tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized phase III trial of four cisplatin (CIS) containing doublet combinations in stage IVB, recurrent or persistent cervical carcinoma: a gynecologic oncology group (GOG) study.
Authors: B. J. Monk, M. Sill, D. S. McMeekin, D. E. Cohn, L. Ramondetta, C. H. Boardman, J. Benda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

LBA5504 Background: A prior GOG phase III study of CIS versus CIS + paclitaxel (PC) indicated that PC is superior in terms of response rate (RR 36% vs 19%, P=0.002) and progression-free survival (PFS 4.8 vs 2.8 mos., P<0.001) but not overall survival (OS 9.7 vs 8.8 mos.) among women with advanced or recurrent cervical cancer (J Clin Oncol 22:3113–3119,2004). Thus, PC became the reference arm for the current trial. Meanwhile, results of the subsequent phase III study showed that CIS + topotecan (TC) was superior to CIS in terms of OS (median 9.4 vs 6.5 mos., P=0.017), PFS and RR (J Clin Oncol 23:4626–4633, 2005). TC was then included into the current study along with 2 additional experimental arms to define the optimal CIS doublet. Methods: Patients with stage IVB, recurrent or persistent cancer not amenable to cure were randomized to paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 over 24 hrs + CIS 50 mg/m2 day 2 every 3 wks (PC, Reference Arm); vinorelbine 30 mg/m2 day 1 and 8 + CIS 50 mg/m2 day 1 every 3 wks (VC); gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 day 1 and 8 + CIS 50 mg/m2 day 1 every 3 wks (GC); Topotecan 0.75 mg/m2 days 1, 2, and 3 + CIS 50 mg/m2 day 1, every 3 wks (TC). A maximum of 600 patients were to be enrolled. A 33% decrease in the death rate relative to PC was considered important. The study was designed to detect such an effect with 85% power while keeping the familywise error rate to 5%. Results: Between May 2003 and April 2007, 513 patients were enrolled. In April 2007, a planned interim analysis recommended early closure since all experimental arms were unlikely to demonstrate a significant advantage compared to PC by the end of the study. The data are expected to mature by the spring of 2008. Conclusions: VC, GC, and TC are not superior to PC in terms of OS. Detailed results concerning OS, RR and PFS along with toxicity will be presented. Quality of life data (contained in another submitted abstract) will be important in defining optimal therapy in this setting. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Summer&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Methotrexate osteopathy demonstrated by Technetium-99m HDP bone scintigraphy.
Authors: H Stevens, J W Jacobs, P P Van Rijk, J M De Klerk
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

The authors report a case of methotrexate osteopathy as revealed by Tc-99m HDP bone scintigraphy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. Methotrexate is used widely in high doses as a chemotherapeutic agent. Lower doses are given in rheumatoid and psoriatric arthritis. Methotrexate affects bone metabolism, resulting in methotrexate osteopathy, characterized by osteoporosis, osseus pain, and even spontaneous (micro)fractures. Radiographic visualization of microfractures is difficult. Tc-99m HDP bone scans have been shown to be very sensitive in the visualization of changes in bone metabolism as a result of methotrexate osteopathy.
Pediatric Surgery
Authors: N S Adzick, M L Nance
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Childhood CancerCancer is a leading cause of death in children, second only to accidental injury, and is responsible for approximately 10 percent of deaths in children. More than 10,000 new cases of childhood cancer are diagnosed each year in the United States. The rapid strides that have been made in the treatment of childhood cancer are largely the result of studies by national groups of investigators. Indeed, the Pediatric Oncology Group and the Children's Cancer Group are being consolidated into a single entity called the Children's Oncology Group, which should further facilitate cooperative trials in the treatment of pediatric . . .
Combined modality treatment for stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx
Authors: J. M. Hwang, H. Cosmatos, A. Rao, V. Chiu, R. Wang, R. Kagan, H. Jim, M. Tome
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5609 Background: Traditional tx for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] of oropharynx [OPX] has been oncologic resection + adjuvant RT. In recent years, organ preserving therapy with chemoradiation [CRT] has emerged. This study compares outcomes of patients (pts) treated with these combined modalities [CM]. Methods: 1998–2001: 30 pts with Stage IV SCC of OPX were judged by our Multi-disciplinary Head & Neck Tumor board to be candidates for definitive CM and given choice of either: 1) Concurrent Taxol or Cisplatin based CRT or 2) Composite resection, neck dissection & adjuvant RT [SRT]. Results: 14 received CRT (11 Taxol and 3 Cisplatin): 7(50%) tonsillar fossa (TF) and 7(50%) base of tongue (BOT): 8T3, 6T4, 2N0, 1N1, 3N2a, 1N2b, 3N2c, and 4N3. Med RT 70 Gy. 7 reqd RT break (Mean 3 days). 8(57%) reqd PEG during RT and 3(21%) 1-year post-RT. 1 pt developed osteoradionecrosis of the maxilla. There were 3(21%) with locally persistent disease post-tx, 1(7%) LR and 4(29%) DM. 6(43%) alive with no evidence of disease (NED), 2(14%) alive with disease (AWD), 5(36%) dead of disease (DOD), and 1(7%) dead of intercurrent disease (DID). 16 received SRT: 12(75%) TF and 4(25%) BOT, of clinical stage: 11T1, 5T4, 1N0, 1N1, 6N2a, 5N2b, 1N2c, and 2N3. Margins: 12 neg, 1 close, and 3 pos. 15 had flap reconstruction. Med RT 60 Gy. 6 reqd RT break (Mean 3.5 days). There were 2 fistulas and 2 hardware infections. 4 (25%) reqd PEG during RT, and 1 at 1 year post-RT. There were 2(13%) LR and 2(13%) DM. 10(63%) NED, 4(25%) DOD, 1(6%) DID, and 1 lost to f/u. Med f/u 135 wks. Med KPS 80. Time to med overall survival (OS) has not been reached. Kaplan-Meier projected 3-year analysis showed no stat difference between CRT and SRT, with regards to: OS 56% vs 59% (p=0.58), Progression-free survival 45% vs. 65% (P=0.15), DM-free survival 56% vs. 77% (p=0.18) or Local control 71% vs. 86% (p=0.30), respectively. For those DOD, med time to death was 45 weeks post-RT. Of the 12 requiring PEG during RT (40%), 8 were BOT. BOT reqd PEG during RT more frequently compared with TF (73% vs. 21%). Conclusions: In our series of Stage IV SCC OPX, there was no stat difference in 3-year outcomes between CRT and SRT in terms of OS, PFS, DMFS, and LC. Tx with CM is tolerable in pts with good KPS. BOT tumors reqd PEG more frequently. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration MedImmune
The Identification and Control of Helminths in Laboratory Animals&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Robert T. Habermann, DVM, Fletcher P. Williams, Jr., B.S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Journal Article The Identification and Control of Helminths in Laboratory Animals Get access Robert T. Habermann, DVM, Robert T. Habermann, DVM National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fletcher P. Williams, Jr., B.S. Fletcher P. Williams, Jr., B.S. National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 5, May 1958, Pages 979–1009, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.5.979 Published: 01 May 1958
Fertility and Cancer of the Breast and of the Uterine Cervix. Comparisons between Rates of Pregnancy in Women with Cancer at These and Other Sites
Authors: Alexander G. Gilliam
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1951)

Fertility and Cancer of the Breast and of the Uterine Cervix. Comparisons between Rates of Pregnancy in Women with Cancer at These and Other Sites Get access Alexander G. Gilliam Alexander G. Gilliam Epidemiology Section, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 12, Issue 2, October 1951, Pages 287–304, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/12.2.287 Published: 01 October 1951 Article history Received: 30 April 1951 Published: 01 October 1951
FRI0537 Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Aspiration or Fragmentation in Patients with Shoulder Calcified Tendinitis: Short- and Long-Term Results
Authors: E. Casado, M. Arévalo, L. Lluís, H. Costa, C. Orellana, C. Galisteo, J. Gratacόs, M. Larrosa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Shoulder calcified tendinitis can be a very disabling condition in some patients. Conservative pharmacological treatment with NSAIDs and steroid injections can be ineffective, and some patients can require surgery. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the short- and long-term efficacy of percutaneous ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration or fragmentation in patients with shoulder calcified tendinitis, that had failed to NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections. <h3>Methods</h3> From October 2009 to October 2014 all consecutive patients with shoulder calcification (≥1 cm) by X-ray who have chronic shoulder pain (VAS ≥5), and that had failed to treatment with NSAIDs and at least 1 local steroid injection were included. All included patients were treated by ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration or fragmentation of the calcification. For this technique the patient was placed lying on his back on a stretcher, with his shoulder in neutral position or mild internal rotation. With a high-frequency probe (5-13 Mhz) of a Siemens Acuson Antares ultrasound, we localized the calcification, and after a local anaesthetic injection, we arbitrarily decided to perform aspiration or fragmentation of the calcification. Finally steroids were injected in the subdeltoid bursa in all patients. The efficacy on patient shoulder pain was assessed by VAS at baseline, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. A shoulder X-ray was performed before and 2-3 months after the technique. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-eight patients (39 women) were included. Mean age 49.2±8.7 years (range 29-66). Main duration of symptoms was 50.9±43.1 months. The baseline shoulder pain was 8.0±1.2. One month after the procedure 88% (51/58) of the patients had improved (VAS 2.0±2.3), and 19 patients had VAS=0, without any differences between the 2 techniques. Just 4 patients had not improved, and 3 patients had worsened. A complete disappearance of calcification was seen in 53% of the cases by X-ray. In 38% of the cases the calcification was markedly reduced, and less than 10% showed no changes in the size of the calcification. At 3, 6, 12 and 24 months 52% (31/58), 37.5% (21/56), 30% (17/56) and 25% (14/55) of patients remained asymptomatic or just had minimal symptoms, without requiring other treatments. We didn9t observe any case of tendon rupture or other complications excepting self-limited local pain at 48-72 hours after the technique. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Ultrasound-guided percutaneous aspiration or fragmentation seems to be an effective and safe option in patients with refractory shoulder calcified tendinitis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTH-161 The effects of immunonutrition in upper gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: CS Wong, EH Aly
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The beneficial of immunonutrition on overall morbidity and mortality remains uncertain. We undertook a systematic review to evaluate the effects of immune-enhancing enteral nutrition (IEN) in upper gastrointestinal (GI) surgery. <h3>Method</h3> Main electronic databases [MEDLINE via Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registry (ClinicalTrial.gov)] were searched for studies reported clinical outcomes comparing standard enteral nutrition (SEN) and immunonutrition (IEN). The systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and meta-analysis was analysed using fixed and random-effects models. <h3>Results</h3> Nineteen RCTs with a total of 2016 patients (1017 IEN and 999 SEN) were included in the final pooled analysis. IEN significantly reduced post-operative wound infection (risk ratio (RR) 0.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50 to 0.94). Although, the combined results showed that IEN had a shorter hospital stay (RR –2.51 days, 95% CI –3.47 to –1.55), there was significant heterogeneity observed across these studies. There was no statistically significant benefit on other post-operative morbidities of interest (e.g. anastomotic leak and pulmonary infection) and mortality. <h3>Conclusion</h3> IEN decreases wound infection rates and reduces length of stay. It can be recommended as routine nutritional support in upper GI surgery. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Unstable genes--unstable mind?
Authors: A Petronis, J L Kennedy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Over the past 3 years, reports of DNA alteration in myotonic dystrophy, fragile X syndrome (types A and E), Kennedy's disease, Huntington's disease, spinocerebellar ataxia type 1, and dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy have identified a new class of human mutation, referred to as trinucleotide repeat amplification. All available evidence suggests that this unstable trinucleotide repeat DNA is the biological basis of the clinical phenomenon of genetic anticipation. Two components of anticipation, greater severity and earlier age at onset in subsequent generations, have been widely observed in schizophrenia and bipolar affective disorder. Thus, a reanalysis of the genetics of major psychosis from the perspective of unstable DNA is of significant interest.The authors reviewed the available literature on anticipation and related phenomena in major psychosis and reevaluated the family, twin, and adoption study data.The unstable DNA concept competes well with the traditional multifactorial polygenic theory; many deviations from a single gene mode of inheritance in psychiatric twin and family studies, which previously served as strong proof for more than one etiologic gene, can be easily explained by the non-Mendelian behavior of unstable DNA. In addition, this new paradigm provides a simple explanation for unclear issues in the genetics of major psychosis, such as the identical rate of psychosis in the offspring of discordant monozygotic twins.The major advantage of the unstable DNA hypothesis over the multifactorial polygenic theory lies in the possibility of falsifying the unstable DNA hypothesis by two independent laboratory strategies: a classical linkage analysis and a set of novel methods for the direct detection of unstable DNA sites.
Comparison of the Characteristics of Increased Adrenocortical Function in Obesity and in Cushing's Syndrome
Authors: D E SCHTEINGART, R I GREGERMAN, J W CONN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Geographical clustering of cases of infection with moxifloxacin-resistant Clostridium difficile PCR-ribotypes 012, 017 and 046 in Sweden, 2008 and 2009
Authors: T Åkerlund, I Alefjord, U Dohnhammar, J Struwe, T Norén, K Tegmark-Wisell, Collective the Swedish C. difficile Study Group
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

We report the results of two nationwide surveillance studies of Clostridium difficile infection conducted during 2008 and 2009 in Sweden. The first study aimed to identify and quantify the proportion of C. difficile isolates with decreased susceptibility to moxifloxacin, particularly those of PCR-ribotype 027. From December 2007 to September 2008, 20 of 28 regional laboratories sent 585 isolates to the Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control for typing. A majority of the isolates (454 of 585; 78%) belonged to four PCR ribotypes (012, SE37, 017 and 046), all clustered in geographical regions. Only two type 027 isolates were found, both from the same patient. In the second study, involving all 28 regional laboratories, all consecutive C. difficile isolates collected during two time periods in 2009 (n=364) were typed and tested for susceptibility to clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin, metronidazole and vancomycin. The three most common PCR ribotypes were SE21, 001 and 020 (22% of all isolates). Types 012, 017, and 046 were geographically clustered and associated with decreased susceptibility to moxifloxacin, clindamycin and erythromcin. The extent of moxifloxacin prescription was highly variable among counties, indicating a need for careful monitoring of prescription rates to follow its role in C. difficile epidemiology.
Medicine and books: Palliative Care Ethics: A Good Companion
Authors: Michael Minton
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Fiona Randall, R S Downie 

Oxford University Press, £19.50, pp 160 

ISBN 0 19 262632 9 

Currently, society is trying to cope with medicine’s rapidly increasing knowledge base and technological sophistication, while recognising the need to respect individuals and their rights. We urgently need to clarify society’s moral principles so that we can balance the sometimes competing needs of individuals and society. 

Attempts to safeguard these principles have led to a burgeoning of advice on ethical matters. While some critics have deprecated the “ethics industry,” I believe that the current level of activity reflects the difficulties we face. At this point, overproduction of ideas seems preferable to underproduction. Most of us, however, will need help in charting a path through the maze of argument and assertion. 

This book tries to provide healthcare professionals with clear ethical guidance for many of the situations they face when looking after patients with advanced, life threatening disease. Most chapters deal ably and uncontroversially with the complex decisions concerning physical care, such as end of life decisions, autonomy, and confidentiality. 

When they come to psychosocial care, however, the authors seem prepared to ruffle a few feathers by raising moral concerns about the style and potential intrusiveness of some professionals’ behaviour. They challenge the teaching of “communication skills” if the end result is feigned behaviour rather than natural, spontaneous interaction. The authors argue that no shared knowledge base exists for normal human emotions and that we rely on our own experiences to help us in this domain. 

When being taught communication skills, some medical students feel uncomfortable with the patient centred approach, commenting that it is too “touchy feely” for them. Nevertheless, follow up studies show that students who have been taught such skills are better at eliciting and dealing with emotional issues than those who have not. This area seems one where we must combine intuitive skills with the evolving knowledge base. Airing the debate gives the book a thread of excitement and ensures that it is more than merely a textbook. 

Many of us find that reading about ethics is difficult. A healthcare team that is interested in ethical issues but is finding it difficult to assimilate them just by reading might consider forming a book club to debate the chapters of this book.