tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-390: Thyroid cancer incidence trends by gender and histology in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1997-2005
Authors: Lene Veiga, Gila Neta, Elaine Ron
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Thyroid cancer incidence has been increasing steadily in much of the developed world, but there is limited information on trends in the developing world. The overall rise in thyroid cancer incidence varies by gender, race/ethnicity, and geographic location, with the largest increases found among women and white non-Hispanics. Where histology is available, this increase has been accompanied by a change in the distribution of histological types, with a particular increase in papillary thyroid cancer. Sao Paulo, Brazil is the largest registry in Brazil and covers has one of the ten highest rates of thyroid cancer incidence worldwide, and has the highest rate among Brazilian registries. The Sao Paulo Registry covers about 15 million people in the region. Approximately 1000 new thyroid cancer cases are documented each year in Sao Paulo. This large number of cases presents the opportunity to evaluate trends in thyroid cancer incidence in a Latin American population. Using 12,495 cases reported between 1997 and 2005 to the Sao Paulo Cancer Registry, we analyzed thyroid cancer incidence patterns by gender and histology using Joinpoint analysis to calculate the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence, adjusting for age (standard world population). We found that females made up the vast majority of cases (87%) compared with males (13%). Papillary was the most common histology (74.7%), followed by follicular (17.3%), medullary (4%), and other (4%) among 77% of cases with histological confirmation. Overall incidence rates increased for both males and females, with a larger APC for females (+7.7%) compared with males (+6.6%). The greatest increases were seen for papillary and follicular histologies for both sexes. Rates increased most for females and males greater than 50 years of age compared with those 50 years or younger. Mortality rates remained relatively constant. These findings suggest that incidence rates of thyroid cancer are increasing in Sao Paulo, following a similar trend as seen in many developed countries. Further research looking at tumor stage and size could help to understand the potential causes of this increase. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-390.
Controversies in Management: Urologists must grasp the future
Authors: R S Kirby
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Over the past 20 years transurethral resection of the prostate has become the dominant operation in urology. Last year around 40 000 of these operations were done in the United Kingdom, 62% more than in 1975. In the United States the number of operations done under Medicare increased steadily until 1986. Since then, however, the number of operations has fallen by almost a fifth (fig 1). This reduction has occurred despite an increase in the proportion of the population over 65. What could be the explanation for the recent decline of this well tried and tested operation?



FIG 1 
Probability of recurrent prostatectomy in patients with benign disease according to method of treatment (modified from Wennberg et al1 with permission)



Clouds first began to appear on the horizon for transurethral resection of prostate in the mid-1980s when Wennberg et al reported retrospective data suggesting that the 90 day mortality after transurethral resection was nearly 10%, much more than that recorded after open prostatectomy.1 Moreover the same data showed a surprisingly high reoperation rate of 20% over eight years (fig 2). At the same …
Abstract 2201: The molecular signature of tumor cells that are sensitives to a new tight binder NAMPT inhibitor.
Authors: Sandrine Hilairet, Jerome Arigon, Frederico Nardi, Samir Jegham, Annick Peleraux, Sylvie Cosnier, Regine Floutard, Omar Jbilo, Paul August, Maysoun Shomali, Francois Autelitano, Rosalia Arrebola, Stephan Reiling, Jack Pollard, Francisco Adrian, Jason Sager, Christoph Lengauer, Marion Dorsh, Carlos Garcia-Echeverria, Monsif Bouaboula
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract SAR154782 is a tight binder, low reversible NAMPT inhibitor that has been identified by a phenotypic screen and chemogenomic approaches. This class of NAMPT inhibitor induces a profound and time dependent modulation of tumor metabolism which in turn induces the reprogrammation of tumor cell transcriptome. The transcriptional profile revealed that different metabolic and oncogenic signaling pathways are modulated by SAR154782. In order to define the context of tumor cell sensitivity to NAMPT inhibition, the effects of this compound on tumor cell growth and viability have been assessed against a panel of about 240 cell lines from different tissue origin. Based on the difference of tumor cell lines sensitivity to NAMPT inhibitor, a panel of 60 genes that are differentially expressed in the sensitive versus non-sensitive cell lines has been identified. Interestingly, the low expression of NAMPT concomitant with the high expression of Sirtuin1 and PARP1 are the main outstanding features in the panel of genes identified for the most sensitive cell lines. This finding is in agreement with high NAD turnover. The relevance of the preceding biomarkers to determine the potential cancer target population that could benefit upon treatment with a NAMPT inhibitor has been investigated in in vivo settings by evaluating the antitumor activity of an advanced new class of NAMPT inhibitors in several mouse tumor xenografts and human primary tumor models. The results obtained from these studies highlighted the modulation upon NAMPT inhibition of important tumor growth pathways and revealed for the first time a potential molecular signature of tumor sensitivity and support further investigation into use of the signature for patient stratification in the clinical setting Citation Format: Sandrine Hilairet, Jerome Arigon, Frederico Nardi, Samir Jegham, Annick Peleraux, Sylvie Cosnier, Regine Floutard, Omar Jbilo, Paul August, Maysoun Shomali, Francois Autelitano, Rosalia Arrebola, Stephan Reiling, Jack Pollard, Francisco Adrian, Jason Sager, Christoph Lengauer, Marion Dorsh, Carlos Garcia-Echeverria, Monsif Bouaboula. The molecular signature of tumor cells that are sensitives to a new tight binder NAMPT inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2201. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2201
Case 12-1996
Authors: K.A. Bauer, F.M. Graeme-Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Presentation of CaseAn 18-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of hepatomegaly and ascites.The patient had been in excellent health until four weeks earlier, when she started taking norethindrone–ethinyl estradiol tablets. Four days later, she began to have abdominal “bloating” and discontinued the medication; she continued to eat meals, without nausea or vomiting. Her physician elicited a history of a weight gain of 3.6 kg over a period of three months and found abdominal distention. A complete blood count and the results of tests of liver function were normal. Films of the abdomen showed distended loops of . . .
Visualization of the Right Atrial Appendage During Sestamibi Scintigraphy
Authors: ANTON MLIKOTIC, FRED S. MISHKIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Thoracic imaging with Tc-99m sestamibi can be used to evaluate cardiac perfusion and certain neoplastic processes, including breast carcinoma. Incidental increased uptake has been reported in various lung and bone cancers and lymphomas. Frequently, a focal area of increased uptake appears in the lower mediastinum, possibly indicating a mass or tumor-involved node and prompting further investigation. The authors report two cases that show this to be the normal right atrial appendage. Recognition of the tumor-imaging capabilities of Tc-99m sestamibi has steadily increased. However, an understanding of the normal variants during imaging may prevent unnecessary additional patient workups.
A Large Photon-Deficient Area in the Right Thorax on Tc-99m MIBI Thoracic SPECT Resulting From a Rapidly Enlarging Leiomyosarcoma
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, SYLVIA MAGOUN, VICKIE STIPP, KELLY GROSS, BARBARA LAHR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 64-year-old man with a history of leiomyosarcoma of the left eyebrow and the parotid gland, status postoperative irradiation, developed a rapidly enlarging mass in the right anterior thorax and was referred for Tc-99m MIBI SPECT. SPECT imaging showed a large photondeficient area in the right mediastinum. Tc-99m RBC blood pool imaging also showed a large photon-deficient mass; CT of the thorax showed a huge necrotic mass. Aspiration biopsy of the mass yielded brownish necrotic fluid and spindle-type tumor cells were found in the necrotic fluid consistent with leiomyosarcoma. Rapia growth of the tumor led to bleeding and necrosis that resulted in a large photon-deficient area in the right anterior thorax on Tc-99m MIBI thoracic SPECT as well as on Tc-99m RBC images.
Abstract 2681A: Structure-guided design of potent and selective inhibitors of B-Raf kinase displaying on-mechanism <i>in vivo</i> activity
Authors: Joseph L. Kim, Adrian L. Smith, Josette Carnahan, Pedro J. Beltran, Douglas A. Whittington, Mark J. Rose, Frenel DeMorin, Elizabeth Doherty, Qi Huang, Mquele Ncube, Nick A. Paras, Jeffrey K. Petkus, Andrew S. Tasker, Matthew R. Lee, Carol Babij, Manory Fernando, Kristen Hess, Quynh Le, Linda F. Epstein, Peter S. Yakowec
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The Ras-Raf-MAPK signaling pathway plays a central role in diverse cellular processes including differentiation, proliferation and survival. This pathway is activated in a large percentage of cancers as a result of mutations in Ras or in B-Raf Ser/Thr kinase. The activating mutation V600E in B-Raf is present in approximately 60% of melanomas and occurs with lower, yet still significant, frequency in human colon and thyroid cancers. Hence, V600EB-Raf has received considerable interest as a small-molecule drug discovery target within the pharmaceutical industry. A high-throughput screen of Amgen's internal kinase preferred library against a recombinant V600EB-Raf kinase domain enzyme identified a class of biarylamide compounds as potent inhibitors of this kinase, and potential starting points for medicinal chemistry efforts. However, these compounds suffered from poor kinase selectivity, particularly against tyrosine kinases from the Src-, VEGFR and PDGFR-families. Crystal structures of representative examples of this scaffold in B-Raf and other tyrosine kinases identified a unique pocket in B-Raf that could be accessed to achieve selective inhibitors of this enzyme. Consequently a novel series of isoquinoline-based compounds was derived which demonstrated potent inhibition against V600EB-Raf enzyme and inhibition of MAPK pathway signaling in cell lines harboring V600EB-Raf. Further optimization within this inhibitor class yielded compounds with favorable in vivo properties as demonstrated by robust inhibition of ERK phosphorylation in V600EB-Raf driven pharmacodynamic models. Crystallographic work supporting the optimization of this series of selective B-Raf inhibitors will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2681A.
A new hand-held gamma camera for sentinel node detection in breast cancer. The Minicam experience in 50 cases.
Authors: J Garbay, M Ricard, J Lumbroso, F Rimareix, C Uzan, S Gouy, P Leroy
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1021 Background: The Minicam* is a high-resolution 1.6 inches field-of-view hand-held gamma camera. We used it to detect breast cancer sentinel nodes (SN).&amp;#x2028; Material and Methods : This is a prospective, non-randomized, blind study comparing the minicam (MC) and classic scintigraphy (CS) in 50 cases. All patients underwent CS, and the surgeon used the MC in the operating room blinded to the CS results. Then CS images were visualized and the operation was performed as usual with a probe. At the end of the procedure, control MC images were obtained and displayed.&amp;#x2028; Results : Isotopic detection failed in a single case (1/50). Concordance between the MC and CS was very good in 33 cases (67.5%). In 6 cases (12%), the MC was better and in 10 cases (20.5%) CS was better, in terms of the number of detected nodes. The post-procedure control images were always negative. The surgeon found that the MC was better than the probe for node localization in 2 difficult cases. It took 4 to 10 minutes using the MC in the first 8 cases, and a mean of 2 minutes (range 1-3 min) thereafter. The small screen size (1.6x1.6 inches) was noted as the cause of difficulties in 12 cases and was associated with 4/10 failures.&amp;#x2028; Discussion : This minicam device is easy to use for the surgeon, with a user-friendly software, a short learning curve and good accuracy. The small screen size is really the only drawback. On the basis of this first blind comparison with CS, a larger multicentric study will be initiated.&amp;#x2028; * Euromedical, France. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1021.
1179 IMPACT OF IL28B GENOTYPE ON VIROLOGIC RESPONSE IN PRIOR TREATMENT FAILURE PATIENTS WHO RECEIVED MK-7009 IN COMBINATION WITH PEGINTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN
Authors: N. Mobashery, P. Wong, S. Zhang, S. Bhanja, A. Warner, P.M. Shaw, M. Rodriguez-Torres, E.J. Gane
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Gastric tuberculosis resembling depressed type, early gastric cancer
Authors: Hiroki Yaita, Shotaro Nakamura, Koichi Kurahara, Toshifumi Morishita, Shuji Kochi, Yumi Oshiro, Naohiko Hamaguchi, Tadahiko Fuchigami
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 60-year-old asymptomatic man was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a gastric lesion detected by esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in a medical check-up. EGD showed an irregularly shaped, depressed lesion with converging folds on the posterior wall of the upper gastric corpus ([Fig. 1], [Fig. 2]). Magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging at the anal portion of the lesion revealed spiral-shaped, dilated small vessels/microvessels with an amorphous surface ([Fig. 3]). Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) demonstrated a hypoechoic lesion localized in the deep portion of the mucosa and the superficial submucosa ([Fig. 4]). A biopsy from the lesion showed granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis and Langerhans giant cells. Acid-fast bacilli were detected by both Ziehl-Neelsen staining ([Fig. 5]) and mycobacterium culture. A polymerase chain reaction test for tuberculosis was also positive. Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) showed markedly increased accumulation in the lymph nodes of the mediastinum, pulmonary hilum, and upper abdomen ([Fig. 6]). Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed no evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. Colonoscopy, small-bowel capsule endoscopy, and bronchoscopy showed normal findings. Biopsy from the inguinal lymph node demonstrated nonspecific inflammation without any neoplastic cells or granulomas. Thus, the patient was diagnosed as having gastric tuberculosis with systemic lymphadenopathy, and subsequently underwent antituberculous treatment. Both the gastric lesion and lymphadenopathy had resolved 6 months later.
FRI0579-HPR Feasibility of Using Fitbit Flex to Motivate People with Rheumatoid Arthritis to BE Physically Active: Table 1
Authors: L. Feehan, C. Clayton, E. Carruthers, L. Li
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Physical activity (PA) can reduce pain and fatigue and improve quality of life in people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but adherence to an active lifestyle is poor. Wearable digital devices, such as Fitbit Flex™, are commercially available for people to track their PA and obtain on-demand feedback, with a goal to motivate users to be physically active. Most devices are designed for the general public. It is unclear whether it is feasible for people with RA, who have unique challenges with physical activity, to use these devices. <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine the feasibility for people with RA to use Fitbit Flex for tracking their PA and motivating them to be active. <h3>Methods</h3> Participants were recruited from rheumatologists9 offices and online in Vancouver, Canada. Individuals were eligible if they were age 19 or older, had physician-diagnosed RA, were available for an orientation session, and had daily access to computer and internet service. Individuals with comorbid conditions that prevented them from being physically active were excluded. Eligible participants were given a Fitbit Flex to wear on the non-dominant wrist for 4 weeks. Instructions were provided to set up the device and their online personal profile, where they could view at real time their step count, caloric output, number of active minutes and sleep quality of the previous night. Participants also wore a SenseWear Mini™ accelerometer, a validated tool for measuring physical activity in RA patients, during the first and last 7 days of the study. Step count, energy expenditure, active time and sedentary time were compared between the two monitors using paired t-test. Participants were also asked to rate on a 5-point scale their experience with Fitbit at the end of 4 weeks. <h3>Results</h3> 10 people with RA were recruited in September 2013. The majority were women (n=8) with a median age of 57 years (IQR=17; 67). All participants adhered to the 4-week protocol. The mean rating of the overall experience with the device and the online profile was 4.7 and 4.1, respectively. Compared to Sensewear, Fitbit recorded significantly higher step counts and total sedentary time, and lower total energy expenditure and light activity time. No significant difference was found in the moderate/vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time between the two devices. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Participants enjoyed using Fitbit Flex to monitor their physical activity. However, it appeared to overestimate the number of steps and sedentary time, and underestimate light activity time and total energy expenditure. Our findings suggest that Fitbit may be more suitable for motivating patients with RA to increase MVPA than to decrease sedentary behaviours. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4010
Abstract 2042: Aberrant expression of miR-21 triggers malignancy of human gliomas by disrupting negative feedback regulator, Spry2
Authors: Youn-Jae Kim, Hee-Jin Kwak, Jong Bae Park, Seung-Hoon Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The malignant progression of glioma is accompanied by diffuse infiltration. Recent evidences suggest the significant role of microRNAs in cancer cell migration and invasion. Therefore, we hypothesized that deregulation of microRNA may be important for the malignant progression of glioma. We found that aberrant expression of miR-21 is responsible for glioma invasion by disrupting the negative feedback circuit of Ras/MAPK signaling, which is mediated by Spry2. Upregulation of miR-21 was triggered by tumor microenvironmental factors such as hyaluronan and growth factors in glioma cells lacking functional PTEN, but not wild-type PTEN-harboring glioma cells. Consistently with these in vitro results, Spry2 protein levels were significantly decreased in 79.7% of invasive WHO grade II-IV human glioma tissues as well as cancer stem cell-derived tumor models, but not in non-invasive grade I and normal tissues. The Spry2 protein levels were not correlated with their mRNA levels, although they were inversely correlated with miR-21. Taken together, these results suggest that the post-transcriptional regulation of Spry2 by miR-21 plays an essential role on the malignant progression of human gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2042.
OP14 * METASTASIS INDUCING PROTEINS PREDICT THE INVASIVENESS AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: R. Zakaria, N. Rathi, D. Crooks, A. Brodbelt, P. R. Rudland, M. D. Jenkinson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Brain metastases are an increasingly common problem affecting ∼40% of cancer patients but their biology and prognosis is poorly understood. Four metastasis inducing proteins (MIPs) - AGR2, S100P, S100A4 and osteopontin - are overexpressed in a number of cancers including breast and are sufficient for induction of invasion and metastasis in animal models. Expression of AGR2 under hypoxic stress has been shown to induce migration and angiogenesis in two GBM cell lines. We investigated MIP expression in a series of resected brain metastases of carcinomas from different tissues. METHOD: MIP expression was assayed in 121 specimens from the Walton bank using immunohistochemistry and scored semi-quantitatively by a neuropathology and neurosurgery researcher. Clinical information was collected on primary cancer, adjuvant treatments, RPA class, recurrence and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Patients with breast to brain metastases that expressed AGR2 showed a trend to shorter OS in actuarial analysis compared to those that did not (4.5 vs. 18.4 months, log rank p = .14). Melanoma metastases - which in mouse models invade brain by perivascular migration - also showed a shorter OS when over-expressing AGR2 (1.5 vs. 5.3 months, p < .01). By contrast lung adenocarcinoma metastases - which are stationary not migratory when colonising brain tissue in vivo - showed the reverse pattern, with expression of AGR2 and the other MIPs being associated with a prolonged OS (5.8 vs. 2.8 months, p < .01). CONCLUSION: Proteins which mediate migration and invasion are strongly associated with survival in human brain metastases. This may depend on the primary cancer type and mechanism of intracranial spread. Further investigation is ongoing.
The relationship between time to treatment, disease stage and prognosis in head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma in adults
Authors: Shiro Kimbara, Shinsuke Sasada, Jun Hashimoto, Makoto Kodaira, Harukaze Yamamoto, Mayu Yunokawa, Kan Yonemori, Chikako Shimizu, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Kenji Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Women in Clinical Trials of New Drugs -- A Change in Food and Drug Administration Policy
Authors: Ruth B. Merkatz, Robert Temple, Solomon Sobel, Karyn Feiden, David A. Kessler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking two important steps to ensure that new drugs are properly evaluated in women. First, it is providing formal guidance to drug developers to emphasize its expectations that women will be appropriately represented in clinical studies and that new drug applications will include analyses capable of identifying potential differences in drug actions or efficacy between the sexes. Second, the agency is altering a 16-year-old policy that has excluded most women with “childbearing potential” from the earliest phases of clinical trials. Attention to sex differences is part of a larger effort by the FDA . . .
Ichthyosis as the dermatological phenotype associated with<i>TTC7A</i>mutations
Authors: S. Leclerc-Mercier, R. Lemoine, A.E. Bigorgne, F. Sepulveda, C. Leveau, A. Fischer, N. Mahlaoui, S. Hadj-Rabia, G. de Saint Basile
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)