tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Comparison of Current Diagnostic Tests for Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Eugene P. DiMagno, Juan-R. Malagelada, William F. Taylor, Vay Liang W. Go
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

In 70 patients suspected of having pancreatic cancer, we prospectively compared results of seven diagnostic tests. Subsequent exploration (of 68) and liver biopsy (of two) demonstrated pancreatic cancer in 30, pancreatitis in seven, nonpancreatic neoplasms in nine and nonpancreatic non-neoplastic disease (or no disease) in 24. For detection of pancreatic disease, the best tests were the pancreatic-function test (cholecystokinin-stimulated enzyme outputs) and ultrasonography. The pancreatic scan was nonspecific (P<0.001), and thermography was insensitive (P<0.001). Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography and arteriography were significantly more sensitive than cytologic study in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer (P<0.001). Therefore, when pancreatic cancer is suspected, abdominal ultrasound should be performed first, and if it is negative, a pancreatic-function test next. A positive result from either test warrants an endoscopic retrograde pancreatography for a definitive diagnosis. This sequence identified 88 per cent of patients without pancreatic disease and 89 per cent with pancreatic cancer. (N Engl J Med 297:737–742, 1977)
Perinatal development of conjugative enzyme systems.
Authors: G W Lucier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

The problems and priorities involved in studying the role of conjugagive enzymes in developmental pharmacology are discussed and evaluated. The relative rates of UDP glucuronyltransferase and beta-glucuronidase were studied during perinatal development in hepatic and extrahepatic tissues to determine the net balance of glucuronidation or deglucuronidation at different developmental stages. In general, deglucuronidation predominated over glucuronidation in fetal tissues whereas the converse was evident in adults. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an extremely toxic contaminant of some organochlorine compounds, was shown to be a potent inducer of some hepatic and extrahepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. TCDD, administered during gestation, induced the postnatal activities of p-nitrophenol glucuronyltransferase and benzpyrene hydroxylase in rats. Foster mother experiments revealed that the postnatal induction was caused primarily by newborn exposure to TCDD in the mother's milk. Tissue distribution experiments with TCDD-14C confirmed these findings. Although TCDD induced non-steroid glucuronidation, no significant effects were evident on the postnatal development of steroid glucuronidation. The synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) is metabolized primarily by glucuronidation. The postnatal development of DES glucuronidation, like the steroid pathway, was not affected by gestational TCDD treatment. The fetal distribution of DES and DES-glucuronide, at different stages of development, correlated well with the perinatal development of steroid glucuronyltransferase activity.
OPTIMAL TIME FOR SUBCUTANEOUS IMPLANTABLE DEFIBRILLATOR SCREENING IN PATIENTS REQUIRING HEMODIALYSIS
Authors: Abhinav Saxena, Shyam Shankar, On Chen, Azizul Rehman, Peter Homel, Avraham Miller, Nishanth Pundru, Chukwuemeka M. Acholonu, Jignesh Patel, Olga Rao, Yisachar Greenberg, Felix Yang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
A memorable patient: Delivery from evil
Authors: R. Hillier
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Newly qualified, idealistic, and inexperienced, I went to work in a hospital in rural Thailand. Patients travelled great distances to visit the foreigner's hospital. Many were helped by our standard treatment, hookworm medicine, multivitamins and iron. Our obstetrics practice was of the blood and thunder variety. Patients rarely came until they had been in labour for several days, arriving in obstructed labour, often with a uterus already ruptured. To establish an antenatal clinic was one of our main goals.

One morning a young pregnant woman arrived in my clinic room. She was neatly dressed in bright new clothes. I thought, “At …
A Portrait of Dr. Kripke
Authors: Elaine Blume
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article A Portrait of Dr. Kripke Get access Elaine Blume Elaine Blume Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 7, 6 April 1994, Page 484, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.7.484 Published: 06 April 1994
Abstract LB-126: Negative regulation of the Hippo pathway by the E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH promotes tumorigenicity
Authors: Zaidoun Salah, Gerry Melino, Rami Aqeilan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Hippo tumor suppressor pathway regulates cellular proliferation and survival, thus has profound effects on normal cell fate and tumorigenesis. WW domain-containing proteins regulate diverse biological processes through interaction with proline-tyrosine (PPxY) containing targets. Here, we showed that the E3 ligase ITCH regulates stability of LATS1, a key components of the Hippo pathway through protein-protein interaction of the PPxY motifs of LATS1 and the WW domains of ITCH by showing both endogenous and exogenous LATS1 and ITCH co-immunoprecipitation and that a double mutation in LATS1 PPxY motifs abrogates ITCH-LATS1 interaction. Wild type, but not mutant, ITCH catalyzed ubiquitination of LATS1 and stimulated its proteosomal degradation. Activation of the Hippo pathway, either by overexpressing MST2 or culturing cells at high density, induced ITCH and subsequent degradation of LATS1. Modulation of LATS1 levels via ITCH overexpression or Knockdown was associated with status of YAP phosphorylation, its subcellular localization and subsequently its transcription co-activation function. While ITCH knockdown induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotypes and tumorigenicity, ITCH overexpression induced these phenotypes. These findings provide evidence of a novel functional link between ITCH and Hippo pathway, underscoring a critical role for this association in tumorogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-126. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-126
THU0164 Polymorphism of Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 +49A/G is Associated with Refractoriness to Non-Biological Dmards in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: I. Guseva, N. Demidova, N. Soroka, E. Panasyuk, E. Luchikhina, E. Fedorenko, E. Alexandrova, A. Novikov, D. Trofimov, D. Karateev, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The value of genetics markers to predict non-responders to traditional DMARDs who are in need of biological therapy has not been studied so far in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether the polymorphisms of immune response genes are associated with prescribing the biological treatment in RA patients (pts) refractory to the previous therapy <h3>Methods</h3> Two groups of RA pts were included in this study (table1). The first one included 121 early RA (eRA) pts with disease duration less than 2 years, followed up for the subsequent 4 years. All pts received non-biological DMARDs (MTX up to 20-25 mg/week in combination with other DMARDs). Non-responders to this therapy (DAS28-CRP&gt;3,2) were treated with biologics. The second group consisted of 43 pts with active RA (moderate to severe) enrolled in the open label, phase IV trial to confirm the effectiveness and safety Tocilizumab (TCZ) through 6 infusions (8 mg/kg) [1]. The previous therapy with non-biologic DMARDs was not effective in these patients. Using "gene candidate" approach we selected the following gene polymorphisms (SNPs) for genotyping: <i>PTPN22 (+1858 C/T,</i> rs2476601), <i>CTLA4</i> (+49A/G, rs231775), <i>TNFAIP3 (</i>rs675520, rs6920220), <i>IL6</i> (-174G/C, rs1800795), <i>IL6R</i> (+358A/C<i>,</i> rs8192284), <i>TNFA</i> (-308A/G, rs1800629), <i>MCP1/ CCL2 (+2581A/G,</i> rs1024611), <i>IL10</i> (-592A/C<i>,</i> rs1800872, -1082 A/G, rs1800896). <h3>Results</h3> By the end of the follow-up period, 14 out of 121 eRA pts did not respond to DMARDs and were treated with biological. CTLA-4 gene polymorphism (+49A/G) was the only predictor for the administration of biological therapy in eRA group that was confirmed by a logistic regression analysis [OR=6,1 95% CI 1,4-26,2, p=0,01]. The carriers of GG genotype received the biological therapy more often than AA/AG genotypes carriers (5/14, 28,6% and 9/107, 8,4% respectively). The distribution of genotypes AA, AG and GG differed statistically between eRA and TCZ groups (33,1%, 55,4%, 11,6% and 37,2%, 37,2%, 25,5% respectively, p=0,04). In TCZ group the CTLA-4(+49A/G) genotypes were associated with ESR value at baseline (AA-42,0 (21,1), AG-59,3 (19,8), GG-66,8 (21,8), p=0,01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data suggest than the genetic polymorphism CTLA-4+49A/G is associated with more severe rheumatoid arthritis and may predict the need for biological therapy <h3>References</h3> <i>Guseva I.A., Soroka N.E., Panasyuk E.Y. et al.</i> Ann Rheum Dis 2011;70(Suppl3):465 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P1-07-20: Consistent High False Negative Rate of HER2 qRT-PCR of Oncotype DX® in Comparison to ASCO/CAP Recommended Combined IHC/FISH Method.
Authors: DJ Dabbs, R Bhargava
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background In our prior multi-institutional study of 843 cases we have shown a high false negative rate for HER2 testing by the oncotype DX® RT-PCR method, (ODX) compared to our combined FISH and IHC approach [J Clin Oncol 29: 2011 (suppl; abstr 603)]. This study is part of an ongoing quality assurance study, comparing HER2 test results by FISH/IHC and the ODX. Methods From July 2010 till April, 2011, all patients who had either positive or equivocal HER2 results (on core biopsy) at Magee-Womens Hospital (MWH) by combined IHC/FISH, and who also had the ODX ordered (on resection specimen) by an oncologist, were reviewed for positive concordance of HER2 results. All tissues were fixed and FISH/IHC was reported according to ASCO/CAP HER2 guidelines. The core biopsy HER2 positive results were also confirmed positive on the same tissue block that was tested by ODX. Results Of the total 234 cases, there were 21 cases that were either classified as positive (n=8) or equivocal (n=13) by combined IHC/FISH approach at MWH. Of the 8 MWH+ cases, 4 showed 3+ IHC score and these were also positive by ODX. The remainder 4 MWH+ cases were IHC 2+, and unequivocally amplified by FISH. These 4 cases were either equivocal (2 cases) or negative (2 cases) by ODX. Thirteen cases reported as equivocal by MWH FISH, were all reported as negative by ODX. Of the 213 MWH negative cases, 212 were also negative by ODX (percent negative agreement of &amp;gt;99%) and one case was called equivocal. If all equivocal cases are excluded, then percent positive agreement (PPA) between IHC/FISH and ODX is 67% (4/6). If “equivocal” cases are considered as “negative”, then PPA is 50% (4/8). If “equivocal” cases are considered as “positive”, then PPA is only 29% (6/21). Conclusions (1) Similar to our prior study [J Clin Oncol 29: 2011 (suppl; abstr 603)], there is a consistent poor percent positive agreement for HER2 testing between FDA cleared FISH/IHC methods and ODX, and these results cast serious doubt on the robustness/reliability of ODX results for HER2. (2) There should be serious concern raised over the reliability of the other multivariate index platform results of ODX, and likely, the ODX recurrence score for an individual patient, as this sensitivity data suggests inadequate tissue microdissection, or issues with the ODX test platform. (3) Clinicians need to be aware that HER2 results of ODX are not reliable for patients who are equivocal or amplified by FDA approved methods, and only FDA approved methods should guide treatment decisions. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-20.
The Tumor-Promoting Agents of Tobacco Leaf and Tobacco Smoke Condensate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B L Van Duuren, A Sivak, A Segal, L Orris, L Langseth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Extracts from flue-cured cigarette tobacco leaf were taken successively with ether, chloroform, and methyl alcohol. These extracts, a reconstituted whole extract, and known tobacco phenols were tested for tumor-promoting activity on mouse skin after an initiating treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene. The ether extract, the methyl alcohol extract, and the reconstituted whole extract of unburned tobacco leaf showed notable promoting activity. In parallel experiments, whole cigarette smoke condensate showed remarkable promoting activity and no tumorigenicity without initiation at these dose levels; eugenol, a known tobacco leaf phenol, showed weak promoting activity. Several tobacco tar aromatic hydrocarbons were tested for initiating activity with croton resin used as the promoter. Benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and chrysene were potent initiators, whereas benzo[m,n,o]fluoranthene and 1-methylpyrene were inactive.
Abstract B64: Outcome of multimodality treatment of pediatric Ewing's sarcoma/PNET
Authors: Sushmita Pathy, Bidhukalyan Mohanti, Sameer Bakshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Aim: To study the clinical symptoms and treatment outcome of multimodality treatment of ES/PNET in Dr BRAIRCH, AIIMS from June 2006 to May 2009. Material and Methods: The study included 63 patients, 46 male and 17 female, all less than 18 years of age, and registered in our pediatric oncology clinic. All patients had histopathological diagnosis. Majority of patients had involvement of extremity (25/63), followed by thorax (14/63) and head and neck (10/63). Forty-eight patients presented with localized disease and 15 presented with distant metastasis. Chemotherapy consisted of VAC+IE regimen. Mean number of chemotherapy cycles was 13.5. Patients received chemotherapy and local treatment in the form of surgery and radiotherapy. Forty-one patients received CT+RT, 22 patients underwent surgery followed by RT. In 50 patients, RT was administrated with a curative intent. A dose of 45 Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks followed by boost 15Gy in eight fractions over 1.5 wk was delivered. Mean RT dose was 47.9 Gy. Ten patients received palliative RT. Results: Mean disease-free survival was 23.22 months (std error 1.92 and 95% CI 19.48-26.96). Median DFS was 21.3 months (std error 1.94 and 95%CI 17.50–25.10). Conclusion: The above regime was well tolerated and detailed clinical profile, treatment outcome will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr B64.
ACS Awards Support Grants to Junior Faculty Researchers
Authors: P. Chemaly
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article ACS Awards Support Grants to Junior Faculty Researchers Get access Philippe Chemaly, Jr. Philippe Chemaly, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 7, 5 April 1989, Pages 479–480, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.7.479 Published: 05 April 1989
Uptake of I-131 in the Biliary Tract: A Potential Cause of a False-Positive Result of Scintiscan
Authors: MARIE CARLISLE, ANABEL CORTÉS, I. ROSS McDOUGALL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Focal uptake of I-131 in the region of the liver was seen on whole-body scans in a 22-year-old asymptomatic woman who had invasive papillary cancer. Hepatic metastases were unlikely because of the clinical risk factors, and a CT scan of the liver was normal. By super-imposing the I-131 scintiscan and a hepatobiliary scan, the site of the uptake was shown to be in the biliary tract, and it had migrated to the gallbladder on more delayed images. No pathologic cause was found.
Provocation of Bradycardia and Hypotension by Isoproterenol and Upright Posture in Patients with Unexplained Syncope
Authors: A Almquist, I F Goldenberg, S Milstein, M Y Chen, X C Chen, R Hansen, C C Gornick, D G Benditt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Neurally mediated hypotension and bradycardia are believed to be common causes of syncope. We used the "upright-tilt test" (duration, less than or equal to 10 minutes) with or without an infusion of exogenous catecholamine (isoproterenol [1 to 5 micrograms per minute], given intravenously) to elicit bradycardia, hypotension, or both in 24 patients with recurrent syncope and in 18 control subjects. A conventional electrophysiologic test performed before the tilt test was positive in 9 of the 24 patients, revealing arrhythmias that may have caused recurrent syncope, but was negative and thus nondiagnostic in 15 patients. The tilt test alone (i.e., without isoproterenol) induced symptomatic bradycardia or hypotension in 1 of the 9 patients with positive electrophysiologic tests (11 percent), 4 of the 15 patients with negative electrophysiologic tests (27 percent), and none of the controls. When the isoproterenol infusion was administered during the tilt test, 9 of the 11 patients with negative electrophysiologic and tilt tests had syncope, marked slowing of the heart rate, and hypotension. In contrast, isoproterenol was associated with tachycardia and only a slight decline in arterial pressure in the 8 remaining patients with positive electrophysiologic tests and the 18 control subjects, and syncope developed in only 1 of the 8 patients with positive electrophysiologic tests and negative tilt tests (13 percent) and 2 of the 18 control subjects (11 percent). We conclude that an isoproterenol infusion administered in conjunction with the upright-tilt test may be useful for identifying susceptibility to neurally mediated recurrent syncope.
Abstract LB-79: The Impact of Biospecimen Quality on Cancer Research and Patient Care
Authors: Kimberly Newman-McCown
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The National Disease Research Interchange (NDRI) is a non-profit organization funded by The National Institute of Health. The organization was founded in 1980 at the request of researchers studying diabetes who found that obtaining the human pancreas they needed for their studies presented a major challenge to scientific development. NDRI was awarded a $3.6 million grant to participate in a two-year pilot study for the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) initiative, which will afford all researchers an opportunity to have collaborative access to quality human tissue in order to advance cancer research and other disease discoveries. The availability of high-quality biospecimens is essential to ongoing cancer research. These resources allow researchers to ask questions that can be answered only by testing hundreds or thousands of patient samples. Such an analysis would provide greater insight into how the cancer progresses and uncover potential new targets for interventions to disrupt the malignancy process. High-quality biospecimens are also essential for research aimed at the development of personalized medicine in which treatments and other interventions will be tailored to patients based on their genetic profile and the unique molecular features of their disease. However, the research that will lead to personalized cancer medicine is hampered at present by an inadequate supply of biospecimens that have been collected and stored according to standard protocols. If an ample supply of high quality biospecimens were made available the following advances may be possible: the identification of specific proteins or other biomarkers associated with various stages or different types of individual cancers which could lead to new screening or diagnostic tests; the grouping of patients, based on biomarkers of the disease and other genetic characteristics to receive the best, most effective and least toxic treatment; and the identification of drug delivery or other agents to cancer cells and to measure responses to treatment. The necessary supply of biospecimens will be available for research only if patients agree to donate tissue when they undergo biopsy, surgery or other medical procedures. There are several ways in which patients, their families and the general public can help support cancer research that uses biospecimens: stay informed, consider donating a biospecimen, and spread the word. Contact the National Disease Research Interchange (NDRI) 1–800–222–6374 or at http://www.ndriresource.org or visit our booth in the Exhibit Hall[[Unsupported Character – ]] Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-79. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-79
Safe removal of an impacted stone retrieval basket during ERCP using a single-balloon enteroscope in a patient with a Roux-en-Y gastrectomy
Authors: Olivier Dhollander, Hilde De Bruyne, Bart Op de Beeck, Paul Pelckmans, Tom Moreels
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with altered small-bowel anatomy is challenging, often needing device-assisted enteroscopy [1]. We report on a complicated ERCP procedure using a single-balloon enteroscope (SIF Q180, Olympus) in a 90-year-old patient who had undergone Roux-en-Y total gastrectomy in 1992 for gastric carcinoma. The indication for the ERCP was Acinetobacter pittii cholangitis and sepsis due to a large common bile duct stone.
THE MYTH OF THE STABLE INR PATIENT: RESULTS FROM ORBIT-AF
Authors: Sean Pokorney, DaJuanicia N. Simon, Laine Thomas, Gregg Fonarow, Peter Kowey, Paul Chang, Daniel Singer, Jack Ansell, Rosalia Blanco, Bernard Gersh, Kenneth Mahaffey, Elaine Hylek, Alan S. Go, Jonathan Piccini, Eric Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia in McCune—Albright Syndrome Diagnosed by Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: RAQUEL SISAYAN, MORDECHAI LORBERBOYM, GEORGE HERMANN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 19-year-old woman with a history of chronic left lower extremity pain had exacerbation of her symptoms in the last 6 months. The pain was aggravated by walking and responded partially to anti-inflammatory drugs. The patient had a history of precocious puberty when she was 8 years old, but had no skin pigmentation. A bone scan showed extensive, irregular increased activity in the left hemipelvis, femur and tibia, but also in other sites that were not suspected clinically. Plain radiographs of the left hip, left femur, and left tibia were consistent with fibrous dysplasia.