tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Doctors getting biggest payments from drug companies don’t declare them on new website
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Health professionals who are paid the most by UK drug companies for providing time and advice are the least likely to have voluntarily declared the payments, analysis of a new disclosure website indicates.

The data show that 70% of healthcare professionals in receipt of payments from companies required to register details on a website hosted by the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) agreed to have the data disclosed. But the 30% who didn’t agree to disclosure received 52% of the payments registered (fig 1⇓). However, The BMJ has been unable so far to determine how many healthcare professionals are included in the website and how many are doctors.



Fig 1  Healthcare professionals agreeing to disclosure of data

Will Stahl-Timmins

Mike Thomson, chief executive of the association, said that this meant that those receiving the largest payments were less likely to have agreed to have them disclosed. “I’m disappointed by that,” he said. “These are probably leading consultants whose services are highly valued by the companies. It’s understandable that we don’t want our neighbours to know how much we earn, but I hope that when they see this database published they may think …
Vaginal Symptoms
Authors: Sharon Parmet
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Vaginal SymptomsV aginal symptoms are one of the most common reasons for which women seek medical care.Vaginal complaints account for approximately 10 million medical office visits per year.Most vaginal symptoms are not a sign of a serious disease such as cancer or AIDS, and the majority of such symptoms are not due to a sexually transmitted disease.The March 17, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article about diagnosing vaginal symptoms.
Case 12-1969
Authors: Jack R. Dreyfuss, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Presentation of Case First admission. A sixty-nine-year-old man entered the hospital for investigation of a prostatic nodule.Ten years previously transurethral prostatic resection had been performed; pathological examination revealed benign prostatic hypertrophy. Three weeks before admission examination of the prostate gland disclosed a small nodule in the right lateral lobe.For several years he had had frequent eructation, but no abdominal pain. Two years before admission an upper gastrointestinal series was performed because of constipation, bloating and a sensation of fullness in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen; the films showed a hiatus hernia of moderate size, with gastroesophageal . . .
JAK Inhibition Reduces CD25 high CD27+ FOXp3+ T Regulatory Cells and Causes a Silencing Of T Effector Cells In Patients With Myeloproliferative Neoplasms Whilst Promoting a TH17 Phenotype
Authors: Clodagh Keohane, Shahram Y Kordasti, Thomas Seidl, Pilar Perez Abellan, Nicholas Shaun B. Thomas, Ghulam J Mufti, Claire N Harrison, Donal McLornan
Journal: Blood (2013)
European Society of Cardiology–Recommended Coronary Artery Disease Consortium Pretest Probability Scores More Accurately Predict Obstructive Coronary Disease and Cardiovascular Events Than the Diamond and Forrester Score
Authors: Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Edward Hulten, Tamar S. Polonsky, Udo Hoffman, Khurram Nasir, Suhny Abbara, Marcelo Di Carli, Ron Blankstein
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: The most appropriate score for evaluating the pretest probability of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) is unknown. We sought to compare the Diamond-Forrester (DF) score with the 2 CAD consortium scores recently recommended by the European Society of Cardiology. Methods: We included 2274 consecutive patients (age, 56±13 years; 57% male) without prior CAD referred for coronary computed tomographic angiography. Computed tomographic angiography findings were used to determine the presence or absence of obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis). We compared the DF score with the 2 CAD consortium scores with respect to their ability to predict obstructive CAD and the potential implications of these scores on the downstream use of testing for CAD, as recommended by current guidelines. Results: The DF score did not satisfactorily fit the data and resulted in a significant overestimation of the prevalence of obstructive CAD ( P &lt;0.001); the CAD consortium basic score had no significant lack of fitness; and the CAD consortium clinical provided adequate goodness of fit ( P =0.39). The DF score had a lower discrimination for obstructive CAD, with an area under the receiver-operating characteristics curve of 0.713 versus 0.752 and 0.791 for the CAD consortium models ( P &lt;0.001 for both). Consequently, the use of the DF score was associated with fewer individuals being categorized as requiring no additional testing (8.3%) compared with the CAD consortium models (24.6% and 30.0%; P &lt;0.001). The proportion of individuals with a high pretest probability was 18% with the DF and only 1.1% with the CAD consortium scores ( P &lt;0.001) Conclusions: Among contemporary patients referred for noninvasive testing, the DF risk score overestimates the risk of obstructive CAD. On the other hand, the CAD consortium scores offered improved goodness of fit and discrimination; thus, their use could decrease the need for noninvasive or invasive testing while increasing the yield of such tests.
Case 20-1964
Authors: Donald B. Martin, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

Presentation of Case First admission. An eighty-year-old man entered the hospital because of pain in the abdomen.He had been well until a heart attack occurred three years previously. During the following year he began to experience intermittent pain in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen. Six months before admission he entered another hospital, where physical examination was negative except for a slightly enlarged liver. The hematocrit was 39 per cent; the fasting blood sugar was 104 mg., the urea nitrogen 16 mg., the bilirubin 1.1 mg., and the protein 7.1 gm. per 100 ml.; the amylase and . . .
Scientists of Tomorrow at the Frontiers of Cardiovascular Biology 2016 in Florence: translating basic science into clinical practice is the next frontier
Authors: Charalambos Antoniades, Gemma Vilahur
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Basic science has always been the engine behind the technological evolution of the cardiovascular field. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, cardiovascular research reached the peak of its productivity, with rapid translation of novel ideas from the bench to clinical practice, leading to an impressive enhancement in the quality of life and life expectancy of patients with cardiovascular diseases.1 Although R&D investment in the cardiovascular area by the pharmaceutical industry has declined, there has been a large influx of public investment for cardiovascular basic research in the past years. As reported by the ESC in Cardioscape, at least 876 million euros were awarded for cardiovascular disease research project grants under competitive open funding schemes in the EU over the period of 2010–2012 (http://www.cardioscape.eu/Final-Conference).

Despite the progress in understanding and deciphering CV pathology, there has been a decline of successful translation of basic research into clinical practice, with most of the large-scale, randomized clinical trials providing negative results, disproving their original hypotheses born and bred in our basic science labs.2,3 These failures4 underline the complexity of cardiovascular diseases and the need to develop new experimental models to filter the innovative concepts generated in the lab, allowing only the most promising ones to be tested in the clinical setting. It is our responsibility, as scientists, to ensure a successful translation from the lab to humans that, in turn, will realize real progress in clinical cardiovascular medicine; besides, basic research is at the source of the innovation cycle which aims to benefit well-being of the population; therefore, attention to the translation is essential. The new generation of scientists should now take the lead …
<i>Lokiarchaeota</i>Marks the Transition between the Archaeal and Eukaryotic Selenocysteine Encoding Systems
Authors: Marco Mariotti, Alexei V. Lobanov, Bruno Manta, Didac Santesmasses, Andreu Bofill, Roderic Guigó, Toni Gabaldón, Vadim N. Gladyshev
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Selenocysteine (Sec) is the 21st amino acid in the genetic code, inserted in response to UGA codons with the help of RNA structures, the SEC Insertion Sequence (SECIS) elements. The three domains of life feature distinct strategies for Sec insertion in proteins and its utilization. While bacteria and archaea possess similar sets of selenoproteins, Sec biosynthesis is more similar among archaea and eukaryotes. However, SECIS elements are completely different in the three domains of life. Here, we analyze the archaeon Lokiarchaeota that resolves the relationships among Sec insertion systems. This organism has selenoproteins representing five protein families, three of which have multiple Sec residues. Remarkably, these archaeal selenoprotein genes possess conserved RNA structures that strongly resemble the eukaryotic SECIS element, including key eukaryotic protein-binding sites. These structures also share similarity with the SECIS element in archaeal selenoprotein VhuD, suggesting a relation of direct descent. These results identify Lokiarchaeota as an intermediate form between the archaeal and eukaryotic Sec-encoding systems and clarify the evolution of the Sec insertion system.
Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus successfully treated with nivolumab: A case report
Authors: Kyoko Inadomi, Hozumi Kumagai, Shuji Arita, Kotoe Takayoshi, Hiroshi Uchi, Hidetaka Yamamoto, Hiroshi Ariyama, Hitoshi Kusaba, Koichi Akashi, Eishi Baba
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Alterations of serum inflammatory biomarkers in the healthy and lung cancer patients before and post chemotherapy
Authors: Dawei Yang, Xun Wang, Tao Zeng, Jie Hu, Yuanlin Song, Luonan Chen, Xiangdong Wang, Chunxue Bai
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Only 20% of lung cancer patients could be early diagnosed with surgical treatment. Due to the high cost, it is not practical to apply CT scan and pathological biopsy for lung cancer as regular screening tools even in high-risk population. A simple but sensitive and specific assay used for lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis is warranted.  Methods: Serum samples from 55 subjects including healthy people and patients with NSCLC (30 with adenocarcinoma and 13 with squamous cell carcinoma) were collected to measure 40 inflammatory mediators by multiplexed cytokine immunoassays. All patients have completed follow up for up to two years. A series of systematical computational analysis was applied.  Results: The set of 17 cytokines (such as IL-9, CCL16, CXCL10, etc.) prefers to identify adenocarcinoma samples from pool of the population, while the set of 2 cytokines (MSPa and IL-29) prefers to recognize squamous cell carcinoma samples. The decision trees based on these two kinds of biomarkers can both achieve about 80% accuracy in leave-one-out cross-validation. Cytokines like CXCL5, CXCL10 and CCL16 were also found to play important roles in cancer survival. The co-expressed protein interaction network (CEPIN) of cytokines related to adenocarcinoma show dynamic convergent behavior during chemotherapy.  Conclusions: This pattern of inflammatory mediators might be useful for cancer diagnosis, prognosis and evaluation of chemotherapy effects. The results of clustering of five CEPINs supported the adopted chemotherapy is effective for NSCLC patients.  This study was supported by National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) No. 2012CB933300.
Synergistic Combination of Multistage Magnetic Guidance and Optimized Ligand Density in Targeting a Nanoplatform for Enhanced Cancer Therapy
Authors: Chih‐Sheng Chiang, Yi‐Shang Shen, Jun‐Jen Liu, Woei‐Cherng Shyu, San‐Yuan Chen
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A new therapeutic strategy of combining multistage short‐term magnetic guidance with optimized ligand‐mediated targeting in a newly developed nanodelivery system is investigated to promote accumulation and modulate intratumoral distribution behavior of the nanocarriers for enhanced tumor therapy. The multifunctional magnetic nanocarriers (MNCs) composed of single‐component thiol‐functionalized PVA/PMA SH copolymer and superparamagnetic nanoparticles are developed for providing tunable dual‐targeting ability and simultaneously modulating pH‐responsive on/off drug release. Results show that plasma doxorubicin (Dox) concentration of the mice treated with Trastuzumab (Tra)‐targeted Dox‐MNCs can be rapidly decreased by applying dual‐targeting treatment. More importantly, cooperative modulation of magnetic targeting and Tra density on the nanocarrier significantly optimize intratumoral distribution and enhance the utilization rate of nanomedicines within tumor to inhibit tumor growth. The mice treated with 2T‐Dox‐MNCs + multistage magnetic targeting (MT) (2 h d −1 ) show 7.63‐fold, 3.25‐fold, and 2.7‐fold reduction in HER2‐positive tumor volume compared to Dox‐MNCs, 2T‐Dox‐MNCs, and 2T‐Dox‐MNCs + single MT (12 h). The synergistic dual‐targeting approach represents a major paradigm advance in tumor treatment and nanocarrier design in preclinical application.
Switch From Trivalent to Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extrahepatic Iron Deposition In Chronically Transfused Children With Sickle Cell Anemia – Baseline Findings From The Twitch Trial
Authors: John C. Wood, Alan Cohen, Banu Aygun, Hamayun Imran, Lori Luchtman-Jones, Alexis A. Thompson, Beng Fuh, Barry R Davis, Sara L. Pressel, William Herbert Schultz, Russell E. Ware
Journal: Blood (2013)
Differentiation of individual selves facilitates group-level benefits of ultrasociality
Authors: Sarah E Ainsworth, Roy F Baumeister, Kathleen D Vohs
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Gowdy &amp; Krall's target article complements our recent theorizing on group behavior. In our comment, we elucidate complementary aspects of the two theories and highlight the importance of differentiation of selves for human groups to reap the benefits of ultrasociality. We propose that achieving optimal group outcomes depends on the differentiation of individual selves.
A case of unstable angina in which percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty was not fully indicated.
Authors: Shoji Kojima, Masao Chino
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We presented a case of a 56-year-old male with unstable angina in which we initially attempted percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) but ultimately discontinued the procedure because of two vessel involvement.
PROCAINAMIDE AND LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Authors: F A KINGERY
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Overall Survival In Early Stage Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients With Treatment Indication Due To Disease Progression: Follow-Up Data Of The CLL1 Trial Of The German CLL Study Group (GCLLSG)
Authors: Manuela A. Bergmann, Raymonde Busch, Barbara Eichhorst, Andreas Buehler, Norbert Fischer, Michael J Eckart, Ursula Vehling-Kaiser, Ulrich Jäger, Georg Hopfinger, Clemens Wendtner, Kirsten Fischer, Bertold Emmerich, Hartmut Döhner, Michael Hallek, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Journal: Blood (2013)
351O Induction of PD-L1 expression by the EML4-ALK oncoprotein and downstream signaling pathways in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: K. Ota, K. Azuma, E. Iwama, T. Harada, K. Matsumoto, S. Takamori, M. Kage, T. Hoshino, Y. Nakanishi, I. Okamoto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
The Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation—the Effect of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Active T Lymphocytes(in vitro)
Authors: Zhenhua Qiao, Fang Ye, Tao Yang, Li Zhang, Ning Jia
Journal: Blood (2010)
Characteristics of Patients Who Survived &lt; 3 Months or &gt; 2 Years After Surgery for Spinal Metastases: Can We Avoid Inappropriate Patient Selection?
Authors: Jorrit-Jan Verlaan, David Choi, Anne Versteeg, Todd Albert, Mark Arts, Laurent Balabaud, Cody Bunger, Jacob Maciej Buchowski, Chung Kee Chung, Maarten Hubert Coppes, Hugh Alan Crockard, Bart Depreitere, Michael George Fehlings, James Harrop, Norio Kawahara, Eun Sang Kim, Chong-Suh Lee, Yee Leung, Zhongjun Liu, Antonio Martin-Benlloch, Eric Maurice Massicotte, Christian Mazel, Bernhard Meyer, Wilco Peul, Nasir A. Quraishi, Yasuaki Tokuhashi, Katsuro Tomita, Christian Ulbricht, Michael Wang, F. Cumhur Oner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Survival after metastatic cancer has improved at the cost of increased presentation with metastatic spinal disease. For patients with pathologic spinal fractures and/or spinal cord compression, surgical intervention may relieve pain and improve quality of life. Surgery is generally considered to be inappropriate if anticipated survival is &lt; 3 months. The aim of this international multicenter study was to analyze data from patients who died within 3 months or 2 years after surgery, to identify preoperative factors associated with poor or good survival, and to avoid inappropriate selection of patients for surgery in the future. Patients and Methods A total of 1,266 patients underwent surgery for impending pathologic fractures and/or neurologic deficits and were prospectively observed. Data collected included tumor characteristics, preoperative fitness (American Society of Anesthesiologists advisory [ASA]), neurologic status (Frankel scale), performance (Karnofsky performance score [KPS]), and quality of life (EuroQol five-dimensions questionnaire [EQ-5D]). Outcomes were survival at 3 months and 2 years postsurgery. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to find preoperative factors associated with short-term and long-term survival. Results In univariable analysis, age, emergency surgery, KPS, EQ-5D, ASA, Frankel, and Tokuhashi/Tomita scores were significantly associated with short survival. In multivariable analysis, KPS and age were significantly associated with short survival (odds ratio [OR], 1.36; 95% CI, 1.15 to 1.62; and OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.27, respectively). Associated with longer survival in univariable analysis were age, number of levels included in surgery, KPS, EQ-5D, Frankel, and Tokuhashi/Tomita scores. In multivariable analysis, the number of levels included in surgery (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.38) and primary tumor type were significantly associated with longer survival. Conclusion Poor performance status at presentation is the strongest indicator of poor short-term survival, whereas low disease load and favorable tumor histology are associated with longer-term survival.
Case 50-1975
Authors: John B. Watkins, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseFirst admission. A seven-week-old girl was admitted to the hospital for cardiac catheterization.She was born at full term after an uneventful primiparous pregnancy. The birth weight was 2.7 kg. Cyanosis and a heart murmur were noted at birth, and a specimen of capillary blood disclosed that the partial pressure of oxygen ranged between 35 and 45 mm Hg. On the third day of life icterus was observed; phototherapy was administered for 10 days, and the icterus disappeared. The blood group of the child was O Rh positive, and that of her mother A Rh positive. . . .