tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0718 Ultrasonographic assessment of subclinical median and ulnar nerve involvement in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: C. Atan Uzun, Z. Gunendi, F. Gogus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The prevalence of subclinical neuropathy in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is 65-85% (1). It has been shown that RA patients may have electrophysiological or histological abnormalities even in the absence of clinical symptoms or signs of peripheral nerve involvement (2). <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether median cross-sectional area (m-CSA) and ulnar CSA (u-CSA) at wrist level differ between RA patients without signs and symptoms of median and ulnar neuropathy and healthy controls <h3>Methods</h3> The study is approved by local ethics committee of Gazi University. To achieve a difference of 2.8 mm<sup>2</sup> in m-CSA measures between RA patients and controls with an alpha error of 0.05 and 80% power, we planned to enroll 38 subjects in each group (3). Thirty-eight RA patients without signs and symptoms of median and ulnar neuropathy and 38 healthy controls were enrolled into study. All patients and controls were included in ultrasonographic assessment (General Electric Logiq P5, 8-12 MHz high frequency transducer). M-CSA and u-CSA were measured at the proximal inlet of the carpal tunnel using the pisiform bone as landmark. Comparison of numerical data between groups were analysed using independent-samples t test. The areas of the dominant side were used for correlation analysis by using Pearson correlation test. <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference in m-CSA and u-CSA measures between RA patients and controls (Table 1). There was no significant correlation between CSA measures of dominant hand and patient characteristics (age, height, weight, disease duration). In %24 of RA patients and %14 of controls m-CSA was above 10 mm<sup>2</sup>. The differenece was not statistically significant (p=0.20). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found similar ultrasonographic m-CSA and u-CSA values in RA patients and healthy controls. Nonetheless, these results can not exclude subclinical neurological involvement in RA patients without signs and symptoms of median and ulnar neuropathy. <h3>References</h3> Ramos-Remus C, Duran-Barragan S, Castillo-Ortiz JD. Beyond the joints: neurological involvement in rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol. 2012 Jan;31(1):1-12 Lanzillo B, Pappone N, Crisci C, di Girolamo C, Massini R, Caruso G. Subclinical peripheral nerve involvement in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1998 Jul;41(7):1196-202 Sarría L, Cabada T, Cozcolluela R, Martínez-Berganza T, García S. Carpal tunnel syndrome: usefulness of sonography. Eur Radiol. 2000;10(12):1920-5 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 5149: Translating biospecimen science research results to improved biospecimen practices.
Authors: Helen M. Moore, Kelly Engel, Sarah Greytak, B. Paige Bass, Jim Vaught
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cancer tissues and blood are collected, processed and stored in different ways, across the country and across the world. Biospecimen Science is the study of how different methods of biospecimen collection, processing, and storage affect downstream analysis. The NCI Biospecimen Research Network (BRN) program sponsors, conducts, and collaborates on Biospecimen Science research to better understand how biospecimen pre-analytical factors influence the molecular integrity of biospecimens, and in turn, how such variation affects the reproducibility of research results. New data on how pre-analytical variation affects molecular integrity will support best practice Standard Operating Procedures for research and clinical trials biospecimens. This presentation will focus on results from the first phase of the BRN program and current efforts to translate research results to evidence-based biospecimen practices. A summary of research results will be presented from several research studies which have performed systematic perturbations of blood and tissue collection and processing procedures, with subsequent molecular analysis. We will also present an overview of the Biospecimen Research Database (BRD; https://brd.nci.nih.gov), developed to improve access to the literature in Biospecimen Science. The BRD is a free and publicly accessible web-based database that currently contains over 1500 review and research articles covering a broad range of topics spanning the biospecimen lifecycle. Articles are meticulously categorized and annotated by a team of Ph.D. level scientists according to the type of biospecimen and technology platform used, the experimental variables investigated, and many other parameters. Progress will be described on a new approach to perform meta-analyses of the literature evidence related to different tissue preservation methodologies, such as freezing and temperature storage methods and formalin fixation and paraffin embedding. In addition, we will describe current progress on the development of evidence-based biospecimen practices based on BRN research results, literature evidence, and expert input. Citation Format: Helen M. Moore, Kelly Engel, Sarah Greytak, B. Paige Bass, Jim Vaught. Translating biospecimen science research results to improved biospecimen practices. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5149. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5149
Abstract LB-253: TRAPing telomerase activity using droplet digital PCR.
Authors: Dawne Shelton, Jack Regan, George Karlin-Neumann, Jue Lin, Elizabeth Blackburn
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The aim of this work was to develop a more sensitive and high throughput assay for measuring telomerase activity. Telomeres are the protective structures at the ends of chromosomes consisting of 6 bp repeat sequences. In young cells, these regions can be as long as 15kb and act as caps which protect the DNA ends. These ends naturally degrade with each passing cell division, usually losing 25-200 base pairs per division. Once they are shortened below a critical length (estimated to be 200-300 bp) the cells arrest and become senescent, or “old”. Telomeres can be thought of as a cellular or mitotic clock. Once the clock has wound down, the cells either die or pass through crisis and become immortal. One of the mechanisms of immortality is the activation of the enzyme, telomerase. Telomerase is the endogenous reverse transcriptase responsible for adding repeats to telomeres, rewinding the clock and enabling a cell to continuously divide. Abundant telomerase activity is found in fetal and adult stem cells, germ cells, and cancer. It is also present at much lower levels in non-stem cells, such as immune cells, but these levels can be difficult to measure reliably. The telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) measures the presence of active telomerase by measuring the activity of the enzyme on a starting DNA template, which is then amplified by PCR. For samples with abundant telomerase activity, SYBR qPCR assays provide high throughput. However, the current most sensitive method of detection still uses radioactivity, laborious PAGE sequencing gels, and densitometry to quantify telomerase. Here we explore using droplet digital™ PCR (ddPCR™) to provide absolute quantification of telomerase activity. This was achieved through single-molecule counting of telomerase-extended templates that were partitioned into droplets, amplified by PCR and detected by fluorescence droplet flow cytometry. Analysis of control samples suggests ddPCR is at least an order of magnitude more sensitive than TRAP radiography and is more amenable to higher throughput analysis. We extend throughput, sensitivity, and the range of biological samples that can be analyzed for telomerase activity. Citation Format: Dawne Shelton, Jack Regan, George Karlin-Neumann, Jue Lin, Elizabeth Blackburn. TRAPing telomerase activity using droplet digital PCR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-253. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-253
INFLUENCIA DE LA EXPERIENCIA EN EL RENDIENTO DIAGNÓSTICO DE LA USE-PAAF CON Y SIN PRESENCIA DE PATÓLOGO EN LA SALA
Authors: N Quesada, JR Aparicio, B Martínez, J Martínez, F Ruiz, L Compañy, A Cabezas, JA Casellas
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: Uno de los factores que se han mostrado eficaz a la hora de mejorar el rendimiento diagnóstico de la USE-PAAF es la presencia de un patólogo en la sala. Se desconoce si este beneficio se mantiene una vez que se ha adquirido experiencia con la técnica.
FRI0386 Efficacy and Safety of Off-Label Use of Rituximab in Refractory Lupus: Data from the Italian Multicenter Registry: Table 1.
Authors: L. Iaccarino, S. De Vita, G. Ferraccioli, M. Galeazzi, R. Gerli, M. Govoni, G. Moroni, M. Mosca, D. Roccatello, A. Tincani, G. Valesini, A. Doria
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Despite the failure of two randomized controlled trials a number of open-label studies and registries suggested the efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this observational study is to evaluate efficacy and safety of RTX in patients with SLE, refractory to standard therapy in the context of a daily clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> From May 2003 until August 2012, 145 SLE patients, 130 female and 15 male, were treated with RTX in 11 Italian Centers. All patients (ACR criteria), were treated with RTX: 118 cases (81.4%) with two infusions (1 g), two weeks apart; 27 cases (18.6%) with 4 infusion (375 mg/m<sup>2</sup>), one week apart. Age and disease duration were 37.3±12.4 years and 9.0±7.3 years, respectively. Overall complete response (CR) was defined as European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM) score ≤1 and partial response (PR) as ECLAM &gt;1 and ≤3. Renal response was defined according to European League of Rheumatism recommendations for management of lupus nephritis. For non-renal involvement response criteria (PR or CR) were based on physician judgment. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson9s chi-square test and paired or unpaired Student9s t tests, when appropriate. All data are expressed as mean ± Standard Deviation. <h3>Results</h3> Data of 134 (92.4%) patients were available. Refractory manifestation and clinical response to RTX are summarized in the Table. The follow-up was 19.5±17.5 months. ECLAM and 24 hours proteinuria decreased (baseline- 12 month follow-up) from 4.1±1.7 to 1.8±1.7 (p&lt;0.0001) and from 4.1±2.9 to 1.1±1.9 g/day (p=0.019), respectively. Disease flare occurred 16.9±18.8 months after last RTX infusion (range 6-84) in 35.1% of patients, all of them underwent to a second cycle of RTX. After retreatment CR and PR were observed in 57.8% and 26.6% of patients, respectively. Renal flare occurred in 31.2% of patients with previous renal involvement, 19.6±21.7 months after the first RTX cycle (range 6-73). After retreatment renal CR and PR were observed in 60% and 30% of cases, respectively. Adverse events, infections, and infusion reactions occurred after first RTX course in 23.8%, 16.4%, and 3.8% of patients and after retreatment in 33.3%, 22.2% and 11.1%, respectively; no severe infusion reactions and death occurred during observational period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Data from Italian RTX registry confirmed the efficacy and safety profile of RTX in daily clinical practice in patients with SLE refractory to the standard treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2507
Skull Meningioma Demonstrated With Tc-99m Tetrofosmin SPECT
Authors: Chia-Hung Kao, Yeh-You Shen, Jong-Kang Lee, Shyh-Jen Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 47-year-old woman had a protruding mass in the left parietal region of the skull. The mass was clearly demonstrated by Tc-99m tetrofosmin skull SPECT. Craniotomy was performed and the pathologic examination revealed it to be an intraosseous meningioma.
Evidence Emerges: Colorectal Screening Reduces Deaths
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Evidence Emerges: Colorectal Screening Reduces Deaths Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 10, 19 May 1993, Pages 770–772, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.10.770 Published: 19 May 1993
Abstract 1803: Transcriptional regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) by E2F family transcription factors in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Courtney M. Schaal, Smitha Pillai, Jackie L. Johnson, Srikumar Chellappan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Nicotine, the addictive component of cigarette smoke, has been shown to promote cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in multiple cancer types. Earlier studies from our lab had shown that nicotine can promote the growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in mouse models. While a broad range of nAChRs have been found to be expressed on NSCLC cell lines, nicotine-mediated proliferation, invasion, and migration are facilitated predominantly through the α7 subunit. Consistent with this, α7 nAChR levels are elevated in NSCLC in mice that were administered nicotine. Stimulation of α7 nAChR with nicotine has been reported to activate Src, resulting in inactivation of the retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor protein and enhancing E2F-mediated transcription. The Rb-E2F transcriptional regulation pathway is known to induce genes involved in cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis implicating it in tumor survival and progression. Given this background, attempts were made to elucidate whether nAChR genes are regulated by the Rb-E2F pathway. Analysis of a 2000bp promoter region of the human α7 gene revealed the presence of multiple E2F binding sites. Transient transfection experiments showed α7 to be responsive to multiple E2Fs. E2F1 was found to associate with the α7 promoter via chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Depletion of E2F genes via small interfering RNA demonstrated a differential regulation of α7 by E2F family members 1-5. These results raise the possibility that exposure to nicotine stimulates the α7 signaling cascade resulting in elevated E2F1-mediated activation of various proliferative promoters, including that of α7 itself in a positive feedback mechanism. In addition to the α7 nAChR, recent genome wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a susceptibility locus for human lung cancer at 15q25.1 which encodes for nAChR subunits α3 and α5. Promoter analysis has revealed that both α3 and α5 have multiple potential E2F binding sites, as well. Preliminary knock down of E2F family members via small interfering RNA has suggested these subunits may also be differentially regulated by the E2F family of transcription factors. Further studies are under way to elucidate the role of E2F in the regulation of nAChR α3 and α5, and how this impacts nicotine signaling as well as growth and progression of NSCLC. Citation Format: Courtney M. Schaal, Smitha Pillai, Jackie L. Johnson, Srikumar Chellappan. Transcriptional regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) by E2F family transcription factors in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1803. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1803
DIFFERENTIAL IMPACT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY ON IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES ACCORDING TO KILLIP CLASSIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: SUBSTUDY OF JAPANESE REGISTRY OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION DIAGNOSED BY UNIVERSAL DEFINITION (J-MINUET)
Authors: Shotaro Kuji, Masaharu Ishihara, Masashi Fujino, Hisao Ogawa, Koichi Nakao, Satoshi Yasuda, Teruo Noguchi, Yukio Ozaki, Satoru Suwa, Kazuteru Fujimoto, Yasuharu Nakama, Takashi Morita, Wataru Shimizu, Yoshihiko Saito, Atsushi Hirohata, Yasuhiro Morita, Teruo Inoue, Atsunori Okamura, Masaaki Uematsu, Kazuhito Hirata, Kunihiro Nishimura, Yoshihiro Miyamoto, Masami Kosuge, Kazuo Kimura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger's Disease)
Authors: J R Sims, E L Hanson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Figure 1 A 39-year-old man with a 22-year history of smoking one to two packs of cigarettes per day was referred to our hyperbaric facility because of an ulcer on the tip of the third finger of his right hand that had been present for six months (Panel A). He had a four-year history of blanching and coldness of the fingers on exposure to cold, and a previous ulcer of the tip of the left index finger had healed when he stopped smoking. The second ulcer appeared when he resumed smoking, but it did not heal when he again stopped smoking. The ulcer had not responded to treatment with prazosin, nifedipine, or topical nitroglycerin. Examination disclosed diminished pedal pulses and poor vascular collateralization of the right hand on Allen's test. An angiogram of the right hand (Panel B) demonstrated multiple chronic occlusions of the digital branches that were unresponsive to intraarterial vasodilators, supporting the diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans. After 51 hyperbaric treatments, with concurrent blockade of the right stellate ganglion twice weekly, the size of the ulcer was reduced by approximately 50 percent (Panel C). Because healing by second intention could not be achieved over the exposed necrotic bone, primary closure by skin flap was performed in conjunction with postoperative hyperbaric treatments to ensure healing (Panel D). The patient has not resumed smoking. Figure 1 A 39-year-old man with a 22-year history of smoking one to two packs of cigarettes per day was referred to our hyperbaric facility because of an ulcer on the tip of the third finger of his right hand that had been present for six months (Panel A). He had a four-year history of blanching and coldness of the fingers on exposure to cold, and a previous ulcer of the tip of the left index finger had healed when he stopped smoking. The second ulcer appeared when he resumed smoking, but it did not heal when he again stopped smoking. The ulcer had not responded to treatment with prazosin, nifedipine, or topical nitroglycerin. Examination disclosed diminished pedal pulses and poor vascular collateralization of the right hand on Allen's test. An angiogram of the right hand (Panel B) demonstrated multiple chronic occlusions of the digital branches that were unresponsive to intraarterial vasodilators, supporting the diagnosis of thromboangiitis obliterans. After 51 hyperbaric treatments, with concurrent blockade of the right stellate ganglion twice weekly, the size of the ulcer was reduced by approximately 50 percent (Panel C). Because healing by second intention could not be achieved over the exposed necrotic bone, primary closure by skin flap was performed in conjunction with postoperative hyperbaric treatments to ensure healing (Panel D). The patient has not resumed smoking. John R. Sims, M.D.Eric L. Hanson, M.D.Naval Submarine, Medical Research Laboratory, Groton, CT 06349-5900
Abstract 1884: Serological testing along with epidemiological data establishes a trend of pylori's association with colon polyps
Authors: Hassan Brim, Edward L. Lee, Hadi Razjouan, Duane T. Smoot, Hassan Hassanzadeh, Hassan Ashktorab
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: It has become common wisdom that Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is linked to gastric cancer. However, its involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) is still under investigation. The trophic effects of induced hypergastrinemea on colon homeostasis as well as HP direct effects on the colon mucosa might play a role in CRC. Methods: We previously reported that epidemiological data in African American patients (n=1262, &amp;gt;40 years old) who underwent bidirectional gastrointestinal endoscopy show an HP association with colon polyps formation. To substantiate this linkage, we used serological testing on healthy (n=94) and colon polyp (n=95) patients for anti-HP and anti-CagA antibodies to further confirm our epidemiological findings. Microarray used to detect the Gut flora including HP using 16rDNA from stool (n=12) of healthy and colon adenomas. Results: The healthy individuals had an average age of 63.7 (SD=9.80) while the polyp patients had an average age of 62.8 (SD=9.7). The gender distribution was 42/52 and 41/54 in the two groups for males and females, respectively. As such, the two groups were age and sex matched. In the polyp patients, 55.6% was HP-positive while there was only 48.8% positive in the control group (p=0.30 for this difference). Cag A positive samples were 73.3% in polyp patients and 67.5% in healthy individuals (p = 0.5). Gut flora analysis using a 16S rDNA microarray from stool (n=12) samples revealed the presence of HP signals in healthy and colon adenomas analyzed samples. Conclusion: HP seems to be associated with an increased risk of colon adenoma. However, whether HP is a colon inhabitant and participant in colon carcinogenesis or just a gastric wash-out is under investigation in normal and tumor colon biopsies’ gut flora studies. Large sample size is needed to confirm the above observed trend of a possible association of HP with CRC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1884. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1884