tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of combinations of intramuscular antipsychotics and sedative- hypnotics for control of psychotic agitation
Authors: E S Garza-Treviño, L E Hollister, J E Overall, W F Alexander
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The combination of haloperidol, 5 mg, and lorazepam, 4 mg, was both effective and safe for managing agitated behavior in an open trial with acutely psychotic patients. The combination also appeared to be superior to its individual components when studied in a randomized, nonblind trial. The principle of the combined use of antipsychotics and sedative-hypnotics was further tested by comparing two new combinations: thiothixene, 5 mg, and lorazepam, 4 mg, versus haloperidol, 5 mg, and phenobarbital sodium, 130 mg. These combinations had comparable efficacy and safety, and the level of transquilization approached that produced by the haloperidol-lorazepam combination in the preceding studies.
Phase Ii Study of a Combination Chemotherapy with Weekly Docetaxel and Gemcitabine in Previously Treated Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: M. Lee, K.S. Jung, H.S. Kim, J.Y. Lee, S.H. Lim, M. Kim, H.A. Jung, S.M. Kim, J. Lee, D.H. Lim, K.W. Park, S.Y. Yi, I.G. Hwang, S. Lee, H.K. Ahn, S.H. Park
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Does Flexible Sigmoidoscopy have any Justification as Compared with Complete Colonoscopy
Authors: T. Åberg, L. Ling, U. Breland, A. Norlund
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

The authors present a medical risk- and cost-effectiveness analysis of what to do next when a single polyp is found in the distal 60 centimeters of the colorectum on a double contrast X-ray examination - sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy.
Acute Perforated Peptic Ulcer
Authors: C G SHEDD, I SCHWARTZ
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Correspondence
Authors: P. W. Allen, M. Thornton, M. W. G. Gordon, C. E. Robertson, J. Dawes, K. R. Hughes, R. F. Armstrong, L. Coolen, J. Dens, E. Baeck, C. Claes, R. L. Lins, H. Verbraeken, R. Daelemans, J. Gilbert, B. Smith, A. Davenport, K. Aulton, R. B. Payne, E. J. Will, C. Guerin, B. Pozzetto, F. Berthoux
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1989)
Epoxy Resins
Authors: Lloyd B. Tepper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

DURING the past decade hard, tough, heat-resistant resins of the epoxy or epoxide type have been used with increasing frequency in surface coatings (for cans, tanks and washing machines), adhesives, plastic capsules for electronic components, castings and structural laminates. The basic resins are viscous, sticky materials that may be cured or hardened by the addition of various polymerizing agents known as hardeners, catalysts, accelerators or curing or crosslinking agents. Before solidification the resin-catalyst mixture may be brushed or sprayed on surfaces or cast in molds. It may be successively alternated with sheets of fiber glass in strong, durable laminates, which . . .
Measles Virus Vaccines
Authors: S S SPIVACK
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SP0205 Juvenile Localized Scleroderma: Clinical Aspects and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: R. Laxer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Juvenile localised scleroderma (jLSc), also known as morphea, is a rare disorder that is characterized by localized areas of hardening of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, often resulting in damage that includes atrophy, pigment change, growth disturbance and cosmetic challenges. These changes also depend on the sub-type of jLSc that the patient presents with, based on the classification scheme which will be discussed. Early diagnosis and treatment prevent many of the complications but delay in diagnosis remains an important issue. While jLSc is not associated with the internal organ manifestations characteristic of systemic sclerosis, extracutaneous features do occur in approximately 20% of patients. Primary amongst these are articular and neurologic features, especially when the disorder involves the face and/or head. The differential diagnosis is determined by the phase of the disease when the patient is seen, and therefore differs if the patient to be considered to have active disease or is in the chronic phase of the disorder. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A novel immunomodulatory function of neutrophils on rhinovirus-activated monocytes in vitro
Authors: Francesca S M Tang, Philip M Hansbro, Janette K Burgess, Alaina J Ammit, Katherine J Baines, Brian G Oliver
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Rhinovirus (RV) infections are the major precipitant of asthma exacerbations. While neutrophilic lung inflammation occurs during such infections, its role remains unclear. Neutrophilic inflammation is associated with increased asthma severity and steroid refractory disease. Neutrophils are vital for controlling infections but also have immunomodulatory functions. Previously, we found that neutrophils respond to viral mimetics but not replication competent RV. We aimed to investigate if neutrophils are activated and/or modulate immune responses of monocytes during RV16 infection. <h3>Methods</h3> Primary human monocytes and autologous neutrophils were cocultured with or without RV16, in direct contact or separated by transwells. RV16-stimulated monocytes were also exposed to lysed neutrophils, neutrophil membrane components or soluble neutrophil intracellular components. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-X-C motif (CXC)L8 mRNA and proteins were measured by quantitative PCR and ELISA at 24 hours. <h3>Results</h3> RV16 induced IL-6 and CXCL8 in monocytes, but not neutrophils. RV16-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 from monocytes was reduced in the presence of live neutrophils. Transwell separation abolished the inhibitory effects. Lysed neutrophils inhibited RV16-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 from monocytes. Neutrophil intracellular components alone effectively inhibited RV16-induced monocyte-derived IL-6 and CXCL8. Neutrophil intracellular components reduced RV16-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 mRNA in monocytes. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Cell contact between monocytes and neutrophils is required, and preformed neutrophil mediator(s) are likely to be involved in the suppression of cytokine mRNA and protein production. This study demonstrates a novel regulatory function of neutrophils on RV-activated monocytes in vitro, challenging the paradigm that neutrophils are predominantly proinflammatory.
Competency determinations in civil commitment
Authors: J D Bloom, L R Faulkner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors present a brief overview of competency determinations in criminal justice and civil commitment proceedings and review the American Psychiatric Association's Model Commitment Statute, which gives competency a central role. They present an alternative proposal that involves determining a person's competency to undergo civil commitment before a formal commitment hearing and delineates the responsibilities of legal and medical decision makers in the commitment process.
PWE-061 The cost savings seen after introducing a thiopurine metabolite service into a district general hospital
Authors: R Leyland, T Price, K Lithgo, D Housley, MW Johnson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The thiopurine metabolites (TPM), 6-Thioguanine nucleotide (6-TGN) and 6-Methylmercaptopurine nucleotide (6-MMPN), have been shown to be useful in monitoring and managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients on thiopurines. This study set out to determine the overall cost of setting up a TPM service for all of our IBD patients taking thiopurines, whilst assessing any cost savings from the recommended dose adjustments suggested by the results. <h3>Method</h3> The gastroenterology department at the Luton and Dunstable University Hospital identified 406 patients with IBD on thiopurine medication. These patients were sent a letter in December 2014 requesting blood tests inclusive of a TPM assessment to be performed before the end of January 2015. The patient’s samples were sent to Birmingham City Hospital for measurement at a cost of £32. Based on published data a thiopurine management algorithm was designed to help guide clinicians in their response to the results. If a change in prescription was recommended by the results the annual prescription cost for the CCG was calculated using the following drug tariff costs: Azathioprine 25 mg (28 tablets) £2.96, Azathioprine 50 mg (56 tablets) £3.19 and 6-Mercaptopurine 50 mg (25 tablets) £50.47. <h3>Results</h3> 200 patients attended before the end of January 2015 for the TPM tests there were 156 patients taking AZA and 44 taking 6-MP. The TPM results determined a change in management for 124 (62%) patients, with 76 patients (38%) having no change to their thiopurine drug dose and therefore annual prescription costs. Dose reduction was recommended in 36%, 14% had their dose increased, 13% had their thiopurine drug therapy stopped, and 1 patient had their AZA changed to 6-MP. The annual prescription cost for AZA and 6-MP for the patients in the study was originally £47,065.98. The use of the TPM results in the thiopurine management algorithm led to a reduction in prescription costs to £39,548.78. The total cost of the TPM tests was £6400.00 and therefore the overall saving for the first year of the service was £1117.20. <h3>Conclusion</h3> TPM assessment led to a dose adjustment in 62% of the IBD patients on thiopurine therapy. Essentially the costs of introducing this service were covered by the savings in the first year alone, from personalised drug dosage adjustments. In addition to the overall saving of £1117.20 in the first year, there will also be an on-going, year on year, prescription cost saving of £7517.20. These savings could be higher still once the remaining thiopurine patients have completed their TPM review. Future studies will be necessary to assess additional cost savings if the personalised dose adjustments are proven to lead to improved disease control and reduced complication rates. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
A Case of Primary Undifferentiated Sarcoma of the Liver: Diagnosed by Peritoneoscopy and Guided Biopsy
Authors: R. Esposito, G. Pollavini, F. de Lalla
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

The authors report a case of primary undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver, observed in a 36-year-old man. Diagnosis was established at peritoneoscopy and guided biopsy, and confirmed by autopsy two months later.
Coincidental Observation of Global Hypometabolism in the Brain on PET/CT of an AIDS Patient With High-Grade Pulmonary Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Piyush Chandra, Archi Agrawal, Nilendu Purandare, Sneha Shah, Venkatesh Rangarajan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

AIDS-related dementia complex is the most severe form of cognitive dysfunction in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The use of FDG PET/CT to diagnose AIDS-related dementia complex has been studied previously and shows various specific metabolic patterns from striatal hypermetabolism in early asymptomatic stage to global hypometabolism in advanced stages. We present a case of a 49-year-old patient with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus infection, where global brain hypometabolism was noted coincidentally on FDG PET/CT done for initial staging of primary pulmonary non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Thousands of junior doctors march against new contract
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Thousands of NHS staff have demonstrated against the government’s threatened “imposition” of an “unsafe and unfair” contract for junior doctors.

At a London rally on Saturday 17 October junior doctors and supporters noisily defended their trade union, as speakers accused England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, of misleading the public about research evidence on weekend mortality rates in hospitals and the nature of contract negotiations.

Chants of “NHS, NHS, NHS,” “Hunt must go now,” and “BMA, BMA, BMA,” rang out from Waterloo Place, near Trafalgar Square, where demonstrators grouped for several hours before marching to parliament. Marches also took place in Belfast and Nottingham.

Ben Hokenhull, an anaesthetics trainee, typified the spirit of those present at the London rally. Cheerful but exhausted, he had …
Effect of Concentration of Oxygen on Occurrence of Pulmonary Tumors in Strain A Mice
Authors: W. E. Heston, A. W. Pratt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

The exposure of strain A mice to approximately 100 percent oxygen for 48 hours following the injection of dibenz[a,b]anthracene resulted in an increase in the number of induced pulmonary tumors, in confirmation of results published earlier. In addition, it was demonstrated that exposure of the mice to the high oxygen concentration for 48 hours, beginning 48 hours after the injection of the carcinogen, likewise increased the occurrence of tumors, but no increase in induced tumors occurred from exposure to the high oxygen concentration either immediately or 48 hours prior to the injection of the carcinogen. The exposure of strain A mice to 8 percent oxygen for 48 hours following the injection of dibenz[a,b]anthracene resulted in a decrease in the number of tumors induced with the carcinogen. Exposure of newborn strain A mice to approximately 100 percent oxygen for 48 hours did not alter the incidence of spontaneous pulmonary tumors.
Metformin Therapy and Circulating NT-proBNP Levels: The CAMERA Trial
Authors: David Preiss, Paul Welsh, Naveed Sattar
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Although metformin therapy was initially contraindicated in patients with diabetes and heart failure (HF), its use in patients with HF has gradually expanded, and it has been claimed that metformin therapy may be beneficial in patients with diabetes and stable HF (1). Previous small studies suggested metformin therapy may improve left ventricular function and other functional tests of status (2,3). By contrast, a recent trial of 500 patients showed no effect on left ventricular function over 4 months following myocardial infarction (4). Adding to this literature, our own Carotid Atherosclerosis: MEtformin for Insulin ResistAnce (CAMERA) study unexpectedly demonstrated a small, borderline significant, increase in cardiac troponin-T on metformin versus placebo (5). We therefore sought to gain further insight into metformin’s potential effect on cardiac function, using N-terminal prohormone brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) as a surrogate marker.

CAMERA was a randomized …
Combination of External and Interstitial Radiotherapy Used at Maryland Hospital
Authors: A S ZELICKSON, H C ZELLER
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cooperation in human teaching
Authors: Ann Cale Kruger
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract Kline's evolutionary analysis of teaching provides welcome reframing for cross-species comparisons. However, theory based on competition cannot explain the transmission of human cultural elements that were collectively created. Humans evolved in a cultural niche and teaching-learning coevolved to transmit culture. To study human cultural variation in teaching, we need a more articulated theory of this distinctively human engagement.
Developing a curriculum in psychogeriatrics
Authors: M D Blumenthal, J W Davie, R K Morycz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

Psychiatric problems are rampant among the aged, yet the psychiatric profession has not developed sufficient resources for training the necessary number of practitioners able and willing to treat elderly psychiatric patients. The management of psychiatric problems in old age differs substantially from that in younger age groups. The elderly patient is likely to have multiple needs and to require diverse services. Fundamental goals in training geriatric psychiatrists should focus on differential diagnosis and treatment, pharmacologic issues, consultation, community resources, and psychiatric, medical, and psychosocial aspects of care. The authors describe a curriculum tailored to meet these goals.
Serum levels of anticholinergic drugs and impaired recent memory in chronic schizophrenic patients
Authors: L E Tune, M E Strauss, M F Lew, E Breitlinger, J T Coyle
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors tested working or recent memory in 24 stabilized schizophrenic outpatients who were taking psychotropic medication. Memory performance did not correlate with severity of schizophrenic symptoms, verbal IQ, or serum neuroleptic levels, but there was a significant inverse correlation between serum anticholinergic levels and performance on the memory task. The results suggest that therapeutic doses of anticholinergics may cause subtle impairments of cognitive functions.
THU0298 The Relationship Between Clinical Symptoms, Disease Activity and Plasma Angiopoietin-1 and Plasma Angiopoietin-2 Levels in Behçet's Disease
Authors: S. Gucenmez, H. Emmungil, F. Yargucu-Zihni, G. Keser, K. Aksu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Behçet9s Disease (BD) is a systemic vasculitis that affects both arterial and venous systems. Endothelial damage and endothelial activation are important steps in the pathogenesis of BH. It was also shown that endothelial activation plays a role in the pathogenesis of other diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Angiopoietins are angiogenetic factors which are secreted from endothelial cells and are needed for vascular development, maturation and inflammation. Four different angiopoietins (ANG) has been described so far. While ANG-1 suppresses vascular inflammation, ANG-2 stimulates controversially. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of this study were; 1) To investigate ANG-1 and ANG-2 levels in BH, SLE and healthy controls, and the relationship between the groups 2) To investigate the relationship between ANG-1, ANG-2 levels and BD subtypes. 3) To investigate the relationship between ANG-1, ANG-2 levels and disease activity in BD. <h3>Methods</h3> A hundred-one BD patients (according to ISGBD criteria), 65 SLE patients (according to 1987 ACR criteria) and 76 age-sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Serum ANG levels were determined with ELISA method in all patients and controls. Student9s t test and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> While, there was a statistically significant difference in serum ANG-2 levels between BH and healthy controls (p=0.039), serum ANG-1 levels were similar in both groups. It was found that ANG-1 levels were higher (p=0.001) and ANG-2 levels were lower (p=0.005) in BD patients when compared to the SLE patients. When SLE and healthy controls are compared, it was seen that ANG-1 levels were lower (p=0.001) and ANG-2 levels were higher (p=0.001) in SLE group. There was no relationship determined between any of the BD subtypes including vascular involvement and ANG levels. <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to our results, ANG-2 levels which secreted from endothelial cells might be an important indicator to show endothelial damage in BD and SLE diseases. But no relationship was determined between ANG-1, ANG-2 levels and disease activity nor subtypes of Behçet9s Disease. <h3>References</h3> Fuxe J, Lashnits E, O9Brien S, Baluk P, Tabruyn SP, Kuhnert F, et al. Angiopoietin/Tie2 signaling transforms capillaries into venules primed for leukocyte trafficking in airway inflammation. Am J Pathol. 2010; 176(4): 2009-18. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared