tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Involved-field radiotherapy for patients with limited small cell lung cancer: Patterns of local-regional failure and feasibility
Authors: B. Xia, X. Fu, X. Cai, G. Chen, H. Yang, M. Fan, K. Zhao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

7554 Background: To investigate the feasibility of the involved-field radiotherapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LSCLC) according to the patterns of local failure, focused on the first local-regional failure. Methods: Two clinical phase II studies for patients with LSCLC treated at our institute between 1997 and 2007 were reviewed. All patients received combined chemotherapy (CHT) with cisplatin and etoposide, and thoracic RT (TRT) was generally delivered sequentially following one to three cycles of CHT and consisted of either 56 Gy in 40 fractions for 4 weeks or 55 Gy in 22 fractions for 4–5 weeks. TRT fields encompassed primary tumor volume (post-CHT) and the involved nodal areas (pre- and post-CHT) without elective node irradiation. The local-regional failure was defined as failure within thoracic cavity and supraclavicular fossa except for pleural effusion, which was then divided into two subtypes: in-field and out-field failure according to the first occurred site in the planning target volume or not. Results: There were 89 patients completed the planed regimen and eligible for evaluating patterns of failure, 54 patients (57%) in 56 Gy cohort and 35 patients(43%) in 55 Gy cohort. The media cycles of CHT were 6 (4–8). The overall survival and local progression-free survival rates for 89 patients at 2 years were 56% and 71%, respectively, with a median survival of 25.6 months. 56 patients (63%) developed distant metastases and 21 patients (24%) developed local-regional failures: 12 in-field and 9 out-field. 8 out of 9 out-field failures occurred in the ipsilateral supraclavicular fossa, and the media duration to the end of TRT was 6 mouths (5–14). Comparing the 56 Gy and 55 Gy cohorts, the rates of any thoracic, in-field and out-field failures were no difference significantly. Conclusions: Thoracic radiotherapy using involved-field technique in patients with LSCLC resulted in a high failure rate of the supraclavicular fossa. Whether improving accuracy for the initial evaluation of clinical stage could reduce out-field failure in supraclavicular fossa need to be investigated. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The new provisional WHO entity ‘RUNX1 mutated AML’ shows specific genetics but no prognostic influence of dysplasia
Authors: T Haferlach, A Stengel, S Eckstein, K Perglerová, T Alpermann, W Kern, C Haferlach, M Meggendorfer
Journal: Leukemia (2016)

Moreover, forced expression of Egr2 reversed the inhibitory effect of stabilized β-catenin on monocyte/macrophage differentiation of primary BM cells (Figure 2h).Together, stabilized β-catenin inhibits Egr2 expression in mouse primary BM cells, PUER and human U937 cells whereas forced expression of Egr2 released the blockage of monocyte-macrophage differentiation induced by stabilized β-catenin in these cells, suggesting an important role of Egr2 in mediating the negative effect of β-catenin overexpression in monocyte-macrophage differentiation.β-Catenin overexpression is frequently detected in AML samples and it is associated with an adverse prognosis. 10,11 By analysis of a published set of microarray data from BM cells from 69 AML patients and 18 control healthy individuals, 12 we found that a group of AML patients (15 out of 69) had a markedly increased β-catenin expression as compared to healthy individuals (P = 0.001) and the other AML patients (P = 5.65E -10).Of interest, this group of AML patients with a high β-catenin expression displayed a reduced Egr2 expression in BM cells as compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.0156) and the other AML patients (P = 0.034; Figures 2i andj).These data suggest that an increased expression of β-catenin likely inhibits Egr2 expression in BM cells in AML patients.In summary, we have shown that β-catenin overexpression induced blockage of monocyte-macrophage differentiation by inhibiting PU.1-targeted gene transcription including Egr2 expression in myeloid progenitor cells.A recent study showed that minimal PU.1 reduction induces myeloid-biased preleukemic stem cells and promotes subsequent transformation to AML in the context of Msh2 deficiency. 13 Therefore, compromised PU.1-targeted gene transcription induced by β-catenin overexpression, at least partially, may mediate a pathogenic role of β-catenin in myeloid leukemia.
A Behavioral Program for the Treatment of Chronic Patients
Authors: John F. Hofmeister, Albert F. Scheckenbach, Shirley H. Clayton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors report the development of a short-term behavioral therapy program for chronically hospitalized schizophrenic patients who had responded only minimally in a therapeutic community. The basic program was a token economy, which concentrated on personal care activities, productive activities, and leisure activities, combined with drug treatment. During the first 9 months of the program 105 patients were admitted and 79 were discharged–24 to nursing or group homes and 47 to their own home or family. At 1-year follow-up 62 patients were still in the community without any readmissions. The findings that a token economy can be effective with chronic patients at comparatively little additional expense has broad implications for custodial care facilities with limited resources.
Abstract IA07: Metabolic heterogeneity in cancer cells and tumors
Authors: Ralph J. DeBerardinis
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Most diseases are accompanied by altered metabolism at the cellular level. In cancer, metabolic reprogramming that is, the regulated alteration of metabolism as a consequence of tumorigenic mutations and other factors is viewed as an essential component of malignant transformation. It is unknown to what extent cell-autonomous vs. non-cell autonomous factors influence metabolic pathway choice. We performed metabolic profiling in a large panel of molecularly annotated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines grown in standard monolayer culture in order to define the scope of cell-autonomous metabolic variability in this disease and to understand the mechanisms by which metabolic phenotypes are established. We then identified a new pathway that allows cells to tolerate a cell-extrinsic stress: the loss of anchorage dependence. Regardless of the intrinsic metabolic preferences in monolayer culture, NSCLC cells activated an unconventional pathway allowing reducing equivalents to shuttle from the cytosol to the mitochondria to counteract oxidative stress during anchorage loss. Finally, we performed clinical studies involving a combination of pre-surgical imaging and intra-operative 13C infusions to assess metabolic heterogeneity between individual NSCLC tumors in human patients, and to characterize the extent of metabolic heterogeneity within individual tumors. These studies revealed enhanced glycolysis and glucose oxidation in tumors compared to adjacent lung, regardless of driver mutation. Surprisingly, we also found that regional metabolic heterogeneity could be mapped prior to surgery by examining tissue perfusion using contrast MRI, and that glucose’s contribution to central carbon metabolism is inversely proportional to tumor perfusion. Together, these efforts identify a complex but finite set of metabolic phenotypes that support cell growth and may predict therapeutic vulnerabilities. They also underscore the potential for both existing and novel imaging approaches to inform about metabolic phenotypes in vivo, including phenotypes specified by both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors. Citation Format: Ralph J. DeBerardinis. Metabolic heterogeneity in cancer cells and tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA07.
Experience with 200 Renal Artery Reconstructive Procedures for Hypertension or Renal Failure
Authors: G C MORRIS, M E DEBAKEY, E S CRAWFORD, D A COOLEY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract A36: A systematic network-based approach to prioritizing lncRNA drivers in cancers
Authors: Jun Li, Zhicheng Zhou, Han Liang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Decades of efforts have been made to have a better understanding about the human genome, which encodes ~20,000 protein-coding genes as well as an astounding number of transcriptionally active noncoding RNAs. Among these noncoding RNAs, long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been increasingly recognized to play essential roles in tumorigenesis, representing a new focus in cancer research. Analogous to the identification of protein-coding cancer driver genes, it is a crucial task in cancer research to identify lncRNA drivers and elucidate their functions in various cancer types. Methods: We first downloaded TCGA RNA-seq BAM files (&amp;gt;60TB) across 20 cancer types from the UCSC Cancer Genomic Hub (CGHub) and quantified the lncRNA expression based on GENCODE lncRNA annotation. To identify lncRNA drivers, we focused on identifying the functional relevant lncRNA-protein pairs through their expression profiling data. To prevent acquiring more false positives from conventional correlation analysis, we applied the context likelihood of relatedness (CLR) algorithm on evaluating co-expressed lncRNA and protein pairs based on RNA-seq and reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) data. In addition, to further increase the clinical relevance of the potential lncRNA drivers, we conducted survival analysis and tumor/normal differential analysis to boost the prediction power of our systematic computational approach. Results: In this study, we integrated lncRNA expression, protein expression and patient survival data to nominate lncRNA drivers in 20 cancers. Among ~4 million lncRNA-protein pairs, we have identified 9 lncRNA drivers and 16 potential lncRNA-protein interaction pairs linked with them. To validate our findings, we selected 3 lncRNAs with high confidence and performed knockdown experiments in multiple cell lines, in which 2 lncRNAs (TMPO-AS1 and HCP5) showed functional relevance with protein-coding genes MSH6 and LCK respectively. Both of the pairs have the same direction of correlations (positive or negative) as we predicted. Our results indicate that the identified lncRNAs may functionally interact with their protein partners identified by our network-based approach, which will further provide the molecular foundation for investigating cancer mechanisms, identifying prognostic lncRNA markers and characterizing additional therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Jun Li, Zhicheng Zhou, Han Liang. A systematic network-based approach to prioritizing lncRNA drivers in cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A36.
Early Antibody Lineage Diversification and Independent Limb Maturation Lead to Broad HIV-1 Neutralization Targeting the Env High-Mannose Patch
Authors: Daniel T. MacLeod, Nancy M. Choi, Bryan Briney, Fernando Garces, Lorena S. Ver, Elise Landais, Ben Murrell, Terri Wrin, William Kilembe, Chi-Hui Liang, Alejandra Ramos, Chaoran B. Bian, Lalinda Wickramasinghe, Leopold Kong, Kemal Eren, Chung-Yi Wu, Chi-Huey Wong, Matt A. Price, Jill Gilmour, Pat Fast, Anatoli Kamali, Eduard J. Sanders, Omu Anzala, Susan Allen, Eric Hunter, Etienne Karita, William Kilembe, Shabir Lakhi, Mubiana Inambao, Vinodh Edward, Linda-Gail Bekker, Sergei L. Kosakovsky Pond, Ian A. Wilson, Dennis R. Burton, Pascal Poignard
Journal: Immunity (2016)
Racial differences in radical prostatectomy.
Authors: O Sartor, D Venable, J Mata
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.7.1823 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 7602371 Racial differences in radical prostatectomy. O SartorxO SartorSearch for articles by this author , D VenablexD VenableSearch for articles by this author , J MataxJ MataSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.7.1823 PDF "Racial differences in radical prostatectomy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 13(7), p. 1823© 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A Spontaneous Metastasizing Fibrosarcoma in the Golden Hamster (&lt;italic&gt;Mesocricetus auratus&lt;/italic&gt;) With Some Observations on Tumor Recurrence and Metastasis After Transplantation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M KLEIN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)
European surveillance shows north-south divide
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Most countries in northern Europe—with the exception of the United Kingdom—have much lower rates of antibiotic resistant bacteria than southern European countries, according to the figures from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System, which monitors drug resistance in bacteria.

The latest figures, for the first two quarters of 2001, show that the lowest rates of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates were found in northern European countries, which all recorded a rate of resistance of less than 3% of isolates. In contrast, 44.1% of S aureus isolates in Israel and 38.6% in Greece were resistant to methicillin.

The highest rate of methicillin resistant S aureus (MRSA) was in the United Kingdom, at 46.1%

Dr Stef Bronzwaer, project leader of the surveillance system, said: “The MRSA data are shocking—particularly for countries such as the UK, Italy, and Greece. There generally seems to be a north-south divide in antibiotic resistance.”

The surveillance system's latest newsletter is available at www.earss.rivm.nl/
Case 36-1975
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Newton E. Hyslop, Robert T. McCluskey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseA 23-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of stupor.Information about him was limited, but he was reported to have been well until one month previously, when he experienced two or three episodes of transitory pain in the chest. Three days before admission malaise and headache developed, and he stayed home from work because of "the flu." On the following day he felt improved and returned to work. On the morning of admission he vomited while at work and later was found unresponsive.Splenectomy had been performed 10 years earlier because of traumatic rupture. There . . .
Diffuse TI-201 Accumulation in an Irradiated Area
Authors: CHIO OKUYAMA, YO USHIJIMA, KAORI WATANABE, TOMOKI NAKAMURA, TSUNEHIKO NISHIMURA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

OKUYAMA, CHIO M.D.; USHIJIMA, YO M.D., Ph.D.; WATANABE, KAORI M.D.; NAKAMURA, TOMOKI M.D.; NISHIMURA, TSUNEHIKO M.D., Ph.D. Author Information
Four Jockeys
Authors: M Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical Schools in the United States, 2010-2011
Authors: Barbara Barzansky, Sylvia I Etzel
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Neşe SALTOĞLU
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Studies with heat-inactivated MS-2 serum have indicated that active immunization against hepatitis B infection can be achieved even though the virus has not been cultivated in tissue culture. The development of new biophysical, biochemical and immunological techniques has increased knowledge of the hepatitis B virus and its associated antigens. In the wake of these recent developments the accumulating evidence indicates that active immunization could be achieved by the use of purified hepatitis B surface antigen or by one of its polypeptides or glycolipids.
Downregulation of the TGFβ Pseudoreceptor BAMBI in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Enhances TGFβ Signaling and Invasion
Authors: Sebastian Marwitz, Sofia Depner, Dmytro Dvornikov, Ruth Merkle, Magdalena Szczygieł, Karin Müller-Decker, Philippe Lucarelli, Marvin Wäsch, Heimo Mairbäurl, Klaus F. Rabe, Christian Kugler, Ekkehard Vollmer, Martin Reck, Swetlana Scheufele, Maren Kröger, Ole Ammerpohl, Reiner Siebert, Torsten Goldmann, Ursula Klingmüller
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is characterized by early metastasis and has the highest mortality rate among all solid tumors, with the majority of patients diagnosed at an advanced stage where curative therapeutic options are lacking. In this study, we identify a targetable mechanism involving TGFβ elevation that orchestrates tumor progression in this disease. Substantial activation of this pathway was detected in human lung cancer tissues with concomitant downregulation of BAMBI, a negative regulator of the TGFβ signaling pathway. Alterations of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker expression were observed in lung cancer samples compared with tumor-free tissues. Distinct alterations in the DNA methylation of the gene regions encoding TGFβ pathway components were detected in NSCLC samples compared with tumor-free lung tissues. In particular, epigenetic silencing of BAMBI was identified as a hallmark of NSCLC. Reconstitution of BAMBI expression in NSCLC cells resulted in a marked reduction of TGFβ-induced EMT, migration, and invasion in vitro, along with reduced tumor burden and tumor growth in vivo In conclusion, our results demonstrate how BAMBI downregulation drives the invasiveness of NSCLC, highlighting TGFβ signaling as a candidate therapeutic target in this setting. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3785-801. ©2016 AACR.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Jean-Luc Harousseau
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2009)

The introduction of novel agents (thalidomide, bortezomib, lenalidomide) is changing the management of patients with multiple myeloma who are candidates for stem cell transplantation. Bortezomib-dexamethasone given as induction treatment before autologous stem cell transplantation is significantly superior to the classical vincristine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone regimen in terms of complete response and very good partial response, both before and after transplantation. Triple combinations with thalidomide and bortezomib plus either cyclophosphamide or doxorubicin also yield excellent response rates, with the combination of bortezomib with thalidomide and dexamethasone seeming to be the most promising. Postautologous transplantation maintenance with thalidomide improves the response rate, progression-free survival, and, in some subgroups, overall survival. However, the optimal dose and duration of administration of thalidomide is not known. Both lenalidomide and bortezomib are being evaluated in this setting. The addition of novel agents before and after autotransplant yields a very high complete response rate and prolonged progression-free and overall survival. However, outstanding results have also been achieved with novel agents without transplantation. Therefore, randomized trials comparing novel agents with and without early transplantation are awaited. Tandem autologous plus reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic transplantation have replaced myeloablative conditioning allogeneic transplantation. Despite improved results and decreased toxic death rate, this approach still carries the risk for morbidity and mortality related to graft-versus-host disease and should not be proposed in front-line therapy, especially in patients with no adverse prognostic features.