tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rising Incidence of Hypothyroidism after Radioactive-Iodine Therapy in Thyrotoxicosis
Authors: John T. Dunn, Earle M. Chapman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

HYPOTHYROIDISM is a rare late complication of Graves's disease. A committee of the Clinical Society of London in 18881 noted that "in a few cases the appearance of the symptoms of myxoedema has been preceded by exophthalmic goiter, the evidence on this point appearing to be pretty clear" and went on to recommend that "in this aspect all cases of exophthalmic goiter ought to be followed with much care." Today, with the availability of powerful means of controlling thyrotoxicosis, subsequent hypothyroidism is far from rare, and the advice of the committee regarding follow-up study is particularly apt.The incidence of . . .
A Comparison of Symptoms after the Consumption of Milk or Lactose-Hydrolyzed Milk by People with Self-Reported Severe Lactose Intolerance
Authors: Fabrizis L. Suarez, Dennis A. Savaiano, Michael D. Levitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Ingestion of a large dose of the milk sugar lactose -- for example, the 50-g load in 1 liter of milk -- causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and flatulence in the majority of people with lactose malabsorption. It is uncertain whether the ingestion of more common doses of lactose, such as the amount in 240 ml (8 oz) of milk, causes symptoms. Some people insist that even smaller quantities of milk, such as the amount used with cereal or coffee, cause severe gastrointestinal distress.
Biochemistry and Biology of GDF11 and Myostatin
Authors: Ryan G. Walker, Tommaso Poggioli, Lida Katsimpardi, Sean M. Buchanan, Juhyun Oh, Sam Wattrus, Bettina Heidecker, Yick W. Fong, Lee L. Rubin, Peter Ganz, Thomas B. Thompson, Amy J. Wagers, Richard T. Lee
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) and myostatin (or GDF8) are closely related members of the transforming growth factor β superfamily and are often perceived to serve similar or overlapping roles. Yet, despite commonalities in protein sequence, receptor utilization and signaling, accumulating evidence suggests that these 2 ligands can have distinct functions in many situations. GDF11 is essential for mammalian development and has been suggested to regulate aging of multiple tissues, whereas myostatin is a well-described negative regulator of postnatal skeletal and cardiac muscle mass and modulates metabolic processes. In this review, we discuss the biochemical regulation of GDF11 and myostatin and their functions in the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. We also highlight recent clinical findings with respect to a potential role for GDF11 and/or myostatin in humans with heart disease. Finally, we address key outstanding questions related to GDF11 and myostatin dynamics and signaling during development, growth, and aging.
Case 29-1994
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Roy Freeman, David N. Louis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Presentation of CaseA 32-year-old man was referred to the hospital because of hyperthermia on exercise.The patient had been well and athletic until 4 1/2 years earlier, when he began to experience intermittent fever provoked by exercise and followed by myalgia and excessive fatigue. When he held an object in his hand it caused the hand to “cramp up,” and holding a heavier weight, such as 15 kg, for a longer period was perceived as holding a weight of 45 kg.At the same time he noticed excessive sweating of the right lower extremity while he was playing basketball, . . .
11C-PiB PET/CT in Nasopharyngeal Amyloidosis Associated with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Mariko Ishimura, Yuka Yamamoto, Naruhide Kimura, Hiroshi Hoshikawa, Yoshihiro Nishiyama
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

We present an unusual case of nasopharyngeal amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma. A 63-year-old woman presented with 2 months' history of epistaxis and dentalgia 3 years after being diagnosed with multiple myeloma. CT and C-Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) PET images demonstrated that the intense C-PiB uptake corresponded to the nasal, paranasal, and palatal area matching the CT mass lesion. Histopathologic examination confirmed amyloidosis.
<i>In Vivo</i> Activity of ARRY-380, a Potent, Small Molecule Inhibitor of ErbB2 in Combination with Trastuzumab, Docetaxel or Bevacizumab.
Authors: P. Lee, D. Anderson, K. Bouhana, J. Garrus, C. Napier, A. Avrustkaya, A. White, T. Pheneger, J. Winkler
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract ARRY-380 is an orally active, potent small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting ErbB2. The compound is a reversible, ATP-competitive inhibitor with nanomolar potency against ErbB2 in both in vitro and in cell-based assays. This compound has very good in vivo and in vitro PK/ADME properties and has shown excellent activity in numerous mouse tumor models including breast (BT-474, MDA-MB-453), ovarian (SKOV-3) and gastric (N87) carcinoma models. Here we demonstrate excellent single agent activity and combinability with trastuzumab, docetaxel or bevacizumab in breast and ovarian carcinoma models. For the BT-474 studies, female SCID beige mice were implanted with tumor fragments. For the SKOV-3 tumor studies, female nude mice were inoculated with cells subcutaneously in the flank. Animals received: doses of ARRY-380 ranging up to 200 mg/kg/d, PO; and/or trastuzumab at 20 mg/kg, IP, Q3D or QW; and/or docetaxel at 10 mg/kg, IV, Q3D; and/or bevacizumab at 10 mg/kg, IP, Q4D x3. Tumor size was measured at regular intervals and subsets of animals were monitored for up to 90 days to determine tumor-free survival. In the BT-474 model, ARRY-380 demonstrated significant dose-related tumor growth inhibition (TGI; 50% at 50 mg/kg/d and 96% at 100 mg/kg/d) with numerous partial regressions (&amp;gt;50% reduction from baseline size) at the higher dose level in 9/12 animals. One complete response was observed at the higher dose. Trastuzumab alone provided a 45% TGI with no regressions. ARRY-380 (50 mg/kg/d) in combination with trastuzumab showed a 98% TGI with complete regressions in 9/12 animals and two partial regressions. At dose of 100 mg/kg/d of ARRY-380 in combination with trastuzumab, there was 100% TGI and all animals had complete responses. Docetaxel as a single agent produced a 55% TGI with no regressions. In combination with ARRY-380 (50 mg/kg/d), there was an 81% TGI and five partial regressions. In the SKOV-3 model, ARRY-380 demonstrated significant dose-related tumor growth inhibition (TGI; 39% at 50 mg/kg, BID and 96% at 100 mg/kg, BID) with partial regressions (&amp;gt;50% reduction from baseline size) at the higher dose level in all animals. Bevacizumab alone provided a 55% TGI with no regressions. ARRY-380 (50 mg/kg, BID) in combination with bevacizumab showed 80% TGI with partial responses in 7/8 animals and one stable disease. From this work we have demonstrated superb single agent activity for ARRY-380 in the BT-474 human breast carcinoma xenograft model and the SKOV-3 human ovarian carcinoma model. In addition, ARRY-380 has shown additive activity and tolerability with trastuzumab, docetaxel and bevacizumab. ARRY-380 has entered Phase I clinical trials in patients with advanced cancers. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5104.
THU0356 Sensitivity to Change of Different Definitions of Sacroiliac Radiological Structural Changes in Early Spondyloarthritis: Data from the Desir Cohort: Table 1.
Authors: M. Dougados, C. Demattei, A. Molto, R. van den Berg, V.V. Hoang, F. Thevenin, M. Reijnierse, D. Loeuille, A. Feydy, P. Claudepierre, D. van der Heijde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The natural history (with regard to the structural damage of the Sacroiliac Joints) (SIJ) of axial radiographic (r) and non-radiographic (nr) axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is not well known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the 2 years SIJ radiological structural changes in early axial r- versus nr-axial SpA according to different definitions. <h3>Methods</h3> <i>Patients:</i> inflammatory back pain of less than 3 years duration suggestive of axial SpA according to the treating rheumatologist (DESIR cohort). <i>Outcome measures:</i> Pelvic X-rays collected both at baseline and at the 2 year follow up visit were stored after anonymizing and blinding of the time collection. The radiographs were read centrally by two different readers of well calibrated central readers blinded for clinical, laboratory and other imaging data. In case of disagreement regarding the presence/absence of either sacroiliitis according to the modified New York (mNY) cri teria or change of at least one grade in one SIJ, images were adjudicated by an experienced radiologist or rheumatologist. A score from 0 (normal) to 4 (fusion) was given to each SIJ (left and right). <i>Analysis:</i> Several outcome measures were used: a) changes (from nr to r or from r to nr) in the SIJ status according to the mNY criteria (e.g. r in case of at least a unilateral garde 3 or bilateral grade 2), b) changes in the 0-8 total SIJ (left + right) score c) progression/improvement defined by a change of at least one grade (≥+1/≤-1) in either the left or right SIJ, d) Progression defined by a change of at least one grade in either the left or right SIJ AND a 2 year value of at least 2 in this joint with a progression of at least one grade. <h3>Results</h3> The table summarizes the changes observed in the 449 evaluated patients (age: 34±9 + years old, male: 47%, HLA B27 positive: 61%) according to the baseline radiographic status <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data suggest that in early SpA a) the structural progression does exist but is quite small and only observed in a small number of patients, b) there is a relatively high rate of improvement indicating that it is difficult to assess the true progression rate c) the total SIJ score and/or the progression defined by a change of at least one grade are the most sensitive, d) such rate of progression is higher in the sub-group of patients fulfilling the mNY criteria at baseline. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> DESIR is financially supported by an unrestricted grant from PFIZER France and the French Society of Rheumatology <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Diagnosis of Upper Gastrointestinal Submucosal Tumors
Authors: RA Zaydan
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Back ground and study aims: Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has recently been reported to be useful in the diagnosis of submucosal tumors (SMT). The aim of this study was to show that EUS may help to differentiate the SMT in the upper gastrointestinal tract by comparing and analyzing the EUS finding of SMT and it is pathology. Patients and methods: A total of 22 patients with gastrointestinal SMT diagnosed with EUS were studied. The location and layer of origin of gastrointestinal SMT were analyzed and compared. The histological diagnosis of resected specimen by surgery in most patients was compared with their results of EUS. Results: The majority of gastrointestinal SMT (20 patients) were myogenic tumors (leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma) which originated from muscularis properia. Two patients had lipomas that originated from submucosa. The histopathological results of resected specimen were consistent with preoperative diagnosis of EUS. Conclusion: EUS is the best diagnostic method not only for gastrointestinal SMT diagnosis but also for determine the layer of origin and subsequently differentiate different types of SMT.
Abstract 989: Reliability of a modified version of the Health Belief Model Scale-C for cervical cancer screening behaviors in lesbians
Authors: Kathleen Tracy, Rebecca S. Dawson, Ying Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates have decreased significantly during the last 60 years as a result of wide spread cervical cancer screening, yet certain subgroups of women continue to be at elevated risk due to lack of screening; lesbians are one such group. To better understand the association between health beliefs and cervical cancer screening behaviors in lesbians, we adapted the Champion Health Belief Model Scale from its original focus on breast cancer screening to a focus on cervical cancer and screening via Papanicolaou (Pap) test. Purpose: The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the reliability and validity of our adapted version of the Health Belief Model Scale (HBMS) using an internet-based survey. Analysis included descriptive statistics of demographic data and internal consistency reliability estimates using Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Methods: HBMS items for perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers subscales were modified from their original form to reference cervical cancer (rather than breast cancer) and Pap testing (rather than mammography). In addition, we constructed a knowledge scale based on a series of true/false questions regarding risk factors for cervical cancer and recommendations for cervical cancer screening. Results: Complete data were available for 218 self-identified lesbian volunteers ranging in age from 18 to 68. Cronbach's internal consistency reliability coefficients were calculated for each subscale from our adaptation of the HBMS. Coefficients ranged from .75 to .91. Coefficients were similar to those reported previously. Conclusion: Our adaptation of the HMBS for assessing health beliefs regarding cervical cancer screening was determined to be reliable and valid. The HBMS-C has the potential to be a useful tool in ongoing studies of the associations between health beliefs and cervical cancer screening behaviors.Reliability coefficients for HBMS-CSubscaleAlphaSusceptibility.91Seriousness.88Benefits.79Barriers.81Knowledge.75 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 989.
MAJOR VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSFEMORAL TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT WITH BIVALIRUDIN OR UNFRACTIONATED HEPARIN: FROM THE EFFECT OF BIVALIRUDIN ON AORTIC VALVE INTERVENTION OUTCOMES (BRAVO) TRIAL
Authors: Christian Hengstenberg, Gennaro Giustino, Thierry Lefevre, Christian Kupatt, Ulrich Schaefer, Nicolas Dumonteil, Stephan Windecker, Jurrien Ten Berg, David Hildick-Smith, Peter Boekstegers, Axel Linke, Roxana Mehran, Oliver Husser, Efthymios Deliargyris, Debra Bernstein, Prodromos Anthopoulos, George Dangas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Life-Threatening Bronchomediastinal Fistula Complicating a First Cycle of Chemotherapy in a Stage IV NSCLC Case
Authors: Sara Piciucchi, Carlo Gurioli, Domenico Barone, Christian Gurioli, Mauro Bertocco, Marta Mengozzi, Giovenzio Genestreti, Marco Angelo Burgio, Venerino Poletti
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
THE USE OF MALONONITRILE IN THE TREATMENT OF MENTAL ILLNESSES
Authors: IRVILLE H. MACKINNON, PAUL H. HOCH, LEONARD CAMMER, HEINRICH B. WAELSCH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1949)

Malononitrile administered intravenously in doses varying from 2-4 mgms/kg body weight was of no benefit in the treatment of 9 patients who received approximately the amount of malononitrile recommended by Hydén and Hartelius. With the exception of a mild toxic reaction after injections the patients displayed no improvement of their psychotic conditions. In addition, no alterations were observed in their emotional reactions. Our investigations were carried out predominantly on schizophrenic patients. The material on manic-depressives is insufficient from which to draw conclusions. The theoretic concept of Caspersson and Hydén concerning the relationship of nucleoprotein metabolism and malononitrile was not investigated at this time. We were interested in the clinical application of malononitrile which, as our reported findings show, is essentially negative.
Abstract 3954: mTOR inhibitor increases radiation sensitivity in a radiation-resistance cancer cells through induction of cellular senescence
Authors: Hae Yun Nam, Yoon Sun Lee, Hyang Ju Lee, Jihye Kwak, Ji Young Jung, Seong Who Kim, Sang Yoon Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Autophagy is frequently activated in cancer cells resistant to ionizing radiation and is considered to limit the efficacy of radiotherapy as a prosurvival mechanism. In autophagy signaling, mTOR is an important target for enhancing the therapeutic effect of radiation since inhibiting mTOR limits cell growth and decreases cell proliferation, while increasing autophagy. However, the mode of these actions has remained poorly understood. Here, using radioresistant carcinoma cells, we investigated the mechanism by which the enhanced autophagy flux through the mTOR inhibition overcomes radioresistance of cancer cells subjected to irradiation. AMC-HN-9 cells triggered robust cellular proliferation, and induced cell arrest and autophagy activation in an irradiation dose-dependent manner, showing that adoption of an autophagy mode serves as a survival strategy against radiation. Interestingly, however, the potentiation of radiation-induced autophagy by concomitant inhibition of mTOR activity with mTOR inhibitors (rapamycin or PP242) reduced rather than enhanced cell survival and cell proliferation. Notably, mTOR inhibition in radiation-exposed cells was accompanied by senescence features, including the increased senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA α-gal) activity and heterochromatin formation and irreversible growth arrest. Stress-induced senescence was associated with suppression of Rb-mediated E2F target genes. The results of this study show that the mTOR-dependent induction of autophagy can maintain a growth-arrested state in radioresistant cancer cells and increase radiosensitivity. It indicates that cellular senescence induced by mTOR inhibitor is a promising interventional strategy for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy in cancer cells refractory to irradiation Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3954. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3954
TCTAP A-152 Angioplasty in Small Vessel Disease: Drug Coated Balloon or Drug Eluting Stent?
Authors: Dasdo Antonius Sinaga, Hee Hwa Ho, Fahim Haider Jafary, Yau Wei Ooi, Julian K.B. Tan, Jason Kwok Kong Loh, Paul J.L. Ong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Stage-Specific Expressions of GLUT-1, GLUT-3 and GLUT-12 in Estrogen-Induced Breast Cancer.
Authors: M. Kocdor, H. Kocdor, J. Pereira, J. Vanegas, I. Russo, J. Russo
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Increased glucose uptake and glycolysis are main metabolic characteristics of malignant cells. The glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1), GLUT-3 and recently GLUT-12 have been shown in breast cancer cells in which estrogen play a critical role on its regulation and also associated with poor prognosis. However. the stage-specific GLUT regulation during the process of mammary carcinogenesis is unclear. In the present study we are aiming to study the GLUT expression pattern in an in vitro-in vivo model of estrogen induced carcinogenesis in which the human breast epithelial cell line MCF-10F is considered the normal counterpart E2 the transformed, C5 the invasive and T4 the tumorigenic stage. The gene expression of GLUTs was correlated with the ductulogenic pattern in a collagen matrix and the invasive properties using the Boyden chamber The RT-PCR data showed that the GLUT1 expression was downregulated in MCF10F after the treatment with 17β-estradiol (E2) and in the invasive cell type (C5), but not in the tumor cells (T4), which had no changes compared to MCF10F. C5 and T4 cells showed the highest rate of GLUT-3 expression. These cells were also found to be associated with loss of ductulogenesis, solid mass formation and higher invasion capacity. Whereas, GLUT-12 is downregulated in invasive and tumorigenic cells. We conclude that the estrogen-induced malignant transformation is associated with remarkably GLUT-3 expression, GLUT-1 re-expression at further stages, as well as GLUT-12 downregulation for transformed MCF-10F cells. (This work was supported by grant R21 ES015894from the NIEHS) Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5152.
FRI0288 Baseline characteristics of newly diagnosed patients with axial spondyloarthritis: First results from the giant cohort:
Authors: L. Van Praet, P. Carron, D. Elewaut, F. van den Bosch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Recently, the field of spondyloarthritis (SpA) has experienced major developments, among them the possibility of earlier diagnosis, particularly by the introduction of MRI of the sacroiliac joints. The application of the new ASAS classification criteria for axial SpA (1) has allowed to define a broader spectrum of SpA patients, ranging from non-radiographic axial SpA (nr-axSpA) to classic ankylosing spondylitis (AS) according to modified New York criteria. <h3>Objectives</h3> The present study describes the baseline characteristics of axial SpA patients presenting for the first time in our department. <h3>Methods</h3> The Gent Inflammatory Arthritis and spoNdylitis cohorT (GIANT) is an observational cohort in which patients with axial and peripheral SpA according to the ASAS criteria are prospectively followed; at present 110 patients have been included. <h3>Results</h3> Baseline characteristics of 46 newly diagnosed patients with axial SpA are reported (22 men, 24 women). Symptom duration varied from 0 to 23 years (median: 2.3 years). Mean age was 33.5 years. All patients were suffering from chronic back pain which started before the age of 45 years; inflammatory back pain, defined by ASAS criteria, was present in 78%. Seventy-six percent of the patients were HLA-B27 positive and active inflammatory lesions on MRI were found in 91.9%. Twenty-eight percent of the patients showed definite radiographic sacroiliitis according to Modified New York criteria at first presentation. Twenty-six percent of the patients were active smokers. Symptom duration was comparable between the nr-axSpA and the AS group. The male/female ratio was slightly higher in AS versus nr-axSpA. Extra-articular manifestations and HLA-B27 positivity were equally present in both groups. Inflammatory parameters were higher in the AS group. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A surprisingly high frequency of AS was found in newly diagnosed patients with axial SpA with a comparable symptom duration. Men and women were equally affected. The prevalence of extra-articular manifestations was similar between nr-axSpA and established AS. <h3>References</h3> Sieper J, Rudwaleit M, Baraliakos X, et al. The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) handbook: a guide to assess spondyloarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2009;68(Suppl 2):ii1-ii44. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared