tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Transmissibility of Staphylococci to Patients Receiving an Antimicrobial Drug
Authors: C. A. Berntsen, Walsh McDermott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

AN important question regarding the staphylococcal infections acquired within hospitals has to do with the relative transmissibilities of the drug-resistant and the drug-susceptible strains. By  is meant the capacity of a strain to survive transfer to a new host and to maintain itself successfully there. It must be recognized that transmissibility and pathogenicity are not necessarily identical properties. Nevertheless, an enhancement of pathogenicity or an increase in host susceptibility might lead to increased transmissibility. Other attributes, however, such as the increased capacity of a particular strain of staphylococci to survive outside the body, could also lead to increased transmissibility . . .
A Randomized, Multi-Center, Parallel-Group, Phase Ii(Single Blind)/Iii(Double Blind) Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Green Cross Pegteograstim (Gcpgc) on Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia Compared to Pegfilgrastim
Authors: M.H. Lee, K.H. Lee, J. Kim, K.U. Park, I. Park, E.K. Cho, J.H. Lim, S. Yoon, J.H. Kim, I.S. Choi, J. Park, Y.J. Choi, H.J. Kim, K.H. Jung, S. Kim, D. Oh, S. Im
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
AB0592 Clinical and laboratory correlates of diabetes-induced knee osteoarthritis severity.
Authors: E. P. Trifonova, I. V. Shirinsky, O. V. Sazonova, V. S. Shirinsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Recently, osteoarthritis (OA) has been shown to be a heterogeneous disease. Several OA phenotypes have been proposed, including post-traumatic, genetic, nodal generalized and metabolic OA. One of the possible phenotypes of OA is diabetes (type II) - associated osteoarthritis (T2D-associated OA). There is growing number of epidemiological and experimental data suggesting the presence of type II diabetes (T2D) associated OA. Raised glucose levels, proinflammatory cytokines, and adipose tissue may play a role in the pathogenesis of DM-associated OA. It can be hypothesized that this OA phenotype has a distinct set of biomarkers reflecting its peculiar pathogenesis features. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to evaluate clinical and laboratory features of knee T2D-associated OA and to examine the association of anthropometric measures and serum cytokines levels with OA function and pain outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients who participated in this study had bilateral knee OA according to ACR criteria and T2D diagnosed one year before the start of joint disease. We assessed serum cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10) and glycated hemoglobin concentrations using ELISA, and liquid chromatography, respectively. We performed a correlation analysis investigating associations between laboratory data, anthropometric measures and pain, stiffness, physical function, quality of life as reported by participants using an interview-lead questionnaire (Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score - KOOS, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index – WOMAC, VAS scale). Correlation was assessed using Spearman correlation coefficient (r<sub>s)</sub>. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty three participants were examined, median age was 63 (interquartile range (IQR): 58, 25-69). Forty four were women (84.12%) with median body mass index (BMI) 34.35 (IQR: 31.98-39.78) and eleven were men (15.87%) with median BMI 31.11 (IQR: 26.89-35.23). Significant correlation was found beween waist circumference (WC), BMI and most of pain and function outcomes measures (Table). Serum cytokines concentrations and HbA1c were not correlated with OA severity measures. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study suggests that waist circumference and BMI are linked with the severity of knee T2D-associated OA. The correlation between serum cytokines concentrations and OA pain and function measures was not observed. A positive association between waist circumference and T2D-associated OA may suppose a role of adipose tissue derived factors in this OA phenotype. These data should be verified by larger studies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Advertising campaign highlights value of medical record data
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Eight UK medical research organisations have launched a campaign promoting the use of anonymised medical records to improve healthcare. They fear that a new leaflet from NHS England, which details plans to access patients’ data, will alarm some people and cause them to opt out, potentially damaging the usefulness of the database.

The original plan had been to begin extracting patients’ data from GPs in autumn last year, but this was pushed back to March 2014 after GPs complained they had not been given enough time to inform patients of their right to opt out. NHS England agreed to launch a national awareness campaign to ensure that nobody could claim that …
Underlying Causes and Long-Term Survival in Patients with Initially Unexplained Cardiomyopathy
Authors: G. Michael Felker, Richard E. Thompson, Joshua M. Hare, Ralph H. Hruban, Diedre E. Clemetson, David L. Howard, Kenneth L. Baughman, Edward K. Kasper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Previous studies of the prognosis of patients with heart failure due to cardiomyopathy categorized patients according to whether they had ischemic or nonischemic disease. The prognostic value of identifying more specific underlying causes of cardiomyopathy is unknown.We evaluated the outcomes of 1230 patients with cardiomyopathy. The patients were grouped into the following categories according to underlying cause: idiopathic cardiomyopathy (616 patients), peripartum cardiomyopathy (51); and cardiomyopathy due to myocarditis (111), ischemic heart disease (91), infiltrative myocardial disease (59), hypertension (49), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (45), connective-tissue disease (39), substance abuse (37), therapy with doxorubicin (15), and other causes (117). Cox proportional-hazards analysis was used to assess the association between the underlying cause of cardiomyopathy and survival.During a mean follow-up of 4.4 years, 417 patients died and 57 underwent cardiac transplantation. As compared with the patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy, the patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy had better survival (adjusted hazard ratio for death, 0.31; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.09 to 0.98), and survival was significantly worse among the patients with cardiomyopathy due to infiltrative myocardial disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.40; 95 percent confidence interval, 3.04 to 6.39), HIV infection (adjusted hazard ratio, 5.86; 95 percent confidence interval, 3.92 to 8.77), therapy with doxorubicin (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.46; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.67 to 7.18), and ischemic heart disease (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.52; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.07 to 2.17).The underlying cause of heart failure has prognostic value in patients with unexplained cardiomyopathy. Patients with peripartum cardiomyopathy appear to have a better prognosis than those with other forms of cardiomyopathy. Patients with cardiomyopathy due to infiltrative myocardial diseases, HIV infection, or doxorubicin therapy have an especially poor prognosis.
Abstract 366: Novel self-folding tricyclic cholic acid-peptide hybrids as nanotherapeutic ligands targeting prostate and breast cancers and human embryonic stem cells
Authors: David J. Olivos, Mary R. Saunders, Yoshiko Maeda, Kit S. Lam
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of death in American men accounting for 10% of all cancer-related mortalities. According to NCI statistics from 2005-2007, 1 in 6 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime. Despite the use of chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced or metastatic disease, cellular resistance to anticancer drugs and adverse side effects to healthy organs limit therapeutic efficacy. A targeted pro-apoptotic drug delivery system has been developed for the selective destruction of malignant tumors and tumorigenic stem cells. A novel self-folding tricyclic branched library was synthesized. Fixed hydrophobic amino acids near the N-terminus (position 5) of twin branched peptide arms fold back onto the hydrophobic face of the planar cholic acid molecule to form a compact tricyclic molecule. The novel bracelet library was screened using a One Bead Two Compounds (OB2C) combinatorial chemistry approach. Receptors expressed on cancerous cells serve as the targets for the tricyclic molecules to induce apoptotic signaling. Receptors for LDO 18, found on prostate cancer and stem cells, serve as the carrier vector, enabling the targeted delivery of the anticancer drug to the tumor mass. This approach spares normal tissues from toxic side effects of the peptidomimetic compounds. Preliminary studies suggest that tumors of ovarian and breast origin can also be targeted using LDO18. Lead therapeutic compounds will be conjugated to LDO18 nanocarriers along with LHRH analogues to evaluate the efficacy and combined potency to prostate, ovarian, and breast cancer xenografts in nude mice and orthotropic models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 366. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-366
FRI0379 Salivary Metabolomics of Primary SjÖGren's Syndrome
Authors: G. Kageyama, J. Saegusa, S. Tanaka, S. Takahashi, M. Nishida, K. Tsuda, Y. Yamamoto, T. Okano, K. Akashi, K. Nishimura, S. Sendo, Y. Kogata, S. Kawano, A. Morinobu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Primary Sjögren9s syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy characterised by the infiltration of mononuclear cells into salivary and lacrimal glands leading to destruction of the parenchymal tissue and causing oral and ocular dryness. Omics studies such as genomics, proteomics and metabolomics have been extensively used to elucidate biological mechanisms of diseases through collective characterization and quantification of pools of biological molecules and generating molecular profiles for biospecimens. Saliva contains a variety of informative substances which may closely reflect the pathogenetic process of pSS in salivary glands. In fact, salivary proteomics from pSS patients have detected some proteins as biomarkers for pSS diagnosis. To date, metabolomics has been widely conducted and is regarded as the end point of “omics cascade” and most predictive of phenotype. However, salivary metabolomics from pSS patients has not been reported up-to-date. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the salivary metabolite profile between patients with pSS and healthy control (HC) subjects. <h3>Methods</h3> We obtained saliva from 12 female pSS patients (mean age 44.2±13.01) and 21 age-matched female HCs by spitting for 15 minutes. The metabolite profile of saliva specimens were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The levels of metabolites were calibrated by saliva volume per 15 minutes enabling us to compare the metabolite production level of whole salivary glands for 15 minutes. <h3>Results</h3> 88 metabolites were detected by our system. 32 metabolites were decreased and only one metabolite was increased in pSS patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a loss in salivary metabolite diversity in pSS patients compared to HCs. The decrease of Glysine, Tyrosine, Uric Acid and Fucose which may reflect the destruction of salivary gland due to chronic sialoadenitis contributed to the loss of diversity. PCA amongst pSS patients revealed that pSS could be divided into two subpopulations according to their metabolite profiles and the prevalence of major salivary glanditis was different between the two subpopulations (p=0.014). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this preliminary study, the salivary metabolite profile of pSS patients was less diverse compared to controls. Salivary metabolite profile was affected by the presence of major salivary glanditis suggesting that salivary metabolomics may serve as a prospective approach to discover the underlying pathogenesis of pSS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1201
LITOTRICIA ELECTROHIDRÁULICA CON SISTEMA SPYGLASS EN LA COLEDOCOLITIASIS DE TRATAMIENTO COMPLEJO
Authors: V Martínez Escapa, B Castelló Ruiz, N Jiménez García, N Alonso Lázaro, L Argüello Viudez, M Ponce Romero, V Pertejo Pastor, V Pons Beltrán
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: Las técnicas endoscópicas convencionales para tratamiento de litiasis (esfinterotomía endoscópica y extracción con balón o cesta) obtienen éxito en el 80–90% de los casos. En los casos de litiasis de tratamiento complejo (LTC) por su tamaño o discordancia con el colédoco, es necesario recurrir a técnicas de fragmentación. La Litotricia Electrohidráulica (LEH) junto con la coledocoscopia pueden ser eficaces en estos casos.
A10.9 Evidence for Progressive Reduction and Loss of Telocytes in the Dermal Cellular Network of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Mirko Manetti, Serena Guiducci, Martina Ruffo, Irene Rosa, Maria Simonetta Faussone-Pellegrini, Lidia Ibba-Manneschi, Marco Matucci-Cerinic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<b>Introduction:</b> Although hepatic and pulmonary consequences of severe α1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency have been recognised for over 50 years, this hereditary condition remains under-diagnosed. A diagnostic kit (Apha-SpotTM) has thus been developed by LFB to enable quantitation and phenotyping of A1AT using dried blood spots (Balduyck et al. Ann Biol Clin 2014; 72:689-704). <b>Aims and objective:</b> To assess the performance of the Alpha-SpotTM kit over the first 9 months of use. <b>Methods:</b> The study was conducted by community-based chest physicians. The diagnostic kit contained material for capillary blood collection and spotting it on filter paper, conditioning and dispatching to the screening laboratories. On the sample card a space was devoted for providing patient informations. <b>Results:</b> Two hundred and forty blood samples received between March and December 2016. Due to incomplete coverage of circles drawn on the filter paper, 234 could be assayed and 227 phenotyped or genotyped. Mean age was 57,3 years, 66% were men and 57% non-smokers. Clinical history was documented for 197 patients: 144 had emphysema. The mean A1AT concentration was 1.21 ± 0.44 g/L. The observed phenotypes were 154 PiM, 28 PiMS, 1 PiS, 24 PiMZ, 4 rare deficient heterozygous phenotypes (PiFM, PiMMmalton, PiMMprocida, PiMQ0) and 16 (7%) severely deficient phenotypes (10 PIZ, 5 PiSZ and 1 PIMmalton). <b>Conclusions:</b> Although further instructions should be provided to improve the quality of sample preparation, initial results indicate that this kit represents a promising diagnostic test for A1AT deficiency in routine consultations of pneumologists from community practice.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia and Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Matthias Oelke, Keith F Parsons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

1. Beilhack A, Schulz S, Baker J, et al. In vivo analyses of early events in acute graft-versus-host disease reveal sequential infiltration of T-cell subsets. Blood 2005;106:1113-22. 2. Shlomchik WD, Couzens MS, Tang CB, et al. Prevention of graft versus host disease by inactivation of host antigen-presenting cells. Science 1999;285:412-5. 3. Chevallier P, Labopin M, Milpied N, et al. Impact of cytogenetics risk on outcome after reduced intensity conditioning alloSCT from an HLA-identical sibling for patients with AML in first CR: a report from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2012 April 16 (Epub ahead of print). 4. Dodero A, Spina F, Narni F, et al. Allogeneic transplantation following a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen in relapsed/ refractory peripheral T-cell lymphomas: long-term remissions and response to donor lymphocyte infusions support the role of a graft-versus-lymphoma effect. Leukemia 2012;26:520-6. 5. Cwynarski K, van Biezen A, de Wreede L, et al. Autologous and allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for transformed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (Richter’s syndrome): a retrospective analysis from the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Subcommittee of the Chronic Leukemia Working Party and Lymphoma Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:2211-7.
P2-15-09: Prospective Randomized Comparison of Conventional Instruments and the Harmonic Focus® Device in Breast-Conserving Therapy for Primary Breast Cancer.
Authors: D Böhm, A Kubitza, A Lebrecht, M Schmidt, H Kölbl
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: In recent years, surgeons have utilized Harmonic instruments to perform breast cancer resection. Retrospective and prospective studies have demonstrated that the use of this surgical device for mastectomy and axillary dissection can reduce perioperative blood loss, seroma formation, and duration and total amount of drainage. No study has analyzed the feasibility of Harmonic instruments in breast-conserving surgery. We conducted a prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing Harmonic instrument and conventional surgery in the performance of breast conserving surgery and axillary procedures to determine differences in surgical procedures, postoperative outcome, and complications. Methods: One hundred and forty seven patients with operable breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery at a single institution between December 2009 and March 2011 were included in the analysis. Surgery was performed in 73 patients with the Harmonic Focus® device and in 74 with scissors and electrocautery. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, histopathologic reports, surgical procedures, length of stay, volume and duration of postoperative drainage, complications such as seroma and hematoma formation, and postoperative pain. Results: We found a statistically significant difference in size of resected breast tissue (p&amp;lt;0.001), postoperative serum hemoglobin (p=0.001), volume (p&amp;lt;0.001) and duration (p&amp;lt;0.001) of breast drainage, volume (p&amp;lt;0.001) and duration (p=0.001) of axillary drainage, intramammary (p=0.04) and axillary (p=0.006) seroma formation, subjective (p=0.012) and objective (p&amp;lt;0.001) postoperative pain, and length of hospital stay (p=0.002) in favor of the Harmonic surgical device. Discussion: This is the only study comparing the Harmonic instrument with traditional surgery in both breast conserving surgery and axillary procedures. From this study, we conclude that despite higher costs, the Harmonic device is safe to use and provides key benefits in intraoperative technique, postoperative outcome, and rate of complications in breast cancer surgery. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-15-09.
SAT0391 Prevalence of Obesity and its Correlates in a Fibromyalgia Cohort
Authors: C. E. Gota, B. Nutter, W. S. Wilke
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Obesity has been associated with higher levels of fibromyalgia symptoms and worse quality of life. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the prevalence of obesity and its correlates in a well characterized fibromyalgia cohort. <h3>Methods</h3> All new consecutive patients clinically diagnosed with fibromyalgia between September 1<sup>st</sup>, 2008 and January 31<sup>st</sup>, 2011, were enrolled in the study. Three hundred and six patients were enrolled. We recorded detailed demographics, symptoms, family history and comorbidities. All patients completed the Brief Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ -9), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Mood Disorders Questionnaire (MDQ), Fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), Symptom Intensity Scale (SIS) and Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI). <h3>Results</h3> Of the 306 fibromyalgia patients, 34.2% were overweight and 43.3% were obese. The strongest BMI correlations were found with: with prior history of sleep apnea r=0.367 (0.222, 0.512), p=0.001; performing aerobic exercise 3 times a week for at least 30 minutes r=-0.250 (-0.401, -0.099), p=0.001; total number of medications taken for fibromyalgia r=0.336 (0.192, 0.466), p=0.001; total number of comorbidities r=0.246 (0.097, 0.385), p=0.001; MDQ score r=0.166 (0.013, 0.311), p =0.001; family history of bipolar disorder r=0.184 (0.031, 0.337), p=0.019; HAQ-DI r=0.231 (0.076, 0.385), p=0.004; the presence ³11 tender points r=-0.206 (-0.358, -0.054), p=0.008; depression score (PHQ-9) r=0.197 (0.045, 0.340), p =0.011; antidepressant use r=0.199 (0.048, 0.351), p=0.01; use of gabapentin or pregabalin r=0.176 (0.023, 0.328), p=0.024; use of narcotics r=0.172 (0.019, 0.324), p=0.028; use of sleep medications r=0.176 (0.023, 0.328), p=0.024. <h3>Conclusions</h3> More than three quarters of all the 306 patients with fibromyalgia were overweight or obese. Obesity is associated with the lack of exercise, the number of comorbidities, associated mood disorders. The relationship of BMI with HAQ-DI and tender points suggests that weight is related to the severity of fibromyalgia and disability. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Accountable… but to whom?
Authors: Arnold Zermansky
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2013)

In proposing accountability as the missing attribute of NHS management, you stop short of exploring its inherent conflict.1 For 65 years doctors and nurses have wrestled with having two masters, the patient (as ever) and the Service. The NHS has relied upon them juggling this tension within an overarching doctrine of patient priority. The General Medical Council (GMC) and the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) have been the ultimate arbiters of this, explicitly describing professional and unprofessional conduct. Paradoxically, doctors derive comfort from GMC disciplinary activity when it reinforces patient primacy, sometimes iconoclastically, as a few senior doctors have found to their cost.
Developing a database of high definition endoscopic videos and images in your institution
Authors: N. Desai, S. Gaddam, N. Gupta, M. Singh, G. Balasubramanian, V. Kanakadandi, A. Bansal, P. Sharma
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

The introduction of the computer has revolutionized countless aspects of modern medicine, from the use of social media in public health promotion [1] [2] [3] to the use of computer algorithms to develop genetic treatments in the burgeoning field of bioinformatics [4] [5]. Similarly, the introduction of a computer into the endoscopy suite affords many new possibilities and undoubtedly represents the future of the field. The ability to digitally immortalize endoscopy procedures and findings exactly as the endoscopist sees them could enable a host of advancements in education, research, and telemedicine. Unfortunately, there are a number of hurdles involved in realizing this vision, the first of which is that there is no easy all-in-one solution to integrating a computer into an endoscopy suite. A number of professional-grade hardware and software components must be brought together to enable video transfer, capture, import, and editing. Few gastroenterologists have the requisite familiarity with these technologies, and there has long been a need for greater education in this field. The solution we present is a database of high definition endoscopic videos and images, henceforth referred to as a DEVI. At its core, a DEVI consists of a video recorder, high-end computer, and video editing software, and facilitates a series of relatively straightforward tasks: the recording, editing, viewing, and sharing of endoscopies.