tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Visualization of Orbital Involvement of Erdheim-Chester Disease on PET/CT
Authors: Volkan Beylergil, Jorge A. Carrasquillo, David M. Hyman, Eli L. Diamond
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

We report a 58-year-old man who presented with swelling and redness in his left eye, headache, and blurred vision. A contrast-enhanced CT of the orbits revealed bilateral orbital masses. Whole-body PET/CT showed bilateral retrobulbar hypermetabolic soft tissue lesions, multiple areas of soft tissue involvement, and osseous lesions in bilateral lower extremities. An open surgical biopsy of the left orbital mass revealed xanthomatous non-Langerhans histiocytic infiltrate with Touton giant cells, positive for CD68 but negative for CD1a, establishing a diagnosis of Erdheim-Chester disease.
Cushing's Syndrome in Children and Adolescents -- Presentation, Diagnosis, and Therapy
Authors: Maria Alexandra Magiakou, George Mastorakos, Edward H. Oldfield, M. Teresa Gomez, John L. Doppman, Gordon B. Cutler, Lynnette K. Nieman, George P. Chrousos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Cushing's syndrome is rare in children and adolescents. We analyzed the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment of 59 patients with Cushing's syndrome between the ages of 4 and 20 years who were admitted to the National Institutes of Health during the period from 1982 to 1992. The cause of hypercortisolism was identified by low- and high-dose dexamethasone suppression tests, the ovine corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation test, imaging studies, and bilateral sampling of the inferior petrosal sinuses combined with administration of CRH.
P5-19-14: Platinum-Based Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.
Authors: C Villarreal-Garza, N Bouganim, D Khalaf, M Clemons, F Kassam, K Enright, S Verma, J Myers, R Dent
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: There is increasing evidence that DNA repair defects characteristic of BRCA1-related cancers and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) confer sensitivity to certain chemotherapeutic agents, such as platinums. However, prospective and retrospective studies comparing the efficacy of these agents versus conventional treatment in TNBC are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) in metastatic TNBC in terms of median duration of treatment and overall-survival (OS) and compare it to patients treated with conventional chemotherapy. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients with metastatic TNBC who received PBC from January 2007 to June 2010 treated at the Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Center and the Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre. This cohort was compared to a control group that included metastatic TNBC treated with conventional agents that included anthracyclines, taxanes, capecitabine, and vinorelbine. Results: A total of 166 metastatic TNBC patients were analyzed: 60 treated with PBC and 106 managed with conventional treatment. Median age at diagnosis was 48 years and distant disease-free interval was 26 months (m) for both groups. Patients on both groups had multiple sites of metastases at diagnosis of recurrence than a single site of metastasis (69% for both groups). Of the 60 patients treated with PBC, 90% received a combination regimen, most commonly weekly cisplatin plus gemcitabine in 37% of patients and cisplatin plus vinorelbine in 17% of patients. The median number of cycles delivered was 4 (1-24). 33% received the PBC as first-line treatment, 38% as second-line, 18% as third-line, 7% as fourth line, and 3% as fifth-line. Only 8 patients (5%) discontinued PBC secondary to toxicity. The median time on treatment in first, second and third-line therapy was longer for the PBC group compared to the conventional group (5 vs. 2 m, p=0.108; 5 vs. 2 m, p=0.01; and 4 vs. 1 m, p=0.026). Patients treated with PBC had a longer OS compared to those managed conventionally (16 vs. 10 m, p=0.039). Conclusions: PBC appears to improve clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic TNBC compared to those treated with conventional chemotherapy regimens. Although this is a retrospective study with its obvious limitations, it adds to the growing body of literature, suggesting the benefit of PBC in TNBC. Prospective trials are needed to confirm its benefit in order to integrate it as part of the routine management of these patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-19-14.
Uveitis Caused by<i>Tropheryma whippelii</i>(Whipple's Bacillus)
Authors: Leland S. Rickman, William R. Freeman, W. Richard Green, Sandy T. Feldman, Janet Sullivan, Valentina Russack, David A. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Whipple's disease is a multisystem bacterial disease usually characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, and polyarthritis. Ocular manifestations of Whipple's disease include blurred vision or visual loss with one or more of the following findings: vitritis, uveitis, retinitis, retinal hemorrhage, choroiditis, papilledema, optic atrophy, and keratitis.1 In general, these ocular manifestations occur in patients who also have gastrointestinal or central nervous system involvement. We report a case of chronic, bilateral uveitis with unusual ophthalmologic features. The patient had no clinical evidence of gastrointestinal disease, and light microscopy of repeated duodenal-biopsy specimens was negative. A preliminary diagnosis of Whipple's disease was made on . . .
Actinomycosis Imitating Parotid Cancer With Metastatic Lymph Nodes in FDG PET/CT
Authors: Greta S. P. Mok, Frankie P. T. Choi, Winnie C. W. Chu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We describe a 70-year-old man who presented with a right neck mass, with suspicion of primary head and neck cancer. The PET/CT results demonstrated intense FDG uptake over right lateral neck around the angle of mandible, corresponding to an infiltrative soft-tissue mass presented in the right parotid space on CT. Slight increased FDG update was also evident in a few adjacent lymph nodes. Primary parotid cancer with metastatic lymph nodes was suggested. Subsequent biopsy confirmed actinomycosis with no indication of malignant disease.
Increased 18F-FDG Uptake in the Spleen and Multiple Lymph Nodes in Dengue Fever
Authors: Megumi Jinguji, Yoriko Kajiya, Masatoyo Nakajo, Masayuki Nakajo, Takashi Yoshiura
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 62-year-old man underwent a whole-body FDG PET/CT for annual cancer screening. By an interview, he had an epigastric pain, and his body temperature was 37.0°C on the day. He just came back home from a travel to Southeast Asia 1 week ago and had presented with chill, high fever (temperature, 39.6°C), arthralgia, myalgia, and skin rash a few days before. Dengue fever was diagnosed by detecting dengue virus type 1 genome and antibody to the virus accompanied by thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. PET/CT examination revealed increased FDG uptake in the spleen and multiple lymph nodes.
Local 'Protective' IgG4 Antibodies In Nasal Fluid Are Elevated Following Grass Pollen Immunotherapy
Authors: Jinjin Zhang, Esther Steveling, Rachel Yan, Aarif Eifan, Rebecca Parkin, Guy W. Scadding, Mohamed H. Shamji, Stephen R. Durham
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Abstract 2556: Stat1 plays a major role in skin tumor promotion by chrysarobin but not TPA
Authors: Ronald Bozeman, John DiGiovanni
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie promotion by diverse tumor promoting agents remain to be fully elucidated. Studies using Stat1 knockout (KO) mice have shown that they were highly resistant to two-stage skin carcinogenesis using chrysarobin as the promoter. In contrast, Stat1 KO mice treated with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA) as the tumor promoter exhibited no significant differences in tumor formation. To further investigate mechanism(s) whereby Stat1 mediates skin tumor promotion by chrysarobin Stat1 KO mice and wild-type (WT) controls were treated with the respective tumor promoters and Stat1-dependent signaling pathways were evaluated. Mice deficient in Stat1 displayed an attenuated induction of epidermal Cox-2 mRNA and protein as well as reduced PGE2 levels compared to WT controls following topical application of chrysarobin, whereas, mice treated with TPA exhibited no significant differences in Cox-2 levels or PGE2 levels. Other results also suggest that Stat1 may regulate various cytokine/chemokines involved in the inflammatory response following chrysarobin treatment. Preliminary experiments have also shown that Stat1 KO mice exhibit reduced induction of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) following chrysarobin treatment, compared to WT controls. In contrast, treatment with TPA caused no significant differences in expression of IRF-1. Collectively, these findings suggest that chrysarobin may elicit a Stat1-dependent signaling response that is dependent on IRF-1, whereas TPA-mediated tumorigenesis is independent of this signaling pathway. These and other ongoing studies aimed at characterizing the role of Stat1 and IRF-1 signaling in chrysarobin-mediated tumor promotion will be presented. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2556. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2556
Perioperative Normothermia to Reduce the Incidence of Surgical-Wound Infection and Shorten Hospitalization
Authors: Andrea Kurz, Daniel I. Sessler, Rainer Lenhardt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Mild perioperative hypothermia, which is common during major surgery, may promote surgical-wound infection by triggering thermoregulatory vasoconstriction, which decreases subcutaneous oxygen tension. Reduced levels of oxygen in tissue impair oxidative killing by neutrophils and decrease the strength of the healing wound by reducing the deposition of collagen. Hypothermia also directly impairs immune function. We tested the hypothesis that hypothermia both increases susceptibility to surgical-wound infection and lengthens hospitalization.
Abstract 4497: Biomarkers of HPV in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Caihua Liang, Carmen J. Marsit, Michael D. McClean, Heather H. Nelson, Brock C. Christensen, Robert I. Haddad, John R. Clark, Richard O. Wein, Gregory A. Grillone, E. Andres Houseman, Gordana Halec, Tim Waterboer, Michael Pawlita, Jeffrey Krane, Karl T. Kelsey
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an accepted cause of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and patients with HPV-associated disease have a favorable prognosis. Currently there is no general guidance on the most appropriate biomarkers for clinical assessment of HPV. We measured DNA-based and serological markers in a single population-based study to assess their associations with disease outcome and to determine the most relevant biomarker for clinical use. HPV16 serology was determined using an immunoassay for the capsid protein L1, and multiplex serology based on the capsid protein L1 and the early oncoproteins E6/E7 for 488 patients. Immunohistochemical detection of p16 expression in tumors was performed in a subset of 233 cases, and we used two different methods to assess the presence of HPV16 DNA in a subset of 179 cases’ tumors. Seropositivity for the E6 and E7 proteins (individually) was significantly associated with enhanced survival (HRE6 or HRE7=0.3, 95%CI=0.2-0.5). Neither the presence of HPV16 DNA or p16 overexpression was associated with significant enhanced overall survival (HRDNA=0.8, 95%CI=0.5-1.3; HRp16=0.8, 95%CI=0.5-1.4). However the combination of HPV positive DNA and E6/E7 serology was associated with similarly enhanced overall survival (HRDNA+/E6+/E7+=0.1, 95%CI=0.01-0.6), while E6/E7 seronegative patients with evidence of HPV in tumor DNA did not show any evidence of favorable survival (HRDNA+/E6-/E7-=1.2, 95%CI = 0.7-2.2). Further, the combination of p16 staining and early gene seropositivity showed a favorable survival (HRp16+/E6+/E7+=0.3, 95%CI=0.1-0.9), while those who were p16 positive and early gene seronegative had significantly increased hazard of death (HRp16+/E6-/E7-=2.1, 95%CI=1.1-4.2). Determination of only HPV16 DNA status or p16 immunostaining is not an effective prognostic biomarker for HNSCC. However the combination of measurement of HPV16 DNA and p16 immunostaining with E6/E7 antibodies has high predictive clinical value, strongly suggesting that a combined biomarker approach is necessary for the assessment of the prognosis of HNSCC patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4497. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4497
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF MULTI-VESSEL CORONARY ARTERY SPASM ARE COMPARABLE TO SINGLE VESSEL SPASM ON RECOMMENDED OPTIMAL MEDICAL TREATMENT: KOREA VASOSPASTIC ANGINA REGISTRY DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Seung-Hwan Han, Dong Il Shin, Sung Ho Her, Youngkeun Ahn, Keun Ho Park, Dong Soo Kim, Tae Hyun Yang, Dong Ju Choi, Jung Won Suh, Hyuck Moon Kwon, Byoung Kwon Lee, Hyeon Cheol Gwon, Seung Woon Rha, Sang Ho Jo, Sang Hong Baek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Tips for a Physician in Getting the Right Job, Part XIV
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The business and governance aspects of a practice are important factors in considering employment. These issues affect the income, quality, harmony, and stability of the group. The job seeker should ask how the group is organized and try to assess how well it is led. This includes observing the efficiency and quality of the clinical operation, seeing how well people get along and how helpful they are to each other, learning about the future plans of the group and how they were determined, and learning about the billing operation.
AB0803 Celiac Disease and Positive IGA Tissue Transglutaminase in Patients with Distal Radius or Ankle Fracture: Interim Analysis: Table 1
Authors: A.M. Hjelle, P. Mielnik, E. Apalset, G.S. Tell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with celiac disease (CD) have low mineral bone density [1]. Evidence of increased fracture risk in CD patients is conflicting. Studies are heterogeneous and difficult to compare, however overall findings indicate an increased risk of fracture [2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether patients with CD or positive IgA tissue transglutaminase (TTG) are at increased risk of distal radius or ankle fracture compared to healthy age- and sex matched controls. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients over the age of 40 with acute distal radius or ankle fracture and controls with no fracture are included in this case control study. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the hips and spine is measured, history of previous fracture, comorbidities, medication, physical activity, smoking habits, body mass index and nutritional factors are registered. Serum analysis including TTG is performed. In order to get sufficient statistical power we estimated a priori that 400 patients and 200 controls were needed. <h3>Results</h3> After including 134 patients with fracture, four (3.0%) had previously diagnosed CD, and seven (5.2%) had TTG, a combined total of 8.2%. Among 94 controls, one had CD and two positive TTG, a total of 3.2%. This difference is not statistically significant. The patients had significantly lower BMD than controls (T-score (+SD) L1-L4 -1.407±0.249, controls -0.358±0.287, and T-score of total hip -1.461±0.174, controls -0.649±0.242). Patients with fracture had a longer history of smoking (p=0.014), and a higher proportion were current smokers (p=0.046). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Interim analyses indicate that adult patients over the age of 40 with fracture of the distal radius or ankle may have å greater risk of CD or positive TTG. Although the proportion of CD or positive TTG were more than twice that in controls, the differences were not statistically significant. We are continuing accruing patients, and updated analyses will be presented. <h3>References</h3> Bianchi, M.L. and M.T. Bardella, Bone in celiac disease. Osteoporos Int, 2008. 19(12): p. 1705-16. Olmos, M., et al., Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies on the prevalence of fractures in coeliac disease. Dig Liver Dis, 2008. 40(1): p. 46-53. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1238
Abstract 4036: The microRNA profile of prostate carcinoma obtained by deep sequencing reveals potential miRNA targets such as myosin VI
Authors: Jaroslaw Szczyrba, Elke Löprich, Sven Wach, Volker Jung, Gerhard Unteregger, Stephanie Barth, Rainer Grobholz, Wolf Wieland, Robert Stöhr, Arndt Hartmann, Bernd Wullich, Friedrich Grässer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Prostate cancer is a leading cause of tumor mortality. In order to identify and characterize the underlying molecular mechanisms, we performed microRNA (miRNA) profiling of primary prostate cancers and non-cancer prostate tissue. Furthermore, using database analysis, we sought to identify regulatory targets of aberrantly expressed miRNAs. Material and Methods: We performed comparative miRNA expression profiling in ten prostate cancer specimens and ten non-cancer prostate tissue samples using deep sequencing of cDNA libraries. The deregulation of selected miRNAs was validated in established prostate cancer cell lines by Northern blotting as well as in 26 paired samples of prostate cancer tissue and adjacent normal tissue by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The regulative capabilities of selected miRNAs on potential target genes were analyzed in vitro using reporter gene constructs and transfection of miRNA expression vectors Results: Using deep sequencing we found that 16 miRNAs were up-regulated more than 1.5-fold and 17 miRNAs were down regulated more than 1.5-fold. The most pronounced deregulation was noted for miRNAs miR-375 and miR-200c which showed an up-regulation of more than 4.5-fold and miR-143 and miR-145 which were down regulated 4-fold each. The differential expression of these miRNAs could be confirmed by Northern blot analysis of established prostate cancer cell lines. By analyzing 26 primary prostate cancer samples by qRT-PCR we could detect a significant deregulation of the miRNAs miR-375, miR-143 and miR-145 (p&amp;lt;0.05, paired students T-test). Independent target prediction databases (TargetScan, PicTar) indicate, that the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of the Myosin VI gene is a regulative target for both miR-143 and miR-145. This prediction could be confirmed using a luciferase reporter gene vector containing the Myosin VI 3′UTR. Furthermore, transient expression of miR-143 and miR-145 reduced the amount of Myosin VI protein by 20% and 48% respectively. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that specific miRNAs are reproducibly found to be deregulated in different cohorts of prostate cancer specimens using independent experimental methods. This is the first report to show that miRNAs miR-143 and miR-145 are capable of negatively regulating the protein expression of Myosin VI. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4036.
Abstract 947: Molecular mechanism of WBP-2 coactivation function in estrogen receptor transactivation
Authors: Laura Buffa, Zafar Nawaz
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The link between breast cancer and Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) is well established. The ERα is a ligand-inducible transcription factor that, upon binding to the hormone estrogen, regulates the expression of a variety of genes mainly involved in cell proliferation. Coactivators are proteins recruited by the hormone-activated receptor, which enhance the ERα transactivation functions acting as chromatin remodeling enzymes or adaptors between ERα and the transcriptional machinery. Our laboratory has previously identified WBP-2 (WW-domain binding protein 2) as bona fide coactivator of ERα. However, the molecular mechanism underlying WBP-2 coactivation function is not clear yet. In this study we investigate the mechanism by which WBP-2 acts as a coactivators of ERα. Our data show that knockdown of WBP-2 protein is associated with reduced expression of the ERα target gene pS2. Conversely, over-expression of the same protein results in increased pS2 expression. In order to clarify the mechanism governing these outcomes, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays under WBP-2 knockdown conditions. We demonstrate here that WBP-2 binds to the pS2 promoter, and its knockdown is associated with decreased recruitment of the phosphorylated form of RNA PolII (associated with active transcription). Under similar conditions, the histone acetyl transferase p300 also exhibits reduced recruitment to the same promoter. Accordingly, decreased recruitment of p300 correlates with decreased histone acetylation. Collectively, our data indicate that WBP-2 enhances ERα transactivation function by facilitating the recruitment of a histone modifier enzyme that favors a relaxed chromatin structure permissive of transcription. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 947. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-947
S21 Type-2 Innate lymphoid cells induce CD4 T helper cell type-2 immune functions
Authors: AS Mirchandani, AG Besnard, E Yip, C Scott, C Bain, RJ Salmond, FY Liew
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Type-2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are a novel subset of immune cells characterised by their responsiveness to interleukin (IL)-33 and their production of type-2 cytokines (including IL-5, IL-9, IL-13). ILC2 have a variety of roles in lung inflammation and repair. Their interaction with innate immune cells has been shown, however their influence on the adaptive immune system remains unknown. Given the important roles of CD4 T helper (Th) cells in the lung and in conditions such as asthma, it is vital to determine whether ILC2 can influence their functions. <h3>Aim</h3> To determine the interactions of lung-derived ILC2 cells on naïve Th functions. <h3>Method</h3> BALB/c mice were treated with IL-33 intranasally for 5 days and ILC2 cells were sorted using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Naïve Th cells were sorted by FACS from ST2 knockout mice (lacking the IL-33 receptor). Cells were co-cultured in the presence of anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibody for 72 hours. Intracellular cytokines were determined by FACS following phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and ionomycin stimulation. Th cells were differentiated from ILC2 by their expression of CD4 and lack of ST2. <h3>Results</h3> Naïve Th cells expression of type-2 cytokines increases significantly when cultured with ILC2 cells (Fig.1). Th cell IL-4 expression increases 3-fold in co-culture, whilst IL-5 and IL-13 expression are enhanced 30- and nearly 20-fold, respectively. This effect is completely abrogated when cells are separated with a semi-porous membrane. Furthermore, ILC2 are able to enhance T cell responses <i><i>in vivo</i></i> in the lungs of BALB/c mice. <h3>Discussion</h3> These data demonstrate that ILC2 are able to drive a Th2-phenotype in naïve Th cells directly. Furthermore, this effect is contact-dependent. These data demonstrate for the first time that ILC2 are capable of driving type-2 immune responses by influencing Th cell responses and hence provide an important link between lung innate and adaptive immune responses and a possible novel mechanism for their role in asthma.