tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased Prostacyclin Biosynthesis in Patients with Severe Atherosclerosis and Platelet Activation
Authors: Garret A. FitzGerald, Bruce Smith, Anders K. Pedersen, Alan R. Brash
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Prostacyclin is a potent vasodilator and platelet inhibitor produced by vascular endothelium. Endogenous production of prostacyclin under physiologic conditions is extremely low, far below the capacity of vascular tissue to generate this substance in response to stimulation in vitro. This may reflect a low frequency or intensity of stimulation of prostacyclin production. We postulated that if prostacyclin does act as an endogenous platelet-inhibitory agent, it should be produced in greater amounts in a clinical setting in which platelet-vascular interactions are likely to be increased. To test this hypothesis, we examined prostacyclin biosynthesis in patients with severe atherosclerosis and evidence of platelet activation in vivo. Excretion of 2,3-dinor-6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha, a major urinary prostacyclin metabolite, was significantly higher in 9 patients with severe atherosclerosis and evidence of platelet activation (251 to 1859 pg per milligram of creatinine) than in 54 healthy volunteers (45 to 219 pg per milligram of creatinine; P less than 0.001). This difference represented an alteration in biosynthesis rather than in metabolism, since the fractional conversion of infused prostacyclin to the dinor metabolite was identical in both groups. Prostacyclin production may be low in healthy persons because there is almost no stimulus for its production but enhanced in patients with severe atherosclerosis as a consequence of platelet interactions with endothelium or other vascular insults. These observations are compatible with a role for prostacyclin as a local regulator of platelet-vascular interactions.
Technics of Human-Bone-Marrow Procurement by Aspiration from Living Donors
Authors: Richard E. Wilson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

DURING the past three years, reports describing human-bone-marrow infusions have been steadily increasing in number. These include the use of autologous1 2 3 (from the same patient), isologous4 (from an identical twin) and homologous5 6 7 (from another person, not genetically identical) marrow for a great variety of therapeutic regimens. The source of the marrow or other hematopoietic tissue has often been subject to practical as well as scientific choice. Fetal liver and spleen, fresh cadavers, operative specimens of rib or ilium and healthy volunteers have all been used as donors. Methods of obtaining marrow from each of these sources and technics for processing . . .
Improving Outcomes by the Addition of Sequential Paclitaxel to Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide in an Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimen for Patients with Node-Positive Primary Breast Cancer
Authors: I. Merad-Lahfa, H. Aris, N. Hammou Tani, N. Ould Kaddour, L. Belbachir, D. Miraoui, S. Saidi, D. Regagba, K. Meguenni, S. Ghomari
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
PERICARDIAL FAT VOLUME IS RELATED TO ENODTHELIAL-MEDIATED CORONARY BLOOD FLOW IN WOMEN WITH SUSPECTED CORONARY MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION: A REPORT FROM THE WOMEN’S ISCHEMIA SYNDROME EVALUATION - CORONARY VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION (WISE-CVD) STUDY
Authors: Sofy Landes, Louise Thomson, Janet Wei, Ahmed AlBadri, Puja Mehta, Michael Pedram, Manish Motwani, Damini Dey, Galen Cook-Wiens, Eileen Handberg, George Sopko, Carl Pepine, C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
I-131 Localization in Acute Megakaryocytic Leukemia
Authors: ANN LEUNG, BRAHM SHAPIRO, MANUEL BROWN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A case of acute megakaryocytic leukemia in a 13-month-old infant was encountered in whom an abnormal bone scan was associated with abnormal I-131 MIBG uptake in the femoral bone marrow. The normal platelet will take up MIBG and thus, uptake of this radiopharmeceutical by the malignant megakaryocyte, a platelet precursor, may be caused by the same mechanism.
FRI0424 Pain scores are the primary explanatory variable for higher global estimates by patients compared to doctors in patients with all rheumatic diseases:
Authors: I. Castrejon, Y. Yazici, J. Samuels, T. Pincus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Estimates of global status by doctors (DOCGL) and patients (PATGL) are discordant in about 30-40% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<sup>1,2</sup> This discordance has been analyzed to date only in RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze levels of discordance between DOCGL and PATGL in all patients with any diagnosis seen in usual clinical care at a rheumatology setting. <h3>Methods</h3> Each patient seen at an academic rheumatology clinical setting since 2005 completes a self-report MDHAQ (multidimensional health assessment questionnaire) at each visit, with scales for physical function, pain, PATGL, fatigue, anxiety, depression and quality of sleep, and demographic data. DOCGL was completed by 2 rheumatologists. One random visit of patients seen between 2005 and 2011 was analyzed, patients were classified as PATGL=DOCGL (PATGL and DOCGL within 2 of 10 units), PATGL&gt;DOCGL (PATGL ≥2 units than DOCGL), and DOCGL≥PATGL (DOCGL ≥2 units than PATGL). Univariate odds ratios were computed to identify variables associated with discordance. Significant variables (p&lt;0.05) were included in multivariate models, with selected variables when indicated. <h3>Results</h3> In a total of 980 patients studied, 509 (52%) had PATGL=DOCGL, 371 (38%) PATGL&gt;DOCGL, and 100 (10%) DOCGL&gt;PATGL. Patients with PATGL&gt;DOCGL were more likely to be female, have less formal education and have higher MDHAQ scores (Table). In multivariate analysis, higher pain and fatigue scores were independent predictors of PATGL&gt;DOCGL. If MDHAQ scores for pain and fatigue were not included in a second model, female gender, lower education and higher scores for depression and sleep problems were independent predictors of PATGL&gt;DOCGL. In patients with DOCGL&gt;PATGL, only lower fatigue was associated in multivariate analysis with lower odds of discordance (OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.98). <h3>Conclusions</h3> 38% of patients estimated their statusas worse than their physicians. These patients were more likely to score higher for pain and fatigue, be female and less educated than patients whose physicians estimated clinical status as similar or worse than patients. <h3>References</h3> Barton JL, Imboden J, et al. Arthritis Care Res. 2010;62:857-64. Khan NA, Spencer HJ, et al. Arthritis Care Res. 2011. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SAT0445 Survival of Tocilizumab Therapy in Children with Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. Russian Experience
Authors: R. Denisova, E. Alekseeva, S. Valieva, T. Bzarova, K. Isayeva, T. Sleptsova, E. Mitenko, E. Chistyakova, A. Fetisova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) is the most severe subtype of JIA; treatment options are limited. Interleukin-6 plays a pathogenic role in systemic JIA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate survival of tocilizumab treatment in sJIA. <h3>Methods</h3> An open observational study in patients with sJIA taking tocilizumab. A total of 109 patients (51 boys and 57 girls) were included in this study. Analysis of survival tocilizumab treatment was performed in all patients by Kaplan–Meier curve. <h3>Results</h3> Tocilizumab treatment survival at 6 months was 92% (n=86), at 12 months was 85% (n=66), at 18 months was 79% (n=33), at 24 months was 79% (n=18), at 36 months was 71% (n=5). Tocilizumab treatment was discontinued in 19 patients during the follow-up 36 months period. The causes for cancellation were relapse of disease (n=9), lack of efficacy (n=5), remission (n=1), parent’s refusal (n=1), infusion reaction (n=2) and Crohn’s disease (n=1). Patients with systemic features of flare were switched to canakinumab and rituximab (7 and 3, consequently), patients without systemic features but with arthritis flare were switched to adalimumab (n=4). <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> The high percent of survival was registered after year of tocilizumab treatment in patients with sJIA. In addition there were no serious infection adverse events as the cause of discontinuation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P17.13 * ABSCESUALIZED GLIOMAS: PREDICTIVE VALUE OF 99MTC-LEUKOSCAN
Authors: M. Caffo, A. Campenni, G. Caruso, V. Barresi, M. Pino, S. Baldari, F. Tomasello
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Abscess formation within brain tumor is uncommon. Intrasellar or parasellar tumors are among the most common neoplasms that developed such complications as the results of direct extension of microbial flora from contiguous infected sinuses. Cerebral gliomas with abscess are extremely rare. The major challenge is detection of a correct diagnosis. The diagnosis of brain tumor associated with abscess is particularly difficult by conventional neuroradiological studies. Often, computed tomography (ct) and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) can reveal a sudden increase in size of the mass and significant perilesional edema. However, these studies did not consent a correct early diagnosis and only surgical treatment with histological examination allow the exact diagnosis. 99mtc-labeled sulesomab (leukoscan®) can be useful in the diagnosis of brain tumors with intratumoral abscess. 99mtc-labeled sulesomab (leukoscan®) consists of monoclonal murine igg antibody fab' fragment, bound with technetium-99m with affinity for a 42 kda glycoprotein present on the surface of activated granulocytes (nca-90 surface antigen). It is used in different clinical settings as a potential diagnostic tool for the infections of various tissues. We presented three rare cases of cerebral glioma showing intratumoral abscess formation. All patients had been submitted to 99mtc-leukoscan study. Labeled leukocytes scintigraphy seems to be able to differentiate infectious from non-infectious brain lesions. In our patients mri and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs) were unconvincing while the results of the leukocyte scintigraphy, were successively confirmed by histopathological examination, which also showed the presence of a brain abscess. Thus in our cases the sensitivity and the positive predictive value (ppv) of the granulocyte scintigraphy were both 100%. To the best of our knowledge no data have been reported in the literature on the role of nuclear medicine investigation for the recognition of brain abscesses so far. To date this represents the first description of the role of leukoscan in cerebral gliomas with abscess formation.
SP0112 Macrophages, Meta-Inflammation and Tissue Remodeling
Authors: A. Ariel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Macrophages are highly plastic leukocytes that adopt different molecular and functional phenotypes during the onset, progression, and termination of immune responses. Classic and alternative activation of macrophages were recently implied in metabolic disorders (meta-inflammation) and tissue remodeling. The engulfment of apoptotic leukocytes (efferocytosis) by macrophages during the resolution of inflammation is essential for homeostasis and results in macrophage reprogramming/immune-silencing and phenotype switching. We found that efferocytosis is self-limiting. Hence, it results in efferocytic-satiation that is associated with the generation of pro-resolving CD11b<sup>low</sup> macrophages and regulated by pro-resolving mediators. Thus, we suggest satiated-efferocytosis is an important decision-making event in macrophage function. Moreover, it is essential for the completion of timely- and spatially-coordinated resolution of acute inflammation with implications to meta-inflammation and tissue remodeling. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Creating Accountable Care Organizations
Authors: Thomas H. Lee, Lawrence P. Casalino, Elliott S. Fisher, Gail R. Wilensky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Under the Affordable Care Act, Medicare will launch a Shared Savings Program for groups of health care providers that join forces, with or without hospitals or health plans, to form legal entities that agree to take responsibility for the quality, cost, and overall care of a population of patients. What will these accountable care organizations (ACOs) look like? Who will step forward to form them? What are the best pathways and likely hurdles to achieving ACO status? What are the risks of entering the arena, and what are the expected benefits for clinicians and patients? In a roundtable discussion moderated by . . .
Abstract 1233: AP-1 transcription factor is involved in breast cancer cell proliferation mediated by progestins
Authors: María C. Díaz Flaqué, Wendy Beguelin, Cinthia Rosemblit, Cecilia Proietti, Martin A. Rivas, Mercedes Tkach, Eduardo H. Charreau, Roxana Schillaci, Patricia Elizalde
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Accumulating evidence has shown the involvement of the progesterone receptor (PR) in breast cancer development. We and others have also shown that progestin are able to induce cyclin D1 expression, a key regulatory molecule that does not contain a progesterone response element (PRE) in the promoter region. In the present study, we propose a novel mechanism in which progestin controls breast cancer growth through the integration of rapid PR signaling and a transcriptional mechanism (tethering), that involves progesterone-bound PR interaction with AP-1 transcription factor (composed of Jun and Fos family members), at specific AP-1 binding sites (TRE) in the cyclin D1 promoter. MPA treatment of breast cancer cells induced an increase in the levels of cyclin D1 protein. We have also shown that MPA treatment of breast cancer cells induced an increase in the levels of c-jun and c-fos phosphorylation. To study the effect of MPA on AP-1-mediated transcriptional activity, cells were transiently transfected with a luciferase reporter plasmid containing three copies of TRE. We found that MPA enhanced AP-1 transcriptional activity and this effect was abolished by the antiprogestin RU486. We assessed the specific association of AP-1 and PR to the TRE region of the cyclin D1 gene in the context of living cells, by performing Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Assays. We found that MPA treatment induced c-jun, c-fos and PR recruitment to the cyclin D1 promoter. These data identify, for the first time, the interaction between AP-1 and PR regulating cyclin D1 transcription by tethering to DNA-bound at TRE site. Furthermore, we found that the inhibition of c-fos and c-jun activation by the use of dominant negative forms of these proteins (A-Fos and TAM-67 respectively) completely blocked progestin-induced cyclin D1 expression and in vitro breast cancer cell growth. Finally, we addressed the effect of targeting AP-1 in in vivo MPA-dependent growth of C4HD progestin-dependent murine mammary tumor. Transfection of C4HD cells with TAM-67 or A-Fos DN expression vectors significantly inhibited these cells’ ability to form tumors in syngeneic mice. Histological examination determined a striking decrease in histological grade in both groups in comparison to control group. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1233.
PTH-081 Enhanced Liver Fibrosis (elf) Test Performs Better Than Histological Parameters In Predicting Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Advanced Fibrosis Due To Chronic Hepatitis C Infection
Authors: GE Dolman, A Zaitoun, WL Irving, NI Guha
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C infection is variable. We need tools to identify those patients who will progress rapidly to offer individualised patient management. We aimed to determine the predictors of progression in an unselected cohort of patients with advanced fibrosis. <h3>Methods</h3> The study cohort was derived from one centre of the Trent Study of Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection, a prospective natural history study commenced in 1991. Inclusion criteria were: a) liver biopsy before 2011 demonstrating advanced fibrosis (Ishak stage ≥3); b) no clinical outcome prior to biopsy; and c) patient did not achieve sustained viral response during follow-up. Sera collected within 6 months of the index biopsy were analysed for ELF. Biopsies were restaged using the Ishak system by one pathologist. Collagen quantification with image analysis was performed on biopsies stained with picrosirius red. A clinical outcome was defined as the first event of: ascites, encephalopathy, variceal haemorrhage, hepatocellular carcinoma, transplant or liver-related death. <h3>Results</h3> 136 patients were identified and 87 had sera available for ELF. 29 (33.3%) patients progressed to a clinical outcome (median follow-up 7.2 years). ELF was significantly associated with progression to clinical outcomes in univariate analysis (HR 2.07 [95% CI: 1.54–2.76]; p &lt; 0.001). In a multivariate model including liver function tests, Ishak stage and collagen quantification, only ALP and ELF remained statistically significant (ALP: HR 1.004 [95% CI: 1.001–1.007; p = 0.016], ELF: HR 1.968 [95% CI: 1.454–2.663; p &lt; 0.001]. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our data suggest that ELF could be used to stratify risk of subsequent progression to clinical outcomes in advanced fibrosis secondary to hepatitis C infection. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Commentary: Substandard medicines are the priority for neglected tropical diseases
Authors: T. P. C. Dorlo, R. M. Ravinetto, J. H. Beijnen, M. Boelaert
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Attaran and colleagues propose new definitions for the quality of medicines and plead for a global treaty tackling both substandard production and falsification. 1 We support this, as the international community tends to concentrate its efforts on falsified medicines, whereas substandard drugs are just as much a threat. 2Moreover, in practice the distinction can be difficult.We recently described the case of a poor quality medicine from Bangladesh that did not contain its active ingredient, miltefosine. 3 4The medicine, authorised by the national regulatory authorities, was manufactured locally for the Bangladeshi elimination programme for visceral leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease.The problem surfaced only after reports of abnormally high numbers of treatment failure.
MINNESOTA MULTIPHASIC PERSONALITY INVENTORY PATTERNS BEFORE AND AFTER INSULIN SHOCK THERAPY
Authors: WILLIAM M. HALES, WERNER SIMON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

1. Twenty patients diagnosed schizophrenia have been tested with the MMPI immediately before and after insulin shock therapy. 2. Clinical improvement is clearly reflected in the profiles of patients responding to treatment. 3. Group profiles of improved and unimproved patients have been compared and reveal significant differences in directional trends of the scores in the psychotic components of the test. 4. Individual components of the profiles are discussed.
Individuality in Solid Tumor Animal Models
Authors: R. DEMICHELI, G. PRATESI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Individuality in Solid Tumor Animal Models Get access R. DEMICHELI, R. DEMICHELI 1Division of Radiotherapy and OncologyULSS 28 37045 Legnago, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. PRATESI G. PRATESI 2Division of Experimental Oncology B, Istituto Nazionale Tumori20133 Milano, Italy. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 17, 2 November 1988, Pages 1423–1424, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.17.1423 Published: 02 November 1988
Many Factors Contribute to Racial Differences in Cancer Experience
Authors: P. Chemaly
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Many Factors Contribute to Racial Differences in Cancer Experience Get access Philippe Chemaly, Jr. Philippe Chemaly, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 9, 3 May 1989, Pages 660–662, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.9.660 Published: 03 May 1989
Scintigraphic Demonstration of a Right-To-Left Intracardiac Shunt in a Patient With Massive Pulmonary Emboli
Authors: MALAY K. MODY, KASTYTIS C. KARVELIS, MILAN V. PANTELIC
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A case of massive pulmonary embolism resulting in marked pulmonary to systemic shunting in a patient with a previously clinically inapparent ventricular or atrial septal defect is presented. The various types of unrecognized intracardiac shunts and their prevalence in the adult population are discussed.
Abstract 5119: Overexpression of EIF5A2 enhances cell motility and promotes HCC metastasis through Rho and Rac signaling pathways
Authors: Sui-Sui Dong, Dong-Jiang Tang, Ning-Fang Ma, Li Fu, Leilei Chen, Xin-Yuan Guan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma is characterized by its high incidence of tumor recurrence and metastasis; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. In the present study, a novel metastasis-related gene, EIF5A2, was characterized for its role in HCC metastasis and underlying molecular mechanism. Overexpression of EIF5A2 mRNA was detected in 50/81(61.7%) of HCCs, which was significantly higher than those in nontumorous liver tissues. Compared with matched primary HCC, higher expression of EIF5A2 protein was observed in 25/47 (53.2%) metastatic tumors. In vitro assays showed that ectopic expression of EIF5A2 could enhance cancer cell migration and invasion, and experimental mouse model demonstrated that over expression of EIF5A2 promoted tumor metastasis in vivo. Moreover, inhibition of EIF5A2 by siRNA or deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) inhibitor GC7, which inhibits EIF5A2 maturation, could effectively decrease cell motility. Further study found that EIF5A2 could activate RhoA/Rac1 to stimulate the formation of stress fiber and lamellipodia. The rearrangement of cytoskeleton further induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key event in tumor invasion and metastasis, characterized by downregulation of epithelial markers (E-cadherin and β-catenin) and upregulation of mesenchymal markers (fibronectin, N-cadherin, α-SMA and vimentin). Moreover, the activation of Rho GPases by overexpression of EIF5A2 also influenced cell cycle progression. Conclusions: EIF5A2 promotes HCC invasion and metastasis by stimulating cytoskeleton rearrangement through activation of RhoA and Rac1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5119.
GPs refer men with urological cancers more promptly than women
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

GPs in England refer men presenting with symptoms that later lead to a diagnosis of bladder or renal cancer more promptly than they do women with the same symptoms, shows a study that looked at national data.1

Researchers looked at data from the English National Audit of Cancer Diagnosis in Primary Care to find the proportion of men and of women diagnosed with bladder or renal cancer between 2009 and 2010 who had three or more consultations with their GP before being referred to a specialist. Previously the National Cancer Patient Experience Survey had found differences between men and women in promptness of …
FEASIBILITY AND ACCURACY OF THE NOVEL THREE-DIMENSIONAL CAROTID ULTRASOUND TECHNIQUE: COMPARISON WITH TWO-DIMENSIONAL ULTRASOUND AND CAROTID CT ANGIOGRAPHY
Authors: Ran Heo, Hyuk-Jae Chang, In-Jeong Cho, Jinki Park, Jinyong Lee, Chi Young Shim, Geu-Ru Hong, Namsik Chung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)