tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-072 Diagnostic yield of mr enterography versus wireless video capsule endoscopy in suspected small bowel paediatric crohn’s disease
Authors: S Subramaniam, J Makanyanga, L Whitley, C Murray, N Shah, T Watson, S McCartney, F Kiparassi
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> MR Enterography (MRE) and wireless vidoe capsule endoscopy (VCE) are both used as diagnostic tools in the evaluation of small bowel paediatric Crohn’s disease (pCD). Both are safe, well tolerated, avoid the use of radiation and have minimal adverse consequences. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic yield of MRE versus VCE in pCD and to establish any differences between findings. <h3>Method</h3> This was a retrospective, observational study based at a tertiary centre. Results of a paediatric database of patients with known or suspected pCD who had both MRE and VCE within 12 months were collated. A total of 41 patients were identified as having had both tests. Information on age, gender, symptoms, diagnosis and relevant findings on MRE and VCE were collected from electronic patient records. <h3>Results</h3> 41 patients were included in this study; 21 female and 20 male. The median age of the patients was 14 years (age range 6 to 21 years). 16/41 patients (39%) had both a normal MRE and VCE, while 11/41 (26.8%) had similarly abnormal findings (small bowel ulceration and inflammation) in a distribution that matched both on MRE and VCE. In the remainder 14 patients (34.2%) there was a difference in the findings reported on MRE when compared to VCE particularly when disease distribution was considered. 7 of the 14 patients (50%) had a normal VCE but early terminal ileitis noted on MRE. Conversely, 2 (14.3%) patients had a normal MRE though proximal small bowel ulceration was reported on VCE. 4 (28.6%) patients had diffuse small bowel ulceration on VCE but MRE revealed just limited ileal disease. Finally, 1 (7.1%) patient had limited ileal ulceration on VCE but more extensive ileal and jejunal inflammation on MRE. <h3>Conclusion</h3> One third of patients undergoing both MRE and VCE had differences in the abnormalities and distribution of small bowel disease. MRE seemed a more sensitive tool for detecting early terminal ileitis while proximal small bowel disease may be more frequently identified through VCE. The use of both modalities in combination will significantly improve the identification of abnormalities in diagnosing small bowel Crohn’s disease and help in treatment escalation decisions in patients with established disease. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
PTH-274 Is local excision alone an appropriate option for good clinical responders after chemoradiation in rectal cancers?
Authors: KC Vallam, R Engineer, A Desouza, P Patil, A Saklani
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Local excision (LE) is emerging as a treatment option for rectal cancers responding well to chemoradiation. However, LE does not address the mesorectal nodal burden. We aimed to identify factors influencing nodal positivity and subsequently defined a good risk group by including only patients at low risk. <h3>Method</h3> Single centre, retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database of radically resected rectal cancer patients post neoadjuvant chemoradiation. <h3>Results</h3> 524 patients with predominantly low rectal tumours were included. Nodal positivity among ypT0, T1 and T2 groups was 14.7%, 28% and 30%,respectively. The following good risk features were identified: age &gt; 40 years,histologic subtype (classical and mucinous variants) and pathological complete response. 69 patients satisfying all 3 criteria were analysed and the nodal positivity was 10.1% which implies that if we had selected these patients for LE, 1 out of 10 patients would have had unaddressed mesorectal nodes <h3>Conclusion</h3> LE cannot be used as a guide to observe patients with complete pathological response as the residual nodal burden will lead to more local recurrences thus impacting survival in an otherwise good prognostic subset. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Metabolic characterization of the natural progression of chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Johannes C. Schoeman, Jun Hou, Amy C. Harms, Rob J. Vreeken, Ruud Berger, Thomas Hankemeier, Andre Boonstra
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

Worldwide, over 350 million people are chronically infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and are at increased risk of developing progressive liver diseases. The confinement of HBV replication to the liver, which also acts as the central hub for metabolic and nutritional regulation, emphasizes the interlinked nature of host metabolism and the disease. Still, the metabolic processes operational during the distinct clinical phases of a chronic HBV infection-immune tolerant, immune active, inactive carrier, and HBeAg-negative hepatitis phases-remains unexplored.To investigate this, we conducted a targeted metabolomics approach on serum to determine the metabolic progression over the clinical phases of chronic HBV infection, using patient samples grouped based on their HBV DNA, alanine aminotransferase, and HBeAg serum levels.Our data illustrate the strength of metabolomics to provide insight into the metabolic dysregulation experienced during chronic HBV. The immune tolerant phase is characterized by the speculated viral hijacking of the glycerol-3-phosphate-NADH shuttle, explaining the reduced glycerophospholipid and increased plasmalogen species, indicating a strong link to HBV replication. The persisting impairment of the choline glycerophospholipids, even during the inactive carrier phase with minimal HBV activity, alludes to possible metabolic imprinting effects. The progression of chronic HBV is associated with increased concentrations of very long chain triglycerides together with citrulline and ornithine, reflective of a dysregulated urea cycle peaking in the HBV envelope antigen-negative phase.The work presented here will aid in future studies to (i) validate and understand the implication of these metabolic changes using a thorough systems biology approach, (ii) monitor and predict disease severity, as well as (iii) determine the therapeutic value of the glycerol-3-phosphate-NADH shuttle.
PTH-187 Treatment of barrett’s early neoplasia (EN) in the UK: results of a survey of gastroenterologists and upper GI surgeons
Authors: JS De Caestecker, C Stokes, H Barr, HL Smart, L Lovat, K Ragunath, P Bhandari, S Budihal
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Oesophagectomy (S) and endoscopic treatment (ET – endoscopic resection [ER] &amp;/or ablation) for Barrett's Early Neoplasia (EN) are both established options but have never been directly compared. <h3>Method</h3> An e mail questionnaire was sent to consultant upper GI surgeon AUGIS members and UK BOSS trial PIs to establish attitudes towards S and ET and explore feasibility of a trial to compare them. A number of clinical scenarios were presented. <h3>Results</h3> There were 70 responses (29 surgeons, 40 physicians, 1 not stated). In response to the question 'How should Barrett's EN be treated?' most (52%) felt there was a role for both S and ET, with 3% favouring S and 45% ET. Most (86%) felt it depended on the scenario: some centres routinely discuss surgery as an option. Several scenarios were presented. For HGD patients unfit for S, 49% felt patients should have ET, 2% surveillance, 49% gave 2 or 3 options including 24% no treatment. In a patient fit for S 83% felt ET was the treatment of choice if unifocal (after staging ER if visible abnormality) but 17% opted for S, especially in young patients. For multifocal HGD, 44% favoured S (an additional 13% after staging ET) and 43% ET. Scenarios relating to T1 tumours fit for surgery were presented: for 91%, choice of treatment depended on histology of staging ER. 97% favoured ET (3% S) for T1a (m<sup>1</sup>–3). Several commented on importance of tumour differentiation and lymphovascular invasion for decision. For T1b (sm1), 39% favoured S, 12% ET, 49% unsure (several commented that patient preference and age were important factors). 76% believed that an RCT comparing S to ET is needed to inform future practice, but among dissenters were comments: 'difficulty in blinding/numbers needed', 'too late as endoscopy already established and observational data convincing', 'unethical for trial'. 70% thought such a trial might be possible in the UK. In terms of what types of patients respondents might be prepared to offer entry into such a trial, patients with multifocal HGD, T1a (m<sup>1</sup>–3) or T1sm1 tumours had the highest support for inclusion, while patients with flat/ unifocal HGD had the least. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This snapshot of UK current opinion and practice shows that for patients with HGD (if unifocal) and T1a cancers with histologically good prognostic features ET is preferred by most respondents. Most disagreement was for patients with multifocal HGD and T1b (sm1) cancers. Both these and T1a cancers were the most strongly supported for an RCT comparing S and ET. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Hyponatremia normalization as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line therapy
Authors: M. Caramanti, R. Berardi, M. Santoni, T. Newsom-Davis, S. Rinaldi, A. Savini, M. Tiberi, F. Morgese, M. Torniai, I. Fiordoliva, V. Paolucci, M. Pistelli, A. Onofri, M. Bower, S. Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Addendum: Resequencing of 31 wild and cultivated soybean genomes identifies patterns of genetic diversity and selection
Authors: Hon-Ming Lam, Xun Xu, Xin Liu, Wenbin Chen, Guohua Yang, Fuk-Ling Wong, Man-Wah Li, Weiming He, Nan Qin, Bo Wang, Jun Li, Min Jian, Jian Wang, Guihua Shao, Jun Wang, Samuel Sai-Ming Sun, Gengyun Zhang
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
PTH-121 Transarterial chemoembolisation at king’s – a comparison of conventional tace vs tace with beads in clinical practice
Authors: A Pennycuick, M McPhail, A Considine, J O’Grady, N. Heaton, A Suddle
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Trans-arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is a well established treatment modality for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recently our standard of care has changed from conventional doxyrubicin TACE (cTACE) to TACE using doxyrubicin eluting beads (TACE-DEB). Evidence has shown equivalent efficacy with reduced side effects. We analysed TACE procedures during this transition to determine impact on clinical outcomes. <h3>Method</h3> We reviewed the records of 152 TACE procedures performed between April 2013 and January 2014 from our electronic patient record. Demographic, treatment, length of stay and mortality data were collated and analysed for length of stay and subsequent mortality. Multivariate analysis was performed using a Cox model. <h3>Results</h3> We analysed data from 152 TACE procedures (92 cTACE, 60 TACE-DEB) performed on 109 patients between April 2013 and January 2014. The groups were matched in terms of age, sex, aetiology of underlying liver disease and baseline biochemistry. Length of stay was significantly less with TACE-DEB (mean 2.33 days, SD 1.03) compared to cTACE (mean 2.56 days, SD 1.04); p = 0.045. There was no difference in mortality (p = 0.75). Increased mortality was associated with baseline Child-Pugh score (p = 0.019), MELD (p = 0.008), albumin (p = 0.008), ALP (p = 0.046) and neutrophil count (p = 0.029). Mortality was significantly higher if baseline bilirubin &gt; 30 (p = 0.007), creatinine &gt; 100 (p = 0.0297) or albumin &lt; 30 (p = 0.008). On multivariate analysis only albumin was an independent predictor of mortality (p = 0.027). <h3>Conclusion</h3> TACE-DEB significantly reduced length of stay compared to cTACE in our cohort. Low albumin was the best independent predictor of mortality and is independent of TACE modality. These data help inform relative contraindications for this procedure. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Changes in age specific immunity to diphtheria in Poland in the past 40 years
Authors: A Zakrzewska, A Galazka, D Rymkiewicz
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1997)

In recent years people in Poland have acquired diphtheria from eastern neighbours. It was considered important therefore to study the age specific immunity against diphtheria and to compare it with the results of seroepidemiological studies conducted in t
The role of amifostine in prophylaxis of radiotherapy induced mucositis and xerostomia in head and neck cancer
Authors: N. Patni, S. Patni, A. Bapna, N. Somani, A. Gupta, B. V. Ratnam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5568 Background: To evaluate the use of amifostine prophylactically in radiochemotherapy induced acute mucositis and xerostomia in patients with head and neck carcinoma. Methods: One hundred and seventy patients of head and neck carcinoma were randomized to receive radiochemotherapy with or without amifostine. All the patients were suffering from locally advanced malignancy. A total of 66–72 gy was delivered conventionally with 40 mg/m2 weekly cisplatin. Amifostine 250mg was infused 10 min. prior to RT for four days a week to the patients in study group. Parotid scintigraphy was done before starting the treatment and at 3,6,12 and 24 months after completion of treatment. Mucositis and xerostomia were evaluated using RTOG criteria. Disease control was assessed at each follow up for two years. Results: The control group experienced an earlier onset of mucositis than the study group. By the end of 2nd week 74/85 control patients experienced grade II mucositis while similar toxicity was observed in 64/85 in the study group (p=0.05). All the patients had grade 3 or 4 mucositis in the control group whereas such severity was seen in 75/85 patients in the control group (p<0.001). The post radiation recovery of mucositis was faster in study group. By the end of 5 weeks of completion of radiation therapy 73/85 and 64/85 had no mucositis in the study and control group respectively (p<0.001). At 3 months follow up xerostomia grade 2 or more was found in 42/85 in control group compared with 32/85 in study group (p=0.017). By the end of 12 months of treatment in study group 37/85 experienced grade 1 or no xerostomia as compared to 59/85 in the control groups (p=0.002). However, treatment result remained unaffected in the amifostine groups. There were 49/85 disease free patients in control group compared with 52/85 in the study group (p=0.987). Conclusions: Amifostine was effective in reducing the severity and it delayed the onset of mucositis, a side effect with concurrent radiochemotherapy in head and neck carcinoma. It also decreased the severity of delayed xerostomia. Amifostine does not alter the response or the survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of Microinjected Catalytic Fragment of Protein Kinase C on Morphological Change in Swiss 3T3 Cells
Authors: H Nakakuma, M C Willingham, P M Blumberg
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

Although phorbol esters can enhance formation of an active, catalytic domain of protein kinase C (PKC) in intact cells, little is known about the actual importance of the proteolytic pathway in mediating cellular responses to the phorbol esters or other PKC activators. To explore this issue, we examined the effect of microinjected catalytic fragment of PKC on Swiss 3T3 cell morphology. In contrast to the dramatic, rapid response upon phorbol ester treatment, catalytic fragment microinjected in the presence of bovine serum albumin or normal goat immunoglobulin G as carrier protein had no effect. A morphological response similar but not identical to the effect of phorbol ester treatment was obtained, however, if catalytic fragment was microinjected in the presence of normal rabbit immunoglobulin G rather than the usual carrier proteins. The normal rabbit immunoglobulin by itself was inactive. Although the mechanism remains undefined, normal rabbit immunoglobulin but not other carrier proteins modulated PKC activity in vitro. We conclude that the generation of free catalytic fragment of PKC cannot account for the morphological response of Swiss 3T3 cells to the phorbol esters; secondary factors may, however, potentiate its action.
WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME
Authors: P A A WETERINGS
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of potential molecular targets for Imatinib mesylate induced growth inhibition in breast cancer cell lines
Authors: N. Maass, C. Mundhenke, S. R. Schmidt, M. Weigel, I. Meinhold-Heerlein, C. Schem, D. O. Bauerschlag, F. Hilpert, W. Jonat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3203 Background: In CML Imatinib mesylate is known to reduce cell growth by blocking the pathognomonic brc-abl oncoprotein. In several solid tumors Imatinib inhibits cell-growth by blocking signaling via tyrosinkinase receptors like PDGF-R and c-kit. In this study we investigate whether these receptors and their ligands are expressed on reference breast cancer cell lines and if Imatinib shows specific activity. Methods: MCF-7, MD AMB 231, ZR 75–1 and T 47-D cell lines are screened by PCR for PDGF-R-α/-β and c-kit expression and expression of their growth factors (ligands) PDGF-A, PDGF-B and SCF. Cancer cell growth is studied after stimulation with PDGF-A, PDGF-B and SCF and incubation with and without Imatinib (for 5 to 10 days). Imatinib is used in an IC 50 concentration, which has been determined previously. Results: All cell lines uniformly express PDGF-A, PDGF-B and PDGF-R-β. All cell lines but MCF-7 express PDGFR-α. C-kit and SCF are found in MCF-7, but are not expressed by MDA MB 231. ZR 75–1 is positive for c-kit only, T 47-D for SCF only. Imatinib inhibits growth of all cell lines, but strongly of MCF-7 and MDAMB 231. MCF-7 and ZR-75–1 cells stimulated by growth factors PDGF-A/-B and SCF show a reduced growth inhibition by Imatinib compared to the non-stimulated control cells. Without Imatinib incubation growth factor stimulated and non-stimulated cells show similar growth patterns. The ZR 75–1 cell line (SCF-negative and c-kit- positive) is strongly inhibited by Imatinib when cells are stimulated by external SCF. In MCF-7 cells, which are positive for receptor and ligand inhibition is weak. Conclusions: Examined breast cancer cell lines express tyrosinkinase receptors, which can serve as specific targets for Imatinib induced cell inhibition. A reduced cell growth appears to be a result of a inhibition of growth factors by Imatinib. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis
Quantitative analysis of regional wall motion and thickening by quantitative gated SPECT: comparison with visual analysis.
Authors: MASANORI KONNO, KOICHI MORITA, ITARU ADACHI, YOSHINORI ITO, TETSURO KOHYA, AKIRA KITABATAKE, ERIKO TSUKAMOTO, NAGARA TAMAKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose Electrocardiograph-gated myocardial SPECT permits a quantitative assessment of global and regional functions by quantitative gated SPECT software. To validate quantitative indexes of wall motion and wall thickening, the authors compared these indexes with visual scores. Materials and Methods Gated myocardial SPECT was performed 60 minutes after the administration of Tc-99m sestamibi at rest in 42 patients with coronary artery disease. Regional wall motion (measured in millimeters and wall thickening (expressed as a percentage) were calculated by quantitative gated SPECT software in nine left ventricular myocardial segments and the results were compared with the five-point visual score interpretations of cinematic display. Results A high correlation of wall motion was observed between the quantitative and visual analyses (r = 0.810;P < 0.001). In addition, a high but somewhat less significant correlation of wall thickening was observed between the quantitative and visual analyses (r = 0.606;P < 0.001). Conclusions In conclusion, regional wall motion and wall thickening can be evaluated quantitatively by electrocardiograph-gated myocardial SPECT and quantitative gated SPECT software. This will be useful for functional assessments made with various interventions.
THU0351 Current Smoking is a Risk Factor for Giant Cell Arteritis in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: K. Albrecht, D. Huscher, M. Aringer, S. Bischoff, G. Hoese, W. Ochs, K. Thiele, A. Zink
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) can present alone or with concomitant giant cell arteritis (GCA). They are closely related but implicate different treatment intensity. While PMR is diagnosed clinically, GCA should be confirmed with biopsy or vascular imaging. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare patient characteristics, clinical values and treatment of patients with PMR and GCA. <h3>Methods</h3> Between 2007 and 2013, a total of 1,092 patients with diagnosis of PMR and a disease duration &lt;2 years were recorded in the National Database of the German Collaborative Arthritis Centres. Patients with PMR (ICD-10 M35.3) were compared to patients with GCA in PMR (M31.5) with regard to patient characteristics (age, sex, smoking, BMI, education, comorbidities), markers of inflammation (ESR, CRP), and therapy. Patients aged &lt;50 years (n=8) and with additional inflammatory rheumatic diseases (n=118) were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 966 patients with PMR were available for analysis. 820 patients were diagnosed with PMR and 146 patients with GCA. Mean age was 70 years in both groups, mean disease duration 8 vs. 7 months for PMR and GCA, respectively. Patients with GCA were more often female (69% vs. 61%) and more frequently current smokers (21.9% vs. 10.2%). The level of education was similar, as were BMI (26.6 vs. 25.8) and comorbid conditions. 90% of all patients were treated with glucococorticoids. The average dose during the past 6 months was 19.4 mg/d (GCA) vs. 9.2 mg/d. 30% (GCA) vs. 18% were treated additionally with synthetic DMARDs, methotrexate being the most frequently used substance. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, current smoking remained associated with an increased risk of having GCA (OR=2.8, p=0.005), dominating gender, which was not selected due to its high association with smoking status (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Compared to PMR alone, patients with GCA present with a higher disease activity and a substantially higher need of immunosuppressive therapy. The association of GCA with current smoking is an additional argument for counselling patients to quit smoking if diagnosed with PMR. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The database was funded by the German Federal Minister of Research from 1999 to 2007 (grant #01 GI 0344/3). Since 2007, the Working Group of the regional corporate arthritis centers and a consortium of pharmaceutical companies has been funding the National Database by an unconditional grant to the German Rheumatological Society. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared