tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1420: Inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase reduces tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic nude mice model of human gastric cancer
Authors: Tomonori Sumida, Yasuhiko Kitadai, Mayu Onishi, Eiji Ohara, Kei Shinagawa, Miwako Tanaka, Michiyo Kodama, Shinji Tanaka, Wataru Yasui, Kazuaki Chayama
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Recent studies have revealed that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) plays a role in promoting progressive tumor growth in several organs; however, whether PDGF plays a role in gastric cancer is undetermined. We examined whether inhibition of PDGF receptor (PDGF-R) tyrosine kinase signaling by imatinib affects tumor growth and metastasis of human gastric cancer cells in an orthotopic nude mouse model. Methods: TMK1 human gastric cancer cells were injected into the gastric wall of nude mice. Groups of mice (n=10 each) received saline (control), low-dose imatinib (50 mg/kg/day), high-dose imatinib (200 mg/kg/day), cancer chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (5 mg/kg/week), or imatinib (50 mg/kg/day or 200 mg/kg/day) and irinotecan in combination for 28 days. Tumor growth and metastasis were assessed. Resected tumors were analyzed immunohistochemically. Results: Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) within gastric tumors expressed high levels of PDGF-R; cancer cells did not. Treatment with imatinib alone did not inhibit tumor growth and metastasis; however, treatment with irinotecan alone or combined with imatinib (single-agent therapy or relative control) significantly inhibited tumor growth. Only treatment with high-dose imatinib and irinotecan in combination inhibited lymph node and peritoneal metastasis. Immunohistochemically, only imatinib alone or in combination with irinotecan significantly decreased the stromal reaction, pericyte coverage of tumor microvessels, and microvessel area. These effects were marked in the high-dose imatinib group. Conclusion: Administration of PDGF-R tyrosine kinase inhibitor in combination with irinotecan appears to impair the progressive growth of gastric cancer cells by blockade of PDGF-R signaling pathways in CAFs and pericytes on the tumor vasculature. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1420.
Abstract LB-204: Matrix metalloproteinase-10 is required for lung cancer stem cell maintenance, tumor initiation and metastatic potential
Authors: Verline Justilien, Roderick P. Regala, I-Chu Tseng, Michael P. Walsh, Jyotica Batra, Evette S. Radisky, Nicole R. Murray, Alan P. Fields
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Matrix metalloproteinase 10 (Mmp10; stromelysin 2) is a member of a large family of structurally related matrix metalloproteinases, many members of which have been implicated in tumor progression, invasion and metastasis. However, emerging evidence suggests a possible role for Mmps in tumor initiation. Here we reveal an unexpected role for Mmp10 in the maintenance and tumorigenicity of mouse lung cancer stem-like cells (CSC). Mouse lung cancer cell cultures enriched in stem-like cells grow as undifferentiated tumor “oncospheres” that express elevated levels of the cancer stem cell markers Aldh1, CD133, Nanog, Notch3, Notch 4, Hey 1 and Hey 2. These cells also express elevated levels of Mmp10 mRNA and secrete elevated levels of Mmp10 protein. Functionally, these lung CSCs exhibit self-renewal, the ability to clonally expand, enhanced transforming potential in vitro, and enhanced tumorigenic properties when injected orthotopically into the lungs of syngeneic mice. RNAi-mediated knockdown of Mmp10 in these cells leads to a loss of stem cell marker gene expression and a dramatic inhibition of oncosphere growth, clonal expansion, transformed growth in vitro, and lung tumor formation and metastasis in vivo. In contrast, oncospheres implanted into syngeneic non-transgenic or Mmp10−/− mice show no significant difference in tumor initiation, growth or metastasis, demonstrating the importance of Mmp10 produced by cancer cells rather than the tumor microenvironment in lung tumor initiation and maintenance. Analysis of gene expression data from human tumors demonstrates that Mmp10 is elevated in many human tumor types including lung, head and neck, esophageal, colon, breast, melanoma, bladder, cervical, ovarian, prostate and brain. Furthermore, gene set enhancement analysis (GSEA) demonstrates that elevated Mmp10 expression correlates with tumor metastasis and with cancer stem-like genomic signatures in human lung tumors. Thus, Mmp10 is required for maintenance of a highly tumorigenic, cancer-initiating, metastatic stem-like cell population in lung cancer. Our data demonstrate for the first time that Mmp10 is a critical lung cancer stem cell gene and novel therapeutic target for lung cancer stem cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-204. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-204
Acute myeloid leukemia: 2014 Update on risk‐stratification and management
Authors: Elihu H. Estey
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Overview: Evidence suggest that even patients aged 70 or above benefit from specific AML therapy. The fundamental decision in AML then becomes whether to recommend standard or investigational treatment. This decision must rest on the likely outcome of standard treatment. Hence we review factors that predict treatment related mortality and resistance to therapy, the latter the principal cause of failure even in patients aged 70 or above. We emphasize the limitations of prediction of resistance based only on pre‐treatment factors and stress the need to incorporate post‐treatment factors, for example indicators of minimal residual disease. We review various newer therapeutic options and considerations that underlie the decision to recommend allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant. Am. J. Hematol. 89:1064–1081, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impacted bone fragment in a small-bowel diverticulum: an extremely rare cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Hazem Hammad, Leen Al-Sayyed, Shoba Theivanayagam, Van Nguyen, Arthur Rawlings, Matthew Bechtold
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Obscure gastrointestinal tract bleeding (OGIB) is a common and challenging issue [1]. Here we present an extremely rare case of overt OGIB secondary to impacted bone fragment within a small-bowel diverticulum.
Nasobiliary tube placement: how to accomplish oral-to-nasal transfer
Authors: Ke Li, Yong-Hui Huang, Xue-Biao Huang, Hong Chang, Wei Yao, Yao-Peng Zhang
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

We would like to present our experience of nasobiliary tube (NBT) transfer. A description of this technique, called the guidewire maneuver, follows ([Video 1]).
PWE-054 Preliminary Experience of Hemospray in the Management of Diffuse Portal Hypertensive Bleeding
Authors: L A Smith, J Morris, A J Stanley
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Hemospray is a novel powder licenced in Europe and Canada for endoscopic hemostasis of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG), enteropathy or colopathy develop in many patients with portal hypertension. These conditions often present with chronic anaemia. However they can also result in acute blood loss which is difficult to treat due to the diffuse nature of bleeding. <h3>Methods</h3> We present data from 4 consecutive patients presenting to our institution with acute haemorrhage secondary to non-variceal diffuse portal hypertensive bleeding, which was treated with Hemospray. <h3>Results</h3> Patient 1- a 67 year old man with alcoholic liver disease and cirrhosis attended for variceal screening gastroscopy. At the time he was found to have active bleeding from severe PHG. Hemospray was applied to this area achieving hemostasis, with no complications. Elective repeat gastroscopy at 4 weeks showed moderate PHG with no active bleeding and he had no clinical rebleeding by 6 weeks. Patient 2- a 74 year old lady with cryptogenic cirrhosis and transfusion dependent anaemia secondary to PHG despite beta-blockers, presented with an acute upper gastrointestinal bleed. Gastroscopy showed active bleeding from diffuse antral PHG. Argon beam diathermy failed to achieve hemostasis, therefore Hemospray was applied resulting in bleeding cessation. She had self limiting post-procedural abdominal pain but no evidence of perforation on imaging. No clinical rebleeding occurred during the next 6 weeks, although she continued to require 2-weekly transfusions as before for her chronic anaemia. Patient 3- a 72 year old man with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis due to hemochromatosis, and transfusion dependent anaemia despite beta-blockers, presented with fresh rectal bleeding. Flexible sigmoidoscopy demonstrated severe portal hypertensive colopathy with active bleeding. Hemospray was applied and hemostasis achieved. He had no complications and no further rectal bleeding by 6 weeks. There was evidence of reduced transfusion requirements during this 6 week period. Patient 4 – a 66 year old lady with decompensated alcohol related cirrhosis presented with abdominal pain and melena. Emergency gastroscopy revealed active bleeding from severe proximal PHG. Hemospray was applied leading to hemostasis. Following the procedure the patient developed increasing abdominal pain and imaging showed evidence of free peritoneal air. She was deemed unfit for surgical intervention due to her co-morbidites and died of sepsis secondary to perforated abdominal viscus 4 days following the procedure. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Hemospray appears to achieve hemostasis in acute non-variceal portal hypertensive bleeding. Further data are required on the outcome and safety of Hemospray use in this condition. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Clinical Advantages of Neoadjuvant Docetaxel (T) and Carboplatin (C) ± Trastuzumab (H) in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC).
Authors: H. Chang, J. Glaspy, J. Gornbein, F. Kass, M. Allison, D. Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Neoadjuvant systemic treatment has become a standard choice for locally advanced breast cancer with many proposed benefits in achieving clear margins, preserving breasts, reducing relapse and improving survival. Recently, we completed a neoadjuvant trial studying the effects of 4 cycles of docetaxel (75 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC=6) with or without trastuzumab (4mg/kg loading dose and 2 mg/kg weekly dose) on LABC. In this report, we assessed whether clinical complete response (cCR) or pathologic complete response (pCR) correlated better with having breast conservation surgery, fewer relapses and improved survival outcomes.Materials and Methods: Seventy-one of the 74 consented patients with T2-T4 non-metastatic breast cancer completed the preoperative treatment and had evaluable data on tumor response, surgical treatment and clinical outcome. We used the Kaplan Meier method to estimate survival probabilities and log rank test to compare relapse-free and survival curves.Results: Clinical outcomes from a preplanned 2-year analysis of a phase II neoadjuvant are reported. Of the 19 patients with pCR, 16 occurred in patients with cCR (n=32) and 3 were in the group of non-cCR (n=39). Although cCR overestimated tumor response, 84.2% pCR occurred in the cCR group and only 15.8% in the non-cCR group. The relapse-free survival at 2 and 3 years for pCR vs. non-pCR were 93.8% and 83.3% vs. 78.4% (p=0.122) and 58%, respectively; and for cCR vs. non-cCR were 80.9% and 65% vs. 83.9% and 64.3% (p=0.999). The pCR was also more predictive than cCR for overall survival. Of the 30 HER2 positive breast cancer, 15 received trastuzumab throughout the neoadjuvant and adjuvant phases for a total of 52 weeks. The remaining 15 patients received identical chemotherapy but trastuzumab was started after the surgery and continued for 52 weeks. While distinctively different pCR between the two treatment groups was expected, the better survival rate observed in the group receiving neoadjuvant TCH was not expected. Our study showed that pCR was strongly associated with a more frequent use of lumpectomy than the non-pCR group 63.2% vs. 36.5% (p=0.045).Conclusion: The effects of preoperative systemic treatment on LABC can be assessed both clinically and pathologically. Our data suggests that pathologic complete response was a better predictor for having breast conservation surgery and relapse-free survival rates. Our data also suggests that patients with HER2 positive breast cancer may benefit from receiving preoperative trastuzumab and chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1100.
A Nosocomial Outbreak of<i>Salmonella enteritidis</i>Infection Due to the Consumption of Raw Eggs
Authors: Edward E. Telzak, Lawrence D. Budnick, Michele S. Zweig Greenberg, Steve Blum, Mehdi Shayegani, Charles E. Benson, Stephen Schultz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

THE number of reported infections due to Salmonella serotype enteritidis increased six-fold in the northeastern United States from 1976 to 1986.1 , 2 Of the reported outbreaks of food-borne salmonellosis, infections due to S. enteritidis were more likely than those due to other salmonella serotypes to be associated with the consumption of foods containing eggs.3 In 1987, the New York City Department of Health and the New York State Department of Health investigated the largest nosocomial outbreak of S. enteritidis to have occurred in the United States, in which 404 of the 965 patients (42 percent) at one hospital were affected, and . . .
Abstract 4880: Monitoring tumor response to chemotherapy by in vivo real-time imaging of phosphatidylserine targeting antibodies
Authors: Jian Gong, Linda Him, Christopher Hughes, Bruce Freimark
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid normally residing in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane that becomes exposed on tumor vascular endothelial cells and tumor cells in response to chemotherapy, irradiation and oxidative stresses in the tumor microenvironment. Binding of antibodies targeting PS on the tumor endothelial cells recruit immune cells and engage the immune system to destroy tumor vasculature. The antibodies also enhance anti-tumor immunity by blocking the immunosuppressive action of PS. A chimeric anti-PS antibody, bavituximab, is being used in combination with chemotherapy to treat patients with solid tumors in randomized Phase IIb clinical trials. In the present study, we demonstrate in vivo tumor imaging of PS expression using real-time, near infrared fluorescence imaging of antibodies that specifically target PS. Human prostate PC-3 tumors expressing luciferase were orthotopically transplanted in SCID mice and tumor growth was monitored by bioluminescence. Targeting antibodies used in this study bind PS through the interaction of beta-2-glycoprotein 1 (β2GP1) in the same manner as bavituximab binding to β2GP1 in humans. Specific localization of fluorescence-labeled PS targeting antibodies after a single dose was observed in tumors compared to an isotype control antibody. Persistence of antibody localization was prolonged using intact IgG compared to F(ab’)2 fragment. Chemotherapy was shown to enhance the binding of PS targeting antibodies to tumors. These data provide a rationale to image PS expression to localize tumors or metastases and to monitor chemotherapy-induced PS expression during the course of bavituximab therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4880. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4880
Prevention of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease by Screening for Cervical Chlamydial Infection
Authors: Delia Scholes, Andy Stergachis, Fred E. Heidrich, Holly Andrilla, King K. Holmes, Walter E. Stamm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Chlamydia trachomatis is a frequent cause of pelvic inflammatory disease. However, there is little information from clinical studies about whether screening women for cervical chlamydial infection can reduce the incidence of this serious illness.
IMPACTO CLINICO DE LA COMBINACION DE ECOENDOSCOPIA Y COLANGIOPANCREATOGRAFIA ENDOSCOPICA EN UN MISMO PROCEDIMIENTO EN LA PATOLOGIA BILIOPANCREATICA
Authors: C Loras, J Gornals, C Pons, M De la Hera, S Maisterra, I Catalá, N Peláez, J Busquets, J Nogueira, J Fabregat
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Objectivos: la ultrasonografia endoscópica (USE) y la colangiopancreatografia retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE) son procedimientos habituales en el manejo de pacientes con patologia biliopancreática. Nuestro objetivo es describir la experiencia en nuestro centro, y el impacto clínico de combinar las 2técnicas en un mismo procedimiento.
The Specificity of Serological Reactions.
Authors: Harrison F. Wood
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

In 1936 the late Dr. Landsteiner published the first edition of his now classic monographic review of serologic reactions. The advances of the subsequent years made a revision desirable, and the text was completed at the time of Dr. Landsteiner's death; we are indebted to his son Ernest, also a physician, who undertook to see the revision carried through to the state of final publication. This volume contains an excellent chapter on molecular structure and intermolecular forces as they apply to immunologic reactions, contributed by Dr. Linus Pauling. The remainder of the book includes an introductory section defining immunologic concepts and terminology and chapters on the serologic properties of various types of proteins, nonprotein cell substances and artificial conjugated antigens derived from simple chemical compounds, on cell antigens, on the nature and specificity of antibodies and on antigen-antibody reactions. The enormous body of pertinent literature has been analyzed and built
ACUTE CARDIOVASCULAR CHANGES TO CONTROLLED DIESEL EXHAUST EXPOSURE IN HEALTH SUBJECTS: A POOLED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF 373 PARTICIPANTS FROM RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Jefferson Luis Vieira, Francisco Macedo, Alexandre M. Benjo, Guilherme V. Guimarães, Johanna P. Contreras, Edimar A. Bocchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Radical Mastectomy for Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Edward B. Gray, Thomas J. Anglem
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

RADICAL mastectomy, long the standard and generally accepted treatment for cancer of the breast, has recently been criticized by McWhirter1 , 2 and others3 4 5 6 as being often ineffective and even harmful. Axillary dissection in the presence of gross axillary metastases, it has been said, may actually shorten life by exacerbating disease in the lymphatics. It is the purpose of this paper to report survival results in patients with carcinoma of the breast treated by the standard radical mastectomy, comparing our results with those described by McWhirter1 , 2 and others who believe that the treatment of choice for operable carcinoma of the breast is . . .
A quantitative assessment of the risks and cost savings of forgoing histologic examination of diminutive polyps
Authors: W. Kessler, T. Imperiale, R. Klein, R. Wielage, D. Rex
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

See also: Commentaire de travail de W. R. Kessler et al., pp. 683Endoscopy 2011; 43(08): 930-931DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291774
Clinical Relevance of the Histopathological Subclassification of Diffuse “Histiocytic” Lymphoma
Authors: James A. Strauchen, Robert C. Young, Vincent T. Devita, Tom Anderson, Joseph C. Fantone, Costan W. Berard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Because diffuse "histiocytic" lymphoma, which is an immunologically heterogeneous disease, responds well to chemotherapy in some but not all patients, we attempted to identify the morphologic features that might correlate with its behavior and prognosis. We identified five histopathological categories in 66 patients: one with an excellent prognosis (large, cleaved cell, six of eight patients surviving for two years); two with an intermediate prognosis (large, noncleaved and mixed follicular-center cell, nine of 18 and eight of 17, respectively, surviving for two years); and two with a poor prognosis (blastic and pleomorphic pyroninophilic, one of 10 and two of 13, respectively, surviving for two years). The differences among categories were significant (P less than 0.02) and not dependent on stage (P greater than 0.20). Tumors of follicular-center origin had a better prognosis than tumors of nonfollicular-center origin (P less than 0.01). Differences in survival were due to differences in complete response rate. Morphologic subclassification of diffuse "histiocytic" lymphoma may be useful in predicting response to chemotherapy and survival.
FRI0237 Diagnosing Hereditary Hemochromatosis in the Rheumatology Practice
Authors: G. Neeck, H. Wernitzsch, A. Klüter, M. Schulz, H. Dotzlaw
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HH) is a genetic disorder in which mutations of the HFE gene, and less frequently in the transferring receptor 2 (TFR2) gene, result in an increase in intestinal iron absorption. Clinically this disorder manifests itself in the deposition of iron in tissues such as the liver, heart and pancreas. Almost one half of HH patients will develop arthritis if left untreated. <h3>Objectives</h3> Because joint pain and swelling are prominent symptoms of HH, many patients find their way into the rheumatology practice before the disease is diagnosed. In order to determine the incidence of HH in our practice, we have routinely investigated iron metabolism in new patients over the last 5½ years. <h3>Methods</h3> We measured in serum concentrations of ferritin, transferrin and iron in 10,035 patients and calculated the iron-transferrin saturation. Patients were tested for HH by determining mutations of the HFE gene C282Y and H63D if the iron saturation was &gt;45% and ferritin levels were elevated. In cases where iron overload persisted in the absence of HFE mutations, the non HFE genes homojuvelin, herceptin, transferrin, transferrin receptor and ferroportin were analyzed for possible mutations. In patients that had been treated by phlebotomy or iron chelation therapy the liver iron concentration was measured using the MRI-based FerriScan technology. <h3>Results</h3> Of patients showing an iron overload (iron transferrin saturation &gt;45% and elevated ferritin), 42 were diagnosed as having HH by genetic analyses: 24 C282Y homozygotes, 7 H63D homozygotes, 7 compound heterozygotes C282Y/H63D, 1 homozygote for the non-HFE-gene ferroportin, 2 homozygotes for the transferrin receptor 2, and 1 H63D/transferrin receptor 2 heterozygote. All patients suffered from arthralgias and about one half had typical HH-arthopathy of the metacarpalia-phalangeal joints II and III of the hands. Most patients could be treated successfully by phlebotomy or iron chelation therapy. The effect of these treatments could be monitored by measuring the reduction in liver iron concentration using FerriScan MRI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> HH is an important differential diagnosis in cases with undifferentiated joint pain. Parameters of iron metabolism should be routinely determined in these patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1132