tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NI-66 * COLOR CODED MAPS OF WHITE MATTER TRACTS: NO NEED FOR TRACTOGRAPHY
Authors: A. Raval, M. Schulder, P. Kingsley
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: White matter tracts can be observed using tractograms generated from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). However, the dependence of these tract images on subjective variables, including how seed points are placed and the preferred level of fractional anisotropy, introduces interobserver inconsistency and potential lack of reliability. We propose that color coded maps (CCM) generated from DTI can be a preferred method for the visualization of important white matter tracts. METHODS: DTI was acquired in 25 patients with brain tumors. Lesions included 15 tumors of glial origin, 9 metastatic tumors, two meningiomas, and one cavernous angioma. Tractograms of the pyramidal and/or optic radiations, based on tumor location, were created by marking seed regions of interest using known anatomical locations. We compared the degree of tract involvement and white matter alteration between CCMs and tractograms. Neurological outcomes were obtained from chart reviews. RESULTS: The pyramidal tract was evaluated in 20/25 patients, the visual tracts were evaluated in 10/25, and both tracts were evaluated in 5/25. In 19/25 studies, the same patterns of white matter alternations were found between the CCM and tractograms. In the 6 patients where patterns differed, 2 tractograms were not useful in determining pattern alteration; in the remaining 4/6, no practical difference was seen in comparing the studies. Two patients were lost to follow up. Thirteen patients were neurologically improved or remained intact after intervention. In these, 10 of the 13 patients showed displaced white matter tracts on CCM. Twelve patients had no improvement of their preoperative deficit. In 9 of these 12 patients, CCM showed white matter disruption. CONCLUSION: CCMs provide a convenient, practical, and objective method of visualizing white matter tracts, obviating the need for potentially subjective and time-consuming tractography. CCMs are at least as reliable as tractograms in predicting neurological outcomes after neurosurgical intervention.
Administrative Remedies Proposed for the NIH
Authors: K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Administrative Remedies Proposed for the NIH Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 3, 1 February 1989, Pages 185–187, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.3.185 Published: 01 February 1989
Multimodal endoscopic therapy for multifocal intraepithelial neoplasia and superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: V. Becker, A. Meining
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We recently reported a series of six consecutive patients receiving endoscopic therapy for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) [1]. Local endoscopic resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) were combined in a multimodal approach. Complete tumor eradication was achieved during follow-up ranging from 10 to 28 months.
Abstract 4273: DNA methyltransferase 3B mediates 5-aza-deoxycytidine hypersensitivity in cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cells
Authors: Maroun J. Beyrouthy, Kristen Garner, Mary P. Hever, Sarah J. Freemantle, Alan Eastman, Ethan Dmitrovsky, Michael J. Spinella
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) are the most common solid tumors of 15-35 year old men. TGCT patients are frequently cured with cytotoxic cisplatin-based therapy. However, TGCT patients refractory to cisplatin-based chemotherapy have a poor prognosis, as do those having a late relapse. Pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (EC) are the malignant counterparts to embryonic stem (ES) cells and are considered the stem cells of TGCTs. Here we show that human EC cells are highly sensitive to 5-aza-deoxycytidine (5-aza-CdR) as compared to a variety of somatic solid tumor cells. This is associated with markedly abundant expression of the pluripotency-associated DNA methyltransferase 3B, DNMT3B, as compared to somatic tumor cells. Knockdown of DNMT3B in EC cells resulted in substantial resistance to 5-aza-CdR, strongly implicating that 5-aza-CdR sensitivity is mechanistically linked to high levels of DNMT3B. Intriguingly, cisplatin resistant EC cells retain an exquisite sensitivity to low dose 5-aza-CdR treatment and pretreatment of 5-aza-CdR re-sensitizes these cells to cisplatin-mediated toxicity. These findings indicate that high expression of DNMT3B, a likely byproduct of their pluripotent and germ cell nature, sensitizes TGCT-derived EC cells to low dose 5-aza-CdR treatment. Decreased proliferation and survival with low nanomolar concentrations of 5-aza-CdR is associated with ATM activation, H2AX phosphorylation, increased expression of p21, and the induction of genes known to be methylated in TGCTs. Data pertaining to the mechanism of DNMT3B-dependent, 5-aza-CdR hypersensitivity in TGCTs will be presented. Efforts to extend this work to clinical samples are ongoing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4273.
Extensive intramural hematoma of the esophagus following endoscopic mucosal resection
Authors: Kavinderjit Nanda, Nicholas Tutticci, Crispin Musumba, Michael Bourke
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Intramural esophageal hematoma (IEH) is a rare but well-recognized endoscopic finding, which forms part of the spectrum of esophageal mucosal injuries [1] [2]. It results from disruption of the vasculature within the submucosal plane of the esophageal wall. This leads to dissection of the submucosa by blood, which extends the length of the esophagus and causes intramural expansion and compression of the lumen, resulting in symptoms [1]. The endoscopic appearance is characterized by a distinct, dark bluish mass bulging into the esophageal lumen, which may be localized or diffuse. Although spontaneous IEH is well described [3], reports of iatrogenic causes are uncommon. Procedure-related causes include violent retching during endoscopy, esophageal biopsy, variceal band ligation, sclerotherapy, and dilatation [4] [5] [6] [7]. We present the first reported case of IEH following esophageal endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR).
The effect of dobutamine on cardiac oxygen balance, regional blood flow, and infarction severity after coronary artery narrowing in dogs.
Authors: R R Tuttle, G D Pollock, G Todd, B MacDonald, R Tust, W Dusenberry
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

We compared the acute effects of dobutamine and isoproterenol on cardiac O, balance and regional blood flow (studied with microspheres) in eight male beagles with a narrowed left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).The two drugs similarly increased cardiac contractility, output, and oxygen consumption.However, unlike isoproterenol, dobutamine did not accelerate heart rate or markedly lower peripheral resistance.Also unlike isoproterenol, dobutamine augmented blood flow in regions supplied by the LAD and improved oxygen balance, as indicated by significant increases in coronary sinus Po 2 , oxygen supply-consumption ratio, and lactic acid consumption.To determine whether dobutamine would contain infarction, we continuously infused it or saline in 24 beagles for 24 hours immediately after LAD constriction.Then, 1-3 days after LAD constriction, we assessed the infarction.In 11 of 12 dogs treated with dobutamine, infarctions could not be detected by gross examination or the distribution of microspheres, and microscopic lesions were minimal.In contrast, 10 of 12 dogs treated with saline had gross transmural infarctions, an absence of microspheres in the region supplied by the LAD, and marked microscopic damage.Therefore, prompt and persistent treatment with a powerful inotropic agent, used at doses low enough to avoid chronotropic and vascular side effects, may contain rather than extend myocardial infarction by increasing the supply of oxygen more than it increases the requirement for oxygen.
&lt;italic&gt;Brief Communication:&lt;/italic&gt; Immunotherapy of Lethal Metastases by Lymphocytes Sensitized Against Tumor Cells In Vitro&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A J Treves, I R Cohen, M Feldman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

To learn whether tumor metastases can be prevented by the immune system, we developed a model for the treatment of mice with syngeneic lymphocytes sensitized against tumor cells in vitro. Mice were given subcutaneously tumor cells that spontaneously metastasized to the lungs. The tumors developing locally were surgically removed and the mice were inoculated with sensitized lymphocytes 1 day later. Prevention of death by lung metastases was the measure of immunotherapy. Only approximately equal to 30-40 percent of mice receiving control treatment survived, whereas approximately equal to 70 percent survived that received lymphocytes sensitized in vitro against the tumor cells. Hence sensitization of syngeneic lymphocytes against tumor cells in vitro and injection of the lymphocytes into the host after removal of a local tumor prevented the development of lethal metastases.
Detection of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma With Head and Neck Tc-99m Tetrofosmin SPECT Imaging
Authors: Y Y Shen, C H Kao, S P Changlai, P U Chieng, T C Yen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT imaging of the head and neck was performed on 10 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and 10 controls. There was no abnormal nasopharyngeal uptake of tetrofosmin in the 10 controls. In the patients with NPC, 3/10 (30%) of the cases had no abnormal uptake and 7/10 (70%) had increased nasopharyngeal uptake. Considering our preliminary study, we find that Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT of the head and neck may be helpful in the detection of NPC. However, further study with a larger number of patients is needed to ascertain the value of Tc-99m tetrofosmin SPECT in such cases.
The Monocyte in Atherosclerosis — Should I Stay or Should I Go Now?
Authors: Robert E. Gerszten, Andrew M. Tager
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

The accrual of cholesterol-laden macrophages in the atherosclerotic plaque is a critical event that precedes plaque rupture. The guidance molecule netrin-1 mediates this accrual in a mouse model of atherosclerosis.
SAT0258 Low Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Surface Antigen Seroreversion in Hbsag Negative, Anti-Hbc Positive Carriers Undergoing Rituximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: V. Varisco, M. Viganò, A. Batticciotto, P. Lampertico, A. Marchesoni, P. Gibertini, R. Pellerito, G. Rovera, R. Caporali, M. Todoerti, M. Covelli, A. Notarnicola, P. Sarzi-Puttini
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab (RTX), an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is an effective treatment for Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), targeting B cells. However, the safety of this drug in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative/anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive carriers is still unknown. The purpose of our study is to evaluate the risk of HBsAg seroreversion in this kind of patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of our study is to evaluate the risk of HBsAg seroreversion in this kind of patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed 310 RA patients treated in 5 italian outpatient rheumatologic Clinics with RTX from August 2006 to December 2011. 35 (11,2%) were HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive patients and they did not undergo antiviral prophylaxis. Complete serological panel for HBV status before starting RTX infusions and adequate post-treatment follow-up were available. All patients (75% female, median age 60 years, median disease duration 8 yrs, 100% serum HBV DNA negative by sensitive PCR assay, 87% anti-HBs positive) has been treated with one or more disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (83% MTX, 26% CYS, 80% PDN, 8% LEF, 6% AZA) and were eligible for RTX therapy according to international guidelines. The median period of RTX administration was 3 cycles (range: 1-8) and the therapy was ongoing at the end of observational period in 76% of cases. All patients were laboratory and clinically evaluated every three months. Serum HBsAg and serum HBV DNA were assessed in all patients every 6 months or in case of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation and at the end of the follow-up period. <h3>Results</h3> The median follow-up time was 45 months (range: 12-80). In this period 27% of patients had anti-HBs titer decrease (2 patient with a complete lost of anti-HBs levels). Only one patient (3%) had an increase of serum HBV DNA (from undetectable to 24 and 44 IU/mL, 1 week apart) without either HBsAg seroreversion or ALT increase. This virological breakthrough occurred 5 months after the first cycle of RTX and required Lamivudine treatment which successfully suppressed viral replication in 4 weeks. One patient (3%) had an ALT flare, not related to HBV reactivation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The retrospective review of our multicentre experience suggest that an adequate monitoring of HBsAg and HBV DNA levels in RA patients HBsAg negative/anti-HBc positive, as recommended by international guidelines, allows us to avoid the antiviral prophylaxis during RTX treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2656
Abstract 2782: Utilization of <i>in vivo</i> human isogenic cancer models in the new era of targeted therapies.
Authors: Yanmei Sun, Songling Zhang, Holly Astley, Rebecca Foster, Christine Schofield, Chris Torrance, Jinying Ning, Taiping Chen, Qian Shi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The explosion of knowledge regarding the genetic underpinnings of human cancer heralds a new era of targeted therapy. To date, in vivo cell based screening has proven a useful tool in almost all drug development programs. Cells used in such screens are usually harvested from cancer patients that harbor the specific mutation of interest, but these cells almost invariably contain many other additional mutations making it difficult to ascertain the specific functions of molecules being screened. Thus the lack of true control cells hampers the development of new cancer therapeutics. Using cell lines generated with Horizon Discovery's proprietary rAAV-based GENESIS™ gene editing platform, we have established a comprehensive range of isogenic cancer models for our in vivo compound screening program to service our clients in academia and industry, with mutations in a wide variety of genes including KRAS, PIK3CA, PTEN, IDH1 and p53. These isogenic tumor models comprise pairs of cell lines which share the same genetic background, differing only by the mutation of interest and therefore allowing definitive studies of specific genetic variances to be performed. The same isogenic pairs of lines can be used for in vitro and in vivo experiments to ensure continuity and relevance of results. We have carried out intensive validation of these models in vivo to ensure the lines generate robust tumor growth in mice and the matched tumors differ only in the genetic composition of target gene. In a POC study, colon cancer cell lines with the KRAS G13D mutation have been demonstrated to respond to Cetuximab treatment, consistent with recent findings in the clinic. These results challenge the current clinical practice of only using Cetuximab as a therapeutic for KRAS wild type patients, and provide the basis for expanding the usage of the drug to benefit more patients. In summary, we have established a series of reliable in vivo isogenic models with precise and highly specific genetic modifications as predictors of clinical effect. They will provide a valuable tool in the drug discovery and development arena to drive forward personalized medicine by enabling novel target validation, expansion of the target population for existing therapeutics, and definition of patient responsive genotypes. Citation Format: Yanmei Sun, Songling Zhang, Holly Astley, Rebecca Foster, Christine Schofield, Chris Torrance, Jinying Ning, Taiping Chen, Qian Shi. Utilization of in vivo human isogenic cancer models in the new era of targeted therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2782. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2782
Elevated Erythrocyte Adenosine Deaminase Activity in Congenital Hypoplastic Anemia
Authors: Bertil E. Glader, Karen Backer, Louis K. Diamond
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Abnormalities of adenosine deaminase, a critical enzyme of the purine salvage pathway, have been reported in association with immune dysfunction, acute leukemia, and hereditary hemolytic anemia. We report data showing that erythrocyte adenosine deaminase activity is also abnormal in congenital hypoplastic anemia (the Diamond-Blackfan syndrome). Adenosine deaminase activity in erythrocytes from 12 patients (mean ±S.D., 2.20±0.77 IU per gram of hemoglobin) was substantially greater than that observed in 50 controls (0.62±0.13 IU per gram). Enzyme activity in affected patients was also greater than that seen in cord blood or in erythrocytes from patients with hemolytic anemia, acquired aplastic anemia, Fanconi's hypoplastic anemia, acquired pure red-cell aplasia, or transient erythroblastopenia of childhood. These observations indicate that erythrocyte adenosine deaminase activity may be a unique marker for identifying congenital hypoplastic anemia. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:1486–90.)
Interim estimates of 2013/14 influenza clinical severity and vaccine effectiveness in the prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza-related hospitalisation, Canada, February 2014
Authors: S A McNeil, V Shinde, M Andrew, T F Hatchette, J LeBlanc, A Ambrose, G Boivin, W R Bowie, F Diaz-Mitoma, M ElSherif, K Green, F Haguinet, S Halperin, B Ibarguchi, K Katz, JM Langley, P Lagacé-Wiens, B Light, M Loeb, J E McElhaney, D MacKinnon-Cameron, A E McCarthy, M Poirier, J Powis, D Richardson, M Semret, S Smith, D Smyth, G Stiver, S Trottier, L Valiquette, D Webster, L Ye, A McGeer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Abstract 1747: The Pax3:Foxo1a translocation product is a cell cycle-specific modifier of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma tumor phenotype.
Authors: Ken Kikuchi, Simone Hettmer, M. Imran Aslam, Joel E. Michalek, Wolfram Laub, Brian P. Rubin, Amy J. Wagers, Charles Keller
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in childhood, which falls into one of two biologically distinct subtypes, alveolar (aRMS) or embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. aRMS harbors a translocation-mediated PAX3:FOXO1A fusion gene and has an extremely poor prognosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Primary murine aRMS cultures were obtained from the Myf6Cre, Pax3:Foxo1a, p53 conditional mouse aRMS model, in which eYFP is expressed as a second cistron in the targeted Pax3:Foxo1a-ires-eYFP allele. Limited dilution transplantation experiments were performed using Pax3:Foxo1a knockdown by siRNA of eYFP or control aRMS primary cultures. To elucidate the dynamical function of Pax3:Foxo1a, time-lapse confocal microscopy experiments, cell cycle analysis, quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry and mRNA array were performed using murine aRMS primary cell cultures with or without Pax3:Foxo1a knockdown treated by 6 Gy irradiation, or selected for ploidy using hoechst33342 sorted cell cycle-specific cells. RESULTS: Pax3:Foxo1a is not required for tumor repopulating ability in mouse limiting-dilution transplantation experiments. The expression level of Pax3:Foxo1a was discovered to be dynamic and varied during the cell cycle in murine aRMS primary cell cultures and human aRMS cell lines. Pax3:Foxo1a is enriched in G2 and triggers a transcriptional program conducive to checkpoint adaptation in genome-wide expression analysis and quantitative RT-PCR. Radiation resulted in a higher fraction of DNA breaks amongst mitotic cells (as represented by dual pHH3 positive, H2AX positive cells) under conditions of Pax3:Foxo1a expression compared with knockdown, suggesting that Pax3:Foxo1a facilitates G2/M transit, consistent with checkpoint adaptation. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that Pax3:Foxo1a does not function in tumor cell maintenance, the expression level of Pax3:Foxo1a is dynamic and varies during the cell cycle, and Pax3:Foxo1a facilitates checkpoint adaptation under stress conditions such as irradiation. Furthermore, the surprisingly dynamic regulation of the Pax3:Foxo1a locus is a paradigm that has important implications for the way in which oncogenes are modeled in cancer biology. Citation Format: Ken Kikuchi, Simone Hettmer, M. Imran Aslam, Joel E. Michalek, Wolfram Laub, Brian P. Rubin, Amy J. Wagers, Charles Keller. The Pax3:Foxo1a translocation product is a cell cycle-specific modifier of the alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma tumor phenotype. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1747. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1747
Age-related upper limits of normal for maximum upright exercise pulmonary haemodynamics
Authors: Rudolf K.F. Oliveira, Manyoo Agarwal, Julie A. Tracy, Abbey L. Karin, Alexander R. Opotowsky, Aaron B. Waxman, David M. Systrom
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The exercise definition of pulmonary hypertension was eliminated from the pulmonary hypertension guidelines in part due to uncertainty of the upper limits of normal (ULNs) for exercise haemodynamics in subjects &gt;50 years old. The present study, therefore, evaluated the pulmonary haemodynamic responses to maximum upright incremental cycling exercise in consecutive subjects who underwent an invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing for unexplained exertional intolerance, deemed normal based on preserved exercise capacity and normal resting supine haemodynamics. Subjects aged &gt;50 years old (n=41) were compared with subjects ≤50 years old (n=25). ULNs were calculated as mean+ 2sd . Peak exercise mean pulmonary arterial pressure was not different for subjects &gt;50 and ≤50 years old (23±5 versus 22±4 mmHg, p=0.22), with ULN of 33 and 30 mmHg, respectively. Peak cardiac output was lower in older subjects (median (interquartile range): 12.1 (9.4–14.2) versus 16.2 (13.8–19.2) L·min −1 , p&lt;0.001). Peak pulmonary vascular resistance was higher in older subjects compared with younger subjects (mean± sd : 1.20±0.45 versus 0.82±0.26 Wood units, p&lt;0.001), with ULN of 2.10 and 1.34 Wood units, respectively. We observed that subjects &gt;50 and ≤50 years old have different pulmonary vascular responses to exercise. Older subjects have higher pulmonary vascular resistance at peak exercise, resulting in different exercise haemodynamics ULNs compared with the younger population.
Virus-Like Particles in Geometric Tubuloreticular Structures2
Authors: Mina Lee Vernon, Paul J. Price
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Virus-Like Particles in Geometric Tubuloreticular Structures Get access Mina Lee Vernon, Mina Lee Vernon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paul J. Price Paul J. Price Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 4, April 1976, Pages 855–857, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.4.855 Published: 01 April 1976 Article history Received: 08 August 1975 Accepted: 05 November 1975 Published: 01 April 1976