tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
S80 Localisation of the site of fixed airflow obstruction in moderate to severe asthma using hyperpolarised helium-3 MRI
Authors: S. Gonem, I. Ball, S. Corkill, D. Desai, A. Singapuri, P. Gustafsson, J. Owers-Bradley, C. Brightling, S. Siddiqui
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Moderate and severe asthma are often associated with a degree of fixed airflow obstruction. We aimed to comprehensively characterise a group of patients with moderate to severe asthma using a variety of standard and novel physiological techniques, including hyperpolarised helium-3 magnetic resonance imaging (He-3 MRI), in order to non-invasively localise the major site of airway obstruction within the bronchial tree. <h3>Methods</h3> We recruited 17 patients with moderate asthma (GINA 3/4), 12 patients with severe asthma (GINA 5) and fifteen healthy control subjects. Participants undertook standard pulmonary function tests, multiple breath washout (MBW) and impulse oscillometry (IOS). Five healthy subjects and 10 patients with asthma also undertook He-3 MRI. Two MRI sequences were performed. The first sequence allowed derivation of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), a measure of alveolar airspace size, while the second sequence allowed derivation of the modelled parameters R and h, representing acinar outer airway radius and alveolar sleeve width respectively, as introduced by Yablonskiy <i>et al</i>.1 <h3>Results</h3> Patients with asthma displayed evidence of fixed airflow obstruction and air trapping, with reduced FEV<sub>1</sub> and increased RV/TLC ratio, compared to healthy controls. However, Kco was higher in patients with asthma than in controls. The MBW small airway marker S<sub>acin</sub> was significantly raised in patients with asthma compared to healthy controls (healthy=0.126, GINA 3/4 asthma=0.173, GINA 5 asthma=0.213; p=0.03), confirming the presence of acinar airspace disease in patients with moderate and severe asthma. S<sub>cond</sub>, a conductive airway marker, did not differ significantly between the groups. ADC, R and h also did not differ significantly between healthy controls and patients with asthma, or between asthmatic patients with and without evidence of acinar airspace disease (<i>see</i>Abstract S80 figure 1), suggesting that the alveoli are not a major site of involvement in asthma. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our results suggest that the site of fixed airflow obstruction in patients with moderate to severe asthma may be localised to the proximal acinus, and that the alveoli are relatively spared.
RUBIDIUM-82 POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY FOR DETECTION AND LOCALIZATION OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE.
Authors: Reinaldo W. Beyer, Martin A. Josephson, Mark A. Mandelkern, John J. Coyle, William H. Blahd
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Beyer, Reinaldo W.; Josephson, Martin A.; Mandelkern, Mark A.; Coyle, John J. Jr.; Blahd, William H. Author Information
THU0476 Urinary Endostatin Gene Expression in Lupus Nephritis: Table 1.
Authors: L.A. Mas, V. Saurit, M. Haye Salinas, E.V. Palomino, F. Caeiro, A. Alvarellos, T. Alvarellos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most severe forms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Given that the kidney is the main site of inflammation in LN, biomarkers in urine may reflect this inflammation more closely than those in the blood. Many groups have studied messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of urinary biomarkers in patients with SLE, investigating which is likely to be most helpful for monitoring renal disease activity. Endostatin (END) is a natural proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII and has been known to have modulatory function in angiogenesis and inflammation. In contrast to the general angiogenic factors, the expression profiles and activity of angiogenic inhibitors like END in LN are not well defined. <h3>Objectives</h3> We proposed to study gene expression level of END in urine from LN patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 45 patients, 36 with renal involvement and 9 non-renal were included. Urine samples from active patients were divided according Protein Creatinin ratio (P/C) as: Group 1, P/C &lt;1 (n=18) and Group II, P/C&gt;1 (n=18), and non renal patients: Group III (n=9). Levels of gene expression of END were measured using Quantitative Real Time PCR (QPCR). All amplifications were carried out in duplicate and threshold cycle (C<sub>t</sub>) scores were averaged for calculations of relative expression values. The C<sub>t</sub> scores were normalized by subtracting the corresponding β2Microglobuline (β2M) control, or ΔCt=C<sub>t,gene</sub> − C<sub>t,B2M</sub>. To test for differential gene expression between groups a variance analysis (ANOVA) and t test was performed. <h3>Results</h3> ΔCt is inversely proportional to the gene expression level. Urinary END was significantly decreased in active renal SLE patients compared with no-renal SLE patients (Table 1). Among active renal patients, END gene expression was elevated in Group I compared with Group II (test t, p=0.0192). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Urinary END had the capacity to discriminate patients with active renal SLE from those with no-renal disease and exhibited the lowest urinary level in patients with P/C &gt;1. This study provides evidence that measuring urinary END could be an important new biomarker in patients with SLE without renal activity. <h3>References</h3> Angiogenesis and hypoxia in the kidney. Tanaka T et al. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 9, 211-222 (2013). Can measuring urinary biomarkers improve the management of Lupus Nephritis? Rahman A. Arthritis Research &amp; Theraphy. 14, 127 (2012). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5600
Long-Term Total Parenteral Nutrition in Infants
Authors: R. M. Filler, A. J. Eraklis, V. G. Rubin, J. B. Das
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

An intravenous amino acid, hypertonic glucose, electrolyte and vitamin solution was used in 14 infants under two months of age in whom oral intake was completely withheld for as long as 60 days. Included were infants with complicated intestinal obstruction, bowel fistulas, intraperitoneal sepsis and chronic diarrhea, as well as three with prenatal rupture of an omphalocele. In the past, a high mortality has been observed in such critically ill infants. In this series, all infants survived. Studies of metabolic balance revealed that the intravenous mixture was capable of maintaining satisfactory nutrition in spite of repeated surgical procedures, sepsis and enteric losses. No serious glycosuria, osmotic diuresis or adverse side effects were detected.
Lymphoma Mimicking a Psoas Abscess on Ga-67 Scintigraphy
Authors: A Cortés-Blanco, R Martínez-Lázaro
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Psoas abscess is a rare and serious clinical condition that causes no specific signs or symptoms. A specific Ga-67 uptake pattern, in addition to typical findings of an abdominal abscess on ultrasound and a characteristic computed tomographic (CT) scan pattern, may provide useful information for diagnosing this condition. Either psoas abscess or lymphoma must be considered when an abnormal abdominal Ga-67 uptake is interpreted. Ga-67 scanning also has proved useful for the diagnosis of lymphomas and their follow-up after treatment. The authors describe a patient with an abdominal mass in whom a typical Ga-67 uptake pattern of a psoas abscess corresponded to lymphoma.
Association of Expression of Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors with the Metastatic Potential of Squamous-Cell Lung Carcinomas
Authors: ANDREAS KARAMERIS, PANAGIOTIS PANAGOU, THOMAS TSILALIS, DEMOSTHENES BOUROS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Matrix metalloproteinases (MPs) constitute a family of proteolytic enzymes (proteases) that degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote the local or metastatic potential of carcinoma cells, and whose action is restrained by special inhibitors (metalloproteinase inhibitors; MIs). We assessed the role of the MPs stromelysin-3 (STR-3), putative metalloproteinase-1 (PUMP-1), and the gelatinases of molecular weights 72 kDa and 92 kDa, as well as the role of their inhibitors tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and TIMP-2, as markers of metastatic potential in 25 fresh biopsies of squamous-cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs). We examined levels of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression for these MPs and inhibitors through Northern blot analysis in 10 carcinomas of high-to-moderate differentiation without lymph-node involvement, and in 15 infiltrative carcinomas of moderate-to-low differentiation with lymph-node involvement. Five cases with significant epithelial atypia and five samples with normal mucosa were used as controls. Expression of STR-3 and TIMP-2 was also assessed immunohistochemically with the avidin–biotin-complex (ABC) technique. We noticed a progressive increase in the expression levels of MPs, especially of STR-3, and of TIMP-2, from the stage of epithelial atypia to the detection of carcinoma, finding the highest values of these substances among carcinomas of low differentiation with nodal metastases. These findings were also confirmed with immunohistochemical analysis. Our results suggest that there is a significant association of the expression of MPs and MIs with both the local and metastatic potential and the degree of cellular differentiation of SCLC, and that this association is clinically important because of its prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Engaging With a Peer-Proposed, Additional Exploitation Condition: Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Transnational Gestational Surrogacy: Does It<i>Have</i><i>to Be</i>Exploitative?”
Authors: Jeffrey Kirby
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2014)

Itwas a pleasure to read the submitted open peer commentaries on my target article. I appreciate the highly varied comments and shared, thoughtful perspectives of the authors on the article (Kirby ...
P578Age-dependent transcriptomic changes in the rat heart. Implications for cardiac arrhythmogenesis.
Authors: A Scridon, E Fouilloux-Meugnier, E Loizon, S Rome, C Julien, C Barres, P Chevalier
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Aging is associated with significantly increased prevalence of cardiac arrhythmias, but transcriptional events that underlie this process remain to be established. To gain deeper insight into molecular mechanisms of aging-related cardiac arrhythmias, we performed mRNA expression analysis comparing atrial and ventricular myocardium from healthy Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats of different ages.
Low-Dose Compared with Standard-Dose m-BACOD Chemotherapy for Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Lawrence D. Kaplan, David J. Straus, Marcia A. Testa, Jamie Von Roenn, Bruce J. Dezube, Timothy P. Cooley, Brian Herndier, Donald W. Northfelt, Jenny Huang, Anil Tulpule, Alexandra M. Levine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Reduced doses of cytotoxic chemotherapy or standard-dose therapy plus a myeloid colony-stimulating factor decreases hematologic toxicity and its complications in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the effect of reducing the doses of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents on clinical outcome is not known.
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF DIASTOLIC WALL STRAIN AND ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: A SUB-ANALYSIS OF IMPACT-ABI STUDY
Authors: Masatoshi Minamisawa, Takashi Miura, Hirohiko Motoki, Naoto Hashizume, Naoyuki Abe, Soichiro Ebisawa, Atsushi Izawa, Jun Koyama, Uichi Ikeda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Results After D-2 Resection with Spleen and Distal Pancreas Preserved for Gastric Cancer Treatment
Authors: Chiappa Antonio, Bertani Emilio, Biffi Roberto, Fazio Nicola, Spada Francesca, Venturino Marco, Ferrari Carlo, Galdì Salvatore, Ravizza Davide, Maffini Fausto, Andreoni Bruno
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
F-18 Fluoride PET/CT in the Detection of Radiation-Induced Pelvic Insufficiency Fractures
Authors: Sumeet G. Dua, Nilendu C. Purandare, Sneha Shah, Venkatesh Rangarajan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Radiotherapy for gynecologic malignancies puts the pelvic bones and the sacrum at risk for insufficiency fractures. Symptoms of sacral insufficiency fractures are nonspecific and can be mimicked by degenerative diseases and metastasis; the diagnosis thus is essentially based on imaging. We describe the F-18-positron emission tomography/computed tomography detection of sacral insufficiency fracture in a woman treated with radiotherapy for endometrial cancer and its concurrence with the MRI. The role of F-18 fluoride PET/CT in the management of patients with history of receiving radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies presenting with low back pain has also been discussed.
P850 PERIPHERAL AND HEPATIC VEIN CYTOKINE LEVELS IN CORRELATION WITH NON ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD) METABOLIC, HISTOLOGICAL, AND HEMODYNAMIC FEATURES
Authors: L. Vonghia, T. Magrone, A. Verrijken, P. Pelckmans, P. Michielsen, L. Van Gaal, E. Jirillo, S. Francque
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 598: Characterization of biological activity in colorectal cancer cells to anticancer regimens
Authors: Seon Ae Roh, Eun Young Choi, Kang Hong Lee, Jin Cheon Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract There have been significant advances in the use of chemotherapy in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients over the last 20 years. A goal of cancer therapy is to predict patient response and toxicity to drugs in order to facilitate the individualization of patient treatment. Identification of subgroups of patients that differ in their prognosis and response to treatment could help to identify the best available chemotherapy according the biological activity. In metastatic CRC, novel molecular targeted agents are being developed as the pathways that characterize cell growth, the cell cycle, apoptosis, angiogenensis and invasion provide novel targets for cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of monotherapy and combination chemotherapy with targeted drugs in the CRC cell death pathway. The chemosensitivities of 12 CRC cell lines to established regimens [FX (5-FU + leucovorin + oxaliplatin) and FR (5-FU + leucovorin + irinotecan)], two biologically targeted drugs (bevacizumab + cetuximab) were comparatively evaluated through various cell death pathways; apoptosis, angiogenesis, invasion and autophagy. In this study, the cell deaths by apoptosis and invasion were associated with the respective chemotherapeutic regimens. Monotherapy using bevacizumab and cetuximab did not induce significant tumor inhibition, but treatment with combination of FX and FR led to significantly higher response rates than those to FX and FR alone. SW480 cell was expressed significantly higher apoptotic cell death and activasion of caspase-3 to the all drugs. Additionally, the MMP-9 activity remarkably reduced in the drug-treated SW480 cell compared with other cells. The SW480 cell shows the microsatellite-stable, functionally p53-deficient, hMLH1-proficient and kras mutation. These molecular and genentic profiling were associated with the chemosensitivity of SW480 cell to respective regimens. In future studies, it will important to combine these genetic profiling with the various CRC cancer cell death pathways to identify the tumor response to chemotherapy and finally realize an individualized treatment regimen to each patient. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 598. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-598
Taking the Heat Out of Organ Donation
Authors: Ina Jochmans, Christopher J.E. Watson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

The results of transplantation vary, depending on the quality of the organ and the nature of the donor. In 2012 in the United States, 73% of kidneys from deceased organ donors, as compared with 84% of kidneys from living donors, had been functioning for 5 years.1 One explanation for the superior results of living-donor kidney transplantation is the avoidance of the catastrophic physiological changes that accompany brain death in the deceased organ donor.Brain death has complex and widespread consequences that affect all organs. The autonomic reflex response to increasing intracranial pressure includes the release of massive quantities of catecholamines; . . .
2016 updated EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the management of gout
Authors: P Richette, M Doherty, E Pascual, V Barskova, F Becce, J Castañeda-Sanabria, M Coyfish, S Guillo, T L Jansen, H Janssens, F Lioté, C Mallen, G Nuki, F Perez-Ruiz, J Pimentao, L Punzi, T Pywell, A So, A K Tausche, T Uhlig, J Zavada, W Zhang, F Tubach, T Bardin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

New drugs and new evidence concerning the use of established treatments have become available since the publication of the first European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of gout, in 2006. This situation has prompted a systematic review and update of the 2006 recommendations.The EULAR task force consisted of 15 rheumatologists, 1 radiologist, 2 general practitioners, 1 research fellow, 2 patients and 3 experts in epidemiology/methodology from 12 European countries. A systematic review of the literature concerning all aspects of gout treatments was performed. Subsequently, recommendations were formulated by use of a Delphi consensus approach.Three overarching principles and 11 key recommendations were generated. For the treatment of flare, colchicine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), oral or intra-articular steroids or a combination are recommended. In patients with frequent flare and contraindications to colchicine, NSAIDs and corticosteroids, an interleukin-1 blocker should be considered. In addition to education and a non-pharmacological management approach, urate-lowering therapy (ULT) should be considered from the first presentation of the disease, and serum uric acid (SUA) levels should be maintained at<6 mg/dL (360 µmol/L) and <5 mg/dL (300 µmol/L) in those with severe gout. Allopurinol is recommended as first-line ULT and its dosage should be adjusted according to renal function. If the SUA target cannot be achieved with allopurinol, then febuxostat, a uricosuric or combining a xanthine oxidase inhibitor with a uricosuric should be considered. For patients with refractory gout, pegloticase is recommended.These recommendations aim to inform physicians and patients about the non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments for gout and to provide the best strategies to achieve the predefined urate target to cure the disease.
PULMONARY HYPERTENSION IS ASSOCIATED WITH WORSE TAVR OUTCOMES INDEPENDENT OF COPD: REPORT FROM THE TVT REGISTRY
Authors: Creighton W. Don, Adam Johnson, Amanda Stebbins, Sreekanth Vemulapalli, Roland Matsouaka, Chris Burke, Steve Le, Edward Verrier, Larry Dean, Mark Reisman, Gabriel Aldea
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 3722: Quinacrine and sorafenib combination as potential therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Junaid Abdulghani, Jean-Nicolas Gallant, Tiffany Whitcomb, David Dicker, Charles D. Smith, David Goldenberg, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is uncommon and represents 2-5% of all thyroid cancers. It remains amongst the most lethal human cancers with a reported median survival of 6 months despite therapy. ATC represents over 50% of all thyroid cancer fatalities annually. We have previously shown the effectiveness of quinacrine in combination with standard therapies in hepatocellular and colon carcinoma. Quinacrine has been used in the past to treat lupus and malaria and in addition to being available and affordable (∼30 USD/month of therapy) it has a well-known and acceptable toxicity profile. Here, we evaluate the efficacy of quinacrine in combination with sorafenib on a panel of human anaplastic thyroid cancer tumor cells. We observed that quinacrine as a single agent effectively kills anaplastic thyroid cancer cells in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner as assessed by CellTiter-Glo and sub-G1 analysis. Quinacrine in combination with sorafenib provides an additive effect in vitro. On analyzing, we observe that the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family member Mcl-1, which is over-expressed in a number of solid tumors is down-regulated with this combination treatment. Unlike chloroquine that inhibits autophagy, our previous results have not shown that quinacrine's anti-tumor efficacy involves alterations in autophagy. We are testing the quinacrine plus sorafenib combination in vivo by sub-cutaneous or orthotopic injection in immune-deficient mice of established cell lines as well as freshly isolated cells from patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer. Our findings suggest that quinacrine in combination with sorafenib may be an effective therapeutic strategy for anaplastic thyroid cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3722. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3722
Long-term survivor (LTS) characteristics in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Authors: Denise Aysel Yardley, Debu Tripathy, Adam M. Brufsky, Hope S. Rugo, Peter Andrew Kaufman, Musa Mayer, Shibao Feng, Oyewale O. Abidoye, Marianne Ulcickas Yood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

133 Background: Data characterizing LTS with HER2+ MBC are limited. The objective of this analysis is to describe LTS in terms of demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment history. Methods: registHER is an observational cohort of patients (pts) (N=1,001) with HER2+ MBC diagnosed w/in 6 mos of enrollment and followed until death, disenrollment, or 6/09 (median follow-up 27 mos). LTS were defined as pts who survived ≥36 mos from metastatic diagnosis (dx) (n=404). Baseline characteristics were examined. Multivariate analyses assessed factors associated with overall survival (OS) in all registHER pts. Results: Median progression-free survival in LTS was 17.9 mos (95% confidence interval (CI) 15.5-20.2). Similar to all registHER pts, median age at enrollment for LTS was 52 y (range 22,82), the majority were white (85.4%), and initial dx in over half of pts was stage I-III, MBC &gt;12 mos (57.4%). LTS, however, were more likely to have estrogen receptor (ER)+ or progesterone receptor (PR)+ disease (61.6% and 52.9%, respectively) and a lower rate of underlying cardiovascular disease (CVD) (12.4% and 17.2%, respectively). First-line taxane and first-line trastuzumab use was higher in LTS pts. Physician-assessed first-line complete response was 40% in LTS and 22.8% in all registHER pts. Factors associated with OS in all registHER pts are shown in the table. Conclusions: This descriptive study examines factors commonly associated with long-term survival in pts with HER2+ MBC. LTS were primarily white, with ER+ or PR+ disease, and low rates of underlying CVD. Further study is needed to quantify the contribution of these factors to prolonging survival. [Table: see text]