tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study of Walking as Compared with Vigorous Exercise in the Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women
Authors: JoAnn E. Manson, Frank B. Hu, Janet W. Rich-Edwards, Graham A. Colditz, Meir J. Stampfer, Walter C. Willett, Frank E. Speizer, Charles H. Hennekens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The role of walking, as compared with vigorous exercise, in the prevention of coronary heart disease remains controversial, and data for women on this topic are sparse.We prospectively examined the associations between the score for total physical activity, walking, and vigorous exercise and the incidence of coronary events among 72,488 female nurses who were 40 to 65 years old in 1986. Participants were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease or cancer at the time of entry and completed serial detailed questionnaires about physical activity. During eight years of follow-up, we documented 645 incident coronary events (nonfatal myocardial infarction or death from coronary disease).There was a strong, graded inverse association between physical activity and the risk of coronary events. As compared with women in the lowest quintile group for energy expenditure (expressed as the metabolic-equivalent [MET] score), women in increasing quintile groups had age-adjusted relative risks of 0.77, 0.65, 0.54, and 0.46 for coronary events (P for trend <0.001). In multivariate analyses, the inverse gradient remained strong (relative risks, 0.88, 0.81, 0.74, and 0.66 for women in increasing quintile groups as compared with those in the lowest quintile group; P for trend=0.002). Walking was inversely associated with the risk of coronary events; women in the highest quintile group for walking, who walked the equivalent of three or more hours per week at a brisk pace, had a multivariate relative risk of 0.65 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.47 to 0.91) as compared with women who walked infrequently. Regular vigorous exercise (> or =6 MET) was associated with similar risk reductions (30 to 40 percent). Sedentary women who became active in middle adulthood or later had a lower risk of coronary events than their counterparts who remained sedentary.These prospective data indicate that brisk walking and vigorous exercise are associated with substantial and similar reductions in the incidence of coronary events among women.
Usefulness of Dual SPECT With Tc-99m Pyrophosphate and Tl-201 To Predict Further Events After Acute Myocardial Infarction With Single-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: H Isoda, Y Itagaki, N Nomura, T Urushida, A Naitou, A Watanabe, S Takayama, R Nasu, K Uokawa, Y Tanaka
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

This study was undertaken to determine whether the findings of dual SPECT with Tc-99m pyrophosphate (PYP) and Tl-201 were predictive of further cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction.The authors evaluated 88 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent dual SPECT for single-vessel coronary artery disease.Twenty-nine patients showed overlapping of Tc-99m PYP and Tl-201 in the same location (overlap-positive group), and 59 patients had no overlap (overlap-negative group). In patients in the overlap-positive group, the incidence of subsequent events was significantly higher than in patients in the overlap-negative group (P < 0.001). In the overlap-positive group, the number of overlap segments in patients with further events was significantly greater than that in patients without further events (P < 0.005).Areas with overlapping of Tc-99m PYP and Tl-201 may contain jeopardized myocardium. These results suggest that patients who have a Tc-99m PYP and Tl-201 overlap-negative scan are a low risk group, whereas patients who have more overlapping segments may require catheterization and revascularization. Thus simultaneous SPECT imaging with Tc-99m PYP and Tl-201 might be useful to identify patients with greater ischemic risk after acute myocardial infarction.
Benefit of high-dose daunorubicin in AML induction extends across cytogenetic and molecular groups
Authors: Marlise R. Luskin, Ju-Whei Lee, Hugo F. Fernandez, Omar Abdel-Wahab, John M. Bennett, Rhett P. Ketterling, Hillard M. Lazarus, Ross L. Levine, Mark R. Litzow, Elisabeth M. Paietta, Jay P. Patel, Janis Racevskis, Jacob M. Rowe, Martin S. Tallman, Zhuoxin Sun, Selina M. Luger
Journal: Blood (2016)
Endocardial Fibroelastosis Associated with Hypoplasia of the Right Coronary Artery in an Adult
Authors: Perry Berg, William B. Ober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

ALTHOUGH endocardial fibroelastosis is well recognized as an infrequent but distinctive type of congenital heart disease in infants, a similar lesion is rare in adults. When it is found in an adolescent or young adult the suspicion arises that the patient is a late survivor of the infantile form of the disease. However, when the lesion is found in someone who was in good health for the first five decades of life, it is likely that the disease, or some of its causative factors, was acquired. In the present case, which involved a sexagenarian, there was also hypoplasia of . . .
AB0088 Granulocytes from patients with morbus behÇet produce interleukin-17
Authors: M. Claudia, J. Gamper-Tsigaras, I. Kötter, J. Schwenger, F. Riewerts, I. Steiert, A. Kuranov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> M. Behçet as systemic vasculitis with a genetic susceptibility in association to HLA-B*51 has been claimed to show hyper-reactivity of granulocytes as one important factor in the pathogenesis of the disease. IL-17A primarily found in a T-helper cell subset has been also reported to be expressed in γδ-T-Cells, NK cells and certain myeloid cells. It is implicated as key pro-inflammatory cytokine in different autoimmune diseases. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this study, IL-17 expression was investigated in peripheral granulocytes from 15 patients with M. Behçet in comparison to 15 normal controls to investigate influence on hyperreactivity. <h3>Methods</h3> Granulocytes were isolated by densitiy gradient centrifugation (Polymorphprep) from citrated blood samples. In addition isolated granulocytes of 9 patients and 7 controls were stimulated with a formyl-peptide (fMLP) for one hour. Expression of IL-17 was investigated by flow cytometry and Western Blotting of cell lysates with a specific monoclonal anti-IL-17 antibody. Enriched granulocytes were tested for purity by the expression of CD66b. <h3>Results</h3> Patients tended to have higher levels of CD66b+ granulocytes than controls. In both patients and controls IL-17 expression was found by FACS analysis in CD66b<sup>+</sup> CD14<sup>-</sup> granulocytes irrespective of additional presence of CD11b. These results were confirmed by Western Blotting of lysates of the enriched granulocytes in comparison to the lymphocyte fraction with the specific IL-17 antibody. Stimulation of granulocytes with the bacterial fMLP peptide slightly increased IL-17 expression in controls, but strongly reduced it in the patient <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with M. Behçet, but also healthy controls express IL-17 in CD66b<sup>+</sup> granulocytes which may contribute to pro-inflammatory activities when they migrate into tissues. Negative regulation of IL-17 in response to bacterial formyl-peptides, however, could point to specific defects in granulocytes in immune responses. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Serotonin Synthesis in Carcinoid Patients
Authors: Albert Sjoerdsma, John A. Oates, Perola Zaltzman, Sidney Udenfriend
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

RECENT investigations in our laboratories have shown that α-methyl-3,4-dihydroxy-DL-phenylalanine (α-methyl-dopa) is an effective inhibitor of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation in man.1 Among other things it was found that the increased urinary excretion of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) that occurs after infusion of 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in noncarcinoid subjects was reduced greatly during treatment with α-methyl-dopa. Since excessive production of serotonin is thought to account for many of the symptoms in the carcinoid syndrome, attempts to inhibit the decarboxylation of 5-HTP in carcinoid patients constitute a logical approach to therapy. Therefore, studies with α-methyl-dopa utilizing a sensitive and specific method for measuring 5-HTP in . . .
LGR4 is a receptor for RANKL and negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption
Authors: Jian Luo, Zhengfeng Yang, Yu Ma, Zhiying Yue, Hongyu Lin, Guojun Qu, Jinping Huang, Wentao Dai, Chenghai Li, Chunbing Zheng, Leqin Xu, Huaqing Chen, Jiqiu Wang, Dali Li, Stefan Siwko, Josef M Penninger, Guang Ning, Jianru Xiao, Mingyao Liu
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
OUTCOMES OF SEVERE FUNCTIONAL MITRAL REGURGITATION WITH NORMAL LEFT VENTRICULAR SYSTOLIC FUNCTION: AN UNDER-RECOGNIZED ENTITY
Authors: Amr F. Barakat, Amgad Mentias, Mohammad Qasim Raza, Amar Krishnaswamy, L. Leonardo Rodriguez, Richard Grimm, Brian Griffin, E. Murat Tuzcu, Samir Kapadia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Results of Oncotype DX in early-stage invasive lobular carcinoma.
Authors: J. L. Deneve, J. E. Joh, G. Acs, H. H. Soliman, N. Khakpour, C. Laronga, M. C. Lee, J. Kiluk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

59 Background: The Oncotype DX (ODX) genomic assay has been used since 2004 to estimate prognosis and guide adjuvant treatment in patients with estrogen receptor-positive, node-negative invasive breast tumors. However, the impact of ODX assay testing in patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) has not been specifically reported. We describe our experience in patients with ILC who underwent ODX assay testing and how this affected adjuvant treatment. Methods: An IRB approved retrospective review was performed on all patients undergoing treatment for early stage, node-negative ILC from 2006-2011. All cases were reviewed by a single pathologist (GA) for verification of histology and subtype. The impact of ODX assay testing on treatment management was evaluated. Results: Thirty-nine patients underwent ODX genomic assay testing of early stage, node-negative ILC with a median age of 62 years. ILC tumor classification included classic (67%), pleomorphic (23%) and mixed (10%) subtypes with a median tumor size of 2.0 cm (0.6-6.0). Ninety-seven percent of tumors were estrogen receptor-positive, 74% progesterone receptor-positive. Median ODX recurrence score was 15 (0-34) with an ODX 10-yr risk of 10% (3-23). ODX risk classification was: Low (N=26), Intermediate (N=12), and High (N=1). There was no difference in ODX recurrence score or risk classification between ILC subtypes (p=0.52 and p=0.35, respectively). Adjuvant chemotherapy was used in 26% (TC N=8, AC N=1, FEC 100 N=1). Tumor size or ILC tumor subtype were not significant for adjuvant chemotherapy use while tumor grade (p=0.046), ODX recurrence score (22.8 vs 13.6, p&lt;0.0001), ODX risk classification (p=0.009) and ODX 10 year risk (15.9 vs 9.0, p&lt;0.0001) were significant. With a median follow up of 16.5 months, there were no recurrences or tumor-related deaths. Conclusions: ODX testing on early stage node-negative ILC may serve as a useful adjunct when counseling patients on the decision for adjuvant therapy. The long-term impact on recurrence or survival in patients with ILC who receive adjuvant chemotherapy based on ODX recurrence score remains undetermined and warrants further testing.
S-100 Protein&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Dendritic Cells and CD34&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; Dendritic Interstitial Cells in Thyroid Lesions
Authors: Anna Batistatou, Vassiliki Zolota, Chrisoula D Scopa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2002)
P3-16-16: Overcoming EGFR Resistance Using Dasatinib in Combination with Cetuximab and Cisplatin in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Lines.
Authors: EMH Kim, E Gartner, L Choi, J Boerner
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Patients presenting with triple negative breast cancers (TNBC's) have a poorer prognosis compared to those with other subtypes of breast cancer, and effective therapeutic targets have yet to be identified. The majority of TNBC's overexpress EGFR, however studies have demonstrated that EGFR inhibition as a monotherapy is ineffective. Interestingly, adding the EGFR inhibitor, cetuximab to cisplatin chemotherapy doubled both the response rate and time to progression compared with patients only on cisplatin. c-Src tyrosine kinase plays a critical role in signal transduction downstream of growth factor receptors, and has been found to contribute to the resistance of TNBC cell lines through the phosphorylation of EGFR. We hypothesize that dasatinib, a c-Src inhibitor, may help overcome EGFR resistance and in combination therapy enhance the cytotoxic activity. Material and Methods: A panel of breast cancer cell lines, including 7 triple negative cell lines, were tested using increasing doses of dasatinib (1 nM to 10 μM), cetuximab (1 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml), and cisplatin (10 nM to 10 μM) alone and in combination. Growth inhibition was determined after 3 days of treatment using the MTT colorimetric assay, and apoptosis was assessed through Caspase-3 activation and TUNEL assays. Results: All cell lines were generally resistant to cetuximab, with 100 μg/ml required to decrease cell viability. Two TNBC lines, SUM149 and SUM229, showed an additional decrease in cell viability with dasatinib added to cetuximab, while SUM102 and BT20 cells showed an additional decrease in viability using the dasatinib and cisplatin combination, compared to single agents. In 4 out of 7 TNBC lines, the combination of dasatinib, cisplatin, and cetuximab showed a significant decrease in cell viability compared to the combination without dasatinib (p-value &amp;lt; 0.02). The decrease in proliferation using the combination of dasatinib, cisplatin, and cetuximab was due to an increase in apoptosis. In contrast, this combination did not increase the loss of cell viability or apoptosis in ER/PR+ and HER2+ breast cancer cell lines. Discussion: Targeting c-Src family kinases with dasatinib may help overcome the resistance to EGFR inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer. This may have significant clinical implications in treating TNBC patients, and hence further investigation into the mechanism of this effect is warranted. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-16-16.
Confused thinking about discrepancies in predicted fracture risk in older people
Authors: E. McCloskey, J. Compston, J. Kanis
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Bolland and colleagues argue that estimates of fracture in older people should use a short time horizon of three to five years yet ignore competing mortality because it precludes effective treatment of these patients.1

They assume that adjustment for mortality risk in FRAX is based only on average mortality rates for the population, but the tool accommodates the fact that many risk …
How can the cerebellum match “error signal” and “error correction”?
Authors: Michel Dufossé
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

This study examines how a Purkinje cell receives its appropriate olivary error signal during the learning of compound movements. We suggest that the Purkinje cell only reinforces those target pyramidal cells which already participate in the movement, subsequently reducing any repeated error signal, such as its own climbing fiber input, [simpson et al.; smith]
Hand hygiene in the endoscopy unit: a surgical perspective
Authors: Jarek Kobiela
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

I was impressed by the recently published article by Santos et al. from Brazil [1] covering adherence to the very underestimated issue of hand hygiene among endoscopy unit healthcare workers. Hand hygiene has been an obsession of surgeons since Semmelweis’s observations in the 19th century. Every interaction, from a surgical procedure to contact with a patient’s environment, starts and finishes with a hand hygiene protocol; or at least it should.
Analysis of variables associated with surgery versus observation in patients with pancreatic cystic lesions referred for endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: A. Sahai, T. Chua, S. Paquin, G. Gariepy
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) for cyst fluid analysis (CFA) is often requested for pancreatic cystic lesions, to determine whether to operate or to observe. If this decision is not influenced by the EUS findings, the procedure may be unjustifiable. We aimed to determine whether EUS-CFA results predict surgery or observation in patients with pancreatic cysts referred for EUS.Consecutive patients referred to a quaternary pancreaticobiliary center for EUS evaluation of pancreatic cysts were eligible. Clinical data, computed tomography (CT) results, EUS findings, and CFA results were reviewed retrospectively. Statistical analysis was performed to determine variables associated with surgery versus observation.Over 33 months, data on 194 consecutive patients referred for EUS for evaluation of pancreatic cysts were analyzed. Of these, 136 (70 %) patients had EUS-FNA. After the initial workup (including EUS with/without CFA), 35 (18 %) underwent surgery. Predictors of surgery were: younger age (< 65 years) (P = 0.0027), malignant appearance at EUS (P = 0.02), and history of EUS-FNA (P = 0.012). Cyst fluid appearance, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19–9 (CA 19–9), and amylase levels were not significant determinants of surgery. In 14/50 (28 %) of cases where EUS-CFA clearly suggested benign serous lesions, surgery was still performed and in 9/11 (82 %) of cases with malignant EUS-CFA findings, surgery was not done.In patients with pancreatic cysts referred for EUS, age and EUS appearance independently predict surgery. The “perceived need for EUS-CFA” also predicts surgery, but not the EUS-CFA results. The clinical value of EUS-CFA requires further study.
CURVA DE APRENDIZAJE DE LA TERAPEUTICA DE VIA BILIAR Y PANCREATICA GUIADA POR ECOENDOSCOPIA (COLANGIOPANCREATOGRAFIA ENDOSONOGRAFICA)
Authors: E Vázquez Sequeiros, JA González Martín, JR Foruny Olcina, F González-Panizo, D Boixeda De Miquel, LD Juzgado, A Albillos
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: En los últimos años se han publicado series de pacientes con patología biliar/pancreática (tumores/litiasis/pancreatitis), en los que la USE sirve de puerta de acceso para realizar terapéutica en casos seleccionados en los que la CPRE ha sido fallida (colangiopancreatografía-endosonográfica o „CPES“). Objetivo: Analizar la curva de aprendizaje de un endoscopista en CPES en términos de eficacia terapéutica y seguridad. Material-Método: Análisis retrospectivo de base de datos prospectiva de 2 Centros. Periodo de inclusión: 01/05 – 03/13. Criterios de Inclusión: 1.) Paciente con patología pancreática/biliar tributaria de tratamiento endoscópico con CPRE fallida. Examen: Se realizaba USE-PAAF de vía biliar/pancreática, se inyectaba contraste, se introducía y progresaba guía-0.035“ hasta el lugar deseado (duodeno/conducto pancreático/colédoco): a.) si se tenía que colocar una prótesis, se dilataba el tracto y se insertaba; b.) si se realizaba Rendez-Voux se avanzaba la guía hasta duodeno y se completaba el examen con el duodenoscopio (CPRE). Análisis: Descriptivo de éxito técnico („completar todos los pasos requeridos para tratamiento-CPES“), éxito clínico („respuesta clínica tras CPES“) y complicaciones, en los 30 primeros pacientes sometidos a CPES (3 grupos de 10 pacientes consecutivos en el tiempo). Resultados: Se han tratado 30 pacientes (70% vía biliar/30% Wirsung), observando globalmente un éxito técnico, clínico y complicaciones del 73%, 67% y 33%, respectivamente. Las complicaciones más frecuentes fueron colangitis, pancreatitis y coleperitoneo. El único caso de éxitus (1/30 = 3.3%), fue 2 ° a coleperitoneo y ocurrió en el Grupo1.
Abstract 2757: NT5C2 single nucleotide polymorphisms affects survival and response in <i>de novo</i> AML patients with normal karyotype
Authors: Anna Fyrberg, Kourosh Lofti, Esbjorn Paul, Christer Paul, Hareth Nahi, Henrik Gréen
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The nucleoside analog cytosine arabinoside (Cytosar®, AraC) is one of the corner stones in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Activated AraC is metabolized to inactive compounds by several intracellular enzymes. The levels of some of these enzymes have been correlated to effect of AraC and clinical outcome in patients with AML. This study was designed to evaluate if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes coding for enzymes involved in the inactivation of AraC affects the therapeutic response in AML-patients treated with AraC in combination with anthracyclines. Three SNPs were investigated in 96 de novo AML patients with normal karyotype and correlated to response and overall survival. Two SNPs were located in the cytidine deaminase gene (CDA, A79C, rs2072671 and C-451T, rs532545), deaminating and inactivating AraC to its corresponding uridine derivative, AraU. The third SNP (A7G, rs10883841) was in the NT5C2 gene coding for the cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase II (cN-II), responsible for dephosphorylation and hence inactivation of AraC monophosphate. All SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and the allele frequencies were 34.4, 34.4 and 18.8% for CDA A79C and C-451T, and NT5C2 A7G, respectively. Patients that were wild type (A/A) for NT5C2 A7G were found to have a borderline significant higher response rate (51 complete responders of 60 patients with A/A vs 20 complete responders of 30 with A/G or G/G, p=0.06) and longer survival (median survival 1.66 years compared to 0.87 years, log-rank p=0.08) compared to the rest of the patients. The two CDA SNPs (A79C, C-451T) were found to be in linkage disequilibrium. Although statistically not significant, patients that were found to be homozygous for the alternate genetic variant of the CDA SNP had a shorter survival compared to patients carrying the wild type or heterozygous genetic variants. In conclusion, our findings suggest that certain NT5C2 (cN-II) genotypes might affect the survival after chemotherapy and may provide useful information for treatment strategies, classification and individualized chemotherapy, and eventually used as prognostic marker. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2757.