tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Markedly Increased Accumulation of Tc-99m DTPA in a Patient With Neurofibromatosis
Authors: YUKO ISOBE, YUKA YAMAMOTO, YOSHIHIRO NISHIYAMA, KATASHI SATOH, HITOSHI TAKASHIMA, MOTOOMI OHKAWA, MASATADA TANABE, SHIRO OKA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A 21-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis had enlarged soft tissues of both lower extremities and buttocks that had grown slowly since childhood. Tc-99m DTPA scintigraphy showed increased accumulation in these sites on both early and delayed imaging, although the degree of radioactivity accumulation varied between the two images. In particular, the radioactivity in the enlarged subcutaneous tissues was intensified in more superficial sites on delayed imaging. Ga-67 scintigraphy, on the other hand, showed little accumulation in the lower extremities and buttocks; only subcutaneous thickening of these areas was apparent. Tc-99m DTPA scintigraphy may be useful to detect neurofibromas in patients with neurofibromatosis.
Abstract 1005: Mesenchymal stem cells in breast cancer dormancy: Role of regulatory T cell induction
Authors: Shyam A. Patel, Pranela Rameshwar
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to support breast cancer growth. Since MSCs also increase the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), we hypothesize that human MSCs protect breast cancer cells (BCCs) from immune clearance by recruitment and expansion of Tregs. MSCs suppressed the proliferation of PBMCs when the latter were exposed to γ-irradiated BCCs. Similarly, MSCs showed significant inhibition in the migration of PBMCs towards BCCs, despite the production of chemokines. MSCs also inhibited functional NK and CTL functions, which correlated with reduced numbers of CD8 and CD56 cells as compared to parallel cultures without MSCs. The reduced NK and CTL activities correlated with decrease in the total number of granzyme B-producing cells. To explain these findings, we compared Tregs in the presence or absence of MSCs and found increases with MSCs. The expansion of Tregs correlated with decreases in Th1 cytokines and increases in Th2 cytokines. MSC-derived TGF-β was mostly responsible for the increase in Tregs, based on knockdown studies. Together, these studies show increase in Tregs in co-cultures of PBMCs, BCCs and MSCs. The results could be partly explained by increase in Th2 type cytokines and MSC-generated TGF-β. These findings demonstrate immune protection by MSCs to BCCs. The reduced immune cell proliferation and recruitment mediated by MSCs has implications for treatment with chemotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1005.
TRENDS, PREDICTORS AND OUTCOMES OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS WITH A LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE
Authors: Muhammad Shahreyar, Sanjay Bhandari, Navdeep Gupta, Sulaiman Sultan, Mohammad W. Bashir, Geetanjali Dang, Nasir Sulemanjee, Frank Downey, Vinay Thohan, Arshad Jahangir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Security worries have stymied promotion of electronic records in NHS, conference hears
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Concerns about the security of data have crippled efforts to bring about a technology revolution in the NHS, a conference has heard.

Experts said that the care of patients could benefit from the appropriate sharing of information in electronic health records but that too strong a focus on the risks of confidentiality breaches had held back progress.

The seminar, “Health Records, Innovation and Implementing the Information Strategy—Bringing the Technology Revolution to the NHS,” was held by the Westminster Health Forum in London on 9 April.

The Labour peer Patrick Carter, who co-chaired the seminar, said, “We’ve had 10 very sterile years …
P324Circadian genes in the regulation of lipids in coronary artery disease
Authors: V Naumov, SG Gorokhova, OY Atkov, EV Muraseeva, EA Babikiova, EV Generozov, SA Moroshkina, NB Zaharczevskaya
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background/Aims. Cholesterol takes part in atherogenesis and is therefore a crucial risk factor of coronary artery disease (CAD). Lipid metabolism is regulated by a number of genes, including circadian ones. Circadian genes participate in the regulation of vessel function and are associated with CAD, although their exact role in CAD pathogenesis remains unknown. The study was aimed to reveal the connection of circadian genes with various lipids of blood plasma. Methods. The study included Russian patients with CAD (N=250) confirmed by coronary angiography, and healthy donors without such lesions (N=137). All patients underwent thorough cardiologic examination due to suspected CAD. Genotyping of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) was performed using MALDI-TOF minisequencing. We analyzed CLOCK (rs1801260), PER1 (rs2735611), PER2 (rs2304672), CRY1 (rs8192440), NPAS2 (rs11123857, AGT-3 (rs699), AGT-4 (rs4762), AGTR (rs5186), LIPC4 (rs1800588), MTHFR (rs1801133), PAI (rs1799889), CRP (rs1205) and some other genes. Pink software was used to analyze the associations. Results. We have found significant associations of atherosclerotic lesion of coronary arteries with polymorphisms of CRY1 (rs8192440), AGT-3 (rs699), AGT-4 (rs4762), LIPC4 (rs1800588), MTHFR (rs1801133), CRP (rs1205) with p-value <0.05, and strongest association of total plasma cholesterol level with CLOCK (rs1801260) gene polymorphism (p=0.003); low density lipoprotein (LDL) level with CLOCK (rs1801260, p=0.0006), PAI (rs1799889, p=0.01), CRP (rs1205, p=0.003); very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) level with AGTR (rs5186, p=0.006). We produced decision tree from variants associated with different cholesterol fractions using coronary defense as outcome, and area under ROC curve is 0.67±0.1. Conclusions. The obtained data suggest a complex role of circadian genes in CAD pathogenesis in respect of their involvement in lipid metabolism. CLOCK gene is associated with LDL and total cholesterol, but not with CAD, and may therefore indirectly influence the process of coronary atherosclerosis. Other noncircadian genes that connected with various lipid fractions also do not seem to have significant association with coronary atherosclerosis. The exception is CRP (rs1205), which is associated both with CAD and lipids. This finding requires further study.
FRI0450 The enthesitis ultrasonographic assessment is associated with clinical assessments and responsive to improvements in patients with ankylosing spondylitis starting enbrel treatment
Authors: H. Zhang, J. Qiu, Q. Wu, L. Sun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Enthesitis is a hallmark of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), while entheseal involvement in AS is not always detected by clinical examination. Ultrasonography (US) has proved to be a highly sensitive and non-invasive tool, especially for detecting and assessing entheseal abnormalities. Several scoring systems are relevant for monitoring these abnormalities, while quantification of enthesitis involvement still remains to reach a consensus. <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine associations between US assessments (B-mode and power Doppler) of enthesitis and traditional assessments of disease activity, and to examine sensitivity to changes of US assessment as well as traditional clinical variables during treatment with a biological agent. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 20 patients (median (range) age 25.5(18-43) years, disease duration 1.5 (0.6-8) years, 3 women) with AS initiating Enbrel treatment (50mg once a week) were examined at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months with US using semiquantitative scoring of 6 pairs entheseal sites. All patients underwent evaluation using the BASDAI, patient's and physician's visual analogue scale (VAS) on global disease activity (0-100mm), ESR and CRP. Clinical enthesopathy was defined by the presence of at least one of the following findings: 1) spontaneous pain; 2) swelling of the enthesis; 3) tenderness. <h3>Results</h3> Clinical and US examination reveled at least one abnormal enthesis in 9 (45%) and 19 (95%) AS patients, respectively. The US assessments were partially associated with clinical and laboratory variables of disease activity (Table 1). The patients improved across all variables during follow-up and US assessments were highly sensitive to changes during treatment with biological agents. The improvement of US score continued during 2-3 month, although patients were basically in remission (Table 2). <h3>Conclusions</h3> US heavily improves detection of structural and inflammatory abnormalities of the enthesis in AS than physical examination for better evaluation of enthesitis. US could be useful for assessment of AS activity and guiding the clinical medications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
889 EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF PEGYLATED-INTERFERON a-2a PLUS RIBAVIRIN THERAPY IN NAÏVE HCV CIRRHOSIS. PREDICTIVE RESPONSE FACTORS
Authors: J.M. Pascasio, A.D. Ávila, N.L. Rojas, M. Sayago, J.M. Sousa, M.T. Ferrer, Á. Giráldez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Abstract 717: Detection of premalignancy of esophageal mucosa by multispectral imaging of autofluorescence from protoporphyrin IX.
Authors: Toshikatsu Horiuchi, Yuji Morimoto, Hiroaki Taniguchi, Araya Umetsu, Shun-ichiro Ogura, Keiichi Iwaya, Nariyoshi Shinomiya
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: We have recently found that chemically induced esophageal carcinoma emitted a strong fluorescence originating from protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The aim of this study was to detect early changes in the esophageal mucosa for clarifying the mechanism of carcinogenesis. For this purpose, we established a novel method for detection of premalignancy based on multispectral fluorescence imaging (MFI) of autofluorescence (AF) from tissue. Methods: We made an N-nitroso-methylbutylamine (NMBA)-induced rat esophageal tumor model (15 mg/L in daily drinking water) and extracted the esophagus. The mucosal side was illuminated by an excitation blue light (405 nm) and the emitted light was captured on an EM-CCD detector (512 x 512 pixels), of which each pixel collected a spectrum ranging from 450 nm to 800 nm. The extracted tissues were further analyzed to measure porphyrins by high-performance lipid chromatography (HPLC). Results: When the mucosa was illuminated by the excitation light, AF with a peak at 630 nm was observed in preneoplastic lesions and HPLC revealed that the origin of AF was PpIX. MFI based on the spectral difference clearly visualized preneoplastic lesions: the spectral pattern of the AF from preneoplastic lesions was different from that from normal mucosa, and the spectral difference became greater with increase in the duration of NMBA administration and the concentration of PpIX also increased with the time course. Conclusion: The results showed that MFI of tissue AF has a potential for cancer screening. Citation Format: Toshikatsu Horiuchi, Yuji Morimoto, Hiroaki Taniguchi, Araya Umetsu, Shun-ichiro Ogura, Keiichi Iwaya, Nariyoshi Shinomiya. Detection of premalignancy of esophageal mucosa by multispectral imaging of autofluorescence from protoporphyrin IX. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 717. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-717
Abstract 4638: Suppression of tumorigenicity by targeting anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) through multiple epitopes binding of the monoclonal antibody 18A4
Authors: Dawei Li, Zhenghua Wu, Qi Zhu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Monoclonal antibody is playing an increasingly important role in the treatment of cancer. Specifically, secreted proteins and cell surface receptors that promote tumor growth and metastasis are emerging as important targets for antibody-based anti-cancer therapy. Recent discoveries reveal that Anterior Gradient-2(AGR2), a secreted signal molecule, is over-expressed in a series of adenocarcinoma cancer types and promotes cell growth and migration in vitro and in vivo that can be blocked by polyclonal antibodies. Thus, AGR2 might be a promising target for antibody-based anti-cancer therapy. Here, with a newly developed monoclonal antibody, we report evidence supporting the feasibility of antibody-based therapy against AGR2 as the target. Our study established a unique AGR2-blocking monoclonal antibody 18A4 which requires the co-existence of separate AGR2 epitopes and regions for efficient antibody-antigen binding. This monoclonal antibody against AGR2 can specifically inhibit the AGR2-induced growth and migration of several lines of tumor cells in vitro. Xenograft experiments showed marked repression of tumor growth by 18A4 treatment in nude mice. These results further validated the anti-AGR2 strategy in cancer therapy. In addition, our results suggest, at least in some cases, the necessity of using large regions or whole protein, not short peptides, in developing therapeutic antibodies against certain antigens. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4638. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4638
Abstract 3381: Photochemical internalization (PCI) of immunotoxins targeting cancer stem cell markers
Authors: Monica Bostad, Kristian Berg, Anders Høgset, Pål Kristian Selbo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The cancer stem cell (CSC) theory indicates that only a subset of the cancer cells is capable of tumor-initiation, self renewal and differentiation. CSC is also thought to be treatment resistant and responsible for recurrence. Different antigens are being used to identify CSC markers and are potential targets for CSC-based therapy. Due to the expression of the same antigens on normal stem cells it is of paramount importance that CSC-targeting cytotoxins are specifically and efficiently delivered to malignant tissues. Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a method for specific delivery of membrane impermeable macromolecules from endocytic vesicles to the cytosol of targeted cells. In this study we show that PCI increase the cytotoxic effect of immunotoxins (IT) targeting stem cell markers on different cell lines. The IT consists of a CSC-targeting mAb biotinylated to the ribosome inactivating plant (RIP) toxin saporin. TPCS2a-PCI of one of the ITs showed to be very cytotoxic at sub picomolar levels. Cytotoxicity of the IT was blocked by using excess concentration of unconjugated Ab. In addition, no difference in cytotoxicity was obtained between mAb-toxin and toxin alone in marker negative cell lines, confirming specificity. In order to asses enrichment of CSC-activity in vitro we used flow cytometry to sort cells based on the degree of expression of CSC-markers and compared the ability of different cell fractions to establish colonies in both 2D and 3D cell cultures growing in serum-free stem cell media. Cells with high expression of CSC-markers had significantly higher capacity to initiate colonies than low expressing cells. CSC enrichment was confirmed by an in vivo limiting dilution assay. The present study demonstrates that PCI is an efficient method for selective killing of cancer cells expressing stem cell markers and will be further explored for the targeting of tumors that express these markers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3381. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3381
PWE-072 Current role of radiology as the first investigation in the English bowel cancer screening programme (BCSP): Abstract PWE-072 Table 1
Authors: A Goddard, C Nickerson, R Blanks, D Burling, J Patnick
Journal: Gut (2012)

Introduction The current BCSP pathway recommends radiological examination of the colon for people with a positive faecal occult blood test who are unable to undergo colonoscopy. The proportion of people undergoing radiological examination and polyp/cancer yield is unknown. Methods All patients undergoing lower gastrointestinal investigation following a positive faecal occult blood test within the English national Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) in the first 4 years of the programme (August 2006–July 2010) were identified. The number, percentage, demographics and co-morbidity (as defined by ASA grade) of people having CT colonography, barium enema, and plain abdominal CT as the first investigation were recorded and variability between centres was assessed. Use of radiology and yield of cancer and high risk polyps were also recorded, and compared to colonoscopy. Outliers were determined using Tukey limit methods. Results Use of radiological tests as a first line investigation increased steadily with age from 0.99% in those aged <60 years to 6.04% in those aged >74 years. Radiological tests were used in more women than men (2.65% vs 2.35%, p<0.01). Radiological investigation increased with co-morbidity from 1.94% in people graded ASA 1 to 38.36% in ASA 4 (p<0.001). Cancer and high risk polyp detection rates for all first-line investigations are shown below. Detection rates for radiological tests were lower in this older, co-morbid sub-population than found for colonoscopy. There was considerable variation in the use of radiology between centres (0.3% to 9.1%), not related to age or co-morbidity. Two centres had a very low percentage of people having radiology tests and three very high. Conclusion The number of people having radiology tests as an alternative to colonoscopy in the BCSP is highly variable across England but is associated with increasing age and co-morbidity. Cancer and high risk polyp detection rates appear lower in this sub-population compared to colonoscopy yield. Accuracy of radiology data input and examination of the factors contributing to these data requires further investigation and analysis. View this table: Abstract PWE-072 Table 1 Competing interests None declared.
Case 32-1992
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, M.A. Simon, A.E. Rosenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Presentation of CaseA 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a painful mass in the thigh.Three years earlier the patient became aware of swelling in the posterior portion of the right thigh. During the two months before entry the mass enlarged progressively; he began to have local pain while sitting, and after remaining seated for 30 to 60 minutes he experienced a sensation of "coolness" in the leg. An angiographic examination of the right common femoral, superficial femoral, and profunda femoris arteries was reported to show atherosclerosis but no indication that the mass was related to . . .
Abstract 3114: Mutational inactivation of STAG2 causes aneuploidy in human cancer
Authors: David Solomon, Taeyon Kim, Laura Diaz-Martinez, Joshlean Fair, Abdel Elkahloun, Brent Harris, Jeffrey Toretsky, Steven Rosenberg, Neerav Shukla, Marc Ladanyi, Yardena Samuels, C. David James, Hongtao Yu, Jung-Sik Kim, Todd Waldman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract One of the hallmarks of cancer is chromosomal instability, which leads to aneuploidy, translocations, loss of heterozygosity, and other chromosomal aberrations. Chromosomal instability is an early event in cancer pathogenesis and is thought to help generate the large number of genetic lesions required for a cell to undergo malignant transformation. It has been hypothesized that this instability is due to inactivating mutations in genes that control the mitotic checkpoint and chromosome segregation. However, in the vast majority of human tumors the molecular basis of chromosomal instability and the aneuploidy it produces remains unknown. We have recently identified a clue to the mechanistic origins of aneuploidy through integrative genomic analyses of human tumors (Science 333:1039, 2011). A diverse range of tumor types were found to harbor deletions or inactivating mutations of STAG2, a gene encoding a subunit of the cohesin complex, which regulates the separation of sister chromatids during cell division. Because STAG2 is on the X chromosome, its inactivation requires only a single mutational event. Studying a near-diploid human cell line with a stable karyotype, we found that targeted inactivation of STAG2 led to chromatid cohesion defects and aneuploidy, whereas in two aneuploid human glioblastoma cell lines, targeted correction of the endogenous mutant alleles of STAG2 led to enhanced chromosomal stability. Thus, genetic disruption of cohesin is a cause of aneuploidy in human cancer. These findings and additional unpublished observations regarding the role of STAG2 inactivation in aneuploidy will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3114. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3114
HEMOSPRAY: EXPERIENCIA INICIAL EN HEMORRAGIA DIGESTIVA ALTA NO VARICOSA
Authors: E Brullet, P García-Iglesias, F Junquera, E Martinez-Bauer, X Calvet, J Sopeña, A Fernández-Atutxa, R Campo
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: Hemospray® es un nuevo agente hemostático para el tratamiento endoscópico de lesiones sangrantes no varicosas del tracto gastrointestinal. Dos estudios piloto realizados en Hong Kong y Canadá han mostrado su eficacia en pacientes con sangrado por úlcera péptica (Forrest Ia) y en pacientes con sangrado de origen tumoral respectivamente. Objetivo: Valorar la eficacia y aplicabilidad de Hemospray en pacientes con hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa (HDANV) en nuestro medio. Material y método: Previamente al uso de Hemospray, los facultativos y personal de enfermería fueron adiestrados teórica y prácticamente. Hemospray es un polvo inorgánico que se aplica sobre lesiones sangrantes no varicosas, a través de un catéter que se introduce por el canal de trabajo de endoscopios. Dicho polvo se administra en forma de spray impulsado por C02 contenido en un cartucho del dispositivo. Entre Junio 2011 y Mayo 2012 se trataron con Hemospray 15 pacientes con HDANV. Los datos clínicos y evolución de los pacientes fueron recogidos de forma prospectiva. Resultados: Durante el período del estudio se trataron con Hemospray 15 pacientes (12 hombres, 3 mujeres, edad media 69±14 a.). Once (73%) presentaban un índice Rockall >5. Cinco pacientes presentaban úlcera péptica Forrest Ia, 2 pacientes con desgarro gástrico y sangrado pulsátil, y 8 con neoplasia digestiva alta y sangrado activo. En 11 (73%) pacientes Hemospray se utilizó en monoterapia, y en 4 (todos lesiones pépticas) tras no conseguir hemostasia mediante inyección o clips. Se consiguió hemostasia inicial en el 100%, y definitiva en 14 (93%) pacientes. Un paciente con neoplasia gástrica falleció precozmente y otro con úlcera péptica requirió cirugía tras recidiva hemorrágica a las 48 horas. No se observaron efectos adversos. En 3 ocasiones se constataron problemas técnicos del dispositivo de Hemospray (oclusión catéter, malfuncionamiento cartucho de CO2). Conclusiones La aplicación de Hemospray es segura y eficaz para el control del sangrado en pacientes con HDANV, especialmente en casos de lesión tumoral donde los métodos convencionales son difíciles de aplicar y de dudosa eficacia hemostática.
MEDICAL MORBIDITY AFTER THE FONTAN OPERATION: LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP AT A SINGLE CENTER
Authors: Kiona Y. Allen, Tacy Downing, Andrew Glatz, Lindsay S. Rogers, Chitra Ravishankar, Jack Rychik, Stephanie Fuller, Lisa M. Montenegro, James Steven, Thomas Spray, Susan C. Nicolson, J. William Gaynor, David Goldberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)