tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0311 The Shape of Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals Determines their Intensity of Birefringence
Authors: P. Vela, V. Jovani, M. Andrés, E. Pascual
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals can be polymorphic (rhomboidal, parallelepiped), but some look like needles and could be taken as monosodium urate (MSU) under the ordinary light microscope. When simple polarized-light is applied, only around 20% of calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals shine [1], but weaker if compared to monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. To date, whether the intensity of birefringence varies regarding the shape of the crystal has not been explored. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional study. Synovial fluid (SF) samples from consecutive patients with demonstrated acute CPP crystal arthritis were analysed by two observers, using a simple (non compensated) polarized light microscope equipped with two viewing stations. The analysis was performed simultaneously but in a blinded manner. The first 10 consecutive PFC crystals of each SF detected with bright light at 600X were assessed, being pointed with the microscope arrow and observed for birefringence under crossed polarized filters. The following variables were registered: a) shape (needle or rhomb- parallelepiped), and b) intensity of birefringence (absent, weak, or MSU-like); previous to the observation the microscope light, diaphragm and condenser height were adjusted to clearly show the birefringence using a MSU crystal preparation as standard. Previously, both observers using unblinded samples had reached a consensus on shape and birefringence intensity. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the distribution of birefringence regarding the crystal shape; inter-observer agreements in shape and birefringence were assed using weighted kappa test. <h3>Results</h3> 120 crystals from 12 SF samples were analysed, 61 (50.8%) were classified as needles and 59 (49.2%) as rhombi-parallelepipeds. The intensity of birefringence was graded as absent in 52 (43.3%) crystals, weak in 66 (55.0%), and MSU-like in only 2 (1.7%). Birefringence was found to differ regarding the crystal shape (Figure, p&lt;0.001), rhombi-parallelepipeds most often showed some birefringence compared to needles. In no cases, birefringence of needles was graded as MSU-like. Inter-observer agreement was very high both for crystal shape (kappa 0.97, 95%CI 0.92-1.00) and for birefringence (kappa 0.71, 95%CI 0.60-0.82). <h3>Conclusions</h3> CPP crystals birefringence varies according to shape. Needle-shaped CPP crystals did not show strong birefringence, thus reinforcing the value of examining the samples with both ordinary and simple polarised light microscope in differentiating them from MSU. <h3>References</h3> Ann Rheum Dis. 58:582. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Will Precision Medicine Move Us beyond Race?
Authors: Vence L. Bonham, Shawneequa L. Callier, Charmaine D. Royal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Although self-identified race may correlate with geographical ancestry, it does not predict an individual patient's genotype or drug response. Precision medicine may eventually replace the use of race in treatment decisions, but several hurdles will have to be overcome.
Orbital Metastases of Neuroendocrine Tumors Treated With 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT or 131I-MIBG Therapies
Authors: William Makis, Karey McCann, Alexander J. B. McEwan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Neuroendocrine tumors have a propensity to metastasize to the orbit, although the reason is unknown. A review of 251 neuroendocrine tumors treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE or 131I-MIBG at our institution since 2003 revealed 4 patients with orbital metastases (1.6%), 2 treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE and 2 with 131I-MIBG. Of these 4 patients, 1 patient was symptomatic with diplopia and eye pain, and 2 patients had physical signs of orbital involvement. The symptomatic orbital metastasis improved with 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy, and proptosis improved with 131I-MIBG therapy in 1 of 2 patients. We present the imaging findings of these 4 patients, as well as their management.
BMET-21NEUROLOGICAL CHANGE AFTER GAMMA KNIFE RADIOSURGERY FOR BRAIN METASTASES INVOLVING THE MOTOR CORTEX
Authors: Se-Hyuk Kim, Hyun-Yong Choi, Sang Ryul Lee, Mi Ra Seo, Ji Young Oh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Although gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) can provide beneficial therapeutic effects for patients with brain metastases, lesions involving the eloquent areas carry a higher risk of neurologic deterioration after treatment, compared to those located in the non-eloquent areas. We aimed to investigate neurological change of the patients with brain metastases involving the motor cortex (MC) and the relevant factors related to neurological deterioration after GKRS. We retrospectively reviewed clinical, radiological and dosimetry data of 42 patients who underwent GKRS for 50 brain metastases involving the MC. Prior to GKRS, motor deficits existed in 22 patients (52.4%). The mean target volume was 3.2 cc (range 0.001-14.1) at the time of GKRS, and the mean prescription dose was 18.4 Gy (range 12-24 Gy). The actuarial median survival time from GKRS was 14.7 ± 5.2 months. The calculated local tumor control rates at 6 and 12 months after GKRS were 87.9% and 83.3%, respectively. During the median clinical follow-up duration of 14.7 ± 2.4 months (range 1.0-43.7 months), 18 patients (42.9 %) experienced new or worsened neurologic deficits with a median onset time of 2.5 ± 0.8 months (range 0.2-7.2 months) after GKRS. Among various factors, prescription dose (> 20 Gy) (p =0.028), and new metastases involving the MC (p = 0.015) were significant factors for the new or worsened neurologic deficits in multivariate. The managements of 18 patients were steroid medication (n = 13), boost radiation therapy (n =3), and surgery (n =2), and neurological improvement was achieved in 10 (55.6%). In our series, prescription dose (>20 Gy) and new metastases involving the MC were significantly related to neurological deterioration after GKRS for brain metastases involving the MC. Therefore, we suggest that careful dose adjustment would be required for lesions involving the MC to avoid neurological deterioration requiring additional treatment after GKRS.
First-line patterns of care and outcomes of HER2-positive breast cancer patients who progressed after receiving adjuvant trastuzumab in the outpatient community setting.
Authors: S. K. Gruschkus, J. F. Doan, C. Chen, M. T. Forsyth, D. Lalla, M. Shing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

684 Background: Trastuzumab (T) is indicated in the adjuvant and first-line setting for HER2+ breast cancer patients (pts). The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate community-based patterns of care and outcomes following disease progression (DP) among pts who received T in the adjuvant setting. Methods: Using US Oncology's iKnowMed EMR data, we identified adjuvant HER2+ pts who received T from 1/1/2006–7/31/2007. Pts were followed through 8/31/2009 to observe DP and post-progression patterns of care and outcomes. Pts who experienced DP were assigned to cohorts based on whether they received T in the first-line setting. Overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were compared by cohort using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. To account for survivorship bias, landmark analyses were conducted at 120 and 180 days to examine residual PFS and OS, defined as time from landmark to DP or death. Results: Of 2,049 pts who received adjuvant T, 164 (8%) experienced DP and received first-line care during the study period. Of these 164 pts, 122 (74%) continued to receive T ± chemo for first-line therapy while 42 (26%) received chemotherapy only. Observed OS and PFS was significantly longer for pts who received first-line T compared to those who did not (Mean PFS > 590 vs. 362 days, log-rank p < 0.001; Mean OS > 733 vs. 535 days, log-rank p > 0.04). In Cox regression analyses using backwards elimination, first-line T remained significantly associated with PFS (HR: 0.39; 95% CI > 0.19 – 0.80), but not OS (0.61; 95% CI > 0.27 – 1.35) after considering age, performance status, ER/PR status, stage at diagnosis, adjuvant T duration, and time to progression from adjuvant to metastatic disease as covariates. In landmark analyses among pts who were progression-free at 120 days, longer T duration was associated with increased residual PFS (p-trend > 0.02) and OS (p-trend > 0.04). Among patients who were progression-free at 180 days, longer T duration was associated with increased residual PFS (p-trend > 0.04), but not OS. Conclusions: Results of this study among pts who received adjuvant T suggest that continuing T following DP may provide clinical benefit in the outpatient community setting. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech Genentech Genentech Genentech Genentech
Effect of Nicotinic Acid on Turnover Rate and Oxidation of Free Fatty Acids of Plasma in Man During Exercise
Authors: L A CARLSON, R J HAVEL, L G EKELUND, A HOLMGREN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Q Fever Outbreak Among Travelers to Germany Who Received Live Cell Therapy — United States and Canada, 2014
Authors: Misha P. Robyn, Alexandra P. Newman, Michael Amato, Mary Walawander, Cynthia Kothe, James D. Nerone, Cynthia Pomerantz, Casey Barton Behravesh, Holly M. Biggs, F. Scott Dahlgren, Emily G. Pieracci, Yvonne Whitfield, Doug Sider, Omar Ozaldin, Lisa Berger, Peter A. Buck, Mark Downing, Debra Blog
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

During September–November 2014, the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) was notified of five New York state residents who had tested seropositive for Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever. All five patients had symptoms compatible with Q fever (e.g., fever, fatigue, chills, and headache) and a history of travel to Germany to receive a medical treatment called "live cell therapy" (sometimes called "fresh cell therapy") in May 2014. Live cell therapy is the practice of injecting processed cells from organs or fetuses of nonhuman animals (e.g., sheep) into human recipients. It is advertised to treat a variety of health conditions. This practice is unavailable in the United States; however, persons can travel to foreign locations to receive injections. Local health departments interviewed the patients, and NYSDOH notified CDC and posted a report on CDC’s Epidemic Information Exchange to solicit additional cases. Clinical and exposure information for each patient was reported to the Robert Koch Institute in Germany, which forwarded the information to local health authorities. A Canada resident who also received live cell therapy in May 2014 was diagnosed with Q fever in July 2014. Clinicians should be aware of health risks, such as Q fever and other zoonotic diseases, among patients with a history of receiving treatment with live cell therapy products.
Interleukin-10 and phenomena of tolerance in interleukin-2 therapy.
Authors: M Engelhardt, U Brennscheidt, R Mertelsmann, A Lindemann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

AbstractApril 01, 1996 Share on Interleukin-10 and phenomena of tolerance in interleukin-2 therapy.Authors: M Engelhardt, U Brennscheidt, R Mertelsmann, and A LindemannAuthors Info & AffiliationsPublication: Journal of Clinical OncologyVolume 14, Number 4https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.4.1405 Get Access
Cognitive deficit measures in schizophrenia: factor structure and clinical correlates
Authors: F Lieh-Mak, P W Lee
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors aimed to delineate the "common denominators" across a representative number of cognitive measures by administering such measures to a large number of schizophrenic subjects. The authors also aimed to study the consistency of the subjects' performance over a 1-year period and to look into the relationship between cognitive task performance and clinical status.One hundred fifty-seven schizophrenic subjects with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia were assessed under standardized testing conditions on the dichotic listening and shadowing task, the span of apprehension task, the simple reaction time tasks, the critical stimulus duration, and the interstimulus interval in which they would become free from the masking effect. The clinical status of the subjects was assessed during index assessment, and 97 subjects were reassessed at the end of 1 year. Forty-seven subjects were randomly selected for reassessment on the cognitive tasks administered 1 year earlier. The subjects' performance was compared to that of 56 nonschizophrenic patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma who had undergone radiation therapy.The cognitive task scores were factor analyzed, giving five distinct factors made up of the span of apprehension accuracy scores, simple reaction time scores, shadowing accuracy scores, span of apprehension error scores, and susceptibility to interference scores. At index assessment, the subjects' shadowing accuracy and reaction time were significantly related to their quality of life, social adjustment, and positive symptoms. The subjects' span of apprehension scores were related to their negative symptoms, measured in terms of work and daily life functions. The initial relationship between the subjects' cognitive test scores and their outcome status remained consistent at follow-up.The documented cognitive deficits in schizophrenic patients probably reflect a more enduring trait-like status with correlations with outcome status. These results also indicate that the cognitive measures may be simplified in complexity without a corresponding reduction in their clinical significance.
Congressional Hearing Delves Into NSABP Fraud Issues
Authors: S. Jenks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Congressional Hearing Delves Into NSABP Fraud Issues Get access Susan Jenks Susan Jenks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 9, 4 May 1994, Pages 664–665, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.9.664 Published: 04 May 1994
Abstract 51: Molecular profiling of relapsed childhood cancer
Authors: Carol Wadham, Federica Saletta, Jennifer A. Byrne, Toby Trahair, David S. Ziegler, Geoffrey McCowage, Glenn Marshall, Michelle Haber, Murray Norris
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Despite the overall success achieved in treating childhood cancers, a major challenge is to find alternative treatment options for those children who suffer relapse. This requires more detailed understanding of the molecular pathways responsible for maintaining and promoting an aggressive drug resistant phenotype, as well as the successful targeting of these pathways. Materials and methods: We are implementing a molecular profiling approach to individual tumours, which includes Fluidigm Biomark qRT-PCR analysis (a panel of 96 marker genes), next-generation sequencing (Ion Proton custom AmpliSeq panel of 480 genes) and automated immunohistochemistry (IHC, 30 antibodies to 25 proteins/ phosphoproteins). Results: Preliminary testing of a subset of these genes has been conducted on 12 cell lines representing the major childhood cancer subtypes, as well as 8 patient-derived primary cultures including 4 inflammatory myofibroblastic tumours, 2 diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas and 2 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The potential for molecular profiling to assist in drug selection was subsequently tested in high throughput in vitro drug sensitivity assays using a drug library based on the profiling data. Gene expression has also been analysed in forty five cell lines from mice bearing patient-derived ALL xenografts. The individualised mouse xenografts will allow in vivo testing of the efficacy of molecularly targeted drugs. We are now undertaking a retrospective study of diagnostic frozen and formalin fixed paraffin embedded samples from 55 paediatric cancer patients who subsequently experienced relapse. Conclusion: We have implemented a screening approach to identify molecular targets in paediatric cancer patients who have failed the best current treatments available, and for whom treatment options following relapse are extremely limited. The ultimate goal is to undertake a multicentre prospective clinical trial in paediatric patients with recurrent or refractory solid tumours or leukemias for whom targeted drug therapy will be identified using molecular profiling. Citation Format: Carol Wadham, Federica Saletta, Jennifer A. Byrne, Toby Trahair, David S. Ziegler, Geoffrey McCowage, Glenn Marshall, Michelle Haber, Murray Norris. Molecular profiling of relapsed childhood cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; Jun 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(1_Suppl):Abstract nr 51.
Additional proposals to reduce comorbidity in patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases: comment on ‘Points to consider for reporting, screening for and preventing selected comorbidities in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in daily practice: a EULAR initiative’ by Baillet<i>et al</i>
Authors: Santos Castañeda, Esther F Vicente, Miguel A González-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

We have read with great interest the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) initiative on comorbidities in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRDs) that was recently published online in ARD .1 This initiative focuses primarily on the most prevalent and important comorbidities in patients with CIRDs, mainly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis, connective tissue disorders and crystal arthropathies but the authors indicate that they may be also applied to cases of severe osteoarthritis.1

Comorbidity has high impact in the prognosis and health outcome. It is applicable to patients with CIRDs. In this regard, the existence of several comorbidities increases the patient's disability in CIRDs. For example, in RA, the disability measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), increases depending on …
Potent Effects Of The Vascular Disrupting Agent, ASA404 (DMXAA) On The Marrow Microenvironment In Preclinical Human Leukemia and Lymphoma Models
Authors: Scott Portwood, Deepika Lal, Christopher W Schaefer, Odochi Uwazurike, Joseph A Spernyak, Mukund Seshadri, Eunice S. Wang
Journal: Blood (2013)
Breast Cancer
Authors: Jay R. Harris, Marc E. Lippman, Umberto Veronesi, Walter Willett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

BREAST cancer is a major public health problem of great interest and importance to physicians in a variety of specialties. Since this topic was last reviewed in the Journal,1 the incidence of the disease has increased dramatically, heightening concern among physicians and women in general. In addition, long-term results are now available from clinical trials initiated in the 1970s and 1980s to evaluate the usefulness of early detection with mammography and physical examination, breast-conserving treatment with limited breast surgery and irradiation, and adjuvant systemic therapy with hormonal therapy and chemotherapy. Furthermore, in the light of newly gained knowledge, new . . .
Hemochromatosis
Authors: J Wortsman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. A 62-year-old woman who was euthyroid while taking levothyroxine for radioactive iodine–induced hypothyroidism was noted to have trophic changes in her fingernails. The physical examination was otherwise normal. During a search for subclinical iron deficiency, her serum ferritin concentration was found to be 3583 ng per milliliter (normal range, 30 to 300). The only abnormality on liver-function testing was an aspartate aminotransferase concentration of 39 U per liter (normal range, 0 to 30). A liver biopsy showed deposition of iron in the hepatocytes with sparing of Kupffer's cells and mild chronic inflammation in the portal triads. The hepatic-tissue . . .
Bridging channel dendritic cells induce immunity to transfused red blood cells
Authors: Samuele Calabro, Antonia Gallman, Uthaman Gowthaman, Dong Liu, Pei Chen, Jingchun Liu, Jayendra Kumar Krishnaswamy, Manuela Sales L. Nascimento, Lan Xu, Seema R. Patel, Adam Williams, Christopher A. Tormey, Eldad A. Hod, Steven L. Spitalnik, James C. Zimring, Jeanne E. Hendrickson, Sean R. Stowell, Stephanie C. Eisenbarth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a life-saving therapeutic tool. However, a major complication in transfusion recipients is the generation of antibodies against non-ABO alloantigens on donor RBCs, potentially resulting in hemolysis and renal failure. Long-lived antibody responses typically require CD4(+) T cell help and, in murine transfusion models, alloimmunization requires a spleen. Yet, it is not known how RBC-derived antigens are presented to naive T cells in the spleen. We sought to answer whether splenic dendritic cells (DCs) were essential for T cell priming to RBC alloantigens. Transient deletion of conventional DCs at the time of transfusion or splenic DC preactivation before RBC transfusion abrogated T and B cell responses to allogeneic RBCs, even though transfused RBCs persisted in the circulation for weeks. Although all splenic DCs phagocytosed RBCs and activated RBC-specific CD4(+) T cells in vitro, only bridging channel 33D1(+) DCs were required for alloimmunization in vivo. In contrast, deletion of XCR1(+)CD8(+) DCs did not alter the immune response to RBCs. Our work suggests that blocking the function of one DC subset during a narrow window of time during RBC transfusion could potentially prevent the detrimental immune response that occurs in patients who require lifelong RBC transfusion support.