tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Improved Valvuloplasty for Mitral Stenosis
Authors: DWIGHT E. Harken, Harrison Black
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE surgical correction of mitral stenosis is now widely accepted and utilized. Before operation it is possible to assess risk accurately. This ranges in well defined classes from less than 1 per cent to more than 33 per cent.§Precise knowledge of the surgical risk and better appreciation of mortality and morbidity under good medical treatment clarify the proper time and place for surgical intervention.Much has been written about the mortality of operation and late results in terms of survival. Mortality and morbidity have been progressively reduced by better preoperative and postoperative care.1 It is of fundamental importance to . . .
LBA2_PR: Osimertinib (AZD9291) in pre-treated pts with T790M-positive advanced NSCLC: updated Phase 1 (P1) and pooled Phase 2 (P2) results
Authors: J. Yang, S.S. Ramalingam, P.A. Jänne, M. Cantarini, T. Mitsudomi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Angiocardiography: Its Use in the Diagnosis of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Robert A. Furman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

ANGIOCARDIOGRAPHY—contrast visualization of the heart and great vessels — was first made a practical procedure by Robb and Steinberg1 in 1938. In subsequent reports these authors have described in detail their technic of employing serial roentgenograms after the rapid intravenous injection of 70 per cent Diodrast2 and, along with many others, have reported their observations in normal and pathologic cardiovascular systems. It is the purpose of this report to review briefly the clinical applications of angiocardiography, to discuss the use of this technic in a rural hospital and to report its use in the diagnosis of a case of patent . . .
Coronary Arterial Embolism in Persistent Truncus Arteriosus
Authors: Arthur H. L. From, Yang Wang, Robert S. Eliot, Jesse E. Edwards
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

CORONARY embolism is an uncommon condition that usually complicates some acquired disease such as valvular endocarditis or processes associated with thrombi or tumors within the left side of the heart.1 Rarely, coronary embolism may be paradoxical —that is, it may result from the escape of foreign material from the right side of the heart. The most common form of paradoxical embolism, whether it involves the coronary or other systemic arteries, is a complication of recurrent pulmonary embolism in subjects with developmentally normal hearts in which a valvular competent patent foramen ovale is present.2 In this circumstance nonfatal pulmonary embolism may . . .
Insights Into Preferences for Psycho-Oncology Services Among Women With Gynecologic Cancer Following Distress Screening
Authors: Sylvie D. Lambert, Brian Kelly, Allison Boyes, Alexander Cameron, Catherine Adams, Anthony Proietto, Afaf Girgis
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Much attention has been given to implementing routine screening programs in cancer care to improve the management of distress following diagnosis. Although patients might screen positive for distress, several studies have found that most then refuse additional psychosocial support. To inform the development of successful models of distress screening, this qualitative study explored preferences for psychosocial care among 18 women diagnosed with a gynecologic cancer who scored at least 4 on the Distress Thermometer (DT). Participants were recruited from a gynecologic oncology outpatient clinic in Newcastle, Australia, and interviewed. Unanimously, participants felt that completing the DT was an integral part of their cancer care. However, half then refused the referral to see a psychologist. These women typically reported that a referral was not needed, because their rating on the DT reflected transient stressors or physical distress. Many also spoke about their need to cope with the challenges they were facing on their own and the extensive social support they already had in place to help them overcome these challenges. In contrast, women who accepted referral to the psychologist often struggled to cope with several losses they felt had existential and long-term effects. Commonly, these women reported not having the social support they needed, managing several concurrent life stressors, and/or not having the repertoire of coping skills they required to "remain afloat." Findings from this study begin to bridge the gap between clinicians' and patients' expectations of how psychosocial services should be used in response to distress screening.
P58 Carry out of animal allergens from animal facility on skin of laboratory animal workers
Authors: H Campbell, J Canizales, S Semple, J Feary, P Cullinan, M Jones
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There are at least 12,000 laboratory animal workers in the UK who are at risk of developing an IgE-associated respiratory allergy to airborne animal proteins. There has been a drive to reduce animal allergen levels in animal facilities, however recent studies have suggested that laboratory workers may also transfer animal allergens outside of the animal facility to their offices, laboratories and indeed their homes. Among Scottish technicians Mus m 1 was detected on hands, shoes, car steering wheels and domestic door handles after leaving work (S. Semple – personal communication). Krop <i>et al</i>. detected significantly higher levels of mouse allergen in mattresses from the homes of laboratory animal workers than those from non-exposed controls suggesting carry out of allergen from work to home. These observations may have significant clinical relevance; in Poland, children of laboratory animal workers had a higher prevalence of sensitisation to mouse than did the children of parents in other occupations. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether mouse allergen is transferred out of the animal facility on the skin of workers. <h3>Methods</h3> We examined dermal wipes taken from forehead, palms and back of hands of both laboratory animal workers and non-exposed workers, when they entered the facility in the morning and again when they were ready to depart at the end of the day. Mus m 1 was extracted from the wipes and levels quantified using an ELISA (Indoor Biotechnology). <h3>Results</h3> Mus m 1 levels were significantly higher in the dermal wipes taken at the end of the day compared to those taken in the morning (p &lt; 0.05), in the laboratory animal workers but not in the non-exposed controls (Figure 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In summary, our study demonstrates that laboratory animal workers carry out animal allergen on their skin when they leave the animal facility at the end of the day. The implication of these findings will be considered in the development of safe working practices in prevention of laboratory animal allergy within the context of the SPIRAL study.
A phase IB trial of iniparib (BSI-201) in combination with carboplatin (C)/paclitaxel (P) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: A. C. Mita, M. M. Mita, C. Rocha, C. R. Bradley, J. Sarantopoulos, P. O'Rourke, S. M. Gadgeel, A. J. Wozniak, E. I. Heath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

7570 Background: Iniparib, a novel agent with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitory activity, has demonstrated anticancer activity when combined with DNA-damaging chemotherapy such as C in certain clinical and preclinical settings. Combination of iniparib with CP was well tolerated at recommended doses in a phase Ib study in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors (Mahany et al. ASCO 2008). This study was expanded to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of iniparib in combination with CP in pts with NSCLC. Methods: Eligible pts were ≥18 years of age, had a histological or cytological diagnosis of stage IIIB (with pleural effusion) or IV NSCLC not amenable to curative therapy and an ECOG status of 0 or 1. Prior systemic treatment for NSCLC with chemo- or immunotherapy, biologic response modifiers, or other investigational agents were not allowed. C (starting dose AUC 6; IV; day 1), P (200 mg/m2; IV; day 1) and iniparib (5.6 mg/kg; IV; days 1, 4, 8, and 11) were given on a 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST. Secondary endpoints were safety, laboratory changes, and adverse events (AEs). Results: Between July 2008 and January 2011, 18 pts (of 20 planned) were enrolled. Of the first 13 evaluable pts, baseline characteristics were: M/F, 7/6; median age, 63 years (range 40–73); ECOG PS 0/1/NA, 4/8/1. The ORR was 23%, consisting of 3 confirmed partial responses. Eight pts (62%) had stable disease (SD) as best response, with 3 SDs through 12 weeks and 2 SD through 18 weeks. Only two patients had progressive disease as best response. Toxicities were similar to those reported with CP alone. The most common AEs were mild/moderate and included fatigue (33%), anorexia (25%), dyspnea (17%) and alopecia (17%). Grade 3/4 AEs were neutropenia (17%) and anemia (17%). Median follow-up time was 16 weeks (range, 4-24). Updated efficacy and safety results will be presented. Conclusions: Iniparib + CP was well tolerated and shows promising activity in pts with advanced NSCLC, with increased ORR compared with a previous study of CP alone (23% vs. 15%; Sandler A, NEJM 2006). These findings support further study of iniparib + CP in NSCLC. Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00422682.
Medical Practice and Its Future
Authors: Leland S. McKittrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

I UNDERSTAND that my place in this symposium is to tell you something of medical practice as it is today and something of its past, and to speak of those forces within and outside of medicine whose influences point toward the medical practice of tomorrow.You are approaching the end of your medical-school training. Except for minor digressions, your thoughts and efforts have been on the scientific aspect of your chosen profession. What you may know of the actual practice of this profession cannot have come from personal experience.Clinical medicine is not a science. It is the utilization of . . .
Treatment of Fistulas with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor in a Patient with Crohn's Disease
Authors: David Vaughan, Brendan Drumm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: An adolescent boy with Crohn's disease and enterocutaneous fistulas had a response to treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) after all standard treatments ...
Pulmonary Hydatid Disease: Review of 111 Cases
Authors: P SWINBURN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators May Be Damaged by Radiation Therapy
Authors: S. Hoecht, P. Rosenthal, D. Sancar, S. Behrens, W. Hinkelbein, U. Hoeller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.8.2212 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11956285 Implantable Cardiac Defibrillators May Be Damaged by Radiation Therapy S. HoechtxS. HoechtSearch for articles by this author , P. RosenthalxP. RosenthalSearch for articles by this author , D. SancarxD. SancarSearch for articles by this author , S. BehrensxS. BehrensSearch for articles by this author , W. HinkelbeinxW. HinkelbeinSearch for articles by this author , U. HoellerxU. HoellerSearch for articles by this author Show More University Hospital Benjamin Franklin, Freie UniversitätKrankenhaus Neukoelln, Berlin, Germany https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.8.2212 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Clinical Aspects of IgE Myeloma
Authors: Makio Ogawa, Shaul Kochwa, Charles Smith, Kimishige Ishizaka, O. R. McIntyre
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

A 60-year-old man with signs of anemia, thrombocytopenia and hyperviscosity was found to have multiple myeloma. The abnormal serum globulin component was identified as IgE lambda protein, which when tested with antiserum to normal human IgE, gave a band of identity with serum from the only previously described case of IgE myeloma. IgE was demonstrated in the myeloma cells of the bone marrow and peripheral blood by immunofluorescence. This patient, in addition to one described in a previous report, had on initial examination plasma-cell leukemia, a lambda myeloma protein and absence of bony lesions.
Dépistage des marqueurs d'une infection par le VIH et les virus des hépatites B et C chez les donneurs de sang en France et risque résiduel de transmission de ces virus par transfusion sanguine
Authors: J Pillonel, C Saura, A M Couroucé
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

La securite virale des produits sanguins labiles (PSL) repose, d’une part, sur les mesures de recrutement et de selection des donneurs de sang qui ecartent du don les personnes presentant des facteurs de risque par rapport aux infections transmissibles par le sang et, d’autre part, sur la qualification biologique du don qui permet, grâce a une serie de depistages systematiques, d’ecarter les dons infectieux et d'exclure les donneurs porteurs de ces infections.
Inhibition of Glycolate Oxidase With Dicer-substrate siRNA Reduces Calcium Oxalate Deposition in a Mouse Model of Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1
Authors: Chaitali Dutta, Nicole Avitahl-Curtis, Natalie Pursell, Marita Larsson Cohen, Benjamin Holmes, Rohan Diwanji, Wei Zhou, Luciano Apponi, Martin Koser, Bo Ying, Dongyu Chen, Xue Shui, Utsav Saxena, Wendy A Cyr, Anee Shah, Naim Nazef, Weimin Wang, Marc Abrams, Henryk Dudek, Eduardo Salido, Bob D Brown, Chengjung Lai
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, metabolic disorder caused by mutations of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a key hepatic enzyme in the detoxification of glyoxylate arising from multiple normal metabolic pathways to glycine. Accumulation of glyoxylate, a precursor of oxalate, leads to the overproduction of oxalate in the liver, which accumulates to high levels in kidneys and urine. Crystalization of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in the kidney ultimately results in renal failure. Currently, the only treatment effective in reduction of oxalate production in patients who do not respond to high-dose vitamin B6 therapy is a combined liver/kidney transplant. We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate. This approach efficiently reduces GO mRNA and protein in the livers of mice and nonhuman primates. Reduction of hepatic GO leads to normalization of urine oxalate levels and reduces CaOx deposition in a preclinical mouse model of PH1. Our results support the use of DsiRNA to reduce liver GO levels as a potential therapeutic approach to treat PH1. Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is an autosomal recessive, metabolic disorder caused by mutations of alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a key hepatic enzyme in the detoxification of glyoxylate arising from multiple normal metabolic pathways to glycine. Accumulation of glyoxylate, a precursor of oxalate, leads to the overproduction of oxalate in the liver, which accumulates to high levels in kidneys and urine. Crystalization of calcium oxalate (CaOx) in the kidney ultimately results in renal failure. Currently, the only treatment effective in reduction of oxalate production in patients who do not respond to high-dose vitamin B6 therapy is a combined liver/kidney transplant. We explored an alternative approach to prevent glyoxylate production using Dicer-substrate small interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) targeting hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1) mRNA which encodes glycolate oxidase (GO), to reduce the hepatic conversion of glycolate to glyoxylate. This approach efficiently reduces GO mRNA and protein in the livers of mice and nonhuman primates. Reduction of hepatic GO leads to normalization of urine oxalate levels and reduces CaOx deposition in a preclinical mouse model of PH1. Our results support the use of DsiRNA to reduce liver GO levels as a potential therapeutic approach to treat PH1.
Suppression of IL-13-Associated Gene Signature in Airway Epithelial Cells By Dexamethasone Is Decreased in Poorly Controlled Asthma
Authors: Karlyn Pollack, Sanford Williams, Kristen Wavell, Debbie-Ann Shirley, John W. Steinke, Larry Borish, W. Gerald Teague
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
PWE-188 Do proton pump inhibitors prevent upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients treated for acute coronary syndrome?
Authors: JL Hulley, PD Higham
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> NICE recommends dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) for 12 months following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS).<sup>1</sup>DAPT carries a risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The incidence and outcome of patients who have a GI bleed whilst taking DAPT are not well known and despite recommendations, the protective effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in this group are debated.<sup>2</sup>We studied readmission rates with UGI bleeding and subsequent outcomes in ACS patients for one year following their event. We analysed data to ascertain whether there was any benefit to co-prescription of PPI with DAPT. <h3>Method</h3> Data were collected using the Northumbria Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project (MINAP) database, for the calander year 2012. We analysed 12 month readmission rates with GI bleeding and subsequent outcomes; including endoscopic findings, the use of PPI, mortality data and age demographics. <h3>Results</h3> 585 patients suffered an ACS in our study population. 12 patients (2%) were readmitted with GI bleeding within the first year. Nine patients were male, with a median age of 82 years, and three were female: median age 90 years. Lansoprazole (a PPI) 30mg daily was prescribed for 8/12 (66%) patients. Seven patients (58%) died; two directly as a consequence of GI bleeding and five due to subsequent complications. In those taking a PPI the mortality rate was 50% (4/8). In the non-PPI group the mortality rate was higher at 75% (3/4). Regarding UGI endoscopy; four patients did not undergo intervention on clinical grounds. In those who underwent upper GI endoscopy, diagnoses included: oesophagitis, gastritis, duodenal ulceration, gastric ulceration, oesophageal ulceration and possible bleeding Dieulafoy lesion. In two patients, no cause for bleeding was found. Considering those aged 80 or older; 227 patients suffered an ACS. Nine of these were readmitted with GI bleeding (4%) with only two patients surviving that admission (mortality rate 78%). In the 358 patients under the age of 80, the risk of re-admission with GI bleed was 0.8% and the mortality rate was zero. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The risk of readmission with GI bleeding in the first year following ACS whilst on DAPT is low (2%). The protective effects of PPIs in GI bleeding in patients taking DAPT have not been demonstrated by this study. However, we note a higher mortality rate in the non-PPI group. Patients over 80 years old have a poor outcome and higher mortality rate despite prescription of PPI. Treatment decisions for this specific group should be carefully considered. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> NICE. Antiplatelet treatment:secondary prevention of CVD http://cks.nice.org.uk/antiplatelet-treatment Moukarbel GV, <i>et al</i>. Gastrointestinal bleeding in high risk survivors of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 2009;30:2226–2232
Accelerated fractionated radiation by concomitant boost (AFX-CB) with concurrent cis-platinum (CDDP) for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: W. Choi, H. Huang, G. Sachdeva, B. Culliney, S. Malamud, R. Blum, S. Schantz, J. Li, T. Nishihori, None Chow, L. B. Harrison, K. Hu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

5540 Background: Recent data (RTOG 90–03 and RTOG 99–14) strongly suggest that concomitant boost radiation (AFX-CB) and concurrent chemoradiation offer a local control advantage in advanced head and neck cancer patients. Based on our previous experience treating unresectable head and neck cancer, we initiated a phase II trial delivering CDDP concurrent with AFX-CB for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Methods: From 2/99–7/05, 44 patients with newly diagnosed stage IIa-IV NPC were treated with AFX-CB to 70Gy/6 weeks (BID RT last 2 weeks with a 3D-conformal plan, 6 hr interfraction interval) with 2–3 cycles of concurrent CDDP (100mg/m 2 ) on day 1, 22, 43 of radiation followed by adjuvant 5-Fluorouracil/CDDP. The median age was 46 (24 to 83) and 20 patients were male. Disease characteristics were as follows: 1997 AJCC stage: II-7; III-14 and IV-23, T3/T4 66%, N2/N3 55%. Results: With a median follow-up of 30 mo. (3–78 mo.), the crude local control rate (LC) was 93%, regional control (RC) was 98%, locoregional control (LRC) 91%, freedom from distant metastasis (FFDM) was 86%, disease-free survival (DFS) was 82%, and overall survival (OS) was 89%. Eighty-six percent of patients were able to receive 2–3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Four of the 6 distant metastases occurred after 3 years post-treatment. One of the 3 local failures was salvaged with additional chemoradiation and is without evidence of recurrence 23 months later. Thus, the total crude local control is 95%. Among 29 T3/T4 patients, local control was 93%. For all patients, the three year actuarial LC, RC, LRC, FFDM, DFS and OS were 95%, 98%, 93%, 94%, 86% and 87%, respectively. Major grade 3 acute toxicities include mucositis (59%), dysphagia (41%), vomiting (20%) and anemia (4.5%). Average hemoglobin drop was 2.3 gm (17.7%). Ninety percent of patients received erythropoietin support and near 20% required blood transfusion. Late toxicities included grade 3 tinnitus in 1, grade 2 serous otitis in 1, osteoradionecrosis in 1 and brain necrosis in 2. Conclusions: AFX-CB with concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced NPC provides excellent locoregional control and acceptable toxicity. Future efforts will focus on decreasing toxicity and increasing systemic control. No significant financial relationships to disclose.