tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-127 Microbiological assessment of ascitic fluid in liver disease: culture techniques, sensitivities and interpretation
Authors: D Sutherland, F Buckle, N Lachlan, U Altmeyer, M Priest, S Barclay, A Stanley, EH Forrest
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Diagnostic paracentesis is a routine procedure for the assessment ascitic patients and the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). It is recommended that samples are sent in blood culture bottles (BC) as well as universal containers (UC) for the best culture yield. However there is uncertainty regarding the significance of bacterascites (BA). We aimed to determine the culture yield of paired BC and UC samples and to assess outcome relative to the presence of SBP, BA or culture negative neutrocytic ascites (CNNA). <h3>Method</h3> This was a retrospective review of all the ascitic fluid samples sent for microbiology analysis in North Glasgow between November 2010 and December 2013. Measured white cell count (WCC) and bacterial cultures were noted. Positive samples were defined as follows: <b>BA</b>positive culture with WCC &lt;250; <b>CNNA</b>WCC &gt;250 but negative culture; <b>SBP</b>was positive culture with WCC &gt;250. Samples were classified on the basis of the initial sample or if &gt;3 months since the previous sample. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 4131 samples were received from patients with liver disease. Of these there were 1520 BC and UC paired cultures in 503 individual patients; the majority having alcoholic liver disease (74%). Pathogens were cultured in 118 paired samples: 47% only in BC; 34% in both BC and UC; 19% only in UC. Commensals were more common in UC: 72% compared with BC, 34%. 90 positive samples had had previous negative samples: 24 had negative samples less than 1 week prior to positive sample. 69% of pathogens cultured were sensitive to co-amoxiclav. BA and SBP were associated with a worse outcome compared with negative samples: HR 3.46 (2.0, 5.98); p &lt; 0.0001 and HR 0.082 (0.039, 0.175); p &lt; 0.0001 respectively. Culture of any pathogen was associated with a reduced 90 day survival compared with negative samples: HR 0.244 (0.159, 0.374); p &lt; 0.0001. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Both BC and UC samples yield relevant pathogen cultures and both should be requested for the best chance of a positive culture. BA is not a benign finding. Direct culture of any pathogen irrespective of WCC is associated with a worse 90 day outcome. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Is There a Difference in Diagnostic Accuracy and Clinical Impact between Endoscopic Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography?
Authors: A. Ainsworth, S. Rafaelsen, P. Wamberg, J. Durup, T. Pless, M. Mortensen
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Background and Study Aims: It is still unknown whether there is a difference in diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact between endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Patients and Methods: The test performance and potential clinical impact of EUS and MRCP, had each investigation been performed as the first examination method, were compared prospectively in 163 patients admitted for and examined by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Results: The accuracies of EUS and MRCP were 0.93 and 0.91, respectively (no significant difference, P > 0.05). Had EUS or MRCP been performed as the first investigation in the 75 patients who had a presumed high probability for needing therapeutic ERCP, only 15 and nine patients, respectively, would have avoided ERCP. In this group of patients, one patient needed other diagnostic investigations following EUS compared with 11 patients following MRCP (P = 0.004). For the 57 patients with an intermediate probability of needing endoscopic therapy, EUS and MRCP would have spared 37 and 38 patients, respectively, from the need to have an ERCP. In 31 patients with a presumed low risk of needing endoscopic therapy, 30 and 29 patients would have been spared from ERCP had EUS and MRCP, respectively, been performed initially. Conclusions: There was no difference in the diagnostic accuracy and clinical impact between EUS and MRCP in the majority of the patients. The impact of EUS or MRCP on the ERCP workload was highly dependent on the presumed probability of needing endoscopic therapy.
Gastrointestinal Complication of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Authors: Hamzeh M Halawani, Mohamed Khalife
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 48-year-old man known to have granulomatosis with polyangiitis was admitted for evaluation of an elevated blood creatinine level. Urinalysis was notable for 2+ protein. The patient, who was positive for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, had taken azathioprine for 7 years before presentation.
SP0096 Deutsche Rheuma-Liga Supporting People to Find their Way through the Health System
Authors: U. Faubel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> People with arthritis often do not receive optimum care and support due to difficulties in navigating the health care system in Germany. In Germany one of the main difficulties of the health system is a lack of cooperation between different health care providers. <h3>Objectives</h3> Deutsche Rheuma-Liga wants to provide information and advice for people with different levels of health literacy and different needs, offering a broad range of contact forms and different media. <h3>Methods</h3> Deutsche Rheuma-Liga provides information personally, on telephone helplines and on the internet. Information is provided by peers and specialized professional advice is offered regarding specific issues (legal, medical). For three years a project has been carried out on the national level providing an additional guiding service (Rheuma-Lotse) in two regional offices and a specialised guiding service for people with rare forms of arthritis. We offer written information in a wide range of print materials, in the internet, in social media and internet forums. Information is tailored to different age groups and to different levels of health literacy. A new line of leaflets provides information for people who are not able to read difficult and long texts. <h3>Results</h3> A member/nonmember survey showed that the members view Deutsche Rheuma-Liga as the second most important provider of information. Only the GP is considered even more important. However, Deutsche Rheuma-Liga has not yet reached a similar result with non-members. <h3>Conclusions</h3> More effort will be necessary to reach the general public and provide information about the many information and advice services to people who have not yet had contact with Deutsche Rheuma-Liga. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy allows successful endoscopic removal of a fractured stone basket trapped in the pancreatic duct
Authors: Min Cho, Tae Song, Do Park, Sang Lee, Dong Seo, Sung Lee, Myung-Hwan Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 51-year-old man with chronic pancreatitis presented with recurrent postprandial epigastric pain. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed a 9-mm pancreaticolith in the main pancreatic duct (MPD) of the head portion.
18F-FDG PET/CT in a Case of Malignant Priapism Secondary to Metastasis From Mucoid Adenocarcinoma of the Cecum
Authors: Arun Sasikumar, Chidambaram Natarajan Balasubramanian Harisankar, Anish Bhattacharya, Rakesh Kapoor, Bhagwant Rai Mittal
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Metastatic tumors of the penis are rare, with priapism as the predominant symptom in a significant number of cases. The genitourinary tract and rectum are the most common primary sites. FDG PET/CT has established role in detection of distant metastasis in various malignancies. The authors describe a case of mucoid adenocarcinoma of cecum, presented with priapism after right hemicolectomy, where FDG PET/CT showed intense tracer uptake throughout the enlarged penis, which was later confirmed as metastatic adenocarcinoma by trucut biopsy.
The Spontaneous and Glutathione S-Transferase-Mediated Reaction of Chlorambucil with Glutathione
Authors: P J Ciaccio, K D Tew, F P LaCreta
Journal: Cancer Communications (1990)

Incubation of 100 microM chlorambucil (CMB) with 1 mM glutathione (GSH) in 0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer yielded a mixture of GSH conjugates and hydrolytic products that were separable by HPLC. The appearance in HPLC analysis of four of these products was GSH-dependent. 35S-Label from 35S-GSH eluted with all four chemical species that also gave UV spectra characteristic of CMB-containing compounds. Mass spectral analysis of three of these compounds gave molecular weights consistent with the following adducts: adduct 2: diglutathionyl CMB; adduct 3: monohydroxy monochloroglutathionyl CMB; adduct 4: monochloro monoglutathionyl CMB. Purified GST alpha and partially pure GST pi and mu class protein prepared from adult male mouse liver cytosol significantly increased the formation of the monoglutathionyl CMB adduct. At 5 min incubations, this adduct was quantitatively most important and was increased 4.4-fold by the addition of GST alpha isozymes. At 1 hr incubations, all four adducts were measurable, although enzymes primarily affected the formation of adduct 4. At 1 hr, addition of GST alpha, pi, or mu protein increased the production of monochloro monoglutathionyl CMB 2-fold, 1.5-fold, and 1.7-fold, respectively, demonstrating that CMB is indeed a substrate for GST isozymes in vitro.
Massive Tissue Cultures Prepared from Whole Chick Embryos Planted as a Cell Suspension on Glass Substrate
Authors: J E SHANNON, W R EARLE, H K WALTZ
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Massive Tissue Cultures Prepared from Whole Chick Embryos Planted as a Cell Suspension on Glass Substrate Get access John E. Shannon, Jr., John E. Shannon, Jr. Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilton R. Earle, Wilton R. Earle Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Helen K. Waltz Helen K. Waltz Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 2, October 1952, Pages 349–363, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.2.349 Published: 01 October 1952 Article history Received: 10 April 1952 Published: 01 October 1952
Biomarkers to Predict Risk in Apparently Well Populations
Authors: James L. Januzzi
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

John W. McEvoy, MB, BCh, MHS; Yuan Chen, MS; Chiadi E. Ndumele, MD, MHS; Scott D. Solomon, MD; Vijay Nambi, MD, PhD; Christie M. Ballantyne, MD; Roger S. Blumenthal, MD; Josef Coresh, MD, PhD; Elizabeth Selvin, PhD, MPH
Nonadherence to Medications for Chronic Conditions and Nonadherence to Adjuvant Hormonal Therapy in Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Alfred I. Neugut, Xiaobo Zhong, Jason D. Wright, Melissa Accordino, Jingyan Yang, Dawn L. Hershman
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

While adjuvant hormonal therapy (HT) reduces mortality for women with nonmetastatic breast cancer, nonadherence to HT is common.We investigated the association between patterns of prior nonadherence to medications for chronic conditions with HT nonadherence.For this retrospective cohort study, the MarketScan database was scanned for women 18 years and older who had been diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2012, and who filled 2 or more prescriptions for tamoxifen and/or an aromatase inhibitor.Nonadherence to medications for 6 chronic conditions (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, thyroid disease, diabetes, osteoporosis) in the 12 months before diagnosis was defined as a medication possession ratio (MPR) less than 80%. Nonadherence to HT was defined as an MPR less than 80% between the first and last prescription for HT up to 2 years.Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between prior medication nonadherence and HT nonadherence.Of 21 255 women treated with adjuvant HT, 3314 (15.6%) were nonadherent, and age (<55 or ≥75 years vs 55-64 years), higher 30-day out-of-pocket costs, and increased comorbidities were associated with nonadherence. Women without prior medications for 1 of the chronic conditions (n = 7828 [37%]) had an 18.4% nonadherence rate to HT. Those who used 1 or more medication prior to HT and were adherent (n = 9223 [43%]) had a 9.8% nonadherence rate to HT (relative to those without prior medications: odds ratio [OR] 0.56; 95% CI, 0.50-0.61), while those who were nonadherent to their chronic medications (n = 4214 [20%]) had a 23.1% nonadherence rate to HT (OR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.30-1.58). Adherence and nonadherence for medications for each of the 6 medical conditions was associated with adherence or nonadherence for HT, respectively.We found that nonadherence to medications for chronic conditions prior to HT was associated with greater nonadherence to oral HT in patients with breast cancer. Medication nonadherence history may play an important role in determining patients at risk for nonadherence to a subsequent medication for a different illness, such as HT, and a potential target for future interventions.
Effects of divorce on the visiting father-child relationship
Authors: J S Wallerstein, J B Kelly
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

Findings from a 5-year longitudinal study of 131 children from 60 divorcing families, drawn from a predominantly white, middle-class California population, revealed unexpected changes in the relationship between the visiting parent and the child after the marital separation. The changes that showed improvement and that showed deterioration in 50% of the father-child relationships were substantially related to the difficulties and psychological conflicts engendered by visitation and divorce, the father's capacity to accommodate to the constraints of the visiting relationship, and the age and sex of the child.
Hepatitis C Treatment Delivery Mandates Optimizing Available Health Care Human Resources
Authors: Channa R. Jayasekera, Sanjeev Arora, Aijaz Ahmed
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Authors: H. Colcher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

GASTROINTESTINAL endoscopy has developed rapidly in the past 15 years. Marked advances have been made in equipment for diagnosis and therapeutic procedures as well as for documentation with still and motion pictures, television, and video-tape recordings. The purpose of this brief review, therefore, is to describe the indications and assess the likely results of endoscopy of the upper gut, including visual examination of the esophagus, stomach and duodenum, and the jejunum and ileum (enteroscopy). The presentation is not directed at the endoscopist, but at the physician who is caring for a patient who may have an upper gastrointestinal disorder and . . .
PWE-197 Computed tomography derived lean muscle mass (LMM) does not predict cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) markers of physiological reserve
Authors: KI Jones, E Green, J Franklin, K Hurst, C Atkinson, MA SIlva
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Lean muscle mass can be estimated by measuring psoas cross sectional area on computed tomography images, and is predictive of post-operative complications. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is a functional assessment of cardiopulmonary reserve providing individualised risk prediction. Given the independent predictive value of LMM and CPET, we hypothesised that LMM estimated using preoperative CT scans correlates with CPET and may be used as a surrogate marker for predicting complications following major hepatobiliary resection. <h3>Method</h3> Patients undergoing major hepatobiliary resection with pre-operative CPET testing were included in the study. Clinicopathological and outcome data were collected retrospectively. Total Psoas Area (TPA) was measured at the level of the third lumbar vertebrae using the OsiriX software programme. Statistical data analyses were carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. <h3>Results</h3> 30 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 72.8 years (+/-5.3) and 63% were male. 50% of the cohort were sarcopenic based on TPA measurements corrected for height and sex. Aerobic Threshold (AT), V02max and sarcopenia failed to predict post-operative (30 day) complications. There was no significant difference in AT or V0<sub>2</sub>max in sarcopenic versus non-sarcopenic patients (p = 0.73, p = 0.53). There was insignificant correlation between V0<sub>2</sub>max (r2=0.11 (95% C. I. 0.27–47) p = 0.3), AT (r2=0.32 (95% C. I. 0.07–0.63) p = 0.1) and TPA/H<sup>2</sup>. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This novel investigation does not support the use of radiologically estimated lean muscle mass as a surrogate marker of CPET assessed physiological reserve in patients undergoing hepatobiliary resection. The prevalence of sarcopenia is significant (50%) in this population, which limits the sensitivity of sarcopenia in predicting complications. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Primary Gastric Lymphoma Versus Gastric Cancer
Authors: F.Th. Fork, U. Haglund, H. Högström, L. Wehlin
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

Eighteen patients with primary gastric malignant lymphoma were compared retrospectively with an age- and sex-matched group of patients with gastric cancer. It was found that a correct preoperative diagnosis was established in 8 out of 18 lymphoma patients (44%). Of the remaining patients eight were preoperatively diagnosed as cancers and two as benign ulcers. Malignancy was not suggested by biopsy or cytology in a total of six lymphoma patients. There was no difference as regards the size of the gastric lesion between the groups. A diffuse involvement of the stomach was found only in lymphoma patients. Furthermore, lymphoma patients often showed superficial stellate ulcers and a sharp margin between the lesion and the normal mucosa. It is suggested that these findings should make the investigator aware of the possibility of a gastric lymphoma. When this diagnosis is considered, great importance should be attached to obtaining large biopsies which possibly allow a correct preoperative diagnosis more often.
Amelioration of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis
Authors: A. Primack
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

The use of acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) to prevent cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis was studied. The acetylcysteine was given to 6 purebred beagle dogs and 6 rhesus monkeys by bladder irrigation with a 2-catheter technique. No toxicity was associated with this procedure. After cyclophosphamide treatment (30 mg/kg intravenously as a single dose), no 4(-p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine reactivity (alkylating ability) was found in the urine after acetylcysteine bladder irrigation. These animals also had significantly less cystitis. Urine containing the active metabolite was obtained from dogs given cyclophosphamide (125 mg/kg intravenously). It was added to acetylcysteine or normal saline in a ratio of 1 to 2, and these solutions were instilled into the bladders of normal dogs. These animals were killed after 24 hours. The dogs receiving urine with the activated product plus saline had significant cystitis, whereas those receiving urine with activated product and acetylcysteine had only minimal histologic changes. Thus bladder irrigation with acetylcysteine during cyclophosphamide therapy might be a valuable therapeutic adjuvant.
Woman denied abortion in Northern Ireland was subjected to cruel treatment, says UN
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A United Nations human rights committee has called on the Republic of Ireland to reform its draconian law on abortion, after holding that the country’s virtual ban on abortion subjected a woman to cruel, inhumane, or degrading treatment, violating her human rights.

A UN panel of experts found that Ireland’s virtual ban on abortion had forced Amanda Mellet to choose “between continuing her non-viable pregnancy or travelling to another country while carrying a dying foetus, at personal expense, and separated from the support of her family, and to return while not fully recovered.”

This violated her right to …
Influenza case definitions – optimising sensitivity and specificity
Authors: P Penttinen, R Pebody
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Preview this article: Influenza case definitions – optimising sensitivity and specificity, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/20/22/art21148-en-1.gif
Damaged ureter detected on a bone scan.
Authors: GULGUN BUYUKDERELI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Adana, Turkey Received for publication April 24, 2000. Accepted June 13, 2000. Reprint requests: Gülgün Büyuüdereli, Kurtuluş mah, Ziyapasa Bulvari, Büsra, Apt. no: 10 Daire No: 15, 01120 Seyhan Adana, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 12877: Serum Adiponectin Levels are Increased by Pathologically Induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Hiromichi Wada, Masaharu Akao, Nobutoyo Masunaga, Tomohide Takaya, Rieko Takanabe-Mori, Mitsuru Abe, Junko Funatsu, Yasuyo Nakajima, Mikihiko Kanasaki, Genta Osakada, Tameo Nakano, Koh Ono, Noriko Satoh-Asahara, Akira Shimatsu, Koji Hasegawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The adipocytokine adiponectin is regulated by visceral fat accumulation and is decreased in sera of patients with obesity-linked diseases. In a general population, the adiponectin level...