tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1010 The absence of the diagnosis of osteoporosis, in patients with hip fractures due to fragility
Authors: A. Acosta, B. Magallares, A. Rodriguez de la Serna
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoporosis is a disease whose risk factors are well known, in spite of which remainsunderdiagnosed until a fracture occurs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the different characteristics of the population admitted for hip fracture in our hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were collected (sex, age, previous diagnosis of osteoporosis, fracture type, presence of previous fragility fractures, etc) of all patients admitted for hip fracture in our hospital from December 2010 to December 2011. <h3>Results</h3> The sample included 107 patients of which 103 are considered fragility fractures. 74.8% are women. The average age is 83 years (61-93) for women and 79 years (55-91) for men, although there were not statistically significant differences between the means of both groups (p&gt; α =0.01). The most prevalent type of fracture is subcapital, followed in frequency by trochanteric, maintaining similar proportions between men and women. 28 of these 103 subjects had been previously diagnosed with osteoporosis, one of which (3.84%) were male (p&lt;0.001). 44 patients had already submitted a previous fragility fracture (other locations) and 23 of them did not have among their diagnoses of osteoporosis <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite a history of fragility fractures, only 43% of patients had a previous diagnosis of osteoporosis, this lack of diagnosis is most evident in the male population, where only 3.84% had osteoporosis identified prior to hip fracture. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
PTU-096 The use of commercial interferon-γ release assays to screen for mycobacterial infection in inflammatory bowel disease patients initiating anti-TNF agents
Authors: K Greveson, C Murray, J Goodhand, I Cropley, S Murthy, M Hamilton, M Lipman
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Two commercial Interferon Gamma release assays (IGRA) are approved in the UK by NICE and US FDA to detect <i>M tuberculosis</i> (Mtb) infection. The T-Spot.TB (TSTB) and Quanitferon Gold In-tube (QFGIT) use different test platforms, with the potential for slightly different results when used in clinical practice. Since 2008, we have used a standard IGRA-based assessment for Mtb infection in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. Initially this involved TSTB but in December 2010, switched to QFGIT. Here we review the performance of these assays within our protocol. <h3>Methods</h3> We prospectively screened 148 adult IBD patients considered for anti-TNfα agents with symptom review, chest radiograph and IGRA. Between October 2008 and November 2010, 91 patients were tested with TSTB, and between December 2010 and November 2011, 57 with QFGIT. IGRA results were reported as positive, negative or indeterminate. Positive and indeterminate results were referred to TB services. <h3>Results</h3> All subjects had normal chest radiographs and a negative clinical assessment. Overall 82% (121/148) subjects tested were BCG vaccinated and 13% (19/148) had risk factors for Mtb. 74% (109/148) were taking immunomodulators. 98% (89/91) patients in the TSTB group had an unequivocal result [1% (1/91) positive: 97% (88/91) negative], and 1% (1/91) had an indeterminate result, compared with 86% unequivocal [0% positive/86% negative] and 14% (8/57) indeterminate in the QFGIT group, respectively (p=0.002). 12% indeterminate results occurred in subjects taking immunosuppression. 85% (126/148) of the anti-TNFα naïve group have subsequently received treatment with either infliximab or adalimumab. None have gone on to develop tuberculosis. Median follow-up from start of therapy in the TSTB group is 21 months (IQR 15–26 months); and that of the QFGIT group 7 months (IQR 4–9). <h3>Conclusion</h3> We find little evidence for Mtb infection within our IBD population. To date none have developed active TB after starting anti-TNFα therapy. Given the reasonable median follow-up (21 months for TSTB and 7 months for QFGIT) compared to the reported time of onset of active TB following anti-TNFα agents (&lt;3 months), our data provide some reassurance that we have not missed LTBI using our assessment. There appears to be a higher frequency of indeterminate results using QFGIT. As this is found almost exclusively in those on immunosuppressive agents, we suggest that IBD services need to understand the characteristics of the IGRA used within their population and the implications of this for management. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Relation between Effective Radiation Dose and Outcome of Radioiodine Therapy for Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Harry R. Maxon, Stephen R. Thomas, Vicki S. Hertzberg, James G. Kereiakes, I-Wen Chen, Matthew I. Sperling, Eugene L. Saenger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We used a combination of radioiodine scanning and quantitative radiation dosimetry to evaluate responses to therapeutic irradiation with 131I in 76 patients with thyroid adenocarcinoma. Fifty patients received 131I treatment for ablation of residual thyroid tissue after surgical thyroidectomy, and 26 had 131I treatment for metastatic thyroid cancer. Successful ablation was observed in patients receiving higher radiation doses to the thyroid--about 4.4 times those in patients whose lesions were not ablated--largely because of a longer effective half-life of 131I in residual thyroid tissue in the patients with ablated lesions. Patients with metastases that persisted after 131I therapy tended to have more advanced disease and received significantly lower radiation doses per millicurie of administered 131I than did persons whose lesions responded to treatment. Initial 131I treatment resulting in radiation doses of at least 30,000 rad to thyroid remnants and 8000 rad to metastases was associated with a significant increase in the rate of response to therapy.
Study of hepatitis E virus infection of genotype 1 and 3 in mice with humanised liver
Authors: Ibrahim M Sayed, Lieven Verhoye, Laurence Cocquerel, Florence Abravanel, Lander Foquet, Claire Montpellier, Yannick Debing, Ali Farhoudi, Czeslaw Wychowski, Jean Dubuisson, Geert Leroux-Roels, Johan Neyts, Jacques Izopet, Thomas Michiels, Philip Meuleman
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is responsible for approximately 20 million infections per year worldwide. Although most infected people can spontaneously clear an HEV infection, immune-compromised individuals may evolve towards chronicity. Chronic HEV infection can be cured using ribavirin, but viral isolates with low ribavirin sensitivity have recently been identified. Although some HEV isolates can be cultured <i>in vitro, in vivo</i> studies are essentially limited to primates and pigs. Since the use of these animals is hampered by financial, practical and/or ethical concerns, we evaluated if human liver chimeric mice could serve as an alternative. <h3>Design</h3> Humanised mice were inoculated with different HEV-containing preparations. <h3>Results</h3> Chronic HEV infection was observed after intrasplenic injection of cell culture-derived HEV, a filtered chimpanzee stool suspension and a patient-derived stool suspension. The viral load was significantly higher in the stool compared with the plasma. Overall, the viral titre in genotype 3-infected mice was lower than that in genotype 1-infected mice. Analysis of liver tissue of infected mice showed the presence of viral RNA and protein, and alterations in host gene expression. Intrasplenic injection of HEV-positive patient plasma and oral inoculation of filtered stool suspensions did not result in robust infection. Finally, we validated our model for the evaluation of novel antiviral compounds against HEV using ribavirin. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Human liver chimeric mice can be infected with HEV of different genotypes. This small animal model will be a valuable tool for the <i>in vivo</i> study of HEV infection and the evaluation of novel antiviral molecules.
PRELIMINARY TEST OF INTELLIGENCE
Authors: MARGARET KELLER, IRVIN L. CHILD, FREDERICK C. REDLICH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1947)

A brief test of adult intelligence designed for psychiatric examiners is reported. The test (Preliminary Test of Intelligence) consists of vocabulary, comprehension, similarities and differences, and arithmetic items and can be administered and scored in 5 to 15 minutes. Preliminary standardization data on 150 subjects ranging in age from 11 to 70 years show satisfactorily high correlations with the Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence Scale. The test, together with complete instructions for administration, scoring and interpretation is included in the text. Tentative norms permit the classification of intelligence level in one of four categories: above average, average, below average and markedly below average. The I. Q. range within each category for the standardization group is reported.
Preventing hospital acquired urinary and respiratory infection
Authors: P J Sanderson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

give a modified dose of aprotinin.9The combined one stage carotid and coronary operaidon has a mortality of 3-4%.3 10 1 North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Study Group.Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high- grade carotid stenosis.
TECHNICAL CHALLENGES OF ATRIAL SEPTAL STENT PLACEMENT IN FETUSES WITH HYPOPLASTIC LEFT HEART SYNDROME AND INTACT ATRIAL SEPTUM
Authors: Brian Thomas Kalish, Wayne Tworetzky, Carol B. Benson, Louise Wilkins-Haug, Arielle Mizrahi-Arnaud, Doff B. McElhinney, James E. Lock, Audrey C. Marshall
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Primary Adrenal Lymphoma
Authors: VIJAY VISWANATHAN, MICHAEL L. MIDDLETON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine; Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic; Scott, Sherwood and Brindley Foundation; and Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College of Medicine, Temple, Texas Received for publication August 28, 2000. Revision accepted January 8, 2001. Reprint requests: Michael L. Middleton, Scott & White Memorial Hospital and Clinic, 2401 South 31st Street, Temple, Texas 76508. E-mail: [email protected]
P2-05-03: Is Breast Cancer Tryptase a Novel Anti-Angiogenetic Molecular Target?
Authors: G Ranieri, G Gadaleta-Caldarola, A Misino, R Patruno, V Goffredo, V Di Lecce, G Vinciarelli, P Valerio, A Zito, CD Gadaleta
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Tryptase, a serine protease stored and released from mast cells granules has been identified as a new non-classical angiogenetic factor. Tryptase is an agonist of proteinase-activated receptor-2 a G protein involved in cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. On the other hand mast cells can release tryptase following c-Kit receptor activation. We have evaluated the correlations among the number of MCs positive to tryptase (MCDPT), the number of c-Kit receptor expressing cells (C-KREC) and microvascular density (MVD) in a series of 91 primary T1-3, N0-2 M0 female breast cancer by means of immunohistochemistry and image analysis methods. Six-micrometers thick serial sections of formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded bioptic tumor samples were microwaved at 500 W for 10 min. and treated with a 3% hydrogen peroxide solution. Sections were incubated with primary antibodies: anti-tryptase (AA1; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), anti-c-Kit receptor (A4502; Dako, Glostrup, Denmark) and anti-CD34 (QB-END 10; Bio-Optica Milan, Italy). In serial sections MVD, MCDPT and C-KREC were counted by means of image analysis (Quantimet 500 Leica) at x400 microscopic fields. Data demonstrated a significantly (r= ranging from 0.72 to 0.91; p: ranging from 0.001 to 0.003 by Pearson's analysis respectively) correlation between MVD, MCDPT and C-KREC to each other. Published in vitro data suggest that tryptase induce angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells and breast cancer cells lines. According to these data we shown that MVD, MCDPT and C-KREC paralleled to each other suggesting a role in in vivo breast cancer angiogenesis. In this context the inhibition of c-Kit mast cells tryptase degranulation by several tyrosin kinase inhibitors might be evaluated in clinical trials. Finally available tryptase inhibitors such as gabexate mesilate or nafamostat mesilate might be evaluated in clinical trials as a new antiangiogenetic approach. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-03.
Improved Survival with an Implanted Defibrillator in Patients with Coronary Disease at High Risk for Ventricular Arrhythmia
Authors: Arthur J. Moss, W. Jackson Hall, David S. Cannom, James P. Daubert, Steven L. Higgins, Helmut Klein, Joseph H. Levine, Sanjeev Saksena, Albert L. Waldo, David Wilber, Mary W. Brown, Moonseong Heo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Unsustained ventricular tachycardia in patients with previous myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction is associated with a two-year mortality rate of about 30 percent. We studied whether prophylactic therapy with an implanted cardioverter–defibrillator, as compared with conventional medical therapy, would improve survival in this high-risk group of patients.
Case 38-2015
Authors: J. Carl Pallais, Micheal McInnis, Philip J. Saylor, Roseann I. Wu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 21-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of fatigue, weight loss, tender gynecomastia, hyperthyroidism, and lesions in the lungs and liver on radiographic imaging. Diagnostic procedures were performed.
Development and testing of multiple versions of a radiation oncology treatment planning workflow application in the era of HIPAA.
Authors: J. B. Fiveash, J. Howerton, M. Hyatt, K. Sinclair, O. L. Burnett, R. A. Popple, B. Graham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6151 Background: To develop and test a clinical workflow application that manages the radiation oncology treatment planning process for multiple physicians and planners in a multi-site academic oncology practice including notifications and user level data collection and reporting for process improvement. This functionality is not integrated into most oncology electronic medical record or treatment planning systems. Methods: Resident and attending physicians, physicists, dosimetrists, RTTs, and administration staff at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Radiation Oncology were interviewed to define the treatment planning workflow process and logic. Prototype applications were developed and tested on several platforms including MS Access hosted on a departmental server, MS Sharepoint web application, and an internally hosted version of Oracle Application Express (APEX) with Oracle 10g. All solutions were assessed for ease of use and for privacy and security liabilities. Results: The userbase defined the treatment planning process from scheduling a patient for simulation through all steps in treatment planning to quality assurance. Either one or two physicians completed testing of each functional prototype over a two-year period with over two hundred patient courses. The MS Access solution was rejected due to FDA requirements that third party software not be installed on treatment planning workstations unless previously approved. The MS Sharepoint website did not meet the institution's requirement for HIPAA disclosure auditing. Therefore, an existing LDAP authentication schema for electronic medical record access was incorporated into the Oracle Apex solution. Conclusions: FDA and HIPPA requirements limited software choice and increased the cost of the project. The web-based Oracle APEX solution meets the department's functional requirements for ease of use and meets the institution's requirements for privacy and security. The application improves communication between physicians and planners at multiple locations through online lists and automated email/pager notifications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis in Diabetics with End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Pablo Amair, Ramesh Khanna, Bernard Leibel, Andreas Pierratos, Stephen Vas, Erik Meema, Gordon Blair, Lionel Chisolm, Magdalene Vas, Walter Zingg, George Digenis, Dimitrios Oreopoulos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Twenty diabetics with end-stage renal disease who had never previously received dialysis treatment were treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for periods of two to 36 months (average, 14.5). Intraperitoneal administration of insulin achieved good control of blood sugar. Even though creatinine clearance decreased significantly (P = 0.001), control of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine was adequate. Hemoglobin and serum albumin levels increased significantly (P = 0.005 and 0.04, respectively). Similarly, there was a significant increase in serum triglycerides and alkaline phosphatase (P = 0.02 and 0.05). Blood pressure became normal without medications in all but one of the patients. Retinopathy, neuropathy, and osteodystrophy remained unchanged. Peritonitis developed once in every 20.6 patient-months--a rate similar to that observed in nondiabetics. The calculated survival rate was 93 per cent at one year; the calculated rate of continuation on ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was 87 per cent. We conclude that continuous ambulatory dialysis with intraperitoneal administration of insulin is a good alternative treatment for diabetics with end-stage renal disease.
SPECT Demonstrating Lymphatic Drainage from Truncal Melanoma to Para-Aortic Lymph Nodes
Authors: DWIGHT M. ACHONG, LUIS E. TENORIO, JAMES A. SMITH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital and University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida Received for publication June 27, 2001. Revision accepted November 7, 2001. Correspondence: Dwight M. Achong, Nuclear Medicine (115), James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital, 13000 Bruce B. Downs Boulevard, Tampa, Florida 33612. E-mail: [email protected]
A multistage nanodelivery system for therapeutic applications and medical imaging: in vivo biodistribution and efficacy study in a murine orthotopic breast cancer model.
Authors: E Tasciotti, R Bhavane, B Godin-Vilentchouk, R Serda, X Liu, F Robertson, M Ferrari
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2160 The ability to deliver therapeutic compounds specifically to diseased sites is crucial for effectively treating human illnesses. Nanotechnology is emerging as a tool for resolving challenges in the delivery of poorly administrable drugs by transforming them into nanometer-sized particles (nanotherapeutics). The progress thus far gave rise to a large number of nanotherapeutics, but the accomplishment of the original objective, which is to increase drug concentration at target sites, has not been fully realized. A series of biological barriers pose as insurmountable obstacles which limit or completely abolish the ability to selectively deliver a therapeutic agent. We hypothesized that a multi-stage system for systemic delivery (MSDS) could be designed to interact with and successfully overcome sequential biological barriers. We developed a MSDS using biodegradable, biocompatible silicon particles optimally sized and shaped to travel into the blood flow, avoid RES, marginate and adhere to tumor vasculature. The first stage carriers (FSCs) contain nanopores of specific size that can load, carry, release over time, and deliver multiple types of second stage nanoparticles (SSNs). The nanoparticles can be optimized to reach, through vessels fenestrations, the tumor environment and finally release their therapeutic payload into target cells.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; The ease in chemically modifying the silicon surface permits the attachment of fluorescent and radiolabeled imaging molecules to the FSCs. Fluorescent and magnetic SSNs can be loaded into the pores of the FSCs. Once assembled, the resulting MSDS can be imaged using different in vivo imaging modalities from its administration to its final localization into the body. We further modified our FSCs with PEG molecules to increase their circulation time and with antibodies directed against the VEGFR2 membrane protein to increase the localization of the MSDS in tumor associated vessels. We monitored the biodistribution of all MSDSs and characterized their biocompatibility in the different tissues. Finally, we loaded the pores of the FSCs with a lipidic nanoformulation of the potent anti cancer drug doxorubicin (dox-liposomes and dox-micelles) and followed the efficacy of this treatment. Taken together, these studies provide first time evidence that silicon nanoporous particles can be used as effective carriers for the simultaneous delivery of different nanotherapeutics in vivo. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2160.
THU0231 Surgical Treatment of the Dorsal Rheumatoid Wrist : A Long Term Assessment of the Subjective Results
Authors: A. Petit, J. Laulan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Wrist problems occur frequently in rheumatoid arthritis, affecting 65 to 95% of cases. The goal of the surgical treatment is to ensure a correct function without return of normal anatomy. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this work is to evaluate the long-term subjective satisfaction of patients undergoing dorsal wrist arthritis. Ninety-five wrists operated between 1995 and 2008 were evaluated with an average of 9 years. <h3>Methods</h3> From 1995 to 2008, 144 dorsal rheumatoid wrists were operated in 128 patients. Among these 128 patients, 68 patients corresponding to 95 wrists operated responded to a questionnaire by telephone during the first half of 2009. Different parameters were studied: objective clinical parameters (visual pain-rating scale VAS), subjective clinical parameters (the impact of wrist surgery on quality of life, subjective feeling of stiffness in the wrist, the strength of the wrist, the subjective assessment of pain and overall satisfaction of the patient). Finally, the functional score of the upper limb QuickDASH was made. <h3>Results</h3> At the medical inspection after the surgery, 84 wrists (88%) were pain improved since the surgery, while 11 wrists (12%) were unimproved or worse. Eighty-eight wrists (92%) were satisfied or very satisfied, while 7 wrists (8%) were not satisfied with the operation. Eighty-five wrists would be operated again while 10 wrists would not do or are uncertain about the idea of re-operation. VAS average was estimated at 3. The average DASH at the medical inspection after the surgery was 39 (from 0 to 90). The wrists treated with total arthrodesis had a feeling of stiffness significantly higher than the wrists having received another stabilization procedure. Wrists with healthy tendons in the per-operative period had a feeling of stiffness higher than the group of injured or broken tendons. Patients with healthy tendons are more often found among those who would not re-operate or would be uncertain about the idea of re-operation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Surgery of dorsal rheumatoid wrist presents good results, which seem to have a long-term efficacy. This is a winner treatment, regardless of the type of operation. Pain sedation is almost always obtained. Preventive surgery must be balanced with the fact that it brings less subjective patient satisfaction. Palliative surgery is more stiffness-giving but provides an excellent subjective patient satisfaction. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared