tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 3-2007: A Boy with Respiratory Insufficiency
Authors: Gabriele Rossi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

n engl j med 356;22 www.nejm.org may 31, 2007 2329 To the Editor: In the Case Record of a patient with respiratory insufficiency, presented by Boyer et al. (Jan. 25 issue),1 the discussants do not mention a condition known to be associated with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis and to have implications for its management: celiac disease. The association is referred to as the Lane–Hamilton syndrome.2 It is important to recognize this condition, since treatment of celiac disease with a gluten-free diet could lead to the remission of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.3 Although both celiac disease and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis are believed to be immunologically mediated, the pathogenetic link between them is not clear. A recent systematic review identified 20 patients with the Lane–Hamilton syndrome.4 Of these, 16 had been prescribed a gluten-free diet, with improvement documented in 12. Patients with idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis should be screened for celiac disease, even in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, by means of serologic testing for antiendomysial antibodies. If the test is positive, an intestinal biopsy should be carried out to confirm the disease, because a gluten-free diet is very effective for the regression of both celiac disease and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis.
A phase I study of capecitabine and concurrent radiotherapy (RT) for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)
Authors: A. J. Newman, J. Fiveash, S. Rosenfeld, M. Johnson, R. Diasio, W. Wang, A. Cockrell-Donohue, L. B. Nabors
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

1537 Background: Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine, has efficacy in many solid tumors, and has proven to be safe and effective when combined with RT for rectal cancer. Studies suggest correlation of response with tumor thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) expression (TP/DPD ratio). TP/DPD is increased in GBM and RT improves this ratio. Methods: Patients were enrolled in 2 cohorts based on anti-convulsant (AED) use (P450 inducing or non-P450) and received 60 Gy RT in 30 fractions over 6 weeks and concurrent BID capecitabine starting at 625 mg/m2 BID (1250 mg/m2/day). Capecitabine was escalated by 25% in consecutive groups of 3 pts per cohort. Pts received daily capecitabine during RT and for 4 weeks after (induction). After a 1-week break, pts received maintenance capecitabine: 1250 mg/m2 BID (2500 mg/m2/day), days 1–14 every 3 weeks until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Primary endpoint: maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of capecitabine during induction. Secondary endpoints: safety, disease free and overall survival. Laboratory correlates: tumor TP/DPD by Q-RT-PCR, correlation of toxicity/efficacy with DPD promoter polymorphisms, and effects of P450 inducing AEDs on capecitabine pharmacokinetics. Results: From March to December 2003, 15 evaluable pts were enrolled [13 male, 2 female; mean age 52.1 years (range 19–70); mean KPS 88.67% (range 60–100%)]. A dose limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred in both arms at dose level 1 resulting in expansion to 6 pts. No further DLTs occurred. The non-P450 AED arm at level 2 (750mg/m2 BID) had 2 DLTs (diarrhea) in the first 3 pts. The MTD for this arm was defined as 625mg/m2 BID. Enrollment continues for dose level 2 P450 AED arm. Conclusions: Capecitabine and concurrent RT for newly diagnosed GBM appears safe and well tolerated without unexpected toxicities. This combination is an exciting new approach to the treatment of GBM and merits further evaluation. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche Roche
HER2 equivocal breast cancer and neoadjuvant therapy: Is response similar to HER2-positive or HER2-negative tumors?
Authors: Alessandra Landmann, Daniel J. Farrugia, Emilia Diego, Marguerite Bonaventura, Atilla Soran, Ronald Johnson, David J. Dabbs, Beth Clark, Adam Brufsky, Nancy E. Davidson, Barry C. Lembersky, Rachel Catherine Jankowitz, Shannon Puhalla, Gretchen M. Ahrendt, Priscilla F. McAuliffe, Rohit Bhargava
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

612 Background: While HER2+breast cancers demonstrate high rates of pathologic complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant HER2-targeted therapy, there is a need to assess objective response in HER2 equivocal tumors. Methods: Retrospective chart review was conducted of patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) between 2010 and 2014 at our institution. Case inclusion required at least ER and HER2 status and pCR information. HER2 was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with IHC 3+ and IHC 0/1+ cases considered positive and negative respectively. IHC 2+ cases were tested by FISH and classified using the 2013 ASCO HER2 guidelines ISH criteria for dual color probe. Cases were also classified by average HER2 copies/cell criteria. Results: 595 cases met criteria for inclusion. pCR rates according to HER2 status are reported below. Conclusions: Of the 46 patients with HER2 equivocal results, 31 (67%) received anti-HER2 NAT. 5 of 31 (16%) achieved pCR: 2 of 8 ER- (25%) and 3 of 23 ER+ (13%). The overall 16% pCR rate of HER2 equivocal tumors that received targeted therapy is similar to the 18% pCR rate of HER2- tumors (p = 1.0), but significantly lower than the 41% pCR rate of HER2+ tumors (p = 0.0087). In this small subset of HER2 equivocal cases treated with anti-HER2 NAT, pCR rates were similar to HER2- tumors. Further study is warranted to assess whether HER2 targeted therapy in HER2 equivocal tumors improves surgical outcomes, and survival. Criteria used HER2 status pCR (%) p-value (comparison to HER2 equivocal tumors) 2013 ASCO/CAP (dual) Equivocal 3/28 (10.7%) n/a - 63/355 (17.7%) 0.4429 + 82/212 (38.7%) 0.0029* HER2 gene copies/cell** Equivocal 7/46 (15.2%) n/a - 63/352 (17.9%) 0.8370 + 78/190 (41.1%) 0.0010* HER2 status (based on HER2 copies/cell) ER status pCR (%) p-value (comparison with HER2 Eq. and ER matched tumors) Equivocal - 3/11 (27.3%) n/a - - 39/139 (28.1%) 1.0 + - 39/75 (52%) 0.1967 Equivocal + 4/35 (11.4%) n/a - + 24/213 (11.3%) 1.0 + + 39/115 (33.9%) 0.0102* *Statistically significant; **Results available on 588 of 595 cases Cases classified as equivocal based on HER2 gene copies per cell criteria
Toward a biochemical classification of depressive disorders, V: Heterogeneity of unipolar depressions
Authors: A F Schatzberg, P J Orsulak, A H Rosenbaum, T Maruta, E R Kruger, J O Cole, J J Schildkraut
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors found that the mean urinary level of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) was significantly lower in 20 patients with bipolar manic-depressive or schizoaffective depressions than in either 50 patients with unipolar depressions or 26 age- and sex-matched control subjects. In contrast, the mean MHPG levels in the total group of patients with unipolar depressions and in any subgroup defined by Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) were not significantly different from control values. However, examination of the distribution of urinary MHPG levels in patients with unipolar depressions in relation to other recent findings by the authors' collaborative research group suggested the existence of at least three biochemical subtypes of unipolar depressions that may, in part, be differentiated on the basis of urinary MHPG levels.
Diagnostic subgroups of affective disorders and their urinary excretion of catecholamine metabolities
Authors: F Deleon-Jones, J W Maas, H Dekirmenjian, J Sanchez
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

Previous reports have indicated that some depressed patients excrete less than normal quantities of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl glycol (MHPG). The authors present data indicating that a subgroup of depressed patients who excrete less than normal quantities of MHPG may be identified by the application of explicit clinical criteria. They found no significant difference in the excretion of normetanephrine (NM), metanephrine (M), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA) among any of the diagnostic subgroups or between each patient group and a healthy comparison group. However, depressed patients diagnosed as having primary affective disorder and bipolar illness excreted significantly less MHPG than did the healthy comparison group.
Studies on Mouse Lymphomas. III. Behavior of Tumor- and Non-Tumor-Cell Populations during Growth of Three Ascites Lymphomas
Authors: Shelton, Emma, Rice, Mary E.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Journal Article Studies on Mouse Lymphomas. III. Behavior of Tumor- and Non-Tumor-Cell Populations during Growth of Three Ascites Lymphomas Get access Emma Shelton, Emma Shelton Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary E. Rice Mary E. Rice Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 21, Issue 1, July 1958, Pages 163–191, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/21.1.163 Published: 01 July 1958 Article history Received: 07 January 1958 Published: 01 July 1958
Digitalis
Authors: Thomas W. Smith, Edgar Haber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Digitalis ToxicityEpidemiologyWithering's account of the therapeutic efficacy of foxglove was accompanied by a perceptive discussion of toxic manifestations, including a case report of fatal overdosage.283 Toxic manifestations of digitalis persist as one of the most prevalent adverse drug reactions encountered in clinical practice.284 , 285 The incidence in hospitalized patients is reported to vary between 8 and 35 per cent,213,214,249, 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 with mortality attributable to cardiac toxicity ranging from 3 to 21 per cent of those intoxicated.289 , 290 , 292 , 293 The variability of these data relate to differing definitions of digitalis intoxication, the retrospective nature of many of these studies, and differences in the . . .
Thyroid Physiology
Authors: BHASKAR K. ROY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments1 November 1974Thyroid PhysiologyBHASKAR K. ROYBHASKAR K. ROYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-5-710_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Apropos the conference "Thyroid Physiology in Health and Disease in the July 1974 issue (Annals of Internal Medicine), I should like to have some clarification.To estimate the normal extent of T3conversion from T4at the periphery, the conversion of exogenous T4was studied in hypothyroid patients. Thyrotrophin (TSH) is known to increase the release of thyroid hormones from thyroid gland. Also, the level of T3in certain hypothyroid cases has been found to be relatively high, and this has been explained on the basis of hyperactivity of the remaining small amount of thyroid tissue. Because...Reference1. SISSON J: Extra-thyroidal effect of thyrotropin on serum thyroxine. Acta Endocrinologica (kbh) 65:423-434, 1970 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: BHASKAR K. ROYAffiliations: Albert Einstein Medical Center, N.D. York and Tabor Roads Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19141 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1974Volume 81, Issue 5Page: 710-710KeywordsThyroidThyroid hormonesThyroid-stimulating hormoneTriiodothyronine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Collagenases
Authors: Edward D. Harris, Stephen M. Krane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Mechanism of Action of Mammalian CollagenasesThere is still debate about the initial step in degradation of the collagen fibril. Milsom et al.98 have suggested that a "depolymerase" may be the first enzyme to attack the fibril and break off small fragments of collagen, which could then be phagocytosed and degraded intracellularly. The "depolymerase" described by these workers, however, was active at pH 4.0 and inactive against native collagen at pH 6.0 or greater. At present, there is no evidence that extracellular pH drops below 6.6. The pH of inflammatory exudates has been measured at 7.0 or above.99 Using microtechnics, . . .
The Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin: The Grand ConducTOR of Metabolism and Aging
Authors: Brian K. Kennedy, Dudley W. Lamming
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2016)

Since the discovery that rapamycin, a small molecule inhibitor of the protein kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), can extend the lifespan of model organisms including mice, interest in understanding the physiological role and molecular targets of this pathway has surged. While mTOR was already well known as a regulator of growth and protein translation, it is now clear that mTOR functions as a central coordinator of organismal metabolism in response to both environmental and hormonal signals. This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of how mTOR signaling is regulated by nutrients and the role of the mTOR signaling pathway in key metabolic tissues. Finally, we discuss the molecular basis for the negative metabolic side effects associated with rapamycin treatment, which may serve as barriers to the adoption of rapamycin or similar compounds for the treatment of diseases of aging and metabolism. Since the discovery that rapamycin, a small molecule inhibitor of the protein kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), can extend the lifespan of model organisms including mice, interest in understanding the physiological role and molecular targets of this pathway has surged. While mTOR was already well known as a regulator of growth and protein translation, it is now clear that mTOR functions as a central coordinator of organismal metabolism in response to both environmental and hormonal signals. This review discusses recent developments in our understanding of how mTOR signaling is regulated by nutrients and the role of the mTOR signaling pathway in key metabolic tissues. Finally, we discuss the molecular basis for the negative metabolic side effects associated with rapamycin treatment, which may serve as barriers to the adoption of rapamycin or similar compounds for the treatment of diseases of aging and metabolism.
Reply
Authors: Fatima Teixeira-Clerc, Sophie Lotersztajn
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

We read with interest the results of the study of Lemaire et al., who investigated the association between the heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) promoter (GT)n repeat variant and the presence and severity of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Biological studies have demonstrated differences in transcriptional activity of the HO-1 promoter with different (GT)n repeat lengths, with short (GT)n repeat variants exhibiting increased HO-1 promoter activity and long (GT)n repeat variant showing reduced HO-1 inducibility.1 Clinical studies have further suggested that the presence of the short (GT)n repeat variant is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular or pulmonary disease, among others, whereas conversely, there is an increased risk in patients with the long (GT)n repeat variant. Interestingly, we previously reported that HO-1 is antifibrogenic2, 3 and that induction of HO-1 protects against alcohol-induced liver injury.4 These data raised the interesting hypothesis that the long (GT)n repeat variant in HO-1 promoter could be associated with the presence and severity of ALD. In their cohort study of 487 ALD Caucasian patients with cirrhosis or ALD, Lemaire et al. show that long (GT)n repeat variant polymorphism in the promoter of the HO-1 gene is not associated with the presence and the severity of ALD. However, it should be emphasized that experimental models of ALD, in which HO-1 induction is observed, only recapitulate the mild form of injury (i.e., steatosis with mild inflammation and no fibrosis). Because there is a high variability in the susceptibility of individuals to alcohol-induced liver injury, further studies should be conducted in order to evaluate whether patients with a mild form of ALD are characterized by a short (GT)n repeat variant polymorphism in the promoter of the HO-1 gene. Fatima Teixeira-Clerc, Ph.D. Sophie Lotersztajn, Ph.D. INSERM Creteil, France
PNR-20PRIMARY METASTATIC LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF THE SKULL
Authors: Alexandra Paúl, Olinda Rebelo, Alice Carvalho
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

PNR-20. PRIMARY METASTATIC LEIOMYOSARCOMA OF THE SKULL Alexandra Paul1, Olinda Rebelo2, and Alice Carvalho1; Pediatric Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra-EPE, Coimbra, Portugal; Neuropathology Department, CentroHospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra-EPE, Coimbra, Portugal We report the case of a previous healthy 11 yearold-boy, with a one month history of worsening headache which appeared apparently in the context of trauma. He had an x-ray of the skull that showed a right fronto-parietal lytic lesion with 10 cm in size and with ill-defined borders. CT scan and MRI of the skull revealed a soft tissue mass invading the cranial cavity just beyond the lytic lesion, compressing the brain parenchyma, the upper sagittal sinus and the right ventricle. Skeletal scintigraphy with technetium 99m showed a positive uptake of the proximal left femur and the distal right femur. Chest CT scan detected multiple bilateral lesions of the lung. Blood tests were normal, HIV 1 and 2 were negative. Histopathological results of the soft tissue biopsy were compatible with an unspecified high-grade sarcoma and a second opinion was requested to Prof. Christopher Fletcher Harvard Medical School, USA. His examination was compatible with a high-grade spindle cell malignant neoplasm with extensive necrosis. Immunohistochemistry showed multifocal positivity for smoth muscle actin, numerous scattered cells were positive fordesmin andalsowith quiteextensivekeratinpositivity,while caldesmon, CD34 and epithelial membrane antigen were negative, suggesting a high grade leiomyosarcoma. A high complex karyotype was detected by genetic analysis. Despite chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the disease progressed and he died five months after the diagnosis. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii7–iii15, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now067.17 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Molecular monitoring of pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Authors: P C Nowell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.5.692 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3494817 Molecular monitoring of pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia. P C NowellxP C NowellSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.5.692 PDF "Molecular monitoring of pre-B acute lymphocytic leukemia.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(5), pp. 692–693© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Acute Renal Failure
Authors: John P. Merrill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The syndrome of acute renal failure (ARF) is a confusion of multiple causes, varying from beesting to bismuth, from snakebite to sulfonamide. Almost every drug in the Pharmacopeia has been implicated in a single case report. The hard clinical fact is that the exact cause of the syndrome of the acute renal failure is unknown in some 50 per cent of the cases seen. There is, in addition, no complete agreement on the pathophysiology of the commonest form, that due to acute volume depletion, with or without shock, or, in the laboratory animal, to bichloride of mercury or glycerol.1 The . . .
Amebiasis and Amebic Dysentery
Authors: M G SPIESMAN, L MALOW
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient-physician relation and unproven therapies.
Authors: D Tassinari, F Desiderio, A Ravaioli, S Sartori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.9.3203 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9738594 Patient-physician relation and unproven therapies. D TassinarixD TassinariSearch for articles by this author , F DesiderioxF DesiderioSearch for articles by this author , A RavaiolixA RavaioliSearch for articles by this author , S SartorixS SartoriSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.9.3203 PDF "Patient-physician relation and unproven therapies.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(9), p. 3203© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
General practice may not survive in Scotland, doctors warn
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2016)

GPs will be encouraged to come out of retirement and to work as locums, as part of a package of measures designed to tackle GP recruitment problems in Scotland.

The latest primary care workforce survey showed that the number of GPs working in Scotland fell by over 2% from 2013 to 2015 and that a fifth of practices had vacancies.1 Half of these vacancies had been open for six …
Nitric Oxide Deficiency Triggering Strokelike Episodes—Reply
Authors: Mary Kay Koenig
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal