tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Failure and Interstitial Nephritis Due to Penicillin and Methicillin
Authors: David S. Baldwin, Bernard B. Levine, Robert T. McCluskey, Gloria R. Gallo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Nephropathy due to penicillin or methicillin was observed in seven patients. Maximum dosage ranged from 20 to 24 gm per day for methicillin and from 20,000,000 to 60,000,000 units for penicillin. Fever appeared in a minimum of eight days, associated with marked eosinophilia and rash (in four patients). Urinary abnormalities and azotemia (blood urea nitrogen of 50 to 130 mg per 100 ml) occurred in all. All but one recovered. Renal tissue, examined in four patients, showed tubular damage and interstitial accumulation of mononuclear cells and eosinophils without glomerular abnormalities or arteritis. In the only patient investigated immunologically an unusually intense immune response to penicillin was found. Immunofluorescent studies showed penicilloyl hapten firmly bound to his kidney tissue and the presence there of gamma globulin. The clinical features of an allergic reaction together with the immunologic findings support, but do not prove, a hypersensitivity mechanism for this nephropathy.
Successful management of a sporadic pancreatic insulinoma by endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation
Authors: Julian Waung, Jeannie Todd, Margaret Keane, Stephen Pereira
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 70-year-old woman presented with an 18-month history of recurrent episodes of dizziness that were alleviated by sugary drinks. During one of these episodes, a low blood glucose of 1.6 mmol/L was noted. Her past medical history included atrial fibrillation and severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), necessitating long-term oxygen therapy.
Foreign body reaction triggered by cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 blockade 25 years after dermal filler injection
Authors: C. Bisschop, M.S. Bruijn, M.W. Stenekes, G.F.H. Diercks, G.A.P. Hospers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Foreign body reactions are regularly seen as a late complication of cosmetic treatment with synthetic dermal fillers. Often this foreign body reaction is triggered by a systemic infection, but other systemic triggers are also reported. In this case report, we present a woman in her 60s who was treated with ipilimumab for metastatic melanoma. After two courses of treatment she developed painless facial nodules. A foreign body reaction to dermal fillers was suspected because the patient had received cosmetic treatment with dermal fillers 25 years previously. This reaction was confirmed by excision and histological examination. In the absence of other known triggers, this case revealed immunotherapy (ipilimumab) and subsequent activation of the adaptive immune system as potential triggers of foreign body reactions to dermal fillers. Immunotherapy is increasingly used as anticancer treatment for an increasing number of tumour types. Furthermore, synthetic dermal fillers have frequently been used in the past. Therefore, physicians should be aware of this late-occurring complication of synthetic filler treatment in patients who develop skin lesions during immunotherapy.
Case 33-1968
Authors: Gordon S. Myers, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Presentation of CaseA seventy-three-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of pain in the neck and jaw.For approximately twenty-three years she had had hypertension, which was treated with guanethidine sulfate (Ismelin), 1 tablet daily. Two weeks before entry there was a brief episode of pain in the jaw. She was well thereafter until the onset of malaise on the morning of admission. A few hours later, while riding in a taxi, she suddenly experienced sharp pain in the suprasternal notch and pressure under the tongue; the distress spread to the entire mouth and was accompanied by generalized . . .
Galactosemia Screening of Newborns in Massachusetts
Authors: Vivian E. Shih, Harvey L. Levy, Valerie Karolkewicz, Sally Houghton, Mary L. Efron, Kurt J. Isselbacher, Ernest Beutler, Robert A. MacCready
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract A total of 374,341 newborn infants in Massachusetts were screened for galactosemia. Of the 177,882 infants tested by bacterial metabolite inhibition assay from March, 1964, to December, 19...
Testing the cutaneous absorption of lorazepam, diphenhydramine, and haloperidol gel (ABH gel) used for cancer-related nausea.
Authors: T. J. Smith, J. K. Ritter, P. J. Coyne, G. L. Parker, P. Dodson, D. S. Fletcher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

9021 Background: Nausea and vomiting due to cancer or its treatment is a common symptom in oncology, palliative care and hospice. ABH topical gel is currently widely used in home hospice due to perceived efficacy and low cost, and has been suggested for cancer chemotherapy. As many as 60% of cancer hospice patients are prescribed ABH gel. All these drugs work by reaching the brain in sufficient concentration to prevent emesis or nausea. However, there are no well controlled studies of effectiveness, and none of absorption. We determined if ABH gel was absorbed. Methods: 10 healthy volunteers, age 25-58 (mean 37), 2 African-American and 8 Caucasian-American, applied the standard 1.0 ml dose (2 mg of lorazepam, 25 mg of diphenhydramine, and 2 mg of haloperidol in a pluronic lecithin organogel) rubbed on the volar surface of the wrists by the subject. The ABH gel was analyzed to confirm that it had ABH at proper concentrations. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180 and 240 minutes. Plasma concentrations were analyzed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPCL) or HPLC-UV. Results: No subject noted any side effects. No lorazepam (A) or haloperidol (H) was detected in any sample from any of the 10 patients down to a level of 0.05ng/mL. Diphenhydramine (B) was detectable in concentrations over the lowest calibration standard (0.1 ng/mL) in 3 patients, including one who inadvertently took an over-the-counter drug with B. The highest concentration of B recorded from ABH gel was 0.18 ng/ml in 1 person at 240 minutes. Overall, 5 of 9 patients exhibited one or more samples positive for B supporting limited absorption of B from the ABH gel. Conclusions: As commonly used, none of the lorazepam (A) or haloperidol (H) in ABH gel is absorbed in sufficient quantities to be effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting. Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is absorbed at low levels, late, and erratically. The efficacy of ABH gel should be confirmed in randomized trials before its use is recommended.
High-Density Lipoprotein — The Clinical Implications of Recent Studies
Authors: Jane F. Desforges, David J. Gordon, Basil M. Rifkind
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

DESPITE early observations suggesting an inverse relation between serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and coronary disease,1 2 3 the possible protective role of HDL in atherogenesis received little attention until its "rediscovery" by Miller and Miller4 in 1975 and the publication of confirmatory results from the Honolulu,5 Framingham,6 and Tromsø7 heart studies in 1976 and 1977. In the ensuing decade, research into the biochemistry, metabolism, epidemiology, and genetics of HDL has expanded rapidly, but many questions remain unanswered. The recent publication of the results of the Helsinki Heart Study8 , 9 — in which simultaneous 11 percent increases in HDL and reductions . . .
Clinical Usefulness of Red Cells Preserved in Protein-Poor Mediums
Authors: Claes F. Högman, Kenneth Hedlund, Henrik Zetterström
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Blood is normally collected into a combined anticoagulating and preserving medium. We performed a study to ascertain whether improvements could be made by separation of these two functions. Addition of saline-adenine-glucose solutions (40 to 100 ml per blood unit) to buffy-coat-poor red-cell concentrates allowed storage for as long as 35 days with 24-hour erythrocyte post-transfusion survival of 83 +/- 6.8 per cent (+/0 S.D.). Potassium leakage was lower, and in vitro hemolysis somewhat higher than that of whole blood. The microaggregate content after 21 days was 16 per cent of that in whole blood. In over-pressure transfusions the flow rate of red cells was the same with red-cell concentrates to which 80 to 100 ml of suspension medium had been added (hematocrit less than or equal to 60 per cent) as with whole blood. Removal of the buffy coat was essential to reduce hemolysis. We conclude that red cells can be successfully stored in a simple protein-poor medium.
Molecular characterization of antigenic polymorphisms (Ond(a) and Mart(a)) of the beta 2 family recognized by human leukocyte alloantisera
Authors: S Simsek, CE van der Schoot, M Daams, E Huiskes, M Clay, J McCullough, C van Dalen, D Stroncek, AE von dem Borne
Journal: Blood (1996)
Case 8-1994
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Richard H. Glew, David L. Swerdlow, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Presentation of CaseAn 84-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of lymphoma and the recent onset of cough and fever.The patient had been well until 12 years earlier, when well-differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma and thrombocytopenia were diagnosed. She remained well during treatment with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone until nine years before admission, when worsening thrombocytopenia was treated by prednisone (up to 80 mg daily) and splenectomy. Microscopical examination of the spleen showed findings consistent with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Thereafter the patient remained well while taking prednisone (10 mg daily) and danazol.Five years before entry the patient was . . .
Re: Immediate Versus Deferred Chemotherapy After Radical Cystectomy in Patients with pT3-pT4 or N+ M0 Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder (EORTC 30994): An Intergroup, Open-label, Randomised Phase 3 Trial
Authors: Guru Sonpavde, Sumanta Pal
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Urgent Care Needs Among Nonurgent Visits to the Emergency Department
Authors: Renee Y. Hsia, Ari B. Friedman, Matthew Niedzwiecki
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

This study uses data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to examine whether a triage determination of nonurgent status in the emergency department ruled out the possibility of serious pathologic conditions, as compared with visits deemed as urgent.
Expression of Collagenase IV (Basement Membrane Collagenase) Activity in Murine Tumor Cell Hybrids That Differ in Metastatic Potential&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T Turpeenniemi-Hujanen, U P Thorgeirsson, I R Hart, S S Grant, L A Liotta
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Expression of a basement membrane collagen-degrading metalloprotease activity (collagenase IV) was studied in a series of murine cell hybrids derived from fusions between highly metastatic cells (B16-F10RR) or moderately metastatic cells (UV-2237RR) and tumorigenic cells (K-1735 clone 16) or normal cells [peritoneal macrophages (PEC) or C3H mouse embryo fibroblasts (C3H-F)]. The collagenase IV activity of the parent cells and the hybrids was assayed in vitro and compared to the metastatic propensity of the same cells evaluated in both syngeneic (C57BL/6 X C3H/HeN)F1 mice and BALB/c nude mice. The level of collagenase IV activity secreted by the parent lines correlated with their metastatic capacity. The highly metastatic B16-F10RR line secreted the highest enzyme activity, whereas the tumorigenic but nonmetastatic K-1735 clone 16 and the normal parents PEC and C3H-F secreted the lowest enzyme activity. The enzyme activity was completely inhibited with EDTA. The hybrid derived from fusion of cells from two metastatic cell lines as well as hybrids derived from a metastatic and a nonmetastatic tumor cell line expressed higher levels of collagenase IV activity than either parent, and this expression was associated with a high ability to produce metastases in both nude and syngeneic mice. Fusion of metastatic cells with normal cells produced hybrid cells that exhibited suppression of both collagenase IV activity and metastatic capacity. Collagenase IV activity and metastatic propensity can, therefore, be altered by somatic cell hybridization; in the series of hybrids examined in these experiments the expression of type IV collagen-degrading metalloprotease activity and the metastatic ability were closely correlated, which suggests that collagenase IV activity and other properties required for metastasis are genetically linked.
Phase II randomized study of mitomycin C (MMC) as a modulator of irinotecan in patients (pts) with esophageal and GE junction adenocarcinomas
Authors: M. A. Villalona, T. Bekaii-Saab, W. Burak, P. Ross, Y. Xu, T. Criswell, W. Duan, D. Young, J. Miller, J. Kolesar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4027 Background: Based on our previous observation of topoisomerase 1 (Topo 1) upregulation by MMC in blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and antitumor activity in refractory esophageal cancer for the combination of MMC and irinotecan, we evaluated efficacy of this concept in chemotherapy naïve pts with esophageal/GE junction adenocarcinomas. Methods: Pts received irinotecan 125 mg/m2 on days 2 and 9, every 4 wks. A randomized phase II design was used to evaluate modulation by either split dose MMC (3 mg/m2, days 1 and 8 [24h prior to irinotecan]) (Arm B) or full dose MMC 6 mg/m2 on day 1 (Arm A). Pts were stratified according to locally advanced (LA) or metastatic disease (MD). Reevaluation and surgical resection was done, when possible, after 2 cycles of therapy. PBMC were collected (RNA PaxGene tubes) pretreatment and at multiple time points during therapy and analyzed for NQ01 and carboxylesterase (CE) gene mutation status, as well as for expression of NQ01, NQ01AS, CE and Topo I genes. Tumor specimens were obtained pretreatment and after 2 courses of therapy for the above mutation/expression analyses. Results: Fifty-two pts (29 MD, 22 LA) have been enrolled. 17 of 37 pts (46%) re-evaluated so far achieved antitumor responses (2 CR, 15 PR) by CT/PET criteria, whereas 12 pts had stable disease and 8 had disease progression as their best response to treatment. Response rate (RR) so far has favored Arm A (2 CR, 8 PR) as compared to Arm B (7 PR). 15 pts underwent successful esophagectomy. No pathological CR occurred, and lymph node involvement was present in 12 pts. Cisplatin/5FU/XRT was administered to all pts with LN involvement at surgery and when feasible to unresectable patients. PBMC Topo 1 analyses are currently available in 12 pts: 4 Arm A, 8 Arm B. Topo 1 induction (≥10 fold from baseline) was present in 3 of 4 pts in Arm A and in 2 of 8 in Arm B. Full laboratory correlates will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: The combination of MMC and irinotecan in esophageal/GE junction tumors is feasible and clinically active. Data supporting the best schedule of modulation and molecular mechanisms behind this interaction should be available at the completion of this trial. (Supported by NCI R21 CA92956–01) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pouchitis Is a Common Complication in Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Following Ileal Pouch–Anal Anastomosis
Authors: Kevin P. Quinn, Amy L. Lightner, Richard S. Pendegraft, Felicity T. Enders, Lisa A. Boardman, Laura E. Raffals
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Cancer communication in the social media age: Could Twitter help clinical trial accrual?
Authors: Mina Samir Sedrak, Roger B. Cohen, Raina M. Merchant, Marilyn M. Schapira
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

194 Background: Twitter, a social networking site, is transforming communication. Effective use of Twitter might be one way to communicate with the public about cancer clinical trials and increase awareness and perhaps enrollment. We conducted a content analysis of tweets about lung cancer, describing dialogues specific to lung cancer clinical trials and seeing where embedded-links in tweets about therapeutic trials are leading the public. Methods: We used the Twitter search engine to identify a cohort of 26,059 tweets with the keyword “lung cancer” from January 5 - 21, 2015. Tweets were captured and prepared using Nvivo qualitative data analysis software. Duplicate and non-English tweets were excluded. Of the remaining 15,346 unique tweets, 1,516 (10%) were randomly selected for detailed content analysis (kappa = 0.71). Tweets related to clinical trials underwent further analysis to categorize the trial type and embedded-links. University of Pennsylvania IRB exempted this study from review. Results: Most, 83% (1,260/1,516) of tweets in our sample contained lung cancer-specific content and 17% (256/1,516) were categorized as miscellaneous (e.g., extraneous content, non-sequiturs). Table 1 shows the distribution of content categories of lung cancer related tweets by frequency. Most of the tweets focused on support or prevention. Among the lung cancer related tweets, 18% (221/1,260) related to clinical trials. Of clinical trial tweets, 83% (183/221) concerned therapeutic trials, 13% (28/221) non-therapeutic, and 4% (10/221) basic research. Among the therapeutic clinical trial tweets, 79% (144/183) concerned immunotherapy and 86% (158/183) had embedded-links directing users to news articles. Only 1 tweet linked to a patient recruitment website. Conclusions: A significant proportion of lung cancer tweets are about clinical trials, but virtually none direct patients to enrollment sites. Twitter is a new communication medium for the cancer community, and further research is needed to test its potential to promote clinical trial accrual. [Table: see text]
A Comparison of Coronary-Artery Stenting with Angioplasty for Isolated Stenosis of the Proximal Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery
Authors: Francesco Versaci, Achille Gaspardone, Fabrizio Tomai, Filippo Crea, Luigi Chiariello, Pier A. Gioffrè
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Randomized studies have shown that the use of coronary-artery stenting as the initial treatment for coronary stenosis is associated with a lower risk of restenosis than is standard coronary angioplasty. We prospectively investigated the efficacy of these two approaches in selected patients with isolated stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery.
S64 Alveolar epithelial type II cell expression of VEGF-Axxxa is critical for development of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF): an anti-fibrotic role for VEGF-Axxxb anti-angiogenic isoforms?
Authors: SL Barratt, T Blythe, C Jarrett, K Ourradi, GI Welsh, C Scotton, DO Bates, AB Millar
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> VEGF has been implicated in the development of IPF. Alternative splicing of the VEGF-A gene generates numerous isoforms. The differential effects of these isoforms, in particular the VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b family, thought to have several opposing functions to the conventional family of isoforms (VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>a), have not been considered. <h3>Hypothesis</h3> The balance of VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>a:VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b isoform expression is important in the pathogenesis of IPF. VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b isoforms may be protective against the formation of pulmonary fibrosis (PF). <h3>Methods</h3> Normal and IPF lung lysates (n = 5) were analysed by western blotting (WB), and ELISA using an antibodies specific for PanVEGF-A and VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b isoforms. The Bleomycin (BLM)-induced model of PF was used in conjunction with two transgenic (TG) mouse models, developed to explore the role of ATII-derived VEGF in the development of PF: 1) a conditionally inducible, ATII-specific, VEGF knock-out mouse (STCLL mice) and 2) a TG mouse over-expressing VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b in ATII cells (MMTV-VEGF<sub>165</sub>b). To explore the therapeutic potential of VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b in PF, wild-type mice were administered intraperitoneal (IP) injections of VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b, commencing 10 days after BLM challenge. In all experiments fibrosis was assessed histologically using Masson’s Trichrome, with blinded scoring of tissue sections. <h3>Results</h3> By WB (n = 3) and ELISA (n = 5) there was no significant difference in PanVEGF-A expression between normal and IPF lung homogenates (<i>t</i>-test, p &gt; 0.05). In contrast, VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b expression was significantly increased in these same IPF samples compared to control, by ELISA (<i>t</i>-test, ****p &lt; 0.0001) and WB (Densitometry: <i>t</i>-test, *p &lt; 0.05). Specific deletion of VEGF-A from ATII cells of mice ameliorated the development of BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis (n = 5, Lung fibrosis score: ANOVA with Holm’s Sidak **p &lt; 0.01). Over-expression of VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b in ATII cells also ameliorated the development of pulmonary fibrosis (n = 6, Lung fibrosis score: ANOVA with Holm’s Sidak ***p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, delivery of VEGF-A<sub>165</sub>b, specifically during the fibrotic phase of the BLM model, also attenuated lung fibrosis development (n = 6, Lung fibrosis score: ANOVA with Holm’s Sidak *p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Changes in the bioavailability of ATII cell-derived VEGF-A, namely the ratio of VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>a:VEGF-A<sub>xxx</sub>b, appear critical to the development of pulmonary fibrosis. This data suggests that more a targeted approach to anti-VEGF-A therapy in IPF should be explored.
Diagnosis of depression in children: a reassessment
Authors: L Cytryn, D H McKnew, W E Bunney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The recent interest in childhood depression has exacerbated the confusion about nosology of this disorder. The authors have attempted to synthesize the latest thinking of several groups working in this area. They present a point-by-point comparison between the diagnostic criteria of Cytryn and McKnew, Weinberg, Kovac's CDI, and DSM-III. There is a striking overlap between these criteria with minor exceptions. This comparison led the authors to conclude that childhood and adult diagnostic criteria for affective disorders are very similar, and DSM-III is a valid instrument for diagnosing childhood affective disorder.
Carcinogenic ERect of 2,2′-Dimethyldipropylnitrosamine in Syrian Hamsters2
Authors: Jürgen Althoff, Michael Eagen, Carter Grandjean
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Oxidation at the beta carbon occurred in metabolism of di-n-propylnitrosamine (DPN), previously shown to be carcinogenic for animals. When 2,2′-dimethyldipropyl-nitrosamine (DMDPN) was injected sc once a week for life into male and female Syrian hamsters at levels of 500, 250, 125, and 62.5 mg/kg body weight, it induced neoplasms in the nasal cavities, larynx, trachea, and stem bronchi. Since the presence of a methyl group on the beta carbon suggested that DMDPN could not undergo beta oxidation, the carcinogenicity of DPN for these portions of the respiratory tract was probably unrelated to beta oxidation, though earlier experiments had indicated the possibility of this mechanism. Because DMDPN failed to induce neoplasms in other organs, the carcinogenicity of DPN or its beta metabolites for the lungs, liver, pancreas, and kidneys was not explained by this experiment.