tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frequency, patterns of care, and outcome of neoplastic meningitis (NM) from solid tumors in regione Piemonte, Italy: A prospective survey from a cancer network.
Authors: R. Rudà, L. Bertero, E. Picco, E. Trevisan, L. Tarenzi, M. Donadio, M. Airoldi, O. Bertetto, C. Mocellini, R. Soffietti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e12530 Background: Neoplastic meningitis (NM) is a devastating neurologic complication of cancer whose frequency and patterns of care are not well known. We investigated in a prospective survey the frequency, patterns of care and outcome of NM from solid tumors in a community hospital-based regional cancer network. Methods: Clinical forms to collect information on history, neurologic symptoms/signs, MRI patterns, CSF cytology, treatment options and outcome were sent to 29 neurological and 42 medical oncology Services of the Regione Piemonte (Italy). Data were centrally reviewed in a University Hospital to confirm the diagnosis and make the final analysis. Results: From January 2008 to December 2008 we enrolled 68 patients with suspected NM. Diagnosis was confirmed in 59 pts (87%). Diagnosis was pathologically confirmed in 27/59 (46 %) while was clinico-radiologic in 32/59 (54%). There were 39 females and 20 males with a median age of 59 yrs (range 38-80). The site of primary tumor was: breast in 25/59 (42%), lung in 18/59 (31%), unknown 5/59 (8%), gastrointestinal tract 4/59 (7%), skin (melanoma) 3/59 (5%), miscellaneous 4/59 (7%). In 55/59 (93%) patients the systemic disease at the time of diagnosis of NM was progressive and absent/under control in 4/59 (7%). Brain metastases were concomitant in 26/55. The median latency between first symptom and NM diagnosis was 4 weeks (range: 0-26 wks). Treatment for NM consisted in intrathecal chemotherapy with liposomal cytarabine (14/59), radiotherapy (WBRT or focal RT on bulky disease) (12/59), RT+intrathecal chemotherapy (2/59), surgical removal of spinal bulky disease (1/59), whereas 30/59 pts (51%) underwent supportive care only. Median survival was 6.8 wks. In a multivariate analysis the only parameter that influenced the prognosis was Karnofsky > 60 (p < 0.0042). Conclusions: This is the first community hospital-based regional study and highlights that the prognosis is poorer compared to specialized university hospitals and that half of the patients only are candidates to aggressive therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
NICE guideline committee’s comments on editorial about menopause guideline
Authors: Grammati Sarri, Melanie Davies, Mary Ann Lumsden
Journal: BMJ (2016)

We read with interest editorial on the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) menopause guideline, 1 and their comments on the presentation of evidence underpinning the guideline's recommendations. 2 We dispute their allegation that "methodological deficiencies undermine its conclusions."The development of this guideline was based on a rigorous methodological approach involving a complex meta-analysis, known as a network meta-analysis.This method was used to assess the relative effectiveness of different treatments (pharmacological and non-pharmacological) to reduce the occurrence of vasomotor symptoms.This complex meta-analysis is methodologically superior to conventional meta-analyses because it allows the simultaneous comparison of different treatments to achieve an outcome for the population of interest (in this case, women in menopause).All the relevant peer reviewed publications looking at pharmacological (such as hormone replacement therapy; HRT) and non-pharmacological interventions (such as relaxation) that met the review protocol set by the guideline committee were considered for inclusion.However, some references mentioned in Hickey and Banks's editorial did not meet these requirements, considered different outcomes (sleep, quality of life) that were not prioritised for review during guideline development, or were published too late for inclusion.The guideline committee also considered evidence in a conventional meta-analysis for other
Macrolide antibiotics exert antileukemic effects by modulating the autophagic flux through inhibition of hERG1 potassium channels
Authors: S Pillozzi, M Masselli, L Gasparoli, M D'Amico, L Polletta, M Veltroni, C Favre, G Basso, A Becchetti, A Arcangeli
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

Macrolide antibiotics exert antileukemic effects by modulating the autophagic flux through inhibition of hERG1 potassium channels
The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent–Shunt Procedure for Refractory Ascites
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of TIPS in the treatment of patients with refractory ascites and investigate the clinical factors associated with TIPS. Methods 21 consecutive patients with refractory ascites, 16 men and 5 women with mean age of 45 years (range 22-69 years) were followed up for an average of 337 days (range 50-1323 days). Asites/ abdomen circumference, serum parameters, stents function, time of followed up and survival rate were analized. Results The ascites was significantly reduced as compared with basal values (P 0.05). 81% and 91% patients had no or mild ascites during 3 to 6 months and 9 to 12 after TIPS respestively. According to responses to treatment within 3 months, using Logistic regression predicated the control of ascites with relation to Child class C for severe prognosis ( P0.05 ). There were significant change in serum sodium, serum creatinine as compared with baseline at follow-up (P 0.05). Their mortality were 14% during follow-up for 3 months, 20% in 6 and the survival rate was 72 % at 1 year. According to COX regression analysis showed that age, Child class C, serum albumin, hepatic encephalopathy, serum total bilirubin were related to severe prognosis; but only hepatic encephalopathy and Child class C had an effect on surivival rate. Conclusion TIPS is an effective method for refractory ascite caused by hepatitis cirrhosis, and also effective for patients with functional renal failure but retaining of liver compensation.
The Intersection of Environment and the Genome in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Kerry J. Ressler
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Picking winners and losers in diffuse small-cell lymphomas.
Authors: R I Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.8.991 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2526865 Picking winners and losers in diffuse small-cell lymphomas. R I FisherxR I FisherSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.8.991 PDF "Picking winners and losers in diffuse small-cell lymphomas.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(8), pp. 991–992© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
90Y Radioembolization Lung Shunt Fraction in Primary and Metastatic Liver Cancer as a Biomarker for Survival
Authors: Minzhi Xing, Steven Lahti, Nima Kokabi, David M. Schuster, Juan C. Camacho, Hyun S. Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

The aim of this study was to investigate pre-90Y lung shunt fraction (LSF) as a prognostic factor for overall survival (OS) in 90Y (resin/glass) planning 99mTc-MAA hepatopulmonary shunt studies for primary (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC], intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma) and metastatic liver tumors.A total of 366 consecutive patients with primary and metastatic liver tumors underwent pre-90Y shunt study and 90Y radioembolization (mean age, 59.2 years; 55% were male). MAA (mean activity, 3.65 mCi) was administered via the proper hepatic artery. Shunted lung activity was obtained by planar scintigraphy. Median LSF values for primary tumors and metastases were compared with OS from first 90Y therapy via Kaplan-Meier estimation and log-rank test. Correlations between LSF and tumor involvement on baseline cross-sectional imaging were analyzed using Pearson coefficient (r). Patients with LSF of greater than 20% were deemed unsuitable for 90Y.The study included 79 (21.5%) colorectal, 73 (20%) neuroendocrine, 70 (19.1%) HCC, 40 (10.9%) intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, 40 (10.9%) melanoma, 20 (5.5%) breast, and 44 (12%) other tumors including lung and pancreatic cancers. Lung shunt fractions of less than 10% and 10% to 20% were observed in 235 patients (64.2%) and 131 patients (35.8%), respectively. Median LSFs were as follows: colorectal cancer (7.60%), neuroendocrine tumor (7.01%), HCC (11.47%), cholangiocarcinoma (7.00%), melanoma (6.00%), breast cancer (7.00%), and others, including lung and pancreatic metastases to the liver (8.36%). The HCC median LSF was significantly higher than that in non-HCC tumors, 11.47% versus 7.10% (P < 0.001). High LSF (≥ 10%) in HCC correlated with poorer survival from first 90Y compared with low LSF (<10%; 4.5 vs 16.4 months, P = 0.003). Similarly, for metastatic disease, high LSF demonstrated significantly poorer survival compared with low LSF in colorectal liver metastases (13.5 vs 7.0 months, P = 0.013), neuroendocrine liver metastases (33.0 vs 9.1 months, P < 0.001), and melanoma liver metastases (12.0 vs 5.0 months, P = 0.03). No correlation between tumor burden on cross-sectional imaging and LSF was observed (r = 0.35).In patients who are candidates for 90Y therapy, higher LSF is a poor prognostic factor for OS in HCC and metastatic liver tumors.
Efficient Trafficking of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-Modified T Cells to CSF and Induction of Durable CNS Remissions in Children with CNS/Combined Relapsed/Refractory ALL
Authors: Susan R. Rheingold, Lanyi Nora Chen, Shannon L Maude, Richard Aplenc, Christine Barker, David M. Barrett, Colleen Callahan, Katherine Cebry, Irina Kulikovskaya, Simon F. Lacey, Bruce L. Levine, Jan J. Melenhorst, Pamela A Shaw, Anna Sparrow, David T Teachey, Mark Duckworth, Carl H. June, Stephan A. Grupp
Journal: Blood (2015)
Sports-related workload and injury risk: simply knowing the risks will not prevent injuries: Narrative review
Authors: Michael K Drew, Jill Cook, Caroline F Finch
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Training loads contribute to sports injury risk but their mitigation has rarely been considered in a sports injury prevention framework. A key concept behind monitoring training loads for injury prevention is to screen for those at increased risk of injury so that workloads can be adjusted to minimise these risks. This review describes how advances in management of workload can be applied as a preventive measure. Primary prevention involves screening for preparticipation load risk factors, such as low training loads, prior to a training period or competition. Secondary prevention involves screening for workloads that are known to precede an injury developing so that modification can be undertaken to mitigate this risk. Tertiary prevention involves rehabilitation practices that include a graded return to training programme to reduce the risk of sustaining a subsequent injury. The association of training loads with injury incidence is now established. Prevention measures such as rule changes that affect the workload of an athlete are universal whereas those that address risk factors of an asymptomatic subgroup are more selective. Prevention measures, when implemented for asymptomatic individuals exhibiting possible injury risk factors, are indicated for an athlete at risk of developing a sports injury. Seven key indicated risks and associated prevention measures are proposed.
(12) R.E.M. syndrome
Authors: B.R. Allen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Journal Article (12) R.E.M. syndrome Get access B.R. Allen B.R. Allen General Hospital, Nottingham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 99, Issue s16, 1 December 1978, Page 38, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1978.tb15234.x Published: 01 December 1978
Long term cardioprotective action of trimetazidine and potential effect on the inflammatory process in patients with ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: NaPoli P Di, Taccardi A A, Barsotti A, 俞梦越, 樊丽姿, 高润霖
Journal: BMJ (2005)

目的：
研究曲美他嗪对缺血性扩张型心肌病患者的长期作用，并探讨曲美他嗪对左室功能的作用和耐受性情况以及潜在抗炎作用。


设计：
将61例患者随机分为两组，一组在常规治疗基础上接受曲美他嗪(20 mg每日3次)，另一组继续常规药物治疗，共18个月。患者分别于基线、6个月、12个月和18个月进行临床体检、超声心动图和生化分析(C反应蛋白)，并做评估。


结果：
常规治疗加用曲美他嗪显著改善了患者的心功能状况(按纽约心脏协会功能分级，NYHA)。该组患者左室射血分数显著增加，于基线、6个月、12个月和18个月时分别为30(6)%、32(8)%、38(7)%、和37(6)% ，对照组分别为31(8)%、30(7)%、28(6)%、和26(9)%。接受曲美他嗪治疗的患者功能改善与左室射血分数显著增加以及对左室重构的显著作用相关联。研究中接受曲美他嗪治疗患者的C反应蛋白血浆浓度保持稳定(于基线、6个月、12个月和18个月时分别为2.5(1.0)、2.7(2.0)、2.7 (3.0)、和3.0(2.0)mg/l)，而对照组显著增高，分别为2.4(1.0)、3.4(1.2)、6.0 (4.0)和7.0(5.0)mg/l。未见到明显不良反应事件以及临床或生化指标改变。


结论：
在常规治疗上加用曲美他嗪治疗扩张型心肌病患者18个月，患者耐受性良好，功能得到改善。曲美他嗪治疗与左室功能和重构过程显著改善相关联。结果亦提示接受曲美他嗪治疗的患者炎症反应得到限制。
Adjuvant chemotherapy with temozolomide and liposomal doxorubicin in the first-line therapy of patients with glioblastoma: A phase-II trial
Authors: A. Steinbrecher, D. Beier, T. Jauch, P. Hau, U. Baumgart, C. Wismeth, U. Bogdahn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1539 Background: Temozolomide (TMZ; Temodal/Temodar) recently showed promising results in the first-line therapy of glioblastoma (Stupp R, 2004). Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PEG-Dox; Caelyx/Doxil) was successfully evaluated in patients with recurrent high-grade glioma (Fabel K, 2001; Hau P, 2002). Therefore, a combination of both agents seems promising. Here, we update data on a pilot phase II-trial using this regimen. Methods: We initiated a combination regimen consisting of TMZ and PEG-Dox in the first-line therapy of patients with glioblastoma. TMZ is given during standard radiotherapy (initiation) and on days 1–5 in 28 days starting 4 weeks after completion of radiotherapy (maintainance). PEG-Dox is given as a short-time infusion in a dose-escalation regimen once prior to radiotherapy (initiation) and on days 1 and 15 starting 4 weeks after completion of radiotherapy (maintainance). PEG-Dox is escalated for 5 mg/m2 in groups of three patients with a highest dose of 20 mg/m2 (group 4). Primary end point is dose limiting toxicity (DLT) in the toxicity phase and time to progression in the efficacy phase. Results: In the first treatment group (5 mg/m2 of PEG-Dox), one out of 7 evaluable patients had a dose limiting toxicity (DLT). In the second, third and fourth treatment groups using 10, 15 and 20 mg/m2 of PEG-Dox, the regimen was tolerated without DLT. Concerning efficacy in the “treated-patients” analysis of 17 patients treated so far, 1 had a partial response in MRI, and 12 patients had tumor stabilization 4 weeks after conclusion of radiotherapy. As no DLT was observed in dose group 4, the efficacy phase of the study will be performed with 20 mg/m2 of PEG-Dox. Accrual has started Nov 2004. Discussion: Considering the results of the dose escalation phase of this study, the regimen is feasible, tolerable, and able to induce objective responses and stabilizations in patients with glioblastoma using the standard dose of TMZ and 5 to 20 mg/m2 of PEG-Dox. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reply to D.W. Felsher et al
Authors: Lawrence N. Shulman, Claire M. Wagner, Julie Torode
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

In their letter, Felsher and Lowe suggest that by identifying existing anticancer agents, both chemicals and phytochemicals, it would be possible to create a broad-spectrum method of preventing and treating cancers. This recommendation is made from the perspective of an initiative called the Halifax Project, which the authors characterize as being formed by a need to find alternatives to advances in targeted therapies. Felsher and Lowe also emphasize the importance of shifting toward an approach to drug development that results in low-cost medicines, accessible by all those in need around the world. We, as the authors of the precipitating article agree that one of the major issues in oncology practice today is affordability of medicines, especially in the global context. However, although it is true that discovery is a vital component of advancing cancer treatment, the drugs we do have already have turned many cancer diagnoses from a death sentence into an expectation of long-term survival. Early-stage breast cancer can be cured in 80% of women with our existing interventions; the vast majority of pediatric tumors can be cured, giving children long and healthy futures where several decades ago they would have succumbed in months. With regard to prices, most of the medicines on the WHO’s Essential Medicines List for cancer are generic. In fact, our calculations show that the price of antineoplastic therapies for treating a woman with estrogen receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative early-stage breast cancer costs as little as $275 for a full course of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, and tamoxifen. The cost of medicines for a child with localized Wilms tumor is a mere $130. However, for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–overexpressing breast cancer, the cost of trastuzumab can add as much as $40,000 to the course of therapy. In some settings, even generic antineoplastic medicines are unaffordable and not available to the poor who need them, and in other settings where they are available, medicines such as trastuzumab remain unaffordable. The recent review of the WHO Essential Medicines List for cancer takes these factors into account. We agree that making cancer medicines more affordable will help bring cancer care to many who today have no access. We must remember, though, that cancer treatment is complex, requiring trained professionals (eg, physicians, nurses, pharmacists), suitable infrastructure (eg, safe mixing rooms, inpatient, outpatient), toxicity monitoring, strong supply chains, functioning referral networks, accurate pathologic diagnoses, national treatment protocols, robust electronic monitoring and evaluation platforms, and so on. By reducing prices for medicines, we tackle just one component of a large set of challenges. The only way we will see change in global cancer care is through innovation and partnership. These barriers can be overcome and, in fact, are being overcome in a number of settings.
Preclinical Justification of pbi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 Lipoplex (LPX) Treatment for Ewing's Sarcoma
Authors: Donald D. Rao, Christopher Jay, Zhaohui Wang, Xiuquan Luo, Padmasini Kumar, Hilary Eysenbach, Maurizio Ghisoli, Neil Senzer, John Nemunaitis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

The EWS/FLI1 fusion gene is well characterized as a driver of Ewing's sarcoma. Bi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 is a functional plasmid DNA construct that transcribes both siRNA and miRNA-like effectors each of which targets the identical type 1 translocation junction region of the EWS/FLI1 transcribed mRNA sequence. Previous preclinical and clinical studies confirm the safety of this RNA interference platform technology and consistently demonstrate designated mRNA and protein target knockdown at greater than 90% efficiency. We initiated development of pbi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 lipoplex (LPX) for the treatment of type 1 Ewing's sarcoma. Clinical-grade plasmid was manufactured and both sequence and activity verified. Target protein and RNA knockdown of 85-92% was demonstrated in vitro in type 1 human Ewing's sarcoma tumor cell lines with the optimal bi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 plasmid. This functional plasmid was placed in a clinically tested, liposomal (LP) delivery vehicle followed by in vivo verification of activity. Type 1 Ewing's sarcoma xenograft modeling confirmed dose related safety and tumor response to pbi-shRNA EWS/FLI1 LPX. Toxicology studies in mini-pigs with doses comparable to the demonstrated in vivo efficacy dose resulted in transient fever, occasional limited hypertension at low- and high-dose assessment and transient liver enzyme elevation at high dose. These results provide the justification to initiate clinical testing.
Let the Bile Flow! 1.0
Authors: Alan F. Hofmann
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. TO THE EDITOR: The figure of Kohli and Setchell1 is a praiseworthy attempt, presumably drawn by a medical illustrator, to illustrate bile acid metabolism as well as the multiple effects of bile acids' activating farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a key nuclear receptor that acts on multiple genes. Also shown in the figure are the effects of bile acids' activating TGR5, a G‐protein‐coupled receptor, on muscle and brown adipose tissue. The purpose of this letter is to point out some problems in the "Liver Metabolism" panel of their illustration with the hope that such problems can be fixed in future versions. The first problem is the name of the figure. Bile flow is not actually shown. (Bile flow, of course, is generated by canalicular secretion of solutes, modified by bicarbonate secretion from cholangiocytes as it passes down the biliary ductules, and concentrated in the gallbladder.)2 The canalicular lumen is a fine chicken wire‐like network between the hepatocytes that drains into the canals of Hering and is not a simple tube as shown. The illustration of the hepatobiliary unit does not show that bile acid synthesis is considered to occur in the pericentral hepatocytes, whereas the bulk of bile acids transported by the hepatocyte originate from the intestine and are secreted by the periportal hepatocytes. The figure also does not distinguish small cholangiocytes from large cholangiocytes despite their differing physiological activities. Also missing is the input of secondary bile acids generated by the intestinal microbiome (e.g., deoxycholic acid). TGR5 activation is shown releasing GLP‐1 from the large, but not the small, intestine, despite the "Enterocyte" panel (which is an ileal enterocyte) showing the TGR receptor at the tip of a microvillus. In my opinion, it is extremely difficult to illustrate the complex bile acid biotransformations, bile acid transport, and effects of FXR and TGR5 activation in a single figure. A relatively recent trend in scientific publishing is the employment of an artist to conceptualize the message. This practice makes for beautiful illustrations, but may contain errors if key aspects are "lost in translation." We look forward to a new version of this useful figure, perhaps with a new title, that will help all of us to understand this ever‐evolving story.
Proteome analysis of mast cell releasates reveals a role for chymase in the regulation of coagulation factor XIIIA levels via proteolytic degradation
Authors: Nicholas J. Shubin, Veronika A. Glukhova, Morgan Clauson, Phuong Truong, Magnus Abrink, Gunnar Pejler, Nathan J. White, Gail H. Deutsch, Stephen R. Reeves, Tomas Vaisar, Richard G. James, Adrian M. Piliponsky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)