tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4712: Chemotherapy-enhanced NFkB pathway activation in gynecological cancers increases the differentiation of monocytes to M2 macrophages instead of dendritic cells.
Authors: Sjoerd H. Van Der Burg, Eveline M. Dijkgraaf, Marij J.P. Welters, Judith R. Kroep
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Current therapy of gynecological malignancies consists of platinum-containing chemotherapy. Resistance to therapy is associated with increased levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), two inflammatory mediators known to skew differentiation of monocytes to tumor-promoting M2 macrophages. We investigated the impact of cisplatin and carboplatin on 10 different cervical and ovarian cancer cell lines as well as on the differentiation and function of monocytes cultured in the presence of these tumor cells in vitro. Treatment with cisplatin or carboplatin increased the potency of tumor cell lines to induce IL10-producing M2 macrophages which displayed increased levels of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) due to tumor-produced IL-6 as well as decreased levels of activated STAT1 and STAT6 related to the PGE2-production of tumor cells. Blockade of canonical NFκB signaling showed that the effect of chemotherapy depended on the enhanced activation of the NFκB pathway and subsequent increased production of PGE2 and IL-6 by tumor cell lines originally producing these factors. Treatment with cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibitor indomethacin and/or the clinical monoclonal antibody against IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), tocilizumab, prevented M2-differentiation. Importantly, no correlation existed between the production of PGE2 or IL-6 by cancer cells and their resistance to chemotherapy induced death, indicating that other mechanisms underlie the reported chemoresistance of tumors producing these factors. Our data suggests that a chemotherapy-mediated increase in tumor-promoting M2 macrophages may form an indirect mechanism for chemoresistance. Hence, concomitant therapy with COX-inhibitors and/or IL-6R antibodies might increase the clinical effect of platinum-based chemotherapy in otherwise resistant tumors. Citation Format: Sjoerd H. Van Der Burg, Eveline M. Dijkgraaf, Marij J.P. Welters, Judith R. Kroep. Chemotherapy-enhanced NFkB pathway activation in gynecological cancers increases the differentiation of monocytes to M2 macrophages instead of dendritic cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4712. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4712
Comparison of EUS-Guided Trucut with EUS-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration in Subepithelial Tumors: Preliminary Results of a Prospective Study
Authors: A Ginès, G Fernández-Esparrach, M Pellisé, L Argüello, M Solé, LL Colomo, O Sendino, L Moura, A Gimeno, A Mata, J Llach, JM Bordas
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: Subepithelial tumors are difficult to diagnose on the basis of cytology alone. Aim: to prospectively compare diagnostic accuracy of EUS-guided trucut needly biopsy (EUS-TNB) with EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of subepithelial tumors. Patients and Methods: we included ten consecutive patients who underwent both EUS-TNB and EUS-FNA of a subepithelial lesion. Inclusion criteria were: 1. diameter >2cm; 2. solid lesion and 3. Platelet count >50,000 and protrombine time >50%. The order of EUS-TNB and EUS-FNA was randomly assigned. All procedures were performed with the patient under conscious sedation. The biopsy was obtained with a disposable 19-gauge trucut biopsy needle and EUS-FNA with a disposable 22-gauge needle. All specimens were evaluated by one on-site cytopathologist who assessed the quality of the specimen. The patient underwent as many passes as necessary until a complete cylinder was identified or until the cytopathologist informed that an adequate specimen was obtained for EUS-TNB and EUS-FNA respectively, with a maximum of three passes in both cases. Final diagnosis was based on cytology or histology and immunohistochemical determinations when appropriated. Results: Ten tumors were sampled with a mean size of 58 (+61) x 37 (+ 27)mm. All lesions were in the stomach. The mean number of passes was 1.5+0.7 with EUS-TNB and 1.7+0.8 with EUS-FNA (p=ns). Final diagnosis was stromal tumor (n=8) and carcinoma (n=2). EUS-TNB provided with the diagnosis in 7/10 cases (70%) and immunohistochemical determination of C-kit was possible in 6/6 tumors in which it was indicated (100%). EUS-FNA provided with the diagnosis in 9/10 cases (90%, p=ns), however, the immunohistochemical determination of C-kit was only possible in 5/9 tumors in which it was indicated (55%, p=0.056). Device failure occurred in two out of the three tumors not diagnosed by trucut. EUS-FNA was possible in all of them. There were no complications. Conclusions: Determination of c-kit seems to be more reliable in the tissue specimen provided by EUS-TNB. EUS-FNA can serve as a rescue technique in cases of Trucut failure. More patients have to be studied before taking definitive conclusions about final accuracy of the two techniques.
OP0239 What constitutes the characteristic fat lesion on MRI of the sacroiliac joints in early spondyloarthritis?:
Authors: U. Weber, S.J. Pedersen, V. Zubler, K. Rufibach, S. Chan, R.G. Lambert, M. Ostergaard, W.P. Maksymowych
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> It is well known that fat infiltration (FI) of bone marrow may be observed on T1-weighted MRI in the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) of both healthy individuals and patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). But it is unclear whether the MRI features of FI allow characterization of FI as pathological rather than physiological. Moreover, it is unclear if this might have diagnostic utility in early SpA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess which MRI features of fat contribute to diagnostic utility of SIJ MRI in 2 inception cohorts of early SpA. <h3>Methods</h3> Cohort A comprised 69 consecutive patients ≤50 years referred from primary care and rheumatology practices for assessment of back pain, cohort B comprised 88 consecutive patients ≤50 years with acute anterior uveitis and back pain. They were classified according to clinical examination and pelvic X-ray as having non-radiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA) (n=20 and 31 for cohorts A and B, respectively), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) (n=10 and 24), or mechanical back pain (MBP) (n=39 and 33). Cohort A also comprised 20 healthy volunteers (HV). SIJ MRI were assessed independently in random order by 4 blinded readers for the following morphological features of FI: distinct border around the region of FI, homogeneity of the T1W signal, proximity to subchondral bone, and association with other SIJ lesions (bone marrow edema, erosion). <h3>Results</h3> FI of the SIJ in cohort A and B was recorded by the majority (≥3/4) of readers in AS in 60% and 73.9%, in nr-axSpA in 40% and 38.7%, in MBP in 20.5% and 12.1%, respectively, and in HV in 10%. Diagnostic utility (mean of 4 readers for cohort A/B) of SIJ FI in nr-axSpA vs MBP patients: <h3>Conclusions</h3> FI characterized by a distinct border or homogeneity on SIJ MRI had substantial diagnostic utility in early SpA. FI in combination with BME or ER also showed high diagnostic utility. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The tobacco‐using periodontal patient: role of the dental practitioner in tobacco cessation and periodontal disease management
Authors: Benjamin W. Chaffee, Elizabeth T. Couch, Mark I. Ryder
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2016)

Although the prevalence of tobacco use has declined in some parts of the world, tobacco use remains a persistent and, in some cases, growing problem that will continue to be a fundamental challenge facing dental practitioners in the decades ahead. Dental practitioners have a unique opportunity and professional obligation to be a positive influence in reducing the economic and social burden inflicted by tobacco use on dental and general health. In this article, the current noninvasive, evidence-based approaches are presented for dental practitioners to help patients avoid initiating tobacco use, to encourage and assist patients in ceasing tobacco use and to address tobacco-induced damage to periodontal supporting tissues.
Migration of embolization coils placed to stop a severe iatrogenic bleed following endoscopic ultrasound-guided cystogastrostomy
Authors: Antonino Granata, Gabriele Curcio, Neville Azzopardi, Ilaria Tarantino, Luca Barresi, Roberto Miraglia, Mario Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 32-year-old man with a large symptomatic pseudocyst was referred for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cystogastrostomy. The procedure was complicated by an iatrogenic bleed from the pseudocyst border, which was associated with hypovolemia and a significant drop in hemoglobin.
893 VARIATIONS OF VITAMIN D LEVELS IN GENOTYPE 1HEPATITIS C PATIENTS UNDERGOING ANTIVIRAL THERAPY CORRELATE WITH STAGE OF FIBROSIS BUT NOT WITH TREATMENT OUTCOME
Authors: G. Grammatikos, S. Süsser, S. Schwendy, N. Dikopoulos, P. Buggisch, J. Encke, G. Teuber, T. Goeser, R. Thimme, G. Klinker, W.O. Boecher, E. Ramos-Lopez, K. Badenhoop, E. Schulte-Frohlinde, S. Zeuzem, T. Berg, C. Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Child poverty is rising in US
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Infant mortality in the United States has hit an all time low, but the number of children living below the poverty level is rising, according to a federal government report released last week.

America's Children: Key National Indicators of Well-Being , the second annual government report, was initiated by President Clinton to provide a picture of the wellbeing of America's 70 million children. The report shows that even with growth in the nation's economy, …
An unpredictable complication during percutaneous endoscopic tube placement: esophageal perforation
Authors: Ahmet Agan
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) was performed to provide an enteral feeding route. Major and minor complications related to this procedure include, aspiration, wound infections, necrotizing fasciitis, peritonitis, abscess, peristomal leakage, pneumoperitoneum, ileus, portomesenteric venous gas, colon injury, gastrocolocutaneous fistulae, abdominal wall bleeding, intra-abdominal bleeding, gastric outlet obstruction, inadvertent gastrostomy tube removal, spleen trauma, clogged PEG tube, tumor implantation at PEG site, and buried bumper syndrome [1] [2].
P284 CD4+RORgt+ CELLS AND TREGS IN HFD-INDUCED NON ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS (NASH) MOUSE MODEL
Authors: L. Vonghia, N. Ruyssers, D. Schrijvers, B. De Winter, P. Pelckmans, P. Michielsen, L. De Clerck, E. Jirillo, D. Ebo, C. Bridts, S. Francque
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 5676: Farnesoid X receptor-mediated carcinogenic effects of bile acid in esophageal cancer: A potential chemoprevention target
Authors: Baoxiang Guan, Xiaochun Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract OBJECTIVES: The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increasing in the United States. Frequent gastroesophageal reflux or gastroesophageal reflux disease, resulting in Barrett esophagus, may be responsible for the increase. In the present study, we determined the carcinogenic effects of bile acid in esophageal cancer and then explored the use of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) inhibitor guggulsterone to control tumor cell viability and gene expression. METHODS: Cell culture, Western blot, RT-PCR, gene transfection, and immunohistochemistry assays were used. RESULTS: We found that bile acid inhibited RAR-β2 and RRIG1 but induced COX-2 expression in a dose- and time-dependent manner and that FXR, the bile acid receptor, was responsible. Furthermore, bile acid also induced FXR expression in esophageal cancer cell lines. Knockdown of FXR expression using FXR shRNA antagonized the effects of bile acid in gene expression. We then demonstrated that guggulsterone treatment was able to reduce the viability of esophageal cancer cells and induce RAR-β2 and RRIG1 expression but suppress COX-2 and MMP-9 expression. In addition, ex vivo data demonstrated that FXR was highly expressed in both esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (71%) and adenocarcinoma (81%) tissues and was associated with reduced RAR-β2 and RRIG1 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Suppression of FXR activity using FXR shRNA or its inhibitor guggulsterone was able to antagonize bile acid in regulating gene expression and cancer viability. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5676.
South Africa's Health: New South Africa's mental health
Authors: R. Kale
Journal: BMJ (1995)

PregnancyBeriberi Liver failure Practical points * A high index of suspicion is required in all patients admitted to intensive care to identify those patients with adrenocortical failure * Acute adrenocortical failure is best diagnosed with stimulation testing with tetracosactrin * Steroid replacement treatment should not be delayed by waiting for cortisol concentrations to be reported * Treatment with dexamethasone will not interfere with stimulation testing with tetracosactrin This is the third in a series of articles reporting on health care in South Africa BJ, London WC1H 9JR
Etude des facteurs prédictifs de succès du drainage endoscopique des sténoses hilaires tumorales
Authors: A Vienne, A Chryssostalis, E Hobeika, N Lapidus, B Ducot, J Fritsch, AD Choury, M Gaudric, G Pelletier, S Chaussade, C Buffet, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Objectif: Les sténoses hilaires tumorales sont généralement associées à un ictère. Le pronostic global est sombre avec une survie à 5 ans inférieure à 10% et des possibilités de résection chirurgicale à visée curative limitées. Le drainage biliaire palliatif est une question centrale et ses modalités techniques restent controversées. L'objectif principal de cette étude était de dégager des facteurs prédictifs du succès du drainage biliaire endoscopique en fonction des éléments d'imagerie hépatique (TDM ou IRM). L'objectif secondaire était d'individualiser les facteurs associés à la survie, à l'amélioration de l'état général et à la survenue de complications infectieuses. Ces éléments permettraient de mieux définir a priori le type de drainage à réaliser.
The screening of breast cancer awareness and health behaviors of women age 40 to 69 in Mus, the least developed city in Turkey: A population based, cross-sectional study.
Authors: Tolga Ozmen, Salih Yuce, Tekin Guler, Canan Ulun, Nilufer Ozaydin, Sandhya Pruthi, Nezih Akkapulu, Koray Karabulut, Vahit Ozmen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12569 Background: Evaluation of the mammography-screening rate and breast cancer awareness of women aged 40-69 living in the city of Mus, the least developed city in Turkey. Methods: In this population-based cross-sectional study, 2420 women living in Mus and aged 40 to 69 were selected randomly from Turkish Statistical Institute's women list and surveyed. Results: In this study 2054 women were surveyed with a participation rate of 85%. The mammography-screening rate was 35%. 1% of the women had a diagnosis of breast cancer. Women aged from 50 to 59 had a higher rate of getting mammography in the last 2 years (42%). Also women having a regular OB-GYN visit, reading at least one newspaper a day and having social security insurance had a higher screening rate (42%, 44% and 39%, respectively). Women mostly declared TV and radio as the main sources of information on breast cancer (34%), but the women who were informed mainly by their doctors and nurses had a higher screening rate (42%). Women who knew breast cancer as the most common cancer in females (36%), who agreed that breast cancer is curable if detected early (36%) and who knew screening mammography is free of charge (42%) had a higher screening rate. Women who declared having a healthy diet (36%) and women who agreed to the phrase
AB0829 Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase by 1- [2'-Aminophenyl]-3-[3-(2-CHLORO-6-METHYLQUINOLYL)] Prop-2-Ene-1-One
Authors: H. Ikram, B. Imen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a ubiquitous cytoplasmic protein that catalyzes the final two steps in purine catabolism. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase is a key element in the treatement of gout <h3>Objectives</h3> In this work, we determine the binding affinity and the interaction mode of 1- [29-aminophenyl]-3-[3-(2-chloro-6-methylquinolyl)] prop-2-ene-1-one to bind to the xanthine oxidase active site <h3>Methods</h3> <i>1. Materials.</i> Xanthine oxidase (XO, EC 1.2.3.2), xanthine (X) were purchased from Calbiochem and Sigma respectively. CHAL1 was synthesized by subjecting a series of anilides to vilsmeier reagent. The structure was confirmed by spectroscopic analysis (IR, RMN and MS). Spectrophotometer was used for spectrophotometric measurements. <i>2. Methods.</i><i>2.1. Docking Modeling:</i> Ligand docking, protein-ligand interactions, and energy minimization of the complexes were performed using ArgusLab. The favorable binding orientations of the ligands were focused in the active site. The crystal structure of xanthine oxidase was retrieved from the Protein Data Bank with the corresponding entry code. <i>2.2. Drug-likeness analyses:</i> To evaluate drug-likeness of CHAL1, we have verified if it possess properties that make it likely orally active drug. For this, we have used five rules formulated by Christopher A Lipinski. <i>2.3. Xanthine oxidase activity assay:</i> The enzyme activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically by measuring uric acid formation at 295 nm, Δɛ<sub>295</sub>=9.7 mM<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup> with xanthine as substrate. <h3>Results</h3> Modeling docking was performed by selecting "ArgusDock" as the docking engine. A spacing of 0.4 Å between the grid points was used. 150 poses were analyzed; binding site box size was set to 18.08x18.48 x14.58 Å, to encompass all the active site. During docking simulations, the protein is considered as rigid. The binding modes of Allopurinol to the active site of xanthine oxidase indicated the same position and interaction as in the case of Salicylate, except for H-bond with GLU802.The superposition of CHAL1 with Salicylate revealed that the quinolyl ring is superimposed on Salicylate. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our investigation of CHAL1 and two known inhibitors, Allopurinol and salycilate, demonstrated the good binding affinity of CHAL1. The latter has formed more stable complex with xanthine oxidase than the two former ones. In the presence of xanthine as substrate, it was determined that CHAL1 inhibits the activity of XO by more than 70%. This result indicate that docking simulation assist significantly the drug discovery process and open possibility to use and develop the aromatic a,b-unsaturated carbonyl compounds for the therapeutic treatment of gout. CHAL1 respects the Lipinski9s rule, making it a likely orally active drug. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5861
LONG TERM VARIATION OF HIGH ON TREATMENT PLATELET REACTIVITY AFTER AN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Joakim Alfredsson, Tomas Lindahl, Kerstin M. Gustafsson, Magnus Janzon, Lena Jonasson, Elisabeth Logander, Lennart Nilsson, Eva Swahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 560: Mechanical stress activates a mitotic checkpoint in multicellular tumor spheroids.
Authors: Annaïck Desmaison, Katia Grenier, Celine Frongia, Corinne Lorenzo, Bernard Ducommun, Valerie Lobjois
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Expanding solid tumors are subjected to mechanical stress that impact on their growth rate and development. However little is known on the mechanisms by which mechanical cues are acting on tumor cell biology. To address that issue, we used MultiCellular Tumor Spheroid (MCTS), a 3D model recapitulating the microenvironment, the proliferative gradient and cell-cell interactions found in a tumor. To test the impact of mechanical stress on tumor cell proliferation, we first designed, produced and used dedicated polymer microdevices in which MCTS engineered to express fluorescent biomarkers were confined to apply mechanical constraints. We observe that under constraints, MCTS display a high proportion of mitotic cells in low proliferative regions of confined spheroids. We show that these cells are being arrested in mitosis for at least 24 hours (EdU incorporation neg.) and that mitotic arrest is not caused by impairment of rounding. We next used live SPIM (Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy) 3D imaging to monitor mitosis progression in isotropically constrained MCTS. We show that constraint impairs bipolar spindle assembly and delays progression toward metaphase-anaphase transition. Our data indicate that in a multicellular structure mechanical constraints are responsible for a defect in cell cycle progression associated with a mitotic arrest. Citation Format: Annaïck Desmaison, Katia Grenier, Celine Frongia, Corinne Lorenzo, Bernard Ducommun, Valerie Lobjois. Mechanical stress activates a mitotic checkpoint in multicellular tumor spheroids. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 560. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-560
The role of airway mucus in pulmonary toxicology.
Authors: J M Samet, P W Cheng
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Airway mucus is a complex airway secretion whose primary function as part of the mucociliary transport mechanism is to to serve as renewable and transportable barrier against inhaled particulates and toxic agents. The rheologic properties necessary for this function are imparted by glycoproteins, or mucins. Some respiratory disease states, e.g., asthma, cystic fibrosis, and bronchitis, are characterized by quantitative and qualitative changes in mucus biosynthesis that contribute to pulmonary pathology. Similar alterations in various aspects of mucin biochemistry and biophysics, leading to mucus hypersecretion and altered mucus rheology, result from inhalation of certain air pollutants, such as ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and cigarette smoke. The consequences of these pollutant-induced alterations in mucus biology are discussed in the context of pulmonary pathophysiology and toxicology.
Usefulness of F-18 FDG PET/CT in the Evaluation of Neck Swelling in Polymorphic Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder After Renal Transplantation
Authors: Sung Hoon Kim, Seok Kil Zeon, Byung Wook Choi, Hae Won Kim, Kyoung Sook Won, Su Jin Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 38-year-old man with a history of renal transplantation presented with a 3-month history of bilateral neck swelling. Ultrasonography of the neck showed multiple enlarged lymph nodes at the bilateral neck. Histologic examination of a specimen from an excisional biopsy at right level II cervical lymph node revealed polymorphic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan was performed for further evaluation. The scan revealed marked enlargement and intense hypermetabolism of the lymph nodes along the bilateral cervical lymph node chains (Fig. 1). Several reports have described that diverse infectious or inflammatory disorders and malignant diseases show various degree of FDG uptake of cervical lymph nodes. This case illustrates that the possibility of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder should be considered in renal transplant patients with increased FDG uptake of cervical lymph nodes on F-18 FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan.