tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The female condom: dynamics of use in urban Zimbabwe.
Authors: Kerrigan D, Mobley S, Rutenberg N, Fisher A, Weiss E
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2000)

The goal of this cross-sectional research is to increase understanding of the patterns and dynamics of female condom use in order to inform policy-makers and program planners involved in decisions about promotion and distribution of the female condom in Zimbabwe.  An intercept survey was conducted among women and men in urban sales outlets.  A total of 493 female condom users 633 male condom users and 624 nonusers were enrolled.  Male and female users of the female condom also participated in the in-depth interviews and focus groups.  Users of the female condom are generally in their mid- to late 20s have higher levels of education and access to household resources are unmarried women or married men and have used the male condom at least once prior to trying the female condom.  Experimentation pregnancy prevention and prevention from sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV/AIDS are primary reasons for female condom use. Users perceive the female condom to be effective and reliable as both an STI and HIV/AIDS prevention method and a contraceptive method but some difficulty with its use were also reported. Women more than men initiate dialogue about using a female condom decide on its use and procure the product.  Overall about 15% of women and men reported always using the female condom but consistent use was reported less frequently with spouses than with regular extramarital partners.  Of the inconsistent female condom users who have used the male condom 93.8% reported continued use of the male condom.  Policy implications are discussed.
Expression of C/EBPβ in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Is Mandatory for Early-Stage B Cell Lymphopoiesis
Authors: Satoshi Yoshioka, Yasuo Miura, Hisayuki Yao, Yoshihiro Hayashi, Akihiro Tamura, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Hideyo Hirai, Akifumi Takaori-Kondo, Taira Maekawa
Journal: Blood (2012)
The Green Tea Extract Epigallocatechin Induces In Vitro Cell Death in Primary Human Lymphoma Cells through an ROS Dependent Mechanism.
Authors: Tait D. Shanafelt, Yean K. Lee, Susan M. Geyer, Deanna Grote, Mary Stenson, Steven Zincke, Stephen M. Ansell, Thomas E. Witzig, Neil E. Kay
Journal: Blood (2006)
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics from a First-in-Human Phase 1 Dose Escalation Study with Antagonist Anti-CD40 Antibody, HCD122 (Formerly CHIR-12.12), in Patients with Relapsed and Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Authors: John C. Byrd, Ian W. Flinn, Khuda D. Khan, Thomas J. Kipps, Lea Aukerman, Judith Fox, Sandhya Girish, Serge Guzy, Sanela Bilic, Alan Solinger, Sherri Dort, Yongyu Wang, Deborah Hurst, Susan O’Brien
Journal: Blood (2006)
A First-in-Human Phase I Study of the ATP-Competitive AKT Inhibitor Ipatasertib Demonstrates Robust and Safe Targeting of AKT in Patients with Solid Tumors
Authors: Cristina Saura, Desamparados Roda, Susana Roselló, Mafalda Oliveira, Teresa Macarulla, José Alejandro Pérez-Fidalgo, Rafael Morales-Barrera, Juan Manuel Sanchis-García, Luna Musib, Nageshwar Budha, Jin Zhu, Michelle Nannini, Wai Y. Chan, Sandra M. Sanabria Bohórquez, Raymond D. Meng, Kui Lin, Yibing Yan, Premal Patel, José Baselga, Josep Tabernero, Andrés Cervantes
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Activation of AKT signaling by PTEN loss or PIK3CA mutations occurs frequently in human cancers, but targeting AKT has been difficult due to the mechanism-based toxicities of inhibitors that target the inactive conformation of AKT. Ipatasertib (GDC-0068) is a novel selective ATP-competitive small-molecule inhibitor of AKT that preferentially targets active phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and is potent in cell lines with evidence of AKT activation. In this phase I study, ipatasertib was well tolerated; most adverse events were gastrointestinal and grade 1-2 in severity. The exposures of ipatasertib ≥200 mg daily in patients correlated with preclinical TGI90, and pharmacodynamic studies confirmed that multiple targets (i.e., PRAS40, GSK3β, and mTOR) were inhibited in paired on-treatment biopsies. Preliminary antitumor activity was observed; 16 of 52 patients (30%), with diverse solid tumors and who progressed on prior therapies, had radiographic stable disease, and many of their tumors had activation of AKT.Potent inhibition of AKT signaling with ipatasertib was associated with a tolerable safety profile and meaningful disease control in a subgroup of patients. Targeting pAKT with an ATP-competitive inhibitor provides a greater therapeutic window than allosteric inhibitors. Further investigation with ipatasertib is ongoing in phase II studies. Cancer Discov; 7(1); 102-13. ©2016 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1.
SIRT Regulates the Molecular Interaction Between c-MYC and HIF-1α in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Enrica Borsi, Giulia Perrone, Carolina Terragna, Marina Martello, Manuela Mancini, Elisa Leo, Elena Zamagni, Paola Tacchetti, Annamaria Brioli, Lucia Pantani, Beatrice Anna Zannetti, Giovanni Martinelli, Michele Cavo
Journal: Blood (2012)
PTU-059 Early Experience with Biosimilar Infliximab at a District General Hospital for an Entire Crohns Disease Patient Cohort Switch from Remicade to Inflectra
Authors: K Ala, P Avery, R Wilson, A Prowse, J Shutt, J Jupp, S Bridger
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Switching from an established biologic to a biosimilar to save costs was considered likely to be 'inappropriate and ineffective' by ECCO.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> With Area Prescribing Committee approval, all Crohns disease (CD) patients established on Remicade were provided with written and verbal information regarding the proposed switch, and all patients infused after April 2015 received Inflectra. Baseline calprotectin and Infliximab antibody and trough levels were undertaken. Harvey Bradshaw Indices (HBI) were assessed at every 8 week infusion. <h3>Results</h3> 21 CD patients were already established on Remicade treatment. 1 patient did not receive Inflectra as he was relapsing with high antibody and low trough levels. 4 other patients with high antibody levels (&gt;10iU/L) did receive Inflectra, but increasing symptoms led to alternative immunosuppression in 3 of these patients (2 with Adalumimab, 1 with Allopurinol/Azathioprine). A decision was made just to stop infliximab in the 4'th pt as they were in full clinical remission. The results of the remaining 16 patients are illustrated below. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Although this is a small dataset, early results are encouraging. Patients understood the rationale behind the switch. There were no significant adverse events as a consequence of the switch. The majority of patients either remained in clinical remission or improved during the follow up period. The annual confirmed cost savings of £220,000 permitted investment in further IBD nurse monitoring (0.5 WTE) and allowed the introduction of infliximab trough and antibody testing which has certainly optimised and rationalised treatment decisions in these complex patients. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Danese S, <i>et al</i>. ECCO position statement: the use of biosimilar medicines in the treatment of IBD. <i>J Crohns Colitis</i> 2013;<b>7</b>(7): 586–9. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Mimicking the Myeloma Niche: A 3D Bone-Derived Co-Culture System to Selectively Assess Bystander BMSCs and to Perform High-Throughput Drug Screening in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Johannes M. Waldschmidt, Dagmar Wider, Andreas R. Thomsen, Claudius Klein, Christine Aldrian, Martin Kortuem, Marie Follo, Julia Schüler, Justus Duyster, Monika Engelhardt, Ralph Wäsch
Journal: Blood (2015)
PTH-061 The Proliferation of Human Intestinal Macrophage Subsets in IBD and Controls
Authors: E McDonald, PB Wright, CC Bain, AM Mowat, DR Gaya, SWF Milling
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to be dependent on cell populations of the mononuclear phagocyte (MNP) system; monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs). However, it is not yet fully understood how these functionally different MNP populations contribute to IBD immunopathogenesis. To address this, it is necessary to identify the functional and phenotypic attributes of the different human intestinal MNP populations. <h3>Methods</h3> Fresh colonoscopic biopsies were taken, after signed informed consent, from patient with Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and controls undergoing polyp surveillance scope. Biopsies were rapidly transferred to the lab for analysis. Using 12 parameter flow cytometry we have developed new strategies to identify and differentiate human intestinal MNPs, to enhance our understanding of their involvement in IBD. <h3>Results</h3> Within the colonic lamina propria, we unambiguously differentiate macrophage populations from dendritic cells (DCs: CD64<sup>−</sup> HLA-DR<sup>+</sup> CD11c<sup>+</sup>; macrophages: CD64<sup>+</sup> CD206<sup>+</sup> HLA-DR<sup>+</sup>). The colonic macrophages homogeneously express CD33 and CD68, two previously reported markers of human macrophages. Furthermore, we demonstrate heterogeneous expression of CD14 within this macrophage population. Further characterisation of the colonic macrophages identified two distinct groups, identifiable by their differential expression of the mannose receptor, CD206. To address the characteristics of these macrophage populations we assessed their proliferation, by measuring Ki67 expression. Surprisingly, all populations were found to proliferate at higher than expected levels, both in the steady state and during inflammation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have developed novel protocols to isolate and identify MNP populations from human intestinal lamina propria. Human macrophages exhibit significant levels of proliferation under steady state conditions, and in samples from patients with IBD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Final Results of a Dose Escalation Study of Flavopiridol in Acute Leukemias Using a Novel Treatment Schedule.
Authors: William Blum, Rebecca B. Klisovic, Amy Johnson, Cheryl Kefauver, Mitch Phelps, David Lucas, Lenguyen Huynh, Shujun Liu, James T. Dalton, Michael R. Grever, Guido Marcucci, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2007)
Investigation of Epoetin alfa (EPO) 80,000 Units (U) Every 4 Weeks (Q4W) vs. 40,000 U Every 2 Weeks (Q2W) in Patients with Cancer Not Receiving Chemotherapy (CT) or Radiation Therapy (RT): Final Results.
Authors: Daniel Shasha, Fitzroy Dawkins, Donghan Luo, Francois E. Wilhelm, Marc Kamin
Journal: Blood (2007)
SAT0623 The Role of Rehabilitation in Avascular Necrosis of The Humeral Head – Randomized Study
Authors: R. Traistaru, A.M. Bumbea, D. Kamal, C. Kamal, O. Rogoveanu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Avascular necrosis of the humeral head (AVNHH), a pathologic process with multifactorial etiology that results from interruption of blood supply to the bone, leading to the collapse of humeral head that requires shoulder hemiarthroplasty, is the second most common site of this disorder behind the femoral head. Trauma is a common cause, but atraumatic necrosis has developed for patient with risk factors. The successful treatment is related directly to the stage of disease at diagnosis. Early detection and conservative treatment with physical therapy, modification of activity, kinetic program and analgesics is the key to best management. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objectives of our study (a single blind, randomized controlled trial) were: to establish the risk factors associated with disease and to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation program on clinical and functional parameters and to assess the short-term effects of this program on quality of life of patients with AVNHH. <h3>Methods</h3> 12 patients aged between 35 - 45 years with AVNHH stage I and II (precollapse stages), were randomized into two groups: Group 1 – 7 patients (G1) was treated by complex therapy (medication, stretching and strengthening exercises, ultrasound and interferential current), and group 2 – 5 patients (G2) control receiving only medication. The duration of rehabilitation program was 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated initial and finally. The outcome assessments at the beginning and at the end of the rehabilitation were pain intensity (with dolorimeter), active range of shoulder movements and HAQ score. <h3>Results</h3> The AVNHH is associated with shoulder traumatic conditions (5 patients) and the mentioned risk factors were corticosteroid administration (10 patients), heavy alcohol intake (4 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (3 patients). In both groups, improvements were found in pain intensity (65% in G1 and 35% in G 2, respectively) and this reduction was significantly higher in G1. The mean value of range of shoulder movements (flexion, abduction, rotations) and HAQ score showed significant improvements in G1 group. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study confirms the literature data that rehabilitation program can be very effective in treating AVNHH if it is detected early. Maintaining range of motion and muscle strength are crucial to avoid further humeral head collapse and improvement in pain scores and upper limb function. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The adenoma miss rate of blue-laser imaging vs. white-light imaging during colonoscopy: a randomized tandem trial
Authors: Ryo Shimoda, Yasuhisa Sakata, Takehiro Fujise, Kohei Yamanouchi, Nanae Tsuruoka, Megumi Hara, Atsushi Nakayama, Daisuke Yamaguchi, Takashi Akutagawa, Kazuma Fujimoto, Ryuichi Iwakiri
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

<b>Background and study aims</b> The aim of the present study was to determine whether blue-laser imaging (BLI) reduced the miss rate of colon adenomatous lesions compared with conventional white-light imaging (WLI). <b>Patients and methods</b> This was a prospective randomized study of patients undergoing screening and/or surveillance colonoscopy at Saga Medical School, Japan. A total of 127 patients were randomized to tandem colonoscopy with BLI followed by WLI (BLI-WLI group) or WLI followed by WLI (WLI-WLI group). The main outcome measure was the adenoma miss rate. <b>Results</b> The proportion of patients with adenomatous lesions was 62.5 % (40 /64) in the BLI-WLI group and 63.5 % (40 /63) in the WLI-WLI group. The total number of adenomatous lesions detected in the first inspection of the BLI-WLI and WLI-WLI groups was 179 and 108, respectively, compared with 182 and 120 in the second inspection, respectively. The miss rate in the BLI-WLI group was (1.6 %), which was significantly less than that in the WLI-WLI group (10.0 %, <i>P</i> = 0.001). <b>Conclusions</b> Colonoscopy using BLI resulted in a lower colon adenoma miss rate than WLI. Trial registration UMIN 000015677.
Intracardiac Transplantation of Already Specifically Dedifferentiated Circulating CD34+ Cell Subsets Would Favor Post-Ischemic Myocardial Regeneration.
Authors: Philippe R.G. Henon, Hanna Sovalat, Mario Ojeda-Uribe, Yazid Arkam, Nicolas Bischoff, Jean-Pierre Monassier, Robert Dallemand
Journal: Blood (2004)
Manipulation of Oxygen Tension and Medium Composition To Enhance CD34+ Cell Numbers and Megakaryocytic Potential of Cord Blood Progenitors.
Authors: Shannon M. Kidd, Nathalie Brouard, Kevin Cao, Simon N. Robinson, Michael Thomas, Tuongvan Nguyen, Wei Qiao, Peter Thall, Patrick Zweidler-McKay, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Paul J. Simmons
Journal: Blood (2007)
Decreased Expression of Anti-DNMT1 Tumor-Suppressor microRNAs in Azacitidine (AZA)-Resistant Cells Independently Predicts Survival in Patients Treated with AZA for Higher Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (HRMDS) and Oligoblastic Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Francoise Solly, Catherine Koering, Aminetou mint Mohamed, Delphine Maucort-Boulch, Guillaume Robert, Patrick Auberger, Pascale Flandrin-Gresta, Lionel Adès, Pierre Fenaux, Olivier Kosmider, Emmanuelle Tavernier-Tardy, Jérôme Cornillon, Denis Guyotat, Lydia Campos, Franck Mortreux, Eric Wattel
Journal: Blood (2015)
International standards for symphysis-fundal height based on serial measurements from the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study of the INTERGROWTH-21<sup>st</sup>Project: prospective cohort study in eight countries
Authors: Aris T Papageorghiou, Eric O Ohuma, Michael G Gravett, Jane Hirst, Mariangela F da Silveira, Ann Lambert, Maria Carvalho, Yasmin A Jaffer, Douglas G Altman, Julia A Noble, Enrico Bertino, Manorama Purwar, Ruyan Pang, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Cesar Victora, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Stephen H Kennedy, José Villar
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To create international symphysis-fundal height standards derived from pregnancies of healthy women with good maternal and perinatal outcomes. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Prospective longitudinal observational study. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;Eight geographically diverse urban regions in Brazil, China, India, Italy, Kenya, Oman, United Kingdom, and United States. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;Healthy, well nourished pregnant women enrolled into the Fetal Growth Longitudinal Study component of the INTERGROWTH-21<sup>st</sup> Project at 9-14 weeks' gestation, and followed up until birth. <b>Main outcome measures</b>&nbsp;Symphysis-fundal height was measured every five weeks from 14 weeks' gestation until birth using standardised methods and dedicated research staff who were blinded to the symphysis-fundal height measurements by turning the tape measure so that numbers were not visible during examination. The best fitting curve was selected using second degree fractional polynomials and further modelled in a multilevel framework to account for the longitudinal design of the study. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;Of 13 108 women screened in the first trimester, 4607 (35.1%) met the study entry criteria. Of the eligible women, 4321 (93.8%) had pregnancies without major complications and delivered live singletons without congenital malformations. The median number of symphysis-fundal height measurements was 5.0 (range 1-7); 3976 (92.0%) women had four or more measurements. Symphysis-fundal height measurements increased almost linearly with gestational age; data were used to determine fitted 3rd, 50th, and 97th centile curves, which showed excellent agreement with observed values. <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;This study presents international standards to measure symphysis-fundal height as a first level screening tool for fetal growth disturbances.
Persistence Among Patients with Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation Beginning Dabigatran or Warfarin
Authors: Kevin M Francis, Kimberly Siu, Chen Yu, Hasmik Alvrtsyan, Yajing Rao, David R Walker, Stephen D Sander, Martin Zalesak, Gavin Miyasato, Herman Sanchez
Journal: Blood (2012)
PWE-096 Fit Haemoglobin Concentration in Faeces for Three Analytical Systems from One to 48 Hours After Sampling: Abstract PWE-096 Table 1
Authors: C John, C Piggott, H Bruce
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Automated quantitative faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) for haemoglobin (Hb) include a faecal sampling device (with preservative buffer) and analytical system. In colorectal cancer screening programmes faecal samples are usually collected at home and returned to the laboratory for testing. The manufacturers state a minimum of one hour incubation before analysis, to allow time for Hb release from the sample into the buffer. We investigated the Hb concentration from one to 48 hours using Hb-positive faeces using three analysers. <h3>Methods</h3> Hb-positive faecal samples were taken from stools provided for calprotectin analysis, mixed for two minutes using wooden mixing sticks to distribute the Hb and loaded on to the sampling devices according to the manufacturers’ instructions, with wiped tips. Seven samples were set up in duplicate for the Extel Hemo Auto MC Collection Picker (Kyowa Medex Co. Ltd), FOB Gold (Sentinel Diagnostics), and OC-Sensor Autosampling Bottle 3 (Eiken Chemical Co.) and an additional four samples were set up on the latter two analysers as the first was unavailable. Samples were incubated at room temperature (15–23<sup>o</sup>C) and the Hb was measured at 1, 2, 3, 24, 48 hours using the HM-JACKarc, SentiFIT 270 and OC-Sensor PLEDIA, respectively, ensuring the samples were first mixed and allowed to stand for 15 minutes. <h3>Results</h3> The percentage difference of the mean of the duplicate results from 1, 2, 3, 24 and 48 hours was calculated. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Changes in Hb concentration over 48 hours showed variation for all three FIT systems possibly due to the difference in nature of the sample. Overall the Hb concentration increased to 24 hours then decreased using the SENTIFIT and PLEDIA by which time the faeces appeared to be distributed in the buffer compared with the HM JACKarc for which faeces remained on the sample stick for some samples at 48 hours. The average and minimum percentage differences for the SentiFIT 270 were lower than the PLEDIA with the highest values for HM JACKarc possibly due detection of different Hb degradation products over time. Further work is needed to assess a bigger sample group and whether samples prepared sooner after collection would show the same differences. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
PTU-001 Chromoendoscopy for Angiectasias in Capsule Endoscopy; Blue or Just White?
Authors: A Koulaouzidis, DE Yung, E Rondonotti, D Voulgarakis, DK Iakovidis
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Blue mode (BM) is one of the features of proprietary software (RAPID®; Medtronic Ltd) for capsule endoscopy (CE) review. BM is a colour coefficient shift of light in the short wavelength range (490–430 nm) superimposed onto a white light (WL) image.<sup>1 </sup>Recently, studies have shown that BM improves visualisation of vascular and erythematous non-vascular CE lesions.<sup>1,2 </sup>We aimed to objectively evaluate the validity of BM in CE in assessing the surface annotations of angiectasias as compared to WL. <h3>Methods</h3> A set of 100 anonymised images of angiectasias was used, with the lesions captured both in WL and BM in the same pose. The entire dataset is available in our online database, KID (http://is-innovation.eu/kid). Three reviewers (2 experts and one novice in CE review) graphically annotated the lesions using Ratsnake annotation tool (http://is-innovation.eu/ratsnake). The images were reviewed in WL and BM twice to estimate the inter- and intra-observer variability (at least 7 days apart). The Jaccard index (JI) was used to assess the similarity (agreement) of the annotations performed by the reviewers. <h3>Results</h3> Under WL, the average inter-observer agreement ranged between 65±15% (novice vs. expert reviewer) and 67±13% (between experts), while the intra-observer agreement, ranged between 69±17% and 71±13%. Under BM, the average inter-observer agreement ranged between 56±19% (novice vs. expert reviewer) and 78±18% (between experts). The average intra-observer agreement in BM ranged between 69±20% and 73±8. <h3>Conclusion</h3> BM CE image review does not improve significantly the surface annotations of angiectasias -as compared to WL- for expert or novice reviewers.<sup>3,4 </sup> <h3>References</h3> 1 Abdelaal UM, <i>et al</i>. Blue mode imaging may improve the detection and visualisation of small-bowel lesions: A capsule endoscopy study. <i>Saudi J Gastroentero</i> 2015;<b>21</b>:418–22. 2 Krystallis C, <i>et al</i>. Chromoendoscopy in small bowel capsule endoscopy: Blue mode or Fuji Intelligent Colour Enhancement? <i>Dig Liver Dis</i> 2011;<b>43</b>:953–7. 3 Koulaouzidis A, <i>et al</i>. Blue mode does not offer any benefit over white light when calculating Lewis score in small-bowel capsule endoscopy. <i>World J Gastrointest Endosc</i> 2012;<b>4</b>:33–7. 4 Koulaouzidis A, et al. QuickView in small-bowelcapsule endoscopy is useful in certain clinical settings, but QuickView with BlueMode is of no additional benefit. <i>Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol</i> 2012;<b>24</b>:1099–104. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared