tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BMA warns of "private sector kicking GPs out of their surgeries"
Authors: H. Mooney
Journal: BMJ (2012)

GPs are being warned to prepare for higher costs and uncertainty over their surgery premises and the legal status of their leases.

After the Department of Health’s announcement last month that it would set up a government owned company responsible for owning and managing the estate of the primary care trusts after the organisations are abolished in April 2013, local medical committees and the BMA are warning GPs to ensure that their property documentation is up to date.

They are concerned that the establishment of the new company, NHS Property Services, could mean that new landlords take a much more commercial view of the use of GP premises. The company will take over more than 150 properties in …
Analysis of 462 Transplantations from Unrelated Donors Facilitated by the National Marrow Donor Program
Authors: Nancy A. Kernan, Glenn Bartsch, Robert C. Ash, Patrick G. Beatty, Richard Champlin, Alexandra Filipovich, James Gajewski, John A. Hansen, Jean Henslee-Downey, Jeffrey McCullough, Philip McGlave, Herbert A. Perkins, Gordon L. Phillips, Jean Sanders, David Stroncek, E. Donnall Thomas, Karl G. Blume
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is curative in a substantial number of patients with hematologic cancers, marrow-failure disorders, immunodeficiency syndromes, and certain metabolic diseases. Unfortunately, only 25 to 30 percent of potential recipients have HLA-identical siblings who can act as donors. In 1986 the National Marrow Donor Program was created in the United States to facilitate the finding and procurement of suitable marrow from unrelated donors for patients lacking related donors.During the first four years of the program, 462 patients with acquired and congenital lymphohematopoietic disorders or metabolic diseases received marrow transplants from unrelated donors. The probability of engraftment by 100 days after transplantation was 94 percent, although 8 percent of patients later had secondary graft failure. The probability of grade II, III, or IV acute graft-versus-host disease was 64 percent, and the probability of chronic graft-versus-host disease at one year was 55 percent. The rate of disease-free survival at two years among patients with leukemia and good prognostic factors was 40 percent and among patients at higher risk, 19 percent. Twenty-nine percent of the patients with aplastic anemia were alive at two years, and the rate of two-year disease-free survival among patients with myelodysplasia was 18 percent. For patients with congenital immunologic or nonimmunologic disorders, the probability of survival was 52 percent.The National Marrow Donor Program has benefited a substantial number of patients in need of marrow transplants from closely HLA-matched unrelated donors and has facilitated the recruitment of unrelated donors into the donor pool and the access to suitable marrow.
MEP proposes tighter tests on potentially risky medical devices
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A German Socialist member of the European parliament is leading moves to introduce more stringent market authorisation procedures in the European Union on medical devices that present the highest potential risks to patients. Dagmar Roth-Behrendt is proposing that class III (the highest risk category) innovative devices be subject to a centralised approval procedure administered by the European Medicines Agency.

The initiative comes as the EU updates its existing 20 year old regulatory framework for medical devices. This task has become more urgent after the discovery last year of defective silicone gel breast implants manufactured by the French company Poly Implant Prothese (PIP). …
Pneumonia Caused by Tetracycline-Resistant Pneumococci
Authors: Russell W. Sghaedler, Purnell W. Choppin, John B. Zabriskie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

ALTHOUGH penicillin is the drug of choice in the treatment of pneumococcal infections these infections usually respond well to early and adequate therapy with tetracycline.1 Tetracycline is now prescribed frequently for suspected pneumococcal pneumonia, especially in the cases in which rapid bacteriologie diagnosis is not available or in which the patient is unable to tolerate penicillin.We report here the isolation, from 2 patients, of pneumococci exhibiting high levels of resistance to tetracycline in vitro. One of these patients acquired classic pneumococcal pneumonia while on tetracycline therapy.Case ReportIn February, 1963, a tetracycline-resistant Type 14 pneumococcus was isolated . . .
FRI0431 Prevalence of extra-articular manifestations in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis
Authors: C. Stolwijk, A. van Tubergen, J. D. Castillo-Ortiz, A. Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Uveitis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are common extra-articular manifestations (EAMs) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS); however, summary data of reported prevalence rates are lacking. <h3>Objectives</h3> To systematically review the published literature on the prevalence of the common EAMs among patients with AS and to explore sources of heterogeneity. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature search was performed (Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library). Risk of bias was assessed. Crude and pooled prevalence rates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Potential sources of any observed clinical or methodological heterogeneity in the estimates were explored by subgroup- and meta-regression analysis, including disease duration, percentage of HLA-B27 positive patients, geographic area, sampling frame of patients and method of ascertainment of the EAMs. <h3>Results</h3> From the 156 selected articles, 143 reported the prevalence of uveitis (44372 patients), 56 of psoriasis (27626 patients) and 69 of IBD (30410 patients). Substantial heterogeneity was observed in prevalence estimates among all EAMs (I<sup>2</sup>=84-95%). The pooled prevalence rate of uveitis was 25.9% (95% CI 24.2-27.7), and was significantly associated with disease duration (increasing from 17.6% in studies including patients with a mean disease duration &lt;10 years to 31.6% in those with a duration &gt;20 years); geographic area (highest in studies from Europe (29.4%) and North-America (35.3%) and lower in studies from Asia (21.0%) and Latin-America (20.2%)); and method of ascertainment (highest for self-report (35.9%)). In the final multivariable model, disease duration (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.05-1.08) and geographic area remained significantly associated with the prevalence of uveitis. The pooled prevalence rate of psoriasis was 9.3% (95% CI 8.1-10.6) and was in uni- and multivariable analysis only associated with geographic area, with highest rates in studies from Europe (10.9%) and lowest rates in studies from Asia (3.7%) and the Middle-East (4.2%). The pooled prevalence rate of IBD was 6.8% (95% CI 6.1-7.7) and was significantly associated with the proportion of females in the studies (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03) and geographic area (highest prevalence in Latin-America (9.6%) and lowest in Asia (2.9%)). <h3>Conclusions</h3> EAMs are common in patients with AS but reported prevalence rates are dependent on clinical- and methodological characteristics of the studies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Frankenstein: or, The Modern Prometheus
Authors: Ross Camidge
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Try to put all images of crackling Van de Graaff generators and lumbering, moaning, bolt necked monsters from your mind. Nearly 200 years of oversimplification and spoofs have completely overshadowed the original version of this tale, first published in 1818. So let's set the record straight. While still a student of natural philosophy Victor Frankenstein had an epiphany—although its precise nature is never revealed. Through studying death and decay he discovers “the cause of generation and life,” becoming himself “capable of bestowing animation on lifeless matter.” Although now this would probably first be demonstrated on nematodes, then drosophila, Frankenstein goes straight for the big one: creating …
The relationships between FACT-Fatigue (FACT-F) scores and physical function (PF) in patients (pts) with chemotherapy-induced anemia treated with darbepoetin alfa (DA)
Authors: D. Cella, W. Evans, J. Wallace, J. Kallich, D. Blayney, S. Vadhan-Raj
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8062 Background: Anemia-related fatigue in pts undergoing chemotherapy has been shown to decrease health-related quality of life and possibly impair PF. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the relationships between treatment with darbepoetin alfa (DA; Aranesp®), FACT-F, and self-reported PF. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥ 18 yrs, anemic (hemoglobin ≤ 11.0 g/dL) with nonmyeloid malignancies in this open-label study of DA 3.0 mcg/kg every 2 weeks (n=1558). Pts completed the FACT-F and 5 PF questions (climbing several flights of stairs, climbing 1 flight of stairs, walking > 1 mile, walking several blocks, walking 1 block) at baseline (BL), week 9, and week 17. PF was categorized as 0–3, not limited; 4–6, somewhat limited; and 7–10, very limited. FACT-F scores range from 0 - 52 with higher scores indicating less fatigue. Results: Results for all 5 PF questions showed similar trends as shown for the question about climbing stairs (table). Across all 3 time periods, the majority (66–88%) of the patients whose FACT-F scores were worse than 25 reported being very limited in their ability to climb stairs. Only 4–28% of those patients whose scores were better than 34 reported being very limited. Both fatigue and PF improved over time in the observed cohort and the relationship between fatigue and PF was stable. Conclusions: Fatigue and PF improved over the 17 weeks of DA therapy and a consistent relationship between FACT-F and PF was maintained. These results suggest that the FACT-F maybe useful to estimate the degree to which fatigue impairs meaningful physical functioning. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Amgen Amgen Amgen Amgen Amgen
NON-TRANSFEMORAL TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION: RESULTS FROM THE FRENCH-AMERICAN REGISTRY
Authors: Magdalena Murman, Abdulla Damluji, Mauro Moscucci, Roger Carrillo, Donald Williams, Alan Heldman, Eduardo De Marchena, Claudia Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Mauricio Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 4102: FAT1: A novel regulator of cancer and inflammation.
Authors: Bhawana Dikshit, Parthaprasad Chattopadhyay, Subrata Sinha, Kunzang Chosdol
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract FAT1, a member of cadherin superfamily is a large trans-membrane protein with 34 cadherin repeats. FAT1 was originally identified as a tumor suppressor gene in Drosophila but its role in human cancers is just beginning to unfold. Considering its tumor suppressive role in Drosophila, few studies have reported similar function of FAT1 in human cancers but on the contrary several studies have also demonstrated oncogenic role of FAT1. In this study we identified oncogenic role of FAT1 in human glioma where knockdown of FAT1 was found to inhibit migration and invasion of glial cells. Further investigation into molecular mechanism of FAT1 function revealed direct link to AP-1 mediated transcription via Programmed Cell Death 4 (PDCD4). Knockdown of FAT1 was found to inhibit AP-1 mediated transcription and expression of downstream target genes. AP-1 is a known mediator of cancer and inflammation and accordingly we found decreased expression of several pro-inflammatory markers like COX-2, cytokines like IL-6, IL-1β and chemokines like IL-8, MCP-1 and MIP-2 after FAT1 knockdown. Interestingly, the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was found to be increased after FAT1 knockdown. Moreover FAT1 expression was also found to positively correalate with COX-2 and IL-6 expression in primary GBM tumors. Thus, in this study FAT1 was found to act as an oncogene as well as to orchestrate the inflammatory milieu of the glioma cells by regulating AP-1 mediated transcription via PDCD4. Citation Format: Bhawana Dikshit, Parthaprasad Chattopadhyay, Subrata Sinha, Kunzang Chosdol. FAT1: A novel regulator of cancer and inflammation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4102. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4102
Incidental Diagnosis of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma by 11C-Choline PET/CT in a Patient With Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer
Authors: JR Garcia Garzon, Pere Bassa, Merce Moragas, Marina Soler, Eduard Riera
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The main indication for C-choline PET/CT in prostate cancer patients is the early localization of biochemical recurrence after radical treatment. However, any C-choline uptake should be assessed in terms of physiological distribution and patterns of tumor spread. Therefore, tracer-avid lesions in unexpected sites should be carefully addressed because the diagnosis of other malignancies has important therapeutic implications. We present a patient with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. C-choline PET/CT showed local recurrence and inguinal lymph node uptake. Because of its location beyond typically prostatic lymphatic spread, resection was performed. Histology confirmed a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Indium-111 Capromab Pendetide (ProstaScint) Uptake in a Meningioma
Authors: RYAN J. ZUCKER, YONG C. BRADLEY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas Received for publication October 4, 2000. Accepted November 6, 2000. The opinions contained herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the views of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the United States Government. Reprint requests: Yong C. Bradley, M.D., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, 3851 Roger Brooke Drive, San Antonio, Texas 78234-6200
1220 REVERSION OF OBESITY-INDUCED LIVER INFLAMMATION BY SPECIFIC BLOCKAGE OF CXCL12/CXCR4 SIGNALING IN OBESE MICE
Authors: H. Boujedidi, A. Cassard-Doulcier, F. Bachélerie, L. Bouchet-Delbos, S. Prévot, S. Naveau, D. Emilie, K. Balabanian, G. Perlemuter
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Health Insurance and Access to Primary Care for Children
Authors: Paul W. Newacheck, Jeffrey J. Stoddard, Dana C. Hughes, Michelle Pearl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Numerous studies have demonstrated that insurance status influences the amount of ambulatory care received by children, but few have assessed the role of insurance as a determinant of children's access to primary care. We studied the effect of health insurance on children's access to primary care.
Fomepizole for the Treatment of Methanol Poisoning
Authors: Jeffrey Brent, Kenneth McMartin, Scott Phillips, Cynthia Aaron, Ken Kulig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Methanol poisoning may result in metabolic acidosis, blindness, and death. The inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase is fundamental to the treatment of methanol poisoning. We performed a multicenter study to evaluate fomepizole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, in the treatment of patients with methanol poisoning.
PTU-232 Evaluating the role of capsule endoscopy in equivocal coeliac disease?: Abstract PTU-232 Table 1
Authors: M Kurien, K E Evans, R Sidhu, K Drew, M E McAlindon, D S Sanders
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Demonstration of villous atrophy (VA) on small bowel biopsy and positive serology (endomysial antibody (EMA) and/or tissue transglutaminase (tTG)) is the current gold standard for diagnosing coeliac disease. Difficulty in establishing the diagnosis may arise for several reasons. A minority may have antibody negative disease. Some individuals may have positive antibodies with histological changes that fall short of VA (Marsh Grade 1 and 2 [MG1-2]) or are unable to tolerate gastroscopy. In addition, not all VA seen is caused by coeliac disease. The aim of this study was to assess the value of capsule endoscopy (CE) in equivocal coeliac disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Data from all patients with equivocal coeliac disease who underwent CE between 2004 and 2011 in a tertiary gastroenterology department were analysed. Patients were subdivided into five main groups: Group 1—antibody negative VA; Group 2—MG1-2; Group 3—positive coeliac serology with normal duodenal biopsy; Group 4—miscellaneous including strong family history and non-gastrointestinal presentation of probable coeliac disease; Group 5—failed or refused gastroscopy. Demographic data, indication for CE, serology and histology were recorded prospectively. Videos were analysed by two experienced gastroenterologists blinded to the clinical data. Markers of coeliac disease such as scalloping, mosaic pattern and loss of folds were assessed. A diagnosis of coeliac disease was further supported by not only CE appearances but also combinations of HLA typing (DQ-2 or DQ-8), gluten challenge/response to a gluten free diet and in some cases repeat duodenal biopsy. <h3>Results</h3> 102 patients, 72 female, median age 49 years, (range 18–89 y) underwent CE. 17/102 (16%) had features of coeliac disease on CE, with a further three cases of Crohn9s disease identified (Abstract PTU-232 table 1). In patients with coeliac antibody negative VA, CE secures a diagnosis of coeliac or Crohn9s in 9/32 (28%) significantly more than in other groups where previous gastroscopy was undertaken (p=0.04). In 57% (4/7) of patients with positive coeliac serology who either failed or refused gastroscopy, CE helped establish the diagnosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CE may have a role in the assessment of patients with coeliac antibody negative VA and in antibody positive patients where previous gastroscopy has been refused or failed. Its routine use is not supported in other causes of “equivocal” coeliac disease. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Abstract B31: EZH2 suppresses the interferon-stimulated gene response in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: William D. Bradley, Chih-Chi Yuan, Feng Zhao, Christina Lee, Kaylyn E. Williamson, Shilpi Arora, Charlie Hatton, Barbara M. Bryant, Patrick Trojer
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Pharmacological inhibition of the histone lysine methyltransferase EZH2 has emerged as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), in particular for cases with mono-allelic mutations in the EZH2 catalytic domain. Potent, selective EZH2 small molecule inhibitors have achieved tumor regression in mutant EZH2-containing preclinical lymphoma models and several of these inhibitors are currently engaged in cancer-focused clinical trials. Here, we show that the presence of EZH2 mutations do not always confer EZH2 inhibitor sensitivity. We discovered that EZH2 is usurped by lymphoma cells to attenuate JAK/STAT signaling and to repress pro-apoptotic interferon response genes. EZH2 inhibition results in the broad induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in several phenotypically sensitive NHL cell models. In mutant EZH2-containing insensitive models, EZH2 inhibitors synergize specifically with type I interferons (IFNs) in vitro and in vivo to induce ISGs and apoptosis. The profound combinatorial activity of EZH2 inhibitors and type I IFNs is not restricted to NHL models with mutant EZH2 and, is preferentially observed in models that are not affected by either single agent. Molecular consequences of EZH2 inhibitor and type I IFN combinatorial treatment include STAT1 activation, binding of STAT transcription factor complexes to ISGs, reduction of H3K27me3 levels and increase of H3K4me3 levels at ISG transcriptional start sites, and ISG transcriptional activation. The molecular and anti-proliferative effects of the combination can be suppressed by inactivation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, by using the JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib. We suggest that EZH2 inhibitors can be therapeutically combined with type I IFNs for the treatment of NHL. Citation Format: William D. Bradley, Chih-Chi Yuan, Feng Zhao, Christina Lee, Kaylyn E. Williamson, Shilpi Arora, Charlie Hatton, Barbara M. Bryant, Patrick Trojer. EZH2 suppresses the interferon-stimulated gene response in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Sep 24-27, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B31.
Mechanisms of Response to Treatment in Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Terry Gernsheimer, John Stratton, Penny J. Ballem, Sherrill J. Slichter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

To determine the mechanisms of an increase in the platelet count after therapy for autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura, we determined the survival time and localization of Radio-labeled autologous platelets and measured platelet-associated immunoglobulin levels before and after prednisone therapy or splenectomy in 19 patients with the disease. Eleven of 12 patients (92 percent) responded to prednisone with a mean threefold increase in the platelet count, resulting from increased platelet production (P<0.005); platelet survival was unchanged. Treatment with steroids failed in only one patient, whose pretreatment platelet production was already above normal. After splenectomy, 6 of 10 patients had a mean four-fold rise in the platelet count that correlated with increased platelet survival (P<0.005), together with improved platelet recovery (the percentage of platelets circulating in the blood immediately after the injection). Platelet production was unchanged. Base-line 111In-labeled platelet localization in the liver was normal in five patients in whom splenectomy was effective and increased to above normal in two of three in whom it was ineffective. Total platelet localization in the liver and spleen decreased by more than half after successful splenectomy (P<0.001), whereas it decreased by less than 25 percent after unsuccessful splenectomy. Platelet-associated immunoglobulin levels neither predicted nor correlated with treatment responses to prednisone or splenectomy. We conclude that prednisone improves platelet counts primarily by increasing platelet production, whereas the effect of splenectomy is to prolong platelet survival. Base-line measurements of platelet turnover and of platelet localization in the liver may be helpful in predicting the response to prednisone or splenectomy, respectively. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:974–80.)