tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alexander Borodin
Authors: A. K. Garland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

IT is unusual for a man to be able to follow with equal activity two such exacting and diversified fields of endeavor as science and music, without eventually foregoing one for the other. Alexander Borodin was one of the few extraordinary persons successful in both. His chemistry professor, Zinin, used to say: "Mister Borodin, please don't think so much of ballads when here I am believing in your future and trying to train you to succeed me. You can't hunt two hares at the same time."1 But hunt them he did.Alexander Porpheyrevich Borodin, born in 1834, was the natural . . .
Bronchoconstriction and airway remodeling.
Authors: Jaymin Morjaria, Simon Hart, Alyn H Morice
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: The findings in the study by Grainge and colleagues contradict the established theory of inflammation as the primary driver of pathological change in asthmatic airways. If bronchoconstriction is the real culprit, then these observations may be applicable to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), another condition characterized by airway remodeling. In COPD, tiotropium, a bronchodilator devoid of any recognized antiinflammatory properties, has been shown to attenuate the postbronchodilator decline in lung function in early disease.1 This finding is consistent with a progressive effect of bronchodilation in constraining airway remodeling. Do the authors have any data that address this possibility?
Nonsurgical Treatment of Laryngeal Cancer
Authors: Tejpal Gupta, Jaiprakash Agarwal, Sarbani Ghosh Lashkar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Nonsurgical Treatment of Laryngeal Cancerto the editor: Forastiere and colleagues (Nov.27 issue) 1 are to be congratulated on their important study of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy for organ preservation in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer.However, the final sentence of their report, which states that they "believe that in most patients with laryngeal cancer, the disease can be managed without a primary surgical approach," lacks balance and may be misleading to readers.This study included a limited subgroup of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer, whose only surgical option was total laryngectomy.However, there is a large group of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer who are candidates for organ-preserving surgical techniques, including either open partial laryngectomy or endoscopic transoral resection, which are used to avoid total laryngectomy. 2By not mentioning options involving less-than-total laryngectomy, the authors leave readers with the impression that total laryngectomy is the only surgical option for laryngeal cancer.When patients with early or advanced laryngeal cancer are candidates for surgical approaches that preserve the larynx, it is the standard of care to discuss the surgical and nonsurgical organ-preserving options with the patient and allow the patient to participate in the choice of appropriate treatment. 3
Brainstem and vermis atrophy in catatonia
Authors: A B Joseph, W H Anderson, D H O'Leary
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The computerized tomographic scans of five catatonic patients and five matched controls were blindly assessed. The catatonic patients showed preponderant atrophy of the brainstem and cerebellar vermis. Catatonia may be associated with lesions in these areas.
Tropical Pyomyositis
Authors: Myron J. Levin, Pierce Gardner, Francis A. Waldvogel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE propensity of Staphylococcus aureus to produce abscesses in a variety of organs after sustained bacteremia is well known. Muscle, however, seems to be inherently resistant to staphylococcal infections, and muscle abscesses are notably rare in the United States.1 In contrast, pyomyositis due to Staph. aureus is a common reason for hospital admissions in tropical areas. Although certain characteristics of the clinical presentation and the natural history of tropical pyomyositis allow the physician to make an early diagnosis, the disease differs in many respects from other staphylococcal infections and therefore may be misdiagnosed. The cases of two patients, recently admitted . . .
A first in human Phase I/II study of NUC-1031 in patients with advanced gynecological cancers.
Authors: Sarah Patricia Blagden, Ivana Rizzuto, Chara Stavraka, Daniel O'Shea, Puvan Suppiah, Markand Patel, Naomi Loyse, Ajithkumar Sukumaran, Nishat Bharwani, Andrea Rockall, Hani Gabra, Mona El-Bahrawy, Harpreet S Wasan, Robert C. F. Leonard, Nagy A Habib, Christopher McGuigan, John G. Gribben, Essam Ahmed Ghazaly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

2547 Background: Acquired resistance to chemotherapy hampers patients’survival from many gynecological malignancies. NUC-1031, a first-in-class nucleotide analogue, utilises phosphoramidate chemistry to overcome key drug resistance mechanisms and enhance anti-cancer activity. Methods: NUC-1031 was given as a single injection either 1) on days 1,8, & 15 of a 28 day cycle (q4w) in doses ranging from 500mg/m2 to 1000mg/m2, or 2) as a twice weekly schedule on days 1 & 5, 8 & 12, 15 & 19 q4w at 375mg/m2. Primary endpoints were safety and tolerability, and secondary endpoints were pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics and efficacy. Results: Of 68 patients (pts) enrolled in this study, 18 had primary gynecological cancers: 13 ovary/fallopian tube (comprising high grade serous (HGS) (10), G2 endometrioid (2), mixed clear cell/serous (1)), 3 endometrium (comprising G3 serous (2), MMMT (1)), and 2 cervix (SCC). Pts had a mean age of 59 years (age range 42-78 yrs) and received an average of 3.5 prior chemotherapy regimens. All pts with HGS cancers were platinum resistant with average platinum-free interval 3.7 months (range 0.3 – 6.9 mths). NUC-1031 was well tolerated. In total 9 SAEs were reported in 7 pts. The most common AEs of grade ≥ 3 considered ‘possibly/probably related’ to the study agent were: myelosuppression (8); fatigue (6); GGT (3). The PK profiles revealed high and sustained intracellular levels of the active metabolite dFdCTP (AUC of 2.1 nmol/million cells/hr) over 24 hrs. Fourteen of the 18 pts had received at least 2 cycles of NUC-1031 and were evaluable for RECIST assessment of response. Significant disease control rate (DCR) was observed: 2 Partial Responses (14%); 11 Stable Disease (79%) for an ITT DCR of 72% and on treatment analysis (OTA) DCR of 93%. The mean PFS was 7.5 months (range 3 – 15 mths), with 3 pts showing ongoing disease control. Conclusions: NUC-1031 showed clear signs of clinical activity in patients with gynecological cancers, OTA DCR 93%. The agent was well tolerated, with durable SD and PR observed, PFS 7.5 months. A Phase Ib study of NUC-1031 in combination with carboplatin is ongoing. Phase III studies are planned in both platinum sensitive and refractory gynecological cancers. Clinical trial information: NCT01621854.
Screening of viral markers for HIV HBV and HCV infections in blood donors in France and residual risk of viral transmission by blood transfusion
Authors: J Pillonel, C Saura, A M Couroucé
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

The first part of this article presents the results of screening tests for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from 1986 to 1996. The second part presents the most recent
What Is the Practice of Personal Medicine?
Authors: E.J. H.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Editorials1 March 1973What Is the Practice of Personal Medicine?E.J. H.E.J. H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-3-448 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFew medical educators who have thought about their task would disagree with the conclusion of a Dana Atchley or a George Engel that there are skills and knowledge common to the competent practice of any field of medicine, even without agreeing on exactly what is common to all. The teaching of these is, or should be, the main duty of a school of medicine. Other skills and knowledge, more peripheral but still essential, must also be acquired by clinicians in their particular specialties. Three chief difficulties face curriculum committees in laying out a proper syllabus. What are the central, or...References1. WOLFE S and BADGLEY R. The family doctor. Milbank Mem Fund Q vol. 50, no. 2, part 2, 1972 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Specialty Profile. National Disease and Therapeutic Index. Ambler, Pa., Lea Incorporated, 1972, pp. 1-6 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: E.J. H. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1973Volume 78, Issue 3 Page: 448-449 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Launch of a Nationwide Hepatitis C Elimination Program — Georgia, April 2015
Authors: Kiren Mitruka, Tengiz Tsertsvadze, Maia Butsashvili, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Paata Sabelashvili, Ekaterine Adamia, Mari Chokheli, Jan Drobeniuc, Liesl Hagan, Aaron M. Harris, Tea Jiqia, Ana Kasradze, Stephen Ko, Vakhtang Qerashvili, Lali Sharvadze, Irina Tskhomelidze, Valeri Kvaratskhelia, Juliette Morgan, John W. Ward, Francisco Averhoff
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

marks the fifth annual World Hepatitis Day, established in 2010 by the World Health Organization to increase awareness and understanding of viral hepatitis.Millions of acute hepatitis infections occur each year, and approximately 400 million persons are living with chronic hepatitis B or hepatitis C (1).An estimated 1.4 million persons die each year from the various forms of viral hepatitis (1).The theme of this year's World Hepatitis Day is "Prevent Hepatitis.Act Now." Key messages will focus on risks, safe injection practices, vaccination, and testing and treatment.This issue of MMWR includes a report describing the launch of a nationwide hepatitis C elimination program in Georgia, a country with a high burden of hepatitis C. The initial phase of the program is focused on increasing access to affordable diagnostics, free treatment of persons with severe liver disease who are at highest risk for hepatitis C-related morbidity and mortality with new curative regimens, and building capacity to achieve program goals of prevention of transmission and elimination of disease.Georgia's program might provide information and experience that can inform similar efforts in other parts of the world.A second report summarizes viral hepatitis surveillance and outbreak data from a national surveillance system in India for epidemic-prone diseases.This report sheds light on the burden and epidemiology of acute viral hepatitis in India, particularly hepatitis A and E, and highlights the important role that routine hepatitis surveillance can play in guiding prevention efforts.
Preliminary Studies in a Quantitative Approach to Skin Carcinogenesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;,&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: William E. Poel, Adolph G. Kammer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Preliminary Studies in a Quantitative Approach to Skin Carcinogenesis, Get access William E. Poel, William E. Poel Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Adolph G. Kammer Adolph G. Kammer Department of Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 4, February 1956, Pages 989–994, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.4.989 Published: 01 February 1956 Article history Received: 29 July 1955 Published: 01 February 1956
Foreign Body Granuloma of the Epiglottic Vallecula Mimicking Malignancy on MRI and FDG PET/CT
Authors: Aisheng Dong, Yushu Bai, Yang Wang, Changjing Zuo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 66-year-old man complained of foreign body sensation of the throat and progressive dysphagia without any trigger. Videolaryngoscopy showed a whitish lesion in the epiglottic vallecula. Neck enhanced MRI showed a lesion in epiglottic vallecula with remarkable enhancement. FDG PET/CT showed intense FDG uptake of the lesion with SUVmax of 28. Malignant tumor was suspected. The patient underwent microlaryngoscopic surgery. Histopathologic findings of the specimen were consistent with foreign body granuloma.
Evaluation of Drug Resistance in Cell Cultures by Differential Toxicity Tests&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Morgan Harris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Drug-resistant lines were obtained by cyclic exposure of clone strains of pig kidney cells to aminopterin, 2,6-diaminopurine, and allylglycine. Cultures of sensitive and resistant strains were assayed in graded concentrations of the corresponding inhibitor, and dose-response curves plotted from cell counts at 7 days. Resistant lines showed an increase in maximal levels of analogue tolerated without reduction in cell number, as well as by a rise in drug concentration required for 50 percent growth inhibition at 7 days. Drug resistance was specific for the analogue used to treat the parent strain, and cross-reactions to the other two inhibitors used were minimal or lacking.
Abstract 571: Prognostic Value of Albuminuria on One Month Mortality in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Francois Schiele, Nicolas Meneveau, Romain Chopard, Vincent Descotes-Genon, Joanna Oettinger, Marie-France Seronde, Fiona Ecarnot, Jean-Pierre Bassand
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Albuminuria is associated with hypertension, renal and endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, insulin resistance and atherogenic lipid profile. An increase in albuminuria occurs in the early days after acute myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between albuminuria and 30 day mortality, as well as its incremental predictive value on top of established prognostic parameters. Methods: Demographic, clinical and biological characteristics at admission, in-hospital treatments and one month survival were recorded in 1188 consecutive patients admitted for acute myocardial infarction. Albuminuria was assessed from an 8-hour, overnight urine collection at day 3 using immunonephelemetry. The population was categorized according to albuminuria &lt;20, 20 to 200 and &gt;200 μg/min. Results: Fifty one percent (625/1188) of patients had an albuminuria level below 20 μg/min, 40% (296) between 20 and 200 μg/min and 9% (109) above 200 μg/min. High levels of albuminuria were associated with older age, history of hypertension, previous surgical coronary revascularization, stroke or peripheral vessel disease. Albuminuria was also correlated with troponin release, BNP and high sensitive CRP. At one month, there was a significantly higher mortality rate in groups with higher albuminuria (31/635(5%), 64/477(13%) and 22/109(20%) for albuminuria &lt;20, 20–200 and &gt;200 μg/min respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that albuminuria was an independent predictor of mortality. After adjustment on the GRACE risk score and the use of guidelines-recommended treatments, patients with albuminuria &gt;20 μl/min had a 4-fold higher 30 day mortality, and those &gt;200 μl/min had a 5 fold higher 30 day mortality, as compared with patients with albuminuria &lt;20 μl/min (OR 4 [1.3–12.5] and 5.9 [1.64–20] for albuminuria &gt;20 μl/min and &gt;200 μl/min respectively). Conclusions: Albuminuria level is an independent and powerful predictor of mortality after acute myocardial infarction.
Case 37-1967
Authors: George P. Baker, Martin H. Flax
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Presentation of CaseA fifteen-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of anuria and unresponsiveness.He had been well until fourteen days previously, when there was the onset of rhinorrhea and cough, without fever. He became listless but continued to attend school and to play basketball. Five days before entry the lethargy increased, and vomiting occurred. Two days later he was examined by a physician because of periumbilical pain and persistent vomiting; the pulse was slow, and the abdomen soft. Chlorpromazine, 15 mg., was administered intramuscularly, without apparent effect. Diarrhea developed, and he voided frequently. His father, who had . . .
Testing psychiatric knowledge with in-house examinations
Authors: G D Strauss, J Yager, E G Liston, G E Strauss
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Formal assessment during psychiatric training is becoming more common, not only to evaluate trainees but also to meet demands for educational and fiscal accountability. National norm-referenced tests such as the new psychiatry in-training examination may not meet the needs of many residency programs. The authors describe an alternate approach: an in-house test of psychiatric knowledge. The importance of educational objectives, test specifications, piloting the test, and item analyses is emphasized. The process is time-consuming, and the authors examine the advantages of this approach in terms of its costs.
Detection of cerebrospinal fluid leak by dual-isotope spect with In-111 DTPA and Tc-99m HMDP.
Authors: Atsutaka Okizaki, Noriyuki Shuke, Tamio Aburano, Kiyotaka Hashizume, Hirofumi Nakai, Tatsuya Tanaka
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

OKIZAKI, ATSUTAKA M.D.*; SHUKE, NORIYUKI M.D.*; ABURANO, TAMIO M.D.*; HASHIZUME, KIYOTAKA M.D.†; NAKAI, HIROFUMI M.D.†; TANAKA, TATSUYA M.D.† Author Information
Psychotherapy with Mexican-American patients
Authors: E G Sanchez, P C Mohl
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The authors sought to determine whether 20 years of cultural change have altered the clinical lore and earlier findings that Mexican-Americans are more resistant to psychotherapy than other ethnic groups and less likely to be referred for it.All charts of patients seen on a university hospital psychotherapy service since its inception in 1979 were reviewed in three separate studies. The charts of all cases closed as of 1984, the charts of all active patients during 1985, and the charts of all patients screened for therapy in 1986 were included. Ethnic background, age, sex, education, income, treatment modality recommended, duration of therapy, and outcome (interrupted versus completed therapy) were recorded for each patient.There were minor significant differences between the Mexican-American patients and the Anglo-American patients in age and education. No other significant differences were found.Because of cultural change, altered psychiatric perspectives, and/or the effects of socioeconomic status as a confounding variable in previous studies, the accepted clinical lore and earlier findings about psychotherapy with Mexican-Americans may no longer apply.
Image Analysis–based Assessment of PD-L1 and Tumor-Associated Immune Cells Density Supports Distinct Intratumoral Microenvironment Groups in Non–small Cell Lung Carcinoma Patients
Authors: Edwin R. Parra, Carmen Behrens, Jaime Rodriguez-Canales, Heather Lin, Barbara Mino, Jorge Blando, Jianjun Zhang, Don L. Gibbons, John V. Heymach, Boris Sepesi, Stephen G. Swisher, Annikka Weissferdt, Neda Kalhor, Julie Izzo, Humam Kadara, Cesar Moran, Jack J. Lee, Ignacio I. Wistuba
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: We investigated the correlation between immunohistochemical PD-L1 expression and tumor-associated immune cells (TAICs) density in non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and correlated them with clinicopathologic variables. Experimental Design: Tumor tissue specimens from 254 stage I–III NSCLCs [146 adenocarcinomas; 108 squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)] were examined. PD-L1 expression in malignant cells and macrophages and the density of TAICs expressing CD3, CD4, CD8, CD57, granzyme B, CD45RO, PD-1, FOXP3, and CD68 were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results: Malignant cells PD-L1 H-score &amp;gt; 5 was detected in 23% of adenocarcinomas and 31% of SCCs, and no significant differences were detected comparing both histologies; the median H-score in macrophages was significantly higher in SCC than in adenocarcinoma (P &amp;lt; 0.001). In adenocarcinoma, high malignant cells PD-L1 expression and high TAIC density correlated with solid histology, smoking history, and airflow limitation. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that high CD57-positive cell density correlated with better recurrence-free survival (RFS; P = 0.0236; HR, 0.457) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.0261; HR, 0.481) rates for SCC. High CD68-positive cell density in intratumoral compartment correlated with better RFS (P = 0.0436; HR, 0.553) for adenocarcinoma. The combination of low CD4/CD8/C68-positive cell density and PD-L1 H-score &amp;gt;5 in malignant cells identified small subset of adenocarcinomas with worse outcomes (RFS: P = 0.036; HR, 4.299; OS: P = 0.00034; HR, 5.632). Conclusions: We detected different PD-L1 expression and TAIC density patterns in NSCLC. Distinct groups of tumor microenvironment correlated with NSCLC clinicopathologic features, including outcome. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6278–89. ©2016 AACR.
Effect of Quinidine and Quinine on Nitrogen and Electrolyte Balance (Protein Anabolic Effect) and on Glucose Utilization
Authors: R P HOWARD, H A ELLS, R H FURMAN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Francesco Burberi, Maddalena Bruscoli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: Wechsler (June 2 issue)(1) presents a case vignette of an 81-year-old patient who arrived in the emergency department after the apparent onset of a major left hemispheric ischemic stroke about an hour earlier. After the diagnosis was confirmed on imaging, therapy with intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) was initiated. Timely recanalization of the occluded artery is the only effective treatment for acute ischemic stroke (i.e., time is brain). Intravenous thrombolytic therapy is approved by the Food and Drug Administration in such patients. However, the effectiveness of such therapy in large and midsize arteries is limited, and . .