tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Decreased Gastrin Secretion in Patients with Late-Onset Hypogammaglobulinemia
Authors: Gijsbert den Hartog, Jos W.M. van der Meer, Jan B.M.J. Jansen, Ralph van Furth, Ralph van Furth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

We undertook this study to determine whether patients with late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia, who are at very high risk for gastric cancer, have a reduced secretion of gastrin after stimulation with food or bombesin, a potent gastrin-releasing stimulus. We compared the plasma gastrin responses to bombesin and to a standard test meal in 18 patients with late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia with those in patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia, early-onset hypogammaglobulinemia, or hypogammaglobulinemia due to lymphoproliferative cancer, and in 30 normal control subjects. Thirteen of 18 patients with late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia (72 percent) had an abnormally low gastrin response to bombesin, as compared with none of 21 patients with other forms of hypogammaglobulinemia (P<0.05). After a test meal, abnormally low gastrin secretion was found in 6 of 14 patients with late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia (43 percent) and in 1 of 18 patients with other forms of the disease (6 percent) (P not significant). The plasma gastrin responses to stimulation with bombesin or food distinguished late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia from other forms, with sensitivities of 72 and 43 percent and specificities of 100 and 94 percent, respectively. Stimulated gastrin response can therefore be used as a marker for this type of immunodeficiency. The test responses also showed heterogeneity among patients with late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia and may help to identify patients with an increased risk for gastric cancer. (N Engl J Med 1988; 318:1563–7.)
Alan Montague Johnson
Authors: Peter Johnson
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Above all a gifted clinician, diagnostician, and teacher, Alan Montague Johnson employed humour, firmness of purpose, erudition, and hard work in the treatment of his patients, in teaching, and in many additional duties.

Born and schooled in Oxford, one of seven children, he entered medicine through King’s College London and Westminster Medical School, first in wartime Birmingham and then London. His final student year was interrupted by miliary and cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis. In pre-antibiotic times it took a year to overcome this, but he considered it had made him a better doctor. After nine …
Abstract P2-01-13: Prognostic value of Circulating Tumor Cells count at progressive disease after first line chemotherapy metastatic breast patients in a large prospective multicenter trial including serum tumor markers (IC 2006–04 study)
Authors: J-Y Pierga, D Hajage, T Bachelot, S Delaloge, E Brain, M Campone, B Asselain, PH Cottu, V Dieras, F-C Bidard
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The IC 2006–04 study included prospectively 267 metastatic breast cancer patients before the start of first line chemotherapy. We previously reported and confirmed the prognostic and predictive of CTC counts before the start of treatment and after 3–4 &amp; 6–9 weeks of treatment (Pierga, JY SABCS 2010, Ann Oncol 2012). We report here the results of the last CTC count performed at tumor progression (i.e. end of first line chemotherapy). Methods: Patients were included in the study from 06/07 to 9/09. CTC were counted by the CellSearch® system at tumor progression (clinical and/or radiological progression). Results: 211 patients experienced a tumor progression at time of final data analysis and the planned CTC count has been performed in 61 patients. High CTC count (≥5 CTC/7.5ml) at progression was observed in 22 patients (36%) and was associated with elevated Cyfra 21–1 and ALP and was not associated with elevated CEA, CA 15–3, LDH, the elapsed progression-free survival, the onset of new metastasis. No CTC was detected at tumor progression in the 5 patients with HER2+ disease, in line with our previous results. The prognostic markers for overall survival at tumor progression were high CTC count (median overall survival 8 vs 19 months, p = .0006) and elevated Cyfra 21–1 (p = .001). Other serum markers (CEA, CA15-3, ALP, LDH) and tumor subtypes had no prognostic value at univariate analysis. At multivariate analysis, the two prognostic factors for overall survival were high CTC count (RR = 2.3 p = 0.03) and elevated Cyfra 21–1 (RR = 3.6 p = 0.02). Conclusion: In the prospective IC 2006–04 study, among the different markers tested at tumor progression during the first line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer, high CTC count and elevated Cyfra 21–1 levels were the only two independent prognostic markers for overall survival. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-13.
DIGITAL MAMMOGRAPHY: SCREENING FOR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE?
Authors: Harvey S. Hecht, Laurie Margolies, Mary Salvatore, Sean Kotkin, Rowena Yip, Usman Baber, Vivian Bishay, Jagat Narula, David Yankelevitz, Claudia Henschke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
THE PSYCHONEUROSES
Authors: C. Macfie Campbell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1923)

In the large group of psychoneurotic patients, the main emphasis has not to be laid upon the same factors in all the cases. In some cases the disorder of a somatic system plays an important etiological rôle; in some cases there are definite emotional idiosyncrasies; in some patients special experiences have sensitized the patient in certain directions; in some there has been, even with fair equipment and with no obvious disorder of the simple emotional reactions, a balance impossible to maintain for an indefinite period. In some there are personal traits of very special nature which cannot be reduced to simpler elements. In the formulation of each case one must take into account the possibility of a disorder at each of many levels. In working at this large group of patients we still require very much more information as to the rôle played by the simple organic functions, while not neglecting the complicated development of elaborate psychological reactions. The detailed analysis of the special determination of the specific psychological reactions has been carried further than the other lines of investigation, owing to the enthusiasm of the psychoanalytic school. There remains much work to be done in regard to the rôle of the various systems (cardio-vascular, gastro-intestinal, etc.) in the setting of the emotional reactions; and the study of the personality along lines analogous to those suggested by Hoch and Amsden is an important field for further research.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for large superficial colorectal tumors using the “clip-flap method”
Authors: Katsumi Yamamoto, Shiro Hayashi, Hirotsugu Saiki, Naohiko Indo, Tasuku Nakabori, Masashi Yamamoto, Mitsuhiko Shibuya, Tsutomu Nishida, Makoto Ichiba, Masami Inada
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is technically difficult because of poor visualization and instability in the cutting area. Although mucosal flap formation improves visualization of the cutting area, it is difficult to achieve, especially in colorectal ESD. To facilitate mucosal flap formation, we developed the "clip-flap method" by substituting an endoclip for the mucosal flap until it is formed.The clip-flap method was applied to 114 of 119 large superficial colorectal tumors being treated by ESD. Therapeutic efficacy and safety were assessed.Mean tumor diameter, resected specimen diameter, and procedure time were 32.5 mm, 38.9 mm, and 82.0 minutes, respectively. The en bloc resection rate was 97.5 %. Intraoperative perforation occurred in one patient who was treated conservatively. A single endoclip was used for 92 lesions and improved visualization of the cutting area. A cross pattern of endoclips was used for 22 lesions and further stabilized the visual field, especially near the lateral side.The clip-flap method is a simple, safe, and effective option for ESD of large superficial colorectal tumors.
Abstract 939: Mechanistic basis of tamoxifen-associated development of endocrine resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Anna Bergamaschi, Benita Katzenellenbogen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Many estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers respond well initially to endocrine therapies, but often develop resistance during treatment with SERMs such as tamoxifen. We have reported that the 14-3-3 family member and conserved protein, 14-3-3ζ, is up-regulated by tamoxifen and that high expression correlated with an early time to disease recurrence. However, the mechanism by which tamoxifen up-regulates 14-3-3ζ and may promote the development of endocrine resistance is not known. Our findings reveal that the tamoxifen up-regulation of 14-3-3ζ results from its ability to rapidly down-regulate a microRNA that specifically targets 14-3-3ζ. The levels of 14-3-3ζ and this microRNA were always inversely correlated, with 14-3-3ζ being elevated and the microRNA being at a low down-regulated level in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Of note, down-regulation of the microRNA was selectively elicited by tamoxifen but not by other SERMs such as raloxifene or by the estrogen receptor down-regulator ICI182,780 (Fulvestrant). Reducing the cellular level of 14-3-3ζ by either antagomiR blockade of the tamoxifen suppression of the microRNA or by elevation of the intracellular level of the microRNA by over-expression resulted in decreased cell proliferation and colony formation, increased apoptosis, and very importantly, restoration of the growth inhibitory effectiveness of SERMs in endocrine-resistant breast cancer cells. Restoration of responsiveness to endocrine therapy was also accompanied by markedly reduced activation of HER2, EGFR, and MAPK signaling, key components in endocrine resistance. Thus, we identify tamoxifen down-regulation of a microRNA, and consequent elevation of the key survival factor 14-3-3ζ, as a mechanistic basis of tamoxifen-associated development of endocrine resistance. These findings suggest that therapeutic approaches that increase expression of this microRNA should be considered to down-regulate 14-3-3ζ and enhance the effectiveness of endocrine therapies. Furthermore, the observed differential effects of the two SERMs, tamoxifen and raloxifene, in regulation of this microRNA and 14-3-3ζ, may assist in understanding differences in the activities of these SERMs, as seen in the STAR breast cancer prevention trial and in other clinical trials. (Supported by a grant from The Breast Cancer Foundation to BSK and a postdoctoral fellowship from the Department of Defense (W81XWH-09-1-0398) to AB.) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 939. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-939
Abstract 521: Impaired migration of human fibrosarcoma cells HT1080 on glycated collagen type I
Authors: Georges Said, Marie Guilbert, Emilie Millerot-Serrurot, Laurence Schneider, Christine Terryn, Roselyne Garnotel, Pierre Jeannesson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Although a strict link does exist between cancer and aging, elderly patients present less invasive tumors than their younger counterparts. During aging, the fibrillar collagen type I, which is an abundant component of the extracellular matrix, becomes a prominent target of post-translational modifications such as glycation. Our present study is mainly designed to investigate the effect of non-enzymatic glycation of this long-lived protein on the proliferation and migration of human fibrosarcoma cells HT1080. For this purpose, collagen type I extracted from rat tail tendons was used for in vitro glycoxydation with ribose. Tumor cell behaviour was then evaluated on 2-dimensional plastic surfaces coated with native or glycated collagen type I. Results showed that the proliferation rate of HT1080 cells on glycated collagen type I did not differ from that on native collagen I after 1, 2 and 3 days of culture. Furthermore, the migration ability of HT1080 cells was studied by quantifying cell speed and trajectories via time-lapse videomicroscopy. At day 1, glycated collagen type I distinctly slowed down the cell locomotion by decreasing the mean cell speed by 47% (20.2 μm/h for glycated versus 38.3 μm/h for its native form). Continuous single cell tracking also permitted the investigation of cell trajectories. Cells grown on glycated collagen exhibited shorter or circular trajectories around their starting point in accordance with the cell speed inhibition. Because actin and vinculin appeared as key proteins involved in cell locomotion, we next investigated the effect of glycated collagen on the organization of these proteins in individual cells in motion. Cells exhibited a dramatic disorganization of F-actin cytoskeleton with loss of stress fibers as compared to native collagen. Actin was principally localized at the rim of the cell. Disturbance of actin integrity was accompanied with a disorganization of vinculin that also localized at the cell periphery. The impact of glycated collagen on the non-receptor protein tyrosine kinase FAK, which plays a crucial role in focal adhesion formation and cell locomotion, was also evaluated. We found that at day 1, glycated collagen significantly inhibits FAK expression by 39% but did not affect their phosphorylation state. These data clearly suggest that age-related changes of extracellular matrix proteins may contribute to a less invasive behaviour of tumor cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 521.
Transcriptomic and epigenomic characterization of the developing bat wing
Authors: Walter L Eckalbar, Stephen A Schlebusch, Mandy K Mason, Zoe Gill, Ash V Parker, Betty M Booker, Sierra Nishizaki, Christiane Muswamba-Nday, Elizabeth Terhune, Kimberly A Nevonen, Nadja Makki, Tara Friedrich, Julia E VanderMeer, Katherine S Pollard, Lucia Carbone, Jeff D Wall, Nicola Illing, Nadav Ahituv
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)

Nadav Ahituv, Nicola Illing, Jeff Wall and colleagues sequence the genome of the bat Miniopterus natalensis and perform RNA-seq and ChIP-seq (H3K27ac and H3K27me3) analyses on its developing forelimb and hindlimb autopods at sequential embryonic stages. Their analyses identify genomic regions that may contribute to bat wing formation. Bats are the only mammals capable of powered flight, but little is known about the genetic determinants that shape their wings. Here we generated a genome for Miniopterus natalensis and performed RNA-seq and ChIP-seq (H3K27ac and H3K27me3) analyses on its developing forelimb and hindlimb autopods at sequential embryonic stages to decipher the molecular events that underlie bat wing development. Over 7,000 genes and several long noncoding RNAs, including Tbx5-as1 and Hottip, were differentially expressed between forelimb and hindlimb, and across different stages. ChIP-seq analysis identified thousands of regions that are differentially modified in forelimb and hindlimb. Comparative genomics found 2,796 bat-accelerated regions within H3K27ac peaks, several of which cluster near limb-associated genes. Pathway analyses highlighted multiple ribosomal proteins and known limb patterning signaling pathways as differentially regulated and implicated increased forelimb mesenchymal condensation in differential growth. In combination, our work outlines multiple genetic components that likely contribute to bat wing formation, providing insights into this morphological innovation.
Peut-on boire deux heures avant une endoscopie haute sous anesthésie générale?
Authors: A Parzy, S Eloumou, R Masson, C Poignavant, B Dupont, S Viennot, E Vastel, C Joubert, MA Piquet
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: Bien qu'il y ait des recommandations autorisant les liquides clairs jusqu'à 2h avant une anesthésie générale (AG), le jeûne strict reste une habitude en raison de la crainte d'une inhalation. Pourtant, des études en chirurgie ont montré l'intérêt d'une boisson glucidique préopératoire sur le confort des patients sans modification du volume gastrique résiduel par rapport au jeûne. Le but de l'étude était d'évaluer chez des patients adressés pour une endoscopie haute sous AG, l'effet d'une boisson glucidique préanesthésique sur le confort pré et postopératoire, la force musculaire et le volume résiduel gastrique.
AB1080 Effect of serum urate level on prevention of flare in acute gouty arthritis patients with canakinumab
Authors: P. Sunkureddi, N. Schlesinger, T. Kiechle, A. Shpilsky, A. So
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Lowering serum urate (SU) level is considered to be the mainstay of gouty arthritis (GA) therapy. SU levels below 6mg/dL favor dissociation of monosodium urate deposits (microtophi and visible tophi) in the joints and therefore these patients are less likely to flare. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore the impact of baseline SU level on the occurrence of new flares in patients treated for acute GA with anti-inflammatory therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective exploratory analysis using a multivariate logistic regression model predicting new flare was performed using the pooled data of 454 patients from two, pivotal 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, double dummy, active-controlled studies (β-RELIEVED and β-RELIEVED II). In these two studies, GA patients (meeting preliminary ACR-1977 criteria) with flare duration ≤5 days and contraindicated, intolerant or unresponsive to NSAIDs and/or colchicine were randomized to receive a single dose of canakinumab 150mg sc or triamcinolone acetonide (TA) 40mg im and were re-dosed "on demand" on each new flare. Patient's baseline characteristics deemed to be indicative of GA disease severity were prescreened using a likelihood ratio test in a series of logistic regression models with treatment and a single covariate candidate. <h3>Results</h3> In a single predictor model, SU level was not found to be a statistically significant (p=0.21) predictor of new flare, while number of tophi locations, frequency of flares, and number of joints (&gt;1) affected by acute GA flare were found highly significant predictors of new flare (p&lt;0.05) in both the single predictor models and multivariate analysis. When added to the severity adjusted multivariate model, SU level appears to be a noise variable (p=0.50) compared to the triplet of the strongest determinants of reflare. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Results of this retrospective exploratory analysis show that baseline SU level was not a predictor of new flares in patients receiving anti-inflammatory therapy for acute GA, suggesting that GA severity may be more closely related to the prevention of flare than the baseline SU level. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> P. Sunkureddi Consultant for: Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, UCB, Pfizer., Speakers Bureau: Novartis, Bristol Myers Squibb, UCB, Pfizer., N. Schlesinger Grant/Research support from: Novartis, Consultant for: Novartis, URL Pharma, Savient, Takeda, Rx Enzyme, Speakers Bureau: Novartis, Takeda, Savient, T. Kiechle Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. Shpilsky Shareholder of: Novartis, Employee of: Novartis, A. So Grant/Research support from: Novartis, Consultant for: Novartis, Ardea, Speakers Bureau: Novartis, Ardea, Menarini
Authors' reply to Noble and colleagues and Liew and colleagues
Authors: G. C. M. Siontis, I. Tzoulaki, K. C. Siontis, J. P. A. Ioannidis
Journal: BMJ (2012)

We agree with Noble and colleagues that impact studies are important for understanding what can be achieved with different predictive models in real practice.1 2 In our systematic review we focused only on existing comparisons of the risk models’ predictive ability (as quantified by discrimination, calibration, or reclassification metrics). Evaluation …
Abstract 4937: KIF3A promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via activation of Dvl2 and the Wnt signaling pathway.
Authors: Zun Liu, Ryan E. Rebowe, Zemin Wang, Zehua Wang, John S. DePaolo, Jianhui Guo, Yingchun Li, Chiping Qian, Wanguo Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Aberrant activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is a key event in advanced prostate cancer. However, the mutations in APC complex that activate Wnt signaling in many other cancers are rare in prostate cancer. Other molecular mechanisms that regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in prostate cancer remain to be elucidated. Here we show that KIF3A, a subunit of kinesin-II motor protein, functions as an agonist of the Wnt signaling pathway in prostate cancer. KIF3A is up-regulated in the majority of human prostate cancer cell lines and primary tumor biopsies. The expression levels of KIF3A correlate with higher Gleason score, TNM grade, and metastatic status of prostate cancer. Moreover, overexpression of KIF3A stimulates the benign p69 prostate cell growth, whereas depletion of KIF3A by shRNA suppresses LNCaP cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth, and cell migration/invasion. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that KIF3A activates DVL2 and induces transcriptional activation of Cyclin D1, HEF1, and MMP9 in prostate cancer cell lines that are required for cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Taking together, these findings indicate that KIF3A is a potent agonist of Wnt signaling in prostate cancer and suggest that up-regulation of KIF3A is causal of aberrant activation of Wnt signaling in advanced prostate cancer. Inactivation of KIF3A may improve survival of patients with advanced prostate cancer in which Wnt signaling is activated. Citation Format: Zun Liu, Ryan E. Rebowe, Zemin Wang, Zehua Wang, John S. DePaolo, Jianhui Guo, Yingchun Li, Chiping Qian, Wanguo Liu. KIF3A promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via activation of Dvl2 and the Wnt signaling pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4937. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4937
NCI Budget Tapped for AIDS Care Costs
Authors: C. K. Wittenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article NCI Budget Tapped for AIDS Care Costs Get access Clarissa K. Wittenberg Clarissa K. Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 19, 7 December 1988, Page 1523, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.19.1523 Published: 07 December 1988
SERUM FREE LIGHT CHAIN DIFFERENCE AND MARKERS OF HEART FAILURE SEVERITY ARE CORRELATED WITH ONE YEAR MORTALITY, VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE IMPLANTATION OR HEART TRANSPLANTATION IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED PATIENTS WITH CARDIAC LIGHT CHAIN AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Brett Wesley Sperry, Michael Vranian, Hariom Joshi, Mazen Hanna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
PEG tube placement in morbidly obese patients
Authors: V. Senadhi, D. Emuron, R. Singh, S. Dutta
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We present two patients both of whom had severe morbid obesity and needed placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) for albumin and visceral protein replenishment. The first patient was a 53-year-old woman (body mass index [BMI], 85.8; weight, 191 kg) who presented with respiratory distress and dysphagia; the second was a 26-year-old woman (BMI, 88.6; weight, 259 kg) who presented with sepsis complicated by respiratory distress and dysphagia. Both women required placement of a PEG tube for long-term enteral nutrition.