tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FRI0443 Analyzing the Heterogeneity of Behcet's Disease Prevalence: A Meta-Epidemiological Approach: Table 1.
Authors: C. Maldini, M.P. La Valley, K. Druce, N. Basu, A. Mahr
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

Background Substantial geographical differences have been observed among prevalence surveys of Behçet's disease (BD). However, the magnitude of such variations has not been fully assessed and whether some of these differences in fact reflect methodological inconsistencies is unclear. Objectives To study by meta-analysis the effect of geographic location and differences in study methodology on the prevalence of BD. Methods We performed a systematic literature review to identify population-based prevalence surveys of BD in PubMed MEDLINE. Studies were eligible if they provided sufficient data to recalculate the prevalence rate; for studies not reporting the denominator population, these values were back-calculated by using the reported numerators and prevalence rates. Two investigators used a standardized questionnaire to independently extract these and other relevant data such as study design, year of publication and criteria used for BD classification. Pooled prevalence rates across all studies and across pre-defined subgroups were computed with random-effects models based on negative binomial models. Results The PubMed search yielded 230 citations. From these and additional articles found by handsearching, 33 potentially eligible articles were identified; 2 were excluded because of no numerator data. The 31 analyzed studies were published from 1974 to 2013 and included 7 studies from Turkey, 2 from other Asian countries, 8 from North Africa/Middle East, 5 from southern Europe, 7 from northern Europe and 2 from North America/Caribbean Islands. [Table 1][1] shows the pooled prevalence rates for all studies and for subgroups of studies. Striking differences were seen for studies using sampling approaches as compared with those using census approaches. In contrast, the classification criteria used and the periods of publication appeared to have a negligible impact. View this table: Table 1. Pooled prevalence estimates (per 100,000 inhabitants) of Behçet's disease Conclusions Differences in BD prevalence rates likely reflect a combination of true geographic variation and methodological artefacts. In particular, the sampling or census study designs of surveys may strongly influence the outcome. Disclosure of Interest None declared DOI 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3038 [1]: #T1
Endoscopic retrieval of a migrated stent after endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy
Authors: K. Kawakubo, H. Isayama, T. Tsujino, N. Sasahira, Y. Nakai, H. Kogure, T. Sasaki, N. Yamamoto, K. Hirano, M. Tada, K. Koike
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Use of endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) is reported with increasing frequency [1]. While stent migration into the bile duct is a possible complication of EUS-CDS, it has not previously been reported. We describe a case of complete stent migration into the bile duct, where the stent was successfully retrieved by inserting an endoscope directly into the bile duct after balloon dilation of the duodenal fistula.
Abstract 2361: Fractalkine and CX3CR1 are involved in the early stages of skeletal metastasis
Authors: Whitney L. Jamieson, Karim Dorgham, Philippe Deterre, Alessandro Fatatis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract It is estimated that eighty percent of breast cancer (BCa) and ninety percent of prostate cancer (PCa) patients develop late-stage skeletal metastases. Metastatic disease is the major cause of death in these patients and only palliative treatments for clinically established skeletal metastases are available. In order to develop effective preventive and curative therapies, it is essential that mechanisms involved in cancer cell bone colonization are fully understood. Our previous in vitro experiments have shown that the chemokine fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) and its receptor, CX3CR1, mediate adhesion of PCa cells to bone marrow endothelial cells as well as their migration toward osteoblasts. We have also shown that CX3CR1 is highly expressed in BCa and PCa cell lines as well as ex vivo prostate and mammary human cancer tissues, whereas FKN is expressed by stromal cells of the bone marrow. Therefore, we hypothesize that FKN and CX3CR1 are involved in the arrival and arrest of cancer cells to the bone during the metastatic process. To test our hypothesis, we employed a mouse model of metastasis in which fluorescent human cancer cells are inoculated in the left cardiac ventricle. Using a histology-stereomicroscopy combination approach, we detect single cancer cells in the bone microenvironment as early as 24 hours after their delivery into the blood stream. Analyses at later time-points also reveal the progression of small cancer foci into macroscopic metastases. Inoculation of PCa or BCa cells in FKN-null mice shows a significant decrease in the number of cancer cells disseminated to the skeleton by hematogenous route. In parallel experiments, exogenous over-expression of CX3CR1 in BCa cells increases their arrival to bone. On the other hand, upon expression of a CX3CR1 functional mutant - unable to mediate adhesion to FKN - the dissemination of BCa cells to the skeleton is significantly impaired. Finally, we used a newly engineered inhibitor of CX3CR1 to counteract skeletal metastases in vivo. In conclusion, our data present strong evidence that the FKN/CX3CR1 pair is involved in the early stages of prostate and breast cancer bone metastasis. Thus, altering the interactions between FKN and its receptor represents an attractive therapeutic approach for the prevention of skeletal metastases from prostate and breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2361.
DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE-4 INHIBITOR ATTENUATES CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION AND ADVERSE REMODELING AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Nipon Chattipakorn, Tharnwimol Inthachai, Suree Lekawanvijit, Siriporn Chattipakorn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Acquired in a Laboratory
Authors: Joseph E. Johnson, Paul J. Kadull
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

ROCKY Mountain spotted fever, first recognized in Montana in 1873, has now been reported from at least 46 of the United States, and is a disease of significant prevalence and severity.1 Ordinarily transmitted to man in the United States by the bite of 1 of 4 species of ticks, it has not been identified as a frequent cause of laboratory-acquired infection, and few laboratory cases have been reported.2 3 4 5 When such cases have occurred they have usually been attributed to the bite of a tick being handled in the laboratory.This series of 5 cases of laboratory-acquired Rocky Mountain spotted fever . . .
Embodied and disembodied processing of emotional expressions: Insights from autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Piotr Winkielman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Processing of facial expressions goes beyond simple pattern recognition. To elucidate this problem, Niedenthal et al. offer a model that identifies multiple embodied and disembodied routes for expression processing, and spell out conditions triggering use of different routes. I elaborate on this model by discussing recent research on emotional recognition in individuals with autism, who can use multiple routes of emotion processing, and consequently can show atypical and typical patterns of embodied simulation and mimicry.
S80 Impact Of Peer Educators On Uptake Of Mobile X-ray Tuberculosis Screening At Homeless Hostels: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: R. Aldridge, S. Yates, S. Hemming, L. Possas, G. Ferenando, E. Garber, A. Hayward, T. McHugh, M. Lipman, A. Story
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The pan London “Find andTreat” tuberculosis (TB) service includes a mobile digital X-ray unit (MXU) screening service which has been shown to be cost effective among hard-to-reach groups (homeless people, substance users and prisoners). This study compared the impact of current practice of hostel staff encouraging MXU screening for TB among homeless people with the addition of peer educators with direct experience of TB and/or homelessness on screening uptake. <h3>Design/methods</h3> Between February 2012 and October 2013 London homeless hostels accessing MXU TB screening were randomised to intervention or control arms by minimisation, balancing on hostel size (≤43 beds), and previous screening uptake level (≤50%). Sites with a previous MXU uptake of &gt;80% were excluded. At intervention sites, peers worked with hostel staff to encourage screening (through contacting and speaking with residents). The primary outcome was the proportion of eligible residents screened for TB. Blinding of participants and observers was not possible due to the nature of the intervention. Analysis was performed by intention to treat (ITT). <h3>Results</h3> Of 59 hostels considered for eligibility, 46 were randomised (24 allocated to the control and 22 to the intervention arm – Figure 1). Across all sites, median uptake was 44% (IQR: 26,59). Control hostels had a total of 1192 residents [median uptake 45%, (IQR: 33,55)]. Intervention sites had 1150 residents [median uptake 40%, (IQR: 25,61)]. Using Poisson regression to account for the clustered study design, size of hostel, and previous screening uptake, there was no evidence for peer educators increasing uptake of screening – adjusted risk ratio 0.98% (95% CIs: 0.80,1.20). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study found no evidence for peer educators increasing the uptake of MXU TB screening. The wide confidence intervals associated with this result mean that we may be missing a 20% effect, which could be explained by a pragmatic study design where sites were not naïve to the intervention as peers had previously been involved in screening sessions at many hostels. This study was supported by NIHR Programme Grant for Applied Research (RP-PG-0407–10340). <b>Trial registration number:</b>ISRCTN17270334.
Case 12-1999
Authors: David A. Drachman, Kathy L. Newell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Presentation of CaseA 67-year-old, right-handed man was admitted to the hospital because of increasing dementia.Three years before admission, the patient's cognitive function began to decline. One year later, a neurologist diagnosed progressive dementia with parkinsonism.During the two months before admission, the patient became agitated, and trazodone was prescribed. His family noted transient periods when he stared into space and did not respond to his surroundings. He fell several times, with apparent loss of consciousness but no obvious injury.One week before admission, the patient punched his wife because she would not let him drive. Soon thereafter, he . . .
Abstract 2923: Androgen receptor activation changes chromatin structure and transcriptional activation
Authors: Alok K. Tewari, Galip G. Yardimci, Gregory E. Crawford, Phillip G. Febbo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms such as chromatin accessibility and histone modifications impact transcription factor binding to DNA and transcriptional specificity. The androgen receptor (AR), a master regulator of prostate cancer initiation and progression, acts primarily through ligand-activated transcription of target genes. By combining deep sequencing with DNase I hypersensitivity analysis (DNase-seq) and RNA analysis (RNA-seq) we assessed genome-wide chromatin structure and transcription and combined this data with publicly available AR chromatin immunoprecipitation data (AR Chip-seq). We find that 64% of DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) overlap each other before and after androgen in LNCaP cells. Interestingly, in regions with increased chromatin accessibility following androgen induction, the canonical AR DNA recognition motif is enriched. Comparing identified DHS to AR binding sites from three different data sets consistently reveals that 50% of AR binding overlaps a DHS in induced cells. Of those sites with both DHS and AR binding, approximately half are available prior to androgen induction (i.e. “primed”) and half open in response to androgen stimulation. This contrasts with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which was recently reported to bind to DNA primarily in regions that are accessible to nuclease cleavage prior to ligand activation. Our RNA-seq analysis discovered 367 genes regulated by AR activation (FDR &amp;lt; 0.05), including 16 of the 19 most commonly identified AR-mediated genes in several other studies. Importantly, we find that regions of increased chromatin accessibility are significantly associated with genes identified as AR-regulated by RNA-seq. Finally, base pair resolution of the DNase-seq signal reveals distinct footprinting patterns associated with the AR-DNA interaction. Analysis of chromatin structure, AR binding, and transcription prior to and following androgen induction demonstrates that AR activation by ligand induces genome-wide changes in chromatin accessibility, these changes correspond to AR binding to the genome, and they impact AR-mediated transcriptional response. These findings suggest that interaction between the AR and DNA alters chromatin structure and transcriptional specificity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2923. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2923
P54 TEMPORAL DYNAMICS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OF THE UNFOLDED PROTEIN RESPONSE IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Y.-P. Vandewynckel, D. Laukens, A. Geerts, E. Bogaerts, A. Paridaens, X. Verhelst, C. Van Steenkiste, B. Descamps, C. Vanhove, L. Libbrecht, R. De Rycke, B. Lambrecht, S. Janssens, H. Van Vlierberghe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Breast ultrasound in the screening and diagnosis of breast cancer.
Authors: WA Berg
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #MS3-1 Six single center and two multicenter studies of screening breast ultrasound have shown a consistent detection yield of 3-5 per 1000 for supplemental screening breast ultrasound after mammography. The vast majority of these additional cancers seen only on ultrasound are invasive, with mean tumor size of 9-11 mm across series, and, where reported, approximately 90% are node negative. Supplemental detection is mainly seen when the breast tissue is dense. Screening ultrasound carries a substantial risk of false positives, with 9-11% of biopsies prompted by ultrasound proving malignant. In the first year of the ACRIN 6666 protocol, 1 in 40 women had an unnecessary biopsy due to mammography, compared to 1 in 10 after both mammography and ultrasound. Modeling to predict impact on mortality and cost-effectiveness of screening ultrasound is in progress, and results of incidence screens in ACRIN 6666 will be forthcoming.&amp;#x2028; Ultrasound is widely used to characterize abnormalities seen on mammography and to guide biopsy, including biopsy of MRI-depicted suspicious findings. At the time of biopsy of suspicious masses, ultrasound of the ipsilateral axilla can help identify and guide FNAB of suspicious node(s) if present. In the setting of widespread malignant-appearing calcifications, ultrasound can help identify a mass which may represent an invasive component. Ultrasound has also been shown to be more accurate in identifying the source of abnormal nipple discharge than galactography. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr MS3-1.
Abstract 567: Dual functions of Mad1 in mitosis and DNA damage response.
Authors: Chunying Yang, Jianwei Hao, Dejuan Kong, Bo Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and the DNA damage checkpoint are two evolutionarily conserved mechanisms by which the fidelity of chromosome segregation in response to various DNA lesions is protected. These checkpoints are believed to function independently. However, there is growing evidence showing that proteins involved in the two systems have overlapping functions. Here we show that the mitotic arrest-deficient protein 1 (Mad1), a critical component of the SAC, is also required for the DNA damage response (DDR). We found that depletion of Mad1 led to cellular hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) and prolonged persistence of the H2AX foci. Interestingly, we observed Mad1 to be hyperphosphorylated both in mitosis and in response to DNA damage induced by IR in an ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated) dependent manner. ATM is an essential DDR kinase which is also activated in mitosis and required for the SAC. We found that ATM phosphorylated Mad1 on Serine 214 both in vitro and in-cell. We further demonstrated that ATM-mediated Mad1 Serine 214 phosphorylation was required for both SAC and optimal DDR. Collectively, these findings reveal the dual function of ATM-mediated Mad1 phosphorylation in mitosis and DDR. Citation Format: Chunying Yang, Jianwei Hao, Dejuan Kong, Bo Xu. Dual functions of Mad1 in mitosis and DNA damage response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 567. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-567
Platelet Transfusion Therapy
Authors: R. A. Yankee, F. C. Grumet, G. N. Rogentine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Five patients with bone-marrow aplasia had become refractory to platelet transfusions from random donors. The response to platelets from available family members of each of the patients was then studied. Three patients had excellent responses to platelets from a single sibling, and two each responded to platelets from two siblings. The lymphocytes of the donors and recipients were typed for HL-A antigens by the lymphocyte cytotoxicity test. Genotypic analysis of the phenotypes revealed that the excellent responses occurred with platelets from HL-A identical siblings. The patient's serums exhibited no lymphocyte cytotoxicity against the respective seven HL-A identical siblings whereas cytotoxicity was demonstrated to nine of 11 HL-A nonidentical family members. Three patients have received 8 units of platelets per week for 11, 15, and 24 months from HL-A identical siblings without the development of cytotoxic antibodies. HL-A lymphocyte typing of family members can be used to predict platelet compatibility.
Government announces start of revalidation
Authors: S. Carter
Journal: BMJ (2012)

England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, has announced that revalidation will begin on 3 December this year.

Revalidation requires that all doctors in the United Kingdom, including locums and doctors working in the private sector, prove every five years that their knowledge is up to date and that they are fit to practise.

Responsible officers (those in charge of making sure that all doctors at their organisation are revalidated) and medical leaders will be revalidated by March 2013. About a fifth of doctors will be revalidated between April 2013 and March 2014, while the majority will be covered by the end of March 2016 and any remaining doctors by the …
FRI0359 Unmet need in behcet’s disease: most patients are not in complete remission in the long-term follow-up
Authors: F. Alibaz-Oner, G. Mumcu, Z. Kubilay, G. Ozen, G. çelik, A. Karadeniz, M. Can, S. Yılmaz Oner, N. Inanc, P. Atagunduz, T. Ergun, H. Direskeneli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The clinical course of Behcet's disease (BD) as a multi-systemic disorder with a remitting-relapsing nature is unsufficiently explored. As complete remission should be aimed in all inflammatory diseases, we investigated the frequency of complete remission in patients with BD in routine practice. <h3>Methods</h3> In this retrospective study, 258 patients with BD (F/M: 130/128, mean age: 41.1±11,5 years) classified according to ISG criteria were included. The demographic and clinical data for active organ manifestations and treatment protocols were evaluated, both for the current visit and in the last month. Patients having at least one of any disease manifestations were categorized as active. <h3>Results</h3> <b>A t</b>otal of 1757 visits of 258 patients were overviewed<b>.</b> Mean visit number was 6,8± 2,7 (range:1-10) and mean follow-up duration was 45.8±36.5 months (2-165). One hundred twenty-five patients (48.4%) were of mucocutaneus type, whereas 133 patients (51.6%) had major organ involvement. When all visits combined, 19.8-43.9% of the patients were using immunosuppressives (IS), whereas 35.3-59.3% was under non-IS therapies such as colchicine or NSAIDs. There was also a group of noncompliant patients (6.4-45%) without any treatment in some visits. Patients were clinically active in 67.2% (n=1182) of the total visits (n=1757). Frequency of clinical activity increased to 75.6% (68.1- 90.3) when the month before the visit was also included. The major cause of the activity was aphthous ulcers (39.4-63.2%) with other mucocutaneous manifestations also commonly present (Genital ulcer: 3.5-27.1 %, erythema nodosum: 8.2-22.5%, papulopustular lesions: 18.2-33.7%, arthritis: 21.3-33.5%, uveitis: 0.5-8.5% and vascular involvement: 2.5-10.8%). No difference was observed between the frequency of activity of patients having ISs or non-IS therapies. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although complete remission is the current, primary target in inflammatory rheumatological diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or vasculitides, it is fairly difficult to achieve complete remission in BD with current therapeutic regimens. The reluctance of the clinicians to be aggressive for some BD manifestations with low morbidity, such as mucocutaneous lesions, might be influencing the continuous, low-disease activity state in BD patients. <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: None Declared
Abstract C12: Identification of potential protein targets of isothiocyanates by proteomics
Authors: Lixin Mi, Brian L. Hood, Nicolas A. Stewart, Zhen Xiao, Sudha Govind, Xiantao Wang, Thomas P. Conrads, Timothy D. Veenstra, Fung-Lung Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Isothiocyanates (ITCs), such as phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and sulforaphane (SFN), are effective cancer chemopreventive compounds. Induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis is believed to be a major mechanism for their cancer preventive activity. Our previous studies indicate that covalent binding to target proteins is an important upstream event. However, the identity of ITC binding targets remains largely unknown. To identify proteins that are covalently modified by ITCs, human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells were treated with 14C-PEITC and 14C-SFN and the cell lysates were extracted for analysis by 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. After superimposing the colloidal Coomassie blue protein staining pattern with the pattern of radioactivity obtained from X-ray films, it was clear that only a small fraction of cellular proteins contained radioactivity, presumably resulting from selective binding with PEITC or SFN via thiocarbamation. In this study, more than 30 proteins with a variety of biological functions, including cytoskeleton, redox regulation, protein quality control, stress response, mitochondria, and signaling transduction, were identified with high confidence. Here we report the identities of these potential ITC target proteins and discuss their biological relevance. The discovery of the protein targets may facilitate studies of the mechanisms by which ITCs exert their cancer preventive activity and provide molecular basis for designing more efficacious ITC compounds. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr C12.