tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-032 Endoscopic Resection Of Large Colorectal Polyps In A Tertiary Referral Unit Is Safe With A Low Risk Of Complications
Authors: A Haji, K Adams
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with large sessile colorectal polyps can be technically challenging to resect endoscopically and have been subject to colorectal resection in the United Kingdom. Our aims were to determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic resection of large colorectal lesions at a tertiary referral unit. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective observational study of all patients referred for endoscopic resection to a single endoscopist. Consecutive patients were included in the study from June 2010 to March 2013. All patients underwent magnification chromoendoscopy and NBI for polyp assessment under conscious sedation. ESD was undertaken for lesions that were LST – non granular, flat and pseudodepressed type and those with type Vi pit pattern. Piecemeal EMR was undertaken for the remainder of the lesions. All patients underwent colonoscopic surveillance at 3 and 12 months by the same endoscopist to check for recurrence at the scar. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and fourteen patients underwent 134 endoscopic resections. There were 54 (47.4%) women and 60 (52.6%) men with a mean age of 71.2 (SD = 10.3 years). 120 lesions underwent EMR (89.6%) and 14 had enbloc resection with ESD (10.5%) with complete resection. The mean size of the lesions was 56 mm (SD 37.1mm). The median lesion size was 50mm (range 25–150 mm). Histological analyses revealed 8 hyperplastic lesions, 28 tubular adenomas, 90 tubulovillous adenomas, 3 serrated adenomas and 5 early submucosal invasive cancers invading to the upper third of the submucosa (sm1). Endoscopic diagnosis of the colorectal polyps using magnification colonoscopy identified all patients with cancer correctly with 100% sensitivity. All lesions underwent endoscopic resection with curative intent. Overall, there were 2 patients who sustained intra-procedural perforation (perforation rate overall 1.8%) of the bowel, both of which were closed with endoscopic clips without the need for surgery. 13 patients were admitted to hospital post procedure (9.8%). 6 patients were for medical reasons (2 perforation, 3 self limiting abdominal pain, 1 patient with pericolic inflammation on CT scan and abdominal pain) and 7 patients were admitted for social reasons. Median follow up duration was 8.27 months (range 0.39–34.6 months, IQR 12.04 months). 6 patients had documented recurrence (5.1%) with a median time to detected recurrence being 4.45 months (range 2.83–15.74 months, IQR 11.85 months). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Endoscopic resection of large colorectal lesions in a tertiary setting is a safe procedure often performed as a day case. Perforations detected during the procedure can be managed endoscopically without the need for surgical intervention. Meticulous technique utilising magnification chromoendoscopy to examine the scar post resection offers a low incidence of recurrence <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
RELAXIN SUPPRESSES ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN 24 MONTH OLD RATS BY REVERSING ATRIAL FIBROSIS AND UPREGULATING SODIUM CHANNELS
Authors: Brian Henry, Ashish Parikh, Divyang Patel, Jamie Haney, Charles McTiernan, David Schwartzman, Sanjeev Shroff, Guy Salama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Molecular detection of CD44v6 on aberrant crypt foci by confocal laser endoscopy
Authors: M. Neurath, R. Kiesslich
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Although many new techniques have been developed in recent years, the detection of early neoplastic or preneoplastic lesions in the colon remains a challenge for endoscopists. In addition to adenoma, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are considered to be precursors of adenoma and colon cancer. In fact, ACF are considered to be the earliest abnormal changes seen on the colonic surface that predispose to cancer development. ACF are clusters of altered glands that can be detected by microscopy, chromoendoscopy, or special filter techniques.
PHYSIOLOGIC DYNAMIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT OBSTRUCTION DURING EXERCISE: CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS FOR EXERCISE ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY TO IDENTIFY ABNORMAL PULMONARY VASCULAR RESPONSE
Authors: Annelieke C.M.J. van Riel, David Systrom, Rudolf K. Oliveira, Michael Landzberg, Barbara Mulder, Berto Bouma, Amil Shah, Aaron Waxman, Alexander Opotowsky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
P97Cyclic stretch induces connective tissue growth factor expression in isolated adult rabbit cardiomyocytes
Authors: FA Van Nieuwenhoven, E Blaauw, I Lorenzen-Schmidt, FA Babiker, C Munts, FW Prinzen, LH Snoeckx, M Van Bilsen, GJ Van Der Vusse
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Introduction: A chronic increase in cardiac workload leads to hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes, often accompanied by accumulation of extracellular matrix (fibrosis). This structural remodeling of the myocardial wall impairs cardiac function and may eventually lead to heart failure. Connective Tissue Growth Factor (CTGF, CCN2) is considered to play an important role in cardiac structural remodeling. We studied whether stretch is a primary stimulus to induce CTGF expression in vivo in rabbit heart, and in vitro in isolated adult rabbit cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts. Methods: Cardiac function, structural remodeling and CTGF expression were studied in a rabbit model of combined pressure and volume overload. Furthermore, CTGF expression was investigated in cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts isolated from adult rabbit hearts, cultured and subjected to 10% cyclic equibiaxial stretch (1Hz) using the Flexcell FX4000 strain unit for up to 48 h. Results: Twenty weeks of combined volume and pressure overload resulted in eccentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, with increased LV internal diameter (+36%) and LV weight (+53%). In the overloaded animals, myocardial CTGF mRNA levels were increased 5-fold and Western blot analyses showed a substantial increase in myocardial CTGF protein levels. In isolated adult rabbit cardiomyocytes, cyclic stretch strongly induced CTGF mRNA expression (2.9-fold at 48h), whereas CTGF-induction in cardiac fibroblasts was transient and modest (1.4-fold after 4h). Conditioned medium from stretched fibroblasts induced CTGF mRNA expression in non-stretched cardiomyocytes (2.3-fold at 48h). Conclusion: Our results show that cyclic stretch is a primary and strong stimulus to increase CTGF expression in isolated cardiomyocytes, and indicate that the elevated expression of CTGF in the overloaded heart is derived from mechanically stimulated cardiomyocytes.
Abstract B34: Multigenic models of metastatic colon cancer inDrosophila
Authors: Erdem Bangi, Ross L. Cagan
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Colon cancer is the third most common form of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in theWestern world. When it is detected at late stages with distant metastases already present, it is unlikely to be curable. This is largely due to the resistance of many late stage tumors to most targeted therapies and even chemotherapy. Development of new animal models of colon cancer that reflect the complex, multigenic and heterogeneous nature of human tumors will be essential in improving our ability to understand the biology of this disease and develop new targeted therapies. The Drosophila colon is remarkably similar to the human colon in terms of the signaling pathways that regulate its maintenance. We took advantage of this similarity to establish models of metastatic colon cancer in Drosophila that closely reflect features of human cancer. To this end, we utilized recent mutational profiling data from human colon tumors to generate flies carrying double, triple and quadruple combinations of mutations that are frequently found together in human tumors. We then investigated the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of these combinations by targeting them specifically to the adult Drosophila colon. We focused our initial analysis on three quadruple combinations: 1) rasG12V p53RNAi apcRNAi ptenRNAi, 2) rasG12V p53RNAi apcRNAi Smad4RNAi and 3) egfr p53RNAi apcRNAi Smad4RNAi. Colon epithelial cells carrying these combinations of mutations started expressing metastasis-related factors and established membrane processes; we are currently exploring the molecular nature of these tumor-like phenotypes. Eventually, these cells migrated through the basal membrane and the surrounding visceral muscle layer and colonized other sites within the body to form secondary tumors. Interestingly, these migratory cells were often found closely associated with trachea, a tubular network that provides oxygen to tissues in Drosophila. A more detailed characterization of the behavior of these cells as they leave the gut epithelium, as well as the secondary tumors are currently underway. We are also investigating emergent properties of these combinations by monitoring the behavior of cells carrying various double and triple combinations that make up the quadruple combinations we first analyzed. These models provide excellent paradigms to study tumorigenesis and metastasis in the context of a whole animal. Our findings will also shed light on the heterogeneity found in individual tumors, an important step towards personalized medicine. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):B34.
Aspirin Use and Reduced Risk of Fatal Colon Cancer
Authors: Michael J. Thun, Mohan M. Namboodiri, Clark W. Heath
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Experiments in animals and two epidemiologic studies in humans suggest that aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be protective against colon cancer. We tested this hypothesis in a prospective mortality study of 662,424 adults who provided information in 1982 on the frequency and duration of their aspirin use. Death rates from colon cancer were measured through 1988. The possible influence of other risk factors for colon cancer was examined in multivariate analyses for 598 case patients and 3058 matched control subjects drawn from the cohort.Death rates from colon cancer decreased with more frequent aspirin use in both men and women. The relative risk among persons who used aspirin 16 or more times per month for at least one year was 0.60 in men (95 percent confidence interval, 0.40 to 0.89) and 0.58 in women (95 percent confidence interval, 0.37 to 0.90). The risk estimates were unaffected when we excluded persons who reported at entry into the study that they had cancer, heart disease, stroke, or another condition that might influence both their aspirin use and their mortality. Adjustment for dietary factors, obesity, physical activity, and family history did not alter the findings significantly. No association was found between the use of acetaminophen and the risk of colon cancer.Regular aspirin use at low doses may reduce the risk of fatal colon cancer. Whether this is due to a direct effect of aspirin, perhaps mediated by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, or to other factors indirectly associated with aspirin use is unclear.
Screening Technology Explained: Getting Down to the Bases
Authors: D. Holzman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Screening Technology Explained: Getting Down to the Bases Get access David Holzman David Holzman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 22, 15 November 1995, Page 1664, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.22.1664 Published: 15 November 1995
Percutaneous direct-endoscopic necrosectomy for walled-off pancreatic necrosis
Authors: N. Yamamoto, H. Isayama, N. Takahara, N. Sasahira, K. Miyabayashi, S. Mizuno, K. Kawakubo, D. Mohri, H. Kogure, T. Sasaki, M. Tada, K. Koike
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

We report a case where percutaneous direct-endoscopic necrosectomy was successfully used to treat walled-off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN) that could not be accessed via the transluminal approach.
Outcome of Cord-Blood Transplantation from Related and Unrelated Donors
Authors: Eliane Gluckman, Vanderson Rocha, Agnès Boyer-Chammard, Franco Locatelli, William Arcese, Ricardo Pasquini, Juan Ortega, Gérard Souillet, Euripedes Ferreira, Jean-Philippe Laporte, Manuel Fernandez, Claude Chastang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Cord-blood banks have increased the use of cord-blood transplantation in patients with hematologic disorders. We have established a registry containing information on the outcome of cord-blood transplantation.
Diagnosis of Sickle-Cell Disease by Ophthalmoscopic Inspection of the Conjunctiva
Authors: Paul B. Comer, Herbert L. Fred
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PATIENTS with hemoglobin SS, SC, SD or S thalassemia may exhibit a specific alteration in the conjunctival circulation.1 , 2 The characteristic finding consists of dark-red, comma-shaped or corkscrew-shaped vascular fragments that seem to be isolated from other vessels (Fig. 1); as compared to the normal pattern (Fig. 2), the appearance is striking. The anomalous segments are found mainly in that part of the lower bulbar conjunctiva covered by the lid (Fig. 3).Heretofore, information concerning the nature and significance of this conjunctival sign has been obtained with the slit lamp, an instrument not immediately available to or easily handled by most . . .
LONG-TERM PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY WALL MOTION RESPONSES: MONOPHASIC/NORMAL, ISCHEMIC, BIPHASIC AND NONPHASIC/SCAR
Authors: Siu-Sun Yao, Azhar Supariwala, Amanda Yao, Farooq Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Relation of Oxygen Delivery, Mixed Venous Oxygenation, and Pulmonary Hemodynamics to Prognosis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Yoshikazu Kawakami, Fujiya Kishi, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Kenji Miyamoto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

We studied the relation of oxygen delivery, mixed venous oxygenation, and pulmonary hemodynamics to prognosis in 50 randomly selected patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cardiac catheterization was performed when the patients were clinically stable. Four years later, 27 patients (54 per cent) had died of respiratory failure. At the time of catheterization, patients who subsequently lived were similar to those who died in age, physical characteristics, and hematocrit. Nonsurvivors had significantly lower arterial and mixed venous oxygen tension and significantly higher arterial and mixed venous carbon dioxide tension. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary arteriolar resistance, right ventricular work, coefficient of oxygen delivery, and cardiac index did not differ between the two groups. After inhalation of 100 per cent oxygen for one hour, the mixed venous oxygen tension of nonsurvivors rose to a level equivalent to that of survivors, and their mean pulmonary arterial pressure fell significantly. These results indicate that, with respect to oxygen supply to the tissues, mixed venous oxygenation is one of the important prognostic factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Pulmonary and right ventricular hemodynamics measured during periods of clinical stability do not differentiate nonsurvivors from survivors.
SP0189 Safety Aspects
Authors: S. Ramiro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> After more than a decade of experience with biologic DMARDs, a vast collection of data on patients submitted to these therapies has been gathered. These data go beyond the evidence from clinical trials and reflect the reality of daily clinical practice. In the last years we have witnessed several important findings stemming from registries, especially the biologic registries, which do now include a significant number of patients followed-up for a reasonable period and enabling conclusions on safety of biologic agents to be drawn. Safety aspects such as infections, malignancies, and cardiovascular events among others have been carefully assessed. Furthermore, safety of biologic DMARDs can be better put into perspective if safety of synthetic DMARDs is better understood and the literature has also been enriched with safety aspects on patients on synthetic DMARDs compared to the general population. In order to inform a EULAR Task Force charged with updating the EULAR recommendations for the pharmacologic treatment of RA, two systematic literature reviews (SLR) were performed to assess the safety of biological and synthetic DMARDs. In the first SLR, studies comparing the incidence rate of safety aspects of biologics with those of synthetic DMARDs in patients with RA were included. Studies using the general population as a comparator were also included. However, one comparator group was always required, so that the occurrence of the safety outcomes could be better interpreted. In the second SLR, safety aspects of patients with RA on synthetic DMARDs were compared to the general population. Safety outcomes found in the literature include infections, malignancies, cardiovascular events, mortality, gastro-intestinal perforation, demyelinating events, hepatic effects and auto-immune events. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 613: Depletion of Mdm2 and Mdm4 by adenovirus: Molecular mechanism and anticancer therapeutic implication
Authors: Daiqing Liao, Lisa Y. Zhao, Heng Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Mdm2 and Mdm4 are two paralogous proteins. They contain a conserved p53-binding domain in the N-terminal region and a RING-finger domain in the C-terminal part. Both proteins physically bind p53 and prevent p53 activation. Biochemically, Mdm2 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of p53 and promotes ubiquitin-dependent p53 degradation. Mdm4 does not appear to have intrinsic E3 ubiquitin ligase activity and may negatively control p53 function through suppressing p53-mediated transactivation of gene expression. Mdm2 and Mdm4 also form heterodimer, which suggests that Mdm2 and Mdm4 might cooperatively control p53 activity. In vivo, both Mdm2 and Mdm4 have an essential but non-redundant function in suppressing p53 activity to enable embryonic development. Mdm2 and Mdm4 are overexpressed in several types of human cancer such as breast cancer and osteosarcoma. In transgenic mouse models, overexpression of Mdm2 or Mdm4 leads to tumorigenesis. Thus, both Mdm2 and Mdm4 are bona fide oncogenes. Several small molecules that disrupt the interaction between p53 and Mdm2 and Mdm4 have been shown to induce p53 activation, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. These compounds also cause tumor repression in preclinical animal models. Thus, they have clinical potentials for treating various types of human cancer. Biological agents that specifically target Mdm2 and Mdm4 have not been described. We found that adenovirus infection of diverse type of cancer cells results in dramatic downregulation of both Mdm2 and Mdm4. Adenovirus E1B-55K binds specifically both Mdm2 and Mdm4 in cells and in vitro, demonstrating specific interactions between E1B-55K and Mdm2 or Mdm4. Cotransfection experiments indicated that E1B 55K alone was sufficient to deplete Mdm2 and Mdm4. E1B-55K is known to form a functional E3 ubiquitin ligase consisting of Cul2 or Cul5. Thus, it is likely that E1B-55K targets Mdm2 and Mdm4 for ubiquitin-mediated proteosomal degradation. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that adenovirus is effective for treating cancers with overexpression of Mdm2 or Mdm4. We are currently testing whether adenoviral therapy is efficacious on treating such cancers in cell culture and animal models. (This work was supported by Bankhead-Coley Cancer Research Program of the Florida Department of Health.) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 613. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-613
SAT0463 Polyautoimmunity and clustering of autoimmune diseases
Authors: A. Rojas-Villarraga, J. Amaya-Amaya, L. Lopez-Kleine, M.R. Guarin-Parra, A. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, R.D. Mantilla, J.M. Anaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To identify polyautoimmunity and to search for a grouping pattern of autoimmune diseases (ADs). <h3>Methods</h3> This was a cross-sectional analytical study in which 1083 consecutive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (n=304), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, n=335), systemic sclerosis (n=290), and multiple sclerosis (n=154) were assessed for the coexistence of 23 ADs. Factors associated with polyautoimmunity were evaluated by multivariate analyses. A systematic literature review was done for all multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS) cases up to 2011, which were analyzed using a distance measure adapted from the Rogers and Tanimoto coefficient for symmetric binary data. Then, clusters were obtained by using the <i>hclust</i> function implemented in R software. <h3>Results</h3> Polyautoimmunity was observed in 373 patients (34.4%). Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) were the most frequent diseases encountered. Female gender and familial autoimmunity were associated with polyautoimmunity. A dendogram based on 226 MAS cases from 142 articles retrieved was built (figure). AITD followed by SLE and SS were the most hierarchical diseases encountered and thus the most representatives of polyautoimmunity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Results indicate that coexistence of ADs is not uncommon and follows a grouping pattern. Polyautoimmunity is the term proposed for this association of disorders, which encompasses the concept of a common origin for these diseases. It is our contention that the term “secondary diseases” should not longer be used because it detracts from the reality that these patients have two or more well-established ADs sharing the same etiopathogenesis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared