tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
18F-FDG PET/CT in Multisystem Sjögren Syndrome
Authors: Punit Sharma, Piyali Chatterjee
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease affecting exocrine glands, mostly lacrimal and salivary glands. Rarely, extraglandular sites such as skin, lung, kidneys, and nervous system may be involved. F-FDG PET/CT can be employed in SS for assessment of disease activity and for exclusion of lymphoma. We here present the case of a 61-year-old woman with SS where multisystem involvement was demonstrated on F-FDG PET/CT.
Psychosocial outcome after coronary artery surgery
Authors: M J Gundle, B R Reeves, S Tate, D Raft, L P McLaurin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

To describe psychosocial adaptation after coronary artery surgery and to identify preoperative factors associated with good outcome, the authors interviewed 30 patients before and 1--2 years after surgery. Despite good physiologic outcome (as measured by treadmill and cardiac function) this sample was found to be functioning poorly. Eighty-three percent were unemployed, and 57% were sexually impaired. A preoperative duration of symptoms of eight months or more was associated with significantly worse postoperative overall adaptation. Most patients who had suffered angina eight months or longer evidenced a damaged self-concept, which was reinforced rather than repaired by the experience of surgery.
Case 31-2004
Authors: T. Bernard Kinane, Sjirk J. Westra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

A four-year-old boy was found to be hypoxemic during a febrile illness. On examination, there was clubbing of the fingers and toes; imaging studies disclosed no pulmonary infiltrates. A perfusion scan of the lungs showed a right-to-left shunt. A diagnostic test was performed.
MS-17 * PRIMARY LEPTOMENINGEAL PRIMITIVE NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR
Authors: O. M. Maher, D. I. Sandberg, G. Kannan, S. McGovern, L. Ketonen, S. Khatua, W. Zaky
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Isolated primary leptomeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) without intraparenchymal lesion is very rare and to-date few case reports have been published. We report a rare case of leptomeningeal PNET and highlight its neuroimaging features, outcome and literature review. DESIGN AND METHODS: A medline search was conducted for queries including “Children”, “PNET”, leptomeningeal involvement”. Relevant papers were selected for review. CASE REPORT: A 5-year-old female presented with 4-month history of continuous vomiting and repeated headache. CT scan demonstrated communicating hydrocephalus. External ventricular drain was place to relieve the intracranial pressure. An MRI of the brain and the spine showed diffuse leptomeningeal infiltration of the brain and the spinal cord with contrast enhancement. Lumbar cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed elevated protein but no malignant cells. Pathology of the leptomeningeal biopsywas consistent with neuroepithelial neoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains revealed tumor cells strongly positive for synaptophysin and CD56, retained INI-1, but negative for CD99. Cytogenetical analysis revealed absence of EWS translocation and a diagnosis of primary leptomeningeal PNET was established. Patient received radiation therapy with 36 Gy to the craniospinal axis, concomitantly with vincristine and carboplatin . Follow-up brain and spine MRI showed near complete resolution of the leptomeningeal disease. Family opted not to pursue any therapy and she remains alive with residual disease 8 months since diagnosis. DISCUSSION: Leptomeningeal PNET carries poor prognosis with most patients succumbing to their disease. There are seven case reports in the literature with dismal outcome with survival range from 2 weeks to thirteen months post diagnosis .Rarity of this clinical entity had hindered profiling therapeutic guidelines. Prospective studies are needed to understand if the elusive molecular biology of this rare disease differs from other central PNET. This could help in strategizing optimal therapy and provide a meaningful improvement in the survival of these children.
Oral idarubicin and prednisone for advanced, previously untreated, multiple myeloma: A pilot study
Authors: S. Brugnatelli, A. Riccardi, G. Ucci, M. Petrini, M. Giordano, L. Barbarano, C. Bergonzi, A. De Paoli, L. Cavanna, E. Ascari
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1996)
TCT-16 Renal Artery Nerve Distribution and Density in the Porcine Model: Biological Implications for the Development of Radiofrequency Ablation Therapies
Authors: Armando Tellez, Serge Rousselle, William Rate, Joan Wicks, Will Grundy, Taylor Palmieri, Samantha Stone, Piotr Buszman, Maxwell Afari, Greg Kaluza, Juan Granada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Intermittent Intravenous Therapy
Authors: Stanford Wessler, Wayne R. Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

A PRELIMINARY report in 19541 described the successful use of a new method for the administration of heparin through an indwelling venous catheter that eliminated the need for repeated venipunctures. The efficacy and safety of this method have now been studied in 269 medical and surgical patients who received heparin or a wide variety of other medications by this technic. The present communication summarizes this entire experience.Method§Polyethylene tubing, in 15-cm. lengths and 0.965 mm. in external diameter,¶ was filled with a solution of 1:1000 benzalkonium chloride (Zephiran Chloride) and immersed in sterile test tubes filled with the same . . .
S29 Assessing the educational impact of pulmonary rehabilitation in non-COPD patients using the lung information needs questionnaire
Authors: R. P. Fowler, D. Ardelean, K. I. Ingram, A. L. Clark, P. L. Marns, S. S. C. Kon, J. L. Canavan, W. D-C Man
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> There is increasing evidence to suggest that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) improves exercise capacity, health status and dyspnoea in non-COPD chronic respiratory disease patients. However it is not clear how to assess the education component of PR on these patients. The Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ) is a self-complete tool, which assesses, from the patient9s perspective, the information they need to adequately understand their lung disease and to maximise their self-management skills. This has been validated in COPD patients (Hyland <i>et al, Resp Med</i> 2006), and improves significantly with PR in COPD (Jones <i>et al, Resp Med</i> 2008). We hypothesised that the LINQ would also be sensitive to change with PR in non-COPD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> In 77 non-COPD patients referred to the Harefield Pulmonary Rehabilitation programme, the LINQ and other measures (incremental shuttle walk, Hospital Anxiety Depression scale and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire) were measured pre- and post-PR. A group of 128 COPD patients completing PR at the same time acted as controls. Within group pre- to post- PR changes in mean LINQ score were compared using paired t tests. Between group changes were compared using unpaired t tests. <h3>Results</h3> The composition of the non-COPD group comprised 31 interstitial lung disease, 15 asthma, 16 bronchiectasis, 7 post-lung cancer surgery, and 8 extra-thoracic restriction patients. PR improved mean (SD) LINQ score from 10.34 (3.71) to 5.53 (2.91) (95% CI −4.01 to −5.60; p&lt;0.001) in the non-COPD group with large effect size (t=12.07, df=75, r=0.81). Pre- to post-PR changes in LINQ were not significantly different between non-COPD and COPD patients (95% CI −1.45 to 0.70; p=0.49). ISW, HAD-A, HAD-D and CRDQ all significantly improved with PR in the non-COPD group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The LINQ is sensitive to change after PR in non-COPD patients, and may be a useful tool to assess the educational needs of non-COPD patients.
P704 CLINICAL COURSE AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS E INFECTION IN PATIENTS AFTER SOLID ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: E. Halilbasic, L. Kazemi-Shirazi, K. Staufer, P. Munda, C.J. Müller, H. Holzmann, P. Jaksch, W. Klepetko, M. Trauner, H. Hofer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Remarks on Hemianaesthesia and its Cure
Authors: S. Wilks
Journal: BMJ (1879)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL 7OURNAL.was diminished, and to find out whether or not hippuric acid is ex- creted by the liver as well as by the kidney.The difficulty experienced in obtaining permission to perform the expenments of this series precludes the hope that this question can be determined in this country at present. ACTION OF SODIUM-SALICYLATE.Scarcely anything is known regarding the physiological actions of salicylic acid.Bertagnini (quoted in Husemann's Die P fanzenstoyfe i87I, P. 696) took a hundred grains within two days in four-grain doses, and felt nothing but ringing in the ears and some degree of deaf- ness.He observed that the acid was excreted in the urine in the form of salicyluric acid.It is known that this is a conjugate of salicylic acid and glycin.The formula of benzoic acid is, C. H6 02 ; that of sali- cylic acid, C. H6 03.Their near chemical alliance and their similar behaviour towards glycin rendered it probable that salicylic acid, like benzoic acid, excites the hepatic cells.This substance has been for some time a fashionable remedy in acute rheumatism.The dose for a man is from fifteen to twenty grains.Experiments 3, 10, II, 12, and 14, already detailed, furnish abun- dant evidence of the remarkable powers of sodium-salicylate as a stimulant of the liver, and other experiments yet to be described (Experi- ments 26 and 28) furnish evidence still more striking; indeed, this sub- stance is a certain hepatic stimulant, never failing, when placed in the duodenum, to excite the liver within half-an-hour.Owing to its cer- tain and speedy action, it has been repeatedly used in this series of experiments, merely to furnish an effect which might be readily com- pared with that produced by some other substance.Table 6 gives the coefficients of bile-secretion under its influence.TABLE VI.Total Dose Grains per Secretion of Bile per Kilogramme Sodium Salicylate. in Kilogramme of of Body-Weight: per Hour.Grains.*Body-Weight.
Abstract 1872: Treatment of colon cancer with black raspberries reduces DNA Methyltransferase 1-associated gene methylation
Authors: Claire M. Seguin, Yi-Wen Huang, Tim Huang, Guang-Yu Yang, Mark Arnold, Edward Martin, Christine Sardo, Gary D. Stoner, Li-Shu Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Black raspberries (BRB) confer anti-cancer effects in gastrointestinal organs via a number of mechanisms. Recently, we have shown that BRB are capable of reversing aberrant promoter-region methylation and silencing of tumor suppressor genes in colorectal cancers in two separate clinical trials. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is characterized by inherited mutation of the APC gene resulting in uncontrolled growth of pre-cancerous polyps and 100% risk of colon cancer by age 40. In a 9-month clinical trial, a total of fourteen FAP patients were treated with two 700 mg BRB suppositories intra-rectally once a day. Seven of the 14 patients consumed a slurry containing 20g freeze-dried BRB powder three times a day while the other seven received a placebo slurry. In the second study, twenty-five colorectal cancer patients consumed a slurry containing 20g of BRB powder three times a day for a short period (2-4 weeks) before surgery. DNA from both studies was extracted from paraffin-embedded biopsies of normal and tumor tissue before and after treatment. Methylation status of the promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes were studied using MassARRAY/EpiTyper which quantifies the percent methylation of C-G units (each containing 1-3 CpGs) in target gene promoter regions The five genes studied, including p16, a cell cycle regulator, PAX6a, a development regulator, and three Wnt pathway inhibitors, SFRP2, SFRP5 and WIF1, were all positively regulated by BRB in colon tumors, however, only p16, SFRP2 and WIF1 were demethylated in rectal polyps from FAP patients. In both studies, 75% of both normal and tumor tissues showed decreased methylation of at least one tumor suppressor gene. Multiple-gene demethylation was different in the two studies. More than one gene was found to be reduced in methylation in a greater percentage of colon tumors (55%) than in normal tissues (26%) from colon cancer patients. In contrast, in the FAP study, more than one gene was demethylated in a greater percentage of normal tissue (23%) than in polyps (7%). However, the effect of BRB on the expression of DNA Methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), a maintenance methylation enzyme, was similar in both colon cancers and polyps from FAP patients. In both FAP and colon cancers, demethylation of at least one gene coincided with DNMT1 decrease in a greater percentage of tumor tissues (63%, 79%) than in normal tissues (20%, 50%), respectively. This correlation suggests that in both polyps from FAP patients and in colon cancers, BRB action on methylation acts through DNMT1 reduction to a greater extent in tumor tissue than in normal tissue. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1872.
THU0409 Optimizing Fracture Prevention: The Fracture Liaison Service, an Observational Study
Authors: D. Eekman, S. van Helden, M. Huisman, H. Verhaar, I. Bultink, P. Geusens, P. Lips, W. Lems
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In about 5% of elderly fracture patients the presence or absence of underlying osteoporosis was investigated before the introduction of fracture liaison services. <h3>Objectives</h3> Increase the percentage of elderly fracture patients undergoing a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurement, and investigate why some patients did not respond to invitation to our fracture liaison service (FLS). <h3>Methods</h3> In four Dutch hospitals fracture patients ≥ 50 years were invited for a DXA measurement and visit to our FLS. Patients who did not respond, were contacted by telephone. In patients diagnosed with osteoporosis, treatment was started. Patients were contacted every three months during one year to assess drug persistence and the occurrence of subsequent fractures. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 2207 patients that were invited: 50,6% responded. Most frequent reasons for not responding included: not interested (38%), already screened/under treatment for osteoporosis (15.7%), physically unable to attend the clinic (11.5%) and death (5.2%). Hip fracture patients responded less frequently (29%) while patients with a wrist (60%), or ankle fracture (65.2%) were more likely to visit the clinic. In 337 responding patients osteoporosis was diagnosed and treatment was initiated. After 12 months of follow-up, 88% of the patients were still persistent with anti-osteoporosis therapy and only 2% suffered a subsequent clinical fracture. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In elderly fracture patients, the use of a FLS leads to an increased response rate, a high persistence to drug treatment, and a low rate of subsequent clinical fractures. Additional programs for hip fracture patients are required, as these patients have a low response rate. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Dineke Timmer, Greetje Asma, Elaine Menasse, Gittie Willems, Kirsten Huntjens, Monique Samson, Jantine van Driel, Alice van Iersel, Yvette van Houdt, Anneke van Baarsel <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
LAB-METABOLIC PATHWAYS
Authors: E. Noch, S. Pina-Oviedo, G. Perez-Liz, M. Bookland, L. Del Valle, J. Gordon, K. Khalili, T. A. Juratli, M. Peitzsch, K. Geiger, G. Schackert, G. Eisenhofer, D. Krex, M. M. Chaumeil, S. M. Woods, R. M. Danforth, H. Yoshihara, A. Lodi, A. Robinson, J. M. Lupo, R. O. Pieper, J. J. Phillips, S. M. Ronen, D. L. Schonberg, J. M. Heddleston, A. B. Hjelmeland, J. N. Rich, S. A. A. Rahim, M. Sanzey, R. Bjerkvig, S. P. Niclou, D. A. M. Mustafa, S. M. A. Swagemakers, P. J. van der Spek, J. M. Kros, A. Vartanian, S. K. Singh, G. Zadeh, K. S. Lim, K. J. Lim, B. A. Orr, A. C. Price, C. G. Eberhart, E. E. Bar, W. M. Liu, P. Huang, A. Nowacki, C. Distelhorst, J. Lathia, J. Rich, J. Kappes, C. Gladson, K. Schwartz, H. Chang, L. Karl Olson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)

Glioblastoma continues to rank among the most lethal primary human tumors.Despite treatment with the most rigorous surgical, chemotherapeutic, and radiation regimens, the median survival is just 12-15 months after diagnosis for patients with glioblastoma.One feature of glioblastoma associated with poor prognosis is the degree of hypoxia and expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 a (HIF-1a).HIF-1a expression allows metabolic adaptation to low oxygen availability, partly through upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and increased tumor angiogenesis.In this study, we demonstrate an induced level of astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) in high-grade as compared to low-grade astrocytomas and association of AEG-1 with necrotic areas in glioblastoma.AEG-1 was recently demonstrated to be an oncogene that can induce angiogenesis in glioblastoma.Results from in vitro studies show that AEG-1 is induced by hypoxia in a HIF-1a-dependent manner and that PI3K inhibition abrogates AEG-1 induction during hypoxia.Furthermore, we show that AEG-1 is induced by glucose deprivation and that prevention of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation prevents this induction.Additionally, AEG-1 knockdown results in increased, whereas AEG-1 overexpression results in decreased, ROS production and glucose deprivation-induced cytotoxicity, indicating that AEG-1 induction is necessary for cells to survive this type of stress.Moreover, AEG-1 modulates the expression of glycolytic enzymes in glioblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo and regulates the expression of these enzymes as well as glycolytic flux during metabolic stress, such as glucose deprivation.The AEG-1-induced glycolytic profile in glioblastoma cells is also modulated by glycolytic inhibition.Studies in nude mice demonstrate that AEG-1 knockdown reduces the growth of glioblastoma xenografts and also promotes chemosensitivity to glycolytic inhibition in vitro.These findings identify a novel role for AEG-1 in the regulation of glycolysis in glioblastoma and indicate that anti-glycolytic therapies may be useful in treating malignancies that demonstrate AEG-1-overexpression.
FRI0165 Boolean definition criteria is useful to predict for bio-free remission in treatment with infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: K. Kanbe, A. Nakamura, J. Chiba
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> ACR/EULAR definitions of remission is recommended to assess clinical outcome to achieve treat to target for RA treatment (1). However, the role of new remission criteria is not still clear as for bio-free remission. <h3>Objectives</h3> In order to investigate how Boolean definition criteria for remission in infliximab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) relate clinical factors, we analyzed bio-free and drug-free remission rate by treatment of infliximab in 212 RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 212 patients treated with infliximab, 181 female, 31 male, mean age of 59.4 years old, mean disease duration of 13 years, mean MTX dosage of 6.1 mg/weeks and mean PSL dosage of 2.7 mg/day. Up to 3 years after discontinuation of infliximab, remission rate by DAS28 (CRP), SDAI and Boolean definition criteria was investigated. In clinical data, C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, rheumatoid factor and CCP antibody levels were followed up regularly. <h3>Results</h3> 32 out of 212 patients (15%) showed bio-free remission including 4 male and 28 female, mean ages of 57.2 years, mean disease duration of 89 months. Less than 5 years of disease duration, bio-free rate was 23% and within 2 years of disease duration, it showed 25%. At 52 weeks, SDAI and Boolean remission criteria were 19% and 15%. All cases of Boolean remission criteria (15%) showed bio-free remission (15%) and correlated with each other significantly (p&lt;0.001) after an average of 2.2 years of treatment of infliximab. On the other hand, drug-free remission was 11 patients (5.2%) with mean age of 55.7 years, mean disease duration of 57 months. An average of three yeas after drug-remission, 2 out of 11 flared and restarted MTX treatment. The related factors of flare-up cases were rheumatoid factor and disease duration. CCP antibody was not changed to normal level in positive cases after drug-free remission. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Boolean remission criteria by treatment of infliximab correlated with bio-free remission significantly. Therefore Boolean remission may be useful criteria to predict the bio-free remission in infliximab treatment for RA. <h3>References</h3> Felson DT, Smolen JS, Wells G, et al. American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism provisional definition of remission in rheumatoid arthritis for clinical trials. Arthritis Rheum. 63:573-86,2011. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 4026: Id4 acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating c-Myc and MDM2 in prostate cancer
Authors: Ashley L. Evans, Jason WP Carey, Shanora E. Glymph, Jaideep Chaudhary
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract PURPOSE: Id proteins (Id1, Id2, Id3, and Id4) function as dominant negative regulators of basic helix loop helix transcription factor family. They share the conserved HLH domain but lack the DNA binding basic domain. This domain configuration allows the Id proteins to dimerize with bHLH proteins. The Id-bHLH dimer therefore fails to bind the E box consensus sequence and activate transcription. In general Id1 and Id3 promote proliferation and inhibit differentiation and thus their expression is generally high in many cancers. The function of Id4 appears to be unique as compared to Id1-Id3. Recent studies have demonstrated that Id4 is epigenetically silenced in many cancers suggesting that Id4 may in fact act as a tumor suppressor. The present study was carried out to determine the molecular mechanism by which Id4 acts as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. DESIGN METHODS: Initial studies were carried out on DU145 cells in which Id4 is epigenetically silenced. Over-expression of Id4 decreased proliferation and promoted epithelial like morphology in DU145 cells. A proteomics based approach suggested that MDM2 is a potential downstream target of Id4. The upstream regulators and downstream targets of MDM2 were then evaluated to understand the mechanism and functional significance of Id4-MDM2 cross talk. RESULTS: A combination of expression and immuno-localization studies demonstrated that c-Myc and p14ARF, the upstream regulators of MDM2 expression are down-regulated in the presence of Id4. Id4 also significantly up-regulated the expression and nuclear localization of CDKNIs p21and p27. Unexpectedly, the expression of p53 a known target of MDM2 was decreased both at the transcript and protein level. CONCLUSIONS: Although MDM2 was discovered as a potential downstream target, our pathway analysis suggests that c-Myc could also be a downstream target of Id4. The de-repression of CDKNI appears to be c-Myc dependent but p53 independent primarily because in DU145 cells, p53 is mutated. Alternatively, decreased MDM2 could promote p21 stability resulting in increased nuclear localization and expression. Taken together our data support the role of Id4 as a potential tumor suppressor that is unique and opposite to the oncogenic properties of other HLH members Id1, Id2 and Id3. Supported by: NIH/NCI R01CA128914 and NIH/NCRR/RCMI G12RR03062. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4026. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4026