tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Moving foward and beyond the standard through a non-operative management in rectal cancer? Our watch and wait approach experience in Co-Recto.
Authors: Ilma Soledad Iseas, Marcela Carballido, Mariana Coraglio, Fabio Leiro, Adriana Dieguez, Martin Eleta, Romina Bianchi, Cintia Bertoncini, Guillermo Ariel Mendez, Mario Edmundo Barugel, Enrique Luis Roca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

3561 Background: Controversies exist about the proper management of pts with clinical complete tumor regression after preoperative therapy. A non-operative management (NOM) of selected patients has achieved promising long-term outcomes in some Watch and Wait (W&W) series. Regardless of encouraging results, and in spite of being a readily accepted strategy by patients, reluctance to recommend this strategy as an affordable option still exists in rectal cancer guidelines. Our aim is to evaluate the NOM for pts with clinical complete response discussed in Co-Recto( interdisciplinary and cooperative team for the Management of rectal cancer) Argentina Methods: Pts with resectable rectal cancer (stage I-III) selected for neoadjuvant therapy in Co-Recto between 2008-2014 were retrospectively reviewed to determine pts with clinical complete response(cCR) selected for Non operative management. cCR was defined between digital exam, endoscopic criteria, MRI and CEA. F-up for W&W policy was performed during the first two years with MRI and EUS three-monthly and CT six-monthly. Results: 32pts with cCR were included. Initial staging was performed by MR ( 30/32, 94%) and EUS(6/32, 19%). 40.5% (12/32) were T2-T3ab N0; 59.5% (19/32 were T3c/d-T4, N+ and 49% (16/32) had CRM+. Median distance from anal verge was 30mm . Involvement into/beyond the elevator muscle: 34%(11/32) . CRT consisted of long-course RT (50.4 Gy) with capecitabine (825 mg/m2 bod for 7 d/w). Induction chemotherapy (CAPOX) was administered in 37.5% followed by CRT. Response assessment was done at 7 w (5-12w). Adjuvant therapy was administered in 18%. LR was observed in 3/32 pts (9%) within the rectal wall. 2/3 a mesorrectal nodal recurrence without endoluminal recurrence, 1/3 had endoluminal component. All feasible of salvage resection. PFS was 36 m(25-49m) Distant metastases and extrarectal pelvic recurrence weren´t observed in any case. After fup of 40 m (8-66m), no deaths occurred. Conclusions: a NOM with a close fup was a feasible approach, had optimal outcome avoiding surgical functional sequelae. To mitigate the remaining skepticism about W&W, collaborative randomized trials should be implemented.
Intermittent Androgen Deprivation
Authors: Maha Hussain, Mario Eisenberger
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
P0289 : Evolution analysis by deep sequencing revealed high impact of the mitochondrial genome in hepatocellular carcinoma initiation and progression
Authors: W. Amer, A. Quass, U. Drebber, H. Eischeid, U. Koitzsch, A. Arens, C. Vollbrecht, R. Büttner, M. Odenthal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Are HER2-positive breast cancer and BRCA mutation-associated breast cancer mutually exclusive diseases? Evidence from the Mayo Clinic Arizona Cohort.
Authors: D. L. Maynes, K. S. Hunt, B. A. Pockaj, R. J. Gray, W. P. Tong, M. R. Bothe, A. C. Dueck, D. W. Northfelt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e21075 Background: BRCA mutations increase the risk for breast cancer. Breast cancers with HER2-overexpression/amplification (HER2+) have a more aggressive natural history and are responsive to HER2-directed therapies. Limited data from case series suggest that cancers in women with BRCA mutations typically are not HER2+. Gene expression analyses suggest that BRCA-associated and HER2+ cancers are distinct entities. To confirm this distinction, we sought to determine the frequency of HER2+ breast cancer associated with BRCA mutations in a large well-characterized cohort of patients with resected breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective medical records review was performed evaluating consecutive cases of operable breast cancer in the Mayo Clinic Arizona surgical cohort from March 1998 through August 2009. HER2- expression/amplification status and ER/PR status of cancers and BRCA mutation status of patients, all obtained by routine clinical methodology, were abstracted. Results: BRCA mutation testing was performed in 132/1733 patients undergoing surgery for localized breast cancer between 3/1998 and 8/2009. Of those tested, 12 had BRCA mutations (7 BRCA1 mutations, 5 BRCA2 mutations) of which none (0%; 95% CI 0%-25%) had HER2+ cancers. Of 120 genetically tested patients without BRCA mutation, 23 (19.2%; 95% CI 13%-26%) had HER2+ cancers. Tumor marker status of these cancers included 5 ER+ (41.7%) all with BRCA2 mutations and 7 ER-/PR-/HER2 normal (58.3%) all with BRCA1 mutations. Conclusions: HER2+ cancer is uncommon in patients with BRCA mutation-associated cancers. Pending confirmation in other cohorts, evaluation of other tumor markers may become more important than HER2 in BRCA mutation-associated cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport
Authors: Margo Mountjoy, Celia Brackenridge, Malia Arrington, Cheri Blauwet, Andrea Carska-Sheppard, Kari Fasting, Sandra Kirby, Trisha Leahy, Saul Marks, Kathy Martin, Katherine Starr, Anne Tiivas, Richard Budgett
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Despite the well-recognised benefits of sport, there are also negative influences on athlete health, well-being and integrity caused by non-accidental violence through harassment and abuse. All athletes have a right to engage in ‘safe sport’, defined as an athletic environment that is respectful, equitable and free from all forms of non-accidental violence to athletes. Yet, these issues represent a blind spot for many sport organisations through fear of reputational damage, ignorance, silence or collusion. This consensus statement extends the 2007 IOC Consensus Statement on Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport, presenting additional evidence of several other types of harassment and abuse—psychological, physical and neglect. All ages and types of athletes are susceptible to these problems but science confirms that elite, disabled, child and lesbian/gay/bisexual/trans-sexual (LGBT) athletes are at highest risk, that psychological abuse is at the core of all other forms and that athletes can also be perpetrators. Harassment and abuse arise from prejudices expressed through power differences. Perpetrators use a range of interpersonal mechanisms including contact, non-contact/verbal, cyber-based, negligence, bullying and hazing. Attention is paid to the particular risks facing child athletes, athletes with a disability and LGBT athletes. Impacts on the individual athlete and the organisation are discussed. Sport stakeholders are encouraged to consider the wider social parameters of these issues, including cultures of secrecy and deference that too often facilitate abuse, rather than focusing simply on psychopathological causes. The promotion of safe sport is an urgent task and part of the broader international imperative for good governance in sport. A systematic multiagency approach to prevention is most effective, involving athletes, entourage members, sport managers, medical and therapeutic practitioners, educators and criminal justice agencies. Structural and cultural remedies, as well as practical recommendations, are suggested for sport organisations, athletes, sports medicine and allied disciplines, sport scientists and researchers. The successful prevention and eradication of abuse and harassment against athletes rests on the effectiveness of leadership by the major international and national sport organisations.
Chute de l'incidence de la coqueluche après la réintroduction de la vaccination contre la coqueluche en Suède
Authors: P Olin, H O Hallander
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

En Suede, la vaccination contre la coqueluche avec un vaccin coquelucheux acellulaire chez les enfants âges de 3, 5 et 12 mois a ete introduite dans le programme vaccinal en janvier 1996, soit 17 ans apres le retrait du vaccin a germes entiers en 1979 (1). En quelques mois, la couverture vaccinale avait atteint au moins 95%, principalement avec un vaccin coquelucheux a trois antigenes, associe au vaccin diphterie-tetanos (DTCoq). A leur initiative, certaines regions utilisaient le vaccin coquelucheux acellulaire a trois antigenes pour les enfants plus âges d’âge prescolaire. Dans la region de Goteborg et ses environs, une campagne de rattrapage avec un vaccin coquelucheux a un seul antigene a debute dans le cadre d’essais cliniques (2).
Support for physical activity among young cancer survivors.
Authors: Pamela Kim Washington
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

177 Background: There is strong evidence that physical activity mitigates negative psychosocial effects and sequelae associated with adjuvant chemotherapy among cancer survivors. Given the many benefits of physical activity in this population, it is important to understand the factors that influence continued participation post diagnosis. One possible determinant that has received little attention to date is the influence of social support. This study is unique in that it is the first to explore the role of social support for physical activity among young survivors of breast cancer through the use of mixed methods. Methods: Survey data (n = 273) were used to determine actual levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity. These data were subsequently used to identify women of interest to participate in face-to-face qualitative interviews. Semi-structured interviews (n = 31) were conducted with a subset of women from the quantitative sample. Participants were Bay Area women who were age 55 or less and premenopausal at the time of diagnosis and who also received adjuvant chemotherapy. Following qualitative analyses, hypotheses were developed to test the association between social support and obtaining recommended levels of physical activity through the use of logistic regression analyses using a sample of 273 women. Results: Qualitative analyses indicated that women who have a partner with whom they engage in physical activity are more likely to adopt and maintain physical activity behaviors over time. Regression analyses provide evidence that women who have support specifically for physical activity are more likely to meet recommended activity guidelines (b = .030, OR = 1.030 per unit of scale, p = .003, C.I. = 1.01 – 1.05). Conclusions: When considering correlates of physical activity, social support specific to physical activity may be important or even pivotal in assisting survivors to adopt and/or maintain participation in a given activity at recommended levels.
P90 Outcomes of cadaveric split liver transplantation for hepatitis C infected patients. A single centre cohort
Authors: M Al-Freah, M A BAl-Freah
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  Concern exist as to the outcome of patients with liver cirrhosis secondary to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection who receive split liver transplantation (SLT).  Aim  To determine the graft and patient outcomes following SLT and to identify factors that influence outcome.  Method  Retrospective study of all adults transplanted for HCV cirrhosis at our centre from 2000 to 2008.  Results  Of 1284 patients, 242 were transplanted for HCV. 19 were excluded because of re-transplantation and 11 excluded as they received living donor grafts. Of the remaining 212, 21 received cadaveric SLT and 191 received whole liver grafts (WLT). Median age was 52 years (IQR 47–59). Men comprised 80%. No significant difference found in age, gender, serum Na and HCC between SLT and WLT groups (p=NS). However, there was significant difference in median transplant MELD between SLT, 11 (IQR 5.8) and WLT 14 (IQR 6.7, p=0.047). Virological and/or histological recurrence in graft (any fibrosis) was confirmed in 18/21 (86%). There was no significant difference in post-LT RNA between SLT & WLT (p=0.117) within 6 months of transplant. Median ICU stay was 3 days (IQR 2–5) and median hospital stay was 20 days (IQR 14–33). There was no significant difference in ICU or hospital stay between groups (p=NS). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant difference in patient (Log rank=1.74, p=0.187) or graft (Log rank=2.47, p=0.12) survival in SLT vs WLT with median follow-up of 3.28 years (IQR 1.17–6.05). Univariate analysis revealed that recipient gender, donor risk index >1.7, donor age, height, BMI>25, cold ischaemia time (CIT) >10 h and graft steatosis were significant factors in relation to outcome. On multivariate analysis, only recipient gender (HR 0.142, p=0.001), donor age (HR 0.944, p=0.008), donor BMI >25 (HR 0.276, p=0.015) and CIT >10 hours (HR 0.218, p=0.004) remained significant. There was no significant difference in patient survival for SLT in HCV+/HCV- patients. However, graft survival was significantly improved in HCV+ patients (Log rank 4.12, p=0.042). Recipient gender (male 82% of HCV+, p=0.0001), HCC (54% of HCV+, p=0.0001) and mean MELD (HCV+ 11, HCV− 14, p=0.006) were significantly different. Donor variables were not significantly different.  Conclusion  In our cohort, SLT for HCV+ patients provides a good alternative to WLT with comparable outcomes. Recipient selection accounted for improved graft outcomes for HCV+ group.
Risk Factors for Early Death After Rituximab-Based Immunochemotherapy in Older Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Adam J. Olszewski, Kalyan C. Mantripragada, Jorge J. Castillo
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Older patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are at risk of severe chemotherapy-related morbidity and mortality. Our objective was to quantify the risk and identify factors associated with death during the first cycle of immunochemotherapy in this population.Using Medicare claims linked to the population-based SEER registry (SEER-Medicare), we studied patients with DLBCL aged 65 years and older who received immunochemotherapy containing rituximab, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine, in combination with doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, or etoposide in 2003-2012. Risk factors for death and hospitalization within the first 30 days of treatment were studied in multivariable logistic regression models.We identified 5,530 patients with a median age of 76 years, of whom 94% received doxorubicin-containing immunochemotherapy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was administered to 66% of patients during the first treatment cycle. Cumulative incidence of death at day 30 was 2.2%. The risk was significantly higher in patients aged 75 years and older and those who had B symptoms, chronic kidney disease, poor functional status, use of walking aids or wheelchairs, and prior hospitalization or upper endoscopy. The group with 0 to 1 risk factors (56% of patients) had a very low (0.6%) risk of early death, whereas the group with 4 or more risk factors (6% of patients) had a risk of 8.3%. Receipt of G-CSF was associated with a lower probability of early death in the high-risk group. The incidence of hospitalization within the first 30 days was 23.5%, peaking at day 8 of the cycle.Among older patients with DLBCL who receive contemporary immunochemotherapy, 1 in 45 die during the first month of treatment, and 1 in 4 are hospitalized. Factors identifiable from administrative/electronic records can stratify this risk and could be incorporated into decision support tools. Prophylactic G-CSF is not administered to more than one-third of patients, indicating an opportunity for improved preventive interventions.
Nucleophosmin Gene Mutations Are Predictors of Favourable Prognosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with a Normal Kayotype and Can Be Used as a New Marker for Quantitative PCR To Detect Minimal Residual Disease.
Authors: Susanne Schnittger, Claudia Schoch, Wolfgang Kern, Christina Mecucci, Claudia Tschulik, Massimo F. Martelli, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Torsten Haferlach, Brunangelo Falini
Journal: Blood (2005)
The Potential of Radiomic-Based Phenotyping in Precision Medicine
Authors: Hugo J. W. L. Aerts
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Advances in genomics have led to the recognition that tumors are populated by distinct genotypic subgroups that drive tumor development and progression. The spatial and temporal heterogeneity of solid tumors has been a critical barrier to the development of precision medicine approaches because the standard approach to tumor sampling, often invasive needle biopsy, is unable to fully capture the spatial state of the tumor. Image-based phenotyping, which represents quantification of the tumor phenotype through medical imaging, is a promising development for precision medicine. <h3>Observations</h3> Medical imaging can provide a comprehensive macroscopic picture of the tumor phenotype and its environment that is ideally suited to quantifying the development of the tumor phenotype before, during, and after treatment. As a noninvasive technique, medical imaging can be performed at low risk and inconvenience to the patient. The semantic features approach to tumor phenotyping, accomplished by visual assessment of radiologists, is compared with a computational radiomics approach that relies on automated processing of imaging assays. Together, these approaches capture important information for diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive purposes. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Although imaging technology is already embedded in clinical practice for diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and response assessment, the transition of these computational methods to the clinic has been surprisingly slow. This review outlines the promise of these novel technologies for precision medicine and the obstacles to clinical application.
A Case of Nasal Merkel Cell Carcinoma Draining to a Buccinator Sentinel Lymph Node
Authors: Mohammed S. Bermo, Alan Leung, Fatemeh Behnia
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 73-year-old man diagnosed with Merkel cell carcinoma of the left nasal ala was referred for preoperative scintigraphic sentinel lymph node mapping. In three separate foci around the lesion, 0.2 mCi of Tc-sulfur colloid was intradermally administered. Planar images demonstrated accumulation of tracer midway between the nose and left ear. SPECT/CT images localized radiotracer uptake to the left buccinator/buccal space, consistent with a buccinator lymph node, which is an inconsistent part of the facial lymphatic drainage. This case illustrates the added value of SPECT/CT and 3D reconstruction in sentinel lymph node localization, particularly in the head and neck.
Cathepsin L is crucial for the development of early experimental diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Marjolein Garsen, Angelique L.W.M.M. Rops, Henry Dijkman, Brigith Willemsen, Toin H. van Kuppevelt, Frans G. Russel, Ton J. Rabelink, Jo H.M. Berden, Thomas Reinheckel, Johan van der Vlag
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
L’endomicroscopie confocale: une nouvelle méthode pour prédire la rechute de maladie de Crohn
Authors: E Coron
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

L’endomicroscopie (EMC) est un outil capable de caractériser l’état de la barrière épithéliale intestinale au cours d’une iléocoloscopie. En particulier, elle peut montrer la présence d’anomalies morphologiques et fonctionnelles associées à différents états inflammatoires. A l’heure où certaines études suggèrent son intérêt potentiel pour prédire la survenue de rechutes au cours de la rectocolite hémorragique, très peu de données sont disponibles en ce qui concerne la maladie de Crohn.
Asynchrony index in pressure support ventilation (PSV) versus neurally adjusted ventilator assist (NAVA) during non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for respiratory failure: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Inderpaul Singh Sehgal, Sahajal Dhooria, Ashutosh Nath Aggarwal, Digambar Behera, Ritesh Agarwal
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2016)
Association of Noninvasive Ventilation Strategies With Mortality and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Among Preterm Infants
Authors: Tetsuya Isayama, Hiroko Iwami, Sarah McDonald, Joseph Beyene
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Various noninvasive ventilation strategies are used to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) of preterm infants; however, the best mode is uncertain.To compare 7 ventilation strategies for preterm infants including nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) alone, intubation and surfactant administration followed by immediate extubation (INSURE), less invasive surfactant administration (LISA), noninvasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation, nebulized surfactant administration, surfactant administration via laryngeal mask airway, and mechanical ventilation.MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane CENTRAL from their inceptions to June 2016.Randomized clinical trials comparing ventilation strategies for infants younger than 33 weeks' gestational age within 24 hours of birth who had not been intubated.Data were independently extracted by 2 reviewers and synthesized with Bayesian random-effects network meta-analyses.A composite of death or BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age was the primary outcome. Death, BPD, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and air leak by discharge were the main secondary outcomes.Among 5598 infants involved in 30 trials, the incidence of the primary outcome was 33% (1665 of 4987; including 505 deaths and 1160 cases of BPD). The secondary outcomes ranged from 6% (314 of 5587) for air leak to 26% (1160 of 4455) for BPD . Compared with mechanical ventilation, LISA had a lower odds of the primary outcome (odds ratio [OR], 0.49; 95% credible interval [CrI], 0.30-0.79; absolute risk difference [RD], 164 fewer per 1000 infants; 57-253 fewer per 1000 infants; moderate quality of evidence), BPD(OR, 0.53; 95% CrI, 0.27-0.96; absolute RD, 133 fewer per 1000 infants; 95% CrI, 9-234 fewer per 1000 infants; moderate-quality), and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (OR, 0.44; 95% CrI, 0.19-0.99; absolute RD, 58 fewer per 1000 births; 95% CrI, 1-86 fewer per 1000 births; moderate-quality). Compared with nasal CPAP alone, LISA had a lower odds of the primary outcome (OR, 0.58; 95% CrI, 0.35-0.93; absolute RD, 112 fewer per 1000 births; 95% CrI, 16-190 fewer per 1000 births; moderate quality), and air leak (OR, 0.24; 95% CrI, 0.05-0.96; absolute RD, 47 fewer per 1000 births; 95% CrI, 2-59 fewer per 1000 births; very low quality). Ranking probabilities indicated that LISA was the best strategy with a surface under the cumulative ranking curve of 0.85 to 0.94, but this finding was not robust for death when limited to higher-quality evidence.Among preterm infants, the use of LISA was associated with the lowest likelihood of the composite outcome of death or BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age. These findings were limited by the overall low quality of evidence and lack of robustness in higher-quality trials.