tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P25 Quantitative comparison of microbubble ultrasound techniques for the assessment of hepatic fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: J Cobbold, D Patel, J F L Cobbold, J Fitzpatrick, M M E Crossey, N Patel, H C Thomas, S D Taylor-Robinson
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  There is increasing interest in the development of imaging-based non-invasive markers for the assessment of chronic liver disease severity. Contrast enhanced ultrasound uses microbubbles as kinetic tracers to assess liver disease severity by exploiting the intra- and extra-hepatic haemodynamic changes accompanying fibrosis and cirrhosis. Transit times of a peripherally administered microbubble bolus are reduced with increasing disease severity. Transit times have previously been calculated to include intra- and extra- hepatic components (the hepatic vein transit time, HVTT) or just the intra-hepatic component (hepatic transit time, HTT), but diagnostic accuracy has not been compared directly.  Aim  The aims of this study were: 1. to compare the diagnostic accuracy of HVTT and HTT in gauging the severity of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and 2. to assess the inter- and intra-observer reliability of the microbubble technique.  Method  75 patients with biopsy-proven CHC were studied, staged using the Ishak system. Recordings of Doppler US scans performed using the microbubble contrast agent SonoVueTM, were retrospectively analysed by two independent observers, blinded to clinical data, to determine the HVTT, defined as the time taken for the microbubble to travel from the antecubital vein to the hepatic vein, and the HTT, defined as the difference between the hepatic vein arrival time and the hepatic artery arrival time. Each patient had two recordings (with separate microbubble injections) at a 10 min interval. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using the area under the receiver operator characteristic (AUROC) curve. Inter- and intra- observer reliability and inter-injection reliability were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).  Results  35 patients had mild fibrosis (stage 0–2), 23 had moderate-to-severe fibrosis (stage 3–4) and 17 had cirrhosis (stage 5–6). The diagnostic accuracy (95% CI) of HTT and HVTT for the diagnosis of cirrhosis (stage>4) were 0.78 (0.64–0.92) and 0.71 (0.55–0.86). Diagnostic accuracy (95% CI) of HTT and HVTT for the diagnosis of fibrosis stage >2 were 0.75 (0.65–0.86) and 0.71 (0.59–0.83). Inter-observer reliability (95% CI) for HTT and HVTT were 0.92 (0.87–0.95) and 0.94 (0.91–0.97). Intra-observer reliability for HTT and HVTT were 0.98 (0.97–0.99) and 0.99 (0.98–0.99); inter-recording reliability were0.97 (0.96–0.98) and 0.97 (0.95–0.98) respectively.  Conclusion  HTT is more accurate than HVTT for the diagnosis of cirrhosis and moderate-to-severe fibrosis, while the reliability both of repeated recordings and of operators9 assessment of recordings was very high. HTT reflects the intra-hepatic haemodynamic changes seen in more advanced chronic liver disease accounting for shorter transit times.
Heterogeneity in the lymphatic vascular system and its origin
Authors: Maria H. Ulvmar, Taija Mäkinen
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Lymphatic vessels have historically been viewed as passive conduits for fluid and immune cells, but this perspective is increasingly being revised as new functions of lymphatic vessels are revealed. Emerging evidence shows that lymphatic endothelium takes an active part in immune regulation both by antigen presentation and expression of immunomodulatory genes. In addition, lymphatic vessels play an important role in uptake of dietary fat and clearance of cholesterol from peripheral tissues, and they have been implicated in obesity and arteriosclerosis. Lymphatic vessels within different organs and in different physiological and pathological processes show a remarkable plasticity and heterogeneity, reflecting their functional specialization. In addition, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) of different organs were recently shown to have alternative developmental origins, which may contribute to the development of the diverse lymphatic vessel and endothelial functions seen in the adult. Here, we discuss recent developments in the understanding of heterogeneity within the lymphatic system considering the organ-specific functional and molecular specialization of LECs and their developmental origin.
Polydopamine‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide Loaded with Gold Nanostars and Doxorubicin for Combined Photothermal and Chemotherapy of Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Fengyang Wang, Qianqian Sun, Bing Feng, Zhiai Xu, Junying Zhang, Jie Xu, Linlin Lu, Haijun Yu, Mingwei Wang, Yaping Li, Wen Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Breast cancer is the leading cancer type diagnosed in the female population, and cancer metastasis is the main reason for cancer‐caused mortality. A novel nanoplatform is herein presented integrating polydopamine‐functionalized nanosized reduced graphene oxide (NRGO), gold nanostars (GNS), and doxorubicin (DOX) (denoted as NRGO‐GNS@DOX) for combinational treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Upon localized near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, the NRGO‐GNS@DOX nanocomposites induce significant cytotoxicity in 4T1 breast cancer cells due to a cumulative therapy effect of NRGO‐GNS‐elicited hyperthermia and DOX‐induced cytotoxicity. Antitumor studies in orthotopic 4T1 breast tumor‐bearing nude mice demonstrate that NRGO‐GNS@DOX in combination with NIR laser irradiation inhibit the tumor growth and suppress the lung metastasis. Contribution of DOX‐caused apoptosis of the cancer cells and hyperthermia‐induced deconstruction of the tumor‐associated blood vessels may account for the superior antitumor performance of the NRGO‐GNS@DOX nanocomposites. These results imply a good potential of NRGO‐GNS@DOX for combined photothermal and chemotherapy of the metastatic cancer.
PD6-2-5: FDG-PET in thymic epithelial tumors: Relationship between WHO histologic subtype and maximum tumor SUV
Authors: Kazuo Nakagawa, Masahiro Endo, Yasuhisa Ohde, Takehiro Okumura, Haruhiko Kondo, Toshiaki Takahashi, Haruyasu Murakami, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Ichiro Ito, Toru Kameya
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Incidence of Catheter-Related Venous Thromboembolism Events in Acute Leukemia patients; A Comparative, Retrospective Study of the Safety of Peripherally-Inserted Vs Centrally-Inserted Central Venous Catheters
Authors: Mohammad Refaei, Bruna Fernandes, Joseph Brandwein, M. Dawn Goodyear, Cynthia M Wu
Journal: Blood (2015)
Input-Specific Gain Modulation by Local Sensory Context Shapes Cortical and Thalamic Responses to Complex Sounds
Authors: Ross S. Williamson, Misha B. Ahrens, Jennifer F. Linden, Maneesh Sahani
Journal: Neuron (2016)

Sensory neurons are customarily characterized by one or more linearly weighted receptive fields describing sensitivity in sensory space and time. We show that in auditory cortical and thalamic neurons, the weight of each receptive field element depends on the pattern of sound falling within a local neighborhood surrounding it in time and frequency. Accounting for this change in effective receptive field with spectrotemporal context improves predictions of both cortical and thalamic responses to stationary complex sounds. Although context dependence varies among neurons and across brain areas, there are strong shared qualitative characteristics. In a spectrotemporally rich soundscape, sound elements modulate neuronal responsiveness more effectively when they coincide with sounds at other frequencies, and less effectively when they are preceded by sounds at similar frequencies. This local-context-driven lability in the representation of complex sounds—a modulation of "input-specific gain" rather than "output gain"—may be a widespread motif in sensory processing.
Plasma copeptin as biomarker of disease progression and prognosis in cirrhosis
Authors: Elsa Solà, Annarein J.C. Kerbert, Hein W. Verspaget, Rebeca Moreira, Elisa Pose, Pablo Ruiz, Raquel Cela, Manuel Morales-Ruiz, Eva López, Isabel Graupera, Cristina Solé, Patricia Huelin, Alex Amorós Navarro, Xavier Ariza, Rajiv Jalan, Núria Fabrellas, Daniel Benten, Gloria de Prada, François Durand, Wladimiro Jimenez, Johan J. van der Reijden, Javier Fernandez, Bart van Hoek, Minneke J. Coenraad, Pere Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Physical and functional well-being in women with breast cancer taking gabapentin for hot flashes.
Authors: Kavita Dayal Chandwani, Joseph Roscoe, Charles E Heckler, Supriya Gupta Mohile, Karen Michelle Mustian, Lisa Sprod, Michelle Christine Janelsins, Luke Joseph Peppone, Jeffrey J. Kirshner, Raymond S. Lord, Kishan J. Pandya, Thomas Guttuso, Gary R. Morrow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9141 Background: Hot flashes reduce quality of life (QOL) in women with breast cancer. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of gabapentin for hot flashes, 900 mg of the drug was found to reduce hot flashes in women with breast cancer; however, their QOL of has not been studied. We conducted secondary analyses to study two domains of QOL: physical (PWB) and functional well-being (FWB) in women in this trial. Methods: A nationwide sample of women with breast cancer and hot flashes ≥ 2/day was studied at baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2), and 8 weeks (T3) of treatment with gabapentin 300mg/day (G300) and 900mg/day (G900) in divided doses, and a matching placebo (PL). PWB and FWB were assessed via subscales of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast. Linear mixed model analyses of PWB and FWB were conducted, adjusted for demographic and treatment variables. Results: The mean age of women (N=384) was 54.9 years ± 8.07 (range: 31-81, 72% &gt;50 years); 76% were married; 71% had more than high school education; 95% were Caucasian and 3% African-American; 10% were undergoing chemotherapy, and 9% radiotherapy (RT). PWB showed significant time effect (p&lt;.0001) and interaction of time and treatment (p&lt;.0001). There was an improvement in PWB in the G300 by T2 with no change at T3, while the improvement in PL and G900 was more modest at T2 and continued at T3 (PL - T1 20.7, T2 21.2, T3 21.6; G300 - T1 20.9, T2 22.2, T3 22.2; and G900 - T1 21.2, T2 21.5, T3 21.7). FWB also showed a significant time effect (p=.001) and interaction of time and treatment (p&lt;.002). FWB in G300 improved by T2, with no additional improvement at T3; it was unchanged in G900 at T2 with a slight reduction at T3; PL showed a modest improvement at T2 followed by a modest worsening at T3 (PL - T1 17.8, T2 18.1, T3 17.9; G300 - T1 17.9, T2 18.6, T3 18.6; G900 - T1 18.6, T2 18.6, T3 18.5). Conclusions: As reported previously, G900 is effective in reducing hot flashes. In this analysis, however, PWB and FWB showed different patterns of change over time between the two gabapentin and placebo groups with G900 showing minimal effects on PWB and FWB. Future trials to further study the changes in physical and functional well-being of women with breast cancer taking gabapentin for hot flashes are needed.
Hostility and Impatience as Risk Factors for Hypertension—Reply
Authors: Lijing L. Yan, Kiang Liu, Martha L. Daviglus, Karen A. Matthews, Catarina I. Kiefe
Journal: JAMA (2004)

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Ventricular Syncope
Authors: François M. Abboud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

To those who think of the heart as merely a pump, the concept that an episode of syncope may be triggered by activation of sensory nerve endings in the ventricles may seem far-fetched. It should not. We accept the notion than an arterial "bulge" at the carotid bifurcation can cause syncope if compressed or massaged vigorously, and we recognize the syndrome of carotid-sinus syncope and carotid-sinus hypersensitivity as a common clinical entity.The patients described in the paper by Almquist et al.1 in this issue of the Journal may have a comparable syndrome — that of ventricular syncope, or hypersensitivity . . .
The Multicenter Isradipine Diuretic Atherosclerosis Study (MIDAS)-Reply
Authors: Michele Mercuri
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —Regarding the comments by Dr Kaufman on the ultrasound data, the ultrasound instrument used in MIDAS was Biosound 2000 II spectrum analysis with 8-MHz annular arrays (approximate axial resolution, 0.3 mm). This was defined in the original protocol and previously published. 1 Kaufman notes that the intimal-medial thickness differences in MIDAS are less than the axial resolution of ultrasound equipment, and therefore the analyses may overstate the ability of these instruments to determine the fine differences reported. The differences presented were calculated, not measured, by comparing within-group or between-group intimal-medial thickness data. That it is not possible to directly measure these differences does not affect the validity or appropriateness of determining their presence or use in analyses of grouped data.  The comments by Dr Abt concerning the statistical significance (or lack thereof) of the difference in cardiovascular events between patients treated with hydrochlorothiazide and isradipine in the MIDAS trial seem
Global incidence and mortality of pancreatic diseases: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression of population-based cohort studies
Authors: Amy Y Xiao, Marianne L Y Tan, Landy M Wu, Varsha M Asrani, John A Windsor, Dhiraj Yadav, Maxim S Petrov
Journal: The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology (2016)
Treatment options for isolated locoregional recurrences of nonsmall cell lung cancer after surgery: yes, radiation therapy too!
Authors: Nikola Cihoric, Alexandros Tsikkinis, Nenad Filipovic, Branislav Jeremic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

In a recent article, Subotic et al. [1] summarised the importance of salvage surgery in treating local or loco-regional, post-surgical recurrences in patients with, mostly, early stage nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While the feasibility of such an approach is indisputable, we believe that the readership of the European Respiratory Journal should be made aware of another treatment option already successfully used in this setting, namely, radiation therapy. This is especially important in patients with less favourable features, where secondary surgery may not be an option. Other authors have already shown that such patients comprise the majority of the patient population, with salvage surgery being possible in just 4% of cases. Taking this into consideration may give the treating physicians a better perspective and also enable a more meaningful discussion on optimising both the standard clinical and investigational approaches in any future endeavours in this setting. Radiation therapy remains an excellent treatment option for selected patients with post-resection recurrent NSCLC <http://ow.ly/YZ6yc>
Burden of Phlebotomy in Patients with Polycythemia Vera in the United States: Baseline Data from the REVEAL Study
Authors: Ralph V. Boccia, Brady Stein, Ruben A. Mesa, Ahmad B. Naim, Joseph A. Cordaro, Wei Peng, Hao Sun, Shreekant V. Parasuraman, Alison Moliterno
Journal: Blood (2015)
Should payment for performance depend on mortality?
Authors: Philippe Loirat, Marie Ferrua, Benoît Lalloué, Aude Fourcade, Etienne Minvielle
Journal: BMJ (2016)

come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers.L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés.
P-053 Updated analysis of induction &amp; maintenance adjuvant chemotherapy with 3-month oxaliplatin-based regimen followed by 3 months capecitabine in patients with stage III and high-risk stage II colorectal cancer :(JSWOG C2)
Authors: H. Tanioka, K. Yamashita, A. Tsuruta, A. Tsuji, T. Nagasaka, H. Okumura, Y. Oka, M. Inukai, T. Yamakawa, T. Yamatsuji, M. Yoshimitsu, K. Toyota, T. Yamano, M. Okajima
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Thousands of pregnant women in Puerto Rico are at risk of Zika virus infection, CDC warns
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The number of Zika virus infections was increasing rapidly on the island of Puerto Rico, putting thousands of pregnant women at risk of infection, the director of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Tom Frieden, said in a teleconference with reporters on 17 June.

“This could lead to dozens or hundreds of infants being born with microcephaly …
Cholesterol Metabolism and Prostate Cancer Lethality
Authors: Konrad H. Stopsack, Travis A. Gerke, Jennifer A. Sinnott, Kathryn L. Penney, Svitlana Tyekucheva, Howard D. Sesso, Swen-Olof Andersson, Ove Andrén, James R. Cerhan, Edward L. Giovannucci, Lorelei A. Mucci, Jennifer R. Rider
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Cholesterol metabolism has been implicated in prostate cancer pathogenesis. Here, we assessed the association of intratumoral mRNA expression of cholesterol synthesis enzymes, transporters, and regulators in tumor specimen at diagnosis and lethal prostate cancer, defined as mortality or metastases from prostate cancer in contrast to nonlethal disease without evidence of metastases after at least 8 years of follow-up. We analyzed the prospective prostate cancer cohorts within the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (n = 249) and the Physicians' Health Study (n = 153) as well as expectantly managed patients in the Swedish Watchful Waiting Study (n = 338). The expression of squalene monooxygenase (SQLE) was associated with lethal cancer in all three cohorts. Men with high SQLE expression (&amp;gt;1 standard deviation above the mean) were 8.3 times (95% confidence interval, 3.5 to 19.7) more likely to have lethal cancer despite therapy compared with men with the mean level of SQLE expression. Absolute SQLE expression was associated with lethal cancer independently from Gleason grade and stage, as was a SQLE expression ratio in tumor versus surrounding benign prostate tissue. Higher SQLE expression was tightly associated with increased histologic markers of angiogenesis. Collectively, this study establishes the prognostic value of intratumoral cholesterol synthesis as measured via SQLE, its second rate-limiting enzyme. SQLE expression at cancer diagnosis is prognostic for lethal prostate cancer both after curative-intent prostatectomy and in a watchful waiting setting, possibly by facilitating micrometastatic disease. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4785–90. ©2016 AACR.
PD5-3-7: EGFR and KRAS mutations are molecular predictors of survival in resected lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jenifer L. Marks, Stephen Broderick, Venkatraman E. Seshan, Maureen F. Zakowski, Allan Li, Richard Wilson, Mark G. Kris, Mark Ladanyi, Valerie W. Rusch, William Pao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Time-dependent changes in mortality and transformation risk in MDS
Authors: Michael Pfeilstöcker, Heinz Tuechler, Guillermo Sanz, Julie Schanz, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Francesc Solé, John M. Bennett, David Bowen, Pierre Fenaux, Francois Dreyfus, Hagop Kantarjian, Andrea Kuendgen, Luca Malcovati, Mario Cazzola, Jaroslav Cermak, Christa Fonatsch, Michelle M. Le Beau, Marilyn L. Slovak, Alessandro Levis, Michael Luebbert, Jaroslaw Maciejewski, Sigrid Machherndl-Spandl, Silvia M. M. Magalhaes, Yasushi Miyazaki, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Reinhard Stauder, Sudhir Tauro, Peter Valent, Teresa Vallespi, Arjan A. van de Loosdrecht, Ulrich Germing, Detlef Haase, Peter L. Greenberg
Journal: Blood (2016)
Therapeutic Efficacy of Cancer Stem Cell Vaccines in the Adjuvant Setting
Authors: Yangyang Hu, Lin Lu, Yang Xia, Xin Chen, Alfred E. Chang, Robert E. Hollingsworth, Elaine Hurt, John Owen, Jeffrey S. Moyer, Mark E.P. Prince, Fu Dai, Yangyi Bao, Yi Wang, Joel Whitfield, Jian-Chuan Xia, Shiang Huang, Max S. Wicha, Qiao Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccine strategies aimed at targeting cancer stem–like cells (CSC) may be most efficacious if deployed in the adjuvant setting. In this study, we offer preclinical evidence that this is the case for a CSC-DC vaccine as tested in murine models of SCC7 squamous cell cancer and D5 melanoma. Vaccination of mice with an ALDHhigh SCC7 CSC-DC vaccine after surgical excision of established SCC7 tumors reduced local tumor relapse and prolonged host survival. This effect was augmented significantly by simultaneous administration of anti-PD-L1, an immune checkpoint inhibitor. In the minimal disease setting of D5 melanoma, treatment of mice with ALDHhigh CSC-DC vaccination inhibited primary tumor growth, reduced spontaneous lung metastases, and increased host survival. In this setting, CCR10 and its ligands were downregulated on ALDHhigh D5 CSCs and in lung tissues, respectively, after vaccination with ALDHhigh D5 CSC-DC. RNAi-mediated attenuation of CCR10 blocked tumor cell migration in vitro and metastasis in vivo. T cells harvested from mice vaccinated with ALDHhigh D5 CSC-DC selectively killed ALDHhigh D5 CSCs, with additional evidence of humoral immunologic engagement and a reduction in ALDHhigh cells in residual tumors. Overall, our results offered a preclinical proof of concept for the use of ALDHhigh CSC-DC vaccines in the adjuvant setting to more effectively limit local tumor recurrence and spontaneous pulmonary metastasis, as compared with traditional DC vaccines, with increased host survival further accentuated by simultaneous PD-L1 blockade. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4661–72. ©2016 AACR.