tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects Of Dalteparin On The Heparanase/Syndecan-1 Axis In a Randomized Phase 2 Clinical Trial Of Patients With Treatment-Naive Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Sikander Ailawadhi, Howard A Liebman, Susan Groshen, Denice D. Tsao-Wei, Leanne Rochanda, Ibrahim Aldoss, Casey O'Connell, Teresa Wang, Christine Duran, Frederick Rickles
Journal: Blood (2013)
Case 49-1966
Authors: Guillermo C. Sanchez, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

Presentation of CaseA forty-three-year-old woman was referred to the hospital for ligation of the inferior vena cava.For several years she had had hypertension, for which medications were prescribed but taken intermittently. Three years before admission a murmur was found on a routine physical examination. Ten weeks before entry a cough and substernal pain on exertion developed. A physician made a diagnosis of pneumonia and prescribed antibiotics, but she did not improve and was admitted to another hospital. Physical examination at that time revealed diminished breath sounds at the base of the left lung and a Grade 2 precordial . . .
OC-039 Detection of dysplasia arising in barrett’s oesophagus is improved by trained endoscopists with a specialist interest and dedicated lists: Abstract OC-039 Table 1
Authors: JM Dunn, G Walker, J Ooi, S DeMartino, J O’Donohue, D Reffitt, J Meenan
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Barrett’s oesophagus (BE) is the pre-malignant lesion to oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC). The presence of dysplasia, when diagnosed in surveillance programmes, is an important marker of risk of progression and an indication for endoscopic therapy. We have previously demonstrated that BE surveillance technique is variable and suggest centralised lists with few highly trained endoscopists. The aim of this study was to assess the introduction of dedicated BE surveillance lists on dysplasia detection rate (DDR). <h3>Method</h3> Prospective study of patients undergoing BE surveillance at two hospitals – district general hospital (DGH), and tertiary referral upper GI centre. A group of 4 endoscopists (group A) were trained in Prague classification, Seattle protocol biopsy technique and lesion detection. They were nominated to undertake BE surveillance, with dedicated time slots or lists. The DDR was then compared with historical data from 47 different endoscopists at GSTT (group B) and 24 at UHL (Group C) who had undertaken Barrett’s surveillance over the 5 year period. Analysis was by independent t-tests for continuous variables and chi-squared tests for categorical variables. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 729 patients with BE underwent endoscopy, between 2007 and 2012. Results are shown in Table 1. There was no significant difference in patient’s age, sex or length of BE between the three groups. Of these, 21% (30/144) were diagnosed with dysplasia/EAC by group A endoscopists vs. 9% (55/587) in Group B/C (p = 0.0004). There was a significant difference in detection rate of Indefinite or Low grade dysplasia (IND/LGD) and High grade dysplasia (HGD)/EAC between the 2 groups. There was a significant difference in diagnosis of IND in community (25/271) vs. teaching hospital (5/458) (p = 0.0001). Documentation of length of BE by Prague criteria was significantly higher in group A than group B&amp;C. The use of High Resolution Endoscopy was similar between both groups. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates that a group of endoscopists trained in BE surveillance, have significantly higher dysplasia detection rate (DDR) than a non specialist cohort. These findings support the argument that BE surveillance, either at DGH or tertiary centre, should only be carried out on dedicated lists by trained endoscopists with a specialist interest. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Cancer Incidence in the Bantu and “Cape Colored” Races of South Africa: Report of a Cancer Survey in the Transvaal (1953–55)2
Authors: John Higginson, A. G. Oettlé
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Cancer Incidence in the Bantu and "Cape Colored" Races of South Africa: Report of a Cancer Survey in the Transvaal (1953–55) Get access John Higginson, John Higginson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. G. Oettlé A. G. Oettlé Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 24, Issue 3, March 1960, Pages 589–671, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/24.3.589 Published: 01 March 1960 Article history Received: 23 July 1959 Published: 01 March 1960
Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Secondary to Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis: Predictors of Respiratory Failure and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Rodrigo Cartin‐Ceba, Luis Diaz‐Caballero, Mazen O. Al‐Qadi, Stavros Tryfon, Fernando C. Fervenza, Steven R. Ytterberg, Ulrich Specks
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To identify predictors of respiratory failure and to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of plasma exchange (PE) and of rituximab versus cyclophosphamide in a cohort of patients with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) secondary to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) with or without respiratory failure. We performed a single-center historical cohort study of all consecutive patients with AAV-associated DAH who were evaluated over a 16-year period. Logistic regression models were developed to examine the predictive role of the baseline clinical characteristics for the development of respiratory failure, and for the effect of PE and remission induction therapy on the main outcome (complete remission at 6 months). Seventy-three patients with DAH were identified, and 34 of them experienced respiratory failure. The degree of hypoxemia upon initial presentation, a higher percentage of neutrophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cell count, and higher C-reactive protein levels were independently associated with the development of respiratory failure. PE was not associated with achieving complete remission at 6 months, with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.49 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.12-1.95) (P = 0.32). Rituximab treatment was independently associated with achieving complete remission at 6 months (OR 6.45 [95% CI 1.78-29], P = 0.003). Our findings indicate that the most important predictor of respiratory failure in patients with DAH secondary to AAV is the degree of hypoxemia upon presentation. No clear benefit of the addition of PE to standard remission induction therapy was demonstrated. Complete remission by 6 months was achieved at a higher rate with rituximab than with cyclophosphamide in patients with DAH secondary to AAV, including those needing mechanical ventilation.
Abstract 18871: Coagulation Factor Xa Promotes Endothelial Cell Senescence Via P53 Up-regulation
Authors: Fumihiro Sanada, Yoshiaki Taniyama, Jyun Muratsu, Rei Otsu, Hiromi Rakugi, Ryuichi Morishita
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Factor Xa (FXa) occupies a central place in coagulation cascade as a convergence point between intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. Apart from this activity, the non-hemostatic function of FXa through protease activated receptors (PARs) triggers an intracellular activation that can initiate signaling cascades regulating migration and survival of cells. However, the direct effect of FXa on angiogenesis in endothelial cells (ECs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that FXa treatment on both ECs and EPCs significantly increases the expression of p53 protein through PAR2 (p&lt;0.05). Activation of p53 proteins resulted in impairment of migration and tube formation of these cells. Moreover, chronic FXa stimulation on ECs and EPCs induced cell senescence assessed by Senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining (p&lt;0.05). These unfavorable effect of FXa on ECs and EPCs were diminished by co-treatment with FXa inhibitor, rivaroxaban. To test whether these in vitro observation has an in vivo counterparts, chronically treated EPCs with FXa were intravenously injected immediately after femoral artery ligation in mouse ischemic hind limb model. Laser doppler image (LDI) analysis showed that EPCs enhanced the recovery of ischemic limb perfusion and this beneficial effect of EPC was significantly blunted by FXa. Additionally, the increase in capillary density by EPCs injection was inhibited by the treatment with FXa. However, treatment with rivaroxaban significantly increased ischemic limb perfusion and capillary density compared to FXa treatment group (p&lt;0.05). In summary, these observation indicates anti-angiogenic property of FXa via p53 upregulation. FXa inhibitor, rivaroxaban, might work as anti-senescence and maintain angiogenic ability of ECs and EPCs.
Factors Affecting Myocardial Storage and Release of Catecholamines
Authors: KYOHEI KAKO, ATHANASIOS CHRYSOHOU, RICHARD J. BING
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The factors affecting myocardial storage and release of catecholamines were investi gated. The catecholainine concentration of heart muscle of normal dogs averaged 0.617 g. per Gm. of heart muscle. Ventricular tachycardia, fibrillation, and reserpine caused a slight reduction in myocardial catechol amine concentration, while nicotine resulted in a slight increase. Iproniazid was without effect. The injection of the amino acid, Dopa, and of the combinatiou of Dopa and iproni azid, resulted in a significant elevation of catecholamines in heart muscle. In animals pretreated with Dopa and iproniazid, nicotine caused a significant in crease in myocardial catecholaniines. It is likely that stimulation of the adrenal medulla and sympathetic nerve endings by nicotine elevated catecholamine levels in blood, with subsequent storage in the heart and other organs.
Ovarian Cancer Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Robert J Morgan, Ronald D Alvarez, Deborah K Armstrong, Lee-may Chen, Larry Copeland, James Fiorica, Jeff Fowler, David K Gaffney, David Gershenson, Benjamin E Greer, Edward C Grendys, Carolyn Johnston, Shashikant Lele, Ursula A Matulonis, Kelly L Molpus, Robert F Ozols, Paul Sabbatini, Joseph T Santoso, John Soper, Nelson Teng
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2004)

Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in the United States and the country's fourth most common cause of cancer mortality in women. In the year 2004, there will be an estimated 25,580 new diagnoses and an estimated 16,090 deaths from this neoplasm. The incidence increases with age and is most prevalent in the eighth decade of life, with an incidence rate of 57/100,000 women. The median age at the time of diagnosis is 63 years, and 70% of patients present with advanced disease. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Women in midlife: decisions, rewards, and conflicts related to work and careers
Authors: K M Mogul
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The author discusses the role of an occupation in the psychic economy of women in midlife and the diagnostic and therapeutic function of attention to work-related issues. Clinical examples are grouped according to commonly encountered patterns as these result from prevous developmental choices and as they show some of the possible repercussions during the middle years. In psychotherapy with midlife women it is important to address work-related issues in terms of the interplay among previous development, age-specific factors, and social realities and changes as well as neurotic factors.
Enhanced Biological Functions of Human Mesenchymal Stem‐Cell Aggregates Incorporating E‐Cadherin‐Modified PLGA Microparticles
Authors: Yan Zhang, Hongli Mao, Chao Gao, Suhua Li, Qizhi Shuai, Jianbin Xu, Ke Xu, Lei Cao, Ren Lang, Zhongwei Gu, Toshihiro Akaike, Jun Yang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as a promising source of multipotent cells for various cell-based therapies due to their unique properties, and formation of 3D MSC aggregates has been explored as a potential strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy. In this study, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles modified with human E-cadherin fusion protein (hE-cad-PLGA microparticles) have been fabricated and integrated with human MSCs to form 3D cell aggregates. The results show that, compared with the plain PLGA, the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles distribute within the aggregates more evenly and further result in a more significant improvement of cellular proliferation and secretion of a series of bioactive factors due to the synergistic effects from the bioactive E-cadherin fragments and the PLGA microparticles. Meanwhile, the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles incorporated in the aggregates upregulate the phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptors and activate the AKT and ERK1/2 signaling pathways in the MSCs. Additionally, the E-cadherin/β-catenin cellular membrane complex in the MSCs is markedly stimulated by the hE-cad-PLGA microparticles. Therefore, engineering 3D cell aggregates with hE-cad-PLGA microparticles can be a promising method for ex vivo multipotent stem-cell expansion with enhanced biological functions and may offer a novel route to expand multipotent stem-cell-based clinical applications.
Eradication of Acute Myeloid Leukemia with FLT3 Ligand–Targeted miR-150 Nanoparticles
Authors: Xi Jiang, Jason Bugno, Chao Hu, Yang Yang, Tobias Herold, Jun Qi, Ping Chen, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Stephen Arnovitz, Jennifer Strong, Kyle Ferchen, Bryan Ulrich, Hengyou Weng, Yungui Wang, Hao Huang, Shenglai Li, Mary Beth Neilly, Richard A. Larson, Michelle M. Le Beau, Stefan K. Bohlander, Jie Jin, Zejuan Li, James E. Bradner, Seungpyo Hong, Jianjun Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common and fatal form of hematopoietic malignancy. Overexpression and/or mutations of FLT3 have been shown to occur in the majority of cases of AML. Our analysis of a large-scale AML patient cohort (N = 562) indicates that FLT3 is particularly highly expressed in some subtypes of AML, such as AML with t(11q23)/MLL-rearrangements or FLT3-ITD. Such AML subtypes are known to be associated with unfavorable prognosis. To treat FLT3-overexpressing AML, we developed a novel targeted nanoparticle system: FLT3 ligand (FLT3L)-conjugated G7 poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) nanosized dendriplex encapsulating miR-150, a pivotal tumor suppressor and negative regulator of FLT3 We show that the FLT3L-guided miR-150 nanoparticles selectively and efficiently target FLT3-overexpressing AML cells and significantly inhibit viability/growth and promote apoptosis of the AML cells. Our proof-of-concept animal model studies demonstrate that the FLT3L-guided miR-150 nanoparticles tend to concentrate in bone marrow, and significantly inhibit progression of FLT3-overexpressing AML in vivo, while exhibiting no obvious side effects on normal hematopoiesis. Collectively, we have developed a novel targeted therapeutic strategy, using FLT3L-guided miR-150-based nanoparticles, to treat FLT3-overexpressing AML with high efficacy and minimal side effects. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4470-80. ©2016 AACR.
Darrell Sheldon Wilkinson, MD, FRCP, FRSM
Authors: Martin M. Black
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

One of the great doyens of British Dermatology Dr Darrell Wilkinson died suddenly on 16 August 2009, only a few days after celebrating his 90th birthday, at home with family and friends. Darrell Sheldon Wilkinson was born on 7 August 1919 in Gillingham, Kent, the only son of Edgar Sheldon Wilkinson, a Surgeon Commander in the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve (RNVR) and later a GP in London. His mother Muriel (Mitzi) was a lady with prodigious intellect and talent who became a concert grade pianist. Darrell was educated at Epsom College but while there his father died. Consequently he was brought up mostly by his grandparents and aunts but also became greatly influenced by his housemaster and Latin teacher. From his mother and housemaster he acquired a lifelong love of Greek and Roman history, classical music, poetry and culture. Initially Darrell studied classics but soon switched to science and gained a scholarship into St Thomas’ Hospital in London. He graduated MRCS, LRCP in January 1942. This, of course, was right in the middle of World War II. Darrell recalls the red glow of London being bombed and was at St Thomas’ Hospital the night it was extensively damaged (15 September 1940). It was here at St Thomas’ that he met his future wife Jo who was at the Nightingale School of Nursing and they married after the war was over. Darrell spent an abbreviated period as House Surgeon and House Physician at St Thomas’ Hospital and its affiliated hospital, Hydestile, before going to Rye as an assistant GP.
Associations Between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife
Authors: Madeline H. Meier, Avshalom Caspi, Magdalena Cerdá, Robert J. Hancox, HonaLee Harrington, Renate Houts, Richie Poulton, Sandhya Ramrakha, W. Murray Thomson, Terrie E. Moffitt
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

After major policy changes in the United States, policymakers, health care professionals, and the general public seek information about whether recreational cannabis use is associated with physical health problems later in life.To test associations between cannabis use over 20 years and a variety of physical health indexes at early midlife.Participants belonged to a representative birth cohort of 1037 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1972 and 1973 and followed to age 38 years, with 95% retention (the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study). We tested whether cannabis use from ages 18 to 38 years was associated with physical health at age 38, even after controlling for tobacco use, childhood health, and childhood socioeconomic status. We also tested whether cannabis use from ages 26 to 38 years was associated with within-individual health decline using the same measures of health at both ages.We assessed frequency of cannabis use and cannabis dependence at ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38 years.We obtained laboratory measures of physical health (periodontal health, lung function, systemic inflammation, and metabolic health), as well as self-reported physical health, at ages 26 and 38 years.The 1037 study participants were 51.6% male (n = 535). Of these, 484 had ever used tobacco daily and 675 had ever used cannabis. Cannabis use was associated with poorer periodontal health at age 38 years and within-individual decline in periodontal health from ages 26 to 38 years. For example, cannabis joint-years from ages 18 to 38 years was associated with poorer periodontal health at age 38 years, even after controlling for tobacco pack-years (β = 0.12; 95% CI, 0.05-0.18; P <.001). Additionally, cannabis joint-years from ages 26 to 38 years was associated with poorer periodontal health at age 38 years, even after accounting for periodontal health at age 26 years and tobacco pack-years (β = 0.10; 95% CI, 0.05-0.16; P <.001) However, cannabis use was unrelated to other physical health problems. Unlike cannabis use, tobacco use was associated with worse lung function, systemic inflammation, and metabolic health at age 38 years, as well as within-individual decline in health from ages 26 to 38 years.Cannabis use for up to 20 years is associated with periodontal disease but is not associated with other physical health problems in early midlife.
Adding biological markers to COPD categorisation schemes: a way towards more personalised care?
Authors: Nicolas Roche
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is now considered as a markedly complex and heterogeneous disease [1]. Some authors even advocated that it should be called a syndrome rather than a disease [2]. Its heterogeneity is apparent in terms of clinical characteristics, natural history and prognosis, and response to treatment. It may relate to variations in the pathophysiological mechanisms involved (endotypes), which result from different complex interactions between environmental exposures (not restricted to cigarette smoke) and susceptibility genes, most of which still remain to be identified [3]. Biomarkers may help progression from personalised to precision medicine in COPD <http://ow.ly/Z108i>
Settings for identifying recent HIV infections: the Portuguese experience
Authors: H Cortes Martins, M T Paixão
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Portugal has been the western European country with the highest rate of notified acquired immunodeficiency [corrected] syndrome (AIDS) cases since 1999 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection cases since 2000. Nonetheless, exact information on the magnitude and trends of recently acquired infections is missing. In a cross-sectional study we aimed to determine HIV prevalence, the proportion of recently acquired infections and the incidence among patients attending a Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic and among HIV positive cases tested at the AIDS Reference Laboratory (ARL), by using the Avidity Index (AI) of antibodies to identify recent HIV-1 seroconversions. Demographic and behavioural data were collected. At the STI clinic 253 patients were enrolled, 16 were found to be HIV infected (14 HIV-1, 2 HIV-2) and a prevalence of 6.3% was obtained. Four recent HIV-1 infections were identified and the HIV-1 incidence was 3.3% per year. At the ARL, 332 newly diagnosed cases of HIV-1 infection were studied, 59 (17.8%) were recent infections and an annual incidence of 4.1% was estimated. These findings support STI clinics as key sentinel sites for recently acquired HIV infections and illustrate the viability of testing for recent HIV infections in these settings and reinforce the value of this method in the surveillance for better monitoring current trends of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Portugal.
Relationship of psychological processes during delirium to outcome
Authors: K Blank, S Perry
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

To determine which psychological processes during delirium might correlate with and predict postdelirium psychological outcome, the authors prospectively studied 34 burn patients who became delirious during hospitalization. After the delirium resolved, seven of the 25 survivors had severe psychological symptoms--either depression or posttraumatic stress disorders. During delirium, this outcome group was clinically distinctive: They showed significantly more preoccupation with their trauma and injury, had greater anxiety and fear, and differed in their use of defensive operations. These findings suggest modifying the standard approach to the delirious patient.