tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SUVmax of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in advanced gastric cancer with tubular adenocarcinoma: Correlation with pathologic findings including immunohistochemical staining.
Authors: J. Kim, Y. Do, K. Park, K. Kwon, H. Song, K. Won, Y. Kang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14566 Background: The role of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in gastric cancer is limited because of its low sensitivity, which ranges from 78% to 93% in advanced gastric cancer (AGC). This retrospective study was designed to assess the accuracy of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in AGC with tubular adenocarcinoma and its correlation with other pathologic findings including immunohistochemical staining. Methods: One hundred and fifty two patients with AGC (age = 63.0 ± 10.4 years, M:F = 106:46) who underwent F-18 FDG-PET/CT 1 month before operation were included for this study. They were divided into 3 groups according to the SUVmax of the tumor. All patients were reviewed medical records including immunohistochemical staining results. All parameters were compared among 3 groups by one-way ANOVA and χ2-test. Results: The mean SUVmax was 8.19 in AGC with tubular adenocarcinoma. Group 1 was 62 patients with tumor SUVmax lower than 5, group 2, 53 patients with SUVmax 5.0–9.9 and group 3, 37 patients with SUVmax ≥ 10. The intensity of FDG uptake was correlated with tumor size(r2 = 0.352, p = 0.000). The intensity of FDG uptake showed significant difference with T stage, N stage, and Ming and Lauren classification. SUVmax was higher in expanding type of Ming and intestinal type of Lauren. And all of the immunohistochemical parameters including p53, Ki- 67, C-erbB-2, Rb, EGFR and tumor differentiation were not related to the degree of SUVmax. Conclusions: Preoperative tumor SUVmax of F-18 FDG-PET/CT in AGC with tubular adenocarcinoma was correlated with tumor size, T and N stage, and Ming and Lauren classification. The correlation between FDG uptake and GLUT-1 expression will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Assessment of adequacy of pain management in advance cancer patients.
Authors: Harminder Singh, Raja Banipal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e283 Background: Cancer prevalence in India is estimated around 2.0-2.5 million, 0.7- 0.8 million new cases identified every year, and cancer deaths reported per year is 0.4-0.5 Million. The objective of this study was to estimation of the prevalence of inadequate cancer pain management in patients with advanced cancer. Methods: Adequacy of pain management, that is Pain Management Index calculated for each patient. It is simple indexes which usually indicate a connection of the reported level of pain to the potency of the analgesics prescribed Results: 211 patients were recruited with most prevalent cancer type was genitourinary, diagnosed in 28.7% patients, followed by breast cancer 23.1% and head &amp; neck cancer 20.3%. Among 211 patients with cancer, 76.85% patients had inadequate pain management and 23.14% had better control of pain. Association of inadequacy of pain were done with age, gender, occupation, family history, duration and cancer types, signification relation was observed with age group and analgesic use. (See table.) Conclusions: Our inadequate pain management prevalence rate of about 78% was far too high so this study will highlight the importance of true status of cancer pain management. It also emphasized that systematic recording of pain intensity and follow up further enhance the entire pain management mechanism including dose titration to change of new formulation. [Table: see text]
Lurbinectedin Inactivates the Ewing Sarcoma Oncoprotein EWS-FLI1 by Redistributing It within the Nucleus
Authors: Matt L. Harlow, Nichole Maloney, Joseph Roland, Maria Jose Guillen Navarro, Matthew K. Easton, Susan M. Kitchen-Goosen, Elissa A. Boguslawski, Zachary B. Madaj, Ben K. Johnson, Megan J. Bowman, Maurizio D'Incalci, Mary E. Winn, Lisa Turner, Galen Hostetter, Carlos María Galmarini, Pablo M. Aviles, Patrick J. Grohar
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

There is a great need to develop novel approaches to target oncogenic transcription factors with small molecules. Ewing sarcoma is emblematic of this need, as it depends on the continued activity of the EWS-FLI1 transcription factor to maintain the malignant phenotype. We have previously shown that the small molecule trabectedin interferes with EWS-FLI1. Here, we report important mechanistic advances and a second-generation inhibitor to provide insight into the therapeutic targeting of EWS-FLI1. We discovered that trabectedin functionally inactivated EWS-FLI1 by redistributing the protein within the nucleus to the nucleolus. This effect was rooted in the wild-type functions of the EWSR1, compromising the N-terminal half of the chimeric oncoprotein, which is known to be similarly redistributed within the nucleus in the presence of UV light damage. A second-generation trabectedin analogue lurbinectedin (PM01183) caused the same nuclear redistribution of EWS-FLI1, leading to a loss of activity at the promoter, mRNA, and protein levels of expression. Tumor xenograft studies confirmed this effect, and it was increased in combination with irinotecan, leading to tumor regression and replacement of Ewing sarcoma cells with benign fat cells. The net result of combined lurbinectedin and irinotecan treatment was a complete reversal of EWS-FLI1 activity and elimination of established tumors in 30% to 70% of mice after only 11 days of therapy. Our results illustrate the preclinical safety and efficacy of a disease-specific therapy targeting the central oncogenic driver in Ewing sarcoma. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6657-68. ©2016 AACR.
SLiM 2: Flexible, Interactive Forward Genetic Simulations
Authors: Benjamin C. Haller, Philipp W. Messer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Modern population genomic datasets hold immense promise for revealing the evolutionary processes operating in natural populations, but a crucial prerequisite for this goal is the ability to model realistic evolutionary scenarios and predict their expected patterns in genomic data. To that end, we present SLiM 2: an evolutionary simulation framework that combines a powerful, fast engine for forward population genetic simulations with the capability of modeling a wide variety of complex evolutionary scenarios. SLiM achieves this flexibility through scriptability, which provides control over most aspects of the simulated evolutionary scenarios with a simple R-like scripting language called Eidos. An example SLiM simulation is presented to illustrate the power of this approach. SLiM 2 also includes a graphical user interface for simulation construction, interactive runtime control, and dynamic visualization of simulation output, facilitating easy and fast model development with quick prototyping and visual debugging. We conclude with a performance comparison between SLiM and two other popular forward genetic simulation packages.
Acquisition of Isochromosome 7 Is a Late Change in the Pathogenesis of Hepatosplenic Lymphoma, Documented On a Case of Adolescent Girl 5 Years After Renal Transplant with Preceding TCR Gamma-Delta Positive LGL Leukemia.
Authors: Ester Mejstrikova, Edita Kabickova, David Sumerauer, Tomas Seeman, Eva Fronkova, Zuzana Zemanova, Libuse Lizcova, Petr Sedláček, Petr Smisek, Katerina Muzikova, Klara Pospisilova, Ales Janda, Roman Kodet, Linda Capkova, Jan Stary, Ondrej Hrusak
Journal: Blood (2009)
Prospective evaluation of weekly low-dose paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapy in gynecological cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis
Authors: T. Tabata, E. Kondo, K. Ito, T. Shiozaki, K. Nagao, K. Tanida, T. Okugawa, N. Sagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16575 Background: There is no standard chemotherapy regimen for gynecological cancer patients with venous thrombosis. The goal of this study was to evaluate the safety and toxicity of weekly low-dose paclitaxel plus carboplatin therapy in patients with ovarian or endometrial cancer who had deep vein thrombosis. Methods: Ovarian or endometrial cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis who were scheduled to receive neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy were eligible for inclusion in this study. One cycle of treatment consisted of carboplatin (at an area under the curve of 2) and paclitaxel (at 80 mg/m2) on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 21-day cycle. After premedication with dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and cimetidine, paclitaxel was given as a 1-h infusion and then carboplatin was also given intravenously over 1 h. Clotting profile tests were repeated every week during chemotherapy. In the patients with measurable disease, the clinical response was assessed by established criteria. At the end of chemotherapy, the status of each patient’s thrombosis was checked by ultrasonography. Results: Between 2000 and 2007, 14 ovarian cancer patients and 11 endometrial cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis were enrolled in this study and gave written informed consent. In 17 patients, the thrombosis was detected by ultrasonography before surgery and it was found postoperatively in the remaining 8 patients. All of them were received warfarin therapy, with a target INR of 2.0- 2.5. All eligible patients received at least two cycles of chemotherapy and a total of 115 cycles was given. Neutropenia and peripheral neuropathy (grades 3 and 4) occurred in 26% and 4%, respectively. Chemotherapy did not cause any changes of the INR in any patient. After chemotherapy, the thrombosis had resolved in 19 patients (76%) and no patient developed fresh thrombosis. Among 13 patients with measurable disease (11 with ovarian cancer and 2 with endometrial), the overall response rate was 62%. Conclusions: Weekly low-dose paclitaxel plus carboplatin is a reasonable treatment option for ovarian or endometrial cancer patients with deep vein thrombosis who are receiving warfarin therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Is CD94/NKG2A a Novel Target for Lymphoid Malignancies Immunotherapy?.
Authors: Donata Urbaniak-Kujda, Jaroslaw Dybko, Iwona Prajs, Marek Kielbinski, Beata Tomaszewska-Toporska, Katarzyna Kapelko-Slowik, Kazimierz Kuliczkowski
Journal: Blood (2006)
The Addition of Rituximab to CHOP Improves Failure-Free and Overall Survival of Mantle-Cell Lymphoma Patients – a Pooled Trials Analysis of the German Low-Grade Lymphoma Study Group (GLSG)
Authors: Eva Hoster, Michael Unterhalt, Michael Pfreundschuh, Michael Hallek, Roswitha Forstpointner, Bernd Metzner, Hermann Einsele, Jürgen Krauter, Ulrich Dührsen, Wolf-Dieter Ludwig, Josef Birkmann, Norma Peter, Wolfram Klapper, Martin H. Dreyling, Wolfgang Hiddemann
Journal: Blood (2014)
Lower plasma adiponectin levels are associated with larger tumor size and metastasis in clear cell carcinoma of the kidney
Authors: N. Kleinmann, A. Kapoor, B. Tisdale, S. Chatterjee, J. P. Lu, G. Singh, S. J. Hotte, J. H. Pinthus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

22225 Background: Adiponectin, a cytokine secreted by adipocytes, is a potent anti-angiogenic factor. Adiponectin circulates in human plasma at high levels. However, its blood levels are actually decreased in overweight subjects. Since obesity is an established risk factor for RCC, and since angiogenesis is the hallmark of clear cell RCC, we hypothesize that low levels of plasma adiponectin might be associated with the disease characteristics. Methods: Plasma samples, collected pre-operatively from 42 patients, were analyzed in triplicate for adiponectin levels using specific ELISA assay. All patients had clear cell RCC including 15 with metastatic disease. Diabetic patients were excluded and all had normal renal function. The RCC and surrounding normal renal tissue were comparatively analyzed for Adiponectin receptors R1&2 expressions (immunoblotting) in 15 patients. Results: The mean, median and range of plasma adiponectin levels were 6.33, 5.84 and 1–25.2 ug/ml respectively. A strong inverse correlation was found between plasma adiponectin levels and tumor size with significantly lower levels of adiponectin in tumors ≥ 4 cm (p<0.01). The median adiponectin levels in metastatic and non-metastatic patients were 4.08 and 7.4 ug/ml respectively (p=0.029). A trend towards significant lower adiponectin levels in high versus low Fuhrman's grade (3&4 vs. 1&2) was noted (p=0.057). The expression of AdipoR1&2 was found to be lower in the tumor tissue compared to the patient's normal surrounding kidney tissues in 40% of the cases. Metastatic tumors expressed lower levels of AdipoR2. There was no correlation between body mass index and adiponectin levels. Conclusions: Lower blood levels of adiponectin are positively associated with clear cell RCC aggressiveness and could potentially be used as a biomarker. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Post-Op Essay
Authors: Ricardo Pau-Llosa
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
World Bank president leads charge against stunting
Authors: Rebecca Coombes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A girl is weighed as part of a nutrition clinic in Chad. At 51.9% the country has one of the highest rates of child stunting in the world

Rebecca Blackwell/AP/PA

The doctor in charge of the World Bank has spoken out against governments that fail to act on malnutrition and to make progress on eradicating the “humanitarian disaster” of stunting.

Nearly a quarter (159 million) of the world’s 667 million children aged under 5 …
Incidence and predictive factors of late relapse in patients with soft tissue sarcomas: Implications for prolonged follow-up.
Authors: Maud Toulmonde, Axel Le Cesne, Jean Mendiboure, Jean-Yves Blay, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Christine Chevreau, Corinne Delcambre, Nicolas Penel, Philippe Terrier, Dominique Ranchere-Vince, Marick Lae, Sophie Le Guellec, Jean-Jacques Michels, Yves Marie Robin, Antoine Italiano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

10574 Background: There is no consensus on how to follow soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) patients after their initial management. In particular, the incidence of late relapse which would justify prolonged surveillance is unknown. Methods: Follow-up data were reviewed from 719 patients with localized STS, included in the French Sarcoma Group database from January 1990 to June 2005, and who achieved complete remission maintained for at least five years after their initial management. The outcomes of interest were the cumulative probabilities of late (&gt; 5 years) local and metastatic relapse with death as a competing event. Estimations and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed with the cumulative incidence function. Patients who did not experience the event of interest or death over the course of the study were censored at their last follow-up. Results: 67 (9.3%) and 42 (5.8%) patients had late local and metastatic relapse respectively. On univariate analysis, internal trunk location, liposarcoma histological subtype, tumor size &gt; 10 cm, R1 margins, no adjuvant radiotherapy were significantly associated with increased risk of late local relapse. On multivariate analysis, internal trunk location (HR= 3.9, 95% CI 2.2-6.7, p&lt;0.001) and tumor size &gt; 10 cm (HR= 2.1, 95% CI 1.1-4, p=0.03) were the two factors independently associated with local relapse. On univariate analysis, leiomyosarcoma histological subtype, and grade &gt; 1 were significantly associated with increased risk of late metastatic relapse. On multivariate analysis, grade &gt; 1 (HR= 4.7, 95% CI 1.1-21, p=0.04) was the sole factor independently associated with the risk of late metastatic relapse. Conclusions: Late relapse of STS (&gt; 5 years after initial management) is relatively uncommon. However, its existence and our results emphasize the critical role of long-term follow-up to detect late local recurrence in patients with retroperitoneal or very large STS and late metastatic recurrence in patients with high grade disease.
Computer-Assisted Process Modeling to Enhance Intraoperative Safety in Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Christopher L. Tarola, Jacquelyn A. Quin, Miguel E. Haime, Jennifer M. Gabany, Kristin B. Taylor, Kay B. Leissner, Marco A. Zenati
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Although we tested the HUB in cardiac surgery, HUB algorithms can be developed and applied across all surgical specialties.Unique algorithms can also be tailored for complex procedures involving multiple surgical teams, where communication is critical and susceptible to error.Each team member may check in and check out of the procedure at any time, provided their profile is uploaded to the system preoperatively.Although no final product cost can be estimated at this time, use of the HUB across multiple surgical specialties may reduce the additional cost per case.Ultimately, surgical safety interventions endeavor to reduce morbidity and mortality.The logical next step is to apply the HUB to a larger series of cardiac surgical procedures to determine whether the HUB achieves this goal.
Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Population Analysis on Survival
Authors: Vishwajith Sridharan, Vinayak Muralidhar, Danielle N Margalit, Roy B Tishler, James A DeCaprio, Manisha Thakuria, Guilherme Rabinowits, Jonathan D Schoenfeld
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive cutaneous malignancy. However, factors associated with disease presentation and outcomes remain uncertain, especially in light of recent changes in workup, such as sentinel lymph node biopsy. Therefore, this study used the SEER database to examine factors that could affect stage at presentation and treatment.We identified 4,543 patients and evaluated associations between sex, race, age, primary disease site, disease presentation, and treatment. We also used univariate and multivariate analyses to examine the effect of these factors on disease-specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS). We specifically conducted subgroup analyses on a more modern cohort of patients with MCC treated between 2006 and 2012.Male sex, older age, larger tumor size, and primary tumors of the scalp, neck, or trunk were associated with a higher burden of nodal disease. Multivariate predictors of worse DSS/OS in both the recent and overall cohort included age older than 75 years, number of lymph nodes involved, tumors greater than 5 cm, metastatic disease, or lack of radiation therapy. The number of involved nodes was the best predictor of DSS/OS. Associations with radiation therapy were most pronounced in patients with nodal disease and those not undergoing surgery.Sex, age, tumor size, and primary site of disease correlated with burden of nodal disease in MCC. Associations between disease presentation and treatment strategies such as radiation and DSS and OS have remained relatively constant in the modern era from 2006 to 2012 compared with findings from prior studies.
Store-operated Ca2+ entry regulates Ca2+-activated chloride channels and eccrine sweat gland function
Authors: Axel R. Concepcion, Martin Vaeth, Larry E. Wagner, Miriam Eckstein, Lee Hecht, Jun Yang, David Crottes, Maximilian Seidl, Hyosup P. Shin, Carl Weidinger, Scott Cameron, Stuart E. Turvey, Thomas Issekutz, Isabelle Meyts, Rodrigo S. Lacruz, Mario Cuk, David I. Yule, Stefan Feske
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Eccrine sweat glands are essential for sweating and thermoregulation in humans. Loss-of-function mutations in the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel genes ORAI1 and STIM1 abolish store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and patients with these CRAC channel mutations suffer from anhidrosis and hyperthermia at high ambient temperatures. Here we have shown that CRAC channel-deficient patients and mice with ectodermal tissue-specific deletion of Orai1 (Orai1K14Cre) or Stim1 and Stim2 (Stim1/2K14Cre) failed to sweat despite normal sweat gland development. SOCE was absent in agonist-stimulated sweat glands from Orai1K14Cre and Stim1/2K14Cre mice and human sweat gland cells lacking ORAI1 or STIM1 expression. In Orai1K14Cre mice, abolishment of SOCE was associated with impaired chloride secretion by primary murine sweat glands. In human sweat gland cells, SOCE mediated by ORAI1 was necessary for agonist-induced chloride secretion and activation of the Ca2+-activated chloride channel (CaCC) anoctamin 1 (ANO1, also known as TMEM16A). By contrast, expression of TMEM16A, the water channel aquaporin 5 (AQP5), and other regulators of sweat gland function was normal in the absence of SOCE. Our findings demonstrate that Ca2+ influx via store-operated CRAC channels is essential for CaCC activation, chloride secretion, and sweat production in humans and mice.
Combination of Crenolanib with Sorafenib Produces Synergistic Pro-Apoptotic Effects in FLT3-ITD-Inhibitor-Resistant Acute Myelogenous Leukemias with FLT3 Mutations
Authors: Chen Gao, Weiguo Zhang, Rodrigo Jacamo, Abhijit Ramachandran, Donald Small, Marina Konopleva, Jorge E. Cortes, Michael Andreeff
Journal: Blood (2012)
Mechanistic modeling of hemoglobin glycation and red blood cell kinetics enables personalized diabetes monitoring
Authors: Roy Malka, David M. Nathan, John M. Higgins
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

The amount of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in diabetic patients' blood provides the best estimate of the average blood glucose concentration over the preceding 2 to 3 months. It is therefore essential for disease management and is the best predictor of disease complications. Nevertheless, substantial unexplained glucose-independent variation in HbA1c makes its reflection of average glucose inaccurate and limits the precision of medical care for diabetics. The true average glucose concentration of a nondiabetic and a poorly controlled diabetic may differ by less than 15 mg/dl, but patients with identical HbA1c values may have true average glucose concentrations that differ by more than 60 mg/dl. We combined a mechanistic mathematical model of hemoglobin glycation and red blood cell kinetics with large sets of within-patient glucose measurements to derive patient-specific estimates of nonglycemic determinants of HbA1c, including mean red blood cell age. We found that between-patient variation in derived mean red blood cell age explains all glucose-independent variation in HbA1c. We then used our model to personalize prospective estimates of average glucose and reduced errors by more than 50% in four independent groups of greater than 200 patients. The current standard of care provided average glucose estimates with errors >15 mg/dl for one in three patients. Our patient-specific method reduced this error rate to 1 in 10. Our personalized approach should improve medical care for diabetes using existing clinical measurements.