tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic evolution of rectal stercoral ulcer presenting with a large bleeding pseudodiverticulum in a patient with chronic constipation
Authors: C. Chung, C. Huang, H. Chiu, C. Huang, J. Chen
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

An 80-year-old man with a longstanding history of constipation reported passage of bloody stool for 7 days. His constipation had also worsened, requiring frequent enema in the past 1 month. His past medical history included benign prostate hypertrophy. On physical examination, his conjunctivae were pale and there was marked tenderness in the lower abdomen. His hemoglobin was 7.2 g/dL. A plain radiograph of the abdomen showed large amounts of hard feces in the colon and rectum. An urgent sigmoidoscopy following gentle rectal irrigation showed a large, wide-mouthed, diverticulum-like lesion, with extensive ulceration with adherent blood clots in the rectum ([Fig. 1]). There was also a fistulous communication between the pseudodiverticular lesion and the rectum ([Fig. 2]). Endoscopic injection therapy was successfully carried out, and histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens taken from the rectal lesion demonstrated acute and chronic inflammatory change of the mucosa, but there was no evidence of malignancy. The patient was administered 3 units of packed red blood cells and stool softeners and laxatives. A repeat sigmoidoscopy 1 week later still showed retained stools in the rectum and colon after rectal enema. Endoscopy revealed an outpouching rectal lesion ([Fig. 3]) with granulation tissue within the lesion ([Fig. 4]), however, there was no evidence of rectal bleeding. A follow-up sigmoidoscopy 10 months later revealed normal mucosa in the rectum with no evidence of the pseudodiverticular lesion.
Abstract 4131: Genetic variant associations with treatment outcome and safety in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with sorafenib and bevacizumab (BEV) as salvage therapy
Authors: Jacqueline M. Lafky, Brian M. Bot, Bruce W. Morlan, Axel Grothey
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Polymorphisms in genes involved in the angiogenesis pathway have been investigated as predictive markers for efficacy and tolerability to anti-angiogenesis treatment, such as BEV. This study examines single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VEGF, VEGFR2, and HIF-1α for their potential association with outcome and safety in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients treated with the combined vertical blockade of VEGF signaling (i.e., sorafenib and BEV) as salvage therapy. Experimental procedures: Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood for 78/79 evaluable patients in the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) Phase II study, N054C (Grothey, et al., ASCO 2010). TaqMan or direct sequencing was used for genotyping VEGF (rs25648, rs3025039, rs2010963, rs1005230, rs833061, rs699947, rs1570360), VEGFR2 (rs2305948, rs2219471, rs2071559, rs1870377), and HIF-1α (rs11549465, rs11549467) SNPs. Chi-square or Fisher's exact test was used to determine genotype associations with the study's primary endpoint, progression-free rate at 3 months of follow-up, as well as genotype associations with the most common grade 3+ adverse events at least possibly related (AE rels) to treatment (i.e., fatigue, hypertension, skin reaction). Results summary: The presence of a mutant T allele in the 5’ UTR of VEGF (rs25648; C534T) was associated with fewer successes in progression-free rate at 3 month follow-up (Fisher's exact test, p=0.0187). In addition, the presence of a C allele in the promoter region of VEGFR2 (rs2071559, T-604C) was associated with fewer grade 3+ hypertension AE rels (Fisher's exact test, p=0.0101). However, after correcting for multiple comparisons using the method of Benjamini &amp; Hochberg none of the p-values were significant at a 0.05 level. At the same time, no differences were observed between the genotype subgroups and either progression-free rate at 3 months or the most common grade 3+ AE rels for the remaining SNPs that were analyzed, before or after correction. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence that mCRC patients with the VEGF C534T (rs25648) variant may not benefit from combined treatment of sorafenib and BEV, whereas patients with the VEGFR2 T-604C (rs2071559) polymorphism may experience fewer grade 3+ AE rels. Further prospective validation of these SNPs and their association with this treatment combination in mCRC is warranted. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4131. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4131
Histologic and Electron Microscopy Observations on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatomas in Small Aquarium Fish ( Oryzias lafipes )
Authors: Takatoshi Ishikawa, Tetsuro Shimamine, Shozo Takayama
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Histologic and Electron Microscopy Observations on Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatomas in Small Aquarium Fish (Oryzias lafipes) Get access Takatoshi Ishikawa, Takatoshi Ishikawa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tetsuro Shimamine, Tetsuro Shimamine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shozo Takayama Shozo Takayama Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 4, October 1975, Pages 909–916, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.4.909 Published: 01 October 1975 Article history Received: 13 February 1975 Accepted: 09 June 1975 Published: 01 October 1975
AT-32A PHASE I DOSE-ESCALATION STUDY OF GEMCITABINE PLUS STANDARD RADIATION THERAPY FOR MALIGNANT HIGH GRADE GLIOMAS
Authors: Michelle Kim, Matthew Schipper, Yue Cao, Larry Junck, Aaron Mammoser, Jason Heth, Oren Sagher, Theodore Lawrence, Christina Tsien
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Based on preclinical data that gemcitabine (GEM) is an effective radiosensitizer in a mouse glioma model, a phase I study was undertaken assessing the feasibility of administering GEM during radiation therapy (RT) in patients with newly-diagnosed high-grade gliomas. METHODS: Adult patients with pathologically confirmed WHO grade III-IV supratentorial gliomas were eligible. Five dose levels of weekly GEM were tested starting the last 2 weeks of RT and advancing stepwise into earlier weeks (500 mg/m2 weeks 5,6; 1000 mg/m2 weeks 5,6; 1000 mg/m2 weeks 4,5,6; 750 mg/m2 weeks 3,4,5,6 and 1000 mg/m2 weeks 3,4,5,6). All patients received 60 Gy in 30 fractions. Primary objective was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) associated with DLT (any ≥grade 4 hematologic or ≥grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity) in 20% of patients within 90 days from start RT. Secondary objectives included estimates of ≥grade 3 toxicity, progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Between 2004-2012, 29 patients were enrolled (6 oligodendroglioma, 10 oligoastrocytoma, 9 astrocytoma and 4 glioblastoma), with 24 evaluable for toxicity. With median follow-up of 35.7 months (IQR, 36.6-58.6), OS for 22 evaluable patients with grade III tumors was 48.0 months (95% CI 26.2-inestimable), and PFS was 26.0 months (95% CI 11.7-48.5). MTD was 750 mg/m2/week given the last 4 weeks of RT. DLT events (grade 3 nausea, venous thromboembolism and syncope at dose levels 3-5) occurred in 4 patients, and three patients had biopsy-confirmed radiation necrosis (1 at dose level 1, 2 at dose level 5). No grade 5 toxicities related to therapy were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with high-grade gliomas, the MTD of GEM delivered with 60 Gy in 30 fractions was 750 mg/m2/week given the last 4 weeks of RT in this study. The combination of GEM and RT was well-tolerated, and preliminary estimates of efficacy are promising.
Monitoring Peach Harvest Workers Exposed to Azinphosmethyl Residues in Sutter County, California, 1991
Authors: F Schneider, K Steenland, B Hernandez, B Wilson, R Krieger, J Spencer, S Margetich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Peach harvest workers were evaluated for exposure to azinphosmethyl residues by measuring foliar residues, urinary alkylphosphate metabolites, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and dermal residues using clothing and skin washes. Workers entered orchards 51 days after application and worked in treated fields for 10 of the next 17 days. Dislodgeable foliar residues ranged from 0.82 to 1.72 microg/cm2 and did not change significantly over the study period. Combined mean dermal exposure for the 3 consecutive monitoring days was 32 mg and ranged from 17.9 to 60.5 mg. Overall mean excretion levels for the 5 monitoring days were 1.7 mg dimethylphosphate and 1.9 mg dimethlythiophosphate. There was no significant difference in BChE between the exposed harvesters and minimally exposed sorters. The exposed group had significantly lower AChE values than the sorters for 2 post-exposure blood draws by three testing methods, while no significant difference was found for the pre-exposure blood draw. The AChE values for the post-exposure blood samples for the exposed workers decreased significantly about 10-20% over the 3-week exposure period but increased or remained constant for the sorters. Urinary metabolite excretion increased with continuous exposure and was inversely correlated with both AChE and BChE but was not correlated with dermal exposure measurements. High correlations were generally observed between AChE measurements taken in the field using a new spectrophotometric kit and laboratory AChE measurements.
IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES OF THE HYBRID ALGORITHM FOR CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS: THE RECHARGE REGISTRY
Authors: Joren Maeremans, Alexandre Avran, Paul Knaapen, Simon Walsh, Colm Hanratty, Benjamin Faurie, Pierfrancesco Agostoni, James Spratt, Erwan Bressollette, Peter Kayaert, J. Dens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Use of genome-wide scan in women with breast cancer to identify common germline variants that may be associated with recurrence
Authors: E. A. Comen, J. Lautenberger, K. McGee, T. Kirchhoff, M. Dean, C. Hudis, L. Norton, K. Offit, B. Gold, M. Robson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

11049 Background: Studies of normal DNA variation have identified several common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility to breast cancer. It is not known whether common SNPs are associated with breast cancer outcomes. Methods: Subjects were Ashkenazi Jewish women with familial breast cancer and without BRCA mutations. Subjects were genotyped on an Affymetrix 500K SNP platform in the first phase of a genome-wide association study seeking susceptibility loci (Gold et. al, Proc Natl Acad Sci 2008;105:4340). Clinical variables and outcomes for these women were abstracted from medical records. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, we assessed associations between clinical outcomes and the 111 SNPs that were most significantly associated with susceptibility in the case-control study and heterozygous in the subset of affected patients. Dominant, codominant, and recessive models were explored. A secondary analysis assessed associations with recurrence of 48,562 additional SNPs that were not strongly associated with susceptibility. Results: The 173 subjects were a median of 51 years of age at diagnosis (range 27–74). Median follow-up for surviving subjects was 85.5 months. Most cancers (74.6%) were T1/T2; 62% were N0. Most were ER positive (81.5%), HER2 negative (87.5%). For the entire group, the 5- and 10-year freedom from recurrence was 84% and 72%, respectively. The 5- and 10-year overall survival was 94% and 86%, respectively. Minor alleles at rs6439927 (within CLSTN2,calsyntenin2, a post-synaptic calcium-binding membrane protein, MAF 27%) and rs7943562 ( linked to GALNTL4, an N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase, MAF 47%) were most strongly associated with disease recurrence (log likelihood ratio chi square P=0.003 and P=0.002, respectively). No additional SNPs from the secondary analysis achieved genome-wide significance. Conclusions: Genome-wide SNP genotyping of women with breast cancer identified two novel loci that may be associated with disease recurrence. Further studies in larger cohorts will be performed to replicate these findings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life
Authors: David Osoba, Ian Tannock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

Article Tools Correspondence Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.7.2293a Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10561287 Measuring Health-Related Quality of Life David OsobaxDavid OsobaSearch for articles by this author , Ian TannockxIan TannockSearch for articles by this author Show More QOL Consulting, Vancouver, British ColumbiaPrincess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.7.2293a First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Uncompromised 10-year survival of oldest old carrying somatic mutations in DNMT3A and TET2
Authors: Erik B. van den Akker, Steven J. Pitts, Joris Deelen, Matthijs H. Moed, Shobha Potluri, Jeroen van Rooij, H. Eka D. Suchiman, Nico Lakenberg, Wesley J. de Dijcker, André G. Uitterlinden, Robert Kraaij, Albert Hofman, Anton J. M. de Craen, Jeanine J. Houwing-Duistermaat, Gert-Jan B. van Ommen, David R. Cox, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Marian Beekman, Marcel J. T. Reinders, P. Eline Slagboom
Journal: Blood (2016)
HEAD AND NECK PAIN IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION
Authors: Stephen Philip, Emil Missov, Dan Gilon, Stuart Hutchison, Ali Khoynezhad, Arturo Evangelista, Marc Bonaca, Lori Conklin, Jehangir Appoo, Marco Di Eusanio, Alan Braverman, Alberto Forteza, Daniel Montgomery, Christoph A. Nienaber, Eric Isselbacher, Kim Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 2876: A novel multi-parametric assay of cell death pathways: Autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis
Authors: Dee Shen, Eric Chan, Praveen Pande, Wayne F. Patton
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cell death can be classified into a number of types including apoptotic, autophagic, necrotic and others. The hallmarks of apoptotic cell death include exposure of phosphatidyl serine on the extracellular face of the plasma membrane, activation of caspases, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, cell shrinkage, DNA fragmentation and DNA condensation. Necrotic cell death is characterized by cell swelling, as well as destruction of the plasma membrane and subcellular organelles, without nuclear fragmentation and condensation. Autophagic cell death is a degradative process involving sequestration of cellular components in double-membrane vesicles that fuse with lysosomes to form the autophagolysosomes. Autophagy is a survival strategy in situations of stress, but can also lead to non-apoptotic cell death. Due to the overall complexity of the cited death pathways, a sensitive assay capable of distinguishing between autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis is fundamental to further understanding of these pathophysiological processes. Thus, a three-parameter cell-based assay was developed utilizing a green-emitting fluorophore to highlight the various vacuolar components of the autophagy pathway, a violet-excitable fluorophore conjugate of annexin V to measure phosphatidyl serine exposure in early stage apoptosis, and a cell-impermeable red fluorescent DNA intercalation dye to measure membrane disintegration in late-stage apoptosis/necrosis. The assay was validated using a range of conditions known to modulate autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis pathways. The assay provides a rapid, information-rich read-out of the various cell death pathways by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry and should facilitate better drug activity profiling and clearer kinetic analysis of these fundamental processes in living cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2876. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2876
Effect of Microsomal Enzyme Inducers on the Urinary Excretion Pattern of Mutagenic Metabolites of the Carcinogen 2,4-Toluenediamine
Authors: T V Reddy, R Ramanathan, T Benjamin, P H Grantham, E K Weisburger
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Effect of Microsomal Enzyme Inducers on the Urinary Excretion Pattern of Mutagenic Metabolites of the Carcinogen 2,4-Toluenediamine Get access T. V. Reddy, T. V. Reddy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Ramanathan, R. Ramanathan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. Benjamin, T. Benjamin Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. H. Grantham, P. H. Grantham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. K. Weisburger E. K. Weisburger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 76, Issue 2, February 1986, Pages 291–297, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/76.2.291 Published: 01 February 1986 Article history Received: 01 May 1985 Accepted: 30 September 1985 Published: 01 February 1986
Muscular Uptake of Tc-99m MIBI and Tl-201 in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: FRANCESCO SCOPINARO, CARLO MANNI, ALFREDO MICCHELI, RITA MASSA, GIUSEPPE DE VINCENTIS, ORAZIO SCHILLACI, MARIA IERARDI, ROBERTA DANIELI, MARIA BANCI, FRANCESCO IORIO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Lack of dystrophin, a protein localized to the inner surface of the sarcolemma of the muscle fiber, is the cause of Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. Plasma membrane damage of the muscular fiber occurs, followed by Ca++ influx into the fibers. There is severe mitochondrial damage in dystrophic but still viable fibers. Five children aged 5-7 years were studied with MRI, Tl-201, and Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy of the thighs. These three methods showed that the sartorius is the least damaged muscle in Duchenne type muscular dystrophy. MRI showed mild damage of adductors and quadriceps; Tl-201 scintigraphy showed a marked reduction of radioactivity in the same muscles; Tc-99m sestamibi uptake occurred only in the sartorius muscle; the quadriceps was not imaged and adductors showed a faint image. A decrease of water in muscular fibers as well as fatty fibrous substitution, occurs after death of the fibers, whereas plasma membrane and mitochondrial damage reduced the uptake of tracers when the fiber is still viable. The interesting mismatch between sestamibi and Tl-201 can be explained by considering that the cellular mechanism of uptake and retention of Tc-99m sestamibi involves both plasma membrane and mitochondria, whereas the uptake of Tl-201 is only affected by plasma membrane damage.
A Modular Set of Helper-Dependent Herpes Simplex Virus Expression Vectors
Authors: Craig A. Strathdee, Marilyn R. McLeod
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has many favorable properties in terms of its potential to serve as a delivery and expression platform for gene-based therapies, including the ability to establish persistent infections, a broad tissue tropism, episomal maintenance of transduced genes, and a large genome that can incorporate many additional cDNAs. Helper-dependent HSV vectors (commonly known as HSV amplicons) are well positioned to exploit the biology of the virus, since they contain only the two cis elements required for HSV replication and packaging and thus do not require the silencing of any viral genes to prevent toxicity to transduced cells over the course of cDNA expression. In this report we describe the development of a set of modular HSV amplicon vectors that can easily be modified to incorporate different genetic elements or alternatively can be used to retrofit existing expression constructs such that they can be packaged into infectious HSV particles. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) has many favorable properties in terms of its potential to serve as a delivery and expression platform for gene-based therapies, including the ability to establish persistent infections, a broad tissue tropism, episomal maintenance of transduced genes, and a large genome that can incorporate many additional cDNAs. Helper-dependent HSV vectors (commonly known as HSV amplicons) are well positioned to exploit the biology of the virus, since they contain only the two cis elements required for HSV replication and packaging and thus do not require the silencing of any viral genes to prevent toxicity to transduced cells over the course of cDNA expression. In this report we describe the development of a set of modular HSV amplicon vectors that can easily be modified to incorporate different genetic elements or alternatively can be used to retrofit existing expression constructs such that they can be packaged into infectious HSV particles.
Abstract LB-435: Regulation of emmprin in Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected cells: a novel strategy developed against KSHV-related diseases
Authors: Zhiqiang Qin, Lu Dai, Momka Bratoeva, Bryan Toole, Chris Parsons
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: KSHV is a common etiologic agent for cancers arising in the setting of immune suppression, including Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL). We recently reported that the KSHV-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) upregulates expression of the multifunctional membrane glycoprotein emmprin (Extracellular Matrix MetalloPRoteinase Inducer) and associated cell invasiveness and colony formation (Qin et al. Cancer Res. 2010; 70(10): 3884–9). The purpose of this study was to determine mechanisms for KSHV/LANA-induced transcriptional activation of emmprin, and whether these interactions affect emmprin-mediated signal transduction. Experimental Design: We used co-IP, confocal microscopy, gene silencing, and overexpression of LANA deletion mutants to whether specific transcription factors (TF) interact with LANA and mediate LANA-initiated emmprin activation, as well as putative sites of LANA-TF interactions. Pharmacological inhibitors, gene transfer, immunoblots, qRT-PCR, ELISA and transwell assays were performed to assess how LANA-TF interactions impact emmprin-dependent intracellular signal transduction and downstream pathogenesis. Results: We found that Sp1, a Zn finger TF, mediates LANA activation of emmprin transcription/protein expression and cell invasiveness. The N-terminal domain of LANA, containing a nuclear localization sequence, is necessary and sufficient for Sp1 activation of emmprin and co-localizes with Sp1 in the nucleus. Interestingly, we also found that emmprin-dependent activation of pro-migratory cytokines/chemokines and endothelial cell invasiveness following de novo KSHV infection is dependent upon KSHV induction of PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling, but not NF-κB pathway. Conclusions: LANA interactions with Sp1, and KSHV induction of Akt- and MAPK-dependent signaling, initiate transcriptional activation of emmprin and emmprin-dependent activation of pro-migratory cytokines release and cell invasiveness following KSHV infection. Ongoing experiments to clarify regulatory networks for emmprin activation in KSHV-infected cells may lead to identification of novel therapeutic targets for KSHV-related diseases. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-435. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-435