tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Screening for colorectal cancer and the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms at the INSR, TELRNA, and LRRC31 genes.
Authors: Garry Mahon, Alain Menzel, Marc Pauly, Brigitte Metzger, Mario-A Dicato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e14594 Background: Colonoscopy is the mainstay of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) but is relatively expensive and intrusive. We have previously reported a relationship between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the TGFBR1 locus and CRC (ASCO 2013, abstract e14591). Here we extend the analysis to a total of 34 germline SNPs. Further associations would be expected to improve SNP typing as part of a screening protocol. Methods: Blood samples were taken from 188 CRC patients and 98 healthy controls from a North European (Caucasian) population. After gDNA extraction, selected sequences were amplified by PCR followed by melting curve analysis. The association between allele frequency for the various SNPs and CRC status was evaluated by logistic regression. Applying a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, the critical value for P becomes 0.05 divided by 34, i.e. 0.00147. Results: The association with colorectal cancer was statistically significant for five variants:- TGFBR1 A>G rs3347348, P<0.00005; GSTT, P<0.00005; INSR rs2459488, P<0.00005; telRNA rs12696304, P=0.0002, and LRRC1 rs16847897, P=0.0008. The association for INSR, telRNA and LRRC1 are shown here for the first time; those for TGFBR1 and GSTT confirm our results previously reported. For the other 29 SNPs results were not clearly significant. Conclusions: SNP type is a potential genetic marker for CRC susceptibility. We suggest that subjects be offered a test for variants in the TGFBR1, GSTT, INSR, telRNA and LRRC1 genes. In case of a positive result, subjects should be informed that they are at risk of CRC and strongly encouraged to have a colonoscopy, perhaps even before 50 years of age. For this suggestion to become a definite recommendation, a cost effectiveness analysis of SNP typing (although such typing is inexpensive) and a prospective study of colonoscopy and SNP typing, should be carried out.
Pertussis surveillance in French hospitals: results from a 10 year period
Authors: I Bonmarin, D Lévy-Bruhl, S Baron, N Guiso, E Njamkepo, V Caro, Collective Renacoq
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

We present 10 years of results from a paediatrician hospital network surveillance in France, set up in 1996 to monitor the trend of pertussis (whooping cough) in children and the impact of the vaccination strategies. Microbiologists from 43 hospitals that participate in the network on a voluntary basis notify pertussis diagnosis, and paediatricians complete a questionnaire for the infants under 6 months that fulfil the microbiological, clinical or epidemiological case definition. The network covers about 30% of pertussis cases seen in French hospitals.
The Positive and Negative about Positive Airway Pressure Therapy
Authors: Sairam Parthasarathy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

answered in this single-center retrospective and speak to the study limitations.As previously mentioned, Tikkanen's group has a different protocol on the basis of pretransplant sensitization risk groups (8).Each group, on the basis of sensitization, receives different immunosuppression.They did account for these differences in their multivariate analysis; nonetheless, it still makes generalizability to other centers less applicable.Another limitation that Tikkanen and colleagues reveal is that during the study term there was no accepted definition of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) in lung transplantation (8).Thus, there were only few cases of definitive AMR and no ability to associate dnDSA, AMR, and CLAD.Last, the follow-up time was relatively short (median of 764 d).Thus, there was no ability to gauge the rate of decline of lung function and allograft survival.Tikkanen and colleagues have furthered our knowledge of HLA antibodies and their link to CLAD (8).Their data may alter the way some allocate their organs, particularly paying attention to DQ mismatching.However, further studies are needed to validate the results of Tikkanen and colleagues (8) and focus on how therapy alters dnDSA and if such manipulations alter the trajectory of CLAD.Future research should be directed toward prospective randomized trials that incorporate HLA testing, standardized surveillance of the allograft, and treatment protocols for CLAD.
Single inhaler triple therapy versus inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β2-agonist therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (TRILOGY): a double-blind, parallel group, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Dave Singh, Alberto Papi, Massimo Corradi, Ilona Pavlišová, Isabella Montagna, Catherine Francisco, Géraldine Cohuet, Stefano Vezzoli, Mario Scuri, Jørgen Vestbo
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Is a Neurologist Needed to Diagnose Acute Stroke in the Emergency Department?
Authors: Jagannadha Avasarala
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Introducing a preterm care bundle: magnesium sulphate can be the fifth component
Authors: Junaid Rafi
Journal: BMJ (2016)

I congratulate Zeitlin and colleagues on publishing this paper,1 as the EPICE study means that we now have comprehensive data on individual countries from Europe in one place, and the evidence and information are like a DNA blueprint for neonatologists dealing with preterm births. Do the authors agree that the …
PROSELICA study update: Comparison of two doses of cabazitaxel (Cbz) plus prednisone (P) in patients (pts) with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) previously treated with a docetaxel (D)-containing regimen.
Authors: Mario A. Eisenberger, Anne-Claire Hardy-Bessard, Daniel Ford, Loic Mourey, Phillip Parente, Paul N. Mainwaring, Siobhan Ng, Boris Alekseev, Vsevolod Matveev, Joan Carles, Jeremy Shapiro, Igor Latorzeff, Istvan Bodrogi, Choung-Soo Kim, Albert Font, Roanne Segal, Hendrik Pieter Van Den Berg, Wenping (Wendy) Zhang, Mustapha Chadjaa, Johann Sebastian De Bono
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

TPS5099 Background: Cbz 25 mg/m 2 IV Q3W + P 10 mg PO QD has an established safety profile and significantly improves overall survival (OS) vs mitoxantrone + P in pts with mCRPC previously treated with a D-containing regimen (phase III TROPIC study; NCT00417079; median OS: 15.1 vs 12.7 mos; HR: 0.70; P &lt; 0.0001). Pooled data on file suggest that lower Grade 3–4 neutropenia rates are observed with Cbz &lt; 25 vs ≥ 25 mg/m 2 (61% vs 74%). In an attempt to further improve the therapeutic index of Cbz in the second-line treatment of mCRPC, PROSELICA (NCT01308580) was designed to assess whether Cbz 20 mg/m 2 is associated with lower hematologic toxicity and has non-inferior efficacy compared with the standard 25 mg/m 2 dose. Methods: PROSELICA is a randomized, open-label, multinational, phase III study comparing the efficacy and tolerability of IV Cbz 20 with 25 mg/m 2 , Q3W. Pts with a life expectancy &gt; 6 mos, ECOG PS ≤ 2, confirmed mCRPC and prior therapy with a D-containing regimen are eligible. Pts are randomized 1:1 to Cbz dosing arms; all pts receive P 10 mg PO QD and are treated until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or consent withdrawal (max. 10 cycles). Pts are stratified by ECOG PS, measurable disease and region of the world. The primary endpoint is OS (non-inferiority). Secondary endpoints include safety, progression-free survival (PCWG2 criteria), PSA and pain progression and response, tumor response and health-related quality of life. Cbz PK and pharmacogenomics will be assessed in subgroups. Planned enrollment is 1200 pts. The study started in May 2011; by 31 Dec 2012, 851 pts had been enrolled. 158 sites are enrolling pts. Based on a review of safety and efficacy endpoints, the last Data Monitoring Committee meeting (Dec 2012) recommended continuing the study without change. Clinical trial information: NCT01308580. [Table: see text]
An independently validated nomogram for individualized estimation of survival among patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma: NRG oncology/RTOG 0525 and 0825.
Authors: Haley R Gittleman, Daniel Lim, Michael W. Kattan, Arnab Chakravarti, Mark R. Gilbert, Andrew B. Lassman, Simon S. Lo, Mitchell Machtay, Andrew E. Sloan, Erik P. Sulman, Devin Tian, Michael A. Vogelbaum, Tony J. C. Wang, Marta Penas-Prado, Emad Youssef, Deborah T. Blumenthal, Peixin Zhang, Minesh P. Mehta, Jill Barnholtz-Sloan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

2007 Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Nomograms are often used for individualized estimation of prognosis. This approach has been applied to GBM only once before. This study aimed to build and independently validate a nomogram to estimate individualized survival probabilities for patients with newly diagnosed GBM, using data from two independent NRG Oncology/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) clinical trials. Methods: This analysis included information on 799 (0525) and 555 (0825) eligible and randomized patients with newly diagnosed GBM and contained the following variables: age at diagnosis, race, gender, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), extent of resection, O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) methylation status, and survival (months). Survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards (CPH) regression, random survival forests (RSF), and recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), with adjustment for known prognostic factors. The models were developed and trained using the 0525 data and were independently validated using the 0825 data. Models were internally validated using 10-fold cross-validation, and individually predicted 6-, 12-, and 24-month survival probabilities were generated to measure the predictive accuracy and calibration against the actual survival status. Results: A final nomogram was built using the CPH model. Factors that increased the probability of shorter survival included greater age at diagnosis, male gender, lower KPS, not having total resection, and unmethylated MGMT status, all of which are consistent with observations in clinical practice. Conclusions: A nomogram that assesses individualized survival probabilities (6-, 12-, and 24-month) for patients with newly diagnosed GBM could be useful to healthcare providers for counseling patients regarding treatment decisions and optimizing therapeutic approaches. Free software for implementing this nomogram is provided via an internet interface: http://cancer4.case.edu/rCalculator/rCalculator.html.
Limited Infant Protection From Maternal Influenza Immunization
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CD166 Identifies Multiple Myeloma Cells That Preferentially Home to the Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Promote Disease Progression and Bone Lytic Disease
Authors: Linlin Xu, Christophe Machal, Hao Wu, Colin D Crean, Bradley Poteat, Angelo A. Cardoso, Helmut Hanenberg, Khalid Mohammad, Attaya Suvannasankha, Edward F Srour
Journal: Blood (2014)
Hepatitis C virus transmission among human immunodeficiency virus‐infected men who have sex with men: Modeling the effect of behavioral and treatment interventions
Authors: Luisa Salazar‐Vizcaya, Roger D. Kouyos, Cindy Zahnd, Gilles Wandeler, Manuel Battegay, Katharine Elizabeth Anna Darling, Enos Bernasconi, Alexandra Calmy, Pietro Vernazza, Hansjakob Furrer, Matthias Egger, Olivia Keiser, Andri Rauch
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

The incidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men has increased in recent years and is associated with high-risk sexual behavior. Behavioral interventions that target high-risk behavior associated with HCV transmission and treatment with direct-acting antivirals may prevent further HCV infections. We predicted the effect of behavioral and treatment interventions on HCV incidence and prevalence among HIV-infected men who have sex with men up to 2030 using a HCV transmission model parameterized with data from the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. We assessed behavioral interventions associated with further increase, stabilization, and decrease in the size of the population with high-risk behavior. Treatment interventions included increase in treatment uptake and use of direct-acting antivirals. If we assumed that without behavioral interventions high-risk behavior spread further according to the trends observed over the last decade and that the treatment practice did not change, HCV incidence converged to 10.7/100 person-years. All assessed behavioral interventions alone resulted in reduced HCV transmissions. Stabilization of high-risk behavior combined with increased treatment uptake and the use of direct-acting antivirals reduced incidence by 77% (from 2.2 in 2015 to 0.5/100 person-years) and prevalence by 81% (from 4.8% in 2015 to 0.9%) over the next 15 years. Increasing treatment uptake was more effective than increasing treatment efficacy to reduce HCV incidence and prevalence. A decrease in high-risk behavior led to a rapid decline in HCV incidence, independent of treatment interventions.Treatment interventions to curb the HCV epidemic among HIV-infected men who have sex with men are effective if high-risk behavior does not increase as it has during the last decade; reducing high-risk behavior associated with HCV transmission would be the most effective intervention for controlling the HCV epidemic, even if this was not accompanied by an increase in treatment uptake or efficacy. (Hepatology 2016;64:1856-1869).
Breast cancer gene expression profile in young women who are noncarriers of BRCA1/2 mutations with and without familial history.
Authors: D. M. Carraro, C. A. Moreira-Filho, P. L. Ramos, B. C. Lisboa, H. Brentani, M. W. Achatz, M. A. Koike Folgueira, M. H. Katayama, M. Brentani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1538 Background: Breast cancer (BC) in young women is associated with worse prognosis and positive family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer with risk gene mutations, particularly BRCA gene germline mutations. However mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes explain only 10% of BC cases diagnosed before 40 years. Little is known about the genetic basis of early-onset non carriers of BRCA1/2 familial or non-familial cases but aggressive tumor characteristics may be derived from specific oncogenic pathways. Based on these facts, our assumption was that in young (≤ 35 years) patients (pt), with or without familial history, molecular random events may modulate pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Methods: We evaluated gene expression profile in Brazilian young women with and without BC familial history, excluding those with BRCA 1/2 mutations. Thirty one pt with maximum 35 years were included, 50% with ER(-) tumors, 11 and 20 pt reported positive FH(+) and negative FH(-) familial history (NCCN criteria) for BC cancer, respectively. Results: Direct sequencing of all intron/exons from BRCA1/2 genes identified mutations in four patients - 2 FH(-) and 2 FH(+) which were excluded from further tumor analysis. Gene expression was evaluated by 44K Agilent microarrays in 27 samples and 83 transcripts were differentially expressed between tumors from FH(+) and FH(-) pt (permuted t test 1000X; p ≤ 0.01; correction by adjusted Bonferroni method). Among the transcripts, 16 were hyper and 67 (80%) hipo expressed in the FH(-) group. Over-represented biological processes were cell growth and cell size (WebGestalt, hypergeometric method, p≤0.05). Hierarchical clustering (Pearson and complete linkage methods) identified two branches, clearly aggregating 18 pt FH(-) in one of them and eight pt FH(+) in a second one. One FH(+) pt was misclassified. Conclusions: Our results indicate that young pt with or without FH present a differential pattern of gene expression. We may hypothesize that epigenetic events may occur in BC samples from FH(-) young pt inhibiting gene expression and influencing tumor behavior. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Urinary peptidomics provides a noninvasive humanized readout of diabetic nephropathy in mice
Authors: Julie Klein, Adela Ramirez-Torres, Anette Ericsson, Yufeng Huang, Benjamin Breuil, Justyna Siwy, Harald Mischak, Xiao-Rong Peng, Jean-Loup Bascands, Joost P. Schanstra
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
Electromechanical Cell Stimulation: Stretchable Silver Nanowire Microelectrodes for Combined Mechanical and Electrical Stimulation of Cells (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 16/2016)
Authors: Vahid Hosseini, Silvan Gantenbein, Ima Avalos Vizcarra, Ingmar Schoen, Viola Vogel
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A simple fabrication procedure to generate stretchable electrodes for live cell stimulation is introduced by Vahid Hosseini and colleagues on page 2045. In a proof-of-concept study, micropatterend hybrid electrodes of silver nanowires bonded to polydimethylsiloxane are exploited to characterize the fibroblast response to simultaneous electrical and mechanical stimulation.
A Pilot Study of Preoperative Single-Dose Ipilimumab and/or Cryoablation in Women with Early-Stage Breast Cancer with Comprehensive Immune Profiling
Authors: Heather L. McArthur, Adi Diab, David B. Page, Jianda Yuan, Stephen B. Solomon, Virgilio Sacchini, Christopher Comstock, Jeremy C. Durack, Majid Maybody, Janice Sung, Arielle Ginsberg, Phillip Wong, Afsar Barlas, Zhiwan Dong, Chunjun Zhao, Brian Blum, Sujata Patil, Deirdre Neville, Elizabeth A. Comen, Elizabeth A. Morris, Alan Kotin, Edi Brogi, Y. Hannah Wen, Monica Morrow, Mario E. Lacouture, Padmanee Sharma, James P. Allison, Clifford A. Hudis, Jedd D. Wolchok, Larry Norton
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

To assess the safety and tolerability of preoperative cryoablation-mediated tumor antigen presentation and/or ipilimumab-mediated immune modulation in women with operable breast cancer.In this pilot study, 19 women with breast cancer for whom mastectomy was planned were treated with preoperative tumor cryoablation (n = 7), single-dose ipilimumab at 10 mg/kg (n = 6), or both (n = 6). The primary outcome for this pilot study was safety/tolerability as defined as freedom from delays in pre-planned, curative-intent mastectomy. Exploratory studies of immune activation were performed on peripheral blood and tumor.Preoperative cryoablation and/or ipilimumab were safe and tolerable, with no delays in pre-planned surgery. Grade III toxicity was seen in 1 of 19 (unrelated rash after ipilimumab). Combination therapy was associated with sustained peripheral elevations in: Th1-type cytokines, activated (ICOS+) and proliferating (Ki67+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and posttreatment proliferative T-effector cells relative to T-regulatory cells within tumor.Preoperative cryoablation and single-dose ipilimumab are safe alone or in combination with no surgical delays incurred. Potentially favorable intratumoral and systemic immunologic effects were observed with the combination, suggesting the possibility for induced and synergistic antitumor immunity with this strategy. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5729-37. ©2016 AACR.
Appropriateness of cardiovascular (CV) care in cancer survivors (CS).
Authors: W. Y. Cheung, M. L. McBride, R. Levin, S. Setoguchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6026 Background: Research suggests that CS may receive less primary preventive care than noncancer patients (NCP). Secondary disease prevention is also a critical aspect of survivorship care. Our aims were to 1) evaluate the utilization of medications and interventions for treatment and secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) in CS vs. NCP, 2) compare temporal trends in CV care between these 2 cohorts, and 3) identify factors associated with suboptimal care. Methods: Linking data from Medicare, pharmacy assistance programs, and cancer registries, we calculated the percentage receiving CV medications (statin, β-blocker, ACE inhibitor) and revascularization interventions (angioplasty, stent, bypass surgery) within 90 days after acute MI in CS vs propensity score (PS) matched NCP. We assessed trends over time and determined predictors of preventive care using modified Poisson regression. Results: We identified 1,119 CS and 7,886 NCP. Characteristics between the 2 groups were balanced: median ages were 80.6/80.5 years, 65/67% were female, and 92/91% were white, respectively. Compared to NCP, more CS received statins (38 vs 31%) and β-blockers (67 vs 59%), but fewer underwent bypass surgery (1.5 vs 2.8%). Between 1997 and 2004, both CS and NCP were increasingly prescribed medications to prevent future coronary events. Over the same time period, receipt of bypass surgery was significantly lower among CS (see Table). Comorbidities, such as depression and lung disease, and demographic factors, such as advanced age and female, were associated with underuse of preventive care among CS. Conclusions: Use of medications and procedures has generally improved, but uptake of bypass surgery among CS still lags behind NCP. Intervention All years P for difference Year of MI P for trend 1997–1998 1999–2000 2001–2002 2003–2004 Statin CS 38% < 0.01 20% 31% 40% 52% < 0.01 NCP 31% 17% 31% 42% 51% < 0.01 β-blocker CS 67% < 0.01 54% 58% 72% 77% < 0.01 NCP 59% 50% 60% 68% 73% < 0.01 ACE inhibitor CS 47% 0.80 44% 44% 48% 51% 0.09 NCP 47% 45% 45% 48% 52% 0.01 Angioplasty CS 3.9% 0.87 1.8% 3.0% 4.5% 5.6% 0.06 NCP 4.0% 2.8% 3.4% 3.6% 5.7% < 0.01 Coronary stent CS 3.5% 0.28 1.5% 3.0% 4.0% 5.3% 0.15 NCP 3.0% 2.0% 2.8% 3.4% 5.2% < 0.01 Bypass surgery CS 1.5% < 0.01 1.2% 2.2% 1.4% 1.4% 0.74 NCP 2.8% 1.9% 2.0% 2.8% 2.8% < 0.01 No significant financial relationships to disclose.