tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0159 Inhibition of Adrenal Axis in Elderly Patients under Treatment with Low Dosis of Corticosteroids: Should We Supplement in Stressful Situations?
Authors: M. Martínez-Morillo, R. Zavala, M.L. Granada, A. Riveros-Frutos, S. Rodríguez-Muguruza, J. Sanint, S. Holgado, A. Olivé, L. Mateo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In some rheumatic diseases low dosis of glucocorticoids (2-5 mg) are used for long periods of time. It is not clear if there is an inhibition of the adrenal axis when one of these patients experiences a stressful situation, such as an illness. This is particularly important in elderly patients, who are most vulnerable to hospitalization. <h3>Objectives</h3> Determine whether there is inhibition of adrenal axis in elderly patients under treatment with low dosis of corticosteroids. <h3>Methods</h3> Design: prospective. Type of center: University hospital with a referral area of 850,000 inhabitants. Nineteen patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (Elderly Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica) were studied: 7 women and 12 men, with a mean age of 77±6.84 years. We underwent stimulation test with synthetic ACTH 1 μg before the onset of oral glucocorticoid treatment and 6 months later. Methylprednisolone was the glucocorticoid used in all patients. The starting mean dose used is these patients was 9.26±2.68 mg, the dose accumulated in 6 months 972.6±248 mg, and the mean daily dose of 5.22±1.0 mg/day. Statistical methods: student t test, ANOVA and ROC curve. <h3>Results</h3> A good response was observed in all patients before before the onset of oral glucocorticoids (cortisol at 30 minutes ≥18 mg/dl). After 6 months of treatment the basal cortisol decreased from 18.5±5.9 to 11.95±5.9 (p=0.002) and the stimulated one from 28.96±5.8 to 17.95±5.98 (p&lt;0.001). After 6 months of corticosteroid therapy 10 patients, 52.6%, showed an inadequate response. Patients with an inadequate response had received a higher starting dose of glucocorticoids (8±2.8 versus 10.4±2.0, p=0.048) and also a higher mean daily dose (4.6±1.05 versus 5.7±0.7, p=0.018). Moreover, the accumulated dose and the mean daily dose were inversely correlated with the cortisol response. The ROC curve analysis at 6 months of treatment showed that the best cut off for predicting a poor response was a mean daily dose of 5.16 mg/day, with 70% sensitivity and 88.89% specificity (AUC =0.789, p=0.0065) and that a 100% of patients with insufficient response received a mean daily dose higher than 4.5mg/day. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A large percentage of elderly patients treated with low dosis of glucocorticoids showed adrenal axis inhibition after a few months of treatment. Thus, supplementation with higher dosis of glucocorticoids should be recommended to these patients in stressful situations. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> To all the Biochemistry and Reumathology nurses. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4520
Abstract 2392: Transcriptional repression of VEGF by Znf24, a C2H2 zinc finger protein
Authors: Di Jia, Robyn Loureiro, Patricia D'Amore, Scott Rodig, Marsha Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator during the formation of new blood vessels during angiogenesis. It functions to promote the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells under both physiological conditions such as embryogenesis and pathological conditions such as tumor growth. VEGF has been shown to play an important role in the development and metastasis of breast as well as other human cancers. To date, many trans-activating factors of VEGF have been described, whereas transcriptional repression of VEGF remains less studied. We have previously reported the identification of a SCAN-domain containing C2H2 zinc finger protein, Znf24, which functions to repress the transcription of VEGF. In this study we explore the mechanism by which Znf24 represses VEGF transcription. We have generated a series of VEGF promoter constructs bearing deletions from the 5′ end. Reporter gene assays in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 have revealed a proximal region of the VEGF promoter essential for Znf24-induced repression. To determine whether Znf24 represses VEGF transcription through direct binding to the VEGF promoter, we have performed electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) using the VEGF proximal promoter region as a probe. We have found that Znf24 protein binds to this proximal region, suggesting that VEGF is a direct downstream target of Znf24. To begin to investigate Znf24 functions in vivo, we have conducted immunohistochemistry assays using human breast cancer tissue microarrays representing different stages of disease progression and tumor sizes, as well as matched normal breast tissues. We have determined that Znf24 protein levels are significantly decreased in malignant tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues. A potential negative correlation between Znf24 protein levels and tumor sizes is also observed, suggesting that Znf24 may serve as a negative regulator of tumor growth. Our data suggest that Znf24 represses VEGF transcription through direct binding to the VEGF promoter and that it may function as a negative regulator of tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. (Supported by NIH P01 CA045548 and the Simeon J. Fortin Charitable Foundation) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2392.
S77 Pre-treatment Chest X-ray Severity And Its Relation To Bacterial Burden In Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: S. Murthy, F. Chatterjee, P. Phillips, S. Murray, T. McHugh, S. Gillespie
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Chest radiographs are commonly used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and to assess the extent of disease. A relationship between the extent of disease as determined by smear grade and cavitation has been shown to predict 2-month smear results but little has been done to determine whether radiological severity reflects the bacterial burden at diagnosis. <h3>Design/methods</h3> Pre-treatment chest X-rays from 1837 subjects with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis enrolled into the REMoxTB trial were reviewed retrospectively. Two clinicians blinded to clinical details using the Ralph <i>et al</i> scoring system<sup>1</sup> (comprised of the percentage of affected lung field and presence of cavitation) performed separate readings. An independent reader (a radiologist) reviewed discrepant results for quality assessment and cavity presence. The final cavity assessment was combined with the average percentage affected value to give a severity score (maximum score 100% + 40 if any cavitation). The Ralph score was compared to the time to positivity (TTP) of liquid cultures as measured by MGIT 960. The association between CXR severity score and time to positivity (log scale) was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A Welch t-test was used to compare TTP of those with high and low disease extent and those with and without cavitation. <h3>Results</h3> Matching sets of data were available for 1422 subjects. The median severity score was 53.75/140 (IQR 32.03–66.25) and median time to culture positivity 117 h (4.88 days). CXR severity score was weakly correlated with time to positivity (Spearman’s correlation -0.20, p &lt; 0.0001). Time to positivity was higher in those without cavitation (difference 23.7 h, p &lt; 0.0001) and those with a low area affected (difference 12.1 h, p &lt; 0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The radiological severity of pulmonary tuberculosis at diagnosis is weakly correlated with bacterial load as measured by TTP. This suggests that, in addition to bacterial burden, other factors such as immune response influence radiological appearances. <h3>References</h3> Ralph AP, Ardian M, Wiguna A, <i>et al</i>. A simple, valid, numerical score for grading chest X-ray severity in adult smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis. <i>Thorax</i>. 2010;65:863–9
Episodic Angioedema Associated with Eosinophilia
Authors: Gerald J. Gleich, Arnold L. Schroeter, J. Paul Marcoux, Martin I. Sachs, Edward J. O'Connell, Peter F. Kohler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Four patients with recurrent attacks of angioedema, urticaria, and fever were seen. During attacks, body weights increased up to 18% and leukocyte counts reached 108,000/microliters (88% eosinophils). Glucocorticoid therapy caused defervescence, diuresis, and decreased total leukocyte and eosinophil counts. The two children received prednisone intermittently; the adults did not require treatment or their conditions were controlled by alternate-day prednisone administration. No patient had evidence of cardiac involvement (follow-up, 2-17 years). The disease does not threaten the function of vital organs. One patient remained in spontaneous remission for 20 years before symptoms recurred. Although it might be classified as a variant of the hypereosinophilic syndrome, we believe that this syndrome is a separate entity because of its distinctive characteristics and its benign course.
Speech, vocal production learning, and the comparative method
Authors: Bjorn Merker
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract The faith that “comparative analysis of the behaviour of modern primates, in conjunction with an accurate phylogenetic tree of relatedness, has the power to chart the early history of human cognitive evolution” (Byrne 2000 p. 543) runs afoul of the fact that no other primate besides humans is capable of vocal production learning. This basic enabling adaptation for articulate speech bears crucially on the reconstruction of language origins.
AB1014 Effects of teriparatide on bone metabolism of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Authors: D. Kida
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate change in bone quality in patients at high risk of fracture by quantification of several bone biochemical markers and bone mineral density (BMD), before and after teriparatide (TPD) treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> Sixty patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and eighteen patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were assessed. Levels of serum osteocalcin (OC), serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) serum tartrate resistant acid phosphatase isoform 5b (TRAP-5b), urinary N-teropeptide of type I collagen/creatinine (NTx), serum calcium (Ca), serum phosphorus (P), vitamin D metabolites 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcitonin (CT) and BMD at the lumbar spine (LS) and total hip (TH) were measured at baseline and 6 months after TPD by subcutaneous injection (20 microg once a day). Statistical analysis also performed. <h3>Results</h3> Levels of biochemical markers before and after TPD administration are presented in Table 1a and 1b. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although no additional vitamin D supplementation intake were recommended, significant increasing was found in level of 1,25,D3 in both RA and OA groups. Significant differences between RA group and OA group were found on mean serum Ca levels before and after treatment.TPD administration significantly stimulated bone formation and bone resorption and increased BMD after 6 months in both OA and RA groups (data not shown). Concurrently, ucOC level was significantly higher and CT level was significantly lower after 6 months in both OA and RA groups. Therefore, it is possible that beneficial reactivation of the osteoblast system by TPD administration might require high amounts of vitamin K and/or calcitonin. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Cocaine-Induced Coronary-Artery Vasospasm
Authors: Nureddin Almaddah, Tokunbo O Ajayi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 58-year-old woman presented with intermittent, nonexertional chest pain. She had been admitted for similar symptoms 2 months earlier; a coronary angiogram had revealed normal anatomy. A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a pericardial effusion. A video is available at NEJM.org.
Ibrutinib in Refractory Classic Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Mehdi Hamadani, Sriram Balasubramanian, Parameswaran N. Hari
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

To the Editor: Ibrutinib is an oral, small-molecule Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that has activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, mantle-cell lymphoma, and Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia.1–3 We administered single-agent ibrutinib at a dose of 560 mg daily to two heavily pretreated patients who had primary refractory classic Hodgkin's lymphoma. Patient 1 was a 28-year-old woman who underwent haploidentical allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplantation after receiving eight prior therapeutic regimens, including autologous hematopoietic-cell transplantation and brentuximab vedotin. Two months after the hematopoietic-cell transplantation, fevers, night sweats, and weight loss developed. Combined positron-emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) showed relapsed disease above and . . .
Book reviewers reviewed
Authors: A. Bond, D F Levine
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The ovarian cycle affects susceptibility to behavioral and neurologic conditions. The molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are poorly understood. Deficits in cyclical fluctuations in steroid hormones and receptor plasticity play a central role in physiologic and pathophysiologic menstrual conditions. It has been suggested that synaptic GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors mediate phasic inhibition in the hippocampus and extrasynaptic receptors mediate tonic inhibition in the dentate gyrus. Here we report a novel role of extrasynaptic <i>δ</i>-containing GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors as crucial mediators of the estrous cycle–related changes in neuronal excitability in mice, with hippocampus subfield specificity. In molecular and immunofluorescence studies, a significant increase occurred in <i>δ</i>-subunit, but not <i>α</i>4- and <i>γ</i>2-subunits, in the dentate gyrus during diestrus. However, <i>δ</i>-subunit upregulation was not evident in the CA1 region. The <i>δ</i>-subunit expression was undiminished by age and ovariectomy and in mice lacking progesterone receptors, but it was significantly reduced by finasteride, a neurosteroid synthesis inhibitor. Electrophysiologic studies confirmed greater potentiation of GABA currents by progesterone-derived neurosteroid allopregnanolone in dissociated dentate gyrus granule cells in diestrus than in CA1 pyramidal cells. The baseline conductance and allopregnanolone potentiation of tonic currents in dentate granule cells from hippocampal slices were higher than in CA1 pyramidal cells. In behavioral studies, susceptibility to hippocampus kindling epileptogenesis was lower in mice during diestrus. These results demonstrate the estrous cycle–related plasticity of neurosteroid-sensitive, <i>δ</i>-containing GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors that mediate tonic inhibition and seizure susceptibility. These findings may provide novel insight on molecular cascades of menstrual disorders like catamenial epilepsy, premenstrual syndrome, and migraine.
Abstract 1706: Estrogen induces stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in human MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells.
Authors: Anissa Belkaid, Rodney J. Ouellette, Marc E. Surette
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Approximately 95% of breast cancers are estrogen-dependant. Estrogen plays a crucial role in many cellular processes in estrogen-sensitive breast cancer such as carcinogenesis, production of growth factors, angiogenesis and growth stimulation. To sustain cell growth, many cancer cells exhibit an altered metabolism that is characterized by increased glycolysis and lipogenesis. We observed for the first time an up regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) in response to estrogen in the hormone-dependent MCF7 human breast carcinoma cell line. SCD1 is a key enzyme in the production of monounsaturated fatty acids that are essential for membrane biogenesis. Using estrogen-starved MCF7 cells, treatment with 2 nM of estrogen induced cell proliferation, increased SCD-1 gene expression measured by qPCR (2.6±0.1 fold increase, p&amp;lt;0.05) and SCD-1 protein expression (7.2 fold increase) determined by immunoblot analysis, compared to control cells. Estrogen-induced SCD1 expression was accompanied by important changes in cellular fatty acid compositions with significant increases in the monounsaturated fatty acid content in membrane phospholipids and in SCD-1 product/substrate ratios with a 4.3±0.03 fold increase in the 16:1n-7/16:0 ratio and a 1.9±0.01 fold increase in the 18:1n-9/18:0 ratio compared to untreated cells (both p&amp;lt;0.05). Treatment of estrogen-stimulated cells with a selective SCD1 inhibitor inhibited estrogen-induced cell proliferation and prevented the estrogen-induced changes in membrane lipid composition. Overall, these results show for the first time that estrogen induces SCD-1 expression in breast carcinoma cells and suggests a crucial role for SCD1 in estrogen dependent cancer cell proliferation. SCD1 may therefore represent a potential therapeutic target for estrogen-dependent cancer. (This work was supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Canada Research Chairs Program). Citation Format: Anissa Belkaid, Rodney J. Ouellette, Marc E. Surette. Estrogen induces stearoyl-CoA desaturase expression in human MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1706. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1706
GENDER DIFFERENCE IN CHANGES OF PLAQUE CHARACTERISTICS IN RESPONSE TO INTENSIVE LIPID-LOWERING THERAPY: SERIAL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS
Authors: Yoshiyasu Minami, Jingbo Hou, Haibo Jia, Sining Hu, Rocco Vergallo, Tsunenari Soeda, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Comparison of outcome in acute myelogenous leukemia patients with translocation (8;21) found by standard cytogenetic analysis and patients with AML1/ETO fusion transcript found only by PCR testing
Authors: JE Sarriera, M Albitar, Z Estrov, C Gidel, R Aboul-Nasr, T Manshouri, S Kornblau, K-S Chang, H Kantarjian, E Estey
Journal: Leukemia (2001)
1064 TARGETING TLR7 AND 9: A NOVEL STRATEGY FOR TREATMENT OF CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA
Authors: F.E.z. Mohamed, N. Davies, A. Winstaly, T. Loung, A. Habtesion, D. Dahr, F. Andreola, S. Minouge, S. Olde Damink, R. Mookerjee, R. Jalan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Positron Emission Tomography Can Reveal Abdominal Periaortitis
Authors: Daniël Blockmans, Els Van Moer, Johan Dehem, Christian Feys, Luc Mortelmans
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

BLOCKMANS, DANIŁ M.D., Ph.D.; VAN MOER, ELS M.D.; DEHEM, JOHAN M.D.; FEYS, CHRISTIAN M.D.; MORTELMANS, LUC M.D., Ph.D. Author Information
Correlation of Histologic Features with In Vivo Imaging of Reticular Pseudodrusen
Authors: Ursula Greferath, Robyn H. Guymer, Kirstan A. Vessey, Kate Brassington, Erica L. Fletcher
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)

PurposeTo determine the histologic and cellular correlates in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) with the presence of optical coherence tomography-defined reticular pseudodrusen (RPD).DesignObservation case using immunocytochemistry of an exenterated eye with immediate fixation after removal.ParticipantsTwo patients, one with confirmed RPD and the other with mid-peripheral drusen, underwent multimethod imaging before exenteration and immediate fixation of the posterior eyecup for high-resolution immunocytochemical analysis.MethodsOptical coherence tomography (OCT) was compared with high-resolution immunocytochemistry using a range of cellular markers to determine changes in the RPE, photoreceptors, and gliosis.Main Outcome MeasuresCorrelations of the appearance of reticular pseudodrusen on OCT and immunocytochemical analysis.ResultsReticular pseudodrusen were deposits juxtaposed to photoreceptor outer segments extending through the outer nuclear layer and even beyond the outer limiting membrane. Deposits were rich in vitronectin, photoreceptor-associated proteins, and Iba1-immunoreactive immune cells. In contrast to conventional drusen the lipid stain Oil Red O failed to stain RPD. Cellular analysis revealed that RPD were associated with photoreceptor disruption and loss and localized gliosis. In addition, anomalies in the RPE were observed.ConclusionsReticular pseudodrusen represent subretinal deposits that extend through the outer nuclear layer, affect photoreceptor integrity, and are associated with retinal gliosis and RPE damage.
Pattern of Gastric Emptying in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: BHAGWANT R. MITTAL, AJAY WANCHU, BIRENDRA K. DAS, PARTHO P. GHOSH, ARUN B. SEWATKAR, RAMNATH N. MISRA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Gastric emptying studies, using an indigenously prepared radiolabeled solid food marker in the form of Indian bread called Chapati, were performed on 13 patients with systemic sclerosis. Six patients had limited cutaneous disease and seven had diffuse cutaneous disease. Earlier, the procedure was standardized in 30 healthy volunteers. Seven of the 13 (54%) patients (five with diffuse and two with limited cutaneous disease) had delayed gastric emptying. Most of these patients had gastric symptoms. This pattern of gastric emptying may be clinically significant, particularly in patients with diffuse cutaneous disease.
Viral Hepatitis in a Group of Boston Hospitals
Authors: Raymond S. Koff, George F. Grady, Thomas C. Chalmers, James W. Mosley, Betsy Lee Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

INTENSIVE studies of epidemics of viral hepatitis have revealed multiple epidemiologic patterns of disease spread. Person-to-person contact is thought to be the most common type of transmission.1 Extensive common-source outbreaks of infectious hepatitis, although infrequent, have been traced to contaminated water, milk and other foods. In 1961 raw clams2 and raw oysters3 were incriminated for the first time in the United States. This pattern of shellfish-associated disease has recurred in 2 subsequent epidemics along the Atlantic seacoast.4 A significant risk of hepatitis has been recognized in animal handlers in contact with newly imported subhuman primates.5 Illicit use of habituating drugs . . .
ANÁLISIS DE LA TÉCNICA Y CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LOS PACIENTES SOMETIDOS A GASTROSTOMÍA ENDOSCÓPICA PERCUTÁNEA EN NUESTRA UNIDAD DE ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVA
Authors: C González Artacho, AM Matas Cobos, E Redondo Cerezo, AD Sánchez Capilla, J De Teresa Galván
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La Gastrostomía Endoscópica Percutánea (PEG) es el método de elección para la alimentación enteral a largo plazo en presencia de tracto gastrointestinal viable. Su indicación principal es la imposibilidad de alimentación oral que por diversos motivos tienen los pacientes. Es aconsejable una adecuada selección de los pacientes, por no estar exenta de complicaciones e implicaciones éticas.