tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Herniorrhaphy in Cirrhosis of the Liver with Ascites
Authors: Robert H. Yonemoto, Charles S. Davidson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

HERNIA is known to be more frequent among patients with cirrhosis of the liver, especially with ascites, than among those without liver disease. Chapman et al.1 reported a rate of 10 per cent in 58 patients without ascites whereas among those with ascites, the figure was 23.8 per cent (47 out of 112 cases). Henrikson2 stated that hernia occurred in 16 per cent (26 out of 162 cases) of patients with cirrhosis (with and without ascites).It is well recognized that surgical procedures, including herniorrhaphy, are often poorly tolerated when cirrhosis is severe. Thus, poor wound healing might be expected . . .
Cosmetic surgeons should be certified in their area of practice, says new guidance
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The Royal College of Surgeons and the General Medical Council (GMC) have published new guidance on cosmetic procedures but called on the government to include legislation in the next Queen’s speech to fully protect patients.

The college’s new Professional Standards for Cosmetic Surgery states that surgeons who perform cosmetic surgery should be certified in the area of surgery in which they practise.1

The GMC guidance, which was developed after a public consultation, covers surgical procedures, such as breast augmentation, and non-surgical procedures, such as botulinum toxin (Botox). It makes clear the ethical obligations doctors have to patients and the standards …
Abstract 3649: Broad profiling reveals opportunities for selective inhibition of disease-associated mutant kinases
Authors: Krisna C. Duong-Ly, Karthik Devarajan, Shuguang Liang, Kurumi Horiuchi, Yuren Wang, Haiching Ma, Jeffrey R. Peterson
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Small molecule kinase inhibitors are promising therapeutic agents in a number of diseases, most notably cancer. However, mutations in kinases, both intrinsic and acquired, can drastically alter inhibitor sensitivity. To identify inhibitors of disease-associated mutant kinases, we conducted an unbiased functional screen of 182 small molecule kinase inhibitors against 76 mutated recombinant kinases arising from 21 cognate wild-type kinases. The results revealed novel lead compounds that were exquisitely selective for mutant kinases, including several that exhibited preferred inhibition of mutant kinases over their cognate wild-type kinases. This study provides a resource for the development of novel small molecule inhibitors against disease-associated mutant kinases and illustrates the potential of unbiased large-scale profiling as an approach to compound-centric kinase inhibitor discovery. Citation Format: Krisna C. Duong-Ly, Karthik Devarajan, Shuguang Liang, Kurumi Horiuchi, Yuren Wang, Haiching Ma, Jeffrey R. Peterson. Broad profiling reveals opportunities for selective inhibition of disease-associated mutant kinases. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3649. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3649
Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia.
Authors: S Slater, A Z Rohatiner, M Murphy, J Amess, M Carter, T A Lister, S Johnson, M Ewings
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1997.15.4.1710 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9193373 Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. S SlaterxS SlaterSearch for articles by this author , A Z RohatinerxA Z RohatinerSearch for articles by this author , M MurphyxM MurphySearch for articles by this author , J AmessxJ AmessSearch for articles by this author , M CarterxM CarterSearch for articles by this author , T A ListerxT A ListerSearch for articles by this author , S JohnsonxS JohnsonSearch for articles by this author , M EwingsxM EwingsSearch for articles by this author Show More https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1997.15.4.1710 PDF "Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 15(4), pp. 1710–1711© 1997 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Ankylosing Spondylitis with Subcutaneous Nodules
Authors: Marshall G. London, John H. Bland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IS ankylosing spondylitis a distinct entity1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or a variant of rheumatoid arthritis?11 12 13 14 15 16 17 McEwen et al.18 regard spondylitis restricted to sacroiliac joints and spine, with or without hip and shoulder involvement, as a distinct disorder; spondylitis with peripheral joint disease is considered a variant of rheumatoid arthritis. There seem to be sufficient differences between the two conditions clinically, radiologically, serologically and therapeutically to justify Graham's7 conclusion that ". . . The enforced marriage of rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis should be annulled on the basis of incompatibility."A striking difference between ankylosing spondylitis and rheumatoid arthritis cited by proponents of the . . .
Preservation of Bulk Chromatin With Decrease in Number of Chromosomes in Cells of an Established Bovine Kidney Line<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: Walter A. Nelson-Rees, Alexis J. Kniazeff, Norman B. Darby, Jr.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

The modal number of chromosomes in cells of the permanent bovine kidney line of Madin and Darby (MDBK) was found to be 52 as compared to 60 in primary lines. Concomitantly, the number of arms was reduced only by one, from 62 to 61. The latter number is apparently derived from at least one of 7 combinations of the species' characteristic telocentric autosomes and newly appearing chromosomes with inserted centromeres. Minute, heterochromatic chromosomes, commonly an index of reciprocal translocation between acrocentric chromosomes resulting in mediocentric chromosomes, were not evident. This instance of Robertsonian-like variation appearing in vitro favors an interpretation of direct fusion of apparently truly telocentric chromosomes in cattle.
Ratio of serum prolactin to haloperidol and early clinical outcome in acute psychosis
Authors: M E Swigar, P I Jatlow, N Goicoechea, C Opsahl, M B Bowers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The ratio of the increase in serum prolactin concentration to steady-state haloperidol concentration in acutely psychotic women correlated with early clinical improvement. Correction of prolactin response for neuroleptic concentration may provide a better clinical predictor than either measure alone.
A Randomized Trial Comparing Fluconazole with Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Candidemia in Patients without Neutropenia
Authors: John H. Rex, John E. Bennett, Alan M. Sugar, Peter G. Pappas, Charles M. van der Horst, John E. Edwards, Ronald G. Washburn, W. Michael Scheld, Adolf W. Karchmer, Alan P. Dine, Marcia J. Levenstein, C. Douglas Webb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Amphotericin B has long been the standard treatment for candidemia, but its use is complicated by its toxicity. More recently, fluconazole, a water-soluble triazole with activity against candida species and little toxicity, has become available. We conducted a multicenter randomized trial that compared amphotericin B with fluconazole as treatment for candidemia.
A Randomized Study of Coronary Angioplasty Compared with Bypass Surgery in Patients with Symptomatic Multivessel Coronary Disease
Authors: Christian W. Hamm, Jacobus Reimers, Thomas Ischinger, Hans-Jurgen Rupprecht, Jurgen Berger, Walter Bleifeld
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

The standard treatment for patients with symptomatic multivessel coronary artery disease is coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG). Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is widely used as an alternative approach to revascularization, but a systematic comparison of the two procedures is needed. We compared the outcomes in patients one year after complete revascularization with CABG or PTCA.
Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Prosthetic Mitral-Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Davide Astengo, Luigi Badano, Daniele Bertoli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

To the Editor: The article by van der Burg et al. (March 9 issue) 1 on debulking surgery after induction chemotherapy raises some important issues.The authors state that the morbidity associated with a second operation was similar to that associated with a primary surgical procedure.This means a doubling of morbidity in those assigned to this arm of the study, and the impact on quality of life (and cost effectiveness) must be balanced against the six-month improvement in median survival rates.It will be interesting to learn the actual five-year survival rate in both arms, and we hope the authors will supply this information in the future.The authors claim that the value of primary cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer is beyond doubt.We would suggest otherwise.The basis of present practice derives from a small retrospective series of patients 2 and a prospective study involving 26 patients. 3 If such information were proposed as a justification for the introduction of a new chemotherapeutic agent, it is doubtful that it would be accepted.There is agreement that clearance of all macroscopic tumor in early-stage disease is curative for many patients, though in advanced disease the effect of cytoreductive surgery is not beyond doubt, since to date this practice has never been examined in a prospective study.A recent meta-analysis has indicated that primary cytoreductive surgery has a minimal, if any, effect on survival rates in advanced ovarian cancer. 4 Until a study comparing the impact of radical surgery and chemotherapy with that of chemotherapy in patients with advanced disease is completed, patients may be inappropriately subjected to radical operations without enhancing their life expectancy.
PTU-309 Assessing the impact of a specialist dietitian led weight management service in hepatology
Authors: L Hyslop, VJ Appleby, H Roslan, S Moreea
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In 2013 Health service for England (HSE) reported that 62.1% of adults had a body mass index (BMI) of more than 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Obesity is a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is the most common cause of liver disease in the United Kingdom and western countries. Reduction in total body weight (TBW) through diet and lifestyle modification is the mainstay of management for NAFLD. We aimed to assess the impact of an outpatient dietitian led specialist weight (wt) management (mgt) service offered exclusively to patients (pts) known to hepatology services on changes in wt observed. Secondary outcomes assessed included reasons for referral to the service, the demographics of pts, adherence to follow up (FU) through the service and whether any wt loss was maintained 6 months post discharge (d/c) from the service. <h3>Method</h3> Information was analysed from a database created and maintained by dietitians. Data was collected on all pts accessing the service for 33 months between 2012–2014. <h3>Results</h3> In 33 months, 72% (204/284) of pts referred to the service attended for assessment (axe) (144/204 (71%) males (M); 60/204 (29%) females (F); age range 16–19, median age 43). 116/204 (57%) of pts were Caucasian and 88/204 (43%) of Asian ethnicity. After axe, future FU was optional. FU ranged from 1–12 appointments (apt): 79/204 (39%) attended 1 FU, 39/204 (19%) attended 2 FU, 21/204 (10%) 3 FU, 28/204 (14%) 4 FU apt and 37/204 (18%) attended 5 or more apt. At the end of the study 19/204 (10%) were still receiving care, 60/204 (29%) of pts attended all arranged FU, 104/204 (51%) of pts were d/c due non-attendance; 15/204 (7%) self d/c, 6/204 (3%) were lost to FU. 113/204 (55%) had more than 1 FU apt and wt changes were recorded in this cohort. FU time ranged from 4–107 weeks. In total 88/113 (78%) lost weight (59M, 29F), of these 35/88 (40%) of pts lost more than 5% of their TBW. Wt loss ranged from 0.3–30.4 kg; average wt loss: 4.1 kg per pt. No pts in this cohort received wt mx surgery. Long term data was available for 33 pts 6/12 after d/c from the service; 16/33 (48%) had regained wt, 4/33 (12%) had remained stable (defined as less than 0.5 kg increase or decrease in wt) and 13/33 (40%) had continued to lose wt. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Even though a significant number of patients failed to engage with service, wt loss results observed in pts adhering to FU and attending more than 1 apt with the dietitian led service were very encouraging. Poor engagement may be due to a lack of motivation, poor education on the role of the dietitian or pts failure to take ownership of their medical problems. Once d/c from the service, 48% of patients regained weight suggesting that motivation to continue to modify lifestyle and diet is poor once the period of active FU has ended. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
P190 Development of a respiratory question set for remote monitoring in motor neurone disease (MND)
Authors: HJ Ashcroft, H Ando, B Chakrabarti, R Halhead, P Levene, RM Angus
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Benefits of tele-monitoring (TM) of home non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in MND have been reported. Question sets for other respiratory conditions may not be transferrable. This work sought to develop questions transmitted via tablet device (Docobo Careportal®) allowing patients to inform clinicians of respiratory status, illness progression and NIV issues. <h3>Methods</h3> Modified Delphi methodology was used involving 4 stages: initial expert panel with clinicians (EP1), trial of questions and feedback sessions (FS) with patients, second panel with professionals (EP2). 21 questions were developed at EP1 and trialled with 9 patients (male = 7; mean = 58 years; mean illness duration = 52 months) for 8 weeks. FS were conducted after the trial to examine face validity, clarity and relevance. Each question was deemed clear if at least there was 80% agreement.18 questions were retained, 3 modified, 2 deleted and 5 added. EP2 repeated the process, the resulting final question set contained 26 items of which 17 generate a notification. Patients completed questions weekly, appropriateness of alerts was checked by phone call; the panel specified some notifications to be of greater clinical importance requiring intervention or further observation. It was possible to review reported issues against overnight oximetry and patient ventilation interaction data. <h3>Results</h3> For 12 weeks, 10 patients using NIV male = 7; mean (SD) age = 62 (8) years; median illness duration = 16.5 months, completed the final question set weekly. 210 alerts (geometric mean 15.3, IQ range 11–24.) were generated for; sleep quality, alertness, tiredness, NIV compliance, secretion clearance difficulty, increased secretions, and increased dyspnoea. 34 interventions resulted as described in the bar chart: the median number of interventions per patient was 2 (range = 0–9). <h3>Discussion</h3> To date the questions appear valid with no misunderstanding revealed. Appropriate and timely treatment adjustment and clinical review was facilitated. Prompt interventions may reduce psychological distress for patients and caregivers. This patient group are normally followed up three-monthly under the current NICE guidance; this question validation work suggests value in more frequent contact. Tele-monitoring, including symptom monitoring with a validated question set, may offer an alternative approach to following these complex patients.
Phase II study of telatinib (T) in combination with capecitabine (X) and cisplatin (P) as first-line treatment in patients (pts) with advanced cancer of the stomach (G) or gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ).
Authors: A. H. Ko, J. Tabernero, M. Garcia De Paredes, F. Rivera, F. M. Schnell, J. S. Baker, A. T. Phan, M. Alsina, K. Patel, J. A. Ajani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14575 Background: Telatinib (T) is a potent small molecule oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor selectively targeting the VEGF and PDGF receptor families. T has been administered in ∼250 pts with evidence of activity in gastric, renal, colorectal, and liver cancers. In combination chemotherapy (CT) studies with XELIRI, FOLFOX and docetaxel, full dose of T was well tolerated, did not contribute significant additional side effects and resulted in clinical benefit. The objective of this multi-center phase 2 study is to assess safety, tolerability and activity of T in combination with XP in pts with advanced cancer of G or GEJ. Methods: Pts with advanced or metastatic G/GEJ cancer, with measurable disease by RECIST, ECOG PS < 2, and no prior CT for advanced disease (prior neo/adjuvant allowed) received T 900 mg PO bid continuously + X 1,000 mg/m2 PO bid 14 on/7 days off + P 80 mg/m2 IV infusion once every 3 wks until the occurrence of PD or intolerable toxicity. The primary endpoint is PFS. Secondary endpoints are overall survival, ORR, safety, tolerability, PK and biomarker assessment. Results: To date, 19 pts enrolled at 6 centers in the US and Spain. Baseline characteristics: M-13, F-6; median age: 59 yrs (range 44-79); ECOG PS: 0-5, 1-14; primary tumor: G-10, GEJ-9; extent of disease: locally advanced-1, metastatic-18; site of metastases: lymph nodes-9, liver-10, other-9. Grade 3 toxicities are observed in 5 of 18 pts - hand-foot skin reaction (2), fatigue (2), hypertension (1), anorexia (1), febrile neutropenia (1), and pulmonary embolism (1). No grade 4 toxicity is reported. 17 pts remain active on therapy with median treatment duration of 2 cycles thus far (range 1-5). Dose modification is required with T (2), X (1) and P (3). Two pts discontinued study treatments (1 failure to thrive and 1 intolerant to CT). No deaths have been reported so far. Best response in the first 7 evaluable pts: PR-2, SD-4 and PD-1. Conclusions: T in combination with XP at full doses appears to be safe and feasible. Activity with the combination has been observed. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ACT Biotech ACT Biotech ACT Biotech
Abstract P280: The Association between Perceived Mental Stress and Mortality from Cardiovascular Disease is Modified by Education Level: The JACC Study
Authors: Wen Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background and Objective: Perceived mental stress has been associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease for Japanese men and women (Iso H et al. Circulation 2002), but it is uncertain which subgroup is vulnerable for an adverse effect of mental stress because of the limited number of deaths in 8-year follow-up. We extended the follow-up to 15 years which enable us to conduct the stratified analysis by educational level in order to test our hypothesis that high education individuals are vulnerable for an adverse effect of mental stress. Design: We examined the above hypothesis in a cohort of 99,449 Japanese (41,656 men and 57,793 women) aged 40 to 79 years, who had no history of stroke, coronary heart disease or cancer at baseline. Perceived mental stress was assessed at baseline by a lifestyle questionnaire administered between 1988 and 1990 under the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study, followed up to the end of 2006. Results: We documented a total of 3,801 (1,963 men and 1,838 women) deaths from total cardiovascular disease (ICD 10th revision, codes 101–199). The multivariable hazard ratio (95%, CI) of mortality from total cardiovascular disease for high versus low perceived mental stress was 1.22 (1.09 to 1.39, P for trend=0.01) in total subjects, 1.15 (0.99–1.34, P for trend=0.05) in men and 1.29 (1.09 to 1.52, P for trend=0.02) in women after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, sports time, walking time, hours of sleep, and psychological variables, including anger, hurry, self estimation of quick response, hopelessness, sense of joyfulness, being trusted and fulfillment. That association was stronger for persons with higher education (&gt;=12 years) than those with lower education (&lt;12 years). The respective multivariable hazard ratio were 1.69 (1.20–2.38, P for trend&lt;0.01) and 1.18 (1.05–1.34, P for trend=0.02) in total subjects, 1.69 (1.14–2.51, P for trend&lt;0.01) and 1.10 (0.93–1.30, P for trend=0.20) in men, 1.76 (0.84–3.61, P for trend=0.08) and 1.27 (1.07–1.50, P for trend=0.06) in women, although the interaction for mental stress and education did not reached statistical significance. Conclusion: An adverse effect of perceived mental stress on cardiovascular health was confirmed in the longer-term follow-up and it may be pronounced for higher education group than for lower educational group.
Investigation of the Relation between Clinical and Tissue-Culture Response to Chemotherapeutic Agents on Human Cancer
Authors: Jane C. Wright, Jewel Plummer Cobb, Stephen L. Gumport, Frederick M. Golomb, David Safadi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE objective of this investigation is to determine the relation between clinical and tissue-culture results with chemotherapeutic agents on human neoplastic diseases. A parallel to this approach is exemplified by the in vitro testing of bacteria as compared with the clinical results with the use of antimicrobial compounds.Eichorn et al.,1 in a tissue-culture assay of eight compounds on the mouse mammary 72J tumor and the mouse brain tumor 8110, found very close agreement with the results of the in vivo tests of the same compounds. In studies on the mouse glioma 26, Gellhorn and his associates2 observed some correlation . . .
Case 21-1966
Authors: Richmond Prescott, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

Presentation of CaseA seventy-five-year-old Italian woman entered the hospital because of dyspnea.The patient was well and able to keep house for her husband until two weeks before admission, when she had a respiratory infection characterized by a cough and low-grade fever. A physician prescribed a cough medication and an unknown spherical brown pill to be taken once daily. Progressive dyspnea and edema developed, accompanied by unremitting orthopnea. Moderate sweating occurred at night.She denied palpitation or pain in the chest or legs, and there was no history of varicose veins, hypertension, syncope, diabetes or jaundice.Physical examination revealed . . .