tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P3-088: Serum E-cadherin does not associate with response to gefitinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Anna Spreafico, Vanesa Gregorc, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Mariagrazia Vigano, Monica Giovannini, Mark Duncan, Paul A. Bunn, Eugenio Villa, Fred R. Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Body Mass Index Greater Than 50
Authors: Oliver A. Varban, Justin B. Dimick
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Marked Improvement in Staging Accuracy in Mycosis Fungoides/Sézary Syndrome Using Integrated Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET/CT).
Authors: Eunice Y. Tsai, Alan Taur, Leandro Espinosa, Andrew Quon, Sarah E. Dick, Steve Chow, Ranjana Advani, Roger A. Warnke, Sabine Kohler, Richard T. Hoppe, Youn H. Kim
Journal: Blood (2004)
DNA-guided genome editing using structure-guided endonucleases
Authors: Gaurav K. Varshney, Shawn M. Burgess
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

The search for novel ways to target and alter the genomes of living organisms accelerated rapidly this decade with the discovery of CRISPR/Cas9. Since the initial discovery, efforts to find alternative methods for altering the genome have expanded. A new study presenting an alternative approach has been demonstrated that utilizes flap endonuclease 1 (FEN-1) fused to the Fok1 endonuclease, which shows potential for DNA-guided genome targeting in vivo.
P2-198: Evaluation of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC)
Authors: Rie Nakahara, Haruko Suzuki, Yoshinori Ishikawa, Haruhisa Matsuguma, Tetsuro Kondo, Yukari Kamiyama, Kiyoshi Mori, Seiji Igarashi, Tetsuro Kodama, Kohei Yokoi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Development of Xpert® BCR-ABL Ultra, an Automated and Standardized Multiplex Assay with Required Performance Characteristics for BCR-ABL1 Quantitative Measurement on an International Reporting Scale
Authors: Gwo-Jen Day, Christina Lockwood, Jacqueline E. Payton, Geoffrey L. Uy, Charles Schiffer, Gerald Feldman, Aaron Bossler, Julie Woolworth, Alice S. Mims, Alba Levitas, Krupa Shridhar, Sandy Huang, Vivian Xiao, Natalie Wu, Michael P. Bates, Wendy Wong
Journal: Blood (2015)
Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Authors: G T Palleschi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: We commend Drs. Bartlett and Mundy on their review of community-acquired pneumonia (Dec.14 issue). 1 Having served as a chair or member of the Canadian and American Thoracic Society (ATS) consensus committees that developed guidelines for the treatment of communityacquired pneumonia, we would like to address the differences between the approaches to initial empirical antibiotic therapy recommended by the British Thoracic Society (BTS) and by the Canadian and ATS consensus committees. 2,3 The BTS statement dealt only with hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia, whereas the Canadian and ATS statements dealt with both inpatients and outpatients.The BTS statement emphasized the importance of Streptococcus pneumoniae, while downplaying the importance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, and gram-negative rods.The recommendations, however, were based in part on data from studies in which the definition of pneumonia was nonselective, sputum samples were not screened, and patients at risk for infection with gram-negative rods were essentially excluded.The BTS statement distinguished between pneumococcal pneumonia and "pneumonia of unknown etiology without features indicating severe or nonpneumococcal disease."In contrast, the Canadian and ATS statements stressed that clinical features do not necessarily predict the microbial cause.This view is supported by data clearly showing that the history, physical examination, chest radiograph, and laboratory tests do not reliably predict the microbial cause. 4 Drs.Bartlett and Mundy emphasize the need to identify the etiologic pathogen by Gram's staining and culture of sputum, plus selected serologic tests.The Canadian and ATS recommendations were less aggressive because of problems with the sensitivity and specificity of these tests and the lack of published data supporting their value.Although empirical therapy may be intellectually unappealing, studies of severe community-acquired pneumonia have shown that early appropriate (empirical) therapy directed at the likely pathogens can improve the outcome, whereas identification of the pathogen is not associated with improved survival rates. 5,6We are not opposed to appropriate diagnostic testing but would reserve it for suspected cases of infection with unusual or resistant pathogens or for infections that do not respond to initial empirical therapy.Drs. Bartlett and Mundy identify areas for future study.No guidelines should be accepted without attempts to validate their usefulness in terms of outcomes.
Hypercalcemia Remains an Adverse Prognostic Factor for Newly Diagnosed Patients with Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma in the Era of Novel Anti-Myeloma Therapies, Independently of Age, ISS Stage and Treatment Type: An Analysis of 2129 Patients
Authors: Athanasios Zomas, Evangelos Terpos, Eirini Katodritou, Argiris Symeonidis, Sosana Delimpasi, Anastasia Pouli, Theodoros P. Vassilakopoulos, Eurydiki Michalis, Stavroula Giannouli, Zafiris Kartasis, Anna Christoforidou, Kiriaki Kokoviadou, Eleftheria Hatzimichael, Dimitra Gika, Catherine Megalakaki, Maria Papaioannou, Marie-Christine Kyrtsonis, Kostas Konstantopoulos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Efstathios Kastritis
Journal: Blood (2014)
p21(WAF1) Mediates Cell-Cycle Inhibition, Relevant to Cancer Suppression and Therapy
Authors: Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract p21 (WAF1/CIP1; CDKN1a) is a universal cell-cycle inhibitor directly controlled by p53 and p53-independent pathways. Knowledge of the regulation and function of p21 in normal and cancer cells has opened up several areas of investigation and has led to novel therapeutic strategies. The discovery in 1993 and subsequent work on p21 has illuminated basic cellular growth control, stem cell phenotypes, the physiology of differentiation, as well as how cells respond to stress. There remain open questions in the signaling networks, the ultimate role of p21 in the p53-deficiency phenotype in the context of other p53 target defects, and therapeutic strategies continue to be a work in progress. Cancer Res; 76(18); 5189–91. ©2016 AACR. See related article by El-Deiry et al., Cancer Res 1994;54:1169–74. Visit the Cancer Research 75th Anniversary timeline.
Strike action will intensify winter pressures on A&amp;E, say NHS leaders
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Junior doctors’ planned strike action will intensify winter pressures on accident and emergency departments, making overall care for hospitals “enormously difficult,” NHS leaders have told MPs.

Witnesses appearing before the parliamentary health committee on 12 September for its inquiry into winter planning in emergency departments underlined the likely disruption ahead.

MPs asked what effects the upcoming strikes by junior doctors were likely to have on emergency department pressures. The BMA has announced three strikes—all lasting five days—in October, November, and December in protest against the new junior doctors’ working contract due to be imposed from next month.1

Health minister Philip Dunne, giving evidence, said, “This is a subject of intense interest and scrutiny from within the department to ensure that we are in as good a place as we can be as winter approaches.

“In that context, the threatened action by junior doctors is clearly not welcome. It is perplexing that the current leadership of …
Snakes on a Dock
Authors: Allan S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A painless lump in the arm
Authors: Shahrukh Raees Ahmad, Raees Bhatti, Gulraiz Ahmad
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A 15 year old boy presented to his doctor with a painless palpable lump in his right upper arm. He had had it for “many years,” but was now conscious about it. A plain radiograph of the arm showed multiple bony lesions (fig 1⇓). What is the diagnosis?



Fig 1  Anteroposterior radiograph of right upper arm



Hereditary multiple exostoses (also known as diaphyseal aclasis) (fig 2⇓).



Fig 2  Anteroposterior radiograph of right upper arm. Osteochondromas can …
Mutant p53 Together with TGFβ Signaling Influence Organ-Specific Hematogenous Colonization Patterns of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Yi Zhong, Anne Macgregor-Das, Tyler Saunders, Martin C. Whittle, Alvin Makohon-Moore, Zachary A. Kohutek, Justin Poling, Brian T. Herbst, Breanna M. Javier, Leslie Cope, Steven D. Leach, Sunil R. Hingorani, Christine A. Iacobuzio-Donahue
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Purpose: TP53 and the TGFβ pathway are major mediators of pancreatic cancer metastasis. The mechanisms by which they cause hematogenous metastasis have not been fully explored.Experimental Design:KPC (LSL-KRASG12D/+;LSL-Trp53R172H/+; Ptf1aCre/+) mice were generated, and the frequency and morphology of organ-specific hematogenous metastases compared with that seen in KPTC and KTC littermates (Tgfbr2+/-). Key findings were validated in primary cells from each genotype and samples of human pancreatic cancer liver metastases.Results: The frequency of hematogenous metastasis in KPTC mice was significantly lower than for KPC mice (41% vs. 68%, P < 0.05), largely due to a reduction in liver metastases. No differences were found between KPC and KPTC lung metastases, whereas liver metastases in KPTC mice showed a profound extravasation deficiency characterized by sinusoidal growth and lack of desmoplastic stroma. Analogous findings were confirmed in liver samples from patients indicating their clinical relevance. Portal vein colonization as a direct mode of access to the liver was observed in both mice and humans. Secretome analyses of KPC cells revealed an abundance of secreted prometastatic mediators including Col6A1 and Lcn2 that promoted early steps of metastatic colonization. These mediators were overexpressed in primary tumors but not metastases, suggesting that the ability to colonize is, in part, developed within the primary site, a phenomenon we refer to as the "Cinderella effect."Conclusions: These findings establish a novel paradigm for understanding pancreatic cancer metastasis and the observed clinical latencies of liver versus lung metastases specifically. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1607-20. ©2016 AACR.
Margaret McCartney: The prurient interest in Trump and Clinton’s health
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Mere weeks before the US presidential election a petition, #DiagnoseTrump, is calling for more information about the Republican candidate’s health because he “appears to exhibit all the symptoms of the mental disorder narcissistic personality disorder.”1

It goes on, “Mental health professionals need to come forward and urge the Republican Party to insist that their nominee has an evaluation to determine his mental fitness for the job.” People are asked to sign if they think that Donald Trump exhibits the criteria necessary to fulfil the diagnosis listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders .

The Atlantic , a US magazine, published an evaluation of Trump, written by a …
Calcineurin inhibitor withdrawal in the presence of everolimus is feasible in maintenance liver transplant recipients
Authors: Lutz Fischer, Paolo De Simone, Frederik Nevens, Herold J Metselaat, Jerome Dumortier, Christophe Duvoux, Karim Boudjema, Yves Patrice Le Treut, Martina R Sterneck
Journal: Hepatology (2008)
Transcranial doppler re‐screening of subjects who participated in STOP and STOP II
Authors: Robert J. Adams, Dan T. Lackland, Lynette Brown, David Brown, Jenifer Voeks, Heather J. Fullerton, Julie Kanter, Janet L. Kwiatkowski
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

In children with Sickle Cell Disease, the combination of risk stratification with Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) and selective chronic red cell transfusion (CRCT-the STOP Protocol) is one of the most effective stroke prevention strategies in medicine. How fully it is being implemented is unclear. Nineteen of 26 sites that conducted the two pivotal clinical trials (STOP and STOP II) participated in Post STOP, a comprehensive medical records review assessing protocol implementation in the 10-15 years since the trials ended. Professional abstractors identified medical records in the Post STOP era in 2851 (74%) of the 3,840 children who took part in STOP and/or STOP II, and documented TCD rescreening, maintenance of CRCT in those at risk, and stroke. Among 1,896 children eligible for TCD rescreening (target group), evidence of any rescreening was found in 1,090 (57%). There was wide site variation in TCD rescreening ranging from 18% to 91% of eligible children. Both younger age and having a conditional TCD during STOP/II were associated with a higher likelihood of having a TCD in Post STOP. Sixty eight new abnormal, high risk cases were identified. Despite clear evidence of benefit the STOP protocol is not fully implemented even at experienced sites. Site variation suggests that system improvements might remove barriers to implementation and result in even greater reduction of ischemic stroke in children with SCD. Am. J. Hematol. 91:1191-1194, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Randomized phase II trial of a tumor vascular disrupting agent fosbretabulin tromethamine (CA4P) with carboplatin (C), paclitaxel (P), and bevacizumab (B) in stage IIIb/IV nonsquamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): The FALCON trial.
Authors: E. B. Garon, F. F. Kabbinavar, J. A. Neidhart, J. D. Neidhart, N. Y. Gabrail, M. R. Oliveira, S. P. Lu, J. Balkissoon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7587 Background: CA4P is a small-molecule tumor vascular disrupting agent (VDA) that has shown additive effects in combination with chemotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy. This phase II study evaluated CA4P in combination with C (carboplatin) + P (paclitaxel) + B (bevacizumab) in NSCLC. Methods: This is an open-label, randomized controlled study for patients with untreated, histologically confirmed stage IIIb or IV nonsquamous NSCLC. 50 out of a planned 60 patients were randomized to receive up to 6 cycles of C + P + B with (CA4P arm) or without CA4P (control arm). After 6 cycles of therapy, patients without progression continued to receive their randomized treatment B or B + CA4P until progression. Enrollment will be completed Q1 2010. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary endpoints include response rates and overall survival. Results: As of January, 2010, 46 patients received treatment, 23 in each arm. Preliminary results from 46 evaluable patients showed a median PFS of 5.7 months in the CA4P arm vs. 5.1 months in the control arm. Partial responses were seen in 48% of patients for the CA4P arm vs. 46% for the control arm. Interestingly, patients in the CA4P arm had a 52% improvement in overall survival compared with the control arm, with a hazard ratio and 95% CI of 0.48 (0.16, 1.42). The safety profile, including grade 3 hypertension in the control and CA4P arms, was comparable. There were three reversible cardiac ischemia events in the CA4P arm, none of which required hospitalization. Conclusions: The addition of CA4P to standard doses of C + P + B did not add significant additional toxicity. Efficacy data suggest this combination can provide significant survival benefit compared to C + P + B. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration OXiGENE OXiGENE OXiGENE
Statins evidence: when answers also raise questions
Authors: Harlan M Krumholz
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Sharing the data is more likely to settle the debate than another review

Statins are likely to have contributed to the large reductions in cardiovascular disease that have occurred in North America and Europe. Clinical trials of these affordable drugs have a remarkable record of showing benefit, with side effects mostly uncommon and minor and resolving after discontinuation of the drug.1 Moreover, many complaints among statin users are misattributed to the drug.

Nevertheless, some scientists have raised persistent concerns.2 They have asked questions about the effectiveness and adverse effects of statins, particularly in low risk populations and those not well represented in the trials. Advocates for statins equate the dissent to yelling “Fire” in a crowded theatre when no fire exists, and causing harm with words.3 Others defend the rights of well intentioned scientists and clinicians to question evidence.4

Into this fray comes a publication from some prominent clinical scientists—a review article with an attitude. The authors’ intent is to provide “the appropriate interpretation of evidence.”5 The review, which consolidates previously published information, aims to explain “how evidence from randomized trials yields reliable information about both the …
An update on penile cancer: Evaluating management trends and clinical outcomes using the National Cancer Data Base.
Authors: Matthew Mossanen, Sarah Holt, John L. Gore, Daniel W. Lin, Jonathan L. Wright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

492 Background: Penile cancer remains a rare disease in the United States and may be associated with substantial morbidity and even mortality. Though the understanding of penile cancer is limited by the uncommon nature of the disease, the use of large volume datasets may help reveal recent management trends and clinical factors associated with treatment. We sought to describe penis cancer management over the past several years using the National Cancer Data Base. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of data obtained from the National Cancer Data Base from 1998-2012. We analyzed patient characteristics, demographic information, and therapeutic approaches within two clinical scenarios: 1) use of partial penectomy for early stage (clinical Ta-T2 disease); and 2) use of chemotherapy for metastatic disease. We performed multivariate logistic analysis to determine factors associated with these treatments. Results: A total of 2,677 patients presented with cTa-T2 penile carcinoma. Of these, the proportion receiving partial penectomy increased from 73.9% in 1998-2000, to 80.4% in 2010-2012 (p &lt; 0.001). Compared to those aged 50-59, partial penectomy was more common in the old (age &gt; 80, OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.05 – 2.20) and young (age &lt; 50, OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.04 – 2.07). Treatment at academic centers and those without insurance were less likely to receive partial penectomy (both p &lt; 0.01), as were patients with cT2 and node positive disease (both p &lt; 0.001). Of those presenting with metastatic disease (n = 817), use of chemotherapy increased over the time period from 39% receiving chemotherapy in 1998-2000, to 49% in 2010-2012 (p &lt;0.03). Patients least likely to receive chemotherapy were older and with higher Charlson Comorbidity score (both p &lt; 0.05), African American (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.29 – 0.70), and those living &gt; 50 miles from the nearest treatment hospital (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.25 – 0.55). Conclusions: Penile sparing surgery and use of chemotherapy are becoming more commonly utilized over the last several years. Multiple factors appear to be associated with these trends, and further work is needed to define both clinical and non-clinical factors associated with treatment.
Meta-analysis identifies common and rare variants influencing blood pressure and overlapping with metabolic trait loci
Authors: Chunyu Liu, Aldi T Kraja, Jennifer A Smith, Jennifer A Brody, Nora Franceschini, Joshua C Bis, Kenneth Rice, Alanna C Morrison, Yingchang Lu, Stefan Weiss, Xiuqing Guo, Walter Palmas, Lisa W Martin, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Praveen Surendran, Fotios Drenos, James P Cook, Paul L Auer, Audrey Y Chu, Ayush Giri, Wei Zhao, Johanna Jakobsdottir, Li-An Lin, Jeanette M Stafford, Najaf Amin, Hao Mei, Jie Yao, Arend Voorman, Martin G Larson, Megan L Grove, Albert V Smith, Shih-Jen Hwang, Han Chen, Tianxiao Huan, Gulum Kosova, Nathan O Stitziel, Sekar Kathiresan, Nilesh Samani, Heribert Schunkert, Panos Deloukas, Man Li, Christian Fuchsberger, Cristian Pattaro, Mathias Gorski, Charles Kooperberg, George J Papanicolaou, Jacques E Rossouw, Jessica D Faul, Sharon L R Kardia, Claude Bouchard, Leslie J Raffel, André G Uitterlinden, Oscar H Franco, Ramachandran S Vasan, Christopher J O'Donnell, Kent D Taylor, Kiang Liu, Erwin P Bottinger, Omri Gottesman, E Warwick Daw, Franco Giulianini, Santhi Ganesh, Elias Salfati, Tamara B Harris, Lenore J Launer, Marcus Dörr, Stephan B Felix, Rainer Rettig, Henry Völzke, Eric Kim, Wen-Jane Lee, I-Te Lee, Wayne H-H Sheu, Krystal S Tsosie, Digna R Velez Edwards, Yongmei Liu, Adolfo Correa, David R Weir, Uwe Völker, Paul M Ridker, Eric Boerwinkle, Vilmundur Gudnason, Alexander P Reiner, Cornelia M van Duijn, Ingrid B Borecki, Todd L Edwards, Aravinda Chakravarti, Jerome I Rotter, Bruce M Psaty, Ruth J F Loos, Myriam Fornage, Georg B Ehret, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Daniel Levy, Daniel I Chasman
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)