tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validity of a Minimally Invasive Autopsy for Cause of Death Determination in Adults in Mozambique: An Observational Study
Authors: Paola Castillo, Miguel J. Martínez, Esperança Ussene, Dercio Jordao, Lucilia Lovane, Mamudo R. Ismail, Carla Carrilho, Cesaltina Lorenzoni, Fabiola Fernandes, Rosa Bene, Antonio Palhares, Luiz Ferreira, Marcus Lacerda, Inacio Mandomando, Jordi Vila, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Khátia Munguambe, Maria Maixenchs, Ariadna Sanz, Llorenç Quintó, Eusebio Macete, Pedro Alonso, Quique Bassat, Clara Menéndez, Jaume Ordi
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Background There is an urgent need to identify tools able to provide reliable information on the cause of death in low-income regions, since current methods (verbal autopsy, clinical records, and complete autopsies) are either inaccurate, not feasible, or poorly accepted. We aimed to compare the performance of a standardized minimally invasive autopsy (MIA) approach with that of the gold standard, the complete diagnostic autopsy (CDA), in a series of adults who died at Maputo Central Hospital in Mozambique. Methods and Findings In this observational study, coupled MIAs and CDAs were performed in 112 deceased patients. The MIA analyses were done blindly, without knowledge of the clinical data or the results of the CDA. We compared the MIA diagnosis with the CDA diagnosis of cause of death. CDA diagnoses comprised infectious diseases (80; 71.4%), malignant tumors (16; 14.3%), and other diseases, including non-infectious cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, kidney, and lung diseases (16; 14.3%). A MIA diagnosis was obtained in 100/112 (89.2%) cases. The overall concordance between the MIA diagnosis and CDA diagnosis was 75.9% (85/112). The concordance was higher for infectious diseases and malignant tumors (63/80 [78.8%] and 13/16 [81.3%], respectively) than for other diseases (9/16; 56.2%). The specific microorganisms causing death were identified in the MIA in 62/74 (83.8%) of the infectious disease deaths with a recognized cause. The main limitation of the analysis is that both the MIA and the CDA include some degree of expert subjective interpretation. Conclusions A simple MIA procedure can identify the cause of death in many adult deaths in Mozambique. This tool could have a major role in improving the understanding and surveillance of causes of death in areas where infectious diseases are a common cause of mortality.
Surveillance PET-CT Scanning Is Useful in the First 18 Months Following Completion of Therapy for Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma with IPI≥3.
Authors: Chan Y Cheah, Michael S Hofman, Michael J. Dickinson, Andrew Wirth, David A Westerman, Simon J. Harrison, Kate Burbury, Max Wolf, Elchanan H. Januszewicz, Kirsten Herbert, Miles Prince, Dennis A Carney, David Ritchie, Rodney Hicks, John F Seymour
Journal: Blood (2012)
Identification of a Novel Gene Expression Signature in Mantle Cell Lymphoma from the Fondazione Italiana Linfomi (FIL)-MCL-0208 Trial: A Focus on the B Cell Receptor Pathway
Authors: Riccardo Bomben, Simone Ferrero, Michele Dal Bo, Tiziana D'Agaro, Alessandro Re, Andrea Evangelista, Angelo Michele Carella, Alberto Zamò, Umberto Vitolo, Paola Omedè, Chiara Rusconi, Luca Arcaini, Luigi Rigacci, Stefano Luminari, Sergio Cortelazzo, Marco Ladetto, Valter Gattei
Journal: Blood (2015)
Assessment of Early Cytogenetic Response As a Predictor of Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in a Phase 1/2 Study of Bosutinib in Chronic Phase CML.
Authors: Jorge E Cortes, Tim H Brümmendorf, H. Jean Khoury, Andreas Hochhaus, Jane Apperley, Stephen O'Brien, Eric Leip, Virginia Kelly, Katherine Ruffner, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2012)
Phase I Study of Gemcitabine, Fludarabine and Mitoxantrone for Relapsed or Refractory Leukemia.
Authors: Debashish Misra, Joseph O. Moore, Jon P. Gockerman, Louis Diehl, Carlos de Castro, Yiping Yang, Cristina Gasparetto, Amy Abernathy, Mitchell Horwitz, Gwynn D. Long, John Chute, Bercedis Peterson, Nelson J. Chao, David A. Rizzieri
Journal: Blood (2005)
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF BACK PAIN IN SPORTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Daniela Fett, Katharina Trompeter, Petra Platen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2017)

Background Back pain (BP) is a frequent health problem in the general population resulting in enormous costs for the health care system. It is also one of the most frequently occurring complaints in sports. Objective To determine lifetime prevalence (LTP), 12-months prevalence (12-mP) and point prevalence (PP) of BP regarding the pain intensity and the localization at the spine in German elite athletes compared to an active control group (CG) and to identify potential risk factors for BP. Design The study was designed as a cross-sectional retrospective survey. Setting A validated online BP questionnaire (Kourinka, 1987; von Korff, 1992) was sent by the German Olympic Sports Confederation to approximately 4,000 athletes, and to a CG of 253 physically active but non-elite sports students. Participants N=1114 athletes (m=46.5%, f=53.1%, 20.9±4.8 years, 176.5±11.5 cm, 71.0±10.3 kg) and 166 physically active students (m=74.7%, f=24.1%, 21.2±2.0 years, 180.0±8.0 cm, 74.0±14.5 kg) took part. Main Outcome Measurements LTP, 12-mP, PP and risk factors of BP were determined. Results LTP of BP was 88.5%, 12-mP was 81.1% and PP was 49.0%, compared with 80.7%, 70.0% and 42.8%, respectively in the CG. The LTP and 12-mP in athletes were significantly higher than in the CG. The most often occurred localization was the lower back. Regarding the sports disciplines individually LTP of BP ranged between 58–100%. High prevalence rates of 95–100% were found in fencing, rowing, water-polo, diving, shooting and dancing. Conclusions Findings indicate that BP is a present problem in athletes. Especially sports with high mechanical loads on the spine seem to be affected. Athletes, physicians and coaches should be aware of this, and seek to identify specific prevention programs, especially in high-risk sports. These programs should be part of elite athletes' daily training. Acknowledgement: The study was supported by the Federal Institute for Sport Science, Germany (ZMVI1–080102A/11–18).
Nanotechnology-based strategies for treatment of ocular disease
Authors: Yuhua Weng, Juan Liu, Shubin Jin, Weisheng Guo, Xingjie Liang, Zhongbo Hu
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2016)

Ocular diseases include various anterior and posterior segment diseases. Due to the unique anatomy and physiology of the eye, efficient ocular drug delivery is a great challenge to researchers and pharmacologists. Although there are conventional noninvasive and invasive treatments, such as eye drops, injections and implants, the current treatments either suffer from low bioavailability or severe adverse ocular effects. Alternatively, the emerging nanoscience and nanotechnology are playing an important role in the development of novel strategies for ocular disease therapy. Various active molecules have been designed to associate with nanocarriers to overcome ocular barriers and intimately interact with specific ocular tissues. In this review, we highlight the recent attempts of nanotechnology-based systems for imaging and treating ocular diseases, such as corneal d iseases, glaucoma, retina diseases, and choroid diseases. Although additional work remains, the progress described herein may pave the way to new, highly effective and important ocular nanomedicines.
Extraordinary long-term and fluctuating persistence of Ebola virus RNA in semen of survivors in Guinea: implications for public health
Authors: A.K. Keita, A. Toure, M.S. Sow, H. Raoul, N'F. Magassouba, E. Delaporte, J.-F. Etard, L. Abel, A. Ayouba, S. Baize, K. Bangoura, A. Barry, M. Barry, M. Cissé, E. Delaporte, C. Delmas, A. Desclaux, S. Diallo, M.S. Diallo, M.S. Diallo, J.-F. Étard, C. Etienne, O. Faye, I. Fofana, B. Granouillac, E.H. Hébert, S. Izard, D. Kassé, A.K. Keita, L. Koivugui, C. Kpamou, C. Lacarabaratz, S. Leroy, C.L. Marchal, Y. Levy, N'F. Magassouba, L. March, P. Msellati, H. Niane, M. Peeters, Y.-M. Pers, H. Raoul, S.L. Sacko, I. Savané, M.S. Sow, B. Taverne, A. Touré, F.A. Traoré
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
Coach-directed education is associated with injury-prevention behaviour in players: an ecological cross-sectional study
Authors: James C Brown, Sugnet Gardner-Lubbe, Michael Ian Lambert, Willem van Mechelen, Evert Verhagen
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Rugby union ('rugby') presents an above-average risk of injury to participants. BokSmart is a South African nationwide intervention that aims to reduce rugby-related injuries in players. This is achieved by educating coaches and referees to improve injury behaviour of players. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess if the receipt of injury-prevention education was associated with player behaviour.Junior (n=2279) and senior (n=1642) players, who attended merit-based South African Rugby tournaments (2008-2012), completed an anonymous questionnaire. Logistic regressions investigated if player injury-prevention behaviours were associated with the receipt of education on the same topic. Additionally, players' preferred sources of education were explored through frequency and χ2 analyses.Of the 16 injury-prevention behaviours, 12 (75%) were associated with receiving education on that topic. The four behaviours not associated with education were: warming-up (before training and matches), and avoiding heat and massage post injury. Of the seven possible sources of this education, the majority of players chose either coaches or physiotherapists as their preferred media. In comparison with junior players, more senior players chose physiotherapists instead of coaches for warming-up and cooling-down education.The results of this study support, to a large degree, the strategy of BokSmart-influence of player behaviour through coach education. However, these findings also suggest that BokSmart could target team physiotherapists in addition to coaches and referees with their safety education. Also, players might have different preferences for this education depending on their age.
SP0094 EULAR/EFORT Recommendations for Prevention and Management of Osteoporotic Fractures
Authors: W.F. Lems
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Fragility fractures in women and men older than 50 years are among the most frequent musculoskeletal manifestations for which patients consult healthcare workers from more than one medical specialty. Immediately following a fracture, the patient needs acute fracture care, supplied by an orthopaedic or trauma surgeon. This is followed in a later phase by subsequent fracture prevention in patients identified at high risk for a subsequent fracture, usually under the responsibility of rheumatologists or other bone disease experts. Thus, at a local level, a close collaboration between these specialities is necessary. Both the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) and the European Federation of National Associations of Orthopaedics and Traumatology (EFORT) have recognised the importance of optimal fracture care and prevention of subsequent fractures in high-risk patients and have therefore collaboratively initiated this recommendation. The recommendations will be discussed during the meeting. Some overarching principles that play a crucial role in the recommendations are: –especially in the frail elderly with a major fracture, an orthogeriatric and multidisciplinairy approach in an in-hospital setting is warranted, to avoid complications, delirium, and prevent increased morbidity and mortality –optimal care in the preoperative, operative and postoperative phase has an important effect on clinical outcome. As a consequence, it is very likely that limited mobility and a low quality of life in the postoperative phase may have an elevated risk of future fractures. –for prevention of subsequent fractures, it is important that in all patients fracture risk will be investigated systematically, including DXA, imaging of the spine, fall risk evaluation and screening for secondary osteoporosis. –for subsequent prevention of fractures in high risk patients, not only effective and safe drugs should be prescribed, but non-pharmacological treatment options and patient education are also crucial. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Radiation Pneumonitis Risk after Bleomycin Toxicity in Hodgkin Lymphoma Patients
Authors: Zeinab A Abou Yehia, George Mikhaeel, Grace Smith, Chelsea C Pinnix, Sarah A Milgrom, Michelle A. Fanale, Jay Reddy, Eleanor Osborne, Mani Akhtari, Jillian Gunther, Pamela Allen, Bouthaina S. Dabaja
Journal: Blood (2015)
Republican election sweep is likely to spell end for US health reform law
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In a stunning electoral sweep, Republicans in the United States have secured the presidency and both houses of Congress, giving them a free hand to overturn President Barack Obama’s signature legislative accomplishment, the Affordable Care Act, and to reform the US healthcare system along conservative, free market principles.

The Republican presidential candidate, Donald Trump—who defied pre-election polls that put him well behind the Democrat candidate Hillary Clinton—secured the presidency, winning by 278 electoral votes to Clinton’s 218 of the results posted (496 of 538 electors) when this story was prepared. Republicans also secured a seat majority in the Senate, to maintain control of that chamber, and a majority in the House of Representatives. …
Autologous Transplantation for Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: Pre-Transplant Hypogammaglobulinemia Is a Predictor for Early Toxicities.
Authors: Brian J. Bolwell, Matt Kalaycio, Ronald Sobecks, Steven Andresen, Lisa Rybicki, Elizabeth Kuczkowski, Jennifer Bates, Kristie Summers, Laura Bernhard, Kelly Cherni, Janet Baker, Stacey Brown, Brad Pohlman
Journal: Blood (2004)
SAT0143 The Effect of Total Knee Arthroplasty on The Arthritis of Other Joints in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Y. Yonemoto, K. Okamura, C. Okura, T. Suto, K. Takagishi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> There have been some reports that total arthroplasty can improve the disease activity in RA patients. The RA disease activity is commonly assessed using composite measures. These include five components: inflammation markers, the swollen joint count, tender joint count, patient9s global VAS and evaluator9s global VAS. Therefore, total arthroplasty can improve all of these components if there is improvement of arthritis, even if it is only in the surgical site. It is still unclear whether the improvement of disease activity is only at the surgical site or includes other joints. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess the arthritis of systemic large joints at baseline and 12 weeks after TKA using 18FDG-PET (PET)/CT in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Seventeen RA patients who underwent TKA were included this study. We assessed the FDG-PET, CRP, ESR, MMP-3, DAS28-ESR, DAS28-CRP, CDAI, SDAI, HAQ-DI, HSS score and Knee ROM at baseline (just before TKA) and 12 weeks after TKA. <h3>Results</h3> The median age of the patients was 68 years old, and the disease duration was 23 years. Concomitant MTX and PSL treatment was being administered to 71% of the patients. One patient was treated with infliximab, two used etanercept, one used tocilizmab and two used abatacept. The CRP, MMP-3, all of the composite measurements, the HAQ and the knee function improved significantly 12 weeks after TKA. These data show the changes in the SUV of each joint. The SUV of the bilateral wrist joints decreased significantly 12 weeks after TKA. However, the SUV of other large joints were unchanged. <h3>Conclusions</h3> TKA can improve not only the ADL and knee function, but also the disease activity in RA patients. However, TKA has limited effectiveness against the arthritis of the joints not undergoing surgery. <h3>References</h3> Kanbe K, Inoue K.; Efficacy of arthroscopic synovectomy for the effect attenuation cases of infliximab in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2006 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A Biologic Combination of Lenalidomide and Rituximab for Front-Line Therapy of Indolent B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.
Authors: Nathan Fowler, Peter McLaughlin, Fredrick B. Hagemeister, Larry Kwak, Michelle Fanale, Sattva Neelapu, Luis Fayad, Barbara Pro, Crystal Sergent, Shana R. S. White, Felipe Samaniego
Journal: Blood (2009)
P2.12: Treatment Response in Patients With ALK Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Positive With Fish Negative
Authors: Pablo Mando, Constanza Perez De La Puente, Manglio M. Rizzo, Laura Leguina, Ruben Salanova, Yanina Powazniak, Carmen Puparelli, Carmen Puparelli, Reinaldo Chacon, Claudio Martin
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Anti-CD45 Radioimmunotherapy Using the Alpha-Emitting Radionuclide 211At Combined with Bone Marrow Transplantation Prolongs Survival in a Disseminated Murine Leukemia Model
Authors: Johnnie J. Orozco, Aimee Kenoyer, Tom Bäck, Ethan R. Balkin, Donald K. Hamlin, D Scott Wilbur, Darrell R. Fisher, Shani L. Frayo, Mark D. Hylarides, Damian J. Green, Ajay K. Gopal, Oliver W. Press, John M. Pagel
Journal: Blood (2012)
SP0001 What Is New in Vasculitis?
Authors: C.G. Kallenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

The vasculitides comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. Definitions of these conditions have been provided by the Chapel Hill Consensus Conference (updated in 2012). A large prospective study defining and validating diagnostic and classification criteria for the vasculitides (DCVAS, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01066208) is underway. In the ANCA-associated vasculitides morbidity and mortality is still very high, in the initial phase due to disease activity and infections, in the late phase due to cardiovascular disease and malignancies. Use of high dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide (CYC) plays a major role in morbidity and mortality. Recent studies have shown that CYC can be replaced by rituximab (RTX), both for induction and maintenance treatment. Phase 2 data suggests that prednisone can be replaced by an oral complement C5a-receptor inhibitor. Defining risk factors for relapse is important in order to select patients for long-term maintenance treatment. Some biomarkers for relapsing disease have been defined, such as PR3-ANCA vs. MPO-ANCA, rises in PR3-ANCA in renal disease and pulmonary hemorrhage, HLA-DPB1, and others, but prospective studies should demonstrate their clinical value with respect to level and duration of maintenance treatment. In giant cell arteritis (GCA) aortitis has been recognized to occur in one out of three patients although being less severe in GCA than in isolated aortitis. Color duplex ultrasonography is valuable for a diagnosis of GCA, is comparable to MRI, but its use for selecting the site of biopsy did not improve the sensitivity of a temporal artery biopsy for a diagnosis of GCA. FDG-PET is useful as well for assessing active vascular inflammation in GCA and Takayasu arteritis but objective cut-off values for activity should still be defined. Levels of BAFF and Il-6 in serum are biomarkers for disease activity in GCA and PMR. In this respect, a phase 2 trial with tocilizumab in GCA has been succesful in showing that tocilizumab together with prednisone resulted in a higher rate of complete remission at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/d at 12 weeks and a higher rate of relapse free remission at 52 weeks compared to prednisone alone. EULAR/ACR recommendations for the management of PMR have been established last year. New developments in the other vasculitides will be discussed as well. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
OC-006 Safety And Efficacy Of Low Dose Azathioprine And Allopurinol Co-therapy: A Large Single Centre Experience: Abstract OC-006 Table 1
Authors: P Stamoulos, E Stournaras, C Bull, M Cowan, G Mackenzie, J Stenner, S Coulthard, A Ansari
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The effectiveness of full dose azathioprine (FDA) for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has been questioned in recent scientific literature. A popular strategy to improve its outcomes recommends the use of low dose azathioprine with allopurinol co-therapy (LDAA) for patients profiled as “hypermethylators” (30% of non-responders). The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of LDAA without using thiopurine metabolite (TM) profiling. <h3>Methods</h3> Records of IBD patients treated with LDAA were retrospectively analysed. Patients who had poor response and/or side-effects to FDA were offered LDAA by all Consultants whilst a single IBD physician also offered LDAA to thiopurine-naïve patients. Azathioprine dose was reduced to 25% of the thiopurine methyl transferase (TPMT) adjusted dose (0.5 mg/kg for wild type and 0.25 mg/kg for heterozygotes) followed by conventional haematological monitoring. Non-adherence was assessed by TM measurements. Full response (FR) was defined as steroid free remission (Harvey Bradshaw index ≤3, Truelove-Witts normal) for greater than 3 months after a 3 month induction period for LDAA. <h3>Results</h3> Of 300 LDAA patients, adequate data was available for 295 cases. Group 1 (G1) were treated 1<sup>st</sup> line (n,105) and Group 2 (G2) were switched from FDA to LDAA (n,190). Overall, for both groups, there were 207 (70%) full responders (FR), 20 partial responders (PR) and 68 non-responders (NR). Full response rate was 78% in G1 and 66% in G2. The commonest indication for switching to LDAA was non-response to FDA (n,118). Analysis of haematological indices revealed significant changes (p &lt; 0.05) in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white cell count and platelet count after therapy induction. Myelotoxicity occurred in 5 patients (all NR, WCC &gt;2 and &lt;3.5) and 12 patients had asymptomatic hepatotoxicity (ALT range: 100–700) which resolved by increasing allopurinol to 200 mg in 9 patients (all FR). Time on treatment: 208 patients took LDAA for more than twelve months with a median length of therapy of 24 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Appropriately dosed LDAA therapy delivers a therapeutically effective dose of azathioprine without the need for dose escalation. It appears to be more effective, better tolerated and safer (less haematological disturbance) than FDA. These results will serve to allay the fear of toxicity of LDAA and question the need for thiopurine metabolite level profiling prior to using this apparently superior therapeutic approach. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.