tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Burnout among Canadian oncologists and oncology residents.
Authors: Thao Phuong Nguyen, Vincent Channing Tam, Renee Elizabeth Lester, Juan C Ruiz, Antoine Bouchard-Fortier, Cynthia Card, Monika K Krzyzanowska, Kelvin K. Chan, Jean E Wallace, Patricia A. Tang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

6549 Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate characteristics associated with burnout in Canadian oncologists and oncology resident physicians (ORP). Methods: Canadian medical oncologists (MO), radiation oncologists (RO) and ORP were asked to complete a self-administered survey which included: a validated single-item measure of burnout, questions regarding personal and professional characteristics, impact of work-related stress on family life and an exploration of the oncologists' support network. A similar survey was sent to spouses to determine the spouse's perception of oncologist burnout Results: A total of 307 oncologists and ORP completed the survey (median age 47, including 45% MO, 43% RO, 12% ORP). The response rate was 31%. The prevalence of high burnout in each group was: 20% MO, 14% RO, and 20% ORP. Overall, 61% MO and 37% RO reported a high work-overload, 25% MO and 22% RO had high work-family conflict, and 11% MO and 14% RO had family-work conflict. Regarding career satisfaction, 15% MO and 16% RO regreted their decision to become a physician, 23% MO and 29% RO considered leaving their current province, 17% MO and 20% RO considered leaving oncology as a career altogether. The concordance rate for burnout between physicians and spouses was 77.6% (kappa = 0.32). On multivariable analysis, factors associated with burnout included female gender, less exercise, less alcohol consumption and lower level of co-worker support. Factors included in the multi-variable analysis that were not associated with burnout include: age, number of cancer sites covered, spousal support, as well as time allocated to patient care and doing work tasks at home. Conclusions: Across Canada, one in five oncologists reported having high burnout. This is a lower rate than previously reported. Predictors of burnout in Canadian oncologists are different compared to a recently reported study of medical oncologists in the United States. Multivariable analysis predictors OR P-value Female 2.409 0.0277 Exercise (several times/ week min.) 0.324 0.0045 Alcohol (4 drinks/week versus less) 0.333 0.019 Coworker support (more versus less) 0.946 0.0305
ASCEND-3: A single-arm, open-label, multicenter phase II study of ceritinib in ALKi-naïve adult patients (pts) with ALK-rearranged (ALK+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Enriqueta Felip, Sergey Orlov, Keunchil Park, Chong-Jen Yu, Chun-Ming Tsai, Makoto Nishio, Manuel Cobo Dols, Mark James McKeage, Wu-Chou Su, Tony Mok, Giorgio V. Scagliotti, David Spigel, Fabrice Branle, Chetachi Emeremni, Massimiliano Quadrigli, Alice Tsang Shaw
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8060 Background: Ceritinib demonstrated clinical activity in ALKi-pretreated and -naïve pts with ALK+ NSCLC, including those with brain metastases (BM; pivotal ASCEND-1 study). ASCEND-3 (NCT01685138) evaluated efficacy and safety of ceritinib in ALKi-naïve pts. Methods: At 27June 2014 data cutoff, 124 pts enrolled worldwide received oral ceritinib 750 mg/d. Whole body (WB) and intracranial (I) responses were assessed by investigator. Prior chemotherapy (≤3 lines) was permitted. Results: Median age of enrolled pts was 56 (27–82); 40.3% were male, 59.7% Asian and 38.7% Caucasian; 40.3% had BM, of which 46% had no prior brain radiation (BRT). Median time from initial diagnosis to treatment start was 13.5 (1.0–283.1) mos; median exposure duration was 8.0 (0.1–16.2) mos; median follow-up (range) was 8.3 (0.6-16.3) mos. Investigator-assessed efficacy outcomes are located in the table below. At baseline 10 pts had investigator-assessed measurable brain lesions (MBL); IDCR was 80.0% (95% CI: 44.4, 97.5); in 6 pts with MBL and no prior BRT, all responses in brain (2 PR) matched or exceeded WB response. Most common AEs (mostly Grade 1/2) were gastrointestinal: diarrhea (82.3%), nausea (74.2%), and vomiting (66.9%); 7.3% pts discontinued due to AEs, with no one AE predominating. Conclusions: Ceritinib achieved robust ORR and promising DOR/PFS in pts with and without baseline BM. Ceritinib showed brain responses even in pts with no prior BRT. Safety outcomes were similar to the ASCEND-1 trial. Clinical trial information: NCT01685138. BM N=50 No BM N=74 All N=124 WB ORR (CR+PR), n (%) [95% CI] 29 (58.0) [43.2, 71.8] 50 (67.6) [55.7, 78.0] 79 (63.7) [54.6, 72.2] WB DCR (CR+PR+SD), n (%) [95% CI] 43 (86.0) [73.3,94.2] 68 (91.9) [83.2,97.0] 111 (89.5) [82.7, 94.3] Median Duration of Response (DOR), Mos [95% CI] 9.1 [7.5, NE] 10.8 [9.3, 10.8] 9.3 [9.1, NE] Median Progression Free Survival (PFS)* Mos [95% CI] 10.8 [7.3, NE] 11.1 [9.2, 12.8] 11.1 [9.3, NE] NE = Not Estimable *Follow-up ongoing: 84 (67.7%) pts censored; 77 (62.1%) ongoing without event.
Vacuum sponge therapy using the pull-through technique via a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy to treat iatrogenic duodenal perforation
Authors: Torben Glatz, Andreas Fischer, Jens Hoeppner, Robert Thimme, Christine Walker, Hans-Jürgen Richter-Schrag
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

In 2011, a 37-year old patient with a history of familial adenomatous polyposis underwent a subtotal colectomy and resection of the proximal jejunum and distal duodenum with side-to-side duodenojejunostomy. The procedure was performed for adenocarcinoma of the duodenum (pT3 pN0 L0 V0 R0 G2). In November of 2013, an endoscopically irresectable recurrent adenoma of the anastomosis was seen. Surgical resection was also impossible because of desmoids of the mesentery. Therefore, it was decided intraoperatively to resect the adenoma endoscopically in piecemeal fashion. Histology again showed adenocarcinoma (pT1 R2), and the residual carcinoma was treated at intervals of 6 months with argon plasma coagulation (APC). In June of 2015, the patient developed fever and abdominal pain 24 hours after the last APC therapy.
Incidental Gallbladder Cancer Visualized From Posttreatment 131I Whole-Body Scan
Authors: Yoch Anongpornjossakul, Chirawat Utamakul, Wichana Chamroonrat, Arpakorn Kositwattanarerk, Kanungnij Thamnirat, Chanika Sritara
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 72-year-old woman with papillary thyroid cancer post-total thyroidectomy was referred for post-I treatment whole-body scan. Images revealed focal uptake within the gallbladder. Cholecystectomy was subsequently performed, and the pathology report showed well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Given a history of papillary thyroid cancer, the iodine uptake was reasonably explained as metastasis; however, gallbladder metastasis was extremely infrequent. Literature described the incidental radioiodine retention in the gallbladder as false-positive findings, which can be normal variants or benign hepatobiliary conditions. Primary gallbladder malignancy could be counted for another possibility despite controversial mechanism of uptake.
Infection and oncology
Authors: D. C. Costa, P. J. Ell
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

The brain is protected from internal and external injury by special and specific physiological barriers. These are of three main types: (i) the blood-brain barrier (BBB) that separates the blood from the brain parenchyma; (ii) the blood-CSF barrier between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF); and (iii) the CSF-brain barrier separating the CSF from the brain parenchyma [1].KeywordsHuman Immunodeficiency VirusChronic Fatigue SyndromeBrain PerfusionRadiation NecrosisToxoplasma InfectionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Nerve Growth Factor
Authors: William C. Mobley, Alfred C. Server, Douglas N. Ishii, Richard J. Riopelle, Eric M. Shooter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a protein that is necessary for the growth and maintenance of sympathetic and certain sensory neurons. A number of recent studies have implicated NGF in several disorders of the human nervous system. This article reviews these studies after first considering the body of information that pertains to the effect of NGF on its target cells in animals. The discovery of NGF followed from a general investigation of the influence that peripheral end organs have on their associated nerve centers. To provide a relatively homogeneous periphery, Bueker1 implanted mouse sarcoma 180 into the body wall of . . .
Astatine-211-labeled Antibodies for Treatment of Disseminated Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Håkan Andersson, Jörgen Elgqvist, György Horvath, Ragnar Hultborn, Lars Jacobsson, Holger Jensen, Börje Karlsson, Sture Lindegren, Stig Palm
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2003)

Purpose:  The aim of the study was to establish and refine a preclinical model to α-immunoradiotherapy of ovarian cancer.   Experimental Design:  At-211 was produced by cyclotron irradiation of a bismuth-209 target and isolated using a novel dry distillation procedure. Monoclonal antibodies were radiohalogenated with the intermediate reagent  N -succinimidyl 3-(trimethylstannyl)benzoate and characterized in terms of radiochemical yield and  in vitro  binding properties.  In vitro  OVCAR-3 cells were irradiated using an external Cobalt-60 beam, as reference, or At-211-albumin and labeled antibody. Growth assays were used to establish cell survival. A Monte Carlo program was developed to simulate the energy imparted and the track length distribution. Nude mice were used for studies of WBC depression, with various activities of Tc-99m antibodies, as reference, and At-211 antibodies. In efficacy studies, OVCAR-3 cells were inoculated i.p., and animals were treated 2 weeks later. The animals were either dissected 6 weeks later or followed-up for long-term survival.   Results:  A rapid distillation procedure, as well as a rapid and high-yield, single-pot labeling procedure, was achieved. From growth inhibition data, the relative biological effectiveness of the α-emission for OVCAR-3 cells was estimated to be approximately 5, which is in the same range as found  in vivo  for hematological toxicity. At-211 MOv18 was found to effectively inhibit the development of tumors and ascites, also resulting in long-term survival without significant toxic effect.   Conclusions:  Use of the short-range, high-linear energy transfer α-emitter At-211 conjugated to a surface epitope-recognizing monoclonal antibody appears to be highly efficient without significant toxicity in a mouse peritoneal tumor model, urging a Phase I clinical trial.
The Danger of Not Treating Parkinson Disease Psychosis
Authors: Irene A. Malaty, Michael S. Okun, Michael Jaffee
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Authors’ reply
Authors: Philip C Hannaford, Alison M Elliott, Lisa Iversen, Amanda J Lee, Sivasubramaniam Selvaraj, Valerie Angus
Journal: BMJ (2008)

We presented all relevant results so that readers could decide for themselves whether their interpretation of our findings fits with ours. Brind thinks that the analysis in which both ever and never users lost to follow-up before the age of 38 were excluded (adjusted relative risk 0.95, 95% confidence interval 0.88 to 1.02) shows serious bias and invalidates the main dataset results in which only never users younger than 38 were excluded (0.88, 0.83 to 0.94). Since the total population in each analysis is different, their results should not be compared directly (in the same way that the results from the main and the general practitioner observation dataset should not be compared directly, as indicated in the footnote to table 2).

Furthermore, the different standard populations inevitably result in some variation in the point estimates from each analysis. The point estimate of 0.95 from the “fully excluded” analysis is not materially different from that of 0.88 from the “partially excluded” analysis, although the latter is based on more data. In addition, the upper 95% confidence interval of the fully excluded point estimate was just above unity, suggesting no increased risk of overall cancer.

The subgroup analyses of duration and time since last use of oral contraception included a large number of comparisons, some of which may have reached significance by chance. Although the relative risk of breast cancer was raised among ever users who had stopped 15-20 years previously, it was decreased in those who had stopped more than 20 years previously (0.54, 0.35 to 0.82) and the trend over time was not significant. We cannot explain the increased risk of central nervous system/pituitary cancer among ever users, although the number of women affected was small (49 of the 3877 cancers in the main dataset). We highlighted and discussed the increased risk of any cancer among women using oral contraception for more than eight years in the paper, press releases, and media interviews. Our interpretation remains that oral contraception was not associated with an overall increased risk of cancer—indeed it may even produce a net public health gain.
Daratumumab: a first-in-class CD38 monoclonal antibody for the treatment of multiple myeloma
Authors: Larysa Sanchez, Yucai Wang, David S. Siegel, Michael L. Wang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)

Daratumumab is a human monoclonal antibody that targets CD38, a cell surface protein that is overexpressed on multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Preclinical studies have shown that daratumumab induces MM cell death through several mechanisms, including complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and apoptosis. Given the encouraging efficacy and acceptable safety profile of daratumumab demonstrated in clinical trials, daratumumab has emerged as a novel treatment option for myeloma and became the first monoclonal antibody approved by the FDA for the treatment of MM.
Development, roll-out and impact of Xpert MTB/RIF for tuberculosis: what lessons have we learnt and how can we do better?
Authors: Heidi Albert, Ruvandhi R. Nathavitharana, Chris Isaacs, Madhukar Pai, Claudia M. Denkinger, Catharina C. Boehme
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

The global roll-out of Xpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA) has changed the diagnostic landscape of tuberculosis (TB). More than 16 million tests have been performed in 122 countries since 2011, and detection of multidrug-resistant TB has increased three- to eight-fold compared to conventional testing. The roll-out has galvanised stakeholders, from donors to civil society, and paved the way for universal drug susceptibility testing. It has attracted new product developers to TB, resulting in a robust molecular diagnostics pipeline. However, the roll-out has also highlighted gaps that have constrained scale-up and limited impact on patient outcomes. The roll-out has been hampered by high costs for under-funded programmes, unavailability of a complete solution package (notably comprehensive training, quality assurance, implementation plans, inadequate service and maintenance support) and lack of impact assessment. Insufficient focus has been afforded to effective linkage to care of diagnosed patients, and clinical impact has been blunted by weak health systems. In many countries the private sector plays a dominant role in TB control, yet this sector has limited access to subsidised pricing. In light of these lessons, we advocate for a comprehensive diagnostics implementation approach, including increased engagement of in-country stakeholders for product launch and roll-out, broader systems strengthening in preparation for new technologies, as well as quality impact data from programmatic settings.
Propagation of Human Tumors in Antithymocyte Serum-Treated Mice 2
Authors: Paul Arnstein, Dee O. N. Taylor, Waiter A. Nelson-Rees, Robert J. Huebner, Edwin H. Lennette
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

NIH Swiss mice were treated with antithymocyte serum (ATS) to diminish their cell-mediated immune response; subsequently, these mice proved satisfactory substrates for the propagation of a variety of human malignant tumors. Among 18 cultured tumor lines tested which exhibited malignant in vitro growth patterns, 13 were transplantable and produced appropriate neoplasms. Carcinomas and sarcomas were most consistently initiated by subcutaneous implantation of 2×106 trypsin-dispersed cells from cell cultures. Lymphomatous neoplasms were most consistently transplantable intracerebrally, with 2×105 suspension culture cells. Human cell cultures, indistinguishable from input cells, were reestablished from all tumors propagated on the ATS-treated (ATST) mice. Of 18 other cultures with benign in vitro growth patterns, none were transplantable. Direct transplantation of surgically excised human tumors received from the operating room proved less successful and only 4 takes were accomplished in 19 attempts. The ATST mouse system should be adaptable for testing chemical, immunologic, and physical influences directly on specified human tumors, without actually involving human subjects, since transplants of representative tumor types (carcinomas, sarcomas, lymphomas) can be consistently produced by inoculation of appropriate malignant culture cells. The replication of human neoplasms in a mouse host may also provide an environment for activation and detection of C-type tumor viruses.
Complement in bullous pemphigoid: results from a large observational study
Authors: T.R. Romeijn, M.F. Jonkman, C. Knoppers, H.H. Pas, G.F.H. Diercks
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease characterized by auto-antibodies directed against the hemidesmosomal proteins 180-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen 2 (BP180, BPAG2) and/or 230-kDa bullous pemphigoid antigen 1 (BP230, BPAG1).(1) It is thought that complement activation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of BP.(1) However, the role of complement in the formation of subepidermal blisters has been disputed and complement independent mechanisms of blister formation have been described.(2-7) However, interpretation of these data are limited since almost all studies were based on experimental pemphigoid models of mice (2,3) and human keratinocytes. (4-6) Studies assessing the role of complement in a large population of BP patients are lacking. Using a large database comprising a period of 13 years (2002-2015) we had the unique opportunity to evaluate the relation of complement with various clinical and diagnostic parameters in a large cohort of BP patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yoshiya Tanaka
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

The combined use of synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (sDMARDs) such as methotrexate and biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) has revolutionized treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Remission is now realistic targets, achieved by a large proportion of RA patients. However, bDMARDs are limited to intravenous or subcutaneous uses and orally available small but strong products have been developed. Oral administration of tofacitinib targeting the Janus kinase (JAK) is significantly effective than placebo in active RA patients with sDMARD-naïve, inadequately responsive to sDMARDs or TNF-inhibitors. The efficacy was rapid and as strong as adalimumab, a TNF-inhibitor. The common adverse events were related to infection, hematologic and hepatic disorders and association of tofacitinib with carcinogenicity and infections remains debated.
National Health Action Party gets interim leader after founder resigns
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The doctor and co-founder of the National Health Action (NHA) Party has resigned from his position as leader, citing “irreconcilable differences of opinion” within the party’s executive committee.

The consultant oncologist Clive Peedell was instrumental in establishing the party in 2012 to campaign in support of the NHS and against the government’s stewardship of the health service.1 But Peedell revealed this week that he had decided to step down because of an internal dispute that arose after he accused one of the party’s executive …
Neoplasms in Rats Exposed to Single-Dose Total-Body X Radiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: John C. Finerty, Robert T. Binhammer, Martin Schneider, A. W. B. Cunningham
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Neoplasms in Rats Exposed to Single-Dose Total-Body X Radiation2 John C. Finerty, John C. Finerty Departments of Anatomy, Radiology, and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert T. Binhammer, Robert T. Binhammer Departments of Anatomy, Radiology, and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Martin Schneider, Martin Schneider Departments of Anatomy, Radiology, and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. W. B. Cunningham A. W. B. Cunningham Departments of Anatomy, Radiology, and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar 3With the technical assistance of James K. Butler. Author Notes JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 1, August 1953, Pages 149–157, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.1.149 Published: 01 August 1953 Article history Received: 27 March 1953 Published: 01 August 1953