tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eculizumab in Atypical Hemolytic–Uremic Syndrome
Authors: Troels Ring
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

CI], 0.57 to 0.83) for the first 21 days, 1.00 (95% CI, 0.57 to 1.76) for 22 to 60 days, and 0.38 (95% CI, 0.18 to 0.82) for 61 to 90 days.We also await results of trials such as POINT and TARDIS for confirmation of these results in non-Chinese populations.We agree with Jeong that there may be important differences according to the patients' ethnicity and environment that limit the generalizability of our results, and we await the results of future clinical trials.
Tumor Suppression by pyran Copolymer: Correlation With Production of Cytotoxic Macrophages
Authors: R P Harmel, B zbar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Intraperitoneal administration of pyran copolymer (pyran-2-succinic anhydride-4,5-dicarboxytetrahydro-6-methylanhydride polymer) protected C3H/HeN male mice against tumor development after intradermal challenge with cells of the transplantable, methylcholanthrene- induced, syngeneic fibrosarcoma 1038. Peritoneal cells from pyran-treated but notfrom normal animals suppressed tumor development in local passive-transfer experiments. Adherent peritoneal cells from pyran-treated mice were cytotoxic in vitro to several syngeneic murine tumor cell lines including 1038.
AB0471 Dynamics of Effective Therapy with Rituximab According to Eular Criteria Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis by the Results of Four-Year Follow-Up
Authors: M. Koroleva, T. Raskina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the dynamics of effective therapy with Rituximab according to Eular criteria (DAS28) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by the results of prospective four-year follow-up. <h3>Methods</h3> We observed 56 patients were under observations having definite diagnosis of RA treated with combined therapy of Methotrexate (mean dose of 13.22±0.28 mg/week) and Rituximab by a standard scheme (1000 mg intravenously in the 1st and 15th days, the course - 2 infusions, the average number of courses - 3.65±0.09). Average value of DAS28 - 5.07 [4.18; 6.14]. Determination of disease activity by DAS28 was conducted in different periods of observation: after 16,24 weeks of therapy, in 12, 24, 36 and 48 months. To evaluate the treatment efficacy, criteria EULAR (DAS28) was used. All patients were distributed in different periods of observations into two groups depending on the indicator ΔDAS28: "responders" - ΔDAS28 ≥1.2; "nonresponders" - ΔDAS28 &lt;1.2. <h3>Results</h3> The ratio of the proportion of "responders" and "nonresponder" in different periods of follow-up was respectively: 16 weeks - 46.4% and 53.6% (p=0.44), 24 weeks - 57.1% and 42.9% (p=0.14), 12 months - 67.9% and 32.1% (p=0.001) and 24 months - 64.3% and 35.7% (p=0.02) months 36 - 64, 3% and 35.7% (p=0.02), 48 months - 51.8% and 48.2% (p=0.07). The percentage of "responders" baseline (46.4%) and in the follow-up period was 24 weeks - 57.1% (p=0.26), 12 months - 67.9% (p=0.02), 24 months - 64.3% (p=0.05) and 36 months - 64.3% (p=0.05) and 48 months - 51.8% (p=0.5). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Effectiveness of Rituximab gradually increased to the 12th months of treatment, remained stable in the range of 24-36 months of treatment and decreased to 48 months of observation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Work-Related Lung Diseases
Authors: Philip Harber, Carrie A Redlich, Paul K Henneberger
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Most types of lung disease can be caused by work exposures including: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung diseases, lung cancer, pulmonary infections, and pleural disease. It is important to recognize whether exposures in your workplace are contributing to your lung disease because often steps can be taken to prevent the lung disease or keep it from progressing.
Digitalis Glycosides
Authors: Thomas W. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Clinical UseIndicationsBroadly speaking, these have changed little since Withering's astute observations were published in 1785. Congestive heart failure. Cardiac glycosides are of potential value in most patients with symptoms and signs of congestive heart failure due to ischemic, valvular, hypertensive and congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathies and cor pulmonale. Improvement in depressed myocardial contractility will tend to increase cardiac output, promote diuresis, and reduce the filling pressure of the failing left or right ventricle (or both), with consequent reduction of pulmonary vascular congestion and central venous pressure. Digitalis is of no demonstrable benefit, however, in mitral stenosis with . . .
Historical Identification of Melanoma—Dark, Deep, and Deadly
Authors: Eric L. Maranda, Alexandra Ayache, Jacqueline Cortizo, Mausam A. Patel, Jigar Patel, Joaquin Jimenez
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
PTU-324 Pelvic radiation disease – when do patients present to gastroenterology services?
Authors: R Stacey, B Cox, J Turner, JT Green
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pelvic radiation disease (PRD) is a common condition causing gastrointestinal symptoms following radiotherapy treatment for pelvic cancer. Awareness of this patient group is increasing but there are few dedicated services in the UK at present. Patients can develop symptoms at varying times following radiotherapy. It is unclear at what point these patients tend to present to gastroenterology services. We aimed to assess the time from radiotherapy to presentation at a regional, non sub-specialised centre. <h3>Method</h3> As part of a service evaluation a database search and retrospective note analysis was used to identify 109 patients who had been reviewed by our service between 2005 and 2014. Patients were seen in clinic and direct access endoscopy services. Patients were excluded from the analysis if they did not have both a clear date of radiotherapy commencement plus a clear date of initial review by the gastroenterology service. We analysed the time from radiotherapy to review by gastroenterology in these patients. <h3>Results</h3> 67 patients were identified (36 women, 31 men). Time to event analysis was performed. 76% were initially seen in gastroenterology clinic and 24% were seen in direct access endoscopy. The median time to presentation was 2 years (95% CI 1.622 to 2.378). The Kaplan-Meier curve is shown in Figure 1. The range was 0 to 26 years. 36% (n = 24) had radiotherapy for gynaecological cancer, 37% (n = 25) for urological cancer, 24% (n = 16) for colorectal malignancies and 3% (n = 2) for secondary malignancies (non pelvic primary). There was no significant difference in time to presentation between different types of malignancy (p = 0.713). 80% of patients presented in the first 5 years following radiotherapy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PRD usually presents within the first five years following radiotherapy, but our analysis clearly shows that delayed presentation is possible (up to 26 years in our evaluation). This time difference may lead both patients and physicians to neglect the impact the consequential effect of radiotherapy damage to the bowel can have, even several decades. As such gastroenterologists should be mindful of PRD in any patient who has previously had pelvic radiotherapy, even if it is in the distant past. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
PWE-227 A nutrition nurse-delivered nasojejunal tube insertion service promotes appropriate use of nasojejunal nutrition support and is associated with low rates of tube complications
Authors: S Hoey, R Vincent, B Hayee, P Dubois
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Nasojejunal tube (NJT) feeding provides a less costly and possibly safer alternative to parenteral nutrition (PN) in many settings including acute pancreatitis. However it is frequently underused due to reliance of NJT placement on radiological or endoscopic guidance, attendant delays and frequent mechanical complications including tube displacements and blockages. The Cortrak® electromagnetic imaging system allows bedside placement of NJT, is minimally invasive and avoids the need for radiological or endoscopic guidance. We introduced a Nutrition Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)-delivered Cortrak® service at our hospital, as part of a Nutrition Support Service in which which all patients referred for PN or NJT feeding were reviewed by a member of the Nutrition Support Team and suitable patients identified proactively. Bedside NJT placement by the Nutrition CNS was followed by immediate verbal and written communication of tube aftercare instructions to ward staff after placement. An electronic referral system for Cortrak® NJT placement was implemented. <h3>Method</h3> Prospective data were collected on indications, placement success, procedure time and complications over a 10 month period between April 2014 and February 2015. Patients with surgically altered upper gastrointestinal tract anatomy were excluded. Successful placement was determined by inspection of Cortrak® NJT insertion traces, supplemented by abdominal x-ray in a minority of cases (n = 4) where jejunal tip position on Cortrak tracing was considered equivocal. <h3>Results</h3> 66 referrals for bedside NJ tube placement in adult patients were received, of which 16 (24%) were deemed unsuitable on clinical grounds. The most common reason for rejecting referrals was suitability for provision of adequate nutrition via oral or nasogastric routes (7/16, 44%). Of 35 patients suitable for NJT feeding, 20 (57%) had previously been receiving PN or had been referred for PN. 50 insertions were attempted on 35 patients, with successful NJT placement in 42 out of 50 (84%). The median procedure time was 15 min (range 3 to 60). There were no procedure related complications. Involuntary extubation occurred for 5 tubes (12%), and tube blockage in 1 (2.4%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> A Nutrition CNS-delivered bedside NJT insertion service has several benefits. Our data demonstrate high rates of conversion of nutrition support from PN to enteral and avoidance of inappropriate NJT insertion in 24% of cases. Cortrak ® NJT placement was successful in 84% of cases, similar to other series. The incidence of NJT blockage was low (2.4%) and may reflect better communication of tube aftercare instructions to ward staff made possible by a CNS placing tubes on the ward. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
FRI0126 Characterization of Patients' Adherence and Persistence Profile (“Drug Survival”) in a “Real Life” Population of Patients Treated with Adalilumab
Authors: O. Gendelman, V. Shalev, D. Dahlia Weitzman, G. Chodick, H. Amital
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Most studies use registry-based data that encompass primarily patients that are directly seen by rheumatologists. However, this type of information is usually biased since "real life" primary care setting not represented as in regular primary care setting hence less affect true adherence rates. Therefore the registry reported data is often incomplete and often more favorable than true reality. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the duration of treatment of Adalimumab (Humira), drug survival (by analysis of persistence and adherence variables) and the different variables that affect these outcomes. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the database of the Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS), which is the second largest HMO in Israel insuring 1.8-million enrollees. The study encompassed patients treated with adalilumab due to different indications. Each study group was analyzed using a sample of the entire cohort of patients that were treated with the drug. The proportion of drug covered (PDC) was defined as the quantity of adalimumab dispensed from the first dispense to the end of study or until the end of use adalimumab divided by the estimated expected use according to the relevant period of time. <h3>Results</h3> All patients with at least one dispense of adalimumab between 1.1.2008 and 31.12.2013 were identified in the database. A random sample of patients by each indication was selected for the study according to MHS policy of not revealing the patient numbers. We included 1,339 after deleting 133 patients due to data less than 90 days or due to less than one year from enrolment to MHS, their disease distribution according to indications was as following; Crohns9 disease -316, rheumatoid arthritis -292, psoriatic arthritis-260, ankylosing spondylitis – 216, psoriasis-136, ulcerative colitis – 119. Fig. 1 depicts the distribution of PDC rates according to the following distribution (&lt;20%, 20%&gt;80%, &gt;80%). It clearly illustrates that patients with psoriatic arthritis and ulcerative colitis are more adherent administering their medications compared to other disorders whereas females patients are less adherent. Logistic regression analysis revealed that factors associated with adherence rates below 80% were lower social economic status, having either ulcerative colitis or psoriatic arthritis, or being treated concomitantly with either sulfasalazine or prednisolone. <h3>Conclusions</h3> By and large "real life" adherence studies show that most patients to do not adhere to proper adalimumab self-administration. Many efforts should be employed to improve the current persistence and adherence patterns. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTU-165 Outcomes of re-implantation of sacral neurostimulation for faecal incon-tinence are similar to those of first time implants
Authors: A Cracco, S Chadi, SD Wexner, FG Rodrigues, M Zutshi, B Gurland, G Dasilva
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is a paucity of data related to the outcome of sacral neurostimulation (SNS) device re-implantation for faecal incontinence (FI). This study aimed to determine the outcomes of re-implantation of SNS for FI. <h3>Method</h3> An IRB approved retrospective review of prospectively collected data of patients with FI receiving SNS was performed. Demographic variables, co-morbidities, operative details, reportable events, and functional outcomes were analysed. Continuous variables were assessed for Gaussian distribution. Non-parametric variables were compared with the Mann-Whitney test, and normally distributed variables were compared with an independent samples t-test. In assessing the role of each intervention in decreasing FI score (FIS) comparatively, an analysis of covariance was performed (ANCOVA). <h3>Results</h3> 115 patients (mean age 58.5 ± 15 years, 98 females) had implantation of SNS device from 2010–2014. 13% (15/115) underwent lead re-implantation. Implanted and re-implanted groups had similar demographics, co-morbidities, complication, and explantation rates. Operative time was significantly higher in the re-implanted group (first implanted 56.7 ± 17 min; re-implanted 70.1 ± 33 min; p = 0.01). Most common reason for re-implantation was lead-related in 33% (5/15). Loss of efficacy was identified in 20% (3/15) as was lack of efficacy 20% (3/15). Infection was observed in 20% (3/15) of patients, all of whom failed antibiotic therapy and were explanted. A significant decrease in FIS was seen in patients with a first time implantation (median FIS 16 to 7; p &lt; 0.001), and re-implanted patients (median FIS 18 to 12.5; p = 0.036). There was an identifiable difference in preoperative FIS between groups (median FIS implanted 16, re-implanted 18; p = 0.036). ANCOVA analysis did not reveal superiority of either procedure in decreasing FIS (p = 0.284). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Reimplantation of SNS is feasible and has similar outcomes as first time implantation. Failure and explantation of SNS should not preclude subsequent reimplantation. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Mechanisms of Drug Resistance to Inhibitors Directed at the Individual Subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase
Authors: G L Carter, D P Thompson, J G Cory
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

Ribonucleotide reductase consists of two non-identical subunits, non-heme iron subunit (NHI) and effector-binding subunit (EB), that are encoded by different genes and that can be specifically and independently inhibited. L1210 cell lines were selected for resistance to hydroxyurea (HU-7), deoxyadenosine (Y-8), or the combination of pyrazoloimidazole and deoxyadenosine (ED2). The gene for the NHI was amplified in the HU-7, Y-8, and ED2 cell lines; there was no amplification of the gene for the EB. The mRNA for the NHI was increased in the HU-7, Y-8, and ED2 cells, but there was no change in the mRNA levels for the EB. Reductase activity was increased in the HU-7, ED2 cells, but not in the Y-8 cells. The reductase activities in the Y-8 and the ED2 cells were not subject to feedback inhibition by dATP. These data show that the mechanisms of resistance to inhibitors directed at this reductase are varied and do not require increased enzyme activity. Further, gene amplification or increased mRNA levels did not necessarily result in increased levels of cellular enzyme.
International criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment.
Authors: M D Cohen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.9.1991 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7993451 International criteria for neuroblastoma diagnosis, staging, and response to treatment. M D CohenxM D CohenSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.9.1991 First Page PDF © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Website of the Week: Homelessness and health
Authors: Upasana Tayal
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A paper in this week's BMJ (p 81) looks at risk factors for early death among homeless people. The health needs of homeless people are complex and challenging: homeless people represent a group most in need of health care yet least likely to receive it. Can the internet help us learn more about their needs and begin to find a way of providing solutions?

Excellent places to start any factfinding mission on homelessness are the websites of the national homeless organisations Crisis (www.crisis.org.uk/) and Shelter (www.shelter.org.uk). In particular, www.crisis.org.uk/research/health.php and www.shelter.org.uk/images/pdfs/factsheets/health_factsheet.pdf both provide comprehensive factsheets and useful references for further research. www.homelesspages.org.uk is a good portal for homelessness. It has a section on health containing links to 44 resources, covering a broad spectrum of relevant issues from hypothermia to nutrition. A word of warning, though: some of the most interesting links are to publications that are out of print but that can be emailed upon request.

More practical, though not comprehensive, advice on adapting clinical practices for homeless patients can be found at the site of the US National Health Care for the Homeless Council (www.nhchc.org/Network). Topics covered include tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS, as well as a recent addition on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). A similar Australian site aimed at non-medical support workers (www.hhb.infoxchange.net.au/index.html) provides practical information on subjects such as alcoholism, mental health, and medications.

As some of the major problems affecting homeless people are related to mental health, sites such that of the UK Mental Health Foundation (www.mentalhealth.org.uk) and the US National Resource Center on Homelessness and Mental Illness (www.nrchmi.com) are invaluable.
A better way to manage development
Authors: Peter Burgess
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I worked for the first time on a development project in 1978—a multistate agricultural project in India. After travelling around rural India for two months I came to realise how much poor people were able to do with very little. But the project also raised the question of what it was that kept people so poor. A shortage of resources was part of the problem—but only part.
TREATMENT OF TETANUS BY MEANS OF INTRACEREBRAL INJECTIONS OF ANTITOXIN.
Authors: L S Pilcher
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Influence of Finite Observation Periods on Familial and Chronic Disease Epidemiology1&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P. B. Daitch, Ph.D., Nicholas J. Vianna, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article The Influence of Finite Observation Periods on Familial and Chronic Disease Epidemiology1 Get access P. B. Daitch, Ph.D., P. B. Daitch, Ph.D. Bio-Medical Engineering Center Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroy, New York 12181 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nicholas J. Vianna, M.D. Nicholas J. Vianna, M.D. Cancer Control Bureau New York State Department of HealthAlbany, New York 12237 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 1, January 1977, Pages 9–10, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.1.9 Published: 01 January 1977