tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0515 Hypogammaglobulinemia is a Frequent Finding in Patients Under Immunosuppressive Therapy but Does not Correlate with Susceptibility to Infections
Authors: C. Neumann, F. Proft, A. Hammitzsch, M. Gruenke, H. Schulze-Koops
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> An increased risk of infection is one of the most frequent side effects of immunosuppressive therapy for rheumatic diseases. A decrease in the gamma-globulin serum fraction has been demonstrated in the early 1980ies in patients treated with gold and penicillamine. Recent biologic therapies like rituximab, which directly affects the formation of immunoglobulin-secreting B – cells, can also induce hypogammaglobulinemia. We wanted to address the question how often hypogammaglobulinemia in a cohort of patients from our outpatient clinic with different rheumatic diseases and varying immunosuppressive therapies is found. The second question was whether a decrease in serum immunoglobulins leads to an increase in the yearly infection rate. <h3>Methods</h3> A questionnaire regarding all infections in the last 12 months was handed out to the patients of our outpatient clinic. The serum immunoglobulin levels for IgG, IgA and IgM were analyzed simultaneously to the questioning. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 282 patients with rheumatic diseases completed the questionnaire. The majority (48%) of these patients had rheumatoid arthritis. 42% of the patients received methotrexate, 40% of the patients were treated with biologics. A decrease in either IgG, IgA and/or IgM was present in 24,5% of the patients. The immunoglobulin deficiency was mild to moderate in most cases. Serious infections occurred in a frequency of 5 in 100 patient-years. There was no correlation between serious infections and the presence of hypogammaglobulinemia. 47 patients with increased frequency of non-serious infections (defined as more than 4 common colds or more than 3 sinusites, 3 bronchites or 3 urinary tract infections per year) also showed no significant correlation with hypogammaglobulinemia. Patients over 60 years of age had significantly more often decreased immunoglobulin-levels than younger patients (p &lt; 0.001). Patients under treatment with leflunomid showed an almost 8-fold increased incidence for hypogammaglobulinemia, while rituximab treatment was associated with a 3,5-fold increased risk. Patients with TNF-inhibitor medication had significantly less frequently decreased immunoglobulin-levels (p = 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Hypogammaglobulinemia was frequently observed in patients with rheumatic disease under immunosuppressive therapy. Nevertheless, patients in our study with hypogammaglobulinemia did not have more serious or non-serious infections than patients with normal immunoglobulin-levels. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SAT0572 Including Contextual Factors in the Development of a Self Report Questionnaire: the Case of Environmental Factors in the Asas Health Index
Authors: U. Kiltz, D. van der Heijde, A. Boonen, A. Cieza, G. Stucki, C. Bostan, J. Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) suffer from pain, stiffness and fatigue, are limited in their activities and restricted in social participation as it is categorized in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Awareness has grown that the experience of health is the product of the interaction between the disease related on the one hand and a series of contextual factors in the person and environment. Environmental factors (EF) are defined as elements external to the individual that can influence functioning and can be facilitators or barriers The most important EF for patients with AS has been identified in the ASAS (Assessments of SpondyloArthritis international Society) Core set for patients with AS. However, there is limited understanding of the relationship and it’s extend between EF and the health of patients with AS. <h3>Objectives</h3> To select a core set of EF which influence importantly self-reported functioning in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> An item pool of candidate EF-items was developed by linking existing questionnaire-items to the EF-categories of the ASAS Core Set for AS. The label of being a barrier or a facilitator has been designated to each item. The EF item pool has been tested together with the item set of the ASAS Health Index (ASAS HI) in two cross-sectional studies. The selection of the EF item set is based on the correlation of each individual item to the sum score of the ASAS HI. <h3>Results</h3> The initial item pool exists of 53 items addressing categories of e1 ‘products and technologies’, e3 ‘support and relationship’, e4 ‘attitudes’ and e5 ‘health services’. After the 1<sup>st</sup> postal survey 37 items were deleted because of low non-significant correlation between EF item and ASAS HI sum score. Out of the remaining 16 items 9 were selected after the 2<sup>nd</sup> postal survey to build the final EF item set. Of these, 3 items serves as a facilitator and 6 items serves as a barrier. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The EF item set gives an overview on most important domains addressing support and relationship, attitudes of the patient and health services. Health professionals can assess with this pool in which areas the patient might need special assistance and researchers need to take EF into account when interpreting data on self-reported health. EF may often impact functioning not as single categories but as complex arrays of multiple EFs. Further research is needed to enlarge the understanding of the influence of EF as a complex area on health status in specific disease states. <h3>References</h3> Boonen et al. ASAS/WHO ICF Core Sets for ankylosing spondylitis (AS): how to classify the impact of AS on functioning and health. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:102-107. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
OC-067 An Expression Signature of the Angiogenic Response in Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours: Correlation with Tumour Phenotype and Survival outcomes
Authors: D J Pinato, T M Tan, S Toloue-Kalami-Toussi, N Martin, R Ramachandran, K Meeran, R Dina, R Sharma
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (GEPNETs) are heterogeneous with respect to biologic behaviour and prognosis. Since angiogenesis is a renowned pathogenic hallmark as well as a therapeutic target, we aimed to investigate the prognostic and clinico-pathological role of tissue markers of hypoxia and angiogenesis in GEPNETs. <h3>Methods</h3> Tissue microarray (TMA) blocks were constructed with 86 tumours diagnosed from 1988 to 2010. TMA sections were immunostained for Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A), Carbonic Anhydrase IX (CaIX) and Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) 1 to 3 and Ki-67. Biomarker expression was correlated with clinico-pathological variables and tested for survival prediction using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. <h3>Results</h3> Eighty-six consecutive cases were included: 51% male, median age 51 (range 16–82), 68% presenting with a pancreatic primary, 95% well differentiated. Forty-four cases (51%) had distant metastases (liver 72%, lymph nodes 28%). Median tumour size was 3.0 cm (range 0.6–12.5). Vascular invasion and necrosis were present in 20 (23%) and 18 (21%) of the specimens. Median overall survival (OS) was 8.8 years (range 0.1–13.5). Overexpression of CaIX was observed in 10% of the specimens, VEGF-A in 78%, Hif-1α in 59%, SSTR1 in 17%, SSTR2 in 31% and SSTR3 in 1%. Ki-67 index was obtained in all cases and scored as G1 in 84%, G2 in 13% and G3 in 4%. SSTR2 overexpression was predominant in pancreatic NETs (p &lt; 0.01), whilst Hif-1α was predominant in non pancreatic NETs (p = 0.05). Higher Ki-67 labelling was associated with larger tumour size (p &lt; 0.001) and necrosis (p = 0.03). Overexpression of Hif-1α and VEGF-A correlated with the presence of liver metastases (p &lt; 0.001). Patients with Ki-67 count &gt; 1% (p = 0.02), high Hif-1α and low SSTR2 expression (p = 0.03) displayed significantly shorter OS times. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have identified a coherent expression signature by immunohistochemistry that can be used for patient stratification and to optimise treatment decisions in GEPNETs. Tumours with low proliferation index, preserved SSTR2 and low Hif-1α expression have an indolent phenotype and may be offered less aggressive management and less stringent follow up. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB0946 Anti-TNF treated psoriatic arthritis: Course of composite disease activity measures and clinical core domains:
Authors: R.P. Poggenborg, C. Wiell, S.J. Pedersen, I.J. Sørensen, O.R. Madsen, O. Slot, P. Bøyesen, M. Østergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis, and The Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) has defined clinical core domains for assessment of PsA. <h3>Objectives</h3> In an investigator-initiated trial to evaluate the clinical efficacy of adalimumab in patients with PsA assessed by the Psoriatic Arthritis Response Criteria (PsARC), the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) response rates, and clinical core domains defined by GRAPPA. <h3>Methods</h3> Anti-TNF-naïve PsA patients were included in a follow-up cohort study, with the following main inclusion criteria: PsA according to Moll and Wright criteria, ≥3 (of 76) swollen joints, ≥3 (of 78) tender joints, hand involvement (clinical swelling of ≥1 finger joint and/or ≥1 sausage finger), and clinical indication for anti-TNF therapy according to treating physician. Modified PsARC and ACR response rates were calculated. Last observation carried forward (LOCF) imputation was used for missing values at completed visits. <h3>Results</h3> Baseline characteristics of the 42 PsA patients were: 18 males/24 females, median (interquartile range) age 52 (41-64) years, joint disease duration 8.5 (5-15) years, and skin disease duration 23 (10-35) years. Disease activity parameters at baseline and week 24 were: high-sensitive CRP 4.62 (1.81-9.53) [week 24: 0.85 (0.66-2.88)*] mg/L, swollen joint count (SJC, 76) 8.5 (6-16) [w24: 0 (0-2)*], tender joint count (TJC, 78) 21.5 (11-41) [w24: 2(0-6)*], VAS pain 63 (49-74) [w24: 4 (17-34)] mm, VAS global 66 (49-78) [w24: 24 (6-44)*] mm, VAS physician 51 (41-65) [w24: 5 (2-12)] mm, HAQ-score 1.0 (0.4-1.5) [w24: 0.38 (0-0.88)], MASES 13-enthesis count 3 (0-6) [w24: 0 (0-6) NS], dactylitis count 0 (0-2) [w24: 0 (0-1) NS], sum NAPSI nail score 4 (0-31) [w24: 0 (0-6)*], physician's global assessment for psoriasis (PGA)-score 2 (1-3) [w24: 1 (0-1)*], body surface area affected by psoriasis (BSA) 1 (0.9-2) [w24 0.9 (0-1)*] %, quality of life EQ-5D score 0.655 (0.559-0.708) [w24: 0.776 (0.660-1.00)*], *all P The table shows the Intention-To-Treat (ITT), and Completer Analysis (CA) for PsARC and ACR-response rates. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Adalimumab therapy had a high clinical efficacy as assessed by PsARC and ACR response rates, and caused improvement in all clinical core domains. More than 2/3 had a significant PsARC-response already after 2 weeks, whereas high treatment responses (ACR50/70) were primarily seen later. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Confocal laser endomicroscopy for superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: H. Liu, Y. Li, T. Yu, Y. Zhao, J. Zhang, X. Zuo, C. Li, J. Zhang, Y. Guo, T. Zhang
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

See also: Commentaire de travail de H. Liu et al., pp. 99Endoscopy 2009; 41(02): 250-250DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1306726
Premature Atherosclerosis in Patients with Familial Chylomicronemia Caused by Mutations in the Lipoprotein Lipase Gene
Authors: Pascale Benlian, Jean Luc De Gennes, Luc Foubert, Hanfang Zhang, S. Eric Gagné, Michael Hayden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Patients with lipoprotein lipase deficiency usually present with chylomicronemia in childhood. The syndrome has been considered nonatherogenic primarily because of the low levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. We prospectively evaluated patients with lipoprotein lipase deficiency for atherosclerosis.Evidence of carotid, peripheral, and coronary atherosclerosis was sought in four patients (two men and two women) with the phenotype of familial chylomicronemia by clinical examination over a period of 14 to 30 years and by Doppler ultrasonography, B-mode ultrasonography [corrected], and exercise-tolerance testing after the age of 40. Angiography was performed when indicated. Lipoprotein lipase deficiency was assessed in vivo and in vitro by functional assays and DNA-sequence analysis.All four patients had a profound functional deficiency of lipoprotein lipase with a reduced enzymatic mass due to missense mutations on both alleles of the lipoprotein lipase gene. In all four patients, peripheral or coronary atherosclerosis (or both) was observed before the age of 55. Despite following a low-fat diet in which fat composed 10 to 15 percent of the daily caloric intake, the patients had hypertriglyceridemia (mean [+/- SD] triglyceride level, 2621 +/- 1112 mg per deciliter [29.59 +/- 12.55 mmol per liter]), low plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (17 +/- 7 mg per deciliter [0.43 +/- 0.18 mmol per liter]), and very low levels of LDL cholesterol (28 +/- 16 mg per deciliter [0.72 +/- 0.41 mmol per liter]). Three patients had one risk factor for atherosclerosis, whereas in one male patient, heavy smoking and diabetes were associated with an accelerated course of the disease.Premature atherosclerosis can occur in patients with familiar chylomicronemia as a result of mutations in the lipoprotein lipase gene. Defective lipolysis may increase susceptibility to atherosclerosis in humans.
Innate lymphoid cells contribute to allergic airway disease exacerbation by obesity
Authors: Laetitia Everaere, Saliha Ait-Yahia, Olivier Molendi-Coste, Han Vorng, Sandrine Quemener, Pauline LeVu, Sebastien Fleury, Emmanuel Bouchaert, Ying Fan, Catherine Duez, Patricia de Nadai, Bart Staels, David Dombrowicz, Anne Tsicopoulos
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Breast Cancer Prevention Study Initiated in Italy
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Breast Cancer Prevention Study Initiated in Italy Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 20, 21 October 1992, Pages 1555–1556, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.20.1555 Published: 21 October 1992
Predictors of long-term outcomes in patients treated with riociguat for pulmonary arterial hypertension: data from the PATENT-2 open-label, randomised, long-term extension trial
Authors: Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani, Friedrich Grimminger, Ekkehard Grünig, Yigao Huang, Pavel Jansa, Zhi-Cheng Jing, David Kilpatrick, David Langleben, Stephan Rosenkranz, Flavia Menezes, Arno Fritsch, Sylvia Nikkho, Marc Humbert
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2016)
A Comparison Between Two Imaging Techniques for the Diagnosis of Subacute Thyroiditis (De Quervain Thyroiditis)
Authors: Patricio González Espinoza, Claudio Liberman Guendelman, Lidya Nieves Quevedo Limón, Rodrigo Jaimovich Fernández
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Purpose: Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) or de Quervain thyroiditis is a relatively frequent and self-limited condition with a triphasic clinical course. Its symptoms can mimic other thyroid, upper respiratory, and ear infections. Thyroid ultrasonography (TUS), radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU), and thyroid scintigraphy (TS) may be used for differential diagnosis. To assess and compare the diagnostic value of thyroid TUS and TS in patients on the first phase of a clinically diagnosed SAT. Material and Methods: Twenty-two patients (18 women and 4 men, age, 37.2 ± 9.83 years) with clinical diagnosis of SAT were prospectively studied. Thyroid stimulating hormone, T3, free T4, antithyroperoxidase antibodies, thyroglobulin, polymerase chain reaction, complete blood count and differential, TUS, TS, and RAIU at 2 and 24 hours were performed. Results: All patients were on thyrotoxic phase with a thyroid stimulating hormone mean of 0.03 ± 0.030 mU/L (range: 0.005–0.13); antithyroperoxidase antibodies were positive in 3 patients (≥75 UI/mL); thyroglobulin was elevated in 16 patients (≥55 ng/mL). RAIU at 2 hours was 1.94% ± 0.85% (range: 1%–4%), and at 24 hours, 0.98% ± 1.24% (range: 0.10%–5%). TS showed low uptake in all patients. On TUS, only 8 patients were compatible with SAT. In 13 patients, TUS was consistent with goiter, diffuse type in 8, multinodular in 5, and normal in 1 patient. Conclusion: Low thyroid scan uptake with I-131 at 2 hours (<4%) and 24 hours (<5%), and poor thyroid visualization on TS seem to be more prevalent than focal distortion and heterogeneity in TUS in thyrotoxic phase of SAT.
Clinical Forms of Gonococcal Arthritis
Authors: Harold Keiser, Frederick L. Ruben, Emanuel Wolinsky, Irving Kushner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Of 30 patients with gonococcal arthritis seen between 1963 and 1967 the characteristic skin lesions of gonococcemia were noted in 15 and often served as an early clue to the diagnosis. Two clinical forms were observed. Patients with the septic form characteristically had, early in the course of their illness, chills and fever, polyarthritis, skin lesions of gonococcemia and relatively little joint effusion. Patients with the nonseptic form reported to a physician relatively late, generally did not have chills and fever and had monoarticular disease and joint effusions bacteriologically positive for gonococci. The response to antibiotic therapy was striking, and all patients recovered completely.
Scurvy presenting as hematochezia
Authors: William Palmer, Maria Vazquez-Roche
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 56-year-old woman was admitted because of hematochezia and normocytic anemia. Her previous medical history was notable for asthma and severe oropharyngeal dysphagia from a tight cricopharyngeus, which had been demonstrated on a modified barium swallow 6 months previously, occupying over 75 % of the lumen during deglutition. Physical examination was notable for hematochezia, along with innumerable purpuric macules, several small purpuric papules that were coalescing into plaques, and ecchymotic indurated patches involving the groin and both legs.
Parallel molecular evolution of deletions and nonsense mutations in bacteriophage T7
Authors: C. W. Cunningham, K. Jeng, J. Husti, M. Badgett, I. J. Molineux, D. M. Hillis, J. J. Bull
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

The extent to which identical evolutionary changes appear in closely related, independent lineages, a phenomenon known as parallel evolution, is a central question in evolutionary biology (Kimura 1983; Gould 1989). Inferring parallel evolution from extant lineages is instructive (e.g., Swanson et al. 1991; Doyle, Doyle, and Palmer 1995; Shyue et al. 1995), but may be misleading if rates are high enough to bias either the reconstruction of ancestral character states or reconstruction of the phylogeny itself (Felsenstein 1978, 1985). The surest way to detect parallel evolution is with experimental studies of microorganisms. Although previous studies of experimental evolution have documented parallel phenotypic changes, these changes have not generally been documented at the DNA sequence level (e.g. Dykhuizen 1990; Travisano et al. 1995). Phylogenies of bacteriophage T7 grown in the presence of a mutagen have proven to be an unusually flexible experimental system to evaluate phylogenetic methods (Hillis et al. 1992; Hillis, Huelsenbeck, and Cunningham 1994), and to study molecular evolution (Studier 1980; Bull et al. 1993). This system not only displays very rapid DNA sequence evolution, but allows the direct observation of ancestral states during the evolution of each lineage. Here we document a complex pattern of parallel evolution at the DNA sequence level. Our results suggest caution when reconstructing ancestral states of characters under directional selection, as well as caution against giving undue phylogenetic weight to insertion-deletion events. We serially propagated six bifurcating lineages of bacteriophage T7 in the presence of a mutagen according to an earlier protocol (fig. 1; Hillis et al. 1992). The lineages were bottlenecked to a single individual at each node shown in figure 1. This approach allowed the ancestral condition to be known with certainty at several points in the history of each lineage. Our analysis focused on DNA sequences from a region that, in wildtype phage, spans just over 2 kb and contains five genes 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 (Dunn and Studier 1983: DNA alignments deposited in EMBL. Aligned 0.3 sequences as DS 27 143, aligned 0.7 sequences as DS 27 142). Although our wild-type ancestral stock contained the entire 0.3-0.7 region, every lineage evolved a 1.5-kb deletion that fused the 0.3 and 0.7 genes. Nine independent deletions were observed, but seven of them had breakpoints identical to the previously characterized
Deuterium Isotope Effect on the Carcinogenicity of Dimethylnitrosamine in Rat Liver 2
Authors: Larry K. Keefer, William Lijinsky, Humberto Garcia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Deuterium Isotope Effect on the Carcinogenicity of Dimethylnitrosamine in Rat Liver Get access Larry K. Keefer, Larry K. Keefer The Eppley Institute lor Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William Lijinsky, William Lijinsky The Eppley Institute lor Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Humberto Garcia Humberto Garcia The Eppley Institute lor Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 1, July 1973, Pages 299–302, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.1.299 Published: 01 July 1973 Article history Received: 30 March 1973 Accepted: 11 April 1973 Published: 01 July 1973