tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Measurement of Prostate-Specific Antigen in Serum as a Screening Test for Prostate Cancer
Authors: William J. Catalona, Deborah S. Smith, Timothy L. Ratliff, Kathy M. Dodds, Douglas E. Coplen, Jerry J.J. Yuan, John A. Petros, Gerald L. Andriole
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is secreted exclusively by prostatic epithelial cells, and its serum concentration is increased in men with prostatic disease, including cancer. We evaluated its usefulness in the detection and staging of prostate cancer.
Views of Managed Care — A Survey of Students, Residents, Faculty, and Deans at Medical Schools in the United States
Authors: Steven R. Simon, Richard J.D. Pan, Amy M. Sullivan, Nancy Clark-Chiarelli, Maureen T. Connelly, Antoinette S. Peters, Judith D. Singer, Thomas S. Inui, Susan D. Block
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Views of managed care among academic physicians and medical students in the United States are not well known. In 1997, we conducted a telephone survey of a national sample of medical students (506 respondents), residents (494), faculty members (728), department chairs (186), directors of residency training in internal medicine and pediatrics (143), and deans (105) at U.S. medical schools to determine their experiences in and perspectives on managed care. The overall rate of response was 80.1 percent.
A3.13 Investigating T-Cell Subsets in Lymph Node Biopsies of Autoantibody Positive Individuals and Early Arthritis Patients
Authors: TH Ramwadhdoebe, J Hähnlein, KI Maijer, J Boorsma, LJ van Boven, DM Gerlag, PP Tak, LGM van Baarsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease of unknown aetiology. Recent work has shown that systemic autoimmunity precedes inflammation of the synovium in RA patients. We developed a method to study the cellular composition of lymph nodes in the earliest phases of RA. <h3>Objective</h3> Cross-sectional analysis of the phenotype and functional characteristics of T cells from lymph nodes of individuals in different phases of rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Seven individuals with arthralgia but without any evidence of arthritis upon physical examination who were/but positive for IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) and/or anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA; RA risk group) and 7 DMARD and biological naïve RA patients were included in the study. All study subjects underwent ultrasound-guided inguinal lymph node biopsy. T cell subsets T-helper (Th)1, cytotoxic T cell (Tc)1, Th2, Tc2, Th17, Tc17, regulatory T cells (Treg) and follicular T cells (Tfh) were analysed by multi-colour flow cytometry. Cytokine profiles were determined after stimulation with Phorbol Myristate Acetate (PMA) and Ionomycin in the presence of Brefeldin A and Golgi Stop. We used directly labelled antibodies for CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, IFN-y (Th1/Tc1), IL-4 (Th2/Tc2), IL-17A (Th17/Tc17) foxp3, and IL-10 (Treg). <h3>Results</h3> Different T-helper cell subsets could be distinguished in the RA risk and arthritis group. An increase of CD4+IL-17A T cells (Th17; p = 0.04) and of CD4+IL-10 producing T cells (p = 0.014) could be observed in the early arthritis group compared to the RA risk group. Interestingly, a significant correlation between CD4+IL-10 producing T cells and ACPA titers (r = 0.78; p = 0.0016) and between CD4+IL-17A producing T cells and IgM-RF levels (r = 0.57; p = 0.04) was found when combining both study groups. In addition, within the RA risk group the levels of CD4+ IL-10 producing T cells correlated significantly with the TOTTJC28 (r = 0.8097; p = 0.03). Within the early arthritis group no significant correlations between T cell subsets and disease activity were found. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Flow cytometry analysis of cells collected using ultrasound-guided inguinal lymph node biopsy suggests an increase in activated T cells producing IL-17A and IL-10 in patients with early RA. Moreover, the number of these T cells correlates with autoantibody levels suggesting an important role of these T cells in the humoral autoimmune response. These data indicate that inflammatory changes in lymph nodes are present during the earliest phases of RA which may provide new insights in early immuno-logical changes associated with RA pathogenesis.
Abstract 1623: The nucleotide metabolizing enzyme dUTPase confers resistance to thymidylate synthase inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer cells
Authors: Peter M. Wilson, Melissa J. LaBonte, Robert D. Ladner
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chemotherapeutic agents which target the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) have demonstrated efficacy and seen wide-spread clinical implementation in a variety of tumor types for many decades. However, despite significant research efforts to date, little is known about the molecular pathways that regulate clinical response and resistance to TS-inhibiting agents including the fluoropyrimidines. Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most frequent sub-type. Several chemotherapeutic agents that target TS are currently employed in NSCLC treatment including capecitabine, S-1 and pemetrexed. Increased expression of TS is associated with resistance to TS-directed agents in a variety of tumor types including NSCLC. In this study, we analyzed the response of 4 NSCLC cell lines to TS-inhibition. All NSCLC cell lines analyzed demonstrated marked resistance to fluoropyrimidine treatment in the MTS growth inhibition assay despite the presence of TS-inhibited ternary complex. Subsequent analysis revealed that TS gene promoter activity, mRNA and protein expression is induced in NSCLC cell lines exposed to clinically relevant concentrations of 5-FU, FUdR and pemetrexed providing a rational explanation for the resistant phenotype. However, depletion of TS by RNA interference (RNAi) had no sensitizing effects to treatment with the specific TS inhibitor FUdR, suggesting that the induction of TS is not the major determinant of resistance. Conversely, depletion of the nucleotide metabolizing enzyme dUTPase by RNAi completely reversed resistance to FUdR in the MTS assay and potently inhibited colony formation in all 4 NSCLC cell lines analyzed. dUTPase depletion in combination with FUdR treatment was associated with increases in cytotoxic dUTP pools, DNA damage and apoptotic cell death. The results of this study indicate that depletion of dUTPase can rapidly sensitize NSCLC cells to otherwise non-lethal doses of a TS inhibitor. The clinical utility of a dUTPase inhibitor may have the potential to significantly increase antitumor activity in NSCLC patients treated with TS-directed agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1623.
Author’s reply: Trends in Human Leptospirosis in Denmark, 1980 to 2012
Authors: L B van Alphen, S Ethelberg, S Villumsen, K A Krogfelt
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Preview this article: Author’s reply: Trends in Human Leptospirosis in Denmark, 1980 to 2012, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/20/9/art21054-en-1.gif
Abstract P1-13-06: Breast cancer survival advantage with oral bisphosphonates use
Authors: Gad Rennert, Hedy S Rennert, Mila Pinchev, Keren Landsman, Flavio Lejbkowicz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Withdrawn by Author Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-13-06.
S27 MRC grade 2: is there a difference in activity and exercise capacity between COPD and healthy controls?
Authors: V. Warrington, K. Wagg, S. Harrison, S. Singh
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> COPD patients are often assessed by MRC scale and comparisons made to a healthy population. MRC grade of a healthy population is not usually reported and assumed to be 1, however this may not be accurate. The characteristics of COPD individuals with MRC grade 2 aren9t well defined and furthermore it has not been established if physical activity is impaired, compared to a similar healthy population. <h3>Aim</h3> To establish if there is a difference in activity and exercise capacity between COPD individuals and healthy controls, who all have assessed themselves as MRC grade 2. <h3>Methods</h3> We recruited 75 patients with COPD (prior to a rehabilitation intervention) and 22 healthy controls (target age 40–90 years), with a self-selected MRC of 2. They wore a SenseWear activity monitor (AM) for 12-waking hours for 2 weekdays. The AM records total energy expenditure (EE), step count and time spent above different MET levels. Demographic data were recorded, spirometry performed and participants completed 2 Incremental Shuttle Walk Tests (ISWT). Individuals with COPD completed an endurance shuttle walk test (set at 85% VO<sub>2</sub> peak, measured from ISWT) which is used to prescribe a walking programme, while wearing AM to determine their prescribed METS level. <h3>Results</h3> Abstract S27 table 1 shows baseline characteristics and between group differences for COPD individuals (42 males) and healthy controls (10 males). Adjusting for baseline age, step count and ISWT remained significant, (ANCOVA, p&lt;0.05). 9 (40.91%) healthy controls achieved the recommended 10 000 steps/day compared to only 6 (8.0%) COPD individuals. Although COPD individuals achieved more than 30 min of recommended moderate activity daily, they only achieved 24.07 (36.11) min of activity at an intensity above their individually prescribed METS level. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Exercise capacity and physical activity were significantly reduced in those with COPD compared to those with no respiratory disease, despite both groups categorising themselves as equally functionally limited on the MRC scale. This highlights the importance of interventions to increase physical performance for COPD individuals, especially for those who would not normally be referred to activity/exercise promotion schemes. Early intervention may help prevent the downward disability spiral commonly seen within respiratory disease and reduce functional decline.
CHARACTERIZATION OF BENIGN FROM MALIGNANT PRIMARY LUNG LESIONS USING In-lll ANTI-CEA MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY (MOAB).
Authors: Shakuntala Krishnamurthy, James F. Morris, Ruza Antonovic, W. Ted Galey, Aftab Ahamed, Rhonda Denney, Carol Duncan, Gerbail T. Krishnamurthy
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Krishnamurthy, Shakuntala; Morris, James F.; Antonovic, Ruza; Galey, W. Ted; Ahamed, Aftab; Denney, Rhonda; Duncan, Carol; Krishnamurthy, Gerbail T. Author Information
828 ROLE OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS SUBSTITUTIONS AND INTERLEUKIN 28B POLYMORPHISM ON RESPONSE TO PEGINTERFERON PLUS RIBAVIRIN IN A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF RESPONSE-GUIDED THERAPY
Authors: C.-H. Hung, T.-H. Hu, S.-N. Lu, J.-H. Wang, Y.-H. Yen, C.-H. Chen, C.-M. Lee, K.-C. Chang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
AB0161 Lymphatic Endothelial Progenitors Cells in Crohn's Disease and Spondyloarthropathy: A Link between Two Overlapping Diseases?
Authors: F. Bandinelli, A.F. Milia, E. Lastraioli, M. Manetti, I. Rosa, A. Arcangeli, M. Matucci Cerinic, L. Ibba Manneschi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The lymphatic system has been proposed as the possible link between inflammatory bowel disease and spondyloarthropathy (SpA), which both display lymphedema and lymphangiogenesis. Nevertheless, the role of the lymphatic system in the connection between SpA and Crohn9s disease (CD) still remains to be elucidated <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the circulating levels of lymphatic endothelial progenitors cells (L-EPC) and their possible correlation with disease duration and activity indices in SpA, CD and SpA associated with CD (SC). <h3>Methods</h3> Peripheral blood samples from patients affected by SpA (n=33), CD (n=25) and SC (n=20) and from 20 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were collected and used for quantification of circulating L-EPC. L-EPC were identified by FACS using anti-CD34 FITC-conjugated, anti-CD133 APC-conjugated and anti-VEGFR-3 PE-conjugated antibodies. L-EPC counts were reported as absolute number per 2x10<sup>5</sup> mononuclear cells and results were expressed as a percentage of total mononuclear cells. The correlation between L-EPC levels and disease duration (&lt; or &gt;10 years) and BASDAI for SpA or CDAI for CD was analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> The number of L-EPC was significantly increased in CD (mean 4.69% ±9.9, p&lt;0.004), SpA (9.24% ±11.2, p&lt;0.005) and SC (5.42% ±4.5, p&lt;0.01) patients compared with controls (2.0% ±1.89). In CD patients, a significant correlation was observed between L-EPC counts and disease duration, with significantly higher levels in earlier phases (p&lt;0.03). L-EPC levels did not correlate either with BASDAI nor with CDAI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The increase of L-EPC levels in SpA, CD and SC observed in our study clearly indicate an active mobilization of lymphatic cell precursors. In particular, in CD, L-EPC mobilization may be related to the lymphangiogenesis process occurring in the first phases of the disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4297
Error Sparks Scrutiny of Cervical Cancer Screening
Authors: T. Parkins
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Error Sparks Scrutiny of Cervical Cancer Screening Get access Tory Parkins Tory Parkins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 21, 3 November 1993, Pages 1718–1720, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.21.1718 Published: 03 November 1993
SP0134 Management of RA from the Beginning
Authors: D. Porter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> The treatment of newly diagnosed RA has evolved significantly over the last decade. New therapeutic modalities and strategies have emerged that have resulted in improved outcomes. Nonetheless, significant uncertainty remains about what constitutes optimal therapy, and important challenges remain: - patients should be treated intensively as part of a treat to target strategy, but which target should be selected? Should all patients be treated to the same target irrespective of prognostic indicators? - which DMARDs should be used, and in which combinations? Are step-up strategies as effective as other strategies? - should biologic drugs be used routinely in early RA? - what is the role of corticosteroids in the management of early RA? - both musculoskeletal ultrasound and MRI are more sensitive that plain radiographs. What is the role of imaging in directing treatment in early RA? - is stratified medicine a pipe dream, or can we expect 'personalised' approaches to treatment to become part of mainstream clinical practice? An overview of the management will summarise the current evidence base with respect to these (and other) questions. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> D. Porter Grant/research support from: Research funding for TASER study from Pfizer and Roche, Consultant for: BMS, Pfizer, Medimmune, Speakers bureau: Pfizer, Roche, Abbott, BMS, UCB, MSD
ROR-γ drives androgen receptor expression and represents a therapeutic target in castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Junjian Wang, June X Zou, Xiaoqian Xue, Demin Cai, Yan Zhang, Zhijian Duan, Qiuping Xiang, Joy C Yang, Maggie C Louie, Alexander D Borowsky, Allen C Gao, Christopher P Evans, Kit S Lam, Jianzhen Xu, Hsing-Jien Kung, Ronald M Evans, Yong Xu, Hong-Wu Chen
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
Shunt Imaging in a Complex Congenital Cardiomyopathy
Authors: EMMANUEL ITTI, ZOULIKHA MALEK, OVIDIU VANDICI, RAFIK KHETIB, MICHEL MEIGNAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 49-year-old woman with a complex congenital cardiomyopathy underwent pretransplantation evaluation for recently accentuated dyspnea and cyanosis, with an oxygen saturation rate of 78%, severe polycythemia (hematocrit, 64%), and atrial fibrillation. Cardiac catheterization confirmed end-stage cardiac failure, with a paradoxically low pulmonary pressure of 15 mmHg. The unusual myocardial uptake of Tc-99m macroaggregates was observed on a perfusion lung scan, which might be attributed to a bidirectional shunt of the complex cardiomyopathy.
Abstract 1733: p62/sequestosome 1 regulates caspase-8 activation by the Bcl-2 antagonist ABT-263 to enable crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis.
Authors: Shengbing Huang, Jae Myung Park, Chunrong Yu, Frank A. Sinicrope
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Autophagy and apoptosis regulate cancer cell viability in response to cytotoxic stress; however, the functional relationship between these processes is unclear. During autophagy, the multifunctional p62/sequestosome 1 protein shuttles ubiquitinated proteins to the lysosome. Previously, we found that ectopic p62 can promote chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Since Bcl-2 can regulate both autophagy and apoptosis, we determined whether ABT-263-induced apoptosis is regulated by p62. Methods: Human colorectal cancer cell lines (HCT116, DLD1) were incubated with ABT-263 (0-2 μM) and caspase cleavage (immunoblotting), caspase-8 activation (luminescence), apoptosis (annexin V labeling), and autophagy (localization of GFP-LC3 by confocal microscopy) were analyzed. Caspase-8 was suppressed by siRNA or using caspase-8-deficient Jurkat cells. P62 mutants were generated by site-directed mutagenesis. Caspase-8 self aggregation and colocalization with p62 were studied in cells with lentiviral mCherry-p62, transfected with a non-cleavable caspase-8 fused with fluorescent Venus proteins (BiFC). Results: We demonstrate that ABT-263 induces autophagy and a caspase-8-mediated apoptosis, shown using caspase-8 siRNA or caspase-8-deficient cells. Regulation of this process by p62 was demonstrated by the ability of ectopic p62 expression to enhance apoptosis and caspase-8 activation that were disrupted by mutations at p62 functional domains. In contrast, p62 shRNA was shown to attenuate ABT-263-induced apoptosis. ABT-263 treatment enhanced binding between caspase-8 and p62, and triggered caspase-8 self aggregation that colocalized with p62, shown by Biomolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay using confocal microscopy. Consistent with ectopic p62, accumulation of p62 by the lysosomal autophagy inhibitors, chloroquine or bafilomycin A1, enhanced ABT-263-mediated caspase cleavage. Conclusion: p62 can regulate caspase-8 self aggregation/activation by ABT-263 to enable crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. Citation Format: Shengbing Huang, Jae Myung Park, Chunrong Yu, Frank A. Sinicrope. p62/sequestosome 1 regulates caspase-8 activation by the Bcl-2 antagonist ABT-263 to enable crosstalk between autophagy and apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1733. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1733
RH-02 * A PILOT RCT ON THE EFFICACY OF HOME-BASED EXERCISE TO IMPROVE COGNITIVE FUNCTIONING IN GRADE II AND III GLIOMA PATIENTS
Authors: K. Gehring, M. Stuiver, G.-J. Rutten, M. Taphoorn, N. Aaronson, M. Sitskoorn
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Many patients with gliomas suffer from cognitive deficits. Recent findings indicate that physical exercise is effective in ameliorating cognitive decline, in particular in older adults and select neurological patient populations. Studies of exercise interventions in patients with cancer demonstrated to have beneficial effects on various measures of physical and mental well-being. This pilot randomized controlled trial investigates the efficacy of home-based exercise in improving cognitive functioning and self-reported mental well-being in glioma patients. Clinically stable patients with grade II and III glioma will undergo baseline neuropsychological testing, including questionnaires on cognitive symptoms, fatigue, sleep, mood and quality of life; and cardiorespiratory exercise testing (CPET) to determine room for improvement of physical fitness. Sixty patients will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio to the intervention group or active control group. Patients in the intervention group exercise 3 times per week for 6 months, during 20 to 45 minutes at an increasing intensity of 55 to 85% of their maximum heart rate. CPET-outcome (VO2peak) is used to tailor an individual, home-based exercise program. Participants wear heart rate monitors and are supervised by a physical therapist via internet and telephone. Patients in the active control group are advised to walk regularly. Neuropsychological test performance, physical fitness, and mental well-being are assessed again after 6 months. In November 2014, 30 patients are expected to be accrued. Six-month follow-up data on neuropsychological performance, physical fitness and self-reported mental well-being of the currently included 15 patients (12 intervention; 3 control group) will be available. Mean age of this group is 48.1 (±9.8) years; median time since surgery is 4.1 (0.7-14.7) years. Most of these participants are female (n = 11), and have a grade II glioma (n = 10). To our knowledge, this is the first study that evaluates the effects of an exercise intervention in patients with gliomas.
Case 14-2013
Authors: Richard T. Penson, Annekathryn Goodman, Whitfield B. Growdon, Darrell R. Borger, Susanna I. Lee, Esther Oliva
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 70-year-old woman was seen in this hospital because of vaginal bleeding. An endometrial-biopsy specimen showed a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm that was suggestive of mixed müllerian tumor (carcinosarcoma). A diagnostic and therapeutic procedure was performed.