tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Counterpoint: Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Prostatectomy: Perhaps the Surgical Gold Standard for Prostate Cancer Care
Authors: Mark H. Kawachi
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) has gained immense popularity. This article examines the most critical outcome measures in prostate cancer surgery and shows the reasons why this technique is gaining in popularity. Operative time, length of stay, blood loss, transfusions, postoperative pain, continence, potency, and cancer control all favor or tend toward improvement and benefit in RALP compared with traditional radical retropubic prostatectomy. In addition, as even greater experience and technological improvements are incorporated, further outcome improvements will be appreciated. RALP is now an accepted treatment option for prostate cancer and may soon be the most desirable treatment of prostate cancer patients.
Six-month stability of psychiatric diagnoses in first-admission patients with psychosis
Authors: S Fennig, B Kovasznay, C Rich, R Ram, C Pato, A Miller, J Rubinstein, G Carlson, J E Schwartz, J Phelan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The short-term diagnostic stability of schizophrenic and other psychotic disorders was examined in first-admission patients, with attention to the principal reasons for diagnostic change.Hospitalized first-admission patients (N = 278) participating in an epidemiologic study were interviewed at baseline and after 6 months with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R. A best estimate diagnosis was made at both time points with the use of all available sources of information. Reasons for changes in diagnosis were determined by two psychiatrists.Affective psychosis and schizophrenic disorders were relatively stable broad diagnostic categories over the 6-month period, with 86.5%-88.9% of the patients remaining in the same category, although findings for specific diagnoses within these categories ranged from 61.5% to 85.7%. The groups with unknown and nonspecific diagnoses showed less stability; the diagnoses of more than one-third of these patients remained unknown or nonspecific at the 6-month evaluation. If the 6-month diagnoses are used as the research standard, somewhat lower percentages of patients received the same diagnoses at baseline. Forty-three percent of the changes in diagnosis were attributed to the clinical course of illness; the rest were attributed to the diagnostic process itself.A longitudinal diagnostic assessment based on multiple sources of information is crucial for categorizing first-admission psychotic patients, particularly those who do not initially fit into a DSM-III-R category. The short-term stability of a diagnosis is a function of multiple factors, including the changing clinical picture, additional sources of information, and new interpretations of original data.
Responding to new severe diseases – the case for routine hospital surveillance and clinical networks in Europe
Authors: G Thomson, A Nicoll
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: Responding to new severe diseases – the case for routine hospital surveillance and clinical networks in Europe, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/49/art19745-en-1.gif
Breast cancer (BC) phenotypes in small invasive tumors (pT1a/b pN0).
Authors: B. Radecka, J. Hudala-Klecha, A. Badzio, M. Szwiec, K. Drosik, J. Jassem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11001 Background: Particular molecular subtypes of BC have been shown to manifest various clinical behaviors and treatment outcomes. Small BCs with no lymph node metastasis have a favorable prognosis. The proportion of these tumors is increasing as a result of mammographic screening. In a large consecutive series of early BC patients (pts) we investigated clinical characteristics of small (pT1a/b pN0) vs. larger invasive BCs. Methods: Early BC cases (I and II clinical stage) were divided into four phenotypes: triple negative BC (TNBC), characterized by negativity of both hormone receptors (HR) and HER2 (0-2+ by immunohistochemistry), HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+ and HR-/HER2+. All pts underwent curative surgery between January 2003 and December 2007, followed by radiation and/or systemic therapy according to current standards. Clinicopathological features of < 1 cm versus > 1 cm tumors were compared using chi2 test. Results: Of the 783 tumors, 520, 50, 48 and 165 were classified as HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+ and TNBC, respectively. We identified 86 pts with pT1a or T1b pN0 BC, after excluding 1 pt who received induction chemotherapy. Most tumors were detected accidentally. Small tumors included significantly higher proportion of G1 cases (38% vs. 12%; p < 0.001) and lower proportion of medullary type (0% vs 7.4%; p = 0.017) compared to tumors > 1 cm. Small tumor group included also significantly fewer unfavorable phenotypes: HER2+: 3.4% vs. 14% (p < 0.001); TNBC: 7% vs. 23% (p < 0.001). Other characteristics including age (mean 57.1 vs. 59.1 years) and menopausal status (27% vs. 28% of premenopausal pts) showed no difference. Conclusions: Small invasive BC present favorable phenotypes which can largely contribute to good prognosis. However, these data should be confirmed in larger series. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P3-01-11: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization is highly successful after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for breast cancer
Authors: S Sugg, R Hayes, A Gbenon, I Lizarraga, L Erdahl, R Weigel, J Liao, Y Menda, C Scott-Conner
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Recent multi-center trial results are concerning for the ability to identify SLNs after NCT. SLN localization was shown to be less successful (80%) after NCT when compared with no NCT (99%) (SENTINA), and the SLN identification rate in Z1071 in which all patients received NCT was 93%. Purpose: To examine the effect of NCT, patient and disease characteristics, imaging and surgical technique on SLN localization rates in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: Retrospective, single institution study was performed on patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer from January 2008 to December 2013. All patients who underwent SLN biopsy and either adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) or NCT, were included. All patients underwent lymphoscintigraphy, and SLN biopsy was performed with the definitive breast surgery. Results: 68 patients underwent NCT, and 133 underwent ACT. Our SLN localization rate was 198/201 (98.5%) overall; 98.6% (67 of 68) with NCT and 97.7% (130/133) with ACT (p=1.0). Compared with the NCT group, the ACT patients were significantly older, white, with more ER/PR positive tumors. The NCT group had more positive nodes on preop imaging (64% v. 20%, p&amp;lt;0.001), FNA (82% v. 22%, p&amp;lt;0.001), and a lower use of blue dye (37% v. 61%, p=0.05) but there were no differences in the number of SLN removed (1.43 v. 1.33 p=0.32), or nodes that were positive on intraoperative evaluation (30 v. 33%, p=0.75). Comparing the patients who had successful and failed SLN localization, there were no differences in demographics, tumor type, Stage, prior breast surgery, preoperative node positivity on imaging or FNA or timing of chemotherapy. Conclusion: In this single institution series, SLN non-localization was a rare event and not associated with NCT. We were unable to identify any patient or disease characteristics, imaging or surgical techniques associated with SLN non-localization. The etiology of the lower SLN identification rates with NCT in multi-institutional trials remains to be elucidated. Citation Format: Sugg S, Hayes R, Gbenon A, Lizarraga I, Erdahl L, Weigel R, Liao J, Menda Y, Scott-Conner C. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) localization is highly successful after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) for breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-11.
Trait and behavioral prototypes of personality disorder
Authors: W J Livesley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The author reports a survey of the clinical features used by psychiatrists to diagnose personality disorders. The purpose was to develop definitions of these disorders and to identify behavioral features that could be used as diagnostic criteria. Psychiatrists rated trait and behavioral items describing each disorder for the degree to which they were prototypical of the disorder. Judgments of the prototypical quality of traits and behaviors were found to be equally reliable. Given that behavioral criteria require less inferential judgment, subsequent revisions of criteria to assess personality disorders can employ behavioral criteria in the expectation of improved reliability without loss of validity.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i>Outbreak of Serogroup B Meningococcal Disease at a University — California, 2016
Authors: Hope H. Biswas, George S. Han, Kristen Wendorf, Kathleen Winter, Jennifer Zipprich, Tara Perti, Linda Martinez, Aileen Arellano, Jennifer L. Kyle, Peng Zhang, Kathleen Harriman
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

On January 31, 2016, the Santa Clara County Public Health Department (SCCPHD) was notified of a suspected case of meningococcal disease in a university undergraduate student. By February 2, two additional suspected cases had been reported in undergraduate students living on the same campus. The index patient (patient A) required intensive care, whereas patients B and C had milder illness; there were no deaths. All three patients were part of overlapping social networks and had attended the same events during the week before the onset of patient A's symptoms, but whether they had direct contact with one another could not be verified. Serogroup B Neisseria meningitidis was identified in cerebrospinal fluid and blood from patient A and in blood from patient B. Serogroup B has been responsible for all U.S. college outbreaks of meningococcal disease since 2011 (1). Laboratory results for patient C were inconclusive.
Dynamic changes in Id3 and E-protein activity orchestrate germinal center and plasma cell development
Authors: Renee Gloury, Dimitra Zotos, Malou Zuidscherwoude, Frederick Masson, Yang Liao, Jhaguaral Hasbold, Lynn M. Corcoran, Phil D. Hodgkin, Gabrielle T. Belz, Wei Shi, Stephen L. Nutt, David M. Tarlinton, Axel Kallies
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

The generation of high-affinity antibodies requires germinal center (GC) development and differentiation of long-lived plasma cells in a multilayered process that is tightly controlled by the activity of multiple transcription factors. Here, we reveal a new layer of complexity by demonstrating that dynamic changes in Id3 and E-protein activity govern both GC and plasma cell differentiation. We show that down-regulation of Id3 in B cells is essential for releasing E2A and E2-2, which in a redundant manner are required for antigen-induced B cell differentiation. We demonstrate that this pathway controls the expression of multiple key factors, including Blimp1, Xbp1, and CXCR4, and is therefore critical for establishing the transcriptional network that controls GC B cell and plasma cell differentiation.
The Maryland plan for recruiting psychiatrists into public service
Authors: W Weintraub, H T Harbin, J Book, G W Nyman, A Karahasan, T Krajewski, B L Regan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

A joint initiative by the University of Maryland and the Maryland Mental Hygiene Administration succeeded in recruiting 116 university-trained psychiatrists into state employment in a period of 7 years. The program emphasizes the creation of an academic environment in state treatment facilities, integration of university and state residency training programs, part-time faculty status for state psychiatrists, and rapid promotion of talented young psychiatrists to positions of authority. The program has been successfully implemented at no cost to either the university or the state.
Reactions of Bis (2-Chloroethyl) Sulfide (Mustard Gas) and Some of Its Derivatives with Proteins and Amino Acids&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jonathan L. Hartwell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1946)

Journal Article Reactions of Bis (2-Chloroethyl) Sulfide (Mustard Gas) and Some of Its Derivatives with Proteins and Amino Acids Get access Jonathan L. Hartwell Jonathan L. Hartwell senior chemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 6, Issue 6, June 1946, Pages 319–324, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/6.6.319 Published: 01 June 1946
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE last progress report on this subject was made two years ago. In conformity with the others in this series, this will serve as a guide to important papers published during this period. Articles have been chosen primarily because of their value for the clinical surgeon. Though the most important conclusions of the listed references are cited, the reader should refer to the original articles for additional details.Lower EsophagusAchalasiaThe treatment of achalasia (cardiospasm) depends upon the severity of symptoms and may be medical, by dilatation or by surgery. Since no method guarantees success, surgery usually is reserved . . .
Asbestos-Related Diseases
Authors: C Paris, L Chevreau, M Letourneux
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The growing use of asbestos in France like in other industrialized countries since the beginning of the century is the reason of the increase of asbestos-related diseases, which occur after long latency periods. From asymptomatic benign pleural plaques up to malignant mesothelioma of poor prognosis, the fibrogenic and carcinogenic properties of asbestos mainly concern occupationally exposed subjects. The Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM) expert committee concluded that about 1,950 deaths due to asbestos-related cancers occurred in France in 1996. Reinforcement of French legislation aims at reducing all kinds of asbestos exposure.
Treatment of elderly patients with antineoplastic chemotherapy.
Authors: U Tirelli, S Monfardini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.5.1282 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7738634 Treatment of elderly patients with antineoplastic chemotherapy. U TirellixU TirelliSearch for articles by this author , S MonfardinixS MonfardiniSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.5.1282 PDF "Treatment of elderly patients with antineoplastic chemotherapy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13(5), pp. 1282–1283© 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract ES4-2: Tailoring chemotherapy
Authors: A Ring
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Numerous advances have been made in the management of advanced breast cancer over the last decade. Many of these have focused on the development of targeted agents, capitalising on our increased understanding of the molecular pathways involved in breast cancer biology. Nonetheless for many patients the backbone of treatment remains cytotoxic chemotherapy, either as a sole therapy (in those with cancer phenotypes where additional targeted therapy is not indicated) or combined with targeted therapy. Whilst most of the chemotherapy agents indicated in the treatment of advanced breast cancer have been available in the clinic for many years there remain controversies and variations in practice around the use of these standard agents. This presentation will discuss the indications and factors which should be taken into account in making the choice between combinations as compared sequential single agent chemotherapy. The clinical trial evidence will be overviewed with examples from clinical practice. The continuation of chemotherapy beyond maximal response and the advantages and disadvantages of maintenance chemotherapy will then be discussed. This will lead on to a discussion of whether there is a population of patients in whom metronomic low-dose chemotherapy might be indicated. In the final part of the presentation whether choice of chemotherapy should be influenced by tumour phenotype as defined by estrogen receptor status, HER2 status and the patient's germline BRCA mutation status will be discussed. At the conclusion of this educational session it is anticipated that the attendees will have a good understanding of the evidence underlying these areas, as well as practical knowledge which will help in clinical practice. It is hoped that better understanding of the optimal use of chemotherapy will maximise the benefit of these agents for our patients: gaining longest possible control of disease with best possible quality of life. Citation Format: Ring A. Tailoring chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES4-2.
Regression of Parathyroid Hyperplasia by Calcitriol-Pulse Therapy in Patients on Long-Term Dialysis
Authors: M Fukagawa, R Okazaki, K Takano, S Kaname, E Ogata, M Kitaoka, S Harada, N Sekine, T Matsumoto, K Kurokawa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)
Growth hormone levels and lithium ratios as predictors of success of lithium therapy in schizophrenia
Authors: J Hirschowitz, F P Zemlan, D L Garver
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors previously found a high correlation between lithium response and clinical diagnostic criteria in a subgroup of schizophrenic-like patients who responded favorably to lithium therapy. In the present study the authors extend this research by using biological markers to predict and identify such patients. They examined growth hormone (GH) response to apomorphine administration and the in vitro lithium ratio in 31 patients before and after a 2-week lithium trial. Peak GH levels (greater than or equal to 20 ng/ml) and lithium ratios (greater than or equal to .39) were correlated with a positive response to lithium therapy. The authors discuss 1) the use of these two biological markers to predict the success of lithium therapy in schizophrenia and 2) biological abnormalities characteristic of lithium-responsive schizophrenic patients.
Antiparkinsonian agents and fluphenazine decanoate
Authors: S Idzorek
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The author examined the incidence and severity of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in 19 male psychotic outpatients receiving fluphenazine decanoate. Ten patients developed an EPS; only 3 had symptoms of the highest severity. The data suggest that neither prophylactic nor long-term use of antiparkinsonian agents is necessary for most patients receiving fluphenazine decanoate. On the basis of a comparison to a study of fluphenazine enanthate patients, the author concludes that fluphenazine decanoate is the drug of choice in terms of incidence and severity of EPS.
ONC201 Induces p53-Independent Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in Hematological Malignancies and Leukemic Stem/Progenitor Cells By Inducing ER Stress and mTOR Inhibition
Authors: Jo Ishizawa, Kensuke Kojima, Dhruv Chachad, Peter P. Ruvolo, Vivian R Ruvolo, Rodrigo Jacamo, Archana Dilip, Hong Mu, Zhihong Zeng, Polina Matre, Joshua E. Allen, Sattva S Neelapu, Timothy J. McDonnell, Roberto N. Miranda, Larry W. Kwak, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Marina Konopleva, R Eric Davis, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract P3-04-04: Estrogen receptor β5 increases aggressiveness of the triple negative breast cancer cell line SUM159
Authors: M Faria, C Tin-U, P Dey, J-A Gustafsson, AM Strom
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Recent clinical studies are indicating that the estrogen receptor β variant β5 (ERβ5) expression correlates to worse prognosis. We wanted to know if expression of ERβ5 is changing the growth behavior of the triple negative cell line SUM159. Estrogen receptor β5 is highly similar to estrogen receptor β1 except for a truncated C-terminus making the remaining ligand binding domain incapable of binding to estrogen. In addition a 4 amino acid unique peptide is added to the C-terminal end. Stably expressing ERβ5 using a transposon integrated tetracycline regulated expression system we find that expression of ERβ5 increases proliferation of the triple negative SUM159 cells especially in reduced serum condition compared to control cells. Since SUM159 have been shown to depend on autocrine stimulation for growth we are suggesting that expression of ERβ5 is affecting the production of autocrine growth factors. Citation Format: Faria M, Tin-U C, Dey P, Gustafsson J-A, Strom AM. Estrogen receptor β5 increases aggressiveness of the triple negative breast cancer cell line SUM159. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-04.
Abstract B11: Mutational heterogeneity in non-serous ovarian cancers.
Authors: Jaime Teer, Sean Yoder, Anxhela Gjyshi, Chaomei Zhang, Alvaro Monteiro
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: The mutational landscape of non-serous ovarian carcinomas is underexplored despite their substantial contribution to ovarian cancer morbidity and mortality. In this study we report whole exome sequencing analysis of 10 non-serous ovarian tumors and matched normal samples. We also report targeted gene sequencing results of an additional 28 non-serous tumor samples targeting 1,321 genes selected for their involvement in cancer. Methods: Whole exome capture was performed using Roche NimbleGen SeqCap EZ, followed by sequencing of captured libraries using an Illumina HiScan platform. Target gene capture was performed using SureSelect custom designs, using GAIIx sequencing technology. Sequences from both experimental procedures were aligned to the human genome using the Burrows-Wheeler Aligner and the Genome Analysis ToolKit was used for insertion/deletion realignment, quality score calibration, and variant identification. Mutations were detected with MuTect or Strelka (whole exome) or GATK (target gene). Results: We annotated 32,965 somatic mutations (829-15,737 per tumor) for an overall rate of mutation 12.2 per Mb. Interestingly, a BRCA2 frameshift mutation was observed in mucinous tumors; although inherited BRCA mutations have not been previously observed in mucinous histology. TP53 mutations were much less common than observed in high-grade serous ovarian cancers. PTEN stood out as a gene containing truncating mutations in many samples. We confirmed FOXL2 importance in granulosa, KRAS in mucinous histology and identified POLE mutations in endometrioid ovarian samples. Finally, we report comparative analysis of our results to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Conclusion: In summary, we report that non-serous ovarian tumors are mutationally distinct from serous ovarian tumors, having a mutational profile more similar to non-serous endometrial cancers. Citation Format: Jaime Teer, Sean Yoder, Anxhela Gjyshi, Chaomei Zhang, Alvaro Monteiro. Mutational heterogeneity in non-serous ovarian cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B11.