tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2844: Inhibiting androgen receptor and JunD protein interaction to prevent prostate cancer progression
Authors: Joseph Schmidt, Stacy Kegel, Farideh Mehraein-Ghomi, Elizabeth Saphner, Quentin Reuter, Dawn Church, F Michael Hoffmann, Hirak S. Basu, George Wilding
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Development of an effective therapy to prevent prostate cancer (PCa) progression to castrate-resistant PCa (CRPCa) remains an unmet medical need, mainly due to a poor understanding of the mechanism of PCa progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced in high amounts in PCa cells. ROS play a major role in the development and progression of PCa. We have published that the activated androgen receptor (AR)-JunD complex induces spermidine/spermine N1-acetyl transferase (SSAT). SSAT is the first, and a regulatory, enzyme in a major polyamine catabolism pathway that leads to an over-production of ROS, specifically in the polyamine-rich PCa cells. A focus of our current research is to identify compounds that specifically target and block steps in this newly discovered ROS production pathway downstream to AR activation. Such compounds have the potential to become new targeted therapeutic agents offering minimal side effects for preventing progression to CRPCa in patients with early stage progressing PCa. Here we present data on drug-like small molecule inhibitors of the AR-JunD interaction that initiates this ROS-generating pathway in PCa. A novel high throughput assay based on Gaussia Luciferase enzyme reconstitution via protein-protein interaction was used to screen NCI Diversity Set and Life Chemicals libraries of drug-like small molecules to identify inhibitors of the AR-JunD interaction. The 27 selected hits were categorized as antiandrogens or non-antiandrogens through the use of a published fluorescence polarization assay. Sixteen non-antiandrogens, acting downstream of AR activation, were chosen for further study. In vitro studies entailed the measurement of the ability of the compounds to inhibit androgen-independent and dependent growth as well as androgen-induced ROS in human PCa cells. The top four compounds exhibited significant inhibition of growth and androgen-induced ROS at concentrations of 5 uM or less. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) studies were performed to determine the ability of the selected compounds to specifically inhibit the AR-JunD co-translocation to the nuclei. Based on the cell culture and ICC data, lead compounds were selected for pharmacokinetics studies to determine oral bioavailability. Detailed pharmacokinetic data of selected top compounds showing their bioavailability after intra venous and oral administration will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2844. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2844
Case 34-2009
Authors: Charles R. Taylor, Rajesh T. Gandhi, Jason Handwerker, Lyn M. Duncan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

A 20-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of sore throat, fever, and a diffuse rash for 1 week. Testing for streptococcal pharyngitis and mononucleosis was negative. Amoxicillin and clavulanate were prescribed, and the next day, a red, itchy rash developed on the medial surface of his right arm; the lesions became raised, enlarged, and painful and spread from his arms to his legs, back, hands, feet, and perioral area, without mucosal involvement. Examination disclosed a diffuse eruption of tender violaceous-pink papulovesicles, which progressed to hemorrhagic crusting. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
HOW TO IMPROVE EVALUATION OF PATENCY OF CORONARY ARTERIAL LUMEN SURROUNDED BY XIENCE STENT LESS THAN 2.5 MM IN DIAMETER IN 320 SLICE CT USING PULSATING PHANTOM COMPARED WITH OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Hiroyuki Takaoka, Nobusada Funabashi, Toshihiro Shoji, Yoshihide Fujimoto, Joji Ota, Yasuaki Namihira, Nanako Atou, Hironori Kondo, Ryousuke Irie, Koya Ozawa, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Attitudes need to change for patients to be more involved in care, says think tank
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Involving patients in their own care is widely supported until it comes to doing something about it, a new report from the King’s Fund concludes.1 Although evidence exists that it improves outcomes, and there are good examples of implementation at a local level and a policy commitment at national level, not much has actually happened, it says.

Putting patients first remains more of an aspiration than a programme of action, admitted …
An Adoption Study of Human Obesity
Authors: Albert J. Stunkard, Thorkild I.A. Sørensen, Craig Hanis, Thomas W. Teasdale, Ranajit Chakraborty, William J. Schull, Fini Schulsinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

We examined the contributions of genetic factors and the family environment to human fatness in a sample of 540 adult Danish adoptees who were selected from a population of 3580 and divided into four weight classes: thin, median weight, overweight, and obese. There was a strong relation between the weight class of the adoptees and the body-mass index of their biologic parents — for the mothers, P<0.0001; for the fathers, P<0.02. There was no relation between the weight class of the adoptees and the body-mass index of their adoptive parents. Cumulative distributions of the body-mass index of parents showed similar results; there was a strong relation between the body-mass index of biologic parents and adoptee weight class and no relation between the index of adoptive parents and adoptee weight class. Furthermore, the relation between biologic parents and adoptees was not confined to the obesity weight class, but was present across the whole range of body fatness — from very thin to very fat. We conclude that genetic influences have an important role in determining human fatness in adults, whereas the family environment alone has no apparent effect. (N Engl J Med 1986; 314:193–8.)
Combined Modality Therapy of Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Rosalyn A. Juergens, Arlene Forastiere
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Esophageal cancer is a deadly disease. Only one third of patients with localized disease experience long-term survival. Over the past 20 years, investigators have evaluated neoadjuvant strategies to improve the outcomes of surgical management. Chemotherapy and radiation have been evaluated individually and in combination for preoperative management of patients with localized esophageal cancer. This article provides a critical review of the data on multimodality approaches to the management of esophageal cancer.
LEFT VENTRICULAR THROMBUS FORMATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE REPERFUSED ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: INSIGHTS FROM CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE
Authors: Ingo Eitel, Suzanne de Waha, Georg Fuernau, Janine Poess, Steffen Desch, Holger Thiele
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Recurrent DUX4 fusions in B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia of adolescents and young adults
Authors: Takahiko Yasuda, Shinobu Tsuzuki, Masahito Kawazu, Fumihiko Hayakawa, Shinya Kojima, Toshihide Ueno, Naoto Imoto, Shinji Kohsaka, Akiko Kunita, Koichiro Doi, Toru Sakura, Toshiaki Yujiri, Eisei Kondo, Katsumichi Fujimaki, Yasunori Ueda, Yasutaka Aoyama, Shigeki Ohtake, Junko Takita, Eirin Sai, Masafumi Taniwaki, Mineo Kurokawa, Shinichi Morishita, Masashi Fukayama, Hitoshi Kiyoi, Yasushi Miyazaki, Tomoki Naoe, Hiroyuki Mano
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Interim estimates of 2013/14 vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 from Canada’s sentinel surveillance network, January 2014
Authors: D M Skowronski, C Chambers, S Sabaiduc, G De Serres, J A Dickinson, A L Winter, K Fonseca, J B Gubbay, H Charest, M Petric, M Krajden, S M Mahmud, P Van Caeseele, T L Kwindt, A Eshaghi, N Bastien, Y Li
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Experimental Pancreatic Carcinogenesis. II. Lifetime Carcinogenesis Studies in the Outbred Syrian Golden Hamster with N -Nitroso-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine 2
Authors: Morton Levitt, Curtis Harris, Robert Squire, Martin Wenk, Cynthia Mollelo, Springer Stephen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Experimental Pancreatic Carcinogenesis. II. Lifetime Carcinogenesis Studies in the Outbred Syrian Golden Hamster with N-Nitroso-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)amine Get access Morton Levitt, Morton Levitt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Curtis Harris, Curtis Harris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Squire, Robert Squire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Martin Wenk, Martin Wenk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cynthia Mollelo, Cynthia Mollelo Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Springer Stephen Springer Stephen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 3, March 1978, Pages 701–705, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.3.701 Published: 01 March 1978 Article history Received: 19 August 1977 Accepted: 07 November 1977 Published: 01 March 1978
Treatment of the Oliguric Patient with a New Sodium-Exchange Resin and Sorbitol
Authors: Robert B. Flinn, John P. Merrill, Walter R. Welzant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE danger of death from acute spontaneous potassium intoxication in patients with severe oliguria is well recognized.1 , 2 Because the gastrointestinal secretions are rich in potassium numerous technics have been devised to remove potassium from the oliguric patient by way of the gastrointestinal tract. Most of these technics employed some form of intestinal drainage or lavage and were laborious and only partly successful.3 4 5 The development of cation-exchange resins that could be administered to patients suggested a new method for removal of potassium from gastrointestinal secretions. These resins were capable of exchanging cations bound to the resin for other cations present in . . .
PMO-193 Outcome of non-compliance with a programme of variceal sclerotherapy in a DGH
Authors: A Jahanshad, P Hanson
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bleeding from oesophageal varices is a serious medical emergency which can be prevented by endoscopic variceal ligation either as primary or secondary prophylaxis. We aimed to establish the degree of compliance with scheduled endoscopic therapy, the reasons for non-compliance and the clinical consequences. <h3>Methods</h3> We examined the medical notes and endoscopy reports of 50 cirrhotic patients with oesophageal varices who underwent endoscopic band ligation at the Great Western Hospital over the last 3 years. We categorised the patients into two groups: those whose were followed up in accordance with BSG guidelines on the scheduling of oesophageal sclerotherapy and those whose follow-up fell short of these standards. We assessed the incidence of variceal haemorrhage in the two groups and investigated the reasons of inappropriate follow-up. <h3>Results</h3> 50 patients underwent 229 endoscopy procedures for varices during the 3-year period. Of these, 45 endoscopies were performed outside the recommended time schedule: 25 were booked incorrectly; 12 were booked correctly but experienced a delay; 8 were both booked incorrectly and further delayed. 20 patients died (none from haemorrhage). Of the 18 out of 50 patients who were followed up appropriately none experienced re-bleeding. Among the group who were non-compliant with the recommended scheduled for whatever reason (45 delayed procedures in 32 patients) three patients underwent five admissions for GI bleeding during follow-up. Secondary prophylaxis after a first variceal haemorrhage was performed in 18 patients of who 9 were non-compliant with guidelines; 6 of these were due to non-attendance and 3 due to delays in booking due to pressure on appointments. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is a clear difference in outcomes between those whose variceal bleed is followed up in a timely way with repeat endoscopy as per BSG guidelines and those who, for whatever reason, are non-compliant with the guidelines. Emphasis must be placed on correct booking procedures and efforts made to contact patients about imminent appointments to minimise morbidity and mortality from variceal rebleeding. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Whole-Body FDG Positron Emission Tomographic Imaging for Staging Esophageal Cancer
Authors: C C Meltzer, J D Luketich, D Friedman, M Charron, D Strollo, M Meehan, G K Urso, M A Dachille, D W Townsend
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Purpose The aim of the authors in this study was to critically evaluate the role of whole-body positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in staging esophageal cancer, and further to compare this method with conventional imaging with computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods The authors performed independent, blinded retrospective evaluations of FDG PET images obtained in 47 patients referred for the initial staging of esophageal cancer before minimally invasive surgical staging. Twenty PET studies from patients with nonesophageal thoracic cancers were randomly selected for inclusion in the PET readings. In a subset of 37 of 47 cases, the PET findings were compared with independent readings of CT studies acquired within the same 6-week interval. The utility of the imaging findings was evaluated using a high-sensitivity interpretation (i.e., assigning equivocal findings as positive) and a low-sensitivity interpretation (i.e., assigning equivocal findings as negative). Results PET was less sensitive (41% in high-sensitivity mode, 35% in low-sensitivity mode) than CT (63% to 87%) for diagnosing tumor involvement in locoregional lymph nodes, which was identified by surgical assessment in 72% of patients. Notable, however, was the greater specificity of PET-determined nodal sites (to approximately 90%) compared with CT (14% to 43%). In detecting histologically proved distant metastases (n = 10), PET performed considerably better when applied in the high-sensitivity mode, with a sensitivity rate of approximately 70% and a specificity rate of more than 90% in the total group and in the subset of patients with correlative CT data. In the low-sensitivity mode, CT identified only two of seven metastatic sites, whereas the high-sensitivity mode resulted in an unacceptably high rate of false-positive readings (positive predictive value, 29%). PET correctly identified one additional site of metastasis that was not detected by CT. Conclusions The relatively low sensitivity of PET for identifying locoregional lesions precludes its replacement of conventional CT staging. However, the primary advantage of PET imaging is its superior specificity for tumor detection and improved diagnostic value for distant metastatic sites, features that may substantially affect patient management decisions. In conclusion, PET imaging is useful in the initial staging of esophageal cancer and provides additional and complementary information to that obtained by CT imaging.
Abstract P5-01-12: Specific Tumor Component Spectrum as a Predictor of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer
Authors: S Xu, AE Cerussi, B Tromberg, E. Gratton
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Monitoring individual tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy could provide surrogate markers for oncologists to adjust therapeutics in order to minimize collateral damage from ineffective therapies. Diffuse optical spectroscopy imaging (DOSI), by increasing the wavelength range and resolution, has been employed to characterize malignant tumor and its response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy since it measures the abundance in the four major chromophores (lipid, oxy-hemoglobin, deoxy-hemoglobin and water). Through the application of a spectral analysis method, Self-Referencing Differential Spectroscopy (SRDS) analysis, which accounts for only intersubject variability, a novel optical intrinsic biomarker which is unique to cancer was revealed. By fitting the difference spectrum between tumor and normal tissues to the four component basis spectra, the residuals disclose a spectral fingerprint called specific tumor component (STC) spectrum which contains specific absorption bands which separate normal from abnormal tissue and benign from malignant tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 14 patients were enrolled in this study and all the subjects provided informed written consent according to an institution-approved protocol. Measurements were taken pre-, post-neoajuvant chemotherapy and the midpoint in the treatment. The chemotherapy regimen is 2-4 cycles of doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide (A/C), followed by 2-4 cycles of carboplatin-taxol/abraxane-avastin (nabTC). Tumor classification was confirmed by pathology reports and 8 out of 14 patients were classified as complete responders (CR); the rest as noneresponders (NR). Pre and post-treatment STC spectra were compared in different pathological responding categories. Data were analyzed by using custom software designed for Matlab. The concentrations of NIR absorbers will be calculated from a spectral model of tissue absorption by using the basis spectra. For the SRDS method, the absorption spectra will be further analyzed by using custom software (Elantest; Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Irvine, Calif, www.lfd.edu). Details of SRDS method has been described previously. RESULTS: The shape of STC spectra for non-responders was well preserved since insusceptible tumor structure will remain basically unaffected during the chemotherapy. Whereas in the completed responders, the therapy-induced changes in tumor microvasculature, edema, and necrosis lead to a significant dissimilarity in STC spectra. CONCLUSION: STC spectrum, as an endogenous in vivo biomarker, can predict pathological response in breast tumors treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-12.
On Cigarette Smoking, Bronchial Carcinoma and Ciliary Action
Authors: A. C. Hilding
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

STATISTICAL studies have shown a fairly definite association between cigarette smoking and carcinoma of the bronchial tree,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 as well as other effects on the body.12 , 13 Some do not accept this association as one of cause and effect. Apparently there are other possible explanations. The validity of the methods of gathering the statistics involved has also come into question.14 Hoping to add some useful points of information on the dosage of smoke intake and the disposition of smoke in the respiratory tract, I undertook the studies reported in this and subsequent articles.Tar is a prominent ingredient of smoke,‡ and it . . .
The Clinical Significance of Hemoptysis
Authors: Carlton R. Souders, Anne T. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

HEMOPTYSIS is an important symptom and often indicates serious disease. Chaves1 reported that it occurred in 6.8 per cent of all patients seen in an outpatient chest clinic. Abbott2 found that pulmonary hemorrhage occurred in 38 per cent of 1316 patients with chest disease. Pulmonary tuberculosis is probably the commonest cause for bleeding, and it is estimated that approximately a third of the patients with tuberculosis bleed at some time. About half the patients with carcinoma of the lung have hemoptysis, which, however, is rarely the initial complaint. Over half the patients who have bronchiectasis bleed at some time. However, . . .
P2-09-01: First-in-Human Whole-Body HER2−Receptor Mapping Using Affibody Molecular Imaging.
Authors: D Sandberg, A Wennborg, J Feldwisch, J Sörensen, U Garske, J Carlsson, H Lindman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: ABY-025 is a member of a promising class of scaffold-based antibody alternatives known as Affibody molecules with superior properties for molecular imaging compared to monoclonal antibodies. It is a minimal-size, high-affinity HER2 binder, noncompetitive with trastuzumab allowing imaging even during trastuzumab therapy. This pilot clinical study set out to establish a safe clinical procedure for further tests and to verify whether breast cancer lesions could be identified and characterized for HER2 expression using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging. Patients and methods: Seven patients with metastatic breast cancer, five with HER2 positive primary tumors and two HER2 negative controls were included. A standard 3-hour 18F-FDG-PET was performed to locate the lesions and 5 days later an injection with 111Inlabeled ABY-025 was given followed by whole body scanning at 30 minutes with additional SPECT at 4, 24 and 48 hours. Biopsies were taken from amenable lesions and analyzed by immunohistochemistry to verify the HER2 status. Results: Large metastases were visualized already at 30 minutes and at later registrations a majority of all known lesions could be identified. A brain metastasis showed exceptionally high HER2 signal-to-background-ratio. Two fundamental behaviors were observed: High tumor to background ratio, increasing over time, was predominant in the HER2−positive group while the HER2−negative group generally presented a lower ratio. One patient in the positive group unexpectedly showed low tumor to background ratio similar to the negative group. Biopsy verified that the initially positive patient had converted to low HER2 expression. All other biopsies confirmed that the metastases were still positive or negative in line with the subject's primary lesions. None of the subjects had any adverse reactions due to the investigations. Conclusion: ABY-025 can be used safely in humans with similar excellent whole body HER2−receptor molecular imaging capabilities as have already been observed in animal models. Promising indications of in vivo HER2−receptor status discriminatory capabilities were observed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-01.
Examining the State Of Clinical Trials
Authors: A. Stone
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Examining the State Of Clinical Trials Get access Amy Stone Amy Stone Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 20, 18 October 1989, Pages 1528–1529, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.20.1528 Published: 18 October 1989