tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
M145 Prevalence And Determinants Of Vitamin D Deficiency In Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: D. Jolliffe, A. Martineau, W. James, K. Islam, C. Mein, P. Timms, R. Walton, C. Griffiths
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Studies investigating the prevalence and determinants of vitamin D deficiency among COPD patients in the UK are lacking. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a cross-sectional study in 278 COPD patients aged 40–85 years screened for eligibility to participate in a clinical trial of vitamin D supplementation. Lifestyle and demographic data were collected by questionnaire and a blood sample was collected for analysis of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration and DNA extraction. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was determined by liquid chromatography – tandem mass spectrometry. Thirty-seven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in 13 vitamin D-related genes (DBP, DHCR7, CUBN, LRP2, CRTAM, LTA4 H, CYP2R1, CYP3A4, CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1, VDR, RXRA) were typed using Taqman allelic discrimination assays. Logistic regression was used to identify environmental and genetic factors associated with risk of vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D concentration &lt; 50 nmol/L). <h3>Results</h3> Mean serum 25(OH)D concentration was 45.4 nmol/L (SD 25.3); 171/278 (61.5%) participants were deficient. The following factors independently associated with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency: BMI &gt;30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (OR 1.87, p = 0.04) and blood draw during winter and spring seasons (OR 3.00, p &lt; 0.01; OR 2.50, p &lt; 0.01, respectively). The following factors independently associated with reduced risk of deficiency: consumption of a vitamin D supplement, 100–400 IU/day (OR 0.42, p &lt; 0.01); and a sunny holiday abroad no more than 2 months prior to blood draw (OR 0.27, p = 0.02). None of the 37 SNP investigated independently associated with vitamin D deficiency. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Vitamin D deficiency was highly prevalent among COPD patients in this study. Obesity and winter and spring sampling were risk factors for deficiency. Recent travel to a sunny country and consumption of vitamin D supplements were protective. Genetic variants in the vitamin D pathway that have previously been shown to associate with risk of vitamin D deficiency in healthy adult populations were not associated with deficiency in this patient group.
Detection of Synchronous Adenocarcinomas and Multiple Dysplastic Polyps with F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomography in a Case of Nonfamilial Polyposis
Authors: Andrew P Patrikeos, John R Mackay, Rodney J Hicks
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

PATRIKEOS, ANDREW P. M.B.B.S., F.R.A.N.Z.R.*; MACKAY, JOHN R. M.B.B.S., F.R.A.C.S.†; HICKS, RODNEY J. M.D., F.R.A.C.P.* Author Information
Weekly vs. Every-3-Week Paclitaxel and Carboplatin for Ovarian Cancer
Authors: John K. Chan, Mark F. Brady, Richard T. Penson, Helen Huang, Michael J. Birrer, Joan L. Walker, Paul A. DiSilvestro, Stephen C. Rubin, Lainie P. Martin, Susan A. Davidson, Warner K. Huh, David M. O’Malley, Matthew P. Boente, Helen Michael, Bradley J. Monk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A dose-dense weekly schedule of paclitaxel (resulting in a greater frequency of drug delivery) plus carboplatin every 3 weeks or the addition of bevacizumab to paclitaxel and carboplatin administered every 3 weeks has shown efficacy in ovarian cancer. We proposed to determine whether dose-dense weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin would prolong progression-free survival as compared with paclitaxel and carboplatin administered every 3 weeks among patients receiving and those not receiving bevacizumab.
1354 HEPATITIS C VIRUS REINFECTION FOLLOWING SUSTAINED VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE IN INTRAVENOUS DRUG USERS
Authors: S. Manolakopoulos, H. Kranidioti, S. Karatapanis, E. Tsirogianni, J. Goulis, M. Deutsch, O. Anagnostou, D. Margaritopoulos, G. Papatheodoridis, D. Pectasides
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Population-Based Inorganic Mercury Biomonitoring and the Identification of Skin Care Products as a Source of Exposure in New York City
Authors: Wendy McKelvey, Nancy Jeffery, Nancy Clark, Daniel Kass, Patrick J. Parsons
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Mercury is a toxic metal that has been used for centuries as a constituent of medicines and other items.We assessed exposure to inorganic mercury in the adult population of New York City (NYC).We measured mercury concentrations in spot urine specimens from a representative sample of 1,840 adult New Yorkers in the 2004 NYC Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Cases with urine concentrations ≥ 20 µg/L were followed up with a telephone or in-person interview that asked about potential sources of exposure, including ritualistic/cultural practices, skin care products, mercury spills, herbal medicine products, and fish.Geometric mean urine mercury concentration in NYC was higher for Caribbean-born blacks [1.39 µg/L; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-1.70] and Dominicans (1.04 µg/L; 95% CI, 0.82-1.33) than for non-Hispanic whites (0.67 µg/L; 95% CI, 0.60-0.75) or other racial/ethnic groups. It was also higher among those who reported at least 20 fish meals in the past 30 days (1.02 µg/L; 95% CI, 0.83-1.25) than among those who reported no fish meals (0.50 µg/L; 95% CI, 0.41-0.61). We observed the highest 95th percentile of exposure (21.18 µg/L; 95% CI, 7.25-51.29) among Dominican women. Mercury-containing skin-lightening creams were a source of exposure among those most highly exposed, and we subsequently identified 12 imported products containing illegal levels of mercury in NYC stores.Population-based biomonitoring identified a previously unrecognized source of exposure to inorganic mercury among NYC residents. In response, the NYC Health Department embargoed products and notified store owners and the public that skin-lightening creams and other skin care products that contain mercury are dangerous and illegal. Although exposure to inorganic mercury is not a widespread problem in NYC, users of these products may be at risk of health effects from exposure.
S96 A combination score of raised sACE, lymphopenia and hypergammaglobulinaemia correlates with active disease on thoracic CT scan of patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: YR Kendrick, EJ Helm, R Benamore, LP Ho
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Clinical decisions about treatment in pulmonary sarcoidosis, and phenotyping research studies are hampered by inability to objectively measure disease activity. We reviewed 120 consecutive patients from our Sarcoidosis Clinic and observed that raised sACE, immunoglobulin and/or presence of lymphopenia were associated with clinical decisions to change treatment. We question if these markers could be combined to form an objective measure of disease activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis. <h3>Methods</h3> As there is no ‘gold standard’ for disease activity in sarcoidosis, we used thoracic CT scan to reflect disease activity on the basis that ground glass opacity, nodularity, consolidation, interlobular septal thickening and conglomeration reflect T cell alveolit is, cellular infiltrate and granulomatous deposits1–2. Using Fleischner Society definition of terms3, we designed a scoring system (“CT activity score; CTAS”) to quantify this, and examined if a composite clinical score (“clinical activity score; CAS”; IgG&gt;13 g/l= 1, Lymphocytes &lt;1x10^9/l = 1, sACE &lt;55 U/l = 0, 56–100 U/l = 1, &gt;100 U/l = 2) correlated with changes in CTAS. An enhanced CAS incorporating extent of defined CXR abnormalities was also examined. We collected data from 100 consecutive patients diagnosed according to WASOG/ATS criteria (with histological confirmation), who had thoracic CT scan, CXR and blood parameters within three months of each other. Two radiologists scored the CT scans blindly. We present results for the first 20 cases. <h3>Results</h3> CTAS score (maximum possible 81) in our patients ranged from 0 to 40; CAS from 0–4 (maximum 5); when including CXR score - from 1–12 (maximum 12). We found a strong correlation between CAS and CTAS (Figure 1). No correlation was observed between the CTAS and FVC, TLCO or KCO, supporting the premise that severe irreversible functional loss can be inactive. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A combination score incorporating lymphopenia, sACE levels, and hypergammaglobulinemia is strongly correlated with CT quantification of disease activity in pulmonary sarcoidosis. Addition of CXR scoring improved the correlation. This score could be used as an indicator of disease activity to aid clinical decisions on treatment, and paves the way for collation of larger numbers and longitudinal studies to further validate the tool. <h3>References</h3> Nishimura K et al. Radiology 1993. Oberstein A et al. Sarc Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 1997. Hansell DM et al. Radiology 2008.
A randomised study of the effects of anastrozole (A), letrozole (L) and exemestane (E) on bone turnover.
Authors: FM McCaig, L Renshaw, L Williams, O Young, J Murray, EJ Macaskill, M McHugh, R Hannon, J Dixon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1145 Background:&amp;#x2028; Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) reduce circulating oestrogen which increases bone turnover. L decreases circulating oestrogen levels to a greater degree than A. This study compares the effects of the non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors, A and L and the steroidal inactivator, E on bone turnover.&amp;#x2028; Patients and Methods:&amp;#x2028; This was an open, randomized pharmacodynamic study. Bone turnover markers were measured in 162 postmenopausal women with invasive ER +ve breast cancer. As part of their adjuvant hormone therapy, patients were randomized to receive either:&amp;#x2028; 16 weeks of A, 16 weeks of L or 16 weeks of E&amp;#x2028; Fasting blood and urine samples were collected at entry and after 12 and 16 weeks of each drug. Bone remodelling releases breakdown products of type 1 collagen including the terminal peptide fragments N-terminal telopeptides (NTx) and C-terminal telopeptides (CTx). An increase in these indicates bone resorption. Increases in type 1 pro-collagen peptides (N-terminal – PINP) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) indicate bone formation. These were measured as was parathyroid hormone (PTH) which is an indirect measure of overall bone turnover.&amp;#x2028; Results:&amp;#x2028; A vs E vs L&amp;#x2028; A, E and L significantly increased the bone turnover markers - PINP, CTX and bone ALP.&amp;#x2028; E showed a greater change in bone turnover but there were no significant differences between the drugs.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; E resulted in a greater increase in PINP and uNTX compared to the non-steroidal AIs however these were of borderline significance.&amp;#x2028; PINP, CTX and bone ALP all have significantly higher than zero percentage changes, regardless of drug or drug type.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions:&amp;#x2028; AIs cause a significant increase in both bone breakdown and bone formation.&amp;#x2028; There is no evidence to suggest E has less effects on bone turnover than A or L. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1145.
SAT0285 Characteristics of MPO-ANCA Positive Granulomatosis with Polyangitis
Authors: N. Ono, A. Ueda, S. Uezono, D. Himeji, T. Sawabe, S. Yoshizawa, S. Yoshizawa, H. Nishizaka, I. Furugo, C. Kiyohara, Y. Tada, T. Horiuchi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Through the investigation of the actual situation of ANCA associated vasculitis in Japan, we attempted to clarify the characteristics of MPO-ANCA positive Granulomatosis with polyangitis (MPO-GPA). <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospectively we recruited 38 GPA cases from 8 hospitals, and 41 Microscopic polyangitis (MPA) cases from one hospital. To exclude diagnostic overlaps, GPA and MPA were classified by EMA classification. Their clinical courses were analyzed based on sex, age, ANCA, organ involvements and treatment outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age of GPA and MPA were 64.9 and 72.3 years old respectively. Among GPA, 15 cases (39%) were positive for PR3-ANCA, 17 (45%) cases were positive for MPO-ANCA, and 6 cases (16%) were ANCA negative. All MPA were MPO-ANCA positive. The mean ages are 60.4, 69.6, 63.0 and 72.3 years old respectively. The ratios of female are 20%, 82%, 50% and 56%. Compared to PR3-ANCA positive GPA (PR3-GPA), MPO-GPA had more otitis media, less arthritis, lower serum creatinine levels and more neuronal involvement. Compared to MPA, MPO-GPA had significantly more ENT involvements, pulmonary involvements and lower creatinine level. Both GPAs experienced more relapses than MPA. MPA showed significantly poor outcome than GPA (p=0.008). The mortality rates of GPA and MPA were 5% (mean follow-up time 1576 days) and 24.4% (mean follow-up time 778.2 days). MPO-GPA showed significantly fairer outcome than MPA even though their higher age (p=0.013). The univariate analysis selected following factors as predictors of a poor outcome: pulmonary UIP pattern (P=0.001), Cr1.7mg/dl (p=0.005), absence of ENT involvement (p=0.032), higher age (65 years old, p=0.062) and pulmonary hemorrhage (p=0.081). <h3>Conclusions</h3> MPO-GPA is characterized by older female patients with otitis media, neuronal involvement and less renal injuries. Like PR3-GPA, MPO-GPA showed fairer treatment outcome but more relapse than MPA. Because of their higher age and fairer outcome, we need to manage MPO-GPA differently from PR3-GPA and MPA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1283
Maryland's Global Hospital Budgets — Preliminary Results from an All-Payer Model
Authors: Ankit Patel, Rahul Rajkumar, John M. Colmers, Donna Kinzer, Patrick H. Conway, Joshua M. Sharfstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

In the first year of Maryland's experiment in setting all-payer rates for hospital services, costs were contained and the quality of care improved, though the state still has high rates of hospital admissions and per capita spending for Medicare patients.
Abstract P2-08-02: The large scale structure of the HER-2/neu amplicon in breast cancer
Authors: G Pauletti, L Anderson, H-M Rong, J Yu, DJ Slamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Classical models of gene amplification envision chromosomally localized focal amplicons encompassing the immediate contiguous chromosomal regions flanking the driver gene. We present evidence that this is not the case for the HER2/neu amplicon in human breast cancer. Using a large panel of HER-2/neu positive cell lines, we observed that the HER-2/neu amplicon is made up of DNA segments mapping at different positions along chromosome 17. Sub-regions were subsequently re-amplified with the creation of condensed array of shorter amplicons. In addition, we show involvement of other chromosomes. The massive inter and intra-chromosomal reshuffling associated with amplified HER-2/neu containing sequences not only shed new light on the mechanism of gene amplification in human cancer but also have significant clinical implications for developing new targeted therapies and for combating drug resistance in this important subtype of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-02.
SAT0240 Productivity Loss Due to Sick Leave in Patients with Ankylosingx Spondylitis
Authors: N. Akkoc, H. Direskeneli, H. Erdem, A. Gül, Y. Kabasakal, S. Kiraz, B. Durguner, V. Hamuryudan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The musculoskeletal symptoms as well as extra-articular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) decrease quality of life and result in significant productivity loss which significantly contributes to indirect costs of AS. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the impact of AS on sick leave and estimate the productivity loss due to the absenteeism in AS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with a diagnosis of AS who attended rheumatology outpatient clinics in seven tertiary-care hospitals were evaluated for demographics, disease characteristics, treatment regimens, patient global disease activity (GDA), pain VAS, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease metrology index (BASMI) and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D), Data on total days of sick leave in the last three months were used for the estimation of one-year absenteeism. Additionally, the relationships between the sick leave and Pain VAS and BASFI scores were evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 650 AS patients were analyzed. of whom 55% were employed. 59% of the employed patients had reported taking sick leave for a mean period of 17 days per year due to AS, resulting in an annual average cost of 荤412. Patients who reported sick leave due to AS had higher scores of Pain VAS (p=0.0087) and BASDAI (p&lt;0.0001) but lower scores of EQ-5D (p=0.0309) compared to those who did not report sick leave. No differences were observed between the two groups in respect with other indices such as the GDA, BASFI and BASMI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased pain and disease activity lead to a decrease quality of life which are all associated with sick leave in AS patients. Annual productivity loss due to sick leave in Turkey is 荤412 per patient. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was sponsored by Pfizer Turkey <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> N. Akkoc: None Declared, H. Direskeneli: None Declared, H. Erdem: None Declared, A. Gül: None Declared, Y. Kabasakal: None Declared, S. Kiraz: None Declared, B. Durguner Employee of: Pfizer, V. Hamuryudan: None Declared
Abstract LB-433: A new method of colorectal cancer screening using microRNA expression profiles of colonocytes isolated from feces
Authors: Yoshikatsu Koga, Masahiro Yasunaga, Amane Takahashi, Junichiro Kuroda, Hideo Baba, Yasuhiro Matsumura
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background and Aims: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) is desirable because this cancer can be cured surgically if it is diagnosed at an early stage. To reduce the mortality rate of CRC, the development of a screening test by which the cancer can be diagnosed early is needed. To date, we have reported several CRC screening methods using colonocytes isolated from feces. Recently, expression analysis of oncogenic microRNA (miRNA) in serum was reported for CRC detection. Here, we conducted miRNA expression analysis in exfoliated colonocytes isolated from feces for CRC screening. Methods: First, oncogenic miRNA expression profiles were analyzed in CRC tissue and normal tissue. Next, 206 patients with CRC and 134 healthy volunteers were enrolled in the study, and oncogenic miRNA expression in colonocytes isolated from feces was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Results: In the CRC tissue, oncogenic miRNA expression was significantly higher than in normal tissue. There was sufficient miRNA to analyze the exfoliated colonocytes of 197 CRC patients and 119 healthy volunteers. The overall sensitivity of miRNA expression analysis was 74.1% (146/197, 95% CI; 67.4-80.1) and the specificity was 79.0% (94/119, 95% CI; 70.6-85.9). The sensitivity was significantly higher for cancers in the left side of the colon (P= 0.0001). Conclusions: miRNA was well conserved in exfoliated colonocytes. miRNA expression analysis of colonocytes isolated from feces may be useful for CRC screening. Further investigation of oncogenic miRNA highly expressed in CRC is needed for future CRC screening test. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-433.
Where specialist diabetes teams can be found
Authors: R. Quinton
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Contrary to the recent news story,1 NHS hospitals do have specialist diabetes teams, comprising consultants, specialty registrars, and nurse specialists. However, inpatient diabetes typically represents only a small part of their overall workload.

NHS trusts tend to use specialty registrars in diabetes and endocrinology on acute medicine rotas, disproportionately compared with peers in other medical specialties. Moreover, time available …
CORRECTION OF VARIATIONS IN DOSE CALIBRATOR INDICATIONS OF I-123 ACTIVITY DUE TO CONTAINER ABSORPTION OF X-RAYS.
Authors: C. C. Harris, R. J. Jaszczak, K. L. Greer, W. H. Briner, R. E. Coleman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Harris, C. C.; Jaszczak, R. J.; Greer, K. L.; Briner, W. H.; Coleman, R. E. Author Information
A Shocking Development
Authors: Joshua E. Levenson, Daniel R. Kaul, Sanjay Saint, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Hitinder S. Gurm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 20-year-old female college student presented in the winter with a 2-week history of fatigue, cough, sinus congestion, and rhinorrhea, followed by 2 days of vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.
Dual Isotope SPECT in Malignant Jacod's Syndrome
Authors: MITSUTAKA FUKUMOTO, NOBUAKI TSUBOI, NAOKO YOSHIMURA, ATSUSHI KUROHARA, DAISUKE YOSHIDA, TAISUKE INOMATA, SHOJI YOSHIDA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A case is presented of metastatic tumor causing Jacod's syndrome: total ophthalmoplegia, blindness, and trigeminal neuralgia. Abnormal soft tissue invading the orbital apex, anterior clinoid process, and cavernous sinus was difficult to assess by CT and MRI, but dual-isotope SPECT including Tc-99m HMDP bone imaging and Tl-201 tumor imaging strongly suggested that the cause of this rare syndrome was a small metastatic tumor. Although the therapeutic effect was also difficult to assess by anatomic imaging alone, dual-isotope SPECT after radiation therapy showed a decline of tumor viability.
How to translate clinical trial results into gain in healthy life expectancy for individual patients
Authors: Jannick A N Dorresteijn, Lotte Kaasenbrood, Nancy R Cook, Rob C M van Kruijsdijk, Yolanda van der Graaf, Frank L J Visseren, Paul M Ridker
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Treatment effects from randomised trials are typically expressed as numbers needed to treat to prevent one adverse disease event during a fixed time interval (eg, five or 10 years). In the actual patient, however, many diseases are chronically progressive, despite treatment. Examples are diabetic nephropathy, some types of malignancies, osteoporosis, and atherosclerosis. In these examples, the aim of treatment is not to prevent but to delay the occurrence of symptomatic disease. Thus the actual effect of treatment is gain in disease-free life expectancy
Report on the Abductor and Adductor Fibres of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
Authors: J. S. R. Russell
Journal: BMJ (1892)

Patients with epilepsy whose seizures are controlled by antiepileptic medication may wish to discontinue their treatment because they think it is no longer necessary, or they wish to avoid unwanted effects. We have previously discussed stopping antiepileptic treatment in children.1 Here, we discuss whether, when and how to stop antiepileptic drugs in adults.