tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-01-13: The Clinical Role and Cost Effectiveness of Breast-Specific Gamma Imaging (BSGI) in the Management of Patients with Negative or Indeterminate Mammographic and Sonographic Findings and an Unresolved Diagnostic Concern
Authors: BH Ward, M Bohm-Velez, D Kieper, TS Chang, MR. Straka
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: BSGI is a molecular imaging technique increasingly used to aid in the management of patients with negative or indeterminate mammograms and an unresolved clinical concern such as indeterminate densities, new vague calcifications, bloody nipple discharge, focal breast pain or palpable masses; especially in those of elevated risk and patients with dense breast tissue. Purpose: This study examines the role and cost effectiveness of BSGI in providing additional information when conventional imaging is indeterminate and greater confidence is required to improve diagnostic accuracy. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of patients in our practice for whom BSGI was recommended due to an unresolved clinical concern following negative (BI-RADS 1 or2), indeterminate (BI-RADS 0 or 3), or discordant findings on mammography (MMG) or ultrasound (US). For all modalities, the radiologist had the patient's history and imaging studies available to them at the time of interpretation. BSGI studies were classified as negative (BI-RADS 0-3) or positive (BI-RADS 4-5). Biopsy or follow up imaging was performed as recommended by the radiologist. Pathology or 6 month follow up imaging was used as the gold standard and were classified as negative (benign pathology or no evidence of malignancy on follow up imaging) or positive (biopsy proven cancer). Results: There were 95 patients with 102 regions of concern, yielding 15 biopsy proven malignant lesions and 87 benign findings on pathology or follow up imaging. BSGI was positive in 12 malignant and 33 benign lesions and negative in 54 benign lesions, yielding a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 62%. The negative predictive value of BSGI in this population was 95%. Conclusion: BSGI contributed significantly to patient management by detecting cancer in 12 of the 95 patients (12.6%). The Medicare reimbursement rate for BSGI in our area is $203.26. Therefore the cost per cancer diagnosis in this population was approximately $1,608.35. If these patients had been sent for breast MRI, $1,026.38 Medicare locally, the cost per diagnosis would rise to $8,129.07. BSGI is a useful, cost effective, complimentary tool in the diagnostic work up of patients when a diagnostic concern remains after negative or indeterminate conventional imaging. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-13.
High Sensitivity and Specificity of Digital Infrared Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection in Younger Women Undergoing Breast Biopsy.
Authors: G. Wishart, M. Campisi, D. Chapman, V. Shackleton, S. Iddles, A. Hallett, P. Britton
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background and aim: Recent published evidence suggests that digital infrared breast scanning may be a useful adjunctive tool for breast cancer detection. In this study we have assessed the effectiveness of digital infrared imaging captured using Sentinel BreastScan (Infrared Sciences Corp., Bohemia, NY, USA) and compared the computer-generated reports from this system with expert manual review of the images as well as a new software programme currently under development called NoTouch BreastScan.Methods: A total of 100 patients scheduled for breast biopsy (n=106), following detection of an abnormality via clinical examination or breast imaging were recruited to this research ethics committee-approved study. After obtaining informed consent all patients were imaged using Sentinel BreastScan, prior to their scheduled biopsy procedure in the Cambridge Breast Unit. The data for each patient was analysed in four different ways for comparison with final pathology findings as follows: 1. Sentinel screening report (score 0 = normal, 1-5 = abnormal); 2.Sentinel neural network (positive or negative); 3. Independent expert review (positive or negative); 4. NoTouch BreastScan artificial intelligence (score 0-3 = normal, 4-10 abnormal).Results: Sensitivity for the whole group using Sentinel screening (53%) and neural network (48%) was low compared to recently published data (97%), expert review (78%) and NoTouch (70%).Sensitivity and specificity results for NoTouch BreastScan by age group are shown in table1Sensitivity and specificity results for NoTouch BreastScan by age group &amp;lt;50 years, n=2150-70 years, n=73&amp;gt;70 years, n=12All patients, n=106Sensitivity78%72%42%70%Specificity75%37%N/A48% Conclusion: This study confirms acceptable sensitivity (72%) for breast cancer detection using NoTouch BreastScan in women under 70 years of age despite the data being captured with Sentinel. This sensitivity increases to 78% for women &amp;lt;50 years old and is combined with a marked increase in specificity (75%) in this group. These encouraging figures may increase even further when data is captured by the NoTouch software and studies are ongoing with this novel imaging system. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5025.
AB0661 Impact of whole-body cryotherapy on transcriptome of peripheral blood cells in patients with fibromyalgia
Authors: S. Drynda, O. Mika, D. Koczan, J. Kekow
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In several studies an effect of whole-body cryotherapy (WBCT) on pain relief and reduction of inflammatory symptoms has been demonstrated and it is recommended for the treatment of arthritis, fibromyalgia and ankylosing spondylitis. The mode of action of this therapy, which consists in a brief exposure to temperatures between -110 and -160°C in special cryochambers, has not been fully elucidated. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in the gene expression pattern in cells from peripheral blood of patients with fibromyalgia going through a series of three exposures to WBCT within three days. <h3>Methods</h3> Ten patients with fibromyalgia (9 female/1 male, mean age 48.7 (9.8) years) were included in the study and underwent 3 exposures to WBCT in a cryochamber system with 3 chambers (10 seconds at -10°C, 10 seconds at -60°C and for maximum 3 minutes at -110°C) at 3 consecutive days. The mean pain intensity (VAS in mm) before start of WBCT treatment was 61. Blood was collected immediately prior to (baseline) and directly after the first exposure to WBCT and after the third exposure using PAXgene™ RNA tubes. Total RNA was extracted with the PAXgene Blood RNA kit, no globin reduction protocol was applicated. Transcriptome analysis was performed using Affymetrix GeneChip(®) Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays. Data were analysed using the Partek Genomic Suite 6.6 Software. <h3>Results</h3> All 10 patients tolerated the application of the WBCT well and reported to benefit from this treatment. The mean pain intensity (VAS in mm) reduced from 61 at baseline to 36 directly after the third treatment in the cryochamber. Repeated exposure to WBCT caused statistically significant (p&lt;0.05) greater than 1.2 fold up-regulation and &lt;-1.2 fold down-regulation in expression (relative to baseline) of 90 out of 33,297 sequences.(72 down-regulated, 18 up-regulated). 34 of these transcripts were found significantly changed already early after a single exposure to WBCT. The majority of down-regulated transcripts belongs to the group of small nucleolar RNA (SNORD). An up-regulation was found amongst others for transcripts for PBX1, SFRP2, MAP2K3, and SLC25A39. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We observed significant changes in gene expression early in peripheral blood cells of fibromyalgia patients undergoing a WBCT. Small nucleolar RNAs represent the group with highest number of gene products that appear to be regulated by brief exposures to very cold temperatures. These molecules belong to so-called non-coding RNAs, which are considered as internal signals that control various levels of gene expression in physiology and development and are discussed as regulators of disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Fat Necrosis After Colorectal Surgery Detected with Ga-67 Imaging
Authors: Wan-Yu Lin, Te-Hsin Chao, Shyh-Jen Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine* and Surgery,† Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Received for publication April 26, 2001. Revision accepted January 8, 2002. Correspondence: Wan-Yu Lin, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 160, Taichung Harbor Road, Section 3, Taichung 40705, Taiwan. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 4328: Specific epidermal growth factor receptor autophosphorylation sites promote epithelial cell chemotaxis and restitution
Authors: Toshimitsu Yamaoka, Mark Frey, D.Brent Polk, Yasunari Oki, Yasunori Murata, Tomohide Sugiyama, Sojiro Kusumoto, Hiroo Ishida, Takao Shirai, Masanao Nakashima, Kentaro Okuda, Tsukasa Ohnishi, Takashi Hirose, Tohru Ohmori, Mitsuru Adachi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Cell migration is required for the physiological processes of wound repair, resolution of inflammation, and organogenesis, but is also involved in the pathology of tumor invasion. Thus, investigation of the regulatory mechanisms of cell migration is important for both understanding basic intestinal biology and identifying potential therapeutic targets for disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases and colon cancer. HYPOTHESIS: Upon ligand binding, epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (R) autophosphorylates on c-terminal tyrosines, generating docking sites for signaling partners that stimulate proliferation, restitution, and chemotaxis. Specificity for individual EGFR tyrosines in cellular responses has been hypothesized but not well documented. Here we tested the requirement for particular tyrosines, and associated downstream pathways, in mouse colon epithelial cell chemotactic migration. We compared these requirements to those for the phenotypically distinct restitution (wound healing) migration. METHODS: Wild-type, Y992/1173F, Y1045F, Y1068F, and Y1086F EGFR constructs were expressed in EGFR-/- cells; EGF-induced chemotaxis or restitution were determined by Boyden chamber or modified scratch wound assay, respectively. Pharmacological inhibitors of p38, phospholipase C (PLC), Src, MEK, JNK/SAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase), and protein kinase C (PKC) were used to block EGF-stimulated signaling. Pathway activation was determined by immunoblot analysis. RESULTS: Unlike wild-type EGFR, Y992/1173F and Y1086F EGFR did not stimulate colon epithelial cell chemotaxis towards EGF; Y1045F and Y1068F EGFR partially stimulated chemotaxis. Only wt EGFR promoted colonocyte restitution. Inhibition of p38, PLC, and Src blocked chemotaxis; JNK, PI 3-kinase, and PKC inhibitors blocked restitution but not chemotaxis. All four EGFR mutants stimulated downstream signaling in response to EGF, but Y992/1173F EGFR was partially defective in PLCγ activation while both Y1068F and Y1086F EGFR failed to activate Src. CONCLUSIONS: Specific EGFR tyrosines play key roles in determining cellular responses to ligand. Chemotaxis and restitution, which have different migration phenotypes and physiological consequences, have overlapping but not identical EGFR signaling requirements. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4328. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4328
Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Adipose Tissue Glucose Metabolism in Different Depots in Patients With or Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Prince Dadson, Linda Landini, Mika Helmiö, Jarna C. Hannukainen, Heidi Immonen, Miikka-Juhani Honka, Marco Bucci, Nina Savisto, Minna Soinio, Paulina Salminen, Riitta Parkkola, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Patricia Iozzo, Ele Ferrannini, Pirjo Nuutila
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE We investigated fat distribution and tissue-specific insulin-stimulated glucose uptake (GU) in seven fat compartments (visceral and subcutaneous) and skeletal muscle in morbidly obese patients with (T2D) and without (ND) type 2 diabetes before and 6 months after bariatric surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 23 obese patients (BMI 43.0 ± 3.6 kg/m2; 9 T2D and 14 ND) were recruited from a larger, randomized multicenter SLEEVEPASS study. MRI (for fat distribution) and [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET (for GU) studies were performed for the obese patients before and 6 months postsurgery; 10 lean subjects served as control subjects and were studied once. RESULTS At baseline, visceral fat GU was 30 ± 7% of muscle GU in control subjects and 57 ± 5% in obese patients. Visceral and deep subcutaneous fat were more abundant (despite same total fat mass) and less insulin sensitive in T2D than ND; in both, GU was impaired compared with control subjects. Postsurgery, visceral fat mass decreased (∼40%) more than subcutaneous fat (7%). Tissue-specific GU was improved, but not normalized, at all sites in T2D and ND alike. The contribution of visceral fat to whole-body GU was greater in T2D than ND but decreased similarly with surgery. Subcutaneous fat made a fourfold greater contribution to whole-body GU in obese versus lean subjects (15% vs. 4%) both before and after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery leads to sustained weight loss and improves tissue-specific glucose metabolism in morbidly obese patients. We conclude that 1) enhanced visceral fat accumulation is a feature of T2D, 2) severe obesity compromises muscle insulin sensitivity more than fat insulin sensitivity, and 3) fat mass expansion is a sink for plasma glucose.
S135 Asthma, Occupation and Quality of Life in a historically Industrialised Area of the United Kingdom
Authors: LGB Lewis, A Darby, J Waterhouse, D Fishwick
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Whilst harmful inhaled workplace exposures are known to be associated with either the development or aggravation of asthma, little is known about the specific relationship between asthma, occupational exposures and health-related quality of life. <h3>Methods</h3> Adults aged over 55 years in the Sheffield area of the UK were randomly mailed a self-completed questionnaire (including questions on respiratory symptoms and physician-diagnosed disease, smoking and occupational history); responders were invited to perform lung function (FEV1 and FVC), and to complete the EQ-5D-3L instrument. A measure of socioeconomic deprivation (SED) derived from postal code data was also included. <h3>Results</h3> 623 individuals provided data as detailed above. 57% were male, 62% were “ever smokers”, 13% had an exclusive diagnosis of asthma (without any other respiratory disease) and 62% reported occupational exposure to vapours, gases, dusts or fumes (VGDF). A linear regression analysis was performed using the EQ-5D summary index score as the dependent variable and reported doctor diagnosed asthma, age, gender, percentage predicted FEV1 (PPFEV),smoking history and prior history of VGDF exposure as independent variables. SED (p&lt;0.001), Age (p&lt;0.001), gender (p&lt;0.001) and VGDF exposure (p&lt;0.001) were all independently associated with a lower quality of life. Asthma (p=0.394) and smoking (p=0.541) were not. <h3>Discussion</h3> These data do not support a link between self reported doctor diagnosed asthma and a reduction in quality of life in this population, after correcting for the effects of other relevant factors, although do support a link between occupational exposure to VGDF and a reduced health-related quality of life.
Awareness of breast cancer among women in an urban region of China.
Authors: G Wang, F Tian, L Wang, R Lian, W Zhao, X Liang, J Gao
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2104 Introduction: Even though breast cancer can be cured if detected early and treated appropriately, it remains the most common cause of cancer mortality for women living in some major cities in China. Moreover, the incidence of this disease has increased steadily in China over the last two decades. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the knowledge about breast cancer concerning risk factors, signs and symptoms, effective screening methods, treatment choices and prognosis among native Chinese women.&amp;#x2028; Method: Two hundred and seventy healthy women were invited to complete a self-administered questionnaire in Taiyuan city of China. Participants' characteristics, including age, education, occupation, and awareness of breast cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis were collected and analyzed.&amp;#x2028; Results: Two hundred and thirty nine women had returned the questionnaire. The response rate was 88.5%. The median age of women in this study was 44 years old (range: 25 – 72). Among them, more than one third had received tertiary education, 6.7% had breast cancer family history, and one quarter ever had benign breast disease. Most of the participants (60.3%) did not know how to perform breast self-examination (BSE), whereas 61.5% never did BSE. Only 2.9% of those who had performed BSE did so regularly. As for effective screening methods, more than half of the participants chose clinical breast examination (CBE), and 21.8% regarded mammography as a reliable mean. Most of women considered breast cancer a curable disease and assumed that therapeutic approaches should include surgery, chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, and in some cases, traditional Chinese medicine. Only 8.8% of the participants identified two or more of the eight breast cancer risk factors. The factors mostly identified included breast cancer family history (33.5%), late birth (10%), and early age at menarche (9.6%). The breast cancer signs and symptoms mostly indicated were breast lump (54.4%), breast pain (26.4%), and nipple discharge (23.9%). Women who received high level education appeared to be more likely to perform BSE and possessed more knowledge regarding to breast cancer risk factors and treatment.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: The study indicates that awareness of breast cancer among Chinese women needs to be improved, and that breast cancer early-detection measures needs to be enhanced in China. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2104.
Tl-201 Brain SPECT in Glomus Jugulare Tumor
Authors: Daniela Di Giuda, Venanzio Valenza, Antonello Di Giuda, G De Rossi, Vincenzo David
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

DI GIUDA, DANIELA M.D.; VALENZA, VENANZIO M.D.; DI GIUDA, ANTONELLO M.D.; DE ROSSI, G. M.D.; DAVID, VINCENZO M.D. Author Information
Validity and Sensitivity of an Intravenous Bile Acid Tolerance Test in Patients with Liver Disease
Authors: Nicholas F. LaRusso, Neville E. Hoffman, Alan F. Hofmann, Melvyn G. Korman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

A bile acid tolerance test, which measures the plasma disappearance rate of injected cholyglycine by radioimmunoassay, was studied in 36 patients with biopsy-proved chronic liver disease and compared to fasting-state levels of conjugated cholic acid and other conventional liver tests. In 25 patients in whom one or more of the conventional tests for liver disease showed abnormal results, fasting-state levels of conjugated cholic acid were increased in 20, but plasma disappearance of cholylglycine was delayed in all. Of the 11 other patients in whom conventional tests were within normal limits, fasting-state levels of conjugated cholic acid were increased in three of 10, but cholylglycine disappearance was delayed in nine of 11. The bile acid tolerance test indicated liver disease more sensitively than the fasting-state level of conjugated cholic acid, which, in turn, was more sensitive than other conventional liver tests. (N Engl J Med 292:1209–1214, 1975)
Abstract P2-09-35: Differential Pathologic Response from Primary Systemic Chemotherapy across Breast Cancer Intrinsic Subtypes
Authors: H Jinno, S Matsuda, M Takahashi, T Hayashida, M Sakata, M Mukai, Y. Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: This study's purpose was to evaluate the clinical utility of breast cancer intrinsic subtypes in the prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) in a cohort of breast cancer patients receiving primary systemic chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: Patients with stage II/III breast cancer received 4 cycles of XT (capecitabine 1650 mg/m2 on days 1-14 and docetaxel 60 mg/m2 on day 8 every 3 weeks), followed by 4 cycles of FEC (fluorouracil 500 mg/m2, epirubicin 90 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 on day 1 every 3 weeks). Immunohistochemical analysis of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), HER2, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), cytokeratin (ck) 5/6, and Ki67 was performed in core needle biopsy samples at baseline. Tumors were classified as luminal A (ER+ and/or PgR+, and Ki67&amp;lt;20%), luminal B(ER+ and PgR+, and Ki67≥20%), luminal-HER2 (ER+ and/or PgR+, and HER2+), HER2-enriched (ER-PgR-, and HER2+), or triple-negative (ER-, PgR-, and HER2-). Triple-negative tumors with and without EGFR+ and/or ck 5/6+ were further classified as basal-like and non-basal-like TN (NBTN), respectively. pCR was defined as no microscopic evidence of residual viable tumor cells, invasive or noninvasive, in all resected specimens of the breast. Results: Twenty-six (31.3%) patients were classified as luminal A, 12 (14.5%) were luminal B, 15 (18.1%) were luminal-HER2, 9 (10.8%) were HER2, 10 (12.0%) were basal-like, and 11 (13.3%) were NBTN. The overall response rate was 90.4%, including a complete response in 30 patients and a partial response in 45 patients. The overall pCR rate was 15.5% (12/83). The highest pCR rate (40.0%) was observed in patients with basal-like tumors. In triple-negative patients, basal-like patients showed significantly higher pCR rate than NBTN patients (40.0% vs. 9.1%, p=0.01). There were no cases with pCR in a cohort of luminal-HER2 subtype patients. A higher proportion of luminal B patients had pCR than luminal A patients (25.0% vs. 3.8%, p=0.01). With 33 months median follow-up, estimated 2-year disease-free survival for luminal A, luminal B, luminal-HER2, HER2, basal-like, and NBTN was 80.8%, 83.3%, 66.7%, 88.9%, 80.0%, and 81.8%, respectively. Conclusions: Our data indicate that breast cancer subtypes are useful predictive biomarkers of pCR in breast cancer patients treated with primary systemic chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-35.
Dysphagia as the first manifestation of tuberculosis
Authors: S. Rana, D. Bhasin, V. Sharma, V. Chaudhary, K. Singh
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 38-year-old man presented with progressively increasing mechanical dysphagia associated with anorexia and weight loss. Clinical examination did not reveal any significant findings. The hematological and biochemical investigations were normal. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed at the referring hospital revealed an eccentric ulcerated lesion in the mid esophagus ([Fig. 1]), and the histological examination of endoscopic biopsies was inconclusive.