tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Novel Mechanism for Generating the Interferon Signature in Lupus: Opsonization of Dead Cells by Complement and IgM
Authors: Haoyang Zhuang, Shuhong Han, Yi Li, Deborah Kienhöfer, Pui Lee, Stepan Shumyak, Richard Meyerholz, Krzysztof Rosadzinski, Danielle Rosner, Annie Chan, Yuan Xu, Mark Segal, Eric Sobel, Li‐Jun Yang, Markus H. Hoffmann, Westley H. Reeves
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

In vitro studies suggest that the type I interferon (IFN) signature seen in most lupus patients results from Fcγ receptor-mediated uptake of nucleic acid-containing immune complexes by plasmacytoid dendritic cells and engagement of endosomal Toll-like receptors. The aim of this study was to reexamine the pathogenesis of the IFN signature in vivo.Lupus was induced in mice by injecting pristane. Some mice were treated with normal immunoglobulin or with cobra venom factor to deplete complement. The IFN signature was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction. The IFN signature also was determined in C4-deficient patients and control subjects.Wild-type C57BL/6 mice with pristane-induced lupus developed a strong IFN signature, which was absent in immunoglobulin-deficient (μMT), C3-/- , and CD18-/- mice. Intravenous infusion of normal IgM, but not IgG, restored the IFN signature in μMT mice, and the IFN signature in wild-type mice was inhibited by depleting complement, suggesting that opsonization by IgM and complement is involved in IFN production. Consistent with that possibility, the levels of "natural" IgM antibodies reactive with dead cells were increased in pristane-treated wild-type mice compared with untreated controls, and in vivo phagocytosis of dead cells was impaired in C3-deficient mice. To examine the clinical relevance of these findings, we identified 10 C4-deficient patients with lupus-like disease and compared them with 152 C4-intact patients and 21 healthy controls. In comparison with C4-intact patients, C4-deficient patients had a different clinical/serologic phenotype and lacked the IFN signature.These studies define previously unrecognized roles of natural IgM, complement, and complement receptors in generating the IFN signature in lupus.
PWE-084 Itu escalation and renal replacement therapy in decompensated liver disease – utility or futility
Authors: A Zahid, M Choudhury, B Eross, E Williams, N White, S Al-Shamma
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Liver-related mortality continues to increase in the UK with alcohol remaining the leading cause. A recent NCEPOD report highlighted deficiencies in the acute care received by patients with decompensated ALD, including early management and access to specialist review and ITU care. In our instituition, a large DGH, we have a dedicated HDU/ITU and 2 hepatologists. We sought to assess outcomes and predictors of survival of patients admitted to ITU with decompensated CLD and utility of mechanical ventilation (MV) and renal replacement therapy (RRT.) <h3>Method</h3> We interrogated a prospective ITU-admissions database and identified 64 patients with decompensated CLD of any aetiology admitted bewteen 2008 and 2013. We conducted a case note analysis collecting data on demographics, aetiology of CLD, cause for decompensation, Child–s and MELD scores, interventions received and 30-day and 1-year mortality. We compared outcome to previous study between 2003–07. <h3>Results</h3> Of 64 patients, 42 (66%) were male. 55 (86%) had ALD. Mean age was 47.7 for ALD and 50.8 for non-ALD. The most common precipitant was UGI bleed (27%), sepsis (20%) and alcoholic hepatitis (17%). AKI was present in 32 (50%; 55% ALD vs 22% non-ALD; p &lt; 0.05.) The Child–s score was A in 4 (6%), B in 9 (14%) and C in 42 (80%). The mean MELD score was higher in ALD (27) vs non-ALD patients (22.) The mean creatinine and bili were both higher in ALD vs non-ALD (51 vs 109 and 184 vs 84 respectively.) 29/55 (53%) patients with ALD had prior contact with hepatology services vs 7/9 (79%) for non-ALD. 28 patients (44%) were ventilated and 10 (16%) received RRT (all ALD patients.) The 30-day mortality was 58% for ALD and 66% for non-ALD with 1-year mortalities of 71% and 77%. Overall, survival to hosptial discharge was 20/64 (31%). The best predictor of survival was escalation to ITU within 48 h 17/24 (71%) vs 7/40 (17.5%) (p-value &lt;0.05.) ALD patients &gt;60 did not survive. Prognosis was better if previously under hepatology service. Receiving either MV or RRT were not predictive of a worse prognosis. As expected, higher MELD score also predicted poorer outcome. Overall survival of ALD patients of 40% over this study period is favourable compared the previous study period (29%). There was an increase in the number of admissions from 35 to 55 patients over the same period. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Outcomes for patients with decompensated CLD including ALD are improving and ITU escalation should be offered early to all appropriate patients. Ventilation or RRT should be considered as not always predictive of poor outcome. The best chance for survival was in patients escalated within 48 h and those who had been been under the care of hepatology prior to presentation. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Demonstration of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor High and Low Affinity Binding Sites in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: J P Peyrat, H Hondermark, M M Louchez, B Boilly
Journal: Cancer Communications (1991)

The binding characteristics of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to membranes prepared from four human breast cancer cell lines (BT-20; MCF-7; MDA-MB-231; T-47D) have been investigated. Scatchard analyses of competition experiments indicate one class of specific binding sites in MCF-7 and T-47D cells, and two classes of specific binding sites in BT-20 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The presence of high affinity sites was demonstrated in each cell type. These results have been confirmed using saturation experiments. Chemical crosslinking of labeled bFGF in breast cancer cell lines followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed one specific complex with a relative molecular mass of about 85,000. A second class of lower affinity binding sites was detected only in the two hormone-independent cell lines. bFGF stimulation of proliferation has also been demonstrated in MCF-7, T-47D, and BT-20, but not in MDA-MB-231, which has a high proliferation activity without the addition of growth factors. These suggest that the presence of bFGF specific binding sites in human breast cancer cell membranes is a necessary but not sufficient condition for exogenous bFGF growth stimulation of these cells; they also suggest that FGF plays a role in breast cancer.
Soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities.
Authors: R Sylvester
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.2.321 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3806178 Soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities. R SylvesterxR SylvesterSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.2.321 PDF "Soft-tissue sarcomas of the extremities.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(2), pp. 321–322© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
PULMONARY CHANGES IN UREMIA
Authors: Hyman E. Bass
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Alterations occurring in the lung associated with uremia have received attention only in recent years. A search of the literature reveals references to 34 cases. Ehrich and McIntosh, in 1932, studied the lung changes in three patients who died of Bright's disease.<sup>1</sup>Subsequent reports described the chest roentgenograms of the lung in patients with uremia.<sup>2</sup>The features of this condition were characteristically those of increased densities, confined predominantly to the hilar areas of the lungs in a bilateral symmetrical fashion, with clear basal and peripheral zones. This picture was described principally by roentgenologists, who considered the condition a form of pulmonary or "uremic" edema. The picture was sometimes seen in hypertensive patients in whom heart failure developed during the course of uremia. Pulmonary densities were often associated with early death. Recovery occasionally followed alleviation of both heart failure and the azotemic state. There have been few histopathological studies
Olfactory identification deficits in schizophrenia: correlation with duration of illness
Authors: P J Moberg, R L Doty, B I Turetsky, S E Arnold, R N Mahr, R C Gur, W Bilker, R E Gur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors examined the relationship between deficits in olfactory identification and duration of illness in young and elderly patients with schizophrenia.Olfactory identification performance of 38 patients with schizophrenia and 40 normal subjects was compared by using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.The schizophrenic patients demonstrated olfactory deficits relative to the comparison group, and the elderly schizophrenic patients displayed a greater magnitude of olfactory deficit than the younger patients. Independent of normal aging effects and cognitive deficit, patients with schizophrenia showed a strong relationship between olfactory identification scores and duration of illness, which suggests that olfactory abilities decline progressively over the course of the disorder.In contrast to other neuropsychological measures that have been reported to be stable over the course of illness, olfactory identification abilities deteriorate steadily in patients with schizophrenia, even for those with relatively recent onset.
Cytological Studies of Tumors. XIV. Isolation of Single-Cell Clones from a Mixed-Cell Tumor of the Rat&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;,&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Sajiko Makino, Kyoko Kano
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Cytological Studies of Tumors. XIV. Isolation of Single-Cell Clones from a Mixed-Cell Tumor of the Rat2,3 Sajiko Makino, Sajiko Makino Zoological Institute, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kyoko Kano Kyoko Kano Zoological Institute, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar 4Grateful acknowledgment is made here to Br. T. Tanaka for his stimulating discussion and technical assistance Author Notes JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 5, April 1955, Pages 1165–1181, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.5.1165 Published: 01 April 1955 Article history Received: 26 July 1954 Published: 01 April 1955
MLN4924, An Investigational Inhibitor Of NEDD8 Activating Enzyme (NAE), Is Active In Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Pre-Clinical Models and Enhances Rituximab Activity In Vivo
Authors: Matthew J. Barth, Cory Mavis, Natalie M. Czuczman, Sarah Frys, Pavel Klener, Myron S. Czuczman, Francisco Hernandez-Ilizaliturri
Journal: Blood (2013)
AB1217-HPR Sle-Related Fatigue From Patient and Partner Perspective
Authors: C. Bode, L. Hoek, N. Kohle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Fatigue in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a highly prevalent symptom which has significant impact on patients9 quality of life in general. We do not know yet how patients9 fatigue affects their partners9 life and in which way couples deal with fatigue symptoms. <h3>Objectives</h3> Aim of this study was to compare the impact of fatigue on patients9 and partners9 life as individuals and to explore the impact on their life as a couple. <h3>Methods</h3> This qualitative, cross-sectional study was conducted in 18 participants (9 heterosexual couples with one partner diagnosed with SLE). Inclusion criteria: The patient has to experience fatigue regularly and both partners have to be able to communicate in Dutch. Couples (patients: 8 women, 1 men, mean age 57 years, all experience severe levels of fatigue) were interviewed separately from each other with a semi-structured interview scheme, asking about the impact of fatigue on their life. Interviews were transcribed and categorized by inductive and deductive coding. <h3>Results</h3> Patients reported impact of fatigue on daily activities, paid and unpaid work, cognitive functioning, social contacts and leisure time, emotional functioning and personality. Partners experienced the impact of patients9 fatigue on their own daily activities, on the relationship with their partner, on social contacts, own emotional functioning, on their work, and also on future plans. Partners differed regarding the reported impact on their lives from patients. From the couples9 perspective, two main themes with regard to coping with severe fatigue emerged. Communication and mutual understanding was described as essential to maintain or increase satisfaction with the partner relationship. The second theme was acceptance of fatigue symptoms and adaptation to the symptoms as best way to prevent tremendous impact of fatigue on the partner relationship. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In several domains, patients and partners showed comparable impact of fatigue on their lives. Differences were found regarding prioritizing of affected domains and the impact on cognitive functioning, quality of partner relationship and future plans. Findings will be discussed in comparison with impact of fatigue on couples9 life in other chronic diseases and with regard to options to support couples in dealing with fatigue in SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Chronic Expression of Murine flt3 Ligand in Mice Results in Increased Circulating White Blood Cell Levels and Abnormal Cellular Infiltrates Associated With Splenic Fibrosis
Authors: Todd S.-C. Juan, Ian K. McNiece, Gwenneth Van, David Lacey, Cynthia Hartley, Patricia McElroy, Yu Sun, Julie Argento, David Hill, Xiao-Qiang Yan, Frederick A. Fletcher
Journal: Blood (1997)
Healthy People 2000
Authors: Louis W. Sullivan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

The typical office-based physician has contact with 713 patients each year and will provide care for at least 1000 different people over the next 10 years, according to the Bureau of Health Professions. During that time, if the patients are representative of the U.S. population, 25 will die from coronary heart disease, 20 from cancer, 6 from stroke, and 4 from injuries. Fully 29 of these 55 deaths will be premature, occurring before the age of 75, with nearly 16 occurring before the age of 65.1 With appropriate preventive actions initiated by physicians, at least 10 and as many as . . .
Family interaction patterns among Japanese-American and Caucasian families in Hawaii
Authors: J Hsu, W S Tseng, G Ashton, J F McDermott, W Char
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors compared the family interaction patterns of Japanese-American and Caucasian families in Hawaii by rating videotapes of structured family interactions. There were significant differences between the two groups in many aspects of family interaction, such as power, coalition, closeness, negotiation, clarity of self-disclosure, responsibility, invasiveness, affect, and empathy. The differences in family interaction could be explained by the cultural differences between the two groups and indicate that profiles of healthy families differ between distinct cultures, and there is a need to establish a culturally relevant family interaction profile; otherwise normal interactions in families outside the mainstream could be misinterpreted as pathological.
Final overall survival and updated biomarker analysis results from the randomized phase III ICOGEN trial.
Authors: Yan Sun, Yuankai Shi, Li Zhang, Xiaoqing Liu, Caicun Zhou, LI Zhang, Dong Wang, Qiang Li, Shucai Zhang, Shukui Qin, Chunhong Hu, Yiping Zhang, Jianhua Chen, Yong Song, Ji Feng Feng, Ying Cheng, Helong Zhang, Yi Long Wu, Nong Xu, Jianying Zhou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

7559 Background: A total of 399 pretreated patients with advanced NSCLC were randomly assigned to receive gefitinib or icotinib in the phase III ICOGEN trial, the first head-to-head phase III trial of EGFR-TKIs. The results of the primary endpoint, PFS, have been reported previously. This report represents the final OS and biomarker analysis results. Methods: EGFR mutation was evaluated by using Scorpion ARMS (QIAGEN, n=152). Overall survival was analyzed by Cox proportional-hazards model analysis at 82% maturity. Results: Median OS was 13.3 months for icotinib and 13.9 months for gefitinib (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.79 to 1.02; P = .109). The EGFR mutation rate was 43% in the icotinib group and 59% in the gefitinib group. Compared to wild type patients, patients with EGFR mutation had longer PFS (median, 6.2m vs. 2.3m; P=.00001) as well as OS (median, 20.5m vs. 7.7m; P=.00001). There were no significant differences in PFS or OS between the two treatment groups in EGFR mutation-positive subgroup (median PFS, 7.8m vs. 5.3m for icotinib and gefitinib, respectively, P =.3162; median OS, 20.9m vs. 20.2m for icotinib and gefitinib, respectively, P =.7611.) or in EGFR mutation-negative subgroup (median PFS, 2.3m vs. 2.2m for icotinib and gefitinib, respectively, P =.1531; median OS, 7.8m vs. 6.9m for icotinib and gefitinib, respectively, P =.7885.). Conclusions: There is no statistically significant difference between icotinib and gefitinib in PFS or OS when given to NSCLC patients. This suggests that icotinib can provide similar OS benefits to gefitinib in advanced NSCLC patients. Moreover, EGFR mutation status is the strongest predictor in identifying which patients are most likely to benefit from icotinib.
UK rate of avoidable deaths is higher than EU average
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Around a third of the 1.7 million deaths of people under the age of 75 in the European Union in 2013 were avoidable, with heart attacks (184 800 deaths) and strokes (94 000) accounting for nearly half (48%) of all premature deaths, show data from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union.1

The United Kingdom ranked 16th of 28 member states in terms of premature …
Assessing assessment: the content and quality of the psychiatry in- training examination
Authors: G D Strauss, J Yager, G E Strauss
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors rated questions on the 1979 Psychiatry Resident In-Training Examination for the knowledge area assessed and for quality. The number of questions devoted to each of 35 knowledge areas varied widely, ranging from zero to 52. Thirty-one percent of the 300 questions were judged to be weak. Satisfactory questions and weak questions were not randomly distributed among knowledge areas. Areas such as psychopharmacology and neurology lend themselves to many satisfactory multiple-choice questions, while a substantial number of knowledge areas do not. Psychiatric examinations that employ multiple-choice questions should concentrate only on those areas which can be adequately assessed by this method.
Health Policy Agenda for the American People
Authors: D B McCarthy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

THIS NATION has become an enormously complicated affair.This is largely a direct result of the un- precedented advances in medical science and technology that have occurred, particularly over the past 40 years.The tech- nologic result has been dramatic.Medical care in this nation is unsurpassed in what it can accomplish.The social, eco- nomic and political result has been a new kind of complex health care system that is unprecedented.Someone has said that it is kind of like a balloon-if you push it in one place it bulges somewhere else, and not much is changed.It has developed characteristics that seem to resist or defy such time-honored approaches as free enterprise, a free market or government regulation and control by laws.Each of these has been or is being tried but none seems to be working very well, if at all.For example, while the costs are perceived to be too high and uncontrolled, at the same time we are told that 40 million Americans have limited access to health care, and may not be receiving it, because they have no health insur- ance.
In vitro half-life of 14-C-tryptamine in whole blood of drug-free chronic schizophrenic patients
Authors: E F Domino, S Gahagan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors found higher in vitro 14C-tryptamine half-lives in the blood of 10 drug-free chronic schizophrenic patients than in the blood of 13 mentally normal control subjects. This finding was negatively correlated for both groups with platelet MAO activity. Repeated determinations of in vitro 14C-tryptamine half-lives over a period of 5 months were positively correlated for the patients, although some blood samples showed statistically significant variability.
Circadian pattern of arrythmic death in patients receiving encainide, Flecainide or moricizine in the cardiac arrhythmia
Authors: Robert W. Peters, Brent Mitchell, Maria M. Brooks, Debra S. Echt, Allan H. Barker, Robert Capone, Philip R. Liebson, H.Leon Greene
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the timing of arrhythmic death. Background. Sudden cardiac death remains a problem of epidemic proportions. Delineating its pathophysiology is an important step in devising preventive measures. Previous studies have shown a circadian pattern of onset of sudden cardiac death. The effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on this pattern has not been systematically studied. Methods. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) was a multicenter double-blind, placebo-controlled study designed to determine whether suppression of ventricular ectopic activity by means of antiarrhythmic drugs (encainide, flecainide or moricizine) after acute myocardial infarction would reduce the incidence of arrhythmic death. Results. The trial was terminated prematurely because of an unexpectedly high mortality rate in the active treatment group. The onset of arrhythmic death in this group (in patients not receiving beta-adrenergic blocking agents) displayed a bimodal variation, with significant peaks in midmorning and late afternoon/early evening. More than half of the symptomatic events were accompanied by anginalike symptoms. Approximately 30% of all events occurred within 2 h of awakening. Conclusions. Our data suggest the possibility of a complex interaction among antiarrhythmic drags, sympathetic nervous system activation and acute myocardial ischemia. Planning of future antiarrhythmic drug trials will need to take this information into account.