tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
US urges Puerto Rico to start aerial spraying to reduce risk of birth defects
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

US officials have urged Puerto Rico’s government to start aerial insecticide spraying to control the island’s mosquito population, amid concern that thousands of pregnant women in the territory may become infected with the Zika virus, putting their fetuses at risk of severe neurological birth defects.

“We strongly encourage the people of Puerto Rico to consider aerial spraying as this approach is safe for people and a proven way of …
MErCuRIC1: A Phase I study of MEK1/2 inhibitor PD-0325901 with cMET inhibitor crizotinib in <i>RAS</i>MT and <i>RAS</i>WT (with aberrant c-MET) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients.
Authors: Sandra Van Schaeybroeck, Christian D. Rolfo, Elena Élez, Stephen Kelly, Jennifer Houlden, Linda Collins, Sharon Love, Thierry Andre, Mark Lawler, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Margaret Grayson, Vlad Calin Popovici, Alberto Bardelli, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Tim Maughan, Josep Tabernero, Marc Peeters, Richard H. Wilson, Mark R. Middleton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS3632 Background: RAS is mutated (RASMT) in ~55% of mCRC, and phase III studies have shown that patients harbouring RAS mutations do not benefit from anti-EGFR MoAbs. In addition, ~50% of RAS Wild Type (RASWT) will not benefit from the addition of an EGFR MoAb to standard chemotherapy. Hence, novel treatment strategies are urgently needed for RASMT and > 50% of RASWT mCRC patients. c-MET is overexpressed in ~50-60%, amplified in ~2-3% and mutated in ~3-5% of mCRC. Recent preclinical studies have shown that c-MET is an important mediator of resistance to MEK inhibitors (i) in RASMT mCRC, and that combined MEKi/METi resulted in synergistic reduction in tumour growth in RASMT xenograft models (1). A number of recent studies have highlighted the role of c-MET in mediating primary/secondary resistance to anti-EGFR MoAbs in mCRC, suggesting that patient with RASWT tumours with aberrant c-MET (RASWT/c-MET+) may benefit from anti-c-MET targeted therapies (2). These preclinical data supported the further clinical evaluation of combined MEKi/METi treatment in RASMT and RASWT CRC patients with aberrant c-MET signalling (overexpression, amplification or mutation; RASWT/c-MET+). Methods: MErCuRIC1 is a phase I combination study of METi crizotinib with MEKi PD-0325901. The dose escalation phase, utilizing a rolling six design, recruits 12-24 patients with advanced solid tumours and aims to assess safety/toxicity of combination, recommended phase II (RPII) dose, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) (pERK1/2 in PBMC and tumour; soluble c-MET). In the dose expansion phase an additional 30-42 RASMT and RASWT/c-MET mCRC patients with biopsiable disease will be treated at the RPII dose to further evaluate safety, PK, PD and treatment response. In the dose expansion phase additional biopsy and blood samples will be obtained to define mechanisms of response/resistance to crizotinib/PD-0325901 therapy. Enrolment into the dose escalation phase began in December 2014 with cohort 1 still ongoing. EudraCT registry number: 2014-000463-40. (1) Van Schaeybroeck S et al. Cell Reports 2014;7(6):1940-55; (2) Bardelli A et al. Cancer Discov 2013;3(6):658-73. Clinical trial information: 2014-000463-40.
Randomized trials on mammography screening and the left-to-nature design.
Authors: Philippe Autier, Mathieu Boniol, Michel Smans, Peter Boyle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

1570 Background: Population data suggest that mammography screening does not play a major role in breast cancer mortality declines. The six randomized trials that found decreased risks of breast cancer death with mammography screening were all based on the left-to-nature design where women allocated to control groups were unaware that they were part of a trial. We hypothesized that factors other than mammography screening contributed to reductions in breast cancer mortality seen in the trials. Methods: We systematically searched in publications on mammography trials for data on factors other than mammography screening that could have influenced breast cancer size or mortality. We extracted or computed reductions in risks of breast cancer death predicted by reductions in cancer size observed in trials multiplied by size-specific fatality rates observed in trials. We then compared predicted and reported risk reductions. We searched for causes of death other than breast cancer among breast cancers during trials. Results: Predicted and reported relative risks of breast cancer death were 0.84 (95% CI: 0.84-0.96) and 0.68 (0.59-0.80) in the Swedish Two-County trial, 0.89 (0.69-1.16) and 0.76 (0.56-1.04) in the Swedish Goteborg trial, 0.96 (0.76-1.22) and 0.71 (0.55-0.93) in the Greater New York Health Insurance Plan trial, and 0.90 (0.80-1.01) and 0.79 (0.78-1.01) in the English Age trial. In the Two-County trial, breast cancer women in the intervention group had a 33% (20 to 63%) increased risk to die from a cause other than breast cancer. Lower predicted reductions in risks of death and more deaths not due to breast cancer reflect the contribution of factors other than earlier detection in reduced risks of breast cancer death. In several trials, interval breast cancers were smaller and more frequently in situ than cancers in control groups indicating that factors other than mammography screening played a role in breast cancer earlier detection. We found evidence that in the Two-County trial, the intervention also consisted in promoting breast awareness and breast self-examination. Conclusions: Randomized trials based on the left-to-nature design have overestimated the capacity of mammography screening to reduce the risk of breast cancer death.
Peripheral neuropathy of VAC therapy for adult rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Shinsuke Sasada, Makoto Kodaira, Jun Hashimoto, Harukaze Yamamoto, Mayu Yunokawa, Kan Yonemori, Chikako Shimizu, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Kenji Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Case 8-1982
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Gordon L. Snider, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Presentation of CaseA 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with pain in the legs.He was well until six months earlier, when he began to have dyspnea that caused him to discontinue jogging 5 miles (8 km) daily. The dyspnea progressed until it was present at rest and was not relieved by bronchodilator medication. A physician found cervical lymphadenopathy and pruritic skin lesions. X-ray films of the chest showed prominence of the left hilar region. Two months before admission microscopical examination of a biopsy specimen of a cervical lymph node disclosed diffuse histiocytic lymphoma; clinical Stage III was . . .
A phase I dose escalation and cohort expansion study of lirilumab (anti-KIR; BMS-986015) in combination with nivolumab (anti-PD-1; BMS-936558, ONO-4538) in advanced solid tumors.
Authors: Neil Howard Segal, F. Stephen Hodi, Rachel E. Sanborn, Thomas Gajewski, Jedd D. Wolchok, Walter John Urba, Bernard A. Fox, Suzanne Louise Topalian, Drew M. Pardoll, Georgia Kollia, Dan McDonald, Su Young Kim, William Howard Sharfman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS3115 Background: Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and programmed death-1 (PD-1) are immune receptors that downregulate natural killer (NK) cell and T-cell activity, respectively. Immune checkpoint blockade is emerging as a novel form of cancer immunotherapy. Lirilumab, an anti-KIR antibody, potentiates NK activity and innate immunity, with only modest side effects (mostly grade 1 or 2) in a phase I monotherapy trial. Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, potentiates T-cell activity and adaptive immunity, and has shown durable activity in various solid tumors, including melanoma (MEL), kidney cancer and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We hypothesize that simultaneous KIR and PD-1 blockade will enhance innate and adaptive immunity, resulting in greater clinical activity than with either agent alone. We describe a phase I study of lirilumab and nivolumab in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors, the first collaborative trial conducted by the International Immuno-Oncology Network. Methods: Approximately 150 pts will be treated across dose escalation and expansion. During dose escalation, pts with any solid tumor (excluding primary central nervous system tumors) will receive nivolumab 3 mg/kg IV Q2W plus lirilumab 0.1, 0.3, 1, or 3 mg/kg Q4W in 8-week cycles (max 12 cycles). During cohort expansion, pts with NSCLC (squamous/non-squamous), MEL, select gastrointestinal cancers, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN), and hepatocellular carcinoma will be enrolled at the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), or highest planned dose if no MTD is defined. The primary objectives are to determine the safety, tolerability, dose-limiting toxicities, and MTD of the combination. Secondary objectives are to assess preliminary antitumor activity, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity (all pts), and pharmacodynamic effect on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte subsets (MEL and SCCHN pts). Exploratory objectives include an assessment of innate and adaptive immune responses in peripheral blood and/or tumor specimens and correlation with clinical outcome. Clinical trial information: NCT01714739.
Norwegians approve of the health authorities’ strategy to communicate worst case pandemic scenarios
Authors: G Wøien, K I Tonsberg
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

According to the Norwegian pandemic preparedness plans, health authorities shall assess their communication activities before and during an outbreak of infectious diseases. A survey was conducted on 29 April 2009 on acceptance of communications by the national public health authorities concerning the emerging threat from the new influenza A(H1N1) virus. The survey was similar to other surveys in 2005-6 about the avian flu. The results were not very different--the overall majority of the people interviewed were not worried and the health authorities were regarded as trustworthy.
P-156 Pathologic response of liver metastases from colorectal cancer after chemotherapy and aflibercept: initial report of 23 cases from 9 patients
Authors: F. Bibeau, G. Goldman-Levy, P. Artru, J. Desrame, G. Lledo, F. Mithieux, P. Chalabreysse, E. Watkin, F. Boissiere-Michot
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Jaundice (Hyperbilirubinemia) in Cancer
Authors: Vivek Subbiah, Howard (Jack) West
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Jaundice (Hyperbilirubinemia) in CancerJaundice is yellowing of the skin and white of the eye, also called hyperbilirubinemia because the blood contains too much bilirubin, the yellow pigment that causes the discoloration.
Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding caused by intestinal lipomatosis: double-balloon endoscopic and laparoscopic views
Authors: Adriana Safatle-Ribeiro, Rodrigo de Oliveira, Leonardo Zorrón Pu, Ângela Caiado, Eduardo de Moura, Ulysses Ribeiro, Bruno Zilberstein
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 52-year-old white man without co-morbidities presented with a 6-year history of recurrent abdominal pain and episodes of melena twice a week for the past year. He was started on oral iron sulfate supplements and had already received a blood transfusion.
Association Between Hypodensities Detected by Computed Tomography and Hematoma Expansion in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Gregoire Boulouis, Andrea Morotti, H. Bart Brouwers, Andreas Charidimou, Michael J. Jessel, Eitan Auriel, Octávio Pontes-Neto, Alison Ayres, Anastasia Vashkevich, Kristin M. Schwab, Jonathan Rosand, Anand Viswanathan, Mahmut E. Gurol, Steven M. Greenberg, Joshua N. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Hematoma expansion is a potentially modifiable predictor of poor outcome following an acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The ability to identify patients with ICH who are likeliest to experience hematoma expansion and therefore likeliest to benefit from expansion-targeted treatments remains an unmet need. Hypodensities within an ICH detected by noncontrast computed tomography (NCCT) have been suggested as a predictor of hematoma expansion.To determine whether hypodense regions, irrespective of their specific patterns, are associated with hematoma expansion in patients with ICH.We analyzed a large cohort of 784 patients with ICH (the development cohort; 55.6% female), examined NCCT findings for any hypodensity, and replicated our findings on a different cohort of patients (the replication cohort; 52.7% female). Baseline and follow-up NCCT data from consecutive patients with ICH presenting to a tertiary care hospital between 1994 and 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Data analyses were performed between December 2015 and January 2016.Hypodensities were analyzed by 2 independent blinded raters. The association between hypodensities and hematoma expansion (>6 cm3 or 33% of baseline volume) was determined by multivariable logistic regression after controlling for other variables associated with hematoma expansion in univariate analyses with P ≤ .10.A total of 1029 patients were included in the analysis. In the development and replication cohorts, 222 of 784 patients (28.3%) and 99 of 245 patients (40.4%; 321 of 1029 patients [31.2%]), respectively, had NCCT scans that demonstrated hypodensities at baseline (κ = 0.87 for interrater reliability). In univariate analyses, hypodensities were associated with hematoma expansion (86 of 163 patients with hematoma expansion had hypodensities [52.8%], whereas 136 of 621 patients without hematoma expansion had hypodensities [21.9%]; P < .001). The association between hypodensities and hematoma expansion remained significant (odds ratio, 3.42 [95% CI, 2.21-5.31]; P < .001) in a multivariable model; other independent predictors of hematoma expansion were a CT angiography spot sign, a shorter time to CT, warfarin use, and older age. The independent predictive value of hypodensities was again demonstrated in the replication cohort (odds ratio, 4.37 [95% CI, 2.05-9.62]; P < .001).Hypodensities within an acute ICH detected on an NCCT scan may predict hematoma expansion, independent of other clinical and imaging predictors. This novel marker may help clarify the mechanism of hematoma expansion and serve as a useful addition to clinical algorithms for determining the risk of and treatment stratification for hematoma expansion.
Prognostic value of change in CA 125 levels after the first cycle of induction chemotherapy for epithelial ovarian cancers: Results of a multicentric French study
Authors: J. Riedinger, J. Basuyau, N. Eche, F. Bonnetain, M. F. Pichon, P. Fargeot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

16017 Background: CA 125 assays enable treatment-response monitoring in ovarian cancer. Patients and Methods: This multicentric study was performed to assess the predictive value with regard to pathologic complete response at surgical second look and the prognostic value of the serum CA 125 change (=rease [D], 50%, 25%, &lt; 25%ase) after one or two courses of induction chemotherapy (CT) with platinum salts and cyclophosphamide Of the 494 stage IIc - IV patients who were treated at the French Cancer Centres of Dijon, Bordeaux, Toulouse, Rouen, Reims, Nantes, Angers, Saint Cloud, 397 (80.4%d and 382 (77.3%om cancer. Median (range) follow up time was 34 months (3 - 215 months). Among them, 194 patients had a surgical second look. Results: The CA 125 change after the first, the second and the two first CT courses and CA 125 concentration (&gt; or = -1 ) before the third CT cycle had an univariate prognostic value for overall survival (OS) (p &lt; 0.0001 for both). In Cox models, CA 125 change after the first CT course (p &lt; 0.0001), residual tumour (p = CA 125 concentration before the second CT course (p =and patients’ age (p =were independent prognostic factors for OS. A normal CA 125 before each of the two first CT courses or a CA 125 decrease higher than 50%e first CT course with a CA 125 = -1 before the second CT course identify patients with good prognosis. Both criteria retained a significant value in predicting second-look findings by univariate and multivariate analysis (p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion: Among well-established prognostic factors in ovarian cancers, the CA 125 change after the first CT course was independent prognostic factors for both achievement of pathological complete response and OS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Influence of patient-related variables on clozapine plasma levels
Authors: C Haring, W W Fleischhacker, P Schett, C Humpel, C Barnas, A Saria
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors investigated the clozapine plasma levels of 148 psychiatric inpatients. Multiple regression analysis revealed a linear relationship between dose of clozapine and plasma concentrations. The analysis showed a significant influence of dose, sex, smoking, weight, and age on the plasma concentrations of clozapine under clinical conditions. These results remained significant when clozapine doses below 150 mg/day and above 500 mg/day were excluded from the analysis.
Regenerative Growth in the Urodele Forelimb Following Ultraviolet Radiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E G BUTLER, H F BLUM
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Regenerative Growth in the Urodele Forelimb Following Ultraviolet Radiation Get access Elmer G. Butler, Elmer G. Butler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harold F. Blum Harold F. Blum Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 4, February 1955, Pages 877–889, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.4.877 Published: 01 February 1955 Article history Received: 19 July 1954 Published: 01 February 1955
Prognostic Impact of Her2 Immunoreactivity in Her2-Positive Gastric Cancer Treated with Trastuzumab-Based Chemotherapy
Authors: Shigenori Kadowaki, Yukiya Narita, Azusa Komori, Motoo Nomura, Hiroya Taniguchi, Daisuke Takahari, Takashi Ura, Masashi Andoh, Yasumasa Niwa, Kei Muro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
George Alexander McDonald
Authors: Pierre Fouin, Michael Williams
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <h3>Background</h3> Low back pain (LBP) is prevalent, costly, and a common reason for a visit to a primary care provider (PCP). Guidelines recommend a stepped approach to management. <h3>Objective</h3> For individuals with LBP initially contacting a PCP, examine the association between the incorporation of first-line therapies, use of second- and third-line services and total episode cost. <h3>Design</h3> Retrospective cohort study <h3>Setting/Patients</h3> National sample of individuals with non-surgical LBP occurring in 2017-2019. <h3>Measurements</h3> Independent variables were initial contact with a PCP, and the timing of incorporation of 5 types of first-line therapies. Dependent measures included use of 14 types of health care services and total episode cost. <h3>Results</h3> 8.5% of 118,503 PCPs initially contacted by 308,790 individuals with 347,627 episodes of non-surgical LBP were associated with an episode including any first-line service at any time. 17.5% of episodes included any first-line service at any time. Active care (11.6% of episodes), manual therapy (8.0%) and chiropractic manipulative therapy (7.0%) were the most common first line services. 5.4% of episodes included a first-line service during the first 7 days with these episodes associated with a modest reduction (risk ratio 0.34 to 0.89) in the use of prescription pharmaceuticals. First-line services were associated with an increase in total episode cost with the smallest increase associated with chiropractic and osteopathic manipulation. Younger individuals from ZIP codes with higher adjusted gross income were more likely to receive a first-line service in the first 7 days of an episode. <h3>Limitations</h3> As a retrospective observational analysis of associations there are numerous potential confounders and limitations. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Individuals with non-surgical LBP initially contacting a PCP infrequently receive a first-line service, and if received, it is typically in addition to second- and third-line pharmaceutical, imaging, and interventional services. There is an opportunity to improve concordance with the stepped approach to management described in LBP guidelines.
Relations between academic departments of psychiatry and pharmaceutical companies
Authors: M Jellinek, A Lazare
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The financial pressures placed on academic departments of psychiatry make the offers of assistance from pharmaceutical companies very attractive. The authors provide a sequential three-step decision-making approach to help the academic physician and the psychiatry department address the ethical issues involved in any given interaction with a pharmaceutical company. They also provide examples of the application of these guidelines.
Error in Author Affiliations
Authors: L V Kessing, T A Gerds, B Feldt-Rasmussen, P K Andersen, R W Licht
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Lars Vedel Kessing, MD, DMSc; Thomas Alexander Gerds, PhD; Bo Feldt-Rasmussen, MD, DMSc; Per Kragh Andersen, PhD, DMSc; Rasmus W. Licht, MD, PhD
Authors’ reply: Escherichia coli harbouring mcr-1 gene isolated from poultry not exposed to polymyxins in Brazil
Authors: Miriam R Fernandes, Quézia Moura, Fernanda Esposito, Nilton Lincopan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

Preview this article: Authors' reply: Escherichia coli harbouring mcr-1 gene isolated from poultry not exposed to polymyxins in Brazil, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/21/26/eurosurv-21-30268-6-1.gif
Local Inhibition of Complement Improves Mesenchymal Stem Cell Viability and Function After Administration
Authors: Yan Li, John Fung, Feng Lin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

The results of recent clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been unsatisfactory, indicating that current MSC-based therapies need to be improved. We and others have previously demonstrated that MSCs activate complement by unknown mechanisms after infusion, leading to damaged MSCs. In the study reported here, we found that incorporation of N-glycolylneuraminic acid onto MSCs during in vitro culture was a factor in the activation of complement by MSCs. In addition, we developed a way to "paint" heparin onto MSCs. This novel method improved the viability of MSCs and enhanced their function after infusion by directly inhibiting complement and by recruiting factor H, another potent complement inhibitor in serum, onto the surface of the MSCs. These data suggest that cell-surface engineering of MSCs with heparin to locally inhibit complement activation on MSCs might be a straightforward and effective method for improving the outcome of current MSC-based therapies.