tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nasal and Pharyngeal Eosinophil Peroxidase Levels Represent Surrogate Biomarkers for the Presence of Lower Airway Eosinophils in Adults with Poorly Controlled Asthma
Authors: Matthew A. Rank, Sergei I. Ochkur, John C. Lewis, Harry G. Teaford, Lewis J. Wesselius, Richard A. Helmers, Nancy A. Lee, Parameswaran K. Nair, James J. Lee
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers-Induced Angioedema at the Emergency Department
Authors: Sarah Micozzi, Marta Seoane, Dasha Roa Medellin, Maria Elisa Caralli, Ana Rodriguez, Mercedes Sáenz de Santa María, María L. Baeza, Inés Torrado
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
A Double Truncus Arteriosus in Thoracopagus Twins
Authors: A. Karen Kreutner, Joseph Levine, Henry Thiede
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

CONJOINED twins are most often reported as an obstetric complication or as a problem in surgical management if the twins survive the neonatal period. The following case, however, is presented to report the results of cytogenetic, post-mortem angiocardiographic and autopsy studies that were performed and to describe a unique cardiac malformation.Case ReportA 21-year-old single nulliparous Negro woman was first seen on May 6, 1962, because of intermittent vaginal spotting. The last normal menstrual period had been in late December, 1961. Positive physical findings included a soft, nontender mass arising from the pelvis extending to just above the umbilicus . . .
Goserelin versus control after adjuvant, risk-adapted chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with breast cancer. GABG trial IV-B-93
Authors: M. Kaufmann, E. Graf, W. Jonat, W. Eiermann, H. H. Zippel, M. Geberth, B. Conrad, G. Gademann, K. D. Schulz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

588 Background: The role of medical ablation after adjuvant chemotherapy in endocrine sensitive or non-sensitive tumors is not yet clearly defined. Methods: We initiated a prospective, randomized multicenter study comparing goserelin (3.6 mg every 28 days for 2 years) and control after adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of three cycles of CMF (500/40/600 mg/m2, i.v. on days 1, 8 q 29) in patients with 0–3+ lymph nodes (LN) and four cycles of EC (90/600 mg/m2, i.v. day 1 q 22) followed by 3 x CMF in patients with 4–9+ LN. At first only patients with hormone receptor (HR)-negative breast cancer were included. However, the study was extended to patients with HR-positive breast cancer and 1–9+ LN, when the ZEBRA study was closed. Results: 776 patients were included (goserelin: n=384; control: n=392), 60% had negative HR, 40% were LN-, 23% had 4–9+ LN; 30% of the patients were 40 years or younger, and 60% received breast conserving surgery. 215 events were observed after a median follow-up of 4.7 years. The first event of failure (goserelin vs control) was an isolated locoregional recurrence (43 vs 29), a distant failure (59 vs 82) and death without previous recurrence (0 vs 2). Five-year event-free survival rates were 71.3% (95% confidence interval (CI), 66.3% to 76.3%) and 67.6% (95% CI, 62.2% to 73.0%) in the goserelin and in the control group, respectively. The estimated hazard ratio of goserelin vs control was 0.92 (95% CI 0.70 to 1.21; P > 0.5) indicating no long-term benefit of goserelin in these patients. In an analysis restricted to LN+ patients, there was no indication of a differential treatment effect in HR+ as compared to HR- patients. Conclusions: The results of this study do not support the use of a GnRH analogue after adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients with breast cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca AstraZeneca AstraZeneca; Pfizer; Deutsche Krebshilfe
AB0755 An Intraarticular Sacroiliac Corticosteroid Injections in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: S.W. Lee, Y. Song, S. Lee, K.B. Joo, I.-H. Sung, T.-H. Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Ankylosing spondylitis is chronic inflammatory disease which involves axial skeleton. NSAIDs are drug of choice and biologics are strongly recommended in case of NSAIDs failure. But some AS patients have intermittent, migratory pain and inflammatory pain could last several days or weeks. Intraarticular injections of sacroiliac joints are recommended in these cases. <h3>Objectives</h3> The goal of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of a fluoroscopy-guided intraarticular corticosteroid injection for the treatment of sacroiliac joint pain in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> Between March 2012 and December 2014, a total of 57 fluoroscopy-guided intraarticular corticosteroid injections in the sacroiliac joints were performed in 53 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (38 males, 15 females; mean age 29.8 years, range 12 to 66 years). The mixture of triamcinolone acetonide 40mg and normal saline 0.5 mL was injected under fluoroscopic guidance. <h3>Results</h3> The mean disease duration before injection was 27.4 months (range 0 to 151 months) and the mean follow-up after injection was 13.6 months (range 0 to 32 months). The mean BASDAI score before injection was 5.83 (range 2.3 to 8.5) and the mean BASDAI score after injection was 4.77 (range 1.0 to 9.2). In 20 out of 53 patients (37.8%), the BASDAI score were below 4 which means optimal control of disease. No initiation of biologic agents and additional intervention was required in 37 out of 53 patients (69.8%). 4 out of 53 patients (7.5%) needed a second injection. 2 patients already was on biologics before injection, 12 patients newly started biologics after injection due to their high disease activity and lack of effectiveness of injection. There were neither discontinuity nor change of biologics. There was no bilateral injection at once and no complication associated with the procedure. There was no significant difference between dose of medications which is prescribed before and after injection. <h3>Conclusions</h3> When AS patients complain of abrupt and severe pain in their sacroiliac joint, rheumatologists can consider fluoroscopy-guided intraarticular corticosteroid injection as one of treatment options instead of starting biologics or dose escalation of medications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Rifampin-Resistant Tuberculosis in a Patient Receiving Rifabutin Prophylaxis
Authors: William R. Bishai, Neil M.H. Graham, Susan Harrington, Christopher Page, Kristina Moore-Rice, Nancy Hooper, Richard E. Chaisson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

office, the emergency department, or the hospital.If you have an original unpublished, high-quality color or black-and-white photograph representing such a typical image that you would like considered for publication,
Twice-daily re-irradiation of recurrent and second primary head and neck cancer with gemcitabine, paclitaxel and fluorouracil chemoradiotherapy
Authors: M. T. Milano, E. E. Vokes, K. M. Stenson, M. E. Witt, B. B. Mittal, R. R. Weichselbaum, D. J. Haraf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5510 Background: Sixty-nine patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer enrolled in a Phase I study of aggressive chemoradiotherapy with concurrent gemcitabine (dose-escalated from 50–300 mg/m2), paclitaxel (100 mg/m2) and 5-fluorouracil (600 mg/m2/d for 5 days) in conjunction with twice daily radiation (1.5 Gy) delivered on an alternating week schedule (TGFX). Here we report the clinical outcome and late toxicity of TGFX in a subset of patients previously irradiated to the head and neck. Methods: Twenty-nine previously irradiated patients presenting with recurrent or second primary head and neck cancer were treated with TGFX. Twelve patients underwent attempted surgical resection prior to chemoradiotherapy, of which 10 were left with no measurable disease. Patients with measurable disease were treated to a median dose of 72 Gy, while those with no measurable disease were treated to a median dose of 61 Gy. The cumulative radiation dose ranged from 74.4 to 156.4 Gy with a mean and median of 125.7 Gy and 131.0 Gy respectively. Results: The median follow-up was 19.1 months for all patients and 48.1 months for living patients. At 5 years, the overall survival (OS) is 37.6%, cause specific survival is 39.3%, and locoregional control (LRC) is 54.5%. In patients with measurable disease at the time of treatment, the 5-year OS and LRC are 26.3% and 45.1% respectively as compared to 5-year OS and LRC of 58.3% (p=0.09) and 70% (p=0.31) for those with no measurable disease. Measurable disease and radiation dose were highly significant for OS and LRC on mulitivariate analysis. Of 14 patients assessable for late toxicity, three developed grade (G) 4–5 toxicity, eight G 2–3 and three G 0–1. Six patients developed soft tissue complications: G5 in 1, G4 in 2 and G3 in 3. Six patients developed swallowing complications, of which 3 were gastrostomy tube dependent. Conclusions: Aggressive reirradiation with chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer provides a chance for long-term cure at the expense of acute and late toxicity. Attempted surgical resection prior to chemoradiation improves disease control and survival. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eli Lilly
Phenotypic Characterization of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Barton F. Haynes, Richard S. Metzgar, John D. Minna, Paul A. Bunn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

We studied the surface-antigen pattern of T cells in peripheral blood and cell lines from patients with advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) or T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The antigen patterns of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma cells from peripheral blood and established cell lines were nearly identical; the cells were negative for human thymus antigen (OKT6 and NA1/34), positive for pan-T-cell (OKT3, 17F12, 10.2, and 9.6) and helper-T-cell-subset (OKT4) antigens, and negative for T-cell-subset antigens 3A1 and OKT8. In contrast, the phenotypes of malignant T cells from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia were heterogeneous, with at least five patterns of reactivity. The T-cell-specific antibody 3A1 was the only monoclonal reagent that clearly distinguished the peripheral-blood T cells in CTCL (3A1-) from those in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (3A1+). Moreover, 3A1 was the most reliable T-cell marker in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. We conclude that circulating CTCL (Sézary) T cells are homogeneous in their antigen phenotype and are derived from a well-differentiated 3A1-, OKT4+, OKT8- helper-T-cell subset.
P-135 Endoscopic Changes and Long-term Outcome of Radiotherapy for Helicobacter pylori Negative/Refractory Gastric Marginal Zone B Cell Lymphoma
Authors: S.J. Ryu, G.J. Kim, Y.W. Kim, B.-W. Kim, J.W. Lim, S.M. Park
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Due to Germ-Line Mosaicism in a Clinically Normal Father
Authors: Conxi Lazaro, Anna Ravella, Antonia Gaona, Victor Volpini, Xavier Estivill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

The mutation rate of the neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) gene is one of the highest in the human genome, with about 50 percent of cases being due to new mutations. We describe a family in which neurofibromatosis type 1 occurred in two siblings with clinically normal parents, and we demonstrate germ-line mosaicism in the father.
Balancing the Risk-Benefit Ratio in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Peter Borchmann, Andreas Engert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Advanced-stage Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) used to be a fatal malignancy. This has changed with the advent of multiagent chemotherapy. However, with an increasing number of patients being cured, acute and long-term adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy have become more relevant and need to be taken into account when planning new treatments. Today, the most often used regimens in the first-line setting are doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) and bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone–escalated (BEACOPP-e). ABVD is cheaper, easier to administer, and better tolerated than BEACOPP-e but less effective. Approximately two thirds of patients can be cured primarily with ABVD compared with 90% with BEACOPP-e. 1 Still, ABVD is more widely used. For relapsing patients, aggressive salvage, including highdose chemotherapy, is the standard of care. This procedure is associated with severe toxicity and, depending on age and performance status, a treatment-related mortality of more than 10%. 2 In addition, more than 50% of those who relapse will experience a second relapse thatis associatedwith lessthan10%long-term survival. 3 Thequestion is, How can we improve the risk-benefit ratio in the treatment of advanced-stage HL? Two clinical trials in the accompanying articles in Journal of Clinical Oncology address this question. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC-20012 (Comparison of Two Combination Chemotherapy Regimens in Treating Patients With Stage III or Stage IV Hodgkin’s Lymphoma) study reported by Carde et al 4 compared eight cycles of ABVD with four cycles of BEACOPP-e followed by four cycles of BEACOPP-baseline (4 1 4). The investigators chose event-free survival as the primary end point, which they defined as a combination of early discontinuation of treatment, failure to achieve complete response, relapse, and progression or death. The authors did not find differences between the two regimens in terms of their definition of event-free survival; however, when using the recommended end point for phase III studies in patients with lymphoma (progression-free survival [PFS]), there was a significant advantage for the BEACOPP variant (difference in favor of 4 1 4 over ABVD was 10.6%; P 5.005). This translated into an overall survival (OS) difference of 3.3% at a median follow-up of 3.6 years (4-year estimated OS for ABVD was 86.7%). The study was not powered to test for significance in OS; however, the better OS is well in line with the PFS difference. Patients were enrolled
The Di Bella multitherapy trial
Authors: A. Liberati, N. Magrini, L. Patoia, L. Pagliaro, R Raschetti, D Greco, F Menniti-Ippolito, S Spila-Alegiani, G Traversa, G Benagiano, P Bruzzi, M. Mullner, S. J W Evans
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—We disagree with Mullner’s editorial1 as it took a very narrow perspective on a case in which attention should have been paid to the relations between general methodological principles of cancer trials and the social context in which the Di Bella story took place.2

The editorial might give the (wrong) impression that the Di Bella trial3 was inadequate and could not show the lack of antitumour activity of Di Bella’s multitherapy. In 1982 an editorial in the New England Journal of Medicine accompanied the publication of a phase II study of the US National Cancer Institute on another anticancer “miracle” treatment named laetrile. This said that the study “closed the book on laetrile.”4 Interestingly, that study adopted the same non-randomised design (and the same negative results) as the Italian study.

Have general methodological principles of clinical research in oncology changed so dramatically since then? We do not think so and suspect that the editorial indicates limited familiarity with phase II trials in oncology. Too much familiarity with a given research field may lead to blindness concerning its limitations,5 and the view is perfectly legitimate that current standards of phase II oncology trials should be abandoned. But why was not this the main theme of Mullner’s editorial? Why did all criticism exclusively target the Di Bella trial? 

To illustrate possible approaches to similar cases in the future a more general discussion of pros and cons of randomised versus non-randomised studies in similar cases (in terms of risk of bias, costs, time needed to get an answer, likelihood that such an answer will be accepted, acceptability, or randomisation in situations characterised by high social and political pressure, etc.) would have been useful. Is strict adherence to the dogma of randomisation always the best solution in phase II trials, when what matters is to determine whether a new drug or regimen has sufficient biological activity to warrant more extensive, costly, and time consuming studies?

Maybe a commentary would have served the purpose better. Are we sure that insisting that randomised controlled trials are always absolutely needed for a perfect study will not end up, in the long run, doing more harm than good to the future of evidence based health care? We hope that the BMJ will promote a discussion around these topics.
149PD Association between early tumour shrinkage (ETS) and outcomes in RAS-wild type (WT) patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) receiving first-line FOLFOX or FOLFIRI + cetuximab every other week in the APEC study
Authors: A.-L. Cheng, G.H. Cornelio, L. Shen, T.J. Prince, T.-S. Yang, I.-J. Chung, G. Dai, J.-K. Lin, A. Sharma, K.-H. Yeh, B. Ma, A. Zaatar, Z. Guan, N. Masood, V. Srimuninnimit, T. Cheung Yau, F. Beier, S. Chatterjee, R.S.C. Lim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Plasma Cytokine/Chemokine Profiles in Non-IgE-Mediated Gastrointestinal Food Allergy
Authors: Kanami Orihara, Ichiro Nomura, Tetsuo Shoda, Hideaki Morita, Hiroko Suzuki, Akio Matsuda, Hirohisa Saito, Kenji Matsumoto
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
GENO-14SINGLE-CELL TRANSCIPTOMICS AND GENOMICS REVEALS A DIVERSITY OF TUMOR AND IMMUNE CELL POLARIZATION SIGNALS IN GBM
Authors: John Liu, Elizabeth Di Lullo, Martina Malatesta, Gary Kohanbash, Brandyn Castro, Hideho Okada, Arnold Kriegstein, Manish Aghi, Daniel Lim, Aaron Diaz
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Tumor associated macrophages (TAM) are a critical component of the tumor microenvironment, and have functions in tumor invasion, proliferation, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. To assess the heterogeneity of macrophage polarization states, and associated signaling from tumor cells, we single-cell sequenced a cohort of 5 primary GBM biopsies. Using high-throughput microfluidics, followed by RNA-sequencing we analyzed the transcriptomes of 768 single cells. For each case, approximately 96 cells were isolated from disassociated, fresh tumor tissue. For 3 of the 5 cases a second sample was taken and (prior to single-cell isolation) enriched for inflammatory infiltrate via a density gradient, followed by an LS column selecting for CD11b. For all cases, DNA from whole tumor and matched blood was subjected to exome sequencing. Somatic mutations were identified from deeply-sequenced exome data, and the heterogeneity of expressed mutations was tabulated from the single-cell data. Comparing the transcriptional profiles of GBM cells, to transcriptomes obtained from single-cell sequencing human fetal brain tissue, we identified fractions of cells with a low frequency of expressed mutations that have genetic signatures similar to progenitor cell populations found in the developing brain. These sub-populations express high levels of periostin, a potent TAM attractant. We identified a large fraction of cells with a TAM signature. In each sample, the putative TAM population demonstrated gradients of markers for polarization, including CD163, CD11c and MHC class II. The results of differential analysis between these polarized fractions, co-expression analysis of tumor-TAM signaling genes and the ongoing co-culture experiments will be presented.
M12 The utilisation of Heliox21 in a tertiary vocal cord dysfunction service
Authors: J Haines, A Vyas, C Slinger, SJ Fowler
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Heliox21 reduces the work of breathing in patients with extra-thoracic airway obstruction, is not curative or intended to replace other treatments. In our specialist service we have significant numbers of patients whom have history of regular hospitalisations, relating to poorly controlled vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). The gold standard for treatment is respiratory speech and language therapy (rSLT). We increasingly value Heliox21 as an early adjunct to rSLT in severe patients who are establishing management strategies. <h3>Aims</h3> To assess the impact of Heliox21 on patient admission rate and self-reported experience, for patients with severe VCD. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed the rSLT caseload from June–December 2014. All patients with endoscopically confirmed VCD, greater than five VCD related hospitalisations prior to the commencement of VCD treatment and who were prescribed Heliox21 for use in the community were included. We requested hospital admission data (from patient’s GP and secondary care physicians) between June 2013–June 2015, and reviewed medical and rSLT notes for demographic information/co-morbidity data/opinions of Heliox21. <h3>Results</h3> Five patients met the inclusion criteria, three were available for analysis; one male and two female (aged 23,43,57 years). All had treated co-morbidities of asthma (BTS step 5) and reflux. One patient had treated nasal disease. Six-months prior to community Heliox21 administration the mean (range) number of hospital admissions was 11 (8–13); after instigation, during the same follow-up period, this reduced by 81% (2 admissions) and two patients had no hospitalisations. In all patients rSLT occurred simultaneously. Patient opinions included, ‘heliox gives me time to start my therapy and means I don’t ring 999 straight away,’ and, ‘heliox stops me from going to A&amp;E all the time.’ Two patients, who had completed rSLT, had Heliox21 removed as it was no longer needed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Heliox21 has a positive impact on reducing VCD hospital admissions and is a low cost short-term solution (£160 set-up, £8.50 month). This retrospective review has limitations; the impact of rSLT alone on admission rates needs to be compared. Further investigation is needed to examine the worth of Heliox21 as an initial adjunct to rSLT, with consideration of how to prevent reliance.
Metaglucagon Diabetes in Rabbits
Authors: J. Logothetopoulos, B. B. Sharma, J. M. Salter, C. H. Best
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IT has been shown in this and other laboratories that the administration of glucagon will produce an intense but temporary diabetes in force-fed rats and in human subjects.1 2 3 However, a diabetes persisting after cessation of glucagon treatment has not been reported in any species. This paper is a preliminary account of investigations yielding evidence that when immature rabbits are treated with glucagon for a prolonged period a "metaglucagon diabetes" can be produced.Methods and ProceduresThe litters of three albino rabbits of mixed origin were used. Treatment was started on the third postnatal day. Nine of the animals received a . . .