tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Charles Robinson
Authors: Howard N. Simpson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

ONE Yankee physician of the 19th century who went afield, made a distinct mark on his era, and then sank into oblivion was Dr. Charles Robinson. To employ accurately the time-honored cliché, he was born of sturdy New England stock in Hardwick, Massachusetts, on July 21, 1818. He attended the Berkshire Medical College in Pittsfield, where he was a room-mate of Josiah Gilbert Holland, who was to become a prominent literary figure and incidentally the subject of a biographical sketch in the Journal. In the summer of 1843 Robinson married Miss Sara Adams, of Brookfield, and began practice in Belchertown. . . .
Brain-resident memory T cells represent an autonomous cytotoxic barrier to viral infection
Authors: Karin Steinbach, Ilena Vincenti, Mario Kreutzfeldt, Nicolas Page, Andreas Muschaweckh, Ingrid Wagner, Ingo Drexler, Daniel Pinschewer, Thomas Korn, Doron Merkler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) persist at sites of prior infection and have been shown to enhance pathogen clearance by recruiting circulating immune cells and providing bystander activation. Here, we characterize the functioning of brain-resident memory T cells (bTRM) in an animal model of viral infection. bTRM were subject to spontaneous homeostatic proliferation and were largely refractory to systemic immune cell depletion. After viral reinfection in mice, bTRM rapidly acquired cytotoxic effector function and prevented fatal brain infection, even in the absence of circulating CD8+ memory T cells. Presentation of cognate antigen on MHC-I was essential for bTRM-mediated protective immunity, which involved perforin- and IFN-γ–dependent effector mechanisms. These findings identify bTRM as an organ-autonomous defense system serving as a paradigm for TRM functioning as a self-sufficient first line of adaptive immunity.
Anti-hIgE gene therapy of peanut-induced anaphylaxis in a humanized murine model of peanut allergy
Authors: Odelya E. Pagovich, Bo Wang, Maria J. Chiuchiolo, Stephen M. Kaminsky, Dolan Sondhi, Clarisse L. Jose, Christina C. Price, Sarah F. Brooks, Jason G. Mezey, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Antibodies to native and citrullinated RA33 (hnRNP A2/B1) challenge citrullination as the inciting principle underlying loss of tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Maximilian F Konig, Jon T Giles, Peter A Nigrovic, Felipe Andrade
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) are the hallmark of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Protein citrullination is believed to drive autoantigen selection in RA. Nonetheless, several autoantigens in RA are targeted as native (unmodified) proteins. Here, the study of hnRNP A2/B1 (RA33) provides a framework to understand the humoral response to native and citrullinated autoantigens in RA.RA synovial fluid (SF) cells were analysed by immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. RA33 was cloned from RASF cells and splice variants expressed as recombinant proteins. Antibodies against native and citrullinated RA33 were characterised by ELISA, immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation.RA33 is citrullinated in the rheumatoid joint and targeted either as a citrullinated or native protein in distinct patient subsets with RA. A novel splice variant (hnRNP B1b) previously associated with disease initiation in experimental arthritis was identified in the RA joint and acts as the major target of the anti-RA33 response. Antibodies exclusively targeting citrullinated RA33 were positively associated with disease duration and erosive disease. In contrast, anti-(native) RA33 antibodies were detected almost exclusively in early RA and identified patients with low radiographic erosion scores. Finally, a unique subset of double-reactive patients demonstrated intermediate severity, but rapid disease progression, suggesting a transitional disease phase in the evolution of an anti-native protein antibody to ACPA response in RA.These data suggest that native and citrullinated proteins targeted by autoantibodies in RA may be part of a single antibody system and challenge the paradigm of citrullination as the unifying principle underlying loss of tolerance in RA.
Long-term responders to enzalutamide (ENZA) during the phase III AFFIRM trial: Baseline characteristics and efficacy outcomes.
Authors: Mark T. Fleming, Howard I. Scher, Karim Fizazi, Mary-Ellen Taplin, David Forer, Mohammad Hirmand, Johann Sebastian De Bono
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

20 Background: ENZA, an oral androgen receptor inhibitor, was shown to significantly increase overall survival by 4.8 mo (P &lt;0.001, HR 0.63) vs placebo (PBO) in AFFIRM, a phase III trial in patients (pts) with castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) post- docetaxel. Here we report the baseline characteristics and efficacy outcomes of long-term responders (LTR, ≥12 months on ENZA) in the AFFIRM trial. Methods: Pts were randomized 2:1 to ENZA 160 mg/day or PBO. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The study was stopped at the pre-specified interim analysis (520 events). Pts in the ENZA group were allowed to continue on ENZA post unblinding. The LTR group was defined by Aug 2012 data cut-off. Efficacy data are from interim analysis data cut-off from Sep 2011. Results: 35% (276/800) of the ENZA group were on therapy for ≥ 12 months; 22% (174/800) for &gt; 18 months. Comparing the LTR subgroup to the all ENZA group, the LTR subgroup had been living with prostate cancer longer (7.9 vs 5.9 yrs) and had lower disease burden at baseline (Table). Pts in the LTR subgroup had improved efficacy outcomes compared to all ENZA group. Of note, 50% PSA response was 87% in LTR subgroup vs 54% in the all ENZA group. Results are preliminary, updated results will be presented. Conclusions: 35% of pts in AFFIRM received ENZA for ≥12 months. Compared to the all ENZA group, LTR pts had less disease burden at baseline and had improved efficacy outcomes. Clinical trial information: NCT00974311. [Table: see text]
Preparation and evaluation of a phospholipid-based injectable gel for the long term delivery of leuprolide acetate
Authors: Danhong Long, Tao Gong, Zhirong Zhang, Rui Ding, Yao Fu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2016)

A phospholipid-based injectable gel was developed for the sustained delivery of leuprolide acetate (LA). The gel system was prepared using biocompatible materials (SPME), including soya phosphatidyl choline (SPC), medium chain triglyceride (MCT) and ethanol. The system displayed a sol state with low viscosity in vitro and underwent in situ gelation in vivo after subcutaneous injection. An in vitro release study was performed using a dialysis setup with different release media containing different percentages of ethanol. The stability of LA in the SPME system was investigated under different temperatures and in the presence of various antioxidants. In vivo studies in male rats were performed to elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacodynamic efficacy. A sustained release of LA for 28 days was observed without obvious initial burst in vivo. The pharmacodynamic study showed that once-a-month injection of LA-loaded SPME (SPME-LA) led to comparable suppression effects on the serum testosterone level as observed in LA solution except for the onset time. These findings demonstrate excellent potential for this novel SPME system as a sustained release delivery system for LA.
Pediatric Surgery
Authors: W. Hardy Hendren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Pulmonary ProblemsMauney and Sabiston116 reported pulmonary scanning to be of value in the diagnosis of lobar emphysema of infancy.Stiles et al.117 presented their experience with pleural empyema in childhood, largely staphylococcal in origin. This disease is still prevalent, although less common than it was 15 years ago118 owing to newer synthetic penicillins in current use. The principles of current management of empyema do not differ from those of several decades past119; early and total evacuation of empyema is the goal, after which decortication should seldom be needed. Ceruti et al.120 reported follow-up studies in 36 children two . . .
B4-07: Sputum Methylation Analysis Detects Patients With Lung Cancer
Authors: Erik Thunnissen, Narayan Shivapurkar, Victor Stastny, Miep v. Drift, Anne Bolijn, Bernard Hol, Wang Yinghui, Ziding Feng, Adi Gazdar, Clemens Prinsen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Two outbreaks of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 8 linked to the consumption of Cantal cheese made with raw milk, France, 2001
Authors: S Haeghebaert, P Sulem, L Deroudille, E. Vanneroy-Adenot, O Bagnis, P Bouvet, F Grimont, A Brisabois, C. Hervy, E Espié, H de Valk
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

Salmonelloses are one are the main causes of foodborne infections in industrialised countries. In France, the incidence of human salmonellosis recorded by the National Reference Centre for Salmonella and Shigella (CNRSS) in 2001 was 21 cases per 100 000 inhabitants, and Salmonella serotype Enteritidis represented 39% of cases (1). This article reports the investigation results of two community outbreaks of salmonellosis that occurred simultaneously in the south west of France, and which were linked to the consumption of cheese made from raw milk.
Chromatin Modifications Induced by the AML1/ETO Fusion Protein Reversibly Silence Its Genomic Targets Through AML1 and Sp1 Binding Motifs
Authors: Alba Maiques-Díaz, Fu-Sheng Chou, Mark Wunderlich, Gonzalo Gómez López, Filipe V. Jacinto, Sandra Rodriguez-Perales, María José Larrayoz, María José Calasanz, James C. Mulloy, Juan Cigudosa, Sara Alvarez
Journal: Blood (2011)
P-111 Correlation of Mitotic Index and Ki-67 and Their Impacts on Survival of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) at Ramathibodi Hospital
Authors: T. Dejthevaporn, V. Jennetisin, S. Rattanasiri, P. Sornmayura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Eurosurveillance moves on…
Authors: K Ekdahl, I Steffens
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

From this issue of Eurosurveillance, the two previous electronic releases (weekly and monthly) of the journal have been merged into one. The new Eurosurveillance is published every Thursday, with rapid updates on major public health events and news items alongside longer scientific articles and reviews. At the same time we are updating our editorial policy (http://www.eurosurveillance.org/editorial_policy/index.asp) and reviewing the types of articles (http://www.eurosurveillance.org/authors/index.asp) to better reflect our commitment to covering all aspects of epidemiology, prevention and control of communicable diseases from a European perspective.
Looking further! The importance of embedding visual search in action
Authors: John van der Kamp, Matt Dicks
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract A unified account of visual search in complex everyday environments requires additional deliberations on the functional grounding of Hulleman &amp; Olivers' (H&amp;O's) functional viewing field (FVF) model. Their model can accommodate exploitation of information that is distributed across the immediate environment. Yet the differences in search between genuinely interacting in the environment and merely watching it should challenge researchers to look further.
Noninvasive high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment of twin-twin transfusion syndrome: A preliminary in vivo study
Authors: Caroline J. Shaw, John Civale, Kimberley J. Botting, Youguo Niu, Gail ter Haar, Ian Rivens, Dino A. Giussani, Christoph C. Lees
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

High-intensity focused ultrasound can ablate blood flow in the sheep placenta and may be translatable to human twin-twin transfusion syndrome.
Case 1-1985
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Richard M. Peters, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 21-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of hemoptysis and cavitary pulmonary lesions.She was well until 21 months earlier, when she began to have pleuritic anterior chest pain that radiated to the back, accompanied by dyspnea and sweating; the symptoms subsided after one month. The patient was subsequently well until one year before admission, when mild fatigue and anorexia developed, and she began to lose weight. Four months later an x-ray film of the chest, obtained elsewhere, was reported to be normal. One month before admission a cough occurred and became . . .
Computed Tomography Perfusion and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Patients With Acute Stroke
Authors: Yun Luo, Peng-Peng Niu, Yi Yang
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Health Insurance Stores and Health Hubs
Authors: Regina E. Herzlinger
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Exploitation of sub-micron cavitation nuclei to enhance ultrasound-mediated transdermal transport and penetration of vaccines
Authors: Sunali Bhatnagar, James J. Kwan, Apurva R. Shah, Constantin-C Coussios, Robert C. Carlisle
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)

Inertial cavitation mediated by ultrasound has been previously shown to enable skin permeabilisation for transdermal drug and vaccine delivery, by sequentially applying the ultrasound then the therapeutic in liquid form on the skin surface. Using a novel hydrogel dosage form, we demonstrate that the use of sub-micron gas-stabilising polymeric nanoparticles (nanocups) to sustain and promote cavitation activity during simultaneous application of both drug and vaccine results in a significant enhancement of both the dose and penetration of a model vaccine, Ovalbumin (OVA), to depths of 500 μm into porcine skin. The nanocups themselves exceeded the penetration depth of the vaccine (up to 700 μm) due to their small size and capacity to 'self-propel'. In vivo murine studies indicated that nanocup-assisted ultrasound transdermal vaccination achieved significantly (p < 0.05) higher delivery doses without visible skin damage compared to the use of a chemical penetration enhancer. Transdermal OVA doses of up to 1 μg were achieved in a single 90-second treatment, which was sufficient to trigger an antigen-specific immune response. Furthermore, ultrasound-assisted vaccine delivery in the presence of nanocups demonstrated substantially higher specific anti-OVA IgG antibody levels compared to other transdermal methods. Further optimisation can lead to a viable, safe and non-invasive delivery platform for vaccines with potential use in a primary care setting or personalized self-vaccination at home.
Pioglitazone seems safe and effective for patients with fatty liver disease and diabetes
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Long term use of pioglitazone seems to be safe and effective for patients with both fatty liver disease and pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus, a randomised controlled trial published in the Annals of Internal Medicine has shown.1

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a growing global public health problem and is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease in industrialised countries. Its prevalence has increased along with the dramatic rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and it is estimated to occur in more than 30% of the adult US population. Most of these patients have simple steatosis and …
Phase II study of ruxolitinib with regorafenib for relapsed/refractory (r/r) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Authors: David R. Fogelman, Mark D. Kochenderfer, Gene Brian Saylors, Fadi S. Braiteh, John J. Nemunaitis, Allen Lee Cohn, Peter O'Neill, Li Zhou, Julie C. Switzky, Albert Assad, Johanna C. Bendell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS3623 Background: Therapeutic options are limited after patients (pts) with mCRC progress following treatment with current standards of care. As with pancreatic cancer (PC), CRC induces a systemic inflammatory response, possibly from inflammatory cytokine production by colorectal tumor cells themselves or by the local inflammatory milieu. Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines are associated with more advanced disease and reduced survival. In the phase II RECAP study, treatment with the JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor ruxolitinib + capecitabine showed improved overall survival (OS) relative to placebo + capecitabine in pts with metastatic PC who had evidence of systemic inflammation as demonstrated by elevated C-reactive protein levels (Hurwitz et al. ASCO 2014. abs 4000). Given the evidence supporting a role for the JAK-STAT pathway in the systemic inflammatory response in CRC, ruxolitinib may be an effective therapeutic strategy in pts with r/r mCRC. Methods: Eligible pts are aged ≥ 18 years with histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum that is metastatic; have an ECOG performance status of 0–2; have received fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan-based chemotherapy, an anti-VEGF therapy (if no contraindication) and an anti-EGFR therapy (if KRAS wild-type and no contraindication). Exclusion criteria are prior regorafenib treatment; active GI disease interfering with absorption; known central nervous system metastases; hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus viremia or at risk for HBV reactivation. The study consists of 2 parts. Part 1 is open label and dose finding and will assess the safety and tolerability of ruxolitinib in combination with regorafenib. In Part 2, pts are randomized 1:1 to receive 28-day cycles of ruxolitinib 15 mg twice daily + regorafenib 160 mg once daily (days 1–21) or placebo + regorafenib. The primary endpoint of part 2 is OS. Secondary endpoints include progression free survival, overall response rate, duration of response, and disease control. Treatment will continue as long as tolerated and discontinuation criteria are not met. Enrollment in this study was initiated in March 2014 and is ongoing. The planned enrollment is 373 pts. Clinical trial information: NCT02119676.
Jejunal Diverticulosis with Midgut Volvulus and Intestinal Malrotation
Authors: Ina Jochmans, Jacques Pirenne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 67-year-old woman with malabsorption and malnourishment was referred for possible intestinal transplantation. CT showed small-bowel dilatation along with a whirl sign and numerous collateral veins, suggestive of a midgut volvulus, shown in a video.
Psychiatric aspects of traffic accidents
Authors: M T Tsuang, M Boor, J A Fleming
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors review the literature pertaining to the roles of psychopathology and personality variables in traffic accidents. They review studies of nonpsychiatric and psychiatric samples and examine the roles of suicide, life events, alcohol, and drugs. Certain personality characteristics and psychopathology--such as low tension tolerance, immaturity, personality disorder, and paranoid conditions--appear to be risk factors for traffic accidents. Although the role of alcohol is relatively well established, the roles of most other drugs are less clear. The results of further investigation of psychopathology's role in traffic accidents may have implications for prevention.
A Phase 1, Dose-Escalation Study (CHAMPION-1) Investigating Weekly Carfilzomib In Combination With Dexamethasone For Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: James R. Berenson, Leonard Klein, Robert M. Rifkin, Priti Patel, Sandra Dixon, Ying Ou, Alan Cartmell
Journal: Blood (2013)
Sixty seconds on . . . helium
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

This is no joking matter. Scientists are fit to burst after a team from Durham University found a huge reserve of the gas in the Rift Valley in east Africa.

Tanzania, to be precise. Helium is used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners, besides having many industrial applications. The find, of roughly 1.53 billion …
Consistent Venous Thromboembolism Risk Reduction by Extended- Versus Standard-Duration Enoxaparin Prophylaxis in Subgroups of Acutely Ill Medical Patients in the EXCLAIM Study.
Authors: Victor F. Tapson, Russell D. Hull, Sebastian M. Schellong, Manuel Monreal, Meyer-Michel Samama, Alexander G.G. Turpie, Roger D. Yusen
Journal: Blood (2007)