tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1941: Cancer-driven exhaustion of tumor-reactive γδ-T cells: Relevance to immunosurveillance and immunotherapy
Authors: Benjamin H. Beck, Hyung-Gyoon Kim, Hilary Haines, Kyle Feeley, Richard Lopez
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In contrast to antigen-specific αβ-T cells (adaptive immunity), γδ-T cells can recognize and lyse malignantly-transformed cells almost immediately upon encounter in a manner that does not require the recognition of tumor-specific antigens (innate immunity). Given the well-accepted capability of γδ-T cells to innately kill a variety of cancerous cells, efforts are now actively underway to develop and refine the means by which to exploit the antitumor properties of γδ-T cells for clinical purposes. Here, we investigated a critical issue surrounding γδ-T cell-based cancer immunotherapies, which relates to the findings that γδ-T cells are numerically rare in the peripheral blood of some cancer patients, and only in a proportion of patients is it possible to activate and/or expand γδ-T cells either in vivo or ex vivo regardless of the methodology employed. This is in stark contrast to what is observed in healthy individuals, as γδ-T cells reliably respond to proliferative stimuli. Indeed, it is evident that such numerical or functional deficits may greatly hinder attempts to employ γδ-T cells in clinical settings. Therefore, the objective of the studies performed here was to examine the biological underpinnings that may explain the γδ-T cell impairments observed in cancer patients. To this end, we employed murine models of different malignancies (breast cancer, myeloma, and melanoma) and systematically examined γδ-T cell numbers in peripheral circulation, γδ-T cell proliferative capacity, and overall γδ-T viability and apoptosis status in healthy mice and mice bearing different tumors. We found that tumor-bearing mice had fewer γδ-T cells in peripheral blood, and γδ-T cells derived from tumor-bearing mice expanded poorly ex vivo using published expansion regimens. Importantly, we show that tumor cells were responsible for this numerical and functional exhaustion of γδ-T cells. Using both in vitro and in vivo models of different cancers we demonstrate that γδ-T cells undergo apoptosis after encounter with tumor cells and we have identified several putative genes involved in this γδ-T cell exhaustion. We propose that this cancer-associated γδ-T cell impairment could serve as a critical early event leading to impaired γδ-T cell anti-tumor immunosurveillance, which may contribute to the accelerated development or progression of different malignancies. Collectively, these findings will help facilitate the development of the next generation of clinical trials designed to exploit the tumor-reactive properties of γδ-T cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1941.
Predicting Diabetic Nephropathy in Insulin-Dependent Patients
Authors: C. E. Mogensen, C. K. Christensen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We studied whether microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rates of 15 to 150 micrograms per minute) would predict the development of increased proteinuria in Type I diabetes. We also studied the influence of glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow, and blood pressure on the later development of proteinuria. Forty-four patients who had had Type I diabetes for at least seven years and who had albumin excretion rates below 150 micrograms per minute were studied from 1969 to 1976, and 43 were restudied in 1983. Of the 14 who initially had albumin excretion rates at or above 15 micrograms per minute, 12 had clinically detectable proteinuria (over 500 mg of protein per 24 hours) or an albumin excretion rate above 150 micrograms per minute at the later examination. Of the 29 who initially had albumin excretion rates below 15 micrograms per minute, none had clinically detectable proteinuria at the later examination, although four had microalbuminuria. Those whose condition progressed to clinically overt proteinuria had elevated glomerular filtration rates and higher blood pressures at the initial examination than did those in whom proteinuria did not develop. Renal blood flow was not elevated in these patients. We conclude that microalbuminuria predicts the development of diabetic nephropathy and that elevated glomerular filtration rates and increased blood pressure may also contribute to this progression.
428 VERTICAL HEPATITIS B VIRUS TRANSMISSION DESPITE SEROVACCINATION OF THE NEWBORN IN HIGHLY VIRAEMIC MONO-INFECTED MOTHERS FROM VARIOUS ETHNIC ORIGINS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY IN PARIS, FRANCE
Authors: P. Sellier, S. Maylin, M. Moreno, A. Ricbourg, M.-C. Mazeron, A. Lopes, G. Simoneau, J.-D. Magnier, E. Barranger, F. Simon, J.-F. Bergmann
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Genetic Polymorphisms in <i>EGFR</i> Gene: No Evidence for an Association with the Risk of Breast Cancer.
Authors: I. Gorlov, O. Gorlova, E. Jupe
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract EGFR expression is an important predictor of prognosis for breast cancer. An association of the EGFR expression breast tumor with the prognosis suggest that germline polymorphisms in the gene also may be associated with the risk of breast cancer. The published studies on the association of the genetic polymorphisms in the EGFR gene are conflicting.We genotyped 15 SNPs in the EGFR gene region: rs11506105, rs11543848, rs12674036, rs1558544, rs2072454, rs2075109, rs4947986, rs6965469, rs6969537, rs759171, rs7801956, rs4947963, rs747322, rs17172451, and rs1554718 in 500 Caucasian breast cancer patients and 500 matched controls to assess the association of the SNPs with the risk of breast cancer. SNPs were selected based on the LD pattern in the region and how close they are located to exons and promoter. Additionally we analyzed an extremely polymorphic CA repeat (rs11568315) located in the regulatory region of the gene. This polymorphic repeat has 11 alleles (alleles were defined by the number of the CA repeats, 14-23).We conducted pooled analysis and also stratified subjects by menopausal status. We have not found any significant association of the polymorphism with breast cancer risk. We were not able to confirm the previous finding that the increased number of the CA repeats in the rs11568315 was associated with elevated breast cancer risk. In conclusion, despite the fact that the expression of EGFR in breast cancer is an important predictor of progression, we found no evidence that germline polymorphisms in the gene are associated with the increased risk of breast cancer. The study was supported by 1R03CA128025-01A1 grant. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3060.
Tc-99m (V) Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Scintigraphy for Bone and Soft Tissue Lesions
Authors: T Shinozaki, T Hirano, H Watanabe, J Aoki, K Takagishi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

The utility of the tumor-seeking agent, pentavalent Tc-99m dimercaptosuccinic acid (Tc-99m [V] DMSA), as a diagnostic agent was assessed for localization of various bone and soft lesions and differentiation of benign from malignant tumors. Thirty-eight bone tumors (23 benign and 15 malignant), 2 non-neoplastic bone lesions, 49 soft tissue tumors (29 benign and 20 malignant), and 7 other soft tissue lesions were evaluated. Tc-99m (V) DMSA accumulated in all the bone tumors and the other non–soft tissue lesions. However, it did not accumulate in some soft tissue lesions. Tc-99m (V) DMSA accumulated not only in the primary bone region but also in metastases in soft tissues.
A Trial of Three Regimens for Primary Amyloidosis: Colchicine Alone, Melphalan and Prednisone, and Melphalan, Prednisone, and Colchicine
Authors: Robert A. Kyle, Morie A. Gertz, Philip R. Greipp, Thomas E. Witzig, John A. Lust, Martha Q. Lacy, Terry M. Therneau
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Primary systemic amyloidosis is an uncommon disease characterized by the accumulation in vital organs of a fibrillar protein consisting of monoclonal light chains.We treated 220 patients with biopsy-proved amyloidosis. The patients were randomly assigned to receive colchicine (72 patients), melphalan and prednisone (77), or melphalan, prednisone, and colchicine (71). They were stratified according to their chief clinical manifestations: renal disease (105 patients), cardiac involvement (46), peripheral neuropathy (19), or other (50).The median duration of survival after randomization was 8.5 months in the colchicine group, 18 months in the group assigned to melphalan and prednisone, and 17 months in the group assigned to melphalan, prednisone, and colchicine (P<0.001). Among patients who had a reduction in serum or urine monoclonal protein at 12 months, the overall length of survival was 50 months, whereas among those without a reduction at 12 months, the overall length of survival was 36 months (P=0.03). Thirty-four patients (15 percent) survived for five years or longer.Therapy with melphalan and prednisone results in objective responses and prolonged survival as compared with colchicine in patients with primary amyloidosis.
Safety of Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) during Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS): A Prospective Study
Authors: M Al-Haddad, C Hodgens, R Toton, S Gross, K Noh, S Pungpapong, M Wallace, T Woodward, M Raimondo
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background: FNA is commonly performed in conjunction with EUS procedures. There is limited prospective data on complication rates.
Abstract 2582: Branched neurotensin peptides for the selective targeting of human colon and pancreas carcinoma
Authors: Luisa Bracci, Chiara Falciani, Barbara Lelli, Jlenia Brunetti, Luisa Lozzi, Alessandro Pini, Chiara Pagliuca, Niccolò Ravenni, Lapo Bencini, Stefano Menichetti, Renato Moretti
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The aim of this study was to validate oligo-branched peptides as selective targeting agents that might be effective either for spotlighting tumor cells that over-express peptide receptors, or for killing them, simply by exchanging the functional moiety coupled to the conserved receptor-targeting core. Tetra-branched peptides containing neurotensin (NT) sequence are described here for selective targeting of human colon, pancreas and prostate cancer. Fluorophore-conjugated peptides were used to measure tumor versus healthy tissue binding in human surgical samples, resulting in validation of neurotensin receptors as highly promising tumor-biomarkers. Drug-armed branched peptides were synthesized with different conjugation methods, resulting in uncleavable adducts or drug-releasing molecules. Cytotoxicity on human cell lines from colon (HT-29), pancreas (PANC-1) or prostate (PC-3) carcinoma indicated branched NT conjugated with MTX and 5-FdU as the most active agents on PANC-1 (EC50 4.4e-007 M) and HT-29 (1.1e-007 M), respectively. Tetra-branched NT armed with 5-FdU was used for in vivo experiments in HT-29-xenografted mice and produced a 50% reduction in tumor growth with respect to animals treated with the same amount of free drug. An unrelated branched peptide carrying the same drug was completely ineffective. In vitro and in vivo results indicated that branched peptides are valuable new tools for tumor selective targeting. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2582.
Ingested pin penetrating stomach wall and liver
Authors: H. Duboc, R. Kianmanesh, X. Dray
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 23-year-old woman with no past medical history was referred to the Emergency Room with abdominal pain. She explained that 3 days earlier, she had accidentally ingested a sharp pin. Physical examination found a right upper quadrant tenderness with no abdominal guarding. Routine laboratory work-up was unremarkable. A computed tomography scan showed that the pin was penetrating through the gastric wall and into the left lobe of the liver ([Fig. 1]), without pneumoperitoneum.
AB0634 Prevalence of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Mexican Patients with Systemic Sclerosis by Doppler Echocardiograpy
Authors: O.L. Vera-Lastra, M. Piñeiro-Luna, J. Sepúlveda, M.D.P. Cruz-Dominguez, G. Medina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating vascular complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and is found in 10-15% of cases carrying a severe prognosis. PAH has a dramatic impact on the clinical course and overall survival, being the most common cause of death in patients with this entity. Doppler echocardiography represents the best initial screening tool. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the prevalence of PAH in mexican patients with systemic sclerosis. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied 136 patients who met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Systemic Sclerosis from January to December 2011 in the Internal Medicine Departments of a tertiary Hospital. This is a cross sectional study, that included patients of ages 18 or older with the diagnosis of SSc in the SSc outpatient clinic. We performed a Doppler Echocardiography and determined PAH. We used a descriptive statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> There were 136 patients and the mean age was 51±13 years: women 125 (91.2%) and men 12 (8.7%). Median disease evolution: 6 years with a range from 1-32 years. The limited cutaneous SSc (lcSSc) was present in 70 patients (50.09%), diffuse cutaneous SSc (dcSSc) in 66 (48.17%) and Scleroderma sine Scleroderma in 1 (0.72%). PAH was found in 59 patients (43.3), of whom 23 (38.9%) had mild form, 27 (45.7%) moderate and 9 (15.2%) had severe PAH. In dsSSC PAH was found in 22 (33.8%) patients and in lcSSc in 36 (51.4%) patients <h3>Conclusions</h3> The prevalence of PAH in SSc was 43%. Of our patients with PAH: 15% was severe, 27 moderate and 43% mild. Therefore we should make a prompt diagnosis and start an adequate treatment. <h3>References</h3> Elliot GC, Barst RJ, Seeger W et al. Worlwide physician education and training in pulmonary hypertension: pulmonary vascular disease: the global perspective. Chest 2010: 137:85S-94S Vera Lastra O, Porres. Pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with systemic sclerosis: Current diagnosis approach and therapeutic strategies. World J Rheumatol 2012; 28: 2:12-20 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4858
A single surgeon's experience with a modified NOTES cholecystectomy: How to keep it safe and comfortable
Authors: TG Kirchner, B Siemssen
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Objective: The transvaginal approach prolongs the average operation time of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Even a high experienced endoscopic surgeon probably has to undergo a learning process. We use a minor modification by the placement of one additional 5-mm instrument (mostly in the left upper abdomen) in order to increase the practical comfort and safety. In this single surgeon retrospective analysis of all performed laparoscopic cholecystectomies (n ((equals)) 579) from January 2009 till December 2011 we compare the transvaginal contingent (TVC, n ((equals)) 138) with the female fraction of the conventional laparoscopic contingent (CLC, n ((equals)) 301).
ESTUDIO DE MINIMIZACION DE COSTES DE LA COMBINACION DE ECOENDOSCOPIA Y COLANGIOPANCREATOGRAFIA RETROGRADA ENDOSCOPICA EN UN MISMO PROCEDIMIENTO
Authors: J Gornals, R Moreno, C Loras, C Masuet, D Buisac, B Ortiga, JL Nin, C Capdevila, X Xiol, X Corbella
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Objetivos: evaluar los costes ahorrados de unificar en una sesión la práctica de USE/USE-PAAF y CPRE, en vez de su realización en 2 sesiones separadas como sucede en la práctica clínica habitual, después de una experiencia inicial en nuestro centro durante el último año y medio. El objetivo del estudio, demostrar que unificar la USE y CPRE en 1 sesión es más coste-efectivo.
Detection of a Small Gastrinoma by Combined Radiologic and Scintigraphic Techniques
Authors: ECKART REUTER, PETER SEMLER, UWE BAER, ROBERT SIGISMUND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

The aim of this study was to improve the localization of somatostatin receptor positive gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasias. Of this group, gastrinomas are well known to display a high density of somatostatin II receptors. Therefore, the sensitivity and specificity of scintigraphic tumor visualization is very high. Because the primary sites and the metastatic spread vary considerably, exact preoperative localization demands additional anatomical information. A 65-year-old man with clinical symptoms of the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome showed an eight-fold elevated serum gastrin concentration. After assessment of the gastrinoma by somatostatin receptor scintigraphy in the right upper abdominal quadrant, a nasoduodenal tube was labeled and used as a landmark, followed by double-contrast radiographs, visualizing the lesion, the tube, and the gastroduodenal anatomy. Additionally, transaxial SPECT images superimposed on corresponding CT slices revealed a singular lesion at the pyloric region. A tumor of 0.2 mL was completely removed by Billroth's-I resection. In preoperative localization, the combination of scintigraphic and topographic methods improves the meaning of receptor scintigraphy. For very small single lesions, surgical resection can be restricted to the adequate minimum.
Abstract 4834: Interactions between smoking and DNA repair in breast cancer risk.
Authors: Jennifer J. Hu, Glenn O. Allen, Isildinha M. Reis, Feng Gong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Breast cancer risk has been associated with tobacco smoking or deficient DNA repair. However, limited previous studies have focused on genetic susceptibility-exposure interactions. Using T-lymphocytes collected in a breast cancer case-control study (357 controls and 360 cases), this study tested whether the association between smoking and breast cancer risk is modified by individual's nucleotide excision repair capacity (NERC) using a newly developed plasmid-based electroporation assay. There was a significant age-dependent decline of NERC in controls (p=0.01) but not in breast cancer cases (p=0.59). Controls with current smoking status had a significantly higher NERC (mean+SD, 5.72+3.30, n=38) than never smokers (4.61+2.76, n=206). There was a significant association between lower NERC and elevated breast cancer risk only among current smokers (odds ratio [OR]=4.44; 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.03-19.13) after adjustment for age, race, and family history. In contrast, there was a significant association between lower NERC and reduced breast cancer risk in never smokers (OR=0.39; 95%CI=0.20-0.76). In controls, smoking-related elevation of NERC may be related to adaptive response. In breast cancer cases, elevated cancer risk may be associated with: (1) deficient NER response to smoking-related DNA damages in smokers and (2) environmental exposures (e.g. ionizing radiation) in non-smokers, which induced NER but repaired by other repair pathways (e.g. base excision and double-strand repair). Our findings highlight the complex interplay between individual's NER capacity and smoking in breast cancer risk. Citation Format: Jennifer J. Hu, Glenn O. Allen, Isildinha M. Reis, Feng Gong. Interactions between smoking and DNA repair in breast cancer risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4834. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4834
Third-Party Reimbursement Coverage for Diabetes Outpatient Education Programs
Authors: Christine T Tobin
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

The purpose of this study was to report on current third-party reimbursement coverage for diabetes outpatient education programs. In 1986, the Centers for Disease Control began to collect and analyze information about reimbursement of outpatient diabetes education programs. Data compiled in the Diabetes Outpatient Education Reimbursement Database represented various information sources, including contact people in 42 states, surveys, government publications, the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and Communicating for Agriculture. The purpose of the data base was twofold: 1) to track national reimbursement trends and 2) to support health-care professional efforts in obtaining third-party reimbursement for education services. This article analyzes the Diabetes Outpatient Education Reimbursement Database. This study is a descriptive analysis of the major carriers that reimburse, legislation for reimbursement of education programs, and state risk-sharing insurance pools. Currently, Medicaid (in 37 states), Medicare (in 49 states), Blue Cross/Blue Shield (in 43 states), and private carriers (in 48 states) reimburse diabetes outpatient education programs. Sixteen states have operational pooled risk health insurance plans. This represents an increase in the number of states that report reimbursement from 1986. Progress has been made in procuring reimbursement coverage for diabetes outpatient education programs. However, progress does not imply that third-party reimbursement is uniform nationwide or effortlessly achieved. Many challenges must be addressed before reimbursement is no longer an issue in the management of diabetes education programs and the provision of essential services for people with diabetes.
Understanding the Radioactive Ingrowth and Decay of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in the Environment: An Analysis of Produced Fluids from the Marcellus Shale
Authors: Andrew W. Nelson, Eric S. Eitrheim, Andrew W. Knight, Dustin May, Marinea A. Mehrhoff, Robert Shannon, Robert Litman, William C. Burnett, Tori Z. Forbes, Michael K. Schultz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

The economic value of unconventional natural gas resources has stimulated rapid globalization of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. However, natural radioactivity found in the large volumes of "produced fluids" generated by these technologies is emerging as an international environmental health concern. Current assessments of the radioactivity concentration in liquid wastes focus on a single element-radium. However, the use of radium alone to predict radioactivity concentrations can greatly underestimate total levels.We investigated the contribution to radioactivity concentrations from naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM), including uranium, thorium, actinium, radium, lead, bismuth, and polonium isotopes, to the total radioactivity of hydraulic fracturing wastes.For this study we used established methods and developed new methods designed to quantitate NORM of public health concern that may be enriched in complex brines from hydraulic fracturing wastes. Specifically, we examined the use of high-purity germanium gamma spectrometry and isotope dilution alpha spectrometry to quantitate NORM.We observed that radium decay products were initially absent from produced fluids due to differences in solubility. However, in systems closed to the release of gaseous radon, our model predicted that decay products will begin to ingrow immediately and (under these closed-system conditions) can contribute to an increase in the total radioactivity for more than 100 years.Accurate predictions of radioactivity concentrations are critical for estimating doses to potentially exposed individuals and the surrounding environment. These predictions must include an understanding of the geochemistry, decay properties, and ingrowth kinetics of radium and its decay product radionuclides.