tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin or thromboxane receptor antagonism in rats with congenital hydronephrosis.
Authors: R C Vari, F G Boineau, J E Lewy
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

A technique for the measurement of GFR without collection of urine in rats was experimentally validated and applied to experiments designed to: (1) evaluate the degree of reduction of GFR in rats with congenital, unilateral hydronephrosis; and (2) to determine if the reduction in renal function is mediated by angiotensin II and/or thromboxane A2 mechanisms. Simultaneous measurements of GFR by a constant-infusion technique and the traditional inulin clearance technique in rats with either one or two normal kidneys were highly correlated (r = 0.934; P < 0.001; N = 17). GFR was approximately 24% lower (P < 0.001) in rats with congenital unilateral hydronephrosis than in rats with a normal kidney. The GFR in rats with hydronephrosis infused with a receptor blocker for either angiotensin II or thromboxane A2 was greater than the GFR in hydronephrotic kidneys without blockade and was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that in rats with normal kidneys. These results indicate that a constant inulin infusion technique without urine collections can be used to accurately measure GFR in congenitally hydronephrotic kidneys, rendering values free from possible residual pelvic volume artifact. In addition, these results also indicate that a significant 24% reduction in GFR occurs in congenital unilateral hydronephrosis and is mediated by angiotensin II and thromboxane A2 mechanisms.
AB1046 Can MRI of the Metatarsophalangeal Joints Differentiate Mechanical from Early Inflammatory Metatarsal Pain?: Table 1
Authors: C. Cosso, M. Pastorino, F. Barbieri, E. Aleo, S. Migone, V. Prono, M. Cutolo, M.A. Cimmino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Metatarsal pain is a frequent complaint in the general population. It is usually mechanical and associated with a variety of risk factors, including female sex, anatomical changes of the forefoot, joint laxity, overweight, and high-heeled shoes. In a minority of patients, metatarsal pain can be a symptom heralding an early arthritis, a condition sharing some of the previously mentioned risk factors. In this setting, where laboratory examinations and conventional radiography are often silent, MRI could be theoretically of help in the differential diagnosis by investigating synovitis, bone marrow oedema (BME), and erosions. BME, however, may be present also in traumatic, degenerative, and overload-associated conditions, such as osteoarthritis. To our knowledge, data regarding the MRI comparison between degenerative and inflammatory metatarsal pain are scanty. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate if MRI of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints could be useful in the differential diagnosis of mechanical MTP pain as compared to early arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> 10 patients with mechanical MTP pain (9 women, mean age 51.1±12.5 years, disease duration 14.1±12.2 months), without a history or clinical findings suggestive of arthritis or psoriasis were studied. They were compared to 13 patients with early (&lt;6 months) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (11 women, mean age 47.5±17.1 years, disease duration 3.3±2 months), 8 patients with long-standing RA (7 women, mean age 57.5±11.7 years, disease duration 40.1±27 months), and 8 patients with seronegative spondyloarthritides (SeS, 6 psoriatic arthritis and 2 reactive arthritis, 5 women, mean age 50.7±9.2, median disease duration 24 months, range 1-216 months). The diagnosis of arthritis was based on the relevant criteria. MRI was performed with a 0.2T extremity dedicated machine (Artoscan C, Esaote, Genova, Italy) using Turbo 3D (erosions) and STIR (synovitis and BME) sequences: Turbo 3D T1-weighted sequences (TR/TE=35/16 ms; matrix=192x160; FOV=140x140; slice thickness 0.8 mm; interslice gap 0 mm) in the coronal plane with subsequent reconstruction of the remaining planes; coronal and axial STIR sequences (TR/TE=1500/24 ms [coronal] and 2400/24 [axial]; matrix=192x160 [coronal] and 192x144 [axial]; FOV=160x160; slice thickness 3 mm [coronal] and 4 mm [axial]; interslice gap 0.3 mm [coronal] and 0.4 mm [axial]). All lesions were scored as present or absent. <h3>Results</h3> Table 1 reports the results of the study. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The only MRI feature differentiating mechanical MTP pain from arthritis was synovitis. BME was significantly more frequent only in established RA. MRI can help in the differential diagnosis between degenerative metatarsal pain and early arthritis because of the increased frequency of synovitis in the latter. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS
Authors: J Vukadinov, N Madle-Samardzija, M Bogdanović, J Jovanović, K Knezević, T Preveden
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Erroneous Interpretation of Valid Experimental Observations Through Interference by the LDH Virus
Authors: Vernon Riley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Erroneous Interpretation of Valid Experimental Observations Through Interference by the LDH Virus Get access Vernon Riley Vernon Riley Pacific Northwest Research Foundation and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98104 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 5, May 1974, Pages 1673–1677, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.5.1673 Published: 01 May 1974
Balancing the Possible Effectiveness of Postoperative Radiotherapy for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Against the Possible Detriment of Radiation-Induced Toxicity
Authors: James A. Bonner, Sandra A. Tincher, John B. Fiveash
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools EDITORIAL Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.19.3905 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11579109 Balancing the Possible Effectiveness of Postoperative Radiotherapy for Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Against the Possible Detriment of Radiation-Induced Toxicity James A. BonnerxJames A. BonnerSearch for articles by this author , Sandra A. TincherxSandra A. TincherSearch for articles by this author , John B. FiveashxJohn B. FiveashSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.19.3905 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Sleep EEG findings in depressed children and adolescents
Authors: G J Emslie, H P Roffwarg, A J Rush, W A Weinberg, L Parkin-Feigenbaum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Sleep polysomnographic data on 17 juveniles (age 9 to 14) with major depression revealed abnormalities similar to those in depressed adults.
Safety and Efficacy of Durvalumab (MEDI4736), an Anti–Programmed Cell Death Ligand-1 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Urothelial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Christophe Massard, Michael S. Gordon, Sunil Sharma, Saeed Rafii, Zev A. Wainberg, Jason Luke, Tyler J. Curiel, Gerardo Colon-Otero, Omid Hamid, Rachel E. Sanborn, Peter H. O’Donnell, Alexandra Drakaki, Winston Tan, John F. Kurland, Marlon C. Rebelatto, Xiaoping Jin, John A. Blake-Haskins, Ashok Gupta, Neil H. Segal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

To investigate the safety and efficacy of durvalumab, a human monoclonal antibody that binds programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), and the role of PD-L1 expression on clinical response in patients with advanced urothelial bladder cancer (UBC).
Prenatal Diagnosis of Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Haig H. Kazazian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Prenatal diagnosis of severe genetic disorders, such as Down's syndrome and Tay-Sachs disease, has helped many couples at high risk of conceiving a defective child to have normal children. These diagnoses have depended upon ability to obtain amniotic fluid by mid-trimester amniocentesis and to grow in cell culture the sloughed fetal cells contained therein. Since biochemical markers present in skin fibroblasts are present in fetal amniotic cells, diseases with biochemical defects expressed in skin cells are amenable to diagnosis. No such procedure is possible with the hemoglobins. To study hemoglobin gene expression, one needs erythroid cells; other somatic cells will . . .
THU0122 A Tailored Telemonitoring Tight Control Strategy for Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis. is More Effective than Usual Care Treatment in Daily Clinical Practice?
Authors: F. Salaffi, M. Carotti, A. Ciapetti, M. Di Carlo, M. Gutierrez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether an intensive treatment strategy in early rheumatoid arthritis (ERA), by an internet-based home tailored telemonitoring tight control (TTTC) protocol is more effective than treatment according to usual care in reaching remission and comprehensive disease control (CDC) after 1 year [1, 2]. Additionally we evaluated the patients9 satisfaction with the technological device. <h3>Methods</h3> Two ERA cohorts were compared. In the TTTC cohort (n=21), a regular evaluation guided by a remote approach of disease activity was applied, according to a CDAI-driven step-up treatment strategy. Patients in the usual-care cohort (n=20) were treated without a CDAI-guided strategy, so treatment decision were made according to the discretion of the rheumatologist. Primary outcome measures were the proportion of patients in remission (CDAI &lt;2.8) and the achievement of comprehensive disease control (CDC). Secondary endpoints were the 1-year area under the curve (AUC) of CDAI minor, moderate and major response cutpoints. Further we reported the results in terms on patients9 satisfaction with the technological device. <h3>Results</h3> A higher percentage of patients in the TTTC group achieved CDAI remission versus patients in usual care (38.1% vs 25% at year 1, p&lt;0.01). Time to achieve remission (CDAI&lt;2.8) was significantly shorter in the TTTC group than in the usual-care group, with a median of 20 weeks versus a median over 36 weeks (p&lt;0.001). Concordantly, the patients followed for one year in tight control showed a greater improvement (p&lt;0.001) compared with the usual care group in terms of clinical activity (38.1% vs. 25%), functional impairment (71.4% vs. 35%) and radiological damage progression (23.8% vs. 10%), resulting in a greater rate of CDC (19.4% vs. 5%). Moreover was found high satisfaction among the vast majority of respondents. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This preliminary study demonstrates that an intensive internet-based home TTTC is more effective in reaching remission and CDC than the usual care. Moreover it is higly accepted by the patients. Larger studies with rigorous designs are needed to get better evidence on the effects of telemedicine interventions on health, satisfaction with care and costs. <h3>References</h3> Schipper LG, Vermeer M, Kuper HH, et al. A tight control treatment strategy aiming for remission in early rheumatoid arthritis is more effective than usual care treatment in daily clinical practice: a study of two cohorts in the Dutch Rheumatoid Arthritis Monitoring registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71(6): 845-50. Emery P, Kavanaugh A, Bao Y, et al. Comprehensive disease control (CDC): wath does achieving CDC mean for patients with rheumatoid arthritis? Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 205302 [Epub ahead of print]. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Psychoses following therapeutic abortion
Authors: J G Spaulding, J O Cavenar
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The literature concerning therapeutic abortion suggests that there are few significant psychiatric sequelae of the procedure among women with no previous psychiatric history, and when emotional disturbances do result, they are related to the patient's environment rather than the termination itself. However, 2 case reports are presented in which the patients functioned normally before the abortion but subsequently experienced psychoses precipitated by guilt over the procedure. Both women experienced visual hallucinations and the psychotic thought processes around the time they would have delivered, and had to be hospitalized. These cases suggest that the rationalization and intellectualization of the abortion experience may not constitute adequate defenses aginst guilt, and point to the necessity of physician awareness that the abortion procedure may produce morbidity.
PWE-072 Long-term outcome of endoscopic dilatation in patients with crohn’s anastomotic strictures is affected by disease activity and medical therapy
Authors: N Ding, WM Yip, B Saunders, S Thomas-Gibson, A Humphries, A Hart
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A clinically relevant stricture is usually defined as a luminal narrowing with pre-stenotic dilatation and obstructive symptoms. Surgical resection is an effective treatment for Crohn’s anastomotic strictures, however disease recurrence after 15 years is more than 50%, often with the need for a further resection.<sup>1</sup>The long-term outcome of endoscopic balloon dilatation is unclear as most cohorts have a follow-up time of less than 3 years. <h3>Method</h3> All endoscopic balloon dilatations performed at a single centre for patients with anastomotic Crohn’s strictures between 2004–2009 were retrospectively reviewed with the aim of collecting long-term follow up data. The stricture length, signs of disease activity and evidence of upstream dilatation were assessed from imaging. Clinical data on medical therapy and escalation to anti-TNF or thiopurines was obtained. Endoscopic data including disease activity, balloon size and therapeutic success, along with histological reports were recorded. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 54 patients were identified with a median age of 52 years (46–62). The median follow-up period was 6.48 years (5.34–7.42) with a disease duration of 28 years (19–32). Stricture length at cross-sectional imaging was described in all cases with a median of 20 mm (10–30) with features of active mucosal inflammation at the anastomosis in 38/54(70%) and upstream dilatation in 25/54(46%). At the time of endoscopy, active disease was described in 37/54(68%) of cases, a median balloon dilatation of 15 mmHg was used to achieve therapeutic success in 48/54 (89%). 10/54(18%) subsequently required surgical resection. The median number of dilatations was 2(1–9) with a time to repeat dilatation of 23 months (7.2–56.9) with 31/44 (70%) of patients being managed endoscopically requiring repeat dilatations. There was one perforation which resulted in a resection of the anastomosis and temporary ileostomy. Active disease at time of first endoscopy (p = 0.049) and stricture length &gt;20 mm (p = 0.015) predicted need for repeat dilatations (Table 1). Furthermore, escalation of medical therapy to either azathioprine or anti-TNF appeared to delay time to further dilatation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> At long term follow-up, 18% of patients required surgical resection. 32% of patients were well with no further endoscopic intervention required. 68% required intercurrent endoscopic dilatations. This is the longest follow-up period in the literature and demonstrates that the effects can be durable if patients have escalation in medical therapy to thiopurine or anti-TNF and avoidance of surgery is possible in a group of patients with anastomotic strictures. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Predictability of the postoperative course of CD. Gastroent. 1990;99:956
Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 promotes angiotensin II sensitivity in preeclampsia
Authors: Suzanne D. Burke, Zsuzsanna K. Zsengellér, Eliyahu V. Khankin, Agnes S. Lo, Augustine Rajakumar, Jennifer J. DuPont, Amy McCurley, Mary E. Moss, Dongsheng Zhang, Christopher D. Clark, Alice Wang, Ellen W. Seely, Peter M. Kang, Isaac E. Stillman, Iris Z. Jaffe, S. Ananth Karumanchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy in which patients develop profound sensitivity to vasopressors, such as angiotensin II, and is associated with substantial morbidity for the mother and fetus. Enhanced vasoconstrictor sensitivity and elevations in soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFLT1), a circulating antiangiogenic protein, precede clinical signs and symptoms of preeclampsia. Here, we report that overexpression of sFlt1 in pregnant mice induced angiotensin II sensitivity and hypertension by impairing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation and promoting oxidative stress in the vasculature. Administration of the NOS inhibitor l-NAME to pregnant mice recapitulated the angiotensin sensitivity and oxidative stress observed with sFlt1 overexpression. Sildenafil, an FDA-approved phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor that enhances NO signaling, reversed sFlt1-induced hypertension and angiotensin II sensitivity in the preeclampsia mouse model. Sildenafil treatment also improved uterine blood flow, decreased uterine vascular resistance, and improved fetal weights in comparison with untreated sFlt1-expressing mice. Finally, sFLT1 protein expression inversely correlated with reductions in eNOS phosphorylation in placental tissue of human preeclampsia patients. These data support the concept that endothelial dysfunction due to high circulating sFLT1 may be the primary event leading to enhanced vasoconstrictor sensitivity that is characteristic of preeclampsia and suggest that targeting sFLT1-induced pathways may be an avenue for treating preeclampsia and improving fetal outcomes.
Chronic hashish use and mental disorder
Authors: C Stefanis, A Liakos, J Boulougouris, M Fink, A M Freedman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors compared 47 long-term users of hashish with a control group of 40 subjects matched for age, ethnic origin, education, etc., in order to determine whether they differed significantly on psychiatric, physical health, and demographic variables. There was a significantly higher incidence of personality disorders, unemployment, and prison sentences in the group of chronic users. However, in contrast to the findings of other researchers, the hashish users did not have organic psychoses, nor did they differ from control subjects in neurologic signs or EEG and echo encephalogram patterns.
Monitoring HIV epidemiology using assays for recent infection: where are we?
Authors: F Barin, A Nardone
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Although all the assays for recent infections have shown limitations, they have been already used in many circumstances to estimate either HIV incidence or, at least, the proportion of recent infection in various populations. Even if they cannot be recommended for routine use worldwide because of insufficient data on their performance to provide precise incidence in different populations, a few studies have already illustrated their usefulness.
AB0034 Igg Subclass Composition of Autoantibodies to Two Novel Peptides in Early and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: L. De Winter, D.H. Quaden, W. Hansen, J. Lenaerts, P. Geusens, P. Stinissen, V. Somers
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Previously, we identified autoantibodies to novel University of Hasselt (UH) peptides in early and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA)<sup>1</sup>. Autoantibody responses against two of these peptides, UH-RA.1 and UH-RA.21, were validated in two large European cohorts (Hasselt University (UH) and Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic cohorts), resulting in the identification of 18-22% of RF-negative and ACPA-negative RA patients and up to one third of early RA patients. Since all immunoglobulins (Ig) exert different effector functions, either pro- or anti-inflammatory, investigating these Ig isotypes and subclasses can provide insight into the underlying complex humoral immune responses. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our primary aim is to study the isotype composition of the autoantibody response against novel peptides in RA. Here we report the IgG subclasses for the anti-UH-RA.1 and anti-UH-RA.21 antibody responses. <h3>Methods</h3> We selected all UH-RA.1 and UH-RA.21 IgG positive RA patients, and rheumatic and healthy controls from previous validation screenings on the UH cohort for further study of the IgG subclass distribution (IgG1-4): for UH-RA.1 we screened 18 RA patients and 10 controls, for UH-RA.21 53 RA patients and 19 controls. Additionally, similar numbers of UH-RA.1 and UH-RA.21 IgG negative samples were tested. Determination of target-specific IgG and its subclasses was performed by an in-house peptide ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> Isotyping of the autoantibodies against UH-RA.1 revealed that most patients had IgG3, except for one RA patient, which presented with IgG1. Another RA patient also carried IgG2. Antibodies against UH-RA.21 showed a more diverse isotype distribution: IgG2 and IgG3 were most represented as they were found in 60% and 31%, respectively, of the antibody positive samples. To a lesser extent, IgG1 and IgG4 were also present (11% and 4%, respectively). Similar IgG subclass patterns were observed in RA patients and controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Upon isotyping anti-UH-RA.1 antibodies, we observed that the vast majority of the patients had IgG3. For anti-UH-RA.21 antibodies, the predominant IgG subclasses are IgG2 and IgG3. As IgG3 is a well-known activator of the complement cascade, these antibodies could have pathogenic potential. Pro- and anti-inflammatory effector functions of these IgG subclass antibodies, together with the target-specific IgA and IgM isotypes, will be further investigated in order to prove their pathologic relevance. Additionally, we will evaluate whether differential isotype distribution among patients and controls might be of added diagnostic or prognostic value. <h3>References</h3> Somers K, et al. J Autoimmun 2011 Feb;36(1):33-46. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared