tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3798: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate and atorvastatin induce translocation of eGFP-LC3 in immortalized baby mouse kidney cells suggesting of a link between autophagy and apoptosis
Authors: Zhihong Yang, Bridget Huang, Anne M. Strohecker, Eileen White, Chung S. Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenolic compound in green tea, and atorvastatin (ATST), a commonly used cholesterol-lowing medication, have been reported to have cancer preventive activities and to induce cancer cell apoptosis. However, the mechanisms of these activities are still unclear. Here we report that EGCG and ATST could induce cell autophagy, which may be linked to the induction of cell apoptosis. In immortalized baby mouse kidney (iBMK) cells that overexpress eGFP-tagged LC3, EGCG at 3, 6 and 12 μM exhibited a dose-dependent induction of the translocation of eGFP-LC3, an indicator of the formation of autophagosomes, as observed by fluorescent microscopy. ATST at 2 and 4 μM also induced the translocation of eGFP-LC3. Western-blot analysis showed that 25 μM EGCG and 4 μM ATST treatment for 24 h induced the appearance of LC3-II, a higher migrating band, indicating the occurrence of autophagy. Beclin +/− iBMK cells also displayed autophagy upon treatment with 25 μM EGCG for 24h, but to a less extent as compared to Beclin +/+ cells. The induction of the appearance of eGFP-LC3 puncta could not be eliminated by addition of superoxide dismutase plus catalase, enzymes that were used to inhibit the auto-oxidation of EGCG and the production of reactive oxygen species. The results suggest that the induction of autophagy is not caused by EGCG auto-oxidation produced oxidative stress. ATST inhibited the proliferation of iBMK cells in 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays, but the inhibition was to a less extent in Beclin +/− cells as compared to Beclin +/+ cells. EGCG and ATST treatment resulted in an increase of cleaved caspase 3, a hallmark of cell apoptosis, and a decrease of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2. Beclin +/+ iBMK cells showed stronger and earlier induction of these apoptotic markers than Beclin +/− cells, indicating that induction of apoptotic marker is correlated to the ability of cells to produce autophagy. EGCG at 25 μM and ATST at 2 μM also induced the appearance of endogenous LC3-II in human colon cancer HCT116 cells. The induction of autophagy may be a key mechanism for EGCG and ATST to inhibit cancer growth and formation (This research is supported by NIH grants CA 120915 and CA 133021). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3798.
Incidental Detection of Pediatric Achalasia Cardia During Gastroesophageal Scintigraphy
Authors: Sasikumar Arun, Raja Senthil, Anish Bhattacharya, Babu Ram Thapa, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Scintigraphy is a simple technique for the demonstration of gastroesophageal reflux, and is particularly suitable in neonates and infants. The authors describe a rare case of achalasia cardia in a 3-year-old child incidentally detected as a dilated esophagus with a stricture at the lower end during a scintigraphic study.
Syrian doctor who gave medical aid to protesters dies in custody
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A Syrian doctor has who was deeply involved in coordinating efforts to provide medical help to injured people during Syria’s uprising has died in a Damascus prison.

Although Syrian officials have not confirmed a cause of death, relatives believe that Osama Baroudi, a 37 year old gastroenterologist who had diabetes and hypertension, was repeatedly tortured and denied medical assistance and food. Another doctor detained with Baroudi at the Saydnayha Prison has told the family that he died in a coma after refractory diarrhoea.

Authorities told the family of the …
Looking Forward to Serving You Every Week
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

N 1969, when I was a second-year medical student, my Introduction to Clinical Medicine instructor introduced me to the Journal.He said that if I read the Journal every week, I would not miss out on any advances in medicine.I took his advice and have had the Journal as a career companion ever since.I am not alone; almost a quarter of a million subscribers from countries around the world rely on the Journal every week for the information they need to provide the best care for their patients.It is with great humility and respect for my predecessors that I assume the job of editor-in-chief of this venerable journal.For those of you who are subscribers, I will do my best not only to maintain the current high quality but also to expand the Journal 's scope of coverage so that there will be something of interest to all elements of our diverse reading audience, from professors to practitioners, in each issue.For those of you who have yet to subscribe, especially resident physicians and medical students, this is an opportune moment to lock in a weekly source of very useful information.Our mission is to bring you the best information from research at the interface of biomedical science and clinical practice in an understandable and clinically useful format; we will do our best to fulfill this mission.The Journal is within a dozen years of completing its second century of service to the medical community.Although it is considered one of the preeminent biomedical publications in the world, both biomedicine and publishing are changing rapidly.The Journal must evolve to retain its position of strength as it prepares to enter its third century.I will outline here some of the challenges facing the Journal and provide an overview of how I plan to meet those challenges.My proposals represent a vision, not a blueprint.We will develop a program that will steer the Journal on a course of change, but the method of implementation must be evolutionary.Rather than change abruptly, the look and feel of the Journal will evolve gradually.Although many changes in medicine are coming, those that will have the greatest impact on medical practice and public health are advances in medical science.Thus, it is critical for the Journal to attract, review, and publish the most clinically meaningful scientific research.This is an important goal, and we are rededicating our efforts to achieve it.However, as medical science becomes more technically sophisticated, it is increasingly difficult for many health care professionals, especially those who have been out of an academic environment for any length of time, toThe New England Journal of Medicine Downloaded from nejm.org
CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX CAPACITY, HDL-PARTICLE NUMBER, AND INCIDENT CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS: RESULTS FROM THE JUPITER TRIAL
Authors: Amit V. Khera, Olga V. Demler, Steven J. Adelman, Heidi Collins, Robert Glynn, Paul Ridker, Daniel Rader, Samia Mora
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Three-Dimensional Localization of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Combined Emission and Transmission SPECT Data
Authors: HARTMUT LERCH, ANNA JIGALIN, KLAUS GASTHAUS, KIRSTEN KUNZE, OLIVER MAINUSCH, PERCY LEHMANN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Purpose With conventional planar imaging, preoperative anatomic localization of a sentinel lymph node is possible in only two dimensions. To improve spatial localization of sentinel lymph nodes, a dual-head camera equipped with a transmission source was used to create combined transmission–emission SPECT images in a patient with a malignant melanoma of the left forearm. Methods Lymph node scintigraphy was performed after injection of Tc-99m-labeled nanocolloid around the tumor site 1 day before operation. SPECT was performed using a gamma camera equipped with a transmission collimator system originally designed to correct attenuation. Transmission and emission images were created simultaneously, matched, and displayed in three dimensions. Results In the combined emission–transmission images, the sentinel lymph node was clearly located in the left axilla. The lymph nodes could be identified during operation at the same location as that detected by SPECT. Based on preoperative information, the sentinel lymph node was identified rapidly and the extent and duration of the operation were minimized. Conclusions This method provides better anatomic information, especially in deep structures such as the axilla or pelvis. With accurate three-dimensional preoperative information, intraoperative access is quicker and less invasive for the patient.
CHRONOLOGIC AND CLIMATIC FACTORS PRECIPITATE ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION: A STUDY OF 1642 PATIENTS IN TWO CONTINENTS
Authors: Wei-Guo Ma, Bin Li, Bulat Ziganshin, Wei Zhang, Long-Fei Wang, Abdullah E.H. Sarkar, Xu-Dong Pan, Ning-Ning Liu, Jun Zheng, Yong-Min Liu, Jun-Ming Zhu, Lian-Jun Huang, Li-Zhong Sun, John Elefteriades
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Purpura Hyperglobulinemia of Waldenström
Authors: Walter G. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

SINCE Waldenström's1 description of 3 cases of purpura hyperglobulinemia in 1943, the number of cases reported in the literature has been rapidly increasing. Recent observation of a case in the University of California Medical Center occasioned a critical review of the literature.Clinical PictureThe condition, one in which purpura and increased serum globulins coexist, has been described in adults of all ages. Typically, the purpura occurs on the lower extremities and is provoked by prolonged standing or walking or by wearing of tight garments. It also occurs on the arms (provoked by minor trauma or carrying of heavy objects) . . .
SP0055 Physical Therapy in Rheumatology - Interesting Studies
Authors: U. Lange
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Any treatment of rheumatic diseases without physical therapy (PT) is always incomplete, and PT can not be replaced by anything else. Furthermore, joint and spine mobility and function can only be obtained or improved by PT options. The underlying mechanisms of clinical improvement through PT are so far only partly known. Methods of molecular medicine now facilitate analysis of central mediators of the inflammatory process which include the interactions between bone cells and the immune system, and the effects of PT. Therefore, in this lecture the following selected studies are presented: 1. Acute haemodynamic response to carbon dioxide hand immersion in patients with systemic sclerosis evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography. Key messages: CO<sub>2</sub> hand immersion is a simple, inexpensive way to improve distal digital blood flow without any side effects. 2. The effects of manual mobilisation (MM) on the mobility of the thoracic spine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Key messages: MM of the thoracic spine promotes mobility, improves respiratory function and positively affects disease activity, functional, and global status. 3. Safety and efficacy of whole-body vibrations (WBV) as add-on therapy to pharmacological treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Key messages: WBV appears to be a valuable addition for the symptomatic treatment of low back pain and fall risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis. 4. Efficacy of intensive physical therapy in combination with low-dose etanercept (ETA) in active spondyloarthritis. Key messages: The concept of combining intensive physical therapy with low-dose administration of ETA was effective and therefore represents a useful alternative, especially in terms of cost savings. 5. The impact of serial low-dose radon and hyperthermia exposure (sRH) in a therapeutic adit on pivotal cytokines of bone metabolism and clinical parameters in ankylosing spondylitis. Key messages: sRH result in a reduction of osteocatabolic and an increase of osteoanabolic cytokine levels, which represents the molecular basis for inhibiting osteoclastic activity in secondary osteoporosis. Therefore, sRH results in significant long-term pain reduction for 6 months. In summary, it is possible to achieve a significant relief of rheumatic symptoms with PT. These studies demonstrate for the first time possible explanations for the efficacy of PT on the molecular level. The essential importance of PT in the multimodal treatment concept of rheumatic diseases is thus emphazied. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6153
Abstract 541: Cadmium activates translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) and p38 MAPK as possible pathways for prostate cancer cell aggressiveness
Authors: Gnasekar Munirathinam, Andre A. Kajdacsy-Balla, Sushma Kaul, Andrei Scumpu, Terrie Kucynda, Purvi Patel, Michelle Zheng, Paul F. Lindholm
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cadmium is a known cause of lung cancer, but in the prostate there is conflicting evidence for the role of cadmium as a causative agent in the prostate. Recent lines of evidence however suggest that cadmium overburden is associated with more aggressive prostate cancer. Since cadmium does not appear to cause direct genotoxic damage, its mechanism of action on cancer progression is not clear. Here we address the hypothesis that cadmium activates two key molecules: p38 MAP kinase and Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein (TCTP). The hypothesis was tested in in vitro with PC-3 prostate cancer cells and clinically relevant, sub micro molar concentrations of cadmium at various time points. Activation of p38 MAPK was analyzed using phospho- specific antibodies against p38 MAPK by western blot analysis. Results of this study showed that p38 MAPK was phosphorylated within 45 minutes following cadmium treatment. This activation of p38 MAPK by cadmium in PC-3 cells was inhibited TCTP in presence of a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580). This inhibitor also markedly attenuated cadmium-induced invasion and migration of PC-3 cells in Boyden chamber experiments. In addition, our mechanistic studies show that treatment of PC-3 cells with cadmium activated a novel stress related gene, namelyTCTP, which was recently identified as an anti-apoptotic protein and target for tumor reversion process. The cadmium- mediated expression of TCTP in PC-3 cells was confirmed by real time PCR and western blot analysis. From our previous experiments, we know that overexpression of TCTP in LNCaP prostate cancer cells enhanced its migratory rates in a Transwell chamber assay and we are now testing the role of TCTP in cadmium-induced PC-3 cells invasion. Thus, results of our study suggest that TCTP and p38 MAPK may have a prominent role in cadmium mediated cell migration and prostate cancer progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 541. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-541
Commentary: Activities of the Environmental Protection Agency concerning Phthalate Esters
Authors: Steven D. Newburg-Rinn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1982)

EPA's activities concerning phthalate esters have been in four general areas, namely: (1) their status as toxic pollutants under the Clean Water Act; (2) their status as "new chemicals" under Section 5 of TSCA; (3) the potential risk to human beings posed by DEHP; and (4) finally, the need for testing phthalates with respect to their health and environmental effects. Clean Water ActPursuant to Section 304(a)(1) of the Clean Water Act, EPA is required periodically to review and publish criteria for ambient water quality.
Abstract 5516: (R,R’)-4’-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol Inhibits GPR55 signaling and the modulation of motility in human cancer cells.
Authors: Rajib K. Paul, Artur Wnorowski, Isabel Gonzalez-Mariscal, Ruin Moaddel, Fred E. Indig, Irving W. Wainer, Michel Bernier
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract (R,R’)-4’-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol (MNF) promotes growth inhibition and apoptosis of human HepG2 hepatocarcinoma cells via cannabinoid receptor (CBR) activation. The synthetic CB1R inverse agonist, AM251, has been shown to block the anti-mitogenic effect of MNF in these cells; however, AM251 is also an agonist of the recently deorphanized, lipid-sensing receptor, GPR55, whose upregulation contributes to carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the role of GPR55 in MNF signaling in human HepG2 and PANC-1 cancer cell lines in culture, with a focus on internalization of the fluorescent ligand Tocrifluor 1117 (T1117), reorganization of actin cytoskeleton, and cell motility as measured by scratch assay. Control experiments indicated that GPR55 knockdown by RNA interference markedly reduced cellular uptake of T1117, a process that was sensitive to MNF inhibition. GPR55 internalization mediated by the atypical cannabinoid O-1602 was blocked by MNF in GPR55-expressing HEK293 cells. Pretreatment of HepG2 and PANC-1 cells with MNF significantly abrogated the induction of ERK phosphorylation in response to AM251, O-1602 and fetal bovine serum, known to contain bioactive lipids. Moreover, MNF exerted a coordinated regulation of AM251 and O-1602 inducible processes, including cell motility. This study shows for the first time that MNF impairs GPR55-mediated signaling and, therefore, may have therapeutic potential for the management of cancer. This work was supported entirely by the Intramural Research Program of the NIA, NIH. Citation Format: Rajib K. Paul, Artur Wnorowski, Isabel Gonzalez-Mariscal, Ruin Moaddel, Fred E. Indig, Irving W. Wainer, Michel Bernier. (R,R’)-4’-methoxy-1-naphthylfenoterol Inhibits GPR55 signaling and the modulation of motility in human cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5516. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5516
AB0901 Spondyloarthritis research consortium of canada (SAPRCC) enthesitis index in turkish as patients
Authors: Y. Zahiroglu, Y. Ulus, Y. Akyol, B. Tander, D. Durmus, A. Bilgici, O. Kuru
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Enthesitis is one of the assessment parameters of the patients with Ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Many indexes are used in the evaluation of the severity of enthesitis and there are several studies investigating the relationship between severity of enthesitis and clinical and laboratory parameters. Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada Enthesitis (SPARCC) index is feasible and reliable for measurement of enthesitis severity. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between SPARCC index and disease activity and health related quality of life (QoL) in patients with AS. <h3>Methods</h3> Eighty six AS patients were included in the study. Pain by visual analogue scale (pain VAS-rest and activity), disease activity by Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), functional capacity by Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), enthesitis severity by SPARCC index, QoL by short form-36 (SF-36), and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) were assessed in patients. In the laboratory evaluations, the erythrocyte sedimentation rates (ESR) and serum C-reactive protein levels of the patients were determined. Descriptive statistics and Spearman tests were used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> All participants were aged between 18 and 65 years, with a mean age of 36.9±11.13 years. The most frequent region of enthesopaties was Achilles tendon insertion into calcaneum (55.8%). SPARCC index was significantly correlated with pain VAS-rest, BASDAI, and BASFI (p&lt;0.001). There was also positive correlation between SPARCC index and pain VAS-activity (p&lt;0.05). There was no relation between SPARCC index and BASMI or laboratory parameters (p&gt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The clinical assessment of enthesitis in AS is an important outcome measure, and enthesitis indexes such as SPARCC enthesitis index can be valuable tool in the evaluation of disease activity in patients with AS. <h3>References</h3> WP Maksymowych, C Mallon, S Morrow, et al. Development and validation of the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) Enthesitis Index. Ann Rheum Dis 2009 68: 948-53. Turan Y, Duruöz MT, Cerrahoglu L. Relationship between enthesitis, clinical parameters and quality of life in spondyloarthritis. Joint Bone Spine 2009; 76: 642–7. Laatiris A, Amine B, Ibn Yacoub Y. Enthesitis and its relationships with disease parameters in Moroccan patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Rheumatol Int 2010; 10.1007/s00296-010-1658-0. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Tumors of Salivary-Gland Origin
Authors: Grantley W. Taylor, Gerald G. Garcelon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THIS report summarizes the experience with tumors of salivary-gland origin observed at the Massachusetts General Hospital from 1930 to 1941, inclusive, and at the Pondville State Cancer Hospital from 1927 to 1941, inclusive. Table 1 presents the distribution of the cases.The relative frequency of carcinoma and mixed tumors of the parotid and submaxillary salivary glands is unusually high in this series of cases as shown in Table 1. This is due to the fact that more carcinomas than mixed tumors of the parotid and submaxillary salivary glands were observed at the Pondville State Cancer Hospital during the period studied. A truer incidence . . .
PLATELET TO LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IS AN INDEPENDENT RISK FACTOR OF CONTRAST INDUCED NEPHROPATHY IN PATIENTS WITH ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION UNDERGOING PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Gaetano M. De Ferrari, Stefano Cornara, Alberto Somaschini, Raniero Covi, Andrea Baldo, Rita Camporotondo, Gabriele Crimi, Marco Ferlini, Silvia Pica, Maurizio Ferrario
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Detecting Recurrent Gallbladder Carcinoma
Authors: Rakesh Kumar, Punit Sharma, Anita Kumari, Dhanapathi Halanaik, Arun Malhotra
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

The present study was aimed to determine the efficacy of integrated FDG PET/CT in patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC) with suspicion of recurrent disease.A total of 49 patients (male: 15, female: 34; median age: 52.5 years) with GBC underwent FDG PET/CT for suspected recurrence. A total of 62 PET/CT scans were acquired. Criteria for detection by PET/CT were both a positive FDG uptake and the correct anatomic localization of the tumor. The PET/CT findings were grouped as locoregional disease and metastatic disease. Results of PET/CT were compared with clinical and radiologic follow-up and/or histopathology. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were calculated. Results of PET/CT were also compared with conventional imaging (CI) whenever available.Of 62 PET/CT, 43 (69.4%) were positive and 19 (30.6%) were negative for recurrence. Of 43 positive scans, 41 were true positive and 2 were false positive. Among 19 negative PET/CT scans, 18 were true negative and 1 was false negative. PET/CT showed a sensitivity of 97.6% and specificity of 90% in detecting tumor recurrence. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 95.3%, 94.7%, and 95.1%, respectively. Locoregional disease was seen in 16 (37.2%) PET/CT studies, distant metastases were seen in 13 (30.2%), and 14 (32.5%) studies showed both locoregional disease and metastasis. When comparable CI was available, PET/CT showed a better specificity than CI for detection of recurrence.Integrated FDG PET/CT can detect recurrence in GBC with high sensitivity and specificity. Routine use of PET/CT in these patients will detect recurrence early and change the subsequent management.