tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0580 Improving Patient Understanding of Combination DMARD Therapy Using Pictorial Leaflets
Authors: A. Ahmed, S. Balendra, D. Collins, E. Price, L. Williamson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Combination therapy of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) is a required standard at diagnosis of early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients are often prescribed combination treatments at their first appointment. This can be difficult to comprehend as dosage regimes are different for each DMARD. This may lead to poor compliance and treatment failure. <h3>Objectives</h3> We have produced a pictorial leaflet to explain the different drug regimes of the four most commonly prescribed DMARDs in early RA treatment: hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, sulphasalazine and leflunomide. These leaflets complement the ARC information leaflets. The aim is to improve patient understanding, decrease anxiety and improve concordance at this critical stage in their treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> The department consultants agreed starting dose regime for the introduction of methotrexate + folic acid supplementation, sulphasalazine, hydroxychloroquine and leflunomide. We produced an A4 tri fold colour leaflet showing the life size tablets with clear and simple explanation of the dosage regimes and blood monitoring instructions. The design also allows patients to receive consistent instructions from all members of the multi-disciplinary team. The pictorial leaflets were piloted in rheumatology outpatients and feedback was obtained from patients and general practitioners with a questionnaire asking their opinion. <h3>Results</h3> 50 responses were received from patients and general practitioners. Of these 48 felt the leaflet was clear and easy to read. 37 had received previous written information on disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and of these 36 reported the leaflet was more useful than a standard leaflet. 47 felt it improved patients9 understanding of combined DMARD treatments. Patients reported that there was “very clear information on combined DMARDs therapy” and that the leaflet was a “useful visual memory aid”. One patient reported that the “leaflets are handy to keep with you in a medical folder, so that you can you can always look back and read information you may have forgotten”. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Information in a pictorial format enhances patient9s understanding of combined DMARD therapies. This is particularly useful for the elderly, those with poor reading skills and those where English is not their first language. It provides a useful visual aid as an adjunct to the more detailed drug information leaflets and should improve compliance with medication. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3139
Abstract 3961: Sec23A is a regulative target of miR-200c and miR-375 in prostate cancer and influences cell growth in vitro
Authors: Elke Nolte, Jaroslaw Szczyrba, Sven Wach, Volker Jung, Elisabeth Kremmer, Friedrich Graesser, Bernd Wullich
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of tumor mortality. In order to identify the underlying mechanisms we have analyzed microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles of primary prostate cancers and non-cancer prostate tissue. Using database analysis, we sought to identify regulatory targets of aberrantly expressed miRNAs and to analyze the physiological consequences of miRNA deregulation using cell culture models. Material and Methods: We performed comparative miRNA expression profiling using deep sequencing of cDNA libraries and microarray analyses. Potential target genes of deregulated miRNAs were identified by database analysis and subsequently validated in vitro using reporter gene constructs. The impact of identified target genes on cell growth was examined by a standardized wound healing assay. Results: Two of the miRNAs consistently deregulated in primary prostate cancer samples were miR-200c and miR-375 which were upregulated more than 1.5-fold in deep sequencing and 2.9-fold and 3.9-fold, respectively, in microarray experiments (p&amp;lt;0.001, ANOVA). Independent target prediction databases (including miRanda, Targetscan and PicTar) indicated that the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of the Sec23a gene is a regulative target for both miR-200c and miR-375. This prediction could be confirmed using a luciferase reporter gene construct containing the Sec23a 3’UTR. Co-expression of the reporter gene construct with either miR-200c or miR-375 resulted in a reduction of reporter gene activity while mutation of the miRNA binding sites caused a loss of responsiveness to the respective miRNA. Furthermore we could show that transient expression of miR-200c and miR-375 reduced the amount of Sec23a protein in the HEK293 cell line. A transient knock-down of Sec23a in DU145 prostate cancer cells applying siRNA technique led to acceleration of wound healing and transient overexpression of Sec23a to a deceleration over a time period of 30 hours. In Western blot analyses the majority of primary tissue samples displayed a reduced amount of Sec23a protein. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the 3’-UTR of Sec23a is one regulative target of miR-200c and miR-375, which are commonly deregulated in prostate cancer. Sec23a is reduced in the majority of tumor samples analyzed and has a vital impact on cell growth as determined by wound healing experiments. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3961. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3961
The unexpected twist in the plot: incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia complicating colonoscopy
Authors: B. Koslowsky, T. Adar, M. Mahamid, B. Melamud, E. Goldin, L. Ozick
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 76-year-old woman was referred for surveillance colonoscopy. She had a history of a large sliding hiatal hernia, confirmed by both chest radiography and upper endoscopy. She had no history of trauma and 6 years ago she underwent a full colonoscopy and polypectomy uneventfully. The colonoscope was advanced 50 cm to the splenic flexure, at which point a very tight angle could not be passed and the lumen was obscured. After a few unsuccessful attempts to advance were made, the scope was withdrawn and the examination was terminated. In the recovery room, the patient complained of worsening abdominal pain and vomiting. She was transferred to the emergency room for further evaluation. Abdominal radiography showed a large-bowel loop in the left hemithorax with a distended right colon ([Fig. 1]). Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed that the whole stomach, part of the duodenum, and a large segment of transverse colon were all in the chest ([Fig. 2]). The proximal transverse colon, ascending colon, and cecum were severely dilated. An urgent explorative laparotomy revealed an incarcerated loop of transverse colon, which has herniated through the diaphragm. An ileostomy and right extended hemicolectomy was carried out. In the past, a few case reports have described strangulation of intestinal contents during colonoscopy as a result of the exacerbation of transdiaphragmatic hernias [1] [2] [3] [4], but there have been no previous reports of deterioration and incarceration of a preexisting large sliding hiatal hernia during colonoscopy. Although a past history of a large sliding hiatal hernia was known in our patient, no special precautions were executed. Air insufflation in combination with increased abdominal pressure may protrude abdominal contents through a weakened diaphragm. Trapping of the endoscope and extreme angulation causes the lumen to seem obscured. In light of the present case, endoscopists should be aware of this phenomenon.
Health-related quality of life in women with recurrent ovarian cancer receiving paclitaxel plus trebananib or placebo (TRINOVA-1)
Authors: K. Fujiwara, B.J. Monk, C. Lhommé, R.L. Coleman, A. Brize, A. Oaknin, I. Ray-Coquard, M. Fabbro, D. Provencher, A. Bamias, I. Vergote, A. DeCensi, K. Zhang, F.D. Vogl, B.A. Bach, F. Raspagliesi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Abstract LB-127: Synthetic lethal RNAi screen of the human kinome with cytarabine (AraC) in leukemia cells
Authors: R. Tanner Hagelstrom, James Bogenberger, Megan Buechel, Keerthi Bhagavatula, David O. Azorsa, Raoul Tibes
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cytarabine is the backbone of therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, yet due to a high incidence of relapse and treatment-related complications novel, less toxic treatment regimens incorporating AraC need to be designed. To increase the therapeutic effect of cytarabine we developed and performed an RNAi synthetic lethal screening assay using siRNA, targeting 572 human kinases in combination with AraC in human myeloid cell lines TF-1 and THP-1. Several genes that enhance the effectiveness of cytarabine were identified. Among the top candidate genes, a trend became apparent in which several key regulators of the cell cycle as well as DNA repair genes where among the strongest sensitizers (CHEK1, PKMYT, CDC2, AURKB and ATR). The effectiveness of targeting these genes in combination with AraC was verified using a highly robust siRNA drug-dose response assay (siDDR) that validated CHEK1 as strong sensitizer, PKMYT as moderate sensitizer, and did not confirm CDC2 or AURKB as sensitizers. Since CHEK1 is emerging as a potential treatment target in combination chemotherapy in solid tumors, we obtained two commercially available CHEK1 inhibitors, PD 407824 and SB 218078 (both Tocris). PD 407824 strongly sensitized to AraC in the range of 2 to 10 fold decrease in several lines (MV 4;11, THP-1, HL60, HEL, ML-2) whereas in a few no sensitization was observed (MDS-L, U937). Calcusyn software was utilized to ensure the effect was more than simply additive in effect. Less effect was observed for SB 218078, which was surprisingly found to be antagonistic in some lines (TF-1, U937, ML-2, HL-60). Both compounds have slightly different target spectrum's that include CHEK1 plus other kinases. Interestingly, the sequence of addition of the compounds dramatically affected the outcome, with the greatest effects seen when CHEK1 inhibitors were added before AraC. In cases where AraC was added first or simultaneously, the effect was less pronounced or was not seen at all. Herein we present the “first-in-class” human kinome synthetic lethal screen in leukemia suspension cells in combination with AraC. In this unbiased functional genomics screen a strong convergence of hits emerged around G2/M cell cycle and DNA repair control. This information can immediately inform clinical drug development, channel resources and serve to direct development of new therapies in acute myeloid leukemias combining AraC with the first clinical available CHEK1 inhibitors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-127.
Electronic Data Processing of Medical Records
Authors: Henry W. Baird, Joseph M. Garfunkel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE need for better means of recording and retrieving data for medical records has become increasingly apparent.1 2 3 The tremendous accumulation of data reflects the use of more sophisticated laboratory procedures, the changing emphasis of medicine from acute to chronic problems and the increased attention to detailed recording of clinical observations. At St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, over a period of approximately one year, certain clinical observations and laboratory results were recorded via electronic data-processing equipment and thence transcribed for the patients' charts.It was hoped that a data-processing system would provide an organized, chronologic record of the factual information . . .
THU0233 Myopathy is a poor prognostic feature in systemic sclerosis. Results from the canadian scleroderma research group (CSRG) cohort:
Authors: M. Jung, M. Baron, M. Hudson, A. Bonner, J.E. Pope
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Myopathy/myositis is associated with more severe systemic scleroderma (SSc). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to determine such clinical information from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group database (CSRG). <h3>Methods</h3> Data from the CSRG are collected annually on SSc patients. Two surrogate markers for myopathy used in this study were elevated creatine kinase (CK) and physician-reported history of myopathy/myositis of the patients. Comparisons were made between those with and without myopathy/myositis to determine the strongest associations with this complication; overall, in lcSSc and dcSSc and in early dcSSc subset. Survival with and without myopathy/myositis was determined. <h3>Results</h3> The study included 1143 patients with mean of 8 years of duration. Elevated CK occurred in 5.6%; 9.7% had a history of inflammatory myositis or myopathy according to physician; 5.7% had proximal muscle weakness. Those with elevated CK compared to remainder were more likely to be male (24.5% in elevated CK vs. 12.6% in normal CK; p&lt;0.013), younger (51.93 vs. 56.07 years, p&lt;0.045); have dcSSc, (40.4% vs. 37.9%; p&lt;0.002), physician-reported history of myositis/myopathy (45.3% vs. 8.5%, p&lt;0.000), tendon friction rubs (30.0% vs. 13.4%; p&lt;0.001), FVC &lt;70% (23.9% vs. 13.1%; p&lt;0.039), RNP antibody (12.0% vs. 5.0%, p&lt;0.032), Topo1 antibody (26.0% vs. 14.4%, p&lt;0.026), higher skin scores (MRSS 16.14 vs. 9.81; p&lt;0.000), and higher HAQ score (0.98 vs. 0.79; p&lt;0.011). When using logistic regression younger age male, dcSSc, early dcSSc, tendon friction rubs, higher MRSS, Topo1, RNP, PMScl, and FVC&lt;70% were associated with elevated CK. Survival was less in those with myopathy/myositis or elevated CK (p=0.003 and p=0.025 respectively). Those with elevated CK had less survival (p=0.025). Results were similar when the other definition of myopathy/myositis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Myopathy/myositis has a worse prognosis with respect to function and other organ involvement (ILD) and survival. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> M. Jung: None Declared, M. Baron: None Declared, M. Hudson: None Declared, A. Bonner: None Declared, J. Pope Grant/Research support from: Research support from CIHR, Scleroderma Society of Canada, Scleroderma Society of Ontario
THU0498 The Clinical Utility of the Accelerometer for Measuring Habitual Physical Activity in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: A. Prioreschi, I. Avidon, B. Hodkinson, M. Tikly, J. McVeigh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> There is growing interest in the use of patient reported outcomes in the assessment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), along with standard clinical and physician assessments. Patients with RA are generally more sedentary than their healthy counterparts. It is not clear, however, whether this sedentary behaviour is related to their disease activity, or whether physical activity levels would improve in response to improved disease activity. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to assess changes in disease activity, as well as changes in objectively measured physical activity levels in response to commencement of drug therapy in drug-naïve patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Eighteen RA patients completed this study as did eighteen age, sex and body mass index matched healthy control participants. At baseline, and again after three months, Actical accelerometers were fitted on the dominant hip of each participant for two weeks; and RA patients completed disease activity and functionality questionnaires. <h3>Results</h3> After three months of drug therapy, patients had significant improvements in disease activity as assessed by the clinical disease activity index (p&lt;0.001) and functional ability as assessed by the health assessment questionnaire (p&lt;0.001). In parallel with these changes, the average activity counts in sedentary thresholds decreased after three months in the RA patients (p=0.010), while average activity counts within higher intensity thresholds increased. At baseline, RA patients showed diurnal differences in physical activity to healthy controls, being less physically active than control participants in the morning (p=0.048), and in the late afternoon (p=0.016), yet these diurnal patterns were no longer different after the DMARD intervention. A multiple regression showed that the change in the level of moderate activity between baseline and follow up was most highly associated with a change in C-reactive protein (β=-0.922, p=0.026). The decreases in sedentary activity and increases in moderate activity were most strongly associated with decreased morning stiffness of the joints (β=0.694, p=0.035 and β=-0.927, p=0.024 respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, DMARD therapy significantly improved disease activity in patients with RA, and these improvements were parallel by improvements in physical activity. Actical data were also significantly correlated with multiple, well-validated disease activity measures showing the validity of the Actical as an objective outcome measure of RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A true vascular aneurysm of the hepatic artery proper as a rare cause of nonmalignant painless jaundice
Authors: Martin Raithel, Ingo Ganzleben, Jürgen Gschossmann, Alexander Hagel, Markus Neurath, Ruediger Goertz
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Rare causes of painless jaundice include parasitic infections and lymphoma. To date, two cases of vascular pseudoaneurysm in acute cholecystitis and chronic pancreatitis have been reported [1] [2].
Demonstration of Cystocele and Uterine Procedentia With Renal Scintigraphy
Authors: CHRISTOPHER S. LEVEY, EUGENE D. SILVERMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Routine laboratory studies revealed an increasing creatinine level in a 71-year-old woman with a history of lung cancer. Renal ultrasound revealed bilateral hydronephrosis. Tc-99m DTPA renal scintigraphy demonstrated mild prominence of the renal collecting systems. As the bladder filled, the dome was noted to project lower than the trigone and vesicoureteral junctions. Physical examination revealed a marked prolapse of the bladder and uterus through the vagina. The folding at the trigone was most likely responsible for intermittent urinary obstruction, resulting in the ultrasound and laboratory abnormalities.
Denial of Care to Illegal Immigrants — Proposition 187 in California
Authors: Tal Ann Ziv, Bernard Lo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

In November 1994, California voters approved Proposition 187, which requires publicly funded health care facilities to deny care to illegal immigrants and to report them to government officials.1 Supporters argued that “an invasion of illegal aliens” is bankrupting California and that free health care and education are magnets attracting illegal immigrants. In arguing for the measure, proponents declared, “While our own citizens and legal residents go wanting, those who choose to enter our country ILLEGALLY get royal treatment at the expense of the California taxpayer.”2 In a political climate favoring stricter control of illegal immigration, the federal government and other . . .
Abstract 4091: The oral iron chelator, deferasirox, induces apoptosis in myeloid leukemia cells through caspase-dependent activation
Authors: Jung-Lim Kim, Han-Na Kang, Myoung Hee Kang, Jun Suk Kim, Sang-Cheul Oh, Chul-Won Choi, Young-A Yoo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Iron plays a central role in the regulation of many cellular function. Recently several studies suggest that iron chelator, deferoxamine acts as an anti-cancer drug on various cancers. deferasirox(DFS) is a new oral iron chelator. Some of the papers has recently been reported that effect antiproliferative on leukemia cell by DFS but the effects of DFS on myeloid leukemia cells have not been clearly elucidated. We measured the sensitivity of human leukemic cell lines (HL-60 and KG-1) to DFS using MTT assay. The proliferation of cells treated with DFS at various concentrations for various time was decreased in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis for subG1 fraction also detected the increased cell death in the cells treated with DFS. To determine whether DFS-mediated cell death was due to apoptosis in HL-60 and KG-1 cell lines, percentages of apoptotic cell were measured by staining with FITC-conjugated annexin V and PI. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly increased by DFS stimulation. Results by Western blotting and colorimetric assay indicated that DFS promotes apoptosis of human leukemic cells by both activating caspase-3 and -9 and inducing PARP cleavage. Furthermore, pretreated of leukemic cells with caspase inhibitor (z-V) significantly inhibited the DFS-induced apoptosis. In the in vivo model, treatment of leukemic tumor-bearing athymic nude mouse with DFS was showed significant decrease in tumor growth compared with treatment with DMSO. These results demonstrate that a new oral iron-chelating agent, DFS, promotes apoptosis of myeloid leukemia cells via activating caspase 3/9, suggesting that DFS might be beneficial for iron-overloaded patients with myeloid leukemia, not only from iron chelation but also from reduction of leukemia cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4091. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4091