tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0562 The Impacts of Disease of the Joints on Modified Health Assessment Questionnaire Scores in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: A Retrospective Study Using the National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by Ir-Net in Japan
Authors: K. Ono, S. Ohashi, H. Oka, Y. Kadono, T. Yasui, K. Isawa, N. Shoda, J. Nishino, S. Tanaka, S. Tohma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Few studies of which joints most affect physical function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have been conducted. <h3>Objectives</h3> Using the National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by iR-net in Japan (NinJa), a multicenter, rheumatic disease database, the present study investigated the effects of bilateral and unilateral disease in the shoulder, elbow, wrist, hip, knee, ankle, finger, and toe joints on the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ) scores. <h3>Methods</h3> The subjects were the 9,212 patients (1,766 men, 7,466 women) with complete medical records among the 10,367 patients registered in NinJa in fiscal year 2011. The presence or absence of disease in each joint (swelling and pain were considered disease) and whether the disease was bilateral or unilateral were investigated. The presence of disease in the finger or toe joints was defined as swelling or pain in at least one metacarpophalangeal joint, metatarsophalangeal joint, or proximal interphalangeal joint. The impacts of bilateral and unilateral disease of each joint on mHAQ scores were investigated using logistic regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> The patients were aged 63.2±12.9 years, and their duration of symptoms was 12.2±10.7 years. The majority of subjects had moderate disease activity (mean baseline 28-joint Disease Activity Score, 3.3±1.3). The median mHAQ score was 0.25. The 2 most frequently affected joints were the finger joints (42.2%) and wrist (36.6%), followed by the knee (21.2%), ankle (20.9%), toe joints (18.7%), elbow (17.8%), and shoulder (11.5%). In contrast, the frequency of hip joint involvement was small (2.0%). Significant correlations were observed between the mHAQ scores and bilateral and unilateral disease of all joints apart from bilateral disease of the hip and bilateral and unilateral disease of the toes. The odds ratios for each joint (95% confidence interval) bilaterally and unilaterally, respectively, were as follows: shoulder, 4.0 (2.9 to 5.6) and 1.8 (1.5 to 2.1); elbow, 2.6 (2.1 to 3.4) and 1.8 (1.5 to 2.1); wrist, 1.9 (1.7 to 2.2) and 1.5 (1.3 to 1.7); hip, 1.7 (0.7 to 4.7) and 3.0 (2.0 to 4.7); knee, 2.6 (2.2 to 3.2) and 1.9 (1.7 to 2.2); ankle, 2.3 (1.9 to 3.0) and 2.0 (1.8 to 2.4); finger, 1.4 (1.2 to 1.5) and 1.2 (1.0 to 1.3); and toe, 1.0 (0.8 to 1.3) and 1.1 (0.9 to 1.3) (Fig. 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> While mHAQ scores were significantly affected by disease in almost all joints, a greater effect was exerted by the major joints, in increasing order of ankle, knee, elbow and shoulder. Bilateral disease tended to have a greater effect than unilateral disease in these major joints and the wrist. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3642
Abstract 4093: Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4): A novel substrate of caspase-3 during apoptosis
Authors: Parvesh Chaudhry, Mohan Singh, Eric Asselin
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is a ubiquitously expressed pro-apoptotic tumor suppressor protein. Par-4 is known to selectively induce apoptosis in cancer cells either by activating apoptosis or by inhibiting cell survival. Here, we show, for the first time, that Par-4 is a novel substrate of caspase-3 during apoptosis. We found that Par-4 is cleaved during cisplatin-induced apoptosis in human normal and cancer cell lines. Caspase-3-deficient MCF-7 cells did not show Par-4 cleavage in response to cisplatin treatment. This Par-4 cleavage was concomitant with Parp cleavage and generated a C-terminal fragment of approx. 25kDa. The cleavage of Par-4 was completely inhibited by Z-VAD-fmk (an inhibitor of caspase like protease) suggesting that caspase-3 like activity is involved in the cleavage of Par-4. Consistently, recombinant caspase-3 efficiently cleaved Par-4 in vitro for all cell lines tested, suggesting the involvement of this protease in Par-4 processing in vivo. Overexpression of caspase-3 in PC-3 cells increased caspase-3 activity, which further resulted in the cleavage of Par-4 in these cells. However, overexpression of a catalytic mutant caspase-3 (C163A) failed to induce Par-4 cleavage. Further, restoration of caspase-3 in MCF-7 cells showed a decrease in Par-4 levels with the appearance of the cleaved fragment. The cleavage of Par-4 in caspase-3 expressing MCF-7 cells was efficiently blocked by a caspase-3 inhibitor. These results establish for the first time that Par-4 is a novel substrate of caspase-3 both in vitro and in vivo. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4093. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4093
Solitary gastric metastasis from a renal cell carcinoma, presenting 23 years after radical nephrectomy
Authors: T. Namikawa, J. Iwabu, H. Kitagawa, T. Okabayashi, M. Kobayashi, K. Hanazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 65-year-old man presented to our department for evaluation of a gastric mass. His medical history revealed that he had undergone left nephrectomy for a renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 23 years earlier. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a strongly enhancing, well-defined, 2.5-cm diameter mass in the stomach ([Fig. 1]). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed a 2.5-cm, polypoid lesion in the upper part of the body of the stomach ([Fig. 2]).
Achalasia Seen on I-123 Thyroid Scintigraphy
Authors: ORHAN KONEZ, MANISH GOYAL, LAURENCE G. HANELIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Certain extrathyroidal conditions may mimic a substernal goiter on radioisotope thyroid imaging. Achalasia is one such rare cause of abnormal substernal activity on thyroid scintigrams. The mechanism for this appearance is persistent residual activity in the poorly emptying megaesophagus from orally administered I-123. The authors report a case of a 73-year-old woman in whom achalasia was identified on an I-123 thyroid scan.
Augmentation of Leukocyte Count With G-CSF in a Patient With Neutropenia Before In-111 WBC Scintigraphy
Authors: STEPHEN LIN, CAROL S. MARCUS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Neutropenia with persistent fevers and a wound infection developed in a patient with AIDS after an uncomplicated hysterectomy. After a single dose of G-CSF (granulocyte-colony stimulating factor), the WBC count transiently recovered, and an In-111 labeled WBC scan was successfully performed to exclude an intra-abdominal source of infection and to implicate the superficial wound as a source of her fevers. The patient underwent wound debridement the next day and made an uneventful recovery. This article describes a potential new role for G-CSF, namely enhancement of the WBC count in patients with neutropenia who are referred for In-111 WBC imaging to improve diagnostic yield.
Late Breaking News: Herbicide Study Causes Outcry
Authors: N. Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Late Breaking News: Herbicide Study Causes Outcry Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 19, 2 October 1991, Page 1378, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.19.1378 Published: 02 October 1991
Margaret McCartney: Privacy is not secrecy
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Celebrities die, just like the rest of us. And—shock!—sometimes they do it without first making a public pronouncement. But, when a celebrity dies without an announcement of illness or a disclosure of the type of cancer, grieving family and friends are often accused of keeping the illness “secret.”

This, in the froth of social media and newspaper commentary, is seen as a “very bad thing.” Rather than mourning, I’ve read at least one person moaning about the loss of opportunity for “awareness raising” that might …
Metastatic Pulmonary, Gastric, and Renal Calcification Demonstrated on Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Malignant Melanoma and Renal Failure
Authors: DEIRDRE WHEAT, PETER McCARTHY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Purpose: This case report describes the clinical, scintigraphic, and pathologic findings in a patient with an unexpected finding of a cutaneous malignant melanoma. Method: Multiple imaging studies were done, as was a pathologic examination of a suspicious pigmented lesion on the patient's back. Result: A Tc-99m MDP bone scan showed diffuse uptake in the skeleton, lungs, kidneys, and stomach. Conclusion: Metastatic calcification, as shown by isotope scintigraphy, is an unusual manifestation of metastatic cancer from a primary cutaneous melanoma.
A8.03 Differential methylation as a biomarker of response to etanercept in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: D Plant, A Webster, N Nair, J Oliver, S Smith, S Eyre, KL Hyrich, AG Wilson, AW Morgan, J Isaacs, J Worthington, A Barton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Biologic drug therapies represent a huge advance in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, very good disease control is only achieved in 30% of patients, making identification of biomarkers of response a research priority. We therefore hypothesise that differential DNA methylation patterns may provide biomarkers predictive of response to TNF-inhibitor (TNFi) therapy in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> An epigenome-wide association study was performed on pre-treatment whole blood DNA from patients with RA. Patients who displayed good response (n = 36) or no response (n = 36) to etanercept therapy at 3-months were selected. Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) were identified using linear regression. Variance of methylation at DMPs was assessed for correlation with <i>cis-</i>acting SNPs. A replication experiment for prioritised SNPs was performed in an independent cohort of 1,204 RA patients. <h3>Results</h3> Five DMPs between responders groups were identified with a FDR &lt;5%. The top two DMPs mapped to exon 7 of the <i>LRPAP1</i> gene on chromosome 4 (cg04857395, p = 1.39E-08 and cg26401028, 1.96E-08). The A allele of the SNP rs3468 was correlated with higher levels of methylation for both of the top two DMPs (2.63E-07 and 1.05E-06, respectively). Further the A allele of rs3468 was correlated with EULAR non-response in the discovery cohort (n = 56; p = 0.03) and in the independent replication cohort (n = 1.204; p = 0.003). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We identify DNA methylation as a potential biomarker of TNFi response and report the association between response and the <i>LRPAP1</i> gene which encodes a chaperone of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1. Additional replication experiments in independent sample collections are now required.
AB0799 The Efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma Injection on Pain Severity and Functional Status in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: T. Çakır, R.N. Sarıer Ülker, S. Koldaş Doğan, N.F. Toraman, M. Bilgilisoy Filiz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most frequent causes of pain and disability (1). The aims of the treatment are to control pain, prevent or improve joint functions, facilitate functional self-dependence and increase quality of life (2). Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injection is one of the current treatment options which has been used with increasing frequency. The PRP is obtained from autolog blood that contains intensive platelets and growth factors 3-5 times more than normal plasma and contributes tissue healing. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy of PRP injection on pain severity and function in knee osteoarthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> 515 patients (1030 knees) with knee osteoarthritis according to ACR criterias were included in the study. The data of the patients who underwent PRP injections 2 times within 3 months was investigated retrospectively. Pain severity and functional status were assessed with VAS and WOMAC questionnaire before and after the treatment. <h3>Results</h3> Before the treatment, the mean values of VAS in motion and rest were 7,37±2,03 and 4,11±2,47; respectively. After the treatment the mean values of VAS were 5,35±2,26 and 2,25±2,15. WOMAC total scores were 80,93±17,32 and 61,75±18,15 before and after the treatment. Statistically significant differences were found in VAS and WOMAC scores before and after the treatment (p=0.000). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study, the efficacy of PRP injection on pain severity and functional status in knee osteoarthritis was demonstrated however it is clear that high quality randomised plasebo controlled studies are needed. <h3>References</h3> Hunter DJ, Log GH. The management of osteoarthritis: an overview and call to appropriate conservative treatment Rheum Dis Clin N Am 2008;34:689-712 Evidence-Based Recommendations for the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Consensus Report of the Turkish League Against Rheumatism Turk J Rheumatol 2012;27(1):1-17 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5127
Abstract LB-88: A new rapid diagnostic test to identify epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Hiroki Chikumi, Miyako Takata, Keiji Matsunami, Shingo Matsumoto, Masahiro Kotani, Tomohiro Sakamoto, Hirokazu Touge, Kosuke Yamaguchi, Jun Kurai, Naomi Miyake, Masaki Nakamoto, Tadashi Igishi, Eiji Shimizu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract An epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is the best marker of sensitivity to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib and erlotinib. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods combined with the use of fluorescence probes, such as the Scorpion Amplification Refractory Mutation System (ARMS) or the PCR-Invader method, are frequently used to detect EGFR mutations before therapy. The sensitivities and specificities of these methods are satisfactory; however, there is potential to further improve the cost and detection time. We developed a new method for the rapid and reliable detection of EGFR mutations by using a combination of mutation-specific primers and the newly developed ultra-rapid real-time PCR (Hyper-PCR) amplification method that can be accomplished in &amp;lt;7 min. We designed specific ARMS primers for the common EGFR del E746-A750 mutations, and optimized the reaction conditions for the PCR machine that contained a thin disc-type reaction vessel, the temperature of which could be quickly altered by rotating it on thermal sources. We used Hyper-PCR to analyze the common EGFR mutations del E746-A750 and L858R in lung cancer samples from 143 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The results were compared with those obtained by direct sequencing, conventional PCR, and the PCR-Invader method. Using the direct sequencing method, 13 (9.1%) and 15 (10.5%) NSCLC samples were positive for the del E746-A750 and L858R mutations, respectively, while the Hyper-PCR method revealed that 15 (10.5%) and 18 (12.6%) samples were positive for the del E746-A750 and L858R mutations, respectively. Five samples, whose results were discordant between the Hyper-PCR and direct sequencing methods, were analyzed by conventional PCR and the PCR-Invader method, and the results were found to be consistent with those obtained by Hyper-PCR. These results suggest that the novel Hyper-PCR method is an inexpensive, rapid, and reliable diagnostic test for EGFR mutations. Citation Format: Hiroki Chikumi, Miyako Takata, Keiji Matsunami, Shingo Matsumoto, Masahiro Kotani, Tomohiro Sakamoto, Hirokazu Touge, Kosuke Yamaguchi, Jun Kurai, Naomi Miyake, Masaki Nakamoto, Tadashi Igishi, Eiji Shimizu. A new rapid diagnostic test to identify epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-88. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-88
Abstract 2067: Effects of microRNA-34a on brain tumor cells and glioblastoma stem cells
Authors: Fadila Guessous, Ying Zhang, Alessia Catania, Yunqing Li, Alexander Kofman, Benjamin Kefas, David Schiff, Benjamin Purow, Roger Abounader
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma and medulloblastoma are the most common malignant brain tumors in adults and children, respectively. microRNAs are deregulated in different types of cancer including brain tumors. We previously found that microRNA-34a (miR-34a) inhibits brain tumor growth by targeting multiple oncogenes. We showed that miR-34a is downregulated in glioblastoma tumors. miR-34a down-regulated c-Met in human glioblastoma and medulloblastoma cells and Notch-1, Notch-2, and CDK6 protein expressions in glioblastoma cells. miR-34a expression inhibited c-Met reporter activities in glioblastoma and medulloblastoma cells and Notch-1 and Notch-2 3′-UTR reporter activities in glioblastoma cells and stem cells. miR-34a strongly inhibited cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, cell survival, and cell invasion in glioblastoma cells, but not in astrocytes. Forced expression of c-Met or Notch-1/Notch-2 transcripts lacking the 3′-UTR sequences partially reversed the effects of miR-34a on cell cycle arrest and cell death in glioblastoma cells and stem cells, respectively. Also, in vivo transient expression of miR-34a in glioblastoma cells strongly inhibited intracranial xenograft growth. We therefore showed that miR-34a suppresses brain tumor growth by targeting c-Met and Notch. We subsequently investigated the effect of miR-34a on glioblastoma stem cell malignancy and differentiation. We transfected 0308 and 1228 glioblastoma stem cells with 30 nM pre-miR-34a or control miR for 72 hours and assessed the cells for cell cycle status, cell proliferation, cell migration and apoptosis by propidium iodide flow cytometry, cell counting, scratch migration assay and annexin V flow cytometry, respectively. We also assessed the effect of miR-34a on stem cell differentiation into neurons, astrocytes or oligodendrocytes, by immunohistochemistry staining for CD133, nestin and differentiation markers including Claudin, GFAP, and Tuj-1. miR-34a slightly inhibited cell proliferation in both stem cell lines. miR-34a also induced G1/S cell cycle arrest. Moreover, miR-34a restoration led to a slight increase in stem cell death in both stem cell lines and also strongly inhibited migration in 1228 stem cells. Importantly, miR-34a treatment of stem cells reduced CD133 staining and increased differentiation marker staining. These data suggest a role for miR-34a in the regulation for glioblastoma stem cell malignancy and differentiation. Supported by a University of Virginia Cancer Center Pilot Project Grant. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2067.
Abstract 3690: 19-<i>nor</i>-1α-25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 induces gastric cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest and inhibits STAT3 mediated inflammation
Authors: Woo Kyun Bae, Ji Hee Lee, Jun Eul Hwang, Hyun Jeong Shim, Sang Hee Cho, Ik-Joo Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), inhibits the growth of several types of human cancer cells in vitro, but its therapeutic use is limited because it causes hypercalcemia. Among its analogs, 19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2 has fewer calcemic effects and exhibits an activity that is equipotent to that of calcitriol in several in vivo and in vitro systems. This study demonstrated that paricalcitol has antitumor activity in gastric cancer cells. Treatment with paricalcitol inhibited gastric cancer cell growth, induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and decreased the expression of cycle-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2). Additionally, paricalcitol led to apoptosis via induction of caspase-3 cleavage and decreased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-XL. Inhibition of STAT3, COX-2, and NF-κB activities was also observed. Moreover, growth of peritoneal metastases in vivo was significantly reduced in mice treated with19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2. These results suggest that the vitamin D analog (19-nor-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D2) has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity in gastric cancer cells, suggesting that it holds promise as a novel therapy for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3690. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3690
Congenital cerebral malformations and dysfunction in fetuses and newborns following the 2013 to 2014 Zika virus epidemic in French Polynesia
Authors: Marianne Besnard, Dominique Eyrolle-Guignot, Prisca Guillemette-Artur, Stéphane Lastère, Frédérique Bost-Bezeaud, Ludivine Marcelis, Véronique Abadie, Catherine Garel, Marie-Laure Moutard, Jean-Marie Jouannic, Flore Rozenberg, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart, Henri-Pierre Mallet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

We detected an unusual increase in congenital cerebral malformations and dysfunction in fetuses and newborns in French Polynesia, following an epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV), from October 2013 to March 2014. A retrospective review identified 19 cases, including eight with major brain lesions and severe microcephaly, six with severe cerebral lesions without microcephaly and five with brainstem dysfunction without visible malformations. Imaging revealed profound neurological lesions (septal and callosal disruption, ventriculomegaly, abnormal neuronal migration, cerebellar hypoplasia, occipital pseudocysts, brain calcifications). Amniotic fluid was drawn from seven cases at gestation weeks 20 to 29. ZIKV RNA was detected by RT-PCR and infectious ZIKV isolates were obtained in four of five microcephalic, but not in two non-microcephalic cases with severe brain lesions. Medical termination of pregnancy was performed in eleven cases; two cases with brainstem dysfunction died in the first months of life; six cases are alive, with severe neurological impairment. The results show that four of seven tested fetuses with major neurological injuries were infected with ZIKV in utero. For other non-microcephalic, congenital abnormalities we were not able to prove or exclude ZIKV infection retrospectively. The unusual occurrence of brain malformations or dysfunction without microcephaly following a ZIKV outbreak needs further studies.