tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical meaningfulness of complete skin clearance in psoriasis
Authors: Bruce Strober, Kim A. Papp, Mark Lebwohl, Kristian Reich, Carle Paul, Andrew Blauvelt, Kenneth B. Gordon, Cassandra E. Milmont, Hema N. Viswanathan, Joanne Li, Lionel Pinto, David J. Harrison, Greg Kricorian, Ajay Nirula, Paul Klekotka
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
P1160 : ANTI-GP210 antibody is a serological marker for the progression to end-stage enlarged liver with micronodular cirrhosis in primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: M. Nakamura, A. Mori, T. Tanaka, N. Yamashiki, K. Shirabe, Y. Maehara, N. Kokudo, S. Uemoto, S. Aishima
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Scabies
Authors: Olivier Chosidow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 30-year-old man notes diffuse, intense itching. He reports that his girlfriend has the same itchiness. Examination of the skin reveals interdigital lesions, with small papules, vesicles, and excoriations on the hands and indurated nodules on the genitalia, all of which are suggestive of classic scabies. How should this case be managed?
Randomized Phase II Study of Trabectedin and Doxorubicin Compared With Doxorubicin Alone as First-Line Treatment in Patients With Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas: A Spanish Group for Research on Sarcoma Study
Authors: Javier Martin-Broto, Antonio López Pousa, Ramón de las Peñas, Xavier García del Muro, Antonio Gutierrez, Javier Martinez-Trufero, Josefina Cruz, Rosa Alvarez, Ricardo Cubedo, Andrés Redondo, Joan Maurel, Juan A. Carrasco, José A. López-Martin, Ángeles Sala, José Andrés Meana, Rafael Ramos, Jordi Martinez-Serra, José A. Lopez-Guerrero, Isabel Sevilla, Carmen Balaña, Ángeles Vaz, Ana De Juan, Regina Alemany, Andrés Poveda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Doxorubicin and trabectedin are considered active drugs in soft tissue sarcoma (STS). The combination of both drugs was hypothesized to be advantageous and safe on the basis of preclinical evidence and a previous phase I trial, respectively. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of trabectedin plus doxorubicin with doxorubicin as first-line treatment of advanced STS patients. Patients and Methods In this open-label randomized phase II trial, the main end point was progression-free survival (PFS). Trabectedin 1.1 mg/m 2 in a 3-hour infusion plus doxorubicin 60 mg/m 2 as the experimental arm and doxorubicin 75 mg/m 2 as the control arm were administered for up to six cycles. Translational research was planned to correlate the expression of apoptotic and DNA repair genes with clinical outcome. Results In 115 randomly assigned patients, the median PFS was 5.5 months in the control arm and 5.7 months in the experimental arm (hazard ratio, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.71; P = .45) in the intent-to-treat analysis. The trial was stopped for futility after the interim analysis, because the results in the experimental arm showed the risk reduction for the main end point to be &lt; 9.64%. The proportion of patients with grade 3 or 4 thrombocytopenia, asthenia, and liver toxicity was significantly higher in the experimental arm. FAS and p53 were shown to be prognostic factors for PFS (7.0 months if FAS+ and p53−; 3.4 months if FAS+/p53+ or FAS−/p53−; and 0.7 months if FAS− and p53+; P &lt; .001) and for overall survival. Conclusion Trabectedin plus doxorubicin did not show superiority over doxorubicin alone as first-line treatment of advanced STS. The prognostic role of apoptotic key genes, FAS and p53, was shown to be robust enough to continue this research line.
Abstract P5-03-03: Designing a novel platinum chemotherapeutic (IO-125) for treatment of breast cancer
Authors: A Sengupta, M Roy, A Sarkar, S Mylavarapu, S Modi, N Gupta, H B, S Hossain, A Ansari, M Pandey, Y Yadav, S Sengupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of cancer occurring in 15-20% of breast cancer patients, with most patients relapsing on currently approved therapy. Recent studies have shown activity of platinum chemotherapy in this class of patients. IO-125 is a novel platinum (II) chemotherapeutic agent with an unique coordination environment. In this study, we investigated the anti-tumor activity of IO-125 in pre-clinical models of TNBC. The coordination environment in IO-125 facilitates supramolecular assembly and releases diaminocyclohexane (DACH)-platinum in a sustained pH-dependent manner. In vitro cell viability studies using an array of breast cancer cell lines shows IO-125 exerts increased potency compared to carboplatin or oxaliplatin. The maximum tolerated (platinum-equivalent) dose (MTD) of IO-125 in mice was 8-fold higher than the MTD (platinum-equivalent) dose of oxaliplatin. The biodistribution and pharmacokinetic profile of IO-125 in plasma and tumor revealed preferential tumor accumulation, significantly increased area-under-the-curve (AUC), a reduction in clearance (CL) and a longer terminal half-life (42 hours) in comparison to oxaliplatin (18 hours). In addition, DNA-Pt adduct formation in tumors was significantly higher for IO-125. When administered at their respective MTDs, IO-125 led to sustained regression of the tumor in a 4T1 syngeneic breast cancer model. Based on these observations, we conclude that IO-125 may emerge as a novel therapeutic against triple negative breast cancer. Citation Format: Sengupta A, Roy M, Sarkar A, Mylavarapu S, Modi S, Gupta N, B H, Hossain S, Ansari A, Pandey M, Yadav Y, Sengupta S. Designing a novel platinum chemotherapeutic (IO-125) for treatment of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-03.
Infection risks from water in natural and man-made environments
Authors: G Nichols
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

People can catch diarrhoeal diseases from contamination of both natural and man-made environments with human or animal faeces. Young children are more likely to be susceptible to the agents and to be exposed. While some diarrhoeal diseases acquired in childhood can be relatively mild and give some protection as an adult, others are more severe. The two papers presented in this issue of Eurosurveillance describe, on the face of it, unremarkable small outbreaks; one, from Chikwe Ihekweazu et al, linked to exposure to a stream contaminated with Escherichia coli from animal faeces [1]; the other, from Melanie Jones et al, to exposure to a water feature contaminated with Cryptosporidium parvum from either animal or human faeces [2].
Aminofluorenols as Urinary Metabolites of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-2-Fluorenylacetamide
Authors: John H. Weisburger, Elizabeth K. Weisburger, Harold P. Morris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The isomeric hydroxylated derivatives of 2-fluorenamine, i.e., the 2-amino-1-, -3-, -5-, -7-, and -8-fluorenols, were found in small amounts as free compounds and as glucuronic acid conjugates in the urine of rats given N-2-fluorenylacetamide. The presence of the metabolites was established by specially designed solvent partition steps followed by chromatography and specific isotope-dilution procedures. The aminofluorenols could be the result of the hydroxylation of 2-fluorenamine or the deacetylation of the corresponding N-(hydroxy-2-fluorenyl) acetamides which are known metabolites of N-2-fluorenylacetamide.
Rat Liver Adenosinetriphosphatase: Changes Following Experimental Carbon Tetrachloride Administration
Authors: P F SCHATZKI
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Masochistic personality: an empirical study
Authors: F Kass, R A MacKinnon, R L Spitzer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors collected therapists' ratings of 10 masochistic personality traits in 59 patients who were in psychotherapy. The traits were found to be common and to have good internal consistency. These data were presented to the Advisory Committee on Personality Disorders of the Work Group to Revise DSM-III to facilitate discussion of the possible inclusion of masochistic personality in the revised version of DSM-III.
Abstract OT2-01-04: E2112: Randomized phase III trial of endocrine therapy plus entinostat/placebo in patients with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. A trial of the ECOG-ACRIN cancer research group
Authors: R Connolly, F Zhao, K Miller, A Tevaarwerk, L Wagner, M Lee, J Murray, R Gray, R Piekarz, JA Zujewski, J Sparano
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: A potential mechanism of resistance to endocrine therapy in breast cancer involves changes in gene expression secondary to epigenetic modifications, which might be modulated with the use of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as entinostat. ENCORE 301, a phase II study evaluating the addition of entinostat to the steroidal aromatase inhibitor (AI) exemestane in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive advanced breast cancer who had experienced disease progression after a non-steroidal AI (NSAI), showed a significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Entinostat has been designated a Breakthrough Therapy by the FDA. Methods: E2112 is a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase III study (NCT02115282) enrolling patients with advanced HR-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer with prior disease progression on a NSAI (n=600). Patients receive exemestane 25mg po daily and entinostat/placebo 5mg po every week. Eligibility: Postmenopausal women and men, ECOG 0-1, locally advanced/metastatic invasive adenocarcinoma of the breast: ER/PR-positive, HER2-negative, measurable or non-measurable (20% cap) disease. Disease progression after NSAI use in the metastatic setting OR relapse while on or within ≤ 12 months of end of adjuvant NSAI therapy. Statistics: Both PFS (central review) and OS are primary endpoints, and the study is designed to show an improvement in either PFS or OS. Secondary endpoints include: Safety and tolerability, objective response rate, changes in lysine acetylation status in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, patient-reported symptom burden and treatment toxicities, adherence. One-sided type 1 error 0.025 split between two hypotheses tests: 0.001 for PFS test and 0.024 for OS. PFS is tested in the first 360 pts, 88.5% power to detect 42% reduction in the hazard of PFS failure (median PFS 4.1 to 7.1 months); OS is tested in all 600 pts, 80% power to detect 25% reduction in the hazard of death (median OS 22 to 29.3 months). E2112 was activated in March 2014 and accrual is anticipated to complete in 40 months. Citation Format: Connolly R, Zhao F, Miller K, Tevaarwerk A, Wagner L, Lee M, Murray J, Gray R, Piekarz R, Zujewski JA, Sparano J. E2112: Randomized phase III trial of endocrine therapy plus entinostat/placebo in patients with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer. A trial of the ECOG-ACRIN cancer research group. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-01-04.
Abstract 47: Nucleophosmin/B23 (NPM/B23) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) in endometrial cancer
Authors: Chiao Yun Lin, Angel Chao, Tzu-Hao Wang, Chyong-Huey Lai
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Unopposed estrogen exposure is an important factor in the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancer. We aim to investigate the regulatory role of NPM/B23 in estrogen signaling in endometrial cancer. Methods: To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we performed RT-qPCR, western blotting, promoter assay, immunoprecipitation, proliferation assay, protein stability assay, and ubiquitination assay in endometrial cancer cell lines. Results: NPM/B23 was required for estrogen-induced endometrial proliferation, and the increase in NPM/B23 was estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha)-dependent. Furthermore, estrogen increased NPM/B23 protein levels by repressing its ubiquitination and subsequently stabilizing the protein. The overexpression of alternate reading frame (ARF) suppressed the estrogen-induced increase in the NPM/B23 protein levels, indicating that ARF inhibited the observed estrogen-mediated NPM/B23 stabilization. Suppression of the NPM/B23-ARF interfered with the interaction and the subsequent increase in NPM/B23 protein levels. Conclusions: Characterization of NPM/B23 in estrogen-mediated cell proliferation may extend our understanding of the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancers. Targeting B23 with hormonal therapy can be further explored for the treatment of endometrial cancer. Citation Format: Chiao Yun Lin, Angel Chao, Tzu-Hao Wang, Chyong-Huey Lai. Nucleophosmin/B23 (NPM/B23) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) in endometrial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; Jun 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(1_Suppl):Abstract nr 47.
Abstract IA18: Thinking outside the box: New areas in prevention research.
Authors: Shelley S. Tworoger
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Due to its high fatality, ovarian cancer is a key public health problem. Identifying high-risk women is particularly important, as bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy reduces risk by &amp;gt;90%; However, because this surgery has other negative health consequences (e.g., increased risk of heart disease), it is indicated only for women with BRCA or other high-risk genetic variants. Unfortunately, current etiologic understanding of ovarian cancer and its risk factors does not have the predictive capacity needed to identify women who could benefit from prophylactic surgery. Thus the primary goal of prevention research is to identify new, potentially modifiable risk factors for ovarian cancer that have the capability to both improve risk prediction and create new opportunities for other prevention modalities. A number of challenges, including tumor heterogeneity, require “out-of-the-box” approaches to conducting prevention research. In this talk, I will discuss several examples of opportunities to advance prevention research including novel approaches to characterizing ovarian tumors in epidemiologic studies, using basic research to motivate the evaluation of new potential risk factors, and considering etiologically susceptible windows of exposure. Finally, I will discuss existing consortial resources within the ovarian cancer research community that are open to collaboration. Citation Format: Shelley S. Tworoger. Thinking outside the box: New areas in prevention research. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr IA18.
Viral haemorrhagic fevers in Europe – Effective control requires a co-ordinated response
Authors: N Crowcroft, D Morgan, D  W Brown
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

Viral haemorrhagic fevers (VHF) have attracted the attention of the medical world and general public for many reasons, some based in reality and more on misinformation. They are amongst the highest profile infections in the public mind, because they are thought to be highly infectious and to kill most of their victims in a dramatic way (1,2). To add to the intrigue, mysteries remain about the source of some of the viruses involved. They emerge and re-emerge in many countries, most recently Ebola in Uganda in 2000 (3) and Gabon in 2001/02 (4), and Congo Crimean Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in Kosovo (5) and Pakistan in 2001 (6). Large outbreaks have affected populations in endemic areas, living mainly in inaccessible areas or refugee camps where living conditions are very difficult. Poorly resourced medical facilities have played a role in amplifying transmission and infection control measures have been difficult or virtually impossible to establish. These viruses are likely to remain a threat until the reservoir is identified and as long as endemic areas are afflicted with ecological change, poverty and social instability. Recent events since September 11 2001 remind us of their potential to be used as weapons, and that fear can present a risk to public health.
A randomized controlled study of psychiatric consultation guided by screening in general medical inpatients
Authors: J L Levenson, R M Hamer, L F Rossiter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that psychiatric consultation would reduce health care utilization during and after medical hospitalization.A randomized, double-controlled clinical trial of psychiatric consultation was conducted on the general medical inpatient services of a university hospital. After meeting inclusion criteria, 1,541 patients were screened for depression, anxiety, confusion, and pain over a period of 21 months. The 741 patients with high levels of psychopathology or pain were subdivided into baseline control subjects (N = 232), contemporaneous control subjects (N = 253), and an experimental consultation group (N = 256). The major outcome measures were length of hospital stay and hospital costs. Secondary outcome measures were posthospital health status, rehospitalization rates, and use of outpatient medical care.This study did not demonstrate an effect of experimental psychiatric consultation on hospital resource use or posthospital medical care utilization after adjustment was made for disease severity. Hospital resource use decreased in the entire sample over the 21-month duration of the study.The brief, efficient screen for anxiety, depression, confusion, and pain identified a group of patients who also used more hospital resources, but a single experimental psychiatric consultation did not reduce costs. The double-controlled nature of the design proved essential to avoid being misled by background changes in hospital resource use.
IMPROVEMENT—REAL OR APPARENT?
Authors: RUTH POWELL KANE, GUINEVERE S. CHAMBERS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1961)

This survey revealed a more hopeful outcome for this group of seriously sick children than previous reports have suggested. It is gratifying to find that so many are doing well and that others, doing less well, are so comfortably absorbed by their families. Most encouraging of all are the reports on the 4 non-verbal autistic children who now talk and are active in society outside the home. This is especially heartening when one considers how late in life it was before any intervention occurred for some of these children. Outcome is related not only to original diagnosis but also to a complex of attitudinal and social factors. In many cases, one is left to conclude that the Critical elements in improvement can never be isolated. Or, sometimes, improvement, like beauty, lies in the eye of the beholder.
Follow-up care of breast cancer survivors: Survey of patients and analysis of treatment data in a German breast cancer centre.
Authors: Stefan Feiten, Jan Dünnebacke, Vera Friesenhahn, Jochen Heymanns, Hubert Koeppler, Rebecca Meister, Christoph van Roye, Jörg Thomalla, Diana Wey, Rudolf Weide
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20602 Background: Breast cancer treatment leads to long-lasting impairments which, according to international guidelines, have to be identified and treated in follow-up care. It remains unclear how follow-up care is perceived by patients and if all needs are met in routine care. Methods: All women who underwent surgery in a German breast cancer centre from 2007 to 2013 were asked to fill out a standardized scanner-readable questionnaire. Medical data were retrieved from their charts and statistically analyzed together with the questionnaire responses. Results: 913 questionnaires were filled out and returned (response rate: 60%). Median age at the time of the survey was 65 years (32-95). UICC stages at initial diagnosis were distributed as follows: I 54%, II 37%, III 9%. Adjuvant therapy consisted of radiation (82%), hormonal therapy (80%) and chemotherapy (49%). 57% of patients still received some form of therapy, 95% of them hormonal therapy. 11% had participated in a clinical trial. 94% were still in follow-up care, 5% stopped and 1% never went. Intervals of follow-up visits suggested by ASCO-guidelines were assessed as
Denial and affirmation in illness and health
Authors: A R Beisser
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

Recent research has shown that patients with life-threatening illnesses have improved chances of survival if, rather than recognizing the serious consequences of their illness, they employ the psychological defense mechanism of denial. Reexamination of these data suggests that unexamined psychological factors which promote a positive view of health are of equal or greater importance in explaining those results. Health care professionals, concerned with diagnosis and treatment, primarily focus attention on illness and its denial or recognition. To expand this perspective to include factors for health, the author presents a four-cell paradigm of illness, health, denial, and affirmation. The paradigm is illustrated with examples of common problems in medical care.