tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-014 Anti-TNF withdrawal in IBD Remission: Relapse, Restart and Outcomes
Authors: I Parisi, R Vega, S McCartney, S Bloom
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anti-TNFs are effective agents in inducing and maintaining remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the optimal duration of treatment is still a matter of debate. It has been described that approximately 50% of patients who discontinue biologics while in remission will relapse and this proportion may be increasing with time. Risk factors for relapse have been identified but these do not seem repeatable in all studies<sup>1-2</sup>. The aim of this study was to capture relapse rates in IBD patients in remission post anti-TNF withdrawal in a real life cohort and to identify predictors of relapse or ‘early’ relapse (≤ 1 year). <h3>Methods</h3> All patients who achieved clinical remission (defined as a Harvey-Bradshaw score &lt;5) on anti-TNFs for ≥1 year and discontinued biologics were included in the study. Retrospective data regarding patients’ demographics, medical history and course of disease were retrieved and patients were prospectively followed up post anti-TNF discontinuation. Potential risk factors for relapse as well as all laboratory, endoscopic and imaging data were recorded. Univariate analysis used t-test for parametric and Mann-Whitney for non-parametric continuous variables, while logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. <h3>Results</h3> 42 patients discontinued anti-TNFs on clinical remission between 2002–2014. All but two had Crohn’s disease. Mean duration of anti-TNF treatment prior to discontinuation was 3.5±2 years (range 1–11). Follow up period of the study was 36±28 months. Prior to withdrawal 24 patients (57%) had a colonoscopy (confirming endoscopic and histologic remission), 22 (52%) had imaging of their small bowel and 10 (24%) had a faecal calprotectin (FC, mean value 33±21, range 0–70). 28 patients (67%) relapsed post anti-TNF discontinuation, most of them within the first year post withdrawal (n = 16). Out of several factors that were univariately associated with higher rates of relapse (no calprotectin measurement prior withdrawal p = 0.042, younger age at diagnosis p = 0.026, male gender p = 0.023, absence of stricturing/ penetrating disease p = 0.048, concomitant immunomodulators p=NS) only not requesting a calprotectin prior withdrawal predicted higher rates of relapse in multivariate analysis (p = 0.036, OR 8.839, 95% CI 1.159–67.438). 23/28 (82%) re-started anti-TNF on relapse, 90% of whom optimally responded on re-initiation. 24 (60%) patients were in clinical remission at three years post withdrawal. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A normal FC in IBD remission can guide decision on stopping anti-TNF therapy. Rates of relapse in our cohort were higher than in published literature but were not associated with worse overall outcomes as majority of patients responded well on drug re-initiation. <h3>References</h3> 1 Molander, <i>et al. Inflamm Bowel Dis</i> 2014 Jun;<b>20</b>(6):1021–8. 2 Louis, <i>et al. Gastroenterology</i> 2012;<b>142</b>:63–70. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Biochemical and Cellular Characterization of the Novel Proteasome Inhibitor PR-171.
Authors: Susan D. Demo, Tonia J. Buchholz, Guy J. Laidig, Francesco Parlati, Kevin D. Shenk, Mark S. Smyth, Carol M. Sullivan, Congcong M. Sun, Marcy K. Vallone, Tina Woo, Mark K. Bennett
Journal: Blood (2005)
SNP Array Genotyping Reveals Constitutional and Mosaic Losses of Ribosomal Protein Gene Regions In Patients with Diamond Blackfan Anemia without Ribosomal Protein Gene Mutations.
Authors: Jason E. Farrar, Adrianna Vlachos, Eva Atsidaftos, Hannah Carlson-Donohoe, Steven R. Ellis, Thomas C. Markello, Robert J. Arceci, Jeffrey M. Lipton, David M. Bodine
Journal: Blood (2010)
Firearm Laws and Firearm Homicides
Authors: Lois K. Lee, Eric W. Fleegler, Caitlin Farrell, Elorm Avakame, Saranya Srinivasan, David Hemenway, Michael C. Monuteaux
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Firearm homicide is a leading cause of injury death in the United States, and there is considerable debate over the effectiveness of firearm policies. An analysis of the effectiveness of firearm laws on firearm homicide is important to understand optimal policies to decrease firearm homicide in the United States.To evaluate the association between firearm laws and preventing firearm homicides in the United States.We evaluated peer-reviewed articles from 1970 to 2016 focusing on the association between US firearm laws and firearm homicide. We searched PubMed, CINAHL, Lexis/Nexis, Sociological Abstracts, Academic Search Premier, the Index to Legal Periodicals and Books, and the references from the assembled articles. We divided laws into 5 categories: those that (1) curb gun trafficking, (2) strengthen background checks, (3) improve child safety, (4) ban military-style assault weapons, and (5) restrict firearms in public places and leniency in firearm carrying. The articles were assessed using the standardized Guide to Community Preventive Services data collection instrument and 5 additional quality metrics: (1) appropriate data source(s) and outcome measure(s) were used for the study, (2) the time frame studied was adequate, (3) appropriate statistical tests were used, (4) the analytic results were robust, and (5) the disaggregated results of control variables were consistent with the literature.In the aggregate, stronger gun policies were associated with decreased rates of firearm homicide, even after adjusting for demographic and sociologic factors. Laws that strengthen background checks and permit-to-purchase seemed to decrease firearm homicide rates. Specific laws directed at firearm trafficking, improving child safety, or the banning of military-style assault weapons were not associated with changes in firearm homicide rates. The evidence for laws restricting guns in public places and leniency in gun carrying was mixed.The strength of firearm legislation in general, and laws related to strengthening background checks and permit-to-purchase in particular, is associated with decreased firearm homicide rates. High-quality research is important to further evaluate the effectiveness of these laws. Legislation is just 1 part of a multipronged approach that will be necessary to decrease firearm homicides in the United States.
Misinterpretations of the ‘p value’: a brief primer for academic sports medicine
Authors: Steven D Stovitz, Evert Verhagen, Ian Shrier
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

When comparing treatment groups, the p value is a statistical measure that summarises the chance (‘p’ for probability) that one would obtain the observed result (or more extreme), if and only if, the treatment is ineffective (ie, under the assumption of the ‘null’ hypothesis). The p value does not tell us the probability that the null hypothesis is true.1 This editorial discusses how some common misinterpretations of the p value may impact sports medicine research. Although presented from a treatment standpoint, the same principles hold for causes or prevention.

p Values are probabilities, yet often interpreted based on a categorical cut-off, generally at the level of 0.05 (ie, 5%). Anything below is considered a ‘statistically significant difference’ and vice versa. However, one would not change a decision to buy a lottery ticket if the chance of winning was 4.9% (p=0.049i) instead of 5.1% (p=0.051). Consider a study where 100 participants who were given an injury prevention programme had six injuries, and 100 participants …
SP0115 MRI of Inflammatory Diseases of Vessels and Muscles – How To Apply, Including Case Stories
Authors: I. Eshed
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

A variety of diagnostic imaging techniques have made the non-invasive evaluation of skeletal muscles and vessels in inflammatory diseases possible. The standard imaging methods for muscle evaluation are US, MRI and scintigraphy while for vessel imaging conventional angiography as well as CT angiography and PET-CT play an important role. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is especially sensitive in the diagnosis of muscle disorders and injury and has proved to be useful in determining the extent of inflammatory disease, in directing interventions, and in monitoring the response to therapies. Thus, the current imaging indications for muscles include: diagnosis, assessment of disease burden (localization) and biopsy site selection. Several experimental techniques are used nowadays for further muscle evaluation including spectroscopy (metabolic imaging), BOLD imaging (perfusion and oxygenation) and diffusion tensor imaging DTI (DTI; muscle function-structure relationship). In vessel imaging, CT, MRI and conventional angiography help in the anatomic evaluation of disease including the evaluation of disease distribution, vessel stenosis, wall thickening (CT and MRI only) and end organ damage. MRI and FDG-PET-CT add valuable information regarding active inflammation including detection of wall edema, delayed wall enhancement and high glucose metabolic activity. The basics of MR muscle and vessel imaging as well as the more advanced imaging techniques will be presented along with some case stories. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Combined Inhibition of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) Isoform α and δ By the Pan-Class I PI3K Inhibitor SAR245409 (XL765) in Primary Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells Blocks Survival, Adhesion and Proliferation
Authors: Rachel Thijssen, Gregor van Bochove, Martin FM de Rooij, Johanna ter Burg, Marcel Spaargaren, Coumaran Egile, Marie Jose Kersten, Eric Eldering, Arnon P. Kater
Journal: Blood (2014)
Genes and Proteins Associated with the Tumor Microenvironment Are Differentially Expressed in Cured Versus Primary Chemotherapy-Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.
Authors: Johan Linderoth, Patrik Edén, Mats Ehinger, Jeanette Valcich, Mats Jerkeman, Pär-Ola Bendahl, Mattias Berglund, Gunilla Enblad, Martin Erlanson, Göran Roos, Eva Cavallin-Ståhl
Journal: Blood (2007)
PTH-131 Current Gastroenterology Teaching in UK Medical Schools: A BSG Survey
Authors: VTF Cheung, GJ Johnson
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Little is known about undergraduate gastroenterology teaching in the UK. This project aims to inform how the BSG could assist with undergraduate teaching, and ultimately inspire future doctors to choose a career in gastroenterology. <h3>Methods</h3> A survey of 27 questions related to undergraduate gastroenterology training was compiled on surveymonkey.com. It was disseminated via the BSG newsletter and through emails to gastroenterology champions involved in undergraduate teaching. In 10 weeks, 91 representatives from 26 medical schools filled out the survey. <h3>Results</h3> Students per year group ranged from 30–400. 49% had an integrated curriculum, 44% had traditional (preclinical then clinical) and 7% unsure. 43% medical students undertook at least one block on a gastroenterology/hepatology firm, 43% didn’t and 14% unsure. Gastroenterology blocks lasted between 1 to 10 weeks, were usually undertaken from year 3 onwards and some medical schools had them in several years. Only 13% mandated a minimum number of observed procedures- on average OGD 2, colonoscopy 1, liver biopsy 4 and US/CT 4. Gastroenterology training took place in: Primary care 26% Secondary care (wards) 95% Secondary care (clinics) 95% Secondary care (endoscopy) 72% Others (clinical skills lab/seminars) 30% There were extra-curricular opportunities for gastroenterology training- Electives 76%, SSMs 81, BSc 35% and others (Research project, MSc) 16%. Was gastroenterology training integrated with surgical training? Yes 37% No 58% Unsure 5% 88% responded that there was a copy of the Gastroenterology syllabus/set of learning objectives within the MBBS curriculum and of those, 91% had read them. Knowledge of gastroenterology was usually assessed with combination of OSCEs, knowledge based exams (SBA/MCQs) and medical finals. Asked in what year, gastroenterology is assessed: 1 3% 2 3% 3 15% 4 6% 5 or 6 (final) 18% All years 29% Mixture of years 26% Did the medical school have a student gastroenterology society? Yes 11% No 63% Unsure 26% Only 60% were willing to send out a questionnaire to their medical students. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Some students did not have a dedicated gastroenterology block and some blocks were only for 1 week. It is unclear whether this is sufficient time to build up an interest in gastroenterology so this is an area where the BSG can assist in developing gastroenterology training. There were questions skipped by doctors completing the survey, reflecting the fact that they may not be aware of the specifics of curriculum development. This emphasises the importance of involving these trainers in curriculum development at a university level if change is to happen. Some respondents expressed an interest in how to start a student gastroenterology society and this may be an avenue for BSG to develop links and attract students towards a career in gastroenterology. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Impacts of ABO-Blood Type Incompatibility on Outcome of Unrelated Bone Marrow Transplantation through the Japan Marrow Donor Program.
Authors: Fumihiko Kimura, Ken Sato, Shinichi Kobayashi, Takashi Ikeda, Hiroki Torikai, Yukiko Ohsawa, Hitoshi Ohto, Makoto Hirokawa, Kazuo Motoyoshi
Journal: Blood (2006)
Abnormal Expression of TRAF Adapter Proteins in Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinemia.
Authors: Xavier Leleu, Lian Xu, Zachary R. Hunter, Anne-Sophie Moreau, Xiaoying Jia, Garrett O’Sullivan, Vinod Bakthavachalam, Allen W. Ho, Evdoxia Hatjiharissi, Hai T. N’Go, Daniel D. Santos, Kelly O’Connor, Robert Manning, Jacob Soumerai, Christopher Patterson, Irene M. Ghobrial, Steven P. Treon
Journal: Blood (2006)
Magnetic Ressonance Image T2* for the Evaluation of Iron Overload in Patients with Hereditary Hemochromatosis. A New Guide for the Indication of Therapeutic Phlebotomies.
Authors: Nelson Hamerschlak, Laercio Rosemberg, Alexandre Parma, Frederico R. Moreira, Assir F. Fernanda, Kutner M. Jose, Ribeiro A. Andreza, Funari B. Marcelo
Journal: Blood (2005)
Prospective Comparison on Cardiac Iron and Liver Iron by MR In Thalassemia Major Patients Treated with Combination Deferipron–Desferrioxamine Versus Deferipron and Desferrioxamine In Monoterapy
Authors: Alessia Pepe, Giuseppe Rossi, Antonella Meloni, Dell'Amico Maria Chiara, Marcello Capra, incenzo Caruso, Lorella Pitrolo, Michele Centra, Pasquale Pepe, Eliana Cracolici, Lucia De Franceschi, Massimo Lombardi, Paolo Ricchi
Journal: Blood (2010)
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of a submucosal right colon lesion
Authors: Raffaele Salerno, Giorgio Gherardi, Emanuela Paternò, Sandro Ardizzone
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A novel endoscopic full-thickness resection device (Ovesco Endoscopy, Tübingen, Germany) has been developed based on the combination of an over-the-scope clip with an enlarged resection cap (21 mm) and a snare preloaded in the distal rim of the cap [1] [2]. We report the case of a 53-year-old woman with a history of abdominal panniculitis with fat necrosis and perivasculitis with giant cell histiocytosis. She complained of weight loss, abdominal pain, and fever.
TEL/AML1 Rearrangement Is Rare in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Down Syndrome (DS). Presenting Features and Treatment Outcome in the Experience of the Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica (AIEOP).
Authors: Maurizio Arico, Ottavio Ziino, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, Giovanni Cazzaniga, Carmelo Rizzari, Elena Barisone, Andrea Biondi, Fiorina Casale, Franco Locatelli, Luca Lo Nigro, Matteo Luciani, Chiara Messina, Concetta Micalizzi, Rosanna Parasole, Andrea Pession, Nicola Santoro, Anna Maria Testi, Daniela Silvestri, Giuseppe Basso, Giuseppe Masera, Valentino Conter
Journal: Blood (2007)
PTU-101 The Introduction of a Pathway Featuring the use of Nasal Bridles Improves Outcomes Following Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy Insertion Amongst an Elderly Cohort
Authors: M Stammers, E Murphy, T Nicholas, K Hedges
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes are associated with complications and excess mortality if mistimed or inserted inappropriately. A 2008 anonymised NCEPOD review highlighted a very high mortality rate of 43% at one week post-insertion.<sup>1</sup> The aim of this study was to see if the introduction of a new pathway, featuring the use of nasal bridles, could improve PEG related outcomes amongst inpatients at SRH - a hospital where &gt;25% of inpatients are over 75. <h3>Methods</h3> Nasal bridles for nasogastric (NG) tubes and a new multi-disciplinary pathway were introduced at SRH: May-Sept 2014. In Dec-2015 the notes for all inpatients receiving a PEG tube were reviewed. <b><i>Group 1</i></b> – patients receiving PEG tube the year before the changes: [May 2013 – May 2014].<i><b>Group 2</b>, </i>the year after: [Sept 2014 – Sept 2015]. Prior modes of feeding and outcomes were analysed: <i>1’outcome</i>: 30 day mortality.<i> 2’outcomes</i>: major complications; length of stay. <h3>Results</h3> 58 inpatients received a PEG tube during the study period. Full records were unavailable for 2 from each group. Of the 54 remaining: 27 were male, 27 female; mean age: 76 (range: 34–95). <b><i>Group 1: </i></b>29 patients (53.7%); None received a bridle or parenteral nutrition. 27.6% of patients multiply failed conventional NG progressing straight to PEG - mean age of subgroup: 85 (range: 76–93). <i>1’outcome:</i>30 day mortality - <b>27.6%.</b><i>2’outcomes:</i> two suffered a major complication (intra-abdominal sepsis); mean length of stay was 61 days. <b><i>Group 2:</i></b>25 patients (46.3%); No patients received parenteral nutrition but 36% of patients received a nasal bridle prior to PEG - the mean age of this sub-group was 82 (range: 78–95). The mean delay from placement of bridle to PEG tube insertion was 26.5 days. <i>1’outcome outcomes: </i>30 day mortality - <b>12%.</b><i>2’outcomes:</i> there were no major complications and the mean length of stay was 51 days. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Decisions regarding the timing of PEG tube insertion are fraught with difficulty. The changes have greatly improved outcomes following PEG tube insertion locally. We, the authors, feel this is primarily because: 1) amongst a very elderly subgroup, nasal bridles helped to appropriately delay PEG tube insertion until nutrition was optimised; 2) the protocol served to improve communication between healthcare professionals preventing inappropriate PEG insertion. The changes were inexpensive but also contributed to saving the hospital up to 250 excess bed days, worth over £70,000. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Johnston SD, <i>et al</i>. Death after PEG: results of the national confidential enquiry into patient outcome and death. <i>Gastrointest Endosc</i>. 2008 Aug;<b>68</b>:223–7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Characterization of CD34+ Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells in JAK2V617F and Calr-mutated Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Anna Angona, Alberto Alvarez, Raquel Longarón, Laura Camacho, Concepción Fernández, Silvia Pairet, Luz Martinez, Agueda Ancochea, Alicia Senin, Beatriz Bellosillo, Carlos Besses
Journal: Blood (2014)
Lesinurad in combination with allopurinol: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with gout with inadequate response to standard of care (the multinational CLEAR 2 study)
Authors: Thomas Bardin, Robert T Keenan, Puja P Khanna, Jeff Kopicko, Maple Fung, Nihar Bhakta, Scott Adler, Chris Storgard, Scott Baumgartner, Alexander So
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Determine the efficacy and safety of daily lesinurad (200 or 400 mg orally) added to allopurinol in patients with serum uric acid (sUA) above target in a 12-month, randomised, phase III trial.Patients on allopurinol ≥300 mg (≥200 mg in moderate renal impairment) had sUA level of ≥6.5 mg/dL (≥387 µmol/L) at screening and two or more gout flares in the prior year. Primary end point was the proportion of patients achieving sUA level of <6.0 mg/dL (<357 µmol/L) (month 6). Key secondary end points were mean gout flare rate requiring treatment (months 7 through 12) and proportions of patients with complete resolution of one or more target tophi (month 12). Safety assessments included adverse events and laboratory data.Patients (n=610) were predominantly male, with mean (±SD) age 51.2±10.90 years, gout duration 11.5±9.26 years and baseline sUA of 6.9±1.2 mg/dL (410±71 µmol/L). Lesinurad at 200 and 400 mg doses, added to allopurinol, significantly increased proportions of patients achieving sUA target versus allopurinol-alone therapy by month 6 (55.4%, 66.5% and 23.3%, respectively, p<0.0001 both lesinurad+allopurinol groups). In key secondary end points, there were no statistically significant treatment-group differences favouring lesinurad. Lesinurad was generally well tolerated; the 200 mg dose had a safety profile comparable with allopurinol-alone therapy. Renal-related adverse events occurred in 5.9% of lesinurad 200 mg+allopurinol, 15.0% of lesinurad 400 mg+allopurinol and 4.9% of allopurinol-alone groups, with serum creatinine elevation of ≥1.5× baseline in 5.9%, 15.0% and 3.4%, respectively. Serious treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 4.4% of lesinurad 200 mg+allopurinol, in 9.5% of lesinurad 400 mg+allopurinol and in 3.9% of allopurinol-alone groups, respectively.Lesinurad added to allopurinol demonstrated superior sUA lowering versus allopurinol-alone therapy and lesinurad 200 mg was generally well tolerated in patients with gout warranting additional therapy.NCT01493531.
Validation of a Pretransplantation Assessment of Mortality (PAM) Score for Predicting Risk of Death in the First Two Years after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in a Tertiary Transplant Center.
Authors: Akhil Chopra, Nina D’Abreo, Gayathri Nagaraj, Raid Aljumaily, Michael Styler, David Topolsky, Pamela Crilley, Edward Gracely
Journal: Blood (2007)
Proteasome Inhibitor-Adapted Myeloma Cells That Lack Proteasome Gene Mutations Resist Highly Efficient Proteasome Inhibition and Show Proteomic Alterations That Suggest Complex Metabolic Changes
Authors: Lenka Besse, Guillem Soriano, Nan Li, Andrej Besse, Marianne Kraus, Juergen Bader, Tobias Christian Silzle, Nico Meeuwenoord, Hans den Dulk, Herman S Overkleeft, Bogdan Florea, Christoph Driessen
Journal: Blood (2015)
The Telomerase Inhibitor RHPS4 Induces Telomere Shortening, DNA-Damage and Cell Death in AML Cells and Chemosensitises Cells to Daunorubicin.
Authors: Monica Pallis, Dotun Ojo, Jaineeta Richardson, John Ronan, Malcolm Stevens, Nigel H. Russell, Claire Seedhouse
Journal: Blood (2009)
HLA-DR Protein Expression Correlates with Non-Neoplastic T-Cell Infiltration and Predicts Survival in Patients with Primary Mediastinal Large B Cell Lymphoma (PMBCL) Treated with CHOP Chemotherapy.
Authors: Pedro Farinha, Christian Steidl, Lisa M. Rimsza, Kerry J. Savage, Joseph M. Connors, Randy D. Gascoyne
Journal: Blood (2009)
Final Report of Bendamustine and Alemtuzumab (BEN CAM) Combination in Relapsed and Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.
Authors: Alessandra Tedeschi, Davide Rossi, Marta Coscia, Eleonora Vismara, Valeria Belsito Petrizzi, Ester Orlandi, Nicola Cascavilla, Lydia Scarfò, Marina Motta, Candida Vitale, Francesca Ricci, Lorenzo De Paoli, Alfonso Maria D'Arco, Andrea Gallamini, Gianluca Gaidano, Enrica Morra, Massimo Massaia, Marco Montillo
Journal: Blood (2012)