tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A phase II trial of oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent (S-1) with concurrent external-beam radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: H. Shinchi, K. Maemura, Y. Mataki, H. Kurahara, S. Natsugoe, S. Takao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15570 Background: S-1 is a new oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent and has shown a good efficacy for pancreatic cancer. In the phase I trial, we evaluated the safety of S-1 combined with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) in unresectable pancreatic cancer patients (H. Shinchi et al,, Br J Ca 2007;96:1353). The phase I trial determined the recommended of S-1 for the phase II chemoradiotherapy trial to be 80mg/m2/day given on days 1–21. This phase II trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of EBRT combined with S-1 for locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Methods: Eligible patients had locally advanced and unresectable pancreatic cancer without distant metastases, ECOG PS 0–1, adequate organ and marrow function, and no prior anticancer therapy. EBRT was delivered in fractions of 1.25Gy twice daily, totaling 50Gy per 40 fractions for 4 weeks. S-1 was given orally at a dose of 80mg/m2/day twice a day on days 1–21. The primary end-point of this trial was objective tumor response and secondary end-points included toxicity and overall survival. Results: Forty patients were enrolled in this phase II trial. Of the 40 patients, 39 (97%) completed the scheduled course of chemoradiotherapy. The objective tumor responses by RECIST criteria included 13 PR (33%), 20 SD (50%) and 7 PD (17%). The median survival time was 14 months and 1-year survival rate was 67%. Although grade 3 rash and anorexia occurred in one patient each, no grade 4 toxicities were observed. Conclusions: Combination therapy of S-1 and radiation shows favorable efficacy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer and was well tolerated with no severe toxicities. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Velcade, Intravenous Cyclophosphamide and Dexamethasone (VCD) Induction for Previously Untreated Multiple Myeloma (German DSMM XIa Trial).
Authors: Hermann Einsele, Peter Liebisch, Christian Langer, Martin Kropff, Hannes Wandt, Wolfram Jung, Nikolaus Kröger, Monika Engelhardt, Helmut Ostermann, Lars-Olof Mügge, Hans-Heinrich Wolf, Christina Hart, Bernd Metzner, Martin Kaufmann, Martin Gramatzki, Bernd Hertenstein, Thomas Fischer, Katja Weisel, Gottfried Dölken, Wolfram Brugger, Hella Gollasch, Georg Maschmeyer, Michael Pfreundschuh, Norbert Schmitz, Orhan Sezer, Else Heidemann, Elke Jäger, Christoph Kahl, Alexander Kiani, Tobias Dechow, Wolf Rösler, Jan Philipp Simon, Heinz Dürk, Karl Heinz Pflüger, Martin Bentz, Georg Hess, Hans-Guenther Mergenthaler, Christian Straka, Dirk Hempel, Hans-Jürgen Salwender, Günter Fingerle-Rowson, Stefan Knop
Journal: Blood (2009)
TCT-764 EFFECTS OF MULTIELECTRODE RENAL DENERVATION ON SYMPATHETIC NERVE ACTIVITY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN METABOLIC SYNDROME
Authors: Konstantinos Tsioufis, Kyriakos Dimitriadis, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Theodoros Kalos, Ioannis Liatakis, Evaggelia Koutra, Lefki Nikolopoulou, Rita Ella, Elizabeth Lau, Vasilios Papademetriou, Dimitrios Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
TCT-496 Differences in quantitative coronary angiographic (QCA) characteristics of coronary artery disease between Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
Authors: Kleanthis Theodoropoulos, Omar Meelu, Marco Mennuni, Samantha Sartori, Jennifer Yu, Usman Baber, Giulio Stefanini, Ioannis Mastoris, Pedro Moreno, George Dangas, Roxana Mehran, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Changes in human Golgi apparatus reflect new left ventricular dimensions and function in dilated cardiomyopathy patients
Authors: Estefanía Tarazón, Esther Roselló‐Lletí, Ana Ortega, Carolina Gil‐Cayuela, José Ramón González‐Juanatey, Francisca Lago, Luis Martínez‐Dolz, Manuel Portolés, Miguel Rivera
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)
ANGI-11VEGF-C CONTRIBUTES TO AUTOCRINE VEGFR2 SIGNALING AND AFFECTS CELL VIABILITY AND TUMOR GROWTH IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Signe Regner Michaelsen, Mette Kjølhede Nedergaard, Mette Villingshøj, Helle Broholm, Andreas Kjær, Lara Perryman, Janine Erler, Ulrik Lassen, Marie-Therésé Stockhausen, Petra Hamerlik, Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)
ASPECTOS TÉCNICOS Y RESULTADOS DEL TRASPLANTE DE MICROBIOTA FECAL POR COLONOSCOPIA PARA EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA INFECCIÓN RECIDIVANTE POR CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE
Authors: C Ferre Aracil, JR Foruny Olcina, A García García De Paredes, L Aguilera Castro, E Rodríguez De Santiago, B Peñas García, J Cobo Reinoso, R Del Campo Moreno, A Albillos Martínez, A López-Sanromán
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

El Trasplante de Microbiota Fecal (TMF) es una opción terapéutica efectiva en la colitis recidivante por Clostridium difficile (CD), primera causa de diarrea infecciosa nosocomial en nuestro medio.
TCT-271 Sex-related differences in outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with diabetes presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS): Results from the PROMETHEUS study
Authors: Birgit Vogel, Usman Baber, Samantha Sartori, Jaya Chandrasekhar, Melissa Aquino, Serdar Farhan, Annapoorna Kini, William Weintraub, Sunil Rao, Samir Kapadia, Sandra Weiss, Craig Strauss, Catalin Toma, J. Brent Muhlestein, Anthony DeFranco, Mark Effron, Stuart Keller, Brian Baker, Stuart Pocock, Timothy Henry, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
The Bruton Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor ACP-196 Demonstrates Clinical Activity in Two Mouse Models of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Sarah E. M. Herman, Arnau Montraveta, Carsten U Niemann, Helena Mora-Jensen, Michael Gulrajani, Fanny Krantz, Bonnie K. Harrington, Todd Covey, Brian J Lannutti, Raquel Izumi, Roger G Ulrich, John C. Byrd, Adrian Wiestner, Amy J. Johnson, Jennifer A. Woyach
Journal: Blood (2015)
TCT-623 Predictors of MACE with the WATCHMAN device: An Intention-to-Treat Analysis in a Real World Experience
Authors: Mohamad Lazkani, shishir murarka, Divya Ratan Verma, Timothy Byrne, Ashish Sadhu, Marwan Bahu, Akil Loli, Haidar Yassin, Yash Pershad, Ashish Pershad
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
It ain't necessarily so: a surprising lower airway infection
Authors: Rossa Brugha, Anne Hall, Andrew Bush
Journal: Thorax (2016)

Rossa Brugha (Junior Doctor): A 3-year-old boy with cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnosed on newborn screening (sweat chloride 90 mmol/L, F508del homozygous) attended routine follow-up in the CF clinic. He had had a wet cough for the previous 3 weeks. In addition to CF, he had previously been diagnosed with gastro-oesophageal reflux (oesophageal pH <4.0 for 13% of study at age 2 months) and an unsafe swallow with risk of aspiration on thin fluids (on videofluoroscopy at age 23 months). He had completed a 2-week course of co-amoxiclav 400/57 5 mL twice daily and then started a 2-week course of ciprofloxacin 250 mg twice daily in view of a previous growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 14 months of age. He was not wheezing but his mother said that she could feel crackling in his chest. He was otherwise well, with no fever or coryzal symptoms. A cough swab taken at this clinic showed no bacterial growth. Three months prior to this he had similar symptoms, during which an induced sputum grew Haemophilus influenzae , which was ampicillin resistant and treated with a course of cefixime.

Andrew Bush (Professor of Respiratory Paediatrics): In summary, this preschool child with CF has ongoing symptoms despite appropriate empiric courses of antibiotics. At this point, the differential includes CF-related issues and …
Myeloid‐Derived Suppressor Cells Induce the Expansion of Regulatory B Cells and Ameliorate Autoimmunity in the Sanroque Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Min‐Jung Park, Sung‐Hee Lee, Eun‐Kyung Kim, Eun‐Jung Lee, Sung‐Hwan Park, Seung‐Ki Kwok, Mi‐La Cho
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

This study was undertaken to assess the effect of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) on various B cell subsets, including regulatory B cells, as well as to assess the potential therapeutic effects of MDSC infusion in an animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Splenocytes were cultured with MDSCs, and the populations of various B cells and effector T cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Lupus mice (roquinsan/san mice) were treated intravenously with MDSCs obtained from C57BL/6 mice, and the levels of serum autoantibodies, degree of proteinuria, histologic changes in the kidney, and populations of various B cell and T cell subsets in the spleen were analyzed.Coculture of MDSCs with splenocytes from C57BL/6 mice resulted in an expansion of the population of interleukin-10-producing B cells. The expansion of regulatory B cells was completely blocked by the addition of NG -monomethyl-l-arginine, an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Infusion of MDSCs resulted in a reduction of serum anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels and degree of proteinuria and an improvement in renal pathology in the roquinsan/san mice. MDSC coculture also resulted in a decrease in the population of effector B cells, such as germinal center B cells and plasma cells. Moreover, infusion of MDSCs resulted in an expansion of the regulatory B cell population as well as a decrease in follicular helper T cells, Th1 cells, and Th17 cells in the spleens of roquinsan/san mice.Our results indicate the MDSCs induce expansion of regulatory B cells via iNOS and ameliorate autoimmunity in a murine model of SLE. These findings indicate that MDSCs may be a promising therapeutic strategy for targeting B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.
Tuberculosis prevention must integrate technological and basic care innovation
Authors: Paul H. Mason, Tolu Oni, Maarten M.J.W. van Herpen, Anna K. Coussens
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Albert et al . [1] advocate for a multipronged approach in rolling out new diagnostic technology for tuberculosis (TB), stating "diagnostic tests alone, if not implemented with a comprehensive package of accompanying tools and within the context of a strengthened health system, may fail to demonstrate the expected benefit". This is a lesson learned from those who have walked this path before us; one should not be too complacent to ignore basic strategies in the face of escalating technological advances in our field. Without societal, lifestyle and dietary innovations, new technologies will be ineffectual in stopping tuberculosis <http://ow.ly/IgY3303bgdU>
Independent Validation of Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease (GVHD) Grading System Proposed by the NIH Consensus Criteria in Terms of Prognostic Stratification of the Patients Developed Chronic Gvhd
Authors: Joon Ho Moon, Sang Kyun Sohn, Jieun Uhm, Vikas Gupta, Jeffrey H. Lipton, Hans A. Messner, John Kuruvilla, Dennis Dong Hwan Kim
Journal: Blood (2012)
Arterial and Cellular Inflammation in Patients with CKD
Authors: Sophie J. Bernelot Moens, Simone L. Verweij, Fleur M. van der Valk, Julian C. van Capelleveen, Jeffrey Kroon, Miranda Versloot, Hein J. Verberne, Henk A. Marquering, Raphaël Duivenvoorden, Liffert Vogt, Erik S.G. Stroes
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

CKD associates with a 1.5- to 3.5-fold increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Both diseases are characterized by increased inflammation, and in patients with CKD, elevated C-reactive protein level predicts cardiovascular risk. In addition to systemic inflammation, local arterial inflammation, driven by monocyte-derived macrophages, predicts future cardiovascular events in the general population. We hypothesized that subjects with CKD have increased arterial and cellular inflammation, reflected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET/CT) of the arterial wall and a migratory phenotype of monocytes. We assessed 18F-FDG uptake in the arterial wall in 14 patients with CKD (mean±SD age: 59±5 years, mean±SD eGFR: 37±12 ml/min per 1.73 m2) but without cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, or inflammatory conditions and in 14 control subjects (mean age: 60±11 years, mean eGFR: 86±16 ml/min per 1.73 m2). Compared with controls, patients with CKD showed increased arterial inflammation, quantified as target-to-background ratio (TBR) in the aorta (TBRmax: CKD, 3.14±0.70 versus control, 2.12±0.27; P=0.001) and the carotid arteries (TBRmax: CKD, 2.45±0.65 versus control, 1.66±0.27; P<0.001). Characterization of circulating monocytes using flow cytometry revealed increased chemokine receptor expression and enhanced transendothelial migration capacity in patients with CKD compared with controls. In conclusion, this increased arterial wall inflammation, observed in patients with CKD but without overt atherosclerotic disease and with few traditional risk factors, may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with CKD. The concomitant elevation of monocyte activity may provide novel therapeutic targets for attenuating this inflammation and thereby preventing CKD-associated cardiovascular disease.
TCT-651 Impact of preprocedural coronary artery disease assessed by SYNTAX score on TAVI outcome
Authors: Karol Zbroński, Zenon Huczek, Kajetan Grodecki, Janusz Kochman, Piotr Scisło, Maciej Dąbrowski, Adam Witkowski, Zbigniew Chmielak, Wojciech Wojakowski, Radosław Parma, Andrzej Ochała, Michał Lelek, Marek Grygier, Anna Olasińska-Wiśniewska, Aleksander Araszkiewicz, Maciej Lesiak, Dariusz Jagielak, Dariusz Ciećwierz, Radosław Wilimski, Dominika Puchta, Katarzyna Paczwa, Krzysztof Filipiak, Grzegorz Opolski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Prion‐like Aggregation of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein in Lupus Patients Is Associated With Increased Levels of Type I Interferon
Authors: Wen‐Hai Shao, Daniel H. Shu, Yuxuan Zhen, Brendan Hilliard, Stephen O. Priest, Matteo Cesaroni, Jenny P.‐Y. Ting, Philip L. Cohen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective Increased levels of type I interferon (IFN) and type I IFN–regulated genes are found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may be central to its pathogenesis. Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) is a key regulator of type I IFN that undergoes a dramatic prion‐like aggregation and self propagates the activation signal from viral RNA to amplify downstream IFN production. We undertook this study to determine whether such MAVS aggregates might play a role in the sustained increased production of type I IFN in SLE. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and mitochondrial extracts were prepared. MAVS aggregation was detected by semidenatured agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. MAVS‐associated signaling proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. MAVS aggregation–associated gene expression signature was analyzed by microarray. Results In blood cells from 22 of 67 SLE patients, essentially all MAVS was in a high molecular weight aggregated form. None of 6 rheumatoid arthritis patients and only 3 of 33 healthy controls had abnormal MAVS. Compared to MAVS aggregate–negative patients, MAVS aggregate–positive SLE patients had significantly higher serum levels of IFNβ and significantly increased levels of autoantibodies against Sm and U1 RNP. Gene array data revealed a characteristic gene expression pattern in these patients, with altered expression of genes involved in IFN signaling and membrane trafficking. Conclusion Persistent MAVS aggregates may lead to increased type I IFN production and result in unmitigated signals leading to autoimmunity.
UpdatedGin Laneexemplifies modern day public health challenges
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

ROYAL SOCIETY FOR PUBLIC HEALTH/THOMAS MOORE

This modern day interpretation of William Hogarth’s Gin Lane was commissioned by the Royal Society for Public Health to mark its 160th anniversary.

In his 1751 etching and engraving Hogarth depicted the evils of drinking gin in support of the Gin Act. The act prohibited gin distillers from selling to unlicensed merchants and increased fees charged to larger retailers to discourage gin drinking, which had been linked to petty crime. Instead people were encouraged to drink beer, and the import of tea, as a non-alcoholic alternative, was encouraged.

The Royal Society for Public Health …
TCT-665 Association of Paravalvular Leak after Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with Readmission for Acute Heart Failure: An Analysis from PARTNER 1
Authors: John Petersen, Eugene H. Blackstone, Jeevanantham Rajeswaran, David Cohen, Pamela Douglas, Rebecca Hahn, Susheel Kodali, Lars Svensson, Martin Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
TCT-492 Serial Angiographic Changes in Lesions with and without Very Late Target Lesion Revascularization after Sirolimus-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Shunsuke Kubo, Akimune Kuwayama, Takenobu Shimada, katsuya miura, Masanobu Ohya, Hidewo Amano, Yusuke Hyodo, Suguru Otsuru, Seiji Habara, Takeshi Tada, Hiroyuki Tanaka, Yasushi Fuku, Tsuyoshi Goto, Kazushige Kadota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Seliciclib Shows In Vitro Activity in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphomas.
Authors: Francesco Bertoni, Katia Lacrima, Andrea Rinaldi, Sara Vignati, Vittoria Martin, Maria Grazia Tibiletti, Gianluca Gaidano, Carlo C. Catapano, David E. MacCallum
Journal: Blood (2006)
TCT-644 Transcatheter Balloon Expandable SAPIEN Valve Implantation Using Transatrial Approach in Patients With Mitral Stenosis and Severe Mitral Annular Calcification
Authors: Abdallah El Sabbagh, Mackram Eleid, Thomas Foley, Chet Rihal, Sameh Said
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
TCT-229 Safety and Efficacy of Rotational Atherectomy for the Treatment of Undilatable Underexpanded Stents Implanted in Calcific Lesions
Authors: Luca Angelo Ferri, Richard Jabbour, Francesco Giannini, Susanna Benincasa, Damiano Regazzoli, Marco Ancona, Andrea Aurelio, Antonio Mangieri, Matteo Montorfano, Mauro Carlino, Alaide Chieffo, Antonio Colombo, Azeem Latib
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression In Transfusion-Independent Thalassemia Intermedia Compared to Regularly-Transfused Patients with Thalassemia Major
Authors: Khaled M Musallam, Brigitte Khoury, Julien Succar, Lama Bazzi, Racha Halawi, Ahmed Hankir, Maria Domenica Cappellini, Ali T Taher
Journal: Blood (2010)
<i>Notes from the Field</i>:<i>Mycobacterium chimaera</i>Contamination of Heater-Cooler Devices Used in Cardiac Surgery<i>—</i>United States
Authors: Kiran M. Perkins, Adrian Lawsin, Nabeeh A. Hasan, Michael Strong, Alison L. Halpin, Rachael R. Rodger, Heather Moulton-Meissner, Matthew B. Crist, Suzanne Schwartz, Julia Marders,, Charles L Daley, Max Salfinger, Joseph F. Perz
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

In the spring of 2015, investigators in Switzerland reported a cluster of six patients with invasive infection with Mycobacterium chimaera, a species of nontuberculous mycobacterium ubiquitous in soil and water. The infected patients had undergone open-heart surgery that used contaminated heater-cooler devices during extracorporeal circulation (1). In July 2015, a Pennsylvania hospital also identified a cluster of invasive nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among open-heart surgery patients. Similar to the Swiss report, a field investigation by the Pennsylvania Department of Health, with assistance from CDC, used both epidemiologic and laboratory evidence to identify an association between invasive Mycobacterium avium complex, including M. chimaera, infections and exposure to contaminated Stöckert 3T heater-cooler devices, all manufactured by LivaNova PLC (formerly Sorin Group Deutschland GmbH) (2). M. chimaera was described as a distinct species of M. avium complex in 2004 (3). The results of the field investigation prompted notification of approximately 1,300 potentially exposed patients.* Although heater-cooler devices are used to regulate patients' blood temperature during cardiopulmonary bypass through water circuits that are closed, these reports suggest that aerosolized M. chimaera from the devices resulted in the invasive infections (1,2). The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and CDC have issued alerts regarding the need to follow updated manufacturer's instructions for use of the devices, evaluate the devices for contamination, remain vigilant for new infections, and continue to monitor reports from the United States and overseas (2).
Genetic Risk Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Steven A. Lubitz, Xiaoyan Yin, Henry J. Lin, Matthew Kolek, J. Gustav Smith, Stella Trompet, Michiel Rienstra, Natalia S. Rost, Pedro L. Teixeira, Peter Almgren, Christopher D. Anderson, Lin Y. Chen, Gunnar Engström, Ian Ford, Karen L. Furie, Xiuqing Guo, Martin G. Larson, Kathryn L. Lunetta, Peter W. Macfarlane, Bruce M. Psaty, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Nona Sotoodehnia, David J. Stott, Kent D. Taylor, Lu-Chen Weng, Jie Yao, Bastiaan Geelhoed, Niek Verweij, Joylene E. Siland, Sekar Kathiresan, Carolina Roselli, Dan M. Roden, Pim van der Harst, Dawood Darbar, J. Wouter Jukema, Olle Melander, Jonathan Rosand, Jerome I. Rotter, Susan R. Heckbert, Patrick T. Ellinor, Alvaro Alonso, Emelia J. Benjamin
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has a substantial genetic basis. Identification of individuals at greatest AF risk could minimize the incidence of cardioembolic stroke.To determine whether genetic data can stratify risk for development of AF, we examined associations between AF genetic risk scores and incident AF in 5 prospective studies comprising 18 919 individuals of European ancestry. We examined associations between AF genetic risk scores and ischemic stroke in a separate study of 509 ischemic stroke cases (202 cardioembolic [40%]) and 3028 referents. Scores were based on 11 to 719 common variants (≥5%) associated with AF at P values ranging from <1×10-3 to <1×10-8 in a prior independent genetic association study.Incident AF occurred in 1032 individuals (5.5%). AF genetic risk scores were associated with new-onset AF after adjustment for clinical risk factors. The pooled hazard ratio for incident AF for the highest versus lowest quartile of genetic risk scores ranged from 1.28 (719 variants; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-1.46; P=1.5×10-4) to 1.67 (25 variants; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-1.90; P=9.3×10-15). Discrimination of combined clinical and genetic risk scores varied across studies and scores (maximum C statistic, 0.629-0.811; maximum ΔC statistic from clinical score alone, 0.009-0.017). AF genetic risk was associated with stroke in age- and sex-adjusted models. For example, individuals in the highest versus lowest quartile of a 127-variant score had a 2.49-fold increased odds of cardioembolic stroke (95% confidence interval, 1.39-4.58; P=2.7×10-3). The effect persisted after the exclusion of individuals (n=70) with known AF (odds ratio, 2.25; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-4.40; P=0.01).Comprehensive AF genetic risk scores were associated with incident AF beyond associations for clinical AF risk factors but offered small improvements in discrimination. AF genetic risk was also associated with cardioembolic stroke in age- and sex-adjusted analyses. Efforts are warranted to determine whether AF genetic risk may improve identification of subclinical AF or help distinguish between stroke mechanisms.