tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response-guided peginterferon therapy in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Jian Sun, Hong Ma, Qing Xie, Yao Xie, Yongtao Sun, Hao Wang, Guangfeng Shi, Mobin Wan, Junqi Niu, Qin Ning, Yanyan Yu, Huijuan Zhou, Jun Cheng, Wenzhen Kang, Yi Xie, Rong Fan, Lai Wei, Hui Zhuang, Jidong Jia, Jinlin Hou
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)

Response-guided therapy has been confirmed to be an effective strategy for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C in the pegylated interferon (PegIFN) era, but no randomized trial utilizing this strategy has been conducted in chronic hepatitis B.In this open-label, multicenter, randomized trial, HBeAg positive patients were treated with PegIFN (180μg/week) for 24weeks. Early responders (HBsAg <1500IU/ml and HBV DNA <10(5)copies/ml at week 24) received PegIFN for a further 24weeks (arm A), while non-early responders were randomized to PegIFN for another 24weeks (arm B), another 72weeks (arm C) or PegIFN for another 72weeks plus adefovir for 36weeks (arm D). The primary endpoint was the change of quantitative HBsAg from baseline to the end of follow-up (EOF).For non-early responders, 96-week PegIFN monotherapy did not lead to a greater reduction of HBsAg from baseline to EOF, compared with 48-week PegIFN (-0.71 vs. -0.67log10IU/ml, P=0.407). The rate of HBeAg seroconversion with HBV DNA <2000IU/ml at EOF were similar for arms B, C and D (17.9%, 23.9% and 25.0% respectively). For patients with HBsAg <1500IU/ml or HBV DNA <10(5)copies/ml at week 24, 38.4% and 37.0% achieved HBeAg seroconversion with HBV DNA <2000IU/ml at EOF respectively.Patients with HBsAg <1500IU/ml or HBV DNA <10(5)copies/ml at week 24 would benefit from continued PegIFN treatment. Extending the duration of PegIFN with or without adding adefovir did not show superiority over 48weeks PegIFN monotherapy.Extending the duration of pegylated interferon (PegIFN) alfa-2a is not recommended in HBeAg positive patients as treatment extension beyond 48weeks did not show convincing benefit. Patients who achieved HBsAg <1500IU/ml or HBV DNA <10(5)copies/ml after 24-week PegIFNα-2a showed satisfactory outcome after the withdrawal of finite PegIFNα-2a treatment.NCT01086085.
Soundings: My famous friends
Authors: Kevin Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2001)

I am lucky in that many of my closest friends are really famous people. I first met Johnson on my elective in British Columbia. It was otherwise not a good time in my life. My father had recently died, I had split up with my girlfriend, and the Canadians didn't believe in alcohol. The winter had set in early in the Rockies and I was alone in a small, snowed-in hospital house.

Luckily, I had been introduced to Johnson while I was lying in the bath listening to Stop the Week on the evening of my flight to Canada. Robert Robinson recommended a biography by Walter Jackson Bate, which I bought at the airport. Why is he famous, I wondered, staring out of the tiny porthole at the Arctic sky. All he had done was write a few essays and produce a dictionary. It was, I later realised, because his personality—huge, generous, and vulnerable—seemed to span the centuries, the best of humankind, offering hope to us all.

Since then I have met other great men and women. I still have the blue copy of Montaigne's essays that fell from my father's hand as life abruptly fragmented with his fibrillating heart. However, it was some years before I met the 16th century Frenchman in person. I found someone who was ambiguous and ironic, humane and catholic.

Wittgenstein I met through Ray Monk on a wet Eurocamp holiday by the Dordogne—an extraordinary soul, tortured beyond endurance by an unreasonable honesty.

The strange thing is that these people do come to seem like friends, fellow travellers through life. When the going gets tough, you know that they were there before you.

I used to wonder if it was somehow wrong to experience life vicariously—that maybe one should perceive the world unencumbered by another's observations. But the truth is that life is not experienced in its raw state. The familiarity of our own life often deadens our perceptions, and contemplating the lives of these huge figures seems somehow to sensitise us to experiences that are our own, but that otherwise would have passed us by unrecognised.

Not all my friends are dead, although the most articulate of them are. But they have left a legacy of friendship that will last for eternity. And, as Woody Allen observed, eternity is a long time, especially towards the end.
Pseudomyogenic Hemangioendothelioma Mimicking Multiple Myeloma on 18F-FDG PET/CT, Followed by Spontaneous Regression
Authors: Mark Bryanton, William Makis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Pseudomyogenic (epithelioid sarcoma-like) hemangioendothelioma is a rare, recently described vascular neoplasm that occurs predominantly in the distal extremities of young to middle aged adult males. In this report, we describe a patient who presented with numerous lytic bone lesions which were intensely ¹⁸F-FDG avid on PET/CT and presumed to be metastatic. Pathology revealed pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma. Follow-up CT showed enlargement and increasing sclerosis of several lesions, believed to represent progression; however, follow-up PET/CT confirmed a spontaneous regression of the disease.
Asymptomatic subjects with airway obstruction have significant impairment at exercise
Authors: Thibaud Soumagne, Pierantonio Laveneziana, Matthieu Veil-Picard, Alicia Guillien, Frédéric Claudé, Marc Puyraveau, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Nicolas Roche, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Bruno Degano
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> The relevance of screening for airway obstruction in subjects not complaining of COPD symptoms may depend on the definition of airway obstruction. Response to exercise in asymptomatic subjects with persistent airway obstruction as defined by a postbronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC &lt;5th centile lower limit of normal (LLN) remains unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> Dyspnoea (Borg scale), exercise tolerance and ventilatory constraints on tidal volume expansion were assessed in 20 consecutive asymptomatic subjects with persistent mild airway obstruction detected by screening (postbronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC z-score: −2.14±0.29; FEV<sub>1</sub> z-score: −1.02±0.64) undergoing incremental cycle cardiopulmonary exercise testing, compared with 20 healthy controls with normal spirometry matched for age, sex, body mass index and smoking history (FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC z-score: −0.13±0.57; FEV<sub>1</sub> z-score: 0.32±0.67) and with 20 symptomatic patients with COPD matched for the same characteristics (FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC z-score: −2.36±0.51; FEV<sub>1</sub> z-score: −1.02±0.48). <h3>Results</h3> Asymptomatic subjects with airway obstruction had higher dyspnoea ratings than controls during incremental exercise. Asymptomatic subjects with airway obstruction had also peak oxygen consumption and peak power output that were lower than controls, and similar to those observed in patients with COPD. Although less frequent than in COPD, dynamic hyperinflation was more frequent in asymptomatic subjects with airway obstruction than in controls (85%, 50% and 10%, respectively; p=0.01 in asymptomatic subjects vs controls and p=0.04 vs COPD). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although they did not present with chronic activity-related dyspnoea, subjects with a postbronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC&lt;LLN as detected by screening had poorer exercise tolerance than healthy controls on exertion, and a significant proportion of them had dynamic hyperinflation. These subjects may, therefore, deserve further attention and may warrant regular follow-up.
US physicians can and should ask patients about firearms, experts argue
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Although some physicians in the US believe it is against the law to ask patients about guns, they can and should ask about patients’ access and exposure to firearms, three violence prevention experts have said in an article in the Annals of Internal Medicine .1

In 2011, the state of Florida enacted a law that said that physicians “should refrain” from asking patients about firearms and “may not intentionally enter” firearm information into medical records. Since then several other states have passed “docs vs Glocks” laws, and several others have considered legislation. The Affordable Care Act also had provisions regulating the collection of firearm information.

Proponents of these laws said that such questions violate patients’ privacy. They expressed concern that documentation of gun ownership in medical records could be used to create a registry that in turn could be used to confiscate guns and …
Reply to V. Launay-Vacher, T. Shimokata et al, and C. Porta et al
Authors: Jan H. Beumer, Hussein Tawbi, S. Percy Ivy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

from 1979 up to 2010, primarily to limit the confounding effect of the change in creatinine measurement in clinical laboratories to isotope dilution mass spectrometry–traceable creatinine, which may be associated with a step change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR). 3 Oldermethods were not standardizedand led tovariable creatinine measurements associated with the analytic equipment used. 4 Because of this variability, the use of a single correction factor will not work across all laboratories and institutions. This was particularly relevant in our study because our data were inherently multiinstitutional and collected across decades, with limited information on assay methodology. The biases observed in the different Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) studies should be traced to the respective laboratories that performed the analysis for each survey. Although correction factors may be applied to bring the NHANES studies in line with standard creatinine and each other, this does not mean that any creatinine determination performed in the period of a particular NHANES study across the nation can be adjusted in the same manner. 5
Repetitive Infusions of Cytokine-Induced Killer (CIK) Cells for Treatment of Impending Relapse in High-Risk Leukemia Patients after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Eva Rettinger, Sabine Huenecke, Verena Pfirrmann, Michael Merker, Andre Manfred Willasch, Andrea Jarisch, Jan Soerensen, Halvard Boenig, Gesine Bug, Thomas Klingebiel, Peter Bader
Journal: Blood (2014)
Bone marrow transplantation and salvage chemotherapy.
Authors: N Tannir, F Cabanillas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1984.2.1.65 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 6366147 Bone marrow transplantation and salvage chemotherapy. N TannirxN TannirSearch for articles by this author , F CabanillasxF CabanillasSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1984.2.1.65 PDF "Bone marrow transplantation and salvage chemotherapy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2(1), pp. 65–66© 1984 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The Use of Silk as a Scaffold for Mature, Sustainable Unilocular Adipose 3D Tissue Engineered Systems
Authors: Rosalyn D. Abbott, Rebecca Y. Wang, Michaela R. Reagan, Ying Chen, Francis E. Borowsky, Adam Zieba, Kacey G. Marra, J. Peter Rubin, Irene M. Ghobrial, David L. Kaplan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

There is a critical need for monitoring physiologically relevant, sustainable, human adipose tissues in vitro to gain new insights into metabolic diseases. To support long‐term culture, a 3D silk scaffold assisted culture system is developed that maintains mature unilocular adipocytes ex vivo in coculture with preadipocytes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells obtained from small volumes of liquefied adipose samples. Without the silk scaffold, adipose tissue explants cannot be sustained in long‐term culture (3 months) due to their fragility. Adjustments to media components are used to tune lipid metabolism and proliferation, in addition to responsiveness to an inflammatory stimulus. Interestingly, patient specific responses to TNFα stimulation are observed, providing a proof‐of‐concept translational technique for patient specific disease modeling in the future. In summary, this novel 3D scaffold assisted approach is required for establishing physiologically relevant, sustainable, human adipose tissue systems from small volumes of lipoaspirate, making this methodology of great value to studies of metabolism, adipokine‐driven diseases, and other diseases where the roles of adipocytes are only now becoming uncovered.
Food Allergy and Intolerance.
Authors: F H Opper, R Burakoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Adverse reactions to foods and food additives are common problems. True food allergy involving an immunological mechanism is less common; these allergies affect approximately 10% of the United States population. Most food allergies are immunoglobulin E-mediated; systemic anaphylaxis is the most serious complication. Diagnosis is based on history and physical examination. In vivo diagnostic studies involve skin testing and food challenges (blinded and unblinded). In vitro testing (most commonly radioallergosorbent test [RAST]) is widely used. Treatment is best accomplished by identifying and avoiding the offending allergen.
Abstract B1-35: Enrichr2: Next generation gene set enrichment analysis web-based tool
Authors: Matthew R. Jones
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: System-wide profiling of genes and proteins in mammalian cells produces lists of differentially expressed genes/proteins needing to be further analyzed for their collective functions in order to extract new knowledge. Once lists of genes or proteins are generated from such experiments, they are compared to existing annotated lists created from prior knowledge organized into gene-set libraries. While many enrichment analysis tools and gene-set library databases have been developed, there is still room for improvement. Enrichr2 is a major update of the published popular tool Enrichr. Methods: Enrichr2's architecture has been redesigned to be highly scalable. The new database centric design allows Enrichr2 to perform enrichment analysis within seconds while accommodating for the rapid growth of our gene-set library database. Recent additions to our gene-set library database include: disease signatures from GEO, drug perturbations from GEO, kinase perturbations from GEO and L1000, as well as tissue protein expression from two recent publications. Principal Angle Enrichment Analysis has been implemented and is one of the available enrichment analysis scoring methods. Enrichr2 can be restricted to only consider a subspace of the genome, and it accepts input formats that are crisp or fuzzy gene sets, probe IDs from microarrays, BED files and SOFT files. Gene synonyms are also recognized and automatically converted. Users can upload their own gene-set libraries as well as access the legacy versions of our libraries. Results: Enrichr2 is an easy to use intuitive enrichment analysis web-based tool providing various visualization summaries of collective functions of gene lists. Enrichr2 includes many new gene-set libraries, alternative approaches to rank enriched terms, and various new interactive visualization approaches to display enrichment results. We applied Enrichr2 to analyze many of the gene expression datasets available at The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Global visualization of such enrichment analysis results provides a global view of the biological molecular mechanisms driving tumor behavior across cancers at the individual patient level. Conclusions: Enrichr2 is emerging as a leading search engine for annotated gene lists, taking gene set enrichment analysis to a new level. Enrichr is an open source web-based tool available online at: http://amp.pharm.mssm.edu/Enrichr Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Matthew R. Jones. Enrichr2: Next generation gene set enrichment analysis web-based tool. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-35.
T2 hyperintensities in bipolar disorder: magnetic resonance imaging comparison and literature meta-analysis
Authors: L L Altshuler, J G Curran, P Hauser, J Mintz, K Denicoff, R Post
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Accumulating evidence suggests a greater number of T2 abnormalities in the brains of patients with bipolar I disorder. The authors sought to evaluate the presence of signal "hyperintensities" in both bipolar I and II subjects and systematically review the existing literature.Magnetic resonance images of the brain were obtained prospectively for 29 patients with bipolar I disorder, 26 patients with bipolar II disorder, and 20 normal comparison subjects. The presence and location of signal hyperintensities in three brain regions (periventricular white matter, subcortical gray matter, and deep white matter) were evaluated.No significant differences were found between groups for the presence of subcortical gray or deep white matter hyperintensities. Periventricular hyperintensities were more common in bipolar I patients (62%) than in bipolar II patients (38%) and normal comparison subjects (30%). Within patient groups, medication use was not significantly different for those with or without the presence of white matter hyperintensities. The literature on bipolar disorder and signal hyperintensities is reviewed. A meta-analysis of the pooled data in the literature on bipolar illness and signal hyperintensities revealed that the odds of having a T2 hyperintensity are significantly greater for bipolar I than for normal comparison subjects.Having bipolar I disorder significantly increases the chance of having white matter changes in the brain. This study suggests that bipolar II patients may be more similar than bipolar I patients to comparison subjects on T2 measures. The possible pathophysiological significance of hyperintensities is discussed.
Successful use of Hemospray to control refractory post-polypectomy bleeding
Authors: Hrvoje Ivekovic, Branko Bilic, Pave Markos, Nadan Rustemovic, Rajko Ostojic, Klaus Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 66-year-old man was referred to our department for screening colonoscopy. A polyp was found in the sigmoid colon (size 25 mm, Paris classification 0-Ip, narrow-band imaging international colorectal endoscopic [NICE] classification 2). After the submucosal injection of diluted epinephrine and lifting ([Fig. 1]), endoscopic mucosal resection was done.
Disseminated and chronic Lyme borreliosis in Norway, 1995 – 2004
Authors: K Nygård, A B Brantsaeter, R Mehl
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Lyme borreliosis is the most common tickborne infection in Norway. All clinical manifestations of Lyme borreliosis other than erythema migrans are notifiable to Folkehelseinstituttet, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. During the period 1995-2004 a total of 1506 cases of disseminated and chronic Lyme borreliosis were reported. Serological tests were the basis for laboratory diagnosis in almost all cases. The annual numbers of cases showed no clear trend over the period, but varied each year between 120 and 253 cases, with the highest number of cases reported in 2004. Seventy five per cent of cases with information on time of onset were in patients who fell ill during the months of June to October. There was marked geographical variation in reported incidence rates, with the highest rates reported from coastal counties in southern and central Norway. Fifty six per cent of the cases were in males and 44% in females. The highest incidence rate was found in children aged between 5 and 9 years. Neuroborreliosis was the most common clinical manifestation (71%), followed by arthritis/arthralgia (22%) and acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (5%). Forty six per cent of patients were admitted to hospital. Prevention of borreliosis in Norway relies on measures to prevent tick bites, such as use of protective clothing and insect repellents, and early detection and removal of ticks. Antibiotics are generally not recommended for prophylaxis after tick bites in Norway.
Pikfyve Deletion In Platelets Causes Aberrant Platelet Lysosomal Storage Associated With Inappropriate Inflammatory Response
Authors: Sang H Min, Aae Suzuki, Timothy J. Stalker, Jessica Guzman, Liang Zhao, Lurong Lian, Ronghua Meng, Michael S. Marks, John K Choi, Charles S. Abrams
Journal: Blood (2013)
Effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on stemness in normal and chronic myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: L Charaf, F-X Mahon, I Lamrissi-Garcia, I Moranvillier, F Beliveau, B Cardinaud, S Dabernat, H de Verneuil, F Moreau-Gaudry, A Bedel
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Are not a good idea
Authors: M. Denham, A. Ritch
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR,—In the editorial presenting the case for the community geriatrician Jackie Morris misrepresents the positions of the British Geriatrics Society, which has never supported the creation of such a subspecialty.1 Indeed, the society states clearly in its discussion document that it “does not endorse this type of appointment” and rejects the use of the term community geriatrician.2 It considers that all consultant physicians in …
Hydrogen cyanide emission in the lung by <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Authors: Anne H. Neerincx, Ylona A.M. Linders, Laura Vermeulen, Robert A. Belderbos, Julien Mandon, Esther van Mastrigt, Marielle W. Pijnenburg, Jakko van Ingen, Johan W. Mouton, Leo A.J. Kluijtmans, Ron A. Wevers, Frans J.M. Harren, Simona M. Cristescu, Peter J.F.M. Merkus
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Early detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients is crucial, since eradication in a later stage is extremely difficult [1]. Until now, it has been assumed that hydrogen cyanide (HCN) can be considered as a specific biomarker for P. aeruginosa in exhaled breath [2–5]. Only Burkholderia cepacia is also known to produce HCN in vitro [6, 7], but HCN is not a biomarker for B. cepacia complex infection in vivo [8]. To our knowledge, actual proof that HCN is not produced by other pathogens is lacking. Investigations into the emission of HCN by Staphylococcus aureus , a predominant CF pathogen throughout childhood, have been very limited. In a single report, five strains have been shown to produce low values in vitro [9], and in vivo studies have not been reported. Hydrogen cyanide is produced by S. aureus in vitro and in vivo and is not an exclusive biomarker for P. aeruginosa <http://ow.ly/4nsh7y>
A Stronger Treatment System for Opioid Use Disorders
Authors: Brendan Saloner, Joshua Sharfstein
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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