tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Influence of clinical subtype, sex, and lineality on age at onset of major affective disorder in a family sample
Authors: F J McMahon, O C Stine, G A Chase, D A Meyers, S G Simpson, J R DePaulo
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors analyzed data from a family sample ascertained for a genetic linkage study of bipolar disorder to address the following questions: Do the major clinical subtypes of familial affective disorder have distinct distributions of age at onset? What factors other than clinical subtype affect these distributions? After controlling for these factors, do the differences in age at onset persist among the subtypes?Eighty-two families were ascertained through a treated proband with bipolar disorder who had a family history of two or more affected siblings or one affected sibling and one affected parent. After participating in an interview conducted by a psychiatrist using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia--Lifetime Version, 274 probands and their first-degree relatives were diagnosed as having bipolar I, bipolar II, or recurrent unipolar disorder according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. Age at first major affective episode and other clinical data were collected.Onset age distributions were similar for bipolar I and bipolar II disorder but significantly different for recurrent unipolar disorder. This finding persisted after adjustment for a significantly earlier onset among females. Subjects with affective disorder in both parental lines (bilineal) also experienced a significantly earlier onset. Substance abuse, physical illness, and sex of the affected parent had no significant impact on onset age.Although differences in age at onset may reflect several factors, these results provide indirect support for the view that bipolar I and bipolar II disorders are genetically related phenotypes and suggest that bilineal families may be more complex than previously assumed.
PWE-440 Trainee endoscopic procedures by deanery and grade in the united kingdom: september 2013 – august 2014. have we improved?
Authors: S Bhatt, T Ambrose, P Dunckley, A Ellis
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In 2012 we demonstrated that UK Gastroenterology trainees were not meeting nationally agreed targets for endoscopic numbers, with variation both within and between deaneries.<sup>1</sup>These results were presented at a meeting of the Specialist Advisory Committee (SAC) in early 2013 and a discussion held about improving training. We repeated the analysis in 2014 looking for evidence of change. <h3>Method</h3> Anonymised retrospective data for a 12 month period from September 2013 – August 2014 was collected from the Joint Advisory Group Endoscopic Training System (JETS) database. Only diagnostic procedures performed by gastroenterology trainees were included. Procedure numbers for diagnostic oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD), flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy as well as numbers of dedicated training lists were analysed according to deanery and training grade. Mean, median, standard deviation and ranges were calculated. Endoscopic units (OGD/flexi =1; colon =2) were also calculated. Results were compared to the previous dataset. <h3>Results</h3> 126,448 procedures performed by 577 gastroenterology trainees in the 19 UK deaneries were identified. 72 (12%) of trainees were ST3, 110 (19%) ST4, 116 (20%) ST5, 120 (21%) ST6, 142 (25%) ST7 and 17 (3%) LAT. Median annual endoscopic units were lowest at ST3 and LAT grade. There was evidence of an increase at ST3, ST4, ST7 and LAT since 2012. There was marked variation in median annual procedures across the deaneries, as in 2012. Only 17% of trainees met nationally recommended numbers of diagnostic endoscopic procedures per annum set by the SAC. Adherence to targets for OGD were particularly poor in the ST4–ST7 cohort with 7–9% compliance. In the same cohort adherence to colonoscopy targets was between 28–39%. The median number of dedicated training lists per annum varied widely between deaneries with a range of 3–30 and a standard deviation of 7 (median = 18; mean = 17). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This analysis corroborates our previous finding of a low adherence to recommended endoscopy numbers amongst gastroenterology trainees when compared to national standards. This data confirms widely held concerns amongst trainees and trainers. The data will be presented to training programme directors for discussion at a forthcoming SAC meeting. While competence is already assured through JAG assessments, improvements are still needed to ensure that those completing training are also confident endoscopists. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Ambrose T, Dunckley P, Ellis AJ. Trainee endoscopic procedures by deanery and year of training in the United Kingdom: August 2011-July 2012. Are we doing enough? Gut 2013;<b>62</b>:A47–A48
Prostate Antigen(s)
Authors: Richard J. Ablin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Prostate Antigen(s) Get access Richard J. Ablin Richard J. Ablin Division of Immunology Cook County Hospital and the Hektown Institute for Medical ResearchChicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 67, Issue 5, November 1981, Page 992, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/67.5.992 Published: 01 November 1981
A Clostridium perfringens outbreak traced to temperature-abused beef stew, Norway, 2012
Authors: E Wahl, S Rømma, P E Granum
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

On 21 January 2012, the Norwegian Food Safety Authority was informed about gastrointestinal illness among 111 swimming club members, who were staying at a hotel in Trondheim. A hotel dinner on 20 January was their only common meal. Kitchen staff were interviewed, and food leftovers and kitchen environment were sampled. A case was defined as a swimming team member staying at the hotel from 20 to 22 January, who fell ill with diarrhoea, abdominal pain or nausea during this period. A total of 43 cases were identified, with median duration of symptoms of 35 hours. cpe-positive Clostridium perfringens (3.8 x 10 8 CFU), but not Bacillus cereus, was isolated from beef stew eaten by cases. cpe-negative C. perfringens was detected in a sample from the kitchen floor. SDS-PAGE showed indistinguishable protein profiles among C. perfringens cultures isolated from the beef stew, but slightly different profiles from the culture isolated from the kitchen floor. Cohort analysis showed that eating beef stew and rice was significantly associated with illness. No pathogens were detected in the rice. The temperature control of the stew, but not of the rice, was poor. Our results strongly indicate that cases were infected by Clostridium perfringens in beef stew that had inadequate temperature control during preparation.
Oral Contraceptives and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: R M Bannerman, D Gillick, R Van Coevering, N L Knobloch, G B Ingall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

In a previous article, an increased risk for myocardial infarction has been described for women over the age of 40 who smoke cigarettes and also take oral contraceptives. The mortality rate from coronary heart disease for women under age 40 has been unchanged since 1935. It is very minimal. That among women 40-49 years old has declined slightly since 1940. These findings suggest that oral contraceptives have had little impact upon coronary-heart-disease mortality.
The Relation of the Lethal Yellow (A<sup>v</sup>) Gene to Pulmonary Tumor Formation and Obesity in an Inbred Strain of Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>2</sup></xref>
Authors: Walter C. Morgan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1950)

Journal Article The Relation of the Lethal Yellow (Av) Gene to Pulmonary Tumor Formation and Obesity in an Inbred Strain of Mice Get access Walter C. Morgan Walter C. Morgan Zoology Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Conn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 11, Issue 2, October 1950, Pages 263–268, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/11.2.263 Published: 01 October 1950 Article history Received: 26 April 1950 Published: 01 October 1950
Comorbidity of other psychiatric disturbances in depressed, psychiatrically hospitalized children
Authors: N E Alessi, J Magen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Twenty-five (16%) of 160 psychiatrically hospitalized children were given diagnoses of depressive disorders. None of 12 diagnostic categories from DSM-III axes I and II occurred significantly more frequently among these depressed children than among the non-depressed children in this sample.
FRI0296 WHI-131, JAK3 Inhibitor, Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis and Promotes Osteoblastogenesis
Authors: Y.-H. Cheon, J.-Y. Kim, J.-M. Oh, W.-S. Lee, W.-H. Yoo, M.-S. Lee, C.-H. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> WHI-131/JANEX-1 (4-(49Hydroxyphenyl)-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline), quinazoline-type small molecule compound is well known a JAK3 inhibitor that demonstrated as potent therapeutic agent about anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-leukemia in several animal models. However, has not been fully investigated for regulatory effects on osteoblast and osteoclast activity by WHI-131. <h3>Objectives</h3> Therefore, in this study, we examined the effects of WHI-131 in bone remodeling during osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation. <h3>Results</h3> WHI-131 decreased RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation on the bone marrow derived macrophages cultures and reduced the resorbing activity of mature osteoclasts. WHI-131 suppressed the protein and mRNA expression of c-Fos and nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) and down-regulated mRNA expression levels of TRAP, osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR), dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP), osteoclast stimulatory transmembrane protein (OC-STAMP), d2 isoform of vacuolar H<sup>+</sup> ATPase V(0) domain (ATP6v0d2), and Cathepsin K. WHI-131 diminished the phosphorylation of Akt and degradation of I-kB. In addition, WHI-131 suppressed Ca<sup>2+</sup> oscillation by inhibiting phosphorylation of the c-Src-Btk-PLCg2 pathway. WHI-131 expression appeared to increase based on alkaline phosphate and alizarin red staining in relation to increased activity of the differentiation of primary osteoblast cells. WHI-131 increased the mRNA expression of genes related to osteoblast differentiation, including runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), ALP, collagen type 1a (Col1a), osteocalcin (OCN), and OPN and induced the phosphorylation of Akt, p38, and Smad 1/5/8. Interestingly, WHI-131 had a notable anti-resorbing effects in the LPS-induced calvaria bone loss model <i>in vivo</i>. WHI-131 plays a dual role by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and promoting osteoblast differentiation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Thus, WHI-131 may be a useful pharmacological agent that acts as a safe and effective dual-action therapeutic against osteoporosis, promoting robust bone growth while inhibiting resorption. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Cardiography in General Practice: Electrocardiography, Vectorcardiography and Ballistocardiography.
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gender differences in schizophrenia
Authors: M Płocka, J Rybakowski
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The authors conclude that most male schizophrenic patients display poorer premorbid functioning during the early stages of the illness. They more often display structural micro-abnormalities of the brain, organic deficits, are more chronic and have poor prognosis. Female patients are more often burdened with genetic factors, more often express productive and affective symptomatology, are more sensitive to neuroleptics and the course of their illness is more satisfactory.
Exploring the clinical potential of an automatic colonic polyp detection method based on the creation of energy maps
Authors: Glòria Fernández-Esparrach, Jorge Bernal, Maria López-Cerón, Henry Córdova, Cristina Sánchez-Montes, Cristina Rodríguez de Miguel, Francisco Sánchez
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Polyp miss-rate is a drawback of colonoscopy that increases significantly for small polyps. We explored the efficacy of an automatic computer-vision method for polyp detection.Our method relies on a model that defines polyp boundaries as valleys of image intensity. Valley information is integrated into energy maps that represent the likelihood of the presence of a polyp.In 24 videos containing polyps from routine colonoscopies, all polyps were detected in at least one frame. The mean of the maximum values on the energy map was higher for frames with polyps than without (P < 0.001). Performance improved in high quality frames (AUC = 0.79 [95 %CI 0.70 - 0.87] vs. 0.75 [95 %CI 0.66 - 0.83]). With 3.75 set as the maximum threshold value, sensitivity and specificity for the detection of polyps were 70.4 % (95 %CI 60.3 % - 80.8 %) and 72.4 % (95 %CI 61.6 % - 84.6 %), respectively.Energy maps performed well for colonic polyp detection, indicating their potential applicability in clinical practice.
Endoscopic Palliation of Esophageal Malignancy
Authors: R A Kozarek
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Historically, the development and marketing of the neodymium-yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser was associated with the insertion of markedly fewer conventional prostheses for the palliation of malignant dysphagia. Subsequently, the introduction of self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) has, in turn, led to a diminished role not only for laser therapy but also for other ablative modalities, including bipolar cautery, argon plasma coagulation (APC), and the injection of caustics. Two ablative modalities deserve ongoing consideration, but not because they have been proven to be better or more cost-effective than SEMS. These include photodynamic therapy (PDT), because of its potential to ablate large areas of low-grade malignancy, and injection of chemotherapeutic agents or T-lymphocytes sensitized to an individual malignancy. The latter, while theoretically promising, will require considerably more study before widespread clinical application.
Reduction of Synthesis of Diphosphopyridine Nucleotide in Tissues from Mice Bearing Transplantable Tumors
Authors: V. S. Waravdekar, O. H. Powers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Reduction of Synthesis of Diphosphopyridine Nucleotide in Tissues from Mice Bearing Transplantable Tumors V. S. Waravdekar, V. S. Waravdekar Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar O. H. Powers O. H. Powers Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 1, January 1957, Pages 145–152, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.1.145 Published: 01 January 1957 Article history Received: 10 September 1956 Published: 01 January 1957
Expressed emotion: from predictive index to clinical construct
Authors: H W Koenigsberg, R Handley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Expressed emotion, a measure of family attitudes toward psychiatric patients that is predictive of relapse, has attracted renewed attention recently as interest in the chronic psychiatric patient has widened. The authors review the development of the concept and the limits of its meaning. In seeking the core clinical construct underlying the expressed emotion variable, the authors also review recent studies of the relationship of expressed emotion to family interaction patterns, physiological arousal states, precipitants of relapse, and parental personality style. While family intervention studies are necessary to demonstrate that expressed emotion influences outcome in psychiatric patients, methodological limitations in currently available studies leave this issue unresolved.
Use texts, apps, and Skype to keep young people with diabetes engaged with services, says guidance
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

NHS services for young adults with diabetes should provide virtual clinics, or clinics in education settings such as colleges, to make it easier for them to attend regular check-ups and provide information by email and text, recommends a new service specification that aims to improve continuity of care as children move to adult diabetes services in England.

The specification1 sets out best practices for NHS services for young people with type 1 or 2 diabetes who are progressing from paediatric to …
A patient-centered, symptom-focused qualified clinical data registry (QCDR) as a framework to guide quality improvement.
Authors: Deborah L. Struth, Gail Mallory, Michele Galioto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

253 Background: Clinically meaningful quality measures have been identified as a catalyst for healthcare improvement and better patient outcomes. Amidst rapidly changing quality reporting and re-imbursement schema, eligible providers struggle to choose a portfolio of measures across multiple registries that will demonstrate the value of their practice to consumers and payers. It is critical that a roadmap to quality improvement be evident to registry users. Utilizing the Model for Improvement developed by the Associates in Process Improvement and adapted to health care by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, a framework to guide performance improvement was developed and incorporated into an oncology specific QCDR for PQRS reporting. Methods: Fourteen patient-centered quality measures with a focus on cancer related symptom assessment and intervention were piloted and tested in 40 practices and incorporated into the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS)/CE City QCDR. Six measures focus on the active treatment phase of cancer care and eight on breast cancer survivorship. The registry platform was designed with capabilities for tracking of data over time, goal setting, benchmarking, and providing suggested performance improvement (PI) activities. A technical expert panel (TEP) was convened to develop a model to guide PI activities to address QCDR identified practice gaps. Results: A quality improvement framework was developed to help QCDR subscribers answer the question “How Do I Improve” and was incorporated into the ONS/CE City QCDR platform. This framework provides the subscriber with the education and training necessary to improve care through use of quality improvement tools and implementation strategies aimed at practice change. Conclusions: It is essential that measures be incorporated into an infrastructure that provides opportunities for the assessment and improvement of care quality provided by practices. The QCDR can act as a means to drive performance improvement along with supporting quality measurement for PQRS and Meaningful Use reporting. The “How Do I Improve” Framework developed as part of the ONS/CE City QCDR platform provides a model to accomplish this goal.
AB0202 Galectin-9 is a Robust Biomarker for Disease Activity in Juvenile Dermatomyositis and Acts as a T Cell Activator
Authors: F. Bellutti Enders, J. Wienke, W. de Jager, L. Wedderburn, K. Nistala, C. Pilkington, B. Prakken, A. van Royen-Kerkhof, F. van Wijk
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare, but severe chronic systemic autoimmune disease in children, characterized by muscle weakness and a typical skin rash. Clinical evaluation of disease activity remains challenging. Recently, we identified a protein that highly correlates with disease activity in a Dutch JDM cohort: galectin-9 (gal-9). The immunobiological role of gal-9 in autoimmune diseases is still controversial. On the one hand it is known for its immunosuppressive effects by inducing apoptosis in T-helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cells and activating regulatory T cells, on the other hand it has been implicated in T cell activation and Th1 skewing. <h3>Objectives</h3> To validate the potential of gal-9 as a biomarker in JDM and investigate its immunobiological effects on T cell skewing and activation. <h3>Methods</h3> Gal-9 was measured in patient9s serum of an independent JDM cohort by multiplex immunoassay. For functional experiments, naive CD4 T cells were isolated and stimulated with different concentrations of gal-9, plus anti-CD3 and antigen presenting cells. To test specificity, a gal-9 blocking agent (TIM-3 fusion protein) as well as a control from the galectin family (galectin-8) were included. Flow cytometric analysis of proliferation and T cell activation markers was performed on day 3 and 5 of culture. Cytokines TNFα, IFNγ, IL-13, IL-17 and IL-10 were measured in the culture supernatants of days 3, 5 and 7 by multiplex immunoassay. <h3>Results</h3> Measurement of gal-9 in serum confirmed its high discriminative value for active disease versus remission (<i>P</i>=.0001; AUC 0.894; OR 9.17) even under medication, as well as a strong correlation with the clinical disease activity scores CMAS and Physician9s Global VAS. On a functional level, the presence of gal-9 induced a slight but significant increase in naive CD4 T cell proliferation after 3 days of culture. The T cell activation markers CD25, CD69 and TIM-3 showed the same pattern. Gal-9 also increased production of IFNγ, TNFα and IL-10, mainly at day 7. These effects were not seen in the control conditions. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We confirmed the potential use of a very robust biomarker, galectin-9, that highly correlates with disease activity in juvenile dermatomyositis. Introduction of this biomarker into clinical practice will help to personalize treatment. Functionally, we found that gal-9 is a T cell activator, causing increased proliferation, cytokine production and expression of T cell activation markers. The high levels of circulating gal-9 in JDM patients may therefore contribute to the immunopathogenesis of JDM. <h3>References</h3> Bellutti Enders et al. Correlation of CXCL10, TNFRII, and Galectin-9 With Disease Activity in Juvenile Dermatomyositis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 Aug;66(8):2281-9. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared