tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunosuppression with Azathioprine and Prednisone in Recent-Onset Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Janet Silverstein, Noel Maclaren, William Riley, Rebecca Spillar, Doreen Radjenovic, Suzanne Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

We randomly assigned 46 patients (mean age, 11.7 years; range, 4.5 to 32.8) with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus within two weeks of beginning insulin to receive either corticosteroids for 10 weeks plus daily azathioprine for one year or no immunosuppressive therapy. Half the 20 immunosuppressed patients completing the one-year trial had satisfactory metabolic outcomes (hemoglobin A1c <6.8 percent; stimulated peak C peptide >0.5 nmol per liter; insulin dose <0.4 U per kilogram of body weight per day) as compared with only 15 percent of the controls. Three of 20 immunosuppressed patients, but no controls, were insulin independent at one year. Two of these continue to receive azathioprine without insulin after more than 27 months of follow-up. The response to immunosuppression correlated with older age, better initial metabolic status, and lymphopenia (<1800 lymphocytes per cubic millimeter) resulting from immunosuppression. The side effects of azathioprine included vomiting in one patient and mild hair loss in several others. Prednisone use resulted in a transient cushingoid appearance, weight gain, and hyperglycemia. The growth rate remained normal in all patients. We conclude that early immunosuppression with short-term use of corticosteroids plus daily azathioprine can improve metabolic control in some patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, but results from this unblinded study are preliminary and require further confirmation and long-term follow-up. (N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 599–604.)
Abstract 3480: TNFα accelerates tumor vascular leukocyte formation through the induction of integrin α5 expression and adhesion to fibronectin
Authors: Bin Li, Pampee Young
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Tumor associated myeloid cells are believed to promote tumor development by stimulating tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Tumor associated myeloid cells that co-express endothelial and myeloid markers represent a pro-angiogenic subpopulation known as vascular leukocytes. Recently, we and others have demonstrated that tumor-derived TNFα promotes local tumor growth and vascularity. Our data suggest that tumor growth is in part due to TNFα-mediated increased numbers of tumor-associated vascular leukocytes (ie myeloid-endothelial biphenotypic cells). The work detailed herein explored the mechanism by which TNFα mediates endothelial differentiation of myeloid cells. Our studies showed that fibronectin is a robust facilitator of endothelial differentiation of blood mononuclear cells in vitro. We have found that TNFα treatment of monocytes significantly increased expression of α5β1 integrin, a major fibronectin receptor enriched on endothelial cells, leading to a consequent 4-fold increase in fibronectin adhesion. Furthermore, TNFα treated monocytes upregulated expression of endothelial markers, flk-1(VEGFR2/KDR) and VE-cadherin. Integrin α5 subunit inhibitory antibodies blocked adhesion to fibronectin as well as consequent upregulation of flk-1 and VE-cadherin transcripts, implying a role for outside-in signaling by the α5β1 integrin after binding fibronectin. Finally, treatment of mouse tumors with anti-α5 antibodies reduced accumulation of tumor vascular leukocytes in vivo. Our studies suggest that tumor-cell derived TNFα constitutes a tumor microenvironment signal that promotes differentiation of tumor-associated monocytes towards a proangiogenic/provasculogenic myeloid-endothelial phenotype via upregulation of the fibronectin receptor α5β1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3480. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3480
Intermittent small-bowel obstruction due to a mobile bezoar diagnosed with single-balloon enteroscopy
Authors: C. Chang, C. Chang, H. Wang, M. Chen, S. Lin, W. Chang, J. Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 62-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus had been having intermittent, cramping abdominal pain for 2 months. He also had abdominal distension, which tended to improve spontaneously. Physical examination of the abdomen showed mild distension with decreasing bowel sounds. A small-bowel barium study showed delayed passage of the contrast medium and a dilated small bowel but no mechanical obstruction. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) also showed dilatation of the small intestine with fecal material in the ileum ([Fig. 1]). Retrograde single-balloon enteroscopy revealed a mobile bezoar, about 4 – 5 cm in size, along with several ulcers in the ileum (100 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve) ([Fig. 2]). The bezoar was fragmented with forceps and snare ([Fig. 3]). The abdominal pain reduced and the patient started to feed well. Unfortunately, after 1 week he had abdominal pain again, and surgery was carried out to remove the bezoar from the ileum.
AB0571 High Dose Intravenous Methylprednisolone Induces RAPID Improvement in Severe Ocular Inflammation. Multicenter Study of 104 Cases
Authors: E. Beltrán-Catalán, V. Calvo-Río, R. Blanco-Alonso, N. Ortego Centeno, J.L. García Serrano, L. Martinez-Costa Pérez, A. Fonollosa Calduch, M. Hernandez Garfella, E. Valls, F. Francisco Hernández, M.A. Reyes, I. Torre, O. Maíz, A. Blanco, S. Muñoz-Fernández, M.D.M. Esteban, E. Pato-Cour, M. Diaz, R. Gallego, M. Cordero-Coma, F. Ortiz, J. Cañal, M.A. González-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Intense ocular inflammation can cause an early and irreversible structural and functional damage. <h3>Objectives</h3> Treatment with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) can induce a rapid improvement in multiple inflammatory conditions including uveitis. <h3>Methods</h3> A multicenter study of 104 patients (169 eyes) with severe ocular inflammation treated with IVMP attended in uveitis units of 11 hospitals. The most frequent underlying syndromes were: idiopathic uveitis (n=21), Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (n=26), Behçet (n=19), spondyloarthritis (n=4), Sjögren syndrome (n=2), psoriatic arthritis (n=2) and multiple Sclerosis (n=2). The patients were evaluated at baseline and on days 2-5, 7, 15 and 30 after treatment with IVMP. <h3>Results</h3> 104 patients (59 women/45 men) were studied with a mean age of 42.27±14.42 years (range 8-76 years) receiving doses of IVMP, which ranged from 0.25 to 1 gram per day for 2-5 consecutive days. They all had active and severe intraocular inflammation at baseline. The inflammatory ocular patterns were: panuveitis (n=61), posterior uveitis (n=35), anterior uveitis (n=3), scleritis (n=3) and intermediate uveitis (n=2). Bilateral ocular involvement was observed in 65 patients (62.5%). After IVMP treatment, the inflammation of the anterior chamber, the vitritis and visual acuity experienced rapid and statistically significant improvement from the second day. However, the improvement of retinal vasculitis, choroiditis/chorio-retinitis and macular edema was more slowly achieved, gaining statistical significance from the first week. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed a macular thickening (&gt;250μ) in 90 eyes at baseline, with normalization in 30% of affected eyes at day 15 and in 50% of affected eyes at day 30 (p&lt;0.05). IVMP therapy was well tolerated and no notable side effects were reported. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study suggests that IVMP is an effective and safe remission induction therapy in severe ocular inflammation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4735
Abstract 1315: Real-time imaging of nuclear-cytoplasmic dynamics in UV light killing of cancer cells expressing fluorescent proteins
Authors: Hiroaki Kimura, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Katsuro Tomita, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Our laboratory pioneered dual-color cancer cells, in which red fluorescent protein (RFP) is expressed in the cytoplasm and green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the nucleus (Cancer Research 64, 4251-4256, 2004; Nature Protocols 1, 928-935, 2006). Total cellular dynamics can be visualized in the living dual-color cells in real time. In this study, we investigated the cancer-cell-killing efficacy of UV light using the dual-color cancer cells. For UV irradiation experiments, a Benchtop 3UV transilluminator, which emits UVC with an emission peak at 254 nm; UVB with an emission peak at 302 nm; and UVA with an emission peak at 365 nm; was used. After exposure to various doses of UVA, UVB, or UVC, apoptotic, necrotic and viable cells were quantitated under fluorescence microscopy using dual-color 143B human osteosarcoma cells (143B). UV-induced cancer cell death was wave-length and dose dependent. After UVA exposure, most cells were viable even if the UV dose was increased up to 200 J/m2. In the UVB group, cell death began to appear when irradiated at 50 J/m2. For UVC, the rate of cell killing was proportional to increased UVC irradiation. 25 J/m2 UVC irradiation killed over 40% of the 143B dual-color cells. However, the rate of cell killing plateaued at 100 J/m2. We also tested 50J/m2 UVC and 100J/m2 of UVB on four types of dual-color cancer cell lines. UV-induced cancer cell death varied among the cell lines. Cell death began about 4 hours after irradiation and continued until 10 hours after irradiation. Real-time movies were made of cells undergoing UV-induced cell death. Most cells died via apoptosis and only a small portion of them died via necrosis. We will develop UV irradiation for treatment of fluorescent-protein-expressing minimal residual cancer remaining after resection. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1315.
IMPACTO CLÍNICO DE LA VIGILANCIA POR USE EN LOS TUMORES MESENQUIMALES ASINTOMÁTICOS
Authors: C Gutiérrez, J Albrecht-Bonomo, G Fernández-Esparrach, O Sendino, H Córdova, J Gornals, L Barranco, C Leal, A Rodríguez-D'Jesús, H Uchima, J Llach, A Ginès
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: Los tumores mesenquimales asintomáticos se diagnostican de forma incidental durante la endoscopia alta y representan un reto para el clínico. La ecoendoscopia es actualmente la técnica de elección para la evaluación de las lesiones subepiteliales. No existen datos sobre el significado de los cambios morfológicos detectados por USE durante el seguimiento de estos pacientes. Objetivo: Estudiar el impacto clínico de los cambios morfológicos identificados mediante ecoendoscopia durante el seguimiento de los tumores mesenquimales asintomáticos. Material y método: Se incluyeron todos los pacientes con tumores mesenquimales referidos para evaluación ecoendoscópica en el período agosto 1997– febrero 2012 y con más de una exploración. Las exploraciones se realizaron bajo sedación consciente y con un ecoendoscopio radial (GF UM160, Olympus). Las variables analizadas fueron: edad, sexo y características tumorales determinadas por USE (tamaño, localización, ecogenicidad, márgenes, forma y presencia de áreas quísticas). Un aumento en el diámetro >50% fue considerado como cambio significativo en el tamaño de la lesión. Resultados: Se evaluaron 212 pacientes con un tumor mesenquimal del tracto gastrointestinal alto, de los cuales 91 (43%) tenían seguimiento (52 mujeres, 57%, edad 56+14). Cuarenta y cuatro (48%) de las lesiones se localizaron en estómago, 42 (46%) en esófago y 5 (6%) en duodeno y el tamaño medio fue 45+17×34+15mm. La mediana de seguimiento fue de 25 meses (rango 5–131). Se identificaron 11 (12%) casos con cambios morfológicos durante el seguimiento: aumento de tamaño (n=5), desarrollo de heterogenicidad (n=3), cambio en la forma (n=2) y desarrollo de áreas quísticas (n=1). Los tumores con cambios se localizaron en el esófago (n=5) y el estómago (n=6). Seis de los 11 pacientes (54%) con cambios fueron operados: GIST de bajo grado (n=3), leiomioma esofágico (n=2), no datos (n=1). Conclusiones: La incidencia de cambios durante la vigilancia con ecoendoscopia en los tumores mesenquimales asintomáticos es baja y no se asocia a malignidad. Son necesarios más estudios, con un mayor número de pacientes y con un seguimiento más largo para identificar aquellos pacientes con mayor riesgo de degeneración y así poder recomendar la estrategia de vigilancia más adecuada.
AB0850 Clinical remission of early psoriatic arthritis (EPSA) at two years of follow up:
Authors: F. Bandinelli, F. Scazzariello, G. Salvadorini, M. Matucci Cerinic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Early detection and treatment of inflammatory involvement in patients with Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is essential to prevent chronic disability <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the clinical remission at two years obtained with traditional DMARDs and antiTNF alpha in patients with early psoriatic arthritis (ePsA) <h3>Methods</h3> 43 patients (16 male and 27 female) with early PsA (ePsA), defined as inflammatory joint symptoms and signs with a duration &lt;1 year at diagnosis and diagnosed according to the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) (1), with persistent disease after three months since diagnosis and treated with DMARDS (traditional and antiTNF alpha) and cox2 inhibitors, were studied, at two years of follow up (since onset of treatment), with inflammatory markers (ESR, CRP), clinical investigation (MASES, 66/68 joint count, BASMI, pain at palpation of sacroiliac joints) and questionnaires (pain and fatigue visual analogical scale -VAS-, HAQ modified for spondiloarthritis, BASFI and BASDAI). We defined clinical remission as the complete negativity of all parameters persistent for almost six months. <h3>Results</h3> At two years, 12/43 patients (27,9%) presented a complete clinical remission at (mean) 10,6 months (range 6 - 24 months), persistent for successive six months, of whom 5/12 (41,6%) suspended DMARDS and were treated only with cox2 inhibitors, without relapse after six months. The clinical characteristics and treatments of ePsA are shown in table 1. Patients with complete remission had no axial disease and had a higher percentage of entheseal involvement in comparison to the ePsA with partial response. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Early treatment of ePsA induces clinical remission in an high percentage of patients with entheseal and peripheral involvement. <h3>References</h3> Taylor W, Gladman D, Helliwell Ph, Marchesoni A, Mease Ph, Mielants H, and the CASPAR Study Group. Classification criteria for psoriatic arthritis. Development of new criteria from a large international study. Arthritis Rheum 2006;54:2665-73 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Time allocation, religious observance, and illness in Mayan horticulturalists
Authors: David Waynforth
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Analysis of individual differences in religious observance in a Belizean community showed that the most religious (pastors and church workers) reported more illnesses, and that there was no tendency for the religiously observant to restrict their interactions to family or extended family. Instead, the most religiously observant tended to have community roles that widened their social contact: religion did not aid isolation – thus violating a key assumption of the parasite-stress theory of sociality.
The Role of Preoperative Tc-99m HMPAO-Labeled Leukocyte Total-Body Scans in Aortic Prosthetic Reconstruction
Authors: M Liberatore, V Fiore, A P Iurilli, C Santini, P Baiocchi, M Galiè, A Schioppa, L Rizzo, P Fiorani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose This study was performed to evaluate the utility of Tc-99m HMPAO-labeled leukocyte total-body scans (TBLS) for detecting remote septic foci before operation in patients undergoing aortofemoral vascular surgery. Materials and Methods Fifty-eight patients were screened before operation for inflammatory or infective disease, and a clinical score was assigned to each patient. Each patient had TBLSs. The relation between the clinical score and the TBLS result was determined. Patients with positive results of the TBLSs were examined, and the causes of these findings were treated before surgery. Results Ten of the 58 (17%) patients had a positive result of TBLSs. Of 31 patients with a clinical score of zero, 3 had positive findings of TBLS. No TBLS was positive in the 13 patients with a clinical score of 1. TBLS findings were positive in 7 of 14 of the combined patients with clinical scores of 2, 3, or 4. None of the patients showed signs of prosthetic vascular graft infection during the postoperative follow-up period. Conclusions In conclusion, TBLSs can be used before aortofemoral vascular surgery, but only in patients with high clinical scores for inflammatory or infective disease to identify relevant infective foci that could cause vascular graft infection.
Sharing BRCA results: are there disparities?.
Authors: MS Beattie, PZ Han, T Yu, S Chan, C Wilcox, B Crawford
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1101 Background: BRCA is a unique breast cancer biomarker; it defines risk not only for an individual, but also for a family. Little is known about sharing BRCA results with relatives. This study aims to determine which relatives are told of BRCA results and which relatives pursue BRCA testing. This study also explores whether patient and relative characteristics can account for differences in sharing BRCA results and BRCA testing of relatives.&amp;#x2028; Methods: As part of the UCSF Cancer Risk Program Cohort, all women who receive genetic counseling and BRCA testing at the UCSF/Mt. Zion Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) and at San Francisco General Hospital (SFGH) are sent a survey regarding their health habits and their genetic testing experience. Women surveyed are asked: whether they have shared BRCA results; if so, with whom; and whether other family members have pursued BRCA testing. Patient-level variables examined include: cancer status, hospital site, and BRCA results. Relative-level variables examined include: gender and degree of relationship (first- or second-degree).&amp;#x2028; Results: Over 80% of women surveyed have responded to date (n = 151). Overall, 95% report sharing BRCA results with at least one relative, and 41% indicate that other relatives have received BRCA testing. Tables 1 and 2 show rates of telling relatives and of BRCA testing in relatives based on patient and relative characteristics. Although the proportion of BRCA carriers is similar at both sites (22% at the CCC and 20% at SFGH), relatives of SFGH patients are significantly less likely to pursue BRCA testing (p=0.001).&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusions: After BRCA testing, women are less likely to share results with male and second-degree relatives. The proportion of BRCA carriers is similar at SFGH and at the CCC. Rates of telling relatives of BRCA results are also similar at both sites. A large and significant disparity exists, however, in BRCA testing of relatives of women from SFGH (8% from SFGH vs. 47% from the CCC, p = 0.001). Future research will examine the reasons for low uptake of BRCA testing in this population, barriers to BRCA testing, and potential interventions. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1101.
A Comparison of Multimodal Therapy and Surgery for Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Thomas N. Walsh, Noirin Noonan, Donal Hollywood, Alan Kelly, Napoleon Keeling, Thomas P.J. Hennessy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Uncontrolled studies suggest that a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy improves the survival of patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. We conducted a prospective, randomized trial comparing surgery alone with combined chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery.
IMPACT OF DRUG-ELUTING STENTS ON DISTAL VESSELS
Authors: Kohei Wakabayashi, Gary Mintz, Neil Weissman, Gregg Stone, Stephen Ellis, Eberhard Grube, John Ormiston, Mark Turco, Rajbabu Pakala, Ana Laynez Carnicero, Rafael Romaguera, Gabriel Sardi, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ELEVATED HYPEREMIC MICROVASCULAR RESISTANCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER CORONARY WALL SHEAR STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-OBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Parham Eshtehardi, Olivia Hung, Michel Corban, Lucas Timmins, David Molony, Sung Gyun Ahn, Bill Gogas, Yasir Bouchi, Wenjie Zeng, Faten Sebaali, Udit Joshi, Jon Suh, Don Giddens, Habib Samady
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Phase Ib study of vemurafenib in combination with irinotecan and cetuximab in patients with <i>BRAF</i>-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer and advanced cancers.
Authors: David S. Hong, Van Karlyle Morris, Badi Edmond El Osta, Siqing Fu, Michael J. Overman, Sarina Anne Piha-Paul, Vivek Subbiah, Bryan K. Kee, Apostolia Maria Tsimberidou, Ralph Zinner, David R. Fogelman, Jorge Bellido, Imad Shureiqi, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Scott Kopetz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

3511 Background: BRAF V600 mutations, present in 5-10% of patients (pts) with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), are poor prognostic markers and are associated with a low response to the combination of cetuximab (C) and irinotecan (I). Vemurafenib (V), an oral kinase inhibitor specific to mutated V600 BRAF, demonstrated a 5% response rate in a phase I trial of pts with BRAF-mutated mCRC. In vitro data in CRC cell lines has shown that blockade of mutated BRAF by vemurafenib triggers compensatory activation of EGFR. Inhibition of EGFR combined with vemurafenib results in synergistic cytotoxicity in preclinical models, which is further augmented by irinotecan. The safety and efficacy of the combination in pts with BRAF-mutated advanced malignancies have not been defined. Methods: In this 3+3 phase I study, pts with BRAF-mutated cancers received escalating doses of V in combination with C and I over a 14-day cycle. Responses were evaluated every 4 cycles by RECIST 1.1. Adverse events (AEs) were assessed by CTCAE 4.0. Results: Among 19 total pts treated on study, 18 pts have mCRC: 6 at dose level 1(DL) (V- 480mg PO BID, C-250 mg/m2 weekly and I- 180mg/m2 every 14 days), 6 at DL 2 (increased to V-720mg PO BID), and 6 at DL3 (V-960mg PO BID). Median age was 63 yrs (42-73yrs). One DLT was observed at each DL (arthralgia in 2 pts, diarrhea in 1 pt). The MTD was determined to be DL3 (V-960 mg PO BID, C-250 mg/m2 weekly, I-180mg/m2 every 14 days). The most common AEs were fatigue (94%), diarrhea (89%), nausea (83%), and rash (78%). Six of the 17 evaluable mCRC pts achieved a partial response (RR 35%). Median best response was a reduction of -20% (+21% to -100%) with median duration of response of 12.5 cycles (IQR, 5-17 cycles). Seven mCRC pts remain on study. Median PFS is 7.7 months. One pt came off study due to diarrhea before restaging. Preliminary PKs and PDs will be reported. Conclusions: The combination of V with I and C is well tolerated in pts with BRAF-mutated mCRC with the MTD at V-960 mg PO BID, C-250 mg/m2 weekly, I-180mg/m2 every 14 days. Responses were seen in 35% of evaluable mCRC pts. A US cooperative group randomized phase II trial of I and C with or without V in BRAF-mutated mCRC (SWOG 1406) is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT01787500.