tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of a multifactorial strategy for bowel preparation in diabetic patients undergoing colonoscopy: a randomized trial
Authors: Marco Alvarez-Gonzalez, Juana Flores-Le Roux, Agustin Seoane, Juan Pedro-Botet, Laura Carot, Agnés Fernandez-Clotet, Agnés Raga, Miguel Pantaleon, Luis Barranco, Felipe Bory, Vicente Lorenzo-Zuñiga
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Background and study aims: Previous studies have reported that diabetes mellitus is an independent risk factor for inadequate bowel preparation. Current guidelines do not recommend a specific preparation for this patient population. The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of an adapted preparation protocol for colon cleansing in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients and methods: This randomized, single-blind, parallel group, superiority trial compared a conventional bowel preparation protocol (CBP) with a diabetes-specific preparation protocol (DSP). The CBP included a low-fiber diet for 3 days followed by a clear liquid diet for 24 hours before colonoscopy. The DSP included a multifactorial strategy combining an educational intervention, a low-fiber diet, and adjustment of blood glucose-lowering agents. All patients received 4 L of a polyethylene glycol solution in a split-dose regimen. The endoscopists were blinded to the preparation protocol. The primary outcome measure was inadequate bowel preparation according to the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Secondary outcome measures included hypoglycemic events, tolerability, and acceptability. Results: A total of 150 patients were included in the study (74 CBP and 76 DSP). Both groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics. Inadequate bowel cleansing was more frequent following CBP than DSP (20 % vs. 7 %, P = 0.014; risk ratio 3.1, 95 % confidence interval 1.2 - 8). Only CBP and performance status were independently associated with inadequate bowel preparation. Both preparations were equally tolerated and accepted by patients, and side-effects were similar between the groups. Conclusions: A multifactorial strategy for bowel preparation in patients with diabetes undergoing colonoscopy showed a threefold reduction in the rate of inadequate bowel preparation, with no differences in safety and tolerability compared with conventional preparation.ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02300779).
Cluster analysis of major health domains in elderly women with localized breast cancer: A prospective study.
Authors: C. Dionne, G. Albrand, C. Cropet, A. Montella, C. Terret, J. P. Droz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19535 Background: Although breast cancer is the most common malignancy among elderly female patients, very little is known about the geriatric characteristics of this population, which contributes to our inability to define optimal breast cancer care for this group. Methods: Non metastatic breast cancer women aged ≥ 70 years referred to our cancer center underwent comprehensive geriatric assessment in a geriatric evaluation unit. Data were collected in 4 main domains: comorbidity, functional status, nutrition and geriatric syndromes. Statistical analyses identified homogeneous sub-groups of patients according to the 4 domains. Factors responsible for most part of the variability in the population distribution were retrieved in each domain using a cluster analysis. Results: We enrolled 71 women referred to Leon-Berard Cancer Center with localized breast cancer. As regards comorbidity, cluster analysis revealed that the number of CIRS-G grade 3 comorbidities was the most discriminating factor. As regards functional status, two sub-groups of patients were obtained. The first group consisted principally of women who were independent for bathing and shopping; moreover, most had ADL and IADL scores of 6/6 and 8/8, respectively. The second group mostly included women dependent for shopping or bathing. Cluster analysis of the two remaining domains (nutrition and geriatric syndromes) yielded inconsistent results when tested with a control method. Interestingly, a significant association was found between the functional sub-groups and both the number of significant problems detected and the number of recommendations issued by CGA. Indeed, at least 6 recommendations were made for 75% of the patients in the “dependent” sub-group versus only 2 in the “independent” sub-group (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: In this particular elderly population with localized breast cancer, special attention should be paid to comorbidity severity and functional status, since they have considerable impact on patients' health care plan. Comprehensive geriatric assessment allows efficient collection of data for characterizing these features and building care plans tailored to each patient. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pharmacokinetics of Fludarabine in Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Hee Young Ju, Ji Won Lee, Che Ry Hong, Hyery Kim, Kyung Duk Park, Hee Young Shin, Seokuee Kim, Kyungho Jang, Kyung-Sang Yu, In-Jin Jang, Hyoung Jin Kang
Journal: Blood (2014)
Full-spectrum (FUSE) versus standard forward-viewing colonoscopy in an organised colorectal cancer screening programme
Authors: Cesare Hassan, Carlo Senore, Franco Radaelli, Giovanni De Pretis, Romano Sassatelli, Arrigo Arrigoni, Gianpiero Manes, Arnaldo Amato, Andrea Anderloni, Franco Armelao, Alessandra Mondardini, Cristiano Spada, Barbara Omazzi, Maurizio Cavina, Gianni Miori, Chiara Campanale, Giuliana Sereni, Nereo Segnan, Alessandro Repici
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Miss rate of polyps has been shown to be substantially lower with full-spectrum endoscopy (FUSE) compared with standard forward-viewing (SFV) colonoscopy in a tandem study at per polyp analysis. However, there is uncertainty on whether FUSE is also associated with a higher detection rate of colorectal neoplasia, especially advanced lesions, in per patient analysis. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive subjects undergoing colonoscopy following a positive faecal immunochemical test (FIT) by experienced endoscopists and performed in the context of a regional colorectal cancer population-screening programme were randomised between colonoscopy with either FUSE or SFV colonoscopy in seven Italian centres. Randomisation was stratified by gender, age group and screening history. Primary outcomes included detection rates of advanced adenomas (A-ADR), adenomas (ADR) and sessile-serrated polyps (SSPDR). <h3>Results</h3> Of 741 eligible subjects, 658 were randomised to either FUSE (n=328) or SFV (n=330) colonoscopy and included in the analysis. Overall, 293/658 and 143/658 subjects had at least one adenoma (ADR 44.5%) and advanced adenoma (A-ADR 21.7%), respectively, while SSP was the most advanced lesion in 18 cases (SSPDR 2.7%). ADR and A-ADR were 43.6% and 19.5% in the FUSE arm, and 45.5% and 23.9% in the SFV arm, with no difference for both ADR (OR for FUSE: 0.96, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.14) and A-ADR (OR for FUSE: 0.82, 95% CI 0.61 to 1.09). No difference in SSPDR or multiplicity was detected between the two arms. In the per polyp analysis, the mean number of adenomas and proximal adenomas per patient was 0.81±1.25 and 0.47±0.93 in the FUSE arm, and 0.85±1.33 and 0.48±0.96 in the SFV colonoscopy arm (p=NS for both comparisons). <h3>Conclusions</h3> No statistically significant difference in ADR and A-ADR between FUSE and SFV colonoscopy was detected in a per patient analysis in FIT-positive patients. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> ISRCTN10357435.
Abstract 219: PHF20 induced necrotic like cell death mediated by ROS via enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis
Authors: Jisoo Park, Yuwen Li, Gyeyeong Kong, Kisun Mun, Hyunji Lee, Dohoon Kim, Quangdon Tran, Ming Wang, Bingjie Peng, Youngeun Hong, Gang Min Hur, Jongsun Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The importance of PHD finger protein 20 (PHF20) in the cellular process is recently emerging as a regulator for the p53 and NF-kB signaling as well as the reprograming process of induced pluripotent stem cell. In this study, we have provided the clear evidence that PHF20 exhibit the novel function in tumorigenesis by regulating the mitochondria biogenesis. Overexpression of PHF20 increases mitochondria biogenesis via up-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1-α (PGC1-α) in HCT116 cells. PHF20 overexpression enhances mitochondrial respiratory capacity and oxygen consumption, leading to the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulated ROS by PHF20 causes the necrotic like cell death in HCT116 cells. The measurement of mitochondrial ROS in the cells expressing PHF20 revealed that excessive production of mitochondrial ROS facilitates the formation of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, resulting in the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. PHF20-mediated ROS accumulation damages DNA and leads to over-activation of PARP but not caspase. Antioxidants and PARP-1 inhibitor are able to rescue PHF20 induced cell death, whereas z-VAD, pan-caspase inhibitor, had no effects. Immunohistochemical analysis of various human cancer revealed that PHF20 expression is highly elevated in most of tumor compared to normal tissue. Taken together, PHF20 appears to be tumor-specific antigen and PHF20-mediated PGC1-α upregulation is responsible for the elevation of intracellular ROS generation, resulting the necrotic like cell death. Thus, this study provided the new concept for treating glioma patients and novel pharmacological target in various cancers including glioblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma Citation Format: Jisoo Park, Yuwen Li, Gyeyeong Kong, Kisun Mun, Hyunji Lee, Dohoon Kim, Quangdon Tran, Ming Wang, Bingjie Peng, Youngeun Hong, Gang Min Hur, Jongsun Park. PHF20 induced necrotic like cell death mediated by ROS via enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 219.
Abstract 1115: Serum miR152 as a novel prognostic biomarker and potential tumor suppressor for early stage non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Taro Oba, Yuanqing Ye, Liren Zhang, Jing Lin, Emanuela Gentile, Jing Wang, Yang Zhao, Jiang Gu, Ignacio Wistuba, Jack A. Roth, Xifeng Wu, Lin Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Cancer-derived circulating miRNAs represent a promising new class of circulating biomarkers for cancer detection, prognosis, and therapeutic targets. We analyzed the differential c-miRNA expression levels of ∼100 candidate serum miRNAs by quantitative RT-PCR in 174 Caucasian, early stage lung cancer patients and 184 Caucasian healthy controls. Serum miR152 exhibited significant differential expression between cases and controls (P = 0.014). Low levels of serum miR152 expression were consistently associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. The down-regulated miR152 expression was also detected across a panel of 40 NSCLC and normal bronchial epithelial cell lines and in 250 primary tumors by miRNA expression profiling on microarrays. The tumor-derived origin of the c-miR150 was confirmed by an increased level of serum miR152 with increased tumor volumes three weeks after tumor cell inoculation in a human H1299 tumor xenograft mouse model by qRT-PCR assay. Ectopic expression of miR-152 suppressed tumor cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration/invasion in NSCLC H1299, H460, and A549 cells transfected by miR-152 expression plasmids. Inhibition of miR-152 expression by a miR-152 inhibitor promoted tumor cell proliferation in HCC15 cells. Overexpression of miR152 in H1299, H460 and A549 cells significantly down-regulated the constitutive expression of the DNMT1 miR-152 target gene and protein, suggesting its potential role in the epigenetic regulation of lung cancer pathogenesis. These results suggest that serum miR-152 may serve as a novel negative predictor for lung cancer risk, recurrence, and survival in early stage NSCLC and function as a potential tumor suppressor miRNA by epigenetic down-regulation of oncogenesis.(This study is partially supported by NIH/NCI grants Lung SPORE 5P50CA070907 and R01CA176568, a CPRIT Grant and a MDACC Moonshot Program Grant) Citation Format: Taro Oba, Yuanqing Ye, Liren Zhang, Jing Lin, Emanuela Gentile, Jing Wang, Yang Zhao, Jiang Gu, Ignacio Wistuba, Jack A. Roth, Xifeng Wu, Lin Ji. Serum miR152 as a novel prognostic biomarker and potential tumor suppressor for early stage non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1115.
Abstract 1638: Hypoxia-induced WSB1 promotes the metastatic potential of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Yijie Wang, Ji Cao, Rong Dong, Guanyu Lin, Zibo Chen, Ling Ding, Meidan Ying, Qiaojun He, Bo Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Intratumoral hypoxia occurs in many solid tumors, where it is associated with the development of metastatic character. However, the connections between these phenomena are not fully understood. In this study, we define an integrative role for the E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit WSB1. In primary osteosarcomas, increased levels of WSB1 correlated with pulmonary metastatic potential. RNAi-mediated attenuation of WSB1 or disruption of its E3 ligase activity potently suppressed tumor metastasis. Quantitative proteomic and functional analyses revealed that WSB1 ubiquitylates the Rho-binding protein RhoGDI2 and promotes its proteasomal degradation, thereby activating Rac1 to stimulate tumor cell motility and invasion. Our findings show how WSB1 regulates key steps of the metastatic cascade in hypoxia-driven osteosarcoma, and highlight a candidate therapeutic target to potentially improve the survival of patients with metastatic disease. Citation Format: Yijie Wang, Ji Cao, Rong Dong, Guanyu Lin, Zibo Chen, Ling Ding, Meidan Ying, Qiaojun He, Bo Yang. Hypoxia-induced WSB1 promotes the metastatic potential of osteosarcoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1638.
Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue remodelling during the anagen—catagen transition of the human hair follicle
Authors: S. COMMO, B.A. BERNARD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The transition from the growth phase (anagen) to the involution phase (catagen) involves profound morphological changes in the human hair follicle. Club hair and epithelial column formation, for example, are key features of the catagen phase, which result in the disruption of physical interaction between the bulb and the dermal papilla. However, the dynamics and tissue remodelling that occur during this involution process remain largely unknown. Using monoclonal antibodies directed against K14 keratin, trichohyalin, transglutaminase I, desmoglein and Ki-67 antigen, we followed the movements of each of the main hair follicle compartments during the onset of catagen. Our results indicate that the inner root sheath is an early target in this process, suggesting a key role for this compartment in the maintenance of hair follicle homeostasis.
Possibilities for preventive treatment in rheumatoid arthritis? Lessons from experimental animal models of arthritis: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis
Authors: J S Dekkers, J W Schoones, T W Huizinga, R E Toes, A H van der Helm-van Mil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Current research in rheumatoid arthritis focuses on preclinical disease phases as it is hypothesised that early preclinical treatment might prevent progression to full-blown disease. Since performance of studies in prearthritis phases in humans is challenging, animal models offer an opportunity to evaluate preventive treatments. We performed a systematic literature review and summarised treatment effects during different stages of arthritis development in animal models.Eight medical literature databases were systematically searched. Studies were selected if they reported effects of synthetic or biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in animal models of arthritis (collagen-induced arthritis and adjuvant-induced arthritis) on arthritis severity, as measured with arthritis severity scores, paw swelling or paw volume. Quality was assessed using an 11-item checklist. Study characteristics were extracted and effect sizes obtained in high-quality studies were summarised in meta-analyses. Studies were categorised into three groups: prophylactic (prior to generation of autoantibody response), prearthritis (after induction of autoantibody response) and therapeutic intervention (after arthritis development).Out of 1415 screened articles, 22 studies (including n=712 animals) were eligible of good quality and included in meta-analyses. Prophylactic (16 experiments, n=312 animals) and prearthritis treatment (9 experiments, n=156 animals) both were associated with a reduction of arthritis severity (p<0.001 and p=0.005, respectively). Stratified analyses for different antirheumatic drugs initiated in the prearthritis phase suggested higher efficacy of methotrexate than of anti-tumour necrosis factor.Data of experimental studies in animal models of arthritis suggest that prophylactic and prearthritis treatment strategies are effective and hint at differences in efficacy between antirheumatic drugs.
Activity Of Single Agent Temsirolimus and Associated Impact On Bone Marrow Vascularization and T-Cell Composition In Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes – Result Of The Prospective Temds Trial Of The German MDS-SG
Authors: Martin Wermke, Claudia Schuster, Claudia Schönefeldt, Christiane Jakob, Malte von Bonin, Florian Nolte, Philipp Kiewe, Regina Herbst, Ulrich Germing, Michael Aigner, Detlef Haase, Ina-Maria Klut, Nadja Jaekel, Gustavo Baretton, Martin Bornhäuser, Gerhard Ehninger, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Uwe Platzbecker
Journal: Blood (2013)
Accuracy of Prostate-Specific Antigen Values in Prostate Cancer Registries
Authors: Harsha R. Mittakanti, I-Chun Thomas, Jeremy B. Shelton, Danil V. Makarov, Ted A. Skolarus, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Benjamin I. Chung, Geoffrey A. Sonn, James D. Brooks, John T. Leppert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)
Abstract 2560: Significant association between a fatty acid-related genetic variant and the risk of lung cancer
Authors: Cheng Wang, Na Qin, Meng Zhu, Zhibin Hu, Hongbing Shen
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Systematically study the metabolism can help us understand the etiology of diseases. Recent metabolism GWAS provided us a chance to explore the association between serum metabolites and risk of diseases through genetic instruments. Based on the idea of mendelian randomization, we studied the associations between metabolites-related SNPs and lung cancer risk in 13,945 cases and 12,939 controls. We identified a fatty acid (FA) related SNP that was significantly associated with lung cancer risk (odd ratio (OR) = 0.87, P = 1.76×10-15) and this effect was stronger in females. We further validated a significant association between this SNP and serum levels of this FA (Beta = -0.57, P = 1.68×10-3) in 253 Chinese healthy individuals by LC-MS system. The association between the SNP and the expression of FA-related gene was also observed in the liver tissues (Beta = -0.84, P = 6.49×10-3). Together, we organized a mendelian randomization study which provided a FA related SNP as a female concentrated and smoke independent genetic determinant of lung cancer from the aspect of metabolites and proposed that higher level of this FA was a causal risk factor of lung cancer. Citation Format: Cheng Wang, Na Qin, Meng Zhu, Zhibin Hu, Hongbing Shen. Significant association between a fatty acid-related genetic variant and the risk of lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 2560.
Abstract 4568: 14-3-3z-mediated oncogenic signaling downstream of HER2 in breast cancer
Authors: Tsz Yin Chan, Courtney Banks, Bennet Peterson, Joshua Andersen
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The goal of this study is to identify mechanisms by which the oncogenic tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 promotes the growth and metastasis of breast cancer. Previously published work suggests that the phospho-binding protein 14-3-3ζ, which is highly expressed in a variety of breast cancer subtypes, promotes HER2-mediated oncogenic signaling. In this study, we hypothesized that 14-3-3ζ sustains HER2 signaling by binding to and modulating a network of proteins that are phosphorylated downstream of HER2 activation. Using proteomics as a tool to identify 14-3-3ζ interacting proteins in HER2+ breast cancer cells treated with or without Lapatinib (HER2 inhibitor), we identified a subset HER2-dependent 14-3-3ζ interacting proteins. We have focused our current effort on one of these proteins, SH3BP4, which plays a critical role in controlling mTOR activation. We have identified a nutrient-sensitive phosphorylation within a putative 14-3-3ζ binding site on SH3BP4 and we are currently working to understand its mechanism of regulation and impact on mTOR-mediated growth signaling downstream of HER2. Citation Format: Tsz Yin Chan, Courtney Banks, Bennet Peterson, Joshua Andersen. 14-3-3z-mediated oncogenic signaling downstream of HER2 in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4568.
Novel prognostic factors in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (MUC).
Authors: Patrik Palacka, Jarmila Kucharska, Michal Mego, Jan Luha, Zuzana Sumbalova, Daniela Svetlovska, Katarina Rejlekova, Jozef Mardiak, Anna Gvozdjakova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15525 Background: Platinum-based chemotherapy led to stimulation of primarily damaged antioxidant defence system and lipid peroxidation reduction in MUC patients as we published before. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of plasma lipids, selected antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation on survival of MUC patients. Methods: From May 2010 to September 2014, 73 MUC patients (78% male) were enrolled into this prospective study. The median age was 66 years (range 41-83 years). The primary tumor site was the bladder (84% of patients), the renal pelvis (12% of patients), and the ureter (4% of patients). Patients were treated with cisplatin 70 mg/m2 (93% of patients) or carboplatin AUC = 5 (7% of patients) day 1 and gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 days 1 and 8. Plasma antioxidants (gamma-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, CoQ10-TOTAL) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, TBARS (lipid peroxidation) was determined spectrophotometrically. Results: The median survival time for the entire cohort was 10.0 months (95% CI, 8.0-12.0). In univariate analysis, six factors were associated with an adverse prognosis: KPS < 80 vs ≥ 80% (3.0 vs 12.0 months, P < 0.001), TAG > 2 vs ≤ 2 mmol/L (9.0 vs 13.0 months, P = 0.024), HDL cholesterol < 0.99 vs ≥ 0.99 mmol/L (9.0 vs 13.0 months, P = 0.040), VLDL cholesterol > 0.58 vs ≤ 0.58 mmol/L (9.0 vs 13.0 months, P = 0.022), beta-carotene ≤ 0.19 vs > 0.19 μmol/L (9.0 vs 16.0 months, P = 0.006), and TBARS > 6.17 vs ≤ 6.17 μmol/L (7.0 vs13.0 months, P = 0.035]. In multivariate analysis, KPS and plasma beta-carotene were determined to have independent significance for survival. Conclusions: Except an established prognostic factor KPS, higher plasma beta-carotene had a positive impact on overall survival in this prospective study. We speculate that beta-carotene as a part of antioxidant defence system could influence the effectivity of platinum-based chemotherapy. Next studies shall concentrate on the effect of its substitution on outcome improving. This study was supported by Grant VEGA 1/0614/12.