tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SP0220 Don't Forget the Carers! Why We Need a Europe-Wide Strategy for Carers
Authors: G. Lamura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

This presentation will first introduce a broad definition of what an “unpaid carer” is, and then proceed in pointing out that approximately 80% of care across Europe is provided by this kind of actors, such as spouses, children, other relatives and friends. Even in countries with a well-developed supply of formal long-term care, the number of informal carers is estimated to be at least twice as large as the formal care workforce, whose estimated economic value - as a percentage of the overall cost of formal long-term care provision - in European Union (EU) Member States ranges from 50% to 90%. Carers are therefore an indispensable part of the provision, organisation and sustainability of health and social care systems; and they will become even more important in view of the changing health and care needs, due to the ageing of society and the increasing prevalence of frailty and chronic diseases. This resource is however currently under pressure, due to lower birth rates, the trend towards smaller families, increasing mobility (leading to greater physical distances between relatives), the rising number of women entering the labour market and a prolonged working life due to delayed retirement (partly following explicit policies aiming at increasing labour force participation of women and older workers). These developments are being compounded by increasing shortages of formal caregivers, which is rapidly becoming a major issue in the majority of EU countries. This is because, although caring for a loved one can be a source of personal satisfaction and emotional gratification, it might also have challenging consequences for carers9 (physical and mental) health, social participation and financial situation. At the same time, there can be negative consequences for society and the economy as well, as informal care provision can result in lower productivity for those carers that combine care and work, and can also lead to increasing health and welfare costs, due to carers9 physical and mental health problems. In conclusion, carers are important to those in need of care as well as to the economy and society as a whole. However, their interests should be more systematically considered in policies, both at national and European level, that impact on them in a consistent and across-the-board manner, such as in particular health, social, employment, social security and housing policies, all coming into play in different ways. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Interaction of vitamin E isoforms on asthma and allergic airway disease
Authors: Joan Cook-Mills, Tebeb Gebretsadik, Hiam Abdala-Valencia, Jeremy Green, Emma K Larkin, William D Dupont, Xiao Ou Shu, Myron Gross, Chunxue Bai, Yu-Tang Gao, Terryl J Hartman, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Tina Hartert
Journal: Thorax (2016)

Prospective epidemiological studies, observational cross-sectional studies and some randomised prevention trials have demonstrated inconsistent findings of the impact of vitamin E on asthma risk. The goals of this study were to explore whether this differing association of vitamin E on asthma risk is due to an interaction of vitamin E isoforms. To address this question, in a population-based asthma incidence study we assessed the interaction between the plasma concentrations of vitamin E isoforms α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol on asthma risk. Second, to understand the mechanisms of any interaction of these isoforms, we conducted experimental supplementation of α-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol isoforms in mice on the outcome of allergic airway inflammation. We found that in the highest γ-tocopherol tertile, low levels of α-tocopherol were associated with increased asthma risk, while highest tertile α-tocopherol levels trended to be protective. Similarly, in a mouse model of asthma, diet supplementation with α-tocopherol decreased lung inflammation in response to house dust mite (HDM) challenge. In contrast, diet supplementation with γ-tocopherol increased lung inflammation in response to HDM. These human and animal studies provide evidence for the competing effects of the vitamin E isoforms, in physiological concentrations, on asthma and allergic airway disease.
Supplementary Information on pH, Hyperthermia, and Cell Survival: Tumor Hyperacidification and Multistep Cancer Therapy
Authors: M. von Ardenne, P. G. Reitnauer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Supplementary Information on pH, Hyperthermia, and Cell Survival: Tumor Hyperacidification and Multistep Cancer Therapy Get access M. von Ardenne, Prof. Dr. h.c., M. von Ardenne, Prof. Dr. h.c. Forschungsinstitut Manfred von Ardenne, Zeppelinstrasse 7 DDR 8051 Dresden, German Democratic Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. G. Reitnauer, Dipl.-Biol. P. G. Reitnauer, Dipl.-Biol. Forschungsinstitut Manfred von Ardenne, Zeppelinstrasse 7 DDR 8051 Dresden, German Democratic Republic Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 61, Issue 1, July 1978, Page 3, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/61.1.3 Published: 01 July 1978
Mental patients' knowledge of in-hospital rights
Authors: M J Mills, T G Gutheil, M A Igneri, L Grinspoon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors questioned 52 recently admitted patients about formally receiving information regarding patients' rights and about their knowledge of that information. Of the 13 day hospital patients, 12 recalled being given the information, but only 20 of 39 inpatients recalled receiving the information. Most patients, irrespective of their diagnosis or legal status, knew their rights. Surprisingly, comparison with a group of patients who did not receive information on their rights revealed no relationship between receiving this information and knowledge of patients' rights. On the basis of these and other findings, the authors discuss some difficulties with presentation of patients' rights and offer recommendations.
Chemotherapy with Methotrexate, Vinblastine, Epirubicin and Carboplatin (Carbo-MVE) in Transitional Cell Urothelial Cancer
Authors: D V Skarlos, G Aravantinos, E Linardou, C A Kostakopoulos, I Kastriotis, C Christodoulou, D Picramenos, T Giannakakis, K Dimopoulos, G Fountzilas
Journal: European Urology (1997)
NIR-Cyanine Dye Linker: a Promising Candidate for Isochronic Fluorescence Imaging in Molecular Cancer Diagnostics and Therapy Monitoring
Authors: Dorde Komljenovic, Manfred Wiessler, Waldemar Waldeck, Volker Ehemann, Ruediger Pipkorn, Hans-Hermann Schrenk, Jürgen Debus, Klaus Braun
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

Personalized anti-cancer medicine is boosted by the recent development of molecular diagnostics and molecularly targeted drugs requiring rapid and efficient ligation routes. Here, we present a novel approach to synthetize a conjugate able to act simultaneously as an imaging and as a chemotherapeutic agent by coupling functional peptides employing solid phase peptide synthesis technologies. Development and the first synthesis of a fluorescent dye with similarity in the polymethine part of the Cy7 molecule whose indolenine-N residues were substituted with a propylene linker are described. Methylating agent temozolomide is functionalized with a tetrazine as a diene component whereas Cy7-cell penetrating peptide conjugate acts as a dienophilic reaction partner for the inverse Diels-Alder click chemistry-mediated ligation route yielding a theranostic conjugate, 3-mercapto-propionic-cyclohexenyl-Cy7-bis-temozolomide-bromide-cell penetrating peptide. Synthesis route described here may facilitate targeted delivery of the therapeutic compound to achieve sufficient local concentrations at the target site or tissue. Its versatility allows a choice of adequate imaging tags applicable in e.g. PET, SPECT, CT, near-infrared imaging, and therapeutic substances including cytotoxic agents. Imaging tags and therapeutics may be simultaneously bound to the conjugate applying click chemistry. Theranostic compound presented here offers a solid basis for a further improvement of cancer management in a precise, patient-specific manner.
PTH-030 Esge survey: practice patterns amongst european gastroenterologists regarding the endoscopic management of barrett’s oesophagus
Authors: S Dunn, L Neilson, C Hassan, P Sharma, C Guy, C Rees
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Barrett’s Oesophagus is a common condition that is widely encountered in clinical practice. This European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) survey asked clinicians attending United European Gastroenterology Week (UEGW) 2014 in Vienna to answer questions about their practice in the diagnosis and management of Barrett’s Oesophagus. <h3>Method</h3> A ten question survey was programmed on to two iPads and delegates attending the ESGE learning area were asked to complete it. The information gathered was demographics, practice settings and management strategies for Barrett’s Oesophagus. This survey was based on a similar survey done in the USA in 2013,<sup>1</sup>and was carried out as an ESGE initiative on behalf of the ESGE research committee. Permission was obtained from the original author of the American survey to reproduce it in a European setting. <h3>Results</h3> 163 responses were obtained. Over half of respondents (61%) were based in university hospitals, the majority (78%) were aged 30–50 and half had more than ten years’ experience in gastroenterology. 66% routinely attended courses on Barrett’s Oesophagus and more than half (60%) used the Prague C&amp;M classification. Advanced imaging was used by 73% of clinicians and 72% of respondents stated that their group practiced ablation therapy. Most (76%) practiced surveillance for non-dysplastic Barrett’s, 6% offered ablation therapy in some situations and 18% offered no intervention. For low grade dysplasia 56% practiced surveillance, 19% ablated some cases and 15% ablated all cases. 32% of clinicians referred high grade dysplasia to expert centres, 20% referred directly for surgery and 46% used ablation therapy in certain cases. Endoscopic mucosal resection was the most commonly used ablation technique (44%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> There has been good uptake of the Prague C&amp;M classification for describing Barrett’s Oesophagus and ablation is widely practiced. However practice patterns in the endoscopic diagnosis and management of Barrett’s Oesophagus vary widely between clinicians. Clear guidance and quality standards are therefore required. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Singh M, Gupta N, Gaddam S, Balasubramanian G, Wani S, Sinh P, <i>et al</i>. Practice patterns among US gastroenterologists regarding endoscopic management of Barrett’s esophagus. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013;78(5):689–95
PWE-028 Randomised comparison of a standard protocol using metoclopramide versus a hand held magnet to enhance gastric emptying of the small bowel capsule
Authors: MF Hale, R Sidhu, ME McAlindon
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Delayed gastric emptying can be a significant factor in incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). This has been addressed by using prokinetic agents, albeit with the need for cannulation or intramuscular (IM) injections and the small risk of adverse drug reactions. Recently a manoeuvrable small bowel (SB) capsule has become available using a handheld magnet to control movement. We compared this magnetically steerable method to a standard protocol using metoclopramide for enhancing gastric transit of the SB capsule. <h3>Method</h3> Single centre, randomised controlled trial involving 121 patients attending for SBCE using MiroCam Navi (Intromedic, Seoul, Korea). Patients were randomised to either the standard (control) group or the steerable capsule (intervention) group. The control group were mobilised for 30 min after ingestion of the capsule, followed by IM metoclopramide 10 mg if the SBCE had failed to enter the SB. The intervention group ingested a gastric distention volume of 1000 mls of water with 5 drops of simethicone prior to SBCE. Positional change and magnetic steering was used to manipulate the SBCE into the duodenum. If unsuccessful after 30 min, the patient transferred to the standard protocol. 60 patients per group were required to achieve 80% power, assuming a completion rate of 70% for the control protocol, improving to 90% with the intervention. Ethics: 13/YH/0358. <h3>Results</h3> 121 patients were recruited (60 to the control group, 61 to the intervention group: mean age 49 years (range 21–85), 61 females). 2 patients were excluded due to gastric retention of the capsule. Mobility, particularly tilting and rotational movements was achieved with reasonable precision in the gastric cavity. However, this became challenging in the pre-pyloric region due to variability in anatomical orientation and peristaltic contractions. Clarity of gastric mucosal views was excellent. Gastric transit time (GTT) was longer in the intervention group but this did not reach statistical significance (median 23 vs 51 min Mann-Whitney U=1487, p = 0.116). There was no significant difference in capsule endoscopy completion rate (CECR) between the two groups (χ² p = 0.395). Examining the intervention sub-group: no correlation between body mass index (BMI) or waist-hip ratio (WHR) and GTT was demonstrated (r = 0.002 and r = 5.98 respectively). Similarly no significant difference between WHR (p = 0.938) or BMI (p = 0.507) and CECR was noted. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Magnetic steering of a SB capsule is unable to overcome pyloric contractions to enhance gastric emptying. However, mobility and image clarity within the gastric cavity was excellent, Therefore, with further improvements this technique could potentially be harnessed to enable capsular examination of the gastric cavity. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Growth-Supporting Activities of Fibronectin on Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells In Vitro and In Vivo: Structural Requirement for Fibronectin Activities of CS1 and Cell-Binding Domains
Authors: Takafumi Yokota, Kenji Oritani, Hideki Mitsui, Keisuke Aoyama, Jun Ishikawa, Hiroyuki Sugahara, Itaru Matsumura, Schickwann Tsai, Yoshiaki Tomiyama, Yuzuru Kanakura, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Blood (1998)
Tissue Culture in the Study of Animal and Human Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Austin M. Brues
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Tissue Culture in the Study of Animal and Human Tumors Get access Austin M. Brues Austin M. Brues Argonne National Laboratories, Lemont, Illinois Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 4, October 1957, Pages 771–779, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.4.771 Published: 01 October 1957 Article history Received: 28 May 1957 Published: 01 October 1957
NIH Precision Medicine Initiative: Implications for Diabetes Research
Authors: Judith E. Fradkin, Mary C. Hanlon, Griffin P. Rodgers
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

In his January 2015 State of the Union address, President Barack Obama announced a new Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) to personalize approaches toward improving health and treating disease (www.whitehouse.gov/precision-medicine). He stated that the goal of such an initiative was "to bring us closer to curing diseases like cancer and diabetes, and to give all of us access to the personalized information we need to keep ourselves and our families healthier." Since that time, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has taken a leadership role in implementing the President's vision related to biomedical research (www.nih.gov/precisionmedicine). Here, we discuss the NIH component of the PMI, related ongoing diabetes research, and near-term research that could position the diabetes field to take full advantage of the opportunities that stem from the PMI.
IDEAL-D: a rational framework for evaluating and regulating the use of medical devices
Authors: Art Sedrakyan, Bruce Campbell, Jose G Merino, Richard Kuntz, Allison Hirst, Peter McCulloch
Journal: BMJ (2016)

High profile device failures have highlighted the inadequacies of current regulation. <b>Art Sedrakyan and colleagues</b> call for a move to a graduated model of approval and suggest a framework to achieve this goal
Post-operative Venous Thrombosis
Authors: W C WILSON
Journal: BMJ (1963)

ently sticking to, other cells are not uncommonly seen, but rarely more than one or two to a cell and never in our experience in anything like the numbers in this case.Nor is the adhesion specific' to one kind of cell, as this was.Absence of satellitism from the capillary blood film classifies it as an " in vitro " pheno- menon (analogous perhaps to the L.E. cell), but, since it has not been seen in some thousands of blood films prepared in the course of routine work from similarly treated samples, it cannot be attributed to either the anticoagulant or the technique.We cannot relate this phenomenon to any functional abnor- mality of the blood nor to the patient's symptoms, but we think the appearance is singular enough to be worth reporting.
FRI0531 Drug Survival of Biological Therapy in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: 10 Years Experience in a Single Center
Authors: S.V. Arsenyeva, I.P. Nikishina, M.I. Kaleda, A.N. Shapovalenko, S.R. Rodionovskaya, E.S. Fedorov, D.L. Alekseev, L.G. Medyntzeva
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Biologic agents have improved the possibility of treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Infliximab has the longest history of using and despite of <i>off-label</i> status was administrated from 2004. Etanercept is available in Russia from 2009. Unfortunately some patients do not respond to them or have side effects. Drug survival is a general marker of the success of a treatment, as it depends on the drug efficacy and its side effects. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate drug survival (continuation rates on drug) of Biologic agents (BA) in JIA patients (pts), non-responders to conventional therapy DMARDs included. <h3>Methods</h3> The study involved a prospective cohort of JIA patients taking different BA who attended our clinic from 2004 to 2014 with at least one year follow-up. Data on the disease course were used to estimate drug survival with Kaplan-Meier and calculate adverse event (AE) rates. <h3>Results</h3> A number of 431 JIA pts, treated with one or more BA were analyzed. The average age of patients is 10,5 years (from 1,5 to 18 years). Median disease duration, from onset to the beginning of BA therapy was 7.1 years (interquartil range 1.3 -14.1). In total, 543 treatment series with etanercept (n=155), adalimumab (n=141), infliximab (n=117), abatacept (n=77), tocilizumab (n=53) were administered. There were 131 cases of BA withdrawals. Reasons for drug discontinuation were inefficacy 42% (etanercept 5%, infliximab 17%, adalimumab 5%, abatacept 13%, tocilizumab 1%), AE 33% (etanercept 5%, infliximab 20%, adalimumab 2%, abatacept 2%, tocilizumab 4%) or other 24% (etanercept 2%, infliximab 11%, adalimumab 10%, abatacept 1%, tocilizumab 2%). Etanercept treatment survival at 12 months was 98%, infliximab - 80%, adalimumab - 93%, abatacept – 89%, tocilizumab – 91%. Data is presented on diagram below. Highest survival rates for TNF-inhibitors are associated with juvenile spondiloarthritis (JSA) group patients (Infliximab 64%, Adalimumab 89%, Etanercept 91%) and lowest with systemic arthritis (Infliximab 19%, Adalimumab 22%, Etanercept 78%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Infliximab therapy associated with the most discontinuation rate due to adverse events and inefficacy in compare of other BA. Among the subtypes of JIA, the risk of treatment discontinuation, TNF-inhibitors mostly, was highest in systemic arthritis. On the contrary, in JSA group patients the discontinuation rate was markedly low. In whole cohort of JIA patients etanercept and adalimumab have the optimal drug survival profile. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PWE-406 The benefits of a designated list for advanced polypectomy training
Authors: MT Pettman
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Aim: To improve polypectomy skills and reduce number of patients having to return to the unit for therapuetic procedure. Accessing endoscopy lists for advanced therapuetic training can be challenging. These designated lists are limited and often over subscribed. This study investigated the benefits of attending such a list on a regular basis to help improve the advanced polypectomy skills of a Nurse Endoscopist (NE). <h3>Method</h3> The NE attended 1 therapuetic training session per week over a 4 month period. The trainer was a senior surgical endoscopist. The list consisted of approximately 4 therapuetic procedures per list. There were no other trainees present. Data was collected on all the procedures performed by the NE 7 months prior to the end point of this training and 7 months after. <h3>Results</h3> 505 colonoscopies were performed in the 14 month period. 195 polyps were detected, 110 polyps before the end point of training (group A) and 85 after (group B). 13 polyps (11%) (adjusted 8 (6.3%)) in group A were not removed. Adjusted figures exclude 5 polyps where patients were on warfarin or needed full bowel preparation. 8 polyps (9%) (adjusted 4 (4.7%)) polyps in group B were not removed. Chi Squared (0.547) <h3>Conclusion</h3> Whilst there is an increase in the rate of successful polypectomy in group B there is insufficient data, thus far, to demonstrate a statistically significant improvement. Data collection will continue but this paper is published in the hope that other such research can be aggregated to such a point that statistical significance can be established. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
The Revised Nutrition Facts Label
Authors: Vasanti S. Malik, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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