tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antitumor activity of cediranib in patients with metastatic or recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): An open-label exploratory study
Authors: C. Saura, J. Baselga, R. Herbst, J. del Campo, M. Marotti, J. Tessier, B. Collins, J. Heymach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

6023 Background: Cediranib is an oral, highly potent and selective inhibitor of VEGF signaling, with activity versus VEGFR-1, -2 and -3. FDG-PET has previously been shown to provide early assessment of the effectiveness of anticancer treatment in solid tumors after chemotherapy. The objectives reported here were to assess the effects of cediranib on 1) tumor metabolic activity using FDG-PET (standardized uptake value, SUV max ) and 2) tumor size (RECIST longest diameter). Methods: Eligible pre-treated patients with metastatic or recurrent HNC or NSCLC received cediranib monotherapy 30 mg/day for 3 weeks, or until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients showing evidence of response (FDG-PET) or clinical benefit at day 22 could continue study treatment and were assessed on days 43 and 71 by RECIST/FDG-PET. Evaluable patients had baseline and at least one post-baseline measurement available. Results: A total of 19 patients were treated; 17 patients had baseline and day 22 FDG-PET and 18 patients had baseline and at least one post-baseline RECIST assessment. Consistent changes in FDG-PET were observed (Table). At days 22, 43 and 71, a total of 5 (29%), 7 (41%) and 6 (35%) patients had ≥25% decrease in SUV max (FDG metabolic response), respectively. The combined (HNC/NSCLC) best mean % change in tumor size from baseline for all patients was -25.9%. Best responses of PR and SD were seen in 18.8% and 50% of HNC patients, respectively (Table). The most common adverse events were proteinuria (7 [37%]), fatigue, diarrhea and hypertension (each 6 [32%]). Conclusions: This study provided evidence of antitumor activity with cediranib monotherapy as measured by decreases in FDG uptake, reductions in tumor size and RECIST response rate. Cediranib 30 mg/day was generally well tolerated, with a manageable adverse event profile consistent with previous studies. Further studies are warranted in these tumor types. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
P-022 Predictive biomarkers of pathologic response to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer
Authors: R. Jankovic, S. Stojanovic-Rundic, M. Micev, Z. Krivokapic, V. Nikolić, I. Popov, D. Gavrilovic, V. Plesinac-Karapandzic, A. Djuric-Stefanovic, S. Radulovic
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Physicians and Health Care Reform
Authors: S M Gorsch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

While we believe that efforts such as the FDA press release are essential and probably do have considerable effect, the limited data in our investigation cannot support this conclusion.Perhaps a well-controlled time-series analysis would more accurately assess this issue, and we are currently pursuing such an evaluation.While re- searchers continue to try to identify the best way to prevent interactions, such widespread efforts to inform health care professionals should be strongly encouraged.
Inference of Epistatic Effects Leading to Entrenchment and Drug Resistance in HIV-1 Protease
Authors: William F. Flynn, Allan Haldane, Bruce E. Torbett, Ronald M. Levy
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2017)

Understanding the complex mutation patterns that give rise to drug resistant viral strains provides a foundation for developing more effective treatment strategies for HIV/AIDS. Multiple sequence alignments of drug-experienced HIV-1 protease sequences contain networks of many pair correlations which can be used to build a (Potts) Hamiltonian model of these mutation patterns. Using this Hamiltonian model, we translate HIV-1 protease sequence covariation data into quantitative predictions for the probability of observing specific mutation patterns which are in agreement with the observed sequence statistics. We find that the statistical energies of the Potts model are correlated with the fitness of individual proteins containing therapy-associated mutations as estimated by in vitro measurements of protein stability and viral infectivity. We show that the penalty for acquiring primary resistance mutations depends on the epistatic interactions with the sequence background. Primary mutations which lead to drug resistance can become highly advantageous (or entrenched) by the complex mutation patterns which arise in response to drug therapy despite being destabilizing in the wildtype background. Anticipating epistatic effects is important for the design of future protease inhibitor therapies.
Abstract 12428: Matrix Metalloproteinase-9/Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Ratio is Associated with the Severity and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Event in Patients with Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Tetsuji Morishita, Yasuhiko Mitsuke, Akira Nakano, Hiroyasu Uzui, Toru Geshi, Naoki Amaya, Katsuhiko Sarazawa, Takehiko Sato, Kentaro Ishida, Yoshitomo Fukuoka, Hiroyuki Ikeda, Kiwamu Murakami, Jong-Dae Lee
Journal: Circulation (2011)

INTRODUCTION: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) species are upregulated in the failing human heart and influenced ventricular remodeling. We assessed the hypothesis that disparity between MMP-9 and ti...
Tests for Allergic Responses to Drugs, Detection Of Influenza Antibodies, Reported to FASEB
Authors: H F DOWLING
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the Inside
Authors: William T. Pordy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

On Being a Patient5 July 2016Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the InsideWilliam T. Pordy, MDWilliam T. Pordy, MDFrom New York, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-2351 Audio Reading - “Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the Inside” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the Inside," by W.T. Pordy. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail After an extensive neurologic work-up when I began having symptoms of verbal disability, I was diagnosed with variant asymmetrical frontotemporal degeneration. I was told that the disease has an unknown natural history, treatment, and prognosis. Prompted by my own curiosity and by new funding for the NIH to study brain anatomy, I began paying attention to how my symptoms of neurologic atrophy affect me. I've come up with my own theory about a specific brain anatomy.The verbal disability was my initial neurologic deficit. Syllables became incredibly problematic for me. Over a year ago, while creating a new invention, I ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From New York, New York.Corresponding Author: William T. Pordy, MD, 484 West 43rd Street, Apartment 5Q, New York, NY 10036; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the Inside” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "Brain Anatomy: Thoughts From the Inside," by W.T. Pordy. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 July 2016Volume 165, Issue 1Page: 66KeywordsAtrophyBrainDisabilitiesNatural history of diseaseNeurons ePublished: 5 July 2016 Issue Published: 5 July 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Childhood atopic dermatitis—Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor correlates with serum eosinophil cationic protein and disease severity
Authors: R. Fölster‐Holst, E. Papakonstantinou, U. Rüdrich, M. Buchner, H. Pite, M. Gehring, A. Kapp, S. Weidinger, U. Raap
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Abstract Several studies have shown that neurotrophins including brain‐derived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) play a role in chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis ( AD ). BDNF is increased in the serum samples of adults with AD . Interestingly, eosinophils of these patients can release and produce BDNF . We analyzed BDNF serum levels with ELISA and their correlation with SCORAD score, eosinophil cationic protein ( ECP ), total IgE, IL ‐4, IL ‐13 and IL ‐31 in children with AD ( n = 56) compared to nonatopic healthy children ( n = 25). In addition, we analyzed FLG loss‐of‐function mutations in 17 children with AD and their connection to BDNF . BDNF serum levels were significantly higher in children with AD . Further, BDNF correlated with disease activity, serum ECP , and total IgE serum levels in AD . There was no difference in BDNF levels of filaggrin‐positive or filaggrin‐negative children with AD , and there was no correlation of BDNF with IL ‐31 and Th2 cytokines including IL ‐4 and IL ‐13. Together, our data add new insights into the pathophysiology of AD , suggesting that serum BDNF which correlates with disease severity contributes to the regulation of inflammation in an eosinophil‐, but not Th2‐dependent manner.
Prevalence of autoimmune conditions in patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: Exploratory analysis of a series of consecutive patients.
Authors: Jonessa Atienza, Ion Codreanu, Vincent Varilla, Michael A. Reale, Joel Silver, Mohammad Pazooki, Constantin Dasanu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e19514 Background: Literature suggests association between Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) and autoimmune conditions which may share the same pathogenesis. We identified the prevalence of autoimmune phenomena in WM patients and compared it with the general population. Methods: We conducted retrospective and prospective analyses in a series of patients (n=12) with WM followed in outpatient setting. The median age was 74 years. The charts were reviewed for autoimmune abnormalities; length of prospective analysis segment was circa 24 months. The prevalence of autoimmune disorders was compared with the general population. Statistical analysis: Findings were tested for statistical significance using Fisher’s exact test for small number of observations (95% confidence); p value &lt; 0.05 considered significant. Results: Circa 58.3% patients had autoimmune disorders (Table). These include Hashimoto thyroiditis, pernicious anemia, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), pure red cell aplasia (PRCA), polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), temporal arteritis, and ANA positivity. The Table summarizes the statistical analysis of each autoimmune condition with their respective p values. Conclusions: More than 50% of patients had autoimmune conditions, significantly exceeding overall prevalence in general population. Statistically significant differences noted for pernicious anemia, Hashimoto thyroiditis, ITP, AIHA, CIDP, PRCA, and temporal arteritis. The difference was not significant for PMR and ANA positivity. However, analysis of larger cohorts is needed to confirm our observations. [Table: see text]
Association of Specific Dietary Fats With Total and Cause-Specific Mortality
Authors: Dong D. Wang, Yanping Li, Stephanie E. Chiuve, Meir J. Stampfer, JoAnn E. Manson, Eric B. Rimm, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Previous studies have shown distinct associations between specific dietary fat and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence on specific dietary fat and mortality remains limited and inconsistent.To examine the associations of specific dietary fats with total and cause-specific mortality in 2 large ongoing cohort studies.This cohort study investigated 83 349 women from the Nurses' Health Study (July 1, 1980, to June 30, 2012) and 42 884 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (February 1, 1986, to January 31, 2012) who were free of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and types 1 and 2 diabetes at baseline. Dietary fat intake was assessed at baseline and updated every 2 to 4 years. Information on mortality was obtained from systematic searches of the vital records of states and the National Death Index, supplemented by reports from family members or postal authorities. Data were analyzed from September 18, 2014, to March 27, 2016.Total and cause-specific mortality.During 3 439 954 person-years of follow-up, 33 304 deaths were documented. After adjustment for known and suspected risk factors, dietary total fat compared with total carbohydrates was inversely associated with total mortality (hazard ratio [HR] comparing extreme quintiles, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.81-0.88; P < .001 for trend). The HRs of total mortality comparing extreme quintiles of specific dietary fats were 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03-1.14) for saturated fat, 0.81 (95% CI, 0.78-0.84) for polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), 0.89 (95% CI, 0.84-0.94) for monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), and 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07-1.18) for trans-fat (P < .001 for trend for all). Replacing 5% of energy from saturated fats with equivalent energy from PUFA and MUFA was associated with estimated reductions in total mortality of 27% (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.70-0.77) and 13% (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.82-0.93), respectively. The HR for total mortality comparing extreme quintiles of ω-6 PUFA intake was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.81-0.89; P < .001 for trend). Intake of ω-6 PUFA, especially linoleic acid, was inversely associated with mortality owing to most major causes, whereas marine ω-3 PUFA intake was associated with a modestly lower total mortality (HR comparing extreme quintiles, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.93-1.00; P = .002 for trend).Different types of dietary fats have divergent associations with total and cause-specific mortality. These findings support current dietary recommendations to replace saturated fat and trans-fat with unsaturated fats.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells With Trisomy 12 Home To The Bone Marrow In a CXCR4-Independent Manner and Are Prone To Proliferate In Vitro
Authors: Evelyn Hutterer, Elisabeth Hinterseer, Sylvia Ganghammer, Gabriele Brachtl, Daniela Asslaber, Peter William Krenn, Tamara Girbl, Petra Berghammer, Roland Geisberger, Alexander Egle, Antonella Zucchetto, Valter Gattei, Alexandre Chigaev, Richard Greil, Tanja Nicole Hartmann
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phase II trial report of preoperative chemotherapy (CX) with S-1 plus cisplatin for stage IV gastric cancer (StIV GC).
Authors: S. Satoh, H. Okabe, S. Teramukai, S. Hasegawa, N. Ozaki, S. Ueda, A. Tsuji, S. Sakabayashi, Y. Sakai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

107 Background: Prognosis of StIV GC is poor. S-1 plus cisplatin now becomes one of the Japanese standards for unresectable or recurrent GC. We conducted a multicenter phase II study of preoperative S-1 plus cisplatin for StIV GC (KYUH-UHA-GC03-01, NCT00088816 ). In ASCO 2010, we reported early outcomes, indicating that this regimen is feasible and safe. We will report here the results concerning prognosis and recurrence. Methods: Eligibility criteria included histologically proven StIV GC according to Japanese classification. Helical CT and staging laparoscopy were mandatory. Patients (pts) received oral S-1 (80-120 mg/body/day, day 1-21) and intravenous cisplatin (60 mg/m 2 on day 8) every 5 weeks for 2 courses. After CX, operation was performed. S-1 (80-120 mg/body/day, day 1-14) was administered every 3 weeks for one year postoperatively. The primary endpoint was 2-year overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoints were progression free survival (PFS), response, pathologic response, R0 resection, surgical complication, the first recurrence sites and toxicities. Sample size was set at 50. Results: 51 pts were enrolled and all pts were observed more than 2 years after registration. The median age was 63 (range 35-79). PreOp CX was accomplished in 44 cases. Response was 50% (95% CI: 27.2-72.8). 44 (86.3%) pts underwent surgery and R0 resection was done in 26 pts (51%). Adjuvant chemotherarpy was accomplished in 11 cases. Recurrences were observed 14 cases (53.8%). Most frequent recurrence site was peritoneum. 2-Y OS and PFS were 43.1% [96% CI: 29.4-56.1] and 33.3% [20.9-46.2], respectively. R0 in GC with single StIV factor (n = 24) was 79.2% and that in GC with multiple StIV factors (n = 27) was 25.9%, respectively. All pts with only Cy+ (n = 12) showed complete eradication of cancer cell by S-1/CDDP. Pts with only Cy+ showed significantly better prognosis than other pts. Conclusions: As compared to Japanese national StIV control (OS: 20.8%), this induction CX showed promising survival. Especially, pts with only Cy+ was popular and showed significantly better prognosis by S1/CDDP induction CX. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
John Watt Robertson
Authors: James D Finlayson
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In 1951 John Watt Robertson was skipper of the Livelihood , a fishing boat from the Banffshire village of Gardenstown. The crew were fishing for herring in Loch Geocrab on the east coast of the Isle of Harris. The belt on the winch slipped. In trying to fix this John Robertson’s oilskin was caught in the winch and his right arm pulled into it. He sustained a comminuted compound fracture. He was taken ashore in Tarbert, the main village in Harris, attended to by the local GP, and transferred onward eventually to a mainland hospital.

John Robertson was born in Gardenstown. His family were fishing folk from time immemorial, gleaning the then scant rewards of the sea and sharing the terrible risks of that noble calling. Both his grandparents had died at sea. Not surprisingly his mother was unhappy when, at the age of 14, John insisted on leaving school to work as a deckhand on the family fishing drifter, the coal fired Restore .

During the second world war John worked as a civilian naval worker and was involved, among other work, in the preparation of the convoys heading from Wester Ross to Russia. He applied to join the Royal Navy but was advised that …
Soundings: The old man's friend
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2006)

My father is dead. Given his physical, cognitive, and emotional status over the preceding few weeks, that is no bad thing. He received excellent NHS care, was not mismanaged in any way, and I was involved in all key decisions.

He lived in a residential home. After a series of small strokes he developed pneumonia and was sent into hospital. Not unreasonably, and with my full consent, the pneumonia was treated. After 32 days of impeccable nursing care, another stroke, and a further infection (not actively treated), he died. I estimate the total cost of this episode to be around £50 000 ($88 000; €73 000).

When the ambulance came to collect my father, the care assistants who had looked after him for three years tucked in his blanket and kissed him goodbye with the air of putting a child to sleep. By the time I had driven to the hospital, he had become an “acute admission,” efficiently clerked and processed, with a drip in both arms, blood tests on their way to the lab, and an ECG rolling off the printer.

Two days before he died, I was paged out of a meeting at the Nuffield Trust, where various representatives of the great and the good were preparing a response to a forthcoming government white paper on out-of-hospital care. As ever these days, “choice” was a central theme, as were the spiralling costs of health care, of which an increasingly large fraction is spent on end of life care.

At another meeting of healthcare decision makers a month later, almost everyone present could tell a similar story of a relative whose admission for care had turned into a valiant attempt to cure. Most, like me, had colluded with the abrupt shift in the goal of care when the patient passed from the community into secondary care. It is hard to let go of your dad. In most cases, it was entirely predictable in retrospect that in the process of dying, the individual would reach a stage where their needs would not be met by their current place of care.

House officers no longer carry “do not resuscitate” stickers for slapping on the notes of elderly admissions who look like they might become bed blockers. Perhaps instead we should all (primary care clinicians, hospital clinicians, relatives, and patients) familiarise ourselves with the National Electronic Library for Health's draft care pathway for Last Days of Life (http://libraries.nelh.nhs.uk/common/download.asp?resourceID=51027).
Early Detection of New Melanomas by Patients With Melanoma and Their Partners Using a Structured Skin Self-examination Skills Training Intervention
Authors: June K. Robinson, Jeffrey D. Wayne, Mary C. Martini, Brittney A. Hultgren, Kimberly A. Mallett, Rob Turrisi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

More than 1 million patients with melanoma in the United States are at risk to develop a second primary melanoma. Early detection of melanoma improves survival. Patients with melanoma may be able to self-manage care with their skin-check partners ("partners") and alert the physician when a concerning lesion is identified, thus providing an important adjunct to yearly skin examinations by a physician.
EBV-DNA In Peripheral Blood Of Patients With Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Associations With Patient Characteristics and Outcome
Authors: Stefan Hohaus, Maria Chiara Tisi, Elisa Cupelli, Manuela Giachelia, Valentina Bozzoli, Elena Maiolo, Rosaria Santangelo, Maurizio Martini, Francesco D'Alo', Maria Teresa Voso, Luigi M. Larocca, Giuseppe Leone
Journal: Blood (2013)
Age at First Birth and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer
Authors: L Lesher, L McGowan, P Hartge, R Hoover
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Journal Article Age at First Birth and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Get access Linda Lesher, M.H.S., Linda Lesher, M.H.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Larry McGowan, M.D., Larry McGowan, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Patricia Hartge, Sc.D., Patricia Hartge, Sc.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Hoover, M.D. Robert Hoover, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 74, Issue 6, June 1985, Pages 1361–1362, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/74.6.1361 Published: 01 June 1985