tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does tranexamic acid improve outcomes in traumatic brain injury?
Authors: Abda Mahmood, Ian Roberts, Haleema Shakur, Tim Harris, Antonio Belli
Journal: BMJ (2016)

#### What you need to know Worldwide at least 200 per 100 000 people are killed or admitted to hospital each year after traumatic brain injury.1 This results in more than 10 million deaths or hospital admissions.2 In the UK, around one million people attend emergency departments every year with a traumatic brain injury.3 Intracranial bleeding is common after traumatic brain injury, and the larger the bleed the greater the risk of death and disability.4 5 Bleeding continues after hospital admission in 84% of patients with moderate or severe injuries,6 7 and can continue for up to 24 hours.8 About one third of patients have laboratory evidence of abnormal coagulation.9 High levels of fibrin degradation products are seen within the first three hours.10 Such patients have a higher risk of intracranial haemorrhage and mortality. Tranexamic acid reduces bleeding by inhibiting the enzymatic breakdown of fibrin blood clots (fig 1⇓). Fig 1 A Normal fibrinolysis. B: Fibrinolysis inhibited by tranexamic acid. Plasmin binds to fibrin via lysine binding sites and then splits fibrin into fibrin degradation products. Tranexamic acid is a molecular analogue of lysine that inhibits fibrinolysis by reducing the binding of plasmin to fibrin Tranexamic acid is used routinely in some cases of trauma and in surgery. For example, it reduces the need for blood transfusion in surgical patients.11 12 In trauma patients with extracranial haemorrhage:13
The Interlaboratory RObustness of Next-Generation Sequencing (IRON) Study: Deep-Sequencing Investigating TET2, CBL, and KRAS Mutations In 4464 Amplicons by An International Group Involving 8 Laboratories.
Authors: Alexander Kohlmann, Hans-Ulrich Klein, Silvia Bresolin, Tracy Chaplin, Harry Cuppens, Bernardo Garicochea, Vera Grossmann, Bozena Hanczaruk, Katja Hofer, Ilaria Iacobucci, Joop H Jansen, Truus te Kronnie, Louis van de Locht, Giovanni Martinelli, Kim McGowan, Stephanie Stabentheiner, Bernd Timmermann, Peter Vandenberghe, Bryan D Young, Martin Dugas, Torsten Haferlach
Journal: Blood (2010)
P0080 : Higher survival in baby boomers following livertransplantation: An analysis of the unos database
Authors: R.B. Perumpail, J. Marcus, R. Liang, A. Liu, A. Laurain, S. Saab, M. Stepanova, Z.M. Younossi, R.J. Wong, A. Ahmed
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Two Phase 3 Trials of Dupilumab versus Placebo in Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Eric L. Simpson, Thomas Bieber, Emma Guttman-Yassky, Lisa A. Beck, Andrew Blauvelt, Michael J. Cork, Jonathan I. Silverberg, Mette Deleuran, Yoko Kataoka, Jean-Philippe Lacour, Külli Kingo, Margitta Worm, Yves Poulin, Andreas Wollenberg, Yuhwen Soo, Neil M.H. Graham, Gianluca Pirozzi, Bolanle Akinlade, Heribert Staudinger, Vera Mastey, Laurent Eckert, Abhijit Gadkari, Neil Stahl, George D. Yancopoulos, Marius Ardeleanu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Dupilumab, a human monoclonal antibody against interleukin-4 receptor alpha, inhibits signaling of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, type 2 cytokines that may be important drivers of atopic or allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.
Hormonal contraception use among teenagers linked to depression
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Use of hormonal contraceptives, especially among adolescents, was associated with subsequent antidepressant use and a first diagnosis of depression, a large Danish study published in JAMA Psychiatry has found.1

The nationwide prospective study included all women and adolescents aged 15 to 34 years who were living in Denmark between 2000 and 2013 after excluding those with a prior diagnosis of depression or other major psychiatric disorder. A total of 1 061 997 women, followed up for an average of 6.4 years, were included in the …
P0377 : Tumor number improves the prognostic value of hepatoma arterial-embolization score in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with chemoembolization
Authors: Y. Park, S.U. Kim, B.K. Kim, J.Y. Park, D.Y. Kim, S.H. Ahn, Y.E. Park, J.H. Park, Y.I. Lee, H.R. Yun, K.-H. Han
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Semaphorin 3A Expression on Donor and Recipient Regulatory Cells: A Novel Pre-Transplant Biomarker Predicting the Development of Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease
Authors: Zahava Vadas, Eti Ganon-Elazar, Yuval Nov, Israel Henig, Dina Attias, Nuhad Haddad, Riva Fineman, Jacob M. Rowe, Tsila Zuckerman
Journal: Blood (2014)
UK needs “radical rethink” on public health, say medical scientists
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The United Kingdom must have “a radical rethink” in how it approaches public health if it is to reduce inequalities and meet the health challenges facing society over the next 25 years, concludes a new report by the Academy of Medical Sciences.1

In its report the academy said that the challenges associated with an ageing and growing population, a rising prevalence of obesity, and environmental and economic change could not be tackled in isolation and required coordinated action across healthcare, academia, government, and society. It called for better alignment between public …
Phagocytosis Is A Mechanism of Action for Daratumumab
Authors: Marije B. Overdijk, Sandra Verploegen, Bögels Marijn, Marjolein van Egmond, Richard W.J. Groen, Anton C.M. Martens, Jeroen Lammerts van Bueren, Wim Bleeker, Paul W.H.I. Parren
Journal: Blood (2012)
Eosinophilia in a Man With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Shannon Ruzycki, Robert Jack Henry Miller, Tyrone Harrison
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Efficacy of consolidation high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with ifosfamide, carboplatin and etoposide followed by peripheral blood stem cell rescue (PBSCR) in chemosensitive patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcomas
Authors: M. Schlemmer, C. M. Wendtner, M. Falk, L. H. Lindner, S. Abdel-Rahman, C. Salat, W. Hiddemann, R. D. Issels
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9014 Background: Prognosis of patients (pts) with metastatic soft tissue sarcomas (STS) is poor even after an objective clinical response to intensive doxorubicin based chemotherapy (response rate (RR) 23–45 %, median survival 13–15 months). Whether HDCT and PBSCR improves these results is an open question. We report phase II data of response to AI-G chemotherapy regime in pts with metastatic STS and the efficacy of HDCT and PBSCT. Patients and methods: From 1997 to 2003, 55 pts with metastatic STS were prospectively treated with 4 cycles of AI-G (adriamycin 75mg/m2, ifosfamide 6g/m2 with G-CSF support) as induction chemotherapy. After assessment of response pts with CR or PR received 2 further cycles AI-G with collection of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). HDCT consisted of ifosfamide (12g/m2), etoposide (1,2g/m2) and carboplatin (1,2g/m2) (HD-ICE) followed by reinfusion of PBSCs. Results: Of 55 pts 20 pts (RR 36%) were assessed as responders (3CR;17PR) and all but two pts, who refused, received HDCT with PBSCR. The 18 pts receiving HD-ICE experienced grade IV hematologic toxicity while no severe infectious complications were observed and no toxic death occured. By intent to treat analysis (20 pts) the 2-year and 5-year-overall survival (OS) are 50% and 26 %, the median survival is 23 months (median follow-up 21 months). Of nine pts being alive four pts are alive with NED at 11+, 22+, 42+,79+ months and five pts are alive with disease at 11+, 14+, 17+, 31+, 37+ months. 11 pts have died. Conclusion: Survival of pts with chemosensitive metastatic STS seems to be significantly prolonged by HDCT and PBSCR. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
P1-163: Immunocytochemical evaluation of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung for the more accurate preoperative diagnosis
Authors: Chiaki Endo, Masako Honda, Fumihiko Hoshi, Akira Sakurada, Akira Miyamoto, Masafumi Noda, Itaru Ishida, Takashi Kondo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
The EBMT Score Predicts Transplant Related Mortality and Overall Survival after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Sara Lozano, Eduardo Olavarria, Simona Iacobelli, Anja van Biezen, Dietrich W. Beelen, Jurgen Finke, Ghulam J Mufti, Dietger Niederwieser, Gerhard Ehninger, Arnold Ganser, Gernot Stuhler, Johan Maertens, Andrea Bacigalupo, Liisa Volin, Arnon Nagler, Guido Kobbe, Stefan Schönland, Theo de Witte, Nicolaus Kröger, Marie Robin
Journal: Blood (2015)
Inhibition of fatty acid synthase by C247 for lung cancer treatment
Authors: Hajime Orita, Ju-Hyung Woo, Jill McFadden, Scuth Pin, Craig Townsend, Frank Kuhajda, Edward Gabrielson
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

2379  mTOR is a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions as a central modulator of cell growth at the level of mRNA translation. Among the proteins affected are Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α (HIF-1α), a transcription factor which upregulates numerous genes such as erythropoietin, glucose transporters, glycolytic enzymes and vascular endothelial growth factor in response to hypoxia. We have previously shown in three different models of hypoxia that blockage of the glycolytic pathway with inhibitors such as 2-DG results in cell death. However, in the model where HIF-1α is upregulated, cells are less sensitive than in those that do not express HIF-1α. Here using rapamycin, the inhibitor of mTOR, we find that there is a significant increase in trypan blue positive cells (indicating death) when this drug is combined with 2-DG in the small cell lung cancer line SCLC-B growing under hypoxic conditions for 72 hr. Thus, at 4000 μg/ml of 2-DG, 55% of the cell population is dead while when combined with a non-toxic dose of rapamycin (1μg/ml) cell death increases to 80%. At a slightly higher concentration of 2-DG (5000μg/ml) cell death increases from 70% to 100% when combined with rapamycin. 4EBP is a downstream target of mTOR which when phosphorylated by this kinase acts to initiate translation of mRNA. When cells are treated with rapamycin (1μg/ml) 4EBP is found to be dephosphorylated indicating that this may be the mechanism by which the mTOR pathway is inhibited. Moreover, when cells are under hypoxia for 72 hr, HIF-1α is upregulated while mTOR remains at the same level as when cells are grown under normoxic conditions. Additionally, western blot analysis demonstrated that CCI-779 (an ester analog of rapamycin) also inhibits HIF-1α expression in cells growing under hypoxia. Overall, these results suggest 2-DG in combination with inhibitors of the HIF and/or mTOR pathways could be useful in targeting the hypoxic cell populations of solid tumors.
Runx2 deletion in smooth muscle cells inhibits vascular osteochondrogenesis and calcification but not atherosclerotic lesion formation
Authors: Mu-En Lin, Theodore M. Chen, Mary C. Wallingford, Ngoc B. Nguyen, Shunsuke Yamada, Chenphop Sawangmake, Jaimei Zhang, Mei Y. Speer, Cecilia M. Giachelli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are major precursors contributing to osteochondrogenesis and calcification in atherosclerosis. Runt-related transcription factor-2 (Runx2) has been found essential for SMC differentiation to an osteochondrogenic phenotype and subsequent calcification in vitro. A recent study using a conditional targeting allele that produced a truncated Runx2 protein in SMCs of ApoE−/− mice showed reduced vascular calcification, likely occurring via reduction of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), macrophage infiltration, and atherosclerotic lesion formation. Using an improved conditional Runx2 knockout mouse model, we have elucidated new roles for SMC-specific Runx2 in arterial intimal calcification (AIC) without effects on atherosclerotic lesion size. We used an improved targeting construct to generate LDLr−/− mice with floxed-Runx2 alleles ( LDLr−/− :Runx2 f/f ) such that Cre-mediated recombination ( LDLr−/− :Runx2 ΔSM ) does not produce functional truncated Runx2 protein, thereby avoiding off-target effects. We found that both LDLr−/− :Runx2 f/f and LDLr−/− :Runx2 ΔSM mice fed with a high fat diet developed atherosclerosis. SMC-specific Runx2 deletion did not significantly reduce atherosclerotic lesion size, macrophage number, or expression of RANKL, MCP-1, and CCR2. However, it significantly reduced AIC by 50%. Mechanistically, Sox9 and type II collagen were unaltered in vessels of LDLr−/− :Runx2 ΔSM mice compared to LDLr−/− :Runx2 f/f counterparts, while type X collagen, MMP13 and the osteoblastic marker osteocalcin were significantly reduced. SMC autonomous Runx2 is required for SMC differentiation towards osteoblast-like cells, SMC-derived chondrocyte maturation and AIC in atherosclerotic mice. These effects were independent of systemic lipid metabolism, RANKL expression, macrophage infiltration, and atheromatous lesion progression.
Asthma and risk of bronchiectasis exacerbation: we still need more evidence
Authors: Bei Mao, Jia-Wei Yang, Hai-Wen Lu, Jin-Fu Xu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

According to our study, although more evidence is needed, the existence of asthma is associated with an independent increase in risk of bronchiectasis exacerbation [1]. Bronchiectasis and asthma share some similarities in clinical characteristics and bronchial hyperresponsiveness, which would bring some diagnostic challenges of asthma in bronchiectasis patients. As shown by Guan et al. [2], reversible airway obstruction or hyperresponsiveness can occur in patients with bronchiectasis. If the extent of reversibility in those patients meets the diagnostic criteria of asthma, they should also be diagnosed with asthma. In our study, the diagnosis and recruitment of subjects was in strict accordance with the relevant guidelines [1, 3–6]. Diagnosis of bronchiectasis was performed using chest high-resolution computed tomography scans in suspected patients with coughing and expectoration, or long durations of haemoptysis. An exacerbation is defined as the patient reporting four or more of the following symptoms: change in sputum production, increased dyspnoea, increased cough, fever >38°C, increased wheezing, decreased exercise tolerance, fatigue, malaise, lethargy, reduced pulmonary function, changes in chest sounds, or radiographic changes consistent with a new infectious process [1, 3, 4]. Asthma was diagnosed for patients with symptoms such as episodic breathlessness, wheezing, cough and chest tightness, and whose spirometry showed bronchial reversibility of 12% and 200 mL from the pre-bronchodilator value or airway hyperresponsiveness as a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) caused by a provocative histamine with a cumulative dose <2.4 mg [5, 6]. Asthma increases the risk of bronchiectasis exacerbation; however, more evidence is needed <http://ow.ly/dWm0300OcFj>
Serum microRNAs/enriched pathways in lung cancer 1-4 years before diagnosis: A pilot study from the HUNT Biobank, Norway.
Authors: Oluf D. Roe, Maria Markaki, Robin Mjelle, Pål Sætrom, Ioannis Tsamardinos, Vincenzo Lagani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

11539 Background: Early detection of lung cancer could increase survival and curation rate as low stage and surgery are positive prognostic factors. Screening of ever-smokers and asbestos exposed individuals by non-invasive methods is a desired path to increase the rate of early detection and cure in the future. Moreover, circulating early microRNA signature may decipher lung cancer biology. Methods: Serum samples from the HUNT3 Biobank, Levanger, Norway were profiled with separate total microRNA sequencing (Illumina). The samples included lung adenocarcinoma (n=4), squamous cell carcinoma (n=5) and small-cell carcinoma (n=5) cases collected 1-4 years before diagnosis, along with age and sex-matched non-cancer individuals (n=28), ratio 1:2; the never smokers to ever-smokers ratio of controls was 50/50. The differentially expressed (DE) microRNAs were analyzed for enrichment by DIANA-miRPath v3. 0. The target genes of each microRNA included in the signature were determined with the DIANA-microT web server v5.0 and the union of all the microRNA targets was assessed for enrichment in KEGG pathways. Pathways with FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05 are reported in the results. Results: We detected 12 DE microRNAs in the serum 1-4 years in adenocarcioma plus squamous cell carcinoma (NSLC) versus controls. There were 9 DE microRNAs small-cell carcinoma. Several pathways were enriched, including pathways for their respective cancer types (Ex. Table1). Conclusions: In this relatively small but unique pilot study we identified microRNAs that were significantly DE in serum of lung cancer patient 1-4 years prior to diagnosis. These specific microRNAs also target cancer-specific pathways. These are preliminary results whose validation in a larger cohort is still pending. There is hope that significant biomarkers can soon be discovered for early detection of lung cancer within the microRNA family. KEGG pathway p-value #genes #miRNAs SCLC vs controls ECM-receptor interaction 7.85E-31 25 4 Small cell lung cancer 3.09E-06 24 6 NSCLC vs controls Dopaminergic synapse 8.82E-11 53 10 Non-small cell lung cancer 0.00142 17 10
Ex-Vivo Acquisition of Central Memory Phenotype Is Critical for Tolerance Induction by Donor Anti-3rd party CD8 T Cells in Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation.
Authors: Yaki Edelshtein, Eran Ophir, Esther Bachar-Lustig, Ran Afik, Yair Reisner
Journal: Blood (2008)
Influence Of Donor Source On Relapse and Survival In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Analysis From The Japan Society For Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (JSHCT) AML Working Group
Authors: Shingo Yano, Hiroki Yokoyama, Naoyuki Uchida, Kazuhiko Kakihana, Takahiro Fukuda, Heiwa Kanamori, Hiroyasu Ogawa, Tokiko Nagamura, Junji Tanaka, Yasuo Morishima, Yoshiko Atsuta, Akiyoshi Takami
Journal: Blood (2013)
Mutation profiles in early-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma with clinical follow-up and correlation with markers of immune function
Authors: M. Choi, H. Kadara, J. Zhang, E.R. Parra, J. Rodriguez-Canales, S.G. Gaffney, Z. Zhao, C. Behrens, J. Fujimoto, C. Chow, K. Kim, N. Kalhor, C. Moran, D. Rimm, S. Swisher, D.L. Gibbons, J. Heymach, E. Kaftan, J.P. Townsend, T.J. Lynch, J. Schlessinger, J. Lee, R.P. Lifton, R.S. Herbst, I.I. Wistuba
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
The RECOVER Program: Disability Risk Groups and 1-Year Outcome after 7 or More Days of Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Margaret S. Herridge, Leslie M. Chu, Andrea Matte, George Tomlinson, Linda Chan, Claire Thomas, Jan O. Friedrich, Sangeeta Mehta, Francois Lamontagne, Melanie Levasseur, Niall D. Ferguson, Neill K. J. Adhikari, Jill C. Rudkowski, Hilary Meggison, Yoanna Skrobik, John Flannery, Mark Bayley, Jane Batt, Claudia dos Santos, Susan E. Abbey, Adrienne Tan, Vincent Lo, Sunita Mathur, Matteo Parotto, Denise Morris, Linda Flockhart, Eddy Fan, Christie M. Lee, M. Elizabeth Wilcox, Najib Ayas, Karen Choong, Robert Fowler, Damon C. Scales, Tasnim Sinuff, Brian H. Cuthbertson, Louise Rose, Priscila Robles, Stacey Burns, Marcelo Cypel, Lianne Singer, Cecelia Chaparro, Chung-Wai Chow, Shaf Keshavjee, Laurent Brochard, Paul Hebert, Arthur S. Slutsky, John C. Marshall, Deborah Cook, Jill I. Cameron
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Disability risk groups and 1-year outcome after greater than or equal to 7 days of mechanical ventilation (MV) in medical/surgical intensive care unit (ICU) patients are unknown and may inform education, prognostication, rehabilitation, and study design.To stratify patients for post-ICU disability and recovery to 1 year after critical illness.We evaluated a multicenter cohort of 391 medical/surgical ICU patients who received greater than or equal to 1 week of MV at 7 days and 3, 6, and 12 months after ICU discharge. Disability risk groups were identified using recursive partitioning modeling.The 7-day post-ICU Functional Independence Measure (FIM) determined the recovery trajectory to 1-year after ICU discharge and was an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality. The 7-day post-ICU FIM was predicted by age and ICU length of stay. By 2 weeks of MV, ICU patients could be stratified into four disability groups characterized by increasing risk for post ICU disability, ICU and post-ICU healthcare use, and disposition. Patients less than 42 years with ICU length of stay less than 2 weeks had the best function and fewest deaths at 1 year compared with patients greater than 66 years with ICU length of stay greater than 2 weeks who sustained the worst disability and 40% 1-year mortality. Depressive symptoms (17%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (18%) persisted at 1 year.ICU survivors of greater than or equal to 1 week of MV may be stratified into four disability groups based on age and ICU length of stay. These groups determine 1-year recovery and healthcare use and are independent of admitting diagnosis and illness severity. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT 00896220).
Role of 18F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) after induction chemotherapy In stage IIIA-N2 non-small cell lung cancer (N2-NSCLC)
Authors: Johan Vansteenkiste, Sigrid Stroobants, Paul De Leyn, Patrick Dupont, W Dewever, Georges Deneffe, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Antoon Lerut, Luc Mortelmans, Maurice Demedts
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)