tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nosocomial Pneumonia in Intubated Patients Given Sucralfate as Compared with Antacids or Histamine Type 2 Blockers
Authors: M R Driks, D E Craven, B R Celli, M Manning, R A Burke, G M Garvin, L M Kunches, H W Farber, S A Wedel, W R McCabe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia may result from retrograde colonization of the pharynx from the stomach, and this may be more likely when the gastric pH is relatively high. We studied the rate of nosocomial pneumonia among 130 patients given mechanical ventilation in an intensive care unit who were receiving as prophylaxis for stress ulcer either sucralfate (n = 61), which does not raise gastric pH, or conventional treatment with antacids, histamine type 2 (H2) blockers, or both (n = 69). At the time of randomization to treatment, the two groups were similar in age, underlying diseases, and severity of acute illness. Patients in the sucralfate group had a higher proportion of gastric aspirates with a pH ≤4 (P<0.001) and significantly lower concentrations of gram-negative bacilli (P<0.05) in gastric aspirates, pharyngeal swabs, and tracheal aspirates than did patients in the antacid–H2-blocker group. The rate of pneumonia was twice as high in the antacid–H2 group as in the sucralfate group (95 percent confidence interval, 0.89 to 4.58; P = 0.11). Gram-negative bacilli were isolated more frequently from the tracheal aspirates of patients with pneumonia who were receiving antacids or H2 blockers. Mortality rates were 1.6 times higher in the antacid–H2 group than in the sucralfate group (95 percent confidence interval, 0.99 to 2.50; P = 0.07). Although our results fell just short of statistical significance when they were analyzed according to intention to treat, they suggest that agents that elevate gastric pH increase the risk of nosocomial pneumonia in patients receiving ventilation by favoring gastric colonization with gram-negative bacilli. We conclude that in patients receiving mechanical ventilation, the use of a prophylactic agent against stress-ulcer bleeding that preserves the natural gastric acid barrier against bacterial overgrowth may be preferable to antacids and H2 blockers. (N Engl J Med 1987; 317:1376–82.)
FRI0211 Usability of the Modified Swindon Foot and Ankle Questionnaire
Authors: M. Williamson, R. Waller, A. Endean, W. Holden, D. Collins, E. Price, L. Williamson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Foot and ankle problems are common but often neglected in Rheumatology patients. We developed a self-administered, rapid screening questionnaire with unique feature of diagrams for patients to indicate their problems visually. There are ten questions which include domains of symptoms, function, disability, work, footwear and surgery. We further simplified the language (SMOG reading age &lt;11), and added a patient global assessment 100mm VAS to allow patients to express symptom severity. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our objective was to assess the usability of the modified Swindon Foot and Ankle Questionnaire (SFAQ) in different rheumatology units where foot screening questionnaires are not routinely used. <h3>Methods</h3> 234 patients from 3 rheumatology centres (Swindon n=86, Truro n=87, Basingstoke n=61) were invited to complete the SFAQ prior to outpatient consultation. We recorded their rheumatological diagnosis, SFAQ score (0 to 10), VAS score (0 to 100) and recorded if they had used the foot diagrams. <h3>Results</h3> All 234 patients completed the SFAQ, the vast majority unaided. Diagnoses included Rheumatoid Arthritis (40%), Psoriatic Arthritis (14%), Ankylosing Spondylitis, Osteoarthritis, Fibromyalgia, Sjogren9s and SLE. SFAQ 10 point questionnaire score: mean 2.9, median 3.0 (range 0-10); 62 patients (26%) scored 0. VAS: 192 (82%) patients completed the 100mm VAS: mean 28, median 20, (range 0-100). There was a strong correlation between the SFAQ score and VAS foot score (r=0.67) 15 patients did not use the VAS. 27 patients wrote words above the VAS instead of a marking a line. Pictures: 146 (62%) patients indicated their symptoms on the foot diagram; 10 patients used neither diagram nor VAS and their mean SFAQ score was 0.9 (n=10). Work: 19 (8.5%) answered 9yes9 to the question "in the last week have your feet or ankles stopped you going to work?" Their mean VAS score was 67 and mean SFAQ score was 7.1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The modified SFAQ is a rapid, patient administered questionnaire, simple enough to be completed unaided prior to consultations in different rheumatology centres. The questions, foot diagrams and VAS were all widely used and gave patients the opportunity to communicate their symptoms in a variety of ways. There was a strong correlation between SFAQ score and VAS score. 8.5% patients with high scores reported their foot and ankle symptoms had stopped them working. Clinicians may use this as a rapid tool to prompt early diagnosis and treatment of foot and ankle problems in Rheumatology patients, highlighted as a commonly neglected aspect of patient care. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1560
The usefulness of endoscopic ultrasound and spiral CT in detecting choledocholithiasis in patients with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Bang Byoung Wook
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Choledocholithiasis commonly occurs in patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. Although recent technical innovation of spiral CT scan enhances diagnostic yield of choledocholithiasis, it seems to have some limitation in evaluation of common bile duct. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of spiral CT and EUS in detection of choledocholithiasis who was diagnosed as acute cholecystitis.
SAT0272 Whole body MRI in active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis – distribution of findings in the axial skeleton
Authors: K.G. Hermann, C.E. Althoff, I.-H. Song, B. Hamm, J. Sieper
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) comprises ankylosing spondylitis (AS), showing evidence of sacroiliitis on x-rays, and non-radiographic (nr) axSpA, which is regarded as an early form. To date it is not completely understood whether nr-axSpA shows more inflammation at the beginning that later diminishes or vice versa. Secondly, it is of interest to what extent structural damage is already detectable in the earliest stages of nr-axSpA. Whole-body MRI (wbMRI) is a technique to image the entire axial skeleton in a reasonable amount of time. <h3>Objectives</h3> To utilise wb-MRI for the evaluation of both active and structural lesions in nr-axSpA in comparison to AS. <h3>Methods</h3> 75 patients (mean age 33±8 yrs.) with axSpA were recruited as part of the ESTHER trial (1). Baseline data were analysed for the purpose of this evaluation. Symptom duration was less than 5 years and included patients had to be positive for inflammation at spine or sacroiliac joints (SIJ). Patients were scanned with a comprehensive wbMRI protocol and scored for active inflammatory lesions as well as structural changes in the spine and SIJs (Berlin wb-MRI score) (1). Separation into nr-axSpA and AS patients was made on the basis of x-rays (fullfillment of mod. NY X-ray criteria). <h3>Results</h3> The study cohort consisted of 39 patients with AS and 36 nr-axSpA patients. Clinical characteristics were similar for both groups. In the AS group 92% of the patients showed active inflammatory lesions in the SIJ (score 7.6±6.3), 53% in the spine (score 2.6±4.1), but only 5% showed spinal inflammation without sacroiliitis. MRI-inflammation was found slightly less in he nr-axSpA-group, although this difference was not significant: 94% (score 5.7±5.2), 39% (score 1.1±1.9) and 2%, respectively. The posterior segments of the spine were affected in significantly (p=0.04) more patients in the AS (n=10) than in the nr-axSpA group (n=3). SIJ fatty bone marrow deposition was more frequent (p=0.001) in AS (score of 4.8±3.2) compared to nr-axSpA (score 2.4±2.7) patients. SIJ erosions were non-significantly more common in AS (score 4.2±2.3) than in nr-axSpA (score 3.8±1.8) patients. Bone proliferation on the spine and SIJ were more frequent in the AS vs. nr-axSpA group (p=0.02 and p=0.005, respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Whole body MRI is feasible method to depict SpA-associated changes of the entire axial skeleton comprehensively. As expected, AS patients show more structural damage on MRI than nr-axSpA patients including fatty bone marrow deposition, erosions, and bone proliferation. However, the amount of active inflammation on MRI is similar for both groups, with only a trend for higher activity scores in the AS group. <h3>References</h3> Song IH, Hermann KG, Haibel H, Althoff CE, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011 Apr;70(4):590-6. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
IMPACT OF TYPE-II ENDOLEAK ON ANEURYSM SAC GROWTH AND PREDICTORS OF TYPE-II ENDOLEAK AFTER ENDOVASCULAR ANEURYSM REPAIR
Authors: Ren Kawaguchi, Yusuke Miyaishi, Hakuken Kan, Masahiko Ezure, Tatsuo Kaneko, Shigeru Oshima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
996 INCREASED HEPATIC FUNCTIONALITY OF THE HUMAN HEPATOMA CELL LINE HepaRG CULTURED IN THE AMC BIOARTICIFIAL LIVER
Authors: G. Nibourg, R. Hoekstra, T. van der Hoeven, M. Ackermans, T. Hakvoort, T. van Gulik, R. Chamuleau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Distant Metastases in a Young Woman With Stewart-Treves Syndrome Demonstrated by an FDG-PET/CT Scan
Authors: Yu-Ren Chen, Te-Chun Hsieh, Kuo-Yang Yen, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

This 17-year-old woman had chronic congenital lymphedema in the left lower extremity since childhood. She underwent surgeries to remove excessive lymphedematous tissues more than 15 times previously. Histopathology of the specimen from the recent surgery revealed angiosarcoma; therefore, FDG-PET/CT scan was arranged to determine the extent of tumor spread, and distant metastases were discovered. Stewart-Treves syndrome is angiosarcomas that arise secondary to chronic lymphedema. Because of the high lethality of this condition, the FDG-PET/CT scan may be a clinically useful imaging modality to detect the possible malignant transformation earlier for patients with chronic lymphedema.
Residential Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children
Authors: Martha S. Linet, Elizabeth E. Hatch, Ruth A. Kleinerman, Leslie L. Robison, William T. Kaune, Dana R. Friedman, Richard K. Severson, Carol M. Haines, Charleen T. Hartsock, Shelley Niwa, Sholom Wacholder, Robert E. Tarone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Previous studies found associations between childhood leukemia and surrogate indicators of exposure to magnetic fields (the power-line classification scheme known as "wire coding"), but not between childhood leukemia and measurements of 60-Hz residential magnetic fields.
Decreased Plasma beta-Carotene Levels in Women With Uterine Cervical Dysplasias and Cancer
Authors: P. R. PALAN, S. L. ROMNEY, M. MIKHAIL, J. BASU, S. H. VERMUND
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Decreased Plasma β-Carotene Levels in Women With Uterine Cervical Dysplasias and Cancer Get access PRABHUDAS R. PALAN, PRABHUDAS R. PALAN Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar SEYMOUR L. ROMNEY, SEYMOUR L. ROMNEY Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MAGDY MIKHAIL, MAGDY MIKHAIL Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAYASRI BASU, JAYASRI BASU Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar STEN H. VERMUND STEN H. VERMUND Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine1300 Morris Park Ave. Bronx, NY 10461 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 6, 18 May 1988, Pages 454–455, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.6.454 Published: 18 May 1988
AB0737 Do Postural Deformities in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Cause Balance Problems?
Authors: E. Cinar, Y. Akkoc, H. Karapolat, G. Keser
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Ankylosing spondylitis causes progressive postural deformities [1]. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to assess the impact of postural deformities on balance. <h3>Methods</h3> In this cross-sectional study, 29 AS patients and 21 healthy controls were included. For assessing exercise capacity and dynamic balance, timed up-and-go test, 5 times sit-to-stand test, gait speed and six-minute walk test were performed. Romberg tests were used to assess static balance and proprioception, while Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Activity Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and functional reach test were used to assess dynamic balance and risk of falling. Using Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI) scores, AS patients with scores 0-4 were assigned to subgroup AS1, while those with scores 5-10 were assigned to subgroup AS2. <h3>Results</h3> In the whole group of AS patients, 5 times sit-to-stand test, tandem Romberg test with eyes closed, BDI, BBS and ABC scores were significantly worse than the healthy controls (p&lt;0.05). In the AS2 subgroup, five additional parameters including timed up and go test, 6 minute walk test, functional reach test, FGA and DHI scores were also significantly worse than the healthy controls (p&lt;0.05). Only BBS scores were significantly worse in AS2 subgroup compared to AS1 subgroup. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with AS have poorer static and dynamic balance compared to healthy subjects [2-4]. Although significantly worse BBS scores in the AS2 subgroup, compared to AS1 subgroup may suggest the presence of more severe dynamic balance problems in advanced disease, future studies including larger number of patients are necessary to confirm this assumption. <h3>References</h3> Khan MA, (2002) Ankylosing spondylitis: introductory comments on its diagnosis and treatment. Ann Rheum Dis 61 Suppl 3: p. iii3-7. doi:10.1136/ard.61.suppl_3.iii3 Aydog E, Depedibi R, Bal A,Eksioglu E, Unlu E,Cakci A, Dynamic postural balance in ankylosing spondylitis patients. Rheumatology (Oxford), 45(4): p. 445-8. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kei192 Durmus B, Altay Z, Ersoy Y, Baysal O,Dogan E, (2010) Postural stability in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Disabil Rehabil, 2010. 32(14): p. 1156-62. doi: 10.3109/0963828090342831 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1087
Abstract 1166: Upregulation of microRNAs in colorectal tumors and association with disease stage.
Authors: Karen W. Makar, Michelle A. Wurscher, Nina Habermann, William M. Grady, Cornelia M. Ulrich
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that function as regulators of many critical cellular processes. Increased expression of specific microRNAs in tumor tissue may be indicative of a patient's prognosis. The purpose of this study was to assess miRNA upregulation in fresh frozen colorectal cancer (CRC) tumors compared to paired normal colorectal tissue in a prospective cohort of CRC patients. Methods Tumor and normal tissue were collected at the time of surgery from 40 stage I-IV CRC patients participating in the ColoCare Study in Seattle, WA. The Qiagen miRNeasy kit was used to isolate miRNAs for analysis. Expression of candidate miRNAs (e.g., miR-141, miR-31, miR-29a, mir-92a, miR-203) was measured using Taqman qRT-PCR with miRNA-specific stem loop primers. For each miRNA, copy number was determined via standard curves and normalized to miR-16 expression for each sample. Expression in tumor was compared to expression in paired normal tissue for each participant. In addition, we profiled two stage III CRC tumor-normal pairs using the miCURY LNA human panel I qRT-PCR array from Exiqon. Relative expression from the Exiqon panel was calculated using GenEx software and endogenous control assays. The Wilcoxon two sample test was used to compare normalized miRNA upregulation between groups. Results Expression of miR-31 was greater than 10-fold higher in tumor compared to normal tissue for 13 of 38 tumor-normal pairs with Taqman data available. Overexpression of miR-31 in tumor tissue was significantly correlated with stage III-IV CRC when compared to stage I-II CRC (p&amp;lt;0.01). The Taqman and miCURY platforms both showed miR-31 upregulation in the two stage III CRC tumors, but the extent of upregulation varied between platforms. Conclusion In this study, upregulation of miR-31 in CRC tumor tissue was associated with more advanced disease stage in CRC patients. Future studies will investigate additional miRNAs, and associations with clinicopathological features, patient outcomes, and circulating miRNA levels. Citation Format: Karen W. Makar, Michelle A. Wurscher, Nina Habermann, William M. Grady, Cornelia M. Ulrich. Upregulation of microRNAs in colorectal tumors and association with disease stage. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1166. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1166
OP0260 Targeting CD1C-Expressing MDCS to Inhibit T Cell Activation and Thymus and Activation Regulated Chemokine (TARC)-Dependent Chemotaxis in RA
Authors: M. R. Hillen, F. M. Moret, F. P. Lafeber, C. E. Hack, T. R. Radstake, J. A. van Roon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Recently, we demonstrated strong Th1 and Th17 cytokine induction by CD1c<sup>+</sup> myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) from synovial fluid and identified thymic stromal lympopoeitin (TSLP) as an important activator of these cells. CD1c-expressing mDCs and CD4 T cells are potent producers of Thymus and activation regulated chemokine (TARC), which is a chemotactic factor that attracts cells expressing CCR4, including CD4 T cells with Th2, Th17 and Treg phenotypes. TARC is known as a critical mediator in atopic diseases but is also present at sites of inflammation in autoimmune diseases. In synovial fluid (SF) of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients CCR4 is expressed on Th17 cells and mast cells that together are indicated to make up most IL-17 producing cells, suggesting that TARC plays an important role in attraction of IL-17 producing cells to the synovium. In addition, TARC can attract mDCs and fibroblasts. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate if TARC is associated with RA pathogenesis and whether depletion of CD1c mDCs prevents production of high TARC concentrations. <h3>Methods</h3> TARC ELISA was performed on SF of 100 RA and 50 OA patients. Mononuclear cells (MC) were isolated from the blood of healthy controls (HC) and blood or SF of RA patients and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. CD1c mDCs were isolated with MACS and stimulated with TSLP for 24 hours and TARC levels were measured in supernatants. Alternatively, CD1c-expressing cells were depleted from MC using MACS and TARC levels were measured upon stimulation with TSLP or IL-7 (n=6). <h3>Results</h3> SF from RA patients contained significantly higher concentrations of TARC as compared to SF from OA patients (78.9 vs 9.2 pg/mL, p&lt;0.0001). Isolated CD1c mDCs from the synovial fluid of RA patients produced TARC directly ex vivo and produced significantly higher TARC levels compared to paired mDCs from the blood (26.4 vs 1.2 pg/mL, p&lt;0.01). CD1c mDCs and SFMCs from RA and JIA patients produced more TARC compared to paired PB counterparts when stimulated with TSLP (926 vs 128 pg/mL, p&lt;0.01) (or IL-7, p&lt;0.01). Moreover, depletion of CD1c cells from MC significantly reduced TARC production induced by stimulation with TSLP (mean inhibition 76%, p=0.031). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased TARC levels correlate with the percentages of CD1c-expressing mDCs present in RA SF; these mDCs produce enhanced TARC levels directly <i>ex vivo</i> and production is increased upon stimulation with TSLP. TARC production is markedly decreased when CD1c cells are depleted. Considering the strong potential of SF CD1c<sup>+</sup> mDCs to activate CD4 T cells and to induce Th1 and Th17 cytokine secretion as well as the potent attraction of a range of inflammatory cells by TARC, targeting CD1c mDCs could be a novel therapeutic approach in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
CB-08 * KIF3A IS ESSENTIAL FOR CILIOGENESIS, CILIA FUNCTION AND PROMOTES GLIOBLASTOMA PROGRESSION
Authors: L. Hoang-Minh, L. Deleyrolle, G. Ugartemendia, J. Breunig, S. Semple-Rowland, B. Reynolds, M. Sarkisian
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Despite recent findings that cilia transduce diverse signaling pathways affecting cell proliferation, migration and survival, little is known about the influence of cilia or cilia-associated proteins in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We recently showed that primary cilia project from subsets of cells in GBM patient biopsies and derived cell lines. To determine if cilia contribute to GBM growth, we blocked ciliogenesis using a lentivirus expressing a dominant negative form of KIF3A, an essential ciliogenesis protein. We generated stable GBM cell lines (L0 and S3; representing different molecular subclasses) whereby dnKIF3A+ cells exhibited virtual complete loss of cilia compared to controls (confirmed by immunostaining and EM). Canonically, secreted Sonic hedgehog (SHH) ligand binds and activates receptor signaling cascades (e.g., smoothened (SMO)) within cilia to promote normal cell proliferation and tumor cell growth in specific developmental and pathological contexts, respectively. To examine the role of SHH in GBM proliferation, we exposed control and dnKIF3A+ L0 and S3 cells to saline or recombinant SHH. We found the number of L0 control cells significantly increased after SHH compared to saline, an effect blocked by pretreatment with cyclopamine (SMO inhibitor). However, SHH did not increase the number of L0 dnKIF3A+ cells. Interestingly, SHH exposure had no effect on S3 control cell numbers, despite observations that SHH signaling components (SMO and Gli3) were recruited to their cilia in response to SHH. This suggests GBM cilia are SHH-responsive but the downstream consequences of ciliary signaling may differ between cell lines. Notably, mice intracranially xenografted with L0 cells expressing dnKIF3A survived significantly longer than mice receiving control cells, and retained the loss of cilia phenotype in the tumors. Collectively, these data suggest KIF3A promotes GBM tumor progression, but the extent to which the effects are mediated by cilia and the heterogeneity of SHH-dependence across GBM subtypes requires further investigation.