tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir for HCV Genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 Infection
Authors: Jordan J. Feld, Ira M. Jacobson, Christophe Hézode, Tarik Asselah, Peter J. Ruane, Norbert Gruener, Armand Abergel, Alessandra Mangia, Ching-Lung Lai, Henry L.Y. Chan, Francesco Mazzotta, Christophe Moreno, Eric Yoshida, Stephen D. Shafran, William J. Towner, Tram T. Tran, John McNally, Anu Osinusi, Evguenia Svarovskaia, Yanni Zhu, Diana M. Brainard, John G. McHutchison, Kosh Agarwal, Stefan Zeuzem
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A simple treatment regimen that is effective in a broad range of patients who are chronically infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains an unmet medical need.We conducted a phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving untreated and previously treated patients with chronic HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6 infection, including those with compensated cirrhosis. Patients with HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, or 6 were randomly assigned in a 5:1 ratio to receive the nucleotide polymerase inhibitor sofosbuvir and the NS5A inhibitor velpatasvir in a once-daily, fixed-dose combination tablet or matching placebo for 12 weeks. Because of the low prevalence of genotype 5 in the study regions, patients with genotype 5 did not undergo randomization but were assigned to the sofosbuvir-velpatasvir group. The primary end point was a sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after the end of therapy.Of the 624 patients who received treatment with sofosbuvir-velpatasvir, 34% had HCV genotype 1a, 19% genotype 1b, 17% genotype 2, 19% genotype 4, 6% genotype 5, and 7% genotype 6. A total of 8% of patients were black, 19% had cirrhosis, and 32% had been previously treated for HCV. The rate of sustained virologic response among patients receiving sofosbuvir-velpatasvir was 99% (95% confidence interval, 98 to >99). Two patients receiving sofosbuvir-velpatasvir, both with HCV genotype 1, had a virologic relapse. None of the 116 patients receiving placebo had a sustained virologic response. Serious adverse events were reported in 15 patients (2%) in the sofosbuvir-velpatasvir group and none in the placebo group.Once-daily sofosbuvir-velpatasvir for 12 weeks provided high rates of sustained virologic response among both previously treated and untreated patients infected with HCV genotype 1, 2, 4, 5, or 6, including those with compensated cirrhosis. (Funded by Gilead Sciences; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02201940.).
AB0278 Prolonging between-infusions interval is associated with positivity to anti-infliximab antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis patients
Authors: M. Verdet, C. Guillou, M.-L. Golinski, M. Hiron, F. Jouen, O. Boyer, T. Lequerre, O. Vittecoq
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze association between the presence of antibodies to infliximab (ATI) and the clinical and biological characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients <h3>Methods</h3> Sera from RA (n = 22) or SpA (n = 23) patients treated with infliximab were analyzed. ATI and infliximab trough concentrations were measured using a commercial multiplex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (LISA-Tracker Infliximab Theradiag®, Marne la Vallée, France). Clinical and biological data were collected retrospectively from each patient's medical file. <h3>Results</h3> Infliximab was given in combination with methotrexate (MTX) for 31 (69%) patients (RA patients 90%; SpA patients 43%). Fifteen patients were in remission at the time of analysis. The interval between two consecutive infliximab infusions exceeded 8 weeks for 15 (33%) patients; it was significantly longer for patients who had achieved remission (9.3 weeks) versus the other patients (6.8 weeks; Mann-Whitney <i>U-</i>test, P = 0.0005). Seven (15%) patients were ATI positive (4 RA and 3 SpA), 6 of them were treated in combination with MTX. Duration of infliximab intakedid not differ between ATI positive and negative patients. Their infliximab doses at the time of analysis were comparable, respectively: 4.29mg/kg and 4.13mg/kg (P = 0.74). A longer between-infusions interval was associated with the ATI-positivity (9.6 weeks versus ATI-negativity: 7.3 weeks; P = 0.02). Infliximab trough concentrations were significantly lower in ATI-positive patients (0.18 <i>μ</i>g/ml) vs ATI-negative patients (2.1 <i>μ</i>g/mL, P = 0.0005). A significant inverse correlation was found between ATI titers and infliximab trough concentrations (Spearman's test, P = 0.0002, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.29). No link was found between the methotrexate intake and ATI-positivity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Immunogenicity of infliximab is related with a longer between-infusion interval, which could affect the treatment strategy, because prolonging those intervals for patients in clinical remission might favor ATI production. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Drainage guidée par échoendoscopie des sténoses pancréatiques
Authors: M Giovannini, E Bories, C Pesenti, F Caillol, O Turrini, JR Delpero
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

L'échoendoscopie thérapeutique (EET) s'est développée ces dix dernières années, notamment le drainage guidée par EE du canal de wirsung lorsque la CPRE a échouée ou lorsque elle est impossible après DPC.
Increased 18F-FDG Uptake Associated With Gastric Banding Surgical Mesh on PET/CT
Authors: Charles B. Chism, Ray Somcio, Beth A. Chasen, Gregory C. Ravizzini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Surgical mesh was used in the 1980s and early 1990s for vertical banded gastroplasty as treatment for morbid obesity. This procedure was replaced by the more popular laparoscopic gastric banding in the mid-1990s. Surgical mesh, commonly used in hernioplasty, has been associated with increased 18F-FDG uptake related to an inflammatory foreign body reaction and is a known cause of false-positive PET scans. We present a case of increased 18F-FDG uptake related to surgical mesh in a patient who had undergone vertical banded gastroplasty.
AB0920 Clinico-Morphological Variants of Pannikulitis: Diagnostic Problems
Authors: B.S. Belov, O.N. Egorova, Z.S. Alekberova, O.V. Pushkova, S.G. Radenska-Lopovok, G.M. Tarasova, E.G. Sazhina, N.M. Savushkina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Pannikulitis (PN) is a heterogeneous group of inflammatory diseases associated with damage of subcutaneous fat and internal organs. The difficulties of PN diagnosis are due to variety of clinical and pathological forms and lack of specific markers of the disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective was to develop an algorithm for diagnosis of Pn. <h3>Methods</h3> 361 patients with PN were included. There were 51 males and 310 females aged 15-79 years referred to clinic with suspected diagnosis of "erythema nodosum" (EN) in 2008-2012. Physical examination, laboratory investigation (determination of amylase, lipase, α1-antitrypsin, creatine kinase and CRP levels, anti-DNA-antibodies, antibodies to hepatitis B/C, Yersinia and ASL-O etc.) and instrumental assessment (chest CT scan and ultrasonography of lower extremities and subcutaneous nodules), intradermal tuberculin test and pathomorphological study of skin biopsy specimen from the node area were performed. <h3>Results</h3> Septal Pn was established in 189 (53,1%) cases. 182 from these patients had EN, 7 - Behcet9s disease. Septal Pn was characterized by painful (pain of VAS 59±27,6 mm), isolated from each other, clearly marked from surrounding skin nodules which had diameter till 5 cm and regressed without ulcers and scars. Lobular Pn was diagnosed in 167 patients, including sarcoidosis (Darier-Roussy sarcoid) (68), Weber-Christian disease (32), lipodermatosclerosis (44), infectious Pn (11), oncogematopathology (5), erythema induratum Bazin9s (3), fastitial Pn, pancreatic Pn, lupus Pn, dermatomyositis, - 1 case each. Tipical signs of lobular panniculitis were multiple "sauser-formed" moderately painful (pain of VAS 46±19,3 mm) hardenings with development of subcutaneous fat atrophy on lower (95,2%) and upper (42%) extremities, less often on breast, abdomen and face (17,4%). On the whole in 68% of patients appearance of nodules was accompanied by fever, polyarthralgias, myalgias, elevation of ESR and CRP. Diagnosis of Pn was excluded in 5 patients. At pathomorphological research Pn9s diagnosis was verified in all cases. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The proposed algorithm represents the first stage of the Pn diagnosis development. Further research is needed to assess its sensitivity and specificity <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1289
Familial Premature Ovarian Failure Due to an Interstitial Deletion of the Long Arm of the X Chromosome
Authors: Celeste M. Krauss, R. Nuran Turksoy, Leonard Atkins, Cynthia McLaughlin, Laura G. Brown, David C. Page
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We describe a family in which four women had menstrual irregularities and a partial deletion of the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq). Three of the four women had premature ovarian failure (at the ages of 24 to 37 years). Chromosome-banding studies initially suggested that a terminal portion of Xq was deleted. However, DNA-hybridization studies showed that an interstitial portion of Xq was deleted and that the affected women had a 46,XX,del(X)(pter-q21.3::q27-qter) karyotype. These findings help clarify the role of Xq in ovarian function and indicate that the accurate description of such abnormalities requires a combination of cytogenetic and DNA-hybridization analysis.
SAT0026 Survival and Mortality Rates in Lupus Nephritis Patients
Authors: D. Monova, S. Monov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease, characterized by multisystemic organ involvement and with a broad spectrum of clinical and laboratory manifestations. Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the common manifestations of SLE. During the past decades the survival rate in patients with lupus nephritis has improved dramatically mainly because of more sensitive diagnostic tools, the use of corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs and better supportive treatments. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to describe the survival and the causes of death in patients with lupus nephritis in two centers. <h3>Methods</h3> 256 patients with biopsy proven LN, diagnosed from 1984 to 2013 year, were enrolled in this study. Renal histopathology was classified according to the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society criteria for nephritis in SLE. All data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0.1. Survival rates were estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. Differences in survival between patient groups were determined using the long-rank test. Cox9s proportional hazards model was used to examine the independent association of several parameters with the risk of death. The causes of death categorization was based on analysis off all data available from hospital charts, post-mortem findings or primary care physicians, when death had occurred outside the hospital. <h3>Results</h3> Mean duration of follow-up of patients with LN was 138,8±69,46 months. During the study period 93 (36,33%) patients died. 14 patients (5,47%) developed end stage renal disease. The most common causes of death are cardiovascular diseases (44 cases), infections (36 cases), including sepsis with multiorgan failure and lung diseases. The 1, 5, 10, 15 and 20 year survival rates are 99,58%, 99,18%, 94,16%, 68,59% and 58,76% respectively. Survival curves differ significantly between sexes with a better prognosis for women. Patients with early onset of the disease presented a poorer survival than patients with a later onset. <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to the results of the present study LN patients present relatively high 5-yr, 10-yr and 15-yr survival rates. Our findings exemplify the importance of early diagnosis and early therapy with effective but safe immunosuppression, before the disease activity has culminated in significant irreversible end-organ damage. The variation in immunosuppressive treatments represents only one of many factors than can influence the longitudinal evolution of renal function. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5741
Blunt Impact to the Chest Leading to Sudden Death from Cardiac Arrest during Sports Activities
Authors: Barry J. Maron, Liviu C. Poliac, James A. Kaplan, Frederick O. Mueller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Sudden death from cardiac arrest in a young person may occur during sports play after a blunt blow to the chest in the absence of structural cardiovascular disease or traumatic injury (cardiac concussion or commotio cordis). We studied the clinical features of this apparently uncommon but important phenomenon.We identified cases from the registries of relevant agencies and organizations, as well as newsmedia accounts, and developed a clinical profile of 25 children and young adults, 3 to 19 years of age.Each victim collapsed with cardiac arrest immediately after an unexpected blow to the chest, which was usually inflicted by a projectile (such as a baseball or hockey puck). Incidents took place during organized competitive sports in 16 cases and in recreational settings at home, at school, or on the playground in 9. In each instance, the impact to the chest was not judged to be extraordinary for the sport involved and did not appear to have sufficient force to cause death. Twelve victims collapsed virtually instantaneously on impact, whereas 13 remained conscious and physically active for a brief time before cardiac arrest. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was administered within about three minutes to 19 victims, but normal cardiac rhythm could be restored in only 2 (both incurred irreversible brain damage and died shortly thereafter). Seven victims (28 percent) were wearing some form of protective chest padding.We speculate that most sudden deaths related to impact to the chest (not associated with traumatic injury) are due to ventricular dysrhythmia induced by an abrupt, blunt precordial blow, presumably delivered at an electrically vulnerable phase of ventricular excitability. This profile of blunt chest impact leading to cardiac arrest adds to our understanding of the range of causes of sudden death on the athletic field and may help in the development of preventive measures.
Anastomoses gastro-jéjunales avec fermeture pylorique sur modèle porcin vivant: évaluation de faisabilité, de tolérance et d'efficacité
Authors: JM Gonzalez, G Vanbiervliet, EA Bonin, S Berdah, M Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

La NOTES (Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery) est une technique de chirurgie endoscopique mini-invasive. Cette approche est utile pour les procédures d'anastomoses digestives notamment en chirurgie bariatrique. L'abord endoscopique exclusif reste expérimental et difficile malgré des efforts dans le développement de la
Abstract 5564: Disulfiram suppresses growth of the malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in part by inducing apoptosis.
Authors: Ying Wang, Vino T. Cheryan, Shazia Jamal, Di Chen, Huanjie Yang, Lisa A. Polin, Harvey I. Pass, Q Ping Dou, Sunita Sharma, Arun K. Rishi, Anil Wali
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Disulfiram (DSF) is a member of the dithiocarbamate family of compounds that bind with copper and function as inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase. DSF is one of the drugs approved by Food and Drug Administration for treatment of alcoholism. Recent studies have indicated anti-tumor and chemosensitizing properties of DSF. However, the molecular mechanisms of DSF action remain unclear. Here we investigated malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) suppressive effects of DSF and the molecular mechanisms involved. DSF inhibited growth of the murine as well as patient-derived MPM cells in part by decreasing the chymotryptic activity of the proteasome that resulted in accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. DSF suppression of MPM growth also involved elevated apoptosis as evidenced by activation of caspase-3, elevated levels of pro-apoptotic Bax protein and cleavage of poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase. Our studies including gene-array based analyses further revealed that DSF suppressed a number of cell growth and metastasis-promoting genes including matrix metallopeptidase 3 and 10. DSF treatments also stimulated expression of sulfatase 1, growth arrest-specific (GAS) 6 protein, and CARP-1/CCAR1, a novel transducer of cell growth signaling. Administration of 50mg/kg DSF by daily i.p injections inhibited growth of murine MPM cell-derived tumors in vivo in part by stimulating cell growth arrest and apoptosis. Together our in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that DSF suppresses MPM growth by targeting multiple pathways that include blockage of metastasis signaling and stimulation of apoptosis, and thus holds promise as an anti-MPM agent. Citation Format: Ying Wang, Vino T. Cheryan, Shazia Jamal, Di Chen, Huanjie Yang, Lisa A. Polin, Harvey I. Pass, Q Ping Dou, Sunita Sharma, Arun K. Rishi, Anil Wali. Disulfiram suppresses growth of the malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in part by inducing apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5564. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5564
P4-15-02: Clinical and Epidemiological Correlates of Elevated Distress Thermometer Scores in Breast Cancer Patients.
Authors: K Powers, L Pappas, L Buchmann, L Anderson, L Gauchay, A Rich, J Agarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Objectives: Distress is prevalent in breast cancer patients and can be detrimental to quality of life, performance status, treatment adherence, and satisfaction with medical care. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) developed the Distress Thermometer (DT) as a quick and efficient self-assessment tool for screening distress in cancer patients. While surveys estimate that between 20–40% of patients with cancer have significant levels of distress, fewer than 10% are identified and treated. Given time and monetary constraints, it is important to refine screening criteria to identify patients with elevated risk for distress. In this study, we identify clinical and epidemiological factors that are associated with an increased likelihood of elevated DT scores (≥4 and ≥7) in breast cancer patients. Methods: We assessed 229 consecutive female patients with the DT at their initial consultation for breast cancer at the Huntsman Cancer Hospital between September 2007 and December 2008. The DT screening tool measures a global level of distress using a visual analogue scale from 0–10 in the shape of a thermometer, with zero identified as “No Distress” and ten labeled as “Extreme Distress.” The DT screening tool also includes a checklist of common emotional, family, physical, practical, and spiritual concerns with instructions for the paitent to indicate which of those concerns contributed to the distress they experienced within the past week. We chose a score ≥4 as our cutoff for a positive screen for “distress” and a score ≥7 as our cutoff for a positive screen for “extreme distress/depression” based on previous studies. Variables included in the analyses were: age, employment status, race/ethnicity, personal history of depression, family history of breast cancer, marital status, estrogen and progesterone receptor status, stage of cancer, time since diagnosis, and recurrence. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used to determine associations between DT and patient data. Results: Emotional and physical concerns were associated with scores ≥4 and scores ≥7. Spiritual concerns were significantly associated with patients reporting scores ≥7. Patients who were non-Caucasian, unemployed, had a prior history of depression, who presented for recurrent disease, or who had been recently diagnosed had a higher likelihood of scores ≥4 and scores ≥7. Conclusions: The likelihood of scoring ≥4 and ≥7 on the DT screening tool is highest during the first 30 days after receiving a breast cancer diagnosis. Four groups of patients should be targeted for aggressive screening: patients with a prior diagnosis of depression, patients presenting with recurrent disease, unemployed patients, and non-Caucasian patients. Interventions should address physical, emotional and spiritual concerns. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-15-02.
Abstract P1-01-16: Intraoperatively-palpable “non-sentinel” nodes: should they be removed?
Authors: ML Crivello, K Ruth, ER Sigurdson, BL Egleston, M Boraas, RJ Bleicher
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Sentinel lymphadenectomy is the standard of care for evaluation of the axilla in breast cancer. Not infrequently, despite a clinically negative axilla, axillary nodes are found and removed that are only palpable intraoperatively at the time of sentinel lymph node biopsy. There is limited data suggesting that their resection is beneficial, and there is some controversy over whether these non-hot, non-blue nodes should also be called “sentinel nodes” (SNs). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of breast cancer patients who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy from 2007 to 2011 at a single institution. Patients were only included if they had SNs removed (defined as blue and/or radioactive nodes), as well as additional non-sentinel nodes that were only palpable intraoperatively (pNSNs) and not part of an axillary dissection (ALND). Pathology of both SNs and pNSNs were reviewed. Histologic nodal evaluation was performed by H&amp;E alone. Results: From 2007 to 2011, a total of 59 patients had both SNs and pNSNs removed. Fifty-five patients (93.2%) were female and the average age was 55 years old. Fifty-two patients (88.1%) had invasive ductal carcinoma while 7 had lobular carcinoma (11.9%). Average tumor size was 2.0 cm. Among the 59 patients, a total of 109 SNs (mean 1.8, median 1, range 1–6) and 202 pNSNs (mean 3.4, median 2, range 1–30) were removed at the same surgery. Twenty patients (33.9%) had metastases in either the SNs and/or pNSNs with 16 (80.0%) of these having metastases in the SNs alone. Sixteen patients proceeded to an ALND. There were 4 patients (6.8%, 95% CI 1.9–16.5%) who had SNs negative for tumor but pNSNs positive for tumor, and 4 (6.8%, 95% CI 1.9–16.5%) separate patients who had extracapsular extension (ECE) in their pNSNs but no ECE in the SNs. The pNSNs thus provided information altering operative treatment by American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial criteria in 8 patients (13.6%). Two patients (3.4%, 95% CI 0.4–11.7%) had ECE present in ALND nodes, but not present in either their SNs or pNSNs. Conclusion: pNSNs provide information that changes the surgical plan by ACOSOG Z0011 criteria in 14% of cases. Whether their removal changes patient outcomes remains unclear, especially as SNs and pNSNs may, together, be falsely-negative for ECE present within the axilla. While we recommend their removal at this time based upon the added information they provide, further study is required to determine whether the changes resulting from pNSN dissection (i.e. need for ALND) provide any outcome benefit in this era of effective systemic therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-16.