tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-357 Variation in quality of bowel preparation between different sessions of the day in the bowelscope screening programme
Authors: HYH Kwok, K Hopkins, H Fotheringham, RHT Loke
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> NHS Bowelscope screening was recently piloted in 2013 to complement the existing NHS bowel cancer screening programme. Currently there is a paucity of data on whether the timing of the procedure (Morning, afternoon or evening lists) has any impact on the quality of bowel preparation. This study examined the difference in quality of bowel preparation between different sessions of the day, and also whether opening the bowels prior to phosphate enema would have any impact on the quality of subsequent bowel preparation. <h3>Method</h3> Patients who participated in the NHS Bowelscope screening programme in the West Kent and Medway bowel cancer screening centres were included. We prospectively gathered data over a 2 months period between 8/12/14 to 7/2/15, looking at the quality of bowel preparation in the AM, PM and evening lists. We also examined whether patients have had their bowels opened prior to phosphate enema, as this may affect the quality. <h3>Results</h3> Over the 2 months study period, 574 patients attended for flexible sigmoidoscopy (AM: 242; PM: 277; Evening: 55). In the AM lists (F: 118 (49%); M: 124 (51%)), 131 patients had good bowel preparation (54%), 68 had adequate bowel preparation (28%), and 43 were deemed inadequate (18%). In the PM lists (F: 128 (46%); M: 149 (54%)), 173 patients had good bowel preparation (63%), 90 patients had adequate bowel preparation (32%) and 14 were deemed inadequate (5%). In the evening lists (F: 26 (47%); M: 29 (53%)), 37 patients had good bowel preparation (67%), 16 patients had adequate bowel preparation (29%), and only 2 were deemed inadequate (4%). Both PM and evening lists had significantly less inadequate preparation compared to the morning lists (p &lt; 0.0001). In the morning lists, only 160 patients (66%) had their bowels opened prior to phosphate enema. Whereas in the afternoon and evening lists, 233 (84%) and 39 patients (71%) had their bowels opened prior to phosphate enema respectively (p &lt; 0.0001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our study has shown that the quality of bowel preparation was significantly worse in the AM lists compared with the PM and evening lists (Inadequate bowel preparation in 18% of patients in the AM lists, 5% PM lists, 4% evening lists). Furthermore, less patients had their bowels opened prior to phosphate enema in the AM group (AM 66%, PM 84%, evening 71%). In light of these findings, changes in practice, such as booking less patients in the morning lists in the event that re-enema is required in order to avoid list overrunning, or, offering double enema, may provide better outcome and ultimately improves adenoma detection rate. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
European drug agency recommends limiting colistin use in animals to cut resistance in patients
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has recommended limiting sales of colistin for use in animals, in new guidance that aims to halt the spread of resistance in patients who receive it as the antibiotic of last resort for multidrug resistant bacterial infections.1

The European Commission asked the EMA to update previous guidance, after reports from several European countries of colistin resistance being transmitted between people by a new mechanism involving the mcr-1 gene. The gene can be transferred between different types of bacteria, …
AB0811 Carotid Atherosclerosis is Associated with Compromised Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Microstructure in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Table 1.
Authors: J. Shen, Q. Shang, E.K. Li, T.Y. Zhu, L. Qin, L.-S. Tam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Considerable evidence supports a relationship between low bone mineral density (BMD) and the presence of atherosclerotic plaque in the general population, probably related to molecular pathways between bone disease and formation of atherosclerotic plaque. Patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) have increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) and osteoporosis. Whether there is any association between SCA and volumetric BMD (vBMD) and microstructure has never been explored in PsA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to examine the association between SCA and vBMD and bone microstructural features in PsA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 95 PsA patients (51 males; age: 54±11 years) were included. Carotid plaque and intima-media thickness (IMT) were measured by carotid ultrasound. vBMD and microstructural features of the distal radius were measured using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT). <h3>Results</h3> No PsA patients had clinically overt cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Forty (42.1%) patients were found to have ≥1 carotid plaque(s). Patients with plaque were significantly older (59±11 vs 51±10 years, <i>p</i>=0.001), had a longer PsA disease duration (16±7 vs 13±7 years, <i>p</i>=0.041) and an increased prevalence of high CV risk (Framingham risk score [FRS] 10-year CVD risk &gt;10% in 65% vs 35%, <i>p</i>=0.003) than patients without plaque. Patients with plaque were more likely to be male (65% vs 46%, <i>p</i>=0.059). Total vBMD and trabecular vBMD were 13.0% (<i>p</i>=0.005) and 13.5% (<i>p</i>=0.021) less in patients with plaque, respectively (Table 1). Bone microstructure were also inferior in patients with plaque as trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular and cortical thickness were 13.4% (<i>p</i>=0.021), 11.2% (<i>p</i>=0.008) and 11.8% (<i>p</i>=0.033) lower, respectively. These differences remained significant after adjustment for age, gender, PsA disease duration and FRS score (all <i>p</i>&lt;0.05). Cortical vBMD and porosity were not significantly different between the two groups. Patients with plaque also had significantly lower biomechanical indices including stiffness, modulus, failure load and trabecular average stress after adjustment (all <i>p</i>&lt;0.05). On the other hand, mean or maximum IMT was not associated with vBMD or microstructural features. <h3>Conclusions</h3> PsA patients with SCA have lower vBMD, compromised bone microstructure and strength in the distal radius compared with those without SCA even after adjustment for age, gender and CVD risk factors, supporting linkage of molecular pathways between bone disease and formation of atherosclerotic plaque. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Tricuspid endocarditis induced by implantable venous access.
Authors: B Weidmann, T Hänseler, C Jimenez, N Niederle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.5.1103 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8164035 Tricuspid endocarditis induced by implantable venous access. B WeidmannxB WeidmannSearch for articles by this author , T HänselerxT HänselerSearch for articles by this author , C JimenezxC JimenezSearch for articles by this author , N NiederlexN NiederleSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.5.1103 First Page PDF © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Case 19-1988
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Nicholas S. Hill, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Presentation of CaseA 33-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of cough, fever, and a left pleural effusion.He was well until about five weeks earlier, when a Dry cough, headaches, myalgia, malaise, and anorexia appeared. He stayed off his job for one week, but his symptoms did not improve. On returning to work he experienced increasing exertional dyspnea. Anorexia persisted; he Drank juices, ate little, and lost 16 kg in weight during this period. He began to have dizziness, fever, and night sweats, without frank rigors. In recent days he became aware of pleuritic pain in the . . .
Brain Tumors In Children Exposed to Barbiturates
Authors: John F. Annegers, Ph.D., Leonard T. Kurland, M.D., W.Allen Hauser, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Brain Tumors In Children Exposed to Barbiturates Get access John F. Annegers, Ph.D., John F. Annegers, Ph.D. Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55901 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leonard T. Kurland, M.D., Leonard T. Kurland, M.D. Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55901 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W.Allen Hauser, M.D. W.Allen Hauser, M.D. Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University, New York, New York 10032 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 1, July 1979, Page 3, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.1.3 Published: 01 July 1979
Influenza
Authors: Huan J. Chang, Robert M. Golub
Journal: JAMA (2011)

InfluenzaI nfluenza ("flu") is a contagious viral infection mainly affecting the nose, throat, airways, and lungs.It is one of the most changeable viruses; changes in the proteins of the virus can be small and continuous or abrupt.Flu outbreaks occur yearly, usually from November to March in the northern hemisphere.Approximately 5% to 20% of Americans are infected every flu season.Most people improve within a week, but for elderly people, infants and children, and people with some chronic diseases, influenza can be life-threatening.In the United States, more than 36 000 deaths and 200 000 hospitalizations are related to seasonal influenza each year.The October 19, 2011, issue of JAMA includes an article about H1N1 influenza.This Patient Page is based on one previously published in the November 4, 2009, issue of JAMA. TYPES OF INFLUENZAInfluenza viruses are classified as type A, B, or C. Type A is the most common and causes most of the serious epidemics.Influenza can infect many animals, such as ducks, chickens, and pigs, as well as humans.Type B can cause epidemics but these are usually milder than type A influenza.Type C has never been associated with an epidemic.Influenza is not the same as the common cold.Similarly, "stomach flu" is not influenza.In 2009, a new H1N1 influenza A virus started causing widespread disease.Influenza A continues to be the most common type of seasonal influenza. TRANSMISSIONInfluenza is transmitted from person to person by droplets when infected persons cough or sneeze.It is also possible to become infected after touching a surface that has been contaminated by someone who has flu.Those living in crowded conditions or in schools are at greatest risk of infection.People are infectious from 1 day before symptoms develop until up to 5 days after becoming sick.
OC-038 The age-dependent relationship of dietary antioxidant intake and the risk of barrett’s oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma: a uk prospective cohort study using micronutrient data from food diaries and serum biomarkers
Authors: Jh-E Kang, M Yates, R Luben, E Cheong, L Alexandre, L Igali, K-T Khaw, A Hart
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The development of both Barrett's oesophagus (BO) and oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) may involve oxidative stress. We investigated whether the antioxidants vitamins C and E, selenium, zinc and carotene were associated with a decreased risk of BO and OAC, in the same population, using nutritional information from 7-day food diaries, the most accurate questionnaire-based methodology. <h3>Method</h3> A cohort of 23,658 initially well individuals, aged 40–74 years, enrolled in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer-Norfolk Study completed 7-day food diaries. Serum vitamin C levels were measured. They were monitored till December 2008 to identify those diagnosed with BO and OAC, confirmed through reviewing medical records. Hazard ratios (HRs) for these two conditions were estimated for each quintile of intake, corrected for age, gender, BMI and smoking. The analyses were repeated in participants younger and older than 65 years at recruitment, the mid-point of the peak prevalence of BO. <h3>Results</h3> 92 participants who developed BO and 61 OAC were compared with 3712 randomly selected controls. In the whole cohort, and in those aged above 65 years at recruitment, there were no associations between any antioxidant and the risk of developing BO or OAC. However, in participants aged less than 65 years at recruitment, for BO statistically non-significant inverse associations were observed between all quintiles of food-diary assessed vitamin C intake (highest vs lowest quintile HR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.20–1.22), with a significant inverse trend across quintiles for serum vitamin C and BO risk (Trend HR = 0.76; CI = 0.59–0.97; P = 0.03). For the development of OAC in participants recruited when less than 65 years, there were significant inverse trends across quintiles for both dietary vitamin C intake (Trend HR = 0.65; CI = 0.44–0.96; P = 0.03) and serum vitamin C (Trend HR = 0.54; CI = 0.33–0.89; P = 0.02). In this group there was a borderline significant inverse trend between vitamin E intake and OAC (Trend HR = 0.70; CI = 0.48–1.01; P = 0.06), but no associations with zinc, selenium or carotenes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Vitamin C deficiency may be involved in the aetiology of BO and possibly OAC, and may influence carcinogenesis below 65 years of age. Vitamin E may prevent the malignant progression of BO to OAC, again in younger individuals. Vitamins C and E levels should be measured in future aetiological studies for these conditions and randomised controlled trials of their use to prevent the malignant progression of BO may be justified. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Abnormal Numbers Of Regulatory T Cell (Tregs) Subsets Are Sigificantly Associated With Adverse Disease Outcome In Lower Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Authors: Thorsten Braun, Makoto Miyara, Sabine Brechignac, Stephanie Harel, Sylvain Thepot, Claude Gardin, Guy Gorochov, Pierre Fenaux, Lionel Ades
Journal: Blood (2013)
Relationship of serum TSH concentration and antithyroid antibodies to diagnosis and DST response in psychiatric inpatients
Authors: J J Haggerty, J S Simon, D L Evans, C B Nemeroff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Basal serum TSH concentration, antithyroid antibody titers, and DST response were evaluated in 124 psychiatric patients with affective symptoms. DST nonsuppressors were more likely than DST suppressors to have thyroid abnormalities.
High risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children of parents with childhood onset of the disorder: a pilot study
Authors: J Biederman, S V Faraone, E Mick, T Spencer, T Wilens, K Kiely, J Guite, J S Ablon, E Reed, R Warburton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Although well-documented in clinical and epidemiological studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children, the familial nature of the adult syndrome has not been well investigated. One approach to evaluate the familial nature of adult ADHD is through a high-risk design aimed at estimating the risk for the disorder in children of parents with child-hood-onset ADHD.Children at risk for ADHD were ascertained from the study group of 84 referred adults with clinical diagnoses of childhood onset of the disorder, confirmed by structured interviews. Diagnostic information on the disorder was derived from the ADHD module of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children--Epidemiologic Version, supplemented with information regarding treatment for ADHD for the affected child and school history including repeated grades, placement in special classes, and tutoring.Of the 84 children at risk, 48 (57%) met criteria for ADHD. The rate of the disorder in children of adults with the disorder was significantly higher than the previously reported rate of ADHD among siblings of children with the disorder. Of the 48 ADHD children of parents with the disorder, 36 (75%) were treated for it. The rates of school failure were almost identical to those previously reported in a group of referred children and adolescents with ADHD.These results support the validity of the adult diagnosis of ADHD and suggest that the adult form of this disorder may have stronger familial etiological risk factors than its pediatric form. If these results are confirmed, families selected through adult probands with ADHD might be especially useful for testing genetic hypotheses about the disorder.
Are we training too many psychiatrists?
Authors: J Yager, J F Borus
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

In contrast to the past decade's concerns about an undersupply of psychiatric manpower, the authors point out that the profession may soon be facing the prospect of an oversupply of psychiatrists. Given the present rate of producing psychiatrists, shifts in demands for psychiatric services, changing payment and access patterns regarding specialty medical care, increasing numbers of nonpsychiatrist mental health professionals, and a probable surfeit of primary care physicians, underemployment of psychiatrists may become commonplace. Future psychiatrists will likely be used more as consultants, and the profession will need fewer, but better trained, graduates. The authors present alternative proposals to deal with service needs related to such reductions.
AB1015 Sexual Maturation in Brazilian Girls with Juvenile Idiopathic
Authors: S.H. Machado, P.J.C. Marostica, L.M. Goncalves, P. Lora, L. Trindade, R.M. Xavier
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) is among the most prevalent rheumatic disease in children. Abnormal puberty is often reported in chronic inflammatory diseases such as JIA.Such condition may be secondary to inflammation, undernutrition or medications (pex: glucocorticoids) <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to compare sexual maturation of girls with JIA and age-gender paired healthy control group from Southern Brazil. <h3>Methods</h3> A case-control study was conducted with all consecutive JIA female patients followed at Rheumatology outpatient clinics from Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre and health control (HC) subjects aged six to 18 year.JIA diagnosis was made according to the criteria of the International League of Association for Rheumatology. Demographic and disease related data were obtained as well as: Tanner breast stage (Bre), menarche age and ultrasound measurements of uterine volume (UV), pulsatility index by Color Doppler (PI) and Endometrial thickness (ET). Parametric tests (chi-square and t-test) were used to compare patients and healthy controls. A lower than 0.05 p value was considered statistically significant. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-two JIA girls and 42 HC were included in a cross-sectional study. The JIA girls mean of age was 12.0 (3.08) and HC was 12.0 (3.16) years. Ten percent had JIA systemic type, 31% oligopersistent, 59,6% oligoextended and polyarticular course. The mean age of JIA patients in stage tanner II was significantly higher than HC (11,2 [1,1) vs 9,6 [0,9]). All HC (10) girls above 15 years-old were in a stage tanner V in contrast to JIA patients that only fifty percent (5) was at this stage at this age. There was no difference in menarch age, weight and height between HC and JIA in all stages of tanner. In relation to ultrasound findings, there was only a difference in the PI on stage tanner II. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results showed that JIA patients began and finished puberty maturation latter than HC individuals. However, these are preliminary data and more subjects have been enrolled in the study. Further investigation about the relation between delayed puberty and inflammation are still needed to better clarify this topic and to challenge new therapeutic strategies. <h3>References</h3> Asăvoaie C, Fufezan O, Coşarcă M. Ovarian and uterine ultrasonography in pediatric patients. Pictorial essay. Med Ultrason. 2014 Jun;16(2):160-7. Brämswig J<sup>1</sup>, Dübbers A. Disorders of pubertal development. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2009 Apr;106(17):295-303; El Badri D, Rostom S, Bouaddi I, et al. Sexual maturation in Moroccan patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2014 May;34(5):665-8 Maher SE, Ali FI. Sexual maturation in Egyptian boys and girls with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2013 Aug;33(8):2123-6. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Q&amp;A: Howard Koh on Smoking Cessation and Policy
Authors:  Howard Koh,  American Association Cancer
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

To mark the 50th anniversary of the Surgeon General's first report on smoking and health, and to promote this year's report, Howard Koh, MD, MPH, assistant secretary for health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, spoke about the importance of and the continuing need for tobacco-control efforts.
Inherence is an aspect of psychological essentialism
Authors: Tara C Dennehy
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Inherence is not a distinct construct from psychological essentialism; it is one of several underlying beliefs. I propose that inherence is only one entry point to the perception of an essence and posit that context may influence which aspects of essentialist reasoning precede inferring an essence. I also discuss how psychological essentialism can uniquely account for violations of category-based expectancies.
The role of social relationships in the course of first-episode schizophrenia and affective psychosis
Authors: D H Erickson, M Beiser, W G Iacono, J A Fleming, T Y Lin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The Markers and Predictors of Psychosis study at the University of British Columbia addresses the role of psychosocial factors, such as social relationships, in predicting the short-term course of first-episode schizophrenia. Before their first episode of illness, schizophrenic subjects had fewer and less satisfactory social relationships than subjects with affective psychosis and a matched, normal comparison group. Nonfamily social resources were positively associated with good prognosis for both psychotic groups. While involvement with family members also predicted good prognosis among subjects with affective psychosis, family involvement had a negative association with outcome among schizophrenic subjects.