tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Young Man With Progressive Vision and Hearing Loss
Authors: Nathan H. Kung, Robert C. Bucelli, Renee B. Van Stavern, Joel A. Goebel, Gregory P. Van Stavern
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

A 37-year-old man with a history of progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss presented to a neuro-ophthalmology clinic with an acute left homonymous hemianopsia. In this article, we discuss the clinical approach and differential diagnosis of progressive combined vision and hearing loss and guide the reader to discover the patient’s ultimate diagnosis.
Dementia
Authors: Janet M. Torpy, Cassio Lynm, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Patient Page is a public service of JAMA.The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis.For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA suggests that you consult your physician.This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients.To purchase bulk reprints, call 203/259-8724.
Explaining Racial Disparities in Child Asthma Readmission Using a Causal Inference Approach
Authors: Andrew F. Beck, Bin Huang, Katherine A. Auger, Patrick H. Ryan, Chen Chen, Robert S. Kahn
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Childhood asthma is characterized by disparities in the experience of morbidity, including the risk for readmission to the hospital after an initial hospitalization. African American children have been shown to have more than 2 times the hazard of readmission when compared with their white counterparts.To explain why African American children are at greater risk for asthma-related readmissions than white children.This study was completed as part of the Greater Cincinnati Asthma Risks Study, a population-based, prospective, observational cohort. From August 2010 to October 2011, it enrolled 695 children, aged 1 to 16 years, admitted for asthma or wheezing who identified as African American (n = 441) or white (n = 254) in an inpatient setting of an urban, tertiary care children's hospital.The main outcome was time to asthma-related readmission and race was the predictor. Biologic, environmental, disease management, access, and socioeconomic hardship variables were measured; their roles in understanding racial readmission disparities were conceptualized using a directed acyclic graphic. Inverse probability of treatment weighting balanced African American and white children with respect to key measured variables. Racial differences in readmission hazard were assessed using weighted Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier curves.The sample was 65% male (n = 450), and the median age was 5.4 years. African American children were 2.26 times more likely to be readmitted than white children (95% CI, 1.56-3.26). African American children significantly differed with respect to nearly every measured biologic, environmental, disease management, access, and socioeconomic hardship variable. Socioeconomic hardship variables explained 53% of the observed disparity (hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.05-2.05). The addition of biologic, environmental, disease management, and access variables resulted in 80% of the readmission disparity being explained. The difference between African American and white children with respect to readmission hazard no longer reached the level of significance (hazard ratio, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.87-1.60; Cox P = .30 and log-rank P = .39).A total of 80% of the observed readmission disparity between African American and white children could be explained after statistically balancing available biologic, environmental, disease management, access to care, and socioeconomic and hardship variables across racial groups. Such a comprehensive, well-framed approach to exposures that are associated with morbidity is critical as we attempt to better understand and lessen persistent child asthma disparities.
Real Professionalism
Authors: Frank A. Oski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Why can't doctors be treated like real professionals — professional athletes? Such a system could ensure public visibility, public accountability, and eventually even a better distribution of physicians. Actually, many components of a big-league system already exist, although they are disguised by different names.The concept of professional players in medicine could best be initially adapted to clinical departments in already established schools of medicine. Physicians would be signed to contracts with reserve clauses just like the real professionals. No more tenure but, instead, rewards for performance. Faculty members could be traded if the manager (the department chairman) or the general . . .
Resemblance of psychotic symptoms and syndromes in affected sibling pairs from the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families: evidence for possible etiologic heterogeneity
Authors: K S Kendler, L Karkowski-Shuman, F A O'Neill, R E Straub, C J MacLean, D Walsh
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors sought to determine whether the clinical manifestations of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders are correlated in affected sibling pairs.They examined, in 256 sibling pairs concordant for DSM-III-R schizophrenia and 457 sibling pairs concordant for all nonaffective psychoses ascertained in the Irish Study of High-Density Schizophrenia Families, similarity for 1) symptoms, course, and outcome; 2) symptom factors; and 3) syndromes, defined by latent class analysis.Global course and outcome, as well as all major symptoms except hallucinations, were modestly but significantly correlated in sibling pairs concordant for schizophrenia. Three symptom factors-negative symptoms, positive symptoms, and affective symptoms-were all significantly correlated in concordant sib pairs. Latent class analysis suggested five schizophrenic syndromes. Class membership was significantly correlated in concordant sibling pairs. Similar results were found for sibling pairs concordant for nonaffective psychoses.The clinical manifestations of the schizophrenic syndrome (both narrowly and broadly defined) are moderately influenced by familial factors. From a familial/genetic perspective, schizophrenia as currently defined may be etiologically heterogeneous.
Abstract P5-15-04: Zoledronic acid combined with adjuvant tamoxifen with or without ovarian function suppression in premenopausal early breast cancer patients
Authors: MM El-Ibrashi, WM El-Sadda, II Abdel-Halim, MS Elashri
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Bisphosphonates can delay the onset and reduce the risk of skeletal related events in patients with bone metastatic breast cancer; it can prevent and controlcancer treatment-induced bone loss. Zoledronic acid (ZOL) plus adjuvant endocrine therapy significantly improved disease free survival. The aim of the study is to evaluate the benefits of ZOL combined with adjuvant therapy in premenopausal early breast cancer patients. Patients and methods: Patients were premenopausal females who had undergone primary surgery for stage I, II ER +ve and/or PR +ve breast cancer with &amp;lt; 10 positive lymph nodes. All 300 patients were scheduled for standard tamoxifen 20mg/day for five years plus goserelin 3.6 mg every 28 days and were randomized to ZOL 4mg every 6 months for 3 years (group A) and without ZOL (group B). The primary end points were toxicity and disease-free survival (DFS), while overall survival (OS) was the secondary end point. Results: Between April 2005 and March 2012, 300 patients were enrolled, the median follow up duration was 98.4 months (range 14-120 months), adding ZOL to endocrine therapy strongly suggests improved DFS versus endocrine therapy alone (90% versus 85% for an absolute increase of 5%). There were fewer disease recurrences in the ZOL group versus no ZOL group (12% vs. 16%) with the greatest reductions in the loco-regional recurrence (3% vs. 5%), distant metastasis (6% vs. 7%) and bone metastasis (3% vs. 5%). Conclusion: ZOL with adjuvant endocrine therapy were generally well tolerated with no reports of renal failure or osteonecrosis of the jaw. So, a twice yearly ZOL enhanced the efficacy of adjuvant endocrine treatment, and this benefit is maintained for long time. Citation Format: El-Ibrashi MM, El-Sadda WM, Abdel-Halim II, Elashri MS. Zoledronic acid combined with adjuvant tamoxifen with or without ovarian function suppression in premenopausal early breast cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-15-04.
Separation of Cells From a Fibrosarcoma in Renografin Density Gradients2
Authors: David J. Grdina, Luka Milas, Kathryn A. Mason, H. Rodney Withers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Separation of Cells From a Fibrosarcoma in Renografin Density Gradients Get access David J. Grdina, David J. Grdina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Luka Milas, Luka Milas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kathryn A. Mason, Kathryn A. Mason Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Rodney Withers H. Rodney Withers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 253–257, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.1.253 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 13 August 1973 Accepted: 26 September 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
Termination of Resuscitation in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Mark Hauswald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: We do not believe that Morrison et al. (Aug. 3 issue)1 focused on the right question in the Termination of Resuscitation (TOR) trial. If saving lives is the issue, the question is: What can early, adequate advanced cardiac life support achieve? Basic life support — as provided in this study — will never result in “good” cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and transportation of the patient to the emergency department during basic life support is thus futile. With physician-staffed advanced cardiac life support systems, 40 to 50% of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have a return of spontaneous circulation, and 10 to 15% survive with good neurologic outcomes.2-4 In the study reported by Morrison and colleagues, the rates of return of spontaneous circulation and hospital discharge were substantially lower — by a factor of 10 and 5, respectively — than those associated with physician-staffed systems.1 Thus, implementation of the proposed rule may result in Russian roulette for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Would anyone ask about survival after motor vehicle accidents involving patients without safety belts in their cars? Why not just use cars with safety belts, even if doing so is more expensive? Let’s think differently and send the advanced cardiac life support know-how of the emergency department — that is, experienced physicians — to our patients undergoing out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Education and organization, not termination, make the difference.2-4
Psychotherapy research evidence and reimbursement decisions: Bambi meets Godzilla
Authors: M B Parloff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Research evidence on psychotherapy outcome is both extensive and positive. However, the evidence is not responsive to the question. What kinds of psychotherapy are most effective for what kinds of problems? It is demonstrably feasible to conduct scientifically meritorious studies of process and outcome; however, the prospect that rigorous research evidence will soon provide a credible list of "certified" psychotherapy techniques and procedures for the treatment of specific disorders is poor. The author presents recommendations for what the doctor can do for the policy maker "until the researcher comes."
Case 36-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Alexander R. Margulis, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 75-year-old man entered the hospital because of gastrointestinal bleeding.Seven days previously he passed a black stool, and two days later there was the onset of constipation, orthostatic weakness and dysphagia.He had undergone repeated genitourinary-tract surgical procedures because of benign prostatic hypertrophy, urethral stricture and right ureterovesical obstruction. He was known to have chronic mild azotemia. A biopsy of the kidney had disclosed acute and chronic pyelonephritis, with atherosclerotic emboli. Hypertension was known to have been present for five years and had been treated most recently with hydralazine. Four years before entry a . . .
A regional outbreak of S. Enteritidis phage type 5, traced back to the flocks of an egg producer, Austria
Authors: C Berghold, C. Kornschober, S. Weber
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

In the spring and summer of 2002, the Nationale Referenzzentrale für Salmonellen (National Reference Centre for Salmonella - NRCS) in Austria noticed a cluster of human Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Enteritidis phage type 5 (S. Enteritidis PT5) infections in two neighbouring districts of Austria. Another small outbreak of S. Enteritidis PT5 infections that occurred in the same region in 1999 had been traced back to the flocks of a local egg producer (approximately 6 000 hens). Attention was therefore again directed at this farm. The results of voluntary bacteriological examinations from the farm and further epidemiological investigations identified the same egg producer as the source of the second outbreak. The 70 human isolates of S. Enteritidis PT5 ascertained in 2002 represented a minority of all infections. It is realistic to estimate that several hundred infections occurred in the course of the 2002 outbreak. The farmer had not vaccinated new flocks against Salmonella since August 2001. It is likely that the change in vaccination policy resulted in the reappearance of the S. Enteritidis PT5 infections. By the end of September 2002 the farmer had stopped selling untreated table eggs. In October 2002 only one isolate of S. Enteritidis PT5 was ascertained in the region.
Diagnosis in oncology. Askin tumor.
Authors: J F Amatruda, K Tran, M Mantel, S Singer, G Demetri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.5.1997 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9586920 Diagnosis in oncology. Askin tumor. J F AmatrudaxJ F AmatrudaSearch for articles by this author , K TranxK TranSearch for articles by this author , M MantelxM MantelSearch for articles by this author , S SingerxS SingerSearch for articles by this author , G DemetrixG DemetriSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.5.1997 PDF "Diagnosis in oncology. Askin tumor.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(5), pp. 1997–1998© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
IARC Publishes Data on Worldwide Cancer Cases
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article IARC Publishes Data on Worldwide Cancer Cases Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 13, 7 July 1993, Pages 1028–1029, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.13.1028 Published: 07 July 1993
[123I]beta-CIT SPECT imaging of striatal dopamine transporter binding in Tourette's disorder
Authors: R T Malison, C J McDougle, C H van Dyck, L Scahill, R M Baldwin, J P Seibyl, L H Price, J F Leckman, R B Innis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors examined whether subjects with Tourette's disorder have greater than normal striatal dopamine transporter densities, as suggested by previous post-mortem findings.Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and [123I]2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane ([123I]beta-CIT) were used to assess dopamine transporter levels in five adult patients with Tourette's disorder and five age- and gender-matched healthy comparison subjects.Striatal [123I]beta-CIT binding was a mean of 37% (range = 6%-79%) higher in the subjects with Tourette's disorder than in the comparison subjects, and each Tourette's disorder patient had a higher level than his or her paired comparison subject.These findings corroborate post-mortem results and support the hypothesis of a dysregulation in presynaptic dopamine function in Tourette's disorder.
BRCA1, pathology, and survival.
Authors: H T Lynch, P Watson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.395 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9469320 BRCA1, pathology, and survival. H T LynchxH T LynchSearch for articles by this author , P WatsonxP WatsonSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.395 PDF "BRCA1, pathology, and survival.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(2), pp. 395–396© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
In vivo evidence for ribavirin-induced mutagenesis of the hepatitis E virus genome
Authors: Daniel Todt, Anett Gisa, Aleksandar Radonic, Andreas Nitsche, Patrick Behrendt, Pothakamuri Venkata Suneetha, Sven Pischke, Birgit Bremer, Richard J P Brown, Michael P Manns, Markus Cornberg, C Thomas Bock, Eike Steinmann, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can take chronic courses in immunocompromised patients potentially leading to liver cirrhosis and liver failure. Ribavirin (RBV) is currently the only treatment option for many patients, but treatment failure can occur which has been associated with the appearance of a distinct HEV polymerase mutant (G1634R). Here, we performed a detailed analysis of HEV viral intrahost evolution during chronic hepatitis E infections. <h3>Design</h3> Illumina deep sequencing was performed for the detection of intrahost variation in the HEV genome of chronically infected patients. Novel polymerase mutants were investigated in vitro using state-of-the-art HEV cell culture models. <h3>Results</h3> Together, these data revealed that (1) viral diversity differed markedly between patients but did not show major intraindividual short-term variations in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis E, (2) RBV therapy was associated with an increase in viral heterogeneity which was reversible when treatment was stopped, (3) the G1634R mutant was detectable as a minor population prior to therapy in patients who subsequently failed to achieve a sustained virological response to RBV therapy and (4) in addition to G1634R further dominant variants in the polymerase region emerged, impacting HEV replication efficiency in vitro. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In summary, this first investigation of intrahost HEV population evolution indicates that RBV causes HEV mutagenesis in treated patients and that an emergence of distinct mutants within the viral population occurs during RBV therapy. We also suggest that next-generation sequencing could be useful to guide personalised antiviral strategies.
Effects of region of birth, educational level and age on late presentation among men who have sex with men newly diagnosed with HIV in a network of STI/HIV counselling and testing clinics in Spain
Authors: A Diaz, J del Romero, C Rodriguez, I Alastrue, J Belda, F  J Bru, M M Cámara, M L Junquera, I Sanz, L J Viloria, L Gil, E Martínez, F Gual, M C Landa, I Pueyo, J  M Ureña, B Martínez, J A Varela, A Polo, M A Azpiri, M Diez, Collective for the EPI-VIH Study Group
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

This paper analyses late presentation (LP) of HIV infection, and its determinants, among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Spain, newly diagnosed with HIV (2003-2011) in 15 sexually transmitted infection/HIV counselling and testing clinics. LP was defined as <350 CD4 cells/µL or AIDS. In total, 3,081 MSM were included (2,499 having CD4/AIDS); overall LP was 25.3%. LP was higher in men older than 34 years, those not previously HIV-tested (adjusted odds ratio (aOR):3.1; 95% confidence intervals (CI):2.3-4.2) , and those tested > 12 months before diagnosis (12-24 months (aOR:1.4; 95% CI:1.0-2.0); > 24 months (aOR:2.2; 95% CI:1.7-3.0)). LP was less likely in MSM reporting a known HIV-infected partner as infection source or symptoms compatible with acute retroviral syndrome. 'Region of birth' interacted with 'educational level' and 'steady partner as infection source': only African and Latin-American MSM with low educational level were more likely to present late; Latin-American men attributing their infection to steady partner, but no other MSM, had LP more frequently. In Spain, HIV testing among MSM should be promoted, especially those > 34 years old and migrants with low educational level. The current recommendation that MSM be tested at least once a year is appropriate.
<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>
Authors: D M Phillips
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Figure 1. Although Enterococcus faecalis was once regarded as nonpathogenic, this opportunistic gram-positive coccus now ranks among the most troublesome hospital pathogens. It has intrinsic resistance to many antibiotics and a remarkable capacity for developing resistance to others (×17,160).
Different definitions of alcoholism, I: Impact of seven definitions on prevalence rates in a community survey
Authors: J H Boyd, M M Weissman, W D Thompson, J K Myers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors applied seven different sets of diagnostic criteria for alcoholism to data obtained by using the Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) in a community sample. They found that the different diagnostic schemes for alcoholism are hierarchical in the sense that some definitions identify smaller groups of subjects as alcoholic than do other definitions. This study illustrates a potentially useful empirical approach to comparing diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorders in epidemiologic or clinical studies.
Plasmacytic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder with hyperviscosity syndrome in a child after liver transplant
Authors: Christine H. Yang, Saurabh Gombar, Clare J. Twist, Dita Gratzinger, Carlos O. Esquivel, Audrey H. Lau
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Yang, Christine H.; Gombar, Saurabh; Twist, Clare J.; Gratzinger, Dita; Esquivel, Carlos O.; Lau, Audrey H. Author Information