tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Pitfalls of Planar Three-Phase Bone Scintigraphy in Nontraumatic Hip Avascular Osteonecrosis
Authors: C Scheiber, M E Meyer, B Dumitresco, J L Demangeat, O Schneegans, R M Javier, J Durkel, J C Grob, D Grucker
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Purpose: This study documented the previously reported lower sensitivity of routine planar three-phase bone scintigraphy (BS) performed using a high-resolution parallel-hole collimator compared with MRI to diagnose nontraumatic avascular necrosis of the hip (AVN). Methods: Six observers reviewed 143 bone scintigrams obtained in patients with nontraumatic hip pain (n = 120) or a control group (n = 23). All patients had a standard radiograph and MRI within 2 months of the BS. Of 280 hips, 148 (53%) were painful on the day of the examination. The osteonecrosis group (AVN) consisted of 93 instances of AVN in 58 patients. Although it departs from the clinical situation, this method evaluated the intrinsic performance of the imaging method. The data were analyzed using a receiver operating characteristic method. Results: For the six observers, the A(z) values were 0.65, 0.67, 0.66, 0.67, 0.73, and 0.79, respectively, and 0.66, 0.71, 0.75, 0.81, 0.81, 0.82, and 0.84 after removing hip diseases other than AVN through data manipulation. Bone marrow edema, as seen on MRI, was the most frequently reported misleading sign in false-positive diagnoses, especially in the early or late phases of the disease. False-negative diagnoses misclassified the scans as "asymptomatic hips" in 28 of 30 cases. Twenty-two of 30 scans appeared normal, but these AVN lesions were small (<25%) and were discovered by chance on MRIs that displayed bilateral involvement associated with radiographic evidence (stage 0 or 1). Thirteen of 20 patients were followed for 3 or more years, and only one worsened. Conclusions: BS is not indicated to diagnose possible contralateral AVN if the hip is asymptomatic. This study emphasizes the results from the literature; if indicated, a radionuclide hip investigation requires the use of a pinhole collimator, a SPECT study with scatter correction and iterative reconstruction algorithms, or both.
EARLY HEALING AFTER TREATMENT OF CORONARY LESIONS BY EVEROLIMUS OR BIOLIMUS ELUTING BIORESORBABLE POLYMER STENTS: THE SORT-OUT VIII OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY
Authors: Ida Riise Balleby, Lene Nyhus Andreasen, Lasse Hebsgaard, Trine Orhoj Barkholt, Christian Terkelsen, Lisette Jensen, Emil Holck, Michael Maeng, Lars Krusell, Jouke Dijkstra, Lisbeth Antonsen, Anne Kaltoft, Troels Munck Nielsen, Jakob Hjort, Steen Kristensen, Mikkel Hougaard, Shengxian Tu, Hans Botker, Jens Lassen, Evald Christiansen, Niels Holm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
163 EVALUATION STUDY FOR THE INFLUENCE OF DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR BILIRUBIN, CREATININE AND PROTHROMBIN (INR) FOR LABORATORY MELD SCORE CALCULATIONS
Authors: T. Kaiser, S. Zeuzem, R. Lichtinghagen, W.J. Geilenkeuser, R. Kruse, M. Neumaier, J. Thiery, M. Schmidt
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
An Atypical Variant of Fabry's Disease with Manifestations Confined to the Myocardium
Authors: Wolfgang von Scheidt, Christine M. Eng, Thomas F. Fitzmaurice, Erland Erdmann, Gerhard Hübner, Eckhardt G.J. Olsen, Helen Christomanou, Reinhard Kandolf, David F. Bishop, Robert J. Desnick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

FABRY'S DISEASE is an X-linked recessive disorder resulting from deficient activity of the lysosomal hydrolase α-galactosidase A.1-3 The enzymatic defect leads to the progressive accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids with terminal α-galactosyl moieties (particularly globotriaosylceramide) in the lysosomes of vascular endothelial and smooth-muscle cells throughout the body. In classically affected males, who have no detectable α-galactosidase A activity, the onset of disease manifestations occurs in childhood or adolescence and is characterized by severe acroparesthesias, angiokeratoma, corneal opacities, and hypohidrosis. The cardiac manifestations result from the accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in the myocytes, leading to myocardial failure; in coronary endothelial cells, resulting . . .
AB0014 Lack of Association between AB0, PPAP2B, ADAMST7, PIK3CG, EDNRA and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, Carotid Plaques and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: R. Lopez, F. Genre, M. García Bermudez, B. Ubilla, S. Castañeda, J. Llorca, C. González-Juanatey, A. Corrales, J.A. Miranda-Filloy, T. Pina, C. Gόmez-Vaquero, L. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, B. Fernández-Gutiérrez, A. Balsa, D. Pascual-Salcedo, F.J. Lόpez-Longo, P. Carreira, R. Blanco, I. González-Άlvaro, J. Martin, M.A. Gonzalez-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular (CV) disease. A genetic component has been implicated in atherosclerosis. Recently, the <i>ABO</i> rs579459, <i>PPAP2B</i> rs17114036, <i>ADAMTS7</i> rs3825807 polymorphisms have been associated with coronary artery disease [1] and the <i>PIK3CG</i> rs17398575, <i>EDNRA</i> rs1878406 variants with carotid plaques in general population [2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to determine the potential role of these 5 polymorphisms and cIMT, presence/absence of carotid plaques and CV events in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Polymorphisms were analyzed in 2140 Spanish RA patients by TaqMan assays. Subclinical aterosclerosis was determined by carotid ultrasonography (US) in 620 patients. <h3>Results</h3> No statistical significant differences were observed when the <i>ABO</i> rs579459, <i>PPAP2B</i> rs17114036 and <i>ADAMTS7</i> rs3825807 polymorphisms and CV events were compared. It was also the case when <i>PIK3CG</i> rs17398575 and <i>EDNRA</i> rs1878406 polymorphisms and cIMT and carotid plaques were analyzed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results do not confirm an association of these 5 polymorphisms and subclinical atherosclerosis and CV in RA. <h3>References</h3> Schunkert H, et al. Nat Genet 2011;43:333-8. Bis JC, al. Nat Genet 2011;43:940-7. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was supported by European Union FEDER funds and "Fondo de Investigaciόn Sanitaria" (PI06/0024, PS09/00748 and PI12/00060) from `Instituto de Salud Carlos III" (ISCIII, Spain). It was also partially supported by RETICS Programs RD12/0009/0013 and RD12/0009/0004 (RIER) from ISCIII and by grants from the European IMI BTCure Program. RLM is a recipient of a Sara Borrell postdoctoral fellowship from ISCIII (CD12/00425). FG and BU are supported by funds from the RETICS Program (RIER). MGB is a beneficiary of a grant from Fundaciόn Española de Reumatología (FER). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1760
Scintigraphy of Injuries to the Distal Tibiofibular Syndesmosis
Authors: Clayton Frater, William Van Gaal, Siri Kannangara, Hans Van der Wall
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Ankle sprains are a common injury and may occur in as many as 75% of sporting participants. More complex injuries involving a rotational component may lead to injury of the interosseous membrane, its supporting ligaments, or the tibial plafond, compromising the integrity of the ankle mortice. Four such cases that show the scintigraphic manifestation of the injury are presented. In addition to the standard planar views of the ankles, special magnified anterior views were obtained with the feet in internal rotation of 25° to 35°. These special views facilitated the diagnoses.
False-Positive Uptake of Tl-201 by an Intracranial Inflammatory Pseudotumor
Authors: MORDECHAI LORBERBOYM, MICHAEL SACHER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 28-year-old man had recurrent episodes of headache, ophthalmoplegia, and ptosis. MR imaging showed a mass within the sphenoid sinus. Tl-201 imaging showed intense uptake in the region of the sphenoid sinus and right middle fossa with moderate retention of activity, suggesting the diagnosis of a viable tumor. A biopsy specimen from the sphenoid sinus revealed dense inflammatory infiltrate dominated by plasma cells, consistent with inflammatory pseudotumor. After radiation therapy, the mass showed no significant change on MR imaging, but regressed in size and uptake on the follow-up Tl-201 scan. Tl-201 may accumulate in nonmalignant inflammatory lesions and could mimic a viable tumor. It is, therefore, suggested that before surgery and histologic diagnosis, any abnormal intracranial accumulation of Tl-201 should be interpreted with caution.
Abstract 1887: Targeting oncoprotein stability overcomes lapatinib-resistance due to ERBB2 kinase domain mutations
Authors: Rama Krishna Kancha, Franziska Blaeschke, Natalie Bartosch, Christian Peschel, Justus Duyster
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ERBB2 kinase domain mutations were recently reported in some solid cancers. Moreover, certain ERBB2 mutations were shown to cause lapatinib resistance in vitro thus predicting their emergence in treated patients. We have recently shown that ERBB2-L755S, ERBB2-L755P and ERBB2-T798M mutants cause lapatinib resistance by stabilizing the active kinase conformation (DFG-in), which is incompatible with lapatinib binding (DFG-out). Using an in vitro cell-based drug resistance screen we also showed that these lapatinib resistant mutations might cause secondary resistance in patients treated with lapatinb. Thus, it is important to search for alternate treatment strategies to overcome lapatinib resistance. ERBB2 kinase is a client for HSP90 and is degraded by HSP90 inhibitor treatment. We thus tested if targeting ERBB2 mutant stability by inhibiting HSP90 overcomes lapatinib resistance. Since the kinase domain is important for the ERBB2 interaction with HSP90, we tested whether ERBB2 kinase domain mutants retained their interaction with the chaperone. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis showed that the interaction of ERBB2 mutants with HSP90 is intact. Importantly, HSP90 inhibitor treatment resulted in the degradation of lapatinib-resistant ERBB2 mutants as observed with the wild type ERBB2 kinase. Thus, HSP90 inhibitors may offer an alternative treatment option to overcome primary or secondary lapatinib resistance in patients harbouring ERBB2 mutations. Moreover, combined targeting of different physiological aspects (enzyme activity and protein stability) may prevent the emergence of secondary drug resistance due to kinase domain mutations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1887. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1887
Long-Term Prognosis of Seizures with Onset in Childhood
Authors: Matti Sillanpää, Merja Jalava, Olli Kaleva, Shlomo Shinnar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

We prospectively studied 245 children from the catchment area of Turku University Hospital in Turku, Finland, who had active epilepsy diagnosed between 1961 and 1964. Sixty-eight patients (28 percent) had idiopathic seizures (presumed to have a genetic origin), 54 (22 percent) had cryptogenic seizures (occurring in otherwise normal persons with no clear cause), and 123 (50 percent) had remote symptomatic seizures (with no immediate cause but occurring in persons with a prior brain injury or a static encephalopathy).
Case 11-1999
Authors: Arnold S. Freedman, G. Petur Nielsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Presentation of CaseA 60-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of lumbar pain and incontinence of the bladder and bowel.She had a 20-year history of low back pain with radiation to the buttocks and anterior thighs, for which she took nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Three months before admission, she had a bout of back pain that persisted. One month before admission, the patient entered another hospital because for several weeks she had had bladder and bowel incontinence, leg weakness, and severe pain in the thighs on attempting to stand.A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the lumbar spine . . .
Abstract 309: Induction of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) by dendritic cells leads to genomic instability in human myeloma
Authors: Srinivas Koduru, Ellice Wong, Till Strowig, Ranjini Sundaram, Lin Zhang, Matthew P. Strout, Richard A. Flavell, David G. Schatz, Kavita M. Dhodapkar, Madhav V. Dhodapkar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Tumor microenvironment (TME) is often implicated in regulating the growth of tumors, but whether it can directly alter the genetics of tumors is not known. Myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by growth of tumor cells in the bone marrow. Prior studies have shown that genomic instability and dendritic cell (DC) infiltration are common features of human myeloma (MM). Mechanisms underlying genomic instability in MM are largely unknown. Here we show that the interaction between myeloma and DCs but not monocytes, leads to rapid induction of the genomic mutator AID and AID-dependent DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in myeloma cell lines as well as primary MM cells. Both myeloid as well as plasmacytoid DCs known to infiltrate MM lesions have the capacity to induce AID in MM tumor cells. The induction of AID and resultant DNA-DSBs in tumor cells by DCs depends on DC-tumor contact and is inhibited by the blockade of RANK/RANKL interactions. DC-mediated genomic damage in tumors also leads to altered tumorigenicity in vivo. These data demonstrate a novel pathway for the capacity of specific cells in TME such as DCs to regulate genomic integrity in cancer. These findings also suggest that DC-mediated genomic instability may be targetable by approaches such as RANKL inhibition that are already in the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 309. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-309
Abstract P4-02-07: A Progesterone Receptor Modulator, CDB-4124, Inhibits Mammary Carcinogenesis by Suppressing Cell Proliferation In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: RD Wiehle, DD Lantvit, T Yamada, K. Christov
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract CDB-4124 (Proellex or Telapristone acetate) is a modulator of progesterone receptor (PR) signaling which has been employed in preclinical studies for the treatment of uterine fibroids and endometriosis. Here we provide evidence for its action in breast cancer from both in vitro and in vivo studies. When CDB-4124 is given to rats at 200 mg/kg for 24 months it prevents the development of spontaneous mammary hyperplastic and premalignant lesions. In a second set of experiments, we found that CDB-4124, given as subcutaneous pellets at two different dose suppressed MNU-induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats in a dose dependent manner (see table below). The high dose (30 mg over 84 days) increased tumor latency from 66 to 87 days (P&amp;lt;0.02), decreased incidence from 85% to 35% (P&amp;lt;0.01), and multiplicity, from 3.0 to 1.1 tumors/animal (P&amp;lt;0.01). Tumor burden (total of all tumor weights in an animal) decreased from 2.6 g to 0.26 g/animal (P&amp;lt;0.01). Moreover in suport of our observations, CDB-4124 significantly suppressed Ki-67 positive cells from 30.5±7.1% in placebo-treated to 25.4±14.4% in low-dose and further to 10.3±4.5% (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the high-dose treated animals. CDB-4124 increased latency and inhibited the incidence, multiplicity and burden of mammary tumors CDB-4124 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in these mammary tumors and this correlated with decreased proportion of PR+ tumor cells. Serum progesterone was lowered but there were no effects on estradiol. This progesterone receptor modulator appears to exert its effects in the presence of estrogen. In a mechanistic study employing human T47D breast cancer cells we found that CDB-4124 suppressed G1/0-S transition by inhibiting cdk-2 and cdk-4 expression and this correlated with inhibition of ER expression. Taken together, these data indicates that CDB-4124 can suppress the development of spontaneous and carcinogen-induced ER+ mammary tumors in rats and thus newer progesterone receptor modulators may have implications for prevention and treatment of human breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-02-07.
Abstract 495: Overexpression of the cold-inducible RNA binding protein RBM3 attenuates the stem cell-like features of PC-3 cells
Authors: Yu Zeng, John Kim, Youqiang Li, Steven Mooney, Takumi Shiraishi, Prakash Kulkarni, Robert Getzenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: It has long been thought that the stem cell-like features of cancer cells contribute to their evolutionary capability to escape therapeutic strategies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or hormone deprivation in prostate cancer (PCa). At the same time, temperature is perhaps one of the most important elements of the environment. One of the most clinically relevant examples of the effect of temperature on stem-like cells is cryptorchidism, in which germ cells maintained at body temperature that is several degrees higher than in the scrotum do not function to form sperm. In contrast, these pluripotential cells have a high likelihood to develop cancer if they are not rescued by relocating them to the scrotum and therefore a lower environmental temperature, in very early childhood. RNA binding motif 3 (RBM3) belongs to a cold-inducible RNA binding protein family and has been shown to be highly expressed in normal testis tissue but is decreased in cryptorchid mouse. We previously reported that RBM3 was decreased by heat treatment in PCa cell lines. The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of RBM3 over-expression on stem cell-like features of PC-3 cells. Methods: RBM3 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR in fetal and adult human tissues, as well as in PCa samples. The normal prostate cell line, PrEc, was sorted with the stem cell surface marker CD133 using flow cytometry. PC-3 cells were transfected with pCMV6-RBM3-GFP vector. The soft agar clonogenic assay was performed with RBM3- or control vector-transfected cells. The expression of stem cell-related genes and miRNAs was determined using PCR array. Results: The RBM3 mRNA level is decreased in fetal tissues and CD133 (+) PrEc cells in comparison to adult tissues and CD133 (−) cells, respectively. Metastatic PCa expresses lower RBM3 mRNA than primary tumors. Moreover, RBM3 expression was decreased upon treatment of chemotherapy and maintained at a low level in the surviving clones after intensive chemo- or heat treatment in both PC-3 and DU-145 cells. PC-3 cells that over-express RBM3 demonstrated less heterogenic morphology than those with a control vector. Importantly, RBM3 over-expression greatly attenuates the anchorage-independent clonogenic ability of PC-3 cells. Additionally, a panel of genes and miRNAs that are involved in neural cell differentiation and self-renew are altered upon RBM3 expression. Conclusion: Taken together, these data suggest that lowering RBM3 may play an important role in maintaining the stem cell-like features of cancer cells during development and progression under environmental stress. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 495. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-495
P512Clinical and morphological study of influence of magnium orotat on patients with mitral prolaps
Authors: A G Avtandilov, TG Borovaya, KM Dzeranova, LV Didenko
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and associated hemodynamic disturbances are the most frequent clinical manifestation of the syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. Among the reasons for its development may be deficient in magnesium ions as a cofactor of kinases involved in the phosphorylation of glucose. Activity of transglutaminases and lysyl oxidase, involved in the formation of cross-linking of collagen and elastin, decreases with magnesium deficiency. As a result, the mechanical strength of connective tissue fibers decreases. Metabolic disorders leads to disruption of the formation of fibrous and interstitial cardiac skeleton. Morphological changes in the status of the loose fibrous connective tissue (LVCT) from skin are comparable with the same changes in LVCT in the interstitial tissue of myocardium. The bioavailable material (skin biopsy) can be use for study of morphological and functional characteristics of LVCT, and these data correspond with the morphological and functional characteristics of LFCT from myocardium. Material and methods: The study included 59 patients with MVP with phenotypic features of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. All participants underwent a standard echocardiographic evaluation of transmitral flow at baseline and after 8 weeks after administration of magnesium orotate (MO). To assess the dynamics of morphological and functional changes in the samples were used LFCT skin biopsies which were subjected to a complex morphological analysis (light, scanning electron microscopy (Quanta 200 3D, FEI Company, USA ), original hystochemistry method for the detection and evaluation of the basic substance in LFCT and energy dispersive X-ray analysis for the chemical elements detection (EDAX, USA). Morphological changes of RVST in patients with MVP after the application of MO were connected with significant increasing of the volume of the amorphous matrix, ordering of interposition of fibers and the appearance of "bridges, cross-linkages" between them, as well as an increase in proteoglycans content. These changes indicate on reorganization of architectonic of LFCT and improvement its metabolic status. Content of potassium and magnesium in LVCT were increased significantly, after patients had received MO. Applying MO in patients with MVP improves parameters of intracardiac hemodynamic and diastolic function in the absence of changes in its inotropic function. These functional changes directly related to improving the diffusion capacity of the connective tissue, reorganizing its architectonics, improving its elasticity and stretchability.
Acute Ipecac Poisoning
Authors: Roger P. Smith, David M. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

FEW drugs have as long a history of use in medicine as ipecac and its official galenicals, ipecac fluid extract, ipecac syrup and ipecac and opium powder. Also official are the derived preparations, emetine hydrochloride and emetine hydrochloride injection. Two botanical varieties of ipecac have official status, the roots and rhizomes of either Cephaelis ipecacuanha (Brotero), which is referred to as Rio or Brazilian ipecac, or Cephaelis acuminata (Karsten), more commonly known as Cartagena, Nicaragua or Panama ipecac.1 , 2 Rio ipecac was introduced to Europe in 1648 from Brazil, where it already enjoyed a wide reputation as a specific for amebic . . .