tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synovial Hemangioma of Hoffa Fat Pad Demonstrated by RBC SPECT/CT
Authors: Woo Hyoung Kim, Myoung Hyoun Kim, Chang Guhn Kim, Dae-Weung Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Synovial hemangioma of Hoffa fat pad is an extremely rare disease, which occurs in the knee joints. Because synovial hemangioma often shows nonspecific symptoms, such as pain, swelling, limping, or limitation of motion, diagnosis could be delayed in many cases. We present a 7-year-old boy referred to our department for Tc red blood cell (RBC) scan for the confirmation of hemangioma suggested by the MRI. RBC scan demonstrated intense radioactivity accumulation in Hoffa pad of right knee joint, and subsequent excision biopsy revealed the mass as venous hemangioma.
Abstract 197: Multi-cellular tumor spheroids <i>in vitro</i> model reveals a critical role of ERBB4 in survival of osteosarcoma
Authors: Yingqi Hua, Yanwen Yang, Dennis Hughes
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Multi-cellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) model is an in vitro model holding an intermediate complexity between monolayer culture and solid tumor. It is cell-cell adhesion dependent and closely resembles avascular tumor regions and micrometastasis in pro-angiogenesis stage. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common malignant bone tumor with high incidence of early lung metastasis; therefore, multi-cellular tumor spheroid can be used to model its in vivo behaviors. Our group previously reported the expression profile of ERBB family in osteosarcoma tissue samples and cell lines. To further study ERBB pathways in osteosarcoma tumor spheroids, we generated OS tumor spheroids by plating cells on non-adherent poly-HEMA pre-coated dishes. Under anchorage-independent conditions, OS cells spontaneously generate multi-cellular spheroids to acquired anoikis resistant by cell-cell adhesion; blocking the formation of spheroids will result rapid cell death and increased PARP cleavage. MCTSs showed lower proliferation rate than monolayer culture, and they held a chemo-resistant phenotype, as shown by proliferation assay and subdiploid DNA content. Surprisingly, ERBB4 expression was up-regulated in non-adherent tumor spheroids compared with monolayer culture (1.2, 2.9, 6.3 fold respectively in 3 cell lines) while EGFR and ERBB2 did not. With knockdown of ERBB4 expression by shRNA, OS cells became less tolerant to anoikis and serum starvation, as shown by PARP cleavage and subdiploid DNA content. Moreover, knockdown of ERBB4 increased the chemo-sensitivity of OS cells against multiple chemotherapy including cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methotrexate (71%, 71%, 60% in survival compared to scramble control). In conclusion, our data showed that ERBB4 contributes to the tumorigenicity of osteosarcoma and plays a protective role against multiple exogenous apoptotic stimuli including matrix detachment, nutrition insufficiency and cytotoxic reagents. Although wildly expressed in osteosarcoma, the role of ERBB4 in tumor biology is largely unknown. These findings indicate that ERBB4 is a key factor regulating survival pathway of OS under various cellular stress condition. Thus, in primary osteosarcoma and metastatic lesion, ERBB4 might be a potential therapeutic target to facilitate multi-modal therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 197. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-197
Inhibition of Activin Signaling Slows Progression of Polycystic Kidney Disease
Authors: Wouter N. Leonhard, Steven J. Kunnen, Anna J. Plugge, Arja Pasternack, Sebastian B.T. Jianu, Kimberley Veraar, Fatiha el Bouazzaoui, Willem M.H. Hoogaars, Peter ten Dijke, Martijn H. Breuning, Emile De Heer, Olli Ritvos, Dorien J.M. Peters
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), characterized by the formation of numerous kidney cysts, is caused by PKD1 or PKD2 mutations and affects 0.1% of the population. Although recent clinical studies indicate that reduction of cAMP levels slows progression of PKD, this finding has not led to an established safe and effective therapy for patients, indicating the need to find new therapeutic targets. The role of TGF- β in PKD is not clearly understood, but nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated SMAD2/3 in cyst-lining cells suggests the involvement of TGF- β signaling in this disease. In this study, we ablated the TGF- β type 1 receptor (also termed activin receptor–like kinase 5) in renal epithelial cells of PKD mice, which had little to no effect on the expression of SMAD2/3 target genes or the progression of PKD. Therefore, we investigated whether alternative TGF- β superfamily ligands account for SMAD2/3 activation in cystic epithelial cells. Activins are members of the TGF- β superfamily and drive SMAD2/3 phosphorylation via activin receptors, but activins have not been studied in the context of PKD. Mice with PKD had increased expression of activin ligands, even at early stages of disease. In addition, treatment with a soluble activin receptor IIB fusion (sActRIIB-Fc) protein, which acts as a soluble trap to sequester activin ligands, effectively inhibited cyst formation in three distinct mouse models of PKD. These data point to activin signaling as a key pathway in PKD and a promising target for therapy.
Differentiation of Synchronous Tumors Using FDG Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Mark D Wilkinson, Michael J Fulham, Brian C McCaughan, Chris J Constable
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

WILKINSON, MARK D. M.B.CH.B.,*; FULHAM, MICHAEL J. F.R.A.C.P.*‡; MCCAUGHAN, BRIAN C. F.R.A.C.S.†; CONSTABLE, CHRIS J. B.APP.SC.* Author Information
Impairment of Drug Metabolism in Man by Allopurinol and Nortriptyline
Authors: Elliot S. Vesell, G. Thomas Passananti, Frank E. Greene
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Normal medical students received either allopurinol or nortriptyline. To quantitate changes in rates of drug metabolism produced by allopurinol or nortriptyline administration, the plasma half-lives of antipyrine or bishydroxycoumarin were determined both before and 24 hours after the last dose of allopurinol or nortriptyline. Allopurinol and nortriptyline each markedly prolonged the plasma half-lives of antipyrine and bishydroxycoumarin; large individual variations in prolongation times were observed. In rats, allopurinol and nortriptyline each reduced the activity of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes and slightly lowered the level of cytochrome P-450. These results in rats support the interpretation that in man prolongation of antipyrine and bishydroxycoumarin half-lives after allopurinol or nortriptyline pretreatment is produced by reduced rates of drug biotransformation in liver microsomes. Lowering of the usual dose and close monitoring of blood levels of drugs given simultaneously with allopurinol or nortriptyline are recommended to avoid the potential danger of drug accumulation due to slowed metabolism.
TCT-254 Epicardial fat volume and coronary plaque characteristics
Authors: kennosuke yamashita, Masahiko Ochiai, Seitarou Ebara, Toshitaka Okabe, Myong-Hwa Yamamoto, Koichi Hoshimoto, Shigeo Saito, Tadayuki Yakushiji, Naoei Isomura, Hiroshi Araki, Chiaki Obara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
SP0212 Hypoxia, Fibroblasts and Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: O. Distler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by autoimmunity, small vessel pathology and tissue fibrosis. Several studies have shown decreased oxygen levels in the skin of patients with SSc. This is caused by a reduced capillary density which together with the proliferative vasculopathy of small arteries and possibly large vessel pathology leads to decreased blood flow and impaired tissue oxygenation. Oxygen supply is further reduced by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), which increases diffusion distances from blood vessels to cells. Recent years have shown that hypoxia is not an innocent bystander, but contributes independently to the pathophysiology of SSc. For example, hypoxia stimulates the production of ECM proteins in a transforming growth factor-beta-dependent manner. There are inconsistent results in how far hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha-dependent pathways contribute to fibroblast-mediated ECM accumulation. Hypoxia may also perpetuate the microvasculopathy characteristic for SSc by interfering with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor signalling. Hypoxia is a well characterized inducer of VEGF and may cause chronic VEGF over-expression in SSc. Uncontrolled over-expression of VEGF has been shown to have negative rather than stimulatory effects on angiogenesis leading to the formation of chaotic, sac-like capillaries with decreased blood flow. While attacks from Raynaud9s phenomenon are probably too short to induce HIF-1 alpha dependent pathways, they can contribute to the SSc pathogenesis by inducing ischemia-reperfusion events with increased oxidative stress. Taken together, hypoxia might play a central role in pathogenesis of SSc by augmenting microvascular disease and tissue fibrosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6345
FACTORES PREDICTIVOS DE FRACASO EN EL TRATAMIENTO ENDOSCÓPICO DE LESIONES COLORRECTALES DE GRAN TAMAÑO MEDIANTE TÉCNICAS DE RESECCIÓN ENDOSCÓPICA MUCOSA
Authors: D Martinez, B Romero, A Martínez, S Vázquez, A Alonso, I Martín, I Pérez, P Iglesias, C Núñez, JI Rodríguez
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La resección endoscópica de las lesiones colorrectales grandes, apoyada en un correcto diagnóstico endoscópico es como una técnica segura y eficaz.
Abstract 90: A comprehensive analysis to screen for epigenetically silenced miRNA genes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hiromu Suzuki, Eiichiro Yamamoto, Masanori Nojima, Takashi Shimizu, Takashi Tokino, Yasuhisa Shinomura, Minoru Toyota
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epigenetic alteration plays an important role in inactivating microRNA (miRNA) genes in cancer. In the present study, we performed comprehensive analysis of miRNA expression, histone modification and DNA methylation in order to determine the transcription start sites (TSSs) of miRNA genes as well as to identify epigenetically silenced miRNA genes in colorectal cancer (CRC). We used a CRC cell line HCT116 treated with our without 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (DAC) plus 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA). We also used a HCT116 cells in which DNMT1 and DNMT3B are genetically disrupted (DNMTs KO). For miRNA expression profiling, we used Human miRNA Microarray v1 (Agilent Technologies) and TaqMan MicroRNA Array v2.0 (Applied Biosystems). We carried out chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) using antibodies against trimethyl-histone H3K4 (H3K4me3), trimethyl-histone H3K27 (H3K27me3) or dimethyl-histone H3K79 (H3K79me2). We performed ChIP-on-chip analysis using Human Promoter ChIP-on-chip microarray (Agilent Technologies) and ChIP-seq analysis using SOLiD3plus (Applied Biosystems). DNA methylation was analyzed using methylated-specific PCR (MSP), bisulfite-pyrosequencing and methylated-CpG island amplification microarray (MCAM). miRNA microarray analysis revealed that 187 miRNAs were downregulated in HCT116 cells compared to normal colon, and more than half of the downregulated miRNAs were upregulated by demethylating treatment. By combining miRNA expression and H3K4me3 analysis, we identified presumed TSSs of 173 primary miRNA genes which encode 266 pre-miRNAs. Of the 266 pre-genes, TSSs of 114 genes are located in the proximal upstream (&amp;lt; 5 kb) of pre-miRNA-coding regions, and TSSs of 213 genes are associated with CpG islands (CGIs). Comparison between HCT116 and DNMTs KO cells suggested that 39 primary genes which encode 87 pre-miRNAs are epigenetically silenced in HCT116. Of the 38 genes, TSSs of 24 genes are associated with CGIs, and we observed hypermethylation in all of them. We conclude that the combined analysis of expression, histone modification and DNA methylation is a useful strategy to identify epigenetically silenced miRNA genes in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 90. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-90
The Efficacy of Endoscopic Sphincterotomy after Cholecystectomy in Patients with Sphincter-of-Oddi Dysfunction
Authors: Joseph E. Geenen, Walter J. Hogan, Wylie J. Dodds, James Toouli, Rama P. Venu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Forty-seven patients thought to have dysfunction of the sphincter of Oddi were randomly assigned to undergo endoscopic sphincterotomy or sham sphincterotomy in a prospective double-blind study. All the patients had pain resembling biliary pain, had previously undergone a cholecystectomy, and had clinical characteristics suggesting biliary obstruction. The patients were randomly assigned to the treatment (n = 23) or nontreatment (n = 24) group before manometric examination of the sphincter of Oddi was performed. Sphincterotomy resulted in improvement in pain scores at one-year follow-up in 10 of 11 patients with elevated sphincter pressure. In contrast, there was improvement in only 3 of 12 patients with elevated basal sphincter pressures who underwent the sham procedure. In patients with normal sphincter pressure, pain scores were similar regardless of treatment. After one year, sphincterotomy was performed in 12 symptomatic patients who had undergone the sham procedure — 7 with elevated sphincter pressures and 5 with normal sphincter pressures. Forty patients were followed for four years. Of the 23 patients with increased sphincter pressure, 10 of the original 11 who underwent sphincterotomy remained virtually free of pain; 7 others who subsequently underwent sphincterotomy also benefited from it. Thus, 17 of 18 patients with sphincter-of-Oddi dysfunction verified by manometry benefited from sphincterotomy. In patients with normal sphincter pressure, sphincterotomy was no more beneficial than sham therapy. Our observations suggest that endoscopic sphincterotomy offers long-term relief of pain in a group of patients with verified sphincter-of-Oddi dysfunction. (N Engl J Med 1989;320:82–7.)
Reye's Syndrome in the United States from 1981 through 1997
Authors: Ermias D. Belay, Joseph S. Bresee, Robert C. Holman, Ali S. Khan, Abtin Shahriari, Lawrence B. Schonberger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Reye's syndrome is characterized by encephalopathy and fatty degeneration of the liver, usually after influenza or varicella. Beginning in 1980, warnings were issued about the use of salicylates in children with those viral infections because of the risk of Reye's syndrome.To describe the pattern of Reye's syndrome in the United States, characteristics of the patients, and risk factors for poor outcomes, we analyzed national surveillance data collected from December 1980 through November 1997. The surveillance system is based on voluntary reporting with the use of a standard case-report form.From December 1980 through November 1997 (surveillance years 1981 through 1997), 1207 cases of Reye's syndrome were reported in patients less than 18 years of age. Among those for whom data on race and sex were available, 93 percent were white and 52 percent were girls. The number of reported cases of Reye's syndrome declined sharply after the association of Reye's syndrome with aspirin was reported. After a peak of 555 cases in children reported in 1980, there have been no more than 36 cases per year since 1987. Antecedent illnesses were reported in 93 percent of the children, and detectable blood salicylate levels in 82 percent. The overall case fatality rate was 31 percent. The case fatality rate was highest in children under five years of age (relative risk, 1.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 2.1) and in those with a serum ammonia level above 45 microg per deciliter (26 micromol per liter) (relative risk, 3.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.9 to 6.2).Since 1980, when the association between Reye's syndrome and the use of aspirin during varicella or influenza-like illness was first reported, there has been a sharp decline in the number of infants and children reported to have Reye's syndrome. Because Reye's syndrome is now very rare, any infant or child suspected of having this disorder should undergo extensive investigation to rule out the treatable inborn metabolic disorders that can mimic Reye's syndrome.
Abstract 155: A comparison of DNA methylation in identical twins discordant for Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Wendy Cozen, Jun Wang, Kim Siegmund, Timothy Triche, Daniel Weisenberger, David Van Den Berg, Ann Hamilton, Amie Hwang, Thomas M. Mack
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract DNA methylation is an epigenetic change that may affect gene expression. Environmental determinants are largely unknown but strongly suspected. Because twins are matched on genome and to some extent, early life exposures, a comparison of DNA methylation between twins is of more interest than one between unrelated individuals. To evaluate the possibility of an association between DNA methylation and young adult Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), DNA samples from blood or saliva were collected from both members of 25 identical twin pairs in whom one twin had developed HL prior to age 50 (discordant pairs). The median time since diagnosis was 16 years. DNA methylation status at 27,578 loci in 14,475 genes was measured in each sample using the Illumina Infinium methylation assay. We measured any difference (&amp;lt; or &amp;gt; 0) in the level of DNA methylation at each locus between the case and the unaffected co-twin and applied a paired t-test. The overall pattern indicated that cases had higher levels of DNA methylation at loci with lower average DNA methylation levels, but the reverse was true at loci with higher overall levels of DNA methylation (e.g., here the cases had lower levels). With respect to specific loci, the HL case consistently had a higher level of DNA methylation compared to his/her unaffected co-twin at locus cg24693053 in the MFSD7 (major facilitator superfamily domain containing 7) gene in 22/25 pairs; this was also the locus with the most significant p-value (p= 0.0000332). Twenty-two out of 25 cases had a lower level of DNA methylation than their unaffected co-twin at loci cg17385448 in the AGMAT (Agmatine ureohydrolase [agmatinase]) gene (p= 0.0001587) and cg09809672 in the EDARADD (EDAR-associated death domain) gene (p= 0.003775846). Seventeen out of 19 cases with the nodular sclerosis subtype had consistently higher DNA methylation levels at 9 loci and lower levels at 7 loci compared to their unaffected co-twin (binomial test p=0.0007). There was no overall effect on the pattern of methylation by time since diagnosis. We observed suggestive differences in DNA methylation levels in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from young adult HL patients in remission relative to their unaffected identical co-twins. The differences may have resulted from HL disease or treatment, or could have pre-dated the diagnosis. The results are compatible with a role of the cumulative environment on DNA methylation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 155.
Use of the Ella Danis stent in esophageal bleeding due to severe reflux esophagitis
Authors: Marion Gamsjäger, Adrian Heghedus, Heinrich Resch, Gerd Bodlaj
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 79-year-old woman presented with hematemesis. As upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding was suspected, acute gastroduodenoscopy was performed. This showed reflux esophagitis with multiple ulcerations (Los Angeles classification grade D) and oozing hemorrhage (Forrest Ib) in the lower third of the esophagus ([Fig. 1 a]).
MS-05 * UTILIZING A VIRTUAL REALITY SIMULATOR, NEUROTOUCH, TO DETERMINE PROFICIENCY PERFORMANCE BENCHMARKS FOR RESECTION OF SIMULATED BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: G. AlZhrani, F. AlOtaibi, H. Azarnoush, A. Winkler-Schwartz, A. Sabbagh, S. Lajoie, R. Del Maestro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: The assessment of neurosurgical technical skills during the resection of cerebral tumors in operative environments is complex. Virtual-reality simulation, have the potential to play important roles in the training of neurosurgical trainees. The purpose of this study was to develop benchmarks for a newly proposed set of objective measures (metrics) of neurosurgical technical skills during simulated brain tumors resection using a new virtual reality simulator (NeuroTouch). METHODS: 33 participants were recruited for this study including 17 experts (Board Certified neurosurgeons), 9 junior and 7 senior neurosurgery residents). Each participant resected 18 simulated brain tumors of varying complexity utilizing the NeuroTouch platform. Metrics for assessing surgical performance consisted of (a) volume of surrounding simulated ‘normal’ brain tissue removed; (b) maximum force applied; (c) sum of forces utilized during tumor resection; (d) percentage of tumor removed; (e) duration for task completion, (f) instrument path lengths; (g) pedal activation frequency. RESULTS: Results demonstrate that neurosurgeons resected less surrounding simulated brain tissue and less tumor then residents consistent with the concept that ‘experts’ focus predominately on surgical safety. Utilizing the trimmed mean method to analyze expert neurosurgical technical skills performance for each different metric, we established benchmarks for proficiency-based training in neurosurgery. Junior and senior residents continually modify their psychomotor performance and that the transition between R4 to R5 training years may be particularly important in acquiring the cognitive input necessary to emphasize patient safety during the resection of brain tumors. CONCLUSION: The safety, quality and efficiency of psychomotor performance of expert and novice operators can be measured using novel metrics derived from the NeuroTouch platform and provides proficiency performance benchmarks for the resection of the simulated brain tumors assessed in this study.