tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0237 The Use of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) in Patients with Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA): Analysis of Data from the Diagnostic and Classification Criteria for Vasculitis (DCVAS) Study
Authors: C. Ponte, A.F. Rodrigues, S. Prieto-González, M.A. Alba, R. Geraldes, A. Craven, A. Judge, P.C. Grayson, R. Suppiah, J. Robson, R.A. Watts, P.A. Merkel, M.C. Cid, R.A. Luqmani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Extracranial involvement in GCA, or "large-vessel GCA", has been described in 30-80% of cases, varying according to the imaging modality performed. PET is a sensitive test to detect extracranial inflammation (reported in up to 83% of the cases) and an association between the intensity of FDG uptake and clinical and laboratory features, such as acute phase reactants, has been described. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the proportion of positive PET amongst patients with a diagnosis of GCA who were included in the DCVAS study, a multinational observational study to develop diagnostic criteria and update classification criteria for primary vasculitis, and to explore the relationship between the presence of increased FDG uptake and different clinical and laboratory findings. <h3>Methods</h3> We included all patients recruited into DCVAS through September 2014 with a submitted diagnosis of GCA and 6-month follow-up data who underwent PET/PET-CT. A positive PET was defined as increased FDG-uptake in large vessels. We accepted the limitation of not knowing the reason for requesting the scan or the previous duration and dose of glucocorticoid treatment. Clinical features of patients with positive or negative PET were compared using Chi-square or Fisher exact tests; laboratory results and demographic features were analysed through logistic regression models <h3>Results</h3> GCA was diagnosed in 442 patients; 87 (19.7%) underwent PET/PET-CT: 71 (81.6%) showed a positive result. The mean age in the positive PET group was 68.7±9.2 years vs. 71.5±9.0 years in the negative PET group, p=0.290. The table shows that new-onset headache was less frequent in patients with positive PET (p=0.004), but no significant associations were found with other common clinical features of GCA. Of 87 patients who underwent PET, only 49 performed TAB (31 with positive result); 46 of these 87 (52.9%) patients met the ACR classification criteria and were significantly more likely to having a negative PET (p=0.014). Logistic regression models showed no significant associations between ESR or CRP values and the presence of FDG uptake (p=0.374; p=0.17). <h3>Conclusions</h3> PET is an increasingly utilized test for patients with GCA and is positive in a large percentage of cases. Patients with GCA and a positive PET frequently did not have a positive TAB result or fulfil ACR criteria for GCA, suggesting that PET may be useful in cases where diagnosis is uncertain and/or PET has expanded the range of patients that experts label as having GCA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Early Childhood Developmental Status in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: National, Regional, and Global Prevalence Estimates Using Predictive Modeling
Authors: Dana Charles McCoy, Evan D. Peet, Majid Ezzati, Goodarz Danaei, Maureen M. Black, Christopher R. Sudfeld, Wafaie Fawzi, Günther Fink
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Background The development of cognitive and socioemotional skills early in life influences later health and well-being. Existing estimates of unmet developmental potential in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are based on either measures of physical growth or proxy measures such as poverty. In this paper we aim to directly estimate the number of children in LMICs who would be reported by their caregivers to show low cognitive and/or socioemotional development. Methods and Findings The present paper uses Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) data collected between 2005 and 2015 from 99,222 3- and 4-y-old children living in 35 LMICs as part of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) and Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) programs. First, we estimate the prevalence of low cognitive and/or socioemotional ECDI scores within our MICS/DHS sample. Next, we test a series of ordinary least squares regression models predicting low ECDI scores across our MICS/DHS sample countries based on country-level data from the Human Development Index (HDI) and the Nutrition Impact Model Study. We use cross-validation to select the model with the best predictive validity. We then apply this model to all LMICs to generate country-level estimates of the prevalence of low ECDI scores globally, as well as confidence intervals around these estimates. In the pooled MICS and DHS sample, 14.6% of children had low ECDI scores in the cognitive domain, 26.2% had low socioemotional scores, and 36.8% performed poorly in either or both domains. Country-level prevalence of low cognitive and/or socioemotional scores on the ECDI was best represented by a model using the HDI as a predictor. Applying this model to all LMICs, we estimate that 80.8 million children ages 3 and 4 y (95% CI 48.1 million, 113.6 million) in LMICs experienced low cognitive and/or socioemotional development in 2010, with the largest number of affected children in sub-Saharan Africa (29.4.1 million; 43.8% of children ages 3 and 4 y), followed by South Asia (27.7 million; 37.7%) and the East Asia and Pacific region (15.1 million; 25.9%). Positive associations were found between low development scores and stunting, poverty, male sex, rural residence, and lack of cognitive stimulation. Additional research using more detailed developmental assessments across a larger number of LMICs is needed to address the limitations of the present study. Conclusions The number of children globally failing to reach their developmental potential remains large. Additional research is needed to identify the specific causes of poor developmental outcomes in diverse settings, as well as potential context-specific interventions that might promote children's early cognitive and socioemotional well-being.
Influence of Sex and Sex Hormones on Development of Hepatomas and Other Hepatic Lesions in Strain A × C Rats Ingesting 2-Diacetylaminofluorene<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">2</xref>
Authors: H P MORRIS, H I FIRMINGER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Influence of Sex and Sex Hormones on Development of Hepatomas and Other Hepatic Lesions in Strain A × C Rats Ingesting 2-Diacetylaminofluorene Get access Harold P. Morris, Harold P. Morris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harlan I. Firminger Harlan I. Firminger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 4, February 1956, Pages 927–949, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.4.927 Published: 01 February 1956 Article history Received: 05 August 1955 Published: 01 February 1956
Tumor necrosis factor: still a promising agent.
Authors: E Frei, D Spriggs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.3.291 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2645383 Tumor necrosis factor: still a promising agent. E Frei 3rdxE Frei 3rdSearch for articles by this author , D SpriggsxD SpriggsSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.3.291 First Page PDF © 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Psychoanalytic teaching in medical education
Authors: G A Melchiode
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The author sent a questionnaire to directors of medical student education in psychiatry to determine the role of psychoanalytic concepts in medical education. Practically all of the 66 respondents indicated that psychodynamic theory had been incorporated into major required courses. More than half considered the concepts of defense mechanism countertransference, transference, and dynamic unconscious necessary to general education. The author concludes that psychoanalytic principles will continue to provide a unique view into illness behavior and the doctor-patient relationship.
AR-V7 Protein in Circulating Tumor Cells—The Decider for Therapy?
Authors: R. B. Montgomery, Stephen R. Plymate
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
OP0014-PARE From Design to Implementation – Patient and Public Involvement in an Nihr Research Programme in Osteoarthritis in Primary Care
Authors: A. Higginbottom, C. Jinks, J. Bird, C. Rhodes, S. Blackburn, K. Dziedzic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> An NIHR funded research programme of linked studies to optimise the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in primary care embedded Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) throughout. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe PPI involvement throughout a large five-year research programme in OA. <h3>Methods</h3> PPI followed the INVOLVE framework with projects nested throughout the research cycle. Research User Group (RUG) members helped to shape the development of the research programme, which included a new model of primary care consultations for OA.<sup>1</sup> A PPI co-applicant was named in the programme grant submission. During the research programme, a dedicated OA RUG was formed from existing members of the RUG to contribute to all aspects of the programme. The PPI was funded from the programme grant and supported by a dedicated PPI team. PPI members sat on Steering Committees or advisory groups for individual studies. PPI ranged from designing and managing clinical trials; advising on the interventions; developing information and questionnaires for patients; generating training material for GPs and practice nurses; and reporting findings. <h3>Results</h3> PPI views on the development of the OA research programme influenced guidance for patients on self-managing OA and the development of a guidebook about living with OA. The guidebook became a central component of the research programme. PPI members helped interpret patients9 views about self-managing OA, which influenced the interventions. Other key achievements included: 1) taking part in a consensus study to devise a model GP consultation for OA (later trialled), 2) developing a questionnaire to assess the quality of primary care consultations for OA, 3) advising on the content and wording of study questionnaires, 4) understanding and interpreting data collected from patients with OA and depression, 5) taking part in a video used to train GPs and practice nurses in the new consultation model, 6) presenting research programme findings at conferences; and 7) a journal article about the development of the OA guidebook.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Conclusions</h3> PPI provided a meaningful contribution to shaping, delivering and evaluating a complex research programme. The final programme report to the funder (NIHR) has a dedicated section on the contribution of PPI to the development, design, conduct and implementation of the research. <h3>References</h3> Grime and Dudley. Health Expect. 2014 Apr;17(2):164-73. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This presentation presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Programme Grants for Applied Research Programme (Grant Reference Number: RP-PG-0407-10386). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Inhibition of DNA Synthesis by Carcinogens in Human Colon Mucosa in Organ Culture
Authors: K M Mak, G I Slater, M B Hoff
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

The capability of carcinogens with different modes of action to affect replicative DNA synthesis in the human colon was tested with the use of organ culture of histologically normal mucosae from patients undergoing colectomy for colon cancer or diverticulosis. 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine, an organotropic carcinogen for the colon in rodents, inhibited DNA synthesis of mucosa at a concentration of 3.0 mM but not at 1.5 mM. Methylazoxymethanol acetate, a proximate carcinogen, inhibited DNA synthesis at a concentration of 1.5 mM. N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), a direct-acting carcinogen, inhibited DNA synthesis at a concentration of 0.5 mM. No tissue toxicity was observed at the doses of these carcinogens used. The procarcinogen benzo[a]pyrene, which is not organotropic for the colon, caused no inhibition of DNA synthesis in colon explants at concentrations of 0.01--0.05 mM. These data indicate that replicative DNA synthesis in the human colon is most sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the direct-acting carcinogen MNNG.
Soundings: Language unbecoming
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Early one morning I was almost the only passenger—sorry, customer—in the carriage as the train left Edinburgh. “I will look after you, sir,” said the young steward with a faint accent. “I will keep serving complimentary coffee. When you are pissed off, let me know and I will stop.”

Charmed, I hadn't the heart to explain that in first class we become “replete,” not “pissed off.” I assumed he was European—unlike most train staff, who are British, or most pub staff, who nowadays are Australian. One of the many good things about antipodean barpersons is they rarely swear at the clientele.

Our hospitals too used to be full of young Australians—but, increasingly, junior doctors are from mainland Europe. A nursing colleague commented that they were good clinicians and excellent record keepers. The only trouble was the swearing. She had recently had to rebuke one for using bad language in front of a patient.

I can sympathise with that doctor. Anyone coming here to learn colloquial English is likely to end up—how you say?—bloody confused. British bookshops are full of the works of Irvine Welsh. Our films, however frothy, are scattered with four-letter words, and even the BBC loses its gentility after 9 pm.

Foul language has spread from Billingsgate to Hampstead and from low tavern to smart bistro. I find it appalling to hear a well dressed woman effing into a mobile phone or—the other day in our hospital corridor—a dad chatting to his little daughter with throwaway obscenities.

Maybe it's being a gynaecologist that makes me so fastidious. Centuries ago, oaths used to be religious. “Cor blimey” (“God blind me”) or “'Od's bodkins” (translation mercifully obscure) must once have had great shock value, carrying a real risk of damnation. Nowadays all our swear words relate to pelvic anatomy and physiology. Paradoxically, the only place guaranteed free of them is the gynaecology clinic.

Or perhaps it's my age. As an enfant terrible on committees I used to swear from time to time with what I imagined was telling effect. A grey beard makes this inappropriate, and looking back I doubt that it was ever necessary. Nowadays I have to do it alone in the car, like everyone else.
Relevance of specific IgE antibody titer to the prevalence, severity, and persistence of asthma among 19-year-olds in northern Sweden
Authors: Matthew S. Perzanowski, Eva Ronmark, Hayley R. James, Linnea Hedman, Alexander J. Schuyler, Anders Bjerg, Bo Lundback, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Detention and rearrest rates of persons found not guilty by reason of insanity and convicted felons
Authors: R A Pasewark, M L Pantle, H J Steadman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors compared 42 men and 8 women who had been found not guilty by reason of insanity with a group of subjects who had been convicted of a felony (matched in criminal offenses, age, education, marital status, previous arrests, and sex). They found that the acquitted subjects spent significantly less time in the hospital than the matched subjects spent in prison. They also found that about the same number of acquitted subjects who had been released from the hospital were rearrested as were control subjects who had been released from prison. Many more acquitted subjects were rehospitalized than were released control subjects. There appears to have been a change in detention patterns after a switch to the American Law Institute rule and a greater role for the Department of Mental Hygiene in acquittees' hospitalizations.
P2-113: High-LET radiation activate apoptotic signaling through Bak/Bax and JNK in low-LET radiation resistant NSCLC cells
Authors: Kristina Viktorsson, Sara Ståhl, Ada-Irina Radulescu, Birgitta Mörk, Bo Stenerlöw, Rolf Lewensohn
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Effect of Croton Oil on Induction of Tumors by 1,2-Benzanthracene, Desoxycholic Acid, or Low Doses of 20-Methylcholanthrene in Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>2</sup></xref>
Authors: Michael Klein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Journal Article Effect of Croton Oil on Induction of Tumors by 1,2-Benzanthracene, Desoxycholic Acid, or Low Doses of 20-Methylcholanthrene in Mice Get access Michael Klein Michael Klein Research Fellow National Cancer Institute4Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 2, October 1952, Pages 333–341, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.2.333 Published: 01 October 1952 Article history Received: 24 March 1952 Published: 01 October 1952
Mucolytic Enzyme Systems. XII. Hyaluronidase in Human and Animal Tumors, and Further Studies on the Serum Hyaluronidase Inhibitor in Human Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Lawrence B. Kiriluk, M. D., Arnold J. Kremen, M. D., David Glick, Ph. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1950)

Mucolytic Enzyme Systems. XII. Hyaluronidase in Human and Animal Tumors, and Further Studies on the Serum Hyaluronidase Inhibitor in Human Cancer Get access Lawrence B. Kiriluk, M. D., Lawrence B. Kiriluk, M. D. fellow in surgery Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arnold J. Kremen, M. D., Arnold J. Kremen, M. D. assistant professor of surgery Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Glick, Ph. D. David Glick, Ph. D. associate professor of physiological chemistry Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 4, February 1950, Pages 993–1000, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.4.993 Published: 01 February 1950 Article history Received: 27 January 1950 Published: 01 February 1950
PWE-048 Dietary practices in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-food for thought
Authors: D Aggarwal, H Burns, JT Mclaughlin, JK Limdi
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> An epidemiological association implicating diet in IBD risk or protection is widely accepted.<sup>1</sup>Despite advances in aetio-pathogenesis, nutritional research has been limited by heterogeneity of study design, variability of diet, and difficulty in obtaining accurate longitudinal dietary data. Patients with IBD often make links to diet in clinical consultations, but there is a dearth of literature exploring dietary perceptions and practices in an IBD population.<sup>2</sup>The aim of the study was to evaluate dietary beliefs and behaviours in patients with IBD. <h3>Method</h3> We developed a 25-item questionnaire assessing demographics,dietary beliefs and habits,impact on social life and patients' use of resources for dietary advice. The questionnaire was prospectively administered to consecutive IBD patients attending our IBD clinics from September 2013 to February 2014. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 400 patients participated in the study. The mean age was 48.4 years; 55% were female and 88% Caucasian. Thirty-nine percent had Crohn's Disease and 51% had Ulcerative Colitis. The median disease duration was 8 years. Of the respondents, 48% felt that diet could be the initiating factor in IBD and 57% felt it could trigger a flare. Worsening of symptoms with certain food and drinks was reported by 60%, the commonest being spicy food (41%), fatty food (29%) and alcohol (21%). A minority (16%) reported improvement in symptoms with certain foods and 67% avoided certain foods to prevent relapse, with 20% never dining outside of home for fear of causing relapse. Seventy four percent of respondents believed that IBD affects appetite. On a visual analogue scale of 1–10, the difference between the mean scores outside and during relapse was 3.7 (8.0 vs. 4.3, p &lt; 0.0001). Fifty percent of respondents had never received any formal dietary advice, and 67% requested further dietary advice. After adjusting for other predictors, the IBD subtype and ethnicity of the patients remained as significant factors for influencing beliefs held by patients. The disease subtype,gender and age of the patient were significant determinants of the impact of IBD on appetite. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our study showed that patients hold beliefs pertaining to the role of diet in IBD, with a high level of consistency around key perceived triggers. Whether all the symptoms reported are due to active inflammation cannot be ascertained, but the potential exists for dietary components triggering active disease and perpetuating gut injury, impacting on quality of life and health care costs. This should serve as an impetus for further patient-centred research. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3728155/ Zallot C, <i>et al</i>. Dietary beliefs and behavior among inflammatory bowel disease patients. <i>Inflamm Bowel Dis</i>. 2013 Jan;19(1):66–72