tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Can PSA testing stop 10 years after radical prostatectomy?
Authors: S. Loeb, Z. Feng, A. Ross, B. J. Trock, E. B. Humphreys, P. C. Walsh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

179 Background: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) most frequently occurs within the first five years following radical prostatectomy. Prior studies have suggested an association between lower-risk disease features and BCR at 5 years postoperatively. The objective of our study was to determine predictors of BCR ≥10 years after radical prostatectomy, and to examine the relationship between timing of BCR with the subsequent risk of metastases and cancer-specific mortality. Methods: Among 10,609 men from our institutional radical prostatectomy database, we identified 1684 men with BCR (PSA &gt;0.2 ng/ml) without prior hormonal or radiation therapy. These men were classified into by the time of BCR: early (&lt;5 years), intermediate (5-10 years), and late (&gt;10 years). Univariable and multivariable models were used to examine the association of clinico-pathologic variables with the timing of BCR. We also examined metastasis-free and cancer-specific survival based upon the timing of BCR. Results: Of BCR, 77.0%, 16.6%, 4.9%, and 1.5% occurred at &lt;5, 5-10, 10-15, and &gt;15 years postoperatively. Late recurrences were associated with more favorable pathologic features, and were unlikely to develop metastases or prostate cancer-specific mortality. Conclusions: The majority of BCR occurs within 10 years of surgery. Although 6.4% of BCR occurred at ≥10 years, these patients were unlikely to subsequently develop metastases or die from prostate cancer. Patients who remain free from progression at 10 years postoperatively should be counseled that their risk of subsequent cancer-related morbidity and mortality is low. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tailored Low Dose Lenalidomide with Low Dose Dexamethasone (len/dex) in Previously Treated Patients with Multiple Myeloma Older Than 70 Years Requiring Treatment.
Authors: Angel Ruedas, Ricardo Perez, Valentin Garcia, Alicia Smucler, Pilar Bravo, Joaquin Martinez, Pilar Sabin, Pablo Guisado, Carlos Montalban
Journal: Blood (2009)
Effect of Wnt signaling protein (Wisp2/CCN5) on angiogenesis and invasion in prostate cancer.
Authors: Yasunobu Hashimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

227 Background: The Wnt-Induced Signaling Protein-2 (Wisp-2 /CCN5) is a secreted protein implicated in modification of extracellular matrix, invasion, and angiogenesis. The regulation of Wisp-2 and its function in CaP is poorly explored although it is highly expressed in advanced CaP cells. We discovered recently that a pro-inflammatory chemokine, Interleukin-8 (IL-8) strongly modulates Wisp2 expression in CaP cells. Since IL-8 is a major effecter of inflammatory pathway, we investigated the physiological consequence of Wisp-2 modulation in CaP cells. We hypothesised that Wisp-2 is a down-stream effector of IL-8 induced angiogenesis and invasion. Methods: Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to determine the expression of Wisp-2 mRNA and other mRNA in prostate epithelial and cancer cells. Wisp-2 mediated-VEGF secretion was determined by ELISA and endothelial tube formation assay using human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC). Invasive activity and their attributes were determined using gelatin-zymography for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and Matrigel invasion assay. Results: Wisp2 RNA was strongly expressed in two highly metastatic CaP cell lines, DU145 and PC-3 and moderately in less invasive LAPC4 and LNCaP cells. Constitutive autocrine expression or external addition of IL-8 increased Wisp-2 mRNA by ≥15.2 times in LNCaP, and 7.4 times in LAPC4 cells. Depleting Wisp-2 by RNA interference caused 82% reduction of Wisp2 in DU145, and 75% in PC-3. Depletion of Wisp2 did not affect cell proliferation in DU145 and PC3 but it reduced expression of VEGF mRNA by 64% in DU145 and 43% in PC3. Secreted VEGF protein in cultures of DU145 and PC-3 cells showed a decrease of 62% in DU145 and 30% in PC3. Condition medium of Wisp-2 depleted DU145 cell cultures showed 20% decrease in proliferation and vessel formation activity in HUVEC cells. Further, Wisp-2 depletion in DU145 cells resulted in significant decrease in chemoinvasion activity (28%) and secretion of MMP-9 (25%). Conclusions: These results show that Wisp2 is down stream effector of IL-8 and is an important modulator, affecting extracellular matrix to stimulate angiogenesis and invasiveness in CaP cells. Suppression of Wisp-2 in CaP may reduce their metastatic potential.
Shared Decision Making Regarding Aspirin in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease—Reply
Authors: Samia Mora, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Belinostat (PXD101) in Patients with Recurrent or Refractory Peripheral or Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma: Results of a Phase II Study.
Authors: Ranjana Advani, K. Hymes, B. Pohlman, E. Jacobsen, J. McDonnell, R. Belt, A. Lerner, Y. Kim, R. Mundis, T. Mansfield, P. Buhl-Jensen, C.E. Ooi, M. Duvic, F. Foss
Journal: Blood (2007)
Woman denied abortion in Ireland is offered €30 000 compensation
Authors: Muiris Houston
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The Irish government will not make a commitment to change Ireland’s abortion laws when it makes a formal reply to the United Nations on the case of a woman whom a UN body ruled had suffered cruel and inhuman treatment due to the ban on abortion.

The government has offered €30 000 in compensation to Amanda Mellet, who was …
C-reactive protein kinetics superior to radiographic response as a surrogate endpoint for survival in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: M. Tatokoro, K. Saito, Y. Fujii, Y. Komai, F. Koga, H. Masuda, S. Kawakami, K. Kihara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

333 Background: As cytokines and targeted agents against advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC) are considered to achieve high stable disease (SD) rate rather than objective response (OR) by radiographic measurement, we often face the therapeutic dilemma in deciding whether to continue the ongoing treatment and when to change it. Therefore, other valid surrogate endpoints have been desired. We have previously demonstrated C-reactive protein (CRP) kinetics could predict prognosis of pts with aRCC (Eur Urol. 2009:1145-53). Methods: This study was performed on 56 pts with aRCC (metastatic: 54, unresectable: 2) enrolled in a phase II trial of interferon-alpha, cimetidine, COX-2 inhibitor and renin-angiotensin-system inhibitor (I-CCA; Cancer Sci. in press). CRP levels were measured at pretreatment, thereafter almost every visit. Pts were divided into 3 groups according to CRP kinetics. Pts whose pretreatment CRP levels were &lt; 5 mg/l were assigned to nonelevated group. Pts whose pretreatment CRP levels were &gt; 5 mg/l but normalized (&lt; 5 mg/l) at least one time during I-CCA were assigned to normalized group. Pts whose CRP level never decreased to normal level were assigned to non-normalized group. Radiographic response was assessed by WHO criteria; survivals were estimated by Kaplan–Meier method and prognostic factors were assessed by Cox's proportional hazard model. Results: Median follow-up was 26 mo. An OR and clinical benefit rate to I-CCA were 20 and 64%, respectively. The median progression-free and overall survival (OS) was 12 and 45 mo, respectively. The median OS was 74, 83 and 13 mo in in non-elevated (n=26), normalized (n=16) and non-normalized (n=14) group, respectively (p&lt;0.0001). Of the 25 pts achieving SD, CRP kinetics was independent prognostic factor for OS (p&lt;0.0001). Of the pts whose pretreatment CRP was elevated, all pts achieving OR had CRP normalization and multivariate analysis revealed CRP normalization was independent prognostic factor for OS (p=0.0008), whereas achieving OR was not (p=0.19). Conclusions: CRP kinetics compares favorably with objective response to systemic therapy as a valid surrogate endpoint for survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
David Oliver: Awkward questions about NHS management consultancy
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2016)

BerkshireIn 2014 I sent a freedom of information request to the Department of Health that was potentially awkward for the government.It was about NHS spending on management consultancy. 1Despite the NHS efficiency drive and a 2010 ministerial pledge to reduce these costs by 45%, yearly spending on consultants doubled in 2010-14 from £313m to £640m. 2 This made the national press, 3 4 but the health and care sector hasn't got over its addiction to consultancy.
Physician experience and challenges obtaining unfunded oral chemotherapy across Canada.
Authors: D. Han, S. Hogeveen, M. Trinkaus, M. Mamdani, S. R. Berry, R. W. Jang, J. Hoch, C. E. Simmons
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

155 Background: Previous studies have shown hematologists and medical oncologists may not accept the financial limits set by governing agencies on access to oral chemotherapy for their patients. This requires increased time and effort on the clinician’s part to obtain funding. We captured physicians’ perceptions of barriers to obtaining unfunded chemotherapies and methods used to overcome these barriers. Methods: A total of 640 medical oncologists and hematologists were surveyed using a web-based survey tool. A thirteen-item survey was designed to assess the practice type along with time spent and methods used on obtaining unfunded oral chemotherapy. Results: Of the 640 invitees, 568 were delivered and 168 responded (response rate 30%). 91 respondents were medical oncologists, 44 were hematologists and 33 treated both solid and non-solid malignancies. 65% of physicians spent an average of 1-4 hours obtaining funding for oral drugs for patients per week. 62% indicated their institution has a drug access coordinator (DAC). Having a DAC did not impact the proportion of physicians spending &gt;4 hrs/ week accessing oral drugs (38% vs 29%, p=NS). To overcome barriers to funding, physicians’ enrolled patients on clinical trials (91%), used compassionate access programs (96%) or special request forms to government (92%). Other methods included writing false claims on forms to fit funding criteria for a drug (36%) or use of leftover drug supplies (36%). The majority of physicians felt that their inability to obtain unfunded medications for their patients has negatively impacted patients’ clinical outcomes (56%) and psychosocial quality of life (74%). Of all respondents, only 28% of physicians contacted their governing body with concerns of funding for oral chemotherapy. Conclusions: Practicing hematologists and medical oncologists in Canada use numerous methods to obtain unfunded oral chemotherapies, including lying on access forms. Overall, the majority of physicians spend 1-4 hours a week on obtaining funding; this did not differ for physicians with or without a DAC at their practice. Despite the challenges in accessing oral chemotherapies, most physicians have not contacted governing bodies for legislative change.
Expression of Ribosomal Protein S6 (R6SP) and Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E Binding Protein 1 (EIF4EBP1) Is Correlated in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and Is Highly Prognostic, Especially in NPM1 and FLT3 Wildtype Patients
Authors: Steven M. Kornblau, Chenyue W Hu, Yihua Qiu, Suk Young Yoo, Rebecca A Murray, Nitin Jain, Yesid Alvarado, Kevin Coombes, Amina A Qutub
Journal: Blood (2014)
QT Interval Effects and M-Protein Response in a Phase 1 Study of Siltuximab (Anti-IL-6 Monoclonal Antibody) in Patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance, Smoldering Multiple Myeloma, or Indolent Multiple Myeloma.
Authors: Sheeba K. Thomas, Alexander Suvorov, Lucien Noens, Oleg Rukavitsin, Joseph Fay, Ka Lung Wu, Todd M Zimmerman, Helgi van de Velde, Rajesh Bandekar, Thomas A Puchalski, Ming Qi, Clarissa Uhlar, Olga S Samoilova
Journal: Blood (2012)
South Africa’s Supreme Court overturns ruling allowing physician assisted suicide
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The South African Supreme Court of Appeal has reversed a decision of the High Court that would have allowed physician assisted suicide.

The High Court decision in 2015 had allowed the wishes of Robin Stransham-Ford, a barrister with terminal cancer, to have doctor administered medicine to end his life.1 The application was backed by Dignity SA, an organisation that lobbies for physician assisted suicide. Stransham-Ford died just two hours before the order was granted, but the High Court proceeded with the judgment, which substantially changed South African criminal law in the …
Blocking type I interferon signaling enhances T cell recovery and reduces HIV-1 reservoirs
Authors: Liang Cheng, Jianping Ma, Jingyun Li, Dan Li, Guangming Li, Feng Li, Qing Zhang, Haisheng Yu, Fumihiko Yasui, Chaobaihui Ye, Li-Chung Tsao, Zhiyuan Hu, Lishan Su, Liguo Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Despite the efficient suppression of HIV-1 replication that can be achieved with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), low levels of type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling persist in some individuals. This sustained signaling may impede immune recovery and foster viral persistence. Here we report studies using a monoclonal antibody to block IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR) signaling in humanized mice (hu-mice) that were persistently infected with HIV-1. We discovered that effective cART restored the number of human immune cells in HIV-1–infected hu-mice but did not rescue their immune hyperactivation and dysfunction. IFNAR blockade fully reversed HIV-1–induced immune hyperactivation and rescued anti–HIV-1 immune responses in T cells from HIV-1–infected hu-mice. Finally, we found that IFNAR blockade in the presence of cART reduced the size of HIV-1 reservoirs in lymphoid tissues and delayed HIV-1 rebound after cART cessation in the HIV-1–infected hu-mice. We conclude that low levels of IFN-I signaling contribute to HIV-1–associated immune dysfunction and foster HIV-1 persistence in cART-treated hosts. Our results suggest that blocking IFNAR may provide a potential strategy to enhance immune recovery and reduce HIV-1 reservoirs in individuals with sustained elevations in IFN-I signaling during suppressive cART.
Capecitabine (Cap) monotherapy in anthracycline (A)/taxane (T)-pretreated MBC.
Authors: C. Zielinski, D. Miles, J. L. Blum, C. H. Barrios
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e11515 Background: More than a decade ago Cap gained regulatory approval as monotherapy for the treatment of pts with MBC after failure of A/T or for whom further A therapy is not chosen. We evaluate current evidence for Cap in this setting. Methods: We reviewed data for Cap (1,000–1,250mg/m2 bid) in A-/T-pretreated MBC from phase II/III randomized studies as a single agent and as a comparator/combination partner for novel agents. Results: Data from 4 phase III trials (n=1,463) and 5 phase II trials (n=548) of Cap monotherapy for A-/T-pretreated MBC showed median OS to be ~12 months (range: 10.1–24.6 months). Median TTP/PFS ranged from 3.1 to 5.1 months across the studies, and ORRs ranged from 15% to 29%. In phase III trials, Cap had superior efficacy to sunitinib, significantly so for PFS (p=0.002) (table), and Cap monotherapy was comparable to vinorelbine (V) + gemcitabine (G) combination therapy (OS: p=0.7; TTP: p=0.6). In combination with biologics, Cap + trastuzumab (Cap-H) (PFS: p=0.026; OS: p=0.76; ORR: p=0.01) or lapatinib (Cap-L) (TTP: p=0.008; OS: p=ns; ORR: p=0.017) had superior efficacy to Cap alone in 2 phase III trials of HER2+ MBC. Superior efficacy was also shown in a phase III study of Cap + ixabepilone (Cap-Ix) vs Cap alone (PFS: p=0.0003; ORR: p<0.0001) and in a phase IIb study of Cap + sorafenib (Cap-S) vs Cap + placebo (Cap-Pl) (PFS: p=0.03). The control arms of these studies produced comparable results to other Cap monotherapy studies. In a phase III study, eribulin had significant OS benefit vs physician’s choice (HR 0.81, p=0.04); pts receiving prior Cap showed particular OS benefit (HR 0.77). Results from a non-interventional study of Cap in routine clinical practice (n=542) confirmed the data from randomized trials. Conclusions: Cap monotherapy provides consistent OS benefit in A-/T-pretreated MBC and remains the standard of care in this setting. Study Pts, n Median OS, months Median PFS/TTP, months ORR, % Cap vs sunitinib 244 vs 38 24.6 vs 15.3 4.2 vs 2.8 16.0 vs 11.0 Cap vs V-G 54 vs 60 14.6 vs 12.5 5.0 vs 3.7 24.1 vs 28.3 Cap-H vs Cap 78 vs 78 25.5 vs 20.4 8.2 vs 5.6 48.0 vs 27.0 Cap-L vs Cap 198 vs 201 17.0 vs 15.2 5.5 vs 4.2 24.0 vs 14.0 Cap-S vs Cap-Pl 51 vs 65* – 5.7 vs 4.1 – Cap-Ix vs Cap 368 vs 369 12.9 vs 11.1 5.8 vs 4.2 35.0 vs 14.0 * Second-line MBC only.
Lethal Properties of a Rapidly Polymerizing Adhesive
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correlation of elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treated with docetaxel chemotherapy: Results of SWSW Uro-oncology Group study from three U.K. centers.
Authors: A. K. Bahl, G. Bertelli, P. D. Lewis, P. Jenkins, A. Aziz, P. J. Davies, R. Persad, C. G. Smith, K. Hurley, M. D. Mason
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

206 Background: Treatment with docetaxel in CRPC based on the results of the TAX 327 study has been recommended by NICE guidance in UK. Paucity of UK data on any significant difference in median survival of CRPC patients receiving chemotherapy with normal or elevated ALP is a possible contributory factor to the delayed consideration of chemotherapy in CRPC. We therefore analysed differences in survival in metastatic CRPC patients with normal or elevated ALP treated with docetaxel chemotherapy in 3 cancer centres in UK with a contemporary referral population. Methods: Survival data were collected on consecutive cases of metastatic CRPC treated with at least 1 cycle of docetaxel chemotherapy in these 3 centres. Variables analysed included: presence or absence of pain, PSADT, Gleason score, Haemoglobin, Alkaline phosphatase and number of previous lines of hormone therapy. Results: Median overall survival in 170 eligible patients was 18.1 months (15.3-20.7) with median follow-up of 30.1 months. 84 cases had normal ALP and 86 cases had elevated ALP at time of commencing docetaxel chemotherapy. Median survival was 14.1 months (95% CI= 11.1-17.1) in the elevated ALP group and 22.2 months (95% CI= 17.5- 26.9) in the normal ALP group. The difference between group medians was significant (p&lt;0.001). In multivariate analysis, elevated ALP was a significant prognostic factor for outcome after docetaxel chemotherapy in metastatic CRPC. Conclusions: Regular monitoring of ALP along with PSA monitoring can be a relatively simple way of ensuring that patients with metastatic CRPC are referred for chemotherapy appropriately. To our knowledge this is the first UK data on the impact of ALP level on survival in this group of patients after docetaxel chemotherapy. It is important that decision regarding chemotherapy is based on the parameters of disease progression and regular ALP monitoring may be a relatively simple and practical way of ensuring the right timescales for referral for chemotherapy in metastatic CRPC. [Table: see text]
Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Kristina R. Dahlstrom, Karen. S. Anderson, Erich M. Sturgis
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal