tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Involuntary treatment in medicine and psychiatry
Authors: P S Appelbaum, L H Roth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

It is often asserted in the debate on the right to refuse treatment that psychiatrists are the only physicians who treat patients against their will. During 11 weeks on two wards in a general medical hospital, the authors observed 18 episodes of involuntary treatment and restraint (1.17 episodes per 100 patient-days). Involuntary treatment was usually employed when the refusals of patients judged incompetent interfered with needed treatment. Restraints and psychoactive medications were the most common interventions. These data suggest that involuntary psychiatric treatment is mirrored in general medicine and has its roots in medical paternalism, rather than in the function of social control.
Gene Expression Analyses At Time Of Diagnosis Indicate Biomarkers Predictive Of Therapeutic Response In Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Marita Lagergren Lindberg, Petra Hååg, Ali Moshfegh, Lena Kanter, Magnus Bjorkholm, Rolf Lewensohn, Viktorsson Kristina, Leif Stenke
Journal: Blood (2013)
Chronic Exposure to Arsenic and Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chihuahua, Mexico
Authors: Michelle A. Mendez, Carmen González-Horta, Blanca Sánchez-Ramírez, Lourdes Ballinas-Casarrubias, Roberto Hernández Cerón, Damián Viniegra Morales, Francisco A. Baeza Terrazas, María C. Ishida, Daniela S. Gutiérrez-Torres, R. Jesse Saunders, Zuzana Drobná, Rebecca C. Fry, John B. Buse, Dana Loomis, Gonzalo G. García-Vargas, Luz M. Del Razo, Miroslav Stýblo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Exposure to arsenic (As) concentrations in drinking water > 150 μg/L has been associated with risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but little is known about the effects of lower exposures.
Stimulation of hematopoiesis in patients with bone marrow failure and in patients with malignancy by recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Authors: S Vadhan-Raj, S Buescher, A LeMaistre, M Keating, R Walters, C Ventura, W Hittelman, HE Broxmeyer, JU Gutterman
Journal: Blood (1988)
FRI0063 Non- Neutralizing Autoantibody Against GM-CSF in Connective Tissue Diseases and its Association with Pulmonary Involvements
Authors: J. Nagasawa, K. Kurasawa, A. Tanaka, R. Yamazaki, H. Okada, S. Arai, T. Owada, R. Maezawa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is an important hematopoietic growth factor, particularly for differentiation of alveolar macrophage, and immune modulator including inflammation. Neutralizing autoantibodies against GM-CSF antibodies cause pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). We have previously reported a SLE patient with anti-GM-CSF antibody (Ab) and PAP (Lupus 2013;22, 1060). However, it remains unknown whether there exist autoantibodies against GM-CSF in connective tissue disease (CTD) patients without PAP. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether anti-GMF autoantibody is detected in sera from CTD patients. If so, to determine whether the antibody has neutralizing activity and to clarify the clinical features of patients with the antibody. <h3>Methods</h3> Subjects were 245 CTD patients (SLE; 63, DM/PM; 49, RA; 106, vasculitis; 27) and 34 healthy controls. A EIA system to detect anti-GM-CSF Abs was developed; GM-CSF was coated on the plate that was then blocked with BSA, diluted serum with PBS was added, and after washing the Ab was detected by anti-IgG Ab. To avoid non-specific binding, the optic density (OD) of the Ab was calculated as follows; OD (GM-CSF coated well) -OD (GM-CSF negative well). The neutralizing activity of the Ab was examined through inhibition of CD11b expression on neutrophils by GM-CSF; neutrophils were incubated in media with GM-CSF (5ng/ml) and serum from the subjects, and CD11b expression was examined using flowcytometry. Association of clinical features with the Ab was assessed by reviewing medical records. <h3>Results</h3> Anti-GM-CSF Ab was detected in 60% of CTD (frequencies of positivity: SLE; 70%, DM/PM; 57%, RA; 57%, vasculitis 55%) (Fig.1). PAP was not found in all cases except one SLE that has been reported previously. Neutralizing activity was not detected except the case of SLE with PAP. Pulmonary involvements including interstitial lung disease, bronchial disease and pleuritis was frequently found in RA patients positive for the Abs compared to negative patients (positive 47%, vs negative 18%; p&lt;0.001). Similarly, pulmonary involvements were found in SLE patients with the Abs (positive 25%, vs negative 5%; p=0. 04). In DM/PM, no differences were found in frequencies of of pulmonary involvements between the Ab positive and negative groups, because more than 80% of the patients had lung involvements.Therapy decreased titers of the Ab in SLE and RA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Non-neutralising Autoantibody against GM-CSF was frequently detected in CTD patients, particularly those with pulmonary involvements. These findings suggest that the autoantibody, which might work as carrier protein of GM-CSF, plays roles in the development of CTDs, especially pulmonary involvements in RA and SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0482 Defining an International Standard Set of Outcomes Measures for Patients with HIP or Knee Osteoarthritis (OA): Consensus of the International Consortium of Health Outcome Measurement (ICHOM) HIP and Knee OA Working Group:
Authors: L. March, P. Conaghan, O. Rolfson, S. Wissig, C. Stowell, P. Franklin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Unsustainably growing health care expenditures along with uncertain health outcome returns have driven a growing interest in value-based health care. Total joint replacement surgery for hips and knees is already one of the fastest growing operations in developed countries and will continue to increase with the ageing population. Joint replacement registries are starting to measure outcomes to inform decision making yet to date there is no common definition of key outcome measures for routine clinical use. <h3>Objectives</h3> To define a set of outcome measures for monitoring, comparing, and improving health care for patients with clinically diagnosed hip or knee OA. <h3>Methods</h3> An international working group of patients, arthroplasty register experts, orthopaedic surgeons, primary care physicians, rheumatologists, and physical therapists was assembled to review existing literature and practices. In a series of teleconferences, a modified Delphi process was used to reach consensus. <h3>Results</h3> The following table outlines the working group consensus on a minimum standard set of outcomes measures. Adjacent to the standard set, pertinent baseline characteristics and risk factor metrics were defined. Regardless of treatment modality, annual follow-up intervals were recommended. A research agenda has been recommended where evidence for measures was lacking. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We have defined a standard set of outcomes measures recommended for monitoring the care of people with clinically diagnosed hip and knee OA. We believe this standard set provides meaningful, comparable, and easy to interpret measures ready to implement in clinic and/or registries globally. The implementation phase will evaluate whether this effort will lead to value-based improvements in hip and knee OA care. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Growth of Mouse Ascites Tumor Cells in Diffusion Chambers. I. Studies of Growth Rate of Cells and of the Rate of Entry of Antibody&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: D. Bernard Amos, June D. Wakefield
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Sampling chambers, designed to permit the flow of ascites fluid but to exclude host cells, will admit isoantibody. Hemagglutinating, neutralizing, and protective effects have been demonstrated. The rate of fluid entry into cell-impermeable millipore chambers is slow, and the membrane acts as a considerable diffusion barrier to the entry of antibody. The peritoneum acts as an initial barrier to the flow of antibody from the blood stream to the chamber. Ascites tumor cells grow progressively in the sampling chamber after a sharp, early drop in cell number. The rate of rapid growth is sufficiently consistent to permit quantitative measurements of the effect of antibody.
KRAS has a role in acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs in NSCLC: an analysis on circulating tumor DNA
Authors: M. Del Re, M. Tiseo, A. D'Incecco, A. Camerini, I. Petrini, M. Lucchesi, A. Inno, D. Spada, P. Bordi, E. Vasile, V. Citi, G. Malpeli, E. Testa, S. Gori, A. Falcone, D. Amoroso, A. Chella, F. Cappuzzo, A. Ardizzoni, A. Scarpa, R. Danesi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Design of Cancer Assays for Pharmaceutical Agents
Authors: Donald B. Meyers, S. Stanley Young, Christian L. Gries
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Design of Cancer Assays for Pharmaceutical Agents Get access Donald B. Meyers, Donald B. Meyers Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company Greenfield, Indiana 46140 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Stanley Young, S. Stanley Young Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company Greenfield, Indiana 46140 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Christian L. Gries Christian L. Gries Lilly Research Laboratories, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company Greenfield, Indiana 46140 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 5, May 1985, Page 1151, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.5.1151 Published: 01 May 1985
Cellular Pharmacology of DUP-785, a New Anticancer Agent
Authors: L W Anderson, J M Strong, R L Cysyk
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

DUP-785, a new inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for anticancer activity. We developed a GC/MS method to quantitate dihydroorotate that accumulates in cultures of L1210 cells exposed to growth inhibitory concentrations of DUP-785. This method was used to follow the onset, extent, and duration of inhibition of de novo pyrimidine synthesis in intact L1210 cells and to compare this inhibition with cell proliferation and cellular concentrations of pyrimidine nucleotides. There were direct relations between inhibition of de novo pyrimidine synthesis, changes in pyrimidine nucleotide concentrations, and cell proliferation following short (less than 24 hr) drug exposures; with prolonged exposures (greater than 24 hr), however, there was a departure from these relationships in that restoration of pyrimidine nucleotide pools and de novo pyrimidine pathway activity did not restore cell proliferation. Exposure of L1210 cells to 15 microM DUP-785 produced a maximum cell kill (99.9% as determined by cloning efficiency) at 24 hr, and no increase in cell kill was observed with drug exposure up to 96 hr.
Better Palliative Care for All
Authors: Arif H. Kamal, Thomas W. LeBlanc, Diane E. Meier
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
WHAT IS AN ENZYME?
Authors: J E HOTCHIN
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Localized Lymphoma
Authors: Stefan Hoecht, Wolfgang Hinkelbein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

to the editor: Reyes and colleagues (March 24 issue) 1 should elaborate on the disadvantages, particularly the long-term side effects, of a regimen of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vindesine, bleomycin, and prednisone (ACVBP) in comparison with a regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP). With an increased duration of parenteral chemotherapy (20, rather than 3, days), ACVBP has a complicated schedule and thus poses a compliance problem in nonresearch settings. Furthermore, in many centers, patients need hospitalization to ensure hydration during high-dose methotrexate therapy. ACVBP also causes more mucositis, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia than does CHOP, and it increases the risk of myelodysplasia and leukemia. 2,3 Generally, treatment with etoposide plus repetitive administration of high-dose alkylating agents is strongly leukemogenic, 4 and a 20-year follow-up showed an increase in the incidence of myelodysplasia. 3
FRI0102 Comparison of Diagnostic Accuracies of Anti-MCV and Anti-CCP Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Y.H. Lee, G.G. Song
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Enhanced antibody reactivity against the mutated citrullinated vimentin (MCV) was found in the serum of RA patients compared to the citrullinated vimentin, and anti-MCV showed increased diagnostic accuracy. Anti-MCV has been studied in comparison to anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) with respect to diagnostic accuracy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it remains unclear if the overall diagnostic values of anti-MCV antibodies are comparable to anti-CCP antibodies. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV) and anti-CCP antibodies in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We searched the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library databases, and performed two meta-analyses on the diagnostic accuracy of anti-MCV and anti-CCP in patients with RA compared to healthy controls. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 12 studies that included a total of 2,003 RA patients and 831 controls for the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of anti-MCV were 68.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.6–79.7) and 94.2% (95% CI 92.4–96.7), and those of anti-CCP were 61.7% (95% CI 59.5–63.8) and 97.1% (95% CI 96.7–98.1), respectively. Anti-MCV PLR, NLR, and DOR were 12.99 (95% CI 8.013–21.27), 0.297 (95% CI 0.238–0.369), and 47.78 (95% CI 28.59–79.84), and those for anti-CCP were 16.71 (95% CI 11.42–24.47), 0.378 (95% CI 0.325–0.439), and 54.20 (95% CI 31.65–92.82), respectively. The AUC of anti-MCV was 0.886, and its Q<sup>*</sup> index was 0.817, indicating modest accuracy, while the AUC of anti-CCP was 0.946, and its Q<sup>*</sup> index was 0.885. The sensitivity of anti-MCV was significantly higher than that of anti-CCP in the diagnosis of RA (difference 0.069, 95% CI 0.039–0.098, <i>p</i>&lt;0.0001), but the specificity of anti-MCV was lower than that of anti-CCP (difference −0.029, 95% CI −0.051–[−0.006], <i>p</i>=0.012). The Q<sup>*</sup> index of anti-MCV was significantly lower than that of anti-CCP (difference −0.068, 95% CI −0.070–[−0.065], <i>p</i>&lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our meta-analysis demonstrates that anti-MCV is more sensitive but less specific, and has lower diagnostic accuracy than anti-CCP in RA, although anti-MCV and anti-CCP showed comparable high PLRs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
p53-independent ibrutinib responses in an Eμ-TCL1 mouse model demonstrates efficacy in high-risk CLL
Authors: H J Lee, M Gallardo, H Ma, X Zhang, C A Larsson, A Mejia, M J Hornbaker, Y Qi, X Su, L R Pageon, A Quintas-Cardama, S M Post
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

Abstract Deletion of the short-arm of chromosome 17 (17p-) is one of the most critical genetic alterations used in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) risk stratification. The tumor suppressor TP53 maps to this region, and its loss or mutation accelerates CLL progression, hampers response to chemotherapy and shortens survival. Although florescent in situ hybridization analyses for 17p deletions are routinely performed during clinical diagnoses, p53 mutational status is often unexamined. Given the limited clinical data that exists for frontline treatment of patients with CLL harboring TP53 mutations, there is a need to understand the biology of CLL with TP53 mutations and identify treatment strategies for this subset of patients. Herein, we used a CLL mouse model ( Eμ-TCL1 ) harboring one of the most common TP53 hot-spot mutations observed in CLL (p53 R172H , corresponding to p53 R175H in humans) to evaluate its impact on disease progression, survival, response to therapy and loss of the remaining wild-type Trp53 allele following ibrutinib treatment. We show that ibrutinib was effective in increasing survival, activating cellular programs outside the p53 pathway and did not place selective pressure on the remaining wild-type Trp53 allele. These data provide evidence that ibrutinib acts as an effective treatment for aggressive forms of CLL with TP53 mutations.
P97 Post-liver reperfusion hepatic vein portal gradient pressure measurement and the risk of graft dysfunction in whole liver transplantation
Authors: S El-Ghazaly Harb, A Bartlett, H Vilca-Melendez, M Rela, N Heaton
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  “Small for size liver syndrome” is relatively uncommon after whole liver transplantation. Portal hyperperfusion is thought to damage the hepatic microvasculature, and drive Small for size liver syndrome. Post-perfusion portal venous pressure (PVP) may be an indirect reflection of sinusoidal injury. Donor Risk Index (DRI) can be utilised to assess the quality of the graft, with those having a DRI>1.7 considered as marginal1. This study looked at the association of portal pressure and graft quality in a whole liver transplant setting.  Method  50 adult patients who underwent liver transplantation underwent portal venous pressure measurements by direct pressure transduction during surgery. Central venous pressure was recorded at the same time points to be used to derive the Hepatic Venous Portal Gradient (HVPG) (HVPG=PVP-CVP). DRI was calculated for all the grafts used. The degree of fatty infiltration (%) was assessed on post-perfusion biopsies. Graft function was monitored post-operatively by recording INR (peak and days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7), lactate (peak level and day 1 and 2) serum AST (peak and days 1, 2, 3 and 7) and serum bilirubin (days 1, 5 and 7). The presence of ascites, jaundice and coagulopathy were documented. Ascitic drain loss (ml/day) was recorded up to the time of drain removal.  Results  A statistically significant correlation was found between PVP and DRI (p  This was supported by higher mean and median values of PVP in the group receiving grafts with a DRI>1.7 n=22) (Abstract P97 Figure 2).  Patients in this group had a mean PVP of 15 (±2.976) mm Hg and a median of 14 mm Hg (range: 8–22), in contrast to those receiving grafts of DRI  Conclusion  The HVPG should be evaluated as a tool for assessment of portal pressure post-reperfusion, particularly in patients transplanted with a high DRI, to predict morbidity post-transplant.
A venue-based HIV prevalence and behavioural study among men who have sex with men in Antwerp and Ghent, Flanders, Belgium, October 2009 to March 2010
Authors: W Vanden Berghe, C Nöstlinger, A Buvé, G Beelaert, K Fransen, M Laga
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

This venue-based, cross-sectional study reports on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence and behaviour of 649 men who have sex with men (MSM) in Antwerp and Ghent, Flanders, Belgium, from October 2009 to March 2010. Using time-location sampling, we found that HIV prevalence in MSM who attended different types of venue ranged from a high of 14.5% (95% CI: 8.9–20.1; n=22 in cruising venues to 4.9% (95% CI: 1.9–7.9; n=10) in more general gay venues to 1.4% (95% CI: 0.0–3.6; n=3) at younger MSM venues. Of those who tested HIV positive (n=35, five were unaware of their HIV status or self-reported as being HIV negative. One in five respondents were of non-Belgian nationality. The results showed relatively high rates of testing for HIV (52.2%; 95 % CI: 47.8–56.2; n=288) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (57.4%; 95% CI: 52.6–62.0; n=248) in the last 12 months. A majority of the men (n=233) used condoms consistently during their last anal sexual contact with a casual partner; however, HIV-positive men who were aware of their serostatus (n=30) reported less condom use with casual partners. This is the first such study in Belgium and the results constitute the evidence base for local, targeted interventions. Furthermore, our findings underscore the need for European cross-border cooperation to prevent HIV infection and other STIs among MSM.