tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3150: Analysis of the extracellular vesicles content present in the plasma of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for identification of molecular markers for treatment response
Authors: Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior, Soon Sim Tan, Sai Kiang Lim, N Gopalakrishna Iyer, Andre Luiz Vettore
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Previous data showed that induction chemotherapy (IC) with cisplatin and paclitaxel followed by chemoradiotherapy (CRT) based on cisplatin is safe, well tolerated and improves overall survival for patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) (stage III -IV). However, approximately 30% of these patients have incomplete response to IC and CRT and there is no clinical marker able to segregate these patients from those that respond to the treatment. The recent discovery of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in different body fluids carrying proteins and nucleic acids may indicate an alternative route for new specific markers present in the plasma of patients with HNSCC. In this study, Cholera toxin B chain (CTB) and Annexin V (AV) which respectively binds GM1 ganglioside and phosphatidylserine, were used to isolate EVs from plasma of HNSCC patients that respond and not respond to IC and CRT. The proteins in the vesicles were identified using antibody array through a pool of 6 responders’ patients (R) in comparison to 6 patients with incomplete response (IR). A total of 327 proteins were identified into CTB-EVs, from which 54 and 20 proteins were exclusive to R and IR patients, respectively. Beside this, 271 proteins were identified into AV-EVs, from which 20 proteins were present in R patients and other 20 proteins were present only in IR ones. A preliminary analysis of this data revealed that HNSCC resistant patients have elevated levels of TGFβ3 in CTB-EVs while patients with incomplete response have elevated levels of HSP90AB1 in AV-EVs. This study demonstrated the successful use of CTB and AV to isolate circulating plasma EVs for biomarker discovery in HNSCC and represents a novel technology that can be applied to segregate patients that may respond or not to IC or CRT. Citation Format: Dorival Mendes Rodrigues-Junior, Soon Sim Tan, Sai Kiang Lim, N Gopalakrishna Iyer, Andre Luiz Vettore. Analysis of the extracellular vesicles content present in the plasma of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma for identification of molecular markers for treatment response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3150.
Mitigating Prenatal Zika Virus Infection in the Americas
Authors: Martial L. Ndeffo-Mbah, Alyssa S. Parpia, Alison P. Galvani
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Because of the risk for Zika virus infection in the Americas and the links between infection and microcephaly, other serious neurologic conditions, and fetal death, health ministries across the region have advised women to delay pregnancy. However, the effectiveness of this policy in reducing prenatal Zika virus infection has yet to be quantified.To evaluate the effectiveness of pregnancy-delay policies on the incidence and prevalence of prenatal Zika virus infection.Vector-borne Zika virus transmission model fitted to epidemiologic data from 2015 to 2016 on Zika virus infection in Colombia.Colombia, August 2015 to July 2017.Population of Colombia, stratified by sex, age, and pregnancy status.Recommendations to delay pregnancy by 3, 6, 9, 12, or 24 months, at different levels of adherence.Weekly and cumulative incidence of prenatal infections and microcephaly cases.With 50% adherence to recommendations to delay pregnancy by 9 to 24 months, the cumulative incidence of prenatal Zika virus infections is likely to decrease by 17% to 44%, whereas recommendations to delay pregnancy by 6 or fewer months are likely to increase prenatal infections by 2% to 7%. This paradoxical exacerbation of prenatal Zika virus exposure is due to an elevated risk for pregnancies to shift toward the peak of the outbreak.Sexual transmission was not explicitly accounted for in the model because of limited data but was implicitly subsumed within the overall transmission rate, which was calibrated to observed incidence.Pregnancy delays can have a substantial effect on reducing cases of microcephaly but risks exacerbating the Zika virus outbreak if the duration is not sufficient. Duration of the delay, population adherence, and the timing of initiation of the intervention must be carefully considered.National Institutes of Health.
The association of age with breast cancer mortality within four race/ethnicities for the triple negative and HER2-overexpressing subtypes.
Authors: Carol Parise, Vincent Caggiano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

1073 Background: The ER-/PR-/HER- (triple negative or TN), and ER-/PR-/HER+-(HER2-overexpressing) subtypes have the highest risk of breast cancer mortality for all race/ethnicities. Younger age is known to increase the risk of the TN subtype but how age affects the risk of mortality within a race/ethnicity and subtype is unknown. The purpose of this study is to assess the affect of age on the risk of breast cancer specific mortality within four mutually exclusive categories of race/ethnicity within the TN and HER-2 overexpressing subtypes. Methods: Using the population based California Cancer Registry, we identified 22,254 cases of TN and 11,348 cases of the HER2 overexpressing subtypes with stages 1-4 first primary female invasive breast cancer diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2013. Cases were identified as white (n = 18,793), black or African American (n = 3,479), Hispanic (n = 7,171) and Asian/Pacific Islander (API) (n = 4,159). Cox regression analysis adjusted for stage, grade, socioeconomic status, and treatment was used to compare the risk of breast cancer specific mortality for women ≤ 45 years (younger) of age and ≥ 70 years of age (older) when compared with women aged 46-69 within each of the four race/ethnicities for each of these subtypes. Results: Older white (HR = 1.52; 1.37-1.68), Hispanic (HR = 1.28; 1.04-1.58), and API women (HR = 1.50; 1.11-2.03) with the TN subtype had an increased risk of mortality. Older white (HR = 1.53; 1.32-1.77) and Hispanic women (HR = 2.33; 1.78-3.05) with the HER2-overexpressing had an increased risk of mortality whereas older API women had the same risk of mortality as younger women. Age was not a significant risk factor of mortality for African American women with the TN and HER2-overexpressing subtypes. Conclusions: In contrast with other ethnicities, the risk of mortality for black women with the TN and HER2-overexpressing subtypes is the same regardless of age.
Cell Phone Data Help Investigators Understand Cholera Spread
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1298: CD40L-CD40 signaling on B-cell lymphoma response to BTK inhibitors
Authors: Zhijian Sun, Lusong Luo
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The aberrant activation of B cells receptor (BCR) signaling plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of B-cell lymphomas. Targeting BCR signaling by inhibiting Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) has been shown to be a successful strategy in treating B-cell lymphomas including mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Ibrutinib, an oral, covalent BTK inhibitor achieved high overall response rate (ORR) and prolonged duration of responses in CLL and MCL patients. In contrast, ibrutinib was reported to have much lower response rate in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) and the responses in DLBCL was restricted to the activated B-cell (ABC) subtype. These differences highlight the need to understand the bypass signaling/pathway to BTK inhibition. In this study, we identified CD40L-CD40 pathway as one of the potential bypass pathways to BTK inhibitory therapy. We showed that CD40 was consistently expressed in mature B cells, whilst CD40L expression levels were heterogenic in tissue microarray (TMA) with 150 lymphoma samples. In these samples, circa 57% of lymphoma tissues have medium or strong level of CD40L expression in TMA, indicating the existence of CD40L-CD40 signaling in human lymphoma tissues. Consistent with the response rate of ibrutinib in patients, in 68 non-GCB type of DLBCL, in which aberrant activation of NF-kB pathway is important for the pathogenesis, about 60% samples showed CD40L expression. Co-culture of Rec-1 or TMD8 cells with HEK293/CD40L attenuated the anti-proliferation activity of ibrutinib in vitro. This observation was also confirmed with recombinant soluble CD40L protein. Detailed mechanistic analysis revealed that CD40L-CD40 signaling activated the NF-κB and MAPK pathway and offset the inhibition of ibrutinib. Additionally, activating NF-κB pathway with PKC agonist abolished the cell killing effects of ibrutinib. These data suggest CD40L may be used as a potential biomarker for studying clinical responses to BTK inhibitors. Additionally, our results support combination strategies of BTK inhibitors with agents blocking CD40 or downstream NF-κB and MAPK pathway in patient population where CD40L-CD40 pathway is activated. Citation Format: Zhijian Sun, Lusong Luo. CD40L-CD40 signaling on B-cell lymphoma response to BTK inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1298.
Novel therapeutic targets on the horizon for lung cancer
Authors: Wan-Ling Tan, Amit Jain, Angela Takano, Evan W Newell, N Gopalakrishna Iyer, Wan-Teck Lim, Eng-Huat Tan, Weiwei Zhai, Axel M Hillmer, Wai-Leong Tam, Daniel S W Tan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2016)
Fecal microbiota transplantation for patients with steroid-resistant acute graft-versus-host disease of the gut
Authors: Kazuhiko Kakihana, Yuki Fujioka, Wataru Suda, Yuho Najima, Go Kuwata, Satoshi Sasajima, Iyo Mimura, Hidetoshi Morita, Daisuke Sugiyama, Hiroyoshi Nishikawa, Masahira Hattori, Yutaro Hino, Shuntaro Ikegawa, Keita Yamamoto, Takashi Toya, Noriko Doki, Koichi Koizumi, Kenya Honda, Kazuteru Ohashi
Journal: Blood (2016)
On-trial radiotherapy quality assurance in NeoSCOPE: A randomised phase II trial of chemoradiotherapy in oesophageal cancer.
Authors: Elin Evans, Gareth Jones, Ganesh Radhakrishna, Maria A Hawkins, Somnath Mukherjee, Rhydian Maggs, Ruby Ray, Tom David Lewis Crosby, Sarah Gwynne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

119 Background: Failure to adhere to trial protocols for target volume delineation (TVD) within radiotherapy (RT) trials may have an adverse effect on, and potentially invalidate trial outcomes. NeoSCOPE, a UK phase II study RCT of two neo-adjuvant CRT regimens in oesophageal cancer, undertook prospective individual case-reviews (ICR) to identify and correct such variations. Methods: All participating centres had passed a pre-accrual outlining benchmark case with detailed feedback provided. Prospective ICR was undertaken for all patients. Real time review (feedback to centres within 3 working days) was performed on the first 20 patients recruited and the first case submitted from each participating centre. Subsequent cases were subject to ‘timely retrospective review’, with review within 2 weeks of the start of RT. Target volumes (including organ at risk), along with diagnostic information, were submitted in DICOM format to the RTQA centre. Each case was reviewed by an upper gastrointestinal radiation oncologist, against pre-determined acceptable and unacceptable variations, using a standardised proforma. Unacceptable variation required re-submission. The outlining reviews were complimented by prospective review of planning. Results: 83 cases were reviewed in total, 39 (47%) of which were real-time and 44 (53%) timely- retrospective. 9(11%) cases required re-submission, of which 6 were real-time reviews and 3 timely-retrospective. Delineation of the tumour (GTV) and elective nodal areas (CTVB) were the most common unacceptable variations. 29 (74%) of real time reviews were returned within 3 working days and 100% of retrospective returned by 3 rd fraction. The review process did not result in any delay in starting treatment. Conclusions: Prospective review of outlining in the NeoSCOPE trial has enabled identification and correction of unacceptable variations from the protocol without introducing treatment delays. The reduction in the re-submission rate for timely-retrospective review cases suggests an educational benefit from the pre-trial RTQA and the real-time review process. Clinical trial information: NCT01843829.
Abstract 1008: Leptin-induced NILCO in endometrial cancer is linked to obesity
Authors: Danielle Daley-Brown, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Kiara T. Vann, Roland Pattillo, James Lillard, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Endometrial cancer (EmCa) Type I is estrogen dependent whereas Type II is estrogen independent and usually associated with endometrial atrophy. Type II is the more aggressive form with a poor prognosis. Obesity is a growing epidemic and is a major risk factor for EmCa. African-American women have higher incidence of obesity, and are more likely to die from EmCa even though the risk of developing EmCa is lower in Caucasian women. Obesity is characterized by high serum leptin levels, which are associated cancer incidence, metastasis and poor prognosis. Leptin's effects in breast cancer are related to the induction of a crosstalk between Notch, IL-1 and leptin (NILCO). It is hypothesize that there is a positive correlation between Type II EmCa, NILCO and obesity. Methods: The expression of NILCO components was determined by immunohistochemistry in Type I vs Type II EmCa biopsies from obese African American and lean tissue array from Chinese patients. Additionally, the effects of leptin on cell proliferation and NILCO expression were determined in cell lines derived from Type I and Type II EmCa (Ishikawa, Hec1a, An3ca and KLE), respectively. Results: NILCO components were expressed higher in Type II EmCa, more advanced disease, and correlated with obesity. Also, leptin induction of NILCO was more prominent in Type II EmCa cells. Conclusions: Obesity signals (i.e., leptin) could induce NILCO in EmCa. Leptin could play a significant role in EmCa progression, especially in Type II EmCa. Therefore, NILCO could represent a novel biomarker for the more aggressive Type II EmCa. These observations could be more relevant for obese EmCa patients. Citation Format: Danielle Daley-Brown, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Kiara T. Vann, Roland Pattillo, James Lillard, Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez. Leptin-induced NILCO in endometrial cancer is linked to obesity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 1008.
Effectiveness of a nicotine patch in helping people stop smoking: Results of a randomised trial in general practice
Authors: P Burke, A Chivers, J Clements, M Dawes, I Eastwood, D Ebbs, R Godlee, R Harrington, K Kearley, N MacLennan, D Mant, J Murray, M Nichols, H Van Oss, D Stern, R Stevens, D Thurston, R Wilson, S Wood
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Objective - To assess the effectiveness of 12 weeks' treatment with a 24 hour transdermal nicotine patch in helping heavy smokers to stop smoking; also to assess the value of a specially written support booklet about smoking cessation and patch use compared with a simple advice pamphlet. Design - Double blind placebo controlled randomised trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design. Setting - 19 general practices in Oxfordshire. Subjects - 1686 heavy smokers aged 25-64 (mean cigarette consumption 24/day; mean duration of smoking 25 years). Main outcome measure - Sustained cessation for the last four weeks of the 12 week treatment period, confirmed by saliva cotinine estimation (226/262 cases; 86.3%) or expired carbon monoxide concentration (36/262; 13.7%). Patients lost to follow up (155/1686; 9%) were assumed to have continued to smoke. Results - Cessation was confirmed in 163 patients (19.4%) using the nicotine patch and 99 patients (11.7%) using the placebo patch (difference 7.6% (95% confidence interval 4.2% to 11.1%); p < 0.0001). There was no significant advantage in using the more detailed written support material. The most important adverse effect of the patch was local skin irritation, which occurred in 15.8% (133/842) and 5.1% (43/844) of patients using the nicotine and placebo patches respectively, was graded as severe in 4.8% (40) and 1.1% (nine), and was stated as a reason for withdrawal from the trial in 9.5% (80) and 2.8% (24). Conclusion - Nicotine patches are effective in a general practice setting with nursing support, but the extent to which this effect is sustained cannot be assessed until the results of long term follow up are known.
Single Agent Tamibarotene Has Activity in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Patients Previously Treated with ATRA and Arsenic Trioxide, but Does Not Produce Durable Responses
Authors: David Sanford, Francesco LoCoco, Miguel A. Sanz, Eros Di Bona, Steven Coutre, Jessica K. Altman, Meir Wetzler, Steven L. Allen, Farhad Ravandi, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2014)
P1149 : Purified mesenchymal stromal cells reduce liver damage in an allo-immune model of liver damage (OVA-BIL)
Authors: D.D. Houlihan, S. Suresh, S. Zhang, A. Owen, L. Hopkins, M.C. Strachan, S. Dyer, K. Attridge, L. Walker, W. Wei, M. Griffiths, A. Hollander, J. Frampton, P.N. Newsome
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Abstract 5073: C5a receptor promotes invasive ability of gastric cancer
Authors: Takayoshi Kaida, Hidetoshi Nitta, Yuki Kitano, Kensuke Yamamura, Risa Inoue, Kota Arima, Takaaki Higashi, Katunobu Taki, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Katsunori Imai, Daisuke Hashimoto, Akira Chikamoto, Toru Beppu, Hide Baba
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: C5a is one of the important factors produced via the complement pathway and a strong chemokine. The C5a receptor (C5aR) is expressed in various cancer cells and is linked to C5a-induced promotion of cancer cell invasion. However, the role of C5aR in gastric cancer (GC) is still mostly unknown. Aim: To investigate the clinical role of C5aR-expression in human GC. Method: 1) We investigated the C5aR expression for 237 GC patients who underwent gastrectomy from Jan. 2004 to Dec. 2011 by immunostaining using monoclonal human C5aR-antibody and analyzed the association between C5aR expression and clinicopathological factors. 2) We investigated the association between C5aR expression and invasiveness of GC cells, in vitro. Result: 1) From immunostaining analysis, High-expression of C5aR was observed in 86 patients (36.8%) and was significantly related to depth of invasion, stage and vascular invasion. The 5-years RFS and OS rates of the patients with high-expression of C5aR were significantly worse than those of the patients with low-expression. 2) We found that several GC cell lines had high-expression of C5aR with western blotting. By using AGS and NUGC3 cell, the cell line which had low-expression of C5aR, We produced AGS (AGS/C5aR) and NUGC3 (NUGC3/C5aR) which had the overexpression of C5aR. Matrigel chamber assay revealed that C5a recombinant enhanced the cell invasion of AGS/C5aR and NUGC3/C5aR cell. Migration assay by using the timelapse imaging revealed that C5a recombinant enhanced the cell motility of AGS/C5aR and NUGC/C5aR cell. In addition, C5aR-antagont decreased the cell invasion and motility of those cell lines. The immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that C5a recombinant enhanced the cytoskeletal rearrangement, such as stress fiber, fillipdia and lamellipodia, in NUGC/C5aR cell. Then, C5a recombinant enhanced RhoA activity of NUGC3/C5aR. Conclusions: The stimulation of C5a receptor may enhance the cell motility via RhoA activity, then it may enhance the cell invasion ability. In addition, High-expression of C5aR was associated with poor prognosis for GC patients. Therefore, C5a receptor might be a target of medical treatment. Citation Format: Takayoshi Kaida, Hidetoshi Nitta, Yuki Kitano, Kensuke Yamamura, Risa Inoue, Kota Arima, Takaaki Higashi, Katunobu Taki, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Katsunori Imai, Daisuke Hashimoto, Akira Chikamoto, Toru Beppu, Hide Baba. C5a receptor promotes invasive ability of gastric cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5073.