tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inflammatory breast cancer: Mixed viral infections within carcinoma tissues and the expression of Ki-67 proliferation marker.
Authors: Hossam taha Mohamed, Hadeer Hesham Abdel Fattah, Mohamed El-Shinawi, Sherif Abdelaziz Ibrahim, Medhat S. El-Halawany, Hesham El Ghazaly, Robert Schneider, Mona Mohamed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22238 Background: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most lethal form of breast cancer. Our previous results showed that IBC carcinoma tissues possess mixed human cytomegalovirus genotypes than non-IBC carcinoma tissues. However, the role of viral infection in breast cancer is poorly understood. Methods: We enrolled 135 women diagnosed breast cancer (91 Non-IBC and 44 IBC). The incidence of different viral DNA (Herpes viruses and HPV) was performed using nested and multiplex PCR and DNA sequencing. The expression of Ki-67 proliferation index was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: DNA of HCMV and HPV-16 were the most detected in breast tissues of both IBC and non-IBC patients. However, as a single infection the incidence of HCMV-DNA and HHV-8 DNA were significantly higher in carcinoma tissues of IBC in comparison with non-IBC (p = 0.035, p= 0.039, respectively). Moreover, the prevalence of mixed infection of different viral DNA was higher in IBC than non-IBC carcinoma tissues (P= 0.003). HCMV and HPV-16 were the dominant mixed infection in both non-IBC and IBC tissues. Interestingly, although no significant difference in expression of Ki67 has been detected in tissues of IBC and non-IBC, we found that Ki-67 was significantly higher in mixed than single viral infected tissues of both non-IBC and IBC (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03 respectively). Conclusions: The incidence of mixed viral DNA detected in carcinoma tissues of IBC is higher than non-IBC. Moreover, mixed viral DNA is positively correlated with upregulation of Ki67 expression in breast carcinoma tissues.
Vaginal Bleeding in Pregnancy
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Second TrimesterDuring this trimester accidents of pregnancy are so uncommon that patients can usually be allowed any liberty consistent with good health in general. Those who have bled in the earlier weeks should, of course, continue the original regimen, but the probabilities in diagnosis now change. In the assessment of the few who do bleed the most important criteria are the rate of uterine enlargement and the condition of the cervix — that is, its competence.When the bleeding uterus grows too slowly or grows smaller missed abortion is a great likelihood but does not call for intervention unless . . .
구연 : B형 간염 표면항원 (HBsAg) 자연소실 전후의 반복 복강경과 조직학적 변화
Authors: 안상훈, 이중민, 박영년, 박준용, 장혜영, 한광협, 문영명, 전재윤
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2003)

배경/목적: B형 간염 바이러스(HBV) 표면항원(HBsAg)의 자연소실은 HBV 감염으로부터의 완전관해라고 생각되었었으나 최근에 분자생물학적 진단법의 발달로 인하여 적은양이지만 HBV DNA가 간을 비롯한 체내에 존재한다는 것이 확인 되었다. 아직까지 HBsAg의 자연적 소실 전후의 간조직학적 변화와 임상적 의의에 대한 보고는 없기에 본 연자 등은 반복 복강경 검사를 통해 이를 분석하였다. 대상과 방법: 2001년 10월부터 2002년 10월까지 병원에 내원한 만성 HBV 보유자 중 HBsAg이 소실된 경우로 소실 전에 복강경 검사를 시행 받았던 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 환자들은 첫 복강경 검사이후 지속적 HBeAg의 소실과 간수치의 정상화를 보여 바이러스의 비증식기 상태로 판단되었다. HBsAg 소실이 확인된 상기환자에게 반복 복강경 검사를 시행 하였고 PCR법을 이용하여 간조직내 HBV DNA 존재를 확인하였다. 결과: 대상 환자는 총 15예 (남:10예, 여:5예)로 평균 연령은 36±8세 (23-51세)였다. 첫 복강경 후 추적관찰 중 10예에서는 anti-HBe가, 6예에서는 anti-HBs가 발생하였다. HBsAg소실 후 빌리루빈, AST, ALT, 알부민은 소실 전에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였다. PCR법에 의해 15예 모두에서 간조직내 HBV DNA를 확인할 수 있었다. 대부분의 경우에서 첫 복강경 직후 HBeAg의 자연 소실을 동반하였고 평균 75.7개월이 지난후, HBsAg소실 후는 평균 10.5개월 후 반복 복강경을 시행 받았다. 반복 복강경 검사의 조직검사 소견상 소엽내 간염 활성은 미미하지만 여전히 남아있으며 문맥/문맥 주변부 간염 활성은 거의 없어졌다. 섬유화 진행 정도에서는 4예에서 악화, 9예에서 무변화, 2예에서 호전으로 다양하였다. 복강경 소견은 조직학적 소견과 상관관계를 보였으나 복부 초음파는 그렇지 못했다. 결론: HBsAg의 자연 소실은 섬유화의 가역적 변화 뿐만 아니라 지속적인 비가역적 변화도 보여 주었고 이는 간조직내 잔존하는 HBV DNA 등의 다른 요인들이 관여할 것으로 생각된다.
MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL: ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1931-2
Authors: Arthur W. Frisch, Martin Blank
Journal: BMJ (1933)

Abstract : ;Contents: Cancer research; Immunology and cell biology; Reproduction and endocrinology; Genetics; Gastroenterology; Renal disease; Cardiovascular disease; Nutrition; Prosthetics; Occupational medicine; Epidemiology and social medicine; Neurology; Psychiatry and psychology.
New inhibitors of osteolysis: implications for hypercalcemia and bone metastases.
Authors: R P Warrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.8.1160 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3016204 New inhibitors of osteolysis: implications for hypercalcemia and bone metastases. R P Warrell JrxR P Warrell JrSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.8.1160 PDF "New inhibitors of osteolysis: implications for hypercalcemia and bone metastases.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 4(8), pp. 1160–1161© 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The Vermont longitudinal study of persons with severe mental illness, I: Methodology, study sample, and overall status 32 years later
Authors: C M Harding, G W Brooks, T Ashikaga, J S Strauss, A Breier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors report the latest findings from a 32-year longitudinal study of 269 back-ward patients from Vermont State Hospital. This intact cohort participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program and was released to the community in a planned deinstitutionalization effort during the mid-1950s. At their 10-year follow-up mark, 70% of these patients remained out of the hospital but many were socially isolated and many were recidivists. Twenty to 25 years after their index release, 262 of these subjects were blindly assessed with structured and reliable protocols. One-half to two-thirds of them had achieved considerable improvement or recovery, which corroborates recent findings from Europe and elsewhere.
Overall survival (OS) in patients (pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring common (Del19/L858R) epidermal growth factor receptor mutations (EGFR mut): Pooled analysis of two large open-label phase III studies (LUX-Lung 3 [LL3] and LUX-Lung 6 [LL6]) comparing afatinib with chemotherapy (CT).
Authors: James Chih-Hsin Yang, Lecia V. Sequist, Martin H. Schuler, Tony Mok, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kenneth John O'Byrne, Vera Hirsh, Sarayut Lucien Geater, Caicun Zhou, Dan Massey, Victoria Zazulina, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

8004^ Background: Afatinib (A) is an oral, irreversible ErbB family blocker of EGFR, HER2, ErbB3 and ErbB4 signalling. LL3 compared A with cisplatin/pemetrexed in 345 pts recruited globally and LL6 compared A with gemcitabine/cisplatin in 364 Asian pts. The primary analysis (2012) showed improved progression-free survival (PFS) with A versus CT in the overall EGFR mut positive population (HR=0.58 [LL3], HR=0.28 [LL6]) and pts with common (Del19/L858R) EGFR mut (HR=0.47 [LL3], HR=0.25 [LL6]). The FDA has approved A for the first-line treatment of pts with advanced NSCLC harboring common EGFR mut. Here we present a pooled analysis of mature OS data among such pts. Methods: Treatment-naïve pts with EGFR mut stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were randomized 2:1 to 40 mg A or up to 6 cycles of standard CT and stratified by EGFR mut and race (LL3). The primary endpoint was PFS, with OS as a key secondary endpoint. Adverse events were also recorded. Results: The pooled analysis included 631/709 pts randomized into LL3 and LL6 with common EGFR mut (Del19=355, L858R=276); 419 pts received A and 212 received CT. At the time of analysis (January 2014), 404 (64%) pts had died. Median follow-up for OS was 36.5 months. Following progression, 78% of pts received subsequent systemic therapies (median of 3 regimens); 68% in the CT group received EGFR TKIs and 70% in the A group received CT. OS was significantly improved with A versus CT (median 27.3 vs 24.3 months, HR=0.81 [CI 0.66, 0.99; p=0.037]). Individual HRs for OS in LL3 and LL6 were consistent with the pooled analysis. Among Del19 pts the HR=0.59 (CI 0.45, 0.77; p<0.001) and in L858R pts the HR=1.25 (CI 0.92, 1.71; p=0.160). Updated PFS and safety findings were consistent with earlier primary reports. Conclusions: This pooled analysis reveals that first-line A significantly improves OS in pts with advanced NSCLC harboring common EGFR mut (Del19/L858R) compared with CT. This is the first analysis to show that genotype-directed therapy for EGFR mut pts can improve survival. Clinical trial information: NCT00949650, NCT01121393.
Sympathetic mechanisms in heart failure, pathophysiological and pharmacological implications
Authors: D. W. Ferguson
Journal: Circulation (1993)

A pathophysiological hallmark of heart failure is neurohumoral excitation. Recent studies demonstrate that this excitation precedes the clinical appearance of heart failure, and the prognosis of patients with heart failure is related to the magnitude of this neurohormonal activation. A prominent feature of the neuroendocrine activation in heart failure is increased activity of the sympathetic nervous system. Marked increases in central efferent sympathetic neural outflow have recently been demonstrated in resting patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure. The magnitude of thus central sympathoexcitation parallels the degree of cardiac impairment
Brentuximab vedotin (BV) consolidation post-autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) in patients (pts) with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) at risk of residual disease: Number needed to treat (NNT) analysis.
Authors: Ashish Gautam, Dirk Huebner, Yanyan Zhu, Esprit Ma, Shih-Yuan Lee, Erin Zagadailov, Jeremy Teasell, Akshara Richhariya, Vijayveer Bonthapally
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

20 Background: AETHERA (NCT01100502) is a randomized Phase 3 study of BV and best supportive care (BSC) vs placebo (PBO) and BSC in the treatment of pts at risk of residual HL post-ASCT. BV consolidation therapy post-ASCT significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) by independent review vs PBO (HR = 0.57, P = 0.001) and was FDA approved. Most common grade ≥ 3 adverse events were neutropenia (29% BV vs 10% PBO) and peripheral sensory neuropathy (10% vs 1%). The aim of this study was to determine the NNT with BV to avoid 1 additional event, disease progression/death. Methods: The NNT with BV was calculated as the inverse of the absolute risk reduction (ARR); ARR was the PFS event rate per investigator (INV) assessment in the PBO arm minus the event rate in the BV arm of the AETHERA trial. The AETHERA trial recruited pts ≥ 18 yrs at risk of residual HL post-ASCT defined by ≥ 1 of: history of refractory HL; relapse/progression &lt; 12 months after frontline therapy; extranodal involvement at time of pre-ASCT relapse. Pts were randomized to receive BV 1.8 mg/kg or PBO on day 1 of each 21-day cycle, for up to 16 cycles/disease progression. Results: 329 pts (median age 32 yrs [range 18–76]; 53% male) received BV (n = 165) or PBO (n = 164). Fewer PFS events per INV analysis were experienced by pts in the BV arm vs PBO arm. The NNT with BV to prevent a disease progression/death ranged from 4.08 (95% CI 2.94, 6.96) to 7.79 pts (95% CI 5.05, 16.4) over 48 months (Table). At 24 months (time majority of pts have progressed post-ASCT), the NNT to prevent a disease progression/death was 4.92 pts (95% CI 3.29, 10.39). Conclusions: AETHERA data suggest that, at various time points, 1 in every 5–8 pts treated with BV consolidation therapy will benefit by avoiding disease progression/death. This further demonstrates BV’s clinical benefit in the post-ASCT consolidation setting. Clinical trial information: NCT01100502. [Table: see text]
Chest Pain in a Patient With Left Bundle Branch Block
Authors: Matthew Jackson, Muhammad Muzaffar Mahmood
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
UN High-Level Meeting on antimicrobials—what do we need?
Authors: Ramanan Laxminarayan, Carlos F Amábile-Cuevas, Otto Cars, Timothy Evans, David L Heymann, Steven Hoffman, Alison Holmes, Marc Mendelson, Devi Sridhar, Mark Woolhouse, John-Arne Røttingen
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Effect of prophylactic anticoagulation on thromboembolism associated with indwelling vascular catheters in patients with solid tumours: A review of the experience at a single centre
Authors: M. Nguyen, D. Goss, G. Goss, G. A. Nicholas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

20574 Background: Thromboembolism is a known complication of indwelling vascular catheters in cancer patients. Published studies have been contradictory on the value of prophylactic anticoagulation (PA). We reviewed the practice at our centre, and the relationship between clinical diagnosis of thrombosis and PA. Methods: The charts of all patients receiving chemotherapy at The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre from 2000 to 2004 were listed in random order, and reviewed sequentially until data was collected on 500 patients with indwelling vascular catheters. Paper charts were hand-reviewed to determine demographic and clinical data. Data were analysed using SAS version 8.0. Results: 504 patients with vascular catheters were identified. Primary sites were breast (43%), GI (32%), lung (17%), other (8%). 84% had port-a-caths, the rest PICC lines. 97 patients (19%) developed clots. 250 patients received PA, most (88%) with warfarin. The rate of thromboembolism in the PA patients was 11.6%, compared to 26.8% in those not anticoagulated (chi2 p<0.0001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis including gender, primary site, performance status, treatment, and the presence or absence of metastases, the benefit associated with PA remained statistically significant (OR=0.35 p<0.001). Breast cancer, as compared to other primary sites, was associated with a lower risk of thrombosis (OR=0.61 p=0.04). Conclusions: Our rate of catheter-related thrombosis was within the range of previously published studies. We found that PA was associated with a lower risk of clinically-diagnosed thrombosis. It is important to recognize that this was not a randomized study, and that other factors, such as selection bias or diagnostic bias, may affect the results. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Expression of a Multidrug Resistance Gene in Blast Crisis of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: R Pirker, L J Goldstein, H Ludwig, W Linkesch, C Lechner, M M Gottesman, I Pastan
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

Three of four patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis were found to express the multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene in their blast cells. Expression of the MDR1 gene may contribute to the poor response of these patients to chemotherapy.
Pubic Hair Grooming Prevalence and Motivation Among Women in the United States
Authors: Tami S. Rowen, Thomas W. Gaither, Mohannad A. Awad, E. Charles Osterberg, Alan W. Shindel, Benjamin N. Breyer
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Pubic hair grooming is an increasingly prevalent trend. Several studies have sought to characterize its prevalence, associated demographics, and motivations.To characterize current pubic hair grooming practices in the United States.In this cross-sectional study, a nationally representative survey was conducted in January 2013 of noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 to 65 years residing in the United States via the GfK Group (formerly Knowledge Networks) panel members. Data analysis was performed from November to December 2015.A questionnaire examining pubic hair grooming habits.Demographic characteristics and motivations associated with pubic hair grooming.A total of 3372 women were surveyed. Fifty-six women did not answer the grooming question; consequently, 3316 women were included in the analysis. Of these women, 2778 (83.8%) reported pubic hair grooming and 538 (16.2%) reported never grooming. On multivariate regression, several factors associated with grooming were found. When compared with younger women (aged 18-24 years), women aged 45 through 55 years (odds ratio [OR], 0.05; 95% CI, 0.01-0.49; P = .01) and those older than 55 years (OR, 0.04; 95% CI, 0.00-0.34; P = .003) were significantly less likely to groom. Women with some college (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.65-6.84; P = .001) or a bachelor's degree (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.17-4.88; P = .02) were more likely to have groomed. Race was also significantly associated with grooming, with all groups reporting less grooming when compared with white women. No association was found between grooming and income, relationship status, or geographic location.This study provides a nationally representative assessment of contemporary female pubic hair grooming habits. Demographic differences in grooming were found, which may reflect cultural variations in preference related to pubic hair. Health care professionals and those who provide grooming services can use this information to better counsel patients and understand grooming practices.
Syringe Service Programs for Persons Who Inject Drugs in Urban, Suburban, and Rural Areas — United States, 2013
Authors: Don C. Des Jarlais, Ann Nugent, Alisa Solberg, Jonathan Feelemyer, Jonathan Mermin, Deborah Holtzman
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Reducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection rates in persons who inject drugs (PWID) has been one of the major successes in HIV prevention in the United States. Estimated HIV incidence among PWID declined by approximately 80% during 1990-2006 (1). More recent data indicate that further reductions in HIV incidence are occurring in multiple areas (2). Research results for the effectiveness of risk reduction programs in preventing hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among PWID (3) have not been as consistent as they have been for HIV; however, a marked decline in the incidence of HCV infection occurred during 1992-2005 in selected U.S. locations when targeted risk reduction efforts for the prevention of HIV were implemented (4). Because syringe service programs (SSPs)* have been one effective component of these risk reduction efforts for PWID (5), and because at least half of PWID are estimated to live outside major urban areas (6), a study was undertaken to characterize the current status of SSPs in the United States and determine whether urban, suburban, and rural SSPs differed. Data from a recent survey of SSPs(†) were analyzed to describe program characteristics (e.g., size, clients, and services), which were then compared by urban, suburban, and rural location. Substantially fewer SSPs were located in rural and suburban than in urban areas, and harm reduction services(§) were less available to PWID outside urban settings. Because increases in substance abuse treatment admissions for drug injection have been observed concurrently with increases in reported cases of acute HCV infection in rural and suburban areas (7), state and local jurisdictions could consider extending effective prevention programs, including SSPs, to populations of PWID in rural and suburban areas.
Suppression of Cell Proliferation and the Expression of abcr-abl Fusion Gene and Apoptotic Cell Death in a New Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cell Line, KT-1, by Interferon-α
Authors: Kohsuke Yanagisawa, Hayato Yamauchi, Masahiko Kaneko, Hidehisa Kohno, Hitoshi Hasegawa, Shigeru Fujita
Journal: Blood (1998)
Androgen Suppression Plus Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Eric M Horwitz, Steven J Feigenberg, Alan Pollack, Gerald E Hanks, Robert G Uzzo
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Liver Abscess, Pneumonia and Empyema Due to Friedländer's Bacillus in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: E. Paul Sheridan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

FEW cases of liver abscess due to Friedländer's bacillus (Bacterium friedländeri, Klebsieila pneumoniae) are to be found in the medical literature. Boettiger et al.,1 in a review of articles in English, German and French literature since the beginning of the century, found only 25 such cases; they reported 2 cases, with autopsy findings. Rothenberg and Linder2 had 2 cases of solitary liver abscess due to Friedländer's bacillus, with recovery. Eliason3 describes a case of a solitary liver abscess due to the same organism, with recovery. The following 2 cases are reported as the only ones known among more . . .