tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0254 Sonographic and Clinical Characterization of A Prospective Cohort of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Clinical Remission. Preliminary Results
Authors: J. Ramírez García, V. Ruíz-Esquide, R. Celis, A. Cuervo, S. Cabrera, J. Inciarte-Mundo, R. Sanmartí, J.D. Cañete
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse clinical and sonographic predictors of clinical flares in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission (DAS28&lt;2.6). <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study with 12 months follow-up. Patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis who were in clinical remission (defined as DAS28 &lt;2.6) were included. Clinical, epidemiological, demographic and serological data at baseline and 12 months were analysed. Serum concentrations of several cytokines and angiogenic factors were analysed by ELISA at baseline (RayBiotech). We performed ultrasound scans of both knees and hands (wrists, metacarpophalangeal [MCP], proximal interphalangeal [PIP] flexor and extensor tendons of the hand). Ultrasonography was done by a rheumatologist experienced in musculoskeletal ultrasound using high sensitivity equipment (Acuson Antares®, Siemens AG, Erlangen, Germany) with a 8-12 MHz linear probe. We quantified the presence of synovial hypertrophy (grades 0-3) and power Doppler signal (grades 0-3) in all patients. <h3>Results</h3> We included 28 patients in clinical remission (23 females and 5 males with a mean age (SD) of 51.9 (11.9) years and a disease duration of 108.2 (92.6) months). 71.9% of patients were positive for rheumatoid factor and anti-citrulline antibodies. 75% of patients were on at least one DMARD and 39.3% were on biological treatment. 60.7% of patients had power Doppler signal at baseline and 46.4% met criteria for our definition of active synovitis (synovial hypertrophy ≥2 + Power Doppler signal, Ramirez J et al, Arthritis Research and Therapy 2014). After one year of follow-up, 12 patients (42.9%) did not meet criteria for clinical remission. Of these, 9 had Power Doppler signal in the first ultrasound assessment (p=0.034) and 7 met criteria for defined subclinical synovitis by ultrasound (p=0.291). These patients also had higher levels of ESR (p=0.046) and lower TGF- b1 (p=0.082) at baseline. A logistic regression model found that Power Doppler signal at baseline was the main predictor of clinical reactivation at 12 months (OR 6.18). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although an elevated ESR or a low concentration of TGFb1 at baseline seems to be associated with clinical reactivation of patients with RA in remission, Power Doppler signal is the best predictor of disease reactivation at 12 months. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4310
Evaluating the quality of internet information for breast cancer
Authors: A. Nghiem, Y. Mahmoud, R. Som
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)

The internet is frequently used by patients for researching information regarding breast cancer. This study aims to assess the quality of these websites using validated tools. The term 'breast cancer' was searched for in 3 search engines. The top 20 results were selected, and duplicates and irrelevant websites were excluded. 26/34 websites were analysed using the DISCERN Plus tool, HONcode and the JAMA benchmarks. 46% of the websites were classed as 'excellent' when assessed with the DISCERN tool. The range of DISCERN scores was wide (range: 25-74). Nine websites were found to be HONcode certified. Seven websites complied with all four JAMA benchmarks. This study shows the quality of breast cancer information on the internet is on the whole good; however the range of quality is wide. We recommend healthcare professionals use all 3 tools together to establish which websites are best to advise which websites patients should trust.
Case 10-1997
Authors: Carl L. Berg, Fiona M. Graeme-Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Presentation of CaseA 68-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of hepatic encephalopathy.The patient had been well until several years earlier, when she began to gain weight and experience exertional dyspnea. Fourteen months before admission, her cholesterol level was 270 mg per deciliter (6.98 mmol per liter), and her high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 57 mg per deciliter (1.47 mmol per liter). A cardiac ultrasonographic examination showed normal left ventricular size and function. The results of liver-function tests were slightly abnormal. A dipyridamole–thallium stress test with exercise showed a 1-mm horizontal ST-segment depression in the apical and . . .
Doctors leaders, charities, and hospices back Liverpool Care Pathway
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A group of 20 organisations has issued a consensus statement backing the Liverpool Care Pathway for the Dying Patient and reiterating that the care is not about ending life but about delivering excellent end of life care.

Those backing the statement include the Royal College of Physicians, the Royal College of General Practitioners, the British Geriatrics Society, charities, organisations representing care homes, hospitals, social services, and palliative care services.

The statement says “Published misconceptions and often inaccurate information about the Liverpool Care Pathway risk detracting from the substantial benefits it can bring to people who are dying and to their families. In response to this we are publishing this consensus …
EUS 2010 in Shanghai – Highlights and Scientific Abstracts
Authors: T. Leong Ang, C. De Angelis, MV. Alvarez-Sanchez, A. Chak, K. Chang, R. Chen, M. Eloubeidi, F. Herth, K. Hirooka, A. Irisawa, Z. Jin, M. Kida, M. Kitano, M. Levy, H. Maguchi, B. Napoleon, I. Penman, S. Seewald, G. Wang, M. Wallace, K. Yamao, I. Yasuda, K. Yasuda, K. Yasufuku
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

EUS education in the Americas (A. Chak): Medical education in the United States begins after 12 years of high school and 4 years of college. Following four years of medical school, which results in the MD degree and three years of internal medicine residency physicians become eligible for specialty training, a fellowship in gastroenterology. Physicians who are board certified in internal medicine learn basic endoscopy during their three years of gastroenterology training and then become eligible to take board examinations in gastroenterology. To become an endosonographer most physicians who are board certified or eligible in gastroenterology obtain EUS training during an additional year of apprenticed training generally at an academic University hospital where such training is available.
Deficient Production of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Elderly Osteoporotic Patients
Authors: David M. Slovik, John S. Adams, Robert M. Neer, Michael F. Holick, John T. Potts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

There is uncertainty about the adequacy of renal secretion of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(1,25-(OH)2-D) in elderly patients with osteoporosis. To investigate this uncertainty, we stimulated secretion of 1,25-(OH)2-D with a 24-hour intravenous infusion of synthetic human parathyroid hormone fragment 1-34 and compared the results in normal young adults and elderly patients with untreated osteoporosis. Serum levels of 1,25-(OH)2-D were similar in both groups (49 +/- 10 and 42 +/- 9 pg per milliliter [116 +/- 24 and 99 +/- 21 pmol per liter]) before the infusion. However, during the 24-hour infusion, serum levels nearly doubled (P less than 0.01) in the normal volunteers but did not change significantly in the patients. Serum ionized calcium increased and serum inorganic phosphate decreased similarly in both groups during the infusion (P less than 0.05). Although the present study does not establish whether deficient 1,25-(OH)2-D secretory reserve is an effect of age or of osteoporosis, it is possible that such a deficiency will explain the inability of elderly osteoporotic patients to adapt to the low-calcium diets common in this age group. If so, this phenomenon may play a part in the pathogenesis of age-related osteoporosis.
Esophageal stricture following successful resolution of a mediastinal pseudocyst by endoscopic transpapillary drainage
Authors: S. Rana, D. Bhasin, C. Rao, H. Singh, V. Sharma, K. Singh
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 42-year-old alcoholic man had recurrent upper abdominal pain accompanied by breathlessness and right-side pleuritic chest pain for 5 months. Examination revealed right-sided pleural effusion. He had normal hemogram, liver, and renal function tests, normal serum amylase and a normal calcium profile. Thoracentesis from the right-sided pleural effusion revealed no cells, a high protein content (4.3 g/dL), and elevated amylase (2800 IU/L). Tube drainage of the right pleural effusion was done; it continued to drain 200 – 400 mL/day of clear fluid with a high amylase content.
Isolated Growth Hormone Deficiency after Cerebral Edema Complicating Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Richard J. Keller, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

CEREBRAL edema developing during the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis is an uncommon but important cause of morbidity and mortality in children with diabetes mellitus.1 2 3 4 This report concerns a child who survived severe cerebral edema, which occurred during treatment for ketoacidosis, and subsequently had growth hormone deficiency. Although growth hormone deficiency has been described in long-standing diabetes, usually in association with other neuroendocrine abnormalities, we were unaware that it might occur after cerebral edema.Case ReportA girl four years and eight months old presented at a community hospital emergency room with classic symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis. She was somnolent and . . .
High volume emergency surgery units do not improve outcomes, report finds
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The move to centralised services for emergency general surgery would not improve outcomes or reduce mortality rates, a report has found.1

The Nuffield Trust looked at the problems facing emergency general surgery and found that the “widely held perception that centralisation will drive up quality” did not hold true. It found that there was no clear relationship between the number of procedures performed and surgical outcomes.

The report, commissioned by the Royal College of Surgeons of England, found that there was little variation in mortality between sites that performed a large number of procedures and those …
A6.4 The possible role of ARHGAP25 in the regulation of leukocyte migration
Authors: R Csépányi-Kömi, B Bartos, P Lévai, A Kurz, S Bierschenk, E Ligeti, M Sperandio
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Several functions of neutrophilic granulocytes such as migration, phagocytosis and production of reactive oxygen compounds depend on the state of the small GTPase Rac. The GTP-bound active state is the result of the balance of three types of regulatory proteins: guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs). Recently we identified a novel GAP protein, ARHGAP25 which is expressed mostly in leukocytes and regulates Rac. Our previous results show that ARHGAP25 plays a regulatory role in phagocytosis and superoxide production. We also find increased filamentary actin level in ARHGAP25 knock down cells which suggest that ARHGAP25 participates in signalization of actin rearrangement, and probably in regulation of neutrophil migration. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> The ARHGAP25<sup>-/-</sup> mouse strain used for this research project was created from ES cell clone (EPD0085_1_C10) obtained from the NCRR-NIH supported KOMP Repository (www.komp.org) and generated by the CSD consortium for the NIH funded Knockout Mouse Project (KOMP). <i>In vivo</i> migration upon TNFα-stimulation was investigated by intravital microscopy of postcapillar venules from the cremaster muscle. <i>Ex vivo</i> flow chamber assay was carried out with rectangular glass capillaries coated with rmE-selectin, rmCXCL1, and rmICAM-1. No. of extravasated cells was calculated by the analysis of Giemsa-stained whole-mount cremaster muscles. ICAM-1 binding assay and cell surface receptor expression as well as filamentary actin level were measured with flow cytometry after labelling with specific antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> We found significant decrease of rolling velocity in the ARHGAP25<sup>-/-</sup> (KO) mice <i>in vivo</i> compared to ARHGAP25<sup>+/+</sup> (WT), however, the No. of rolling and adherent cells showed increased tendency. The velocity and euclidean distance of crawling was significantly higher in KO animals than in WT. These results were also confirmed by flow chamber experiments. We observed marked increase of extravasation in KO animals compared to WT. Neither cell surface expression of the receptors involved in migration nor binding of ICAM-1 differed between KO and WT cells. However, filamentary actin level showed significant increase in KO neutrophils. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The major steps of neutrophil migration from rolling to extravasation require completely different signalization processes and our data suggest that ARHGAP25 is involved in all of them. Our results suggest that ARHGAP25 provides this varied role through the regulation of actin rearrangement.
Abstract 5685: The effects of spinach and two of its components, spinacetin and patuletin, on the treatment of prostate cancer
Authors: Glenn A. Jackson, Anna Slusarz, Sara K. Drenkhahn, Nicholas J. Starkey, Teddy E. Morelock, George E. Rottinghaus, Daniel Pompeu, Kevin L. Fritsche, Jennifer L. Bogener, Cynthia L. Besch-Williford, Dennis B. Lubahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Prostate cancer possesses long latency periods and is responsive to dietary mediators, making it a target for phytochemoprevention. It has been reported that spinach consumption can reduce the incidence of prostate cancer leading our lab to look at structures of compounds present in spinach. We chose to study spinacetin and patuletin, two novel isoflavones found in spinach. We hypothesized that these spinach compounds would inhibit prostate cancer in vitro in the mouse prostate cancer cell line, TRAMP-C2, and that a spinach-containing diet would reduce cancer incidence in our TRAMP mouse model. Methods: We first isolated a crude spinacetin-containing fraction and patuletin-containing fraction from whole spinach leaves using HPLC column purification. A further purified extract was also isolated for each compound. Using these extracts we determined the effect of the spinach compounds on growth of TRAMP-C2 cells, and the effect that they have on the concentration of Gli1, an indicator of hedgehog signaling, as measured by RT-PCR and a Gli1-luciferase reporter assay. We also tested ground dried spinach at 0.2% and 2% incorporated into a casein-based diet fed to B6/FVB TRAMP mice, and then evaluated the development of prostate cancer histologically. Results: The extracts, each containing 0.1% spinacetin or patuletin, both inhibit prostate cancer cell growth in vitro, with the patuletin extract inhibiting approximately 30% and the spinacetin extract inhibiting nearly 50%. In addition, the purified compounds each inhibited Gli1 expression in both TRAMP-C2 (as measured by RTPCR) and Shh Light II cells (as measured by luciferase assay), with patuletin having an effect at 300nM and spinacetin at 1μM. The 2% spinach diet led to a 50% decrease in the incidence of well-differentiated carcinoma, but had no apparent effect on the more aggressive poorly-differentiated carcinoma. In conclusion, spinach and its compounds are capable of inhibiting prostate cancer growth and incidence in in vitro and in vivo mouse models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5685.
The Incidence of Milk Sensitivity and the Development of Allergy in Infants
Authors: Harry Louis Mueller, Robert J. Weiss, Donal O'Leary, Andrew B. Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IT is frequently difficult to find the allergen causing allergic symptoms in a given case. Yet in probably no other condition is a diagnosis so freely made, by both physician and layman, with so little to support it as in allergy. The allergic diagnosis is the sine qua non of the post hoc ergo propter hoc school. It is therefore not surprising to find that the reported incidence of milk allergy in babies varies from CollinsWilliams's1 figure of 0.3 per cent to the 1.0 per cent of Bachman and Dees2 up to Clein's3 7.0 per cent, and that the . . .
1408 HFE GENE MUTATIONS: RELATIONSHIP WITH THE PRESENCE OF COLORECTAL POLYPS AND CANCER
Authors: A. Castiella, F. Múgica, E. Zapata, L. Zubiaurre, A. Iribarren, M.D. De Juan, L. Alzate, I. Gil, G. Urdapilleta, J.I. Emparanza
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Immunoscintigraphy in Hodgkin's disease and anaphastic large cell lymphomas: Results in 18 patients using the iodine radiolabeled monoclonal antibody HRS-3
Authors: L. da Costa, P. Carde, J.D. Lumbroso, M. Ricard, M. Pfreundschuh, J. Bosq, L. Manil, V. Diehl, C. Parmentier
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Combined colonoscopy and laparoscopy to close a colonic perforation
Authors: V. Senadhi, A. Sharma, S. Fleischer, R. Franklin, S. Dutta
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 79-year-old man underwent a colonoscopy with rectal adenomatous polyp removal. As the colonoscope traversed the sigmoid colon, the operator felt a small ‘pop’. An abdominal computed tomography scan revealed extraluminal air in the retroperitoneum.
POST-SYSTOLIC STRAIN INDEX MEASURED BY 2D SPECKLE TRACKING ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY PREDICTS CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE IN VERY ELDERLY HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Hiroshi Kato, Shoichi Kubota, Takuya Goto, Toshihiro Haba, Makoto Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
AB0020 B-lymphocyte function is altered by protease activated receptor-1
Authors: K. McKelvey, C. Jackson, M. Xue
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Protease-activated receptors (PARs) play an important role in most inflammatory and immune cell types, however, they have not been studied in B-lymphocytes. <h3>Objectives</h3> We sought to determine whether PAR1 or PAR2 were expressed by B-lymphocytes and if so, to determine their effect on cell proliferation, cytokine and antibody production. <h3>Methods</h3> Human “immature” B-cell lines Ramos and Raji, and “mature” EBV-LCL1 cells, and murine wildtype, PAR1 or PAR2 knock-out (KO) splenic B-lymphocytes were used. Cells were treated with 10 µM PAR antagonists or NFkB, ERK and p38 inhibitors, and assessed for cell proliferation by MTT assay and protein expression by ELISA, western blot and flow cytometry. <h3>Results</h3> Both PAR1 and PAR2 were expressed by all three cell lines. PAR1 antagonist increased IL-6, IL-10 and IgG in centroblast-like Ramos cells (p&lt;0.01); IL-6 and IL-1β in centrocyte-like Raji cells (26- and 24-fold, p&lt;0.01); and IgG in peripheral blood-derived EBV-LCL1 cells (3.1-fold, p&lt;0.01). PAR2 antagonist decreased IL-10 and IgM in Ramos (both 0.85-fold, p&lt;0.05); IL-1β in Raji (0.75-fold, p=0.03); and IgG in EBV-LCL1 (0.83-fold, p&lt;0.05). PAR2 antagonist modestly increased Ramos and EBV-LCL1 cell proliferation (p&lt;0.05), but had no effect on Raji. PAR2 KO cell proliferation did not differ from wild type. In contrast, cell proliferation was inhibited ∼21-fold by PAR1 antagonist in all B-lymphocyte types and 36-fold in PAR1 KO cells (p&lt;0.001). B-lymphocyte PAR1 signalling was mediated via NFκB and ERK, and PAR2 signalling via NFκB, ERK and p38. <h3>Conclusions</h3> PAR1 and PAR2 are expressed by B-lymphocytes and, exert differential effects on cell proliferation and cytokine and antibody secretion. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Skin Prick Test and Serum Specific IgE May Not Be Sufficient for the Diagnosis of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis in Atopic Patients
Authors: Miguel Blanca, Carmen Rondon, Paloma Campo, Francisca Gomez, Rosa García Mendoza, Maria Isabel Sánchez Rivas, Lidia Melendez, Tahía Fernández, María José Torres
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Milk-Alkali Syndrome Complicated by Salt-Losing Nephritis
Authors: Alan Frank, Gilbert Greenspan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

RENAL sodium loss is an unexpected complication in a patient with the "milk-alkali" syndrome. This unusual combination suggested an interesting relation between alkalosis with excess calcium ingestion and renal tubular failure.Burnett and his associates,1 in 1949, described several persons with peptic ulcer, in whom, after the ingestion of large amounts of milk and absorbable alkali over many years, a syndrome characterized by hypercalcemia, absence of hypercalciuria, azotemia, alkalosis, nephrocalcinosis, band keratopathy and metastatic calcification developed. Such cases are difficult to differentiate from hyperparathyroidism with peptic ulcer, complicated by nephrocalcinosis and renal failure.2 The milk-alkali syndrome is distinguished from other . . .
EUS guided ?pseudocystogram?: an adjunct to ERCP for performing endoscopic cystgastrostomy
Authors: P Walsh, J Gilliam, G Mishra
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: Endoscopic cystgastrostomy has become a well established therapeutic procedure for draining pancreatic pseudocysts. Endoscopic ultrasound has become invaluable in limiting post procedure complications-namely bleeding. We report a novel method for EUS assistance in performing cystgastrostomy.