tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute rhabdomyolysis with severe polymyositis following ipilimumab-nivolumab treatment in a cancer patient with elevated anti-striated muscle antibody
Authors: Mehmet Asim Bilen, Sumit K. Subudhi, Jianjun Gao, Nizar M. Tannir, Shi-Ming Tu, Padmanee Sharma
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2016)

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy since these drugs target inhibitory pathways on T cells, which result in durable anti-tumor immune responses and significant overall survival for a subset of cancer patients. These drugs can also lead to toxicities, which require additional research to identify mechanisms of toxicities and biomarkers that can help to identify patients who will develop immune-related adverse events. We describe the first case, to our knowledge, of a patient with metastatic urothelial carcinoma who developed acute rhabdomyolysis with severe polymyositis after treatment with combination immunotherapy consisting of ipilimumab plus nivolumab (Trial registration: NCT01928394. Registered: 8/21/2013). We found that this patient had an elevated pre-existing anti-striated muscle antibody titer, which was likely exacerbated with the immunotherapy treatment thereby resulting in the presentation of acute rhabdomyolysis and severe polymyositis. This case suggests that immune-related adverse events may be linked to subclinical autoimmune conditions which highlights the need for additional studies to identify patients who are at risk for toxicities.
"Sociopathy" and its synonyms: inappropriate diagnoses in child psychiatry
Authors: D O Lewis,  Balla
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The use of the diagnosis "sociopathy" and its synonyms hinders the search for other kinds of symptomatology, the recognition of which might lead to appropriate therapeutic intervention. The authors therefore suggest that the terms "sociopathic personality," "antisocial personality," and "acting out aggressive reaction of childhood or adolescence" be eliminated as primary diagnoses from the psychiatric nomenclature for children or adolescents. Two case reports are presented to emphasize the damage these diagnoses can cause.
Rabies surveillance, trends in animal rabies and human post-exposure treatment in Poland, 1990 -2004
Authors: M Sadkowska-Todys, M Rosinska, M Smreczak, M Czerwinski, J  F Zmudzinski
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

This paper describes recent changes in the epizootical and epidemiological situation of rabies in Poland. Analysis of routine surveillance data on animal cases and human post-exposure treatment was performed in order to examine the impact of introduction of cell culture vaccine for human use and the implementation of the fox immunisation programme. The success of the immunisation programme for wild animals has become evident during the past 3 years, as a 9-fold decrease in animal rabies cases has been observed. To date, however, the downward trend in animal rabies cases has had no effect on the frequency of administration of the post-exposure treatment for humans. Moreover, two cases of locally acquired human rabies have occurred in patients who did not receive post-exposure vaccination. These cases prove that rabies should be still considered a public health concern in Poland.
Presidential address. May 22, 1995 Thirty-First Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.
Authors: K Antman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.12.2980 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8523064 Presidential address. May 22, 1995 Thirty-First Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. K AntmanxK AntmanSearch for articles by this author Show More Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.12.2980 First Page PDF © 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The Homologous Transplantation of Tissues: Clinical Aspects&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W. P. Longmire, Jr.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Journal Article The Homologous Transplantation of Tissues: Clinical Aspects Get access W. P. Longmire, Jr. W. P. Longmire, Jr. Major Medical Corps, United States Air Force Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 3, December 1953, Pages 669–689, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.3.669 Published: 01 December 1953
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Due to a Peptic Ulcer
Authors: Joseph C Yarze, Michael Tadros
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Key Clinical PointsUpper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common cause of hospitalization due to gastrointestinal disease in the United States. Peptic ulcers, primarily due to Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding. In patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, tachycardia (heart rate, ≥100 beats per minute), hypotension (systolic blood pressure, ≤100 mm Hg), age older than 60 years, and major coexisting conditions are associated with increased risks of further bleeding and death. Patients with bleeding ulcers due to H. pylori infection should receive treatment for this infection and, after eradication is confirmed, discontinue antisecretory medications. Patients with bleeding ulcers due to NSAIDs other than low-dose aspirin should discontinue NSAIDs; if NSAIDs must be resumed, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)–selective NSAID plus a proton-pump inhibitor should be u...
The uses of hopelessness
Authors: M I Bennett, M B Bennett
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

If most emotional problems, like most medical problems, are caused by bad luck as well as by factors over which man has control, then those who suffer from such problems must accept a burden of helplessness. When patients and their families overuse theories of causality to avoid accepting their helplessness and to create an illusory sense of human control, unjust assignment of responsibility and excessive expectations for change may erode self-esteem and make change more difficult. The authors present examples of interventions that challenge the overuse of theories of causality. Although these interventions aroused hopelessness, they also fostered realistic hope and change.
A sociocultural study of koro epidemics in Guangdong, China
Authors: W S Tseng, K M Mo, J Hsu, L S Li, L W Ou, G Q Chen, D W Jiang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Koro, a culture-related psychiatric disorder characterized by panic due to fear of genital retraction, occurred as the rare phenomenon of koro epidemics in a remote region of Guangdong, China, in 1984-1985 and 1987. The sociocultural and historical backgrounds of the area are described. The life pattern and attitudes toward supernatural beings and the commonly shared folk belief of evil-induced genital retraction were considered grounds for the panic, while the community's anxious reaction and hysterical atmosphere facilitated the intensification and recurrence of the episodes. Geographic seclusion associated with localism in folk beliefs and practices may have kept the epidemics confined to the region.
THE PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY
Authors: KEITH D. HEUSER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1946)

Clinical and Rorschach studies were made on 28 soldiers evidencing a psychopathic personality. The Rorschach scatter for each of these cases is given. Three brief clinical histories are included. The total Rorschach average is given and the criminals, sexual psychopaths and paranoid personalities subtracted from this total with the Rorschach pattern of the inadequate personality given. Certain relatively constant factors have been mentioned. It is felt that such a series under such a controlled atmosphere as produced by the military service in an overseas theatre would be difficult to duplicate in civilian life. This is a limited number of cases. The psychopathic personality appears to be shallow, flat and lacking in sufficient inner and outer control to warrant normal behavior. The psychopath lacks adequate intellectual depth to personally understand his behavior, yet his intelligence is within normal limits as measured by clinical and psychometric appraisal. The cognitive subdivision of his personality seems rather to be ruled by primitive basic instinctual and sexual drives to the exclusion of rational behavior. There is no apparent inter-personal conflict over this apparent deviation in his integration and he continues blithely along his way, bumping his head into the stone walls of social mores and customs time and again. Emotionally he is vacant with little innate emotional control and that present, when aroused, is characterized by violent upheavals and uncontrollable behavior of the rage reaction type which, at the time of the outburst, is of psychotic nature and appears to mimic insanity even in the legal sense of the word. The psychopath appears to be a social misfit, usually totally unmodifiable and exhibiting a deeply ingrained disorder of temperament.
Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease: Importance of Holistic Geriatric Oncology Assessment
Authors: Claire Brady, Kieran O’Connor, Derek G. Power
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Nead et al 1 have presented the results of a retrospective, nested, case-control study that demonstrated a statistically significantly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients with prostate cancer who were treated with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) compared with those who did not receive ADT.The authors highlight an important potential association between two common conditions in older men-prostate cancer and AD.A true causal link between treatment with ADT for prostate cancer and an increased incidence of AD has significant public health implications.The authors address some limitations of their study.The mean age difference of the two populations under study, that is, 70.9 years for the ADT group and 66.7 years for the non-ADT group (P , .001), must be highlighted in our view.This age difference is fundamentally important as AD is a disease of aging, with incidence doubling every 5 years after age 65 years. 2Those who received ADT were an older population and could be considered to be at higher risk of AD as a result of age alone.ADT has a potential pathophysiologic pathway to AD, which has been highlighted in recent years 3,4 ; however, brain health is closely linked to overall cardiovascular health, and factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease are associated with a greater risk of dementia.ADT has been linked with cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus. 5All these are conditions increase the risk of AD, as shown by Nead et al. 1 Determination of the causality of AD is therefore increasingly more complex, and the possible impact of cardiovascular disease cannot be underestimated.Age, cardiovascular risk, AD, prostate cancer, and ADT are overlapping risk factors, and to determine an association between AD and ADT is far more complex than the authors acknowledge.This article underscores the importance of developing the subspecialty of geriatric oncology.Geriatric medicine principles and a comprehensive geriatric assessment can uncover numerous health problems in older patients with cancer and can influence treatment decisions. 6Identifying comorbid conditions and physiologic changes as a result of aging allows better assessment of risks and benefits and appropriate adjustment of treatment.We would advocate a collaborative, patient-centered approach between geriatricians and oncologists in the management of all older patients with cancer.The results of Nead et al 1 support the need for a holistic approach to identify baseline comorbid disease, cognition, cardiovascular, and dementia risks as well as to have a longer-term follow-up screening for cognitive problems for older patients with prostate cancer to help our patients achieve the best possible outcomes.
National policies for preventing antimicrobial resistance - the situation in 17 European countries in late 2000
Authors: H Therre
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

A survey carried out within Member States of the European Union and Norway shows that in all but two countries national surveillance of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics existed in December 2000. In Italy, Ireland and Scotland, the systems were set up very recently (respectively in 1998, 1999 and 1999). Moreover, excepting of Ireland and Scotland, all countries have a national system for data collection on the consumption of antibiotics, namely since 2000 in Austria, Italy and Luxembourg. Several of these systems were set up after 1998 when the recommendations of the European conference ‘The Microbial Threat’ held in Copenhague were published. In addition, a certain number of other measures have been undertaken since then: education campaigns to the population in England and Wales, in Ireland or in France, creation of committees specifically in charge of consumption surveillance in Italy or of the prevention of resistance in Belgium or in Ireland, publications of recommendations on the good use of antibiotics in Austria and in Finland, etc.
Variable Regulation of Sensitivity to Retinoic Acid-induced Differentiation in Wild-type and Retinoic Acid-resistant HL-60 Cells
Authors: R E Gallagher, F de Cuevillas, C S Chang, E L Schwartz
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

The initial cell association and metabolic conversion of retinoic acid (RA) by HL-60 cells in serum-free, transferrin/insulin-supplemented, RPMI 1640 medium was greater than or equal to 10-fold greater than in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). This was paralleled under the serum-free conditions by 10-fold greater sensitivity to RA-induced differentiation, which was partially reversed by the addition of purified bovine serum albumin to the same concentration present in 10% FBS. In serum-free HL-1 medium, HL-60 cell sensitivity to RA-induced differentiation was approximately 250-fold less than in serum-free RPMI 1640 medium but, in this comparison, there was little difference in RA cell association or metabolism. A greater than 200-fold RA-resistant HL-60 subline had RA cell-association and metabolism rates similar to those of wild-type cells under all culture conditions. No significant qualitative differences in the high performance liquid chromatography elution patterns of polar metabolites were observed under any circumstances. These results indicate that inherent cellular properties, not associated with gross differences in RA uptake or metabolism, primarily determined the relative sensitivity or insensitivity of HL-60 cells to RA-induced differentiation but that RA responsiveness was markedly regulated by extracellular factors, one of which, serum albumin, appeared to act by decreasing the initial cell association and metabolism of RA, whereas other, as yet unidentified exogenous factors, may have acted independently of these functions.
The DNA Content of Tumor Cells. II. Alterations During the Formation of Hepatomas in Rats
Authors: H. F. Stich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

The cytology of hepatic cells during the process of carcinogenesis was studied in rats fed with a protein-deficient DAB (4 - dimethylaminoazobenzene) diet. Emphasis was placed on the induction of mitotic irregularities and the formation of cells containing aneuploid amounts of DNA, which was quantitatively determined by the microphotometric method of Patau. The results indicate that DAB causes severe damage to the cells, ranging from chromosomal abnormalities such as chromosome fragments and bridges to spindle irregularities such as tripolar mitoses and unequal chromosome distribution. These abnormal mitoses lead to the formation of a population consisting of cells with different aneuploid amounts of DNA. The alteration from a genetically homogeneous to a genetically heterogeneous cell population occurs in the precancerous liver of DAB-fed rats before any definite tumors can be recognized. The hepatomas studied contain cells having a predominantly subtetraploid DNA content or a multiple of this aneuploid DNA value. Two hepatomas of the same liver lobe can differ from each other in their average DNA content. The significance of mitotic abnormalities, the occurrence of a genetically heterogeneous cell population, and the selection of a particular cell line are discussed in regard to the formation of neoplastic cells.
Reply to Weigang Yan, Zhien Zhou, Hanzhong Li's Letter to the Editor re: Jeffrey J. Tosoian, Debasish Sundi, Bruce J. Trock, et al. Pathologic Outcomes in Favorable-risk Prostate Cancer: Comparative Analysis of Men Electing Active Surveillance and Immediate Surgery. Eur Urol 2016;69:576–81
Authors: Jeffery J. Tosoian, Bruce J. Trock, H. Ballentine Carter, Mufaddal Mamawala
Journal: European Urology (2016)
LG-42CEREBELLAR ASTROCYTOMA IN A REGIONAL NEURO-ONCOLOGY CENTRE; EVALUATING THE NEED FOR POST-SURGICAL IMAGING SURVEILLANCE
Authors: Hannah Brophy, Barry Pizer, Conor Mallucci, Shivaram Avula, Sue Hemsworth, Benedetta Pettorini, Dawn Williams, James Hayden
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

BACKGROUND: Cerebellar astrocytomas constitute around 15% of childhood CNS neoplasms.Surgery, with the aim of complete resection, is the principal treatment modality, although need for and duration of post-surgical MRI surveillance is not well defined.In this respect, we conducted an evaluation of the outcome of cerebellar astrocytomas at our regional paediatric neurooncology centre.METHODS: Our tumour database was interrogated to identify all cases of cerebellar astrocytoma.Variables included patient age, gender, completeness of resection, duration of follow-up, and remission status.RESULTS: Between 1988 and 2007, 49 patients with cerebellar astrocytoma were reviewed -43 pilocytic astrocytomas, 4 fibrillary astrocytomas, 1 ganglioglioma and 1 unspecified low-grade tumour.Thirty-seven patients underwent complete resection (CR), none of whom relapsed.We thus changed the duration of MRI surveillance from 5 years to 2.5 years (scans at 6, 18 and 30 months post surgery) in those patients who had undergone CR.Since this change in practise, a further 15 patients have undergone complete surgical resection for WHO grade 1 pilocytic astrocytoma.One of these 15 patients relapsed 11 months post surgery (median follow-up -4.08 years).CONCLUSION: Since reducing the length of MRI imaging surveillance from 5 to 2.5 years, no patient has relapsed beyond the surveillance screening interval.This supports a change in practice to shorten the duration of postoperative imaging.This has resulted in a time and cost saving to families and health service.
A Collagen-Like Peptide Stimulates Tyrosine Phosphorylation of syk and Phospholipase Cγ2 in Platelets Independent of the Integrin α2β1
Authors: Judith Asselin, Jonathan M. Gibbins, Marcus Achison, Young Han Lee, Laurence F. Morton, Richard W. Farndale, Michael J. Barnes, Steve P. Watson
Journal: Blood (1997)
P10 High troponin I in acute liver failure: a marker of myocardial injury or metabolic stress?
Authors: V Audimoolam, J Wendon, W Bernal, C Willars, M Mcphail, G Auzinger
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  ALF is a life-threatening multi-system illness resulting from massive hepatic necrosis. Acute liver failure (ALF), in its more severe forms is invariably complicated by progressive haemodynamic disturbances with a pattern of distributive shock; elevated cardiac output and decreased peripheral vascular resistance being the standard apart from hypoxic hepatitis of cardiac origin. A recent study demonstrated a relatively high incidence of elevated troponin I (TI) in patients presenting with ALF; elevated levels were associated with poorer outcome attributed to myocardial damage. Data pertaining to invasive haemodynamic monitoring or cardiac imaging studies have not been described in conjunction with TI measurement.  Method  We prospectively collected invasive haemodynamic data (transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output measurements PICCO) and echocardiographic studies in a cohort of patients with ALF. These data were analysed along with TI levels, taken routinely on admission to a tertiary liver centre. TI levels were considered positive if >0.05 μg/l or “high” if over the 50th centile.  Results  A total of 191 patients who fulfilled criteria for ALF and subacute liver failure (ALF/SALF) were enrolled from 2007 to 2010. 121 patients had an elevated T I > 0.05 μg/l on admission (102/19-ALF/SALF, p=0.128 χ 2  test). 122 patients underwent echocardiogram; 50 of the TI negative group (TI-neg) and 72 in the TI positive group (TI-pos); p 2  test. Median TI levels was 0.075 μg/L (0–8.52) in those who survived and 0.180 μg/l (0–50) in those who either died or were transplanted; p=0.051, Mann–Whitney U test. There was no statistically significant association identified in regard of regional wall motion abnormalities between TI pos/ neg groups (7/78 vs 1/36, p=0.461 χ 2  test) or TI high (>0.7) or low groups ( 2  test). A borderline association was noted between TI pos and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) (15/70 vs 1/36, p=0.050, χ 2  test), LVD was seen in (22%) high TI vs (6%) in the low TI group. No difference in haemodynamic parameters were noted between the TI neg and pos groups for MAP (70 (50–124) vs 70 (45–180); p=0.221), Cardiac index (4.45 (3.0–6.9) vs 4.5 (2.0–7.67); p=0.336) Blood volume-ITBVI (720 (488–1186) vs 783 (426–1392); p=0.207) Lung water-EVLWI (9 (6–18) vs 9 (5–34); p=0.998; all Mann–Whitney U test). Subjects with elevated TI had an elevated median creatinine kinase (CK) (329 (6–37840) IU/L vs 81 (14–1417) IU/L (p=  Conclusion  Troponin I elevation observed in ALF/SALF may not represent true myocardial injury and may be better viewed as a marker of metabolic stress. TI is not associated with directly measured haemodynamic abnormalities in ALF patients. Novel serum markers are needed to better reflect cardiovascular compromise in ALF.
EPT-17PHASE I STUDY OF BRAF INHIBITOR (VEMURAFENIB) IN COMBINATION WITH THE MTOR INHIBITOR (EVEROLIMUS) IN BRAF<sup>V600E</sup>POSITIVE CHILDHOOD AND AYA BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Ryuma Tanaka, Soumen Khatua, Wafik Zaky, Marta Penas-Prado, Shiao-Pei Weathers, Vivek Subbiah
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Is portal-vein fluorouracil hepatic infusion effective colon cancer surgical adjuvant therapy?
Authors: M J O'Connell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.9.1454 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2391556 Is portal-vein fluorouracil hepatic infusion effective colon cancer surgical adjuvant therapy? M J O'ConnellxM J O'ConnellSearch for articles by this author Show More Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1990.8.9.1454 First Page PDF © 1990 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Meta-analyses need time, collaboration, and funding.
Authors: P Piedbois, M Buyse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.4.878 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8151333 Meta-analyses need time, collaboration, and funding. P PiedboisxP PiedboisSearch for articles by this author , M BuysexM BuyseSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.4.878 First Page PDF © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology