tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-01-05: The Efficacy of Arm Node Preserving Surgery Using Axillary Reverse Mapping for Preventing Lymphedema in Patients with Breast Cancer: The results from a 2-year follow-up
Authors: J-H Lee, G-T Son, J-E Choi, S-H Kang, S-J Lee, Y-K Bae
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: The axillary reverse mapping (ARM) technique to identify and preserve arm nodes during sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was developed to prevent lymphedema. In our previous study, we evaluated the incidence of lymphedema after ARM and the difference in arm circumference between arm node preserved group and unpreserved group, after short term follow up. The purpose of this study was to investigate the location and metastatic rate of the arm node, and to evaluate the further follow-up results of the differences in arm circumference after arm node preserving surgery. Methods: From January 2009 to December 2011, 116 breast cancer patients who underwent ARM were included. Blue-dye (2.5ml) was injected into the ipsilateral upper-inner arm. At least 20 minutes after injection, SLNB or ALND was performed and blue-stained arm nodes and/or lymphatics were identified. Patients were divided into two groups, an arm node preserved group (87 patients had ALND, 10 patients had SLNB) and an unpreserved group (15 patients had ALND, 4 patients had SLNB). The difference in arm circumference between preoperative and postoperative time points was checked in both groups. Results: The mean number of identified blue stained arm nodes was 1.41±0.66. The mean follow up period was 16.24(3∼24)months. In the majority of patients (86.2%), arm nodes were located between the lower level of the axillary vein and just below the second intercostobrachial nerve. The location of the arm node was the inferolateral side of axillary and thoracodorsal vessels in 62 patients (53.4%), the inferomedial side in 46 patients (39.7%), the superolateral side in 5 patients (4.3%), and the superomedial side in 3 patients (2.6%) In the arm node unpreserved group, 5 patients (4.3%) had metastasis in their arm node. When comparing between arm circumferences in ipsilateral upper-extremity of the arm node preserved group and unpreserved group, in the SLNB group, there was no significant difference. But in the ALND group, the arm circumference changes of the arm node unpreserved group were bigger than that of the preserved group (0.50±1.15 vs 0.16±0.76, p = 0.066). There were no lymphedema cases among the arm node preserved group, but one lymphedema developed in the unpreserved group(5.2%). There was no locoregional recurrence in both group in follow up periods. Conclusion: After further follow-up, this study showed some differences in arm circumference between two groups. Arm node preserving was possible in all breast cancer patients with identifiable arm nodes, during ALND or SLNB, except for those with high surgical N stage, and lymphedema and locoregional recurrences did not develop in patients with arm node preserving surgery. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-05.
Abstract P4-11-17: Can We Specifiy the Minimum Breast Size at Which Therapeutic Mammoplasty Should Be Considered To Mitigate Radiotherapy Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Breast Conserving Surgery for Breast Cancer?
Authors: KV Lambert, GA Tanteles, J Mills, R Murray, P Chakraborti, S Chan, KL Cheung, A Osman, I Peat, P Woodings, J Barwell, C Talbot, P Symonds, S Shokuhi, AT. Stotter
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background For breast cancer patients undergoing breast conserving surgery, local complications after breast radiotherapy have in the past been shown to be proportional to breast size. Therapeutic mammoplasty is an option to extend the role of breast conserving surgery. In our units, it has been used in larger breasted women undergoing breast conserving surgery to reduce the risk of local radiotherapy complications. Aim The aim of this multicentre study was to determine, with modern radiotherapy dosing schedules, if it is possible to specify a minimum bra cup size at which therapeutic mammoplasty should be considered. Methods Recurrence free breast cancer patients (at least 3 years post conservative surgery and radiotherapy) were identified from three oncology follow up clinics in the United Kingdom. 50Gy in 25 fractions over 5 weeks prescribed to the 100% isodose at the ICRU reference point, on the central outline of the breast had been a typical dosing schedule. Radiotherapy effects were graded using the Late Effects of Normal Tissue-Subjective Objective Management Analytical (LENT-SOMA) score. A score of two or above was taken as representing that the particular toxicity variable was present. The relationship between radiotherapy toxicity variables was calculated using the Pearson correlation co-efficient. Results 479 breast cancer patients were assessed. Increasing cup size correlated with oedema (Pearson correlation co-efficient r=0.30, p=&amp;lt;0.0001), induration (r=0.31, p=&amp;lt;0.0001), telangiectasia (r=0.24, p=&amp;lt;0.0001), breast retraction (r=0.15, p=0.002) and pain (r=0.10, p=0.030). 2.3% of patients with cup size AA/A exhibited fibrosis, 6.6% with cup size B or C, 11.8% cup size D and 25.5% with cup size DD and above. Conclusion Local radiotherapy complications following breast conserving surgery for breast cancer remain proportional to breast size even with modern radiotherapy equipment and dosing schedules. This effect is most pronounced in women with a bra cup size D and above. For these women, therapeutic mammoplasty should be considered. Further work to identify the genetic determinants of normal-tissue radiation damage is underway to optimise the surgical decision. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-11-17.
Apply science, not politics
Authors: David Barer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Markus leaps from a discussion about outcomes to a plea to reorganise acute stroke care to improve access to thrombolysis.1 Not one patient received thrombolytic treatment in the studies he quotes, but such subtleties will be lost in the political hubbub about the NHS letting us all down yet again. It is frustrating that after 25 years' research, we have only one drug treatment, alteplase, which seems to work, and we only manage …
Abstract LB-41: Raising awareness of ovarian cancer: a rare disease with no screening test
Authors: Susan L. Leighton
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Approximately 21,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer annually. Although a relatively rare disease, it is extremely difficult to detect as there is no screening test available. There are symptoms even in early stages which are dismissed by patients as not being serious and often initially being attributed to benign causes by health professional not aware of the symptom complex associated with ovarian cancer. Awareness is the only tool currently available to help improve detection. Lilies of the Valley, an ovarian cancer support and awareness group in Huntsville, Alabama, has as its mission to educate, raise awareness and disseminate information about ovarian cancer to ovarian cancer patients and survivors, the general public and the medical community in the Tennessee Valley region. The Ovarian Cancer National Alliance has its mission to remain objective in providing information to the ovarian cancer community; it does not endorse any particular treatment, therapy, clinical trial or product. These two organizations raise awareness through two very unique and innovative programs, TEAL Talks and the Survivors Teaching Students: Saving Women's Lives. This poster examines the roles of these organizations and these programs in improving early detection of ovarian cancer through patient and health professional awareness. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-41. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-41
Voluntary fluid intake in the cold
Authors: S A Mears, S M Shirreffs
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

When exercising in a cold environment, fluid losses can occur via sweat, cold induced diuresis and respiration but failure to replace lost fluid is common in the cold due to a blunted thirst response (Kenefick et al. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2004; 36 ;1528–34). This study assessed voluntary fluid intake and measures of hydration status following moderate intensity exercise in the cold. Ten healthy males (age 22±2 years, mass 67.8±7.0 kg, height 1.77±0.06 m, VO 2peak 60.5±8.9 ml.kg.min -1 ) completed two trials following familiarisation separated by 7–14 days. In each trial, subjects sat for 30 min before cycling at 70% VO 2peak for 60 min in either 25.0±0.1°C, 50.8±1.5% RH (warm) or 0.4±1.0°C, 68.8±7.5% RH (cold). Subjects then sat for 120 min at 22.2±1.2°C, 50.5±8.0% RH. Ad libitum drinking was allowed during the exercise and recovery periods. Urine volume, body mass, serum osmolality and Na and K concentrations and sensations of thirst were measured at baseline, postexercise and after 60 and 120 min of the recovery period. Sweat loss was lower in the cold trial (0.48±0.15 l vs 0.96±0.18 l) (p&lt;0.0001) but body mass losses over the trials were similar: 1.15±0.34% versus 1.03±0.26% for cold and warm trials respectively. More fluid was consumed in the warm trial (0.81±0.42 l) compared to the cold (0.50±0.49 l) (p=0.001) replacing 51±17 and 33±27% of the total fluid lost respectively (p=0.013). Cumulative urine output was greater in the cold trial (0.81±0.46 vs 0.54±0.31 l) (p=0.036). Serum osmolality, Na and K concentrations, thirst sensations and plasma volume changes were not different between trials (p&gt;0.05). Postexercise serum osmolality was higher compared to baseline in the cold (292±2 vs 287±3 mOsm.kg -1 , p&lt;0.0001) and warm trials (288±5 vs 285±4 mOsm.kg -1 ; p=0.048). Voluntary fluid intake was less in the cold environment, however in both the warm and cold environment, ad libitum fluid intake, combined with fluid losses, resulted in similar changes in body mass.
Abstract 2679: Virtual screening of small molecule inhibitors towards the tumor suppressor p53 to overcome radioresistance of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Tolga Eichhorn, Thomas Efferth
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The tumor suppressor p53 belongs to the most frequently mutated genes in cancer, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). p53 is over-expressed in NPC, but the mutation rate is lower than in other tumor types. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that p53 might be involved in repair of DNA-damage after radiotherapy and causes recrudescence. Hence, the aim of the present investigation was to identify small molecule inhibitors for p53 to inhibit DNA repair after ionizing radiation of NPC. Approximately 260.000 2D-structures from NCI database were downloaded and different tautomers and charged stages between pH 5 and 9 were calculated for each compound. A total number of 906.587 drugs in different 3D-conformations have been generated for our virtual screening approach. By means of the Glide software and three-dimensional p53 structure based on the published crystal structure 1TUP from PDB database, 25 compounds have been identified as candidates to bind to the DNA-binding domain of p53. The best evaluated ligand (consisting 26 atoms) had the assigned binding energy of −8.41 kcal mol-1 in Glide. This outstanding binding was confirmed by using AutoDock which has result in −10.57 kcal mol-1. In comparison, the binding of PRIMA-1 as experimentally validated drug showed a binding energy of −6.30 kcal mol-1 after blind docking procedure with subsequent refinement. As a next step, the compounds identified in silico have been experimentally verified in vitro by means of Plasmon resonance spectroscopy. To prove, whether inhibition of DNA-binding of p53 by these small molecule inhibitors affect the response of the NPC cell line CNE1 towards ionizing radiation, the cytotoxicity of 0.5 – 16 Gy has been measured with and without addition of these small molecule inhibitors by XTT assays. Indeed, the addition of some of the identified candidate compounds were able to increase the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation. The present investigation indicates that the combination of ionizing radiation with novel small molecule inhibitors for p53 increased the killing rate of CNE1 cells. These data may have important implications for radiochemotherapy of NPC in the future. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2679.
Evidence For Immunoglobulin D In Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jin Young Min, Robert C. Kern, Kathryn E. Hulse, Rakesh Chandra, David Conley, Lydia Suh, Roderick Carter, James Norton, Julia H. Huang, Atsushi Kato, Robert P. Schleimer, Bruce K. Tan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Beneficial Effect of Tamoxifen for Women with DCIS: Long-Term Results from the UK/ANZ DCIS Trial in Women with Locally Excised DCIS.
Authors: J. Cuzick, I. Sestak, S. Pinder, I. Ellis, A. Hackshaw, N. Bundred, J. Forbes, H. Bishop, I. Fentiman, W. George
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Initial results of the UK/ANZ DCIS trial found that adjuvant radiotherapy reduced the recurrence of ipsilateral invasive breast cancer (BC) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) by 55% and 64% respectively, but the effect of tamoxifen was smaller (Lancet 2003, 362: 95-102). Here, we report an updated analysis of this trial.Methods: 1701 women with completely locally excised DCIS were enrolled in a randomised 2x2 trial of radiotherapy, tamoxifen or both. Elective decision to withhold or provide one of the treatments was also permitted and long-term follow-up was performed by treating hospitals. Seven patients were excluded due to protocol violations leaving 1694 patients available for analysis.Results: After a median follow-up of 12.7 years, a total of 376 breast cancers were diagnosed; 162 invasive (122 ipsilateral; 39 contralateral) and 197 DCIS (173 ipsilateral; 17 contralateral). Radiotherapy continued to reduce the incidence of ipsilateral invasive disease (HR=0.32 (0.19-0.56), P&amp;lt;0.0001) and ipsilateral DCIS (HR=0.38 (0.22-0.63), P&amp;lt;0.0001), but had no significant effect on contralateral breast cancer (HR=0.84 (0.45-1.58)). Tamoxifen significantly reduced all recurrences by 29% (HR=0.71 (0.58-0.88), P=0.002) (Figure 1). This consisted of a 30% (HR=0.70 (0.51-0.86)) reduction in recurrent ipsilateral DCIS, a small 5% (HR=0.95 (0.66-1.38)) reduction in ipsilateral invasive disease, and a 56% (HR=0.44 (0.25-0.77)) reduction in contralateral tumours. Overall, women randomised to radiotherapy and not receiving tamoxifen had a 59% reduction in recurrence (HR=0.41 (0.30-0.57), P&amp;lt;0.0001), whereas those randomised to tamoxifen and not receiving radiotherapy had an overall reduction of 29% (HR=0.71 (0.57-0.87), P=0.001).Conclusion: This updated analysis confirms the long-term benefit of radiotherapy in women with DCIS treated by complete local excision and also established a benefit for tamoxifen. Ongoing work will examine in detail which subsets of tumours (e.g. high grade, oestrogen receptor positive) will benefit most from these treatments. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 34.
P120 Shared Decision Making In A Pulmonary Rehabilitation Setting For Copd Patients
Authors: C. Madsen, J. Tomkinson
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3></h3> Title: Evidence of Shared Decision Making in a <b>COPD education and supported self-management group setting.</b> <b>Authors: </b>Jen Tomkinson, Advanced Respiratory Physiotherapist, Specialist Services (Long Term Conditions) Bristol Community Health CIC; Claire Madsen, Consultant Physiotherapist; Bristol Community Health CIC <h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Shared Decision Making (SDM) is a patient centred, research based approach which empowers patients to work in partnership with health professionals to manage their long term conditions. There is no published data of shared decision making within group education for COPD patients to date. <h3>Methods</h3> 20 semi-structured interviews were performed to obtain quantitative and qualitative data from COPD patients who had recently attended an education and supported self-management group held over six weeks. Data collection was performed by allied health professionals who do not work in the COPD clinic. Questionnaires were reviewed and amended by a Questionnaire Users, Interviews and Surveys group prior to use. <h3>Results</h3> (see Table) Qualitative feedback provided by patients supported the quantitative results and ranged from neutral to highly positive in nature, with several patients reporting significant impact on their quality of life, confidence in supported self-management, increased exercise participation, physical function, and social participation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> COPD patients attending a six weeks education and supported self-management group reported significant understanding of information, increased understanding of treatment options, and increased education and ability to self-manage. <h3>References</h3> Collins A (2011)The Kings Fund Report: ‘Making shared decision-making a reality: No decision about me, without me’ Coulter A (2009) ‘Implementing Shared Decision Making in the UK’: A Report for The Health Foundation
FRI0064 Obesity is associated with current and future disability in early inflammatory polyarthritis: Results from the norfolk arthritis register (NOAR):
Authors: J.H. Humphreys, S. Verstappen, D. Bunn, H. Mirjafari, M. Lunt, I. Bruce, D. Symmons
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Functional disability, usually measured using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), is a key outcome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The influence of body mass index (BMI) on disease outcomes such as disability in RA is unclear. Obesity, (BMI ≥30kg/m<sup>2</sup>), is a recognised cause of chronic disability in the general population and has been to be associated with poor functional outcome in established RA. It is unknown whether this is also the case in early inflammatory polyarthritis (IP). With the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide, any such association will be increasingly important when trying to achieve optimal outcomes for RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the prevalence of obesity in an inception cohort of patients with early IP To investigate the influence of BMI on functional disability at baseline and after 1 year <h3>Methods</h3> Patients age ≥16 with ≥2 swollen joints for ≥4 weeks were recruited into the Norfolk Arthritis Register (NOAR) between 2000 and 2009. Baseline clinical and demographic data were obtained through a standard questionnaire administered by a research nurse who also examined the joints and measured height and weight. Blood samples were taken for CRP, rheumatoid factor and anti-ccp antibody estimation. Patients completed the HAQ. Follow up at 1 year included repeat examination and HAQ. Univariate and multivariate ordinal regression were used to examine the influence of initial BMI on HAQ at baseline and after 1 year. <h3>Results</h3> 887 patients were studied. 585 (66%) were female, mean age (SD) 56 (14) years. At baseline 61 (20%) men and 180 (30%) women were obese; 147 (49%) men and 188 (33%) womene were overweight. Obesity was associated with worse functional outcome in NOAR both cross-sectionally at baseline and in longitudinal analysis. This association was independent of age, gender, smoking status, disease activity score (DAS28), autoantibodies and number of comorbidities. There was no association between being overweight and functional disability <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study has shown that obesity (and not overweight) at baseline is associated with an increased likelihood of higher HAQ group both at baseline and one year later, independent of disease activity. This relationship should be taken into account when interpreting HAQ in clinical practice. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 4051: MiR-181b expression levels decreases during the progression of the Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: a new potential prognostic tool
Authors: Rosa Visone, Angelo Veronese, Laura Z. Rassenti, Veronica Balatti, Cristian Taccioli, Thomas J. Kipps, Carlo M. Croce
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) the prognosis is extremely variable, ranging from a very short to a normal lifespan. Classic clinical stages, based on biologic and clinical parameters, have been the most important factor for assessing prognosis in CLL patients; however, they are not devoid of limitations. Therefore, investigations are ongoing for searching new parameters in an attempt to add prognostic power to clinical stages. In this study we performed a genome-wide microRNA expression profiling to investigate the role of microRNA genes in the progression of CLL and to develop better prognostic indicators of these disease. We compared paired samples from CLL patients having an indolent and stable disease with their progressed aggressive form. We found that miR-181b was consistently down-regulated in the aggressive form of the disease compared to its previous stable counterpart. Further studies on serial time points from the same patient demonstrated that the strong decrease of the miR-181b expression levels occurs before the disease is clearly aggressive Moreover, we observed that the miR-181b expression remain constant over the time in two time points from CLL patients having a stable course; entailing a decreased levels of the miR-181b in the aggressive form of the CLL as a specific effect due to the progression of the disease. Finally in this study we investigate the biological role of the putative prognostic indicator related to the TCL1A, which is a critical gene in the pathogenesis of the CLL. In conclusion our data hint a prognostic role of the miR-181b in CLL. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4051.