tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MTR-03ATRX REDUCTION PROMOTES ALKYLATING AGENT RESISTANCE AND XENOGRAFT GROWTH IN A SUBSET OF GLIOMAS
Authors: Ming Yuan, Ping An, Kah Suan Lim, Isabella Taylor, Fausto Rodriguez, Eric Raabe, Charles Eberhart
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

MTR-03. ATRX REDUCTION PROMOTES ALKYLATING AGENT RESISTANCE AND XENOGRAFT GROWTH IN A SUBSET OF GLIOMAS Ming Yuan, Ping An, Kah Suan Lim, Isabella Taylor, Fausto Rodriguez, Eric Raabe, and Charles Eberhart; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA BACKGROUND:Loss ofATRXfunctionhas been implicated inalternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) and is common in IDH mutant astrocytoma of varying grades. However, the functional effects of ATRX loss on glioma growth are not clear, although it has been suggested that it can modulate response to ATR inhibitors such as VE-821. METHODS: We evaluated the ALT-positive GBM neurosphere line JHH-GBM14, which retains ATRX expression in a subset of cells, the ALT-negative neurosphere line 040821 and LN229 cells. Two distinct shRNA were used to suppress ATRX protein expression. RESULTS: ATRX knockdown had no effect on the overall in vitro growth of the three lines, but GBM14 cells became resistant to temozolamide and hydroxyurea after ATRX knockdown, while the two ALT-negative lines did not. A modest, non-significant increase in radiation resistance was also noted. Sensitivity to the ATR inhibitor VE-821 was not affected by decreased ATRX levels in any of the three lines. Interestingly, clonogenic growth of GBM14, theexpression of several stemcellmarkers, aswellas its ability togenerate large flank and intracranial xenografts was increased by ATRX knockdown, while these effects were not seen in 040821 GBM neurospheres. CONCLUSIONS: While ATRX knockdown had little effect on in vitro tumor growth, it dramatically affected the treatment response, clonogenicity and in vivo growth of ALT-positive GBM14 cells, but not two GBM models lacking ALT. These data suggest that in some GBM, ATRX can modulate growth and treatment sensitivity as well as affecting telomere biology. Neuro-Oncology 17:v124–v129, 2015. doi:10.1093/neuonc/nov219.3 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology 2015.
THE ASSISTED BIDIRECTIONAL GLENN: AN IN VITRO AND IN SILICO STUDY OF A SURGICAL APPROACH FOR FIRST STAGE SINGLE VENTRICLE HEART PALLIATION
Authors: Richard Figliola, Mahdi Esmaily-Moghadam, Jian Zhou, Tain-Yen Hsia, Alison Marsden
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Aneurysm of the Celiac Trunk. Diagnosis with Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS). Report of a case
Authors: C Fernández, A Isern, M Soto, C Ruiz, G Vici, R Cumana
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 44 year old female with history of hypertension was being evaluated for abdominal pain, predominately of the epigastrium. Physical examination was normal. A CT Scan of the abdomen without IV contrast was performed; results were interpreted as a cystic tumor of the body of the pancreas. A referral to perform an endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration was made for the patient.
AB0744 A retrospective analysis of the diagnostic utility of positron emission tomography (pet) in the diagnosis and management of large vessel vasculitis
Authors: O. Sharif, K. Davies
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> To assess the role of (18F)FDG-PET/CT imaging in management of patients suspected to have large vessel vasculitis (LVV) with systemic and/or GCA/PMR features with or without history of large vessel vasculitis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyze the impact of (18F)FDG-PET/CT imaging in suspected large vessel vasculitis and treatment modifications and follow up outcomes after a positive or negative scan. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective analysis of all (18F)FDG-PET/CT scans performed for suspected large vessel vasculitis at Brighton &amp; Sussex University Hospital between Jan. 2007 to Feb. 2012. Comprehensive database search was conducted to include all patients who had scans done in this period. 56 PET scans were identified. PET scan reports were classified as 1) positive for large vessel vasculitis 2) negative for large vessel vasculitis but showing other findings 3) normal scans. Clinical features, laboratory and imaging investigations data were collected using a standard proforma. The impact of (18F)FDG-PET/CT on management including treatment modifications and follow up outcomes was reviewed. <h3>Results</h3> 56 PET/CT scans (F45 age range 28-87; M11 age range 25-75) were performed for suspected large vessel vasculitis. 16 scans (28.6%) were positive for large vessel vasculitis. 4 scans showed high uptake, 5 moderate uptake and 7 low uptake. 8/16 patients had current or past medical history of LVV. Treatment changes were made in14/16 patients. 2 patients with low uptake were not treated. 16 scans (28.6%) were negative for LVV but showed other findings (4 synovitis, 4 bowel/peritoneal, 2 arterial, 2 thyroid, 2 lymph nodes, 1 muscle, 1 bone marrow) changing diagnosis. 24 scans (42.9%) were normal excluding LVV as possible cause. No diagnosis of LVV transpired on follow up in patients who had negative PET scans for vascular uptake. ESR did not correlate significantly with PET findings. <h3>Conclusions</h3> (18F)FDG-PET/CT imaging is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of LVV especially in patients with history of LVV with suspected relapse. Positive or negative scans invariably impact management. ESR does not correlate with vascular uptake. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Dr Sabina Dizdarevic Consultant Nuclear Medicine Physician Department of Nuclear Medicine Brighton &amp; Sussex University Hospital NHS Trust <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Iodine-125 biliary stent for palliative treatment of locally advanced gallbladder cancer
Authors: Y. Guo, J. Chen, Y. Liu, Y.-H. Hu, Z.-S. Li
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

The management of primary carcinoma of the gallbladder remains a challenging clinical problem. Intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) and interstitial brachytherapy (IBT) have been found to be effective in improving local control in patients with the advanced unresectable carcinoma. Our previous research demonstrated that the combination of radioactive stents and normal metallic or plastic stents was technically feasible and well tolerated by patients with advanced tumors around the pancreatic-head area [1].
Multiple Muscle Metastases From Lung Cancer Detected by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Mustafa Yilmaz, Umut Elboga, Zeki Celen, Feridun Isik, Ediz Tutar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 71-year-old man with right lung mass, who was recently diagnosed histopathologically with pulmonary adenocarcinoma, was referred for staging of the primary tumor. Whole-body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) demonstrated multiple hypermetabolic foci in various skeletal muscle localizations, suggesting extensive metastatic muscle involvements in addition to increased FDG uptake in the primary tumor. Subsequent biopsy and histopathological study confirmed muscle metastasis from lung adenocarcinoma. Skeletal muscle metastasis from lung cancer is rare, but multiple muscle metastases are even more unusual. FDG PET/CT is able to detect unexpected metastatic involvements such as multiple muscle metastases in lung cancer patients.
Waders Sign on Bone Scan
Authors: Yum-Kung Chu, Lien-Hsin Hu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Waders sign is an edematous manifestation characterized by soft-tissue uptake of tracer below the midthorax and normal tracer clearance above that level on bone scan, resembling a pair of fisherman's waders. This sign was previous reported to be resultant from inferior vena cava obstruction. We describe a portal hypertensive patient manifested as waders feature on bone scan, and was proved not having thrombotic disease. Because the management of inferior vena cava thrombosis is significantly different from that of nonthrombotic cause, the distinction is clinically relevant. The recognition of this circulatory dysfunction may yield clues to orient therapeutic approaches of leg edema.
Résultats à court terme après hépaticogastrostomie guidée par échoendoscopie: étude rétrospective monocentrique
Authors: E Bories, C Pesenti, F CaiHol, M Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Le drainage biliaire guidé par échoendoscopie (EE) est une technique indispensable pour le traitement des sténoses biliaires complexes en complément des techniques percutanée et rétrograde. La réalisation d'anastomose hépaticogastrique sous EE constitue la technique ayant le plus d'indications potentielles puisque réalisables même en l'impossibilité d'accéder à la papille mais est associée à une morbidité élevée dans les études publiées.
AB0550 Treatment strategies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and bone mineral density
Authors: L. Kilasonia, N. Kirvalidze, L. Lagvilava
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> According to the latest data during rheumatoid arthritis osteoporosis develops along with the inflammatory process which should be explained by common pathogenetic mechanisms existing between these two illnesses. <h3>Methods</h3> 75 patients diseased with rheumatoid arthritis, 68 women and 7 men aged from 28–64, were under medical observation. In all cases the diagnosis corresponded to ARA of 1987 and EULAR of 2010 criteria. Among examined patients osteoporosis and osteopenic syndrome were revealed in 82% of cases. Diagnosis of osteoporosis was fulfilled by means of dual energetic X-ray absorptive densitometry (Hologic – 1000). <h3>Results</h3> As a result of performed studies it has been stated that the lowest index of bone mineral density is marked in the proximal and femoral neck, in the distal part of forearm. A correlative link has been revealed between a high index of CRP and a low index of bone mineral density (p=0, 04). During one year all patients underwent a medical treatment with intravenous Tocilizumab (8 mg/kg), once a month. It should be taken into consideration that all patients with RA-diagnosis were taking a stable dose of Methotrexate, 12,5mg per week. <h3>Conclusions</h3> After one year of treatment the condition of all patients was evaluated. Remission (DAS 28 &lt;2,72) was marked in 72% of patients. An pain syndrome became nominal, quality of life took a turn for the better, but the most interesting thing was that the increase of bone mineral density was noticed among the patients treated with Tocilizumab. In 48% in the proximal part of a femoral neck the increase was equal to 4, 2%. 54% of bone mineral density index improved in lumbar spine and was equal to 5,7%. None of the patients underwent an anti-osteoporotic medical treatment. Is it possible that Tocilizumab could have an anti-osteoporosis effect? <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
PWE-026 Infrared spectroscopy acurately detects Barrett's mucosa biopsy specimens ex vivo
Authors: R J Haidry, L B Lovat, M Banks, A Gupta, M A Butt, M Novelli, T Kosciolek, A Marechal, P Rich
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Oesophageal cancer (OAC) arises in Barrettt9s oesopahgus (BE) and carries a poor prognosis. Early mucosal neoplasia arising in BE can be treated successfully with minimally invasive endotherapy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) can detect specific molecules from their unique vibrational absorption spectra in complex materials like human tissue. There is growing literature on it9s medical diagnostic uses in the mid-infrared (MID-IR) range of 1800–900 cm<sup>−1</sup>. <h3>Methods</h3> 98 biopsy specimens were obtained from 21 patients undergoing endoscopy for BE surveillance over 3 months. 30 were from squamous epithelium, at least 2 cm above the squamocolumnar junction &amp; remainder from visible BE mucosa. At each site a biopsy was taken for MID-IR analysis. A matched biopsy was taken from the same site for histopathological grading. FTIR spectra were recorded on biopsies at room temperature with a Bruker IFS 66/S spectrometer fitted with a liquid nitrogen-cooled MCT-B detector and an Attenuated Total Reflection silicon microprism. For each spectrum, 1000 interferograms (approximately 2 min accumulation time) were averaged before Fourier transformation. Spectra were converted to second derivatives to remove baseline artefacts and improve signal resolution. An automated programme was used to quantify specific characteristic features and normalise them relative to intensities of the protein amide II band in the same spectrum. The results were used to calculate their correlation with presence of glandular mucosa in BE. <h3>Results</h3> Normal squamous mucosa and BE could be differentiated with a sensitivity of 82% and specificity of 96% by analysing variations in the 1180–1000 cm<sup>−1</sup> region of second derivative of spectra. Bands in this region responsible for the observed differences arise from variations in levels of glycogen or a related material within the tissues. BE tissue appear to have at least 50% lower concentrations compared to the squamous epithelium. <h3>Conclusion</h3> FTIR spectroscopy can accurately differentiate between the columnar mucosa of BE and normal squamous oesophagus. Further work is underway to examine the accuracy of this technique in differentiating different states of dysplasia in BE. IR spectroscopy provides a fast and effective means of detecting BE ex vivo and presents an exciting avenue of future research with a view to incorporating IR spectral analysis into existing technologies to capture real time spectral data at endoscopy to help guide endotherapy to these high risk patients. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Endocardial Calcification in Behçet's Disease
Authors: Takafumi Nishida, Daihiko Hakuno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 68-year-old man who had Behçet's disease with a 30-year history of oral and genital ulcers and erythema nodosum presented with progressive leg edema and dyspnea. The physical examination revealed varices of the chest and abdominal wall.
Abstract 3568: Progression from benign breast disease to cancer in women with a family history of breast cancer
Authors: Sarah Israel, Hind Warzecha, Amy L. Gross, Armanda Tatsas, Andrew Lee, Betty May, Jennifer Axilbund, Nagi Khouri, Lisa Jacobs, Deborah Armstrong, Kala Visvanathan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: In the general population, benign breast disease (BBD) is an established risk factor for breast cancer, with increased risks ranging from 20 to 50% for atypical proliferative subtypes. There is limited data on the incidence of atypical hyperplasia (AH) and its association with breast cancer risk specifically among women with a strong family history (FH). Methods: In an ongoing, prospective cohort of women with a FH of breast cancer and/or a BRCA1/2 mutation who attend the Breast and Ovarian Surveillance Service (BOSS) at Johns Hopkins (N=1,132), we identified 259 pathology confirmed incident BBD cases diagnosed between 1959 to 2010. Slides were obtained for re-review and evaluation of specific histologic features. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of breast cancer relative to BBD subtype. Results: Of the incident BBD diagnoses, 61.4% were non-proliferative, 26.3% were proliferative without atypia, and 12.4% were AH. AH cases were diagnosed at an older age (p-value=0.04) and were less likely to have a strong FH (p-value=0.01) as compared to non-atypical subtypes. Sixty-one BBD cases progressed to cancer and the median time to diagnosis was significantly shorter for cases of AH (4.2 years) than for non-proliferative disease (8.8 years) (p&amp;lt;0.01). Women with AH were 2.36 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15, 4.87) times more likely to develop in-situ or invasive breast cancer compared to non-proliferative cases, adjusting for age and year of incident BBD. In models additionally adjusting for BRCA1/2 mutation status and degree of FH, women with AH had a 4.5-fold (95% CI: 2.16, 9.53) increased risk of breast cancer. BBD subtype and degree of FH were found to be independent risk factors for breast cancer. Prophylactic mastectomy and tamoxifen use post BBD diagnosis did not differ by BBD subtype or the total number of BBD diagnoses. Conclusion: Given the high incidence of AH in this cohort and the increased risk of breast cancer associated with this subtype, AH may be a viable target for preventative strategies in women with a FH of breast cancer. Further, AH does not seem to track with a stronger FH, suggesting two different breast cancer pathways. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3568. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3568
Bacterial Endocarditis Treated with Penicillin
Authors: Stewart H. Jones, Fae Tichy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE unprecedented cures of subacute bacterial endocarditis with penicillin have stimulated fresh interest in this heretofore fatal disease. During the last two years 9 patients have been treated and followed at the Lahey Clinic. The abstracts of these cases are presented for several reasons: unusual organisms were encountered in 2, surgery was instrumental in curing 1, and 1 represented the bacteria-free stage of bacterial endocarditis. The need for individualization of treatment is demonstrated, and several suggestions are made for improving present-day results.Case 1. A 59-year-old clerk was admitted to the hospital on January 1, 1946. He complained of weakness . . .
Bilateral Renal Involvement in Mantle Cell Lymphoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Anirban Mukherjee, Krishan Kant Agarwal, Ajay Gogia, Chandrasekhar Bal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare aggressive lymphoid neoplasm occurring in approximately 3% to 10% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Renal involvement is rarely reported in case of MCL. We hereby described a case of MCL in a 76-year-old man in whom bilateral renal involvement was detected on FDG PET/CT. The patient underwent chemotherapy, and follow-up PET/CT reveals resolution of the renal lesions.
PTH-117 Predicting the need for dose Escalation in Patients with Crohn’S Disease Treated with Adalimumab
Authors: V C Kariyawasam, M G Ward, V Collings, K Patel, R Goel, P A Blaker, S Anderson, J D Sanderson, P M Irving
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Adalimumab (ADA) is effective for the induction and maintenance of remission in Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. Although the approved maintenance regimen is 40 mg subcutaneously every 14 days, some patients require dose-escalation (DE). <h3>Methods</h3> Aim of the study was to describe a large, well-characterised cohort of ADA treated CD patients in a tertiary referral centre and to identify factors predicting the need for DE. A prospectively maintained database of CD patients treated with ADA at the Guy’s and St Thomas’ IBD Center between 2007–2012 was interrogated. Clinical and phenotypic details and exposure to therapy were analysed. Survival and regression analyses were performed. <h3>Results</h3> 112 CD (50% Male) patients commenced ADA. Three patients had coexisting Oro-Facial Granulomatosis. Mean age at diagnosis was 22 (SD; 9) years. Disease location was ileo-colonic (68.8%) in the majority. Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) involvement was found in 17.9%, peri-anal disease in 29.5% and extra-intestinal manifestations in 14.3%. Median duration of disease prior to ADA initiation was 11 years (IQR; 5–18). Previous infliximab (IFX), ADA and exposure to both were found in 59, 3 and 7 patients respectively. Of the 66 patients exposed to IFX 29 (43.9%) had primary or secondary loss of response. A total of 82 (71.3%) were on concomitant immunomodulators ((CIM) - azathioprine, mercaptopurine, thioguanine or methotrexate) at the time of initiation of ADA. 103 (89.3) patients responded to ADA induction. 4 patients were primary non-responders, 5 withdrew due to adverse effects. All 4 primary non-responders and 3/5 who withdrew were previously exposed to IFX. DE was required in 40 (38.8%) of the responders during the follow-up period at a median 26 months (95% confidence interval (CI); 19.6- 32.4). Cumulative probability of requiring DE at 24 months was 52% (CI: 42–62). CIM at initiation of ADA (Odds ratio (OR): 0.21, CI: 0.09–0.47, p &lt; 0.0001), previous IFX exposure (OR: 4.27, CI: 1.73–10.55, p = 002) and UGI involvement (OR: 3.43, CI: 1.02–11.42, p = 0.046) were independently associated with need for DE in multivariate analysis. CIM at commencement of ADA was associated with increased time to DE (Hazard ratio: 0.34, CI: 0.18–0.64, p = 0.001). 24/38 (63.25%) patients responded to DE, 2 patients had incomplete follow-up data. <h3>Conclusion</h3> 38.8% of CD patients commencing ADA in this well defined cohort required DE due to loss of response, of which 63% were recaptured. CIM at initiation predicted a more durable response to standard dosing. UGI involvement and previous exposure to IFX were associated with increased risk of requiring DE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Feasibility of EUS-FNA for gastric submucosal lesion using a prototype forward-viewing and curved linear-arrayed echoendoscope with or without new developed attaching cap device; a pilot study
Authors: Sato Masaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background and Aim: Since the gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has malignant potential, it is desirable to remove it surgically even if it is a small GIST. Therefore, positive diagnosis utilizing EUS-FNA is demanded for making a therapeutic strategy of gastrointestinal submucosal lesions (GI-SML). However, it is occasionally difficult to make a diagnosis for small lesion by EUS-FNA using conventional oblique-viewing and curved linear-arrayed echoendoscope (OV-ES). Recently, forward-viewing and curved linear-arrayed echoendoscope (FV-ES) was developed. It is possible that this scope is easy to convey power to an object at needling, in addition, can attach cap device on the tip to fix an object. Therefore, we thought that EUS-FNA using FV-ES for SML might be easily performed in comparison with OV-ES. Until now, there is no assessment of EUS-FNA using FV-ES for GI-SML. To evaluate whether FV-ES is satisfactorily available to perform EUS-FNA for GI-SML, we assessed the operativity and feasibility of this new equipment.