tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A vision for improved cancer screening in Nigeria
Authors: Foluso Ishola, Oluwatosin Omole
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

As the global burden of disease shifts from infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases (NCDs), cancer has increasingly become a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Major reasons for these shifts include increasing life expectancy and changing diets and lifestyles. An estimated 14·1 million new cases and 8·2 million cancer deaths occurred worldwide in 2012, with more than 65% of cancer deaths occurring in LMICs.1 In Nigeria, cervical cancer and breast cancer are two of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women, accounting for more than 40% of all women's cancer and about two-thirds of cancer deaths.
The mucin-degradation strategy of<i>Ruminococcus gnavus</i>: The importance of intramolecular<i>trans</i>-sialidases
Authors: Emmanuelle H. Crost, Louise E. Tailford, Marie Monestier, David Swarbreck, Bernard Henrissat, Lisa C. Crossman, Nathalie Juge
Journal: Gut Microbes (2016)

We previously identified and characterized an intramolecular trans-sialidase (IT-sialidase) in the gut symbiont Ruminococcus gnavus ATCC 29149, which is associated to the ability of the strain to grow on mucins. In this work we have obtained and analyzed the draft genome sequence of another R. gnavus mucin-degrader, ATCC 35913, isolated from a healthy individual. Transcriptomics analyses of both ATCC 29149 and ATCC 35913 strains confirmed that the strategy utilized by R. gnavus for mucin-degradation is focused on the utilization of terminal mucin glycans. R. gnavus ATCC 35913 also encodes a predicted IT-sialidase and harbors a Nan cluster dedicated to sialic acid utilization. We showed that the Nan cluster was upregulated when the strains were grown in presence of mucin. In addition we demonstrated that both R. gnavus strains were able to grow on 2,7-anyhydro-Neu5Ac, the IT-sialidase transglycosylation product, as a sole carbon source. Taken together these data further support the hypothesis that IT-sialidase expressing gut microbes, provide commensal bacteria such as R. gnavus with a nutritional competitive advantage, by accessing and transforming a source of nutrient to their own benefit.
Diffuse large-cell lymphoma: more CHOP-Bleo is not better.
Authors: C A Coltman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.10.1439 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2428946 Diffuse large-cell lymphoma: more CHOP-Bleo is not better. C A Coltman JrxC A Coltman JrSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.10.1439 PDF "Diffuse large-cell lymphoma: more CHOP-Bleo is not better.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 4(10), pp. 1439–1440© 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: José Vitale, Francesca Carbone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

To the Editor: In the Clinical Practice article on systolic heart failure, McMurray (Jan. 21 issue)1 proposes that in patients with persistent symptoms, angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) should be added to the optimal dose of an angiotensinconverting–enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and a betablocker. Two meta-analyses2,3 of patients with left ventricular dysfunction showed that this combination was associated with marked increases in adverse events (including symptomatic hypotension with or without syncope, worsening renal function, and severe or life-threatening hyperkalemia), leading to higher rates of discontinuation of combination therapy, as compared with ACE-inhibitor therapy alone. Despite a decrease in the rate of hospitalization and a reduction in symptoms of heart failure, the combined ACEinhibitor–ARB therapy has no positive effects on overall mortality, and the unacceptable adverse events associated with it limit the application of this strategy.
Law, science, and psychiatric malpractice: a response to Klerman's indictment of psychoanalytic psychiatry
Authors: A A Stone
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The Osheroff litigation, which is central to Klerman's paper, ended in an out-of-court settlement. The author states that there is no legal precedent for the so-called right to effective treatment and that the case history was a much more complicated clinical scenario than Klerman reports. He concludes that there is neither in the law nor in the clinical facts a sound or certain basis for Klerman's conclusions or for the sweeping policy reforms and standardized clinical procedures he urges. Although they are directed against traditional psychoanalytic psychiatrists, Klerman's proposals could have serious consequences for the innovation, diversity, and independent thought essential to scientific progress in psychiatry.
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoblastic Lymphoma of Natural Killer (NK) Lineage: Quest for Another NK-Lineage Neoplasm
Authors: Fumihiko Nakamura, Eiji Tatsumi, Seiji Kawano, Akemi Tani, Shunichi Kumagai, Masaru Nishikori, Tomoko Nagai
Journal: Blood (1997)
Effect of Iodine on Thyroid Tumors Induced in the Rat by a Low-Iodine Diet&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: H. Isler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

Neoplastic thyroid nodules were induced in rats by feeding them a low-iodine diet for 1 year. Then the rats were supplemented with iodine for 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 days, respectively, and killed. Controls not receiving iodine were killed at the same intervals. The number and the volume of the thyroid nodules were estimated quantitatively. Iodine treatment produced a reappearance of thyroid hormone in the blood and brought the level of thyrotrophic hormone back to a normal range. It caused a regression in the size of the thyroid gland and a considerable increase in the number of “light cells.” Two main types of nodules were observed; namely, type-β, formed of polarized cells having some resemblance to the cells lining the lumen of the thyroid follicles and probably originating from these cells, and type-γ, a solid mass of unpolarized cells probably originating from the “light cells” of the thyroid. Except, perhaps, for the very small ones, most type-β nodules persisted throughout the 2-month iodine treatment period, but they decreased in size. Iodine strongly stimulated the formation of type-γ nodules; after 2 months there were twice as many nodules in the iodine-treated group as in the controls. The formation of the new nodules probably resulted from a progressive growth of the light cells accompanied by a progressive disappearance of follicular cells.
Abstract OT3-01-01: HERMIONE: A phase 2, randomized, open label trial comparing MM-302 plus trastuzumab with chemotherapy of physician's choice plus trastuzumab, in anthracycline naive HER2-positive, locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with pertuzumab and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1)
Authors: K Miller, J Cortes, SA Hurvitz, IE Krop, D Tripathy, S Verma, K Riahi, JG Reynolds, T Wickham, I Molnar, DA Yardley
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Although HER2-targeted therapies such as pertuzumab and T-DM1 have improved patient outcomes, treatment resistance typically occurs. MM-302 is a HER2-targeted liposomal doxorubicin in development by Merrimack Pharmaceuticals. In a Phase 1 study, patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) were treated with MM-302 alone and in combination with trastuzumab with or without cyclophosphamide. MM-302 had an acceptable safety profile and promising efficacy was observed in patients not previously exposed to an anthracycline. Trial design: HERMIONE (NCT02213744) is a randomized Phase 2, two-arm, open-label trial designed to evaluate if MM-302 can address an unmet medical need in patients with anthracycline naïve, trastuzumab-, pertuzumab- and T-DM1-pretreated HER2-positive locally advanced breast cancer (LABC)/MBC. Patients are randomized 1:1 to receive MM-302 (30mg/m2, Q3W) plus trastuzumab (6mg/kg, Q3W) or chemotherapy of physician's choice (vinorelbine, capecitabine, or gemcitabine) plus trastuzumab (6mg/kg, Q3W). Eligibility criteria: Centrally confirmed HER2-positive LABC/MBC, no prior anthracycline exposure, prior trastuzumab in any setting, prior pertuzumab and T-DM1 in the LABC/MBC setting, unlimited prior lines of therapy, ECOG 0-1 and LVEF ≥50%. CNS metastases are permitted if stable and without symptoms or steroids for 4 weeks. Specific aims: The primary endpoint is independently assessed progression free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include investigator assessed PFS, overall survival, response rate, safety and patient related outcomes. Statistics: 250 patients will be enrolled to observe 191 PFS events for 90% power to detect a Hazard Ratio of 0.625. The MM-302 arm will be compared to the control arm on the primary endpoint of PFS using a stratified log-rank test at one-sided 0.025 level. Accrual status: First patient in was December 2014 and enrollment is expected to be complete in late 2016. Sites are open in the US, Canada and Western Europe and are currently enrolling patients. Citation Format: Miller K, Cortes J, Hurvitz SA, Krop IE, Tripathy D, Verma S, Riahi K, Reynolds JG, Wickham T, Molnar I, Yardley DA. HERMIONE: A phase 2, randomized, open label trial comparing MM-302 plus trastuzumab with chemotherapy of physician's choice plus trastuzumab, in anthracycline naive HER2-positive, locally advanced/metastatic breast cancer patients previously treated with pertuzumab and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT3-01-01.
S-OtrH3N2 viruses: use of sequence data for description of the molecular characteristics of the viruses and their relatedness to previously circulating H3N2 human viruses
Authors: B Lina, M Bouscambert, V Enouf, D Rousset, M Valette, S van der Werf
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Emergence of influenza viruses from the animal reservoir is a permanent challenge. The rapid description and immediate sharing of information on these viruses is invaluable for influenza surveillance networks and for pandemic preparedness. With the help of data generated from the World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we provide here information on the swine–origin triple reassortant influenza A(H3N2) viruses detected in human cases in the north-east of the United States.
International normative 20 m shuttle run values from 1 142 026 children and youth representing 50 countries
Authors: Grant R Tomkinson, Justin J Lang, Mark S Tremblay, Michael Dale, Allana G LeBlanc, Kevin Belanger, Francisco B Ortega, Luc Léger
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

To develop sex-specific and age-specific international norms for the 20 m shuttle run test (20mSRT) in children and youth (aged 9-17 years), and to estimate the prevalence meeting the FITNESSGRAM criterion-referenced standards for healthy cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE).A systematic review was undertaken to identify papers explicitly reporting descriptive 20mSRT (with 1 min stages) data on children and youth since 1981. Data were included on apparently healthy (free from known disease/injury) 9-17 years old. Following standardisation to a common metric and for protocol differences, pseudo data were generated using Monte Carlo simulation, with population-weighted sex-specific and age-specific normative centiles generated using the Lambda Mu and Sigma (LMS) method. Sex-related and age-related differences were expressed as per cent and standardised differences in means. The prevalence with healthy CRE was estimated using the sex-specific and age-specific FITNESSGRAM criterion-referenced standards for [Formula: see text].Norms were displayed as tabulated centiles and as smoothed centile curves for the 20mSRT using 4 common metrics (speed at the last completed stage, completed stages/minutes, laps and relative [Formula: see text]). The final data set included 1 142 026 children and youth from 50 countries, extracted from 177 studies. Boys consistently outperformed girls at each age group (mean difference±95% CI: 0.86±0.28 km/h or 0.79±0.20 standardised units), with the magnitude of age-related increase larger for boys than for girls. A higher proportion of boys (mean±95% CI: 67±14%) had healthy CRE than girls (mean±95% CI: 54±17%), with the prevalence of healthy CRE decreasing systematically with age.This study provides the most comprehensive and up-to-date set of international sex-specific and age-specific 20mSRT norms for children and youth, which have utility for health and fitness screening, profiling, monitoring and surveillance.
The pharmacology of stuttering: a critical review
Authors: J P Brady
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The author critically examines the limited world literature on pharmacologic treatments of stuttering.The literature on stuttering and drugs was identified by means of two computer-assisted searches.A great variety of pharmacologic agents have been used to treat stuttering, reflecting the many theories about the origin and nature of the disorder. In some instances new hypotheses about the nature of stuttering have followed the chance discovery of agents having some efficacy.Few studies have used adequate experimental designs. Promising avenues of research, both for the treatment of stuttering and for exploring its nature, include the use of calcium channel blocking agents and cholinergic drugs.
Genome-wide surveillance of mismatched alleles for graft-versus-host disease in stem cell transplantation
Authors: Aiko Sato-Otsubo, Yasuhito Nannya, Koichi Kashiwase, Makoto Onizuka, Fumihiro Azuma, Yoshiki Akatsuka, Yasuko Ogino, Masahiro Satake, Masashi Sanada, Shigeru Chiba, Hiroh Saji, Hidetoshi Inoko, Giulia C. Kennedy, Ken Yamamoto, Satoko Morishima, Yasuo Morishima, Yoshihisa Kodera, Takehiko Sasazuki, Seishi Ogawa
Journal: Blood (2015)
Factors Influencing the Specificity of Action of an Antileukemic Agent (Aminopterin) : Host Age and Weight
Authors: A GOLDIN, J M VENDITTI, S R HUMPHREYS, D DENNIS, N MANTEL
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Factors Influencing the Specificity of Action of an Antileukemic Agent (Aminopterin) : Host Age and Weight Get access Abraham Goldin, Abraham Goldin Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, and Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John M. Venditti, John M. Venditti Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, and Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Stewart R. Humphreys, Stewart R. Humphreys Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, and Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Don Dennis, Don Dennis Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, and Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nathan Mantel Nathan Mantel Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, and Epidemiology and Biometry Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 3, December 1955, Pages 709–721, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.3.709 Published: 01 December 1955 Article history Received: 01 June 1955 Published: 01 December 1955
Circulating long non-coding RNAs in cancer: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Peng Qi, Xiao-yan Zhou, Xiang Du
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2016)

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) comprise a diverse class of RNA transcripts >200 nucleotides in length with limited protein-coding potential. In addition to their possible role in cancer biology, circulating lncRNAs have emerged as a new class of promising cancer biomarkers, with independent studies demonstrating the feasibility of their use as tools in the diagnosis and prognosis of different types of malignancies and for predicting and possibly monitoring treatment response. However, critical issues are represented by nonuniform sample choice, handling and processing, blood cell contamination during sample preparation and the lack of consensus regarding data normalization. In this review, we discuss the value of circulating lncRNAs in the clinical setting, particularly with respect to their possible implementation as diagnostic and prognostic markers in cancer. Although the great potential of circulating lncRNAs as cancer biomarkers would be an important development in disease management, both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may affect their measurement have not been fully characterized. Moreover, the clinical significance of circulating lncRNA may not be proven without a global consensus regarding procedures and standardized protocols for their detection.
Mutational and Cytogenetic Analyses Of 177 CLL Patients With Trisomy 12: A Retrospective Study Of The CLL French Intergroup
Authors: Damien Roos-Weil, Florence Nguyen-Khac, Sylvie Chevret, Clémence Roux, Cyrille Touzeau, Adrien Cosson, Florence Cymbalista, Pierre Feugier, Stéphane Leprêtre, Marie-Christine Bene, Sophie Raynaud, Laurent Sutton, Frederic Davi, Veronique Leblond
Journal: Blood (2013)
Molecular genetics and medicine. A call for papers
Authors: C. T. Caskey
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The year 1993 marks the 40th anniversary of the publication of the two short, seminal papers by Watson and Crick<sup>1,2</sup>on the double helix structure of DNA. During these 40 years a revolution in biology and genetics has occurred as the insights gained from this discovery have moved these fields to a new molecular level of understanding. During the past decade we have also witnessed the beginning of another revolution in medical knowledge and therapeutics as the insights and techniques of molecular biology, molecular genetics, and recombinant DNA technology have begun to effect changes in the practice of medicine. These advances in what is now being called molecular medicine are having an ever-increasing impact in many areas of medicine: (1) Molecular diagnostic techniques are moving diagnosis from the phenotypic to the genotypic level (eg, the sweat chloride test for cystic fibrosis vs the identification of a mutation in the
The influence of topography on the cognitive and psychopathological effects of tardive dyskinesia
Authors: K W Brown, T White
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the topography of dyskinetic movements on their effect on cognitive impairment and negative symptoms.Eighty-four inpatients who satisfied DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia were rated for tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, and drug-induced parkinsonism, as well as negative symptoms, with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and for cognitive state with the Mini-Mental State examination. The subjects were then divided into those without tardive dyskinesia (N = 45), those with orofacial dyskinesia (N = 19), and those with limb-truncal dyskinesia (N = 20). Differences among the groups were assessed with multiple analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), with age, akathisia, and drug-induced parkinsonism ratings as the covariates. Post hoc Spjotvoll and Stoline tests were then undertaken.MANCOVA revealed a significant difference among the groups. Post hoc tests showed that the group with limb-truncal dyskinesia had significantly lower scores on the Mini-Mental State Examination and higher scores on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. The group with orofacial dyskinesia was significantly different from the nondyskinetic group only on the total score for the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the attention subscale. There were no significant differences between the dyskinetic groups.After correction for the important confounding variables of age, akathisia, and drug-induced parkinsonism scores, those with limb-truncal and, to a lesser degree, orofacial dyskinesia differed significantly from nondyskinetic comparison subjects in ratings of cognitive impairment and negative symptoms.
Kidney-Failure Risk Projection for the Living Kidney-Donor Candidate.
Authors: Pierre Delanaye, Richard J Glassock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

To the Editor: Grams et al. (Feb. 4 issue) 1 quantified the associations between “13 distinct demographic and health characteristics” and end-stage renal disease among low-risk members of seven general population cohorts in order to estimate the long-term risk of end-stage renal disease among kidney-donor candidates. Two important factors were not considered: biologic and household relatedness to a person with end-stage renal disease. Most living kidney donors are genetically related to their recipients, and heredity is a known contributor to kidney disease. 2 Furthermore, many related donors and their recipients grow up following similar dietary, exercise, and other health-related practices, factors that also affect the incidence of end-stage renal disease. 3-5 Grams et al. acknowledge the importance of genetic and environmental influences when they note that these influences may have contributed to the variation in risk associated with race uncovered in their study. The failure to incorporate these two factors into their equations renders the authors’ estimates of the risk of end-stage renal disease suspect at best.
Herpesvirus saimiri: Experimental Infection of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)2
Authors: Lawrence A. Falk, Lauren G. Wolfe, Friedrich Deinhardt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Herpesvirus saimiri: Experimental Infection of Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) Get access Lawrence A. Falk, Lawrence A. Falk Departments of Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's and University of Illinois Medical Centers, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lauren G. Wolfe, Lauren G. Wolfe Departments of Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's and University of Illinois Medical Centers, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Friedrich Deinhardt Friedrich Deinhardt Departments of Microbiology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's and University of Illinois Medical Centers, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 1, July 1973, Pages 165–170, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.1.165 Published: 01 July 1973 Article history Received: 14 December 1972 Accepted: 27 February 1973 Published: 01 July 1973