tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Inheritable Anomaly of Red-Cell Oxalate Transport in Primary Calcium Nephrolithiasis Correctable with Diuretics
Authors: Bruno Baggio, Giovanni Gambaro, Francesco Marchini, Elisa Cicerello, Romano Tenconi, Maurizio Clementi, Arturo Borsatti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

We measured the rate of oxalate flux across the red-cell membrane in the steady state in 114 patients with a history of calcium oxalate kidney stones and in 25 controls. Of the patients, 98 had recurrent, "idiopathic" kidney stones, 8 had primary hyperparathyroidism, 7 had renal or urinary tract malformations, and 1 had primary hyperoxaluria. Oxalate exchange was significantly higher in the 98 patients with idiopathic stone formation than in the controls (-1.10 +/- 0.95 [SD] X 10(-2) min-1 vs. -0.31 +/- 0.12 X 10(-2); P less than 0.001); it was above the upper limits of normal in 78 of these patients. All 8 patients with hyperparathyroidism and the patient with primary hyperoxaluria had values in the normal range; 2 of the patients with renal or urinary tract malformation had values at the upper normal limit. A study of five families indicated that the abnormality is an autosomal monogenic dominant trait with complete penetrance and variable expressivity. Oxalate-tolerance tests were carried out in five pairs of brothers. One brother in each pair had the abnormality in oxalate flux, and had a significantly higher percentage of oxalate excretion at two hours after oxalate loading (18.09 +/- 3.07 [SD] vs. 10.37 +/- 3.08 percent; t = 3.97; P less than 0.005) and four hours (14.87 +/- 2.91 vs. 9.89 +/- 2.93 percent; t = 2.70; P less than 0.05). Treatment with oral hydrochlorothiazide (50 mg per day) or amiloride (5 mg per day) or both restored normal or nearly normal red-cell oxalate exchange in all of 33 patients who initially had increased rates. We conclude that an inherited cellular defect in oxalate transport may be a factor in "primary" calcium oxalate stone formation and that this defect may be corrected with diuretics.
Comparison the Efficacy of Second Line Eox and Folfiri Regimens in Metastatic Gastric Cancer
Authors: M.A. Sendur, N. Ozdemir, T. Ozatli, O. Yazici, A.S. Ekinci, D. Yazılıtas, S. Aksoy, O.B. Oksuzoglu, N. Zengin
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Relationship among antigenic markers, disease progression, and survival in colorectal cancer (CCR) patients.
Authors: A. Zwenger, M. V. Croce, A. Segal-Eiras, M. Rabassa, J. Iturbe, C. T.allejo, B. A. Leone, G. Grosman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14060 Background: In CCR, antigenic expression in primary tumors and also in metastatic lymphatic nodes (N+) may be useful for early detection of disease progression. The purpose of the present research was to establish the possible relationship among antigenic expression in tumor and N+ in order to disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in CCR patients. Methods: A total of 90 CCR patients were studied: 90 primary CCR tumor samples and 64 lymphatic nodes; 22 samples from adenomas and normal colorectal mucosa specimens were employed as controls. Antigens studied were: MUC2, MUC1, MUC5AC, CEA, beta-catenin; carbohydrate antigens such as Lewis x (Lex), sialyl Lewis x (sLex), Lewis y (Ley), sialyl Lewis a (sLea) and Tn hapten. Immunohistochemistry was performed following standard procedures with antigenic retrieval. Positive response was evaluated by means of frequency analysis (p < 0.05). A reactivity index (RI) was calculated as intensity (I) x percentage of positive area (A); RI values varied from 0-12; low (0-6) and high (7-12). Intensity, percentage of positive area, immunohistochemical pattern and RI were analyzed employing Chi-Square test and ANOVA (p < 0.05), after data standardization. Results: Primary malignant samples expressed MUC2 in 52% of cases; MUC1, 94%; MUC5AC, 14%; CEA, 93%; beta-catenin, 98 %; Lex, 74%; sLe x, 66%, Ley; 91%; sLea, 90% and Tn, 41%. N+ expressed MUC2, 30%; MUC1, 89%; MUC5AC, 19%; CEA, 80%; beta-catenin, 83%; Lex, 69%; sLex, 72%; Ley, 75%; sLea, 86% while Tn, 44%. In general, CCR showed a higher RI than control samples. Patients with a low Lex RI in primary tumor presented a longer DFS and OS than patients with a high Lex RI (44 vs. 26 months and 4.1 vs. 2.5 years, respectively). In N+ patients, Lex and sLex were also studied in lymphatic node; a low sLex RI was correlated with a longer DFS and OS than patients with a high sLex RI (44 vs. 14 months and 3.7 vs. 1.5 years, respectively), (p 0.07). In N+ with a low Lex RI presented a longer DFS than patients with a high Lex RI (24 vs. 18 months). Conclusions: This study showed that, in CCR patients, carbohydrate antigenic expression may indicate a difference in DFS and OS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Autonomous Secondary (Renal) Parathyroid Hyperplasia
Authors: J. J. McPhaul, D. A. McIntosh, W. S. Hammond, O. K. Park
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

SECONDARY parathyroid hyperplasia resulting from long standing renal insufficiency is a well described entity whose characteristics have been described by Castleman and Mallory1 and others.2 , 3 Moreover, clinical hyperparathyroidism due to such hyperplasia has been the subject of several reviews4 5 6 and case reports7 8 9 10 11 emphasizing the variety of complications that may ensue.However, despite suggestions that such secondarily stimulated hyperparathyroidism may become autonomous12 13 14 convincing data regarding such a possibility are not available, owing to the great excess of complexing anions in the blood that are an invariable consequence of significant uremia.The case reported below, therefore, is of considerable importance because it . . .
Comparison of Surgery with Definitive Chemoradiotherapy for Potentially Resectable Esophageal Cancer: a Propensity-Score Analysis
Authors: M. Nomura, T. Abe, T. Kodaira, I. Oze, A. Komori, Y. Narita, T. Masuishi, H. Taniguchi, S. Kadowaki, D. Takahari, T. Ura, M. Andoh, R. Kawai, N. Uemura, N. Tomita, H. Tachibana, T. Tanaka, M. Tajika, Y. Niwa, K. Muro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Brill's Disease
Authors: Nathan Blumberg, Joseph C. Doane, Laurence B. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

BRILL'S disease should be considered as a cause of fever of undetermined origin in a general hospital that draws patients from the foreign-born population.Typhus fever, a scourge of all times and all nations, was first differentiated from measles in Italy by Jerome Cardan in 1536. Bravo, in 1570, and Fracastorius, in 1584, further described the disease, though the cause was not surmised. In 1608 Cober described the "Hungarian disease," which was prevalent in that army, and noted the presence of lice infestation among soldiers but did not relate them etiologically to what apparently was epidemic typhus. Five hundred and . . .
Detection and Analysis of a Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Phenotype B Cell Line Contamination2
Authors: Albert Leibovitz, William C. Wright, Sen Pathak, Michael J. Siciliano, Walter P. Daniels, Helle Fogh, Jørgen Fogh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Detection and Analysis of a Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Phenotype B Cell Line Contamination Get access Albert Leibovitz, Albert Leibovitz 3Division of Clinical Pathology, Scott and White Clinic, Temple, Tex. 76501. 4Present address: 5757 North Camino Del Sol, Tucson, Ariz. 85718. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William C. Wright, William C. Wright 5Human Tumor Cell Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, N.Y. 10580. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sen Pathak, Sen Pathak 6Department of Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, University of Texas System Cancer Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michael J. Siciliano, Michael J. Siciliano 6Department of Biology, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, University of Texas System Cancer Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter P. Daniels, Walter P. Daniels 5Human Tumor Cell Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, N.Y. 10580. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Helle Fogh, Helle Fogh 5Human Tumor Cell Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, N.Y. 10580. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jørgen Fogh Jørgen Fogh 5Human Tumor Cell Laboratory, Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Rye, N.Y. 10580. 7Address reprint requests to Department of Publications, Scott and White Memorial Hospital, 2401 South 31st St., Temple, Tex. 76501. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 3, September 1979, Pages 635–645, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.3.635 Published: 01 September 1979 Article history Received: 18 December 1978 Accepted: 24 March 1979 Published: 01 September 1979
<i>Symphony in Grey and Green: The Ocean</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transmission of Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection from Renal-Transplant Donors to Recipients
Authors: Nicolas Regamey, Michael Tamm, Marion Wernli, Anne Witschi, Gilbert Thiel, Gieri Cathomas, Peter Erb
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) has been detected in all forms of Kaposi's sarcoma, including transplantation-associated Kaposi's sarcoma. To investigate the possibility of transmission of HHV-8 through allografts, we measured the seroprevalence of HHV-8 before and after renal transplantation.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in a Child with Congenital X-Linked Hypogammaglobulinemia
Authors: John B. Robbins, Richard G. Skinner, Howard A. Pearson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

In a six-year-old boy with congenital sex-linked hypogammaglobulinemia, Coombs-test positive autoimmune hemolytic anemia developed despite profound deficiencies of immunoglobulins. Direct and indirect Coombs tests using anti IgG and IgM serums were positive. The eluted antibody was an IgG globulin with both kappa and lambda light-chain determinants. The antibody had specificity for the public Rh antigen designated LW. During two years of observation the patient responded well to corticosteroids, but relapsed when these were discontinued. Azathioprine therapy did not change the serologic findings. A maternal lymphocyte graft was considered unlikely to explain the combination of hypogammaglobulinemia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in view of the patient's age and normal karyotype. Synthesis of this antibody by a malignant cell line is unlikely in view of the two-year duration of illness without an overt tumor. Stimulation of antibody synthesis by a self-perpetuating antigen was considered a likely possibility.
Chemistry in the Kitchen
Authors: Donald M. Small, Cheryl Oliva, Anna Tercyak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The National Cholesterol Education Program recommends a diet containing less than 30 percent of calories in the form of fat, less than 10 percent in the form of saturated fat, and less than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. Since Americans' diets generally exceed these recommendations, we wished to find an easy kitchen method to reduce substantially saturated fat and cholesterol in ground meat.
Effects of Guanethidine on Tri-Iodothyronine-Induced Hyperthyroidism in Man
Authors: Thomas E. Gaffney, Eugene Braunwald, Richard L. Kahler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

ALTHOUGH observations in laboratory animals have suggested that there is an intimate relation between many of the manifestations of drug-induced hyperthyroidism and the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, the existence of such a relation has not been clearly established. In the presence of hyperthyroidism the hemodynamic responses to injected catechol amines are augmented.1 The studies of Brewster et al.2 have demonstrated that total epidural blockade reverses some of the hemodynamic and metabolic changes characteristic of hyperthyroidism induced in dogs by feeding of thyroid substance. In clinical practice reserpine has been used successfully in the treatment of some of the . . .
Lapatinib-Related Rash and Breast Cancer Outcome in the ALTTO Phase III Randomized Trial
Authors: Amir Sonnenblick, Evandro de Azambuja, Dominique Agbor-tarh, Ian Bradbury, Christine Campbell, Yingjie Huang, Amylou C. Dueck, Kathleen I. Pritchard, Antonio C. Wolff, Christian Jackisch, Istvan Lang, Michael Untch, Ian Smith, Frances Boyle, Binghe Xu, Henry Gomez, Edith A. Perez, Martine Piccart, Hatem A. Azim
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2016)

Background: Previously we have shown that early development of rash is associated with a higher chance of achieving pathological complete response to neoadjuvant lapatinib. In the current analysis, we investigate its impact on survival in the ALTTO phase III adjuvant trial. Methods: In ALTTO, patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive early breast cancer were randomly assigned to adjuvant trastuzumab, lapatinib, their sequence, or their combination for a total duration of one year. We evaluated whether the development of early lapatinib-related rash (ie, within 6 weeks) is associated with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Landmark analysis at eight weeks and time-dependent analysis were tested in a multivariable model stratifying on trial's stratification factors. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Out of 6098 lapatinib-treated patients, 3973(65.2%) were included in the landmark analysis, of whom 1389 (35.0%) had developed early rash. After median follow-up of 4.5 years, the development of early rash was associated with a trend of improved DFS (multivariable: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.73 to 1.03, P = .10) and statistically significantly improved OS (multivariable: HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.82, P < .001) compared with subjects without early rash. Compared with patients randomly assigned to trastuzumab (n = 2051), patients who were randomly assigned to trastuzumab/lapatinib combination and developed early rash (n = 692) had superior DFS (multivariable: HR = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.55 to 0.92, P = .01) and OS (multivariable: HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.90, P = .01). Time-dependent analysis suggests that the occurrence of rash is predictive of lapatinib benefit, both when given in combination or sequential to trastuzumab. Conclusions: Our results indicate that early development of rash identifies patients who derive superior benefit from lapatinib-based therapy.
Mobile Phones As Surveillance Tools: Implementing and Evaluating a Large-Scale Intersectoral Surveillance System for Rabies in Tanzania
Authors: Zacharia Mtema, Joel Changalucha, Sarah Cleaveland, Martin Elias, Heather M. Ferguson, Jo E. B. Halliday, Daniel T. Haydon, Gurdeep Jaswant, Rudovick Kazwala, Gerry F. Killeen, Tiziana Lembo, Kennedy Lushasi, Alpha D. Malishee, Rebecca Mancy, Matthew Maziku, Eberhard M. Mbunda, Geofrey J. M. Mchau, Roderick Murray-Smith, Kristyna Rysava, Khadija Said, Maganga Sambo, Elizabeth Shayo, Lwitiko Sikana, Sunny E Townsend, Honorathy Urassa, Katie Hampson
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Points• Surveillance is critical to manage preventative health services and control infectious diseases.Integrated surveillance involving public health, veterinary, and environmental sectors is urgently needed to effectively manage zoonoses and vector-borne diseases.However, most surveillance in low-income countries is paper-based, provides negligible timely feedback, is poorly incentivised, and results in delays, limited reporting, inaccurate data, and costly processing.• The potential of mobile technologies for improving health system surveillance has been demonstrated through small-scale pilots, but large-scale evaluations under programmatic implementation remain rare.
Primary Aldosteronism with Malignant Hypertension
Authors: Norman M. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE hypertension seen in all reported cases of primary aldosteronism caused by an adrenal adenoma has been of a benign and not rapidly progressive nature.1 On the other hand, an increased secretion of aldosterone regularly occurs with malignant hypertension,2 but is considered a secondary phenomenon associated with bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia.3 The occurrence of malignant hypertension in a patient found to have a solitary adrenocortical tumor at autopsy was reported by Flynn,4 but the clinical and laboratory features were not diagnostic of primary aldosteronism and no urinary or tumor measurements of aldosterone were performed. Three patients have been found to have . . .
S72 Paediatric pneumococcal empyema serotypes have not changed following introduction of the 13 valent pneumococcal vaccine
Authors: MF Thomas, C Sheppard, M Guiver, C Simmister, MA Elemraid, JE Clark, SP Rushton, JY Paton, DA Spencer
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Pneumococcal infection is the leading cause of paediatric empyema in the UK. Prior to the change in the UK routine vaccination schedule from the seven valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine (PCV-7) to the thirteen valent vaccine (PCV-13) in April 2010 four serotypes /serogroups–1, 3, 7A/F and 19A accounted for 75% of culture negative pneumococcal empyema in UK children. Antigen for these four serotypes is not present in PCV-7 but is present in PCV-13. We examined the impact of PCV-13 on the incidence of disease due to serotypes 1, 3, 7A/F and 19A using national surveillance data from the UK-ESPE study. <h3>Methods</h3> Pleural fluid samples were forwarded from admitting hospitals. Those that were pneumococcal PCR positive underwent non-culture serotyping using a multiplex antigen detection assay capable of detecting 14 serotypes/groups (1, 3, 4, 5, 6A/C, 6B, 7F/A, 8, 9V, 14, 18, 19A, 19F and 23F). Two time periods were analysed April 2008–April 2010 (PCV-7 era) and April 2010–April 2012 (PCV-13 era). Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated for individual serotypes. Age distributions were compared by density plotting. <h3>Results</h3> 380 samples (median age 3.8 years) were tested in the two time periods (191 PCV-7 era, 189 PCV-13 era). No reduction in the incidence of empyema caused by the four main serotypes/groups (IRR: Serotype 1–0.79 95% CI (0.57–1.11), 3–0.91 (0.60–1.37), 7A/F–1.59 (0.85–3.04), 19A–2.42 (1.61–5.40)) was seen and 19A increased significantly. The age distribution of each serotype did not change between the two time periods. <h3>Discussion</h3> The introduction of PCV-13 has not yet been associated with any reduction in the incidence of vaccine serotype pneumococcal empyema in children in the UK, in contrast to the changes following the introduction of PCV-7. The factors contributing to this remain unclear but may include a predominantly PCV-7 vaccinated cohort, insufficient herd immunity, inadequate immunological response to vaccine antigen or on-going secular trends. Continuing surveillance is essential and will provide important data on future trends to better understand these complex processes.
Genomic profiling as predictor of toxicity in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with platinum-based chemotherapy
Authors: D. J. Park, J. Yun, D. Y. Yang, S. Iqbal, O. Press, S. Groshen, M. Gordon, W. Zhang, H.-J. Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3627 Background: We had previously shown an association between functional polymorphisms in genes involved in drug metabolism and DNA-repair, and outcome to platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer. We are currently conducting a confirmatory prospective study. Here in, we report the association between relevant genomic polymorphisms and toxicity to platinum-based chemotherapy. Methods: As of December 2003, 168 patients with advanced refractory colorectal cancer have been enrolled. Patients received 5-FU 200 mg/m2/day as continuous infusion and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2, in three week cycles. The first 130 patients with sufficient follow-up time were included in the analysis. Polymorphisms in genes involved in drug metabolism, DNA-repair, sodium channel, angiogenesis, and drug targets (XPD, TS, ERCC1, GST, COX2, R19K sodium channel) were determined and their potential associations with gastrointestinal (GI) and neurological toxicities assessed. Results: Our cohort of 130 patients comprised 68 males and 62 females, with a median age of 60 (25–87). The median number of cycles received was 4. Sixty-two percent (72/123) of patients experienced G3+ overall toxicity, 42% (52/123) GI toxicity, and 9% (11/123) neurotoxicity. Female patients were at a higher risk for experiencing G3+ overall and GI toxicity (RR=2.07 and 2.41, log-rank p<0.001). COX2 promoter C-allele and GSTP1 Val105Val polymorphisms were associated with mucositis (G1+) (RR=1.73, p=0.049; RR=3.88, p<0.001). A trend for neurotoxicity (G2+) was seen for TS 5' GC (SNP) in patients homozygous for the C allele (RR=2.35, p=0.08). After stratification by gender, significant associations between XPD Gln751Gln and G3+ overall (RR=2.19; p=0.017) and GI toxicity (RR=2.65; p=0.019) were found. Conclusion: Genomic polymorphisms in XPD, GSTP1, TS, and COX2 promoter may predict toxicity to 5-FU/oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Further studies are needed to delineate clear mechanistic explanations for the reported association. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Roche
Procurement and Allocation of Solid Organs for Transplantation
Authors: Paul J. Hauptman, Kevin J. O'Connor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The success of solid-organ transplantation has increased the need for an expanded supply of organ donors.1,2 In response to this need, the age limit for cadaveric donors has been increased, and donors over the age of 50 years are now routinely evaluated. The use of organs from living related donors, living unrelated donors, and asystolic donors (those declared dead on the basis of cardiopulmonary criteria) has also increased. Transplanted organs have even been reused.35 Nevertheless, there has been a progressively widening gap between the number of patients waiting for transplants and the number of transplantations performed. The number . . .