tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pancreatic-colonic fistula successfully treated with endoscopic transpapillary nasopancreatic drainage
Authors: K. Fujii, K. Suzuki, A. Goto, K. Nakahata, Y. Matsunaga, H. Wakasugi, M. Itoh, K. Yonezawa, T. Abe, Y. Shinomura
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 70-year-old man with upper abdominal pain was diagnosed as having an acute exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis. He was a heavy drinker, with a history of severe acute pancreatitis at 68 years of age. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed atrophy and calcification of the pancreas and fluid collection in the anterior pararenal space ([Fig. 1]). Initial treatment comprised total parenteral nutrition and antibiotics, which led to improvement in symptoms and laboratory data. However, the pancreatitis relapsed after food intake was started. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) showed irregular stenosis of the main pancreatic duct (MPD) and fluid collection in the tail of the pancreas ([Fig. 2]). Hence, endoscopic pancreatic stent drainage was carried out. After 2 weeks, the patient developed fever accompanied with muco-bloody stool. However, the bleeding point was not detected on endoscopy. CT showed dilatation of the distal MPD and inflammation around the transverse colon ([Fig. 3]). The muco-bloody stool improved gradually with total parenteral nutrition and blood transfusion, in addition to antibiotic treatment. ERP after another 2 weeks revealed a colonic fistula at the distal MPD ([Fig. 4 a]). Therefore, an endoscopic transpapillary nasopancreatic drainage (ENPD) tube was placed in the distal MPD. After 10 days, there were no signs of the fistula at scanning with a contrast medium ([Fig. 4 b]), and the inflammation around the transverse colon had resolved ([Fig. 5]).
Abstract 2836: Association between the hypoxia inducible factor-1α polymorphisms and the tumor size of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tzong-Ming Shieh
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy. The incidence of OSCC is particularly high in some Asian countries due to the popularity of areca chewing habit. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is up-regulated in hypoxic microenvironment to enhance tumor survival. There are five polymorphisms being identified in exon 12 of HIF-1α including C1772T polymorphism causing P582S, and G1790A polymorphism causing A588T of HIF-1α protein. This study investigated the relationship between these functional polymorphisms and the risk or progression of OSCC. PCR and direct sequencing were utilized to compare genotypic polymorphic and allelic frequency of HIF-1α in 96 normal controls and 305 OSCC patients. No statistically significant difference in C1772T and G1790A genotypes and allelic frequency lying between control and OSCC patients was found. However, multivariate analysis indicated that the A carrier of HIF-1α G1790A in OSCC patients was significantly higher in larger tumor than the contrasting group with an adjusted odd's ratio of 2.92. The findings may suggest a potential of HIF-1α G1790A polymorphism in the growth of OSCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2836.
Inhibition of Breast Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) by Novel STAT3 Inhibitors.
Authors: B. Dave, D. Tweardy, M. Lewis, J. Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Many patients with breast cancer relapse over time despite an initial response to systemic therapy. One explanation is that a rare sub-population of CSCs with tumorigenic potential is intrinsically resistant to therapy. Previously, we showed that residual tumors after chemotherapy are 1) enriched for the tumorigenic CD44+/CD24-/low population, 2) show enhanced mammosphere-forming efficiency (MSFE), and 3) display an increase in outgrowth potential in xenograft transplants in immunocompromised SCID/Beige mice. Gene expression profiling of CD44+/CD24-/low and mammosphere-forming cells derived from human breast cancer biopsies revealed that the top canonical pathways in CSC self-renewal included STAT3 signaling. We hypothesized that inhibition of STAT3 would lead to a decrease in the number of breast CSCs either alone, or in combination with systemic therapies. Methods: We established primary xenografts in immunocompromised SCID/Beige mice from biopsies of primary human breast cancers; that faithfully recapitulate biology similar to the primary breast cancers in patients. We tested two classes of drugs that target Stat3--G-quartet oligodeoxynucleotide (GQ-ODN, T40214) and small molecules (Cpd188 and its derivatives)--for their ability to inhibit human breast cancer xenograft MSFE.The GQ-ODN T40214 was previously shown to target the Stat3 Src homology (SH) 2 domain destabilizing Stat3 dimers while Cpd188 was identified using virtual ligand screening and was shown to competitively and selectively inhibit binding of the Stat3 SH2 domain to its phosphotyrosine (pY) peptide ligand. Cpd188 derivatives were identified by 2-D similarity screening using the scaffold of Cpd188 and 3-D pharmacophore analysis and their activity confirmed by pY peptide binding inhibition. A triple negative (ER-negative, PgR-negative, and HER-2) tumor line (n=3 mice/group) was treated with Cpd188 (125mcg or 250mcg), T40214 (125mcg or 250mcg), a control non-specific (NS) ODN (125 or 250 mcg) or vehicle alone. The animals were sacrificed after two days of treatment and MSFE determined. In addition, we tested the 39 Cpd188 derivatives for the ability to decrease MSFE in vitro. Results: In these short term experiments, a statistically significant reduction (p≤0.05) was observed in the MFSE with Cpd188 (250mcg) and T40214 (125 and 250 mcg) vs. control. Of the 39 Cpd188 derivatives, 11 derivatives significantly decreased MSFE in two triple negative cell lines (SUM159PT and HS578T). Conclusions: STAT3 inhibition using 2 classes of molecules that target its SH2 domain significantly reduced CSC in both in vivo and in vitro assays raising the possibility that breast cancer therapeutic regimens that contain agents that target Stat3 may reduce relapse rates. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1155.
One in four US families reports financial burdens due to medical costs, government study finds
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

About a quarter (27%) of US families reported that medical costs had imposed a burden on their finances, said a new government report.1 It also noted that one in six families (16%) had problems paying medical bills and that one in 10 (9%) had bills that they were unable to pay.

In the report …
Serum Digoxin Concentrations in the Human Fetus, Neonate and Infant
Authors: Mark C. Rogers, James T. Willerson, Allan Goldblatt, Thomas W. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The correlation between digoxin dosage and serum digoxin concentration measured by radioimmunoassay was investigated in seven neonates (three to 30 days of age) and 10 infants (one to 12 months of age) with congenital heart disease. The results were compared with those from 21 adult patients. Digoxin dosages commonly used in the neonates and infants were substantially larger than those used in adults on a basis of milligrams per kilogram of body weight or milligrams per square meter of body-surface area. This higher dosage schedule produced a mean serum digoxin concentration five to eight hours after the last maintenance dose of 2.0 ± 0.9 (± S.D.)ng per milliliter in children, a value significantly higher than that of the adults (1.3 ± 0.4) (p less than 0.005). Despite the higher concentration, which ranged up to 4.3 ng per milliliter, no case of cardiac-rhythm disturbance suggesting digoxin intoxication was observed. In each of seven women who received digitalis during pregnancy, fetal umbilical-cord concentrations were similar to those in maternal venous blood, documenting transplacental passage of the drug.
Language and mechanisms of concept learning
Authors: Daniel A. Weiskopf
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract Carey focuses her attention on a mechanism of concept learning called “Quinian bootstrapping.” I argue that this form of bootstrapping is not dependent upon language or other public representations, and outline a place for language in concept learning generally. Language, perception, and causal reasoning are all sources of evidence that can guide learners toward discovering new and potentially useful categories.
1314 OBESITY AND VISCERAL ADIPOSITY WOULD BE MORE IMPORTANT PREDICTIVE FACTORS THAN ALCOHOL INTAKE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: M. Ono, Y. Eguchi, H. Hyogo, T. Ochi, K. Munekage, S. Fujii, A. Hirose, M. Takahashi, S. Nonaka, R. Shimoda, R. Iwakiri, K. Fujimoto, K. Chayama, T. Saibara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Full-thickness endoscopic suturing of staple-line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Jennifer Cai, Mouen Khashab, Patrick Okolo, Anthony Kalloo, Vivek Kumbhari
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Staple-line leaks following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy occur in 1 %– 9 % of patients being treated for morbid obesity [1] [2]. Superficial endoluminal suturing has shown limited efficacy, even in conjunction with other closure modalities [2] [3]. We report two cases of successful closure of staple-line leaks after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy using full-thickness endoscopic suturing.
Biosimilar epoetin alfa in the management of chemotherapy-induced aneamia: results from ANEMONE observational study
Authors: E. Scelzi, D. Bernardi, G. Bonciarelli, N. Salesi, A. Frassoldati, R. Maisano, P. Tagliaferri, T. Gamucci, M. Mencoboni, T. Raggi, G. Rosti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Human Papillomavirus-Negative Status and c-mycGene Overexpression: Independent Prognostic Indicators of Distant Metastasis for Early-Stage Invasive Cervical Cancers
Authors: G. Riou, M. G. Le, M. Favre, D. Jeannel, J. Bourhis, G. Orth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Human Papillomavirus-Negative Status and c-mycGene Overexpression: Independent Prognostic Indicators of Distant Metastasis for Early-Stage Invasive Cervical Cancers Get access Guy Riou, Guy Riou * 1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Moléculaire, Institut Gustave roussyVillejuif, France * Correspondence to: Professor G. Riou, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Monique G. Lê, Monique G. Lê 2Département de Statistiques Médicales, Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michel Favre, Michel Favre 3Unité des Papillomavirus, INSERM U.190, Institut PasteurParis, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dominique Jeannel, Dominique Jeannel 2Département de Statistiques Médicales, Institut Gustave RoussyVillejuif, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean Bourhis, Jean Bourhis 1Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Moléculaire, Institut Gustave roussyVillejuif, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gérard Orth Gérard Orth 3Unité des Papillomavirus, INSERM U.190, Institut PasteurParis, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 19, 7 October 1992, Pages 1525–1526, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.19.1525 Published: 07 October 1992 Article history Received: 03 April 1992 Revision received: 22 June 1992 Accepted: 14 July 1992 Published: 07 October 1992
Abstract 2233: Phage display selection of cancer-specific peptides on human bladder for molecular imaging of bladder cancer
Authors: Ying Pan, Jens-Peter Volkmer, Jen-Jane Liu, Katherine Wu, Kathleen E. Mach, Irving L. Weissman, Joseph C. Liao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction and Objectives: Molecular imaging could transform cancer diagnosis by coupling existing imaging modalities with labeled tumor-specific antibodies or peptides. Current diagnosis of bladder cancer is by white light cystoscopy, which has suboptimal specificity for differentiating non-papillary cancer from inflammation. To identify bladder cancer-specific peptides, we applied phage display, an unbiased, combinatorial strategy in which up to 10⁁9 foreign peptides or proteins are individually expressed on bacteriophage to screen against cellular targets (biopanning). We report our effort to identify bladder cancer-specific peptides via biopanning with cystectomy specimens. Methods: An M13 phage library displaying random linear heptapeptides was instilled into fresh cystectomy specimens (n=2). Non-specific phage were washed away and tumor was excised to extract tumor-bound phage, which were validated by bladder cancer cell line-based ELISA, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. Results: Both bladders had high-grade urothelial carcinoma on pathology. 148 phage were obtained after 2 rounds of selection. 77 of these showed preferential binding to 2 bladder cancer cell lines (HT-1376, T24) by ELISA compared to negative control (insertless phage). 7 phage with &amp;gt;10-fold signals over the negative control were further validated with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. By detecting cell-bound phage with fluorescently labeled M13 phage antibody, increased staining of T24 cells by all candidate phage compared to negative control was demonstrated by both flow cytometry (2-3-fold) and immunofluorescence. Peptides were sequenced for additional validation of tumor specificity with primary normal human urothelial and bladder tumor cells. Conclusions: We have developed a technique for efficient biopanning of bladder cancer-specific peptides using whole cystectomy specimens. These peptides could serve as molecular contrast agents for targeted imaging with confocal laser endomicroscopy or fluorescent cystocsopy, and could potentially be utilized for targeted therapy. Compared to prior reports, which utilized cell lines and xenografts as biopanning targets, our approach offers a more clinically-relevant, efficient approach to identify peptides for cancer-specific imaging and therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2233. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2233
AB0621 Efficacy and Safety of Long Term Cyclophosphamide Treatment for Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: H.M. Kwon, E.H. Kang, D.J. Go, J.K. Park, E.Y. Lee, Y.W. Song, H.-J. Lee, E.B. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of death in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Treatment with cyclophosphamide (CYC) for 1 year has been shown to preserve pulmonary function. However, long-term efficacy and safety of CYC treatment for more than 1 year remains to be known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate efficacy and tolerability of long-term CYC treatment in SSc patients with ILD. <h3>Methods</h3> All of the SSc-associated ILD patients who have been treated with CYC for more than 1 year at Rheumatology clinic of Seoul National University Hospital between 1978 and 2013 were enrolled. The information on clinical characteristics and pulmonary function test results were obtained from medical record review. Chest computed tomography (CT) was reviewed by a radiologist and classified into 4 grades depending on the extent of lung involvement. Mortality data were obtained from medical record or mortality record from Statistics Korea. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 32 SSc patients with ILD were treated with CYC for more than 1 year with the mean treatment duration of 28.0 months (range: 12.0- 70.5 months). The mean age at diagnosis was 47.5±9.4 years and women were dominant at 84.4%. The mean functional vital capacity (FVC) at baseline was 66.0±16.0% of predicted. At baseline 18 (64.3%) patients had CT grade of 2 or more. After mean (standard deviation) follow up period of 4.1 (3.1) years, FVC remained stable with the mean increase of 2.3 (2.5) % (P=0.365, by paired t test). Furthermore, the degree of pulmonary involvement on CT did not progress. Six patients died during the follow-up; pneumonia (n=1), pulmonary hypertension (n=1), subdural hemorrhage (n=1), heart failure (n=2) and malignancy (n=1). Adverse events during CYC treatment included severe infection (n=4), cytopenia (n=4), hemorrhagic cystitis (n=1) and alopecia (n=3). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Prolonged treatment with CYC for more than 1 year is associated with stabilization of ILD in the respect of pulmonary function and extent of lung involvement on CT. Long-term maintenance treatment with CYC may be an option to treat severe ILD in SSc patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4302
Anesthesia for complex endoscopy: a new paradigm
Authors: Mark Phillips, Klaus Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Deep enteroscopy using overtube-assisted methods has been a major advance in endoscopy, allowing the inspection and treatment of small-bowel disorders [1] [2] [3]. Overtube-assisted endoscopy has also increased our ability to perform a myriad of other endoscopic interventions such as endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), direct percutaneous jejunostomy, insertion of stents into previously unreachable areas of stenosis, and other extreme endoscopic interventions [4] [5] [6] [7] [8]. Traditionally, gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy has been performed using conscious sedation. However, endoscopy has evolved into a broad-spectrum specialty, including standard diagnostic, low level therapeutic, and advanced interventional and therapeutic endoscopy. Whereas most cases of diagnostic and low level therapeutic interventions, such as colon polypectomy, esophageal dilation of simple strictures, and endoscopic mucosal resection, may be performed easily and safely using conscious sedation, the majority of advanced interventional and therapeutic interventions may need to be done with the patient under general anesthesia. Until now, the decision to use general anesthesia rested on individual preferences of the endoscopy team. There are scant data on the reasons and circumstances of when and how to use general anesthesia for advanced endoscopy procedures [9] [10].
OP0010-PARE “life with a secret” – successful campaign designed by young rheumatics
Authors: I. Põldemaa, K. Mustkivi, E. Adler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> An international exchange for rheumatic young people took place in Estonia in the summer of 2011 and included 50 participants from 8 countries. During the exchange, we conducted a survey among local people and the result was that only 38% of the respondents knew the names and symptoms of rheumatic diseases. The public event "Life with a secret" was put together and presented in the Solaris shopping centre in Tallinn. The whole campaign was designed by young people themselves during the workshops of the exchange. <h3>Objectives</h3> Rheumatic diseases are mostly known as "old people's" diseases and considered more as hidden disabilities. We wanted to change this attitude by organising an interactive campaign by young people. The public event was prepared with the goal of showing that children and young people also suffer from rheumatic diseases that impose serious restrictions on their daily life. <h3>Methods</h3> We planned our event in a large shopping centre in the Tallinn city centre. The young people prepared the whole 2-hour program with music, DJ, dancing, rubber band exercises and yoga, in addition a very interesting "obstacle" course with 6 different tasks relating to the everyday restrictions of rheumatics. We also used a video, leaflets, pictures and other illustrative resources. <h3>Results</h3> Our campaign was very successful and we got a lot of attention in the media as well as among local people. We got new members and partners for our association and awareness was raised about rheumatic diseases. In the EULAR Pare autumn conference, our interactive poster won the award for the most innovative campaign. <h3>Conclusions</h3> People with rheumatic diseases should be involved in every campaign from the beginning and only they can show the limitations they have in their everyday life. After the event, we have organised fivesimilar, but smaller awareness raising campaigns, which showed that there exists a great necessity for educating the people around us. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Case 17-2014
Authors: Richard L. Kradin, Panos Fidias, Subba Digumarthy, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with recurrent pleuritic chest pain. Imaging showed a loculated left pleural effusion and underlying consolidation in the left lower lobe. Treatment with antibiotics brought some improvement, but pain recurred and worsened.
Malignant Irradiation for Benign Conditions
Authors: Bradford Cannon, Judson G. Randolph, Joseph E. Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

A GROWING public awareness of the dangers of excessive exposure to irradiation has finally focused the attention of the medical profession on the serious early and late effects of such exposure, a matter that has concerned the surgeon, and particularly the plastic surgeon, for several decades. Wolbach,1 in 1909, described the histologic changes in chronic x-ray dermatitis. These changes are characterized by obliterative endarteritis, degenerative changes in the corium, atrophy of the epithelium, degeneration of skin appendages and subcutaneous fat and finally, to quote Wolbach, "the acquisition of malignant powers...." In addition to stressing the injurious effects of irradiation, Wolbach . . .
Lung Scintigraphy in Single-Lung Transplantation Simulating Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: &NA; D. NGUYEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Unilateral absence of lung perfusion may be caused by impaired or altered blood flow to the involved pulmonary artery. The authors present a case of primary pulmonary hypertension treated with single-lung transplantation that shows an unusual perfusion pattern simulating pulmonary embolismon lung scintigraphy.
A Comparison of Methotrexate with Placebo for the Maintenance of Remission in Crohn's Disease
Authors: Brian G. Feagan, Richard N. Fedorak, E. Jan Irvine, Gary Wild, Lloyd Sutherland, A. Hillary Steinhart, Gordon R. Greenberg, John Koval, Cindy J. Wong, Marybeth Hopkins, Stephen B. Hanauer, John W.D. McDonald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Patients with Crohn's disease often have relapses. Better treatments are needed for the maintenance of remission. Although methotrexate is an effective short-term treatment for Crohn's disease, its role in maintaining remissions is not known.