tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
GILBERTUS ANGLICUS—GILBERT OF ENGLAND
Authors: F PARREIRA, V NUNES, N VIEGAS
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Authors’ reply to Cunningham and Messerli and colleagues
Authors: Dipak Kotecha, Douglas G Altman, Peter D Collins, Marcus D Flather
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Cunningham raises two important points about bias and external validity.1 2 We agree that the age of patients in trials does not reflect that of patients with heart failure in the community, and comment on this point in our discussion. To improve the applicability of future research, we must as researchers enrol patients who reflect the true population. Just as importantly, as clinicians we need to temper our preconceptions about treatment efficacy versus tolerability with the knowledge that in double blinded trials, β blockers are highly effective and well tolerated. In this context, it is wrong to equate these data with …
Mammalian Chromosomes &lt;italic&gt;in Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;. IX. On Genetic Polymorphism in Cell Populations&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T. C. Hsu, Oleta Klatt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Five cell strains MC3, CF1-C-9, NCTC 2071 (NCTC clone 929, strain L), L-P55, and L-P55-N2, all of murine origin, were studied with respect to their chromosomal constitution. The last 3 strains were sublines of NCTC clone 929 (strain L). All of them were heteroploid. Besides the changes in chromosome number, each strain possessed from 10 to 20 metacentrics and a few subtelocentric chromosomes. Each strain had its characteristic karyotype and was cytologically identifiable. Cells of strains L-P55 and L-P55-N2 contained 1 or 2 long dicentric chromosomes. However, a small proportion of the cells in strain L-P55 was void of this element. This dicentric chromosome was probably identical to the dicentric that occurred frequently in strain L2 established by Fedoroff in Saskatoon, Canada. Within each strain considerable variations of chromosome number as well as combination of chromosome types were recorded. Therefore, each strain is heterogeneous in its genetic make-up. Genetic polymorphism conceivably prevails also in populations of other cell strains. It provides different genotypes for the populations to adjust themselves to various adverse selection forces that may be applied to them.
The Eugenic Predicament
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OP0206 Interactions Between Smoking and Methylation Status is Highly Predictive of Radiographic Progression in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: D.D. O'Rielly, N. Haroon, Z. Gao, Y. Zhang, D. Codner, G. Zhai, A. Dohey, A. Zhou, N. Al Ghanim, S. Hamilton, R.D. Inman, P. Rahman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The variability in the rate of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and the role of smoking, as an independent risk factor for radiographic progression, has been well documented. We have recently identified multiple epigenetic variants associated with ankylosis in AS using a genome-wide epigenetic approach. In this study, we examined the recently identified epigenetic markers in an independent AS cohort to assess radiographic progression and determine if an interaction exists with smoking status. <h3>Methods</h3> Our replication cohort consisted of 76 AS patients (16 females; 32 smokers; 56 <i>HLA-B27</i>+) that had serial radiographs on average 3 years apart (range 1.2 to 7.5 yrs). Of the 76 patients, 35 patients exhibited radiographic progression (change in mSASSS score &gt;0). The mean radiographic progression for the entire group was 0.99 mSASSS/yr. The DNA methylation experiments on 17 CpG sites were designed using EpiTyper and performed on a Sequenom MassArray 4 system. The association between methylation score and radiographic progression rate was examined by multiple linear regressions after controlling for age of onset and gender. An interaction between methylation score and smoking status was introduced into the model to examine the association in the smokers and non-smokers, respectively. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to assess the goodness of fit. Methylation sites with more than 15% of data missing were excluded from the analysis. The total methylation score of 7 CpG sites had the best goodness of fit. <h3>Results</h3> In the univariate analysis, high total methylation score was significantly associated with less radiographic progression (β=-0.97; 95%CI=-1.91:-0.02; p=0.04). Smokers demonstrated worse radiographic progression than non-smokers, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.62). In the multivariate analysis, the interaction between methylation score and smoke status was statistically significant (p=0.008). Among smokers, high total methylation score was significantly associated with less radiographic progression (β=-2.01; 95%CI=-3.26:-0.75; p=0.0017). No such association was observed among non-smokers. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the first study to demonstrate how epigenetic factors can influence radiographic progression in AS. Specifically, the results from this study reveal a significant association between smoking, methylation status and radiographic progression in AS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Rejection
Authors: Mary Black
Journal: BMJ (2007)

views & Reviews T his year, like previous years, has seen a spate of coverage in the British media of maulings by dogs.The most recent available data from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (www.rospa.co.uk) show that 70 000 people attended UK emergency departments in 2002 for injuries caused by dog bites.Many of these are attacks on children by the family pet and take place in the home (European Journal of Pediatrics 2003;162:254-8).Dog bites have become a public health concern and a child protection issue.As with many public health issues, however, individuals are reluctant to take responsibility and modify their behaviour.The medical profession is left to mop up the mess.Children are particularly vulnerable; one American study found that children under 5 were the age group most likely to have severe head and neck injuries (American Surgeon 1999;65:863-4).Undoubtedly, few people bitten by dogs die or are left with a profound disability.However, the number of people admitted to UK hospitals after being bitten by a dog is rising, despite a fall in dog ownership.Data collected by the Information Centre for Health and Social Care (www.hesonline.nhs.uk) show that 4133 patients were admitted to hospital in England in 2006 as a result of injuries from dog bites, almost double the number in 1996, and that 22% of these people were children under 9. Apart from the psychological and physical consequences (including infections) of dog bites, they result in unnecessary expense.It is clear that the 1991 Dangerous Dogs Act does not work.For a start, it does not cover the majority of bites that occur in the family home, and only 764 people were prosecuted under the act in 2005.Also, all dogs bite, not just the four breeds prohibited under the act (the pit bull terrier, Japanese tosa, Argentine dogo, and fila Brasileiro, including cross-breeds).Indeed, one study showed that the most common dog bites
PTH-335 Permanent stoma rates following elective resection of rectal cancer
Authors: SJ Mills, S Kelly, N McKigney
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Permanent stoma rates following surgical resection for rectal cancer in England and Wales were reported in the 2012 National Bowel Cancer Audit (NBOCA), for patients diagnosed between 01/08/2008 – 31/07/2010. The report rate for Northumbria Healthcare NHS Trust was 71.7%, resulting in a notification letter from the NHS Information Centre that the rate was higher than expected. This study aimed to establish the permanent stoma rate for patients undergoing formal resection with a date of diagnosis of rectal cancer 01/04/2010–31/03/2013 and assess against the NBOCA reported rate for the prior cohort and the national average of 51% from the 2013 NBOCA report. <h3>Method</h3> Data were exported from a clinician maintained, prospectively populated database of all patients with colorectal cancer known to the multi-disciplinary team. Permanent stoma rates were calculated by subtracting primary surgery and stoma creation dates from the date of reversal where present. Presence of a stoma &gt;547.5 days (18 months) after primary surgery was regarded permanent, as defined by NBOCA. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and eighty-three patients underwent an elective major resection surgery for rectal cancer in this 3 year cohort. The majority (168, 91.8%) had a stoma raised at the time of primary surgery. One patient required a stoma after a return to theatre for anastomotic leak. Of the 102 stomas raised with temporary intent, 80.4% were reversed by 18 months. Reasons for failure to reverse included leaks, disease progression with metastases, debility, death and patient choice. The final permanent stoma rate in patients who underwent major resection was 47.5%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This Trust’s stoma rates are in line with the national average and not therefore a cause for concern. This audit did cover a more recent cohort of patients to the 2012 and 2013 NBOCA reports so direct comparisons cannot be made, but stoma rates are unlikely to have changed so significantly. This does raise the question of whether the NBOCA reported rates, derived partly from Open Exeter and partly from Hospital Episode Statistics, are misleading. Accurate granular data requires clinician involvement for capture and submission. The new NBOCA audit platform does facilitate contemporaneous data capture by clinical teams, but is no longer trying to capture this quality metric. It is in the interest of clinical teams and their patients to collect and own their data. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Operator Volume and Outcomes in 12,988 Percutaneous Coronary Interventions fn1fn1This study was supported in part by Grant HS06813 from the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.
Authors: Paul D. McGrath, David E. Wennberg, David J. Malenka, Mirle A. Kellett, Thomas J. Ryan, John R. O’Meara, William A. Bradley, Michael J. Hearne, Bruce Hettleman, John F. Robb, Samuel Shubrooks, Peter VerLee, Matthew W. Watkins, Francis L. Lucas, Gerald T. O’Connor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Psychiatry under prospective payment: experience in the first year
Authors: C A Taube, J R Lave, A Rupp, H H Goldman, R G Frank
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors present data on changes in resource use by Medicare psychiatric patients in general hospitals after the introduction of the prospective payment system in 1984. Length of stay and charges per discharge during fiscal year 1984 fell 13.8% and 15.9%, respectively, after the new system began, even though 31.8% of the discharges for Medicare psychiatric cases were from exempt psychiatric units. The decrease in length of stay was considerably larger (23.2%) in hospitals with no psychiatric units, which were not exempt from prospective payment.
FRI0001 Human Basophils Support Plasma Cell Differentiation and Antibody Production
Authors: A. Meyer-Bahlburg, D. Dijkstra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Basophil granulocytes (basophils) are rare immune cells representing less than 1% of circulating leukocytes. They are classically known as important players in allergy and helminth infections. However, recent studies also indicate a role in autoimmune disease including systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE). In a murine model of SLE binding of self-reactive IgE to basophils induced their homing to lymph nodes and subsequently enhanced production of self-reactive autoantibodies in reaction to basophil derived Th2 cytokines (1). In addition, murine basophils were shown to enhance immunological memory B cell responses and plasma cell survival (2) suggesting direct or indirect interaction between B cells and basophils. However, most data were obtained in the mouse system and data about human basopohil/B cell interaction are rare. <h3>Objectives</h3> We therefore hypothesize that human basophils and B cells interact, and that this interaction can be disturbed in autoimmune diseases such as SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> Human basophils and B cells were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy individuals and co-cultured <i>in vitro</i>. B cell survival and proliferation as well as generation of plasma cells were determined by flow cytometry and cell counting. For investigation of antibody production ELISA and ELISPOT were performed. <h3>Results</h3> Our data demonstrate that human basophils significantly support B cell survival and proliferation. In response to stimulation with the TLR9 agonist CpG the number of CD138 expressing mature plasma cells w significantly increased in the presence of basophils. Moreover, plasma cells produced significantly more immunoglobulin M, A and G when basophils were present in the co-culture system. Our studies suggest that BAFF might be involved in these processes. Currently, we are further investigating the mechanism involved in this interaction and if it is disturbed in patients with SLE. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We conclude that human basophils and B cells interact resulting in enhanced B cell immune responses. This interaction may also impact the pathogenesis and most importantly auto-antibody production in SLE. <h3>References</h3> Charles N, Hardwick D, Daugas E, Illei GG, Rivera J. Basophils and the T helper 2 environment can promote the development of lupus nephritis. Nat Med 2010; 16:701-7. Denzel A, Maus UA, Rodriguez Gomez M, Moll C, Niedermeier M, Winter C, et al. Basophils enhance immunological memory responses. Nat Immunol 2008; 9:733-42. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG ME19372313 and DI1930/1-1). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Playing the
Authors: Lawrence J Hergott
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PTU-076 Is faecal calprotectin (FC) a reliable marker of isolated small bowel crohn’s disease (CD) activity?:
Authors: BD Warner, EL Johnston, MG Ward, PM Irving
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The measurement of FC is considered an important investigation in both the diagnosis and assessment of activity in CD. However, it’s accuracy in isolated small bowel disease (Montreal classification L1) compared to colonic (L2) and ileocolonic (L3) remains undetermined. This study aims to establish whether FC can be used to assess disease activity in L1 disease with the same degree of confidence as with other disease locations. <h3>Method</h3> 197 patients were selected from our biologics cohort. All patients had FC measured at the same time as C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) were documented. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. FC (units of IU/ml) for comparisons underwent Log<sub>10</sub>transformation. Significances between means were obtained using independent 2 sample t-test and the oneway ANOVA test. <h3>Results</h3> Patients were divided according to Montreal classification; L1 (n = 28), L2 (n = 59) and L3 (n = 108). Mean FC for the 3 groups were 344 (median = 100), 379 (median = 80) and 288 (median = 71) respectively (P = 0.728). Comparison of mean FC was made between patients with active disease (mean FC = 543) and inactive disease (mean FC = 216); the difference was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.015). Active disease was defined as HBI ≥5 and/or CRP &gt;5. The table above shows the significance of the relationship between mean FC and disease activity for the 3 disease locations. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We show that, as previously established, FC is a good marker of disease activity when compared against HBI and CRP. However in L1 disease there was no significant difference in the FC of patients with active versus inactive disease. Therefore, we conclude that disease activity cannot be determined by FC alone in isolated small bowel disease. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> B. Warner: None Declared, E. Johnston: None Declared, M. Ward: None Declared, P. Irving Speaker Bureau of: AbbVie, MSD, Takeda, Warner Chilcott, Shire, Ferring and Tillotts Pharma.
PWE-313 Epidural audit: are colorectal and surgical patients with thoracic epidurals managed appropriately?
Authors: ER Richards, C McNaught
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Epidurals are commonly used for colorectal and general surgical patients to provide postoperative analgesia. However, they may be associated with hypotension which is often unresponsive to intravenous fluids. This audit was designed to assess the post-operative management of patients with epidurals. The standards were that epidural mediated hypotension should be recognised and managed appropriately i.e. with vasoconstrictors if required. Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland guidance also recommends patients with epidurals have 24 h access to clinicians experienced in epidural management. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective audit of consecutive patients leaving recovery with thoracic epidurals in a district general hospital. Data was collected on operation, ward, hypotension, intravenous fluids, vasopressors, anaesthetic involvement, duration of epidural anaesthesia and complications. A re-audit was conducted in 2014 after introduction of a surgical High Observations Bay (HOB). <h3>Results</h3> Findings of the initial audit were that epidural mediated hypotension was common and was associated with repeated fluid challenges associated with significant morbidity. As a result formal teaching for surgical juniors about epidurals and hypotension was conducted, advising them to seek help and recommendations to minimise the use of epidurals and introduce a surgical high observation bay were made. The audit was then repeated. The rate of use of epidurals fell by 80% between the two audit cycles, from 24 patients in a 1 month period in June 2012 to 10 patients over a 2 month period in June 2014. There was a notable fall in their use in for elective colorectal surgical patients from 10 patients to 2 due to the adoption of alternate technique such as spinal anaesthesia or local anaesthetic wound infiltration. In the initial audit 63% of patients were managed on the ward and 37% were managed on High Dependency Unit (HDU), in the re-audit 0% of patients were managed on the ward, 55% on the surgical HOB and 44% on HDU with access to vasopressor if. Rates of hypotension fell from 63% to 30%. Excessive intravenous fluid challenges were noted in the initial audit but not the re-audit. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This audit led to a change in practice in our institution. There has been a significant decrease in the use of epidurals, which are now reserved for high risk patients and managed on HDU or a surgical HOB with vasopressors available if necessary. The prompt involvement of senior surgical and anaesthetic staff in the care of these patients avoids excessive ineffective fluid challenges if vasopressors are required to correct the hypotension. This avoids fluid overload whilst correcting the hypotension thereby addressing concerns about anastomotic perfusion. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
IgG4-Related Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Pattern in 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ophélie Bélissant, Mohamed Guernou, Philippe Rouvier, Caroline Compain, Gérald Bonardel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 17-year-old adolescent girl was admitted with chronic arthralgia, Raynaud phenomenon, pericarditis, and evidences of chronic diffuse inflammation. F-FDG PET/CT scan was performed to search systemic vasculitis and showed diffuse moderate uptake in the kidneys. We suggested the existence of a nephritis, but the ultrasonography result was normal, and no treatment was introduced. Another F-FDG PET/CT scan was performed 7 months later to explore abdominal pain. It showed again diffuse intense uptake in both kidneys. A proteinuria was highlighted, and renal biopsy allowed to diagnose IgG4-related disease.