tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5076: Type 2 Diabetes but not the Coronary Angiographic State Is an Independent Determinant of Impaired Mobility in Angiographied Coronary Patients
Authors: Christoph H Saely, Thomas Dyballa, Philipp Rein, Alexander Vonbank, Stefan Beer, Heinz Drexel
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: The determinants of impaired mobility in the high risk population of angiographied coronary patients are unknown; in particular a potential impact of type 2 diabetes and of the coronary artery state has not been investigated yet. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that both type 2 diabetes and the coronary angiographic state are associated with impaired mobility. Methods: We enrolled 747 consecutive patients undergoing coronary angiography for the evaluation of stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Coronary stenoses with lumen narrowing ≥50% were considered significant; mobility was assessed by the standardized timed-up-and-go (TUG) test. Results: On average, our patients needed 9.6 ± 3.1 seconds to complete the TUG test, which showed impaired mobility (TUG time &gt;10 sec) in 199 (26.6%) patients. The proportion of subjects with impaired mobility was significantly higher among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) than among non-diabetic individuals (40.2% vs. 22.0%; p &lt;0.001), whereas it did not differ significantly between patients with significant coronary stenoses and those without such lesions (p = 0.802). Multivariate adjustment in logistic regression analyses confirmed that T2DM (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.05 [95% CI 1.35–3.11]; p = 0.001) but not the presence of significant coronary stenoses (adjusted OR = 0.81 [0.55–1.21]; p = 0.306) was independently associated with impaired mobility. Further independent determinants of impaired mobility were age (standardized adjusted OR = 3.27 [2.54 – 4.21]; p &lt;0.001), female gender (adjusted OR 1.76 [1.16 –2.69]; p = 0.008), and body mass index (standardized adjusted OR = 1.49 [1.23–1.81]; p &lt;0.001). Conclusions: In conclusion, T2DM but not coronary atherosclerosis is an independent determinant of impaired mobility among angiographied coronary patients. Mobility enhancing exercise programs are needed for diabetic coronary patients.
Sixty seconds on . . . Coffee and cancer
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Yes, it’s been reclassified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Since 1991 IARC has listed it as “possibly carcinogenic,” but now it has decided that there’s inadequate evidence to say that it causes any cancer at all. It may even protect against liver and endometrial cancer.1

IARC is …
Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis and Lyme Disease
Authors: Gary P. Wormser
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Informed Consent
Authors: Jacqueline Hackel
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OncomiR or Tumor Suppressor? The Duplicity of MicroRNAs in Cancer
Authors: Alexander A. Svoronos, Donald M. Engelman, Frank J. Slack
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short, noncoding RNAs whose dysregulation has been implicated in most, if not all, cancers. They regulate gene expression by suppressing mRNA translation and reducing mRNA stability. To this end, there is a great deal of interest in modifying miRNA expression levels for the treatment of cancer. However, the literature is fraught with inconsistent accounts as to whether various miRNAs are oncogenic or tumor suppressive. In this review, we directly examine these inconsistencies and propose several mechanisms to explain them. These mechanisms include the possibility that specific miRNAs can simultaneously produce competing oncogenic and tumor suppressive effects by suppressing both tumor suppressive mRNAs and oncogenic mRNAs, respectively. In addition, miRNAs can modulate tumor-modifying extrinsic factors, such as cancer-immune system interactions, stromal cell interactions, oncoviruses, and sensitivity to therapy. Ultimately, it is the balance between these processes that determines whether a specific miRNA produces a net oncogenic or net tumor suppressive effect. A solid understanding of this phenomenon will likely prove valuable in evaluating miRNA targets for cancer therapy. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3666-70. ©2016 AACR.
Primary small-bowel diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as hematemesis
Authors: Paul Kröner, Pavan Mankal, Abdelaziz Elhaddad, Wenjing Shi, Jean Abed, Il Paik, Donald Kotler
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 32-year-old man with a past medical history of gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastric ulcers presented to the emergency department with hematemesis. He endorsed epigastric pain, one melanotic bowel movement, dizziness, and weakness. He denied previous episodes, aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and alcohol consumption.
The relationship of delay in time to deterioration of chest pain, cough and dyspnea with radiographic response with targeted therapies (TT) and chemotherapy (CT) in NSCLC.
Authors: Dickran Gano Kazandjian, Gideon Michael Blumenthal, Laura Fernandes, Luckson Noe Mathieu, Shenghui Tang, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Paul Gustav Kluetz, Patricia Keegan, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e19052 Background: In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), TT in molecularly defined patient populations have yielded high Objective Response Rates (ORR). Whether ORR is related to improvement or delay in NSCLC symptoms as reflected by patient reported outcomes (PRO) is unknown. Therefore, we conducted an exploratory responder analysis to evaluate the relationship of ORR and time to deterioration of patient-reported chest pain, dyspnea, and cough (TTD). Methods: A retrospective analysis of crizotinib study 1007, a second-line, open-label, ALK positive NSCLC study, was conducted to evaluate the effect of ORR on TTD. Patients (n = 374) were randomly assigned to receive either chemotherapy (pemetrexed or docetaxel) or crizotinib and the primary endpoint of improved PFS was met. PRO measures were collected (QLQ-C30 and LC13) and exploratory analysis suggested improved TTD in the crizotinib arm, see Shaw et al. (NEJM 2013). We conducted a responder analysis (CR or PR versus SD or PD) to assess TTD by response (yes vs no), irrespective of treatment. Results: In the exploratory analysis population, 313 were considered PRO-evaluable. The exploratory retrospective Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated improvement in TTD for responders. The HR was 0.56 (95%CI: 0.42,0.74) with a median TTD of 5.6 months (95%CI:2.9,11.0) versus 1.5 months (95%CI:1.2,2.0) for responders vs. non-responders, respectively. Analysis of the three symptoms individually also demonstrated improvement for responders. Conclusions: This exploratory retrospective responder analysis supports that radiographic response may be associated with a delayed TTD in three NSCLC-related symptoms, irrespective of whether a TT or CT is administered. Limitations of this analysis include an open-label design leading to potential bias and the need for further validation of a lung cancer symptom score and definition of symptom progression. Drugs with large magnitude of durable ORR may lead to delay in disease symptoms by decreasing and/or delaying tumor burden. Fit-for-purpose PRO instruments describing NSCLC symptoms should continue to be investigated.
Time orientation and psychotherapy in the ghetto
Authors: E Lager, I Zwerling
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The ghetto resident's concern with immediate real and psychological survival leads to what Kluckhohn called a present-time cultural value orientation, in contrast to the middle-class time orientation, which values preparation for the future. The authors view several aspects of the psychotherapy of ghetto patients in the light of this difference: evaluating patients for long-term psychotherapy, understanding precipitating factors, and understanding the nature and urgency of patients' communications. The authors have observed behaviors as expressions of impulse rather than of culturally determined expectations that are projected onto the therapist.
Comparison of lidocaine/tetracaine cream and lidocaine/prilocaine cream for local anaesthesia during laser treatment of acne keloidalis nuchae and tattoo removal: results of two randomized controlled trials
Authors: K. Greveling, E.P. Prens, N. Bosch, M. B. Doorn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Pain is a common adverse effect of dermatological laser procedures. Currently, no standard topical anaesthetic cream exists for deeper dermal laser procedures. To compare the efficacy of lidocaine/tetracaine cream and lidocaine/prilocaine cream in reducing self‐reported pain during deeper dermal laser treatment of acne keloidalis nuchae (AKN) and tattoos. We conducted two randomized, double‐blind, controlled clinical trials with intrapatient, split‐lesion designs: study A included patients with AKN (n = 15); study B included patients with black tattoos (n = 15). The primary end point was the patients' self‐reported pain on a 10‐cm visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary objectives were the percentage of patients with adequate pain relief, willingness to pay €25 for the cream that provided the best pain relief and safety of the creams. In both studies, VAS scores were lower for lidocaine/prilocaine cream, with a mean VAS difference in study A of 1·9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·0–2·8] and in study B of 0·6 (95% CI −0·7 to 1·9). In study A, adequate pain relief was achieved in 13% (n = 2) with lidocaine/tetracaine cream vs. 73% (n = 11) with lidocaine/prilocaine cream (P = 0·004), and in study B in 53% (n = 8) vs. 80% (n = 12), respectively (P = 0·289). In study A, 47% (n = 7) were willing to pay an additional €25 vs. 73% (n = 11) in study B. No serious adverse events occurred. Lidocaine/prilocaine cream under plastic occlusion is the preferred topical anaesthetic during painful laser procedures targeting dermal chromophores.
Some Physico-Chemical and Biochemical Aspects of Malignant Neoplasms
Authors: W. C. M. Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1926)

It is necessary to point out in the first place that the present communication deals only with a particular phase of the general problem presented by malignant neoplasms. That it is a not unimportant one, however, is evident when we recall that in any living organism there must operate in each cell certain chemical reactions and physico-chemical changes characteristic of the organism and capable of modification to meet external alterations in environment. As regards the pathological significance of the changes observed in the transition from the normal or healthy type of cell to one which is diseased, a chemist is scarcely competent to express any very definite opinion though in the present instance, for reasons given later, it would appear that the view which has been urged by Blair Bell and others in favor of regarding the onset of malignancy as essentially a dedifferentiation to a more primitive type is a reasonably strong one.

ELECTEICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND PERMEABILITY OF MALIGNANT TISSUE

In the first place attention may be drawn to an almost purely physical property, namely that of electrical conductivity. It has been shown by Clowes (1918, i), by Waterman2 (1922, i) and by Crile (1922), that cancerous tissues, freshly removed from the body, have a higher electrical conductivity than normal tissues under the same conditions. This has been confirmed by Grant (1923) for brain tumors. Grant finds that the conductivity of normal brain tissue is about the same as deci-normal HCl. Tumor growth has about twice the conductivity of normal tissue. Crile has succeeded in comparing the electrical conductivity of the outer growing part of cancers with the central non-growing parts and has found that the outer growing part has the higher conductivity. He quotes the following:
Effect of Pulmonary Vascular Pressures on Long-Term Outcome in Patients With Primary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Amgad Mentias, Krishna Patel, Harsh Patel, A. Marc Gillinov, Joseph F. Sabik, Tomislav Mihaljevic, Rakesh M. Suri, L. Leonardo Rodriguez, Lars G. Svensson, Brian P. Griffin, Milind Y. Desai
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Randomized trial of toremifene to reduce high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) prior to radical prostatectomy (RP)
Authors: R. Day, S. Mohanty, M. Bisceglia, M. Acquafondata, R. Dhir, M. Becich, D. Trump, J. Nelson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

5150 Background HGPIN may be a precursor lesion for prostate cancer (PCA). The selective estrogen-receptor modulator toremifene (TOR) has shown chemopreventive activity in preclinical models of PCA. The effect of TOR on HGPIN was studied in men with PCA prior to RP. Methods Men with biopsy-proven PCA, scheduled for RP were randomized (2:1) either to TOR 40 mg po qd for 3 to 6 weeks prior to RP or to no therapy. The primary endpoint was the proportion of HGPIN in the RP specimen. Planned sample sizes were 35 and 17 per arm respectively, providing 93% power if treatment increased the proportion of patients with no RP HGPIN from 15% to 35% and decreased the mean log nonzero HGPIN values from 1 to ¼ standard deviation. Expression of bcl2, ki67, and CD31 were determined on biopsy (BX), and RP tissues, separately for normal adjacent to tumor (NAT), HGPIN, and PCA tissues. Serum hormone levels and toxicity were also assessed. Results The treatment arm accrued 31 patients, the control arm 13 patients. RP HGPIN ranged from 0.5% to 12%. There was no difference in HGPIN means between treatment (3.8%) and control (3.3%) (P=0.77 one-sided Wilcoxon) HGPIN at baseline predicted HGPIN at RP (Spearman correlation=0.64, P=0.0005) but 66% of patients had no detected HGPIN at baseline. Bcl2, ki67, and CD31 were mutually positively correlated in all 3 tissues, in both BX and RP specimens. In both BX and RP specimens, bcl2 was highest by far in HGPIN, and lowest in PCA. Ki67 was lowest in NAT, elevated in HGPIN and highest in PCA. CD31 showed no differences. In treated patients but not in controls, dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, androstenedion, and estradiol increased significantly between baseline, day 14 and final. TOR was well tolerated. Conclusions These data do not support an effect of TOR on HGPIN over 3 to 6 weeks at 40 mg po qd. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Soundings: Patients' fears
Authors: Kevin Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2000)

If I read Balint, or some other such navel gazer, I'm told that I must understand my patients' hidden fears in order to empathise and deal with them. Like so many of the observations in such books, it seems so self evidently true that to state it at all seems almost a redundant use of words.

I seem to be able to read books on consultation technique, agree with everything that is said, and have no recall whatsoever of what was in the book five minutes after putting it down.

Unquestionably it is true that it is the timid—those who expect little of life and fear the most—who predominate in the waiting room. They are people who keep their heads down and hope that the monumental storms that sweep the landscape of the world will pass them by. And in the process they watch their symptoms carefully, waiting for a malevolent god to strike.

So we are told that we must delve down into our patients' hidden agendas and empathise with their fears. But isn't there something a touch patronising in this view? The picture emerges of the doctor, mighty in his or her comprehension, identifying the fears that even the frightened little patients don't know that they have. Cynthia Green has come in asking me about her muzzy headache, but I know that the real reason is that she's afraid that her husband will leave her.

And yet surely we're deluding ourselves? On those days when I stride into the surgery like a colossus (sort of), I am immortal. Expecting me, at such times, to really understand Mrs Green's fragile world view is like asking Pete Sampras to empathise with the deficiencies of my tennis service. But at three o'clock in the morning, fretting about my daughter's confidence at her new school, my wife's fatigue at working too hard, and the large cluster of lymph nodes I've just found in my neck—at such times I'm right there with Mrs Green—the world scares the shit out of me.

It's not that I think it's a bad thing to try to understand patients' fears. But I do wonder if it is a trifle smug to assume that we can. I think in future I'll just accept that my insight into patients is less than perfect, and fight back the temptation to psychoanalyse them.

But isn't there something a touch patronising in this view?
Surgeon who removed patient’s testicle is struck off
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A surgeon who mistakenly removed a patient’s right testicle then falsely told the patient that it was still there has been struck off the medical register.

Marwan Farouk was performing a laparoscopic operation to remove an epididymal cyst at the private BMI Chiltern Hospital in Buckinghamshire in 2014 when he removed the entire testicle by mistake.

He failed to record in the operation notes that he had removed the testicle, and when theatre staff suggested sending the tissue containing it for histology he replied that there was no need, telling them to “chuck it” or …
Suicide Rates and Methods in Active Duty Military Personnel, 2005 to 2011
Authors: Andrew Anglemyer, Matthew L. Miller, Samuel Buttrey, Lyn Whitaker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Suicide prevention programs have become ubiquitous among military units; identifying temporal trends and nonclinical factors associated with the chosen suicide methods may help improve suicide prevention strategies.To calculate suicide rates of active duty military personnel and identify those who are at risk for firearm-specific suicide.Retrospective cohort study.Military units in the United States.All active duty enlisted U.S. military personnel from 2005 to 2011.Suicide rates per 100 000 were calculated for each branch. Adjusted odds ratios for firearm-specific suicide were calculated with 95% CIs.1455 military personnel committed suicide from 2005 to 2011. From 2006 to 2011, the rates were highest among army personnel (19.13 to 29.44 cases per 100 000). Among suicides with a known cause of death, 62% were attributed to firearms. The results of this study also suggest that among army personnel or marines who committed suicide, those with infantry or special operations job classifications were more likely than those in noninfantry positions to use a firearm.Results are generalizable only to enlisted personnel and reflect only stateside suicides. Data regarding previous psychiatric illness, deployment history, and firearms ownership were lacking.These results may help inform policymakers and advisors about differences in risks of suicide and violent suicide among the armed services and may help guide efforts to prevent self-harm within the military.None.
Impact of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant in patients with myeloid neoplasms carrying spliceosomal mutations
Authors: Betty Ky Hamilton, Valeria Visconte, Xuefei Jia, Ali Tabarroki, Hideki Makishima, Edy Hasrouni, Donna Abounader, Matt Kalaycio, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Ronald Sobecks, Hien Duong Liu, Brian Bolwell, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski, Edward Copelan, Ramon V. Tiu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Molecular predictors of outcome are increasingly important in determining optimal therapy for myeloid neoplasms. Mutations in the spliceosomal genes ( U2AF1 and SRSF2 ) predict for poor outcomes in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and related diseases. We investigated the effect of hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) on the negative prognostic impact of U2AF1 and SRSF2 mutations. In total, 122 patients with MDS (30%), acute myeloid leukemia (51%), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) (11%), and MDS/MPN (8%) receiving a HCT from 2003 to 2012 were evaluated for mutations in U2AF1 and SRSF2 by direct sequencing. Median time of follow up was 24 months (range 0.46–110). SRSF2 mutations were detected in 11 (10%) patients and U2AF1 in 3 (3%) patients. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between mutated and wild‐type (WT) patients. Patients carrying SRSF2 and U2AF1 mutations had similar overall survival ( P = 0.84), relapse mortality ( P = 0.50), and non‐relapse mortality ( P = 0.72) compared to WT patients. However, taking into account disease status and cytogenetics in a subset of AML patients, SRSF2 and U2AF1 mutations were associated with worse survival (HR 3.71, P = 0.035). Am. J. Hematol. 91:406–409, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Molecular Profile and FDG-PET Metabolic Volume at Staging in DLBCL—Response
Authors: Anne-Ségolène Cottereau, Hélène Lanic, Sylvain Mareschal, Michel Meignan, Pierre Vera, Hervé Tilly, Fabrice Jardin, Stéphanie Becker
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

We thank Adams and colleagues for their interest in our research (1) on the prognostic value of baseline total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV) combined with molecular data in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). They give us the opportunity to discuss TMTV and clinical prognostic
The mouse cortico-striatal projectome
Authors: Houri Hintiryan, Nicholas N Foster, Ian Bowman, Maxwell Bay, Monica Y Song, Lin Gou, Seita Yamashita, Michael S Bienkowski, Brian Zingg, Muye Zhu, X William Yang, Jean C Shih, Arthur W Toga, Hong-Wei Dong
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2016)