tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AT-16CASE REPORT OF METASTATIC ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMOR (ATRT) SECONDARY TO AN INHERITED GERMLINE MUTATION IN THE SMARCA4 GENE: LITERATURE REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TUMOR SURVEILLANCE OF ASYMPTOMATIC CARRIERS
Authors: Anne Bendel, Mary Skrypek, Melissa Hansen, Amy Wein, Meysam Kebriaei, Shari Baldinger, M. Cristina Pacheco, Peter Helseth, Vikas Bhambhani, Joseph Petronio, Beau Crabb
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Assessment of the Elderly Patient.
Authors: P W Choo, K S Lee, R E Owen, F J Jayaratnam
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

A complete and comprehensive assessment is the first step towards rational management of the elderly patient. The traditional approach of direct response to specific complaints is inadequate. Systemic enquiries for unstated treatable complaints is essential. A full assessment consists of physical diagnosis, mental assessment, functional assessment and social assessment.
P66 Can we identify asthma and COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS) from a severe difficult asthma clinic patient cohort?: Abstract P66 Table 1
Authors: R Singal
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS) is characterised by persistent airflow limitation with several features usually associated with asthma and several features usually associated with COPD, which can be difficult to define. In response to the document produced by GINA and GOLD (2014) there is a need for further studies to identify the proportion of ACOS patients within treatment centres. Patients with features of ACOS are reported between 15–55% and have outcomes that are far worse than COPD or asthma alone.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To locally identify the proportion and current management of ACOS patients within a tertiary treatment centre. <h3>Method</h3> The study was carried out retrospectively reviewing patient data over a 6 month period from electronically documented clinic letters, discharge summaries, pathology and lung function results. Patients included were identified from a severe difficult asthma clinic list at a large tertiary centre in London. <h3>Results</h3> 101 patients were reviewed with a mean age of 49.1 years. Table 1 identifies patients with chronic airflow limitation with a cohort of 6.9% (n = 7) diagnosed as asthma and COPD; showing fixed airway obstruction (n = 6), mean age 54.6 years. There are no patients receiving LABA mono therapy, however 7.9% patients have no ICS in their treatment plan. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This review of severe difficult asthma clinic patients highlights the challenge in identifying ACOS patients. Spirometry results documented are of limited value in diagnosis between asthma, COPD and ACOS; reversibility testing would be more indicative for future work. Interestingly we have a relatively young patient population on high BDP doses and some potentially at risk due to no ICS treatment. Further prospective studies in the form of patient questionnaires is required in order to identify detailed clinical history to aid earlier diagnosis and management. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Diagnosis of Diseases of Chronic Airflow Limitation: Asthma, COPD, and Asthma – COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS). GINA and GOLD, 2014
Association between Plasma Fibrinogen Level and Saphenous Vein Graft Patency
Authors: Sinan Cerşit, Serkan Çay, Yavuzer Koza, Sadık Kadri Açıkgöz, Gizem Çabuk, Bihter Şentürk, Pınar Doğan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Mucolytic Enzyme Systems. III. Inhibition of Hyaluronidase by Serum in Human Cancer<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>2</sup></xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>3</sup></xref>
Authors: Erick Y. Hakanson, M. D., David Glick, Ph. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1948)

Mucolytic Enzyme Systems. III. Inhibition of Hyaluronidase by Serum in Human Cancer Get access Erick Y. Hakanson, M. D., Erick Y. Hakanson, M. D. junior research fellow National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Glick, Ph. D. David Glick, Ph. D. associate professor of physiological chemistry Medical School, University of Minnesota Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 3, December 1948, Pages 129–132, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.3.129 Published: 01 December 1948 Article history Received: 02 June 1948 Published: 01 December 1948
EVALUATION OF A PSYCHIATRIC SCREENING TEST
Authors: GEORGE SASLOW, FRANK O. SHOBE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1949)

1. Evaluation of a psychiatric screening test, Cornell Word Form-1, was carried out in terms of the criterion: clinically evident psychiatric illness. 2. At the more effective scoring level recommended (5, or more, significant responses), 53% of 337 known psychiatrically ill patients were correctly identified. 3. At the same scoring level, 32% of 100 patients identified as presumably psychiatrically ill were found on psychiatric examination not to be so, i. e., were false positives. 4. At scoring level 5, the test identified about 15% of, a university student sample as presumably psychiatrically ill; and in this agreed closely with similar and dissimilar tests applied to other university student populations. 5. The significance of the regularities observed is not clear. 6. The test missed 97% of psychiatrically ill medical students at scoring level 9, and 81% at scoring level 5. 7. Routine medical examination by senior medical students and their instructors identified 20-30% medical clinic patients as presumably psychiatrically ill, with a probable minimum of 13% missed, and 6% false positives.
Intermediate care
Authors: D. Pencheon
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Intermediate care describes care given after traditional primary care and self care, but before or instead of the care that is available deep inside large acute hospitals.1 It seems to address one of the limitations of many health systems: the lack of a wide range of specific and integrated facilities that can address complex needs. Going too far along a clinical pathway into a large acute hospital or remaining there for too long because no alternative facilities exist is wasteful, dangerous, and inconvenient. Examples of services that are intermediate between traditional primary care and secondary care include preadmission assessment units, early and supported discharge schemes, community hospitals, domiciliary stroke units, hospitals at home, and rehabilitation units.2

Although an important feature of intermediate care is its location, the term intermediate also refers to care that is organised and delivered by teams of different professionals and organisations. The progressive erosion of barriers between doctors and other clinical professionals, between social and health services, and between statutory and non-statutory services provides important opportunities to smooth the many interfaces throughout …
Molecular Pathways: Emergence of Protein Kinase CK2 (CSNK2) as a Potential Target to Inhibit Survival and DNA Damage Response and Repair Pathways in Cancer Cells
Authors: Adam J. Rabalski, Laszlo Gyenis, David W. Litchfield
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Protein kinase CK2 (designated CSNK2) is a constitutively active protein kinase with a vast repertoire of putative substrates that has been implicated in several human cancers, including cancer of the breast, lung, colon, and prostate, as well as hematologic malignancies. On the basis of these observations, CSNK2 has emerged as a candidate for targeted therapy, with two CSNK2 inhibitors in ongoing clinical trials. CX-4945 is a bioavailable small-molecule ATP-competitive inhibitor targeting its active site, and CIGB-300 is a cell-permeable cyclic peptide that prevents phosphorylation of the E7 protein of HPV16 by CSNK2. In preclinical models, either of these inhibitors exhibit antitumor efficacy. Furthermore, in combinations with chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin or gemcitabine, either CX-4945 or CIGB-300 promote synergistic induction of apoptosis. While CSNK2 is a regulatory participant in many processes related to cancer, its potential to modulate caspase action may be particularly pertinent to its emergence as a therapeutic target. Because the substrate recognition motifs for CSNK2 and caspases are remarkably similar, CSNK2 can block the cleavage of many caspase substrates through the phosphorylation of sites adjacent to cleavage sites. Phosphoproteomic strategies have also revealed previously underappreciated roles for CSNK2 in the phosphorylation of several key constituents of DNA damage and DNA repair pathways. Going forward, applications of proteomic strategies to interrogate responses to CSNK2 inhibitors are expected to reveal signatures for CSNK2 inhibition and molecular insights to guide new strategies to interfere with its potential to inhibit caspase action or enhance the susceptibility of cancer cells to DNA damage. Clin Cancer Res; 22(12); 2840–7. ©2016 AACR.
The Depth Of ‘Complete’ Molecular Response Predicts Molecular Relapse In Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia Patients On Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: Heledd Thomas, Jane F Apperley, Richard M Szydlo, Gareth Gerrard, David Marin, Dragana Milojkovic, Letizia Foroni
Journal: Blood (2013)
The composition of the microbiota modulates allograft rejection
Authors: Yuk Man Lei, Luqiu Chen, Ying Wang, Andrew T. Stefka, Luciana L. Molinero, Betty Theriault, Keston Aquino-Michaels, Ayelet S. Sivan, Cathryn R. Nagler, Thomas F. Gajewski, Anita S. Chong, Caroline Bartman, Maria-Luisa Alegre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Transplantation is the only cure for end-stage organ failure, but without immunosuppression, T cells rapidly reject allografts. While genetic disparities between donor and recipient are major determinants of the kinetics of transplant rejection, little is known about the contribution of environmental factors. Because colonized organs have worse transplant outcome than sterile organs, we tested the influence of host and donor microbiota on skin transplant rejection. Compared with untreated conventional mice, pretreatment of donors and recipients with broad-spectrum antibiotics (Abx) or use of germ-free (GF) donors and recipients resulted in prolonged survival of minor antigen-mismatched skin grafts. Increased graft survival correlated with reduced type I IFN signaling in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and decreased priming of alloreactive T cells. Colonization of GF mice with fecal material from untreated conventional mice, but not from Abx-pretreated mice, enhanced the ability of APCs to prime alloreactive T cells and accelerated graft rejection, suggesting that alloimmunity is modulated by the composition of microbiota rather than the quantity of bacteria. Abx pretreatment of conventional mice also delayed rejection of major antigen-mismatched skin and MHC class II-mismatched cardiac allografts. This study demonstrates that Abx pretreatment prolongs graft survival, suggesting that targeting microbial constituents is a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing graft acceptance.
Masculinizing Ovarian Tumor of Adrenal Type
Authors: Edward J. Mortell, M. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Journal Article Masculinizing Ovarian Tumor of Adrenal Type Get access Edward J. Mortell, M. D. Edward J. Mortell, M. D. Saint Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D. C. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 4, February 1949, Pages 277–283, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.4.277 Published: 01 February 1949 Article history Received: 24 August 1948 Published: 01 February 1949
Case 34-1985
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Christopher H. Fanta, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Presentation of CaseA 32-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of cardiomyopathy with ventricular ectopy.He was well until nine months earlier, when an upper respiratory tract infection developed. Two weeks later he collapsed suddenly and was taken to another hospital, where an electrocardiogram showed ventricular tachycardia at a rate of 240. The intravenous administration of lidocaine was unsuccessful, and an attempt at electric cardioversion was followed by ventricular fibrillation; bretylium was administered, and the rhythm reverted to sinus tachycardia at a rate of 120, with complete right-bundle-branch block. Digoxin, procainamide, quinidine, disopyramide, and mexiletine were administered in . . .
The Role of Deleterious Substitutions in Crop Genomes
Authors: Thomas J. Y. Kono, Fengli Fu, Mohsen Mohammadi, Paul J. Hoffman, Chaochih Liu, Robert M. Stupar, Kevin P. Smith, Peter Tiffin, Justin C. Fay, Peter L. Morrell
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Populations continually incur new mutations with fitness effects ranging from lethal to adaptive. While the distribution of fitness effects of new mutations is not directly observable, many mutations likely either have no effect on organismal fitness or are deleterious. Historically, it has been hypothesized that a population may carry many mildly deleterious variants as segregating variation, which reduces the mean absolute fitness of the population. Recent advances in sequencing technology and sequence conservation-based metrics for inferring the functional effect of a variant permit examination of the persistence of deleterious variants in populations. The issue of segregating deleterious variation is particularly important for crop improvement, because the demographic history of domestication and breeding allows deleterious variants to persist and reach moderate frequency, potentially reducing crop productivity. In this study, we use exome resequencing of 15 barley accessions and genome resequencing of 8 soybean accessions to investigate the prevalence of deleterious single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the protein-coding regions of the genomes of two crops. We conclude that individual cultivars carry hundreds of deleterious SNPs on average, and that nonsense variants make up a minority of deleterious SNPs. Our approach identifies known phenotype-altering variants as deleterious more frequently than the genome-wide average, suggesting that putatively deleterious variants are likely to affect phenotypic variation. We also report the implementation of a SNP annotation tool BAD_Mutations that makes use of a likelihood ratio test based on alignment of all currently publicly available Angiosperm genomes.
Positive effects on bone mineralisation and muscular fitness after 10 months of intense school-based physical training for children aged 8–10 years: the FIT FIRST randomised controlled trial
Authors: Malte Nejst Larsen, Claus Malta Nielsen, Eva Wulff Helge, Mads Madsen, Vibeke Manniche, Lone Hansen, Peter Riis Hansen, Jens Bangsbo, Peter Krustrup
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Objectives We investigated whether musculoskeletal fitness of school children aged 8–10 years was affected by frequent intense PE sessions. Design and participants 295 Danish school children aged 8–10 years were cluster randomised to a small-sided ball game group (SSG) (n=96, four schools, five classes), a circuit strength training group (CST) (n=83, four schools, four classes) or a control group (CON, n=116, two schools, five classes). Intervention SSG or CST was performed 3×40 min/week over 10 months. Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were used to determine areal bone mineral density (aBMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and lean body mass (LBM). Flamingo balance, standing long jump and 20-m sprint tests were used to determine muscular fitness. Results Analysis of baseline-to-10 months change scores showed between-group differences in favour of the interventions in whole-body aBMD (SSG vs CON: 8 mg/cm 2 , 95% CI 3 to 13; CST vs CON: 7 mg/cm 2 , 95% CI 2 to 13, p&lt;0.05) and leg BMC (SSG vs CON: 11 g, 95% CI 4 to 18; CST vs CON: 11 g, 95% CI 3 to 18, p&lt;0.05). SSG had higher change scores in leg aBMD compared with CON and CST (SSG vs CON: 19 mg/cm 2 , 95% CI 11 to 39, p&lt;0.05; SSG vs CST: 12 mg/cm 2 , 95% CI 3 to 21, p&lt;0.05), and CST had higher change scores in whole-body BMC compared with CON (CST vs CON: 25 g, 95% CI 10 to 39, p&lt;0.05). Both training types resulted in higher change scores in postural balance (SSG vs CON: 2.4 fewer falls/min, 95% CI 0.3 to 4.5, CST vs CON: 3.6 fewer falls/min, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.9, p&lt;0.05) and jump length (SSG vs CON: 10%, 95% CI 5 to 16%; CST vs CON: 9%, 95% CI 3 to 15%, p&lt;0.05). No between-group differences were observed for sprint performance or LBM (p&gt;0.05). Conclusions In conclusion, 3×40 min/week with SSG or CST over a full school year improves bone mineralisation and several aspects of muscular fitness of children aged 8–10 years, suggesting that well-organised intense physical education classes can contribute positively to develop musculoskeletal health in young children. Trial registration number NCT02000492, post results.
EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY II
Authors: MAX RINKEL, ROBERT W. HYDE, HARRY C. SOLOMON, HUDSON HOAGLAND
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

1. Experimental psychiatry, i.e., the comprehensive study of experimentally produced psychosis, is important for the advancement of psychiatry. 2. The diethylamide of d-lysergic acid (LSD) has proven an excellent tool for investigation of experimentally produced psychotic-like manifestations. 3. Clinical, psychological, physiological, and biochemical evidence is offered which indicates that the adrenalin System is involved in the LSD-produced emotional and psychotic phenomena. 4. Theoretical reflections concerning the enzymatic adrenalin system as the basis of the development of schizophrenia and other psychoses are reported.
Malnutrition-associated liver steatosis and ATP depletion is caused by peroxisomal and mitochondrial dysfunction
Authors: Tim van Zutphen, Jolita Ciapaite, Vincent W. Bloks, Cameron Ackereley, Albert Gerding, Angelika Jurdzinski, Roberta Allgayer de Moraes, Ling Zhang, Justina C. Wolters, Rainer Bischoff, Ronald J. Wanders, Sander M. Houten, Dana Bronte-Tinkew, Tatiana Shatseva, Gary F. Lewis, Albert K. Groen, Dirk-Jan Reijngoud, Barbara M. Bakker, Johan W. Jonker, Peter K. Kim, Robert H.J. Bandsma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)

Severe malnutrition in young children is associated with signs of hepatic dysfunction such as steatosis and hypoalbuminemia, but its etiology is unknown. Peroxisomes and mitochondria play key roles in various hepatic metabolic functions including lipid metabolism and energy production. To investigate the involvement of these organelles in the mechanisms underlying malnutrition-induced hepatic dysfunction we developed a rat model of malnutrition.Weanling rats were placed on a low protein or control diet (5% or 20% of calories from protein, respectively) for four weeks. Peroxisomal and mitochondrial structural features were characterized using immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was assessed using high-resolution respirometry. A novel targeted quantitative proteomics method was applied to analyze 47 mitochondrial proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and fatty acid β-oxidation pathways.Low protein diet-fed rats developed hypoalbuminemia and hepatic steatosis, consistent with the human phenotype. Hepatic peroxisome content was decreased and metabolomic analysis indicated peroxisomal dysfunction. This was followed by changes in mitochondrial ultrastructure and increased mitochondrial content. Mitochondrial function was impaired due to multiple defects affecting respiratory chain complex I and IV, pyruvate uptake and several β-oxidation enzymes, leading to strongly reduced hepatic ATP levels. Fenofibrate supplementation restored hepatic peroxisome abundance and increased mitochondrial β-oxidation capacity, resulting in reduced steatosis and normalization of ATP and plasma albumin levels.Malnutrition leads to severe impairments in hepatic peroxisomal and mitochondrial function, and hepatic metabolic dysfunction. We discuss the potential future implications of our findings for the clinical management of malnourished children.Severe malnutrition in children is associated with metabolic disturbances that are poorly understood. In order to study this further, we developed a malnutrition animal model and found that severe malnutrition leads to an impaired function of liver mitochondria which are essential for energy production and a loss of peroxisomes, which are important for normal liver metabolic function.
CBIO-26MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE PHOSPHATASE 1 EXERTS AN ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE AND PRO-APOPTOTIC BIAS IN GBM
Authors: Bradley Mills, Jeanne Hansen, Marc Halterman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: The dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1, MKP-1) is a stress-induced enzyme that provides feedback inhibition on MAP kinases. While associated with chemoresistance in other cancers, DUSP1's role in glioblastoma remains unsettled. METHODS: To investigate DUSP1 expression in glioblastoma, we analyzed archived microarray data from the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) as well as a cohort of GBM tumors from the Rochester Brain Bank. DUSP1 regulation was also studied in vitro to define the response to hypoxia and chemotherapeutic exposure using qPCR and to explore effects of manipulating DUSP1 expression on proliferation and apoptosis by imaging flow cytometry. RESULTS: In silico analyses of GBM cases revealed marked variation in DUSP1 mRNA with levels below control specimens in up to 25% of cases. DUSP1 mRNA is also increased by disease-relevant factors including hypoxia, dexamethasone, and camptothecin in vitro. Enforced expression of DUSP1 increased levels of the pro-apoptotic factor BCL2-like 11 and exerted both anti-proliferative and pro-death effects, while DUSP1 knockdown enhanced cellular proliferation and survival. CONCLUSIONS: DUSP1 exerts an anti-proliferative and pro-death bias in GBM. While part of the observed variability in DUSP1 expression in vivo appears related to stimulatory effects of tumor ischemia and/or chemotherapeutic exposure, acquired loss of function mutations involving DUSP1 expression may be involved. Our findings argue that strategies geared towards increasing DUSP1 activity in situ could augment existing chemotherapeutic approaches.
PCM-01DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSES OF MURINE MODELS OF SUPRATENTORIAL EPENDYMOMA TO GEMCITABINE AS MEASURED BY MRI AND PET-CT
Authors: Nidal Boulos, Jieun Kim, Zoltan Patay, Elizabeth R. Butch, Muhammad Ayaz, Scott E. Snyder, Christopher Calabrese, Richard J. Gilbertson, Karen D. Wright
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Induction of Melanotic Tumors in the Syrian Golden Hamster After Administration of Ethyl Carbamate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Pietra, Giuseppe, Shubik, Philippe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Induction of Melanotic Tumors in the Syrian Golden Hamster After Administration of Ethyl Carbamate Get access Giuseppe Pietra, Giuseppe Pietra Division of Oncology, The Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philippe Shubik Philippe Shubik Division of Oncology, The Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 3, September 1960, Pages 627–630, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.3.627 Published: 01 September 1960 Article history Received: 28 February 1960 Published: 01 September 1960
Reply to R.L. Bowen et al, M. Froehner et al, J.L. Leow et al, and C. Brady et al
Authors: Kevin T. Nead, Greg Gaskin, Cariad Chester, Samuel Swisher-McClure, Joel T. Dudley, Nicholas J. Leeper, Nigam H. Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Regarding our article 1 on the association of androgen