tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P2-13-01: An innovative risk-reducing approach to post-mastectomy radiation delivery following autologous breast reconstruction
Authors: ML Piper, M Evangelista, D Amara, DA Daar, RD Foster, B Fowble, H Sbitany
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Introduction: There is no consensus among radiation oncologists regarding delivery of post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) after immediate autologous breast reconstruction, and plastic surgeons rarely participate in this decision-making process. However, radiation-induced changes markedly influence flap outcomes and affect the flap permanently. We present an innovative approach for PMRT delivery, through the use of custom bolus. This technique provides individualized, targeted PMRT to the reconstructed breast to minimize flap-related complications. Methods: All patients who underwent mastectomy with immediate autologous reconstruction between 2005 and 2014 at our institution were identified. Radiation was delivered to the reconstructed autologous breast in 29 patients. Post-irradiation complications and reconstruction outcomes were compared for patients treated with custom bolus, standard PMRT, and historical controls. Results: Over the past 10 years, 157 patients (226 breasts) underwent immediate autologous tissue breast reconstruction following mastectomy. Of the 29 patients who received PMRT, 10 were treated with custom bolus. The custom bolus uses perforated Aquaplast and a nearly tissue-equivalent wax to form a cast which conforms to the irregular contours of the chest wall, allowing for easy application through the duration of treatment. Pre-irradiation computed tomography was used to optimize dose distribution, evaluate the internal mammary vessels, and target the deeper tissues adjacent to the chest wall (minimizing dose inhomogeneity to the skin). Custom bolus resulted in fewer radiation-induced skin changes and less skin tethering/fibrosis than standard bolus (0% vs 10% and 20% vs 35%, respectively), and less volume loss and contour deformities compared with historical controls (10% vs 22.8% and 10% vs 30.7%, respectively). Conclusion: The use of custom bolus tailors radiation delivery to the internal mammary vessels, anastomoses, and skin; uniformly doses the surgical incision; and provides the necessary radiation dose to prevent recurrence, thus not compromising oncologic safety. It is easily fabricated, cost-effective and placement is straightforward and reproducible. Because radiation has negative effects on autologous breast reconstruction and often results in vascular intimal fibrosis and fat necrosis, plastic surgeons should participate in radiation planning. Our custom bolus PMRT technique reduces the incidence of these radiation effects. Citation Format: Piper ML, Evangelista M, Amara D, Daar DA, Foster RD, Fowble B, Sbitany H. An innovative risk-reducing approach to post-mastectomy radiation delivery following autologous breast reconstruction. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-13-01.
Book: A Season in Hell
Authors: I. M Peat
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Marilyn French Virago Press, £15.99, pp 288 ISBN 1 86049 447 1 —— —— — — — — Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> This is a remarkable true story. In 1992 Marilyn French, best selling author of The Women's Room , was found to have inoperable squamous carcinoma of the intrathoracic oesophagus, presenting with metastatic supraclavicular nodes. She was told that even with localised disease and intensive treatment the chance of surviving five years was less than 1 in 5 and that metastatic disease meant terminal illness. Although espousing truth and assertiveness in her everyday life, she … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Anterior cingulate gyrus volume and glucose metabolism in autistic disorder
Authors: M M Haznedar, M S Buchsbaum, M Metzger, A Solimando, J Spiegel-Cohen, E Hollander
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

This study reports the first paired measurements of glucose metabolism and volume of the anterior cingulate gyrus in autism.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans of seven high-functioning autistic patients and seven sex- and age-matched normal volunteers were coregistered. After the anterior cingulate gyri were outlined on the MRI images, the volumes of the structures were measured and corrected for brain volume. The volumes were then applied to the PET images and metabolic maps were obtained.Right anterior cingulate area 24' was significantly smaller in relative volume, and both area 24 and area 24' were metabolically less active, in the autistic patients than in the normal subjects.Autism may be characterized by structural and functional alterations in the anterior cingulate gyrus.
Predominant Api m 10 sensitization as risk factor for treatment failure in honey bee venom immunotherapy
Authors: Marcel Frick, Jörg Fischer, Arthur Helbling, Franziska Ruëff, Dorothea Wieczorek, Markus Ollert, Wolfgang Pfützner, Sabine Müller, Johannes Huss-Marp, Britta Dorn, Tilo Biedermann, Jonas Lidholm, Gerta Ruecker, Frank Bantleon, Michaela Miehe, Edzard Spillner, Thilo Jakob
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)

BackgroundComponent resolution recently identified distinct sensitization profiles in honey bee venom (HBV) allergy, some of which were dominated by specific IgE to Api m 3 and/or Api m 10, which have been reported to be underrepresented in therapeutic HBV preparations.ObjectiveWe performed a retrospective analysis of component-resolved sensitization profiles in HBV-allergic patients and association with treatment outcome.MethodsHBV-allergic patients who had undergone controlled honey bee sting challenge after at least 6 months of HBV immunotherapy (n = 115) were included and classified as responder (n = 79) or treatment failure (n = 36) on the basis of absence or presence of systemic allergic reactions upon sting challenge. IgE reactivity to a panel of HBV allergens was analyzed in sera obtained before immunotherapy and before sting challenge.ResultsNo differences were observed between responders and nonresponders regarding levels of IgE sensitization to Api m 1, Api m 2, Api m 3, and Api m 5. In contrast, Api m 10 specific IgE was moderately but significantly increased in nonresponders. Predominant Api m 10 sensitization (>50% of specific IgE to HBV) was the best discriminator (specificity, 95%; sensitivity, 25%) with an odds ratio of 8.444 (2.127-33.53; P = .0013) for treatment failure. Some but not all therapeutic HBV preparations displayed a lack of Api m 10, whereas Api m 1 and Api m 3 immunoreactivity was comparable to that of crude HBV. In line with this, significant Api m 10 sIgG4 induction was observed only in those patients who were treated with HBV in which Api m 10 was detectable.ConclusionsComponent-resolved sensitization profiles in HBV allergy suggest predominant IgE sensitization to Api m 10 as a risk factor for treatment failure in HBV immunotherapy.Graphical abstract
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;In Pasture&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Human Blood Serum on Tissue Cultures. III. A Natural Cytotoxic System in Human Blood Serum&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Fedoroff, S., Doerr, J.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Journal Article Effect of Human Blood Serum on Tissue Cultures. III. A Natural Cytotoxic System in Human Blood Serum Get access S. Fedoroff, S. Fedoroff Department of Anatomy, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Doerr J. Doerr Department of Anatomy, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 29, Issue 2, August 1962, Pages 331–353, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/29.2.331 Published: 01 August 1962 Article history Received: 21 February 1962 Published: 01 August 1962
Solubilization and Partial Isolation of Human Melanoma Tumor-Associated Antigens2
Authors: Gary M. Stuhlmiller, Robert W. Green, H. F. Seigler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Human melanoma cell membrane tumor-associated antigens (TAA's) were solubilized in an active form by pronase digestion of either a fresh melanoma or cells from a melanoma cell line maintained in tissue culture. Upon elution from Sephadex G-200 column, TAA's solubilized from the melanoma cell line were found in four distinct peaks that had apparent molecular weights of approximately 48,000 (partition coefficient Kd, 0.426), 25,000 (Kd;0.567), 17,000 (Kd;0.699), and 13,000 (Kd;0.831) daltons, respectively. Fetal antigen activity was found in all but the 13,000-dalton peak. HLA antigen activity was detected in the 17,000-dalton material. TAA's prepared from the fresh tumor source eluted from Sephadex G-200 column with an apparent molecular weight of 14,000–25,000 (Kd;0.786-0.572) daltons, as did HLA antigens. A partial resolution of the TAA's from the HLA antigens was achieved with the use of DEAE-cellulose chromatography. Results of antigenic stability assays suggested that the TAA structure is stable to prolonged exposure to low pH. Recovery of TAA activity from the strong denaturing agents 5 m urea, 0.5% (wt/vol) sodium dodecyl sulfate, and 4 m guanidine hydrochloride was partially successful. These properties of the TAA's may be useful for further isolation of the TAA's.
Screening for dysfunction in the children of outpatients at a psychopharmacology clinic
Authors: M S Jellinek, S J Bishop, J M Murphy, J Biederman, J F Rosenbaum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The goals of this study were 1) to determine whether the use of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist in an adult-oriented psychiatric practice was feasible, 2) to determine if scores indicative of dysfunction on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist were associated with parental or background factors, 3) to determine whether children flagged by their scores on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist were receiving psychiatric services, and 4) to compare the psychosocial dysfunction in this group of children with that found in children screened as part of routine pediatric visits.Adult outpatients in a hospital's clinical psychopharmacology unit were asked to complete the Pediatric Symptom Checklist regarding their children. These patients were the parents of 100 school-aged children. Factors such as the parents' diagnoses and demographic variables were also examined.The Pediatric Symptom Checklist was readily accepted by parents and fit easily into the routine of general psychiatric practice. Significantly more of the children of these outpatients than of children in comparable pediatric offices had scores indicative of psychiatric dysfunction (scores above the cutoff). Children of parents who were single, of low socioeconomic status, or with a diagnosis of personality (especially borderline) or mood disorder were more likely to have scores above the cutoff. More than a third of the children who had scores above the cutoff on the Pediatric Symptom Checklist were not currently receiving psychiatric services.The Pediatric Symptom Checklist provided a rapid and simple method for general psychiatrists to identify psychosocial dysfunction in their patients' children.
Soundings: Seven guidelines of wisdom
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Doctors are expected to be wise. Nowadays people can access knowledge without our help. They want more from us than just correct decision making, and we expect wisdom of one another. The commonest complaint about doctors in trouble is that they lack insight.

Yet we receive no training in wisdom. We assume that it is randomly distributed and partly genetic, like musical ability. Over the past six years the BMJ has published only 13 papers with “wisdom” in the title or abstract. Three of them were about teeth.

Here at last are some guidelines. (1) Mix the generations: In modern Britain the only time that the generations mingle is at weddings. In hospital, consultants teach registrars, registrars teach juniors, and students teach one another. Intergenerational discourse should be reintroduced. Don't assume the flow of wisdom will be one way. (2) Take time for reflection: “Reflective practice” is a cliche in nursing journals but not in ours. If anyone passing my door sees me sitting and thinking I feel guilty. The only place where you could stare thoughtfully through the window used to be the train, but modern electronics have stopped even that. (3) Converse with lay people: This is hard. Many lay people have fixed attitudes to our profession, ranging from awe to resentment. Many doctors encourage these feelings. Concealing your calling is no help. We must converse as equals. (4) Dare to be unoriginal: Today's NHS is constantly seeking novelty. Its jargon has a six week shelf life. In this context it takes nerve to point out the obvious. Wisdom is old fashioned though it can be repackaged under a snappy title like “clinical governance.” (5) Move around: This is increasingly difficult. Long ago undergraduates could move around Europe, but medical schools' seamless curricula now make this impossible. Regions are doing the same for specialist registrars. And consultants stay put. (6) Keep your sense of humour: Seriousness belongs in the consulting room. Outside, be a jester, whose job is to deflate pomposity. Good jokes depend on insight. Think of all the books called The wit and wisdom of . . . . (7) Stop reading articles with “guidelines” in the title: Whoever heard of a wise person reading numbered guidelines? Or writing them?
VARIANT ANGINA PECTORIS
Authors: T Stasiński
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
GPs call for ballot to consider industrial action
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

GPs have called on the BMA to ballot the profession on their willingness to take industrial action and to sign undated resignation letters.

GPs at the BMA’s conference of local medical committees (LMCs), the bodies that represent GPs at a local level, in London on Friday 20 May said that the government’s General Practice Forward View , published last month,1 was not an adequate response to the BMA’s “urgent prescription for general practice.”2 A motion said that GPs considered this to be “sufficient grounds” for a trade dispute and that unless the government accepted the urgent prescription within three months the BMA should ballot GPs on their willingness to take industrial action.

They also voted for the BMA to ballot the profession on their willingness to sign undated resignation letters. …
Mapping the landscape of metabolic goals of a cell
Authors: Qi Zhao, Arion I. Stettner, Ed Reznik, Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis, Daniel Segrè
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

Genome-scale flux balance models of metabolism provide testable predictions of all metabolic rates in an organism, by assuming that the cell is optimizing a metabolic goal known as the objective function. We introduce an efficient inverse flux balance analysis (invFBA) approach, based on linear programming duality, to characterize the space of possible objective functions compatible with measured fluxes. After testing our algorithm on simulated E. coli data and time-dependent S. oneidensis fluxes inferred from gene expression, we apply our inverse approach to flux measurements in long-term evolved E. coli strains, revealing objective functions that provide insight into metabolic adaptation trajectories.
An Easter outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT 104A associated with traditional pork salami in Italy
Authors: I Luzzi, P Galetta, M Massari, Caterina Rizzo, A M Dionisi, E Filetici, A Cawthorne, A Tozzi, M Argentieri, S Bilei, L Busani, C Gnesivo, A Pendenza, A Piccoli, P Napoli, L Loffredo, M O Trinito, E Santarelli, M L Ciofi Degli Atti
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

Salmonella enterica is a common cause of gastrointestinal illness in Italy. S. Typhimurium accounts for approximately 40% of isolates, and most of these strains belong to the phage type DT104. We describe the investigation of an outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT104A, a subtype never observed before in Italy, which occurred in Rome during spring 2004. We conducted a matched case control study between 24 July and 9 September 2004. Controls were matched for age and area of residence. Each case had between one and four controls. Odds of exposure to potential risk factors and vehicles for the outbreak were compared between cases and controls. A multivariate analysis was conducted to estimate adjusted Odds Ratios. Sixty-three cases of S. Typhimurium DT 104A infection with onset between 1 April and 5 May 2004 were identified. Sixty-one were residents of Rome and two were residents of a neighbouring region. Twenty-six cases (43%) were enrolled in the study. Their median age was 7.5 years. Fourteen of 26 cases and 16 of 62 controls had eaten pork salami (OR= 25.5; 95% CI 1.6- 416.8). No food samples were available for testing. In northern Italy, two months prior to the outbreak, the veterinary surveillance system identified the first isolation of S. Typhimurium DT104A in a pig isolate. Both human and pig isolates showed indistinguishable PFGE patterns. It was not possible to trace the pig after the sample was taken at slaughter. The epidemiological evidence on the implication of pork salami in this outbreak suggests that pork products can also be a vehicle for salmonella in Italy and underlines the importance of good manufacturing practices for ready-to-eat foods. This investigation highlights the value of laboratory-based surveillance in identifying community-wide outbreaks of uncommon pathogens. It also underlines the need to improve surveillance timeliness, for promptly detecting outbreaks, undergoing field investigation, and implementing control measures. Moreover, our study shows the usefulness of integrated human and animal surveillance in tracing the possible source of infection.
Bias and Fraud in Medical Research: A Review
Authors: A V Pollock, Mary Evans
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

‘If a man will begin with certainties, he shall end in doubts; but if he will be content to begin with doubts, he shall end in certainties' (Bacon 1605). Four centuries later, one of the greatest of contemporary philosophers — Sir Karl Popper — has consistently maintained that knowledge advances by refutation of false doctrines and not by verification of true ones (which, indeed, can never be completely verified). ‘Error is unavoidable; it can be rational, and when responsibly made and honestly reported, is not even culpable’ (Laor 1985). The desire to verify an hypothesis rather than to seek to refute it can be responsible for the suppression of deviant data. There is a fine distinction between bias, which may afflict honest investigators, and fraud, which is always dishonest. Even a true statement can be tainted by bias, and Ronald Fisher concluded that Mendel's published figures on the genetics of peas were so close to the expected ratio of 3:1 that it would have taken ‘an absolute miracle of chance’ to produce them (Hamblin 1981).
Effects of Smoking Modified Cigarettes on Respiratory Symptoms and Ventilatory Capacity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S. Freedman, Ph.D., M.R.C.P., C. M. Fletcher, CBE, F.R.C.P., G. B. Field
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Effects of Smoking Modified Cigarettes on Respiratory Symptoms and Ventilatory Capacity Get access S. Freedman, Ph.D., M.R.C.P., S. Freedman, Ph.D., M.R.C.P. Department oi Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. M. Fletcher, CBE, F.R.C.P., C. M. Fletcher, CBE, F.R.C.P. Department oi Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. B. Field G. B. Field Department oi Medicine, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Hammersmith Hospital, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 1972, Pages 1805–1810, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.6.1805 Published: 01 June 1972
Increase in the spread of human immunodeficiency virus in Sweden, 2007
Authors: M Arneborn, A Blaxhult
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

As of the end of 2007, 8,014 people have been reported as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive in Sweden. About 4,500 of them were still alive and living in Sweden at the end of 2007. Many deaths occurred before effective antiretroviral treatment became available in 1996, and a substantial number of those who tested positive were only temporarily in Sweden. From the late 1980s until 2002, around 300 new cases were reported annually. In recent years, there has been a gradual increase, and in 2007, a total of 541 cases were reported, which is the highest figure since the mid-1980ies, when it first became possible to diagnose HIV infections (Figure 1).