tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract #135: Expression analyses of vasohibin as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor in cervical cancer
Authors: Kousuke Yoshinaga, Kiyoshi Ito, Yasufumi Sato, Yaegashi Nobuo
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

[Object] Vasohibin is a novel endothelium-derived VEGF-inducible angiogenesis inhibitor, which was found by one of the authors. However, the significance of endogenous angiogenesis inhibitors in normal and malignant cervical tissues had not been elucidated well. Thus, the aim of the present study is to clarify the critical roles of vasohibin in the cervical tissue, especially on cervical carcinomas and the relationship between vasohibin and VEGF receptor-2, microvessel density (MVD), lymphovessel density (LVD), VEGF expression ratio on the carcinoma cells. [Materials and Methods] Seventy-eight cases of cervical carcinoma were evaluated for the immunohistochemical analysis. There were 61 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 18 mucinous adenocarcinoma(Adenocarcinoma). We investigated the expression of vasohibin, and compared it to VEGF receptor-1 (VEGFR1: flt-1), VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR2: KDR/flk-1), CD34 (as a marker for vascular endothelial cells) in the stromal vascular endotherium. VEGF was for carcinoma cells. CD34 was as a marker for vascular endothelial cells to investigate MVD. D2-40 was as a marker for lymphatic endothelial cells to investigate LVD. Immunohistochemical assessment was classified as negative or positive based on staining intensity. [Result] Microvessel density of Adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than that of SCC ( P  0.05). For SCC there was a significant correlation between the expression percentage of vasohibin and that of VEGFR-2 ( P  0.05,  r 2 = 0.34151).This is the first study to elucidate the correlation between expression of vasohibin in the stromal endothelial cells and that of VEGFR-2 in human cervical carcinomas.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 135.
Bone Marrow BCL2/IgH+ Cells at Diagnosis and Not FCGRIIIA Polymorphism Predict Response in Follicular Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Patients Treated with Sequential CHOP and Rituximab.
Authors: Emanuela Carlotti, Giuseppe A. Palumbo, Elena Oldani, Sara Acerboni, Francesco Di Raimondo, Sergio Cortelazzo, Alessandro Pulsoni, Tiziano Barbui, Robert Foa, Alessandro Rambaldi
Journal: Blood (2005)
Impact of primary (1º) tumor location on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Analysis of CALGB/SWOG 80405 (Alliance).
Authors: Alan P. Venook, Donna Niedzwiecki, Federico Innocenti, Briant Fruth, Claire Greene, Bert H. O'Neil, James Edward Shaw, James Norman Atkins, Laura E. Horvath, Blase N. Polite, Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt, Eileen Mary O'Reilly, Richard M. Goldberg, Howard S. Hochster, Charles David Blanke, Richard L. Schilsky, Robert J. Mayer, Monica M. Bertagnolli, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3504 Background: 80405 found no OS or PFS difference when Bevacizumab (BV) or Cetuximab (Cet) was added to 1st-line FOLFOX or FOLFIRI in mCRC pts. As location of the 1° may affect mCRC outcome, we assessed the impact of 1° side (R v L) on OS and PFS in 80405 pts. Methods: 1° location was determined by chart review: 1137 pts w/KRAS wt (codons 12 and 13) in main cohort; 252 pts w/ KRAS mut tumors treated w/ BV or Cet pre-amendment. R-sided = cecum to hepatic flexure; L-sided = splenic flexure to rectum. Transverse (T) = hepatic to splenic flexure. PFS per investigator. Kaplan Meier and Cox regression methods used. Results: KRAS wt pts: Median age = 59; synchronous = 78%. 1° site: R – 280 (25%); L – 689 (61%); T- 62 (5%); unsure – 106 (9%). OS & PFS (Table) difference by side statistically significant if adjusted for age, gender, BV / Cet, chemotherapy, prior therapy. There was a significant 1° side by biologic interaction (P int = 0.003, PFS and OS) but not by chemo, gender or RAS. OS, L-sided: Cet v BV, superiority (Log rank p = 0.04); R-sided: BV v Cet, superiority (p = 0.03). Results similar for PFS and if T colon allocated to R side. KRAS mut pts: 1°s: R - 35%; L- 50%. No statistically significant difference in any subset although OS favors L > R (only OS data shown). Conclusions: mCRC arising in the R v L colon are clinically different. In KRAS wt mCRC, pts w/ L-sided 1° tumor have superior OS and PFS v pts w/ R-sided 1°. Though not pre-planned analyses, OS and PFS were prolonged w/ Cet in L and w/BV in R but were poorer w/ Cet in R. Forthcoming molecular analysis of 1°s - e.g. BRAF, MSI, methylation - may provide a biological explanation. For now, stratification in mCRC studies by R v L 1° sidedness is indicated. These data support BV in 1st line treatment for mCRC pts w/R-sided 1° tumor regardless of KRAS status. Support: U10CA180821, U10CA180882. Clinical trial information: NCT00265850. Right 1° Left 1° Hazard Ratio, 95% Confidence Interval (R v L, adjusted) Log Rank p-value (adjusted) OS (mos) All KRAS wt 19.4 34.2 1.56 (1.32, 1.84) < 0.0001 Cet 16.4 37.5 1.97 (1.56, 2.48) BV 24.5 32.1 1.26 (1.00, 1.58) All KRAS mut 23.1 30.3 1.28 (0.95, 1.73) PFS (mos) All KRAS wt 8.9 11.5 1.25 (1.08, 1.46) .002 Cet 7.7 12.0 1.54 (1.25, 1.91) BV 9.5 11.1 1.03 (0.83, 1.28)
Epigenetic Reprogramming Sensitizes CML Stem Cells to Combined EZH2 and Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition
Authors: Mary T. Scott, Koorosh Korfi, Peter Saffrey, Lisa E.M. Hopcroft, Ross Kinstrie, Francesca Pellicano, Carla Guenther, Paolo Gallipoli, Michelle Cruz, Karen Dunn, Heather G. Jorgensen, Jennifer E. Cassels, Ashley Hamilton, Andrew Crossan, Amy Sinclair, Tessa L. Holyoake, David Vetrie
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

A major obstacle to curing chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is residual disease maintained by tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-persistent leukemic stem cells (LSC). These are BCR-ABL1 kinase independent, refractory to apoptosis, and serve as a reservoir to drive relapse or TKI resistance. We demonstrate that Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 is misregulated in chronic phase CML LSCs. This is associated with extensive reprogramming of H3K27me3 targets in LSCs, thus sensitizing them to apoptosis upon treatment with an EZH2-specific inhibitor (EZH2i). EZH2i does not impair normal hematopoietic stem cell survival. Strikingly, treatment of primary CML cells with either EZH2i or TKI alone caused significant upregulation of H3K27me3 targets, and combined treatment further potentiated these effects and resulted in significant loss of LSCs compared to TKI alone, in vitro, and in long-term bone marrow murine xenografts. Our findings point to a promising epigenetic-based therapeutic strategy to more effectively target LSCs in patients with CML receiving TKIs.In CML, TKI-persistent LSCs remain an obstacle to cure, and approaches to eradicate them remain a significant unmet clinical need. We demonstrate that EZH2 and H3K27me3 reprogramming is important for LSC survival, but renders LSCs sensitive to the combined effects of EZH2i and TKI. This represents a novel approach to more effectively target LSCs in patients receiving TKI treatment. Cancer Discov; 6(11); 1248-57. ©2016 AACR.See related article by Xie et al., p. 1237This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1197.
Upper gastrointestinal cancers: Are all carcinomas truly carcinomas?
Authors: Xavier Sagaert, Eric Van Cutsem, Sabine Tejpar, Hans Prenen, Gert De Hertogh, Philippe Nafteux, Karin Haustermans, Maria Debiec-Rychter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

20 Background: Poorly differentiated cancer of the upper GI tract is a challenging diagnosis for the pathologist, who will rely on a positive cytokeratin immunostaining to confirm the epithelial origin of the tumor. Being confronted with a highly unusual case (a poorly differentiated esophageal “carcinoma” with immunophenotypic and genetic sarcoma-like features, arising in the background of high grade Barrett dysplasia), we retrospectively investigated whether other cancer cases displayed the same unusual features. Methods: 34 poorly differentiated GI cancers were selected based on availability of FFPE. All cases were investigated by (1) immunohistochemistry for selected carcinoma and sarcoma markers (prekeratin, NCAM, vimentin, CD99) and by (2) FISH for presence/absence of abnormalities of 2 genes, SYT and EWS, that are frequently rearranged in synovial and Ewing’s sarcoma respectively. Results: 6/34 cases displayed an aberrant immunophenotype, with expression of NCAM, vimentin, and/or CD99. FISH revealed a substantial number (9/34) of SYT and EWS related anomalies: 1 EWS rearrangements, 1 SYT rearrangements, 1 SYT and 1 EWS focal amplification, and 4 aneuploidies. While EWS and SYT are (mostly) fused to ERG or SSX1/2 in Ewing’s and synovial sarcoma respectively, these genes were found to be intact in our EWS and SYT rearranged cases. Conclusions: Our data show that SYT &amp; EWS abnormalities are recurrently occurring in poorly differentiated GI cancers that are (mis?)diagnosed as carcinomas. While EWS rearrangement has previously been described in cancer types other than Ewing’s sarcoma, SYT rearrangement was so far thought to be exclusive to the diagnosis of synovial sarcoma. In addition, EWS/SYT abnormalities in our series seemed to target cancers that are at risk of not responding well to the conventional chemoradiotherapy regimen. Of interest, the one “carcinoma” patient that started this study went into complete remission after being administered a sarcoma targeted therapy. We also infer from our results that good histologic assessment of GI cancers is essential for clinical trials aiming at targeted therapy, as not all carcinomas may present true carcinomas.
Presentation and Outcomes of Localized Amyloidosis: The Mayo Clinic Experience
Authors: Taxiarchis Kourelis, Francis Buadi, Morie A Gertz, Shaji Kumar, Martha Q. Lacy, Prashant Kapoor, Ronald S. Go, John A. Lust, Suzanne R. Hayman, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Steven R. Zeldenrust, Stephen J. Russell, David Dingli, Yi Lin, Nelson Leung, Robert A. Kyle, Wilson I. Gonsalves, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: Blood (2015)
Ecologic Momentary Assessment to Accomplish Real-Time Capture of Symptom Progression and the Physical and Cognitive Activities of Patients Daily Following Concussion
Authors: Douglas J. Wiebe, Michael L. Nance, Eileen Houseknecht, Matthew F. Grady, Nicole Otto, Danielle K. Sandsmark, Christina L. Master
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

with symptomatic failure may fill the prescription written by the physician when AOM was diagnosed either independently or after a telephone consultation with the physician.Nevertheless, regardless of the child's overall condition, parents should be advised to contact the physician for the initiation of antimicrobial treatment in the case of purulent otorrhea.In conclusion, our results give evidence that if initial observation without antimicrobial agents is chosen for children with AOM, close follow-up with reexamination may not be needed for children with symptomatic improvement.This finding could ease the burden of families and physicians, as symptomatic failure is encountered by only a minority of children with AOM who actually need reassessment.
<i>Landscape</i>
Authors: Philip Sefton
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HCV reinfection incidence and spontaneous clearance rates in HIV-positive men who have sex with men in Western Europe
Authors: Patrick Ingiliz, Thomas C. Martin, Alison Rodger, Hans-Jürgen Stellbrink, Stefan Mauss, Christoph Boesecke, Mattias Mandorfer, Julie Bottero, Axel Baumgarten, Sanjay Bhagani, Karine Lacombe, Mark Nelson, Jürgen K. Rockstroh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Multidrug Resistance Proteins Overexpression Worsen the Favorable Clinical Impact of an Elevated Spontaneous Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML).
Authors: Giovanni Del Poeta, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Francesco Buccisano, Adriano Venditti, Luca Maurillo, Emanuele Ammatuna, Antonio Bruno, Benedetta Neri, Chiara Sarlo, Francesco Lo Coco, Paolo de Fabritiis, Sergio Amadori
Journal: Blood (2006)
Novel Pretreatment Scoring Incorporating C-reactive Protein to Predict Overall Survival in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Sorafenib Treatment
Authors: Hiroyuki Nakanishi, Masayuki Kurosaki, Kaoru Tsuchiya, Yutaka Yasui, Mayu Higuchi, Tsubasa Yoshida, Yasuyuki Komiyama, Kenta Takaura, Tsuguru Hayashi, Konomi Kuwabara, Natsuko Nakakuki, Hitomi Takada, Masako Ueda, Nobuharu Tamaki, Shoko Suzuki, Jun Itakura, Yuka Takahashi, Namiki Izumi
Journal: Liver Cancer (2016)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Objectives: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;This study aimed to build a prediction score of prognosis for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after sorafenib treatment. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;A total of 165 patients with advanced HCC who were treated with sorafenib were analyzed. Readily available baseline factors were used to establish a scoring system for the prediction of survival. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;The median survival time (MST) was 14.2 months. The independent prognostic factors were C-reactive protein (CRP) &lt;1.0 mg/dL [hazard ratio (HR) =0.51], albumin &gt;3.5 g/dL (HR =0.55), alpha-fetoprotein &lt;200 ng/mL (HR =0.45), and a lack of major vascular invasion (HR =0.39). Each of these factors had a score of 1, and after classifying the patients into five groups, the total scores ranged from 0 to 4. Higher scores were linked to significantly longer survival (p&lt;0.0001). Twenty-nine patients (17.6%) with a score of 4 had a MST as long as 36.5 months, whereas MST was as short as 2.4 and 3.7 months for seven (4.2%) and 22 (13.3%) patients with scores of 0 and 1, respectively. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;A novel prognostic scoring system, which includes the CRP level, has the ability to stratify the prognosis of patients with advanced stage HCC after treatment with sorafenib.
Survival outcomes after initial infused therapy for elderly chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients.
Authors: M. Danese, R. Griffiths, M. Gleeson, S. Satram-Hoang, K. B. Knopf, J. Mikhael, C. M. Reyes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6565 Background: Over 70% of CLL patients are > 65 years old at diagnosis. However, real-world studies of elderly patients are few, and little is known about outcomes in the elderly. Methods: Using the SEER-Medicare data, we studied the initial use of infused therapies in CLL patients (age > 65) diagnosed from 1999 to 2005, and followed through 2007. We compared outcomes for patients taking rituximab with chemotherapy (R+CT) versus CT alone. Diagnosis and procedure codes in the claims data were used to identify more advanced disease (diagnosis of anemia or thrombocytopenia, used as a proxy for stage), key comorbid conditions, and therapies. Data on oral therapy was not available. Proportional hazards regression was used for survival, adjusting for age, gender, advanced stage, comorbidities, year and region. Results: We identified 6,426 new CLL patients (mean age 78, mean follow-up 40 months), of whom 2,231 initiated infused therapy. Factors associated with a lower likelihood (p < 0.05) of receiving initial infused therapy include age > 75, female, other race (neither black nor white), not being advanced stage, and ≥ 3 comorbidities. Of treated patients, 185 (8.3%) had hemolytic anemia and 1,091 (49%) had advanced disease. In total, 317 (14%) used R with no other CT, 286 (13%) used R+CT, and the remainder used CT alone. In adjusted models, R+CT was associated with a 21% lower risk of death compared to CT alone (HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.95). In patients without advanced disease, mortality risk was 34% lower for R+CT (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.89), but there was no difference among patients with advanced disease (HR 0.90, 95% CI 0.70 to 1.17). Incidences of some hematologic diagnoses within 180 days of starting therapy were higher with R+CT compared to CT alone (anemia: 49% vs. 39%, p = 0.05; neutropenia: 35% vs. 18%, p < 0.001; thrombocytopenia: 10% each). Because all severity levels are included, these rates are not comparable to grade 3-4 rates from clinical trials. Conclusions: In this elderly cohort, initial infused therapy with R+CT was associated with lower mortality compared to CT alone. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech Genentech Roche Celgene, Genentech
Sodium Excretion, Cardiovascular Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Katherine Mills, Jiang He
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Painful Chronic Ulcers on the Neck and Back
Authors: Emily M. Erstine, Angela M. B. Collie, Melissa P. Piliang
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Imatinib mesylate for the treatment of locally advanced and/or metastatic pigmented villonodular synovitis/tenosynovial giant cell tumor (PVNS/TGCT).
Authors: P. A. Cassier, S. Stacchiotti, H. Gelderblom, D. M. Thomas, W. Van Der Graaf, B. M. Seddon, D. Julien, A. J. Wagner, J. Blay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10012 Background: PVNS/TGCT is a rare pathological entity affecting the synovium and tendon sheaths in young adults. This usually benign neoplasm is driven by overexpression of CSF1, in some cases as a result of a t(1;2) translocation which results in the fusion of the CSF1 gene to the COL6A3 promoter. CSF1 in turn attracts non-neoplastic inflammatory cells expressing CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) through a paracrine—
Antidepressants for bipolar depression [7] (multiple letters)
Authors: S. Nassir Ghaemi, Frederick K. Goodwin, Jeffrey C. Fetter, Kathleen D. Askland, Robert M A Hirschfeld, Laura J. Fochtmann, John S. McIntyre, Harm J. Gijsman, John R. Geddes, Jennifer M. Rendell, Guy M. Goodwin, Willem A. Nolen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)
Case 47-1971
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. McNeely, Shaun Ruddy, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Presentation of CaseA 54-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of progressive dyspnea.Rheumatoid arthritis had developed at the age of 26 years, with remission after six weeks of bed rest and recurrence 15 years before admission, when a colloid goiter and hypothyroidism appeared; she was treated with thyroid hormone. During the next nine years there were several mild remissions of the arthritis, but her normally active life was increasingly limited by progressive joint disease. Six years before admission chloroquine was given for 18 months because of an exacerbation. One year before entry the joint symptoms again increased . . .
When “Rocking the Boat” Saves a Life
Authors: Chadi Nabhan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal