tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pooled cardiac safety analysis of patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer receiving trastuzumab.
Authors: S Muehlbauer, C Revil, B Leyland-Jones, R Bell, J Baselga, M Marty, A Jones, A Feyereislova
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6136 Background: The outlook for women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive early and advanced breast cancer has been significantly improved by the incorporation of trastuzumab (Herceptin®; H) into therapeutic regimens. H has a proven safety profile observed over 10 years of clinical experience in &amp;gt;500,000 patients (pts); however some concerns remain over cardiac dysfunction. This retrospective study reports detailed new analyses of pooled cardiac safety data from 6 metastatic breast cancer (MBC) trials.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Reports of selected adverse events of symptomatic congestive heart failure (CHF) and cardiac rhythm disturbances (CRDs) as well as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) declines were analysed. As definitions of CHF differed between trials, a detailed manual review of original data was performed, including serious adverse event reports. CRDs were identified based on Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities terms. LVEF declines were defined as decreases of ≥15 percentage points (pp) from baseline (BL) or ≥10 pp from BL to an LVEF of ≤50%.&amp;#x2028; Results: In total, 882 MBC pts from 6 trials were evaluable for the pooled analysis: in 2 of the trials H was given as monotherapy (WO16229, MO16982) and in others H was combined with paclitaxel (BO15935), docetaxel (M77001), docetaxel and capecitabine (MO16419), and anastrozole (BO16216). There were 683 pts in the H group and 199 in the control group. Pt characteristics were well balanced between treatment groups. Symptomatic CHF was identified in 11 pts (1.6%) in the H group (including 1 death) and none in the control group. Of the 11 pts with CHF, 9 had received prior anthracyclines. Fifty-five CRDs (6.6%) were reported in 45 pts in the H group, with tachycardia (3.2%), palpitations (2.6%) and arrhythmias (0.6%) being the most frequent. With the exception of a single grade 3 event in each group, all CRDs were grade 1 or 2. Nearly all CRDs resolved with no sequelae (50/55 events; 91%). In the control group 2 pts (0.1%) experienced a CRD. The total number of pts evaluable for LVEF decline was 673 in the H group and 194 in the control group; 74 (11.0%) and 7 pts (3.6%), respectively, experienced a drop of ≥10 pp from BL to ≤50%. Eighty-nine (13.2%) and 9 pts (4.6%), respectively, had an LVEF decline of ≥15 pp from BL.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: This pooled analysis of pts from 6 MBC trials demonstrates that H-based treatment in MBC is associated with a low incidence of symptomatic CHF (1.6%) and LVEF declines (11-13% of pts). Although CRDs were observed with H, the majority were of limited clinical significance. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6136.
False-Negative Interpretation of FDG Positron Emission Tomography in a Patient with Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: WOOJIN KIM, MIJIN YUN, NAHEEL ALNAFISI, MARC HICKESON, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

KIM, WOOJIN; YUN, MIJIN M.D.; ALNAFISI, NAHEEL M.D.; HICKESON, MARC M.D.; ALAVI, ABASS M.D. Author Information
Correlation of 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings With Histopathological Results in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients Who Have Increased Thyroglobulin or Antithyroglobulin Antibody Levels and Negative 131I Whole-Body Scan Results
Authors: Elgin Ozkan, Gulseren Aras, N. Ozlem Kucuk
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Aim This study aimed to investigate the correlation of 18F-FDG PET/CT findings with histopathological results in defining the recurrence of the disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) who have increased thyroglobuline (Tg) or anti-Tg antibody (TgAb) levels and negative 131I whole-body scan (WBS) result. Patients and Methods A total of 59 patients with DTC (44 women, 15 men; mean [SD] age, 48.2 [22.6] years) were included in the study. All of the patients had previous papillary thyroid cancer, and all of them had undergone radioiodine ablation after a total or near-total thyroidectomy. After radioiodine ablation, patients were followed up for approximately 2.5 years. In the follow-up, the patients with negative 131I-WBS results and increased Tg or TgAb levels under thyroid-stimulating hormone–stimulated conditions underwent an 18F-FDG PET/CT scan to determine any recurrence of disease. There were negative or uncertain findings in the neck ultrasonography and/or thorax CT in most of the patients. The 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were compared with the histopathological results in all patients. Results Although 49 patients had increased Tg levels, the remaining 10 patients had increased TgAb levels. In patients with high Tg levels, 18F-FDG PET/CT scan results were negative in 10 and positive in 39 patients. In this patient group, 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative in 32, 3, 7, and 7 patients, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this group were calculated as 82%, 30%, 80%, 30%, and 71%, separately. In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, a 4.5 cutoff SUVmax was calculated with 75% sensitivity and 70% specificity for predicting disease recurrence. Cutoff Tg level was calculated as 20.7 ng/mL with 75% sensitivity and 55% specificity. In 10 patients with high TgAb levels, 18F-FDG PET/CT was true positive, true negative and false positive in 6, 2, and 2 patients, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this patient group were calculated as 100%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 80%, respectively. Conclusions 18F-FDG PET/CT may be a useful imaging modality in defining recurrence of the disease in patients with DTC who have increased Tg or TgAb levels, negative 131I-WBS results, and negative or suspicious neck ultrasonography and/or thorax CT results. Although 18F-FDG PET/CT seems to be a more sensitive method in patients with increased TgAb levels, the number of patients is not enough to make a substantiated comment.
Blood-Pressure and Cholesterol Lowering in Persons without Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Salim Yusuf, Eva Lonn, Prem Pais, Jackie Bosch, Patricio López-Jaramillo, Jun Zhu, Denis Xavier, Alvaro Avezum, Lawrence A. Leiter, Leopoldo S. Piegas, Alexander Parkhomenko, Matyas Keltai, Katalin Keltai, Karen Sliwa, Irina Chazova, Ron J.G. Peters, Claes Held, Khalid Yusoff, Basil S. Lewis, Petr Jansky, Kamlesh Khunti, William D. Toff, Christopher M. Reid, John Varigos, Jose L. Accini, Robert McKelvie, Janice Pogue, Hyejung Jung, Lisheng Liu, Rafael Diaz, Antonio Dans, Gilles Dagenais
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Elevated blood pressure and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Lowering both should reduce the risk of cardiovascular events substantially.
FRI0376 Beneficial effect of buspirone, an orally available 5-ht1a receptor agonist, on lower esophageal sphincter function in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: S. Panopoulos, G. Karamanolis, A. Karlaftis, V.-K. Bournia, P. P. Sfikakis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Domperidone is widely used for the management of symptoms in patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) and esophageal involvement, but its efficacy is under question. Recently, buspirone, an orally available 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor agonist, was shown to enhance esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter <b>(</b>LES) function in healthy volunteers (Di Stefano M et al, Dis Esophagus. 2012 Jul;25(5):470-6) <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the effects of acute buspirone and domperidone administration in SSc patients with symptomatic esophageal involvement. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty consecutive patients (26 women, aged 52.3±10.4 years, 15 and 15 with diffuse or limited SSc, respectively) underwent high resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) before and 30 minutes after randomised administration of 10 mg buspirone (n=19) or 10 mg domperidone (n=11). We compared buspirone and domperidone effects, before and after drug administration, on: a) resting pressure of the LES; b) residual pressure of LES relaxation; c) amplitude, duration, and onset velocity of esophageal body contractions. Prior to HRM each patient completed a self-reported 0-100 visual analogue scale questionnaire for esophageal symptoms (ESQ). <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference in terms of SSc characteristics, as well as of clinical severity (assessed by ESQ scores) and extent (assessed by HRM findings) of esophageal involvement between patients who received buspirone or domperidone. Buspirone increased mean resting pressure of LES (from 9.42±2.6 to 11.53±3.4 p&lt;0.001 by paired t-test), whereas domperidone's effect was not significant (from 9.09±3 to 8.64±2.6, p=0.469). Comparison of the mean individual changes after administration of either drug revealed that buspirone was superior to domperidone in enhancing the resting pressure of LES ( +2.11±2.0 versus -0.45±2.3, p=0.006 ). Neither buspirone nor domperidone had any significant effect on the other examined parameters of esophageal function. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Acute administration of buspirone, but not of domperidone, exerted a beneficial effect on impaired LES function in patients with SSc, suggesting a role of 5-HT<sub>1A</sub> receptor-mediated interactions in these patients. Prospective studies to examine whether buspirone is of long-term therapeutic value for SSc-associated esophageal disease are warranted. <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: None Declared
The Effect of Changes in the Consumption of Macrolide Antibiotics on Erythromycin Resistance in Group A Streptococci in Finland
Authors: Helena Seppälä, Timo Klaukka, Jaana Vuopio-Varkila, Anna Muotiala, Hans Helenius, Katrina Lager, Pentti Huovinen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

In the early 1990s there was an increase in erythromycin resistance among group A streptococci in Finland. In response, policies regarding outpatient antibiotic therapy were changed, and nationwide recommendations were issued that called for reductions in the use of macrolide antibiotics for respiratory and skin infections in outpatients. We studied the effect of this policy on the pattern of erythromycin resistance throughout Finland.
A9.9 Prevalence and risk factors of corticosteroids self-medication
Authors: K Nassar, S Janani, W Rachidi, O Mkinsi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Corticosteroids (CTC) are semisynthetic adrenocortical derivatives hormones. They are the standard treatment for most inflammatory diseases. However, there is a severity number side effect. A good process management require a balance between inflammatory activity sufficient and adverse tolerable. CTC are anti-inflammatory not only powerful, but also rapidly effective. They are used in several pathologies with a frequent tendency to self-medicate. <h3>Study purpose</h3> Evaluation of the prevalence and factors of self-medication with corticosteroids, through a survey of 125 patients treated for long term. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Cross-sectional descriptive survey conducted with 125 patients, at Ibn Rochd Rheumatology department in Casablanca. Inclusions criteria were, patients receiving prolonged systemic corticosteroid. The survey contains a multiple or open choice questionnaires, established in agreement with the Biostatistics-Epidemiology and Medical Informatics. It was about the identity of patients, the disease being treated with corticosteroids, the duration and treatment dose, the patients number self-medication and its contributing factors, finally the side effects involved in taking steroids. <h3>Results</h3> The majority of patients were female (82.4%). The mean age was 46.5 years ± 10 years. Diseases requiring prescription CTC was rheumatoid arthritis (50.4%) and systemic Lupus (17.6%). Other indication (sarcoidosis, dermatomyositis, vasculitis) at 32%. Type of CTC was prednisone (78.4%). Patients received CTC above one year (71.2%). 80% of them were informed about effects of corticosteroids. 58 patients have been using corticosteroids for self-medication. The reasons were; rapid efficacy of corticosteroid, therapy during attacks (36.2%), Lack of information (25.8%), appointment of remote consultations (19%), easy access to pharmacists CTC (10.4%), and not expensive treatment (8.6%). <h3>Discussion and Conclusion</h3> Improved support and optimization patient compliance in long-term systemic corticosteroids are necessary for better medical exchanges sick. The particularities of our population are; low socio-economic level, the use of cheap treatments and CTC sale without a prescription.
Atypical melanosis coli resembling the appearance of cheetah skin
Authors: Israel Grilo, Javier Torres-Gómez, Leonor Gómez-Regife
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 61-year-old woman was referred for colonoscopy because she had been suffering from diarrhea with fatigue and weight loss over a 2-month period. The patient had a 20-year history of chronic constipation, which she treated intermittently with herbal products (Rhamnus purshianus and Aloe ferox). She stopped taking the herbal products at the onset of diarrhea.
Diagnosis of Synchronous Isolated Splenic Metastasis From Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Michael Soussan, Gabriel Pop, Matthieu-John Ouvrier, Alain Neuman, Pierre Weinmann
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Isolated splenic metastasis is extremely rare. In this study, we report a case of a 52-year-old man referred for Pancoast Tobias Syndrome by which FDG PET/CT detected an isolated splenic metastasis. Diffusion-weighted MRI confirmed the isolated splenic lesion. A low apparent diffusion coefficient was consistent with a tumor lesion. CT-guided biopsy of both the lesions and histopathologic findings confirmed a lung adenocarcinoma with an isolated splenic metastasis. This case reveals a very rare occurrence of isolated splenic metastases in the context of lung cancer and illustrates the role of multimodality functional imaging for the early detection of uncommon metastasis.
Context, engagement, and the (multiple) functions of negativity bias
Authors: Christopher M. Federico, Christopher D. Johnston, Howard G. Lavine
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Hibbing and colleagues argue that political attitudes may be rooted in individual differences in negativity bias. Here, we highlight the complex, conditional nature of the relationship between negativity bias and ideology by arguing that the political impact of negativity bias should vary as a function of (1) issue domain and (2) political engagement .
QUANTIFICATION BY OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY IMAGING OF THE ABLATION VOLUME OBTAINED WITH THE ORBITAL ATHERECTOMY SYSTEM IN CALCIFIED CORONARY LESIONS
Authors: Yohei Sotomi, Raphael Cavalcante, Richard Shlofmitz, Pannipa Suwannasom, Hiroki Tateishi, Erhan Tenekecioglu, Yaping Zheng, Mohammad Abdelghani, Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Mismatches of Minor Histocompatibility Antigens between HLA-Identical Donors and Recipients and the Development of Graft-Versus-Host Disease after Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Els Goulmy, Ronald Schipper, Jos Pool, Els Blokland, Frederik Falkenburg, Jaak Vossen, Alois Gratwohl, Georgia B. Vogelsang, Hans C. van Houwelingen, Jon J. van Rood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) can be a major complication of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation even when the donor and recipient are siblings and share identical major histocompatibility antigens. The explanation may be a mismatch of minor histocompatibility antigens. We previously characterized five minor histocompatibility antigens, HA-1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, that are recognized by T cells in association with the major histocompatibility antigens HLA-A1 and A2.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in fine needle aspirates containing inflammatory breast cancer cells.
Authors: C Li, L Pusztai, EN Cohen, F Symmans, B Wang, B Lee, GN Hortobagyi, M Cristofanilli, JM Reuben
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3084 BACKGROUND: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive manifestation of primary breast cancer and its clinical presentation and the peculiar geographic distribution have suggested a possible viral etiology. Mouse Mammary Tumor, Human Herpes Virus 8 or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) may play significant roles in the pathogenesis of the disease and account for the peculiar lymphangiogenic mechanism of growth and disease progression. In particular, EBV late membrane protein (LMP)-1 plays a critical role in tumor invasion lymphangiogenesis. In this study, EBV DNA was measured in each FNA sample from patients with IBC and locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) using real time PCR directed against 5 different targets within the EBV genome.&amp;#x2028; PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-eight fine needle aspirates (FNA) of breast cancer from patients with newly diagnosed IBC (n=18) and LABC (n=50) were examined. The FNA specimens were collected for the pharmacogenomic research program before any systemic therapy started. Median age of subjects was 53 yrs (range: 26-83 yrs). Total DNA was extracted from the FNA using the QIAmp Kit. EBV DNA were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) directed at five different targets within the EBV genome (BamH1W, LMP1, EBNA1, LMP2, and BZLF1) that encode products that are highly conserved across all EBV strains and important for viral pathogenesis. DNA extracted from Namalwa cells were used to construct the standard (R2 = 0.993); HL60 cells were used as EBV-negative controls. Data were collected and analyzed by Sequence Detection System software (Applied Biosystems Incorporated, ABI, Foster City, CA).&amp;#x2028; RESULTS: EBV DNA was detected in freshly obtained breast cancer FNA samples using Q-PCR. The Q-PCR assays were sensitive to as low as 1 copy of EBV DNA per reaction. Of 68 breast tumor FNA specimens, EBV genes were detected in FNA from 4/18 (22%) IBC patients (range, 1-4 genes) and 5/50 (10%) LABC patients (range, 1-3 genes). Among the 9 positive specimens, BamH1W was detected in 6; EBNA1 in 5; LMP1 in 4; BZLF1 in 2; and LMP2 in 1, respectively.&amp;#x2028; DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Q-PCR is an effective method for detecting EBV DNA in FNA of breast cancer patients. The two most frequently detected EBV DNA sequences were BamH1W (6 of 9) and EBNA1 (5 of 9). BamH1W is a sequence that is frequently replicated throughout the EBV genome and EBNA1 is a reliable latent gene responsible for maintaining infection for life of the host. LMP-1 is a potential viral oncogene and was detected in 4/9 patients. The detection of these EBV sequences suggest latent EBV infections in IBC and LABC patients. The clinical significance of these findings warrants further investigation. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3084.
IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR IMPLANTATION IMPROVES OUTCOME OF PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICES
Authors: Sahil Agrawal, Sudip Nanda, Lohit Garg, Yugandhar Manda, Amitoj Singh, Archana Sinha, Huseng Vefali, Abdullah Quddus, Jamshid Shirani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Use of Hybrid SPECT/CT for Diagnosis of Radiographic Occult Fractures of the Wrist
Authors: Laurent Allainmat, Mathieu Aubault, Vincent Noël, Francoise Baulieu, Jacky Laulan, Veronique Eder
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Wrist and hand traumas represent most traumatic lesions. Any delay in treatment involves complications compromising the functional prognosis. We report typical examples illustrating the incremental diagnosis value of hybrid SPECT/CT compared with planar scintigraphy with semiquantitative analysis in the diagnosis of radiographic occult fractures of the wrist. Hybrid imaging diagnoses much more of scaphoid lesions because bone disruptions cannot always be shown on CT, as well as carpal-associated lesions and differentiates chronic arthritis or ligament lesions. This noninvasive approach could lead to improved therapeutic strategies with a beneficial impact on prognosis.
MS-19 * LONG-TERM OUTCOMES FOR PATIENTS WITH INTRACRANIAL MENINGIOMAS: A SINGLE-INSTITUTION RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Y. Mowery, A. Wright, A. Desjardins, K. Peters, T. Ranjan, G. Vlahovic, H. Friedman, A. Zomorodi, D. Kaylie, O. Adogwa, S. Nimjee, W. Sperduto, G. Chagoya, P. Fatemi, R. McLendon, T. Cummings, A. Friedman, J. Sampson, J. Kirkpatrick
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

While meningiomas represent the most common intracranial tumor, limited long-term outcome data are available. We analyzed clinical features and outcomes for all patients with intracranial meningiomas treated with radiotherapy at Duke University Medical Center between 1/1/1992 and 10/31/2013 by retrospective chart review. 237 patients were identified (median age 52; female:male 2:1); of these, 32 (14%) were diagnosed by imaging only. Median follow-up was 92 months (range 4-401) with follow-up >12 and 20 years for 88 and 22 patients, respectively. Histologic WHO grade distribution was 52% grade I, 15% grade II, 7% grade III, and 26% unknown. Patients received one or more of the following treatments: surgery (78%), stereotactic radiosurgery (26%), fractionated radiotherapy (84%), and/or systemic therapy (18%). Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 383 and 113 months, respectively. Median OS was 389 months for grade I, 383 months for unknown grade, not reached for grade II, and 120 months for grade III (p <0.0001). For the combined Grade I and unknown grade groups, OS at 12 and 20 years post-initial treatment was 84% and 64%, respectively. Grade I meningioma with elevated proliferation index (Ki-67/MIB-1 >5%) was associated with shorter OS (median 174 months versus 383 months for grade I/unknown grade with low or unknown proliferation index). The median PFS for grade I, II, and III was 113, 45 and 39 months, respectively (p < 0.0001). 50% of patients (117) were treated for recurrent or progressive disease. Median OS after first treatment for recurrence was 327 months for grade I, not reached for grade II, 80 months for grade III, and 117 months for unknown grade (p = 0.003). Given the prolonged survival, frequent recurrences well past initial treatment, and the apparent efficacy of salvage therapy, meningioma patients should be observed systematically long after diagnosis.
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer
Authors: Jerry W. Shay
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract Telomeres progressively shorten throughout life. A hallmark of advanced malignancies is the ability for continuous cell divisions that almost universally correlates with the stabilization of telomere length by the reactivation of telomerase. The repression of telomerase and shorter telomeres in humans may have evolved, in part, as an anticancer protection mechanism. Although there is still much we do not understand about the regulation of telomerase, it remains a very attractive and novel target for cancer therapeutics. This review focuses on the current state of advances in the telomerase area, identifies outstanding questions, and addresses areas and methods that need refinement. Significance: Despite many recent advances, telomerase remains a challenging target for cancer therapy. There are few telomerase-directed therapies, and many of the assays used to measure telomeres and telomerase have serious limitations. This review provides an overview of the current state of the field and how recent advances could affect future research and treatment approaches. Cancer Discov; 6(6); 584–93. ©2016 AACR.