tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
494 MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER (MDD) IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C (CHC): PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS
Authors: R.F. Araújo, L.R. da Cunha, L.D. Silva, R. Teixeira, D.D.M. Queiroz, L.M. Oliveira, O.A. Martins Filho, F.S. Neves
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
P45 Audit of Oxygen Management on Nine Medical Wards Using Electronic Prescribing Systems
Authors: AA Nasir, BR O’Driscoll Salford
Journal: Thorax (2012)

Nationwide UK audits by the British Thoracic Society have shown that more than half of UK hospital patients who are using oxygen do not have a prescription for this drug (Thorax. 2011; 66:734). We have audited the prescription and monitoring of oxygen use amongst 347 patients on nine medical wards at our 800 bedded teaching hospital which has a policy of prescribing a target oxygen saturation range for all patients on admission to hospital, using an "admissions bundle" within the electronic prescribing system. 97% of these medical patients had an oxygen saturation range prescribed in the electronic record and a further 1% had a target range specified on bedside documents. 79% of prescriptions were for a target range of 94–98%, 20% were for a range of 88–92% and 1% were for patient-specific target ranges. 10% of medical patients were receiving oxygen at the time of this audit. 92% of all patients were within their specified target range, 3% were above the target range (all of them on oxygen therapy) and 2% were below their target range (all of them breathing air at the time of audit). In 17 of 19 cases where patients were outside their target range, no action was taken by those making the observations. A particular concern in this audit was that 4% of patients had a different target saturation range on the bedside observation chart compared with the prescribed range. This led to some of the above errors. 14% of medical patients had risk factors for type 2 respiratory failure. Of the 26 patients who had blood gases taken on the day of audit, 35% had type 1 respiratory failure and 27% had type 2 failure. This audit has shown that electronic prescribing systems with an "admissions bundle" can achieve target prescriptions for oxygen for over 95% of medical patients. However there were discrepancies with the bedside charts in 4% of cases, a problem that will be solved when bedside observations become electronic in future. There are also concerns that appropriate action was not taken in many cases where patients were outside the target range.
COLOCACION DE PROTESIS ENTERAL EN ESTENOSIS NEOPLASICAS GASTRICAS Y DUODENALES. ANALISIS DE NUESTRA EXPERIENCIA EN 4 AÑOS
Authors: J Nogueira, JM Miquel, J Gornals, E Garcia Recio, R Cortes
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Objetivos: Evaluar, a partir de los resultados de la experiencia en nuestro centro, la seguridad y efectividad, de la colocación de las prótesis enterales en estenosis neoplásicas, gástricas y duodenales, con intención paliativa.
Abstract B61: Regulation of mammary stem/progenitor cells by p53
Authors: Luwei Tao, Amy Roberts, Karen Dunphy, Haoheng Yan, D. Joseph Jerry
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer among women in the United States. Understanding the biological behavior of mammary stem cells (MaSCs) and progenitor cells sheds light on the mechanism of mammary gland malignant transformation. The p53 tumor suppressor protein (TP53 in human, Trp53 in mouse) regulates cell growth and protects cells from malignant transformation and has been shown to also participate in regulation of tissue-specific stem cells. Methods: Total mammary cells were isolated from 8–10 weeks old mice of different p53 genotype (Trp53+/+, Trp53+/−, Trp53−/−). Mammosphere assay were used to compare the self-renewal and ionizing radiation (IR) response of mammosphere-initiating cells. Limiting dilution and transplantation was done to compare the frequency of long-term regenerative mammary stem cells of Trp53+/+ and Trp53−/− epithelium. 3 weeks old BALB/c Trp53+/+ and Trp53−/− mice were injected with BrdU for 7 consecutive days and chased for 9 weeks. BrdU staining was done to compare the frequency of label-retaining cells in their mammary glands. Results: Mammosphere assays showed that decreased p53 dosage in Trp53+/− and Trp53−/− mice led to increased numbers and size of mammospheres. Meanwhile, the number of secondary and tertiary mammospheres was not affected by (IR) regardless of their genotype. Serial dilution and transplantation experiments also showed that the Trp53−/− epithelium had significantly increased frequency of long-term regenerative MaSCs compared to Trp53+/+ epithelium. The BrdU labeling experiment showed that Trp53−/− mammary gland contains less label-retaining epithelial cells (LRECs) than Trp53+/+ epithelium. Conclusions: Our data suggest that p53 negatively regulates the self-renewal of mammary stem cells. The MaSCs pool expands with decreased p53 dosage, which may results in a higher transformation risk. Meanwhile, the p53-mediated apoptosis pathway is compromised in the mammosphere-initiating cells, suggesting different functional status of p53 in cells of different differentiation stage. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):B61.
975 INTERACTIONS AMONG LIVER INFILTRATED CTL, TREG AND NKT CELL FROM SPLEEN PARTICIPATED IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS
Authors: C. Saeki, H. Takahashi, K. Takano, R. Nakagawa, M. Nakano, S. Honma, M. Zeniya
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
THU0382 Familial mediterranean fever (FMF) - disease activity and quality of life in adult patients of turkish ancestry living in turkey or germany
Authors: A. Giese, A. Örnek, M. Kurucay, L. Kiliç, S. Şendur, S. Kiraz, E. Lainka, B.F. Henning
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Paediatric FMF-patients living in Turkey show a higher proportion of severe disease compared to Turkish children born and raised in Germany<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess differences in the course of FMF in adults living in Turkey and Germany. <h3>Methods</h3> Adult patients suffering from FMF according to the Livneh criteria<sup>2</sup> with Turkish ancestry were prospectively included in the study in two university hospitals in Ankara, Turkey (TR) and Herne, Germany (D). A structured interview and the Turkish WHOQOL-BREF were performed. <h3>Results</h3> 61 patients were included (TR:31/D:30). The two groups were significantly different in the following aspects (mean±SD): percentage of patients on colchicine treatment (TR:100%/D: 83.3%,p=0.02), daily colchicine dosage in mg among patients taking colchicine (TR: 1.6±0.7/D:1.15±0.7,p=0.009), duration of disease (TR:15.5±9.5/D:22.4±8.2y,p=0.003). In other aspects examined there was no significant difference. The groups were similar in terms of age at study inclusion (TR:30.9±10.8/D:34.2±10.5y), age at onset of FMF symptoms (TR: 15.4±11.3/D:11.8±6.5y), female sex (TR: 74%/D:60%), FMF-severity according to the score by Pras et al.<sup>3</sup> (TR: 6.6±2.3/D: 6.4±1.9) and the 4 domains of the WHOQOL-BREF (expressed on a 0-100 scale) physical health (TR:57.5±19/D:59.1±20.4), psychological health (TR: 61.3±17.4/D:66.4±19.2), social relationship (TR:66.4±21.7/D:67±23.3), environment (TR: 62.2±18.4/D:68.5±16.8). There was no relevant and significant correlation between FMF-severity and QOL. In most domains (exception: better psychological health of FMF-patients) QOL in the patients studied was comparable to that of Turkish patients on hemodialysis<sup>4</sup>. <h3>Conclusions</h3> 16.7% of FMF-patients of Turkish origin living in Germany included in our study are not taking colchicine (TR: 0%). The average colchicine-dosage in Germany is lower and patients examined in Germany had a longer duration of disease. However, there was no significant difference in disease activity (assessed by the Pras-score) and QOL (assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF) between FMF patients in the two nations. No relevant correlation between FMF disease severity and QOL could be found. <h3>References</h3> Özen S et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2008;68:246 Livneh A et al. Arthritis Rheum 1997;40:1879 Pras E et al. Am J Med Genet 1998;75:216 Sertoz OO et al. Ther Apher Dial 2009;13:366 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> A. Giese: None Declared, A. Örnek: None Declared, M. Kurucay: None Declared, L. Kiliç: None Declared, S. Şendur: None Declared, S. Kiraz: None Declared, E. Lainka Grant/Research support from: Part of the study was supported by a grant from the German ministry of education and research (BMBF 01GM08104), B. Henning: None Declared
FACTORES PREDICTORES DE FRACASO TERAPÉUTICO Y COMPLICACIONES EN PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A PAPILOPLASTIA POR COLEDOCOLITIASIS DE GRAN TAMAÑO
Authors: E Tavío Hernández, E Vázquez Sequeiros, JA González Martín, J Arribas Anta, C Zaera De La Fuente, JR Foruny Olcina, V Benita León, L Téllez Villajos, JL Cuño Roldán, D Boixeda De Miquel, A Albillos Martínez
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La papiloplastia (dilatación de la papila con balón) permite extraer colédeocolitiasis de gran tamaño por CPRE. Los factores predictores de fracaso y complicaciones de la papiloplastia son poco conocidos. Objetivo: Analizar el éxito terapéutico y las complicaciones de la papiloplastia en un hospital terciario y los factores predictores de ambos. Material y Método: Análisis retrospectivo de base de datos incluyendo todas las papiloplastias realizadas (Octubre/2006 – Mayo/2013) para extracción de coledocolitiasis. Dilatación con balón hasta alcanzar diámetro suficiente para extracción de coledocolitiasis con Fogarty. Seguimiento clínico y analítico de eficacia y complicaciones mediante sistema informático intrahospitalario. Análisis descriptivo de variables; Test de Fisher y Anova para comparaciones. Resultados: 163 papiloplastias en 151 pacientes (51% hombres; edad 73.4 ± 19). Indicación: coledocolitiasis sintomática 56%, colangitis 37%, pancreatitis 5%, otros 2%. El 32% presentaba 1 cálculo; 34% 2 – 4 cálculos; 19% 5 – 10-cálculos; 15% > 10. El diámetro máximo del cálculo era 13.5 ± 4,9 mm (10 – 40). El 38% tenían esfinterotomía previa, el 12.8% divertículo duodenal y el 3.6% Billroth-II. Se dilató 14.3 ± 1,97 mm (10 – 18). Se consiguió limpieza completa del colédoco en 127/163(78%), elevándose hasta 142/163 (87%) en una segunda sesión. La litotricia mecánica tuvo que asociarse a la papiloplastia en 12/163 (7%) exploraciones. Doce de los 21 pacientes con litiasis residuales (12/163 = 7%) requirieron cirugía. Factores asociados con fracaso de papiloplastia: Tamaño litiasis > 18 mm (p = 0.02) y, con tendencia a la significación, diámetro máximo de dilatación 18 mm (p = 0.06). Hubo complicaciones en 24/163 (14.7%) pacientes: pancreatitis (7.3%), hemorragia (3%), perforación (2.45%), colangitis (1.2%). La mortalidad de la serie fue 1/163 (0.61%). Factores asociados con complicaciones: edad avanzada (p = 0.03), Billroth-II (p < 0.0001) y, con tendencia a la significación, el tamaño de litiasis> 18 mm (p = 0.06). Conclusiones: La eficacia de la papiloplastia en litiasis grandes fue cercana al 80% (1a sesión) y al 90% (2a sesión). El fracaso terapéutico es más frecuente en litiasis > 18 mm. Las complicaciones, próximas al 14%, son más frecuentes en edad avanzada y Billroth-II.
Abstract SY17-01: BRAF and RAS signaling in melanoma: Basic biology to clinical exploitation.
Authors: Richard M. Marais
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BRAF is mutated in about 45% of melanomas and its upstream activator NRAS is mutated in a further 30% of cases. We have developed mouse models of melanoma driven by these oncogenes. Expression of oncogenic BRAF in mature mouse melanocytes induces melanoma, whereas its expression in embryonic mouse melanocytes is embryonically lethal. In contrast, expression of oncogenic NRAS in mature melanocytes does not induce melanoma, but its expression in embryonic mouse melanocytes induces melanomas of the brain that bear the cardinal features of leptomeningeal melanocytosis in children. We are using these models and human xenograft of patient melanomas grown in immuno-compromised mice to study mechanisms of resistance to BRAF pathway inhibitors. We find that up-regulation of EGF receptor pathway signaling can mediate resistance to BRAF inhibitors by signaling through the PI3 kinase AKT pathway. A combination of a BRAF and EGF receptor inhibitor, or a broad specificity SRC inhibitor can overcome resistance, potentially offering second-line treatments to relapsed patients. Citation Format: Richard M. Marais. BRAF and RAS signaling in melanoma: Basic biology to clinical exploitation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY17-01. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-SY17-01
¿EL TIPO DE AGUJA IMPORTA?
Authors: B Merino Rodríguez, C Gonzáles Asanza, L Pérez Carazo, L Ibañez, P De Gracia Celia, A Ahumada, C Carbonell, A Caballero, E Rodríguez, Ó Nogales Rincón, P Menchén Fernández Pacheco
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La punción guiada con ecoendoscopia es la técnica de elección para la filiación histológica de masas pancreáticas. En la actualidad están disponibles en el mercado agujas de citología e histología así como diferentes tamaños de las mismas. Es controvertido la eficacia, adecuación de la muestra y complicaciones de cada una de ellas. Objetivo: Valorar la rentabilidad diagnóstica, calidad de la muestra, número de pases y complicaciones, entre los distintos tipos de agujas disponibles en nuestra unidad. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo, aleatorizado, comparativo entre las agujas EchoTip ultra® (22, 19) (grupo 1) y Echo Tip ProCore® (22, 19) (grupo 2). Un total de 205 pacientes con masas sólidas pancreáticas fueron incluidos de manera consecutiva. Se aleatorizaron en el grupo (105 pacientes) vs. grupo 2 (100 pacientes). Resultados: No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las características demográficas, tamaño y localización de las lesiones entre ambos grupos. Se detectó una mayor rentabilidad diagnóstica en el grupo 2 (64.5% vs. 89.4% p < 0.005), asi como un menor número de complicaciones (2.14% vs. 0.69% p < 0.005). Asimismo la calidad de la muestra fue mejor y el número de pases menor en el grupo 2 pero sin que los resultaos alcanzaran significación estadística. Conclusiones: La elección de la aguja es especialmente importante en aquellas unidades (como la nuestra) que no disponen de citólogo en sala, para tratar de optimizar el rendimiento. La aguja de histología proporciona mejor material, mayor rendimiento y menos complicaciones en las masas sólidas pancreáticas.
Radionuclide Inferior Venocavagraphy in Budd-Chiari Syndrome Before and After Angioplasty
Authors: PAN-FU KAO, KAI-YUAN TZEN, DONG-LING YOU, MING-FONG TSAI, MIAU-JU HUANG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

The authors discuss a series of radionuclide inferior venocavography (RIVC) studies that were performed on a 57-year-old man who had Budd-Chiari syndrome before and after balloon angioplasty. The RIVC showed IVC obstruction with collateral circulations. The day after successful angioplasty, RIVC showed the temporary co-existence of IVC and the collateral circulation. The latter was unexpected. Two weeks later, a repeat RIVC showed a normal IVC without collateral circulation, including azygos and hemiazygos veins. The temporary coexistence of the patent IVC and collateral circulation after angioplasty should be interpreted carefully as only a transient phenomenon.
Cowden's disease manifested by esophageal polyposis with characteristic appearance on magnifying endoscopy using narrow band imaging
Authors: D. Norimura, H. Isomoto, E. Fukuda, T. Yamao, E. Ozawa, K. Iwasaki, K. Ohnita, F. Takeshima, S. Shikuwa, K. Nakao
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Cowden's disease is characterized by hyperplastic lesions and hamartomas distributed throughout the body, including cutaneous facial papules, oral mucosal lesions, and gastrointestinal polyposis [1]. Cowden's disease is known to be associated with malignancies such as breast cancer, thyroid carcinoma, and endometrial carcinoma. We report a rare case of Cowden's disease manifested by esophageal polyposis with a characteristic appearance on magnifying endoscopic using narrow band imaging (NBI).
Efficacy and safety of endoscopic biliary lithotripsy using FREDDY laser with a radiopaque mark under fluoroscopic guidance
Authors: F. Liu, Z. Jin, D. Zou, Z. Li
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

To date no clinic trials have reported on the safety and effectiveness of the use of a frequency-doubled double pulse neodymium YAG (FREDDY) laser with a radiopaque mark under fluoroscopic guidance to treat bile duct stones that are untreatable by conventional endoscopic therapy. We report the cases of 30 patients with impacted or large common bile duct (CBD) stones (> 1.5 cm) treated by endoscopic lithotripsy using FREDDY laser with a radiopaque mark under fluoroscopic guidance. During the procedure, the tip of the laser fiber was packaged with a radiopaque ring mark that was detectable by fluoroscopy. In these patients, complete bile duct clearance was achieved in 27 of the 30 patients (90 %). The majority of patients (18/30) were treated in a single session; the mean number of sessions needed to clear the bile ducts completely was 1.4 ± 0.6. Adverse events were noted in two patients, who both developed acute mild pancreatitis.
Abstract 985: Mitochondrial glutamine fermentation enhances ATP synthesis in murine glioblastoma cells
Authors: Thomas N. Seyfried
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Otto Warburg first proposed that all cancer cells arise from irreversible impairment of respiration, thus requiring glucose fermentation as a compensatory energy source for maintaining viability. Glucose fermentation with lactate production in the presence of oxygen (aerobic glucose fermentation or the Warburg effect) is now recognized as a metabolic hallmark of nearly all cancers. Besides glucose, glutamine also serves as an energy metabolite for many cancer cells. It is not clear, however, how glutamine provides energy to cancer cells. We examined the influence of glucose and glutamine on ATP synthesis and viability in cultured mouse VM-M3 cells, a model for invasive human glioblastoma. The VM-M3 cells are known to have abnormal respiration. The cells were grown for 12 hrs or 24 hrs in “serum free minimal media” containing glucose alone (25 mM), glutamine alone (4.0 mM), or a combination of both energy metabolites. Using a bioluminescent-based in vitro ATP assay, we found that ATP production and cell viability was similar in VM-M3 cells grown in media containing either glutamine or glucose alone. Lactate production was significantly lower in VM-M3 cells grown in glutamine (0.24 mM) than in the cells grown in glucose (2.34 mM), indicating that these cells produce little lactate from glutamine alone. Robust synergy was found for ATP synthesis and lactate production when the cells were grown in both glucose and glutamine. Remarkably, the synergy persisted under anoxia (95% N2, 5% CO2) indicating that OxPhos did not play a major role in the synergistic interaction of glucose and glutamine. Preliminary [C13] NMR analysis showed that the cells grown in pan-labeled glutamine produced labeled succinate, aspartate, alanine, and citrate indicating that glutamine was metabolized through the TCA cycle in these cells. We propose that the glucose/glutamine energy synergy observed in the VM-M3 cells arises from linked fermentation redox couples in the cytoplasm and mitochondria that synthesize ATP largely through non-oxidative substrate level phosphorylations and possibly from an anaerobic electron transfer-based ATP synthesis at the level of fumarate reductase. In other words, the cells appear to generate ATP through simultaneous anaerobic glucose and amino acid fermentation even in the presence of oxygen. Our results support the Warburg cancer theory and suggest that besides glucose fermentation in the cytoplasm, glutamine fermentation in the mitochondria might also serve as an alternative compensatory energy source to OxPhos deficiency. Supported by Boston College Res. Fund. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 985. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-985
Prognostic Indicators of Tumor Response to &lt;italic&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/italic&gt; Cowan Strain I Plasma Perfusion&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G L Messerschmidt, C Bowles, R Alsaker, K McCormack, R H Corbitt, K R Mosley, A B Deisseroth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Ten tumor-bearing dogs were treated with passage of autologous plasma over fixed Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I. Five similar dogs were treated identically except for the exposure to S. aureus. These animals have been assessed to identify positive and negative prognostic variables for response. Nonresponder treated animals had significantly larger chest wall tumor bulk than did the responder and control groups (P less than .01). Responder animals had fewer initial circulating immune complexes than did the nonresponders, though each group had similar reductions in immune complexes with therapy. Nonresponder animals had smaller volumes of plasma processed per kilogram of body weight per procedure than did controls (P = .016), whereas responder and control animals had similar volumes processed per kilogram of body weight per procedure (P = .84). These data suggest that the response observed in our original series was significantly related to the larger amount of plasma treated per procedure and suggest that a factor may be eluted from the S. aureus cartridge that mediates this response.
Necrosis and Inhibition of Growth of Human Lung Tumor by Anti-α-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Antibody
Authors: Sanjeev Kumar, G. P. Talwar, Debajit K. Biswas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Human lung tumor cells (ChaGo) established in culture from a bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma synthesize and secrete large amounts of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), predominantly the alpha subunit of the glycoprotein hormone. ChaGo cells lose their transformation phenotypes following treatment with anti-alpha-HCG antibody or following inhibition of intracellular synthesis of alpha-HCG by the anti-sense RNA technique. We report that tumors induced by ChaGo cells in female athymic mice undergo necrotic degeneration following local or intraperitoneal administration of alpha-HCG-specific-antibody. The alpha-HCG antibody did not affect the growth of tumor induced by alpha-HCG nonproducing human tumor cells. Histopathological examinations of the anti-alpha-HCG antibody-treated tumor tissues showed active necrosis. When the antibody treatment was discontinued, the tumorigenesis process resumed. When anti-alpha-HCG antibody was administered simultaneously with ChaGo cells, a concentration-dependent inhibition of tumor growth in athymic mice was completely prevented at higher concentrations of the specific antibody.