tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MPTH-05NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING OF GLIOMAS REFINES DIAGNOSIS AND IDENTIFIES TARGETABLE ALTERATIONS IN CLINICAL PRACTICE, BUT RESULTS DEPEND ON THE ASSAY
Authors: Adam Cohen, Keith Gligorich, Timothy Parnell, Julia Elvin, Shakti Ramkissoon, Amiee Maxwell, Cheryl Palmer, Joshua Schiffman, Howard Colman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Although molecular characterization of gliomas is becoming common, the utility and reliability in clinical practice are controversial. Genomic alterations can influence the diagnostic classification of glioma increasing diagnostic certainty. We applied comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) using hybridization captured libraries to achieve high coverage sequencing of 315 cancer-related genes plus selected introns of 19 genes commonly rearranged in cancer to 73 glioma samples in a CLIA-certified commercial laboratory (FoundationOne). Twenty gliomas were assayed by one or more other next generation sequencing (NGS) platform (Sequenom Oncocarta, the 48 gene Ion Ampliseq panel in a commercial laboratory, and a research-grade Illumina Miseq custom panel enriched for glioma-associated alterations). CGP results prompted revision of the pathologic diagnosis of seven samples (10%): two to anaplastic oligodendroglioma from AA or GBM (mutations detected in IDH1, CIC, +/- FUBP1); three to AA or GBM from oligodendroglioma (lack of IDH1, CIC, or FUBP1; +/- ATRX and TP53); and one to pilocytic astrocytoma from infiltrating astrocytoma (BRAF V600E). In two cases unexpected findings led to change in biologic understanding albeit not formal diagnosis: a GBM with the ganglioglioma-associated BRAF-KIAA1549 fusion and an AA in a 42 year-old with an H3F3K27M mutation typical of pediatric gliomas. Likely targetable alterations were identified in 10 (13%) of tumors, including EGFRvIII, EGFR fusion, FGFR3 fusion, BRAF mutations, and MET amplification. Samples run on multiple platforms were consistent for genes present across panels (86% of reported alterations). However, hot spot NGS panels missed alterations important for glioma categorization, including EGFRvIII, IDH, ATRX, TP53, and MSH6. Validation of diagnosis altering mutations in a larger set of gliomas will be presented. Molecular profiling can identify clinically relevant alterations in gliomas. Because glioma-associated genes are not consistently included on targeted NGS panels developed for other solid tumor types, selection of a platform including these alterations is critical.
Systems thinking in psychiatry: some theoretical and clinical implications
Authors: J Marmor
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The author discusses the theoretical and pragmatic value of systems thinking in psychiatry. An awareness of the pluralistic, multifactorial origins of psychopathology broadens the psychiatrist's understanding and increases his or her therapeutic potential. The psychiatrist who thinks in systems terms is a true generalist in medicine, and to practice that way is the most effective way of treating people.
Q&amp;A: Mitchell Zeller on the FDA and Tobacco
Authors: Mitchell Zeller, Suzanne Rose
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

Abstract By law, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has the authority, through its Center for Tobacco Products, to regulate the manufacture, marketing, and distribution of tobacco products. Its director, Mitchell Zeller, JD, talks about how the center, though its research, public education, and enforcement activities, aims to “make tobacco-related death and disease a part of America's past.”
Strategies for evaluating the outcome of community services for the chronically mentally ill
Authors: H C Schulberg, E Bromet
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

A growing number of community support services are being designed for the chronically mentally ill with the goal of improving this population's adjustment to noninstitutional settings. Program planners anticipate that a comprehensive array of psychiatry and other human services will also benefit families of the mentally ill, staff working with the mentally ill, and communities in which these persons reside. Given this complex services delivery model the authors discuss strategies that must be established for evaluating the effectiveness of community support services. They analyze the methodological issues in designing pertinent outcome studies and suggest research priorities for studying the various target populations and other variables.
Adjuvant treatment with pegylated interferon α-2a versus low-dose interferon α-2a in patients with high-risk melanoma: a randomized phase III DeCOG trial
Authors: T.K. Eigentler, R. Gutzmer, A. Hauschild, L. Heinzerling, D. Schadendorf, D. Nashan, E. Hölzle, F. Kiecker, J. Becker, C. Sunderkötter, I. Moll, E. Richtig, I. Pönitzsch, H. Pehamberger, R. Kaufmann, C. Pföhler, T. Vogt, C. Berking, M. Praxmarer, C. Garbe
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)

<h2>ABSTRACT</h2><h3>Background</h3> Adjuvant treatment with interferon (IFN)-α-2a improved disease-free survival (DFS) and showed a trend for improving overall survival (OS) in melanoma. This trial was designed to examine whether PEG-IFN is superior to IFN with regard to distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), DFS and OS. <h3>Patients and methods</h3> In this multicenter, open-label, prospective randomized phase III trial, patients with resected cutaneous melanoma stage IIA(T3a)–IIIB (AJCC 2002) were randomized to receive PEG-IFN (180 μg subcutaneously 1×/week; 24 months) or IFN α-2a (3MIU subcutaneously 3×/week; 24 months). Randomization was stratified for stage, number of metastatic nodes, age and previous IFN treatment. The primary end point was DMFS; secondary end points were OS, DFS, quality of life (QoL) and tolerability. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 909 patients were enrolled (451 PEG-IFN versus 458 IFN). Neither 5-year DMFS [PEG-IFN 61.0% versus IFN 67.3%; hazard ratio (HR) 1.16, <i>P</i> = 0.21] nor 5-year OS (PEG-IFN 73.2% versus IFN 75.2%; HR 1.05, <i>P</i> = 0.70) nor 5-year DFS (PEG-IFN 57.3% versus IFN 60.9%; HR 1.09, <i>P</i> = 0.40) showed significant differences. Subgroup analyses in patients ± ulcerated primaries and of different tumor stages did not find differences in DMFS, OS or DFS between the treatment groups. One hundred and eighteen patients (26.2%) in the PEG-IFN and 61 patients (13.3%) in the IFN population did not receive the full dosage and length of treatment due to adverse events (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Leukopenia and elevation of liver enzymes were more common in the PEG-IFN arm (56% versus 23.5% LCP; 19.1% versus 9.4% AST; 33.0% versus 16.5% ALT). QoL was identical for nearly all domains. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PEG-IFN did not improve the outcome over IFN. A higher percentage of patients under PEG-IFN discontinued treatment due to toxicity. <h3>Clinical Trials.gov Identifier</h3> NCT00204529.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett, Donald M. Muirhead
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

An obese (weight of 100 kg and height of 152.4 cm) 25-year-old primigravida experienced 17 hours of labor 19 days past the estimated date of confinement and was delivered with difficulty by mid-forceps of a stillborn infant.Dates were not in doubt, the prenatal course was uneventful, and weight gain was limited to 7 kg. No pelvic measurements were recorded and "Examinations did not give any suspicion that the pelvis was too small although it did appear to be slightly on the small side." Obesity made estimates of growth fruitless, and the fetal heartbeat difficult to obtain even with an . . .
CSF copper in schizophrenia
Authors: S P Tyrer, H T Delves, M P Weller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors measured copper levels in the cerebrospinal fluid of 8 schizophrenic subjects and 6 controls. The schizophrenic subjects had significantly lower CSF copper values than the controls, which is consistent with the hypothesis that there is reduced central activity of copper-dependent enzymes in schizophrenia. These enzymes, tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase, are involved in the synthesis and catabolism of dopamine.
Comorbidity of major depression and anxiety disorders in twin pairs
Authors: S Torgersen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The relationship among major depression only, major depression with anxiety disorders, and anxiety disorders only was investigated in a twin sample (N = 177 pairs). The results suggest that there is an etiological relationship between mixed major depression-anxiety disorders and major depression only but no relationship between these two conditions and anxiety disorders only. When anxiety disorders with panic attacks were analyzed, the relationship between mixed cases and major depression only and the lack of a relationship between mixed cases, major depression only, and anxiety disorders only became even clearer. Furthermore, mixed cases seemed to be more strongly influence by genetic factors than was major depression only.
High Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Activity in a New T-Cell Line (RPMI 8402) of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Origin 2
Authors: B. I. Sahai Srivastava, J. Minowada, G. E. Moore
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article High Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Activity in a New T-Cell Line (RPMI 8402) of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Origin Get access B. I. Sahai Srivastava, B. I. Sahai Srivastava Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Minowada, J. Minowada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. E. Moore G. E. Moore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 1, July 1975, Pages 11–14, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.1.11 Published: 01 July 1975 Article history Published: 01 July 1975 Received: 20 November 1975 Accepted: 27 March 1976
Productive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection of Purified Megakaryocytic Progenitors/Precursors and Maturing Megakaryocytes
Authors: C. Chelucci, M. Federico, R. Guerriero, G. Mattia, I. Casella, E. Pelosi, U. Testa, G. Mariani, H.J. Hassan, C. Peschle
Journal: Blood (1998)
A Ten-Year Survey of Testicular Tumors in a General Hospital
Authors: J D COLLINS, A P SCHOENENBERGER
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THU0459 Clinical Features of Dysfunctional Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: E. Turovskaya, L. Alekseeva, E.G. Filatova
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Historically pain in OA considered to be nociceptive one. But recent studies has shown that in some cases mechanisms of chronic pain in knee osteoarthritis (OA) are likely to be complex. For characterizing knee pain 28-34% patients can use neuropathic descriptors such as burning, tingling, numbness. These sensor phenomena are caused by specific changes in the posterior horn – central sensitization and forms dysfunctional pain. This type of pain accompanies with dysfunction of biochemical process in CNS and does not characterize with organic changes of CNS. Dysfunctional pain is also typically characterized with hyperalgesia and pronounced affective disorders. <h3>Objectives</h3> To reveal key features of dysfunctional pain in pt with knee OA and demonstrate its correlation with clinical picture and intensity of chronic pain. <h3>Methods</h3> 89 women (middle age 58±5,4), II-III grade by Kellgren-Lawrence with chronic knee OA were neurologically tested. No neurological deficit was found. Examination of sensitive sphere revealed primary hyperalgesia (in the damaged knee) and also referred hyperalgesia in the intact region (shank and even hip). According to sensitive changes the pts were divided into two groups: pts with primary hyperalgesia and pts with referred hyperalgesia. In our trial we assed clinical rheumatological picture, X-ray and US of the knee. NP pain scales (Paindetect and DN4) were used. Duration of knee symptoms, knee OA severity (WOMAC) and pain intensity were taken into consideration. We used the prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders in population with OA, examined the interrelationships between severity of pain and emotional disturbances by Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale. <h3>Results</h3> Neurologic examination revealed referred hyperalgesia not only knee localization but also hip and shank localization in 41,5%, (n=37) had and in 58,5% (n=52). No somatosensory defects were found. There was no association with age, body index, duration of knee OA, quality of life and level of structural changes. The presence of referred hyperalgesia accompanied with high levels of neuropathic pain scales, correlated with higher pain intensity (VAS), poor WOMAC and significantly associated with higher level of depression. The presence of referred hyperalgasia accompaned with more often observed neuropathic discriptors: numbness 60,5% vs 39,5%, current rush 51,9% vs 48,1% and tingling 55% vs 45%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Chronic OA is a complex of mechanisms and includes nociceptive and dysfunctional pain. Dysfunctional pain in OA can be visualized clinically by the prevalence of referred pain, that was revealed in 41,5%. The degree of spreading sensitization is correlated with the level of clinical pain and does not correlate with structural changes. Additionally as screening test can be used neuropathic scales (DN4, PainDETECT), that include the most typical neuropathic transcriptors <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates
Authors: D F SMILEY
Journal: JAMA (1964)

A system of qualification examinations has been developed in order to insure uniformity and fairness in the testing of foreign-trained physicians for admission to internship or residency training in the hospitals of the United States. The Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) gave its first examinations in 1958. These have been modified in the light of accumulating facts, especially as regards language difficulties. The fourth examination, Sept. 22, 1959, will be given not only in the United States but also in over 50 foreign centers. The candidate who passes can safely assume that his knowledge of medicine and command of English are adequate for him to profit by his experience in this country, and an American hospital accepting him can feel assured that he is qualified to render effective service as intern or assistant resident. The Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG) opened its doors Oct. 1, 1957. On March 25, 1958, it held its first American Medical qualification examination; on Sept. 23, 1958, its second examination; and on Feb. 17, 1959, its third examination.
Neuropsychological and EEG disturbances in polydrug users
Authors: I Grant, L L Judd
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

EEG and neuropsychological evaluation of 66 polydrug users revealed that 43% had EEG abnormalities and 45% had neuropsychological impairment 3 weeks after admission to a polydrug study unit. At 5-month follow-up, 27% of 30 retested subjects were still impaired neuropsychologically. Impairment may be related to extensive involvement with sedatives, alcohol, or heavy polydrug use. The authors suggest that cerebral dysfunction in polydrug users might be the result of organicity of intermediate duration and that deficits may be experienced by some beyond 5 months of reduced use or abstinence. Organicity may dictate structured, reality-based intervention techniques, especially early in treatment.
FRI0227 The Burden of Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Comparison of the Radiographic and Non-Radiographic Groups: Table 1.
Authors: P. Cetin, G. Sen, S. Capar, H. Yarkan, G. Kenar, I. Sari, M. Birlik, F. Onen, N. Akkoc
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) represents the whole clinical spectrum of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) including those at the non-radiographic (nr) stage of the disease. Although the disease burden associated with radiographic axSpA (classically known as AS) has been extensively studied, the burden associated with nr-axSpA is less well known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess and compare the burden of radiographic and nr-axSpA <h3>Methods</h3> This cross-sectional, observational study included consecutive AxSpA patients with varying disease severity, who attended our outpatient clinic between April 2014 and December 2014. During the visits, the following questionnaires were applied by trained health professionals:BASDAI, BASFI, HAQ-S, SF-36, ASQoL,Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) and Work Productivity Survey (WPS). <h3>Results</h3> A total of 381 AxSpA patients (279 AS) were analyzed. Nr-axSpA group, were younger (39.4 vs 43.1, p=0.007), more likely to be female (54% vs 33%, p&lt;0.001), had a shorter disease duration (10.1 vs 16.0 years, p&lt;0.001) and lower CRP (5.9 vs 13.2, p&lt;0.001) and less common use of biologics (41.2% vs 26.5, p=0.008) despite higher BASDAI scores (Table). Broadly similar results were found for the other clinical outcome measures. Of all the axSpA patients, 58% were employed, with non-manual (25%), mixed (19%) and manual works (14%). Only 1.1% of the patients could not work due to arthritis. Patients with nr-axSpA reported more work productivity loss at workplace and at home over the last month, but the difference was significant only for household activities. Subgroup analysis showed that this difference was only found in females. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with AS and nr-AxSpA demonstrate similar degree of disease burden and prodcutivity, with a greater impairment of household work in females. Low rate of inability to work due to arthritis in this population with a relatively high prevalence of anti-TNF use may be a reflection of the effectiveness of such therapies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
From the Editor
Authors: Susan E. Bates
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

This issue of CCR Focus highlights the recent progress made in epigenetic therapies, from the translational science and clinical perspectives. Although we don't know the extent to which the origin of cancer can be ascribed to epigenetic changes, it is clear that abnormalities are prevalent and very likely contribute to malignant progression. It is interesting to note that the epigenetic modifiers developed to date induce phenotypic differentiation in vitro. This issue begins with McCabe, Brandes and Vertino describing current understandings of the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer specific DNA methylation. Issa and Kantarjian address the question of why it has been so difficult to develop DNA methylation inhibitors clinically and then anticipate the extension of therapeutic utility into tumor types beyond acute myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Three papers then address the "other" epigenetic therapy-the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. David Schrump reports on aberrant expression of HDACs in cancer and attests to the difficulty in understanding exactly the mechanisms underlying HDAC inhibitor activity, while Prince, Bishton, and Harrison address efficacy in the clinic to date, which is apparently restricted to hematologic malignancies, particularly T cell lymphomas. Bots and Johnstone discuss the potential for exploiting the molecular effects of HDAC inhibitors in combination therapy to extend the spectrum of activity in cancer. In their overview, Guest Editors Piekarz and Bates synthesize these topics and also note the origin of epigenetic therapy in work on differentiating agents beginning in the 1970s, encouraged that the decades of work that followed have not been in vain.Although we titled this FOCUS series, Epigenetic Therapies Reach Main Street, intending to underscore the point that epigenetic therapies have become a part of the oncologist's armamentarium, the FOCUS papers in some ways highlight the opposite point. While showing almost ubiquitous activity in vitro, epigenetic therapies today target very specific diseases clinically. Whether these diseases have a distinct origin in an epigenetic mechanism, we do not know. But normalizing the epigenome to reduce the contribution of its aberrancy to most cancers has seemed out of reach. Increasing our understanding of the basic science of epigenetics in cancer could change that. Perhaps our therapies, in altering global DNA methylation and histone acetylation, have not been specific enough, and figuring out how to move from global to specific epigenetic targets will be an important step. For now, we use the drugs alone when we can, and otherwise intently pursue them in well-designed combination studies.
The impact of depression in old age on close social relationships
Authors: E Murphy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Changes in the ratings of intimacy of personal relationships in depressed elderly patients were studied over a 1-year period. Those patients who had recovered by the end of the year were significantly more likely to report an improvement in the quality of their close relationships then were patients who had a poor clinical outcome. Changes in reports of intimacy were due not only to the effect of depression on the quality of relationships but also to independent life events occurring in the follow-up period.