tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estimated aortic blood pressure based on radial artery tonometry underestimates directly measured aortic blood pressure in patients with advancing chronic kidney disease staging and increasing arterial stiffness
Authors: Rasmus K. Carlsen, Christian D. Peters, Dinah S. Khatir, Esben Laugesen, Hans Erik Bøtker, Simon Winther, Niels H. Buus
Journal: Kidney International (2016)

Central blood pressure (BP) can be assessed noninvasively based on radial tonometry and may potentially be a better predictor of clinical outcome than brachial BP. However, the validity of noninvasively obtained estimates has never been examined in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here we compared invasive aortic systolic BP (SBP) with estimated central SBP obtained by radial artery tonometry and examined the influence of renal function and arterial stiffness on this relationship. We evaluated 83 patients with stage 3 to 5 CKD (mean estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] 30 ml/min/1.73 m2) and 41 controls without renal disease undergoing scheduled coronary angiography. BP in the ascending aorta was measured through the angiography catheter and simultaneously estimated using radial tonometry. The mean difference between estimated central and aortic SBP was –13.2 (95% confidence interval –14.9 to –11.4) mm Hg. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and was significantly increased in CKD patients compared with (versus) control patients (mean 10.7 vs. 9.3 m/s). The difference in BP significantly increased 1.0 mm Hg for every 10 ml/min decrease in eGFR and by 1.6 mm Hg per 1 m/s increase in cfPWV. Using multivariate regression analysis including both eGFR and cfPWV, the difference between estimated central and invasive aortic SBP was significantly increased by 0.7 mm Hg. For the entire cohort brachial SBP significantly better reflected invasive SBP than estimated SBP. Thus, tonometry-based estimates of central BP progressively underestimate invasive central SBP with decreasing renal function and increasing arterial stiffness in CKD patients.
Triggering Violence in Psychosis
Authors: Jan Volavka
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Functional Implications of miR-19 in the Migration of Newborn Neurons in the Adult Brain
Authors: Jinju Han, Hyung Joon Kim, Simon T. Schafer, Apua Paquola, Gregory D. Clemenson, Tomohisa Toda, Jinseo Oh, Aimee R. Pankonin, Bo Suk Lee, Stephen T. Johnston, Anindita Sarkar, Ahmet M. Denli, Fred H. Gage
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Re: Tumor Angiogenesis as a Prognostic Assay for Invasive Ductal Breast Carcinoma
Authors: P. B. VERMEULEN, J. LIBURA, M. LIBURA, P. W. J. HELLEMANS, E. VAN MARCK, A. T. VAN OOSTEROM, L. Y. DIRIX
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)
P-087 A phase II study of a combination treatment of alternate-day S-1 and lentinan as first-line chemotherapy for unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer
Authors: S. Yoshino, T. Nishimura, K. Sakata, S. Yoshida, T. Furuya, T. Yamamoto, T. Kawaoka, R. Shimizu, T. Sato, K. Matoba, H. Morioka, M. Iida, N. Suzuki, S. Takeda, T. Ueno, S. Hazama, H. Nagano
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Experimental Studies of Factors Influencing Hepatic Metastases
Authors: Edwin R. Fisher, Bernard Fisher
Journal: Cancer Research (1962)

Effective reticuloendothelial stimulation produced by Proferrin prior to the intraportal injection of Walker carcinoma cells resulted in a twofold increase in the number of animals exhibiting artificially induced metastases. In addition, the degree of hepatic involvement with tumor was approximately twice as great in these animals as in untreated controls. Although similar reticuloendothelial stimulation resulted from appropriate injections of BCG or endotoxin, no effect on the incidence or degree of hepatic involvement by these lesions was observed. All agents utilized were associated with alterations of serum glutamic oxalacetic and/or pyruvic transaminases, but only Proferrin produced sinusoidal compression due to swelling of Kupffer cells. This information, together with the previously noted augmentation of such lesions observed following reticuloendothelial blockade, is considered as strong evidence against a functional role of the reticuloendothelial system in the process of metastases in the experimental model utilized. It also indicates the significance of sinusoidal compression with resultant trapping of tumor cells within the liver in accounting for the effects noted.
Goodbye to the European Working Time Directive?
Authors: Andrew F Goddard
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Not yet, and not without an act of parliament

The tornado that was the EU referendum has, for some, allowed the colourful possibility of overturning the unpopular European Working Time Directive (EWTD). This would, they claim, create a new era where UK trainees didn’t have to travel half a world away for a better working life. The supportive medical “firm” could be restored and teams could link arms and skip happily into a new future, or perhaps a nostalgic past.1

Before the European directive junior doctors worked very long hours, around 90 a week in the 1980s reducing to 72 with the 1991 junior doctors’ contract.2 These long hours allowed continuity of care, the presence of most members of the firm most of the time, and substantial clinical experience (or training as it was called then). Doctors lived on site, and work-life balance and measuring patient safety were abstract concepts.

The European Commission introduced the EWTD in 1993, and the United …
Platelet-activating factor decreases skin keratinocyte tight junction barrier integrity
Authors: Su Duan, Kerstin Wanke, Paulina Wawrzyniak, Yifan Meng, Jeannette I. Kast, Beate Rückert, Ana Rebane, Mu Xian, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Sigurd Broesby-Olsen, Ulrike Raap, Thomas Werfel, Mübeccel Akdis, Luo Zhang, Cezmi A. Akdis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Brief Communication: Biochemical Properties of Simian Virus 40-Transformed 3T3 Cell Mitochondria2
Authors: Michael T. White, D. V. Arya, K. K. Tewari
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Mitochondria isolated from simian virus 40-transformed 3T3 and nontransformed 3T3 cells were compared by various biochemical criteria. Transformed and nontransformed cell mitochondria had identical densities in linear sucrose and discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradients. The activities of several mitochondria-specific enzymes including cytochrome oxidase, adenylate kinase, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)-cytochrome c reductase, and NADH oxidase were similar in both cell types. However, the activity of the mitochondrial outer membrane enzyme, monoamine oxidase, in the virus-transformed cell mitochondria was reduced to 50% of that in nontransformed cell mitochondria.
P-130 Impact of age on efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC)
Authors: G. Calderillo, M. Herrera, H. Lopez, C. Diaz, A. Padilla, E. Ruiz-Garcia, E. Trejo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)

Introduction: The incidence of rectal cancer in young patients is increasing; recent literature suggests that some clinical characteristics may influence the major rate of recurrence and lesser overall survival in comparison with adult patients. The present study aimed to explore the clinical characteristics of patients with early-onset (<40 years) rectal cancer (Group A) versus rectal carcinomas seen in patients >40 years of age (Group B). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis from January 2000 to December 2014. We enrolled patients with LARC who received CRT. Results: Our study comprised 413 patients, 80 (20%) patients in group A and 333 (805) in group B. The main differences in Group A vs Group B are: 41 patients (51%) are male vs 207 (62%), poor histologic grade in 18 patients (22.5%) in group A vs 39 patients (11.7%), body mass index >30 in 4 patients (5%) in group A vs 52 patients (15.6%), carcinoembrionic antigen (CEA) >10ng/ml in 43 patients (53.8%) vs 104 patients (31.2%) in group B and required colostomy before CRT treatment in 22 patients (27.5%) in group A vs 71 patients (21.32%) in group B. All patients received fluoropyrimidine based chemotherapy concurrent with radiotherapy (45-50.4Gy), after clinical, tomographic, endoscopic and histological evaluation in 10 patients (12.5%) of group A the radical surgery was refused vs 63 patients (19%), 12 patients (15%) in group A had disease progression vs 26 patients (7.8%), irresectability in 9 patients (11.25%) in group A vs 31 patients (9.3%) and radical surgery in 49 patients (61.2%) vs 205 patients (61.6%), of these 4 patients in group A (8%) achieved pathological complete response (pCR) vs 42 patients (20.5%), positive margin in 11 patients in group A (22.4%) vs 21 (10.24%), one or more positive lymph node in 21 patients (42.9%) vs 51 (24.9%) and recurrence in 23 patients (47%) vs 64 (31.2%). Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that patients <40 years have poor predictive prognosis: CEA elevation, poor histologic grade, achieved lesser pCR, more percentage of positive margin, positive lymph nodes and rates of recurrence.
Survival, biomarker, and toxicity analysis of nivolumab (NIVO) in patients that progressed on ipilimumab (IPI).
Authors: Jeffrey S. Weber, Geoffrey Thomas Gibney, Bin Yu, PingYan Cheng, Alberto J Martinez, Jodi Kroeger, Jillene Freed, Allison Richards, Xiuhua Zhao, Michael J. Schell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9055 Background: PD-1 antibodynivolumab was administered with/without a multi-peptide vaccine to 126 patients (pts) with unresectable melanoma that failed at least one regimen and were IPI naïve (34), or progressed after IPI (92). We assess its toxicity especially in those with prior dose limiting immune related adverse events (irAEs) to IPI, update survival and response duration data, and characterize myeloid derived suppressor cell (MDSC) and T cell subsets in IPI refractory pts. Methods: Pts refractory to IPI received NIVO at 3 mg/kg: two cohorts of pts were A*0201 positive and had either grade 2 or less IPI-related irAE (10 pts), or grade 3-4 dose limiting irAE (21 pts); 61 pts had grade 2 or less irAE, were not HLA restricted and received NIVO alone. Pre- and 12 week post-treatment peripheral blood was analyzed. Results: Median follow-up for IPI refractory pts was 18.7 months (mos);the response ratewas 29% by mWHO; 44% had clinical benefit with confirmed partial and complete response or stable disease at 24 weeks (CR+PR+SD).Median duration of response was 14.3 mos. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.4 mos, and estimated median overall survival (OS) was 20.1 mos (95% CI: 17.0, not reached) with 1 and 2 year OS of 69.2% (95% CI: 57.9-78.0%) and 39.1% (95% CI 26.0-52.0%). Of 14 pts that have completed all therapy or stopped due to toxicity while stable or in response, all remain in remission. Of 21 pts with prior IPI-induced grades 3-4 irAEs, only 2 had a subsequent dose limiting (and different) irAE with NIVO, with 8 PR and 5 SD seen; all 8 PR and 3 SD are without progression. Biomarker studies showed that circulating pre-treatment HLA-DR lo/CD14+/CD11b+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) were associated with progression and worse OS (p = 0.0001 and 0.0009). Pre-treatment, MDSC suppressed T cell reactivity (p = 0.006) which was overcome by PD-1 blockade ex vivo, and had high levels of VISTA, CD244 and BTLA. Low PD-L1 and Tim3 expression on MDSC was associated with response. Conclusions: This is the first survival assessment in IPI refractory NIVO treated melanoma pts, with median OS of 20.1 mos and PFS of 5.4 mos. Prior irAEs to IPI were not replicated with NIVO. Novel biomarkers of outcome were found on circulating MDSC. Clinical trial information: NCT01176461.
Brain Perfusion Abnormalities in Neurologically Asymptomatic Adult Patients with Sickle Cell Disease. A Voxel-Based Analysis of Brain Spect Imaging.
Authors: Leonardo Deus-Silva, Leonardo Bonilha, Allan O. Santos, Elba C.S.C. Etchebehere, Regis Oquendo-Nogueira, Renata Fockink, Edwaldo E. Camargo, Li M. Li, Fernando Cendes, Benedito P. Damasceno, Fernando F. Costa, Sara T.O. Saad
Journal: Blood (2004)
The loss of Ezh2 drives the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis and sensitizes tumor-initiating cells to bromodomain inhibition
Authors: Goro Sashida, Changshan Wang, Takahisa Tomioka, Motohiko Oshima, Kazumasa Aoyama, Akinori Kanai, Makiko Mochizuki-Kashio, Hironori Harada, Kazuya Shimoda, Atsushi Iwama
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

EZH2 is a component of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and functions as an H3K27 methyltransferase. Loss-of-function mutations in EZH2 are associated with poorer outcomes in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), particularly those with primary myelofibrosis (MF [PMF]). To determine how EZH2 insufficiency is involved in the pathogenesis of PMF, we generated mice compound for an Ezh2 conditional deletion and activating mutation in JAK2 (JAK2V617F) present in patients with PMF. The deletion of Ezh2 in JAK2V617F mice markedly promoted the development of MF, indicating a tumor suppressor function for EZH2 in PMF. The loss of Ezh2 in JAK2V617F hematopoietic cells caused significant reductions in H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) levels, resulting in an epigenetic switch to H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac). These epigenetic switches were closely associated with the activation of PRC2 target genes including Hmga2, an oncogene implicated in the pathogenesis of PMF. The treatment of JAK2V617F/Ezh2-null mice with a bromodomain inhibitor significantly attenuated H3K27ac levels at the promoter regions of PRC2 targets and down-regulated their expression, leading to the abrogation of MF-initiating cells. Therefore, an EZH2 insufficiency not only cooperated with active JAK2 to induce MF, but also conferred an oncogenic addiction to the H3K27ac modification in MF-initiating cells that was capable of being restored by bromodomain inhibition.
The Antibody Response to Methyl Isocyanate: Experimental and Clinical Findings
Authors: M H Karol, S R Kamat
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Sera from 99 subjects exposed to the industrial gas leak in Bhopal on December 2, 1984 were studied along with sera from guinea pigs exposed to methyl isocyanate (MIC) to determine the production of antibodies specific to (MIC). Each of the four guinea pigs injected with the reactive isocyanate produced MIC-specific antibodies in titres of 1:5120 to 1:10240, when tested with MIC-guinea pig albumin antigen conjugate. Analogous antigens prepared by reaction of MIC with human serum albumin were used to probe production of antibodies in 264 serially obtained human sera from 99 subjects from Bhopal. MIC-specific antibodies belonging to IgG, IgM and IgE classes were detected in eleven subjects. Though titres were low and transient (declining after several months) these findings indicate that the single large exposure to MIC resulted in an immunologic response. This finding was concomitant with chronic respiratory effects following MIC exposure.
Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: Benedict F. Massell, T. Duckett Jones, Mary Meyeserian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE medical literature contains reports of many cases of subacute bacterial endocarditis treated with penicillin.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Nevertheless, we are prompted to contribute reports of 2 additional cases. In the first place, all carefully studied cases treated with penicillin should be reported irrespective of their therapeutic outcome,§ so that by the accumulation of data on large numbers of cases, it will be possible to evaluate adequately the various aspects of this remarkable treatment and to explain the reasons for failure, which still occurs in about 25 to 30 per cent of cases. Secondly, certain features of these 2 cases show interesting contrasts . . .
Additional BCR-ABL1 Mutations Identified By Sensitive Mass Spectrometry In Chronic Phase CML Patients With T315I Treated With Ponatinib Are Associated With Relatively Inferior Responses and Outcome
Authors: Wendy T Parker, Alexandra L Yeoman, Haley Altamura, Nicola Roberts, David T Yeung, Bronte A Jamison, Chani Field, Stephanie Lustgarten, Graeme Hodgson, Victor M. Rivera, Timothy P. Hughes, Susan Branford
Journal: Blood (2013)
PO76GROWTH FACTOR SIGNALLING PATHWAYS IN MENINGIOMAS IS COMMON AND PARTLY DEPENDS ON SUBTYPE ALLOWING FOR STRATIFICATION
Authors: David A. Hilton, Aditya Shivane, Leanne Kirk, Kayleigh Bassiri, C. Oliver Hanemann
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: A significant minority of meningiomas are difficult to treat with surgery or radiotherapy, and there are limited chemotherapeutic alternatives.This study aims to better understand the pathways that are active in these tumours, in order to direct future treatment strategies.METHOD: We have investigated the expression of several growth factors and their signalling pathways in 30 meningiomas, using immunohistochemistry and Western blots.Expression was correlated with presumed NF2 gene status, using fluorescent in situ hybridisation to look for chromosome 22q loss.RESULTS: Membrane expression of VEGFR and PDGFR-beta was seen in 83% of tumours, Axl in 70%, EGFR in 50% and IGFR in 47%.Expression was similar in low and high grade tumours, but membrane EGFR expression was not seen in tumours showing chromosome 22q loss.Expression of the ligands IGF, NRG, VEGF, Gas 6, and downstream signalling proteins, Mek, Erk, Jnk and Akt, and pS6RP, was widespread.Our findings suggest that the majority of meningiomas express and show activation of multiple growth factor receptors and their downstream signalling pathways irrespective of tumour grade.CONCLUSION: In addition to previously reported receptors, Axl may also offer an attractive therapeutic target.Our findings also suggest that anti-EGFR based therapies may be less effective in meningiomas with 22q loss.
Preablative Stimulated Thyroglobulin Levels Can Predict Malignant Potential and Therapeutic Responsiveness of Subcentimeter-Sized, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-Avid Cervical Lymph Nodes in Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Seong Young Kwon, Jahae Kim, Se Hee Jung, Ari Chong, Ho-Chun Song, Hee-Seung Bom, Jung-Joon Min
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We investigated the potential value of TSH-stimulated serum thyroglobulin (sTg) to characterize subcentimeter-sized, F-FDG avid cervical lymph nodes (LNs) on 18PET/CT and their responsiveness to 131I ablation therapy (IAT) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer.We enrolled 49 patients who were undergoing total thyroidectomy and had incidentally detected FDG-avid LNs on PET/CT before IAT. According to the follow-up results, FDG-avid LNs were classified into 2 groups: those with metastatic LNs (group A) and those with benign LNs (group B). Differences in clinical and histopathologic variables at the time of IAT (e.g., age, sex, pT stage, pN stage, LN location, sTg level, TSH level, maxSUV, and size of each FDG-avid LN) were compared between groups, retrospectively. In addition, responsiveness to IAT was assessed by the intensity of iodine uptake in posttherapeutic 131I scans and by the reduction in LN size in follow-up studies.Twenty of the 49 patients were classified in group A. By univariate analyses, sTg (P = 0.001), maxSUV of FDG-avid LN (P = 0.043), frequency of pT3-4 (P = 0.032), pN1b (P = 0.004), and FDG-avid LN located in mid to lower neck compartments (P = 0.011) were all significantly higher in group A than in group B. Among the 5 variables, the level of sTg was the only significant parameter that could predict metastatic LNs in multivariate analyses (OR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.14-3.06; P = 0.014). An ROC curve showed that sTg level of 6.0 ng/mL was the optimal cutoff for predicting metastatic LNs (sensitivity, 95.0%; specificity, 93.1%; area under the curve, 0.971; SE, 0.0223). Interestingly, these metastatic LNs showed no significant uptake of 131I and no significant change of their size during follow-up.Subcentimeter-sized FDG-avid LNs with high levels of sTg (>6.0 ng/mL) were metastatic, non-iodine avid and had little effect in IAT. Therefore, appropriate follow-up strategies need to be undertaken in these patients.
Increased Transpulmonary Gradient Predicts Functional Class, Mortality, and RV Dysfunction by MRI in Patients with Sickle Cell Associated Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Kim-Lien Nguyen, Shoaib Alam, Xin Tian, Steve W. Leung, Catherine Seamon, Caterina Minniti, James G. Taylor, Vandana Sachdev, Andrew E. Arai, Gregory J. Kato
Journal: Blood (2012)
Physician-Hospital Relations
Authors: M D GARDNER, J A BARGEN
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal