tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Liberian Health Care Worker with Fever
Authors: Adam C. Levine, Pranav P. Shetty, Patricia C. Henwood, Pardis Sabeti, Joel T. Katz, Anand Vaidya
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 52-year-old woman presented in September 2014 to an Ebola treatment unit operated by the International Medical Corps in Liberia, reporting a 5-day history of fever and muscle and joint pain. She also reported the development of headache, anorexia, nausea, mild diarrhea, and mild chest pains in the preceding 1 to 2 days. She noted no mucosal or gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain, rash . . .
Abstract 3048: The genome-wide contribution of microRNAs to gene regulation in Ewing sarcoma.
Authors: David Herrero-Martin, Maximilian Kauer, Kristina B. Emdal, Grzegorz Sienski, Argyrou Fourtouna, Robert Kralovics, Jesper V. Olsen, Heinrich Kovar
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The identification of microRNA (miR) targets within a given cellular context still poses a largely unsolved problem. MiR targets are predicted based on the presence of seed sequences in the 3'UTR of mRNAs. Target candidate lists are filtered assuming mRNA destabilization, and validated by artificially forcing ectopic expression of miR analogs, or by interfering with miR expression by antagomirs. However, the expression level and amplitude of physiological miR variations is much smaller than experimentally induced miR perturbations. Crosslinking and immuno precipitation (CLIP) followed by sequencing of bound RNA allows monitoring of dynamic changes in miR/mRNA occupancy of RISC. However, it is unclear if increased miR activity will lead to increased target read counts due to elevated RISC occupancy or to decreased read counts as a consequence of target destabilization. Ewing sarcoma (ES) expresses an oncogenic transcription factor, EWS/FLI1.To study the impact of miRs to the gene regulatory network downstream of EWS/FLI1, we used a combination of mRNA and miR expression profiling, ChIP-seq, PAR-CLIP of AGO2, AGO2 knockdown, and SILAC monitoring of proteome changes in an inducible EWS/FLI1 knockdown ES cell line. Our data suggest that EWS/FLI1 perturbs gene regulation primarily on the transcriptional level and miRs play only a modulatory role for gene expression. Furthermore EWS/FLI1 affects the expression of many miR biogenesis and miR activity as well as RISC associated proteins. Knockdown of EWS/FLI1 results in pronounced changes of miR specific PAR-CLIP spectra. Disabled RISC activity lead to only minor changes in genome-wide mRNA expression. Our results are consistent with a complex role of the miRNome in the fine tuning of gene regulatory networks in Ewing sarcoma. Supported by grants EU-FP7 259348 and Austrian Science Fund FWF 24708-B21. Citation Format: David Herrero-Martin, Maximilian Kauer, Kristina B. Emdal, Grzegorz Sienski, Argyrou Fourtouna, Robert Kralovics, Jesper V. Olsen, Heinrich Kovar. The genome-wide contribution of microRNAs to gene regulation in Ewing sarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3048. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3048
CS-34 * EVIDENCE FOR OLIGODENDROCYTE ORIGINS OF PEDIATRIC GLIOMA
Authors: A.-C. Tein, A. Griveau, R. Hashizume, D. Rowitch
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Malignant astrocytoma is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality in children. We have reported that activating mutations of serine/threonine protein kinase BRAF are present in 10 ∼ 20% of pediatric glioma grade II-IV and are often accompanied by concomitant homozygous deletion of CDKN2A. In a de novo mouse model bearing similar genetic mutations (hGFAP-cre; BrafV600E(+/-); Ink-Arf−/-), we observed prolonged, increased and preferential proliferation of oligodendrocyte precursor (OLPs) versus astrocytes in the pre-cancerous state. These proliferative OLPs express several known cancer stem cell markers including Olig2, Sox2, Mash-1 and SSEA-1, suggesting further parallels with progenitors for pediatric glioma formation. We have previously shown that phosphorylation of Olig2 (P-Olig2) is associated with oncogenicity in adult glioma orthoptopic graphs. BrafV600E-activated OLPs express high levels of P-Olig2. A kinase inhibitor screen identified that GSK-3β and CK-II phosphorylate Olig2 in BrafV600E-driven neurospheres. Inhibition of CK-II resulted in decreased in P-Olig2 levels and OLP proliferation rate in vivo. Further pre-clinical studies are underway to validate the possible drugability of CK-II inhibitor and dual kinase inhibitor treatment with BrafV600E inhibitor. Our work suggests that OLPs may serve as cells-of-origin for pediatric glioma and that a inhibitor therapy targeted against P-Olig2 in Braf-driven pediatric glioma might have therapeutic benefit.
A novel magnetic countertraction device for endoscopic submucosal dissection significantly reduces procedure time and minimizes technical difficulty
Authors: Hiroyuki Aihara, Marvin Ryou, Nitin Kumar, Michele Ryan, Christopher Thompson
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> In endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), effective countertraction may overcome the current drawbacks of longer procedure times and increased technical demands. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of ESD using a novel magnetic countertraction device with that of the traditional technique. <b>Methods:</b> Each ESD was performed on simulated gastric lesions of 30 mm diameter created at five different locations. In total, 10 ESDs were performed using this novel device and 10 were performed by the standard technique. <b>Results:</b> The magnetic countertraction device allowed directional tissue manipulation and exposure of the submucosal space. The total procedure time was 605 ± 303.7 seconds in the countertraction group vs. 1082 ± 515.9 seconds in the control group (<i>P</i> = 0.021). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrated that using a novel magnetic countertraction device during ESD is technically feasible and enables the operator to dynamically manipulate countertraction such that the submucosal layer is visualized directly. Use of this device significantly reduced procedure time compared with conventional ESD techniques.
Temporal Heterogeneity of Estrogen Receptor Expression in Bone-Dominant Breast Cancer:<sup>18</sup>F-Fluoroestradiol PET Imaging Shows Return of ER Expression
Authors: Erin Currin, Lanell M. Peterson, Erin K. Schubert, Jeanne M. Link, Kenneth A. Krohn, Robert B. Livingston, David A. Mankoff, Hannah M. Linden
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Changes in estrogen receptor (ER) expression over the course of therapy may affect response to endocrine therapy.However, measuring temporal changes in ER expression requires serial biopsies, which are impractical and poorly tolerated by most patients.Functional ER imaging using 18 F-fluoroestradiol (FES)-PET provides a noninvasive measure of regional ER expression and is ideally suited to serial studies.Additionally, lack of measurable FES uptake in metastatic sites of disease predict tumor progression in patients with ER-positive primary tumors treated with endocrine therapy.This report presents a case of restored sensitivity to endocrine therapy in a patient with bone-dominant breast cancer who underwent serial observational FES-PET imaging over the course of several treatments at our center, demonstrating the temporal heterogeneity of regional ER expression.Although loss and restoration of endocrine sensitivity in patients who have undergone prior hormonal and cytotoxic treatments has been reported, this is, to our knowledge, the first time the accompanying changes in ER expression have been documented by molecular imaging.
Hydrogel with Aligned and Tunable Pore Via “Hot Ice” Template Applies as Bioscaffold
Authors: Hongjian He, Mingyu Liu, Junjie Wei, Ping Chen, Shilong Wang, Qigang Wang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

An aligned hydrogel with tunable macropore size via hot ice template is described, which exhibits a high porosity, large pore size, easily modified surface, high survival rate as well as a linear arrangement of NIH3T3 cells.
PWE-145 Restrospective Review of Hepatitis B Database
Authors: V Sagar, N N Than, S Naqvi, S Singhal
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Chronic Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) affects 350 million people worldwide with potential serious consequences. The aim of this study was to measure adherence at Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals (SWBH) NHS Trust to recent guidance regarding HBV assessment and treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective review of the SWBH HBV database (2003–2012) was undertaken. On the basis of European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) guidance, attainment of the following outcomes (standard 100%) was calculated: ALT measurement, liver ultrasound (US) examination, HBV DNA measurement, HIV testing, further liver assessment where indicated (using biopsy or Fibroscan) and use of antiviral therapy where indicated. <h3>Results</h3> 322 patients with HBV were identified. Attainment of the EASL standards were as follows: ALT measurement 92%, liver US examination 80%, HBV DNA measurement 95%, HIV testing 72%, further liver assessment where indicated 82% and use of antiviral therapy where indicated 100%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In general patients were managed according to EASL guidance. Liver US examination was not 100% mainly because patients failed to attend their appointment. HIV testing was not 100% as routine testing in HBV patients was introduced only in 2008. Further liver assessment with biopsy was deferred in a number of cases after discussion between patient and physician; recent acquisition of a Fibroscan at SWBH should increase the proportion of appropriate patients undergoing further liver assessment. It is encouraging that all patients received antiviral therapy where indicated. It is hoped that data from this review and recent acquisition of a Fibroscan at SWBH Trust will promote improved adherence to guidelines. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> AASLD practise guidelines 2009: Chronic Hepatitis B EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: management of chronic hepatitis B. European Association For The Study Of The Liver. J Hepatol. 2009 Feb; 50(2):227–42
Health Care Law, by Jonathan Montgomery
Authors: V. Harpwood
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Jonathan Montgomery, Clarendon Press, £19.99, pp 476 ISBN 0 19 876259 3

The law concerning the delivery of health care is constantly changing, and media attention is often attracted by the latest story on some legal aspect of the practice of medicine. All too often cases are sensationalised and the medical profession is presented in a bad light by the popular press. It is therefore refreshing to find a text that states the law clearly, comprehensively, and accurately in a form that is easily digested by educated non-lawyers. Jonathan Montgomery's book achieves his stated aim of providing those who work in the …
AB0410 Effect of Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: S. Moon, E.-J. Park, H.W. Kim, K.-S. Shin, C.-K. Lee, J.-Y. Choe, H.-S. Cha, J. Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are very prevalent and so often coincide. Among various anti-inflammatory agents, TNF-α blocking drugs reportedly stabilize renal function in RA patients with CKD and/or secondary renal amyloidosis by suppressing inflammation. However, there are no available data supporting the efficacy of anti-TNF-α agents in a larger population of RA patients with renal insufficiency. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) therapy on progression of CKD in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Seventy patients with RA and CKD were retrospectively analyzed. Outcomes were evaluated using the difference in the annual change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between patients with treated with anti-TNF-α or without. <h3>Results</h3> There was a tendency toward stabilization of eGFR after a median of 2.6 years (interquartile range, 1.2–4.2 years) from 50.3±8.4 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> to 54.5±16.0 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> in patients received anti-TNF-α therapy (p=0.084). Conversely, eGFR decreased significantly in patients not receiving anti-TNF-α therapy after a median of 3.0 years (interquartile range, 1.8–4.6 years) from 50.9±7.7 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> to 43.7±10.9 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (p&lt;0.001). The annual change of eGFR was significantly different between patients treated with anti-TNF-α drugs and without (2.0±7.0 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/y versus -2.9±5.8 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/y; difference in mean values, -4.9 ml/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>/y; 95% confidence interval, -7.5 to -2.2; p=0.002). Use of anti-TNF-α drugs was also significantly associated with positive annual change of eGFR in logistic regression analysis (p=0.009). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Among patients with RA and CKD, treatment with anti-TNF-α drugs was associated with less renal function decline. Anti-TNF-α drugs may be beneficial for managing RA combined with CKD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4801
Abstract LB-406: Identification of functional enhancer SNPs in breast cancer models though ChIP-sequencing screening
Authors: Thomas Westerling, Luz Tavera-Mendoza, Myles Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The American Cancer Society estimates there were 288,130 new breast cancer diagnoses, and 39,520 breast cancer deaths nationwide in 2011. A number of life-style factors can influence breast cancer risk, however, it is apparent that both previously identified and still unknown genetic risk factors are contributing to the disease. Recent estimates place the unknown genetic component at around 70% of the total familial risk. Knowing the underlying genetic risk factors in these cases could greatly influence prevention and treatment strategies and outcome. The role of polymorphism and breast cancer and disease risk in various populations, and multiple genome-wide association (GWAS) studies have identified variants that confer risk for developing cancer or for disease progression. Importantly, the majority of these variants confer small increases in risk. Recent developments in genomics is rapidly increasing the amount of known genetic variants further confounding the discovery of risk alleles due to the need for extremely large cohorts in GWAS studies. Thus there is a clear and growing need to refine the static data with functional screening. Much of the genetic variation maps to non-coding gene deserts, leading to the popular idea that they affect cis-regulatory regions (distal enhancers) that serve as binding sites for long-range transcription factor (TF) activity, as recently demonstrated for a common variant that lies 350 kb upstream of the MYC oncogene. In order to identify functional variants that reside in and affect distal enhancer function we are employing high depth ChIP-sequencing of nuclear hormone receptors and their pioneer factors combined with SNP-array and whole genome sequencing data. Through this strategy we are building a bank of known functionally relevant SNPs that have direct association to a known DNA binding factor and its biological outcome in breast cancer models. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-406. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-406
Benign Cervical Thymoma Masquerading as a Malignant Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Kashyap P Lanka, Badal Sarin, Vikas Prasad, Saurav Sen, Anurag Mehta, H S Rawat, Anupam Mondal, Rajnish Sharma
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

A thymoma in the neck region is a rare diagnosis involving a solitary neck nodule that moves with deglutition and is contiguous with the thyroid gland. The authors report an unusual case of a thymoma that accumulated both Tc-99m pertechnetate and Tc-99m MIBI. This is probably the first reported case of a benign neck thymoma concentrating these two radiopharmaceuticals. Thymoma should be added to the gamut of false-positive findings in the neck for thyroidal (with Tc-99m pertechnetate) and malignant (with Tc-99m MIBI) tissue.
Cost Sharing in the Emergency Department — Is It Safe? is It Needed?
Authors: Joe V. Selby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The use of cost-sharing strategies such as copayments, deductibles, and coinsurance by health insurance plans is controversial. In shifting a portion of health care expenses from the insurance purchaser or provider to the patient, cost sharing invariably reduces the demand for services.18 Proponents suggest that attention to costs leads patients to reduce inappropriate use of services selectively, without curtailing needed care. However, distinguishing appropriate from inappropriate visits on the basis of symptoms is not always straightforward, even for health professionals.9 Unless cost sharing can be directed solely at inappropriate care, there is concern that some patients will delay seeking . . .
PROCEDURAL OUTCOMES AND LONG-TERM SURVIVAL FOLLOWING TRANS-VENOUS DEFIBRILLATOR LEAD EXTRACTION IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE
Authors: Anand D. Shah, Lakshmi P. Peddareddy, Maher Addish, Kimberly Kelly, Adarsh U. Patel, Mary Casey, Abhinav Goyal, Angel Leon, Mikhael El-Chami, Faisal Merchant
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Cytomegalovirus colitis in a case of cryptogenic colitis
Authors: T. Yoshino, S. Yazumi, N. Kumagai, A. Yamauchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 78-year-old woman was administered methylprednisolone pulse therapy for 4 days because of exacerbation of bronchial asthma, followed by treatment with prednisolone (5 mg). After 7 days' treatment with prednisolone, the patient developed abdominal pain and continual watery diarrhea. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the upper abdomen. Laboratory data on admission showed severe dehydration (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] 52.5 mg/dL, creatinine 1.78 mg/dL) and severe inflammation (C-reactive protein 19.56 mg/dL). Sigmoidoscopy showed continuous shallow and girdle ulceration extending from the rectum to the sigmoid colon ([Fig. 1]). Bacteriologic examination of blood and stool cultures and for Clostridium difficile toxin was negative. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antigenemia and histological findings including immunohistochemistry were also negative. As treatment with antibiotics had no effect at all, we reevaluated the case for CMV infection. Only real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using colonic biopsy specimens (colonic PCR) was positive for CMV infection. After antiviral treatment for 2 weeks, the patient's symptoms significantly improved and endoscopy showed healing of the colonic ulceration ([Fig. 2]). Hence, a definitive diagnosis of CMV colitis was made.
Abstract 2043: BORIS directly regulates in vivo expression of the cancer testis antigen, testes-specific protease 50 (TSP50)
Authors: Teruhiko Suzuki, Natsuki Kosaka-Suzuki, Herbert C. Morse, Dmitri Loukinov, Victor Lobanenkov
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BORIS (Brother of the Regulator of Imprinted Sites), also known as CTCFL, is a paralogous gene of that encoding the versatile chromatin factor CTCF. While BORIS was initially described as a testis-specific gene, recent reports showed that it is also expressed in various tumors and cancer cell lines at the transcriptional and protein levels indicating that BORIS encodes a cancer testis antigen (CTA). Interestingly, several studies have shown that BORIS regulates the expression of other CTAs including MAGE-A1 and NY-ESO-1. Gene expression profiling of testes derived from BORIS knockout and wild type mice suggested that BORIS regulates the expression of another gene encoding a CTA, testes-specific protease 50 (TSP50), also known as PRSS50. To examine this suggestion, we first performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and found that the mouse TSP50 promoter region contains two BORIS binding sites. Occupancy of these sites by BORIS was confirmed by ChIP analyses of testicular chromatin. Computer analyses of the human TSP50 promoter revealed extensive homology with the mouse TSP50 promoter within BORIS binding sites. We confirmed BORIS binding to those sites by EMSA. Moreover, ChIP analyses of human cancer cell lines expressing TSP50 also showed that BORIS was bound to the promoter. Luciferase reporter assays demonstrated the importance of BORIS for the regulation of TSP50 promoter. Finally, we found that BORIS-induced expression of TSP50 is epigenetically regulated. These findings represent the first demonstration that the CTA, BORIS, itself regulates the expression of other CTAs in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2043. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2043
Vidéo-capsule du grêle en urgence pour les hémorragies digestives obscures sévères: champ diagnostique et impact sur la prise en charge thérapeutique ultérieure
Authors: S Lecleire, I Iwanicki-Caron, A Di Fiore, C Elie, A Oden-Gangloff, S Ramirez, E Ben Soussan, S Herve, P Ducrotté, M Antonietti
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: La vidéo-capsule du grêle (VCE) est actuellement le meilleur examen non-invasif permettant d'explorer l'intégralité de l'intestin grêle chez les malades présentant une hémorragie digestive obscure (HDO). Chez ces malades, le taux de diagnostic positif de la VCE pratiquée à distance de l'hémorragie digestive est compris entre 65 et 70%. Cependant, la place de la VCE en urgence chez les malades présentant une HDO sévère extériorisée n'est pour le moment pas déterminée. But de l'étude: évaluer le champ diagnostique et l'impact de la VCE en urgence chez les malades présentant une HDO sévère extériorisée.