tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Obesity and Airway Dysanapsis in Children with and without Asthma
Authors: Erick Forno, Daniel J. Weiner, James Mullen, Gregory Sawicki, Geoffrey Kurland, Yueh Ying Han, Michelle M. Cloutier, Glorisa Canino, Scott T. Weiss, Augusto A. Litonjua, Juan C. Celedón
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

For unclear reasons, obese children with asthma have higher morbidity and reduced response to inhaled corticosteroids.To assess whether childhood obesity is associated with airway dysanapsis (an incongruence between the growth of the lungs and the airways) and whether dysanapsis is associated with asthma morbidity.We examined the relationship between obesity and dysanapsis in six cohorts of children with and without asthma, as well as the relationship between dysanapsis and clinical outcomes in children with asthma. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for each cohort and in a combined analysis of all cohorts; longitudinal analyses were also performed for cohorts with available data. Hazard ratios (HRs) for clinical outcomes were calculated for children with asthma in the Childhood Asthma Management Program.Being overweight or obese was associated with dysanapsis in both the cross-sectional (OR, 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.62-2.35 [for overweight/obese compared with normal weight children]) and the longitudinal (OR, 4.31; 95% CI, 2.99-6.22 [for children who were overweight/obese at all visits compared with normal weight children]) analyses. Dysanapsis was associated with greater lung volumes (FVC, vital capacity, and total lung capacity) and lesser flows (FEV1 and forced expiratory flow, midexpiratory phase), and with indicators of ventilation inhomogeneity and anisotropic lung and airway growth. Among overweight/obese children with asthma, dysanapsis was associated with severe disease exacerbations (HR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.38-2.75) and use of systemic steroids (HR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.02-5.14).Obesity is associated with airway dysanapsis in children. Dysanapsis is associated with increased morbidity among obese children with asthma and may partly explain their reduced response to inhaled corticosteroids.
Reply to the letter to the editor ‘Utilisation of the ESMO-MCBS in practice of HTA’ by Wild et al.
Authors: N.I. Cherny, R. Sullivan, U. Dafni, J. Bogaerts, J.M. Kerst, C. Zielinski, M.J. Piccart, E.G.E. de Vries
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Quality of Care
Authors: Sanford R. Hoffman
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The Editorial by Chassin 1 is timely and has some very interesting comments. However, I find it somewhat dismaying that the editors of JAMA would give voice to an individual who represents a proprietary corporation without at least putting this information into a brief explanation about the author's possible bias so that the readers would have full information on his background.  I would also like to point out to the editors that Chassin and the corporation he represents, Value Health Sciences, have promulgated a practice guideline system based on a consensus panel methodology. Value Health Sciences' practice guidelines are arrived at by using supposedly pertinent literature regarding the clinical conditions for which the panelists devise the guidelines. This seems to contradict the second essential criterion for measuring quality in the article.  Chassin discusses a specific process of care bearing a proven or well-accepted relationship to a health
Don't mistake it as a polyp!
Authors: Lim Tian-Zhi, Faith Leong Qi Hui, Ker-Kan Tan
Journal: Gut (2016)

A middle-aged woman first presented with vague abdominal symptoms of bloatedness and change in bowel habits. Physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. A colonoscopic evaluation was performed, which demonstrated a possible appendiceal mass (figure 1). A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis was performed, which confirmed the bulky appendix (figure 2).



Figure 1 
Prominent appendiceal orifice, ileocecal valve.





Figure 2 
Bulky appendix exiting from the caecum.



In view of the indeterminate nature of the lesion and inability to rule out an underlying neoplastic process, the patient …
A phase II, randomized trial using the small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor lapatinib as a first-line treatment in patients with FISH positive advanced or metastatic breast cancer
Authors: H. L. Gomez, M. A. Chavez, D. C. Doval, L. W. C. Chow, B. A. Wood, M. S. Berger, G. W. Sledge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3046 Background: Phase I and II studies of lapatinib, an oral small molecule inhibitor of both ErbB1 (EGFR) and ErbB2 (Her-2/neu) kinase activity, suggested activity in metastatic breast cancer in a refractory setting. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of two dosing regimens of lapatinib as a first-line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer, centrally tested for ErbB2 amplification by FISH. Methods: Patients were randomly assigned to receive oral lapatinib as either a single daily dose of 1500mg, or 500mg twice daily. Eligible patients had tumors which amplified the ErbB2 gene and measurable disease (RECIST). Patients were not previously treated with trastuzumab in the metastatic setting, and those with any prior therapy for advanced or metastatic disease were excluded. The primary endpoint was response rate at Week 12, after which patients could choose to remain on treatment if no signs of progressive disease were observed. Response was defined by RECIST. Final enrollment of 130 patients is planned; an interim analysis is scheduled after 40 patients reach 12 weeks of treatment. Results: As of Nov. 2004, 29 patients were enrolled. Preliminary data on the first 13 patients randomized to treatment indicated that 5/13 had stage IIIb or IIIc disease, 8/13 had stage IV disease. Eight of 13 patients had an ECOG PS score of zero at baseline. No unexpected toxicity was reported thus far. A confirmed partial response was demonstrated in 5/13 (38%) patients. An additional 6/13 patients had stable disease for at least eight weeks, and 2/13 had progressive disease. Conclusion: Lapatinib appears well tolerated and shows evidence of activity in this FISH positive first-line patient population. These data support the emerging role of small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the treatment of patients with breast cancers exhibiting ErbB2 amplification. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline GlaxoSmithKline
Creation and assessment of a computerized modelling tool for optimizing planning of home and hospital-based phototherapy
Authors: P. Arzpayma, H. Jones, P. Harper, V. Knight, D. Shipley, C. Edwards, A.V. Anstey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

In the biological era, phototherapy remains an important treatment option for patients with psoriasis 1. However, for phototherapy to compete with new easy-to-administer drugs it must be convenient and accessible for patients 2. Of multiple factors impacting on patient acceptability of phototherapy, distance between home and the phototherapy unit is the most important 3.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression in Resected Lung Adenocarcinomas: Association with Immune Microenvironment
Authors: Tiffany G. Huynh, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Meghan J. Campo, Justin F. Gainor, Emine Bozkurtlar, Hironori Uruga, Ling Zhao, Maria Gomez-Caraballo, Aaron N. Hata, Eugene J. Mark, Michael Lanuti, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Mari Mino-Kenudson
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Complexities in Prognostication in Advanced Cancer
Authors: Amy J. Markowitz, Stephen J. McPhee
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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Impact of body mass index (BMI) on endocrine therapy in premenopausal breast cancer patients: An analysis of the ABCSG-12 trial.
Authors: G. Pfeiler, R. Königsberg, C. F. Singer, M. Seifert, P. C. Dubsky, H. Samonigg, V. Bjelic-Radisic, R. Greil, C. Marth, M. Gnant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

512 Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are effective as adjuvant endocrine treatment in breast cancer (BC) patients. According to the hypothesis that overweight patients have higher levels of aromatase enzyme availability, BMI might have impact on the efficacy of AIs. In this retrospective analysis of ABCSG-12, we investigated the influence of BMI on the effectiveness of adjuvant endocrine therapy (tamoxifen versus anastrozole in combination with goserelin) in premenopausal BC patients. Methods: ABCSG-12 examined the efficacy of ovarian suppression using goserelin (3.6 mg q28d SC) in combination with anastrozole (ANA) or tamoxifen (TAM) ± zoledronic acid (ZOL, (4 mg IV q6mo) in premenopausal women with endocrine-responsive BC. BMI was calculated using the prospectively collected data on patients's height and weight at study entry. BMI definitions of the WHO were used: normal 18.5-24.9 kg/m2; overweight: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, underweight BMI ≤ 18.5 kg/m2). Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method, results were compared by using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard modelling. Results: 1,111 (64.0%) patients were normal weight and 573 (33.0%) were overweight. Fifty-two (3.0%) underweight patients were excluded from further analyses. At a median follow-up of 5 years, overweight patients treated with ANA showed significantly shorter DFS (HR 1.60, 95%CI 1.064 2.412 p = 0.02) and OS (HR 2.284, 95%CI 1.217 4.289 p = 0.008) compared to normal weight ANA patients. No differences in DFS or OS were observed between overweight and normal weight patients treated with TAM (p = 0.62 and p = 0.77, respectively). In overweight patients, ANA led to shorter DFS and OS compared to TAM (HR 0.625 95%CI 0.387 1.009 p = 0.052, and HR 0.336 95%CI 0.149 0.76, p = 0.006, respectively), whereas there was no difference regarding DFS (p = 0.53) and OS (p = 0.67) in the group of normal weight patients. Conclusions: BMI significantly impacts on the efficacy of anastrozole plus goserelin but not tamoxifen plus goserelin in the adjuvant endocrine treatment of premenopausal breast cancer patients, probably through influencing aromatase availability in fat tissue. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca, Novartis AstraZeneca, Novartis AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Roche
Influenza epidemiology, vaccine coverage and vaccine effectiveness in children admitted to sentinel Australian hospitals in 2014: the Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN)
Authors: Christopher C Blyth, Kristine K Macartney, Saliya Hewagama, Sanjaya Senenayake, N. Deborah Friedman, Graham Simpson, John Upham, Tom Kotsimbos, Paul Kelly, Allen C Cheng
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

The Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN) is a sentinel hospital-based surveillance programme operating in all states and territories in Australia. We summarise the epidemiology of children hospitalised with laboratory-confirmed influenza in 2014 and reports on the effectiveness of inactivated trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV) in children. In this observational study, cases were defined as children admitted with acute respiratory illness (ARI) with influenza confirmed by PCR. Controls were hospitalised children with ARI testing negative for influenza. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated as 1 minus the odds ratio of vaccination in influenza positive cases compared with test-negative controls using conditional logistic regression models. From April until October 2014, 402 children were admitted with PCR-confirmed influenza. Of these, 28% were aged &lt; 1 year, 16% were Indigenous, and 39% had underlying conditions predisposing to severe influenza. Influenza A was detected in 90% of cases of influenza; influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was the most frequent subtype (109/141 of subtyped cases) followed by A(H3N2) (32/141). Only 15% of children with influenza received antiviral therapy. The adjusted VE of one or more doses of TIV for preventing hospitalised influenza was estimated at 55.5% (95% confidence intervals (CI): 11.6–77.6%). Effectiveness against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was high (91.6% , 95% CI: 36.0–98.9%) yet appeared poor against H3N2. In summary, the 2014 southern hemisphere TIV was moderately effective against severe influenza in children. Significant VE was observed against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09.
Sustained Responses and Resistance to Imatinib Mesylate in the First 173 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients Accrued by the SCREEN Multicenter Study: First Interim Report.
Authors: Paolo Vigneri, Fabio Stagno, Stefania Stella, Alessandra Cupri, Michele Massimino, Vittorio Del Fabro, Carla Consoli, Pietro Bonomo, Vincenzo Abbadessa, Maura Brugiatelli, Patrizia Guglielmo, Caterina Musolino, Rosanna Scimè, Mario Russo, Guido Pagnucco, Michele Rizzo, Maurizio Musso, Rosario Giustolisi, Angelo Messina, Francesco Di Raimondo
Journal: Blood (2009)
Altered Cortical Dynamics and Cognitive Function upon Haploinsufficiency of the Autism-Linked Excitatory Synaptic Suppressor MDGA2
Authors: Steven A. Connor, Ina Ammendrup-Johnsen, Allen W. Chan, Yasushi Kishimoto, Chiaki Murayama, Naokazu Kurihara, Atsushi Tada, Yuan Ge, Hong Lu, Ryan Yan, Jeffrey M. LeDue, Hirotaka Matsumoto, Hiroshi Kiyonari, Yutaka Kirino, Fumio Matsuzaki, Toshiharu Suzuki, Timothy H. Murphy, Yu Tian Wang, Tohru Yamamoto, Ann Marie Craig
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Experience of Using Mineral Water in the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Viral Hepatitis C with Concomitant Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: N.V. Dragomyretska, H.M. Izha, I.B. Zabolotna, M.V. Kalinichenko
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2016)

У статті доведено доцільність внутрішнього курсового прийому мінеральної води (у подвоєному режимі дозування) у комплексному лікуванні хворих на хронічний вірусний гепатит С із супутньою неалкогольною жировою хворобою печінки з метою покращення клінічного перебігу основного та супутньо­го захворювань, відновлення функціонального стану печінки, зменшення інсулінорезистентності.
A RT-qPCR Diagnostic System to Monitor Toca 511, a Cancer-selective Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Patients with Recurrent High-grade Glioma.
Authors: Erik Sudin, Zuguang Wang, Aprilgate Wang, Sara Weitz, Harwinder Sidhu, Aileen Shields, Joseph Chen, Malcolm Shields, Derek Ostertag, Arejas James Uzgiris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e13508 Background: Toca 511 (vocimagene amiretrorepvec) is an investigational retroviral replicating vector that encodes the transgene cytosine deaminase. Toca 511 is delivered by multiple routes and selectively infects and spreads in tumor cells. Subsequent oral administration of investigational extended-release 5-fluorocytosine results in formation of the antineoplastic drug 5-fluorouracil within infected tumors, killing cancer and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. This results in durable and selective immune activity against cancer in preclinical models. As it is the first replicating retroviral therapy to enter a clinical trial, monitoring patients for potential nonspecific viremia is critical. This study determines if Toca 511 can be detected in multiple body fluids to support Toca 5, a Phase 2/3 clinical trial in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (NCT01470794). Methods: Multiple lots of Toca 511 were spiked into a proprietary Tocagen Buffer (TB), SeraCon II basepool (BP; Siemens Healthcare-modified human plasma from SeraCare), saliva (SV), and urine (UR). Viral RNA was extracted from each matrix and analyzed using RT-qPCR, targeting the Toca 511 polymerase gene (pol). Stability of the virus in response to freeze-thaws and exposure to room temperature was also evaluated. Differences between biological matrices were determined through ANOVA. Results: Virus was detected in each matrix. There were no statistical differences between mean Cq of samples diluted in TB or BP (27.614 Cq in TB; 27.554 Cq in BP). Viral samples diluted in UR indicated a higher Cq (28.3743 Cq; P < 0.05), suggesting potential inhibition. Due to viscosity, SV samples required dilution prior to extraction. The effect of one, two, or three freeze-thaws, as well as incubation at room temperature up to 24 hours, did not affect mean Cq in any matrix. Conclusions: Toca 511 virus is stable and detectable when spiked into various biological matrices. However, UR may present qualities that can reduce detection. Together, the techniques and technologies comprising this method allow Toca 511 to be tracked and monitored for viremia post-administration in subjects with recurrent high-grade glioma.
DeVIC chemotherapy is effective for patients with refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Kazuya Okada, Kazuya Sakai, Hiroyuki Muranushi, Yusuke Okamoto, Hiroyuki Sugiura, Aki Sato, Takayuki Sato, Takeshi Maeda, Tatsuhito Onishi, Yasunori Ueda
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Phase II trial of imatinib, bevacizumab and cetuximab plus modified FOLFOX-6 in advanced untreated colorectal cancer
Authors: A. F. Sobrero, E. Bennicelli, A. Pessino, A. Guglielmi, S. Mammoliti, F. Caprioni, G. Fornarini, D. Comandini, S. Sciallero, F. Ansaldi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15030 Background: Imatinib inhibits PDGFR interfering with pericytes, the structural support to newly formed tumor blood vessels. It may thus synergize with bevacizumab. Microenvironment and tumor targeted agents along with chemotherapy could be a promising add-on approach. Methods: cetuximab 500 mg/m 2 , bevacizumab 5 mg/kg and modified FOLFOX-6 were given i.v. on day 1 and repeated every 2 weeks. Imatinib 400 mg/day per os was given continuously. Due to the cost and potential toxicity of the combination, the endpoint for this phase II study was very ambitious: at least 25% of complete response (medically or surgically achieved), lasting a minimum of 12 months in advanced untreated colorectal cancer patients with clearly unresectable disease. Results: Of 26 patients (16 with 1 site of disease), 17 completed the first 4 months of treatment according to the protocol, while 9 had to discontinue one biologic drug due to side effects (5 cetuximab, 3 imatinib and 1 bevacizumab). Grade 3–4 toxicity: diarrhea 12%, neutropenia 24%, skin rash 24%, hypersensitivity reactions 16%, asthenia 8%, neuro 8%. All patients were evaluable for response. Eleven responses ( 1 CR and 10 PR), 13 SD and 2 PD were observed, corresponding to 42% RR ( 95% CI = 23–61). The minimum follow up is 12 months; median PFS is 10 months. One patient among responders underwent radiofrequency ablation and 17 patients underwent surgery: 8 R-0, 3 R-1, 5 R-2 and one exploratory laparotomy. Major post surgical complications occurred in 5/17 patients. No evidence of macroscopic disease after the entire treatment plan was obtained in 13/26 patients: 12 surgical and 1 medical CR. Seven/13 were disease free at 6 months, but only 3 were still disease free at 12 months. ERCC1, ERCC2/XDP, GSTP1,TS,EGF, COX2, CYCLIN D, FCgR polymorphisms and K-RAS mutations were evaluated on all 26 patients, but no correlations were found with clinical outcome. Conclusions: The triple combination of biologics with modified FOLFOX-6 is feasible and tolerable as initial aggressive treatment. The primary endpoint of the study was not met . In fact the activity, 42% RR, was not outstanding and the high resectability rate, 69%, is misleading in the light of the short duration of the surgically induced CR. [Table: see text]
CD133-/CD15+cells as an important brain tumor initiating population in human pediatric medulloblastoma
Authors: Annebet van der Meulen, Kim Kampen, Knut Biber, Sjef Copray, Erik Boddeke, Eelco Hoving, Jan Jakob Mooij, Wilfred den Dunnen, Eveline de Bont
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)
Low-Value Health Care Services in a Commercially Insured Population
Authors: Rachel O. Reid, Brendan Rabideau, Neeraj Sood
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

sures address multiple clinical areas of professional consensus, but only represent a small portion of all low-value care delivered.Predictors of spending on other low-value services, especially those of controversial value, may differ.Efforts to reduce waste in health care may be bolstered by measure development efforts that focus on overtreatment, insurance designs that discourage overuse, and programs that target groups and regions at greater risk of low-value care.
High-Dose Cyclophosphamide In Combination With G-CSF Versus G-CSF Alone For Mobilization Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells After Induction Therapy Including Velcade, Cyclophosphamide and Dexacort
Authors: Noam Benyamini, Irit Avivi, Eldad J Dann, Tsila Zuckerman, Lavi Noa, Tami Katz
Journal: Blood (2013)