tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 504: Metformin potently inhibits cell proliferation, adhesion and invasion in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Anuj Suri, Kevin Schuler, Chunxiao Zhou, Kim Malloy, Hallum Dickens, Tara Steplowski, Gene Huh, Paola A. Gehrig, Victoria Bae-Jump
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract ABSTRACT Objectives: Metformin is an anti-diabetic drug that has been shown to have anti-tumorgenic effects by behaving as a novel mTOR inhibitor. Metformin has been shown to suppress cancer cell growth, but little is known of its potential to halt metastatic spread. Thus, our goal was to assess the effect of metformin on proliferation, adhesion and invasion in ovarian cancer cell lines. Methods: Four ovarian cancer cell lines, SKOV3, CAOV3, OVCAR3 and IGROV1 were used. Cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay after exposure to metformin. Cell cycle progression was evaluated by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was assessed by Annexin V-FITC assay. hTERT expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR. Western immunoblotting was performed to determine the expression of the downstream targets of metformin, including AMPK and the ribosomal protein S6. Inhibition of adhesion and invasion by metformin was assessed by in vitro adhesion assay and ChemoTx® invasion assay. Results: Metformin potently inhibited growth in a dose-dependent manner in all four ovarian cancer cell lines (IC50 of 0.1-1 mM) (p=0.00001-0.0121). Treatment with metformin resulted in G1 arrest, induction of apoptosis and decreased hTERT expression. Western immunoblot analysis demonstrated that metformin induced phosphorylation of AMPK, its immediate downstream mediator, and decreased phosphorylation of the S6 protein, a key target of the mTOR pathway, within 24 hours of exposure. Metformin inhibited cellular adhesion in the ovarian cancer cell lines by 10-23% at 1 mM (p=0.04-0.00001) and 25-35% at 10 mM (p=0.05-0.00001). In addition, metformin decreased invasion by 7-21% at 1 mM (p=0.03-0.0009) and 29-42% at 10 mM (p=0.03-0.0012). Conclusions: We report that metformin is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation and exhibits anti-metastatic effects in ovarian cancer cells. Thus, metformin may have potential as a targeted chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of ovarian cancer. More work is needed to determine if metformin will be universally beneficial in all ovarian cancer patients versus selectively efficacious in a subset of ovarian cancer patients, such as those women who are obese and/or diabetic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 504. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-504
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for the diagnosis of retroperitoneal schwannoma
Authors: S. Hijioka, A. Sawaki, N. Mizuno, K. Hara, M. Mekky, V. Bhatia, W. Hosoda, Y. Yatabe, Y. Shimizu, K. Tamada, Y. Niwa, K. Yamao
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Schwannoma is a rare peripheral nerve sheath tumor that is difficult to diagnose by imaging features alone. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with specific immunohistochemical (IHC) staining may be the only tool to obtain a diagnostic sample from such lesions. There are only a few case reports describing EUS-FNA diagnosis of retroperitoneal Schwannoma [1] [2]. In this report, we describe four cases (three males; mean age: 54.5 ± 16.4 years) with retroperitoneal Schwannoma, in whom the diagnosis was achieved with EUS-FNA and adjunctive IHC staining.
Multi-staged repair of contaminated primary and recurrent giant incisional herniae in the same hospital admission: A proposal for a new approach
Authors: Khurram Siddique, Ashish Shrestha, Sanjoy Basu
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2013)

Repair of primary and recurrent giant incisional herniae is extremely challenging and more so in the face of surgical field contamination. Literature supports the single- and multi-staged approaches including the use of biological meshes for these difficult patients with their associated benefits and limitations. This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective study of five patients who were successfully treated through a multi-staged approach but in the same hospital admission, not previously described, for the repair of contaminated primary and recurrent giant incisional herniae in a district general hospital between 2009 and 2012. Patient demographics including their BMI and ASA, previous and current operative history including complications and follow-up were collected in a secure database. The first stage involved the eradication of contamination, and the second stage was the definitive hernia repair with the new generation-coated synthetic meshes. Of the five patients, three were men and two women with a mean age of 58 (45–74) years. Two patients had grade 4 while the remaining had grade 3 hernia as per the hernia grading system with a mean BMI of 35 (30–46). All patients required extensive adhesiolysis, bowel resection and anastomoses and wash out. Hernial defect was measured as 204* (105–440) cm2, size of mesh implant was 568* (375–930) cm2 and the total duration of operation (1st + 2nd Stage) was 354*  (270–540) min. Duration of hospital stay was 11* (7–19) days with a follow-up of 17* (6–36) months. We believe that our multi-staged approach in the same hospital admission (for the repair of contaminated primary and recurrent giant incisional herniae), excludes the disadvantages of a true multi-staged approach and simultaneously minimises the risks and complications associated with a single-staged repair, can be adopted for these challenging patients for a successful outcome (* indicates mean).
PWE-173 Peripheral And Central Effects Of A Single Dose Of The Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Exenatide
Authors: L Wasse, T Little, T Coulson, C Bryant, S McKie, J McLaughlin
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Administration of the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) exenatide reduces food intake and induces weight loss. GLP-1 receptors are located throughout the body including the brain and vagal afferent neurones. Although exenatide slows gastric emptying (GE), it is believed the main mechanism behind exenatide-induced weight loss may be related to activation of central pathways that mediate satiety. However, research in humans is lacking. Brain activation can be indirectly measured by quantifying changes in the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal measured during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). <h3>Methods</h3> To confirm a gastric inhibitory effect of exenatide, 12 healthy volunteers received a subcutaneous injection of 5 µg exenatide or placebo on separate occasions 60min prior to consumption of a 0.5 M carbohydrate test drink (500 mL). Over 45 min GE was non-invasively measured using breath tests. Then, to examine brain activation using fMRI, 15 healthy volunteers received 5 µg exenatide or placebo after ~10 h fast and underwent 70 min scanning (3T Philips scanner). Wholebrain analysis was conducted (data for the hypothalamus only are reported). For each volunteer the difference in mean%BOLD signal change from baseline between exenatide and placebo was extracted and analysed in 5min blocks using T-tests. Two volunteers were excluded due to excessive movement during scans. <h3>Results</h3> Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that exenatide significantly slowed GE of the test drink with the area under the curve for exenatide being 31% lower than placebo (p &lt; 0.005). fMRI analysis revealed bilateral increases in BOLD signal in the lower hypothalamus (p &lt; 0.05), and a trend for increased BOLD (p &lt; 0.075) in the right upper hypothalamus 45 min after exenatide. Conversely, BOLD signal was decreased in the left upper hypothalamus 40min after exenatide (p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our data confirms that a single dose of exenatide potently delays GE. Furthermore, most regions of the hypothalamus, a key appetite regulatory brain area, were progressively activated 45 min after exenatide administration. Those volunteers were fasted which suggests that the anorectic effects of exenatide in humans could be mediated via activation of central GLP-1 receptors, either directly or via vagal inputs. Further analysis will now be conducted to examine the effect of exenatide on areas in the brain associated with food reward such as the insula and orbitofrontal cortex. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Intrauterine foreign body presenting as a rectal bezoar and causing chronic diarrhea
Authors: Jayant Ghosh, Sundeep Goyal, Sangey Lamtha, Pankaj Kaushik, Manish Tripathi, Sunit Shukla, Vinod Dixit, A. Jain
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 32-year-old woman presented to us with a 7-month history of chronic low grade lower abdominal pain and diarrhea of large-bowel type, which had begun after the delivery of her baby by Caesarean section. She had been treated with antibiotics, probiotics, and anticholinergic drugs. A colonoscopy was performed, which showed what appeared to be a large bandage that was completely embedded in the rectal mucosa and could not be removed with foreign-body removal forceps ([Fig. 1]). An ultrasound was performed, which revealed that anteriorly the bandage was embedded in the uterine wall and posteriorly it was eroding the rectal wall ([Fig. 2]).
SAT0068 Influence of Glucocorticoids on Trabecular Bone Score in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: V. Povoroznyuk, T. Karasevska, B. Aubry-Rozier, R. Povoroznyuk, N. Dzerovych, D. Hans
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Bone disorders are the main extra-articular complications of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients with RA have a greater risk of osteoporosis and fracture than the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease and a frequent cause of secondary osteoporosis induced by the chronic inflammatory condition and a long-term glucocorticoid therapy (GC). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of GC on the trabecular bone score (TBS), bone mineral density (BMD) and TBS dynamics during one year in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> 134 examined women with RA (age 52.5±12.8 years; height 162.6±6.4 cm, weight 68.2±13.7 kg, duration of disease 9.1±7.5 years, duration of postmenopausal period 7.6±7.2 years) were divided into three groups: first group, G1, includes 37 patients who did not use GC, second group, G2 – 50 patients who used GC in a dose of more than 5 mg of prednisolone for more than 3 years, third one, G3 – 47 patients who took GC only at the exacerbated stage for less than 6 month. All the patients had been taking methotrexate as a basic treatment. BMD of total body, PA lumbar spine, proximal femur and forearm were measured using the DXA method (Prodigy, GEHC Lunar, Madison, WI, USA) and PA spine TBS was assessed by means of TBS iNsight® software package installed on our DXA machine (Med-Imaps, Pessac, France). Evaluation of TBS dynamics in the patients of G1 &amp; G2 groups during the year was conducted on the background of ongoing therapy which included doses of GC (for the patients of second group) and/or without any osteotropic treatment. <h3>Results</h3> The 3 groups did not differ as to age, basic anthropometric parameters, duration of disease and duration of postmenopausal period in these groups. TBS in G2 was significantly lower compared to G1 (TBSL1-L4: 1.147±0.168 vs 1.250±0.135; t=-3.07; p=0.003), and G3 compared to G1 (TBS L1-L4: 1.274±0.138; t=3.95; p=0.0002). However, there were no differences of BMD of PA spine and hip among groups. Only forearm BMD in the second group was significantly lower compared to the first one (0.583±0.176 g/cm<sup>2</sup> vs 0.675±0.229 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; t=-2.18; p=0.032). Spine TBS decreased by 1.4% after one year for G1 and by 5.8% for G2. <h3>Conclusions</h3> For patients who are GC-users, TBS, but not BMD, reflects bone microarchitecture deterioration which is an indicator for those patients to of a higher vertebrae and non-vertebral risk of fracture. TBS is a determinant of bone state and must be monitored during the long-term treatment with GC. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5509
Validation of IAEA Software Package for the Analysis of Scintigraphic Renal Dynamic Studies
Authors: Slobodanka Lj Beatovic, Dragana P Sobic-Saranovic, Emilija D Jaksic, Milica M Jankovic, Jelena Marinkovic, Vladimir B Obradovic
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The objectives of the study were to use the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) software package for the analysis of scintigraphic renal dynamic studies to obtain values of curve parameters and excretory parameters in children with hydronephrosis and to validate the reliability of these numerical outputs by comparing with values established by consensus reports.Fifty children with hydronephrosis (median age, 16 months; 30 boys, 20 girls; 99 kidneys) underwent Tc-MAG3 diuresis renography. Studies were analyzed by 2 observers, and according to the assessment of images, renograms, and differential function, kidneys were classified as normal (42, kidneys contralateral to hydronephrotic kidney), hypotonic unobstructed (49), and obstructed (8). The IAEA software was applied to each renogram. The parameters analyzed were as follows: normalized residual activity at 20 minutes (NORA 20) and on postmicturition (PM) acquisition, output efficiency at 20 minute (OE 20), PM to maximum renal count ratio (PM/max), and mean transit time (MTT).Mean values for normal, hypotonic unobstructed, and obstructed kidneys were as follows: NORA 20: 0.25, 0.57, and 2.16; OE 20 (%): 94.5, 87, and 57; normalized residual activity on PM acquisition: 0.02, 0.03, and 0.27; PM/max: 0.01, 0.02, and 0.13; and MTT (minutes): 1.9, 3.5, and 8.9, respectively. Difference between obstruction/dilatation and normal/dilatation was significant (P < 0.0001), as well as the correlation between NORA 20/OE 20 (R = -0.982). Cutoff values to predict obstruction were as follows: NORA 20, 1.6; OE 20, 73%; NORA PM, 0.11; PM/max, 0.06; and MTT, 8.23 minutes.The IAEA software package gives reliable values of numerical parameters of renal excretion. The use of the software improves diagnostic accuracy of diuresis renography in children.
Combined biopsy forceps and scissor forceps facilitate cutting the detachable loop entrapped in a large pedunculated polyp
Authors: C.-W. Yang, H.-H. Yen
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 58-year-old man was referred for resection of a pedunculated polyp, which had a head measuring 3.5 × 2.8 cm and a stalk 1.5 cm in diameter, over the sigmoid colon.
AB0427 Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in an algerian cohort of rheumatoid arthritis. Correlation with disease activity and functional status:
Authors: S. Slimani, A. Abbas, A. Ben Ammar, D. Kebaili, E.H. Ali, F. Rahal, S. Abtroun-Benmadi, A. Ladjouze-Rezig
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> There is evidence that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients have an over-risk of cardiovascular disease. This is mainly due to an increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS). The prevalence of MS among adults in Algeria is 17,8%. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS among RA patients in Algeria. Another aim was to evaluate the relationship between MS, inflammation biomarkers and disease scores (DAS28 and HAQ). <h3>Methods</h3> The study was performed on a cohort of 249 patients meeting the ACR/EULAR criteria for RA, followed in 11 Algerian centers. A standard clinical evaluation was performed, along with blood samples taken to measure biochemical and inflammatory parameters. The diagnosis of MS was based on the NCEP/ATP III (MS+ if ≥3/5). Prevalence of MS was calculated, and patients were divided in two groups (MS+ and MS-). Comparison between the 2 groups was performed using a T-test. <h3>Results</h3> Among 249 RA patients, 213 were female and 36 males of a mean age 50,1±14,5 years, disease duration 8,4±7,8 years, DAS28 3,9±4,8, CRP 11±16mg/L, ESR 41±26mm, HAQ 0,81±0,82, rheumatoid factor positive in 78,5% cases, mean BMI 25,3±5,1kg/m<sup>2</sup>. The overall prevalence of MS was 13,9% (CI95: 9,5%&gt;20,1%), it was 14,3% in males and 13,8% in females. There was no correlation between the presence of MS and levels of CRP, DAS28, HAQ scores, morning stiffness, RF, ACPA and presence of erosions. However, The ESR level was significantly higher in MS+ patients than in MS- patients (p=0,036) (see table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this multicenter study, unlike most studies on RA patients, the prevalence of MS was as high in Algerian RA patients (13,9%) as in the Algerian general population (17,8%). ESR levels correlate with the presence of MS and thus go with the conclusions drawn on occidental cohorts. However, CRP and DAS28 levels do not, this may be due to the moderate cohort size and needs to be confirmed. This reinforces the role of inflammation in RA on cardiovascular disease in those patients or the role of metabolic syndrome on systemic inflammation. A further analysis is scheduled at follow-up to determine whether disease control can reverse the clustering of MS in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
S134 Activity monitoring in intensive care unit survivors: Assessing daily physical activity with objective outcome measures
Authors: AS McNelly, J Rawal, P Chan, N Hopkinson, J Moxham, SDR Harridge, N Hart, H Montgomery, Z Puthucheary
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Intensive care unit (ICU) survivors commonly report long-term functional disability and reduced daily physical activity (PA). This adversely impacts on their health-related quality of life (HRQL). We aimed to investigate the relationship between subjective and objective measures of PA in this patient group. <h3>Methods</h3> Subjects were ICU survivors drawn from the 63 participants of the Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Study in Critical Care: Longitudinal Evaluation (MUSCLE) study. All were over 16 years, invasively ventilated for &gt; 48 hours with an ICU length of stay &gt;7days. Objective (SenseWear Pro accelerometers, BodyMedia Inc, Pittsburgh, US) and self-reported subjective PA levels (HRQL SF-36 questionnaire, QualityMetric Inc, Lincoln, US) were measured. <h3>Results</h3> At 18 months 20 pts had died; 17 were lost to follow-up, and 1 withdrew. 27 patients were studied (14 female) with a mean age ± SEM of 56.6 ± 3.6 years and a post-ICU discharge time of 576 ± 190d. SF-36 scores were lower than normal range scores. Age-adjusted (AA) mean steps/day correlated with norm-based physical component summary (PCS) SF-36 scores (Pearson9s r = + 0.58;p &lt; 0.01), but there was no correlation with the mental component summary scores (<i> Fig. 1</i>). AA daily step variation showed positive associations with absolute levels of AA daily steps (r = + 0.85;p &lt; 0.01), SF-36 physical function (PF) scores (r = + 0.62;p &lt; 0.01), and prior working status (r = + 0.69;p &lt; 0.01); and a negative association with chronic disease (r = -0.54;p &lt; 0.01). Levels of AA daily steps contributed more to AA daily step variation than SF scores (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.72, 0.38 respectively). Receiver Operator Characteristic analysis indicated that AA daily steps and PF scores are good (but non-significant) predictors for working post-ICU (0.88, 0.86 respectively; p &gt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the first report on the use of activity monitors in ICU survivors, and indicates that subjective and objective measures of PA are correlated. Such complementary data can be used to investigate functional disability in critical illness survivors. Both methods of assessing PA identified strong associations with health and socio-economic factors. Variation in step count, and specifically lack of variation in step count, may be more attributable to absolute step count than self-reported PF or chronic disease. Objective PA measures may offer advantages for monitoring post-ICU patients compared with subjective methods.
FRI0449 Evaluationg the effect of valsalva maneuver on pain occurring during knee injection: A prospective, randomized study
Authors: A. Abogamal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Intra-articular injection of steroid is a common treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee and injection is a simple and reliable method However many people refuse it because of fear of needle and injection pain. baroreceptor activation induces antinociception and the use of Valsalva maneuver for its activation may decrease local injection pain. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study was the first to evaluate the efficacy of Valsalva maneuver on needle insertion pain during local knee injection. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients were randomized into 2 groups of 50 each. Group I: 50 patients with Knee Osteoarthritis were asked to do valsalva maneuver during injection. The Valsalva maneuver is performed by having the subject conduct a maximal, forced expiration against a closed glottis and holding this for at least 16 seconds. Group II: 50 patients with Knee Osteoarthritis were given a rubber ball in the palm of the hand and were asked to press it as hard as they could before local injection. All patients were subjected to: Complete history and clinical examination. Patient Pain scoring: pain during injection was evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) Physician pain scoring. <h3>Results</h3> The results of Pain score in goup I was: 33 (66%) patients shows mild pain, 15 (30%) patients shows moderate pain and only 2 (4%) patients shows sever pain. In group II: 0% patients shows mild pain, 23 (46%) patients shows moderate pain and 27 (54%) patients shows sever pain. Figure (1) VAS for pain was 3.7+2.1 in group I and 6.5+1.8 in group II. VAS for pain was significantly lower in group I than group II as p was &gt;0.001. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion we suggest that Valsalva maneuver can decrease the skin puncture pain associated with local knee injection which may help the patients to decrease their pain and increase their acceptance to local injection. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0001 Pre-conference outlook session for pare eular delegates
Authors: K.L. Betteridge
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> PARE EULAR delivered the first EULAR Congress orientation session at the beginning of the 2011 EULAR congress in London. Three representatives of the PARE task force were asked to put together a session which would aid people's understanding of what the congress offers and how to move around the congress centre. <h3>Objectives</h3> Members of the PARE task force will provide delegates with information before the Congress begins to allow them to get the best from the EULAR 2012 Congress in Berlin. This will enable people to choose the most appropriate sessions for them to attend, as well as the social activities they might choose to participate in. <h3>Methods</h3> Ursula Faubel, Yoldana Marron Fernandez and Kate Betteridge of the PARE task force will welcome delegates to Berlin and introduce the pre-conference outlook session. Speakers will provide an overview of the congress logistics, provide details of how the congress programme was put together, provide information about the Standing Committee Meeting of PARE, introduce the PARE and joint sessions, and outline the social and networking programme. Delegates will have an opportunity to ask questions throughout the session. <h3>Result</h3> By informing delegates about their options throughout the week, we intend that people feel more confident about choosing the most appropriate sessions to attend, feel more confident about navigating the congress centre and know how they can participate in the social and networking events planned during the congress. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared