tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5228: Inhibition of myeloid cell PI3Kγ is a potential therapeutic approach to treat pancreatic cancer
Authors: Chanae R. Hardamon, Michael C. Schmid, Andrew M. Lowy, Michael Bouvet, Judith A. Varner
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Tumor inflammation plays a significant role in initiating and perpetuating tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. While normal inflammatory responses aid in wound healing, fighting infections, and destroying pathogens, tumor inflammation is self-perpetuating and plays a role in facilitating the disease, in part by inducing immunosuppression. Gr1+CD11b+ myeloid cells are the most prevalent inflammatory cells found in tumors, where they directly promote tumor angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Recent studies in our laboratories have shown that the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit isoform p110γ, which is expressed exclusively by Gr1+CD11b myeloid cells, directly promotes myeloid cell invasion and consequently, tumor immunosuppression. Genetic and pharmacological suppression of PI3Kγ activity substantially reduces myeloid cell trafficking to orthotopic Pdx1Cre;Kras+; p53+/- and other pancreatic ductal carcinomas, reduces expression of immunosuppressive factors, and inhibits pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis. These studies indicate that PI3Kγ inhibitors may be useful therapeutics for pancreatic ductal carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5228. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5228
Evidence of Protective Effects Of Wheat Fiber Grows
Authors: L. B. Crossette
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Evidence of Protective Effects Of Wheat Fiber Grows Get access Linda Baute Crossette Linda Baute Crossette Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 22, 20 November 1991, Pages 1614–1615, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.22.1614 Published: 20 November 1991
Diagnostic Accuracy of 18F Choline PET/CT using Time-of-Flight Reconstruction Algorithm in Prostate Cancer Patients With Biochemical Recurrence
Authors: Daniel Hausmann, Leonardo K. Bittencourt, Ulrike I. Attenberger, Metin Sertdemir, Anja Weidner, Karen A. Büsing, Joachim Brade, Frederik Wenz, Stefan O. Schoenberg, Dietmar J. Dinter
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Purpose Image quality (IQ) of PET in voluminous body regions can be limited, which impairs the assessment of small metastatic lesions. Time-of-flight (TOF) reconstruction algorithm may deliver an increase of spatial resolution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of TOF on IQ, lesion detection rate, lesion volume (V) and SUVmax in 18F choline PET/CT of prostate cancer patients with biochemical recurrence compared to standard PET/CT reconstruction (standard). Patients and Materials During a period of 9 months, 32 patients with prostate cancer (mean [SD] age, 71 [7.8] years) and biochemical recurrence were included in this prospective institutional review board–approved study. Each patient underwent a state-of-the-art 3-dimensional 18F choline PET/CT. A total of 76 lesions were assessed by 2 board-certified nuclear medicine physicians and a third-year resident. Lesion volume and SUVmax of local recurrence, lymph nodes, and organ metastases were compared between TOF and standard. Image quality and lesion demarcation were rated according to a 5-point Likert-type scale. Interobserver agreement was assessed. Results Eight additional lesions were detected using TOF (SUVmax, 3.64 [0.95]; V, 0.58 cm3 [0.50]). Image quality was reduced (IQ standard, 1.28; TOF, 1.77; P < 0.01) in calculated TOF images, although quality of lesion demarcation was improved (lesion demarcation: standard, 1.66; TOF, 1.26; P < 0.01). SUVmax was significantly increased in TOF images (SUVmax standard, 6.9 [4.1]; TOF, 8.1 [4.1]; P < 0.01), whereas V did not show significant differences (V standard, 5.3 [10.4] cm3; TOF, 5.4 [10.3] cm3; P = 0.41). Interobserver agreement was good for combined ratings (1 + 2 and 3 + 4). Conclusions Application of TOF seems to be of additional value to detect small metastatic lesions in patients with prostate cancer and biochemical recurrence, which may have further clinical implications for secondary treatment.
Association of Aortic-Valve Sclerosis with Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in the Elderly
Authors: Catherine M. Otto, Bonnie K. Lind, Dalane W. Kitzman, Bernard J. Gersh, David S. Siscovick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Although aortic-valve stenosis is clearly associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, it is unclear whether valve sclerosis increases the risk of cardiovascular events.We assessed echocardiograms obtained at base line from 5621 men and women 65 years of age or older who were enrolled in a population-based prospective study. On echocardiography, the aortic valve was normal in 70 percent (3919 subjects), sclerotic without outflow obstruction in 29 percent (1610), and stenotic in 2 percent (92). The subjects were followed for a mean of 5.0 years to assess the risk of death from any cause and of death from cardiovascular causes. Cardiovascular morbidity was defined as new episodes of myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, congestive heart failure, or stroke.There was a stepwise increase in deaths from any cause (P for trend, <0.001) and deaths from cardiovascular causes (P for trend, <0.001) with increasing aortic-valve abnormality; the respective rates were 14.9 and 6.1 percent in the group with normal aortic valves, 21.9 and 10.1 percent in the group with aortic sclerosis, and 41.3 and 19.6 percent in the group with aortic stenosis. The relative risk of death from cardiovascular causes among subjects without coronary heart disease at base line was 1.66 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.23 to 2.23) for those with sclerotic valves as compared with those with normal valves, after adjustment for age and sex. The relative risk remained elevated after further adjustment for clinical factors associated with sclerosis (relative risk, 1.52; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.12 to 2.05). The relative risk of myocardial infarction was 1.40 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.07 to 1.83) among subjects with aortic sclerosis, as compared with those with normal aortic valves.Aortic sclerosis is common in the elderly and is associated with an increase of approximately 50 percent in the risk of death from cardiovascular causes and the risk of myocardial infarction, even in the absence of hemodynamically significant obstruction of left ventricular outflow.
OC-106 Seronegative villous atrophy—coeliac disease just half the time?
Authors: I Aziz, K E Evans, S S Cross, D S Sanders
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Villous atrophy (VA) in the presence of a positive coeliac serology (endomysial [EMA] and tissue transglutaminase [tTG] antibodies) is highly predictive of coeliac disease (CD). However, diagnostic challenges may arise in those where VA is associated with a negative coeliac serology. <h3>Aims</h3> To study the aetiology of seronegative VA. <h3>Methods</h3> One hundred patients presenting with seronegative VA (both EMA negative and tTG normal range) were prospectively and systematically investigated for CD and other known associations of VA. The history, immunoglobulins and histopathology were initially reviewed, followed if necessary by a combination of HLA typing, gluten challenge, repeat coeliac serology &amp; duodenal biopsies, and exclusion of infection/inflammatory bowel disease. <h3>Results</h3> 59 women, 41 men, age range 16–92 years, median age 49 years. CD was present in 44% of cases, followed by gastrointestinal infections (18%), severe duodenitis (4%), crohn9s disease (3%), tuberculosis (2%), HIV (2%), drugs (2%) and haematological disorders (2%). In 23% an association was not found, although the majority normalised their small bowel histology on repeat biopsies (17/23, 74%). Reviewing the case with a specialist gastrointestinal (GI) histopathologist played an important role in up to 9% of cases, in terms of identifying a cause or help tailoring further investigations. All coeliac patients tested for HLA status were as expected positive for DQ2 or DQ8 haplotypes (n 37), in comparison to 22/47 (47%) non-coeliacs (p&lt;0.0001). A non-coeliac diagnosis was significantly more common in asian/african patients or those with clinical symptoms of abdominal pain, weight loss or nausea &amp; vomiting (p&lt;0.05). However, there was no difference in age, gender, baseline biochemistry or haematological blood tests between the two groups. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Close collaboration with a specialist GI histopathologist is useful in cases of seronegative VA. A cause will be found in 77% of patients, with CD accounting for almost half of all cases. In the 23% with no apparent cause, reassuringly 74% normalised their histology. The minority with persisting VA of unknown cause remain under active follow-up. The prevalence of a positive HLA in cases deemed to be non-coeliacs was greater than that of 25% as accepted for the general population. Many of these cases were due to gastrointestinal infections or an unknown cause, and subsequently normalised their histology (18/22). A threshold model for CD has recently been proposed and these patients may still belong to this disease spectrum—further work looking for intestinal antibody deposits in this group may shed light on this possibility. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Abstract P1-15-05: HER2 Positivity Correlates to Coexisting Invasion in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: N Liao, G Zhang, Y Liu, X Li, M Yao, J Zu, F Xu, L Li, Y. Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast with coexisting invasion is commonly seen and no consensus on any biomarkers capable of discriminating this subgroup is reached yet. We therefore carried out a retrospective study to investigate the receptor status and histological grade in Chinese DCIS patients aiming to identify if there is any independent predictor that could discriminate the subgroup of DCIS with coexisting invasion from pure DCIS patients. Methods: A Consecutive Chinese DCIS patient cohort in a single institution was included for ER, PR and HER2 status and histological grade evaluation. Patients with invasion foci greater than 1cm in diameter were excluded. For HER2 (2+) cancers by IHC, fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed to examine HER2 gene amplification status. HER2 positive was defined as HER2 (3+) by IHC or HER2 gene amplified. Histological grading was performed only for DCIS component using Van Nuys classification system. Molecular subtypes were also profiled using the following criteria: ER and/or PR positive and HER2 negative as luminal A, ER or PR positive and HER2 positive as luminal B, ER and PR negative while HER2 positive as HER2-positive and ER, PR, HER2 negative as basal-like. Age, histological grade, ER, PR, and HER2 status were included in association analyses using appropriate statistical methods to test if any of these markers independently correlates to DCIS with invasion. Results: Our study included 183 patients in total. Among these patients, 140 had pure DCIS and 43 had DCIS with invasion. Luminal A subtype accounted for 49.7% of all cases, HER2-positive subtype for 27.9% and only 10.4% and 12.0% were luminal B and basal-like subtypes, respectively. Univariate analyses showed that histological grade 2, grade 3 and HER2 positive status were associated with DCIS with invasion, odds ratios 5.1(95%CI 1.3-19, P=0.017), 5.2 (95%CI 1.5-18, P=0.01) and 3.34 (95%CI 1.6 −6.8, P=0.001), respectively. Nonetheless, after adjusting for other markers, only HER2 positivity independently correlates to DCIS with invasion, odds ratio 3.8 (95%CI 1.4 to 10, P=0.008). Consistently, luminal B and HER2-positive subtypes were also correlated to DCIS with invasion and the odds ratio was 3.0 (95%CI 1.0-8.7, P=0.045) and 3.0 (95%CI 1.4-6.6, P=0.005), respectively when compared to luminal A subtype. Basal-like subtype was not correlated to DCIS with invasion, odds ratio 0.50(95%CI 0.11-2.4, P=0.384). Conclusions: Our study suggests that HER2 positivity rather than higher histological grade is the independent predictor for coexisting invasion. ER/PR status and age do not correlate to coexisting invasion. Molecular subtype classification for treatment guidance especially HER2 targeted therapy in DCIS deserves further exploration. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-15-05.
Abstract LB-45: Real people- real stories: survivors teaching students
Authors: Judith L. Fornia
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Ovarian Cancer Alliance of Oregon and SW Washington is a proud partner member of the Ovarian Cancer National Alliance (OCNA). We actively bring the OCNA's program Survivors Teaching Students: Saving Women's Lives to the local level. Since 2002, the Ovarian Cancer National Alliance has been working to save the lives of women by helping healthcare practitioners learn to diagnose ovarian cancer earlier. Through OCNA's innovative educational program future healthcare professionals-physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses and physician assistants increase their understanding of ovarian cancer symptoms and risk factors so that they will be able to diagnose the disease when it is in its earlier, most treatable stages. Survivors Teaching Students brings ovarian cancer survivors into health professionals’ classrooms to share their stories and key information about the disease. At the local level, we also speak to pharmacy and naturopath students. Based on students’ evaluations we are accomplishing our goal of increasing awareness of this deadly cancer. Our local organization's mission is to promote awareness of ovarian cancer and to provide education to women and the health care community; to offer support to all ovarian cancer survivors by providing opportunities for networking, education and community outreach; and to advocate for public policy and funding for ovarian cancer research. In addition to the Survivors Teaching Students program, we are active in community health fairs/events, and have a presence in local Gynecological Cancer Support Groups. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-45. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-45
Abstract 3270: Improved response of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1/2-dependent tumors using combination drug therapy.
Authors: Nicholas John Andersen, Elissa Boguslawski, Roe Froman, Nicholas Duesbery
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2) inhibitors have failed to demonstrate a sustained clinical benefit for the treatment of melanoma or other MEK1/2 dependent cancers. We hypothesize combined treatment with inhibitors of MEK1/2 plus another cancer pathway would provide a more durable tumor response for MEK1/2 driven cancers. To test this we examined in vitro synergy between MEK1/2 inhibitor PD0325901 and inhibitors to eleven common cancer pathways using MEK1/2-driven melanoma cell lines and canine hemangiosarcoma cell isolates. Combination indices (CI) were calculated following the methods of Chou and Talalay (Chou and Talalay, 1984). Of the combinations tested, tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitors sorafenib and dasatinib, and the dual PI3 kinase and mTOR inhibitor rapamycin showed synergy (CI&amp;lt;0.7) with PD0325901. To validate these results we subsequently tested synergy for PD0325901 plus sorafenib in vivo using mouse xenograft models for melanoma and canine angiosarcoma. We conclude dual inhibition of MEK1/2 and receptor tyrosine kinases or mTOR signaling are useful strategies to treat MEK1/2 dependent cancers. Citation Format: Nicholas John Andersen, Elissa Boguslawski, Roe Froman, Nicholas Duesbery. Improved response of mitogen activated protein kinase kinase 1/2-dependent tumors using combination drug therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3270. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3270
Cord-Blood Transplantation from an Unrelated Donor in an Adult with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Jean-Philippe Laporte, Norbert-Claude Gorin, Pablo Rubinstein, Sylvie Lesage, Marie-France Portnoi, Véronique Barbu, Manuel Lopez, Luc Douay, Albert Najman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To circumvent the problems inherent in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, allogeneic cord blood has been studied as an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cells. Preliminary results with cord blood from an HLA-matched sibling are encouraging, but the experience with this procedure is limited.1–5 Although some 200 transplantations of cord blood have been performed in children,6,7 few have been performed in adults. We describe an adult with chronic myelogenous leukemia who underwent the transplantation of cord-blood stem cells successfully. Case Report A 26-year-old woman was found to have chronic myelogenous leukemia in July 1990. All the leukemic cells had . . .
AB0844 Detection of low Levels of Vitamin D or Free Testosterone in Patients Receiving Prednisone for A Rheumatic Disease: Table 1
Authors: M. Imran, H. Singh, B. Lukert, H. Lindsley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in males and females and testosterone deficiency in males, who have an increased risk for osteoporosis due to prednisone therapy. Mild to moderate vitamin D insufficiency causes osteoporosis. Twenty five-hydroxy vitamin D &lt;32 ng/ml leads to reduce calcium absorption, higher concentration of parathyroid hormone, and increased bone resorption<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Methods</h3> Blood samples were obtained from rheumatology practices, (four community-based and one university-based) from men and women with a rheumatic disease. The patients were &gt;40 years old and were taking at least 5 mg of prednisone for at least the past 30 days. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD), free testosterone in males (FT-M) only, and osteocalcin (OC) were measured in 44 individuals. Non –parametric analysis of the data was done as shown in Table 1. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty nine patients (65%) were found to have 25-OHD levels &lt;32; of these only 41% were on over the counter (OTC) vitamin D as opposed to 80% with 25-OHD &gt;32. Fourteen males (58%) had testosterone deficiency (&lt;1 ng/dl). Increasing prednisone dose correlated with lower mean OC values (P=0.003). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our sample revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and underutilization of OTC vitamin D in rheumatology practices. There was an encouraging trend towards higher vitamin D levels with use of OTC vitamin D. A large number of male patients were noted to have low testosterone levels. In patients with a rheumatic disease on prednisone therapy, there appears to be a high incidence of vitamin D insufficiency and testosterone (in males) deficiency. Routine screening for 25-OHD and free testosterone (in males) should be utilized to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. <h3>References</h3> Luckeyet al. J ClinEndocMetab 2003 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2623
AB0756 Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis: Study of 162 patients
Authors: J. Rueda-Gotor, J. Loricera, V. Calvo-Río, F. Ortiz-Sanjuán, M. González-Lόpez, H. Fernández-Llaca, M. González-Vela, M. González-Gay, R. Blanco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis (CLA) was defined by the International Consensus Conference for the nomenclature of the Vasculitis (Jennette et al, Chapel Hill, 1994) as an isolated cutaneous vasculitis without systemic vasculitis or glomerulonephritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to evaluate the clinical features, treatment and outcome of patients with CLA. <h3>Methods</h3> From a large series of patients with cutaneous vasculitis; those diagnosed with cutaneous vasculitis in the setting of connective tissue diseases, malignancies, infections, primary systemic necrotizing vasculitis and other entities such as Henoch-Schoenlein purpura and Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia were excluded from this analysis. Patients with systemic involvement including gastro-intestinal or renal involvement (glomerulonephritis) were also excluded. The remaining patients were classified as having CLA. <h3>Results</h3> According to the above mentioned methodology, 162 patients (82 men and 80 women), with a mean age of 45.77±24.34 years (range, 1 to 95 years) were diagnosed as having CLA. Precipitating events were found in 104 (64.2%) patients. A history of drug intake before the onset of the vasculitis was found in 80 (49.4%) patients and a previous history of upper respiratory tract infection in 53 (32.8%) patients. The most frequent drugs taken shortly before the onset of the cutaneous vasculitis were β-lactamids (32 cases), NSAIDS (16 cases) and diuretics (4 cases). The most frequent clinical manifestations were cutaneous (100%), joint manifestations (41.3%) and fever (16%). The main laboratory data were elevated ESR (49.4%), leukocytosis (16.9%), anemia (9.3%), positive Rheumatoid Factor (14.8%), positive ANA (14.8%), hypocomplementemia (C3 and/or C4) (25.4%), cryoglobulins (13.58%) and positive ANCA (1.23%). The treatment included NSAIDS (21.6%), Corticosteroids (17.3%), Colchicine (2.5%) and Azathioprine (1.2%). After a mean follow-up of 15.05±33.3 months (median, 3 months), relapses were observed in 22.2% of patients. Finally, a complete clinical recovery was observed in all cases. <h3>Conclusions</h3> CLA is usually a benign syndrome, often secondary to drugs or infections, or both. Its main clinical features are skin and joint manifestations. Its prognosis is very good. <h3>References</h3> Jennette JC, Falk RJ, Andrassy K, Bacon PA, Churg J, Gross WL, Hagen EC, Hoffman GS, Hunder GG, Kallenberg CG, et al. Nomenclature of systemic vasculitides. Proposal of an international consensus conference. Arthritis Rheum.1994;37:187-92. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared