tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A schizophreniform behavioral psychosis mediated by dopamine
Authors: D L Garver, R F Schlemmer, J W Maas, J M Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors conducted a study in which schizophrenic-like behavioral disturbances were induced in members of a macaque social colony by the chronic administration of d-amphetamine. Animals given the drug showed hypervigilance, hyperactivity, fragmented and repetitive behaviors, and progressive social withdrawal as well as the development of solitary stereotypies. The syndrome was dissected pharmacologically with alpha-methyl-para-tyrosine, chlorpromazine, pimozide, and haloperidol. Based on the behavioral findings and the known mechanisms of action of these drugs, the authors conclude that the major elements of the psychotic-like behavior induced by d-amphetamine were mediated by dopamine systems.
Hand-Made Loop Applied With Snare to Prevent Postpolypectomy Bleeding
Authors: D Marques Chaves, S Matuguma, P Sakai, S Penagos, S Ishioka
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Hemorrhage is the most common complication associated with resection of colorectal polyps. In large polyps specifically, the occurrence either during the procedure or afterwards as an early or late complication can be as high as 24 % overall [1]. To prevent postpolypectomy hemorrhage, we have devised a loop made of standard nylon fishing line which is applied using a polypectomy snare.
Effect on the Medium of Growth of Clone NCTC 929 Cells as Suspensions in Agitated Flasks With Simple Fluid Addition
Authors: B. B. Westfall, E. V. Peppers, J. C. Bryant, E. L. Schilling, W. R. Earle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

To test the practicality of simple fluid addition instead of fluid change, the cells from clone NCTC 929 of strain L of mouse fibroblast origin were grown in agitated suspension with continuous gas exchange. Increments of fresh medium were added to the used medium at stated intervals. In this fashion the volume of the supporting fluid was gradually increased with opportunity for accumulation in the medium of metabolic products from the cells. During 10 days the cells with the higher fluid increment and approximately 330 million cells for the inoculum grew up to 2.5× the inoculum. The 2 cultures getting the lower increment, but started with about 90 million cells, grew during 12 days up to 7× the inoculum. The populations of all 4 cultures then rapidly declined. A moderate amount of glucose was removed from the medium with comparatively little of it accumulating as lactic acid. Total free amino acids of the medium were increased after use of the medium by the cells. Only certain ones were responsible for this increase. So far as one may conclude from this series of experiments, simple fluid addition would not be a suitable procedure for long-term culture of the cells in agitated suspensions.
Scut
Authors: Diane Chang
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trilineage Perturbation of Hematopoiesis In Neonates with Down Syndrome
Authors: Alice Norton, Georgina Hall, Helen Richmond, Anindita Roy, Gillian Cowan, Kate Alford, Keelin O'Donoghue, Oliver Tunstall, Aristeidis Chaidos, Anastasios Karadimitris, Paresh Vyas, Irene Roberts
Journal: Blood (2010)
Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 With Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease, From the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study
Authors: Rupal Mehta, Xuan Cai, Jungwha Lee, Julia J. Scialla, Nisha Bansal, James H. Sondheimer, Jing Chen, L. Lee Hamm, Ana C. Ricardo, Sankar D. Navaneethan, Rajat Deo, Mahboob Rahman, Harold I. Feldman, Alan S. Go, Tamara Isakova, Myles Wolf
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are elevated in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and strongly associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, and death. Whether FGF23 is an independent risk factor for atrial fibrillation in CKD is unknown. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate the association of FGF23 with atrial fibrillation in CKD. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Prospective cohort study of 3876 individuals with mild to severe CKD who enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Study between June 19, 2003, and September 3, 2008, and were followed up through March 31, 2013. <h3>Exposures</h3> Baseline plasma FGF23 levels. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Prevalent and incident atrial fibrillation. <h3>Results</h3> The study cohort comprised 3876 participants. Their mean (SD) age was 57.7 (11.0) years, and 44.8% (1736 of 3876) were female. Elevated FGF23 levels were independently associated with increased odds of prevalent atrial fibrillation (n = 660) after adjustment for cardiovascular and CKD-specific factors (odds ratio of highest vs lowest FGF23 quartile, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.69-3.13;<i>P</i> &lt; .001 for linear trend across quartiles). During a median follow-up of 7.6 years (interquartile range, 6.3-8.6 years), 247 of the 3216 participants who were at risk developed incident atrial fibrillation (11.9 events per 1000 person-years). In fully adjusted models, elevated FGF23 was independently associated with increased risk of incident atrial fibrillation after adjustment for demographic, cardiovascular, and CKD-specific factors, and other markers of mineral metabolism (hazard ratio of highest vs lowest FGF23 quartile, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.00-2.53;<i>P</i> = .02 for linear trend across quartiles). The results were unchanged when further adjusted for ejection fraction, but individual adjustments for left ventricular mass index, left atrial area, and interim heart failure events partially attenuated the association of elevated FGF23 with incident atrial fibrillation. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Elevated FGF23 is independently associated with prevalent and incident atrial fibrillation in patients with mild to severe CKD. The effect may be partially mediated through a diastolic dysfunction pathway that includes left ventricular hypertrophy, atrial enlargement, and heart failure events.
Lynch Syndrome Testing
Authors: Boris Pasche, Michael J. Pennison, Barry DeYoung
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
What does ‘preventive training’ prevent in competitive sport?
Authors: Per Bo Mahler, Boris Gojanovic, François Fourchet, Finn Mahler
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

We have just returned from Barcelona's ECOSEP and MuscleTech Network conference, where we had the opportunity to listen to some of the world's foremost experts on tendon and muscle injury, and to sit in the Camp Nou stadium, where some of the world's best footballers play.

It is to be expected, considering the value of the players and the budget of this club, that injury prevention is a priority and that the very best of evidence is implemented.

One of the presentations was on FC Barcelona's ‘preventive training’, where we heard an excellent talk on a series of practices encompassing strengthening, mobility drills, agility and proprioception in the hope of preventing injuries.

It is intriguing that this part of the football practice is called ‘preventive training’, considering that no decrease in the number of injuries over time could be presented for FC Barcelona. This concurs with what is observed in most other elite clubs, where …
Randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase III study of eribulin versus dacarbazine in patients (pts) with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) and adipocytic sarcoma (ADI).
Authors: Patrick Schöffski, Robert G. Maki, Antoine Italiano, Hans Gelderblom, Giovanni Grignani, Veridiana Pires De Camargo, Sebastian Bauer, Sun Young Rha, Sant P. Chawla, Jean-Yves Blay, Peter Hohenberger, David R. D'Adamo, Benjamin Wang, Bartosz Chmielowski, Axel Le Cesne, George D. Demetri, Shreyaskumar Patel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

LBA10502 Background: In a phase II study of pts with advanced soft tissue sarcoma, 32% and 47% of pts with LMS and ADI respectively, treated with the microtubule dynamics inhibitor eribulin achieved progression-free survival (PFS) at the 12 wk timepoint (Schöffski et al. Lancet Oncol. 2011; NCT00413192). Based on these findings, this phase III study (NCT01327885) compared overall survival (OS) in pts with advanced LMS and ADI treated with eribulin or dacarbazine. Methods: Pts aged ≥ 18 yrs with advanced high/intermediate grade LMS or dedifferentiated, myxoid, round cell or pleomorphic variants of ADI incurable by surgery and/or radiotherapy were enrolled. Pts had ECOG status ≤ 2 and had received ≥ 2 standard systemic treatment regimens including an anthracycline. Pts were randomized 1:1 to eribulin (1.4 mg/m 2 , IV on D1 and D8) or dacarbazine (850–1200 mg/m 2 , IV on D1) every 21 days until disease progression. Primary endpoint was OS. Secondary endpoints included PFS, PFS rate at Wk 12 and safety. Results: Overall, 452 pts (67% female; 79% &lt; 65 yrs) were randomized (228 eribulin; 224 dacarbazine). Median OS for eribulin and dacarbazine was 13.5 and 11.5 months, respectively (HR = 0.768, 95% CI 0.618–0.954; P= 0.017). PFS was 2.6 months in both arms (HR = 0.877, 95% CI 0.710–1.085; P= 0.229). PFS rate at Wk 12 was 33% and 29% for eribulin and dacarbazine, respectively. In eribulin and dacarbazine arms, respectively, 26% and 14% of pts required dose reductions and 8% and 5% discontinued due to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). TEAEs were more frequent in eribulin than dacarbazine arm, including neutropenia (44% vs 24%), pyrexia (28% vs 14%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (20% vs 4%) and alopecia (35% vs. 3%); as were TEAEs of grade 3 (63% vs 53%), grade 4 (26% vs 20%), and fatal TEAEs (4% vs 1%). Thrombocytopenia was more frequent in dacarbazine than eribulin arm (28% vs 6%). Conclusions: This phase III trial of eribulin trial met its primary objective of OS benefit in pretreated pts with advanced LMS or ADI. Eribulin had a toxicity profile consistent with prior experience, with no unexpected or new safety findings. Funding Source: Eisai Inc. Clinical trial information: NCT01327885.
Presence of antibodies but no evidence for circulation of MERS-CoV in dromedaries on the Canary Islands, 2015
Authors: Carlos Gutiérrez, María Teresa Tejedor-Junco, Margarita González, Erik Lattwein, Stefanie Renneker
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

In 2012, a new betacoronavirus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), was identified in humans. Several studies confirmed dromedary camels to be a potential reservoir and a source for human infection. Camels located on the Canary Islands were included in those studies and ca 10% of them were positive for MERS-CoV-specific antibodies. However, these findings could not be correctly interpreted because epidemiological information was not provided. Thus, further investigations were necessary to clarify these results. A total of 170 camels were investigated in this survey, of which seven (4.1%) were seropositive by ELISA. Epidemiological information revealed that all seropositive camels had been imported from Africa 20 or more years prior. We conclude that seropositive camels had contact with MERS-CoV in Africa and that there is no shedding of the virus among camels or people around the farms on the Canary Islands. However, the presence of antibodies in the camel herds should be monitored.
Widespread parainflammation in human cancer
Authors: Dvir Aran, Audrey Lasry, Adar Zinger, Moshe Biton, Eli Pikarsky, Asaf Hellman, Atul J. Butte, Yinon Ben-Neriah
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

Chronic inflammation has been recognized as one of the hallmarks of cancer. We recently showed that parainflammation, a unique variant of inflammation between homeostasis and chronic inflammation, strongly promotes mouse gut tumorigenesis upon p53 loss. Here we explore the prevalence of parainflammation in human cancer and determine its relationship to certain molecular and clinical parameters affecting treatment and prognosis.We generated a transcriptome signature to identify parainflammation in many primary human tumors and carcinoma cell lines as distinct from their normal tissue counterparts and the tumor microenvironment and show that parainflammation-positive tumors are enriched for p53 mutations and associated with poor prognosis. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment suppresses parainflammation in both murine and human cancers, possibly explaining a protective effect of NSAIDs against cancer.We conclude that parainflammation, a low-grade form of inflammation, is widely prevalent in human cancer, particularly in cancer types commonly harboring p53 mutations. Our data suggest that parainflammation may be a driver for p53 mutagenesis and a guide for cancer prevention by NSAID treatment.
PD-013 Final survival results of a multicenter phase I/II study of TAS-102 with bevacizumab for metastatic colorectal cancer patients refractory to standard therapies (C-TASK FORCE)
Authors: T. Yoshino, Y. Kuboki, T. Nishina, E. Shinozaki, K. Yamazaki, K. Shitara, W. Okamoto, T. Kajiwara, T. Matsumoto, T. Tsushima, N. Mochizuki, M. Fukutani, M. Nakamoto, H. Hasegawa, A. Sugama, S. Nomura, A. Sato, A. Ohtsu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Association of left-handedness with ventricle size and neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia
Authors: J Katsanis, W G Iacono
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Left-handed schizophrenic patients showed lateral ventricular enlargement and generally poorer performance on intelligence and neuropsychological tests compared with right-handed schizophrenic patients. These results suggest that left-handed schizophrenic patients have more cerebral dysfunction than right-handed schizophrenic patients.
Cholinergic influences in tardive dyskinesia
Authors: C A Tamminga, R C Smith, S E Ericksen, S Chang, J M Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors conducted placebo-controlled double-blind studies of physostigmine, choline, and deanol in 12 patients with tardive dyskinesia. Physostigmine and choline both had a positive therapeutic effect on tardive dyskinesia, but the authors note that interpretation of these results is not entirely clear because they found that the sedation effect of physostigmine may nonspecifically reduce the intensity of tardive dyskinesia symptoms. Deanol was not found to be effective in this group of patients; the authors suggest that this drug should not be assumed to be generally effective unless effectiveness is verified by a large placebo-controlled double-blind study.
Considering Bone Marrow Blasts From Nonerythroid Cellularity Improves the Prognostic Evaluation of Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Leonor Arenillas, Xavier Calvo, Elisa Luño, Leonor Senent, Esther Alonso, Fernando Ramos, María Teresa Ardanaz, Carme Pedro, Mar Tormo, Víctor Marco, Julia Montoro, María Díez-Campelo, Salut Brunet, Beatriz Arrizabalaga, Blanca Xicoy, Rafael Andreu, Santiago Bonanad, Andrés Jerez, Benet Nomdedeu, Ana Ferrer, Guillermo F. Sanz, Lourdes Florensa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

WHO classification of myeloid malignancies is based mainly on the percentage of bone marrow (BM) blasts. This is considered from total nucleated cells (TNCs), unless there is erythroid-hyperplasia (erythroblasts ≥ 50%), calculated from nonerythroid cells (NECs). In these instances, when BM blasts are ≥ 20%, the disorder is classified as erythroleukemia, and when BM blasts are < 20%, as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). In the latter, the percentage of blasts is considered from TNCs.We assessed the percentage of BM blasts from TNCs and NECs in 3,692 patients with MDS from the Grupo Español de Síndromes Mielodisplásicos, 465 patients with erythroid hyperplasia (MDS-E) and 3,227 patients without erythroid hyperplasia. We evaluated the relevance of both quantifications on classification and prognostication.By enumerating blasts systematically from NECs, 22% of patients with MDS-E and 12% with MDS from the whole series diagnosed within WHO categories with < 5% BM blasts, were reclassified into higher-risk categories and showed a poorer overall survival than did those who remained in initial categories (P = .006 and P = .001, respectively). Following WHO recommendations, refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB)-2 diagnosis is not possible in MDS-E, as patients with 10% to < 20% BM blasts from TNCs fulfill erythroleukemia criteria; however, by considering blasts from NECs, 72 patients were recoded as RAEB-2 and showed an inferior overall survival than did patients with RAEB-1 without erythroid hyperplasia. Recalculating the International Prognostic Scoring System by enumerating blasts from NECs in MDS-E and in the overall MDS population reclassified approximately 9% of lower-risk patients into higher-risk categories, which indicated the survival expected for higher-risk patients.Regardless of the presence of erythroid hyperplasia, calculating the percentage of BM blasts from NECs improves prognostic assessment of MDS. This fact should be considered in future WHO classification reviews.
The NSL Chromatin-Modifying Complex Subunit KANSL2 Regulates Cancer Stem–like Properties in Glioblastoma That Contribute to Tumorigenesis
Authors: Nazarena E. Ferreyra Solari, Fiorella S. Belforte, Lucía Canedo, Guillermo A. Videla-Richardson, Joaquín M. Espinosa, Mario Rossi, Eva Serna, Miguel A. Riudavets, Horacio Martinetto, Gustavo Sevlever, Carolina Perez-Castro
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract KANSL2 is an integral subunit of the nonspecific lethal (NSL) chromatin-modifying complex that contributes to epigenetic programs in embryonic stem cells. In this study, we report a role for KANSL2 in regulation of stemness in glioblastoma (GBM), which is characterized by heterogeneous tumor stem–like cells associated with therapy resistance and disease relapse. KANSL2 expression is upregulated in cancer cells, mainly at perivascular regions of tumors. RNAi-mediated silencing of KANSL2 in GBM cells impairs their tumorigenic capacity in mouse xenograft models. In clinical specimens, we found that expression levels of KANSL2 correlate with stemness markers in GBM stem–like cell populations. Mechanistic investigations showed that KANSL2 regulates cell self-renewal, which correlates with effects on expression of the stemness transcription factor POU5F1. RNAi-mediated silencing of POU5F1 reduced KANSL2 levels, linking these two genes to stemness control in GBM cells. Together, our findings indicate that KANSL2 acts to regulate the stem cell population in GBM, defining it as a candidate GBM biomarker for clinical use. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5383–94. ©2016 AACR.
Quality of life and satisfaction with care in caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: Results from a trial of early palliative care.
Authors: Julie Clare McDonald, Nadia Swami, Breffni Hannon, Ashley Pope, Lisa W Le, Amit M. Oza, Natasha B. Leighl, Ian Tannock, Monika K. Kryzanowska, Gary Rodin, Camilla Zimmermann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9513 Background: Early palliative care has been shown to improve the quality of life (QOL) and satisfaction with care of patients with advanced cancer, but little is known about its effects on family caregivers. Here we report secondary outcomes of caregiver QOL and satisfaction with care from a cluster-randomized controlled trial of early palliative care. Methods: 461 patients with advanced cancer were recruited from 24 medical oncology clinics at Princess Margaret Cancer Center between December 2006 and February 2011 to participate in a cluster-RCT of early palliative care versus standard care (Zimmermann, C et al. Early palliative care for patients with advanced cancer: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Lancet 2014;383:1721-30). The primary caregivers identified by these patients were approached for participation if they were ≥ 18 years of age and had sufficient English proficiency. Consenting caregivers (N = 182) completed validated measures at baseline and monthly for 4 months, assessing QOL (Caregiver QOL-Cancer [CQOLC] and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form [SF-36v2]), and satisfaction with care (FAMCARE). A random effect mixed-model was used to evaluate change of QOL and satisfaction with care over time; all analyses were by intention to treat. Results: 182 caregivers completed baseline measures (94 intervention, 88 control); 151 completed at least one follow-up assessment. Over the 4-month period of the study, there was no significant improvement in QOL scores in the intervention group compared to the control group for the CQOLC (p = 0.53), SF-36 physical component summary (p = 0.27), or SF-36 mental component summary (p = 0.58). Satisfaction with care improved significantly in the intervention compared to the control group (p = 0.01). Conclusions: In this study, early palliative care involvement increased caregivers' satisfaction with care but not their QOL. An intervention tailored specifically for caregivers may be required to have a substantial impact on caregiver QOL. Clinical trial information: NCT01248624.