tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improvement of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis by Detecting PSA Glycosylation-Specific Changes
Authors: Esther Llop, Montserrat Ferrer-Batallé, Sílvia Barrabés, Pedro Enrique Guerrero, Manel Ramírez, Radka Saldova, Pauline M. Rudd, Rosa N. Aleixandre, Josep Comet, Rafael de Llorens, Rosa Peracaula
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

New markers based on PSA isoforms have recently been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. However, novel approaches are still required to differentiate aggressive from non-aggressive PCa to improve decision making for patients. PSA glycoforms have been shown to be differentially expressed in PCa. In particular, changes in the extent of core fucosylation and sialylation of PSA N-glycans in PCa patients compared to healthy controls or BPH patients have been reported. The objective of this study was to determine these specific glycan structures in serum PSA to analyze their potential value as markers for discriminating between BPH and PCa of different aggressiveness. In the present work, we have established two methodologies to analyze the core fucosylation and the sialic acid linkage of PSA N-glycans in serum samples from BPH (29) and PCa (44) patients with different degrees of aggressiveness. We detected a significant decrease in the core fucose and an increase in the α2,3-sialic acid percentage of PSA in high-risk PCa that differentiated BPH and low-risk PCa from high-risk PCa patients. In particular, a cut-off value of 0.86 of the PSA core fucose ratio, could distinguish high-risk PCa patients from BPH with 90% sensitivity and 95% specificity, with an AUC of 0.94. In the case of the α2,3-sialic acid percentage of PSA, the cut-off value of 30% discriminated between high-risk PCa and the group of BPH, low-, and intermediate-risk PCa with a sensitivity and specificity of 85.7% and 95.5%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.97. The latter marker exhibited high performance in differentiating between aggressive and non-aggressive PCa and has the potential for translational application in the clinic.
Emergency
Authors: Ronald A. Carson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

On Being a Doctor5 February 2002EmergencyRonald A. Carson, PhDRonald A. Carson, PhDUniversity of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1311Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-3-200202050-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Most mornings I enter the building that houses my office through the back door. And most mornings my mind is elsewhere. I am preoccupied with thoughts of the day ahead—things to accomplish, people to see, meetings to attend, a lecture to give, deadlines to meet.But this morning, as I cross through the trauma center garage where I park my car, on the ground floor beneath the helipad, a man approaches me, disheveled, emaciated, his eyes a little wild, I notice as he nears me, walking straight toward me, quickly. I try to seem nonchalant, but I'm no longer preoccupied ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-1311Corresponding Author: Ronald A. Carson, PhD, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1311. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 February 2002Volume 136, Issue 3Page: 250KeywordsGratitudeHealth careHealth care facilitiesOilsOverweightTheftVisionWalking ePublished: 5 February 2002 Issue Published: 5 February 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A phase II study of DuP 937 (Teloxantrone) in metastatic malignant melanoma: A study of the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group (NCICCTG)
Authors: T. Shore, E. Eisenhauer, I. Quirt, K. Belanger, R. Lohmann, H. Silver, G. Wielgosz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1993)
A Postsynaptic AMPK→p21-Activated Kinase Pathway Drives Fasting-Induced Synaptic Plasticity in AgRP Neurons
Authors: Dong Kong, Yossi Dagon, John N. Campbell, Yikun Guo, Zongfang Yang, Xinchi Yi, Pratik Aryal, Kerry Wellenstein, Barbara B. Kahn, Bernardo L. Sabatini, Bradford B. Lowell
Journal: Neuron (2016)

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays an important role in regulating food intake. The downstream AMPK substrates and neurobiological mechanisms responsible for this, however, are ill defined. Agouti-related peptide (AgRP)-expressing neurons in the arcuate nucleus regulate hunger. Their firing increases with fasting, and once engaged they cause feeding. AgRP neuron activity is regulated by state-dependent synaptic plasticity: fasting increases dendritic spines and excitatory synaptic activity; feeding does the opposite. The signaling mechanisms underlying this, however, are also unknown. Using neuron-specific approaches to measure and manipulate kinase activity specifically within AgRP neurons, we establish that fasting increases AMPK activity in AgRP neurons, that increased AMPK activity in AgRP neurons is both necessary and sufficient for fasting-induced spinogenesis and excitatory synaptic activity, and that the AMPK phosphorylation target mediating this plasticity is p21-activated kinase. This provides a signaling and neurobiological basis for both AMPK regulation of energy balance and AgRP neuron state-dependent plasticity.
Galen's Physiology
Authors: D W Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reply to Cédric Annweiler, Pierre Bigot, and Spyridon N. Karras’ Letter to the Editor re: Jennifer R. Rider, Kathryn M. Wilson, Jennifer A. Sinnott, Rachel S. Kelly, Lorelei A. Muccia, Edward L. Giovannucci. Ejaculation Frequency and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Updated Results with an Additional Decade of Follow-up. Eur Urol 2016;70:974–82
Authors: Jennifer R. Rider, Kathryn M. Wilson, Lorelei A. Mucci, Edward L. Giovannucci
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Expression of CDK7, Cyclin H, and MAT1 Is Elevated in Breast Cancer and Is Prognostic in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Hetal Patel, Rezvan Abduljabbar, Chun-Fui Lai, Manikandan Periyasamy, Alison Harrod, Carolina Gemma, Jennifer H. Steel, Naina Patel, Claudia Busonero, Dena Jerjees, Judit Remenyi, Sally Smith, Jennifer J. Gomm, Luca Magnani, Balázs Győrffy, Louise J. Jones, Frances Fuller-Pace, Sami Shousha, Laki Buluwela, Emad A. Rakha, Ian O. Ellis, R. Charles Coombes, Simak Ali
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: CDK-activating kinase (CAK) is required for the regulation of the cell cycle and is a trimeric complex consisting of cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7), Cyclin H, and the accessory protein, MAT1. CDK7 also plays a critical role in regulating transcription, primarily by phosphorylating RNA polymerase II, as well as transcription factors such as estrogen receptor-α (ER). Deregulation of cell cycle and transcriptional control are general features of tumor cells, highlighting the potential for the use of CDK7 inhibitors as novel cancer therapeutics. Experimental Design: mRNA and protein expression of CDK7 and its essential cofactors cyclin H and MAT1 were evaluated in breast cancer samples to determine if their levels are altered in cancer. Immunohistochemical staining of &amp;gt;900 breast cancers was used to determine the association with clinicopathologic features and patient outcome. Results: We show that expressions of CDK7, cyclin H, and MAT1 are all closely linked at the mRNA and protein level, and their expression is elevated in breast cancer compared with the normal breast tissue. Intriguingly, CDK7 expression was inversely proportional to tumor grade and size, and outcome analysis showed an association between CAK levels and better outcome. Moreover, CDK7 expression was positively associated with ER expression and in particular with phosphorylation of ER at serine 118, a site important for ER transcriptional activity. Conclusions: Expressions of components of the CAK complex, CDK7, MAT1, and Cyclin H are elevated in breast cancer and correlate with ER. Like ER, CDK7 expression is inversely proportional to poor prognostic factors and survival. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5929–38. ©2016 AACR.
LG-66CLINICAL AND TREATMENT FACTORS DETERMINING LONG-TERM OUTCOMES FOR ADULT SURVIVORS OF CHILDHOOD LOW-GRADE GLIOMA: A POPULATION-BASED STUDY
Authors: Nataliya Zhukova, Rahul Krishnatry, Ana S. Guerreiro Stucklin, Jason D. Pole, Matthew Mistry, Iris Fried, Vijay Ramaswamy, Ute Bartels, Annie Huang, Normand Laperriere, Peter Dirks, Paul C. Nathan, Mark Greenberg, David Malkin, Cynthia Hawkins, Pratiti Bandopadhayay, Mark W. Kieran, Peter E. Manley, Eric Bouffet, Uri Tabori
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Assessing the acute inpatient psychiatric needs of the state hospital patient
Authors: P G Cotton, L B Macht
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

Regulators have a major opportunity to enhance the community care of former state hospital patients through their power to authorize additional general hospital psychiatric beds. The authors propose a series of clinical criteria for such regulators based on a review of state hospital admissions. These include provisions for patients who have chronic illness with repeated hospitalizations, who are involuntarily admitted, who have alcoholism, and who are impoverished. Further implications for general hospital units include specific changes in their treatment strategy, their links to facilities for ambulatory patients, and their provisions for staff education and support.
Hypertensive Urgency—Is This a Useful Diagnosis?
Authors: Iona Heath
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Chemoprevention of Mammary Carcinogenesis: A Comparative Review of the Efficacy of a Polyamine Antimetabolite, Retinoids, and Selenium678
Authors: H J Thompson, E J Herbst, L D Meeker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article Chemoprevention of Mammary Carcinogenesis: A Comparative Review of the Efficacy of a Polyamine Antimetabolite, Retinoids, and Selenium Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 77, Issue 3, September 1986, Pages 595–598, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/77.3.595 Published: 01 September 1986 Article history Received: 25 November 1985 Published: 01 September 1986
Diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis.
Authors: R Conde Yagüe, J M Ostolaza Osa, J Moscoso del Prado, J Miro Jornet
Journal: BMJ (1973)

after many years of normal health.In such circumstances a diet containing the normal daily intake of gluten should be given, followed by a biopsy.If only a small amount of gluten is used it may produce mucosal lesions but without symptoms or objective evidence of malabsorption, and there will be difficulty in convincing the doubting patient of the importance of continuing on a strict diet.Patients who abandon dietary treatment completely should be told of the risks.Women should be advised to return to the diet during pregnancy.
Summary of Notifiable Noninfectious Conditions and Disease Outbreaks: Surveillance for Cancer Incidence and Mortality — United States, 2011
Authors: Simple D. Singh, S. Jane Henley, A. Blythe Ryerson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Objectives-This report presents final 2010 data on the 10 leading causes of death in the United States by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.Leading causes of infant, neonatal, and postneo natal death are also presented.This report supplements the Division of Vital Statistics' annual report of final mortality statistics.Methods-Data in this report are based on information from all death certificates filed in the 50 states and the District of Columbia in 2010.Causes of death classified by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) are ranked according to the number of deaths assigned to rankable causes.Cause-of-death sta tistics are based on the underlying cause of death.Results-In 2010, the 10 leading causes of death were, in rank order: Diseases of heart; Malignant neoplasms; Chronic lower respi ratory diseases; Cerebrovascular diseases; Accidents (unintentional injuries); Alzheimer's disease; Diabetes mellitus; Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis; Influenza and pneumonia; and Intentional self-harm (suicide).These 10 causes accounted for 75% of all deaths occurring in the United States.Differences in the rankings are evident by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin.Leading causes of infant death for 2010 were, in rank order: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities; Disorders related to short gestation and low birth weight, not elsewhere classified; Sudden infant death syndrome; Newborn affected by maternal complications of pregnancy; Accidents (unintentional injuries); Newborn affected by complications of placenta, cord and membranes; Bacterial sepsis of newborn; Respi ratory distress of newborn; Diseases of the circulatory system; and Necrotizing enterocolitis of newborn.Important variations in the leading causes of infant death are noted for the neonatal and postneonatal periods.
Emergence of a new community acquired MRSA strain in Germany
Authors: W Witte, C Cuny, B Strommenger, C Braulke, D Heuck
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Analysis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (c-MRSA) from Germany producing the Panton-Valentine leukocidin revealed a unique SmaI-macrorestriction pattern, different from epidemic nosocomial strains. This molecular pattern corresponds to those shown in c-MRSA strains from other countries in the European Union. All isolates exhibited resistance to fusidic acid, which is coded by the far-1 gene. From data on geographical dissemination and time of occurrence, this strain appears to have emerged in Germany in the second half of 2002, and so an already wider dissemination is likely. The emergence of MRSA with resistance to fusidic acid is a first sign of the emergence of a PVL-positive MRSA clone.
Incorporation of molecular data into the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System in treated patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: A Nazha, M Narkhede, T Radivoyevitch, D J Seastone, B J Patel, A T Gerds, S Mukherjee, M Kalaycio, A Advani, B Przychodzen, H E Carraway, J P Maciejewski, M A Sekeres
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
How to minimize the uncertainties of internal target volume in 4DCT scans for stereotactic body radiation therapy of early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Xiaojiang Sun, Xue Bai, Qingren Lin, Weijun Chen, Xiaoyun Di, Weimin Mao, Yaping Xu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e18536 Background: Precise deﬁnition of the target volume is one of crucial factors in the management of early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT). Recent studies have shown that individualized planning margins are required to account for the variability and unpredictability of lung tumor motion. The spatial and temporal information on tumor motion can be derived with respiration-correlated 4DCT scans. In this study, we investigated how these uncertainties may be individually minimized for SBRT of NSCLC. Methods: Twelve patients with early stage NSCLC who were undergoing SBRT were imaged with free-breathing 3-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) and 10-phase 4-dimensional CT (4DCT) for delineating gross tumor volume (GTV)3D and ITV10Phase (ITV2). The maximum intensity projection (MIP) CT was also calculated from 10-phase 4DCT for contouring ITVMIP (ITV1). Then, ITVCOMB (ITV3), and ITV10Phase+GTV3D (ITV4), were generated by combining ITVMIP, ITV0% phase and ITV50% phase, ITV10phase and GTV3D, respectively. All 5 volumes (GTV3D and ITV1 to ITV4) were delineated in the same lung window by the same radiation oncologist. Results: The mean (range) tumor motion (RSI, RAP, RML, and R3D ) were 6 mm (2-11 mm), 3 mm (1-4 mm), 4 mm (0-6 mm), and 7 mm (3-12 mm), respectively. The trend of volume variation was GTV3D < ITV1 < ITV2 < ITV3 ≈ ITV4 . The means ± SDs of these volumes were 10 ± 7 cc, 10 ±8 cc, 12 ± 7 cc, 11 ± 8 cc, and 12 ± 8 cc, respectively. All comparisons between the target volumes showed statistical signiﬁcance ( P<.001), except for ITV3 and ITV4 (P= .732). The volume of the combining ITVMIP, ITV0% phase and , ITV50% phase, could be an effective alternative. Conclusions: Uncertainties in individualized ITVs for SBRT of early stage NSCLC could effectively be minimized by combining information from free-breathing 3DCT and 10-phase 4DCT. If these images cannot be efﬁciently contoured, a combination of ITVMIP, ITV0% phase and ITV50% phase could be an effective alternative.
Are American psychiatric outpatients more depressed than Chinese outpatients?
Authors: J Yamamoto, E K Yeh, F Loya, P Slawson, M L Hurwicz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

It has often been suggested that Americans tend to seek psychiatric help for depression, whereas Chinese patients are more likely to have somatic symptoms of emotional disturbance. When the authors tested this assumption by studying 99 Taiwanese and 97 American psychiatric outpatients given computerized diagnoses based on information obtained in a standard psychiatric interview schedule, they found that the Chinese patients scored higher on the measures of somatization but also on the measures of depression.
Department of Error
Journal: The Lancet (2017)

GBD 2016 SDG Collaborators. Measuring progress and projecting attainment on the basis of past trends of the health-related Sustainable Development Goals in 188 countries: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Lancet 2017; 390: 1423–59—In figure 8B of this Article (published Online First on Sept 12, 2017), the number of indicator targets has been changed from 1 to 9 for Turkmenistan, from 0 to 1 for Afghanistan, and from 1 to 2 for Yemen. Ettore Beghi, Neeraj Bhala, Helene Carabin, Raimundas Lunevicius, Donald H Silberberg, and Caitlyn Steiner have been added to the list of GBD 2016 SDG Collaborators. Their affiliations, along with the affiliation of Soumya Swaminathan, have been added to the Affiliations section. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Sept 18, 2017, and the printed Article is correct.
Show me how you remove small polyps and I’ll tell you who you are
Authors: Jaroslaw Regula, Anna Pietrzak
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Techniques of gastrointestinal endoscopy are not fully standardized. Although recommendations exist they are not always followed for various reasons, and new techniques develop, new ideas occur, and different schools promote their own methods. Furthermore, there are only very few high-quality, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing different endoscopic techniques for defined clinical situations. A good example is a technique for the removal of small polyps (5 – 9 mm); a great degree of “freedom” exists. One may use cold forceps, hot forceps, cold snare, hot snare or even endoscopic mucosal resection. It is usually recommended that polyps of 1 – 3 mm in size are removed using cold biopsy forceps. Polyps of 4 – 5 mm may be removed using cold snare, and for larger polyps (up to 9 mm) a hot snare may be used for pedunculated polyps and a cold snare for flat lesions. The use of hot forceps is generally discouraged. However, many variations and local solutions exist. Other factors that are taken into account before choosing the method of polyp removal include shape, location of the polyp, coagulation status of the patient, and the skill of the endoscopist.
Generating Cell Targeting Aptamers for Nanotheranostics Using Cell-SELEX
Authors: Yifan Lyu, Guang Chen, Dihua Shangguan, Liqin Zhang, Shuo Wan, Yuan Wu, Hui Zhang, Lian Duan, Chao Liu, Mingxu You, Jie Wang, Weihong Tan
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Detecting and understanding changes in cell conditions on the molecular level is of great importance for the accurate diagnosis and timely therapy of diseases. Cell-based SELEX (Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential enrichment), a foundational technology used to generate highly-specific, cell-targeting aptamers, has been increasingly employed in studies of molecular medicine, including biomarker discovery and early diagnosis/targeting therapy of cancer. In this review, we begin with a mechanical description of the cell-SELEX process, covering aptamer selection, identification and identification, and aptamer characterization; following this introduction is a comprehensive discussion of the potential for aptamers as targeting moieties in the construction of various nanotheranostics. Challenges and prospects for cell-SELEX and aptamer-based nanotheranostic are also discussed.