tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction therapy pre‐autologous stem cell transplantation in immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis: a retrospective evaluation
Authors: Yi L. Hwa, Shaji K. Kumar, Morie A. Gertz, Martha Q. Lacy, Francis K. Buadi, Taxiarchis V. Kourelis, Wilson I. Gonsalves, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Ronald S. Go, Nelson Leung, Prashant Kapoor, David Dingli, Robert A. Kyle, Stephen Russell, John A. lust, Suzanne R. Hayman, Yi Lin, Steven Zeldenrust, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

There is no consensus on whether patients with immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL) should receive induction therapy prior to an autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). This study investigated the relationships between baseline bone marrow plasmacytosis (BMPC), cardiac staging, and pre-transplant induction in AL patients. All patients who received ASCT for AL within 12 months of diagnosis were included. Patient characteristics and outcomes were abstracted. Univariate and multivariate modeling was performed. Among 415 AL patients, 35% had induction prior to ASCT. Post-ASCT hematologic CR plus VGPR rates were significantly higher in those with baseline BMPC ≤ 10% compared to BMPC >10% (58% versus 40%, P = 0.0013). Significant risk factors for lack of attainment of CR included attenuated dose melphalan conditioning, baseline BMPC > 10%, no induction, and male gender. The 5-year OS for the entire group was 65%. On multivariate analysis, risk factors for inferior OS included no induction therapy, advanced AL amyloid staging, BMPC > 10%, attenuated conditioning melphalan dose, and male gender. Patients with Mayo 2012 stage I-II patients with BMPC ≤ 10%, who comprised 56% of the ASCT population fared exceedingly well regardless of whether or not they received induction therapy with a 5-year OS of 81 to 83%. Induction therapy pre-ASCT may improve outcomes among AL patients due to a rapid reduction of toxic light chains or alternatively by elimination of less fit patients by "testing" their ability to tolerate chemotherapy. Prospective studies will be required to sort out these and other questions. Am. J. Hematol. 91:984-988, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
GMC says it can’t force doctors to disclose payments from drug companies
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The UK General Medical Council has admitted that it does not have the legal power to force doctors to disclose details of payments and benefits they receive from the pharmaceutical industry—either on the new database of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) or the GMC’s own register.

Last week the ABPI published the Disclosure UK database (www.disclosureuk.org.uk) listing details of the fees and benefits in kind paid by the pharmaceutical industry to doctors, pharmacists, nurses, and healthcare organisations.1 However, only healthcare professionals and organisations consenting to being identified were named, and the remainder of the information was published in aggregate form.

The ABPI admitted that …
Response to ‘Screening for risk factors: if you liked it then you should have put a number on it’
Authors: Roald Bahr
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

I wholeheartedly agree with Drs McCunn and Meyer1 that we should not demonise athlete screening, nor should we abandon prospective cohort studies to improve our understanding of causative factors. As pointed out in my recent review,2 as well as in the 2009 International Olympic Committee consensus paper on periodic health evaluation of elite athletes, …
Long noncoding RNAs as novel predictors of survival in human cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Stylianos Serghiou, Aikaterini Kyriakopoulou, John P. A. Ioannidis
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2016)

Expression of various long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) may affect cancer prognosis. Here, we aim to gather and examine all evidence on the potential role of lncRNAs as novel predictors of survival in human cancer. We systematically searched through PubMed, to identify all published studies reporting on the association between any individual lncRNA or group of lncRNAs with prognosis in human cancer (death or other clinical outcomes). Where appropriate, we then performed quantitative synthesis of those results using meta-analytic methods to identify the true effect size of lncRNAs on cancer prognosis. The reliability of those results was then examined using measures of heterogeneity and testing for selective reporting biases. Three hundred ninety-two studies were screened to eventually identify 111 eligible studies on 127 datasets. In total, these represented 16,754 independent participants pertaining to 53 individual and 6 grouped lncRNAs within a total of 19 cancer sites. Overall, 83 % of the studies we identified addressed overall survival and 32 % of the studies addressed recurrence-free survival. For overall survival, 96 % (88/92) of studies identified a statistically significant association of lncRNA expression to prognosis. Meta-analysis of 6 out of 7 lncRNAs for which three or more studies were available, identified statistically significant associations with overall survival. The lncRNA HOTAIR was by far the most broadly studied lncRNA (n = 29; of 111 studies) and featured a summary hazard ratio (HR) of 2.22 (95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.86–2.65) with modest heterogeneity (I2 = 49 %; 95 % CI, 14–79 %). Prominent excess significance was demonstrated across all meta-analyses (p-value = 0.0003), raising the possibility of substantial selective reporting biases. Multiple lncRNAs have been shown to be strongly associated with prognosis in diverse cancers, but substantial bias cannot be excluded in this field and larger studies are needed to understand whether these prognostic information may eventually be useful.
Activity of cabozantinib (XL184) in soft tissue and bone: Results of a phase II randomized discontinuation trial (RDT) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: M. S. Gordon, N. J. Vogelzang, P. Schoffski, A. Daud, A. I. Spira, B. A. O'Keeffe, T. Rafferty, Y. Lee, R. Berger, G. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3010 Background:Cabozantinib (Cabo) is an oral, potent inhibitor of MET and VEGFR2. An RDT evaluated clinical efficacy and safety in 9 tumor types: breast (B), gastric/GEJ (G), non-small cell lung (NS), ovarian (O), pancreatic (PA), castration-resistant prostate (P), small cell lung (S), hepatocellular (H), and melanoma (M). Indications were selected based on the role of MET and VEGFR2 in tumor biology. Methods:All eligible pts had progressive measurable disease ± bone metastasis (mets). Pts received Cabo at 100 mg qd over a 12 wk lead-in stage. Tumor response (mRECIST) assessed q6 wks. Treatment ≥ wk 12 was based on response: pts with PR continued open-label Cabo, pts with SD were randomized to Cabo vs placebo, and pts with PD discontinued. Primary endpoint was ORR in the lead-in stage. Accrual in any cohort could be halted for either high rates of ORR or PD. Results:398/483 enrolled pts were evaluable for the lead-in stage. 154/398 (39%) had bone mets at baseline (68 with bone scan f/u). Median # prior regimens was 2. Most common related AEs grade ≥ 3: fatigue (9%), hand-foot syndrome (8%), and HTN (5%). Dose reductions and permanent discontinuations for AEs occurred in 41% and 12% of pts, respectively. Soft tissue effects: ORR at wk 12: overall = 34/398 (9%); O 12/51 (24%), H 4/29 (14%), P 5/100 (5%), NS 6/60 (10%), B 2/20 (10%), S 1/21 (5%), M 4/76 (5%). 12 additional PRs await confirmation. 226/328 (69%) with ≥1 post-baseline scan had tumor regression. Highest DCR (PR + SD) at wk 12: H (76%), P (71%), and O (58%). Bone effects: 59/68 pts (P, B, and M) with bone mets and ≥1 post-baseline bone scan had partial or complete bone scan resolution, often with symptom improvement seen by wk 6. Osteoclast effects were observed across tumor types: 66/121 (55%) pts ± bone mets had declines of ≥50% in plasma C-telopeptide. Decreased serum tALP seen in P. Median max rise in hemoglobin in anemic pts (Hb < 11 g/dL) = 2.3 g/dL. All max Hb changes w/in first 12 wks. Randomization in cohorts P and O was halted and pts unblinded due to observed efficacy. Conclusions:Cabo is broadly active with cPRs in 8/9 indications, with high DCRs in H, P, and O. Complete or partial resolution of bone scan lesions was observed in 3 tumor types.
Docetaxel + ramucirumab (DR) versus docetaxel + placebo (D) as second-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A randomized, phase II, double-blind, multicenter trial in Japan.
Authors: Yukio Hosomi, Kiyotaka Yoh, Kazuo Kasahara, Kazuhiko Yamada, Toshiaki Takahashi, Kaoru Tanaka, Toyoaki Hida, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Terufumi Kato, Koji Takeda, Makoto Nishio, Hiroshi Sakai, Makoto Maemondo, Mitsuhiro Takenoyama, Hiroshi Nokihara, Masumi Tatsumi, Takashi Nakamura, Sotaro Enatsu, Tomohide Tamura, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8054 Background: A randomized global phase III trial (REVEL) demonstrated statistically significant improvement in OS and PFS for DR versus D in patients (pts) with advanced NSCLC; a limited number of East Asian pts were given docetaxel (DOC) at 75 mg/m2, higher than 60 mg/m2recommended in Japan. Methods: A similar phase II study was conducted in Japan to evaluate the efficacy of DR for stage IV NSCLC following disease progression during or after prior platinum-based chemotherapy. Pts with EGFR mutant NSCLC who received prior EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy were enrolled as exploratory. Eligibility criteria included ECOG PS 0-1, age ≥ 20 years, and adequate organ function. Pts were randomized 1:1 to receive DOC 60 mg/m2+ramucirumab 10 mg/kg IV or placebo on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle until disease progression. Stratification factors: PS, gender, prior maintenance therapy. The primary endpoint was PFS to be analyzed after observing 134 PFS events for pts without prior EGFR-TKI therapy (primary population). The number was designed to show a high likelihood of observing PFS HR < 1. Secondary endpoints: safety profile, OS, objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), patient-reported outcomes. We report the results of the primary population. Results: 157 pts (DR 76; D 81) were randomized and treated. Pts characteristics were balanced between arms. The median PFS was 5.2 months (m) [95%CI 3.52, 6.97] for DR and 4.2m [2.83, 5.62] for D; hazard ratio (HR) 0.83 [0.59, 1.16]. ORR: 28.9% (DR), 18.5% (D). DCR: 78.9% (DR), 70.4% (D). The median OS at the time of primary PFS analysis was 15.2m for DR and 14.0m for D (data are immature). Main Grade3/4 toxicites (DR vs D) were neutropenia (90% vs 86%), leukopenia (70% vs 68%), febrile neutropenia (33% vs 20%) and anorexia (7% vs 5%). The Grade3/4 febrile neutropenia did not lead to any fatal events and incidence of Grade ≥ 3 infections were 1% vs 10%. Conclusions: Efficacy results were consistent with those from REVEL. DR has shown clinical benefit over D in terms of PFS, ORR, and DCR in Japanese NSCLC pts. DR was well tolerated, with manageable toxicity. Clinical trial info: NCT01703091. Clinical trial information: NCT01703091.
BMA annual meeting: BMA is urged to define limit to GP workload
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The BMA will undertake an analysis of GPs’ workload that will define safe working limits.

Delegates at the BMA’s annual representatives meeting in Belfast on Wednesday 22 June voted unanimously for a motion saying that the analysis was needed “to preserve patient safety.” It said that “the BMA should undertake an immediate and necessary workload analysis that can define safe limits of working in general practice.”

GP Farah Jameel, who proposed the motion, said that there were no up to date data …
Prognostic Factors in the Blastic and Accelerated Phase of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) in the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) Era
Authors: Young Kwang Chae, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Carlos G. Romo, Clay Whitaker, Elias J. Jabbour, Susan O'Brien, Gautam Borthakur, Farhad Ravandi, Deborah A. Thomas, Sherry A. Pierce, Alfonso Quintás-Cardama, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2012)
BCR-ABL Cooperates With a “Telomere-Associated Secretory Phenotype” (TASP) To Facilitate Malignant Proliferation Of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Tim H. Brümmendorf, Nora Pällmann, Michael Preukschas, Doris Steinemann, Winfried Hofmann, Anne Gompf, Karl L. Rudolph, Carsten Bokemeyer, Steffen Koschmieder, Andreas Schuppert, Stefan Balabanov, Melanie Braig
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prenatal Vitamin D and Offspring Wheezing
Authors: Dan Merenstein, Frank D’Amico
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Case 9-1984
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, George S. Eisenbarth, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Presentation of CaseA 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hypoglycemia and a thoracic mass.He was in excellent health until two months earlier, when he began to have morning headaches, which were relieved by eating breakfast. Eleven days before admission he went on vacation and drank several glasses of beer that evening. The next morning he could not be aroused from sleep. He was taken to a hospital, where glucose was administered by vein, and he soon became alert. A specimen of blood, drawn before the injection, showed that the glucose was 32 mg per 100 . . .
Anton Chekhov
Authors: Robert J. White
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Alexander Macdonald's all-too-short article (229: 1203, 1974) on Anton Chekhov, Russian physician and writer, will serve, I hope, as a long-overdue stimulus to the American medical community to acquaint itself with this extraordinary man. Actually, interest in Chekhov the literary figure is undergoing a much-deserved revival in this country and in England, as evidenced by the reissuing of many of his writings and the increasing number of his plays being produced. Coincident with this revival has been the appearance of not one but two separate editions of his selective letters,<sup>1,2</sup>which provide an unusual insight into the man and his character. Unfortunately, certain limitations exist regarding the publishing of Chekhov's letters: (1) Selectiveness must be exercised since his correspondence is truly voluminous. (2) Some of his personal written exchanges were heavily censored, and it has not been possible to reconstruct faithfully all of the deleted
Childhood precursors of schizophrenia: facial expressions of emotion
Authors: E F Walker, K E Grimes, D M Davis, A J Smith
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

This study sought to determine whether affective abnormalities could be detected in home movies of children who later developed schizophrenia.Trained observers coded facial expressions of emotion of 32 schizophrenic patients and 31 of their healthy siblings from home movies made when they were children. All of the patients met the DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia with onset in late adolescence or early adulthood. The sibling comparison subjects had no history of psychiatric illness. Nine emotions and a neutral category were rated.Analyses revealed significantly lower proportions of joy expressions among the total expressions of the preschizophrenic female subjects than among the same-sex healthy siblings. This difference extended from infancy through adolescence. Among the male subjects, there were inconsistent differences between diagnostic groups in expressions of joy across age levels. However, both the preschizophrenic male subjects and the preschizophrenic female subjects showed greater negative affect than their same-sex comparison groups.These findings lend support to the assumption that vulnerability to schizophrenia may be subtly manifested in emotional behavior long before the onset of clinical symptoms.
Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelofibrosis in an adult with warts-hypogammaglobulinemia-immunodeficiency-myelokathexis syndrome
Authors: Leen Moens, Glynis Frans, Barbara Bosch, Xavier Bossuyt, Bert Verbinnen, Willy Poppe, Nancy Boeckx, Mary Slatter, Caroline Brusselmans, George Diaz, Thomas Tousseyn, Helena Flipts, Anniek Corveleyn, Daan Dierickx, Isabelle Meyts
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with the Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE®) Antibody Construct Blinatumomab: Primary Analysis Results from an Open-Label, Phase 2 Study
Authors: Andreas Viardot, Mariele Goebeler, Georg Hess, Svenja Neumann, Michael Pfreundschuh, Nicole Adrian, Florian Zettl, Martin Libicher, Evelyn Degenhard, Julia Stieglmaier, Alicia Zhang, Dirk Nagorsen, Ralf C. Bargou
Journal: Blood (2014)
Australia has seen no mass shootings since it banned rapid fire long guns
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In the 20 years since a mass shooting in Australia led to a ban on rapid fire long guns, the country has had no mass shootings and has seen an accelerated decline in total firearm deaths, Australian researchers report in a study.1 In the 18 years before the ban was enacted Australia had seen 13 fatal mass shootings.

All six states and two territories in Australia passed laws that banned rapid firing long guns, including those already in private ownership, and initiated a mandatory gun buyback programme of the prohibited firearms, after a man armed with two semiautomatic rifles killed 35 people and wounded …
P-091 Validation of Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Gastric (FACT-Ga) and its sensitivity to ascites volume change: an analysis of two Japanese clinical trials
Authors: H. Maeda, M. Sato, M. Kobayashi, N. Takiguchi, T. Yoshikawa, S. Yoshino, K. Yoshida, A. Tsuburaya, J. Sakamoto, S. Morita
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Incidence of thromboembolic events in congestive heart failure
Authors: W. B. Dunkman, G. R. Johnson, P. E. Carson, Geetha Bhat, L. Farrell, J. N. Cohn
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Background. The incidence of thromboembolism and the benefit of anticoagulation in congestive heart failure are controversial. Methods and Results. The data base provided by the Veterans Affairs Vasodilator-Heart Failure Trials (V-HeFT I and II) was examined retrospectively to address these issues. In V-HeFT I, 642 men with heart failure were followed an average of 2.28 years, providing 1,464 patient-years of follow-up. In V-HeFT II, 804 men were followed an average of 2.56 years, with 2,061 patient-years of follow-up. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 30% in V-HeFT I and 29% in V-HeFT II. Functional capacity was at the interface of classes II and III with a peak exercise oxygen consumption of 14.7 mL.kg -1 .min -1  in V-HeFT I and 13.7 mL.kg -1 .min -1  in V-HeFT II
Website of the week: Susceptibility to infection
Authors: Douglas Carnall
Journal: BMJ (2000)

It is interesting why the cystic fibrosis gene should be so common, when the effect of being homozygous for the gene is so devastating. In the late 1980s it was found that heterozygous possession may convey some protection against cholera (www.people.virginia.edu/∼rjh9u/cysfib.html), analogous to the effects of the sickle cell gene and malaria.

This week, a review in the BMJ considers all the progress that has been made over the past decade on the genetics of resistance to infection, and understanding of the human genome. The best jumping off point for an exploration of the genome is www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genome/seq/—though, interestingly, this site does not support the Wellcome claim to have completed a draft of the whole sequence (www.wellcome.ac.uk/en/genome/firstdraft.html). Presumably this difference reflects commercial and political, as well as scientific, differences.

Medical metaphors are popular in many places, and the internet uses its share. Malcolm Gladwell's book The Tipping Point popularised the idea of “viral marketing” of “infectious” ideas. One example was Hotmail's decision to add an advertising message for its own service to every email its users sent. In the old days of the internet, this would have been regarded as commercial abuse; these days computer viruses transmitted by email, and their attendant hoaxes, cause more worry. Cutting the transmission of virus hoaxes is easy: check the CIAC website at http://hoaxbusters.ciac.org/ before forwarding “news” of a “virus.” Actual viruses may cause real problems (www.stiller.com/vnews.htm), but, as most are written for Microsoft Windows and the like, we Mac users tend not to have to worry so much. Susceptible monocultures seem just as disastrous in the networked computer world as they tend to be in biological settings.
Isolating Asian enterovirus 71 subgenogroup C4 in two Austrian clinical samples from 2004
Authors: H. P. Huemer, B Ortner, C-W Huang, D Schmid, I Mutz, G Wewalka, J Yang, F Allerberger
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Hamaguchi et al. recently reported on the on the occurrence of enterovirus type 71 (EV71) subgenogroup C4 in Japan [1]. According to the authors, this strain may have emerged in mainland China and in Taiwan. EV71 subgenogroup C4 has recently gained public health interest following reports of an ongoing outbreak in China and Vietnam in 2008: In June 2008, more than 176,000 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) were reported in China alone, and at least 24 deaths have been attributed to EV71 [2,3]. In the largest and most severe EV71-associated HFMD outbreak in Taiwan in 1998, 405 children had severe neurological complications and/or pulmonary oedema; 78 children died [4].