tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Do we need the inherence heuristic to explain the bias towards inherent explanations?
Authors: Yarrow Dunham
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract It is clear that people often make unwarranted inherence-based explanations, but it is less clear that explaining this fact requires the inherence heuristic. Instead, it can be explained by a more general explanatory apparatus operating on the most readily available information, which, depending on the nature of that information, outputs both inherent and noninherent explanations.
Click Chemistry-Mediated Nanosensors for Biochemical Assays
Authors: Yiping Chen, Yunlei Xianyu, Jing Wu, Binfeng Yin, Xingyu Jiang
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Click chemistry combined with functional nanoparticles have drawn increasing attention in biochemical assays because they are promising in developing biosensors with effective signal transformation/amplification and straightforward signal readout for clinical diagnostic assays. In this review, we focus on the latest advances of biochemical assays based on Cu (I)-catalyzed 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition of azides and alkynes (CuAAC)-mediated nanosensors, as well as the functionalization of nanoprobes based on click chemistry. Nanoprobes including gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, magnetic nanoparticles and carbon nanomaterials are covered. We discuss the advantages of click chemistry-mediated nanosensors for biochemical assays, and give perspectives on the development of click chemistry-mediated approaches for clinical diagnosis and other biomedical applications.
BCOR and BCORL1 Mutations In Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Malou C.H. Hermkens, Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Susan T.J.C.M. Arentsen-Peters, Maarten W.J. Fornerod, Andre Baruchel, Jan Stary, Dirk Reinhardt, Valerie de Haas, Rob Pieters, C. Michel Zwaan
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract B63: Cell surface vimentin (CSV) serves as markers and targets for EMT, stem cancer cell and metastatic cells
Authors: Abhisek Mitra, Hyangsoon Noh, Shulin Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The presence of cancer stem–like cells and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) cancer cells serves as one of the primary mechanisms for causing metastasis in cancer. However, there is no clear and universal cell surface markers for identifying these types of cells though multiple intracellular markers for EMT or non-universal markers for cancer stem cells are reported. A clear, functional and universal EMT and cancer stem cell marker will assist our understanding in cancer cell metastasis. Recently, we discovered that Vimentin, an intracellular EMT tumor cell marker, is present on the surface of circulating tumor cells and on the surface of colon metastatic tumor nodules in the liver. In this study, we examined the potential of using this marker as a capturing target to isolate EMT stem–like cancer cells using a cell surface Vim-binding antibody, 84-1, which was developed in-house. Using this antibody, we purified the csVim+CD133- cell population from primary liver and GBM tumor cell suspensions. Stem cell characterization assays demonstrated that csVim+CD133- cells have stem–like properties similar to the csVim-CD133+ population. This population also showed tumorigenicity under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Moreover, csVim+CD133- cells stained with classical EMT markers Twist and Slug to validate their metastatic phenotypes. In vivo inoculation further revealed that the csVim+CD133- population supported EMT-like phenotypes and aggressive metastasis in livers as compared to the csVim-CD133+ population. In the era of personalized cancer therapy, this population should also be considered a promising target for the treatment and prevention of metastatic carcinoma. Citation Format: Abhisek Mitra, Hyangsoon Noh, Shulin Li. Cell surface vimentin (CSV) serves as markers and targets for EMT, stem cancer cell and metastatic cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Metastasis; 2015 Nov 30-Dec 3; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(7 Suppl):Abstract nr B63.
A laboratory procedure for the induction of flashbacks
Authors: J M Rainey, A Aleem, A Ortiz, V Yeragani, R Pohl, R Berchou
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors administered infusions of lactate intravenously to seven patients with a DSM-III diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, six of whom also met DSM-III criteria for panic disorder. The lactate infusions resulted in flashbacks in all seven patients and panic attacks in six patients. The authors conclude that with further development intravenous lactate infusion may be used to study flashbacks and other dissociative phenomena and to determine the relationship between flashbacks and panic anxiety.
Increase in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections in England, December 2010 to January 2011
Authors: K Zakikhany, M A Degail, T Lamagni, P Waight, R Guy, H Zhao, A Efstratiou, R Pebody, R George, M Ramsay
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Increases in invasive Streptococcus pyogenes and S. pneumoniae above the seasonally expected levels are currently being seen in England. Preliminary analyses suggest that the high level of influenza activity seen this winter may be contributing to an increased risk of concurrent invasive bacterial and influenza infections in children and young adults.
Inherited mutations in breast cancer susceptibility genes among a triple negative breast cancer cohort unselected for family history of breast cancer
Authors: B. Salvadori, A. Caligo, I. Montagnani, L. Spugnesi, A. Fontana, E. landucci, A. Michelotti, I. Ferrarini, I. Bertolini, C. De Angelis, S. Fancelli, E. Pfanner, A. Falcone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Independent Medical Service
Authors: H. F. Reichenfeld, A. J. Wainwright, P. G. Jones, T. S. Midya, D. C. L. Burges, D. F. Smallbone, D. B. Holliday, G. R. Smith, D. H. Targett
Journal: BMJ (1965)

bewitching a client to death.Furthermore, suggestions of death directly implanted into the impressionable minds of young children may well prove to be particularly harmful and even disastrous, as the " Labrador case " (7 August, p. 363) so tragically illustrates.In order to collect information with a view to possible further exploration of this sub- ject, I would be interested to investigate a sample of fortune-tellers in this country who would be prepared to submit their forecasting methods to critical exposition.Secondly, I would be interested to hear from any doctor who knows of patients with anxieties resulting from foreknowledge, death premonitions, or taboo-and would welcome facts about any other patients who may have been scared or scared themselves to death.It would, of course, be essential to compare the reports with cases in which the predicted occurrence of death at a certain time was not fulfilled.Thirdly, I would like to be acquainted with the findings of any similar research which may possibly have already been undertaken on this interesting topic.-Iam, etc.,
A Comparison of Survival Rates Between American and Japanese Patients with Breast Cancer
Authors: E L WYNDER, T KAJITANI, J KUNO, J C LUCAS, A DEPALO, J FARROW
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of fluoxetine on dexamethasone-induced growth hormone release in depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: J H Thakore, T G Dinan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors' objective was to characterize the effects of fluoxetine treatment on dexamethasone-induced growth hormone (GH) responses in depressed patients.Twelve patients (six women and six men) with major depression diagnosed according to DSM-III-R underwent dexamethasone-induced GH stimulation before and after random assignment to 4 weeks of treatment with either placebo (N = 6) or fluoxetine (N = 6).All six patients treated with fluoxetine and two of the six patients given placebo demonstrated an increase in their dexamethasone-induced GH responses.Clinical recovery was associated with an increase in GH release in response to dexamethasone.
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations Confer Dasatinib Hypersensitivity and SRC Dependence in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Supriya K. Saha, John D. Gordan, Benjamin P. Kleinstiver, Phuong Vu, Mortada S. Najem, Jia-Chi Yeo, Lei Shi, Yasutaka Kato, Rebecca S. Levin, James T. Webber, Leah J. Damon, Regina K. Egan, Patricia Greninger, Ultan McDermott, Mathew J. Garnett, Roger L. Jenkins, Kimberly M. Rieger-Christ, Travis B. Sullivan, Aram F. Hezel, Andrew S. Liss, Yusuke Mizukami, Lipika Goyal, Cristina R. Ferrone, Andrew X. Zhu, J. Keith Joung, Kevan M. Shokat, Cyril H. Benes, Nabeel Bardeesy
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive liver bile duct malignancy exhibiting frequent isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1/IDH2) mutations. Through a high-throughput drug screen of a large panel of cancer cell lines, including 17 biliary tract cancers, we found that IDH mutant (IDHm) ICC cells demonstrate a striking response to the multikinase inhibitor dasatinib, with the highest sensitivity among 682 solid tumor cell lines. Using unbiased proteomics to capture the activated kinome and CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing to introduce dasatinib-resistant "gatekeeper" mutant kinases, we identified SRC as a critical dasatinib target in IDHm ICC. Importantly, dasatinib-treated IDHm xenografts exhibited pronounced apoptosis and tumor regression. Our results show that IDHm ICC cells have a unique dependency on SRC and suggest that dasatinib may have therapeutic benefit against IDHm ICC. Moreover, these proteomic and genome-editing strategies provide a systematic and broadly applicable approach to define targets of kinase inhibitors underlying drug responsiveness.IDH mutations define a distinct subtype of ICC, a malignancy that is largely refractory to current therapies. Our work demonstrates that IDHm ICC cells are hypersensitive to dasatinib and critically dependent on SRC activity for survival and proliferation, pointing to new therapeutic strategies against these cancers. Cancer Discov; 6(7); 727-39. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 681.
GPs are much more than gatekeepers
Authors: Phil Whitaker
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The only healthcare professionals who can care for the whole person

Coining the term “gatekeeper” to describe the GP’s role in the NHS was a disaster. It creates an image of the real health service being elsewhere—in that shining citadel yonder, perhaps—with the humble GP huddled in a hut, simply lifting the barrier for those who need to be let in.

And, once you start thinking about GPs like that, you begin to wonder whether someone else couldn’t do the job just as well. Nurses, maybe; paramedics; physician assistants; or even computer algorithms or internet search engines.

How should we think about GPs? For one thing, we are medical interpreters, steeped in the biomedical model, yet equally fluent in the ways patients communicate about, and understand, their health. …
The Ser 460 to Pro substitution of the protein S alpha (PROS1) gene is a frequent mutation associated with free protein S (type IIa) deficiency
Authors: J Duchemin, S Gandrille, D Borgel, P Feurgard, M Alhenc-Gelas, C Matheron, M Dreyfus, E Dupuy, I Juhan-Vague, M Aiach
Journal: Blood (1995)
Stem/progenitor cells in liver regeneration
Authors: Tohru Itoh
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

In severely or chronically injured livers where the proliferative capacity of hepatocytes is compromised, putative stem/progenitor cells are supposed to be activated. These cells are generally characterized as biliary epithelial cell marker‐positive cells that emerge ectopically in the parenchymal region of the liver, as determined by histopathological examination of various liver diseases in humans and animal models. Whereas the biliary system indeed harbors cells with stem/progenitor activity that can be defined ex vivo , genetic lineage tracing studies in mice have casted doubt on their exact contribution as the genuine stem/progenitor cell population that differentiates in situ into hepatocytes. Here, I briefly review recent advances in the characterization and certification of the stem/progenitor cells in the adult liver and discuss the ongoing and future challenges to further our understanding of the cellular basis of liver regeneration. (H epatology 2016;64:663‐668)
Early Epigenetic Downregulation of microRNA-192 Expression Promotes Pancreatic Cancer Progression
Authors: Sandeep K. Botla, Soniya Savant, Pouria Jandaghi, Andrea S. Bauer, Oliver Mücke, Evgeny A. Moskalev, John P. Neoptolemos, Eithne Costello, William Greenhalf, Aldo Scarpa, Matthias M. Gaida, Markus W. Büchler, Oliver Strobel, Thilo Hackert, Nathalia A. Giese, Hellmut G. Augustin, Jörg D. Hoheisel
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by very early metastasis, suggesting the hypothesis that metastasis-associated changes may occur prior to actual tumor formation. In this study, we identified miR-192 as an epigenetically regulated suppressor gene with predictive value in this disease. miR-192 was downregulated by promoter methylation in both PDAC and chronic pancreatitis, the latter of which is a major risk factor for the development of PDAC. Functional studies in vitro and in vivo in mouse models of PDAC showed that overexpression of miR-192 was sufficient to reduce cell proliferation and invasion. Mechanistic analyses correlated changes in miR-192 promoter methylation and expression with epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Cell proliferation and invasion were linked to altered expression of the miR-192 target gene SERPINE1 that is encoding the protein plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), an established regulator of these properties in PDAC cells. Notably, our data suggested that invasive capacity was altered even before neoplastic transformation occurred, as triggered by miR-192 downregulation. Overall, our results highlighted a role for miR-192 in explaining the early metastatic behavior of PDAC and suggested its relevance as a target to develop for early diagnostics and therapy. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4149–59. ©2016 AACR.
The Chemotherapy Program
Authors: Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article The Chemotherapy Program Get access Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D. Kenneth M. Endicott, M.D. Chief Cancer Chemotherapy National Service Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 2, August 1957, Pages 275–293, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.2.275 Published: 01 August 1957
Abstract 49: Effects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Blood Pressure Among Healthy or Hypertensive Adults: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Trials
Authors: Xi Zhang, Liana C. Del Gobbo, Wen Zhang, Yiqing Song
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: The role of magnesium (Mg) in blood pressure (BP) is controversial, due to inconsistent results from prior individual trials or systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Hypothesis: We aimed to quantify the effect of oral Mg supplementation on systolic and diastolic BP by synthesizing available evidence from randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trials. We also examined whether changes in BP were related to elevation in serum Mg levels by Mg supplementation. Methods: We searched all trials of oral Mg supplementation among healthy or hypertensive adults published before February 1, 2015 from databases of MEDLINE and EMBASE. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of BP changes. The possible heterogeneity between studies were explored by subgroup analyses. We used restricted cubic spline curves to depict time- and dose-responses of BP in relation to changes of serum Mg levels. Results: In total, 33 eligible trials involving 2,500 participants were included. Mg supplementation at a median dose of 368 mg/day elemental Mg for a median duration of 3 months led to significantly reduced supine BPs by 2.08 mmHg (95% CI: 0.49, 3.68) for systolic BP and 1.83 mmHg (95% CI: 0.77, 2.90) for diastolic BP compared with the placebo. Overall, Mg supplementation significantly increased serum Mg concentrations by 0.05 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.03, 0.07 mmol/L). Our time- and dose-response analyses showed that Mg supplementation with 200 mg/day for 1 month was sufficient to significantly raise serum Mg and lower supine BPs (all P-values &lt; 0.0001). However, higher doses (≥ 300 mg/day) and longer durations (≥ 2 months) were needed to achieve maximal effects. On average, per 0.1 mmol/L increment in serum Mg was associated with a supine DBP reduction of 2.26 mmHg (95% CI: 0.27, 4.26 mmHg), while the linear or curvilinear relationship with supine SBP was non-significant. In addition, there were non-significant changes in standing BPs (all P-values &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis showed that Mg supplementation significantly lowered supine BPs which were significantly related with elevated serum Mg levels. Our findings support an antihypertensive effect of Mg, although future large well-designed randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up, selection of participants with low Mg levels, and ambulatory BP monitoring are warranted.
Abstract IA22: Reflections on precision medicine
Authors: Charles L. Sawyers
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The clinical success of molecularly targeted therapies such as imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia sparked a revolution in cancer drug development as well as global efforts to define the landscape of genomic alterations across all cancers. Today we live in a world with a near complete understanding of all cancer gene mutations, giving us an unprecedented opportunity to leverage this knowledge to improve treatment outcomes, through precision medicine. Despite the many remarkable successes over the past 15 years, the goal of improved therapy for all cancers remains daunting due to the complexity of the genomic landscape and the challenges of overcoming drug resistance. With the rapid spread of next generation sequencing into the clinical arena at various cancer centers and health care institutions throughout the world, we have an opportunity to accelerate our understanding of treatment response and resistance through data sharing across these growing silos of genomic and clinical datasets. In this lecture I will illustrate the power of this approach through specific examples in prostate cancer and discuss interactional efforts to catalyzed data sharing through the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH). Citation Format: Charles L. Sawyers. Reflections on precision medicine. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; Jun 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(1_Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
Factors affecting amnesia, seizure duration, and efficacy in ECT
Authors: A L Miller, R A Faber, J P Hatch, H E Alexander
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Twenty-nine patients given unilateral ECT were tested for memory with each treatment. Forgetting of nonverbal material correlated positively with seizure duration and with anesthetic dose. Seizure duration did not correlate with forgetting of verbal material or with changes in Hamilton depression ratings. Seizure duration was inversely related to succinylcholine and methohexital doses. These findings suggest that muscle relaxant and anesthetic doses can be adjusted to lessen the amnestic effects of ECT. There are, however, insufficient data on the relationship between seizure length and ECT efficacy to specify a minimum duration for seizures, individually or cumulatively.
Chagas Disease
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Alison E. Burke, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Chagas Disease Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.Infection is most commonly acquired through contact with an infected triatomine bug (or "kissing bug," because it often bites the face).Infection can also occur from mother to baby (congenital), contaminated blood products (transfusions), or an organ transplanted from an infected donor.Chagas disease occurs mainly in Latin America, where an estimated 8 million to 11 million people are infected.People living in rural areas are at greatest risk.Most individuals with Chagas disease in the United States acquired their infections in other countries.Although there are triatomine bugs in the United States, only rare cases originating in the United States have been documented.The November 14, 2007, issue of JAMA includes an article about Chagas disease.
Comment on Lidz and associates' critique of the Danish-American studies of the offspring of schizophrenic parents
Authors: W M Grove
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The author replies to a critique by Lidz and associates of the Greater Copenhagen Adoption Study conducted by Rosenthal and colleagues. A detailed examination of the reanalysis by Lidz and associates of tabulated data from the original adoption study reports substantiates only one of their objections. The author argues that, because of the way in which the original data were gathered, the reanalysis is without substantial merit in evaluating the adoption study.
Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome
Authors: Dean Wheeler, E. L. Amidon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is noted for its intensity, rapidity of progression and extremely grave prognosis. It was considered to be a universally fatal disease until 1940, when Carey1 reported a case ending in recovery. Since then there have been recorded instances of recovery but the mortality remains extremely high. The few instances of recovery have tended to raise a question concerning the diagnosis and to bring up for review the pathological mechanisms of the disease. In addition, the treatment of the condition is far from standardized owing to the poor results obtained with present-day therapy.The earliest pathological reports on . . .
Immunohistochemical Screening Using Egfr Mutation-Specific Antibodies in Lung Adenocarcinomas: Diamond Project
Authors: M. Pagano, I. Tamagnini, L. Baldi, A. Bisagni, M. Ragazzi, G. Gardini, F. Barbieri, F. Cantile, D. Nicoli, C. Boni, G. Rossi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)