tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MTR-08MODELING TMZ RESISTANCE IN PATIENT-DERIVED BRAIN TUMOR- INITIATING CELLS
Authors: Xueqing Lun, Jennifer King, Ngoc Ha Dang, Donna L. Senger, Stephen M. Robbins
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Intrinsic and required resistance hampers the inability for Temozolomide to give prolonged therapeutic response in glioblastoma. To this end we developed an in vivo model to investigate the mechanism behind TMZ resistance. Using TMZ-sensitive patient-derived brain tumor-initiating cells (BTIC; BT73 and BT206), intracranial tumors were established in immunocompromised mice. Once visible, animals were treated with TMZ [50 mg/kg/day (one cycle) followed by 5 cycles of 10 mg/kg/day (cycle = 5d on, 2d off)] and followed for recurrence. Tumor cells were isolated and re-implanted into animals for a second round of selection [TMZ 50 mg/kg/day (one cycle); 30 mg/kg/day (two cycles)]. BTICs established from these animals were termed BT73R and BT206R and confirmed for their acquired resistance to TMZ both in vitro and in vivo. Using cytokine profiling arrays and global gene expression arrays, we identified candidate genes/factors related to the development of TMZ resistance. Assessment of tumor interstitial fluid from BT73R and BT206R uncovered changes in several cytokines/chemokines including an increase in CX3CL1, IL16 and IL23 and a decrease in MDC, IFNa2, IP-10 and CCL2. In addition, we observed a greater than two-fold change in 131 genes found in common between the TMZ-resistant xenografts including 30 genes related to tumor adhesive, invasive and drug resistance that were selected for further validation. To date, of the common genes, 11 were confirmed including 7 up-regulated genes (IGFBP5, EFEMP1, TCEAL7, SLFN11, FAM129A, PCDH10 and DCX) and 4 down-regulated genes (DACH1, ICAM1, MLKL and NFTAC2). In addition, MGMT protein was detected in BT73R but not BT206R. The data presented here suggests that acquired resistance to TMZ in the BTICs may not be mediated through a single mechanism, but rather via multiple genes/pathways warranting further evaluation of these models in the hope of identifying potential therapeutic markers or targets for acquired TMZ resistance.
Evaluation of the Patient with Acute Chest Pain
Authors: Thomas H. Lee, Lee Goldman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The evaluation of acute chest pain remains challenging, despite many insights and innovations over the past two decades. The percentage of patients who present at the emergency department with acute chest pain and are admitted to the hospital may actually be increasing.16 The reasons for clinical caution are familiar to most physicians. Patients with acute myocardial infarction who are mistakenly discharged from the emergency department have short-term mortality rates of about 25 percent, at least twice what would be expected if they were admitted.7 The legal costs that can result from such cases constitute the largest category of losses . . .
Prediction of Familial Predisposition to Retinoblastoma
Authors: Webster K. Cavenee, A. Linn Murphree, Marcia M. Shull, William F. Benedict, Robert S. Sparkes, Erik Kock, Magnus Nordenskjold
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Retinoblastoma is a childhood cancer, predisposition to which is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. We used restriction-fragment-length and isozymic alleles of loci on chromosome 13 in five families predisposed to retinoblastoma, to provide identification before illness of persons likely to have tumors. The likelihood of disease was predicted in two cases, and freedom from disease in three. The calculated predictive accuracy was greater than 94 percent in cases with informative loci flanking the retinoblastoma (RB1) locus, and our prediction has been fulfilled in each such instance. A case that was informative at several loci indicated the occurrence of meiotic recombination, and accurate prediction was based on data obtained with DNA markers and isozymic forms of esterase D. The calculated predictive accuracy in another case, which was informative only for loci distal to the retinoblastoma locus, was about 70 percent. This patient was expected to acquire the disease but had not done so at the age of one year, illustrating the need for more markers that are also more informative and genetically closer to the retinoblastoma locus. These studies provide the basis for prenatal and postnatal prediction of susceptibility to inherited cancer using arbitrary recombinant DNA markers. Such predictions should make genetic counseling for familial retinoblastoma more accurate and lead to earlier tumor detection and more effective therapy.
Weekly High-Dosage Glucocorticosteroid Treatment of Lymphocytic Leukemias and Lymphomas
Authors: Richard A. Burningham, Alberto Restrepo, Reginald P. Pugh, Elmer B. Brown, Stuart F. Schlossman, Philip D. Khuri, Howard E. Lessner, William J. Harrington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

CHRONIC lymphocytic leukemia and lymphosarcoma are generally treated with alkylating agents and x-rays. Glucocorticosteroids are also effective but are seldom used as definitive treatment of these disorders since they must be given over long periods and in doses often associated with serious side effects; thus, the steroids have been used primarily for complications that may accompany the disease — namely, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. In critically ill patients massive glucocorticosteroid therapy may have a striking effect, but side effects prohibit continuance of treatment.1 , 2 In an attempt to gain maximum therapeutic advantage with minimal complications it appeared reasonable to administer the . . .
Antinuclear Antibodies Following Hydralazine Toxicity
Authors: John J. Condemi, Dominic Moore-Jones, H. Vaughan, H. Mitchell Perry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

MANY drugs have been reported to induce a syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus. These include hydralazine,1 2 3 4 5 6 penicillin,7 , 8 phenylbutazone,9 sulfadiazine,10 , 11 methylphenyl-ethylhydantoin,12 , 13 trimethadione,13 , 14 sulfamethoxypyridazine,15 procaine amide16 17 18 19 and tetracycline.20 The antihypertensive agent, hydralazine, however, appears to be associated with a uniquely high incidence of this syndrome. Incidences of 9.4, 8.1 and 13.2 per cent were reported in 1954 and 1955 for series in Cleveland, St. Louis and Durham respectively.1 2 3 It has been our experience in St. Louis that toxic manifestations to hydralazine have always regressed when the drug was discontinued; on the other hand, several reports have mentioned minimum persistence of toxic manifestations. . . .
Soundings: Have you heard who's on Ward 3?
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (1999)

I was once taken to hospital with peritonitis. Like most patients who are well enough to join the queue for an NHS surgical bed, I spent several hours in the accident and emergency department. The admitting doctor apologised in advance for the wait, and wrote me up for a generous slug of morphine.

I had previously spent two years working as a medical registrar at the same hospital. For half a day, I drifted in and out of sleep, with nurses appearing every so often to chart my vital signs. At some stage a head popped round the curtain and a junior doctor whom I did not recognise (but who clearly knew me) grinned down at me.

“John said you were in here. What's up with you? Appendix? Something gynae?”

“I don't know.” I could hear that my speech was slurred.

He asked some more questions, but I must have been incoherent.

“Oh. Forget it. I'll look at your casualty card.”

Sometime later two more half familiar faces appeared, saying that they had heard in the canteen that I had been admitted. They checked my chart and fiddled with my drip, then wished me luck and disappeared. I could hear them outside the cubicle discussing my x ray.

All that happened eight years ago. Over the past few weeks I have heard three similar stories of doctors being admitted to their own hospitals and encountering a stream of curious visitors from the periphery of their acquaintance. An intrusive minority seem to consider that because they work there and know the patient, they are entitled to read the case notes and even make suggestions about treatment.

We rightly refuse to discuss our patients' details with their friends or acquaintances, and we disclose information to fellow professionals on a “need to know” basis. But how many of us apply exactly the same standards when the private details of a patient are, despite being readily accessible to us, none of our business?

Next time I go into hospital, I do not want to be visited by people who are not my close friends. As to my friends, medically qualified or not, I would like them to recognise my vulnerability, empathise, and restrict their assessment of my case to the amount that I choose to disclose.
Standard versus high-dose therapy in 10+ breast cancer.
Authors: Y Nieto, P J Cagnoni, R B Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.810 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9469383 Standard versus high-dose therapy in 10+ breast cancer. Y NietoxY NietoSearch for articles by this author , P J CagnonixP J CagnoniSearch for articles by this author , R B JonesxR B JonesSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.810 PDF "Standard versus high-dose therapy in 10+ breast cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(2), pp. 810–811© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Worsening heart failure in ‘real‐world’ clinical practice: predictors and prognostic impact
Authors: Hussam AlFaleh, Abdelfatah A. Elasfar, Anhar Ullah, Khalid F. AlHabib, Ahmad Hersi, Layth Mimish, Ali Almasood, Saleh Al Ghamdi, Abdullah Ghabashi, Asif Malik, Gamal A. Hussein, Mushabab Al‐Murayeh, Ahmed Abuosa, Waleed Al Habeeb, Tarek Kashour
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)
Evaluation of Technics and Complications of Renal Angiography
Authors: Guy W. Leadbetter, Colin Markland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

SURGICAL relief of hypertension often depends on the removal of renal-artery obstruction.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The key to this procedure is the renal arteriogram, which allows a visualization of the renal vessels for diagnosis and planned surgical approach. We believe that reports in the literature of paraplegia, renal damage and death have given aortography an unjustifiably bad reputation, and, consequently, the procedure has not been used sufficiently for diagnosis. For this reason, we shall review complications previously reported, emphasize how these complications may be prevented, present evidence that angiography is a safe procedure when properly performed and outline in detail a safe technic. . . .
Case 2-2013
Authors: Konstantina M. Stankovic, Emad Eskandar, Joseph B. El Khoury, Michael H. Lev, Peter M. Sadow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 20-year-old man was transferred to this hospital because of recurrent ear pain for 8 months despite antibiotics, with new fever and headache. Imaging showed opacification of the middle ears and mastoid air cells and erosion of the right temporal bone.
Studies on Galactose Oxidation in Down's Syndrome
Authors: David Yi-Yung Hsia, Tohru Inouye, Paul Wong, Allen South
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THERE is general agreement that the conversion of galactose to glucose involves the following steps: In congenital galactosemia (homozygotes) there is an absence of Gal-1-P uridyl transferase, step 2.1 Among parents of such children (heterozygote) there is a partially diminished level of this enzyme.2 3 4 5 Recently, Brandt and his co-workers6 have reported a 50 per cent higher activity of Gal-1-P uridyl transferase in the whole blood of patients with Down's syndrome (mongolism) as compared with normal controls.The purpose of the present paper is to describe some observations that may help to elucidate this difference.Materials and MethodsExcept where indicated . . .
Additional Haemoglobin (Hb) and Quality of Life (Qol) Analyses from Eaqua
Authors: G. Tonini, J. Mouysset, M. Rotarski, D. Spaeth, M. Airoldi, C. Toganel, C. Christofyllakis, L. Belton, C. Bohac, J. Terwey
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Urine Fibrinogen Fragments in Human Renal Allografts
Authors: William E. Braun, John P. Merrill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Nineteen patients excreted fibrinogen fragments D and E in their urine at specific times after renal transplantation. Sixteen patients studied within two weeks after transplantation all excreted the fragments. The fragments were absent in 62 specimens from 15 patients without rejection more than two weeks after transplantation. In four reversible, and in three irreversible rejections, the fragments reappeared. They disappeared after intensified immunosuppressive therapy in the reversible and persisted in the irreversible rejections. One allograft from a patient with bad recurrent glomerulonephritis and five patients with other renal diseases also excreted the fragments. Corresponding serum did not contain the fragments. These fragments may represent fibrinolytic products derived from intrarenal microthrombi induced by the transplantation procedure or local antigen-antibody reactions. Interaction of clotting factors and plasmin with the complement system and vasoactive peptides may contribute to the mechanism of tissue injury.
Case 4-1969
Authors: Edwin O. Wheeler, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-four-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of interscapular pain.For several years she had had hypertension; she had taken no medication. A month before entry there was the onset of progressive dysphagia. A week before admission she experienced a dull, vague ache in the upper portion of the back. On the day before entry sharp interscapular pain developed abruptly, within a few minutes moved down to the lower portion of the back and subsided shortly thereafter. On the next day x-ray films of the chest taken at another hospital (Fig. 1) showed enlargement of . . .
Case 9-1968
Authors: Nicholas M. Nelson, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

PRESENTATION OF CASEA twenty-hour-old male infant was admitted to the hospital because of respiratory distress and cyanosis.The patient was the product of an uneventful forty-one-week pregnancy in a twenty-two-year-old primigravida. The vaginal delivery had been normal, and the infant weighed 8 pounds, 6 ounces. At the time of birth his color was fair, but he seemed to be in mild respiratory distress, with grunting respiration. Three hours later his color became dusky, and the respiratory distress increased. He was put into an oxygen atmosphere, with little change in his appearance until eight hours before entry, when the cyanosis . . .
Carcinoembryonic antigen: a useful prognostic marker in small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: J P Sculier, R Feld, W K Evans, F A Shepherd, G DeBoer, D G Malkin, A Malkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Plasma carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was determined in 180 patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) before treatment. An abnormal level (greater than or equal to 6 ng/mL) was found in 34% of patients tested. Patients with extensive disease (39/83) had a significantly higher frequency of abnormal CEA (P = .001) than those with limited disease (22/97). There was a strong correlation between obtaining an objective response--particularly a complete response (P = .00003)--and the absence of an elevated CEA. Patients with an abnormal CEA also had a shorter survival time (P = .0007) and the difference remained statistically significant after logrank adjustment for extent of disease and ECOG (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) performance status. There was also a negative correlation between survival time and the quantitative level of CEA. In this series, only the group of patients with normal initial CEA levels included all survivors beyond 2.5 years. We conclude that CEA is a useful prognostic factor in SCLC.
Lymphocyte Blastogenesis Induced by Potassium Chloride Extracts of Allogeneic Breast Carcinoma and Lymphoid Cells2
Authors: J. H. Dean, J. S. Silva, J. L. McCoy, C. M. Leonard, M. Middleton, G. B. Cannon, R. B. Herberman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Lymphocyte Blastogenesis Induced by Potassium Chloride Extracts of Allogeneic Breast Carcinoma and Lymphoid Cells Get access J. H. Dean, J. H. Dean Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. S. Silva, J. S. Silva Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. L. McCoy, J. L. McCoy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. M. Leonard, C. M. Leonard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Middleton, M. Middleton Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. B. Cannon, G. B. Cannon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. B. Herberman R. B. Herberman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 54, Issue 6, June 1975, Pages 1295–1298, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/54.6.1295 Published: 01 June 1975 Article history Received: 01 October 1974 Accepted: 14 February 1975 Published: 01 June 1975
Tricyclic antidepressants: plasma levels and clinical findings in overdose
Authors: D N Bailey, C Van Dyke, R A Langou, P I Jatlow
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Following amitriptyline or imipramine overdose by 30 patients, total plasma concentrations ranged from 29 to 1732 ng/ml but did not correlate well with physical findings or most electrocardiographic changes. Only those patients with a QRS interval greater than 0.1 second had significantly elevated plasma levels. However, a plasma level ratio of the parent drug (amitriptyline, imipramine) to its respective N-desmethyl metabolite (nortriptyline, desmethylimipramine) greater than or equal to 2.0 was associated with an acute overdose. This ratio was more useful than total plasma levels in differentiating an overdose from a therapeutic dose with associated toxicity and an elevated steady-state plasma level.
Fixed Dose Rate Gemcitabine and S-1 Combination Therapy (Fgs) As Salvage Chemotherapy for Gemcitabine-Refractory Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: A. Kasuga, N. Okano, D. Naruge, H. Kitamura, A. Takasu, F. Nagashima, J. Furuse
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Trends in incidence and location of colorectal cancer in the colonoscopy era.
Authors: D. Pulte, S. B. Chalasani, H. Brenner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1575 Background: Epidemiological evidence suggests that colonoscopy with polypectomy strongly reduces the risk of colorectal cancer. However, recent publications have questioned the efficacy of colonoscopy in prevention of cancers in the right side of the colon. We examine changes in incidence of colon cancer by site and age. Methods: We use data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database to determine the incidence of colon cancer for 7 four year periods starting in 1979-82 and ending 2003-06. We examine incidence in patients under age 50, in whom screening is not recommended, versus age 50 and older. We compare trends in incidence in each section of the colon as well as right sided versus left sided. Results: Overall, the incidence of colorectal cancer peaked in 1983-86 at a rate of 242 cases per 100,000 persons, decreasing to 187 per 100K in 2003-06. A decrease was observed in both colon cancer and rectal cancer. The decrease in incidence was greater than 50% for left sided colon cancers, from 82 per 100K in 1983-86 to 52 in 2003-06 while right sided cancers decreased only slightly from 82 to 75 per 100K over the same time period. In contrast to the overall trend, colorectal cancer incidence increased in people aged 15-49, going from 29 per 100K in 1979-82 to 49 per 100K in 2003-06. Conversely, a strong decrease in the colorectal cancer incidence was seen in people age 50 and older, going from a peak of 719 in 1983-86 to 462 in 2003-06. Again, a stronger decrease was seen for left sided and rectal lesions than for right sided lesions. Conclusions: The incidence of colon cancer is increasing in people who are less than age 50 at diagnosis. This probably represents the “natural” change in colon cancer incidence, i.e. what would occur at all ages if no screening were used. In contrast, the incidence of colon cancer has decreased strongly for left sided and slightly for right sided cancers in people age 50+. This suggests that cancer screening has been highly effective in preventing left sided lesions, moderately effective for right sided lesions. Reasons for the difference in screening success may include less efficient identification of precancerous lesions on the right side, incomplete colon prep and use of flexible sigmoidoscopy rather than colonoscopy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Preliminary results of a randomized phase II three-arm, multicentric study of carboplatin + gemcitabine (CBDCA + GEM), or oxaliplatin (L-OHP) + GEM, or sequential CBDCA + GEM→ docetaxel (DCT) + GEM in chemo-naive patients (pts) with advanced/metastatic non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: P. Bidoli, D. Cortinovis, L. Isa, A. Fusi, F. Pari, D. Cullurà, E. Aitini, S. Pessa, B. Formisano, E. Bajetta
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7118 Background: Platinum analogues have shown good activity and better toxicity profile than cisplatin/GEM regimens in advanced NSCLC, while sequential administration of two platinum/non-platinum doublets may overcome drug resistance with the possibility to improve survival. We therefore performed a randomized, phase II, three-arm study to compare activity and safety of CBDCA + GEM to the newer L-OHP + GEM, and a sequential schedule arm. Method: From 7/01 to 11/04, 147 chemo-naïve pts with non-operable stage IIIB/IV NSCLC were randomized to: (A) CBDCA, AUC 5 on d1 plus GEM 1000 mg/m2 on d1,8, q3w for 6 cycles; (B) same regimen for 3 cycles followed by DCT 40 mg/m2 on d1,8 plus GEM 1250 mg/m2 on d1,8 q3w for 3 cycles, or (C) L-OHP 130 mg/m2 on d1 plus GEM 1250 mg/m2 on d1,8 q3w for 6 cycles. Results: 49, 48 and 50 pts were enrolled in arms A, B, C, respectively. Results are currently available for 79 pts. Median age was 62 yrs (42–75). The median number of cycles received was 4. The objective response rate over 60 evaluable pts was 39% (95% CI 66–21%) in A, 32% (95% CI 56–14.5%) in B and 39% (95% CI 63–23%) in C. No difference was found for median duration of response: 5.5 months (range 2–7) arm A, 6 months (range 1–20) arm B, 6 months (range 5–9) arm C. Over 66 pts evaluable for toxicity grade 3–4 adverse event was infrequent, without differences between arms. Up till now toxic deaths were not registered. The data is too premature to estimate survival outcomes. Conclusions: Platinum analogue regimens showed good activity with tolerable toxicity profile suggesting their use in pts not candidate for cisplatin. L-OHP had similar activity to CBDCA in our chemo-naïve NSCLC pts. The sequential regimen gave no additional benefit. The authors thank data management service of Italian Trials in Medical Oncology (I.T.M.O.) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Randomized Controlled Study Evaluating The Efficacy Of Aprepitant For Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapies In Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Ryo Nasu, Yasuhito Nannya, Akihide Yoshimi, Masataka Hosoi, Kouki Ueda, Yumiko Yoshiki, Shunya Arai, Akihito Shinohara, Fumihiko Nakamura, Mineo Kurokawa
Journal: Blood (2013)