tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary rehabilitation in lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a controlled clinical trial
Authors: Mariana S. Araujo, Bruno G. Baldi, Carolina S.G. Freitas, André L.P. Albuquerque, Cibele C.B. Marques da Silva, Ronaldo A. Kairalla, Celso R.F. Carvalho, Carlos R.R. Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a cystic lung disease frequently associated with reduced exercise capacity. The aim of this study was to assess safety and efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in LAM.This controlled clinical trial included 40 patients with LAM and a low physical activity level. The pulmonary rehabilitation programme comprised 24 aerobic and muscle strength training sessions and education. The primary outcome was exercise capacity (endurance time during a constant work rate exercise test). Secondary outcomes included health-related quality of life (St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)), 6-min walking distance (6MWD), dyspnoea, peak oxygen consumption (V'O2 ), daily physical activity (pedometer), symptoms of anxiety and depression, lung function and peripheral muscle strength (one-repetition maximum).The baseline characteristics were well balanced between the groups. The pulmonary rehabilitation group exhibited improvements in the following outcomes versus controls: endurance time (median (interquartile range) 169 (2-303) s versus -33 (-129-39) s; p=0.001), SGRQ (median (interquartile range) -8 (-16-2) versus 2 (-4-5); p=0.002) and 6MWD (median (interquartile range) 59 (13-81) m versus 20 (-12-30) m; p=0.002). Dyspnoea, peak V'O2 , daily physical activity and muscle strength also improved significantly. No serious adverse events were observed.Pulmonary rehabilitation is a safe intervention and improves exercise capacity, dyspnoea, daily physical activity, quality of life and muscle strength in LAM.
SIRPα-Antibody Fusion Proteins Selectively Bind and Eliminate Dual Antigen-Expressing Tumor Cells
Authors: Emily C. Piccione, Silvia Juarez, Serena Tseng, Jie Liu, Melissa Stafford, Cyndhavi Narayanan, Lijuan Wang, Kipp Weiskopf, Ravindra Majeti
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

CD47 is highly expressed on a variety of tumor cells. The interaction of CD47 with signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), a protein on phagocytic cells, transmits a "don't eat me" signal that negatively regulates phagocytosis. CD47-SIRPα antagonists enable phagocytosis by disrupting the inhibitory signal and can synergize with Fc-mediated pro-phagocytic signals for potent elimination of tumor cells. A potential limitation of therapeutic CD47-SIRPα antagonists is that expression of CD47 on normal cells may create sites of toxicity or an "antigen sink." To overcome these limitations and address selective tumor targeting, we developed SIRPabodies to improve the therapeutic benefits of CD47-SIRPα blockade specifically toward tumor.SIRPabodies were generated by grafting the wild-type SIRPα either to the N-terminus or to the C-terminus of the heavy chain of rituximab. Selective tumor binding was tested using CFSE-labeled human primary CLL cells in the presence of 20-fold excess of human RBCs. NSG mice were transplanted with Raji-luciferase cells and were assigned to controls versus SIRPabody treatment. Cynomolgus nonhuman primates were administered a single intravenous infusion of SIRPabody at 3, 10, or 30 mg/kg.SIRPabodies selectively bound to dual antigen-expressing tumor cells in the presence of a large antigen sink. SIRPabody reduced tumor burden and extended survival in mouse xenograft lymphoma models. SIRPabody caused no significant toxicity in nonhuman primates.These findings establish SIRPabodies as a promising approach to deliver the therapeutic benefit of CD47-SIRPα blockade specifically toward tumor cells. SIRPabodies may be applied to additional cancer types by grafting SIRPα onto other tumor-specific therapeutic antibodies. Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 5109-19. ©2016 AACR.
Integrative biomarker analyses indicate etiological variations in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Andrew X. Zhu, David Chen, Wei He, Masayuki Kanai, Maurizio Voi, Li-Tzong Chen, Bruno Daniele, Junji Furuse, Yoon-Koo Kang, Ronnie T.P. Poon, Arndt Vogel, Derek Y. Chiang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Other aspects of anaesthetic technique may have added to danger
Authors: P D M Ellis, B R Wilkey
Journal: BMJ (1995)

acts of sexual abuse, of which genital mutilation is a gross example.In addition, they state that "genital mutilation differs from other forms of child abuse in that it is done with the best intentions for the future welfare of the child."This represents another collusion with the abusive system: there is no benefit to the child.The only people to benefit are the oppressors who wield their power within that particular culture.The authors seem to dismiss the importance of resulting psychological trauma.In my research on post-traumatic stress disorder in women who had undergone obstetric or gynaecological procedures I found that women could be severely traumatised psychologically by painful, mutilating vaginal pro- cedures that were carried out without clear consent in an unsympathetic environment.3Obstetric and gynaecological procedures are an accepted form of medical practice in Britain that women are taught to expect, yet women may still develop posttraumatic stress disorder as a result of their "culturally accepted" experiences.Black and Debelle casually refer to "male cir- cumcision" as if it is benign.It is also medically unjustifiable genital mutilation, which is sanc- tioned by a culture purporting to be civilised.4It is time that genital mutilation was banned completely and that the medical profession faced up to its collusion in the harming of patients.
Injective touxi (HCPT) through percutaneous left subclavian artery port-catheter system implatation (PSPI) for treatment advanced primary Hepatocellular cancer
Authors: H. Zhang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4260 Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of injective touxi(HCPT) through percutaneous left subclavian artery port-catheter system implatation (PSPI) for treatment advanced primary Hepatocellular cancer. Methods: A total of 82 cases of advanced primary Hepatocellular cancer were divided into 2 groups: (1)group A: 40 patients were treated once a month with trascatheter arterial embolization (TAE). (2)group B: 42 patients were treated by injective touxi(HCPT) through percutaneous left subclavian artery port-catheter system implatation (PSPI). Result: The response rate (CR+PR) was 47.5% and 71.4% in group A and group B (P<0.05), respectively. Conclusion: Injective touxi(HCPT) through percutaneous left subclavian artery port-catheter system implatation (PSPI) is a effecient therapy for advanced primary Hepatocellular cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Detection System for Circulating Tumor Cells (Ctcs) Using Gfp Expressing Telomerase-Specific Replication-Competent Adenovirus in Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma
Authors: T. Kunisada, J. Hasei, K. Takeda, Y. Urata, T. Fujiwara, T. Ozaki
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Ph-like Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Older Adults
Authors: Tobias Herold, Claudia D Baldus, Nicola Gökbuget
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

To the Editor: In their article on Philadelphia chromosome–like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph-like ALL) in children, adolescents, and young adults, Roberts and colleagues (Sept. 11 issue)1 note that the frequency of Ph-like ALL in older adults is currently unknown. We analyzed Affymetrix gene-expression profiles of 204 B-cell precursor ALL specimens obtained from 92 adolescents and young adults (16 to 39 years of age), 45 adults (40 to 55 years of age), and 67 older adults (56 to 84 years of age) who received treatment in German Multicenter Study . . .
Impact of dietary nitrate on age‐related diastolic dysfunction
Authors: Christos Rammos, Ulrike B. Hendgen‐Cotta, Matthias Totzeck, Julia Pohl, Peter Lüdike, Ulrich Flögel, René Deenen, Karl Köhrer, Brent A. French, Axel Gödecke, Malte Kelm, Tienush Rassaf
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)
Electrophysiologic Substrate and Risk of Mortality in Incident Hemodialysis
Authors: Larisa G. Tereshchenko, Esther D. Kim, Andrew Oehler, Lucy A. Meoni, Elyar Ghafoori, Tejal Rami, Maggie Maly, Muammar Kabir, Lauren Hawkins, Gordon F. Tomaselli, Joao A. Lima, Bernard G. Jaar, Stephen M. Sozio, Michelle Estrella, W.H. Linda Kao, Rulan S. Parekh
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2016)

The single leading cause of mortality on hemodialysis is sudden cardiac death. Whether measures of electrophysiologic substrate independently associate with mortality is unknown. We examined measures of electrophysiologic substrate in a prospective cohort of 571 patients on incident hemodialysis enrolled in the Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in End Stage Renal Disease Study. A total of 358 participants completed both baseline 5-minute and 12-lead electrocardiogram recordings on a nondialysis day. Measures of electrophysiologic substrate included ventricular late potentials by the signal-averaged electrocardiogram and spatial mean QRS-T angle measured on the averaged beat recorded within a median of 106 days (interquartile range, 78–151 days) from dialysis initiation. The cohort was 59% men, and 73% were black, with a mean±SD age of 55±13 years. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a mean±SD ejection fraction of 65.5%±12.0% and a mean±SD left ventricular mass index of 66.6±22.3 g/m 2.7 . During 864.6 person-years of follow-up, 77 patients died; 35 died from cardiovascular causes, of which 15 were sudden cardiac deaths. By Cox regression analysis, QRS-T angle ≥75° significantly associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio, 2.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.31 to 6.82) and sudden cardiac death (hazard ratio, 4.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.17 to 17.40) after multivariable adjustment for demographic, cardiovascular, and dialysis factors. Abnormal signal–averaged electrocardiogram measures did not associate with mortality. In conclusion, spatial QRS-T angle but not abnormal signal–averaged electrocardiogram significantly associates with cardiovascular mortality and sudden cardiac death independent of traditional risk factors in patients starting hemodialysis.
TCTAP C-177 Two Case Reports of Huge Mycotic Aneurysm Successfully Treated by Multilayer Stent Graft
Authors: Jong Hyun Choi, Han Cheol Lee, Jin Sup Park, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Hyok Oh, Kwang Soo Cha, Taek Jong Hong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
SAT0239 Entheses Evaluation by Power Doppler Ultrasonography in Patients with Recent Inflammatory Back Pain, Results From the Desir Cohort: Table 1.
Authors: C. Poulain, M.A. D'Agostino, S. Thibault, J.P. Daures, S. Ferkal, P. Le Corvoisier, A. Rahmouni, D. Loeuille, P. Claudepierre
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Early diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) remains a challenge and the potential role of power Doppler (PD) ultrasonography (PDUS) of entheses is still under evaluation. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess: i) the accuracy of PDUS enthesitis at 3 entheseal sites for the diagnosis of axSpA (ASAS criteria) in patients with recent inflammatory back pain (IBP); ii) the prevalence of PDUS enthesitis in each arm of the ASAS criteria; and iii) the prevalence of PDUS enthesitis according to the presence of pain at the same site. <h3>Methods</h3> We used patients from the DESIR cohort, with IBP (&gt;3 months and &lt;3 years) suggestive of axSpA according to rheumatologist9s opinion<sup>1</sup>. At baseline, 14/25 centers performed a PDUS examination according to a standardized protocol<sup>1</sup>, 3 sites were tested bilaterally: Achilles tendon (site A), patellar ligament (site B), common extensor tendon of the elbow (site C). PDUS enthesitis was defined as any vascularised enthesitis by PD within 2 mm from bony cortex. Sample size for the best cut-off for sensitivity (Se) and (Spe) of PDUS for diagnosis of axSpA (ASAS+) was calculated as follow: i) Se&gt;0.8 with a relative error (RE) of 5% and an absolute error (AE) of 5%, requiring 246 patients ASAS+ (274 with 10% of non-interpretable data); ii) Spe&gt;0.7 with an AE of 10% and RE of 5%, requiring 81 patients ASAS- (90 with 10% of non-interpretable data). Thus 364 patients were necessary with a ratio ASAS+/ASAS- of 3/1, for covering both hypotheses. <h3>Results</h3> 402 out of 708 included patients were examined by PDUS. After Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, there was no significant difference between patients having received or not the PDUS examination.58 (14%) patients had at least 1 PDUS enthesitis (PDUS+), of which 15 (26%) at site A, 36 (62%) at site B and 20 (34%) at site C. Se of PDUS for the diagnosis of axSpA was 14%, Sp 83%, positive predictive value 69%, and negative predictive value 27%. After Bonferroni correction the lone significant difference between PDUS+ and PDUS- patients was a more frequent history of clinical enthesitis (74.1% vs 47.7%, p&lt;0.001). Table 1 shows the prevalence of PDUS+ patients according to ASAS criteria. Among the 18 patients PDUS+ASAS-, 11/17 (65%) fulfilled Amor9s criteria, 16 (89%) ESSG criteria, and 11/17 (65%) both sets of criteria. No statistical relationship was observed between current pain at one site and presence of PDUS enthesitis at the same site. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results raise the potential value of PDUS enthesitis in patients with IBP suggestive of axSpA, but who do not fulfill the ASAS classification criteria for AxSpA. <h3>References</h3> Dougados M., JBS 2011:78:598-603 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Comparison of concomitant gemcitabine chemotherapy and local hyperthermia, gemcitabine monochemotherapy, and local hyperthermia monotherapy for inoperable progressive pancreatic cancer
Authors: M. Yasuda, M. Kondo, S. Kokura, Y. Naito, Y. Norimasa, T. Yoshikawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15672 Background: Since few effective methods are available to treat inoperable advanced pancreatic cancer, chemotherapy with gemcitabine is often employed. Local hyperthermia is safe and can be repeated, has few adverse reactions and no dose limit, and enhances the activity of various anticancer drugs by increasing local blood flow. We considered it possible to further improve the results of treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine in combination with local hyperthermia, and conducted a study with 3 groups: local hyperthermia monotherapy, concomitant gemcitabine chemotherapy & local hyperthermia, and gemcitabine monotherapy, and examined efficacy rate, survival period, adverse reactions, etc. Methods: Thirty-nine patients with unresectable advanced pancreatic cancer who received hyperthermia from 2002 to the present (23 and 16 received hyperthermia monotherapy [HT] and hyperthermia with gemcitabine [GEM+HT], respectively) and 40 patients who received gemcitabine monotherapy (GEM group) were studied. Using a Thermotron-RF8 radiowave local hyperthermia device (Yamamoto Vinita Corp., Osaka), hyperthermia focused on the tumor was performed 50 minutes. Since local blood flow increase by heating is reported to increase focal concentrations of anticancer drugs, GEM at 1000 mg/m2 in principle was administered immediately before hyperthermia, when GEM concentration peaked. Treatment was conduced in each group in the outpatient ward and continued as long as possible: HT once a week in the HT and GEM+HT group, GEM 3 times in 4 weeks or every other week in the GEM and GEM+HT group. Results: The mean survival period and 1-year survival rate were 4.1 months and 29% in the HT group, 7.6 months and 25% in the GEM group, and 12.2 months and 48% in the GEM+HT group, with significantly longer duration and higher rate in the GEM+HT group than the HT and GEM groups. No serious adverse reaction occurred in each group. Conclusion: GEM+HT treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer can be safely performed in the outpatient ward, prolong survival, and improve 1-year survival rate compared with HT monotherapy and GEM chemotherapy, and thus merits further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure and Major Depressive Disorder in a Community-Based Urban Cohort
Authors: Kyoung-Nam Kim, Youn-Hee Lim, Hyun Joo Bae, Myounghee Kim, Kweon Jung, Yun-Chul Hong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Previous studies have associated short-term air pollution exposure with depression. Although an animal study showed an association between long-term exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and depression, epidemiological studies assessing the long-term association are scarce.We aimed to determine the association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and major depressive disorder (MDD).A total of 27,270 participants 15-79 years of age who maintained an address within the same districts in Seoul, Republic of Korea, throughout the entire study period (between 2002 and 2010) and without a previous MDD diagnosis were analyzed. We used three district-specific exposure indices as measures of long-term PM2.5 exposure. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding factors and measured at district and individual levels were constructed. We further conducted stratified analyses according to underlying chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The risk of MDD during the follow-up period (2008-2010) increased with an increase of 10 μg/m3 in PM2.5 in 2007 [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.78], PM2.5 between 2007 and 2010 (HR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.49), and 12-month moving average of PM2.5 until an event or censor (HR = 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.90). The association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and MDD was greater in participants with underlying chronic diseases than in participants without these diseases.Long-term PM2.5 exposure increased the risk of MDD among the general population. Individuals with underlying chronic diseases are more vulnerable to long-term PM2.5 exposure.Kim KN, Lim YH, Bae HJ, Kim M, Jung K, Hong YC. 2016. Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and major depressive disorder in a community-based urban cohort. Environ Health Perspect 124:1547-1553; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP192.
The healthy human microbiome
Authors: Jason Lloyd-Price, Galeb Abu-Ali, Curtis Huttenhower
Journal: Genome Medicine (2016)

Humans are virtually identical in their genetic makeup, yet the small differences in our DNA give rise to tremendous phenotypic diversity across the human population. By contrast, the metagenome of the human microbiome—the total DNA content of microbes inhabiting our bodies—is quite a bit more variable, with only a third of its constituent genes found in a majority of healthy individuals. Understanding this variability in the “healthy microbiome” has thus been a major challenge in microbiome research, dating back at least to the 1960s, continuing through the Human Microbiome Project and beyond. Cataloguing the necessary and sufficient sets of microbiome features that support health, and the normal ranges of these features in healthy populations, is an essential first step to identifying and correcting microbial configurations that are implicated in disease. Toward this goal, several population-scale studies have documented the ranges and diversity of both taxonomic compositions and functional potentials normally observed in the microbiomes of healthy populations, along with possible driving factors such as geography, diet, and lifestyle. Here, we review several definitions of a ‘healthy microbiome’ that have emerged, the current understanding of the ranges of healthy microbial diversity, and gaps such as the characterization of molecular function and the development of ecological therapies to be addressed in the future.
Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Causes Vascular Insulin Resistance by Inducing Pulmonary Oxidative Stress
Authors: Petra Haberzettl, Timothy E. O’Toole, Aruni Bhatnagar, Daniel J. Conklin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Epidemiological evidence suggests that exposure to ambient air fine particulate matter (PM2.5) increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects of PM2.5 remain unclear.We tested the hypothesis that PM2.5 exposure decreases vascular insulin sensitivity by inducing pulmonary oxidative stress.Mice fed control (10-13% kcal fat) and high-fat (60% kcal fat, HFD) diets, treated with 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL) or mice overexpressing lung-specific extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD) were exposed to HEPA-filtered air or to concentrated PM2.5 (CAP) for 9 or 30 days, and changes in systemic and organ-specific insulin sensitivity and inflammation were measured.In control diet-fed mice, exposure to CAP for 30 days decreased insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation in lung, heart, and aorta but not in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and liver and did not affect adiposity or systemic glucose tolerance. In HFD-fed mice, 30-day CAP exposure suppressed insulin-stimulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in skeletal muscle and increased adipose tissue inflammation and systemic glucose intolerance. In control diet-fed mice, a 9-day CAP exposure was sufficient to suppress insulin-stimulated Akt and eNOS phosphorylation and to decrease IκBα (inhibitor of the transcription factor NF-κB levels in the aorta. Treatment with the antioxidant TEMPOL or lung-specific overexpression of ecSOD prevented CAP-induced vascular insulin resistance and inflammation.Short-term exposure to PM2.5 induces vascular insulin resistance and inflammation triggered by a mechanism involving pulmonary oxidative stress. Suppression of vascular insulin signaling by PM2.5 may accelerate the progression to systemic insulin resistance, particularly in the context of diet-induced obesity. Citation: Haberzettl P, O'Toole TE, Bhatnagar A, Conklin DJ. 2016. Exposure to fine particulate air pollution causes vascular insulin resistance by inducing pulmonary oxidative stress. Environ Health Perspect 124:1830-1839; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP212.
Induction of Transplantable Melanoma by Treatment With &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Methyl-&lt;italic&gt;N′&lt;/italic&gt;-nitro-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosoguanidine in an Inbred Strain of the Teleost &lt;italic&gt;Oryzias latipes&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y Hyodo-Taguchi, H Matsudaira
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Adult fish of two different inbred strains (HO4C and HB32C) of Oryzias latipes that were established in this laboratory were exposed for 2 hours to an aqueous solution of the carcinogen N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7; 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine] at concentrations from 20 to 100 ppm. The acute toxicity and carcinogenicity of MNNG differed between two inbred strains. Almost no tumors were observed in strain HO4C fish, although these fish were sensitive to the acute toxicity of MNNG, with the median lethal dose being 28 ppm at 48 hours after the treatment. In contrast, in the HB32C strain, a dose-related tumorigenic response was observed, with the median lethal dose being 38 ppm at 48 hours after treatment. Most MNNG-induced tumors were considered amelanotic melanomas on the basis of histologic findings and a positive dopa reaction in selected samples. By the technique of transplantation of tumor tissue into the eye chamber and intraperitoneal cavity of fish of the syngeneic strain, serial transplantation of the tumor was successful. Tumor transplantation into one of the allogeneic strains (HO5) was also successful. The tumors have now been serially grown in the eye chambers in syngeneic fish for more than 14 generations.