tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"LIVE BETTER ELECTRICALLY"
Authors: D J Silberman
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interrelations in Respiratory, Phosphorylative, and Mitotic Activity of Ehrlich Ascites-Tumor Cells: Influence of Sulfhydryl Reagents
Authors: Bernard Shacter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article Interrelations in Respiratory, Phosphorylative, and Mitotic Activity of Ehrlich Ascites-Tumor Cells: Influence of Sulfhydryl Reagents Get access Bernard Shacter Bernard Shacter Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland, and Cancer Research Institute, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 3, March 1957, Pages 455–462, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.3.455 Published: 01 March 1957 Article history Published: 01 March 1957 Received: 26 November 1957
THE TREATMENT OF BURNS AND SCALDS
Authors: P. H. Mitchiner
Journal: BMJ (1938)

In dealing with the treatment of burns and scalds in general practice one of the most important things to realize is the far better prognosis which can be given in the case of scalds than in the case of burns.For what- ever the treatment used, it is a well-established fact that the mortality rate in scalds is only one-third of that from burns, and therefore in any scald a correspondingly better prognosis can be given than in a burn of the same extent.
PTU-118 An audit of the prevalence of chronic hepatitis c and treatment outcomes in drug users attending substance misuse centres in bradford – planning for future service provision
Authors: VJ Appleby, E Darnbrough, K Forrester, R Simpson, C Clarke, S Moreea
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Injecting drug use including indirect sharing of drugs and preparation equipment is the most common mode of hepatitis C (HCV) transmission in the developed world. The prevalence of HCV in injecting drug users is between 64–94%.<sup>1</sup>HCV treatment (Tx) in this group is low for a number of well documented reasons. We wanted to establish the number of service users (SU) registered and attending three substance misuse centres in Bradford. We also wanted to establish the prevalence of HCV in this population. Secondary outcomes included determining the frequency of different genotypes and the outcome of referrals made to Viral Hepatitis Services (VHS) in secondary care. <h3>Method</h3> The electronic records of all SU were reviewed to establish the results of HCV screening. The VHS database was then interrogated to determine assessment (Axe) and Tx outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> 558 SU attended unit 1:(506 (91%) males (M); 52 (9%) females (F)). 372 (67%) were antibody negative (AB –ve), 133 (24%) (115M, 18F) were PCR positive (PCR +ve), 29 (5%) antibody positive/PCR negative (AB +ve/PCR –ve) and 24 (4%) had never been screened (NS). 63/133 (47%) had been Axe for Tx, 70/133 (53%) had not been referred to VHS. 47/63 (75%) were suitable for Tx, 16 (25%) either did not attend Axe or had outstanding psycho-social issues delaying Tx. In the Tx group, 25 (53%) had a six month (6/12) sustained virological response (SVR) (14 genotype (G)1, 2G2, 9G3). 13 (28%) stop/failed Tx, 6 (13%) were awaiting (aw) SVR (4G3,1G2,1G1) and 3 (6%) were still on Tx (all G3). 536 SU (315 (59%) M; 221 (41%) F) attended unit 2.354 (66%) were AB –ve, 69 (43F,26M) PCR +ve, 42 (8%) AB+ve/PCR –ve and 71 (13%) had NS. 21/69 (30%) had been assessed for Tx, 48 (70%) not yet referred. 14 (67%) were suitable and 7 (33%) had Tx delayed. In the Tx group 10 (72%) had 6/12 SVR (6G1,4G2); 2 (14%) stop/failed tx (1G1, 1G3); 1 G1 (7%) aw SVR; 1 G1 (7%) still on tx. 230 SU (167M (73%); 63F (27%)) attended unit 3. 152 (67%) AB –ve, 41 (35M,6F) PCR +ve, 23 (10%) AB+ve/PCR –ve, 13 (6%) NS. 20/41 (49%) had undergone Axe, 21 (51%) not referred. 12 (60%) were suitable for Tx, 8 (40%) had Tx delays. In the Tx group, 8 (67%) had 6/12 SVR (6G1,2G3); no-one failed tx; 3 (25%) still on tx (2G3, 1G1); 1 G1 (8%) a/w SVR. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The prevalence of chronic HCV was much lower than predicted. We identified that high numbers of patients are not currently been referred for assessment in secondary care. Increasing community based assessment and treatment services may help to address this problem <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Grebely J. Management of HCV and HIV infections among people who inject drugs. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2011;6(6): 501–507
Teaching psychological medicine to family practice residents
Authors: E R Smarr, R Berkow
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors describe the development of a curriculum focused on teaching residents in family practice how to recognize and deal with the psychological issues presented by patients and by their own reactions to patients. They describe how teachers in a medical school's divisions of family practice and psychosomatic and liaison psychiatry collaborated to develop an integrated training program and the changes this program effected in the attitudes and understanding of residents. They found that residents in this program shifted their emphasis from a narrow view of traditional medical diagnosis and treatment to a broader psycholgical-biological understanding of patients.
Interleukin-3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor induce activation of the MAPKAP kinase 2 resulting in in vitro serine phosphorylation of the small heat shock protein (Hsp 27)
Authors: A Ahlers, K Engel, C Sott, M Gaestel, F Herrmann, MA Brach
Journal: Blood (1994)
Abstract P6-08-08: Expression and role of ING3 gene in breast cancer
Authors: ME Kalender, M Cakir, S Ergun, S Oztuzcu, B Cengiz, M Ulasli, A Sevinc, C Camci
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Inhibitor of growth (ING) tumor suppressor gene family has been discovered over the past decade and five different genes have been identified from ING1 to ING5. They have some functions like cell transcription regulation, cell cycle control, DNA repair and apoptosis. Because of the fact that ING3 gene expression has not been studied in breast cancer so far, we aimed to determine whether there was a relationship between ING3 gene expression and breast cancer prognostic factors. Methods: 46 female breast cancer patients in different stages were enrolled to our study. ING3 gene expressions obtained from tumoral and healthy breast tissue samples of patients were evaluated together with pathological and histological parameters. Results: The median age of the patients was 49 years. ING3 expression rate has been significantly higher in the tumor tissue compared to normal tissue and was statistically significant (p=0.001). In estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) positive patients, gene expression ratio was significantly higher than negative ones (p&amp;lt;0.001 and p&amp;lt;0.001, respectively). ING3 expression in tumor tissues of the patients with advanced disease (stage 3-4) was detected higher than ones with early stage disease and it was found to be statistically significant at the border (p=0.048). Moreover, there were no significant changes when ING3 gene expressions were compared with c-erbB2 (Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2) status and tumor grade (p&amp;gt; 0.05). Conclusions: This study was the first study on ING3 gene expression in breast cancer. ING3 gene expression has been shown to be associated with the receptor positivity and advanced stage disease. Further studies should be conducted on the prognostic significance of ING3 gene in breast cancer. Citation Format: Kalender ME, Cakir M, Ergun S, Oztuzcu S, Cengiz B, Ulasli M, Sevinc A, Camci C. Expression and role of ING3 gene in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-08-08.
Novel Therapy with Interferon-α in Combination with Donor Lymphocyte Infusion for High Risk Acute Leukemia Patients Who Relapsed After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: XiaoWen Tang, Qianlan Zhou, Zhengming Jin, Chengcheng Fu, Chunmei Ye, Xiaolan Shi, Xiaohui Hu, Biyun Peng, Fan Ye, Yuxia Lu, Ziling Zhu, Yufeng Feng, Huirong Chang, Aining Sun, Wu Depei
Journal: Blood (2011)
DNA Methylation in Lung Cancer
Authors: Shinichi Toyooka, Keitaro Matsuo, Adi F Gazdar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: Brock et al. (March 13 issue)1 report that gene methylation, especially methylation of the p16 and CDH13 genes, was associated with early recurrence of stage I non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We previously evaluated the relationship between methylation of five genes and prognosis in 351 Japanese patients who underwent resection for NSCLC and found that only p16 methylation was significantly related to a poor prognosis.2 We analyzed our results again and found that methylation of both p16 and CDH13 was also associated with a poor prognosis in 199 patients with lung adenocarcinomas, even when these tumors were limited to stage I disease. We also reported that methylation of p16 and CDH13 was significantly less frequent in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant tumors than in EGFR wildtype tumors, suggesting less involvement of methylation of these genes in EGFR-related tumorigenesis.3 Our findings provide support for those of Brock et al. with regard to the prognostic significance of gene methylation in NSCLC.
Clearance of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol in mismatched and matched pulmonary perfusion defects.
Authors: MUSTAFA YILMAZ, GAMZE CAPA, HATICE DURAK, BERNA DEGIRMENCI, ISMAIL EVREN, ELVAN SAYIT, EYUP UCAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose To evaluate clearance changes of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol in mismatched and matched pulmonary perfusion defects. Materials and Methods Twenty-one patients (14 women, 7 men; mean age, 51 ± 14 years) with possible pulmonary embolism were included in the study. On the day after perfusion (Q) scintigraphy with 5 mCi Tc-99m MAA, radioaerosol inhalation scintigraphy was performed using 45 mCi Tc-99m DTPA. Immediately and 45 minutes after the inhalation, early and delayed inhalation images (EI and DI, respectively) were obtained. Group 1 included 11 patients with mismatched defects who had a high probability of pulmonary embolism according to the Q/EI scan results. Group 2 included 10 patients with matched defects who had a low probability of PE. Contralateral normal lungs of 7 patients in group 2 served as controls (group 3). In groups 1 and 2, regions of interest were drawn over the mismatched and matched perfusion defects where they were best visualized, and this region of interest was mirrored to the same region on EI and DI images. For the control group, this was done in the contralateral normal lung. Mean counts in each region of interest were used for quantitative analysis, and the percentage clearance ratio was calculated using the following formula: early counts − late counts / early counts × 100. Results The average percentage clearances for the three groups were as follows: group 1, 37% ± 10%; group 2, 21% ± 4%; group 3, 24% ± 7%. Differences between groups 1 and 3 were significant, as were those between groups 1 and 2 (P < 0.05). Patients with mismatched perfusion defects had increased DTPA clearance compared with the control group and those with matched defects. Conclusions Vascular occlusion may lead to impairment of the alveolar–capillary barrier and consequently an increase in the clearance of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol in embolized regions. Immediately after inhalation, Tc-99m DTPA imaging should be started in the projection where perfusion defects are best seen to avoid potential misinterpretation of pulmonary embolism.
Discordant lymphoma versus single-histology lymphomas.
Authors: J M Connors
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.1043 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 4020403 Discordant lymphoma versus single-histology lymphomas. J M ConnorsxJ M ConnorsSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.1043 PDF "Discordant lymphoma versus single-histology lymphomas.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(7), pp. 1043–1044© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Elusive Estrogens May Hold Key to Some Cancer Risk
Authors: D Holzman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Elusive Estrogens May Hold Key to Some Cancer Risk Get access JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 16, 16 August 1995, Pages 1207–1208, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.16.1207 Published: 16 August 1995
Abstract P5-01-10: Correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient with standardized uptake value in invasive lobular carcinoma of breast using in hybrid 18F-FDG PET/MR
Authors: JE Choi, SH Kang, SJ Lee, EJ Kong
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: To compare the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) with maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) derived from combined 18F-FDG PET/MRI in invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) patients. Methods: From 2012 Aug to 2015 Feb, 53 women with histologically proven ILC (mean age, 50.3 ± 7.7 y-o) underwent hybrid 18F-FDG PET/MR (Siemens Biograph mMR) scan for preoperative assessment. During PET acquisition, simultaneous diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI, b values: 0, 400, 800 s/mm2) was performed using breast coil. ILC over than 2 Cm in size were analyzed. Regions of interest (ROI) were drawn covering the entire ILC on the attenuation-corrected PET-image and the monoexponential ADC-map on PET/MR workstation. All the patients were received surgical treatment within 3 weeks after scan. Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ) was calculated to examine the correlation between SUVmax and ADC value. Results: Total 25 ILC (5.4±1.3 cm; 2.1-6.3 cm) of 22 women were enrolled. 24 ILC showed ER (+)/PR (+) and all ILC showed HER2 (-). 15 patients were confirmed metastatic axillary lymph nodes. The mean of SUVmax was 2.14 ± 2.2 (0.91-11.9) and mean of ADC was 1.02 ×10-3 (0.82 -1.31 ×10-3) mm2/s. Higher histologic grade was correlated with higher SUV (ρ = -0.6, p=0.001). And SUV showed inverse correlation with ADC (ρ = -0.48, p=0.016). Conclusion: The present data show inverse correlation between increased glucose-metabolism and cellularity in ILC patients. 18F-FDG PET and DWI thus may offer complementary information for the evaluation of treatment response in ILC. Citation Format: Choi JE, Kang SH, Lee SJ, Kong EJ. Correlation of apparent diffusion coefficient with standardized uptake value in invasive lobular carcinoma of breast using in hybrid 18F-FDG PET/MR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-01-10.
Fractionated total-body irradiation and high-dose etoposide as a preparatory regimen for bone marrow transplantation for 94 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia in chronic phase
Authors: DS Snyder, RS Negrin, MR O'Donnell, NJ Chao, MD Amylon, GD Long, AP Nademanee, AS Stein, PM Parker, EP Smith
Journal: Blood (1994)
Soundings: The mumbo jumbo of health management
Authors: Imre Loefler
Journal: BMJ (2004)

It is remarkable that Osler, Cushing, Charcot, Billroth, and the other giants of medicine were able to do their work without a mission statement. They must have had concepts regarding their role that would be called “vision” in contemporary parlance, but did not find it necessary to print the text and hang framed copies in their hospital corridors.

In their day health management had not yet been invented and so these men and their contemporaries had to grope in an unmanaged world without quality control, peer review, audits, committees, minutes, newsletters, and the attentions of a human resources manager.

It is doubtful that these great physicians realised that they were managers, and it remains unclear even today what the proper connotation of the new terminology is: does one manage patients, their health, or their disease?

The people who managed the hospitals where these men worked were matrons, nuns, or aristocratic women. The matron was responsible for the staff, the housekeeping, the kitchen, the equipment, the shopping, and the patients, all of whom she knew personally. If there was anyone these great doctors feared, it was the matron.

The matrons have been replaced by directors of nursing services, demoted to the role of cogs on the wheel of management.

“Health care” and hospital management invented a new language. We now have “centres for advanced interprofessional development” producing cadres of “excellence development facilitators” who teach us how to conduct an “interdisciplinary literature review” so that we can remove appendixes by engaging in a “multidisciplinary approach.” To this end we have to acquire “domain-specific critical thinking skills.”

Management entails “interactions” that in turn presuppose that we understand “health behaviour” or the lack of it, and also appreciate “health seeking actions” such as “health behaviour adoption.”

Osler, Cushing, Charcot, and Billroth had to suffer a lack of managers, management, visions, and missions. Think how medical history might have changed if they'd had our modern day advantages.
Abstract OT3-02-01: Randomized phase II study of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) for chemotherapy induced oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer (Hangesha-B study)
Authors: M Iwamoto, N Umezaki, J Matsuda, K Kawaguchi, R Terasawa, N Sato, H Fyjioka, K Kimura, S Tanaka, K Uchiyama
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Oral mucositis is a common complication of systemic chemotherapy for cancer, and is associated with higher risk of infection, pain, chemotherapy dose reduction. Severe mucositis impairs oral function and seriously affects nutrition and quality of life of the patients. Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) is a traditional Japanese herbal (Kampo) medicine reduces the level of prostaglandin E2 and affects the cyclooxygenase activity, and alleviates chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. We conducted a randomized phase II trial to investigate whether Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) prevents or controls chemotherapy induced oral mucositis. Patients and Methods: Patients who develop moderate to severe chemotherapy induced oral mucositis (WHO grade&amp;gt;1) during any cycle of chemotherapy are randomly assigned to receive either Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) (n=25) or placebo (n=25). Patients receive the administration of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) or placebo for 3 weeks at the beginning of the next course of chemotherapy. The patients are advised to dissolve 2.5g of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) or placebo in 50ml drinking water, and divide it into twice or three times in an oral cavity. Patients rinse their oral cavity with it three times daily. The signs of oral mucositis is assessed by the investigator during the screening cycle. The CTCAE v4.0 grading is used to assess the severity of oral mucositis. The primary endpoint is duration time of oral mucositis, and secondary endpoints include incidence of oral mucositis, incidence of diarrhea, blood levels of CRP, The change of body weight, and blood levels of albumin. Accrual: This study began in June 2015. The expected end of accrual of 50 patients will be the last quarter 2017. Citation Format: Iwamoto M, Umezaki N, Matsuda J, Kawaguchi K, Terasawa R, Sato N, Fyjioka H, Kimura K, Tanaka S, Uchiyama K. Randomized phase II study of Hangeshashinto (TJ-14) for chemotherapy induced oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer (Hangesha-B study). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-02-01.
Method development and validation for clinical cfDNA extraction from blood.
Authors: Aliaksandra Samoila, Chintan Patel, Kajal J Kothadia, Daoqi You, Christophe Lemetre, Daniel Marco Scacalossi, N. Esther Babady, Ellinor I. B. Peerschke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22185 Background: Detection of cell-free DNA (cfDNA, 100-300 base pairs) in blood and body fluids is of growing interest for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of disease in cancer patients. This study was designed to create a robust, standardized process for clinical cfDNA isolation from blood. Methods: Pre-analytical and analytical components of cfDNA extraction suitable for clinical environments were evaluated, including specimen collection and stability, plasma preparation, cfDNA extraction and quantification, and reference range determination. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 package (95% CI). Results: Specimen Collection and Stability. Paired samples (n = 36) were collected in K3EDTA (BD) and BCT tubes (STRECK). STRECK tubes offered 24% higher cfDNA yields (p = 0.008, CI = -6.7 to -1.1) and sample stability up to 14 days without significant loss of cfDNA (n = 5, p = 0.853, CI = -1.6 to 1.8). Plasma Preparation. Standard double-spin (800 g x 10 min, 18000 g x 10 min) and single-spin (2500 g x 10 min) centrifugation protocols produced plasma cfDNA of similar quality and quantity (n = 5, p = 0.174, CI = -6.2 to 24.6). cfDNA Extraction. Two automated extraction platforms were evaluated - QIAGEN QIAsymphony SP and Roche MagNA Pure Compact. Both produced comparable cfDNA yields from 1 ml of plasma (n = 20, p = 0.21, CI = -62.4 to 14.7). QIAsymphony SP was implemented due to its ability to process up to 3 mL of plasma with linear yields (n = 10, p = 0.806, CI = -18.1 to 14.5) and within run and between run precision of 25% (n = 12) and 27% (n = 18), respectively. Reagent lot to lot variation was 14% (n = 8). cfDNA Quantification. Agilent 2200 TapeStation (TS) and 2100 Bioanalyzer (BA) were compared (n = 45). Unlike BA, TS does not run samples through a common channel, eliminating interference from carry-over. TS provided linear measurements for dilutions up to 1:320 and within run precision of 8% (n = 5). Reference Range. In healthy volunteers, the median plasma cfDNA concentration was 4 ng/ml with a maximum of 13 ng/mL (n = 30). Conclusions: We have developed a robust, semi-automated, scalable method that yields high quality cfDNA for clinical diagnostic and monitoring applications.