tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Radionuclide Cineangiography in the Noninvasive Evaluation of Global and Regional Left Ventricular Function at Rest and during Exercise in Patients with Coronary-Artery Disease
Authors: Jeffrey S. Borer, Stephen L. Bacharach, Michael V. Green, Kenneth M. Kent, Stephen E. Epstein, Gerald S. Johnston, Bonnie Mack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Real-Time Radionuclide Cineangiography in the Noninvasive Evaluation of Global and Regional Left Ventricular Function at Rest and during Exercise in Patients with Coronary-Artery Disease
Abstract 5074: Evaluation of PTEN and TMPRSS2-ERG abnormalities in prostate cancer by FISH and immunohistochemistry to address intra- and inter- tissue heterogeneity and disease progression
Authors: Anthony M. Joshua, Norah Cockburn, Andrew Evans, Jeremy Squire, Maisa Yoshimoto, Olga Ludkovski, Shyh-Han Tan, Albert Dobi, Bungo Furusato, Gyory Petrovics, Shiv Srivastava, Isabell Sesterhenn
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Gene fusions involving the ERG oncogene and deletions of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene are frequent alterations in prostate cancer. Recent reports highlighted the cooperation of these two pathways in prostate cancer progression using mouse models and human tumors. We recently developed a monoclonal antibody (CPDR ERG-MAb) that specifically recognizes the ERG oncoprotein in human prostate tumors. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of ERG positive prostate cancer by immunohistochemistry (IHC) compared to ERG gene fusion frequency by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), their association with PTEN deletion, and correlation with clinico-pathological parameters of disease progression. Design: A tissue microarray (TMA) was constructed from 142 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens with usual acinar-type prostate carcinoma obtained at University Health Network (UHN) between 2001 and 2002 comprising 742 spots. The TMA was constructed using up to six 0.6 mm donor cores from each RP specimen. In cases of multi focal and bilateral carcinoma, 3 donor cores were obtained from the largest foci in each lobe. Different Gleason patterns were also sampled within each focus. Standard clinical follow-up data, representing 7-9 years of follow-up, were compiled for each case using a UHN RP clinical database. Results: Of the 742 cores, analysis was performed in 536 evaluable cores. Concordance between the ERG IHC and TMPRSS2 FISH in this multi-sampled TMA was 71%. Heterogeneity of the PTEN locus was widespread both within tumor foci and between foci. The assay methodology influenced overall results. For example, FISH analysis showed wild type (wt) PTEN and wt ERG in 48% of tumor specimens in comparison to 31% by PTEN FISH and ERG IHC. Higher association of PTEN deletion rate was noted in ERG IHC positive tumors. Of note, higher frequency of homozygous PTEN deletions associated with the ERG IHC positive (5%) tumors in comparison to ERG negative (1.5%) tumors. Conclusions: Comparison of FISH and IHC based assays to analyze ERG alterations in the prostate tumors need continued evaluations in independent studies. PTEN interaction with ERG status may reveal mechanistic insights in disease progression. Further validation studies are needed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5074. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5074
Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound for the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis
Authors: M. Hocke, A. Ignee, C. Dietrich
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

In a recent case series we discovered that patients with autoimmune pancreatitis show typical signs of hypervascularization in contrast-enhanced high mechanical index endoscopic ultrasound (CEHMI EUS) [1]. Contrast-enhanced low mechanical index endoscopic ultrasound (CELMI EUS) is a newly developed technique that should show a different contrast-enhancing effect.
Obscure bleeding from gastrointestinal metastases of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jérémie Jacques, Sophie Geyl, Fabrice Projetti, Paul Carrier, Anne Le-Sidaner, Denis Sautereau, Romain Legros
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 75-year-old man was referred to our unit for investigation of an iron deficiency anemia. He had been treated with surgery and radiotherapy for a squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx 2 years previously. He was receiving ongoing treatment with palliative chemotherapy only for metachronous lung metastases. He had received multiple transfusions because of iron deficiency anemia during the previous 3 months, but upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopies performed in a private practice unit had been normal. The patient was transferred to our academic hospital so that he could undergo small-bowel capsule endoscopy.
PTH-192 Once Negative always Negative? – the Clinical Utility of Repeating TTG
Authors: S Merson, K So, R Brown, T Ahmad
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with chronic or recurrent abdominal symptoms, or anaemia, often undergo repeated rounds of investigations including tissue transglutaminase (TTG) antibody testing. The aim of this study was to investigate a) the number of patients having multiple TTG tests b) the risk of having a positive TTG after a past negative test. <h3>Methods</h3> A list of all TTG requests between 01/01/02–15/07/12 at our laboratory was created. Patients with an initial negative result, but subsequent positive result, were identified, and their hospital and GP records reviewed. Our institution employed the Aesku (Grifols) test prior to 2007 and then the Orgentec test (Launch Diagnostics) and has not used these tests to monitor patients with known Coeliac disease. <h3>Results</h3> 44,985 unique patients (65.8%female, 13.5% under 18 years old) had at least one TTG test carried out over the 10.5-year study period. Use of the TTG test has increased (4 new patient tests in 2002 vs. 11,466 in 2011). 2.0% of first TTG tests were positive (2.2% of the total children and 2.0% of the total adults).5,872 patients (69.6% female, 16.6% of the total children and 12.5% of the total adults) had more than 1 test, of which 4,813patients (10.7%) had 2 tests and 1059(2.3%) had 3–10 tests. The median interval between the first and the last test was 21 months (range 1 day - 12.6 yrs). Of the patients with more than one test 17 (7 children), without a prior diagnosis of coeliac disease (CD), had a negative TTG test (whilst taking a normal diet) followed by a positive test. These included 0.7% of the multiply tested children and 0.2% of the multiply tested adults. Reasons for re-testing included persistence or worsening of initial symptoms (53%) or development of new symptoms (76%). There were more women (ratio 3:1). 14/17 (82%) patients had 1 initial negative then a subsequent positive test, with a median time between the tests of 20 months (range 3 – 71 months). 3 (18%) had 2 negative tests then a subsequent positive test with a median time between the first negative test and the positive test of 36 months (range 30 – 41 months). No patients had a positive test after 3 or more negative tests. Of the 17 patients with a negative followed by positive test, 3 had a family history of CD and 2 children had Down’s Syndrome. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Clinicians often repeat TTG tests in adults and children when the initial test is negative. The chances of having a positive TTG test after a negative test, even if symptomatic, is low after a median interval of 21 months - in adults this risk is 0.2% and in children 0.7%. In patients with a low pre-test probability of coeliac disease repeat TTG testing following a negative test is not necessary. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Disparate racial benefits of chemotherapy in breast cancer.
Authors: KA May, BY Hair, SS Zaky, SG Gabram-Mendola, M Rizzo, HL Bumpers, G Oprea, RM O'Regan, M Lund
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2091 Purpose: Patients with triple negative breast tumors (TNTs) have high recurrence and poor survival rates. African-American (AA) women have a higher prevalence of TNTs and worse outcomes than Caucasian (CA) women. The addition of a taxane to anthracycline-based chemotherapy in the adjuvant setting appears to improve outcome to a greater extent in estrogen receptor (ER)- compared to ER+ cancers. There is insufficient data examining currently approved adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in AA. We evaluated the outcomes associated with different chemotherapy regimens in a largely AA group with early stage breast cancer. Methods: The Surveillance Epidemiology End Results (SEER) registry identified 509 AA or CA female breast cancer patients (Stages I-III) diagnosed during 2003-2004 at 3 Atlanta-based hospitals who were residents of Fulton/DeKalb counties. SEER data was augmented by medical record abstraction. Frequency distributions, chi-square tests of independence, logistic regression, and Cox models were used to assess recurrence and mortality by tumor subtype and chemotherapy regimen. Results: The mean follow-up was 3.2 years. Of 509 patients, 66.2% were AA. TNTs represented 17.1% (N=87), with a higher proportion in AA (20.2%) than CA (11.0%) women. Compared to ER+PR+HER2- tumors, patients with TNTs were more likely to experience a recurrence (HR=3.1, 95% CI 1.3, 7.0) and to die (HR=2.9, 95% CI 1.3, 6.3) after adjusting for receipt of chemotherapy, age, race, socioeconomic status, stage, and grade. Among chemotherapy-treated women with ER+PR+HER2- cancers, AA had higher recurrence (27.1% v. 8.3%) and death (21.3% v. 3.7%) rates than CA women; however, similar recurrence (42.2% v. 33.3%) and death (28.0% v. 35.7%) rates were found in the chemotherapy-treated AA and CA patients with TNTs. Among women treated with adriamycin-based regimens, the addition of a taxane did not appear to impact recurrence or survival in the ER+PR+HER2- or TNT subgroups. Conclusions: This data supports prior data demonstrating a two-fold increase in TNTs in AA compared to CA women. TNTs in this majority AA population were associated with a higher likelihood of short-term recurrence and mortality than other subtypes. Chemotherapy was not as beneficial for AA women with ER+PR+HER2- tumors compared to CA women. No statistically significant differences in outcome were noted for AA or CA women with TNT treated with chemotherapy. The addition of a taxane to adriamycin-based chemotherapy did not improve recurrence or survival rates for women with ER+PR+HER2- or TNTs. Clinical trials with consideration of racial diversity are needed to further assess the effectiveness of chemotherapy regimens on reducing recurrence and mortality in breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2091.
Abstract 2612: Effective targeting triple negative breast cancer cells by a novel oral heat shock protein 90 inhibitor PF-4942847
Authors: Pramod P. Mehta, Pamela Whalen, Pei-Pei Kung, Shinji Yamazaki, Michael R. Gehring, Min-Jean Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients have poor prognosis and survival that the development of new targeted therapies for TNBC is strongly demanded. Genes associated with high proliferation and aggressive tumor progression, such as PI3K/PTEN aberration, EGFR overexpression, and cell cycle upregulation, play important roles in triple negative breast cancer. The molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is required for the conformational maturation and stability of a variety of key signaling proteins, such as EGFR, AKT, Raf, p53, and cdk4, in addition to many others. Therefore, an Hsp90 inhibitor may present therapeutic benefits on TNBC via the inhibition of EGFR, AKT/PI3K pathway, and cell cycle progression. In this study, we describe a novel oral Hsp90 inhibitor, PF-4942847, which induces apoptosis and cell cycle block, as well as inhibits cell proliferation in TNBC cells through protein degradation in EGFR, cMet, AKT, and pERK. PF-4942847 exhibits excellent oral bioavailability in mice and effectively induces Hsp90 client protein degradation in MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors, and subsequently abolishes the in vivo tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 in the xenograft model. Moreover, correlation of AKT degradation and Hsp70 induction in host peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and xenograft tumors was determined and reveals a differential target modulation dynamic between Hsp90 client proteins in different tissue compartments. These data implicate AKT degradation in PBLs as a possible biomarker of tumor progression for future clinical development. In summary, our results demonstrate PF-4942847 is a potent oral Hsp90 inhibitor and is a candidate for clinical development in triple negative breast cancer by collaboratively targeting multiple signaling pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2612. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2612
FRI0561-HPR Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Exercise versus Supervised Exercise Program in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled: Table 1.
Authors: A.P. Marques, M.O. Magalhães, J. Comachio, L.H.A. Muto, A.P.M.C. Carvalho e Silva, G.P.L. Almeida, F.J.R. França, L.A.V. Ramos, T.N. Burke
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Low back pain (LBP) is a major health problem that is associated with reduced functional performance and biopsychosocial factors. The practice of supervised exercise has shown positive results in reducing pain and disability, but we still have inconclusive results regarding the graded activity in patients with LBP. <h3>Objectives</h3> Evaluate the effect of gradual activity and exercise versus supervised exercises in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain in the outcomes pain, functional disability, Global Perceived effect and kinesiophobia. <h3>Methods</h3> This study examined 66 patients with low back pain: Graded Activity Group (GA) n=33 mean age 47 (10.7) BMI 28.4 (3.9) kg/m<sup>2</sup> and Supervised Exercise Group (SE) n=33 mean age 47 (8.6), BMI 26.7 (4.2) kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The interventions were individualized, one hour per session, for six weeks and often twice a week. Patients in the GA was based in the protocol described by Macedo (1), which are based on individualized, progressive and sub-maximal exercises aiming to improve physical fitness and stimulate changes in behavioral and attitudes due to pain. The Supervised Exercised group was based in the protocol described by França (3) using stretching, strengthening and motor control exercises. Intergroup statistical analysis was performed using the <i>t test</i> and <i>Mann- Whitney</i> for data with normal and without normal distribution respectively. α=0.05. <h3>Results</h3> Patients improved outcome for pain intensity (mean difference -0.3 points and 95% CI -1.62 to 1.02) and for functional disability (mean difference -1.5 and both IC 95% -4.32 to 1.32). No statistically significant difference for all outcome variables was observed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> No statistically significant difference between groups, so both treatments have benefits for patients with LBP. <h3>References</h3> Macedo LG, Latimer J, Maher CG, Hodges PW, Nicholas M, Tonkin L, et al. Motor control or graded activity exercises for chronic low back pain? A randomised controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2008;9:65. França FR, Burke TN, Caffaro RR, Ramos LA, Marques AP. Effects of muscular stretching and segmental stabilization on functional disability and pain in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized, controlled trial. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 2012 May;35(4):279-85. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> FAPESP – Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3670
Prominent Myocardial Uptake on Perfusion Lung Imaging
Authors: DIVYANG C. AYAR, MICHAEL S. ZINSMEISTER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 20-year-old man was undergoing heart transplant evaluation for severe end-stage heart failure caused by an intracardiac shunt consisting of a congenital atrioventricular canal defect. Previously, the patient had palliative pulmonary artery banding and bilateral, bidirectional Glenn operations, but his heart failure was worsening. In the evaluation process, ventilation and lung perfusion scanning were performed. The perfusion study revealed right-to-left shunting and marked tracer uptake in the markedly dilated myocardium.
Pathogenesis of<i>Escherichia coli</i>Diarrhea
Authors: Herbert L. DuPont, Samuel B. Formal, Richard B. Hornick, Merrill J. Snyder, Joseph P. Libonati, Daniel G. Sheahan, Eugene H. LaBrec, John P. Kalas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Two Escherichia coli strains isolated in Vietnam from American soldiers with diarrhea and acute "colitis" were examined for virulence in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Their biologic properties were compared with those of an enterotoxin-producing Esch. coli strain implicated in disease of swine as well as with those of four other Esch. coli and a virulent shigella strain. The two Vietnam strains produced an enterotoxin in a rabbit ileal-loop model and in volunteers caused a diarrheal syndrome resembling that of cholera. Two nontoxigenic Esch. coli strains gave evidence of penetrating epithelial cells in laboratory models and caused a shigella-like illness in man characterized by dysentery, tenesmus, urgency, hyperpyrexia and hypotension with systemic toxemia. Thus, strains of Esch. coli can cause disease in man by at least two mechanisms: elaboration of a cholera-like enterotoxin; and shigella-like intestinal epithelial penetration.
Abstract 3453: Phylogenetic fingerprinting of the fecal microbiota in colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Hassan Brim, Erwin Zoetendal, Edward Lee, Karen Nelson, Manolito Torralba, Duane Smoot, cynthia Sears, Hassan Ashktorab
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Colonic adenomatous polyps are common tumors occurring in ∼50% of Western populations with ∼10% risk of malignant progression. To date, the environmental exposures proposed to promote the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been primarily dietary agents. However, the local environment to which the colonic mucosa is exposed is created by the bacterial microbiota of the colon and their metabolic products that include toxins. A member of the Bacteroidetes division, Bacteroides fragilis is a common human commensal, occupying a mucosal niche in the colon. One molecular class of B. fragilis, enterotoxigenic B. fragilis (ETBF) induces polyp formation in Min (multiple intestinal neopplasia) mice through a STAT3 pathway. Here we analyzed fecal DNA for gut flora composition in African Americans (n=12) with colon adenoma. A 16S rDNA cloning/sequencing experiment revealed that patients with colon adenomas have a higher rate of Bacteroides bacteria than healthy ones. These data was further confirmed using a HITChip (Human Intestinal Tract Chip) where samples from adenoma patients tended to cluster together pointing to common bacterial profiles. STAT3 induced in adenoma and tumor by IHC, indicating, signal activation perhaps through ETBF like bacteria. In conclusion, High throughput and sequencing approaches may help to better detect gut flora components including Bacteroides fragilis that induces colorectal carcinogenesis. In addition, the STAT3 expression results would confirm possible ETBF involvement on colon cancer risk via activating STAT3 downstream factor and molecules that are known to play a key role in the regulation of epithelial proliferation Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3453.
Lymph node characterization in vivo using endoscopic ultrasound spectrum analysis with electronic array echo endoscopes
Authors: R. Kumon, A. Repaka, M. Atkinson, A. Faulx, R. Wong, G. Isenberg, Y.-S. Hsiao, M. Gudur, C. Deng, A. Chak
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Our purpose was to demonstrate the use of radiofrequency spectral analysis to distinguish between benign and malignant lymph nodes with data obtained using electronic array echo endoscopes, as we have done previously using mechanical echo endoscopes. In a prospective study, images were obtained from eight patients with benign-appearing lymph nodes and 11 with malignant lymph nodes, as verified by fine-needle aspiration. Midband fit, slope, intercept, correlation coefficient, and root-mean-square (RMS) deviation from a linear regression of the calibrated power spectra were determined and compared between the groups. Significant differences were observable for mean midband fit, intercept, and RMS deviation (<i>t</i> test <i>P</i> < 0.05). For benign (n = 16) vs. malignant (n = 12) lymph nodes, midband fit and RMS deviation provided classification with 89 % accuracy and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.95 based on linear discriminant analysis. We concluded that the mean spectral parameters of the backscattered signals from electronic array echo endoscopy can provide a noninvasive method to quantitatively discriminate between benign and malignant lymph nodes.