tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-020 Broad cross-genotypic antibody responses to hcv e1e2 in clinical cohorts: epitope targets and clinical associations
Authors: R Swann, M Robinson, V Cowton, PR Mills, S Barclay, J McLauchlan, A Patel
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> HCV remains a major cause of liver morbidity and mortality worldwide. The capacity of HCV to rapidly mutate poses a challenge for immunisation as a preventative strategy. Increasing evidence suggests that the breadth of anti-HCV antibody response plays an important role in clinical outcomes.<sup>1</sup>Understanding virus and host factors associated with production of antibodies able to neutralise multiple strains of virus will help inform future vaccine design. We aimed to i) investigate the presence of broadly neutralising patient antibody (bNAb) responses targeting E1 and E2, ii) characterise the epitopes targeted by these bNAbs and iii) determine any association with clinical and host factors in patients chronically infected with HCV (CHCV). <h3>Method</h3> Purified serum IgGs were obtained from 52 CHCV patients without evidence of other liver pathologies. These were tested by ELISA for binding to E1E2 proteins derived from different HCV genotypes (gt), and for neutralising activity to these glycoproteins in the pseudoparticle (HCVpp) system. In a subset of 21 gt 1 infected patients, we assessed neutralising responses to a panel of HCVpp incorporating 11 gt 1 envelope glycoproteins and competition of bNAbs with conformational antibodies to known epitopes on E2. <h3>Results</h3> IgGs from 10 (19%) patients were able to neutralise HCVpp from &gt;4/6 subgenotypes tested (bNAb group). Heat-map analysis of competition with antibodies to known domains showed that IgGs from the bNAb group competed with multiple epitopes of E2 (rather than a single region). HCV viral load was significantly lower in those with broad ELISA binding (p = 0.036). The bNAb group had significantly lower median liver fibrosis (Fibroscan®) readings than those neutralising &lt;3 subgenotypes (p = 0.046). In the subgroup of 21 patients tested for neutralising ability against a gt 1 panel, individuals clustered into 9 broad, 7 moderate and 5 weak neutralisers on heat-map analysis. Broad neutralising profile was associated with lower levels of liver cirrhosis (p = 0.007). Broad intragenotypic neutralisation status was also associated with AA/AG at SNP rs9275224 in the HLA-DQB1 gene but there was no association with IL28B genotype. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have shown that patients with bNAb responses to HCV usually target multiple functional epitopes on the E1E2 protein. Host genotype may play a role in the ability to raise such responses and requires further exploration. Broadly neutralising antibodies are associated with lower rates of fibrosis in chronic infection and further work to determine if they are protective is warranted. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Osburn WO, Snider AE, Wells BL, <i>et al</i>. Clearance of hepatitis C infection is associated with the early appearance of broad neutralizing antibody responses. Hepatology 2014;59(6):2140–51
PWE-250 Clinical usefulness and safety of performing manometric guided sphincterotomy in patients with suspected type ii sphincter of oddi dysfunction: Abstract PWE-250 Table 1
Authors: V Ritchie, JS Leeds
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Persistent biliary pain following cholecystectomy can be a challenging symptom to manage and the role of sphinterotomy has been questioned. Manometry during ERCP has been available in our unit since 2013 for patients with suspected type II sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD). The aim of this study was to assess the response to sphincterotomy following manometric confirmation of a hypertensive sphincter and to assess the safety of this procedure. <h3>Method</h3> Patients fulfilling criteria for type II SOD underwent ERCP and manometry with the Cook long nose catheter. Pressure was zeroed in the duodenum prior to insertion into the common bile duct and a minimum of 2 pull-throughs performed. A persistent trough pressure ≥40 mmHg was considered hypertensive and an indication to perform sphincterotomy. All patients had rectal Diclofenac and an attempt at insertion of a prophylactic stent. Primary outcomes were reduction in abdominal pain and post-procedural complication rate. Coexistent anxiety, depression and functional disorders were also noted. <h3>Results</h3> 20 patients (mean age 42yrs and 18 females) were included (shown in Table 1). 4/20 did not receive a stent due to concomitant pancreas divisum (PD) and there were no complications during the procedure. 4/20 had acute pancreatitis post ERCP (3 mild, 1 moderate). Patients were followed-up at a mean of 10.9 weeks with the majority of patients finding benefit post sphincterotomy. 3/9 responders v 2/4 non-responders had a history of anxiety/depression and 6/10 responders v 2/4 non-responders had other functional disorders. 6 patients are awaiting follow-up. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Manometry is helpful in predicting response to sphincterotomy in patients with type II SOD with 71% having significantly improved or abolished pain at early follow up. Pancreatitis occurred in 20%, consistent with previous reports in the literature of up to 24%.<sup>1</sup>There was a higher proportion of anxiety/depression in non-responders but no difference in the proportion with functional disorders between groups. However, study numbers are too small to assess these parameters accurately. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Toouli <i>et al</i>. Functional Gallbladder and Sphincter of Oddi Disorders. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1498–1509
THU0492 Total Costs and Their Predictor Factors in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: V. Salaru, V. Sadovici, L. Mazur-Nicorici, O. Lozan, S. Vetrila, M. Mazur
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA), as a common joint9s disease, is associated with high healthcare resource utilization. It is important to determine the economic burden of the disease and the possible predictors which may increase the cost of the disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate the total annual costs and their predictors in patients with knee osteoarthritis in our country. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to January 2013. There were included consecutive patients that fulfilled the ACR classification criteria for knee OA (1991). We collected data on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, function limitation, use of health and social services, and effect on occupation and living arrangements over the previous 12 months. The direct medical costs comprised: medication, hospitalization, medical visits and investigations; the direct non-healthcare costs included informal care and patient out-of-pocket payments. Human capital approach was used to estimate indirect costs. Mean annual per patient total costs were calculated from a patient9s perspective. The intangibles costs were assessed by Willingness to Pay method. The cost9s predictors were determined by multiple regression analyses using direct, indirect and total costs as outcome variables. This study was conducted according to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (1996) and good clinical practice. <h3>Results</h3> There were 256 patients integrated in the study including 196 females and 60 males, mean age 62.4±9.5 (range 37 to 85) years. The disease duration was 8.1±6.7 (range 1-51) years. The average total cost, accounted $685, including: the direct costs - $485 (71.04%) per person per year and indirect costs - $190 (29%), respectively. The mean intangible cost was $1200, with a large range ($83 -$8400). Female gender, educational level and higher annual incomes caused an increase of direct costs (p&lt;0.001). The indirect costs were higher in patients with radiographic severe disease (p&lt;0.05), poor joint functionality (p&lt;0.01) and the presence of co-morbidities (p&lt;0.01). The intangibles costs were influenced by the pain level (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The knee osteoarthritis has a considerable economic burden on patient and health-care system. The maintenance of joint mobility and the control of disease progression may reduce the costs of knee osteoarthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Failure to Observe Tolerance of Foreign Tumor Implants in Mice Derived from Transferred Ova
Authors: Morris K. Barrett, Walter H. Hansen, Margaret K. Deringer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Failure to Observe Tolerance of Foreign Tumor Implants in Mice Derived from Transferred Ova Get access Morris K. Barrett, Morris K. Barrett National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter H. Hansen, Walter H. Hansen National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret K. Deringer Margaret K. Deringer National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 5, April 1956, Pages 1305–1306, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.5.1305 Published: 01 April 1956 Article history Received: 14 December 1955 Published: 01 April 1956
ARTIFICIAL FEVER THERAPY
Authors: E ANTONIAZZI
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Continuous release, solid depot, subcutaneous leuprolide acetate formulations to achieve and maintain castrate level serum testosterone levels below 20ng/dL in 4 open label, fixed dose studies.
Authors: Neal D. Shore, John A. McLane, David W. Osborne, Alex Yang, E. David Crawford
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e16062 Background: Growing evidence (eg, Klotz et al, EAU Congress 2014) suggest that prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy who attained castrate levels of testosterone (T) ≤ 20 ng/dL may experience increased overall survival and time to PSA progression free survival. Hence, the European Association of Urology guidelines updated the castrate target to T ≤ 20 ng/dL. To determine if the LHRH agonist leuprolide acetate (LA) formulated with ATRIGEL suppressed T to a more rigorous ≤ 20 ng/dL target, this analysis evaluated patients treated with ATRIGEL-LA in 1, 3, 4, and 6 month formulations. Methods: Male patients (age 40-86) with prostate cancer were treated with a single subcutaneous depot formulation of LA: 7.5, 22.5, 30, or 45 mg over 1, 3, 4, or 6 months, respectively in four open label, fixed dose pivotal trials. Serum T at screening, baseline, 2, 4, 8 hours post-dosing, days 1, 2, 3, 7, and every visit until next dose were sampled, after which, the sampling schedule repeated until the end of the study (at least 2 doses per study). Descriptive statistics summarized T suppression. Results: The majority of patients reached T ≤ 20 ng/dL within 4 weeks. In all trials, mean serum T levels at end of study were consistently < 20 ng/dL (6.1 ± 0.4, 10.1 ± 0.7, 12.4 ± 0.8, 12.6 ± 2.1 ng/dL for the 1 [N = 120], 3 [N = 117], 4 [N = 90], 6 month doses [N = 111], respectively). At 6 months of treatment, 96%, 93%, 96%, and 92% of patients showed serum T ≤ 20 ng/dL for the 1, 3, 4, and 6-month formulations, respectively. Conclusions: During treatment weeks 6-24, > 90% of patients in all ATRIGEL-LA trials reached the more rigorous ≤ 20 serum T levels as seen with orchiectomy. These results suggest that ATRIGEL-LA administered subcutaneously achieves favorable T suppression, which may represent an important metric for improving survival and delaying prostate cancer progression. T was suppressed ≤ 20 ng/dL in over 90% of patients in all ATRIGEL-LA trials. Week Proportion (%) of patients with T ≤ 20 ng/dL 1 month (N = 120) 3 month (N = 117) 4 month (N = 90) 6 month (N = 111) 4 76 84 67 83 6 96* 92* 90* 94* 8 95* 91* 94* 96* 12 97* 91* 96* 96* 24 96* 93* 96* 92* * > 90% of patients T ≤ 20 ng/dL.
The Genetics of Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Stephen B. Gruber, Wendy Kohlmann
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant condition accounting for 3% to 5% of all colorectal cancer. HNPCC is caused by germline mutations in the mismatch repair system and is recognized by a characteristic clinical phenotype as well as a hallmark of the tumors termed “microsatellite instability.” Microsatellite instability serves as a molecular fingerprint for defective mismatch repair and has proven to be useful in the molecular diagnostic workup for HNPCC. The crystal structure of the DNA mismatch repair protein MutS has been solved, providing insight into the molecular basis of defective mismatch repair. Genetic testing has become a key component of the treatment of patients and families with HNPCC, and enhanced surveillance for HNPCC has been shown to reduce the rate of colorectal cancer by more than half and improve 10-year survival from 68% to 93%.
Autoantibodies to brain lipids in schizophrenia
Authors: A L Pelonero, A K Pandurangi, V P Calabrese
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Serum IgG antibody to brain lipids was measured with an ELISA technique in 38 schizophrenic patients and 22 normal subjects. There were no significant differences between groups. The authors discuss methodological differences between this study and studies with positive findings.
Effects of an ACTH short chain neuropeptide in man
Authors: R L Dornbush, B Shapiro, A M Freedman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors studied the effect of an ACTH 4-9 analogue (the shortest behaviorally active fragment of the ACTH neuropeptide) on mood in normal aging volunteers. These mood changes, described as a sense of well-being, energy, and drive, are consistent with an arousal-stimulant mechanism of action of the compound. No effect of the compound was found on attention or memory. Because of its apparent safety and the lack of adverse effects, the authors suggest that this short chain neuropeptide be further explored in older individuals for its mood-elevating and potential antidepressant properties.
Intensive treatment with haloperidol of treatment-resistant chronic schizophrenic patients
Authors: L E Hollister, D Y Kim
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors treated 11 treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients with steadily increasing doses of haloperidol to determine the therapeutic range of plasma concentrations in such patients. Six patients responded, usually within a few weeks of treatment and at doses of 50 mg/day or less; plasma concentrations ranged between 17 and 42 ng/ml. Five patients were unresponsive, despite treatment for 13-22 weeks, doses of haloperidol of 180-270 mg/day, and plasma concentrations of 51-225 ng/ml. Doses greater than 150 mg/day appear unnecessary, because lesser doses generally provide plasma concentrations of 20-50 ng/ml. Failure to respond within 2 months of reaching such doses or plasma concentrations augurs for continued lack of response.
Occupation and relative risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC): A 45-year follow-up study in 4 Nordic countries
Authors: Jose Hernán Alfonso, Jan Ivar Martinsen, Eero Pukkala, Elisabete Weiderpass, Laufey Tryggvadottir, Karl-Christian Nordby, Kristina Kjærheim
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)

BackgroundThe age-adjusted incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in the Nordic countries has increased during the last 60 years, and the identification of occupational variation in the relative risk of cSCC may have preventive implications.ObjectiveWe sought to describe variation in the relative risk of cSCC between occupational categories in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden.MethodsThis is a historical prospective cohort study based on record linkages between census data for 12.9 million people and cancer registry data from 1961 to 2005. Standardized incidence ratios for cSCC were estimated for 53 occupational categories with the cSCC incidence rates for the national population of each country used as reference.ResultsDuring follow-up, 87,619 incident cases of cSCC were reported to the national cancer registries. In all countries combined, significant increased standardized incidence ratios were observed among seamen, military personnel, public safety workers, technical workers, teachers, transport workers, physicians, dentists, nurses, other health workers, religious workers, clerical workers, administrators, and sale agents (standardized incidence ratios between 1.08 and 1.77).LimitationsInformation on occupation was based on 1 point in time only.ConclusionThe occupational variation of the relative risk of cSCC might be associated with socioeconomic factors, and to some extent to occupational exposures. The age-adjusted incidence of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) in the Nordic countries has increased during the last 60 years, and the identification of occupational variation in the relative risk of cSCC may have preventive implications. We sought to describe variation in the relative risk of cSCC between occupational categories in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. This is a historical prospective cohort study based on record linkages between census data for 12.9 million people and cancer registry data from 1961 to 2005. Standardized incidence ratios for cSCC were estimated for 53 occupational categories with the cSCC incidence rates for the national population of each country used as reference. During follow-up, 87,619 incident cases of cSCC were reported to the national cancer registries. In all countries combined, significant increased standardized incidence ratios were observed among seamen, military personnel, public safety workers, technical workers, teachers, transport workers, physicians, dentists, nurses, other health workers, religious workers, clerical workers, administrators, and sale agents (standardized incidence ratios between 1.08 and 1.77). Information on occupation was based on 1 point in time only. The occupational variation of the relative risk of cSCC might be associated with socioeconomic factors, and to some extent to occupational exposures.
Chemoprevention of Breast Cancer: Recommendations and Rationale
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

This statement summarizes the current recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) for chemoprevention of breast cancer. The complete USPSTF recommendation and rationale statement on this topic, including a summary of the supporting evidence, is available through the USPSTF Web site (www.preventiveservices.ahrq.gov), the National Guideline Clearinghouse (www.guideline.gov), and in print through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Publications Clearinghouse (telephone, 800-358-9295; e-mail, ahrqpubs@ahrq.gov). The complete information on which this statement is based, including evidence tables and references, is available in the accompanying article in this issue and in the summary of the evidence and systematic evidence review on the Web sites already mentioned. *For a list of the members of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, see the Appendix.
Differences in resource use and cost among facilities treating alcohol, drug abuse, and mental disorders: implications for design of a prospective payment system
Authors: T G McGuire, B Dickey, G E Shively, I Strumwasser
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Specialized psychiatric facilities, including qualified distinct-part units in general hospitals, are exempt from Medicare's diagnosis-related group prospective payment system (PPS). One major reason for continuing the exemption is the redistribution of revenue that would probably occur if a single national price were established for care at the diverse facilities that treat patients with psychiatric and substance abuse disorders. This study investigated the extent of such potential redistribution in a private health insurance data base and found that a PPS would systematically underpay specialized facilities and systematically overpay general hospitals without specialized units. Alternatives for addressing this problem are discussed.
Abstract 2701: Late Gadolinium Enhancement Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Predicts Lack of Functional Recovery in Patients with New Onset Heart Failure Undergoing Optimal Therapy
Authors: Rafael Romaguera, Mercedes Nadal-Barangé, Jordi Estornell, Victoria Jacas, Leandro Perez-Bosca, Miguel Corbi, Alberto Trigo, Ana Laynez, Ildefonso Echánove, Francisco Ridocci-Soriano
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Some patients with heart failure may have a marked improvement in left ventricular function (LVF) even in the absence of optimized drug therapy. Previous data shows that the proportion of patients matching the criteria for device implantation dropped significantly after 6 months on optimal medial therapy. However the predictors of recovery in LVF are not well understood. Objetive : We evaluated the feasibility of using late gadolinium enhancemnet cardiovascular magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) to predict the improvement in LVF in new onset heart failure (AHF) patients on optimized medical therapy. Methods : Seventy six patients admitted with AHF and EF &lt; 35% underwent LGE-CMR. Baseline and follow-up echocardiography was performed to assess functional recovery. We evaluated change in the proportion of patients who satisfied criteria for device implantation (EF&lt; 35%) after 7 month on optimal therapy. Results : During follow-up 81% were treated with B-Blockers, 91% with ACEI and 33% with spironolactone. Twenty two patients (29%) had late gadolinium enhancement. Change in LVF was significantly hgher in patients who did not show LGE-CMR (p&lt; 0.006). Al follo-up 55% of patients not satisfied criteria for device implantation as they developed functional recovery. Multvariate analysis showed that LGE-CMR (OR 0.10, CI 0.02–0.48, p =0.004), left bundle branch block (OR 0.14 CI 0.03–0.70, p=0.0017) and betablockers (OR 5.94 CI 1.12–31.40, p=0.006) were indepent predictors of functional recovery. Conclusions : The proportion of patients with AHF who satisfied criteria for device implantation as a primary prevention, dropped signifcantly after 7 months on optimal medial treatment. Late gadolinium enhancement CMR is a useful tool to identify these patients