tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0788 Treating Axial-Spa to Target: Prevalence of Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS) Inactive Disease in a Cohort of Patients Treated with Anti-TNFα Agents
Authors: S. Monti, S. Breda, F. De Nard, V. Grosso, M. Todoerti, C. Montecucco, R. Caporali
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Treating disease to target is emerging as the recommended strategy also in the management of axial-SpA (axSpA) (1). Reaching remission, defined as inactive disease (ID), constitutes the ideal target in clinical practice. <h3>Objectives</h3> Using the new composite disease activity index "<i>Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score</i>" (ASDAS) (2) we assessed the prevalence of ID in a cohort of patients with axSpA treated with anti-TNFα agents. Potential patient- and disease-related factors influencing the status of ID were analyzed. <h3>Methods</h3> The study population was selected from outpatients with axSpA treated with anti-TNFα attending our Rheumatology Department. Disease activity was evaluated in terms of BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP during the latest follow up visit. ID was defined as ASDAS-CRP&lt;1.3 (2). Statistical analysis was performed with STATA. <h3>Results</h3> General characteristics of the 53 enrolled patients are presented in Table 1. A BASDAI &lt;4 was recorded for 70% of the study population, while only 31% showed ID according to ASDAS-CRP (Figure 1). As expected, a strict correlation between the two disease activity indices was confirmed (Spearman9s r =0.76; p&lt;0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated an inverse correlation of ID status with NSAIDs intake (OR 0.15; CI95% 0.45-0.54). ID achievement resulted independent from sex, disease duration, BASMI,DMARDs, type of anti-TNFα agent. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our cohort of axSpA treated with biological agents, only one third achieved ID according to ASDAS-CRP. Even with the limitations of the small sample size, ID does not correlate with the principle patient- and disease-related features but is inversely associated with NSAIDs intake. Further studies are needed to optimize the targeted treatment of axSpA and to identify potential predictive factors of ID. <h3>References</h3> Smolen JS, et al. Treating spondyloarthritis, including ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis, to target: recommendations of an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:6–16. Machado P, et al. Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score (ASDAS): defining cut-off values for disease activity states and improvement scores. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70:47–53. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Fistula from an internal iliac artery aneurysm to the sigmoid colon after endovascular arterial repair
Authors: Akira Goto, Ishimine Yu, Takafumi Naito, Takashi Yabana, Takeya Adachi, Yoshihiro Kondo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

An 82-year-old patient presented with a history of fever for 2 weeks and occasional rectal bleeding. He had undergone endovascular repair of a left internal iliac artery aneurysm (IIAA) 3 years previously ([Fig. 1]); distal occlusion of the IIAA with coil embolization and proximal occlusion using an aorto–external iliac artery stent graft achieved successful exclusion of the IIAA ([Fig. 2]). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed an IIAA (diameter, 6 cm) without obvious enhancement but with massive air in the aneurysm ([Fig. 3]). Colonoscopy revealed an ulcer (diameter, 3 cm) with a base covered with feces, approximately 20 cm from the anal verge ([Fig. 4]). Gastrografin enema indicated a fistula from the sigmoid colon to the IIAA ([Fig. 5]). The patient underwent colostomy, resulting in relief of symptoms including fever and rectal bleeding, and rapid decrease in the size of the IIAA, which finally disappeared.
Abstract 5235: Uncovering tumor-host molecular and cellular interactions involved in tumor dormancy using microRNAs
Authors: Galia Tiram, Ehud Segal, Roni Sherberk, Gal Bachar, Paula Ofek, Taturo Udagawa, Liat Edry, Noam Shomron, Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract There is an increasing interest in elucidating the mechanisms of the earlier stages in tumor progression, the point at which a dormant tumor acquires the ability to grow and metastasize. Although the tumor dormancy phenomenon has important implications for early detection and treatment of cancer, its biology and genetic characteristics are poorly understood. microRNAs (miRs), small non-coding RNA molecules which regulate gene expression at the post transcriptional level, are emerging as key regulators in physiological and pathological processes, including tumorigenesis. We hypothesized that specific miRs may also play a key role in the regulation of tumor dormancy and the angiogenic switch. We therefore established a pair of cell lines that generate dormant avascular and fast-growing angiogenic osteosarcomas in SCID mice (Saos-2-D and Saos-2-E respectively). Although these cells share similar growth rate in vitro, when inoculated into mice, Saos-2-E cells establish vascularized and palpable tumors within one month, while Saos-2-D cells remain avascular and non-palpable for a year. Following our hypothesis, miR array of Saos-2-D and Saos-2-E cells, was performed. Several miRs that were differentially-expressed in the dormant versus fast-growing-tumor-forming cells were selected for further evaluation. Out of those miRs, miR200c and miR93 (representing either a mild or a substantial difference in the expression profile respectively) reverted cells forming fast-growing tumors to a dormant non-angiogenic phenotype, both in vitro and in vivo. Preliminary in vitro analysis of human brain, breast and prostate cancer cell lines revealed a similar phenotypic effect following overexpression of those miRs. We therefore propose that miR200c and miR93 play a role in the switch from dormancy. Further analysis on the target genes of those miRs is required in order to fully elucidate their role in tumor dormancy. Uncovering new molecular targets involved in the tumor dormancy phenomenon could provide important tools for novel dormancy-directed tumor therapy strategies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5235. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5235
P08.06 * CEREBRAL DURAL METASTASES MIMICKING MENINGIOMAS. DIAGNOSTIC AND SURGICAL FEATURES
Authors: M. Caffo, V. Barresi, M. Pino, G. Caruso, F. Tomasello
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Cerebral metastases are the most frequent brain tumors in adults and they are found in 15-30% of patients with a primary tumor. They develop mainly in the brain or cerebellum and less frequently in the meninges. Dural metastases are rare entities and are found in 9% of patients with terminal systemic cancer and in about 5% they represent the only intra-cranial manifestation. However their real incidence is unknown because of the lack of significant numerical series. Clinical presentation with dural-based metastasis mimicking meningioma is very rare and described mostly as case reports from diverse primary locations. The most common primary sites in surgically resected dural metastases have been found to be breast and prostate, but may also be from a primary melanoma, sarcoma, or lymphoma. These often presented as single, cranial and subdural lesions. They can present dural tail sign and often are dural-based or intra-parenchymal. The determination of extra-axial origin of a tumor has a considerable clinical implication. The location of the lesion affects treatment planning and it is predictive for prognosis. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can show a well defined, lobulated, extra-axial, contrast enhancing lesion. Previously, dural tail sign was reported to be specific for meningiomas, but may be associated with other dural-based lesions. Furthermore, their macroscopic appearance during surgery may even be taken for a meningioma. Because of the prognostic relevance in discriminating both tumors, the definitive diagnosis relies on the histopathological findings. Nowadays MR spectroscopy (MRs) can aid in the differential diagnosis. We report ten cases of dural metastasis from different neoplasms, which on both preoperative CT and MRI and at surgery had the typical appearance of a meningioma. Aim of our study was to investigate the neuroradiological findings and neuropathological aspects of these lesions in order to facilitate the differential diagnosis between meningiomas and other neoplasms. The neuroradiological data were compared with intra-operative characteristics and histological and specific immunohistochemical markers. In our patients the neuroradiological diagnosis of meningiomas was not confirmed by histology. MRs provided interesting complementary data, able to increase the specificity of the neuroradiological diagnosis but in many cases was unconvincing. It is certainly mandatory to resect these lesions, often they have a clear interfaces, much like a meningioma, which allows what appears to be a gross total excision. We still plan to obtain an intra-operative pathologic confirmation for suspected lesions that involve the dura. We also would like to emphasize the precise role of pre-operative diagnosis, which in many cases may be a challenge, to avoid the delay in surgery, with consequent deleterious impact on patient care.
In Vitro Lymphocyte Response of Patients with Immunologic Deficiency Diseases
Authors: Ross E. Rocklin, Fred S. Rosen, John R. David
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Patients with congenital thymic aplasia are unable to manifest delayed hypersensitivity in vivo and in vitro, but usually possess normal levels of immunoglobulins. Patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, however, exhibit normal delayed hypersensitivity in vivo, but in vitro studies of lymphocyte transformation have been conflicting. An assay of macrophage migration inhibitory factor, shown to correlate with in vivo delayed hypersensitivity in the guinea pig, has recently been adapted for use in man. This assay shows that lymphocytes from agammaglobulinemic patients with normal delayed hypersensitivity respond to specific antigenic challenge by the production of migration inhibitory factor. However, lymphocytes from patients who fail to manifest delayed hypersensitivity in vivo fail to produce this factor in response to antigenic challenge in vitro. Furthermore, lymphocytes from a patient with congenital thymic aplasia produced the factor after a thymic transplant.
Abstract 3277: Increased mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MEK4) induces metastasis in an orthotopic murine model of prostate cancer
Authors: Janet M. Pavese, Irene Ogden, Xiaoke Huang, Raymond Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MEK4) is a dual-specificity kinase that has been implicated in prostate cancer (PCa) progression. Increased MEK4 expression is observed in invasive cancer lesions in human prostate tissue. We have demonstrated the clinical importance of this in vitro, as MEK4 increases human PCa invasion. This phenotype is driven by increased protease production, and not via changes in cell migration. However, it is not known whether MEK4 regulates human PCa metastasis. This is of high importance as MEK4 has shown differential effects in various cancer models in a cell type specific fashion, and may therefore represent an important human PCa specific target. To emulate the situation of sustained altered MEK4 expression in humans, we engineered MEK4 clonal variant cell lines, generating multiple clones each for vector control (VC), increased wild type (WT), and increased constitutively-active mutant MEK4 (CA). Using a murine orthotopic implantation model designed to characterize in vivo behavior, we implanted 75 mice with these clones and demonstrated that both WT and CA MEK4 increase human PCa metastasis to the lung, a clinically relevant site in humans. In the primary tumor, interestingly, WT tumors were not increased compared to VC, while CA tumors were. Additionally, increased MMP-2 and MMP-10 were observed in both WT and CA tumors. However, MMP-9 was increased in WT tumors only, and MMP-13 in CA tumors only. Currently, we are expanding our efforts at characterizing additional molecular changes in primary tumor between these groups. Outside of the primary tumor, we isolated circulating tumor cells in the blood and bone marrow. We are currently characterizing their relevant cellular and molecular parameters. Using a clinically relevant murine model we have shown that increased MEK4 increases human PCa metastasis to the lung and protease production within the primary tumor. Further, a constitutively active phenotype drives tumor growth and circulating tumor cell formation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3277. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3277
OC-062 Low Incidence of Aspiration Events during Home Nasogastric Feeding: A Safe Strategy for Long Term Feeding?
Authors: O Mohamed, C Stapely, H Gunston, L Gregory, L Smith, S Rogers, J Clark, J Pratt, T M Trebble, D S Pearl
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Nasogastric (NG) pump feeding is associated with risks of aspiration and subsequent pneumonia with previous studies in adult inpatients suggesting 2.4 aspiration episodes per 1000 tube-feeding days. However, there is little published data on outcomes of patients receiving home NG feeding. We analysed our long term home NG feeding cohort for evidence of aspiration related hospital admission. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a retrospective service evaluation of the home enteral tube feeding cohort at Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust. Data was obtained from hospital electronic databases, patient clinical notes and PAS patient management software. Data was analysed in SPSS 20. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 117 patients who had received home NG feeding over previous 5 years were evaluated. 30 patients (26%) were excluded due to incomplete datasets. 87 patients were recruited (Male [48%], Female [52%], age [mean 55.6; 95% confidence interval 51.8–59.2]) with a total of 12957 tube-feeding days (mean 150; 95% confidence interval 110–191 days). Indications include upper aerodigestive tract cancer, 32; malnutrition, 25; neurodegenerative disorders, 6; connective tissue disorders, 2; stroke, 1; lymphoma, 1; metabolic stabilisation of short bowel and or high output stoma, 16. Eight hospital admissions in separate patients were recorded; however, only 1 episode of pneumonia was recorded (0.08 aspiration episodes per 1000 tube-feeding days). There were no hospital admissions relating to misplaced/displaced NG tubes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Home NG pump feeding represents a safe long-term alternative to gastrostomy feeding when supported by a robust specialist enteral tube feeding support service (ETFSS), in those deemed unsuitable for gastrostomy placement. A 30-fold lower incidence of aspiration episodes compared with published inpatient literature (0.08 vs. 2.4 episodes/1000 tube feeding days) reflects expertise of clinical nutrition nurse specialists within the ETFSS, with appropriate patient selection and outreach management. A daytime walk in service prevents unplanned hospital admissions through tube displacement. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Management of Advanced Germ Cell Cancer in Patients With Unfavorable Prognosis
Authors: Kim Margolin
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2005)

Advanced germ cell cancer can be cured in most patients using chemotherapy with or without surgery. A small fraction of patients with nonseminomatous tumors (NSGCT) and an even smaller percentage of seminoma patients are destined to have a less favorable outcome, due to an inadequate response to first-line chemotherapy (failure to achieve remission, finding of residual viable carcinoma at post-chemotherapy surgery, or relapse after achieving a remission). Despite the apparent salvage potential for regimens containing ifosfamide or paclitaxel, no proof exists that such combinations are superior to the standard regimen of four cycles of cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin (PEB) in the front-line therapy of patients with advanced NSGCT. Other modifications of first-line therapy, such as the addition of paclitaxel or the use of escalated doses of cisplatin, also have failed to increase the cure rate. The use of single or tandem cycles of high-dose chemotherapy (HDT with autologous hematopoietic cell transplant [aHCT]) in various settings (for selected patients with poor prognostic features before therapy, patients predicted to have a poor outcome based on the rate of serum tumor marker decline while on therapy, and patients in relapse or failure to achieve adequate response to standard therapy) has been evaluated in many phase II and a limited number of phase III trials, which are summarized in this review. Important questions that remain to be answered include the role of new agents and the use of more sophisticated techniques to understand prognostic and predictive factors in selecting therapy for GCT.
SAT0065 Prospective 1-Year Study of Falls and Fractures in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: N. Toroptsova, O. Nikitinskaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have impaired levels of physical activity and postural stability, so we can suggest that they have increased risk of falls. RA-patients also have a higher risk of osteoporosis (OP). OP and falls lead to fractures, which contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of these patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> In prospective study evaluate the frequency of falls and fractures in RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed 1 year prospective observational study of RA patients (n=108 and mean age 62.5±7.1years old) and people without RA (n=92 and mean age 63.3±7.1years old). The participants completed risk factors questionnaire, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and performed Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Disease activity and intensity of pain were assessed in RA patients with DAS28 and VAS. Bone density (BMD) was measured in lumbar spine and proximal hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery A) in all participants. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline visit more RA patients had a history of previous fall during 1 year before the study compared with controls (27% vs 17%, p&gt;0.05). RA patients had atraumatic fractures at younger age than control (55±15 vs 66±20 years old), they were more fearful of falling and had abnormal SPPB test (p&lt;0.05), especially in performing gait speed test and chair stand test (p&lt;0.05), but no difference among 2 groups in performing balance test. RA women complained on insomnia more often than control (p&lt;0.05). RA patients spent time outdoors especially in the winter significantly rarely than control. During the next year 26 (24%) RA patients and 11(12%) persons without RA had at least one fall (p=0.028). No differences among fallers of two groups in age, number of comorbid conditions. Among RA patients fallers did not differ from non-fallers in age, disease duration, use of medications (except glucocorticosteroids), visual acuity. RA fallers had significantly higher DAS28, pain intensity, received higher daily dose of glucocorticosteroids (p=0.04), had less EQ-5D on baseline visit, and more often fell the year before screening. At least in one of measured areas low BMD was found out in 70% RA-fallers, but only 42% of patients received OP treatment. High risk of fractures estimated by FRAX was found in 69% RA-fallers. 7 (27%) RA-fallers had atraumatic fracture during the next year: 86% - were with OP, 57% - had fractures in the past, 71% - FRAX high fracture risk, at the same time only 43% received OP treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA patients had a high risk of falling and fractures, so it is necessary to consider these patients as candidates for earlier treatment and rehabilitation programs to reduce that risk. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Viral Susceptibility and Embryonic Differentiation. III. Correlation Between an Inductive Tissue Interaction and the Onset of Viral Resistance&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Tapani Vainio, Lauri Saxén, Sulo Toivonen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Viral resistance in connection with tubulogenesis was studied. Tubules were induced in metanephrogenic mesenchyme with an artificial inducer (spinal cord), and SE polyoma virus was applied to this system during differentiation in vitro. The distribution of this virus was demonstrated by the immunofluorescence technique. The mesenchyme that was not induced to form tubules synthesized polyoma antigen. Of the mesenchymal cells “left out” of the differentiation process, those enclosing the tubules seemed to support the rapid synthesis of viral protein. The epithelial cells in the tubules were not able to synthesize viral protein at any stage of infection, thus appearing resistant to polyoma virus. It was established from these experiments that the mesenchymal cells which undergo tubulogenesis fail to support the replication of polyoma virus in vitro.
Long-term follow up of limited stage primary testicular lymphoma: Outcome and patterns of relapse after combined-modality treatment
Authors: A. J. Al-Tourah, J. M. Connors, R. D. Gascoyne, P. J. Hoskins, S. E. O'Reilly, T. N. Shenkier, N. J. Voss, R. J. Klasa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6588 Background: To assess the outcome and patterns of relapse in patients (pts) with limited stage primary testicular lymphoma treated with chemotherapy and irradiation. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the outcome and patterns of relapse in pts treated at the BC Cancer Agency for limited stage (IAE or II AE) primary testicular lymphoma. Patients who were consecutively treated from 1980–1995 were selected to reflect a change in treatment policy to combined-modality therapy, consisting of brief CHOP type chemotherapy for 3 cycles followed by total scrotal irradiation. Prophylactic intrathecal chemotherapy was not given. Results: 39 pts were identified, with median age 72 years (42–84). Median follow-up is 70 months (2–161). All pts had diffuse large B cell lymphoma; 15(38%) pts had Ann Arbor stage IAE and 24(62%) pts had stage IIAE. 6 patients had elevated LDH at presentation, but none above 1.2 x upper limit of normal. 33(85%) pts had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1. 27(69%) pts had an IPI score of 1, 8 pts of 2, 1 pt of 3 and 3 younger pts had a IPI score of 0. 5 pts were not treated, 4 were elderly and frail and 1 pt refused recommended treatment. 34 pts received combined-modality therapy. There were 13(38%) relapses, 10 occurring more than 2 yrs past diagnosis(range 2–10yrs). 5 pts relapsed with brain parenchymal lesions, 2 with distant cutaneous sites, 3 in retroperitoneal lymph nodes (RPLN), 1 with paraspinal mass, 1 with contralateral testis and RPLN and 1 with multiple nodal sites. 5-yr and 10-yr disease-specific survival were 75% and 55% respectively. The median disease-free survival and overall survival were 11.5 and 5.8 yrs respectively. Conclusions: Patients with limited stage primary testicular lymphoma who undergo combined-modality treatment are at risk for late relapses at extranodal sites, with particular predilection for skin and brain parenchyma but not leptomeninges. Future study designs will need to address this issue. No significant financial relationships to disclose.