tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Injection of Various Substances upon the in vivo Electrical Resistance of Rats
Authors: Herbert Kahler, George Buchanan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1948)

Journal Article Effect of the Injection of Various Substances upon the in vivo Electrical Resistance of Rats Get access Herbert Kahler, Herbert Kahler senior biophysicist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George Buchanan George Buchanan technical assistance National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 8, Issue 4, February 1948, Pages 163–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/8.4.163 Published: 01 February 1948 Article history Received: 28 May 1947 Published: 01 February 1948
376PD The multicenter, prospective observational study of the 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and dexamethasone as prophylaxis of chemotherapy- induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in moderately emetic chemotherapy (MEC) for solid tumors
Authors: T. Hayashi, R. Matsui, T. Seto, K. Suzuki, T. Takiguchi, M. Nishio, T. Koike, Y. Kogure, N. Nogami, K. Fujiwara, H. Kaneda, T. Harada, S. Shimizu, M. Kimura, H. Kenmotsu, M. Shimokawa, K. Goto
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
AB1091 Power Doppler Ultrasonographic Assessment of Foot and Ankle Synovitis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: T. Kashiwagura, Y. Kimura, I. Wakabayashi, Y. Ono, S. Miyamoto, K. Nozaka, N. Miyakoshi, Y. Shimada
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can cause various types of foot and ankle deformities. However, the foot and ankle are not always taken into account in indices of RA severity such as the Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28). Although joint ultrasonography is frequently used for the evaluation of disease activity in RA, few studies have used it for the joints of the foot and ankle. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to assess the prevalence of foot and ankle synovitis in RA patients using joint ultrasonography. <h3>Methods</h3> Sixty patients (18 men and 42 women) with 82 arthritic feet and a mean age of 65 years (range 27 to 88) took part in the study. Thirty-seven were Steinbrocker class I, 14 were class II, and 9 were class III. Fifteen were in disease stage I, 18 in stage II, 7 in stage III, and 20 in stage IV. Power Doppler ultrasonography was performed by a single examiner. The scanned area included the distal part of the lateral malleolus (peroneal tendon), the subtalar joint (sinus tarsi, tibiocalcaneal part of the medial ligament of the ankle joint), the anterior ankle, the calcaneocuboid joint, the talonavicular and cuneonavicular joints, the posterior tibial tendon, and the first through fifth metatarsophalangeal joints. Synovitis was defined as the presence of a blood flow signal on ultrasonography. <h3>Results</h3> Synovitis of the foot or ankle was detected in 49 of 82 feet (59.8%). It was observed in 78.3% of the patients with moderate to high disease activity scores on the DAS28 as assessed based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as well as 44.7% of those with low disease activity. Even among patients without foot complaints, synovitis was present in 22 of 49 feet (44.9%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to some recent reports, the number of foot surgeries performed for RA has been increasing in spite of advances in pharmacotherapy. This study found a high prevalence of synovitis of the foot or ankle in RA patients irrespective of the presence or absence of symptoms or the degree of disease activity, although some cases may have been related to other diseases, as the scanned area included the peroneal and posterior tibial tendons. We propose that RA patients with persistent synovitis may be candidates for further treatment, and clinicians should consider additional pharmacotherapy to prevent joint destruction. For selected patients with foot and ankle synovitis, excision of the synovial membranes of small joints may be beneficial. Regarding the technical aspects of ultrasonography, it was difficult to differentiate joint synovitis from tendon sheath synovitis in the subtalar joint; the reason for this requires further investigation. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The authors thank Miss Sasaki, for her assistance with this project. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0527 Kawasaki Disease- an Experience from Eastern India
Authors: P.P. Giri, P. Pal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute febrile childhood vasculitis can present with varying clinical features and the main complication is involvement of coronary arteries (1). The epidemiological pattern may be different in different geographical regions, even it can vary within a country. KD is not unusual in India but published series are infrequent (2). Here we present a series of 145 cases of KD diagnosed in our hospital in last 6 years to have a look in to the varied clinical manifestations, epidemiology, atypical features and complications. <h3>Objectives</h3> 1. To analyse the record of Kawasaki disease diagnosed in the study period. 2. Compare the epidemiology and clinical features of KD in our part of the country with that of the published series from northern India. 3. To note the atypical features and estimate the incidence of coronary involvement. <h3>Methods</h3> Clinical records of 145 children fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of Kawasaki Disease and admitted at the Institute of Child Health, Kolkata during the time period October 2008 to December 2014 were reviewed. The data collected included details of clinical and laboratory features, treatment and outcome. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 145 patients were diagnosed as KD (5 per 1000 hospital admission). Among these 145 patients,136 presented with typical features of KD, rest 9 were atypical including KD with erythroderma, KD with bilateral ptosis, neonatal KD, KD with nephrotic syndrome etc. Average age of presentation was 25 months. Most patients presented with fever of an average duration of 9 days. Besides the typical features, we want to stress upon some special features of KD, like orange-brown chromonychia (orange brown discolouration of nails) in 65% of cases, BCG scar reactivation in 15%, extreme irritability in 88% and greenish loose stools in about 64%. Echocardiographic abnormalities (ectasia or aneurysm) were detected in 31% of cases. All patients received Intravenous Immunoglobulin of which 6 did not respond to a single dose of 2gram/kg. <h3>Conclusions</h3> 1. A bimodal seasonality has been seen with clustering of cases during March- April and September-October. 2. Mean age of onset (23 months) is lower than the north India series. 3. Most (94%) presented with typical form with a response rate of 96% with first dose ivIg. 4. Orange brown Chromonychia is a novel finding that has been seen in a significant number of patients. 5. Coronary abnormalities is on the higher side than the reported series from north India as well as other parts of the world. <h3>References</h3> Kawasaki T. General review and problems in Kawasaki disease. Jpn Heart J 1995; 36: 1-12. Singh S, Bansal A, Gupta A, Manojkumar R, Mittal BR. Kawasaki Disease – a decade of experience from North India. Int Heart J 2005; 46: 679-689. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Dr. Apurba Ghosh, professor &amp; Director,Institute OfChild Health,Kolkata. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTU-319 A prospective audit of alcohol screening in an acute medical admissions unit – are we meeting national targets?
Authors: N Sahi, P Chopra, J Cooper, C Morales
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Alcohol misuse can cause significant harm to an individual’s physical and psychosocial wellbeing costing the NHS £3.5 billion/year.<sup>1</sup>Both NICE<sup>2</sup>and NCEPOD<sup>3</sup>recommend alcohol screening and appropriate referral to alcohol support services for all hospital patients. <h3>Method</h3> 100 unselected adult medical admission proformas were prospectively analysed against NICE/NCEPOD guidance. The presence and quality of alcohol screening was compared against the AUDIT-C screening tool. Documentation on advice given and referral to alcohol support services was also recorded. <h3>Results</h3> Of 100 admissions, 6 were directly alcohol related (4 in patients with known alcohol misuse). Overall 51% were not appropriately screened for alcohol misuse: 33% had no documented alcohol history and 18% categorised as “vague”. Only 3% of patients reported drinking above the recommended weekly amount. AUDIT-C screening (see Table 1below) on the same cohort identified 16% of patients with potentially harmful drinking (score 5+), none of whom were referred to alcohol services. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Alcohol screening in acute medical admissions is often vague or incomplete. Potentially at risk patients are not appropriately identified and referral to alcohol services needs improvement. Abbreviated screening tools such as AUDIT-C should be used to improve the sensitivity of alcohol screening and dedicated local alcohol care pathways are needed to reduce the burden of alcohol related admissions. As a result of this audit, an alcohol awareness day was held in January 2015 to educate both patients and staff on weekly recommended intake and effective alcohol screening. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Lifestyle Statistics, Health and Social Care Information Centre (2014) Statistics on Alcohol: England NICE (2010) Alcohol use disorders: preventing the development of hazardous and harmful drinking. NICE clinical guideline NCEPOD (2013) Alcohol Related Liver Disease: Measuring the Units
PWE-269 A nurse-led colorectal clinic allows streamlining of patient pathways and discharge without consultant input
Authors: A Lord, P Thomas, J Winter, N Beck
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High numbers of referrals with suspected colorectal cancer have significant resourcing implications. Assessment of all patients in a consultant-led clinic may not be optimising resources. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of nurse led clinic in terms of waiting times, cancer detection rates, missed/delayed diagnoses, and whether benign disease could be managed independently. <h3>Method</h3> A database of consecutive patients referred to our fast track nurse led clinic was prospectively maintained. Records of patients referred between September 2012 and January 2014 were obtained and examined retrospectively. Patients were excluded from the clinic if they were aged over 85 or had a palpable mass. Iron deficiency anaemia was also dealt with in a separate clinic so was excluded. A clear algorithm for the management of benign disease was established specifying which patients could be directly discharged, referred to gastroenterology or discharged onto a polyp surveillance programme. <h3>Results</h3> 772 patients were included, 46.4% of whom were male. The average age was 67 (range 22–91). Median time from receipt of referral to clinic appointment was 8 days (range 0–36 days). 42 patients (5.4%) waited over 14 days. 675 patients (87%) underwent a colonoscopy, 52 CT colonography, 42 flexible sigmoidoscopy, 33 gastroscopy, and 28 CT. Several patients underwent a combination of investigations. During the study period, 57 cancers were identified (7.4% of referrals). 46 of these were colorectal and 11 were tumours at other sites detected on cross sectional imaging. 168 patients had polyps, 73 had inflammatory bowel disease, 112 had other benign pathology (e.g. haemorrhoids, diverticulosis) and 307 had normal investigations. 507 patients were discharged directly after normal investigation or benign diagnosis. 72 were discharged onto a polyp surveillance programme, 66 patients were referred to gastroenterology with suspected inflammatory bowel disease, 74 patients went on to see a colorectal consultant (47 of whom had cancer) and 18 were referred directly on to another speciality. There was one delayed cancer diagnosis noted. A patient referred to gastroenterology with possible bile salt malabsorption was later sent for a CT which showed a carcinoid tumour of the small bowel. During the study period no other missed cancers or delayed diagnoses were noted. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A nurse led clinic for a selected cohort of patients is feasible with similar cancer detection rates as a consultant led clinic. Most patients were seen within 2 weeks. There was only one delayed diagnosis. Most patients with benign pathology could be discharged or referred on without consultant input. Consultant time can be optimised by only seeing patients once cancer is confirmed or where more complex management decisions are needed. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
A food-borne outbreak of cryptosporidiosis among guests and staff at a hotel restaurant in Stockholm county, Sweden, September 2008
Authors: M Insulander, B de Jong, B Svenungsson
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

In September 2008, 21 cases of cryptosporidiosis occurred among guests and staff at a wedding reception in a hotel restaurant in Stockholm county, Sweden. The most probable source of the outbreak was bearnaise sauce containing chopped fresh parsley.
PWE-328 Accuracy of pre-operative mri assessment of tumour staging in rectal cancer
Authors: HG Jones, J Williamson, T Wells, P Chowdhury, J Beynon, D Harris
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is routinely used for pre-operative rectal cancer (RC) staging. Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that MRI has good sensitivity and specificity when assessing the T stage and the circumferential resection margin (CRM), but was consistently poor for detection of lymph node metastases.<sup>1,2</sup>The current study aims to compare the pre-operative staging on the MRI scan with the post-operative pathological stage in patients patients not undergoing neoadjuvant therapy in a single tertiary colorectal centre. <h3>Method</h3> 20 blinded MRI scans of the pelvis in patients with RC were given to two consultant gastrointestinal radiologists and their interpretation was compared to each other, the original MRI report, and to the final pathological report. These scans were reported by the use of a standardised proforma. A Cohen–s kappa coefficient analysis was performed on 145 historic RC cases to test the correlation between T and N stage on pre-operative MRI scans compared to the definitive histopathological result. <h3>Results</h3> There was inter-reporter agreement on T and N stage in 11/20 (55%) and 10/20 (50%) of scans respectively. Agreement on EMVI and CRM positivity was 60% and 75% respectively. When these results were compared to the pathology results, at least one radiologist had the correct T and N stage in 60% and 75% of cases using the proforma, compared to 35% for T and N stage on the original MRI report. When 145 MRI reports were retrospectively reviewed (all reported without a proforma), the kappa statistic (κ) of 0.131 indicated a poor strength of agreement between the MRI stage and the pathological stage. Similarly T stage was predicted correctly in only 42.4% (76/145) of cases, and a kappa statistic (κ) of 0.135. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There is a growing consensus is the medical literature that we should not be relying on MRI scans to accurately stage RC. The discrepancy between MRI staging and histology may be explained by variable quality of the scans between different machines and institutions, and standardising the scanning protocols may improve accuracy. The findings fit with the growing consensus in the medical literature that we should not be relying on MRI scans to accurately stage RC. Dual consultant reporting of pelvic MRI scans, as well as the utilisation of the reporting proforma is a potential way of increasing the accuracy of this staging tool. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Kwok H, Bissett IP, Hill GL. Preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2000;15 Shandra B, <i>et al</i>. Rectal cancer: local staging and assessment of lymph node involvement with endoluminal US, CT, and MR imaging—a meta-analysis 1. Radiology 2004;232
Reply to Eugenio Ventimiglia, Montorsi Francesco, and Andrea Salonia's Letter to the Editor re: Reecha Sharma, Avi Harlev, Ashok Agarwal, Sandro C. Esteves. Cigarette Smoking and Semen Quality: A New Meta-analysis Examining the Effect of the 2010 World Health Organization Laboratory Methods for the Examination of Human Semen. Eur Urol 2016;70:635–45
Authors: Sandro C. Esteves, Ashok Agarwal, Reecha Sharma, Avi Harlev
Journal: European Urology (2016)
PTU-150 Non-invasive ventilation during percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy insertion in motor neurone disease patients – a safe and effective multi-disciplinary approach
Authors: S Chandrapalan, A Rajhan, N Gautam, S Whitfield, L Timmins, A Ramakrishnan, F Leslie
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Motor Neurone Disease is a fatal progressive neurodegenerative disorder of unknown aetiology. About 25 to 30% of all patients have bulbar symptoms as the presenting complaint. As dysphagia worsens, referral for Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) feeding is increasingly common as an alternative or supplementary route for nutrition and hydration. There are concerns however regarding respiratory complications in this high risk group. The aim of this study was evaluate safety and efficacy of PEG placement using NIV cover in MND patients. <h3>Method</h3> We undertook a prospective study of MND patients who had PEG placement with NIV cover from January 2012 to April 2014. Our multi-disciplinary team comprised specialist nurses, respiratory consultants, gastroenterologists, neurologist, nutrition team, dietician and MND coordinator. All patients had initial respiratory assessment and were admitted to the ward a day prior to the procedure. NIV support was given using a nasal mask if needed. Patients stayed in overnight to facilitate instructions and care. <h3>Results</h3> 75 patients with motor neurone disease who had PEG inserted were included in the study. Median age at the time of PEG insertion was 67 years (range 38–88). Male to female ratio was 37:38. Mean FVC was 58% (range 22–89) and mean SNIP was -28 cm H<sub>2</sub>O (range 12–83). 47 of these 75 patients were ventilated only for the procedure, 3 only following the procedure. 11 patients were already on 24 h ventilation, 9 were on overnight ventilation, 2 were on &gt;14 h ventilation and data was not available on 3 patients. Mean Charlson Co-morbidity index was 0.6. All PEG insertions were successful and none of the patients needed a RIG insertion. There was one patient who had bleeding post procedure which was conservatively managed. Another patient had a small bowel injury which needed a mini-laparotomy. This patient had an uneventful recovery. Hypoxia was a common occurrence but was corrected promptly with NIV. Intravenous sedation was appropriately titrated to avoid respiratory depression and to provide adequate sedation. Survival at 1 month was 97.3%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PEG placement in high risk MND patients can be particularly challenging. It needs a multi-disciplinary approach. Our study has shown that high risk MND patients can have PEGs inserted safely with intensive support and monitoring. We do recognise however that there is a need for prospective studies in this field as well as need for studies comparing safety data between routine PEG insertion and PEG insertion with NIV support. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Quantitative Studies on Rous Sarcoma Virus. I. The Titration of Rous Sarcoma Virus on the Chorio-allantoic Membrane of the Chick Embryo
Authors: Alfred M. Prince, M. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Quantitative Studies on Rous Sarcoma Virus. I. The Titration of Rous Sarcoma Virus on the Chorio-allantoic Membrane of the Chick Embryo Alfred M. Prince, M. D. Alfred M. Prince, M. D. Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 1958, Pages 147–159, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.1.147 Published: 01 January 1958 Article history Received: 26 July 1957 Published: 01 January 1958
Nivolumab alone and nivolumab plus ipilimumab in recurrent small-cell lung cancer (CheckMate 032): a multicentre, open-label, phase 1/2 trial
Authors: Scott J Antonia, José A López-Martin, Johanna Bendell, Patrick A Ott, Matthew Taylor, Joseph Paul Eder, Dirk Jäger, M Catherine Pietanza, Dung T Le, Filippo de Braud, Michael A Morse, Paolo A Ascierto, Leora Horn, Asim Amin, Rathi N Pillai, Jeffry Evans, Ian Chau, Petri Bono, Akin Atmaca, Padmanee Sharma, Christopher T Harbison, Chen-Sheng Lin, Olaf Christensen, Emiliano Calvo
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2016)
Predictors of Outcome in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Switched from Ranibizumab to 8-Weekly Aflibercept
Authors: Irini Chatziralli, Luke Nicholson, Eleni Vrizidou, Chysoula Koutsiouki, Deepthy Menon, Theodoros N. Sergentanis, Maria Cristina Citu, Robin Hamilton, Praveen J. Patel, Phil Hykin, Sobha Sivaprasad
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
AB0395 Depression as a Risk Factor for Joints Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: T.A. Lisitsyna, D. Veltishchev, A. Gerasimov, O. Seravina, O. Kovalevskaya, A. Zeltyn, D. Novikova, A. Novikov, E. Alexandrova, A. Smirnov, V. Krasnov, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic depression is the most frequent psychiatric disorder in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. It9s considered that both depressive disorders and RA are stress-related and have a common proinflammatory pathogenesis. Moreover, depression decreases adherence to treatment and worsen the RA prognosis. That is why untreated depression may deteriorate the joints destruction in RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the factors associated with joints destruction in RA patients by linear regression analysis and the influence of chronic depression on joints destruction. <h3>Methods</h3> 125 RA patients were enrolled in this study. 86% were women with a mean age of 47.4±11.3 (M±m). The disease activity was assessed by DAS28 score. 52% of RA patients had a high activity of disease (DAS28&gt;5,1). 67% of patients were taking prednisone in mean dose 5±2.7 mg/day (M±m). 80% were taking DMARDs: most of them - methotrexate (45%) and leflunomide (21%). All patients were taking NSADs. Psychiatric disorders was diagnosed by psychiatrist in accordance with the ICD-10 criteria in semi-structured interview. Psychiatric scales were used: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Anxiety-depressive disorders were diagnosed in 93,6% of RA patients. Chronic depression - dysthymia and recurrent depressive disorder prevailed (32,8% and 25,6% accordingly). All patients were consulted by cardiologist. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used for osteoporosis detection. <h3>Results</h3> Most of RA patients (65,6%) had severe joints destruction - numerous bones erosions (III-IV X-ray stage of RA) or aseptic bones necrosis. The factors associated with severe joints destruction were found in Pearson correlation analysis. Then linear regression analysis was done and obtaining prognostic model showed that joints destruction was associated with RA (β=0,520) duration, chronic depression (dysthymia and recurrent depressive disorder) (β=0,235) and it9s duration (β=-0,124), osteoporosis (β=0,196) and ischemic heart disease (β=0,181), low body mass index (β=-0,108) and high RF-IgM level (β=0,121) (area under the ROC curve =0,930). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Chronic depression and it9s duration along with RA duration, osteoporosis and ischemic heart disease, low body mass index and high rheumatoid factor level are the leading factors of joints destruction in RA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared