tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0629 The efficacy of topical 0.05% cyclosporine a in patients of dry eye disease associated with sjÖgren’s syndrome
Authors: H. Deveci, S. Kobak
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that involves exocrine glands and that may present alone (primary SS) or in association with another connective tissue disorder (secondary SS). <h3>Objectives</h3> It was aimed to investigate the efficacy of topical 0.05% cyclosporine A in patients of dry eye disease associated with Sjogren's syndrome. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty-six patients referred to our outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with Sjögren's syndrome based on AECG classification criteria were included in this study. All of patients were evaluated by ophtalmologist and topical %0.05 cyclosporine A emulsion (Restasis; Allergan Inc, Irvine, California) were started. All patients were examined at 1.week and 1.month according to hyperemia, Shirmer's test and tear break-up time. The subjective findings including burning-stinging, light sensitivity and pain complaints were also assessed. <h3>Results</h3> 26 patients (19 female, 7 male; mean age, 47.5±10.2) were included in this study. At the first examination, burning-stinging(23patients), pain(24patients), light sensitivity(23patients) and hyperemia(24patients) were identified. All 26 patients responded well to treatment of topical %0.05 cyclosporine A emulsion. At 1.week and 1.month, there was an improvement in all of the following subjective and objective parameters. After treatment, were identified statistically significant recovery in all the subjective findings (burning-stinging, light sensitivity,pain and hyperemia) (p=0.0001). Also statistically significant recovery in all the objective findings (Schirmer's test, tear break up time) (p=0.0001) were recorded. <h3>Conclusions</h3> At the end of the 4-week follow-up process, it was resulted that topical 0.05% cyclosporine A may be an efficient treatment option in the patients of dry eye disease associated with Sjogren's syndrome. <h3>References</h3> Kanski JJ. Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca. Disorders of the conjunctiva. Butterwotrh-Heinemann International Edition (4th), Clinical Ophthalmology;1999:78-9. Douglas J. Rhee and Mark FP. Keratokonjunctivitis sicca. Cornea: The Wills Eye Manual; 1999:55-6. Pflugfelder SC, Solomon A, Stern ME. The diagnosis and management of dry eye. A twenty-five-year review. Cornea 2000;19:644-9. Braida M, Knop J. Effect of cyclosporine A on the T-effector and T-supressor cell response in contact sensitivity. Immunology 1986;59:503-7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
FRI0175 The influence of smoking on clinical response to etanercept therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: S. Zivojinovic, N. Pilipovic, M. Sefik Bukilica, L. Kovacevic, N. Roganovic, I. Jeremic, N. Damjanov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Many recent studies have suggested that smoking is an important risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particulary IgM rheumatoid factor (IgM-RF) and antibodies to citrullinated peptide (ACPA) positive RA, as well as a predictor of severe disease. However, there is lack of data on relationship between history of smoking and response to tumor necrosis factor antagonists in patients with RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether cigarette smoking influences the response to etanercept treatment in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> A history of cigarette smoking was obtained from a questionnaire completed by each patient starting therapy with etanercept since 2008 (n=136). A core set of demographic and clinical variables was recorded at baseline and at 3 and 12 months. The extent of smoking was quantified in pack-years (py), with 1 py equivalent to 20 cigarettes per day for 1 year. The influence of cigarette smoking (current or past) on the response to therapy was evaluated by logistic regression, with never smokers as the referent group. Response to therapy was defined according to the European League Against Rheumatism improvement criteria, based on their 3 or 12-month Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and absolute change in DAS28 from baseline. <h3>Results</h3> A history of smoking was found in 68/136 (50%) patients. Of these, 50/136 (36.8%) were current smokers at the start of etanercept therapy. There was no significant difference in age, age of onset, sex and disease duration between nonsmokers, past smokers and current smokers. However, there was an increase in the frequency of patients with IgM-RF and ACPA who had smoked, although this did not achieve statistical significance. Compared with never smokers, current smokers were less likely to achieve a good response at 3 months following the start of etanercept therapy (27% versus 41%; p&lt;0.05). Past smoking did not affect the chance of good response to etanercept therapy. The lower likelihood of a good response remained at later followup visits. Evaluating remission or joint counts yielded similar findings. The change in DAS28 over the first 3 months was inversely associated with the number of py (r=-0.31; p&lt;0.05). The association of py history with response failure was independent of age, sex, disease duration, baseline DAS28, Health Assessment Questionnaire score and IgM-RF at baseline. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA patients with a history of smoking were more likely to show a poor response to etanercept. Response failure was associated with the intensity of smoking. <h3>References</h3> G. Westhoff, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis patients who smoke have a higher need for DMARDs and feel worse, but they do not have more joint damage than non-smokers of the same serological group. Rheumatology 2008; 47:849-854 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Induction of Myxedema by Iodide in Patients Euthyroid after Radioiodine or Surgical Treatment of Diffuse Toxic Goiter
Authors: Lewis E. Braverman, Kenneth A. Woeber, Sidney H. Ingbar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

In all 10 patients with diffuse toxic goiter of Graves disease rendered euthyroid by radioiodine six months to six years earlier, myxedema (as evidenced by typical signs and symptoms, rises in serum TSH and cholesterol concentrations and decrease in serum thyroxine into the hypothyroid range) developed after small, pharmacologic doses of iodide. Of seven similar patients who had been treated surgically, frank hypothyroidism developed in two, one remained entirely unchanged, and the remaining four displayed slight abnormalities in serum thyroxine or TSH concentrations without overt hypothyroidism. The thyroid gland in Graves disease appears to be inherently susceptible to the induction of iodide myxedema, and such susceptibility may be enhanced or its demonstration facilitated by radioiodine treatment.
Aliskiren, Enalapril, or Aliskiren and Enalapril in Heart Failure
Authors: John J.V. McMurray, Henry Krum, William T. Abraham, Kenneth Dickstein, Lars V. Køber, Akshay S. Desai, Scott D. Solomon, Nicola Greenlaw, M. Atif Ali, Yanntong Chiang, Qing Shao, Georgia Tarnesby, Barry M. Massie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Among patients with chronic heart failure, angiotensin-converting–enzyme (ACE) inhibitors reduce mortality and hospitalization, but the role of a renin inhibitor in such patients is unknown. We compared the ACE inhibitor enalapril with the renin inhibitor aliskiren (to test superiority or at least noninferiority) and with the combination of the two treatments (to test superiority) in patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction.
Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Lung Indistinguishable From Adenocarcinoma on Imaging Studies
Authors: Tetsuo Sonomura, Seiji Hasegawa, Hinako Takeuchi, Seigo Ishii, Morio Sato
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

We present the case of a right lung nodule discovered on routine chest x-ray in an asymptomatic 62-year-old man. CT revealed a spiculated nodule in segment 1 of the right upper lobe, 2.2 cm in diameter and without calcification. The nodule showed high focal FDG uptake (SUVmax, 17.8) on PET. Right upper lobectomy was performed under the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma; however, the histopathologic findings were of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor.
Abstract 4088: Effects of exposure to particulate matter on methylation of miRNA genes coding for miR-21 and miR-222
Authors: Valeria Motta, Valentina Bollati, Barbara Marinelli, Lifang Hou, Pietro Apostoli, Matteo Bonzini, Francesco Nordio, Valeria Pegoraro, Letizia Tarantini, Joel Schwartz, Pieralberto Bertazzi, Andrea Baccarelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Inhalation of Particulate Matter (PM) and PM metal components has been associated with increased risk of lung cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs with an important role in biological activities and are linked to human diseases such as cancer. miRNA expression needs tight regulation, which also takes place at the epigenetic level. miRNAs undergo regulation by DNA methylation in miRNA coding genes, associate with silencing of miRNA expression. Increased expression of miR-21 has been implicated in various processes involved in carcinogenesis, including inhibition of apoptosis, promotion of cell proliferation and stimulation of tumor growth by targeting multiple tumor/metastasis suppressor genes. In cancer cells miR-222 promotes cell proliferation by targetting the cell cycle inhibitor and tumor suppressor p27. AIMS: We evaluated the effects of exposure to PM and PM metal components on candidate miRNAs methylation (miR-222 and miR-21) in 63 workers of an electric-furnace steel plant with well-characterized exposure. METHODS: We measured miR-222 and miR-21 methylation in blood leukocyte RNA obtained from 63 workers on the first day of a workweek (baseline) and after three days of work (post-exposure). Quantitative miRNA methylation analysis was performed through bisulfite PCR Pyrosequencing. We estimated individual exposures to PM1, PM10, coarse particles and PM metal components (chromium, lead, cadmium, arsenic, nickel, manganese) between the baseline and post-exposure measurements. RESULTS: miR-222 and miR-21 methylation was significantly decreased in post-exposure samples, compared with baseline (post-exposure=60.07±9.38, baseline=63.05±6.38; p=0.013 for miR-222; post-exposure=62.47±6.87, baseline=66.24±6.32; p=0.004 for miR-21). In post-exposure samples, miR-222 methylation was negatively associated with the average exposure to the levels of PM (βstd=-0.012, p=0.03 for PM10, βstd=-0.579, p=0.005 for PM1 and βstd=-0.013, p=0.032 for Coarse) and to the levels of PM metal components (βstd=-111.345, p=0.008 for Chromium and βstd=17.195, p=0.023 for Arsenic). CONCLUSIONS: Changes in miRNA methylation may represent a novel epigenetic mechanism mediating responses to PM and its metal components. Whether these modifications have a role in the initiation and progression of cancer needs to be evaluated in future studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4088.
HEAD-TO-HEAD COMPARISON OF STATINS VERSUS FIBRATES IN REDUCING PLASMA FIBRINOGEN CONCENTRATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Maria Corina Serban, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Dimitri Mikhailidis, Peter P. Toth, Paul Muntner, Sorin Ursoniu, Svetlana Mosteoru, Stephen Glasser, Seth Martin, Steven R. Jones, Manfredi Rizzo, Jacek Rysz, Allan D. Sniderman, Michael Pencina, Maciej Banach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 4282: Real-time subcellular imaging of cancer cell nuclear dynamics in the brain of live mice
Authors: Masashi Momiyama, Atsushi Suetsugu, Yasunori Tome, Michael Bouvet, Takashi Chishima, Itaru Endo, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In order to visualize single cancer cell nuclear dynamics in the brain, U87 human glioma cells were injected into the brain stereotactically, or Lewis lung mouse carcinoma (LLC) cells were injected into the carotid artery of nude mice. Both cancer cells types express GFP in the nucleus and RFP in the cytoplasm. A craniotomy open window was made over the right parietal bone for real-time imaging of cancer cells on the brain. Mitotic and apoptotic cancer cells in the brain were imaged in real time. Temozolomide (TMZ) and UVC light were used for induction of cancer cell apoptosis. Imaging showed that approximately 86% of Lewis lung carcinoma cells irradiated with UVC light underwent apoptosis and died in contrast to U87 cells which were resistant to UVC. Real-time subcellular imaging in the brain showed TMZ-induced apoptosis of both U87 and LLC cells. Imaging could be carried out for at least two weeks through the craniotomy window enabling treatment to be evaluated on cancer cells in the brain at the subcellular level. The subcellular real-time imaging model of cancer cells in the brain will be of important use for discovery and evaluation novel drugs active against brain cancer and brain metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4282. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4282
Effectiveness of Neoadjuvant Letrozole of Invasive Lobular Cancers.
Authors: J. Dixon, L. Renshaw, D. Evans, J. Thomas
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background:Invasive lobular cancers are poorly responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. They are commonly hormone sensitive. This study set out to investigate the efficacy of neoadjuvant letrozole in post-menopausal women with large operable or locally advanced breast cancers.Patients and Methods:48 consecutive patients with large operable or locally advanced invasive lobular ER positive (Allred score 8 = 38, 7 =8, 6=1, 5=1) were treated in a single Breast Unit by neoadjuvant letrozole for 3 months or longer. The mean age was 76.7 years with a range of 55 to 91 years. 6 tumours measured &amp;gt;2-4 cm (T2), 26 tumours measured &amp;gt;4 cm (T2, T3) and 16 were locally advanced (T4). Response was assessed by a single observer at 3 months.Results:Response to TreatmentThe mean reduction in clinical volume at 3 months was 60% (95% CI 50-79%) with a median of 67% (95% CI 60-79%). Responses were classified as 1 Complete Response (CR), 25 Partial Response (PR), 16 Minimal Response (MR), 4 Stable Disease (SD) and 2 Progression.The mean USS in volume was 69% (60-78%), with a median of median 80% (66-84%). Response was classified as CR= 12, PR = 25, MR = 7, SD = 3 and Progression = 1.Surgery and Outcome32 have come to surgery and 16 have continued on letrozole.24 patients were considered suitable for breast conserving surgery (WLE) of whom 16 successful had WLE (67% with Clear Margins), 4 had a WLE and then a successful re- excision of margins and 4 had a WLE followed by mastectomy. The final rate of successful breast conservation was thus 20/24 (83%).8 patients with locally advanced breast cancer became operable and were treated by mastectomy.SummaryThis is the largest series of invasive lobular carcinomas treated by neoadjuvant letrozole ever reported.Invasive lobular carcinomas are often large at diagnosis.They are mainly ER rich.In post-menopausal women they respond well to endocrine therapy with letrozole.Neoadjuvant therapy with letrozole allows many women with large invasive lobular carcinomas to be treated successfully with breast conservation.This contrasts with the poor results obtained with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.ConclusionNeoadjuvant letrozole therapy is an effective treatment for shrinking invasive lobular ER positive breast cancers in post-menopausal women. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1085.
Decreased interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6Rα) and increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) phosphorylation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are reversed by IL-6Rα blockade
Authors: Martyna Skwarek, Babett Heschel, Maria Winzer, Martin Aringer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Backgroundand objectives</h3> Increased IL-6 would be expected to decrease IL-6Rα and the phosphorylated form of Stat3 (pStat3). The anti-IL6Rα antibody tocilizumab is effective in RA and blocks inflammation. The authors therefore analysed the situation in RA, and the effects of tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Lymphocytes of 33 RA patients were compared to those of 25 healthy individuals (HC). Ten RA patients were subsequently treated with tocilizumab with follow up samples under this therapy. Serum CRP was determined in clinical routine. PBMC were immediately prepared from peripheral venous blood. For determining the percentage of IL-6Rα (CD126) positive cells, PBMC were stained with PE-labelled anti-CD126 or control antibodies. For the determination of pStat3, cells were analysed unstimulated or stimulated with IL-6 (0.5 mg/ml) for 10 and 15 min, fixed with formaldehyde (2%), permeabilised with methanol (80%), and stained with PE-labelled anti-pStat3 or control antibodies. Cells were analysed on a Becton Dickinson FACSCalibur fluorocytometer, gating for lymphocytes. Mean fluorescence intensity (mfi) was used as a semiquantitative measure for pStat3 contents. <h3>Results</h3> At baseline, the percentage of CD126+ RA lymphocytes was decreased (mean±SD 46.3±18.2% vs 55.0±9.9% in HC, p=0.02) and negatively correlated with CRP (Pearson r=−0.72, p=0.002), but not disease activity (Spearman r=0.23, p=0.44 for CDAI). Baseline pStat3 was increased in RA lymphocytes (median (range) mfi 16.56 (8.82–60.49) vs. 13.84 (8.82–27.77) in HC, p=0.02). While IL-6 stimulation of HC lymphocytes led to a maximum mean increase in pStat3 of mfi 16.11±7.60, this was much less pronounced in RA lymphocytes, with an increase of 5.61±5.51, p&lt;0.0001. Under IL-6Rα blockade with tocilizumab, CD 126+ lymphocytes increased, and baseline pStat3 decreased, to normal levels (57.2±17.7% and mfi 14.26 (8.88–36.27), respectively). The pStat3 increase upon IL-6 stimulation was almost completely abolished (mfi 16.29 (11.91–38.17) at 10 min, 17.64 (9.70–39.05) at 15 min). <h3>Conclusions</h3> IL-6-dependent changes of IL-6Rα on and pStat3 in RA lymphocytes are present, which correlate with CRP, but not clinical disease activity. These changes are reversed by therapeutic IL6Rα blockade, which also renders lymphocytes hyporesponsive to in vitro IL-6 stimulation.
New colonoscope technology: impact on image capture and quality and on confidence and accuracy of endoscopy-based polyp discrimination
Authors: Kaely Bade, Margaret MacPhail, Cynthia Johnson, Charles Kahi, Douglas Rex
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> A newer colonoscope series has optical magnification and improvement in image freezing function. We aimed to assess the impact on image capture, image quality, and polyp discrimination. <b>Patients and methods:</b> In consecutive patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy images of colorectal polyps were taken with Olympus 190 or 180 series instruments. The number of image captures needed to obtain an adequate image, quality of stored images, proportion of polyps with a high confidence estimate of likely histology, and accuracy of interpretations were compared. <b>Results:</b> An acceptable image at the first attempt was obtained in 97.3 % of photos with the 190 device vs. 83.8 % with the 180 instrument (<i>P</i> < 0.001). In the 190 group narrowband imaging (NBI) provided high confidence readings in 9 % more cases than in the 180 group, but did not improve accuracy of polyp categorization. The quality of the stored images was judged better for the 190 device. However, when images that had provided high confidence estimates of polyp histology were re-interpreted later by the original endoscopist, there was agreement with the original interpretation for > 98 % of polyps in both the 180 group and the 190 group. A second endoscopist agreed with the original high confidence interpretations for 90 % of polyps imaged with either the 180 or the 190 scope. <b>Conclusion:</b> The new colonoscope had less image blurring, improved subjective quality of stored images, and increased the proportion of high confidence endoscopic estimates of polyp histology, but did not improve accuracy in estimating polyp histology.
The Difference of Positive Predictive Value of Ovm-Specific IgE for Heated Hen's Egg Oral Food Challenge by Transition of Ovm-Specific IgE
Authors: Osamu Natsume, Fukuie Tatsuki, Matsunaga Mayumi, Tajima Iwao, Suzuki Tsukasa, Taguchi Tomohide, Ogata Tsutomu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy using two metal stents locked together
Authors: Takeshi Ogura, Daisuke Masuda, Akira Imoto, Rieko Kamiyama, Kazuhide Higuchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) is a recently developed technique for biliary decompression in patients with biliary obstruction, which offers an alternative when endoscopic biliary drainage (EBD) or percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) fail, or when the papilla is inaccessible [1]. However, EUS-HGS has several disadvantages, including early stent occlusion by granulation tissue, which can develop when there is a mismatch in the bore diameter between the bile duct and the stent, and stent migration, which may be fatal [2] and could be due to the use of a metal stent of insufficient diameter.