tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-08-41: Prognostic contribution of mammographic breast density and HER-2 overexpression to the Nottingham prognostic index in patients with invasive breast cancer
Authors: A Masarwah, M Sudah, A Sutela, A Päivi, V Ritva
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: To examine the associations between very low mammographic breast density (VLD), HER2, ER and PR status in a more homogenized patient group within matched NPI categories. We also aimed to investigate whether those variables could be added to the NPI to enhance its prognostic and predictive values and better categorize which patients are at higher risk. Materials and methods: A total of 270 patients with invasive breast cancer were included in the final analysis. Patients with mammographic breast density of &amp;lt;10% were considered as VLD. We compared the performance of NPI with and without ER, PR , VLD and/or HER2. Factors first underwent univariate and then multivariate analysis to assess the factors combined until the best fit was obtained. Cox multivariate analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve (tdROC), concordance index (c-index) and prediction error (i.e. 0.632+ bootstrap estimator) were used to derive an updated version of NPI. Patients' survival was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method using a log rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Results: The average NPI value was 4.66 (range 2.12-7.40), the percentage of HER2 positive patients progressively increased from the low to the high prognostic groups of NPI (p&amp;lt;0.001). While MBD, ER and PR status showed no such difference in distribution. Patients showed survival differences in the intermediate and high risk groups of NPI according to VLD and HER2 status (p&amp;lt;0.001 and p=0.02, respectively). Outcome analysis showed that the addition of both factors combined provides improved patient outcome stratification superior to the traditional NPI helping to significantly decrease the percentage of patients in the intermediate patient groups. Conclusion: VLD breasts and HER2 positivity are prognostic factors for breast cancer independent of the NPI. Moreover, their addition to the NPI helps increase its prognostic accuracy and reduces the percentage of patients in the intermediate prognostic group. Citation Format: Masarwah A, Sudah M, Sutela A, Päivi A, Ritva V. Prognostic contribution of mammographic breast density and HER-2 overexpression to the Nottingham prognostic index in patients with invasive breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-41.
Abstract 4500: Nisin ZP, a food preservative, has antitumor potential for head and neck cancer and extends survival
Authors: Pachiyappan Kamarajan, Takayuki Hayami, Bibiana Matte, Yang Liu, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy, Francis P. Worden, Sunil Kapila, Yvonne Kapila
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The use of small antimicrobial agents or bacteriocins, like nisin, to treat cancer is a new approach that holds great promise. Nisin exemplifies this new approach because it has been used safely in humans for many years as a food preservative, and recent laboratory studies support its anti-tumor potential in head and neck cancer. Previously, we showed that nisin (2.5%, low content) has antitumor potential in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in vitro and in vivo. The current studies explored a naturally occurring variant of nisin (nisin ZP; 95%, high content) for its antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Nisin ZP induced the greatest level of apoptosis in HNSCC cells compared to low content nisin. HNSCC cells treated with increasing concentrations of nisin ZP exhibited increasing levels of apoptosis and decreasing levels of cell proliferation and clonogenic capacity. Nisin ZP-induced apoptosis was defined by increased ethidium bromide and acridine orange (EB/AO) staining and by increased levels of calpain-dependent PARP cleavage. Importantly, nisin ZP also induced apoptosis dose-dependently in HUVEC endothelial cells and concomitant decreases in vascular sprout formation. Nisin ZP inhibited sphere formation of HNSCC cells in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo and long term treatment extended survival. In summary, nisin ZP exhibits greater antitumor effects than low content nisin, and thus has the potential to serve as a novel therapeutic for HNSCC. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Pachiyappan Kamarajan, Takayuki Hayami, Bibiana Matte, Yang Liu, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy, Francis P. Worden, Sunil Kapila, Yvonne Kapila. Nisin ZP, a food preservative, has antitumor potential for head and neck cancer and extends survival. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4500. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4500
Studies of Avian Sarcoma and Erythroblastosis (Strain 13). III. Effect of Chick Sex on Virus Susceptibility2
Authors: Alfred M. Wallbank, E. L. Stubbs
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

This study of the sex susceptibility of the chick to the virus of avian sarcoma and erythroblastosis (strain 13) indicates that female strain 1 single-combed White Leghorns (Pennsylvania Farm Bureau Hatcheries) are more susceptible to this virus than are male chicks of the same strain. Data from three experiments indicate an average difference equivalent to 0.88 logarithms of virus between the sexes. Latent-period procedures were used in analysis of the data.
Head Lice
Authors: Denise M. Goodman, Alison E. Burke, Edward H. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Head LiceRemoval of nits Louse on scalp Nits are tightly attached to strands of hair Lice are free and crawl on scalp and hair Nit comb p p Nits attached to hair 1 mm (0.039 in)H ead lice are tiny insects that infest the hair on your head, as well as the eyebrows and eyelashes.Tiny louse eggs called nits are tightly attached to individual hairs and live close to the scalp, where they may be difficult to see.Lice are easily spread, especially among school-aged children.Lice cannot jump or fly but are spread by direct head-to-head physical contact, sharing clothing such as hats or bedding, and sharing combs or brushes with someone who has head lice.Having head lice does not mean you have poor cleanliness.Head lice do not carry diseases.
Distribution of Latex-Ingesting Cells, T Cells, and BCells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients With Malignant Melanoma23
Authors: Benjamin Koziner, A. Benedict Cosimi, Kurt J. Bloch
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The distribution among peripheral blood mononuclear cells of latex-ingesting cells, T cells, and B cells was determined with samples from 38 normal donors and 25 patients with malignant melanoma. The mean percentage of latex-ingesting cells, as well as B and T cells, was significantly reduced in the 25 patients with malignant melanoma, stages I and II, compared to the controls. Several explanations for these unexpected findings were considered; possibly the presence of occult neoptasm was responsible for the observed changes in cell distribution.
Swainsonine Modulation of Protein Kinase C Activity in Murine Peritoneal Macrophages
Authors: P Breton, A Asseffa, K Grzegorzewski, S K Akiyama, S L White, J K Cha, K Olden
Journal: Cancer Communications (1990)

The level of Ca2+, phospholipid-dependent, protein kinase C (PKC) activity in murine peritoneal macrophages treated with swainsonine, an indolizidine alkaloid, has been investigated. The present studies are based on our recent report that murine peritoneal macrophages are activated by swainsonine (Grzegorzewski, K.; Newton, S.A.; Akiyama, S.K.; Sharrow, S.; Olden, K.; White, S.L., Cancer Commun. 1:373-379, 1989). Presently, we have demonstrated that macrophages treated with swainsonine exhibited a substantial increase in PKC activity. The activity was enhanced as much as 4- to 5-fold over that obtained in untreated macrophages and was inhibited by H-7 (1-[5-isoquinoline sulphonyl]-2-methylpiperazine), D-sphingosine, or a monoclonal antibody specific for the active site of PKC. This represents the first report to demonstrate an effect of swainsonine on a second messenger system known to be involved in tumor promotion and macrophage activation. Elevation of PKC activity occurred much more slowly in swainsonine-treated cells than in cells treated with agents known to activate PKC directly, e.g., PMA (4-beta-phorbol-12-beta-myristate-13-gamma-acetate) or gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma). Furthermore the increase in PKC activity was inhibited by alpha-amanitine and cycloheximide, inhibitors of RNA and protein synthesis, respectively. These results suggest that swainsonine enhancement of PKC activity occurred by an indirect and possibly protein-synthesis-dependent mechanism. Whatever its precise mechanism of action, swainsonine provides a potentially important new probe to evaluate PKC mediated events. Selective enhancement of PKC activity may be important not only in elucidating the role of PKC in tumor promotion or macrophage activation but, also, in contributing to development of therapeutic regimens.
Consecutive Bone Scintigraphy in Bilateral Hip Migratory Transient Osteoporosis
Authors: José Ramón García Garzón
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A 34-year-old male was seen with severe right hip pain, rapidly worsening in 1 to 2 weeks, with no history of trauma. There was no fever and laboratory studies were normal. Bone scan showed markedly increased uptake in the femoral head. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bone marrow edema. The patient became asymptomatic with conservative therapy, confirmed by returning toward normal on bone scintigraphy 5 months later. He was readmitted 4 months later because the patient developed similar symptoms on the opposite side. A bone scan showed demineralization of the left femoral head. He recovered on conservative therapy and there was a normal bone scan one year after the initial admission.
Abstract PR09: Extracellular stiffness cues drive spatial reorganization of the genome to globally constrain RNA abundance
Authors: Russell Bainer, Yoshihiro Yui, Shannon Mumenthaler, Parag Mallick, Lin Liu, Hua-Jun Wu, Ondrej Podlaha, Franziska Michor, Jan Liphardt, Jonathan Licht, Valerie Weaver
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) drives mechanosignaling that regulates tissue development and malignancy. We previously showed that a stiff ECM disrupts tissue organization and enhances malignant progression by inducing cell invasion and migration. However, the specific transcriptional and molecular events in which mechanotransduction directs these phenotypes are not well understood. To clarify this process, we used a combination of genome-scale approaches to monitor changes in gene expression and protein abundance as a function of acinar morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis in three dimensional extracellular matrix hydrogels with tunable stiffness. Elevated ECM stiffness perturbed tissue homeostasis and reverted the transcriptional phenotype of differentiated mammary acini to resemble that observed in rapidly proliferating nonpolarized mammary cell aggregates. These findings suggest that tissue tension induces cellular changes that directly reflect higher-order tissue organizational states. We found that these changes involve the spatial rearrangement of peripheral chromatin, and that the expression levels of multiple histone deacetylases increase in organized tissues concurrently with elevated nuclear heterochromatin content, an effect that is abrogated in rigid ECM conditions. We support these observations by mapping mechanoresponsive peripheral heterochromatin elements via ChIPseq, enabling us to directly identify dynamic regions containing genes whose transcriptional activity is responsive to mechanical cues. Finally, using a combination of genomic, imaging, and molecular biology techniques we demonstrated that ECM compliance and tissue organization significantly influences global RNA abundance. Notably, this model presents formidable conceptual and practical challenges for the interpretation of genomic data. Collectively, this work indicates that tissue organization is critically dependent on the cellular mechanical environment, which qualitatively and quantitatively shapes the epigenetic and transcriptional landscape by mechanisms that have not yet been elucidated. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Russell Bainer, Yoshihiro Yui, Shannon Mumenthaler, Parag Mallick, Lin Liu, Hua-Jun Wu, Ondrej Podlaha, Franziska Michor, Jan Liphardt, Jonathan Licht, Valerie Weaver. Extracellular stiffness cues drive spatial reorganization of the genome to globally constrain RNA abundance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr PR09.
A teaching drill in child psychiatry
Authors: R R Rogers, B Rasof
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors report on a teaching drill for psychiatric trainees that tests their ability to communicate child psychiatry concepts to a nonpsychiatric physician and to parents of a disturbed child as well as their abilities in the role of a supervisor and a "visiting professor." It was found that the drill was a learning experience for the trainees that focused attention on their problems in integrating their psychiatric skills and identity with their identification with the medical model.
Multimodality therapy of esophageal carcinoma: still an experimental approach.
Authors: D Kelsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.4.530 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3549987 Multimodality therapy of esophageal carcinoma: still an experimental approach. D KelsenxD KelsenSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.4.530 PDF "Multimodality therapy of esophageal carcinoma: still an experimental approach.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(4), pp. 530–531© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract A43: DNA repair by non-homologous end joining induced gene silencing via DNA hypermethylation
Authors: Brittany N. Allen, Michal Masternak, Mark Muller
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Double strand breaks (DSBs) in DNA are repaired throughout the cell cycle and in non-dividing cells by the error-prone process of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). In order to evaluate expression of a gene following NHEJ repair, we use a GFP reporter system to allow for targeted induction of a DSB in the genome of Hela cells. Prior to induction of the DSB, GFP is transcribed but inactive due to an extra exon interrupting the gene sequence, however cells that successfully repair the DSB express WT GFP that can be detected by fluorescent based assays. Following repair, two different GFP expression classes can be detected by flow cytometry: one that expresses GFP robustly (‘bright') and one that expresses GFP at a lower level (‘dim'). This is surprising given that these experiments are done in a cell line derived from a single clone. This phenomenon was confirmed using live cell imaging. Treatment with a hypomethylating drug causes some ‘dim' cells to be converted to ‘bright' cells, suggesting that the gene silencing that occurs in the ‘dim' population is a result of hypermethylation of the gene. Bisulfite deep sequencing confirms that areas up- and downstream of the break site are hypomethylated in ‘bright' cell populations and hypermethylated in ‘dim' cell populations. It can be concluded from these data that, following repair of a DSB by NHEJ, the epigenetic landscape of the repaired gene, specifically the methylation status of its CpGs, is altered in a way that changes the expression levels of the repaired gene. Though their cause is not fully understood, gene expression changes caused by epigenetic reprogramming are a hallmark of many different types of cancer. Given the increased reliance of cancer cells on DNA repair, a link between epigenetic revision and DNA repair could provide an explanation for changes in the epigenome that occur during cancer progression. Citation Format: Brittany N. Allen, Michal Masternak, Mark Muller. DNA repair by non-homologous end joining induced gene silencing via DNA hypermethylation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Sep 24-27, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A43.
What is “Epithelium”?
Authors: L. M. Franks
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article What is “Epithelium”? Get access L. M. Franks L. M. Franks Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 6, June 1973, Page 1727, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.6.1727 Published: 01 June 1973
Neuropathological findings in patients with clinical diagnoses of probable Alzheimer's disease
Authors: S C Risse, M A Raskind, D Nochlin, S M Sumi, T H Lampe, T D Bird, L Cubberley, E R Peskind
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

To assess prospectively the accuracy of standard antemortem clinical diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease, post-mortem examinations were performed on 25 patients who had met DSM-III criteria for primary degenerative dementia and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke criteria for probable Alzheimer's disease. Seventeen patients (68%) met neuropathological criteria for Alzheimer's disease. Two presenile-onset patients had diffuse neocortical senile plaques of insufficient number for definite Alzheimer's disease. Six patients had non-Alzheimer's disease diagnoses. Five of these six had presenile-onset dementia. These results suggest caution in the antemortem diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in presenile-onset dementia.
Clinical Outcomes of Metabolic Surgery: Efficacy of Glycemic Control, Weight Loss, and Remission of Diabetes
Authors: Philip R. Schauer, Geltrude Mingrone, Sayeed Ikramuddin, Bruce Wolfe
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Since the 2007 Diabetes Surgery Summit in Rome, Italy, and the subsequent publishing of the world’s first guidelines for the surgical treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D), much new evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of metabolic surgery has emerged. Additional observational cohort studies support the superior effects of surgery over medical treatment with respect to glycemic control, weight loss, and even reduction in mortality and microvascular complications associated with T2D. Furthermore, new safety data suggest that the perioperative morbidity and mortality of metabolic surgery (5% and 0.3%, respectively) are now similar to that of common low-risk procedures, such as cholecystectomy and hysterectomy. The largest advance, however, has been the completion of 11 randomized controlled trials from around the globe that compare surgery with medical treatment of T2D. These studies with follow-up duration of 1–5 years involve nearly 800 patients without surgical mortality and with major complication rates of less than 5% and a reoperation rate of 8%. All but 1 of the 11 randomized controlled trials have shown the superiority of surgery over medical management at achieving remission or glycemic improvement. Surgery was also superior to medical treatment with respect to improving cardiovascular risk factors, such as weight loss and dyslipidemia, while reducing medication burden. This new efficacy and safety evidence should help guide physicians across the globe to the appropriate use of surgery as an effective treatment for patients suffering from T2D and obesity.
Accidental Arytenoid Banding: An Unusual Complication of Single-Shot Ligation Therapy
Authors: M Akdoğan, E Parlak, A Ulker, S Dağli
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Multiple band ligators are usually preferred over single-shot devices for the eradication of esophageal varices [1] [2] . However, a single-shot device is still used occasionally for the ligation of small numbers of remnant varices in the follow-up sections. This does not require placement of an overtube which has its own complications [3] [4] .
David Oliver: Delirium matters
Authors: David Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2016)

BerkshireBeing admitted unexpectedly to hospital is depersonalising and distressing.This is compounded for the one inpatient in eight who has delirium. 1Delirium affects 20-30% of over 65s during acute admission. 2 We should do more to prevent delirium, ensure that we don't miss it, to reverse it, explain it, and minimise its impact.Clinical staff need support to do this.Risk increases if you're older and frailer.Add existing sensory or cognitive impairment, transit through several busy, noisy wards, and contact with numerous unfamiliar staff.Delirium carries high mortality and morbidity and is a red flag for potentially serious illness.It's characterised by acute onset over 1-2 days, a fluctuating course, and disturbances of cognition, perception, or consciousness. 3 The symptoms of hyperactive delirium can be terrifying for patients-disorientation, restless distractibility, hallucinations, and paranoid misperceptions.Relatives visiting may be similarly distressed and bewildered at witnessing this (a patient's story: http://bit.ly/deliriumpatient). 4 Meanwhile, hypoactive delirium-leaving patients stuporous and withdrawn, yet still distressed-is less dramatic and is more easily missed or misattributed to old age or dementia.If a patient is not already delirious on admission, precipitants include infection, dehydration, metabolic disturbance, pain, constipation, urinary retention, surgery and anaesthetic, 5 side effects from many drugs, and withdrawal from others. 6 Awareness of this problem is growing despite failure to teach medical students enough about the frailty related syndromes they're increasingly likely to encounter. 7For such a common, serious problem, which can often be prevented using systematic approaches, 8 delirium still has to gain parity with falls, thrombosis, and infection, which attract mandatory incident reporting as preventable harms.
Systems and the structuring of meaning: contributions to a biopsychosocial medicine
Authors: M A Schwartz, O P Wiggins
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors discuss the biopsychosocial (systems) model of medicine formulated by George L. Engel. The interaction among systems is explained in terms of selection, negation, and the reduction of the complexity of events. In psychosocial systems, vast possibilities of experience and behavior are selected and negated through structures of meaning. The authors illustrate how meaning organizes the experience and activity of a man suffering a myocardial infarction, a case originally discussed by Engel. The role of meaning in psychosocial systems leads to a discussion of the scientific method for investigating it that is provided by Karl Jaspers' psychology of understanding.