tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cell-Mediated Immunity to Epstein–Barr-Virus-Transformed Lymphoblastoid Cells in Acute Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: Ivor Royston, John L. Sullivan, Phillip O. Periman, Elliott Perlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Mononuclear peripheral blood leukocytes from 21 patients with infectious mononucleosis and 16 healthy controls were tested in a 51Cr-release assay for cytotoxicity against two human lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from the same donor. One line contained the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); the other did not. Acute-phase leukocytes were significantly more cytotoxic against the EBV-infected cell line than were control leukocytes. Mean (+/- S.E.) lysis at a leukocyte-target-cell ratio of 100:1 was 10.6 +/- 1.6 per cent for patients and 3.4 +/- 0.6 per cent for controls (P less than 0.0005). Cytotoxicity correlated with the percentage of atypical lymphocytes. Cells of three patients with acute mononucleosis-like illnesses failed to show killing activity above those of normal controls. Cytotoxicity against the EBV-negative line was not significantly different for each group. The finding of cytotoxic cells in infectious-mononucleosis patients with atypical lymphocytes suggests that these cells operate in vivo to limit the proliferation of altered EBV-transformed B lymphoblasts.
P513 A SIMPLE MODEL FOR THE PREDICTION OF OVERT HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY AND VALIDATION IN AN INDEPENDENT COHORT
Authors: C. Pasquale, S. Nardelli, I. Pentassuglio, S. Gioia, E. Onori, N. Piazza, P. Amodio, M. De Rui, S. Schiff, A. Farcomeni, M. Merli, S. Montagnese, O. Riggio
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Intestinal Activity on Tc-99m MAG3 Scintigraphy in a Patient After Renal Transplant May Interfere with Interpretation
Authors: STEPHEN BARNES, WEI-JEN SHIH, MARTHA SAYLOR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Although Tc-99m MAG3 has been designated as a replacement for I-131 orthoiodohippurate, a small amount of the administered radiopharmaceutical may be excreted through the hepatobiliary system. Consequently, gallbladder or bowel activity might be seen on follow-up Tc-99m MAG3 images after renal transplant, which could lead to misinterpretation. The authors describe a patient who received a renal transplant whose 90-minute Tc-99m MAG3 image showed bowel activity, suggesting a urinary leak. An additional delayed image revealed movement of the area of radioactivity in the bowel. Thus, in results suggesting a possible urinary leak, further delayed imaging may be used for more definitive diagnosis.
SP0089 Trends in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Latin America
Authors: J.-M. Anaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is a rapidly growing region with almost 600 million inhabitants composed of Mexico, Central and South America, and the islands of the Caribbean. The population of LAC is one of the most diverse in the world. There is an increased prevalence of chronic diseases in LAC which has been attributed to diverse causes, including ancestry, socioeconomic status, the ageing of the population, and lifestyle factors such as smoking, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol intake (Arthritis 2013; 2013:256493). The prevalence of some autoimmune rheumatic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is higher than expected among some Amerindian groups thus highlighting ancestry as a factor influencing the risk of acquiring autoimmune diseases. RA prevalence in LAC ranges from 0.4 to 1.6% (J Clin Rheumatol 2012;18:167-9). Compared to Caucasians, RA in LAC has an earlier age at onset and affects more women than men (5.2:1) with some clinical characteristics that differ from RA presentation in men (Gend Med 2012; 9:490-510). Cardiovascular disease in LAC RA patients is 35% (Arthritis 2012; 2012:371909). PANLAR and the "Grupo Latino Americano de Estudio de Artritis Reumatoide" (GLADAR) have issued some guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of RA that promote an early aggressive therapy. Early disease clinics are established in some LAC countries. The GLADAR experience has shown that most early RA patients (i.e., &lt;1 year of disease duration) receive methotrexate. Combination therapy is used in approximately 1 of every 4 patients as initial therapy. Biologics are rarely used at this early stage, but low-dose prednisone is commonly used (J Clin Rheumatol 2012;18:327-35). In patients with established RA, biologics are used in 15-40% of cases. The advent of biosimilars gains more importance in LAC countries because they promote cost containment favoring the sustainability of modern health systems in a panorama of aging population, demographic transition towards chronic diseases like RA, costly health technologies, and limited resources (Biosimilars 2013;3:1-17). As stated by Burgos-Vargas et al. "challenges for LAC countries in the treatment of RA include making the disease a public health priority, knowing its socioeconomic impact in terms of its high cost and burden on the health-care system, and increasing access to prompt diagnosis, treatment by rheumatologists, and availability of effective low cost medications (Reumatol Clin 2013;9:106-12)." <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6238
Abstract 2436: [18F]FDG accumulation in tumor microenvironment -Microautoradiographic study combined with immunohistochemistry in mice-
Authors: Sachi Sugita, Masanori Yamato, Yosky Kataoka, Yasuyoshi Watanabe
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract [Purpose] Tumor microenvironment is characterized by the conditions including hypoxia, low nutrition, stromal cell infiltration, and acidosis due to incomplete blood vessel network. Tumor microenvironment has been recognized as a major factor influencing not only the response to anti-cancer therapies but also malignant progression and metastasis. Non-invasive imaging of such a microenvironment by positron emission tomography (PET) will provide more therapeutic merits. Accumulation of FDG, 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose, a most-often used PET probe, in tumor has been reported to correlate with the metastasis and malignancy. However, the FDG uptake profile in the microenvironment has remained unknown. In this study, we simultaneously visualized the intratumoral FDG distribution and the microenvironment by using microautoradiography in microscopic spatial resolution combined with immunohistochemistry. [Methods] Human epidermoid carcinoma cell line A431 was transplanted into the back of female SCID mice, and FDG was injected into the mice 2 weeks after the transplantation. The tumors were removed from mice 45 minutes after the FDG administration and the frozen sections were obtained. Overall image of the intratumoral FDG distribution was obtained by conventional autoradiography. FDG distribution and microenvironment in microscopic levels were visualized by microautoradiography followed by immunohistochemical detection of hypoxic condition and cell-specific markers. [Result &amp; Conclusion] Conventional autoradiography and microautoradiography showed the similar pattern in FDG distribution in the tumor. Furthermore, microautoradiographic study with immunohistochemistry revealed that grains at high-density were observed in pimonidazol (hypoxia marker)-accumulated areas showing infiltration of many S100A4-immunopositive fibroblasts. These results suggested that FDG accumulation was prominent in stromal cells involved in hypoxic condition in tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2436. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2436
Collection, Preservation and Transfusion of Platelets
Authors: Mario Stefanini, William Dameshek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

RECENT developments in the therapy of certain types of cancer with growth-suppressing agents, which are usually myelotoxic, as well as the threat of mass exposure to ionizing radiation, have focused increasing attention on the problem of collection, preservation and transfusion of platelets. Thus, bleeding due to thrombocytopenia is one of the most significantly limiting factors in the chemotherapy of leukemia and lymphoma. It is theoretically possible that, if a drastic but temporary depression of abnormal cell production could be obtained by various chemotherapeutic agents even at the expense of severe bone-marrow injury, lengthy remissions would occur in certain types of . . .
PREDICTORS OF BLOOD PRESSURE RESPONSE IN THE NON-INVASIVE RENAL DENERVATION STUDY USING EXTERNALLY DELIVERED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND IN SEVERE RESISTANT HYPERTENSION
Authors: Roland E. Schmieder, Omar Dawood, Zdenek Starek, Patrick Kay, Thomas Anderson, Michael Gertner, John Ormiston, Petr Neuzil
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 2561: MiRNA-related SNPs and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus: post genome-wide association analysis in the BEACON consortium.
Authors: Matthew F. Buas, Lynn Onstad, David Levine, Thomas L. Vaughan, David C. Whiteman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) has increased significantly in recent decades. Although several major risk factors have been identified for EA and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE), including reflux, Caucasian race, male gender, obesity, and smoking, only limited knowledge exists regarding the role of inherited genetic variation and its interplay with environmental factors. The Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) recently completed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 1,517 EA cases, 2,416 BE cases, and 2,187 controls. Using this dataset, we examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that potentially affect the biogenesis or biological activity of microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and are deregulated in many cancers, including EA. Polymorphisms in three classes of genes were evaluated for their association with risk of EA or BE: 1) miRNA biogenesis genes (157 SNPs), 2) miRNA gene loci (234 SNPs), and 3) miRNA-targeted mRNAs (179 SNPs). 28 SNPs were significantly associated (P&amp;lt;0.05) with EA, and 34 with BE. A polymorphism located in a predicted miRNA-138 binding site of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 (rs1799782) was associated with &amp;gt;30% reduced risk of EA (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.55-0.83), which remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons (adjusted P=0.04). This inverse association became more pronounced with increasing pack-years (P-interaction=0.02). Alterations in disease risk associated with other polymorphisms ranged from 10-40%. This study provides the most extensive assessment to date of miRNA-related SNPs in relation to risk of EA and BE and suggests that genetic variation in this pathway may influence disease susceptibility and interact with known risk factors. Citation Format: Matthew F. Buas, Lynn Onstad, David Levine, Thomas L. Vaughan, David C. Whiteman, BEACON Consortium Investigators. MiRNA-related SNPs and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus: post genome-wide association analysis in the BEACON consortium. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2561. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2561
P5-20-02: N-Terminal Pro-Brain B-Type Natriuretic Peptide (nt-pro-BNP) before and during Treatment with Trastuzumab Allows Early Detection of Cardiotoxicity in Breast Cancer Patients.
Authors: I Blancas, J Carrillo, M Legerén, M Delgado, JM Jurado, I Zarcos, A Villaescusa, FJ Gómez, E Moreno, JL García-Puche
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The treatment with Trastuzumab (T) is associated with a certain degree of cardiotoxicity. This study sought to evaluate the level of nt-pro-BNP as a possible marker of cardiotoxicity so accurate as the value of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) Patients and methods: Forty patients with breast cancer treated with T were prospectively measured LVFE with echocardiography and nt-pro-BNP level before and every 3 months during T treatment. Median age: 50years(27;70). Received T as adjuvant treatment: 82.5% of the patients and 17.5% for metastatic disease.Patients with previous chemotherapy: 13(32.5%)neoadjuvant, 23(57.5%)adjuvant and 7(17.5%) for metastastic disease. Patients with previous treatment with anthracyclines: 12(30%)neoadjuvant, 21(52.5%)adjuvant and 2(5%)for metastatic disease(one patient had received anthracyclines too during adjuvant treatment).None received anthracyclines and T concomitant. Chi-square analyzed the correlation of high pathological level of nt-pro-BNP (values over the normal ***range, adjusted by the patient age) and a significative decrease of LVEF (more than 10% when LVEF &amp;gt;50% or more than 5% when LVEF&amp;lt; 50%) Results: A decrease in LVEF was observed in 6 patients(15%) and pathological high levels of nt-pro-BNP in 7(17.5%).Two patients(5%) presented cardiac insufficiency with clinical symptoms, in both nt-pro-BNP was higher than 600pg/ml and LVEF lower than 40%. In the other patients the decreases of LVEF(never were&amp;lt;40%) or high levels of nt-proBNP(never were&amp;gt;600pg/ml)were not related to any clinical symptoms. Chi-square analysis showed a correlation between pathological high levels of nt-pro-BNP and significative decrease of LVEF (p=0.001), The estimated risk of a false negative nt-pro-BNP result (nt-pro-BNP normal value and significative LVEF decrease) was 2.735% (95 % confidence interval: 0.878 to 8.522 %) and the estimated risk of a false positive nt-pro-BNP result (nt-pro-BNP pathological value and no significative LVEF decrease) was 0.132%(95% confidence interval: 0.39 to 0.448%) Conclusion:The level of nt-pro-BNP is a possible marker of cardiotoxicity so accurate as the value of LVEF in patients with breast cancer treated with T. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-20-02.
Abstract 5197: Comparative proteome analysis reveals flotillin-1 as an H-Ras-interacting lipid raft protein critical for breast epithelial cell invasion
Authors: Hae-Young Yong, Jin-Sun Hwang, Myeong-Ok Kim, Hwa-Jin Sohn, Eun-Sook Kim, Wahn Soo Choi, Dong-Young Noh, Ki-Tae Hwang, Hyeong-Reh Choi Kim, Ki-Bum Kim, Jae-Seon Lee, Aree Moon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Metastatic spread is the major cause of death from breast cancer. The objective of our study is to unveil signal transduction pathways specific to breast epithelial cell invasion and migration apart from cell proliferation/transformation. We previously showed that the active H-Ras, but not N-Ras, induces invasive/migratory phenotypes of MCF10A human breast epithelial cells via activation of Rac1/p38 signaling leading to MMP-2 up-regulation, while both H-Ras and N-Ras induce cell proliferation and transformation. In the present study, we hypothesized that the Ras isoform-specific signaling pathway is initiated by differential involvement of lipid raft proteins. To address this, we characterized proteome profiles of lipid raft proteins from three cell lines: normal MCF10A; N-Ras-transformed, non-invasive MCF10A; and H-Ras-transformed, invasive MCF10A cells. Among twenty-four lipid raft proteins that were up-regulated in an H-Ras-specific manner, we tested whether flotillin-1 plays a causative role for H-Ras-mediated MCF10A cell invasion/migration. Here, we show that flotillin-1 interacts with H-Ras and H-Ras signaling increases flotillin-1 expression, suggesting a signaling amplification loop between flotillin-1 and H-Ras. Importantly, siRNA-mediated flotillin-1 knockdown significantly reduced H-Ras-mediated motility/invasion accompanied with down-regulation of Rac1/p38 and MMP-2. We also show that flotillin-1 co-localizes with H-Ras in the plasma membrane, while the interaction between flotillin-1 and N-Ras was negligible. Taken together, this study identified flotillin-1 as an H-Ras-interacting lipid raft protein critical for activation of H-Ras-specific signaling resulting invasive phenotype in breast epithelial cells. Consistently, flotillin-1 mRNA was significantly higher in malignant breast cancer tissues, supporting our hypothesis that flotillin-1 may contribute to breast carcinoma invasion. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5197.
AB0119 Card15/nod2 mutations in turkish patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: S. Kobak, M. Orman, A. Berdeli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> It has been shown that CARD15/NOD2 molecule has an important role in etiopathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases and provides susceptibility to diseases. CARD15/NOD2 is a cytoplasmic molecule, which recognizes some microbial components, has roles in control of apoptosis and inflammatory processes. Its relationship with spondyloarthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases are well-known. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study was to investigate CARD15/NOD2 gene mutations in Turkish patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to define possible relationships with disease susceptibility, disease severity and findings. <h3>Methods</h3> According to modified New York criteria, 100 patients with diagnosis of AS and 50 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. After informed consents were obtained from all patients and controls, CARD15/NOD2 (G908R, R702W, C3020ins variants) gene mutation was analyzed by PCR method. <h3>Results</h3> While a total of 9 (9%) heterozygote mutations were defined in CARD15 G908R and CARD15 R702W variants, no mutation was detected in CARD15 C3020ins. Compared to control group, there was no statistically significant difference in all 3 regions (G908R, R702W, 3020insC) (p=0.571; p=0.683 and p=0.150; respectively). In patient group there was no possible statistically significant correlation in clinical findings (uveitis, sacroiliitis, knee and hip involvements, disease activation etc.) between patients with and without mutations in all 3 regions (p&gt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results indicated that frequently encountered CARD15 variants did not have important roles in Turkish patients with AS. <h3>References</h3> Hugot JP, Laurent-Puig P, Gower-Rousseau C, Olson JM, Lee JC, Beaugerie L. et al. Mapping of a susceptibility locus for Crohn’s disease on chromosome 16. Nature 1996; 379: 821–3. Lesage S, Zouali H, Cezard JP, Colombel JF, Belaiche J, Almer S et al. CARD15/NOD2 mutational analysis and genotype–phenotype correlation in 612 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Hum Genet 2002;70:845–57. Kim TH, Rahman P, Jun JB, Lee HS, Park YW, Im HJ et al. Analysis of CARD15 polymorphisms in Korean patients with ankylosing spondylitis reveals absence of common variants seen in western populations. J Rheumatol. 2004 Oct;31(10):1959-61. van der Paardt M, Crusius JB, de Koning MH, Murillo LS, Van de Stadt RJ, Dijkmans BA et al.CARD15 gene mutations are not associated with ankylosing spondylitis. Genes Immun 2003;4:77–8. Laukens D, Peeters H, Marichal D, Vander Cruyssen B, Mielants H. CARD15 gene polymorphisms in patients with spondyloarthropathies identify a specific phenotype previously related to Crohn’s disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2005;64:930–935. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Spinal cord reconstitution with homologous neural grafts enables robust corticospinal regeneration
Authors: Ken Kadoya, Paul Lu, Kenny Nguyen, Corinne Lee-Kubli, Hiromi Kumamaru, Lin Yao, Joshua Knackert, Gunnar Poplawski, Jennifer N Dulin, Hans Strobl, Yoshio Takashima, Jeremy Biane, James Conner, Su-Chun Zhang, Mark H Tuszynski
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
Nonvisualization of the Common Bile Duct and Normal Biliary to Bowel Transit
Authors: J Outomuro, A Serena, L Campos, J R Pineda, J Montes
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

An 87-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of cholelithiasis and chronic biliary tract disease had septicemia secondary to a hepatic abscess. A bilioenteric fistula (BEF) was suspected, but a first endoscopic study could not be performed because of edema in the duodenal bulb. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy with Tc-99m mebrofenin showed normal bilioenteric transit and markedly dilated intrahepatic ducts. The distal end of the common bile duct was not seen during the time of the study. These findings support the diagnosis of BEF that was subsequently confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).
PTU-170 Oesophageal Perforation Resulting from Band Achalasia – a Delayed Complication of Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding
Authors: S Shaikh, S Dexter, J Jameel
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a common bariatric procedure in the UK due to its relative technical ease and reversibility. The technique has been around since the 1990s and although its immediate complications have been evident and known, the longer term complications are still emerging and not yet completely understood. Oesophageal dysmotility post-LAGB is now increasingly being recognised as a long-term complication associated with LAGB. This paper presents a potentially life-threatening complication associated with oesophageal dysmotility more than a decade after LAGB placement. <h3>Methods</h3> A 58yr old lady presented with chronic cough and mediastinal widening on chest X-ray. A computed tomogram (CT) revealed a mega-oesophagus with a collection in the mediastinum in keeping with a contained oesophageal perforation and a LAGB in situ. On further questioning, she mentioned that she had had a LAGB placed 12yrs previously.. She had been experiencing recurrent coughs, chest infections, weight loss and dysphagia for 2 yrs but had not sought medical help. <h3>Results</h3> The LAGB was completely emptied (9mls of fluid). She was managed conservatively with nil orally, nasogastric drainage, antibiotics, parenteral nutrition over a period of 4 weeks and serial imaging was performed to monitor progress. She responded well to it, the perforation had completely healed, she resumed oral intake and was discharged. <h3>Conclusion</h3> While oesophageal dysmotility is emerging as a long-term complication occurring around 5–7 yrs post-LAGB, its association with oesophageal perforation has not been described in the literature prior to this incident. It is likely that oesophageal dysmotility resulted in mega-oesophagus and the associated reflux caused frequent coughing in our patient. The valsalva manoeuvre during coughing which closes the cricipharyngeus proximally and the presence of LAGB distally may have generated a high pressure zone within the oesophagus leading to perforation. This was a potentially life-threatening complication. This re-inforces the importance of life-long commitment to follow-up in patients who undergo bariatric surgery. We suggest at-risk patients developing mega-oesophagus should be identified and timely band –emptying performed to avoid this serious complication. Further long-term cohort studies need to be performed to determine the exact prevalence of oesophageal dysmotility and such complications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.