tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P3-06-04: Sno/miRNA Expression Via Next Generation Sequencing: Variation in Patients before and after Treatment.
Authors: N Banerjee, S Kamalakaran, V Varadan, A Janevski, K Lezon-Geyda, V Bossuyt, D Flowers, W Sikov, M Abu-Khalaf, T Rizack, L Harris, N Dimitrova
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Aberrant expression of small RNA molecules has been shown in breast cancer. It is yet unclear if variation exists in small RNA molecule expression in response to treatment. Since next generation sequencing offers more globally sensitive detection of sno and miRNAs, we performed an RNA-seq study to explore patients pre- and post- brief exposure to treatment. Methods: We sequenced transcriptomes of frozen biopsy samples from 8 breast cancer patients enrolled in a clinical trial for neoadjuvant therapy using trastuzumab (HER2 positive) or bevacizumab (HER2 negative) with chemotherapy. Tumor core biopsies were taken before and after 10 days of either biologic or nab-paclitaxel treatment and stored in OCT compound. Total RNA was extracted and libraries were constructed for the 16 samples using TruSeq (Illumina). We performed 74bp paired-end sequencing with the Illumina GAII platform. Sequences were aligned to the sno/miRNA track (containing 928 miRNAs and 413 snoRNAs) in UCSC and read counts were determined using Bowtie. We performed differential miRNA and snoRNA expression analysis pair-wise in all pre- and post-therapy samples. Given that miRNA deregulation relies on their protein-coding gene targets, we analyzed the predicted targets of the significantly varying miRNAs for functional enrichment. Results: Each sample had on average 46 million paired-end reads, of which on average 70% were mapped to the human genome. Overall, we detected 138 miRNAs in at least one sample, with each sample expressing 33 miRNAs on average. We detected a total of 11 miRNAs (7%) that showed significant differential expression with treatment. Interestingly, 6 of these miRNAs varied in all patients. The predicted targets of these miRNAs were enriched in DNA-dependent transcription, gene expression, cell proliferation and cell communication. Similarly, we detected 202 snoRNAs in at least one sample, with each sample expressing 87 snoRNAs on average. Of these, we found 21 snoRNAs (10%) to vary significantly upon treatment and 6 of these snoRNAs showed expression changes in all patients. Conclusions: These results suggest that variation in sno/miRNA expression may play a role in response to treatment. The consistent variation of sno/miRNAs in response to treatment suggests shared small RNA-mediated mechanisms. If validated, these results suggest that next generation sequencing technologies will allow lead to improved methods of stratifying, subclassifying and managing breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-04.
Incidental Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in a Patient Presenting With Graves' Hyperthyroidism and Concomitant Obstructive Sequestered Intrathoracic Multinodular Goiter
Authors: Anthony Ciarallo, William Makis, Javier-A. Novales-Diaz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A previously healthy 27-year-old woman presented with a thyroid goiter, symptoms of thyrotoxicosis, and mild respiratory obstruction. The serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was suppressed, serum T4 was elevated, and 24-hour radioiodine uptake was elevated at 59%. Thyroid scintigraphy showed intense uptake in an enlarged gland, with a cold nodule on the right, and a large isolated mass in the mediastinum, with very mild uptake. Total thyroidectomy and excision of the mediastinal mass revealed multiple pathologies: Graves disease in the thyroid gland with an incidental papillary thyroid carcinoma, and a benign sequestered intrathoracic multinodular goiter. Thyroid carcinoma can develop in a gland affected by Graves disease, however, the presence of concomitant sequestered intrathoracic thyroid tissue unaffected by Graves disease is highly unusual and has not been previously described. We present the scintigraphic findings, and several theories that could help explain these findings.
Scintigraphic Appearance of Parosteal Osteosarcoma
Authors: CHENG-PEI CHANG, YUM-KUNG CHU, LEE-SHING CHU, REN-SHYAN LIU, CHUNHSI SHIH, WINBY Y-K CHEN, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Parosteal osteosarcoma is a rare form of bone tumor. The lesion is usually well differentiated and arises from the bone surface. It has a better prognosis than other osteosarcomas. Although the radiographic features of parosteal osteosarcoma have been well documented, the scintigraphic characteristics of this tumor have not been described in the English literature. The authors show the unique and distinctive scintigraphic appearance of this tumor.
Stat Bite: Worldwide Availability of Cancer Data
Authors: C. S. Muir
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Stat Bite: Worldwide Availability of Cancer Data Get access Calum S. Muir, Ph.D Calum S. Muir, Ph.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 15, 4 August 1993, Page 1187, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.15.1187 Published: 04 August 1993
Passive Smoking: Exposure Occurs on Commercial Flights
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Passive Smoking: Exposure Occurs on Commercial Flights Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 6, 15 March 1989, Pages 396–398, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.6.396 Published: 15 March 1989
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Dysfunction after Radiation for Brain Tumors
Authors: Louis S. Constine, Paul D. Woolf, Donald Cann, Gail Mick, Kenneth McCormick, Richard F. Raubertas, Philip Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Patients with brain tumors who are treated with radiation frequently have growth hormone deficiency, but other neuroendocrine abnormalities are presumed to be uncommon.
The pattern of metastatic spread among breast cancer sub-types.
Authors: HF Kennecke, R Yerushalmi, R Woods, M Cheang, D Voduc, C Speers, T Nielsen, K Gelmon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2025 Background: Although breast cancer subtypes are associated with differing relapse risks, the patterns of metastatic spread are less well defined, particularly for more than the first site of metastasis. We describe the sites of all diagnosed metastases among breast cancer subtypes in a large series of women diagnosed with breast cancer to further define patterns of spread.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Subjects with early stage breast cancer referred to the British Columbia Cancer Agency from 1986 to 1992 were included. Archival paraffin tissue blocks were used to construct a tissue microarray. Breast cancer subtypes were defined as Luminal A (ER/PR+ and HER2- and Ki67 &amp;lt;19%), Luminal B (ER/PR+, and HER2- and Ki67 &amp;gt;19%), LuminalHer2 (Her2+ and ER/PR+), HER2 (HER2+ and ER- and PR-), and Basal (HER2-ER-PR- and CK 5/6+and/orEGFR+). All documented sites of distant metastasis were abstracted by chart review according to predefined categories.&amp;#x2028; Results: 3526 eligible women were classified according to Luminal A (2109), Luminal B (514), LuminalHER2 (252), HER2 (276) and Basal (375) and 30%,47%, 48%, 50% and 42% in each subgroup were diagnosed with distant metastasis. Median Survival with metastatic disease was 2.2, 1.6 and 1.3 years in Luminal A, B and LuminalHER2 groups and 0.7 and 0.5 years in the HER2 and Basal types, respectively. Bone was the predominant site of metastasis for luminal groups A (76%), B (73%) and LuminalHER2 (70%). The distribution was more heterogeneous in HER and Basal groups. High rates of brain metastasis were observed in the HER2 (30%) and Basal (27%) and less frequently in the LuminalHER2 (17%) and other groups (p &amp;lt;0001).&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusion: Molecular breast cancer subtypes are associated with specific distributions of metastasis which may lead to specific prophylactic therapies to modify this risk. New systemic therapies, including trastuzumab, may impact these patterns and survival after recurrence. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2025.
AB1071 The Use of Visual Analogue Scale in Rheumatic Disease: Validation of an Electronic Version: Table 1.
Authors: L. Cunha-Miranda, F. Barcelos, C. Miguel, C. Silva, H. Santos, S. Fernandes, J. Borges, R. Trinca, V. Vicente, P. Aguiar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> VAS scales are very useful and easy to perform scales that rheumatologists use on a daily basis. There are several ways to perform this evaluation, on paper through a ruler that includes a slider indicator among others. With the use of more electronic patient9s records it is useful to determine if the use of a computer assisted VAS could perform the same as the paper. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate and validate an electronic based VAS in a touch-screen platform. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients followed in our biologic clinic were evaluated with a paper version of several visual analogue scale (disease activity, pain intensity, back pain in the night, back pain anytime and how the disease disturbs) and after with the electronic version according to their diagnosis. The touch-screen was specially developed for our patients, integrating software that recognized the patient by disease through a bar code and presented the questionnaires according to the disease. Concordance between paper rand touch-screen questionnaire was done through Intraclass Correlation Coefficients. Internal consistency was evaluated by Cronbach9s alpha coefficient. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 88 patients were included in the global disease scale (80.7% rheumatoid arthritis and 19,3% psoriatic arthritis) 85.2% were female, mean age was 54.34±11.05 years and mean disease duration was 11.83±9.32 years. Several other VAS used in <i>spondyloarthropathies was compared in a group of 56 patients the majority were man (58.9%)</i>, 30.4% had psoriatic arthritis, 69,6% had ankylosing spondylitis mean age was 46.69±11.78 years and mean disease duration was 10.4±8.77years. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found no relevant difference between paper and touch-screen version of all the used VAS scales, with high correlation coefficients validating this platform. This is a useful instrument in our clinical practice, and could be a valid alternative to VAS on paper or rulers. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5384
AB1304 Semiquantitative assessment of inflammation in arthritis patients with indocyanine green enhanced optical imaging using for monitoring of treatment response:
Authors: S.G. Werner, H.-E. Langer, F. Spiecker, S. Mettler, G. Lind-Albrecht, C. Hermsen, M. Backhaus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Indocyanine green (ICG) enhanced fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) is a diagnostic tool for assessment of inflammation in arthritis. In cross-sectional studies FOI had a good agreement with MRI and US findings (1). The semiquantitative fluorescence optical imaging activity score (FOIAS) correlated with clinical (DAS 28) and MRI (RAMRI) scores of disease activity. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare clinical assessment and FOIAS for measurement of treatment response in DMARD naïve patients and in subjects with inadequate response to non-biologic DMARDs (DMARD-IR) and switch to biologicals. <h3>Methods</h3> 57 cases with rheumatoid (RA) and psoriatic (PsA) arthritis were examined before starting treatment with non-biological or biological DMARD (visit 1) and at follow-ups (visits after ≥3 months). FOI (Xiralite, mivenion GmbH, 0.1 mg/kg/BW of ICG i.v. over 6 minutes) sequences were analyzed for FOIAS (PVM, P1, P2, P3) (1). Treatment response was assessed using DAS28, physicians global (VAS 1-10), swollen joint count (SJC), tender joint count (TJC), CDAI, SDAI and FOIAS. Standardized response means (SRM) were calculated for measurement of treatment response. <h3>Results</h3> All scores showed a reduction of disease activity from visit 1 to visit 2. High treatment response (SRM &gt;0.8) were seen for physicians global and DAS28, moderate response (SRM &gt;0.5-0.8) for SJC, CDAI, SDAI, FOIAS PVM, P2 and P3 (2). Detailed results are shown in table. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study suggests that treatment monitoring with FOI and the semiquantitative FOIAS are a suitable tools to assess treatment response in subjects with RA and PsA treated with DMARDs or biologicals. Further studies are required to evaluate FOIAS as a possible additional outcome measure in clinical trials and clinical practice. <h3>References</h3> Werner SG, Langer HE, Ohrndorf et al. Inflammation assessment in patients with arthritis using novel in vivo fluorescence optical imaging technology. Ann Rheum Dis Oct 12, Epub ahead of print. Husted JA, Cook RJ, Farewell VT, et al. Methods for assessing responsiveness: a critical review and recommendations. J Clin Epidemiol 2000;53:459–68. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> S. Werner Grant/Research support from: Pfizer, H.-E. Langer Grant/Research support from: Pfizer, F. Spiecker: None Declared, S. Mettler: None Declared, G. Lind-Albrecht: None Declared, C. Hermsen: None Declared, M. Backhaus Grant/Research support from: Pfizer
AB1115 The Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Tirana, Albania
Authors: V. Duraj, A. Kollcaku, A. Bano, T. Backa, A. Tafaj
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) varies among different populations. In developed countries, it ranges from 5-50/100000. According to several studies, women are more commonly affected than men. In addition, RA incidence increases with age, until the eighth decade, when it begins to fall. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study is to evaluate the RA incidence in the adult population in the city of Tirana, Albania <h3>Methods</h3> The study was performed during the period of time 2009-2012 on all the patients diagnosed with RA in all the primary health care services of Tirana, Albania. The diagnosis of RA was based on the clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory tests including measurement of rheumatoid factor. The RA incidence was calculated by presuming an average denominator of 800000 inhabitants (the mean population in Tirana city during the period of study). The T test was utilized for quantitative values. The Fisher test was used for the comparison of proportions of different cohorts. <h3>Results</h3> Totally, there were identified 817 cases with RA during the four year period 2009-2012. 529 (65%) were women and 288 (35%) were men. The average age was 62.4±8.6 in men versus 62.8±7.8 in women. (P=0.19). From the overall 817 patients with RA, 78 cases were newly diagnosed. The annual incidence was 78 (newly diagnosed cases)/800000 (mean population)/4 (years of study) = 2.43/100000 inhabitants. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study provides new evidence about the incidence of RA in Tirana city. It supports the data showing that RA increases with age in males and females and on the other hand, it is found more often in women than in men. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5804
Strategies and risks in psychotherapy with bilingual patients: the phenomenon of language independence
Authors: L R Marcos, M Alpert
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The presence of two separate languages, each with its own lexical, syntactic, semantic, and ideational components, can complicate psychotherapy with proficient bilingual patients. If only one language is used in therapy, some aspects of the patients emotional experience may be unavailable to treatment; if both languages are used, the patient may use language switching as a form of resistance to affectively charged material. The authors suggest that monolingual therapists should carefully assess the degree of language independence in bilinguals in order to minimize its impact on therapy. They conclude that study of bilingual patients may provide important insights into the nature of the therapeutic process.
Abstract 38: Saturated free fatty acids activate a c-Src-JNK1 axis within lipid rafts: Implications for the development of insulin resistance, obesity, and obesity-associated cancer
Authors: Ryan Holzer, Helen Tran, Giovanni Salinas, Michael Karin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Obesity is a risk factor for the development of insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and several types of cancer, including cancers of the colon, breast, liver, endometrium and esophagus. Obese individuals have increased levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) in their serum, and so we are investigating signaling pathways that are activated by FFAs in vitro to gain insight into pathways that may trigger insulin resistance and the activation of oncogenes in obese individuals in vivo. Obesity is associated with chronic activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)1 in liver, fat and muscle tissue, and studies using JNK1-deficient mice demonstrate that JNK activation is important for adiposity, peripheral insulin resistance and the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, but the mechanism of JNK1 activation in obesity is unclear. Our data demonstrate that JNK1 is activated by FFAs in vitro in a c-Src-dependent manner, and that activation of c-Src occurs within lipid rafts. Src-deficient murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and SYF MEFs, which are deficient in c-Src family kinases c-Src, c-Yes and c-Fyn, do not activate JNK1 after exposure to FFAs in vitro, while NIH 3T3 MEFs and SYF MEFs reconstituted with c-Src activate JNK1 normally. In contrast, SYF MEFs reconstituted with c-Yes and c-Fyn do not activate JNK1. Knockdown of c-Src with shRNA in HEK 293T cells also inhibits FFA-induced activation of JNK1, and inhibition of c-Src with pharmacologic inhibitors has the same effect in J774 mouse macrophages. Pharmacologic inhibition of c-Src also prevents the FFA-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA in macrophages. Importantly, c-Src is activated within lipid rafts after FFA treatment, as seen by both detergent-dependent and detergent-independent methods of raft isolation. Interestingly, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which can protect against the onset of obesity, will also block JNK activation following treatment with saturated FFAs, and we suspect that this effect may be due to the ability of PUFAs to exclude c-Src from lipid rafts. Finally, preliminary data suggests that c-Src may be aberrantly activated in liver tissue from obese mice that were fed a high-fat diet. Experiments are currently underway to verify the role of c-src in the activation of JNK1 in vivo by acutely infusing mice with a free fatty acid emulsion in the presence of a pharmacologic inhibitor of c-src. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 38.
The Romance of American Psychology: Political Culture in the Age of Experts
Authors: K. Mckenzie
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Ellen Herman University of California Press, pounds sterling28, pp 406 ISBN 0 520 08598 1

In the name of enlightenment psychologists promise help, faith, knowledge, and comfort, devising formulas for happy living and ways of dissolving knots in conflict. What was once a quiet backwater discipline has grown exponentially, with membership of the American Psychological Association increasing by more than 1100% from 2739 in 1940 to 30839 in 1970.

Ellen Herman, a social scientist at Harvard University, tracks this growth and investigates how and why psychology has become the source of the most potent ideology in contemporary America. From its humble beginnings, when behavioural scientists had to aggressively carve out a niche for themselves in the second world war, through their involvement in the Cold War and their input into foreign and domestic policy, and finally to …
EXPERIENCE WITH WEARABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATOR IN NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: A NATIONAL DATABASE ANALYSIS
Authors: Negar Salehi, Madalina Opreanu, Nicole R. Bianco, Mojdeh Nasiriahmadabadi, Amit Hushansharma, Peerawut Deeprasertkul, Enoch Lule, Srinivas Mikkilineni, Ranjan Thakur
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 3700: Anticancer effects and mechanisms of action of novel flavonoid didymin in neuroblastomas
Authors: Lokesh Nagaprashantha, Jyotsana Singhal, Sanjay Awasthi, Sharad S. Singhal
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Neuroblastomas arise from the neural crest cells and represent the most common solid tumors outside the nervous system in children. The amplification of N-Myc plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of neuroblastomas whereas acquired mutations of p53 lead to refractory and relapsed cases of neuroblastomas. In this regard, dietary compounds which can target N-Myc and exert anti-cancer effects independent of p53 status acquire significance in the management of neuroblastomas. Hence, we investigated the anti-cancer properties of the flavonoid didymin in neuroblastomas. Didymin effectively inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis irrespective of p53 status in neuroblastomas. Didymin down regulated PI3K, pAkt, Akt, vimentin and up regulated RKIP levels. Didymin induced G2/M arrest along with decreasing the levels of cyclin D1, CDK4 and cyclin B1. Importantly, didymin inhibited N-Myc as confirmed at protein, mRNA and transcriptional level by promoter-reporter assays. HPLC analysis of didymin (2 mg/kg b.w.) treated mice serum revealed effective oral absorption with free didymin concentration of 2.1 µM. Further in vivo mice xenografts studies revealed that didymin (2 mg/kg b.w.) treated animals had significant reductions in tumors size compared to controls. Didymin strongly inhibited the proliferation (Ki67) and angiogenesis (CD31) markers as well as N-Myc expression as revealed by the histopathological examination of paraffin embedded section of resected tumors. Collectively, our in vitro and in vivo studies elucidated the anti-cancer properties and mechanisms of action of a novel, orally active and palatable flavonoid didymin which makes it a potential new approach for neuroblastoma therapy (NANT) to target pediatric neuroblastomas. (Supported in part by NIH grant CA 77495) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3700. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3700
Pharmacologic Treatment of Cancer Pain
Authors: Michael H. Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Pain from cancer is a major health care problem.13 Thirty percent of patients with cancer have pain at the time of diagnosis, and 65 to 85 percent have pain when their disease is advanced.2,46 The impact of cancer pain is magnified by the interaction of pain and its treatments with other common cancer symptoms: fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, nausea, constipation, and impaired cognition.4,6 Cancer pain can be effectively treated in 85 to 95 percent of patients with an integrated program of systemic, pharmacologic, and anticancer therapy.7,8 Many of the remaining patients can be helped by the . . .