Nivolumab for Refractory Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report
Authors: Holger Hebart, Peter Lang, Wilhelm Woessmann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Letters18 October 2016Nivolumab for Refractory Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma: A Case ReportHolger Hebart, MD, Peter Lang, MD, and Wilhelm Woessmann, MDHolger Hebart, MDFrom Stauferklinikum Schwaeb. Gmuend, Mutlangen, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., Peter Lang, MDFrom Stauferklinikum Schwaeb. Gmuend, Mutlangen, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany., and Wilhelm Woessmann, MDFrom Stauferklinikum Schwaeb. Gmuend, Mutlangen, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L16-0037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Background: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma consisting of T cells. Patients with the systemic form of this cancer are divided into 2 groups, depending on whether an abnormal form of a cellular surface protein called anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is present. Many of these patients have a chromosome translocation that fuses part of the nucleophosmin (NPM) gene on chromosome 5 with part of the ALK gene on chromosome 2. This combination induces expression of the ligand for the programmed death-1 cell receptor, which is believed to suppress the immune system and allow the ...References1. Mussolin L, Damm-Welk C, Pillon M, Zimmermann M, Franceschetto G, Pulford K, et al. Use of minimal disseminated disease and immunity to NPM-ALK antigen to stratify ALK-positive ALCL patients with different prognosis. Leukemia. 2013;27:416-22. [PMID: 22907048] doi:10.1038/leu.2012.205 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Marzec M, Zhang Q, Goradia A, Raghunath PN, Liu X, Paessler M, et al. Oncogenic kinase NPM/ALK induces through STAT3 expression of immunosuppressive protein CD274 (PD-L1, B7-H1). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008;105:20852-7. [PMID: 19088198] doi:10.1073/pnas.0810958105 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Ansell SM, Lesokhin AM, Borrello I, Halwani A, Scott EC, Gutierrez M, et al. PD-1 blockade with nivolumab in relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:311-9. [PMID: 25482239] doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1411087 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Damm-Welk C, Busch K, Burkhardt B, Schieferstein J, Viehmann S, Oschlies I, et al. Prognostic significance of circulating tumor cells in bone marrow or peripheral blood as detected by qualitative and quantitative PCR in pediatric NPM-ALK-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. Blood. 2007;110:670-7. [PMID: 17392503] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Amin AD, Rajan SS, Liang WS, Pongtornpipat P, Groysman MJ, Tapia EO, et al. Evidence suggesting that discontinuous dosing of ALK kinase inhibitors may prolong control of ALK+ tumors. Cancer Res. 2015;75:2916-27. [PMID: 26018086] doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-3437 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Stauferklinikum Schwaeb. Gmuend, Mutlangen, Germany; Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany; and Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=L16-0037. 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