tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tackling Cancer in The Comics
Authors: M. E. Newman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Tackling Cancer in The Comics Get access Michael E. Newman Michael E. Newman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 16, 21 August 1991, Pages 1132–1133, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.16.1132 Published: 21 August 1991
AB0191 ERAP1, HLA-B27 and antigen presentation in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: L. Chen, R. Fisher, S. Kollenberg, B. Kessler, P. Bowness
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Recent studies have shown that genetic variation within ERAP1, encoding endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1, is strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS)1. Within the endoplasmic reticulum, ERAP1 is involved in the trimming of peptides to the optimal length for their presentation by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1 proteins 2, such as HLA-B27 that is also associated with AS 3. <h3>Objectives</h3> Compare the enzyme activity of wildtype and mutant ERAP1 in vitro, and study the effect of ERAP1 silencing on peptide processing and epitopes presentation by HLA-B27. <h3>Methods</h3> 1)The N-terminal-extended HLA-B27 Chlamydia epitope (13-mer, QITANRELIQQEL) was incubated with WT and mutant ERAP1s in time course experiments at 37° (Up to 6h). The digestion products were analysed using Q-TOF mass analyzer. 2)ERAP1-shRNA lentivirus were produced to stably silence the expression of ERAP1 on LCL.721.221.B27 cells. Then these cells were infected with recombinant HIV-gag vaccinia and co-cultured with HIV-gag B27 epitope specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTLs). IFN-gamma ELISpot were used to measure the number of CTLs activated. <h3>Results</h3> 1)A protective ERAP1 mutant, K528R-ERAP1, was found to trim elongated B27 epitopes slower than WT-ERAP1 and stopped at 11mer. 2)ERAP1-silenced 221.B27 cells are less effective at generating and presenting HIV-gag B27 epitope to CTLs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The functional interaction of ERAP1 and HLA-B27 is likely very important in AS pathogenesis. My data suggest that ERAP1 may contribute to AS predisposition through aberrant peptide processing for presentation by HLA-B27. <h3>References</h3> Evans DM et al. Interaction between ERAP1 and HLA-B27 in ankylosing spondylitis implicates peptide handling in the mechanism for HLA-B27 in disease susceptibility. Nat Genet. 2011 Jul 10;43(8):761-7. York IA, Chang SC, Saric T, Keys JA, Favreau JM, Goldberg AL, Rock KL. The ER aminopeptidase ERAP1 enhances or limits antigen presentation by trimming epitopes to 8-9 residues. Nat Immunol, 2002. 3(12): p. 1177-84. Brewerton DA, Hart FD, Nicholls A, Caffrey M, James DC, Sturrock RD. Ankylosing spondylitis and HL-A 27. Lancet, 1973. 1: p. 904-907. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1755: Utility of anti-p53 antibody in blood as a predictive marker for the detection of early recurrence in postoperative patients with esophageal carcinoma
Authors: Nobutoshi Hagiwara, Ken Takahashi, Eiji Uchida, Hiroshi Makino, Tsutomu Nomura, Keiichi Okawa, Ichiro Akagi, Itsuro Fujita, Itsuro Fujita, Nobuyuki Sakurazawa, Hiroyuki Onodara, Naoyuki Yamashita, Masao Miyashita
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Circulating anti-p53 antibody(p53-Ab) in blood can be detected in various cancers. Serum p53-Ab has been applied as a tumor marker in detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, little is known about prognostic value for postoperative patients with ESCC. We evaluate the significance of preoperative serum p53-Ab as a potential marker of early recurrence after curative resection for ESCC. Methods: Anti-p53 antibodies in serum was measured with Enzyme-linked immunosorvent assay (ELISA) to analyze serum p53-Ab before treatment in 44 patients with ESCC. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen(SCC-Ag) and Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as popular tumor markers for ESCC were measured simultaneously by immunoradiometric assay to compare with the p53-Ab results. Clinicopathological characteristics were also examined. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were used to analyze the association with prognosis. Results: The recurrence-free rate was significantly higher in patients negative for p53-Ab in serum than those strongly positive for p53-Ab (p=0.0002). The patients positive for p53-Ab in serum were more likely to have early recurrence after curative resection than patients negative for p53-Ab (p=0.05). On the other hand there were no significant correlations between CEA, SCC-Ag positivity and early recurrence. Conclusions: This study suggests that p53-Ab in serum is a promising tumor marker to predict a risk of early recurrence after curative surgical resection for ESCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1755.
Abstract 3389: Nuclear accumulation of c-Rel transcription factor is correlated with the proteasome inhibitor resistance in mantle cell lymphoma.
Authors: Marzenna Blonska, Deng Pan, Zhishuo Ou, Liang Zhang, Xin Lin, Michael Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) plays essential roles in survival and drug resistance of multiple malignancies including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and multiple myeloma (MM). Proteasome inhibitors have been shown to block constitutively active NF-kB and clinical data indicates a high overall response of MCL and MM patients to this treatment. The 2nd generation proteasome inhibitor, carfilzomib (CFZ), has a therapeutic effect on relapsed or refractory disease and low toxicity to normal lymphocytes. However, there are increasing numbers of proteasome inhibitor-resistant cases. Thus, this study was designed to identify the molecular mechanism that leads to CFZ-resistance. Experimental design: In this study we have determined the cytotoxic effect of CFZ in a panel of MM and MCL cell lines, as well as primary tumor cells. The cell growth inhibition was assessed by the thymidine intake and MTT assay. NF-kB activity was examined by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) using nuclear extracts from CFZ-treated and control cells. Nuclear pattern of NF-kB family members, such as RelA/p50, cRel/p50 and RelB/p52 complexes, was analyzed by supershift and western blot. Results: CFZ-induced NF-kB inhibition was not observed in two (out of eight) examined cell lines, even with the highest doses (100 nM). Consistently, cell growth was suppressed only in cells with a CFZ-sensitive NF-kB activity (IC50&amp;lt;20 nM), as shown by EMSA and MTT assay. In contrast, the treatment with proteasome inhibitor increased the nuclear accumulation and DNA binding of NF-kB in CFZ-resistant cells. Furthermore, we have found that only these cells had upregulated c-Rel/p50 member of NF-kB family. Supershift analysis revealed that all examined cell lines and primary cells had constitutively active classical (RelA/p50 dimer) and/or non-classical (RelB/p52 dimer) NF-kB, excluding CFZ-resistant cells with prominent nuclear accumulation of c-Rel. This data suggests that activated c-Rel may trigger resistance to CFZ. Enhanced nuclear accumulation of c-Rel is also an unwanted molecular consequence of exposure to CFZ. Conclusion: Our work indicates the need for new treatment strategies in c-Rel-positive cases. A strategic combination targeting different signaling mediators, especially upstream of c-Rel, would enhance the ultimate anticancer effect. Citation Format: Marzenna Blonska, Deng Pan, Zhishuo Ou, Liang Zhang, Xin Lin, Michael Wang. Nuclear accumulation of c-Rel transcription factor is correlated with the proteasome inhibitor resistance in mantle cell lymphoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3389. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3389
Deficiency of Platelet Lipoxygenase Activity in Myeloproliferative Disorders
Authors: Andrew I. Schafer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The myeloproliferative disorders are characterized by frequent bleeding and thrombotic complications. These complications have been attributed to abnormal platelet function. We studied platelet function in 60 patients with myeloproliferative disorders. In 24 of these patients, a new direct assay revealed reduced activity of the platelet lipoxygenase pathway for oxygenation of arachidonic acid. In contrast, all of 15 patients with secondary polycythemia or secondary thrombocytosis had normal lipoxygenase activity. The addition of arachidonic acid to the cells of seven of eight patients with lipoxygenase deficiency induced increased synthesis of thromboxane B2, as compared with the cells of patients with normal lipoxygenase activity. Although this might be expected to indicate a greater thrombotic tendency, these patients paradoxically tended to have episodes of hemorrhage rather than thrombosis. Bleeding complications occurred in 67 per cent of patients with lipoxygenase deficiency but in only 19 per cent of those with normal lipoxygenase activity. In contrast, 13 per cent of lipoxygenase-deficient patients had thromboembolic complications, as compared with 31 per cent of patients with normal lipoxygenase activity. Measurement of platelet lipoxygenase activity may be of diagnostic value in distinguishing myeloproliferative disorders from secondary thrombocytosis or polycythemia. Lipoxygenase deficiency may prove to be a useful natural model for investigating the role of lipoxygenase products in hemostasis. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 306:381–6.)
A Tumor Necrosis Factor β-Gene Polymorphism Associated With Islet Cell Antibodies in Newly Diagnosed Type I Diabetic Patients
Authors: Joan Vendrell, Guadalupe Ercilla, Cristina Gutierrez, Ramon Gomis, Alberto Goday, Josefa Fernandez, Cristobal Richart, Enric Vilardell
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)
FRI0026 Correlation between Serum Rituximab Level and Clinical Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with B Cell Depletion Therapy
Authors: M. Diana, M. Iliuta, C. Gainaru, G. Luca, N. Apetrei, T. Gudu, A. Peltea, C. Constantinescu, L. Groseanu, V. Bojinca, I. Saulescu, A. Borangiu, A. Balanescu, D. Predeteanu, R. Ionescu, D. Opris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab (RTX) sustained efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients can be achieved by repeated courses of RTX (1). The correlation between serum drug level before a new retreatment and clinical response remains to be established. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the relationship between serum RTX level just before a new retreatment course and clinical response after 6 months. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty five consecutive RA patients treated with RTX for more than 12 months were included in this prospective study initiated in May 2013 and followed up until December 2013. Serum samples were collected for assay of drug level and anti-drug antibodies (ADAb) using sandwich ELISA (Promonitor-RTX Ref.PG-PRTX-12700). Patients were divided according to RTX serum level into detectable versus non-detectable drug level based on assay cut-off. Their disease activity was assessed by Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) scores at baseline and after 6 months of follow-up. At follow-up they were classified using DAS28 score in patients with high, moderate, low disease activity and remission. The unpaired t-test or, where appropriate, Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney test, was used for comparisons. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, 8 (36%) patients had non-detectable RTX level with mean DAS28 and SDAI score of 3.45 and 21.79 respectively. Six (66.6%) of them had moderate or high disease activity compared to 75% of patients in the RTX detectable group. At the time of follow-up (6 months after dosing RTX), 5 patients with no-detectable RTX level achieved low disease activity or remission, compared to 11 patients with detectable serum RTX. Patients with detectable RTX level showed larger reduction of DAS28 and SDAI score at follow-up (P=0.0104, respectively P=0.0332), versus patients with undetectable RTX level. Lower disease activity class was achieved in patients with detectable drug serum level (P=0.0036). All patients tested negative for ADAb. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This pilot prospective study suggests that detectable RTX serum level just before re-treatment is correlated to further clinical response in RA patients. The results of our study are promising for the optimization of treatment responses and easy applicable in clinical practice. <h3>References</h3> Mok CC. Rituximab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: an update. Drug Des. Devel. Ther. 2014;8(87-100). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4831
House Subcommittee Scrutinizes Taxol Agreements
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article House Subcommittee Scrutinizes Taxol Agreements Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 16, 21 August 1991, Pages 1134–1135, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.16.1134 Published: 21 August 1991
P126 INCREASED FREQUENCY OF CD8 T CELL RESPONSES TO T CELL APOPTOSIS-DERIVED ANTIGENS IN CHRONICALLY-HCV INFECTED INDIVIDUALS NON-RESPONDING TO PEG-IFNa/RIBAVIRIN
Authors: H. Martini, A. Citro, C. Martire, D. Accapezzato, E.N. Cavallari, G. Labbadia, G. D'Ettorre, V. Vullo, V. Barnaba
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 2096: Estrogen receptor alpha activation mediates a novel mitochondrial unfolded protein response
Authors: Luena Papa, Doris Germain
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Unfolded protein responses (UPR) of the endoplasmic-reticulum and of the matrix of the mitochondria have been described. Our data indicates that accumulation of proteins in the inter-membrane space of the mitochondria (IMS) activates a distinct UPR from that induced by stress in the mitochondrial matrix. We show that upon IMS-stress, cells activate the Estrogen Receptor (ERα) in a ligand independent fashion through ROS overproduction and AKT phosphorylation. ERα activation further triggers the induction of the mitochondrial regulator NRF-1 and the IMS protease Omi. In addition, IMS stress leads to an acceleration in the trypsin-like activity of the proteasome. Since we reported a proteasome and Omi-dependent checkpoint that limits the import of IMS proteins, these results suggest that this novel UPR acts as cyto-protective responses to overcome IMS-stress. Indeed, we show that whereas ERα is required for activation of these cyto-protective responses, its ligand-independent activation is necessary to prevent IMS stress-induced collapse in the mitochondrial potential. Notably, our result show that upon mitochondrial dysfunction, cells trigger the retrograde pathway involving the activation of ERα to facilitate the recovery of the physiological functions of the mitochondria and maintain their integrity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2096. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2096
Depressed Growth of Morris Hepatomas in Altitude- and Heat-Stressed but not in Cold-Stressed Buffalo Rats23
Authors: Clark M. Blatteis, Sergio S. Cardoso, Tanjore K. Narayanan, Mark H. Hughes, Harold P. Morris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Female inbred BUF rats bearing Morris hepatomas 5123C, 5123D, 7795, and 7800 bilaterally in the femoral musculature were exposed for 3 weeks to either 4,500-m simulated altitude or sea level or to an ambient temperature of either 7, 23, or 33° C. Rats were given inoculations 12 days before these exposures. Tumor size, body weight, food consumption, and body temperatures were measured weekly in these treated rats and in normal rats. At time of killing, tumor mass, DNA synthesis (by [3H]thymidine incorporation), and respiration (by conversion of [1,4-14C]succinic acid to 14CO2) were measured in each of the 4 hepatoma lines, in the livers of normal and host rats, and in regenerated livers 10 days post 70% hepatectomy. Growths of all 4 tumors and regenerated livers were significantly impaired in rats stressed by exposure to altitude and heat but not to cold. Neither DNA synthesis nor respiration was altered in the hepatomas and livers by any environmental stress. The environmentally stressed rats gained weight at a slower rate and consumed less food than did their controls, but no differences were found in these variables for tumor-bearing and non-tumor-bearlng rats. However, whereas the ratio of body weight gain to food consumed was reduced under the three stressful environments, that of tumor weight gain to food consumed was not altered by any environment. Host survivorship was not influenced by any of these effects.
Massive hemobilia from a ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm detected by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and successfully treated
Authors: A. Trakarnsanga, T. Sriprayoon, T. Akaraviputh, T. Tongdee
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Massive hemobilia from a ruptured hepatic artery aneurysm (HAA) is a serious complication and difficult to treat. The majority of cases are the result of accidental or iatrogenic trauma. Other causes are inflammatory, tumor bleeding, vascular disorders, and cholecystolithiasis [1] [2] [3]. Treatment of a specific aneurysm depends on its location and the regional vascular anatomy. Therapeutic options include embolization of the aneurysm, stenting across the parent vessel, and embolization of the common hepatic artery or open surgical repair, with or without reconstruction [4] [5]. We reported a case of ruptured HAA with massive hemobilia that was first diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and treated successfully by percutaneous ultrasound-guided glue injection directly into the HAA.
BLOOD PRESSURE IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Tomoaki Murakami, Hironobu Kobayashi, Hiroki Nagamine, Kazuhiro Shiraga, Shoji Fukuoka, Higashi Koji, Shigeru Tateno, Kawasoe Yasutaka, Nakajima Hiromichi, Hiroyuki Aotsuka, Koichiro Niwa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A Hidden Agenda
Authors: Michael Landor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

A 35-year-old man presented to the hospital in December 1996 with a 10-day history of fever (temperature as high as 40°C [104°F]) and 1-day history of nausea, vomiting, and mild abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. He denied having headache, rash, diarrhea, or neurologic, respiratory tract, musculoskeletal, or genitourinary tract symptoms. Evaluation by a physician eight days earlier had not revealed the source of the fever. The patient appeared healthy, with no pallor, jaundice, or stigmata of liver insufficiency. Except for the presence of mild tenderness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen and moderate hypotonia of . . .
Second-line chemotherapy with FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic gastric cancer (MGC) not previously treated with fluoropyrimidines
Authors: L. Di Lauro, S. I. Fattoruso, L. Giacinti, P. Vici, D. Sergi, M. Lopez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4549 Background: No established second-line chemotherapy exists for patients (pts) with MGC failing to respond or progressing after first-line chemotherapy. This study was designed to determine the efficacy and safety of FOLFIRI combination used as second-line therapy in pts with MGC not previously treated with regimens containing fluoropyrimidines. Methods: Pts with measurable distant metastases, previously treated with a combination of epirubicin, docetaxel and cisplatin or oxaliplatin as first-line therapy, received irinotecan 180 mg/mq (150 mg/mq in pts &gt;70 ys old) as a 1-h infusion day 1; leucovorin 100 mg/mq/day followed by bolus fluorouracil (FU) 400 mg/mq and a 22-h infusion of FU 600 mg/mq day 1–2, every 2 weeks for a maximum of 12 cycles or until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or patients refusal. Endpoints were response rate (RR), time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: 38 pts were enrolled: M/F 23/15; median age 66 ys (34–75); median ECOG PS 1 (0–2); number of metastatic sites 1/2/≥3: 9/18/11 pts, respectively. A total of 223 cycles was performed (median 6, range 2–12). One CR and 8 PR were observed for an overall RR of 24% (95% CI, 11–39 %). Disease remained stable in 11 pts. Median TTP was 4.0 months (95% CI, 2.9–5.1) and median OS was 6.2 months (95% CI, 4.7–7.7). Grade 3/4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and anemia occurred in 29%, 3% and 8% of pts, respectively. Febrile neutropenia was seen in 2 pts (5%). Other grade 3 toxicities included diarrhea in 5 pts (13%), mucositis in 2 pts (5%) and vomiting in 2 pts (5%). There were no treatment related deaths. Conclusions: FOLFIRI is an active and well tolerated second-line regimen for MGC pts not previously treated with fluoropyrimidines. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The sound of one hand clapping: Overdetermination and the pansensory nature of communication
Authors: Kenneth John Aitken
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Two substantive issues are relevant to discussions of the evolution of acoustic communication and merit further consideration here. The first is the importance of communicative ontogeny and the impact of the proximal social environment on the early development of communication and language. The second is the emerging evidence for a number of non-linguistic roles of FOXP2 and its orthologs.
Sagittal Sinus Tumor Thrombosis in a Case of NHL Demonstrated on F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Madhavi Tripathi, Maria D'Souza, Jyotika Jain, Rima Kumari, Shefali Guliani, Santosh K Pandey, Rajnish Sharma, Anupam Mondal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We report a case of a 60-year-old woman, diagnosed as a case of non Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL), referred for F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) following 6 cycles of chemotherapy to evaluate response to therapy. The scan revealed a curvilinear pattern of FDG accumulation in the midline extending anteroposteriorly, just adjacent to the inner table of the skull on the fused PET/CT images with no corresponding abnormality on the low-dose CT. Because this site anatomically corresponded to that of the sagittal sinus, an MRI and magnetic resonance venography was advised which confirmed the presence of sagittal sinus tumor deposits. This case highlights the pattern of sagittal sinus tumor thrombosis on FDG PET/CT and the possibility of its occurrence in NHL.