tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ablation of Perlecan Domain 1 Heparan Sulfate Reduces Progressive Cartilage Degradation, Synovitis, and Osteophyte Size in a Preclinical Model of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cindy C. Shu, Miriam T. Jackson, Margaret M. Smith, Susan M. Smith, Steven Penm, Megan S. Lord, John M. Whitelock, Christopher B. Little, James Melrose
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To investigate the role of the heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan perlecan (HSPG-2) in regulating fibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity, bone and joint growth, and the onset and progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (OA) in a mouse gene-knockout model.Maturational changes were evaluated histologically in the knees of 3-, 6-, and 12-week-old wild-type (WT) mice and Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice (Hspg2 lacking domain 1 HS, generated by ablation of exon 3 of perlecan). Cartilage damage, subchondral bone sclerosis, osteophytosis, and synovial inflammation were scored at 4 and 8 weeks after surgical induction of OA in WT and Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice. Changes in cartilage expression of FGF-2, FGF-18, HSPG-2, FGF receptor 1 (FGFR-1), and FGFR-3 were examined immunohistochemically. Femoral head cartilage from both mouse genotypes was cultured in the presence or absence of interleukin-1α (IL-1α), FGF-2, and FGF-18, and the content and release of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) for key matrix molecules, enzymes, and inhibitors were quantified.No effect of perlecan HS ablation on growth plate or joint development was detected. After induction of OA, Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice had significantly reduced cartilage erosion, osteophytosis, and synovitis. OA-induced loss of chondrocyte expression of FGF-2, FGF-18, and HSPG-2 occurred in both genotypes. Expression of FGFR-1 after OA induction was maintained in WT mice, while FGFR-3 loss after OA induction was significantly reduced in Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice. There were no genotypic differences in GAG content or release between unstimulated control cartilage and IL-1α-stimulated cartilage. However, IL-1α-induced cartilage expression of Mmp3 mRNA was significantly reduced in Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice. Cartilage GAG release in either the presence or absence of IL-1α was unaltered by FGF-2 in both genotypes. In cartilage cultures with FGF-18, IL-1α-stimulated GAG loss was significantly reduced only in Hspg2(Δ3-/Δ3-) mice, and this was associated with maintained expression of Fgfr3 mRNA and reduced expression of Mmp2/Mmp3 mRNA.Perlecan HS has significant roles in directing the development of posttraumatic OA, potentially via the alteration of FGF/HS/FGFR signaling. These data suggest that the chondroprotection conferred by perlecan HS ablation could be attributed, at least in part, to the preservation of FGFR-3 and increased FGF signaling.
Utility of Tc-99m GSA whole-body scintigraphy in detecting bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: KOZO SUEYOSHI, ISAMU NARABAYASHI, TAIZO ARATANI, KENJI DOI, TSUYOSHI KOMORI, YASUHARU OGURA, KEITA UTSUNOMIYA, TADAFUMI SHIMIDZU
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Recent advances in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have prolonged patient survival. However, the number of patients with bone metastases identified during follow-up examinations has increased. Tc-99m Sn-N-pyridoxy-5-methyltryptophan (Tc-99m PMT) has been reported to accumulate at a high rate in HCC lesions and bone metastases. In the patient described here, whole-body scintigraphy showed accumulation of DTPA galactosyl human serum albumin (Tc-99m GSA) and Tc-99m PMT in bone metastases from HCC. The authors suggest that asialoglycoprotein receptors may be present in bone metastases from well-differentiated HCC. Tc-99m GSA whole-body imaging can be used to detect bone metastases from HCC and to evaluate hepatic reserve.
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
Authors: I A Pion, W Slue
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Figure 1. A 40-year-old man was hospitalized after the development of toxic epidermal necrolysis on his chest (Panel A). The condition developed three weeks after the initiation of treatment with phenytoin and progressed caudally during a period of three days, involving 50 percent of the skin surfaces, as well as his fingernails (Panel B). The eruption stopped progressing within 48 hours after the phenytoin had been withdrawn. The erythema gradually abated, the erosions healed, and the patient was discharged two weeks later.
Adjuvant capecitabine plus bevacizumab versus capecitabine alone in patients with colorectal cancer (QUASAR 2): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial
Authors: Rachel S Kerr, Sharon Love, Eva Segelov, Elaine Johnstone, Beverly Falcon, Peter Hewett, Andrew Weaver, David Church, Claire Scudder, Sarah Pearson, Patrick Julier, Francesco Pezzella, Ian Tomlinson, Enric Domingo, David J Kerr
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2016)
Chemotherapy in metastatic lung cancer.
Authors: M D Goodyear
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.7.1150 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3723171 Chemotherapy in metastatic lung cancer. M D GoodyearxM D GoodyearSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.7.1150 First Page PDF © 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Premature Infants
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Patient Page is a public service of JAMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA suggests that you consult your physician.This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.To purchase bulk reprints, call 203/259-8724.
Psychiatric diagnoses of Cuban refugees in the United States: findings of medical review boards
Authors: P A Boxer, J T Garvey
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

To assess the reproducibility of psychiatric diagnoses made in immigration proceedings, the authors examined cases of 109 Cuban refugees who had appealed psychiatric diagnoses that precluded their admission to the United States according to the Immigration and Nationality Act. Medical review boards upheld only 23 (42%) of 55 initial diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder but affirmed exclusionary certifications in 39 (72%) of the 54 other cases. Failure to sustain a high proportion of diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder may reflect interviewer biases, cross-cultural inappropriateness of diagnostic criteria, or other deficiencies in the current system of psychiatric evaluation of potential refugees.
<i>Felis domestica</i>
Authors: Derek Robinson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

As the need for a good mouser has declined, the cat has assumed the privileges of a household pet. It is a recent and at times uneasy dependent. Descended from the Caffre cat of the Nile Valley, and accustomed to human society for a mere 5000 years, the cat still remains in many quarters an object of primitive suspicion. Yet the reasons for its frequently sinister reputation are not agreed to either by the different societies in which it is found or by those who revere or fear the cat. Cat was a goddess in Egypt, and was privileged to . . .
GPs told to end “chemical restraint” of people with learning disabilities
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

GPs have been urged to cut the number of inappropriate prescriptions of psychotropic drugs for people with learning disabilities.

New guidance from NHS England and the Royal College of General Practitioners encouraged GPs to review prescriptions for patients with learning disabilities or autism, and make sure that psychotropic drugs were only continued where the person posed a severe risk to themselves or others, and all other alternatives had been exhausted.1

According to a review of the prescribing of drugs to people with learning disabilities published last year, between …
AB0077 Leptin is Related with Inflammation and Metabolic Syndrome Features and Resistin with Disease Severity in Patients with Psoriasis Undergoing Treatment with Adalimumab
Authors: T. Pina Murcia, F. Genre, R. Lopez-Mejias, S. Armesto, B. Ubilla, V. Mijares, T. Dierssen-Sotos, A. Corrales, M. Gonzalez-Lopez, M.D.C. Gonzalez-Vela, R. Blanco, J. Llorca, M.A. Gonzalez-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Altered secretion patterns of proinflammatory adipokines may influence the increased risk of cardiovascular disease observed in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether two adipokines, leptin and resistin, correlate with metabolic syndrome features and disease severity in patients with psoriaisis. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study of consecutive non-diabetic patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who completed 6 months of therapy with adalimumab. Patients with kidney disease, hypertension or body mass index ≥35 kg/m<sup>2</sup> were excluded. Metabolic and clinical evaluation was performed at the onset of treatment and at month 6. <h3>Results</h3> 29 patients were assessed. A correlation between adiposity (waist circumference) and leptin was observed after 6 months of therapy: r=0.43; p=0.030. Leptin also correlated with blood pressure before therapy (systolic: r=0.48; p=0.013. Diastolic blood pressure: r=0.50; p 0.010). A marginally significant negative correlation between insulin sensitivity (QUICKI) and leptin levels was also observed. CRP levels correlated with leptin prior to the onset of adalimumab (r=0.45; p=0.020) and with resistin both before (r=0.45; p=0.020) and after six months of therapy (r=0.55; p=0.004). A positive association between parameters of disease activity such as BSA (r=0.60; p=0.001) and PASI (r=0.63; p=0.001) and resistin concentrations prior to the onset of adalimumab therapy was also disclosed. No significant changes in leptin and resistin concentrations before and after six month adalimumab treatment were seen. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis leptin correlates with metabolic syndrome and inflammation whereas resistin is associated with inflammation and disease severity. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Abbvie Inc. funded this study <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Warmth
Authors: William Rafelson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PWE-228 Patient and carer experiences of living with a jejunostomy feeding tube after surgery for oesophago-gastric cancer
Authors: V Halliday, M Baker, A Thomas, D Bowrey
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Home jejunostomy tube feeding (JTF) can be used to support patients following oesophago-gastric surgery in order to ameliorate nutritional deficits. Previous studies have explored the effects of gastrostomy tube feeding, but little is known about the personal impact of having a JFT. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore how patients and their carers experience living with a JFT post surgery for esophago-gastric cancer. <h3>Method</h3> Participants were purposively sampled from a cohort of patients recruited to a trial investigating home enteral nutrition versus standard care after oesophagectomy or total gastrectomy for cancer. The sampling framework considered age, gender and marital status. Partners and carers of those included were also invited to participate. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and anonymised. Inductive thematic data analysis involved the research team reading and re-reading the transcripts followed by initial coding and cross-checking. Sub-themes and themes were developed and then summarised. Data organisation and retrieval were managed using NVivo 10. <h3>Results</h3> Fifteen interviews (12 men) were conducted, lasting between 21 and 75 min. Eight interviews also included a partner or carer, all of whom were female. The mean age of the patients was 65.5 years (range 52 to 74 years) and most (67%) were married or co-habiting. All patients had a JFT placed at the time of surgery which had been used in the immediate postoperative period. Eleven had received artificial feeding post-discharge from hospital (duration of feeding 28 to 104 days). Interviews were conducted 2–3 months post surgery. Two main themes were identified, (1) Challenges and (2) Motivators of living with a JFT. Within these themes "Physical side effects", "Worries" and "Impact on routine" were the main challenges, while "Support", "Adaptation" and "Perceived benefit" were what motivated continuation of the intervention. All participants identified physical and psychosocial side effects related to having a tube, but the manner in which was expressed varied. Despite this, participants described how consistently well they coped, demonstrating high levels of compliance with stoma care and the feeding regimen. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A better understanding of the challenges of living with a JFT, and what motivates coping and compliance from the patient and carer perspective, may help health care teams provide proactive support to avoid preventable problems. Furthermore, this improved knowledge of what motivates patients to comply with a life-changing clinical intervention such as artificial feeding may provide valuable insight that can be used across other areas of health care. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> V. Halliday: None Declared, M. Baker: None Declared, A. Thomas Grant/ Research Support from: Fresenius-Kabi, D. Bowrey Grant/ Research Support from: Nutricia, Fresenius-Kabi.
Comparative Assessment of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Immunostaining and of Nucleolar Organizer Region Staining in Transitional Cell Carcinomas of the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Antigone Skopelitou, Penelope Korkolopoulou, Athanasios Papanicolaou, Panayota Christodoulou, Euphemia Thomas-Tsagli, Kitty Pavlakis
Journal: European Urology (1992)
A double-blind crossover pilot study of l-deprenyl (selegiline) combined with cholinesterase inhibitor in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: L S Schneider, J T Olin, S Pawluczyk
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The potential efficacy of oral l-deprenyl (5 mg b.i.d.) added to the regimen of 10 patients with Alzheimer's disease receiving either tacrine or physostigmine was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, 4-week, two-period crossover pilot study. l-Deprenyl was associated with significant improvement in scores on the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale, suggesting possible additive effects of l-deprenyl to the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors.
The multiple family group as a small society: family regulation of interaction with nonmembers
Authors: D Reiss, R Costell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors observed the interaction of 18 families, each of which contained at least 1 adolescent, for a period of 55 weeks. They found that changes in either the parents' or the adolescents' group participation levels were quickly matched by comparable changes in the other generation, suggesting a continuously operating family control mechanism governing participation of members in interaction with nonmembers.
Real-time laboratory surveillance of sexually-transmissible infections in Marseille University hospitals reveals rise of gonorrhoea, syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus seroconversions in 2012
Authors: P Colson, F Gouriet, S Badiaga, C Tamalet, A Stein, D Raoult
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Real-time systematic monitoring of the number of infections diagnosed in our clinical microbiology laboratory in Marseille recently drew attention to the fact that the incidence of gonorrhoea was 10-fold greater from September through December 2012 than during same months of previous years. We also found an increase in the annual incidence of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion. Our system allowed timely identification of an increase in sexually-transmitted infections in Marseille for the whole year of 2012.
Clostridium difficile: summary of actions in the European Union
Authors: C Suetens
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Since 2006, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) has been addressing the new CDI situation. Considering the worrying evolution of CDI in Northern America, reports of Type 027 CDI outbreaks in Belgium, The Netherlands and the UK in 2005, and the preliminary results of an EU-wide study conducted in 2005 by the ESCMID Study Group for C. difficile (ESGCD), ECDC convened a group of experts consisting of members of ESGCD, epidemiologists from healthcare-associated surveillance networks from the European Union (EU) and from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This ECDC working group recognised the emergence of a new CDI problem in some EU Member States and the potential for spread to other countries and decided to act.
AB0460 Remission After Discontinuation of Abatacept for Good Response: Results from the ORA Registry
Authors: F. Sagez, P. Ravaud, N. Afif, A. Benmansour, A. Constantin, E. Dernis, M. Dougados, R.M. Flipo, B. Jamard, J.L. Legrand, J. Morel, S. Redeker, C. Richez, C. Scotto, E. Solau-Gervais, I. Pane, X. Mariette, J.E. Gottenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Discontinuation of biologics is sometimes possible in recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis, but has not been evaluated in established rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of the study was to determine the proportion of discontinuation of abatacept for remission, characteristics of patients in remission and duration of biologic-free remission. <h3>Methods</h3> The ORA registry has included 1024 patients to study tolerance, efficacy, and drug retention of abatacept prospectively for 5 years. 992 patients had at least 1 follow-up visit. The reasons of discontinuation of abatacept are collected in the electronic CRF, as well as the initiation of a new biologic. The charts of patients having discontinued abatacept for remission for more than twelve months without initiation of a new biologic were analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> 10 patients (1.0/% of patients) discontinued abatacept for more than 12 months because of persistent remission. The discontinuation of abatacept was related to remission only (n=6 patients), remission and pulmonary infection (n=1), remission and occurrence of a monoclonal gammapathy (n=1) and remission and pregnancy (n=2). The median disease duration of rheumatoid arthritis before abatacept was 6 (1; 21) years. Nine of the 10 patients were positive for rheumatoid factor and/or anti-CCP. The patients had previously received a median of 1.5 (0;4) synthetic DMARDs and 1.5 (0;3) biologics. 7 patients received methotrexate concomitantly to abatacept. Median DAS 28 was 3.9 (2.5; 8.7) before abatacept. Median duration of treatment with abatacept was 25 (8;40) months with a median of 26 (7;42) infusions. The median duration of remission without a new biologic was 29.5 (12; 39) months. No biologic was reinitiated in 6 of the 10 patients, abatacept was reinitiated in 2 patients and tocilizumab was initiated in 2 patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results of the ORA registry demonstrate that only 1% of the patients included in the ORA registry discontinued abatacept for persistent remission. These patients had classical seropositive RA (9/10 patients). In this study, this remission was persistent without any new biologic in 6 out of the 10 patients. In half of the patients approximately, the discontinuation was not only related to the efficacy of the treatment but also to adverse event or pregnancy. Such life circumstances may give us the opportunity to try to discontinue abatacept in responders. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
General practice based interventions to prevent repeat episodes of deliberate self harm
Authors: A. J Mitchell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—The trial by Bennewith et al is illustrated by two striking pictures.1-1 One is on the front cover of the BMJ issue containing the paper reporting their trial and shows the forearm of somebody who has apparently cut himself or herself on several occasions. The other image, on the This week in the BMJ page, is more artificial—depicting somebody posed as if about to cut his or her wrist—but is still about self injury. There is an irony in these choices.

Firstly, self injury (as opposed to self poisoning) was almost certainly under-represented in the trial, in which 90% of subjects were recruited after self poisoning. Our own monitoring, and that of others, suggests that 20% of hospital attendances for self harm are due to self injury rather than to poisoning.

Secondly, although the authors indicate that there was no difference in outcomes according to method of self-harm, they do not indicate whether there was differential take up of the intervention. People who attend accident and emergency departments after self injury are more likely to leave early and less likely to receive a specialist psychosocial assessment. Their contacts with health professionals are accompanied by dissatisfaction on both sides, and it would be unsurprising if their uptake of the intervention were particularly low.

Self laceration induces a certain sort of fascination but not always much sympathy (as evidenced in at least one of the rapid responses to this paper). And yet those who harm themselves have characteristics that are associated with increasing rates of suicide in the United Kingdom (for example, younger men with alcohol or substance misuse are over-represented).

What this trial shows is that general practice is not the place to treat self injury. What current practice descriptions tell us is that mental health services are not doing well either. There is a need for new thinking in responses to self injury, which now accounts for some 30 000-40 000 hospital attendances a year in England and Wales alone.
Farewell to the cap or is there still an indication?
Authors: Vijay Kanakadandi, Amit Rastogi
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Colonoscopy continues to be the preferred method of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) in the United States. It has been shown to be effective in not only preventing CRC but also in decreasing mortality from this disease [1] [2] [3]. This protection rests on the premise that adenomas are premalignant lesions, and that their detection and removal during colonoscopy prevents the development of cancer. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is therefore considered to be an important quality indicator of colonoscopy and has been shown to be an independent predictor for the risk of developing interval colon cancer after screening colonoscopy [4] [5].