tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of Rabies Virus Vaccine As a Neoantigen to Evaluate Humoral Immune Function in Patients with Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders Receiving Immunoglobulin Replacement Therapy
Authors: Suvanee Charoenlap, Pantipa Chatchatee, Teerapong Tantawichien, Piyada Udomchaisakul, Pakamazt Khawplod, Nattiya Hirankarn, Pimpayao Sodsai, Jarungchit Ngamphaiboon, Narissara Suratannon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Abstract P5-08-42: Development and validation of personalized ex vivo platform mimicking patient heterogeneous tumor microenvironment to enable personalized treatment for breast cancer
Authors: PK Majumder, B Majumder, DG Mehrotra, P Radhakrishnan, U Baraneedharan, S Agarwal, S Sengupta, G Babu
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Tumour heterogeneity is emerging as a key driver of drug response. Understanding the heterogeneity is therefore a critical milestone towards the prediction of clinical outcome of anti-cancer drugs. There is a need for technology that can predict treatment outcome with high fidelity by contextually integrating tumor heterogeneity and phenocopying the tumor microenvironment. Tumor grade-matched matrix support, activated immune compartments and autologous ligands from individual patients were used to engineer a novel personalized ex vivo platform named CANScript. We evaluated functional outcomes as a measure of response to a panel of anticancer drugs in this CANScript platform. Histopathological and molecular characterization of the tumor explants cultured in CANScript revealed a close approximation to the parental tumor at baseline as confirmed by tumor cell viability, proliferation, critical phosphoproteomic status, global transcriptomic profiles and balance in active components of tumor and stromal phenotypes (Majumder. B et al Nat. Commun, 2015). Using more than 100 patients clinical outcome of anticancer drugs (training set) we have further built a machine learning algorithm that takes all functional outcome data from the CANScript platform and provides outcome data in a linear scale showing clinical prediction. This algorithm when applied to the test cohort of more than 40 patients with refractory breast cancer assessed in the CANScript achieved more than 90% sensitivity while keeping specificity in a desired high range for predicting short term clinical outcome. The high specificity and sensitivity observed in predicting clinical outcomes using the CANScript support the use of this novel platform to select treatment for patients with breast cancer. Citation Format: Majumder PK, Majumder B, Mehrotra DG, Radhakrishnan P, Baraneedharan U, Agarwal S, Sengupta S, Babu G. Development and validation of personalized ex vivo platform mimicking patient heterogeneous tumor microenvironment to enable personalized treatment for breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-42.
Dissecting Aortic Aneurysm during Pregnancy
Authors: William Mandel, E. Warren Evans, R. L. Walford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

IN 1944 Schnitker et al.1 reported a case in which a dissecting aortic aneurysm developed on the twelfth post-partum day. They collected 23 cases of this complication in association with pregnancy. Since their article 12 similar cases have been recorded.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 In the following case the sudden death during pregnancy was due to a dissecting aortic aneurysm.Case ReportA 20-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital in the 3d month of her 1st pregnancy because of sudden onset of nausea, vomiting and headache of 1 day's duration. The headache was throbbing in type and similar, though more intense, to what . . .
Senate Committee Holds Hearing on Opioid Use Among Seniors
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Nearly 30% of Medicare Part D enrollees used prescription opioids in 2014, a Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services (CMS) official told the Senate Special Committee on Aging at a recent hearing on issues and emerging trends in opioid use among seniors (http://1.usa.gov/1TlXnqe).
Second-Line Drug Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Alastair J.J. Wood, Joseph M. Cash, John H. Klippel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Three major classes of drugs are used in the treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, and drugs that are thought to modify fundamental pathologic processes responsible for the chronic inflammation. The agents in the last group have been classified according to their alleged benefit (as disease-modifying or remission-inducing), their onset or duration of action (slow-acting or long-acting), or their presumed mechanism of action (cytotoxic, immunosuppressive, or antiproliferative). Although they probably have properties in common, from a clinical standpoint each of these categories of drug has some unique effects on the clinical course of rheumatoid arthritis and, . . .
Efficacy of Adjuvant 9-Weeks Trastuzumab in Node-Negative T1A/B Her2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: M.A. Sendur, S. Aksoy, D. Uncu, H. Demir, S. Yuksel, A.S. Ekinci, M.A. Kaplan, B.B. Ustaalioglu, G. Tufan, M. İnanc, N. Ozdemir, M. Artac, D. Taştekin, T. Kacan, A. Oguz, E. Arpaci, D. Yazılıtas, M. Gumus, N. Zengin, M.K. Altundag
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
PO83DESMOPLASTIC NON-INFANTILE GANGLIOGLIOMA - A RARE CASE OF MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION AND A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: N. Smith, B. Thakur, B. Zebian, M. Aizpurua, S. Al-Sarraj, I. Bodi, C. Chandler
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Desmoplastic infantile gangliogliomas (DIG) are rare, supratentorial glioneuronal tumours of infants. They are histologically benign and considered as WHO grade I tumours. When presenting in children over the age of 1, they are termed desmoplastic non-infantile ganglioglioma (DNIG) and are more rare. They are not usually associated with malignant behaviour. We present a rare case of recurrent DNIG with malignant transformation. METHOD: A four year-old girl presented with a four-month history of worsening headaches, aggressive behaviour and left facial droop. MRI revealed a large right parieto-occipital lesion with mass effect. The lesion was subtotally resected. Histology was consistent with desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma, WHO Grade I. Follow up MRIs demonstrated aggressive growth requiring further debulking in 7 months and 10 months. The subsequent biopsies showed similar features; however increasing mitotic activity in the predominant desmin positive astrocytic cells. The proliferation index (Ki67) was focally up to 4% in the first biopsy; increasing to 8% and 12% in the subsequent biopsies. Histology from the third resection was consistent with anaplastic ganglioglioma, WHO Grade III. CONCLUSION: This case of DNIG demonstrated aggressive growth despite multiple operative interventions, and histology strongly suggesting malignant transformation. Histology has shown malignant transformation, which has only been reported in a handful of cases in the literature. This has important implication for the follow up and management of these lesions.
Bacterial Endocarditis Complicating Repair of a Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: Joan V. Kelsch, Norman B. Thomson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

WITH the increasing operability of congenital cardiac defects has come the problem of bacterial endocarditis in the postoperative period. Many possible sources of infection are introduced by surgery, and the emergence of antibiotic-resistant staphylococci has made this endocarditis a fearful complication with a fatality rate approaching 50 per cent.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The onset of the disease is insidious, the time of appearance after surgery variable, and the response to antibiotics often poor.In the case reported below bacterial endocarditis followed repair of a ventricular septal defect. A coagulase-negative, resistant, hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus was repeatedly isolated. Intensive treatment over an eight-month period with . . .
Simultaneous side-by-side self-expanding metal stent placement using a two-channel endoscope for a bilioenteric stricture after Child’s resection
Authors: Kosuke Okuwaki, Hiroshi Yamauchi, Mitsuhiro Kida, Hiroshi Imaizumi, Shiro Miyazawa, Tomohisa Iwai, Wasaburo Koizumi
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Recently, balloon enteroscope-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been attempted to treat malignant choledochojejunal anastomotic stenosis. The development of short-type balloon enteroscopes with large-channel diameter has increased the number of instruments that can be used, allowing complex surgical procedures to be performed [1] [2] [3]. However, bilateral biliary drainage is technically very difficult in patients whose right and left bile ducts have been displaced. Patients' quality of life can be markedly compromised if percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage is also required.
Platelet-rich plasma injection is not more effective than hyaluronic acid to treat knee osteoarthritis when using a random-effects model
Authors: Zhicong Wang, Yuehong Liu, Mozhen Liu
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

In a recent meta-analysis by Laudy et al ,1 the authors used a fixed-effects model when there was significant heterogeneity for Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) knee pain (refer to figure 11 of the article, χ2=17.12, I2=94%, p<0.0001) and WOMAC physical function (refer to figure 13 of the article, χ2=16.40, I2=94%, p<0.0001), and stated that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) reduced pain and improved function more effectively than hyaluronic acid (HA).

Fixed-effects and random-effects models are the most commonly used statistical methods for meta-analysis, and systematic reviewers often need to choose one of the two models. In the presence of small heterogeneity, the fixed-effects model is more appropriate, while it inclines to the random-effects model when heterogeneity is large. Thus, dealing with heterogeneity is one of the most challenging tasks in meta-analysis.

Although I2 statistics are considered good indicators for assessing heterogeneity,2 it has been found that the test has poor …
Abstract 12397: Chronic Diuretics Treatment in Dogs: Novel Diuretic ROMK Inhibitor versus Furosemide
Authors: Maya Dajee, Ester Carballo-Jane, Gregory Doto, Kashmira Shah, Mengwei Hu, Shuzhi Dong, Owens Karen, Ling Xu, Gail Gitzlaff, Sheng Gao, Colette Ahn, Shubing Wang, Christine Adreani, Michael Forrest, Kathleen Sullivan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Long-term use of loop diuretics (LD) in congestive heart failure (CHF) frequently leads to a state of reduced responsiveness, often refered to as a diuretic-resistant (DR) state. Furosemide is a LD with several shortcomings: it is short acting, it displays high pharmacokinetic variability, and it requires intact luminal transport for effective target engagement. We have developed an inhibitor of the Renal Outer-Medullary K+ channel (ROMKi) that has several potential advantages over existing LDs for the treatment of volume overloaded states: it has a longer half-life, it can access its target from both the plasma and urine compartments, and should function to inhibit sodium reabsorption in both the thick ascending loop of Henle and in the distal collecting duct. This study describes the results of chronic treatment of equinatriuretic doses of furosemide versus ROMKi in a dog study. Male beagles were administered furosemide, ROMKi or an inert vehicle for 4 months. Body weight loss (BWL) due to extracellular...
B Lymphocytes in Lepromatous Leprosy
Authors: Kazimiera J. Gajl-Peczalska, Soo Duk Lim, Robert R. Jacobson, Robert A. Good
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract B lymphocytes were quantified in peripheral blood of nine patients with lepromatous leprosy by means of an immunofluorescent technic. In five of seven cases with active lepromatous leprosy the proportions and absolute numbers of B lymphocytes were very high (60 to 85 per cent). Two patients showed normal percentages of B lymphocytes (28.7 ± 6.9); and one of these had recently experienced a reversal reaction toward a tuberculoid form. Two patients with lepromatous leprosy treated effectively with sulfones whose disease was apparently inactive clinically continued to show elevated numbers of B lymphocytes. The high number of B lymphocytes may represent an overcompensation or stimulation of B cells when the T-cell population and its functions are deficient. (N Engl J Med 288:1033–1035, 1973)
Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with Saquinavir, Zidovudine, and Zalcitabine
Authors: Ann C. Collier, Robert W. Coombs, David A. Schoenfeld, Roland L. Bassett, Joseph Timpone, Alice Baruch, Michelle Jones, Karen Facey, Caroline Whitacre, Vincent J. McAuliffe, Harvey M. Friedman, Thomas C. Merigan, Richard C. Reichman, Carol Hooper, Lawrence Corey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

In patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, combined treatment with several agents may increase the effectiveness of antiviral therapy. We studied the safety and efficacy of saquinavir, an HIV-protease inhibitor, given with one or two nucleoside antiretroviral agents, as compared with the safety and efficacy of a combination of two nucleosides alone.
Cerebral Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Carriers of Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Authors: Mark L. Batshaw, Yeai Roan, August L. Jung, Leon A. Rosenberg, Saul W. Brusilow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We tested the hypothesis that female carriers of ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency have cerebral dysfunction as a consequence of episodic hyperammonemia. Seven such carriers were identified by pedigree analysis and protein-tolerance testing. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale was used for evaluation. All IG scores were above 100, but in the protein-tolerant siblings, the full-scale and performance IQ scores were higher by 5.6 and 9.9 points, respectively (P less than 0.02). The absolute difference between the verbal and performance IQ scores was greater in the OTC carriers by 7.8 points (P less than 0.01). This study suggests that clinically asymptomatic carriers of OTC deficiency may have intellectual deficits, perhaps as a result of episodic hyperammonemia.
Gene Transfer of Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Prevents Neurodegeneration Triggered by FXN Deficiency
Authors: Yurika Katsu-Jiménez, Frida Loría, Juan Carlos Corona, Javier Díaz-Nido
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Friedreich's ataxia is a predominantly neurodegenerative disease caused by recessive mutations that produce a deficiency of frataxin (FXN). Here, we have used a herpesviral amplicon vector carrying a gene encoding for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to drive its overexpression in neuronal cells and test for its effect on FXN-deficient neurons both in culture and in the mouse cerebellum in vivo. Gene transfer of BDNF to primary cultures of mouse neurons prevents the apoptosis which is triggered by the knockdown of FXN gene expression. This neuroprotective effect of BDNF is also observed in vivo in a viral vector-based knockdown mouse cerebellar model. The injection of a lentiviral vector carrying a minigene encoding for a FXN-specific short hairpin ribonucleic acid (shRNA) into the mouse cerebellar cortex triggers a FXN deficit which is accompanied by significant apoptosis of granule neurons as well as loss of calbindin in Purkinje cells. These pathological changes are accompanied by a loss of motor coordination of mice as assayed by the rota-rod test. Coinjection of a herpesviral vector encoding for BDNF efficiently prevents both the development of cerebellar neuropathology and the ataxic phenotype. These data demonstrate the potential therapeutic usefulness of neurotrophins like BDNF to protect FXN-deficient neurons from degeneration.
Anaphylactic Transfusion Reactions Associated with Anti-IgA Antibody
Authors: Arnold P. Schmidt, Howard F. Taswell, Gerald J. Gleich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

A patient had anaphylactic transfusion reactions when transfused with small amounts (10 ml or less) of blood from four consecutive donors. Antibodies to erythrocytes or leukocytes could not be found, but a precipitating antibody reactive with IgA in donor and normal human serum was discovered in the patient's serum. This antibody, which was of the IgG class, fixed complement, and its concentration decreased and then increased after one of the reactions. We postulate that an antigen–antibodycomplement interaction releases kinins that mediate a characteristic anaphylactic reaction. This case illustrates that antibodies reactive with plasma protein antigens should be considered as a cause of transfusion reactions when antibodies to cellular constituents in blood cannot be demonstrated.
Is adjuvant therapy necessary for breast cancer lesions of less than 1 cm?
Authors: M. Mandarà, M. Frisinghelli, R. Pedersini, M. Pavarana, M. Giovannini, A. Auriemma, E. Fiorio, G. L. Cetto, A. Molino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9575 Background: The use of adjuvant therapy should be based on appropriate prognostic factors. The aim of this study was to correlate the clinical, biological and pathological characteristics of women with breast cancer lesions of ≤1 cm. Methods: The 3033 patients with invasive operable breast cancer attending the Universitary and Civic Hospitals of Verona between January 1992 and June 2001 were divided into two groups: 664 women (21.9%) with lesions of ≤1cm (group A) and 2369 (78.1%) with lesions >1cm (group B). The patients with a diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ or breast sarcoma were excluded. The Chi-squared test and linear correlation were used to study the associations between lesion diameter and other variables. Results: Chi-squared test. Group A had fewer involved nodes (85.1% had no node involvement vs 55%, p<0.001), more ER+ and PgR+ tumours (86.1% vs 76.8%, p<0.001 and 65.8% vs 61.1%, p=0.04), a lower grading (30.7% vs 8.4% G1, 54.7% vs 56.8% G2, and 14.6% vs 34.8% G3, p<0.001) and a lower proliferative index (Ki-67 0–15%: 78.8% vs 53.9%; Ki-67 16–25%: 13.6% vs 24.7%; Ki-67 26–100%: 7.6% vs 21.5%, p<0.001); vascular invasion was present in 14% of the tumours in group A and 44.1% in group B (p<0.001). Group A was less likely to have a symptomatic diagnosis (36% vs 72.3%, p<0.001), and more likely to have a family history of breast cancer (none 62.9% vs 71.6%, I degree 19.2% vs 14.4%, II degree 17.9% vs 14%, p<0.001), an age of >49 years (77.3% vs 74%, p=0.03) and to be postmenopausal (74.6% vs 69.2%, p=0.01); these last two associations may be due to screening in women older than 49 years. Linear correlation. Our results suggest that a larger lesion diameter is related to more positive nodes (mean: 1.8, p<0.001), a lower percentage of ER and PgR positivity (mean 58.47and 35.41, both p<0.001), a higher percentage of Ki-67 positive cells (mean 15.89, p<0.001) and an older age (mean 59.98, p=0.002). Conclusions: Our results show that women with breast cancer ≤1cm have prognostic factors that indicate less aggressive disease, which may be useful when choosing adjuvant therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hybrid MOPP/ABVD and radiotherapy in advanced Hodgkin's disease
Authors: L. Salvagno, M. Sorarù, G. Sotti, S. Aversa, V.Chiarion Sileni, R. Mazzarotto, G. Scarzello, A. Bianco, G.L. Pappagallo, M.V. Fiorentino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
Case 28-2006
Authors: W. Scott McDougal, Nina E. Tolkoff-Rubin, M. Dror Michaelson, Peter R. Mueller, Kristina Braaten
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 59-year-old man was found to have bilateral renal masses. The right renal mass invaded the inferior vena cava. Fine-needle aspiration of the left renal mass disclosed renal-cell carcinoma. A right radical nephrectomy was performed. The optimal management of the left renal tumor is discussed.
Impact of Age and Comorbidity in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Reinhard Stauder, Thomas Nösslinger, Michael Pfeilstöcker, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Friedrich Wimazal, Otto Krieger, Peter Valent
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) represent a heterogeneous group of myeloid neoplasms that are preferentially diagnosed in the elderly. With the increase in older patients with MDS in the Western world and the availability of more therapeutic options, new strategies and algorithms for optimal management and treatment of these patients must be developed. Although age is recognized as an important adverse variable affecting survival, most scoring systems have not included age in score risk calculations. Comorbidity is of particular importance and a frequent covariable in elderly patients with MDS. However, although comorbidity scores have been established and used for risk assessment in younger high-risk patients scheduled to undergo intensive therapy, these scores are only just being applied to elderly patients, with relevant results. Advanced age should not exclude a patient with MDS from appropriate treatment, and age alone should not be considered a surrogate marker for functional decline or comorbidities. This article discusses the need to improve scoring systems, individualized risk-assessment, and treatment algorithms for elderly patients with MDS by including age and comorbidities.