tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ectopic Laryngeal Parathyroid Adenoma Detected by SPECT Sestamibi Imaging
Authors: A J Moreno, C E Jimenez, R Maredia, C D Shriver, D L Ward, S P Hetz, K J Simcic
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A 68-year-old woman presented with elevated serum calcium and elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH). Planar Tc-99m sestamibi imaging revealed an ectopic localization of radiopharmaceutical uptake in the neck to the left of the midline. Two surgical attempts failed to identify the parathyroid adenoma. SPECT Tc-99m sestamibi imaging revealed the location of the parathyroid adenoma near the midline of the neck in an anterior location. Angiography of the neck demonstrated a possible vascular mass in the larynx. Laryngoscopy while the patient was under general endotracheal anesthesia revealed a pedicled mass in the hypopharynx under the left arytenoid in the region of the left piriform sinus. After excision of this mass, the patient became normocalcemic. Pathologic examination of the excised tissue confirmed it was a parathyroid adenoma.
Abstract 2248: The Y-box-binding protein 1 is associated with breast cancer progression and metastasis
Authors: Yingnan Yu, George Wai-Cheong Yip, Puay-Hoon Tan, Ken Matsumoto, Masafumi Tsujimoto, Boon-Huat Bay
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The Y-box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) which belongs to the RNA- and DNA-binding protein family with a conserved cold-shock domain, is known to regulate transcription and translation. Extensive studies carried out on the multi-functional YB-1 protein have implicated its role in tumor growth and drug resistance. However, the association between YB-1 and breast cancer metastasis has not been fully investigated. To determine if YB-1 expression is correlated with breast cancer progression, we evaluated protein expression analysis in breast cancer tissue microarrays from the Singapore General Hospital by immunohistochemistry using an N-terminal YB-1 antibody and gene expression analysis in a TissueScan breast cancer tissue qPCR array (a rapid-scan cDNA panel of 48 breast cancer tissues representing breast cancer in different tumor stages) by real time RT-PCR. Next, we down-regulated the expression of the YB-1 protein in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells by si-RNA mediated silencing of the YB-1 gene and performed migration assays (using polycarbonate membranes of transwells separating the upper and lower chambers in 24-well plates) and invasion assays (using Matrigel-coated transwell chambers). The results show that 88.7% of breast cancer tissues were positively immunostained for the YB-1 protein and a higher YB-1 expression level was associated with axillary lymph node spread. YB-1 gene expression level in the breast cancer tissues was also higher in the advance stages of breast cancer as compared to the early stage of the tumor. In the in vitro experiments, the silencing efficiency of the YB-1 siRNA was around 90% and significant down-regulation of the YB-1 protein was verified by Western blot analysis and immunostaining of the MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, siYB-1 mediated knockdown of YB-1 expression significantly reduced the migration ability and invasive potential of MDA-MB-231 cells as compared to the control group. Collectively, the data obtained from breast cancer tissues and in vitro experiments has provided evidence that YB-1 expression is associated with aggressive behavior in breast cancer. It would seem that YB-1 is a potential biomarker of metastasis in breast cancer and a promising molecular target in breast cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2248.
Making Health Work: Human Growth in Modern Japan, by Carl Mosk
Authors: J. Garrow
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Carl Mosk /

University of California Press, £35, pp 156 /

ISBN 0 520 08315 6

Specialists – particularly economists, psychologists, and statisticians – upbraid an outsider who abuses methods from their discipline and hence reaches unsound conclusions. Professor Mosk is an economist who (in my opinion) abuses the techniques of nutritional epidemiology. His central thesis is that growth in children is a measure of population quality (all right so far), and that the increased potential work capacity of the population of Japan “over the last several centuries is a result of improvements in net nutritional intake, that is, improvements in gross nutritional …
Pulmonary Hypoplasia in Down's Syndrome
Authors: Thomas P. Cooney, William M. Thurlbeck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We studied the lungs of seven patients of various ages who had Down's syndrome, to determine whether they had abnormalities in pulmonary development. Six of the seven had hypoplastic lungs. Five had congenital heart disease, but pulmonary hypoplasia was of equal severity, irrespective of the presence or absence or the type of congenital heart disease. Three other patients with congenital heart disease but without Down's syndrome had lungs that were equally diminished in volume. However, these lungs lacked the structural abnormalities seen in Down's syndrome, which consisted of a diminished number of alveoli in relation to acini and enlarged alveoli and alveolar ducts. The patients with Down's syndrome also had a smaller total number of alveoli and a smaller alveolar surface area. We speculate that the smaller alveolar surface area is accompanied by loss of capillary surface area, which is responsible for the aggravation of pulmonary hypertension in Down's syndrome. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:1170–3.)
Trusts are told to prioritise high risk general surgical patients
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The role of the accessory molecule ICAM-1 in activation of subpopulations of human T cells was examined using the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) as a MHC class II and TCR-dependent polyclonal T cell activator. Human T cells responded with different sensitivity to SEA when presented on mouse accessory cells expressing a human transfected MHC class II gene product. Mouse L cells cotransfected with both MHC class II (DR2A or DR7) and ICAM-1-stimulated T cells at 100-fold lower concentrations of SEA as compared to the single transfected cells. mAb reacting with the CD11a, CD18, or ICAM-1 molecules efficiently inhibited T cell activation with the cotransfected HLA-DR2A/ICAM-1 cell but did not influence T cell activation with the HLA-DR2A single transfected cell. Analysis of the ICAM-1 requirement on CD4+ memory (CD4+45RO+) and naive (CD4+45RA+) T cells revealed that CD4+45RA+ naive Th cells were hyporesponsive to SEA-induced activation with the HLA-DR2A single transfectant. However, cotransfection of ICAM-1 enabled these cells to respond to low doses of SEA implicating that they are more dependent on accessory molecules than the CD4+45RO+ cells. rICAM-1 immobilized on a plastic surface, was able to strongly costimulate SEA-induced T cell activation with the HLA-DR2A single transfectant, suggesting that costimulatory signals mediated to the T cells through LFA-1 can be delivered physically separated from the TCR signal. CD4+45RO+ memory and CD4+45RA+ naive Th cells apparently differ in their capacities to be activated by SEA bound to HLA-DR. Although the TCR molecule densities are similar in these two subsets, costimulation with ICAM-1 is required for activation of the CD4+45RA+, but not the CD4+45RO+ T cell subset at 1 to 10,000 ng/ml concentrations of SEA. This observation indicates different activation thresholds of naive and memory Th cells when triggering the TCR over a wide dose interval of superantigen.
TRATAMIENTO CON LIGADURA SIN RESECCIÓN DEL ESÓFAGO DE BARRETT CORTO SIN DISPLASIA DE ALTO GRADO: RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES
Authors: A Rodriguez-D'jesus, J Gordillo, H Uchima, H Córdova, I Araujo, A Ginés, B González, M Lóez-Ceron, E Saperas, J Llach, G Fernández-Esparrach
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: El esófago de Barrett (EB) es controlado periódicamente con endoscopia con toma de biopsias para detectar displasia. Sin embargo, las muestras son poco representativas y con gran variabilidad en su interpretacion. Para evitar el riesgo de degeneración, se han desarrollado técnicas ablativas con eficacia variable y no exentas de complicaciones. Una alternativa segura podría ser la ligadura sin resección (LSR). Objetivo: Evaluar de forma prospectiva la eficacia y seguridad de la LSR para la erradicación completa del EB corto sin displasia de alto grado (DAG). Material y Método: Pacientes con EB corto sin DAG y no circunferencial explorados en las Unidades de Endoscopia del Hospital Clinic y General de Catalunya. La erradicación se realizó utilizando un dispositivo de ligadura de varices, colocando entre 1 – 4 bandas/sesión. La mucosa ligada se dejó in situ. Las endoscopia +/-ligadura se repitieron cada 2 meses hasta que en 2 endoscopias consecutivas y confirmándolo con estudio histológico, no se demostró la presencia de EB. Posteriormente, se realizó un control con biopsias a los 6 y 12 meses. Resultados: Desde mayo de 2012, se han incluido 9 pacientes con edad media de 49 ± 9 años. 5 pacientes (55,5%) han presentado respuesta completa inicial al tratamiento con una mediana de 1,8 sesiones por paciente. 1 paciente rechazó continuar en el estudio tras 2 sesiones sin respuesta y los 3 restantes están pendientes de seguimiento. Ningún paciente ha presentado complicaciones mayores (hemorragia o perforación). Como incidencias menores, 1 paciente (11,9%) presentó disfagia transitoria autolimitada y otros 3 pacientes (33%) presentaron dolor torácico transitorio con buena respuesta al tratamiento analgésico convencional. Conclusiones: la LSR en el EB corto sin DAG es un método seguro. Aunque estos resultados iniciales son alentadores, es necesario completar el seguimiento a largo plazo para corroborar su eficacia en un mayor número de pacientes.
Abstract 4110: NanoString multiple target profiling identifies AEG-1 as an essential predictor of erlotinib outcome in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Miquel Taron, Susana Benlloch, Rafael Rosell, Jose Javier Sanchez, Carlota Costa, Mariacarmela Santarpia, Santiago Viteri, Amaya Gasco, Bartomeu Massuti, Ana Gimenez-Capitan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Low BRCA1 mRNA expression significantly prolongs progression-free survival (PFS) to erlotinib in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients (p). In order to explore other genes potentially involved in erlotinib resistance, we used NanoString, an integrated digital technology, to examine expression levels of 48 genes in a single reaction. Several genes involved in homologous recombination repair were included in the 48-gene assessment, including the E3 ubiquitin ligases RNF8, RNF168 and RAP80. Methods: CodeSets (Reporter and Capture probe sets) for 48 genes were custom-designed by NanoString Technologies. 100ng of total RNA for each sample was mixed with the reagents and hybridized at 65° overnight. Samples were processed and analyzed with the nCounter Prep Station (NanoString Technologies). Data analysis was performed adjusting the expression values according to positive control values and normalizing the data according to housekeeping genes. Results: In 43 EGFR-mutant NSCLC p treated with erlotinib, response rate was 67.6%, PFS was 16 months (m), median survival (MS) was 29 m. Three genes were significantly associated with PFS: PIAS1, DBC1 and AEG-1. Median PFS was not reached in p with low levels of AEG-1, while it was 18 m for p with intermediate levels and 5 m for p with high levels (P=0.002). In the multivariate analysis, the hazard ratio for high levels of AEG-1 was 14 (P&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusions: AEG-1 activates the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt pathways, induces the transcription factor LSF, which upregulates TS, ALDH3A1 and Met, conferring resistance to several cytotoxic drugs. AEG-1 mRNA expression predicts outcome to erlotinib-treated EGFR-mutant NSCLC p and could have important implications for the optimal management of NSCLC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4110
Lymphoscintigraphy Using Larger Colloid Particles May Enhance Visualization of the Sentinel Node in Breast Cancer
Authors: TSE-JIA LIU, SHYH-JEN WANG, SHIN-CHUAN TSAI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Lymphoscintigraphy along with a gamma-detecting probe has been applied successfully to breast cancer patients to localize the sentinel node during surgery, with a 5% false-negative rate. The authors report a case of stage II breast cancer. The sentinel node was not visualized on the initial lymphoscintigraphy with peritumoral injection of 37 MBq (1 mCi) 10 ml Tc-99m colloidal rhenium sulfide (Tc-99m ReS colloid; average particle size, 100 nm). However, the sentinel node was visualized in the left lateral view of the second lymphoscintigraphy with peritumoral injection of 37 MBq (1 mCi) 10 ml Tc-99m ReS colloid (average particle size, 500 nm). Lymphoscintigraphy using the larger colloid particles may enhance visualization of a sentinel node in breast cancer.
Abstract 4140: MicroRNA expression in Osteosarcoma: potential role of miR-1 and miR-133b
Authors: Laura Pazzaglia, Chiara Novello, Chiara Cingolani, Amalia Conti, Irene Quattrini, Giovanna Magagnoli, Maria Cristina Manara, Maria Serena Benassi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children and young adults. Conventional therapy for OS has reached a plateau of 60-70%, a 5-year survival rate that has remained almost unchanged in two decades, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches by finding new targets. This study presents a comparative analysis of miRNA expression profile in clinical OS samples and paired normal tissues with microarray approach. The Unsupervised Hierarchical Clustering, performed on log2(Hy3/Hy5) ratios, revealed 100 miRNAs with the highest standard deviation across all samples. The Supervised Hierarchical Clustering showed that 40 miRNAs were differentially expressed with a p-value &amp;lt;3,95E-5, and 80% of these were underexpressed in OS samples when compared with normal tissues. In particular, the 5-fold underexpression of miR-1 and miR-133b (p&amp;lt;3.95E-5) was confirmed by Real Time PCR. When U2OS OS cells were transfected with miRNA precursor molecules, we demonstrated that the ectopic expression of miR-1 and miR-133b respectively decreased to 75% and 68% the cell proliferation as compared with negative control, concomitantly with strong slowing down of cell migration and invasion and reduced expression of Met protein that it is considered a potential target of both miRNAs. It is well known that miR-1 and miR-133b are expressed in skeletal muscle and are transcriptionally regulated by myogenic differentiation factors. Our data demonstrate a deregulation of miRNA profiling in OS clinical specimens and highlight the function of miR-1 and miR-133 in the control of OS cell growth and invasiveness. Further studies should be addressed to investigate the role of these miRNAs and their targets as potential prognostic and therapeutic markers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4140. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4140
EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE LA RESECCIÓN ENDOSCÓPICA MUCOSA EN LA NEOPLASIA ESOFÁGICA SUPERFICIAL
Authors: JM Esteban López-Jamar, F Sánchez Ceballos, L Ortega Medina, A Romero Reina, B Salcedo, J Pérez de la Serna Bueno, A Ruiz de León San Juan, A Sánchez Pernaute, E Rey Díaz-Rubio
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: En los últimos años se ha establecido la Resección Endoscópica Mucosa (REM) para establecer el diagnóstico de certeza y para el tratamiento de la neoplasia superficial del esófago. Objetivo: Establecer la eficacia y seguridad de la REM para las lesiones nodulares y para las neoplasias superficiales del Esófago. Pacientes y métodos: Se incluyen 29 procedimientos de REM realizados entre el 1/8/8 y el 31/7/12. Se realizaron 70 resecciones endoscópicas en 23 pacientes (20 hombres) con una edad media de 65,7 (32–89). Todos los procedimientos se realizaron con endoscopia de alta definición, se marcaron los límites de las lesiones con APC con el objetivo de resecar toda la zona marcada. Resultados: Se realizó la REM dentro del protocolo de tratamiento del Barrett para la resección de lesiones focales en 23 ocasiones, en 4 pacientes la REM se realizó tras realización previa de radiofrecuencia por aparición de lesiones nodulares de novo y en 2 ocasiones para la resección de carcinoma epidermoide superficial. El estudio histológico mostró carcinoma sobre Barrett T1a en 13 casos, T1b en 5, T2 en 1, Displasia de alto grado (DAG) en 7, de bajo grado en 1, carcinoma epidermoide T1a en 1 y carcinoma epidermoide T1a junto con zona de DAG sobre Barrett en 1. Se produjeron 3 episodios de rezumado hemorrágico que se detuvieron endoscópicamente. Un sangrado arterial con control endoscópico y un caso de estenosis que requirió dilataciones. No hubo ninguna perforación. En 3 casos se desestimó posteriormente la cirugía por morbilidad asociada. En 2 casos que se operaron la pieza quirúrgica no evidenció malignidad y en 1 caso se evidenció en la pieza un pT1N1. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados avalan la eficacia, seguridad y validez de la REM para el manejo de la neoplasia superficial esofágica si bien se requiere formación y poder manejar las complicaciones que puedan ocurrir.
Strangulated umbilical hernia after esophagogastroduodenoscopy in a patient with liver cirrhosis and ascites
Authors: Hazem Hammad, Venu Chennamaneni, Dina Ahmad, Mohammad Esmadi
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Umbilical hernias are present in up to 20 % of patients with long-standing cirrhosis and 40 % of those with ascites. There are some case reports of incarcerated umbilical and diaphragmatic hernias following colonoscopy. To our knowledge, this is only the second case of umbilical hernia strangulation following esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in the literature [1].
Adenocarcinoma Mimicking Primary Gastric Lymphoma Demonstrated by I-123 IMP Scintigraphy
Authors: T Hirano, T Fukuda, Y Mogi, M Kawashima, T Tatezawa, I Kobayashi, T Ogawa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the stomach showed an unusual type of diffuse wall thickening of the entire stomach, similar to that seen in malignant lymphoma. The pathologic specimen revealed a "lymphoepithelioma"-like pattern of undifferentiated carcinoma with intense lymphocyte and plasma cell infiltration. I-123 IMP scintigraphy incidentally demonstrated increased uptake in the entire stomach on early imaging and moderate washout on delayed studies. SPECT images demonstrated diffusely increased accumulation in the entire gastric wall.
FRI0291 Effects of Tnf-Inhibitors (INFLIXIMAB) on CD147 Expression and MMP-3 Level in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: Z. Wu, J. Jia
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists are highly effective for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but their mechanisms of action are not completely clear. Increased expression of CD147 on monocytes/macrophages in RA may be responsible for elevated MMP secretion and cell invasion, which may contribute to the cartilage and bone destruction of RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the effects of TNF-inhibitor (infliximab) on CD147 expression and MMP-3 level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> 15 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis received intravenous infliximab at a dose of 3mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, 6, 14, and 22, in combination with methotrexate. Patient9s disease activity was assessed by the Disease Activity Score (DAS28). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and serum samples were collected at weeks 0, 14, and 26.Concentrations of MMP-3 was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; CD147 expression on CD14+ monocytes was detected by flow cymetory. <h3>Results</h3> DAS28 score showed improvement at weeks 14 and 26 than the baseline (0 week) after inliximab treatment. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of CD147 expression on CD14+ monocytes of peripheral blood from RA patients decreased at 14 week and 26 week. Serum MMP-3 level also decreased significantly after the treatment. The correlation analysis showed that the DAS28 was correlated with CD147 expression on CD14+ cells in PB of RA and the serum level of MMP-3. When the patients were grouped on the basis of their clinical response to infliximab, a significant decrease in CD147 and MMP-3 was observed in patients who had clinical improvement. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-TNF treatment in rheumatoid arthritis results in a decrease in CD147 expression and the serum level of MMP-3 in patients showing clinical improvement, indicating the efficacy of TNF inhibitory treatment of RA is associated with CD147 and MMP-3 and that these measurements may be a useful adjunct in assessing treatment efficacy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3057
Methylphenylsuccinimide (Milontin) in Epilepsy
Authors: Douglas T. Davidson, Cesare Lombroso, Charles H. Markham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

FAVORABLE results with methylphenylsuccinimide in the treatment of epilepsy were reported first by Zimmerman1 and later by Zimmerman and Burgemeister,2 Millichap,3 Smith and Forster,4 Carter,5 Lemere,6 Lereboullet7 and Chao and Fields,8 although the last named combined the drug with Tridione. The treated cases numbered 15 to 200. In contrast, Doyle, Livingston and Pearson9 encountered flat failure in 21 cases. Our observation of 296 persons treated with methylphenylsuccinimide during a period of three years suggests that the drug is of value.Material and MethodPatients were seen by one of us, either as clinic or as office patients in the Seizure . . .