tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 382: The Bone Morphogenetic Protein Pathway Mediates the Effects of H11 Kinase/Hsp22 on Cardiac Cell Growth and Survival
Authors: Xiangzhen Sui, Dan Li, Nadia Hedhli, Hongyu Qiu, Vinciane Gaussin, Christophe Depre
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) pathway is a major signaling mechanism during cardiac development but it has no clear function in the post-natal heart. Here, we tested the hypothesis that BMP mediates the physiological effect of the cardiac chaperone H11Kinase/Hsp22 (H11K). Expression of H11K increases during both cardiac ischemia and overload, and its cardiac-specific over-expression in a transgenic (TG) mouse is sufficient to provide major protection against ischemia and to promote cardiac cell growth, which involves the activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and of its effector Akt. We tested whether H11K-induced activation of PI3K is mediated by BMP. Microarray comparison between hearts from TG and wild type (WT) mice showed an up-regulation of the BMP receptor subunits Alk3 and BMPR-II, as well as of the BMP receptor ligand BMP4, which was confirmed at the protein level (P&lt;0.01 vs WT). Activation of the BMP pathway in TG mice was confirmed by increased phosphorylation of the canonical BMP effectors Smad 1/5/8 (P&lt;0.01 vs WT). The mechanism was further studied in isolated cardiac myocytes. Adeno-mediated over-expression of H11K was accompanied by significant 2–3-fold increase in PI3K activity, phospho-Akt, Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation and cell growth as measured by [3H]phenylalanine incorporation, and by a 70% reduction in H2O2-mediated apoptosis (all values, P&lt;0.01 vs control). All these changes mediated by H11K in myocytes were abolished upon addition of the BMP antagonist noggin. In pull-down experiments, H11K co-precipitated with both Alk3 and BMPR-II, and increased the association of these two subunits into a functional receptor. Accordingly, Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation in presence of BMP4 was enhanced by 5-fold upon H11K over-expression, whereas it was decreased by 3-fold upon H11K knockdown (both, P&lt;0.01 vs control), which shows that H11K potentiates the BMP receptor signaling pathway. Therefore, potentiation of the BMP receptor pathway by H11K promotes the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and dictates the physiological effects of H11K on cardiac cell growth and survival, which shows a novel role for BMP signaling in post-natal heart. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center.
Portable electromyograph monitoring of unilateral ECT
Authors: J O Ives, L A Weaver, R Williams
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors describe a portable electromyograph (EMG) designed for use in monitoring unilateral ECT. Administration of muscle relaxants in conjunction with ECT often makes it difficult to determine that an adequate response has been elicited. The authors feel that this adaptation of the EMG provides a useful and easy means of monitoring the presence, bilateralism, and length of the seizure.
How similar are biosimilars?
Authors: Jeffrey K Aronson, Robin E Ferner
Journal: BMJ (2016)

They are likely to be cost effective

The United Kingdom has lagged behind other European countries in adopting biosimilars, said a recent article in the Financial Times ,1 and a British Biosimilars Association has been launched “to promote medicines that could shave a third off NHS prices.”2 The UK’s chief pharmaceutical officer was quoted as saying that “biosimilar medicines have enormous potential to deliver increased patient access, as well as savings to the NHS, which can be reinvested elsewhere.”2

Biological products (“biologics”) include vaccines, blood and blood components, somatic cells, tissues (such as corneas, skin, and spermatozoa), and recombinant proteins.3 They can be composed of sugars (such as heparin), proteins (monoclonal antibodies), nucleic acids (antisense oligonucleotides), or combinations of these (fusion proteins), but their precise structures are often not easily characterised.

Biosimilars are defined as biologics that are similar to other biologics already authorised for use.4 When biosimilar proteins are synthesised, the primary amino acid sequence is likely to be preserved, but there can be differences in glycosylation, deamination, or oxidation and in the three dimensional structure, which can affect the interaction of the protein …
Completeness of malaria notification in the Netherlands 1995-2003 assessed by capture-recapture method
Authors: S Klein, A Bosman
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

In 1999 in the Netherlands, the duty to notify malaria was transferred from physicians to laboratories by the new Infectious Diseases Law. To evaluate the effect of this change, we aimed to estimate completeness of malaria notification in the Netherlands from 1995-2003. We calculated it relative to sentinel laboratory and hospital admission data. Using the two-source capture-recapture method (CRM), we estimated the total number of cases to assess the completeness relative to this number. The completeness of notification relative to sentinel data was 18.2 % (95% CI of 15.7-20.7) from 1995-1998 and 56.4 % (95% CI of 47.0-65.8) for 2000-2003. The completeness relative to the number of malaria cases admitted to the hospital was 35.1 % for the period 1995-2003. The estimated numbers of cases of malaria between 1995 and 1998 were 3123 (95% CI of 2796-3449) and 5043 (95% CI of 4343-5742) between 2000 and 2003. The completeness relative to this numbers changed from 35.5 % (95% CI of 32.1-39.7) in 1995-1998 to 36.1 % (95% CI of 31.7-41.9) for the years 2000-2003. Laboratory-based notification has significantly increased the absolute number of malaria notifications, but there was no change in completeness relative to hospital admissions. The increase in estimated malaria cases may be artificial, due to the extent of violation of CRM requirements over the study period.
Morning versus midday phototherapy of seasonal affective disorder
Authors: F M Jacobsen, T A Wehr, R A Skwerer, D A Sack, N E Rosenthal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Sixteen depressed patients with seasonal affective disorder participated in a double-blind crossover study comparing the antidepressant effects of 2 hours of early morning and 2 hours of early afternoon therapy with bright light. They responded equally well to both treatments. These results suggest that the antidepressant effects of phototherapy in seasonal affective disorder do not depend on its capacity to extend day length (photoperiod) and are not likely to be due to a shift in the timing of circadian rhythms. These findings have practical implications for the administration of phototherapy in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder.
Turnover Rate of Normal Blood Lymphocytes and Exchangeable Pool Size in Man, Calculated From Analysis of Chromosomal Aberrations Sustained During Extracorporeal Irradiation of the Blood
Authors: E. O. Field, H. B. A. Sharpe, K. B. Dawson, V. Andersen, S. A. Killmann, E. Weeke
Journal: Blood (1972)
Bone morphogenetic protein 2-induced human dental pulp cell differentiation involves p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated canonical WNT pathway
Authors: Jing Yang, Ling Ye, Tian-Qian Hui, Dong-Mei Yang, Ding-Ming Huang, Xue-Dong Zhou, Jeremy J Mao, Cheng-Lin Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2015)

Both bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and the wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT)/β-catenin signalling pathway play important roles in odontoblast differentiation and dentinogenesis. Cross-talk between BMP2 and WNT/β-catenin in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation has been identified. However, the roles and mechanisms of the canonical WNT pathway in the regulation of BMP2 in dental pulp injury and repair remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that BMP2 promotes the differentiation of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) by activating WNT/β-catenin signalling, which is further mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in vitro. BMP2 stimulation upregulated the expression of β-catenin in HDPCs, which was abolished by SB203580 but not by Noggin or LDN193189. Furthermore, BMP2 enhanced cell differentiation, which was not fully inhibited by Noggin or LDN193189. Instead, SB203580 partially blocked BMP2-induced β-catenin expression and cell differentiation. Taken together, these data suggest a possible mechanism by which the elevation of β-catenin resulting from BMP2 stimulation is mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway, which sheds light on the molecular mechanisms of BMP2-mediated pulp reparative dentin formation. Researchers have clarified the molecular interactions that underpin the formation and regeneration of dentin in human teeth. Dentin is the layer of calcified tissue directly beneath the surface enamel of a tooth. It is formed and sustained by the differentiation of cells in the tooth pulp that lies beneath the dentin layer. Chenglin Wang and co-workers at Sichuan University in China, with colleagues at Columbia University, New York, USA, studied human dental pulp cells in vitro. They demonstrated that bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) promotes the differentiation of pulp cells to form dentin by affecting signaling pathways known to be involved. Identifying the links between the growth factor BMP2, and β-catenin and p38, proteins in these pathways, will improve understanding of dentin formation and repair after injury.
Response Of Rare Variants Of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) To Treatment With Bexarotene. A Prospective German DeCOG Trial
Authors: Michael Weichenthal, Simone Goldinger, Ulrike Wehkamp, Marc Beyer, Annette Stein, Athanasios Tsianakas, André Koch, Amir Yazdi, Marion Wobser, Yvonne Frambach, Edgar Dippel, Eva-Maria Geißler, Carmen Loquai, Peter Kurschat, Claudia Pföhler, Anke Hartmann, Esther Coors, Christian Hallermann, Peter Mohr, Uwe Hillen, Benedetta Belloni, Sandra Vogel, Christina Mitteldorf, Chalid Assaf, Claus-Detlev Klemke, Juergen C Becker, Reinhard Dummer, Jan Nicolay
Journal: Blood (2013)
Environment-driven somatic mosaicism in brain disorders
Authors: Tracy A. Bedrosian, Sara Linker, Fred H. Gage
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

The identification of somatic mosaicism in the brain lends a new perspective to our understanding of the role of gene and environment interactions in psychiatric disease risk. Somatic mutations, such as retrotransposon insertions, that are precipitated by modern environmental factors may alter neuronal function and neurological traits, increasing the societal prevalence of mental disorders.
The Tetrapeptide Acetyl-N-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (Goralatide) Protects From Doxorubicin-Induced Toxicity: Improvement in Mice Survival and Protection of Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Progenitors
Authors: A. Massé, L.H. Ramirez, G. Bindoula, C. Grillon, J. Wdzieczak-Bakala, K. Raddassi, E. Deschamps de Paillette, J.M. Mencia-Huerta, S. Koscielny, P. Potier, F. Sainteny, P. Carde
Journal: Blood (1998)
Health Care Reform in the United States
Authors: R Ricardo-Campbell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Health Care Reform in the United StatesIn spite of improvements, on various measures of health outcomes the United States appears to rank relatively poorly among OECD countries.Health expenditures, in contrast, are significantly higher than in any other OECD country.While there are factors beyond the health-care system itself that contribute to this gap in performance, there is also likely to be scope to improve the health of Americans while reducing, or at least not increasing spending.This paper focuses on two factors that contribute to this discrepancy between health outcomes and health expenditures in the United States: inequitable access to medical services and subsidized private insurance policies; and inefficiencies in public health insurance.It then suggests two sets of reforms likely to improve the US health-care system.The first is a package of reforms to achieve close to universal health insurance coverage.The second set of reforms relates to payment methods and coverage decisions within the Medicare programme to realign incentives and increase the extent of economic evaluation of different medical procedures.
Asthma or wheezy bronchitis in childhood is independent risk factor for wheezing symptoms in adulthood
Authors: S. Ross, D. Godden, J. Friend, J. Legge, G. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—David P Strachan and colleagues' large prospective cohort study shows that recurrence of wheezing after prolonged remission during late adolescence was strongly associated with atopy and cigarette smoking.1 We believe that it is important to distinguish wheezy bronchitis from asthma in childhood since the prognosis differs considerably between these conditions.

We have reported a 25 year follow up of three groups of children who were originally diagnosed in 1964 as having asthma, wheeze in the presence of upper respiratory infection (wheezy bronchitis), …
Kerosene Pneumonitis: Experimental Study with Small Doses
Authors: P GROSS, J M MCNERNEY, M A BABYAK
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Controversies in the Management of Oropharynx Cancer
Authors: Francis P. Worden, Huan Ha
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx account for approximately 25% of all head and neck squamous cell malignancies. Most patients present with locally advanced tumors and require a multimodality approach to treatment, with input from qualified surgeons and radiation and medical oncologists. For organ preservation, concurrent chemoradiotherapy is usually preferred over surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy. Controversies regarding management of particular populations of locally advanced oropharyngeal tumors exist, including whether to include induction chemotherapy before chemoradiation, the use of biologic agents as radiation sensitizers, and how best to manage the neck after definitive treatment. Additionally, infection with human papilloma virus (HPV), particularly HPV-16, is now an established risk factor for head and neck cancer. Most cases involve the oropharynx, and prognosis seems to be much better than for patients with non–HPV- and tobacco-related tumors. Given the distinct differences between these HPV and non–HPV-related cancers, controversy also exists regarding the management of these patient populations, with the concern that HPV-related malignancies may be overtreated. Unfortunately, these and other questions concerning the management of locally advanced oropharyngeal cancers are outstanding. Hence, it is critical that eligible patients are screened for and encouraged to participate in clinical trials.
Tumor Cell Invasion Can Be Blocked by Modulators of Collagen Fibril Alignment That Control Assembly of the Extracellular Matrix
Authors: Moran Grossman, Nir Ben-Chetrit, Alina Zhuravlev, Ran Afik, Elad Bassat, Inna Solomonov, Yosef Yarden, Irit Sagi
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abnormal architectures of collagen fibers in the extracellular matrix (ECM) are hallmarks of many invasive diseases, including cancer. Targeting specific stages of collagen assembly in vivo presents a great challenge due to the involvement of various crosslinking enzymes in the multistep, hierarchical process of ECM build-up. Using advanced microscopic tools, we monitored stages of fibrillary collagen assembly in a native fibroblast-derived 3D matrix system and identified anti-lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) antibodies that alter the natural alignment and width of endogenic fibrillary collagens without affecting ECM composition. The disrupted collagen morphologies interfered with the adhesion and invasion properties of human breast cancer cells. Treatment of mice bearing breast cancer xenografts with the inhibitory antibodies resulted in disruption of the tumorigenic collagen superstructure and in reduction of primary tumor growth. Our approach could serve as a general methodology to identify novel therapeutics targeting fibrillary protein organization to treat ECM-associated pathologies. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4249-58. ©2016 AACR.
Etoposide and mesothelioma.
Authors: E F Smit, H H Berendsen, P E Postmus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.7.1281 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2358841 Etoposide and mesothelioma. E F SmitxE F SmitSearch for articles by this author , H H BerendsenxH H BerendsenSearch for articles by this author , P E PostmusxP E PostmusSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1990.8.7.1281 PDF "Etoposide and mesothelioma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 8(7), p. 1281© 1990 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Percutaneous Catheter Drainage of Abdominal Abscesses
Authors: D S Brown, S Meban, H H Tao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

This paper presents a study of 45 patients who had percutaneous catheter drainage of 52 intra-abdominal abscesses. In 37 patients this was the only treatment necessary; the other 8 needed further surgery to correct the cause of the abscess or treat concurrent surgical disease. The catheter complication rate was 3.8%.
Pregnancy during Residency
Authors: S M Maas, B W van 't Hoff, E H Rings, F W van der Waals, H A Büller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

The number of female residents in the Netherlands has steadily increased in recent years. Due to the increased time on waiting lists to enter residency programmes and to the increased duration of training, female residents will be older during their residencies. This will probably result in an increased number of pregnancies during residencies. A questionnaire regarding pregnancy during residency was sent to 191 residents in two university hospitals in the Netherlands. The response rate was 74.3%. Fifty percent of the male and only 19% of the female residents had children. No negative effects of a pregnancy on their training were experienced or anticipated by the residents. However, a negative effect on the functioning of the department was expected. No formal provisions, like replacements were available and many solutions to replace pregnant colleagues depended on the flexibility of the colleagues. The wish to have children was high and equally distributed among male and female residents, 92% and 96%, resp. Given the difficulty to seek a permanent position and to have children after residency, the choice of many female residents will be to have their children during residency. This increase in number of pregnancies requires anticipation of the residency programme directors. They should take the lead in proposing adequate regulations.
Toxicity of g-csf given for neutropenia during chest radiotherapy in limited-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Authors: A. Karcznmarczyk, S. Nawrocki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

18148 Background: There are concerns that use of white blood cell growth factors during radiotherapy, especially chest radiotherapy may lead to severe thrombocytopenia. Bunn P reported (J Clin Oncol 1995) that use of gm-csf during radical CT-RT of limited- stage SCLC is associated with life-threatening thrombocytopenia and did not reduce significantly neutropenia. On the other hand the prolongation of CT-RT total time in limited-stage SCLC has negative impact on survival. We have evaluated the safety of g-scf administration given for neutropenia (ANC&lt;500/mm 3 ) in limited-stage SCLC. Methods: 32 patients, 19 men, 13 women (median age 58,5 range 49–71, PS (WHO) = 0 or 1 - 30 patients, PS=2 - 2 patients. Chemotherapy during RT: cisplatin 60 mg/m2 d 1, etoposide 120 mg/m 2 d 1–3, every 3 weeks. RT: 54 Gy/2 Gy/5 days a week together with 3rd and 4th CT cycle to gross tumor, ipsilateral hilar and bilateral lymph nodes planned in 3-D planning system, 6 MV photons. G-csf given for 3 to 10 days (median - 6 d) once (22 patients) or twice during RT-CT (10 patients) for G4 (CTC) neutropenia or febrile neutropenia, 30 mln u/d for 19 patients, 48 mln u/d for 13 patients. Toxicity was recorded (CTC v.2.0) Hematology tests done every 7 days during RT and every 7 days after RT till resolution of thrombocytopenia. No breaks in RT due to neutropenia, break if thrombocytopenia G3/G4. Results: G3-G4 thrombocytopenia was observed in 15 out of 32 patients during or after RT. In 2 patients platelet’s transfusions were given, in 1 patient haemoptysis was observed, no toxic deaths were noticed. Febrile neutropenia in 10 out of 32 patients. No breaks in RT in 20 out of 32 patients. 1 to 3 days’ breaks in 7 patients, 4 to 6 days breaks in 2 patients, longer breaks in 3 patients. Mean platelet count before RT - 221,000/mm 3 , after RT in 3 following weeks: 135,000/mm 3 , 149,000/mm 3 , 137,000/mm 3 . In 21 out of 32 patients clinical response (CR or PR) was observed after CT-RT. Thrombocytopenia was not associated (p&gt;0,1) with age, PS or radiotherapy dose, associated with number of chemotherapy cycles (p=0.07). Conclusions: Use of g-csf during CT-RT in SCLC seems to be safe, regarding thrombocytpenia. G-csf given in lower doses for shorter times than in P. Bunn’s paper may be safer. Randomized study with g-csf in limited- stage SCLC is justified. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
New Technologies in Breast Imaging
Authors: Stephanie K Patterson
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

Large, randomized controlled trials have proven the efficacy of mammography in reducing breast cancer mortality. However, the known deficiencies of mammography have led to the development of new technologies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), digital mammography, computer-assisted diagnosis, positron-emission tomography (PET), technetium 99m sestamibi, and expanding roles for breast ultrasound have been explored as tools in breast cancer detection and evaluation. This article discusses these modalities and their current uses.
Tension Pneumopericardium
Authors: L G Smith, T Naqvi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Figure 1. Tension pneumopericardium, a rare complication of pyogenic lung abscess, occurred in a 27-year-old white man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Cultures of specimens obtained through a bronchoscopic sheath catheter had yielded Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Despite antibiotic treatment, the patient had spontaneous rupture of the abscess into the pericardial sac and died from a tension pneumopericardium and cardiac tamponade. The chest x-ray film in Panel A shows cavitating pneumonia in the left mid-lung field, adjacent to the cardiac silhouette. In Panel B, another chest film, air under pressure is evident in the pericardial sac, with the . . .