tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0790 Which Score to Use for Radiographic Damage Assessment of the Spine in (Early) Axial Spondyloarthritis? Two-Year Data From the Desir Cohort
Authors: S. Ramiro, P. Claudepierre, R. van den Berg, V. Navarro-Compán, A. Feydy, M.A. D'Agostino, D. Loeuille, M. Dougados, M. Reijnierse, D. van der Heijde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Several scores have been developed to assess radiographic damage in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, we do not know how they perform in early phases of the disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the performance of different radiographic scores of the spine in patients with early axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). <h3>Methods</h3> Yearly radiographs from a 2-year follow-up of the DESIR cohort from patients fulfilling the ASAS axSpA criteria have been used. Spinal (cervical, thoracic and lumbar) and sacro-iliac (SI) radiographs were scored independently by two readers for the presence of the different damage aspects enabling the calculation of different scores: mSASSS (0-72), SASSS (0-72), RASSS (0-84) and BASRI-spine (0-12), using the averaged scores between readers per vertebral corner (VC)/SI joints. Additionally, a variation of the BASRI-spine was computed adding an overall score for the thoracic spine (0-16). Following the OMERACT proposal, scores were compared with regard to truth, discrimination (sensitivity to change and reliability) and feasibility. Status (at baseline or first x-ray available) and 2-year progression scores were calculated for each of the methods as well as the proportion of patients with any change (change&gt;0). <h3>Results</h3> In total, 486 patients (mean age 33.0 (SD 8.6) years, 50% males) had at least one radiograph available. At baseline, scores ranged from 0 and 21.6 for the mSASSS (30% of the maximum of the scale), 20.6 for RASSS (25% of maximum), 6 for SASSS (8% of maximum), 8.5 for BASRI-spine (71% of maximum) and 10.25 for BASRI-spine with thoracic spine (64% of maximum). Status scores and 2-year progression scores available are shown in the table. The proportion of patients with any 2-year change was the following: 9.9% for mSASSS, 10.7% for RASSS, 6.9% for SASSS, 19.2% for BASRI-spine and 22.0% for BASRI-spine with thoracic spine. Absolute change scores (table) showed that the mSASSS and RASSS captured most change. 2-year RASSS progression occurred in a balanced way across segments (cervical, thoracic and lumbar), when taking the number of VCs included per segment. All scores had acceptable reliability. In what concerns feasibility, all scores seemed to be feasible, but the BASRI-spine (+/- thoracic spine) was more frequently missing (up to 15% of the cases), as it requires also the availability of SI joints. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The existing scoring methods to assess radiographic damage performed well in early phases of axSpA. The mSASSS and RASSS captured most change, but there was no gain in additionally scoring the thoracic spine for the RASSS. The mSASSS remains the most sensitive and most adequate scoring method in axSpA, including early phases of the disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTH-162 An audit of nutritional practices in patients with oesophago-gastric malignancies undergoing surgical resection: a single centre cohort study
Authors: E Bidgood
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Malnutrition and cachexia are highly prevalent in patients with upper GI cancers and may adversely affect treatment options.<sup>1</sup>A multi-modal approach to peri-operative care has been shown to improve patient outcomes.<sup>2</sup>The aim of this study was to audit nutritional practices, including enhanced recovery principles in patients undergoing oesophago-gastric resection in NHS Lanarkshire. <h3>Method</h3> Of the 70 patients approached 31 were included in the study. Dietetic consultations were conducted on initial assessment following new diagnosis of oesophageal or gastric cancer. Prospective data was collected on patient characteristics including anthropometry and clinical symptoms. Methods of nutritional support (pre and post-operatively) were examined for their effectiveness, in relation to achieving weight stability. Patients who were given carbohydrate (CHO) pre-load and oral immunonutrition pre-operatively (n = 15) were compared to those who were not (n = 16) in terms of length of stay on ICU. All data sets were analysed using SPSS 16.0. <h3>Results</h3> This cohort consisted of 31 patients (mean age: 66.2, range: 42–81, 84% men) who were undergoing oesophago-gastric resections with curative intent. Mean weight, BMI, and weight loss at diagnosis was 80 kg, 28 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 8.3%, respectively. Pre-operatively, oral nutritional support and high protein/energy diets were shown to be the most effective methods of nutritional support in achieving weight maintenance. Post-operatively, the most common nutritional method used was parenteral nutrition (68%). Patients on exclusive enteral nutrition were observed not to meet 100% of their nutritional requirements for the initial 7 days post-op. In addition, use of CHO pre-load and immunonutrition prior to surgery was associated with a reduced length of stay on ICU (mean difference: 3.2 days). All results were deemed statistically non-significant. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our study shows that this patient cohort experienced significant weight loss on diagnosis and required ongoing nutritional support throughout treatment. In addition, we show that nutritional methods pre and post operatively in patients undergoing UGI cancer surgery varies, warranting the need for standardisation of nutritional interventions to enable comparisons within and between regions. Nutritional practices as part of enhanced recovery protocols have the potential to significantly impact outcomes in this patient group, which requires further development and evaluation. <h3>References</h3> Garth A, <i>et al</i>. Nutritional status, nutrition practices and post-operative complications in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2010;23:393–401 Fearon K, <i>et al</i>. Enhanced recovery after surgery: A consensus review of clinical care for patients undergoing colonic resection. Clinical Nutrition. 2005;24:466–477 <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Cell membrane expression and functional role of the p75 subunit of interleukin-2 receptor in lymphoproliferative disease of granular lymphocytes
Authors: R Zambello, L Trentin, G Pizzolo, P Bulian, M Masciarelli, C Feruglio, C Agostini, R Raimondi, T Chisesi, G Semenzato
Journal: Blood (1990)
Induction of Carcinoma and Papilloma of the Tracheobronchial Mucosa of the Syrian Hamster by Intratracheal Instillation of Benzo[&lt;italic&gt;α&lt;/italic&gt;]-pyrene
Authors: Katherine M. Herrold, Lucia J. Dunham
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

The effect of benzo[α]pyrene on the tracheobronchial mucosa of Syrian hamsters was studied. The carcinogen was administered by intratracheal instillation either as 1) a suspension in an aqueous solution of polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (Tween 60) or 2) a solution in olive oil. Repeated intratracheal instillation of benzo[α]-pyrene suspended in Tween 60 induced papillomas and carcinomas of the trachea, main-stem bronchi, and bronchioles. The mucosa of the tracheobronchial tree revealed, in addition to the tumors, a variety of atypical epithelial alterations. It is not known whether these changes might have progressed to tumors, had the hamsters lived longer. Histologically some of the carcinomas resembled the squamous-cell bronchogenic carcinoma of man. Neoplastic lesions were not induced in animals that received benzo[α]pyrene in olive oil. The tumor-promoting action of Tweens and their ability to increase the permeability of mucous membranes may account for the successful induction of cancer with benzo-[α]pyrene in Tween 60.
Home Treatment of Tuberculosis
Authors: A VERSTRAETEN
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1938)

BEIAL JOURAL 1539scoliosis by a group, including an orthopaedic surgeon, an anatomist, a neurologist, a path- ologist, a radiologist, and perhaps an engineer with knowledge of the properties of materials and of stresses and strains.When the distorting forces causing scoliosis are further understood it will be much easier to determine their origin.The beginnings of such a study have already been started at the Brompton Hospital, and will soon be extended.I would welcome hearing from anyone interested in these wider aspects of this problem.-I am, etc.,
Multicenter analysis of 81 solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD): Examination of survival and prognostic factors
Authors: A. M. Evens, K. A. David, I. Helenowski, S. M. Kircher, L. Mauro, A. Gimelfarb, E. Hattersley, J. M. Shammo, S. E. Smith, S. M. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8510 Background: PTLD has a reported 3-year (yr) overall survival (OS) of 35–40% (Leblond, JCO 2001). The impact of rituximab (RTX) on the prognosis or outcome of PTLD is not known. Methods: We examined the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes among a large population-based cohort of SOT-related PTLD patients (pts) at 4 Chicago institutions (1/98–2/08). Prognostic factors were evaluated in univariate and Cox proportional hazards regression for survival. Results: 81 PTLD pts were identified (SOT: 47 kidney ± pancreas, 4 pancreas, 17 liver, 8 heart, 5 lung) with median age at diagnosis (dx) of 48 yrs (range 20–72). Median time from SOT to PTLD was 42 months (mo) (range 1–216 mo). PTLD dx (per WHO) were 55 monomorphic, 22 polymorphic and 4 plasmacytic, while 42 were EBV+ and 30 EBV-negative (9 unknown). 74% of pts (60/81) were treated with rituximab ± chemotherapy (and reduction of immune suppression). With 38-mo median followup for all pts, 3-yr progression-free (PFS) was 58% and 3-yr OS 62%, despite 16% of pts dying ≤ 6 weeks from dx. Most relapses (30/32) occurred ≤ 12 months from dx. Pts receiving RTX as part of therapy had 3-yr PFS of 69% and OS 71% (vs 21% (p=0.0002) and 33% (p=0.001), respectively, without RTX). Univariate analysis identified prognostic factors for PFS/OS (all &lt;0.01): 1) PS, 2) serum albumin, 3) &gt;1 EN site, 4) marrow involvement, 5) CNS disease and 6) RTX as part of initial therapy. Neither histology nor EBV status predicted outcome. On multivariate analysis, 4 factors remained significant ( Table 1a ). Further, a survival model based on 3 factors was constructed ( Table 1b ). Conclusions: This study represents the largest PTLD report in RTX-treated pts. We are the first to identify the prognostic significance of low albumin and a low PTLD relapse rate beyond 1 yr (6.3%). Further, it appears that the introduction of RTX has improved the survival of PTLD. In addition, clinical factors at dx identified pts with markedly divergent outcomes. [Table: see text] [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Glucose Utilization by Washed Mitochondria of Normal and Neoplastic Mouse Tissues&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: H. G. duBuy, M. L. Hesselbach
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Glucose Utilization by Washed Mitochondria of Normal and Neoplastic Mouse Tissues H. G. duBuy, H. G. duBuy Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. L. Hesselbach M. L. Hesselbach Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 2, February 1958, Pages 403–408, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.2.403 Published: 01 February 1958 Article history Received: 07 August 1957 Published: 01 February 1958
THU0124 Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials of Biologics in DMARD-Naïve and DMARD-Inadequate Responder Subjects with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Efficacy and Safety
Authors: P. Mehta, K. Davy, R. Williamson, R. Rao, P.-P. Tak
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Current rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment guidelines recommend treating patients early according to the treat to target principle aiming for remission with a “step-up” treatment paradigm to biologics after failure of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, despite significant improvements in disease management, most patients have persistent disease activity, significant joint damage and disability. The risk of serious infections could be one of the concerns about using biologics earlier in the treatment paradigm. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore the efficacy and safety of earlier intervention, we reviewed the frequency of remission and serious infection events (SIEs) in DMARD-naïve and DMARD-inadequate responders (IR) in randomised, controlled clinical trials of approved biologics. <h3>Methods</h3> A PubMed search up to January 2015 was performed for randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-centre trials of all approved biologics in combination with methotrexate (MTX), in RA subjects that were either DMARD-naïve or DMARD-IR. All trials had to include disease activity score (DAS)28(CRP or ESR) remission (DAS28&lt;2.6) data and were of at least 24 week duration. Outcomes analysed were frequencies of DAS remission and SIE. <h3>Results</h3> 15 DMARD-naïve and 9 DMARD-IR trials were identified. Subjects in DMARD-naïve trials tended to be younger with shorter disease duration and lower baseline DAS28 than those in DMARD-IR trials. In DMARD-naïve subjects, the frequency of DAS28-ESR at 6 months was 39% for biologic + MTX and 21% for placebo + MTX; and 16% and 3% in DMARD-IR subjects, respectively. SIEs were slightly higher in both populations when using biologic + MTX, compared with MTX alone, but there was no apparent difference between DMARD-naive and DMARD-IR populations, although the numbers are relatively small and duration of treatment relatively short. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Overall most patients do not achieve remission with biologics and there is much scope for improvement. The frequency of remission was higher in DMARD-naïve subjects than DMARD-IR subjects; however there were no apparent differences in serious infections across the two populations. These findings demonstrate that there remains a significant unmet need for more effective therapeutic strategies for RA in both DMARD-naïve and DMARD-IR populations. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> P. Mehta: None declared, K. Davy Shareholder of: GSK, Employee of: GSK, R. Williamson Shareholder of: GSK, Employee of: GSK, R. Rao Shareholder of: GSK, Employee of: GSK, P.-P. Tak Shareholder of: GSK, Employee of: GSK
Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of everolimus and capecitabine in patients with solid tumors.
Authors: J. Wilmink, M. J. Deenen, H. Klümpen, R. Sparidans, J. Beijnen, J. H. Schellens, D. Richel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

2557 Background: Results form (pre)clinical studies suggest that mTOR inhibitors are promising drugs for the treatment of various types of cancer. Everolimus seems the most attractive mTOR inhibitor because of the favorable pharmacokinetic profile and possibility of oral administration. Based on preclinical findings, mTOR inhibitors may be more efficacious when used in combination with cytostatic drugs. Methods: Patients (pts) with solid tumors were studied to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) of a fixed dose everolimus, 5 mg BID continuously and capecitabine (cap) BID for 14 days in 3-weekly intervals. The dose of cap was escalated in 4 dose levels (1-4): 500, 650, 800, and 1000 mg/m2. 3 pts per dose level were treated, and increased to 6 in case of occurrence of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). The MTD was defined as the level below the highest level at which ≥ 2 out of 6 pts develop DLT. The PK of cap and its metabolites were assessed on 2 days: without, and with everolimus on steady state. Vice versa, the PK for everolimus was assessed over a 12h interval at steady state with, and without cap. Trough concentrations for everolimus were sampled in the first 4 weeks of treatment. Results: 17 pts: 9 pancreatic, 4 gastrointestinal and 4 others, were recruited. 4, 5, 3, and 5 pts were treated at dose level 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. DLT occurred in 2 patients. The MTD was dose-level 3 (800 mg/m2). Most frequently occurring toxicities were fatigue (53%), stomatitis (41%), hand-foot syndrome (29%), nausea (24%), and diarrhea (18%). 2 pts had a partial response, 5 had stable disease and 10 had PD. Steady state for everolimus was reached in 7 days. Mean treatment duration with everolimus was 126 days (range 12-329). There was no significant PK interaction: intrapatient variability in the area under the curve of everolimus (AUCeverolimus) (± cap) was 1.7%; interpatient variability AUCeverolimus was 35% (CV). Intrapatient variability of cap (± everolimus) was 8.3%; interpatient variability of AUCcap was 50% (CV). Similarly, there was no PK interaction for metabolites of cap. Conclusions: Everolimus 5 mg twice daily continuously can be safely added to capecitabine 800 mg/m2 BID and shows promising activity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Calcium channel blockade: possible explanation for thioridazine's peripheral side effects
Authors: R J Gould, K M Murphy, I J Reynolds, S H Snyder
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The authors show that thioridazine possesses calcium antagonist activity which may relate to its cardiac and sexual side effects. Binding sites associated with voltage-operated calcium channels were labeled by 3H-nitrendipine. Thioridazine influenced this binding of 3H-nitrendipine in a fashion similar to known calcium antagonists such as verapamil. Thioridazine also antagonized potassium-induced, calcium-dependent contractions of rat vas deferens, with similar potency. Thioridazine concentrations that exert calcium channel antagonist effects correspond to blood levels at therapeutic doses.
Effect of alphavirus vaccine encoding HER2 during concurrent anti-HER2 therapies on induction of oligoclonal T cell and antibody responses against HER2.
Authors: William Rayford Gwin, Amy Hobeika, Takuya Osada, Zachary Hartman, Qing Cheng, Gloria Broadwater, Gretchen Genevieve Kimmick, Kimberly L. Blackwell, Michael Morse, Kim Lyerly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

3081 Background: Advanced HER2-overexpressing breast cancer eventually develops resistance to standard therapies; however, the HER2 receptor persists and may serve as a target for immunotherapy. We tested an immunization strategy with a novel alphaviral based vaccine encoding the extracellular and transmembrane domains of HER2 (VRP-HER2), alone and in conjunction with standard anti-HER2 agents, in patients with predominantly metastatic treatment refractory HER2-overexpressing breast cancer to determine safety, immunogenicity, and clinical activity. Methods: Cohort 1 (n = 4) enrolled patients not receiving any other anticancer therapy. Cohort 2 (n = 10) enrolled patients receiving either concurrent trastuzumab +/- pertuzumab, TDM-1, or Lapatinib. VRP-HER2 was given at 4 x 108 IU intramuscularly, every 2 weeks for three doses. Immune response specific for HER2 was determined by ELISPOT and ELISA. Progression-free survival (PFS) was defined as time to disease progression or death. Median length of follow-up for survival was calculated in patients still alive. Results: VRP-HER2 immunizations were well tolerated in these heavily pre-treated cohorts (median 4.5 prior therapies). There were no dose limiting toxicities or significant decreases in cardiac ejection fraction. Adverse events were predominantly grade 1 and 2, with one grade 3 AE, hyponatremia, felt not attributable to the VRP-HER2 vaccine. T cell responses specific for HER2 were detected by ELISpot in patients from cohort 1. The magnitude of the immune response was not altered by prior anti-HER2 therapy. In cohort 1, median PFS was 57 days, median overall survival (OS) was not reached, and median follow-up for OS was 26 months. In cohort 2, median PFS was 58 days, with one partial response and stable disease in two patients, median OS was not reached, and median follow-up for OS was 7 months. Conclusions: VRP-HER2 was safe and immunogenic alone or with concurrent anti-HER2 therapy. Future studies will combine the vaccine in prime boost strategies alone and in combination with other therapies. Clinical trial information: NCT01526473.
Investigations on the Properties of Agents Causing Fowl Tumors. I. Attempts at Isolation of the Fowl-Tumor Agents by Differential Centrifugation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: L DMOCHOWSKI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1948)

Investigations on the Properties of Agents Causing Fowl Tumors. I. Attempts at Isolation of the Fowl-Tumor Agents by Differential Centrifugation Get access L. Dmochowski L. Dmochowski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 2, October 1948, Pages 57–67, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.2.57 Published: 01 October 1948 Article history Received: 08 December 1947 Published: 01 October 1948
Tumors of the Liver and Urinary Bladder of the Dog After Ingestion of 2-Acetylaminofluorene
Authors: Harold P. Morris, Willard H. Eyestone
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Journal Article Tumors of the Liver and Urinary Bladder of the Dog After Ingestion of 2-Acetylaminofluorene Get access Harold P. Morris, Harold P. Morris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Willard H. Eyestone Willard H. Eyestone National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 5, April 1953, Pages 1139–1165, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.5.1139 Published: 01 April 1953 Article history Received: 14 October 1952 Published: 01 April 1953