tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4365: Glucosylceramide synthase promotes cancer stem cells accumulating in chemotherapy
Authors: Vineet Gupta, Kaustubh N. Bhinge, Yong Yu Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cancer stem cells initiate tumorigenesis and are the causes of metastasis and relapse. Cancer stem cells, rather than other differentiated cells in tumors display resistance to cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs, but we do not know whether by-product of chemotherapy can induce cancer stem cells leading to chemotherapy failure. Glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) is a limiting enzyme regulating the synthesis of glycosphingolipids that play an essential role in the maintenance of embryonic stem cells. The purpose of this study was to identify and characterize the effect of ceramide glycosylation in the formation and maintenance of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs). We have found that GCS overexpression was interrelated to the increment BCSCs and drug resistance in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines after doxorubicin induction. In MCF-7/Dox (doxorubicin-resistant) cells, GCS protein was increased by 39-fold accompanied with enhanced enzyme activity, as compared to wild-type MCF-7 cells. The BCSCs with CD24-/CD44+/ESA+ phenotype was increased by 5-fold in MCF-7/Dox cells as compared to MCF-7 cells. Silencing GCS by using mixed-backbone oligonucleotide (MBO-asGCS) significantly decreased the numbers of BCSCs more than 2-fold in MCF-7/Dox cells. In the soft agar colony formation assay, MCF-7/Dox cells showed significantly higher colonies formed as compare to the MCF-7 cells. BCSCs sorted from MCF-7/Dox cells displayed significantly higher GCS enzyme activity more than 3-fold and formed 2-fold more colonies, as compare with other non-stem cell subsets. The BCSCs cells showed significantly higher tumorigenicity and metastasibility as compared to non-stem cells (CD24-/CD44-) in athymic nude mice. More interestingly, doxorubicin treatment (1 mg/kg, once a week, and 40 days) considerably increased BCSCs 2-fold in tumors, and MBO-asGCS treatment eliminated the tumor growth and reduced metastasis due to reduction of BCSCs more than 2-fold in vivo. Comparison of glycosphingolipids and gene profile of stem cells indicated GCS or globo-series glycosphingolipids upregulates FGF1, FGFR1, ALDH2, ISL1, MSX1, SIGMAR1, PPARD and downregulates CXCL12, FRAT1, CCND1 to accumulate BCSCs during the course of chemotherapy. These results, for the first time, demonstrate that ceramide glycosylation by GCS accumulates BCSCs formation and causes aggressive tumor progression. Silencing of GCS that eliminates BCSCs can prevent and treat drug-resistant tumors and relapse. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4365. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4365
FRI0577-HPR Work ability in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis; emphasis on mechanical exposure and shoulder function
Authors: A. Bilberg, T. Bremell, I. Balogh, K. Mannerkorpi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Work disability in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) usually occurs soon after disease onset and often prevails during the disease course. Associated factors such as physical functioning and work-related mechanical exposure have been sparsely investigated in early RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate work ability and associated factors in patients with early RA, with emphasis on work-related mechanical exposure, shoulder function and activity limitations related to the shoulder-arm-hand. <h3>Methods</h3> One hundred and thirty-five patients, 103 women and 32 men, with early rheumatoid arthritis were recruited from three rheumatology units in the West region of Sweden. The mean age for the study population was 48 (SD 9.60) years, the mean disease duration 21 (SD 9.6) months and the mean DAS28 score 3.7 (SD1.37). <h3>Measurements</h3> Work-related mechanical exposure was assessed with the Mechanical Exposure Index (MEI). Physical work load was assessed by dividing patients into 5 occupational categories based on most recent type of work. Shoulder function was assessed by isometric shoulder strength, active shoulder-arm movement, and activity-induced shoulder pain. Hand-grip force was also recorded. Activity limitations related to the upper extremities were assessed with the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, and disease activity by the DAS28 score. <h3>Statistics</h3> The mean, standard deviations and percentages are presented. The Spearman´s correlation coefficient was used to analyse the associations between work hours and other assessments. <h3>Results</h3> The majority of patients, 76.5% were working full or part-time. Work hourswere found to correlate negatively with work-related mechanical exposure (MEI) (rs-0.34, p&lt; 0.001), and positively with physical work load (r<sub>s</sub>0.26, p= 0.003). Considering shoulder function, work hours were found to correlate positively with shoulder-arm movement (r<sub>s</sub> 0.33, p&lt; 0.001), and shoulder strength (r<sub>s</sub>0.25, p= 0.004) and correlate negatively with activity induced shoulder pain (r<sub>s</sub> -0.45 p &lt; 0.001). Significant correlations were also found between work hours and hand grip force (r<sub>s</sub>0.45, p&lt; 0.001), activity limitations (DASH) (r<sub>s</sub> -0.61, p &lt; 0.001) and the DAS28 score (r<sub>s</sub> -0.43, p&lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Work ability in early rheumatoid arthritis is associated with work-related mechanical exposure, shoulder function and activity limitations related to the shoulder-arm-hand. Attention should be directed towards these factors as well as to the inflammatory activity. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Clinical Importance of a Protein-Bound Fraction of Serum Bilirubin in Patients with Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Janet S. Weiss, Anil Gautam, John J. Lauff, Michael W. Sundberg, Peter Jatlow, James L. Boyer, David Seligson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

A directly reacting fraction of bilirubin that is probably covalently bound to albumin (albumin-bound bilirubin) has recently been described. To determine its clinical importance we used a new high-performance liquid-chromatography technique to measure it in the serum of 200 patients with hyperbilirubinemia from various causes. Albumin-bound bilirubin was an important fraction (8 to 90 per cent) of total bilirubin in patients with hepatocellular and cholestatic jaundice as well as in patients with the Dubin-Johnson syndrome. It was not detected in normal volunteers, neonates with physiologic jaundice, or patients with Gilbert's disease or hemolysis. Thus, albumin-bound bilirubin appears in serum when hepatic excretion of conjugated bilirubin is impaired. It becomes a larger component of serum bilirubin as jaundice subsides, delaying resolution of this disorder and causing bilirubin to persist in plasma after it has disappeared from the urine.
Open-Lung Biopsy in Diffuse Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Edward A. Gaensler, M. Virginia Ball Moister, Josef Hamm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE patient with a chest roentgenogram showing persisting diffuse infiltrations often presents a difficult diagnostic problem. The x-ray picture and the usual complaint of dyspnea are nonspecific. History and clinical examination have led to a diagnosis in only 10 per cent of our patients; even after prolonged observation, extensive studies and a variety of nonpulmonary biopsies we were at a loss for a diagnosis in 35 per cent of cases. This is not surprising because among more than 100 diseases listed by Buechner1 that may cause miliary lung disease, at least 40 are limited to the lungs and do not . . .
Ultrasonography miniprobes in the pre-operative staging of colonic cancer
Authors: F Castro-Poças, P Lago, M Mascarenhas, E Santos, C Chaves, J Areias
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: no consensus regarding the best treatment for colonic cancer (CC). Many surgical options are available (laparotomy, laparoscopy, endoscopy) with accurate pre-operative staging being the key to select the best approach.
Estimating Phylogenies from Lacunose Distance Matrices: Additive is Superior to Ultrametric Estimation
Authors: P-A Landry, F-J Lapointe, J. Kirsch
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

Lapointe and Kirsch (1995) have recently explored the possibility of reconstructing phylogenetic trees from lacunose distance matrices. They have shown that missing cells can be estimated using the ultrametric property of distances, and that reliable trees can be derived from such filled matrices. Here, we extend their work by introducing a novel way to estimate distances based on the four-point condition of additive matrices. A simulation study was designed to assess whether the additive procedure is superior to the ultrametric one in recovering distances randomly deleted from complete distance matrices. Our results clearly indicate that the topologies and branch lengths of the trees derived from matrices which were estimated additively are better recovered than those of trees derived from matrices estimated ultrametrically; the original distances are also better recovered with the additive procedure. Except in the case of small matrices with many missing cells for which both methods perform equally well, the additive is generally superior to the ultrametric method for estimating missing cells in distance matrices prior to phylogenetic reconstruction.
Malignant Mesotheliomas in a Small Village in the Anatolian Region of Turkey: An Epidemiologic Study
Authors: M Artvinli, Y I Bariş
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

An epidemiologic and cause-related study was done in Tuzköy, a small village in the city of Nevşehir, in the Anatolian region of Turkey. The neighboring village of Kizilböy was used as a control. People 25 years of age or older were studied: 312 persons (145 males and 167 females) from Tuzköy and 95 persons (45 males and 50 females) from the control village. The annual incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) was found to be 6.5 cases (22 cases per 10,000 people) in Tuzköy. Several other respiratory disorders were detected as well. Although no type of asbestos could be found in Tuzköy and its vicinity, the asbestiform mineral zeolite was found in soil samples from the roads and fields of Tuzköy, in its building stones, and in lung tissues of the villagers. Chest X-rays revealed no cases of MPM or other respiratory abnormalities in the control group. No zeolite could be found in the control village. Therefore, zeolite was thought to be the cause of MPM and the other respiratory disorders in Tuzköy.
Transposition of the Great Vessels Manifested on Radionuclide Ventriculography
Authors: NANCY L. MACDONALD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah Received for publication May 1, 2002. Revision accepted September 24, 2002. Correspondence: Nancy L. Macdonald, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, 1A71 School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132. E-mail: [email protected] hsc.utah.edu
Comparison of measured torso potentials with those simulated from epicardial potentials for ventricular depolarization and repolarization in the intact dog.
Authors: M Ramsey, R C Barr, M S Spach
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

The objective of this study was to simulate body surface potential distributions, millisecond by millisecond, from potential distributions measured directly from the epicardium of the intact dog, and to examine the resulting simulation by comparing it with measured body surface potential distributions.Included in this objective was a simulation not only of those phases of cardiac activity involving depolarization, with which previous simulations have been concerned almost exclusively, but also of times of overlapping depolarization and repolarization, and times during repolarization alone.To achieve this simulation, measurements of multiple excitation and repolarization sequences were obtained from intact dogs.Epicardial potentials were recorded from about 90 electrodes chronically implanted on the ventricular epicardium, and several electrodes on the atria.Geometric coordinates of each body surface and epicardial electrode were measured in a postmortem examination.The simulated body surface distributions were computed from the epicardial ones by means of heart to body surface transfer coefficients.These transfer coefficients were derived from the measured geometric coordinates of all the electrodes with the assumption that the volume conductor was homogeneous between the epicardium and the body surface.Results included numerous sets of isopotential distributions, each set comprising the measured epicardial and body surface distributions, and the simulated body surface distribution.At many time instants, the distribution of potentials measured from the epicardium was considerably more complicated that the distribution measured from the body surface.Nonetheless, simulated body surface distributions consistently had a high correlation with the measured body distributions.However, the simulated maps usually had larger peak to peak magnitudes.The results demonstrate that quantitative relationships between the detailed events of cardiac and body surface electrical activity can be established theoretically and confirmed by realistic experimental measurements.ACHIEVING a quantitative understanding of body surface electrocardiograms based on measurements of the underlying cardiac electrical events and volume conductor properties of the torso has proven to be an elusive
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MYOCARDIAL STRAIN MEASURED BY TAGGED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING, MYOCARDIAL VIABILITY, AND SERUM BIOMARKERS OF FIBROSIS IN SINGLE VENTRICULAR MORPHOLOGY LONG-TERM AFTER FONTAN OPERATION
Authors: Atsushi Kitagawa, Manabu Takanashi, Takashi Honda, Sumito Kimura, Kagami Miyaji, Masahiro Ishii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
PWE-203 Capsule endoscopy: a district general hospital experience in a multiethnic community: Abstract PWE-203 Table 1
Authors: S Subramaniam, A Yusuf, S Shariq
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Capsule endoscopy (CE) is a useful tool to assess the small bowel (SB). The 2008 British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guidelines detailed the use of CE in occult gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB) and suspected SB Crohn9s disease (CD).<sup>1</sup> At present, CE is not available in all district general hospitals (DGH). Our aim was to ascertain the indications for referral and evaluate the diagnostic yield of this test in a multiracial North West London DGH. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a retrospective analysis of all CE undertaken from April 2009 to December 2011. 136 patients [60 male (44.1%) and 76 female (55.9%); mean age 53.1] were included in this study. Data were collected on patient demographics, previous diagnostic investigations, indications and findings of CE. <h3>Results</h3> See Abstract PWE-203 table 1 below. Patients referred for OGIB had negative bidirectional endoscopies. Patients with abdominal pain had imaging to exclude strictures. There were no cases of capsule retention. CE in OGIB revealed the main diagnoses were SB telangiectasia (9/68; 13.2%), non-specific SB inflammation and ulceration (9/68; 13.2%) and erosive gastritis (7/68; 10.3%). Two cases each of portal hypertensive gastropathy, CD, coeliac disease and polypoid lesions were diagnosed (total 11.8%) and one case of angiodysplasia and lipoma (2/68; 3%). Suboptimal views were obtained in 8/68 (11.8%) while CE was normal in 25 patients (36.8%). In the suspected CD group, 14 patients (14/57; 24.6%) were diagnosed with CD (at least 3 SB apthous ulcers and erosions). Non-specific inflammation (5/57; 8.8%) and erosive gastritis (5/57; 8.8%) were also found. Suboptimal views affected five cases and 25 patients (43.9%) had normal CE. One case each of coeliac disease, radiation enteritis and intestinal lymphangiectasia were also diagnosed. One case of SB lymphoma was diagnosed as a complication of coeliac disease. Subgroup analysis according to ethnicity in suspected CD revealed 29 Caucasian (50.9%), 26 Asian (45.6%) and 2 (3.5%) patients of African descent. CD was diagnosed in 8 Caucasians and 6 Asians. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In our cohort, diagnostic yield for CD was less than other studies (24.56% vs 43–71%).<sup>1</sup> This may reflect the prevalence of CD in an Asian minority area.<sup>2</sup> SB telangiectasia and ulceration were the main sources of OGIB. CE is a safe and useful technique to evaluate the SB and we recommend its use in the DGH setting. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Sidhu R</b>, Sanders DS, Morris AJ, <i>et al.</i> Guidelines on small bowel enteroscopy and capsule endoscopy in adults. <i>Gut</i> 2008;<b>57</b>:125–36. 2. <b>Yang SK</b>, Loftus EV, Sandborn WJ. Epidemiology of IBD in Asia. <i>Infl Bow Dis</i> 2001;<b>7</b>:260–70.
Neurofibromatosis Type I Shown by Tc-99m (V) DMSA
Authors: TSUNEO HIRANO, HIDENORI OTAKE, TETSUYA SHINOZAKI, HIDEOMI WATANABE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 46-year-old man had several "café au lait" spots and palpable neurofibromas. He had a surgery for optic nerve glioma 20 years earlier. Tc-99m (V) DMSA whole-body scintigraphy showed many peripheral neurofibromas(some of which could not be palpable on physical examination). One large neurofibroma at the left elbow was removed because of pain and discomfort caused by motion. Pathologic diagnosis was a benign neurofibroma. One year later, whole-body images showed a similar pattern, except for a removed neurofibroma at the left elbow. Single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) images show superficial neurofibromas and deep-seated, nonpalpable lesions of the thorax and pelvis. Whole-body images showed multiple lesions.
FRI0056 Joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 15-20 years – are there differences between women and men?
Authors: J. Asikainen, K. Kaarela, P. Geborek, E. Lindqvist, A. Häkkinen, P. Hannonen, T. Rannio, T. Sokka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is suggested to be a more severe disease in women than in men as disease activity appears higher in women and men meet remission criteria more often than women do. Long-term severity of RA can be analyzed from permanent joint damage in radiographs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study possible differences in the extent of radiographic joint damage between women and men in four early RA cohorts with 15 or more years of prospective follow-up. <h3>Methods</h3> Early RA cohorts with prospective longitudinal observations include following cohorts: Jyväskylä Central Hospital with 70 patients from 1990's (JYV1990) and 135 patients from the 1980's (JYV1980), Lund University Hospital with 183 patients from the 1980's (Lund1980), and Heinola Rheumatism Foundation Hospital with 103 patients from the 1970's (Heinola1970). Patients are followed until to-date or until death or moving from the district. Radiographs of hands and feet were taken at regular intervals and analyzed according to the Larsen score (0-100) including MCP I-V, wrists, and MTP II-V. Patients with radiographs taken &gt;15yr after diagnosis included 58 JYV1990 patients with mean age 64yr, mean dis duration 15yr, 37F [21 (57%) sero+], 21M [16 (76%) sero+]), 77 JYV1980 patients with mean age 64yr, mean dis duration 21yr, 56F [39 (70%) sero+], 21M[15 (71%) sero+]), 86 Lund1980 patients with mean age 66yr, mean dis duration 21yr, 64F [42 (66%) sero+], 22M [18 (82%) sero+], and 68 Heinola1970 patients with mean age 61yr, mean dis duration 19yr, 54F, 14M, all sero+. <h3>Results</h3> Larsen score in seropositive women and men in four early RA cohorts observed over 15-20 years Larsen score(0-100) NmeanmedianpJYV1990 <h3>Conclusions</h3> Over a 15-20 year follow-up, RA joint damage appears similar in women and men. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Potentiation of Antitumor Immunotoxins by Liposomal Monensin
Authors: T. Griffin, M. E. Rybak, L. Recht, M. Singh, A. Salimi, V. Raso
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Potentiation of Antitumor Immunotoxins by Liposomal Monensin Get access T. Griffin, T. Griffin Department of Medicine [Oncology], University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Correspondence to: T. Griffin, M.D. Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, 55 Lake Ave. North, Worcester, MA 01655. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. E. Rybak, M. E. Rybak Department of Medicine [Oncology], University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Recht, L. Recht Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Singh, M. Singh Synphar Laboratories Inc.Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Salimi, A. Salimi Department of Medicine [Oncology], University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar V. Raso V. Raso Boston Biomedical Research InstituteBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 4, 17 February 1993, Pages 292–298, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.4.292 Published: 17 February 1993 Article history Received: 26 August 1991 Revision received: 26 October 1992 Accepted: 17 November 1992 Published: 17 February 1993
P683 INFLUENCE OF A NTCP RECEPTOR GENE POLYMORPHISM ON HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) INFECTION
Authors: J. Dietz, V. Knop, J. Vermehren, C. Füller, D. Perner, D. Hüppe, S. Mauss, S. Zeuzem, C. Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
LG-07 * MOSAIC GENETIC PROGRESSION MODELS OF LOW GRADE PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS REVEAL UNIQUE FEATURES OF TUMOR EVOLUTION
Authors: C. D. Antonuk, R. Levy, J. Molina, M. Danielpour, A. Akhtar, J. Breunig
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

The past decade has seen the identification of several mutations associated with low grade pediatric glioma—notably those to the v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF). Further, next generation sequencing has recently led to the discovery of a wide variety of recurrent somatic mutations associated with low grade gliomas as well as elucidating the landscape of genetic alterations in low and high grade glioma. We have employed a novel methodology, postnatal electroporation coupled with piggyBac transposition in order to rapidly interrogate the causality of these mutations in tumorigenesis. Introduction of somatic mutation to tumor cells lining the ventricular zone led to a characteristic hyperplasia denoted by dramatic overgrowth of mutant cells. However, the cells rapidly senesced. In the minority of cases, tumors transition into invasive high grade glioblastoma. Co-introduction of additional tumor suppressor targeting elements (shRNA against p16/p19, Trp53 shRNA) increased tumor grade. Here, we discuss findings from our functional investigations of these putative low grade driver mutations.
EFFECT OF AGE, GENDER AND CO-MORBIDITY ON CENTRAL INDICES OF AORTIC STIFFNESS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
Authors: Tilak Pasala, Shervin Golbari, Sonika Malik, Prasanna Sengodan, Florian Rader, Theophilus Owan, Anwar Tandar, Mark Dunlap, Sanjay Gandhi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)