tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression and function of IL-1R8 (TIR8/SIGIRR), a regulatory member of the IL-1 receptor family in platelets
Authors: Achille Anselmo, Federica Riva, Stefania Gentile, Cristiana Soldani, Marialuisa Barbagallo, Cristina Mazzon, Francesca Feruglio, Nadia Polentarutti, Paolo Somma, Pierluigi Carullo, Claudio Angelini, Monica Bacci, Grazia Loredana Mendolicchio, Antonio Voza, Manuela Nebuloni, Alberto Mantovani, Cecilia Garlanda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2016)

Aims Platelets express functional interleukin-1 receptor-1 (IL-1R1) as well as a repertoire of toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in platelet activation, platelet–leucocyte reciprocal activation, and immunopathology. IL-1R8, also known as single Ig IL-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) or TIR8, is a member of the IL-1R family that negatively regulates responses to IL-1R family members and TLRs. In the present study, we addressed the expression of IL-1R8 in platelets and megakaryocytes and its role in the control of platelet activation during inflammatory conditions and thromboembolism. Methods and results Here, we show by flow cytometry analysis, western blot, confocal microscopy, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction that IL-1R8 is expressed on human and mouse platelets at high levels and on megakaryocytes. IL-1R8-deficient mice show normal levels of circulating platelets. Homotypic and heterotypic (platelet–neutrophil) aggregation triggered by Adenosine DiPhosphate (ADP) and IL-1 or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was increased in IL-1R8-deficient platelets. IL-1R8-deficient mice showed increased soluble P-selectin levels and increased platelet–neutrophil aggregates after systemic LPS administration. Commensal flora depletion and IL-1R1 deficiency abated platelet hyperactivity and the increased platelet/neutrophil aggregation observed in Il1r8−/− mice in vitro and in vivo, suggesting a key role of IL-1R8 in regulating platelet TLR and IL-1R1 function. In a mouse model of platelet-dependent pulmonary thromboembolism induced by ADP administration, IL-1R8-deficient mice showed an increased frequency of blood vessel complete obstruction. Conclusion These results show that platelets, which have a large repertoire of TLRs and IL-1 receptors, express high levels of IL-1R8, which plays a non-redundant function as a regulator of thrombocyte activity in vitro and in vivo.
HG-56HISTONE K27M MUTATION IN A SERIES OF CENTRALLY REVIEWED DIFFUSE INTRINSIC PONTINE GLIOMA (DIPG): CONSISTENCY WITH MRI FEATURES
Authors: Manila Antonelli, Piergiorgio Modena, Veronica Biassoni, Elisabetta Schiavello, Lorenza Gandola, Monika Warmuth-Metz, Bianca Pollo, Francesca R. Buttarelli, Marzia Giagnacovo, Silvia Berni, Felice Giangaspero, Maura Massimino
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

In DIPG, since tumor tissue is not routinely obtained, the diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical and radiological findings and therefore an accurate evaluation of MRI features is mandatory.We reviewed 22 cases with available tumor tissue from institutional DIPG series in the last 20 years, to assess concordance between radiological, pathological and molecular data.We evaluated 17 cases by immunohistochemistry (IHC) for H3F3A K27M, H3K27me3 and EZH2.Moreover, in 20 cases we performed sequencing to detect H3F3A/HIST1H3B histonic mutations K27M/G34R-V.Median age at diagnosis was 8 years, median symptoms duration less than 3 months and overall survival accounted for 11 months.After external and blind reevaluation of MRI, all but one lesion were consistent with DIPG.All tumors were located mainly in the pons and hypo-or iso-intense on T1 and hyperintense on T2 sequences.In 16/17 (94%) assessable cases H3F3A K27M was expressed and concordantly had lowered/absent H3K27me3 expression.In 14/ 20 (70%) cases H3F3A/HIST1H3B K27M mutation was present.Among the 15 cases evaluated by both IHC and sequencing, 12 (80%) harboured K27M mutation.The non-DIPG case identified upon MRI re-evaluation because of bulbar and not pontine origin did not express H3F3A K27M by IHC and was K27M wild-type.There was no significant difference in EZH2 expression between K27M mutant and wild-type DIPG.In conclusion we demonstrate the high frequency of H3F3A/HIST1H3B mutations by IHC and sequencing in DIPG when accurate MRI features evaluation is performed, thus confirming the consistency of imaging with biological markers.
Forensic Stomatology
Authors: Reidar F. Sognnaes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Forensic evaluation of oral conditions has shown that dentists can help the medical and legal professions solve problems of identification and serve the interest of justice, both in civil and in criminal litigations. To illustrate recent developments related to forensic odontology, I am aware of two new forensic handbooks,1 , 2 three student textbooks,3 4 5 one forensic-stomatology textbook (in Russian)6 and an international bibliographic listing,7 enumerating subject titles from various branches of the forensic sciences, including odontology. Within the space limitations of this Medical Progress series, the present review will deal with representative references to reasonably available journal articles originating from various parts . . .
Brain Peptides
Authors: Dorothy T. Krieger, Joseph B. Martin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

THE demonstration that a number of peptides are localized in the brain has resulted in major new developments in neuroendocrinology and the neurosciences. The surprise and disbelief occasioned by early reports of hypothalamic releasing hormones located in extrahypothalamic sites and of the presence of pituitary and gastrointestinal hormones in the brain have given way to attempts to determine the role of each peptide in the central nervous system (CNS). The concept of peptide secretion by neurons was first promulgated by Ernst and Berta Scharrer four decades ago.1 It should be noted that the concept of a substance acting as both . . .
Human amniotic fluid antibodies protect the neonate against respiratory syncytial virus infection
Authors: Shamir R. Jacobino, Maaike Nederend, Marije Hennus, Michiel L. Houben, Joan O. Ngwuta, Marco Viveen, Frank E.J. Coenjaerts, C. Erik Hack, R.J. Joost van Neerven, Barney S. Graham, Louis Bont, Jeanette H.W. Leusen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
HG-84SODIUM VALPROATE POTENTIATES CARBOPLATIN INDUCED CYTOTOXICITY SUPPORTING ITS USE AS AN ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC FOR THE TREATMENT OF DIPG
Authors: Clare Killick-Cole, Alison Bienemann, Marcella Wyatt, Lisa Boulter, Daniel Asby, William Singleton, Neil Barua, Steven Gill
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Treatment of diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains an unmet clinical need.Despite continued efforts chemotherapeutic advances have failed to impact prognosis.Several reports have shown histone deacetylase inhibitors Overall survival
Renal function and lithium: a longitudinal study
Authors: J R DePaulo, E I Correa, D G Sapir
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Forty lithium-treated manic-depressive patients underwent two renal function assessments 6 to 18 months apart to assess the course of renal function changes associated with lithium therapy. No change in glomerular filtration rate was noted. Although the average 24-hour urine volume increased significantly, large increases occurred in few patients. Most patients had no substantial urine volume change, and a few had decreases. The changes were correlated with serum lithium levels. The results suggest that the majority of patients develop little renal concentrating impairment, while a small proportion of patients become more polyuric with further lithium treatment.
Reliability of urinary monoamine and metabolite output measurements in depressed patients
Authors: M Linnoila, F Karoum, T Miller, W Z Potter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors measured urinary monoamines and their metabolite outputs in 12 unmedicated depressed patients. Output of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol and vanillylmandelic acid proved to be relatively stable from one sample to another. An average of at least two measures provided data with a meaningful reliability for normetanephrine, serotonin, and homovanillic acid output. Output of dopamine, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and phenylethylamine was highly variable over time.
HER2/neu overexpression/amplification in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients (pts): Correlation with clinicopathological parameters
Authors: C. Ballestín, F. López-Rios, L. Vicioso, F. Burgos, M. Adrados, S. Nieto, J. A. López García-Asenjo, M. Mayorga, S. Luna, C. Gómez-Martín
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15046 Background: HER2/neu protein is overexpressed in several types of human cancers. Its amplification is associated with poor prognosis and constitutes a predictive factor of response to therapy. In this phase II study, we investigate the correlation between the HER2/neu overexpression/amplification and clinicopathological characteristics of AGC pts. Objective: To prospectively determine the frequency of HER2/neu expression and to evaluate the relationship with clinicopathological characteristics in AGC pts. Methods: HER2/neu expression/amplification has been examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). HER2/neu has been considered overexpressed if: IHC=3; IHC=2 and FISH+ or FISH+. Clinical stage, prior therapies, tumor localization and histological characteristics have been also recorded. Results: Between Feb/2004 and Dec/2006, 181 pts have been tested for HER2/neu status. 132 (73%) males, median age 66 yrs (r-29–83). 24 (13.5%) pts were HER2/neu +. At screening, metastatic disease was the most frequent clinical stage (163, 91.1% vs 16, 8.9% locoregional advanced), being mainly localized in liver (45.3%), lymph nodes (41.4%), peritoneum (28.2%). 88 pts underwent prior surgery, 19 pts received adjuvant irradiation and 24 prior chemotherapy (21 pts adjuvant, 4 neoadjuvant). Primary tumor localization was 140 (79.5%) gastric and 33 (18.8%) gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). HER2/neu overexpression was found in 10.9% of tumors with gastric localization and in 24.2% of GEJ tumors (p=0.084). Adenocarcinoma was the histological type in 98% cases (34.9% diffuse, 43.2% intestinal, 0.6% mucoid, 21.3% unknown subtype). No statistically significant relationship was found between HER2/neu expression and histological subtype (7% type diffuse, 18.1% type intestinal, 13.9% unknown; p=0.186). Conclusions: HER2/neu overexpression/amplification was found in 13.5%. There were no significant correlation of HER2/neu overexpression/amplification with both tumor localization and histological subtype. The study is ongoing. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Enzymatic Deamination of Deoxyadenylic and Adenylic Acids by Normal and Cancerous Rat Liver Tissues&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Silvio Fiala, Harold E. Kasinsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

To obtain information of the possible role of the enzymatic deamination of 5′-deoxyadenylic (dAMP) and 5′-adenylic acids (AMP) in rat liver carcinogenesis, the process was studied by a combination of polarographic, spectrophotometric, and paper chromatographic methods on homogenates and isolated subcellular fractions of normal rat liver, cancerous liver, and Novikoff tumor. Mouse Sarcoma 180 was also included. Whereas the homogenates quickly deaminated both AMP and dAMP in all cases, none of the purified subcellular particulate fractions alone could deaminate these nucleotides. The combination of supernatant and cytoplasmic elements (mitochondria and microsomes) did deaminate AMP and dAMP. 5′-Deoxyinosinic acid (dIMP) or 5′-inosinic acid (IMP) was never found in liver or tumor preparations while deoxyadenosine (dA), deoxyinosine (dl), hypoxanthine (in dAMP deamination) and inosine (I), hypoxanthine (in AMP deamination) were detected. There was a sufficient parallel between dephosphorylation and deamination of both nucleotides to warrant the conclusion that the enzymatic deaminations of AMP and dAMP in rat liver and liver tumors are brought about by the action of two enzymes: a phosphatase in the subcellular granules and adenosine (A) deaminase in the supernatant. The reactions are dAMP→dA→dI and AMP→A→I. The more rapid deamination of both nucleotides by tumor tissue is not due to increased levels of nucleotide-deaminase activity in tumors, but solely to the greater cell number per unit of weight in tumor as against corresponding normal tissue. In 3′-methyl-4- dimethylaminoazobenzene (3′-Me-4-DAB) carcinogenesis, however, the increased rate of A deamination was found to be a reversible phenomenon pertaining to the metabolism of the dye.
Treating Total Occlusions: Applying Force for Recanalization
Authors: Aimee Sakes, Evelyn Regar, Jenny Dankelman, Paul Breedveld
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2016)

Goal: The aim of this review was to analyze and review the state of the art devices for the endovascular treatment of chronic and acute total occlusions in the different vascular beds (coronary, peripheral, carotid, and intracranial arteries) based on the forces exerted on the occlusion during treatment. Methods: The literature search was executed in the databases of Scopus and Espacenet. Overall, 120 patents and 49 articles have been reviewed and categorized. Results: The identified treatment tools were divided into three treatment modalities: compression, resection, and conversion. A further subdivision was made based on the force direction, i.e., axial, radial, tangential, or energy conversion process (dissolving or state change). Conclusion: The working principles of the identified treatment tools relate strongly to the (biomechanical) properties of the occlusion and environment. In order to increase procedural success, especially in chronic occlusions, the applied force should be increased by applying buckling prevention methods, the penetration force decreased by smart tip design or dynamic loading, and the energy dissipation to the environment minimized. Significance: Insight in the working principles of the treatment tools and their effect on the environment can in future aid designers to overcome current challenges and develop new, innovative treatment tools.
Reliability of the Part II board certification examination in psychiatry: examination stability
Authors: J F McDermott, P E Tanguay, S C Scheiber, D Juul, J H Shore, G J Tucker, L McCurdy, L C Terr
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The aim of this study was to examine the reliability (examination stability) of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN) Part II (oral) examination in psychiatry.The authors analyzed the consistency (agreement between grades given by two independent examiners) for a 1-year examination cycle using a weighted kappa statistic and compared different parts of the examination (live patient and videotape), different examination sites, different days, and different times of the day.There was no significant difference in agreement between examiners by different parts of the examination, examination site, day of the week, or time of day.The stability of the Part II ABPN examination in psychiatry is not influenced significantly by the format or site of administration. Candidate performance is the predominant factor in the determination of passing or failing grades.
'Did you have flu last week?’ A telephone survey to estimate a point prevalence of influenza in the Swedish population
Authors: L Payne, S Kühlmann-Berenzon, K Ekdahl, J Giesecke, L Högberg, P Penttinen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

Sentinel surveillance usually underestimates the true burden of influenza in a population, as individuals must present to medical establishments to be included in the surveillance system. We carried out a telephone survey to estimate the national burden of influenza in the Swedish population for one week during the 2004/05 influenza season. Fixed-line telephone numbers were randomly sampled and households interviewed concerning influenza illness between 14-20 February 2005 (Week 7 of 2005). Questions regarding seasonal influenza vaccination status, symptoms and the impact of illness on daily life were also included. A self-defined influenza prevalence of 7.7% in week 7 of 2005 was estimated. On applying a case definition of 'cough and fever and muscle pain' for influenza like illness, the prevalence decreased to 3.6%. The survey provided insight into the burden of illness in the population further to that estimated through the sentinel surveillance system.
Communication between psychiatrists.
Authors: W Bettschart
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Communication between PsychiatristsUntil the middle of the eighteenth century, long before psychiatry crystallized out as a specialty in its own right, physicians rubbed along with a vague and woolly nosology of diseases attributable to disorders of the mind.Treatment then was entirely arbitrary, so that accurate diagnosis was of academic importance only.From the end of the nineteenth century onwards the terra incognita was systematically explored by dedicated car-
Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Carboplatin plus Docetaxel in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Combined Analysis of Two Cohorts
Authors: Priyanka Sharma, Sara López-Tarruella, Jose Angel García-Saenz, Claire Ward, Carol S. Connor, Henry L. Gómez, Aleix Prat, Fernando Moreno, Yolanda Jerez-Gilarranz, Augusti Barnadas, Antoni C. Picornell, Maria del Monte-Millán, Milagros Gonzalez-Rivera, Tatiana Massarrah, Beatriz Pelaez-Lorenzo, María Isabel Palomero, Ricardo González del Val, Javier Cortes, Hugo Fuentes Rivera, Denisse Bretel Morales, Iván Márquez-Rodas, Charles M. Perou, Jamie L. Wagner, Joshua M.V. Mammen, Marilee K. McGinness, Jennifer R. Klemp, Amanda L. Amin, Carol J. Fabian, Jaimie Heldstab, Andrew K. Godwin, Roy A. Jensen, Bruce F. Kimler, Qamar J. Khan, Miguel Martin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Recent studies demonstrate that addition of neoadjuvant (NA) carboplatin to anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy improves pathologic complete response (pCR) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Effectiveness of anthracycline-free platinum combinations in TNBC is not well known. Here, we report efficacy of NA carboplatin + docetaxel (CbD) in TNBC. Experimental Design: The study population includes 190 patients with stage I–III TNBC treated uniformly on two independent prospective cohorts. All patients were prescribed NA chemotherapy regimen of carboplatin (AUC 6) + docetaxel (75 mg/m2) given every 21 days × 6 cycles. pCR (no evidence of invasive tumor in the breast and axilla) and residual cancer burden (RCB) were evaluated. Results: Among 190 patients, median tumor size was 35 mm, 52% were lymph node positive, and 16% had germline BRCA1/2 mutation. The overall pCR and RCB 0 + 1 rates were 55% and 68%, respectively. pCRs in patients with BRCA-associated and wild-type TNBC were 59% and 56%, respectively (P = 0.83). On multivariable analysis, stage III disease was the only factor associated with a lower likelihood of achieving a pCR. Twenty-one percent and 7% of patients, respectively, experienced at least one grade 3 or 4 adverse event. Conclusions: The CbD regimen was well tolerated and yielded high pCR rates in both BRCA-associated and wild-type TNBC. These results are comparable with pCR achieved with the addition of carboplatin to anthracycline–taxane chemotherapy. Our study adds to the existing data on the efficacy of platinum agents in TNBC and supports further exploration of the CbD regimen in randomized studies. Clin Cancer Res; 23(3); 649–57. ©2016 AACR.
Receptor interacting protein 3 protects mice from high‐fat diet‐induced liver injury
Authors: Sanjoy Roychowdhury, Rebecca L. McCullough, Carlos Sanz‐Garcia, Paramananda Saikia, Naim Alkhouri, Ammar Matloob, Katherine A. Pollard, Megan R. McMullen, Colleen M. Croniger, Laura E. Nagy
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Multiple pathways of programmed cell death are important in liver homeostasis. Hepatocyte death is associated with progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and inhibition of apoptosis partially protects against liver injury in response to a high‐fat diet (HFD). However, the contribution of necroptosis, a caspase‐independent pathway of cell death, to HFD‐induced liver injury is not known. Wild‐type C57BL/6 and receptor interacting protein (RIP) 3 −/− mice were randomized to chow or HFD. HFD‐fed C57BL/6 mice increased expression of RIP3, the master regulator of necroptosis, as well as phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain‐like, an effector of necroptotic cell death, in liver. HFD did not increase phosphorylated mixed lineage kinase domain‐like in RIP3 −/− mice. HFD increased fasting insulin and glucose, as well as glucose intolerance, in C57BL/6 mice. RIP3 −/− mice were glucose‐intolerant even on the chow diet; HFD further increased fasting glucose and insulin but not glucose intolerance. HFD also increased hepatic steatosis, plasma alanine aminotransferase activity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and hepatocellular apoptosis in wild‐type mice; these responses were exacerbated in RIP3 −/− mice. Importantly, increased inflammation and injury were associated with early indicators of fibrosis in RIP3 −/− compared to C57BL/6 mice. Culture of AML12 hepatocytes with palmitic acid increased cytotoxicity through apoptosis and necrosis. Inhibition of RIP1 with necrostatin‐1 or small interfering RNA knockdown of RIP3 reduced palmitic acid‐induced cytotoxicity. Conclusion : Absence of RIP3, a key mediator of necroptosis, exacerbated HFD‐induced liver injury, associated with increased inflammation and hepatocyte apoptosis, as well as early fibrotic responses; these findings indicate that shifts in the mode of hepatocellular death can influence disease progression and have therapeutic implications because manipulation of hepatocyte cell death pathways is being considered as a target for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. (H epatology 2016;64:1518‐1533)