tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Muramyl Tripeptide Phosphatidylethanolamine Encapsulated in Liposomes Stimulates Monocyte Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1 <i>In Vitro</i>
Authors: Miho Maeda, Rebecca D. Knowles, Eugenie S. Kleinerman
Journal: Cancer Communications (1991)

Muramyl tripeptide phosphatidylethanolamine (MTP-PE), a synthetic lipophilic analogue of muramyl dipeptide (MDP), can be incorporated into the lipid membrane of liposomes. Liposomes containing MTP-PE (L-MTP-PE) stimulated monocytes to selectively kill tumors, but not normal cells in vitro. Furthermore, the activation of monocyte tumoricidal function was demonstrated following the i.v. infusion of L-MTP-PE in a phase I trial with cancer patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which L-MTP-PE activates monocytes. Monocyte tumoricidal function is linked to both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Therefore, normal human monocytes were incubated for various times with L-MTP-PE, empty liposomes, or medium in the presence or absence of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). The supernatants were removed and assayed for TNF and IL-1 using the L929 and D10.G4.1 assays, respectively. TNF was detected after a 4 hr incubation with L-MTP-PE but not with empty liposomes or medium. TNF secretion peaked at 8 hr and was sustained for up to 72 hr. A 4-fold increase in TNF mRNA levels was demonstrated after 8 hr. An increased level of IL-1 beta mRNA was detected after a 4 hr incubation, but only low level IL-1 secretion was detected in monocytes incubated with L-MTP-PE. Adherent monocytes were frozen and thawed to release intracellular IL-1. Intracellular IL-1 was significantly increased in monocytes incubated with L-MTP-PE. Intracellular IL-1 levels peaked by 8 hr and decreased by 72 hr. Activators were then assayed in the presence or absence of IFN-gamma.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A case report of laboratory-acquired diphtheria
Authors: H. K. Geiss, W Kiehl, W Thilo
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

In March 1996, when a 41 year old laboratory technician developed malaise, low grade fever, sore throat, hoarseness and dysphagia she was initially treated symptomatically. One day later, the patient was seen in the emergency room of an ear, nose, and thr
Acquired pulmonary stenosis.
Authors: A J Dalby, R Forman
Journal: BMJ (1979)

variable improvement in mental function, but we do not know which patients (if any) will benefit from them or for how long treatment should continue.Whether a doctor prescribes them or not is therefore largely a matter of temperament.It cannot be overemphasised that drug treatment is only a minor part of the management of dementia.Indeed, by making the doctor feel that he is doing something, the administration of these drugs may actually deflect him from the really important tasks: providing the patient and family with sympathy, practical advice, and social support.13-15
Long-Lasting FDG Uptake in the Muscles After Strenuous Exercise
Authors: Xia Bai, Xiangcheng Wang, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

FDG PET/CT imaging guidelines require avoiding exercise 24 hours before FDG administration. We report here a case of intense skeletal muscle FDG activity in a 15-year-old adolescent boy who had vigorous exercise 4 days before undertaking FDG PET/CT scan.
Phase II trial with Brequinar (DUP-785, NSC 368390) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: A study of the Early Clinical Trials Group of the EORTC
Authors: P.F. Dodion, Th. Wagener, G. Stoter, A. Drozd, L.M. Lev, T. Skovsgaard, J. Renard, F. Cavalli
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1990)
Toward Better School Adaptability: An Early Adolescent Group Therapy Experiment
Authors: Harvey A. Rosenstock, Douglas B. Hansen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors describe an experimental study in which young adolescents with behavior problems in school were given group therapy during school hours. Compared with a control group of problem students who received no therapy, the students who participated in group therapy showed significantly improved behavior on two meas measurements. The authors conclude that in-school group therapy is an effective means of increasing the adaptability of young adolescents with behavior problems to the academic and interpersonal milieu of school.
SAT0577 Comparison Between General Functional Disability and Foot and Ankle Specific Functional Disability in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients
Authors: O. Άlvarez-Calderόn Iglesias, C. Núñez-Cornejo Piquer, J. Ivorra Cortés, E. Grau García, D. Hervás Marín, C.M. Feced Olmos, F.M. Ortiz Sanjuán, I. Martínez Cordellat, I. Chalmeta Verdejo, L. González Puig, R. Negueroles Albuixech, J.L. Valero Sanz, E. Labrador Sánchez, K. Arévalo Ruales, C. Alcañiz Escandell, J.A. Román Ivorra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Psoriatic arthritis (PsoA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can produce varying degrees of functional capacity. High proportion of patients refers affected peripheral joints, being foot and ankle between the locations described. There are many different methods to assess functional disability. To assess the general status of functional disability different questionnaires are available, as “Health Assessment Questionnaire” (HAQ), and to assess functional disability in foot and ankle there are different scores as the “Foot Function Index” (FFI). <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study is to analyze the relation between general functional disability using HAQ and foot and ankle specific functional disability using FFI in psoriatic arthritis patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We included 96 PsoA patients with peripheral affectation from the Rheumatology Department of HUP La Fe, who underwent a functional disability evaluation using the HAQ and FFI questionnaires. A beta regression model was used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> The 96 PsoA patients scored an HAQ average of 0.57 (0-3) and a FFI average of 15.9% (0-100%). There is a statistically significant association (p&lt;0.001) between HAQ and FFI. Furthermore, there is a statistically significant association (p&lt;0.001) among all different subparagraphs of FFI (pain, disability and loss of function) with HAQ. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A strong general status of functional disability is correlated to high functional disability in foot and ankle. We therefore believe that the FFI score is a valid and reliable tool to assess foot and ankle functional disability in PsoA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Giuseppe Gargiulo, Anna Sannino, Davide Capodanno, Marco Barbanti, Sergio Buccheri, Cinzia Perrino, Piera Capranzano, Ciro Indolfi, Bruno Trimarco, Corrado Tamburino, Giovanni Esposito
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

The comparative benefits and harms of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) for patients with aortic stenosis are unclear.To compare clinical outcomes, including early (≤30-day) and midterm (≤1-year) mortality, in adults with severe aortic stenosis undergoing either TAVI or SAVR.MEDLINE, Cochrane, and Scopus databases (without language restrictions) from April 2002 to 5 April 2016; multiple registries and Web sites; scientific meeting presentations.Five randomized trials and 31 observational matched studies comparing mortality outcomes after TAVI or SAVR.Two investigators independently extracted study data and rated risk of bias.16 638 patients were analyzed. Overall, there was no statistically significant difference between TAVI and SAVR in early (odds ratio [OR], 1.01 [95% CI, 0.81 to 1.26]) or midterm (OR, 0.96 [CI, 0.81 to 1.14]) all-cause mortality. Analyses restricted to trials (early: OR, 0.80 [CI, 0.51 to 1.25]; midterm: OR, 0.90 [CI, 0.64 to 1.26]) were inconclusive, with wide CIs, whereas analyses of matched studies were similar to the overall results. Transfemoral TAVI provided mortality benefits over SAVR in trials. Analyses restricted to studies of patients at low to intermediate risk showed statistically nonsignificant reductions in early (OR, 0.67 [CI, 0.42 to 1.07]) and midterm (OR, 0.91 [CI, 0.67 to 1.23]) mortality with TAVI. Incidence of periprocedural myocardial infarction, major bleeding, acute kidney injury, and new-onset atrial fibrillation was lower with TAVI, but risk for pacemaker implantation, vascular complications, and paravalvular leak increased. Overall, there was a statistically nonsignificant increased risk in long-term (2- to 5-year) all-cause mortality with TAVI (OR, 1.28 [CI, 0.97 to 1.69]), whereas long-term mortality outcomes in patients at low to intermediate risk were inconclusive, with wide CIs (OR, 1.06 [CI, 0.59 to 1.91]).The number of trials was limited, and study designs and patient characteristics were heterogeneous.Compared with SAVR, TAVI may have similar or better early and midterm outcomes for adults with aortic stenosis, including those at low to intermediate risk.None.
PWE-039 Malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease: is body mass index enough?: Abstract PWE-039 Table 1
Authors: E Kyriakidou, A Culkin
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Malnutrition in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can occur as a result of poor dietary intake, malabsorption, self-imposed dietary restrictions and treatment. High rates of malnutrition (80%) have previously been described in hospitalised patients with severe active disease.<sup>1</sup>In remission malnutrition is not frequently encountered and one third of patients with Crohn–s Disease are reported to be overweight.<sup>2</sup>The aim of this audit was to assess the nutritional status of IBD patients attending an outpatient clinic in a tertiary referral centre. <h3>Method</h3> This was a prospective audit completed from June–October 2014. All IBD patients were asked to complete a malnutrition screening tool based on national guidelines.<sup>3</sup>Height and weight were measured by nurses and patients were asked to recall any weight loss over the last 3–6 months. Patients were identified as malnourished if they had a body mass index (BMI) &lt;18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, unintentional weight loss &gt;10% within the last 3–6 months, or a BMI &lt;20 kg/m<sup>2</sup>and weight loss &gt;5% over the last 3–6 months. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred patients completed the audit, 58 females and 42 males with a mean age of 47 ± 18 years. Fifty four patients (54%) had Crohn–s Disease, 45 had Ulcerative Colitis (45%) and 1 had Indeterminate Colitis (1%). A third of patients (33%) had undergone surgical resection. Mean weight was 68.2 ± 14.1 kg and mean BMI was 24.4 ± 4.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Thirty eight patients (38%) experienced weight loss over the last 3–6 months. Only 7 patients (7%) were classified as malnourished whereas over a third of patients (37%) had a BMI &gt;25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>similar to previous studies.<sup>4</sup>Of the malnourished patients, 3 had active disease, 2 had undergone a flare up in the last 3–6 months, 1 had short bowel and 1 had chronic fatigue. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A low prevalence of malnutrition was demonstrated in IBD patients based on national guidelines. BMI is a crude measure of nutritional status and does not necessarily exclude malnutrition or changes in body composition. More sensitive measures of nutritional status including skinfold thickness and muscle circumferences are required to identify changes in lean body mass in the context of the obesity epidemic. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Harries and Heatley, Postgrad Med J. 1983;<b>59</b>:690–7 Vadan <i>et al</i>. Clin Nutr. 2011;30:86-91 NICE www.nice.org.uk/CG32 Bin <i>et al</i>. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55:137
Direct Correlation Between Methylation Status and Expression of the Human O-6-MethyIguanine DNA Methyltransferase Gene
Authors: Russell O. Pieper, Joseph F. Costello, Roger A. Kroes, Bernard W. Futscher, Upendra Marathi, Leonard C. Erickson
Journal: Cancer Communications (1991)

To assess the role of DNA cytosine methylation in the expression of the O-6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene, the methylation status of selected CpG-containing dinucleotides in and surrounding the coding regions of the gene were examined and correlated with steady state expression of MGMT mRNA in 13 human cell lines. Additionally, tumor cells which exhibited very high levels of MGMT expression were chronically exposed to 5-azacytidine to assess the effects of changes in gene methylation on MGMT expression. Results of these studies demonstrate that the degree of methylation of multiple MGMT gene regions correlates with gene expression, but in a direct rather than an inverse fashion, and that 5-azacytidine-induced demethylation of the MGMT gene correlates with a significant reduction, rather than induction, of MGMT steady-state mRNA expression. These results suggest a unique, potentially alterable methylation-related regulatory mechanism for the MGMT gene.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Authors: I C Goldstein, A I Dragon
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Updated longitudinal data on acute exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B in patients with breast cancer receiving anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy: Therapeutic versus preemptive use of lamivudine.
Authors: B. Sohn, J. Ahn, K. Jung, G. Gong, S. Ahn, S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

Background: Following our previous report on acute exacerbation (AE) of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyline-based adjuvant chemotherapy (Kim MK et al, Kor J of Int Med 2007), updated longitudinal data were analyzed focusing on therapeutic and preemptive use of lamivudine. Methods: Records of 3,259 patients at Asan Medical Center between Aug 2001 and Nov 2009 were reviewed. The level of ALT was graded by CTCAE version 3.0. Hepatitis by HBV reactivation was defined as a ≥ 10-fold increase in HBV DNA level compared with baseline or an absolute increase of >105 copies/mL. Results: Total 169 patients with positive HBsAg at the start of adjuvant chemotherapy were chosen. Overall, 19 (14.8%) of 128 patients without lamivudine prophylaxis (LP), and 2 (4.9%) of 41 with LP experienced AE of CHB during adjuvant chemotherapy. The old age (≥55) was the only significant predictive factor for AE of CHB (p=0.040) with multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Preemptive use of lamivudine in patients with breast cancer receiving adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy could reduce the incidence of Gr 3, 4 elevated ALT and hepatitis flare-up. The age (≥55) at the initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy was an independent factor to predict AE of CHB. Patient characteristics and features of hepatitis Lamivudine−N=128 (%) Lamivudine +N=41 (%) p value Median age 46 48 NS Chemotherapy NS AC 82 (64.1) 21 (51.2) AC+T 46 (35.9) 20 (48.8) Median ALT 18 18 NS Median total bilirubin 0.7 0.8 NS Level of ALT 0.023 Gr 1,2 21 (16.4) 10 (24.4) Gr 3,4 24 (18.8) 2 (4.9) Type of hepatitis (> 3X ULN) 0.005 HBV related 19 (14.8) 2 (4.9) 0.108 (0.047)* Nonviral, toxic 23 (18.0) 1 (2.4) 0.010 Onset (after cycle) 4 (1–8) 4 (1–8) NS Time to resolution (days) 35 (5–179) 7 (2–753) NS Treatment interruption NS > 1 wks of delay 20 (15.6) 4 (9.8) Discontinuation 12 (9.4) 1 (2.4) * If excluding one lamivudine-resistant strain (M204V/I, L180M). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Newer-Generation HSP90 Inhibitors Can Overcome Ibrutinib Resistance and Suppress Proliferation in Human Mantle Cell Lymphoma in Vitro and in Vivo
Authors: Nadja Kopp, Sebastian Tschuri, Sarah Haebe, Diederik van Bodegom, Liat Bird, Amanda L. Christie, Amy Saur, Alexandra N. Christodoulou, Trevor Tivey, Andrew L Kung, Oliver Weigert, David Weinstock
Journal: Blood (2014)
Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia
Authors: Bülent Kayahan, Ozgür Oztürk, Baybars Veznedaroğlu
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Schizophrenia and obsesive compulsive disorder (OCD) are among the oldest described psychiatric disorders. Although they appear to be two distinct psychiatric disorders, early literature about the existence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia dates back to the 1920's. The findings that atypical antipsychotics exacerbate obsessive-compulsive symptoms among schizophrenic patients and the emergence of a possible biological relation between the two diseases increased interest in this subject. Until the 1990's information about the aetiology of obsessive-compulsive symptoms which are observed in about 60% of schizophrenic patients, was insufficient. Recently there has been progress in explaining the structural and functional abnormalities in both OCD and schizophrenia. Knowledge of the cortico-subcortical circuits might explain the co-incidence of symptomatology in the two disorders. It is shown that there is prefrontal cortex dysfunction in both disorders but the bases of dysfunctions are distinct from each other. These dyfunctions derive from two different neuro-anatomical systems partially connected with each other and with different neuro-anatomical connections. It is suggested that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPC) dysfunction occurs in schizophrenia and ventro-medial prefrontal cortex dysfunction (VMPC) in OCD. In this review, the incidence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia, their effect on the disorder, the features of the schizo-obsessive patient group and the mechanism of how atypical antipsychotics exacerbate obsessive compulsive symptoms are discussed. Thus, we aimed to highlight the neurobiologic heterogeneity and phenomenology of schizophrenic disorder.
Case 32-1982
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, F. Henry Ellis, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Presentation of CaseA 65-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of dysphagia.He was well until 16 months earlier, when he began to have difficulty in swallowing both solid and liquid food, accompanied by nausea and regurgitation 20 to 30 minutes after eating. A physician found anemia and prescribed iron. An upper gastrointestinal series was attempted, but the patient was unable to retain barium. Ten months before admission an upper gastrointestinal series (Fig. 1) showed a "corkscrew" esophagus, with marked dilatation and absent relaxation at the gastroesophageal junction, believed consistent with achalasia. Endoscopic examination and bougienage were performed . . .
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the lung:a single institution experience in the era of molecular testing.
Authors: Kamal Kishore Mandalapu, Ryan Patrick Griffin, Marc Ryan Matrana
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e18518 Background: Adenosquamous carcinoma (ADS) lung is rare subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that compromises 0.4-4% of all lung cancers and is thought to carry a worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma (AD) or squamous cell carcinoma (SC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) mutations have been observed in patients (pts) with this rare subtype. However, the frequency of testing these mutations in ADS lung is unknown, as are many of its characteristics and outcomes Methods: We retrospectively identified all pts seen in our oncology clinic for ADS during the last 10 years (1/1/2005 - 1/1/2015). Overall survival (OS) was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods Results: 16 pts were identified, median age at diagnosis was 71y (52-85y), 63% male, 81% had a smoking history, 87% had ECOG performance status 0-1. 37% had Stage I, 18% had stage II, 18% had stage III and 25% had stage IV disease at diagnosis, 13% developed metastatic disease after treatment for stage III disease. 75% of pts diagnosed with metastatic disease after 2012 were tested for EGFR and ALK, while none diagnosed prior to 2012 were tested. All pts were negative for EGFR and ALK mutations. All pts with Stage I and II received only surgery; pts with stage III got multimodality treatment with chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery. All the pts with metastatic disease received chemotherapy, with regimens similar to those for AD or SC of lung. The median OS for pts with localized disease was 48.3 months (48.0- NA). The median OS for pts with metastatic disease was 5.4 months (2.3-9.2). Conclusions: Our small analysis showed that pts with localized ADS of lung had similar outcomes to those of historical pts with localized AD or SC of the lung. However, pts with metastatic ADS of the lung had worse outcomes than historical pts with metastatic AD or SC of the lung even with similar chemotherapy regimens. Few pts had EGFR and ALK testing, but this is becoming more routine
Establishment in culture and characterization of a strain with mast cell and monocytic properties from the bone marrow of a child with diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis
Authors: SA Krilis, SG Warneford, J Macpherson, S Kyradji, L Dalla-Pozza, A Kemp, R Mitchell, CN Chesterman, PB Rowe, G Symonds
Journal: Blood (1991)
Pseudodementia and physical findings masking significant psychopathology
Authors: M I Good
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

In a study of 53 medical-surgical patients who were in extended care and were consecutively referred for psychiatric evaluation, 7 (13%) of the patients had been considered to have unequivocal dementia, yet 3 of them (6% of the total or 43% of those considered demented) were found to have a false-dementing psychiatric disorder. Physical findings contributed to masking the psychopathology, which included psychotic depression with the Ganser symptom in 2 patients and hysterical pseudodementia with depression in 1 patient. Criteria that have been recommended to differentiate pseudodementia from dementia could lead to misdiagnosis in the type of case described, which suggests the need for a typology of depressive pseudodementia.