tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The introduction of the SENTINEL influenza surveillance system in Poland - experiences and lessons learned from the first three epidemic seasons
Authors: M Romanowska, I Nowak, K Rybicka, L B Brydak
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Influenza surveillance provides information on virus activity and is necessary for the selection of vaccine strains and early warning. To improve this surveillance in Poland, a sentinel surveillance system was introduced in 2004-5 influenza season (SENTINEL). This paper presents results from SENTINEL during three seasons of its existence. Voivodship Sanitary-Epidemiological Stations (VSESs), physicians and the National Influenza Center (NIC) participate in SENTINEL. Laboratory course was performed by the NIC for VSESs. Stations were provided with procedures, report forms, etc. Physicians register number of influenza-like illnesses (ILI) and collect swabs. VSESs perform diagnostic tests. On the basis of information from VSESs, the NIC prepares weekly reports for the entire country. In 2004-5 epidemiological reports were received from 50% of VSESs, while in 2005-6 and 2006-7 from all VSESs. Virological reports were obtained from 37.5% of VSESs (2004-5), 75% (2005-6) and 94% (2006-7). Weekly number of reporting physicians ranged in three consecutive seasons from 165 to 219, 98 to 949 and 696 to 1,054. A total of 399 specimens were tested during the 2004-5 winter; 63 (16%) were positive for influenza and 21 (5%) for other respiratory viruses. In 2005-6, 949 specimens were tested. Influenza infections were confirmed in 47 cases (5%) and infections with other respiratory viruses in 36 cases (4%). A total of 1,195 specimens were tested during the 2006-7 winter; 37 (3%) were positive for influenza and 26 (2%) for other respiratory viruses. SENTINEL provided improvement of influenza surveillance when compared with seasons before 2004. Nevertheless, due to decreasing rate of positive specimens, virological surveillance is the most important part to improve in the next years.
The relation of time spent in drug abuse treatment to posttreatment outcome
Authors: D D Simpson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The author examined follow-up outcomes in the first year after treatment in relation to time spent in treatment in the Drug Abuse Reporting Program. Follow-up interviews were completed with more than 3,000 people admitted to drug abuse treatment during 1969--1972, including clients treated with methadone maintenance, therapeutic communities, outpatient drug-free programs, and outpatient detoxification, as well as a group who completed intake procedures but did not return for treatment. Longer time in treatment was related to better posttreatment outcome, but clients who spent less than 3 months in treatment were not significantly different from the detoxification-only group or the intake-only group.
An outbreak of Campylobacter jejuni associated with consumption of chicken, Copenhagen, 2005
Authors: A Mazick, S Ethelberg, E Møller Nielsen, K Mølbak, M Lisby
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

In May/June 2005 an outbreak of diarrhoeal illness occurred among company employees in Copenhagen. Cases were reported from seven of eight companies that received food from the same catering kitchen. Stool specimens from three patients from two companies were positive for Campylobacter jejuni. We performed a retrospective cohort study among employees exposed to canteen food in the three largest companies to identify the source of the outbreak and to prevent further spread. Using self-administered questionnaires we collected information on disease, days of canteen food eaten and food items consumed. The catering kitchen was inspected and food samples were taken. Questionnaires were returned by 295/348 (85%) employees. Of 247 employees who ate canteen food, 79 were cases, and the attack rate (AR) was 32%. Consuming canteen food on 25 May was associated with illness (AR 75/204, RR=3.2, 95%CI 1.3-8.2). Consumption of chicken salad on this day, but not other types of food, was associated with illness (AR=43/97, RR=2.3, 95%CI 1.3-4.1). Interviews with kitchen staff indicated the likelihood of cross-contamination from raw chicken to the chicken salad during storage. This is the first recognised major Campylobacter outbreak associated with contaminated chicken documented in Denmark. It is plausible that food handling practices contributed to transmission, and awareness of safe food handling and storage has since been raised among kitchen staff. The low number of positive specimens accrued in this outbreak suggests a general underascertainment of adult cases in the laboratory reporting system by a factor of 20.
OF SCIENCE, HUMANISM, AND MEDICINE
Authors: D ROBB
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Observations on the Use of Phospholine Iodide in Treatment of Glaucoma
Authors: L A YOUNG
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tofacitinib in Active Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Mario Cottone, Ambrogio Orlando, Claudio Papi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

neoplasms 3,4 that were excluded from the analysis performed by Cochand-Priollet et al.Most important, blinded, prospective, large-scale, multicenter clinical trials to investigate these markers are lacking.High-quality investigations are critical for any molecular analysis before findings can be translated into clinical practice.Lastly, we note an error in the letter from Pusztaszeri: the sensitivity of the gene-expression classifier was 92%, not 52%.We agree with Dominguez that both negative and positive predictive values are influenced by the prevalence of cancer in a population.It is reasonable to characterize the performance of a diagnostic test with negative likelihood ratios, which is independent of the disease prevalence.However, computation of the negative likelihood ratio is accurate only when all other characteristics of the cohort are the same -a condition that is rare in the clinical setting. 5Our validation study included many sites and ethnic groups across the United States, including academic and community practices, patients ranging in age from 22 to 85 years, various nodule sizes, and many methods of fine-needle aspiration biopsy.We therefore believe our results are applicable for broad routine use.
Abstract B23: Chemoproteomic profiling of native kinases during the treatment of cells with kinase inhibitors
Authors: Tyzoon K. Nomanbhoy, Heidi E. Brown, Jiangyue Wu, Subha Vogeti, Arwin Aban, Wendy Grant, Alemayehu Senait, Shuzhen Wu, Christa Dias, Geeta Sharma
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Kinases are an important class of targets for a number of therapeutic indications, and currently, kinase inhibitors constitute a significant fraction of recently approved drugs, particularly for cancer. Using a probe-based chemoproteomics platform, we have demonstrated the utility of the platform to monitor the interactions between inhibitors and native kinases. Herein, we profile kinase inhibitors in cell lines either sensitive or resistant to the compound for various periods of time. We observe that at early time points, inhibitor profiles for a compound are qualitatively similar in both the sensitive and resistant cells, suggesting the compound is capable of engaging its direct targets in both cell types. In contrast, at later time points, additional kinases are observed affected by compound treatment. We infer that these kinases do not directly bind the compound but rather reflect secondary effects that result from the engagement of the primary targets (pathway effects). Significantly, the pathway effects are only observed in the sensitive cells and not the resistant cells. Kinases affected through these pathway effects include kinases known to be critical for cell cycle progression including CDK1, Aurora A and B, PLK1, and MASTL. Finally, we demonstrate that during the treatment of tumor-bearing mice with an inhibitor, in addition to inhibition of the direct targets, pathway effects are observed recapitulating the results from the cell-based studies. Citation Format: Tyzoon K. Nomanbhoy, Heidi E. Brown, Jiangyue Wu, Subha Vogeti, Arwin Aban, Wendy Grant, Alemayehu Senait, Shuzhen Wu, Christa Dias, Geeta Sharma. Chemoproteomic profiling of native kinases during the treatment of cells with kinase inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B23.
Prospective Evaluation of the Thrombotic Risk in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Carrying the MTHFR TT 677 Genotype, the Prothrombin G20210A Variant, and Further Prothrombotic Risk Factors
Authors: Ulrike Nowak-Göttl, Cornelia Wermes, Ralf Junker, Hans-Georg Koch, Rosmarie Schobess, Gudrun Fleischhack, Dirk Schwabe, Silke Ehrenforth
Journal: Blood (1999)
On Nervous Symptoms with Ear-Disease
Authors: J. H. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1877)

<h3>Objective</h3> To examine the role of hepatocyte myeloid differentiation primary-response gene 88 (MyD88) on glucose and lipid metabolism. <h3>Design</h3> To study the impact of the innate immune system at the level of the hepatocyte and metabolism, we generated mice harbouring hepatocyte-specific deletion of <i>MyD88</i>. We investigated the impact of the deletion on metabolism by feeding mice with a normal control diet or a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. We evaluated body weight, fat mass gain (using time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance), glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis (using metabolic chambers). We performed microarrays and quantitative PCRs in the liver. In addition, we investigated the gut microbiota composition, bile acid profile and both liver and plasma metabolome. We analysed the expression pattern of genes in the liver of obese humans developing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). <h3>Results</h3> Hepatocyte-specific deletion of <i>MyD88</i> predisposes to glucose intolerance, inflammation and hepatic insulin resistance independently of body weight and adiposity. These phenotypic differences were partially attributed to differences in gene expression, transcriptional factor activity (ie, peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-α, farnesoid X receptor (FXR), liver X receptors and STAT3) and bile acid profiles involved in glucose, lipid metabolism and inflammation. In addition to these alterations, the genetic deletion of <i>MyD88</i> in hepatocytes changes the gut microbiota composition and their metabolomes, resembling those observed during diet-induced obesity. Finally, obese humans with NASH displayed a decreased expression of different cytochromes P450 involved in bioactive lipid synthesis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study identifies a new link between innate immunity and hepatic synthesis of bile acids and bioactive lipids. This dialogue appears to be involved in the susceptibility to alterations associated with obesity such as type 2 diabetes and NASH, both in mice and humans.
Effectiveness of vitamin E for treatment of long-term tardive dyskinesia
Authors: L M Dabiri, D Pasta, J K Darby, D Mosbacher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Eleven patients with tardive dyskinesia were treated in a double-blind study of vitamin E or placebo for 12 weeks. Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) ratings were performed before and after treatment. Patients receiving vitamin E showed a significant reduction in their AIMS scale score, but patients receiving placebo showed no significant change. Vitamin E had a helpful effect even for patients whose tardive dyskinesia was mild and long-term.
A Comparison of the Recovery of Isotopic and of Diazotizable Nitrogen Following Gastric Intubation of 2-Acetylaminofluorene-N&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt; to Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Helen M. Dyer, Charlotte M. Damron, Harold P. Morris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

A Comparison of the Recovery of Isotopic and of Diazotizable Nitrogen Following Gastric Intubation of 2-Acetylaminofluorene-N15 to Rats Get access Helen M. Dyer, Helen M. Dyer National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charlotte M. Damron, Charlotte M. Damron National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harold P. Morris Harold P. Morris National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 1, August 1953, Pages 93–104, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.1.93 Published: 01 August 1953 Article history Received: 25 February 1953 Published: 01 August 1953
Efficacy and safety of rolapitant for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in moderately emetogenic therapy (MEC).
Authors: Paul Joseph Hesketh, Lee Steven Schwartzberg, Manuel R. Modiano, Sujata Arora, Allen Poma, Ian D. Schnadig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9622 Background: Rolapitant, a novel NK-1 receptor antagonist, showed efficacy for prevention of CINV in patients (pts) receiving MEC (anthracycline/cyclophosphamide (A/C) and other regimens) in a global phase 3 trial. Recent anti-emetic guidelines consider A/C based regimens to be highly emetogenic. In this post hoc analysis, the efficacy and safety of rolapitant was assessed during Cycle 1 in pts receiving non-AC MEC. Methods: In a double-blind, active-controlled study, pts were randomized to oral rolapitant 200 mg or placebo 1–2 hours before MEC. All pts received granisetron 2 mg oral on days 1-3 and oral dexamethasone 20 mg on day 1. Pt subgroups were carboplatin-based MEC and Other MEC (OM; non-AC, non-carboplatin). Complete response (CR=no emesis and no use of rescue medication), no emesis, and no nausea were assessed during overall (0-120 h), acute (0-24 h), and delayed (>24-120 h) phases. Results: CR was significantly (P<0.05) higher with rolapitant than active control for overall and delayed phases in the carboplatin subset and for acute and overall phases in the OM subset (Table). No emesis rates were significantly (p<0.05) higher with rolapitant in carboplatin and OM subsets in the overall phase. No nausea rates were significantly higher with rolapitant during the overall (p= 0.023) and delayed (p=0.034) phases in carboplatin-based MEC. Incidences of treatment-related AEs in Cycle 1 with rolapitant vs. active control were 11.3% vs. 6.7% in carboplatin-based and 9.2% vs. 6.0% in OM-based therapy. Most common AEs with rolapitant and active control were constipation, fatigue, and headache. Conclusions: Rolapitant was superior to active control in preventing CINV in pt subgroups receiving either carboplatin or other non-AC MEC regimens. Rolapitant was well tolerated with low incidence of AEs. Clinical trial information: NCT01500226. Complete response rates (%) Carboplatin (N = 401) Other MEC (OM) (N = 228) Rolapitant (N = 192) Active control (N = 209) Rolapitant (N = 130) Active control (N = 98) Delayed phase (>24–120 h) 82.3% 65.6% 66.9% 60.2% p-valuea <0.001 0.296 Acute phase (0–24 h) 91.7% 88.0% 89.2% 76.5% p-valuea 0.231 0.010 Overall phase (0–120 h) 80.2% 64.6% 66.9% 54.1% p-valuea <0.001 0.049 aunstratified CMH test.
Early-stage Hodgkin's disease: a choice of treatments or a treatment of choice?
Authors: R T Hoppe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.6.897 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2033425 Early-stage Hodgkin's disease: a choice of treatments or a treatment of choice? R T HoppexR T HoppeSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.6.897 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The external provision of Health Maintenance Organization mental health services
Authors: D J Muller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The author describes the three ways mental health services may be provided in a health maintenance organization (HMO)--by an internal department of psychiatry, by one or more unrelated external autonomous care providers, or by an external autonomous group of providers. He proposes that the latter type is the best model, offering many of the advantages of the internal department while delivering more personalized, higher quality care at lower cost to the HMO. However, certain conditions must exist, including convenient location, regular conferences with other HMOR physicians, and the provision of educational and preventive services, if the superiority of this model is to be maintained.
Bleeding Colonic Diverticula
Authors: H H McGuire, W J Casarella, S Baum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Resumenel sangrado digestivo bajo constituye entre el 10 % y el 30 % de las consultas a urgencias.La etiología tiene una clara relación con el grupo etáreo.La causa más común de sangrado digestivo es la enfermedad diverticular, que es una verdadera urgencia en gastroenterología.el sitio anatómico donde hay más cantidad de divertículos es en el lado izquierdo, pero el que más tiene relación con el sangrado es el lado derecho.La necesidad de cirugía urgente, la hospitalización prolongada y la mortalidad en casos donde no se logra detener el sangrado mediante medidas endoscópicas es alta.se presenta el caso clínico de una joven, con sangrado recurrente, que consulta por sangrado alto y anemia severa
Abstract A13: Transferrin facilitates the formation of DNA-double strand breaks via transferrin receptor 1 in fallopian tube epithelial cells.
Authors: Shogo Shigeta, Masafumi Toyoshima, Kazuyuki Kitatani, Masumi Ishibashi, Toshinori Usui, Nobuo Yaegashi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Objectives: High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is now believed to arise from fallopian tube epithelium (FTE), and p53 signatures are indicated to be the early oncogenic change in HGSOC. Although accumulation of DNA-double strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) are frequently observed in p53 signatures, the mechanism of DNA-DSBs formation in FTE has not been revealed yet. Hydroxyl radicals, which strongly induce DNA-DSBs, are the most active reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a living organism, and hydroxyl radicals are produced in a Fenton reaction catalyzed by free iron ions. Focusing on transferrin, which is a transporter of iron ion and exists abundantly in the follicular fluid or retrograde menstrual blood, we inspected the role of transferrin and transferrin receptor family in DNA-DSBs formation at FTE. Materials and methods: The expressions of transferrin receptor 1(TfR1) and 2 (TfR2) in human FTE were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Immortalized fallopian tube secretory epithelial cells (kindly provided by Dr. Ronny Drapkin, Dana-Farber Cancer institute) and A2780 ovarian cancer cells were cultured with holo-transferrin or vehicle, and the extent of DNA-DSBs was compared. γH2AX was adopted as a marker of DNA-DSBs. ROS were also measured to verify whether transferrin promotes a Fenton reaction. The involvement of TfR1 and TfR2 were assessed with siRNA knockdown strategy. Further, the ex vivo study were performed using murine fallopian tubes. Results: In immunohistochemistry, both TfR1 and TfR2 were ubiquitously positive in human FTE. Transferrin administration significantly increased the γH2AX expression in these cells and led ROS formation. In addition, transferrin treatment also amplified hydrogen peroxide-inducing γH2AX expression. TfR1 knockdown cancelled the uptake of transferrin, subsequent γH2AX expression and ROS formation but TfR2 knockdown didn't. Also we confirmed that transferrin treatment facilitated γH2AX formation in murine FTE ex vivo. Conclusion: We identified transferrin-TfR1 axis facilitates DNA-DSBs by promoting a Fenton reaction. It is possible that FTE exposed to the extracellular transferrin highly concentrated in the follicular fluid or retrograde menstrual blood is deeply involved with the carcinogenesis of HGSOC. Citation Format: Shogo Shigeta, Masafumi Toyoshima, Kazuyuki Kitatani, Masumi Ishibashi, Toshinori Usui, Nobuo Yaegashi. Transferrin facilitates the formation of DNA-double strand breaks via transferrin receptor 1 in fallopian tube epithelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A13.
Research and development of naltrexone: a new narcotic antagonist
Authors: D A Julius
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The author reviews the history of federally supported research in the field of narcotic antagonist therapy, focusing on social, political, and governmental issues. He describes the criteria for establishing an optimum narcotic antagonist, the legal guidelines for drug development, and the currently available narcotic antagonists. Research supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse has indicated that naltrexone is the most promising drug in this category. The author discusses the safety and clinic use of naltrexone, the status of the NIDA naltrexone program, and plans for future development of the drug.