tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3588: Common and different effects induced in primary human mesothelial cells and mice exposed to chrysotile or crocidolite asbestos.
Authors: Fang Qi, Gordon Okimoto, Sandro Jube, Harvey I. Pass, Rozalia Laczko, Richard M. DeMay, Ghazal Khan, Maarit Tiirikainen, Haining Yang, Giovanni Gaudino, Michele Carbone
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Crocidolite is considered the most oncogenic asbestos type. Chrysotile accounts for &amp;gt;90% of asbestos used worldwide, however its capacity to induce MM is still debated. We linked crocidolite carcinogenesis to the release of High-Mobility Group Box-1 protein (HMGB1) and activation of downstream genes (TNF-α and NF-κB). We compared the carcinogenicity of crocidolite and chrysotile in primary human mesothelial cells (HM). Microarray analyses of HM exposed to crocidolite or chrysotile identified 57 genes that were significantly induced or repressed. Forty-eight hours after exposure we observed induction of HMGB1 and NF-κB targeted genes and E-cadherin and SFRP4 down-regulation. In vitro, both crocidolite and chrysotile induced HMGB1 and TNF-α secretion, induced β-catenin nuclear translocation and caused HM death and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in surviving cells. Five weeks from exposure these effects were sustained in HM exposed to crocidolite; the expression of these genes had returned to normal in HM exposed to chrysotile. Soon after injection, serum HMGB1 levels were elevated in mice injected with either crocidolite or chrysotile, and remained elevated 10 weeks post-injection only in mice injected with crocidolite. Our results show that chrysotile induces the same intracellular signaling elicited by crocidolite, however these effects are transient. Accordingly, HM exposure to chrysotile in the presence of TNF-α or in co-culture with macrophages, induced foci formation with a lower transforming efficiency compared to crocidolite. Citation Format: Fang Qi, Gordon Okimoto, Sandro Jube, Harvey I. Pass, Rozalia Laczko, Richard M. DeMay, Ghazal Khan, Maarit Tiirikainen, Haining Yang, Giovanni Gaudino, Michele Carbone. Common and different effects induced in primary human mesothelial cells and mice exposed to chrysotile or crocidolite asbestos. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3588. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3588
DIAGNÓSTICO ECOENDOSCÓPICO DE 77 CASOS DE LESIONES SUBEPITELIALES GASTROINTESTINALES EN EL HOSPITAL “12 OCTUBRE” DE MADRID.
Authors: A González, M Ortiz, M Pérez-Carreras, J Díaz-Tasende, A Pérez Barrios, M Calvo, JM Dutari, S Rodríguez, G Castellano-Tortajada
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: La ecoendoscopia o ultrasonografía endoscópica (USE) permite definir con alta resolución las 5 capas de la pared del tubo digestivo, establecer un diagnóstico de presunción de las lesiones subepiteliales (LSE) y obtener un diagnóstico citológico mediante punción-aspiración con aguja fina (USE-PAAF). Objetivo: Determinar las LSE del tracto gastrointestinal superior (TGIS) identificadas desde la implantación de la USE en nuestro hospital y analizar la utilidad de la USE-PAAF en estas lesiones. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo de las LSE del TGIS estudiadas por USE entre diciembre-2008 y septiembre-2011 en nuestro centro. Se analizaron: tamaño, localización, diagnóstico de presunción y citológico. Resultados: Se incluyeron 77 LSE de 573 USE (13.5%). El tamaño medio fue 15,5±12,5mm; 66% (51/77) dependían del estómago, 18% (14/77) del duodeno y 16% (12/77) del esófago; los diagnósticos de presunción fueron: 18/77 (23%) leiomioma, 11/77 (15%) páncreas aberrantes y 8/77 (10%) lipomas; el resto fueron LSE indeterminadas (40/77; 52%); se localizaban en la submucosa el 48% (37/77), en la muscular propia el 28% (21/77) y el 24% en las capas superficiales (19/77). Se realizó USE-PAAF en 14/77 LSE (18%), con los siguientes resultados: negativo para malignidad en 4 (29%), 3 tumores mesenquimales (22%), 2páncreas aberrantes (14%), 1 lipoma (7%), 1 linfangioma (7%) y 1 muestra con atipias (7%). No se obtuvo material representativo en 2/14 casos (14%). No se observaron complicaciones. Conclusiones: 1. Las LSE constituyen el 13.5% de los diagnósticos por USE en nuestro hospital; 2. La mayoría de las LSE se localizan en el estómago y dependen de la submucosa; 3. En la mitad de los casos la USE permite establecer un diagnóstico de presunción; 4. La USE-PAAF ayuda al diagnóstico de las LSE en el 86% de los casos. Esta información puede ser útil en el manejo terapéutico y de seguimiento de estas lesiones.
FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE (FFR) VERSUS ANGIOGRAPHY IN GUIDING MANAGEMENT TO OPTIMIZE OUTCOMES IN NON-ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (FAMOUS - NSTEMI) HEALTH ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Authors: Julian Nam, Andrew Briggs, Jamie Layland, Keith Oldroyd, Nick Curzen, Arvind Sood, Kanarath Balachandran, Rajiv Das, Shahid Junejo, Hany Eteiba, Mark Petrie, Stuart Watkins, Simon Corbett, Brian O’Rourke, Anna O’Donnell, Alex McConnachie, Robert Henderson, Mitchell Lindsay, Colin Berry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A Controlled Trial of Prophylactic Portacaval-Shunt Surgery
Authors: Arthur J. Garceau, Robert M. Donaldson, Edward T. O'Hara, Allan D. Callow, Hugo Muench, Thomas C. Chalmers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PATIENTS with cirrhosis and varices often die after esophageal hemorrhage. In a retrospective analysis of the records of 106 patients appearing in the years 1918–1938 only 30 per cent survived for a year after esophageal hemorrhage.1 Replacement of massive blood loss, tamponade tubes, icewater lavage, emergency surgery and other measures have become common practice since 1938; yet a similar analysis of 102 veterans treated in the years 1946–1956 showed only a 31 per cent survival at one year,2 and the recent experience of the Boston Inter-Hospital Liver Group is that this figure remains unchanged.There have been only a few . . .
War, Drought, Malnutrition, Measles — A Report from Somalia
Authors: Jean-Clement Cabrol
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

favor increased federal spending on health care (22% vs. 56%) and scientific research (28% vs. 46%) (Pew Research Center 2011).This analysis suggests that if the leaders of the two political parties focus mostly on responding to their own adherents' views, their differences could affect future federal funding for embryonic stem-cell research, depending on the outcome of the 2012 election.Alternatively, if they focus their policy positions more on the views of the broader U.S.
SAT0397 High bone turnover assessed by 18F-fluoride PET/CT in the spine of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: No redundancy to inflammatory lesions detected by whole body MRI
Authors: D.R. Fischer, C.W. Pfirrmann, V. Zubler, K.D. Stumpe, B. Seifert, K. Strobel, G. Tamborrini, G.K. von Schulthess, B.A. Michel, A. Ciurea
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The current paradigm of radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis involves resolution of an inflammatory lesion and its replacement by fat tissue followed by cartilage metaplasia and endochondral ossification. However, syndesmophytes may also develop at sites without inflammation on baseline and follow up MRI, potentially through noninflammatory pathways. High bone turnover assessed by nuclear medicine methods may detect osteoproliferative processes regardless of their inflammatory or noninflammatory origin. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the frequency and distribution of increased activity on <sup>18</sup>F-fluoride PET/CT with the presence of bone marrow edema on whole body MR imaging in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis. <h3>Methods</h3> 10 patients (6 men and 4 women, between 32 and 58 years old (median 44) with active ankylosing spondylitis were prospectively examined with both whole-body MRI and <sup>18</sup>F-Fluoride-PET/CT. Patients fulfilled the modified New York criteria for ankylosing spondylitis and had a Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index of at least 4. Increased radiotracer uptake in PET/CT and bone marrow edema in whole body MRI of spine and sacroiliac joints were scored independently by two blinded observers for each modality. Kappa statistics were used to analyze interobserver agreement as well as consensus reading of the two imaging modalities. <h3>Results</h3> Analysis of interobserver agreement for PET/CT yielded a kappa value of 0.68 for spinal lesions and of 0.88 for SIJ lesions. The corresponding kappa values for MRI were 0.64 and 0.93 respectively. More spinal lesions were detected by MRI in comparison to PET/CT (68 vs. 38 out of 240), whereas a similar number of SIJ quadrants scored positive in both modalities (19 vs. 17 out of 80). Analysis of agreement of lesion detection between both imaging modalities yielded a kappa value of only 0.25 for spinal lesions and of 0.64 for SIJ lesions. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased 18F-fluoride uptake in PET/CT correlates only modestly with bone marrow edema on MRI in the spine of patients with AS. The additional information provided by F-PET/CT imaging may complement MRI for disease assessment and prediction of spinal radiological progression. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Interactions between Cardiac Pacemakers and Antishoplifting Security Systems
Authors: Michael E. McIvor, S. Sridhar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

tricular oversensing); and system-induced pacing (direct induction of a current in the pacemaker lead by the magnetic field, resulting in extrasystoles).The case illustrates that atrial oversensing, at least, can occur under real-world conditions.We are also aware of the rare occurrence of syncopal episodes in patients with pacemakers who are exposed to acoustomagnetic gates.Patients with pacemakers, particularly those who are dependent on them, should take care to minimize their contact with acoustomagnetic systems by passing quickly through the gates.Even so, symptomatic but brief interactions can still occur.Newer systems can be unobtrusive, located behind walls or beneath flooring, thus making it difficult for patients to know when they are in the magnetic fields of these systems.The labeling of areas within such strong magnetic fields should be considered to warn patients with pacemakers and to prevent clinically important interactions.
Rapid-Rate Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia Found on Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Interrogation
Authors: Jay Chen, George Johnson, Anne S. Hellkamp, Jill Anderson, Daniel B. Mark, Kerry L. Lee, Gust H. Bardy, Jeanne E. Poole
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Systematic review of efficacy of anti–tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in patients with psoriasis previously treated with a different anti–TNF agent
Authors: Paul S. Yamauchi, Robert Bissonnette, Henrique D. Teixeira, Wendell C. Valdecantos
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists have improved outcomes for patients with psoriasis, but some patients are unresponsive to treatment (primary failure) or lose an initially effective response (secondary failure).We sought to systematically investigate the efficacy and safety of a second TNF antagonist after failure of a first TNF antagonist.Published primary studies evaluating the efficacy of switching TNF antagonists after failure were systematically extracted.Fifteen studies were included. Although response rates to a second TNF antagonist were lower than for a first, a substantial proportion of patients in every study achieved treatment success. Week-24 response rates for a second antagonist were 30% to 74% for a 75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score and 20% to 70% for achieving a Physician Global Assessment score of 0/1; mean improvements in Dermatology Life Quality Index ranged from -3.5 to -13. In general, patients who experienced secondary failure achieved better responses than patients with primary failure. Adverse event incidences ranged from 20% to 71%, without unexpected adverse events; 0% to 11% of patients experienced serious adverse events.There was no common definition of treatment failure across these studies of varied design.Some patients benefit from switching to a second TNF antagonist after failure of a first TNF antagonist, with improved quality of life.
Decreased Binding of Insulin to Its Receptor in Patients with Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy
Authors: Svein Oseid, Henning Beck-Nielsen, Oluf Pedersen, Oddmund Søvik
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy are extremely insulin resistant. To ascertain whether this resistance is due to an insulin receptor defect, we tested four young patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy and seven healthy persons of comparable age for the binding of 125I insulin to mononuclear leukocytes isolated from peripheral blood. Mononuclear leukocytes from patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy bound significantly less insulin than cells from normal subjects (P less than 0.01). When patients with lipodystrophy fasted for 60 hours, the insulin binding increased. Altered insulin receptors may be responsible for the pronounced insulin resistance and the decreased synthesis of triglycerides in congenital generalized lipodystrophy.
Abstract 1557: Corticorelin acetate exhibits preclinical antitumor activity, alone and with bevacizumab, against human brain tumor models
Authors: Maria I. Gamez, Robert P. Ryan, Stephen T. Keir
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Corticorelin acetate is a synthetic form of corticotropin-releasing factor undergoing clinical trials in the treatment of peritumoral brain edema. We investigated preclinically its potential as an antitumor agent against orthotopically implanted human brain tumors, and its ability to enhance the therapeutic activity of bevacizumab in one of these models. Intracranial (ic) tumor transplantation into the right cerebrum was performed using two patient-derived human tumor xenografts: D-341MED pediatric medulloblastoma and D-456MG pediatric multiforme glioblastoma. Mice were randomized 3 days after ic tumor implantation at which time all treatments were begun. Corticorelin acetate was administered at 0.1 and/or 0.2 mg mg/kg/dose, sc, twice daily (bid) depending upon the experiment. Bevacizumab was administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally (ip), twice weekly. Treatments were continued until a median day of death was reached for each group. In both studies antitumor effects were evaluated based on a survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier). In the D-341MED, comparing treatments vs control, the low dose corticorelin acetate produced a 56% increase in life span (ILS) (p&amp;lt;0.001); the higher dose of corticorelin acetate yielded a 20% ILS which was also statistically different than the control group (p&amp;lt;0.05). In the D-456MG ic-implanted tumor experiment, corticorelin acetate (0.2 mg/kg/dose, bid, sc) achieved a 42% ILS (p&amp;lt;0.001) while bevacizumab produced a 64% ILS (p&amp;lt;0.001). When the two drugs on these same regimens were applied in combination, the resulting ILS of 92% (p&amp;lt;0.001 versus control) represented a therapeutic enhancement that was statistically different (p&amp;lt;0.05) from either solo drug treatment. Conclusion: Corticorelin acetate significantly increased the lifespan of mice implanted orthotopically with two different pediatric brain tumor models. In the D-456MG model, in which corticorelin acetate and bevacizumab were evaluated, the combination produced a therapeutic outcome superior to that found using either of the two agents alone. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1557.
Coronary Vasoconstrictor Effect of Indomethacin in Patients with Coronary-Artery Disease
Authors: Peter L. Friedman, Edward J. Brown, Stephen Gunther, R. Wayne Alexander, William H. Barry, Gilbert H. Mudge, William Grossman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Prostaglandins may be important regulators of coronary blood flow. To investigate this possibility, we studied the effect of blockade of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin in nine patients with coronary-artery disease. Coronary-sinus blood flow (determined with the thermodilution technique) was recorded, together with mean arterial blood pressure and the myocardial arteriovenous oxygen difference from simultaneously obtained arterial and coronary-sinus blood samples, before and 20 minutes after an intravenous dose of indomethacin (0.5 mg per kilogram of body weight). There were significant increases (P less than 0.05) in mean arterial pressure (from 99 +/- 4 to 118 +/- 5 mm Hg [+/- S.E.M.]), coronary vascular resistance (+73 per cent), and myocardial arteriovenous oxygen difference (from 107 +/- 5 to 138 +/- 4 ml per liter) after indomethacin, but coronary blood flow fell significantly, from 181 +/- 29 to 111 +/- 14 ml per minute (P less than 0.05). Thus, despite an increase in myocardial oxygen demand, coronary blood flow fell and coronary vascular resistance increased. This coronary vasoconstrictor effect may have been due to blockade of vasodilatory prostaglandin synthesis or to a direct drug effect. Whatever the mechanism, indomethacin should be used with caution in patients with severe coronary-artery disease.
ORAL ANTICOAGULANT SELECTION IN COMMUNITY PATIENTS WITH NEW-ONSET ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: RESULTS FROM THE ORBIT-AF II REGISTRY
Authors: Benjamin Steinberg, Peter Shrader, Laine Thomas, Gregg Fonarow, Elaine Hylek, Jack Ansell, Peter Kowey, Bernard Gersh, Kenneth Mahaffey, Alan S. Go, Emily O'Brien, Daniel Singer, Eric Peterson, Jonathan Piccini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Addition of 2 cycles of EP (Etoposide + Cisplatin) to the 4 cycles of adjuvant AC (doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide) improves the survival in node positive patients with breast cancer after 10 years
Authors: F. Icli, H. Akbulut, D. Dincol, H. Onur, A. Demirkazik, R. Cam, F. Cay, S. Demirci, A. Uner, S. Erekul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

554 Background: In this study we present the updated 10-year results of our randomized trial, assessing the efficacy of 2 cycles of adjuvant etoposide + cisplatin (EP) combination following 4 cycles of standard doxorubicin (Adriamycin) + cyclophosphamide (AC) in premenapausal patients with operable breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis. Methods: Premenopausal patients with positive axillary lymph nodes following curative modified radical mastectomy were randomized to either 4 cycles of AC (Adriamycin + Cyclophosphamide) or 4 cycles of AC + 2 cycles of EP (Etoposide + Cisplatin) from May 1992 to May 1996. The doses were as follows: Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 iv, adriamycin 60 mg/m2 iv, Etoposid 100 mg/d x 5 days iv, and cisplatinum 20 mg/m2/d x 5 days iv.Chemotherapy was repeated every 3 weeks. Results: One hundred and sixty five patients were enrolled (82 randomized to AC, 83 to AC + EP). Four patients from AC+EP group and 1 from AC group were excluded because of stage IIIb or IV disease. One hundred and sixty patients were eligible. Patient characteristics including age, number of positive nodes, tumor size and estrogen receptor positivity for both groups were comparable. Median follow-up is 114 months. The 10-year overall survival for the AC+EP group was significantly better when compared to AC only group (58.2% vs 35.6%; p=0.004). Again, the 10 year disease-free survival of the whole group was in favor of AC+EP arm (42.6% vs 28.3%; p=0.070). Conclusions: In conclusion, 2 cycles of EP following 4 cycles of AC have significantly improved the survival of operable breast cancer patients with positive axillary lymph nodes. Detailed results of the trial will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD LOCATION IMPACTS LONG-TERM CLINICAL OUTCOME IN LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK PATIENTS
Authors: Valentina Kutyifa, Annamaria Kosztin, Helmut Klein, Scott McNitt, Attila Roka, Wojciech Zareba, Ilan Goldenberg, Arthur Moss, Bela Merkely, Jagmeet Singh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
GPs should have more oversight of out of hours care, say leaders
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2013)

General practitioners should have more of an oversight of out of hours services and work closer with local commissioners to ensure that the services provided are safe and of a good quality, doctors have told the government.

A panel of general practitioners and other healthcare staff met England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, on 6 and 7 August at what were described as two “roundtable” events to discuss how the care of vulnerable older people can be improved.

The discussions are part of the government’s ongoing “Right care, right place, right time” consultation, which closes on 27 September, to help inform future policy from the perspective of general practice.

Michael Dixon, chairman of the NHS Alliance, which represents primary …
Lack of Tocopherol in Peripheral Nerves of Vitamin E-Deficient Patients with Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Maret G. Traber, Ronald J. Sokol, Steven P. Ringel, Hans E. Neville, Cheryl A. Thellman, Herbert J. Kayden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Vitamin E deficiency is often associated with symptoms of a peripheral neuropathy. To evaluate whether vitamin E deficiency affects the vitamin E content of the peripheral nervous system, we measured the alpha-tocopherol content in biopsy specimens of sural nerve and adipose tissue from 5 patients with symptomatic vitamin E deficiency (2 with homozygous hypobetalipoproteinemia and 3 with familial isolated vitamin E deficiency) and 34 control patients with neurologic diseases without vitamin E deficiency. A significant reduction in tissue tocopherol content was present in the vitamin E–deficient patients, as compared with the controls, both in sural nerves (1.8±1.2 vs. 20±16 ng per microgram of cholesterol [P<0.001], or 7.7±5.4 vs. 64±44 ng per milligram of wet weight [P<0.01]) and in adipose tissue (46±43 vs. 222±111 ng per milligram of triglyceride [P<0.001]). Levels of tocopherol in adipose tissue were significantly correlated (P<0.001) with levels in peripheral nerves. The low tocopherol content of the nerves preceded histologic degeneration in three vitamin E–deficient patients, suggesting that the nerve injury resulted from the low nerve tocopherol content. (N Engl J Med 1987; 317: 262–5.)