tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4943: Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ inhibits cell nvasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through up-regulating Galectin-9 in gastric cancer cells and in zebrafish xenograft model.
Authors: Soo-Jeong Cho, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Il Ju Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor that is known to be anti-neoplastic. Little is known about clinical significance in gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to evaluate the mechanism related to tumor invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GC cells and in an animal model. Methods: We controlled the expression of PPARγ and galectin-9 using siRNAs and lenti-viral constructs in human GC cells, and determined the effects of PPARγ and galectin-9 on EMT using RT-PCR, and on cell migration using transfilter assay and zebrafish xenograft model. Direct binding and interaction between PPARγ and galectin-9 were evaluated using luciferase and ChiP assays. Results: Over-expression of PPARγ was accompanied by increased galectin-9 mRNA. Enhanced expression of PPARγ either galectin-9 increased the expression of E-cadherin, decreased the expression of N-cadherin, fibronectin, snail, MMPs-1, and -9, and reduced cell invasion and migration. Silencing either PPARγ or galectin-9 decreased the expression of E-cadherin, increased the expression of N-cadherin, fibronectin, and snail, and also increased cell migration and invasion. ChiP assay showed PPARγ bound to the promoter region of galectin-9. Luciferase assay demonstrated that the galectin-9 promoter activity significantly increased in PPARγ over-expressing cells compared to empty vector-treated cells, but significantly decreased in PPARγ siRNA-treated cells compared to scRNA-treated cells. PPARγ agonist caused dose-dependent cell death in GC cells, and increased the subdiploid fraction of DNA. In the zebrafish xenograft model, the number of zebrafishes in which transplanted AGS cells were migrated to tail vein and the number of migrated cancer cells were much less in PPARγ-overexpressing GC cells than in empty vector transfected cells, respectively. Conclusions: PPARγ inhibits cell invasion, migration, and EMT through up-regulation of galectin-9 in vitro and in vivo. PPARγ could be a potential therapeutic target of GC. Citation Format: Soo-Jeong Cho, Myeong-Cherl Kook, Il Ju Choi. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ inhibits cell nvasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through up-regulating Galectin-9 in gastric cancer cells and in zebrafish xenograft model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4943. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4943
Endoscopic Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of pancreatic neoplasm
Authors: A Isern, C Fernández, A Graterol, C Figueira, C Ruiz, D Fuentes, M Bronstein, J Salazar, J Soto, R Cumana, M Soto, C Maradey
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has become an essential tool for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic neoplasm. It is a procedure with low complication rates that has a major impact in the final treatment of these tumors. Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients referred for EUS-FNA with presumed malignant pancreatic neoplasm between January 2008 and December 2009. Results: 36 patients were studied. 58.30% (n=21) female. Only 5.5% of the EUS-FNA was omitted because they were in stage IV at the time of exploration. Solid tumors were evident in 80.5%. According to their histology, adenocarcinoma were reported in 47.05% (n=16), mucinous cystadenoma in 8.88% (n=3), cystadenocarcinoma in 5.88% (n=2), non-Hodgkin lymphoma in 5.88% (n=2), neuroendocrine tumor (insulinoma) in 2.94% (n=1), serous cystoadenoma in 2.94% (n=1), solid pseudopapillary tumor in 2.94% (n=1), metastatic tumor 2.94% (n=1) and 17.64% (n=6) were reported negative for malignancy. There were no complications associated with the procedure. Conclusions: The findings obtained by EUS-FNA make diagnosis possible in a high percentage of tumoral lesions of the pancreas, with no procedural complication rates overall in this study. Consequently, the accurate histological diagnosis will have the potential to affect the selection of an appropriate treatment.
Gemfibrozil for the Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Men with Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Authors: Hanna Bloomfield Rubins, Sander J. Robins, Dorothea Collins, Carol L. Fye, James W. Anderson, Marshall B. Elam, Fred H. Faas, Esteban Linares, Ernst J. Schaefer, Gordon Schectman, Timothy J. Wilt, Janet Wittes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Although it is generally accepted that lowering elevated serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in patients with coronary heart disease is beneficial, there are few data to guide decisions about therapy for patients whose primary lipid abnormality is a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol.
Abstract 4867: High-throughput LanthaScreen® cellular assays for interrogating post-translational modifications of p53 and histones
Authors: Matt Robers, Thomas Machleidt, Spencer Hermanson, Jennifer Wilkinson, Justin Wetter, Kun Bi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation and ubquitination play important roles in regulating the structure and functions of histones and transcription factors such as p53, which in turn regulate essential gene expression. Dysregulation of these post-translational modifications has been linked to cancer and metabolic diseases. In particular, histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been pursued as valuable targets for various therapeutic interventions. However, detection of these enzymatic activities in a cell-based format has remained intractable using HTS-compatible technologies. To enable the drug discovery for these post-translational modification enzymes, we have developed and validated high-throughput compatible LanthaScreen® cellular assays for the analysis of histone and/or p53-specific acetylation, ubquitination and phoshorylation in cell backgrounds of interest. The cell cycle-dependent acetylation of histone H3 at Lys9 and the phosphorylation of histone H3 at Ser10 can be detected with terbium-labeled anti-Histone H3 acetyl-lys 9 and anti-phospho-Ser10 specific antibodies, respectively. In addition, poly-ubiquitination of Histone H2B can be measured with terbium-labeled anti-poly-ubiquitin antibody. We have also applied this technology and developed cellular assays for measuring DNA-damage induced phosphorylation at Ser15 and acetylation at Lys382 of p53. These assays were further validated with both small molecule inhibitor and siRNA against specific HDAC family members. Our results suggest that the deacetylation of Histone H3 Lys 9 is mediated by type I/II HDACs, whereas the deacetylation of p53 at Lys382 is mediated synergistically by both SIRT1 and type I/II HDAC activities. Together, these assays enable interrogation of multiple enzymatic activities responsible for post-translational modifications of challenging targets such as histones and p53. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4867.
Guidewire stent cannulation and sphincterotome-assisted extraction of proximally migrated biliary plastic stent
Authors: Alessandra Caponi, Andrea Lisotti, Giulio Cariani
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Stent placement is widely indicated as treatment for biliary obstruction or compression [1]. However, migration is frequently observed, particularly when plastic stents are used for benign strictures. Distally migrated stents are usually spontaneously eliminated and do not require any intervention. Proximal migration often requires stent retrieval using an endoscopic (e. g. Dormia baskets, forceps, small-snare, balloon, or Soehendra stent retrievers), percutaneous, or surgical approach [2] [3] [4] [5].
Visualization of the Rectovesical Pouch During a Peritoneal Imaging Study
Authors: FAYYAZ BARODAWALA, ALAN SIEGEL, PETRA LEWIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Radiology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire Received for publication October 31, 2001. Revision accepted February 13, 2002. Reprint requests: Alan Siegel, Department of Radiology, Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756. E-mail: [email protected]
BI-25 * CIRCULATING TUMOR CELLS IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: S. Riethdorf, M. Westphal, C. Mueller, J. Holtschmidt, A. Schulte, J. Matschke, M. Auer, M. Speicher, K. Lamszus, K. Pantel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma is highly infiltrative in its growth pattern and has a catastrophically organized vascular network. Nevertheless, reports on metastases from this entity are rare and reported predominantly in the context of organ transplantation and effective systemic immunosuppression. Using highly sensitive screening methods, we searched for GFAP positive mononuclear cells (circulating tumors cells, CTCs) in the peripheral blood taken perioperatively from 141 glioblastoma patients. In total, 2.1 x 106 mononuclear cells were screened per case and CTCs (1 to 22 per patient) could be found in 29 patients (20.6%). CTCs analyzed further by CGH and/or next generation deep sequencing for 370 cancer-associated genes showed typical chromosomal aberrations such as gains of genomic regions at chromosome 7 and losses of chromosome 10 regions. In addition, common mutations inthe MYH11 and MECOM genes of yet undetermined biological significance between tumor tissue and CTCs could be detected . CTSs appeared more frequent in the presence of EGF-R amplifications of the original tumors. There was no further correlation with survival and no clinical evidence of glioblastoma dissemination in patients even when they survived longer than 2 yrs. We conclude that CTCs are frequent in glioblastoma and together with the anecdotes of glioblastoma development in organ receipients from glioblastoma patients point towards an effective immune response outside the brain or a combination of unfavourable environmental conditions outside the brain together with some degree of immune surveillance. After this proof- of-principle study which for the first time demonstrated CTCs in glioblastoma in a significant proportion of patients the biological potential of these CTCs from glioblastoma and the clues which they may harbour for effective autologous anti-tumor strategies will be evaluated in depth.
Handgun Regulations, Crime, Assaults, and Homicide
Authors: John Henry Sloan, Arthur L. Kellermann, Donald T. Reay, James A. Ferris, Thomas Koepsell, Frederick P. Rivara, Charles Rice, Laurel Gray, James LoGerfo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Abstract To investigate the associations among handgun regulations, assault and other crimes, and homicide, we studied robberies, burglaries, assaults, and homicides in Seattle, Washington, and Vancouver, British Columbia, from 1980 through 1986. Although similar to Seattle in many ways, Vancouver has adopted a more restrictive approach to the regulation of handguns. During the study period, both cities had similar rates of burglary and robbery. In Seattle, the annual rate of assault was modestly higher than that in Vancouver (simple assault: relative risk, 1.18; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.15 to 1.20; aggravated assault: relative risk, 1.16; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.12 to 1.19). However, the rate of assaults involving firearms was seven times higher in Seattle than in Vancouver. Despite similar overall rates of criminal activity and assault, the relative risk of death from homicide, adjusted for age and sex, was significantly higher in Seattle than in Vancouver (relative risk, 1.63; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.28 to 2.08). Virtually all of this excess risk was explained by a 4.8-fold higher risk of being murdered with a handgun in Seattle as compared with Vancouver. Rates of homicide by means other than guns were not substantially different in the two study communities. We conclude that restricting access to handguns may reduce the rate of homicide in a community. (N Engl J Med 1988; 319:1256–62.)
THU0452 Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Series of 11 Patients. Literature Review.
Authors: C. A. Egues Dubuc, V. Aldasoro Cáceres, C. Meneses Villalba, M. Ecenarro Uriarte, I. Hernando Rubio, J. Belzunegui Otano
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a severe and acute inflammatory syndrome, underdiagnosed, difficult to treat and can occur at any stage of life. The macrophage activation syndrome is a variant of secondary HLH occurs in autoimmune diseases.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> Describe the clinical, laboratory, treatment and outcome of patients diagnosed with secondary HLH, identifying probable etiological and triggers causes. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study was performed between 2008 and 2012 at the Donostia University Hospital, Spain. Inclusion criteria were to met diagnostic criteria for HLH and had a bone marrow biopsy with hemophagocytics cells. Mains endpoints were: demographics, diagnostic criteria, probable etiology, triggers causes and treatments. Secondary endpoints were: time delay in diagnosis, days of hospitalization, need for admission to the Intensive Care Unit (I.C.U.) and the cause, and overall mortality. <h3>Results</h3> We recruited 11 patients (7 men and 4 women) with a mean age of 48.9 years (16 - 78 years). The below table describes the probable etiologies and triggers of secondary HLH. As no data in the literature described, we found as etiologies and triggers causes of secondary HLH: <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> in a previously healthy patient without comorbidities; <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> in a patient with <i>Human immunodeficiency virus</i> (H.I.V.); and patient with grade IV glioblastoma multiforme after starting chemotherapy with temozolomide. Hemophagocytics cells were found in ascitic fluid in one patient with Adult Still´s Disease. The mean delay in diagnosis was 14.5 days (3 – 31 days) and average time of hospitalization was 46.7 days (10 – 130 days). The 45% of patient required admission in I.C.U, the leading cause was the multiple organ failure (MOF). The overall mortality rate was 36.4% (4 MOF and 1 massive hemoptysis). Treatment given was steroids, synthetic immunosuppressants and biological drugs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The secondary HLH should be suspected in any patient with prolonged fever unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics, hepatosplenomegaly, cytopenias, coagulation and liver disorders. Hemophagocytics cells might be found in pathological body fluids before a bone marrow biopsy had been done or when there are doubts in the result of it. Meet all the diagnostic criteria is not necessary to start treatment when you have a high clinical suspicion and a bone marrow biopsy with hemophagocytics cells. Mortality can be influenced by etiology, trigger cause, and diagnosis and treatment delay. <h3>References</h3> Henter JI, et al. HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007; 48:124. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A Study of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Unconscious Patients
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf, James A. Curtin, Paul D. Hoeprich, Richard N. Peeler, Ivan L. Bennett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

A CONSEQUENCE of the successful treatment of many bacterial diseases with antibiotics has been the attempt to prevent infection by the administration of these agents prophylactically. This approach has been strikingly effective in cases in which chemoprophylaxis has been directed at a single etiologic agent such as the beta-hemolytic streptococcus, the meningococcus, the gonococcus and some species of shigella. There is no doubt that impending outbreaks of infection by these organisms can be aborted by administration of the antimicrobial drugs. In addition to this specific use, antibiotics are frequently employed in attempts to prevent "secondary" bacterial complications of diseases in . . .
PTU-058 Histological liver collagen proportionate area predicts decompensation in patients with liver cirrhosis of mixed aetiologies
Authors: G Isgro, V Calvaruso, P Manousou, T Luong, A Alibrandi, M Garcovich, E Tsochatzis, E Dionigi, D Patch, J O'Beirne, A Dhillon, A Burroughs
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Histological scoring systems diagnose cirrhosis, but not severity of cirrhosis. Computer assisted digital image analysis (DIA) of Sirius red stained sections measures fibrosis morphologically, using segmentation of digital images to measure the relative areas of collagen and of tissue, producing a fibrosis ratio or collagen proportionate area (CPA).1 CPA could have staging and prognostic value for histological cirrhosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate CPA in cirrhosis of mixed aetiology and its relationship with liver decompensation. <h3>Methods</h3> We evaluated 118 consecutive patients with histological cirrhosis retrospectively: 76 males, mean age 53(±12.31), follow-up mean of 41.6 (±22.03) months after biopsy. At biopsy 63 were compensated (no ascites, bleeding episodes, encephalopaty). <h3>Results</h3> The mean CPA value in compensated patients was 17.2 (±8.3), in decompensated patients 27.9 (±10.7) (p&lt;0.0001). Mean time to first decompensation was 47(± 21) months. The AUROC for CPA to future decompensation in the compensated group was 0.80 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.88). The best cut-off was 20.1 (80% sensitivity and 78%specificity). Decompensation within 24 months had an AUROC of 0.79 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.96) and best cut-off was 18.1 (80% sensitivity and 80% specificity). Cox regression for time to decompensation was evaluated using INR, bilirubin, albumin, sodium, creatinine, Child score and CPA. Indipendently associated variables were CPA (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.22, p=0.001) and albumin (OR 0.13, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.54, p=0.005). <h3>Conclusion</h3> CPA increases with worsening cirrhosis and is able to predict decompensation in compensated cirrhosis of mixed aetiologies. This suggests that severity of cirrhosis can be assessed histologically and that it correlates with clinical outcome.
Abstract 201: The expression of survivin in human oral squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with clinical factors
Authors: Tetsuya Tamatani, Natsumi Takamaru, Tarannum Ferdous, Daisuke Uchida, Kenji Fujisawa, Hirokazu Nagai, Youji Miyamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract [Background] Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, which is a bifunctional protein that suppresses apoptosis and regulates cell division. Survivin is expressed in various malignant tumors. The overexpression of survivin has been reported to be a poorer prognostic factor in various malignancies. However, the prognostic value of survivin expression in patients with oral cancer is still controversial. Moreover, there are few comparative studies of survivin expression between the cytoplasm and nucleus of individual cells. [Purpose] The aims of present study were to evaluate the expression of survivin protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to elucidate the relationships among the survivin expression, clinical stages, histological differentiation and YK classification. [Materials and Methods] Four human OSCC cell lines, B88, CAL27, HNt, and HSC3 cells were used in this study. Normal gingival epithelial cells served as control. Survivin expression of cultured cells was detected by western blot. Tissue specimens were obtains from 57 patients with OSCC after surgery or biopsy. Survivin expression was detected by an immunohistochemical method. [Results] The expression of survivin was detected in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of 57 cases of OSCC showed that 50 (88%) cases expressed survivin. Moreover, analysis of 50 positive cases revealed 28 cases with survivin-positive staining both in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, and 22 cases with survivin expression in cytoplasm only. There was no relationship between survivin expression and clinical stages, or histological differentiation. There were significant differences between survivin expression of nucleus and YK classification, implicated invasion mode of cancer. [Conclusions] These findings suggested that the expression of survivin in OSCC could be related to invasion mode. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 201. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-201
Successful en bloc resection of an esophageal hemangioma by endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: H. Kobara, H. Mori, T. Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Esophageal hemangiomas are uncommon benign tumors [1]. Esophagectomy is the conventional surgical approach to treatment, but recently less invasive approaches by endoscopic therapy have become more widely used [2] [3]. However, because conventional endoscopic therapy cannot obtain specimens for pathological examination and is associated with a risk of residual or recurrent hemangioma [4], en bloc removal is another possible treatment option. We report here the first case of a submucosal esophageal hemangioma successfully removed en bloc by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Understanding Responses to Reductions in CMS Payments
Authors: Gail R. Wilensky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

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A Comparison of Outcomes in Men 11 Years after Heart-Valve Replacement with a Mechanical Valve or Bioprosthesis
Authors: Karl E. Hammermeister, Gulshan K. Sethi, William G. Henderson, Charles Oprian, Tai Kim, Shahbudin Rahimtoola
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Mechanical heart valves are durable but thrombogenic, and their use requires that the patient receive anticoagulants. In contrast, bioprosthetic valves are less thrombogenic, but they have limited durability because of tissue deterioration.