tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Forensic Stomatology
Authors: Reidar D. Sognnaes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Bite-Mark EvidenceFew subjects within the domain of forensic odontology have received as much attention within recent years as bite-mark evidence. In such situations the bite-mark pattern may be looked upon as somewhat comparable to an ante-mortem dental record — i.e., as a chart or mirror-image "cast" of a person's dentition. In comparison to modern elastomeric impression compounds, we are, of course, dealing with relatively poor "impression materials" when it comes to the soft skin of a battered baby, a sexually assaulted woman or a half-eaten banana, left behind with a culprit's tooth prints. Reports from several parts of the . . .
Influence of Age on the Copper and Zinc Content in the Epidermis of Mice Undergoing Carcinogenesis with Methylcholanthrene and a Note on the Role of Calcium&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E V COWDRY, C CARRUTHERS, V SUNTZEFF
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1948)
2. Commentary on dendrimers: Why dendrimers?
Authors: Nicholas A. Peppas, Ruth Duncan, Gary E. Wnek, Allan S. Hoffman, Guang Hui Gao, Sung Wan Kim, Doo Sung Lee, Michael Hadjiargyrou, Elka Touitou, Denize Ainbinder, Russell Mumper, Alain Rolland, Takuro Niidome, Vinod Labhasetwar, Shi Liu, Guangyuan Zhou, Yubin Huang, Zhigang Xie, Xiabin Jing, Noemi Csaba
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Anticancer activity of the selective CYP17A1 inhibitor, VT-464, in preclinical models of castrate-resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: Paul Toren, Steven Pham, Soojin Kim, Hans Adomat, Amina Zoubeidi, William R Moore, Martin Edwin Gleave
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

104 Background: Castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) continues to be sensitive to anti-androgen therapy as evidenced by the recent successes of abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (ENZ). VT-464 is a novel, non-steroidal, small molecule CYP17A1 inhibitor with selectivity for the lyase activity of this dual enzyme. The objective of this study was to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of VT-464 compared to AA in CRPC in vitro models that are ENZ-responsive and ENZ-resistant and in an ENZ-resistant xenograft model. Methods: In vitro studies used the human CRPC, C4-2, and ENZ-resistant cell lines, MR49C and MR49F cells, in androgen-free media. AR transcriptional activity was assessed by probasin luciferase. AR-related and steroidogenesis pathways were assessed by western blot and/or qRT-PCR. A MR49F xenograft model in castrate mice compared oral VT-464 treatment to vehicle and AA. Steroid concentrations were measured using LC-MS chromatography. Results: VT-464 demonstrated a greater decrease in AR transactivation compared to AA in C4-2 and both ENZ-resistant cell lines. A greater decrease in AR-dependent gene transcription occurred with VT-464 treatment compared to AA in all cell lines. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protein levels in vitro were also lower with VT-464. Gene transcripts StAR, CYP17A1, HSD17B3 and SRD5A1 increased following treatment with VT-464 both in vitro and in vivo. A greater increase was seen with VT-464 treatment compared to AA. In vivo results demonstrated greater tumor growth inhibition and decreased serum PSA levels in mice treated with oral VT-464 compared to AA. Steroid analysis revealed lower testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) concentrations in C4-2 cells with VT-464 treatment compared to AA. In vivo, the intra-tumoral DHT and T levels were significantly lower in response to VT-464 or AA compared to vehicle, with the greatest decrease seen with VT-464. Conclusions: The selective CYP17 inhibitor VT-464 demonstrated anti-cancer activity in pre-clinical models of CRPC, lowering intratumoral T and DHT concentrations significantly in castrate mice. These results suggest greater androgen suppression and inhibition of AR axis signaling by VT-464 than by AA.
Large Annular Plaque on the Arm of a Patient With Recurrent Headaches
Authors: Felipe Partarrieu-Mejías, Fernanda Pérez-Velásquez, Rosario Alarcón-Cabrera
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

A woman in her 50s had a 12-cm-wide, soft, nontender plaque with a raised, nodular, and slightly desquamative erythematoviolaceous border and a clear, atrophic center with an increase in wrinkle depth on her upper right arm. What is your diagnosis?
Comparison of Age-Adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates in Denmark and the United States&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Johannes Clemmesen, M. D., Arne Nielsen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article Comparison of Age-Adjusted Cancer Incidence Rates in Denmark and the United States Get access Johannes Clemmesen, M. D., Johannes Clemmesen, M. D. Cancerregisteret,3Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arne Nielsen Arne Nielsen Lic. act. Cancerregisteret,3Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 6, December 1957, Pages 989–998, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.6.989 Published: 01 December 1957 Article history Received: 12 October 1956 Published: 01 December 1957
Unexplained Anemia In The Elderly Is Due To An Intrinsic Defect In Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Wendy W. Pang, John V. Pluvinage, Yasuo Mori, Elizabeth Price, Amittha Wickrema, Oyebimpe Adensina, Andrew Artz, Irving L. Weissman, Stanley L. Schrier
Journal: Blood (2013)
Electronic Cigarette Smoking Increases Aortic Stiffness and Blood Pressure in Young Smokers
Authors: Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Mahmoud Abdelrasoul, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Christos Georgakopoulos, Panagiota Pietri, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Urinary incontinence in children.
Authors: Hina Simonnet, Pauline Lallemant-Dudek
Journal: BMJ (1977)

URINARY INCONTINENCE IN CHILDREN. Urinary incontinence in children and adolescents is most often of functional origin. Questioning and clinical examination with a bladder diary should look for underlying urological or neurological causes. The type of incontinence, daytime or nocturnal, must be specified to adapt treatments. Renal and bladder ultrasound is recommended, and urodynamic studies are not routinely used. Lifestyle advice and bowel management are prerequisites for treatment. Depending on the type of symptoms, drug treatment, pelvic floor treatment, behavioral measures or stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve can be proposed. The evolution can sometimes be slow with a significant impact on quality of life, and neurocognitive aspects need to be considered.
AB0349 Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: U. Uygar, G. Yildirim-Cetin, N. Atilla, K. Gişi, M. Sayarlıoglu, M. Gokce
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Nowadays, Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is known to be associated with cardiovascular diseases. However,the subject of risk factor that rheumatoid arthritis for cerebrovascular diseases is controversial. In our study, We examined the effects of rheumatoid arthritis on the cerebral blood flow velocity with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD). <h3>Methods</h3> Patients without risk of atherosclerosis aged 20-40 admitted to the our internal medicine-rheumatology department and control group were included the study. Values of bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) peak-systolic,end-diastolic and mean blood flow velocity, Gosling pulsatility index values and Pourcelot resistance index value were recorded with TCD by a neurosonologist blinded to study groups. The obtained values were compared with each other <h3>Results</h3> There were 12 people in each group. There were 10 women and 2 men in rheumatoid arthritis group. Therefore,the control group was selected similar. The mean age was 37.8±4.3 in the control group and 38.6±5.4 in the RA group. TCD values; RA group compared with the control group in the peak-systolic and end-diastolic and mean blood flow velocity was significantly higher. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of atherosclerosis. In these patients, particularly IL-6, TNF-alpha and CRP as inflammatory markers are found in high levels. In addition,high blood pressure,high cholesterol and glucose levels such as comorbid conditions are causes of atherosclerosis in patients with RA. In our study, patients without Atherosclerotic risk factors included so number of patients was taken small. Significantly increased cerebral blood flow velocity can be caused by atherosclerosis mechanism in patients with RA. In conclusion; clinical inflammation is believed to be caused by increase of cerebral blood flow in RA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SP0008 Granulomatous Vasculitis with Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: N. Pipitone
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

A 64-year-old previously health gentleman was admitted with a 1.5 month history of severe headache, confusion, personality changes and progressive cognitive decline. Physical examination revealed ataxia. Laboratory test showed normal or negative ESR, autoimmune and infective profiles. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein concentration was 97 mg/dl, white cell count was 23/ul (90% lymphocytes); there were no atypical cells and infective tests were negative. Chest X-ray, echocardiogram, and duplex carotid ultrasonogram were unremarkable. Enhanced brain MRI showed diffuse bilateral leptomeningeal enhancement involving the cerebrum and the cerebellum, multiple infarcts, and patchy T2-weighted white matter signal abnormality. Cerebral angiography was normal. An open brain biopsy showed granulomatous leptomeningeal and intraparenchymal vasculitis as well as infarcts and vascular beta-A4 amyloid deposition consistent with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Stains of biopsy specimens were negative for fungi and mycobacteria. Amyloid-related primary central nervous system vasculitis (PCNSV) was diagnosed and the patient was treated with oral prednisone (40 mg/day tapering) and pulse cyclophosphamide for 14 months. His neurologic state progressively improved within the first 3 months. He became much less confused, his headache resolved and he was able to resume many of his previous activities. A repeat MRI showed complete resolution of leptomeningeal enhancement and no new infarcts. At the final follow up visit 12 months later, the patients was off treatment and had only a minimal residual disability. About a quarter of patients with biopsy-proven PCNSV have evidence of cerebral amyloid vascular deposition. These patients usually have cognitive dysfunction and/or seizures at presentation, high concentrations of CSF protein, and enhancing leptomeningeal lesions on MRI. Angiography is usually negative because the vasculitis is confined to small vessels below the power of resolution of conventional angiography. Cerebral biopsy is thus required for the diagnosis. Brain biopsy shows a granulomatous vasculitis with amyloid deposits. Response to immunosuppressive treatment is usually favorable with good outcome. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Reply
Authors: Raul Lazaro, Raymond Wu, Hidekazu Tsukamoto
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. The authors appreciate the comments submitted by Drs. Coombes and Syn. We certainly echo their notion that various experimental factors may result in differential effects of SPP1 deficiency. Indeed, we carefully discussed these possibilities in our article and concluded: "these results suggest SPP1 has a protective rather than causal role for experimental AH reproduced in our model." One obvious factor is global deficiency with inherent problems of: having complex effects from the deficiency of SPP1 which has diverse biologic functions in different tissues and cells; and potential compensatory regulation of other genes, particularly those involved in inflammation. As pointed out in the comments, the outcome might have also been influenced by the deficiency of both intracellular and soluble isoforms having differential functional properties. The major thrust of the article was reproduction of alcoholic neutrophilic hepatitis which closely mirrored histological and clinical features of alcoholic hepatitis in patients and allowed testing the effects of global SPP1 deficiency in this clinically relevant model. Our result contrasted with that of the previous publication1 reporting amelioration of liver injury in the same global knockout mice (similarly deficient in both intracellular and soluble isoforms) subjected to milder pathology. These conflicting results suggest that SPP1 expression, cellular localization, and functions may alter in different alcoholic liver disease (ALD) pathologic spectra. SPP1 is expressed by multiple cell types including macrophages, hepatic stellate cells, neutrophils, biliary epithelial cells, hepatocytes, and liver progenitor cells. Cell type‐specific and disease spectrum‐specific manipulations are obviously required to facilitate our understanding of SPP1 functions in each cell type and crosstalk among different cell types in the evolution of ALD.
Increased prevalence of influenza B/Victoria lineage viruses during early stages of the 2015 influenza season in New South Wales, Australia: implications for vaccination and planning
Authors: Z Jennings, I Carter, K McPhie, J Kok, D E Dwyer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

During the early weeks of the 2015 Australian influenza season, influenza B accounted for 67% (821/1,234) of all positive influenza tests in New South Wales. Of 81 successive influenza B viruses characterised, 33 (41%) were from children aged < 16 years; 23/81 (28%) belonged to the B/Victoria lineage. This lineage is not contained in the southern hemisphere's 2015 trivalent influenza vaccine. The significant B/Victoria lineage activity in the southern hemisphere suggests that the quadrivalent vaccine should be considered for the northern hemisphere.
Tuberculosis diagnostic delay and therapy outcomes of non-national migrants in Tel Aviv, 1998-2008
Authors: Z Mor, H Kolb, M Lidji, G B Migliori, A Leventhal
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Non-national migrants have limited access to medical therapy. This study compares diagnostic delay and treatment outcomes of non-insured non-national migrants (NINNM) with insured Israeli citizens (IC) in the Tel Aviv tuberculosis (TB) clinic between 1998 and 2008. Patient delay was the time from symptoms onset to doctor's visit, while system delay was measured from doctor visit to anti-TB therapy administration. We randomly sampled 222 NINNM and 265 IC. NINNM were younger than IC, had lower male to female ratio and fewer smoked. They had less drug/alcohol abuse, more cavitations on chest radiography, longer patient and shorter system delay. Mean patient and system delays of all patients were 25 ± 14 and 79 ± 42 days, respectively. In multivariate analysis, being NINNM, asymptomatic or smoking predicted longer patient delay, while being asymptomatic or having additional co-morbidity predicted longer system delay. Treatment success in sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB NINNM was 81% and 95.7% in IC (p=0.01). Treatment success was not associated with patient or system delay. In multivariate analysis, work security and treatment adherence predicted treatment success. NINNM had longer patient delay and worse therapy outcome, while IC had longer system delay. Both delays should be reduced. NINNM should be informed that TB therapy is free and unlinked with deportation.
Malignant Tumors of the Testis
Authors: G. R. Petersen, J. A. H. Lee, M. E. Weathersby
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Malignant Tumors of the Testis Get access G. R. Petersen, G. R. Petersen State of California Department of Health2151 Berkeley Way Berkeley, California 94704 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. A. H. Lee, J. A. H. Lee University of Washington, SC-36 Seattle, Washington 98195 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. E. Weathersby M. E. Weathersby University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester, Massachusetts 01605 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 2, February 1977, Page 173, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.2.173 Published: 01 February 1977
A new congenital platelet abnormality characterized by spontaneous platelet aggregation, enhanced von Willebrand factor platelet interaction, and the presence of all von Willebrand factor multimers in plasma
Authors: A Casonato, L De Marco, M Mazzucato, V De Angelis, D De Roia, F Fabris, ZM Ruggeri, A Girolami
Journal: Blood (1989)
α-Synuclein binds to TOM20 and inhibits mitochondrial protein import in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Roberto Di Maio, Paul J. Barrett, Eric K. Hoffman, Caitlyn W. Barrett, Alevtina Zharikov, Anupom Borah, Xiaoping Hu, Jennifer McCoy, Charleen T. Chu, Edward A. Burton, Teresa G. Hastings, J. Timothy Greenamyre
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

The Parkinson’s disease–associated protein α-synuclein binds to the mitochondrial protein import receptor TOM20, which causes downstream impairment of mitochondrial function.
Burn Injuries
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Burn Injuries Burns, most commonly caused by fire, can also result from chemicals, electricity, and other heat accidents, such as scalding hot water or steam.More than 300 000 persons die each year worldwide because of fire-related burn injuries.Many more are seriously injured, disabled, or disfigured because of all types of burns.Risk factors for burns include cooking with an open flame, open cooking facilities on the ground floor of a building or residence, wearing loose clothing while cooking, smoking, alcohol use, water heaters that are set too hot, poor electrical safety, and unsupervised children.Occupational injuries involving burns can also occur, especially at job sites with open flames, chemicals, or superheated materials.The October 28, 2009, issue of JAMA includes an article about access to care for severe burn injuries in the United States.
The psychological effects of being a prisoner of war: forty years after release
Authors: C C Tennant, K J Goulston, O F Dent
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Forty years after the end of World War II, the authors compared a random sample of former Japanese-held Australian prisoners of war (POWs) with a group of non-POW combatants of the same era. The POWs were significantly more depressed than were the control subjects, but the two groups did not differ in prevalence of anxiety symptoms or alcohol problems. Apart from a higher rate of postwar duodenal ulcer in the POWs, the two groups had similar degrees of medical morbidity.
Short REM latency in primary alcoholic patients with secondary depression
Authors: J C Gillin, T L Smith, M Irwin, D F Kripke, S Brown, M Schuckit
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Primary alcoholic patients with secondary depression had significantly shorter REM latency and less non-REM sleep than alcoholics without other psychiatric diagnoses and normal control subjects. Both patient groups had significantly longer sleep latency and less sleep efficiency, total sleep time, and delta sleep than control subjects.
Antigens of Chemically Induced Colon Tumors in Rats
Authors: François Martin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Antigens of Chemically Induced Colon Tumors in Rats Get access François Martin, Ph.D. François Martin, Ph.D. Laboratory of Immunology, Faculté de Medecine, 21000 Dijon, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 2, February 1976, Page 212, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.2.212 Published: 01 February 1976
A 5-gene signature based on TLR4 signaling as predictive of risk of distant relapse in breast cancer treated with taxane-anthracycline neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Authors: Joseph A. Pinto, Claudio J Flores, Priscila I. Valdiviezo, Alfredo Aguilar, Juan F. Suazo, Mayer Zaharia, Richard Dyer, Carlos Vigil, Carlos S. Vallejos, Henry Gomez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

11066 Background: TLR4 is typically activated by gram (-) bacterial lipopolysaccharide; however, recent reports describe that paclitaxel could trigger the TLR4 signaling pathway leading to chemotherapy resistance. Our purpose was to evaluate influence of genes involved in TLR4 signaling in the distant-recurrence free survival (DRFS) in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant taxane- anthracycline chemotherapy. Methods: We retrieved normalized gene expression data from a public database (GSE25066) with 508 samples of breast cancer patients profiled with the U133A microarray and treated with neoadjuvant Taxane-Anthracycline chemotherapy. Division of discovery and validation sets was according to Hatzis et al (2011). Housekeeper-normalized transcript counts were log2 transformed and data were row z -score standardized. The intensity of each gene expression was transformed to an ordinal coding level according to the ranking of the gene expression level in each gene and was coded as 1, 2, 3,or 4, respectively. The gene expression was ranked ≤ 25th, > 25th and ≤ 50th, > 50th and ≤ 75th, or > 75th percentile for each gene expressions. Results: The signature was developed on the training set and a multivariate stepwise Cox analysis selected 5 genes independently associated with DRFS: IRAK1 (HR=1.32, p=0.025), IRF3 (HR=0.66, p=0.001), NFKB1 (HR=0.58, p<0.001), NEMO (HR=1.50, p=0.002), TRIM5 (HR=1.40, p=0.007). These 5 genes were combined into a linear score weighted according to the coefficients of the Cox model, (Risk Score= 0.279 IRAK1 - 0.421 IRF3 - 0.548 NFKB1 + 0.404 NEMO + 0.336 TRIM5). The linear score was highly associated with DFS (HR=2.8, 95%CI=1.7-4.7, p<0.001). Patients were classified as having a high-risk gene signature or a low-risk gene signature, with the 50th percentile (median=0.0082) of the risk score as the threshold value. The score resulted highly associated with DRFS also in the validation set (p=0.001) Five-gene signature was an independent prognostic factor for DFRS in the validation group. Conclusions: The 5-gene signature based in TLR4 signaling has a good discriminating ability.