tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P179 Does Day-case Thoracoscopy Reduce The Number Of Hospital Bed Days For Patients Under Investigation For Unilateral Pleural Effusion?
Authors: J. Fallon, J. Pepperell
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Medical thoracoscopy is the investigation of choice for diagnosis of exudative pleural effusions where pleural cytology is negative and malignancy is suspected. Over the past 18 months, our centre has offered day-case thoracoscopy to suitable patients, with the aim of reducing elective admissions and overall hospital bed days for patients undergoing this procedure. A review of practice has been performed to evaluate whether day-case thoracoscopy is effective in reducing bed days in this cohort of patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Data was retrospectively collected from patients attending our centre for medical thoracoscopy over a 12 month period (Feb 2013 – Feb 2014). Information on the number of bed days required, readmission rates and repeat procedures was reviewed for those attending for day-case thoracoscopy and compared with those electively admitted for overnight stay +/- talc pleurodesis. <h3>Results</h3> Of 53 patients undergoing medical thoracoscopy at our centre, 31 patients were electively admitted for thoracoscopy, with an average stay of 3.8 bed days. 23 (74%) of this group underwent talc pleurodesis during their initial admission. 13 (42%) patients required readmission within 6 months, extending their total length of stay in this period to 7.3 bed days. 11 (35%) of these patients required further pleural procedure (s) within 6 months of initial thoracoscopy. 22 patients underwent day-case thoracoscopy (initial stay of 0 bed days). 9 (41%) of these patients required re-admission within 6 months, with an average total length of stay of 3.8 bed days. 11 (50%) of these patients went on to require further pleural procedure (s). For the 22 patients attending for day-case thoracoscopy, the number of bed days saved (number of patients x average length of elective admission) was 83.6 bed days. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Day-case thoracoscopy reduces the number of hospital bed days in patients under investigation for unilateral pleural effusion and does not lead to increased rates of re-admission for this cohort of patients. Those undergoing day-case thoracoscopy are more likely to require a further pleural procedure, as talc pleurodesis is not performed in this group.
1009 DEXAMETHASONE INDUCED HEPATIC DIFFERENTIATION OF RAT PANCREATIC PROGENITOR CELLS (B-13) IN A 3D MULTICOMPARTMENT BIOREACTOR SYSTEM
Authors: M. Richter, E.A. Fairhall, S.A. Hoffmann, J. Frühwald, M.C. Wright, K. Zeilinger
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Utility of FDG PET/CT for Differential Diagnosis of Patients Clinically Suspected of IgG4-Related Disease
Authors: Joohee Lee, Seung Hyup Hyun, Seokhwi Kim, Duk-Kyung Kim, Jong Kyun Lee, Seung Hwan Moon, Young Seok Cho, Yearn Seong Choe, Byung-Tae Kim, Kyung-Han Lee
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

We investigated the capacity of F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to differentially diagnose immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in clinically suspected patients.Subjects were 94 clinically suspected patients who had tissue IgG4 staining (n = 85) or serum IgG4 greater than 135 mg/dL (n = 9) and underwent FDG PET/CT within 40 days. Clinical, serologic, pathological, and PET/CT findings were analyzed. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance of PET/CT.Final diagnosis was IgG4-RD in 28, malignancy in 29, IgG4-unrelated inflammation in 35, and undetermined cause in 2 subjects. Patients with IgG4-RD had lower maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of FDG uptake in lesions (4.6 ± 1.7 vs 7.1 ± 5.0) and higher submandibular gland SUVmax (2.8 ± 1.0 vs 2.3 ± 0.6) and were more likely to have diffuse/heterogeneous uptake pattern (78.6% vs 54.8%). The relation between SUVmax of lesions and histopathological findings was weak. On binary logistic regression analysis, lesion SUVmax, submandibular gland SUVmax, and multiorgan involvement were significant predictors of IgG4-RD and provided an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.824. With optimum criteria, FDG PET/CT had a sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 66.1% for diagnosing IgG4-RD.FDG PET/CT findings may have the capacity to potentially differentiate IgG4 RD from other diseases in clinically suspected patients.
Abstract 2891: Control of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through serologic screening and clinical examination of at-risk subjects
Authors: Mingfang Ji, Yahua Shen, Weiming Cheng, Yuanlong Yu, Nianhua Su, Sp Ng, Mh Ng
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC) could be successfully treated by radiotherapy when the tumor is localized to the nasopharynx, while further progression to the adjacent tissues is attended by poor treatment outcome. However, 93% of the patients presented to outpatients department are diagnosed with the advanced cancer, while 86% of the localized tumors are asymptomatic, detected by clinical examination of apparently healthy subjects (Ji et al., submitted). Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) antibody levels of NPC patients are raised and maintained at high levels for up to 10 years before clinical onset (Ji et al., 2007). This suggests that repeated serologic screening could serve to monitor the tumor as it enters and transits such preclinical window and clinical examination of that risk subjects could detect the tumor as it is clinically manifested. Objective: An early NPC detection program was instituted in Zhongshan City in Southern China since December 2007. The objective is to detect NPC while the tumor is confined to the nasopharynx. Method. Subjects enrolled in this program are screened annually for levels of 3 EBV antibodies, namely IgA EBNA1, IgG EBNA1 and IgG zta, simultaneously. Clinical examination and endoscopy are performed for at-risk subjects who had elevated levels of 3 antibodies or IgA EBNA1 rod≥ 3. Results: As of July 2009, 1373 adults were enrolled, 11 were assessed as high risk for NPC and 31 with elevated levels of one of 3 antibody. Five NPC cases were detected during clinical examination and all were from among those who had high levels of all the 3 EBV antibodies. Three of these cases showed no or a minimum of symptoms and were diagnosed with localized NPC (T1N0M0). The other 2 were overt cases and diagnosed with advanced loco-regional diseases (T2N1M0 and T3N1M0) Conclusions: It is possible to control NPC by serologic screening and clinical follow-up of the at-risk subjects. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2891.
P614NLRP3 inflammasome as a sensor of metabolic stress in cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: M Sokolova, LE Vinge, K Alfsnes, IK Ohm, M Bliksoen, Ø Sandanger, P Aukrust, T Ranheim, A Yndestad
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an important risk factor for heart failure. T2D is associated with the metabolic syndrome, encompassing cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, factors also associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Patients with T2D have elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids and these are proposed to activate inflammation. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is activated by the NLRP3 inflammasome and a central mediator in T2D. Palmitate, the most abundant saturated fatty acid in plasma was recently shown to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages. The aim of this study was to investigate if this mechanism operates within myocardial cells.
Deficiency of the Complement Regulatory Protein, Decay-Accelerating Factor, on Membranes of Granulocytes, Monocytes, and Platelets in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Anne Nicholson-Weller, Douglas B. Spicer, K. Frank Austen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Deficiency of the Complement Regulatory Protein, Decay-Accelerating Factor, on Membranes of Granulocytes, Monocytes, and Platelets in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Abstract 85: Detection of promoter methylation of tumor supressor genes in serum DNA of breast cancer patients and controls
Authors: Susan R. Sturgeon, Raji Balasubramanian, Catherine Schairer, Regina Ziegler, Hyman Muss, Kathleen Arcaro
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Changes in DNA methylation patterns are a common feature of malignant cells. Methylation is an epigenetic change that affects gene expression. Methylation of a cytosine guanine dinucleotide-rich area (CpG island) of the promoter region of a gene that is normally unmethylated is correlated with silencing of that gene. Certain tumor suppressor genes are hypermethylated in breast tumor tissue and rarely methylated in normal breast tissue. Circulating serum DNA, presumably including DNA shed from the tumor, can be tested for promoter hypermethylation. Breast cancer detection with moderate sensitivity has been achieved in several small studies relying on a few genes and suggests that assaying methylation levels in a larger panel of genes might result in a useful serum marker for breast cancer detection. Methods: Bisulfite-modified serum DNA was evaluated for promoter methylation via pyrosequencing in 12 candidate tumor suppressor genes (GSTP1, SRFP1, RAR-beta, ER1, TWIST, HIN1, APC, ECAD, p16, BRAC1, CyclinD2, RASSF1). Study subjects included approximately 250 node-positive postmenopausal breast cancer cases, 75 node negative postmenopausal breast cancer cases and a comparison group of 250 postmenopausal women with benign breast disease types not strongly associated with breast cancer, all of whom donated blood at the time of diagnosis to the Mayo Serum Bank, a resource established in the 1970's to identify early markers of breast cancer. Results: As hypothesized, mean percent levels of serum DNA methylation were modestly but statistically higher in node-positive breast cancer cases than controls for TWIST (4.9% vs 3.9%; p-value =.002), CyclinD2 (3.2% vs 2.1%; p=.03), and HIN1 (3.9% vs 2.4%; p=.03). In the nine other genes, percent methylation levels were also moderately higher in node-positive cases than controls but did not reach statistical significance (e.g., SRFP1 [6.3% vs 4.3%; p=.06]). For TWIST, Cyclin D2, HIN1, mean percent levels were intermediate in node-negative patients compared to node-positive cases and controls. Additional analyses evaluating the predictive ability of multivariate sets of DNA methylation markers together with established breast cancer risk factors are underway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 85. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-85
Abstract 5679: Automatic synthesis of efficient transcription inhibitors as anti-cancer agents designing sequence-specific DNA-binding molecules.
Authors: Hiroki Nagase, Nobuko Koshikawa, Takayoshi Watanabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract PURPOSE: Regulation of endogenous gene expression using synthetic chemicals, so called “Transcription therapy” is a unique and promising approach. Although we have reported in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor, anti-metastatic and various anti-disease efficacies of hairpin Pyrrole-Imidazole polyamide (hPIP), PIP still needs to improve on selectivity of target DNA sequences and sensitivity to bind specific sequences. Hence, we synthesized PIPs targeting transcription-factor-binding-sites with several different structures and tested their efficacy, selectivity and sensitivity in vitro as well as in vivo model. METHODS: We have developed an automatic system for PIP synthesis by using peptide synthesizer of PSSM8 (Shimazu) and synthesized hPIPs or cyclic PIPs targeting either the MMP9 AP1 site or NFkB site to evaluate sensitivity and specificity. Each PIP, which has a different beta-alanine position, was tested for target DNA binding by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using BiaCore system. We also test cell invasion and migration in vitro and metastatic capability in an in vivo xenograft model. RESULTS: Each hPIPs targeting AP1 or NFkB site showed significant reduction of MMP9 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells and HeLa cells and metastatic capacity in vivo. hPIP with crossed beta-alanine position showed the almost same dissociation constant as those with parallel beta-alanine position. Cyclic PIPs also showed similar dissociation constant as hPIPs and showed better sequence specificity with reasonable efficacy at least in vitro analysis. CONCLUSION: The result suggested that various PIPs with different target sites or architectures give distinct efficacy, selectivity and sensitivity in at least in vitro cancer cell culture system. Depending on pharmacokinetic properties of PIP the most suitable PIP can be selected for the future trial as seen in combinatorial chemistry technique. Citation Format: Hiroki Nagase, Nobuko Koshikawa, Takayoshi Watanabe. Automatic synthesis of efficient transcription inhibitors as anti-cancer agents designing sequence-specific DNA-binding molecules. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5679. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5679
DL1-1: Adaptive Resistance to Targeted Therapies.
Authors: JS Brugge, T Muranen, J Zoeller, D Worster, M Iwanicki, L Selfors, G Mills
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract While therapies that target specific molecular alterations in human tumors are showing significant efficacy in the clinic, drug resistance remains a major obstacle. Studies from our laboratory and others have provided evidence that PI3K- and HER2− targeted therapies induce a program of molecular responses to drug treatment that significantly contributes to drug resistance. Interestingly, we have found that resistance in vitro and in mouse models is significantly enriched in cells attached to basement membrane. This resistance correlates with specific upregulation of the adaptive response in the matrix-attached cells. Importantly, inhibition of key components of the adaptive response, like BCL-2, abrogates the drug-induced adaptive resistance. We propose a model in which matrix-protection from targeted therapies allows survival of a subpopulation of tumor cells associated with matrix/basement membrane which expand and lead to more stable drug resistance. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr DL1-1.
899 INFLUENCE OF GENDER, AGE AND ITPA POLYMORPHISM (rs6051702, rs1127354, rs7270101) ON THROMBOCYTOPENIA IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 AND 4 PATIENTS ON ANTIVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: T.-M. Scherzer, H. Laferl, A. Maieron, R. Schwarzer, M. Strasser, R. Sauber, C. Datz, A.F. Staettermayer, S. Beinhardt, K. Rutter, H. Trattner, H. Hofer, P. Munda, P. Ferenci
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Patterns of Diffusion through Skin Capillaries in Patients with Long-Term Diabetes
Authors: Alfred Bollinger, Jakob Frey, Kurt Jäger, Jörg Furrer, Jakob Seglias, Walter Siegenthaler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We used intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy to study the pattern of transcapillary and interstitial diffusion in the nail folds of 13 patients with long-term diabetes and of 12 healthy controls. In both groups intravenously injected sodium fluorescein left the intravascular compartment. Its distribution in the pericapillary space and in the remote parts of the interstitial space was measured on single frames of the television tape by videodensitometers that are sensitive to intensities of fluorescent light. In the diabetics the dye passed both physiologic diffusion barriers — the capillary wall and the pericapillary space — in significantly increased amounts (P<0.01). The enhanced penetration of the tracer into the remote area caused an early homogeneous, milky blurring of the capillary image, whereas in the controls the pericapillary space remained clearly delineated for as long as 40 to 50 minutes after the appearance of the dye. The altered pattern of diffusion could be explained by increased permeability of the diffusion barriers, or, alternatively, by either changes of the mobility of the dye due to binding of the dye by intravascular or interstitial proteins or abnormal hemodynamics in the microvascular circulation. This technique provides a quantitative, noninvasive method of studying the natural history of diabetic microangiopathy. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:1305–10.)
Science Meets Indiana Jones: Priceless Palms Salvaged After Hurricane Andrew
Authors: C. K. Witternberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Science Meets Indiana Jones: Priceless Palms Salvaged After Hurricane Andrew Get access Clarissa K. Witternberg Clarissa K. Witternberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 19, 7 October 1992, Page 1465, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.19.1465 Published: 07 October 1992
MRI, Enhanced CT, and FDG PET/CT in Primary Retroperitoneal Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma
Authors: Aisheng Dong, Zhijun Zhai, Yang Wang, Changjing Zuo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC) is an extremely rare neoplasm. We present a case of PRMC with MRI, enhanced CT, and FDG PET/CT findings. Abdominal MRI showed a cystic lesion in the retroperitoneum with a mural nodule. The mural nodule showed progressive enhancement on enhanced CT and intense FDG uptake on early PET/CT with increased SUVmax on delayed PET/CT. Laparoscopy was performed. Retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma was confirmed histopathologically. Metastasis from gastrointestinal tract or ovary was excluded. This case indicates, although rare, PRMC should be considered when a hypermetabolic retroperitoneal cystic lesion with bilateral normal ovaries is found on FDG PET/CT.
Taking the rationality out of probabilistic models
Authors: Bob Rehder
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract Rational models vary in their goals and sources of justification. While the assumptions of some are grounded in the environment, those of others – which I label probabilistic models – are induced and so require more traditional sources of justification, such as generalizability to dissimilar tasks and making novel predictions. Their contribution to scientific understanding will remain uncertain until standards of evidence are clarified.
Food Intake of Smokers and Non-Smokers
Authors: A. F. Subar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Food Intake of Smokers and Non-Smokers Get access Amy F. Subar, Ph.D. Amy F. Subar, Ph.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 7, 3 April 1991, Page 465, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.7.465 Published: 03 April 1991
A Problem in Gestation
Authors: Bindu Chamarthi, Michael F. Greene, Robert G. Dluhy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A 39-year-old woman presented to her obstetrician at 32 weeks' gestation with a 2-day history of low back pain. The pain was abrupt in onset and constant. She reported no fever, chills, dysuria, urinary frequency, vaginal discharge or bleeding, or other associated symptoms.
Abstract 3626: Quantitative analysis of microRNAs by in situ hybridization reveals prognostic value of miRNAs in melanoma and breast cancer
Authors: Jason A. Hanna, Hallie Wimberly, Salil Kumar, Seema Agarwal, David L. Rimm
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Most miRNA measurement methods require total RNA extraction which destroys spatial information and makes standardization a challenge. In situ hybridization (ISH) however, allows the direct assessment of miRNA expression levels in tissue and importantly allows for the evaluation of expression in malignant cells as well as stromal cells. We have developed and validated a novel method for the quantitative analysis of miRNA expression by ISH on formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue microarrays (TMAs) using miR-21, miR-92a, miR-34a, miR-221, miR-205, and Let-7a. Methods: In order to quantitatively measure miRNA expression by ISH, DIG labeled LNA modified miRNA probes were employed and multiplexed with DAPI and cytokeratin or S100/GP100 immunofluorescence to apply the AQUA technology. This co-localization based, quantitative approach allows for the measurement of miRNA expression in subcellular compartments. The assay allows standardization of miRNA measurement and potential for rapid large cohort assessment. We also assessed protein targets of each miRNA by AQUA to investigate the hypothesized inverse relationship between miRNAs and target proteins. Results: In hundreds of tissue samples a broad dynamic range and a variable expression pattern specific to each miRNA was observed. Specificity of the assay was validated with anti-miR and miRNA mimic transfected cell lines, miR-21 knock out mouse tissue, and blocking oligo experiments. The assays were performed on near serial sections and were found to have high reproducibility with R*2&amp;gt;0.8. miR-221 and miR-205 were found to be prognostic in breast cancer and melanoma respectively (p&amp;lt;0.05). Finally, the inverse relationship between miRNAs and putative targets were not seen in the large population cohorts. Conclusions: This specific and reproducible method for the quantitative analysis of miRNA expression provides proof of concept for the use of miRNAs as tissue biomarkers using quantitative ISH. Future studies will further determine the prognostic value of miR-221 and miR-205, and the relationship between miRNAs and target protein expression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3626. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3626
Significance of Systolic Murmurs in the Aged
Authors: E. Terry Davison, Sandor A. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

A prospective study of the heart murmurs in 30 elderly patients, none of whom had a history of rheumatic heart disease, was undertaken by use of phonocardiography, carotid-pulse recording and amyl nitrite. Systolic ejection murmurs were recorded in 29 patients, 24 increasing in intensity with amyl nitrite inhalation. Twelve had abnormal carotid-pulse tracings typical of aortic stenosis. There were few of the usual associated clinical findings of aortic stenosis. Other findings such as atrial gallops and diastolic murmurs were not infrequent. It appears that the degenerative changes seen at the aortic valve in the aged not only cause enough turbulence for a murmur to occur but may frequently obstruct the aortic valve.