tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FACTORES PRONÓSTICOS DE RECIDIVA EN LA HEMORRAGIA DIGESTIVA ALTA POR LESIÓN DE DIEULAFOY
Authors: Y Jamanca Poma, A Velasco Guardado, A Álvarez Delgado, C Piñero Pérez, R Calderón Begazo, J Umaña Mejía, F Geijo Martínez, A Rodríguez Pérez
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La lesión de Dieulafoy (LD) es una inusual pero importante causa de hemorragia digestiva, con una incidencia de hasta el 6% de los casos de hemorragia digestiva alta no varicosa y el 1–2% de las hemorragias digestivas. LD desde el año 2005 al 2011.
OP0168 Ultrasound Morphostructural Changes in Hyperuricemic Hypertensive Patients Asymptomatic for Gouty Arthritis
Authors: A. E. Musetescu, I. R. Cojocaru-Gofita, M. Florea, F. A. Vreju, A. Rosu, P. Ciurea
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Hyperuricemia has been associated with the development of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus and represents a well recognized risk factor for cardiovascular disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine ultrasonographic (US) changes suggestive of gouty arthritis in the joints and the hyaline cartilage from hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia asymptomatic for gouty arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a cross-sectional, controlled study including US examinations of the first metatarsal-phalangeal joints (first MTPJs) and knees of hypertensive patients hospitalized for monitoring. 72 hypertensive patients with hyperuricemia asymptomatic for gouty arthritis and 68 normouricemic hypertensive patients were included. Ultrasound morphostructural changes followed were: the double contour sign determined by the hyperechoic enhancement of the condrosynovial margin of the hyaline cartilage and the intraarticular tophi, using a MyLab25 Gold scanner (Esaote, Italy), with a multifrequency linear array transducer (10-18MHz). <h3>Results</h3> The double contour sign was found in 43% of the first MTPJs from hyperuricemic hypertensive patients, in contrast to only 6% control group of normouricemic hypertensive patients (p &lt; 0.0001), as well as on the femoral cartilage (25% versus 3%; p &lt; 0.001). Intra-articular tophaceus material was detected in 16 hyperuricemic patients but in none of the normouricemic ones (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These findings demonstrate that ultrasound detected morphostructural changes suggestive of gouty arthritis induced by chronic hyperuricemia frequently occur in hypertensive patients clinically asymptomatic for gouty arthritis, increasing the risk of subsequent development of the articular disease, with activation of inflammation and thus creating a vicious cycle of increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. Monitoring morphostructural changes suggestive of gouty arthritis in this hypertensive population and lowering serum uric acid levels might be beneficial in reducing the risk of further complications from both cardiovascular and arthritis point of view. <h3>References</h3> C. Pineda et al. Joint and tendon subclinical involvement suggestive of gouty arthritis in asymptomatic hyperuricemia: an ultrasound controlled study. Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy 2011, 13:R4 doi:10.1186/ar3223 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Dysmetria of thought: Correlations and conundrums in the relationship between the cerebellum, learning, and cognitive processing
Authors: Jeremy D. Schmahmann
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

This commentary concerns the cerebellar contribution to cognition. It addresses the relevant historical background, elaborates upon the associative and paralimbic incorporation into both feedforward and feedback limbs of the cerebrocerebellar system, and relates this to the newly described cerebellar cognitive-affective syndrome. It then addresses the degree to which available anatomic data support current theories regarding nonmotor learning in the cerebellum, [HOUK et al.; THACH]
Abstract 3175: Detection of hypermethylated vimentin gene in urine of colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Benjamin P. Song, Surbhi Jain, Selena Y. Lin, Timothy M. Block, Dean E. Brenner, Ying-Hsiu Su
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Although the success of cancer treatment often depends on the early detection of cancer, colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is hindered by low compliance rates (40%) of inconvenient, invasive screening tests. Previous studies have demonstrated that urine contains circulation-derived low-molecular-weight (LMW) DNA (&amp;lt;300 bp) and suggested that LMW urine DNA could be used to detect CRC associated genetic alterations. Aberrant hypermethylation of the vimentin gene (mVIM) has been shown to be a potential stool DNA marker for CRC screening. It was of interest to see whether mVIM could be detected in urine of patients with CRC. In this study, we developed a quantitative MethyLight assay targeting a 39 bp DNA template for mVIM. A locked nucleic acid was incorporated at the CpG sites of the reverse primer of the assay to increase the assay sensitivity and specificity for methylated templates. A blinded concordance study between urine and matched CRC tissue was performed. Twenty matched sets of urine and CRC tissue were collected and subjected to DNA isolation. Total urine DNA was further fractionated into both LMW DNA (&amp;lt; 1 kb) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) DNA (&amp;gt;1 kb) fractions. The MethyLight assay was used to quantify the amount of mVIM in each DNA sample. mVIM was detected in 75% (15/20) of the LMW urine DNA fraction, 0% (0/20) of the HMW urine DNA fraction and 85% (17/20) of the CRC tissue DNA. There was a 60% concordance in detecting mVIM between the CRC tissues and their corresponding urine samples. As negative controls, twenty LMW urine DNA fractions from subjects with no known neoplasia were also tested for mVIM and only 10% (2/20) of control samples contained detectable mVIM. mVIM may be a useful part of a urine based genetic biomarker panel for the early detection of CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3175. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3175
P5-10-01: Metabolic Pharmacodynamic Effect Evidenced by 18FDG-PET as a Tool for Early Prediction of Iniparib Efficacy in Metastatic Triple Negative Breast Cancer (MTNBC): A Proof of Concept Study.
Authors: K Kerrou, J Gligorov
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Rationale: It was hypothesised that Iniparib or 4-iodo-3-nitrobenzamide acts as an irreversible inhibitor of PARP1 and possibly other enzymes. It has shown successively promising then confusing results in MTNBC in combination with chemotherapy. To date, its mechanism of action has not been completely elucidated but since 1992, inhibition of glycolysis by iniparib and subsequent necrotic cell death has been described. We hypothesised that early inhibition of glycolysis evidenced by in-vivo imaging with 2-((18)F)Fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-Glucose Positron-Emission Tomography (18FDG-PET) may be a predictor of efficacy to iniparib, as it was previously reported for other anticancer drugs. Objectives: To detect metabolic pharmacodynamic effect of iniparib plus chemotherapy by means of 18FDG PET and proof the concept of its use as an early predicitive tool of Iniparib efficacy in MTNBC. Patients &amp; Methods: From March to November 2011, 8 pts were included in our institution in a randomized phase II study comparing bi-weekly versus weekly iniparib treatement in combination with gemcitanine and carboplatin. All patients had 18FDG-PET at baseline, at day 7 (D7). The maximum value of standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of all measurable metastatic lesions was measured and the median SUVmax was calculated for all patients at baseline and D7. The metabolic response was defined as the percentage of reduction of SUVmax (SUVmax Baseline — SUVmax D7) / SUVmax Baseline and the median SUVmax response was correlated to RECIST 1.1 response at six weeks and to disease-free survival (DFS). Results: The median decrease in SUVmax of evaluable lesions measured at D7 was predictive of RECIST 1.1 response at six weeks and was correlated to the best obtained response during the treatment phase. Furthermore, it showed a linear correlation with DFS (y = −0,0007x - 0,1325; R2 = 0,3402). Conclusion: Metabolic pharmacodynamic effect as evidenced by 18FDG PET as soon as one week of treatement act as an early predicitive tool of Iniparib plus chemotherapy efficacy in MTNBC. Considering the lack of a predicitive biomarker of response and if confirmed on larger study, 18FDG PET could be used as a surrogate predictive biomarker is this setting. These results may be considered as an in-vivo proof of concept for the inhibition of glycolysis by iniparib. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-10-01.
908 FACTORS INVOLVED IN SUSTAINED VIRAL RESPONSE (SVR) ACHIEVEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH FAVORABLE IL28B CC GENOTYPE IN HEPATITIS C
Authors: M. Maraver, L. Rojas, J. Ampuero, A. Rojas, R. Sola, R. Moreno-Otero, R. Andrade, M. Diago, J. Salmeron, L. Rodrigo, J. García-Samaniego, J.L. Calleja, J.A. Pons, C. Cano, M. Millan, R. Millan, M. Romero-Gomez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
THU0181 Serum level of SYNDECAN-1 is associated with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: K.-J. Kim, J.-Y. Kim, S.-J. Park, I.-W. Baek, C.-H. Yoon, W.-U. Kim, C.-S. Cho
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Syndecan-1 (SDC1), a transmembrane heparan-sulfate glycoprotein, is predominantly expressed by plasma cells and is a receptor for a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL). SDC1 is readily shed and released into plasma under certain pathologic conditions and remains biologically active to affect cellular behaviour of plasma cells. Plasma cells are effector cells producing pathogenic autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate serum SDC1 concentration and to determine association between its levels and certain clinical manifestation in patients with SLE <h3>Methods</h3> Serum samples from 127 patients with SLE and 24 normal healthy controls were assayed for SDC1 and APRIL by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Medical records were thoroughly reviewed for clinical features and serologic values. Disease activity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI). <h3>Results</h3> Serum SDC1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with SLE compared to controls (61.2±6.5 versus 31.4±4.5 ng/ml, <i>P</i> &lt;0.001). The level was correlated positively with anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibody titer and SLEDAI score (r =0.263, <i>P</i> =0.004, and g =0.231, <i>P</i> =0.012, respectively), but negatively with C3 and CH50 levels (r = -0.247, <i>P</i> =0.007 and r = -0.201, <i>P</i> =0.034, respectively). In particular, elevated levels of serum SDC1 were associated with the presence of active proteinuria (&gt;0.5 gm/day) in SLE patients with lupus nephritis. Moreover, serum SDC1 levels had significant correlation with level of APRIL, which was known as surrogate marker of disease activity (r =0.507, <i>P</i> &lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Serum SDC1 levels are elevated and correlated with markers of disease activity in patients with SLE, suggesting that serum SDC1 could be used as a potential marker of disease activity in patients with SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 720: A validation study on photoacoustics imaging of fluorescent pyroporphysome <i>in vivo</i>.
Authors: Minalini Lakshman, James Bu, Azusa Maeda, Gang Zheng, Andrew Needles, Catherine Theodoropoulos, Ralph Da Costa
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Photoacoustics (PA) is a hybrid in vivo imaging modality that combines the temporal resolution of optics, and low acoustic scattering and high spatial resolution of micro-ultrasound. This innovation can discern optical absorption of endogenous and exogenous contrast agent(s) in the tumor micro-environment. This advancement is made possible by precise control of optical wavelength using a tunable pulsed laser, ranging from 680-970nm. In this study, we demonstrate fluorescent pyroporphysome, a nanoparticle, to be a photoacoustic contrast agent by which we can monitor its accumulation locally within the tumor. Approach: Co-registered ultrasound (anatomical) and PA imaging of subcutaneous tumors was accomplished with a LZ250 21 MHz transducer on the Vevo® LAZR system (FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Inc.). Mammary tumors were generated by implanting from MDA-MB-231H2N cell line under the skin line. Pyroporphysomes (120 nm in size) were administered by tail vein at a dose of 300 nmoles. Multiwavelength photoacoustic scans were acquired and quantified over 24 hours using Vevo Spectro (FUJIFILM VisualSonics, Inc.), an ensuite absorbance spectrum quantification tool. Cri Maestro (Quorum Technologies, Inc.) was used for concurrent whole body fluorescence imaging. Results: Multi-wavelength analyses identified an in vivo PA absorbance of 680 nm to pyroporphysome. Earliest detection was at 20 minutes post bolus in the tumor and PA signal for pyroporphysomes persisted at 24 h. Signal accumulation is supported by a 22 fold change in signal intensity per 3D volume (3.8% post bolus vs 87% at 24h). Fluorescence analyses validate this accumulation in the tumor. Taken together, photoacoustic imaging identifies pyroporphysome as a bimodal contrast agent. Additional evidence includes a shift in signal localization in the PA scans wherein pyroporphysomes were first detected at the tumor periphery (&amp;lt;1mm below the skin line), and as deep as 2mm towards the tumor core at 24 hours. In conclusion, data herein presents photoacoustic imaging as the next generation imaging modality for concurrent molecular and anatomical information to better understand mechanistic changes in the tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: Minalini Lakshman, James Bu, Azusa Maeda, Gang Zheng, Andrew Needles, Catherine Theodoropoulos, Ralph Da Costa. A validation study on photoacoustics imaging of fluorescent pyroporphysome in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 720. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-720
Definitive Concomitant Radiochemotherapy (RCT) Treatment for Locally Advanced (LA) Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Evaluation of Hematological and Esophageal Toxicity in the Radiation Oncology Department of University of Florence Experience
Authors: V. Scotti, D. Scartoni, I.F. Furfaro, G. Simontacchi, C. De Luca Cardillo, B. Agresti, C. Talamonti, L. Livi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Suprapubic Bladder Aspiration
Authors: Jennifer R. Marin, Nader Shaikh, Steven G. Docimo, Robert W. Hickey, Alejandro Hoberman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

This video demonstrates suprapubic bladder aspiration in infants and children, both with and without the use of ultrasound guidance. Familiarity with this procedure is important when neither a clean-catch urine sample nor a urethral catheterization specimen can be obtained.
Minimal residual disease (MRD) status prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a powerful predictor for post-transplant outcome in children with ALL
Authors: P Bader, J Hancock, H Kreyenberg, NJ Goulden, D Niethammer, A Oakhill, CG Steward, R Handgretinger, JF Beck, T Klingebiel
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
Abstract 5504: Combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel for the treatment of Korean children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma.
Authors: Jun Ah Lee, Yunmi Ko, Dong Ho Kim, Ji Young Yoo, Eun Sil Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: The combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel (GEMDOX) has demonstrated promise in adult sarcomas. Still, its efficacy in children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma is controversial, due to a relatively small number of cases. We evaluated the efficacy of this combination in Korean pediatric patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. Methods: A retrospective case review of 23 patients (15 male, 8 female) with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma who received gemcitabine (675 – 900 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 8) and docetaxel (100 mg/m2 intravenously on day 8) at the Korea Cancer Center Hospital was undertaken. Results: The patients (ages 7.8 – 12.4 years) received a total of 78 courses of GEMDOX chemotherapy (median 3 courses; range 1 – 8 courses). For the 23 patients, 13 patients received GEMDOX as adjuvant chemotherapy, and the remaining 10 cases were eligible for response evaluation; there were 3 partial response (PR) and 1 stable disease (SD). The overall objective response was 30% and disease control rate was 40%. Median duration of response was 6.5 months (range, 3 – 13 months). GEMDOX chemotherapy was well tolerated and no treatment related death was observed. The most common toxicity was myelosuppression, however, no infectious complication have occurred. Conclusion: The poor prognosis of patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma, lack of effective salvage chemotherapy regimen, and case series reporting its activity, including ours, suggest that GEMDOX chemotherapy is beneficial in palliative setting and need to be considered for large scale clinical trials. Citation Format: Jun Ah Lee, Yunmi Ko, Dong Ho Kim, Ji Young Yoo, Eun Sil Park. Combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel for the treatment of Korean children and adolescents with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5504. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5504
PWE-292 NAFLD: below the radar even on surfacing in secondary care!
Authors: V Sehgal, L McClelland, G McCulloch, K Besherdas
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming a common cause for secondary care referral. While simple steatosis does not lead to liver related morbidity, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, non-invasive imaging including ultrasonography (USS) may reveal fatty infiltration. Many patients attend secondary care for USS, in whom NAFLD may be identified incidentally. While the true prevalence and burden of NAFLD in the community remains unclear, patients attending for USS in whom NAFLD is identified could provide the opportunity to reduce disease burden by monitoring for any complications. The aims of this study were to assess whether patients reported to have fatty liver on USS, irrespective of clinical indication, were adequately assessed by testing of liver function tests (LFTs) and if abnormal, subsequently referred to a specialist clinic. <h3>Methods</h3> A single centre, retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent USS over a 5-month period (January–May 2011) at Chase Farm Hospital was performed. Patients who had LFTs within 8 weeks of USS were said to have had their LFTs checked appropriately. Data were obtained from radiology reports via PACS/EPR reporting systems. <h3>Results</h3> 258 patients were investigated over the audit period. 69 (26.7%) patients (42 male, 27 female), median age 58 years (25–91 years) were reported to have fatty liver on ultrasound. 52 (75.3%) of these patients had their LFTs checked of which 37 (71.2%) were abnormal. 12 (17.3%) patients with fatty liver on ultrasound were formally seen in a specialist clinic. Over half of patients (27, 51.9%) with fatty liver and abnormal LFTs were never seen in a specialist clinic. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A quarter of patients with USS diagnosis of fatty liver did not have their LFTs checked potentially missing an opportunity to monitor for complications of NAFLD. While only the tip of the iceberg of NAFLD patients are referred to secondary care, a large portion of the iceberg goes unnoticed even on surfacing. An increased awareness of NAFLD needs to relayed to all healthcare professionals including radiologists and general practitioners coming into contact with this “iceberg.” <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
DN-01 * BYPASSING GLIOBLASTOMA RESISTANCE TO EGFR INHIBITORS BY SYNTHETIC LETHALITY
Authors: C. Chen, Y. Shen, M. Nitta, D. Futalan, Z. Taich, J. Treiber, D. Stevens, H.-Z. Chen, B. Carter, F. Esashi, J. Sarkaria, F. Furnari, W. Cavenee, A. Desai
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Clinical efficacy of EGFR inhibitors (EGFRi) in glioblastoma patients has been limited by a multitude of resistance mechanisms. We hypothesized that these mechanisms emerge upstream of the interface between EGFR signaling and fundamental cellular processes, such as DNA damage response (DDR), without altering this interface. Thus, synthetic lethal interactions targeting this interface should persist despite acquired resistance to EGFRi. To test this hypothesis, we performed an RNAi screen to identify DDR genes required for viability in glioblastoma cells dependent on EGFR signaling (through expression of the oncogenic EGFRvIII) and identified polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). In synchronous and asynchronous populations, EGFRvIII expressing glioblastomas harbored increased levels of the p-Thr210 PLK1 (an activated form of PLK1). Moreover, EGFRvIII expression was associated with elevated PLK1 expression in the TCGA glioblastoma dataset (p = 0.044). PLK1 Inhibition (by BI2536) induced an increase in the proportion of cells that co-stained for p-Histone H3 and γH2AX foci, suggesting accumulation of mitotic DNA damage. This effect was exacerbated by EGFRvIII expression, implicating induction of mitotic DNA damage as a major contributor to the observed synthetic lethality. Using time-lapsed imaging, we showed that EGFRvIII expression induced the formation of aberrant mitosis as well as prolonged mitotic progression. Further supporting an essential role for PLK1 in suppressing DNA damage accumulation, BI2536 treatment significantly enhanced the in vitro and in vivo tumoricidal effects of the DNA damaging chemotherapy, temozolomide. Moreover, PLK1 inhibition suppressed the accumulation of pS14 Rad51 (an active form of Rad51 that is required for homologous recombination (HR)) as well as overall HR efficiency in the DR-GFP assay. The tumoricidal and TMZ effects of PLK1 inhibition were observed across a panel of eight independent EGFRvIII glioblastoma clones that had acquired distinct resistance mechanisms to EGFRi. These results suggest therapeutic opportunities in targeting the interface between oncogenic signaling and DDR.