tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is murine typhus re-emerging in Portugal ?
Authors: F Bacellar, I Lencastre, A R Filipe
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Murine typhus or endemic typhus is an infectious disease, clinically very similar to epidemic typhus, and caused by Rickettsia typhi(sometimes referred to as R. mooseri). Murine typhus was fairly common in Portugal until the 1940s, when several cases diag
Mesotheliomas of the Pleura
Authors: L K Bogush, I A Zharakhovich, N E Kubrik, S K Rasshivalov, K K Ermolaev
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FRI0479 MDCT Staging of Disease Extent in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
Authors: A.M. Ghandour, R. M Gamal, G.S. Seifeldein, M. M M Galal, E.M. El-Hakeim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the leading cause of systemic sclerosis (SSc) related morbidity and mortality,surpassing scleroderma renal crisis, which has become a rarity following the advent of angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors.High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is the gold standard for diagnosis of in systemic sclerosis (SSc) related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD). <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate multidetectorcomputed tomographic (CT) patterns of lung disease inpatients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) using semi-quantitative estimation of disease extent on CT in correlation to Pulmonary function tests (PFTs). <h3>Methods</h3> 40 female patients who met the American College of Rheumatology SSc criteria were recruited and consulted from the outpatient clinic of Rheumatology &amp; Rehabilitation Department. Their age ranged from 17-57.All eligible participants underwent clinical examination, PFTs and scanning using a 16-row multidetector CT scanner (GE Lightspeed 16, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA)at full inspiration, in supine position. The CT features were quantified visually using Semi-quantitative scoring of total, ground glass and reticular pattern extents by two observersin blinded manner. The disease extent was assessed at five representative levels, proposed by Desai et al: origin of great vessels (i), carina (ii), pulmonary venous confluence (iii), between levels (iii) and (v) and 1cm above the right hemidiaphragm. Forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) (% pred. values)and FEV1/FVCwere measured.Analyses were performed using SPSS software. Correlation was made using Pearson correlation and p value 0.05 was considered significant. <h3>Results</h3> The coarseness of fibrosis in patients with SSc (average coarseness score7.65 Range, 0.0 –15), The proportion of ground-glass opacification (average proportion, 27.75%; range, 0.0%–75%).Honey-comb pattern was seen in 21 (52.5%) of 40 patients. Extent of disease was. Restrictive deficit found in 30 patients (mild to moderate in 19/40 and severe in 11/40). Significant relation was found between the extentof disease and the percentage predicted FVC (r=0.373, p 0.018) and FEV1/FVC (r=0.593, p 0.000). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Scoring of systemic sclerosis (SSc) related interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) could be applicable as a routineevaluation of patients with SSc. Good correlation found between extent of HRCT (MDCR)findings and functional pulmonary impairment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Ribavirin aerosol treatment of influenza B virus infection
Authors: H. W. McClung
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In a randomized, controlled study, ribavirin small particle aerosol was found to be effective in the treatment of influenza B virus infection in a group of college students. Eleven treated patients experienced significantly more rapid defervescence, disappearance of systemic illness, and reduction of virus shedding in nasal secretions than 10 control patients treated with a saline aerosol. Antibody response to infection was similar in both groups. The treatment was well tolerated and hematologic and clinical chemical tests revealed no toxicity. The estimated dose of ribavirin aerosol retained was about 2 g in 35.5 hr of treatment during the first 60 hr in the hospital.
THU0528 Severe Erytrodermic Psoriasis and Arthritis as Clinical Presentation of a Card14-Mediated Pustular Psoriasis (CAMPS)
Authors: S. Signa, M. Rusmini, E. Campione, I. Gueli, A. Grossi, A. Omenetti, L. Bianchi, A. Martini, I. Ceccherini, M. Gattorno
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

A case study of a 38-year-old woman with a diagnosis of placental site trophoblastic tumor is presented. The patient had a 22-month history of amenorrhea since her last pregnancy, and a dilation and curettage procedure was performed after a 3.1×2.4×2.8 cm endometrial echogenic lesion was visualized on a pelvic ultrasound. When the diagnosis of placental site trophoblastic tumor was made by histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis, complementary examinations including including pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a chest computed tomography (CT) were done. There was no evidence of disease outside the uterus, and a laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy was performed. After a surveillance period of 12 months, no disease recurrence was identified. Best imaging studies, treatment options, and proper surveillance for these type of tumors are discussed alongside the case study.
Colon Polyps
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Colon PolypsT he colon, the lower part of the digestive system, processes waste products and prepares feces (stool) for elimination (a bowel movement).The inner surface of the colon can have abnormal growths, both benign and malignant (cancer).Benign growths are called polyps or adenomas.Polyps, if left undetected, can become cancerous, although not all polyps will.Colon polyps usually do not cause symptoms, so persons with polyps do not know they have them until found during a colonoscopy (see below) or other testing.If precancerous polyps are detected and removed, many cancers can be prevented.Doctors who specialize in treatment of digestive diseases, including colon polyps and colon cancer, are called gastroenterologists.Because colon cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developed nations, it is important to screen as many individuals as possible for the presence of colon polyps and colon cancer.The September 24, 2008, issue of JAMA includes an article about colon polyps and colon cancer screening.
Unusual Occurrence of Endometrial Sarcomas in Hybrid Mice2
Authors: Peter J. Dawson, Robert E. Brooks, A. Howard Fieldsteel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Unusual Occurrence of Endometrial Sarcomas in Hybrid Mice Get access Peter J. Dawson, M.D., Peter J. Dawson, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert E. Brooks, Ph. D., Robert E. Brooks, Ph. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Howard Fieldsteel, Ph. D. A. Howard Fieldsteel, Ph. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 207–214, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.1.207 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 18 July 1973 Accepted: 17 September 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
Molecular Targeting of Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans: A New Approach to a Surgical Disease
Authors: Grant A. McArthur
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a low-grade malignancy of the skin and subcutaneous tissues that only rarely forms distant metastases. More than 90% of cases are associated with a chromosomal translocation involving the COL1A1 gene on chromosome 17 and the platelet-derived growth factor B gene on chromosome 22. Management of this disease is primarily surgical with excellent rates of local control obtained using either wide local excision or Mohs micrographic surgery. Data have recently shown that inhibiting platelet-derived growth factor receptors (PDGFR) with imatinib can induce high rates of clinical response in patients with unresectable or metastatic DFSP. These data have led to approval of imatinib by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treating uresectable DFSP. Although wide surgical excision remains standard care, patients with locally advanced disease not suitable for surgical excision can be treated with the PDGFR-inhibitor imatinib, which sometimes allows residual DFSP to be surgically excised.
Headache
Authors: Verne S. Caviness, Patrick O'Brien
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Headache is familiar to virtually everyone. In a given year, at least 80 per cent of the population will suffer from headaches.1 , 2 About half of those afflicted will have headaches that are severe and disabling3; 10 to 20 per cent of the population will consult physicians with headache as their primary symptom.1 Headache may be a manifestation of various general medical diseases or diseases affecting the nervous system and other structures of the head. In most instances, however, headache may be viewed as "primary" in that it is not a symptom of such conditions. The primary headache disorders constitute . . .
Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) and Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs): Could an implemented CTC assay reveal higher risk patients?
Authors: E. Rossi, A. Tartarone, A. Facchinetti, A. Pezzuto, S. De Faveri, G. Mambella, L. Possidente, S. Mariotta, M. Aieta, R. Zamarchi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm resulting from a plastic stent after pseudocyst drainage
Authors: Surinder Rana, Puneet Chhabra, Chirag Ahuja, Deepak Gunjan, Deepak Bhasin
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 22-year old man with posttraumatic pancreatitis had a 6-cm pseudocyst in the head and body of the pancreas and pancreatic ascites. When he presented with abdominal pain, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided transmural drainage of the pancreatic pseudocyst was performed, and a 7-Fr, 5-cm double-pigtail plastic stent was placed in the cavity. During EUS, the gastroduodenal artery (GDA) was seen coursing through the cavity of the pancreatic pseudocyst ([Fig. 1]), but neither EUS nor contrast-enhanced computed tomography identified a pseudoaneurysm. Endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) revealed complete disruption of the pancreatic duct. After a marked improvement in the patient's symptoms, he was discharged.
First detection of Echinococcus multilocularis in Sweden, February to March 2011
Authors: E Osterman Lind, M Juremalm, D Christensson, S Widgren, G Hallgren, E O Ågren, H Uhlhorn, A Lindberg, M Cedersmyg, H Wahlström
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Surveillance for the fox tapeworm, Echinococcus multilocularis, has been carried out in Sweden since 2000, with about 300 red foxes analysed annually. We report the first finding of E. multilocularis in Sweden, in a fox shot in December 2010 in the south-west of the country. A second infected fox shot in the same location was detected in March 2011. This paper describes the national monitoring programme and the ongoing work to estimate the prevalence and spread of the infection.
Loxapine as an alternative to phenothiazines in a case of oculocutaneous skin pigmentation
Authors: D G Ewing, T R Einarson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors describe a patient with changes in oculocutaneous pigmentation that cleared after chlorpromazine was discontinued. They suggest that loxapine may be a suitable alternative to phenothiazines when skin pigmentation and ocular involvement occur, although the patient must be carefully monitored for ocular problems.
Cap-assisted colonoscopy and detection of Adenomatous Polyps (CAP) study: a randomized trial
Authors: Heiko Pohl, Steve Bensen, Arifa Toor, Stuart Gordon, L. Levy, Brian Berk, Peter Anderson, Joseph Anderson, Richard Rothstein, Todd MacKenzie, Douglas Robertson
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

<b>Background and study aim:</b> Cap-assisted colonoscopy has improved adenoma detection in some but not other studies. Most previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes and few participating endoscopists. The aim of the current study was to evaluate whether cap-assisted colonoscopy improves adenoma detection in a two-center, multi-endoscopist, randomized trial. <b>Patients and methods: </b>Consecutive patients who presented for an elective colonoscopy were randomized to cap-assisted colonoscopy (4-mm cap) or standard colonoscopy performed by one of 10 experienced endoscopists. Primary outcome measures were mean number of adenomas per patient and adenoma detection rate (ADR). Secondary outcomes included procedural measures and endoscopist variation; a logistic regression model was employed to examine predictors of increased detection with cap use. <b>Results: </b>A total of 1113 patients (64 % male, mean age 62 years) were randomized to cap-assisted (n = 561) or standard (n = 552) colonoscopy. The mean number of adenomas detected per patient in the cap-assisted and standard groups was similar (0.89 vs. 0.82; <i>P</i> = 0.432), as was the ADR (42 % vs. 40 %; <i>P</i> = 0.452). Cap-assisted colonoscopy achieved a faster cecal intubation time (4.9 vs. 5.8 minutes; <i>P</i> < 0.001), a similar cecal intubation rate (99 % vs. 98 %; <i>P</i> = 0.326), and a higher terminal ileum intubation rate (93 % vs. 89 %; <i>P</i> < 0.028). Cap-assisted colonoscopy resulted in a 20 % increase in ADR for some endoscopists and in a 15 % decrease for others. Individual preference for the cap was an independent predictor of increased adenoma detection in adjusted analysis (<i>P</i> < 0.001), whereas baseline low adenoma detection was not. <b>Conclusion: </b>Although the efficiency of cecal and terminal ileum intubation was slightly improved by cap-assisted colonoscopy, adenoma detection was not. Cap-assisted colonoscopy may be beneficial for selected endoscopists. Trial registration: clinicalTrials.gov (NCT01935180).
Treatment of Recurrent Herpes
Authors: E SIDI, M ROSEN
Journal: BMJ (1964)

SIR,-After reading recent favourable re- ports concerning buccal oxytocin"3 many obstetricians will have chosen this simpler way of inducing labour.The more conserva- tive among us have awaited news of its dangers.Your leading article (19 September, p. 705) sounded a warning note which might have been louder.The report of a case of ruptured uterus, accompanied by photographs which call to mind the bad old days of intra- muscular Pitocin (oxytocin) (12 September, p. 689) and the further report (3 October, p. 876) of two alarming cases of fierce uterine overactivity are surely good reasons for calling a halt.Pitocin (oxytocin) and its synthetic equiva-
WHO recommends eight week abstinence or safer sex after return from Zika areas
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

To prevent sexual transmission of the Zika virus, people who return from areas of active Zika transmission who have no symptoms of infection should still abstain from sex or use safer sex practices for at least eight weeks, the World Health Organization has said.1

“This goes for men and women,” said Christian Lindmeier, WHO spokesman, at a press briefing …
AB0860 Prevalence of Risk Factors for Gastrointestinakl Side Effects Of Drugs for the Treatment of Pain in Rheumatic Diseases and the Provisions of Gastroprotective Treatment – Results of a Large Non Intervention Study
Authors: M. Robles, G. Citera, O. Rillo, E. Smecuol, A. Millán, R. Mantilla
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Methods</h3> The RATIONAL study had an observational, multicenter, multinational, cross-sectional design to evaluate the prevalence of GI risk factors in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The single study visit was part of standard practice. Patients were aged &gt;21 years with a documented diagnosis of RA (ACR 1987 or ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria), OA (ACR 1986, 1990 and 1991 criteria) or AS (New York 1984 criteria or ESSG 2002 criteria) and had taken at least one dose of NSAIDs in the 15 days before enrolment. Information collected included NSAID treatment over the year preceding the study visit, GPA use, and occurrence of any of a defined range of GI events. <h3>Results</h3> The distribution of rheumatic disorders in the 5373 patients was OA 2996 (55.8%), RA 1882 (35.0%), AS 283 (5.3%), and a combination of these 212 (3.9%). Most patients had one (34.2%) or two (32.0%) defined GI risk factors. The prevalence of individual risk factors and treatment with GPAs is shown in the Table. GPA use in patients aged ≥60 years or concomitantly using anticoagulants was close to the study average (57.9%). A modest numerical increase from this mean value was observed in patients taking concomitant ASA (63.8%) or high doses of an NSAID (64.1%). A greater numerical increase in this percentage was seen for all of the other risk factors with values of 96.6% and 93.3% for those with histories of GI complications and GI ulcer, respectively. There was a strong preference for using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as the class of GPA and the most commonly used individual treatment was omeprazole (36.4% of total patients). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The association of NSAID with BIP protects the gastric damage. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A phase II trial investigating if bevacizumab in combination with hormone therapy will reverse acquired estrogen independence in metastatic breast cancer patients
Authors: C. Falkson, J. F. Rossman, L. Nabell, J. Carpenter, M. N. Saleh, J. O'Malley, A. Forero
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1074 Background: Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) remains the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the US. In hormone responsive disease, patients have demonstrated prolonged survival with few side effects, but eventually the cancer becomes resistant to hormone therapy, and cytotoxic chemotherapy with increased toxicity is required. Our Breast Cancer SPORE discovered that increased expression of VEGF caused acquired tamoxifen resistance and tumor loss of estrogen dependence in MCF-7 xenografts. VEGF over- expressing MCF-7 cells displayed increased tumor growth rates and estrogen independence in vivo, and reversal of VEGF over-expression in vivo returned tumors to estrogen dependent growth. Methods: We hypothesized that adding the anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, bevacizumab, to hormonal therapy would result in reversal of acquired hormone resistance. This multi-center, open-label, single arm phase II study was designed to evaluate safety and efficacy of this combination. Primary endpoint was time to progression (TTP), and the secondary endpoints were response rate and toxicity. Eligible patients had MBC and had progressed on hormonal therapy after previously responding for at least 6 months. Results: Planned interim analysis results are reported here. All 19 patients were female with median age of 63 years, and all had ER and/or PR positive MBC. Patients were continued on the same hormone therapy to which they had become refractory, and bevacizumab (15mg/kg IV every 3 weeks) was added. Treatment was stopped early in 3 patients due to a grade 3 leg ulcer, grade 3 hypertension, and grade 3 fatigue, respectively. Overall, the therapy was tolerated well, and no treatment-related deaths or thromboembolic events were seen. Stable disease was documented in 11 (58%) patients, and mean TTP in these patients was 5.8 months (range 1.5 - 12+). There were no complete or partial responses, and 8 (42%) had progression of disease. Conclusions: Our data suggest that it is safe to combine bevacizumab with hormone therapy in MBC, and this intervention may prolong the TTP without adding adverse side effects. Further investigation utilizing this combination in MBC is warranted. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech, Genentech Genentech
Capecitabine (X) monotherapy in patients (pts) with pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC): Is response correlated to cerbB-2 expression?
Authors: V. C. Sezgin, U. A. Sanli, B. Karabulut, R. Uslu, G. G. Muezzinoglu, N. Ozdemir, E. Goker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

760 Background: Most chemotherapy regimens have marginal activity in pts with heavily pretreated MBC, with the exception of X, which consistently results in overall response rates (ORR) of approximately 20% and overall survival of around 1 year. We studied the efficacy and safety of X in heavily pretreated pts with MBC, with a view to identifying potential predictors of progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: Pts received X 1000 mg/m2 twice daily for 14 days every 3 weeks. We analyzed ER/PR and cerbB-2 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: 56/58 pts had prior anthracyclines and taxanes either as adjuvant or MBC therapy, 3% had cardiac contraindication to anthracyclines, 72% had ≥3 prior regimens, 50% had >1 metastatic site, 45% were ER/PR positive, and 60% were cerbB-2 positive (includes +1, +2, +3). Grade 3/4 adverse events were seen in 17 pts (29%): HFS (7%), fatigue (5%), loss of appetite (3%), dyspepsia (3%), nausea (2%), conjunctivitis (2%), infection (2%), elevated bilirubin (3%), elevated ALT (2%). The ORR was 17% with a median duration of 9.4 months. Median PFS was 5 months (95% CI 3.53–6.47 months). Neither the number of metastatic sites nor hormone receptor status was correlated to PFS, although there was a difference between cerbB-2 negative and cerbB-2 positive pts (p<0.05). When only cerbB-2 ≥2+ pts were considered, the difference was non-significant. In the 31 pts who were cerbB-2 ≥2+, the ORR was 10%, and 45% had SD; in the 22 pts with cerbB-2 0 or 1+, the ORR and SD rates were 32% and 55%, respectively. PFS in cerbB-2 ≥2+ vs. 0 or 1+ was 3.7 months vs. 7.4 months (p=0.012). Conclusions: These results compare favorably with the large available database on X, confirming that X has substantial antitumor activity and favorable safety in this setting. Enhanced antitumor activity was observed in patients with cerbB-2 negative MBC compared to positive. As cerbB-2 expression is a known negative prognostic factor in MBC, the combination of X and trastuzumab would likely improve outcomes in cerbB-2 ≥2+ pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.