tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LAB-PEDIATRICS LABORATORY RESEARCH
Authors: D. Carvalho, L. Bjerke, D. Bax, L. Chen, I. Kozarewa, S. Baker, R. Grundy, A. Ashworth, C. Lord, D. Hargrave, R. M. Reis, C. Jones, S. Bender, W. Feng, D. T. Jones, M. Kool, H. Cin, S. Pleier, S. Hutter, D. Sturm, H.-K. Liu, A. Korshunov, P. Lichter, S. M. Pfister, I. Alimova, D. K. Birks, P. Harris, S. Venkataraman, V. E. Marquez, N. K. Foreman, R. Vibhakar, S. Whiteway, P. Harris, S. Venkataraman, D. K. Birks, A. Donson, N. K. Foreman, R. Vibhakar, E. Xipell, P. Jauregui, M. Gonzalez, s. tejada-solis, R. Diez-Valle, T. Tunon, I. Zazpe, I. Zazpe, J. Mora, A. M. Carcaboso, C. Gomez-MAnzano, J. Fueyo, M. Alonso, K. Dorris, M. Sobo, P. Holden, E. Panditharatna, S. Li, A. Margol, C. Stephenson, L. Miles, S. Goldman, S. Asgharzadeh, A. Onar, M. Fouladi, R. Drissi, A. Erdreich-Epstein, X. Ren, H. Zhou, K. Snyder, M. Stamper, J. Perez, J. Nazarian, T. Gershon, A. Crowther, I. Garcia, V. Gama, H. Yuan, S. Chang, M. Deshmukh, M. Hutt, W. Goldstein, J. Nazarian, A. Price, K. J. Lim, K. Warren, H. Chang, C. G. Eberhart, E. H. Raabe, K. Karakoula, K. P. Phipps, W. Harkness, R. Hayward, D. Thompson, T. S. Jacques, J. L. Darling, T. J. Warr, C. Guldal, C. Potts, R. Rotenberry, A. M. Kenney, V. Amani, A. M. Griesinger, A. M. Donson, L. T. Bemis, D. K. Birks, S. K. Schittone, M. Morgan, A. Thorburn, N. K. Foreman, J. Mulcahy-Levy, I. Kolkowitz, N. Andor, T. Jensen, A. Banerjee, N. Gupta, C. Petritsch, M. Taylor, R. Hashizume, M. Tom, D. Haas-Kogan, S. Mueller, D. Stearns, N. Ma, C. G. Eberhart, R. Levy, D. Gate, J. Rodriguez, J. Breunig, M. Danielpour, T. Town
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)
SP0182 Unique contributions of macrophage TIE2 to signalling in RA
Authors: K. Reedquist
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The angiogenic factors angiopoietin (Ang)-1 and Ang-2, and their shared receptor Tie2, are expressed in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue. Clinical and translational studies have suggested important roles for Ang-1, Ang-2 and Tie2 in the pathology of RA, but the cellular targets of Ang signalling and the specific contributions of Ang-1 and Ang-2 to disease are poorly understood. Here, I discuss recent findings that synovial macrophages are prominent targets of Ang signalling, highlighting the distinct contributions that Ang-1 and Ang-2 make to macrophage activation, the role of macrophage polarization in regulating Tie2 expression and signalling, and evidence that engagement of synovial Tie2 by Ang-1 drives the development of persistent erosive RA in early arthritis patients. Together, these studies suggest a previously unappreciated role for angiogenic macrophage Tie2 signalling in promoting the initiation and persistence of pathology in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Assessment of α-synuclein in submandibular glands of patients with idiopathic rapid-eye-movement sleep behaviour disorder: a case-control study
Authors: Dolores Vilas, Alex Iranzo, Eduardo Tolosa, Iban Aldecoa, Joan Berenguer, Isabel Vilaseca, Carles Martí, Mónica Serradell, Francisco Lomeña, Llucia Alós, Carles Gaig, Joan Santamaria, Ellen Gelpi
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2016)
Abstract 696: Loss of ALCAM function as a biologic basis for ethnic disparity in breast cancer
Authors: Fang Tan, Marina Mosunjac, Amy L. Adams, Solomon Ofori-Acquah
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer affects African American women at a lower frequency than Caucasian women, yet progression of the tumor and mortality from the disease is higher among African Americans. The genetic and molecular contributions to this ethnic disparity are poorly understood. Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) is a junctional adhesive molecule tethered at sites of cell-cell contact in epithelia, mesenchymal, neuronal, and connective tissues. Loss of ALCAM function, due to reduced transcript levels, and low membrane localization, is associated with increased mortality, and poor response to adjuvant therapy in breast cancer. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that this phenomenon contributes to the ethnic disparity in breast cancer in the US. We studied cases of breast cancer in Atlanta among African American (n=90) and Caucasian (n=104) women. Immunohistochemical staining was used to study ALCAM expression in tumor and non-tumor adjacent breast tissues. Clinicopathological variables including histologic tumor grade, tumor size, lymph node involvement, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and HER2-neu status were abstracted, and their relationship to ALCAM expression was analyzed. Membranous ALCAM (mALCAM) expression correlated significantly with tumor grade, with poorly differentiated tumors showing low ALCAM staining. In addition, mALCAM correlated positively with ER status (African American: p=0.0013; Caucasian: p=0.0008) and PR status (African American: p=0.025; Caucasian: p=0.0027) in both ethnic groups; however, there were no associations between ALCAM expression and tumor size, lymph node involvement, or HER2-neu status. Tumor expression of mALCAM in Caucasians was significantly higher than in African Americans (p&amp;lt;0.0001), while there was no difference in expression of cytoplasmic ALCAM between the two groups. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine ALCAM expression in African American breast cancer, and to compare this phenotype with Caucasians. Our results indicate that markedly lower ALCAM expression may contribute to the poor prognosis of breast cancer among African Americans. Future studies will examine the genetic basis of this variation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 696. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-696
Gastroscopic Biopsy in the Differential Diagnosis of Gastritis and Carcinoma
Authors: Edward B. Benedict
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

SINCE the introduction of the Benedict flexible operating gastroscope in 1948,1 203 biopsies of the stomach have been taken by this means in the Massachusetts General Hospital Endoscopy Clinic. No accidents and no complications have resulted. As already reported,2 3 4 5 the advantages of this instrument are: biopsy of the stomach under direct vision, aspiration of gastric secretions and inflation and deflation of the stomach at will.It seems hardly necessary to point out the importance of gastroscopic biopsy in the differentiation of benign and malignant lesions of the stomach. In all other endoscopies biopsy is practiced routinely, and its advantages are . . .
Abstract 3263: Evaluation of the activity of rigosertib, an inhibitor of PI3K and MAPK pathways, in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer.
Authors: Alicia Purkey, Eun-Kee Song, Kevin Quackenbush, Stacey Bagby, John J. Arcaroli, Antonio Jimeno, Wells Messersmith
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Rigosertib is an inhibitor of the PI3K and MAPK kinase pathways and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for pancreatic cancer and hematologic diseases. The PI3K/AKT and MAPK (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) signaling pathways have been identified to play a central role in the development and progression of CRC by modulating many different downstream targets that are essential for enhancing cellular survival and proliferation. Mutations in the PI3K (PIK3CA) and MAPK (RAS) pathways have been identified and their importance is well-established in oncogenesis and as drivers of tumor growth. The objective of this study is to determine the anti-proliferative and anti-tumor effects of rigosertib in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer (CRC). Experimental Design: We used colorectal cancer cell lines and a patient-derived explant model to investigate the growth inhibitory activity of rigosertib. We treated 25 CRC cell lines with rigosertib for 72 hours and measured the effect on proliferation by a sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. We treated 5 patient-derived CRC explants with rigosertib (250 mg/kg/day-daily) for 28 days to determine anti-tumor activity in vivo. A tumor growth inhibition inhibition (TGI) ≥ 50% was considered sensitive. Results: Twenty-four CRC cell lines were sensitive to rigosertib with an IC50 &amp;gt; 1μM. The cell lines MIP-101, Lovo, and Caco-2 were the most sensitive reaching an IC50 at 0.0625 μM. The Colo678 cell line was resistant to rigosertib with an IC50 &amp;gt; 1μM. There was no association between mutational status in PIK3CA or RAS and sensitivity to rigosertib. Zero out of 5 CRC explants showed sensitivity to rigosertib. Conclusion: Rigosertib is a potent growth inhibitor in vitro of the majority of CRC cell lines tested with an IC50 &amp;lt; 1μM. Our upcoming studies will test the inhibitory effects of rigosertib on an additional 15 CRC explants in an attempt to develop biomarkers of sensitivity or resistance. Acknowledgements: The work was supported by a grant from Onconova Therapeutics® Inc. Citation Format: Alicia Purkey, Eun-Kee Song, Kevin Quackenbush, Stacey Bagby, John J. Arcaroli, Antonio Jimeno, Wells Messersmith. Evaluation of the activity of rigosertib, an inhibitor of PI3K and MAPK pathways, in a preclinical model of colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3263. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3263
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Urethra
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra is a rare and aggressive tumor of female gender preponderance. This neoplasm, the origin of which is still widely debated, has been reported with CT and MRI in case reports and small series. To the previously published conventional cross-sectional imaging description, the authors add the PET/CT features of this uncommon urologic neoplasm at its advanced stage in a 60-year-old patient complaining of urinary retention.
Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: T. E. LUTHI, R. D. BURK
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

elsewhere, and a team of doctorscured me. Then and there, I learnedthat whether you make it or not, it isa lot better to fight to live than towait to die. I do not want anyone tobe given false hope, but that is notwhat I am talking about. I am talkingabout denying people the right tofight, the right to try, the right to lookelsewhere for the answer. I am talkingabout denying hope.Dr. Herbert Benson (/), a specialistin behavioral medicine at HarvardMedical School, states, Belief isthe hidden ingredient in Westernmedicine. ... A new drug given bya doctor who believes in it en-thusiastically is far more potentthan the same drug given by askeptical doctor. . . . Clinical studieshave shown that a patient's belief ina medicine can make it far moreeffective. If you trust and believe inyour doctor, how effective will thetreatments be if that doctor tells youthat you are going to die in 6 months?Patients tend to fulfill the physician'sprognosis.Doctor, don't be responsible foryour patient's premature death. Thatis a possibility. Don't be responsiblefor shattering the quality of life. Thatis a certainty. Don't play God. Tellthe truth, the whole, accurate truth—that the disease is serious but thatsomewhere, someone might be testinga new way to treat it. Do your ownresearch on whether there is a clinicaltrial or a support group that is anappropriate alternative for the patient.Then guide the patient in thedecision-making process or refer themto someone who can help in someway. Know in your heart, without anyinvolvement of ego, that you dideverything in your power to help thepatient's quality of life as well as hisor her chance of recovery.Because we have the Cancer Man-agement Center in the Kansas Cityarea, most of the doctors here arepracticing in this manner. Once youtry it, you will find that you like it.This method gives a great feeling oftruly contributing to the well-being ofpeople without any thought of selfreward. And once you begin, it iscontagious. You will find that otherphysicians will begin to practice thesame high ethics, and soon you willfind that cancer patients do better.
PWE-019 Patient Experiences of a Polyp Cancer in the Bowel Cancer Screening Programme
Authors: H Miller, J Sedgewick
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> This study explores the experiences of patients in relation to their treatment modality to examine if there are any differences between patients who had endoscopic treatment vs. surgical treatment of a polyp carcinoma. <h3>Methods</h3> 49 patients diagnosed with a polyp cancer through the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (NHSBCSP). 24 patients (endoscopic management) and 25 patients (surgical management). A mixed-method, two-phase explanatory sequential design was employed. Phase One used mailed, EQ5D5L quality of life questionnaires to identify any general quality of life issues between surgical and endoscopic groups. Phase Two comprised of face-to-face, in-depth interviews to explore the patient experience in more detail. <h3>Results</h3> A difference in QoL issues surrounding self-care was identified during phase 1 (p &lt; 0.016). Phase 2 highlighted that patients had little or no awareness of the NHSBCSP prior to participation. Most patients were provided with treatment options and felt involved in the decision-making process. Those managed surgically (n = 3) had regular contact and support from surgical and colorectal nursing teams whilst endoscopic patients (n = 2) only had a single point of contact. All patients (n = 5) experienced feelings of shock, disbelief and fear following diagnosis with particular focus upon fear of a colostomy (surgical patients n = 3) and fear of cancer recurrence (n = 5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients diagnosed with a polyp carcinoma experience the same fears and anxieties despite treatment modality however, follow-up care and support differs significantly for the two groups with surgically managed patients being provided with more professional, clinical support than their endoscopically managed counterparts. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
GW25-e4211 6-Month Follow-Up of a Novel Biodegradable Drug-Eluting Stent Composed of Poly-L-Lactic Acid and Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles in the Porcine Coronary Artery
Authors: Xiao Jianmin, Tiangen Wu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Micrometastases and isolated tumor cells: relevant and robust or rubbish? (MIRROR): preliminary results of the MIRROR study from the Dutch breast cancer trialists' group (BOOG).
Authors: M de Boer, CH van Deurzen, JA van Dijck, GF Borm, PJ van Diest, EM Adang, HW Nortier, EJ Rutgers, C Seynaeve, MB Menke-Pluymers, P Bult, VC Tjan-Heijnen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #23 Background&amp;#x2028; The sentinel lymph node procedure (SNP) has largely replaced axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in patients with early breast cancer (BC). Intensified examination of the sentinel node (SN) results in the detection of isolated tumor cells (ITCs) and micrometastases, whereas its relevance is still debated. This retrospective cohort study is the first study on this topic which includes only patients who underwent a SNP, with central review of all SN slides, and with separate analyses for the impact of administration of adjuvant systemic therapy.&amp;#x2028; Methods&amp;#x2028; Patients operated for BC in all Dutch hospitals in the years 1998-2005, having favourable tumor characteristics (&amp;gt; 35 year; tumor size 1-3 cm and differentiation grade I-II OR tumor size ≤ 1 cm irrespective of grade), having undergone a SNP with pN0(i-), pN0(i+), or pN1mi as final N-stage were selected. Patients were classified in cohort I in case of pN0(i-) and no adjuvant systemic therapy (AST), in cohort II in case of pN0(i+)/pN1mi and no AST, and in cohort III in case of pN0(i+)/pN1mi with AST. SNs were centrally reviewed and restaged according to 6th TNM classification. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) was analysed for the 3 different cohorts.&amp;#x2028; Results&amp;#x2028; So far, data are available for 1,744 of the 3,240 selected patients (cohort I n=935; cohort II n=340, cohort III n=469) with a median follow-up of 5.5 years. At diagnosis median age was 58, 56 and 56 years (p &amp;lt; 0.01) and median tumor size was 1.2, 1.4 and 1.5 cm (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Differentiation grade and hormone receptor status were equally distributed among the three cohorts. Adjuvant systemic therapy in cohort III consisted of chemotherapy (10%), hormonal therapy (63%), or both (27%). The 5-yr DFS is 84% in cohort I, 73% in cohort II, and 86% in cohort III (p = 0.003 cohort I vs II; p &amp;lt; 0.0001 cohort II vs III). Correction for baseline characteristics did not lead to a relevant change in the results.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion&amp;#x2028; BC patients with ITCs or micrometastases as final N-stage after SNP have a significantly worse 5-yr DFS as compared to patients having no ITCs or micrometastases, independent of primary tumor characteristics. Adjuvant systemic therapy significantly improves the 5-yr DFS in the group of patients with ITCs or micrometastases in the lymph node(s). At the meeting, updated analyses will be available for the entire MIRROR study population.&amp;#x2028; Support: The Netherlands organization for health research and development (ZonMw) and all Dutch CCCs. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 23.
A confocal view of the intestinal microcirculation in a patient with Crohn disease and portal vein thrombosis
Authors: S. Hagel, T. Bruns, A. Stallmach, C. Schmidt
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 24-year-old man with ileocolonic Crohn disease presented with abdominal pain and ascites. Color Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed complete thrombosis of the portal vein, superior mesenteric vein, and splenic vein, with newly formed collaterals and hyperemia of adjacent intestinal structures. Esophagogastroscopy showed signs of portal hypertension including secondary esophageal varices, fundus varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and duodenopathy ([Fig. 1]).
UN amends policy on breast feeding
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1998)

After decades of promoting breast feeding for infant nutrition, the United Nations has issued recommendations intended to discourage women infected with HIV from breast feeding.

The UN directive advises that all HIV infected women should be informed of the risks of breast feeding before they decide whether to breast feed. The step is aimed at preventing transmission ofHIV from mothers to babies in developing countries.

The guidelines …
SP0093 Management of Pain - A Mechanism Based Approach
Authors: S. Bergman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Pain is according to the widely accepted IASP definition “an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage”. Acute pain has a protective function, but persistent pain is often complex in its nature and is no longer meaningful for the individual. In rheumatology pain is often nociceptive, and associated to inflammation and tissue damage. Neuropathic pain, as a result of direct injury of the nerves, is also often possible to relate to an obvious cause. When pain becomes longstanding some people develop a dysfunction in the nociceptive system, with phenomenon such as central sensitization and loss of central inhibition of pain signals. In these cases pain becomes a disease in its own, complicating the clinical picture and demands other considerations in management than nociceptive and neuropathic pain. The lecture will briefly present the neurophysiology behind pain and also the more complex mechanisms when pain becomes longstanding, leading to suggestions on how to treat pain on a mechanism based approach. This will include both phamacological and non-pharmacological management. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6299
Abstract 1059: Neuroendocrine-derived peptides stimulate IGF-1R signaling to promote prostate cancer cell survival
Authors: John O. DaSilva, George P. Amorino, Eli V. Casarez, Bradley Pemberton, Sarah J. Parsons
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A common feature of the most aggressive hormone-refractory prostate cancers is the accumulation of cells with neuroendocrine characteristics that produce paracrine growth factors, and may provide a proliferative advantage to cancer cells during disease progression. We have previously shown that neuroendocrine-derived peptides transactivate EGFR and Src signaling to promote growth of prostate cancer cells under low concentrations of androgen. In this study we demonstrate that in addition to the transactivation of EGFR family of receptors, neuroendocrine-derived factors enhance IGF-1R signaling through the transcriptional regulation of downstream components of the pathway to promote cell survival. cDNA microarray analysis to compare the gene expression profile of LNCaP cells in the presence or absence of neuroendocrine-derived conditioned medium (NE-CM) revealed differential regulation of multiple IGF-1R pathway signaling components including the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP-RF) and Akt. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed the downregulation of PTP-RF upon treatment of LNCaP cells with NE-CM for 24 hours that was associated with a reduction in protein levels. IGF1-R and Akt phosphorylation levels were enhanced and sustained over the 24 hour period. Statistically significant changes in cell survival, cell death, and apoptosis were observed with various experimental approaches for both LNCaP and PC3 cells treated with NE-CM. In addition, NE-CM was able to protect the prostate cancer cells from docetaxel-induced apoptosis. The pro-survival effects of NE-CM were abrogated in part by specific antagonists of the neuropeptides neurotensin, bombesin, and PTHrP, as well as selective inhibitors of IGF-1R, EGFR and Src. These data support the hypothesis that neuroendocrine-like cells secrete factors that act upon PC cells to stimulate pro-survival signaling mediated in part by IGF-1R, EGFR, and c-Src. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1059.