tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-term Microvascular Disease Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery: Evidence for the Legacy Effect of Surgery
Authors: Karen J. Coleman, Sebastien Haneuse, Eric Johnson, Andy Bogart, David Fisher, Patrick J. O’Connor, Nancy E. Sherwood, Steve Sidney, Mary Kay Theis, Jane Anau, Emily B. Schroeder, Rebecca O’Brien, David Arterburn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

To identify and quantify any legacy effect of bariatric surgery on risk of incident microvascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study (n = 4,683; 40% racial/ethnic minority) of patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent bariatric surgery from 2001 through 2011. The primary outcome measure was incident microvascular disease defined as a composite indicator of the first occurrence of retinopathy, neuropathy, and/or nephropathy. The Cox proportional hazards framework was used to investigate the associations between type 2 diabetes remission/relapse status and time to microvascular disease.Covariate-adjusted analyses showed that patients who experienced type 2 diabetes remission had 29% lower risk of incident microvascular disease compared with patients who never remitted (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71 [95% CI 0.60, 0.85]). Among patients who experienced a relapse after remission, the length of time spent in remission was inversely related to the risk of incident microvascular disease; for every additional year of time spent in remission prior to relapse, the risk of microvascular disease was reduced by 19% (HR 0.81 [95% CI 0.67, 0.99]) compared with patients who never remitted.Our results indicate that remission of type 2 diabetes after bariatric surgery confers benefits for risk of incident microvascular disease even if patients eventually experience a relapse of their type 2 diabetes. This provides support for a legacy effect of bariatric surgery, where even a transient period of surgically induced type 2 diabetes remission is associated with lower long-term microvascular disease risk.
Medical References
Authors: J. V. Hirschmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Scholarship, which Samuel Johnson labeled an "epidemical conspiracy for the destruction of paper, " has its occasional, well publicized triumphs; the crimes generally go unreported. Such misprision occurs because there is usually no taxonomy to make the infractions easily recognizable. Nowhere is this deficiency more profound than in the use of references, where errors abound like pullulating rabbits. The following system, devised to remedy this appalling situation, employs Roman numerals with alphabetical subsets to make it, like the Fredrickson classification of hyperlipoproteinemias, both authoritatively scientific and eminently forgettable.I. A. Referential IncestIn Referential Incest the author's references are entirely . . .
Eye Care Guidelines for Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: M B Grant, R N Mames
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

ye care in the diabetic patient reflects a partnership between the primary physician and the eye doctor.The primary physician plays a fundamental role in the medical management, education, and coordination of care for the person with diabetes mellitus.The primary physician should be familiar with the indications for ophthalmic care in patients with diabetes.Therefore, these guidelines are proposed for the familiarity of all involved health professions, and a suggested timetable for patient examination is included.
Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice. IV. Analysis of Dose Response Data with Methylcholanthrene
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin, James N. McClelland
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Induced Pulmonary Tumors in Mice. IV. Analysis of Dose Response Data with Methylcholanthrene Get access Michael B. Shimkin, Michael B. Shimkin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James N. McClelland James N. McClelland Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, and University of California Medical School, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 3, December 1949, Pages 597–603, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.3.597 Published: 01 December 1949 Article history Received: 06 July 1949 Published: 01 December 1949
A Widespread Pruritic Rash With Facial Swelling and Black Streaks
Authors: Anar Mikailov, Marilyn G. Liang
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

A girl aged 4 years presented with a 5-day history of pruritic rash on her arms, neck, axillae, and face. On examination, the patient had jet black, well-defined, and slightly shiny linear streaks with peripheral erythema on her right forearm. What is your diagnosis?
Riluzole in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: R S Burgerman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Publisher Summary   This chapter discusses the efficacy of riluzole in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Riluzole has been demonstrated to increase the survival of patients suffering from ALS, a rapidly fatal neurodegenerative disease affecting motoneurons (MNs), in two double-blind placebo-controlled studies. Two independent double-blind placebo-controlled studies were conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of riluzole. In the first study, the benefit was observed in the whole population, but mainly for the patients with the bulbar onset form of the disease. Riluzole showed a dose-related neuroprotective effect on the hypobaric hypoxic quantitative electroencephalogram modifications by comparison with placebo. In the second study, the benefit was clearly not limited to these patients but was observed in both groups. Survival analyses have demonstrated that riluzole is able to delay the progression of the disease and increases the survival of ALS patients. It is found that riluzole efficacy in patients suffering from ALS supports an involvement of excitatory amino acids, as a primary or secondary event, in ALS etiology.
Gene Expression Versus Sequence for Predicting Function: Glia Maturation Factor Gamma is not a Glia Maturation Factor
Authors: Michael G. Walker
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2003)

It is standard practice, whenever a researcher finds a new gene, to search databases for genes that have a similar sequence. It is not standard practice, whenever a researcher finds a new gene, to search for genes that have similar expression (co-expression). Failure to perform co-expression searches has lead to incorrect conclusions about the likely function of new genes, and has lead to wasted laboratory attempts to confirm functions incorrectly predicted. We present here the example of Glia Maturation Factor gamma (GMF-gamma). Despite its name, it has not been shown to participate in glia maturation. It is a gene of unknown function that is similar in sequence to GMF-beta. The sequence homology and chromosomal location led to an unsuccessful search for GMF-gamma mutations in glioma. We examined GMF-gamma expression in 1432 human cDNA libraries. Highest expression occurs in phagocytic, antigen-presenting and other hematopoietic cells. We found GMF-gamma mRNA in almost every tissue examined, with expression in nervous tissue no higher than in any other tissue. Our evidence indicates that GMF-gamma participates in phagocytosis in antigen presenting cells. Searches for genes with similar sequences should be supplemented with searches for genes with similar expression to avoid incorrect predictions.
PWE-415 Kappa study to identify inter-observer variability in peri-operative risk assessment
Authors: A Mirza, C Smart
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity (POSSUM) and subsequently P-POSSUM, has been used routinely in surgery as a tool for auditing peri-operative outcome. Recent reports reviewing provision of unscheduled care, commissioning guidance and the NELA audit put risk assessment as a priority. Accurate quantification of risk in these patients is important as this can affect pre-operative decision making, but 8 of the parameters are subjective in nature. The aim of this study was to identify any variation in reporting peri-operative risk in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy between anaesthetists and surgeons of varying grades. <h3>Method</h3> Prospective P-POSSUM data was independently collected for 18 patients undergoing emergency laparotomy by all anaesthetic and surgical team members. Kappa (<i>k</i>) score was used to identify inter-observer variability (&gt;80 significant). <h3>Results</h3> The median age was 43 (range 24 to 86) years with 8 male and 10 female patients. There was wide variation in reporting of risk especially in objective physiological parameters (cardiac <i>p = 0</i>.20, respiratory <i>p = 0</i>.23) and objective operative parameters, operation type (p = 0.16, <i>k</i>=10), peritoneal contamination (p = 0.36, <i>k</i>=43). Overall this lead to poor concordance in operative morbidity (<i>p = 0</i>.42, <i>k</i>=56) and mortality (<i>p = 0</i>.67, <i>k</i>=49). The anaesthetist predict significantly higher mortality as compared to a general surgeon (p = 0.02). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study has shown wide variation in prediction of peri-operative risk with anaesthetists predicting higher levels. P-POSSUM is a tool designed for surgical audit, not pre-operative risk. Quantative assessment of risk is necessary and anaesthetists and surgeons must both agree before documenting and discussing with patients. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Schizophrenia following in utero exposure to the 1957 influenza epidemics in Japan
Authors: H Kunugi, S Nanko, N Takei, K Saito, N Hayashi, H Kazamatsuri
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Studies in Finland, England, and Denmark have reported that individuals exposed to the 1957 A2 influenza pandemic during their second trimester in utero are at greater risk for later schizophrenia. However, other studies in England, the United States, and Holland reported no such association. The authors' goal was to shed light on these conflicts.They compared the number of individuals who later developed schizophrenia who were born in the 5 months after the peak prevalence of three distinct 1957 influenza epidemics in Japan with the mean number of individuals who later developed schizophrenia who were born in the corresponding months of the 4 years surrounding the epidemics.A significantly greater number of females but not males who later developed schizophrenia were born during the risk exposure months than in the non-risk-exposure months.These findings, although weak, lend support to the claim that in utero exposure to influenza epidemics is a risk factor for adult schizophrenia.
Renal vasoconstriction with U-46,619; role of arachidonate metabolites.
Authors: C S Wilcox, W H Folger, W J Welch
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) or its stable mimetic U-46,619 can increase the generation of arachidonate metabolites. Therefore, these studies were designed to investigate the role of prostaglandins, TxA2, and leukotrienes in the renal vascular response to U-46,619. Anesthetized rats were studied during a basal period and during an intra-aortic infusion of vehicle or U-46,619 (1 micrograms/kg per minute). U-46,619 reduced the GFR and the RBF without changing the mean arterial pressure or the femoral vascular resistance. All of the effects of U-46,619 were blocked by pretreatment with the TxA2/prostaglandin H2 receptor antagonist SQ-29,548. Pretreatment with the cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor indomethacin did not modify the renal vascular response to U-46,619. However, pretreatment with the TxA2 synthesis inhibitor UK-38,485 or with the leukotriene D4/E4 antagonist LY-163,443 markedly blunted the U-46,619-induced increase in renal vascular resistance and the decrease in GFR. These results indicate that the renal vascular response to U-46,619 is receptor mediated and is promoted by TxA2 and leukotriene D4/E4.
Staphylococcal enterotoxin A–activated regulatory T cells promote allergen-specific T H 2 response to intratracheal allergen inoculation
Authors: Wei-ping Zeng, Margaret M. McFarland, Baohua Zhou, Silva Holtfreter, Susan Flesher, Ambrose Cheung, Avishek Mallick
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Platelet Transfusion Therapy
Authors: M Bláha, J Malý, J Vanásek, L Jebavý, O Siroký, M Pecka
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Selves
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

THERE are psychiatric patients who are said to be incapacitated by having more than one self. One of these, an attractive, intelligent young woman in distress, turned up on a television talk show a while back, sponsored to reveal her selves and their disputes. She possessed, she said, or was possessed by, no fewer than eight other separate women, all different, with different names, arguing and elbowing their way into control of the enterprise, causing unending confusion and embarrassment. She (they) wished to be rid of all of them (her), except of course herself (themselves).People like this are called . . .
Cross-Sectional Associations of Serum Perfluoroalkyl Acids and Thyroid Hormones in U.S. Adults: Variation According to TPOAb and Iodine Status (NHANES 2007–2008)
Authors: Glenys M. Webster, Stephen A. Rauch, Nathalie Ste Marie, Andre Mattman, Bruce P. Lanphear, Scott A. Venners
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFASs) are suspected thyroid toxicants, but results from epidemiological studies are inconsistent.We examined associations between serum PFASs and thyroid hormones (THs) in a representative, cross-sectional sample of U.S. adults. We hypothesized that people with high thyroid peroxidase antibodies and low iodine would be more susceptible to PFAS-induced thyroid disruption.Our sample included 1,525 adults (≥ 18 years) from the 2007-2008 NHANES study with available serum PFASs and THs. We examined associations between four serum PFASs [perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS)], and serum THs [free triiodothyronine (fT3), free thyroxine (fT4), fT3/fT4, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total T3 (TT3), and total T4 (TT4)] using multivariable linear regression. We stratified subjects into four groups by two indicators of thyroid "stress": thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb ≥ 9 IU/mL) and iodine status (< 100 μg/L urine).Of 1,525 participants, 400 (26%) had low iodine only (T0I1), 87 (6%) had high TPOAb only (T1I0), and 26 (2%) had both high TPOAb and low iodine (T1I1). In general, associations were similar among participants in the groups with neither (T0I0) or only one thyroid stressor (T0I1 or T1I0), suggesting that PFAS-TH associations were not modified by high TPOAb or low iodine alone. However, PFHxS and PFOS were negatively associated (p < 0.05) with fT4, and all four PFASs were positively associated (p < 0.05) with fT3, fT3/fT4, TSH, and TT3 in the group with joint exposure to high TPOAb and low iodine (T1I1).We found evidence of PFAS-associated thyroid disruption in a subset of U.S. adults with high TPOAb (a marker of autoimmune hypothyroidism) and low iodine status, who may represent a vulnerable subgroup. However, the small sample size, cross-sectional design, and possibility of reverse causation are limitations of this work.Webster GM, Rauch SA, Ste Marie N, Mattman A, Lanphear BP, Venners SA. 2016. Cross-sectional associations of serum perfluoroalkyl acids and thyroid hormones in U.S. adults: variation according to TPOAb and iodine status (NHANES 2007-2008). Environ Health Perspect 124:935-942; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409589.
Phenomenology of major depression from childhood through adulthood: analysis of three studies
Authors: G A Carlson, J H Kashani
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The frequency of depressive symptoms was compared in four psychiatrically referred populations: preschool (N = 9) and prepubertal (N = 95) children, adolescents (N = 92), and adults (N = 100). All had been systematically interviewed and diagnosed according to very similar criteria. Symptoms of depressed mood, diminished concentration, insomnia, and suicidal ideation occurred with similar frequencies across this developmental span. Anhedonia, diurnal variation, hopelessness, psychomotor retardation, and delusions increased with age; depressed appearance, low self-esteem, and somatic complaints decreased with age. The authors conclude that age modifies symptom frequency but does not alter basic phenomenology.
A Transplantable Mast-Cell Neoplasm in the Mouse
Authors: Thelma B. Dunn, Michael Potter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article A Transplantable Mast-Cell Neoplasm in the Mouse Get access Thelma B. Dunn, Thelma B. Dunn Laboratory of Pathology and Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael Potter Michael Potter Laboratory of Pathology and Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 4, April 1957, Pages 587–601, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.4.587 Published: 01 April 1957 Article history Received: 14 December 1956 Published: 01 April 1957
American Rheumatism Association: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, 1952
Authors: J H TALBOTT, L M LOCKIE, B M NORCROSS, C BISHOP
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1952)

Approximately fifty patients with gout receiving 1-0 or 2-0 g.Benemid daily have been followed for periods ranging from 6 to 24 months.The favourable results reported earlier upon the frequency of acute attacks of gout are confirmed.A persistent depression of the concentration of uric acid in the serum as well as an increased concentration of uric acid in the urine was noted.The body apparently did not develop tolerance to the pharmacological action of the experimental drug in the period of study.w -j 0 5 4 (. 2 uLJ (I) 14-13 l0* 0 09 0 0 8 r6 5. 4.
Microbiome and its impact on gastrointestinal atopy
Authors: A. B. Muir, A. J. Benitez, K. Dods, J. M. Spergel, S. A. Fillon
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Abstract The prevalence of allergic conditions has continuously increased in the last few decades in Westernized countries. A dysbiotic gut microbiome may play an important role in the development of allergic diseases. Genetic, environmental, and dietary factors may alter the commensal microbiota leading to inflammatory dysregulation of homeostasis. Murine and human studies have begun to elucidate the role of the microbiota in the pathogenesis of atopic diseases including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies. However, the role of the microbiome in most eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases ( EGID s) is not yet known. This review provides an overview of what is currently known about the development of tolerance from both molecular and clinical standpoints. We also look at the gut‐specific microbiome and its role in atopic conditions with the hope of applying this knowledge to the understanding, prevention, and treatment of EGID s, particularly EoE.
AB0778 Vespa Study: Association Between Spondyloarthritis and Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Authors: M. Fauconier, Z. Reguiai, A. Colosio, C. Barbe, J.P. Eschard, J.H. Salmon, G. Direz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Hidradenitis suppurative (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that results in abcesses, keloids and fistula. If the association between Crohn9s disease (CD) and HS has already been esthablished, few reports have also described a possible association between HS and spondyloarthritis (SpA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the association between HS and SpA. <h3>Methods</h3> A monocentric, cross-sectional study was realised; 50 patients with HS and 50 volunteers without dermatologic affection, matched on age and gender, were enrolled. They had a clinical examination, HLA-B27 research and underwent a sacro-iliac MRI. Afterward, patients were listed according to the ASAS criteria for SpA. <h3>Results</h3> 39 patients with HS disease and 50 control patients were analyzed. In HS patients (mean age 36±11.3; 70% women) 11 of them (28%) fulfilled the ASAS criteria, although 4 of them were already known. Only 1 patient (2%) fulfilled those criteria in the control group. Axial spondyloarthritis was the most common form of SpA observed with 9 patients of 11. There was no significant association with HLA B27 haplotype. After adjustment for age, gender and personal or familial history of psoriasis or inflammatory bowel disease, we proved that HS is an independent risk factor for SpA (OR 19.5; 95% CI [1.7;216]). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We proved that HS disease is statistically associated with SpA. We think that HS patients, especially men, who present osteoarticular symptoms have to be monitored for spondyloarthritis research. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
More on Hidden Formaldehyde in E-Cigarette Aerosols
Authors: Sandeep K Sodhi, Amardeep Khanna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

n engl j med 372;16 nejm.org april 16, 2015 1575 substantially among studies. Which cells and mechanisms are key is uncertain. In addition to the work that Munder and Tummler referenced, other research has not detected defects in myeloid cells.3-5 As we stated in our article, we focused “primarily on the newborn period, because this time window is key to discovering the origins of cystic fibrosis airway disease.” Myeloid cells from humans or animals with chronic infection, inflammation, or both might have altered function. Perhaps that explains, at least in part, why results vary among studies. David A. Stoltz, M.D., Ph.D. David K. Meyerholz, D.V.M., Ph.D. Michael J. Welsh, M.D.
Personality profiles of patients with duodenal ulcer
Authors: G Magni, F Di Mario, R Rizzardo, S Pulin, R Naccarato
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Cluster analysis of personality profiles determined by the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire separated 79 patients with duodenal ulcer into three homogeneous subgroups: 32 dependent and anxious patients, 31 neurotic and anxious patients, and 16 patients with a balanced personality. No significant differences among these three groups emerged for the variables of age, sex, duration of illness, fasting total serum pepsinogen, fasting serum pepsinogen group I, and number of cigarettes smoked per day, although there was a nonsignificant trend for both pepsinogen values to be higher in the patients with a balanced personality than in the other two groups. These results support the concept of heterogeneity of peptic ulcer disease.