tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-179 Prolonged reflux monitoring may change the diagnosis of oesophageal hypersensitivity to pathological gastroesophageal reflux
Authors: R-I Rusu, J Jafari, I Miah, T Wong
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Esophageal hypersensitivity is diagnosed in 5–12% of patients referred for reflux monitoring. These patients do not have pathological gastroesophageal reflux (GOR) which is mainly monitored for 24–48 h but perceive their symptoms with normal degree of GOR. As a result of such diagnosis clinicians tend to shift the focus of treatment from antireflux therapy to pain modulation agents. Our aim was to investigate change of diagnosis from oesophageal hypersensitivity to true GOR when more prolonged reflux monitoring is applied. <h3>Method</h3> All patients with heartburn and/or chest pain referred for prolonged wireless reflux monitoring in the period of January 2010 to February 2015 were selected for this retrospective study. Those with a positive reflux-symptom association for the above symptoms during the first 48 h of recording were included. The cut off for positive symptom association probability (SAP) was ≥95% and a positive symptom index (SI) was ≥50%. The total duration of reflux monitoring was 96 h. Presence of pathological GOR on the 3<sup>rd</sup>and/or 4<sup>th</sup>24 h of recording was considered as positive GORD. Change of diagnosis from oesophageal hypersensitivity to true reflux was identified. <h3>Results</h3> 183 patients with normal wireless pH monitoring at 48 hr completed a full 4 days study. During the 1st 48 h, 40 patients had positive SAP and/or SI for <b>heartburn</b>[13 males (M) and 27 females (F)]. Of these, 12 (30%) showed pathological GOR on extended monitoring (M: F- 3:9). The prevalence of pathological GOR on extended monitoring was: 11/38 (28.9%) patients with SAP + (regardless of SI), 4/13 (30.7%) with SI + (regardless of SAP), 8/27 (29.6%) with SAP + and SI –, 3/11 (27.3%) of those with both SAP and SI +. Only 2 patients were SAP –, SI + and only one had reflux. During the first 48 h, a total of 27 patients (M: F = 8: 19) with <b>chest pain</b>, had positive SAP and/or SI. Of these, 5 (18.5%) showed pathological reflux (M: F 1:4) during extended reflux monitoring. The prevalence of pathological GOR on extended monitoring was: 5/24 (20.8%) SAP + patients (regardless of SI), 4/10 (40%) with SI+ (regardless of SAP), 1/17 (5.9%) with SAP + and SI –, 4/7 (57.1%) with both SAP and SI +. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that for the patients diagnosed with oesophageal hypersensitivity based on their chest pain or heartburn, this diagnosis can change in nearly 20 to 30% of the cases (respectively) to pathological GOR if prolonged reflux monitoring is applied. Diagnosis of oesophageal hypersensitivity might be partially technology or methodology dependent and modification of reflux monitoring methods can influence detection of GORD and oesophageal hypersensitivity. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Salvage immunotherapy using donor leukocyte infusions as treatment for relapsed chronic myelogenous leukemia after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: efficacy and toxicity of a defined T-cell dose
Authors: WR Drobyski, CA Keever, MS Roth, S Koethe, G Hanson, P McFadden, JL Gottschall, RC Ash, P van Tuinen, MM Horowitz
Journal: Blood (1993)
SOY BEAN MILK IN INFANT NUTRITION
Authors: A Murce
Journal: JAMA (1935)

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Reply
Authors: Juan Caballeria
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. I would like to thank Townsend et al. for their comments. I agree with them that it should be more appropriate, according to the results of Park et al.,1 to conclude that the efficacy of pentoxifylline was noninferior, instead of lower than those of corticosteroids. I also agree that the noninferiority studies are difficult and the cutoff to evaluate significant differences is, in some way, arbitrary. The 15% limit established by Park et al. was perhaps too conservative, although it seems reasonable according to the results of the meta‐analysis of Mathurin et al.2 Pentoxifylline is still considered the second therapeutic option in treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis. However, the efficacy of pentoxifylline in this clinical situation has not been confirmed in different scenarios, as summarized in a recent systematic review3 and in an editorial.4 The final results of the STOPAH trial were presented in the past meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases.5 This study, designed to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of both prednisolone and pentoxifylline, was performed in 1,053 patients and was unable to demonstrate an effect in disease progression or survival. Thus, Thursz et al. conclude that pentoxifylline should no longer be used for treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis. This study reinforces the conclusion of my comment that we are still far from the ideal treatment of severe alcoholic hepatitis, and that it is urgent to identify new targets for more specific and effective therapies.
Quinidine-Digoxin Interaction
Authors: J R Powell, P E Fenster, W D Hager, P Graves, M Wandell, K Conrad
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Abstract Administration of quinidine with digoxin increased serum digoxin concentrations in 79 patients and five volunteers. In 38 patients on a constant glycoside maintenance dose, the addition of quinidine to digoxin therapy resulted in a mean 2.5-fold increase (from 0.98±0.37 to 2.47±0.71 ng per milliliter, mean ±1 S.D.) (P<0.001). The addition of quinidine decreased renal glycoside clearance (from 91.6±27.8 to 40.6±15.8 ml per minute) (P<0.001). Unlike other investigations, our studies provided no evidence that quinidine displaced digoxin at specific cardiac binding sites. The elevated digoxin levels found during quinidine administration suggest a 30 to 50 per cent reduction of the digoxin dose. Adverse reactions to combined quinidine — digoxin therapy may be partly due to digitalis intoxication. (N Engl J Med 301:400–404, 1979)
EEG sleep in depressed adolescents
Authors: H W Lahmeyer, E O Poznanski, S N Bellur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Sleep disturbances, including disturbances in REM sleep, are common among depressed adults; it is unclear if the same is true for depressed adolescents. The authors monitored the sleep of 13 depressed adolescents and 13 normal age-matched controls. They found that, as with depressed adults, REM latency was significantly shorter and REM density significantly greater in the depressed group. There was no correlation between reduced REM latency and severity of depression, but there was a significant negative correlation between REM latency and age.
UK dementia care “lottery” is unsustainable, conference hears
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The United Kingdom cannot keep relying on unpaid carers to support people with dementia because the burden and the care “lottery” will prove unsustainable, a conference has heard.

Adelina Comas-Herrera, assistant professorial research fellow at the London School of Economics and Political Science, said that the estimated cost of dementia was some £26.2bn (€34bn; $37.1bn) in the UK in 2014. This included £4.3bn in NHS costs and £4.5bn in local authority funded social care; the rest came from social care funded by patients and families themselves (£5.8bn) and the costs of unpaid carers (£11.6bn).

“Individuals with dementia and their families are currently funding two thirds of the resources used in dementia care,” Comas-Herrera said. …
Reply: Apneic Oxygenation Has Not Been Disproven
Authors: Matthew W. Semler, David R. Janz, Todd W. Rice
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

measures, in well-defined anatomical regions, the total amount of gas entering in previously nonaerated and poorly aerated regions.Therefore, this method roughly measures the same entity of the lung mechanics-based methods.In conclusion, if the target is the measurement of the amount of pulmonary units, which likely undergo opening and closing at PEEP below 15 cm H 2 O, the only method available is the computed tomography scan at threshold 2100 HU (2200 HU could be tolerated).In contrast, if the target is the measurement of the total improvement of aeration, resulting from gas entering in the previously nonaerated regions and in the already aerated regions, the Rouby's method and lung mechanics-based methods are indicated.Therefore, the problem is not whether one method is better than the other but rather what we want to measure.
Precocious Puberty
Authors: Jean-Claude Carel, Juliane Léger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The parents of a 6-year-old girl bring her to a pediatrician because of breast development. Her medical history is unremarkable. The parents are of average height, and the mother reports first menstruating when she was 11 years old. On physical examination, the girl is 125 cm tall (in the 97th percentile for her age), weighs 28 kg, and has a body-mass index of 17.9 (90th percentile for her age). Her breast development is classified as Tanner stage 3, and she has Tanner stage 2 pubic hair. Review of her previous growth data indicates that she has grown 8 cm during the past year. How should her condition be evaluated and managed?
Antibodies to CD40 prevent Epstein-Barr virus-mediated human B-cell lymphomagenesis in severe combined immune deficient mice given human peripheral blood lymphocytes
Authors: WJ Murphy, S Funakoshi, M Beckwith, SE Rushing, DK Conley, RJ Armitage, WC Fanslow, HC Rager, DD Taub, FW Ruscetti
Journal: Blood (1995)
FRI0042 Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in Unaffected First-Degree Relatives of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Lack of Correlation with Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Protein Antibodies and Rheumatoid Factor
Authors: I.S. Bartosiewicz, C. Alessandri, M. Pendolino, R. Mancini, T. Colasanti, A. Pecani, A. Mastrangelo, D. Sabatinelli, V. Riccieri, F. Conti, M. Di Franco, G. Valesini, F. Morello
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the prevalence of anti-carbamylated protein antibodies (anti-CarP) in the Healthy first-degree relatives (HFDRs) of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). <h3>Methods</h3> We enrolled 141 HFDRs of 63 patients with RA diagnosed accordingly to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. Fifty-six normal healthy subjects (NHS), sex and age matched, served as controls. Anti-CarP IgG, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) IgG and rheumatoid factors (RF) isotypes (IgG, IgA, IgM) were assessed by solid-phase ELISA. <h3>Results</h3> Anti-CarP were detectable in 13 HFDRs (9.2%), anti-CCP in 9 (6.3%), IgG-RF in 10 (7%), IgA-RF in 17 (12%), and IgM-RF in 13 (9.2%) HFDRs. Twenty-nine (46%) RA patients were positive for anti-CarP, 31 (49.2%) for anti-CCP, and 34 (53.9%) for RF. One NHS (1.7%) resulted positive for anti-CarP, none for anti-CCP and RF. Anti-CarP showed a significantly higher prevalence in HFDRs than in NHS (p&lt;0.0001). A significant correlation between anti-CCP and RF were found among RA patients (p=0.0002), whereas no correlations were reported between autoantibodies tested in the HFDRs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-CarP can be found in the sera of HFDRs of RA patients and their prevalence is significantly higher than in NHS. No correlation of anti-CarP with anti-CCP and RF antibodies in RA HFDRs was found. <h3>References</h3> Van Veelen PA, et al.: Autoantibodies recognizing carbamylated proteins are present in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and predict joint damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S 2011; 42: 17372-7. Shi J et al.: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies are present in arthralgia patients and predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Arth Rheum 2013; 4: 911-5. Shi J et al.: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies are present in arthralgia patients and predict the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Arth Rheum 2013; 4: 911-5. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work has been supported by Fondazione Umberto Di Mario ONLUS. We thank Giuliana Giuliani and Stefania Mieli for their technical support <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Continuous Infusion of Cilengitide with Radio-Chemotherapy in Stage III Nsclc: a Phase I Study
Authors: E.L. Cohen-Jonathan Moyal, C. Massabeau, T. Filleron, A. Modesto, J. Bachaud, I. Rouquette, L. Dierickx, R. Aziza, L. Bigay-Gamé, G. Plat, M. Mounier, C.A. Gomez-Roca, J. Delord, J. Mazieres
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Abstract 411: High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Loses Endothelial-protective Effects in Patients with Stable Coronary Disease and Acute Coronary Syndrome: Implications for HDL-targeted Therapies
Authors: Christian Besler, Keiko Yonekawa, Carola Doerries, Erik W Holy, Yi Shi, Costantina Manes, Roberto Corti, Willibald Maier, Christophe Wyss, Jasmina Alibegovic, Nils Kucher, Felix C Tanner, Arnold von Eckardstein, Thomas F Luscher, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Mammary-Cancer-Inducing and Inhibitory Inherited Hormonal Patterns in Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: John J. Bittner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

By mating females of the cancerous A stock, which have a low incidence of mammary cancer as virgins, with males of the CBA, C (BALB/c), and lS strains, it was then determined that these 3 strains transmitted the mammary-cancer-inducing inherited hormonal pattern. This hormonal mechanism will produce a high incidence of mammary cancer in susceptible females that are maintained as virgins when they possess the mammary-tumor agent (MTA). Mice of the JK and lS strains were found to be resistant to the development of mammary cancer. This conclusion was reached after observing females, which acquired the MTA by nursing females of cancerous stocks, and breeding them. Members of the JK stock, although they develop postcastrational adrenocortical hyperplasia, possess an inherited hormonal pattern that presumably either inhibits or delays the development of mammary tumors even in susceptible females with the MTA kept as breeders. Observations of certain crosses could not be explained on any physiological or genetic basis, unless there may be synergistic action between certain of the hormonal patterns acting to influence the genesis of mammary cancer in both breeders and nonbreeders.
Surveillance of influenza-like illness in England and Wales during 1966-2006
Authors: A J Elliot, D M Fleming
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

We report surveillance data collected since 1966 from a general practice database in England and Wales. Incidence rates of influenza-like illness (ILI) peaked during the winter of 1969/70, and were then followed by a decade of heightened activity. There has since been a gradual downward trend of ILI, interspersed with winters of heightened activity; since 1999/2000, the incidence of ILI has been at its lowest for 40 years. We argue that the decade following the herald waves of the pandemic could be equally important for the planning of healthcare services in the community.
Anxiety and depression associated with caffeinism among psychiatric inpatients
Authors: J F Greden, P Fontaine, M Lubetsky, K Chamberlin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Among 83 hospitalized adult psychiatric patients, 22% reported being high caffeine consumers (750 mg or more per day); these patients scored significantly greater on the State-Trait Anxiety Index and the Beck Depression Scale than moderate and low consumers. High consumers described significantly more clinical symptoms, felt that their physical health was not as good, and reported greater use of sedative-hypnotics and minor tranquilizers. Since caffeine modifies catecholamine levels, inhibits phosphodiesterase breakdown of cyclic AMP, and sensitizes receptor sites, association of caffeinism with both anxiety and depressive symptoms is possible.
Women in Metabolism: Part 3
Authors: Frances Ashcroft, Erika Pearce, Linda Partridge, Anu Suomalainen, Anne Brunet, Almut Schulze, Yu-Hua Tseng, Jaswinder K Sethi, Karen Reue, Bronwyn Kingwell, Elizabeth McNally, Miriam Cnop, Andrea L Hevener, Sabrina Diano
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
OP0281 Rheumatologists Consider Patient Preferences and Costs when Choosing Treatments for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Patients. A Cross-European Discrete Choice Experiment
Authors: M. Hifinger, M. Hiligsmann, S. Ramiro, H. Severens, B.J. Fautrel, V. Watson, T. Uhlig, R. van Vollenhoven, P. Jacques, J. Detert, C. Scirè, J. Canas da Silva, F. Berghea, L. Carmona, M. Péntek, A. Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Sex chromosomes have evolved repeatedly across the tree of life. As they are present in different copy numbers in males and females, they are expected to experience different selection pressures than the autosomes, with consequences including a faster rate of evolution, increased accumulation of sexually antagonistic alleles, and the evolution of dosage compensation. Whether these consequences are general or linked to idiosyncrasies of specific taxa is not clear as relatively few taxa have been studied thus far. Here we use whole-genome sequencing to identify and characterize the evolution of the X chromosome in five species of <i>Timema</i> stick insects with XX:X0 sex determination. The X chromosome had a similar size (approximately 11% of the genome) and gene content across all five species, suggesting that the X chromosome originated prior to the diversification of the genus. Genes on the X showed evidence of a faster evolutionary rate than genes on the autosomes, likely due to less effective purifying selection. Genes on the X also showed almost complete dosage compensation in somatic tissues (heads and legs), but dosage compensation was absent in the reproductive tracts. Contrary to prediction, sex-biased genes showed little enrichment on the X, suggesting that the advantage X-linkage provides to the accumulation of sexually antagonistic alleles is weak. Overall, we found the consequences of X-linkage on gene sequences and expression to be similar across <i>Timema</i> species, showing the characteristics of the X chromosome are surprisingly consistent over 30 million years of evolution.
Serum interferon in patients with psychosis
Authors: O T Preble, E F Torrey
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

High titers of interferon were found in serum from 20 (24.4%) of 82 patients with psychosis and from only two (3.1%) of 64 control subjects. Interferon-positive patients were more likely than interferon-negative patients to have had a recent onset or exacerbation of their illness and to be on low-dose or no medication. No interferon was detected in the CSF of 65 patients or 20 control subjects. These findings suggest that there may be immunological abnormalities or viral infections in some patients with psychosis.
Familial aspects of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Authors: F Hajal, A M Leach
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors present two cases in which Gilles de la Tourette syndrome was present in at least two family members: the first case is a mother and her son and the second an uncle and his nephew. the increasing severity of the syndrome from one generation to the next and some similar clinical features in the two cases are noted. The authors also speculate that the incidence of family cases of Tourette syndrome may be underestimated because of the painstaking efforts required to obtain this kind of history.
SAT0549 Methotrexate Versus Mycophenolate Mofetil in Neurosarcoidosis: A Retrospective Trial
Authors: S. Bitoun, F. Cohen Aubart, J. Haroche, A. Mathian, M. Hie, T.H.D. Boutin, L. Arnaud, D. Bouvry, R. Borie, K. Sacre, M. Mahevas, P. Hausfater, Z. Amoura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Sarcoidosis is a multi-systemic granulomatous disease of unknown cause in which neurological involvement is rare. Corticosteroids remain first line treatment even though immunosuppressive therapy is increasingly prescribed as steroid-sparing agent. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare efficiency and safety of methotrexate versus mycophenolate mofetil use to treat neurological involvement of sarcoidosis. <h3>Methods</h3> A multicentric retrospective study was performed between 2010 and 2014. Inclusion criteria were: Histologically proven sarcoidosis after exclusion of differential diagnosis, central or peripheral neurologic involvement and prescription of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or methotrexate (MTX) for at least one month. Steroid tapering was achieved by local physician habits. The main outcome was the time to relapse. Relapse was defined as the necessity to increase steroids by at least 20 mg per day. Secondary outcomes were safety and switch to second line immunosuppressive therapy. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-six patients were included, 14 in the MMF group and 32 in the MTX group. There were 29 males and 17 women. Median age at diagnosis was 38.5 years old range (11-76). Topography of neurological involvements was the brain (27 patients), the cranial nerves (21 patients), the meninges (18 patients), the spinal cord (9 patients), the radiculae (4 patients), the peripheral nerves (4 patients) and the muscle (3 patients). Median follow-up was 84 months. Seventy nine percent of patients relapsed in the MMF group versus 46% in the MTX group. The time to relapse was 11 months in the MMF group vs 28 months in the MTX group. In the survival analysis time to relapse in the MMF group was significantly lower than in the MTX group (p=0.0491). Among relapsing patients 7 (70%) in the MMF group and 13 (87%) in the MTX group required second in immunosuppressive therapy. There was less minor infectious side effects in MMF group 0% than in the MTX 19% group p=0.02. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Methotrexate therapy seems to be more efficient in preventing relapse in neurosarcoidosis than mycophenolate mofetil. Safety was good in both groups but with less minor infections in the MMF group. Theses results need to be confirmed in a randomized controlled trial. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared