tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Reference Hand-Book for Nurses.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

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P656Inhibition of hydrogen sulfide formation from L-cysteine provides cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Y Goshovska, T Shimanskaya, V Sagach
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is endogenously generated from L-cysteine by cystathionine-gamma-lyase (CSE). H2S donors demonstrate cardioprotective properties, however, role of endogenous H2S is not revealed. We hypothesized that exogenous L-cysteine may stimulate H2S synthesis and mediate cardioprotection. At the same time L-cysteine might be engaged in gluthatione production. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the modulation of H2S synthesis from L-cysteine in heart ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model.

Methods: 6-month old Wistar rats were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: 1) the control (n=6); 2) L-cysteine (121 mg/kg) (n=6); 3) PAG (11.3 mg/kg)+L-cysteine (n=5); 4) PAG (n=4); 5) PAG+BSO (DL-buthionine-sulfoximine, 22.2 mg/kg)+L-cysteine (n=9). All chemicals were injected intraperitonealy. Hearts were perfused by Langendorff preparation and underwent I/R protocol (20min/40min). Left ventricle developed pressure (LVDP) and dP/dt were registered. The effectiveness of oxygen utilization by myocardium was evaluated by oxygen cost of myocardial work (OCMW) expressed as the ratio of the oxygen consumption and the heart work (the product of the LVDP and the heart rate). For analysis of heart function recovery after I/R Mann-Whitney U-test was used. P values less than 0.05 were considered to be significant.

Results: L-cysteine along, as well as PAG, did not significantly improved heart function recovery after I/R and only tendency to increase of LVDP and dP/dt was observed. However, post-ischemic myocardial contraction was lower: hearts demonstrated improved cardiac relaxation as significantly lower end diastolic pressure values during all reperfusion period in both PAG- and L-cysteine-pretreated groups. Nevertheless, the dynamic of OCMW repeated the values of control group indicating non-effective oxygen utilization by myocardium. On the contrary, combined administration of PAG and L-cysteine provided more than 90% recovery of LVDP and dP/dt during all reperfusion period (p<0.005). Other parameters showed the same pattern of recovery including OCMW which at 10th min of reperfusion averaged only 134% comparing to 239% in control (p<0.028). Pre-treatment with BSO completely abolished carioprotective effect of PAG+L-cysteine treatment and the studied parameters repeated the values of the control group.

Conclusions. Our data demonstrate that L-cysteine in combination with PAG protects hearts from I/R injury and prevents non-effective oxygen utilization by ischemic myocardium. Observed cardioprotective effect is vastly depended on glutathione pathway of L-cysteine metabolism.
AB0255 Early rheumatoid arthritis: Diagnosis and outcome predictors
Authors: A.E. Elhewala, M.A. E.-H. Al-Toukhy, S.A. E.-M. Ibrahim, M.A. Mortada
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is difficult as no single clinical manifestation, laboratory test, or imaging study results allow a diagnosis of RA to be made with certainty. <h3>Objectives</h3> to detect the practical usefulness of ultrasonography (US), Doppler ultrasonography (PDUS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and anti-CCP antibody testing as predictors of diagnosis and outcome of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early inflammatory arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> sixty individuals were included in this study, forty patients with inflammatory arthritis and twenty apparently healthy subjects served as controls. All patients were subjected to full history taking &amp; thorough clinical examination then assess the DAS28.laboratory investigations were done in the form ofESR, CRP, Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 (anti-CCP2) antibodies and radiological investigations in the form of US and PDUS 40 jointssearching for evidences of synovitis and erosions. MRI of both wrists and hands; all patients were followed up for at least 12 months; at this point patients were diagnosed according to both the 1987 revised ACR and The 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. In order to detect the severity of the disease, the Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity Scale (RASS) was assessed. <h3>Results</h3> After one year, 50% of our patients fulfill ACR 1988 criteria of classification of RA while 62.5% fulfill 2010 RA ACR/EULAR classification criteria. There was a significant correlation between the UStotal score of synovitis, PDUS total score of synovitis,synovitis and bone marrow edema detected by MRI at base line and diagnosis of RA by either ACR 1988 or ACR 2010 criteria one year later.There was a significant correlation between the level of anti-CCP2 at base line and diagnosis of RA by ACR/EULAR 2010, one year later.There was a significant correlation (p≤0.01) between RASS in patients diagnosed as RA according to ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and each of the level of AntiCCP2 and the US total score of synovitis bone marrow edema detected by MRI at base line. However, there was a non-significant correlation between RASS and synovitis detected by either PDUS or MRI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> AntiCCP2, MSUS, PDUS and MRI are useful predictors for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early inflammatory arthritis. PDUS at base line does not correlate with severity of RA one year later <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
RISK PROFILE AND IMPACT OF PHARMACOLOGICAL THROMBOPROPHYLAXIS ON BLEEDING EVENT AND OUTCOME: INSIGHTS FROM A CONTEMPORARY STEMI PROSPECTIVE REGISTRY
Authors: Etienne Couture, Simon Berube, Karl Dalery, Paul Farand, Andre Gervais, Richard Harvey, Michel Nguyen, Benoit Daneault
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Glycolytic Enzymes Localize to Synapses under Energy Stress to Support Synaptic Function
Authors: SoRi Jang, Jessica C. Nelson, Eric G. Bend, Lucelenie Rodríguez-Laureano, Felipe G. Tueros, Luis Cartagenova, Katherine Underwood, Erik M. Jorgensen, Daniel A. Colón-Ramos
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Antimicrobial-Drug Resistance
Authors: Howard S. Gold, Robert C. Moellering
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Since their discovery, antimicrobial drugs have proved remarkably effective for the control of bacterial infections. However, it was soon evident that bacterial pathogens were unlikely to surrender unconditionally, because some pathogens rapidly became resistant to many of the first effective drugs. For example, the development of resistance to penicillin in Staphylococcus aureus by the production of a β-lactamase quickly decreased the usefulness of penicillin for serious staphylococcal infections, especially among hospitalized patients, in whom resistant strains are frequently found before they spread to the community.1 Initially, the problem of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs was solved by the discovery of . . .
PWE-038 Patient Controlled Propofol – do we Need an Anaesthetist?
Authors: J Portal, J Chalmers, J Smithson, C Beasley, A Strickland, H Blanshard, C Monk
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Propofol is widely used during endoscopy but there remains controversy around its safety, if administered by non-anaesthetists. In a review of endoscopist-administered Propofol of 600 000 patients, only four deaths were reported. Patient-controlled Propofol sedation (PCPS) has been used during ERCP with lower sedation scores reported. We therefore piloted the use of PCPS in an unselected population attending for ERCP. <h3>Methods</h3> PCPS was used in eleven patients undergoing ERCP. Proprofol 8mg/ml and Remifentanyl 10mcg/ml was administered via a patient controlled pump, under the guidance of trained anaesthetic staff. Outcomes included completion and safety. Adverse events were defined as saturations &lt; 90% or systolic &lt; 90mmHg. Recovery was measured using the Aldrete score. <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference between baseline demographics between the groups. In those undergoing PCPS, mean procedure time was significantly longer (24mins vs 40 mins, p = 0.04), althought this group tended to have more unwell patients (ASA grade) and a higher difficulty grade of ERCP (p = 0.06 and 0.05 respectively). There were no signifcant differences in frequency of adverse events between PCPS and standard sedation (p = 0.87). Also, there were no significant differences in recovery time, although Aldrete scores tended to be higher in the PCPS group. Endoscopist rating of how sedation was tolerated was significantly higher in the PCPS group (p = 0.04). 2 cases that had failed under standard sedation were subsequently completed using PCPS. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PCPS is an effective method of sedation for ERCP. This small UK based study shows that PCPS is at least as safe as standard sedation techniques, even when used in complex procedures in severely unwell patients. In the future, with appropriate training and governance, PCPS might be utilised without anaesthetic support. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Pelvic Angiography in the Diagnosis of Malignant Trophoblastic Disease
Authors: J. P. de V. Hendrickse, W. P. Cockshott, K. T. E. Evans, C. J. Barton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THERE is a high incidence of trophoblastic disease in Nigeria. Seventy-two patients with hydatidiform mole and 92 with malignant trophoblastic disease have been seen in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of U.C.H. Ibadan in the last seven years. As a result of this experience we believe that the traditional means of diagnosis of malignant trophoblastic disease possess many disadvantages. The established methods are based on histologic examination of tissue obtained from the uterus or from metastases and the presence of an increased excretion of human chorionic gonadotropin in the serum or urine.We wish to point out the . . .
THU0134 Favorable Outcome, a New Concept for the Evaluation of Health Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) not so Easy to Achieve: Results from the Espoir Cohort
Authors: C. Gaujoux-Viala, L. Gossec, M. Dougados, F. Guillemin, B. Fautrel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The relevant elements to evaluate health states in RA should include (1): a) Remission according to the new criteria of ACR / EULAR b) A criterion representing good functional ability: HAQ ≤0.5 and HAQ deterioration ≤0.25 c) A criterion representing structural damage: absence of progression of the Sharp score over 1 year The concept of favorable outcome could then be defined by the association of these 3 elements. An alternative definition of favorable outcome includes only the last 2 criteria: function + structure. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe patients with favorable outcome at 1 year and with sustained favorable outcome over 3 years in early arthritis (EA) in daily clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> - <i>Patients</i>: the French cohort ESPOIR (at least 2 swollen joints for less than 6 months and suspicion of RA) fulfilling the ACR-EULAR criteria for RA at baseline. - <i>Data collected</i>: at baseline, patients’ characteristics; every 6 months, bio-clinical variables and yearly, X-rays. - <i>Analysis</i>: The characteristics and health status of patients with favorable outcome (according to the two definitions, ie using 2 and 3 criteria) at 1 year, with repeated favorable outcome (favorable outcome at &gt;1 time-point) and with sustained favorable outcome (favorable outcome at 2 consecutive time-points) over 3 years were analyzed. <h3>Results</h3> 643 patients were analysed (mean age of patients 48±12 years; 78% were women; mean DAS28 5.4±1.2). At 1 year, 98 (17%) were in remission according to the Boolean ACR/EULAR definition, 340 (59%) had favorable function criterion and 374 (70%) had no structural progression. In all, 215 (40%) presented favorable outcome using the 2 criteria (function+structure) and 71 (13%) presented favorable outcome using the 3 criteria (clinical remission+function+structure). Over 3 years, 97 patients presented repeated favorable outcome using 2 criteria and 29, repeated favorable outcome using 3 criteria. Only 48 had sustained favorable outcome using 2 criteria and 14 sustained favorable outcome using 3 criteria (table). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The goals of treatment in EA are more and more ambitious, explaining the low proportion of patients with favorable outcome and even more with sustained favorable outcome. The most limiting criteria is clearly the Boolean ACR/EULAR remission, raising concerns about the place of patient reported outcomes. <h3>References</h3> Felson DT et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2011; 70(3):404-13 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Murine Sarcoma Virus-Induced Immunity in Mice 2 3
Authors: David H. Lavrin, Ronald B. Herberman, Myrthel Nunn, N. Soares
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article In Vitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Murine Sarcoma Virus-Induced Immunity in Mice Get access David H. Lavrin, David H. Lavrin 4Litton Bionetics, Inc., 5510 Nicholson Lane, Kensington, Md. 20795 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald B. Herberman, Ronald B. Herberman 5Cellular and Tumor Immunology Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Myrthel Nunn, Myrthel Nunn 5Cellular and Tumor Immunology Section, Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. Soares N. Soares 4Litton Bionetics, Inc., 5510 Nicholson Lane, Kensington, Md. 20795 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 5, November 1973, Pages 1497–1508, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.5.1497 Published: 01 November 1973 Article history Received: 14 February 1973 Accepted: 28 June 1973 Published: 01 November 1973
UTILIDAD DE HEMOCLIPS PROFILÁCTICOS EN POLIPECTOMÍAS DE PÓLIPOS PEDICULADOS DE GRAN TAMAÑO. ESTUDIO PROSPECTIVO Y ALEATORIZADO
Authors: E Quintanilla Lázaro, JL Castro Urda, A Ortega Carbonell, I Chico Álvarez, A Olivares Valles, A Alonso Prada, LR Rábago Torre, C Vicente Martín, F Gea Rodríguez
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: Las técnicas para la prevención del sangrado postpolipectomía no están estandarizadas, existiendo grupos que utilizan los hemoclips con este propósito.
EFFUSIVE-CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS SECONDARY TO MALIGNANT PERICARDIAL MESOTHELIOMA
Authors: Rajesh Tota-Maharaj, Salma Baksh, Amrit Thakoor, Vidarshi Muthukumarana, Jessica Dodge, Amirhossein Mahfoozi, Ira Galin, Hal Wasserman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 962: Similar preventive effects of naproxen and NO-naproxen in a chemically-induced model of urinary bladder cancer: Dose dependency, gene expression and toxicity
Authors: Clinton J. Grubbs, Yian Wang, Ming You, Vernon Steele, Daniel Boring, Ronald Lubet
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been highly effective in preventing colon, urinary bladder, and skin cancers preclinically; and also in clinical trials of colon adenoma formation. However, certain NSAIDs cause gastrointestinal (GI) ulceration and may increase cardiovascular (CV) events. Naproxen appears to cause the lowest CV events of the common NSAIDs other than aspirin. NO-naproxen was tested based on the finding that adding a nitric oxide (NO) group to NSAIDs may help alleviate GI toxicity, as well as the expectation that the production of NO itself might be therapeutically effective. We examined these agents in the hydroxybutyl(butyl)nitrosamine (OH-BBN) rat urinary bladder cancer model beginning 2 weeks after the last dose of carcinogen. Naproxen at doses of 400, 200, 128 or 75 ppm in the diet greatly decreased the development of large urinary bladder cancers. NO-naproxen at 183 or 550 ppm caused striking decreases in the incidence of large tumors implying that both agents are similarly effective. The lower doses of these agents are well below the human equivalent dose based on standard scaling factors. We are presently treating rats with naproxen by gavage and collecting serum to directly compare the pharmacokinetics of naproxen in the rat and human. To determine whether there was any indication of NO release in NO-naproxen treated rats, microarrays were performed with liver and bladder tissues from treated rats. Minimal differences in gene expression changes between the two agents were observed. Also, an ARE related response in the liver, which one would have expected from NO, was not seen. Thus, the data are compatible with limited direct effects of NO on urinary bladder cancer prevention. Supported by the NCI contract number HHSN261200433001C. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 962.
TM-16 * INVESTIGATING THE MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF TUMOR TREATING FIELDS: A COMPUTATIONAL MODELING STUDY
Authors: C. Wenger, P. C. Miranda, R. Salvador, P. J. Basser
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) have been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of recurrent glioblastoma multiforme. This is a non-invasive and regional therapy that entails delivering low-intensity (1-3 V/cm) alternating electric fields of intermediate frequency (∼ 200 kHz) to the brain via two perpendicular transducer arrays placed on the patient's scalp. Preclinical studies suggest the mechanism of action of TTFields is anti-mitotic, selectively affecting proliferating cells with no observed impact on quiescent cells. Effects such as prolonged and abnormal mitosis, as well as cell destruction in late cytokinesis, accompanied by rupture of the cell membrane and membrane blebbing are seen in vitro. These experiments also showed that the anti-mitotic effect is tuned to specific frequencies in different cancer cell lines. Additionally considering the specific morphology of proliferating cells, TTFields are thought to act by disrupting microtubule spindle arrangement and interfering with cytokinesis through the orientation of polar macromolecules in the direction of the impressed field. A computational model has been developed to test the influence of alternating fields on single cells during different stages of mitosis and cytokinesis, incorporating the distinct dielectric properties of cancerous glial cells. Simulations using a rounded cell during metaphase revealed that the distribution of the TTFields exhibits a transition region for which the intracellular electric field starts to significantly increase, possibly effecting microtubule spindle alignment. Furthermore models of different stages of cytokinesis predict a well-defined frequency at which dielectrophoretic forces induced in the hourglass shaped dividing cell reach a maximum. Depending on the length of the cleavage furrow this optimal frequency lies between 100 and 250 kHz, which is in agreement with experimentally observed frequencies at which TTFields are most effective in vitro. Additionally this modeling framework allows the study of effects of field strength, membrane properties and cell size.
Cognitive Impairment in Patients With Renal Failure Is Associated With Multiple-Infarct Dementia
Authors: P Lass, J R Buscombe, M Harber, A Davenport, A J Hilson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Patients undergoing long-term renal replacement therapy (such as dialysis) have an increased risk for significant cognitive impairment, which may result in memory problems and subsequently missed attendance at dialysis. The aim of this study was to try to identify any abnormalities of cerebral perfusion that could explain a patient's cognitive impairment and to determine if the pattern of these abnormalities would suggest a cause.17 patients (13 men; mean age, 60 years; age range, 29-74 years) in end-stage renal failure or on dialysis had SPECT imaging 10 minutes after injection of 550 MBq (15 mCi) Tc-99m HMPAO. Two of the patients had a history of previous stroke. Other risk factors for stroke were noted in most of the patients (hypertension in 10 patients, smoking or former smoking in 10 patients, and cardiac atherosclerosis in 7 patients). In all patients, attenuation correction was applied and the images were reconstructed into three sets of orthogonal slices. Activity in the frontal and temporal lobes was compared by quantification against the ipsilateral and contralateral cerebellum.Discrete cortical defects consistent with infarcts were seen in 14 patients. The mean right and left frontal-to-cerebellar ratio was 0.837 (SD, 0.09) and 0.837 (SD, 0.08), respectively. This was not significantly different from the right and left temporal-to-cerebellar ratios of 0.843 (SD, 0.07) and 0.848 (SD, 0.07), respectively. Both were within normally accepted ranges.Patients in end-stage renal failure who also had cognitive impairment appear to have a high number of cortical defects consistent with infarcts (suggesting a multiple-infarct type of dementia). There was no evidence of Alzheimer-type dementia.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF 511 keV SPECT AND PET, FOR MALIGNANCY DETECTION, USING SEPARATE 370 MBq FLUORINE-18-FDG DOSES ON DIFFERENT DAYS
Authors: D Lamonica, Z Grossman, D Klippenstein, H Wang, J Vilani, H Nabi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Lamonica, D; Grossman, Z; Klippenstein, D; Wang, H; Vilani, J; Nabi, H Author Information