tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Widespread Outbreaks of Clam- and Oyster-Associated Gastroenteritis
Authors: Dale L. Morse, John J. Guzewich, John P. Hanrahan, Rachel Stricof, Mehdi Shayegani, Rudolf Deibel, John C. Grabau, Nancy A. Nowak, John E. Herrmann, George Cukor, Neil R. Blacklow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Consumption of raw shellfish has long been known to be associated with individual cases and sporadic outbreaks of enteric illness. However, during 1982, outbreaks of gastroenteritis associated with eating raw shellfish reached epidemic proportions in New York State. Between May 1 and December 31, there were 103 well-documented outbreaks in which 1017 persons became ill: 813 cases were related to eating clams, and 204 to eating oysters. The most common symptoms were diarrhea, nausea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting. Incubation periods were generally 24 to 48 hours long, and the duration of illness was 24 to 48 hours. Bacteriologic analyses of stool and shellfish specimens did not reveal a causative agent. Norwalk virus was implicated as the predominant etiologic agent by clinical features of the illness and by seroconversion and the formation of IgM antibody to Norwalk virus in paired serum samples from persons in five (71 percent) of seven outbreaks in which testing was done. In addition, Norwalk virus was identified by radioimmunoassay in clam and oyster specimens from two of the outbreaks. Determining the source of the shellfish was not always possible, but northeastern coastal waters were implicated. The magnitude, persistence, and widespread nature of these outbreaks raise further questions about the safety of consuming raw shellfish.
Diagnostic par narrow band imaging et endomicroscopie confocale par minisondes (ECM) de la dysplasie de haut grade sur endobrachyoesophage: résultats d'une étude multicentrique randomisée
Authors: E Coron, A Meining, HC Wolfsen, CJ Lightdale, A Bansal, M Bajbouj, JA Abrams, GY Lauwers, MB Wallace, M Le Rhun, JP Galmiche, P Sharma
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: La surveillance de l'endobrachyoesophage (EBO) repose actuellement sur la réalisation de biopsies systématiques en 4 quadrants. Cependant, l'adhérence à ce protocole est limitée en raison de son caractère invasif et de sa faible rentabilité, liée au risque d'erreur d'échantillonnage. Récemment, plusieurs techniques de diagnostic endoscopique ont été proposées afin d'améliorer la détection des lésions de dysplasie de haut grade (DHG) au sein de l'EBO, parmi lesquelles le narrow band Imaging (NBI) et l'endomicroscopie confocale par minisondes (ECM), mais aucune étude randomisée n'a comparé ces techniques à l'endoscopie en lumière blanche avec biopsies quadrantiques. Le but de cette étude multicentrique randomisée était d'évaluer la sensibilité et la spécificité de l'ECM combinée à l'endoscopie classique en lumière blanche (LB) et/ou au NBI, pour la détection des lésions en dysplasie de haut grade ou de cancer (DHG/Ca) de l'EBO, en prenant l'histologie standard comme méthode de référence.
Treatment of Hyperthyroidism in Children
Authors: M. D. Kogut, S. A. Kaplan, P. J. Collipp, T. Tiamsic, D. Boyle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

IN recent years considerable controversy has arisen over whether children with hyperthyroidism are best treated with antithyroid drugs, by subtotal thyroidectomy or with radioactive iodine (I131). The treatment of thyrotoxicosis in children and young adults with I131 has found fewer supporters in recent years because of the possible danger of induction of thyroid neoplasms1 and the finding that administration of I131 alone may induce benign and malignant thyroid neoplasms in animals.2 , 3 As a result of experience with more than 250 hyperthyroid children less than fifteen years of age, subtotal thyroidectomy is considered the treatment of choice by Hayles et . . .
ESTUDIO MULTICÉNTRICO, LONGITUDINAL Y PROSPECTIVO PARA EVALUAR LAS COMPLICACIONES DERIVADAS DE LA POLIPECTOMIA GÁSTRICA Y DUODENAL. DATOS PRELIMINARES
Authors: H Córdova, C Loras Alastruey, D Nicolás, JB Gornals Soler, L Argüello Viudez, C Leal, S Santolaria, C Pons, O García, G Fernández-Esparrach
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La polipectomía gástrica y duodenal es una técnica habitual pero existe poca información sobre sus potenciales complicaciones, habiéndose descrito un mayor riesgo de sangrado. Objetivos: Valorar la frecuencia y tipos de complicaciones post-polipectomía gástrica y duodenal. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio multicéntrico, longitudinal y prospectivo de todos los pacientes sometidos a polipectomía gástrica y/o duodenal de pólipos ≥5 mm mediante asa de polipectomía. Criterios de exclusión: deterioro de funciones superiores, TP < 50% y plaquetas < 50.000 y tratamiento con clopidogrel en los 7 días previos a la prueba. Las variables analizadas han sido: datos demográficos, hallazgos endoscópicos, medidas profilácticas, tipo de complicaciones y tratamiento de las mismas y resultados histológicos. Se ha realizado un análisis de posibles factores asociados a la presencia de complicaciones. Resultados: En el momento del análisis, hemos incluido 85 pacientes (64% mujeres, 36% hombres) con una edad media de 67,8 +13.7 años. Las indicaciones de la gastroscopia fueron: anemia, n = 30 (35,7%); control de pólipos, n = 23 (27,4%); dispepsia/ERGE, n = 10 (11,9%); hemorragia digestiva, n = 9 (10,7%) y otros, n = 12 (14,3%). 29 pacientes (34,5%) tomaban antiagregantes/anticoagulantes que se suspendieron según pauta habitual. 14 pacientes presentaron complicaciones (16,7%): hemorragia (n = 10, 76,9%), perforación (n = 1, 1,2%), dolor abdominal (n = 1, 1,2%) y broncoaspiración (n = 1, 1,2%). La mayoría de las complicaciones ocurrieron durante el procedimiento (n = 11, 79%). En 9 pacientes (90%) se habían realizado medidas profilácticas para evitar el sangrado y en todos los casos se consiguió la hemostasia. El único factor asociado a la hemorragia fue el tipo histológico de pólipo hiperplásico (5 vs. 2, p < 0,04). Conclusiones: La incidencia de complicaciones postpolipectomía gástrica y duodenal no es despreciable. Las medidas profilácticas no disminuyen el riesgo de sangrado postpolipectomía. La mayoría de las complicaciones ocurren durante el procedimiento. Los pólipos hiperplásicos presentan mayor riesgo de sangrado.
Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es für die endoskopischen Untersuchungen in der Gynäkologie?
Authors: H. Frangenheim
Journal: Endoscopy (1969)

Laparoscopy in gynecological diagnosis is an essential procedure which is simple in technique and almost without any risk. The examiner very often has a much better view at the genital organs than the surgeon performing a laparotomy. Three classical indications: the diagnosis of sterility, the differential diagnosis of ectopic pregnancies and uncertain adnexitis are critically evaluated. The technique, the complications and contraindication as well as the surgical procedures with the laparoscope are discussed. In the author's opinion the sterilization of the Fallopian tube represents the most important surgical intervention performed with the laparoscope.
Supreme Court Arguments on the ACA — A Clash of Two World Views
Authors: Mark A. Hall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Interview with Mark Hall on the recent Supreme Court oral arguments in the challenge to the Affordable Care Act. (13:24)Download Supreme Court oral arguments may reveal the justices' views of fundamental political and social issues — including, in the case of the Affordable Care Act, what it means to ensure liberty and where the proper balance lies between judicial activism and deference to Congress.
Pulsus Paradoxus
Authors: DALE W. STEELE, KAREN A. SANTUCCI, ROBERT O. WRIGHT, RANJINI NATARAJAN, KEMEDY K. McQUILLEN, GREGORY D. JAY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We used a noninvasive monitor of arterial pressure to determine the utility of pulsus paradoxus (PP) as an objective severity measure in croup. We performed a prospective, blinded comparison of PP in children with croup versus healthy control subjects, analyzed the relationship between PP and Westley croup score (WCS), and observed the effect of racemic epinephrine (RE) on PP and WCS in a subgroup of patients with severe croup. The PP and WCS were measured at presentation and in severe patients after treatment with RE. Mean PP was 6.1 +/- 1.8 (SD) mm Hg (n = 29) in control subjects compared with a mean of 17.8 +/- 11.2 (SD) mm Hg (n = 28) in patients with croup (p < 0.00001). There was significant concordance between baseline WCS and PP (Spearman's rho: 0.68; p = 0.0001). The mean decrease in PP after RE was 7.5 +/- 11.8 (SD) mm Hg (p = 0.05; n = 12). The magnitude of decrease in PP after RE has significant concordance with the concurrent decrease in WCS (Spearman's rho: 0.73; p < 0.007). PP is elevated in children with croup, and the magnitude of elevation correlates with severity as measured by the WCS. PP may have utility as a research tool to objectively measure the severity of upper airway obstruction in croup.
Revisiting Essure — Toward Safe and Effective Sterilization
Authors: Sanket S. Dhruva, Joseph S. Ross, Aileen M. Gariepy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Essure, a female-sterilization device, is being reevaluated by an FDA panel 13 years after its original approval. Would concerns about its safety and effectiveness have been addressed earlier with better research and result dissemination?
Case 16-2012
Authors: José Baselga, Barbara Lynn Smith, Elizabeth A. Rafferty, Alessandro Bombonati
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A 32-year-old woman noted a crease in her right breast. Imaging studies showed a suspicious mass, and a biopsy specimen revealed infiltrating ductal carcinoma, positive for HER2. Staging showed liver lesions consistent with metastases. Management decisions were made.
SAT0414 Role of ultrasound in therapeutic decision and monitoring of response to intra-articular injection of triamcinolone hexacetonide in aseptic arthritis: A six month follow-up study:
Authors: S. Falcao, E. de Miguel, A.F. Mourao, A. Papoila, J. Branco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroids injections are used in mono- or oligoarthritis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other aseptic inflammatory joint diseases. IA triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) is used most often as a supplement to systemic anti-inflammatory therapy. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the clinical and ultrasound (US) morphology responses to TH injection, to determine whether US morphology can predict the maintenance of therapeutic response, and its correlations with inflammatory arthritis outcome measures. <h3>Methods</h3> 37 intra-articular (16wrist, 6MCP, 10PIP, 2elbow, 2TT, 1MTP) US guided injections of TH were performed in 27 patients with inflammatory arthritis: 15 had RA, 9 PsoA, 2 AS and 1 JIA. Every patient was evaluated 5 times: at baseline (immediately before injection), 2 weeks, and 1, 3 and 6 months. At baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months a trained rheumatologist assessed clinical, laboratory and functional data, namely number of swollen and tender joints, range of articular movement (flexion plus extension), visual analogic scale (VAS) for pain, score for disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH), and clinical rating system for the ankle and hindfoot scores, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and c-reactive protein (CRP). A rheumatologist with training on US performed standard examinations. A semi-quantitative score was used for Doppler and B-mode synovitis, effusion and synovial hypertrophy. Exclusion criteria were increasing number and/or dosage of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) during the follow-up. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age and mean disease duration was 56.1±15.1 and 10.7±8.3 years, respectively. Median ESR was 19 (P<sub>25</sub>11.5;P<sub>75</sub>24) mm/h, and mean CRP was 0.71 (P<sub>25</sub>0.37;P<sub>75</sub>1.5) mg/dl. Clinical, functional and US data are summarized in table 1. At 6 months the patients with joint effusion had a tendency to have higher level of ESR. The presence of effusion, B-mode and Doppler synovitis were related with a trend to increased ESR and CRP at 3 and 6 months, with no statistically significant differences. During the follow-up period sixteen percent of patients met the exclusion criteria. <h3>Conclusions</h3> All patients showed significant improvement after TH injection. However, half of the patients maintained subclinical synovitis detected by US parameters, and sixteen percent of patients had to increase the number and/or dosage of DMARD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
RADIOCHEMISTRY OF Zr-89 AS A POSITRON LABEL FOR ANTIBODIES;
Authors: S. A. Ali, J. M. Link, J. F. Eary, K. Y. Richter, C. C. Badger, T. A. Lewellen, K. A. Krohn, W. B. Nelp
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Ali, S. A.; Link, J. M.; Eary, J. F.; Richter, K. Y.; Badger, C. C.; Lewellen, T. A.; Krohn, K. A.; Nelp, W. B. Author Information
Fluoroscopy to document the extent of cardiomyotomy during peroral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Vivek Kumbhari, Payal Saxena, Ahmed Messallam, Gerard Aguila, Alan Tieu, Mohammed El-Zein, Anthony Kalloo, Mouen Khashab
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is being increasingly performed for the management of achalasia. One of the major technical challenges in performing POEM is assessing the extent of the submucosal tunnel, as this will determine the extent of the myotomy. The myotomy should extend 2 – 3 cm beyond the lower esophageal sphincter, as an adequate cardiomyotomy is critical to achieve the high response rates observed with POEM [1] [2]. Methods used to assess whether the submucosal tunnel has extended sufficiently beyond the lower esophageal sphincter include: measurement of insertion depth, resistance to the passage of the gastroscope at the lower esophageal sphincter, change in vasculature of the gastric cardia, injection of epinephrine, and double-endoscope transillumination [3]. We herein present a novel technique to accurately determine the extent of the submucosal tunnel using fluoroscopy and an endoclip.
255 A CASE–CONTROL STUDY EVALUATING THE EFFICACY OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY AS SECONDARY PROPHYLAXIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) RECURRENCE AFTER CURATIVE TREATMENT IN SUBJECTS WITH HCV-RELATED CIRRHOSIS
Authors: R. Di Donato, R. Vukotic, M.R. Badalamenti, C. Marulli, C. Cursaro, A. Scuteri, F. Conti, G. Vitale, M. Bernardi, C. Serra, P. Andreone
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
IMAGE BASED EVALUATION OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIAL STRAIN MECHANICS USING 4D AND 2D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: David J. Sahn, Alexandra Pidwerbecki, Karla Fuentes, Kacie Amacher, Meihua Zhu, Joanne Tran, Kim Dang, Evan Tracy, Ramya Ajjarapu, Muhammad Ashraf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 2367: RhoA GTPase but not cortactin is required for tumor cell migration of human epidermoid carcinoma cells in vivo
Authors: Amy E. Robertson, Hon S. Leong, John D. Lewis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Metastasis contributes to over 90% of cancer mortalities. Metastatic disease is a dynamic, multi-step process that requires invasion and migration of cancer cells from the primary tumour site and leads to colonization at a distant location. Migration events mediated by the family of Rho GTPases are facilitated by acto-myosin contraction at the cell rear. In vitro studies have demonstrated that knockdown of RhoA causes insufficient actomyosin contraction and decreased cell detachment. Migration of cancer cells in vivo does not only require detachment from the primary tumor, but also relies on invasion of the cell into the surrounding stromal tissue. Formation of functional invadopodia drives invasion and a key component of invadopodia is cortactin. The objective of this study is to combine inhibitory short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technology with an in vivo metastasis model to identify mechanisms of cancer cell migration that have not previously been studied in an animal model. I hypothesize that inhibition of mediators required for cellular rear detachment and invadopodia formation, such as RhoA and cortactin respectively, will prevent migration of human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) and human epidermoid carcinoma (Hep3) cell lines in vivo. Inhibition of RhoA and cortactin was performed by lentiviral infection of Hep3 and HT1080 cell lines with individual pLOK.1-puro vectors containing a 21-mir sequence to target and decrease mRNA expression. The migratory ability of both cell lines following RNA inhibition was analyzed in vitro using a scratch wound assay and in vivo using a migration and metastasis model in the shell-less chicken embryo, whereby transduced HT1080 and Hep3 cells are injected intravenously and subsequently arrest in the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). We used a microscope mounted incubator and spinning disc confocal microscopy to visualize cells in real time and quantify their migration parameters. Results obtained from in vitro migration assays indicate that inhibition of cortactin does not affect the migration of Hep3 and HT1080 cell lines across a rigid substratum. Diminished levels of cortactin also had no significant effect on the migration of these cells in vivo. Importantly, inhibition of RhoA caused a significant decrease in cell migration in vitro for both cell lines and in vivo for Hep3 cells (p&amp;lt;0.05). This data suggests that RhoA, a key mediator of cellular rear detachment, is required for in vivo migration of human epidermoid carcinoma cells while cortactin, implicated in invadopodia structures, is not required. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2367. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2367
AB0484 Anti-CCP profile in rheumatoid arthritis during long-term etanercept treatment
Authors: P. Solakov, S. Kuzmanova, S. Alimanska
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Anti-CCP antibody testing is useful in the diagnosis and prognosis of RA. We discuss anti-CCP testing with an emphasis on diagnostic performance and prognostic capability. <h3>Objectives</h3> There aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of long-term etanercept treatment on anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP). <h3>Methods</h3> A second generation commercially available ELISA kit (CCPlus Euro-Diagnostica) were assessed. Serum samples from 31 consecutive patients with refractory RA and with positive anti-CCP test were prospectively followed during etanercept and methotrexate therapy. Autoantibodies were tested at baseline and after 6, 12 and 18 months. Before therapy, at baseline, positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP2) test were found in 100% of patients. The proportion of patients who were positive for rheumatoid factor at baseline and after 18 months was 87.1% and 74.2% respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Median values of the Disease Activity score (DAS) significantly decreased from 4.1 (3.8 - 4.4) at baseline, to 3.8 (3.6 - 3.9), 3.2 (3.0 - 3.4) and 2.6 (3.3 - 2.4), after 6, 12 and 18 months (p&lt;0.001) respectively. Serum anti-CCP antibody titer at baseline was 821.39 IU/ml, and the titers for 6,12 and 18 months were 784.58, 875.61, 884.62 IU/ml respectively. Anti-CCP antibody titers exhibited a no significant reduction at 6, 12 and 18 months compared to baseline (p&gt;0,05). Significant reduction in anti-CCP antibody titer was noted only in 6 patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite therapy with etanercept and the persistence of significant clinical improvement as indicated by DAS, no decrease of the anti-CCP antibody titers was observed. The elevated anti-CCP antibodies retain very high during treatment of RA with etanercept. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
CA19-9 Decrease and Kinetics in a Randomized Phase III Trial (MPACT) of Weekly Nab-Paclitaxel Plus Gemcitabine in Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Michele Reni, Daniel Von Hoff, E. Chiorean, Thomas Ervin, Francis Arena, Jeffrey Infante, Venu Bathini, Philip Clingan, Volker Kunzmann, Ramesh Ramanathan, Josep Tabernero, David Goldstein, Amy Ko, Brian Lu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
SAT0026 Targeted Treatment and Combination Dmard Therapy are Additively Important for Reaching Remission in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: V. Rantalaiho, H. Kautiainen, M. Korpela, T. Möttönen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Multiple trials have shown that in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA), both monitoring disease activity and aiming at remission, as well as using combinations of disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) are effective treatment strategies [1, 2]. Still, many authorities stress the former, but ignore the latter. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study separately the roles of targeted treatment and combination therapy on the 2-year remission rates of early RA. <h3>Methods</h3> In the FIN-RACo trial, 195 patients with early, active RA were randomized to be treated for 2 years either with a triple-combination of DMARDs and prednisolone (PRD) (FIN-RACo), or with DMARD monotherapy and discretionary PRD (SINGLE) [1]. Throughout the follow-up the treatment was aimed at strict ACR remission so that in continuous disease activity all inflamed joints were to be injected with glucocorticoids and predefined treatment adjustments made. However, further analyses have shown heterogeneity in the activity of the participating physicians. Here we divided them into active (ACT) and non-active (non-ACT) as per their fidelity to following the protocol. According to the original randomization group and the physician's activity, we then formed 4 groups of patients: FIN-RACo+ACT, FIN-RACo+non-ACT, SINGLE+ACT, and SINGLE+non-ACT and analysed the strict ACR-remission rates at 6, 12, and 24 months in these sub-groups. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 178 patients (91%) were followed up for 2 years. The strict remission rates at 6, 12, and 24 months are presented in Figure. In a logistic regression analysis for the odds of being in remission at 2 years, only FIN-RACo treatment (OR 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4 to 5.5) and physician's activity (OR 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.0) were significant, while age, sex, rheumatoid factor positivity, or baseline disease activity were not. <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> In early RA, targeted treatment and combination DMARD therapy are equally and additively important for reaching remission. <h3>References</h3> Möttönen et al. Lancet. 1999;353:1568-73. Klarenbeek et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011;70:1039-46. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared