tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chronic Neutropenia and Abnormal Cellular Immunity in Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia
Authors: Samuel E. Lux, Richard B. Johnston, Charles S. August, Burhan Say, Victor B. Penchaszadeh, Fred S. Rosen, Victor A. McKusick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Two children with cartilage-hair hypoplasia suffered from recurrent respiratory-tract infections and contracted unusually severe varicella. Hematologic studies in one child disclosed chronic neutropenia secondary to a failure of myeloid maturation. Immunologic investigations in both children revealed persistent lymphopenia, diminished delayed skin hypersensitivity, diminished responsiveness of their lymphocytes in vitro and, in one, delayed rejection of a skin allograft. Serum immunoglobulin levels were normal or elevated, and the patients were able to synthesize antibodies to a variety of viral and bacterial antigens. It is suggested that some children with this disorder have a distinct form of cellular immune defect, which is responsible for their unusual susceptibility to varicella infection.
Forty-two-Year Prostatic Cancer Incidence Trends in a Defined Population of One Million Served by a Reimbursement-Linked Cancer Registry
Authors: C. S. Haines, J. M. Tonita, P. P. Wang
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Forty-two-Year Prostatic Cancer Incidence Trends in a Defined Population of One Million Served by a Reimbursement-Linked Cancer Registry Get access Carol S. Haines, Carol S. Haines Louis Schulman Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jon M. Tonita, Jon M. Tonita Louis Schulman Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Peter Wang P. Peter Wang * Louis Schulman Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan Correspondence to: Carol S. Haines, M.D., M.P.H., Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N OWO, Canada. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 3, 2 February 1994, Pages 230–231, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.3.230 Published: 02 February 1994 Article history Received: 20 July 1993 Revision received: 27 October 1993 Accepted: 05 November 1993 Published: 02 February 1994
AB0606 Methotrexate does not seem to reactivate chronic viral C hepatitis: Preliminary data from a case-control study
Authors: S. Slimani, S. Bendekkiche, A. Ladjouze-Rezig
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic viral C hepatitis affects around 170 million people in the world. In some areas, prevalence is higher, it reaches 6% of the population of the urban district of Barika - Algeria. This constitutes a burden for the management of some affections, among them rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since some reports noted reactivation or worsening of viral C hepatitis under immunosuppressive therapies. Data concerning methotrexate in RA are scarce except few case reports, most of them were reassuring. We followed a cohort of patients presenting with RA associated with a Hepatitis C infection and treated with methotrexate (MTX), in order to detect any worsening or recurrence of their infection under methotrexate. <h3>Methods</h3> Seven patients, all female, presenting with RA and chronic viral C hepatitis were enrolled in the study and followed up by a rheumatologist (SS) and a specialist in infectious diseases (SB). Mean age was 56.7 years and mean duration of RA 12 years. They all had an RA according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. They had a positive HCV test (Elisa confirmed by an ImmunoBlot). Methotrexate was given only when real-time PCR for HCV was negative, either initially or after a 48 week Interferon alpha + Ribavirine therapy. Moreover, patients with histological grading ≥ A2F2 were not included. A screening was established as follows: liver enzymes every 2 months, bilirubine and HCV PCR at 6 months from MTX initiation. A control group was created with 30 female RA patients, HCV-, matched for age and MTX doses. Liver enzymes levels were compared at M0 and M6 in HCV+ group and between HCV- and HCV+ groups by a Student T-test. Results were considered significant for <i>p</i>&lt;0.05. <h3>Results</h3> Are presented here the preliminary results. Mean follow-up duration under MTX was 7 months. Mean MTX dosage 14 mg/week. Six/seven patients achieved a EULAR response to MTX at M6, the mean reduction for DAS28 in the seven patients at M6 was significant (p=0.035). Liver enzymes levels were stable between M0 and M6 (p=0.845) and no patient had presented levels &gt;1.5 upper normal limit during the screening period. PCR HCV remained negative at M6 for the 7 patients and bilirubine remained in normal ranges. Comparison in liver enzymes levels at M6 between PR HCV+ and PR HCV- groups did not find differences (p=0.693). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our series of 7 patients presenting with a non-active C hepatitis and treated with methotrexate, we have not observed any reactivation of HCV during a 7 months follow-up. Results are preliminary because more patients are being included and a longer follow-up period is expected. Our results are reassuring and suggest that RA patients having HCV+ and HCV PCR- tests could be treated with MTX, but a tight control for liver enzymes and regular HCV PCR screening should be performed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
VIRTUAL RESTING PD/PA FROM 3-DIMENSIONAL QUANTITATIVE CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY AND FLOW MODELING: COMPARISON AGAINST FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE IN REAL-WORLD PATIENTS
Authors: Michail Papafaklis, Takashi Muramatsu, Yuki Ishibashi, Georgia Tsirka, Christos Bourantas, Dimitris Fotiadis, Emmanouil Brilakis, Hector Garcia Garcia, Javier Escaned, Patrick Serruys, Lampros Michalis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Papilloma of the Gall Bladder
Authors: David Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

IN THE general problem of biliary disease, the relatively infrequent occurrence or recognition of papilloma of the gall bladder is of interest. This report was prompted by the recent finding of 3 cases within the last few months. In each case the preoperative diagnosis was correctly made by the roentgenologist.Estimations of the frequency of occurrence of papillomas vary, depending on the criteria for histologic diagnosis of these tumors. Kerr and Lendrum,1 whose criteria were most exacting, had accepted only 7 cases up to 1936. To these was added a case reported by Brown and Cappell2 and accepted by the . . .
P104 Coagulation proteins in liver fibrosis: a role for tissue factor and fibrin/fibrinogen
Authors: A. Dhar, M. Kampscheur, F. Sadiq, A. Levene, S. Ladva, B. Poskitt, R. Goldin, M. Thursz
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Recent evidence suggests a role for the coagulation cascade in promoting liver fibrosis, but with the exception of thrombin the expression and role of individual coagulation proteins in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis is poorly understood. Furthering our understanding of the role of specific coagulation proteins is essential when considering viable targets for anti-fibrotic therapies. <h3>Aim</h3> To quantify and qualify the expression of tissue factor (TF) and fibrin/fibrinogen in both murine liver fibrosis and human hepatitis C (HCV) related liver fibrosis. <h3>Method</h3> C57BL/6J mice (n=7), aged 8 weeks old, were treated with carbon tetrachloride by intraperitoneal injection for a period of 4 weeks to induce liver fibrosis. Animals were then culled and livers extracted and fixed in formalin. Mice injected with normal saline acted as normal controls. For human tissue, archived liver biopsy specimens (n=11) performed for the clinical staging of chronic HCV infection were used. An indirect immunohistochemical detection technique was employed with digital image analysis to qualify and semi-quantify expression of TF and fibrin/fibrinogen in tissue sections. <h3>Results</h3> In murine liver tissue, TF and fibrin/fibrinogen were expressed in hepatic sinusoids, peri-fibrotic areas and fibrotic septa. Digital image analysis demonstrated significant upregulation of TF (p=0.002) and fibrin/fibrinogen (p=0.009) in fibrotic vs normal control liver tissue. In HCV human liver tissue, TF and fibrin/fibrinogen were expressed in hepatic sinusoids and fibrotic areas. Digital image analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between TF expression and both fibrosis grade (r=0.71; p=0.015) and inflammatory score (r=0.79; p=0.004). Fibrin/fibrinogen expression was significantly correlated with inflammatory score (r=0.82; p=0.007), with a borderline correlation with grade of fibrosis (r=0.66; p=0.056). A significant correlation between TF and fibrin/fibrinogen expression was demonstrated (r=0.82; p=0.024). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The hepatic expression of TF and fibrin/fibrinogen is upregulated with fibrosis and inflammation. These findings suggest that activation of the coagulation cascade occurs in and may contribute to the generation of hepatic fibrosis. The therapeutic potential of targeted inhibition of specific coagulation proteins need to be evaluated in fibrotic liver disease.
Effect of Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy on Nasopharyngeal Antibody Response to Poliovirus
Authors: Pearay L. Ogra
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Poliovirus antibody levels in nasopharynx and serum were studied before and after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in 40 children previously immunized with live poliovaccine. Before operation, γA poliovirus antibody was present in the nasopharynx of all children, but no γG or γM antibody was detectable. Shortly after operation low levels of γG antibody appeared in the nasopharynx of 50 per cent of subjects. The response was short lived, and disappeared in two months. Pre-existing γA antibody in the nasopharynx declined sharply after operation in all children studied. Mean antibody titers decreased three to four times, and individual titers in several children four to eight times. Four children who had had antibody levels in the nasopharynx failed to demonstrate any such antibody activity after operation. Reduced or absent antibody activity persisted for as long as seven months. In nine children with intact tonsils the antibody response in the nasopharynx after immunization with live poliovaccine was two to four times higher than in eight children whose tonsils had previously been removed.
Endoscopic red flags for the detection of high-risk serrated polyps: an observational study
Authors: E. Rondagh, A. Masclee, M. Bouwens, B. Winkens, R. Riedl, A. de Bruïne, R. de Ridder, T. Kaltenbach, R. Soetikno, S. Sanduleanu
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

In routine practice, colonoscopy may fail to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC), especially in the proximal colon. A better endoscopic recognition of serrated polyps is important, as this pathway may explain some of the post-colonoscopy cancers. In this study, the endoscopic characteristics of serrated polyps were examined.This was a cross-sectional, single-center study of all consecutive patients referred for elective colonoscopy during 1 year. The endoscopists were familiarized with the detection and treatment of nonpolypoid colorectal lesions. Serrated polyps were classified into high risk serrated polyps, defined as dysplastic or large (≥ 6 mm) proximal nondysplastic serrated polyps, and low risk serrated polyps including the remaining nondysplastic serrated polyps. Advanced colorectal neoplasms were defined as multiple (at least three),≥ 10 mm in size, high grade dysplastic adenomas or CRC.A total of 2309 patients were included (46.1 % men, mean age 58.4 years), of whom 2.5 % (57) had at least one high risk serrated polyp and 13.9 % (322) had at least one advanced neoplasm. Overall, serrated polyps were more often nonpolypoid than adenomas (16.2 % vs. 11.1 %; P = 0.002). In total, 65 high risk serrated polyps were found, of which 43.1 % (28) displayed a nonpolypoid endoscopic appearance. Patients with advanced neoplasms were more likely to have synchronous high risk serrated polyps than patients without advanced neoplasms: OR 3.66 (95 % CI 2.03 - 6.61, P < 0.001).High risk serrated polyps are frequently nonpolypoid and are associated with synchronous advanced colorectal neoplasms. Advanced colorectal neoplasms may therefore be considered red flags for the presence of high risk serrated polyps. Detection, diagnosis, and treatment of high risk serrated lesions may be important targets to improve the quality of colonoscopic cancer prevention.
AB0948 Disease duration is a factor of the joint damage in DMARDs naÏve early perypheral psoriatic arthritis patients
Authors: S.O. Krasnenko, E.Y. Loginova, T.V. Korotaeva, D.V. Goryachev, A.V. Smirnov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In psoriatic arthritis (PsA) radiographic joint damage is a risk factor of the a poor outcome of the disease and mortality. <h3>Objectives</h3> the aim of this study was to determine whether the duration of PsA has an influence on the progression joint erosion in early peripheral DMARD naïve PsA patients (pts). <h3>Methods</h3> 60 pts (M/F – 23/37) with new onset PsA, according to the CASPAR criteria, the mean age 41.25±13.6 yrs, (Min 18-Max 72 yrs.), the average duration of the PsA being 0.87 yr. [0.5;1.5] (Min 0.16 - Max 2 yrs.), the average duration of the PsO being 7.5 yr. [2;20] (Min 0.3 - Max 47 yrs.), the mean DAS 3.45 (2.76; 4.41),DMARD naïvewere recruited.All pts underwent standard radiographic (Rg) examination and MRI of the hands and the feet via "Artoscan C" (0.2 T) ("Esaote" Italy). In both Rg and MRI slides were being calculated the number of the joint's region (NJ'sR) with erosions and cysts depends on PsA duration – until 0.5 yr. (n=22), 0.5 - 1 yrs. (n=18), &gt;1 yr. (n=20) by the two radiologist. Results are expressed as Mean ± SD, Me[Q25; Q75],(Min-Max); Pearson's correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis (K-W)H -test for comparison were performed. All p&lt;0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. <h3>Results</h3> In the MRI slides for PsA duration until 0.5 yr.; 0.5 -1yrs.; &gt;1yr. the mean NJ'sR with erosions and cysts was 0.95±1.4, [Min 0 - Max 4]; 0.67±1.53, [Min 0- Max 6]; 2.70±3.84, [Min 0 – Max 12] accordingly. By the Rg for PsA duration until 0.5 yr.; 0.5 -1yrs.; &gt;1yr. the mean NJ'sR with erosions and cysts was 1.73±2.09, [Min 0 - Max 7]; 2.33±2.95, [Min 0- Max 8]; 3.30±3.89, [Min 0 – Max12] accordingly. We were found significant correlation between PsA but not PsO duration and NJ'sR with erosions and cysts both MRI (r=0.38) and Rg (r=0.27). Significant differences were found in NJ'sR with erosions and cysts for PsA duration until and after 1.5 yr. (KW-H (1.60) =6.48, p=0.0109). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The course of the PsA is more severe than thought previously. PsA pts should be treated at an early stage of the PsA in order to try and prevent joint damage and for an overall better outcome of the disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P2-01-21: The Biological Influence of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) on the Aggressiveness of Human Breast Cancer Cells.
Authors: MX Yang, TA Martin, WG Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin superfamily and has been indicated in the pathophysiology of the nervous system and is important in a number of neurological and psychological conditions. Recently, BDNF has also been shown to play a role in the development and progression of solid tumours myeloma, lung cancer and prostate cancer. It has been recently reported that BDNF is also aberrantly expressed in human breast cancer and that a raised level of BDNF is associated with poor clinical outcome and reduced survival. The present study aimed to investigate the biological role of BDNF in human breast cancer. Materials and methods: A panel of human breast cancer cells were used in the present study. The expression profile of BDNF was evaluated using RT-PCR. We constructed a set of anti-BDNF transgenes which were used to transfect breast cancer cells in order to generate BDNF knockdown cells (MCFΔBDNF). The impact of BDNF knockdown on growth and cellular migration were evaluated using standard growth assays and ECIS (electronic cell impedance sensing) technology. Results: BDNF gene transcripts were successfully detected in the breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7, MDA MB-231 and ZR 75-1. MCF-7 wild type cells were subject to transfection of anti-BDNF transgenes, followed by the establishment of BDNF knockdown sub-lines and empty vector control cells (MCFpef). Loss of BDNF in breast cancer cells resulted in reduction of cell growth rate (growth rate in MCFΔBDNF by day 3 1.60+/−0.11, compared with 2.06+/−0.04 in MCFpef, p=0.006). Using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing, it was found that loss of BDNF in breast cancer cells resulted in a significant increase in the rate of cellular attachment and migration (migration rate over 14 h in ohms: MCFΔBDNF 6310.125+/−595.183 compared with MCFpef 5115.5 +/−422.394, p=0.0003). Conclusion: When BDNF was stably knocked down in MCF-7 cell lines, the growth and proliferation were decreased. The ECIS results also showed that cell migration was decreased in MCF-7 cells stably transfected with ribozymes for BDNF compared with the vector control. It is concluded that BDNF, a neurotrophic growth factor aberrantly expressed in cancers such as breast cancer, has a profound impact on the cellular behaviour of breast cancer cells and that loss of BDNF is associated with a reduction of the aggressiveness of breast cancer. BDNF is therefore a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer and its effect in human breast cancer requires further investigation. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-21.
A Randomized Trial of Intravesical Doxorubicin and Immunotherapy with Bacille Calmette–Guérin for Transitional-Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: D L Lamm, B A Blumenstein, E D Crawford, J E Montie, P Scardino, H B Grossman, T H Stanisic, J A Smith, J Sullivan, M F Sarosdy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In carcinoma of the bladder, both intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy can induce tumor regression and reduce the rate of recurrence, but the relative merits of these two therapies are unclear. We conducted a multi-institutional study to address this question.
Safety and efficacy of single-day GemOx (S-GemOx) regimen in pts with pancreatobiliary cancer (PBC)
Authors: M. Y. Merl, J. Li, M. X. Lee, M. W. Saif
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15577 Background: GemOx (G 1000 mg/m 2 over 100 mins on d1 and Oxaliplatin (Ox) 100 mg/m 2 on d2 q2 wks) achieved a RR of 26.8%, improved PFS but failed to demonstrate a benefit in OS vs G in PBC. This regimen has regained attention after recent pooled- and meta-analysis suggesting a survival benefit of G-platinum doublets over G. However, GemOx is associated with inconvenience to pts, early cumulative dose to develop neuropathy and thrombocytopenia. In addition, prolonged infusion of G showed no benefit over 30 mins in ECOG 6201study. Pharmacokinetic profile of both drugs did not show statistically significant differences regardless the order of administration. We modified GemOx as S-GemOx (G 1000 mg/m 2 over 30 mins and Ox 85–100 mg/m 2 over 2 hrs on d1 q2 wks) given on same day to create a more convenient and equally effective regimen for these pts. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate PBC pts who received S-GemOx from Sep 06 to Dec 08. Adverse events were graded according to NCI-CTC v3.0. Response was assessed with RECIST by a CT scan q 8 wks. Results: 34 pts (median age 60y, M/F: 17/17) who received S-GemOx were evaluated: PC (26), BC (7) and ampullary ca (1). 7 pts received S-GemOx plus a biological agent (3 bevacizumab, 3 cetuximab and 1 panitumumab). Median duration of therapy was 12 wks (r: 2–56). Median cumulative dose of Ox was 510mg/m 2 (r: 85–2380). 27 pts were evaluated for efficacy after initial staging: 1 (3.7%) CR, 4 (14.8%) PR, 18 (66.7%) SD and 4 (14.8%) PD. ORR (CR+PR) and ODC (CR+PR+SD) were 18.5% and 85.2% respectively. Median EFS, PFS and OS were 12, 16.7 and 37.6 wks respectively. 13 (38%) pts required Ox dose reduction due to toxicities (cytopenia, HSR, elevated LFTs and diarrhea). G3/4 hematological toxicities include anemia (8%), neutropenia (11%), thrombocytopenia (5%), N/V (3%), diarrhea (3%), HSR (14%) and neuropathy (3%). No deaths occurred due to therapy. 1 pt received a total of 1,025 mg/m 2 of Ox on OPTIMOX approach. 9 pts discontinued therapy due to PD and 19 due to toxicities. Currently 4 pts are still receiving therapy. Conclusions: S-GemOx regimen provides convenient schedule, appears to be less toxic (G3/4 neuropathy: 3% vs 19.1%; thrombocytopenia 5% vs 14 %) and has comparable efficacy vs GemOx. Prospective studies of S-GemOx in a large pt population are warranted. [Table: see text]
Neutrophil Kinetics in Hereditary and Congenital Neutropenias
Authors: Robert A. Joyce, Dane R. Boggs, Paul A. Chervenick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Neutrophil production and distribution were studied in two families with autosomal dominantly inherited neutropenia to distinguish their illness from other neutropenic disorders. In addition to a reduced post-mitotic pool of bone-marrow neutrophils and neutrophil precursors, mitotic pool size was also reduced, ranging from 1.1 to 2.9 X 109 cells per kilogram (normal, 3.8±0.4 X 109 per kilogram). In vitro committed stem cells were reduced as well, ranging from 2 to 12/105 marrow cells (normal, 30 to 120/105). In three patients neutrophil counts were observed to return to normal when they were adults. In one such subject studied, however, both the mitotic pool of neutrophil precursors and marrow committed stem cells were reduced. These abnormalities were in contrast to studies of a patient with chronic benign neutropenia of childhood and an infant with Kostmann-type congenital neutropenia, both of whom had increased marrow committed stem cells. These studies demonstrate several different mechanisms for production of neutropenia in these syndromes. (N Engl J Med 295:1385–1390, 1976)
Pseudoadrenal Uptake of Bone Imaging Agent Secondary to Focal Acute Radiation Nephritis
Authors: PAUL J. BOHDIEWICZ, DEAN BALL, PETER CHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Abnormal focal increased activity was noted in the region of the superior aspects of both kidneys and in the L1 vertebra (the site of a known bony metastasis) on a bone scan of a 44-year-old woman with a history of breast cancer (T2N1M0 infiltrating ductal carcinoma). This bone scan appearance might suggest activity in the adrenal glands bilaterally but should actually be considered pathognomonic of focal acute radiation nephritis.
Dengue virus serotype 4 and chikungunya virus coinfection in a traveller returning from Luanda, Angola, January 2014
Authors: R Parreira, S Centeno-Lima, A Lopes, D Portugal-Calisto, A Constantino, J Nina
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

A concurrent dengue virus serotype 4 and chikungunya virus infection was detected in a woman in her early 50s returning to Portugal from Luanda, Angola, in January 2014. The clinical, laboratory and molecular findings, involving phylogenetic analyses of partial viral genomic sequences amplified by RT-PCR, are described. Although the circulation of both dengue and chikungunya viruses in Angola has been previously reported, to our knowledge this is the first time coinfection with both viruses has been detected there.