tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Pitfall of C-11 Methionine PET
Authors: Yae Harada, Kenji Hirata, Hiroyuki Kobayashi, Reiko Usui, Tohru Shiga, Satoshi Terae, Hiroki Shirato, Nagara Tamaki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 31-year-old woman presenting with tonic seizures was radiologically investigated using CT, MR imaging, and positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and C-11 methionine (MET). Initial CT, C-11 MET PET, and F-18 FDG PET suggested a low-grade tumor such as oligodendroglial tumor. However, MR imaging findings strongly suggested venous infarction. We chose observation rather than surgical intervention. Two months later, self-regression of the lesion confirmed the diagnosis of venous infarction. Therefore, to avoid unnecessary invasive operations, we should keep in mind that high C-11 MET accumulation does not always signify a tumoral lesion but is sometimes the result of vascular pathology.
Pattern of p53 Gene Mutations in Breast Cancers of Women of the Midwestern United States
Authors: S. S. Sommer, J. Cunningham, R. M. McGovern, S. Saitoh, J. J. Schroeder, L. E. Wold, J. S. Kovach
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Pattern of p53 Gene Mutations in Breast Cancers of Women of the Midwestern United States Get access Steve S. Sommer, Steve S. Sommer Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julie Cunningham, Julie Cunningham Department of Oncology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Renee M. McGovern, Renee M. McGovern Department of Oncology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Soh Saitoh, Soh Saitoh Department of Oncology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jennifer J. Schroeder, Jennifer J. Schroeder Department of Oncology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lester E. Wold, Lester E. Wold Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John S. Kovach John S. Kovach * Department of Oncology, Mayo FoundationRochester, Minn. * Correspondence to: John S. Kovach, M.D., Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St., Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 4, 19 February 1992, Pages 246–252, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.4.246 Published: 19 February 1992 Article history Received: 23 September 1991 Accepted: 05 December 1991 Published: 19 February 1992
P06.12 * ROBOTIC STEREOTACTIC HYPOFRACTIONATED RADIOTHERAPY IN MENINGIOMAS
Authors: B. Sahin, B. Atalar, G. Ayd n, G. Gungor, B. Yap c , E. Ozyar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

PURPOSE: Robotic stereotactic hypofractionated radiotherapy (SRT) become an important modality in the treatment of cranial meningiomas. In this study, we analysed the treatment parameters and outcomes of our cranial meningioma patients treated with SRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 2009 and 2013, 103 cranial meningioma lesions of 93 patients were treated with CyberKnife (Accuray®) Stereotactic Radiosurgery Unit. 42 patients (45%) received SRT as primary modality, and 51 patients ( 55 %) received postoperatively. Six patients have treated with external beam radiotherapy. Of the 103 cases, 69 of the lesions were located basally, 34 of them nonbasally. The most common symptoms in patients with basal tumours (38 patients, 58%) was detoriation in the visual field and the restriction of the eye movements and in patients with non-basal tumours (8 patients, 26%) was headache. In 33 patients (32%) tumours were located just adjacent to the optic apparatus or brain stem, 27 of them (26%) were located close (<1cm) to the optic apparatus or brain stem. SRT dose and fractionation were determined according to tumor localization. Optical apparatus and brainstem maximum point dose constraints for one fraction were 10 Gy and 14 Gy; 25 Gy and 30 Gy were for 5 fractions. RESULTS: The median age was 44 (16-81). The female to male ratio was 73/20 (3.6/1). Median follow-up was 10 months (1-37 months). The median dose was 2500cGy (1500 - 3000 cGy). The median number of fraction was 5 (1-5 fractions) fraction. GTV volume ranged between 0.66 cm3 and 80.6 cm3 (Median 12.4 cm3). Median conformity index was 1.4 (1.06 to 2.03) and the median homogeneity index was 1.25 (1.09 to 1.56). Among the patients with follow up, local control rate was 98%. Only one patient with parasagittal meningioma underwent decompressive surgery due to radiation induced edema. All other side effects were either grade I or II. The most common side effect was headache associated with brain edema in 10 patients (11%). CONCLUSION: Hypofractionated SRT is an effective treatment method in patients with cranial meningiomas with excellent rate of local control and minimal side effects.
Serum Placental Lactogen (HPL) Levels as an Index of Placental Function
Authors: Badri N. Saxena, Kendall Emerson, Herbert A. Selenkow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

A rapid and reproducible radioimmunoassay for serum placental lactogen (HPL) has been developed that permits the endocrine function of the placenta to be quantitated and the progress of gestation followed. Normal levels in the third trimester (over 32 weeks) are 6.8±2.1 μg per milliliter. There is a highly significant correlation between HPL levels and placental weight. The rate and direction of changes in HPL levels in maternal serum appears to be a sensitive indicator of placental function. High levels were noted in diabetic pregnancies, and low levels with placental insufficiency. The relatively large quantities of HPL present, its autonomous production by the placenta and its short half-life combine to make its measurement of practical value in the management of high-risk pregnancies.
Abstract 967: N-Myc interactor, a novel regulator of EMT
Authors: Daniel J. Devine, Joel Andrews, Jack Rostas, Lalita A. Shevde, Rajeev S. Samant
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Dissemination of tumor cells and subsequent colonization at distant sites is the most lethal event in cancer progression. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has recently been recognized as a foremost phenomenon underlying such events. Because of the importance of EMT, it is vital to understand what triggers it, as well as the mechanisms by which it is regulated. We have shown that N-myc interactor (NMI) plays a role in restricting malignant activities of cancerous cell lines in vivo and in vitro. This study describes a novel function of NMI in reducing the mesenchymal phenotype of breast cancer cell lines. Constitutive expression of NMI in the mesenchymal cell line MDA-MB-435, showed remarkable morphologic transition towards an epithelial appearance, accompanied by reduction or loss of several mesenchymal markers such as TWIST, MMP2, SNAI2 and ZEB1 and gain of epithelial markers such as E-cadherin and Keratin 18. Conversely, silencing NMI from immortalized breast epithelial line MCF10A, renders the cells more mesenchymal in appearance. Studies using a variety of additional cell lines consistently revealed that silencing of NMI expression coincided with increased expression of both ZEB1 and SNAI2, while NMI overexpression brought about decreased expression of ZEB1 and SNAI2. Assessment of NMI in breast cancer specimens revealed a significant loss of NMI transcript with increasing grade of breast cancer. Thus, overall, our data strongly suggests that loss of NMI may be a key event allowing increased expression of EMT-inducing transcription factors that drive EMT-dependent malignant progression. Acknowledgement: We acknowledge grant support from the NCI: 1R01CA140472 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 967. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-967
Case 25-2014
Authors: Elizabeth L. Hohmann, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Vikram Deshpande
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 37-year-old man with ulcerative colitis was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal cramping, diarrhea, hematochezia, fever to a peak temperature of 38.8 °C, and drenching night sweats. Several weeks earlier, he had performed home fecal transplantation.
Accuracy of tumour depth in superficial oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma using high resolution conventional endoscopy, magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging and high frequency endoscopic ultrasonography: a comparative and prospective trial
Authors: KI Goda, H Tajiri, M Ikegami, H Imazu, M Kato, T Nakayoshi, Y Uchiyama, K Sumiyama, S Saito, M Kaise, S Omar
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and aims: Superficial oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC) is defined as carcinoma in which infiltration is confined to the mucosa or the submucosa. The invasion depth is a very important factor for determining the treatment strategy of SESCC. In this prospective trial, we compared pretreatment diagnostic accuracy of invasion depth by high resolution conventional endoscopy (HR-CE) with magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging (MENBI) and high frequency endoscopic ultrasonography (HF-EUS: 20MHz miniprobe). Method: A total of 67 patients with 94 SESCC lesions, resected either by EMR or surgical resection, were enrolled into this study. All 67 patients underwent HR-CE, MENBI and HF-EUS. The tumour depth was estimated prospectively up to two (m (n=77) / sm (n=16)) or three layers in all 94 lesions. The 3 layers of tumour depth, divided into m1–2 (n=39) / m3-sm1 (n=19) / sm2–3 (n=9), were adopted in 67 of 94 lesions when muscularis mucosae could be visualized by HF-EUS. Results of the examinations were correlated with the histology of resected specimens. Result: Overall accuracy rates for the HR-CE, MENBI and HF-EUS were 89%, 96% and 91% respectively in all 94 lesions when invasion depth was divided into m and sm. In 67 of 94 lesions where invasion depth was divided into m1–2, m3-sm1 and sm2–3, overall accuracy rates for the HR-CE, MENBI and HF-EUS were 76%, 76% and 86% respectively. Statistical analyses of both depth divisions showed overall accuracy rates were highest in MENBI as compared with HR-CE and HF-EUS, although the differences were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Results of this study suggested that MENBI was more accurate for evaluating invasion depth of SESCC as compared to either HR-CE or HF-EUS. Dedicated endosonography should be performed for SESCC in addition to HR-CE and MENBI to determine for the presence of any lymph node metastasis.
FRI0213 Changes in anti-ccp antibody (ACPA) due to tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment and predicting rapid radiographic progression (RRP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA):actor study
Authors: A. Sagawa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> ACPA has been reported to exacerbate inflammation, activate osteoclasts, and stimulate bone resorption<sup>1)</sup>. At least thus far ACPA has been no more than a diagnostic marker, and its potential for use in treatment monitoring has not been considered. There has also been almost no research on this point with TCZ, a unique drug which inhibits IL-6. <h3>Objectives</h3> Changes in ACPA during TCZ treatment and whether those changes can predict RRP were examined prospectively in RA patients with inadequate response to existing treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> The subjects were patients diagnosed with RA by the 1987 classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). The enrollment period was for 2 years from May 2008, and the observation period was 52 weeks. TCZ 8 mg/kg was administered at 4-week intervals. Anti-CCP antibody was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) at each TCZ administration. Disease activity was assessed using DAS28-ESR and CDAI. The inhibitory effect on joint destruction was assessed by the correlation of the rate of change in ACPA after 4 weeks and 12 weeks of TCZ administration and RRP [Δmodified Total Sharp Score(mTSS) &gt;3] after 1 year. The chi-squared test and the Wilcoxon test were used for the statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-eight patients were enrolled. The subjects of analysis who could be evaluated before and after administration were 44 patients for ACPA measurement and 39 patients for inhibitory effect on joint destruction. Median [IQR] ACPA levels after 1 year decreased from 91 [26-373] to 50 [12-194] (P&lt;0.05, Fig 1). No correlation of ACPA changes with changes DAS28-ESR or CDAI was observed. After 1 year, ΔmTSS/y improved from 12.3 to -0.1. RRP was observed in 4 patients. When the RRP group and non-RRP group were compared, the mean change in ACPA after 4 weeks was a 2% decrease in the RRP group, but it was a 16% decrease in non-RRP group (P=0.09, Fig2). <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> It was confirmed that ACPA significantly decreased after 52 weeks due to TCZ treatment. This was the first time that such a decrease was reported from treatment for the inhibition of IL-6. Since the rate of change in ACPA after 4 weeks tended to be low in the RRP group, it is possible that RRP after 52 weeks can be predicted. <h3>References</h3> J Clin Invest. 2012; 122(5):1791-802. <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: None Declared
Changing Susceptibility of Meningococci to Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Theodore C. Eickhoff, Maxwell Finland, Clare Wilcox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

MENINGOCOCCAL infections have been a relatively minor cause of morbidity and mortality during the past decade when compared with other major infectious diseases. In certain segments of the population, however, particularly in children under five years of age1 and in military recruits, meningococcal disease is still a problem of deep concern.Before and during World War II sulfadiazine was recognized as an effective chemotherapeutic agent in meningococcal meningitis and also as highly effective in chemoprophylaxis.2 3 4 This relatively satisfactory state continued until early 1963, when an outbreak of meningitis, during which there were several deaths and which was shown to be . . .
Abstract P1-14-05: Predicting Brain Metastasis in Breast Cancer Patients: Who Is at Highest Risk?
Authors: V Siripurapu, K Ruth, M Cristofanilli, BL Egleston, ER Sigurdson, GM Freedman, LJ Goldstein, RJ. Bleicher
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The development of brain metastases (BrM) in women with breast cancer is associated with more advanced stage at presentation (Atahan 2008), although predicting who is at greatest risk remains difficult. This study aims to determine the characteristics of those at highest risk for BrM, and characterize treatment prior to their development. Methods: A prospective database containing 4,169 breast cancer patients (pts) was retrospectively reviewed for those developing BrM between 1997 and 2007. Demographic and prognostic variables were reviewed. Controls without BrM were matched for T stage, N stage and ER status, with 2 matched controls for 44 BrM pts. Results: Forty-nine patients (1.2%) developed BrM, among whom 6 were evident at initial presentation. BrM pts overall were diagnosed at a median age of 57 y with pathologic stages I and II accounting for 33% of cases at initial presentation. Pts developed BrM at a median of 19.7 mos after diagnosis. T1/T2 tumors were present in 65% of overall cases. 21 (43%) were ER/PR negative. Among 24 sites of distant disease evident prior to BrM were 16 (66%) bone and 6 (25%) lung metastases. Univariate BrM predictors included evidence of prior non-brain metastases (p=0.0004), high nuclear grade (p=0.002), PR-negativity (p=0.005), and inflammatory breast cancer (IBC, p=0.04). Family history of breast cancer approached significance (p=0.053). On multivariable analysis for predictors, prior non-brain metastases (p=0.001), high nuclear grade (p=0.006), and IBC (p=0.01) remained significant predictors. Despite adjustment for T and N stage, univariate treatments associated with, but given prior to BrM development, were use of radiotherapy (p=0.002), chemotherapy (p=0.009), and mastectomy (vs lumpectomy, p=0.03; vs no operation, p=0.0016). The sole treatment associated on multivariable analysis was chemotherapy use (p=0.02). After BrM diagnosis, 94% had whole brain radiotherapy, 22% had chemotherapy, and 8% underwent neurosurgery. BrM pts’ median survival was 38.6 mos, while matched controls did not reach median survival in 100 mos of mean follow up. Median time from BrM diagnosis to death was 10.8 mos, with a 5 y survival of 25.6%. Conclusion: The development of BrM is associated with shorter survival in patients with breast cancer. Several clinico-pathologic factors may identify patients at greatest risk of developing BrM, even in the face of more aggressive primary therapy. Such risk factors should be considered when developing early diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for BrM, and when validating any such intervention prospectively. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-14-05.
OP0125 The Role of Microrna-146 in Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: S. Blüml, V. Saferding, A. Puchner, E. GoncalvesAlves, E. Sahin, B. Niederreiter, S. Hayer, G. Schabbauer, M.I. Koenders, J.S. Smolen, K. Redlich
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> MicroRNA (MiR-) 146a is a key regulator of the innate immune response and has also been shown to suppress cancer development in myeloid cells. Elevated expression of miR-146a has been detected in synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients, but its role in the development of inflammatory arthritis is yet unknown. <h3>Methods</h3> We induced K/BxN serum transfer arthritis in wild type and miR-146a<sup>–/–</sup> mice. As a second inflammatory arthritis model we crossed miR-146a deficient into hTNFtg mice. Disease severity was assessed clinically and histologically in both arthritis models. Blood of arthritis animals was analyzed by flow cytometry. Serum cytokine levels were measured by Elisa. <h3>Results</h3> Absence of miR-146a leads to increased clinical signs of the induced serum transfer arthritis. In line, higher serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL12 and TNF were measured in miR146a deficient mice compared to wt mice. When we crossed miR-146a<sup>–/–</sup> mice into hTNFtg mice, while detecting no clinical difference between hTNFtg and miR-146a/hTNFtg mice, we found a significant increase in circulating CD11b<sup>+</sup> myeloid cells as well as CD11c<sup>+</sup> dendritic cells in blood of miR-146a<sup>–/–</sup>/hTNFtg mice compared to hTNFtg mice. Histological examination revealed a significant increase in synovial inflammation miR-146a<sup>–/–</sup>/hTNFtg mice compared to hTNFtg mice. Even more striking, miR-146a<sup>–/–</sup>/hTNFtg mice displayed a more than twofold increase in local bone destruction which was due to increased generation of osteoclasts in the tarsal joints of the mice. Measuring cytokine levels in serum, we show that IL-1β levels are increased in mice lacking miR-146a. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data clearly demonstrate a negative regulatory role of the miR-146a in inflammatory arthritis. During arthritis, miR-146a is centrally involved in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines as well as local bone destruction. These results identify an important anti-inflammatory role of miR-146a, which might possibly be exploited for therapeutic purposes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5455
Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in Evaluating Pancreatic Cystic Lesions. A Single Center Experience
Authors: J Talapaneni, S Puli, S Singh, M Oropeza-vail, M Olyaee
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: Cystic lesions of pancreas are increasingly being recognized with improved and more frequent imaging. However, it is often difficult to differentiate between different cystic lesions of the pancreas despite the various imaging modalities. The purpose of this study is to assess the role of Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS-FNA) to differentiate different cystic lesions of the pancreas. Methods: Results of EUS-FNA of pancreatic cystic lesions done at our institution from October 2003 to October 2005 were reviewed. 22-gauge needle was used to perform EUS- FNA. All the patients received prophylactic antibiotics. Cyst fluid was evaluated for cytology, CEA, lipase and amylase levels. Results: A total of 102 patients identified and analysed. This included 35 males (34.31%) and 67 female (65.69%). EUS-FNA was performed in all the 102 patients. The EUS-FNA results are as shown in the table 1. FNA results which were reported as negative for malignancy (14) are classified as under uncertain diagnosis. Diagnosis was made in 84 patients (82.35%). Only 1 patient had a complication (0.98%) and it was acute pancreatitis.
MODELO DE FORMACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL PARA EL APRENDIZAJE DE LA DISPOSICIÓN DE PRÓTESIS METÁLICAS EN GASTROENTEROLOGÍA
Authors: M Fernández Bermejo, JM Mateos Rodríguez, E Morcillo Martín, FM Sánchez-Margallo, F Soria Gálvez
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: El incremento de las indicaciones de colocación de prótesis metálicas en el tracto digestivo y la posibilidad de que la técnica endoscópica puede realizarse satisfactoriamente en hospitales de distinto nivel, motiva la necesidad de formación en un modelo experimental para disminuir la curva de aprendizaje e iniciarse en la práctica clínica. Objetivo: Descripción y validación de un programa de formación específico para la disposición de prótesis metálicas en aparato digestivo en modelo animal durante el periodo 2009 – 2013. Material y Método: La actividad de formación está estructurado en sesión teórica, seguidas de sesiones prácticas sobre modelo animal porcino de un día de duración. Lo alumnos son distribuidos en dos grupos homogéneos, trabajando en quirófanos independientes, con videoendoscopia y fluoroscopia. Las prótesis son colocadas a nivel esofágico, pilórico e intestinal y biliar (este último en nivel avanzado). La evaluación de resultados se realiza mediante encuesta anónima para las destrezas adquiridas y la utilidad de esta actividad. Resultados: Se han realizado 8 ediciones (66 asistentes). Durante las prácticas (89% del tiempo total de la actividad) cada asistente coloca una media de 7 prótesis y actúa como ayudante en otras 7. El grado de satisfacción de los alumnos fue 9,57 respecto a la organización y 9,73 respecto al personal. Los alumnos valoraron las sesiones teóricas con un 9,44 y 9,7 las prácticas. El 95,5% de los participantes considera que ha avanzado mucho y se ve capacitado para realizar la técnica en su centro de trabajo. El 100% de los asistentes recomendaría la actividad a un compañero. Conclusiones: El programa de formación en modelo animal para la disposición de prótesis metálicas en el tracto digestivo es un sistema consolidado y bien valorado por los alumnos, que supone una herramienta útil para el entrenamiento de la técnica, previa a su realización en el ámbito clínico
Cash for cutting antibiotic use: a novel initiative that needs to be properly thought through
Authors: Jayanta Mukherjee
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The concept of using financial carrots for health promotion is not new. The menace of antibiotic resistance is with us now, so the use of financial rewards to reduce antibiotic prescription merits discussion.1

Antibiotic resistance and Clostridium difficile infections are associated with overuse of broad spectrum antibiotics.2 …