tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract PD04-04: Cytokeratin-19 mRNA Positive Circulating Tumor Cells during Follow-Up of Patients with Early Breast Cancer: Prognostic Relevance for Late Relapse
Authors: ES Saloustros, M Perraki, S Apostolaki, E Politaki, S Agelaki, G Kallergi, A Xyrafas, V Georgoulias, DA. Mavroudis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract PURPOSE: We reported previously that the detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive circulating tumor cells (CTCs) after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer is associated with poor clinical outcome. Reliable prognostic markers for late disease relapse are not available. In this study we investigated the prognostic value of CTCs’ detection during the first 5 years of follow-up in predicting late disease relapse. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Blood was obtained from 281 patients with early breast cancer who had not experienced disease relapse during the first two years of follow up. CTCs were detected using a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for CK 19 mRNA after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy and every six months thereafter for a 5-year follow up period. Patients were classified into four groups based on the CTCs’ status during the first two years and the subsequent three years of follow up (persistently negative, persistently positive, negative turned to positive and the opposite). RESULTS: The vast majority of patients (92.9%) received some kind of hormonal therapy in addition to chemotherapy. Sixty-nine (24.6%) patients remained CTCs-free throughout the 5-year period. A change in CK-19 mRNA status was observed in 126 (44.9%) patients; 60 (21.4%) patients with initially CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs during the first 24 months turned CTC-negative afterwards while 66 (23.5%) patients who were initially CTC-negative became CTC-positive. Eighty-six (30.6%) patients remained persistently CK-19 mRNA-positive for the entire 5 years. After 94 months of median follow up (range: 51-147), the relapse rate for each of the above groups of patients is illustrated in the following table. Table 1: CTCs’ detection status and risk of late disease repapse. Compared to the persistently negative, only the group of CK-19 mRNA-persistently positive patients had a statistically significant higher risk of relapse (38.4% versus 7.2%, p&amp;lt; 0.001), shorter progression-free survival (not reached vs 135 months, P&amp;lt;0.001) and significant difference in overall survival (not reached vs 146 months, p=0.045). CONCLUSION: Persistent detection of CK-19 mRNA-positive CTCs in the blood during the first 5 years of follow up after adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with an increased risk of late disease relapse indicating the presence of chemotherapy-and hormonetherapy-resistant residual disease. This prognostic evaluation may be useful when deciding on subsequent adjuvant systemic therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD04-04.
Genome Database Goes (Mostly) Public
Authors: S. Jenks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Genome Database Goes (Mostly) Public Get access Susan Jenks Susan Jenks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 22, 16 November 1994, Pages 1664–1665, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.22.1664 Published: 16 November 1994
LOWER AVERAGE SYSTOLIC PRESSURE (&lt;140 MM HG) IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH IMPROVED OUTCOMES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AGED 60 OR GREATER: FINDINGS IN SUPPORT OF THE JNC-8 RECOMMENDATIONS
Authors: Peter M. Okin, Sverre Kjeldsen, Richard Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 4964: Transcriptional repression of <i>MYCN</i> is mediated by TAp63 in human neuroblastomas
Authors: Yusuke Suenaga, Yoshiki Kaneko, Mami Yamamoto, Daisuke Matsumoto, Tomoe Ichikawa, Toshiyuki Moritan, Takehiko Kamijo, Yohko Nakamura, Miki Ohira, Toshinori Ozaki, Akira Nakagawara
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract p53 is one of the major tumor suppressors and promotes apoptotic cell death by transcriptional activation of pro-apoptotic target genes. In malignant human tumors, however, its tumor suppressive activity is frequently inactivated by somatic mutation and/or chromosomal deletion. To enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in p53-deficient tumors, it is necessary to elucidate the p53-independent mechanisms of apoptotic cell death. Recently, we have shown that TATA-binding protein-like protein (TLP) transactivates one of p53 family members, TAp63, and induces apoptosis in a p53-independent manner. In response to DNA damage by etoposide, TLP is induced to translocate from cytoplasm to nucleus and enhance promoter activity of TAp63 through direct recruitment onto the promoter. TAp63 stimulated by TLP promotes apoptotic cell death in Hep3B cells null for the p53 alleles. The expression levels of TLP mRNA in human primary non-small lung cancers is low compared with corresponding normal tissues and the downregulation is significantly correlated with low levels of TAp63 and poor outcome of patients’ survival. These results suggest the potential for TLP-TAp63 pro-apoptotic pathway as a therapeutic target for malignant lung cancers. In this study, we analyzed expression of p53 family genes in 106 primary neuroblastomas using quantitative real time RT-PCR, and found that the levels of only TAp63 expression was significantly high in favorable neuroblastomas as compared with unfavorable tumors (p=0.00696) and that its expression was inversely correlated with MYCN expression (p=0.0350). MYCN oncogene is frequently amplified and overexpressed in unfavorable neuroblastoma, and in vitro studies have demonstrated that downregulation of MYCN is the critical steps for neuronal cell death induced by retinoic acids (RA) regardless of p53 status in tumors. However, the precise molecular mechanisms of the down-regulation of MYCN by RA have not been elusive. Intriguingly, TLP and TAp63 are induced in response to RA treatment and TAp63 directly represses MYCN transcription. In addition, RA treatment also inhibits positive auto-regulation of MYCN, leading to further down-regulation of MYCN mRNA levels. Collectively, our results suggest that TAp63 is highly expressed in favorable neuroblastomas and contributes to repression of MYCN by RA treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4964.
INSULIN TREATMENT OF PSYCHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: LENORE BOLING, WILLIAM RYAN, MILTON GREENBLATT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

Of 73 psychotic patients treated with insulin, alternate patients received deep and light insulin coma therapy. The therapeutic results were evaluated in terms of immediate clinical and psychological improvement and follow-up study. By the criteria used in these evaluations, no difference was found between the results of light and deep insulin coma therapy.
Abstract C69: Ontogenetic switches in activity and location of multidrug efflux transporters during embryonic development
Authors: Amro Hamdoun, Joseph Campanale, Tufan Gokirmak, Lauren Shipp, Kristen Whalen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Multidrug resistance, mediated by ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters, is a major obstacle to the treatment of metastatic cancer. This phenomenon has eluded treatment by direct pharmacological inhibition of the multidrug transporters responsible for resistance. An alternative strategy could be to control drug resistance by targeting the cellular regulation of insertion and retrieval of transporters from the plasma membrane. However, the pleiomorphic nature of cancer cells and tumors complicates the identification of core machinery involved in regulation of transporter dynamics. Embryos have natural, rapid switches in multidrug efflux activity, coincident with the normal reorganization of cell surfaces at fertilization and at epithelial to mesenchymal transitions. We are focusing on two major changes in surface organization and transport activity occurring during the first 24 hours of sea urchin development. As basal deuterostomes, the branch of evolution leading to vertebrates, sea urchins provide a tractable system in which core machinery regulating multidrug efflux transporters can be manipulated and characterized. The first occurs at fertilization and involves the activation of transport by shortrange, actin-dependent translocation of ABCB1a (aka P-gp, MDR1). Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy reveals that transporters move to the to the distal tips of microvilli, possibly to overcome diffusive limits in the boundary layer between microvilli. The second switch in activity is a selective downregulation of multidrug efflux transport that occurs in germline progenitors of these animals and results in long-term reduction of transport. It is mediated by endocytosis of the proteins in those cells coincident with changes in apicobasal cell polarity. We are currently investigating the sequence of events that leads to pump retrieval in these cells. The implications of this work are new insights into the molecular switches that govern acquisition and loss of transporter-mediated drug resistance during differentiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr C69.
P252 Gold Category And Optimal Management : A Canadian Perspective
Authors: K. Safka, L. McIvor, A. McIvor
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Hypothesis</h3> Current Canadian guidelines and GOLD strategy for COPD management provide a treatment algorithm based on current symptoms and exacerbation history. We wished to assess COPD patient current objective, subjective symptoms, quality of life and exacerbation history of a random sample in primary care and office based chest medicine clinics. A convenience sample of 500 was selected. <h3>Results</h3> We report the characteristics of the first 250 COPD patients from our ongoing 500 patient survey. <h3>Basic demographics</h3> 55% Male, 45% Female. Mean age patients 68 ± 12 yrs, all patients were previous smokers with 56 ± 10 pkt/yrs smoking history. 34% remain current smokers. Mean FEV1 48% ± 10%, Mean FEV1/FVC ratio 49% ± 10. Median mMRC dyspnea score 2. Mean CAT score 18 ± 10 (Range 0–38). GOLD Stage Classification 13% GOLD Stage A, 67% GOLD Stage B, 1% GOLD Stage C and 19% GOLD Stage D. <h3>Current treatment</h3> LAMA (long-acting muscarinic antagonist) was prescribed to over 90% of all patients in groups B, C and D whereas monotherapy with LABA (long acting beta-agonist) or dual bronchodilation with LABA/LAMA therapy was prescribed to less than 5%. There was significant overtreatment with ICS/LABA in all categories with high dose ICS (inhaled corticosteroid) being preferred. 20% of patients in GOLD Stage A where receiving Triple therapy (LAMA + ICS/LABA) and a further 20% where receiving monotherapy with ICS/LABA, yet had no history of exacerbations. 30% of patients in GOLD Stage B where receiving Triple therapy (LAMA + ICS/LABA) yet had no history of exacerbations. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Current Canadian Guidelines and the GOLD strategy focus on symptom relief and striving to prevent exacerbations with step-wise prescription of short and long-acting bronchodilators with individual or combinations of LAMA, LABA, LAMA/LABA or ICS/LABA inhalers. Patients in GOLD Group C are rare. Current prescription choices in our survey does not reflect current evidence or guidelines. We report a heavy reliance on ICS/LABA along with over prescription of triple therapy at all stages of disease.
Colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection by using latex-band traction
Authors: Y. Tomiki, S. Ishiyama, K. Sugimoto, M. Takahashi, Y. Kojima, M. Tanaka, K. Sakamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Traction can help reduce the risk of complications in colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) [1] [2]. We have developed a latex-band traction system for colorectal ESD [2]. Traction uses a medical rubber band, named the “Latex Band,” which is 5 mm in diameter, 1 mm in width, and 200 µm in thickness (Okamoto Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The 4 – 0 green nylon thread was passed through a latex band and looped ([Fig. 1 a]). The latex band was attached to the endoclip arm (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) ([Fig. 1 b]). The endoclip was then set in a pair of forceps ([Fig. 1 c]).
A radical prescription for the Medical Council of India
Authors: Sanjay Nagral, Anita Jain, Samiran Nundy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Hope for a cure

In 2014, The BMJ launched a campaign against corruption that sparked global interest in the rampant practices of kickbacks for referrals, revenue targets in corporate hospitals, and capitation fees in private medical colleges in India.1 2 3 Change will take time, but a recent standing committee report to the Indian parliament provides reassurance. In a scathing indictment, the committee lays bare the Medical Council of India’s (MCI) failure to oversee quality and integrity in health services in the country.4 5 Recognising the erosion of trust in doctors and inadequacies of the existing health system, the committee makes far reaching recommendations to revolutionise medical education and healthcare in India (box).

The MCI was established under the Indian Medical Council Act 1933 and given responsibility for maintaining standards of medical education, providing ethical oversight, maintaining the medical register, and, through amendments in 1993, sanctioning medical colleges.6 It has, however, been much criticised and was temporarily dissolved in 2010 after charges of corruption.7

The MCI is also guilty of inaction on numerous ethical transgressions that accompany healthcare in India and of hounding whistleblowers who …
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided vascular therapy: is it safe and effective?
Authors: J.-M. Gonzalez, C. Giacino, M. Pioche, G. Vanbiervliet, S. Brardjanian, P. Ah-Soune, V. Vitton, J.-C. Grimaud, M. Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Recent developments in therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) have enabled new approaches to the management of refractory gastrointestinal bleeding, including EUS-guided sclerotherapy and vessel embolization. Few cases have been reported in the literature. Eight patients were admitted for severe, refractory gastrointestinal bleeding, seven of whom were actively bleeding. Causes of bleeding were gastric varices secondary to portal hypertension (n = 3); gastroduodenal artery aneurysm or fundal aneurysmal arterial malformation (n = 3); and Dieulafoy's ulcer (n = 2); the latter five patients having arterial bleeding. During the procedures, the bleeding vessel was punctured with a 19-gauge needle then injected with a sclerosing agent (cyanoacrylate glue [n = 6] or polidocanol 2 % [n = 2]) under Doppler control. The median follow-up time was 9 months (3 - 18 months). In all 10 endoscopic procedures were performed. The procedure was successful at the first attempt in seven out of eight patients (87.5 %). No clinical complications were observed, although in one case there was diffusion of cyanoacrylate in the hepatic artery. The seven successful cases all showed immediate and complete disappearance of the Doppler flow signal at the end of the procedure. This retrospective study highlights the utility of EUS-guided vascular therapy. However, more large randomized studies should be conducted to confirm these results.
Abstract 4728: Genome-wide analysis of genetic alterations in seminoma using high resolution single Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays
Authors: Cynthia LeBron, Prodipto Pal, Mariana Brait, Santanu Dasgupta, Leendert HJ Looijenga, George Netto, David Sidransky, Mohammad Hoque
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT's) represent the most common malignancy among young males between the ages 15-40 years. Many genomic alterations have been observed in testicular cancer, however very few of these alterations have been associated with deregulation of gene function. The impact of CNVs on cancer susceptibility and tumor progression is only recently been explored in different cancer types. To our knowledge no comprehensive studies of testicular cancer using high-resolution SNP array have been performed, partially due to the rarity of this disease and low resolution of previous cytogenetic techniques. To identify new genomic alterations we performed a genome-wide analysis of copy-number changes and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 24 seminomas and validated our findings by a complementary approach. We have also confirmed the several previously reported genomic alterations in seminoma and discovered eight novel genomic alterations including amplifications and homozygous deletions. Moreover, a comparison of genomic alterations of early stage and late stage identified CNV that correlate with progression which included deletions in chromosome 4q, 5p, 9q, 13q and 20p and amplifications in chromosomes 9q and 13q. CNV aberrations for candidate genes within selected regions these regions were further validated using quantitative PCR (QPCR). 40-75% correlation was observed between CNV by SNP analysis and QPCR. In conclusion, SNP microarrays are a valuable tool to measure and identify genomic alterations in seminoma, and we identified several genomic alterations, which may help pinpoint cancer causing genes and strengthen our understanding the biology of seminoma. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4728.
Field and Laboratory Studies on Equine Encephalitis
Authors: Roy F. Feemster, Ralph E. Wheeler, Joan B. Daniels, Harold D. Rose, Morris Schaeffer, R. E. Kissling, Richard O. Hayes, E. Russell Alexander, Walter A. Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE epidemiologic and clinical features of human infections with the virus of eastern equine encephalomyelitis in Massachusetts have been described recently by Feemster.1 2 3 The present paper will discuss the research activities that have been carried on in the State since 1938 to throw light upon the possible reservoir hosts and vectors of the disease.At the time of the outbreak in horses and human beings in 1938 the only known laboratory vectors of the equine viruses were eight species of mosquitoes belonging to the aedes genus. Most of the laboratory experiments had been carried on with the western virus, but . . .
Abstract 2974: Combating breast cancer brain metastasis by targeting Src family kinases
Authors: Siyuan Zhang, Chenyu Zhang, Wen-Chien Huang, Frank J. Lowery, Suyun Huang, Kenneth D. Aldape, Patricia S. Steeg, Dihua Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Among 1.3 million women diagnosed with breast cancer every year, 10-16% will develop brain metastases. The median survival of patients with brain metastases is less than one year. A most challenging problem is no effective treatment for patients with refractory metastatic breast cancer to the brain. Therefore, novel and effective therapeutic approaches are urgently needed for this population. Recently, our retrospective analyses revealed a significant up-regulation of Src family kinase (SFK) in breast cancer brain metastasis lesions compared with primary tumors. Additionally, HER2-overexpressing breast cancers with Src activation have a higher incidence of brain metastasis. Thus, we hypothesize that activation of SFK plays a critical role in promoting breast cancer brain metastasis. Aims and Methodology: The major aims of this project are: 1) study the role of Src activation in breast cancer brain metastasis; 2) investigate the pre-clinical efficacy of combination Src inhibitor and HER2-targeting therapy Lapatinib in treatment of brain metastasis. We used HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell line models, in vitro assays of metastasis-properties, and in vivo brain metastasis mouse model (intracarotid artery injection) to test our hypothesis. Results and Conclusions: Src activity is up-regulated in both brain-seek cells lines and human brain metastasis tumors when compared to either parental cells lines or primary breast cancers respectively. To test the role of Src activation in brain metastasis, we established stable cells lines with constitutive-activation of Src. The Src activation enhanced the tumor cell trans-blood brain barrier migration in vitro. Src activation in cells led to a higher brain metastasis incidence in vivo after intracarotid artery injection. We treated Src-activated brain metastasis in vivo with a Src inhibitor saracatinib, a drug under Phase II clinical trial. This Src-targeting treatment decreased the overall incidence of brain metastasis. Combining sarcatinib with EGFR-HER2 dual-targeting agent lapatinib further prolonged the overall survival of tumor bearing mice and significantly inhibited both micro- and macro-metastasis. In summary, novel SFK targeting regimens may be developed as promising therapies for breast cancer patients with brain metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2974. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2974
Lymphoma and Tuberculosis
Authors: Anirban Mukherjee, Punit Sharma, Sellam Karunanithi, Varun Singh Dhull, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Tuberculosis can often be seen in patients undergoing chemotherapy for lymphoma, especially in endemic countries. As both tuberculosis and lymphoma can lead to hypermetabolic lesions of 18F-FDG PET/CT, a diagnostic dilemma often ensues. We present the sequential 18F-FDG PET/CT images of a 22-year-old female patient with Hodgkin lymphoma who developed tuberculosis and later relapse of lymphoma. These images present the temporal evaluation of the dual pathology on 18F-FDG PET/CT.