tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes and in Nondiabetic Subjects with and without Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Steven M. Haffner, Seppo Lehto, Tapani Rönnemaa, Kalevi Pyörälä, Markku Laakso
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes is associated with a marked increase in the risk of coronary heart disease. It has been debated whether patients with diabetes who have not had myocardial infarctions should be treated as aggressively for cardiovascular risk factors as patients who have had myocardial infarctions.
Efficacy of a quadrivalent HPV (types 6/11/16/18) L1 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine against vaginal and vulvar pre-cancerous lesions: a combined analysis
Authors: J. Paavonen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

5011 Background: In the US, 6000 cases of vulvar or vaginal cancer are diagnosed annually. HPV is detected in 75–100% of vulvar cancers in younger women. The most common HPV type detected is HPV 16, followed by HPV 18. These two types also cause a majority of HPV-related vaginal cancers. Treatment to prevent progression to vaginal/vulvar cancer is challenging. Here, we present a combined analysis of 3 randomized, placebo-controlled trials to evaluate the impact of a prophylactic quadrivalent HPV vaccine on the rates of HPV 16- and 18-related vulvar and vaginal neoplasia grade 2/3 (VIN 2/3 and VaIN 2/3). Methods: 18,150 women (16–26 yrs) from the Americas, Europe and Asia were enrolled in 1 of 3 trials. Subjects were randomized to either quadrivalent HPV (Types 6, 11, 16, 18) L1 VLP vaccine or placebo. For all trials, vaccination occurred at day 1, and months 2 and 6. Genital tract specimens were obtained at day 1 and at 6–12 month intervals thereafter for a maximum of 48 months. Colposcopy referral was algorithm-based. Biopsies were HPV-typed. Cytology, histology, and HPV detection were conducted centrally. Analyses were done per protocol (PP) (subjects received 3 doses, had no major protocol violations, were HPV 16 or 18 seronegative at Day 1 and HPV 16 or 18 DNA negative Day 1 through month 7) and modified intention to treat (MITT) (received ≥1 dose and were HPV 16 or 18 negative at Day 1 by serology and DNA). Endpoint counts began after Month 7 and Day 30 in the PP and MITT analyses, respectively. Results: In PP analysis, after an average of 18 months of follow-up, the vaccine was 100% effective (95% CI: 56–100%) in preventing HPV 16- or 18-related VIN 2/3 or VaIN 2/3. There were 10 cases in the placebo group and 0 cases in the vaccine group. In the MITT population, after an average of 2 years of follow-up, there were 24 histologically confirmed cases of HPV 16- or 18-related VIN 2/3 or VaIN 2/3, all in the placebo group (100% efficacy; 95% CI: 83–100%). Conclusions: Quadrivalent HPV VLP vaccine prevented HPV 16 and 18-related vaginal and vulvar high-grade precancerous lesions for at least 2 years post-immunization. This intervention is expected to greatly reduce the risk of vulvar and vaginal cancers. [Table: see text]
<i>Science Translational Medicine</i> Podcast: 20 January 2016
Authors: Eric Vallabh Minikel, Sonia M. Vallabh, Annalisa M. VanHook
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Eric Vallabh Minikel and Sonia Minikel Vallabh explain that genetic variants in the prion protein gene differ in how likely they are to cause prion disease.
AB0748 Carbimazole induced ANCA associated renal vasculitis
Authors: D. Singh, A. Jayashekara, F. Kaplan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> We present a case of renal antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated-vasculitis (AAV) precipitated following introduction of carbimazole while treating hyperthyroidism. <h3>Methods</h3> A 22 yr old female was newly diagnosed with thyrotoxicosis with raised free thyroxine (16.8 pmol/L) and suppressed thyroid-stimulating-hormone (&lt;0.03mIU/L). She was started on anti-thyroid drug Carbimazole 20 mg. A fortnight later she presented with systemic symptoms of nausea, vomiting, fever with rigors and weight-loss associated with self-limiting maculo-papular skin-rash. Her renal-functions were deranged with a creatinine of 704umol/land urea 20mmol/l, which worsened over the next 48 hours. Her ultrasound of renal-tract demonstrated bilateral oedematous kidneys. She needed high-dependency-unit support for renal replacement therapy using haemodialysis following a seizure. She was cytoplasmic-ANCA positive with raised proteinase-3 (titers 28AU/ml). Her myeloperoxidase titres were &lt;7 (AU/ml) She was negative for anti-thyroid-stimulating-hormone-receptor antibodies, anti-thyroid-peroxidase antibody, anti-glomerular-basement-membrane antibody and for anti-nuclear-antibodies with normal serum-complement levels. <h3>Results</h3> Thionamides drugs are proposed to provoke AAV; therefore it was thought that perhaps this could be carbimazole-induced renal AAV; hencecarbimazole was withdrawn. Subsequently the renal biopsy(see Image 1 silver stain with glomerulus showing fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by cellular crescent) revealed concentric necrotizing-glomerulonephritis consistent with c-ANCA positive-vasculitis. She was further treated with high dose prednisolone and cyclophosphamide following which her renal function improved. She was weaned off haemodialysis and her thyroid function tests also normalized without any further anti-thyroid therapy. Although exact mechanism is not known it is well known that the altered immune environment associated with autoimmune thyroid disease is not sufficient to develop ANCA but treatment with thionamides (which accumulate in neutrophils) is important in promoting ANCA development. There is only limited literature available describing carbimazole-induced-ANCA-positive renal vasculitis; and as in other case reports, renal function improved after carbimazole discontinuation and provision of immunosuppressive therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our case report re-iterates that physicians should maintain a high index for suspicion of AAV as a potentially life-threatening adverse effect in patients receiving carbimazole who develop systemic disease consistent with vasculitis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE AMONGST OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA PATIENTS
Authors: Phong Teck Lee, Lohendran Baskaran, John Allen, Weng Kit Lye, Fk Cheah, Felix Keng, Thun How Ong, Song Tar Toh, Swee Yaw Tan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Cerebral Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomographic Findings in X-Linked Adrenoleukodystrophy
Authors: S Bakheet, M Al-Essa, Z Patay, J Al-Watban, G Dhaunsi, J Powe, P T Ozand
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxygluclose (F-18 FDG) scan findings are reported in a 10-year-old boy with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) who was evaluated for progressive encephalopathy, which is characteristic of the disease. The brain MRI study showed typical white matter abnormalities in the parietal and occipital lobes. The subsequent F-18 FDG revealed hypometabolic activity in the cerebral cortex, most prominently in the occipital lobes and particularly in the visual cortex. There was evidence of a gradient of diffusely increased glucose metabolism in most of the cerebral white matter. These changes were most prominent in the parietal and temporal lobes and less marked in the occipital areas. The functional changes demonstrated by the F-18 FDG scan were more extensive than the structural abnormalities demonstrated by MRI and better correlated with the the patient's rapid neurologic deterioration. Brain F-18 FDG positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging is helpful in the accurate delineation of the involved areas and in monitoring the progression of the demyelinating process in the different stages of this disease. The results also suggest that F-18 FDG PET may be useful in detecting demyelinating diseases associated with inflammation.
Fulminating Fat Embolism Syndrome Caused by Paradoxical Embolism through a Patent Foramen Ovale
Authors: Alastair C. H. Pell, David Hughes, John Keating, James Christie, Anthony Busuttil, George R. Sutherland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The post-traumatic fat embolism syndrome is a multisystem disorder characterized by pulmonary and neurologic dysfunction, pyrexia, and a petechial rash1–4. More than a century after the first descriptions of the fat embolism syndrome, the cause of fat emboli and the pathogenesis of the systemic manifestations of this disorder remain incompletely understood. We describe a patient undergoing treatment of a femoral fracture in whom massive fat embolism was demonstrated by transesophageal echocardiography. Acute cor pulmonale developed, precipitating paradoxical fat embolism across a patent foramen ovale, with the subsequent development of the fat embolism syndrome. Embolism of fat across a . . .
SAT0125 Association of Rituximab Levels to Clinical Response and B Cell Recovery in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: M. Sarmiento Guevara, C. Diaz Torne, M. A. Ortiz, N. Torres, D. Nagore, C. Diaz Lopez, C. Geli, J. M. de Llobet, C. Juarez, S. Vidal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab effects in rheumatoid arthritis patients have been extensively described in the literature. However, kinetics of rituximab levels in serum and their association with the clinical and immunological changes in these patients remain unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty five patients were treated with three courses of rituximab (one course: 1000 mg administered intravenously on days 1 and 15). Levels of rituximab in the serum were determined by ELISA (Promonitor ®-RTX) before initiating each treatment course (t=0d) and at 30, 90 and 180 days. We then analyzed the association of serum rituximab levels with changes in DAS28, PCR, ESR, IgG, IgM and IgA levels, B cell frequency, RF and C3 and C4 complement. <h3>Results</h3> The peak of rituximab levels was observed at 30 days after initiating each course. Rituximab levels ranged from 13000 to115000 ng/ml at 30d. At 90d levels decreased significantly, but they were still detectable in 80% of patients. Those patients with higher levels in the first course of the treatment presented also higher levels in the second and third courses. No anti-rituximab antibodies were detected during follow-up. To analyze the association of rituximab levels with clinical and immunological parameters, patients were segregated in two groups according to 30d-rituximab levels: group H ( &gt;56000 pg/ml) (52% of patients) and group L (&lt;55000pg/ml) (48% of patients) (Table 1). Both groups of patients were comparable before treatment. EULAR response was achieved in 63.4% of Group H patients and 88.9% of group L patients. The decrease of DAS28 was 42% higher in Group L than in group H patients at 90d. Group L patients were also associated with a higher decrease of ESR (p&lt;0.038) at 180d. Depletion of B cells was comparable in the two groups but CD19+ cell recovery was earlier in the peripheral blood of group H patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lower levels of rituximab in serum were associated with a better clinical response and later B cell recovery. Circulating levels of rituximab may be conditioned by the relocation of rituximab to the extravascular compartment. In this extravascular compartment, rituximab could thus expand its mechanism of action beyond the peripheral blood. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0179 Clinical guidelines-what is it? and are they really useful in my daily practice?
Authors: H. Lund
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Patients, authorities and the professional themselves ask today for evidence-based examinations, prognosis, and treatments. However, the amount of available research results is both the reason and the problem of this demand. While enough research gives the clinician a real opportunity to based practice on the evidence, the huge amount of research make it also very difficult to find all the relevant research results for a specific clinical question. For almost 20 years the Cochrane Collaboration and a number of journals have published systematic reviews in order to systematically combine all research results within a certain clinical area. However, one thing is a summary and overview of the results from the existing research, another question is what do these results mean for my daily practice? A Clinical Guideline (CG) is a method to deal with exactly that. By identifying all relevant research results, evaluating the quality of the research, summing up the results (for instance by meta-analyses) and by involving both clinical practitioners, researchers and not at least patients in interpreting these results, it is possible to formulate specific recommendations for the clinical practice. Even though the amount of research is high, there are of course still some questions the research hasn’t found the answer to yet. Still the patients need to be treated, and thus many CG include recommendations solely based upon the experience from clinical practice. Experience from the clinic is of course not as trustworthy as results from good research, but by performing a systematic collection of clinical experience, the authors of the CG have a much better foundation for interpreting the research results and thereby formulate relevant recommendations. In many cases, the authors of the CG have tested the recommendations in clinical practice before publishing. Further, the CG is often evaluated by an external referee group consisting of researchers, practitioners and patients, also before publishing. In other words, a CG is a very judicious and useful document for all clinicians. The lecture will present how a CG is developed, evaluated and suggestions for use of CG in clinical will be given. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of a CG are discussed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Say What You Mean, Mean What You Say
Authors: Amanda Fantry
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P4-20-01: Multicentric Phase II PACS 09/Beverly1 Trial: First Efficacy and Safety Results of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined with Bevacizumab in HER2−Negative Patients with Non-Metastatic Inflammatory Breast Cancer.
Authors: P Viens, T Petit, F Dalenc, JY Pierga, T Delozier, G Romieu, J Bonneterre, J-M Ferrero, P Kerbrat, M-A Mouret-Reynier, T Bachelot, P Soulie, F Lerebours, J-C Eymard, M Deblock, A Lortholary, A-C Hardy-Bessard, J-M Boher, B Asselain, E Charafe-Jauffret, J Lemonnier, A-L Martin, F Andre
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a relatively rare form of breast cancer. Because this disease exhibits angiogenic properties, bevacizumab (BEV) may improves the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in IBC. Methods: Pts with HER2−negative IBC (IHC 0 or 1+ or FISH/CISH-, T4d, any N) were included to receive 4 cycles of FEC100 + BEV 15 mg/kg, d1 q3w, followed by 4 cycles of Docetaxel 100 mg/m2 + BEV 15 mg/kg q3w. Complete surgery was performed 4–6 weeks after the last dose of CT, followed by radiotherapy and endocrine therapy for hormone receptor positive (HR+) pts. BEV was re-introduced as adjuvant therapy for 10 cycles, giving a total of 18 cycles of BEV. The primary endpoint of the PACS09/Beverly1 trial was to evaluate the pathologic complete response (pCR; Sataloff classification) rate in HER2−negative non-metastatic IBC patients(pts). Results: Between Jan 2009 and Sep 2010, 101 pts were included (100 pts were evaluable). Main baseline characteristics were: median age 49 years; postmenopausal status, 39 pts; SBR 2, 32 pts SBR3 61 pts, both HR-negative, 55 pts. 85 pts completed neoadjuvant therapy according to the protocol, ***.90 pts underwent complete mastectomy, 4 had a breast-conservative surgery. After neoadjuvant treatment, investigator-assessed pCR rate was 27% (18%-36%, CI 95%). Interestingly, a significantly greater proportion of pCR rate was observed in the HR-negative group compared to HR-positive group (38% vs 13% respectively; p=0.007). Results from central review of pCR are currently in progress. Main Grade 3,4 toxicities were: neutropenia (61 pts),febrile neutropenia (36 pts),mucitis (23 pts) Neither gr3/4 HTA nor cardiac failure or proteinuria was reported. There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: These data suggest that the use of BEV with neoadjuvant CT is active in HER2−negative IBC (pCR rate 27%), with an acceptable safety profile. Interestingly, the HR-negative subgroup is significantly more responsive than the HR-positive subgroup. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-20-01.
Abstract 5045: miR-10b mediates melanoma progression induced by BRAFV600E
Authors: Ila J. Datar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The protein kinase BRaf plays an important role in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway initiated by Ras. Raf, after activated by Ras activates Erk and its downstream effectors to carry out normal cellular functions, which include differentiation, proliferation, survival and senescence. BRafV600E mutation has been implicated in 50-60% of all melanoma cases. It is a constitutively active mutation that has been linked to the progression of melanoma. Many microRNAs have been implicated in cancer proliferation and metastasis. Of special interest is the miR-10b, which is known to play a crucial role in tumor invasion and metastasis as previously observed in a mouse mammary tumor model. Our preliminary data show that miR-10b was upregulated in melanoma cell-lines that carried either N-Ras gain-of-function mutation or BRafV600E. BRafV600E knockdown in melanoma cell lines reduces the expression of TWIST, a transcriptional activator of miR-10b, as well as the expression of miR-10b. Further, BrafV600E is known to mediate senescence through several factors including the transcriptional regulator DMTF1. Concordantly, we detected an increase in the expression of DMTF1 on BRafV600E knockdown. Thus, we hypothesize that in melanoma, BRafV600E activates the expression of TWIST which then activates miR-10b, leading to inhibition of DMTF1 and ultimately a failure to bring about cell-cycle arrest. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5045. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5045
353 INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I ENHANCES BILE-DUCT PROLIFERATION AND FIBROSIS IN ABCB4−/− MICE
Authors: A. Sokolovic, C.M. Rodriguez-Ortigosa, L. ten Bloemendaal, N. Juanarena, S. Arcelus, R.P.J. Oude Elferink, J. Prieto, P. Bosma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
A8.6 A novel therapeutic approach in systemic rheumatic autoimmune disorders: encapsulated human umbilical cord wharton jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: A Alunno, P Montanucci, O Bistoni, G Basta, S Caterbi, T Pescara, I Pennoni, E Bartoloni, R Calafiore, R Gerli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> hUCMS are adult stem cells able to exert immune-modulatory either via cell-cell contact or by the secretion of soluble mediators including indoleamine 2–3 dioxygenase (IDO) and HLA-G. We recently developed an endotoxin-free alginate matrix which can be used to microencapsulate (CpS) different cell types and grafted into a non-immunosuppressed host. We previously performed a phase I trial grafting encapsulated pancreatic islets in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). To date, data concerning therapeutic application of hUCMS in systemic and organ-specific autoimmune disorders are rather scarce and controversial. In addition, grafting procedures of free hUCMS are limited by safety issues. In this study we aimed to assess the <i>in vitro</i> immune-modulatory effects of CpS-hUCMS on T cells isolated from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). <h3>Methods</h3> Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from SLE and pSS patients and from healthy donors (HD) to establish co-cultures with CpS-hUCMS at different ratios. Lymphocyte proliferation and phenotypic analysis before and after culture was performed by flow cytometry and real-time PCR. Phenotypic analysis of hUCMS was performed by real time PCR and western blotting. <h3>Results</h3> CpS-hUCMS were able to inhibit pSS and HD PBMC cell proliferation but not SLE PBMC cell proliferation. Of interest, in pSS and HD such inhibition was even more evident by progressively reducing hUCMS in culture. In pSS CpS-hUCMS inhibited Th1 and Th17 arm of effector T cells as well as potentiated the T regulatory cell counterpart. The evaluation of soluble molecules produced by hUCMS in such a system revealed a peculiar milieu responsible for the phenotypic and functional effects exerted on pSS PBMCs. Additional studies to understand the lack of efficacy in SLE and design different <i>in vitro</i> systems are currently ongoing. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Since CpS-hUCMS appear to rebalance Treg/Th17 ratio in pSS, this may suggest possible therapeutic effects by using this technology <i>in vivo</i>.
Case 27-1992
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, C.M. Ferguson, S. Saini, K. Lewandrowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Presentation of CaseA 20-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of increasing abdominal pain.The patient was well until three years earlier, when an upper gastrointestinal series, performed elsewhere, showed two gastric ulcers; cimetidine was prescribed, with improvement, and a later upper gastrointestinal series revealed healing of the ulcers.Two years before entry the patient began to experience intermittent dysuria, without urinary frequency or urgency. Two-and-a-half months before admission he began to have bouts of periumbilical pain, accompanied by constipation, diarrhea, and one episode of hematochezia. One month before entry he experienced pain in the epigastrium, with radiation . . .