tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fatal Hemorrhage from a Giant Mallory-Weiss Tear
Authors: P Skok
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Acute hemorrhage from the upper gastrointestinal tract is among the most frequently encountered emergency situations in gastroenterology. The most frequent causes of hemorrhage are complications due to peptic ulcer disease [1]. In rare cases, abundant hemorrhage is caused by Mallory-Weiss tears [2] [3] [4].
Intense F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake caused by mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection.
Authors: HONGMING ZHUANG, MICHAEL POURDEHNAD, ALVIN J. YAMAMOTO, MILTON ROSSMAN, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

ZHUANG, HONGMING M.D., Ph.D.; POURDEHNAD, MICHAEL B.S.; J. YAMAMOTO, ALVIN M.D.; ROSSMAN, MILTON D. M.D.; ALAVI, ABASS M.D. Author Information
AB1231-HPR The Experience of Patients with Fear-Avoidance Belief Hospitalised for Low Back Pain – a Qualitative Study
Authors: D.B. Stisen, H. Tegner, T. Bendix, B.A. Esbensen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Endometriosis affects ∼176 million women worldwide, yet on average, women experience pain ∼10 years from symptom onset before being properly diagnosed. Standard treatments (drugs or surgery) often fail to provide long-term pain relief. Elevated levels of reactive aldehydes such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) have been implicated in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis and upon accumulation, reactive aldehydes can form protein-adducts and/or generate pain. A key enzyme in detoxifying reactive aldehydes to less reactive forms, is the mitochondrial enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2). Here, we tested the hypothesis that aberrant reactive aldehyde detoxification by ALDH2, underlies endometriosis and its associated pain. We determined, in the eutopic and ectopic endometrium of women with severe (stage IV) peritoneal endometriosis, that ALDH2 enzyme activity was decreased, which was associated with decreased ALDH2 expression and increased 4-HNE adduct formation compared to the eutopic endometrium of controls in the proliferative phase. Using a rodent model of endometriosis and an ALDH2*2 knock-in mouse with decreased ALDH2 activity, we determined that increasing ALDH2 activity with the enzyme activator Alda-1 could prevent endometriosis lesion development as well as alleviate pain-associated behaviors in proestrus. Overall, our findings suggest that targeting the ALDH2 enzyme in endometriosis may lead to better treatment strategies and in the proliferative phase, that increased 4-HNE adduct formation within the endometrium may serve as a less invasive diagnostic biomarker to reduce years of suffering in women. <h3>One Sentence Summary</h3> ALDH2 activity influences endometriosis and its associated pain.
Neoplasia and Chronic Disease Associated With the Prolonged Administration of Dehydroheliotridine to Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J E Peterson, M V Jago, J K Reddy, R G Jarrett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

When dehydroheliotridine (DHH), a pyrrolizidine alkaloid metabolite with bifunctional alkylating and antimitotic activities, was administered to a hooded strain of rats by ip injection, the incidence of tumors, excluding interstitial cell tumors, was significantly greater than that in saline-injected controls. The number of tumors was not further increased when thioacetamide (TA) was co-administered for its mitosis-stimulating effect. The life-span of the rats was significantly shortened by DHH and more so by combined DHH and TA treatment, but not by TA alone. The results indicate that DHH is responsible for some, possibly most, of the carcinogenicity of the parent pyrrolizidine alkaloids and also stimulates the earlier and more rapid development of renal and vascular diseases normally associated with aging in rats.
Cross-border investigation of a Shigella sonnei outbreak in a group of Norwegian tourists after a trip to Russia
Authors: B Schimmer, H Meldal, N G Perederij, L Vold, M A Petukhova, D Grahek-Ogden, K Nygård
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

In early September 2006, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health was alerted to an outbreak of Shigella sonnei infections (shigellosis) among 23 Norwegian passengers who had taken a bus tour from Kirkenes, Norway to Murmansk, Russia. The trip lasted from 27 to 31 August, and the group stayed in various hotels and visited several restaurants in both Kirkenes and Murmansk during this period. Stool samples from three ill passengers yielded S. sonnei; an additional 10 passengers had gastrointestinal symptoms with diarrhoea or loose stools with abdominal pain. An investigation was initiated in collaboration with the department of epidemiological surveillance in Murmansk. We sent a questionnaire to the work e-mail addresses of all passengers asking about symptoms and exposures. Two restaurants and a hotel visited by the Norwegian tourists in Murmansk were inspected and sampled. Of all the food and beverage items mentioned in the questionnaire, only cured meat consumed in restaurant A in Murmansk on 28 August was associated with the risk of developing illness. Inspections of the restaurants in Murmansk identified some hygienic shortcomings and inadequate routines. However, S. sonnei could not be isolated from food samples or the personnel. Improved routines were implemented.
SAT0188 Efficacy of Six Weeks Interval of Tocilizumab Infusion in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: H. Uda, O. Saiki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> For active rheumatoid arthritis patients with inadequate response to synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), biologic agents are indicated. However, the cost of biologics, including tocilizumab, is very high, which makes it difficult for all patients to receive biologics because of the associated expenses. <h3>Objectives</h3> A period of 4 weeks has been recommended as the interval between tocilizumab infusions in active rheumatoid arthritis patients. In our clinical experience, we observed that longer intervals could also be effective. The aim of the present study was to clarify the efficacy of tocilizumab infusion at 5 weeks and 6 weeks intervals in active rheumatoid arthritis patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The rheumatoid arthritis patients who showed inadequate response to synthetic DMARDs and the patients who showed inadequate response to TNF inhibitors and who agreed with tocilizumab therapy of six weeks interval were enrolled in the present study. Initially, active rheumatoid arthritis patients were infused with 8 mg/kg of tocilizumab every 6 weeks with oral medicines. For patients who did not achieve clinical remission with tocilizumab infusions at 6 weeks intervals, the doses of the oral medicines were increased. The patients who did not achieve clinical remission after another 6 months of tocilizumab infusions at 6 weeks intervals were administered tocilizumab infusions every 5 weeks or 4 weeks, along with the same doses of the oral medicines. <h3>Results</h3> Among 100 patients enrolled, 60 achieved clinical remission with 6 weeks interval, 19 with 5 weeks interval, and 5 with 4 weeks interval of tocilizumab infusions. Ten patients did not achieve clinical remission. Six patients dropped out from the study because of personal reasons. In patients who achieved remission with tocilizumab infusion at 6 weeks interval, the disease activity parameters at baseline were significantly lower than those with tocilizumab infusion at 4 weeks interval. Severe adverse events that led to the discontinuation of treatment, including tuberculosis and death, did not occur, and the frequency of other adverse events with infusions at 6 weeks intervals was lower than that at 4 weeks intervals. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The present study has provided evidence that tocilizumab infusions at 4 weeks interval and 6 weeks intervals may be effective in active rheumatoid arthritis patients. This finding should be of great interest for patients for both financial and labor reasons. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Anxiety sensitivity and response to cholecystokinin tetrapeptide in healthy volunteers
Authors: D Koszycki, B J Cox, J Bradwejn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors determined whether fear of anxiety symptoms mediates panicogenic responses to cholecystokinin tetrapeptide (CCK-4) in healthy subjects. Individuals with a preexisting high level of anxiety sensitivity (N = 10) experienced significantly more catastrophic cognitions and fear of somatic symptoms than did subjects with low (N = 9) or medium (N = 17) anxiety sensitivity, but they were not more susceptible to experiencing a panic attack. Thus, cognitive factors do not appear to be critical determinants of CCK-4-induced panic attacks.
Cytology Versus High-Risk HPV Testing for Follow-up of HPV-Positive Women Without CIN
Authors: Kristopher J. Kimball, Warner K. Huh
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Screening for cervical cancer is often considered the success story for cancer screening in the United States. However, much room for improvement still exists. For example, experts have yet to establish the best follow-up strategy for women with an abnormal Papanicolaou test and high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) followed by a normal colposcopy or biopsy that is negative for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. The incorporation of HPV testing has allowed the development of a more sensitive and cost-efficient strategy. This article presents a brief overview of related guidelines and current modalities, and reviews selected studies. Finally, future directions and a possible schema for clinical management of these patients are included.
Fundic gland polyps and duodenal gastric heterotopia – is this an unusual association?
Authors: Rita Barosa, Pedro Pinto-Marques, Raquel Ilgenfritz
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 72-year-old woman with a past history of heartburn and acid regurgitation had been on proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy for more than 10 years with effective symptom control. Her past medical history was unremarkable, and there was no familial history of colorectal cancer or polyposis.
INFLUENCE OF THE MALE IN THE PRODUCTION OF TWINS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massive Fluid-Suspension Cultures of Certain Mammalian Tissue Cells. I. General Characteristics of Growth and Trends of Population&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jay C. Bryant, Edward L. Schilling, Wilton R. Earle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Studies on the growth of mammalian cells in fluid-suspension cultures under conditions of continuous aeration and agitation were continued, and additional strains of cells were grown successfully. The manner of growth in fluid-suspension cultures appeared to be a specific characteristic of the cell strains studied and ranged from single cell suspensions (NCTC clones 929 and 1469) to rather large compact aggregates (NCTC strains 1769 and 1985). Noncellular debris nearly always formed in fluid-suspension cultures of human skin epithelium (NCTC strain 1769) regardless of culture condition, but seldom formed in cultures of strain L (NCTC clone 929) or in cultures of mouse liver cells (NCTC clone 1469), and then only when necrosis was present. Debris appeared to originate from the serum. Average generation time was usually 2 days or more in length. Cultures of strain 1769 had the longest average generation time, 5.0 days, while cultures of clone 929 and liver clone 1469 had generation times of 3.6 and 3.2 days, respectively. The shortest generation time shown by any of the cultures reported here was 2.25 days for a culture of skin strain 1769. Irregular growth curves characterized skin strain 1769 cultures, while smooth growth curves were typical of cultures of clones 929 and 1469. When subculturing was delayed until the logarithmic phase had ended, the parent culture was often so necrotic that recovery by the daughter culture into a logarithmic phase was slow and uncertain.
Some Quantitative Observations on the Induction and Growth of Primary Pulmonary Tumors in Strain A Mice Receiving Urethan
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin, Milton J. Polissar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Some Quantitative Observations on the Induction and Growth of Primary Pulmonary Tumors in Strain A Mice Receiving Urethan Get access Michael B. Shimkin, Michael B. Shimkin National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Milton J. Polissar Milton J. Polissar National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 1, August 1955, Pages 75–97, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.1.75 Published: 01 August 1955 Article history Received: 15 December 1954 Published: 01 August 1955
A phase II multicentric trial of fotemustine (FTM) in patients (pts) with recurrent/progressive glioblastoma after radiotherapy plus concomitant and/or adjuvant temozolomide: A GICNO (Gruppo Italiano Cooperativo di Neuro-Oncologia) study
Authors: A. A. Brandes, A. Tosoni, E. Franceschi, E. Mazza, A. Santoro, M. Faedi, R. Labianca, R. Bertorelle, T. Perrone, E. Pesenti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

2079 Background: No drug has yet been proven effective in patients with GBM at time of failure after standard radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide. Although nitrosoureas may be considered as the gold standard, no data are available in an homogeneously pre-treated population. Methods: Pts with recurrent/progressive GBM after ≥ 3 mo from the end of radiochemotherapy received 3 weekly doses of FTM (75 mg/m2 i.v.) followed, after a 5-week rest, by FTM (100 mg/m2 i.v.) every 3 weeks for ≤ 1 year; treatment was suspended if disease progression or unacceptable toxicity was observed. The main endpoint was to ascertain progression-free survival at 6 months (PFS-6). According to Fleming’s design, a sample size of 40 patients was planned assuming P0=0.10, P1=0.25, α=0.1, β=0.1. Results: Between April 2005 and May 2006, 6 Italian GICNO network centers enrolled 43 pts (29 M, 14 F; median age 52 [range 34–68] years; median KPS 90, range 70–100). PFS-6 was 21% (SE 6.2%), 3 patients (7%) had partial response (PR), 15 (35%) disease stabilization (SD). Two out of 3 responsive pts are alive after 21 and 22.7 months, and 1 died after 15.5 months. Median survival time was 6 months (95%CI: 5–7). MGMT methylation status was determined in 34 pts (73.5%): 8 (23.5%) were methylated and 26 (76.5%) unmethylated. In methylated pts, disease control was significantly better than in unmethylated pts (75% vs 34.6%, p=0.05); however no significant difference in terms of PFS-6 and survival was observed. Grade 3–4 thrombocytopenia and neutropenia were observed in 25.6% and 30.2% of pts, respectively. Conclusions: The findings of this present trial, the first to analyze second-line nitrosourea treatment in a homogeneous population following standard treatment, may represent a new benchmark of nitrosourea activity. However, as disease control was not long-standing, alternative doses, schedules and drug-combinations should be evaluated in future studies. This trial has been supported by an unrestricted grant of Italfarmaco Pharmaceuticals, Milan, Italy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Italfarmaco
The frequency of multiple personality disorder among psychiatric inpatients
Authors: C A Ross, G Anderson, W P Fleisher, G R Norton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

A 2-year study was undertaken to determine the frequency of multiple personality disorder among general adult psychiatric inpatients.All individuals admitted to two 23-bed acute care wards in a teaching hospital in Winnipeg, Man., were screened with the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Individuals with prior diagnoses of multiple personality disorder were excluded. All subjects scoring 20 or higher on the Dissociative Experiences Scale were interviewed with the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule. Then subjects with a diagnosis of multiple personality disorder and comparison subjects were interviewed by a clinician who was blind to all research data.A total of 299 subjects completed the Dissociative Experiences Scale and 80 received a structured diagnostic interview. Ten subjects (3.3%) had clinically confirmed multiple personality disorder.If these results are replicated and accepted, multiple personality disorder will become a serious consideration in the differential diagnosis of many psychiatric patients.
PTH-327 Epithelial misplacement versus polyp cancer: shedding new light on the diagnostic conundrum
Authors: R Griggs, J Nallala, G Lloyd, T Cook, C Kendall, H Barr, N Stone, N Shepherd
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer death in the UK.<sup>1 </sup>Colonic adenomas are often removed during colonoscopy as part of the Bowel Cancer Screening Programme to identify early cancers and improve patient survival rates.<sup>2</sup>Sigmoid adenomas may show features of benign epithelial misplacement in the submucosal stalk which in some cases may resemble an early infiltrating adenocarcinoma or polyp cancer<sup>3</sup>causing substantial diagnostic conundrum for pathologists. The aim of this study was to investigate and demonstrate the use of novel high resolution infrared spectroscopy to differentiate colonic epithelial misplacement (EM) from polyp cancer. <h3>Method</h3> 28 cases in total for the EM and cancer pathology groups were identified from 2011–2014. Tissue samples were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded, routinely processed and thin sections mounted onto calcium fluoride slides. Rapid mapping using a novel high resolution infrared spectrometer with a spatial resolution of 1.1 microns was performed on the tissue sections and the absorption spectra measured for each case. Accepted methods of multivariate spectral analysis were undertaken to elucidate the differences between the two pathologies across the dataset and classify the tissue based on the spectra. <h3>Results</h3> High resolution infrared spectral imaging was successfully performed on the colonic tissue. Analysis of 28 cases in two pathology groups generated over 500,000 spectra representative of the molecular biology of EM and cancer cases. Spectral differences between the two groups were analysed using principal component and linear discriminant analysis and a classification model built. Leave one sample out cross validation (LOSOCV) resulted in a sensitivity of 74.6% and a specificity of 82.3% for the technique to successfully discriminate EM from cancer. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Analysis of spectral data generated from novel high resolution infrared spectral imaging of colonic tissue has been proven to be successful in differentiating EM from cancer cases. The diagnostic difficultly of differentiating these cases is well documented, especially as one disease state approaches that of the other. However, novel high resolution spectroscopy may offer a new tool to aid the accurate diagnosis of early cancers. This technique has the potential to be used as an automated adjunct to traditional pathological diagnostics, may increase diagnostic speed in difficult cases and improve the efficiency of the patient management pathway. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> www.cancerresearchuk.org Mandel JS, Church TR, Bond JH, <i>et al</i>. N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1603–1607 Muto T, Bussey HRJ, Morson BC. J Clin Pathol. 1973;<b>26</b>:25–31
PTU-155 Investigation of the relationship between age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD) as assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the spine and left femur in newly diagnosed patients with coeliac disease (CD)
Authors: L Pritchard, SJ Lewis, J Griffin, G Pearce, S Wilson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> CD is a risk factor for osteoporosis and low BMD (osteopenia). Present national guidelines (BSG 2007) do not identify young patients with CD as being at risk of low BMD. Few studies have investigated BMD in coeliac patients below 40 years of age. This audit analysed the DXA results of newly diagnosed coeliac patients attending a coeliac clinic. <h3>Method</h3> BMD (age matched Z-scores) as assessed by DXA in consecutive patients with CD between 2013 and 2014 were compared for age, gender and BMI (majority ≤12 months of diagnosis). Low BMD was defined locally as: Z-score -1.5. This compares to WHO criteria for osteopenia: T-score of &lt;-1 and &gt;-2.5 and osteoporosis: T-score of ≤-2.5. <h3>Results</h3> <h3>Conclusion</h3> Current UK guidelines (BSG 2007) recommend that BMD should be measured in coeliac patients after 1 year of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in patients who have additional risk factors for osteoporosis or if over 55 years. We found 28% of patients &lt; 55 years had osteopenia and 5% had osteoporosis. Males were more likely to have osteopenia vs. females, 42% vs. 26%. The prevalence of osteoporosis increased with age. Those with normal BMI were more likely to have osteopenia (45%). No obese patients scanned had osteoporosis. The risk of osteoporosis and bone fracture is increased with CD and adherence to a GFD may only partially improve BMD. More research is needed to explore the effect of the GFD on bone health over time and the optimal time to perform DXA scanning. Patients once stabilised on a GFD are usually discharged back into the community with no routine hospital follow up. Subsequently, opportunities for detection of suboptimal bone health may be missed. Consideration should be given to perform DXA in patients diagnosed with CD below the age of 55 years. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG). Guidelines for osteoporosis in inflammatory bowel disease and coeliac disease, 2007
Distinction between male and female invested partners in sexual disorders
Authors: L R Derogatis, J K Meyer, B W Gallant
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

Using the SCL-90, a self-administered symptom inventory, the authors evaluated 48 sexually asymptomatic male and female partners (invested partners) of sexually dysfunctional men and women. They found that the male invested partners showed significantly more psychological symptoms than the female invested partners but about the same symptom distress levels as sexually dysfunctional men. The authors hypothesize that the reason for this gender-specific difference in distress levels of invested partners is society's definition of the male's role as the responsibe partner regarding satisfaction in sexual relationships.