tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The value of Min-probe sonography in predicting Complete Endoscopic Hemostasis to Severe UGI Hemorrhage
Authors: Feng Yanhu, Huang Xiaojun, Fan Hong, Wang Xiang, Liu Ziyan, Gao Fenhong
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and purpose: We have risk stratified ulcers based on visual cues, but actual rebleeding rates are based on below-surface pathology. This paper was to investigate the use of a Min-probe sonography (MPS) for evaluation of active or recently bleeding lesions.
ObituariesRosentyl GriffithsRobert Barrie NivenJohn Godfrey PeacockJames Norman SwainstonRobert George Whitelaw
Authors: Ralph A A R Lawrence, Tom Dunn, Elizabeth Butler, D G Swainston, R G Whitelaw
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Rose always said that she entered medicine because of the several cures her grandfather was reputed to have had for skin cancer.He provided his daughter with an interest in the art of curing, and she passed this on to her daughter.She started in practice in 1931 and was joined by her sister, Bryneilen, in 1933, but after the introduction of the NHS they decided to remain totally in private practice as they thought that they would be able to devote more time to their patients.Rose maintained a keen interest in medicopolitics, being past chairman of the Cardiff division of the BMA and of the Welsh council, and a representative at BMA annual meetings for 20 years.She was made a fellow of the BMA in 1979.Her diminutive figure belied an enormous amount of energy, evidenced by study tours to Russia, an air trip round the world, and attendance at seven BMA overseas meetings.Her sister died in 1991.
Abstract IA-17: The roles of prolyl hydroxylases in metabolism and cancer
Authors: Eyal Gottlieb
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Both succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and fumarate hydratase (FH) are Krebs cycle enzymes that convert succinate to fumarate and fumarate to malate, respectively. SDH is also a functional member (complex II) of the Electron Transport Chain. Surprisingly, although SDH and FH are ‘housekeeping genes’ with key bioenergetic roles, germline mutations in these genes cause cancer. We demonstrated that succinate, a Krebs cycle metabolite (an SDH substrate), functions as an intracellular messenger between mitochondria and the cytosol. Succinate, which accumulates in mitochondria due to the inactivation of SDH, leaks out to the cytosol, where it inhibits the enzymatic machinery of oxygen sensing, mediated by a family of α-ketoglutarate-dependent Prolyl Hydroxylase enzymes (PHD). PHD inhibition by succinate triggers the accumulation and activation of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) in the nucleus and the pseudohypoxic response that enhances tumour vascularisation and glycolysis. These and other independent studies collectively suggested that PHD inhibition and pseudohypoxia are important factors that link mitochondrial tumour suppressors and cancer. This observation received further support recently from the fact that PHD2 was genetically identified as a tumour suppressor. The inhibition of PHD by succinate is achieved by a product inhibition mechanism, given that PHD hydroxylates its targets while utilizing α-ketoglutarate as a substrate and producing succinate. We further characterized the nature of succinate-mediated inhibition of PHD and showed that this inhibition is competitive in nature. Therefore, the ratio, rather than the absolute concentrations, of α-ketoglutarate to succinate or fumarate in cells critically affect PHD activity and HIF activity. We designed and synthesised cell-permeating α-ketoglutarate esters that are hydrolyzed in the cytosol by esterases. These compounds support PHD activity thereby lowering HIF levels and activity in SDH deficient cells. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that α-ketoglutarate increased the affinity of PHD to oxygen and reactivate PHD in cells under hypoxia, resulting in destabilization of the HIFα proteins. It is likely that the binding of α-ketoglutarate by PHD ‘primes’ the enzyme for the binding of oxygen. Our study suggests that well-designed α-ketoglutarate derivatives may have therapeutic potential in the treatment of tumors with functional down-regulation of oxidative phosphorylation. Furthermore, the functional consequences of the observations that PHDs are sensors for oxygen and α-ketoglutarate will be discussed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):IA-17.
GE-25 * NEXT GENERATION COPY NUMBER ANALYSIS BY MOLECULAR INVERSION PROFILING - A HELPFUL TOOL IN DIAGNOSTICS AND PROGNOSTIFICATION OF TUMORS OF THE CNS
Authors: T. Pietsch, M. Gessi, A. z. Muehlen, E. Doerner, M. Mancini, A. Last, P. Sundar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Brain tumor entities are characterized by specific copy number alterations (CNA). Emerging technologies including SNP arrays, whole exome and whole genome sequencing are not suitable for degraded DNA derived from formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples. The aim of our study was to analyse the sensitivity and robustness of molecular inversion profiling (MIP) as a tool to identify CNA in brain tumor diagnostics and to compare this method to FISH and multiplex ligation probe analysis (MLPA). Genomic DNA was extracted from up to 20 years old FFPE materials and analyzed by MIP profiling (Oncoscan V2, Affymetrix) with more than 330,000 copy number probes. More than 1100 brain tumors covering most WHO entities were analysed. MIP revealed genome-wide copy number information from as little as 20 ng of degraded DNA; the drop-out rate was lower than 5%. In contrast to FISH and MLPA which enabled the analysis of only single or few genomic loci, MIP allowed a genome-wide analysis. It added significant information to the differential diagnosis as characteristic CNA were detected even with low input DNA, including BRAF duplications in pilocytic astrocytomas, chromosome 22 loss in ATRT, chromosome 10 loss and EGFR amplification in glioblastoma, 1p19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumors, and chromosome 2 gain, C19MC amplification in ependymoblastoma. Prognostic markers including MYCC and MYCN copy number status in medulloblastomas and chromosome 1q gain in ependymomas were easily detected and validated by orthogonal methods. MIP also detected copy-neutral LOH and tumor-associated point mutations. Our data indicate that MIP is a sensitive and robust method to assess CNA in archival FFPE tumor material.
PERFORACIONES EN ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVA: OPCIONES, CONDICIONANTES Y RESULTADOS DEL TRATAMIENTO ENDOSCÓPICO
Authors: M Herranz, N Alcaide, L Sancho del Val, P Gil Simón, P Díez Redondo, C De la Serna Higuera, J Barrio, R Atienza, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Material y Métodos: Identificamos 22 pacientes (V/M=12/10; edad x/R=70/51–89 años; ASA 1–2/3–4 n=13/9) con perforaciones por colonoscopia (COL=6426), gastroscopia (EGD=5271), CPRE (1360) y USEalta (549) durante 18 meses. Describimos incidencia, morbilidad y mortalidad. Analizamos factores predisponentes, causa, tamaño, localización, diagnóstico (inmediato/diferido=Intra/Post). Comparamos complicaciones y estancia en UCI/REA entre tratamiento endoscópico (Endo=prótesis metálica cubierta PMC, Clips+Lazo, cierre de Queens, Sobreclips OTSC) y quirúrgico. Valoramos los factores predictores opción terapéutica.
Small-intestinal bleeding due to metastatic renal cell cancer
Authors: C. Vazquez, J. Berrueta, F. De Simone, A. Tcheckmedyian, N. Gonzalez, J. Bernachin, A. Perrota, J. Curi, A. Mariño, C. Olano
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 68-year-old man who presented with obscure occult gastrointestinal bleeding was referred to our department to undergo capsule endoscopy. He had a history of clear-cell renal carcinoma (pT2NxM0EII), for which he had undergone a radical nephrectomy 1 year before. No adjuvant radiation or chemotherapy was administered. At 5 days before capsule endoscopy was due to be performed, he developed melena and required blood transfusion. Laboratory data revealed an iron deficiency anemia, with a hemoglobin level of 7.8 g/dL.
Intestinal Obstruction Following Abdominal Battle Wounds
Authors: Philip S. Foisie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

IN A previous paper,† the management of colostomies secondary to battle wounds of the abdomen has been discussed. Although most of these patients have done remarkably well during their definitive treatment at this general hospital, a few have shown complications that sometimes follow the damage caused by the passage of a ragged shell fragment through the abdomen. These cases should serve as a warning signal to the physicians under whose care such patients may later come.The necessity of operating on a few of these soldiers has made us conscious of the potential danger of intestinal obstruction. We have been . . .
AB1006 Knowledge about the presence of a specific nosological entity and quality of life in subjects with chronic joint pain
Authors: S. Lourenço, R. Lucas, H. Barros
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent chronic joint disease. In the absence of an effective medical treatment, the diagnosis of osteoarthritis raises especial concern once labelling has specific related effects on quality of life. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure the impact on quality of life of relating chronic pain symptoms with a specific musculoskeletal clinical diagnosis. <h3>Methods</h3> During the follow-up evaluation of a cohort of Portuguese adults (n=1682), 670 (39.8%) reported moderate to severe musculoskeletal pain in at least one anatomical site of interest (knee, hip and hand). After exclusion due to the missing data, 463 subjects were considered (mean age 59.8 (SD=12.80), 76.9% women). Musculoskeletal pain was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Clinically significant pain was defined as: 1) three or more pain episodes in the previous year or 2) one painful episode with duration over one week in the previous six months. Participants were also inquired about any medical diagnosis of osteoarthritis referred to the pain sites evaluated. Health-related quality of life was assessed by the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Participants were categorized by pain site and according to the presence of a known related musculoskeletal condition diagnosis. The mean scores of physical and mental dimensions of health-related quality of life and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals were obtained using ANOVA. The mean scores of physical and mental dimensions of SF-36 were adjusted for sex, education, and frequency of visits to the doctor in the previous year. <h3>Results</h3> From those reporting pain, 242 (52.3%) subjects had pain in one anatomical site, 152 (32.8%) in two and 69 (14.9%) in three. Participants complaining of knee and hip pain and having a correspondent known knee and hip osteoarthritis diagnosis significantly perceive a lower physical quality of life when compared to those without such diagnosis (adjusted mean scores =42.8 vs. 45.8 and 41.2 vs. 44.3, p&lt;0.05, respectively). However, there were no significant differences in the physical dimension of health-related quality of life between subjects when hand osteoarthritis was considered (44.4 vs. 45.2, p=0.484). Notwithstanding, the presence of an osteoarthritis diagnosis explaining the reported pain did not change the mental dimension of health-related quality of life, independently of the pain site considered. <h3>Conclusions</h3> An osteoarthritis diagnosis seems not to interfere with psychological well-being but may contribute to a worse physical quality of life perception. Actively case-finding strategies in the population aiming at defining an osteoarthritis diagnosis may be have doubtful usefulness in the way individuals cope with their symptoms, particularly pain. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
EUS-guided Ethanol Lavage and Paclitaxel Injection (EUS-EL&amp;PI) for Cystic Lesions of the Pancreas (CLP): Long-term Outcomes
Authors: Oh Hyoung-Chul, Seo Dong Wan, Lee Sang Soo, Lee Sung Koo, Kim Myung-Hwan
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background: EUS-guided intervention has been recently used for the treatment of CLP. Preliminary reports showed the safety and feasibility of EUS-guided intervention. Treatment responses varied among studies as previous studies involved small number of patients and short-term follow-up. The present study analyzed the treatment response of EUS-LI over longer period among a larger study population, and factors which may influence the treatment response.
PREDICTORS AND LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOME OF NEW ONSET DIABETES AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Kyeong-Hyeon Chun, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Dong-Ho Shin, Jung-Sun Kim, Young-Guk Ko, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Scientists Seek Clues to Breast Cancer Outcome
Authors: E. Blume
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Scientists Seek Clues to Breast Cancer Outcome Get access Elaine Blume Elaine Blume Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 3, 1 February 1989, Pages 180–181, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.3.180 Published: 01 February 1989
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Authors: A Elewaut, M De Vos, M Afschrift
Journal: Gut (1993)

stones or more than one stone.The paper fails to make any comment on symptom relief, however, and the surprising result of our lithotripsy trial' was that the symptoms were relieved, just as much as after cholecystectomy, within the first month of treatment, well before any stones had disappeared; and the pain relief for the whole year and the relief of many other symptoms did not depend on stone clearance: so we have to distinguish between success in terms of stone clearance and success in terms of symptom relief.Lithotripsy, for whatever reason seems a very cost effective way of doing the second, at least in the short term.We are at present following up our patients for longer periods to see if this symptom improvement is maintained.
AB0979 Ultrasonographic Effusion in Interphalangeal Joints of Left-Handed Healthy Subjects
Authors: K. Ben Abdelghani, R. Dhahri, L. Souabni, S. Kassab, A. Laatar, L. Zakraoui
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Left-handedness is less common than right-handedness. Studies suggest that approximately 10% of the world population is left-handed. <h3>Objectives</h3> The present study is designed to assess the correlation of handedness with, ultrasound changes, of the proximal interphalangeal joints (PIP). <h3>Methods</h3> Case control study of healthy asymptomatic left-handed volunteers (Group1) and age-matched control right-handed group (Group2). Ultrasonography (Esaote MyLab 60 machine and a 13-18 MHz linear array transducer) was performed on PIP by a rheumatologist with theoretical and practical training in musculoskeletal ultrasonography and blinded to the dominant side. For each patient, 10 joints were assessed (8 PIP and 2 IPs). In B mode, effusion was defined with the OMERACT criteria. <h3>Results</h3> Nine left-handed volunteers and 10 right-handed controls were included: 17 men and 2 women with no history of rheumatologic or traumatic disease. The average age of group 1 was 20 years and group 2 was 27.3 years. There was no significant difference in the proportion of PIP effusion between the two groups (OR=1). There were no significantly greater changes in the dominant hand with 9 affected PIP in both hands (p=0.6). However, the PIP1 and 2 were most severely affected (p=0.01 and 0.008) in the 2 groups. There was no correlation with gender, age or professional activity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It is the first descriptive study of the normal PIP in left handed subject. It appears that the possible existence of a physiological effusion of the PIP of healthy subjects didn9t depend on the dominant side. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5115
Abstract 2855: The codon 72 polymorphism of p53 influences the transcription of genes involved in immunity and inflammation
Authors: Amanda Frank, Monica Hollstein, Maureen E. Murphy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract A common polymorphism at codon 72 in the p53 tumor suppressor protein encodes either proline (P72) or arginine (R72). Several groups have reported that in engineered cell lines this polymorphism influences p53's transcriptional, growth arrest, and apoptotic functions. However, the impact of this polymorphism within the context of a living organism has never been examined. In efforts to understand the biological consequences of the p53 codon 72 polymorphism in a living organism, we generated P72 and R72 mice in the background of the Humanized p53 knock-in (Hupki) mouse. In Hupki mice that are extensively back-crossed into a C57Bl/6 background, we find that there are consistent tissue-specific differences in apoptotic function between the P72 and R72 variants. Within the thymus, we find that the P72 variant is associated with increased apoptosis following gamma radiation. Micro-array analysis indicates that a small subset of genes show increased transactivation in thymocytes from P72 mice compared to R72. These genes include caspase 4/11, which mediates the processing of caspase 1. Interestingly, several of these genes are also regulated by NF-kB, and play roles in immunity and inflammation. Mechanistically we show that p53 interacts with the p65 Rel A subunit of NF-kB, and further that the P72 variant of p53 interacts significantly better than R72. These data indicate that the codon 72 polymorphism affects the ability of p53 to interact with NF-kB and to cooperate in the transactivation of genes involved in immunity and inflammation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2855. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2855
A6.28 The role of Plexin-D1/Semaphorin 3E pathway in the dysregulation of vascular tone control in systemic sclerosis (SSc)
Authors: C Mazzotta, E Romano, C Bruni, M Manetti, G Lepri, S Bellando-Randone, J Blagojevic, L Ibba-Manneschi, M Matucci-Cerinic, S Guiducci
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> The vascular and nervous systems have several anatomic and molecular mechanism similarities. Emerging evidence suggests that proteins involved in transmitting axonal guidance cues, including class III semaphorin families, also play a critical role in blood vessel guidance during physiological and pathological vessel development. Sema3E is a natural antiangiogenic molecule that causes filopodial retraction in endothelial cells, inhibiting cell adhesion by disrupting integrin-mediated adhesive structures. The aim of the present study was to investigate if Plexin-D1/Sema3E axis could be involved in the dysregulation of vascular tone control (RF) in SSc. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Sema3E levels were measured by quantitative colorimetric sandwich ELISA in serum samples from 45 subjects with primary Raynaud's phenomenon (pRP), 48 SSc patients and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Western blot was used to evaluate Plexin-D1/Sema3E axis in human SSc and healthy dermal microvascular endothelial cells (SSc-MVEC and H-MVEC, respectively) at basal condition, and after stimulation with recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), SSc and healthy sera (both n = 3). Immunofluorescence staining on skin sections from 14 SSc patients and 12 healthy subjects was performed in order to evaluate Sema3E and Plexin-D1 expression. <h3>Results</h3> Serum Sema3E levels were significantly higher both in pRP subjects and SSc patients than in sera controls. In SSc, Sema3E levels were significantly increased in patients with early nailfold videocapillascopy pattern (NVC) compared to active/late pattern and pRP, and in patients without ulcers compared to those with digital ulcers. SSc-MVEC showed higher levels of phosphorylated Plexin-D1 and Sema3E expression compared with H-MVEC, and stimulation with SSc sera increased the expression of phosphorylated Plexin-D1 and Sema3E in H-MVEC. In SSc, Sema3E expression was increased in the dermis, particularly in the vascular endothelium. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that Plexin-D1/Sema3E axis is triggered in SSc and may have a role in the dysregulation of vascular tone control by inducing neuro-vascular mechanism alterations clinically evident in particular in the early disease phases.
The Effect of Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis on the Course of the Underlying Heart Disease
Authors: Bernard Rapofort, Laurence B. Ellis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THE development of a successful treatment for subacute bacterial endocarditis by penicillin has greatly changed the significance of this condition as an event in the life history of a person with chronic heart disease. Formerly, the disease was almost universally fatal, with the infection itself dominating the clinical picture, and therefore it was of relatively little moment whether heart failure developed or not. Now, since the infection can usually be controlled, if increased cardiac damage occurs it may materially increase the disability or lead to early death of the patient from heart failure. Many of the investigators1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 who have reported . . .
Dose-Ranging Efficacy and Safety Study of Albuterol Multidose Dry Powder Inhaler (MDPI) vs Albuterol Hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) and Placebo MDPI in Children With Asthma
Authors: Paul Y. Qaqundah, Herminia Taveras, Harald Iverson, Paul Shore, Tushar P. Shah
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Carcinoid Tumor of the Appendix: Treatment and Prognosis
Authors: Charles G. Moertel, Louis H. Weiland, David M. Nagorney, Malcolm B. Dockerty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

In a long-term study of 150 unselected patients with carcinoid tumors of the appendix, we found that the neoplasms were usually <1.0 cm in largest dimension and discovered as an incidental finding during surgery performed for other reasons. Metastases were observed with none of the 127 appendiceal carcinoids <2.0 cm in largest dimension, with 3 of the 14 lesions ≥2.0 cm but <3.0 cm in greatest dimension, and with 4 of the 9 lesions ≥3.0 cm. Paradoxically, the patients with the larger tumors and metastases were younger than those with smaller and clinically benign tumors. The median age of patients with tumors ≥2.0 cm was 31 years and that of those with metastases was 29 years, as compared with a median age of 42 years in patients with nonmetastasizing tumors <2.0 cm. We conclude that simple appendectomy is adequate treatment for patients with apparently localized tumors <2.0 cm in largest dimension. We have not observed any recurrences or metastases among 122 such patients followed for a median time of more than 26 years. Simple appendectomy is probably also appropriate treatment for lesions ≥2.0 cm in elderly patients or in those at high operative risk. Right hemicolectomy seems justified only in young patients with tumors ≥2.0 cm who have a low risk of operative morbidity or mortality. Vascular involvement and invasion of the mesoappendix are features that may favor a more radical approach. (N Engl J Med 1987; 317:1699–701.)
Beleaguered surgeon calls for end to humanitarian blockade of Sudan's Nuba enclave
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Hopes for humanitarian access to Sudan’s war torn Nuba Mountains have again been dashed with the collapse of peace talks in Ethiopia, leaving the region’s only functioning hospital in desperate need of supplies and a respite from the bombing campaign that has overwhelmed its surgical capacity.

The region has been cut off from the outside world since United Nations peacekeepers pulled out in 2011, when South Sudan became independent as part of Sudan’s so called Comprehensive Peace Agreement. But the outbreak of civil war last December in the world’s youngest country (www.bmj.com/content/348/bmj.g1480) has …