tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
Authors: Constance Weisner
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT in Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma With Fibular Metastasis and Mixed Response to Sorafenib
Authors: Sandip Basu, Amit Joshi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

We describe somatostatin receptor targeted imaging findings in a 56-year-old woman with elevated serum thyroglobulin and radioiodine negative DTC fibular metastasis. The fibular lesion was biopsy proven of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma and demonstrated high grade uptake on Tc-HYNIC-TOC scintigraphy. She opted for sorafenib therapy for progressively increasing fibular swelling and was started on 400 mg daily followed by dose escalation to 400 mg twice daily. At 17 months after sorafenib initiation, Ga DOTATATE PET/CT demonstrated necrosis of the fibular lesion; however, new lesions were documented in lower dorsal and lumbar vertebrae and skull, based upon which sorafenib withdrawal was contemplated.
Infant Mortality Among Hispanics: The Epidemiological Paradox-Reply
Authors: José E. Becerra
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The apparent lack of correlation between the socioeconomic profile of Hispanics in the United States and their health outcome, such as birth-weight distribution and neonatal mortality rates, has been referred to as a "contemporary public health enigma"<sup>1</sup>and an "epidemiological paradox."<sup>2</sup>Our article confirmed this finding and acknowledged the role of behavioral factors among Hispanics as possible explanations, such as "better nutritional practices, higher regard for parental roles, and lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption." Our article also provided indirect but strongly suggestive evidence of underregistration of infant deaths among Mexican Americans, especially in the postneonatal period. Infants of Mexican-American descent whose mothers were born in Mexico had worse birth-weight—specific neonatal mortality than Mexican-American infants whose mothers were born in the United States. However, the reverse is true for postneonatal mortality. That is, infants of Mexican-American descent whose mothers were born in Mexico had apparently
The Interplay Between Perivascular Adipose Tissue and the Arterial Wall Regulates NADPH-Oxidase Activity in Human Vessels
Authors: M Margaritis, A S Antonopoulos, J Digby, P Coutinho, R Sayeed, M Petrou, R DeSilva, R Lee, K M Channon, C Antoniades
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Association of Exposure to Cow's Milk Protein and β-Cell Autoimmunity
Authors: Carol S. Johnston
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —Although the press coverage that coincided with publication of the article by Dr Norris and colleagues 1 indicated that cow's milk was not linked to diabetes, it must be emphasized that these authors actually did not examine the relationship of early exposure to cow's milk protein and development of IDDM. Rather, they examined early eating patterns of first-degree relatives of patients with IDDM who had high plasma levels of autoantibodies to insulin, GAD 65 , and IA-2. Subjects with high levels of these β-cell autoantibodies (BCAs) were not more likely to have had early exposure to cow's milk protein when compared with the non-BCA subjects. However, the presence of high titers of autoantibodies is not considered a selective predictor of IDDM. Only 5% to 22% of subjects with these antibodies progress to diabetes, 2-4 which indicates that β-cell damage may be partial or even reversible in most cases. Norris and colleagues
Retroperitoneal emphysema and interstitial pneumonitis during FOLFIRINOX in a patient with pancreatic cancer
Authors: Yoshihiko Abe, Shinsuke Funakoshi, Hoshino Mai, Ryohei Kishino, Gen Sakai, Motoko Izumiya, Atsushi Nakazawa, Nobuhiro Tsukada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Fine Particulate Matter and Emergency Room Visits for Respiratory Illness. Effect Modification by Oxidative Potential
Authors: Scott A. Weichenthal, Eric Lavigne, Greg J. Evans, Krystal J. Godri Pollitt, Richard T. Burnett
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5; particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter) is thought to contribute to acute respiratory morbidity in part through oxidative stress.To examine the association between PM2.5 oxidative burden and emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses.We conducted a case-crossover study in Ontario, Canada between 2004 and 2011, including 127,836 cases of asthma, 298,751 cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and more than 1.1 million cases of all respiratory illnesses. Daily air pollution data were collected from ground monitors, and city-level PM2.5 oxidative potential was measured on the basis of a synthetic respiratory tract lining fluid containing the antioxidants glutathione and ascorbate. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate associations between air pollution concentrations and emergency room visits, adjusting for time-varying covariates.Three-day mean PM2.5 concentrations were consistently associated with emergency room visits for all respiratory illnesses. Among children (<9 yr), each interquartile change (5.92 μg/m(3)) in 3-day mean PM2.5 was associated with a 7.2% (95% confidence interval, 4.2-10) increased risk of emergency room visits for asthma. Glutathione-related oxidative potential modified the impact of PM2.5 on emergency room visits for respiratory illnesses (P = 0.001) but only at low concentrations (≤10 μg/m(3)). Between-city differences in ascorbate-related oxidative potential did not modify the impact of PM2.5 on respiratory outcomes.Between-city differences in glutathione-related oxidative potential may modify the impact of PM2.5 on acute respiratory illnesses at low PM2.5 concentrations. This may explain in part how small changes in ambient PM2.5 mass concentrations can contribute to acute respiratory morbidity in low-pollution environments.
Obesity and the Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Panagiotis Korantzopoulos, Theofilos M Kolettis
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost of Drugs in Australia's Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme-Reply
Authors: Stephen R. Bickel
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Ms Derby's comments regarding the PBS in Australia are helpful and add important information to the comparison of the Australian health care system within the United States. The question is, "Why are the per capita expenditures higher in Australia when the costs for comparable drugs (28 of 29 common drugs studied by Ms Derby) are lower?" There are 2 likely possible explanations for this: first, to explain the lower drug prices, the government essentially has monopsonistic power over drug prices included in the benefit scheme, since they are the only buyer in Australia. This allows the PBS to effectively negotiate prices with the drug manufacturers closer to (or at) their marginal costs. Second, to explain the higher total expenditures, there are 2 things to consider with respect to quantity. We wonder if the additional expenditures for non-PBS pharmaceuticals, including over-the-counter preparations, account for some of the difference. Even more significant
Impact of <i>K-ras</i> status on the effects of EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibody (MAb) therapy in advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC): A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs)
Authors: C. Vale, J. F. Tierney, A. Meade, D. Fisher, R. Kaplan, R. A. Adams, T. S. Maughan, M. K. Parmar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4122 Background: A recent systematic review, based largely on non-randomised, retrospective studies, suggested that K-ras mutations may identify patients who do not benefit from cetuximab and panitumumab. In support of this hypothesis, four RCTs have shown a lack of benefit or detriment of EGFR-targeted therapy in patients with K-ras mutations. In this systematic review, we aim to provide a comprehensive and unbiased synthesis of the effects of these MAbs, by K-ras status, in both chemotherapy (CT) responsive and CT-refractory ACRC patients. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of all relevant RCTs is ongoing. Progression-free survival (PFS) is the primary outcome, with survival and response as secondary outcomes. We have conducted systematic searches of a number of trial sources. Data on trial and patient characteristics, and outcome have been extracted from trial reports or presentations, for all patients and for K-ras wild-type and mutant cohorts. Where possible, trial results were pooled in a stratified-by- trial meta-analysis. For unpublished RCTs, or those published with insufficient information, we are seeking further data. Results: Searches identified 15 eligible RCTs in CT-responsive patients, 12 using cetuximab and 3 panitumumab. Three of these trials included bevacizumab in both arms. PFS has only been reported for 6 RCTs, so further data are needed to ensure an unbiased analysis. Only two RCTs were identified in CT-refractory patients. Together, these showed an improvement in PFS with anti-EGFR MAb (HR=0.61, 95% CI 0.49–0.76, p&lt;0.0001). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the size of the effect by K-ras status (interaction p&lt;0.0001), with an improvement in PFS for patients with wild type K-ras, (HR=0.43, 95% CI 0.35–0.52, p&lt;0.0001), but not those with mutant K-ras (HR=0.99 95% CI 0.80–1.23, p=0.93). Conclusions: These preliminary results suggest that the benefits of anti-EGFR MAb therapy, at least in CT-refractory patients, are confined to those with wild type K-ras. Results for CT-responsive patients, and updated analyses for CT-refractory patients, will be presented. [Table: see text]
Military Preventive Medicine.
Authors: Fred H. Diercks, Bryce C. Walton
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment Patterns and Visual Outcomes during the Maintenance Phase of Treat-and-Extend Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Rohan W. Essex, Vuong Nguyen, Richard Walton, Jennifer J. Arnold, Ian L. McAllister, Robyn H. Guymer, Nigel Morlet, Stephanie Young, Daniel Barthelmes, Mark C. Gillies
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
PR1 Is Cross-Presented By Multiple Myeloma Cells in Patients and Renders Multiple Myeloma Susceptible to PR1-CTL and Anti-PR1/HLA-A2 Antibody
Authors: Gheath Alatrash, Pariya Sukhumalchandra, Mao Zhang, Celine Kerros, Anna Sergeeva, Amanda Cernosek, Haroon Jakher, Madhushree Zope, Rebecca Patenia, Lisa St John, Alexander Perakis, Karen Dwyer, Ken H. Young, Jinsheng Weng, Sijie Lu, Elizabeth A. Mittendorf, Larry W Kwak, Qing Ma, Jeffrey J. Molldrem
Journal: Blood (2014)
Estimated disease incidence of RAG1/2 mutations: A case report and querying the Exome Aggregation Consortium
Authors: Attila Kumánovics, Yu Nee Lee, Devin W. Close, Emily M. Coonrod, Boglarka Ujhazi, Karin Chen, Daniel G. MacArthur, Gergely Krivan, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Jolan E. Walter
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
A phase 1/2 study of continuous infusion ifosfamide/mesna + aldoxorubicin in sarcoma patients.
Authors: Sant P. Chawla, Kamalesh Kumar Sankhala, Shanta Chawla, Victoria S Chua, Erlinda Maria Gordon, Neal Shiv Chawla, Kelli Sung, Scott Wieland, Daniel J. Levitt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e22547 Background: Ifosfamide (I)+ doxorubicin (D) is considered the most active treatment regimen for soft tissue sarcomas (STS). I is given as a 4-5 day infusion with D administered on Day 1 of each 21 day cycle and is associated with over 75% of patients developing severe neutropenia. Recently a 14 day continuous infusion (CI) regimen of I + mesna (M) appeared to be better tolerated but was still associated with 50% grade 3 or 4 neutropenias. Aldoxorubicin (A) is the albumin-binding prodrug of D that is released under acidic conditions. A demonstrated a significantly better response rate (RR), PFS and PFS at 6 months than D in patients with advanced STS. We have evaluated the safety, MTD and RR of the combination of I/M administered as a 14 day CI + A in patients with STS and skeletal sarcomas. Methods: 24 subjects (18-69 years) entered the study at either of 2 dose levels of A: 170 or 250 mg/m2 (125 or 185 mg/m2 D equiv.) administered on Day 1 of a 28 day cycle. I+M (1 g/m2of each per day) were given on either Day 1 or 2 of a 28 day cycle for up to 14 days as a CI via a portable pump. Subjects were followed for tumor response by CT scans every 8 weeks as well as adverse events, laboratory parameters, echocardiograms and treatment tolerability. Results: Of the 24 subjects, 18 are evaluable as of January 18, 2016. 50% of subjects had metastatic disease, 44% had prior surgery for their disease, 22% had prior radiation and 11 % had neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Subjects have received 2-13+ cycles of treatment. Both dose levels appeared to be reasonably well-tolerated and the MTD has not been reached. The most prevalent gr 3 or 4 AE was neutropenia (6/7 at 170 mg/m2; 4/11 at 250 mg/m2). Gr 3 or 4 anemia occurred in 3/7 subjects and 4/12 subjects at 170 and 250 mg/m2dose respectively. No neurtoxicity or nephrotoxicity occurred. 4 related SAEs were seen, including febrile neutropenia, tumor necrosis and CVA. Partial responses were observed in 7 /18 subjects, SD in 10/18 subjects and PD in 1/18 subjects. All PRs occurred in patients with STS (n = 16). No subject exhibited an LVEF < 50% at any time. Conclusions: I/M as a 14 day CI can be administered safely with increasing doses of A to patients with both STS and skeletal sarcomas. Responses are generally seen after 3-4 cycles and appear to be durable. Clinical trial information: NCT02235701.
18F-FDG PET/CT Evaluation of Ceritinib Therapy in Metastatic ALK-Positive Non–small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sebastien Dejust, David Morland, Guillaume Fabre, Alain Prevost, Dimitri Papathanassiou
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)–positive non–small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) account for 3% to 7% of all NSCLC and require a standard treatment by crizotinib. However, crizotinib resistance is frequent within the first 12 months of treatment. Ceritinib is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor of ALK recently introduced in France for metastatic or locally advanced crizotinib-resistant ALK NSCLC. We report the first use of ceritinib in our institution with a spectacular tumoral response after only 3 months of treatment. This case demonstrates the major role of 18F-FDG PET/CT for monitoring the effectiveness of this new treatment.
P54 Respiratory symptoms, lung function and quality of life in British foundry workers: Abstract P54 Table 1
Authors: RE Wiggans, L Lewis, J Sumner, E Robinson, L Bradshaw, A Codling, D Fishwick, CM Barber
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Foundry work is associated with exposure to potentially harmful substances that may cause occupational asthma (OA). <h3>Aim</h3> To record respiratory symptoms, lung function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in a group of exposed British foundry workers, and investigate their associations and causes. <h3>Method</h3> A workplace-based study was conducted, where participants were delivered a researcher-administered questionnaire in order to record individual job exposures, respiratory and general health, and HRQoL (the EQ-5D). Spirometry was performed using a ­­Ndd Easy on-PC Spirometer according to ATS/ERS guidelines. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE<sub>NO</sub>) was measured using a NOBreath device to ATS standards. <h3>Results</h3> 351 (65%) of a possible 539 workers participated. 350 (99.7%) were men, with a mean age of 42.4 (SD 12.5) years. The average length of employment in the foundry industry was 14.8 (SD 12.7) years. Twenty-one (6%) workers self-reported a diagnosis of current asthma, and six (1.7%) self-reported COPD. 139 (40%) participants had at least one respiratory symptom, of which wheeze was the most prevalent (n = 114, 33%). One-in-five participants reported work-related respiratory symptoms (WRRS) (n = 69, 20%), of which work-related cough was the most prevalent (n = 45, 13%; Table 1). Significantly more workers reporting WRRS were ever smokers (chi squared = 5.1, p = 0.02). 155 (44%) workers had a FE<sub>NO</sub> above 25 ppb, the suggested ATS cut off for a low probability of eosinophilic airway inflammation. No difference in FE<sub>NO</sub> was found between those with and without WRRS (chi squared for FE<sub>NO </sub>above or below 25 ppb = 1.50, p = 0.22). However, WRRS were associated with significantly lower mean scores on the EQ-5D visual analogue scale (VAS; 77 vs 84, p = 0.001, 95% CI 2.89 – 11.01). In contrast, no difference in VAS was observed between those with and without an obstructive lung defect (FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC &lt;0.7), (mean 83 vs 82, p = 0.63, 95% CI -5.48 – 3.33). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Work-related respiratory symptoms among foundry workers were common and associated with impaired HRQoL. More work is required to better understand the cause of such symptoms in foundry workers, and their relationship with workplace exposures.
Survival of Del17p CLL Depends on Genomic Complexity and Somatic Mutation
Authors: Lijian Yu, Haesook T. Kim, Siddha N. Kasar, Parul Benien, Wei Du, Kevin Hoang, Andrew Aw, Bethany Tesar, Reina Improgo, Stacey M. Fernandes, Saranya Radhakrishnan, Josephine L. Klitgaard, Charles Lee, Gad Getz, Sunita R. Setlur, Jennifer R. Brown
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) with 17p deletion typically progresses quickly and is refractory to most conventional therapies. However, some del(17p) patients do not progress for years, suggesting that del(17p) is not the only driving event in CLL progression. We hypothesize that other concomitant genetic abnormalities underlie the clinical heterogeneity of del(17p) CLL. Experimental Design: We profiled the somatic mutations and copy number alterations (CNA) in a large group of del(17p) CLLs as well as wild-type CLL and analyzed the genetic basis of their clinical heterogeneity. Results: We found that increased somatic mutation number associates with poor overall survival independent of 17p deletion (P = 0.003). TP53 mutation was present in 81% of del(17p) CLL, mostly clonal (82%), and clonal mutations with del(17p) exhibit shorter overall survival than subclonal mutations with del(17p) (P = 0.019). Del(17p) CLL has a unique driver mutation profile, including NOTCH1 (15%), RPS15 (12%), DDX3X (8%), and GPS2 (6%). We found that about half of del(17p) CLL cases have recurrent deletions at 3p, 4p, or 9p and that any of these deletions significantly predicts shorter overall survival. In addition, the number of CNAs, but not somatic mutations, predicts shorter time to treatment among patients untreated at sampling. Indolent del(17p) CLLs were characterized by absent or subclonal TP53 mutation and few CNAs, with no difference in somatic mutation number. Conclusions: We conclude that del(17p) has a unique genomic profile and that clonal TP53 mutations, 3p, 4p, or 9p deletions, and genomic complexity are associated with shorter overall survival. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 735–45. ©2016 AACR.
A Constitutively-Active ABL Family Kinase, TEL-ARG, Induces Lethal Mastocytosis through Sensitizing Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells to IL-3
Authors: Asumi Yokota, Hideyo Hirai, Tsukimi Shoji, Taira Maekawa, Keiko Okuda
Journal: Blood (2015)
Market Reforms for the Health Care System
Authors: Joseph T. Massoud
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I am amused by the apparent confusion Dr Ginzberg<sup>1</sup>is trying to create in the health care system reform arena by only focusing on financing and capacity. We are dealing with a control crisis. It is well known that the markets in a purely capitalistic society are cruel. The private sector historically participates in areas in which the perceived risks are balanced with appropriate compensation, otherwise known as profits. It is at that point that society, through its governmental institutions, can address those individuals who "fall between the cracks." Ginzberg correctly states that government finances about half of the medical care in the United States. However, this does not mean that government bureaucrats have the right to establish their own hospitals, clinics, and other assorted monuments without first placing the provision of these services out to bid with the private sector. Much of the health care problem