tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1866: (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate suppresses azoxymethane-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions in rats by inhibiting the expression and activation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
Authors: Kengo Ogawa, Takeshi Hara, Masahito Shimizu, Hisashi Tsurumi, Takuji Tanaka, Hisataka Moriwaki
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Immune escape is involved in the development and progression of several types of tumors. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) plays a critical role in the induction of immune tolerance. (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major biologically active component of green tea, exerts cancer chemopreventive and anti-carcinogenic effects in various organs. In the present study, we examined the effects of EGCG and 1-methyl-tryptophan (1-MT), an IDO inhibitor, on the development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic preneoplastic lesions in F344 rats by focusing on the inhibition of IDO activation. To induce colonic premalignant lesions, male F344 rats were given two weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body weight). They also received drinking water containing 0.1% EGCG or 0.2% 1-MT for 4 weeks, starting 1 week before the first dose of AOM. At sacrifice, drinking water with EGCG and 1-MT significantly decreased the total number of aberrant crypt foci and β-catenin accumulated crypts, which overexpresses IDO protein, compared with the control untreated-rats. Drinking EGCG decreased the expression levels of IDO mRNA on the colonic mucosa of experimental rats. In addition, the enzyme activity of IDO, which was estimated by measuring the serum concentration of kynurenine and tryptophan, was also significantly inhibited by treatment with EGCG and 1-MT. These findings suggest that the up-regulation of IDO is associated with colon carcinogenesis and EGCG prevents this carcinogenesis by inhibiting the expression and activation of IDO. Targeting IDO by using EGCG or IDO inhibitor might be, therefore, a promising strategy for the prevention of colon cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1866. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1866
A1.17 Podoplanin and its ligand CLEC-2 restrain synovial inflammation
Authors: GE Desanti, AJ Naylor, L Navarro Núñez, AN Saghir, DL Hardie, SP Watson, CD Buckley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> During synovial inflammation, platelets and their microparticles escape from the vasculature to fuel the synovial membrane with pro-inflammatory factors leading to the activation of synovial fibroblasts (SF) that actively contribute to joint damage.<sup>1</sup> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) show an up-regulation of surface protein Podoplanin (PDPN) on SF.<sup>2,3</sup> Although the function of PDPN is still poorly understood, recent data suggest that PDPN ligation to its ligand CLEC-2 can modulate cellular responses. Within the RA synovium, platelets are considered the sole source of CLEC-2.<sup>3</sup> Despite these observations, clear experimental approaches that explore the role of PDPN/CLEC-2 interactions in RA are lacking. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> PDPN expression by freshly isolated mouse synoviocytes was measured by flow cytometry during joint inflammation and after resolution. Tamoxifen-inducible <i>Clec1b </i>deletion mice (TIC mice) were used to assess the disease severity in absence of CLEC-2. CLEC-2 deletion was confirmed on circulating platelets by flow cytometry. Arthritis was induced by anti-collagen antibodies and LPS injections. The disease severity was monitored by body weight, clinical scores, ankle and paw thicknesses. Bone erosion and bone remodelling were studied by MicroCT scans and 3D reconstructions. <h3>Results</h3> Joint inflammation triggers PDPN up-regulation on SF and an accumulation of PDPN+ leucocytes in the synovium. These high levels of PDPN expression disappear when inflammation resolved. In absence of CLEC-2, arthritis is more severe, bone erosion and bone remodelling are more pronounced. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this work, we provide the first <i>in vivo</i> evidence that PDPN/CLEC-2 interactions act to restrain arthritis by showing that ablation of CLEC-2 expression leads to worse arthritis, bone erosion and bone remodelling. These observations suggest that platelets, known for promoting joint inflammation, also contribute to the suppression of arthritis in a CLEC-2 dependent manner. The mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory process are currently under investigation. <h3>References</h3> Boilard E, <i>et al</i>. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012;8:534–542 Ekwall AK, <i>et al</i>. Arthritis Res Ther<i>. </i>2011;<b>13</b>:R40 Del Rey MJ, <i>et al</i>. PLoS One. 2014;<b>9</b>:e0099607
AB0868 The relation between different disease activity parameters and functional status in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: S.E. Demir, E. Aytekin, L. Ozgonenel, A. Rezvani, Y.P. Dogan, N.S. Caglar, N. Ozaras, S. Tutun, M. Guler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> To evaluate disease activity is important for use in clinical practice, observational studies and clinical trials. There are different indexes to evaluate disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess the relation between diferent disease activity parameters and functional parameter (the AS Disease Activity Score (ASDAS), the Bath AS Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the Bath AS Functional Index (BASFI)) in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> Five hundred patients (158 women and 342 men) fulfilling New York criteria for the diagnosis of AS were enrolled in the study. Disease activity was assessed with BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR. Functional status was evaluated with BASFI. Statistical analysis were performed with SPSS for Windows. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age was 37.2±9.8. The mean disease duration was 7.5±7.1. Mean BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR scores were respectively 3.7±2.3, 1.7±0.8 and 2.6±1.1. The mean BASFI score was 2.7±2.4. BASFI was positively correlated with BASDAI, ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR scores (p&lt;0.001, r: 0.685; p&lt;0.001, r: 0.581; p&lt;0.001, r: 0.529 respectively). BASDAI was correlated with ASDAS-CRP and ASDAS-ESR (p&lt;0.001, r: 0.745; p&lt;0.001, r: 0.674 respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In clinical practice, ASDAS which is a new feasible, objective and discriminative composite index could be used to determine disease activity in patients with AS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract P3-01-02: Quantitative Analysis and Diagnostic Significance of Methylated SLC19A3 DNA in the Plasma of Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: EKO Ng, C Leung, VY Shin, A Chan, CLPL Wong, ESK Ma, HC Jin, KM Chu, A. Kwong
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Previously, we have examined the methylation status of SLC19A3 (solute carrier family 19, member 3) promoter and found that SLC19A3 was epigenetically down-regulated in gastric cancer. Here, we aim to develop a new biomarker for cancer diagnosis using methylated SLC19A3 DNA in plasma. Methods: SLC19A3 gene expression was examined by RT-qPCR. Methylation status of SLC19A3 promoter was evaluated by methylation-specific qPCR. A robust and simple methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme digestion and real-time quantitative PCR assay was developed to quantify SLC19A3 DNA methylation in plasma. Results: Expression of SLC19A3 was significantly down-regulated in 80% (12/15) of breast tumors (P &amp;lt; 0.005). Breast tumors had significant increase in methylation percentage when compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues (P &amp;lt; 0.05). A total of 155 independent plasma samples from participants including 60 breast cancer, 45 gastric cancer patients and 60 healthy subjects were analyzed. Plasma methylated SLC19A3 DNA yielded a ROC curve area of 77%, sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 60% in discriminating breast cancer from control subjects. This marker yielded a ROC curve area of 87%, sensitivity of 90.0% and specificity of 62% in discriminating gastric cancer from control subjects. Elevated level in plasma has been detected not only in advanced stages but also early stages of tumors. Intriguingly, of all DCIS cases from breast cancer patients this plasma marker generated a ROC value of 92%, sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 78% in discriminating DCIS cases from controls. Conclusions: These results suggested that aberrant SLC19A3 promoter hypermethylation in plasma may be a novel biomarker for early breast cancer diagnosis. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-02.
Abstract 4349: The tumor suppressor WTX is inactivated in a subset of pediatric tumors
Authors: Sara Akhavanfard, Miguel N. Rivera, Dora C. Dias-Santagata, Sara O. Vargas, Scott Pomeroy, Daniel A. Haber, A. John Iafrate
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract WTX is a recently identified tumor suppressor gene that is expressed during embryonic kidney development and that is inactivated by deletions and truncations in approximately 30% of Wilms tumors, the most common pediatric kidney cancer. Initial functional studies point to a role for this gene in Wnt signaling and WT1 mediated transcription. Given that WTX is also present in a variety of other tissues during development, we tested for potential involvement of WTX in other pediatric tumors. 25 hepatoblastomas, 87 rhabdomyosarcomas, 11 adrenocortical carcinomas, 15 pleuropulmonary blastomas, 30 neuroblastomas and 30 medulloblastomas were tested by 3 color- fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes corresponding to WTX (Xq11.1) and two flanking control sites. Discrete WTX deletions were identified in two cases, one hepatoblastoma and one rhabdomyosarcoma, and not in matched control tissues. Direct sequencing of the full WTX open reading frame in 24 hepatoblastomas, 27 rhabdomyosarcomas and 11 adrenocortical carcinomas did not reveal point mutations in these tumor types. CTNNB1 exon 3 mutations, which are present in Wilms tumor but generally do not overlap with WTX inactivation, were detected in 8 of 25 hepatoblastomas but not in the tumor with a WTX deletion. Our results indicate that WTX inactivation is a genetic event that occurs in other pediatric malignancies, albeit at a lower frequency than in Wilms tumors. Notably, tumors with evidence of WTX inactivation, Wilms tumor, hepatoblastoma and rhabdomyosarcoma, constitute a subset of pediatric tumors that are linked to abnormalities of the IGF2 locus on 11p15 in the Beckwith-Wiedemann overgrowth syndrome. Finally, the high frequency of WTX inactivation in Wilms tumors compared to other pediatric malignancies, points to the specificity of the connection between WTX and the kidney developmental pathways that are dysregulated in this disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4349. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4349
P38 Is nutritional status neglected in COPD patients admitted to hospital?
Authors: C. Jones, J. Suntharalingam
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Targeting nutritional status is a key issue in COPD. Studies have shown increased mortality in patients with low BMI1 which improves following weight gain.2 This study examines whether nutritional status is adequately assessed and acted upon in COPD patients admitted to a DGH. <h3>Method</h3> Patients admitted to the RUH, Bath with a COPD exacerbation over a 4-month period were prospectively included. Case notes were reviewed to determine whether BMI had been documented. If a BMI wasn9t documented, patients9 height and weight was measured allowing calculation of BMI. Notes were also assessed for dietician referrals, nutritional supplement prescription and whether patients had their weight monitored. Length of stay (LOS) and in-hospital survival data were collected. <h3>Results</h3> BMI was recorded in 25/51 of the patients included (mean age 74 yrs, 47% male.) In 88% of cases BMI had been estimated not calculated. Of these, 11/25 patients had had their BMI additionally calculated by the study investigators—4/11 patients had been estimated to have a normal BMI when in fact they were underweight. 13/51 patients had a BMI &lt;18. Patients with BMI &lt;18 had a lower percentage predicted FEV<sub>1</sub> (32% vs 52% p=0.02) and a lower Urea level (5.6 mmol/l vs 7.9 mmol/l p=0.04). 1/13 were referred to a dietician, 8/13 were prescribed nutritional supplements and nutrition wasn9t addressed in 4/14 patients. Only 4/14 patients had their weight monitored. Patients with a BMI&lt;18 exhibited similar in-hospital mortality (15.4% vs 18.4%) but had a higher LOS (26.8 days vs 15.5 days p=0.03). <h3>Conclusion</h3> BMI measurements were poorly recorded in patients admitted to hospital. Where BMI was recorded this was estimated, rather than calculated, leading to underreporting. Only 71% of patients with low BMIs received dietetic input or nutritional supplementation during their stay. Patients with a low BMI had a significantly longer LOS.
Colon sarcoidosis presenting with abdominal pain
Authors: Taha Bat, Charles Morgan, Robert Marx, Rebecca Bailey
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disease of unknown cause that is diagnosed on the basis of the history and demonstration of granulomas in involved organs in patients before the age of 50 years; peak incidence occurs between the ages of 20 and 39 years [1]. The gastrointestinal tract is involved in less than 1 % of all cases of sarcoidosis [1] [2]. The stomach is the most commonly involved part of the gastrointestinal tract, but reported locations range from the esophagus to the rectum. Sarcoidosis is usually diagnosed incidentally [1] [2] [3].
Characteristics and Prognostic Implications of Myosin Missense Mutations in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hugh Watkins, Anthony Rosenzweig, Dar-San Hwang, Tatjana Levi, William McKenna, Christine E. Seidman, J.G. Seidman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is characterized by a variable degree of myocardial hypertrophy and a wide range of symptoms. Different mutations in the β cardiac myosin heavy-chain gene have been identified in three affected families. However, neither the proportion of cases attributable to myosin mutations nor the effects of different mutations on clinical outcome are known.
S95 Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on cardiovascular risk factors in COPD
Authors: S. S. C. Kon, A. L. Clark, K. A. Ingram, R. P. Fowler, P. Marns, J. L. Canavan, M. S. Patel, M. I. Polkey, W. D. C. Man
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> Cardiovascular disease accounts for 27% of excess mortality seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This may be attributed to the coexistence of cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking exposure and physical inactivity. Increased arterial stiffness has been demonstrated in patients with COPD, and this is an independent predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. Recent studies have shown that pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can reduce blood pressure and arterial stiffness in COPD patients (Vivodtzev <i>et al</i>, 2009; Gale <i>et al</i>, 2011). However these studies comprised small numbers of highly selected patients. We investigated the effect of PR on resting blood pressure and heart rate in an unselected COPD population. <h3>Methods</h3> 179 consecutive COPD patients completing an 8-week outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation programme were recruited. Resting blood pressure, heart rate, incremental shuttle walk (ISW) and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ) were measured immediately before and after PR. Paired t test (or non-parametric equivalent) was used to test the effect of PR. <h3>Results</h3> Following PR, there was no significant change in systolic, diastolic, mean arterial pressure and heart rate in all patients with COPD, although ISW and CRDQ improved significantly (see Abstract S95 table 1). Subset analysis in 124 COPD patients with no coexisting cardiovascular disease, diabetes or malignancy, and 31 patients with known hypertension also showed no significant change in blood pressure or heart rate. <h3>Conclusions</h3> An 8-week outpatient PR programme has no effect upon resting heart rate or blood pressure in unselected patients with COPD.
Absence of FDG Uptake in a Trauma Patient With Compromised Vasculature as Evidence of Tissue Nonviability
Authors: Gang Cheng, Scott R Akers, Wichana Chamroonrat, Abass Alavi, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 29-year-old trauma patient underwent operation of revascularization of the injured left popliteal artery and open reduction internal fixation for the left femoral fractures. Subsequently, the patient developed severe pain in the distal left lower extremity. A CT angiogram revealed patent three-vessels of his left lower extremity. However, an FDG PET/CT demonstrated absence of FDG uptake in the left foot, which suggested soft-tissue nonviability. An amputation was performed the following day. The pathologic examination showed wide-spread necrosis of the entire left foot with extensive dry gangrene, which confirmed FDG PET/CT findings.
Nonmyeloablative stem cell transplantation in adults with high-risk ALL may be effective in early but not in advanced disease
Authors: R Arnold, G Massenkeil, M Bornhäuser, G Ehninger, DW Beelen, AA Fauser, U Hegenbart, B Hertenstein, AD Ho, W Knauf, HJ Kolb, K Kolbe, HG Sayer, R Schwerdtfeger, H Wandt, D Hoelzer
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
Tracheal Allograft after Withdrawal of Immunosuppressive Therapy
Authors: Pierre R Delaere, Jan J Vranckx, Margot Den Hondt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

This letter describes findings from an evaluation of a tracheal allotransplant at 2 years, documented with imaging studies and a video. Despite immunologic rejection of the donor mucosal lining, the tracheal cartilage appears to remain intact without immunosuppression.
Abstract 1161: The role of MED12 exon 2 mutations in histopathological variants of uterine leiomyoma
Authors: Netta Mäkinen, Johanna Arola, Pia Vahteristo, Heli J. Lehtonen, Ralf Bützow, Lauri A. Aaltonen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Uterine leiomyomas, or fibroids, are benign tumors affecting millions of women worldwide. They arise from the overgrowth of smooth muscle and connective tissue. Regardless of their benign nature, leiomyomas can cause considerable morbidity, such as abdominal pain, excessive bleeding, pregnancy complications and even infertility. They also pose a considerable socio-economic impact and are the most common cause for hysterectomy. Based on histopathology, uterine leiomyomas can be divided into various subtypes. Cellular, atypical and mitotically active fibroids are examples of relatively rare variants of common leiomyomas. Rarely, fibroids may undergo malignant transformation and develop into a leiomyosarcoma. We recently showed that MED12 (mediator complex subunit 12) exon 2 is mutated in approximately 70% of uterine leiomyomas (ref 1). The mutation hot spot affects an evolutionary conserved region of the MED12 protein. MED12 is part of a 26-subunit protein complex, which is thought to regulate global as well as gene-specific transcription by bridging DNA regulatory elements to the RNA polymerase II initiation complex. To study the frequency of MED12 exon 2 mutations in different histopathological variants of uterine leiomyoma, we analyzed 105 fibroids and 61 leiomyosarcomas by direct sequencing. Both rare histopathological variants and leiomyosarcomas harbored significantly less MED12 exon 2 mutations than common leiomyomas. The driver mutations underlying these lesions remain to be characterized. (1) N Mäkinen et al. (2011) MED12, the mediator complex subunit 12 gene, is mutated at high frequency in uterine leiomyomas. Science 14, 252-255. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1161. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1161
A Clinical and Bacteriologic Study of Infections Associated with Venous Cutdowns
Authors: John M. Moran, Roger P. Atwood, Marc I. Rowe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

INDWELLING plastic catheters placed by venesection ("cutdown") have become commonplace in the treatment of seriously ill patients in nearly every field of clinical practice. Cutdowns are utilized primarily in two settings: in emergencies or at surgery when a dependable intravenous route of large caliber is needed; and, more commonly, when intact superficial veins are no longer available for needle puncture in the course of prolonged hospitalization. Septic complications of cutdowns are frequent, ranging from local suppuration and phlebitis to systemic infection, and have been documented to some extent in the literature.1 2 3 4 5 For example, in a study from this hospital describing . . .
Abstract 716: High viral load is associated with poor postoperative survival in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tian Yang, Ronghua Zhao, Jian Zhai, Wei-Feng Yu, Guang-Shun Yang, Meng-Chao Wu, Jun-Hua Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background &amp; Aims: The aim of this prospective cohort study was to investigate the impact of preoperative hepatitis B viral load, as well as postoperative antiviral therapy, on the risk of long-term survival after curative resection of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods A prospective cohort of hepatitis B virus-related HCC patients undergoing curative resection from 2001 to 2007 was studied. According to preoperative viral load (using 10,000 copies/mL of hepatitis B virus DNA level as cut-off value), two groups were compared. Prognostic factors for overall survival and recurrence-free survival were evaluated. Additionally, subgroup analysis was conducted in patients with high viral load to investigate prediction of postoperative antiviral therapy on the long-term prognosis. Results With a median follow-up of 49.1 months, patients with high viral load had lower median overall survival (78.3 months vs. 111.4 months, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and RFS (44.6 months vs. 94.8 months, P &amp;lt; 0.001) compared with those with low viral load. Multivariate analysis revealed that preoperative high viral load was an independent risk factor affecting both overall survival and recurrence-free survival (both P &amp;lt; 0.001). The subgroup analysis revealed that postoperative antiviral therapy independently improved recurrence-free survival for patients with high viral load (P = 0.001). Conclusions Hepatitis B virus-related HCC patients with preoperative high viral load led to poorer overall and recurrence-free survival than those with low viral load after curative resection. To prevent postoperative recurrence, antiviral therapy should be initiated in those patients with hepatitis B virus DNA ≤ 10,000 copies/ml. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 716. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-716