tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tumor of the Carotid Body
Authors: Horace K. Sowles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

THERE is nothing new to be said in regard to tumors of the carotid body. The only excuse for presenting this subject to the surgical profession is a plea for a correct preoperative diagnosis. If this is made, it may well be possible to reduce the rather high mortality that has accompanied the surgical cure of this lesion.The correct diagnosis should not be too difficult provided that one considers carotid-body tumor in the differential diagnosis. The only difficulty has been that this condition is not frequently encountered, and that therefore one fails to give it consideration.The carotid body . . .
Case 33-1997
Authors: John C. Wain, Eugene J.. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Presentation of CaseA 75-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of chest pain, hemoptysis, and a pulmonary lesion.The patient had been well until four months earlier, when he began to have left-sided posterior pleuritic chest pain, which was more severe when he was supine, was unrelated to external pressure or movement, and was unaccompanied by a cough. During a golfing trip, the pain became more severe, and bouts of hemoptysis subsequently occurred, with the expectoration of 120 ml of blood mixed with mucus two or three times daily for three days. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of . . .
THE FORTY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
18F-FDG PET/CT and Contrast-Enhanced CT of Primary Malignant Tracheal Tumor
Authors: Si-yun Wang, Shu-Xia Wang, Ji-qin Liao, Gang Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Purpose Primary malignant tracheal tumors are rare, and their clinical presentation often resembles other diseases of the respiratory system. This study summarized 18F-FDG PET/CT and CE-CT findings on histologically confirmed primary malignant tracheal tumors in 13 patients. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed the 18F-FDG PET/CT and CE-CT findings of 13 patients with histologically confirmed primary tumors who had undergone PET/CT and CE-CT in the same session. The following parameters were recorded: SUVmax; SUVmax lesion/background; location, size and attenuation of the mass; mediastinal invasion; and the presence of metastases. Clinical data, bronchial endoscopy results, and surgical and histopathological findings were also collected. Results Tracheal soft tissue lesions with increased 18F-FDG uptake were observed in all patients. Five squamous cell carcinomas, 5 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 2 adenocarcinomas, and 1 mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor were histopathologically observed. The maximum SUV of the malignant tracheal tumors ranged from 2.7 to 20.5 (mean ± SD, 6.8 ± 4.8; median, 5.7). All SUVmax lesion values were greater than 2.5. Homogeneous enhancement was observed in all lesions, with three exhibiting evident enhancement, nine demonstrating moderate enhancement, and one showing mild enhancement. Conclusions The presence of a tracheal soft tissue mass with increased 18F-FDG uptake is highly suggestive of a malignant tracheal tumor. 18F-FDG PET/CT and CE-CT can clearly demonstrate such a tumor’s function and anatomical characteristics.
Clinical Outcome of De Novo Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) with 11q23/Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL) Gene Rearrangements
Authors: Talha Badar, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Elias Jabbour, Rebecca Garris, Naveen Pemmaraju, Naval Daver, Farhad Ravandi, Jorge Cortes, Deborah A. Thomas
Journal: Blood (2014)
Long-Term Treatment of Acromegaly with the Somatostatin Analogue SMS 201–995
Authors: Steven W.J. Lamberts, Piet Uitterlinden, Louis Verschoor, Krijn J. van Dongen, Emilio del Pozo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We treated four patients with acromegaly for 8 to 24 weeks with SMS 201-995, the long-acting somatostatin analogue, in dosages of 100 to 300 micrograms a day given subcutaneously. A rapid amelioration of the clinical signs and symptoms and near normalization of laboratory test results occurred in all patients. Mean plasma growth hormone concentrations (+/- S.E.M.), as measured over 24 hours, fell from an initial value of 57 +/- 18 micrograms per liter to 7.5 +/- 2 micrograms per liter at the end of the investigational period. Likewise, levels of plasma somatomedin-C, which were originally elevated in all patients, dropped to the normal or nearly normal range. The suppression of insulin secretion and the resulting hyperglycemia that were observed at the beginning of treatment became less marked as therapy progressed. There was evidence of slight tumor shrinkage in three of the subjects. No side effects were recorded throughout the treatment period. These preliminary results suggest that SMS 201-995 represents an additional option for the management of acromegaly, especially in patients who do not benefit sufficiently from surgery or radiotherapy and do not respond well to treatment with dopaminergic drugs.
Case 31-2008
Authors: Peter A. Merkel, David McCarty, Amita Sharma, James R. Stone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 39-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of chest pain, arthralgias, and a mediastinal mass. He had had pericarditis 1 year earlier and optic neuritis 5 years earlier. On examination, the first heart sound was absent, the second was loud with a prominent split, and there was a new systolic ejection murmur at the left upper sternal border. Imaging showed an infiltrative mediastinal mass surrounding the aorta and narrowing the lumen of the main and right pulmonary arteries.
Efficacy of a phase II vaccine targeting <i>Cytomegalovirus</i> antigens in newly diagnosed GBM
Authors: D. Mitchell, G. E. Archer, D. D. Bigner, H. S. Friedman, D. Lally-Goss, J. E. Herndon, S. McGehee, R. McLendon, D. A. Reardon, J. H. Sampson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

2042 Background: Conventional therapies for GBM fail to target tumor cells exclusively. Immunologic targeting of tumor-specific proteins may allow more precise eradication of neoplastic cells. The discovery (Cobbs, Harkins et al. 2002) and recent confirmation (Mitchell, Xie et al. 2007) that GBM, but not surrounding normal brain tissue, serves as a refuge for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation provides an unparalleled opportunity to subvert, as tumor-specific antigens, the highly-immunogenic viral proteins expressed by CMV. Methods: A phase II randomized, prospective clinical trial was undertaken to assess the immunogenicity and efficacy of targeting the immunodominant CMV integument protein, pp65, in patients with newly-diagnosed GBM using pp65-RNA transfected dendritic cells (DCs). After resection and radiation with concurrent TMZ (75mg/m2/d), patients received subsequent monthly cycles of TMZ (200 mg/m2) simultaneous with intradermal vaccinations and were randomized to receive an autologous lymphocyte transfusion (ALT) (3x107/Kg) prior to vaccination. Subjects received vaccinations until there was evidence of tumor progression or death. Results: 21 patients were consented. 5 progressed during radiotherapy. There were no vaccine-related, reportable SAEs. TMZ therapy, however, induced grade 3 lymphopenia (500 cells/mL) in 70% of patients after the first TMZ cycle. After TMZ, immunosuppressive regulatory T cell (TReg) (CD4+CD25++CD45RO+CD127- FOXP3+) levels increased from 5.2% (3.3–7.5) to 11.8% (6.9–13.8) (P=0.0004; paired t-test). One nearly complete response was observed. Median PFS was 12.5 months (CI95: 10.0, ∞). Overall median survival is undefined, but is >19.7 months. The group randomized to receive ALT has a significantly worse median survival (P=0.0354; log-rank). CMV-specific polyfunctional cellular and humoral immune responses are under evaluation, but preliminary results show that patients with GBM have CMV-specific immunologic deficiencies. Conclusions: CMV proteins may serve as novel, tumor-specific targets for immunotherapy in patients with GBM. Immunotherapy targeting CMV pp65 may improve survival and should be evaluated in randomized phase III trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
High Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity By Analysis of IgE to Different Types of Gliadins When Evaluating Wheat Allergy in Children
Authors: Sigrid Sjolander, Nora Nilsson, Helena Ekoff, Sandra Wieser, Gunilla Hedlin, Rudolf Valenta, Magnus P. Borres, Caroline Nilsson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Absolute Benefit of Adjuvant Endocrine Therapies for Premenopausal Women With Hormone Receptor–Positive, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Negative Early Breast Cancer: TEXT and SOFT Trials
Authors: Meredith M. Regan, Prudence A. Francis, Olivia Pagani, Gini F. Fleming, Barbara A. Walley, Giuseppe Viale, Marco Colleoni, István Láng, Henry L. Gómez, Carlo Tondini, Graziella Pinotti, Karen N. Price, Alan S. Coates, Aron Goldhirsch, Richard D. Gelber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Risk of recurrence is the primary consideration in breast cancer adjuvant therapy recommendations. The TEXT (Tamoxifen and Exemestane Trial) and SOFT (Suppression of Ovarian Function Trial) trials investigated adjuvant endocrine therapies for premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, testing exemestane plus ovarian function suppression (OFS), tamoxifen plus OFS, and tamoxifen alone. We examined absolute treatment effect across a continuum of recurrence risk to individualize endocrine therapy decision making for premenopausal women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) -negative disease.The TEXT and SOFT hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative analysis population included 4,891 women. The end point was breast cancer-free interval (BCFI), defined as time from random assignment to first occurrence of invasive locoregional, distant, or contralateral breast cancer. A continuous, composite measure of recurrence risk for each patient was determined from a Cox model incorporating age, nodal status, tumor size and grade, and estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67 expression levels. Subpopulation treatment effect pattern plot methodology revealed differential treatment effects on 5-year BCFI according to composite risk.SOFT patients who remained premenopausal after chemotherapy experienced absolute improvement of 5% or more in 5-year BCFI with exemestane plus OFS versus tamoxifen plus OFS or tamoxifen alone, reaching 10% to 15% at intermediate to high composite risk; the benefit of tamoxifen plus OFS versus tamoxifen alone was apparent at the highest composite risk. The SOFT no-chemotherapy cohort-for whom composite risk was lowest on average-did well with all endocrine therapies. For TEXT patients, the benefit of exemestane plus OFS versus tamoxifen plus OFS in 5-year BCFI ranged from 5% to 15%; patients not receiving chemotherapy and with lowest composite risk did well with both treatments.Premenopausal women with hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative disease and high recurrence risk, as defined by clinicopathologic characteristics, may experience improvement of 10% to 15% in 5-year BCFI with exemestane plus OFS versus tamoxifen alone. An improvement of at least 5% may be achieved for women at intermediate risk, and improvement is minimal for those at lowest risk.
Deficiencies of Coagulation-Inhibiting and Fibrinolytic Proteins in Outpatients with Deep-Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Harriët Heijboer, Desiderius P.M. Brandjes, Harry R. Büller, Augueste Sturk, Jan Wouter ten Cate
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Isolated deficiencies of antithrombin III, protein C, protein S, and plasminogen have been implicated as a cause of deep-vein thrombosis. It is assumed that patients with recurrent, familial, or juvenile thrombosis are very likely to have such a deficiency.
Elevated Histaminase Activity in Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland
Authors: Stephen B. Baylin, Michael A. Beaven, Karl Engelman, Albert Sjoerdsma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Elevated levels of histaminase activity were found in the serum of four patients with metastatic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland, and high activity of this enzyme was observed in each of 10 medullary-carcinoma tissue specimens from seven patients. The elevated enzyme activity appeared to be specific to histaminase since the activity of other amine oxidases was not increased in serum or tissue. In two patients with metastatic medullary carcinoma a total inhibition of serum histaminase activity was achieved with oral doses of aminoguanidine sulfate; the long duration of drug effect suggested irreversible inhibition of the enzyme. Measurements of histaminase activity afford a possible new diagnostic approach to this type of thyroid carcinoma and may provide a means for following the course of the disease.
An Improved Test for Bilirubin in Urine
Authors: Gerald Klatskin, Luitgard Bungards
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IN the development of new methods for detecting bilirubin in urine technical simplicity has generally been sacrificed for increased sensitivity and specificity. As a consequence many clinicians, for lack of time and laboratory facilities, have continued to use the less complicated, but relatively crude, methods of the past. There is still a need, therefore, for a test that combines simplicity of technic with maximum sensitivity and specificity. Notable progress has been made along these lines in recent years, but none of the simple methods devised have achieved the sensitivity of the more elaborate procedures.The most sensitive methods depend on . . .
Treatment of Two Cases of Hyperglobulinemic Purpura with Thioguanine
Authors: Harvey J. Weiss, D. Joseph Demis, Mervyn L. Elgart, Crawford S. Brown, William H. Crosby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE occurrence of hyperglobulinemia and purpura was first reported by Waldenström.1 , 2 The increased gamma globulin is of the 7S type and, unlike myeloma globulin, shows a broad base on paper electrophoresis. Numerous other cases, recently reviewed by Strauss,3 have since been reported. In some, an underlying disease such as sarcoid, lupus erythematosus and Sjögren's syndrome was present, but more often no underlying disease was found. The condition usually begins insidiously with occasional attacks of purpura on the distal lower extremities. Over several years the attacks usually become more frequent, and eventually the purpura may involve an entire lower extremity and, . . .
Case 7-2000
Authors: Ira A. Oliff, Carolyn C. Compton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Presentation of CaseA 23-year-old man was examined because of severe anemia, low-grade fever, and bloody diarrhea.The patient had been well until two months earlier, when fatigue developed. Three weeks later he came to this hospital because of increasing fatigue, a sore throat, and mild fever. The patient worked in a professional position. He had a history of chronic ear infections, which had begun in childhood; the most recent episode had occurred three years earlier. A heart murmur had been heard when he was 11 years old. He had no history of recent dental procedures, risk factors for human . . .
Electrocardiographic Abnormalities and Coronary Arteriograms in the Mitral Click-Murmur Syndrome
Authors: Henry P. Lobstein, Lawrence D. Horwitz, George C. Curry, Charles B. Mullins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract Ischemic electrocardiographic changes are frequently associated with a mid-systolic click and late systolic murmur. Neither the cause of these electrocardiographic changes nor the natural history of patients with this syndrome has been determined. Five patients with the auscultatory findings of the mitral click syndrome, as well as ischemic electrocardiographic changes, were studied because coronary-artery anomalies or disease was suspected. Phonocardiograms were obtained with patient supine and upright, and during amyl nitrite inhalation, Valsalva maneuver and phasic respiration. Four of five graded bicycle exercise tests were normal, and there were no arrhythmias. At catheterization, prolapsed posterior-mitral-valve leaflets and normal coronary arteriograms were found in all five patients. Repeat catheterizations in two patients spanning five and eight years revealed mild progression in severity of the mitral-valve prolapse. In patients with mitral-valve prolapse the associated ischemic...
143PD: Bevacizumab and pemetrexed versus pemetrexed alone as maintenance therapy for patients with advanced nonsquamous NSCLC: Results of the expanded SAKK19/09 trial
Authors: O. Gautschi, Q. Li, K. Matter-Walstra, D. Betticher, M. Frueh, D. Rauch, M. Pless, P. Froesch, N. Mach, A. Ochsenbein
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
P178 Ambulatory care of primary spontaneous pneumothorax with a Pneumostat device – cost effective and safe
Authors: M Samuel, P Sivakumar, A West
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> A Heimlich Valve attached to an intercostal drain facilitates the ambulatory management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and in selected individuals permits outpatient care. We have 3 years of experience in doing this with Atrium's <i>Pneumostat</i> device. We ascertained the safety and cost effectiveness of this ambulatory pathway. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a retrospective evaluation of all patients presenting with a PSP from March 2013 to December 2014. Data was collected on management, length of stay (LOS) and complications. Outpatients with a <i>Pneumostat</i> are advised to attend the chest clinic 24 h after bubbling stops for review for drain removal, or earlier if any concerns. Medical bed days saved was calculated as time at home with the device <i>in situ</i>, as standard BTS care would require an inpatient stay with a drainage bottle. <h3>Results</h3> 73 patients presented with a PSP. 34 patients required chest tube drainage, 24 of which were managed as an outpatient with a <i>Pneumostat</i>. The median LOS in the outpatient group was 1.0 day (IQR 0.0–2.0 days) vs 3.5 days (IQR 1.3–7.0 days) in the inpatient group. A total of 98 bed days were saved using the device. Based on a cost of £25.70 per <i>Pneumostat</i> and £312 per bed day, the overall saving was £29,959.20. Patients who required thoracic surgery were kept on the "inpatient waiting list" and could be admitted directly from home. In the outpatient group, there was 1 drain site infection, 1 drain displacement and 1 patient failed to attend follow-up but returned a week later with a resolved pneumothorax. <h3>Conclusion</h3> <i>Pneumostat</i> devices have recently been withdrawn from use in the United States by FDA decree. Although legal in the UK and supported by the MHRA, a Certificate of Medical Necessity is required to purchase the devices and there is no alternative "all-in-one" solution that attaches to a standard chest drain. Our data shows that this device is safe in uncomplicated PSP and confers significant financial savings. These benefits should not be overlooked and a consensus statement is required to ensure their continued use in the UK.
Type B Hepatitis: The Infectivity of Blood Positive for E Antigen and DNA Polymerase after Accidental Needlestick Exposure
Authors: Harvey J. Alter, Leonard B. Seeff, Paul M. Kaplan, Vincent J. McAuliffe, Elizabeth C. Wright, John L. Gerin, Robert H. Purcell, Paul V. Holland, Hyman J. Zimmerman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

To determine the relation between the presence of donor DNA polymerase and e antigen, and recipient hepatitis, we tested, under code, serums from a controlled trial of hepatitis B immune globulin used to treat individuals accidentally inoculated with HBs Ag-positive blood. All recipients lacked antibody to HBs Ag. In 29 of 31 donors, both polymerase and e were in perfect agreement; both demonstrated a highly significant correlation with recipient hepatitis (P less than 0.001). DNA polymerase/e-negative blood did not cause hepatitis. Blood containing polymerase or e antigen did not cause hepatitis in six of 31 and four of 18 recipients, respectively. Hepatitis did not correlate with transaminase or duration of antigenemia in the donor. Polymerase and e appear to be indicators of the relative infectivity of HBs Ag-positive serum, particularly after small-volume exposure. They may be important determinants in assessing infectivity of chronic carriers of HBs Ag and in evaluating efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin and hepatitis B vaccines.
Neuroendocrine effects of intravenous clomipramine in depressed patients and healthy subjects
Authors: R N Golden, D Ekstrom, T M Brown, R Ruegg, D L Evans, J J Haggerty, J C Garbutt, C A Pedersen, G A Mason, J Browne
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Neuroendocrine challenge paradigms have been used to asses serotonergic systems in depression, but limitations in the specificity of many of these tests have been noted. In this study, the neuroendocrine responses to acute intravenous administration of the serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitor clomipramine were assessed in depressed patients and matched control subjects.Thirty hospitalized patients who met DSM-III-R criteria for major depression, and 30 healthy control subjects who were matched for age, sex, and season of year for the time of study, received 12.5 mg of intravenously administered clomipramine.The depressed patients demonstrated significant blunting of prolactin responses to clomipramine, as well as trends toward blunted ACTH and cortisol responses. There was no difference between the patient and control groups in growth hormone responses, plasma clomipramine levels, or self-reports of side effects.These data support the hypothesis that depressed patients have abnormal neuroendocrine responses to the intravenous administration of the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor clomipramine. Further study is required to delineate the mechanisms responsible for the abnormal response to intravenously administered clomipramine in depression.
Elevated Plasma and Tissue Levels of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in the Watery-Diarrhea Syndrome Due to Pancreatic, Bronchogenic and Other Tumors
Authors: Sami I. Said, Gerald R. Faloona, Shirley Harvey, Hyacinth Deon, Wallace T. Ford
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Elevated Plasma and Tissue Levels of Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in the Watery-Diarrhea Syndrome Due to Pancreatic, Bronchogenic and Other Tumors