tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4000: The increase of oncogenic miRNA expression in tongue carcinogenesis of a mouse model
Authors: YUYU KAO, Shu-Chun Lin, Kuo-Wei Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Oral carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world. To develop biomarkers for early detection may bestow substantial benefits in diagnosis and the prevention of tumor progression. An animal model simulating the human pathogenesis will also be useful for developing therapeutic strategies. miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs, which play important roles in neoplastic process. The detection of biomarkers in body fluid may enable non-invasive diagnostic approaches. This study used mouse chemical carcinogenesis model to investigate the disruption of miRNA expression in oral tongue tissues, and to explore the miRNA level in saliva and blood during pathogenesis. Mice were fed with 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide (4NQO) in drinking water for 12 weeks and were kept for extended periods for tumor induction. The histological examination showed the consecutive increase in the severity of epithelial pathogenesis from hyperkeratosis, hyperplasia to epithelial dysplasia and squamous tumors following the increase of 4NQO exposure. The increase of miR-21 and miR-31 staining, as well as p53, pAKT and Ki-67 immunoreactivity parallels the severity of epithelial pathogenesis in tongue tissues. A progressive increase of multiple oncogenic miRNAs in both saliva and blood samples was also noted. The increase of miR-21, miR-31 and miR-372 in the saliva and the increase of miR-146a and miR-184 in the blood sample were particularly eminent during the field cancerization process of tongue. In addition, the dysregulation of these oncogenic miRNAs and other molecular events in this model are similar to the disruption being identified in human counterparts. As these miRNAs are functionally oncogenic, their increase in the saliva and blood of mice may be valuable biomarkers to develop diagnosis and prevention strategies against oral carcinomas. Keywords: chemical, carcinoma, miRNA, mouse, mouth Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: YUYU KAO, Shu-Chun Lin, Kuo-Wei Chang. The increase of oncogenic miRNA expression in tongue carcinogenesis of a mouse model. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4000. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4000
EPOCH-F: A salvage regimen for multiple myeloma prior to reduced intensity allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: S. Jamshed, D. Fowler, S. Neelapu, R. M. Dean, S. M. Steinberg, K. Snow, J. Odom, R. E. Gress, M. Bishop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8592 Background: Variation in baseline host immune status contributes to inconsistent donor engraftment and may impede maximal graft-versus-myeloma effects after reduced intensity allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (RIHSCT) for advanced multiple myeloma (MM). As no specific salvage regimen has been designed for MM patients being considered for RIHSCT, we evaluated EPOCH-F a novel salvage regimen designed to provide disease control and immune depletion. Methods: EPOCH-F is an infusional chemotherapeutic regimen consisting of etoposide, vincristine and adriamycin, with prednisone, cyclophosphamide and fludarabine given in 21 day cycles prior to RIHSCT. Targeting a CD4+ T cell count, 22 pts were treated &lt;5 cycles of EPOCH-F. Pts proceeded to RIHSCT after adequate lymphodepletion or if there was disease progression during EPOCH-F, regardless of CD4 count. Results: Median age was 53 years (range 36–65); median time from initial therapy to transplant was 12 months (range 2–168). Median number of prior therapies was 2 (range 1–8), 63% had chemotherapy sensitive disease and 68% had received a novel agent. Pts received a median of 3 cycles (range 1–5), with manageable toxicities, mostly hematologic. Grade IV Neutropenia was seen in 77% of the administered cycles with only 6 episodes of neutropenic fever. Median lymphocyte count decreased from 1423/μL (range 335–2788) to 519/μL (range 102–1420); CD4 count decreased from 320/μL (range 130–1366) to 115/μL (30–309). In 21 evaluable pts, the ≥PR rate to EPOCH-F was 22% with 13% CR/nCR. 68% had SD and only 1 pt progressed. 20 pts underwent RIHSCT from HLA matched sibling. Median Day 100 chimerism was 100% (range 60–100, mean 95). 70% of patients achieved ≥VGPR and CR/nCR was seen in 40%. Acute GVHD (grade II-IV) was seen in 47% and chronic GVHD (grade III-IV) was seen in 52% of the pts. TRM at 100 days was 5% and 30% at 60 months. Median overall survival of patients after RIHSCT was 46.1 months. Conclusions: EPOCH-F is an active regimen which provides pre-transplantation lympho-depletion, disease control and allows consistent engraftment in multiple myeloma patients undergoing RIHSCT. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF NUTS
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Eye of the Beholder
Authors: Lindsey MacFarlane, Nora Osman, Susan Ritter, Amy L. Miller, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 47-year-old man presented to an urgent care ambulatory clinic with a 3-day history of swelling around his left eye and a sensation of tightness in his throat. It had become difficult for him to swallow solids, and he felt as though food was sticking in his throat.
Global Disparities Persist in Provision of Surgical Operations
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

The number of surgeries is increasing worldwide, particularly in countries that spend little on health care, but wide disparities persist, according to a new report from US researchers (Weiser TG et al. Bull World Health Organ. doi:10.2471/BLT.15.159293 [published online March 1, 2016]).
High Levels of Coagulation Factor XI as a Risk Factor for Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Joost C.M. Meijers, Winnie L.H. Tekelenburg, Bonno N. Bouma, Rogier M. Bertina, Frits R. Rosendaal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Factor XI, a component of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, contributes to the generation of thrombin, which is involved in both the formation of fibrin and protection against fibrinolysis. A deficiency of factor XI is associated with bleeding, but a role of high factor XI levels in thrombosis has not been investigated.
Magnetic-Susceptibility Measurement of Human Iron Stores
Authors: Gary M. Brittenham, David E. Farrell, John W. Harris, Edward S. Feldman, Elizabeth H. Danish, W. Angus Muir, John H. Tripp, Errol M. Bellon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We made direct noninvasive magnetic measurements of hepatic iron stores with a specially designed superconducting quantum-interference-device (SQUID) susceptometer in 20 normal subjects and in 110 patients with liver disease, iron deficiency, hereditary hemochromatosis, or transfusional iron overload. Magnetic in vivo measurements of liver non-heme iron were closely correlated with chemical in vitro measurements in liver-biopsy specimens (r = 0.98, P<10-5) up to 115 μmol per gram of liver tissue (wet weight) or more. Magnetically determined storage-iron concentrations were below 6.0 μmol per gram in iron-deficient patients and normal men and premenopausal women, but they were raised (9.7 to 31.4 μmol) in 12 of 67 patients with liver disease and were greatly increased (22.9 to 117.7 μmol) in patients with untreated hereditary hemochromatosis or transfusional iron overload. Magnetic measurements of iron stores provide a new quantitative technique for early detection of hereditary hemochromatosis and for rapid evaluation of treatment regimens for transfusional iron overload. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:1671–5.)
Emphysema, Hypoxia and the Polycythemic Response
Authors: Therese Vanier, Mauricio J. Dulfano, Clyde Wu, Jane F. Desforges
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IN normal persons chronic hypoxia results in polycythemia. This phenomenon has been recognized and studied in high-altitude dwellers, and data obtained from such studies have come to be accepted as the normal response to hypoxia.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 It is a common clinical observation that patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease have hemoglobin and hematocrit levels close to those of normal high-altitude dwellers, whereas many patients with chronic hypoxic lung disease have much lower levels than one might expect from the degree of hypoxia present. There is also an impression that in some patients with hypoxia secondary to emphysema polycythemia develops but in . . .
Dose intensity and lymphoma.
Authors: R Meyer, M Goodyear, W Hryniuk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.8.1511 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2072151 Dose intensity and lymphoma. R MeyerxR MeyerSearch for articles by this author , M GoodyearxM GoodyearSearch for articles by this author , W HryniukxW HryniukSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.8.1511 PDF "Dose intensity and lymphoma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 9(8), p. 1511© 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract 141: Influence of the Collagen Processing Heat Shock Protein 47 on Cardiomyocyte Homeostasis and Maturation
Authors: Sumon Sur, Peter Christalla, Angelica Roa, Wolfram H Zimmermann
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

PURPOSE: Heat shock protein 47 (Hsp47) is a collagen-specific molecular chaperone required for maturation of collagen type 1. Little is known about the role of Hsp47 in the heart. This study aims to investigate whether Hsp47 is important for cardiomyocyte maturation and assembly into functional syncytia. METHODS: We made use of recently developed 2D and 3D culture platforms to scrutinize the role of Hsp47 for cardiomyocyte maturation and function, i.e., (1) 2D model: culture of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CM) on ECMs derived from both mouse embryonic wild type (WT)- and Hsp47 (-/-) fibroblasts and (2) 3D model: construction of engineered heart muscle (EHM) consisting of purified ESC-CMs with WT- or Hsp47 (-/-) fibroblasts. Cultures were investigated using confocal microscopy and isometric force measurements. RESULTS: ESC-CMs showed mainly immature polygonal shaped morphology and disorganized sarcomeric structures when cultured on ECM secreted by Hsp47 (-/-) fibroblasts; this morphology was in clear contrast to the mostly anisotropic cardiomyocyte appearance in control conditions. EHM with Hsp47 (-/-) fibroblasts did not develop measurable contractile forces. In contrast, WT fibroblast-supplemented EHMs contracted regularly (WT: 0.14±0.1 mN at 2.4 mM Ca2+; n=8/group). Histological analysis of Hsp47 (-/-) EHMs showed mainly rounded and underdeveloped cardiomyocytes comparable to the cardiomyocyte phenotype observed in EHMs containing only ESC-CMs, without fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: Hsp47 influences the deposition of ECM-collagen and affects cardiomyocyte morphology and functionality in our 2D and 3D culture models. Our data collectively suggest that Hsp47 may be an attractive target for the regulation of cardiac tissue homeostasis.
Norwegian Scabies in a Patient with AIDS
Authors: D H Spach, T R Fritsche
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Figure 1. Norwegian Scabies in a Patient with AIDS. A diffuse, nonpruritic, erythematous, macular rash developed in a 43-year-old man with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and a CD4+ cell count of 22 per cubic millimeter. Initially, the rash was attributed to a drug eruption (due to either phenobarbital or ciprofloxacin). Approximately one week after the patient discontinued these medications, however, the rash progressed to form hyperkeratotic plaques on the chest, back, shoulders, elbows, and thighs. Panel A shows these hyperkeratotic plaque-like lesions in the shoulder region, where marked fissuring developed. Skin scrapings from multiple body sites revealed abundant scabies . . .
Review of Recurrent Urinary-Tract Infections in Infancy and Early Childhood
Authors: Frank G. DeLuca, John H. Fisher, Orvar Swenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

RECURRENT urinary-tract infections constitute the major urologic problem in childhood, ranking second in frequency to respiratory infections. Since the symptoms may be minimal and, in some cases, absent, the disease is undoubtedly more frequent than generally realized. It is our belief that these recurrent infections in children are not a series of isolated attacks but repetitive exacerbations of one underlying and continuous infection. Although the symptoms are referable, in many cases, only to the bladder, the term "recurrent urinary-tract infection" is preferable to cystitis because it is difficult to separate infections of the bladder from those of the ureters and . . .
Apolipoprotein E Genotype and the Risk of Recurrent Lobar Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Heather C. O'Donnell, Jonathan Rosand, Katherine A. Knudsen, Karen L. Furie, Alan Z. Segal, Rosaleen I. Chiu, Deborah Ikeda, Steven M. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Recurrent lobar intracerebral hemorrhage is the hallmark of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. The factors that predispose patients to early recurrence of lobar hemorrhage are unknown. One candidate is the apolipoprotein E gene, since both the epsilon2 and the epsilon4 alleles of apolipoprotein E appear to be associated with the severity of amyloid angiopathy.We performed a prospective, longitudinal study of consecutive elderly patients who survived a lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. The patients were followed for recurrent hemorrhagic stroke by interviews at six-month intervals and reviews of medical records and computed tomographic scans.Nineteen of 71 enrolled patients had recurrent hemorrhages during a mean follow-up period of 23.9+/-14.8 months, yielding a 2-year cumulative rate of recurrence of 21 percent. The apolipoprotein E genotype was significantly associated with the risk of recurrence. Carriers of the epsilon2 or epsilon4 allele had a two-year rate of recurrence of 28 percent, as compared with only 10 percent for patients with the common apolipoprotein E epsilon3/epsilon3 genotype (risk ratio, 3.8; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.2 to 11.6; P=0.01). Early recurrence occurred in eight patients, four of whom had the uncommon epsilon2/epsilon4 genotype. Also at increased risk for recurrence were patients with a history of hemorrhagic stroke before entry into the study (two-year recurrence, 61 percent; risk ratio, 6.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.2 to 18.5; P<0.001).The apolipoprotein E genotype can identify patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage who are at highest risk for early recurrence. This finding makes possible both the provision of prognostic information to patients with lobar hemorrhage and a method of targeting and assessing potential strategies for prevention.
PWE-182 The effect of nfΚb pathway deregulation on the progression to oesophageal adenocarcinoma through aberrant BCL3 expression
Authors: I Puccio, M Rodriguez-Justo, MA Butt, S-U-R Khan, M Novelli, LB Lovat, R Hamoudi
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> NFκB pathways have been implicated in many diseases and has been shown to be the link between inflammation and cancer. This pathway is regulated via inhibitor molecules from the IκB family, which BCL3 forms part of. BCL3 functions as an inhibitor to the nuclear translocation of some of the NFκB subunits (p50, p65, RelB, RelA and p52). Not much is known about the role of BCL3 in the regulation of NFκB in upper GI cancer aetiopathogenesis. In this study, we present preliminary data showing that BCL3 has different expression pattern in the Barrett’s metaplasia-dysplasia-carcinoma sequence. <h3>Method</h3> Paraffin embedded oesophageal specimens were selected from 72 patients, containing normal squamous (n = 14), non-dysplastic Barrett’s (n = 15), low grade dysplasia (LGD) (n = 17), high grade dysplasia (HGD) (n = 17) and invasive OA (n = 7). Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess BCL3 expression within the sub-groups. Intensity (0–3+) and extent (0; &lt;1%=1; 1–10%=2; 10–33%=3; 33–66%=4; &gt;66%=5) for staining were scored by 2 expert GI pathologists. The mean for each group was calculated. The relationships between groups were analysed using Mann-Whitney test. <h3>Results</h3> 30% (5/17) of patients in the LGD group had no BCL3 expression at all, probably leading to alternative pathways activated as a result of constitutive NFκB activation. Statistically, BCL3 expression was higher in the HGD group compared to the LGD (p = 0.02). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This novel study shows variation in BCL3 expression patterns across the groups studied. The LGD group has most cases with BCL3 negative expression. This raises the question as to whether alterations in the NFκB pathway are relevant to the early development of Barrett’s neoplasia. Since BCL3 functions as an inhibitor of the nuclear translocation to the NFκB subunits, low expression would lead to the activation of different transcriptomic pathways. Larger sample sizes are needed to improve the statistical power. Further molecular transcriptomic analysis of cases with BCL3 positive and negative expression is warranted. This may shed light on the molecular mechanism of upper GI neoplasia progression and lead to the identification of key therapeutic targets. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
S84 Sputum neutrophils but not Interleukin-8 (IL-8) or Interleukin 17 (IL-17) correlate with the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI)
Authors: S Koustas, A Peel, J Scott, J Davison, K Jiwa, S Carnell, AJ Simpson, A De Soyza
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Bronchiectasis is a progressive neutrophilic inflammatory lung disease associated with abnormal local cytokine release with possible systemic overspill. Early data suggests that interleukin-17 (IL-17) could be involved in the enhanced infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs, via the induction of IL-8 release, and has emerged as a possible biomarker for other chronic neutrophilic lung diseases. <h3>Aims</h3> to investigate the potential use of IL-17 and IL-8 as biomarkers of disease severity in bronchiectasis by utilising a multidimensional clinical severity scoring system, the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI). correlate sputum neutrophils and pathogen status with serum or sputum IL-17 and IL-8 levels. <h3>Methods</h3> Spontaneous sputa and sera were collected from stable adult bronchiectasis patients attending a specialist clinic. We quantified both IL-17 and IL -8 concentrations in the pulmonary compartment (sputum) and the systemic compartment (serum) of 119 stable bronchiectasis patients and 26 healthy volunteers. Sputum neutrophils were conducted using standard methods. <h3>Results</h3> The mean patient age was 65 years, with 24% in mild BSI, 39% moderate BSI and 46% (43% idiopathic, 24% post infectious). IL-17 in the sputum of bronchiectasis patients was found to be two-fold greater than in serum suggesting “local” release (10 pg/ml vs 5 pg/ml). Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between these two variables, suggesting a “spillover” of cytokines from the lungs (p &lt; 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in serum IL-17 levels between bronchiectasis and healthy subjects (0 ± 2 pg/ml). In addition, no significant correlation was found between IL-8 and IL-17 levels in the sputum of patients. Sputum IL-17 levels were found to have a significant negative correlation with BSI severity scoring, but this was not reproduced when individual BSI parameters were analysed. IL-8 similarly performed poorly in correlating with BSI. In contrast more severe BSI scores were significantly associated with higher% neutrophils in sputa (p = 0.045). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The clinical utility of IL-17 and IL-8 as biomarkers for the prediction of disease severity in bronchiectasis patients appears poor. These data may also suggest targeting these chemokines are of limited value. Focus in bronchiectasis may need shifted from neutrophil chemokines to factors that inhibit apoptosis and/or promote neutrophil persistence in the airway.
Serum versus Urinary Antimicrobial Concentrations in Cure of Urinary-Tract Infections
Authors: Thomas A. Stamey, William R. Fair, Mary M. Timothy, Marcia A. Millar, Gladys Mihara, Yvonne C. Lowery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The relative importance of antimicrobial concentrations obtained in the serum and urine of broad-spectrum antibiotics in the treatment of urinary infections remains controversial. In a prospective study, 33 consecutive patients were treated with oral oxytetracycline, 250 mg four times a day. Antimicrobial activity could not be detected in the serum of either the 20 patients cured or the 13 regarded as failures. Bactericidal activity in the urine, however, was observed in 18 of 20 cured and five of 13 considered failures. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the infecting organism to oxytetracycline correlated well with the clinical course of the patient. We conclude that cure of urinary infections depends upon antimicrobial concentrations in the urine rather than in the serum and that testing for antimicrobial sensitivity based on urinary levels should be available in clinical practice. (N Engl J Med 291:1159–1163, 1974)