tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-013 Is polyp detection rate altered by the number of procedures performed during a bowel scope screening list?: Abstract PTH-013 Table 1
Authors: R Warburton, U Meagher, R Tighe
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A one-off screening flexible sigmoidoscopy at the age of 55 has been shown to significantly decrease incidence and mortality from bowel cancer.<sup>1 </sup>As a result “bowel scope” screening was offered in 6 pilot centres from March 2013 and is now beginning to be rolled out nationwide. The delivery of this service varies between sites with no consensus on the optimum number of procedures per lists. At the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital 2 rooms run simultaneously with initially 12 patients per endoscopist scheduled based on a turn around time of 20 mins. Due to a higher than expected polypectomy rates this was reduced to 10 in order to complete sessions in time. 23 patients are currently invited to a 2 room session in order to achieve an attendance of 10 patients per room. This has resulted in a wide variation in the number of people attending a bowel scope list. If more patients attend then there is the possibility that polyp detection rates may fall due to added pressure to complete the endoscopy in a set time, endoscopist fatigue and distance of bowel examined. The aim of this study is to detect any differences in polyp detection rates if 10 or more endoscopies are performed in an evening session. <h3>Method</h3> Bowel Scope screening lists performed between 1st January 2015 and the 14th February 2015 at the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital were retrospectively analysed. The number of procedures per list and polyp detection rates were recorded. Endoscopies were performed by 8 accredited bowel scope endoscopists under gold standard conditions. A student’s T-test was used to test for difference in polyp detection rates between lists with 10 or more endoscopies and those with less than 10. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 87 endoscopy lists were performed. 40 of these had 10 or morw procedures per list, 47 had 9 or less. The average number of procedures per list in each group was 10.5 and 8.2 respectively. The polyp detection rate in the 10 or more group was 17.8% whilst in the 9 or fewer groups is was 23.3% (<i>p </i>value 0.035). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is a significant fall in the polyp detection rate if more than 10 endoscopies are performed in a single session, meaning some lesions are being missed. This finding could be important for new centres planning bowel scope screening especially as trusts are considering up to 12 procedures per list or all day bowel scope sessions. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Atkin WS <i>et al</i>. Once-only flexible sigmoidoscopy in prevention of colorectal cancer: a multi-centre randomised controlled trial. <i>Lancet</i>. 2010 May 8;375(9726):1624–33
Home self-administration of omalizumab for chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: S. Denman, K. Ford, J. Toolan, A. Mistry, C. Corps, P. Wood, S. Savic
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Omalizumab is an anti-IgE monoclonal antibody, which is licensed as add-on therapy for chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU)1. Although it provides effective symptomatic control, omalizumab does not always induce lasting remission and many patients require repeated courses. Between August 2010 and July 2016 we treated 123 CSU patients with omalizumab. Only 5% (n=6) have stopped omalizumab after achieving remission (1.6% [n=2] after one course only). Of our current cohort, 75% have had >1 treatment course.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Safety of cold polypectomy for &lt; 10 mm polyps at colonoscopy: a prospective multicenter study
Authors: A. Repici, C. Hassan, E. Vitetta, E. Ferrara, G. Manes, G. Gullotti, A. Princiotta, P. Dulbecco, N. Gaffuri, E. Bettoni, N. Pagano, G. Rando, G. Strangio, A. Carlino, F. Romeo, D. de Paula Pessoa Ferreira, A. Zullo, L. Ridola, A. Malesci
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

<b>Background:</b> Cold polypectomy techniques (without electrocautery) by means of biopsy forceps or snare are widely adopted for the removal of subcentimetric polyps. However, few data are available on the safety of this approach. The aim of this study was to assess the safety of cold polypectomy for subcentimetric polyps, as well as the rate of advanced neoplasia in these lesions. <b>Patients and methods:</b> In a prospective multicenter trial, consecutive patients with at least one < 10-mm polyp at colonoscopy were prospectively included. All of the < 10-mm polyps detected within the study period were removed by cold polypectomy. The rates of immediate or delayed bleeding and other complications were assessed at 7 and 30 days after cold polypectomy by telephone calls. The rate of advanced histology was also assessed. Predictive variables of postpolypectomy bleeding or advanced neoplasia were identified by multivariate analysis. <b>Results:</b> A total of 1015 < 10-mm polyps in 823 patients (15.5 % on antiplatelet agents) were removed. Of these, 822 (81 %) were ≤ 5 mm and 193 (19 %) were 6 – 9 mm. Immediate postpolypectomy bleeding occurred in 18 patients, corresponding to a per-patient and per-polyp bleeding rate of 2.2 % (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.2 % – 3.2 %) and 1.8 % (95 %CI 1 % – 2.6 %), respectively. Therapy with antiplatelet agents (odds ratio [OR] 4; 95 %CI 1.5 – 10.6) and larger polyp size (OR 2; 95 %CI 1.1 – 6.9) were independent predictors of bleeding. Bleeding was successfully treated by endoscopic hemostasis in all cases and required no further medical intervention. Advanced neoplasia prevalence in polyps ≤ 5 mm was as high as 8.7 %. <b>Conclusions:</b> The results from this study showed the high safety of a cold polypectomy approach for subcentimetric polyps. This was due to the low rate of postpolypectomy bleeding and to the high efficacy of endoscopic hemostasis in its treatment. The high rate of advanced neoplasia in polyps ≤ 5 mm should prompt some caution on the management of these lesions following detection at computed tomography colonography or colon capsule endoscopy.
Evolutionary History of the Nesophontidae, the Last Unplaced Recent Mammal Family
Authors: Selina Brace, Jessica A. Thomas, Love Dalén, Joachim Burger, Ross D. E. MacPhee, Ian Barnes, Samuel T. Turvey
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

The mammalian evolutionary tree has lost several major clades through recent human-caused extinctions. This process of historical biodiversity loss has particularly affected tropical island regions such as the Caribbean, an area of great evolutionary diversification but poor molecular preservation. The most enigmatic of the recently extinct endemic Caribbean mammals are the Nesophontidae, a family of morphologically plesiomorphic lipotyphlan insectivores with no consensus on their evolutionary affinities, and which constitute the only major recent mammal clade to lack any molecular information on their phylogenetic placement. Here, we use a palaeogenomic approach to place Nesophontidae within the phylogeny of recent Lipotyphla. We recovered the near-complete mitochondrial genome and sequences for 17 nuclear genes from a ∼750-year-old Hispaniolan Nesophontes specimen, and identify a divergence from their closest living relatives, the Solenodontidae, more than 40 million years ago. Nesophontidae is thus an older distinct lineage than many extant mammalian orders, highlighting not only the role of island systems as "museums" of diversity that preserve ancient lineages, but also the major human-caused loss of evolutionary history.
A Novel Targeted Approach to the Treatment of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with an Anti-Interferon Gamma (IFNγ) Monoclonal Antibody (mAb), NI-0501: First Results from a Pilot Phase 2 Study in Children with Primary HLH
Authors: Michael Jordan, Franco Locatelli Prof, Carl Allen, Fabrizio De Benedetti, Alexei A. Grom, Maria Ballabio, Walter Giovanni Ferlin, Cristina De Min
Journal: Blood (2015)
P1-218: Evaluation of the Recommended Dose and Efficacy of Amrubicin as 2nd and 3rd-line Chemotherapy for Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Satoshi Igawa, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Akira Ono, Yukiko Nnakamura, Asuka Tsuya, Haruyasu Murakami, Masahiro Endo, Toshiaki Takahashi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Mild / Moderate Hemophilia A with Factor VIII Inhibitors (MHAI): Results of a French and Belgian Survey.
Authors: Roseline d’Oiron, Jean Maurice Lavergne, Jenny Goudemand, Annie Borel-Derlon, Claude Guerois, Chantal Rothschild, Kathelijne Peerlinck, Herve Chambost, Natalie Stieltjes
Journal: Blood (2004)
Evaluating Elevated Hemoglobin
Authors: Brandi N. Reeves, Margaret L. Gulley
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation exposure during computed tomography-guided cryoablation of renal masses.
Authors: A. S. Burns, M. J. Bassignani, N. S. Schenkman, D. Theodorescu, A. Goode, T. L. Krupski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e15116 Background: Despite heightened awareness of risks from ionizing radiation, the use of image-guided therapy is rising. Our goal was to calculate the radiation effective dose (ED) received during computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous cryoablation (PC) of renal masses. Methods: A retrospective chart review from January 2008 to June 2009 found 21 patients had undergone CT-guided PC. Using radiation dose estimates from the procedures based on a standard anthropomorphic phantom, mean radiation ED was estimated. Fluoroscopy time and total ED were used to compute the learning curve which was assessed with correlation testing. Results: We performed PC on 24 masses ranging from 0.9-8.0cm. Mean patient age, body mass index, and lesion size were 65.8 years, 28.3, and 2.9 cm, respectively. For each mass ablated, mean fluoroscopy time was 46.4 seconds (range 11.4-143.4 sec), mean fluoroscopy ED was 8.2 mSv (range 1.9-28.0 mSv), and mean total ED was 21.6 mSv (range 10.1-37.5 mSv). We estimated the learning curve by dividing the 24 masses into quartiles and calculated the mean mass size, fluoroscopy time, and total ED per quartile. There was a 59.3% decrease in fluoroscopy time and a 39.4% decrease in total ED between the 1st and 4th quartile despite a 17.7% increase in mass size. Fluoroscopy time was moderately correlated with case number (R2=0.32). When plotting fluoroscopy time utilized per individual mass versus case number a decline was seen (R2=0.35). Fluoroscopy time alone was minimally correlated with mass size (R2=0.19) and not at all with BMI (R2=0.05). Conclusions: Fluoroscopy time declined as operator experience increased, subjecting patients to less radiation exposure. Mean total radiation ED was 21.6 mSv for all cases. For comparison, three-phase renal CT ED on our scanner was 23.7 mSv. While the greatest decline in fluoroscopy time (51.0%) occurred between the 1st and 2nd quartile, there was still an 11.0% time decrease between the 3rd and 4th quartile suggesting continued improvement in the learning curve. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Regional strain distribution throughout the left and right ventricle in healthy children. A colour Doppler myocardial imaging study. A new cardiac ultrasound index of regional deformation
Authors: Frank Weidemann, F Jamal, Benedicte Eyskens, Luc Mertens, Miroslaw Kowalski, Jan D'hooge, Bart Bijnens, Marc Gewillig, G.R Sutherland
Journal: Circulation (2000)
Quality maternity care for every woman, everywhere: a call to action
Authors: Marjorie Koblinsky, Cheryl A Moyer, Clara Calvert, James Campbell, Oona M R Campbell, Andrea B Feigl, Wendy J Graham, Laurel Hatt, Steve Hodgins, Zoe Matthews, Lori McDougall, Allisyn C Moran, Allyala K Nandakumar, Ana Langer
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
P3-082: Erlotinib as third and successive line of treatment in advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Adelaida García-Velasco, Ramón Pérez-Carrión, Javier de Castro, Pilar Garrido, Ramón García, José-Luis González-Larriba, Germán Martín, Mariano Provencio, Pilar Regueiro, Bartomeu Massutí
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
P3-061: Erlotinib as single agent in elderly patients (p) with advanced or metastatic NSCLC
Authors: Vicente Alberola, Oscar Gallego, Guillermo López Vivanco, Carlos Mesía, Juana Oramas, José Manuel Trigo, Juan Antonio Virizuela, Carlos Camps, María Luz Amador, Bartomeu Massutí
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
P3-160: Histoculture drug response assay for gefitinib in non–small cell lung cancer
Authors: Yoshimitsu Hirai, Tatsuya Yoshimasu, Shoji Oura, Takeshi Tamaki, Fuminori Ota, Rie Nakamura, Yukio Shimizu, Koma Naito, Megumi Kiyoi, Yoshitaka Okamura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Efficacy and Safety of Novel Oral Anticoagulants in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Heart Failure
Authors: Gianluigi Savarese, Robert P. Giugliano, Giuseppe M.C. Rosano, John McMurray, Giulia Magnani, Gerasimos Filippatos, Santo Dellegrottaglie, Lars H. Lund, Bruno Trimarco, Pasquale Perrone-Filardi
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2016)
P3-062: Wood-smoke exposure as a survival predictor in non-small cell lung cancer with response to erlotinib: an open label phase II study
Authors: Oscar Arrieta, Eduardo Tellez, Luis Martinez, Jhony De-La-Cruz-Vargas, Diana Flores-Estrada, Juan-Carlos Silva-Godinez, Rafael Morales-Barrera, Jaime de la Garza
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Hepatic stellate cells induce hepatocellular carcinoma cell resistance to sorafenib through the laminin‐332/α3 integrin axis recovery of focal adhesion kinase ubiquitination
Authors: Amalia Azzariti, Serena Mancarella, Letizia Porcelli, Anna Elisa Quatrale, Alessandra Caligiuri, Luigi Lupo, Francesco Dituri, Gianluigi Giannelli
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving sorafenib, drug resistance is common. HCC develops in a microenvironment enriched with extracellular matrix proteins including laminin (Ln)-332, produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Ln-332 is the ligand of α3β1 and α6β4 integrins, differently expressed on the HCC cell surface, that deliver intracellular pathways. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ln-332 on sorafenib's effectiveness. HCC cells were challenged with sorafenib in the presence of Ln-332 and of HSC conditioned medium (CM). Sorafenib impaired HCC cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. HSC-CM or Ln-332 inhibited sorafenib's effectiveness in HCC cells expressing both α3β1 and α6β4. Inhibiting α3 but not α6 integrin subunit using blocking antibodies or small interfering RNA abrogated the protection induced by Ln-332 and HSC-CM. Hep3B cells expressing α6β4 but lacking the α3 integrin were insensitive to Ln-332 and HSC-CM protective effects. Hep3B α3-positive, but not wild-type and scramble transfected, cells acquired protection by sorafenib when plated on Ln-332-CM or HSCs. Sorafenib dephosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, whereas Ln-332 and HSC-CM partially restored the pathways. Silencing FAK, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2, abrogated the protection induced by Ln-332 and HSC-CM, suggesting a specific role for FAK. Sorafenib down-regulated total FAK, inducing its proteasomal degradation, while Ln-332 and HSC-CM promoted the escape of FAK from ubiquitination, probably inducing a preferential membrane localization.This study unveils a novel mechanism of sorafenib resistance depending on the α3β1/Ln-332 axis and requiring FAK ubiquitination, providing new insights into personalizing therapy for patients with HCC. (Hepatology 2016;64:2103-2117).
Targeting methyltransferase PRMT5 eliminates leukemia stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Yanli Jin, Jingfeng Zhou, Fang Xu, Bei Jin, Lijing Cui, Yun Wang, Xin Du, Juan Li, Peng Li, Ruibao Ren, Jingxuan Pan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Imatinib-insensitive leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are believed to be responsible for resistance to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors and relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Identifying therapeutic targets to eradicate CML LSCs may be a strategy to cure CML. In the present study, we discovered a positive feedback loop between BCR-ABL and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in CML cells. Overexpression of PRMT5 was observed in human CML LSCs. Silencing PRMT5 with shRNA or blocking PRMT5 methyltransferase activity with the small-molecule inhibitor PJ-68 reduced survival, serial replating capacity, and long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) in LSCs from CML patients. Further, PRMT5 knockdown or PJ-68 treatment dramatically prolonged survival in a murine model of retroviral BCR-ABL-driven CML and impaired the in vivo self-renewal capacity of transplanted CML LSCs. PJ-68 also inhibited long-term engraftment of human CML CD34+ cells in immunodeficient mice. Moreover, inhibition of PRMT5 abrogated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CML CD34+ cells by depleting dishevelled homolog 3 (DVL3). This study suggests that epigenetic methylation modification on histone protein arginine residues is a regulatory mechanism to control self-renewal of LSCs and indicates that PRMT5 may represent a potential therapeutic target against LSCs.
Sunscreen Use and Subsequent Melanoma Risk: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Reza Ghiasvand, Elisabete Weiderpass, Adele C. Green, Eiliv Lund, Marit B. Veierød
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose To assess melanoma risk in relation to sunscreen use and to compare high- with low-sun protection factor (SPF) sunscreens in relation to sunbathing habits in a large cohort study. Materials and Methods We used data from the Norwegian Women and Cancer Study, a prospective population-based study of 143,844 women age 40 to 75 years at inclusion with 1,532,247 person-years of follow-up and 722 cases of melanoma. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between sunscreen use (never, SPF < 15, SPF ≥ 15) and melanoma risk by calculating hazard ratios and 95% CIs. The population attributable fraction associated with sunscreen use was estimated. Results Sunscreen users reported significantly more sunburns and sunbathing vacations and were more likely to use indoor tanning devices. SPF ≥ 15 sunscreen use was associated with significantly decreased melanoma risk compared with SPF < 15 use (hazard ratio, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.83). The estimated decrease in melanoma (population attributable fraction) with general use of SPF ≥ 15 sunscreens by women age 40 to 75 years was 18% (95% CI, 4% to 30%). Conclusion Use of SPF ≥ 15 rather than SPF < 15 sunscreens reduces melanoma risk. Moreover, use of SPF ≥ 15 sunscreen by all women age 40 to 75 years could potentially reduce their melanoma incidence by 18%.
A Phase III Study to Determine the Efficacy and Safety of Lenalidomide in Combination with Melphalan and Prednisone (MPR) in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.
Authors: Antonio Palumbo, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Michel Delforge, Martin Kropff, Robin Foa, Zhinuan Yu, Lindsay Herbein, Jay Mei, Christian Jacques, John Catalano
Journal: Blood (2009)
Sugar industry paid for dietary research in 1960s, analysis shows
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The sugar industry not only paid for but also initiated and influenced research to exonerate sugar as a major risk factor for coronary heart disease, a US analysis of archival documents published in JAMA Internal Medicine suggests.1

Researchers examined internal documents from the 1950s and ’60s, which show that the Sugar Research Foundation sponsored a research programme that successfully cast doubt on the dangers of sucrose while promoting dietary fat as the culprit in coronary heart disease.

The association paid more than …
P3-005: The tissue array analysis of the aberrant expression of HLA class I molecules in human non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Takeo Hasegawa, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Jun Ohsugi, Yutaka Shio, Mitsunori Higuchi, Atsushi Yonechi, Mika Hoshino, Mitsukazu Gotoh
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Histopathological validation of lymph node staging in cancer of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction with FDG-PET scan: a prospective study based on primary surgery with extensive lymphadenectomy
Authors: Antoon Lerut, P Flamen, Nadine Ectors, Eric Van Cutsem, M Peeters, Martin Hiele, Ivo De Wever, Willy Coosemans, George Decker, Paul De Leyn, Georges Deneffe, Dirk Van Raemdonck, Luc Mortelmans
Journal: Gut (2000)
P1-139: A survey of Canadian practice in management of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM)
Authors: Christopher W. Lee, Joe Pater, Jocelyne Martin, Rob MacRae, Scott A. Laurie, Yee C. Ung, Corey Willman, Debbie Soroka, Frances A. Shepherd
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)