tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired in Vitro Lymphocyte Transformation in Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Evan M. Hersh, Joost J. Oppenheim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

HODGKIN'S disease is characterized by certain abnormalities of immunologic function. These include impaired ability to respond to delayed hypersensitivity antigens,1 impaired ability to reject homografts2 and an increased susceptibility to certain infections, including herpes zoster, tuberculosis and disseminated fungous infection.3 During the last decade the central role of the small lymphocyte in some immunologic responses has been recognized,4 and a number of nonmalignant immunologic disorders in which the structure or function of the lymphoid system is abnormal have been described.5 In this study the in vitro responses of lymphocytes from patients with Hodgkin's disease to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and . . .
Pheochromocytoma, Hyperparathyroidism and Thyroid Carcinoma Occurring Coincidentally
Authors: Preston C. Manning, George D. Molnar, B. Marden Black, James T. Priestley, Lewis B. Woolner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

RECENT reports1 2 3 4 have described patients with coexisting tumors of the parathyroid gland, pituitary gland, pancreatic islets and (in some cases) adrenal cortex. The occurrence of these multiple endocrine tumors poses fascinating questions of etiology and raises formidable problems of diagnosis and treatment. Recently, we observed a patient with recurrent bilateral familial pheochromocytomas, hyperparathyroidism with multiple parathyroid adenomas and thyroid carcinoma — a combination of findings not previously reported.Case ReportAn 18-year-old girl was admitted to the Mayo Clinic for the 1st time in August, 1951. Five months earlier bouts of palpitation had begun. One month later persistent tachycardia had . . .
Apport de la coloscopie dans les mélénas à propos de 84 cas
Authors: A El Mekkaoui, I Charif, M El Yousfi, I Mellouki, N Aqodad, DA Benajah, M El Abkari, A Ibrahimi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Les mélénas sont l'expression d'une hémorragie digestive oesogastrique, mais aussi grêlocolique. Comme tout saignement digestif, c'est une urgence diagnostique et thérapeutique mettant en jeu le pronostic vital du patient. Le but de notre travail est de rapporter le rôle de la coloscopie dans le diagnostic étiologique des mélénas en précisant les différents aspects endoscopiques retrouvés.
Tc-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Accumulation by a Pulmonary Hamartoma
Authors: LAWRENCE S. SCHECHTER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Bone scanning agents have been reported to accumulate in many different benign and malignant neoplasms. The degree of uptake has been shown to relate to calcium content. Pulmonary hamartoma is the most common benign lung tumor. Calcifications are present in 25-30% of cases and are best demonstrated by CT. A 73-year-old man underwent bone scintigraphy to exclude skeletal metastases from a prostatic primary tumor. There were no metastases, but abnormal uptake was noted in the left lower lobe. A CT scan showed a 4-cm lung mass containing multiple calcifications typical for pulmonary hamartoma.
Abstract 130: Regulatory role of miR-29b in prostate cancer metastasis
Authors: Ratna B. Ray, Peng Ru, Robert Steele, Philip Newhall, Karoly Toth
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths among American men. Earlier diagnosis increases survival rate in patients. However, treatments for advanced disease are limited to hormone ablation techniques and palliative care. Thus, new methods of treatment are necessary for inhibiting progression of the disease. We have shown previously that microRNA-29b (miR-29b) expression was lower in prostate cancer cells as compared to prostate epithelial cells. Among the prostate cancer cell lines, metastatic prostate cancer cells displayed lowest expression of miR-29b. In this study, we have observed that PC-3M cells that constitutively overexpressed miR-29b failed to colonize the lungs and other organs of SCID mice after intravenous injection, while PC-3M cells expressing a control miRNA formed multiple nodules in the lung. PC-3M cells expressing miR-29b inhibited wound healing and invasiveness of cancer cells. Epithelial cell marker E-cadherin expression was enhanced in prostate cancer cells expressing miR-29b as compared to control cells. On the other hand, N-Cadherin and Snail1 expression were downregulated in PC-3M cells expressing miR-29b. Together these results suggested that miR-29b is an anti-metastatic miRNA in prostate cancer that acts at multiple steps of the metastatic cascade. Therefore, miR-29b could be a potentially new attractive target for therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 130. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-130
PTH-003 Fully Covered Self Expanding Metals Stents Are Effective In Remodelling Benign Biliary Strictures In Patients With Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: B Paranandi, D Joshi, GH El-Sayed, P Patel, MH Chapman, SP Pereira, GJ Webster, GJ Johnson
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Symptomatic benign biliary strictures (BBS) in chronic pancreatitis (CP) have historically been treated with surgical biliary bypass or multiple plastic stents. We report our experience of fully covered self-expanding metal stents (fcSEMS) for this indication in a cohort of patients with CP. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospectively recorded ERCP database including all CP patients undergoing fcSEMS for BBS, between Oct 2008 and Aug 2013, was analysed. Demographics, pathology results, stent data and patient outcomes were collated. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 256 ERCPs involving biliary SEMS insertion were performed of which 115 (45%) were fcSEMS. 48/115 (42%) fcSEMS were performed in 24 patients (75% Male, median age 55 years) with BBS related to CP. Aetiological factors included alcohol (63%), autoimmune (13%) and idiopathic (8%). Surgical bypass was precluded in 23/24 (96%) patients due to extensive choledochal varices (58%), advanced cirrhosis (13%), medical comorbidities (13%), hostile surgical abdomen (13%) and autoimmune CP (13%). 17/24 (71%) patients had previous plastic biliary stent (s). 10mm diameter fcSEMS (Boston Wallflex or Cook Evolution) of 6 or 8 cm in length were used. They remained <i>in situ</i> for median 9.5 months (range 1–32). 13/24 (54%) patients achieved stricture remodelling, allowing trial of fcSEMS removal and follow up without stenting for median 7 months (range 0–22). These patients required median 3 fcSEMS (range 1–6) over median 24 months (range 2–51) to achieve stricture resolution. 42% (10/24) patients who had not yet achieved stricture resolution had fewer fcSEMS to date (median 1) and a shorter duration of stenting. Complications included proximal (4%) and distal stent migration (16.5%), cholecystitis (6%) and acute pancreatitis (2%). Biliary obstruction +/- cholangitis occurred in 23% at some point. 96% (46/48) fcSEMS were easily removed without needing additional procedures. One fcSEMS was <i>in situ</i> for 18 months (patient lost to follow up) and it was not possible to then remove it (due to tissue in-growth). Another fcSEMS <i>in situ</i> for 32 months (due to tissue in-growth) was removed following a “stent-in-stent” fcSEMS procedure. 2 patients died before planned removal of their first metal stent due to pre-existing comorbidity. <h3>Conclusion</h3> As suggested by smaller published series (Kaffes, GI Endoscopy 2013), FcSEMS are a safe and effective approach to managing BBS due to CP and may promote stricture remodelling. Endoscopic removal is straightforward if the fcSEMS is <i>in situ</i> for &lt;12 months. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
1419 IL28B RNA EXPRESSION DEPENDS ON A NOVEL TT/-G POLYMORPHISM ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED HCV CLEARANCE PREDICTION
Authors: S. Bibert, T. Roger, T. Calandra, M. Bochud, A. Cerny, N. Semmo, F.H.T. Duong, T. Gerlach, R. Malinverni, D. Moradpour, F. Negro, B. Müllhaupt, P.-Y. Bochud
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The effects of peripheral impedance and inotropic state on the power output of the left ventricle in dogs.
Authors: H P Sdougos, D L Schultz, L B Tan, D H Bergel, B Rajagopalan, G de J Lee
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

The power output of the left ventricle as measured by the product of the Fourier components of aortic pressure and aortic flow is linked by definition to the arterial impedance facing the heart as measured by the quotient of these components. Consequently, the use of power measurements to assess ventricular performance can be ambiguous when accompanied by afterload changes. The heart is considered to function normally between two extremes, a constant flow pump, and a constant constant pressure pump, and two power limits are defined from these. The power limits describe the extent to which impedance changes can affect the power delivered by the left ventricle. Measured power changes that are found to lie outside the two limits can be unambiguously ascribed to changes in inotropic state. The results from preliminary dog experiments designed to test this method are reported. Cardiac sympathetic stimulation and isoprenaline infusion were used to provide a pure inotropic stimulus and a mixture of inotropic and afterload changes, respectively. The technique was able to detect inotropic changes in the heart even in the presence of simultaneous changes in afterload. Eight conventional indices of cardiac performance were monitored for comparison. The extent of their afterload dependence may not be as easily quantified.
Abstract 4435: Anti-multiple myeloma activity of NK012, a micelle-forming macromolecular prodrug of SN-38, in an orthotopic model
Authors: Osamu Miyazaki, Keiko Sekine, Naoko Nakajima, Eiji Ichimura, Keiko Ebara, Daichi Nagai, Shinichi Matsumoto, Takeshi Onda, Yoshitaka Miyakawa, Kazuya Okamoto, Tomio Morino
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract NK012 is a micelle-forming macromolecular prodrug of SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan (CPT-11). It accumulates in tumor tissue and gradually releases SN-38 in an enzyme-independent manner. We previously reported that NK012 showed stronger antitumor activity in a broad range of human solid tumor xenograft models than CPT-11 (2006 AACR Annual Meeting, #3062). Currently, phase II clinical trials of NK012 in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer are ongoing in the United States and Japan. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor activity of NK012 in an orthotopic multiple myeloma model that shows typical infiltration of human myeloma cells into murine bone marrow tissue. A suspension of 2 × 106 cells of CD138 positive U266 human myeloma cells was injected into immunodeficient NOG (NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2Rγnull) mice via tail vein. The transplanted mice produced plasma M protein (human IgE) and developed lytic bone lesions. In addition, hind-leg paralysis caused by myeloma progression in spinal cord was observed. These symptoms were similar to complications observed in the patients with multiple myeloma. The intravenous administration of NK012 at 3.75, 7.5, and 15 mg/kg/day by q4d × 3 suppressed M protein concentration in plasma and proliferation of myeloma cells in bone marrow in a dose-dependent manner. Also observed were decrease in the area of osteolytic lesions and recovery of decreased total bone mineral density in the tibias. To examine the efficacy of NK012 in survival time, the myeloma-transplanted mice were treated with 9.4 mg/kg/day (28.2 mg/m2/day), q7d × 6, equivalent to the clinical recommended dose of 28 mg/m2/day as a single dose. NK012 significantly prolonged survival time of the mice compared with control group (78.5 days vs. 40 days, P&amp;lt;0.001). We next examined the combination effect of NK012 with bortezomib, which is commonly used for multiple myeloma treatment. The combined treatment of NK012 (9.4 mg/kg/day, q7d × 3) with bortezomib (0.5 mg/kg/day, 2 times/week × 2, i.v.) exhibited increase in median survival time over bortezomib alone (83.5 days vs. 68 days). In conclusion, these results suggested NK012 is a promising candidate for human multiple myeloma treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4435. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4435
Complementary Scintigraphy in Tuberculous Osteomyelitis
Authors: VICTOR J. MANSBERG, I. PROVAN C. MURRAY, MONICA A. ROSSLEIGH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 26-year-old man had persistent pain and increased swelling in the anterior aspect of the upper left leg, 2 months after an episode of trauma to his left leg. He was afebrile and had no systemic symptoms. Plain radiographs revealed an ill-defined irregular lytic lesion in the anterior aspect of the proximal tibia. Scintigraphy with Tc-99m MDP showed marked localized hyperemia and intense focal osteoblastic activity in the left proximal tibia, anteriorly. Marked preferential accumulation of Tl-201 was apparent in the same site. However, only a moderate degree of Ga-67 uptake was present in this lesion in 24-hour imaging. No abnormal sites of accumulation of any of the three agents were demonstrated elsewhere. The combined scan appearances favored a primary bone neoplasm, chronic osteomyelitis being less likely in view of the observation that the Tl-201 avidity in the lesion was so much greater than that of Ga-67. A CT scan revealed a lytic area, 15 mm in diameter with a slightly sclerotic rim, that contained a sequestrum of bone. A thin track through the anteromedial cortex to the overlying soft tissues with subcutaneous soft tissue swelling was also demonstrated, consistent with a cloaca. A biopsy specimen revealed pus and microscopy confirmed tuberculous osteomyelitis, with no evidence of malignancy. Chest radiography prior to commencing antituberculous chemotherapy yielded normal findings.
Abstract 4050: Quantitation of sirtuin activity with a one-step luminescent assay
Authors: Thomas A. Kirkland, Nathan Evans, Andrew L. Niles
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Sirtuin family of histone/protein deacetylating enzymes has gained considerable interest both for their recognized importance in processes such as gene silencing and expression and in cellular metabolism. This has led to identification of these enzymes as important actors in diverse pathologies including diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and oncology. We have developed a convenient and sensitive screening methodology to detect and measure both inhibitors and activators of sirtuin activity. Here we describe a one-step, homogeneous luminescent assay for the detection of activity for multiple sirtuin isotypes. The reagent formulation contains a pro-luminescent sirtuin peptide substrate, NAD+, ATP, thermostable luciferase, and a developer enzyme that cleaves deacetylated lysine residues. The addition of an active sirtuin enzyme source leads to a robust luminescent signal within minutes with “glow-type” characteristics lasting for several hours. Data will be presented showing characterization of the assay using a diverse assortment of established sirtuin inhibitors, followed by suitability for screening in 384-well formats and the incorporation of a control substrate to identify false positives. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4050. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4050
The common inverse-dynamics motor-command coordinates for complex and simple spikes
Authors: M. Kawato
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Recent advanced statistical analysis of complex spikes has revealed that their instantaneous firing rate within a time bin of a few milliseconds carries information if many trials are averaged, as happens in motor learning. The firing rate encodes sensory error signals in the inverse-dynamics motor-command coordinates, and these are exactly the same coordinates as for simple spikes. This strongly supports the most critical assumption of the feedback-error-learning model and argues against several hypotheses about the functions of the complex spikes. [HOUK et al.; SIMPSON et al.; SMITH; THACH]
Diphenylhydantoin Metabolism in Uremia
Authors: Joseph M. Letteri, Harlan Mellk, Sydney Louis, Henn Kutt, Peter Durante, Anthony Glazko
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Diphenylhydantoin was administered orally or intravenously to 20 uremic and 20 nonuremic patients. In the former this drug and 5-phenyl-5-parahydroxyl-phenylhydantoin, its major metabolite, were measured in blood and urine. In the nonuremic patients, only diphenylhydantoin levels in plasma were measured. Regardless of the route of administration, diphenylhydantoin concentrations were uniformly lower in uremic than in nonuremic patients. In uremic patients, plasma concentrations of 5-phenyl-5-parahydroxyl-phenylhydantoin were higher than reported values in nonuremic subjects. After a single intravenous injection of 250 mg of diphenylhydantoin, its rate of elimination from plasma (half-life) was 8.1 hours in five uremic patients and 13.0 hours in three nonuremic subjects. These observations suggest an altered metabolic disposition of the drug in uremia.
631 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) AND METABOLIC SYNDROME: CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL, PATHOLOGICAL FEATURES AND PROGNOSIS. ANALYSIS OF A PROSPECTIVE COHORT OF 925 HCC
Authors: A. Le Cleac'h, L. Possenti, C. Blanc-Bisson, C. Laurent, H. Trillaud, B. Le-Bail, P. Bioulac-Sage, C. Balabaud, J.-F. Blanc
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Serum 25-Hydroxycalciferol Levels and Bone Mass in Children on Chronic Anticonvulsant Therapy
Authors: Theodore J. Hahn, Barry A. Hendin, Cheryl R. Scharp, Vincenza C. Boisseau, John G. Haddad
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Fifty-six children with epilepsy receiving chronic therapy with phenobarbital or diphenylhydantoin or both and 51 controls were studied to determine the effects of anticonvulsant therapy on mineral, vitamin D and bone metabolism. Combination therapy was associated with the greatest decreases in serum calcium (9.72 ± 0.06 vs. 10.40 ± 0.05 mg per 100 ml in controls; p < 0.001), serum 25-hydroxycalciferol (13.1 ± 1.0 vs. 23.6 ± 0.9 ng per milliliter in controls; p < 0.001), and bone mass by photon absorptiometry (90.5 ± 1.6 vs. 100.7 ± 1.0 per cent in controls; p < 0.001). Serum bone and liver alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme activity was increased in both treatment groups. Serum calcium concentration correlated with serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels in both the single and combined drug groups. Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol correlated with vitamin D intake in all groups, but mean levels of the metabolite were lower for any given level of vitamin D intake in treated patients. Thus, vitamin D supplementation appears indicated in children on chronic anticonvulsant therapy. (N Engl J Med 292:550–554, 1975)
Researchers Gain Footholds in the Cell Cycle
Authors: E. Blume
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Researchers Gain Footholds in the Cell Cycle Get access Elaine Blume Elaine Blume Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 20, 18 October 1995, Pages 1504–1505, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.20.1504 Published: 18 October 1995
Abstract 2812: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) regulates monocytic MDSC abundance to contribute to tumor growth and metastasis.
Authors: Kendra D. Simpson, Dennis J. Templeton, Janet V. Cross
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The inflammatory cytokine, Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) is a critical mediator of numerous inflammatory disease processes. In addition, MIF is overexpressed in many cancers and the degree of expression correlates with tumor aggressiveness. We identified MIF as a target for inhibition by sulforaphane (SFN), a cancer chemopreventive agent prevalent in broccoli. Based on this observation and the correlation between MIF expression and poor prognosis in human patients, we set out to determine how MIF might contribute to tumor growth and progression. We hypothesized that, as an inflammatory cytokine, MIF may regulate the interaction between the tumor and the host immune response, rather than impacting an intrinsic property of the tumor cells. We are exploring these questions using the syngeneic 4T1 model of breast carcinoma. This model recapitulates many aspects of human breast tumor progression, including spontaneous metastasis from the mammary fat pad to similar target organs. We found that MIF expression in the tumor cells increases tumor growth and metastasis in an orthotopic tumor model. Importantly, the MIF dependent growth differences are only manifested in vivo, as the MIF depleted cell line is not compromised in growth or colony formation in vitro, suggesting that MIF may be contributing to the interaction between the tumor and the host immune response. This was confirmed by demonstrating that MIF depleted and MIF containing tumors exhibit similar growth and metastasis properties in immunodeficient animals. Evaluation of the immune cell infiltrates in the MIF containing and MIF deficient tumors reveal that the abundance of monocytic MDSC within the tumor is dependent on MIF expression. Finally, we demonstrate that depletion of MDSCs abolishes the impact of MIF on tumor growth, suggesting that these cells are critical for MIF to mediate its effects. We are currently exploring the mechanisms by which MIF controls the abundance of monocytic MDSCs in the tumor microenvironment and how this relates to promotion of tumor metastasis. Our work establishes MIF as a potentially valuable therapeutic target in tumor metastasis and supports a potential alternative mechanism for chemoprevention in which SFN may target the inflammatory tumor microenvironment through inhibition of this cytokine. Citation Format: Kendra D. Simpson, Dennis J. Templeton, Janet V. Cross. Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) regulates monocytic MDSC abundance to contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2812. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2812
Surgical management and reconstruction training (SMART) course for orthopaedic surgeons: a 1-year prospective analysis
Authors: Hao-Hua Wu, Kushal R Patel, Amber M Caldwell, R Richard Coughlin, Scott Hansen, Joseph N Carey
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background The burden of complex orthopaedic trauma in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is exacerbated by soft tissue injuries, which can often lead to amputation. The purpose of this study was to create and evaluate the Surgical Management and Reconstruction Training (SMART) course to help orthopaedic surgeons from LMICs manage soft tissue defects and reduce the rate of amputation.