tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A National Cancer Database (NCDB) analysis of factors affecting survival in stage II and III colon cancer.
Authors: Smrity Upadhyay, Smith Giri, Nabin Khanal, Peter T. Silberstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e15146 Background: The goal of our study was to analyze how factors other than adjuvant chemotherapy affect survival among patients with stage II and stage III colon cancer. Methods: This is a retrospective study of NCDB database that included adult patients ( > 18 years old) with stage II and III colon cancer patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2012. Kaplan Meier survival curve and Cox regression analysis was used to determine to study the impact of chemotherapy and other covariates on survival. Results: Out of a total of 294,255 patients, 45% received chemotherapy. The 3 year overall survival with and without adjuvant chemotherapy was 81.4% versus 79.7% (p value < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, use of chemotherapy, older age, African American race, higher stage, male sex, larger tumor size, positive margins, lymph node positivity, uninsured status, higher co-morbidities, treatment at community hospitals and diagnosis prior to 2003 were associated with poor survival. Conclusions: This is the one of largest studies demonstrating the effect of different demographic variables on survival in stage II and III Colon Cancer patients. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards survival analysis. Variables Hazards Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) Chemotherapy None Referent Yes 0.51 (0.49-0.52) Age : < 50 Referent 50-75 1.39 ( 1.34-1.44) > 75 3.08 (2.97-3.20) Stage II Referrent III 1.40 (1.28-1.54) Sex: Male Referrent Female 0.84 (0.83-0.85) Size : < 2 cm referrent 2-5 cm 1.13 (1.09-1.17) 5-10 cm 1.24 (1.19-1.28) > 10 cm 1.40 (1.33-1.47) Surgical Margin : Negative referrent Positive 2.05 (2.00- 2.11) Node: N0 Referrent N1 1.16 (1.06-1.27) N2 or more 2.13 (1.94-2.34) Race: White Referrent Black 1.15 (1.13-1.19) Others 0.77 (0.73-0.81) Insurance : Uninsured Referrent Insured 0.91 (0.86-0.96) Facility type: Community Referrent Comprehensive community 0.92 (0.90-0.94) Academic 0.87 (0.84-0.89) Charlson score: 0 Referrent 1 1.29 (1.27- 1.32) 2 1.89 (1.84- 1.94) Year of diagnosis: Referrent Before 2003 0.96 (0.94 -0.98) 2003-2007 0.88 (0.86-0.90) After 2007 (* p < 0.01 unless specified, HR < 1.0 signifies improved outcome compared to referrent)
Developing a community-based screening instrument that measures problem-related distress.
Authors: M. Golant, J. S. Buzaglo, M. Miller, K. Clark, M. Loscalzo, V. Kennedy, K. R. Dougherty, J. Taylor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

9092 Background: The IOM and NCCN recognized the importance of psychosocial domains as essential to quality cancer care. Screening has been recommended as an efficient way to identify symptoms and problems, communicate patient concerns to busy physicians during the clinical encounter, and standardize timely triage to available resources. Yet, screening rarely occurs in community cancer centers where 85% of cancer care occurs. The Cancer Support Community and City of Hope (COH) collaborated to evaluate the validity and reliability of a screening instrument that measures problem-related distress in cancer patients as part of a community-based screening program. Methods: 350 participants completed a pen-and-paper version of the COH 53-item problem-related distress screening tool at 10 US sites. Each item asked 1) “How much of a problem is this for you?” with a 5-item response scale (i.e., Not a Problem to Very Severe) and 2) “How can we best work with you on this problem?” Using statistical and theoretical criteria, 19 items were dropped, 6 items revised and 2 items added. The 36-item community version of the screening instrument was administered to 319 participants at 14 sites with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy - General (FACT-G), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Distress Thermometer. Among a subsample (n=101), the 36-item screening instrument was administered twice to measure test-retest reliability. Results: A summary score of the 36 screening items correlated moderately with the FACT-G (R=-0.77, p<0.001), the CES-D (R=0.73, p<0.001) and the Distress Thermometer (R=0.60, p<0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient was ≥0.75 for 35 of the 36 screening items. Conclusions: These findings suggest the 36-item community screening tool is valid and reliable. Future research is needed to test if this instrument can enhance physician-patient interaction by rapidly identifying patients who are at risk for poorer outcomes without psychosocial intervention.
Modularity in network neuroscience and neural reuse
Authors: Matthew L. Stanley, Felipe De Brigard
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Neural reuse allegedly stands in stark contrast against a modular view of the brain. However, the development of unique modularity algorithms in network science has provided the means to identify functionally cooperating, specialized subsystems in a way that remains consistent with the neural reuse view and offers a set of rigorous tools to fully engage in Anderson's (2014) research program.
A phase II study of pomalidomide and dexamethasone in previously treated light-chain (AL) amyloidosis.
Authors: A. Dispenzieri, M. A. Gertz, S. R. Hayman, S. Kumar, C. B. Reeder, S. R. Zeldenrust, J. Allred, J. Mikhael, F. Buadi, M. Lacy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8025 Background: IMiDs propriety compounds have activity AL, an incurable plasma cell disorder related to multiple myeloma (MM). Pomalidomide (Pom), an IMiDs, is highly active and well-tolerated in MM. Methods: Persons with symptomatic, biopsy proved, previously treated, AL were eligible for IRB-approved treatment trial of Pom and dexamethasone (Dex). Subjects were required to have measurable hematologic disease, ECOG PS≥2, adequate hematologic reserve and creatinine ≤2.5 mg/dL, and ability to comply with contraceptive requirements. Pom (2 mg once daily) and Dex (40 mg once weekly) were given orally. Subjects received daily low-dose aspirin. Exclusion criteria were: active infection, thrombosis or cancer, NYHA classification >II, troponin T >0.1 ng/mL, ≥grade-3 peripheral neuropathy, or other AL therapy within 2 wks of enrollment. 34 subjects are to be enrolled. Between 11/24/08-11/23/09, 25 subjects enrolled. Results: Median age was 64 y (range 52 82); 19 were male. Median time from diagnosis to study-entry was 36 mo (range 4.5-103). 20 had cardiac involvement; 8 renal involvement and 8 nerve involvement. Cardiac biomarker staging was: I, 12%; II, 56%; and III, 32%. Pts were extensively treated, with 25 previously-receiving alkylator (including prior autotransplant in 12), 13 lenalidomide or thalidomide, and 10 bortezomib. Grade 3-5 AEs ≥possibly attributable to on-study therapy occurred in 56% of pts, and excluding hematologic AE's, in 40% of pts. Neutropenia was the most common severe AE (n=7); 1 subject had grade 3/4 plts. Other grade 3/4 AEs included infection/fever (n=3); fatigue (n=3), volume overload (n=2); dyspnea (n=1), muscle weakness (n=1), atrial tachycardia (n=1), and diarrhea and dyspepsia (n=1). 1 subject died 5 days into treatment from cardiac AL. Median time on-study is 4.2 mo (range 0.2-9.6), 19 pts are evaluable for hematologic response (received 2 cycles of therapy or are off-study before completing 2 cycles of therapy). Overall hematologic response rate was 47%: PR (n=7) and VGPR (n=2). Confirmed organ responses were seen in 2 pts and unconfirmed organ responses in 4 more. Conclusions: Pom is well tolerated in previously-treated AL. Updated details on efficacy will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Celgene
A Sequential Two-Stage Dose Escalation Study Evaluating The Safety and Efficacy Of Eltrombopag In Thrombocytopenic Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) Resistant To Hypomethylating Agents (HMA)
Authors: Rami S Komrokji, Vu H. Duong, Ling Zhang, Ji-Hyun Lee, Eric Padron, Jeffrey E Lancet, Alan List
Journal: Blood (2013)
Selective Expression of a Number of ABC Transporter Genes in Normal CD34+CD38− Versus CD34+CD38− Cells, with a Reverse Pattern in a Subgroup of AML Patients.
Authors: Dorina M. van der Kolk, Susan D.P.W.M. Peeters, Gerald de Haan, Leonid Bystrykh, Elisabeth G.E. de Vries, Edo Vellenga
Journal: Blood (2004)
Phenotypic Changes of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Stromal Cells by Aberrant Expression of GATA−2; Possible Role for the Development of Aplastic Anemia.
Authors: Yoko Okitsu, Hideo Harigae, Shinichiro Takahashi, Naoko Minegishi, Norio Suzuki, Junichi Kameoka, Masayuki Yamamoto, Takeshi Sasaki
Journal: Blood (2006)
ETV6 Is An Early T-Cell Progenitor (ETP) Specific Tumor Suppressor Gene in Adult T-ALL
Authors: Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Alberto Ambesi, Isaura Rigo, Elisabeth Paietta, Janis Racevskis, Peter H. Wiernik, Jacob M. Rowe, Montserrat Rue, Adolfo A. Ferrando
Journal: Blood (2011)
Kerion — A Boggy Lump
Authors: Shraddha Uprety, Ramesh Sharma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 13-year-old girl presented with a slowly enlarging, painful swelling of the scalp. She had received several courses of empirical oral antibiotics, without improvement. On examination, there was an erythematous, mildly tender, boggy swelling overlying her occiput.
Effect of Immune Modulation for Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma in Response to Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Study of 63 Patients By the French Society of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cell Therapies (SFGM-TC).
Authors: Anne-Claire Mamez, Vincent Levy, Patrice Chevallier, Didier Blaise, Stephane Vigouroux, Alienor Xhaard, Laure Vincent, Nathalie Contentin, Yves Beguin, Norbert Ifrah, Jean-Yves Cahn, Felipe Suarez, Ibrahim Yakoub-Agha, Pascal Turlure, Eric Deconinck, Thierry Lamy, Anne Huynh, Sébastien Maury, Luc Matthieu Fornecker, Jacques-Olivier Bay, Gaelle Guillerm, Natacha Maillard, Mohamad Mohty, Stephanie Nguyen
Journal: Blood (2014)
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND PRO-ANGIOGENIC EFFECTS OF BETA-BLOCKERS IN A CANINE MODEL OF CHRONIC ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY: COMPARISON BETWEEN CARVEDILOL AND METOPROLOL
Authors: Dai-Trang Elizabeth Le, Marco Pascotto, Howard Leong-Poi, Ibrahim Sari, Antonio Micari, Sanjiv Kaul
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Cardiovascular Health Status by Occupational Group — 21 States, 2013
Authors: Taylor M. Shockey, Aaron L. Sussell, Erika C. Odom
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for one of every three deaths in the United States, making it the leading cause of mortality in the country (1). The American Heart Association established seven ideal cardiovascular health behaviors or modifiable factors to improve CVD outcomes in the United States. These cardiovascular health metrics (CHMs) are 1) not smoking, 2) being physically active, 3) having normal blood pressure, 4) having normal blood glucose, 5) being of normal weight, 6) having normal cholesterol levels, and 7) eating a healthy diet (2). Meeting six or all seven CHMs is associated with a lower risk for all-cause, CVD, and ischemic heart disease mortalities compared with the risk to persons who meet none or only one CHM (3). Fewer than 2% of U.S. adults meet all seven of the American Heart Association's CHMs (4). Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality account for an estimated annual $120 billion in lost productivity in the workplace; thus, workplaces are viable settings for effective health promotion programs (5). With over 130 million employed persons in the United States, accounting for about 55% of all U.S. adults, the working population is an important demographic group to evaluate with regard to cardiovascular health status. To determine if an association between occupation and CHM score exists, CDC analyzed data from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) industry and occupation module, which was implemented in 21 states. Among all occupational groups, community and social services employees (14.6%), transportation and material moving employees (14.3%), and architecture and engineering employees (11.6%) had the highest adjusted prevalence of meeting two or fewer CHMs. Transportation and material moving employees also had the highest prevalence of "not ideal" ("0" [i.e., no CHMs met]) scores for three of the seven CHMs: physical activity (54.1%), blood pressure (31.9%), and weight (body mass index [BMI]; 75.5%). Disparities in cardiovascular health status exist among U.S. occupational groups, making occupation an important consideration in employer-sponsored health promotion activities and allocation of prevention resources.
Food-Dependent, Exercise-Induced Anaphylaxis
Authors: Ellen M. Buchbinder
Journal: JAMA (1983)

SYSTEMIC anaphylactic reactions are rare consequences of the ingestion of certain foods, administration of drugs, or exposure to stinging insects. Recently, exercise has been recognized as an additional cause of anaphylaxis.<sup>1</sup>The entity of exercise-induced anaphylaxis has been further modified by the recognition that in some susceptible persons, exercise must be preceded or followed by the ingestion of any food or of specific foods for anaphylaxis to occur.<sup>2,3</sup> This report concerns a patient with food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis. The patient underwent exercise challenge both with and without prior food ingestion; plasma histamine determinations were performed during and after exercise. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 24-year-old woman was initially seen in July 1982 for evaluation of an episode of pruritus, urticaria, angioedema, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea, accompanied by impending loss of consciousness. This episode began after the patient had jogged 1 mile in 20 minutes. Despite symptoms, the patient was
Ожиріння в дитячому віці. Статистична оцінка поширеності в Україні: регіональний аспект
Authors: І.Yu. Skyrda, O.P. Petіshko, V.M. Hladun, N.Yu. Zavhorodnia
Journal: GASTROENTEROLOGY (2016)

Проведено аналіз показників поширеності ожиріння та захворюваності на нього в дітей і підлітків в Україні у 2010–2013 рр. Ожиріння становить 17,2 % серед захворювань ендокринної системи, що в структурі поширеності за класами хвороб серед дітей та підлітків посідають 4-те місце. Аналіз динамічного ряду поширеності ожиріння в дитячій віковій групі продемонстрував, що показник має позитивну динаміку і, відповідно до побудованих математичних моделей, схильний до відносного збільшення в найближчі часові періоди. Подана математична модель характеризується високим коефіцієнтом апроксимації (R2 = 0,9659), що визначає збільшення показника поширеності ожиріння в дітей і підлітків до 2017 р. Важливими профілактичними заходами слід вважати: експертизу мікросередовища (житла, дитячих дошкільних закладів, шкіл); вивчення захворюваності за даними офіційної статистики; проведення медичних оглядів дитячого населення з аналізом стану здоров’я (фізичний розвиток, резистентність, хворобливість); відокремлення груп ризику розвитку патології; організацію диспансерного спостереження; упровадження сучасних лікувальних технологій.
Men and women should practise safe sex for six months to avoid Zika, says WHO
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The World Health Organization has strengthened its advice on preventing sexual transmission of the Zika virus, recommending that both men and women practise safe sex for six months after returning from an area where an infection is present, even if they have no symptoms.1

The previous guidance, published in June, stated that …
Disparities in HPV Vaccination Programs Worldwide
Authors: M.J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Vitamins During Pregnancy and Neural Tube Defects
Authors: J. L. Mills, G. G. Rhoads, J. L. Simpson, G. C. Cunningham
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  In their article entitled Multivitamin/Folic Acid Supplementation in Early Pregnancy Reduces the Prevalence of Neural Tube Defects, Milunsky and coauthors 1 suggest that recall bias or undercounting vitamin use in early pregnancy could have resulted in our study's 2 finding that vitamin and folate supplement use was not associated with a decreased risk for neural tube defects.  We do not consider recall bias a problem in our study, however, becausemore than half the women who reported supplement use were able to locate the bottle and read us the ingredients, good evidence that the data are accurately reported. Milunsky et al state that most of their subjects did not know their pregnancy outcomes at the time of their interviews. However, it would be important to know how many women, especially those with neural tube defects, knew the results of their maternal serum α-fetoprotein screening tests before they were
Cytoskeletal abnormalities and neutrophil dysfunction in WDR1 deficiency
Authors: Douglas B. Kuhns, Danielle L. Fink, Uimook Choi, Colin Sweeney, Karen Lau, Debra Long Priel, Dara Riva, Laura Mendez, Gulbu Uzel, Alexandra F. Freeman, Kenneth N. Olivier, Victoria L. Anderson, Robin Currens, Vanessa Mackley, Allison Kang, Mehdi Al-Adeli, Emily Mace, Jordan S. Orange, Elizabeth Kang, Stephen J. Lockett, De Chen, Peter J. Steinbach, Amy P. Hsu, Kol A. Zarember, Harry L. Malech, John I. Gallin, Steven M. Holland
Journal: Blood (2016)
Polychlorinated Biphenyl and Organochlorine Pesticide Concentrations in Maternal Mid-Pregnancy Serum Samples: Association with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Intellectual Disability
Authors: Kristen Lyall, Lisa. A. Croen, Andreas Sjödin, Cathleen K. Yoshida, Ousseny Zerbo, Martin Kharrazi, Gayle C. Windham
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Background:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are neurodevelopmental toxicants, but few studies have examined associations with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).Objectives:We aimed to determine whether prenatal exposure to PCBs and OCPs influences offspring risk of ASD and intellectual disability without autism (ID).Methods:We conducted a population-based case–control study among Southern California births, including children with ASD (n = 545) meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV-TR) criteria and ID (n = 181), as well as general population (GP) controls (n = 418). Concentrations of 11 PCB congeners and 2 OCPs measured in banked second-trimester serum samples were compared between the diagnostic groups. Logistic regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) for associations with ASD, and separately for ID, compared with GP controls, by quartiles of analyte concentrations in primary analyses.Results:Geometric mean levels of several PCB congeners were higher in the ASD group than in the ID and GP groups. ASD risk was elevated for a number of PCB congeners, particularly for the highest vs. lowest quartile of PCB138/158 (AOR = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.10, 2.71) and PCB153 (AOR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.10, 3.02), and for highest deciles of other congeners in secondary analyses. PCB138/158 was also associated with increased ID (AOR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.18, 4.91), though no trend was suggested. OCPs were not associated with increased risk of ASD in primary analyses, whereas nonmonotonic increases in risk of ID were found with p,p´-DDE.Conclusions:Our results suggest higher levels of some organochlorine compounds during pregnancy are associated with ASD and ID.Citation:Lyall K, Croen LA, Sjödin A, Yoshida CK, Zerbo O, Kharrazi M, Windham GC. 2017. Polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine pesticide concentrations in maternal mid-pregnancy serum samples: association with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Environ Health Perspect 125:474–480; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP277
The multi-omic landscape of transcription factor inactivation in cancer
Authors: Andrew E. Teschendorff, Shijie C. Zheng, Andy Feber, Zhen Yang, Stephan Beck, Martin Widschwendter
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

Hypermethylation of transcription factor promoters bivalently marked in stem cells is a cancer hallmark. However, the biological significance of this observation for carcinogenesis is unclear given that most of these transcription factors are not expressed in any given normal tissue.We analysed the dynamics of gene expression between human embryonic stem cells, fetal and adult normal tissue, as well as six different matching cancer types. In addition, we performed an integrative multi-omic analysis of matched DNA methylation, copy number, mutational and transcriptomic data for these six cancer types.We here demonstrate that bivalently and PRC2 marked transcription factors highly expressed in a normal tissue are more likely to be silenced in the corresponding tumour type compared with non-housekeeping genes that are also highly expressed in the same normal tissue. Integrative multi-omic analysis of matched DNA methylation, copy number, mutational and transcriptomic data for six different matching cancer types reveals that in-cis promoter hypermethylation, and not in-cis genomic loss or genetic mutation, emerges as the predominant mechanism associated with silencing of these transcription factors in cancer. However, we also observe that some silenced bivalently/PRC2 marked transcription factors are more prone to copy number loss than promoter hypermethylation, pointing towards distinct, mutually exclusive inactivation patterns.These data provide statistical evidence that inactivation of cell fate-specifying transcription factors in cancer is an important step in carcinogenesis and that it occurs predominantly through a mechanism associated with promoter hypermethylation.