tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HIGHER PLATELET INHIBITION WITH THIENOPYRIDINE THERAPY, RATHER THAN SERUM FIBRINOGEN LEVEL, IS ASSOCIATED WITH PERIPROCEDURAL BLEEDING AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Khushboo Kaushal, Lawrence Ang, Felice Lin, Samhita Palakodeti, Andrew Huynh, Kelly Enright, Mattheus Ramsis, Shiqian Li, Phildrich Teh, Mitul Patel, Ryan Reeves, Ehtisham Mahmud
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Comparison of risk stratification by OncotypeDX versus HOXB13/IL17BR index and molecular grade index in 166 estrogen receptor positive patients from multiple institutions.
Authors: D Sgroi, P Goss, L Steffel, S Lester, J Brock, O Hameed, E Hattab, X Ma, M Erlander
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1072 Background&amp;#x2028; We have previously reported two complementary prognostic markers in breast cancer for predicting risk of recurrence (Ma et al, Clin Cancer Res, 2008): a molecular grade index (MGI) that recapitulates grade 1 and 3 tumors and stratifies grade 2 tumors, and a gene expression index (HOXB13/IL17BR or H/I) that predicts clinical outcome in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) patients and endocrine benefit (Jerevell et al, Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2007). In combination, MGI and H/I define three risk groups: Low risk (low MGI), intermediate risk (low H/I, high MGI) and high risk (high H/I, high MGI). We conducted a study to compare risk stratification by MGI and H/I within samples for which a previous recurrence score (RS) by Oncotype Dx was reported.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods&amp;#x2028; RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections from all obtainable samples of patients (pts) from five institutions in which a RS was reported MGH, 77pts; Brigham, 48pts; IU, 19pts; UAB, 13pts; Scripps, 9pts. Real-time RT-PCR assays for MGI and H/I were completed and binary results of low and high for both were determined using pre-defined cutpoints. Risk stratification via MGI + H/I for each sample was compared to previously reported RS's (low, intermediate or high).&amp;#x2028; Results&amp;#x2028; For the 166 pts, 48% had a low, 45% intermediate and 7% high RS's. Overall, risk stratifications by RS versus MGI + H/I were significantly correlated (p &amp;lt; 0.001) with 81% of patients with low RS also having low risk (low MGI). Risk stratification by H/I + MGI reduced intermediate risk via RS by 2.5-fold (45% versus 18%).&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Discussion&amp;#x2028; In ER+ pts, MGI + H/I produces a significantly smaller group of patients with intermediate risk by re-stratifying a large number of patients with intermediate RS into low and high risk groups. Risk stratification by H/I + MGI in ER+ pts is by measurement of two discrete parameters: endocrine responsiveness (H/I) and proliferative status (MGI). This may allow for more informed treatment decisions by the treating oncologist. Further studies with clinical outcome are required to establish the clinical significance of these different risk stratification methods. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1072.
The Western Medical Tradition: 800 BC-1800 AD
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Like Andreas Vesalius, physicians today know that the way to be certain about knowledge is through "autopsia" or "seeing for oneself." This book continues the autopsic outlook by maintaining a sense of skepticism even about medical history itself. We learn here, for instance, that "far from being a rigid inheritance that passed from one distinguished medical man to another, European medicine in the premodern age demonstrates a remarkable flexibility and variety." By bringing the engaging details of this variety to general notice, the authors provide a "merciful release" from the "false past" presented by many previous medical historians. One aspect of this false past is that many "traditions" have been made up, for instance, by doctors evoking other doctors. Galen, for example, may be regarded "as the inventor of the historical figure we think of as Hippocrates." Galen, a self-promoter whose worldwide medical reputation grew greater than that of any
Defining Medical Expenses — An Early Skirmish over Insurance Reforms
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) vests state insurance regulators with enormous power as they partner with the federal government to determine how the act is implemented. The stringency with which state and federal governments draw their implementation plans will largely determine the degree to which private insurers must transform their business models to operate successfully under reform. A major early test of state regulators' ability to meet this challenge is under way, as the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) develops recommendations for carriers in the large-group market regarding compliance with a new requirement that they spend 85% of the . . .
DIABETES MELLITUS AS A PREDICTORS OF STABILITY FOR NON-CULPRIT LIPID RICH PLAQUES: SERIAL ANGIOGRAPHY, OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATION
Authors: Bo Yu, Lei Xing, Jingbo Hou, Linxing Feng, Huai Yu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES AFTER INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND-GUIDED VERSUS ANGIOGRAPHY-GUIDED DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION IN COMPLEX LESIONS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS: A META-ANALYSIS OF 1522 PATIENTS FROM RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Chirag Bavishi, Saurav Chatterjee, Arpit Shah, Parasuram Krishnamoorthy, Bhavi Pandya, Juan Cordova, Abdur Khan, Carlos Gongora, Hafeez Hassan, Sameer Ather
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
SP0007 Histopathology of ILD in rheumatic disease - what clues does it provide RE pathogenesis and treatment options
Authors: A. Wells
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The idea that histopathologic patterns might provide treatment options and pathogenetic insights in rheumatic disease is drawn from studies of idiopathic disease, in which histologic patterns have had a major role in prognostic evaluation. There is now a pathogenetic dichotomy in idiopathic disease. The “epithelial/fibrotic” pathogenetic model associated with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP, the pattern of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, can be contrasted with the “inflammatory/fibrotic” model of other fibrotic lung diseases, including organizing pneumonia (OP) and non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP). In these latter diseases, it is likely that inflammation precedes and leads to fibrosis. Do these distinctions apply equally to the rheumatic diseases? To explore whether parallel pathogenetic insights have developed: 1) The prevalence of histologic patterns in individual rheumatic diseases will be examined in relation to the patterns of disease progression in those diseases, including a) the usual patterns of disease progression and b) fatal acute exacerbations 2) Differences in the efficacy of therapy in different histologic sub-types (whether in achieving a response or preventing disease progression) will be compared between idiopat6hic disease and rheumatic disease. For both questions, some similarities exist between idiopathic and rheumatic diseases - but the resulting pathogenetic insights in rheumatic diseases are tentative, rather than definitive. Regarding treatment options 1) As the selection of treatment options is profoundly influenced by prognostic evaluation, the prognostic value of the histologic pattern, and also the CT estimation of the likely histologic pattern, will be reviewed in the rheumatic diseases. It is in rheumatoid arthritis, above all other individual rheumatic diseases, that the most evidence exists of parallelism with idiopathic disease. 2) The degree to which treatment outcomes in relation to underlying pattern influence the management strategy will be compared between rheumatic and idiopathic disease and from the similarities that exist, it will be argued that new therapies are definitely required for typical rheumatoid lung whereas existing therapies, although far from ideal, are more often effective in other rheumatic diseases. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
TRANSIENT RESPONDER OF CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY: THEIR PROPORTION, PREDICTORS AND PROGNOSIS
Authors: Takafumi Oka, Koichi Inoue, Koji Tanaka, Yuko Toyoshima, Takaaki Isshiki, Takeshi Kimura, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi, Kenji Ando, Satoshi Shizuta, Takeshi Arita, Satoki Fujii, Katsuomi Iwakura, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract P6-14-04: Rosehip extracts prevent triple negative breast cancer cell proliferation by regulation the phosphorylation of p70S6 Kinase.
Authors: TL Coburn, PD Cagle, AI Shofoluwe, PM Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer, characterized by its lack of the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), the estrogen receptor (ER), and the progesterone receptor (PR). Due to the lack of these hormone receptors, TNBC has abnormal therapeutic results; leading to the need for unique treatment methods. TNBC has a partial response to chemotherapy, which is associated with the lack of clinically established targeted therapies. Plant extracts have shown to be useful as chemopreventive agents due to their disruption of pro-survival and proliferative mechanisms on cancer cells. Rosehip extracts have shown potential anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells in vitro. This study investigated the effect of rosehip extracts in TNBC cell lines (HCC1806 and MB157) and basal-like breast cancer cell lines (HCC70 and HCC1500). To determine the inhibitory role of rosehip extracts in cell proliferation, MTT assays were conducted, following treatment with varying concentrations of rosehip extracts (1mg/ml, 250ug/ml, 25ug/ml, and 25ng/ml) for 48 hours. The data suggests that rosehip extracts, can significantly decrease cell proliferation in all the breast cancer cell lines assayed. Preliminary studies suggest that this is accomplished without toxic effects. Western blot analysis was used to investigate which signaling pathway rosehip extracts were affecting. Western Blot analysis suggests that rosehip extracts are inhibiting p70 S6 kinase phosphorylation and its ability to act as a kinase for S6 ribosomal protein. Based on these findings, rosehip extracts prevent cell proliferation by interfering with the p70 S6 kinase signaling. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-14-04.
FRI0345 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (EGPA): clinical presentation and long-term outcomes of different disease subsets
Authors: C. Baldini, M. Latorre, V. Seccia, A. Della Rossa, A. G. Tavoni, R. Talarico, T. Chiara, M. Mosca, P. Paggiaro, S. Bombardieri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this single center study was to describe the epidemiologic, serological and clinical features and long term outcomes of patients who have been diagnosed with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangitis (EGPA) based on the history or presence of asthma plus eosinophilia plus pulmonary infiltrates plus sinus abnormality (i.e. "eosinophilic phenotype") in comparison with patients who met the additional 1990 ACR classification criteria of neuropathy and/or presented histopathological evidence of eosinophilic vasculitis (i.e. "vasculitic phenotype"). <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with a diagnosis of EGPA made according to the 1990 ACR classification criteria for the disease were enrolled in this retrospective study. Data collected included: 1) gender 2) age at diagnosis 3) age at inclusion 4) ACR classification criteria fulfilled 5) cumulative clinical features retrospectively assessed according to the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) glossary 6) blood and sputum eosinophil count at the diagnosis 7) ANCA status 8) long term outcomes (i.e. relapses, and damage recorded by the VDI). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13 (SPSS Inc., Chicago IL, USA). A 2-tailed value of p &lt; 0.05 was taken to indicate statistical significance <h3>Results</h3> We enrolled 47 EGPA patients (23F:24M; mean age at the onset 47±15yrs; mean follow-up 7±5yrs). According to the ACR criteria fulfilled: 13/47 had an "eosinophilic phenotype" and 34/47 a "vasculitic phenotype". ANCA-MPO were detected in 21/47 (44%) patients. Patients with "vasculitic" manifestations were older at the diagnosis (49±14 vs 39±13 yrs, p=0.28) and showed a higher prevalence of cutaneous manifestations (p=0.04) and a higher positivity for ANCA-MPO (p=0.02). The "eosinophilic" subset presented higher sputum eosinophil count (p=0.04) and a higher prevalence of bronchiectasis (p=0.003). Patients with ANCA-MPO positivity had less frequent cardiac manifestations (p=0.04) and a higher prevalence of relapses (p=0.006). No significant differences were observed regarding other systemic manifestations, asthma control, therapeutic approaches, BVAS, VDI, FFS and quality of life between the two disease subsets. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study confirmed the presence of different pathogenetic and clinical subsets in EGPA, however, their respective global outcomes do not clearly differ. Asthma was poorly controlled in both the "vasculitic" and the "eosinophilic" subsets. In the latter, the evidence that a higher eosinophilic-mediated bronchial inflammation may contribute to the asthma severity sheds a new light for targeted therapies in EGPA. <b>Disclosure of Interest</b>: None Declared
PERFORMANCE OF CARDIAC CT COMPARED TO FUNCTIONAL TESTING IN WOMEN AND MEN WITH SUSPECTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: THE MULTICENTER, RANDOMIZED CRESCENT TRIAL
Authors: Marisa Lubbers, Admir Dedic, Adriaan Coenen, Tjebbe Galema, Jurgen Akkerhuis, Tobias Bruning, Boudewijn Krenning, Paul Musters, Mohamed Ouhlous, Anho Liem, Andre Niezen, M.G. Myriam Hunink, Ron van Domburg, Pim de Feijter, Koen Nieman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Association between temperature, humidity and ebolavirus disease outbreaks in Africa, 1976 to 2014
Authors: S Ng, B J Cowling
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Ebolavirus disease (EVD) outbreaks have been occurring sporadically in Central Africa since 1976. In 2014, the first outbreak in West Africa was reported in Guinea. Subsequent outbreaks then appeared in Liberia, Sierra Leone and Nigeria. The study of environmental factors underlying EVD epidemiology may provide useful insights into when and where EVD outbreaks are more likely to occur. In this paper, we aimed to investigate the association between climatic factors and onset of EVD outbreaks in humans. Our results suggest lower temperature and higher absolute humidity are associated with EVD outbreak onset in the previous EVD outbreaks in Africa during 1976 to 2014. Potential mechanisms through which climate may have an influence on ebolavirus infection in the natural host, intermediate hosts and humans are discussed. Current and future surveillance efforts should be supported to further understand ebolavirus transmission events between and within species.
Prostate Week Attempts To Raise Awareness
Authors: K. N. Williams
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Prostate Week Attempts To Raise Awareness Get access Kymber N. Williams Kymber N. Williams Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 18, 20 September 1989, Pages 1355–1356, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.18.1355 Published: 20 September 1989
P294 Factors Affecting Cpap Compliance
Authors: J. Stockley, S. Huq, S. Madathil, J. Hunt, B. Cooper
Journal: Thorax (2014)

Rationale  Due to the nature and sensation of CPAP, not all patients comply with the treatment. Factors such as age, degree of sleepiness, health status, BMI and sleep apnoea severity may influence CPAP adherence. We sought to determine if these and other factors, particularly socioeconomic status, influence CPAP compliance of our patients.  Methods  Demographic data (including age, sex, race and BMI), Epworth Sleepiness Score, Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI; Desaturations/hour >4% SpO 2 ) and prescribed CPAP were retrospectively collected from all patients who had been issued CPAP between 2009 and 2013. In addition, the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) Score and Rank were retrieved from the www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk website. These parameters were then compared between CPAP “compliers” (≥4 hrs/night and ≥4 nights/week) and “non-compliers” (  Results  We obtained complete data from 407 patients over the four years period. Compliance was achieved in 70.5% of patients. CPAP compliers had significantly worse sleep apnoea (ODI), degree of sleepiness (Epworth) and a higher BMI (Table 1);  Conclusions  Our data show a good level of compliance compared to previous reports (Shapiro  et al .  Sleep Breath  2010; 14: 323–25) and patient adherence at 12 months is better than previously reported (Bollig.  Respir Care  2010; 55: 1230–9). Although ODI, Epworth and BMI were significantly higher in the CPAP compliers, the differences were only modest. Among the demographics tested, none seem to have a major influence on CPAP compliance in our cohort of patients.
Guinea Pig Airway Hyperresponsiveness Induced by Blockade of the Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor
Authors: HIROSHI KANAZAWA, KAZUTO HIRATA, JUNICHI YOSHIKAWA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Losartan is the first angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist to become available for the treatment of hypertension. However, recent reports have revealed several cases of losartan-induced bronchoconstriction. We investigated to determine the mechanism of losartan-induced bronchoconstriction, considering in particular the involvement of endogenous nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we examined the effects of losartan on airway obstruction and endogenous NO production using anesthetized guinea pigs and cultured airway epithelial cells. Five minutes after administration of angiotensin II (Ang II), the bronchoconstriction induced by acetylcholine was not changed. In contrast, Ang II in the presence of losartan caused a significant increase in the acetylcholine responsiveness. Pretreatment with L-N omega-nitroarginine-methylester (L-NAME) potentiated acetylcholine-induced bronchoconstriction 5 min after administration of Ang II, and L-arginine reversed this action of L-NAME on the acetylcholine responsiveness. Moreover, Ang II administration increased NO concentration in expired air (12.5 +/- 1.5 ppb for saline, 40 +/- 5 ppb for Ang II, p < 0.01), and losartan significantly inhibited Ang II-stimulated NO release (20 +/- 3.5 ppb) from guinea pig airway. In cultured airway epithelial cells, Ang II also increased NO release (160 +/- 25 nM), and the effect of this Ang II-induced NO release was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with losartan (25 +/- 8 nM, p < 0.01). These findings suggest that losartan-induced bronchoconstriction may result from inhibition of endogenous NO release in the airway.
Abstract 2787: Discovery of GDC-0980, a selective PI3K/mTOR inhibitor in clinical trials
Authors: Daniel P. Sutherlin, Marcia Belvin, Linda Bao, Leanne Berry, Megan Berry, Georgette Castanedo, Kyle Edgar, Adrian Folkes, Lori Friedman, Tim Heffron, Sonal Patel, Alan Olivero, John Lesnick, Cristina Lewis, James Marsters, Jim Nonomiya, Jodie Pang, Wei Wei Prior, Laurent Salphati, Deepak Sampath, Vickie Tsui, Jeff Wallin, BinQing Wei, Christian Weismann, Bing-Yan Zhu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

PI3 Kinase and mTOR have been identified as promising targets for the treatment of cancer. These enzymes participate in related, but not redundant, signaling networks to transmit cellular growth and survival signals, which are hallmarks of tumor growth. An interest in targeting both of these two important points along this critical signaling pathway, and the ability to leverage the high degree of structural similarity in the active sites of PI3K and mTOR kinase, has resulted in the discovery of GDC-0980 as a Class I PI3K and mTOR kinase inhibitor for oncology indications. The structure, efficacy, and medicinal chemistry behind the discovery of this compound is described.Beginning with the morpholin-4-yl-thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine core of the Class I PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941, structural substitutions were made external to the core that added mTOR potency, improved the metabolic stability in vitro and in vivo, and lowered the plasma protein binding of the scaffold. Homology models of mTOR using PI3Kγ structures with bound inhibitors provided hypotheses for increasing mTOR potency relative to previous compounds. The solubility of the modified compounds was improved through the addition of polar functionality in the solvent exposed region of the scaffold, resulting in GDC-0980.GDC-0980 is potent across Class I isoforms with IC50's of 5, 27, 7, and 14 nM for PI3Kα, β, Δ, and γ, and inhibits mTOR with a Ki of 17 nM. The compound is highly selective versus a large panel of kinases including others in the PIK family. Based on the excellent PK profile, linear increase in exposure, strong potency in a broad range of cancer cells, and high free fraction, GDC-0980 is efficacious in animal models of cancer when dosed orally at low doses. Furthermore, this compound is efficacious when dosed intermittently as well as on a daily schedule. These preclinical data provide compelling support for GDC-0980 as a clinical candidate, and early stage clinical trials are underway.Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2787. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2787