tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Imported malaria in Germany in 1996
Authors: L Apitzsch, Gernot Rasch, W Kiehl
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Malaria is not endemic in Germany, but it is one of the most commonly imported infectious diseases. The numbers of imported cases increased from 1994 to 1996; in 1997 according to preliminary data there were a total of 994 cases. In 1996, 1021 cases of ma
A case of incidental sloughing esophagitis
Authors: John Eick, Tyler Black, Chad Burski
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

An 82-year-old woman with a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation, mitral regurgitation, and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction was admitted with an exacerbation of heart failure. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) to evaluate whether she was a candidate for mitral valve repair was attempted but was unsuccessful because of high levels of resistance and the inability to pass the transesophageal probe. Upon further questioning the patient admitted to a history of progressive dysphagia over the previous 2 weeks.
Book Review The Economics of Health and Medical Care Third edition. By Philip Jacobs. 377 pp. Rockville, Md., Aspen, 1991. $39.95. The Profit Motive and Patient Care: The changing accountability of doctors and hospitals (A Twentieth Century Fund Report.) By Bradford H. Gray. 440 pp. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1991. $37.50. Regulating Doctors' Fees: Competition, benefits, and controls under medicare Edited by H.E. Freeh III. 446 pp. Washington, D.C., American Enterprise …
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
What would you do if this were your ... wife, sister, mother, self?
Authors: D F Hayes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.1 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1985157 What would you do if this were your ... wife, sister, mother, self? D F HayesxD F HayesSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.1.1 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Polio outbreak in Albania, 1996
Authors: M L Ciofi Degli Atti, R Prevots, A Sallabanda, P Malfait, E Diamantil, B Aylward, D Greco, S Wassilak
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

Between April and November 1996, a large outbreak of polio occurred in Albania, which had reported to be free of polio since 1985. Although Albania had not reported polio in that interval, the risk of introduction and circulation of wild poliovirus had in
Estimating the most efficient allocation of interventions to achieve reductions in Plasmodium falciparum malaria burden and transmission in Africa: a modelling study
Authors: Patrick G T Walker, Jamie T Griffin, Neil M Ferguson, Azra C Ghani
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

BackgroundReducing the burden of malaria is a global priority, but financial constraints mean that available resources must be allocated rationally to maximise their effect. We aimed to develop a model to estimate the most efficient (ie, minimum cost) ordering of interventions to reduce malaria burden and transmission. We also aimed to estimate the efficiency of different spatial scales of implementation.MethodsWe combined a dynamic model capturing heterogeneity in malaria transmission across Africa with financial unit cost data for key malaria interventions. We combined estimates of patterns of malaria endemicity, seasonality in rainfall, and mosquito composition to map optimum packages of these interventions across Africa. Using non-linear optimisation methods, we examined how these optimum packages vary when control measures are deployed and assessed at national, subnational first administrative (provincial), or fine-scale (5 km2 pixel) spatial scales.FindingsThe most efficient package in a given setting varies depending on whether disease reduction or elimination is the target. Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets are generally the most cost-effective first intervention to achieve either goal, with seasonal malaria chemoprevention or indoor residual spraying added second depending on seasonality and vector species. These interventions are estimated to reduce malaria transmission to less than one case per 1000 people per year in 43·4% (95% CI 40·0–49·0) of the population at risk in Africa. Adding three rounds of mass drug administration per year is estimated to increase this proportion to 90·9% (95% CI 86·9–94·6). Further optimisation can be achieved by targeting policies at the provincial level, achieving an estimated 32·1% (95% CI 29·6–34·5) cost saving relative to adopting country-wide policies. Nevertheless, we predict that only 26 (95% CI 22–29) of 41 countries could reduce transmission to these levels with these approaches.InterpretationThese results highlight the cost–benefits of carefully tailoring malaria interventions to the ecological landscape of different areas. However, novel interventions are necessary if malaria eradication is to be achieved.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, UK Medical Research Council.
The Effects of Low Concentrations of Carcinogen in Epidermal Carcinogenesis, A Comparison with Promoting Agents&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;,&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: U SAFFIOTTI, P SHUBIK
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article The Effects of Low Concentrations of Carcinogen in Epidermal Carcinogenesis, A Comparison with Promoting Agents, Get access Umberto Saffiotti, Umberto Saffiotti Division of Oncology, The Chicago Medical School,5Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philippe Shubik Philippe Shubik Division of Oncology, The Chicago Medical School,5Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 4, February 1956, Pages 961–969, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.4.961 Published: 01 February 1956 Article history Received: 08 July 1955 Published: 01 February 1956
Changing characteristics of livestock-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from humans – emergence of a subclade transmitted without livestock exposure, the Netherlands, 2003 to 2014
Authors: Thijs Bosch, Martijn van Luit, Gerlinde N Pluister, Dineke Frentz, Anja Haenen, Fabian Landman, Sandra Witteveen, Naomi van Marm-Wattimena, Han G van der Heide, Leo M Schouls
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Since 2007, livestock-associated meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) has become the predominant MRSA clade isolated from humans in the Netherlands. To assess possible temporal changes, we molecularly characterised over 9,000 LA-MRSA isolates submitted from 2003 to 2014 to the Dutch MRSA surveillance. After an initial rapid increase with a peak in 2009 (n = 1,368), the total number of submitted LA-MRSA isolates has been slowly decreasing to 968 in 2014 and over 80% of LA-MRSA belonged to one of three predominant MLVA/ spa -types. Next generation sequencing (n=118) showed that MT569/t034 isolates were genetically more diverse than MT398/t011 and MT572/t108. Concurrent with the decrease in LA-MRSA, fewer people reported having contact with livestock and this was most prominent for people carrying MT569/t034 LA-MRSA. The proportion of LA-MRSA isolated from infection-related materials increased from 6% in 2009, to 13% in 2014 and most of these isolates originated from patients older than 50 years of age. Remarkably, 83% of these patients reported not having contact with livestock. The results reveal an ongoing change in the genotypic and epidemiological characteristics of Dutch LA-MRSA isolated from humans with the emergence of a LA-MRSA subclade independent of livestock exposure, suggesting LA-MRSA starts to resemble non-LA-MRSA in terms of transmissibility and pathogenicity.
Two patterns of blood pooling in giant hemangiomas on Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy.
Authors: S T Lim, S A Park, M H Sohn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine* and Institute for Medical Sciences,† Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonju, Korea Received for publication May 17, 2000. Accepted July 23, 2000. Supported by Korea Research Foundation grant KRF-99-041-F00273. Reprint requests: Myung-Hee Sohn, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 634-18 Keumam-dong, Duckjin-gu, Chonju, Chonbuk 561-712, Korea. E-mail: [email protected]
Profile and evolution of the chemosusceptibility of falciparum malaria imported into France in 2000
Authors: P Ralaimazava, R Durand, N Godineau, A Keundjian, Z Jezic, B Pradines, O Bouchaud, J Le Bras
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

In 2000, the chemosusceptibility of imported malaria was stable in France. All countries of infection considered, the bi-resistance to chloroquine and cycloguanil has not changed from 1996 to 2000. The monotherapy using quinine or mefloquine remains the first-line treatment to falciparum malaria. Resistance to these two antimalarials is rare in Africa and has not evolved over the past 15 years.
G9a regulates group 2 innate lymphoid cell development by repressing the group 3 innate lymphoid cell program
Authors: Frann Antignano, Mitchell Braam, Michael R. Hughes, Alistair L. Chenery, Kyle Burrows, Matthew J. Gold, Menno J. Oudhoff, David Rattray, Timotheus Y. Halim, Alissa Cait, Fumio Takei, Fabio M. Rossi, Kelly M. McNagny, Colby Zaph
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are emerging as important regulators of homeostatic and disease-associated immune processes. Despite recent advances in defining the molecular pathways that control development and function of ILCs, the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate ILC biology are unknown. Here, we identify a role for the lysine methyltransferase G9a in regulating ILC2 development and function. Mice with a hematopoietic cell–specific deletion of G9a (Vav.G9a−/− mice) have a severe reduction in ILC2s in peripheral sites, associated with impaired development of immature ILC2s in the bone marrow. Accordingly, Vav.G9a−/− mice are resistant to the development of allergic lung inflammation. G9a-dependent dimethylation of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9me2) is a repressive histone mark that is associated with gene silencing. Genome-wide expression analysis demonstrated that the absence of G9a led to increased expression of ILC3-associated genes in developing ILC2 populations. Further, we found high levels of G9a-dependent H3K9me2 at ILC3-specific genetic loci, demonstrating that G9a-mediated repression of ILC3-associated genes is critical for the optimal development of ILC2s. Together, these results provide the first identification of an epigenetic regulatory mechanism in ILC development and function.
Saving Tiny Tim — Pediatrics and Childhood Poverty in the United States
Authors: Perri Klass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Interview with Dr. Perri Klass on the health effects of child poverty in the United States and the AAP’s new policy statement on screening. (06:26)Download The detrimental effects of extreme poverty on children's lives are serious, and they lack simple storybook resolutions. The American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement on poverty and child health represents an honorable step toward addressing this problem.
Case 51-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, John F. Beamis, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 72-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of anorexia, weight loss, and a right pleural effusion.She was well until 4 1/2 years earlier, when a mass was discovered in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. A lumpectomy was performed, and microscopical examination of the specimen showed a poorly differentiated infiltrating ductal carcinoma (Fig. 1), with clear resection margins; 4 of 13 lymph nodes contained metastatic tumor. An estradiol-receptor assay was positive at 62 fmol per milligram of protein; a progestin-receptor assay was negative. An electrocardiogram was normal. An x-ray film of the . . .
Histamine
Authors: Michael A. Beaven
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Histamine is one of a group of diverse substances that include: the biogenic amines, histamine and serotonin, small peptides, such as the kinins, and lipids, such as the prostaglandins and the chemically unidentified, slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis (SRS-A). All these substances are released from tissues during injury or inflammatory reactions. All produce edema when injected locally, alter blood pressure when injected systemically, and act on a variety of smooth-muscle preparations in vitro. Their actions can be attenuated, blocked, or potentiated by a variety of agents either by interacting at receptors or by blocking the enzymes that synthesize or metabolize . . .
Uric Acid, Monosodium Urate and Ammonium Urate Urinary Relative Saturations in Normo-Uricuric Calcium Oxalate Stone Formers
Authors: M. Labeeuw, C. Gerbaulet, N. Pozet, P. Zech, P. Divry, J. Traeger
Journal: European Urology (1980)
Recent Advances in Psychiatry
Authors: M GUENSBERG
Journal: JAMA (1934)

DURING the post-War years, and more particularly since the Royal Commission on Lunacy completed and published its labours, the subject of mental disorder has been one of universal public interest. Dr. Henry Devine, the superintendent of the Holloway Sanatorium, was entrusted with the work of writing the volume in Messrs. Churchill's well-known “Recent Advances” series dealing with this subject.
Effect of a Low-Fat Diet on Hormone Levels in Women With Cystic Breast Disease
Authors: Carr J. Smith, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

Journal Article Effect of a Low-Fat Diet on Hormone Levels in Women With Cystic Breast Disease Get access Carr J. Smith, Ph.D. Carr J. Smith, Ph.D. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco CompanyWinston-Salem, North Carolina 27102 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 79, Issue 3, September 1987, Page 607, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/79.3.607 Published: 01 September 1987
Expression of human colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) receptor in murine pluripotent hematopoietic NFS-60 cells induces long-term proliferation in response to CSF-1 without loss of erythroid differentiation potential
Authors: RP Bourette, G Mouchiroud, R Ouazana, F Morle, J Godet, JP Blanchet
Journal: Blood (1993)
Pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomatosis induced by nivolumab
Authors: H. Montaudié, J. Pradelli, T. Passeron, J.-P. Lacour, S. Leroy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

The use of antibodies against programmed death (PD)1, such as nivolumab and pembrolizumab, has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with advanced melanoma. Nivolumab is also approved in advanced squamous cell nonsmall‐cell lung cancer. These immunotherapies are associated with a unique set of toxicities termed immune‐related adverse events, which are different from toxicities observed with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy. We report the case of a 56‐year‐old man who was diagnosed with metastatic melanoma and who received nivolumab. One week after the second infusion, he developed pulmonary symptoms, dry eye syndrome and a bilateral swelling of the parotid glands. Investigations were negative for infection. The bronchoalveolar lavage differential cell count showed 32% lymphocytes with an increased CD4 : CD8 ratio, and bronchial biopsies revealed noncaseating epithelioid granulomas, without malignant cells. The clinical and radiological courses were rapidly favourable with oral corticosteroid. This case illustrates that sarcoidosis can be induced by nivolumab treatment. With the increasing use of anti‐PD1 inhibitors in patients with advanced melanoma and squamous cell nonsmall‐cell lung cancer, clinicians should be aware of this potential associated immune‐related adverse event.
Dialysis for schizophrenia: review of clinical trials and implications for further research
Authors: D L Fogelson, S R Marder, T Van Putten
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

At least 67 schizophrenic patients have undergone dialysis for renal failure, without improvement in schizophrenic symptoms. Ninety-two nonuremic schizophrenic patients have received dialysis in nonblind studies; 22 improved, 21 improved partially, 47 showed no change, and 2 became worse. The authors point out factors other than dialysis that may affect outcome, including family respones and reduction in drug dose. They believe that until the results of current double-blind, sham-controlled trials are known, dialysis should not be prescribed as a treatment for schizophrenia.
Magnetic Nanoparticles in Cancer Theranostics
Authors: Oliviero L. Gobbo, Kristine Sjaastad, Marek W. Radomski, Yuri Volkov, Adriele Prina-Mello
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

In a report from 2008, The International Agency for Research on Cancer predicted a tripled cancer incidence from 1975, projecting a possible 13-17 million cancer deaths worldwide by 2030.While new treatments are evolving and reaching approval for different cancer types, the main prevention of cancer mortality is through early diagnosis, detection and treatment of malignant cell growth.The last decades have seen a development of new imaging techniques now in widespread clinical use.The development of nano-imaging through fluorescent imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to detect and diagnose cancer at an earlier stage than with current imaging methods.The characteristic properties of nanoparticles result in their theranostic potential allowing for simultaneous detection of and treatment of the disease.This review provides state of the art of the nanotechnological applications for cancer therapy.Furthermore, it advances a novel concept of personalized nanomedical theranostic therapy using iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles in conjunction with MRI imaging.Regulatory and industrial perspectives are also included to outline future perspectives in nanotechnological cancer research.
Excretion of infectious hepatitis E virus into milk in cows imposes high risks of zoonosis
Authors: Fen Huang, Yunlong Li, Wenhai Yu, Shenrong Jing, Jue Wang, Feiyan Long, Zhanlong He, Chenchen Yang, Yanhong Bi, Wentao Cao, Chengbo Liu, Xiuguo Hua, Qiuwei Pan
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) represents the main cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. HEV infection in immunocompromised patients involves a high risk for the development of chronic hepatitis. Because HEV is recognized as a zoonotic pathogen, it is currently believed that swine is the primary reservoir. However, this is not sufficient to justify the strikingly high seroprevalence of HEV in both developing and Western countries. Thus, this study aimed to identify new zoonotic sources that bear a high risk of transmission to humans. We collected fecal, blood, and milk samples of cows in a typical rural region of Yunnan Province in southwest China, where mixed farming of domestic animals is a common practice. HEV RNA was quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the whole genome was sequenced. HEV infectivity was assessed in rhesus macaques. We found a high prevalence of active HEV infection in cows as determined by viral RNA positivity in fecal samples. Surprisingly, we discovered that HEV is excreted into milk that is produced by infected cows. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all HEV isolates from cow/milk belong to genotype 4 and subtype 4h. Gavage with HEV-contaminated raw and even pasteurized milk resulted in active infection in rhesus macaques. Importantly, a short period of boiling, but not pasteurization, could completely inactivate HEV.Infectious HEV-contaminated cow milk is recognized as a new zoonotic source that bears a high risk of transmission to humans; these results call attention to understanding and establishing proper measurement and control of HEV zoonotic transmission, particularly in the setting of mixed farming of domestic animals. (Hepatology 2016;64:350-359).
Micromolar sodium fluoride mediates anti-osteoclastogenesis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss
Authors: Ujjal K Bhawal, Hye-Jin Lee, Kazumune Arikawa, Michiharu Shimosaka, Masatoshi Suzuki, Toshizo Toyama, Takenori Sato, Ryota Kawamata, Chieko Taguchi, Nobushiro Hamada, Ikuo Nasu, Hirohisa Arakawa, Koh Shibutani
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2015)

Osteoclasts are bone-specific multinucleated cells generated by the differentiation of monocyte/macrophage lineage precursors. Regulation of osteoclast differentiation is considered an effective therapeutic approach to the treatment of bone-lytic diseases. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by extensive bone resorption. In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) on osteoclastogenesis induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis, an important colonizer of the oral cavity that has been implicated in periodontitis. NaF strongly inhibited the P. gingivalis-induced alveolar bone loss. That effect was accompanied by decreased levels of cathepsin K, interleukin (IL)-1β, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, which were up-regulated during P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistent with the in vivo anti-osteoclastogenic effect, NaF inhibited osteoclast formation caused by the differentiation factor RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF). The RANKL-stimulated induction of the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1 was also abrogated by NaF. Taken together, our data demonstrate that NaF inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by reducing the induction of NFATc1, ultimately leading to the suppressed expression of cathepsin K and MMP9. The in vivo effect of NaF on the inhibition of P. gingivalis-induced osteoclastogenesis strengthens the potential usefulness of NaF for treating periodontal diseases. Fluoride should be evaluated as a potential treatment for severe gum disease Japanese and Korean researchers say. Sodium fluoride has been shown to increase bone mass and has been investigated as a treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis in adults. In the current study a team led by Ujjal Bahwal from the Nihon University School of Dentistry, Matsudo, Japan, used bone marrow cells from rats to assess the effects of sodium fluoride on bone loss induced by Porphyromonas.gingivalis, a bacterial species associated with gum disease. They discovered that sodium fluoride suppressed the growth of the bacteria. It also prevented bone loss by inhibiting bacterial effects on bone resorption. Fluoride application may help maintain a healthy oral microbial balance and is a promising approach to peridontitis management the researchers concluded.
Case 45-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Paul M. Hassoun, John H. Eichhorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 48-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of the adult respiratory distress syndrome and left flank pain.She was well until eight months earlier, when she was admitted to another hospital because of chest pain that was accompanied by a severe headache, and a diagnosis of a myocardial infarct was made on the basis of serum enzyme changes. During the next few months she was readmitted to the same hospital on three occasions because of chest pain, at least once accompanied by severe headache, and on the latest occasion, two months before entry, she was . . .