tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Reactive Hyperemia and Coronary Vascular Reactivity in the Dog
Authors: EDUARDS EIKENS, DAVID E. L. WILCKEN
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

Using electromagnetic flow transducers on the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery in anesthetized dogs and in conscious dogs, we examined the effects of repeated brief coronary artery occlusions on reactive hyperemic responses and those of injected vasodilators given before the occlusions and in the immediate postreactive hyperemic period on coronary blood flow responses. Three successive occlusions (4 or 8 seconds) at 1-minute intervals were accompanied by decreasing reactive hyperemia; the full response was restored after 5 minutes. Beta-receptor blockade reduced resting coronary blood flow, blood pressure, and heart rate, but it did not change this response pattern. When injections of adenosine, glyceryl trinitrate, or papaverine were given before and after a sequence of a 4-second and an 8-second occlusion performed 1 minute apart, the postocclusion vasodilator responses were reduced for up to 3 minutes. We concluded that the coronary vascular reactivity in the immediate postreactive hyperemic period was temporarily reduced. The mechanisms are not understood, but the results suggest that the reduced reactivity was not due to the depletion of a vasodilator metabolite produced during ischemia or to the development of tachyphylaxis to the coronary vasodilating action of adenosine. Also, the reduction in reactivity was not mediated through beta action of catecholamines.
IMPACT OF CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION STRATEGY ON CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSIONS
Authors: Ahmad Jabbar, Georgios Christopoulos, Omar Jeroudi, Abdallah El Sabbagh, Michele Roesle, Bavana Rangan, Shuaib Abdullah, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Withholding and Withdrawal of Life Support from the Critically Ill
Authors: Nicholas G. Smedira, Bradley H. Evans, Linda S. Grais, Neal H. Cohen, Bernard Lo, Molly Cooke, William P. Schecter, Carol Fink, Eve Epstein-Jaffe, Christine May, John M. Luce
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

We investigated decisions to withhold or withdraw life support from patients in the medical-surgical intensive care units at the Moffitt-Long Hospital of the University of California and San Francisco General Hospital, from July 1987 through June 1988. Among 1719 patients admitted to the two intensive care units, life support was withheld from 22 (1 percent) and withdrawn from 93 (5 percent). The reason for limiting care was poor prognosis. Of these 115 patients (18 of whom were considered brain-dead), 89 died in the intensive care unit (accounting for 45 percent of all deaths there), and all but 1 of the remaining patients died after transfer from the intensive care unit. Thirteen (11 percent) had earlier expressed the wish that their terminal care be limited, but this affected care in only four cases. Only 5 of the 115 patients made the actual decision to limit care; the others were incompetent at the time. Of the latter, 102 had families who participated in the decision; family members of the other 8 incompetent patients could not be found, and the decisions were made by physicians. Only 10 families initially disagreed with the recommendations to limit care, and they later agreed. The median duration of intensive care among the patients from whom life support was withheld or withdrawn was eight days at Moffitt-Long Hospital and four days at San Francisco General, as compared with medians of three and one days, respectively, for other patients who died in the intensive care units. We conclude that although life-sustaining care is withheld or withdrawn relatively infrequently from patients in the intensive care unit, such decisions precipitate about half of all deaths in the intensive care units of the hospitals we studied. In most of these cases the patients are incompetent, but physicians and families usually agree to limit care.
EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD DE UNA CPRE DIFERIDA TRAS EL FRACASO DE CANULACIÓN CON PRECORTE
Authors: M Martinez, NC Escajadillo, MÁ Ríos, J Colan, C Guarner, M Concepción, C Gómez, C Guarner
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: El precorte permite aumentar el éxito en el acceso a la vía biliar o pancreática. A pesar de su utilidad, el procedimiento puede ser complejo y, en ocasiones, la aparición de edema submucoso o hemorragia impide la canulación profunda. Una segunda CPRE tras la resolución de estos fenómenos locales suele permitir una canulación sencilla. Sin embargo, el retraso del drenaje biliar podría aumentar las complicaciones.
AB0817-HPR Activity of telephone consultation to nursing by request in rheumatology
Authors: C. Najera, J. Ivorra, I. Chalmeta, E. Grau, J. L. Valero, M. D. Garcia-Armario, C. Molina, I. Martinez-Cordellat, R. Negueroles, L. Gonzalez-Puig, M. L. Muñoz, C. Nuñez-Cornejo, C. Alcañiz, J. A. Roman-Ivorra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The role of the nursing consultation in rheumatology is becoming more prevalent, especially in patient monitoring, reducing the burden of care of rheumatologists in many cases where in-person consultation with the rheumatologist is not required. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze the usefulness of telephone consultation to nursing staff to resolve doubts and/or health incidents to rheumatic patients and to assess the involvement of physicians on it. <h3>Methods</h3> We collected clinical data for the period between June 2012 and January 2013 of all telephone consultation received in the nursing department: clinical and laboratory data, number of calls, characteristics of the proposed consultation and its resolution, and involvement of the rheumatologist in consultations. <h3>Results</h3> We registered 122 telephone consultations, in which 77% of cases the nursing staff resolved the consultation (72% of them require the nurse consultant support by the rheumatologist) and in 88.5% of all consultations have required an additional call from the nursing. From the 23% of the queries unresolved by nurses (n=28), 19 cases required telephone consultation with the patient's rheumatologist, and 7 cases were derived to an in-person appointment with the doctor (5 cases the rheumatologist, 1 to Emergency door and 1 to Primary Care). Patients who performed telephone consultations are mostly diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis (40.2%), ankylosing spondylitis (13.1%) and systemic lupus erythematous (9.8%). 49.2% of the patients were treated with methotrexate, and 35.3% received biologic therapy. Consultations by patients are for different reasons, but the 22.9% of consultations were supply problems in medication, 19.7% were disease outbreaks and 9.8% to check analytical results. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Telephone consultation to nurse staff contributes greatly to answer questions from patients about disease outbreaks, as well as problems in treatment and/or analytical results, without the presence of the rheumatologist. It also prevents unnecessary movement of patients, reducing the number of telephone consultations and medical attendance, and helping manage health hospital resources effectively. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Circulating tumor cells and FDG-PET/CT: biological and functional methods for therapeutic monitoring in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: M Cristofanilli, U De Giorgi, E Rohren, NT Ueno, C Miller, GV Doyle, S Jackson, E Andreopoulou, BC Handy, JM Reuben, GN Hortobagyi, HA Macapinlac, HA Fritsche, V Valero
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6052 Introduction: The combination of Computed Tomography (CT) and [18F] Fluorodeoxyglucose - Positron Emission Tomography (FDG-PET) scanning technologies provides a more complete picture of disease activity than CT alone. Circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels were shown to be more predictive than standard imaging (CT) when used to monitor disease progression in women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We performed a retrospective study to compare the ability of combined FDG-PET/CT to CTC to predict clinical outcomes in patients treated for MBC.&amp;#x2028; Methods: One hundred and two MBC patients with either measurable or evaluable disease starting a new line of therapy had CTC counts and FDG-PET/CT scans done at baseline (BL) and at mid-therapy. CTC: 7.5mL of blood collected in CellSave tubes at both time points was assayed for CTC using the FDA approved CellSearch® System. Patients were categorized as having a favorable (&amp;lt;5CTC) or unfavorable (≥5CTC) outcome. Imaging: non-contrast-enhanced CT images were acquired first, then FDG-PET/CT scans were performed after administering a mean dose of 555 MBq FDG (range 444-740 MBq) to fasting patients. CT, PET, and co-registered CT-PET images were reviewed independently by 2 radiologists. The highest recorded FDG uptake was semi-quantitatively analyzed and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV) calculated with response = SUV of &amp;lt;50% in target lesions and no response = SUV of &amp;gt;50%. Changes in CTC and SUV at mid-therapy were compared to progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).&amp;#x2028; Results: CTC: 50% (51/102) patients had ≥5 CTC at baseline (BL). At mid-therapy (median 2.5 months from BL), 21/102 progressed (≥5CTC) with a median PFS of 2.8 months vs. 7.8 months for those with no progression (&amp;lt;5CTC) (p&amp;lt;0.0001). OS was 10.0 months for patients with ≥5CTC at mid-therapy vs. 29.6 months for those with &amp;lt;5CTC (p&amp;lt;0.0001). PET/CT: 48% (49/102) patients showed no response at mid-therapy with median OS = 17.4 months vs. 29.6 months for those responding (p=0.0020). Overall, there was approximately 75% concordance in predicting outcomes between imaging and CTC assay changes [Table 1]. The majority of patients with discordant results had more advanced aggressive disease, i.e., &amp;gt;2nd line chemotherapy and triple-negative disease.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusion: ≥5 CTC and/or no response at FDG-PET/CT at mid-therapy accurately predicted significantly shorter OS. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6052.
Normal Plasma Cholesterol in an 88-Year-Old Man Who Eats 25 Eggs a Day
Authors: Fred Kern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

DIETARY cholesterol increases the plasma level of total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis and its complications, but individual responses to a given change in the dietary cholesterol level vary widely.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Such responses are reproducible to some extent, suggesting genetic as well as physiologic determinants.8 , 9 Several genetic determinants have been identified in nonhuman primates.10 11 12 13 The homeostatic and regulatory mechanisms that maintain a relatively constant level of plasma cholesterol despite changes in dietary cholesterol intake include alterations in the efficiency of intestinal absorption and in the rates of cholesterol biosynthesis, LDL-receptor activity, secretion of cholesterol into . . .
P06.08 * SYSTEMIC TREATMENT OF MENINGIOMAS: IS THERE A ROLE FOR LONG-ACTING SOMATOSTATIN?
Authors: M. Magistrello, E. Trevisan, L. Bertero, A. Pellerino, R. Ruda, R. Soffietti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors. Resection and/or radiation therapy are the treatments of choice. Medical therapies have been investigated for inoperable, recurrent and aggressive meningiomas (grade III), but the optimal medical treatment is yet to be defined. Among biologic agents somatostatin has been found to inhibit meningioma growth due to the presence of somatostatin receptors on the surface of the tumors. AIM: We retrospectively reviewed our experience with sandostatin to assess the efficacy and toxicity in the treatment of recurrent meningiomas failing standard treatments. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A total of 17 patients (7 women and 10 men, median age 65 years) with recurrent grade I or II or III meningiomas have been studied. All patients had already been treated with multiple surgeries or radiation treatments, and all had an overexpression of somatostatin receptors by octreotide scintigraphy. Before treatment KPS ranged from 60 to 90. The patients received long-acting somatostatin on a monthly administration schedule. Radiographic response on MRI has been assessed by MacDonald Criteria. RESULTS: Patients received 3 to 18 cycles (median 9) of somatostatin. Response was as follows: PR in 1 patient, MR in 1 patient, SD in 2 patients and PD in 13 patients. Progression-free survival at 6 months was 56%, while PFS ranged from 3 to 25 months with a median of 6 months. Toxicity was uncommon (2 patients) and manageable. CONCLUSION: Long acting somatostatin displays only minor activity as salvage treatment for recurrent meningiomas after surgery and radiation therapy.
FRI0079 Plasma Pentraxin3 (PTX3) as A Novel Useful Biomarker for Infection in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Authors: M. Katayama, S. Tsuji, A. Kikuchi-Taura, A. Kitatobe, A. Yura, S. Teshigawara, M. Yoshimura, A. Watanabe, E. Kudo-Tanaka, Y. Harada, M. Matsushita, Y. Katada, S. Oshima, J. Hashimoto, Y. Saeki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Infection is a critical complication that occurs during the management of RA patients. High levels of serum C-reactive protein (CRP), is not easily distinguishable between the exacerbations of RA from infections. PTX3 is a novel biomarker which responds to local inflammation. The following study evaluates the diagnostic use of PTX3 in RA patients with high levels of CRP. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the diagnostic use of PTX3 in RA patients with high levels of CRP. <h3>Methods</h3> 18 RA patients with infections (infection RA: iRA), 20 with high disease activity of RA (flare RA: fRA) and 23 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Patients whom pathogens were identified were designated as iRA (15 bacterial, 2 viral and 1 mycosis). We measured PTX3, CRP, procalcitonin (PCT) and neutrophil CD64 (nCD64), pre- and post-treatments (iRA and fRA) and at any time (HC). PTX3 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). mCD64 was measured by a quantitative flow cytometry using fluorescene microbeads. Levels of respective measurements at both pre- and post-treatment were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and comparisons of levels within each group were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney9s U-test. <h3>Results</h3> At pre-treatment, levels of PTX3 in iRA (15.1±20.7 ng/ml) are significantly higher compared with those in fRA (3.6±4.2 ng/ml). Both levels for iRA and fRA were significantly higher compared with those in HC (0.89±0.91 ng/ml). Additionally, levels of PCT (0.048±0.042 ng/ml) and nCD64 (1488±470 molecules per cell) at pre-treatment in fRA were &lt;0.5 ng/ml and &lt;2,000 molecules per cell, respectively. After treatment, levels of PTX3 (p&lt;0.01), CRP (p&lt;0.01), PCT (p&lt;0.01), nCD64 (p&lt;0.01) were significantly decreased in iRA. In fRA, CRP (p&lt;0.01), PCT (p&lt;0.01), nCD64 (p=0.02) were significantly decreased after treatment, but PTX3 levels were not (p=0.13). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Plasma PTX3 levels may be a helpful tool in distinguishing worsening of RA from complications due to infection. <h3>References</h3> Nature 1994; 367:338-45 Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 119:196–202 J Rheumatol. 2006; 33:2416-24 J Rheumatol. 2012; 39:1517-23 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3761
Abstract 4355: The C19MC miRNA polycistron are frequent targets of gene amplification in aggressive primitive neuroectodermal brain tumors and encode oncogenic miRNAs that inhibit normal neural stem cell differentiation
Authors: Meihua Li, Kyle Lee, Yuntao Lu, Ian Clarke, David Shih, Tim Van Meter, Limei Zhou, Daniel Picard, Piergiorgio Modena, Scott Pomeroy, Ching C. Lau, Micheal D. Taylor, Eric Bouffet, James T. Rutka, Amar Gajjar, Peter B. Dirks, Cynthia E. Hawkins, Annie Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Embryonal brain tumors which include medulloblastoma and primitive neuroectodermal brain tumors (CNS-PNET) comprise the largest group of malignant pediatric brain tumors and account for substantial cancer related morbidity and mortality in childhood. Unlike medulloblastoma, a common, cerebellar PNET, few CNS-PNET arising in extracerebellar locations have been characterized. Lack of insight into the molecular pathogenesis of CNS-PNET is a major obstacle towards development of much-needed disease-specific models and treatments for these devastating tumors. In this study, we performed high-resolution DNA copy number analysis on a substantial collection of primary CNS-PNET obtained through an international collaborative group, and discovered a frequent amplicon in 25% (11/46) of CNS-PNET which span 34 protein coding genes and two miRNA clusters, C19MC and miR-371-373, on chr19q13.41. Detailed mapping studies revealed C19MC, which encode 54 primate-specific miRNAs, as the specific target of gene amplification resulting in striking tumor-specific overexpression of a sub-set of miRNAs, including miR-520 g and miR- 517c. Stable expression of miR-520 g and miR-517c promoted in vitro and in vivo oncogenicity and conferred cell survival in tumor cell lines. Strikingly expression of both miR-520g and 517c promoted growth and inhibited differentiation of untransformed normal human neural stem cells. Notably, clinicopathologic analyses revealed that C19MC amplification identifies a distinct group of CNS-PNET with similar gene expression profiles, characteristic histology, and much poorer survival. Our aggregate findings which point to C19MC as an important, new oncogenic locus in a human cancer, have significant implications for the diagnosis and clinical management of embryonal brain tumors in children. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4355.
Abstract 5226: Potential anti-tumor effect of a small molecule dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor, 4175, in colorectal cancer
Authors: Jiping Zhang, Alexander W. MacFarlane, Barry Jones, William Bachovchin, Kerry Cambpell, Hossein Borghaei
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Cetuximab is an effective therapeutic agent in a number of malignancies. Current data indicates that about 30% of colorectal cancer patients bearing mutated K-ras do not benefit from this agent. A possible mechanism of the antitumor effect of cetuximab is mediated through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). The present study is aimed to investigate the potential activity of Ari-4175, a broad -spectrum inibitor of prolyl peptidases and a potent immune stimulator in the treatment of K-ras mutant colorectal cancer xenografts as a single agent or in combination with cetuximab. Methods: The effect of Ari-4175 alone or in combination with cetuximab was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, the proliferation of K-ras mutant colon cancer cell lines DLD-1 and HCT-116 was detected after three days of culture in the medium containing various concentrations of Ari-4175 or cetuximab. In vivo, nude mice bearing DLD-1 or HCT-116 xenograft tumors were randomly divided into four groups, control, Ari-4175 alone, cetuximab alone and Ari-4175 plus cetuximab. Ari-4175 was administered orally at 100 ug, q.d or b.i.d and cetuximab was injected i.p at 200 ug per week. Tumor measurements were conducted twice a week. Peripheral blood was collected from the mice before the treatment or after 7 to 14 days of the treatment. CD16 expression on NK cells was monitored by flow cytometry. Results: Ari-4175 (10 nM ∼ 200 uM) alone or in combination with cetuximab did not show significant cytotoxicity on either DLD-1 or HCT-116 in cell culture. However, the growth of both DLD-1 and HCT-116 tumors were significantly blocked by the application of Ari-4175 in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of Ari-4175 with cetuximab lead to a further decrease in tumor size although not statistically significant, probably due to lower number of animals. Cetuximab alone did not show any therapeutic effect on HCT-116 xenograft but did have moderate efficacy on DLD-1 tumors. Treatment with Ari-4175 also increased the level of CD16 on mouse NK cells. Conclusion: The prolyl peptidase inhibitor, Ari-4175, showed anti-tumor effect in K-ras mutant colorectal cancer xengrafts when given alone or in combination with cetuximab. The therapeutic effect of 4175 might partially be due to the augmentation of ADCC through elevating expression of CD16 (FcγRIIIA) on NK cells. Our study provides the basis of testing Ari-4175 in a clinical trial. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5226. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5226
Association between smoking history and disease-free and overall survival in resected gastric cancer.
Authors: E. C. Smyth, V. E. Strong, M. Capanu, Y. Y. Janjigian, D. G. Coit, D. P. Kelsen, M. A. Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4095 Background: Smoking history is associated with reduced survival in lung, head/neck, cervical and bladder cancers. Lung cancer in never smokers has distinct molecular characteristics and responsiveness to treatment. Smoking is modestly associated with the development of gastric cancer (GC) (HR ∼2.0). Little is known regarding smoking history and the biology of GC or its outcome. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that among GC patients, cigarette smoking is associated with decreased time to recurrence and overall survival (OS). Methods: From a prospective surgical database at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, all resected pts with GC from 1995 to 2008 were identified, and pt age, sex, stage and histology were obtained. Following IRB approval, chart review was performed to obtain body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (alb), performance status (PS), treatment and smoking status—defined as never (<100 cigarettes), current, or former smoker (quit > 1y ago). OS and recurrence-free survival (RFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to investigate the association of OS and RFS with tobacco after adjusting for potential risk factors. Results: 364 nonmetastatic resected pts (338 R0) have been evaluated of a planned total 1,105. Median age 68 (range 27-90), M/F 211/153, median BMI 25.6/m2, Hb 12.8 g/dl, alb 4.2 g/dl; 54 (15%) current smokers, 154 (42%) never, 124 (34%) former smokers, 32 (9%) unknown. 43 (11.8%) were diabetic. With median follow-up of 6.3y, 123 pts recurred and 197 died. In multivariate analysis including diabetes, PS, alb, Hb, smoking status, and tumor stage, increasing stage (p<0.0001) and current or former smoking (p<0.0003) are independently associated with increased risk of recurrence and worse OS (see Table). Conclusions: Being a never smoker is a significant independent predictor of RFS and OS among patients with resected GC. Tobacco use appears to be associated with more aggressive GC biology. Smoking status 1y RFS 2y RFS HR RFS 1y OS 2y OS HR OS Past/current smoker 71% 59% 1 83% 69% 1 Never smoker 82% 71% 0.46 (CI 0.3-0.7) 88% 76% 0.45 (CI 0.3-0.7) No significant financial relationships to disclose.