tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stop demanding antibiotics for children with conjunctivitis, royal college tells schools
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

An estimated 160 000 appointments a year could be freed up at UK general practices if schools stopped sending home children with infective conjunctivitis, the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) has said.

The college said that some schools were acting against clinical guidance by refusing to admit children with the condition unless they had a prescription for antibiotics.

As part of national self care week, the RCGP has written to schools regulator OFSTED to ask that nurseries, pre-schools, and other childcare providers re-think policies that were unintentionally “clogging …
THU0556 Assessment of Peripheral Small Fiber Nerve in Fibromyalgia: Table 1.
Authors: J.W. Lee, G.T. Kim, E.K. Park, S.G. Lee, H.O. Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia (FM) is related to the features of small fiber neuropathy (SFN). Sudoscan is a non-invasive device measures sweat gland dysfunction employing electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) and is useful for assessing peripheral small fiber nerve function. Little is known about the dysfunction of peripheral small fiber nerve in patients with FM. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of SFN in patients with FM compared with a control group and to identify factors associated with SFN in FM. <h3>Methods</h3> 66 patients with FM (age: 53 ± 9 years old) to meet 2010 ACR preliminary diagnostic criteria and 66 healthy controls were enrolled. Each FM patient was required to fast 8 to 10 hours before blood samples. Serum fasting glucose, fasting insulin, Serum 25-(OH) D and the 75-gram two-hour oral Glucose tolerance test (GTT) were measured. Height and weight were measured and used to calculate Body mass index (BMI). Overt diabetes patients were excluded using their past and medication history. The small fiber neuropathy Symptoms Inventory Questionnaire (SFN-SIQ) was used to record neuropathic symptoms. Clinical assessments included fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All subjects underwent the examination of Sudoscan. <h3>Results</h3> The mean feet and hands ESC were significantly lower in the FM group than the control group.(table 1). Mean Hands ESC was irrelevant to age, BMI, SFN-SIQ, FIQ, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and vitamin D and 2 hour GTT glucose level. However, Mean feet ESC showed significant correlation with fasting insulin (r= -0.34, p&lt;0.01) and HOMA-IR (r= -0.37, p&lt;0.01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Sudomotor function was significantly lower in patients with FM than the control group. Mean feet ESC was correlated with hyperinsulinemia and HOMR-IR in patients with FM, which implies that SFN associated with insulin resistance may play an important role in FM pain. <h3>References</h3> Neurophysiol Clin. 2015 Dec;45(6):445–55. Epub 2015 Nov 17. Diagnosis of small fiber neuropathy: A comparative study of five neurophysiological tests. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2015 Dec;19(12):55. The Role and Importance of Small Fiber Neuropathy in Fibromyalgia Pain. Caro XJ, Winter EF <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Phase II Study of a Single Pegfilgrastim Injection as Adjunct to Chemotherapy to Mobilize Stem Cells into Peripheral Blood of Resistant/Relapsed Lymphoma Patients.
Authors: Roberto M. Lemoli, Alessandro Isidori, Monica Tani, Francesca Bonifazi, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Antonio Curti, Maria Rosa Motta, Simonetta Rizzi, Valeria Giudice, Oriana Farese, Manuela Rovito, Lapo Alinari, Roberto Conte, Michele Baccarani
Journal: Blood (2004)
THU0043 Minimal Important Difference in HAQ: A Validation from Health Economic Perspectives in Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Real-World Data from Adelphi Database
Authors: C. Han, N. Li, S. Peterson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> A change of 0.25 in HAQ score has been considered as clinically meaningful. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study is to evaluate the clinical meaningfulness of the HAQ change from health economic perspectives in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using real-world data. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a retrospective cross-sectional study using data in ADELPHI Disease-Specific Program collected in 2014 (EU5 and US). Patients with clinically diagnosed RA (N=1032) were enrolled and completed self-reported outcomes measures including physical function by Health Assessment Questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI), employment status, work productivity by Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-General Health (WPAI-GH) and general health status by EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS). Clinical characteristics include disease activity defined by DAS28. Correlations between HAQ-DI score and other outcomes were analyzed using univariate or multiple regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> The majority of patients were female (72.1%) with average age of 55 years old and disease duration of about 9 years. The mean (SD) HAQ-DI score was 0.76 (0.69) with 42.2% having a HAQ-DI score ≥1, indicating moderate to severe physical disability. 58% of patients were currently unemployed. Patients with a HAQ-DI score of &gt;1.0, 77% were unemployed with a EQ VAS of 54.2, while patients with normal HAQ score of ≤0.5, 40% were unemployed with a EQ VAS of 75.6. HAQ-DI score was significantly correlated with the unemployed in multivariate logistic regression model (p&lt;0.001), and correlated with time lost from work (p&lt;0.001) and general health status by EQ VAS (p&lt;0.001) by multivariate linear regression model. After adjustment for demographic characteristics including age, gender, and disease duration, an 0.25 increase in HAQ-DI score was associated with a 30% increase in likelihood for unemployed status (OR=1.30, 95% CI=1.22, 1.39). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Physical function measured by HAQ-DI is a valid measure to predict employment status and general health status in patients with RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> C. Han Employee of: Janssen Global Services, LLC, N. Li Employee of: Janssen Global Services, LLC, S. Peterson Employee of: Janssen Global Services, LLC
Magnification endoscopique en coloscopie de dépistage: incidence sur le recours au propofol et la sécurité pour le patient: un essai randomisé
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Il a parfois été évoqué que l’utilisation d’une méthode d’imagerie endoscopique magnétique (MEI) en cours de coloscopie pouvait faciliter l’examen notamment en repérant tôt la formation des boucles.
ZHX2, CHC1L and RAN Gene Expression Levels Determine Different Prognosis Groups in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients.
Authors: Adriana Armellini, Maria E. Sarasquete, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Ricardo Lopez Perez, Ana Balanzategui, Maria C. Chillon, Jose M. Hernandez, Marta Fuentes, Rosa M. Lopez, Joan Blade, Maria J. Terol, Alejandro Martin, Javier Fernandez Calvo, Marcos Gonzalez, J.F. San Miguel
Journal: Blood (2005)
Contrasting Regulation of Catecholamine Neurotransmission in the Behaving Brain: Pharmacological Insights from an Electrochemical Perspective
Authors: Megan E. Fox, R. Mark Wightman
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2016)

Catecholamine neurotransmission plays a key role in regulating a variety of behavioral and physiologic processes, and its dysregulation is implicated in both neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Over the last four decades, in vivo electrochemistry has enabled the discovery of contrasting catecholamine regulation in the brain. These rapid and spatially resolved measurements have been conducted in brain slices, and in anesthetized and freely behaving animals. In this review, we describe the methods enabling in vivo measurements of dopamine and norepinephrine, and subsequent findings regarding their release and regulation in intact animals. We thereafter discuss key studies in awake animals, demonstrating that these catecholamines are not only differentially regulated, but are released in opposition of each other during appetitive and aversive stimuli.
Fibrinogen γ' In the Budd-Chiari Syndrome: Results From a Multicenter Case-Control Study
Authors: Jasper Smalberg, Edith Koehler, Sarwa Darwish Murad, Aurelie Plessier, Juan-Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Susana Seijó, Philippe Langlet, Jonel Trebicka, Massimo Primignani, Moniek De Maat, Dick Rijken, Dominique Valla, Harry Janssen, Frank Leebeek
Journal: Blood (2010)
THU0184 Repair of Bone Erosion in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Denosumab: An HR-pQCT Study:
Authors: J. Yue, J.F. Griffith, L. Shi, D.F. Wang, J. Shen, P. Wong, E.K. Li, T.Y. Zhu, L. Qin, L.-S. Tam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Blockade of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), using denosumab retards bone damage in RA. Whether RANKL blockade allows repair of existing bone erosions is so far unclear. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the reparative effect of denosumab and alendronate on erosions in female RA patients with low bone mass using HR-pQCT. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a post-hoc analysis of a randomized-controlled trial. 40 patients with bone erosions were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either subcutaneous denosumab (60mg) once or oral alendronate (70mg) weekly for 6 months. The size of individual bone erosions and the presence and degree of marginal osteosclerosis around the second metacarpophalangeal joint of the non-dominant hand were measured both semi-quantitatively and quantitatively at baseline, 3- and 6-months. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, the mean (±SD) width, depth and volume of the bone erosion were similar for both groups (Table). At 6 months, erosion size significantly decreased in the denosumab group, and significantly increased in the alendronate group. The between group differences in all size criteria were statistically significant at 6 months (all p&lt;0.01). The degree of marginal osteosclerosis was similar between both groups at baseline. At 6-month, more than half of the patients (57.1%) in the alendronate group showed no osteosclerosis (grade 0). In contrast, most patients (80.9%) in the denosumab group showed osteosclerosis (grade 1 or 2). Mean (±SD) pixel attenuation of the erosion margin was similar between both groups at baseline. Mean pixel attenuation was significantly increased at 6 months in the denosumab group though unchanged in the alendronate group. Between group differences for change in mean pixel attenuation between baseline and 6 months were also significant (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Bone erosions in RA patients treated with denosumab show evidence of limited repair in contrast to bone erosions in patients treated with alendronate, indicating a favourable impact of RANKL inhibitor on the local bone remodeling. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SP0131 FDG-PET for Imaging Joint Inflammation in Chronic Joint Disease
Authors: C.J. Van Der Laken
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

As the spectrum of diagnosis of inflammatory joint diseases is shifting towards very early diagnosis and individualised treatment strategies are required to optimize treatment outcomes, there is a need for sensitive imaging techniques to detect and monitor joint inflammation. FDG-PET(-CT) allows highly sensitive imaging of (subclinical) arthritis at a molecular level. The technique provides non-invasive information of the whole body in one scan session. Both visual and quantitative analyses can be applied, the latter in particular useful for therapy monitoring. Pattern of FDG uptake in (peri-)articular tissues can aid in the diagnostic work-up of the individual patient. Most recently, hybrid PET-MRI has been introduced on the market, which enables investigation of both inflammatory and anatomical signs of arthritis, at a reduced radiation level as compared to PET-CT. The lecture will provide an overview of the current status of FDG-PET for imaging in joint inflammation in chronic joint diseases and will include comparison with other advanced imaging techniques as ultrasound and MRI. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Immune Therapies in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Shaji K. Kumar, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Treatment paradigms have changed rapidly for multiple myeloma, and immune therapies have taken center stage. Advances in therapies for myeloma have led to a dramatic improvement in the survival of patients with this incurable malignancy. The immune system is significantly impaired in patients with myeloma as a result of the disease leading to suppression of normal plasma cells as well the negative effects on cellular immunity. Given this scenario, immune approaches have not been successful until recently. Monoclonal antibodies directed against CD38 (daratumumab) and SLAMF7 (elotuzumab) are already in the clinic, and several other antibodies directed against different plasma cell antigens are under evaluation. Although immune checkpoint inhibition with PD-1 inhibitors had no clinical efficacy when the inhibitors were used as single agents, it has led to some dramatic results when the inhibitors are combined with immunomodulatory drugs such as lenalidomide and pomalidomide. Vaccination strategies have shown in vivo immune responses but no clear clinical efficacy. Newer approaches to vaccination with multiple antigens, used in combinations with immunomodulatory drugs and in the setting of minimal residual disease, have all increased possibility of this approach succeeding. Ex vivo effector cell expansion also appears to be promising and is in clinical trials. Finally, a chimeric antigen receptor T-cell approach appears to have some promise based on isolated reports of success and remains an area of intense investigation. Immune-based approaches can potentially augment or even supplant some of the current approaches and, given the low toxicity profile, may hold great potential in the early treatment of precursor-stage diseases. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5453–60. ©2016 AACR. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “Multiple Myeloma: Multiplying Therapies.”
STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology – Molecular Epidemiology (STROBE-ME): An Extension of the STROBE Statement
Authors: Valentina Gallo, Matthias Egger, Valerie McCormack, Peter B. Farmer, John P. A. Ioannidis, Micheline Kirsch-Volders, Giuseppe Matullo, David H. Phillips, Bernadette Schoket, Ulf Stromberg, Roel Vermeulen, Christopher Wild, Miquel Porta, Paolo Vineis
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

Valentina Gallo and colleagues provide detailed guidance to authors to help more accurately report the findings of epidemiological studies involving biomarkers. Their guidance covers issues regarding collection, handling and storage of biological samples; laboratory methods, validity and reliability of biomarkers; specificities of study design; and ethical considerations.
FRI0113 Postoperative Complications in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Using A Biological Agent – A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: H. Ito
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate through a systematic review of the literature the association between the use of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and surgical site infection or wound healing delay after orthopedic surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review was performed of articles indexed in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science from 1992 to 2012. The search aimed to identify studies describing surgical site infection (SSI) or wound healing delay in patients with RA treated with or without bDMARDs. Articles fulfilling the predefined inclusion criteria were reviewed systematically and their quality appraised. <h3>Results</h3> There was no Cochrane review on this subject. We found 75 articles through specific searches of PubMed and Web of Science, and hand searching. After inclusion and exclusion by full-text review, 10 articles were found for SSI, and five articles for delayed wound healing. The use of bDMARDs appeared to increase the rate of SSI slightly, especially in large joint-replacement surgery. Delayed wound healing was not increased by the use of bDMARDs. However, the definitions of SSI and delayed wound healing varied between the reviewed articles. Most of the articles focused on tumor necrosis factor-a inhibitors. <h3>Conclusions</h3> bDMARDs slightly increase the relative risk of SSI but not that of delayed wound healing after orthopedic surgery and should be used with appropriate caution. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB1107-HPR Long Term Exercise Training Improves The Total Hip Arthroplastypatients' Ability To Forget Their Artificial Joint
Authors: S. Onal, H. Guney, G.I. Kinikli, C. Sarial, B. Atilla, I. Yuksel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is among the most widely performed procedures in orthopedic practice and outcome studies consistently showed an overall satisfaction by both patients and physicians.The purpose of this study was to determine effect of exercise duration on the ability to forget the artificial joint, in hip osteoarthritis patients who underwent THA. <h3>Objectives</h3> Forty-two patients (female=26, male=16) who underwent unilateral THA were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups either to do exercise for less than 6 months (Group I; short term exercise, n=24) or over 6 months (Group II; long term exercise, n=18). Mean age was 53.9± 15.1 years, mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 27.2 ± 5.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup> in Group I and mean age was 57.5 ± 13.3 years, mean BMI was 27.2 ± 5.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>in Group II, respectively. <h3>Methods</h3> Forgotten Joint Score (FJS) was applied to detect the patients9 ability to forget the artificial hip joint after THA surgery. Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain, stiffness and activity of daily living (ADL) questionnaire were used to determine the functional status. Intensity of pain was measured with visual analog scale (VAS). Statistical analysis of the data was performed with Mann Whitney-U test. <h3>Results</h3> There were no differences in WOMAC stiffness scores (p=0.146) between groups. WOMAC pain scores (p=0.003), WOMAC ADL scores (p=0.019), VAS scores (p=0.000) were better in Group II. FJS scores (p=0.005) were in favor with Group II which the patients who were exercising more than 6 months. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Exercise training over 6 months improves the THA patients9 ability to forget their artificial joint. <h3>References</h3> Learmonth ID, Young C, Rorabeck C. The operation of the century: Total hip replacement. Lancet 2007;370:1500–19 Gogla PP, Christensen CM, Schmidt C. Total hip replacement in patients with ostheoarthritis of the hip: improvements in pain and functional status.Orthopedics 1996; 19:873–5 Montin L, Leino-Kilpi H, Suominen T, Lepisto J. A systematic review of empirical studies between 1996 and 2005 of patient outcomes of total hip arthroplasty and related factors. J Clin Nurs 2008; 17: 40–5. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Integrative Approach Successfully Improves Safety of in-Patient Chemotherapy and Reduces Health Care Costs
Authors: Meir Preis, Ziad Abu-Salah, Ravit Melberger, Leah Zack, Judith Mohilever, Limor Cohen, Judith Shwartz, Shai Cohen, Ophir Lavon, Yamit Musai, Sharon Alroy Preis
Journal: Blood (2015)
TGF-β1 modulates microglial phenotype and promotes recovery after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Roslyn A. Taylor, Che-Feng Chang, Brittany A. Goods, Matthew D. Hammond, Brian Mac Grory, Youxi Ai, Arthur F. Steinschneider, Stephen C. Renfroe, Michael H. Askenase, Louise D. McCullough, Scott E. Kasner, Michael T. Mullen, David A. Hafler, J. Christopher Love, Lauren H. Sansing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating form of stroke that results from the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain, leading to a mass of blood within the brain parenchyma. The injury causes a rapid inflammatory reaction that includes activation of the tissue-resident microglia and recruitment of blood-derived macrophages and other leukocytes. In this work, we investigated the specific responses of microglia following ICH with the aim of identifying pathways that may aid in recovery after brain injury. We used longitudinal transcriptional profiling of microglia in a murine model to determine the phenotype of microglia during the acute and resolution phases of ICH in vivo and found increases in TGF-β1 pathway activation during the resolution phase. We then confirmed that TGF-β1 treatment modulated inflammatory profiles of microglia in vitro. Moreover, TGF-β1 treatment following ICH decreased microglial Il6 gene expression in vivo and improved functional outcomes in the murine model. Finally, we observed that patients with early increases in plasma TGF-β1 concentrations had better outcomes 90 days after ICH, confirming the role of TGF-β1 in functional recovery from ICH. Taken together, our data show that TGF-β1 modulates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation after ICH and promotes functional recovery, suggesting that TGF-β1 may be a therapeutic target for acute brain injury.
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation as a Promising Treatment for Natural Killer-Cell Neoplasms.
Authors: Naoko Murashige, Masahiro Kami, Yukiko Kishi, Sung-Won Kim, Masami Takeuchi, Kosei Matsue, Yoshinobu Kanda, Makoto Hirokawa, Yoshinari Kawabata, Tomoko Matsumura, Eiji Kusumi, Noriyuki Hirabayashi, Koji Nagafuji, Ritsuro Suzuki, Kengo Takeuchi, Kazuo Oshimi
Journal: Blood (2004)
The hepatic “matrisome” responds dynamically to injury: Characterization of transitional changes to the extracellular matrix in mice
Authors: Veronica L. Massey, Christine E. Dolin, Lauren G. Poole, Shanice V. Hudson, Deanna L. Siow, Guy N. Brock, Michael L. Merchant, Daniel W. Wilkey, Gavin E. Arteel
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) consists of diverse components that work bidirectionally with surrounding cells to create a responsive microenvironment. In some contexts (e.g., hepatic fibrosis), changes to the ECM are well recognized and understood. However, it is becoming increasingly accepted that the hepatic ECM proteome (i.e., matrisome) responds dynamically to stress well before fibrosis. The term "transitional tissue remodeling" describes qualitative and quantitative ECM changes in response to injury that do not alter the overall architecture of the organ; these changes in ECM may contribute to early disease initiation and/or progression. The nature and magnitude of these changes to the ECM in liver injury are poorly understood. The goals of this work were to validate analysis of the ECM proteome and compare the impact of 6 weeks of ethanol diet and/or acute lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Liver sections were processed in a series of increasingly rigorous extraction buffers to separate proteins by solubility. Extracted proteins were identified using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Both ethanol and LPS dramatically increased the number of matrisome proteins ∼25%. The enhancement of LPS-induced liver damage by ethanol preexposure was associated with unique protein changes.An extraction method to enrich the hepatic ECM was characterized. The results demonstrate that the hepatic matrisome responds dynamically to both acute (LPS) and chronic (ethanol) stresses, long before more-dramatic fibrotic changes to the liver occur. The changes to the mastrisome may contribute, at least in part, to the pathological responses to these stresses. It is also interesting that several ECM proteins responded similarly to both stresses, suggesting a common mechanism in both models. Nevertheless, there were responses that were unique to the individual and combined exposures. (Hepatology 2017;65:969-982).