tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cancer profile at the National Cancer Institute, Egypt, 2002–2003
Authors: I. A. Elattar, N. M. Hassan, M. M. Lamee, A. A. Elbasmy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9653 Background: The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is the largest comprehensive cancer center in Egypt. The present hospital with its 550 beds is overloaded by patients referred from allover the country. The NCI had for years a well established Pathology-Based and an Inpatient-Based Cancer Registries. The first attempt towards a Hospital-Based Cancer Registry was in 2001. Methods: At the NCI every patient is registered on his first visit to the institute. His demographic data as age, gender, occupation, marital status, number of children, address of residence, and governorate. The primary site (topography) and histology (morphology) of malignancies are identified and coded according to the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology. Results: During the years 2002–2003, 38,474 new patients visited the NCI, 18,189 were confirmed malignant (47.3%), 17.7% left while still under investigation, and 34.5% were nonmalignant cases. Histopathologic diagnosis of malignancy was confirmed in 79.5 the cases. There were 9,187 (50.5%) males and 9,002 (49.5%) females. Fifty four percent of cases were between the ages 40 through 64 years and 10% were below 20 years of age. The median age for males was 55 years and 51 years for the females. Fifty percent of the cases were from Cairo and Giza governorate. The most common site was breast cancer, almost 3,500 (19%) new cases. The urinary bladder cancer was the next most common (10%), followed by lymphoma and liver cancer, 8.4% and 7.6%, respectively. Among males, cancer of the urinary bladder (16.2%) was the most frequent site followed by liver cancer (11.4%) and lymphoma (10.6%). Sixty three of the bladder cancer cases were transitional cell carcinoma and 26.2% were squamous cell carcinoma. Ninety percent of the liver cancer cases were diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. For the females, breast cancer ranked first (37.8%) followed by lymphoma (6.2% and leukemia (5.9%). The median age, of breast cancer females was 51 years and 86.2% were infiltrative duct carcinoma. Leukemia and lymphoma represented 51.3% of childhood cancer. Conclusions: Comparisons between results from the National Cancer Institute registry and Egypt’s first regional population-based cancer registry showed similarities. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Thesaurosis Due to Inhalation of Hair Spray
Authors: Martin Bergmann, I. Jerome Flance, Primitivo T. Cruz, Najeeb Klam, Philip R. Aronson, Ram A. Joshi, Herman T. Blumenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IN 1958, 2 cases of thesaurosis, or storage disease, that followed inhalation of hair spray and presumably caused by its content of macromolecular resins were reported.1 The well known physiologic and pathologic changes resulting from the parenteral introduction of macromolecular substances such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a common ingredient of hair spray, were summarized in that report and therefore need not be reviewed again. However, it should be pointed out that in general macromolecules resulting from the polymerization of vinyl compounds and similar substances cannot be metabolized in the body. Although the smaller molecules that occur in these polymerization mixtures can . . .
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for CTLA4 deficiency
Authors: Mary A. Slatter, Karin R. Engelhardt, Lauri M. Burroughs, Peter D. Arkwright, Zohreh Nademi, Suzanne Skoda-Smith, David Hagin, Alan Kennedy, Dawn Barge, Terence Flood, Mario Abinun, Robert F. Wynn, Andrew R. Gennery, Andrew J. Cant, David Sansom, Sophie Hambleton, Troy R. Torgerson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Effects of Levamisole on Normal and Malignant Murine Lymphocytes&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: William C. Gordon, Morton D. Prager
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Levamisole enhanced transformation of murine lymphocytes stimulated either by mitogens or allogeneic lymphocytes. In a similar dose-dependent pattern it stimulated in vitro growth of L1210, P1798, and 6C3HED but not YAC lymphoma cells. Stimulation of growth of lymphoma cells was greater by peritoneal cells harvested from normal mice 4 days after levamisole injection than by peritoneal cells from untreated mice. This effect correlated with the shortened survival time of BALB/c mice treated with levamisole prior to P1798 implantation compared to that of a control group not pretreated. Administration of levamisole with iodoacetamide-modified tumor cells in immunoprophylaxis studies had no effect on the rejection of a tumor implant or on development of tumor-specific antibody. Levamisole was added to regimens involving asparaginase therapy of 6C3HED-bearing C3H mice and chemoimmunotherapy of BALB/c mice bearing P1798 with methotrexate and iodoacetamide-modified P1798 cells. In neither case were there increased numbers of survivors, and mean survival time was generally decreased for the levamisole-treated groups. The stimulated tumor growth may have been mediated by a direct effect of levamisole on the lymphoma cells, through an effect on other cell types, or by both effects; these effects apparently outweighed potentially beneficial effects of levamisole on the immune system.
Abstract 5132: Evaluation of multi-marker in tissue-derived cancer cells from patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Shin-Wha Lee, Sang-Eun Lee, Ha-Young Lee, Dae-Yeon Kim, Jong-Hyeok Kim, Yong-Man Kim, Young-Tak Kim, Joo-Hyun Nam
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study is to refine a simple, rapid and reproducible method for the isolation and characterization of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) cells from ovarian tumor tissues and to evaluate the intracellular expression of CK-7, CA-125, HE4 and FOLR-1 in primary ovarian cancer cells. Methods: Fourteen patients diagnosed with papillary serous adenocarcinoma of ovary were selected in ASAN Medical Center. Isolation of tumor EOC cells involves the mechanical disruption of the tumor tissue and placed directly into culture with very little manipulation. Primary ovarian cancer cells were monitored after initial plating and every day for following 15 days. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used for the imaging of intracellular immunofluorescence of CK-7, CA-125, HE4 and FOLR-1. Results: Two days after plating primary ovarian cancer cells began to adhere to the plate by the presence of small adherent clusters. The primary ovarian cancer cells became a confluent monolayer and displayed the typical epithelial cobblestone morphology. The mean duration of passage was 8.5 days, it was revealed variously in the primary ovarian cancer cells. Immunofluorescent detection of CK-7 expression in EOC cells demonstrates the epithelial origin, however their expression was not constant. CA-125, HE-4 and FOLR-1 were expressed by all tissue-derived EOC cells. The expression pattern of CA-125, HE-4 and FOLR-1 was different in each patient and that was not correlated with the serum level of CA-125. Conclusions: The isolation and characterization of tissue-derived cancer cells from patients with EOC using the expression of CK-7, CA-125, HE4 and FOLR-1 were reasonable method. This result could provide clinically relevant models suitable for investigation of the ex vivo biological characteristics of ovarian cancers. Citation Format: Shin-Wha Lee, Sang-Eun Lee, Ha-Young Lee, Dae-Yeon Kim, Jong-Hyeok Kim, Yong-Man Kim, Young-Tak Kim, Joo-Hyun Nam. Evaluation of multi-marker in tissue-derived cancer cells from patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5132. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5132
Dalbavancin or Oritavancin for Skin Infections
Authors: Martin Cormican
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

To the Editor: Boucher et al. (June 5 issue)1 report the results of DISCOVER 1 and DISCOVER 2, and in the same issue Corey et al.2 report the results of SOLO I. These randomized trials investigated the efficacy of oritavancin and dalbavancin in acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections. We are concerned that the design of these studies and that of other pivotal studies are not consistent with clinical management of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections and that their results are thus not useful for clinical decisions in real life — at least in Europe and some other areas of the world. First, vancomycin may not be an adequate comparison drug. Betalactam antibiotics remain the mainstay drugs for the treatment for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci, which are the main causes of these infections in most areas, as shown in a recent observational study in Europe.3 Second, most patients with these complicated acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections are not admitted to the hospital but rather are treated at home with oral antibiotics after surgical drainage of the infected area. In fact, it is difficult for most hospitals in western European countries to include patients in trials with these inclusion criteria.
SAT0502 High Participation in School and Physical Education in Children in a Nordic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Cohort
Authors: E.B. Nordal, L. Berntson, K. Aalto, A. Fasth, T. Herlin, S. Nielsen, S. Peltoniemi, M. Zak, M. Rygg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an umbrella term for chronic childhood arthritis. Even in the era of modern efficient treatment, many children with JIA experience difficulties attending daily life activities. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to analyse school attendance and participation in physical education (PE) in a cohort of Nordic children with JIA in a population-based setting. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive cases of JIA from defined geographical areas of Denmark, Finland, Sweden and Norway with disease onset in 1997 to 2000 were prospectively included in a population-based design. Clinical data, school attendance and participation in PE during the last two months were registered at study visits six months and &gt;7 years after disease onset. Danish participants did mostly not fill in information on school attendance and PE and were therefore excluded. <h3>Results</h3> Of 347 children with long-term follow-up, information on recent participation in school and PE was available in 239 children. Among these children, 65.7% were female, median age at onset of disease was 4.3 years and 49.8% had oligoarticular JIA the first 6 months after onset. Mean age at last visit was 12.5 (IQR 10.4-15.9) years. Eight years after onset 82.4% reported no school absence, and 6.7% reported &gt;3 days during the last two months due to JIA. Full participation in PE was reported by 79.9%, partly by 17.2%, and 2.9% reported no participation. Lower school attendance and participation in PE were significantly associated with higher number of active joints, and higher CHAQ scores. There were no gender differences in school attendance, but significantly fewer girls than boys participated fully in PE (p=0.01). There were no age differences regarding school attendance or participation in PE. There were no significant differences in school attendance between JIA categories, but significantly fewer children participated fully in PE in the enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA) (65.0%) and the undifferentiated (62.5%) categories, while participation was highest in the oligoarticular persistent category (92.4%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> School attendance and participation in PE was generally high &gt;7 years after onset in the Nordic JIA cohort. Fewer girls than boys participated fully in PE. Notably, lower participation was also found among children with ERA, where physical activity is particularly recommended. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Cerebrospinal-Fluid Culture in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Huntington Mavor, Fred W. Gallagher, George A. Schumacher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THOUGH multiple sclerosis has been recognized as a disease for over a century, its etiology has eluded all investigative efforts to date. Toxic factors, nutritional and metabolic defects, infectious agents, vascular lesions and allergic reactions have been proposed as causes. Among a variety of infectious agents that have been suspected of being responsible for the lesions of multiple sclerosis, spirochetes and viruses have received most attention.For many years Steiner1 and others cited by him have reported the demonstration of spirochetes in sections of Central-nervous-system tissue of persons dying with the disease. Some have maintained that what were described as . . .
High- versus low-dose leucovorin in 5-fluorouracil-based oxaliplatin- or irinotecan-containing regimen in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: E. Song, N. Lee, J. Kwak, H. Yhim, K. Lee, H. Roh, M. Sohn, C. Yim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15054 Background: Although leucovorin (LV) is widely used as a modulator of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for the chemotherapy of advanced colorectal cancer, the optimal dose has not yet been established. Low-dose LV appears to be as active as high-dose LV in the several studies. So, we tried to compare the efficacy of high-versus low-dose LV in the commonly used palliative chemotherapy regimen. Methods: Between May 2003 and May 2008, 40 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were randomly treated with high-LV (200mg/m 2 /i.v.) or low-LV (20mg/m 2 /i.v.) in 5-FU based oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-4) or irinotecan (FOLFIRI) containing regimen. The primary endpoint of the study was the comparison of response rates and the secondary endpoint was the assessment of survival and tolerability. Results: The response rate was 40% in low-LV group with 2 CR and 6 PR, and 35% in high-LV group with 2 CR and 5 PR, without any significant difference (P = 0.89). The median overall survival was 24.3 months in low-LV group and 25.2 months in high-LV group, with no difference between treatments. Toxicity mainly consisted of gastrointestinal side effects, which were rare and similar in the two groups. Conclusions: In this randomized phase II study, the low and high doses of LV appeared to be equivalent in palliative chemotherapy of metastatic colorectal cancer although large-scale phase III study are necessary. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Performance of Four Computer-Based Diagnostic Systems
Authors: Eta S. Berner, George D. Webster, Alwyn A. Shugerman, James R. Jackson, James Algina, Alfred L. Baker, Eugene V. Ball, C. Glenn Cobbs, Vincent W. Dennis, Eugene P. Frenkel, Leonard D. Hudson, Elliott L. Mancall, Charles E. Rackley, O. David Taunton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Computer-based diagnostic systems are available commercially, but there has been limited evaluation of their performance. We assessed the diagnostic capabilities of four internal medicine diagnostic systems: Dxplain, Iliad, Meditel, and QMR.
Hematologic Neoplasia Associated with Primary Mediastinal Germ-Cell Tumors
Authors: Craig R. Nichols, Bruce J. Roth, Nyla Heerema, John Griep, Guido Tricot
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Between September 1983 and December 1988, we observed 16 cases of hematologic neoplasia associated with mediastinal germ-cell tumors. twenty-eight similar cases have been reported in the literature. A review of the clinical and cytogenetic details in these patients suggests that the hematologic neoplasia is not the result of cisplatin-based chemotherapy of the mediastinal germ-cell cancer. This syndrome was found only in patients with nonseminomatous mediastinal germ-cell tumors, particularly those with serologic or histologic evidence of yolk-sac elements. The two most common hematologic neoplasms seen in this syndrome were acute megakaryoblastic leukemia and malignant histiocytosis. Consistent cytogenetic abnormalities have not yet been identified, but the finding of the marker chromosome isochromosome(12p) in the mediastinal germ-cell tumor and associated leukemic blasts in one patient suggests that these tumors may arise from a common progenitor cell. (N Engl J Med 1990; 322: 1425–9.)
Oxygen Tension of the Urine and Renal Structures
Authors: Kurt O. Leonhardt, Ralph R. Landes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Early studies dating back to Claude Bernard demonstrated the extremely high oxygen saturation of blood in the renal vein (80 to 90 per cent) as compared to oxygen saturation of the venous return from other organs (50 to 70 per cent). It was therefore assumed that the renal parenchyma is richly endowed with oxygen and that renal hypoxia could rarely become a clinical problem.This approach to renal hemodynamics envisaged a rather homogeneous vasculature. It failed to recognize a complex vascular pattern within the renal parenchyma capable of allowing wide regional variations in blood flow and oxygenation under varying general . . .
Case 27-1994
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Thomas J. Lynch, Nancy L. Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Presentation of CaseA 41-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of neurologic abnormalities and an osteolytic lesion of the right mandible.The patient had been in good health until three months earlier, when there was the onset of paresthesias in both lower legs, more noticeable in the left leg. During the next few weeks she began to experience severe burning pains in the legs. Evaluation at another hospital included x-ray films and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the lumbar spine, both of which were reported to be normal. A few weeks later, pain began in the . . .
CONCORDANCIA CLÍNICO-RADIOLÓGICA EN PACIENTES OBESOS SOMETIDOS A GASTROPLASTIA VERTICAL ENDOSCÓPICA (MÉTODO APOLLO®)
Authors: E Espinet Coll, J Nebreda Durán, JA Gómez Valero, C Vila Lolo, A Juan-Creix Comamala, P Díaz Galán, S Bacchiddu, D Irigoyen
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

La gastroplastia vertical endoscópica (GVE, Endosleeve de Apollo®) consiste en la realización de una serie de suturas contínuas en curvatura mayor de cuerpo gástrico que permite modificar su anatomía a modo de tubulización “en manga”. Junto con un seguimiento clínico multidisciplinar, contribuye a la pérdida de peso y al control de las enfermedades metabólicas asociadas.
S96 Free-living Haemophilus Influenzae is associated with increased pulmonary inflammation
Authors: SJ Thulborn, JL Cane, A Ceroni, CE Brightling, M Bafadhel
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The most common pathogen in the lower airway of patients with COPD is <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>. <i>H. influenzae</i> has been shown to be linked to inflammation and increased inflammation. Emerging evidence shows that pathogens can exist as either cell-associated or free-living (non-cell associated). We investigated whether detectable free-living <i>H. influenzae</i> correlates with pulmonary inflammation. <h3>Methods</h3> Cell-free sputum supernatants samples from 29 COPD patients (24 men), with a mean (range) age of 71 (45 to 88) years were analysed. All samples were collected at stable state and bacterial DNA was extracted, using a commercial assay and then quantified using real time-PCR utilising taqman hydrolysis probes. The omp P6 gene from <i>H. influenzae</i> was inserted into a positive cloning vector and transformed to generate plasmids. These plasmids were used as standards within the qPCR, allowing the accurate detection of very small levels of <i>H. influenzae</i> within the samples. Cytokines were measured using the meso-scale multi-array platform within the same sample set. <h3>Results</h3> Free Living <i>H. influenzae</i> was detected in 15/29 (52%) of cell-free samples, with a bacterial load of (geometric mean (95% CI)) of 1.23 × 10<sup>6 </sup>gene copies/ml (2.63 × 10<sup>5 </sup>to 5.75 × 10<sup>6</sup>). Correlations were seen between free-living <i>H. influenzae</i> and Interleukin-1 Beta (IL1-β) (r = 0.47, p = 0.01), MMP8 (p = 0.04, r = 0.38), CCL3 (p = 0.002 =, r = 0.57), CCL13 (p = 0.02, r = 0.54), CCL26 (p = 0.03, r = -0.31), CCL4 (p = 0.04, r = 0.38). No significant correlations were seen between free-living <i>H. influenzae</i> and IL8 (p = 0.11, r = -0.30), IL10 (p = 0.10, r = -0.36) or TNF-alpha (p = 0.61, r = -0.12). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Free-living <i>H. influenzae</i> is associated with increased pro-inflammatory mediators in the airway. Whether this is related to the pathogenesis of COPD needs to be further investigated.
Mediastinal Abnormalities in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: W Choe, D Mehlman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Figure 1. A 37-year-old woman who had had systemic sclerosis for several years, with known esophageal and skin involvement, presented with dyspnea on exertion and a large pericardial effusion. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed, with parasternal long-axis views obtained before (Panel A) and after (Panel B) pericardiocentesis. The following mediastinal abnormalities are evident: right ventricular hypertrophy due to pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy related to systemic hypertension, a pericardial effusion (PE), and a fluid-filled, dilated esophagus (E) due to esophageal dysmotility. Right ventricular hypertrophy is defined echocardiographically as a right ventricular diastolic free-wall thickness in excess of 5 mm. Normally, the . . .
TREM2-mediated early microglial response limits diffusion and toxicity of amyloid plaques
Authors: Yaming Wang, Tyler K. Ulland, Jason D. Ulrich, Wilbur Song, John A. Tzaferis, Justin T. Hole, Peng Yuan, Thomas E. Mahan, Yang Shi, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Jaime Grutzendler, Ronald B. DeMattos, John R. Cirrito, David M. Holtzman, Marco Colonna
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial receptor that recognizes changes in the lipid microenvironment, which may occur during amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation and neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Rare TREM2 variants that affect TREM2 function lead to an increased risk of developing AD. In murine models of AD, TREM2 deficiency prevents microglial clustering around Aβ deposits. However, the origin of myeloid cells surrounding amyloid and the impact of TREM2 on Aβ accumulation are a matter of debate. Using parabiosis, we found that amyloid-associated myeloid cells derive from brain-resident microglia rather than from recruitment of peripheral blood monocytes. To determine the impact of TREM2 deficiency on Aβ accumulation, we examined Aβ plaques in the 5XFAD model of AD at the onset of Aβ-related pathology. At this early time point, Aβ accumulation was similar in TREM2-deficient and -sufficient 5XFAD mice. However, in the absence of TREM2, Aβ plaques were not fully enclosed by microglia; they were more diffuse, less dense, and were associated with significantly greater neuritic damage. Thus, TREM2 protects from AD by enabling microglia to surround and alter Aβ plaque structure, thereby limiting neuritic damage.
Thromboelastography (TEG) As a Global Assay to Elucidate Complex Nuances of Hemostasis in Pediatric Inhibitor Patients with High Titer Inhibitors
Authors: Natalie L Smith, Abimbola Onasoga, Linda Jacobson, Elizabeth Villalobos-Menuey, Katherine A. Ruegg, Michael Wang, Marilyn J. Manco-Johnson
Journal: Blood (2014)