tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA27: Advances in oligonucleotide chemistry for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and brain tumors
Authors: Anastasia Khvorova
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract RNA interference has revolutionized human functional genomics and therapeutics, but its impact on the development of new therapies for cancer has been surprisingly limited, due mainly to the lack of simple and efficient methods to deliver oligonucleotides to tumors, especially those located in the brain. Our research shows that many cell types, including tumor, glial and neuronal, rapidly internalize fully stabilized, hydrophobically modified siRNAs (hsiRNAs) added directly to the culture medium and that hsiRNAs induce potent and long-lasting silencing in vitro. A single injection of unformulated hsiRNA (cholesterol-conjugated) into mouse brain silences locally with great potency and longevity in primary tumor, glial and neuronal cells. Limited distribution from the site of administration interferes with addressing metastasis, thus limiting the clinical utility to treatment of primary tumors only. Using fully chemically modified siRNA scaffolds, we systematically screened a wide range of bioactive conjugates and demonstrated that the chemical nature of the conjugation modality has a major impact on brain tissue retention, distribution and selectivity of cellular uptake. We have identified several novel chemical classes of conjugates that demonstrate markedly improved brain distribution and robust in vivo efficacy, with some showing selective tumor, glia or neuronal uptake. Direct conjugation of a fully chemically modified siRNA to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the most abundant poly-unsaturated fatty acid in the brain, results in improved tissue retention with wide distribution and robust efficacy in the striatum and cortex after a single injection. Most importantly, DHA-hsiRNA conjugates do not induce neural cell death or measurable innate immune activation following the administration of concentrations 20-fold over the efficacious dose. Interestingly, variants of DHA-based conjugates support preferential delivery to glia cells, establishing a new approach toward targeted development of RNAi-based therapeutics for glioblastomas and other glia-associated cancers. Citation Format: Anastasia Khvorova. Advances in oligonucleotide chemistry for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and brain tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr IA27.
Differences in repeated psychiatric examinations of litigants to a lawsuit
Authors: J Zusman, J Simon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Repeated psychiatric examinations of 42 litigants were compared to determine reasons for differences in findings by experts hired by the defendant and by the plaintiffs. The lawsuit resulted from the collapse of a coal slag heap in Buffalo Creek, W. Va., in 1972. All psychiatric reports prepared for the trial were screened. Experts for the two sides differed systematically over the extent of recovery from psychiatric symptoms and in other areas. Changes in the plaintiffs' mental statuses over time are shown not to be the cause. Extraneous factors, such as "forensic identification," the subtle influence of adversarial proceedings on initially neutral witnesses, are shown to play a part.
Sulfhydryl Groups in the Skin of the Mouse and Guinea Pig2
Authors: Arthur Z. Eisen, William Montagna, Herman B. Chase
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Journal Article Sulfhydryl Groups in the Skin of the Mouse and Guinea Pig Get access Arthur Z. Eisen, Arthur Z. Eisen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William Montagna, William Montagna Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Herman B. Chase Herman B. Chase Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 2, October 1953, Pages 341–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.2.341 Published: 01 October 1953 Article history Received: 27 April 1953 Published: 01 October 1953
Benign hepatocellular nodules of healthy liver: focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma
Authors: Massimo Roncalli, Amedeo Sciarra, Luca Di Tommaso
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2016)

Owing to the progress of imaging techniques, benign hepatocellular nodules are increasingly discovered in the clinical practice. This group of lesions mostly arises in the context of a putatively normal healthy liver and includes either pseudotumoral and tumoral nodules. Focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma are prototypical examples of these two categories of nodules. In this review we aim to report the main pathological criteria of differential diagnosis between focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma, which mainly rests upon morphological and phenotypical features. We also emphasize that for a correct diagnosis the clinical context such as sex, age, assumption of oral contraceptives, associated metabolic or vascular disturbances is of paramount importance. While focal nodular hyperplasia is a single entity epidemiologically more frequent than adenoma, the latter is representative of a more heterogeneous group which has been recently and extensively characterized from a clinical, morphological, phenotypical and molecular profile. The use of the liver biopsy in addition to imaging and the clinical context are important diagnostic tools of these lesions. In this review we will survey their systematic pathobiology and propose a diagnostic algorithm helpful to increase the diagnostic accuracy of not dedicated liver pathologists. The differential diagnosis between so-called typical and atypical adenoma and well differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma will also be discussed. Keywords: Hepatocellular adenoma; Focal nodular hyperplasia; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Differential diagnosis; Liver biopsy
Schizophrenia and prenatal exposure to the 1957 A2 influenza epidemic in Croatia
Authors: L Erlenmeyer-Kimling, Z Folnegović, V Hrabak-Zerjavić, B Borcić, V Folnegović-Smalc, E Susser
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors present data from the Republic of Croatia on schizophrenia rates in a birth cohort prenatally exposed to the 1957 A2 influenza epidemic and in comparison (unexposed) birth cohorts. The rate of schizophrenia did not differ significantly between the exposed and unexposed cohorts.
Duration and symptoms of bipolar prodromes
Authors: G Molnar, M G Feeney, G A Fava
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The duration and symptoms of manic and depressive prodromes of 20 bipolar patients showed much interindividual variation. However, these features were consistent in successive episodes of the same type in the same patient. Manic prodromes were longer than depressive prodromes.
Optimal drug and behavior therapy for treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients
Authors: R P Liberman, T Van Putten, B D Marshall, J Mintz, L Bowen, T G Kuehnel, M Aravagiri, S R Marder
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Thirteen treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients (10 men and three women) who were receiving more than 50 mg/day of haloperidol and who had been hospitalized for more than 1 year successfully tolerated a mean dose reduction of 63% with consequent improvement in psychopathology and side effects. The addition of intensive behavior therapy to the optimal dose of haloperidol yielded further improvements in functional behavior, such as self-care and social interaction.
In Inanitatem
Authors: Montgomery M. Neal
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Knowing Dr. G. G. Liddle's abiding interest about "in" things, he may be eager to learn that among all wildlife imported to the United States in 1972, fish (primarily tropical) led the list. According to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, US Department of the Interior, the number of imported fish reached an all-time high-112,291,686. Not close, but running second, were (guess what)<i>fish eggs</i>! The number was 3,580,000. I wonder who counts all that fishy stuff. Perhaps we can discuss the matter at the inn when next I am in Bloomington.
Stillbirths and neonatal deaths vary significantly across UK, figures show
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The incidence of stillbirth and neonatal death varies considerably among different NHS trusts and health boards across the United Kingdom, warns a report on all births in 2014 that calls for any organisations with higher than average rates to carry out a local review.1

The report found a small decrease in the number of stillbirths in the UK as a whole in 2014 from the previous year (3252, down from 3286). Neonatal deaths also decreased slightly (1381, down from 1436). This gave a crude extended perinatal mortality rate of 5.92 per 1000 live births, comprising 4.16 stillbirths per 1000 total births and 1.77 neonatal deaths per 1000 live births.

“These mortality rates are still higher than those reported by the best performing …
Prospective Blinded Study of BRAFV600E Mutation Detection in Cell-Free DNA of Patients with Systemic Histiocytic Disorders
Authors: David M. Hyman, Eli Diamond, Cecile Rose Vibat, Latifa Hassaine, Jason Poole, Minal Patel, Veronica Holley, Goran Cabrilo, Timothy T. Lu, Maria Arcila, Young Rock Chung, Raajit K. Rampal, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Jose Baselga, Razelle Kurzrock, Mark Erlander, Filip Janku, Omar Abdel-Wahab
Journal: Blood (2014)
PROPHYLACTIC INOCULATION AGAINST YELLOW FEVER
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Parkinson Disease
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Parkinson Disease Parkinson disease involves the nervous system, specifically, movement and control of muscles.Parkinson disease affects more than 1 million individuals in the United States.Because it is more common in older persons, the incidence (number of new cases) of Parkinson disease is increasing as the population grows older.Parkinson disease was first described in 1817 and was originally called "shaking palsy."Medical researchers later discovered that parkinsonian symptoms were due to degeneration of nerve cells in an area of the brain called the substantia nigra.These cells supply dopamine, a chemical that modulates movement, to other areas of the brain called the basal ganglia.Parkinson disease is progressive and leads to severe limitations in activity and quality of life if the disorder is not treated.Neurologists (doctors who specialize in treating diseases of the nervous system) and neurosurgeons (doctors who specialize in surgery of the nervous system) individualize each person' s treatment to manage the symptoms and slow the progress of Parkinson disease.The January 21, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article about treatment of Parkinson disease.
Educational objectives in psychiatric residency training: a survey of training directors and residents
Authors: C L Bowden, W H Sledge, F J Humphrey, M Kromer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors surveyed 200 physicians completing their psychiatric residencies on the importance and achievement of 124 core training objectives. One hundred thirty (65%) of the residents and all 23 of the training directors of the programs selected responded. As a group, residents viewed a substantial number of the objectives as less important, and less well accomplished, than did their training directors. The discordantly rated objectives fell in several basic areas of psychiatric competence, such as the management of schizophrenia and drug side effects. Certain objectives were rated at a lower level of accomplishment by residents from smaller programs. Possible factors accounting for these differences are briefly considered.
THE SKULL OF SIR THOMAS BROWNE
Authors: A. Keith, K. Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1922)

IT may be known to some readers of NATURE that the skull of Sir Thomas Browne has recently been reinterred at Norwich, but that previously it came to London, where careful measurements, drawings, and tracings of it were made. It is proposed to publish a full account of the skull in Biometrika, but it would add much to the interest of the proposed monograph if it were accompanied by a series of reproductions of the portraits and engravings of one of the most noteworthy of Englishmen who have combined the study of medicine with the pursuit of literature.
Smaller right ear (left hemisphere) advantage for dichotic fused words in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: G Bruder, E Rabinowicz, J Towey, A Brown, C A Kaufmann, X Amador, D Malaspina, J M Gorman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The purposes of this study were to compare right ear (left hemisphere) advantage for dichotic words in schizophrenia and depression and to assess its association with antipsychotic medication, symptom ratings, and gender.Thirty-two schizophrenic patients and 65 patients with major depression were given the Fused Rhymed Words Test, a dichotic listening measure of hemispheric dominance for language.An earlier finding of smaller left hemisphere advantage in schizophrenic patients was replicated. There was no significant change in ear advantage in a subgroup of the schizophrenic patients tested when they were taking neuroleptics and when they were not. The smaller left hemisphere advantage in the schizophrenic patients was not dependent on gender but was related to symptom ratings on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.The findings are consistent with a left hemisphere dysfunction in schizophrenia, which is associated with positive symptoms.
Bimodality versus trimodality therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at the British Columbia Cancer Agency: Favorable outcomes and low treatment-related mortality with multidisciplinary patient selection
Authors: S. Sun, F. Sheehan, K. Goddard, B. Melosky, R. Finley, C. Grafton, K. Evans, N. Murray
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7233 Background: The benefit of surgical resection after induction chemoradiation for locally advanced NSCLC is controversial. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of combined modality therapy. Methods: Between 1998 and 2004, 68 patients with stage IIB (n=2) and III (n=66) NSCLC, median age 57, good performance status and minimal weight loss were selected by a multidisciplinary team. 20 patients were inoperable at diagnosis and received concurrent chemoradiation alone. 48 patients received chemoradiation, followed by surgery if feasible. 25/48 patients were candidates for surgery after their induction chemoradiation. 1 patient refused surgery and 3 patients were inoperable at thoracotomy. Results: In total, 43 patients received concurrent chemoradiation alone (18 received higher dose 50–61Gy radiation and 25 received 40–45Gy). The median survival for all bimodality patients was 21 months with a 4-year survival of 28%. Patients receiving a higher dose of radiation had a median survival of 24 months and a 4-year survival of 48% as compared to 17 months and 16% for patients receiving lower dose radiation. For trimodality patients, the median survival was 47 months with a 4-year survival of 44%. 20/21 (95%) of patients who underwent resection had pathologic downstaging of their tumor (6 patients with no residual disease). There were no treatment-related deaths. Conclusions: Combined modality therapy is safe and feasible in selected patients. Bimodality patients receiving higher dose radiotherapy appeared to have a longer median survival and higher 4 year survival rate. The observed pathologic complete response rate (29%) was similar to previous reports. The favorable results seen with the trimodality approach reflect careful multidisciplinary patient selection. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract B48: Epigenetic reprogramming of mitochondrial and metabolic functions plays a key role in arginine-deprivation based cancer therapy
Authors: Hung-Jung Wang, Yen-Ling Yu, Sheng-Chieh Hsu, Cheng-Chin Kuo, Wen-Ching Wang, Chin-Pin Shuu, Hsing-Jien Kung
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Arginine deprivation has recently emerged as a promising cancer therapy, targeting tumor metabolism. This is due to the selective silencing of argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1) gene in many cancer types, rendering them “addicted” to external arginine. PEGylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20), which effectively metabolizes arginine into citrulline and ammonia, has shown promising results in clinical trials for treating a variety of cancers. We have previously shown that ADI-PEG20 induces a novel type of tumor cell killing involving mitochondria dysfunction and chromatin autophagy, and that lysine demethylase KDM8 which regulates PKM2 plays an important role in tumor metabolism. We also observed in ADI-treated cells, the severe depletion of metabolites involved in glycolysis and glutaminolysis including alpha-ketoglutarate, a key cofactor for many of the KDMs. In parallel, many of the metabolic genes and nuclear genes involved in TCA cycles are coordinately down-modulated, which can be rescued by the addition of arginine. To study whether the coordinated gene repression is via epigenetic mechanism or due to the inhibition of KDMs, we analyzed the methylation status of histones at the promoter sites of metabolic genes, and found consistent accumulation of histone marks associated with transcriptional repression in ADI-PEG20-treated cells. Our results thus suggest that epigenetic reprogramming plays an important a role in the coordinated repression of metabolic gene expression in arginine-deprived cells. Citation Format: Hung-Jung Wang, Yen-Ling Yu, Sheng-Chieh Hsu, Cheng-Chin Kuo, Wen-Ching Wang, Chin-Pin Shuu, Hsing-Jien Kung. Epigenetic reprogramming of mitochondrial and metabolic functions plays a key role in arginine-deprivation based cancer therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Sep 24-27, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B48.
Abstract B1-30: Receptor-level feedback mechanisms distinguish frequency- and amplitude-modulated ERK activation
Authors: Breanne Sparta, Michael Pargett, Kevin Distor, Marta Minguet, John G. Albeck
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Receptor tyrosine kinases transduce signals through ERK and drive distinct cellular behaviors, but it is not clear how dynamic patterns of ERK activity are generated. To approach this question quantitatively, we have generated an epithelial cell line expressing a tunable version of the canonical nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor TrkA. Upon NGF stimulation, we visualized the dynamics of ERK activity in live cells using an improved fluorescent reporter for ERK activity, EKAR3. Examination of the NGF receptor pathway in isolation revealed that stimulation with NGF promotes a prolonged ERK activity pulse that is amplitude-modulated by the concentration of the stimulus, in contrast to the frequency modulation observed in the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-RAS-ERK pathway. This result implies that the primary determinants of ERK kinetics are the unique set of signaling proteins recruited to the activating receptor. To dissect the context in which ERK is activated in respect to parallel signaling pathways, we have engineered mutant NGF receptors that cannot be phosphorylated at one or more of the three adaptor binding sites and characterized how each signaling pathway contributes to the pattern of dynamic ERK activity. Furthermore, because our NGF receptor expression system allows the tunable and quantifiable expression of receptor levels, we have evaluated the effect of receptor number on ERK kinetics in single cells. Our findings indicate that the dynamics of ERK activity are in fact decided at the receptor-level and may explain how different receptor tyrosine kinase profiles in cancer cells modulate distinct patterns of ERK activity. Citation Format: Breanne Sparta, Michael Pargett, Kevin Distor, Marta Minguet, John G. Albeck. Receptor-level feedback mechanisms distinguish frequency- and amplitude-modulated ERK activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-30.
Risk Factors, Methods, and Timing of Suicide Attempts Among US Army Soldiers
Authors: Robert J. Ursano, Ronald C. Kessler, Murray B. Stein, James A. Naifeh, Pablo A. Aliaga, Carol S. Fullerton, Gary H. Wynn, Patti L. Vegella, Tsz Hin Hinz Ng, Bailey G. Zhang, Christina L. Wryter, Nancy A. Sampson, Tzu-Cheg Kao, Lisa J. Colpe, Michael Schoenbaum, James E. McCarroll, Kenneth L. Cox, Steven G. Heeringa
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Suicide attempts in the US Army have risen in the past decade. Understanding the association between suicide attempts and deployment, as well as method and timing of suicide attempts, can assist in developing interventions.
Dose-dependent effect of AHPrBP in malignant hypercalcemia: wishful thinking and facts.
Authors: D Thiébaud, P Burckhardt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1988.6.10.1666 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3171633 Dose-dependent effect of AHPrBP in malignant hypercalcemia: wishful thinking and facts. D ThiébaudxD ThiébaudSearch for articles by this author , P BurckhardtxP BurckhardtSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1988.6.10.1666 PDF "Dose-dependent effect of AHPrBP in malignant hypercalcemia: wishful thinking and facts.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 6(10), pp. 1666–1667© 1988 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
New NCCN Guidelines for Vulvar Cancer
Authors: Benjamin E Greer, Wui-Jin Koh
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

For the first time, NCCN Guidelines are available for vulvar cancer, a rare gynecologic cancer. Early-stage cancers can be managed by surgery and observation, and many of these patients can be cured. Lymph node status drives treatment and correlates with survival. Positive groinal nodes require additional therapy, including radiation plus chemotherapy, depending on stage. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is recommended in selected patients.