tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Discrepancies in PET-CT for staging bone marrow in HIV positive patients with lymphoma.
Authors: Hina Khan, Michael Grant, Nina Kim, Murali Janakiram
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e23126 Background: In non-HIV related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), PET-CT is part of initial staging for FDG-avid lymphomas; Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), Diffuse Large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) and other aggressive B and T cell lymphomas specifically. With a high sensitivity of PET-CT, patients with HL and DLBCL can now be spared a staging bone marrow biopsy (BMb). The role of FDG PET-CT in HIV-positive pts with lymphomas remains unclear, and has been evaluated only in few small retrospective studies. Methods: We identified 313 HIV-positive pts with Lymphoma, between 1995 and 2014 at our center. All pts were ≥ 18 years of age. Pts were defined as Group 1 if PET-CT and BMb reports correlated for BM involvement; Group 2 if PET-CT and BMb results did not correlate. BM involvement by PET-CT was defined as FDG uptake greater than that of the liver. Results: The median age was 47 (19-72) yrs, 69% males and 31% females. 84% pts had NHL (n 261) and 16% had HL (n 49). CD4 count was < 200 cells/ul in 55% pts. Half of the pts had stage IV ds (n 156). 66 pts underwent staging PET-CT and BMb at diagnosis. Group 1 had 44 [68%] pts; of which 37 cases had both negative PET-CT and BMb, while 7 cases had both positive PET-CT and BMb. Among the 22 pts in group 2; 20 had BM involvement on PET-CT but negative BMb, while 2 had negative PET-CT and a positive BMb. Previous reports suggested poorly controlled HIV and anemia to cause hyperactive BM, interpreted as uptake on PET-CT. So, we compared group 1 and 2; but saw no differences in the mean viral load (133965.4 vs 94094.15, p 0.5) or mean Hgb (10.9 vs 11.4, p 0.4). In group 2, 16 had NHL [73%] and 6 had HL [27%]; and BMb sampling was adequate in all pts. Notably, of the 20 pts in group 2 with positive FDG uptake in BM but negative BMb; those with stage IV [n 16] had other extranodal disease that would classify them as stage IV, regardless of BM uptake on PET-CT. Conclusions: We noted discrepancies between PET-CT and BMb findings, unlike in non HIV patients. However, it did not alter the final stage and treatment plan. While BMb should still be considered in all HIV pts for the purpose of reassessment of marrow after disease treatment and for CNS prophylaxis; PET-CT may serve the practical purpose of staging.
European drug agency to appeal ruling that it stop releasing trial data
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The European Medicines Agency is at loggerheads with an EU court over the disclosure of trial data.

At the end of July the president of the EU General Court (a constituent court of the Court of Justice of the European Union) made interim orders prohibiting the agency from releasing a clinical study report on ataluren (which is marketed as Translarna), a drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and three toxicology reports relating to fluralaner (Bravecto), a treatment for tick and flea infestations in dogs.

In both cases requests for the documents had been made by other drug companies and …
Spread through Air Spaces (STAS) Is an Independent Predictor of Recurrence and Lung Cancer–Specific Death in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Shaohua Lu, Kay See Tan, Kyuichi Kadota, Takashi Eguchi, Sarina Bains, Natasha Rekhtman, Prasad S. Adusumilli, William D. Travis
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Analysis of Genetic Variants and Expression Levels of Human Organic Cation Transporter 1 (HOCT1) and Genetic Variants in MDR1 in CML: Weak Associations Were Detected but a Major Role in Clinical Response to Imatinib Resistance Is Unlikely
Authors: Susanne Schnittger, Sonja Rauhut, Claudia Tschulik, Madlen Ulke, Wolfgang Kern, Claudia Haferlach, Torsten Haferlach
Journal: Blood (2008)
Reply to Huo et al.
Authors: Mathieu Pioche, Jérôme Rivory, Sabine Roman, Thierry Ponchon
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

We read with great interest the letter of Huo et al., which commented on our case report entitled “Use of a long, stiff, overtube placed by a colonoscope to facilitate the POEM procedure for a 36-year history of achalasia with 13-cm esophageal dilation” [1]. We would like to thank the authors for their comments and suggestions.
Long-term outcome of pediatric allogenic transplantation from Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai.
Authors: R. Singh, A. Joshi, B. Bagal, S. Kannan, S. Banavali, R. Nair, N. Khattry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e17000 Background: Allogenic transplantation is a treatment option in various diseases of childhood. We retrospectively analysed our results over the last 25 years and possible role of prognostic factors in the outcome. Methods: Sixty-seven children less than 18 years from March 1983 and September 2009 were included. The commonest underlying diagnosis was acute myeloid leukemia in 17 patients, chronic myeloid leukemia in 14, thalassemia in 12, aplastic anemia in 14, acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 9 and chronic granulomatous disease in 1 patient. The source of stem cells was bone marrow in 48, peripheral blood (PB) in 16 and cord blood in 3. The conditioning regimens included busulfan-cyclophosphamide (Bu- Cy) in 34, cyclophosphamide-total body irradiation in 10 and cyclophosphamide with or without fludarabine and ATG in 21. Prognostic variables analysed for overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were age at transplant, diagnosis, donor-recipient sex match and ABO compatibility, conditioning regimen and presence of acute or chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD). Results: Median age at transplant was 10.0 years. Median dose of total nucleated cells (TNC) and CD34 was 4.0 ×108/kg and 2.98 ×106/kg respectively. All children except 5 received graft from 6/6 human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matched sibling. Median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 15.0 and 17.0 days respectively. Incidence of acute (Grade II-IV) and chronic GVHD was 29.9 % and 9.0% respectively. Transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 29.9% of which 40% died in first 30 days post transplant. Relapses were seen in 10 children. Median follow-up of all patients was 35 months. Cumulative probabilities of OS and DFS at 5 years were 43.4 and 67.4% respectively. No prognostic factor had impact on OS, but DFS was significantly better in those who received Bu-Cy (p = 0.018), PB allograft (p = 0.02) and had acute GVHD (p = 0.04). Conclusions: The above abstract highlights trends and success of transplant in pediatric patients over the last 25 years, and to our knowledge is the first report from India. The above update represents a useful tool to counsel and prognosticate children for allogenic transplant in our country. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Global myocardial diastolic function does not improve with the transplantation of autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Lieven Herbots, E Eroglu, Jan D'hooge, Daisy Thijs, Javier Ganame, Piet Claus, C Dubois, Marie-Christine Herregods, Frans Van de Werf, Frank Rademakers, Stefan Janssens
Journal: Circulation (2005)
Deposition of complement factor C3 in the peritubular capillaries (PTC) indicates a variant of acute renal allograft rejection associated with inferior clinical outcome
Authors: Dirk Kuypers, Evelyne Lerut, Pieter Evenepoel, Bart Maes, Yves Vanrenterghem, Boudewijn Van Damme
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)
Expression of WT-1 mRNA in Peripheral Blood from Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Hideto Tamura, Kazuo Dan, Norio Yokose, Rika Iwakiri, Masatsugu Ohta, Hisashi Sakamaki, Kaoru Tohyama, Asaka Kondo, Kyoko Nakamura, Taishi Yamashita, Takashi Tsuji, Kiyoyuki Ogata
Journal: Blood (2008)
Psychiatric comorbidities in children and adolescents with psoriasis: a population-based cohort study
Authors: T. Todberg, A. Egeberg, P. Jensen, G. Gislason, L. Skov
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Psoriasis is present in 2-3% of the adult European population1 and 0.7-1.2% in children1,2.

Adults with psoriasis have increased risk of depression3, and US data reported an increased risk of psychiatric diseases in pediatrics with psoriasis4, however European data are lacking.

Primary outcomes were to examine the risk of psychiatric disorders including use of psychopharmacotherapy in children with psoriasis compared to healthy controls in a population-based cohort study.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Cardiorespiratory fitness cut points to avoid cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents; what level of fitness should raise a red flag? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jonatan R Ruiz, Ivan Cavero-Redondo, Francisco B Ortega, Gregory J Welk, Lars B Andersen, Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Background Poor cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors. Aim To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the relationship between poor cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents. Methods Systematic literature search (1980 to 11 April 2015) for studies that determined a cardiorespiratory fitness cut point that predicted cardiovascular disease risk in children and adolescents. Results We identified 7 studies that included 9280 children and adolescents (49% girls) aged 8–19 years from 14 countries. Cardiovascular disease risk was already present in boys (6–39%) and girls (6–86%). Boys with low fitness (&lt;41.8 mL/kg/min) had a 5.7 times greater likelihood of having cardiovascular disease risk (95% CI 4.8 to 6.7). The comparable diagnostic OR for girls with low fitness (&lt;34.6 mL/kg/min) was 3.6 (95% CI 3.0 to 4.3). The 95% confidence region of cardiorespiratory fitness associated with low cardiovascular disease risk ranges, 41.8–47.0 mL/kg/min in boys (eg, stages 6–8 for a boy aged 15 years) and 34.6–39.5 mL/kg/min in girls (eg, stages 3–5 for a girl aged 15 years). The cardiorespiratory fitness cut point to avoid cardiovascular disease risk ranged 41.8 mL/kg/min in boys and was 34.6 mL/kg/min in girls. Summary Fitness levels below 42 and 35 mL/kg/min for boys and girls, respectively, should raise a red flag. These translate to 6 and 3 stages on the shuttle run test for a boy and a girl, both aged 15 years, respectively. These cut points identify children and adolescents who may benefit from primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention programming.
TSHZ3 deletion causes an autism syndrome and defects in cortical projection neurons
Authors: Xavier Caubit, Paolo Gubellini, Joris Andrieux, Pierre L. Roubertoux, Mehdi Metwaly, Bernard Jacq, Ahmed Fatmi, Laurence Had-Aissouni, Kenneth Y. Kwan, Pascal Salin, Michèle Carlier, Agne Liedén, Eva Rudd, Marwan Shinawi, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Jean Marie Cuisset, Marie Pierre Lemaitre, Fatimetou Abderrehamane, Bénédicte Duban, Jean François Lemaitre, Adrian S. Woolf, Detlef Bockenhauer, Dany Severac, Emeric Dubois, Ying Zhu, Nenad Sestan, Alistair N. Garratt, Lydia Kerkerian-Le Goff, Laurent Fasano
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
PTH-140 Risk Stratification of upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding with the Glasglow-Blatchford Score: Experience of a District General Hospital in East London, United Kingdom: Abstract PTH-140 Table 1
Authors: F W D Tai, E Selvaraj, Y H Siaw, E Seward
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The Glasglow-Blatchford Score (GBS) is a risk stratification tool to assess the need for clinical intervention to prevent death in patients with suspected upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding<sup>1</sup>. In the UK it has been validated in four centres, with 99.6% sensitivity for not requiring endoscopic or transfusion therapy in patients with a GBS of zero<sup>1,3</sup>. Latest NICE guidelines recommend the GBS for risk stratification in UGI bleeds<sup>2</sup>. We aimed to establish whether the East London population behaved in a similar fashion to published data. <h3>Methods</h3> The GBS was calculated retrospectively from audit data collected from patients with suspected UGI bleeding seen by the emergency department (ED) at Whipps Cross University Hospital, London between November and December 2011. During this period, clinical notes for patients with emergency department attendances coded as haematemesis, coffee-ground vomiting and/or melaena were analysed. Patients who were subsequently found to have a different diagnosis were excluded from further analysis. In addition to basic demographic and admission data, we assessed how frequently the GBS was applied. GBS scores were then correlated with endoscopy findings, and the need for endoscopic therapy at the time of endoscopy, and the need for transfusion. <h3>Results</h3> 97 sets of notes were identified and 42 patients included in the audit, age range 26–96 (median 66 years). 61% of patients were male and 57% of admissions occurred between the hours of 0900 to 1700. In 77% of patients a GBS was not considered by emergency and/or acute medical physicians. All patients with a GBS of 0 were admitted and subsequently discharged with outpatient endoscopy. Of patients scoring 1 to 5, 11% had UGI pathology, 9% (2 patients both GBS of 5) required transfusion only. In patients scoring 6 to 13, 47% of them had UGI pathology, 33% and 87% required endoscopic therapy and blood transfusions respectively. <h3>Conclusion</h3> UGI bleeds were most commonly found in males over the age of 65. Locally, the GBS is an underused risk stratification tool in determining the need for admission. Our preliminary data suggests patients with GBS of 0 can be discharged with outpatient endoscopy, and patients with a GBS more than 6 represent a high risk population requring emergent endoscopy. We propose that patients with a GBS of 1 or 2 can also be managed as an outpatient as our data suggest that patients in this group do not require admission. Local data suggests this can reduce patient admission rates by up to 17%. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Blatchford O<i> et al.</i> Lancet 2000; 256(9238):1318–21 Dworzynski K <i>et al.</i><i></i> BMJ 2012; p.e3412 Stanley AJ <i>et al.</i> Lancet 2009; 373(9657):42–7
Reversible binding of hemoglobin to band 3 constitutes the molecular switch that mediates O2 regulation of erythrocyte properties
Authors: Haiyan Chu, Mary M. McKenna, Nathan A. Krump, Suilan Zheng, Laurel Mendelsohn, Swee Lay Thein, Lisa J. Garrett, David M. Bodine, Philip S. Low
Journal: Blood (2016)
Association between tobacco use and symptom expression, alcoholism, and illicit drug use in patients with advanced cancer.
Authors: YuJung Kim, Rony Dev, Akhila Sunkepally Reddy, David Hui, Gary B. Chisholm, Janet L. Williams, Eduardo Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

154 Background: Our aim was to determine the association between smoking status and symptom expression, opioid use, alcoholism, and illicit drug use in advanced cancer patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 560 consecutive charts from the outpatient Supportive Care Center and identified 300 advanced cancer patients who completed a comprehensive smoking questionnaire. Data on the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS), morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD), CAGE (Cut Down, Annoyed, Guilty, Eye Opener) questionnaire for alcoholism screening, and history of illicit drug use were collected. Results: Among 300 advanced cancer patients, 119 (40%) were never-smokers, 148 (49%) were former smokers, and 33 (11%) were current smokers. Compared with never-smokers, current smokers were more likely to be men (58% vs. 29%, P=0.004), report a higher pain expression (median 7.0 vs. 5.0 by the ESAS, P=0.007), be CAGE positive (≥2 yes response) (42% vs. 3%, P&lt;0.001), and have a history of illicit drug use (33% vs. 3%, P&lt;0.001). Compared with never-smokers, former smokers were more likely to be men (60% vs. 29%, P&lt;0.001), have head and neck cancer or lung cancer (30% vs. 13%, P=0.001), be CAGE positive (21% vs. 3%, P&lt;0.001), and have a history of illicit drug use (16% vs. 3%, P&lt;0.001). Current smokers reported a higher pain expression than former smokers (median 7.0 vs. 6.0 by the ESAS, P=0.01), had higher CAGE positivity (42% vs. 21%, P=0.01) and more frequent illicit drug use (33% vs. 16%, P=0.03). The MEDD and the timing of palliative care referral were not significantly different between current or former smokers compared with never-smokers. However, a higher proportion of current smokers were receiving opioids with MEDD ≥30mg at the time of palliative care consultation compared with never-smokers (70% vs. 52%, P=0.08). Conclusions: Our study suggests that current tobacco use is associated with a higher pain expression. In addition, any history of tobacco use is associated with a history of illicit drug use and alcoholism. Advanced cancer patients who smoked cigarettes may be at an increased risk for chemical coping or stronger opioid utilization and further studies are needed.
Peripheral blood monocytes as biomarkers for colorectal cancer.
Authors: Hans Prenen, Alexander Hamm, Mathias Wenes, Estelle Delamarre, Andre D'Hoore, Alain Hendlisz, Francoise Rothe, Roberta Sarmiento, Sabine Tejpar, Eric Van Cutsem, Thomas Schmidt, Giampietro Gasparini, Juergen Weitz, Massimiliano Mazzone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

3588 Background: Peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) represent a reservoir of inflammatory cells that contribute to cancer progression. When recruited into tumors, monocytes give rise to either macrophages or dendritic cells. Tumor-derived soluble factors can influence the differentiation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and drive their phenotype to either tumoricidal (M1) or pro-tumorigenic macrophages (M2). We hypothesized that PBM might change their phenotype already when in circulation and can be used as potential markers for early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its progression to metastatic disease. Methods: Monocytes were isolated by using magnetic microbeads conjugated to antibodies against CD14. In a monocentric training set we included 55 (27 non metastatic (NM), 38 metastatic (M)) untreated CRC patients. The third group included age and gender matched healthy volunteers (HV). Following RNA extraction, gene expression profiles of PBM were investigated by high throughput screening using Illumina. Statistical analysis was done on the microarray expression data to delineate a disease specific signature. A cut off was set to select the genes showing a minimum fold change of 1,5. A validation study was performed in three additional major oncological centers throughout Europe. Results: There was a broad overlap in the gene signature of PBM from NM and M patients, indicating that this signature already exists in an early stage. Then we assessed the performance of the gene signature of cancer versus HV as diagnostic tool, in particular the sensitivity and specificity, which were remarkably high in the ROC analysis. Out of 40 differentially expressed genes, 21 genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis on samples processed independently. In the validation study the number of genes was downsized to a 12 gene signature without loss of specificity and sensitivity. Conclusions: This first biomarker study of PBM in CRC suggests an ‘imprinting’ of PBM by the tumor in CRC patients. Since the imprinting profile might also be reversed, the PBM signature might not only be useful in CRC diagnosis, but also for the follow-up of treated CRC patients. Overall, our data offer new opportunities to develop a non-invasive test for CRC detection and monitoring.
Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women’s Health
Authors: Birgit M. Dietz, Atieh Hajirahimkhan, Tareisha L. Dunlap, Judy L. Bolton
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2016)

Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially <i>Vaccinium macrocarpon</i> (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include <i>Vitex agnus-castus</i> (chasteberry), <i>Angelica sinensis</i> (dong quai), <i>Viburnum opulus/prunifolium</i> (cramp bark and black haw), and <i>Zingiber officinale</i> (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> (fenugreek) and <i>Silybum marianum</i> (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women's Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for <i>Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa</i> (black cohosh) and <i>Valeriana officinalis</i> (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include <i>Glycine max</i> (soy), <i>Trifolium pratense</i> (red clover), <i>Pueraria lobata</i> (kudzu), <i>Humulus lupulus</i> (hops), <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> species (licorice), <i>Rheum rhaponticum</i> (rhubarb), <i>Vitex agnus-castus</i> (chasteberry), <i>Linum usitatissimum</i> (flaxseed), <i>Epimedium</i> species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and <i>Medicago sativa</i> (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women's health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.