tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stress-activated<i>miR-21/miR-21*</i>in hepatocytes promotes lipid and glucose metabolic disorders associated with high-fat diet consumption
Authors: Nicolas Calo, Pierluigi Ramadori, Cyril Sobolewski, Yannick Romero, Christine Maeder, Margot Fournier, Pia Rantakari, Fu-Ping Zhang, Matti Poutanen, Jean-François Dufour, Bostjan Humar, Serge Nef, Michelangelo Foti
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> <i>miR-21</i> is an oncomir highly upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and in early stages of liver diseases characterised by the presence of steatosis. Whether upregulation of <i>miR-21</i> contributes to hepatic metabolic disorders and their progression towards cancer is unknown. This study aims at investigating the role of <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> in early stages of metabolic liver disorders associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO). <h3>Design</h3> Constitutive <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> knockout (miR21KO) and liver-specific <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> knockout (LImiR21KO) mice were generated. Mice were then fed with high-fat diet (HFD) and alterations of the lipid and glucose metabolism were investigated. Serum and <i>ex vivo</i> explanted liver tissue were analysed. <h3>Results</h3> Under normal breeding conditions and standard diet, <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> deletion in mice was not associated with any detectable phenotypic alterations. However, when mice were challenged with an obesogenic diet, glucose intolerance, steatosis and adiposity were improved in mice lacking <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i>. Deletion of <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> specifically in hepatocytes led to similar improvements in mice fed an HFD, indicating a crucial role for hepatic <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> in metabolic disorders associated with DIO. Further molecular analyses demonstrated that <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> deletion in hepatocytes increases insulin sensitivity and modulates the expression of multiple key metabolic transcription factors involved in fatty acid uptake, <i>de novo</i> lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis and glucose output. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Hepatic <i>miR-21/miR-21*</i> deficiency prevents glucose intolerance and steatosis in mice fed an obesogenic diet by altering the expression of several master metabolic regulators. This study points out <i>miR-21/miR-21</i>* as a potential therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the metabolic syndrome.
AB0939 Factors of Immunodepression in Patients with Tuberculosis in Internal Medecine
Authors: N. Ben Abdelhafidh, S. Toujani, R. Abid, N. Bousseta, I. Gharsallah, S. Othmani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Immunodepressed patients are a high-risk group for tuberculosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim is to study the differences in presentation, diagnosis and therapeutic management of tuberculosis according to the immune status of patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study of the files of patients hospitalized in the internal department of military hospital of Tunisia for a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Comparison of two populations: immunodepressed versus non immunodepressed. <h3>Results</h3> 129 patients aged 20 to 90 were included, 49 patients were considered immunodepressed and 80 non immunodepressed. The causes of immunodepression were: age ≥65years (n=27), diabetes (n=20), immunosuppressive drugs (n=16), chronic inflammatory diseases (n=9), chronic renal failure (n=7), neoplasia (n=8), chronic hepatopathy (n=4), and HIV infection (n=2). Comparison between the 2 populations revealed a more frequent history of absence of vaccination in the immunodepressed (p=0.0001), shorter duration of hospitalisation (p=0.01), greater frequency of disseminated forms (p=0.02), more frequent use of corticoids (p=0,007) and enhanced mortality (p=0.04). There was no difference in the 2 groups with regard to the clinical signs having evoked tuberculosis, the diagnostic method and the bacteriological results. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The severity and the frequency of tuberculosis in immunodepressed patients should incite clinicians to evoke tuberculosis and to initiate rapidly an efficient treatment. In case of alteration in immune defenses, prophylactic treatment <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Zenker's Diverticulum: Treatment Using a Flexible Endoscope
Authors: C. Mulder, G. Costamagna, P. Sakai
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

The pharyngoesophageal diverticulum has been called Zenker's diverticulum (ZD); we define the latter as a posterior diverticulum with its neck proximal to the cricopharyngeal muscle. Most authors consider such pouches to be a type of esophageal diverticulum. Diverticula are outpouchings of one or more layers of the esophageal wall, and occur in three main areas: 1) immediately above the upper esophageal sphincter (ZD); 2) near the midpoint of the esophagus (traction diverticulum); and 3) immediately above the lower esophageal sphincter (epiphrenic diverticulum).
Endpiece: Human dignity
Authors: Robert Richardson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Among other living things, it is man's dignity to value certain ideals above comfort, and even above life. This human trait makes of medicine a philosophy that goes beyond exact medical sciences, because it must encompass not only man as a living machine but also the collective aspirations of mankind.

Rene Jules Dubos (1901-81), French/American microbiologist, in Mirage of Health
Efficacy and Safety Of Treatments For Relapsed Or Refractory DLBCL: Results Of a Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Ann Colosia, Peter C Trask, Robert Olivares, Shahnaz Khan, Adeline Abbe, Rachel Lee Police, Annete Njue, Jianmin Wang, Elizabeth Sherrill, Rodrigo Ruiz-Soto, James A. Kaye, Farrukh T Awan
Journal: Blood (2013)
Psychoneuroendocrinology of affective disorder: an overview
Authors: P G Ettigi, G M Brown
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

Neuroendocrine function has been reported by several workers to be abnormal in affective disorder. It has been shown that neurotransmitters (noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotinin) are involved in the regulation of neuroendocrine function. Several biological hypotheses of affective disorder have implicated a defect in neurotransmitter function, but these hypotheses have been found lacking in part over the years. The study of neuroendocrine abnormalities found in various types of affective disorder may clarify some aspects of this complex issue by reflecting neurotransmitter activity in this disorder. Such studies should help further explain affective illness.
Are European immunisation programmes recession proof?
Authors: D O’Flanagan, D Lévy-Bruhl, S Salmaso
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Preview this article: Are European immunisation programmes recession proof?, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/16/17/art19855-en-1.gif
Pathogenesis of Cerebral Malaria
Authors: A A Mahdi, S Ahmad
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Plasmodium knowlesi infected rhesus monkeys were employed for investigating brain tissue damage in experimentally induced cerebral malaria. Light microscopic studies revealed parasitic infiltration of virtually all the regions of CNS. Electron microscopic observations confirmed the light microscopic findings. These studies further revealed the presence of macrophages in the blood vessels of infected monkeys. In conclusion, the pathogenesis of cerebral malaria seems to be an outcome of a typical triad consisting of: (1) mechanical obstruction of the blood capillaries by parasitized RBCs; (2) biochemical events, involving free radicals, and (3) immunological dysfunction.
STERILIZATION OF WATER SUPPLIES FOR TROOPS ON ACTIVE SERVICE
Authors: G. S. Woodhead
Journal: BMJ (1914)

ISEPT. I9, r914 mind in the course of the arrauciengents tllat are being nmade and wvill lhave to be imiade in the provision for tlle sick and wounded during tie present war.It is quite probable that the accommllllodation already made will prove insufficient alnd that large additional space will be needed.In the American Civil War ancd in the Franco-Prussian War tlle stuitability of wooden buildings was abuLndaintly proved, and withl ouLr ilnereased knowledge and confidence in the advantages of simiiple sttuctures it is to be lhoped that nlo more money will be spenit upon structural alterations for lhospital use, but that simiple erections will be made for wllicli there are m-lany good designs to be seen in the more recently erected sanatoriums for the treatmiient of consumption, none being better than that recently
The Normal and Pathological Circulation in the Central Nervous System.
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE X-RAY AS AN AID TO DIAGNOSIS.
Authors: H A Turner
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thomas Hodgkin
Authors: Hyman Morrison
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

DURING a visit to Israel in 1950, a pilgrimage to the grave of Thomas Hodgkin in Jaffa, now adjoining the new city of Tel Aviv, left a memorable impression. Hodgkin died there on April 4, 1866, of "dysentery," in his sixty-eighth year, while accompanying his friend, Sir Moses Montefiore, on one of the many philanthropic journeys they had taken together. Sir Moses had erected, soon afterward, a monument over the grave.In 1927 the late Dr. Emanuel Libman, of New York, while visiting Palestine in connection with his interest in the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, located, after much inquiry, the . . .
Treatment Adherence and Its Impact on Disease-Free Survival in the Breast International Group 1-98 Trial of Tamoxifen and Letrozole, Alone and in Sequence
Authors: Jacquie H. Chirgwin, Anita Giobbie-Hurder, Alan S. Coates, Karen N. Price, Bent Ejlertsen, Marc Debled, Richard D. Gelber, Aron Goldhirsch, Ian Smith, Manuela Rabaglio, John F. Forbes, Patrick Neven, István Láng, Marco Colleoni, Beat Thürlimann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose To investigate adherence to endocrine treatment and its relationship with disease-free survival (DFS) in the Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 clinical trial. Methods The BIG 1-98 trial is a double-blind trial that randomly assigned 6,193 postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer in the four-arm option to 5 years of tamoxifen (Tam), letrozole (Let), or the agents in sequence (Let-Tam, Tam-Let). This analysis included 6,144 women who received at least one dose of study treatment. Conditional landmark analyses and marginal structural Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the relationship between DFS and treatment adherence (persistence [duration] and compliance with dosage). Competing risks regression was used to assess demographic, disease, and treatment characteristics of the women who stopped treatment early because of adverse events. Results Both aspects of low adherence (early cessation of letrozole and a compliance score of &lt; 90%) were associated with reduced DFS (multivariable model hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.93; P = .01; and multivariable model hazard ratio, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.38; P = .02, respectively). Sequential treatments were associated with higher rates of nonpersistence (Tam-Let, 20.8%; Let-Tam, 20.3%; Tam 16.9%; Let 17.6%). Adverse events were the reason for most trial treatment early discontinuations (82.7%). Apart from sequential treatment assignment, reduced adherence was associated with older age, smoking, node negativity, or prior thromboembolic event. Conclusion Both persistence and compliance are associated with DFS. Toxicity management and, for sequential treatments, patient and physician awareness, may improve adherence.
Peripheral Blood Changes and Liver Catalase Response to Isologously Transplanted Rat Leukemia IRC 741<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: Paul E. Lutz, Edward Larson, W. F. Dunning
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

The effects of the growth of acute leukemia IRC 741 were observed in Fischer line 344 male rats. Erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin value dropped significantly during the terminal stages. There was a progressive significant increase in leukocyte level during the development of the disease, the terminal counts being 20 times higher than normal. Blood glucose values decreased throughout the course of the disease, and amino acid values remained relatively unchanged until the terminal stage when a significant increase was observed. Liver catalase activity values were elevated slightly through day 11. This was followed by a marked reduction at day 15 and a more pronounced decrease at the terminal stage. Liver weight per body weight ratios remained relatively unchanged during the disease. Spleen weight per body weight ratios fluctuated during the early stages of the disease but increased steadily toward the terminal stage.
Particulate Air Pollution and Fasting Blood Glucose in Nondiabetic Individuals: Associations and Epigenetic Mediation in the Normative Aging Study, 2000–2011
Authors: Cheng Peng, Marie-Abele C. Bind, Elena Colicino, Itai Kloog, Hyang-Min Byun, Laura Cantone, Letizia Trevisi, Jia Zhong, Kasey Brennan, Alexandra E. Dereix, Pantel S. Vokonas, Brent A. Coull, Joel D. Schwartz, Andrea A. Baccarelli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Among nondiabetic individuals, higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) independently predicts diabetes risk, cardiovascular disease, and dementia. Ambient PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is an emerging determinant of glucose dysregulation. PM2.5 effects and mechanisms are understudied among nondiabetic individuals.Our goals were to investigate whether PM2.5 is associated with an increase in FBG and to explore potential mediating roles of epigenetic gene regulation.In 551 nondiabetic participants in the Normative Aging Study, we measured FBG, and DNA methylation of four inflammatory genes (IFN-γ, IL-6, ICAM-1, and TLR-2), up to four times between 2000 and 2011 (median = 2). We estimated short- and medium-term (1-, 7-, and 28-day preceding each clinical visit) ambient PM2.5 at each participant's address using a validated hybrid land-use regression satellite-based model. We fitted covariate-adjusted regression models accounting for repeated measures.Mean FBG was 99.8 mg/dL (SD = 10.7), 18% of the participants had impaired fasting glucose (IFG; i.e., 100-125 mg/dL FBG) at first visit. Interquartile increases in 1-, 7-, and 28-day PM2.5 were associated with 0.57 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.02, 1.11, p = 0.04), 1.02 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.41, 1.63, p = 0.001), and 0.89 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.32, 1.47, p = 0.003) higher FBG, respectively. The same PM2.5 metrics were associated with 13% (95% CI: -3%, 33%, p = 0.12), 27% (95% CI: 6%, 52%, p = 0.01) and 32% (95% CI: 10%, 58%, p = 0.003) higher odds of IFG, respectively. PM2.5 was negatively correlated with ICAM-1 methylation (p = 0.01), but not with other genes. Mediation analysis estimated that ICAM-1 methylation mediated 9% of the association of 28-day PM2.5 with FBG.Among nondiabetics, short- and medium-term PM2.5 were associated with higher FBG. Mediation analysis indicated that part of this association was mediated by ICAM-1 promoter methylation. Citation: Peng C, Bind MA, Colicino E, Kloog I, Byun HM, Cantone L, Trevisi L, Zhong J, Brennan K, Dereix AE, Vokonas PS, Coull BA, Schwartz JD, Baccarelli AA. 2016. Particulate air pollution and fasting blood glucose in nondiabetic individuals: associations and epigenetic mediation in the Normative Aging Study, 2000-2011. Environ Health Perspect 124:1715-1721; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP183.
Efficacy, Tolerability, and Dose-Dependent Effects of Opioid Analgesics for Low Back Pain
Authors: Christina Abdel Shaheed, Chris G. Maher, Kylie A. Williams, Richard Day, Andrew J. McLachlan
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Opioid analgesics are commonly used for low back pain, however, to our knowledge there has been no systematic evaluation of the effect of opioid dose and use of enrichment study design on estimates of treatment effect.To evaluate efficacy and tolerability of opioids in the management of back pain; and investigate the effect of opioid dose and use of an enrichment study design on treatment effect.Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and PsycINFO (inception to September 2015) with citation tracking from eligible randomized clinical trials (RCTs).Placebo-controlled RCTs in any language.Two authors independently extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Data were pooled using a random effects model with strength of evidence assessed using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE).The primary outcome measure was pain. Pain and disability outcomes were converted to a common 0 to 100 scale, with effects greater than 20 points considered clinically important.Of 20 included RCTs of opioid analgesics (with a total of 7925 participants), 13 trials (3419 participants) evaluated short-term effects on chronic low back pain, and no placebo-controlled trials enrolled patients with acute low back pain. In half of these 13 trials, at least 50% of participants withdrew owing to adverse events or lack of efficacy. There was moderate-quality evidence that opioid analgesics reduce pain in the short term; mean difference (MD), -10.1 (95% CI, -12.8 to -7.4). Meta-regression revealed a 12.0 point greater pain relief for every 1 log unit increase in morphine equivalent dose (P = .046). Clinically important pain relief was not observed within the dose range evaluated (40.0-240.0-mg morphine equivalents per day). There was no significant effect of enrichment study design.For people with chronic low back pain who tolerate the medicine, opioid analgesics provide modest short-term pain relief but the effect is not likely to be clinically important within guideline recommended doses. Evidence on long-term efficacy is lacking. The efficacy of opioid analgesics in acute low back pain is unknown.
Early cytomegalovirus reactivation remains associated with increased transplant-related mortality in the current era: a CIBMTR analysis
Authors: Pierre Teira, Minoo Battiwalla, Muthalagu Ramanathan, A. John Barrett, Kwang Woo Ahn, Min Chen, Jaime S. Green, Ayman Saad, Joseph H. Antin, Bipin N. Savani, Hillard M. Lazarus, Matthew Seftel, Wael Saber, David Marks, Mahmoud Aljurf, Maxim Norkin, John R. Wingard, Caroline A. Lindemans, Michael Boeckh, Marcie L. Riches, Jeffery J. Auletta
Journal: Blood (2016)
The effect of platform switching on the levels of metal ion release from different implant–abutment couples
Authors: Ghada O Alrabeah, Jonathan C Knowles, Haralampos Petridis
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2016)

The improved peri-implant bone response demonstrated by platform switching may be the result of reduced amounts of metal ions released to the surrounding tissues. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of metal ions released from platform-matched and platform-switched implant-abutment couples as a result of accelerated corrosion. Thirty-six titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and cobalt-chrome alloy abutments were coupled with titanium cylinders forming either platform-switched or platform-matched groups (n=6). In addition, 18 unconnected samples served as controls. The specimens were subjected to accelerated corrosion by static immersion in 1% lactic acid for 1 week. The amount of metal ions ion of each test tube was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images and energy dispersive spectroscopy X-ray analyses were performed pre- and post-immersion to assess corrosion at the interface. The platform-matched groups demonstrated higher ion release for vanadium, aluminium, cobalt, chrome, and molybdenum compared with the platform-switched groups (P<0.05). Titanium was the highest element to be released regardless of abutment size or connection (P<0.05). SEM images showed pitting corrosion prominent on the outer borders of the implant and abutment platform surfaces. In conclusion, implant-abutment couples underwent an active corrosion process resulting in metal ions release into the surrounding environment. The highest amount of metal ions released was recorded for the platform-matched groups, suggesting that platform-switching concept has a positive effect in reducing the levels of metal ion release from the implant-abutment couples.
A Novel CD20xCD3 Bispecific Fully Human Antibody Induces Potent Anti-Tumor Effects Against B Cell Lymphoma in Mice
Authors: Bindu Varghese, Jayanthi Menon, Luis Rodriguez, Lauric Haber, Kara Olson, Paurene Duramad, Adelekan Oyejide, Eric Smith, Gavin Thurston, Jessica Kirshner
Journal: Blood (2014)
Informative Neutral Studies Matter—Why the Targeting Inflammation With Salsalate in Cardiovascular Disease (TINSAL-CVD) Trial Deserves Our Attention
Authors: Paul M Ridker
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

Thomas H. Hauser, MD, MPH; Ninad Salastekar, MD, MPH; Ernst J. Schaefer, MD; Tanvi Desai, BHMS, MPH; Harvey L. Goldfine, MD; Kristen M. Fowler, MSN, FNP-BC; Griffin M. Weber, MD, PhD; Francine Welty, MD; Melvin Clouse, MD; Steven E. Shoelson, MD, PhD; Allison B. Goldfine, MD; for the Targeting Inflammation Using Salsalate in Cardiovascular Disease (TINSAL-CVD) Study Team