tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A7.22 Effects of whole-body vibration exercise on physical capacity and prostaglandin metabolites in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis
Authors: M Korotkova, S Sandström, A Hallén, H Idborg, C Dorph, H Alexanderson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) is a rare condition with slow progression of muscle weakness and muscle atrophy leading to severe disability. Knowledge of exercise effects in sIBM is limited. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise on physical capacity, disease activity and urine levels of prostaglandin metabolites (PG-M) in patients with sIBM. <h3>Methods</h3> A single subject experimental design was used including four males with sIBM (aged 67–73, diagnosis duration 3–7 years). All were ambulant. During a 6-week non-interventional A-phase participants (P) were assessed every other week; muscle strength (hand-held myometer), physical capacity (30-metre walking test, Sit-to-stand test, heel-lift test), disease activity (6-item core set; physician/patient global, Manual Muscle test, Health Assessment Questionnaire, CK-levels, extra-muscular scores) and urine PG-M levels as an index of systemic PG production. Urine PG-M levels were analysed using LC-MS/MS. During the 12 week interventional B-phase P exercised four muscle groups in upper/lower extremities twice a week. Assessments continued every other week. Intensity started on 30 Hertz (Hz) in two 30-sec sets, increasing up to 45 Hz, 300-sec sets, 4 sets per muscle group. Two consecutive B-phase assessments above/below the A-phase mean + 2SD represented a statistically significant change. Reduced disease activity was defined according to international consensus; &gt;20% improvement in 3/6 items with worsening &gt;25% in no more than 2 items. <h3>Results</h3> P1 experienced the exercise as uncomfortable and stopped after eight weeks and remained unchanged. P2 improved significantly in heel-lift repetitions (A-phase mean 60.3+2SD 27, 4 consecutive B-phase assessments between 100–109), in 30-metre walk time (16.2&nbsp;+&nbsp;1.5, 5 between 14.3&nbsp;–&nbsp;13.7 s) and had reduced disease activity. P3 improved in sit-to-stand repetitions (10&nbsp;+&nbsp;1.5, 3 between 13&nbsp;–&nbsp;16). P4 improved in sit-to-stand repetitions (10&nbsp;+&nbsp;1.5, 5 between 14&nbsp;–&nbsp;18) and in knee extensor strength (36.7&nbsp;+ 3.5, 2 between 48–52 Newton). No changes in systemic production of PGE2 and PGD2 or CK-levels were observed in response to exercise. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The WBV exercise resulted in improved physical capacity. This program was safe with stable prostaglandin and CK levels throughout the study. One P even had reduced disease activity.
Researchers Open a Molcular Window On Random Damage In Lung Cancer
Authors: S. Jenks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Researchers Open a Molcular Window On Random Damage In Lung Cancer Get access Susan Jenks Susan Jenks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 7, April 1992, Pages 473–474, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.7.473-a Published: 01 April 1992
E1 SCINTIGRAPHIC FINDINGS IN PATIENTS WITH KAPOSIʼS SARCOMA RELATED TO ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME.
Authors: T. P. Haynie, P. W. A. Mansell, A. A. Rios
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

The University of Texas System Cancer Center M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston, Texas.
Abstract 4855: Role of HDACi-induced autophagy in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST)
Authors: Keila E. Torres, Gonzalo Lopez, Juehui Liu, Raphael E. Pollock, Dina Lev
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are rare tumors that remain incurable mainly due to their high metastatic potential. These biologically aggressive tumors account for 3-10% of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Roughly 50-60% of MPNSTs develop within the background of an inherited disease known as neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1), while the rest develop sporadically. Despite aggressive combined modality therapy, the 5 year survival rates range from 35% to 50%. Thus, the understanding of MPNST resistance and development of a more efficient and targeted therapeutic approachs is essential to improve the otherwise dismal prognosis for these patients. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are novel compounds with efficacious in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects in a variety of tumor types including STS. Human MPNST cells treated with HDACi exhibit significant growth arrest. However, no apoptosis is observed but rather a dramatic induction of autophagy as assayed by multiple approaches. Whether drug-induced autophagy's role is to protect or kill the cells remains to be determined. Autophagy blockade via siRNA (Beclin 1 and Atg 5) or pharmacological manipulation with bafilomycin A1 and chloroquine significantly enhances HDACi pro-apoptotic effects. Furthermore, in vivo studies revealed that single agent HDACi or chloroquine alone had a modest effect on tumor growth, whereas combined treatment resulted in marked growth inhibition. These findings suggest that autophagy may mediate a potential protective response in MPNST and strongly support further study of combined HDACi with autophagy blockers as a novel therapeutic approach for MPNST. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4855.
The Pathophysiology of Urinary Incontinence among Institutionalized Elderly Persons
Authors: Neil M. Resnick, Subbarao V. Yalla, Edna Laurino
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Although 1 million institutionalized elderly persons have urinary incontinence, little is known about the causes of this problem. We conducted clinical and physiologic studies to determine the causes of established incontinence in a representative sample of 605 institutionalized elderly persons (mean age, 89 years), of whom 40 percent were chronically incontinent of urine. Detailed urodynamic studies in 94 of the 245 incontinent patients (77 women and 17 men; 38 percent) showed that detrusor overactivity was the predominant cause in 61 percent, with concomitant impaired detrusor contractility present in half these patients. Other causes among women were stress incontinence (21 percent), underactive detrusor (8 percent), and outlet obstruction (4 percent). Among the relatively few men in this sample, outlet obstruction accounted for 29 percent of the cases. In 35 percent of the patients, at least two coexisting probable causes of incontinence were identified. Diagnoses among patients with impaired mobility or mentation differed little from those in unimpaired patients. We conclude that the pathophysiology of incontinence in this population is complex; that detrusor hyperreflexia with normal contractility ("uninhibited bladder") accounts for the minority of cases (29 percent), even among patients with dementia; and that the causes of incontinence are as diverse in severely impaired elderly persons as in those who are unimpaired. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:1–7.)
Paraneoplastic chorea: Case autopsy confirmation study with
Authors: Ivo W. Tremont-Lukats, Gregory N. Fuller, Teresa Ribalta, Pierre Giglio, Morris D. Groves
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2002)

A 67-year-old man presented with a 7-month history of insidiously progressive chorea, ataxia, and vertigo.Neurologic examination revealed de cits referable to the basal nuclei, cerebellar vermis, and vestibular nuclei.Small-cell lung cancer was diagnosed by fine-needle biopsy of a parahilar mass.After chemotherapy, the patient's chorea worsened.Anti-Hu antibodies were present in serum and cerebrospinal uid.Microscopic examination of the brain at autopsy revealed diffuse perivascular lymphocytic in ltrates, microglial activation, and neuronophagia throughout the neuraxis, including the brainstem, cerebellum, lenticular nuclei, striatum, and cerebral cortex.Prominent loss of Purkinje cells was seen in the cerebellar vermis and hemispheres to a lesser degree.Chorea is extremely rare as a paraneoplastic manifestation of cancer.The orid presentation and the positive ndings contrasted with an unremarkable MRI of the brain.This case illustrates the preeminence of symptoms and signs over negative MRI findings in paraneoplastic encephalitis.
Eccentricity and conformity
Authors: C. Gray
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Medical teachers are understandably concerned to equip their students with the necessary skills, attitudes, and knowledge for work in the profession. There used to be traditional assumptions of style in appearance, clothing, and manners. This was exemplified by Trevor Howard's character in Brief Encounter: a well-scrubbed doctor in fustian gents” outfitting with mild manners and understated passion. Teachers at medical school said, ‘Look smart, get your hair cut, and keep your finger nails short: the patients, especially elderly patients, want their doctors, and therefore you students, to look like doctors.” The message was a little spoilt by their embroidered Afghan goatskin coat and flares, but we listened in kindly disbelief. Conventional manners and style were part of civilisation, part of the contract between strangers that enabled them to interact with predictable success.

Alas, the world has changed, and the question of style v quality has returned with a vengeance. British reserve is increasingly replaced by transatlantic style, pan-European chic, or Australasian informality. The world is asking for accountable standards of performance from doctors. How far should professionalism determine style and conformity in a medical career? Can medical eccentrics survive the new quality environment?

Doctors are as delightfully varied as humankind. We can all bring to mind the traditional medical stereotypes: bombastic surgeons, sinister physicians, jolly general practitioners, baffled pathologists, and the rest. And we know that in most cases such types are false. In our evidence base of acquaintances, we can perhaps find contrary examples of baffled surgeons, jolly physicians, sinister general practitioners, and bombastic pathologists. Real doctors differ from typecasting by miles, and if you compute the infinite parameters of individuality you rapidly become the unique example of your kind of doctor, and number one in your class.

Medical students are amazed by discordance between appearances and reality. Hippies …
THU0183 Cigarette smoking and antiphospholipid antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: J. Gustafsson, I. Gunnarsson, S. Pettersson, A. Zickert, A. Vikerfors, E. Hellbacher, S. Möller, K. Elvin, J.F. Simard, E. Svenungsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Because of their replication mode and segmented dsRNA genome, homologous recombination is assumed to be rare in the rotaviruses. We analyzed 23,627 complete rotavirus genome sequences available in the NCBI Virus Variation database and found numerous instances of homologous recombination, some of which prevailed across multiple sequenced isolates. In one case, recombination may have generated a novel rotavirus VP1 lineage. We also found strong evidence for intergenotypic recombination in which more than one sequence strongly supported the same event, particularly between different genotypes of the serotype protein, VP7. In addition, we found evidence for recombination in nine of eleven rotavirus A segments. Only two segments, 7 (NSP3) and 11 (NSP5/NSP6), did not show strongly supported evidence of prior recombination. The abundance of putative recombinants with substantial amino acid replacements occurring between different G types suggests a fitness advantage for the resulting recombinant strains. Protein structural predictions indicated that despite the sometimes substantial, amino acid replacements resulting from recombination, the overall protein structures remained relatively unaffected. Notably, recombination junctions appear to occur non-randomly with hot spots corresponding to secondary RNA structures, a pattern that is seen consistently across segments. Collectively, the results of our computational analyses suggest that, contrary to the prevailing sentiment, recombination may be a significant driver rotavirus evolution and influence circulating strain diversity.
P178 Clinician And Patient Experience In The Delivery Of A Day-case Local Anaesthetic Thoracoscopy Service At A Specialist Pleural Unit
Authors: I. Psallidas, J. Corcoran, R. Hallifax, A. Talwar, A. Sykes, N. Rahman
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background and method</h3> Local anaesthetic thoracoscopy (LAT) is utilised by an increasing number of respiratory physicians for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in the setting of pleural disease. Although guidelines [1] allow for day-case LAT (i.e. procedure and discharge home on the same day), the majority of UK centres electively admit patients for overnight observation post-procedure. This impacts on service provision by increasing bed occupancy and limiting procedural capacity; whilst affecting patients by incurring a hospital stay they might not need. Reasons for centres not offering day-case LAT are unclear but may include clinician experience and limitations in the available guidelines. Day-case LAT has been offered by our tertiary centre-based pleural service for a number of years. Patients are routinely considered for this approach if their procedure is for purely diagnostic purposes, as opposed to being therapeutic in addition (i.e. whether talc poudrage pleurodesis is anticipated). Other factors considered in the decision-making process include performance status, co-morbidities and social background. A review of our procedural database from January 2010 to June 2014 was performed to identify the number of day-case LATs and define the characteristics of the patient population offered this approach. <h3>Results</h3> Of 294 LATs booked during this period, 127 (43.2%) were planned as a day-case procedure. 113 day-case LATs went ahead with 7 patients (6.2%) requiring an “unplanned” hospital admission for reasons outlined in Figure 1. Patients planned for day-case LAT tended to be younger (68.1 vs. 72.4 years, p = 0.12, unpaired t-test) with fewer co-morbidities and better social support than the general population having this procedure. No patient declined a day-case procedure having been offered one, whilst the process on the day proved acceptable with most patients valuing the opportunity to avoid an overnight hospital stay. <h3>Conclusion</h3> With careful case selection day-case LAT can be provided successfully, benefiting patients and clinicians whilst saving bed days and healthcare costs. Centres with the appropriate case mix and experience may wish to develop day-case LAT as part of their service. Future guidelines should acknowledge this need and offer advice on patient selection and logistical requirements. <h3>Reference</h3> <i>Thorax</i> 2010; 65 Suppl 2:ii54–60
Abstract 2740: Increased accuracy of TRAP-FISH combination in bladder cancer diagnosis in symptomatic patients
Authors: Sara Bravaccini, Valentina Casadio, Roberta Gunelli, Oriana Nanni, Chiara Arienti, Emanuele Sacanna, Wainer Zoli, Dino Amadori, Rosella Silvestrini, Daniele Calistri
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Previous case-control studies have shown the importance of urine telomerase activity determined by the telomerase repeat amplification protocol (TRAP) assay to detect early bladder cancer. However, its validation is needed in large and consecutive series of symptomatic patients before it can be considered for routine clinical use. The aim of the present study was to verify whether a multiple approach based on first-level TRAP assay analysis and successive evaluation with UroVysion test, limited to patients with TRAP-positive urine samples, could unmask false-positive results and improve diagnostic specificity. Patients and methods: Three hundred individuals with urinary tract symptomatology (50 females, 250 males), but without prior history of bladder malignancy were consecutively enrolled between January 2007 and June 2008. All urine samples were processed for cytological examination and also for telomerase activity determination using a quantitative TRAP assay. FISH analysis was carried out only in TRAP-positive samples. Results: At a cut-off of 50 arbitrary enzymatic units (AEUs), shown in previous case control-studies as the most accurate diagnostic discriminant, the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) using TRAP assay were 48% and 86%, respectively, with an overall accuracy of 71%. With the two-step TRAP-FISH approach, PPV increased to 75% and overall accuracy to 83%. Conclusion: Our results indicate that TRAP assay by itself could make a valid contribution to early bladder cancer diagnosis in high-risk patients with urinary tract symptomatology, and that its combination with FISH could improve specificity by unmasking false-positive TRAP results. *Contributed equally to this work Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2740.
AB0364 Relationship between Self Esteem and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: T. Lakhdar, F. Allali, I. Ben Slama, S. El Kabbaj, L. Medrare, A. Ngeuleu, H. Rkain, N. Hajjaj-Hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Research on patients with chronic illness has demonstrated that self-esteem is related to the reported level of physical restrictions, functional status and perceiption of symptom severity. Previous literature suggests that low self-esteem causes more negative affect for chronic disease patients than healthy populations. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aims to evaluate the frequency of low self esteem in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify factors influencing it. <h3>Methods</h3> It is a cross-sectional study including 103 patients with RA. The demographic characteristics of patients and the characteristics of RA were collected. Pain and fatigue were assessed using the analogic visual scale (0-100 mm), the disease9s activity was evaluated by DAS-28 ESR, the functionnal disability by the arabic version of the health assessment questionnaire (HAQ), and the the psychological state by the arabic version of the questionnaire Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD). The level of self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES). Participants have reported their agreement, on a five-point Likert scale (0 = strongly disagree, 4 = strongly agree) on 10 statements concerning self-perceived aspects of self-esteem. Total scores range from 10-40. A low self esteem rate was defined by a general scroe less than 31<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Results</h3> 103 patients were included with a mean age of 49.7±11.4 years and a female predominance (90 (87.4%)). The median of RA duration was 8.16 years [3.25 to 14.16]. The average DAS28 - ESR was 4.28±1.75, with a median HAQ 0.5 [0 -1.37]. 58 patients (56.3%) have low self esteem. Low self-esteem was significantly associated to a high activity of the RA (OR=1.652, IC95% [1.254-2.176], p&lt;0.001), to an important functional disability (OR=3.114, IC95% [1.676-5.786], p&lt;0.001), greater pain severity VAS (OR=1.021; IC95% [1,006-1,035]; p=0,005), increased fatigue VAS (OR=1,020; IC95% [1,005-1,035]; p=0,009), to anxiety (OR=1.189, IC95% [1.073-1.317], p&lt;0.001) and to depression (OR=1.298, IC95% [1.161-1.499], p&lt;0.001). After a multivariate analysis, depression was the only determinant significantly associated to a low self esteem. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study suggests that low self esteem is frequent in patients suffering from RA, wich may be linked to depressive tendency. Therefore, patients with chronic disease, who already face additional medical and psychosocial burden, may benefit from interventions designed to bolster self-esteem in the ongoing context of self-care. <h3>References</h3> Traduction et validation canadienne-française de l9échelle de l9estime de soi de Rosenberg; Έvelyne F. Vallières et Robert J. Vallerand, 1990: International Journal of Psychology 25, 305-316. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4807
High concentrations of sodium in drinking water and raised blood pressure in coastal deltas affected by episodic seawater inundations
Authors: Pauline F D Scheelbeek, Muhammad AH Chowdhury, Andy Haines, Dewan S Alam, Mohammad A Hoque, Adrian P. Butler, Aneire E Khan, Sontosh K Mojumder, Marta A G Blangiardo, Paul Elliott, Paolo Vineis
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background In times of seawater inundation in coastal deltas, unprotected drinking water sources, such as ponds and shallow tube wells, take on salt water with each inundation. Daily consumption of these saline sources contributes to overall sodium intake. Although there is evidence that a high dietary salt intake is an important risk factor for hypertension, little is known about the effect of high concentrations of sodium in drinking water on population health. In this longitudinal study, we aimed to measure the effect of high concentrations of sodium in drinking water on blood pressure and to assess the reversibility of raised blood pressure when conventional drinking water sources were replaced by low-saline water.
Unsuspected Pericardial Effusion Detected by Parathyroid Scintigraphy With Tc-99m MIBI
Authors: ROSARIO GÓMEZ-BARQUÍN, JOSÉ CARRIL, ISABEL BLANCO, OLGA TABUENCA, REMEDIOS QUIRCE, IGNACIO BANZO, CEFERINO GUTIÉRREZ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Two-phase parathyroid scintigraphy with Tc-99m MIBI was carried out in a 36-year-old man who had secondary hyperparathyroidism. No pathologic parathyroid tissue was detected, but an unsuspected pericardial effusion was demonstrated. Based on this finding, chest radiography and cardiac ultrasonography were performed confirming the diagnosis of pericardial effusion. Unlike previous reports on the diagnosis of pericardial effusion by scintigraphic studies, this may be the first time that it has been detected by Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy done in the context of parathyroid pathology for the detection of parathyroid tissue.
Persistent Prefrontal Engagement Despite Improvements in Laparoscopic Technical Skill
Authors: Kunal Shetty, Daniel Richard Leff, Felipe Orihuela-Espina, Guang-Zhong Yang, Ara Darzi
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

between measures from the MUSIC registry and complication rates from the scorecard (Figure).Discussion | For urologists in Michigan, we found no significant correlation between complication rates reported in the Surgeon Scorecard and perioperative quality measures from a statewide improvement collaborative.This finding supports a prevalent concern that the limited data available in the scorecard provide an incomplete, if not inaccurate, assessment of surgeon performance. 4 However, there are other potential explanations for our findings.First, because dates for included surgical procedures were not entirely congruent between the data sources, the absence of correlations could reflect changes in surgical performance over time.Second, we only examined data for urologists in Michigan; stronger correlations may exist for surgeons from other regions or for other procedures.Nonetheless, our findings highlight limitations with emerging public reporting initiatives.Quality-improvement collaboratives represent an established alternative that provide surgeons with comparative performance feedback on meaningful clinical and patient-reported outcomes while linking these measures with specific improvement initiatives. 5Urologists in Michigan have used this model to achieve population-level improvements in several aspects of prostate cancer care 3 while avoiding potential inadvertent consequences of public reporting.