tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is the implementation of alternative cancer remedies the result of the applicant's personality
Authors: R. Von Georgi, W. Niemeyer, P. Grant, K. Münstedt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6088 Background: In a worldwide first study on the topic (see Abst. ASCO, 2003) a questionnaire (A-ACT-Q) for the measurement of the underlying dimensions of physicians' attitudes towards alternative cancer therapy (ACT) was devised. This study validates the results and quality of the A-ACT-Q in a sample of 320 medical students. Methods: Apart from the A-ACT-Q the entire inventory contained several personality questionnaires (NEO-FFI, Help- and Hopelessness and Rationality/Emotional defense). Results: Factor analysis of the A-ACT-Q yielded four underlying dimensions of attitudes towards ACT, all featuring high reliability indices: 1. Openness (α=.89), (Knowledge, α=.84; Application (α=.79); 2. Rigidity (α=.92) (Internal-, α=.89; and External, α=.81); 3. Economic Efficiancy (α=.78), 4. Desperation (α=.86). Further analyses (MANOVA, regression analyses) showed anxious undergraduates in opposition to students near at the graduate (graduanti) to regard ACT as equal, yet cheaper means of therapy. Graduanti with high rationality believe ACT to be money-grubbing and a waste of time. Graduanti with high anxiety-scores, however, show much interest in ACT-training, whereas students with high levels of hopelessness seek out ACT, in order to acquiesce to patients' wishes. Students with low levels of hopelessness, on the other hand, have faith in traditional medicine, as do students with low anxiety- and at the same time high extroversion-scores. Conclusions: The dimensions of the A-ACT-Q could be replicated and are shown to be reliable and valid. These results concur with those of the preliminary study done on physicians and show attitudes towards ACT to be dependent on personality and professional socialisation. This would suggest decisions on the implementation of therapy not being made on the ground of empirical fact, but rather being the result of predispositioned personality variables. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Image Gallery: Vasculo-Behçet disease
Authors: K. Muramatsu, H. Ujiie, T. Ito, Y. Fujita, D. Inokuma, I. Tsukinaga, T. Abe, S. Shirai, N. Fukuda, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Funding sources: no external funding. Conflicts of interest: none to declare. A 31‐year‐old Japanese man presented with a 1‐week history of sudden pain and swelling of the left leg (a). Enhanced computed tomography scan revealed thrombosis in the veins of the left lower extremity (b). The deep venous thrombosis (DVT) was refractory to anticoagulant therapies. Recurrent oral ulcers had appeared over the course of 2 years (c). Erythema nodosum‐like lesions on the right hand (d) and an anal ulcer (e) had appeared a month after the occurrence of the DVT. There were no ophthalmological, gastrointestinal or neural problems. The diagnosis of Vasculo‐Behçet disease, defined as Behçet disease with vascular involvement,1 was made. His lesions improved completely a month after the administration of colchicine. However, colchicine was discontinued due to liver dysfunction 3 months after initiation. Although DVT of the left lower extremity and cutaneous lesions relapsed, dapsone achieved remission, and has maintained it with no complications for a year. ...
Abstract 3965: MicroRNA markers for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Motohiro Kojima, Hiroko Sudo, Junpei Kawauchi, Satoko Takizawa, Satoshi Kondou, Hitoshi Nobumasa, Atsushi Ochiai
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract It is recently reported that microRNAs (miRNAs) are stably present in serum and potentially useful in the diagnosis of cancer. Using highly sensitive microarray, 3D-Gene®, we examined comprehensive miRNA expression profiles in serum obtained from 66 pancreatic cancer patients and 100 matched healthy volunteer as the study set, and found that 122 miRNA markers differentiated pancreatic cancer patients from healthy control with a statistical significance. We then validated the diagnostic performance of these markers using serum obtained from 33 pancreatic cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. One of the single miRNA markers for pancreatic cancer yielded more than 90% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and combined use of two markers perfectly differentiated cancer and healthy samples. Furthermore, combinations of miRNAs that differentiated pancreatic cancer not only from healthy samples but also from non-malignant pancreatic diseases or other digestive (esophagus, stomach, liver and colon) cancers were also identified, and their diagnostic accuracies were superior to those of CEA or CA19-9. Our results suggest that these miRNA markers have clinical values to screen out pancreatic cancer patients. Citation Format: Motohiro Kojima, Hiroko Sudo, Junpei Kawauchi, Satoko Takizawa, Satoshi Kondou, Hitoshi Nobumasa, Atsushi Ochiai. MicroRNA markers for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3965. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3965
MDM2 Inhibitor Nutlin-3a Induces p53-Dependent Apoptosis Via Transcription-Dependent and -Independent Pathways and Overcomes Fludarabine-Resistance in CLL.
Authors: Kensuke Kojima, Marina Konopleva, Ismael J. Samudio, Teresa McQueen, Twee Tsao, Zhihong Zeng, William K. Plunkett, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2005)
Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on time to relapse in cholangiocarcinoma.
Authors: S. Di Girolamo, E. Nobili, E. Derenzini, F. de Rosa, V. Agostini, G. Ercolani, J. Corbelli, A. Pinna, G. Biasco, G. Brandi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

299 Background: Biliary tract cancer is a rare malignancy with poor prognosis. Surgery is the only potential curative approach, but even if surgical intervention is performed correctly the relapse risk remains very high. In adjuvant setting only few randomized trials using no standard treatments and producing controversial data are reported in literature. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis on 144 consecutive biliary tract cancer patients (pts), undergone potentially curative resection in our institution (109 pts with R0 surgery and 31 pts with R1 surgery). The series included 57 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ICC), 68 extrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (ECC), 19 gallbladder cancers (GBC) (Table). Median age was 63, 80 pts were males and 64 pts were females. 80 (60 R0 and 20 R1) out of 144 pts received adjuvant chemotherapy and the remaining 64 pts (49 R0 and 15 R1) started a follow-up program. Adjuvant chemotherapy schedule was gemcitabine 1000 mg/m 2 at day 1, 8, 15 every 28, for six months. Results: Median time to relapse (TTR) in the treatment group and in the follow-up group were 18 months and 11 months respectively (p=0.038). No grade 3-4 chemotherapy-related adverse events were observed and only grade 1-2 thrombocytopenia occurred. This hematologic toxicity did not affect treatment dose intensity. Conclusions: Our preliminary retrospective analysis suggests a significant advantage of adjuvant treatment on TTR in radically resected biliary tract cancer patients, although further placebo-controlled double blind trials are required. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
QOL-12SELF- AND PROXY-REPORTED CLINICAL OUTCOMES ASSESSMENTS (COAS) IN A LARGE COHORT OF CHILDREN WITH EPENDYMOMA.
Authors: Eugene Hwang, Kristina Hardy, Terri Armstrong, Alvina Acquaye, Mark Gilbert, Tito Mendoza
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: There has been increasing emphasis on the evaluation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in children with brain tumors. These metrics are especially critical for children with ependymoma, who frequently have prolonged treatment courses and undergo recurring cycles of remission and progression that may lead to significant morbidity. However, very few studies have examined PROs or COAs in children with ependymoma. This study details the COA data derived from the Pediatric Ependymoma Outcomes (PEO) project within the CERN Foundation. METHODS: Data in the PEO study were collected via an online survey using self-report and parent-proxy measures in the PROMIS battery, specifically, the Physical Function-Upper Extremity, Physical Function-Mobility, Pain Interference, Fatigue, Anxiety, Depression, Anger, and Peer Relations scales. RESULTS: Twenty-seven parent-child dyads participated. Self-reporters were 59.3% male, 85.2% non-Hispanic white, and had a mean age of 11.7 years (range, 5-22). Parent-proxy reports were completed by more mothers (74.1%), who were well-educated (74% at least some college education). Of importance, mean scores for most scales were generally within normal limits, reflecting good overall functioning. Even so, approximately a third of self- and parent-reports (32% and 36%, respectively) described poor physical mobility (at least 1 SD below the mean). In addition, a third of parents (32%) perceived their children as having elevated levels of fatigue. Finally, although children generally indicated typical levels of anger, depression, or anxiety, nearly a third (32%) reported peer relations that were at least one SD below the mean. Associations between demographics, disease, and treatment variables will also be presented. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ependymoma and their parents reported average COA as a group across multiple scales, demonstrating general physical and psychosocial well-being. However, there is a sizable percentage of children who exhibit difficulties in physical and social adaptation following diagnosis.
SCD-101: A New Anti-Sickling Drug Reduces Pain and Fatigue and Improves Red Blood Cell Shape in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Robert Swift, Osheiza Abdulmalik, Qiukan Chen, Toshio Asakura, Kelsey Gustafson, James E Simon, Virdah Zaman, Kevin Alexis Quiusky, Kathryn L. Hassell, Iuliana Shapira, Gurinder Sidhu, Tracian James-Goulbourne, Kisha Carrington, John Muthu, Peter N Gillette
Journal: Blood (2016)
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Patients with Highly Nilotinib-Resistant BCR-ABL Mutations Demonstrate Similar Efficacy to Dasatinib, but Have a Higher Likelihood of Developing New Mutations in the Event of Clinical Resistance
Authors: Qian Jiang, Ya-Zhen Qin, Yue-Yun Lai, Bin Jiang, Hao Jiang, Hong-Xia Shi, Xiao-Jun Huang
Journal: Blood (2012)
DNA Methylation Profiling Predicts Clinical Outcomes and Reveals Unique Insights Into the Molecular Complexity of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Maria E Figueroa, Sanne Lugthart, Yushan Li, Claudia Erpelinck-Verschueren, Xutao Deng, Paul J. Christos, Elizabeth Schifano, Jim Booth, Lucy Skrabanek, Fabien Campagne, Madhu Mazumdar, John Greally, Peter Valk, Bob Lowenberg, Ruud Delwel, Ari Melnick
Journal: Blood (2009)
516. A Novel Oncolytic Adenovirus Expressing Tumor Microenvironment Stimulators to Evoke and Facilitate Anti-Tumor Immune Responses
Authors: Jessica Wenthe, Emma Eriksson, Ioanna Milenova, Rafael Moreno, Ramon Alemany, Angelica Loskog
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Immunotherapy is becoming a cornerstone in cancer treatment of many indications. So far, pancreatic cancer has shown little response to so called checkpoint blockade antibodies. However, animal data suggests that activating immunotherapies releases the effect of checkpoint blockade also in pancreatic cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TEM) supports the growth of the tumor cells and consists of stroma cells, fibroblasts (stellate), blood vessels and immune cells. In some tumor lesions, such as those in pancreatic cancer, the TEM is dense and comprises most of the lesion. The TEM regulates immune activity via its high content of M2 macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells and T regulatory cells. Further, the dysfunctional blood vessels in lesions are not optimal for recruiting lymphocytes. With these aspects in mind, LOAd703 was developed. LOAd703 is an oncolytic adenovirus carrying TEM modulators. LOAd703 contains E2F binding sites that control the expression of an E1a gene deleted at the pRB-binding domain to achieve replication conditional on a dysfunctional, hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma pathway. The genome was further altered by removing E3-6.7K and gp19K, changing the serotype 5 fiber to a serotype 35 fiber to target CD46 expressed by most tumors, as well as by adding a CMV-driven transgene cassette with the human transgenes for a trimerized, membrane-bound (TMZ) CD40 ligand (TMZ-CD40L) and the full length 4-1BB ligand (4-1BBL). Hence, the transgenes will be expressed in both tumor and stroma while oncolysis is initiated in the tumor cells. We demonstrate herein that LOAd703 infection of a panel of pancreatic cancer cell lines efficiently induced tumor cell death within 48-72 hrs post infection as evaluated with MTS viability assay. However, LOAd703 infection of dendritic cells demonstrated an increased maturation and production of cytokines and chemokines as shown by flow cytometry and ProSeek. These DCs could in turn potently activate and promote expansion of both T- and NK cells. Further, LOAd703 infection of endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced upregulation of molecules involved in lymphocyte attachment, rolling and transmigration as shown by flow cytometry. Finally, stellate cells down regulated many factors that otherwise promote tumor growth such as Spp1, Gal-3, HGF, P1GF, TGFb and collagen type I in response to the transgenes (ProSeek). In murine xenograft and syngeneic models, LOAd703 was able to control tumor growth and could be combined with gemcitabine, which is standard of care treatment for pancreatic cancer. mLOAd703-infected tumor cells could induce immunity in a syngeneic model (Panc02/C57Bl6). In conclusion, LOAd703 is a novel oncolytic virus that targets both the tumor and its TME. A clinical trial is underway to elucidate its effect in pancreatic cancer.
Failure of Asparagine (ASN) Depletion, Not Inadequate Asparaginase (ASNase) Activity, Predicts Relapse in Standard Risk (SR) Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL): A Children’s Oncology Group (COG) Report.
Authors: Vassilios I. Avramis, John S. Holcenberg, Alice G. Ettinger, Linda C. Stork, Mei La, Paul S. Gaynon
Journal: Blood (2007)
Therapeutic strategy involving endoscopic resection for cN0 superficial carcinoma of the esophagus.
Authors: T. Iizuka, D. Kikuchi, S. Hoteya
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

1 Background: With the progress in endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) which enables en bloc resection irrespective of the size of lesion, a therapeutic strategy has become feasible whereby ESD is undertaken first, followed by considering additional treatment based on the results of histologic exploration. In this study, we attempted to clarify the clinical results in patients who had undergone additional treatment after endoscopic resection (ER) for cN0 superficial carcinoma. Methods: Of 140 patients diagnosed as having T1a-MM-SM2 lesions of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus who had undergone ER between January 1998 and March 2010, 83 patients who received additional treatment after ER (surgery, 27 pts; chemoradiotherapy [CRT], 56 pts.) were the subjects of this study. The mean duration of observation was 45.1 months. Results: The en bloc resection rate was 86%. There were 5 patients (6%) who had complications associated with ER, including perforation in 2 patients, secondary hemorrhage in a patient and pneumonia in 2 patients. Complications associated with additional treatment were noted in 13 patients (15.6%), including secondary hemorrhage, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and pulmonary infarction in one patient each, pneumonia in 3, grade ≥ 3 myelosuppression in 5, and syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and radiation pneumonitis in one patient each. Long-term follow-up revealed no local recurrence and no patients who experienced late toxicity due to CRT. The tumor recurred in 4 patients, the site of recurrent lesion being the mediastinum in 3 patients and the cervical lymph node in one patient, of whom 2 patients died of the primary disease. The 5-year survival rate was 88.4%. Conclusions: Endoscopic resection plus additional treatment for superficial carcinoma of the esophagus did not entail the development of any serious complications; thus, such combined treatment was safe and feasible. The long-term follow-up results were fairly gratifying, and ER with subsequent additional treatment is considered to be valid for patients with cN0 superficial carcinoma of the esophagus. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 2303: Impact of synbiotics administration on tumorigenesis of colon cancer mouse model
Authors: Yasufumi Saito, Takao Hinoi, Tomohiro Adachi, Manabu Shimomura, Masashi Miguchi, Hiroaki Niitsu, Masatoshi Kochi, Hideki Ohdan, Kazuhiro Sentani, Naohide Oue, Wataru Yasui
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction: Previous study showed that Synbiotics might have beneficial effect in human and animal colitis like ulcerative colitis. However, it is not well known that the influence of Synbiotics for tumorigenesis in colon cancer. The aim of present study was to investigate the influence of Synbiotics in colon cancer mouse model and colitis associated cancer mouse model. Methods: Mouse stains carrying colon epithelium-preferential Apc mutation (CPC;Apc mice), that show sporadic colorectal adenomas and carcinomas are used in this study. We also used CPC;Apc mice consumed 1%Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS) as colitis associated colon cancer model, developing apploximately fourfold more adenomas and adenocarcinomas than CPC;Apc not consumed. At first, 9 of CPC;Apc mice were administerated symbiotics (Probiotics (Lactobacillus) 0.1g + Prebiotics (Oligosaccharide) 10mg/0.3ml/body) between 7 and 20 age in weeks and 10 was not administerated. Secondaly, using 9 of CPC;Apc consumed 1%DSS was administrated Symbiotics, 8 of not administrated, 7 of only Probiotics, and 7 of only Prebiotics. Body weight was measured weekly. Fecal microbial analysis was performed. At sacrifice in 21 age in weeks, the small and large bowel were histologically assessed. Results: Synbiotics administration group has no differences of tumorigenesis comparing to control group (tumor incidence rate(88.9%(8/9) vs. 62.5% (5 / 8); control vs. Synbiotics; p = 0.21)average tumor number(3.2 vs. 2.1; p = 0.38), average tumor greatest diameter 5.8 vs. 5.1 mm; p = 0.51). Using CPC;Apc consumed 1%DSS, Symbiotics administration group showed inhibiting morbidity (50% (8 / 16) vs. 80% (8 / 10); control vs. Synbiotics; p = 0.04) and weight loss, and less tumor incidence than control (18.8 vs. 9.6; control vs. Synbiotics; p = 0.01). On the other hands, administration of probiotics or prebiotics alone had no significant differences of tumorigeneis. Conclusion: This data suggest that Synbiotics administration may have influence of inhibiting tumorigenesis in the colitis associated colon cancer. Citation Format: Yasufumi Saito, Takao Hinoi, Tomohiro Adachi, Manabu Shimomura, Masashi Miguchi, Hiroaki Niitsu, Masatoshi Kochi, Hideki Ohdan, Kazuhiro Sentani, Naohide Oue, Wataru Yasui. Impact of synbiotics administration on tumorigenesis of colon cancer mouse model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2303. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2303
635. Mechanisms of Caspase-1 Mediated Schwannoma Regression
Authors: Sherif G. Ahmed, Farnaz Hadaegh, Miguel Sena-Esteves, C.A. Maguire, Giulia Fulci, Xandra O. Breakefield, Gary J. Brenner
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Schwannomas are tumors composed of Schwann-lineage cells that form along peripheral nerves. These tumors can cause pain, sensory/motor dysfunction, and death through compression of peripheral nerves, the spinal cord, and/or the brain stem. Management of these tumors-essentially restricted to operative resection and gamma-knife debulking- is limited in scope and efficacy and has significant associated morbidity. Chemotherapeutic treatment strategies have shown incomplete and transient tumor regression. Treatment of Schwannomas remains a major unmet clinical need. Schwannomas are appealing targets for gene therapy as they: 1) grow slowly, 2) have cellular and genetic homogeneity, and 3) can be readily localized using magnetic resonance and/or ultrasound imaging for direct intratumoral vector injection. Gene-therapy is potentially advantageous compared to resection as gene therapy is minimally invasive, kills tumor cells without damaging tumor-associated nerve, and may allow treatment of lesions not amenable to resection. We have previously published that schwannomas can be effectively treated with a gene therapy strategy that uses an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to deliver the apoptotic and inflammatory enzyme ICE (IL1-converting enzyme, aka caspase-1) under the Schwann cell specific promoter, myelin Protein 0 (P0). It efficiently debulkes schwannomas and resolves schwannoma associated pain, without any neuronal toxicity. However, the mechanisms by which AAV-P0-ICE selectively kills schwannomas without causing schwann-cell damage and associated neural demyelination are not clear. Understanding these mechanisms would provide the basis for broader utilization of schwannoma gene therapy and insight into how we might increase the efficacy of our current therapy. Through this project we have explored how the role of the P0 promoter and the inflammasome in regulating selective killing of schwannoma cells. Our results indicate that P0 is a highly stringent promoter as it is not expressed in neurons or even in schwannoma cells grown in vitro. P0 is active only in schwann and schannoma cells in vivo, and lack of P0 activity prevents any caspase-1 induced death in other cell types. Second, our data indicates that caspase-1 killing requires concomitant activation of the inflammasome. This pathway was active in 2 different schwannoma cell lines and may be the differentiating factor that prevents caspase-1 to cause axonal demyelination following AAV-P0-ICE injection into peripheral nerve. Finally, our data indicate that adjuvant treatment with factors that stimulate the inflammasome activity increases the efficacy of caspase-1 mediated schwannoma killing. Taken together, these data strongly support the safety of using the P0 promoter for the development of gene therapies for schwannomas and provide new, more efficient, venues for schwannoma capsase-1 mediated gene therapy.