tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of hepatitis E virus infection in adult Americans with acute liver failure
Authors: Robert John Fontana, Ronald E. Engle, Steven Scaglione, Victor Araya, Obaid Shaikh, Holly Tillman, Nahid Attar, Robert H. Purcell, William M. Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Acute hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a leading cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in many developing countries, yet rarely identified in Western countries. Given that antibody testing for HEV infection is not routinely obtained, we hypothesized that HEV-related ALF might be present and unrecognized in North American ALF patients. Serum samples of 681 adults enrolled in the U.S. Acute Liver Failure Study Group were tested for anti-HEV immunoglobulin (Ig) M and anti-HEV IgG levels. Subjects with a detectable anti-HEV IgM also underwent testing for HEV RNA. Mean patient age was 41.8 years, 32.9% were male, and ALF etiologies included acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity (29%), indeterminate ALF (23%), idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury DILI (22%), acute hepatitis B virus infection (12%), autoimmune hepatitis (12%), and pregnancy-related ALF (2%). Three men ages 36, 39, and 70 demonstrated repeatedly detectable anti-HEV IgM, but all were HEV-RNA negative and had other putative diagnoses. The latter 2 subjects died within 3 and 11 days of enrollment whereas the 36-year-old underwent emergency liver transplantation on study day 2. At admission, 294 (43.4%) of the ALF patients were anti-HEV IgG positive with the seroprevalence being highest in those from the Midwest (50%) and lowest in those from the Southeast (28%). Anti-HEV IgG+ subjects were significantly older, less likely to have APAP overdose, and had a lower overall 3-week survival compared to anti-HEV IgG- subjects (63% vs. 70%; P = 0.018).Acute HEV infection is very rare in adult Americans with ALF (i.e., 0.4%) and could not be implicated in any indeterminate, autoimmune, or pregnancy-related ALF cases. Past exposure to HEV with detectable anti-HEV IgG was significantly more common in the ALF patients compared to the general U.S.(Hepatology 2016;64:1870-1880).
Repurposing Sunitinib with Oncolytic Reovirus as a Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategy for Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Keith A. Lawson, Ahmed A. Mostafa, Zhong Qiao Shi, Jason Spurrell, Wenqian Chen, Jun Kawakami, Kathy Gratton, Satbir Thakur, Donald G. Morris
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: In addition to their direct cytopathic effects, oncolytic viruses are capable of priming antitumor immune responses. However, strategies to enhance the immunotherapeutic potential of these agents are lacking. Here, we investigated the ability of the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor and first-line metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) agent, sunitinib, to augment the antitumor immune response generated by oncolytic reovirus. Experimental Design: In vitro, oncolysis and chemokine production were assessed in a panel of human and murine RCC cell lines after exposure to reovirus, sunitinib, or their combination. In vivo, the RENCA syngeneic murine model of RCC was employed to determine therapeutic and tumor-specific immune responses after treatment with reovirus (intratumoral), sunitinib, or their combination. Parallel investigations employing the KLN205 syngeneic murine model of lung squamous cell carcinoma (NSCLC) were conducted for further validation. Results: Reovirus-mediated oncolysis and chemokine production was observed following RCC infection. Reovirus monotherapy reduced tumor burden and was capable of generating a systemic adaptive antitumor immune response evidenced by increased numbers of tumor-specific CD8+ IFNγ-producing cells. Coadministration of sunitinib with reovirus further reduced tumor burden resulting in improved survival, decreased accumulation of immune suppressor cells, and the establishment of protective immunity upon tumor rechallenge. Similar results were observed for KLN205 tumor–bearing mice, highlighting the potential broad applicability of this approach. Conclusions: The ability to repurpose sunitinib for augmentation of reovirus' immunotherapeutic efficacy positions this novel combination therapy as an attractive strategy ready for clinical testing against a range of histologies, including RCC and NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5839–50. ©2016 AACR.
The Year Book of Family Practice 1979.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

REVIEWSdiscussed in two separate chapters.Neither of the two complete summaries of the US Dietary Goals is listed in the index.There is no listing for aging or geriatrics even though special issues pertaining to the nutritional status of the elderly are addressed in the chapter on drug-diet interactions and in the one on food assistance programs.These omissions prevent the use of this volume as a reference text.
Depression Predicts All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Mark D. Sullivan, Patrick O’Connor, Patricia Feeney, Don Hire, Debra L. Simmons, Dennis W. Raisch, Lawrence J. Fine, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Mohammad K. Ali, Wayne J. Katon
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Depression affects up to 20-25% of adults with type 2 diabetes and may increase all-cause mortality, but few well-designed studies have examined the effects of depression on the full range of cardiovascular disease outcomes in type 2 diabetes.
The Histogenesis of Rous Sarcoma I Induced by Partially Purified Virus
Authors: L. N. Loomis, A. W. Pratt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article The Histogenesis of Rous Sarcoma I Induced by Partially Purified Virus Get access L. N. Loomis, L. N. Loomis National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. W. Pratt A. W. Pratt National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 17, Issue 2, August 1956, Pages 101–121, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/17.2.101 Published: 01 August 1956 Article history Received: 21 December 1955 Published: 01 August 1956
Clinical “MUTATOME” Of Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Comparison To Primary Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Hideki Makishima, Thomas LaFramboise, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Kenichi Yoshida, Matthew Ruffalo, Inés Gómez-Seguí, Holleh D Husseinzadeh, Yuichi Shiraishi, Masashi Sanada, Yasunobu Nagata, Yusuke Sato, Aiko Sato-Otsubo, Kenichi Chiba, Hiroko Tanaka, Tsuyoshi Nakamaki, Wolf-Karsten Hofmann, Shuichi Miyawaki, Lee-Yung Shih, Shigeru Chiba, Satoru Miyano, Naoko Hosono, Chantana Polprasert, Swapna Thota, Brittney Dienes, Kathryn M Guinta, Yogen Saunthararajah, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Seishi Ogawa, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2013)
The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in thymic lymphomagenesis in Atm-/- mice
Authors: Paul Wong, Xianghong Kuang, Jianjun Shen, Mingshan Yan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- July 20-23, 2008; Monterey, CA

A34 

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in thymic lymphomagenesis in Atm-/- mice     Loss of ATM function leads to the human disease Ataxia Telengiectasia (A-T). One of the major characteristics of A-T is predisposition to lymphoid malignancies. In normal individuals, inactivation of the Atm gene or its gene product, ATM, is also associated with sporadic lymphoid tumors. Apparently, ATM plays a critical role in controlling the development of such tumors, although the mechanisms are still not clear. ATM, in addition to its role in DNA repair, regulates cellular redox status and cell cycling. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), from either endogenous or environmental sources, is termed oxidative stress, leading to DNA damage, genomic instability, cell death and cancer. We have previously demonstrated that during thymic development levels of ROS, DNA synthesis, and the oncoprotein c-Myc are all increased in Atm -/- thymocytes. We hypothesize that the increase in ROS levels contributes to the elevation of DNA synthesis and the increased levels of c-Myc in these cells, because treatment with antioxidants attenuates all three. In this study, we have attempted to determine how ATM/ROS regulate thymocyte development. The evolutionarily conserved checkpoint protein kinase, mTOR, controls proliferation, differentiation, migration, and survival of cells by regulating protein synthesis. Because c-Myc is critical for thymocyte development, we reasoned that mTOR, as a controller of c-Myc, may play an important role in regulating this process. Using 3H-TdR incorporation into DNA, we found that mTOR inhibition by its specific inhibitor rapamycin suppresses thymocyte DNA synthesis both, in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that the mTOR signaling is essential for thymocyte proliferation. In Atm-/- mice, we showed that the downstream molecule of mTOR, 4E-BP1, is highly phosphorylated in their thymocytes, and that mTOR target proteins, c-Myc and cyclin D1, are coordinately increased. These results suggest that ATM may regulate thymocyte development by counteracting mTOR signaling. We further showed that rapamycin attenuates elevation of phospho-4E-BP1 and cyclin D1 in Atm-/- thymocytes, and prevents thymic lymphomagenesis in the animals. Interestingly, H2O2 regulates 4EBP1, S6K and eIF4G phosphorylation in Atm+/+ and Atm-/- thymocytes. Our findings are the first to show the mTOR pathway participates in controlling thymocyte development. We are also the first to show that the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin prevents thymic lymphomagenesis in Atm -/- mice, whose thymocyte development is abnormal. These findings, identifying the mTOR signaling as potential therapeutic targets for treatment of thymic lymphoma in A-T patients, may also shed light on targeting the mTOR pathway as treatment for other cancers.
Children of dialysis patients and selection of dialysis setting
Authors: R W Evans
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors interviewed hemodialysis patients, their families, and medical staff and found that some patients preferred dialysis at a medical facility, which allowed them to appear more "normal" before their children. Patients with more social support involved their children in dialysis at home. The author suggests that social support is of primary importance to the outcome of home dialysis and should be considered by physicians in the assessment of patient's suitability for home dialysis.
Abstract P1-07-26: Marital status and overall mortality in breast cancer patients: Differences by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity
Authors: ME Martinez, K Anderson, R Schwab, S Hurley, AJ Canchola, THM Keegan, I Cheng, C Clarke, S Glaser, SL Gomez
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Results of several studies show that married cancer patients have lower mortality than unmarried patients. However, data on differences by race/ethnicity are lacking. We assessed the risk of overall mortality associated with marital status among patients with breast cancer according to neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity. Methods: We used data from the population-based California Cancer Registry to include breast cancer cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2009 with follow-up through December 31, 2012 and identified 175,154 women with invasive breast cancer. We estimated hazard rate ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall mortality by neighborhood SES and race/ethnicity. Results: Among all cases, 42.6% were unmarried at the time of diagnosis. In adjusted models, the HR for all-cause mortality (95% CI) for unmarried compared to married women was 1.20 (1.17-1.22). There was no significant difference by SES. However, significant variation was observed by race/ethnicity. The HRs (95% CI) were 1.23 (1.20-1.26), 1.20 (1.11-1.30), 1.12 (1.04-1.21), and 1.05 (0.99-1.11) for NH Whites, NH Asians/Pacific Islanders (API), NH Blacks, and Hispanics, respectively. Among API subgroups, Chinese (HR=1.35; 95% CI, 1.12-1.62) and Filipinas (HR=1.25; 95% CI, 1.09-1.44) were the only groups with significantly higher risk of total mortality associated with unmarried status. Conclusions: Our results show that not being married at the time of breast cancer diagnosis is associated with worse overall survival compared to being married. Significant variation in risk of mortality was shown by race/ethnicity but not by neighborhood SES. Targeted, culturally-appropriate interventions to support unmarried breast cancer patients through their cancer treatment and survivorship need to be developed to improve their survival. Citation Format: Martinez ME, Anderson K, Schwab R, Hurley S, Canchola AJ, Keegan THM, Cheng I, Clarke C, Glaser S, Gomez SL. Marital status and overall mortality in breast cancer patients: Differences by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-26.
Expression and function of adhesion molecules on human hematopoietic stem cells: CD34+ LFA-1- cells are more primitive than CD34+ LFA-1+ cells
Authors: Y Gunji, M Nakamura, T Hagiwara, K Hayakawa, H Matsushita, H Osawa, K Nagayoshi, H Nakauchi, M Yanagisawa, Y Miura
Journal: Blood (1992)
Handbook of Operative Surgery.
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Traction with snare during endoscopic submucosal dissection of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor in the gastric fundus
Authors: Mu Lü, Kuang-I Fu, Zhong Wang, Yong Liu, Hong Xia, Ming-Ming Deng
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A clear view is necessary for safe and effective endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) [1]. Recently, the dental floss and endoclip method has been reported to improve visualization of the submucosal layer [2]. However, the dental floss may injure the surrounding tissue by mechanical cutting. Second, the anchorage of the target lesions can sometimes be easily dislodged. Third, conventional endoclips allow only one opportunity to grasp the tissue, and thus a new endoclip would be needed when anchoring was dislodged or inappropriately applied, which would waste time. To overcome these issues, we have designed a novel method, using a snare to help provide traction during ESD of a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in the gastric fundus.
Abstract IA19: Genome-epigenome interplay in medulloblastoma
Authors: Paul Northcott
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The recent application of genomics to large series of primary human medulloblastomas has dramatically improved our perspective of the genes, pathways, and molecular processes underpinning this highly malignant pediatric brain tumor. Transcriptionally defined molecular subgroups have emerged, changing the fundamental definition of medulloblastoma from a single histologically recognized entity, to four distinct subtypes: WNT, SHH, Group3, and Group4. These subgroups exhibit highly discriminatory genomic landscapes, patient demographics, and clinical phenotypes. Next-generation sequencing has identified and implicated recurrently altered somatic drivers, many of which are affected in a subgroup-restricted manner. In contrast, somatic variants affecting chromatin-modifying genes, including histone writers, erasers, and readers are prevalent in medulloblastoma and occur across subgroups, suggesting that deregulation of the epigenome is an essential step during medulloblastoma development. Integrative omics-based strategies have begun to dissect the fascinating genome-epigenome interplay underlying medulloblastoma, revealing previously undisclosed oncogenic mechanisms and drivers of disease. Furthermore, new insights into the biology and putative origins of the poorly understood Group3 and Group4 medulloblastomas have likewise been revealed. This talk will summarize these recent discoveries afforded through genomics and discuss their potential implications, both in the lab and in the clinic, going forward. Citation Format: Paul Northcott. Genome-epigenome interplay in medulloblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research: From Mechanisms and Models to Treatment and Survivorship; 2015 Nov 9-12; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(5 Suppl):Abstract nr IA19.
No TP63 rearrangements in a selected group of primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders with aggressive clinical course
Authors: Anne M. R. Schrader, Yan-Yi Chung, Patty M. Jansen, Karoly Szuhai, Armando N. Bastidas Torres, Cornelis P. Tensen, Rein Willemze
Journal: Blood (2016)
Inhibitory Input from the Lateral Hypothalamus to the Ventral Tegmental Area Disinhibits Dopamine Neurons and Promotes Behavioral Activation
Authors: Edward H. Nieh, Caitlin M. Vander Weele, Gillian A. Matthews, Kara N. Presbrey, Romy Wichmann, Christopher A. Leppla, Ehsan M. Izadmehr, Kay M. Tye
Journal: Neuron (2016)
The Peer Review Process: Education Versus Control
Authors: Donald E. Newman, Lorraine L. Luft
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

With the advent of Professional Standards Review Organizations, mental health professionals are required to monitor and review their practices. The authors suggest that an educational peer review system promoting cooperation among professionals will be of greater utility and more acceptable to clinicians than a bureaucratized system of control, which might tend to foster manipulation. The authors' three years of experience in utilizing a peer review system indicates, however, that it is a very powerful and delicate process, particularly as it identifies substandard clinical practices. The need for continuing and remedial education can be addressed, but the question remains as to how much authority should be vested in peer review committees. The authors believe that merging the functions of reviewing specific cases and reporting on the competency of therapists may destroy the review process.
Altered lateralization of cognitive processes in depressed women
Authors: E K Silberman, H Weingartner, R Stillman, H J Chen, R M Post
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Eighteen normal men and women had a left hemisphere advantage for processing a verbal task, but depressed women showed a trend toward right hemisphere superiority. In depression the right hemisphere may share functions performed exclusively by the left hemisphere in normal subjects. Altered laterality may be a trait of depression-prone people or a change related to depressive episodes themselves. In the latter case, the right hemisphere may be compensating for relative deactivation of the dominant left hemisphere.
Bicentennial Greetings
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

It was a privilege to participate recently in an Anglo-American bicentennial discussion arranged by the Josiah Macy, Jr., Foundation. The theme was "The University and Medicine," the past, present and tomorrow, and the venue was Leeds Castle, near Maidstone in Kent.The choice of Leeds Castle was appropriate in view of its rather remarkable Anglo-American associations. The long history of this beautifully situated castle dates back to Saxon times, when Leed, Chief Minister to Ethelbert II of Kent, built a wooden castle on two islands on a lake formed by the river Len. After the invasion by William the Conqueror . . .
Criteria for psychiatric hospitalization: experience with a checklist for chart review
Authors: H R Flynn, J E Henisz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors report their experience with a 12-item checklist used to score need for hospitalization. The checklist was filled in and scored by research assistants who reviewed the charts of 100 hospitalized and 50 nonhospitalized patients. A written opinion of a senior clinical consultant was available for hospitalized patients whose charts were rated low in need for hospitalization and for nonhospitalized patients whose charts were rated high. The checklist scores differentiated the two groups of patients. The authors can conclude that the checklist can be a valuable tool in a review process that culminates in review by an experienced clinician.
The Need to Expand Access to Hepatitis C Virus Drugs in the Indian Health Service
Authors: Jessica Leston, Joe Finkbonner
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal