tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Australia antigen in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: E Noguera Hernando, A Larrea Gayarre, J Cruz Martínez, I Rossi Raviolo
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Australian antigen (Au Ag) was first described by Blumberg in the serum of an Australian aborigen. Its main clinical significance is based on the fact of its association with the presence of hepatitis B (Okochi, Nurakami, 1968; Prince, 1968) (9). Almeida (1969) outlines the intervention of immune complexes on the production of the referred illness. Later works show the importance of the type of immunologic response created by Au Ag (2). Alpert et al. (1) (1970) state the possibility that immune complexes developed by Au Ag and anti Au Ag antibodies may produce in patients with hepatitis B other allied manifestations including arthritis. On the basis of similar immunopathological findings (illnesses including immunocomplexes on their production), Au Ag investigation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been the object of several works, whose results reveal certain discrepancies. We have investigated the presence of Au Ag on 70 patients whose diagnostic was RA "classical (according to the judgement of the American Rheumatism Association). We used immunoelectrophoresis (counter immunoelectrophoresis-CIEP-) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) techniques. We prepared individual records including clinical, epidemic, biochemical and personal data. Au Ag investigation both through different techniques gave negative results in 70 cases, of which only four referred a possible previous hepatitis B clinic history, not showing during the investigation suggestive clinical data of hepatitis or biochemical alterations. Panus et al. (1970) (5), Desche-Labarte et al. (1972), Trempo (1972), Burrel (1973) (6), Serré et al. (1973) (8), obtained negative results in the matter, with similar or lower casuistics than ours. Notwithstanding Roqués et al. (1975) (7), in 300 cases of RA showed the presence of Au Ag in a significant number of cases (5%) as compared to Au Ag incidence in the French population (estimated in about 0.22%) (6). However, Roqués did not find in their Au Ag positive cases any evidence which enables to think that this antigen has played an important role on the origin and development of the rheumatic illness. These important discrepancies may be due to different reasons: a) Use of different techniques for Au Ag detection. b) The transitory character of the presence of Au Ag in the serum. c) Important differences in the antigen geographic distribution. d) Previous hepatitis B. There are som other factors which have attained importance recently, as a consequence of the broad epidemiological studies carried out. So, Au Ag increased incidence has been found--statistically significant--on groups of persons who have been submitted to several surgical interventions and/or have needed repeated hospitalizations or reiterated blood transfusions (6). These three conditions--especially the first two--are accomplished in an illness with chronic and invalidating characteristics as RA...
Abstract 251: Neuregulin Administration Stimulates Cardiomyocyte Proliferation In Neonatal Mice And In Myocardium From Human Infants
Authors: Brian Polizzotti, Balakrishnan Ganapathy, Stuart Walsh, Sangita Choudhury, David Bennett, Bernhard Haubner, Joseph Penninger, Bernhard Kuhn
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: Regenerative strategies have the potential to transform heart failure therapies. Cell transplantation strategies have shown effectiveness and safety in clinical trials. A complementary strategy is based on directly stimulating the proliferation of endogenous cardiomyocytes. We have demonstrated that administration of the growth factor neuregulin (rNRG1), which has passed phase 2 testing, stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation and improves myocardial repair in adult animal models. Since cardiomyocyte proliferation is active during myocardial growth, we hypothesized that NRG1 may be more effective in growing animals and humans. Methods: We developed a myocardial injury model (cryoinjury) in neonatal mice that recapitulates scar formation seen in infants with congenital heart disease (CHD). In contrast with ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), cryoinjury reduced cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity. We used this model to evaluate the effectiveness of rNRG1 administration. To assess the ability of rNRG1 to stimulate human cardiomyocyte proliferation, we developed an organotypic culture system for myocardium from infants with CHD. Results: Administration of NRG1 resulted in a 2-fold increase in cardiomyocyte cell cycle activity at 10 days post injury (dpi). After neonatal cryoinjury in mice, administration of rNRG1 from birth to 30 days of life significantly improved the ejection fraction, which was sustained for 30 days after the cessation of rNRG1 administration. In contrast, administration of NRG1 four to 34 days after cryoinjury transiently reduced scar formation, and transiently improved myocardial structure and function. In myocardium from infants with Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) less than 6 months of age (n = 6), rNRG1 induced cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusions: These results indicate that stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation may be clinically effective in human infants with heart disease, a population in whom a significant and unmet need exists.
Newly Developed Measles Viral Vector Can Efficiently Transduce Multiple Genes into naïve T Cells
Authors: Takafumi Hiramoto, Maino Tahara, Yoshie Miura, Yuichiro Nakatsu, Toru Kubota, Ryo Kurita, Hiroshi Hamana, Chika Sakamoto, Megumi Narusawa, Saori Yamaguchi, Hiroaki Ono, Jiuan Liao, Takenobu Nii, Yuto Takishima, Michiyo Okada, Yumiko Matsumura, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Kazunari Yamada, Yasuki Hijikata, Hiroshi Kohara, Sonoko Ishihara, Toshihisa Tsuruta, Toshihiko Okazaki, Hiroyuki Kishi, Atsushi Muraguchi, Akihide Ryo, Makoto Takeda, Kenzaburo Tani
Journal: Blood (2014)
A phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab plus mFOLFOX6 for resectable synchronous liver metastasis (SLM) from colorectal cancer: The first report of the Miyagi Hepato-Biliary Pancreatic Clinical Oncology Group.
Authors: Yu Katayose, Junichiro Yamauchi, Masaya Oikawa, Naoki Sakurai, Hiroaki Musya, Hiromune Shimamura, Koh Miura, Kei Nakagawa, Shinichi Egawa, Michiaki Unno
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

593 Background: The prognosis of synchronous liver metastases (SLM) from colorectal cancer is poor. Therefore, we conducted a phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for SLM to determine the appropriate initial treatment. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of bevacizumab combined with mFOLFOX6. Methods: Patients with SLM within 10 nodules were enrolled after R0-resection of the primary colorectal cancer, and received 8 courses of mFOLFOX6 with bevacizumab (the first and last courses were mFOLFOX6 only). The primary endpoint was response rate (RR). Results: Between June 2008, and November 2008, 47 patients (pts) were enrolled from 17 centers. The median age was 62 years (range 32-72 yrs). The median number of metastases was 2 nodules. Three pts were excluded from evaluation of RR because they did not receive any scheduled chemotherapy. The RR was 70.5% (2 complete responses and 29 partial responses). 11 pts (25%) showed stable disease and 2 pts (4.5%) had progressive disease. The liver resections rate was 90.9% (40 pts) and the R0-resection rate was 86.3%(38 pts). Adverse events in order of prevalence were sensory neuropathy, neutropenia, hypertension, leucopenia and so on. Grade 3 and 4 AEs occurred in 21 pts with the most common being Neutropenia. There were 3 Grade 4 AEs: renal failure and 2 pts of neutropenia. Grade 3 or 4 AEs are summarized below. There were no grade 5 AEs. Of note, liver resections were safely performed in the three pts with Grade 4 AEs. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with bevacizumab plus mFOLFOX6 for liver metastases is effective and well tolerated. The benefit of this therapy as the initial treatment of SLMneeds to be evaluated further by comparison with adjuvant therapy. (This trial is on University hospital Medical Information Network-Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR). UMIN's unique trial number is UMIN000001568.) [Table: see text]
Bone mineral density and anorexia nervosa in women
Authors: J J Salisbury, J E Mitchell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

A review of reports of reduced bone mineral density in women with anorexia nervosa was undertaken in order to profile specific risk factors, which could then be used as the basis for suggestions for future research and treatment.Thirteen research studies and four case studies of reduced bone mineral density and fractures in women with anorexia nervosa were reviewed. The relationships between bone mineral density and amenorrhea, estrogen, calcium intake, physical activity, parathyroid hormone, alkaline phosphatase, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, cortisol, and growth hormone were examined in the reports of these studies and other reports of altered physiology during anorexia nervosa.The average spinal, radial, and femoral bone mineral density in anorexic women was significantly lower than it was in normal control subjects. Concurrent with the low intake of nutrients by individuals with anorexia nervosa, low body weight, early onset and long duration of amenorrhea, low calcium intake, reduced physical activity, and hypercortisolism appeared more likely to contribute to decreased bone mineral density than did other abnormal aspects of the disorder.Future research needs to address how such factors as amenorrhea and hypercortisolism affect bone mineral density in anorexia nervosa. Since no controlled trials of estrogen replacement or calcium supplementation in anorexia nervosa have been reported, the proper treatment for decreased bone mineral density is not known. However, the most obviously important intervention is to encourage medical stabilization and weight gain.
A retrospective study on the effectiveness of curettage and electrodesiccation for clinically suspected primary nodular basal cell carcinoma
Authors: S.F.K. Lubeek, W.P. Arnold
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

An easy, cheap, and practical therapy for nodular basal cell carcinoma (nBCC) is curettage combined with electrodessication (C&ED).1,2 Recurrence rates for BCC after C&ED range from 1-27%, influenced by anatomic location, histopathologic growth pattern, and size.2-7 Therefore, most guidelines solely recommend C&ED as treatment in low-risk BCC, typically defined as: primary and small BCC (≤5 mm) with no clinical suspicion of infiltrative growth in low-risk areas (outside of the H-zone).

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Prognostic Impact of the Combination of Recurrence Score and Quantitative Estrogen Receptor Expression (<i>ESR1</i>) on Predicting Late Distant Recurrence Risk in Estrogen Receptor–Positive Breast Cancer After 5 Years of Tamoxifen: Results From NRG Oncology/National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-28 and B-14
Authors: Norman Wolmark, Eleftherios P. Mamounas, Frederick L. Baehner, Steven M. Butler, Gong Tang, Farid Jamshidian, Amy P. Sing, Steven Shak, Soonmyung Paik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose We determined the utility of the 21-Gene Recurrence Score (RS) in predicting late (&gt; 5 years) distant recurrence (LDR) in stage I and II breast cancer within high and low-ESR1–expressing groups. Patients and Methods RS was assessed in chemotherapy/tamoxifen-treated, estrogen receptor (ER) –positive, node-positive National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project B-28 patients and tamoxifen-treated, ER-positive, node-negative B-14 patients. The association of the RS with risk of distant recurrence (DR) 0 to 5 years and those at risk &gt; 5 years was assessed. An ESR1 expression cut point was optimized in B-28 and tested in B-14. Results Median follow-up was 11.2 years for B-28 and 13.9 years for B-14. Of 1,065 B-28 patients, 36% had low (&lt; 18), 34% intermediate (18 to 30), and 30% high (≥ 31) RS. Of 668 B-14 patients, 51% had low, 22% intermediate, and 27% high RS. Median ESR1 expression by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was: B-28, 9.7 normalized expression cycle threshold units (C T ) and B-14, 10.7 C T . In B-28, RS was associated with DR 0 to 5 years (log-rank P &lt; .001) and &gt; 5 to 10 years (log-rank P = .02) regardless of ESR1 expression. An ESR1 expression cut point of 9.1 C T was identified in B-28. It was validated in B-14 patients for whom the RS was associated with DR in years 5 to 15: 6.8% (95% CI, 4.4% to 10.6%) versus 11.2% (95% CI, 6.2% to 19.9%) versus 16.4% (95% CI, 10.2% to 25.7%) for RS &lt; 18, RS 18 to 30, and RS ≥ 31, respectively (log-rank P = .01). Conclusion For LDR, RS is strongly prognostic in patients with higher quantitative ESR1. Risk of LDR is relatively low for patients with low RS. These results suggest the value of extended tamoxifen therapy merits evaluation in patients with intermediate and high RS with higher ESR1 expression at initial diagnosis.
Persistent Theiler's Virus in Ependymoma Tissue Culture and the Problem of Virus-Like Bodies Seen by Electron Microscopy&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Harold E. Pearson, Richard F. Baker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Theiler's GDVII virus persistently infected mouse ependymoma cells in tissue culture; infectious virus might persist for longer than a year, or it might spontaneously disappear after several months. Electron-dense oval bodies approximately 85 mµ in diameter were found at the surface of cells infected only for 6 days and at a time when the viral titer was maximal. The nature of these bodies is unknown. Uninfected ependymoma cells of the strain studied contained electron-dense cytoplasmic bodies of another type. They were approximately 65 mµ in diameter, double-walled (type A Bernhard), and appeared to originate from the walls of cytoplasmic vacuoles. These were similar to bodies in various murine tumors described by other investigators.
Abstract A32: Urine as a potential liquid biopsy for detecting tumor DNA in Wilms tumor patient: Detection of somatic mutations in urine opens perspectives of monitoring chemotherapy response in WT patients
Authors: Ana C. K. Miguez, Rodrigo F. Ramalho, Elisa N. Ferreira, Bruna D. F. Barros, Claudia A. A. de Paula, Renan Valieris, Louise D. C. Mota, Jorge E. Souza, Isabela W. Cunha, Cecília L. Costa, Sandro J. de Souza, Dirce M. Carraro
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Detection of tumor DNA in urine has been shown as viable method of diagnosis not only for urinary tract (e.g., kidney and bladder) cancers but also for other types, e.g. prostate. Applications of such method, resemble those which use plasma DNA and include cancer detection, monitoring of tumor growth or recurrence and response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy. As far as we know, there is a lack of studies applying urine DNA detection in Wilms tumor (WT), an embryonary kidney cancer type. Here we show evidences of detection for two somatic variants in the urine DNA of one WT patient. By using NGS exome sequencing of tumor tissue and leukocytes samples of the same patient we were able to find new somatic variants: a frame-shift indel in TNRC18 and a misssense SNV in INTS1 gene. Target sequencing applied to the DNA from the patient's urine revealed the presence of these two somatic variants. More interestingly, both variants could not be found in the urine DNA of this patient after treatment (chemotherapy and nephrectomy). Additionally, these genes are poorly characterized in WT contributing for the comprehension of the cellular processes that are operating in tumorigenesis of WT. Altogether, our findings contribute with the mutational repertoire of WT and reveals the potential of using urine DNA sequencing as a noninvasive cancer screening approach. Citation Format: Ana C. K. Miguez, Rodrigo F. Ramalho, Elisa N. Ferreira, Bruna D. F. Barros, Claudia A. A. de Paula, Renan Valieris, Louise D. C. Mota, Jorge E. Souza, Isabela W. Cunha, Cecília L. Costa, Sandro J. de Souza, Dirce M. Carraro. Urine as a potential liquid biopsy for detecting tumor DNA in Wilms tumor patient: Detection of somatic mutations in urine opens perspectives of monitoring chemotherapy response in WT patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research: From Mechanisms and Models to Treatment and Survivorship; 2015 Nov 9-12; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A32.
Considerations and Recommendations for the Introduction of Objective Performance Criteria for Transcatheter Aortic Heart Valve Device Approval
Authors: Stuart J. Head, Darren Mylotte, Michael J. Mack, Nicolo Piazza, Nicolas M. van Mieghem, Martin B. Leon, A. Pieter Kappetein, David R. Holmes
Journal: Circulation (2016)

In the United States, new surgical heart valves can be approved on the basis of objective performance criteria (OPC). In contrast, the US Food and Drug Administration traditionally requires stricter criteria for transcatheter heart valve (THV) approval, including randomized, clinical trials. Recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of new-generation THVs based on single-arm studies has generated interest in alternative study approaches for THV device approval. This review evaluates whether THV device approval could follow a pathway analogous to that of surgical heart valves by incorporating OPC and provides several considerations and recommendations. Factors to be taken into account in the construction of OPC include the maturity of THV technology, variability in transcatheter aortic valve replacement practice, end points included as OPC, follow-up terms for specific OPC, patient populations to which these OPC apply, and (statistical) methods for OPC development. We recommend that approval of THV devices in the United States for low- and intermediate-risk patients or for new indications should provisionally rely on data from randomized, clinical trials. However, it is recommended that formal OPC be applied for approval of new-generation THVs for use in high- and extreme-risk patient populations.
Progressive accumulation of mutations in the hepatitis B virus genome and its impact on time to diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Feng‐Yu Sung, Chia‐Ying Lan, Chi‐Jung Huang, Chih‐Lin Lin, Chun‐Jen Liu, Pei‐Jer Chen, Shi‐Ming Lin, Ming‐Whei Yu
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

To evaluate how hepatitis B virus (HBV) genetic variation affected progression from chronic carrier state to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we analyzed HBV full-length sequences in blood obtained <1-20 years before diagnosis from 117 HCC cases and 118 controls nested in a cohort of 4,841 HBV carriers, for whom HBV genotypes B and C are predominant. The relationship between each viral single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and HCC development was assessed using ordinal logistic models according to five periods of time to diagnosis (TTD). Thirty-one HBV-SNPs showed significant association with TTD after adjustment for HBV genotype, 24 of which could also be analyzed with an extended analysis on the full-length data in conjunction with 512 partial sequences (nucleotides 2,436-1,623) from the cohort. The obtained 10 robust candidate HBV-SNPs (P ≤ 0.0304), which showed odds ratios ranging from 1.89 to 8.68, were further confirmed in 163 GenBank HBV-HCC sequences from nine Asia regions, assayed after HCC diagnosis, representing the end stage of progressive hepatic diseases. The prevalence of these HBV-SNPs and their cumulative number, presented in terms of mutation score, increased with time approaching HCC diagnosis, with an odds ratio of 2.17, 4.21, 8.15, and 19.15, respectively, for the mutation score of 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 versus 0. The mutation score for predicting short-term HCC risk outperformed other factors, including HBV-DNA levels, viral genotype, and various combinations of risk factors, and revealed increasing accuracy with shorter TTD (<4.5 years before diagnosis: area under the curve = 0.83-0.89; sensitivity = 72.7%-94.1%; specificity = 58.3%-70.5%; conditioned on optimized cutoff for genotype B and C, respectively).Identifying and tracking viral mutations is important for monitoring hepatitis B progression and early detection of HCC. (Hepatology 2016;64:720-731).
The Rugby Outbreak of Sore-Throat in March, 1880
Authors: C. Dukes
Journal: BMJ (1881)

tracted uterus is much greater than would be that of the fibroma we were supposing; and as in addition to this we should with ordinary care feel the foetus, the difficulty caused to our diagnosis by a contracting soft fibroid (sup- posing still that were shown to be a common condition) will not be so great as suggested. 0I am, Sir, yours truly,
CABG Delivers Survival Benefit in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doctor-Patient Relationship
Authors: S K Pandya
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal