tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3993: Stromal and epithelial microRNA signatures of early breast lesions linked to cancer progression
Authors: Sofie Nilsson, Craig Allred, Anthony Howell, Göran Landberg
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Columnar cell hyperplasia (CCH) is considered to originate in normal terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) and is potentially the first histologically identifiable alteration in the development of breast cancer. These lesions have been characterized to have a higher proliferation rate but the underlying mechanisms have not been studied. In order to detect early changes in breast cancer progression we therefore investigated microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in TDLUs and CCH. Epithelial cells and surrounding stroma of TDLUs and CCH from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from four patients with high risk of developing breast cancer were laser capture microdissected and RNA was extracted. MiRNA expression profiles were obtained using a qRT-PCR-based array analyzing 667 human miRNAs. Interestingly, array analysis indicated substantial downregulation of several miRNAs in both the epithelial and the stromal compartments of CCH. MiRNA array analysis of paired samples from specimens with both TDLUs and CCH resulted in significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) decreased levels of 15 miRNAs in epithelial cells of CCH (miR-532-3p, miR-92a, miR-886-3p, let-7c, miR-150, miR-27a, miR-491-5p, miR-130a, miR-365, miR-886-5p, miR-204, miR-135a*, miR-494, miR-29c, miR-768-3p) and downregulation of 18 miRNAs in the stroma (miR-195, miR-296-5p, miR-99a, miR-100, miR-224, let-7c, miR-19b, miR-423-5p, miR-26a, miR-511, miR-128, miR-203, miR-30b, miR-374a, miR-374b, miR-29b, let-7e, miR-10a). We next downregulated miR-27a and miR-92a in a CCH derived cell line and observed a significantly increased proliferation. Opposite effect was observed when the miRs were overexpressed altogether suggesting a proliferative inhibitory function for the selected miRNAs. The miRNA signatures indicate concordant early changes in the epithelial and stromal compartment and the findings could be useful in identifying early key alterations in breast cancer progression that potentially could be targeted in novel prevention or treatment schedules. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3993. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3993
Abstract 4738: Utilizing genotype imputation for the augmentation of sequence data
Authors: Brooke L. Fridley, Greg Jenkins, Matthew Deyo-Svendsen, Scott Hebbring, Robert Freimuth
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The advancement in genotyping technology and large SNP arrays has led to an increase in the number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for various complex traits. These GWAS have resulted in the implication of over 1500 SNPs for association with disease traits. However, the SNPs identified from these GWAS are not necessarily the functional variants. Therefore, the next phase in GWAS will involve the validation, augmentation and refining of these putative regions or loci. One possible “next phase” approach would be to catalog all variants found in the study subjects within the loci of interest using sequencing technology, followed by the association analysis. However, sequencing a locus in a large number of subjects is still relatively expensive. By sequencing only a portion of the samples for the follow-up of signals from GWAS, followed by imputation in the remaining samples, one can significantly reduced the cost to localize the punitive variant involved in the etiology of complex phenotypes. A potentially attractive alternative option would be to impute based only on the 1000 Genomes Project; however, this has the drawbacks of using a reference population that does not necessarily match with disease status and LD pattern. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate the ability to carry-out genotype imputation using a reference panel consisting of sequencing data for a fraction of the study participants. The various approaches were implemented using data from the candidate gene sequencing study conducted at the Mayo Clinic and the 1000 Genomes Project. Our results show that imputation of untyped markers based on sequencing a portion of the study participants is a reasonable, cost-saving, approach for disease mapping and the refinement of putative regions detected with GWAS. We recommend a few guidelines in designing sequencing studies to take advantage of the recent advances in genotype imputation: (1) Select the largest and most diverse reference panel for sequencing, with respect to both haplotypes and phenotypes. One can also use the 1000 Genomes Project in addition to the sequencing of a portion of the study participants; (2) Genotype as many “anchor” markers as possible, in that, the number of markers genotyped on all subjects impacts accuracy. Therefore, additional genotyping of a few common SNP markers not already genotyped on all subjects using a cost effective platform may be needed if the GWAS SNP array does not provide adequate coverage in the locus to be sequenced. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4738.
Large serrated polyp with KRAS mutation in inflammatory bowel disease: a “nondysplastic dysplasia-associated lesion or mass (DALM)”?
Authors: L. Setaffy, C. Högenauer, M. Lemmerer, C. Langner
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Patients with longstanding inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. A causal link between chronic inflammation and cancer is well recognized. Precursor lesions include flat dysplasia (intraepithelial neoplasia) and elevated dysplasia, also known as dysplasia-associated lesion or mass (DALM) [1].
P1101 THE VITAMIN D RECEPTOR FOKI GENE POLYMORPHISM IS ASSOCIATED WITH POOR RESPONSE TO TREATMENT IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C GENOTYPE 4
Authors: H. Shehab, D. Sabry, M. Mokhtar, M. Mabrouk, W. Elakel, M. Tawfik, Y. Korriem, G. Esmat
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 2641: Polymorphisms in pattern recognition genes in the innate immunity system and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Wei Hu, Jun Xu, Bryan A. Bassig, Tongzhang Zheng, Yawei Zhang, Sonja I. Berndt, Theodore R. Holford, H. Dean Hosgood, Brian Leaderer, Idan Menashe, Peter Boyle, Stephen Chanock, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The pattern recognition pathway plays an important role in infection recognition and immune responses, and previous studies have suggested an association between genetic variation in innate immunity genes and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We evaluated NHL risk associated with the common genetic variation in pattern recognition genes using data from a case-control study of NHL conducted in Connecticut women. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 27 pattern recognition genes were genotyped in 432 Caucasian incident NHL cases and 494 frequency-matched controls. Unconditional logistic regression was used to compute odds ratios (ORs) for NHL and four major NHL subtypes in relation to individual SNPs and haplotypes. A gene-based analysis that adjusted for the number of tagSNPs genotyped in each gene showed significant association with overall NHL for the MBP gene (p=0.028), with DLBCL subtype for the MASP2 gene (p=0.011), and with FL subtype for the DEFB126 (p=0.041). A SNP-based analysis showed that MBP rs8094402 was associated with decreased risks of overall NHL (allele risk OR=0.72, p-trend=0.0018), DLBCL (allele risk OR=0.72, p-trend=0.036), and FL (allele risk OR=0.67, p-trend=0.021). MASP2 rs12711521 was associated with a decreased risk of DLBCL (allele risk OR=0.57, p-trend=0.0042). We also observed an increased risk of FL for DEFB126 rs6054706 (allele risk OR=1.39, p-trend=0.033). Our results are suggestive of a potential role of the pattern recognition in susceptibility to NHL but require replication in larger studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2641. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2641
PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT OF THE “OLDEST-OLD” HOSPITALIZED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: THE SILVER AMI STUDY
Authors: Aakriti Gupta, Mary Geda, Terrence Murphy, Sui Tsang, Thomas Gill, Richard McNamara, John Dodson, Sarwat Chaudhry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Albumin-binding caspase-cleavable prodrug that is selectively activated in radiation exposed local tumor
Authors: Seung Woo Chung, Jeong uk Choi, Beom Seok Lee, Julia Byun, Ok-Cheol Jeon, Seong Who Kim, In-San Kim, Sang Yoon Kim, Youngro Byun
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Unusual 131Iodine Uptake in a Joint Demonstrated by SPECT/CT in a Patient With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Renaud Ciappuccini, Nicolas Aide, Laure Métayer, Stéphane Bardet
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

An 84-year-old woman was referred for radioiodine ablation 2 months after total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid cancer. Whole-body scan showed an 131Iodine focus in the left hand. 131Iodine uptake persisted after skin decontamination. SPECT/CT revealed focal uptake in the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb. Hybrid CT scan and medical history with clinical examination suggested osteoarthritis of the first metacarpophalangeal joint.
A rare case of migration of a T-tube into the duodenum
Authors: Mohan Joshi, Minakshi Gadhire, Mansha Singh, Raghav Shrotriya
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Migration of a biliary stent from the intrahepatic biliary tract into the duodenum is a known complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The procedure to remove these stents has also been reported in the literature. We report on a case of T-tube migration into the duodenum, and describe the cause of migration and the technique to remove the migrated T-tube. This has particular relevance to cases in which ERCP fails to remove large impacted calculi or when the terminal common bile duct (CBD) is narrow. These patients then undergo surgical removal of CBD stones.
Reuse in the brain and elsewhere
Authors: Björn Lindblom
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract Chemistry, genetics, physics, and linguistics all present instances of reuse. I use the example of how behavioral constraints may have contributed to the emergence of phonemic reuse. Arising from specific facts about speech production, perception, and learning, such constraints suggest that combinatorial reuse is domain-specific. This implies that it would be more prudent to view instances of neural reuse not as reflecting a “fundamental organizational principle,” but as a fortuitous set of converging phenomena.
Abstract 2495: Sepiapterin reductase interacts with Ornithine Decarboxylase and regulates neuroblastoma proliferation
Authors: Ingo Lange, Dana-Lynn T. Koomoa, Andre S. Bachmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ornithine Decarboxylase (ODC) is a key, rate-limiting enzyme in mammalian polyamine biosynthesis that is upregulated in various types of cancer including neuroblastoma (NB). MYCN is a transcription factor and proto-oncogene that has been shown to be a key prognostic factor associated with advanced stage NB. ODC is a transcriptional target of MYCN, and has been found to play a critical role in NB progression. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of ODC through drugs such as alpha-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) depletes intracellular polyamine pools and induces G1 cell cycle arrest. Our previous studies have shown that the anti-proliferative effect of DFMO in NB involves upregulation of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27 and downregulation of MYCN. In a search for novel regulators of ODC, we recently discovered that sepiapterin reductase (SPR), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, binds to ODC and may regulate ODC activity through a novel mechanism. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments using NB cell lysates show that ODC interacts with SPR. In addition, immunofluorescence staining and laser-scanning confocal microscopy confirm the co-localization of ODC and SPR. Furthermore, downregulation of SPR expression using siRNA targeting SPR results in significant inhibition of NB proliferation, without affecting ODC protein levels. These results suggest that the interaction between SPR and ODC may be critically important to ODC activity and function and may constitute a novel mechanism for the regulation of NB proliferation. This interaction may play a critical role in fundamental physiological and pathophysiological processes including the development and progression of NB. Understanding the novel interaction between ODC and SPR might play a crucial role for the development of new drugs targeting SPR for the treatment of NB and other MYC/ODC-driven diseases. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2495. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2495
A Case of Local Recurrent Pheochromocytoma
Authors: TSUYOSHI KOMORI, ISAMU NARABAYASHI, KENJI DOI, KOZO SUEYOSHI, YOSHIMITSU TATSU, KEITA UTSUNOMIYA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

It has been reported that 10% of patients with pheochromocytoma experience recurrence despite surgery. The authors administered I-123 MIBG to patients with recurrent pheochromocytoma and found that early images are more useful than delayed images to detect recurrence. Early imaging with I-123 MIBG is useful for postoperative follow-up studies in patients with pheochromocytoma and those with possible tumor recurrence.
18F-Fluorocholine Uptake in a Case of Adrenal Incidentaloma
Authors: Alessio Imperiale, José Facundo Cabral, Edmond Rust, Guadalupe Flores-Turk, Caroline Renard, Fabrice Hubele, Julien Detour, Hervé Lang, Afshin Gangi, Izzie-Jacques Namer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The understanding of radiotracer's physiological biodistribution as well as the potential source of false-positive results is crucial for an accurate diagnostic interpretation of (18)F-fluorocholine PET/CT examination in patients with prostate cancer. We illustrate the results of whole-body (18)F-fluorocholine PET/CT in a 79-year-old man with biochemical suspicion of prostate adenocarcinoma relapse. PET/CT study showed a focally increased (18)F-fluorocholine uptake, characterizing an incidentally found adrenocortical adenoma. Finally, we draw oncologists' attention to the possible false-positive results of (18)F-fluorocholine PET related to benign and unsuspected adrenocortical lesions in patients with a history of prostate malignancy.
FRI0222 Polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis reveal a similar pattern at PET-CT:
Authors: D. Camellino, S. Morbelli, F. Paparo, M. Cutolo, G. Sambuceti, M.A. Cimmino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) and giant cell arteritis (GCA) are two frequent overlapping diseases. The purpose of this work is to examine the relationship between these conditions by analysis of CT/PET findings. <h3>Methods</h3> Fourty consecutive, untreated patients (30 PMR, 10 GCA, of whom 6 also had PMR) and 40 age-matched controls with suspected neoplastic disease, but without autoimmune disease or previous chemiotherapy, radiotheraphy, and glucocorticoid treatment, were studied. They underwent simultaneous FDG-PET and CT imaging from the skull base to the knee using an integrated PET/CT scanner (Hirez; Siemens Medical Solutions, Knoxville TN, USA). Arterial and joint metabolism were calculated drawing regions of interest (ROIs) on thoracic and abdominal aorta, subclavian, common carotid, iliac and femoral arteries, on gleno-humeral, sternoclavicular, coxo-femural joints, and on trochanteric, and ischiatic bursae. Intergroup differences in arterial SUV were tested in each vascular and joint segment using the Kruskal-Wallis test (MedCalc, Belgium). <h3>Results</h3> Among the studied arteries, an increased uptake was seen only in the carotid arteries (see table) (p=0.04) in PMR patients vs. controls. The shoulder and sternoclavicular joints, and the trochanteric and ischiatic bursae were more commonly affected in patients than in controls. PMR patients showed an increased uptake in the shoulders also in comparison with GCA patients (p&lt;0.0001). In coxofemoral joints the uptake of patients and controls was similar. When all articular districts were considered together (mean joint uptake), there was significant difference between patients and controls (p&lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> With the limitation of the small number of GCA patients included and of the absence of histological data on the temporal arteries of PMR patients, our study confirms that PMR and GCA could be different forms of the same condition. In particular, large arteries inflammation was very similar, and not dissimilar from age-matched controls, except for the carotid arteries. Joint involvement was significantly more pronounced in PMR and GCA than in controls, except for the pelvic girdle. PET/CT, a minimally invasive technique, is an effective and objective method to evaluate inflammation in PMR/GCA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Elevated Fetal Hemoglobin Levels in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Gary G. Giulian, Enid F. Gilbert, Richard L. Moss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

The cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is unknown, although deficits in cardiopulmonary function and central respiratory control have been suggested as possible mechanisms of the disorder. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SIDS is associated with a delay in the maturation of hematopoiesis. Prolonged elevation in the levels of fetal hemoglobin (hemoglobin F) in infants with SIDS could denote a compromised delivery of oxygen to sensitive tissue sites. Normally, hemoglobin F (α2γ2) largely replaced by adult hemoglobin, hemoglobin A (α2β2), during the first six months after birth. Using an isoelectric-focusing procedure for measuring stable hemoglobin subunits, we quantitated the levels of hemoglobin F in blood samples from 59 patients with SIDS and 40 controls (32 living and 8 dead) matched for postconceptional age. The level of hemoglobin F in the population with SIDS was significantly higher than that in the controls in the age range tested (39 to 75 weeks); the mean (±SEM) proportion of hemoglobin F was 63.2±3.6 percent in the group with SIDS, as compared with 48.1±5.0 percent in the controls (P<0.025). The difference in hemoglobin F levels was most pronounced 50 weeks after conception: the proportion of hemoglobin F in the 37 patients with SIDS with a postconceptional age of more than 50 weeks was 47.4±3.6 percent, as compared with 18.8±3.1 percent in the 19 controls of that age (P<0.0005). We conclude that hemoglobin F is a useful postmortem marker for the population with SIDS that we studied and that it may have value as a prospective marker for some infants at risk for SIDS. (N Engl J Med 1987; 316:1122–6.)
Bifocal Intracranial germinoma (BIG): Is there a place for localized radiation?
Authors: M. M. Meshref, D. Frappaz, C. Alapetite, J. Gentet, Y. Perel, M. C. Baranzelli, P. Chastagner, C. Patte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8548 BACKGROUND Bifocal tumours represent 7–12 % of primary cerebral germ cell tumours and are mostly germinomas. The treatment of non metastatic germinomas includes either craniospinal irradiation (CSI) or chemotherapy with focal RT. BIG still represent a challenge. Should they be treated as localized or metastatic disease? This study aims to evaluate the outcome of treatment of BIG treated by chemotherapy followed by localized radiation to tumour bed in non metastatic disease METHODS The data of 118 patients included from 1990–1999 in the SFOP-TGM-TC 90–92 protocol for intracranial germ cell tumours were reviewed. The treatment of patients with germinomas (80 patients) included 2 cycles of alternating carboplatine/Etoposide and Ifosfamide /Etoposide followed by focal RT (40 Gy) delivered to initial target in localised diseases or CSI in metastatic patients. RESULTS 12/118 germ cell tumours had bifocal disease: 2/38 in the secreting group, 10/80 in the non secreting germinoma group. Two of these 10 were metastatic and were treated with chemotherapy followed by CSI. Thus 8 patients had localised BIG. One was electively treated by chemotherapy followed by CSI. Thus 7 received chemotherapy followed by focal RT with a 2 cm safety margin. With a mean follow-up of 108 months (76 to 144), only one patient suffered local relapse (at 28 months) and is currently (76 moths) in second CR. CONCLUSION This study suggests that when the therapeutic strategy includes chemotherapy prior to focal RT, BIG should be considered as local disease and does not require CSI. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reply to Bureš &amp; Rejchrt
Authors: A. C. F. Taylor, R. Y. M. Chen, P. V. Desmond
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

We thank Drs Bureš and Rejchrt for their comments on our paper. We agree that optimal positioning of the overtube is not always straightforward and that the overtube tip does not always lie in the ideal position in the duodenum. Their comments on the x-ray images shown in our article are understandable, but we do not believe their interpretation is correct. Interpretation of the x-ray images is somewhat difficult because of the position of the patient. Although the caption states that the patient is in the left lateral position, it can be seen that the patient has rolled forward somewhat, as the spine is not the most lateral point on the image. Nevertheless, the position is mainly lateral, so the loop of the duodenum passes posteriorly from the stomach and then superiorly and anteriorly to the duodenojejunal flexure. Hence, the arrows indicating the tip of the overtube in the proximal duodenum and the duodenojejunal flexure are correct.