tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Localization of Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors by Endoscopic Ultrasonography
Authors: Thomas Rösch, Charles J. Lightdale, Jose F. Botet, Gregory A. Boyce, Michael V. Sivak, Kenjiro Yasuda, Norbert Heyder, Laurent Palazzo, Henryk Dancygier, Volker Schusdziarra, Meinhard Classen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

After a pancreatic endocrine tumor has been diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs and the results of laboratory tests, localization of the tumor by the usual imaging procedures fails in as many as 40 to 60 percent of patients. Endoscopic ultrasonography, a sensitive test for small carcinomas of the pancreas, might also be useful in patients with endocrine tumors of the pancreas that cannot be localized by conventional methods.
Hernia through the Incisura of the Tentorium Cerebelli in Connection with Craniocerebral Trauma
Authors: Donald Munro, Warren R. Sisson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE late Clovis Vincent and his co-workers in 19301 and again in 19362 called attention to the dangers inherent in the herniation of a part of one temporal lobe through the incisura of the tentorium cerebelli. Since then LeBeau,3 LeBeau and Houdart,4 Guiot and Janny,5 Jefferson,6 Zwan,7 Schwarz and Rosner,8 Evans and Scheinker,9 Scheinker,10 Freedman11 and Reid and Cone12 have written on this matter. Zwan,7 Evans and Scheinker,10 Freedman11 and Reid and Cone12 however, are the chief authors that we have come across who have considered such herniation in its relation to trauma. Zwan reports its occurrence in connection with . . .
Case 36-1995
Authors: W.J. Triggs, M.A. Edgar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Presentation of CaseA 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of increasing weakness in all his extremities.The patient had been in good health until five years earlier, when weakness developed in the distal portion of the left leg, with mild pain in the left hip. He began to limp because of the weakness. There were severe muscle cramps in the leg, which subsided approximately two years later. Three years before admission a neurologist found distal muscular atrophy of the left leg, with normal reflexes and sensation, and normal cranial-nerve functions. Motor-nerve conduction velocities and sensory-nerve action potentials . . .
Decitabine As Induction Therapy For Median-To-High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes(MDS) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia(AML) Before Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Jin Zhou, Wu Depei, Chengcheng Fu, Aining Sun, Huiying Qiu, Zhengming Jin, XiaoWen Tang, Yue Han, Xiao Ma, Guangsheng He
Journal: Blood (2013)
Epidemic<i>Salmonella newport</i>Infection in a Metropolitan Area
Authors: A. Daniel Rubenstein, Robert A. MacCready
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

SALMONELLA infection in Massachusetts occurs both sporadically and in epidemic form.1 By and large, most clinical cases are brought to light as a result of cultural studies on patients with gastrointestinal or enteric symptoms. When organisms recovered from patients or carriers are classified according to the Kauffmann–White schema, a large variety of salmonella types is demonstrated.2 , 3 However, under ordinary circumstances certain types appear more frequently than others. In Massachusetts, for example, Salmonella typhimurium and S. newport together accounted for 57.5 per cent of all sporadic cases in a study covering seven years.1 S. typhimurium and S. newport, although somewhat . . .
Metabolism and Mutagenicity of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Nitroso-2-methoxy-2,6-dimethylmorpholine in Hamsters&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R Gingell, G Brunk, D Nagel, L Wallcave, B Walker, P Pour
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

N-Nitroso-2-methoxy-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (MeNDMM) was derived from the cyclic form of N-nitroso-(2-hydroxypropyl)(2-oxopropyl)amine (HPOP), a proposed proximate pancreatic carcinogen for the hamster. MeNDMM was metabolized in vivo by noninbred Syrian golden hamsters to HPOP, which was excreted in urine. In vitro metabolism produced HPOP by cytochrome P450-mediated oxidative demethylation. MeNDMM and HPOP were similarly mutagenic in the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay, in which hamster liver preparations were used for metabolic activation. MeNDMM, due to its metabolism to HPOP, is probably also a pancreatic carcinogen in the hamster.
Monitoring disease burden in chronic myeloid leukemia: Past, present, and future
Authors: Daniel Egan, Jerald Radich
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy yields sustained cytogenetic remissions in most patients with chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Peripheral blood quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) monitoring of the chimeric BCR-ABL1 mRNA transcript levels is a very sensitive method to measure disease burden in patients with cytogenetic remission. qRT-PCR allows identification of patients (1) at high risk of progression early (3-6 months) after treatment initiation, (2) with no response to TKI therapy, (3) with undetectable disease who could be eligible for TKI discontinuation trials. Molecular monitoring is a minimally invasive method to optimize treatment and outcomes in CML. Am. J. Hematol. 91:742-746, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Prospective Study of Advance Directives for Life-Sustaining Care
Authors: Marion Danis, Leslie I. Southerland, Joanne M. Garrett, Janet L. Smith, Frank Hielema, C. Glenn Pickard, David M. Egner, Donald L. Patrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The use of advance directives is recommended so that people can determine the medical care they will receive when they are no longer competent, but the effectiveness of such directives is not clear.
Cutaneous Lesions of Disseminated Candidiasis
Authors: J S Roth, M E Grossman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Cutaneous Lesions of Disseminated Candidiasis. Erythematous papules with pale centers are present on the arm of a 13-year-old boy with neutropenia and Ewing's sarcoma. Blood cultures grew Candida parapsilosis and C. lusitania. The lesions were widespread and numbered in the hundreds. The patient presented with the skin lesions; myalgias and eye pain followed. The pustule is the cutaneous sign of disseminated candidiasis in a host capable of leukocytosis. In the absence of circulating neutrophils, pustules do not appear on the skin; as the white-cell count recovers, the lesions may become pustular even as the infection is being treated. . . .
Diverticular Disease of the Colon
Authors: Thomas P. Almy, Douglas A. Howell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

DIVERTICULOSIS of the colon and its clinical consequences have become increasingly prevalent among the population of the United States and other economically developed countries with each passing decade. Truly a disease of the 20th century, it was earlier regarded as a pathological curiosity. Now, while the proportion of the aged in our population rapidly rises, their probable risk of developing diverticula is estimated at nearly 50 per cent.1 Over the past 20 years, concepts of the nature and the origins of this condition have been derived from correlations of epidemiologic, clinical, pathological, radiologic, and physiologic data. These have provided a . . .
Polymyositis Mediated by T Lymphocytes That Express the γ/δ Receptor
Authors: Reinhard Hohlfeld, Andrew G. Engel, Kunio Ii, Michel C. Harper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The invasion and destruction of nonnecrotic muscle fibers by CD8+ cytotoxic T cells is considered a hallmark of polymyositis. In the cases of polymyositis reported so far, the autoinvasive CD8+ T cells expressed the common form of T-cell receptor for the recognition of antigen, the so-called α/β T-cell receptor. We describe a 69-year-old man with polymyositis mediated by CD4—, CD8— T cells expressing the recently discovered, uncommon γ/δ T-cell receptor.
Case 10-1996
Authors: L.W. Ottinger, M. Ozdemirli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Presentation of CaseA 36-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen and the lumbar region.There was a two-year history of intermittent pain in the right lower quadrant and right lumbar region, with “soreness” of the right testis, which occurred frequently during urination and less often on defecation. Twenty-six months before admission an evaluation elsewhere led to a diagnosis of prostatitis, but antibiotic therapy was ineffective.Five months before admission the patient came to this hospital. He reported that his brother had hemochromatosis. The physical examination was normal except . . .
Clinical Evaluation of 1-Methyl-5,5-Phenyl-Ethyl-Hydantoin in the Treatment of Epilepsy
Authors: Samuel Livingston, Lydia L. Pauli, Irving Kramer, Amir Najmabadi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

A RELATIVELY small number of drugs constitutes the present-day armamentarium for the treatment of grand-mal epilepsy, and of these, 5,5-diphenylhydantoin sodium (Dilantin) has been one of the most widely used and effective. Merritt and Putnam1 selected it in 1938 as the least hypnotic and most strongly anticonvulsant of a series of hydantoins on the basis of animal tests, and confirmed its usefulness in human beings in the same year.2 Continuous usage since that time has served to establish its efficacy in the treatment of major motor and psychomotor seizures.3 Other hydantoins employed in the treatment of epilepsy include 3-methyl-5,5-phenyl-ethyl-hydantoin (Mesantoin). . . .
Papaverine in the Treatment of Coronary-Artery Disease
Authors: William Gray, Joseph E. F. Riseman, Samuel Stearns
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

PAPAVERINE, an opium derivative frequentlyused to combat vascular spasm, was first advocated for the treatment of angina pectoris in 1913 by Pal1; no data were presented, however. Three years later, Macht2 reported temporary relief of angina pectoris in 3 patients following injection of 40 mg. of papaverine. In 1923, Pal3 described prompt but transient relief of angina pectoris after the injection of 20 to 30 mg. of papaverine intravenously in an eighteen-year-old patient with aortic stenosis and insufficiency; subcutaneous injections of larger doses were not so effective. In 1921, Boehm4 reported marked success in treating patients with angina pectoris . . .
Improvement in Skin Testing Is Associated with Increases in Milk Component- Specific IgA and IgG4 during Milk Oral Immunotherapy
Authors: Bahar Torabi, Sarah De Schryver, Tanvir Rahman, Duncan Lejtenyi, Ingrid Baerg, Edmond S. Chan, Bruce D. Mazer, Moshe Ben-Shoshan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
The Unusual Severity of Mycoplasmal Pneumonia in Children with Sickle-Cell Disease
Authors: Stanford T. Shulman, Jack Bartlett, Wallace A. Clyde, Elia M. Ayoub
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Five children with sickle-cell disease had severe mycoplasma pneumonia. The severity was greater than that noted with M. pneumoniae infection in otherwise normal persons. Clinical features included pneumonia involving more than one lobe, white-cell counts over 25,000, prolonged febrile state, respiratory distress and pleuritic pain; pleural effusion occurred in two of the five patients. Serologic data in all patients and bacteriologic isolation in three patients implicated M. pneumoniae as the causative agent. Erythromycin may be the initial antibiotic of choice for patients with sickle-cell and pneumonia in whom the diagnosis of pneumococcal infection cannot be established firmly, or the first alternative antibiotic in those failing to respond to penicillin.
Carcinoma Cell Hyaluronan as a “Portable” Cancerized Prometastatic Microenvironment
Authors: Eva A. Turley, David K. Wood, James B. McCarthy
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Hyaluronan (HA) is a structurally simple polysaccharide, but its ability to act as a template for organizing pericellular matrices and its regulated synthesis and degradation are key to initiating repair responses. Importantly, these HA functions are usurped by tumor cells to facilitate progression and metastasis. Recent advances have identified the functional complexities associated with the synthesis and degradation of HA-rich matrices. Three enzymes synthesize large HA polymers while multiple hyaluronidases or tissue free radicals degrade these into smaller bioactive fragments. A family of extracellular and cell-associated HA-binding proteins/receptors translates the bioinformation encrypted in this complex polymer mixture to activate signaling networks required for cell survival, proliferation, and migration in an actively remodeling microenvironment. Changes in HA metabolism within both the peritumor stroma and parenchyma are linked to tumor initiation, progression, and poor clinical outcome. We review evidence that metastatic tumor cells must acquire the capability to autonomously synthesize, assemble, and process their own "portable" HA-rich microenvironments to survive in the circulation, metastasize to ectopic sites, and escape therapeutic intervention. Strategies to disrupt the HA machinery of primary tumor and circulating tumor cells may enhance the effectiveness of current conventional and targeted therapies. Cancer Res; 76(9); 2507-12. ©2016 AACR.
Case 36-2002
Authors: Eric S. Silverman, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 32-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of long-standing hemoptysis and interstitial pulmonary disease.The patient had been born of a 32-week gestation that was complicated by spotting during the first trimester and by a urinary tract infection, which was treated with sulfisoxazole, during the fifth month. During the patient's first three years, he had multiple respiratory problems, including croup, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and what was described as “asthma.” Hemoptyses began during, or soon after, his third year, and evaluation at another institution led to diagnoses of iron-deficiency anemia and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis; no further details . . .
Hyperthyroidism Due to Thyrotropin-Producing Pituitary Chromophobe Adenoma
Authors: Carlos R. Hamilton, Levi C. Adams, Farahe Maloof
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

A 50-year-old man with bitemporal hemianopsia and an enlarged sella turcica was found to have hyperthyroidism with elevated serum thyrotropin levels (17 mμg per milliliter) measured by radioimmunoassay. Craniotomy was performed after the hyperthyroidism had been controlled with antithyroid medication, and a chromophobe adenoma was partially resected. After operation the antithyroid therapy was discontinued. Clinical and laboratory evidence of hyperthyroidism recurred with elevated serum thyrotropin levels (7 to 10 mμg per milliliter). After treatment of the remaining pituitary tumor with external irradiation there was remission of the hyperthyroidism without other antithyroid therapy. The serum thyrotropin levels have subsequently been normal (1.6 to 2.8 mμg per milliliter). The pituitary adenoma appeared to have caused hyperthyroidism by producing excess thyrotropin.
Abstract IA27: Glioma stem cells: What are they?
Authors: Luis F. Parada
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract We have generated mouse models of GBM by driving loss of function of in the NF1, p53 and Pten tumor suppressors in the adult mouse brain. Using genetic cell labeling and lineage tracing approaches, our models support the hypothesis that stem/progenitor cells are the most likely cells to accumulate mutations over time and become the source of GBM. We have succeeded in reporter labeling the putative “Cancer Stem Cell” population and demonstrate their requirement for effectively mediating endogenous tumor recurrence after chemotherapy and in successfully supporting serial transplantation of tumors in intracranial allografts. The availability of enriched Cancer Stem cells should provide a powerful tool for identifying critical molecular properties and novel therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Luis F. Parada. Glioma stem cells: What are they? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research: From Mechanisms and Models to Treatment and Survivorship; 2015 Nov 9-12; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(5 Suppl):Abstract nr IA27.
<i>Helicobacter pylori </i> in a Gastric Pit
Authors: R M Genta, D Y Graham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. A 35-year-old man presented with epigastric pain of several months' duration. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an active duodenal ulcer. Biopsy of the gastric antrum showed chronic active gastritis with innumerable Helicobacter pylori organisms on the gastric mucosa. This photomicrograph of a section of an antral-biopsy specimen (×1000) stained with the Genta stain (a triple stain consisting of a modified Steiner, hematoxylin and eosin, and Alcian blue; pH 2.5) shows a gastric pit virtually filled with H. pylori. Culture confirmed that the infecting organism was H. pylori. The patient was treated for two weeks with omeprazole, clarithromycin, and . . .
Thiotepa cyclophosphamide followed by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilized allogeneic peripheral blood cells in adults with advanced leukemia
Authors: A Bacigalupo, MT Van Lint, M Valbonesi, G Lercari, P Carlier, T Lamparelli, F Gualandi, D Occhini, S Bregante, A Valeriani, G Piaggio, A Pitto, F Benvenuto, O Figari, G De Stefano, A Caimo, M Sessarego
Journal: Blood (1996)
β-Glucan exacerbates allergic asthma independent of fungal sensitization and promotes steroid-resistant T H 2/T H 17 responses
Authors: Zhonghua Zhang, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers, Eric B. Brandt, Patrick H. Ryan, Mark Lindsey, Rachael A. Mintz-Cole, Tiina Reponen, Stephen J. Vesper, Frank Forde, Brandy Ruff, Stacey A. Bass, Grace K. LeMasters, David I. Bernstein, James Lockey, Alison L. Budelsky, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
The Effect of Different Diagnostic Criteria on the Prevalence of Dementia
Authors: T Erkinjuntti, T Ostbye, R Steenhuis, V Hachinski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

There are several widely used sets of criteria for the diagnosis of dementia, but little is known about their degree of agreement and their effects on estimates of the prevalence of dementia.We examined 1879 men and women 65 years of age or older who were enrolled in the Canadian Study of Health and Aging and calculated the proportion given a diagnosis of dementia according to six commonly used classification systems: the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), third edition (DSM-III), the third edition, revised of the DSM (DSM-III-R), the fourth edition of the DSM (DSM-IV), the World Health Organization's International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 9th revision (ICD-9) and 10th revision (ICD-10), and the Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX). The degree of concordance among classification schemes and the importance of various factors in determining diagnostic agreement or disagreement were examined.The proportion of subjects with dementia varied from 3.1 percent when we used the criteria of the ICD-10 to 29.1 percent when the DSM-III criteria were used. The six classification systems identified different groups of subjects as having dementia; only 20 subjects were given a diagnosis of dementia according to all six systems. The classifications based on the various systems differed little according to the patients' age, sex, educational level, or status with respect to institutionalization. The factors that most often caused disagreement in diagnosis between DSM-III and ICD-10 were long-term memory, executive function, social activities, and duration of symptoms.The commonly used criteria for diagnosis can differ by a factor of 10 in the number of subjects classified as having dementia. Such disagreement has serious implications for research and treatment, as well as for the right of many older persons to drive, make a will, and handle financial affairs.
First-in-human study of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics (PD) of PF-00299804, a small molecule irreversible panHER inhibitor in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: J. H. Schellens, C. D. Britten, D. R. Camidge, D. Boss, S. Wong, S. Diab, F. Guo, R. P. Maguire, S. P. Letrent, S. G. Eckhardt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

3599 Background: There are scientific rationale for inhibitors which provide combined and irreversible blockade of HER family members. PF-00299804 is an orally available, potent, irreversible small molecule inhibitor of the HER tyrosine kinases. Methods: The safety, tolerability, PK, PD, and efficacy of PF-00299804 administered orally once daily in 3-week cycles were assessed in patients with advanced solid tumors using an accelerated dose-escalation design. Safety assessments included adverse event (AE), laboratory, ECG, and LVEF assessments. PK parameters were determined after a single lead-in dose and on Day 14 by non-compartmental techniques. PD measures included assessment of HER-related signaling pathways via IHC analyses of serial skin and, in some patients, tumor biopsies. Serial 18F-FDG- PET/CT has been performed on a subset of patients with scans being classified according to modified EORTC criteria by a central reader. Results: 32 pts have been treated across 8 sequential dose levels ranging from 0.5 to 60 mg. The most common AEs were diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and rash. 3/6 patients at 60 mg experienced a DLT [hand-foot syndrome (1), dehydration related to diarrhea(1), mucositis(1)]. Cmax and AUC of PF-00299804 increased with dose in an approximately proportional manner. Accumulation ranged from 3.3 to 6.8, suggesting a terminal t1/2&gt;24 h. At the 30 mg dose level, mean Day 14 drug concentration was above the predicted efficacious concentration for tumor growth inhibition based on A431 xenograft model. Of 7 sets of PET data evaluated thus far, partial responses (PR) have been observed in 2 patients. A PR as assessed using RECIST criteria has been reported in 1 of 2 patients with advanced refractory NSCLC treated to date. Conclusions: Daily administration of PF-00299804 across many dose levels appears safe and tolerable. Diarrhea, fatigue, nausea, and rash are the most frequent AEs. Evaluation of 45 mg/d as the potential MTD is ongoing. Systemic exposures at doses = 30 mg exceed the threshold for efficacy as predicted from preclinical studies. Clinical and biological activity of PF-00299804 was observed including a PR in 1 of 2 patients with advanced refractory NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Electronic Patient Data Acquisition Tablet (Epdat™) Geofencing Capabilities Allows for Subject Compliance and Pollen Exposure Monitoring Leading to Improved Data Quality in Seasonal Allergy Field Trials
Authors: Devang Panchal, Dan Wilson, Tara Sadoway, Victoria Nelson, Piyush Patel, Anne Marie Salapatek
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Community outbreak of group B meningococcal disease in southwest France – December 2008 to September 2009
Authors: E Delisle, S Larrieu, J Simões, N Laylle, M De Pommerol, M  K Taha, J L Termignon, I Parent du Châtelet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
A Comparison between Heparin and Low-Dose Aspirin as Adjunctive Therapy with Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Judith Hsia, William P. Hamilton, Neal Kleiman, Robert Roberts, Bernard R. Chaitman, Allan M. Ross
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

We report the results of the Heparin—Aspirin Reperfusion Trial, a collaborative study comparing early intravenous heparin with oral aspirin as adjunctive treatment when recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) is used for coronary thrombolysis during acute myocardial infarction.