tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cysticercosis in Peace Corps Volunteers in Madagascar
Authors: Peter Leutscher, Abel Andriantsimahavandy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

To the Editor: Cysticercosis is a tissue infection with the larval stage (cysticercus) of the tapeworm Taenia solium. Neurocysticercosis is considered to be the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system and the main cause of late-onset epilepsy in areas where the infection is endemic.1 Cases of neurocysticercosis are increasingly being reported in the United States.2 Improved diagnostic techniques and immigration from areas where the infection is endemic are factors that have contributed to this increase, but also frequently reported cases among travelers suggest that this is a group at particular risk for cysticercosis.3 Neurocysticercosis is diagnosed . . .
Budget Sequestration and the U.S. Health Sector
Authors: John E. McDonough
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Interview with Dr. John McDonough on the effects of the sequester and Congress's 2014 budget proposals on the U.S. health care sector. (16:50)Download The failure of Congress and the President to agree on a deficit-reduction plan is triggering $85 billion in cuts in federal agencies and programs that will curtail many important government functions and activities affecting the health sector and Americans' health.
Abstract LB-331: Protein expression signatures of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibition
Authors: Matt Myers, Daniel C. Liebler
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract We have applied standardized shotgun and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) proteomic platforms to detect protein expression changes associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) stimulation and inhibition in A431 carcinoma cells. These experiments compared proliferating, stimulated (30 nmol EGF, 4h) with cells co-treated with EGF and either cetuximab (10 μg/ml) or gefitinib (500 nmol). The analyses are done by shotgun proteomics with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), using isoelectric focusing of peptide mixtures, followed by reverse phase LC-MS/MS on a Thermo LTQ instrument. Protein inventories (≥2 peptides per protein at 5% peptide FDR) for each set were approximately 3800 proteins at &amp;lt; 3% protein FDR. Differential protein expression was estimated by comparison of spectral count data with a generalized linear modeling (GLM) approach. EGF stimulation induced expression changes in 148 proteins. Effects of the inhibitors on this “stimulation signature” were then determined by GLM comparisons of spectral count data for cetuximab- and gefitinib-treated cell proteomes. These analyses identified 13 proteins whose EGF-induced expression was reversed by both drugs, 15 proteins reversed by cetuximab and 57 proteins reversed by gefitinib. Targeted MRM analysis verified differential expression of the 13 proteins reversed by both drugs, which comprise an “EGF inhibition signature”. These include the transcription factors c-Jun and JunD and the cell cycle inhibitor Cip1, which were upregulated by EGF and the protein CCDC50, which was decreased by EGF. MRM analyses also identified EGF-induced protein expression changes that were selectively reversed by either cetuximab or gefitinib. Serum deprivation, rather than EGF stimulation may account for a subset of the 106 protein changes that were not reversed by inhibitors in EGF treated cells. Our analyses also identified 87 and 149 proteins that were not affected by EGF, yet were significantly altered by cetuximab and gefitinib, respectively. Activation of the EGFR axis is typically measured via the phosphorylation status of EGFR tyrosine kinase substrates and downstream targets, but these measurements are difficult to achieve in tissues due to the low abundance of phosphorylated protein forms and the challenge of preserving phosphorylation status during sample preparation. Protein expression changes directed by EGFR activation may provide more robust measures of EGFR activation and inhibition. Ongoing studies will test the hypothesis that an EGF inhibition signature provides an early index of therapeutic responses to EGFR-targeted cancer therapies. (Supported by NIH Grant U54CA126479) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-331. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-331
The New β-Lactamases
Authors: George A. Jacoby, Luisa Silvia Munoz-Price
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

The β-lactamases are the major bacterial defense of gram-negative bacteria against β-lactam antibiotics. This review details the many types of β-lactamases, explains how they can be detected, and summarizes information on the genetics of this form of resistance. The authors also suggest strategies for clinical management and prevention of this difficult type of antibiotic resistance.
Abstract 3145: Comparing the reproducibility and prognostic value of proliferation markers Ki67, MAI, PPH3 in node negative breast cancer
Authors: Jan P. Baak, Einar Gudlaugsson, Ivar Skaland, Anais Malpica, Shao Zhimin, Emilius Janssen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background. The proliferation factor Ki67 is prognostic but determination methods differ. Their reproducibility and independent prognostic value is largely unknown. Aim. To evaluate the reproducibility of different Ki67 assessment methods and compare their prognostic value with Mitotic Activity Index (MAI), Phosphohistone-3 (PPH3) and other prognosticators. Methods. In 240 T1,2N0M0 breast cancers without systemic adjuvant treatment, standardized automated quantitative immunohistochemistry was used for Ki7 and PPH3 and a strictly formalized protocol for MAI assessment. The percentages of Ki67 positive nuclei were assessed by two pathologists, computerized interactive morphometry (CIM) and fully automated digital image analysis (DIA). Reproducibility was studied by duplicate blind assessments. Continuous variables were discretized. We analyzed the prognostic value of widely used Ki67 thresholds (15%, 20%), others). We also tested at which places within the tumour (periphery, center), Ki67 was prognostically strongest. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed. Results. The Ki67 results of the two pathologists differed and their optimal prognostic thresholds greatly varied (4% and 14%). Moreover, Ki67% by one pathologist was well reproducible but not strongly prognostic, the other was strongly prognostic but not well reproducible. On the other hand, subjective Ki67% assessments were strongly prognostic (&amp;lt;0.0001) over a wide range of Ki67% thresholds (between 5% and 20%) (with an optimum Hazard Ratio for thresholds between 10%-14%). DIA-Ki67 and CIM-Ki67 were very well reproducible (r&amp;gt;0.99 and 0.94) and also strongly prognostic (P&amp;lt;0.0001 for both methods). Ki67 determinations are prognostically strongest in the periphery of the tumor. DIA-Ki67-6.5 is the strongest prognosticator, overshadowing subjective Ki67 assessments, Ki67-15% and 20% thresholds, tumor diameter, grade, ER, PR, Her2, CK5-6. CIM-Ki67 is a cheap well reproducible strongly prognostic alternative. MAI (&amp;lt;3 versus ≥3) or PPH3 (&amp;lt;13 versus ≥13) were slightly prognostically stronger than Ki67-DIA and considerably stronger than Ki-67-CIM. Conclusions. In node negative breast cancer without adjuvant systemic treatment, Ki67 by digital image analysis or computerized morphometry but not by subjective counts is well reproducible and prognostically strong. MAI or PPH3 were prognostically slightly stronger. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3145. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3145
Did narcolepsy occur following administration of AS03-adjuvanted A(H1N1) pandemic vaccine in Ontario, Canada? A review of post-marketing safety surveillance data
Authors: T Harris, K Wong, L Stanford, J Fediurek, N Crowcroft, S L Deeks
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

A vaccine safety signal and association between new onset of narcolepsy and AS03-adjuvanted pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccine (Pandemrix, GlaxoSmithKline) in children and young adults has been reported in several European countries. In Ontario, Canada, AS03-adjuvanted pandemic A(H1N1) vaccine (Arepanrix, GlaxoSmithKline) was the primary vaccine administered in 2009/10, with 4.8 million doses distributed. We assessed post-marketing safety surveillance data by extracting adverse events following immunisation (AEFIs) associated with this vaccine from the integrated Public Health Information System. Reports were screened for key terms related to narcolepsy and further limited to children and young adults four to 29 years of age. Of 1,604 AEFIs reported in Ontario, 53 reports met the search criteria. Individual assessment by a nurse consultant for additional context suggestive of narcolepsy yielded five reports for secondary medical review. None of the five reports proved consistent with a possible narcolepsy diagnosis based on the available information. We present the first post-marketing assessment from Canada of narcolepsy reports following receipt of Arepanix. Continued investigation of differences between Arepanrix and Pandemrix and subsequent risk of narcolepsy is indicated. In light of the limitations of passive surveillance to detect a signal in this instance, validation using other data sources is prudent.
A CCR2 macrophage endocytic pathway mediates extravascular fibrin clearance in vivo
Authors: Michael P. Motley, Daniel H. Madsen, Henrik J. Jürgensen, David E. Spencer, Roman Szabo, Kenn Holmbeck, Matthew J. Flick, Daniel A. Lawrence, Francis J. Castellino, Roberto Weigert, Thomas H. Bugge
Journal: Blood (2015)
Detection of Widespread Metastasis in a Case of Aggressive Carcinoma Showing Thymuslike Differentiation (CASTLE Disease) Using 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Ikponmwosa Iyamu, Jason Wachsmann, John Truelson, Dana Mathews, Fangyu Peng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 30-year-old man had a diagnosis of aggressive carcinoma showing thymuslike differentiation (CASTLE disease) and underwent thyroidectomy for tumor resection and bilateral cervical lymph node dissection. Multiple hypermetabolic nodal metastases were detected in the neck and upper mediastinum with fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT). The patient received radiation therapy and chemotherapy for treatment of metastases. Follow-up (18)F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated resolution of several hypermetabolic lesions previously seen in the neck, but innumerable new hypermetabolic metastatic lesions were visualized. The patient died of this aggressive CASTLE disease despite treatment with surgery, radiation, and systemic chemotherapy.
994 UNRESECTABLE HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA: TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOEMBOLIZATION EXCLUSIVE OR COMBINED WITH LOCAL TREATMENT. MONOCENTRIC STUDY ABOUT 290 CONSECUTIVE PATIENTS (2007-2011)
Authors: X. Adhoute, P. Castellani, H. Perrier, B. Pol, O. Bayle, A. Kahloun, C. Boustiere, A. Laquière, J.-B. Paoli, O. Monnet, P. Beaurain, M. Julien, O. Lebars, X. Hanna, G. Penaranda, M. Bourliere
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abstract 3071: Frequent silencing of <i>protocadherin 17</i>, a candidate tumour suppressor for esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma
Authors: Issei Imoto, Shigeo Haruki, Ken-ich Kozaki, Takeshi Matsui, Hiroshi Kawachi, Shuhei Komatsu, Tomoki Muramatsu, Yutaka Shimada, Tatsuyuki Kawano, Johji Inazawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Protocadherins are a subfamily of the cadherin superfamily, but little is known about their functions. We identified a homozygous loss of protocadherin 17 (PCDH17) in the course of a program to screen a panel of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell lines for genomic copy-number aberrations. PCDH17 mRNA was expressed in normal esophageal tissue but not in the majority of ESCC cell lines without a homozygous deletion of this gene, and restored in gene-silenced ESCC cells after treatment with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine. The DNA methylation status of the PCDH17 CpG-island correlated inversely with the PCDH17 expression, and a putative methylation-target region showed promoter activity. The methylation of the PCDH17 promoter was also associated with the silencing of gene expression in primary ESCC at least partly. Among primary ESCC cases, the silencing of PCDH17 protein expression was associated with a poorer differentiation status of ESCC cells, and possibly with prognosis in a subset of this tumour. Restoration of PCDH17 expression in ESCC cells reduced cell proliferation and migration/invasion. These results suggest that silencing of PCDH17 expression through hypermethylation of the promoter or other mechanisms leads to loss of its tumour-suppressive activity, which may be a factor in the carcinogenesis of at least some ESCCs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3071.
New Bank Stores Cord Blood for Future Use
Authors: J. Randal
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article New Bank Stores Cord Blood for Future Use Get access Judith Randal Judith Randal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 3, February 1995, Pages 166–167, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.3.166 Published: 01 February 1995
PTU-007 Development Of A Smartphone App To Aid The Clinical Management Of Polyposis Syndromes
Authors: GH Lee, A Latchford, RK Phillips, SK Clark
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Smartphone “apps” are becoming increasingly used by health care professionals (HCPs) as a quick and easy guide for delivering evidence-based medicine. “Apps” are particularly effective in providing guidelines accessible from a smartphone with contents that can be updated frequently. The Polyposis Registry at our institution has spearheaded the formulation of guidelines for the management of inherited polyposis syndromes. We set out to develop these into “app” form. <h3>Methods</h3> Essential content of our institution’s guidelines (based on published guidelines) was selected by a multidisciplinary team and edited to suitable format for the “app” programmers, and a trial version was produced. This was tested by a group of HCPs (colorectal surgeons, gastroenterologists, nurse specialists). A questionnaire was sent out after the trial to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of the “app”. <h3>Results</h3> Eighteen HCPs trialled the “app”. 89% found it relevant and useful in their clinical practice, and would use it at least once a month. 83% said that it provided the information they required, and all would recommend it to a colleague. None considered it hard to use. Some improvements were suggested, which will be implemented in the final version offered externally. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We present an “app” which provides our evidence-based guidelines for the management of polyposis syndromes in an easily accessible and updatable form, and describe its development. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
On Rubella in Pregnancy
Authors: J. Bell
Journal: BMJ (1959)

Continuous mouth and arterial pressures were recorded during trumpet playing.A professional reached 160 mm.Hg blown pressure on loud high notes; less skilled performers were unable to reach such pressures.The circulatory effects of prolonged playing were those of a formidable Valsalva manceuvre.Dizziness or black-out may result.
The care.data programme: explicit detail on protocols and safeguards is needed
Authors: N. Mann
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The suggestion that doctors’ concerns about the use, and potential misuse, of patient data amounts to “scaremongering” by the “anti-data lobby” is ridiculous and naive.1

No one doubts the merits of a coherent and integrated database with which to conduct valid research to improve medical knowledge and healthcare.

However, the cognisant and sceptical among us …
AB1218 Anakinra and canakinumab in children suffering from systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, from cryopyrin associated fever syndromes or from recurrences of pericardial effusion
Authors: W. Emminger, S. Dufek, E. Perneczky-Hintringer, D. Luckner, S. Fodor, A. Ulbrich
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The blockade of interleukin 1 has been shown to reduce the corticosteroid (CS) dependence in children suffering from systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (soJIA) and from cryopyrin-associated fever syndromes (CAPS). <h3>Methods</h3> We show the clinical experiences in 9 pediatric patients, who were treated in a pediatric rheumatologic outpatient center. 6 children were suffering from soJIA, 2 from CAPS and one from recurrent episodes of pericardial effusion after stopping CS. <h3>Results</h3> In January 2012, five of six children with soJIA are off steroids for 13, 17, 38, 43 and 53 months, respectively. The daily doses of anakinra ranged from 1 to 4 mg/kg. The sixth child suffered from soJIA with relapsing episodes of macrophage-activation syndrome. We observed a decrease in inflammatory parameters (ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A), but the inflammatory disease was continuing and the girl developed lung failure due to the chronic inflammatory state of activated macrophages. Therapy was changed from anakinra, methotrexate and corticosteroids to cyclophosphamide, the interleukin-6 antibody tocilizumab and high doses of daily CS. With the latter therapy all inflammatory parameters returned to normal values. Two children are suffering from Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) and neonatal onset multiinflammatory disease (NOMID). Both children showed rapid clinical response to 1-2 mg/kg anakinra per day. The therapy was changed from anakinra to the interleukin 1β-antibody canakinumab, with continuing benefit. One adolescent experienced relapsing courses of pericardial effusion through 10 months whenever CS doses have been gradually reduced. CS could be reduced and stopped during concomitant Anakinra therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The observations in the presented nine children show that anakinra and canakinumab are effective therapy for many children suffering from soJIA, for those suffering from CAPS and may be effective therapy for some children suffering from non-infectious relapsing pericardial effusions. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Regional Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Glucose Evaluation and Clinical Assessment in Patients With Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus Before and After Ventricular Shunt Placement
Authors: Maria Lucia Calcagni, Silvia Taralli, Annunziato Mangiola, Luca Indovina, Mariadea Lavalle, Pasquale De Bonis, Carmelo Anile, Alessandro Giordano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We prospectively evaluated the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (CMRglu) before and after ventricular shunt placement in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients, to investigate whether some brain regions are more involved than others; we also correlated the individual variations of CMRglu with the clinical scale score assessment after shunting.Twenty iNPH patients (12 men; mean age 73 ± 9 years) underwent clinical scale score assessment and F-FDG PET-CT before and 1 week after shunting.Before shunting, CMRglu values were similar in right and left brain regions, as well as after shunting. After shunting, 17 of 20 iNPH patients were clinically improved; all scale scores decreased, and CMRglu significantly increased in all regions (P < 10). In 3 of 20 iNPH patients, the symptoms persisted, the scale scores did not change, and CMRglu increased only in 3 regions: left frontal, left putamen, and right thalamus. Before shunting, no difference in global CMRglu between clinically improved (n = 17) and not improved (n = 3) iNPH patients was found. After shunting, a significant (P = 0.01) correlation between individual variations of CMRglu and clinical assessment was found.These findings confirm that iNPH is a disease involving all cerebral regions almost in the same way, and shunt procedure has a similar effect on regional cerebral metabolism almost in the same way. Individual variations of CMRglu are more important than absolute values and correlate with clinical status after shunting. Clinical improvement depends not only on the capability to restore the cerebrospinal fluid dynamic, but also on the ability of cerebral parenchyma to recover the metabolic function.
Time for a Different Approach to Lyme Disease and Long-Term Symptoms
Authors: Michael T. Melia, Paul G. Auwaerter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

The condition of most patients with Lyme disease improves after initial antibiotic therapy; however, 10 to 20% of treated patients may have lingering symptoms of fatigue, musculoskeletal pains, disrupted sleep, and lack of customary mental functions. The plausible idea that additional antimicrobial therapy for potentially persistent bacterial infection would foster improvement has been a touchstone of hope in the 40 years since discovery of the disease in the mid-1970s. Patients with long-standing symptoms and well-documented, previously treated Lyme disease have been the focus of a number of randomized, placebo-controlled studies in North America that assessed whether additional antibiotic therapy offers . . .
MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND CANCER: THE ORBIT-AF REGISTRY
Authors: Chiara Melloni, Peter Shrader, Joseph Carver, Jonathan Piccini, Gregg Fonarow, Jack Ansell, Bernard Gersh, Alan Go, Elaine Hylek, Irving Herling, Kenneth Mahaffey, Eric Peterson, Peter Kowey
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
The Use of an Implantable Insulin Pump in the Treatment of Type II Diabetes
Authors: William M. Rupp, Jose J. Barbosa, Perry J. Blackshear, Hildreth B. McCarthy, Thomas D. Rohde, Fay J. Goldenberg, Thomas G. Rublein, Frank D. Dorman, Henry Buchwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We treated five patients with Type II diabetes by means of a subcutaneously implanted intravenous insulin pump and compared their metabolic response with that observed during conventional insulin therapy. The use of the pump improved control of glycemia, as manifested by reductions in mean plasma glucose (from 188±46 to 106±12 mg per deciliter [mean ±S.D.]), fasting glucose (from 187±42 to 80±13 mg per deciliter), and postprandial glucose (from 287±74 to 182±29 mg per deciliter), together with a diminution of glycemic excursion and normalization of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (from 12.1 ±2 to 8.0±1 per cent). At the end of the study the pumps had been in place for a mean of 7.0 months (range, 5.5 to 9.7 months) without mishap and with good patient acceptance. Our data suggest that improved blood glucose control can be achieved by means of a permanently implanted continuous insulin-infusion device in ambulatory patients with Type II diabetes who require insulin, and that the need for daily insulin injections can thereby be eliminated. (N Engl J Med. 307; 1982:265–70.)
Awards, Appointments, Announcements
Authors: L. Schwab
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Awards, Appointments, Announcements Get access Linda Schwab Linda Schwab Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 13, 3 July 1991, Pages 912–914, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.13.912 Published: 03 July 1991