tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Large outbreak of E. coli O157 in 2005, Ireland
Authors: M Mannix, D Whyte, E McNamara, N O’Connell, R FitzGerald, M Mahony, T Prendiville, T Norris, A Curtin, A Carroll, E Whelan, J Buckley, J McCarthy, M Murphy, T Greally
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

In October/November 2005, the largest outbreak of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) ever recorded in Ireland occurred. Eighteen E. coli O157 culture-positive cases, phage type 32, verotoxin 2 positive, were identified in a small rural area of mid-west Ireland. Half of these patients were asymptomatic. Two children were admitted to hospital with haemolytic uraemic syndrome, one of whom required peritoneal dialysis, and both recovered. All 18 culture-positive patients had indistinguishable or closely related pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. Nine of the VTEC O157 culture-positive individuals were in preschool children attending two local crèches. Several culture-positive individuals apparently had exposure to a vulnerable private group water scheme (GWS) in an agricultural area. No microbiological evidence of VTEC was found in food or water. One veterinary sample (an animal rectal swab) was positive for E. coli O157 and the PFGE strain was indistinguishable from the outbreak strain. A case control study showed analytical epidemiological evidence of risk related to potential exposure to the GWS but not related to reported consumption of that water. Selection of cases and controls proved challenging. Transmission occurred primarily in childcare and family settings, with significant person-to-person spread. Control measures included voluntary closure of the crèches, exclusion of culture-positive individuals in risk groups until microbiological clearance was achieved and the issuing of a ‘boil water’ advisory for drinking water pending upgrading of disinfection facilities.
Schrödinger’s Cat and<scp>d</scp>-Cycloserine to Augment Exposure Therapy—Both Are Alive and Dead
Authors: Stefan G. Hofmann
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Use of recommended post-treatment services for adolescent and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.
Authors: Erin Elizabeth Hahn, Yi-Lin Wu, Jazmine Garcia Delgadillo, Corrine E. Munoz-Plaza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

107 Background: Adolescent and young adult (AYA) Hodgkin lymphoma survivors are at high risk for long-term and late effects. Post-treatment guidelines are available from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and others; however, adherence to these guidelines is unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify AYA Hodgkin survivors from an integrated health care system and examine use of post-treatment services. Methods: We identified patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2010, ages 15 to 39. We identified use of NCCN recommended services (oncology visits, labs, CT) and non-recommended services (PET scan, CT after first year). Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associations between receipt of recommended services within first 12 months post-treatment (oncology visits, labs, CT) and patient (gender, race/ethnicity) and cancer characteristics (stage, diagnosis age, diagnosis year). Results: We identified 354 patients (see table). Almost all had recommended oncology visits within the first 5 years (96%); 70% received recommended labs. Two-thirds received a recommended CT scan within 12 months post- treatment. However, 47% received a non-recommended CT in year 2 and 35% in year 3, and 33% received a non-recommended PETs. Overall, 48% received all recommended care within the first 12 months. Diagnosis year was significant in regression, with those diagnosed 2000-2005 less likely to receive recommended care than those diagnosed 2006-2010 (OR = 0.007, p &lt; .0001). Conclusions: Less than half of patients received recommended care within the first year post-treatment. These results will inform development of effective programs to meet survivors’ needs. Next steps include exploring risk-stratified patterns of care in long-term survivors. [Table: see text]
Brief Report: Spatial Heterogeneity of Systemic Sclerosis in France: High Prevalence in the Northeast Region
Authors: Alain Meyer, Hélène Chifflot, Emmanuel Chatelus, Jean‐François Kleinmann, Cécile Ronde‐Ousteau, Delphine Klein, Jérémy Jégu, Bernard Geny, Sandrine Hirshi, Matthieu Canuet, Gilles Blaison, Pierre Kieffer, Dan Lipsker, Thierry Martin, Erik Sauleau, Michel Velten, Jean Sibilia
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Alsace is a region in eastern France with a population of ∼2 million. All residents have high access to health care and an accredited referral center for SSc. Seeking care outside of this region is difficult because of the peculiar geography. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and spatial variation of systemic sclerosis (SSc) in eastern France.Data for SSc patients were obtained from 3 sources (all general practitioners and community specialists, capillaroscopy centers, and all public and private hospital records) and were used to estimate the prevalence of SSc. Surviving patients who resided in Alsace on January 1, 2008 and fulfilled the American College of Rheumatology and/or the LeRoy and Medsger criteria were included in this study. The clinical characteristics of the patients were also assessed. Potentially incomplete case ascertainment was corrected by capture-recapture analyses. Geographic disparities were assessed by spatial cluster analysis and by comparing our results with those for other geographic areas in the world for which data derived using similar methodology were available.The review of 499 potential cases identified a total of 244 SSc patients. A trend toward a west-to-east gradient was observed but did not reach statistical significance. According to log-linear modeling, an estimated 83.87 additional cases were missed. Thus, the SSc prevalence was 228.42 cases per million adult inhabitants of Alsace (95% confidence interval 203.70-253.14); this prevalence was significantly higher than that in 2 other regions of France and comparable with the reported prevalence in Detroit, Michigan.The stringent methodology used in the current study is very likely to provide an accurate estimation of the prevalence of SSc. Design similarity with 3 other surveys extends the scope of the results by identifying geographic disparities that were previously indistinguishable due to methodologic differences.
Case 1-1966
Authors: Edward F. Bland, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

CASE 1–1966Presentation of Case First admission. A fifty-eight-year-old retired laborer was admitted to the hospital because of fatigue.He had been well until fifteen years previously, when hyperthyroidism developed. Digitalis was administered, and a subtotal thyroidectomy was performed after an interval of treatment with propylthiouracil; thyroid hormone was prescribed postoperatively. The patient took the medication irregularly and experienced intermittent chest pain on exertion. Two years before entry a more severe bout of pain in the chest occurred, and on admission to another hospital he was told that he had had a heart attack. Digitalis and nitroglycerin were prescribed, but . . .
Normal thyroid function in desipramine nonresponders converted to responders by the addition of L-triiodothyronine
Authors: G Schwarcz, A Halaris, L Baxter, J Escobar, M Thompson, M Young
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The results of complete thyroid function testing were normal in four desipramine nonresponders who were converted to responders by addition of L-triiodothyronine (T3). These findings suggest that the effectiveness of T3 is not due to correction of subtle thyroid deficiencies.
Identification of factors contributing to phenotypic divergence via quantitative image analyses of autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis with homozygous c.736T&gt;A<i><scp>LIPH</scp></i>mutation
Authors: M. Kinoshita‐Ise, A. Kubo, T. Sasaki, N. Umegaki‐Arao, M. Amagai, M. Ohyama
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Autosomal recessive woolly hair/hypotrichosis (ARWH/H) is caused by mutations in LIPH. Homozygotes for the LIPH c.736T>A (p.C246S) mutation, the most prevalent genotype in Japanese patients, present varying degrees of hair loss; however, determinants of this phenotypic diversity remain elusive. To establish methodologies for quantitative assessment of clinical severity and provide a detailed characterization to elucidate the factors contributing to phenotypic divergence. Digital image analyses were conducted to convert clinical severities into numerical values. Eight patients with ARWH/H were classified into three groups (mild, severe, very severe), based on severity scores. Dermoscopic images were collected and assessed for total hair numbers and hair thickness for intergroup comparisons. The image analysis detected a difference in hair thickness but not in total hair numbers, between mild and severe cases. A marked decrease in total hair number was noted in an atypical very severe case. Histopathologically, a patient with a mild case demonstrated hair miniaturization and a high telogen/anagen ratio without a decrease in total hair count, endorsing dermoscopic observations. Two children demonstrated spontaneous improvement without an increase in total hair numbers, and two adults responded well to topical minoxidil with increased total hair numbers and hair thickness. The difference in the frequency of underdeveloped hairs may be a major factor contributing to the clinical diversity of hair sparseness in LIPH c.736T>A homozygotes with ARWH/H. Hence, pharmacological modification to thicken existing fine hairs may provide a therapeutic strategy.
High rate of faecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy children in Bangui, Central African Republic
Authors: A. Farra, T. Frank, L. Tondeur, P. Bata, J.C. Gody, M. Onambele, C. Rafaï, M. Vray, S. Breurec
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
PSMA-Targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT Imaging of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results from a Rapid Autopsy
Authors: Michael A. Gorin, Steven P. Rowe, Jody E. Hooper, Max Kates, Hans-Joerg Hammers, Zsolt Szabo, Martin G. Pomper, Mohamad E. Allaf
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Rabid dog illegally imported to France from Morocco, August 2011
Authors: A Mailles, D Boisseleau, L Dacheux, C Michalewiscz, C Gloaguen, N Ponçon, H Bourhy, H Callon, V Vaillant, I Dabosville, P Morineau-Le Houssine
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

In August 2011, a case of canine rabies was notified to the French veterinary services. The dog was a three-month-old puppy illegally imported from Morocco that presented behavioural changes on 1 August and was admitted to a veterinary clinic on 6 August. It died the following day and the body was shortly sent to the national reference centre where rabies was laboratory-confirmed on 11 August. Contact tracing and post-exposure treatment were initiated immediately.
The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on short-term outcomes in breast surgery: A propensity score adjusted analysis of NSQIP data.
Authors: Erin Cordeiro, Angel Arnaout, Tulin Cil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

115 Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is increasingly used in the treatment of breast cancer. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether administration of NAC increased the proportion of overall 30-day post-operative complications among patients undergoing surgery for invasive breast cancer. Methods: An analysis of the American College of Surgeons, National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) participant user files from 2005-2012 was performed. Patients undergoing surgery for invasive breast cancer were included; those with high-risk comorbidities or concurrent surgery were excluded. The primary outcome was a composite of overall 30-day post-operative complications. A propensity score was calculated and a propensity score adjusted multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the independent effect of NAC on overall 30-day complications. Results: In the study period67,685 patients having surgery for invasive breast cancer were identified; of those, 3,624 (5.5%) received NAC. The rate of NAC use within this cohort increased from 5.5% to 10.2%. Patients who received NAC were: younger and had fewer medical comorbidities, but, were more likely to receive neoadjuvant radiation and undergo bilateral surgery. On unadjusted analysis, patients receiving NAC had significantly more post-operative complications than those not receiving NAC (4.9% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.0003) mainly due to infection and bleeding. However, after adjusting for confounders by propensity score adjusted multivariable regression, there was no longer a significant difference in overall 30-day post-operative complications between those receiving NAC versus not (odds ratio 1.16 [95%CI: 0.98, 1.36]). Conclusions: This is the largest study to examine the effect of NAC on post-operative complications in patients undergoing surgery for invasive breast cancer. The receipt of NAC does not impart a significantly increased risk of post-operative complications in this patient population.
Higher TRAF6 and Fbxo 3 Expression Is With Progressive Multiple Myeloma and Blockage Of TRAF6 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Bone Resorption
Authors: Mingjie Li, Suzie Vardanyan, Jillian Gottlieb, Cathy Wang, Kevin Delijani, Ran Halleluyan, Joseph Ben-Zvi, Mitchell Song, Eric Sanchez, Benjamin Bonavida, Haiming Chen, James R. Berenson
Journal: Blood (2013)
Mice with mutant Inf2 show impaired podocyte and slit diaphragm integrity in response to protamine-induced kidney injury
Authors: Balajikarthick Subramanian, Hua Sun, Paul Yan, Victoria T. Charoonratana, Henry N. Higgs, Fang Wang, Ka-Man V. Lai, David M. Valenzuela, Elizabeth J. Brown, Johannes S. Schlöndorff, Martin R. Pollak
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
Improved Outcome of Elderly Poor-Prognosis DLBCL Patients with 6xCHOP-14 and 8 Applications of Rituximab (R) Given Over An Extended Period: Results of the SMARTE-R-CHOP-14 Trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL)
Authors: Michael Pfreundschuh, Gerhard Held, Samira Zeynalova, Viola Pöschel, Andreas Viardot, Matthias Hänel, Ulrich Keller, Marcel Reiser, Markus Löffler, Niels Murawski
Journal: Blood (2011)
Tumors of the Urinary Bladder, Gall Bladder, and Liver in Dogs Fed &lt;italic&gt;o&lt;/italic&gt;-Aminoazotoluene or &lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;-Dimethylaminoazobenzene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A A NELSON, G WOODARD
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)
3D Tissue Culturing: Tissue in Cube: In Vitro 3D Culturing Platform with Hybrid Gel Cubes for Multidirectional Observations (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2016)
Authors: Masaya Hagiwara, Tomohiro Kawahara, Rina Nobata
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

An in vitro 3D culturing platform enabling multidirectional observations of 3D biosamples is presented by M. Hagiwara and co-workers on page 1566. 3D recognition of a sample structure can be achieved by facilitating multi-directional views using a standard microscope without a laser system. The cubic platform has the potential to promote 3D culture studies, offering easy handling and compatibility with commercial culture plates at a low price tag.
Genetic Susceptibility Markers of Multiple Myeloma in African-Americans
Authors: Kristin A Rand, Chi Song, Amie E. Hwang, Carol A. Huff, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi, Michael H Tomasson, Sikander Ailawadhi, David J. Van Den Berg, Xin Sheng, John J. Graff, David V. Conti, Todd Zimmerman, Edward Peters, Seema Singhal, Cathryn H. Bock, Karen Pawlish, Graham A Colditz, Xin Sheng, Alexander Stram, Sara S. Strom, Benjamin Rybicki, Rick Kittles, Howard Terebelo, Janet Stanford, Phyllis J. Goodman, Sonja I Berndt, John Carpten, Anselm JM Hennis, Lisa Chu, Graham Casey, W R Driver, Eric A. Klein, M. Christina Leske, Esther John, Adam Bryant Murphy, Christine Neslund-Dudas, Victoria L. Stevens, Curtis Pettaway, Wei Zheng, Suh-Yuh Wu, John Witte, Siqun Lilly Zheng, Jianfeng Xu, Nikhil C. Munshi, Ann Hsing, Sue Ingles, Jayesh Mehta, Lisa B. Signorello, Stephen Jacob Chanock, Barbara Nemesure, Ann M Mohrbacher, Nalini Janakiraman, William J Blot, Brian E. Henderson, Laurence N. Kolonel, Kenneth C. Anderson, Brian C-H Chiu, Jeffrey Zonder, Robert Z. Orlowski, Sagar Lonial, Daniel O. Stram, Christopher Haiman, Wendy Cozen
Journal: Blood (2014)
Type 1 Interferons Induce Changes in Core Metabolism that Are Critical for Immune Function
Authors: Duojiao Wu, David E. Sanin, Bart Everts, Qiongyu Chen, Jing Qiu, Michael D. Buck, Annette Patterson, Amber M. Smith, Chih-Hao Chang, Zhiping Liu, Maxim N. Artyomov, Erika L. Pearce, Marina Cella, Edward J. Pearce
Journal: Immunity (2016)
Androgen-deprivation therapy plus docetaxel-based chemotherapy in metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Authors: Allan Ramos-Esquivel, Joao M. Baptista, Luis Corrales-Rodriguez, Ileana GonzÃƒÂ°lez, Melissa Juarez Villegal, Zenen Zeledon, Cristina FernÃƒÂ°ndez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

188 Background: Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard of treatment for patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostatic cancer. Nevertheless, recent trials have suggested a role for chemotherapy in these patients. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of docetaxel-based chemotherapy in combination with ADT for patients with hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. Methods: Randomized clinical trials (RCT) were identified after systematic searching of electronic databases (MEDLINE, OVID and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), as well as ASCO conference proceedings from 2010 to 2015. We included only RCT comparing ADT versus the combination of ADT plus docetaxel-based chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. A random-effect model was used to determine the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for the efficacy outcomes: overall survival (OS) and clinical progression-free survival (PFS), according to the inverse-variance method. Heterogeneity was measured using the Q and I 2 statistics. Results: Three RCT (n = 2 262), were included in our meta-analysis (E3805, GETUG-AFU 15 and the M1 subgroup from STAMPEDE Trial). Docetaxel-based chemotherapy plus ADT was associated with improved OS (HR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.60-0.90; p = 0.003). The heterogeneity of these trials was moderate (Tau 2 : 0.02; I 2 : 51%; p = 0.13). Clinical PFS was also significantly better in patients receiving docetaxel-based chemotherapy (HR: 0.67; 95% CI 0.55-0.82; p = 0.0001), with moderate between-study heterogeneity detected (Tau 2 : 0.01; I 2 : 42%; p = 0.19). Different subset of patients in these trials can explain the aforementioned heterogeneity. Regarding adverse drug reactions grade 3 or higher, neutropenia was reported in a range from 36% in the GETUG-AFU 15 Trial to 12% in the STAMPEDE trial and febrile neutropenia was reported from 6.1% in the E3805 Trial to 12% in the STAMPEDE Trial. Conclusions: The addition of docetaxel-based chemotherapy to ADT improves OS and clinical PFS. New trials are needed to determine which patients benefit the most from this intervention.
Hepatitis C Core Antigen Testing for Diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: J. Morgan Freiman, Trang M. Tran, Samuel G. Schumacher, Laura F. White, Stefano Ongarello, Jennifer Cohn, Philippa J. Easterbrook, Benjamin P. Linas, Claudia M. Denkinger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection requires both a positive HCV antibody screen and confirmatory nucleic acid testing (NAT). Testing for hepatitis C virus core antigen (HCVcAg) is a potential alternative to NAT.To evaluate the accuracy of diagnosis of active HCV infection among adults and children for 5 HCVcAg tests compared with NAT.EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 1990 through 31 March 2016.Case-control, cross-sectional, cohort, or randomized trials that compared any of 5 HCVcAg tests with an NAT reference standard.2 independent reviewers extracted data and assessed quality using an adapted QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2) tool.44 studies evaluated 5 index tests. Studies for the Abbott ARCHITECT HCV Ag assay had the highest quality, whereas those for the Ortho HCV Ag enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) had the lowest quality. From bivariate analyses, the sensitivity and specificity of the assays were as follows: Abbott ARCHITECT, 93.4% (95% CI, 90.1% to 96.4%) and 98.8% (CI, 97.4% to 99.5%); Ortho ELISA, 93.2% (CI, 81.6% to 97.7%) and 99.2% (CI, 87.9% to 100%); and Hunan Jynda Bioengineering Group HCV Ag ELISA, 59.5% (CI, 46.0% to 71.7%) and 82.9% (CI, 58.6% to 94.3%). Insufficient data were available for a meta-analysis about the Fujirebio Lumipulse Ortho HCV Ag and Eiken Lumispot HCV Ag assays. In 3 quantitative studies using Abbott ARCHITECT, HCVcAg correlated closely with HCV RNA levels greater than 3000 IU/mL.Insufficient data were available on covariates, such as HIV or hepatitis B virus status, for subgroup analyses. Few studies reported genotypes of isolates, and data for genotypes 4, 5, and 6 were scant. Most studies were conducted in high-resource settings and reference laboratories.The HCVcAg assays with signal amplification have high sensitivity, high specificity, and good correlation with HCV RNA levels greater than 3000 IU/mL and have the potential to replace NAT in settings with high HCV prevalence.National Institutes of Health.
Surveillance of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection in humans and detection of the first imported human case in Taiwan, 3 April to 10 May 2013
Authors: Y C Lo, W C Chen, W T Huang, Y C Lin, M C Liu, H W Kuo, J H Chuang, J R Yang, M T Liu, H S Wu, C H Yang, J H Chou, F Y Chang
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

On 3 April 2013, suspected and confirmed cases of influenza A(H7N9) virus infection became notifiable in the primary care sector in Taiwan, and detection of the virus became part of the surveillance of severe community-acquired pneumonia. On 24 April, the first imported case, reported through both surveillance systems, was confirmed in a man returning from China by sequencing from endotracheal aspirates after two negative throat swabs. Three of 139 contacts were ill and tested influenza A(H7N9)-negative.