tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract SY01-03: The obesity-inflammation connection: Implications for breast carcinogenesis.
Authors: Andrew J. Dannenberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Obesity is a risk factor for the development of several malignancies including hormone receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women and has been associated with an increased risk of recurrence and reduced survival. Chronic inflammation increases the risk of multiple malignancies. A link between obesity, breast inflammation and hormone receptor-positive breast cancer was previously unknown. Obesity causes subclinical inflammation in visceral and subcutaneous white adipose tissue, characterized by macrophages surrounding dead adipocytes forming crown-like structures (CLS). The synthesis of estrogen is catalyzed by aromatase, which is encoded by CYP19. Recently, we found increased numbers of CLS, activation of the NF-κB transcription factor, increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2) and elevated aromatase levels and activity in the mammary glands of obese mice. These preclinical findings raised the possibility that the obesity→inflammation →aromatase axis is important for breast carcinogenesis. Importantly, these findings have now been translated to women. Breast tissue was obtained from women who underwent mastectomy. CLS of the breast (CLS-B) were found in nearly 50% of patient samples. The severity of breast inflammation, defined as the CLS-B index, correlated with both body mass index and adipocyte size. Consistent with our preclinical findings, increased NF-κB binding activity, increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and elevated aromatase expression and activity were found in the inflamed breast tissue of overweight and obese women. Collectively, these results suggest that the obesity→inflammation →aromatase axis is present in the breast tissue of most overweight and obese women and is likely to contribute to the increased risk of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. The presence of CLS-B may be a biomarker of increased breast cancer risk or poor prognosis. The discovery of the connection between obesity, breast inflammation and changes in the expression of genes linked to breast cancer provides a mechanistic rationale for the development of behavioral, dietary and pharmacological strategies to reduce the risk of breast cancer. Recently conducted preclinical experiments provide proof-of-principle evidence that obesity-related mammary gland inflammation can be rapidly reversed with caloric restriction. Citation Format: Andrew J. Dannenberg. The obesity-inflammation connection: Implications for breast carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY01-03. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-SY01-03
AB1269 Can we simplify ultrasonography synovitis scoring system in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: J.A. Mendonça, M.C. Bisi, I.G. da Silveira, A.D. do Prado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The US is an imaging method that is becoming a sensitive tool and useful in the detection and follow-up of inflammatory activity and structural damage of joints in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare two different scores for ultrasound examination to shorten the time and feasibility. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty-two patients with RA, fulfilling ACR criteria1987 were examined by GE LOGIQ XP-linear ultrasound (US) and high frequency transducer for gray scale (GS) and power Doppler (PD) with a semi-quantitative (0 to 3) score of 7 joints of the clinically dominant hand and foot: wrist, second and third metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal, and second and fifth metatarsophalangeal joints, as previously related (Backhaus,Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism 2009) (Mendonça JA, Thesis 2011). Spearman's correlation test was used for comparison of nonparametric variables and considered significant at the 0.05 to test the hypothesis that hands examination (5 joints), excluded feet, could have a good correlation with score 7 joints. <h3>Results</h3> This study evaluated 832 joints of 32 RA patients (75% women) in Campinas (UNICAMP), mean duration disease of 13 months, mean age of 42 years. The 5 joints score had high correlation coefficient in GS 0.997 (p&lt;0.001) and in PD 1.0 (p&lt;0.001) comparing to the 7 joints score. The 7 and 5 joints GS and PD scores showed a highly significant correlation with changes in DAS28 (P&lt;0.001). In individual analysis, just 3 patients had US changes in feet. There were no differences between GS and PD. Time was shortening in 10 to 15 minutes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Dominant hand 5 joints may be a valid method for assessing joint inflammation in a quick and easily performed. Different scores could be necessary to develop in agreement with different studies. <h3>References</h3> Backhaus M, Ohrndorf S, Kellner H, Strunk J, Backhaus T.M, Hartung W, et al. Evaluation of a Novel 7-Joint Ultrasound Score in Daily Rheumatologic Practice: A Pilot Project. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;61:1194-201. Mendonça JA,Bértolo MB. Joint Ultrasound: an important assessment toll for the diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis [Thesis]. Campinas: UNICAMP – State University of Campinas; 2011. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Isoform Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor Entinostat Is Active in Primary Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models.
Authors: P. Ordentlich, J. Hoffman, T. Doser, L. Tee, Y. Huynh, S. Mee, H. Mamuszka, G. Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Triple-negative (ER, PR, HER2 negative) breast cancer represents an unmet need for which novel agents and approaches are essential. Entinostat is an oral, class 1 isoform selective histone deacetylase inhibitor currently in multiple phase 2 clinical studies including advanced NSCLC and breast cancer. Previous studies have a) established the anti-proliferative activity of entinostat in the triple negative cell line model MDA-MB-231 b) shown that entinostat induces expression of ERα and c) that entinostat is synergistic with aromatase inhibitors to inhibit tumor growth of ER negative cancer cells. The aim of these studies was to validate the activity of entinostat in highly predictive primary human tumor models of triple negative breast cancer.Methods: Two approaches have been taken. First, entinostat was tested in the Oncotech Extreme Drug Resistance (EDR) proliferation assay using ten cryopreserved breast tumor explants known to lack ER, PR and HER2/neu expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Second, entinostat was tested at 5, 15, 30 mg/kg/d in two xenograft models using tissue derived directly from patient tumor resections. The breast cancer models MV4151 (from a postmenopausal patient with ductal invasive breast carcinoma) and MV4586 (from a premenopausal patient with relapsed invasive lobular breast carcinoma) were negative for ERa protein, however still positive for ERa mRNA. Both xenograft tumors did not express ERb. The tumor doubling times in nude mice were between 10 and 30 days. Both tumors are HER-2 negative (determined by IHC).Results: Dose response curves of entinostat were analyzed and compared to paclitaxel at 2.45 µM in ten triple negative breast tumor explants in the EDR assay. Entinostat was broadly effective in all of the tumors tested with IC50's ranging from 10nM to 270nM which are within the clinically achievable concentrations of entinostat. Two of the breast tumors that were most sensitive to entinostat (IC50 30- 100nM) were also sensitive to paclitaxel. In contrast, entinostat inhibited (IC50 10-270nM) the growth of eight of the tumors that were resistant to paclitaxel (i.e. &amp;lt; 50% growth inhibition at 2.45 µM). For the xenograft studies, at the time of writing, dose response data in the MV4151 model has demonstrated tumor growth inhibition by entinostat at the 15 and 30 mg/kg/d administered orally with no apparent weight loss. Ongoing experiments for which data will be presented include dose response in MV4586 as well as combinations with tamoxifen and fulvestrant in both xenograft models.Conclusions: Entinostat is an effective agent at inhibiting the growth of triple negative breast tumors in human primary tumor models. A pre-surgical clinical study to assess the activity of entinostat in triple negative breast cancer patients is planned. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1146.
Evolving Infarction in the Anterior Circulation
Authors: Dilan Athauda, Garryck Shernshih Tan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 47-year-old woman with a history of migraine was admitted to the hospital with acute-onset headache on the left side of her head and mild weakness of her left arm. CT of the brain, performed 5 hours after symptom onset, showed linear areas of hyperdensity.
Asymptomatic pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis diagnosed in the follow-up of a dysplastic polyp
Authors: João Santos-Antunes, Rosa Ramalho, Susana Lopes, Susana Guimarães, Fátima Carneiro, Guilherme Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 73-year-old man with a medical history of ischemic cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation, who was being treated with digoxin, bisoprolol, and warfarin, underwent a colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening in April 2013. A 20-mm pedunculated polyp was excised from the ascending colon using a snare after injection of epinephrine in the stalk, and a 30-mm pedunculated polyp was excised, using a similar method, from the sigmoid colon; no other lesions were found. Pathologic analysis showed a low grade dysplastic adenoma in the former and a low grade dysplastic adenoma with areas of high grade dysplasia, with free margins, in the latter. The patient did not experience any immediate complications and remained completely asymptomatic.
Diagnostic of infection byhelicobacter pylori (H. p) in patients with HIV-positive effectiveness of serological methods vs ureasa test and biopsy of mucous gastric
Authors: M.E. Flores, J. Ramos, M.R. Chacón, A. Pinto, M. Pacheco, M.E. Flores
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
PREOPERATIVE FRAILTY AS A PREDICTOR OF OUTCOMES FOLLOWING TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Atul Anand, Catherine Harley, Akila Visvanathan, Anoop Shah, Joanna Cowell, Alasdair MacLullich, Susan Shenkin, Nicholas Mills
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Severe Acquired Immunodeficiency in Male Homosexuals, Manifested by Chronic Perianal Ulcerative Herpes Simplex Lesions
Authors: Frederick P. Siegal, Carlos Lopez, Glenn S. Hammer, Arthur E. Brown, Stephen J. Kornfeld, Jonathan Gold, Joseph Hassett, Shalom Z. Hirschman, Charlotte Cunningham-Rundles, Bernard R. Adelsberg, David M. Parham, Marta Siegal, Susanna Cunningham-Rundles, Donald Armstrong
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Four homosexual men presented with gradually enlarging perianal ulcers, from which herpes simplex virus was cultured. Each patient had a prolonged course characterized by eight loss, fever, and evidence of infection by other opportunistic microorganisms including cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis carinii, and Candida albicans. Three patients died; Kaposi's sarcoma developed in the fourth. All were found to have depressed cell-mediated immunity, as evidenced by skin anergy, lymphopenia, and poor or absent responses to plant lectins and antigens in vitro. Natural-killer-cell activity directed against target cells infected with herpes simplex virus was depressed in all patients. The absence of a history of recurrent infections or of histologic evidence of lymphoproliferative or other neoplastic diseases suggests that the immune defects were acquired.
Abstract P4-09-11: Fatty Acid Synthase (FASN) expression in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: G Viñas, G Oliveras, F Perez-Bueno, A Giro, A Blancafort, M Puig-Vives, R Marcos-Gragera, J Dorca, J Brunet, T Puig
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: In approximately 15–20% of patients with breast cancer, the tumors do not express estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and do not have amplification of HER2. These tumors are called triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and patients with these tumors have a poor prognosis. There is no clinically validated, molecularly targeted therapy for TNBC patients and they can be treated only with chemotherapy. Thus, the identification of a novel targeted therapies for TNBC patients would be of great benefit. Fatty acid synthase (FASN) is a multi-enzyme protein that catalyzes fatty acid synthesis. Its main reaction is to synthesize palmitate from acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, in the presence of NADPH, into long-chain saturated fatty acids. Expression levels of FASN are low or undetectable in normal human tissues except for the liver and the adipose tissue. In contrast, high levels of FASN expression have been detected in several human carcinomas. Several reports highlight that FASN overexpression in tumor samples correlates with progression, aggressiveness and metastatic potential of the disease. Previously, our group has shown that FASN activity inhibition induces apoptosis in several human cancer cells. The aim of our study was to evaluate the expression of tumor levels of FASN in triple-negative breast cancer patients. Methods: FASN tumor expression was retrospectively evaluated in 30 paraffin-embedded core-biopsies of 30 patients with TNBC using the Fatty Acid Synthase polyclonal antibody (Assay design, Enzo Life Sciences, Exeter United Kingdom) and the detection kit EnVision™ (DAKO, Glostrup, Denmark). FASN expression levels were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the AutostainerPlus Link (DAKO). FASN expression was graded from 0 to 3+, meaning 0–1+ normal amounts of FASN protein compared to non-tumor breast tissue, 2+ moderate amounts and 3+ highest levels of FASN expression. In vitro, we have determined the effect of the FASN-inhibitors, EGCG and G28UCM, on cell viability (measured by the MTT assay) and apoptosis [as assessed by cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)] of two TNBC cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468. Results: From 30 patients with TNBC, 66.6% (20/30) of the patients had a high expression of FASN (FASN 3+) and 33.3% (10/30) had a moderate expression of FASN (FAS 2+). None of the tumors had lack of FASN expression analysed by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the FASN-inhibitor G28UCM induced apoptosis and showed low IC50 values of citotoxicity in both, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cell lines. Conclusions: FASN is overexpressed in triple-negative breast cancer tumors. The absence of target therapies for this breast cancer subtype and its poor prognosis lead to the exploration of FASN as therapeutic target for TNBC patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-11.
THE IMPACT OF FLAVONOID SUPPLEMENTATION ON ACUTE SMOKING-INDUCED VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION AND INFLAMMATION IN HEALTHY SMOKERS
Authors: Gerasimos Siasos, Eleni Kokkou, Evangelos Oikonomou, Maria Eleni Kollia, Alexios Verveniotis, Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Konstantinos Zisimos, Marina Zaromitidou, Antigoni Miliou, Konstantinos Mourouzis, Aris Plastiras, Konstantinos Maniatis, Christodoulos I Stefanadis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
SerpinB2 mediated regulation of macrophage function during enteric infection
Authors: Terez Shea-Donohue, Aiping Zhao, Toni M Antalis
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

Host defense is an orchestrated response involving changes in the expression of receptors and release of mediators from both immune and structural cells. There is a growing recognition of the important role of proteolytic pathways for the protective immune response to enteric pathogens. Enteric nematode infection induces a type 2 immune response with polarization of macrophages toward the alternatively activated phenotype (M2). The Th2 cytokines, IL-4, and IL-13, induce a STAT6-dependent upregulation of the expression of the protease inhibitor, serpinB2, which protects macrophages from apoptosis. M2 are critical to worm clearance and a novel role for serpinB2 is its regulation of the chemokine, CCL2, which is necessary for monocyte and/or macrophage influx into small intestine during infection. There is a growing list of factors including immune (LPS, Th2 cytokines) as well as hormonal (gastrin, 5-HT) that are linked to increased expression of serpinB2. Thus, serpinB2 represents an immune regulated factor that has multiple roles in the intestinal mucosa.
Cognitive Decline in Preclinical Stage 2 Alzheimer Disease and Implications for Prevention Trials
Authors: Elizabeth C. Mormino, Kathryn V. Papp
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Sialolith of the Submandibular Salivary Gland
Authors: Celso Augusto Lemos-Júnior, Alessandra Camargo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

An edentulous 63-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of discomfort in the right submental region. Her symptoms were exacerbated by the anticipation of eating, and she reported having a 2-year history of episodic swelling in the area. On external examination, the area was painful on palpation, but the overlying skin was normal and there was no lymphadenopathy. Intraoral examination revealed the presence of a hardened nodule, 1.5 cm in length, in the oral floor. The oral mucosa was normal in texture, with mild erythema (Panel A). Performance of a milking maneuver along the length of Wharton's duct resulted in . . .
SIMULTANEOUS CAROTID ULTRASONOGRAPHY PROVIDES INCREMENTAL PROGNOSTIC VALUE BEYOND CLINICAL AND STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY DATA IN PATIENTS WITH SUSPECTED ANGINA WITHOUT KNOWN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Roxy Senior, Benoy Shah, Kostas Zacharias, Christopher Kinsey, Grace Young, Shahram Ahmadvazir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 543: Stromal impact on tumor invasiveness and gelatinolytic activity at the invasive front
Authors: Elin Hadler-Olsen, Chandra Ravuri, Hilde Ljones, Oddveig Rikardsen, Sonja Steigen, Gunbjørg Svineng, Jan-Olof Winberg, Lars Uhlin-Hansen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the impact of tumor stroma on invasiveness and expression of gelatinases in xenograft carcinomas. Xenograft tumors of various human carcinoma cells were established either in the tongue or the skin of BALB/c Nude mice. Cell lines originating from oral and skin SCCs were used, as well as a cell line foreign to both organs. Gelatinolytic activity in the tumors was investigated by a novel in situ zymography technique which enables high image resolution. In vivo and in vitro expression of various proteolytic enzymes were analyzed at transcriptional and protein level using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and SDS-PAGE substrate zymography. Tongue tumors showed an invasive growth pattern, whereas the skin tumors established from the same cell lines were non-invasive. Although the repertoire of proteolytic enzymes differed between the cell lines, the tongue tumors of all cell lines showed strong gelatinolytic activity, especially at the invasive front. In contrast, the skin tumors showed only weak gelatinolytic activity. Our results suggest that invasiveness as well as activity of proteolytic enzymes in the tumors is more dependent on the tumor microenvironment than on inherent properties of the cancer cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 543.
OC-068 The Impact Of Endoscopic Therapy On Patient-perceived Outcome And Quality Of Life In Sphincter Of Oddi Dysfunction: Abstract OC-068 Table 1
Authors: B Paranandi, VTF Cheung, D Joshi, GH El-Sayed, GJ Johnson, SP Pereira, GJ Webster, MH Chapman
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Biliary Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) is a benign but often debilitating condition. Significant improvement in pain following endoscopic sphincterotomy or sphincteroplasty (ES) in patients with Type 1 SOD, is excellent. Symptomatic improvement in patients with type 2 or 3 SOD is less favourable (reported 50–70% and 30–50% respectively). We aim to determine the impact of ES, on pain symptoms and global quality of life (QOL) in these groups, which has not previously been well defined. <h3>Methods</h3> An ERCP database and electronic clinic lists (from September 2011 to 2013) were analysed to identify all cases of suspected SOD. Patients underwent a telephone questionnaire. The Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI), which assesses multiple physical, emotional and social parameters, was used to quantify global post-interventional QOL benefit. Total GBI scores can range from -100 (maximal negative benefit) to +100 (maximal positive benefit). <h3>Results</h3> 163 new patients with suspected biliary SOD were identified of whom 89 underwent ERCP. 3 patients were excluded due to an alternative diagnosis at ERCP. The remaining cohort was predominantly Female (87%) and White British (86%) with median age 37 years (range 18–69). 88% had undergone prior cholecystectomy. Patients were attributed with the following pre-test diagnoses – 20/86 (23%) SOD1, 53/86 (62%) SOD2, 13/86 (15%) SOD3. Median post-ERCP follow up was 12 months (range 2–27). In patients who underwent endotherapy and completed questionnaires: 93% (14/15) SOD1, 76% (36/48) SOD2 and 83% (10/12) SOD3 subjectively reported pain improvement post-ERCP (within median 1 month). Sustained response (median 6 months) was noted in 60, 30 and 46% of SOD 1/2/3 respectively. Median total GBI scores in the patients who had sustained improvement were +44 (SOD1), +31 (SOD2) and +29 (SOD3). There was a clear correlation between subjective response to ES and GBI scores (see table). Negative total scores were recorded across all SOD subtypes in patients who had no symptom improvement whatsoever following ES. Total GBI scores in all categories were higher in SOD1 than SOD2 than SOD3. <h3>Conclusion</h3> ES for SOD1 appears to provide sustained benefit in symptoms and QOL above that achieved in SOD2/3. QOL measured by GBI is strongly correlated to symptomatic response to ES despite pain response being only a minor contributor to the GBI rating. Therefore, GBI may be helpful to determine clinical, emotional and social factors that could help to predict those patients who will respond to ES. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.