tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3-12-09: Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in breast cancer- A safe and effect method for patients
Authors: C Matuschek, E Boelke, W Budach, W Audretsch, S Wollandt, V Speer, C Nestle-Krämling
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Neoaduvant radiochemotherapy (NRT-CHT) is the standard of care for many solid tumors. It could be also an alternative option for treating patients with locally advanced non inflammatory breast cancer (LABC). Surgeons are afraid of wound healing problems and fear bad cosmetic results. The purpose of this investigation was to find out if there are any acute or late side effects in breast conserving and mastectomy patients after NRT-CHX. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1991 to 1998 a total of 315 LABC patients (cT1-cT4/cN0-N1) were treated with NRT-CHX. Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) consisted of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) of 50 Gy (5 × 2 Gy/week) to the breast and the supra-/infraclavicular lymph nodes combined with a consecutive electron boost in 214 cases or - in case of breast conservation - a 10-Gy interstitial boost with (192)Ir afterloading before EBRT. Chemotherapy was given prior to RT in 192 patients, and concomitantly in 113; 10 patients received no chemotherapy. Also we investigated the acute side effects in 10 patients with NRT-CHX who were treated with this method from 2012-2015. The cosmetic outcome was assessed by patient questionnaire, panel evaluation, and breast retraction assessment (BRA). Quality-of-life was investigated by EORTC QLQ-C30 and BR23 and acute and late radiation side effects by LENT/SOMA scale RESULTS: The long term results of 64 patients after breast conserving surgery and 152 patients after mastectomy were available. Most patients rated their overall cosmetics as excellent or good (94% breast conserving, 55.8% mastectomy). Patient and panel ratings on all cosmetic outcomes were similar between the two groups. After a follow up of 14-23 years we did not detect any grade III or IV fibrosis in any of our groups. The median BRA score after breast conserving surgery was 2.9 and the over-all quality of life (QLQ-C30) was rated "excellent" or good in 82%. Furthermore we did not detect any grade 3 or 4 acute side effects in our 10 patients who were recently treated with NRT-CHX. CONCLUSION: NRT-CHX is safe method and it is not associated with severe grade 3 or 4 acute or late side effects. Citation Format: Matuschek C, Boelke E, Budach W, Audretsch W, Wollandt S, Speer V, Nestle-Krämling C. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in breast cancer- A safe and effect method for patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-09.
CSF neurochemistry of women with anorexia nervosa and normal women
Authors: R H Gerner, D J Cohen, L Fairbanks, G M Anderson, J G Young, M Scheinin, M Linnoila, B A Shaywitz, T A Hare
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

CSF tyrosine, tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), gamma-aminobutyric acid, choline, and calcium were compared in 33 anorexic and 14 normal women. The only significant difference between groups was a lower tyrosine level in the anorexic patients; their MHPG level was nonsignificantly higher. No significant group differences in body weight or depressive subgroup were found. HVA levels were positively related to body weight, and choline was negatively correlated with anorexia severity. The role of tyrosine requires further research, but these findings do suggest that HVA and choline increase with some recovery measures and MHPG is increased with this illness.
Surveillance of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease in the United Kingdom
Authors: H  J T Ward
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

By the end of May 2000, 54 definite cases and 13 probable cases of vCJD had been notified in the United Kingdom by the National CJD Surveillance Unit set up in 1990. All definite cases for whom data are available are methionine homozygous at codon 129 of
Childhood poverty is linked to adult cancer risk, says report
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

More evidence of a link between children’s surroundings and their risk of developing cancer later in life is shown in a new report published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health .1

The rapid review, based on 22 studies, found that children who were brought up in the poorest households had a greater risk of developing stomach cancer and lung cancer in later life. It also found some evidence of an increased risk of colorectal, liver, cervical, and pancreatic cancers in people with a lower socioeconomic position in …
A Joint Congress of the African Association of Nephrology, South African Renal Society, and Renal Care Society of South Africa Durban, South Africa September 7-10, 1997
Authors: H Kaaroud,  Ben Moussa F, R Goucha, E Abderrahim,  Ben Hamida F,  Ben Abdallah T,  El Younsi F, A Kheder,  Ben Miaz H
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Lithium treatment for cocaine abusers with bipolar spectrum disorders
Authors: E V Nunes, P J McGrath, S Wager, F M Quitkin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

An open trial of lithium carbonate showed little efficacy for 10 cocaine abusers with bipolar spectrum disorders. It may be that the bipolar subgroup of cocaine abusers is heterogeneous and that only a fraction are lithium responsive.
Clinical Reports and Demonstrations: Section of Ophthalmology: Cases Shown at the Meeting Held at the Royal Eye Hospital, St. George's Circus, S.e.1, December 11, 1936: An old Case of Neuro-retinitis (probably Syphilitic) and closely simulating Retinitis Pigmentosa)
Authors: Joseph Minton
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1937)
Diagnosing schizophrenia in 1980: a survey of U.S. psychiatrists
Authors: M H Lipkowitz, S Idupuganti
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors mailed 1,227 questionnaires to U.S. psychiatrists at the time of the introduction of DSM-III to ascertain their diagnostic approach to schizophrenia; 25% (N = 301) of the questionnaires were returned. Only 4 symptom categories reached a 50% accordance level, and there was little agreement on combinations of signs or symptoms, including that recommended by DSM-III. A cluster analysis showed some overall patterns: younger respondents and those from the Pacific coast tended to diagnose more closely to DSM-III; older respondents gave more individualistic responses. The authors express concern that research separating schizophrenia from other disorders that are far more effectively treated has not had a substantial effect on the diagnostic practices of U.S. psychiatrists.
An Address on Pyaemia in Private Practice
Authors: P. Hewett
Journal: BMJ (1874)

GENTLENIEN,-In taking the chair this evening, I cannot thaniking you for the honour which you lhave been confer on me.I confess that I had my misgivings as to my when I took the chair last year; but, -whatever may have been shortcomings, thanks to the Council, and more especially to the unwvearied of our secretaries and of our treasurer, I am happy congratulate you upon the still increasing
Abstract 43: HBEGF cooperates with Cdkn2a and Pten loss to form malignant gliomas
Authors: Clifford Shin, Sheri Holmen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Malignant gliomas are aggressive brain tumors that carry a grim prognosis to over 10,000 patients a year in the United States. The highest grade tumor, glioblastoma, has an average survival of one year with the current standard of care, which includes surgical resection, radiotherapy, and temozolomide chemotherapy. Heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HBEGF), first discovered in macrophages as a mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells, is a ligand for epidermal growth factor receptor, the most commonly amplified receptor-tyrosine kinase in glioblastoma. About 30% of glioblastomas express HBEGF, and it is also commonly upregulated in tumors that express the common EGFR mutant, EGFRvIII. To date, HBEGF has not been evaluated for its ability to promote the development of malignant gliomas in vivo. Using a method for somatic cell gene transfer, we show that HBEGF cooperates with loss of tumor suppressors Cdkn2a and Pten to form malignant gliomas in vivo. These tumors share many characteristics found in human glioblastoma such as necrosis and nuclear atypia. We also demonstrate using high-throughput sequencing that these tumors share a common gene signature to the human glioblastoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas study. No tumors were seen with loss of Cdkn2a and Pten alone, which are the two most common tumor suppressors altered in glioblastoma. Our findings demonstrate that HBEGF can drive the development of high grade gliomas in the context of Cdkn2a and Pten loss and that these tumors closely resemble the human disease. Citation Format: Clifford Shin, Sheri Holmen. HBEGF cooperates with Cdkn2a and Pten loss to form malignant gliomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; Jun 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(1_Suppl):Abstract nr 43.
Reduced benzodiazepine sensitivity in patients with panic disorder: comparison with patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and normal subjects
Authors: P Roy-Byrne, D K Wingerson, A Radant, D J Greenblatt, D S Cowley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors sought to replicate their previous finding of reduced response to diazepam in patients with panic disorder, to test whether this effect was specific for panic disorder, and to determine whether this reduced response was merely an artifact of resistance to sedation from anxiety-related overarousal.The effects of four increasing intravenous doses of diazepam on saccadic eye movement velocity and accuracy (the latter being a saccadic variable that is unaffected by sedation), short-term memory, and self- and observer-rated sedation were assessed in 18 patients with panic disorder, 15 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, and 14 normal comparison subjects. The ratios of effect to blood level areas under the curve for both ascending and descending limbs of the effect/blood level curves were compared for each variable.Patients with panic disorder showed significantly less diazepam effect on saccadic velocity and accuracy for the ascending limb of the blood level curve than comparison subjects. Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder showed similar differences from comparison subjects but only for saccadic velocity. There were no group differences in diazepam effects on memory and sedation.Patients with panic disorder are less sensitive than comparison subjects to diazepam. Although this difference is not an artifact of resistance to sedation, it may not be specific for panic disorder but rather may reflect a more nonspecific aspect of anxiety disorders.
Pneumococcal Vaccine Failure
Authors: E M Ossowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Polyvalent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines are not 100 percent effective in preventing pneumococcal disease. In the case reported, pneumococcal meningitis and bacteremia developed about two years after the patient received the vaccine. When a patient presents with an illness that is consistent with pneumococcal infection, this etiology must be considered, regardless of the immunization history.
Case 48-1977
Authors: David J. Kanarek, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Presentation of CaseA 58-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of bilateral pleural effusions.Four years previously symptoms of a respiratory-tract infection developed, with a cough and scanty sputum; the cough persisted. Two years later he became dyspneic on strenuous exertion; during the next year the dyspnea worsened. One year before admission an intravenous pyelographic examination with nephrotomograms was reported to show a cyst in the right kidney. Nine months before entry he became dyspneic on climbing one flight of stairs and added a second pillow for sleep; the cough continued. He experienced pain in both calves and . . .
Nonnucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor–Sparing Antiretroviral Regimens for Treatment-Naive Volunteers Infected With HIV-1
Authors: J L Lennox, R J Landovitz, H J Ribaudo, I Ofotokun, L H Na, C Godfrey, D R Kuritzkes, M Sagar, T T Brown, S E Cohn, G A McComsey, F Aweeka, C J Fichtenbaum, R M Presti, S L Koletar, D W Haas, K B Patterson, C A Benson, B P Baugh, R Y Leavitt, J F Rooney, D Seekins, J S Currier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Author(s): Lennox, JL; Landovitz, RJ; Ribaudo, HJ; Ofotokun, I; Na, LH; Godfrey, C; Kuritzkes, DR; Sagar, M; Brown, TT; Cohn, SE; McComsey, GA; Aweeka, F; Fichtenbaum, CJ; Presti, RM; Koletar, SL; Haas, DW; Patterson, KB; Benson, CA; Baugh, BP; Leavitt, RY; Rooney, JF; Seekins, D; Currier, JS; ACTG A5257 Team
Nightmares: clinical characteristics and personality patterns
Authors: A Kales, C R Soldatos, A B Caldwell, D S Charney, J D Kales, D Markel, R Cadieux
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors evaluated the development and clinical course of nightmares and the personality patterns of people with this dosorder by studying 30 adults who had a current complaint of nightmares. Nightmares usually began in childhood or adolescence and were chronic. Psychological factors played a major role in the development and persistence of nightmares, major life events were often associated with the onset of the disorder, mental stress usually increased the frequency of events, and psychological testing indicated relatively high levels of psychopathology. Nightmares sufferers in general were distrusful, alienated, sufferers in general were distrustful, alienated, and emotionally estranged, and many showed a chronic schizoid pattern of adjustment, but they were not overtly psychotic.
Cyclothymic disorder: validating criteria for inclusion in the bipolar affective group
Authors: H S Akiskal, A M Djenderedjian, R H Rosenthal, M K Khani
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors identified 46 cyclothymic probands from a random pool of 500 psychiatric outpatients and prospectively followed them over a 2-3 year period. They used 50 bipolar patients with a definite history of mania and 50 patients with personality disorders as control groups. Although 66% of the cyclothymic outpatients had previously received the diagnosis of hysteria or sociopathy, their pedigrees were similar to those seen in classical bipolar manic-depressive illness; furthermore, 44% of the cyclothymic group experienced brief hypomanic episodes while taking tricyclic drugs, and 35% developed full-blown hypomanic, manic, or depressive episodes during drug-free follow-up. The authors conclude that these findings provide evidence for a cyclothymic-bipolar spectrum.
VEGFR2-Targeted Three-Dimensional Ultrasound Imaging Can Predict Responses to Antiangiogenic Therapy in Preclinical Models of Colon Cancer
Authors: Jianhua Zhou, Huaijun Wang, Huiping Zhang, Amelie M. Lutz, Lu Tian, Dimitre Hristov, Jürgen K. Willmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging capabilities to assess responses to anticancer therapies are needed to minimize sampling errors common to two-dimensional approaches as a result of spatial heterogeneity in tumors. Recently, the feasibility and reproducibility of 3D ultrasound molecular imaging (3D USMI) using contrast agents, which target molecular markers, have greatly improved, due to the development of clinical 3D matrix array transducers. Here we report preclinical proof-of-concept studies showing that 3D USMI of VEGFR2/KDR expression accurately gauges longitudinal treatment responses to antiangiogenesis therapy in responding versus nonresponding mouse models of colon cancer. Tumors in these models exhibited differential patterns of VEGFR2-targeted 3D USMI signals during the course of antiangiogenic treatment with bevacizumab. In responding tumors, the VEGFR2 signal decreased as soon as 24 hours after therapy was started, whereas in nonresponding tumors there was no change in signal at any time point. The early decrease in VEGFR2 signal was highly predictive of treatment outcome at the end of therapy. Our results offer preclinical proof that 3D USMI can predict responses to antiangiogenic therapy, warranting further investigation of its clinical translatability to predicting treatment outcomes in patients. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4081-9. ©2016 AACR.
Abstract P6-03-15: Inhibition of breast cancer tumor cell lines by simvastatin is dependent on specific p53 mutation
Authors: SR Ferdosi, H Grewal, L Gonzalez-Malerva, S Eaton, N Briones, J LaBaer, KS Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Simvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases. In retrospective studies, statin treatment has been associated with a modest decrease in overall cancer incidence, including breast cancer (10-15%). Simvastatin Inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in a pilot window-of-opportunity trial in neoadjuvant breast cancer. Mutation in TP53 is correlated with elevated expression of genes regulating cholesterol biosynthesis and sensitivity to statin treatment in vitro. We hypothesized that specific mutations in TP53 would be associated with differential sensitivity to simvastatin. Method: We generated MCF10A stably transduced cell lines over-expressing ten frequent TP53 missense point mutations. We assessed the impact of TP53 mutation on growth inhibition induced by simvastatin treatment (range of 1-30 µM for 96 hrs). In parallel, induction of apoptosis was measured by caspase3 reporter assay. Illumina 4-plexed 1x50bp RNA sequencing was performed on cells with R273H, G245S, R248Q, Y234C and wt TP53 before and after exposure to 2.5 µM simvastatin. Results: We confirmed that mutation in TP53 was markedly associated with growth inhibition by simvastatin treatment in vitro. We now demonstrate that TP53 mutation in R273C, G245S and R273H are highly sensitive to simvastatin with IC50 values ≤ 2.1 µM. In contrast, TP53 mutations in Y234C and R248Q were approximately five-fold more resistant. The resistant mutations were similar to MCF10A overexpressing wild type TP53. Growth inhibition was correlated with induction of apoptosis, and could be rescued by addition of farnesylpyrpphosphate and geranylgeranylpyrophosphate. HMGCR upregulation was observed across all treated cell lines. RNA-seq analysis confirms down regulation of the PIK3CA, PIK3CB, and Akt in the sensitive cell lines, but paradoxical upregulation in the resistant cells. Further gene expression analysis will be presented. Conclusion: Specific TP53 mutation status may impact sensitivity of breast cancer to simvastatin treatment. Citation Format: Ferdosi SR, Grewal H, Gonzalez-Malerva L, Eaton S, Briones N, LaBaer J, Anderson KS. Inhibition of breast cancer tumor cell lines by simvastatin is dependent on specific p53 mutation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-03-15.
Memorial to Sir Ronald Fisher
Authors: J. Gaddum
Journal: BMJ (1964)

large amounts of " bovril," " oxo," and "virol," or spinach and lentils.One 8-oz.(227-g.)bottle of " virol " contains only 64 mg. of available iron, costing 3s.6d., com- pared with three ferrous-gluconate tablets containing 108 mg. of absorbable iron,' cost- ing less than ld.On economic grounds alone one could not justify the dietary recommendation, the efficacy of which is doubtful.Surely £1 for one's total supply of iron throughout pregnancy is a small price to pay to assure a safe haemoglobin level at term ?Indeed, Professor G. G. Lennon remarks in his book' that there is no reason why all pregnant women should not have a Hb of 100% at term if prophylactic iron is given.The other controversial point of this article is the comment about hypertension.Patients with a blood-pressure of 140/90 or over should have initial assessment to ascertain the cause-that is, chronic nephritis, coarctation of the aorta, and phaeochromocytoma, etc., careful and frequent examination and induction at the 38th-39th week, with full appreciation of the risk of intrauterine death.2Consequently, I do not think this article warrants the title " Current 'Practice " with the treatment of two disorders so out of line with current obstetric practice.-Iam, etc., Bristol 4.
Outpatient psychotherapy in the United States, II: Patterns of utilization
Authors: M Olfson, H A Pincus
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The purpose of this article is to characterize the use of psychotherapy based on episode duration.Data were analyzed from the household section of the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey. The authors determined the demographic characteristics, provider and reason for visit distribution, mental and physical health status, and expenditures associated with very short-term (one to two sessions), short-term (three to 10 sessions), intermediate-term (11 to 20 sessions), and long-term (> 20 sessions) psychotherapy.Long-term psychotherapy accounted for 15.7% of psychotherapy users and 62.9% of total psychotherapy expenditures. Age above 65 years, black race, and less than 12 years of education decreased the likelihood of receiving long-term psychotherapy. Whereas long-term psychotherapy episodes tended to be provided by the specialty sector (65.7%) for specific mental conditions (53.8%), very short-term episodes were predominantly provided by the general medical sector (72.2%) for general medical or unspecified conditions (68.3%). Psychotropic medication use and, to less extent, psychiatric hospitalization tended to be more common among longer- as opposed to shorter-term users.Long-term and short-term psychotherapy tend to be provided by different health care professionals for the treatment of different types of health conditions. To help ensure the future of third-party payment for long-term psychotherapy, research is needed to better define the conditions under which long-term psychotherapy achieves benefits that equal or surpass those of other medical services or procedures of similar cost.
Local antigen in nonlymphoid tissue promotes resident memory CD8+ T cell formation during viral infection
Authors: Tahsin N. Khan, Jana L. Mooster, Augustus M. Kilgore, Jossef F. Osborn, Jeffrey C. Nolz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Tissue-resident memory (Trm) CD8+ T cells are functionally distinct from their circulating counterparts and are potent mediators of host protection against reinfection. Whether local recognition of antigen in nonlymphoid tissues during infection can impact the formation of Trm populations remains unresolved. Using skin infections with vaccinia virus (VacV)–expressing model antigens, we found that local antigen recognition had a profound impact on Trm formation. Activated CD8+ T cells trafficked to VacV-infected skin in an inflammation-dependent, but antigen-independent, manner. However, after viral clearance, there was a subsequent ∼50-fold increase in Trm formation when antigen was present in the tissue microenvironment. Secondary antigen stimulation in nonlymphoid tissue caused CD8+ T cells to rapidly express CD69 and be retained at the site of infection. Finally, Trm CD8+ T cells that formed during VacV infection in an antigen-dependent manner became potent stimulators of localized antigen-specific inflammatory responses in the skin. Thus, our studies indicate that the presence of antigen in the nonlymphoid tissue microenvironment plays a critical role in the formation of functional Trm CD8+ T cell populations, a finding with relevance for both vaccine design and prevention of inflammatory disorders.