tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ТЕЗИСЫ XIV РОССИЙСКОГО КОНГРЕССА «ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ПЕДИАТРИИ И ДЕТСКОЙ ХИРУРГИИ» С МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМ УЧАСТИЕМ
Authors: статья Редакционная
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

ТЕЗИСЫ XIV РОССИЙСКОГО КОНГРЕССА «ИННОВАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ В ПЕДИАТРИИ И ДЕТСКОЙ ХИРУРГИИ» С МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМ УЧАСТИЕМ
Endosonographic Diagnosis of Duodenal Diverticulum Mimicking a Pancreatic Tumor
Authors: P.  Born, T.  Rösch
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Figure 1 A 79-year-old woman presented for evaluation of a pancreatic head mass lesion that had been evident on abdominal ultrasound, which had been performed because of nonspecific upper abdominal pain. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) initially visualized an inhomogeneous, partially echo-free lesion in the periampullary area next to the duodenal wall.
Abstract P6-13-07: The taccalonolides are novel microtubule stabilizers that covalently bind tubulin and have <i>in vivo</i> efficacy in drug resistant tumors
Authors: AL Risinger, J Li, R Benavides, JG Kuhn, SL Mooberry
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Some of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of breast cancer are microtubule stabilizers. However, there are limitations to their clinical efficacy, including inherent and acquired drug resistance. All microtubule stabilizers that are currently approved for clinical use bind within the taxane pocket on β-tubulin in a reversible manner. The taccalonolides are a novel class of microtubule stabilizers that have a similar profile of microtubule stabilization as the taxanes, but circumvent drug resistance mediated by expression of drug efflux pumps, mutations in the taxane binding site, or overexpression of the βIII isotype of tubulin. We have shown that one important difference between the taccalonolides and clinically approved microtubule stabilizers is that the taccalonolides form a covalent bond to β-tubulin. This distinct interaction allows for irreversible binding, which explains their ability to avoid drug efflux mechanisms and likely belies their exquisite potency in in vivo antitumor models which allows for delivery in aqueous solvents. Serum stability and binding studies, microsomal clearance and pharmacokinetic analysis were performed with both taccalonolides AF and AJ to more fully understand the properties of this class of compounds. We found that both taccalonolides had low microsomal intrinsic clearance rates with no evidence of serum binding and had half-lives similar to paclitaxel in vivo. Like other microtubule targeted agents, taccalonolide AF has a narrow therapeutic window with antitumor effects accompanied by body weight loss. Interestingly, direct injection of taccalonolide AF into a xenograft tumor was highly effective with no associated toxicities at low doses, indicating that targeted delivery to the tumor would greatly increase the efficacy and decrease toxicities. To this end, efforts to promote the targeted delivery of taccalonolide AF to the tumor are being evaluated. Citation Format: Risinger AL, Li J, Benavides R, Kuhn JG, Mooberry SL. The taccalonolides are novel microtubule stabilizers that covalently bind tubulin and have in vivo efficacy in drug resistant tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-13-07.
Wellness centres: an important but overlooked source of Legionnaires’ disease. Eight years of source investigation in the Netherlands, 1 August 2002 to 1 August 2010
Authors: S M Euser, J P Bruin, W van der Hoek, W A Schop, J W den Boer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Visiting wellness centres is considered safe and relaxing and might provide health benefits for visitors with certain cardiovascular, dermatological or respiratory diseases. On the other hand, wellness centres could pose health risks, especially with respect to Legionnaires’ disease. We investigated the role of wellness centres in the occurrence of Legionnaires’ disease by analysing the data of eight years (2002–2010) of source investigation in the Netherlands. There were 15 wellness centres identified as potential sources of infection for a total of 35 Legionnaires’ disease patients. Twelve of these centres were positive for Legionella spp.: six for Legionella pneumophila, six for non-pneumophila Legionella spp.. Of the 65 positive environmental samples found during the wellness centre investigations, 41 were derived from shower heads. For two centres, the Legionella pneumophila strains in the collected samples had a genotype that was indistinguishable from the patient isolates. These results show that wellness centres are potential sources of Legionnaires’ disease.
Racial and geographic differences in the psychopathology of schizophrenia
Authors: V R Adebimpe, C C Chu, H E Klein, M H Lange
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors compared the psychopathology of black and white and of rural and urban schizophrenic patients. Using a structured interview, psychiatrists rated 273 schizophrenic patients consecutively admitted to seven hospitals and mental health centers over 3 1/2 years. Results indicate that important symptoms were more severe in black than in white schizophrenic patients: black patients were more angry, impulsive, hallucinating, dysphoric, and asocial. A greater number of important symptoms were found to be more intense in rural than in urban schizophrenic patients: rural patients were more angry, aggressive, silly, negativistic, and uncooperative, but urban patients were more anxious, rigid, ambivalent, and asocial.
Global epidemiology of avian influenza A H5N1 virus infection in humans, 1997–2015: a systematic review of individual case data
Authors: Shengjie Lai, Ying Qin, Benjamin J Cowling, Xiang Ren, Nicola A Wardrop, Marius Gilbert, Tim K Tsang, Peng Wu, Luzhao Feng, Hui Jiang, Zhibin Peng, Jiandong Zheng, Qiaohong Liao, Sa Li, Peter W Horby, Jeremy J Farrar, George F Gao, Andrew J Tatem, Hongjie Yu
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)
Abstract IA14: Noncoding RNAs of viral and cellular origin: Links to oncogenesis
Authors: Joan A. Steitz, Nara Lee, Walter N. Moss, Therese A. Yario, Anna Vilborg, Maria C. Passarelli, Kazimierz T. Tycowski
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract EBER2 is a highly abundant nuclear noncoding RNA expressed by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Probing its possible chromatin localization by Capture Hybridization Analysis of RNA Targets (CHART) revealed EBER2's presence at the terminal repeats (TRs) of the latent EBV genome, overlapping previously identified binding sites for the important B-cell transcription factor PAX5. EBER2 interacts with and is required for PAX5 localization to the TRs. Knockdown of EBER2 or PAX5 decreases EBV lytic replication, underscoring the essential role of the TRs in viral replication, which is known to be linked to the onset of EBV-associated tumors. Recruitment of the EBER2-PAX5 complex is mediated by base pairing between EBER2 and nascent transcripts from the TR locus. The interaction is evolutionarily conserved in the related primate herpesvirus CeHV15 despite great sequence divergence in both EBER2 and the TRs. Using base pairing with nascent transcripts to guide an interacting transcription factor to its DNA target site in chromatin is a previously undescribed function for a trans-acting noncoding RNA. We have uncovered a novel transcript type derived from human protein-coding genes that is represented by thousands of examples genome-wide. These RNAs, which we call DoGs for downstream of gene containing transcripts, are inducible by osmotic stress through an IP3 receptor signaling-dependent pathway, indicating active regulation. DoGs possess long non-coding regions (often &amp;gt;45 kb) and remain chromatin bound. Their levels are increased by decreased termination of the upstream transcript, a previously undescribed mechanism for rapid transcript induction. Relative depletion of polyA signals in DoG regions correlates with increased levels of DoGs after osmotic stress. DoGs may play a role in reinforcing the nuclear scaffold after stress. 1. Lee, N., Moss, W., Yario, T., Steitz, J.A. (2015). An EBV noncoding RNA binds nascent RNA to drive host PAX5 to viral DNA. Cell 160, 607-618. 2. Vilborg, A., Passarelli, M.C., Yario, T.A., Tycowski, K.T. and Steitz, J.A. (2014). Widespread inducible transcription downstream of human genes. Mol. Cell. 59, 449-461. Citation Format: Joan A. Steitz, Nara Lee, Walter N. Moss, Therese A. Yario, Anna Vilborg, Maria C. Passarelli, Kazimierz T. Tycowski. Noncoding RNAs of viral and cellular origin: Links to oncogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr IA14.
Urinary tract abnormalities due to chronic psychogenic polydipsia
Authors: A Blum, G W Friedland
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Of 10 patients who excreted urine with low specific gravity and had chronic psychogenic polydipsia, five had urinary tract abnormalities, ranging from large bladders with large postvoid residuals to severe hydronephrosis, renal back pressure atrophy, and renal failure.
Cancer Patient Survival and Erythropoietin
Authors: John A. Glaspy
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2005)

Cancer patients are frequently anemic. Treatment of anemic patients with erythropoiesis-stimulating proteins (ESPs) such as epoetin and darbepoetin is associated with benefits that include a reduced transfusion risk and improved quality of life. The recent reports of two randomized trials in which ESP treatment was associated with a decreased survival raised valid concerns regarding the safety of these agents in oncology practice. Reports of erythropoietin receptors on non-hematologic human tumor cells have increased the level of concern and provided a relatively simple model for the effects of ESPs on tumor progression and resistance to treatment. This article reviews available data, which lead to a number of conclusions: 1) the two trials suggesting a negative impact on survival have serious methodologic issues that may compromise interpretation; 2) when used to treat rather than prevent anemia in cancer patients, ESPs show no significant negative impact on survival outcomes; 3) with the exception of erythroleukemia cell lines, the presence of functional erythropoietin receptors on human tumor cells has not been conclusively shown; and 4) a sound theoretical basis exists, supported by preclinical evidence, that any effect of ESP therapy on tumor outcomes may depend on baseline hemoglobin levels, with different effects when anemic and non-anemic individuals are treated. For the present, it is prudent to withhold ESP therapy unless hemoglobin concentrations fall below 12 g/dL and to titrate treatment to maintain a target of 12 g/dL, with adjustments in therapy to insure that levels do not exceed 13 g/dL.
Sixty seconds on . . . gardening
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

You may scoff, but a new UK report (http://bit.ly/1TEIPk8) has found that putting the rake and secateurs to use improves mental and physical health at all ages.

It’s by the well respected think tank the King’s Fund, which usually concerns itself with thornier issues such as the NHS deficit and health policy.

The report admits that few randomised controlled trials have looked at gardening, but it’s hard …
Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Induces Expression of Heparin-Binding Epidermal Growth Factor–Like Growth Factor/Diphtheria Toxin Receptor and Sensitivity to Diphtheria Toxin in Human Neutrophils
Authors: Fabrizio Vinante, Martina Marchi, Antonella Rigo, Patrizia Scapini, Giovanni Pizzolo, Marco A. Cassatella
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract P6-02-01: Screening mammography in women over age 75: Is it beneficial?
Authors: SP Cate, MK Kohli, A Gillego, M Chadha, T Fulop, SK Boolbol
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: In 2015 the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) stated that there was insufficient evidence for the use of screening mammography in women aged 75 and older. This statement was based on the lack of randomized controlled trials demonstrating survival benefit in this population. As per the American College of Radiology, the acceptable cancer detection rate via screening mammography is at least 2.5 cases per 1000 examinations for an institution, with reported rates as high as 4.7 cases per 1000. Aim: In this study, we sought to examine our institution's practice of screening mammography for women 75 years and older. We aimed to determine the incidence of cancer detection in this age group through screening mammography. Methods: A search was performed to identify women aged 75 and above who underwent screening mammography at Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2014. Patients classified as BIRADS 0 on initial screening were reclassified based on their subsequent diagnostic imaging, if performed. A chart review was performed for those patients who underwent breast biopsies to obtain their pathology results. Results: In this two year period, 2057 patients aged 75 and older underwent screening mammography. The majority of women in this age group had non-actionable results of their screening mammography, and were classified as BIRADS 1 or 2 (96%). There were a total of 49 patients who had BIRADS 3 final results (2.4%). Twenty-two patients had screening mammograms that were classified as BIRADS 4 (1.1%). Biopsies revealed 6 invasive ductal carcinomas, 4 cases of in situ carcinoma, 2 cases of duct ectasia, 2 intraductal papillomas, 3 fibrocystic biopsies, and 3 fibroadenomas. In total, 10 of 2057 patients were diagnosed with breast cancer (0.5%). Mammography results from 2013-2014Final radiologic classificationNumber of patientsPercent of populationBIRADS 182940.3%BIRADS 2114755.7%BIRADS 3492.4%BIRADS 4221.1%BIRADS 500%BIRADS 0100.5%Total screening mammograms2057 Conclusions: In our institution, 98.4% of women aged 75 and older had screening mammography with benign results. Ten women in this group were found to have breast cancer. The breast cancer detection rate in this cohort was 4.9 per 1000 screening examinations, which is nearly double the cited recommendation put forth by the American College of Radiology. These results are certainly relevant when considering appropriateness of annual screening mammography in this age group. Citation Format: Cate SP, Kohli MK, Gillego A, Chadha M, Fulop T, Boolbol SK. Screening mammography in women over age 75: Is it beneficial?. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-02-01.
Localization of Radioiodinated Antibodies in Rats Bearing Tumors Induced by N-2-Fluorenylacetamide23
Authors: Eugene D. Day, Jakob A. Planinsek, David Pressman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Localization of Radioiodinated Antibodies in Rats Bearing Tumors Induced by N-2-Fluorenylacetamide Get access Eugene D. Day, Eugene D. Day Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jakob A. Planinsek, Jakob A. Planinsek Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Pressman David Pressman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 4, October 1960, Pages 787–802, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.4.787 Published: 01 October 1960 Article history Received: 05 April 1960 Published: 01 October 1960
Abstract P3-06-14: DSS1 depletion is a promising strategy increasing chemosensitivity possibly independent of BRCA2 expression
Authors: N Gondo, A Rezano, K Kuzushima, H Iwata, K Kuwahara
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background DSS1 (deleted in split-hand/split-foot malformation 1) was originally identified as a BRCA2-associated protein, and its downregulation results in the degradation of BRCA2. Some reports demonstrated that BRCA2 overexpression was correlated with histopathological grade III in sporadic breast cancers, implicating the involvement of BRCA2 overexpression in the proliferation rate of breast cancer cells. Because DSS1 is a stabilizer of BRCA2, we investigated whether altered expression of DSS1 was associated with malignant advancement of sporadic breast cancers. By comparison of DSS1 mRNA level, we reported that the high DSS1 expression groups in breast cancer patients showed worse prognosis in relapse-free survival; however, DSS1 expression per se was not correlated with other clinical parameters including cellular proliferation or tumor grade. Therefore, we hypothesized that breast cancer cells highly expressing DSS1 might be resistant to anti-cancer drugs, and compared chemosensitivity in overexpression or underexpression of DSS1 in breast cancer cells. Methods We established MCF7 overexpressing DSS1 (MCF7/DSS1) by retroviral transfection. DSS1 or BRCA2 knockdown in MCF7 was performed using siRNA transfection. The susceptibility to the cytotoxic chemotherapy such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel in breast cancer cells was analyzed by flow cytometry to detect apoptosis. Results MCF7/DSS1 showed more resistant to cytotoxic drugs compared with GFP-control MCF7 transfectants (MCF7/GFP). The percentages of apoptotic cells in MCF7/DSS1 and MCF7/GFP treated by doxorubicin were 40.2% and 12.0%, respectively. Conversely, depletion of DSS1 in breast cancer cells resulted in enhanced chemosensitivity compared to control cells. Although DSS1 knockdown induced the downregulation of BRCA2, BRCA2 depletion itself did not show such enhancement of chemosensitivity. Conclusion Consistent with the cohort study of sporadic breast cancers, we demonstrated that high expression of DSS1 increased resistance of breast cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy in vitro. Conversely, DSS1 knockdown increased the susceptibility to these drugs in spite that BRCA2 depletion did not affect chemosensitivity. These results indicate that DSS1 could be a molecular target to increase chemosensitivity, which is independent of BRCA2 expression. Citation Format: Gondo N, Rezano A, Kuzushima K, Iwata H, Kuwahara K. DSS1 depletion is a promising strategy increasing chemosensitivity possibly independent of BRCA2 expression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-14.
Abstract 564: Gender Dependent Protective Effects of Melusin Overexpression on Post Myocardial Infarction Remodelling and Survival in Mice
Authors: Bernhard Unsoeld, Nils Teucher, Stefan Neef, Johannes Vogt, Vitalij Zyba, Nina Kumm, Eva Lau, Ralph Knoell, Lars S Maier, Mara Brancaccio, Axel Kaul, Tim Seidler, Guido Tarone, Gerd Hasenfuss
Journal: Circulation (2007)

This study is part of the EU funded EUGeneHeart consortium aiming at the identification of differential pathways leading from a compensated challenged heart to either beneficial or maladaptive hypertrophic signaling. A model for adaptive hypertrophy (swimming) was compared to two models of maladaptive hypertrophy (transverse aortic constriction, TAC and myocardial infarction, MI) in wildtype (WT) and melusin overexpressing (OE) mice with special attention towards gender differences. Melusin, a muscle specific β1 integrin interacting protein, was shown to favorably influence heart failure after TAC. To achieve the highest possible standardization and homogeneity the interventions were carried out at a single center (1423 mice) and the harvested samples were distributed among the consortium members for in-depth analyses of signaling pathways, energy metabolism as well as characterization of the extracellular matrix. Swimming (n=391) and TAC (n=426) lead to comparable and significant degrees of hypertrophy (heart weight/body weight ratio +13.3% and +9.7%, respectively). While TAC caused a concentric hypertrophy (LVEDD −8.2%) swimming significantly increased LVEDD by 9.3%. At this compensated stage there were no significant morphometric or echocardiographic differences between WT and melusin OE mice. However, following MI (n=606), melusin OE mice showed reduced dilatation (LVEDD +49.8% wt vs. +29.0% melusin OE, n=136) and wall thinning (septum thickness −40.5% WT vs. −21.4% melusin OE). Gender separated analysis revealed a significant reduction in LVEDD only in the melusin OE males. A significantly improved survival rate was found for the melusin OE males (59% vs. 37%) whereas there was no significant effect on survival in females (82% vs. 76%). Analysis of shortening and calcium transients indicated a still compensated myocyte function on the single cell level for all three models, as intended. This is the first study that shows a prognostic effect of melusin overexpression in the setting of MI. Reduced mortality is associated with more favorable remodeling. Most interestingly, the effect is gender dependent. The present findings may be of future clinical relevance. Examinations of signaling pathways are currently being performed.
Randomized, multicenter, controlled evaluation of S-1 and oxaliplatin (SOX regimen) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer patients (RESONANCE trial).
Authors: Tao Li, Lin Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

90 Background: RESONANCE trial aims to improve 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) for patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and D2 surgery with chemotherapy postoperatively. We also evaluated the postoperative complications with and without preoperative chemotherapy to reveal the safety of SOX regimen. Methods: In this phase III multicenter study, patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC,7thed)stage II-IIII advanced gastric cancer are treated with two to four cycles of preoperative SOX chemotherapy, followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy, and then another four to six postoperative cycles of SOX chemotherapy. Surgical and pathological quality control is performed. The primary endpoint is 3-year DFS, secondary endpoints are 3-year OS, D2/R0 rate, and toxicity and recurrence risk. The RESONANCE trial has been registered internationally, and twenty hospitals have participated in this trial. Results: Between February 2012 and to August 2013, 128 patients were enrolled in the neoadjuvant group , 103 patients were enrolled in the adjuvant group. Seventy-four of 128 patients underwent gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy after preoperative chemotherapy. In these 74 patients, 52 (70%) patients had clinical tumor response and 10 (14%) patients achieved histological response. Operative mortality was never encountered. R0 resection rate was 90.5% after neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared with 94.2% in adjuvant group (p=0.23). Postoperative complication rates in neoadjuvant and adjuvant groups were 33.8% and 37.9% respectively (p=0.58). Conclusions: Results of this study will demonstrate whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy strategy will be superior to adjuvant chemotherapy when combined with D2 surgery for AJCC stage II-III gastric cancer patients. Furthermore, it might be an important clinical evidence to verify benefit of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced gastric cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01583361.