tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual gastric encounter: a beef tapeworm diagnosed by gastroscopy
Authors: Pascale Mercky, Jean-Michel Gonzalez, Philippe Ah-Soune
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 66-year-old man was referred for investigation of melena with a fall in hemoglobin of 1.5 g/dl over 3 days. He was undergoing treatment with carboplatin, gemcitabine, and erlotinib for bone metastases from a non-small cell lung cancer and was taking fluindione for atrial fibrillation. He complained of diffuse abdominal pain and moderate weight loss, both of which were being attributed to his chemotherapy and the underlying cancer. A gastroduodenoscopy was performed, which showed erythematous gastritis. Towards the end of the endoscopy, while sucking up bile refluxing into the stomach, we were surprised when the suction caught a live tapeworm coming from the jejunum – usually this would be attached to the jejunal mucosa, the most frequent location for implantation of the scolex ([Fig. 1]). We finally withdrew a 50-cm tapeworm, which was confirmed as a Taenia saginata by microscopic examination ([Fig. 2]).
Abstract IA-23: TERT, senescence, and transformation
Authors: Yoshiko Maida, Yoshihide Hayashizaki, Kenkichi Masutomi, William C. Hahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Constitutive expression of telomerase in human cells prevents the onset of senescence and crisis by maintaining telomere homeostasis. However, accumulating evidence suggests that the human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) contributes to cell physiology independent of its ability to elongate telomeres. We have recently found that hTERT interacts with the RNA component of mitochondrial RNA processing endoribonuclease (RMRP), a gene that is mutated in the inherited pleiotropic syndrome Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia (CHH). hTERT and RMRP form a distinct ribonucleoprotein complex that exhibits RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) activity and produces double-stranded RNAs that can be processed into small interfering RNA in a Dicer-dependent manner. These observations identify a mammalian RdRP composed of hTERT in complex with RMRP. Since mutations in RMRP are found in CHH, these findings suggest that perturbation of the hTERT-RMRP complex is involved in the pathogenesis of this disorder. The involvement of hTERT in two syndromes characterized by stem cell failure (CHH and dyskeratosis congenita) suggests that ribonucleoprotein complexes containing hTERT play a critical role in stem cell biology. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):IA-23.
AB1341 Accuracy of veterans affairs database for gout-related health care utilization
Authors: J.A. Singh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Gout outcome studies have used administrative and claims databases to assess It is unknown whether administrative-derived data are accurate and specific for gout-related utilization. <h3>Objectives</h3> The goal of the study was to assess the accuracy of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative and clinical databases claims for gout-related health care utilization. <h3>Methods</h3> This retrospective study utilized the VA administrative and clinical databases claims in the fiscal year 2006. The data programmer identified a cohort consisting of randomly mixed sample of two types of visits: those visits with gout as primary or secondary diagnosis and those with diseases other than gout as primary and secondary diagnosis. A well-trained senior epidemiologist (JS) blinded to the database information related to the visit performed review of electronic health record (EHR). The gold standard was medical record documentation of gout or gout-related terms (gouty arthritis, tophaceous gout, acute gout, chronic gout, podagra) in the chief complaint, history of present illness or assessment and plan for the visit. This indicated that gout was the main or one of the main reasons for the visit. We assessed the accuracy of database-derived gout-related utilization by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV). <h3>Results</h3> Of the 108 potential visits, 85 visits to a health care provider (in 85 patients: 84 men, 1 women with mean age of 63 years) in one of the three settings (outpatient, inpatient or urgent care/emergency room) and retrievable data from medical records, constituted the analyzed dataset. According to the gold standard of chart documentation, 21 visits were related to gout and 64 were not. Administrative claims for visits related to gout were accurate with excellent PPV of 86%, sensitivity of 86%, specificity of 95% and NPV of 95%. There were three visits coded as gout-related visit in databases, that did not have medical record documentation as related to gout: one visit each to discuss blood pressure medication, regular follow-up for multiple medical problems and for increased blood sugar. Three visits coded as not related to gout in administrative databases were related to gout based on medical record documentation: one patient with continuing acute gout, one with a new diagnosis with documentation of urate crystals in knee joint fluid and one with chronic gout stable on allopurinol. <h3>Conclusions</h3> VA databases can be used to identify gout-related visits with acceptable accuracy. This finding should allow for studies of health services outcomes to identify gout-related utilization using VA databases. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Singh Grant/Research support from: takeda, savient, Consultant for: takeda, savient, URL, Novartis, Ardea, URL
Production of Kidney Tumors in Rats With Low Dose of Dimethylnitrosamine After Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: R P Evarts, C A Brown, M H Mostafa
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The occurrence of kidney tumors in inbred Wistar rats as a result of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) administration at different intervals after partial hepatectomy was studied. The schedule for DMN administration was determined on the basis of the levels of liver dimethylnitrosamine demethylase (DMN-d) at different intervals after the operation. DMN-d was 62% of the control values at 24 hours, 72% at 72 hours, and 96% at 92 hours after the operation. At these intervals a single dose of DMN (10 mg/kg body wt) was given to partially hepatectomized animals and to untreated controls. At termination, when the animals were 94 weeks old, no kidney tumors were found in the control animals, whereas 23 of 54 animals (43%) that had been given injections of DMN 24 hours after partial hepatectomy developed kidney tumors. Kidney tumor incidence was 28 or 12%, respectively, when the carcinogen was administered 72 or 92 hours after the operation. The kidney tumor incidence and the activity of liver DMN-d were inversely related.
Abstract 1817: Expression of the Kaiso-binding partner Znf131 negatively correlates with cell proliferation in murine intestinal and human breast tumor tissues.
Authors: Joseph Longo, Shaiya Robinson, Roopali Chaudhary, Juliet M. Daniel
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Znf131 is a relatively uncharacterized member of the POZ-ZF family of transcription factors with suspected roles in both vertebrate development and carcinogenesis. Previous studies from our lab identified Znf131 as a specific binding partner of another POZ-ZF protein, Kaiso, which has been implicated as a regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Our lab successfully generated an intestinal-specific Kaiso overexpressing (KaisoTg/+) mouse model, which was found to exhibit enlarged crypts and mild hyperplasia in the small intestine. Several lines of evidence implicate Znf131 in cell proliferation, but whether Znf131 expression increases or decreases cell proliferation has yet to be elucidated. To determine whether Znf131 expression correlates with increased proliferation in hyperplastic KaisoTg/+ crypts, the expression and localization of Znf131 was correlated with the proliferation marker Ki-67 in KaisoTg/+ and wildtype (WT) mouse intestinal tissues. Znf131 nuclear expression was localized to the Paneth cell region of the crypts in both the KaisoTg/+ and WT small intestinal tissues, but decreased Znf131 expression was observed in the KaisoTg/+ model. Intriguingly, Ki-67 was localized to the progenitor cell region of the crypts and was excluded from Znf131-positive nuclei. In contrast to our hypothesis, these results suggest that Znf131 negatively correlates with cell proliferation. Since Znf131 has also been implicated as a regulator of ERα, we repeated these experiments using human breast tumor tissues to determine whether the observed results were tissue specific. We detected decreased nuclear expression of Znf131 in breast tumor tissues compared to matched normal tissues, and we observed a negative correlation between the nuclear expression of Znf131 and the histologic grade and stage of the tumor. Collectively, our results from both murine intestinal and human breast tumor tissues suggest a negative correlation between Znf131 nuclear expression and cell proliferation and raise the possibility that Znf131 may act as a tumor suppressor. Citation Format: Joseph Longo, Shaiya Robinson, Roopali Chaudhary, Juliet M. Daniel. Expression of the Kaiso-binding partner Znf131 negatively correlates with cell proliferation in murine intestinal and human breast tumor tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1817. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1817
AB0434 Association between cardiovascular events and classic cardiovascular risk factors and disease characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S. Gil, L. del Olmo, S. García, P. Alcocer, L. Lojo, C. Plasencia, M.G. Bonilla, A. Balsa, E. Martin-Mola
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular events (ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke and peripheral artery disease) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the association with classic cardiovascular risk factors and disease characteristics such as bone erosions, extra-articular manifestations and the presence of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies (ACPA) and Rheumatoid Factor (RF). <h3>Methods</h3> An observational retrospective study was performed on 306 patients diagnosed with Rheumatoid Arthritis. A questionnarie was designed which was filled out at routine visits to the rheumatology clinic in which we assesed the date of RA diagnosis, cardiovascular events, classic cardiovascular risk factors, RA clinical characteristics and concomitant treatments. <h3>Results</h3> our cohort included 306 patients, 229 (74.8%) women, mean age 63.1±13.3 years. In our study, 234 (76.5%) patients were positive for RF and 229 (74.8%) for ACPA, 192 (62.7%) had bone erosions and 55 (18.0%) extra-articular manifestations. Cardiovascular events occurred in 52 (17.0%) patients, most (34 cases, 65.3%) after the diagnosis of RA; 4 patients (7.6%) had an stroke, 4 (7.6%) peripheral artery disease, 14 (26.9%) heart failure and 30 (57.6%) acute myocardial infarction. Cardiovascular events appeared more frequently in patients with high blood pressure [OR 9.1; (95% CI 4.2-19.5; <i>p</i>&lt;0.001)], diabetes mellitus [OR 2.9; 95% CI 1.4-5.9; p 0.003)], hypercholesterolemia [OR 2.5; 95% CI 1.3-4.7; p 0.003)] and hypertriglyceridemia [OR 3.4; 95% CI 1.7-6.8; p 0.001)]. We observed higher frequency of cardiovascular events in patients who had bone erosions [OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.9-3.9; p 0.07] and in those with extra-articular manifestations [OR 1.9; 95% CI 0.9-3.9; p 0.07]. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Classic cardiovascular risk factors have a high prevalence in patients with RA. The most frequent cardiovascular event was ischemic heart disease. In our study, we observed that there is a correlation between the presence of classic cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular events. There is a greater number of cardiovascular events in patients with bone erosions and RA extra-articular manifestations than in patients without these characteristics, though the difference was not statistically significant. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
PTU-166 Comparative outcomes following surgery for patients entering OEO2 and magic neo-adjuvant regimens
Authors: A Reece-Smith, J P Duffy, S Madhusudan, S L Parsons
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> MAGIC<sup>1</sup> regimen of three cycles of ECF chemotherapy pre- and post-op is widely used in gastric cancer but its use in oesophageal cancer remains controversial. We have compared post operative survival outcomes of oesophageal and GOJ cancer patients entered into either OEO2<sup>2</sup> (2 cycles of CF pre-operatively) or MAGIC regimen to determine if either is advantageous. <h3>Methods</h3> A database of cancer resections was maintained from 2000 until present. Patients fit for treatment were mainly given OEO2 regimen from 2002 to 2006 and MAGIC regimen from 2006-present. The database was searched for patients receiving pre-operative chemotherapy using either ECF/X or CF/X. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was undertaken using log-rank test for comparisons. <h3>Results</h3> Median follow-up was more than 8.5 years for the 97 patients with complete data in the OE02 group and 3.7 years for the 138 complete patients in the MAGIC group. Oesophageal cancer patients that had received MAGIC regimen pre-operatively had significantly longer median survival compared to those that had received OE02 (34.0 months vs 23.4 months, p=0.033). A significant benefit was not shown in GOJ cancer (MAGIC: 32.3 months, OE02: 23.5 months, p=0.095) <h3>Conclusion</h3> Oesophageal cancer patients attending for curative surgery that commenced treatment with MAGIC style chemotherapy have better survival than patients that started OE02 regimen. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Cunningham</b>, <i>et al.</i><i>NEJM</i> 2006;<b>355</b>:11–20. 2. <b>MRC Working Party</b>. <i>Lancet</i> 2002;<b>359</b>:1727–33.
Spontaneous Hyphema Associated with Ingestion of<i>Ginkgo biloba</i>Extract
Authors: Marc Rosenblatt, Joel Mindel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

To the Editor: In the clinical debate over the treatment of choice for acute myocardial infarction (Oct.24 issue), 1,2 Lange and Hillis argue in favor of thrombolysis.Table 2 in their rebuttal contains two important errors that may mislead many readers.First, the cited report by Eckman et al. 3 is a pooled analysis that included 614 patients from the study by O'Keefe et al., 4 originally reported by Kahn et al. 5 In addition, 383 patients from the study by Brodie et al. 6 were included in the pooled analysis by Eckman et al. 3 Therefore, 997 patients treated with primary angioplasty are represented twice.Second, according to the reports by Brodie 7 and O'Keefe et al., 4 a large proportion of the patients were not eligible for thrombolysis, and the mortality rate was lower among the candidates for thrombolysis who underwent primary angioplasty.Brodie 7 reported that the candidates for thrombolysis had a mortality rate of 5.5 percent at 30 days, and O'Keefe et al. 4 reported that those eligible for thrombolysis had an in-hospital mortality rate of only 3 percent.F ELIX Z IJLSTRA , M.D.
Abstract B53: Cytotoxic effect of 21kDa protein and antitumor effect of 31KDa protein derived from mushroom, schizophyllum commune
Authors: Yu-Sheng Wu, Po-Yen Chang, Su-Nan Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The present study attempts to the purified proteins from mushrooms that way activate and stimulate the proliferation of immune cell, resulting in the onset phagocytosis and nature killer cell (NK cell) activity, and promotes the cytotoxicity of tumor cell. In this study 21 and 30 KDa protein from fermentation liquid of the mushroom Schizophyllum commune were purified that exhibit a distinct cytotoxic capability: The 21 KDa protein was demonstrated to be capable of stimulating the NK cell activity, while the 30 KDa protein prevent the proliferation of Lewis lung carcinoma in vitro. Furthermore it was also forward that 21 KDa protein stimulate the the proliferation of mouse splenocyte at a various concentration levels without agglutinating the red blood cell of ICR mouse. Our result showed that when we used concentration level of 27 µg/ml protein, a significant activity of NK cell was obtained (p&amp;lt; 0.05). In addition 30 KDa protein may activate macrophage RAW264.7 enhance to production of nitric oxide and TNF-α, However, the production of nitric oxide by RAW264.7 was relied on the dose of 30 KDa protein in vitro. Based on the results, the purified proteins protein from Schizophyllum commune were potent immue stimulants and has a potential for development as a novel pharmacological agent. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):B53.
Time of Election for Abdominal Surgery in Childhood
Authors: Edward J. Donovan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE majority of abdominal surgical conditions in children under one year of age are due directly to some developmental anomaly. Infection, which plays a minor role in the abdominal surgery of the first year of life, subsequently forms the basis of many pathologic processes as it does in adult life. The processes found in infants are identical with those observed in adults, except that they are modified by conditions peculiar to early life. The modifying factors are often not entirely a disadvantage to the surgeon, for an infant's failure to co-operate makes the examiner observe more carefully and judge more . . .
From the authors:
Authors: T. Nukiwa, M. Ebina, M. Takeuchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

Mixed-effects models provide a powerful and versatile statistical method for analysing longitudinal data and should be used wherever possible.Efforts by authors, including a full disclosure of the number of missing data and the reason for missingness (accomplished with plots for each arm stratified on the reason why data are missing), will help readers to better interpret, understand and apply results.
Abstract 236: DKK-3, a secreted Wnt antagonist, suppresses tumorigenic potential and lung metastasis of osteosarcoma
Authors: Yi Guo, Elyssa Rubin, Jonathan Pourmorady, Alexander Christ, Kevin Rooney, Ramez Eskander, Toshinori Sakai, Nitin Bhatia, Xiaolin Zi, Bang H Hoang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone. Current therapeutic protocols focus on intensive chemotherapy and radical surgical resection. However, 5-year survival rate remains low when patients present with pulmonary metastasis, suggesting a need for more effective targeted therapies. In this study, we examined the in vivo anti-tumor effects of Dickkopf-3 (Dkk-3), a secreted Wnt antagonist, in a mouse model of osteosarcoma. Osteosarcoma 143B cells over-expressing Dkk-3(143B/Dkk-3) was established by stable gene transfection. To examine the effects of Dkk-3 on tumorigenesis and lung metastasis of osteosarcoma, nude mice were injected subcutaneously or orthotopically in the proximal tibia with 143B/Dkk-3-transfected vs. control cells to establish local tumor and lung metastasis. Dkk-3 dramatically inhibited local tumor growth in engrafted mice. In the orthotopic intratibial injection model, 143B/Dkk-3 cells formed significantly fewer lung nodules than control cells. In order to determine the potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-tumor effect of DKK3 on osteosarcoma, we examined the reversal of EMT (Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition) and the expression of c-Met and MMPs (Matrix metalloproteinase) by real time PCR and western blot. Dkk-3 significantly reversed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of osteosarcoma cells by inducing expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin, keratin 8, and keratin18) and repressing the expression of mesenchymal markers (N-cadherin, Vimentin, and fibronectin). Dkk-3 also inhibited the expression and proteolytic activity of metalloproteinases and down-regulated oncogenic c-Met expression. Our study suggested that Dkk-3 effectively inhibits both local tumor growth and lung metastasis by suppressing multiple oncogenic pathways. Therefore, over-expressing DKK3 may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for osteosarcoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 236. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-236
Phase I Trial of Semustine Plus Weekly Fluorouracil and High-Dose Leucovorin Calcium in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer
Authors: J. L. ABBRUZZESE, A. WEEKS, M. N. RABER, D. GRAVEL, R. A. DUBROW, B. LEVIN, J. GREM, H. G. CHUN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Phase I Trial of Semustine Plus Weekly Fluorouracil and High-Dose Leucovorin Calcium in Patients With Advanced Colorectal Cancer Get access JAMES L. ABBRUZZESE, JAMES L. ABBRUZZESE Section of Gastrointestinal, Oncology and Digestive Diseases, Division, of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterBox 78, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ALBERT WEEKS, ALBERT WEEKS Section of Gastrointestinal, Oncology and Digestive Diseases, Division, of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterBox 78, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MARTIN N. RABER, MARTIN N. RABER Section of Gastrointestinal, Oncology and Digestive Diseases, Division, of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterBox 78, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DIANE GRAVEL, DIANE GRAVEL Section of Gastrointestinal, Oncology and Digestive Diseases, Division, of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterBox 78, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar RONELLE A. DUBROW, RONELLE A. DUBROW Section of Gastrointestinal, Oncology and Digestive Diseases, Division, of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer CenterBox 78, 1515 Holcombe Blvd. Houston, TX 77030 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BERNARD LEVIN, BERNARD LEVIN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JEAN GREM, JEAN GREM Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar HOO G. CHUN HOO G. CHUN Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer InstituteBethesda, MD Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 23, 6 December 1989, Pages 1840–1842, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.23.1840 Published: 06 December 1989
A Synthetic Pentasaccharide for the Prevention of Deep-Vein Thrombosis after Total Hip Replacement
Authors: Alexander G.G. Turpie, Alexander S. Gallus, Jacob A. Hoek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Venous thromboembolism is a frequent complication of total hip replacement. The pentasaccharide Org31540/SR90107A, a highly selective, indirect inhibitor of activated factor X, is the first of a new class of synthetic antithrombotic agents. To determine the optimal dose for phase 3 studies, we conducted a dose-ranging study in which Org31540/SR90107A was compared with a low-molecular-weight heparin, enoxaparin, in patients undergoing total hip replacement.