tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unusual Presentation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Assisted Diagnosis by Liver Scan
Authors: W S Huang, Y C Liu, C Y Yu, J M Chou, T K Jen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 66-year-old woman reported intermittent right epigastric pain of 2 years’ duration. Sonography showed a hyperechoic nodule in the lower portion of her right hepatic lobe (segment 6). Computed tomography (CT) showed features of focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could not distinguish between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and FNH. Serum alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen levels were unremarkable (3.9 ng/dl and 1.1 ng/dl, respectively). Liver scintigraphy showed a photopenic area in the corresponding site seen on the radiologic examinations. Histologic analysis indicated HCC with cirrhosis. FNH is a benign condition, but HCC is a fatal malignant disease. A correct differential diagnosis between FNH and HCC is critical.
Effective simple incision or partial snare resection for symptomatic duodenal cystic lesions, duplication cysts, and choledochoceles
Authors: M. Matsushita, K. Uchida, A. Nishio, K. Okazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

We read with interest the article by Tekin et al. [1] on a new endoscopic treatment for a symptomatic duodenal duplication cyst (DDC). They encountered a patient with a history of recurrent abdominal pain and a previous episode of acute pancreatitis, and detected a duodenal cystic lesion. The lesion was diagnosed as a DDC, and was successfully treated with a needle-knife incision, balloon dilation, and implantation of a plastic stent. We suspect that the lesion was not a DDC, and a simple alternative would be effective for the treatment.
A3.08 Exploring the collagen induced arthritis model for arthralgia
Authors: M Molendijk, AMC Mus, PS Asmawidjaja, CHF Alves, W Razawy, E Lubberts
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is preceded by a period where the patients experience pain but no clinically apparent arthritis can be detected yet. Without treatment RA can lead to severely inflamed joints and bone damage. Early treatment has shown to be beneficial in limiting joint damage. Therefore early detection of patients at risk of developing RA is needed. Anti–citrullinated protein antibodies and Rheumatoid factor levels in the blood does not predict RA development for all patients. A betterunderstanding of the immunological processes ongoing during arthralgia could aid in early detection and prevention of joint damage. The time period between first immunisation and booster in the collagen induced arthritis (CIA) model might reflect the arthralgia stage in rheumatoid arthritis development. In this study we examined whether the CIA model could be used to investigate immunological processes during arthralgia. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> DBA/1 mice were subjected to CIA. Blood was drawn at different time points via submandibular vein puncture during CIA development. Antibodies directed against bovine collagen type II (bCII) and mouse collagen type II (mCII) of the IgG1 and IgG2a isotype were measured by ELISA. Clustered analysis was performed to correlate CIA development with antibody levels. <h3>Results</h3> Significantly higher antibody levels of the IgG2a isotype directed against mCII (anti-mCII-IgG2a antibodies) were found at day 12 in mice who developed CIA compared to those who did not (P = 0.037). The antibody levels directed against bCII and mCII further increased during CIA development. Anti-mCII-IgG2a antibody levels did not reflect clinical disease score reached at day 35. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The detection of antibodies against mouse type II collagen indicates an early auto-immune process in the CIA model prior to clinical detectable disease.
Abnormality of the Myocardial Sympathetic Nervous System in a Patient with Becker Muscular Dystrophy Detected with Iodine-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine Scintigraphy
Authors: TATSURO KAMINAGA, KIICHIRO MATSUMURA, HIROKI HATANAKA, TERUO SHIMIZU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose This study was performed to determine whether I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy can depict myocardial sympathetic nerve abnormalities in Becker muscular dystrophy. Materials and Methods A 34-year-old man with Becker muscular dystrophy underwent Tl-201 and I-123 MIBG scintigraphy sequentially before and 4 months after the beginning of oral administration of enalapril maleate, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. Results Before and during treatment, stress Tl-201 scintigraphy revealed nonreversible myocardial perfusion defects in the anterior, inferoposterior, and apical walls, and I-123 MIBG scintigraphy depicted a region with decreased sympathetic nerve function or innervation. Before treatment, the I-123 MIBG heart count– mediastinum count (H:M) ratio was 2.1 and the washout rate was 21% on delayed images obtained 4 hours after the injection of I-123 MIBG, indicating hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system in the myocardium. During treatment, the H:M ratio was 3.0 and the washout rate was 15%. Conclusion With I-123 MIBG scintigraphy it is possible to evaluate an abnormality of the myocardial sympathetic nervous system and the efficacy of administration of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor in this disease.
AB0797 Efficacy and Safety of Strontium Ranelate in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: L. Myasoutova, S. Lapshina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of strontium ranelate in patients with gonarthrosis <h3>Methods</h3> 40 patients with a documented diagnosis of gonarthrosis: women - 32 (80%), men - 8 (20%), mean age - 57.4 years (range 49 to 72 years). Comorbidities: hypertension - 24 (60%), ischemic heart disease - in 6 (15%), chronic gastro - 18 (45%). At the time of inclusion, all patients had severe pain: VAS 61,2±10,9 mm,WOMAC - 42,9±12,4, synovitis of the knee joints were recorded in 16 (40%) patients. All (100%) patients received analgetics and NSAIDs. Patients were divided into two groups matched for the main parameters: age, sex, pain intensity, duration of the disease, received therapy. The first group of patients (n=20) was appointed as strontium ranelate at a dose 2 g per day in daily intake, the second group of 20 people received chondroitin sulfate 1 g per day. Efficacy was assessed in terms of the joint syndrome, WOMAC index after 3 months of therapy. <h3>Results</h3> After 3 months of treatment with strontium ranelate patients showed a significant (p&lt;0.05) reduction in pain during movement (VAS 23,2±7,2 mm), joint tenderness to palpation (VAS =21,2±9,2 mm), index WOMAC (24,3±9,0). Dynamics of pain was significantly lower in the group of patients receiving chondroitin sulfate. The effect of treatment was evaluated as good (pain reduction of 50% or more) in 12 (60%) of patients receiving storntium ranelate and in 10 (50%) - the control group, satisfactory (pain reduction of 20-50%) 7 (35%) and eight (40%), no effect in 1 (5%) and 2 (10%) patients. Secondary synovitis completely reduced in all patients. After 1 month of treatment 10 patients (50%) of each group did not need NSAIDs, 40% (8) in the base and 7 (35%) of control group reduced by 50% of the original dose, and 2 (10%) of first and 3 (15%) patients of the second group - continued to take NSAIDs in the same dosage. No serious adverse effects, worsening of comorbidities were registered. <h3>Conclusions</h3> By observing the results, strontium ranelate has a pronounced analgesic effect, which is more than the effect of several standard conventional therapies and may be caused by the influence on the subchondral bone. Strontium ranelate is safe in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3612
Spectrum of colon polyposis and colonic neoplasia in the PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS).
Authors: P. P. Stanich, S. Khambatta, S. R. Sweetser, R. L. Richardson, M. P. Goetz, M. M. Patnaik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3627 Background: PHTS consists of a group of familial disorders associated with germline mutations of the PTEN gene. Cowden syndrome is the most common phenotype. Affected patients develop a variety of tumors, including polyposis of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on current literature, PHTS is not associated with an increased risk of colon cancer; therefore, the risk of neoplastic transformation and appropriate screening intervals for PHTS-associated colon polyposis is not well characterized. This study was performed to better define the incidence and outcomes of colon polyposis in PHTS. Methods: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of PHTS at the Mayo Clinic were identified from 1980 to 2009. Only patients that met the NCCN consortium criteria for diagnosis were included. The relevant clinical information, onco-pathology data and molecular studies were retrospectively reviewed. Results: 47 patients with PHTS were identified, of which 17 (36%) had colon studies at our institution. All met criteria for Cowden disease. Of the 14 that underwent a colonoscopy, 13 (93%) were noted to have diffuse polyposis, with 9 (64%) estimated to have > 50 polyps. 15 patients had colon biopsies reviewed (median age 47 at first biopsy). The spectrum of tumors included hamartomas (n = 12), ganglioneuromas (n = 6) and tubular adenomas (n = 6). 7 (47%) patients had low-grade dysplasia (median age 50 at first detection), including 1 patient with dysplasia within hamartomatous polyps. 2 (12%) patients, age 56 and 62, had early-stage (T1N0M0, grade II and T2N0M0, grade III) left-sided colonic adenocarcinomas. Neither showed evidence of microsatellite instability. 7 (41%) patients underwent colectomy (median age 45), of which 4 had colonic dysplasia/neoplasia and 3 had symptomatic polyposis. Conclusions: This is the largest series from a single institution to examine the colonic manifestations of PHTS. Our findings suggest that germline mutations in the PTEN gene are associated with a spectrum of colonic tumors, including hamartomas, ganglioneuromas, tubular adenomas and colon cancer. Colonic dysplasia and neoplasia were more common then expected. If confirmed, colon cancer screening recommendations should be developed for patients with PHTS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Successful Excision of an Aortic Aneurysm Explored as a Paraspinal Tumor
Authors: Robert H. Vaughan, Ralph A. Deterling, Frederick M. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE exact diagnosis of certain paraspinal tumors may be difficult. When usual means of diagnosis are exhausted, exploration and biopsy may offer the best means of indicating possible definitive treatment. The case reported below demonstrates some of the problems in diagnosis, even at the time of exploration. Hemorrhage from a biopsy of the wall of an aortic aneurysm was controlled, and the sac was resected successfully under emergency conditions.Case ReportH.M., a 49-year-old Negro chauffeur, was admitted to Presbyterian Hospital (Orthopedic Division) on January 14, 1953, because of low-back pain of 1 year's duration. The pain was present in . . .
Abstract 4301: Isolation and expansion of human gastric cancer-initiating cells for drug development
Authors: Yan Liu, Junjie Lv, Jinying Ning
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gastric carcinoma is the second most common cause of death from cancer in the world. The isolation and characterization of tumorigenic gastric cancer cells may help to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Although there is increasing evidence that cancer stem cell, which is responsible for tumor formation and maintenance, exists in a wide variety of solid tumors, this has not been extensively explored in gastric cancer. We report here the isolation and in vitro propagation of gastric cancer-initiating cells from human primary tumor xenografts. The isolated tumor cells can form spheroid colonies in defined serum free medium. Subcutaneous injection of as few as 100 sphere-forming cells readily reproduced the original tumor in immunodeficient mice. Such tumors were serially transplanted for several generations and the cultured cells grew exponentially for more than 40 passages in vitro as undifferentiated tumor spheres. Interestingly, CD44, recently reported as a gastric cancer stem cell surface marker, was positive in both cultured cells and in engrafted tumor tissues. In vitro and in vivo drug sensitivity assays on these sphere-forming cells are currently ongoing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4301.
Neuroscience findings are consistent with appraisal theories of emotion; but does the brain “respect” constructionism?
Authors: Klaus R. Scherer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

I reject Lindquist et al.'s implicit claim that all emotion theories other than constructionist ones subscribe to a "brain locationist" approach. The neural mechanisms underlying relevance detection, reward, attention, conceptualization, or language use are consistent with many theories of emotion, in particular componential appraisal theories. I also question the authors' claim that the meta-analysis they report provides support for the specific assumptions of constructionist theories.
OP0014 The Omeract-Ramris Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Joint Space Narrowing Score (RAMRIS JSN) is Reproducible and Correlates Closely with Computed Tomography Assessment
Authors: U. Møller Døhn, P. G. Conaghan, I. Eshed, A. Boonen, P. Bøyesen, C. Peterfy, S. Lillegraven, B. Ejbjerg, F. Gandjbakhch, P. Bird, V. Foltz, H. Genant, E. Haavaardsholm, F. Mcqueen, M. Østergaard
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Joint space narrowing (JSN), reflecting cartilage damage, is an important aspect of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A scoring system of JSN on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been developed as an OMERACT initiative. However, further validation is needed before the system can be implemented in clinical trials and clinical use. Computed tomography (CT) provides optimal depiction of bone surfaces and is well suited as standard reference for assessment of JSN by MRI and X-ray. <h3>Objectives</h3> To validate the OMERACT MRI JSN scoring system (1) for RA wrist and MCP joints by investigating its agreement with CT and X-ray, and its intrareader and interreader reliability. <h3>Methods</h3> MRI and CT images of wrist and MCP2-5 from 14 RA patients and 1 healthy control were assessed independently twice for JSN by three readers. X-rays were scored by a single reader by the Sharp-van der Heijde method. Reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Images came from a clinical trial and represented a broad range of JSN on X-ray. <h3>Results</h3> The median (range) JSN score of the assessed hand was on MRI: 13 (0-57), CT: 23 (0-58) and X-ray: 14 (0-29). MRI scores of JSN were very highly correlated with CT scores (MCP: 0.94; wrist: 0.92; MCP+wrist: 0.92). X-ray JSN scores correlated with MRI and CT (MCP2-5: 0.49 and 0.56; wrist: 0.55 and 0.43), see table. On MRI and CT, high intraobserver (ICCs≥0.91 and ≥0.75, respectively) and interobserver (ICCs≥0.82 and ≥0.66, respectively) reliability was observed. In general, lower agreement was found in MCP joints compared to the wrist. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The OMERACT-RAMRIS MRI JSN scoring system showed very high agreement with CT assessment, whereas X-ray scores were moderately correlated. Both MRI and CT scores showed a high intra- and interreader reliability. The MRI JSN score may, after further validation, become a useful tool in RA clinical trials. <h3>References</h3> <b>Østergaard M, et al.:</b> Development and preliminary validation of a magnetic resonance imaging joint space narrowing score for use in rheumatoid arthritis: potential adjunct to the OMERACT RA MRI scoring system. <i>J Rheumatol. 2011;38:2045-50.</i> <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Unexpected Diagnosis of Peripheral Schwannoma on 18F-Fluoroethylcholine PET/CT for Localization of Prostate Cancer Recurrence and Biopsy Under Real-Time PET/Ultrasound Fusion Guidance
Authors: Martin Freesmeyer, Robert Drescher, Thomas Winkens
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

18F-Fluoroethylcholine (18F-FEC) PET/CT is well established for the detection of prostate cancer recurrence. However, its specificity is sometimes impaired by false-positive findings. In the present case, atypical cancer recurrence in the right distal lower leg was suspected on 18F-FEC PET/CT in a patient with a history of prostate cancer and an increased prostate-specific antigen level. Using a real-time PET/ultrasound fusion technique, the tumor was localized and a biopsy carried out, leading to a final diagnosis of peripheral schwannoma.
OP0265 Mortality after fragility hip fracture in middle aged and elderly men and women in southern norway
Authors: A.P. Diamantopoulos, M. Hoff, M. Hochberg, G. Haugeberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The mortality in patients with fragility hip fracture is higher compared to the general population for both men and women (1). The highest incidence of fragility hip fracture has been reported from Norway and other Scandinavian countries (2). Updated mortality data in patients with hip fracture is limited, in particular for long-term survival. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to study the overall mortality rates of fragility hip fracture in men and women in Southern Norway after 1 and 5 years compared with the mortality rates of the Norwegian population. <h3>Methods</h3> Individuals over 50 years (residents of the two southern counties of Norway) with a fragility hip fracture between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2005 were identified by using the hospital electronic diagnosis registers coded as S72.0-2 (ICD-10). The follow-up time for one person was from the month the fracture occurred to death or the censoring date in January 1, 2009 and 2010. To calculate the standardized mortality ratio (SMR), the mortality risk of the standard Norwegian population was used (3). Statistical significance was defined as p&lt;0.05. <h3>Results</h3> The final number of fragility hip fractures in the geographic area of Southern Norway was 951 (271 men and 680 women). Mean age for all included patients was 81.2 years (men 80.0 years and women 81.8 years). After one year the overall mortality rate was 22.7% (men 32.1%, women 19.0%, p&lt;0.005) and after 5 years 58.5% (men 69.9%, women 54.3%, p&lt;0.005). The overall mortality rate for hip fracture patients older than 80 years after one year was 29.4% (men 44.6%, women 24.0%, p&lt;0.005) and after five years 69.2% (men 85.4%, women 63.5%, p&lt;0.005). The SMR for the men and women compared to the Norwegian population for the first year was 2.08 (95% CI 1.77-2.38) and 2.78 (95% CI 2.24-3.31) and after five years 1.82 (95% CI 1.41-2.22) and 3.10 (95% CI 2.21-3.98). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Mortality in fragility hip fracture patients is elevated compared to the background population during the first year and remains elevated also after five years. Mortality rates after a fragility hip fracture was higher in men than women. One explanation may be the lower life expectancy in men than in women. <h3>References</h3> Vestergaard P, Rejnmark L, Mosekilde L. Increased mortality in patients with a hip fracture-effect of pre-morbid conditions and post-fracture complications. Osteoporos Int. 2007 Dec;18(12):1583-93. Diamantopoulos AP, Rohde G, Johnsrud I, Skoie IM, Johnsen V, Hochberg M, et al. Incidence rates of fragility hip fracture in middle-aged and elderly men and women in southern Norway. Age Ageing. 2011 Sep 6. Statistics, Norway. Aldersavhengige dødsfallsrater for menn og kvinner. 1971-2010 (Age-related mortality rates for men and women,1970-2010). Available from: http://www.ssb.no/dode/tab-2011-04-14-02.html. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 3444: The role of p75ntr and TIMP-1 in U251 malignant glioma cells
Authors: Mumtaz V. Rojiani, Steven Brem, Susan Murphy, Marguerite Obadia, Amyn M. Rojiani
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The neurotrophin receptor p75NTR and trk receptors play an important role in the diverse functions of neurotrophins in the CNS. These include survival, differentiation, neurite outgrowth and development in the nervous system. More recently, an emerging role for the p75NTR has been described in tumor biology, both within the nervous system as well as in non-nervous system neoplasms. Investigative studies in vitro and in vivo have identified both tumor promoting and tumor inhibitory functions of p75NTR, related to specific tumor types. p75NTR has been implicated as a tumor and metastasis suppressor gene and in promoting apoptosis, particularly within the prostate. It has been suggested that p75NTR interactions in the microenvironment result in decreasing MMP2 and MMP9, with a concomitant increase in TIMP1 expression. These have a negative effect on tumor kinetics. However, these tumor promoting and tumor inhibitory functions of p75NTR have been reported in context of specific tumor types. Previously, we have shown that over-expressing TIMP1 in H2009, a lung adenocarcinoma cell line resulted in decreased expression of p75NTR in the clone HB1 compared to H2009. This clone was found to be more aggressive in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Extending these studies to glial neoplasms we sought to define a role of TIMP1in the modulation of p75NTR activities. To this end, we over-expressed TIMP1 in U251 glioma cell line. The resulting stable clones expressed decreased levels of p75 RNA and again behaved more aggressively in vitro with increased tumorigenicity and angiogenesis as evidenced by enhanced colony formation in soft agar as well as increased capillary network formation on Matrigel when serum-free conditioned media was used from the clone compared to parental U251 cell line. We have utilized p75 siRNA to knockdown the levels of p75NTR in U251 glioma cell line. Stable clones expressing reduced levels of p75 showed an increase in the number as well as the size of colonies in soft agar assay compared to the parental cell line suggesting increased tumorigenicity. Collectively our studies appear to define a tumor suppressor function for p75NTR. Additional studies are ongoing to further define the role of p75NTR and TIMP1. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3444.