tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Foam plombage: a novel technique for optimal fixation of polyglycolic acid sheets positioned using “clip and pull” after esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Satoshi Ono, Yoshiki Sakaguchi, Yosuke Tsuji, Shinya Kodashima, Nobutake Yamamichi, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Kazuhiko Koike
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Shielding the artificial ulcer that is left after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) with a polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheet is a promising method to prevent postoperative complications such as bleeding, perforation, and postoperative stricture, especially in the esophagus [1] [2] [3] [4]. The clip and pull method has enabled us to deliver a single undivided PGA sheet that is large enough to completely shield the artificial ulcer [5]; however, ensuring correct adhesion of the PGA sheet is technically demanding. In this report, we introduce plombage with foam as an effective and reproducible method for fixing the PGA sheet after esophageal ESD.
Value of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) Negative Status at Response Evaluation in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): Combined Analysis of Two Phase III Studies of the German CLL Study Group (GCLLSG)
Authors: Gabor Kovacs, Sebastian Boettcher, Jasmin Bahlo, Sandra Kluth, Matthias Ritgen, Anna Maria Fink, Irene Stodden, Paula Cramer, Julia von Tresckow, Christian Maurer, Hartmut Doehner, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Michael Kneba, Kirsten Fischer, Michael Hallek, Barbara Eichhorst
Journal: Blood (2014)
High-Dose Methotrexate (MTX) as Part of a Novel Immunosuppressive Regimen in Canine MHC-Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT).
Authors: Monica S. Thakar, Ted A. Gooley, Erlinda B. Santos, Rainer F. Storb, Brenda M. Sandmaier
Journal: Blood (2006)
Primary sclerosing cholangitis: 50 years of a gut–liver relationship and still no love?
Authors: Tom H Karlsen
Journal: Gut (2016)

The relationship between the gut and the liver in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has puzzled researchers since the relationship was established almost 50 years ago.1 ,2 In Northern European populations, the prevalence of IBD in PSC ranges between 60% and 80%,3 and even in populations where the relationship is less apparent (eg, Asia) typical PSC patients (young males) show similar frequencies.4 It is by now reasonably well established that the type of IBD occurring in PSC differs from UC or Crohn's disease.5 From the clinical perspective, PSC-IBD is typically extensive yet quiescent, and shows a right-sided predominance often with subtle ileal inflammation and rectal sparing. From the genetic perspective, PSC-IBD appears more so an autoimmune condition than apparent for IBD.6 ,7

Only about 8.1% of the patients with IBD develop sclerosing cholangitis.8 The mechanisms are unknown and several explanatory models have been proposed over the years. The earliest hypotheses were built on a ‘leaky gut concept’, in which the mucosal injury in IBD would lead to ‘leakage’ of bacteria and bacterial products into the portal circulation.9 Later, a gut–liver T-cell trafficking axis emerged in which gut-derived T cells would contribute to biliary inflammation.10 A more recent hypothesis relates to the possibility of an antigen deriving from colonic content driving biliary inflammation,11 along the same logic dietary gluten drives small intestinal inflammation in coeliac disease.12 Common to all hypotheses is the gut is to blame for what happens to the bile ducts. So what is actually found there—in the gut?

There have been rapid advances in our knowledge on the composition and physiology of the gut microbiota in health and disease over the last 5 years.13 …
Effects of Cortisone and Adrenalectomy on the Growth Rate of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ben E. M. Watson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Journal Article Effects of Cortisone and Adrenalectomy on the Growth Rate of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor in Mice Get access Ben E. M. Watson Ben E. M. Watson Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 1958, Pages 219–225, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.1.219 Published: 01 January 1958 Article history Received: 13 September 1957 Published: 01 January 1958
AB0825 Gender Specific Differences in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Table 1
Authors: K. Nas, E. Capkin, A.Z. Dagli, R. Cevik, E. Kilic, G. Kilic, M. Karkucak, B. Durmus, S. Ozgocmen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) has been defined as an inflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis. Gender specific differences regarding the clinical picture and burden of the disease is unclear in PsA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess gender related differences in a cohort of patients with PsA. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutively recruited patients (from five university hospitals) who met CASPAR criteria, age more than18 years were included and underwent clinical, radiological and laboratory evaluation by using standardized protocol and case report forms. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 187 patients with PsA (72 male; 115 female) were analyzed. Women with PsA had higher symptom duration (beginning of articular symptoms) and body mass index (BMI), tender and swollen joint counts, disease activity score-28 joints (DAS28), ESR, physical activity and fatigue component scores of Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) scores than men with PsA (Table). Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) was higher in male patients. However quality of life (SF36 physical and mental component scores) and psychological distress measures were quite similar between men and women. Some of the extra-articular features (including uveitis, iritis) and family history for psoriasis, PsA and ankylosing spondylitis did not differ between genders. Articular involvement patterns were not different between men and women (in %, asymmetrical oligoarthritis 51.4 vs 48.7, symmetrical polyarthritis 15.3 vs 17.4, DIP 6.9 vs 13.9, arthritis mutilans 5.6 vs 5.2, axial 20.8 vs 14.8, respectively, p=0.547). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Some of the clinical and laboratory variables tent to be different between men and women with PsA. The extent of psychological distress, pain, quality of life and pattern of joint involvement tent to be similar in both genders. Men with PsA are more likely to have higher PASI scores and longer duration to develop arthritis after the onset of psoriasis, while women are more likely to have higher disease activity and report more fatigue and physical activity limitations. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
RETRACTED: Tropheryma whipplei associated with diarrhoea in young children
Authors: F. Fenollar, P. Minodier, A. Boutin, R. Laporte, V. Brémond, G. Noël, S. Miramont, H. Richet, S. Benkouiten, J.-C. Lagier, J. Gaudart, J.-L. Jouve, D. Raoult
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
Relationship Between Terminal QRS Distortion on the Admission Electrocardiogram and the Time Course of Left Ventricular Wall Motion in Anterior Wall Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Akira Tamura, Kimiaki Nagase, Toru Watanabe, Masaru Nasu
Journal: Circulation (2001)

In order to clarify the time course of left ventricular (LV) wall motion in patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI) showing terminal QRS distortion on the admission electrocardiogram (ECG), the present study examined 106 patients with their first anterior AMI (≤6 h) who underwent emergency coronary arteriography and cardiac cathetherization at 1 and 6 months after the infarction. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the presence (group A, n=23) or absence (group B, n=83) of terminal QRS distortion (emergence of the J point at ≥50% of the R-wave amplitude in leads with QR configuration and/or absence of S waves in leads with RS configuration) on the admission ECG. Group A had a lower LV ejection fraction and more reduced regional wall motion (RWM) in the infarct region at both 1 and 6 months after AMI than group B. The degree of improvement in RWM between 1 and 6 months after AMI was less in group A than in group B (−0.1 ±0.5 vs 0.4±0.6 SD/chord, p<0.01). This study indicates that patients with anterior AMI showing terminal QRS distortion on the admission ECG have more severely depressed LV wall motion and less improvement in RWM in the infarct region in the healing stage, suggesting that this sign is an indicator of severe myocardial damage. (Jpn Circ J 2001; 65: 63 - 66)
Survivorship model of care at a large National Cancer Institute.
Authors: Smitha Pabbathi, Mary Ann Morgan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

37 Background: There is a lack of existing evidence on survivorship care models and their advantages and disadvantages when it comes to improving health outcomes. We describe the evolution of a Survivorship Care model at a large NCI designated Cancer Institute. Our model is closest to ASCO’s description of General Survivorship Clinic/Shared Care. The Clinic is led by a full time nurse practitioner and two part time internists. Initial start-up expenses were provided by Foundation funds Methods: Aggregate data was requested from Information Shared Services. Data was extracted from both Billing from Transmed-HRI and the Cancer Registry from the time period of May 2011 to August 2015 to identify patients who have been followed in the long-term Survivorship clinic. Results: Our program initially focused on breast and prostate cancer populations based on SEER data of cancer survivors and risk-stratification. Twelve other cancer types are now referred resulting in steady growth. A review of our patient population revealed 924 unique patients of which 619 were female and 305 male. Fifty-nine patients fell in the age range 20-44, 445 in the age range 45-65, and 420 &gt; 65 age. Over fifty percent of our patients are from the Breast Program; the next largest population is Genito-Urinary and third largest group is Digestive. The patients racially identified as white are 89%, 6.3% black, 2.7% as other, 2% unknown. This is consistent with the center population. Eighty patients had recurrences or new primaries. Conclusions: The number of referrals has grown every year and the majority of patients continue to be followed annually. Patients do not feel lost in transition because we have a team based approach as the parent program exists within the institution. Our model not only allows our oncologists to focus on new patients and those with recurrent or metastatic disease but it can help bridge survivorship care from the oncologist to primary care physicians in the community. This type of clinic will also facilitate evaluation and treatment of late effects such as anthracyclines and pelvic radiation across diseases for management of symptoms.
RANDOMIZED TRIAL OF NICOTINE PATCHES IN GENERAL-PRACTICE - RESULTS AT ONE-YEAR
Authors: P Burke, A Chivers, J Clements, M Dawes, I Eastwood, D Ebbs, R Godlee, R Harrington, K Kealey, N Maclennan, D Mant, J Murray, M Nichols, H Vanoss, D Stern, R Stevens, D Thurston, R Wilson, S Wood, K Agnew, M Bartlett, J Hodgeman, K Lindsey, J Tissier, W Dobbie, G Fowler, A Fuller, L Jones, M Thorogood, P Yudkin
Journal: BMJ (1994)
Silencing NKD2 by Promoter Region Hypermethylation Promotes Esophageal Cancer Progression by Activating Wnt Signaling
Authors: Baoping Cao, Weili Yang, Yongshuai Jin, Meiying Zhang, Tao He, Qimin Zhan, James G. Herman, Guanglin Zhong, Mingzhou Guo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)

Naked cuticle homolog 2 (NKD2) was found to be frequently methylated in human breast and gastric cancers. However, the epigenetic changes and mechanisms of NKD2 in human esophageal cancer remain unclear.Nine esophageal cancer cell lines and 154 cases of primary esophageal cancer samples were analyzed using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemical analysis, Western blot, and xenograft mouse models.Loss of NKD2 expression and complete methylation were found in KYSE150 and TE1 cells. Reduced NKD2 expression and partial methylation of the promoter region were observed in KYSE30, KYSE70, KYSE410, KYSE140, and COLO680 cells. High levels of NKD2 expression and unmethylation were detected in KYSE450 and TE8 cells. Reexpression of NKD2 was induced by 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine in cells in which NKD2 was not expressed or cells in which NKD2 expression was reduced. NKD2 was methylated in 53.2% of human primary esophageal cancer samples (82 of 154), and promoter region hypermethylation was significantly associated with reduced expression of NKD2 (p < 0.01). NKD2 methylation was associated with tumor, node, and metastasis stage and lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01). Our results suggest that NKD2 is regulated by promoter region methylation and that methylation of NKD2 may serve as a prognostic marker in esophageal cancer. Our further studies demonstrate that NKD2 suppresses cell proliferation, colony formation, cell invasion, and migration and also induces G1/S checkpoint arrest in esophageal cancer cells. NKD2 suppressed xenograft tumor growth and inhibited Wnt signaling in human esophageal cancer cells.NKD2 is frequently methylated in human esophageal cancer, and the expression of NKD2 is regulated by promoter region methylation. NKD2 suppresses esophageal cancer progression by inhibiting Wnt signaling both in vitro and in vivo.
Pomalidomide Modulates Transcription Networks Regulating Human Erythropoiesis and Globin Switching: Implications for Treatment of Hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Brian M. Dulmovits, Abena O. Appiah-Kubi, Julien Papoin, Michael Gould, Xiuli An, Narla Mohandas, Patrick G. Gallagher, Jeffrey M. Lipton, Johnson M. Liu, Lionel Blanc
Journal: Blood (2014)
Yield of multiplex panel testing compared to expert opinion and validated prediction models.
Authors: Gregory Idos, Allison W. Kurian, Charite Nicolette Ricker, Duveen Sturgeon, Julie Culver, Katrina Lowstuter, Anne-Renee Hartman, Brian Allen, Kerry Kingham, Rachel Koff, Courtney Rowe-Teeter, Nicolette M. Chun, Meredith Mills, Iva Petrovchich, Christine Hong, John Kidd, Kevin McDonnell, Uri Ladabaum, James M. Ford, Stephen B. Gruber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

1509 Background: Genetic testing is a powerful tool for stratifying cancer risk. Multiplex gene panel (MGP) testing allows simultaneous analysis of multiple high- and moderate- penetrance genes. However, the diagnostic yield and clinical utility of panels remain to be further delineated. Methods: A planned interim analysis was conducted of the first 1001 patients undergoing cancer-risk assessment. Patients were enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort study where diagnostic yield and off-target mutation detection was evaluated of a 25 gene MGP comprised of APC, ATM, BARD1, BMPR1A, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CDH1, CDK4, CDKN2A, CHEK2, EPCAM, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, MUTYH, NBN, PALB2, PMS2, PTEN, RAD51C, RAD51D, SMAD4, STK11, TP53. Patients were enrolled if they met standard testing guidelines or were predicted to have a ≥ 2.5% mutation probability by validated models. Differential diagnoses (DDx) were generated after expert clinical genetics assessment, formulating up to 8 inherited cancer syndromes ranked by estimated likelihood. Results: 1001 patients had MGP testing. Women constituted 82% of the samples, and 41% were Hispanic; 115 tested positive for at least 1 pathogenic mutation (Pos) (11.5%) and 375 (37.5%) patients carried at least 1 variant of uncertain significance (VUS). The most frequently identified mutations were in BRCA1 (18%, n = 21), BRCA2 (18%, n = 21), MUTYH (17%, n = 20), APC (6%, n = 7), CHEK2 (6%, n = 7), ATM (4%, n = 5).21 patients (18%) had at least 1 Pos in a mismatch repair (MMR) gene (MLH1, n = 6; MSH2, n = 5; MSH6, n = 5; PMS2, n = 5). 20 individuals (17%) had MUTYH mutations – 19 were monoallelic. 6 patients had mutations in APC – 5 were APCI1307K. Only 69% (n = 79) of Pos results were included in the DDx, with 24% (n = 28) of mutations not clinically suspected. Conclusions: In a diverse cohort, multiplex panel use increased genetic testing yield substantially: 24% carried pathogenic mutations in unsuspected genes, suggesting a significant contribution of expanded multiplex testing to clinical cancer risk assessment. The identification of off-target mutations broadens our understanding of cancer risk and genotype-phenotype correlations. Follow-up is ongoing to assess the clinical utility of multiplex gene panel testing. Clinical trial information: NCT02324062.
US Supreme Court strikes down key provisions of restrictive Texas abortion law
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In a victory for supporters of abortion rights, the US Supreme Court has struck down provisions of a Texas state law that would have closed all but a few abortion clinics in the state.

The ruling1 is seen as a reaffirmation of the Supreme Court’s 1973 Roe versus Wade decision that found that a woman had a constitutional right to terminate a pregnancy in the weeks before a fetus is viable.

The decision would also help legal challenges to similar laws that have been passed in more than two dozen states which have made obtaining an abortion increasingly difficult.

At issue in the case before the court were two provisions in a 2013 Texas law.2 …
Early Prediction of Developing Type 2 Diabetes by Plasma Acylcarnitines: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Liang Sun, Liming Liang, Xianfu Gao, Huiping Zhang, Pang Yao, Yao Hu, Yiwei Ma, Feijie Wang, Qianlu Jin, Huaixing Li, Rongxia Li, Yong Liu, Frank B. Hu, Rong Zeng, Xu Lin, Jiarui Wu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE Acylcarnitines were suggested as early biomarkers even prior to insulin resistance in animal studies, but their roles in predicting type 2 diabetes were unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether acylcarnitines could independently predict type 2 diabetes by using a targeted metabolic profiling approach. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A population-based prospective study was conducted among 2,103 community-living Chinese individuals aged 50–70 years from Beijing and Shanghai with a mean follow-up duration of 6 years. Fasting glucose, glycohemoglobin, and insulin were determined at baseline and in a follow-up survey. Baseline plasma acylcarnitines were profiled by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Over the 6-year period, 507 participants developed diabetes. A panel of acylcanitines, especially with long chain, was significantly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The relative risks of type 2 diabetes per SD increase of the predictive model score were 2.48 (95% CI 2.20–2.78) for the conventional and 9.41 (95% CI 7.62–11.62) for the full model including acylcarnitines, respectively. Moreover, adding selected acylcarnitines substantially improved predictive ability for incident diabetes, as area under the receiver operator characteristic curve improved to 0.89 in the full model compared with 0.73 in the conventional model. Similar associations were obtained when the predictive models were established separately among Beijing or Shanghai residents. CONCLUSIONS A panel of acylcarnitines, mainly involving mitochondrial lipid dysregulation, significantly improved predictive ability for type 2 diabetes beyond conventional risk factors. These findings need to be replicated in other populations, and the underlying mechanisms should be elucidated.
SYNTHETIC DRUGS II
Authors: JULIUS STIEGLITZ
Journal: JAMA (1918)

It has been suggested that the new official names for licensed synthetic drugs be kept prominently before physicians until they have become by repetition familiar to the profession. They are: Arsphenamine, introduced as "salvarsan." Procaine, introduced as "novocaine." Barbital, introduced as "veronal." Barbital-Sodium, introduced as "veronal-sodium." <h3>SELECTION OF SYNTHETICS</h3> One of the most impressive lessons taught by the stoppage of importations of synthetic drugs as a result of the war is the fact that only a comparatively small proportion of the synthetics still protected by patents and introduced into this country and widely advertised before the war has been found essential for the proper medical care of the people. Of this small proportion, only a very few have been in such urgent and widespread demand that manufacturers have been glad to undertake their preparation without feeling that they were entering on the enterprise simply as an act of patriotic sacrifice.
IL-6 and Tumor Susceptibility Alleles of Strain BALB/C Cause Phenotypic Shift of MYC-Driven Lymphomas in Mice from Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) to Plasmacytoma (PCT)
Authors: Vishala T. Neppalli, Siegfried Janz, Sebastian Rutsch, Hartmut Goldschmidt
Journal: Blood (2008)
Telomere Length, Long-Term Black Carbon Exposure, and Cognitive Function in a Cohort of Older Men: The VA Normative Aging Study
Authors: Elena Colicino, Ander Wilson, Maria Chiara Frisardi, Diddier Prada, Melinda C. Power, Mirjam Hoxha, Laura Dioni, Avron Spiro, Pantel S. Vokonas, Marc G. Weisskopf, Joel D. Schwartz, Andrea A. Baccarelli
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Long-term air pollution exposure has been associated with age-related cognitive impairment, possibly because of enhanced inflammation. Leukocytes with longer telomere length (TL) are more responsive to inflammatory stimuli, yet TL has not been evaluated in relation to air pollution and cognition.We assessed whether TL modifies the association of 1-year exposure to black carbon (BC), a marker of traffic-related air pollution, with cognitive function in older men, and we examined whether this modification is independent of age and of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation.Between 1999 and 2007, we conducted 1-3 cognitive examinations of 428 older men in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Normative Aging Study. We used covariate-adjusted repeated-measure logistic regression to estimate associations of 1-year BC exposure with relative odds of being a low scorer (≤ 25) on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), which is a proxy of poor cognition. Confounders included age, CRP, and lifestyle and sociodemographic factors.Each doubling in BC level was associated with 1.57 (95% CI: 1.20, 2.05) times higher odds of low MMSE scores. The BC-MMSE association was greater only among individuals with longer blood TL (5th quintile) (OR = 3.23; 95% CI: 1.37, 7.59; p = 0.04 for BC-by-TL-interaction). TL and CRP were associated neither with each other nor with MMSE. However, CRP modified the BC-MMSE relationship, with stronger associations only at higher CRP (5th quintile) and reference TL level (1st quintile) (OR = 2.68; 95% CI: 1.06, 6.79; p = 0.04 for BC-by-CRP-interaction).TL and CRP levels may help predict the impact of BC exposure on cognitive function in older men. Citation: Colicino E, Wilson A, Frisardi MC, Prada D, Power MC, Hoxha M, Dioni L, Spiro A III, Vokonas PS, Weisskopf MG, Schwartz JD, Baccarelli AA. 2017. Telomere length, long-term black carbon exposure, and cognitive function in a cohort of older men: the VA Normative Aging Study. Environ Health Perspect 125:76-81; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP241.
Unfamiliar territory
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2007)

As an academic you can become typecast. Your series of papers on, say, the left uterine artery leads to presentations at the European Uterine Society and the International Artery Association. Your talk at local medical meetings is “The left uterine artery: who needs it?” Your lecture for undergraduates is “The crazy world of the left uterine artery.” Sooner or later you get bored and want to speak about something else.