tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What Can Epidemiological Studies Tell Us about the Impact of Chemical Mixtures on Human Health?
Authors: Joseph M. Braun, Chris Gennings, Russ Hauser, Thomas F. Webster
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Humans are exposed to a large number of environmental chemicals: Some of these may be toxic, and many others have unknown or poorly characterized health effects. There is intense interest in determining the impact of exposure to environmental chemical mixtures on human health. As the study of mixtures continues to evolve in the field of environmental epidemiology, it is imperative that we understand the methodologic challenges of this research and the types of questions we can address using epidemiological data. In this article, we summarize some of the unique challenges in exposure assessment, statistical methods, and methodology that epidemiologists face in addressing chemical mixtures. We propose three broad questions that epidemiological studies can address: a) What are the potential health impacts of individual chemical agents? b) What is the interaction among agents? And c) what are the health effects of cumulative exposure to multiple agents? As the field of mixtures research grows, we can use these three questions as a basis for defining our research questions and for developing methods that will help us better understand the effect of chemical exposures on human disease and well-being.
The Health Policy Book LiteratureThe Health Policy Book Literature
Authors: Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

The already broad scope of medical careers has been given further breadth. Something new has been added: the career of observing, analyzing, quantifying, and recommending the regulation of medical care. In 1929 the Committee on Costs of Medical Care published a major work expressing public concern over the rising costs of medical care. That was almost 60 years ago and only 20 years after the publication of the Flexner report, which was similarly responsive to public concern over the quality of medical care. By the middle 1930s, writers in this country were beginning to express interest in health insurance and . . .
Visceral Leishmaniasis
Authors: M J García Bueno, J Herráez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. A 72-year-old Spanish woman admitted to the hospital for high fever and leukopenia had neither hepatomegaly nor splenomegaly, as assessed by physical examination and abdominal ultrasonography. A bone marrow aspirate shows intracellular and extracellular amastigotes (A), the form of the leishmania organism that lacks an exteriorized flagellum. The kinetoplast is an independently replicating organelle in the mitochondrion of the organism. The findings in the bone marrow were surprising because of the lack of organomegaly. The patient was treated with pentavalent antimonial compounds for 20 days. At follow-up 10 days later, the leukopenia and fever had resolved. AN denotes . . .
Safety, complications and patients’ acceptance of Mohs micrographic surgery under local anaesthesia: results from the U.K. MAPS (Mohs Acceptance and Patient Safety) Collaboration Group
Authors: W. Hussain, A. Affleck, F. Al-Niaimi, A. Cooper, E. Craythorne, C. Fleming, V. Ghura, J. Langtry, C. Lawrence, S. Loghdey, L. Naysmith, T. Oliphant, R. Rahim, S. Rice, M. Sivaramkrishan, G. Stables, S. Varma, R. Mallipeddi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

By virtue of its tissue sparing properties and assessment of 100% of the margin of excised specimens, MMS is regarded as the gold-standard surgical treatment of high-risk non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. From its original inception in the 1940s, modern day MMS has evolved to become a fresh tissue surgical technique, using frozen section margin control performed under local anaesthesia in an out-patient or day-case setting.

In the UK, the increasing burden of skin cancer has resulted in a greater demand for MMS with over 32 units across the country providing the technique.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
The Unique Characteristics of MET Exon 14 Mutation in Chinese Patients with NSCLC
Authors: Si-Yang Liu, Lan-Ying Gou, An-Na Li, Na-Na Lou, Hong-Fei Gao, Jian Su, Jin-Ji Yang, Xu-Chao Zhang, Yang Shao, Zhong-Yi Dong, Qing Zhou, Wen-Zhao Zhong, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Nanoparticle tumor localization, disruption of autophagosomal trafficking, and prolonged drug delivery improve survival in peritoneal mesothelioma
Authors: Rong Liu, Aaron H. Colby, Denis Gilmore, Morgan Schulz, Jialiu Zeng, Robert F. Padera, Orian Shirihai, Mark W. Grinstaff, Yolonda L. Colson
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Intestinal Motility
Authors: Alex Bortoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

UNTIL recently, three more or less distinct types of intestinal motility were recognized —namely, pendular movements, segmentation and peristalsis. Whereas peristalsis was thought to be dependent on the activity of the myenteric nerve plexuses (hence, neurogenic), the other two types of motor activity were thought to be myogenic. Current concepts of intestinal motility1 , 2 recognize neurogenic and myogenic factors as being equally important in the initiation and regulation of contractile activity. Furthermore, there is a tendency to replace the classic categories of intestinal motility with such descriptive terms as "propagated" and "nonpropagated," when one is referring to intestinal contractions, thus eliminating . . .
A small magnet with a large potential to replace surgery in repairing a disconnected bile duct after living-donor liver transplantation
Authors: Takao Itoi, Kazuhiko Kasuya
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has become common worldwide in patients with end-stage liver disease. Following LDLT, duct-to-duct anastomoses have been popularized as a method for bile duct reconstruction. However, bile duct reconstruction was thought of as an “Achilles’ heel” because of bile duct complications as long as four decades ago [1] [2]. In fact, these complications occur in 20 % – 35 % of patients undergoing LDLT, even when it is carried out by skilled surgeons [3] [4]. Of these complications, biliary strictures including anastomotic and non-anastomotic strictures are the most common after liver transplantation. In particular, anastomotic strictures are often observed after LDLT.
Are we meeting the standards for cancer survivor care?
Authors: Wendy W. Crabbe, Anand B. Karnad, Virginia Kaklamani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

98 Background: The Institute of Medicine (IOM), American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (r) (NCCN (r)) have issued standards of care for cancer survivors including development of a cancer treatment summary and coordination with the patient’s primary care provider (PCP) and other providers for follow up care. The author’s NCI-designated cancer center recently developed a survivor program for women with breast cancer and the plan is to expand the program to all cancers. Methods: To find out what physicians or providers are doing at baseline with cancer survivor care, a short 9 question survey was developed with questions based on the NCCN guidelines (r) and standards for survivorship care. These questions were sent to providers in all the disease specific clinics. The survey was sent to a total of 51 providers via email using SurveyMonkey.com and given 2.5 weeks to complete the survey. Results: A total of 51 providers were sent the survey by email and 21 responded (41%). Ten different disease subspecialties within oncology were represented with an average of 15 years of experience with providers seeing an average of 42 survivors per month. Seventy-one percent felt prepared to discuss survivorship care. Greater than 66% discussed prevention and all the providers who responded screened for recurrence or development of second cancers (100%). Greater than 47% screened for late physical and psychosocial effects of treatment. Most of the providers (61%) had interventions for physical but not psychosocial late effects of treatment. The majority of respondents felt that communication was poor between the oncology specialty provider and the patient’s PCP regarding survivorship care. Conclusions: Based on the responses to the survey based on NCCN standards for survivor care, at our institution most of the providers feel capable of discussing survivor care and 100% of those that responded screen for recurrence or second cancers. Providers need more help with interventions for late effects of treatment especially for psychosocial issues. The area that needs the most improvement is communication between specialty provider and PCP about survivorship care.
PD-011 Safety and efficacy analysis of imalumab, an anti-oxidized macrophage migration inhibitory factor (oxMIF) antibody, alone or in combination with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) or panitumumab, in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC)
Authors: D. Mahalingam, M. Patel, J. Sachdev, L. Hart, N. Halama, R. Ramanathan, J. Sarantopoulos, X. Liu, S. Yazji, D. Jäger, D. Adib, R. Kerschbaumer, M. Yoon, G. Manzur, A. Starodub, K. Sivarajan, M. Wertheim, P. Thambi, M. Jones, S. Goel, J. Nemunaitis, A. Tsimberidou
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Ovarian Cancer Risk Factors by Histologic Subtype: An Analysis From the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium
Authors: Nicolas Wentzensen, Elizabeth M. Poole, Britton Trabert, Emily White, Alan A. Arslan, Alpa V. Patel, V. Wendy Setiawan, Kala Visvanathan, Elisabete Weiderpass, Hans-Olov Adami, Amanda Black, Leslie Bernstein, Louise A. Brinton, Julie Buring, Lesley M. Butler, Saioa Chamosa, Tess V. Clendenen, Laure Dossus, Renee Fortner, Susan M. Gapstur, Mia M. Gaudet, Inger T. Gram, Patricia Hartge, Judith Hoffman-Bolton, Annika Idahl, Michael Jones, Rudolf Kaaks, Victoria Kirsh, Woon-Puay Koh, James V. Lacey, I-Min Lee, Eva Lundin, Melissa A. Merritt, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Ulrike Peters, Jenny N. Poynter, Sabina Rinaldi, Kim Robien, Thomas Rohan, Dale P. Sandler, Catherine Schairer, Leo J. Schouten, Louise K. Sjöholm, Sabina Sieri, Anthony Swerdlow, Anna Tjonneland, Ruth Travis, Antonia Trichopoulou, Piet A. van den Brandt, Lynne Wilkens, Alicja Wolk, Hannah P. Yang, Anne Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Shelley S. Tworoger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

An understanding of the etiologic heterogeneity of ovarian cancer is important for improving prevention, early detection, and therapeutic approaches. We evaluated 14 hormonal, reproductive, and lifestyle factors by histologic subtype in the Ovarian Cancer Cohort Consortium (OC3).
Correction: Hu antigen R and tristetraprolin: Counter-regulators of rat apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter by way of effects on messenger RNA stability
Authors: Frank Chen, Ann-Bin Shyu, Benjamin Shneider
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

In the article titled “Hu antigen R and tristetraprolin: Counter-regulators of rat apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter by way of effects on messenger RNA stability” (Hepatology 2011;54:1371-1378. DOI: 10.1002/hep.24496) by Frank Chen, Ann-Bin Shyu, and Benjamin Shneider, the position of the MTA-1 site in the original publication was incorrectly positioned at the 3′ end of the hASBT construct. It is now correctly positioned adjacent to the PC4 site.
Integrated Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) and physical health intervention for cancer survivors with obesity: Preliminary results from a pilot randomized controlled trial.
Authors: Anna Catherine Beck, Eric L. Garland, Pamela A Hansen, Darren Walker, Celestial Reimers, Elizabeth Ann Thomas, Jennifer Mijangos, Shelley White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

237 Background: Hypothetically, interventions that reduce excessive weight and promote nutrition and physical activity may protect against cancer recurrence. Yet, obesity is often fueled by compulsive eating behaviors. Integrative therapies that combine exercise and nutrition training with techniques to enhance interoceptive awareness and cognitive control over automatic, compulsive eating may be especially efficacious. This pilot study tested the preliminary efficacy of an integrated exercise, nutrition, and Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) intervention in a sample of obese cancer patient. Methods: Obese (Mean BMI = 35.8) female patients (Mean age 58.41) with breast (n = 15), colon (n = 1), and endometrial cancers (n = 1) were recruited and randomly assigned to receive exercise and nutrition intervention without (POWER, n = 10) or with an additional mindfulness component (MORE POWER, n = 7). Participants met twice weekly for 10 weeks for group exercise and nutrition sessions. MORE POWER participants also participated in 10 weekly group mindfulness sessions. Pre- and post-intervention, assessments included self-report measures, weight and BMI measurement, and a cue-elicited heart rate variability (HRV) assessment. Results: The MORE POWER group evidenced significantly greater reductions in BMI (p = .015) and weight (p = .034; 6.57 lbs. vs. 1.35 lbs.) than the POWER group. The MORE POWER group also reported significantly greater increases in interoceptive awareness (p = .019) and mindful observation than the POWER group (p = .040). Increases in mindful observation predicted residualized change in BMI, Beta = -.13, SE = .05, p = .03. Lastly, MORE POWER group exhibited significantly greater post-intervention HRV than the POWER group (p = .011). Conclusions: Integrating MORE with an exercise and nutrition training program appeared to enhance weight loss outcomes in this pilot sample of obese cancer patients. Findings suggest that mindfulness training may strengthen cognitive regulation of appetitive and motivational reactions crucial to weight loss, and thereby promote health in cancer survivors.
Adherence to capecitabine in patients with colorectal or gastric cancer using microelectronic monitoring systems.
Authors: Beatriz Bernardez, Giraldez MARIA Jose, Goretti Duran, Helena Esteban, Yolanda Vidal, Sonia Candamio, Urbano Anido, Rafael Lopez, Maria J. Lamas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e14671 Background: Concurrent with the increasing use of oral agents, the potential problem of nonadherence in oncologic patients (pt) is more relevant. The aim of this study is to analyze the rate of adherence to capecitabine and its influencing factors in colorectal or gastric cancer pt treated in our center. Methods: Colorectal or advanced gastric cancer patients treated with capecitabine had adherence monitored during at least three cycles by using microelectonic monitoring devices (MEMs). This is a prospective observational single-center study and data were collected between May 2011 and June 2012. The study protocol was approved by the research ethics committee, and patients gave written informed consent. Pt will fill a visual analogic scale for testing emotional distress in their first oncology pharmacy visit. All participants received pharmaceutical care consisting of oral and written information of oncology treatment and medication reconciliation. Results: Adherence was assessed in sixty nine pt, 53 colorectal and 16 advanced gastric cancer pt (58% male). Only 53 completed the study. Median age was 69 years (41-83). The mean of adherence measured by the MEMS was 98.9 % (range 89.9% to 100%).Level of Education: 4.3% had higher level, 30.4% secondary level, 26.1% primary level and 34.8% none level. 7pt (100% adherent), 8pt (95-99%) and 1pt (85-89%) with level of distress >5 (32%). Polypharmacy: >7 drugs, 3pt (100% adherent) and 3pt (95-99%); 4 to 6 drugs,15 pt (100% adherent), 9pt (95-99%) and 1pt (85-89%); <3 drugs, 3pt (100% adherent) and 3pt (95-99%). Adherence was not significantly associated with polypharmacy and level of distress. Conclusions: The adherence rates in this study are higher than those reported in other studies. These results could be attributed to the role of oncology clinical pharmacists integrated in a multidisciplinary healthcare team. Adherence was not related to polypharmacy, level of education or distress. Adherence 100% 99-95 % 94-90% 89-85% 1st cycle 40 10 2 1 2nd cycle 38 10 4 1 3th cycle 41 11 1 0
Case 11-1968
Authors: Morton N. Swartz, Martin H. Flax
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Presentation of Case First admission. A sixty-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of weakness, anorexia and postprandial abdominal discomfort.He had had discoid lupus erythematosus involving the skin of the face for forty years. From fifteen to twenty years before entry multiple squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin were excised. Four years before admission the sudden onset of generalized weakness caused him to collapse, without loss of consciousness. On admission to another hospital severe weakness of the lower extremities was observed; he was incontinent of urine and feces. Pain in the left knee, calf and thigh developed. The course . . .
Anti-HER2 Immunoliposomes
Authors: John W. Park, Keelung Hong, Dmitri B. Kirpotin, Gail Colbern, Refaat Shalaby, Jose Baselga, Yvonne Shao, Ulrik B. Nielsen, James D. Marks, Dan Moore, Demetrios Papahadjopoulos, Christopher C. Benz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2002)

Purpose: Anti-HER2 immunoliposomes combine the tumor-targeting of certain anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) with the pharmacokinetic and drug delivery capabilities of sterically stabilized liposomes. We previously showed that anti-HER2 immunoliposomes bind efficiently to and internalize in HER2-overexpressing cells in vitro , resulting in intracellular drug delivery.

Experimental Design: Here we describe the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of anti-HER2 immunoliposomes containing doxorubicin (dox) in a series of animal models.

Results: Immunoliposomes displayed long circulation that was identical to that of sterically stabilized liposomes in single- and multiple-dose studies in normal rats. Anti-HER2 immunoliposome-dox produced marked therapeutic results in four different HER2-overexpressing tumor xenograft models, including growth inhibition, regression, and cures. These results demonstrated that encapsulation of dox in anti-HER2 immunoliposomes greatly increased its therapeutic index, both by increasing antitumor efficacy and by reducing systemic toxicity. Immunoliposome-dox was significantly superior to all other treatment conditions tested, including free dox, liposomal dox, and anti-HER2 MAb (trastuzumab). When compared with liposomal dox in eight separate therapy studies in HER2-overexpressing models, immunoliposome delivery produced significantly superior antitumor efficacy in each study ( P < 0.0001 to 0.04). Anti-HER2 immunoliposome-dox containing either recombinant human MAb HER2-Fab′ or scFv C6.5 yielded comparable therapeutic efficacy. Cure rates for immunoliposome-dox reached 50% (11 of 21) with optimized immunoliposomes and Matrigel-free tumors and overall was 16% (18 of 115) versus no cures (0 of 124) with free dox or liposomal dox. Finally, anti-HER2 immunoliposome-dox was also superior to combinations consisting of free MAb plus free dox or free MAb plus liposomal dox.

Conclusions: Anti-HER2 immunoliposomes produced enhanced antitumor efficacy via targeted delivery.
Imetelstat Rapidly Induces and Maintains Substantial Hematologic and Molecular Responses in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) Who Are Refractory or Intolerant to Prior Therapy: Preliminary Phase II Results
Authors: Gabriela M. Baerlocher, Elisabeth Oppliger Leibundgut, Christina Ayran, Martha Blaney, Bart Burington, Dianne Morfeld, Olatoyosi Odenike, Oliver Ottman, Anita Reddy, Alexander Roeth, Gary Spitzer, Monic J. Stuart, Srdan Verstovsek, David S. Snyder
Journal: Blood (2012)
Divergent Effects of Interleukin-4 and Interferon-γ on Macrophage-Derived Chemokine Production: An Amplification Circuit of Polarized T Helper 2 Responses
Authors: Raffaella Bonecchi, Silvano Sozzani, Johnny T. Stine, Walter Luini, Giovanna D’Amico, Paola Allavena, David Chantry, Alberto Mantovani
Journal: Blood (1998)
WFS1 in Optic Neuropathies: Mutation Findings in Nonsyndromic Optic Atrophy and Assessment of Clinical Severity
Authors: Joanna Grenier, Isabelle Meunier, Vincent Daien, Corinne Baudoin, François Halloy, Béatrice Bocquet, Catherine Blanchet, Cécile Delettre, Etienne Esmenjaud, Agathe Roubertie, Guy Lenaers, Christian P. Hamel
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
Electrocardiographic monitoring of enuretic children receiving therapeutic doses of imipramine
Authors: G I Martin, P J Zaug
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors studied the monthly electrocardiographic tracings of 27 children with normal cardiovascular function receiving imipramine therapy for enuresis. They found no substantial EKG changes in any of these children, who were receiving doses of 25 to 75 mg of the drug. They conclude that electrocardiographic monitoring may be essential only when more than 25 to 75 mg of imipramine is given and that it should be established that the patient's cardiovascular function is normal before the drug is administered.
Case 14-1965
Authors: Warren Point, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Presentation of CaseA twenty-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the back.One year previously he experienced the onset of pain between the eleventh dorsal and the third lumbar vertebra to the right of the midline. The pain usually occurred late in the day and interfered with sleep; it was not increased by movement of the spine. During the six months before admission he was aware of a sensation of fullness in the upper portion of the abdomen after the ingestion of small quantities of food, and he occasionally passed several soft to watery stools . . .
Authors’ reply to Gallagher and Winocour
Authors: Laurent Azoulay, Kristian B Filion
Journal: BMJ (2016)

We thank Gallagher and Winocour for their interest in our work.1 Pioglitazone trials were not designed to assess safety endpoints such as bladder cancer. Consequently, the presence of an imbalance between the randomised groups necessitates further inquiry. While we agree that some early events in the PROactive trial are unlikely to be causally …