tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Incidence of Adenocarcinoma in Columnar-Lined (Barrett's) Esophagus
Authors: Alan John Cameron, Beverly Jean Ott, William Spencer Payne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We evaluated the risk of adenocarcinoma developing in Barrett's esophagus (esophagus lined with columnar epithelium). Mayo Clinic records were reviewed, and all cases that met predefined histologic criteria for the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus in 1979 or earlier were included. In 18 of 122 such cases, adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and Barrett's esophagus were diagnosed simultaneously. The status of the remaining 104 cases was determined after a mean interval of 8.5 years. During this time, adenocarcinoma of the esophagus developed in 2 patients, and 24 died from other causes. We conclude that although the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma is increased in patients with symptomatic Barrett's esophagus, it does not occur in the majority of such patients. (N Engl J Med 1985; 313: 857–9.)
THU0391 Is there a Relationship between Hip Structural Analysis and Bone Mineral Density at the Hip and Spine?
Authors: L. Farrow, A. Oldroyd, M. Bukhari
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Hip structural analysis (HSA) has been suggested as possible method of improving prediction of hip fracture risk above that provided by current bone mineral density (BMD) use alone. To our knowledge no previous work has been conducted to determine the relationship between bone mineral density and hip structural analysis parameters in an unselected cohort in the hip and the spine (L1-L4). Knowledge of their association may well influence the utility of using both methods in clinical practice and possibly enable HSA to be used to predict risk of future fracture. <h3>Objectives</h3> To decide if a link exists between BMD and hip structural analysis factors in the spine or hip. <h3>Methods</h3> The analysis used data collected from patients attending for DEXA scan the Royal Lancaster Infirmary between 2004 and 2010. Hip structural analysis comprised a number of different measurements: Distance from centre of femoral head to centre of femoral neck (d1) and to inter-trochanteric line (d2); Mean femoral neck diameter (d3), distance from centre of mass of femoral neck to superior neck margin (y), hip axis length (HAL), cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI - theoretical measurement of femoral neck strength), shaft angle (A) neck/shaft angle (Θ) and proximal femur strength index (SI). Linear regression models were fitted using all the above parameters against both L1-L4 and Hip BMD. Separate models for males and females were also carried out as well as adjustment for the number of indications to scan. <h3>Results</h3> 11155 patients’ data (85% female) were analysed in the study, with a mean age of 63.8 years (SD=12.4) and a mean BMI of 26.8 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (SD=5.26). Regression data for each comparison are shown in table 1. Values did not change significantly with individual analysis for males and females or when adjusted for number of indications for scan. <h3>Conclusions</h3> CSA and to a lesser degree CSMI are important independent predictors of BMD, with CSA explaining over 60% of the variation in BMD at the hip and 38% at the spine. Use of CSA as a predictor of BMD has to our knowledge not previously been identified. Other HSA parameters were statistically, but not importantly, related to BMD; they may however still provide useful information regarding fracture risk. Use of CSA as a predictor of future fracture is warranted. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
α-Hydroxybutyric Acid Is a Selective Metabolite Biomarker of Impaired Glucose Tolerance
Authors: Jeff Cobb, Andrea Eckhart, Alison Motsinger-Reif, Bernadette Carr, Leif Groop, Ele Ferrannini
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE Plasma metabolites that distinguish isolated impaired glucose tolerance (iIGT) from isolated impaired fasting glucose (iIFG) may be useful biomarkers to predict IGT, a high-risk state for the development of type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Targeted metabolomics with 23 metabolites previously associated with dysglycemia was performed with fasting plasma samples from subjects without diabetes at time 0 of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in two observational cohorts: RISC (Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and Cardiovascular Disease) and DMVhi (Diabetes Mellitus and Vascular Health Initiative). Odds ratios (ORs) for a one-SD change in the metabolite level were calculated using multiple logistic regression models controlling for age, sex, and BMI to test for associations with iIGT or iIFG versus normal. Selective biomarkers of iIGT were further validated in the Botnia study. RESULTS α-Hydroxybutyric acid (α-HB) was most strongly associated with iIGT in RISC (OR 2.54 [95% CI 1.86–3.48], P value 5E-9) and DMVhi (2.75 [1.81–4.19], 4E-5) while having no significant association with iIFG. In Botnia, α-HB was selectively associated with iIGT (2.03 [1.65–2.49], 3E-11) and had no significant association with iIFG. Linoleoyl-glycerophosphocholine (L-GPC) and oleic acid were also found to be selective biomarkers of iIGT. In multivariate IGT prediction models, addition of α-HB, L-GPC, and oleic acid to age, sex, BMI, and fasting glucose significantly improved area under the curve in all three cohorts. CONCLUSIONS α-HB, L-GPC, and oleic acid were shown to be selective biomarkers of iIGT, independent of age, sex, BMI, and fasting glucose, in 4,053 subjects without diabetes from three European cohorts. These biomarkers can be used in predictive models to identify subjects with IGT without performing an OGTT.
AB0253 Cross cultural adaptation and validation of the arabic version of the self-assessment questionnaire of sexual function: the female sexual function index (fsfi)
Authors: R. Lahlou, S. Rostom, A. Hari, N. bensaoud, L. bouazzaoui, R. Bahiri, N. hajjaj-hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Translate, adapt and validate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis a self-assessment questionnaire of female sexual function: (FFSI) The Female Sexual Function Index <h3>Methods</h3> It is a cross-sectional study including 31 patients with rheumatoid arthritis according to the 1987 ACR criteria in period of sexual activity. The FSFI is a self-administered questionnaire that assesses sexual function during the past 4 weeks, it is composed of six domains respectively assessing desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction and pain. The FSFI total score varies between 1.2 and 36, a score ≤ 26 defines sexual dysfunction. Translation and adaptation of the FSFI in classical Arabic was performed according to international recommendations for the translation of questionnaires (translation, back translation, committee of expert). The acceptability, reliability, internal and external construct validity of the arabic version were evaluated. External construct validity was assessed by analyzing the correlation between this instrument and the quality of life of patients assessed by the SF-36 (short form health survey), anxiety and depression assessed by the HAD (hospital anxiety and depression scale) <h3>Results</h3> The average age of our patients was 45 ± 9.10 with a median disease progression of 60 months (24-144). The mean DAS28 was 4.59 ± 1.81 and the median HAQ was 0. 75 (0.25 to 1.22). Reliability was excellent, the intraclass correlation coefficient of FSFI: ICC was 0.995 (95% CI :0.98-0 .99). Reproducibility measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.997. we did not find significant correlation between the FSFI total score and the different areas of SF36 (physical activity r = 0.23, p = 0.22) (limitation due to the physical state r = 0, 30, p = 0.22) (limitation due to mental health r = 0.30, p = 0.1) (vitality r = 0.27, p = 0.14) (mental health r=0.06, p = 0.14); (pain r = 0.25, p = 0.17), perceived health r = 0.31, p = 0.09) except for the field (relationship with other living r = 0.740, p &lt;0.001). In addition, we did not notice any correlation with areas of HAD (HAD anxiety r = -0.6, p = 0.75) (HAD depression r = -0.27, p = 0.27). In the other hand a good correlation was found between the FSFI score and overall sexual satisfaction of patients as measured by a visual analogue scale from 0 to 10 cm (Pearson r = 0.50, p = 0.01) <h3>Conclusions</h3> The psychometric properties of the FSFI are good. This tool translated into Arabic and may be useful in the evaluation of female sexual function of both Moroccan and Arab women. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Induction of Liver Tumors in the Syrian Golden Hamster by Feeding Dimethylnitrosamine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: L. Tomatis, P. N. Magee, P. Shubik
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

The chronic administration of dimethylnitrosamine in the drinking water to Syrian golden hamsters resulted in a high incidence of both liver-cell carcinomas and cholangiocarcinomas. Two hemangioendotheliomas of the liver and 1 adenoma of the kidney were also observed. No tracheal or lung tumors were recorded.
SAT0058 Biomarkers of Endothelial Dysfuncton in Rheumatoid Arthritis Compared with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Obesity and Healthy Controls
Authors: J. J. Soto, M. E. Viveros, S. Gutierrez, S. E. Hernandez, A. Rivera, M. H. Cardiel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is characterized by increased cardiovascular (CV) morbimortality due to higher prevalence of traditional CV risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, sedentarism, increased body mass index (BMI) that is often undertreated<sup>1</sup>. RA is considered a state of accelerated atherosclerosis, which has been recognized as a dynamic inflammatory process that begins with endothelial activation/dysfunction. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM2) is the prototype of disease with a high degree of endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis and CV risk. CV risk could be similar in RA and DM2. <sup>2,3</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the degree of endothelial dysfunction in RA patients compared to DM2 patients with and without glycemic control, obese patients and healthy subjects. <h3>Methods</h3> Descriptive, prolective, transversal, observational clinical study, with 5 groups: 1) AR, 2) UDM: Uncontrolled DM2, 3) CDM: Controlled DM2, 4) Obesity, 5) Control Group. All matched with group 1 for age (±2 years), gender, period of clinical diagnosis. Complete medical history, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness, blood cell count, erythrosedimentation rate, C-reactive Protein, fasting &amp; 2 hours postprandial glucose, fasting insulin, urea, creatinine, ureic nitrogen, uric acid, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c%), Triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), C-HDL, C-LDL, C-VLDL, urianalysis, micro-albuminuria. Endothelial dysfunction biomarkers (ELISA): TNF-α, IL-6, vWF, PAI-1. Descriptive statistical analyses:mean &amp; standard deviation. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to determine distribution type. Comparison between groups (parametric distribution): ANOVA; non-parametric distribution: Kruskal-Wallis. Spearman´s correlation coefficient to associate biomarkers with cardiovascular risk variables. <h3>Results</h3> 190 participants in five groups, main results showed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with RA share traditional factors of CV risk with diabetic patients (obesity, arterial hypertension, low levels of C-HDL), present non-traditional risk factors that are characteristic of their inflammatory status (SGS, CRP, TNF-α, IL-6) and also appear to present a prothrombotic status (PAI-1, vWF) that is greater than that of DM2 patients. This confers an increased risk of accelerated atherosclerosis upon the RA patients. It is therefore imperative that these patients are managed appropriately in a comprehensive manner. <h3>References</h3> Liao KP, Solomon DH. Rheumatology 2012; 2: 123-129. Van Halm VP et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 68: 1395-1400. Stamatelopoulos SK et al. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009: 5:1-7. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The research team is grateful to Bristol Myers Squibb for the provision of funding with which to conduct this study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1111: Enhancer of Zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) regulates BRCA1 transiently nuclear export during the cell cycle, and induces tetraploidy of breast cells through AKT1
Authors: Maria E. Gonzalez, Xin Li, Kathy Toy, Mattew Du Prie, Alejandra Ventura, Heather Kruger, Celina G. Kleer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract EZH2 is overexpressed in breast carcinomas with high propensity to metastasize. EZH2 is an oncogene essential to promote proliferation and capable to trigger neoplastic conversion in the breast. We have reported that EZH2 promotes proliferation of breast cancer through downregulation of BRCA1 protein, but the mechanism is unknown. BRCA1 shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleus to maintain genomic stability. AKT1 up regulation disrupts BRCA1 function by altering its nuclear localization and inducing genomic instability. We hypothesize that EZH2 regulates nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of BRCA1 in breast cells through AKT1. Methods: We developed two cell culture models: an inducible EZH2 up regulation system in MCF10A benign mammary cells and a lentivirus-mediated shRNA interference targeting EZH2 model in CAL51 breast cancer cells (tetraploid, hormone receptor negative, and with intact p53 and BRCA1 genes). Our recently developed EZH2 transgenic mouse model was analyzed to determine the in vivo relevance of our in vitro data obtained by Western blots, immunofluorescence, proliferation, and FACS. Results: EZH2 shRNA knock-down in CAL51 cells increased BRCA1 nuclear localization in early S phase, decreased cell growth by delaying cell cycle progression, and tetraploidy. EZH2 overexpression in MCF10A cells decreased BRCA1 nuclear localization, increased proliferation and caused mitotic spindle defects and tetraploidy. EZH2 overexpression increased total and phoshporylated AKT1 at serine 473. Specific pharmacologic inhibition of AKT reverted the effect of EZH2 on BRCA1 nuclear localization, proliferation, mitotic defects and tetraploidy. We also found that EZH2 directly interacts with AKT1 protein. Mammary glands of EZH2 transgenic mice show up-regulation of AKT1 and a decreased in nuclear BRCA1 protein compared to wild type mice. Conclusion: EZH2 regulates the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of BRCA1 protein and influences BRCA1 functions on proliferation, mitotic spindle control, and maintenance of genomic stability in benign breast cells and in breast cancer cells. The regulation of BRCA1 localization and function by EZH2 requires AKT. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1111.
RANOLAZINE AT THE END OF TRASTUZUMAB THERAPY PREVENTS LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION: IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: Nicola Maurea, Carmela Coppola, Giovanna Piscopo, Domenica Rea, Gennaro Riccio, Gerolama Condorelli, Claudio Arra, Claudia de Lorenzo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Feasibility and safety of EUS-guided cholecystoenterostomy with a modified covered self-expandable metal stent for patients with acute cholecystitis, who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy
Authors: Jang Ji Woong, Lee Sang Soo, Park Do Hyun, Seo Dong-Wan, Lee Sung-Koo, Kim Myung-Hwan
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Percutaneous cholecystostomy has been conducted as the choice of treatment for high risk patients with acute cholecystitis, who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy because of high operative mortality and morbidity. Percutaneous cholecystostomy, however, has several disadvantages such as patient discomfort and catheter dislodgement as well as complications including bleeding, bile leakage, and pneumoperitoneum. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cholecystoente-rostomy with a modified covered self-expandable metal stent (CSEMS) is being attempted as an alternative treatment for those patients.
AORTIC CALCIFICATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH EXERCISE BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE AND OUTCOMES IN ELDERLY INDIVIDUALS WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: In-Jeong Cho, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Chi Young Shim, Geu-Ru Hong, Jung-Hyun Choi, Namsik Chung
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 4823: Isoflavones from phytoestrogens and colorectal cancer risk: A nested case-control study within the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort.
Authors: Yohwan Yeo, Kwang-Pil Ko, Seung-Hyun Ma, Jae Jeong Yang, Aesun Shin, Sue K. Park, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Daehee Kang, Keun-Young Yoo
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background The association of soybean products related with colorectal cancer risk is inconsistent. This may be due to information bias from measuring food intake by questionnaires and different degrees of bias according to study design. To assess the association between soybean products and colorectal cancer, we directly measured phytoestrogen biomarkers in a nested case-control study in Korea. Methods Study population was composed of 101 cases and 398 matched controls matched for age within 5-year, sex, area and year at recruitment of cases within the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort. The concentrations of four biomarkers in the plasma were measured by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Median plasma concentrations of genistein, daidzein, glycitein and enterolactone were not statistically significant between cases and controls. However, there was a significant trend of decreasing risk according to an increase of genistein (p=0.03). This protective effect of genistein was more prominent in women. There was no association between other plasma concentrations of isoflavones or lignans and colorectal cancer. Conclusions High serum concentrations of isoflavones, i.e, genistein, were associated with a decreased trend of colorectal cancer, especially in women. Citation Format: Yohwan Yeo, Kwang-Pil Ko, Seung-Hyun Ma, Jae Jeong Yang, Aesun Shin, Sue K. Park, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Daehee Kang, Keun-Young Yoo. Isoflavones from phytoestrogens and colorectal cancer risk: A nested case-control study within the Korean Multicenter Cancer Cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4823. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4823
Health organisations urge World Bank to support universal healthcare coverage
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Health campaigners from around the world have written a letter to the World Bank’s president, Jim Yong Kim, urging him to support developing countries that want to introduce universal healthcare coverage.

Some 110 organisations signed an open letter saying that now is the moment for the bank “to play a truly progressive and transformative role in health, by supporting countries to achieve universal health coverage.”

The letter, whose signatories included Oxfam and Save the Children, urged national governments to remove all financial barriers to health services, especially user fees. It also called for “robust …
P3-09-03: Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake and Its Relationship to Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Serum, Red Blood Cells and Breast Tissue.
Authors: KE Harvey, S Li, SE Carlson, DK Sullivan, JR Klemp, BF Kimler, CJ Fabian
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Long chain omega-3 (n-3) poly unsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) have anti-inflammatory effects and are able to counteract the effects of the pro-inflammatory omega-6 (n-6) fatty acids such as arachidonic acid (AA) by substituting for the n-6 fatty acids in triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PL). Several pre-clinical, observational, and case control studies suggest that intake or tissue content of n-3 LCPUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), relative to intake or tissue content of long chain n-6 fatty acids such as AA may be associated with reduced risk of breast cancer. The goal of this study was to determine the relationships between dietary intake of fatty acids, tissue levels of fatty acids, and breast tissue biomarkers for risk of breast cancer. Methods: Women (n=74) were recruited from a clinic in which women at increased risk for breast cancer had breast tissue acquired by random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA). Breast epithelial cells were assessed for cytomorphology and proliferation (Ki-67 immunochemistry). Fatty acid dietary intake was assessed with the National Cancer Institute Diet History Questionnaire. Plasma, erythrocyte, and breast specimens were processed for membrane PL and TG and analyzed for individual fatty acids by gas liquid chromatography. Results: Total intake of n-3 PUFA was 1.1 ± 0.5 g/d, and the ratio of EPA+DHA:AA was 0.1:1.0 (n=66). Dietary n-3 LCPUFA correlated with n-3 LCPUFA in both plasma and erthyrocyte PL (n=62). Breast epithelial cell number, Masood cytomorphology score, and percent Ki-67 positive cells were higher in RPFNA specimens which exhibited cytologic atypia compared to those which did not (n=74; p&amp;lt;0.001, Mann-Whitney Test). Subjects with atypia consumed less dietary n-3 PUFA (n=66, p=0.020), had lower plasma and erythrocyte PL and plasma TG EPA, DHA, total n-3, and EPA+DHA:AA (n=70; p&amp;lt;0.05). In breast tissue TG, the ratio of n-3:n-6 was also lower in subjects with atypia (n=40; p=0.025). Conclusions: Overall, women in this high risk cohort consumed very low amounts of n-3 LCPUFAs. Dietary intake of n-3 LCPUFA was related to levels of n-3 LCPUFA in erythrocyte and plasma PL. Given the association of low levels of n-3 fatty acids with cytologic atypia (a known risk factor for breast cancer development), an intervention to increase n-3 fatty acids and n-3:n-6 ratios has merit and clinical trials in high risk women have been initiated. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-09-03.