tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gene Risk Scores Based on Expression of 6 Genes Quanitated by Nuclease Protection Assay in Formalin Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue (FFPET) Specimens From CHOP and RCHOP Treated Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Predict Outcome: An ECOG and SWOG Study
Authors: Jane N. Winter, Fangxin Hong, Lisa M. Rimsza, Michael LeBlanc, Daina Variakojis, Maryla Krajewska, Thomas M. Habermann, Ari Melnick, James K. Weick, Frederick Pollock, Ihab Botros, John C. Reed, Richard I Fisher, Brad S. Kahl, Sandra J. Horning, Randy D. Gascoyne
Journal: Blood (2011)
Exercise Reduces Liver Lipids and Visceral Adiposity in Patients With Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: David Houghton, Christian Thoma, Kate Hallsworth, Sophie Cassidy, Timothy Hardy, Alastair D. Burt, Dina Tiniakos, Kieren G. Hollingsworth, Roy Taylor, Christopher P. Day, Stuart McPherson, Quentin M. Anstee, Michael I. Trenell
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)

Background & AimsPharmacologic treatments for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are limited. Lifestyle interventions are believed to be effective in reducing features of NASH, although the effect of regular exercise, independent of dietary change, is unclear. We performed a randomized controlled trial to study the effect of exercise on hepatic triglyceride content (HTGC) and biomarkers of fibrosis in patients with NASH.MethodsTwenty-four patients (mean age, 52 ± 14 y; body mass index, 33 ± 6 kg/m2) with sedentary lifestyles (<60 min/wk of moderate–vigorous activity) and biopsy-proven NASH were assigned randomly to groups that exercised (n = 12) or continued standard care (controls, n = 12) for 12 weeks while maintaining their weight. The exercise (cycling and resistance training) was supervised at an accredited sports center and supervised by a certified exercise specialist and recorded 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. We measured HTGC, body composition, circulating markers of inflammation, fibrosis, and glucose tolerance at baseline and at 12 weeks.ResultsCompared with baseline, exercise significantly reduced HTGC (reduction of 16% ± 24% vs an increase of 9% ± 15% for controls; P < .05), visceral fat (reduction of 22 ± 33 cm2 vs an increase of 14 ± 48 cm2 for controls; P < .05), plasma triglycerides (reduction of 0.5 ± 1.0 mmol/L vs an increase of 0.3 ± 0.4 mmol/L for controls; P < .05), and γ-glutamyltransferase (reduction of 10 ± 28 U/L–1 vs a reduction of 17 ± 38 U/L−1 for controls; P < .05). There were no effects of exercise on liver enzyme levels, metabolic parameters, circulatory markers of inflammation (levels of interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, or C-reactive protein) and fibrosis.ConclusionsIn a randomized controlled trial, 12 weeks of exercise significantly reduced HTGC, visceral fat, and plasma triglyceride levels in patients with NASH, but did not affect circulating markers of inflammation or fibrosis. Exercise without weight loss therefore affects some but not all factors associated with NASH. Clinical care teams should consider exercise as part of a management strategy of NASH, but weight management strategies should be included. Larger and longer-term studies are required to determine the effects of exercise in patients with NASH. ISRCTN registry.com: ISRCTN16070927.
Pioglitazone Use and Risk of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Sonal Singh, Marc A. Suchard
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long term cause specific mortality among 34 489 five year survivors of childhood cancer in Great Britain: population based cohort study
Authors: Miranda M Fidler, Raoul C Reulen, David L Winter, Julie Kelly, Helen C Jenkinson, Rod Skinner, Clare Frobisher, Michael M Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To determine whether modern treatments for cancer are associated with a net increased or decreased risk of death from neoplastic and non-neoplastic causes among survivors of childhood cancer. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Population based cohort study. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;Nationwide population based cohort of 34 489 five year survivors of childhood cancer with a diagnosis from 1940 to 2006 and followed up until 28 February 2014. <b>Main outcome measures</b>&nbsp;Cause specific standardised mortality ratios and absolute excess risks are reported. Multivariable Poisson regression models were utilised to evaluate the simultaneous effect of risk factors. Likelihood ratio tests were used to test for heterogeneity or trend. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;Overall, 4475 deaths were observed, which was 9.1 (95% confidence interval 8.9 to 9.4) times that expected in the general population, corresponding to 64.2 (95% confidence interval 62.1 to 66.3) excess deaths per 10 000 person years. The number of excess deaths from all causes declined among those treated more recently; those treated during 1990-2006 experienced 30% of the excess number of deaths experienced by those treated before 1970. The corresponding percentages for the decline in excess deaths from recurrence or progression and non-neoplastic causes were 30% and 60%, respectively. Among survivors aged 50-59 years, 41% and 22% of excess deaths were attributable to subsequent primary neoplasms and circulatory conditions, respectively, whereas the corresponding percentages among those aged 60 years or more were 31% and 37%. <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;The net effects of changes in cancer treatments, and surveillance and management for late effects, over the period 1940 to 2006 was to reduce the excess number of deaths from both recurrence or progression and non-neoplastic causes among those treated more recently. Among survivors aged 60 years or more, the excess number of deaths from circulatory causes exceeds the excess number of deaths from subsequent primary neoplasms. The important message for the evidence based surveillance aimed at preventing excess mortality and morbidity in survivors aged 60 years or more is that circulatory disease overtakes subsequent primary neoplasms as the leading cause of excess mortality.
Case 28-1982
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Sigmund A. Weitzman, Thomas P. Anderson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Presentation of CaseA 57-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of confusion and a hemorrhagic disorder.He was well until three years earlier, when an asymptomatic upper abdominal mass was found on routine examination; no lymphadenopathy was noted. The hematocrit was 43 per cent, the white-cell count 4800, and the platelet count 186,000. An ultrasound study of the abdomen (Fig. 1) showed a large soft-tissue mass in the left upper quadrant, which involved the root of the mesentery; numerous enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes, including paraaortic lymph nodes, were evident. An upper gastrointestinal series (Fig. 2) revealed caudad displacement . . .
Mitigation of Ventilator-induced Diaphragm Atrophy by Transvenous Phrenic Nerve Stimulation
Authors: Steven C. Reynolds, Ramasamy Meyyappan, Viral Thakkar, Bao D. Tran, Marc-André Nolette, Gautam Sadarangani, Rodrigo A. Sandoval, Laura Bruulsema, Brett Hannigan, Jason W. Li, Elizabeth Rohrs, Jason Zurba, Joaquín Andrés Hoffer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction is a significant contributor to weaning difficulty in ventilated critically ill patients. It has been hypothesized that electrically pacing the diaphragm during mechanical ventilation could reduce diaphragm dysfunction.We tested a novel, central line catheter-based, transvenous phrenic nerve pacing therapy for protecting the diaphragm in sedated and ventilated pigs.Eighteen Yorkshire pigs were studied. Six pigs were sedated and mechanically ventilated for 2.5 days with pacing on alternate breaths at intensities that reduced the ventilator pressure-time product by 20-30%. Six matched subjects were similarly sedated and ventilated but were not paced. Six pigs served as never-ventilated, never-paced control animals.Cumulative duration of pacing therapy ranged from 19.7 to 35.7 hours. Diaphragm thickness assessed by ultrasound and normalized to initial value showed a significant decline in ventilated-not paced but not in ventilated-paced subjects (0.84 [interquartile range (IQR), 0.78-0.89] vs. 1.10 [IQR, 1.02-1.24]; P = 0.001). Compared with control animals (24.6 μm2/kg; IQR, 21.6-26.0), median myofiber cross-sectional areas normalized to weight and sarcomere length were significantly smaller in the ventilated-not paced (17.9 μm2/kg; IQR, 15.3-23.7; P = 0.005) but not in the ventilated-paced group (24.9 μm2/kg; IQR, 16.6-27.3; P = 0.351). After 60 hours of mechanical ventilation all six ventilated-paced subjects tolerated 8 minutes of intense phrenic stimulation, whereas three of six ventilated-not paced subjects did not (P = 0.055). There was a nonsignificant decrease in diaphragm tetanic force production over the experiment in the ventilated-paced and ventilated-not paced groups.These results suggest that early transvenous phrenic nerve pacing may mitigate ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction.
Matched Unrelated Donor Transplantation Is Curative In Selected Patients with Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma: A Report of the Lymphoma Working Party (LWP) of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT)
Authors: Irit Avivi, Carmen Canals, Jian Jian Luan, Gerald. G. Wulf, Arnon Nagler, Agnes Buyzin, Eefke J. Petersen, Jean-Pierre Jouet, Donald Milligan, Anton Schattenberg, Dietger W Niederwieser, Kirsty Thomson, Didier Blaise, Michel Attal, Gerhard Held, Peter Dreger, Anna Sureda
Journal: Blood (2010)
O026 : CD4+ intrahepatic lymphocytes drive liver inflammation via impaired regulatory pathways in a murine model of Crohn's-like ileitis
Authors: S. Omenetti, M. Brogi, W. Goodman, C. Straka, S. Eid, A. Huang, G. Laffi, F. Cominelli, M. Pinzani, T. Pizarro
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
From restoration to regeneration: periodontal aging and opportunities for therapeutic intervention
Authors: Lan Huang, Benjamin Salmon, Xing Yin, Jill A. Helms
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2016)

Abstract With the march of time our bodies start to wear out: eyesight fades, skin loses its elasticity, teeth and bones become more brittle and injuries heal more slowly. These universal features of aging can be traced back to our stem cells. Aging has a profound effect on stem cells: DNA mutations naturally accumulate over time and our bodies have evolved highly specialized mechanisms to remove these damaged cells. Whilst obviously beneficial, this repair mechanism also reduces the pool of available stem cells and this, in turn, has a dramatic effect on tissue homeostasis and on our rate of healing. Simply put: fewer stem cells means a decline in tissue function and slower healing. Despite this seemingly intractable situation, research over the past decade now demonstrates that some of the effects of aging are reversible. Nobel prize‐winning research demonstrates that old cells can become young again, and lessons learned from these experiments‐in‐a‐dish are now being translated into human therapies. Scientists and clinicians around the world are identifying and characterizing methods to activate stem cells to reinvigorate the body's natural regenerative process. If this research in dental regenerative medicine pans out, the end result will be tissue homeostasis and healing back to the levels we appreciated when we were young.
The prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with or without hyperhidrosis (HH)
Authors: Rayeheh Bahar, Pingyu Zhou, Yudan Liu, Yuanshen Huang, Arlie Phillips, Tim K. Lee, Mingwan Su, Sen Yang, Sunil Kalia, Xuejun Zhang, Youwen Zhou
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
Rationale and efficacy of proteasome inhibitor combined with arsenic trioxide in the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: S Ganesan, A A Alex, E Chendamarai, N Balasundaram, H K Palani, S David, U Kulkarni, M Aiyaz, R Mugasimangalam, A Korula, A Abraham, A Srivastava, R A Padua, C Chomienne, B George, P Balasubramanian, V Mathews
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Full-length autonomous transposable elements are preferentially targeted by expression-dependent forms of RNA-directed DNA methylation
Authors: Kaushik Panda, Lexiang Ji, Drexel A. Neumann, Josquin Daron, Robert J. Schmitz, R. Keith Slotkin
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

Chromatin modifications such as DNA methylation are targeted to transposable elements by small RNAs in a process termed RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). In plants, canonical RdDM functions through RNA polymerase IV to reinforce pre-existing transposable element silencing. Recent investigations have identified a "non-canonical" form of RdDM dependent on RNA polymerase II expression to initiate and re-establish silencing of active transposable elements. This expression-dependent RdDM mechanism functions through RNAi degradation of transposable element mRNAs into small RNAs guided by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 6 (RDR6) protein and is therefore referred to as RDR6-RdDM.We performed whole-genome MethylC-seq in 20 mutants that distinguish RdDM mechanisms when transposable elements are either transcriptionally silent or active. We identified a new mechanism of expression-dependent RdDM, which functions through DICER-LIKE3 (DCL3) but bypasses the requirement of both RNA polymerase IV and RDR6 (termed DCL3-RdDM). We found that RNA polymerase II expression-dependent forms of RdDM function on over 20 % of transcribed transposable elements, including the majority of full-length elements with all of the domains required for autonomous transposition. Lastly, we find that RDR6-RdDM preferentially targets long transposable elements due to the specificity of primary small RNAs to cleave full-length mRNAs.Expression-dependent forms of RdDM function to critically target DNA methylation to full-length and transcriptionally active transposable elements, suggesting that these pathways are key to suppressing mobilization. This targeting specificity is initiated on the mRNA cleavage-level, yet manifested as chromatin-level silencing that in plants is epigenetically inherited from generation to generation.
Mortality From Abortion and Childbirth
Authors: Mary Jo Lanska
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This response to an earlier article on maternal mortality by LeBolt and others argues that mortality rates of women having an abortion should be separately compared to women having vaginal delivery and women having cesarean delivery, the latter being subject to higher mortality rates partly because of the ocmplications that lead to the cesarean and partly because of increased risks inherent in the abdominal route. Maternal mortality following a cesarean is approximately 100/100,000 live births, roughly 10-20 times higher than mortality following vaginal delivery. The incidence of cesarean section generally ranges from 10-20% of deliveries; assuming the national figure to be 10%, some 90% of the 22,257 live births reported by LeBolt, or 2,253, were due to cesarean deliveries. Using these figures, the maternal mortality rate for vaginal deliveries would be 1.1/100,000 live births, less than the death-to-case rate of 1.9/100,000 legal abortions reported by LeBolt. The maternal mortality rate for cesarean deliveries would then be approximately 53 times greater than that for legal abortion, but the mortality rate for legal abortion would be almost twice as high as that for vaginal deliveries. Even if the effect of artificially lowering the mortality rate for vaginal deliveries because high-risk mothers are more likely to have cesarean deliveries were eliminated by adjusting for preexisting medical conditions between the vaginal and cesarean delivery groups, the increased rate of mortality associated with childbirth would still be accounted for by cesarean deliveries.
Evaluation of factors modifying endometrial cancer risk among women with Lynch syndrome: A cohort study.
Authors: Johanna Unelma Maenpaa, Mari Aaltonen, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Synnove Staff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e17113 Background: Lynch syndrome (LS) is associated with a significant lifetime risk of endometrial cancer (EC) among mutation carrier women. Data are limited concerning the effect of the established sporadic EC risk factors among women with LS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of these risk factors on EC occurrence in LS. Methods: The study cohort included 136 LS mutation carrier women of median age of 58 years at survey (range 29-85). Fifty women had a history of EC diagnosed at a median age of 49 years. Eighty-six women had no history of EC, but prophylactic hysterectomy had been performed to 52 women at a median age of 45 years. Lifestyle-related factors, medical and reproductive history were assessed by postal questionnaires. Cox regression model was used to estimate the associations between factors such as parity, hormonal contraceptive use, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, age at menarche, diabetes (all reported cases were non-insulin dependent), hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, body mass index (BMI) and the risk of EC. Results: In univariate analysis, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were associated with an elevated risk of EC (HR 3.21, 95% CI 1.34-7.78, p = 0.009 and HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.11-3.90, p = 0.02; respectively). Diabetic LS women were more obese than non-diabetic LS women at survey (mean BMI 32 vs. 26, p = 0.002, t-test), but BMI at the age of 18, 40 or at survey did not associate with the risk of EC (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.91-1.17, p = 0.6; HR 1.04, 95% CI 0.98-1.11, p = 0.19; HR 1.02, 95% CI 0.97-1.08, p = 0.42; respectively). In multivariable analysis including age and BMI at survey, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, diabetes was associated with the risk of EC (HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.04-6.47, p = 0.04). Conclusions: Diabetes was associated with an elevated risk of developing EC in genetically predisposed LS women. Lifestyle modifications aiming at prevention of diabetes may be considered beneficial among women with LS as a strategy of reducing EC risk.
Second Hematologic Malignancies After Radioiodine Exposure In Patients With Thyroid Cancer and The Relationship With Radioiodine Dosage: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Authors: Chia-Jen Liu, Man-Hsin Hung, Chung-Jen Teng, Yu-Wen Hu, Yi-Ping Hung, Jyh-Pyng Gau, Tzeon-Jye Chiou, Cheng-Hwai Tzeng
Journal: Blood (2013)
HLA-Identical Embryos Selected after in Vitro Fertilization and Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis Combined with HLA Typing: A Promising Option for Successful Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Children with Genetic or Malignant Disorders Who Lack an HLA-Matched Related or Unrelated Donor
Authors: Eugene Goussetis, Panagiotis Tsirigotis, Ioulia Peristeri, Vassiliki Kitra, Georgia Avgerinou, George Vessalas, Anna Paisiou, Kalliopi Zisaki, Ioannis Papassotiriou, Emmanuel Kanavakis, Stelios Graphakos
Journal: Blood (2014)
Safe care can’t be guaranteed if five day strikes go ahead, NHS boss warns
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2016)

NHS England’s chief executive has warned junior doctors that further planned strikes will do patients “no good” and that trusts will be unable to guarantee safe care.

Asked about the dispute at NHS England’s Expo 2016 conference in Manchester on Wednesday 7 September, Simon Stevens said that he was studying new assessments made by hospitals of the likely effects of further planned five day strikes by junior doctors. Though the five day strike set to begin on Monday 12 September has been cancelled,1 three more are scheduled to take place: one every month till the …
Long Term Humoral Immune Reconstitution Kinetics After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) In Children
Authors: Amro Elshoury, Neena Kapoor, Ami J Shah, Bhakti Mehta, Kris M. Mahadeo, Hisham Abdel-Azim
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prevalence of Obesity in the United States
Authors: Alfred Rimm
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Pathogenesis of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Sepsis-Reply
Authors: Marcel Levi
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The observation of Logan et al supports the notion that the induction of fibrinolysis and coagulation by cytokines follows different pathways. Endotoxin as well as TNF causes t-PA release in vivo, before thrombin generation can be detected, and neutralization of TNF in endotoxemia inhibits t-PA release, but not thrombin formation. The temporal relationship between neutropenia and t-PA release that occurs in TNF-infused cancer patients was also observed in healthy volunteers who received a bolus TNF injection and may indicate a causal role of activated adhering neutrophils for t-PA release by endothelial cells. This observation merits further investigation, in particular because TNF does not cause the rapid release of t-PA from endothelial cells in vitro, even in the presence of plasma or serum, which suggests that other cells may be involved in TNF-induced activation of the fibrinolytic system in vivo.