tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
“Depoliticizing NIH”
Authors: Daniel S. Greenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

What did Joseph A. Califano, Jr., the new Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare, mean when he visited the National Institutes of Health on February 3 and pledged the "depoliticizing" of that great research institution?Whatever he meant, the pledge evoked a standing ovation from an overflow audience of some 600 NIH employees, many of whom evidently assumed that their workplace was now to be accorded a privileged, germ-free place in an otherwise grubby world.To a limited extent, that is what Mr. Califano had in mind, for the centerpiece of his talk was his announcement that a Ford appointee, . . .
Diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Authors: J Chrétien
Journal: BMJ (1966)

MEDICTRSHA 1281 colleagues8 found a similar incidence, though all their patients suffered from clinical diabetes.Assessing the incidence of diabetes in patients with gout on the basis of raised blood- sugar levels (either fasting or during glucose-tolerance tests), T. E. Weiss and colleagues9 found an incidence of 28% (compared with 19% in controls).These figures must be viewed in the light of the incidence of diabetes in the general population.In 1963, for example, a working party appointed by the College of General Practitioners reported in this journal that 6.2% of the population, and no fewer than 14.5 % of those over 50, were found to have a diabetic abnormality of the glucose-tolerance test.10From the results of the Diabetes Survey in Bedford, C. L.Sharp and colleagues11 estimate the overall national incidence of diabetes mellitus to be 12-14%.The incidence of gout in diabetic patients is also of interest.Both Whitehouse and Cleary and A. G. Beckett and J. G. Lewis7 found that 1% of their patients with diabetes mellitus had gout.In general populations of European stock about 0.5% are found to develop clinical gout,'2 1" and indeed the incidence of hyperuricaemia (above 6 mg. per 100 ml.) is as high as 13% in females and 4.6% in males.'2
METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer: Practical Guidelines for Acquisition, Interpretation, and Reporting of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging-based Evaluations of Multiorgan Involvement in Advanced Prostate Cancer
Authors: Anwar R. Padhani, Frederic E. Lecouvet, Nina Tunariu, Dow-Mu Koh, Frederik De Keyzer, David J. Collins, Evis Sala, Heinz Peter Schlemmer, Giuseppe Petralia, H. Alberto Vargas, Stefano Fanti, H. Bertrand Tombal, Johann de Bono
Journal: European Urology (2016)

Comparative reviews of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography (CT; with different radiotracers) have shown that metastasis detection in advanced cancers is more accurate than with currently used CT and bone scans. However, the ability of WB-MRI and positron emission tomography/CT to assess therapeutic benefits has not been comprehensively evaluated. There is also considerable variability in the availability and quality of WB-MRI, which is an impediment to clinical development. Expert recommendations for standardising WB-MRI scans are needed, in order to assess its performance in advanced prostate cancer (APC) clinical trials. To design recommendations that promote standardisation and diminish variations in the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of WB-MRI scans for use in APC. An international expert panel of oncologic imagers and oncologists with clinical and research interests in APC management assessed biomarker requirements for clinical care and clinical trials. Key requirements for a workable WB-MRI protocol, achievable quality standards, and interpretation criteria were identified and synthesised in a white paper. The METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer guidelines were formulated for use in all oncologic manifestations of APC. Uniformity in imaging data acquisition, quality, and interpretation of WB-MRI are essential for assessing the test performance of WB-MRI. The METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer standard requires validation in clinical trials of treatment approaches in APC. METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer represents the consensus recommendations on the performance, quality standards, and reporting of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging, for use in all oncologic manifestations of advanced prostate cancer. These new criteria require validation in clinical trials of established and new treatment approaches in advanced prostate cancer.
Family History Of Hematologic Malignancies and Disorders In a Population Based Study Of Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)
Authors: Angela R. Smith, Erica D. Warlick, Rachel K. Fonstad, Michelle A. Roesler, Jenny N. Poynter, Betsy Hirsch, Phuong L. Nguyen, Adina Cioc, Julie A Ross
Journal: Blood (2013)
Double-Balloon Enteroscopy: Preliminary Experience in Patients with Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding or Chronic Abdominal Pain
Authors: A May, L Nachbar, A Wardak, H Yamamoto, C Ell
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Background and Study Aims: Even in the era of capsule endoscopy, diseases of the small bowel are sometimes difficult to diagnose, and endoscopic treatment is not possible without surgical laparotomy. The new method of carrying out enteroscopy using a double-balloon technique allows not only diagnostic but also therapeutic endoscopic interventions for lesions in the small bowel. Preliminary experience with this new method is reported here. Patients and Methods: Between the end of March 2003 and August 2003, eight patients (four women, four men; mean age 59 ± 23 years, range 20 - 90) with chronic gastrointestinal bleeding or abdominal pain, or both, underwent enteroscopy using the double-balloon technique. Seven of the patients had been suffering from chronic gastrointestinal bleeding for 56 ± 49 months (range 3 - 120 months, median 48 months). The lowest hemoglobin levels ranged from 3.6 g/dl to 8.6 g/dl (mean 6.7 ± 1.7 g/dl), and a mean of 7.6 ± 5.6 (range 1 - 15) blood units had been transfused. Capsule endoscopy was carried out in six patients, revealing angiodysplasias in three, suspected Crohn’s disease in one, fresh blood in the small bowel without a lesion in one, and a focal enanthema in another patient. Results: Enteroscopy with the double-balloon technique was carried out using the oral approach in all patients and additionally with the anal approach in four patients. In two patients with multiple angiodysplasias, it was possible to examine the whole small bowel and to treat the angiodysplasias. All of the capsule endoscopy findings were confirmed; a definite bleeding source was found and treated in two patients with unclear bleeding, and in another patient the real bleeding source was found (not angiodysplasia). The enteroscopy system was easy to handle in all cases. No complications occurred. It was possible to carry out the procedure with the patients under sedoanalgesia. Conclusions: This new enteroscopy system is easy to handle and seems to be safe. Visualization of the whole small bowel is possible using both the oral and anal approaches. Enteroscopy with the double-balloon technique promises to become a standard method for diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy of the small bowel without surgical laparotomy.
Health Impacts of Climate Change in Pacific Island Countries: A Regional Assessment of Vulnerabilities and Adaptation Priorities
Authors: Lachlan McIver, Rokho Kim, Alistair Woodward, Simon Hales, Jeffery Spickett, Dianne Katscherian, Masahiro Hashizume, Yasushi Honda, Ho Kim, Steven Iddings, Jyotishma Naicker, Hilary Bambrick, Anthony J. McMichael, Kristie L. Ebi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Between 2010 and 2012, the World Health Organization Division of Pacific Technical Support led a regional climate change and health vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning project, in collaboration with health sector partners, in 13 Pacific island countries-Cook Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.We assessed the vulnerabilities of Pacific island countries to the health impacts of climate change and planned adaptation strategies to minimize such threats to health.This assessment involved a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques. The former included descriptive epidemiology, time series analyses, Poisson regression, and spatial modeling of climate and climate-sensitive disease data, in the few instances where this was possible; the latter included wide stakeholder consultations, iterative consensus building, and expert opinion. Vulnerabilities were ranked using a "likelihood versus impact" matrix, and adaptation strategies were prioritized and planned accordingly.The highest-priority climate-sensitive health risks in Pacific island countries included trauma from extreme weather events, heat-related illnesses, compromised safety and security of water and food, vector-borne diseases, zoonoses, respiratory illnesses, psychosocial ill-health, non-communicable diseases, population pressures, and health system deficiencies. Adaptation strategies relating to these climate change and health risks could be clustered according to categories common to many countries in the Pacific region.Pacific island countries are among the most vulnerable in the world to the health impacts of climate change. This vulnerability is a function of their unique geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic characteristics combined with their exposure to changing weather patterns associated with climate change, the health risks entailed, and the limited capacity of the countries to manage and adapt in the face of such risks. Citation: McIver L, Kim R, Woodward A, Hales S, Spickett J, Katscherian D, Hashizume M, Honda Y, Kim H, Iddings S, Naicker J, Bambrick H, McMichael AJ, Ebi KL. 2016. Health impacts of climate change in Pacific island countries: a regional assessment of vulnerabilities and adaptation priorities. Environ Health Perspect 124:1707-1714; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1509756.
Case 9-1965
Authors: Ronald A. Malt, John B. Blennerhassett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Presentation of CaseAn eighty-one-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of vomiting.For forty years he had experienced episodic abdominal pain that was ascribed to peptic ulceration. Nine years before admission he was seen in the Medical Clinic because of abdominal pain. Physical examination was negative except for pallor. The hemoglobin was 6.7 gm. per 100 ml., and the white-cell count was 6400, with 65 per cent neutrophils, 23 per cent lymphocytes, 1 per cent eosinophils and 11 per cent monocytes; the platelets appeared normal, and there was moderate hypochromia of the red cells. The patient refused admission . . .
Over-the-scope-clip two-side closure of a coloduodenal fistula caused by a dislocated prosthesis of the pancreatic duct
Authors: Hans-Juergen Richter-Schrag, Andreas Fischer
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

The over-the-scope clip (OTSC; Ovesco Endoscopy, Tübingen, Germany) represents a technological advance in endoscopic devices and has made possible the treatment of emergency bleeding and the endoscopic closure of perforations, leaks, and fistulas of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract [1] [2]. However, available studies indicate that there are three factors with a statistically significant relationship to long-term success with this device: type of defect, primary versus rescue therapy, and chronicity of the defect. Furthermore, OTSC placement for fistula closure has had significantly lower long-term clinical success rates than placement for perforations and leaks [3].
Response to phenelzine among depressed patients with features of hysteroid dysphoria
Authors: A Kayser, D S Robinson, A Nies, D Howard
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

A 21-item questionnaire eliciting features of hysteroid dysphoria was administered to 51 depressed outpatients. Of the 47 patients who completed a 6-week double-blind study comparing the efficacy of amitriptyline and phenelzine, 14 had questionnaire scores greater than or equal to 13 (high score) and 33 had scores less than 13 (low score). Nine of nine high-score patients responded to phenelzine; only three of five high-score patients responded to amitriptyline. Low-score patients responded equally well to either drug (79% improved). These findings suggest that some depressed patients have features of hysteroid dysphoria and that these patients respond preferentially to phenelzine.
Suicide
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2005)

SuicideS uicide (self-inflicted death) occurs in all parts of the world.Suicide causes about half of all deaths due to violence.Approximately 1 million persons die each year worldwide from suicide.Suicide is the third leading cause of death among persons aged 15 to 24 years in the United States, following unintentional injuries and homicide.Suicide is often preventable.Warning signs are often present, and individuals who talk about killing themselves must be taken seriously.Mental illness is present in most persons who die by suicide.Treating these mental illnesses can help to decrease the number of deaths by suicide.Suicide affects not only the person who dies but also his or her entire social structure-family, friends, and acquaintances.The May 25, 2005, issue of JAMA includes a report of surveys about suicidal thoughts and behaviors in persons living in the United States.
Immunization of Rous Sarcoma Virus-Inoculated Marmosets With BCG and Transformed Allogeneic Cells2
Authors: V. Schauf, R. Massey, F. Deinhardt, R. Kruse
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Immunization of Rous Sarcoma Virus-Inoculated Marmosets With BCG and Transformed Allogeneic Cells Get access V. Schauf, V. Schauf Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Massey, R. Massey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. Deinhardt, F. Deinhardt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Kruse R. Kruse Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 1975, Pages 151–155, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/54.1.151 Published: 01 January 1975 Article history Received: 03 July 1974 Accepted: 27 September 1974 Published: 01 January 1975
Occurrence of Visceral Lymphomatosis in Chickens Inoculated With Rous Sarcoma Virus
Authors: B R BURMESTER, W G WALTER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

In 3 experiments involving 760 line 151 chickens, inoculation with high dilutions of a standard preparation Rous sarcoma virus by the intravenous route caused not only Rous sarcoma but also a significant incidence of visceral lymphomatosis and erythroblastosis during the 70 to 270 days after inoculation. Rous sarcoma and visceral lymphomatosis also occurred in contact chickens, but none of the total of 99 chickens of the same source and hatches that were raised in cubicles by themselves developed any neoplasm.
The Mask
Authors: Rachel R. Osborn
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum Stability and Affinity Optimization of an M2 Macrophage-Targeting Peptide (M2pep)
Authors: Chayanon Ngambenjawong, Heather H. Gustafson, Julio M. Pineda, Nataly A. Kacherovsky, Maryelise Cieslewicz, Suzie H. Pun
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major stromal component of the tumor microenvironment in several cancers. TAMs are a potential target for adjuvant cancer therapies due to their established roles in promoting proliferation of cancer cells, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We previously discovered an M2 macrophage-targeting peptide (M2pep) which was successfully used to target and deliver a pro-apoptotic KLA peptide to M2-like TAMs in a CT-26 colon carcinoma model. However, the effectiveness of in vivo TAM-targeting using M2pep is limited by its poor serum stability and low binding affinity. In this study, we synthesized M2pep derivatives with the goals of increasing serum stability and binding affinity. Serum stability evaluation of M2pepBiotin confirmed its rapid degradation attributed to exolytic cleavage from the N-terminus and endolytic cleavages at the W10/W11 and S16/K17 sites. N-terminal acetylation of M2pepBiotin protected the peptide against the exolytic degradation while W10w and K(17,18,19)k substitutions were able to effectively protect endolytic degradation at their respective cleavage sites. However, no tested amino acid changes at the W10 position resulted in both protease resistance at that site and retention of binding activity. Therefore, cyclization of M2pep was investigated. Cyclized M2pep better resisted serum degradation without compromising binding activity to M2 macrophages. During the serum stability optimization process, we also discovered that K9R and W10Y substitutions significantly enhanced binding affinity of M2pep. In an in vitro binding study of different M2pep analogs pre-incubated in mouse serum, cyclic M2pep with K9R and W10Y modifications (cyclic M2pep(RY)) retained the highest binding activity to M2 macrophages over time due to its improved serum stability. Finally, we evaluated the in vivo accumulation of sulfo-Cy5-labeled M2pep and cyclic M2pep(RY) in both the CT-26 and 4T1 breast carcinoma models. Cyclic M2pep(RY) outperformed M2pep in both tumor localization and selective accumulation in M2-like TAMs. In conclusion, we report cyclic M2pep(RY) as our lead M2pep analog with improved serum stability and M2 macrophage-binding activity. Its enhanced utility as an in vivo M2-like-TAM-targeting agent was demonstrated in two tumor models, and is expected to be applicable for other tumor models or in models of M2 macrophage-related diseases.
Dysregulation of c-Myb Pathway by Aberrant Expression of Proto-oncogene <i>MYB</i> Provides the Basis for Malignancy in Adult T-cell Leukemia/lymphoma Cells
Authors: Kazumi Nakano, Kaoru Uchimaru, Atae Utsunomiya, Kazunari Yamaguchi, Toshiki Watanabe
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive human T-cell malignancy induced by human T-lymphotrophic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection. The genetic alterations in infected cells that lead to transformation have not been completely elucidated, thus hindering the identification of effective therapeutic targets for ATL. Here, we present the first assessment of MYB proto-oncogene dysregulation in ATL and an exploration of its role in the onset of ATL.We investigated the expression patterns of MYB splicing variants in ATL. The molecular characteristics of the c-Myb-9A isoform, which was overexpressed in ATL cells, were examined using chromatin immunoprecipitation and promoter assays. We further examined the biologic impacts of abnormal c-Myb overexpression in ATL using overall c-Myb knockdown with shRNA or c-Myb-9A knockdown with morpholino oligomers.Both total c-Myb and c-Myb-9A, which exhibited strong transforming activity, were overexpressed in ATL cells in a leukemogenesis- and progression-dependent manner. Knockdown of either total c-Myb or c-Myb-9A induced ATL cell death. c-Myb transactivates nine genes that encode essential regulators of cell proliferation and NF-κB signaling. c-Myb-9A induced significantly stronger transactivation of all tested genes and stronger NF-κB activation compared with wild-type c-Myb.Our data demonstrate that c-Myb pathway overactivation caused by unbalanced c-Myb-9A overexpression is associated with disorders in cellular homeostasis and consequently, accelerated transformation, cell proliferation, and malignancy in ATL cells. These data support the notion of the c-Myb pathway as a promising new therapeutic target for ATL. Clin Cancer Res; 22(23); 5915-28. ©2016 AACR.
Breast cancer metastatic to the choroid.
Authors: H A Hahm, N E Davidson, J K Giguere, C DiBernardo, S O'Reilly
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.6.2280 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9626232 Breast cancer metastatic to the choroid. H A HahmxH A HahmSearch for articles by this author , N E DavidsonxN E DavidsonSearch for articles by this author , J K GiguerexJ K GiguereSearch for articles by this author , C DiBernardoxC DiBernardoSearch for articles by this author , S O'ReillyxS O'ReillySearch for articles by this author Show More Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.6.2280 First Page PDF © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology