tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0400 Effect of Systematic Implementation of Vertebral Fracture Assessment (VFA) in Patients with a Recent Non-Vertebral Fracture
Authors: S. Bours, J. van den Bergh, R. van der Velde, P. Willems, P. Brink, T. van Geel, P. Geusens
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients presenting at a fracture liaison service (FLS) with a prevalent non-vertebral fracture have a high prevalence of vertebral fractures. However, the diagnosis of a vertebral fracture can only be based on imaging of the spine. VFA is a low-radiation method for diagnosing a vertebral fracture at the same time as a DXA is performed. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the effect of systematic implementation of VFA in FLS patients on the diagnosis of prevalent vertebral fractures. <h3>Methods</h3> Systematic use of VFA to diagnose prevalent vertebral fractures in 352 consecutive patients presenting at the outpatient FLS of the Maastricht University Medical Centre for fracture risk evaluation because of a recent non-vertebral fracture, compared to 1000 patients who received standard care before the introduction of the FLS (pre-FLS). The presence of vertebral fractures with VFA and X-ray was evaluated semi-quantitatively according to the Genant score. <h3>Results</h3> In pre-FLS patients, 5% had a DXA, and no patient had a VFA. VFA was performed in 352 consecutive patients (mean age 65 yrs, 71% women) who were able and willing to participate in the FLS and had additional X-ray of the spine when indicated. Sixty patients (17%) had one or more vertebral deformities ≥ grade 1 on VFA (p&lt;0.001 versus pre-FLS) and VFA was not possible to interpret because of bad image quality in 7 patients. Of these 60 patients, 30 (50%) had one or more moderate (grade 2) or severe (grade 3) vertebral deformities on VFA (9% of all patients). In 37 patients (11% of all patients) an additional X-ray was performed because of doubt about the degree of deformity (n=30) or an insufficient image quality (n=7) on VFA. Of these patients, 32 had a vertebral fracture ≥grade 2. As a result, 62 patients were diagnosed with a prevalent vertebral fracture (18% of all patients) and 22 of them (7% of all patients) had 2 or more vertebral fractures. Vertebral fractures were diagnosed in 23% of patients with osteoporosis (any T-score in spine or hip &lt;-2.5), in 17% of patients with osteopenia and in 2% of patients with normal BMD. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Systematic implementation of VFA in FLS assessment resulted in the diagnosis of one or more previously unknown vertebral fractures in one out of five patients who attended the FLS with a recent non-vertebral fracture. In 11% of all patients an additional X-ray was performed to confirm or exclude a vertebral fracture. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SAT0522 The Association between Uric Acid Level and Urolithiasis on Ultrasonography
Authors: J.S. Oh, S.W. Choi, B.S. Ku, S.C. Hong, Y.J. Kim, B.S. Koo, Y.-G. Kim, C.-K. Lee, B. Yoo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Previous studies have suggested that gout increases the risk for the development of urolithiasis (uric acid stone or calcium-containing stone). However, the association between the prevalence of clinical or subclinical urinary stone disease and uric acid (UA) level has not been evaluated. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between the rate of urinary stone on ultrasonography (USG) and UA level. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed radiographic and laboratory data from a tertiary hospital in Korea from 2010 to 2013. We included 13964 adult (≥20 years old) cases in which both abdominal or kidney ultrasonography and laboratory test have been performed for any purpose during these periods. We used calculated mean serum UA and creatinine levels for each case and stratified all cases by UA level and age. The risk of urinary stone on USG was analysed in association with uric acid level by multiple logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, creatinine and known underlying diseases including diabetes mellitus and hypertension. <h3>Results</h3> Among 6743 men (48%) and 7221 women (52%), mean age was 51.3±13.5 (range, 20-95), mean uric acid level was 4.5±2.1 mg/dL (range, 0.4-21.8), and mean creatinine level was 2.1±2.2 mg/dL (range, 0.4-18.9). Hyperuricemia (UA level above 7.0 mg/dL in men or 6.0 mg/dL in women) was found in 1750 cases (13%). Urinary stone on USG was detected in 608 cases (4.4%). The detection rates of urolithiasis in individuals with hyperuricemia and normal UA level were 5.9% and 4.1%, respectively (<i>P</i>=0.001). The overall detection rate of urolithiasis increased proportionally to serum UA level (Fig. 1A). In multiple logistic regression analysis, individuals with higher serum UA level had significantly higher risk of urolithiasis (adjusted odds ratio (OR)=1.136, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.087-1.188, <i>P</i>&lt;0.001), and these relationship was more prominent in men (OR=1.174, 95% CI, 1.108-1.243, <i>P</i>&lt;0.001 in men; OR=1.106, CI, 1.023-1.196, <i>P</i>=0.011 in women) (Fig. 1B). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study suggested that individuals with higher serum uric acid level had higher risk of clinical or subclinical urolithiasis, especially in men. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3639
Abstract LB-88: Transient exposure to low-dose decitabine and azacytidine reprograms cancer cells to produce a prolonged antitumor response
Authors: Hsing-Chen Tsai, Leander Van Neste, Huili Li, Yi Cai, Carine Robert, James J. Shin, Emmanouil Pappou, Ray-Whay Yen, IL Minn, Nita Ahuja, Malcolm V. Brock, Feyruz V. Rassool, Yoon-Young Jang, Saul J. Sharkis, William Matsui, Cynthia A. Zahnow, Stephen B. Baylin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Reversing abnormal promoter DNA hypermethylation to induce expression of abnormally silenced genes is an attractive cancer therapeutic strategy. The DNA methylation inhibitors, decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine) and azacytidine (5-azacytidine), have proven clinically effective against hematological neoplasms especially with use of low, minimally toxic, doses. While, experimentally, high doses of these drugs induce DNA damage and cytotoxicity, the prolonged time for patient responses does not suggest acute tumor cell lysis. We now separate, for these drugs, cytotoxic effects at high doses from cellular reprogramming effects at low nanomolar doses. These latter subsequently reduce tumorigenicity of human leukemia and solid tumor cells, and for leukemia cells, blunt long term self-renewal. We correlate these effects with sustained, genome wide, promoter DNA de-methylation and gene re-expression, and an anti-tumor reprogramming of multiple central cancer pathways which regulate cell cycle entry, mitosis, proliferation, apoptosis, and dependence upon anaerobic glycolysis. Thus, decitabine and azacytidine represent drugs that can, at low nanomolar doses, simultaneously reverse major cancer pathways each of which are the focus of intense drug targeting efforts. This suggests these drugs are broadly applicable to cancer management. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-88.
AB0995 Peculiarities of relationship between state of bone tissue and knee osteoarthritis in postmenopausal women
Authors: N. Grygorieva, V. Povoroznyuk, S. Krochak
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The aim was to study the age-related particularity of relationship between structural-functional state of bone tissue and knee osteoarthritis (KO) in postmenopausal women. <h3>Objectives</h3> 175 postmenopausal women aged 50-79 years old with KO were examined, the control group consisted of 60 healthy women. <h3>Methods</h3> Bone state was measured by Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry “Prodigy” (DXA), calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) denditomenty “Sahara”,digital X-ray radiogrammetry (DXR) of the II-IV metacarpal bones (OSTIM+). <h3>Results</h3> We found the significant correlation between indices of QUS and presence and stage of KO in postmenopausal women. In patients with I stage of KO data were significantly higher compared with healthy women, but in patient with III stage of KO they were significantly lower (Stiffness index: 0 st. KO – 76.5±16.4; I – 83.6±15.9; II – 71.0±13.6; III – 67.8±14.1; F=4.33, d=0.005). Analysis of aging particularities showed that significant differences QUSdatawere in postmenopausal women aged 50-59 and 60-69 years old with knee osteoarthritis but were not in patients 70-79 years old. We did not found significant relationship between indices of DXA (lumbal spine, neck, total femur) and DXA and presence/stage KO, except bone mineral density (BMD) of total body and total spine. These indices were significantly higher in women with III stage of KO compared with healthy patients and women with early stages of osteoarthritis (0 st. KO - 0.90±0.12; I – 1.00±0.10; II – 1.01±0.15; III – 1.08±0.12 g/cm<sup>2</sup>; F=7.31, d=0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Presence and stage of KO had significantly influence on QUS data, but not on DXA indices (lumbal spine, neck, total femur) and digital X-ray absorbtiometry. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 2158: Increased expression of NuSAP gene in recurrent prostate cancer is mediated by E2F
Authors: Zulfiqar G. Gulzar, James D. Brooks
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Increasing evidence suggests prostate cancer is over diagnosed and over treated. Identification of prognostic biomarkers would aid in treatment selection. To define prognostic biomarkers for aggressive prostate cancer, we carried out gene expression profiling of 100 prostate tumors and normal prostate tissue samples with detailed clinical annotation and a median follow up of 5 years. Using Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) we identified 28 transcripts significantly associated with recurrence after radical prostatectomy, including several that have been reported previously. Several transcripts were noted to function in mitotic assembly including NuSAP, which encodes for a protein that binds DNA to the mitotic spindle. NuSAP was found highly prognostic in 3 independent datasets. To characterize the role and regulation of NuSAP in prostate cancer, we studied the expression of NuSAP in the LNCaP and PC3 human prostate cancer cell lines. Using siRNA, we found that post transcriptional silencing of the NuSAP gene severely hampers the ability of PC3 to invade and proliferate in vitro. We cloned 431bp of human NuSAP promoter to understand its regulation. Sequence analysis of the promoter region suggests that NuSAP promoter contains 2 CCAAT boxes, Sp1 box and binding sites for several proteins including proliferation master regulator E2F. E2F has previously been shown to be over-expressed during prostate cancer progression. Transient transfection of E2F and the NuSAP promoter with a luciferase reporter construct identify E2F as a powerful regulator of NuSAP expression. Promoter deletion experiments demonstrate that E2F directly binds to NuSAP promoter at nt -243 to drive expression. Deletion of the E2F binding site negates the effects of E2F on NuSAP expression. NuSAP is a novel biomarker for prostate cancer recurrence after surgery and its over-expression might be largely driven by E2F activation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2158. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2158
Cholangiocarcinoma metastasis to the esophagus
Authors: T. Sato, M. Krier, T. Kaltenbach, R. Soetikno
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 62-year-old man with stage IV cholangiocarcinoma presented with melena. An endoscopic ultrasound with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of a large, multilobulated liver lesion 4 months earlier showed the cholangiocarcinoma. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was carried out to relieve left hepatic and common bile duct obstruction. The patient subsequently received carboplatin and gemcitabine, and presented with pancytopenia and a hematocrit of 20 %. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed multiple pedunculated and ulcerated masses in the mid and distal esophagus ([Fig. 1], [Video 1]). Biopsies revealed similar cells to those found on the prior FNA ([Fig. 2]).
An Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant, Quinolone-Resistant<i>Salmonella enterica</i>Serotype Typhimurium DT104
Authors: Kåre Mølbak, Dorte Lau Baggesen, Frank Møller Aarestrup, Jens Munk Ebbesen, Jørgen Engberg, Kai Frydendahl, Peter Gerner-Smidt, Andreas Munk Petersen, Henrik C. Wegener
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Food-borne salmonella infections have become a major problem in industrialized countries. The strain of Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium known as definitive phage type 104 (DT104) is usually resistant to five drugs: ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline. An increasing proportion of DT104 isolates also have reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.The Danish salmonella surveillance program determines the phage types of all typhimurium strains from the food chain, and in the case of suspected outbreaks, five-drug-resistant strains are characterized by molecular methods. All patients infected with five-drug-resistant typhimurium are interviewed to obtain clinical and epidemiologic data. In 1998, an outbreak of salmonella occurred, in which the strain of typhimurium DT104 was new to Denmark. We investigated this outbreak and report here our findings.Until 1997, DT104 infections made up less than 1 percent of all human salmonella infections. The strain isolated from patients in the first community outbreak of DT104 in Denmark, in 1998 was resistant to nalidixic acid and had reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. The outbreak included 25 culture-confirmed cases. Eleven patients were hospitalized, and two died. The molecular epidemiology and data from patients indicated that the primary source was a Danish swine herd. Furthermore, the investigation suggested reduced clinical effectiveness of treatment with fluoroquinolones.Our investigation of an outbreak of DT104 documented the spread of quinolone-resistant bacteria from food animals to humans; this spread was associated with infections that were difficult to treat. Because of the increase in quinolone resistance in salmonella, the use of fluoroquinolones in food animals should be restricted.
Transnasal endoscope-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer in the pyloric area: a case series
Authors: J. Ahn, K. Choi, J. Choi, M.-Y. Kim, J. Lee, K.-S. Choi, D. Kim, H. Song, G. Lee, H.-Y. Jung, J.-H. Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an important therapeutic option for gastric adenoma and early gastric cancer (EGC). However, ESD is technically difficult when lesions are located in the pyloric area. Our aim was to introduce the transnasal endoscope-assisted ESD method, which provides for excellent cutting-line visualization through control of submucosal traction. A total of eight patients with gastric adenoma or EGC located in the pyloric area were consecutively enrolled. A primary operating endoscope was used to perform marking, incision, submucosal dissection, and hemostasis, while a thinner, transnasal endoscope operated by a second endoscopist was used to retract connective submucosal tissue to provide cutting-line visualization using V-shaped grasping forceps. En bloc resection was achieved in all eight cases, as was complete resection. The median longest lesion diameter was 19 mm (range: 12 – 25 mm), and the median procedure time was 37.5 minutes (range: 29 – 59 minutes). There were no incidents of significant bleeding or perforation. Transnasal endoscope-assisted ESD was useful for treating gastric neoplasms in the pyloric area. The procedure was relatively easy and safe, provided excellent visualization through tissue retraction, and allowed for complete en bloc resection.
Autoamputation of a large pedunculated colon polyp
Authors: P. Fusaroli, V. Feletti, G. Caletti
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 49-year-old man was referred for colonoscopy after a positive fecal occult blood test. Laboratory tests and physical examination were unremarkable but colonoscopy revealed a large pedunculated polyp in the sigmoid colon ([Fig. 1]). Owing to inadequate bowel cleansing, polypectomy was not carried out.
THU0367 Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF): A Single Center Clinical-Genetic Study: Table 1
Authors: A. Repa, G. Bertsias, E. Fragouli, A. Fanouriakis, E. Kabouraki, G. Goulielmos, D. Boumpas, P. Sidiropoulos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> FMF is the prototype of autoinflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent self-limited inflammatory episodes.<sup>1</sup>FMF is an autosomal recessive disease that is prevalent among eastern Mediterranean populations. The responsible gene (<i>MEFV</i>) encodes for the pyrin protein (or marenostrin)<sup>2,3</sup> and the most serious complication of the disease is amyloidosis <h3>Objectives</h3> To report on the clinical manifestations and genotypic variation in a cohort of FMF patients followed at the University Hospital of Crete. <h3>Methods</h3> During the period 2005-2013, 160 patients were evaluated for possible FMF. The diagnosis was established according to clinical judgment and genetic analysis for the 12 most frequent <i>MEFV</i> mutations (based on the “FMF Strip Assay”). We reviewed the clinical, laboratory and genetic characteristics in patients who are evaluated in the clinic on a regular basis. <h3>Results</h3> 106 patients (50% women) were diagnosed with FMF with an average age 23.5 years (range 1-60) at the time of first attack. Combined <i>MEFV</i> heterozygosity and homozygosity was found in 31.1% of the patients, while 19.9% of patients carried no mutation. <i>MEFV</i> M694V was the most frequent (49.5%) mutation. The most frequent presenting manifestations were abdominal pain and fever (Table 1). 78% of patients are receiving colchicine 1 mg/day, while 13% require &gt;1 mg/day to prevent attacks. Only one patient receives IL1-blockade (anakinra) due to colchicine failure. No patients discontinued colchicine due to side effect. Amyloidosis developed in 2 patients. There were no differences in clinical manifestation or response to treatment among patients with a single mutation, two mutations, or no <i>MEFV</i> mutation at the time of diagnosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In a cohort of FMF patients in the Mediterranean island of Crete, the most common <i>MEFV</i> mutation was M694V and all but two patients had excellent prognosis on colchicine therapy. Genotype did not correlate with clinical manifestations or response to treatment. <h3>References</h3> Sohar E, Gafni J, Pras M, Heller H (1967) Familial Mediterranean fever. A survey of 470 cases and review of the literature.Am J Med 43:227–2532 French FMF Consortium. A candidate gene for familial Mediterranean fever. Nat Genet. 997;17:25-31. International FMF Consortium. Ancient missense mutations in a new member of the RoRet gene family are likely to cause familial Mediterranean fever. Cell. 1997;90:797-807. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3363
Measles outbreak in Texas may be drawing to a close
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Tarrant County Health Department in Texas reported on 29 August that no new cases had been confirmed in the measles outbreak that began near Fort Worth in early August and that all 21 people with confirmed cases were no longer infectious.

Russell Jones, the county’s chief epidemiologist, told the BMJ that the health department was now investigating fewer than 10 people with rash and fever. These investigations will take up to a week, and if no new cases are seen within three weeks the outbreak will be considered …
Complication of endoscopic pancreas pseudo-cyst lavage drainage method
Authors: Shibukawa Goro
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Background: EUS guided cyst drainage (EUS-CD) can eradicate pancreas pseudo-cyst induced by acute necrotic pancreatitis or acute onset chronic pancreatitis. However, polycystic formations were seen in some cases. In such cases, complete eradication of all cysts could not be accomplished easily by EUS-CD. To eradicate all pancreas polycystic pseudo-cysts completely, endoscopic lavage and drainage method was performed in our institution. Effective drainage was accomplished by procedure, however, complication such as perforation of pseudo-cyst was occurred in 1 case.
Abstract 1003: Cancer-associated myofibroblast may stimulate vimentin expression of gastric cancer cells
Authors: Fuyuhiro Yuhiko, Masakazu Yashiro, Satoru Noda, Yosuke Doi, Yukihiro Kato, Shinichiro Kashiwagi, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Toru Inoue, Nobuya Yamada, Masaichi Ohira, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process in which cells undergo a developmental switch from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. During the EMT, epithelial cells seem to acquire malignant properties, with changes in cell morphology, invasion, and migration capacity. Vimentin is one of EMT markers for cancer cells, and vimentin expression of epithelial cells has been reported to be associated with the malignant phenotype of cancer cells in vitro. Fibroblasts, especially cancer-associated myofibroblasts which express α-smooth muscle actin, may affect the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. Then, we examined the effect of fibroblasts on the vimentin expression of gastric cancer cells. Materials &amp; Methods: A gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-2MD3, and 3 gastric fibroblasts, CaF1, CaF32, and CaF33 those are derived from gastric tumor, were used in this study. Serum-free conditioned medium (SF-CM) from gastric fibroblasts was collected and stored at −20°C. As a control, DMEM was used instead of SF-CM. Following the addition of SF-CM into OCUM-2MD3 cells for 3 days, vimentin expression of OCUM-2MD3 was analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR. Correlation between vimentin expression of cancer cells and α-smooth muscle actin expression of fibroblasts was analayzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient test. Results: Vimentin expression of gastric cancer cells was 2.3 fold, 1.1 fold, and 1.3 fold increased by addition of SF-CM from CaF1, CaF32, and CaF33, respectively. α-Smooth muscle actin expression of each fibroblasts from CaF1, CaF32, and CaF33 was 7.7 fold, 1.3 fold, and 2.1 fold higher compared to the normal fibroblasts, respectively. Gastric cancer cells showed EMT by SF-CM. A significant correlation (p=0.017) was found between the α-smooth muscle actin expression level of fibloblast and the vimentin expression level of cancer cells. Conclusions: Tumor-stromal myofibroblast may stimulate malignant phenotype of gastric cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1003.