tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5368: Increase in viral load, viral integration and gain of telomerase genes during uterine cervical carcinogenesis can be simultaneously assessed by the HPV MLPA-assay
Authors: Ernst-Jan M. Speel, Wendy Theelen, Michael Herfs, Martin Reijans, Guus Simons, Els V. Meulemans, Marcella M. Baldewijns, Frans CS Ramaekers, Joan Somja, Philippe Delvenne, Anton HN Hopman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most important risk factor in cervical carcinogenesis with high viral load, viral integration into the host genome, and gain of the telomerase-related genes TERT and TERC being factors associated with progression to cancer. A recently developed multiparameter HPV MLPA-assay (Theelen et al. Int J Cancer 2009, Epub Aug 26) that allows the simultaneous assessment of these factors was applied to a series of normal and (pre)malignant frozen uterine cervical samples, and tested for its ability to identify high grade cervical lesions with both high sensitivity and specificity. A total of 67 cervical samples from normal cervix, as well as different (pre)malignant stages was analysed by the MLPA-assay and validated by quantitative PCR, the PapilloCheck, and fluorescence in situ hybridization for the individual parameters. Only 5 out of 37 (14%) normal samples or low grade cervical lesions (CIN1 and condyloma) showed either a HPV16 viral load higher than 25 copies per cell, viral integration, and/or gain of one of the telomerase related genes, whereas for the high grade cervical lesions (CIN2/3 and squamous cell carcinoma) one or more of these parameters were found in 25 out of 30 cases (83%). As a result, the HPV MLPA-assay combines a sensitivity of 83% with a specificity of 86% in frozen cervical specimens, making it a valuable screening tool for cervical (pre)neoplasia. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5368.
P501GRK2 inhibition with small peptide improves cardiac function during heart failure
Authors: M Ciccarelli, D Sorriento, A Franco, A Anastasio, C Del Giudice, A Fusco, P Campiglia, B Trimarco, G Iaccarino
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Heart Failure (HF) is a complex disease characterized by progressive cardiac dilation and loss of ATP content needed to accomplish myocardial contractile function. GRK2 is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and binds receptors coupled to G proteins, such as β-adrenergic receptors (βAR) and it is involved in the pathophysiology of HF since its increased levels are associated with the unfavorable development of such disease. Here we tested the therapeutic effects of a small peptide, whose has demonstrated the ability to inhibit GRK2 activity in vitro, on animal model of HF. For this study, 8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were used and myocardial infarction (MI) of left ventricle was induced by means of a cryogen probe. Cardiac volume and function was assessed by Echocardiography pre- surgery and at 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks post MI, followed by terminal hemodynamic evaluation by catheterization with Millar pressure transducer. Also, 6 weeks after MI, mice were implanted with a micro osmotic pump set to deliver 0.24 mg/day of grk2 inhibitor for 2 weeks. Finally, mice were sacrificed and heart samples collected for β binding, cAMP and ATP assays. MI induced a significant increase in left ventricle diastolic dimension (LVDD) and reduction of Ejection Fraction (EF) respect to control (LVDD: 4.27 ± 0.23 vs 3.7±0.09 mm, EF : 35.9 ± 0.02 vs 57 ± 3.4 %, MI vs control) at 6 week post surgery. At 8 weeks post MI, treated group showed a significant amelioration of cardiac function (EF: 51.7 ± 4 vs 30.81 ± 1.68, MI+pump vs MI) and attenuation of cardiac remodeling respect to MI control group (LVDD: 3.96 ± 0.11 vs 4.9 ± 0.1 mm , MI+pump vs MI).These results were still effective at 10 week post MI, while hemodynamic evaluation showed a significant amelioration in left ventricle diastolic pressure ( LVDp :1±2.5 vs 14.3 ± 1 mmHg in MI treated respect to MI Control group) and contractility after isoproterenol intravenous infusion (Δ to basal: 4544±320 vs+3197±205, MI+pump vs MI) indicating an improved emptying and a preserved contractile reserve of left ventricle induced by treatment. GRK2 inhibitor treatment restored βAR density (55±1.02 vs 40±1.43 fmol/mg, MI+pump vs MI) and cAMP production (15.9±0.53 vs 8.59±0.85 pmol/mg, MI+pump vs MI). Moreover, ATP content was increased in the heart samples from the treated group respect to post-MI HF not treated group (19450±3259 vs 11036±1896, Fluorescence intensity). These results demonstrate that a small peptide inhibitor of GRK2 is an effective therapeutic strategy to recover functional, biochemical and energetic cardiac properties during HF.
Case 36-1997
Authors: Bruce E. Sands, Carolyn C. Compton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Presentation of CaseA 58-year-old man with ulcerative colitis was admitted to the hospital because of bloody stools and fever.The patient had been well until three years earlier, when diarrhea and hematochezia occurred, and a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was made. After four weeks of treatment with sulfasalazine, he felt well and subsequently required no medication. Three weeks before admission, loose, bloody stools recurred. A colonoscopic examination performed elsewhere showed evidence of active ulcerative colitis. Treatment with sulfasalazine was resumed, but a colonoscopic examination one week later revealed no improvement. Prednisone (20 mg daily) was added, and sulfasalazine was . . .
PTU-094 Should Liver Biopsies be Reported by Pathologists with a Subspecialist Interest in Hepatology?
Authors: B Krishnan, M Stares, H Rajabally, R D’Souza
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Histopathologists working in a district general hospital usually do not have a subspecialist interest in hepatology. Most district general hospitals have a gastroenterology service and local pathologists usually report liver biopsies. The Royal College of Pathologist (RCP) recommend that 'as minimal acceptable practise' a liver biopsy report should include the clinical diagnosis, biopsy size, overall architecture, degree of fibrosis, severity in chronic liver disease (staging/grading), a definitive diagnosis or discussion of the differential diagnosis. Appropriate negative findings (e.g. lack of iron overload or alpha-1-antitrypsin globules) should be documented in the report. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective analysis of all liver biopsies between January 2010 to February 2012 at two district general hospitals (Barnet and Chasefarm NHS trust) in North London was performed. Data was collected from medical records and electronic results. Our aim was to assess whether liver biopsies provided the clinician with adequate information about diagnosis. <h3>Results</h3> 107 liver biopsies were performed during this period under ultrasound guidance by a radiologist. Mean patient age was 62 years (Range 19 –90). The mean number of core biopsies per patient was 1.5 (range 1 – 6). 10.7% (10/107) of the report did not mention a clinical diagnosis. 30% (32/107) of the biopsy report did not have a definitive or a differential diagnosis about possible aetiology of underlying liver disease. However 98% (47/48) of patients with cancer had a diagnosis on histology. Only 53% (9/17) patients with chronic hepatitis had severity scoring (Ishak staging/grading). <h3>Conclusion</h3> About one third of liver biopsies did not have diagnosis or discussion about a differential diagnosis. This number goes up to 47.5% (28/59) if we exclude malignancies. 9/28 specimens were sent to a tertiary centre and reported by a liver pathologist who gave a definite or differential diagnosis in all cases. The mortality associated with percutaneous liver biopsy ranges between 0.13 and 0.33%. from an audit from UK district general hospital. With the advent of fibroscan there is less need to perform liver biopsies except in diagnosing malignancies or in hepatitis of unknown/unclear aetiology. From our study we conclude that non-cancer liver biopsies should be reported by pathologists with subspecialist interest in hepatology or the procedure should be performed in a tertiary hospital to give the clinician an accurate diagnosis to aid treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 3187: Regulation of androgen receptor expression through angiotensin 2 receptor in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Koji Hoshino, Hiroji Uemura, Hitoshi Ishiguro, Junichi Ohta, Shin-ichiro Yoshida, Yoji Nagashima, Takeshi Sasaki, Satoshi Umemura, Yoshinobu Kubota
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background We have investigated the involvement of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the development and progression of prostate cancer. Although the local RAS of prostate gland related to cell proliferation and angiogenesis has the potential in carcinogenesis of prostate, the detailed mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the effects of angiotensin 2 (Ang2) signal, especially through AT1 receptor (AT1R) in prostate cancer cells. Method Cell proliferations of prostate cancer, androgen dependent LNCaP and androgen independent DU145 cells, were examined after knocking down AT1R by AT1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. We confirmed the expression of AT1R, androgen receptor (AR) and its related proteins by Western blot analysis. Immunocytochemical staining of AR in LNCaP cells transfected with AT1R siRNA (LNCaP siRNA cells) was performed. We examined the promoter activities of AR and PSA in luciferase assay by transfection of AT1R siRNA. Result Cell proliferation of LNCaP siRNA and DU145 cells transfected with AT1R siRNA were decreased on 7 days by 75% and 52%, respectively. Western blot analysis showed the increase of cleaved PARP and survivin related to apoptosis. Interestingly, AR was dramatically suppressed in LNCaP siRNA cells. The flow cytometry of LNCaP siRNA cells showed G2 arrest or increase of apoptosis. In addition, PSA, COX2, NFκB, and c-myc expression were decreased in LNCaP siRNA cells. Luciferase assay showed that the activity of AR promoter or PSA promoter were inhibited by AT1R knocking down. In immunocytochemical staining, the suppression of AR translocation into nucleus by DHT was confirmed in LNCaP siRNA cells. Ang2 induced the cell proliferation associated with the enhancement of AR, PSA, and NFκB, and furthermore the activity of AR or PSA promoter. Discussion In this study, we focused on the involvement of RAS in the AR expression of prostate cancer cells. Knocking down AT1 receptor protein resulted in a significant inhibition of cell growth associated with a remarked decrease of AR protein. We also found that the expression level of AT1R could modulate the transcriptional level of AR by affecting c-myc and NFκB expression. Taken together, there seems to be a strong relationship between AR and Ang2-AT1R signals. These results indicate that the inhibition of AT1 receptor has a potential to influence the AR expression in prostate cells, presumably contributing to develop novel therapeutic agents for prostate cancer, especially hormone refractory cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3187.
Abstract 1851: Investigation of the Birt-Hogg-Dubé tumour suppressor gene (<i>FLCN</i>) in familial and sporadic colorectal cancer
Authors: Michael S. Nahorski, Derek Hk Lim, Lynn Martin, Johan JP Gille, Kirstin Mckay, Pauline K. Rehal, Martijn Ploeger, Maurice van Steensel, Ian P. Tomlinson, Farida Latif, Fred H. Menko, Eamonn R. Maher
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Birt-Hogg-Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an autosomal dominant multisystem disorder with skin (fibrofolliculomas or trichodiscomas), lung (cysts and pneumothorax) and kidney (renal cell carcinoma) tumours. Although colorectal neoplasia was reported initially to be part of the BHD phenotype, some recent studies have not confirmed this association. We undertook a series of clinical and laboratory studies to investigate possible relationships between colorectal neoplasia and the BHD gene (FLCN). Thus we investigated whether individuals with familial colorectal cancer of unknown cause might have unsuspected germline FLCN mutations, looked for somatic FLCN C8 tract mutations in microsatellite unstable sporadic colorectal cancers and assessed the risk of colorectal neoplasia and possible genotype-phenotype correlations in BHD patients. Although we found previously that germline FLCN mutations can be detected in ∼5% of patients with familial renal cell carcinoma, we did not detect germline FLCN mutations in 50 patients with familial non-syndromic colorectal cancer. Analysis of genotype-phenotype correlations for two recurrent FLCN mutations identified in a subset of 51 families with BHD demonstrated a significantly higher risk of colorectal neoplasia in c.1285dupC mutation (within the exon 11 C8 mononucleotide tract) carriers than in c.610delGCinsTA mutation carriers (χ2=5.78 P=0.016). Somatic frameshift mutations in the FLCN exon 11 C8 mononucleotide tract were detected in 23% of sporadic colorectal cancers with microsatellite instability suggesting that FLCN inactivation might contribute to colorectal tumourigenesis. Our findings suggest that the previously reported clinical heterogeneity for colorectal neoplasia may reflect allelic heterogeneity and the risk of colorectal neoplasia in BHD syndrome requires further investigation. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1851.
1058 THE REMODELING PROFILE OF STRUCTURAL PROTEINS INVOLVED LIVER FIBROSIS - EVALUATION OF NINE NOVEL BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX REMODELING
Authors: D.J. Leeming, E. Vassiliadis, I. Byrjalsen, M.J. Nielsen, S.S. Veidal, N. Barascuk, Y. He, X. Chen, Y. Wang, B. Vainer, Q. Zheng, M.A. Karsdal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
NCI to Test Natural Products From Korea
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article NCI to Test Natural Products From Korea Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 17, 6 September 1995, Page 1286, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.17.1286 Published: 06 September 1995
Transcranial Doppler Screening Among Children and Adolescents With Sickle Cell Anemia
Authors: Sarah L. Reeves, Brian Madden, Gary L. Freed, Kevin J. Dombkowski
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> With transcranial Doppler (TCD) screening, we can identify children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia who are at the highest risk of stroke. An accurate claims-based method for identifying children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia was recently developed and validated that establishes the necessary groundwork to enable large population-based assessments of health services utilization among children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia using administrative claims data. <h3>Objective</h3> To assess the feasibility of using administrative claims data to identify and describe the receipt of TCD screening among children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia and to characterize opportunities for intervention. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Retrospective cross-sectional study using Medicaid claims data from 2005 to 2010. Medicaid claims data were obtained from the following states: Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, South Carolina, and Texas. Children and adolescents 2 to 16 years of age with sickle cell anemia were identified by the presence of 3 or more Medicaid claims with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia within a calendar year (2005-2010). A total of 4775 children and adolescents contributed 10 787 person-years throughout the study period. Data were analyzed in 2015. A subset of children and adolescents enrolled for 2 or more consecutive years was identified to examine potential predictors of TCD screening, which included age, sex, previous receipt of TCD screening, state of residence, and health services utilization (well-child visits, outpatient visits, emergency department visits, and inpatient visits). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Receipt of TCD screening was assessed by year and state. Using logistic regression with generalized estimating equations, we included associated predictors in a multivariable model to estimate odds of TCD screening. <h3>Results</h3> For a total of 4775 children and adolescents 2 to 16 years of age, TCD screening rates increased over the 6-year study period from 22% to 44% (<i>P</i> &lt; .001); rates varied substantially across states. A subset of 2388 children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia (50%) was enrolled for 2 or more consecutive years. Each year of increasing age was associated with 3% lower odds of TCD screening (odds ratio, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.95-0.98];<i>P</i> = .002). Previous receipt of TCD screening (odds ratio, 2.44 [95% CI, 2.11-2.81];<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and well-child visits (odds ratio, 1.10 [95% CI, 1.03-1.18];<i>P</i> = .007) were associated with higher odds of receiving a TCD screening. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Despite national recommendations, TCD screening rates remain low. Successful strategies to improve TCD screening rates may capitalize on the numerous health care interactions among children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia.
Demonstration on Tl-201 Scan of a Pelvic Lymph Node Metastasis from Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: CHIA-HUNG KAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Received for publication January 16, 2002. Accepted May 24, 2002. Reprint requests: Chia-Hung Kao, Department of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan. E-mail: [email protected]
Multiple Myeloma Showing Increased Accumulation of Tc-99m Hexamethylpropylene Amine Oxime on Brain SPECT
Authors: TORU TAKESHITA, TATSURO KAMINAGA, YOSHIRO KIKUCHI, SHIGERU FURUI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

TAKESHITA, TORU M.D.; KAMINAGA, TATSURO M.D.; KIKUCHI, YOSHIRO M.D.; FURUI, SHIGERU M.D. Author Information
Quinian bootstrapping or Fodorian combination? Core and constructed knowledge of number
Authors: Elizabeth S. Spelke
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract According to Carey (2009), humans construct new concepts by abstracting structural relations among sets of partly unspecified symbols, and then analogically mapping those symbol structures onto the target domain. Using the development of integer concepts as an example, I give reasons to doubt this account and to consider other ways in which language and symbol learning foster conceptual development.
PTH-099 External Shockwave Lithotripsy (eswl) Of Pancreatic Calculi Improves Pain Related To Chronic Calcific Pancreatitis
Authors: K Kandiah, SF Neong, P Vlavianos, D Bansi, M Hanna, D Westaby
Journal: Gut (2014)

Introduction Chronic calcific pancreatitis is associated with the development of pancreatic ductal calculi. The calculi can lead to the blockage of the pancreatic duct which can increase the pressure in the duct causing pain. Removal of pancreatic calculi is conventionally done using endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatiocography (ERCP). However, removal of large pancreatic calculi may not be amenable using ERCP alone. External shockwave lithotripsy has been successfully used to target and fragment large calculi located in the head or body of the pancreas. The fragmented calculi can be extracted by subsequent ERCP. Methods We conducted a retrospective case-control study. We identified a cohort of patients who underwent ESWL followed by ERCP for the clearance of large calculi in the pancreatic duct and a cohort who were treated conventionally with ERCP +/- pancreatic duct stenting over a 15-month period from 22 August 2012 to 21 November 2013 in a tertiary hepatopancreatobiliary centre. The medical notes, endoscopy reports and radiological imaging of these patients were reviewed retrospectively to assess the success of achieving ductal clearance and the improvement in abdominal pain. Results We identified 9 patients who underwent ESWL followed by ERCP and a same number of matched controls. Complete ductal clearance following ESWL/ERCP was 6 (66.7%) and partial in 3 (33.3%). 1 patient required 2 sessions of ESWL. Following ESWL/ERCP, 4 (44%) patients had no pain, 4(44%) had mild to moderate pain and 1 had severe pain. In the control group, 2 had no pain, 2 had mild to moderate pain and the rest still experienced severe pain. There were no complications following ESWL. Conclusion ESWL combined with ERCP is safe and efficient in providing symptomatic relief for patients with large pancreatic calculi related to chronic pancreatitis. It can be offered as first line therapy in select patients with large pancreatic calculi. References 1 Tandan M, Reddy DN, Santosh D, Reddy V, Koppuju V, Lakhtakia S, Gupta R, Ramchandani M, Rao GV. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy of large difficult common bile duct stones: efficacy and analysis of factors that favor stone fragmentation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2009:24:1370–1374 2 Ellis RD, Jenkins AP, Thompson RP, Ede RJ. Clearance of refractory bile duct stones with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy. Gut 2000:47:728–731 3 Lawrence C, Siddiqi MF, Hamilton JN, Keane TE, Romagnuolo J, Hawes RH, Cotton PB. Chronic calcific pancreatitis: combination ERCP and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for pancreatic duct stones. South Med J 2010 Jun;103(6):505–8 Disclosure of Interest None Declared.
Cigarette Smoking and Respiratory Infections in a Class of Student Nurses
Authors: John L. Parnell, Donald O. Anderson, Claire Kinnis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE practice of cigarette smoking has been clearly related to chronic bronchitis,1 a condition marked not only by overproduction of bronchial secretions but also by disability from recurrent bacterial and viral infections.2 Although inhalation brings smoke into intimate contact with a similar type of epithelium in the nasopharynx, infections of the upper respiratory tract have not been related to smoking in the same unequivocal fashion as those of the lower.The frequency and severity of respiratory infections are most accurately determined by prospective studies of persons who will report for medical inspection at the first sign of a cold. This . . .