tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Determining priority signs and symptoms for use as clinical outcomes assessments in trials including patients with malignant gliomas: Panel 1 Report
Authors: Terri S. Armstrong, Allison M. Bishof, Paul D. Brown, Martin Klein, Martin J.B. Taphoorn, Christina Theodore-Oklota
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Patients with primary brain tumors such as malignant gliomas are highly symptomatic, often from the time of diagnosis. Signs and symptoms (signs/symptoms) can cause functional limitations that often worsen over the disease trajectory and may impact patient quality of life. It is recognized that standard measurements of tumor response do not adequately measure this impact or the impact that a therapy may have to mitigate these signs/symptoms and potentially have clinical benefit. Identifying a core set of signs/symptoms and functional limitations is important for understanding their clinical impact and is the first step to including clinical outcomes assessment in primary brain tumor clinical trials.
Rate Control versus Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: A. Marc Gillinov, Emilia Bagiella, Alan J. Moskowitz, Jesse M. Raiten, Mark A. Groh, Michael E. Bowdish, Gorav Ailawadi, Katherine A. Kirkwood, Louis P. Perrault, Michael K. Parides, Robert L. Smith, John A. Kern, Gladys Dussault, Amy E. Hackmann, Neal O. Jeffries, Marissa A. Miller, Wendy C. Taddei-Peters, Eric A. Rose, Richard D. Weisel, Deborah L. Williams, Ralph F. Mangusan, Michael Argenziano, Ellen G. Moquete, Karen L. O’Sullivan, Michel Pellerin, Kinjal J. Shah, James S. Gammie, Mary Lou Mayer, Pierre Voisine, Annetine C. Gelijns, Patrick T. O’Gara, Michael J. Mack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery is associated with increased rates of death, complications, and hospitalizations. In patients with postoperative atrial fibrillation who are in stable condition, the best initial treatment strategy--heart-rate control or rhythm control--remains controversial.Patients with new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation were randomly assigned to undergo either rate control or rhythm control. The primary end point was the total number of days of hospitalization within 60 days after randomization, as assessed by the Wilcoxon rank-sum test.Postoperative atrial fibrillation occurred in 695 of the 2109 patients (33.0%) who were enrolled preoperatively; of these patients, 523 underwent randomization. The total numbers of hospital days in the rate-control group and the rhythm-control group were similar (median, 5.1 days and 5.0 days, respectively; P=0.76). There were no significant between-group differences in the rates of death (P=0.64) or overall serious adverse events (24.8 per 100 patient-months in the rate-control group and 26.4 per 100 patient-months in the rhythm-control group, P=0.61), including thromboembolic and bleeding events. About 25% of the patients in each group deviated from the assigned therapy, mainly because of drug ineffectiveness (in the rate-control group) or amiodarone side effects or adverse drug reactions (in the rhythm-control group). At 60 days, 93.8% of the patients in the rate-control group and 97.9% of those in the rhythm-control group had had a stable heart rhythm without atrial fibrillation for the previous 30 days (P=0.02), and 84.2% and 86.9%, respectively, had been free from atrial fibrillation from discharge to 60 days (P=0.41).Strategies for rate control and rhythm control to treat postoperative atrial fibrillation were associated with equal numbers of days of hospitalization, similar complication rates, and similarly low rates of persistent atrial fibrillation 60 days after onset. Neither treatment strategy showed a net clinical advantage over the other. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02132767.).
THU0293 Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients have a distinct profile of soluble apoptosis molecules:
Authors: B.L. Liphaus, M.H.B. Kiss, S. Carrasco, C.A. Silva, C. Goldenstein-Schainberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Conflicting results concerning the role of soluble apoptosis molecules in rheumatic diseases still remains. In adulthood, sFas, sFasL, sBcl-2 and sTRAIL levels in lupus patients have been described as normal, decreased or elevated, varying among studies and according to disease activity and to organ damage. In dermatomyositis, overexpressions of Fas and Bcl-2 were observed in myofibers suggesting apoptosis mediated injury, while sFasL levels are higher in both sera and synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate sFas, sFasL, sTRAIL and sBcl-2 in sera from JSLE patients compared to JDM, JIA and healthy controls, and to evaluate associations with nephritis and disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> sFas, sFasL, sTRAIL and sBcl-2 were measured in sera from 43 patients with JSLE (36F:7M, mean age=14.3, range 8.2-20.8 yrs, revised ACR criteria) and gender and age machted 26 JIA (ILAR criteria), 13 JDM patients (Bohan &amp; Peter criteria) and 35 healthy individuals. Lupus activity parameters included SLEDAI score, ESR, serum anti-dsDNA (by quantitative ELISA), C3 and C4 (by standard methods). Thirty JSLE patients had active disease (SLEDAI ≥4) and 32 had nephritis. Commercial solid phase ELISA kits were used following the manufacturer's instructions. Statistical analysis used Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman's rank, with P value &lt;0.05. <h3>Results</h3> JSLE patients had increased sFas and sTRAIL, decreased FasL and similar sBcl-2 levels compared to healthy controls, which were all related to active but not inactive disease (Table). SLEDAI score correlated positively with sFas (r=0.52; p=0.001), while anti-dsDNA, C3, C4, ESR and renal involvement had no association with soluble proteins. Interestingly, JDM patients presented 2-fold higher sBcl-2 level compared with all control groups. JIA patients had soluble apoptosis levels similar to controls (Table). <h3>Conclusions</h3> JSLE and JDM patients present distinct profile of soluble apoptosis molecules, indicating a pro-apoptotic profile in active JSLE patients. Additionally, increased sBcl-2 in JDM patients may suggest an apoptosis role in its pathogenesis, therefore further studies are necessary to determine the relevance of this anti-apoptotic protein in this myopathy. Financial support: FAPESP grant 08/58238 <h3>References</h3> NozawaK etal, Arthritis Rheum. 1997;40(6):1126-9. Lub-de HoogeMN etal, Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64:854-8. Falcini F et al, Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2000;18(5):643-6. Sugiura T et al, Arthritis Rheum. 1999;42(2):291-8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Effects of Trypan Blue on Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats Given Ethionine or &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-2-Fluorenylacetamide&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Nobuyuki Ito, M.D., Emmanuel Farber, M.D., Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Commercial trypan blue and ethionine are mutually antagonistic in the induction of liver neoplasia in that trypan blue suppresses ethionine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma and ethionine suppresses trypan-blue-induced reticulum cell sarcoma. Trypan blue is considerably more effective when administered during the first 5 weeks than during weeks 8–13. In contrast, trypan blue has no apparent influence on liver carcinoma induced by N-2-fluorenylacetamide, while N-2-fluorenylacetamide suppresses sarcoma induction by trypan blue to an extent equal to that by ethionine. The mechanisms of these interactions are at present obscure.
Phase I/II trial for evaluation of the role of gemcitabine as a radiosensitizer in locally advanced bladder cancer in Egypt
Authors: A. O. Abd-Elghany, H. T. Kamal, K. A. El Ghamrawy, Y. Gouda, W. O. Arafat
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4727 Bladder cancer is the first common malignancy among men in Egypt. Most of our patients diagnosed late, locally advanced bladder cancer with more than 30% are squamous carcinoma. Conventional treatment is usually ineffective. Gemcitabine is a novel drug which has potent radiosensitive effect. However, its radiosensitive role in bladder cancer has not been studied well. Aim: To examine the feasibility, dose limiting toxicity and maximum tolerated dose and to study its effect on the response rates and the survival function. Patients and Methods: Patients attended Menufia University Hospitals between 1999–2002 diagnosed with cystoscopic biopsy as T3-T4 bladder cancer. Eligible Pts had Kernofisky PS of more than 60%, no prior cancer therapy, no evidences of metastatic disease, adequate renal and hepatic function and normal baseline hematological parameters. Pts were randomized into two treatment groups; Group I 30 Pts received conventional radical radiotherapy using the conformal radiotherapy to pelvis and bladder with total dose 60 GY/6 weeks. Group II received in addition to the radiotherapy GEM in a starting dose of 30 mg/m2 thrice weekly every other day half an hour before the radiation session through the six weeks of RT. Follow up of pts included CT scan, Cystoscopy and biopsy for responding pts. Follow up range was 6- 27 month. Results: There was no dose limiting toxicity at 30 mg/m2 3 times weekly in the 1 st 3 pts. At dose 50 mg/m2 there was no dose limiting toxicityin another 3 pt. The dose was escalated to 60 mg/m2 3 times weekly in another 3 pts, two pts developed grade 3 diarrhea. Thus, we offer the rest of patients 50 mg/m2. The CR for group I was 13, 3% (4/30) while it was 40% for group II, the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.050). The overall response rate for group I was 50% (15/30) and 66.7% (20/30) for group II (p = 0.19). As regard the progression free survival it was 11.1 ± 5.74 and 14 ± 3.24 for Group I and II consequently. However the difference was statistically insignificant with (P 0.114.) Conclusion: In Egyptian population with advanced bladder cancer, the maximum tolerated dose of GEM as a radiosensetizer is 50 mg /m2 thrice weekly, diarrhea is the dose limiting toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 2732: Short inverted repeats are hot spots for genetic instability in mammalian cells
Authors: Steve Lu, Guliang Wang, Karen M. Vasquez
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Analyses of chromosomal aberrations in genetic disorders such as leukemia and lymphoma have provided compelling evidence that segments of the human genome are prone to breakage that lead to DNA rearrangements. Many of these hot spot areas contain sequences that have the potential to form non-B DNA such as Z-DNA, H-DNA or cruciforms. Although research has shown that large palindromes are mutagenic in mammalian cells, the instability of short inverted repeat sequences (30 bp), which are mapped near breakpoints and quite abundant in the eukaryotic genome, has not been investigated. In order to study the effects of short cruciform-forming sequences on genetic instability, we subcloned short AT- and CG-rich inverted repeats into a lacZ’ mutation-reporter shuttle vector. The cruciform structures that formed at the palindromic sequences were probed using S1 nuclease to confirm the presence of the non-B DNA structure. Cruciform-induced mutagenesis was measured in mammalian COS-7 cells via transfection then blue-white screening in DH5α cells. Ligation-mediated PCR provided direct evidence that cruciform-forming sequences induced double-stranded breaks in mammalian cells. In vitro replication assays using SV40- HeLa cell-free extracts were employed to establish the connection between replication and cruciform-induced genetic instability. Results from our study demonstrate for the first time that cruciform structures that form at short inverted repeats are mutagenic in mammalian cells. The majority of the mutants induced by cruciforms were large-scale deletions that spanned the inverted repeat sequence. Analyses of junctions revealed that &amp;gt;80% of the mutants contained microhomologies which are characteristic of error-prone nonhomologous end-joining repair. This suggests that cruciform structure is cleaved by replication-independent, structure-specific nucleases in mammalian cells that result in DNA double-stranded breaks at positions directly adjacent to the inverted repeat. These results indicate that cruciform-forming sequences may play a role in genetic instability and contribute to human diseases associated with gene translocations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2732. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2732
Personal Action Needed To Win CancerWar, NCAB Says
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Personal Action Needed To Win CancerWar, NCAB Says Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 4, 15 February 1989, Pages 252–253, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.4.252 Published: 15 February 1989
SAT0414 Predictors of Functional Deterioration in Chinese Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Y.Y. Leung, K.-W. Ho, E. K.-M. Li, M. Li, L.-W. Kwok, P.C. Wong, T.K. Li, T.Y. Zhu, E.E. Kun, L.-S. Tam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> There is spare data from Asia on the longitudinal course of physical function in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). <h3>Objectives</h3> We aim to describe variables associated with a deterioration of physical function in PsA in Chinese over a 6-year period. <h3>Methods</h3> 125 consecutive patients with PsA fulfilled the CASPAR criteria from a rheumatology outpatient center were recruited to give sociodemographic and clinical data in 2006 to 2008. Follow up interviews were conducted in 2012 to 2013 to assess physical function using Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). Regression models were constructed to determine baseline variables that predict physical function on follow up. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 97 patients completed the follow up survey, with mean follow up time of 6.2 (±0.7) years, response rate 77.6%. PsA patients had poor physical function and health related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to normal population. There were 33% who improved in disability status and 41.2% had persistent minimal disability by HAQ categories (HAQ 0-0.49) over time. There were 14.4% of the patients who had persistent moderate disability (HAQ 0.5-1.50) and 10.3% had deterioration in disability status. There were 17.5% of patients who had deterioration in physical function as defined by an increment of HAQ score of more than 0.2 at follow up survey. Age, physical function at baseline and the number of damaged joint were significantly related HAQ at follow up. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Chinese patients with PsA had had poor physical function and quality of life. One fifth of patient experienced deterioration of physical function over time. Joint damage and baseline physical function were important factors associated with poor physical function in PsA over time. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1100
Nontraumatic Spontaneous Pneumothorax among Military Personnel
Authors: Samuel Cohen, J. Murray Kinsman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THIS study was undertaken with the main purpose of determining the etiologic background and the precipitating factors in cases of nontraumatic spontaneous pneumothorax among hospitalized military personnel. Records covering a ten-year period were reviewed. In the six-year interval from January, 1935, to December, 1940, inclusive, when the military strength of the post was relatively low, there were no cases of spontaneous pneumothorax. In the succeeding four years (January, 1941, to December, 1944, inclusive) 41 cases were encountered. The pertinent military, clinical and roentgenologic aspects are presented and discussed.Military DataThe incidence of spontaneous pneumothorax for the years 1942 through . . .
COLOCACION TEMPORAL DE STENTS METALICOS AUTOEXPANDIBLES CUBIERTOS EN LAS COMPLICACIONES BILIARES DEL POSTRASPLANTE HEPATICO. ¿SON SEGUROS Y EFICACES?
Authors: A Alcalde Vargas, S Sobrino Rodríguez, I Gutiérrez Domingo, T López, JM Bozada García, JL Márquez Galán
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Objetivos: Evaluar el éxito clínico y seguridad de la prótesis metálicas autoexpansibles totalmente cubiertas (FCSEMS) con un largo periodo de seguimiento, en pacientes con complicaciones biliares tras el trasplante hepático (TH) Material y método: Serie retrospectiva de 12 pacientes, entre Abril 2008 y Enero 2012, con TH y posterior complicación biliar (estenosis y/o fuga biliar). En 4 pacientes se colocó la FCSEMS como primera opción terapéutica. En los 8 restantes, se colocó tras fracasar la terapia endoscópica convencional (stent plástico biliar asociado o no a esfinterotomía endoscópica o dilatación neumática progresiva) Resultados: 7 hombres y 5 mujeres. Edad media al TH 51.8±7.1 años. Predominio de etiología alcohólica (n=7) como indicación del TH. Tiempo desde el TH hasta diagnostico de complicaciones biliares de 30.5 meses. Complicación biliar: Estenosis aislada (n=8), estenosis asociada a fuga (n=3) y fuga biliar (n=1). El tiempo medio de permanencia de la FCSEMS fue de 6.37 meses (3–11). Un paciente se perdió en el seguimiento. La resolución de la complicación biliar mediante la colocación de la FCSEMS ocurrió en 8 de los 11 pacientes (72.7%), sin evidenciar recurrencia durante el seguimiento posterior que fue de 23.6 meses (6–44) No existen diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos de tratamiento, aunque hay una menor tasa de éxito (75% vs. 66.6%) y mas migración (25% vs. 66.6%) en el grupo que se coloca la FCSEMS como primera línea. No éxitus ni complicaciones graves asociadas. Cuatro casos de migración del stent (36%) sin complicaciones clínicas asociadas, en dos de ellos relacionado con resolución de la estenosis. Los otros dos precisaron hepático-yeyunostomía. Conclusión: En pacientes con complicaciones biliares post-TH no respondedores a la terapia endoscópica convencional, la colocación temporal de FCSEMS es una alternativa eficaz y a largo plazo de la cirugía. En cambio, no parece recomendable el uso de FCSEMS como primera opción de tratamiento
Integrated surveillance for prevention and control of emerging vector-borne diseases in Europe
Authors: J C Semenza, H Zeller
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Preview this article: Integrated surveillance for prevention and control of emerging vector-borne diseases in Europe, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/19/13/art20757-en-1.gif
Cortex in context: Response to commentaries on neural reuse
Authors: Michael L. Anderson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract In this response, I offer some specific examples of neural workings, discuss the uncertainty of reverse inference, place neural reuse in developmental and cultural context, further differentiate reuse from plasticity, and clarify my position on embodied cognition. The concept of local neural workings is further refined, and some different varieties of reuse are identified. Finally, I lay out some opportunities for future research, and discuss some of the clinical implications of reuse in more detail.
Infection of a Laboratory Worker with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Rima F. Khabbaz, Walid Heneine, J. Richard George, Bharat Parekh, Thomas Rowe, Toni Woods, William M. Switzer, Harold M. McClure, Michael Murphey-Corb, Thomas M. Folks
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are primate lentiviruses that are morphologically similar and biologically related to human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs)1–4. SIVs naturally infect some nonhuman primate species, such as African green monkeys and sooty mangabey monkeys, without causing immunodeficiency. In contrast, experimental SIV infection of other susceptible primate species, such as macaques, can cause chronic wasting syndromes and a disease similar to the human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)5–10. Because of the similarities between the human and nonhuman lentiviruses, SIV and its susceptible primate host have become the principal model for studying the pathogenesis of AIDS and developing . . .
Abstract P4-06-13: c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 (JNK1) Inhibits Tumor Progression and Regulates Embryonic Mammary Development
Authors: ND Ebelt, CL Ven Den Berg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Specification of the murine mammary placode in embryonic development involves pathways that are dysregulated in murine and human breast cancers. Beginning with secretion of Neuregulin 3 (Nrg3) and Wingless-Integrated (Wnt) 10b by the dermal mesenchyme, at embryonic day (E) 10.5, a mammary placode will condense over 48 hours due to signaling through the canonical Wnt pathway as well as through the avian ERythroBlastosis oncogene B (ErbB) receptors 4 and 2. By E15.5 placodes will invade the underlying mesenchyme to form the primary duct. The Wnt and ErbB pathways are also known to cause or promote cancer when dysregulated. Methods and Materials: Number four mammary glands of female, virgin mice (jnk1+/+ or jnk1-/-) were harvested and stained with carmine alum to observe ducts. Wildtype mice were injected with 4T1.2 cells with shRNA targeted to Jnk1 (shJnk1) or non-targeting shRNA (GipZ). Tumors were palpated for growth changes and lungs were stained with India ink to observe lung metastases. RNA from tumors was compared using microarray fro expression of cancer related genes. Results: We have observed that adult glands from jnk1-/- mice contain multiple primary ducts whereas jnk1+/+ mice contain only one, indicating a possible defect during embryonic placode formation. This phenotype mimics what has been previously reported in models of ectopic NRG3 expression. In a 4T1.2 murine mammary cancer model, shJnk1 results in increased tumor growth as well as increased lung metastasis when compared to cells transfected with GipZ. In the tumors grown from the 4T1.2shJnk1 and 4T1.2GipZ cells, a microarray analysis revealed increases in Nrg3, Wnt targets and ligands, and the ErbB2 and Wnt target ETV5 in 4T1.2shJnk1 cells. An increase in the expression of ETV5, Bcl-9, Cox-2 (an ETV5 target), and ErbB2 (a target of ETV5) in 4T1.2shJnk1 cells vs 4T1.2GipZ cells has been confirmed by RT-PCR and western blotting for ErbB2 (Figure 2). I plan to determine how JNK1 affects the Wnt and ErbB pathways in mouse embryos and mammary tumor models. Since Wnt and ErbB pathways are necessary for placode formation, it is likely that these pathways, which are upregulated in our cancer model, are involved in the embryonic phenotype. I hypothesize that JNK1 loss causes increased signaling through these pathways, resulting in the formation of ectopic mammary placodes as well as a more aggressive tumor phenotype. If my hypothesis is supported by these studies then future studies will evaluate if low jnk1 expression is associated with a higher risk of developing breast cancer or a worse prognosis using publically available microarray datasets derived from human tumor samples. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-06-13.