tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3585: Taqman genotyping assays can be used on decalcified and paraffin embedded tissue from patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Melanie M. Hagleitner, Marieke J.H. Coenen, Judith W.M. Jeuken, Uta Flucke, Bart H.W. Schreuder, Maroeska D.W.M. te Loo, Peter M. Hoogerbrugge
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Insight in genetic variants predicting treatment outcome and/or side effects related to cancer medication will contribute to optimize treatment for the individual patients. However, most clinical trials performed so far in cancer treatment did not routinely collect and store patient germ line DNA. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (FFPE) from archived clinical samples could provide a source of germ line DNA for genetic research. Specially, in cancers like osteosarcoma with a 5-year overall survival of approximately 50-60%, archived histological specimens are often the only accessible source of biological material. This material, however, generally has been decalcified and paraffin-embedded for many years. DNA from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues, specially, in decalcified FFPE tissues has a higher frequency of non-reproducible sequence alterations compared with germ line DNA. In our study, we investigated whether DNA obtained from these tissues can be used for reliable single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping. Therefore, we analyzed whether the genotypes obtained from DNA of these preserved tissues, were similar as those found in freshly DNA isolated from peripheral blood cells from the same patients. We studied two SNPs in the drug transporter MDR1 (ABCB1) using Taqman® SNP genotyping assays. Genotypes of the germ line DNA derived from freshly isolated DNA of 20 surviving patients with osteosarcoma were compared with genotypes obtained from archived material from decalcified FFPE blocks of the same patients. Decalcified FFPE-derived DNA yielded smaller PCR fragments compared to DNA extracted from peripheral blood cells, with a maximum reliable size of ∼300bp. We were able to evaluate each SNP in 19 of the 20 cases included in this study. All successfully genotyped samples showed 100%-concordance between genotypes obtained from DNA of FFPE tissue and the genotypes obtained from DNA of blood. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that decalcified FFPE tissue can be used for genetic polymorphism analysis using Taqman® allelic discrimination assays. This forms an unique opportunity to combine new insights in genetic research with historical patient cohorts, for instance of patients with osteosarcoma. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3585.
Depression of Growth in Hyperactive Children on Stimulant Drugs
Authors: Daniel Safer, Richard Allen, Evelyn Barr
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

In 29 hyperactive children, dextroamphetamine (10 or 15 mg per day) and methylphenidate (30 or 40 mg per day) caused suppression of weight gain. Mean yearly weight gain of nine children on medication for two years was 1.8 kg as compared to the expected gain of 3.1 kg. Depression of growth in height varied in degree; however, children whose growth was depressed also had proportional depression of growth in height. Thirteen children who took stimulant drugs for nine or more months showed a rebound weight gain when medication was abruptly stopped. Dextroamphetamine inhibition of weight gain was not related to dose and was significantly greater than that observed with methylphenidate. Daily doses of 20 mg of methylphenidate did not inhibit weight gain.
Inadequacy of the Medical History in the Diagnosis of Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: James P. Dunn, Lewis E. Etter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

SINCE 1910, when Moynihan1 clearly described the clinical features of duodenal ulcer, there has been general agreement that the history is all important in diagnosis. Indeed, in the presence of a history of periodic epigastric pain occurring in the early hours of the morning and relieved by milk or food, the clinical diagnosis of duodenal ulcer is frequently confirmed by radiologic or surgical examination. It is equally important, however, to know how frequently the medical history will fail to reveal the presence of duodenal ulcer. It is the purpose of this paper to show that a third or more of . . .
Mediterranean Anemia (Hereditary Leptocytosis) in a Chinese Family
Authors: Jay H. Silverberg, Donald Shotton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

HEREDITARY leptocytosis (Mediterranean anemia) is a disease seldom described in the Chinese race. Most of the cases reported in this group have been of the severe form of the disease, that is, Cooley's anemia.1 2 3 4 5 That milder forms of this condition exist is now well established, but unanimity of terminology concerning these cases is lacking. It is our purpose to report studies on a Chinese family, of which several members exhibited the typical hematologic findings of one of the mild forms of Mediterranean anemia, namely, hypochromic erythrocytosis.Present StudyDuring the course of a diagnostic survey a young Chinese man was . . .
AB0875 Complex Assessment of Elderly Patients with Uncomplicated Mechanical Low Back Pain
Authors: R.M. Traistaru, R. Popescu, D. Matei, D. Kamal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The prevalence of uncomplicated mechanical low back pain (LBP) in the elderly people is estimated to be more than 75%. This entity generates disability and quality of life disturbances. So, any elderly patient with a first accuse of low back requires complex evaluation. <h3>Objectives</h3> We completely assessed the uncomplicated mechanical LBP elderly patients and evaluated the correlation between ultrasound thickness difference in three different trunk postures and functional parameters. <h3>Methods</h3> 48 elderly patients with LBP were enrolled in our observational study. Frontal (AP) and lateral lumbosacral regions were radiological evaluated. Clinical and functional parameters were collected by a physiotherapist and an ultrasound (US) examination was performed by a physiatrist within 72 hours of the clinical examination. We measured the thickness of the erector spinal muscles at L4 and L5 level in maximum flexion, neutral posture, and maximum extension. <h3>Results</h3> Multivariate analysis showed that thickness differences between flexed and neutral, and flexed and extended maximally positions were correlated statistically with functional parameters (The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire score). <h3>Conclusions</h3> LBP is more likely to arise in correlation with the erector vertebral muscle status. Visual observation of the image during contraction indicates that US may be a valuable biofeedback tool. The relationship between musculoskeletal status and back pain represents an important factor for the therapeutic measures. Change of lifestyle, and rehabilitation program to alleviate pain and stiffness are measures that might improve quality of life. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1531
POTENCY OF SECRETING HCG- IN GERMINOMAS. CLINICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: M. Matsutani, H. Takami, K. Fukuoka, K. Mishima, R. Nishikawa, K. Icimura
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: It has long been discussed whether HCG secreting germinomas are more malignant than pure germinomas. The Japanese study group insists of no difference in survival between two kinds of germinomas, whereas the European and American study groups put HCG germinomas into the high risk group. In order to solve the question, we analyzed the treatment results, the titer of a small amount of HCG-β in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and the expression of HCGβ mRNA in germinoma cells. METHODS: (1) We selected 80 germinoma patients with or without HCG secretion for PFS analysis who were treated by proper radiation volume for their tumors developing in/around the third ventricle in the Japanese prospective study. (2) The initial serum and CSF samples were measured for HCG-β with the ultrasensitive technique to detect picogram levels of HCG-β in 36 histologically confirmed germinomas. (3) The expression of HCGβ mRNA was analyzed by qPCR in 76 germ cell tumors. RESULTS: (1) There was no significant difference in 15 year PFS between pure germinomas (93.1%, n = 61) and HCG-germinomas (80.7%, n = 19) in the Japanese prospective study. (2) In 36 germinomas examined, the HCG-β was detectable in both serum and CSF. The serum levels were 3.1–5851 pg/mL (median 44.8), and the CSF levels were 13–13116.3 pg/mL (median 119.5). (3) Most of the germ cell tumors expressed HCG-β mRNA in higher degrees compared with the normal brain tissue (comparative ratio to brain: 0.46 - 7.6 × 107). The expression of HCG-β mRNA in germinomas was highly variable, ranging from 72.6 - 2.1 × 105 to below the brain (0.46 - 1.4 × 103), and the differences of the expression among cases were linear, and not bimodal, suggesting no clear cut-off titer. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that all germinomas can produce HCG-β and fall into the same category in terms of HCG-β productivity. Based on this theory, all germinoma patients should be treated with the same protocol. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Pediatrics.
OP0245-PARE Easier Access to Rheumatologist and Early Diagnose
Authors: B.H. Boteva, S. Bozhinova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> It is well known that diagnose of most of the rheumatic diseases sometimes take several months or couple of years and more. Reasons for that could be quite different – lack of rheumatologist in the town and/or in the district; symptoms of the people with back pain, joints pain, etc. are considered as a problem with neurology or orthopedic origin. <h3>Objectives</h3> Easier access to rheumatologist and early diagnosis of people who develop symptoms like joint pain and stiffness,back pain,fatigue.Education of JPs about syptoms of RA and AS and how to recognise them. <h3>Methods</h3> These reasons for late diagnosis raised discussion between the patients9 society and rheumatologists in order to find a way to reduce the time for diagnosing. Bulgarian organization of patients with rheumatic diseases (BOPRD) developed a project in order to facilitate the access to a rheumatologist. For that project a comparatively small district was chosen as a pilot district. It was district of Lovech. There is just one rheumatologist that was considered as a good and easy way to fallow and assess the results. For the purpose of the project were developed special cards with 5 questions related to RA and it9s symptoms and 5 questions related to AS and it9s symptoms. These cards were given to the JPs.They had to ask the patients with back and joint pain and stiffness these questions.If they give positive answer to 3 of them it is enough to be send to a rheumatolgist An educational seminar for the JPs from the Lovech district was organized where they were informed about the project and were given instructions how to manage it.Representatives of BOPD attended the seminar and talked about the project and it9s objectives. <h3>Results</h3> As a result 34 patients who had developed symptoms like back pain, joint pain and stiffness visited a rheumatologist and x-ray and blood tests were conducted.3 patients were diagnosed with RA;1 patient was diagnosed with AS;3 patients were diagnosed with gout;20 patients were diagnosed with polyarthrosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The pilot phase of the project was really successful. In 2014 we intend to develop it in other districts of Bulgaria. As a result of the project 34 patients had easier access to specialist and were diagnosed earlier <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Snezhana Bozhinova;Bozhidar Ivkov;d-r Nikolai Nikolov <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4723
Surgery of Atrial Myxoma
Authors: George D. Zuidema, John F. Burke, Allejandro H. Villegas, J. Gordon Scannell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

CARDIAC tumors have long been of interest and have been the subject of extensive review articles.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Most of these tumors are secondary, however, and the cardiac problem is superimposed on primary cancer elsewhere, often with widespread metastases.Primary tumors of the heart are more challenging from the standpoint of both diagnosis and management. It is important to differentiate intracavitary tumors from valvular heart lesions such as mitral stenosis. In many cases this distinction will be difficult and the true diagnosis will continue to be made only at operation. A constant awareness of the various ways by which primary cardiac tumors . . .
Immunologic Phenotype in 30 Patients with Diffuse Large-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Roger Warnke, Richard Miller, Thomas Grogan, Marilyn Pederson, Jeanette Dilley, Ronald Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Frozen sections of 30 diffuse large-cell ("histiocytic") lymphomas that had arisen in both nodal and extranodal sites were stained with immunoglobulin light-chain and heavy-chain reagents, with monoclonal antibodies to T and B-cell antigens, and with an esterase marker for macrophages. Fourteen lymphomas expressed immunoglobulin light chains and were shown to be monoclonal; F(ab')2 fragments were sometimes necessary to demonstrate their monoclonal nature. Mu (IgM) was the most frequently expressed heavy chain, but in many patients other heavy chains were found. None of the lymphomas stained with T-cell antibodies or the esterase; 15 did not stain for immunoglobulin, but 13 of these 15 did express la antigen. These immunologic markers identified eight different phenotypes. Retrospective clinical analysis of the patients suggested that those who were immunoglobulin-positive had more advanced disease and shorter survival, but confirmation of the clinical relevance of immunologic phenotype will require prospective studies. (N Engl J Med. 1980; 303:293–300.)
OP0176 Improved Survival in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A General Population-Based Study
Authors: L. Lu, H.K. Choi, S.R. Schoenfeld, C. Peloquin, M. Dubreuil, S.K. Rai, A. Avina-Zubieta, Y. Zhang
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased risk of mortality;[1] however, recent mortality trends in RA are largely unknown, particularly in the general population. <h3>Objectives</h3> To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated mortality trends among RA patients between Jan 1, 1999 and Dec 31, 2012 in a general population context. <h3>Methods</h3> Using The Health Improvement Network, an electronic medical record database representative of the UK general population, we identified individuals with incident cases of RA and up to 5 non-RA controls matched on sex, age, year of birth, and year of RA diagnosis, between 1999 and 2012 (i.e., ≥1 year before the end of our dataset to allow for follow-up). The RA cohort was then divided in two cohorts based on the year of RA diagnosis (i.e., 1999-2005 and 2006-2012) to evaluate changes in mortality. We calculated hazard ratios for death using a Cox-proportional hazards model and the rate differences using an additive hazard model, while additionally adjusting for potential confounders (i.e., number of GP visits, body mass index, smoking, alcohol and Charlson Comorbidity Index). <h3>Results</h3> The early cohort (1999-2005) RA patients had considerably higher mortality rates than the late cohort (2006-2012) (i.e., 23.8 vs. 15.7 cases per 1000 person-years), as compared with only a moderate improvement in the comparison cohorts between the two periods (14.1 to 11.1 cases per 1000 person-years). The corresponding absolute mortality rate differences were 9.7 (95% CI, 7.2-12.2) cases and 4.7 (95% CI, 2.9-6.4) cases per 1000 person-years (p for interaction &lt;0.01) and the resulting HRs for mortality were 1.51 (95% CI, 1.33-1.72) and 1.21 (95% CI, 1.05-1.39), respectively (p for interaction=0.027). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This general population-based study shows that survival of RA patients has improved over the past decade, suggesting that new treatments and improved management of complications and associated comorbidities may be providing substantial benefits. <h3>References</h3> Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2014 Jan;73(1):149-153. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTU-229 The effect of frame rate and view mode on lesion detectability by novice and expert capsule endoscopists during reading
Authors: M Nakamura, A Murino, A Fitzpatrick, Y Komeda, R La Nauze, S Green, C Fraser
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The RAPID 7 Access reading software (Given Imaging Ltd) allows the capsule endoscopist to adjust the frame rate of presented images (adjustable frame rate, AFR) and their view mode (VM1 - single view; VM2 - dual view; VM4 - quad view) during capsule endoscopy (CE) reading. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between AFR, VM, lesion miss rate and reading time between non-expert (NEXs) and expert (EXs) capsule endoscopists. <h3>Methods</h3> One short video clip containing 60 positive images of angioectasias was selected from our CE database. The clip was read by 3 EXs and 3 NEXs using nine different combinations of VM and AFR (1, 2 and 4 VMs × 10, 15 and 25 fps) presented in randomised order. Readers were asked to count each positive image of an angioectasia using a manual counter, without interrupting the video clip. <h3>Results</h3> The reading times at 10, 15 and 25 fps were 54, 34 and 20 s, respectively for any VM. Considering 10 fps as the gold standard, an AFR of 15 and 25 fps resulted in a reduction in reading time of 37% and 63% respectively. The number of positive images detected using 10, 15 and 25 fps (all VM9s combined) were 45, 31 and 22 respectively. The mean number of detected positive images (MPI) using 10 fps was significantly higher than an AFR of 15 and 25 fps (p=0.04, 0.01). For VM1, VM2 and VM4, the MPI was 24, 36 and 38 respectively. The MPI using VM2 and VM4 was significantly higher than for VM1 (p=0.01, 0.003). VM4 × 10 fps had highest MPI (51) while VM1 × 25 fps had the lowest MPI (14). MPIs of NEX and EX (all VM9s combined) were 34 and 32 and were not significantly different. <h3>Conclusion</h3> While a higher AFR results in a reduction in reading time, lesion detectability is reduced and miss rates increase. Higher MPIs are associated with lower AFRs and an increase in VM. In this study the optimal combination for lesion detectability was VM4 × 10 fps. NEXs and EXs performed similarly for the detection of angioectasias. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
SAT0552 Fibroblast-Like Synovial Cells and Monocytes TEAM up in the Organization and the Dynamic Modeling of the Synovial Tissue
Authors: R. Byrne, K. von Dalwigk, G. Steiner, J. Holinka, R. Windhager, J.S. Smolen, H. Kiener, C. Scheinecker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The synovial lining tissue consists of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and monocyte-derived macrophage-like synoviocytes (MLS) within a self-built meshwork of dense extracellular matrix (ECM) components. FLS are thought to direct ECM synthesis, assembly and degradation. Whether this requires their cognitive interaction with MLS and whether FLS themselves or the ECM network serve as guiding structures for MLS migration is incompletely understood. <h3>Objectives</h3> This tempted us to study the dynamics of synovial tissue modeling under steady state and inflammatory conditions using a 3D synovial tissue in vitro model. <h3>Methods</h3> Human FLS were prepared from synovial tissues obtained as discarded specimens following joint arthroplasty. CD14<sup>+</sup> monocytes (Mo) were isolated from peripheral blood. FLS and Mo were labeled with fluorescent membrane dyes and cultured in spherical extracellular matrix micromasses with an average size of 1.5 mm for up to two weeks. Second harmonic generation (SHG) was used for the visualization of collagen fibers. For stimulation experiments, micromasses were cultured in medium containing 10 ng/ml of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Cell migration was monitored in individual micromasses by real-time confocal/multi-photon microscopy. <h3>Results</h3> The formation of a FLS network was observed within 3-7 days and coincided with the detection of collagen fibers that co-localized with FLS. The majority of Mo was found to be in close contact with the FLS network with low tendency for migration. A minor fraction of Mo displayed a directed cell movement with an impressive maximum speed of up to 15 mcm/min. Rapid Mo migration occurred in intimate contact with FLS but did not necessarily follow FLS network boundaries. In addition, we observed the formation of Mo cell clusters that co-localized with collagen fibers in the absence of FLS. The addition of TNF i) increased the frequency and size of Mo cell clusters and ii) prolonged the overall mobility of Mo. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The 3D synovial tissue culture system allows for monitoring and analyzing the dynamics of synovial lining modeling. Both, FLS and Mo appear to cooperate in the organization of the synovial lining tissue with subtle migration patterns of Mo in relation to the organized synovial lining architecture. Ongoing experiments address molecular mechanism(s) of Mo – FLS interaction in order to identify potential targets for future therapeutic intervention in arthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3514
A Comparison of Recombinant Urokinase with Vascular Surgery as Initial Treatment for Acute Arterial Occlusion of the Legs
Authors: Kenneth Ouriel, Frank J. Veith, Arthur A. Sasahara
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Recent controlled trials suggest that thrombolytic therapy may be an effective initial treatment for acute arterial occlusion of the legs. A major potential benefit of initial thrombolytic therapy is that limb ischemia can be managed with less invasive interventions.