tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0068 Potential Regulation of Mast Cell Function via Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Pathway
Authors: K. Masuko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Mast cells release important chemical mediators, including histamine, for the regulation of allergic reactions and inflammation upon activation with IgE-mediated or non IgE-mediated stimuli. Recently, we reported using a murine mast cell line P815, that inflammation-induced mast cell activation would be modulated in vitro by amino acid concentration in culture milieu suggesting that nutrition-related factors might contribute to the modulation of mast cell function (Kawamoto et al, 2013). On the other hand, diet-derived natural PPAR agonists such as n-3 fatty acids are known to play an important role in regulating inflammation; however, the potential effect of PPAR agonists in mast cells in non IgE-dependent responses have been largely unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the potential regulation of mast cell functions by PPAR signaling in inflammation. <h3>Methods</h3> The murine mast cell line P815 was cultured in vitro until reaching confluence. Cells were then pretreated or not with either a synthetic PPARα agonist fenofibrate or a PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone, and stimulated or not by IL-6 for 24 h. After the culture, levels of histamine release in the supernatant were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassay. <h3>Results</h3> First it was observed that stimulation of P815 mast cells with the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 increased histamine level in the culture supernatant, as consistent with previous reports. In addition, the P815 mast cells treated with either of the PPAR agonists alone showed increased levels of histamine release. Pretreatment of the mast cells with PPAR agonist did not enhance the cellular response to IL-6. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results demonstrated that the mast cell function could be modulated in part via PPAR pathway. The findings support that synthetic and natural PPAR agonists would modify inflammatory responses via regulating mast cell functions. <h3>References</h3> Kawamoto M, Masuko K. (2013) Modulation of Mast Cell Function by Amino Acids In vitro: A Potential Mechanism of Immunonutrition for Wound Healing. J Nutrition Health Food Sci 1(1): 6. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The authors thank Ms Yuka Shimura for her excellent technical assistance. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4833
Detection of Duplex Kidney on a Whole-Body F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomographic Scan
Authors: KOTTEKKATTU K. BALAN, ANUPAMA BALAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine and Oncology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom Received for publication August 19, 2002. Accepted September 24, 2002. Correspondence: K. K. Balan, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Box 170, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, United Kingdom. E-mail: [email protected]
FRI0043 Decoy receptor 3 influence the gene expression of various key molecules in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts
Authors: K. Fukuda, Y. Miura, T. Maeda, S. Hayashi, M. Takahashi, M. Kurosaka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) is a secreted decoy tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and competitively binds and inhibits the TNF family including Fas-ligand (FasL), LIGHT, and TL1A. DcR3 is overexpressed in tumor cells and might benefit tumors by helping them to avoid cytotoxic and regulatory effects of the ligands. We previously reported that DcR3 overexpressed in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RA-FLS) stimulated by TNF-alpha protects the cells from Fas-induced apoptosis (1). Meanwhile, recent studies have suggested that DcR3 directly induces osteoclast formation from monocytes (2), and that DcR3 triggers enhanced adhesion of monocytes via reverse signalling (3,4). We recently reported that DcR3 binds to TL1A expressed on RA-FLS resulting in the negative regulation of cell proliferation induced by inflammatory cytokines (5). Therefore, DcR3 may regulate gene expressions in RA-FLS by binding to TL1A on RA-FLS as a ligand. <h3>Objectives</h3> In the present study, we studied the genes expression profiles in RA-FLS regulated by DcR3. <h3>Methods</h3> Four individual lines of primary cultured RA-FLS were incubated with either 1.0 μg/ml of recombinant human DcR3-Fc protein (DcR3-Fc) or control IgG1 for 12h. After the incubation, RNA was extracted and reverse-transcribed to cDNA. Gene expressions were detected by microarray assay (GeneChip® 3’ Expression Array, Affymetrix). The relative gene expression profiles in DcR3-stimulated cells and controls were analysed by AVADIS® software (Strand Life Sciences). <h3>Results</h3> Microarray data analysis revealed that DcR3 up-regulates and down-regulates gene expression in RA-FLS. Among the most significantly regulated 100 genes by DcR3, 45 genes were up-regulated and 55 genes were down-regulated. The functions of up-regulated genes included protein complex assembly, cell motility, regulation of transcription, cellular protein catabolic process, cell membrane, nucleotide binding, and glycosylation. Meanwhile, those of down-regulated genes included transcription regulator activity, RNA biosynthetic process, cytoskeleton, zinc finger region, protein complex assembly, phosphate metabolic process, mitochondrion, ion transport, nucleotide binding, and cell fraction. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study, we first revealed the gene expression profiles in RA-FLS regulated by DcR3. Combined with our previous findings, DcR3 may regulate the gene expression of various key molecules in RA-FLS by binding to TL1A and affect the pathogenesis of RA. <h3>References</h3> Hayashi S. et al., Arthritis and Rheum, 56,1067-1074,2007 Yang CR. et al., Cell Death and Differentiation 11, S97-S107, 2004 Hsu MJ. et al., Exp Cell Res 292, 241-251, 2004 Tateishi K. et al., Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 389,593-598,2009 Takahashi M. et al., Int J Mol Med., 28,423-427,2011 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Nine in 10 general practices struggle to find locum cover
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Almost nine in 10 general practices in England struggle to find locum doctors to fill staffing gaps, a BMA survey has warned.

The poll of 2814 general practices in England (roughly a third of the total number) also found that only one in 10 practices did not need to use locum services.

Almost half of the practices surveyed (46%) reported that they “frequently” have trouble finding locum cover, while a further 40% said that they “occasionally” have problems.

The …
Asymptomatic colonic spirochetosis with severe inflammation on endoscopy
Authors: Koichiro Abe, Mai Okubo, Yamato Mashimo, Akari Isono, Tadahisa Ebato, Takatsugu Yamamoto, Taro Ishii, Kazufusa Hoshimoto, Hiroto Kita, Yasushi Kuyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Intestinal spirochetosis is a condition defined by the presence of spirochetal microorganisms that have attached to the luminal surface of the intestinal epithelium [1]. The disease is relatively rare in developed countries, but the prevalence tends to be much higher in developing countries, as well as among homosexual individuals and those who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive [2]. Spirochetes are difficult to cultivate in culture media; therefore, the diagnosis is made based on characteristic histopathological findings such as a basophilic fringe that produces a brush border on the epithelium of the intestinal surface. Despite the presence of digestive symptoms, endoscopic examination often shows a normal-appearing mucosa [3]. Metronidazole is frequently prescribed for treatment in immunosuppressed patients and those with invasive disease, while some reports have suggested that treatment may not be necessary for noninvasive and asymptomatic cases [4] [5].
Abstract 1333: Advanced Cardiac Imaging Uncovers Diagnosis in Patients With Persistent Chest Pain
Authors: Margo Minissian, Louise Thomson, Yuching Yang, Chrisandra Shufelt, Jo-Ann Eastwood, Daniel Berman, Noel Bairey-Merz
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Persistent chest pain (PCP) is often a diagnostic dilemma in women. The use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) for advanced diagnostic assessment in female patients with PCP is a non-ionizing radiation option, but the diagnostic utility in this population is unknown. We examined the role of CMRI in the diagnosis for women with PCP. Methods: At a tertiary chest pain center, we analyzed 113 consecutive patients who had prior cardiac evaluations for PCP and underwent CMRI. CMRI included anatomic, functional, adenosine stress perfusion and delayed enhancement imaging. Results: The population demographics included a mean age of 55 + SD years with an average BMI of 25±4.5. Overall, 43% had hypertension, 4% had diabetes and 3% were smokers. Among these women, 80/113 (70%) demonstrated abnormal CMR results (Figure). The majority of these patients demonstrated findings consistent with subendocardial perfusion abnormalities consistent with microvascular angina. Of note, 3 patients (4%) were di...
Implementation of a triage system to reduce wait time and prioritise care for high-risk obstetric patients in a regional hospital in Accra, Ghana
Authors: Medge D Owen, Liz Floyd, Fiona Bryce, Rohit Ramaswamy, Nancy Pearson, Kerry Morgan, Sung Min Kim, Sebnem Ucer, Cecilia Tettah, Emmanuel K Srofenyoh
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background In Ghana, childbirth facilities operate a first-come, first-serve system, leading to delays for women who present with dangerous conditions such as haemorrhage and pre-eclampsia. At Ridge Regional Hospital in Accra, more than 70% of women are referred from more than 100 surrounding facilities, but frequently have long wait times before assessment. A triage process would allow important prioritisation of at-risk patients. We designed and implemented an obstetric triage system and aimed to measure the effect of this programme on wait times for all obstetric patients presenting for care at Ridge Regional Hospital in Accra, Ghana.
Case 28-1975
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Gordon L. Snider, Mark A. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseA 52-year-old woman entered the hospital for a lung biopsy.She was well until 16 years earlier, when the first of multiple crops of purpuric lesions of the legs developed. During the next five years these episodes were accompanied by vague symptoms that included fever, arthralgia, myalgia, headache, tinnitus, fatigue, pleuritic pain and hemoptysis. Ten years before admission the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated, and a test for rheumatoid factor was positive; the platelet count was normal. A brief trial of adrenocorticosteroid therapy resulted in improvement only at doses that she could not tolerate. The symptoms recurred, . . .
P1255 DOES LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENT (LS) BY TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY (TE) HAVE A ROLE IN EVALUATION OF PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN?
Authors: Z.A. El-Kabbany, G.M. Esmat, A. Elsharkawy, M. Galab, A.M. Sheded
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
P46 Effects of physical activity top up 'PAT on the back' programme on exercise capacity and healthcare utilisation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: G. Arbane, A. Douiri, L. Enright, L. Haggis, T. Poulter, R. Garrod
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is a proven effective treatment, however benefits tend to decline between 6 and 12 months post rehabilitation. Randomised controlled trials of maintenance programmes show little effect of supervised maintenance after PR However, a short intense bout of physical training, provided post rehabilitation may be sufficient to restore exercise tolerance. This study tests the hypothesis that a Physical Activity Top up programme (PAT on the back) will result in improvements in exercise tolerance as compared with no top up. <h3>Methods</h3> 31 patients with stable COPD, who had undertaken Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) at least 6 months previously were randomised to 4 weeks of PAT exercise once weekly or usual care. Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT) data were collected pre PAT (T1), post PAT (T2) and 3 months end of PAT programme (T3). QoL (SGRQ) and breathlessness (LCADL) were measured at the same time points. Generalised estimating equation (GEE) regression models and univariate analysis of variance were used to analyse data where subjects performed all assessments and ISWT results from end PR was used as covariate, with ISWT as dependant variable. <h3>Results</h3> 23 subjects completed all assessments. The intervention group increases 0.9 m for every 1 m increase achieved at T1, p=0.027. The intervention group shows an overall improvement of 47.3 m, with an average increase of 17.26 m per time point. A significant time effect (p = 0.02) mean difference (SD) T1–T3 in control group showed the intervention group were 79.6 m improved with CI 15 to 143.8. There was no group or time effect for QoL or LCADL (Abstract P46 Figure 1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> A brief 4 week intervention ‘PAT on the back’ did little to change QoL or breathlessness but was effective in maintaining exercise tolerance over a 3 month period compared to usual care in which walking distance significantly deteriorated.
Ferric oxyhydroxide microparticles in water
Authors: Donald O. Whittemore, Donald Langmuir
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Mineralogy and specific surface area are major controls on the stabilities of ferric oxyhydroxide microparticles in natural waters. The thermodynamic stabilities of ferric oxyhydroxides, as described by the activity product in solution pK = −log [Fe3+] [OH−]3 range from pK = 37.1 for freshly precipitated amorphous oxyhydroxide to pK = 44.2 for well crystallized goethite. The sizes of suspended oxyhydroxide particles in natural waters range from less than 0.01 μm to greater than 5 μm. Oxyhydroxides precipitated in the laboratory from solutions simulating high-iron natural waters are needlelike or lathlike in shape and have mean thicknesses as small as 60 Å. Large specific surface areas resulting from the small sizes of ferric oxyhydroxide particles cause increased solubilities and thus decreased pK values. Specific surface areas of 40–170 m2/g determined for laboratory precipitates gave computed decreases in pK of 0.4 to 1.6 units.
PWE-032 What is the Impact of the Introduction of the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme on the Workload of a Colorectal Surgery Unit at a District General Hospital?
Authors: K E Carney, R Thomas, H Lambson, A Agarwal, W Copping, D Borowski, D Garg, T Gill, M Tabaqchali
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A study to assess the impact of the introduction of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) on the workload of a colorectal unit in a medium-size general hospital covering a population of 400,000, and to compare it to the initially projected figures. <h3>Methods</h3> We used the BCSP database, hospital episode statistics and the locally held colorectal cancer Multi-Disciplinary Team (MDT) database to identify all patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer diagnosis between April 2007 and November 2012. Demographic data, pathological data, MDT outcomes and treatment details were examined. <h3>Results</h3> During the study period of 66 months, a total of 194 patients with screening-detected colorectal cancer were referred to the local MDT (mean 32 cases per annum). Of these, 144 patients had a cancer resection (74.2%, mean 24 cases per annum). The remaining 50 cases included unfit patients as well as those with metastatic disease at presentation and patients with polyp cancers not requiring resection. Furthermore, there was an increase in numbers seen from 2010 onwards, coinciding with the increase in the screening age limit to 75 years. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study measures the effect of the national BCSP on the surgical workload and quantifies the proportion of patients requiring surgery. It was projected that 33 people per annum newly diagnosed with colorectal cancer would be referred from the BCSP centre to the local MDT<sup>1</sup>; this study confirms this projection. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> BCSP Publication No. 3 (2008): Guidance for public health and commissioners.
The Hematocrit of Capillary Blood
Authors: Joseph J. McGovern, Alan Richardson Jones, Arthur G. Steinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE measurement of the packed red-cell volume (or hematocrit) of the venous blood has long been recognized as a useful aid in the study of blood in a large number of clinical conditions. The technic described by Wintrobe1 in 1929, using venous blood, has gained almost universal acceptance and is regarded as one of the simplest and most reliable of methods. Its value is further enhanced in that the commonly accepted "normal values" for the mean red-cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration have been calculated, using packed-cell-volume levels determined by the Wintrobe2 technic.However, this valuable . . .
OUTCOMES IN 2824 PATIENTS WITH VALVULAR HEART DISEASE TREATED WITH EDOXABAN OR WARFARIN IN THE ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 TRIAL
Authors: Giulia Renda, Raffaele De Caterina, Anthony Carnicelli, Francesco Nordio, Michele Mercuri, Christian Ruff, Robert Giugliano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Tubular proteinuria in patients with HNF1α mutations: HNF1α drives endocytosis in the proximal tubule
Authors: Sara Terryn, Karo Tanaka, Jean-Philippe Lengelé, Eric Olinger, Danièle Dubois-Laforgue, Serge Garbay, Renata Kozyraki, Patrick Van Der Smissen, Erik I. Christensen, Pierre J. Courtoy, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, José Timsit, Marco Pontoglio, Olivier Devuyst
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
Recurrent Epidemic Nephritis in South Trinidad
Authors: Theo Poon-King, Isahak Mohammed, Reginald Cox, Elizabeth V. Potter, Norman M. Simon, Alan C. Siegel, David P. Earle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

BETWEEN September, 1964, and April, 1966, 720 patients with acute glomerulonephritis were admitted to the General Hospital in San Fernando from the rural areas of South Trinidad, West Indies. Previous outbreaks of nephritis had occurred in the same region in 1952 and 1958.1 The nephritis in the earlier outbreaks had conformed clinically to that usually associated with streptococcal infections in children. A large number of impetiginous sores in 1952, and of rash followed by desquamation in 1958, had further suggested a streptococcal origin. Bacterial cultures and streptococcal antibody studies were not obtained, however, and thus the cause was not determined. . . .
Abstract 761: Importance of protein interactions in mediating AF9/MLLT3 function.
Authors: Bhavna Malik, Charles S. Hemenway
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract AF9/MLLT3, located on chromosome band 9p22, was first identified as a fusion partner of the Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) gene in acute myeloid leukemia. The AF9 protein has been shown to play an important role in erythrocyte/ megakaryocyte development by regulating the expression of genes encoding hematopoietic transcription factors. Moreover, in hematopoietic precursor cells, expression of a chimeric protein comprised of the C-terminus of AF9 fused to the N-terminus of MLL leads to leukemic transformation. Thus AF9 contributes both to normal as well as neoplastic blood cell development. Our lab and others have shown the direct or indirect association of the C-terminus of AF9 with several distinct proteins including activators and repressors of transcription (AF4, pTEFb, DOT1L, CBX8, RING1b, and BCoR), thus suggesting that the function of AF9 can be substantially changed depending upon the nature of molecules that specifically associate with it. We hypothesize that AF9 is an important component of several distinct macromolecular complexes, each of which has a unique function. Specifically, DOT1L is a chromatin modifying enzyme that methylates histone H3 at lysine 79. CBX8 is component of the repressive Polycomb PRC1 complexes. Here, we report that the association of AF9 with CBX8 competes with DOT1L for AF9 binding and alters expression of genes regulated by DOT1L. In this context, CBX8 enhances rather than represses gene expression. Citation Format: Bhavna Malik, Charles S. Hemenway. Importance of protein interactions in mediating AF9/MLLT3 function. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 761. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-761 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Abstract 1958: Glypican-3 (GPC3) modulates senescence, homotypic adhesion and migration of tumor mammary cells through the inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway
Authors: María A. Lago Huvelle, Cecilia Buchanan, Silvina A. Romero, Elisa Bal de Kier Joffé, María Giselle Peters
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Wnt pathway is involved in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. Alterations of this pathway have been identified as key event in neoplastic development. Previously, we have demonstrated that the restatement of Glypican-3 (GPC3), a proteoglycan downregulated in breast cancer, is able to induce an inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway in the murine mammary adenocarcinoma LM3 cells. We also reported that GPC3 reexpression induces an inhibition of the in vivo metastatic capacity and an in vitro reversion of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). GPC3 reexpressing clones are less viable in stress conditions, more senescent, more homotypic adherent, less migrants and their actin is mainly localized in cortical position. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the effects of GPC3 on these cellular parameters are dependent on the inhibition of canonical Wnt pathway. As a strategy, two LM3-GPC3 clones and two LM3-vector ones were treated with LiCl (activator of the Wnt pathway canonical) or NaCl as control. We determined that LiCl was able to partially reverse the LM3-GPC3 cell senescence (X-gal positive senescent cells: LM3-GPC3+NaCl=85% vs +LiCl=65%, ANOVA-Bonferroni p &amp;lt;0.05). In contrast, no changes were observed on the susceptibility to death by serum starving (ANOVA, ns). Although there were no effects on the actin cytoskeleton organization, we established by a wound healing assays that LM3-GPC3 cells treated with LiCl regain their ability to migrate (Wound coverage: LM3-GPC3+NaCl=15% vs +LiCl=75%, ANOVA-Bonferroni p&amp;lt;0.05). Interestingly, LiCl significantly reduced the homotypic adhesion of LM3-GPC3 cells, reaching control levels (ANOVA-Bonferroni p&amp;lt;0.05). These results suggest that inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway induced by GPC3 mediates the effects of this glypican on senescence, migration and cell aggregation, while survival and actin cytoskeleton organization would be modulated through other pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1958. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1958