tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1229 Effect of colchicine on cholesterol levels in patients with familial mediterranean fever and behÇet’s syndrome:
Authors: S. Ugurlu, E. Seyahi, I. Hanci, S.M. Pehlevan, H. Ozdogan, H. Yazici
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> We and others have previously shown that patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) had low cholesterol levels when compared to healthy controls (1-2). This was initially brought up by Ozkan E (3). The causes of this abnormality are not understood. It could be due to an inherent effect of FMF or due to a lipid lowering effect of colchicine, as the patients in these studies were all regular users. Additionally, earlier studies had suggested that colchicine may have hypocholesterolemic effect. We conducted a 12 week study to determine whether colchicine would decrease serum lipid levels in patients with FMF and Behçet's syndrome (BS). Lipid levels were measured in each patient before and after colchicine use. <h3>Methods</h3> Blood cholesterol and triglycerides levels were measured in 24 patients with FMF (11 M, 13 F) and 16 (8 M, 8 F) patients with BS who were registered at the outpatient clinic of Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty. All patients were naive to colchicine or immunosuppressive treatment or any other lipid lowering drugs at study entry. Blood cholesterol and triglycerides levels were measured again after 12 weeks of colchicine 1.5 mg daily. Colchicine was withdrawn in one patient with FMF because of liver toxicity and in another because of nausea. Two patients with FMF did not use colchicine and another with FMF was lost to follow-up. Colchicine was switched to azathioprine in 1 patient with BS because of active disease. Only patients who completed 12 weeks period were analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> There were 19 (8 M, 11 F) patients with FMF and 15 (7 M, 8 F) patients with BS who completed the 12 week period. Patients with FMF were (mean age: 33.8±14.1 years) significantly younger than BS patients (mean age: 36.5±9.5) (P=0.001). Colchicine did not change cholesterol and triglycerides levels in patients with FMF or BS (Table). BS (Table). Mild diarrhea was observed in 2 patients with FMF and in 1 with BS. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study provided no evidence that colchicine use affects lipid levels in patients with FMF and BS. <h3>References</h3> Ugurlu S, Seyahi E, Cetinkaya F, Ozbakir F, Balci H, Ozdogan H. Intima-media thickening in patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Aug;48(8):911-5. Akdogan A, Calguneri M, Yavuz B, et al. Are familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients at increased risk for atherosclerosis? Impaired endothelial function and increased intima media thickness are found in FMF. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:2351-3. Ozkan E, Okur O, Ekmekci A, Ozcan R, Tag T. A new approach to the treatment of periodic fever. Med Bull Istanbul 1972;5:44-9. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB1046 A Meta-Analysis of Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Table 1
Authors: E. Toledano, E. Loza, L. Carmona, A. Ortiz, V. Villaverde, J.A. Martínez-Ruíz, C. Lajas, S. Castañeda
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic diseases with a great burden from disability and complications that ultimately lead to large losses of quality of life and cumbersome dependency. Data reporting mortality in RA vary widely. <h3>Objectives</h3> To provide an accurate overview of the current risk of mortality in AR. <h3>Methods</h3> Systematic review of published studies identified by sensitive electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library until April 2013 were performed by trained researchers using free text and MeSH synonims of "mortality" and of "RA". Elegibility criteria were 1) study population with RA; (2) outcome of interest mortality, reported as an standardized mortality ratio (SMR); and (3) meta-analysis, systematic reviews, cohorts or longitudinal observational studies. Assessment of risk of bias relied on the New Castle-Ottawa scale for cohorts. Only moderate to high quality studies were included. <h3>Results</h3> See Table 1. A total of 17 studies with data from several million patients were included, between 47 and 65 years, 75% women and follow up from 3 to 40 years. General population was used as reference. The overall SMR was from 1.25 (95% CI 1.18–1.33) to 4.58 (4.33-4.83). By gender, from 0.87 (0.63-1.21) to 4.97 (4.53-5.59) in men and from 1.02 (0.78-1.33) to 5.05 (4.73-5.37) in women. By pathologies, the SMR were higher for infections than cardiovascular and cancer disease. Mortality declined in recent studies. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mortality is increased in RA, and it is supported by moderate to high quality cohort studies. The causes of death in our review actually match those of the general population, where cardiovascular events and cancer are the most frequent causes, but notably, infections and respiratory complications are actually the causes related to an excess mortality in RA. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This systematic review is part of GECOAR Project promoted by the Madrid Society of Rheumatology in collaboration with Roche. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3325
FRI0223 Clinical features of systemic rheumatoid vasculitis – have they changed with better treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?:
Authors: E. Ntatsaki, D.G.I. Scott, J. Mooney, R.A. Watts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic Rheumatoid Vasculitis (SRV) is an uncommon but potentially serious systemic disease manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It presents in a wide spectrum of organs and has a high mortality. The treatment paradigm for RA has dramatically evolved with an emphasis in tighter and better control of disease activity especially in the last decade. The incidence of SRV appears to be decreasing<sup>1</sup> possibly reflecting the progress in RA therapeutics. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to review the clinical manifestations of SRV in a stable well defined population in the new millennium (2001-2010) and to compare with our previous cohort of patients (1988-2000) and also a cohort from the 1970s (1975-1981) (Bath cohort)<sup>2</sup>. <h3>Methods</h3> Using NORVAS, a prospective register of patients with systemic vasculitis since 1988, all patients with a diagnosis of SRV from 1st January 2001 until 31 December 2010 were identified. SRV was defined according to the Scott and Bacon criteria (1984). The diagnosis was established by retrospective review of medical notes and confirmed by an independent physician (RAW). Clinical features were recorded and cohorts compared using a chi-square test. <h3>Results</h3> 18 patients with SRV were identified (10 male), median age at SRV diagnosis was 72 years and average disease duration 15.6 years. Prior to SRV diagnosis patients had used a median of 2 DMARDs (64% on Methotrexate) and 2 patients had been on biologic drugs (12.5%). The average annual incidence was 3.9/million (95%CI 2.3-6.2) which is lower compared to the previous Norwich cohort (9.1/million (95% CI 6.8-12.0))<sup>1</sup>. Broadly, the clinical manifestations were similar apart from systemic and cutaneous features (infarcts and LCCV) that were more common in the older cohorts. Five year mortality was approximately 50% for the Norwich cohorts. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The incidence of SRV has declined in the last 40 years; however, the clinical manifestations remain similar. Systemic symptoms are less often and cutaneous manifestations such as infarcts and nodules are less common in the recent cohorts. Despite modern immunosuppressive therapy there are no significant changes in the clinical features of SRV. <h3>References</h3> Watts RA, Mooney J, Lane SE, Scott DG. Rheumatoid vasculitis: becoming extinct? Rheumatology (Oxford)2004 Jul;43(7):920-928 Scott DG, Bacon PA, Tribe CR. Systemic rheumatoid vasculitis: a clinical and laboratory study of 50 cases. Medicine (Baltimore)1981 Jul;60(4):288-97. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
FRI0025 Compliance with Treat to Target Recommendations &amp; Its Impact on Control of Rheumatoid Arthritis – Interim Results of A UK Multicentre Audit:
Authors: M. Buch, D. O'Reilly, T. Sheeran, S. Keidel, P. Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Based on a strong evidence base that pre-determined treatment targets &amp; tight control improve outcomes, 2010 recommendations on treating to target aim to improve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) management [1]. <h3>Objectives</h3> This prospective audit assess compliance with these recommendations &amp; disease activity outcomes in a large group of UK NHS rheumatology centres. We present 6-month interim results from early centres joining the audit. <h3>Methods</h3> Newly diagnosed patients with RA were recruited at presentation to rheumatology clinics from April 2012 for 1 year follow up from diagnosis. Data on disease history, management &amp; outcomes are collected at each visit. Correlations between recommendation compliance &amp; change in 6 month DAS28 score were calculated for this interim analysis. <h3>Results</h3> By December 2013, 813 patients in 38 centres were included. 152 patients [48 (32%) male] from 19 centres had evaluable data, with both baseline &amp; 6 month DAS28 scores available. Mean (standard deviation, SD) age at diagnosis was 59.4 (14.6) years, &amp; mean (SD) time from onset of persistent symptoms to first clinic visit was 0.49 (1.4) years. Mean (SD) DAS28 score at baseline was 4.69 (1.63) &amp;at 6 months 3.09 (1.43) (p&lt;0.0001). 59 (39%) achieved DAS28&lt;2.6 &amp; 18 (12%) DAS28 2.6-3.2 at 6 months. Table 1 shows % compliance with the recommendations &amp; correlation between % compliance &amp; improvement in DAS28 score. Negative values show where compliance was related to improvement in outcome. Patients who were informed of their treatment target or who had a DAS28 score at each visit had a greater improvement in DAS28 score at 6 months than those whose management did not comply with these recommendations (correlation significance p=0.03 &amp; p=0.02 respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> 39% of patients achieved clinical remission at 6 months. Informing patients of treatment targets &amp;formal measurement of disease activity at each visit were associated with the greatest improvement in DAS28 score. The correlations in these interim results show association between compliance with recommendations &amp;improved RA outcomes. Not necessarily causative, these associations are signals that further work to increase compliance with treat to target recommendations may be worthwhile. This project is ongoing &amp;further results will be presented in due course. <h3>References</h3> Smolen et al. Treating rheumatoid arthritis to target: recommendations of an international task force. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:631–637 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> pH Associates, Marlow, Buckinghamshire <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3126
The Jaw-Thrust Maneuver
Authors: Eric Albrecht, Patrick Schoettker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

In unconscious patients, including those under general anesthesia, the posterior displacement of the tongue against the pharyngeal wall, soft palate, and epiglottis tends to obstruct the upper airway. The resulting hypoventilation may lead to hypercarbia and hypoxemia, potentially leading to arrhythmia or cardiac arrest. The jaw-thrust maneuver, which is taught as part of basic life support and anesthesiology, improves the patency of the upper airway. It consists of grasping and lifting the angles of the lower jaw with both hands, one on each side, while displacing the mandible forward, and is typically performed by a clinician facing the patient's head . . .
Abstract 3883: Robo1, a new target, by Wnt and androgen receptor signaling in castration resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: Noriko N. Yokoyama, Zheng Sun, Toshinori Sakai, Bang H. Hoang, Xiaolin Zi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Androgen receptor (AR) and β-catenin/TCF-4 signaling both play a critical role during prostate cancer progression to castration-resistance and cross-talk with each other. Therefore, identifying novel down-stream targets that are co-regulated by AR and β-catenin/TCF-4 signaling is important for understanding the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Robo1, a transmembrane receptor of Slit, is known for its roles in neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Previous studies have shown that Robo/Slits are aberrantly expressing in different cancers. We have shown that Robo1 is over-expressed in androgen-insensitive prostate cancer cell lines (C4-2B, PC3, 22RV1) compared to androgen-sensitive lines (LNCaP and LAPC-4), and absent in normal prostate epithelial cells. Androgen deprivation resulted in enhanced expression of Robo1 and addition of synthetic androgen R1881decreased Robo1 expression in LNCaP cells. In addition, Wnt 3A and 5A conditioned medium stimulation increased Robo1 mRNA expression in LNCaP cells. Inhibition of Wnt signaling by overexpression of secreted Wnt antagonists Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF-1) and Frzb/sFRP3 in two CRPC cell lines, decreased the expression of Robo1. Using GenBank and MatInspector software, we have identified potential binding sites for TCF-4 in the 5’ flanking promoter region of the ROBO1 gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by real-time PCR analysis revealed that TCF-4 binds to the ROBO1 promoter at two predicted sites, and that WIF-1 and Frzb/sFRP3 expression inhibited its promoter binding. Overexpression of WIF-1 and Frzb/sFRP3 also inhibited the promoter activity of Robo1. Knock-down of Robo1 by short-hairpin RNA in PC3 cells resulted in dramatic morphological changes with increased cell aggregation and adhesion. Taken together, our results indicate that Robo1 is a co-target of Wnt and AR signaling. Further studies are in progress to define the functional role of Robo1 in CRPC. Citation Format: Noriko N. Yokoyama, Zheng Sun, Toshinori Sakai, Bang H. Hoang, Xiaolin Zi. Robo1, a new target, by Wnt and androgen receptor signaling in castration resistant prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3883. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3883
A False-Negative Hepatobiliary Scan Due to the Infected Fundal End of a Septated Gallbladder
Authors: BILL MOURATIDIS, SUET-WAN CHEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Medical Imaging, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australia Received for publication May 17, 2000. Accepted January 5, 2001. Correspondence: Bill Mouratidis, Department of Medical Imaging, The Canberra Hospital, Yamba Drive, Garran ACT, Australia 2605. E-mail [email protected]
A Pilot Trial of Cop 1 in Exacerbating–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Murray B. Bornstein, Aaron Miller, Susan Slagle, Muriel Weitzman, Howard Crystal, Ellen Drexler, Marshall Keilson, Arnold Merriam, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Vincent Spada, William Weiss, Ruth Arnon, Israel Jacobsohn, Dvora Teitelbaum, Michael Sela
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Cop 1 is a random polymer (molecular weight, 14,000 to 23,000) simulating myelin basic protein. It is synthesized by polymerizing L-alanine, L-glutamic acid, L-lysine, and L-tyrosine. It suppresses but does not induce experimental allergic encepnalomyelitis, an animal model of multiple sclerosis. It is not toxic in animals. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot trial, we studied 50 patients with the exacerbating–remitting form of multiple sclerosis, who self-injected either 20 mg of Cop 1 dissolved in 1 ml of saline or saline alone daily for two years. Six of 23 patients in the placebo group (26 percent) and 14 of 25 patients in the Cop 1 group (56 percent) had no exacerbations (P = 0.045). There were 62 exacerbations in the placebo group and 16 in the Cop 1 group, yielding two-year averages of 2.7 and 0.6 per patient, respectively. Among patients who were less disabled on entry (Kurtzke disability score, 0 to 2), there were 2.7 exacerbations in the placebo group and 0.3 in the Cop 1 group over two years. Among patients who were more affected (Kurtzke disability score, 3 to 6), there was an average of 2.7 exacerbations in the placebo group and 1.0 in the Cop 1 group. Over two years, less disabled patients taking Cop 1 improved an average of 0.5 Kurtzke units; those taking placebo worsened an average of 1.2 Kurtzke units. More disabled patients worsened by 0.3 (Cop 1 group) and 0.4 (placebo group) unit. Irritation at injection sites and rare, transient vasomotor responses were observed as side effects. These results suggest that Cop 1 may be beneficial in patients with the exacerbating–remitting form of multiple sclerosis, but we emphasize that the study is a preliminary one and our data require confirmation by a more extensive clinical trial. (N Engl J Med 1987; 317:408–14.)
Generalized Bone Marrow Metastases
Authors: BOUDEWŸN BRANS, JAN ROLAND, PATRICK DE MEYER, JEAN SERVAIS, JAN VAN GOETHEM, PIERRE SCALLIET
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Increased hepatic uptake and absent bone marrow uptake on bone marrow immunoscintigraphy has been reported after the formation of human antimurine antibodies. A case of generalized bone marrow metastases is presented, in whom an elevated liver uptake on bone marrow immunoscintigraphy proved to be associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis. Extramedullary hematopoiesis should be included as a possible cause of a disproportionately elevated liver uptake on bone marrow immunoscintigraphy, especially on initial studies, or on repeat studies with low human antimurine antibody titers. Tc-99m labeled BW 250/183 immunoscintigraphy may aid in the localization of suspected sites of extramedullary hematopoiesis.
Toothpick impaction with localized sigmoid perforation: successful double-balloon enteroscopic management
Authors: Y.-P. Wang, B. Shi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 40-year-old man who had been experiencing intermittent left lower quadrant pain for approximately 1 month was referred to our gastroenterology division. General examination was normal, except for mild abdominal discomfort on deep palpation of the left lower quadrant. Double-balloon enteroscopy via the mouth revealed a 4 × 3-mm ulcer surrounded by erosions on the jejunal wall 2.5 m from the pylorus ([Fig. 1]). Double-balloon enteroscopy via the anus revealed a foreign body at approximately mid-sigmoid level, where a wooden toothpick was noted to be lodged in the lumen with erythema and edema of the surrounding bowel wall ([Fig. 2]). The impacted end of the toothpick was freed by gentle probing with a biopsy forceps, then grasped and extracted. To prevent accidental injury to the bowel wall, the toothpick was pulled into the overtube of the double-balloon enteroscope. As the 5.0-cm × 2-mm wooden toothpick was being removed via the anus, the patient noted a dramatic and immediate decrease in his left lower quadrant discomfort. Subsequent questioning of the patient yielded a possible history of having accidentally swallowed some toothpicks. He was advised to continue parenteral antibiotic therapy for 24 – 48 hours. The patient was asymptomatic at telephone follow-up 1 week after leaving hospital and when he attended for the planned follow-up examination 3 months later.
AB0554 Expression of Serum B Cell Activating Factor from the Tumour Necrosis Factor Family (BAFF) and A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL) in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relationship with Disease Activity
Authors: T. Panafidina, M. Sokhova, Z. Verizhnikova, A. Novikov, E. Alexandrova, T. Popkova, S. Solovyev, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The B lymphocyte stimulator signaling pathway by BAFF and its homologue APRIL has an important role in the selection, maturation and survival of B cells and plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study is to evaluate BAFF and APRIL in patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> The 30 pts (80% female, age 31,0 [28,0-45,0 years] (mediana [interquartile range 25%&gt;75%])) with SLE (ACR criteria, 1982) and 27 controls (93% female without any rheumatic and infectious diseases, age 27,0 [26,0-30,0] years) were examined. We considered SLE-related factors: disease duration, clinical features, SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI 2K), Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) damage index and treatment. All patients were evaluated for laboratory data (ESR, CRP, immunoglobulin G, A and M, complement fragments C3 and C4 and others), autoantibodies (ANA, antiDNA, ENA-SSA, -SSB, -Sm, aPL) and CD19 B lymphocytes subpopulation. The concentration of soluble BAFF and APRIL (ng/ml) were determined in serum samples by ELISA (Bender MedSystem GmbH, Austria). B cells were detected by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis has been performed with STATISTICA program, version 8.0. <h3>Results</h3> The mean disease duration of SLE was 7,0 [2,0-10,0] years, SLEDAI 2K score - 4 [2-13], SLICC damage index score - 0 [0-1], current prednisone dose – 10,0 [7,5-25,0] mg/day. SLE pts did not differ from healthy controls in BAFF (0,02 [0,02-0,08] vs 0,02 [0,02-0,02] ng/ml) and APRIL (0,01 [0,01-0,62] vs 0,01 [0,01-0,01] ng/ml) levels. Among SLE pts BAFF level correlated with lupus anticoagulant (r=0,88, p&lt;0,05) and ESR (r=0,43, p&lt;0,05); APRIL level correlated with SLEDAI 2K (r=0,55, p&lt;0,01), CRP (r=0,50, p&lt;0,01), antiDNA (r=0,38, p&lt;0,05), creatinine level (r=0,39, p&lt;0,05), current prednisone dose (r=0,55, p&lt;0,01) and CD19 B lymphocytes absolute count (r=0,89, p&lt;0,05). We divided SLE pts on two groups: the 1st- pts with high activity (SLEDAI 2K≥8), the 2nd – pts with low (SLEDAI 2K&lt;8). The patients of 1st group had higher level of APRIL (1,69 [0,01-4,0] vs 0,01 [0,01-0,01] ng/ml, p&lt;0,05) compared to 2nd group and control, there is no difference in BAFF level in these groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our study there are no differences in BAFF and APRIL levels in patients with SLE and healthy control. This result may be explained by successful therapy and suppression of disease activity in our patients. Patients with high activity of SLE had increased level of APRIL, there is no correlation in disease activity and BAFF level. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3582
861 THE LECTIN GRIFFITHSIN HAS ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AGAINST HEPATITIS C VIRUS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: P. Meuleman, A. Albecka, S. Belouzard, K. Vercauteren, L. Verhoye, C. Wychowski, G. Leroux-Roels, K.E. Palmer, J. Dubuisson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)