tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-256 New pelvic radiotherapy techniques do not eliminate gastrointestinal toxicity: Abstract PTU-256 Table 1
Authors: KL White, J Routledge, JE Livsey, BH Lisa, J Mclaughlin, SE Davidson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) is a recent technique of external beam radiotherapy. VMAT delivers less radiation dose to the bowel than traditional conformal therapy. This should lessen gastrointestinal (GI) acute toxicity however this has not yet been shown. We aimed to determine the rate of GI toxicity in the treatment of gynaecological malignancy with VMAT. <h3>Method</h3> This prospective study included patients commencing radiotherapy from December 2013 to July 2014. Patients completed questionnaires prior to commencing radiotherapy, on their final day of treatment (end of week 4) and at 8 weeks (median 57 days) following the end of treatment. The questionnaire used was a validated patient reported questionnaire derived from the CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) grading system. <h3>Results</h3> See Table 1for patient demographics. All patients had 20 fractions of radiotherapy over 4 weeks with the exception of 1 patient who only completed 17 fractions. Of the 62 eligible patients 57 completed baseline questionnaires, 60 at end of treatment and 50 completed them 8 weeks later. At baseline 32% of patients reported diarrhoea, this rose to 75% at end of treatment and fell to 33% 8 weeks later. In line with this 11% of patients reported taking anti-diarrhoeal medication at baseline, 73% at end of treatment and 14% at the 3<sup>rd</sup>time point. Forty percent of patients had grade 3–4 faecal urgency at baseline, 70% at end of treatment and 53% at the 3<sup>rd</sup>time point. Grade 3–4 tenesmus was present in 15% at baseline, 27% at end of treatment and 8% 8 weeks later. No patients reported faecal incontinence at baseline. Faecal incontinence of any grade was reported by 29% at end of treatment and by 12% at the 3<sup>rd</sup>time point. Patients reported whether difficulty controlling their bowels affected their daily activities. At baseline 2% reported that this was the case compared with 30% at end of treatment and 10% 8 weeks later. Rectal bleeding was reported by 5% at baseline and by 8% at end of treatment and at the 3<sup>rd</sup>time point. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our data suggest that VMAT does cause acute GI toxicity during radiotherapy treatment although at early follow up much of this has improved. Future work is planned to demonstrate whether VMAT confers benefit over conformal treatment in terms of GI late effects. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Survey Suggests U.S. Leadership in Biomedical Science is Threatened
Authors: R. Scott
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Survey Suggests U.S. Leadership in Biomedical Science is Threatened Get access Robert Scott Robert Scott Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 6, 20 March 1991, Pages 393–394, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.6.393 Published: 20 March 1991
A memorable patient: Leading the way
Authors: C. Knipe
Journal: BMJ (1998)

My patient had always been apprehensive about undergoing medical procedures. He came to see me with a broad smile and told me about his recent gastroscopy. 

He and five other patients were lined up in beds in the day ward. A rather frail 83 year old woman had been selected to go first. Everyone listened as the nurse went behind the screen, explained the procedure in detail to her, and requested consent. No, she said, she would not have an injection in her hand, she would have it done without the injection. The nurse went out and returned with the surgeon. He patiently explained the procedure again and emphasised that it was not really an anaesthetic that would be given—more like a light sedative. No, son, she said firmly, she would not have the injection, however light it was. But she did want to have the procedure done. Eventually a reluctant compromise was reached—she would have it done with just the spray on the back of her throat. 

She returned after the procedure, quite unconcerned, got dressed, and promptly went home. The next patient decided that he, too, would have only the spray, went for his procedure, and returned in good spirits. My patient was next. More than a little apprehensive, he decided that if they could do it, so could he. He, too, just took the spray, found the procedure tolerable, and felt fine afterwards. In the end all six patients declined intravenous sedation. The surgeon was heard to ask the nurse if she was putting the patients up to it: perhaps in future the patients would be doing their own gastroscopies. 

My patient now tells me, somewhat proudly, that he would have no worries about undergoing any future medical investigations.
Abstract P4-08-11: Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Analysis of COX-2 Expression for Early Detection and Progression of Breast Cancer and Evaluation of a Novel Class of Peptides as Its Inhibitor
Authors: AK Singh, R Parshad, SN Das, K Dalal, S Dey
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) over expression has been observed in different cancers. Till date, COX-2 expression in breast cancer has been studied using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The aim of this study was to use surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology for determining the expression levels of COX-2 in breast cancer and design peptide inhibitors to evaluate their enzyme inhibition in vitro. Patients and methods: This case-controlled study was performed on 84 biopsy proven breast cancer patients having invasive ductal carcinoma and 40 age, sex and ethnicity matched healthy subjects. Blood and tissue samples were collected and serum and tissue lysate was prepared. Serum and tissue levels of COX-2 were evaluated using SPR where samples were allowed to flow over anti-COX-2 antibody immobilized sensor chip to obtain the respective RUs. Similarly, standard curve of COX-2 was prepared from cloned, expressed and purified protein to deduce the concentrations in different samples. To evaluate enzyme inhibition, fifteen peptides were synthesized using the solid and solution-phase peptide synthesis based on the active site structure of COX-2 and enzyme activity was evaluated spectrophotometrically. Results: A significant increase in COX-2 levels in breast cancer patients 11.23-30.77μg/ml (Mean±SD=14.55±5.74) as compared to normal controls 2.13-5.16µg/ml (Mean±SD=3.71±0.86) (P&amp;gt;0.0001) was observed. Serum COX-2 levels were significantly higher (P&amp;lt;0.0061) in patients with lymph node involvement. More than 65% patients showed significantly (P&amp;lt;0.0025) reduced COX-2 levels after chemotherapy. This was confirmed by western blot to check tissue level expression and spectrophotometrically to determine the activity of COX-2 at different stages. In addition, the peptides showed significant in vitro enzyme inhibition, and had a KD ranging from 1 X 10-8 to 1X10-10. Conclusion: SPR is a useful proteomic technique for early detection and monitoring progession of breast cancer and peptides are a novel class of COX-2 inhibitors that can be further developed for anti-tumor therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-11.
1233 TO FIND OUT MATERNAL AND FOETAL OUTCOME IN PREGNANT WOMEN INFECTED WITH ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS ‘E’ (AVH-E) DURING THIRD TRIMESTER OF PREGNANCY – A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: A.K. Jain, S. Jain, S. Jhamad, N. Soni, S. Sircar, M. Jain
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
DUAL-SOURCE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY TO IMPROVE PREDICTION OF RESPONSE TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY (DIRECT): A PROSPECTIVE DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMIZED STUDY
Authors: Quynh A. Truong, Jackie Szymonifka, Michael Picard, Wai-Ee Thai, Bryan Wai, Edwin Heist, Guanglei Xiong, Jim Cheung, Udo Hoffmann, Jagmeet Singh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Pharmacologic Aspects of Cigarette Smoking and Nicotine Addiction
Authors: N L Benowitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

NICOTINE has been consumed in the form of tobacco and other plants for many hundreds of years. The compulsive use of tobacco has been observed in nearly every culture into which tobacco has been introduced. Nearly 30 percent of adult Americans smoke despite, in most cases, a desire to quit and despite common knowledge of the health hazards.1 Their failure to quit smoking is attributable in large part to the addictive properties of nicotine. Recently, nicotine has become available as a pharmaceutical agent, marketed as a chewing gum to help people stop smoking. In addition to its direct effect on . . .
996 PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF RESPONSE TO SORAFENIB IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: A RETROSPECTIVE PILOT STUDY
Authors: C. Castain, J.-F. Blanc, P. Bioulac-Sage, A. Diallo, E. Chevet, L. Possenti, H. Trillaud, B. Le-Bail
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The management of symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement: what is the rationale for non-surgical treatment?
Authors: Nicola C Casartelli, Nicola A Maffiuletti, Mario Bizzini, Bryan T Kelly, Florian D Naal, Michael Leunig
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a pathomechanical process often associated with bony deformities at the proximal femur and/or acetabulum in conjunction with repetitive, rigorous or supraphysiological hip motion.1 It may cause acetabular labral injuries and hip pain, and can lead to developing early hip osteoarthritis.1 Since FAI is thought to be caused primarily by structural hip abnormalities, surgery—whether open or arthroscopic—is considered to be the main treatment.1 Nevertheless, dynamic hip joint instability, defined as excessive femoral head translation relative to the acetabulum during daily and sports activities,2 may also contribute to the FAI pathomechanism. Indeed, this may lead to mechanical overloading of the hip joint structures and pain.3 Managing dynamic hip joint instability has often been overlooked in terms of treatment options for FAI. This editorial proposes a rationale, discussing the potential effectiveness, for non-surgical intervention to improve dynamic hip joint stability and reduce hip pain in patients with symptomatic FAI.

Hip …
1286 PREDICTIVE VALUE OF ADIPONECTIN TO LEPTIN RATIO FOR DIAGNOSIS OF STEATOHEPATITIS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE
Authors: A.A. Elfakhry, E.E. Abdelkhalek, S. El-Gharabawy, E.Y. El-Tanaihy, A. Abdel-Baky
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Phono-morpho-orthographic construal: The view from spelling
Authors: Dorit Ravid
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract A spelling model which has evolved in the parallel universe of spelling research resonates with Frost's reading model. Like reading, spelling cannot be based solely on phonology or orthography, but should accommodate all linguistic facets. The cognitive domain of spelling does not take place at the level of single grapheme or phoneme or syllable, but rather, at the lexical level.
1138 PRETREATMENT VIRAL GENETIC FACTORS IMPROVE IL28B PREDICTIONS OF VIROLOGIC RESPONSE TO STANDARD THERAPY IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS 1B INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: V. Saludes, E. Bascuàana, M. Ardévol, V. Gonzalez, R. Planas, R. Morillas, M. Sala, V. Ausina, E. Martrò
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Soluble HLA Class I, HLA Class II, and Fas Ligand in Blood Components: A Possible Key to Explain the Immunomodulatory Effects of Allogeneic Blood Transfusions
Authors: M. Ghio, P. Contini, C. Mazzei, S. Brenci, G. Barberis, G. Filaci, F. Indiveri, F. Puppo
Journal: Blood (1999)
THU0457 Evaluation of rheumatology admissions in a teaching hospital: A trainee’s perspective
Authors: R. Khan, V. Kr Rao, K. Chaudhuri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Admissions to the rheumatology service play an important role in rheumatology training. In the present economic climate where rheumatology patients are often managed as outpatients, these admissions provide a unique opportunity for the trainees to deal with acute and often complicated problems which they may not encounter in the outpatients. <h3>Objectives</h3> We reviewed the rheumatology admissions at a teaching hospital over the period of 12 months from January 2011 to December 2011. These were managed by two trainees with the support of 8 consultants. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective analysis of electronic discharge summaries of all rheumatology admissions over one year period was done with regard to type of admission, reason for the admission, final rheumatologic diagnosis, duration of stay and the different management outcomes. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 157 patients were seen by the trainees with the continued support from the consultants. The final diagnosis could be grouped into the following categories: inflammatory arthritis (44.59% 70/157), connective tissue diseases (28.66% 45/157), degenerative/soft tissue (8.28% 13/157), vasculitis (5.09% 08/157), metabolic bone diseases (3.18% 5/157) and infections (1.92%, 3/157) A separate category named as others (8.28% 13/157) was included. This was a heterogeneous group with diagnoses such as PMR, lymphadenopathy for evaluation, statin induced myositis and stickler syndrome. Majority of the admissions were elective admissions (60.5%, 95/157) and the rest (39.5%, 62/157) were emergency admissions. In 33.12% (52/157) of admissions, patients presented with a new symptom and in 66.88% (105/157) of admissions, patients presented with complications or exacerbation of existing rheumatologic problems. The management outcomes were as follows: steroids started in 32.2% (51/157), disease modifying drugs started in 19.1% (30/157), joints injected in 19.1% (30/157), disease modifying drugs stopped in 5.73% (9/157) and biologics started in 2.54% (4/157). Some of them have had a combination of the above treatments. Duration of stay in most of these patients was three to four days. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study highlights the range of conditions that were dealt with by the rheumatology trainees over a period of 12 months. The trainees found this exposure to admitted patients extremely valuable for their training and experience. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
INCREASED QT VARIABILITY INDEX IS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN INCIDENT HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Larisa G. Tereshchenko, Sanjoli Sur, Lucy Meoni, Tejal Gambhir, Maggie Maly, Bernard Jaar, Stephen Sozio, Michelle Estrella, Rulan Parekh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 40: Similarity-based exploration of genomic profiles in glioblastoma multiforme samples
Authors: Julien Burton, Joachim Petit, Will Fitzhugh, Michael Berens, Jeffrey Kiefer, Nathalie Meurice
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The main goal of this study is to deploy similarity-driven methodologies to explore data in public repositories such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). One of the research goals of the In Silico Research Center of Excellence at TGen and 5am Solutions is to explore the differences and similarities between genomic profiles of glioblastoma xenografts, glioblastoma patient, and non-tumor samples and use that information to select a diverse but representative population of xenografts for drug-treatment experiments. The first step consists in designing similarity-driven methodologies to describe the relations in genomic datasets publicly available such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). This contribution presents a workflow through which the similarity relationships amongst gene expression profiles from TCGA GBM and non-tumor samples are explored. The method consists in (1) representing the data as feature vectors, (2) calculating the pair-wise similarity between the objects based on the chosen representation and a similarity metric (e.g., euclidean distance), (3) projecting the obtained similarity matrix in the 3D space of its three first principal components, calculated by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The 3D similarity spaces obtained lead to several interesting interpretations: the different phenotypes (GBM, non-tumor, xenografts) were accurately depicted and reduced pools of genes (gene sets) could be used as sufficient description (Gene set enrichment analysis, caBIO gene sets) to conserve the initial representation. These observations allowed us to validate the exploratory power of the method and to use it in further analysis such as the assessment of the similarity between xenografts and GBM samples to select appropriate treatments on a genomic likeness basis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 40. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-40
Abstract B7: The bone metastasis secretome: Identification of potential therapeutic targets via high-throughput proteomics
Authors: Mario Andres Blanco, Gary LeRoy, Barry Zee, Maša Aleckovic, Benjamin Garcia, Yibin Kang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Secreted tumor proteins are critical for establishing the requisite tumor-stromal interactions in the process of metastasis and are superior therapeutic targets. Here we present a proteome-scale analysis to identify novel secreted proteins associated with bone metastasis. To characterize the complete set of secreted proteins involved in tissue-specific metastasis, we analyzed the secreted protein fractions from four sublines of the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line which differ in bone metastasis ability. Using LC-MS/MS mass spectrometry technology, we identified 1153 total unique proteins from these fractions and filtered out those proteins predicted to be non-secreted using SignalP 3.0. This analysis yielded 206 unique secretory-predicted proteins, thus providing the first view of the MDA-MB-231 secretome. To determine potential therapeutic targets, we looked at which secreted proteins were found only in the highly bone metastatic cell lines. This 32-protein bone metastasis “secretome signature” contained several proteins already known to play a role in promoting bone metastasis (eg. MMP1, CTGF, and TGF-) as well as many novel proteins with no prior link to metastasis or cancer. GO categories significantly enriched in this signature included “extracellular region,” “calcium ion binding,” and “ IGF-binding,” further confirming its biological relevance. Oncomine database analysis indicated that 6 of 32 secretome signature proteins are strongly upregulated in multiple human cancers as compared to matched normal tissue. To narrow the secretome signature biologically, we repeated the LC-MS/MS analysis on two additional sets of matched parental vs. highly bone metastatic derivative cell lines. From the three total secretome analyses, 5 secreted proteins were found to be unique to bone metastatic derivatives in two of three cell types, and one protein was found in every bone metastatic derivative (and in none of the weakly bone metastatic lines). Oncomine analysis indicated that three of these five proteins were also strongly upregulated in multiple human cancers as compared to normal tissue. This analysis of the metastasis secretome and its associated bone metastasis-specific changes has identified multiple novel secreted proteins strongly implicated in clinical malignant progression. Following experimental and clinical validation, any could be considered for therapeutic targeting via monoclonal antibody. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):B7
Caspase-9b Interacts Directly with cIAP1 to Drive Agonist-Independent Activation of NF-κB and Lung Tumorigenesis
Authors: Ngoc T. Vu, Margaret A. Park, Michael D. Shultz, Gamze B. Bulut, Amy C. Ladd, Charles E. Chalfant
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Alternate RNA processing of caspase-9 generates the splice variants caspase 9a (C9a) and caspase 9b (C9b). C9b lacks a domain present in C9a, revealing a tumorigenic function that drives the phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. In this study, we elucidated the mechanistic underpinnings of the malignant character of this splice isoform. In NSCLC cells, C9b expression correlated with activation of the canonical arm of the NF-κB pathway, a major pathway linked to the NSCLC tumorigenesis. Mechanistic investigations revealed that C9b activates this pathway via direct interaction with cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 1 (cIAP1) and subsequent induction of the E3 ligase activity of this IAP family member. The C9b:cIAP1 interaction occurred via the BIR3 domain of cIAP1 and the IAP-binding motif of C9b, but did not require proteolytic cleavage of C9b. This protein:protein interaction was essential for C9b to promote viability and malignant growth of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo, broadly translating to diverse NSCLC oncogenotypes. Overall, our findings identified a novel point for therapeutic invention in NSCLC that may be tractable to small-molecule inhibitors, as a new point to broadly address this widespread deadly disease. Cancer Res; 76(10); 2977-89. ©2016 AACR.
THU0345 Meloxicam Inhibits the Activation of Serum From Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis to WNT/B-Catenin Pathway on MG63
Authors: Z. Hu, S. Cao, Q. Wei, J. Gu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> It had been reported that Jurkat cells treated with serum from ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients exhibited increased Wnt signaling compared with cells treated with control serum [1]. Whether serum from AS patients also has such effect on osteosarcoma cell line MG63 is unknown. Meloxicam could down-regulate wnt pathway in adenomas [2]. Whether it could inhibit the activation of serum from AS patients to wnt pathway in MG63 has not been discussed about. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether serum from patients with AS could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MG63, and whether meloxicam could inhibit this activation or not. <h3>Methods</h3> We collected serum from 45 untreated AS patients and 45 healthy volunteers. And we cultured MG63 with the serum mentioned above for two days. We also added meloxicam to MG63 after it cultured with serum from AS patients for an other day. We used western blot to detect the protein expression of active β-catenin. And we used realtime polymerase chain reaction to detect gene expression of PPARD, FOSL1, MMP7, OPG and RANKL in MG63. <h3>Results</h3> Cultured with serum from AS patients, the protein expression of active β-catenin and gene expression of PPARD, FOSL1, MMP7, OPG, RANKL in MG63 were all higher than that cultured with serum from healthy subjects (all p&lt;0.05). While adding meloxicam subsequently, the expression of active β-catenin and PPARD, FOSL1, MMP7, OPG, and RANKL in MG63 dropped significantly (all p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Serum from AS patients could activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway in MG63 and Meloxicam can inhibit this activation. <h3>References</h3> Daoussis D, Liossis SN, Solomou EE, et al. Evidence that Dkk-1 is dysfunctional in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Jan;62(1):150-8. doi: 10.1002/art.27231. Dobbie Z, Muller PY, Heinimann K, et al. Expression of COX-2 and Wnt pathway genes in adenomas of familial adenomatous polyposis patients treated with meloxicam. Anticancer Res. 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):2215-20. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
RENDIMIENTO DE LA COLONOSCOPIA EN LA EXPLORACIÓN DE LAS PATOLOGÍAS DE LA REGIÓN ILEOCECAL
Authors: S Oussama, M Tahiri, H Lahlou, F Haddad, W Hliwa, A Bellabah, W Badre
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La región ileocecal, es una zona de intersección entre el intestino delgado y el colon, con particularidades anatómicas e histológicas. Puede ser afectada por numerosas patologías inflamatorias, infecciosas, tumorales. Radiología y ileocolonoscopia, permiten un análisis preciso de la región y aumentan el rendimiento diagnóstico.