tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Drugs for Vaginal Trichomoniasis: Results of Comparative Study
Authors: D H CLARK, E SOLOMONS, S A SIEGAL
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Improved Survival With Prostate Radiation in Addition to Androgen Deprivation Therapy for Men With Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chad G. Rusthoven, Bernard L. Jones, Thomas W. Flaig, E. David Crawford, Matthew Koshy, David J. Sher, Usama Mahmood, Ronald C. Chen, Brian F. Chapin, Brian D. Kavanagh, Thomas J. Pugh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

There is growing interest in the role of local therapies, including external beam radiotherapy (RT), for men with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa). We used the National Cancer Database (NCDB) to evaluate the overall survival (OS) of men with mPCa treated with androgen deprivation (ADT) with and without prostate RT.The NCDB was queried for men with newly diagnosed mPCa, all treated with ADT, with complete datasets for RT, surgery, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, Gleason score, and Charlson-Deyo comorbidity score. OS was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, Cox proportional hazards models, and propensity score-matched analyses.From 2004 to 2012, 6,382 men with mPCa were identified, including 538 (8.4%) receiving prostate RT. At a median follow-up of 5.1 years, the addition of prostate RT to ADT was associated with improved OS on univariate (P < .001) and multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 0.624; 95% CI, 0.551 to 0.706; P < .001) adjusted for age, year, race, comorbidity score, PSA level, Gleason score, T stage, N stage, chemotherapy administration, treating facility, and insurance status. Propensity score analysis with matched baseline characteristics demonstrated superior median (55 v 37 months) and 5-year OS (49% v 33%) with prostate RT plus ADT compared with ADT alone (P < .001). Landmark analyses limited to long-term survivors of ≥1, ≥3, and ≥5 years demonstrated improved OS with prostate RT in all subsets (all P < .05). Secondary analyses comparing the survival outcomes for patients treated with therapeutic dose RT plus ADT versus prostatectomy plus ADT during the same time interval demonstrated no significant differences in OS, whereas both therapies were superior to ADT alone.In this large contemporary analysis, men with mPCa receiving prostate RT and ADT lived substantially longer than men treated with ADT alone. Prospective trials evaluating local therapies for mPCa are warranted.
David Oliver: Celebrating the expert generalist
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In 2011 the Royal College of General Practitioners led a commission on medical generalists.1 Definitions vary, but I like the response from the Medical Schools Council: “doctors prepared to deal with any problem presenting to them, unrestricted by particular body systems and including problems with psychological or social causes as well as physical ones.”2 The Royal College of Physicians has emphasised the key role of generalist training.3 4

Increasingly, patients have several long term and acute conditions simultaneously. They value personalised continuity and coordination, not piecemeal care by multiple medics.5 6 Medical generalism …
RESISTANCE TO CORTICOTROPIN, CORTISONE, AND FOLIC ACID ANTAGONISTS IN LEUKEMIA
Authors: E M K PILLERS, J H BURCHENAL, L P ELIEL, O H PEARSON
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
P-061 Real-world experiences of use of aflibercept in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer in the North-West of England
Authors: N. Flaum, R. Kurup, D. Tong, A. Alchawaf, S. Lau, A. Harle, R. Hajri, D. Williamson, G. Papaxoinos, S. Mullamitha
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Chronic Heart Failure and Inflammation
Authors: Sarah A. Dick, Slava Epelman
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

As a greater proportion of patients survive their initial cardiac insult, medical systems worldwide are being faced with an ever-growing need to understand the mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (HF). There is a wealth of information about the role of inflammatory cells and pathways during acute injury and the reparative processes that are subsequently activated. We discuss the different causes that lead to chronic HF development and how the sum of initial inflammatory and reparative responses only sets the trajectory for disease progression. Unfortunately, comparatively little is known about the contribution of the immune system once the trajectory has been set, and chronic HF has been established-which clinically represents the majority of patients. It is known that chronic HF is associated with circulating inflammatory cytokines that can predict clinical outcomes, yet the causative role inflammation plays in disease progression is not well defined, and the majority of clinical trials that target aspects of inflammation in patients with chronic HF have largely been negative. This review will present what is currently known about inflammation in chronic HF in both humans and animal models as a means to highlight the gap in our knowledge base that requires further examination.
Perceptions of parenting in childhood and social support in adulthood
Authors: G Parker, B Barnett
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

A group of primiparous women in Australia rated their parents' attitudes and behaviors toward them as children as well as perceived levels of social support shortly after the birth of their first child and 1 year later. After any bias that might have been introduced by neurotic perception of interpersonal relationships had been controlled for, analyses showed a consistent link over time between reports of perceived deficiencies in both maternal care during childhood and in the availability of close supportive relationships during adulthood. This study supports and extends findings from a 1986 U.S. study.
<i>BRAF</i> <i>V600E</i> Mutant Colorectal Cancer Subtypes Based on Gene Expression
Authors: David Barras, Edoardo Missiaglia, Pratyaksha Wirapati, Oliver M. Sieber, Robert N. Jorissen, Chris Love, Peter L. Molloy, Ian T. Jones, Stephen McLaughlin, Peter Gibbs, Justin Guinney, Iris M. Simon, Arnaud D. Roth, Fred T. Bosman, Sabine Tejpar, Mauro Delorenzi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Mutation of BRAF at the valine 600 residue occurs in approximately 10% of colorectal cancers, a group with particularly poor prognosis. The response of BRAF mutant colorectal cancer to recent targeted strategies such as anti-BRAF or combinations with MEK and EGFR inhibitors remains limited and highly heterogeneous within BRAF V600E cohorts. There is clearly an unmet need in understanding the biology of BRAF V600E colorectal cancers and potential subgroups within this population. Experimental Design: In the biggest yet reported cohort of 218 BRAF V600E with gene expression data, we performed unsupervised clustering using non-negative matrix factorization to identify gene expression–based subgroups and characterized pathway activation. Results: We found strong support for a split into two distinct groups, called BM1 and BM2. These subtypes are independent of MSI status, PI3K mutation, gender, and sidedness. Pathway analyses revealed that BM1 is characterized by KRAS/AKT pathway activation, mTOR/4EBP deregulation, and EMT whereas BM2 displays important deregulation of the cell cycle. Proteomics data validated these observations as BM1 is characterized by high phosphorylation levels of AKT and 4EBP1, and BM2 patients display high CDK1 and low cyclin D1 levels. We provide a global assessment of gene expression motifs that differentiate BRAF V600E subtypes from other colorectal cancers. Conclusions: We suggest that BRAF mutant patients should not be considered as having a unique biology and provide an in depth characterization of heterogeneous motifs that may be exploited for drug targeting. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 104–15. ©2016 AACR.
Fluid Overload As New Toxicity Category Has a Strong Impact on Non Relapse Mortality and Survival in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Gabriela Rondon, Rima M Saliba, Julianne Chen, Celina Ledesma, Amin M. Alousi, Betul Oran, Chitra M. Hosing, Partow Kebriaei, Issa F. Khouri, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Uday R. Popat, Richard E. Champlin, Stefan O. Ciurea
Journal: Blood (2015)
Impact of previous abiraterone acetate treatment in docetaxel safety profile: Preliminary results of the randomized phase II ABIDO-SOGUG trial.
Authors: Ignacio Duran, Miguel Angel Climent, Albert Font, M Isabel Sáez, Daniel E. Castellano, María José Méndez-Vidal, Javier Puente, Carmen Santander, Jose Angel Arranz Arija, Enrique Grande, Martin Lázaro Quintela, Alfredo Sanchez-Hernandez, Aranzazu Gonzalez del Alba, Javier Cassinello, Pablo Maroto, Emilio Esteban, Begoña Perez-Valderrama, María José Juan Fita, Olatz Etxaniz, Begona Mellado
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

5058 Background: Abiraterone acetate (AA) improves OS and rPFS in asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic mCRPC patients (pts) who are chemotherapy (CT) naïve through CYP17 inhibition. Upon progression to this strategy, three-weekly Docetaxel (D) is currently one of standard treatments. However, the value of maintaining AA along with D despite progression to the former has not been tested yet. ABIDO is a randomized-phase II trial that compares efficacy and safety of D vs. D+ AA in pts with mCRPC who have progressed to first line AA. Here, we present preliminary safety data. Methods: mCRPC CT naïve pts with no visceral metastases, ECOG PS 0-1, testosterone < 50 ng/dL and adequate, hematologic, hepatic, and renal function were included. The study has two stages. In stage I pts receive AA at the approved dose/regimen until treatment failure determined by PSCWG2 criteria. Upon progression, in stage II, pts are randomized to receive either three-weekly D + daily AA (Arm A) or three-weekly D alone (Arm B). Results: So far 122 pts have been included and 50 have progressed to pre-CT A.A. Of those 36 have been analyzed (20 in arm A and 16 in Arm B). Median age was 69 y/o, 61% had ECOG 0 and 81% had bone metastases. Patients received 134 and 110 cycles of D in Arm A and B respectively with a median number of cycles of 7 and 7.5. Docetaxel median dose intensity was 76% and 73% for each arm and 94% for A.A. Two pts in each arm discontinued treatment due to toxicity. Most frequent G3-4 toxicities per arm (A/B) were: neutropenia (60%;31%), febrile neutropenia (25%;13%), diarrhea (10%;13%), asthenia (5%;13%) and sepsis (10%;6%). Most common toxicities all grades per arm were: asthenia (85%;50%), alopecia (50%;31%), nail toxicity (55%;25%), diarrhea (45%;44%), neurotoxicity (40%;31%), nauseas (35%;31%), mucositis (25%;25%) and anemia (15%;25%). No toxic deaths have been reported so far. Conclusions: Overall tolerance to D was worse in ABIDO trial than historic data. Additionally, in the AA maintenance cohort, more frequent and severe treatment related AEs were observed. Whether AA determines worse D toxicity remains still hypothetical as many confounding factors could also explain this phenomenon. Clinical trial information: NCT02036060.
La sous-déclaration de la légionellose en France : pour une surveillance plus active
Authors: A Infuso, B Hubert, J Etienne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

La legionellose est transmise par l’inhalation d’aerosols d’eau contamines par differentes especes de Legionella. Ces bacteries sont souvent detectees dans les installations d’eau faites par l’homme et leur croissance est acceleree dans l’eau chaude. Les systemes de distribution d’eau chaude et les tours de refroidissement des systemes de climatisation sont les sources d’infection les plus frequemment identifiees.
The future of state hospitals: should there be one?
Authors: R L Okin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The recognition of the serious problems of state hospitals that dominated public policy in the 1960s has been largely overshadowed in recent years by a preoccupation with the problems of deinstitutionalization. The current backlash against the community movement threatens to legitimize once again the state hospital as an acceptable solution to the problems of the severely mentally ill. The author argues that state hospitals are deficient not simply because they provide an inferior quality of care but because they provide the wrong kind of care for most of their patients. He suggests that most state hospitals be completely replaced by a fundamentally different system.
Over-the-scope clip (OTSC)-induced colonic obstruction necessitating sigmoid resection
Authors: Andreas Fischer, Hans-Jürgen Richter-Schrag
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 75-year-old patient was admitted to our hospital for investigation of chronic anemia with a hemoglobin value of 6.6 g/dL. The patient's medical history included a mitral valve replacement and a kidney transplant 10 years and 8 years ago, respectively. A diagnostic endoscopy was performed and sigmoid diverticulosis with signs of postinflammatory bowel-wall sclerosis was observed as the colonoscope was being advanced to the cecum. As the endoscope was being withdrawn, a large perforation was seen in the sigmoid colon ([Fig. 1]). As the perforation had not been visible during introduction of the colonoscope, it seems most likely that it occurred during advancement of the scope to the cecum.
Degenerate DNA Binding By Mutant (E339D) KLF1 Dramatically Alters the Erythroid Transcriptome in the Nan Mouse Model
Authors: Danitza Nebor, Raymond F. Robledo, Joel H. Graber, Omorose Aighewi, Lionel Blanc, Andrew C Perkins, Kevin R. Gillinder, James J. Bieker, Luanne L. Peters
Journal: Blood (2015)
In vitro and in vivo activity of arsenic trioxide in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Authors: Wing Y. Au, Rico K H Lo, Chit Chow, Cyrus R. Kumana, Gopesh Srivastava, Raymond H. Liang, Yok-Lam Kwong
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

5279  Background. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has activity in vitro against non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and may have a role in patients with indolent lymphomas. The effects of As2O3 on NHL cell lines in vitro and in refractory NHL patients in vivo were investigated. Materials and methods. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) lines (Jeko-1, Granta-519) and follicular lymphoma (FL) lines (DOHH-2, SU-DHL8) were treated with As2O3, alone and with mitoxantrone (MTZ) and ascorbic acid (AA). Consenting patients with refractory NHL (13 MCL, 3 CLL, 2 FL, 2 others) were treated with oral-As2O3 (10 mg/day), AA (1 g/day) and chlorambucil (4 mg/day) as outpatients until refractory (NCI criteria, Cheson 1999). In patients with initial response, vincristine (2mg) and prednisolone (30mg) were added. At maximal response, As2O3 (10 mg) and AA (1 g) was given for two weeks every months. Results. By flow cytometry and MTT assays, As2O3 and MTZ (but not AA) induced a dose dependent apoptosis in both MCL (Jeko > Granta) and FL (SU-DHL>DOHH) lines. Synergistic interactions were observed only in the combinations As2O3 (1 μM) + MTZ (0.2 mg/L) (all lines except Granta), and As2O3 + MTZ + AA (100 μM) (Jeko and SU-DHL only). As2O3-induced apoptosis was associated with a dose and time dependent down-regulation of cyclin D1 protein in MCL lines but not Bcl-2 protein in FL lines. There was no change in cyclin D1 gene transcription, and pre-treatment with lysosome inhibitor (NH4Cl) or proteosome inhibitors (lactacystin and MG132) did not affect the action of As2O3. In both MCL and FL lines, however, As2O3 induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK and MAPK proteins via Src dependent pathways (as shown by PP1 inhibition). A total of 20 patients (15 men, 5 women, median age 69 (range 51-70), were treated after 1to 4 relapses with 1 to 6 regimens, at a median of 30 (3 -85) months from diagnosis. Eight patients were off treatment (4 MCL: 2 early deaths/ 2 NR, 3 CLL NR, 1 diffuse large cell lymphoma NR). At a median follow up of 8 (1 - 23) months, 5 MCL cases reached CR/ probable CR (CRu), while others are in partial remission (4 MCL) or stable disease (2FL, 1 lymphoplasmacytoid NHL) . Conclusion. As2O3 induced apoptosis of MCL cells by post-transcription down-regulation of cyclin D1 and also has activity in other low grade lymphomas via undetermined mechanisms. Synergistic interactions were observed with AA and cytotoxics. Oral, outpatient As2O3, AA and chlorambucil combination is active for relapsed and refractory NHL.
Long Non-Coding RNAs and Their Roles in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ming-Ming Wei, Guang-Biao Zhou
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2016)

Abstract As a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, lung cancer is a collection of diseases with diverse etiologies which can be broadly classified into small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung cancer is characterized by genomic and epigenomic alterations; however, mechanisms underlying lung tumorigenesis remain to be elucidated. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that consist of ⩾200 nucleotides but possess low or no protein-coding potential. Accumulating evidence indicates that abnormal expression of lncRNAs is associated with tumorigenesis of various cancers, including lung cancer, through multiple biological mechanisms involving epigenetic, transcriptional, and post-transcriptional alterations. In this review, we highlight the expression and roles of lncRNAs in NSCLC and discuss their potential clinical applications as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets.
Clinical outcome of circulating tumor cells in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with docetaxel: long-term prospective single-centre study
Authors: E. Verri, G. Aurilio, M. Cossu Rocca, M.T. Sandri, G. Pruneri, E. Botteri, L. Zorzino, C. Cassatella, L. Adamoli, D. Cullurà, O. De Cobelli, G. Musi, B. Jereczek, R. Iacovelli, F. Nolè
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Associations of different serum 25(OH)D levels to parameters of respiratory health in COPD patients
Authors: Louise Jeanette Pauline Persson, Marianne Voll-Aanerud, Per Bakke, Jon Andrew Hardie, Pieter S. Hiemstra, Tomas Mikal Eagan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Recent studies show a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in COPD patients. Optimal vitamin D levels may differ for different physiological processes. There is no current consensus on the optimal level for respiratory health and lung function.

Methods: Serum 25(OH)D in 426 COPD patients, GOLD stage II-IV, aged 40-76, from the Bergen COPD Cohort study, were determined by liquid chromatography double mass spectrometry. Examined explanatory variables were sex, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking habits, FEV1, exacerbation frequency, PaO2, respiratory symptoms, use of inhaled steroids, CRP, total white blood (WBC) count and seasonality. Vitamin D levels were categorised into 5 groups (A,B,C,D,E): A: <10ng/ml; B: 10-20ng/ml; C: 20-30ng/ml; D: 30-40ng/ml; and E: 40-52ng/ml. Associations were tested with chi-square and Kruskal Wallis.

Results: The prevalence of subjects in vitamin D categories, A to E, were 6.8%, 26.5%, 33.1%, 27.0%, and 6.6% respectively.

The percentage of daily smokers in group A through E: 58.6%, 53.1%, 39.7%, 38.3%, and 58.6% (p=0.046).

Mean FEV1 was 42%, 43%, 51%, 51%, and 56% in group A through E (p<0.001).

Resting PaO2 varied between 8.9kPa in group B to 9.7kPa in group E (p=0.008).

Mean WBC counts were 8.5, 8.3, 7.5, 7.6, and 7.1 in group A through E (p=0.017). In group A, 24.1% were obese compared with 3.6% in group E (p=0.14). 27.6% of subjects in group A had high exacerbation frequency (>2/year) compared with 13.5% in group C (p=0.21).

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency (<20ng/ml) was common in COPD patients and significantly related to important disease phenotypes, but the critical cutoff level of vitamin D varied between the different respiratory health variables.
La conduite de l'investigation d'épidémies d'intoxications alimentaires internationales par Enter-net
Authors: J C Desenclos, I. S.T. Fisher, O N Gill
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

En depit des efforts de prevention menes pour reduire les contaminations microbiologiques des denrees alimentaires, la libre circulation des biens et des personnes au sein des pays de l’Union Europeenne a augmente le risque de survenue d’epidemies d’intoxications alimentaires internationales. La mise en place du reseau de surveillance international Enter-net (precedemment Salm-Net) devrait conduire a detecter et investiguer precocement ces epidemies internationales. (1).
VI. Hyperkalemia
Authors: Norman G. Levinsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

ONLY 2 per cent of total body potassium is located outside cells, but the exact concentration of this small fraction in extracellular fluid is critically important in determining neuromuseular function. The level of plasma potassium depends on cellular transport processes, which regulate the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium, and on the rate of potassium excretion by the kidney. Renal excretion is extremely efficient, and large loads of potassium can be eliminated within a few hours.The toxic effects of hyperkalemia occur largely from depolarization of the membranes of skeletal and cardiac muscle, which interferes with normal excitability. Since neuromuseular . . .