tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract BL2: Lessons learned from an expedition exploring the world of HER2 positive breast cancer
Authors: M Piccart
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract HER2 positive breast cancer (BC) is often cited as a model of “treatment individualization”. This presentation will attempt to review the biomarker research efforts for this disease, with a special focus on the work coordinated by the Institut Jules Bordet in the advanced setting and the work of the Breast International Group (BIG) in the adjuvant setting. Biomarker (BM) exploration in the context of the CLEOPATRA and EMILIA trials has highlighted the poor prognosis associated with PiK3CA mutations, but has failed to identify any predictive BM beyond HER2. Our group, in collaboration with Dutch cancer centers, has prospectively “imaged” 57 patients under T-DM1 treatment using both “target imaging” (trastuzumab-zirconium PET) and FDG-PET: 4 imaging patterns have emerged, providing a striking illustration of advanced disease heterogeneity. Ongoing work will confirm whether these molecular imaging patterns can help to refine the selection of anti-HER2 therapies and, more specifically, support early discontinuation of expensive drug treatment that is unlikely to benefit patients. The translational research programs of BIG in the context of its (neo)adjuvant trials for HER2-positive BC will be reviewed and put into the context of findings by other researchers as well as the real needs of patients, which include the following: Can aggressive chemotherapy be avoided ? Can duration of treatment be shortened? Who does not need treatment “escalation”? Citation Format: Piccart M. Lessons learned from an expedition exploring the world of HER2 positive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr BL2.
Lawyers' use of psychiatry: II
Authors: E P Benedek, M L Selzer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors surveyed 124 attorneys by mail questionnaires regarding their use of and attitudes toward psychiatric referrals. They found that, compared with a similar survey in 1965, fewer attorneys made referrals, but those who did made more. As in 1965, domestic problems were the usual reasons for referral in 1975; however, substantially more referrals of criminal defendants were made in 1975.
ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS.
Authors: C FORKNER, J PAUL, W STIMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The question whether acute anterior poliomyelitis is a primary degenerative parenchymatous process, or an interstitial inflammatory change connected with the vessels, has remained a disputed question since the time ofCharcot.Bulow-HansenandHarbitz<sup>1</sup>had occasion to study two cases of acute anterior poliomyelitis, in which death occurred in one case on the seventh, in the other on the fifth day. The cases concerned young brothers, one 5 years old, the other 4; the third brother, 2½ years old, was also attacked at the same time but recovered. Nothing definite could be found in regard to the external etiology of this small group of cases. The changes in the two fatal cases were quite alike; there was quite marked hyperemia of the cerebrospinal membranes, with some perivascular invasion, especially in the bottom of the anterior commissure. The hyperemia has spread to all the vessels in the spinal cord, and
CR-02SPINAL METASTASIS IN CHILDHOOD-ONSET CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA – CASE REPORT, REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND EXPERIENCES IN THE GERMAN CHILDHOOD-ONSET CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA REGISTRY
Authors: Martin Jaspers, Anika Hoffmann, Kristin Lohle, Angela Brentrup, Hermann L. Müller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

CR-02. SPINAL METASTASIS IN CHILDHOOD-ONSET CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA – CASE REPORT, REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND EXPERIENCES IN THE GERMAN CHILDHOOD-ONSET CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA REGISTRY Martin Jaspers1,2, Anika Hoffmann1, Kristin Lohle1, Angela Brentrup3, and Hermann L. Muller1; Dep. of Pediatrics, Klinikum Oldenburg, Medical Campus University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany; UMCG, Groningen, Germany; Dep. of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Munster, Germany BACKGROUND: Remote recurrence and metastasis are unusual complications in childhood-onset adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma mainly occurring either along a previous surgical route. CASE DESCRIPTION: An eleven year old girl initially presented with headache as well as nausea. A sellar/suprasellar mass was detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Initial surgery resulted in complete resection (CR) based on intraoperative microscopic inspection. CR was confirmed by postoperative MRI. The tumor was histologically determined to be an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Seven years after initial CR, the patient presented with back pain spreading to the ventral side of the upper legs as well as a loss of strength. MRI showed a spinal neoplasm at the levelof T12/L1 without anysign of local sellar/suprasellar recurrence. The patient underwent a spinal tumor resection without complications. Histological analysis confirmed the spinal tumor to be a metastasis of the initial adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Currently, the patient is in complete remission 8 years after CR of the sellar/suprasellar craniopharyngioma and 14 months after CR of a spinal metastasis of craniopharyngioma. Only one case of an adult patient with spinal metastasis of an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma has been reported in the literature up to now. Our case represents the first case of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma with spinal metastasis in the total cohort of 582 patients, recruited prospectively in the German childhood craniopharyngioma registry. CONCLUSIONS: We report the first case of remote spinal recurrence of a childhood-onset adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. Spinal metastasis should be considered in long-term follow-up of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma patients with symptoms of spinal cord compression. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii18–iii23, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now068.2 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Efficacy of Sofosbuvir Plus Ribavirin in Veterans With Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 2 Infection, Compensated Cirrhosis, and Multiple Comorbidities
Authors: Samuel B. Ho, Alexander Monto, Adam Peyton, David E. Kaplan, Sean Byrne, Scott Moon, Amanda Copans, Lorenzo Rossaro, Anupma Roy, Hadley Le, Hadas Dvory-Sobol, Yanni Zhu, Diana M. Brainard, William Guyer, Obaid Shaikh, Michael Fuchs, Timothy R. Morgan, Geri Brown, Ramsey Cheung, Michael Fuchs, Bruce Gilliam, Sam Ho, Lennox Jeffers, David Kaplan, Joseph Lim, Alexander Monto, Timothy Morgan, Susanna Naggie, Prashant Pandya, Adam Peyton, David Rimland, Obaid Shaikh, Rohit Talwani, Boris Yoffee, Emily Cartwright
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
A Cancer-Related Fatigue Clinic: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Carmen P. Escalante, Ellen Manzullo, Rosalie Valdres
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2003)

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most prevalent symptom of cancer, occurring in 60% to 90% of patients and surpassing pain in frequency. CRF may increase patients' anxieties and hamper their quality of life. We developed a CRF clinic in 1998 because we believed there needed to be a more focused effort on the education, evaluation, and treatment of CRF for our patients. Since then, we have gained clinical insights into the planning, development, and evolution of this endeavor. Our objective is to share our experiences and provide preliminary analysis of the first 123 patients evaluated in this clinic.
Toward Less-Invasive Management of Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Amy Cyr
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

Patients with early-stage breast cancer today are benefitting from a growing trend toward less-invasive disease staging and management. This is occurring as a result of molecular profiling to refine treatment, surgical approaches that improve cosmesis, radiotherapy approaches that are more convenient and less likely to produce toxicity, and the discontinuation of routine axillary dissection. Less-aggressive treatments yield better quality of life, which is very important in a malignancy with excellent long-term outcomes.
Osteoarthritis: Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Keith Sinusas
Journal: BMJ (1961)

Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disorder of the articular cartilage associated with hypertrophic bone changes. Risk factors include genetics, female sex, past trauma, advancing age, and obesity. The diagnosis is based on a history of joint pain worsened by movement, which can lead to disability in activities of daily living. Plain radiography may help in the diagnosis, but laboratory testing usually does not. Pharmacologic treatment should begin with acetaminophen and step up to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Exercise is a useful adjunct to treatment and has been shown to reduce pain and disability. The supplements glucosamine and chondroitin can be used for moderate to severe osteoarthritis when taken in combination. Corticosteroid injections provide inexpensive, short-term (four to eight weeks) relief of osteoarthritic flare-ups of the knee, whereas hyaluronic acid injections are more expensive but can maintain symptom improvement for longer periods. Total joint replacement of the hip, knee, or shoulder is recommended for patients with chronic pain and disability despite maximal medical therapy.
Abstract B59: The adhesion molecule L1: a new driver in ovarian cancer vasculature.
Authors: Francesca Angiolini, Elena Magrini, Pier Paolo Di Fiore, Ugo Cavallaro
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) represents an outstanding clinical challenge due to its high mortality rate, tumor relapse and chemoresistance. The identification of novel targets and strategies for the treatment of OC is clearly an unmet need in clinical oncology. In this context, drugs that interfere with tumor neovascularization have shown some promising results in recent clinical trials. However, anti-angiogenic therapies in most cases exhibit only transient and insufficient efficacy, resulting in tumor recurrence in patients after several months of treatment. Thus, the definition of tumor vasculature biomarkers and of druggable molecular targets within cancer-associated angiogenesis will represent a breakthrough in this field. Our laboratory has obtained compelling evidence that L1, an adhesion molecule that plays a key role in neural development, is aberrantly expressed in tumor vasculature. Furthermore, we have recently reported that vascular L1 plays a pivotal role in tumor angiogenesis and represents a viable target for therapies directed against cancer-associated vessels (Magrini et al., JCI, 2014). However, the functional role of L1 in endothelial cells and its contribution to tumor angiogenesis remain elusive. Based on the observation that L1 is particularly abundant in OC vasculature as compared to normal tissue, we hypothesized that the loss of endothelial L1 would affect OC development. To test this hypothesis, we have established a syngeneic model of ovarian tumorigenesis in conditional knockout mice with the endothelium-specific ablation of L1. Interestingly, we observed that vascular L1 is causally involved in the peritoneal metastasis of OC, thus implicating L1 in tumor dissemination. In addition, the loss of endothelial L1 results in tumor vessel normalization, a process that has been proposed to enhance the efficacy of systemic chemotherapy. Mechanistically, L1 emerged as a master regulator of the endothelial transcriptional and signaling activity, and was capable of orchestrating multiple functions of endothelial cells, thus accounting for the aberrant pathophysiology of cancer vessels. We are currently capitalizing on these observations to define the molecular mechanisms underlying such a pleiotropic role on the OC vasculature. Our data may pave the way to innovative anti-angiogenic and/or vessel-normalizing therapies for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Francesca Angiolini, Elena Magrini, Pier Paolo Di Fiore, Ugo Cavallaro. The adhesion molecule L1: a new driver in ovarian cancer vasculature. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B59.
Serum Creatine-Phosphokinase in Thyroid Disease
Authors: F A GRAIG, G ROSS
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Neuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Igor V Aksenov
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

to the editor: Boulton et al. (July 1 issue)1 state that foot ulceration in diabetes is caused by several factors acting together, but particularly by neuropathy. They also assert that direct evidence of a link between glycemic control and healing of neuropathic ulcers is lacking. However, there is good evidence that glycemic control delays the progression of neuropathy.2 I am surprised that glucose control or normalization is not specifically advocated. Furthermore, the American Diabetes Association and others recommend normalization of blood glucose levels as an important component of the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot wounds.3-5 Hernan R. Chang, M.D.
Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Daniel B. Drachman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

MYASTHENIA gravis is a neuromuscular disorder manifested by weakness and fatigability of voluntary muscles. The clinical features were well known by the turn of the century,1 , 2 and little has subsequently been added to the classic descriptions of the disease. The similarity between myasthenia gravis and curare poisoning, and the remarkable response of many patients to anticholinesterase drugs,3 , 4 first pointed to the neuromuscular junction as the general region of the abnormality. However, the exact site and nature of the process remained elusive, until the development and application of a new set of tools —the neurotoxins derived from certain snake venoms —permitted . . .
Soundings: Go gently, please
Authors: Liam Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

One of our most solemn duties is to confirm that life has fled away into the darkness and can no longer claim any pension entitlements. Sometimes this can be easy, like when there's no head, but sometimes it can be a tough call, and once I got it very wrong.

I had known Jimmy many years ago, so when I saw his widow I went over to pay my respects. I was embarrassed that I hadn't attended the wake (de rigueur in Ireland), so I over-compensated a tad. I talked about how much I missed Jimmy and what great friends we'd been and all the divilment we used to get up to. The widow seemed rather cool, which I presumed was because of my non-appearance at the wake, so, digging myself deeper, I became even more frenzied in my protestations.

Then, in the middle of an apocryphal story about tying a sheep to a racing car, who should I see coming up the road but Jimmy himself, very much alive. Fortunately I hadn't yet used any definitive phrases to denote that I thought he was actually dead, such as “I heard it was a gigantic funeral,” but at this stage the horses were running away with me and I was so steeped in gore t'was more bloody to go back than to go o'er, and I found myself helplessly continuing the charade.

“Jimmy,” I cried, running up and giving him a comradely pummelling and a big hug. Jimmy was palpably mystified, but we men are simple creatures and my false bonhomie was infectious and irresistible; he gamely responded and we performed a joyous little pas de deux in the middle of the street while the townsfolk gazed on in wild and bewildered surmise.

But we learn; we've all been in that kitchen, dispensing tea and pastries and sympathy, when someone rushes in and shouts, “Granny's still breathing.” The smart move here is to be dead cool. Keep your nerve and finish your cup of tea in an unhurried, seen-it-all-before manner. Give yourself some breathing space, so to speak. Reassure them that after death the body doesn't just stop immediately; it winds down slowly, and involuntary movements can occur, one last chest heave, one last abdominal gurgle. However, just before you take your leave, return to the corpse (to pay your respects) and confirm death discreetly, by clandestine use of a pastry fork, perhaps.
Sertraline in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a double-blind comparison with placebo [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1990 Oct;147(10):1393]
Authors: M A Jenike, L Baer, P Summergrad, W E Minichiello, A Holland, R Seymour
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Many agents that affect the brain's serotonergic system appear to be at least partially effective in the treatment of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. However, in this 10-week double-blind trial in which 10 patients received sertraline and nine received placebo, sertraline was ineffective according to four measures of obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The authors discuss the implications of these preliminary findings for the serotonergic theory of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the need to explore the role of other neurochemical systems in this disorder.
Paradoxical response to dopamine agonists in tardive dyskinesia
Authors: B J Carroll, G C Curtis, E Kokmen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors conducted an extensive pharmacological analysis of a patient severely affected by tardive dyskinesia. No drug treatment gave lasting clinical improvement. Several agents recently recommended for this condition, dimethyl aminoethanol, clozapine, and thioridazine, failed to modify the dyskinesia. Reserpine caused a worsening of the symptoms. A paradoxical and unexpected improvement was observed with apomorphine injections and with low-dosage oral L-dopa. These two drugs may have acted by stimulating presynaptic inhibitory dopamine receptors.
Multiple drug antiemetic therapy.
Authors: H Ekert, P A Carden, S L Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.6.1016 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3711956 Multiple drug antiemetic therapy. H EkertxH EkertSearch for articles by this author , P A CardenxP A CardenSearch for articles by this author , S L MitchellxS L MitchellSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.6.1016 PDF "Multiple drug antiemetic therapy.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 4(6), p. 1016© 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Falret's discovery: the origin of the concept of bipolar affective illness. Translated by M. J. Sedler and Eric C. Dessain
Authors: M J Sedler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Jean Pierre Falret's once celebrated but now neglected 1854 description of "circular insanity" has not been translated into English until now. This seminal essay clearly articulated for the first time the rudimentary elements of our present diagnosis of bipolar affective disorder. It contains lucid descriptions of manic excitement and depression and the "switch" from one to the other; moreover, it emphasizes the importance of course and prognosis, as well as hereditary and epidemiologic factors. Although American psychiatry instinctively looks to the German literature for its foundations in Kraepelin, Bleuler, and Freud, the translation of Falret's essay represents an effort to trace contemporary psychiatric concepts to their origins in nineteenth-century France.
Comprehensive genomic profiling of clinically advanced colorectal carcinoma to reveal frequent opportunities for targeted therapies.
Authors: Jeffrey S. Ross, Kai Wang, Depinder Khaira, Adrienne Johnson, Juliann Chmielecki, Siraj Mahamed Ali, Julia Andrea Elvin, Jo-Anne Vergilio, Roman Yelensky, Doron Lipson, Vincent A. Miller, Philip J. Stephens
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

3553 Background: For patients presenting with advanced and metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC), standard cytotoxic therapy can provide significant benefit but patients eventually develop progressive disease. We queried whether comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) could uncover clinically relevant genomic alterations (CRGA) that could lead to targeted therapy selection. Methods: DNA was extracted from 40 microns of FFPE sections from 3,117 clinically advanced CRC. CGP was performed using a hybrid-capture, adaptor ligation based next generation sequencing assay to a mean coverage depth of > 600X. The results were evaluated from each sample for all classes of genomic alterations. Results: There were 1746 male (56%) and 1371 female (44%) patients with all (100%) of cases either stage III or IV at the time of sequencing. The median frequency of GA per case was 5.7. The CRGA frequency was 2.1 CRGA per case. The most frequent GA were in APC (76%), TP53 (75%) and KRAS (53%), all were higher than in TCGA (61%, 44% and 34% respectively). There was 100% concordance with the KRAS status determined by the CGP assay and standard hot-spot sequencing assays performed on the same tumor. The combined KRAS and NRAS mutation frequency was 56% and BRAF was mutated in 7%. Only 1.4% of the cases with KRAS, NRAS, or BRAF mutations harbored combination of any 2 out of the 3 genes. Potential CRGA that could lead to targeted therapy-based clinical trials included: PIK3CA (18%), PTEN (8%), ERBB2 (5%), SRC (4%), SMAD2 (3%), NF1 (3%), EGFR (3%), ERBB3 (2%), MET (1%) and KIT (1%). Either WNT signaling, cell cycle/apoptosis, and/or RTK/RAS signaling pathways were the altered in 83% cases. Clinical outcome case examples demonstrating efficacy of therapies targeting BRAF, ERBB2, FGFR2, and MET in CRC patients will be presented. Conclusions: When CRC is evaluated by CGP, a significant number of the patients harbored CRGA which have the potential to influence and personalize therapy selection. Given the limited treatment options and poor prognosis of patients with advanced chemo-refractory CRC deep genomic profiling has the potential to identify new treatment paradigms and meet an unmet clinical need for this disease.