tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thiamine Deficiency and Thiamine Requirements in C3H Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Morris, Harold P., Dubnik, Celia S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1947)

Journal Article Thiamine Deficiency and Thiamine Requirements in C3H Mice Get access Harold P. Morris, Harold P. Morris National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Celia S. Dubnik Celia S. Dubnik National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 8, Issue 3, December 1947, Pages 127–137, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/8.3.127 Published: 01 December 1947 Article history Received: 05 August 1947 Published: 01 December 1947
Measles virus genotyping an important tool in measles outbreak investigation in Norway, 2011
Authors: K Vainio, T W Steen, T M Arnesen, K Rønning, G Ånestad, S Dudman
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

This study describes 33 laboratory-confirmed cases of measles that occurred in Norway in 2011, mainly among unvaccinated children between seven months and 10 years of age. Laboratory testing included detection of anti-measles IgM- and IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and molecular detection and characterisation of measles virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Epidemiological data and genotyping revealed that the measles cases originated from eight separate importations, resulting in four outbreaks and four sporadic cases. Except for the first outbreak which affected 18 cases, limited secondary spread occurred in each of the three other outbreaks. The outbreaks were caused by measles virus genotypes B3, D4 and D9, whereas genotypes D8 and B3 were detected in the sporadic cases. This study highlights that genetic characterisation of measles virus is an essential tool in the laboratory surveillance of measles, especially in countries like Norway which are approaching the measles elimination goal. The investigation revealed that importation of measles resulted in subsequent transmission within Norway to non-vaccinated individuals, and twelve cases occurred in healthcare settings, involving both staff and children. The four cases detected among healthcare workers (HCWs) emphasised that the coverage of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination among healthcare personnel needs to be improved and both primary and secondary vaccine failure was demonstrated in two fully immunised HCWs.
PTU-011 Impact of weight loss after bariatric surgery on adenoma detection rate in colonoscopy: a case control study
Authors: A Cracco, K Tandon, FG Rodrigues, M Imam, RJ Rosenthal, F Castro, G Dasilva, SD Wexner
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Studies have determined that a high Body Mass Index (BMI) is associated with an increased risk of colonic adenoma. There is a paucity of data on the impact of weight loss in morbidly obese populations and its effects on colonic adenoma detection rate (ADR). This study aimed to determine the impact of weight loss after bariatric surgery on the adenoma detection rate on colonoscopy. <h3>Method</h3> After IRB approval a retrospective review of prospectively collected data was performed for patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2004–2012. Patients who had a colonoscopy after bariatric surgery were identified as cases. Controls included a random sample of patients who had a colonoscopy during the same timeperiod. They were matched by age and gender in 1:4 ratio of case to controls. Patients with poor bowel preparation or Ottawa score &gt;11 were excluded. Patient demographics, baseline BMI and BMI at colonoscopy, weight change, co-morbidities, type of bariatric surgery and presence/absence of adenoma or advanced adenoma (AA) were collected. Adenoma and AA detection rates were analysed by age (&lt;40; 40–49; 50–59; &gt;60 years) and compared between the two groups. AA was defined as tubular adenoma or serrated polyp ≥10 mm in diameter, villous features, high-grade dysplasia. Hyperplastic polyps ≥10 mm were classified as advanced adenoma. <h3>Results</h3> 194 cases and 797 controls were included (females 68%). The mean age of patients was 51.5 years. 62.3% of the patients underwent gastric bypass, 28.5% sleeve gastrectomy and 9.2% gastric band. Average decrease in BMI after bariatric surgery was 13 ± 5.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The median follow-up was 31.6 (2–107) months. The average BMI at the time of colonoscopy of the cases and controls was 32 ± 6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>and 27.4 ± 5.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>respectively. There was no significant difference in adenoma and AA detection rate between groups analysed by age. Among those who underwent bariatric surgery, there was no relation between the occurrence of adenomas and BMI reduction; however the effect of BMI reduction on the occurrence of AA did approach significance. (P = 0.05). The time interval between bariatric surgery and colonoscopy was not related to the incidence of adenoma nor AA. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite the differences in BMI between the patients and controls we found no difference in adenoma or advanced adenoma detection. BMI reduction after bariatric surgery did not affect the presence of adenomas but may be associated with a significant decrease in the risk of developing AA. Further studies with large population data might be required to validate these findings. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

IntestineSuturesA comprehensive survey of the history of intestinal sutures by Getzen85 concluded with a summary of 386 patients with many types of anastomoses of various segments of the gastrointestinal tract, all of the everting type. There were only four anastomotic leaks. Despite his enthusiasm, few surgeons have adopted his method.They tend to agree that inverting sutures are best. In this respect a careful experimental study in dogs by Abramowitz86 has shown conclusively that an omental seal is responsible for an intact everted anastomosis, whereas the inverting anastomosis is safe despite a lack of omentum.Crohn's DiseaseTyers . . .
Difficult enteral stenting made simple
Authors: Amit Desai, Amy Tyberg, Steve Zerbo, Reem Sharaiha, Michel Kahaleh
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Enteral stenting is an accepted palliative option for malignant strictures. Long narrow duodenal strictures can be technically challenging [1] [2]. A 55-year-old man with a history of Crohn's disease and a newly diagnosed malignant duodenal stricture presented with poor oral intake. Abdominal imaging revealed extensive metastatic disease with proximal duodenal obstruction without biliary obstruction. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with stent placement was performed.
Calcium channel blockers. Progression of renal disease.
Authors: Krishna Gg, Narins Rg
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Once initiated, chronic renal disease inexorably progresses to end stage. Recent studies of various experimental renal disorders have shown that normalization of glomerular capillary flow and pressure, either by restricting protein intake or by administering converting enzyme inhibitors, slows this progression. Because the hemodynamic actions of Ca2+ channel blockers modify the angiotensin II-induced renal changes, these drugs have the potential for altering the course of renal disorders. These agents also protect the kidney from ischemic injury and nephrocalcinosis and reduce platelet aggregation, which can further contribute to the preservation of renal function. The published studies regarding the role of Ca2+ channel blockers in chronic renal disease, however, do not allow drawing firm conclusions. The effect of these agents might depend on the nature of renal disease and the drug and dose used. Controlled trials are needed before these drugs can be recommended for preservation of renal function.
Psychopathology of very mild dementia of the Alzheimer type
Authors: E H Rubin, D A Kinscherf
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The authors describe psychiatric abnormalities, including personality and affective changes and psychotic symptoms, associated with very mild senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. The behavioral and affective changes in the subjects with very mild dementia resembled those occurring in subjects with mild dementia, but psychotic symptoms rarely occurred until the dementia had progressed to at least a mild stage.
SP0075 Clinical Approaches to Opioid use in Chronic Pain
Authors: J. Ashworth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

The use of opioids in chronic musculoskeletal pain is increasingly common and is consistently recommended as second line pharmacological treatment in guidelines. However, opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer pain remains controversial. Effectiveness studies on the long term benefits and safety of opioid use are lacking and the epidemiological literature raises concerns about potential harms including greater disability, depression, lower quality of life, increased fractures and higher risk of overdose. In the presence of such uncertainty, a pragmatic and functional approach to individual patient selection, titration, monitoring and discontinuation of opioids is recommended. When opioids do not result in the desired functional improvement, dose tapering and discontinuation alongside multidisciplinary non-pharmacological approaches to aid self-management may be more effective than dose escalation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Ashworth Speakers bureau: I have received honoraria for speaking at meetings sponsored by the following pharmaceutical companies, NAPP, Eli Lily &amp; Pfizer
SAT0129 Kidney Function, Endothelial Activation and Atherosclerosis in Black and White Africans with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: P.H. Dessein, H.-C. Hsu, L. Tsang, A.M. Millen, A.J. Woodiwiss, G.R. Norton, A. Solomon, M.A. Gonzalez-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The role of impaired kidney function in enhanced atherogenesis associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) requires further elucidation. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether kidney function independently relates to endothelial activation and ultrasound determined carotid atherosclerosis in black and white Africans with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We calculated the Jelliffe, 5 Cockcroft-Gault equations, Salazar-Corcoran, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) equations in 233 (112 black) RA patients. <h3>Results</h3> The CKD-EPI eGFR was &lt;90 ml/min/1.73m<sup>2</sup> in 49.1% and 30.6% of black and white patients, respectively (odds ratio (95% confidence interval)=2.19 (1.28-3.75), p=0.004). EGFRs were overall consistently associated with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and angiopoietin 2 concentrations in white patients, and with carotid intima-media thickness and plaque in black participants. Amongst black patients, plaque prevalence was 36.7% and the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was not associated with plaque presence for the MDRD equation (p=0.3), whereas the respective relationship was significant or borderline significant (p=0.003 to 0.08) and of similar extent (p&gt;0.1 for comparisons of AUC (SE)) for the other 8 equations. Based on optimal eGFR cutoff values with sensitivities and specificities ranging from 42 to 60% and 70 to 91% respectively, as determined in ROC curve analysis, a low eGFR increased the odds ratio for plaque 2.2 to 4.0 fold. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Reduced kidney function is independently associated with atherosclerosis and endothelial activation in black and white Africans with RA, respectively. CKD is highly prevalent in black Africans with RA. Apart from the MDRD, eGFR equations are useful in predicting carotid plaque presence, a coronary heart disease equivalent, amongst black African RA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
2′,5′-Oligoadenylate-Antisense Chimeras Cause RNase L to Selectively Degrade bcr/abl mRNA in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells
Authors: Avudaiappan Maran, Cornelius F. Waller, Jayashree M. Paranjape, Guiying Li, Wei Xiao, Kerry Zhang, Matt E. Kalaycio, Ratan K. Maitra, Alan E. Lichtin, Wolfram Brugger, Paul F. Torrence, Robert H. Silverman
Journal: Blood (1998)
A study of young men with alcoholic close relatives
Authors: M A Schuckit
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

In this first stage of a prospective investigation, the author found that 14% of 304 male university students and employees responding to a questionnaire had alcoholic first-degree relatives. While these 44 men had demographic and alcohol-intake characteristics similar to those of the other subjects, they had significantly more alcohol, drug, and psychiatric problems. These findings are consistent with reports of an enhanced risk for future alcoholism in young men with alcoholic relatives. This study demonstrates the feasibility of surveying populations of young men to identify individuals at hypothesized risk for alcoholism and reinforces the need for prospective studies of alcoholism in different groups.
The language of paranoia
Authors: T E Oxman, S D Rosenberg, G J Tucker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

In order to assess which of three current models is most useful in understanding paranoia, the authors applied computer speech content analysis to 55 patients--24 of whom were in four groups expressing paranoid delusions and 31 of whom were in four groups not expressing such delusions. The results delineated a semantic or verbal profile of paranoid self-presentation. This self-presentation is more identifiable than the effects of any other patient characteristic, even if the delusion is not discussed by the patient. The strength of the statistical evidence supports the model of paranoid delusions as a separate disease rather than as a subtype of schizophrenia or as a trait that exists on a spectrum from normality to pathology.
Aortic Dissection in Patients With Genetically Mediated Aneurysms
Authors: Jonathan W. Weinsaft, Richard B. Devereux, Liliana R. Preiss, Attila Feher, Mary J. Roman, Craig T. Basson, Alexi Geevarghese, William Ravekes, Harry C. Dietz, Kathryn Holmes, Jennifer Habashi, Reed E. Pyeritz, Joseph Bavaria, Karianna Milewski, Scott A. LeMaire, Shaine Morris, Dianna M. Milewicz, Siddharth Prakash, Cheryl Maslen, Howard K. Song, G. Michael Silberbach, Ralph V. Shohet, Nazli McDonnell, Tabitha Hendershot, Kim A. Eagle, Federico M. Asch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Alexithymia and the Split Brain
Authors: W.D. TenHouten, K.D. Hoppe, J.E. Bogen, D.O. Walter
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

8 cerebral commissurotomy patients and 8 precision-matched normal control subjects were shown a 3-minute videotaped film symbolically depicting the deaths of a baby and of a boy. After each of 4 showings, all subjects were questioned about the symbolic and emotional contents of the film. Content analyses of the subjects' spoken and written responses were carried out on the lexical level. The commissurotomized patients, in comparison to their normal controls, used a lower percentage of affect-laden words, had a higher percentage of incomplete sentences, used a higher percentage of auxiliary verbs, and used a lower percentage of adjectives. Commissurotomy patients were significantly closer to the alexithymic pole of a factor derived from these 4 variables.
Outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis phage type 13a: case-control investigation in Hertsmere, United Kingdom
Authors: O Morgan, L Milne, S Kumar, D Murray, W Man, M Georgiou, N Q Verlander, E de Pinna, M McEvoy
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

Cases of illness were reported to Hertsmere Borough Council among attendees of a children's charity event in June 2006. Initial laboratory investigation identified Salmonella Enteritidis PT13a as a possible cause of the outbreak. We carried out an unmatched case-control investigation. The population at risk included all individuals who attended the event. Self-completion questionnaires were sent to 53 presumptive cases and 212 randomly selected potential controls. Information was available for 49 cases and 128 controls (overall response rate=75%). We calculated odds ratios from single and multivariable analysis and tested for all two-way interactions. Risk factors for diarrhoea were eating egg mayonnaise bagels (OR=34.1, 95%CI 10.5 - 111.3) and drinking apple juice (OR=16.1, 95% CI 3.5 - 74.2). There was weak statistical evidence to suggest that the risk of diarrhoea after eating egg mayonnaise bagels was greater in the afternoon. No food samples were available to confirm which food item might have caused this outbreak. Eggs from Spain were used by the caterer. The ecology of salmonella, experience from previous outbreaks and epidemiological findings from this case-control investigation suggest that the most likely cause of the outbreak was contaminated eggs.
Varicocele and subfertility.
Authors: H Gall
Journal: BMJ (1978)

At first the anatomic conditions are represented: the anastomosis between the left and the right pampiniform plexus and the causes for the dominant occurrence on the left side of the idiopathic varicocele. The author deals with the consequences, anatomic changes and disturbances of the function caused by the varicocele as well as its targets. The relation between varicocele and subfertility is proved, in the course of which the importance of the progressive motility is accentuated. The theories of the mechanism of damage are discussed. The methods of treatment, ligation and sclerosing of the left internal spermatic vein are described; the results after the operation are compared.
Spontaneous Adenocarcinomas of the Ventral Prostate of Aged A X C Rats 2
Authors: Sydney A. Shain, Bruce McCullough, Albert Segaloff
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Spontaneous Adenocarcinomas of the Ventral Prostate of Aged A X C Rats Get access Sydney A. Shain, Sydney A. Shain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bruce McCullough, Bruce McCullough Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Albert Segaloff Albert Segaloff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 1, July 1975, Pages 177–180, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.1.177 Published: 01 July 1975 Article history Received: 15 January 1975 Accepted: 27 March 1975 Published: 01 July 1975
Casein-Coated Fe<sub>5</sub>C<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticles with Superior r<sub>2</sub> Relaxivity for Liver-Specific Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Taku A. Cowger, Wei Tang, Zipeng Zhen, Kai Hu, David E. Rink, Trever J. Todd, Geoffrey D. Wang, Weizhong Zhang, Hongmin Chen, Jin Xie
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

Iron oxide nanoparticles have been extensively used as T2 contrast agents for liver-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The applications, however, have been limited by their mediocre magnetism and r2 relaxivity. Recent studies show that Fe5C2 nanoparticles can be prepared by high temperature thermal decomposition. The resulting nanoparticles possess strong and air stable magnetism, suggesting their potential as a novel type of T2 contrast agent. To this end, we improve the synthetic and surface modification methods of Fe5C2 nanoparticles, and investigated the impact of size and coating on their performances for liver MRI. Specifically, we prepared 5, 14, and 22 nm Fe5C2 nanoparticles and engineered their surface by: 1) ligand addition with phospholipids, 2) ligand exchange with zwitterion-dopamine-sulfonate (ZDS), and 3) protein adsorption with casein. It was found that the size and surface coating have varied levels of impact on the particles' hydrodynamic size, viability, uptake by macrophages, and r2 relaxivity. Interestingly, while phospholipid- and ZDS-coated Fe5C2 nanoparticles showed comparable r2, the casein coating led to an r2 enhancement by more than 2 fold. In particular, casein coated 22 nm Fe5C2 nanoparticle show a striking r2 of 973 mM(-1)s(-1), which is one of the highest among all of the T2 contrast agents reported to date. Small animal studies confirmed the advantage of Fe5C2 nanoparticles over iron oxide nanoparticles in inducing hypointensities on T2-weighted MR images, and the particles caused little toxicity to the host. The improvements are important for transforming Fe5C2 nanoparticles into a new class of MRI contrast agents. The observations also shed light on protein-based surface modification as a means to modulate contrast ability of magnetic nanoparticles.
AB1200 Prospective Clinical Evaluation of a New Anatomic Cuff for Forearm Crutches
Authors: A. Arnieri, A. Mündermann, T. Hügle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Due to demographic changes, an increasing number of individuals depends on permanent walking aids. The use of forearm crutches is associated with pressure load on hands and forearms which can lead to overuse symptoms such as pain, skin bruises or nerve compression. We have recently shown that the main pressure on the forearm during forearm crutch walking is located along the ulnar bone. <h3>Objectives</h3> To clinically evaluate a recently developed anatomic cuff for forearm crutches. <h3>Methods</h3> A clinical pilot study was performed. The design was prospective, longitudinal and uncontrolled with a 4 weeks follow up. Nine patients permanently using conventional forearm crutches for degenerative joint or spine impairment were included. Participants used the forearm crutches with novel anatomically shaped cuffs (Ulnar Pro, Rebotec, Quakenbrueck, Germany) and an anatomic handgrip. The SF36v2 health survey and a questionnaire accessing pain, paraesthesia, comfort and sense of security based on 9-point Likert-scale were used to assess clinical improvement from baseline to the 4-week study end point. <h3>Results</h3> Pain (p=.005) and paraesthesia (p=.003) over the ulna decreased and comfort (p=0.003) and sense of security (p=0.004) increased with the anatomic cuff compared to the previously used conventional cuff. Similarly, physical functioning (p=.021), role physical (p=.005), bodily pain (p=.005) and general health (p=.012) measured using the SF36 survey improved. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The anatomic cuff appears superior to conventional cuffs in terms of reduced pain and increased comfort at the forearm. This result is clinically relevant for short and long term users of forearm crutches to reduce discomfort and complications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> A. Arnieri: None declared, A. Mündermann: None declared, T. Hügle Consultant for: Dr. Hügle was involved in the development of the anatomic cuff.
Increased Background Activity in DMSA Scintigraphy of a Nonazotemic Patient With β-Thalassemia Major
Authors: Anna Paschali, Spyridon Tsiouris
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Renal DMSA uptake provides an index for evaluation of the functional tubular mass, which depends on the renal blood flow, proximal tubular cell membrane function, and urinary acid-base balance. We present a case of a nonazotemic 48-year-old adult with β-thalassemia major under regular blood transfusions and iron chelation therapy that underwent DMSA scan showing minor cortical abnormalities and high background activity, featuring prominent cardiac blood pool and liver uptake. This case highlights the pitfall of high background activity during DMSA study in patients with β-thalassemia major due to tubular disorders.