tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-002 The use of plasmajet as a novel technique for tissue dissection in complex abdominal surgery: Abstract PTU-002 Table 1
Authors: C Chan, A Hotouras, O Chaudhury, A Minicozzi
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The PlasmaJet system is a unique novel technology that utilises argon gas that is electrically excited into a plasma state. This argon plasma energy is highly focused in a beam that disperses rapidly with distance therefore causing minimal deep thermal tissue injury, unlike all other electrical devices such as diathermy, argon plasma coagulator or harmonic scalpel. <h3>Method</h3> The plasma stream that leaves the tip of the device releases kinetic, light and thermal energy that changes with distance and angulation to the tissue. These last two variables influence the dissection properties of the PlasmaJet. The closer the tip of device is to the tissue and the more acute the angulation, the greater is the kinetic and thermal energy stream, which produces to greater tissue separation and dissection. <h3>Results</h3> Plasmajet subjectively allows for easier and more efficient division of routine but also fibrotic “hostile” adhesions which would otherwise have been extremely difficult even with scalpel dissection. PlasmaJet appears to cause less bleeding compared to conventional dissection techniques, but needs formal evaluation. Plasmajet can be used across the spectrum of coloproctology (see Table 1). Inadvertent tissue injury can occur, and was noted in 1/97 major complex colorectal procedures. The complication was an enterotomy identified intra-operatively and repaired with no post-operative sequelae. No post-operative mortality was seen. A small number of collections (≥3 cm fluid diameter) were noted but were not significantly higher than unit data. <h3>Conclusion</h3> PlasmaJet represents a new surgical modality for efficient precise tissue dissection. It should be considered for any re-operative abdominal case where dense adhesions maybe encountered. It has minimal thermal penetration and is therefore very safe. It provides the surgeon with another valuable tool to aid difficult dissection of tenacious adhesions under very challenging conditions thereby improving patient outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Roentgenologic Diagnosis of Ruptured Spleen
Authors: C. C. Wang, Laurence L. Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

RUPTURE of the spleen, a frequent acute abdominal condition characterized by symptoms and signs of internal hemorrhage and shock, necessitates surgical intervention, usually splenectomy. In a typical case, the diagnosis may often be made from the clinical history — for example, after trauma to the left lower part of the chest or upper abdomen, the patient may complain of pain in the left upper quadrant radiating to the left shoulder; this is the most common symptom of ruptured spleen. In certain other cases the condition may not be recognized immediately. This is particularly true when there is delayed rupture. In . . .
<i>Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana</i>Bacteremia in Inner-City Patients with Chronic Alcoholism
Authors: David H. Spach, Andrew S. Kanter, Molly J. Dougherty, Ann M. Larson, Marie B. Coyle, Don J. Brenner, Bala Swaminathan, Ghassan M. Matar, David F. Welch, Richard K. Root, Walter E. Stamm
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Bartonella (Rochalimaea) quintana is a fastidious gram-negative bacterium known to cause trench fever, cutaneous bacillary angiomatosis, and endocarditis. Between January and June 1993 in Seattle, we isolated B. quintana from 34 blood cultures obtained from 10 patients not known to be infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).After identifying the isolates as B. quintana by direct immunofluorescence and DNA-hybridization studies, we determined strain hybridization with studies of restriction-fragment-length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the intergenic spacer (noncoding) region of ribosomal DNA amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). To characterize the epidemiologic and clinical features of bartonella infections in these patients, we performed a retrospective case-control study using as controls 20 patients with blood cultures obtained at approximately the same time as those obtained from the index patients.B. quintana isolates from the 10 patients were indistinguishable by PCR-RFLP typing. All 10 patients had chronic alcoholism, and 8 were homeless (P = 0.001 for both comparisons with controls). The six patients who underwent HIV testing were seronegative. At the time of their initial presentation, seven patients had temperatures of at least 38.5 degrees C. Six patients had three or more blood cultures that were positive for B. quintana, and in four of these patients B. quintana was isolated from blood cultures obtained 10 or more days apart. Subacute endocarditis developed in two patients and required surgical removal of the infected aortic valve in one of them. Nine patients recovered; one died of sepsis from Streptococcus pneumoniae infection.B. quintana is a cause of fever, bacteremia, and endocarditis in HIV-seronegative, homeless, inner-city patients with chronic alcoholism.
Complementation Patterns of Thy-1 Variants and Evidence That Antigen Loss Variants “Pre-Exist” in the Parental Population 2
Authors: Robert Hyman, Valerie Stallings
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Complementation Patterns of Thy-1 Variants and Evidence That Antigen Loss Variants “Pre-Exist” in the Parental Population Get access Robert Hyman, Robert Hyman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Valerie Stallings Valerie Stallings Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 2, February 1974, Pages 429–436, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.2.429 Published: 01 February 1974 Article history Received: 22 June 1973 Accepted: 01 October 1973 Published: 01 February 1974
Oral Glucose Tolerance in Negro Men Deficient in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase
Authors: R. Bennett Eppes, George J. Brewer, Richard L. DeGowin, James V. McNamara, C. Larkin Flanagan, Stanley L. Schrier, Alvin R. Tarlov, Robin D. Powell, Paul E. Carson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

CHANMUGAM and Frumin1 have recently reported abnormal responses to oral glucose tolerance tests in adults with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.1 The abnormal responses included diabetic glucose tolerance curves or elevated two-hour serum glucose levels in 11 of 13 G6PD-deficient subjects, all but 1 of whom were Negroes. These responses are not in accord with the results of standard oral glucose tolerance tests conducted with G6PD-deficient Negro men at this laboratory during the past ten years. In this report we present the results of these tests and of additional studies carried out to compare the metabolism of glucose in G6PD-deficient and . . .
178P: Continuation of ceritinib beyond disease progression is associated with prolonged post-progression survival (PPS) in ALK+ NSCLC
Authors: D. Tan, G. Liu, D.-W. Kim, M. Thomas, E. Felip, J. Signorovitch, J. Zhang, T. Szczudlo, A.T. Shaw
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Hepatic artery chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: yet more controversy.
Authors: P D Schneider
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1993.11.10.2052 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8410133 Hepatic artery chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: yet more controversy. P D SchneiderxP D SchneiderSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1993.11.10.2052 First Page PDF © 1993 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A phase II study of sunitinib in recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma: A trial of the Princess Margaret Hospital, The University of Chicago, and California Cancer Phase II Consortia.
Authors: R. Correa, H. Mackay, H. W. Hirte, R. Morgan, S. Welch, G. F. Fleming, L. Wang, C. Blattler, S. P. Ivy, A. M. Oza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5038 Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression in EC correlates with poor outcome, thus targeting VEGF is a rational therapeutic approach. We have conducted a two-stage open-label phase II study in advanced EC with sunitinib, an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor of multiple VEGF receptors. Methods: Thirty four eligible pts with recurrent or metastatic EC who had received up to 1 prior chemotherapy (CT) regimen for metastatic disease have been treated with sunitinib is 50 mg daily (OD) for 4 consecutive weeks followed by 2 weeks off. Dose could be reduced to 37.5 mg qd and then 25 mg qd in the setting of toxicity. Imaging was repeated every 12 wks. Primary objectives are objective response rate (ORR by RECIST) and rate of 6-month progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives are time to progression (TTP), overall survival (OS) and safety. Results: Study is on hold having completed accrual. Of the 34 patients accrued and treated, data is currently available for 30 of the pts (median age: 66 range: 41-83). ECOG PS was 0 (10 pts), 1 (18 pts), or 2 (2 pt). Histology was endometrioid (21 pts), serous (6), carcinosarcoma (3). Most pts had high-grade histology (G3:15; G2:4; G1:5; NA:6).19 pts had prior adjuvant CT; of them, 12 pts had 1 prior CT for advanced EC and 9 pts had prior radiotherapy. 77 cycles of sunitinib (median; 2 range: 1-14) have been administered. Of the 20 patients evaluable for response (5 patients inevaluable, 9 patients pending information), partial response was achieved by 3 pts (ORR = 15%), and 5 other pts had a best response of stable disease; 4 of these pts remained progression-free ≥ 6 months. Median TTP = 2.53 months (95% CI:2.47-NR) and median OS = 19 months (95% CI: 5.1-NR). Grade 3/4 adverse events (AE) in > 10% of pts were fatigue (12 pts, 40%) and hypertension (6 pts, 20%). At least 1 dose reduction was required for 18 of 30 pts (60%). Two pts were inevaluable after receiving < 2 cycles due to AE (grade 4 hyponatremia; grade 3 fatigue) and 1 other pt has yet to complete 2 cycles. Conclusions: Sunitinib has demonstrated activity in endometrial cancer and warrants further study No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coffee Drinking and Death Due to Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Charles H. Hennekens, Margaret E. Drolette, Mary Jane Jesse, John E. Davies, George B. Hutchison
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

For a series of 649 patients who died of coronary heart disease within 24 hours of onset of symptoms, and an equal number of neighborhood controls, information was obtained on a large number of variables, including coffee consumption. An analysis using multivariate risk scores to control for all available variables yields a maximum likelihood estimate of the risk ratio associated with coffee drinking of 1.1 (95 per cent two-sided confidence limits, 0.8 to 1.6). The estimate of the risk ratio depends somewhat on the number and nature of variables controlled for in the analysis. Overall, our findings, limited to low-risk and middle-risk patients, suggest that the risk, if any, of death from coronary heart disease associated with coffee drinking is small.
A bioavailable cathepsin S nitrile inhibitor abrogates tumor development
Authors: Richard D. A. Wilkinson, Andrew Young, Roberta E. Burden, Rich Williams, Christopher J. Scott
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2016)

Cathepsin S has been implicated in a variety of malignancies with genetic ablation studies demonstrating a key role in tumor invasion and neo-angiogenesis. Thus, the application of cathepsin S inhibitors may have clinical utility in the treatment of cancer. In this investigation, we applied a cell-permeable dipeptidyl nitrile inhibitor of cathepsin S, originally developed to target cathepsin S in inflammatory diseases, in both in vitro and in vivo tumor models. Validation of cathepsin S selectivity was carried out by assaying fluorogenic substrate turnover using recombinant cathepsin protease. Complete kinetic analysis was carried out and true K i values calculated. Abrogation of tumour invasion using murine MC38 and human MCF7 cell lines were carried out in vitro using a transwell migration assay. Effect on endothelial tube formation was evaluated using primary HUVEC cells. The effect of inhibitor in vivo on MC38 and MCF7 tumor progression was evaluated using cells propagated in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice respectively. Subsequent immunohistochemical staining of proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (TUNEL) was carried out on MCF7 tumors. We confirmed that this inhibitor was able to selectively target cathepsin S over family members K, V, L and B. The inhibitor also significantly reduced MC38 and MCF7 cell invasion and furthermore, significantly reduced HUVEC endothelial tubule formation in vitro. In vivo analysis revealed that the compound could significantly reduce tumor volume in murine MC38 syngeneic and MCF7 xenograft models. Immunohistochemical analysis of MCF7 tumors revealed cathepsin S inhibitor treatment significantly reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis. In summary, these results highlight the characterisation of this nitrile cathepsin S inhibitor using in vitro and in vivo tumor models, presenting a compound which may be used to further dissect the role of cathepsin S in cancer progression and may hold therapeutic potential.
Proposed Mechanisms of Propranolol's Antihypertensive Effect in Essential Hypertension
Authors: John W. Hollifield, Kay Sherman, Roger Vander Zwagg, David G. Shand
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

We studied the antihypertensive effect of propranolol alone and in combination with diuretics in 13 patients with high, 18 with normal and nine with low-renin essential hypertension whose blood-pressure response to diuretics was previously established. Propranolol (160 mg daily) significantly lowered mean arterial pressure in high-renin (129 ± 2.6 to 114 ± 2.1 mm Hg) and normal-renin (131 ± 2.7 to 119 ± 3.5 mm Hg) patients but not in low-renin patients. A positive correlation (r = 0.36, P<0.05) between fall in pressure and fall in plasma renin activity occurred at this dose when the whole group was considered. An antihypertensive effect occurred in both high-renin and low-renin hypertension during large-dose (320 to 960 mg daily) propranolol therapy. This effect was independent of changes in plasma renin activity. The antihypertensive effects of propranolol and diuretics were additive in normal-renin and high-renin hypertension. These data suggest that propranolol's pressure-lowering activity is due to both renin-dependent and renin-independent effects. (N Engl J Med 295:68–73, 1976)
Mental Retardation in Methemoglobinemia Due to Diaphorase Deficiency
Authors: Philip J. Fialkow, J. Albert Browder, Robert S. Sparkes, Arno G. Motulsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

SEVERAL specific genetic lesions may result in congenital methemoglobinemia. Abnormal hemoglobins with mutations affecting alpha or beta globin near the site of heme attachment are found in most cases with a dominant mode of transmission.1 The biochemical defect in most cases of recessively inherited congenital methemoglobinemia is an almost complete deficiency of erythrocyte dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) or reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH), diaphorase activity.2 , 3 This enzyme functions with NADH as the principal agent reducing methemoglobin, which is constantly produced physiologically by the oxidation of hemoglobin. Gibson4 established the site of the metabolic defect and suggested that the reductase was a . . .
Effects of Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin on a Eunuchoidal Male
Authors: Bernard Lytton, Nathan Kase
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

OLIGOSPERMIA is a common clinical problem, affecting about 10 to 15 per cent of healthy males.1 Several factors responsible for the maintenance of normal spermatogenesis have been determined, but in most of the cases that occur in clinical practice no known cause can be elucidated, precluding any rational treatment. It is apparent that more information is required about the normal physiology of spermatogenesis.Heller and Nelson2 showed that spermatogenesis could be produced in eunuchoidal males by the use of chorionic gonadotrophin combined with biologic extracts having FSH (follicle-stimulating-hormone) activity. The use of human pituitary gonadotrophins to restore spermatogenesis in a . . .
Deinstitutionalization of the Chronically Mentally Ill
Authors: Jonathan F. Borus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Deinstitutionalization of the mentally ill has become the predominant public mental-health policy in most states. This policy has been supported by a curious political marriage of liberals, who decry the custodial-level care in state mental hospitals, and conservatives, who see the closing of expensive public institutions as an easy way to save tax dollars. Deinstitutionalization has been effected by discharging long-term inpatients from state hospitals and making it increasingly difficult to admit new patients. Over the past decade, it has resulted in the shift of the primary locus of clinical care in the public sector from traditional inpatient settings to . . .
Antihypertensive Drugs: Praise and Restraint
Authors: Samuel Proger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Edward D. Freis was a happy choice for the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Research. He received the Award for directing the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study Group on Antihypertensive Agents, which demonstrated that the treatment of patients with moderate or severe essential hypertension with antihypertensive agents would reduce the incidence of deaths from strokes and congestive heart failure when the blood pressure was kept within normal limits. The study that prompted the award was the latest of many dealing with the drug therapy of hypertension that Dr. Freis has conducted over the past quarter century. His work has shown again . . .
Loss of Transplantation Antigen in Primary Simian Virus 40-Induced Tumors and Their Metastases
Authors: Galina I. Deichman, Tatiana E. Kluchareva
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Cell suspensions, prepared from primary tumors induced by simian vacuolating virus (SV40) in 22 hamsters, and 17 lung metastases of these tumors were inoculated into adult normal hamsters and hamsters immunized with SV 40. The presence of specific tumor cell antigen responsible for immunity was studied. Some of the primary tumors were obtained from animals immunized by reinfection with SV 40 at the end of the latent period. All the tumors studied soon after their appearance in nonimmunized hamsters contained the transplantation antigen. However, the gradual loss of transplantation antigen, apparently due to the autoimmunization of the host, took place during the growth of the tumor. A direct correlation between the loss of specific antigen and the duration of tumor growth in immune organism confirms this point. The disappearance of antigen from the metastases is detected earlier than from the original tumor node. Immunization of hamsters at the latent period hastens the process of antigen loss, so that at the time the tumor appears, or soon after, the antigen is absent from some tumors. Preliminary data on the possible role of humoral Factors of immunity in the antigen loss are presented. The incidence of metastases in hamsters immunized during the latent period was the same as that for nonimmunized hamsters. Data on the tumor cell accumulation in macroscopically normal lung tissues of tumor-bearing immunized and non immunized hamsters are included.
A phase II comparative study of metformin plus first-line chemotherapy (CT) versus CT alone in HER2-negative, insulin-resistant (IR), nondiabetic metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
Authors: A. Gennari, O. Nanni, P. Bruzzi, A. De Censi, U. Pfeffer, R. Zamarchi, M. Maglie, L. Gianni, D. Amadori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

TPS134 Background: Along with its metabolic effects on glucose balance, insulin has also been shown to induce tumor proliferation either directly, or indirectly by affecting the levels of other modulators, such as insulin-like growth factors. Epidemiological studies have indicated that hyperinsulinemia is an adverse prognostic factor in MBC. This suggests that the insulin pathway plays a major role in BC prognosis and may represent a therapeutic target, especially in hyperinsulinemic patients. In this perspective, recent interest has focused on metformin, an oral insulin- sensitizing drug widely prescribed for type 2 diabetes; cheap and well tolerated, metformin has also been shown to retain direct antiproliferative properties in preclinical BC models. With these premises, the present study aims at exploring the impact of adding metformin to first line CT in IR MBC patients. Methods: This is a phase II comparative multicentric trial. Patients are randomized to AC (liposomal doxorubicin, 60 mg/sqm plus cyclofosfamide, 600mg/sqm) plus metformin (1,000 mg twice daily)or to AC. CT is administered for 8 3-weekly cycles in both arms; metformin is administered continuously, pos, until progression. Primary endpoint is progression free survival. Secondary objectives include activity, safety and changes in metabolic profile. Correlative studies will evaluate 1) modifications in circulating tumor cells, 2) modulation of insulin-related genes in mRNA isolated from CTCs. To detect a 4 month increase in the median time to progression (from 6 to 10 months) 112 patients (98 events) will be recruited over 24 months (alfa=10%, power = 80%). Insulin-resistant (defined by HOMA Index > 3.8), nondiabetic, MBC patients, with HER2-negative disease. As of November 2009, the study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Coordinating Center and is under approval in 25 Italian institutions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Ultrastructure of N -Dibutylnitrosamine-Induced Tumors of the Urinary Bladder in European Hamsters 2
Authors: Hildegard Reznik-Schüller, Ulrich Mohr
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Ultrastructure of N-Dibutylnitrosamine-Induced Tumors of the Urinary Bladder in European Hamsters Get access Hildegard Reznik-Schüller, Hildegard Reznik-Schüller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ulrich Mohr Ulrich Mohr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 5, May 1977, Pages 1383–1390, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.5.1383 Published: 01 May 1977 Article history Received: 13 July 1976 Accepted: 11 November 1976 Published: 01 May 1977
Incidental Detection of Ossifying Fibroma of the Frontal Sinus on 99mTc-MDP Bone Scan
Authors: Ruiguo Zhang, Junqi Wang, Shuang Xia, Jie Shen, Jian Tan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Sinonasal ossifying fibroma is rare and frequently occurs in young adulthood with a female predominance. We present a case of a 48-year-old man with a history of newly diagnosed lung cancer, referred for whole-body bone scan for evaluation of metastatic disease, which showed 2 focal intense areas of tracer uptake in the frontal sinus region without other abnormalities. SPECT/CT revealed the activities were located in the frontal sinus, associated with scattered calcifications and well-defined margins. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was ossifying fibroma.
Reply from Authors re: Giorgio Gandaglia, Alberto Briganti, Andrea Salonia, Francesco Montorsi. Excellent Erectile Function Recovery after Focal Therapy: Is This Enough? Eur Urol 2016;69:852–3
Authors: Tet Yap, Hashim U. Ahmed, Richard G. Hindley, Stephanie Guillaumier, Neil McCartan, Louise Dickinson, Mark Emberton, Suks Minhas
Journal: European Urology (2015)