tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1997: Resveratrol modifies the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes in somatic cancer cells
Authors: Md. Asaduzzaman Khan, Han-chun Chen, Xin-xing Wan, Ai-hua Xu, Dian-zheng Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background &amp; Objectives: Resveratrol has been reported as a potent anti-cancer compound, but it's mode of action is not completely understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of resveratrol treatment on the activity and expression of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in three somatic cancer cell lines: PC-3 (prostate cancer), MCF-7 (breast cancer) and HepG2 (hepatocellular cancer). Methods: The cells were treated with different concentration (0-200 μM) of resveratrol for 24, 48 and 72 hours.Cell growth was studied by cell counting; cell homogenate was taken for the measurement of enzyme activities; proteins were isolated for western blotting to measure the genetic expression. Results: Resveratrol showed dose-dependent growth inhibitory activity in all cells. It was significantly effective against PC-3 and HepG2 even in 10 μM, and 25 μM concentration, but not in MCF-7 cells. However 50 μM showed significant growth inhibitory effect in MCF-7, and also in HEK293T (human embryonic kidney cell line as control) cells. 25 μM was identified as most effective dosage against PC-3 and HepG2 cells, without affecting HEK293T cells. Treatment of 25 μM for 48 hours increased the activity of SOD enzymes by 3-4 folds in PC-3; 2-3 folds in HepG2; 1.5-1.8 folds in MCF-7; and 1.2-1.5 folds in HEK293T cells. Resveratrol treatment also significantly increased the activity of CAT in HepG2, moderately in MCF-7, but non-significantly in PC-3 and HEK293T cells. However, the treatment of resveratrol showed no significant change in GPX activity in any cell line. Western blotting also revealed the increased expression of SOD2 in PC-3, and HepG2 cells at 25 μM resveratrol treatment. CAT expression was moderate, but no change in GPX1 expression was found in the tested cancer cells. Conclusions: The results of this study could confirm the dose dependent growth inhibitory potential of resveratrol; however, the dose of resveratrol in treatment of the cancer cells should be limited, as higher dose (Δ50 μM) has also been found dangerous for normal cells (HEK293T). Resveratrol at low dose (25 μM) potentially increases the activity and expression of SOD enzyme in cancer cells while inhibiting cell growth. Moderate increase of CAT activity and expression is also observed, but no significant change in GPX activity and expression in cell lines used in this study. These findings may contribute to understanding the mechanisms of resveratrol action in treatment of cancer. The work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2011CB910700-704) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1997. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1997
UK food poverty could contravene UN human rights
Authors: L. Eaton> <body
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The wellbeing of children in the United Kingdom may gradually be improving overall, but the gap between those who are better off and those who are poor is widening, reports a study from Save the Children.

While some measures of deprivation and ill health, such as child poverty, infant mortality, teenage conception rates, and youth suicide rates, are falling, others have risen. Obesity, the number of children not being immunised, and the incidence of diabetes, asthma, and sexually transmitted diseases have all risen, warns the report's editor, Jonathan Bradshaw, professor of social policy at York …
Soundings: A passing age
Authors: Kevin Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The generation that I think I most respect is dying out. Throughout my career I have listened to the stories of old people who lived through extraordinary times. They were touched by a kind of insouciant nobility of the kind caught only on the edge of reluctant sentences. The man, put ashore from the Hood with appendicitis, still guilty about being an accidental survivor. The code breakers and spies who kept their secrets all their lives merely because they had said they would do so. Their memories are being lost and it is like unique wine being poured down a drain. I feel that, though I cup my hands, their memories flow through my fingers and away.

The stories come rarely. In a distant voice they recall a momentary event, neglected for decades, a moment pivotal and poignant. It is the place given up in the lifeboat, the moment of weakness never forgiven, the sacrifice of another, the serendipity of loss. These stories are the more valuable because they do not come from our own, sometimes irritatingly confessional generation. Rather they are admissions from private people that sometimes the certainties of life shatter.

I feel the same about the experiences of older colleagues. My retired senior partner remembering the November funeral of a young pregnant woman with leukaemia: grey skies over the steep village graveyard—“like something out of Hardy,” he comments. And the stories—too legion to remember—some surely touched up for the apocrypha but often laced with an absurdity that ensures their truth. The philanderer, interrupted by death in flagrante with his mistress, carried to his own bed before the coroner was called. These are echoes of a less strident and more forgiving age.

Occasionally I have subsequently read or heard the full story behind the fragment glimpsed years ago during a consultation. And now that story, those memories, are part of my life too. It is odd how, in this profession, we pass almost unseen through so many people's lives and memories.

Everywhere in medicine you see these brief, bright moments of other people's lives. But they are transient, like bubbles blown from a children's toy evaporating on the grass. They were our parents' generation. They lived in a world more fragmented and uncertain than most of us can imagine. Soon they will be gone.
Respiratory Distress Associated with Zanamivir
Authors: John C. Williamson, P. Samuel Pegram
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The Relation between Somatic Symptoms and DepressionTo the Editor: The international study of somatization and depression reported by Simon et al. (Oct.28 issue) 1 raises issues that are pertinent to the practice of cross-cultural medicine in the United States.By demonstrating the similarities between cultures with respect to somatic symptoms and depression, the study suggests that these clinical manifestations cross both cultural and international boundaries and are in essence basic to the human condition.However, what if the study by Simon et al. had shown more consistent, significant international differences in somatic symptoms of depression?Would these findings influence our clinical decision making?Would we tend to treat immigrants from certain countries as "somatizers" whose symptoms had little physical basis?Studies that compare cultural attitudes and behavior may lead to a false sense of knowledge about cultures and should be applied with great caution in the clinical setting. 2 Many efforts to teach doctors in training about the importance of culture in medicine have taken a categorical approach, emphasizing certain characteristics that are deemed important in the care of patients of particular cultural backgrounds. 3 Although some of this information may be helpful (e.g., the incidence and prevalence of disease, specific traditions and customs, and historical perspectives), other information may lead to oversimplification and stereotyping, especially in regard to attitudes and beliefs. 3 Rather than assume that patients from certain cultures act in predetermined ways (e.g., manifest depression by somatization), it is more helpful to learn how to recognize and manage the sociocultural influences on each person's health-related be-liefs and behavior.When one works with diverse populations, issues related to communication, mistrust, the role of the family, the perceived role of the physician, the social context (socioeconomic status, immigration experience, and so forth), and the conceptualization of illness, among others, should be addressed and understood in the case of each patient.
IMMATURE PLATELET COUNT OR IMMATURE PLATELET FRACTION AS OPTIMAL PREDICTOR OF ANTIPLATELET RESPONSE TO THIENOPYRIDINE THERAPY
Authors: Christian Stratz, Michael Amann, Christian Valina, Thomas Nuehrenberg, Dietmar Trenk, F.J. Neumann, Willibald Hochholzer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Angiogenesis Research Yields New Approaches to Cancer Treatment and Prognosis
Authors: Natalie S. Larsen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Angiogenesis Research Yields New Approaches to Cancer Treatment and Prognosis Get access Natalie S. Larsen Natalie S. Larsen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 20, 20 October 1993, Pages 1629–1630, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.20.1629 Published: 20 October 1993
PWE-016 Pelvic Radiation Disease – A Comparison Of Reported Symptoms In Oncology And Gastroenterology Clinics: Abstract PWE-016 Table 1
Authors: R Stacey, L Abraham, J Turner, J Green
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pelvic radiation disease and consequences of cancer treatment are common. Improved cancer survivorship has increased awareness of these problems but it remains under diagnosed, under investigated and under recognised by physicians. Gastrointestinal side effects are common post pelvic radiotherapy and can have significant impact on a patients quality of life. PRD ranges in severity, from mild self limiting disease through to significant and debilitating symptoms with high morbidity. We assessed the late GI side effect symptoms reported to doctors at oncology clinics and compared them to the symptoms reported to doctors at GI clinic (where the most severe cases are investigated) at our centre. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients (n = 295) referred to Velindre NHS Trust with gynaecological, colorectal or urological malignancy between 1st Jan and 30th June 2008 were identified through a pelvic radiotherapy database. Patients who had received radiotherapy and/or brachytherapy as radical or adjuvant treatment were included. Patients treated initially with palliative intent and patients treated for recurrent disease were excluded. Patients referred to GI clinic at University Hospital Llandough or the via direct access endoscopy service with suspected PRD are entered on a local database. We identified all patients referred prior to 2013 (n = 34). In both groups we recorded the presenting GI symptoms and the original malignancy and treatment plan. <h3>Results</h3> 30.8% of patients seen in oncology clinic experienced late GI side effects post pelvic radiotherapy. Only a small proportion of these were referred to clinic. Of those referred, rectal bleeding and diarrhoea were the predominant symptoms, along with abdominal pain and bloating. Several patients had multiple symptoms. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Late GI side effects of pelvic radiotherapy are common, but the number seen in GI clinic are small. PRD varies in severity, but is under referred by oncologists and primary care practitioners, is poorly recognised by Gastroenterologists and often under investigated. Treatment for consequences of cancer therapy exists, and with increased cancer survivorship, focus should be on minimising symptoms, allowing patients to live after cancer, and not merely survive. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
AB0646 Intra-articular level of c-reactive protein in diagnosis of prosthetic knee infection
Authors: C. Ronde-Oustau, M. Antoni, J. Gaudias, C. Boeri, J. Sibilia, J.-Y. Jenny
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Periprosthetic joint infection is a rare but potentially serious complication. In 2012, Parvizi et al. suggested intra-articular C-reactive protein (CRP) could be used as a diagnosis marker of periprosthetic joint infection, with a threshold of 9.5mg/L<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study was to analyse variations of CRP in synovial fluid between patients with native or prosthetic knee and find a threshold predictive of prosthetic knee infection. <h3>Methods</h3> From February to August 2012, 31 patients were included in our study: 10 patients with effusion in their native joint, 11 with aseptic effusion on prosthetic knee, 10 patients with a prosthetic knee infection according to the 2011 Muskuloskeletal Society criteria. All cases underwent joint aspiration. Intra-articular CRP level was determined by nephelometry and compared to seric CRP. <h3>Results</h3> Intra-articular CRP level was increased in patients with prosthetic knee infection compared to patients without prosthesis or aseptic prosthesis (respectively 24.4mg/L, 1.91 mg/L, 3.69mg/L; p=0.012, p&lt;0.001). We used ROC curves using intra-articular CRP level from both prosthetic groups. A threshold of 2.78 mg/L might define a possible infection (sensibility 100%, specificity 81.82%), a threshold of 5.37 mg/L might define a probable infection (sensibility 90%, specificity 90.91%). Area under curve were not different for intra-articular CRP level (0.90) and seric CRP level (0.98). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study showed that intra-articular CRP level could be a useful marker of prosthetic knee infection. The exact usefulness of this marker for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection needs to be more precisely evaluated on a larger cohort. <h3>References</h3> Parvizi J, McKenzie JC, Cashman JP. <i>J Arthroplasty</i>. 2012 Sep;27(8 Suppl):12-6 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Mood by microbe: towards clinical translation
Authors: Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

There is a growing realization that the gut-brain axis plays a key role in maintaining brain health and the stress response. Recently, the gut microbiota has emerged as a master regulator of this axis. Thus, opportunities to exploit the microbiome to treat stress-related psychiatric disorders are materializing. Clinical validation of such strategies is now warranted.
CARDIAC MICRORNA EXPRESSION AND RELEASE ARE REGULATED DURING EARLY REPERFUSION IN AN ISOLATED RAT HEART MODEL OF DONATION AFTER CIRCULATORY DEATH
Authors: Stéphanie Lecaudé, Albert Dashi, Samuel Buntschu, Maris Bartkevics, Veronika Mathys, Emilie Farine, Petra Niederberger, Thierry P. Carrel, Sarah L. Longnus, Hendrik T. Tevaearai Stahel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
THE RISK OF ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOMES AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY IN PATIENTS WITH MORBID OBESITY WITH AND WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Ahmed Dalmar, Maharaj Singh, Zoe Heis, Michael N. Katzoff, Thomas Chua, A. Jamil Tajik, Arshad Jahangir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
A simple, sensitive and non-destructive technique for characterizing bovine dental enamel erosion: attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
Authors: In-Hye Kim, Jun Sik Son, Bong Ki Min, Young Kyoung Kim, Kyo-Han Kim, Tae-Yub Kwon
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2016)

Although many techniques are available to assess enamel erosion in vitro, a simple, non-destructive method with sufficient sensitivity for quantifying dental erosion is required. This study characterized the bovine dental enamel erosion induced by various acidic beverages in vitro using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. Deionized water (control) and 10 acidic beverages were selected to study erosion, and the pH and neutralizable acidity were measured. Bovine anterior teeth (110) were polished with up to 1 200-grit silicon carbide paper to produce flat enamel surfaces, which were then immersed in 20 mL of the beverages for 30 min at 37 °C. The degree of erosion was evaluated using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and Vickers’ microhardness measurements. The spectra obtained were interpreted in two ways that focused on the ν1, ν3 phosphate contour: the ratio of the height amplitude of ν3 PO4 to that of ν1 PO4 (Method 1) and the shift of the ν3 PO4 peak to a higher wavenumber (Method 2). The percentage changes in microhardness after the erosion treatments were primarily affected by the pH of the immersion media. Regression analyses revealed highly significant correlations between the surface hardness change and the degree of erosion, as detected by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy (P<0.001). Method 1 was the most sensitive to these changes, followed by surface hardness change measurements and Method 2. This study suggests that ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is potentially advantageous over the microhardness test as a simple, non-destructive, sensitive technique for the quantification of enamel erosion. A sensitive spectroscopy technique could provide a simple, non-invasive way of measuring the extent of dental enamel erosion. Tooth enamel is prone to softening and erosion caused by consuming acidic foods and drinks, and a highly sensitive and non-destructive way of measuring the resulting damage is needed. Tae-Yub Kwon at Kyungpook National University and co-workers across South Korea compared an existing enamel microhardness test (Vickers) with a technique called attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, or ATR-FTIR, capable of revealing microscopic changes on a molecular level. The team immersed cattle teeth in ten different acidic drinks, and interpreted the resulting ATR-FTIR spectra. Their method proved more sensitive than the Vickers test, giving detailed insights into surface hardness and erosion. Crucially, using ATR-FTIR would allow scientists to monitor enamel changes repeatedly in the same teeth over time.
The Reversibility of Cardiac Neuronal Function After Removal of a Pheochromocytoma
Authors: DENIS AGOSTINI, YVES DARLAS, JEAN EMMANUEL FILMONT, FRANÇOISE DRONNE, GÉRARD BABATASI, GILLES GROLLIER, JEAN CLAUDE POTIER, GÉRARD BOUVARD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Purpose: Twelve patients with proved pheochromocytoma evaluated in our institution between 1991 and 1997 are described. Methods: The patients' urinary excretion rates and their metabolites (vanylmandelic acid and metanephrines) were significantly greater than normal before surgery. Echocardiography showed normal left ventricular ejection fractions (72% ± 8%). All of the patients underwent planar I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy to assess cardiac neuronal uptake 4 hours after and locate a pheochromocytoma 24 hours after intravenous injection of 185 MBq (3 mCi) I-231 MIBG. Ten patients with pheochromocytoma had positive tumoral findings with I-123 MIBG scintigraphyh. Twelve patients had significant impairment of cardiac neuronal uptake of MIBG, with a heart:mediastinum ratio averaging 142% ± 18% (normal value, 230% ± 30%, P < 0.05). Postoperative cardiac MIBG imaging was performed in all patients (at 6 ± 3 months). Results: After surgical removal of the pheochromocytoma, cardiac MIBG uptake and the heart:mediastinum uptake ratios improved significantly (197% ± 20%, P < 0.05) in all the patients. Urinary excretion rates and metabolites returned to the normal range. However, no significant correlation was found between cardiac MIBG uptake and urinary excretion rates and metabolites after the tumors were removed. Conclusion: Removing a pheochromocytoma reversed cardiac neuronal function as assessed by MIBG scintigraphy.
AB1420-HPR Rheumatology nursing: An italian experience of e-learning
Authors: A. Moretti, A. Rossi, M. Gutierrez, W. Grassi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatology nursing management is a relevant strategic challenge. The recent "EULAR recommendations for the role of the nurse in the management of chronic inflammatory arthritis" indicate specific goals for a wide range of interventions. Thus, an effective educational agenda is urgently needed to support the access to high quality education for nurses. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the response of nurses a web-based e-learning programme. <h3>Methods</h3> AIR (Assistenza Infermieristica Reumatologica) is an educational website that was created in November 2009 (www.aircommunity.it). It represents the first experience in Italy of a teaching website specifically oriented to rheumatology nurses. The main goal of AIR is to provide useful information on several knowledge domains including the ABC of the rheumatic diseases, counseling, patient education, and risk management. From the November 2011 AIR website also includes an e-learning platform that permits to obtain certified learning credits by a <i>"problem solving"</i> approach. Eight clinical cases highly representative of daily rheumatological practice are included in the project (three cases have already been published). Each case description includes 16 specific questions focused on various clinical nursing problems. To obtain learning credits, all the questions had to be answered. <h3>Results</h3> The visitors' number of the website increased from 200 (November 2009) to 13225 (January 2012). The registered users are currently 1450. In spite the website is in Italian, a total of 11.775 pages have been visited by navigators from other European countries and 3.893 navigators from United States. In three months a total of 1019 nurses were involved in the e-learning platform of clinical cases. 628 nurses out of 871 passed the test assessment of the first case; 500 out of 606 nurses passed the test assessment of the second case whereas 352 out of 420 nurses passed the test assessment of the third case. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of our preliminary e-learning experience focused on rheumatology nursing are encouraging. The fast increase of visitors over the last three months indicates a strong interest by nurses to the <i>"problem solving"</i> approach. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Tips for a Physician in Getting the Right Job, Part XVII
Authors: Jay Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The applicant should inquire about the follow-up after an interview, including the timeline for decision making, whether there will be a second interview, and how future communication will be made. Thank-you notes from the interviewee should be sent out immediately after the interview, not only as a courtesy, but also to include additional comments about why the candidate is an excellent fit for the job. The job seeker should also reflect carefully on what he/she did right or wrong during the interview and about what was learned about the job.
Cultural evolution and prosociality: Widening the hypothesis space
Authors: Bryce Huebner, Hagop Sarkissian
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Norenzayan et al. suggest that Big Gods can be replaced by Big Governments. We examine forms of social and self-monitoring and ritual practice that emerged in Classical China, heterarchical societies like those that emerged in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica, and the contemporary Zapatista movement of Chiapas, and we recommend widening the hypothesis space to include these alternative forms of social organization.
Long-Term Safety and Effectiveness of Iron-Chelation Therapy with Deferiprone for Thalassemia Major
Authors: N F Olivieri, G M Brittenham, C E McLaren, D M Templeton, R G Cameron, R A McClelland, A D Burt, K A Fleming
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Deferiprone is an orally active iron-chelation agent that is being evaluated as a treatment for iron overload in thalassemia major. Studies in an animal model showed that prolonged treatment is associated with a decline in the effectiveness of deferiprone and exacerbation of hepatic fibrosis.