tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-324 A feasibility study investigating the association between self-efficacy and the success of patients on the eras programme
Authors: H Edis, C Maxwell-Armstrong, E Ferguson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Perceived self-efficacy may be associated with patient outcomes on the Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) programme. This feasibility study investigates the association between level of perceived self-efficacy and length of stay in hospital (LOSH) (a measure of success on the ERAS programme). The ERAS programme is a multi-model approach to surgical care which optimises patient physical condition by minimising the stress imposed on the body pre-, intra- and post-operatively. <h3>Primary outcome measure</h3> Is there statistical significance in the relationship between self-efficacy score and LOSH after colorectal surgery on an ERAS programme? <h3>Secondary outcome measure</h3> Is there statistical significance in the relationship between the component parts of self-efficacy measured (recovery locus of control, health anxiety and value and optimism) and LOSH? <h3>Method</h3> Single-centre, quantitative. Study questionnaire was an amalgamation of 5 validated questionnaires: General Self-efficacy scale, Recovery Locus of Control, Whiteley Index, Health Value and Life Orientation Test. Non-random convenience sampling was used to recruit continuously over 6 months (March-Sept 2014). Questionnaire completed twice by each participant: pre-operatively and post-operatively giving an overall self-efficacy score which was correlated against LOSH. Results were analysed using Pearson–s Correlation. <h3>Results</h3> Study sample N=30. There was a slight positive correlation between the primary variables but this carried no statistical significance (p = 0.832). No statistical significance found in the associations between LOSH and the secondary variables. The most notable correlation was found between the Family and Friend Test for patient satisfaction and LOSH. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Previous research has found self-efficacy positively impacts recovery in a variety long-term health conditions. It is possible that with a greater sample size a similar relationship could be demonstrated with ERAS patients. Finding ways to optimise psychological state prior to major surgery in terms of an individual–s self-efficacy, could have dramatic effects in reducing LOSH and improving overall patient satisfaction. The present study has led the way into exploring a new research relationship. This feasibility study should be the foundation for a larger scale, randomised study. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Autochthonous dengue outbreak in Nîmes, South of France, July to September 2015
Authors: Tiphanie Succo, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Jean-Baptiste Ferré, David Roiz, Béatrice Broche, Marianne Maquart, Harold Noel, Olivier Catelinois, Farhad Entezam, Didier Caire, Frédéric Jourdain, Isabelle Esteve-Moussion, Amandine Cochet, Christophe Paupy, Cyril Rousseau, Marie-Claire Paty, Franck Golliot
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

In August and September 2015, seven locally acquired cases of dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) were detected in Nîmes, south of France, where Aedes albopictus has been established since 2011. Epidemiological and entomological investigations allowed to steer vector control measures to contain transmission. An imported case from French Polynesia with onset fever on 4 July was identified as primary case. This outbreak occurred from 8 August to 11 September in a 300 m radius area. Six sprayings to control mosquitos were performed in the affected area. We describe the first considerable dengue outbreak in mainland France where only sporadic cases of autochthonous dengue were recorded previously (2010, 2013 and 2014). The 69 day-period between the primary case and the last autochthonous case suggests multiple episodes of mosquito infections. The absence of notification of autochthonous cases during the month following the primary case's symptoms onset could be explained by the occurrence of inapparent illness. Recurrence of cases every year since 2013, the size of the 2015 outbreak and continuing expansion of areas with presence of Ae. albopictus highlight the threat of arboviral diseases in parts of Europe. Thus, European guidelines should be assessed and adjusted to the current context.
AB0652 Clinical Experience with Biological Therapy in Large Vessel Arteritis: Table 1.
Authors: J.P. Vinicki, M. Arredondo, A. Humbría, R. Garcia-Vicuña, J.P. Lopez-Bote, A. Garcia-Vadillo, M. García-Arias, S. Castañeda Sanz, J.M. Alvaro-Gracia
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Most patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and/or Takayasu arteritis (TA) have a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment with glucocorticoids (GC). Adverse events (AEs) secondary to GC, along with a high rate of relapses (&gt;50%) have encouraged the search for alternative treatments such as biological therapies (BT). <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the results obtained in clinical practice with the use of BT in patients diagnosed with TA and GCA. <h3>Methods</h3> TA and GCA patients who received BT (infliximab [IFX], etanercept [ETN] and tocilizumab [TCZ]) were included. We analyzed treatment information (previous and current) with clinical response during 24 months, last follow-up, revascularization procedures and relevant AEs. In TA, active disease was defined according to Kerr Criteria. In GCA, active disease was defined according to similar modified criteria. In case of no active disease, the patient was considered in remission. Numerical data are expressed as mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and percentages for qualitative variables. <h3>Results</h3> Ten patients were included (Table 1). The median time of disease duration was similar in both groups (10.6±6.3 years), the main reason for starting BT was lack of response to prior therapy (MTX, LEF, MMF, AZA and CYC) and/or ≥2 relapses during GC tapering. Five patients started IFX, four TCZ and 1 ETN. In TA, the remission was observed before 6 months (n=5) and in GCA, before 3 (n=4) and 6 months (n=1). No patient had relapses during follow-up (mean follow-up 37.8±31.9 months) and the daily dose of GC was reduced by 70%. Two AEs were attributable to IFX (recurrent infections and anaphylaxis) and 1 AE attributable to TCZ (mild neutropenia). At last follow-up, 5 patients continued with BT, 1 patient discontinued BT for sustained remission (ETN), 1 patient was lost to follow up (moved to another country), 2 patients discontinued BT secondary to AE attributable to IFX and 1 patient died for reasons not attributable to BT. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We observed a favorable response to BT in patients with TA and GCA. Thus, BT might be considered as an alternative in patients with large vessel arteritis refractory to conventional treatment or with GC related comorbidities. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Website of the week: Poverty: making a difference
Authors: Rhona MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Sometimes we get so overwhelmed by the extent of global poverty that we don't see the point in doing anything about it at all. However, a paper in this week's BMJ (p 1209) shows how relatively simple interventions, such as improving housing conditions, can have a dramatic effect. Do not be discouraged. There is always something that can be done that does not involve rioting in the streets.

There are many respected international charities committed to tackling poverty at a grassroots level. Action Aid (www.actionaid.org) and Oxfam (www.oxfam.org) are two such examples. Most promote regular giving as opposed to one-off donations.

The International Health Exchange (www.ihe.org.uk) believes that everyone regardless of background or circumstance has the right to good health care. IHE regularly advertises vacant positions for health professionals in developing countries and also supports the work of international aid agencies working for improvements in health care across the world such as Action Health (www.skillshare.org), Merlin (Medical Emergency Relief International; www.merlin.org.uk), and Medecins Sans Frontieres (www.msf.org). If you want to organise working abroad yourself, www.medicstravel.com gives some useful advice.

The success of the Jubilee 2000 (www.jubilee2000.org) campaign in highlighting the problem of third world debt and changing government policy proved that getting involved could make a difference. The campaign continues with many other organisations such as drop the debt (www.dropthedebt.org) and Medact (www.medact.org) planning to form a peaceful human chain at the G8 summit in Genoa in July this year.
<i>Annals</i> Graphic Medicine - A Brief Anatomy of My Anxiety: The OCD Variety
Authors: William J. Doan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Web Exclusives7 June 2016Annals Graphic Medicine - A Brief Anatomy of My Anxiety: The OCD VarietyFREEWilliam J. Doan, BA, MFA, PhDWilliam J. Doan, BA, MFA, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G15-0018 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Download figure Download PowerPoint Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: The author has disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G15-0018.Author/Artist Information: William J. Doan, BA, MFA, PhD, is a Professor of Theatre at The Pennsylvania State University and a past president of the Association for Theatre in Higher Education, and his whose works include published books and plays. His work may be seen at http://driftingplay.weebly.com/. (E-mail, [email protected]edu.)Author Contributions: Conception and design: W. Doan. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Art and Science of NursingDifficult Doctors, Difficult Patients: Building Empathy 7 June 2016Volume 164, Issue 11Page: W15-W24KeywordsAnxietyConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth careObsessive compulsive disorder ePublished: 7 June 2016 Issue Published: 7 June 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Carcinogenic and Cocarcinogenic Effects of Inhaled Synthetic Smog and Ferric Oxide Particles2
Authors: P. Nettesheim, D. A. Creasia, T. J. Mitchell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The carcinogenic and cocarcinogenic activity of synthetic smog, ferric oxide (Fe2O3) dust, and a mixture of the two air contaminants was determined in a long-term inhalation study with Syrian hamsters. Inhaled Fe2O3 particles definitely enhanced diethylnitrosamine tumorigenicity in the peripheral lung. Synthetic smog did not. When tested at a concentration of 40 ppm methane equivalents or 40 mg/m3, respectively, neither air pollutant by itself appeared carcinogenic. Fe2O3 caused pulmonary fibrosis and synthetic smog caused alveolar bronchiolization in many of the exposed animals.
A Review of Health Risks and Pathways for Exposure to Wastewater Use in Agriculture
Authors: Sarah K. Dickin, Corinne J. Schuster-Wallace, Manzoor Qadir, Katherine Pizzacalla
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Wastewater is increasingly being used in the agricultural sector to cope with the depletion of freshwater resources as well as water stress linked to changing climate conditions. As wastewater irrigation expands, research focusing on the human health risks is critical because exposure to a range of contaminants must be weighed with the benefits to food security, nutrition and livelihoods.
PTH-021 A single centre audit of compliance with guidelines for management of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy in patients undergoing endoscopic procedures
Authors: SD Jafri, M Ishtiaq
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients on anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy undergoing endoscopic procedures need to be assessed for their risk of bleeding depending on the procedure. BSG guidelines for management of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy have standardised the care of patients attending for endoscopy procedures taking Clopidogrel and Warfarin. Newer anticoagulants have been popular among patients and there has been recommendation regarding management of these patients undergoing endoscopic procedures but standard guidelines for this group of patients are still awaited. <h3>Method</h3> This audit was designed to assess compliance with current guidelines and recommendations for management of patients on antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy undergoing endoscopic procedures. 50 patients on Clopidogrel, Warfarin and newer anticoagulants undergoing endoscopic procedures has been audited prospectively. Collected data was analysed and compared with guidelines. <h3>Results</h3> Out of the 50 patients, 23 were taking Warfarin, 17 were on Clopidogrel while 10 were on newer anticoagulants (Dabigatran, Rivaroxaban). 10 patients with warfarin were taking it for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) while 13 had high risk condition (prosthetic heart valves, Venous thromboembolism). 12 of the 17 patients on Clopidogrel had low risk condition while 5 had underlying coronary artery stents. All of the 10 patients with newer anticoagulants had same indication (AF). 19 of the total 50 patients had undergone high risk procedures (10 of them were on warfarin, 6 on Clopidogrel while 3 on newer anticoagulants). Compliance with BSG guidelines has been noted in all patients on Warfarin and Clopidogrel except one patient. We found variability in management of patients on newer anticoagulants probably due to lack of standard guidelines and awareness and in 8 cases out of 10, eGFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) was not calculated and these medications were not stopped as per recommendation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> It has been concluded that there has been excellent compliance with guidelines for management of patients on Warfarin and Clopidogrel undergoing endoscopic procedures. We have noted lack of standard guidelines for management of patients on newer anticoagulants and inadequate awareness to current recommendation has effected compliance to the current evidence in this group of patients. We would also like to highlight the importance of calculation of eGFR in decisions of duration of newer anticoagulants to be stopped. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
SP0087 Long Term Benefits from International Exchange
Authors: K. Lundberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

A combination of different international exchange experiences during my research career, including international conferences and EU-funded collaborative consortia, a shorter stay in a lab abroad during my PhD studies, and a 5-year long postdoc period abroad, has given me fantastic opportunities and benefits. During this lecture I will reflect and comment on these experiences, using my research interest, which is autoimmunity to citrullinated proteins in rheumatoid arthritis, as a backdrop. We will visit Sweden, Holland, Poland, the US and the UK, and we will talk about professional networks, getting to know important people, learning not only new techniques, but new ways of thinking and new approaches, independence, improved communication skills, and we will talk about how the distance between countries and laboratories become smaller with international exchange. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Giving Back
Authors: Scott G Williams
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
PWE-360 Outcomes of failed colonoscopy within the bowel cancer screening programme (BCSP)
Authors: IW Reilly, KL Clark, N Haslam, S Subramanian, P O'Toole, S Sarkar
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The NHS BCSP uses colonoscopy as the primary colonic investigation following a positive faecal occult blood screening test. The standards for completion of colonoscopy are high within the programme and well above the target of 90%. Whilst there is clear guidance for use of a ‘second test’ to complete colonic imaging in that minority with a ‘failed’ index colonoscopy,<sup>1</sup>little is known about the outcome of these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of patients following a failed BCSP colonoscopy. <h3>Method</h3> All patients that underwent a BCSP colonoscopy at Royal Liverpool University Hospital between 2008–2013 were identified. All cases of failed colonoscopy were fully audited with a minimum of 12 months follow up and comparisons were made with those within the BCSP with completed examinations (Chi-Squared statistical analysis). <h3>Results</h3> In the study period 2885 BCSP colonoscopies were performed, caecal intubation rate was 96%. From the 111 failed procedures, 26 (23%) were due to obstructing colorectal cancer (CRC). 108 patients underwent a second test: 67 (62%) had CT colonography, 23 (21%) had a CT abdomen, 17 (16%) had a repeat colonoscopy, 2 (2%) had a barium enema. 3 (3%) patients did not have a second test: 2 declined, and 1 died of cardiac causes post orthopaedic surgery whilst awaiting their test. Once the patients with significant positive findings on the index colonoscopy were excluded (e.g. cancer diagnosis), the risk of finding additional significant pathology on second test was 49%. Sub-categorised, the risk of CRC, extra-colonic malignancy and polyps was 2.3%, 2.3% and 44% respectively. Whilst the risk of finding CRC on the second test was similar to a completed procedure (2.3% vs. 3.2% respectively; p = 0.66), the risks of finding polyps was unsurprising lower (second test 44% vs. complete colon 61%: p &lt; 0.001). The 12-month outcome of patients with failed colonoscopy found that 53% returned to the BCSP, 19% were enrolled to BCSP surveillance and 25% were offered a definitive treatment after MDT (all CRC patients). The 12-month mortality was just 3%: 2 having died from non-GI malignancy and 1 from cardiac causes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study emphasises the importance of complete colonic examination within the BCSP. For those with an incomplete colonoscopy not caused by an obstructing tumour, there was a 49% chance of finding significant pathology on the second test. The lower incidence of polyps found on the second test confirms colonoscopy as the gold standard for polyp detection. Overall the outcomes are good with just 3% mortality at 12 months (unrelated to CRC) even with a diagnosis of CRC in almost a quarter of cases. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Taylor S <i>et al</i>. Guidelines for the use of imaging in the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme. 2nd edition. 2012.
Psychiatry in eastern Europe today: mental health status, policies, and practices
Authors: J Neumann
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The author describes the impact of the recent social and political changes in Eastern Europe on psychiatrists and psychiatry. The observations contained in this paper are drawn from his personal experiences as a practicing psychiatrist in East Germany who also served as a member of the Executive Committee of the World Psychiatric Association from 1984 to 1989. The practice of psychiatry in Eastern Europe before the recent social and political changes was highly variable depending on the country, the locale of practice, and the social and political positions of the involved psychiatrists. Adapting to the recent changes will be very difficult, and it will be a long time before the modernization of psychiatric practice in Eastern Europe takes place. Psychiatrists in the Western world can play an important part in the future development of psychiatry in Eastern Europe. Their understanding of the current situation and the historical forces that shaped it is extremely important to the psychiatrists of Eastern Europe.
Randomized trials in rare tumors.
Authors: G A Omura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.2.262 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3511186 Randomized trials in rare tumors. G A OmuraxG A OmuraSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.2.262 PDF "Randomized trials in rare tumors.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 4(2), pp. 262–263© 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology