tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FRI0409 Smoking and SjÖGren's Syndrome Are Predictors of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Table 1.
Authors: J.-S. Franco, J. Amaya-Amaya, N. Molano-González, M. Rodríguez-Jiménez, Y. Acosta-Ampudia, R.D. Mantilla, A. Rojas-Villarraga, J.-M. Anaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) has been described as the most prevalent autoimmune disease (AD) as well as being associated with other organ-specific and non-organ specific ADs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the prevalence, risk factors and the impact of AITD in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 376 patients with SLE were systematically assessed for the presence of: 1) confirmed AITD (i.e., TPOAb/TgAb and hypothyroidism), 2) positive TPOAb/TgAb without hypothyroidism, 3) clinical hypothyroidism without TPOAb/TgAb and 4) SLE patients with neither. Autoantibodies including TPOAb and TgAb were performed by ELISA. Comparisons between groups 1 and 4 were done by multivariate analysis and regression tree (CART) predictive model. <h3>Results</h3> The prevalence of confirmed AITD was 12%. The frequency of positive thyroid antibodies without hypothyroidism and clinical hypothyroidism without TPOAb/TgAb were 11% and 13.5%, respectively. SLE patients with neither were 40%. The duration of the disease was similar in groups 1 and 4. Patients with confirmed AITD were significantly older and had later age at onset of the disease. AITD was associated with multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS), carrying Sjögren9s Syndrome and with ever smoking, regardless of gender and duration of the disease (Table 1). These variables were also found as the main predictors for AITD in SLE. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Identified risk factors will assist clinicians in the search for AITD and encourage smoke-free policies in patients with SLE. AITD does not affect the severity of SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4574
Abstract 3730: Cisplatin treatment enhancement with acetaminophen in a model of human medulloblastoma in nude rats
Authors: Seth Lewin, Leslie Muldoon, Jeffrey Wu, Daniel Guillaume, Edward Neuwelt
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: To determine the efficacy of cisplatin treatment when enhanced by high dose acetaminophen (APAP) and followed by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) rescue in a nude rat model of medulloblastoma. Methods: Human medulloblastoma (DAOY) cells were inoculated into the cerebellum of female athymic nude rats (rnu/rnu). On day 10, rats were randomized to treatment groups (n = 6 per group): (1) saline controls; (2) IP cisplatin 2 mg/kg; (3) PO APAP 600 mg/kg + IP cisplatin; and (4) APAP + cisplatin + NAC 1 g/kg. All treatments were given twice a week for two weeks. Cisplatin treatment was given one hour after APAP, and NAC was given 4 hours following cisplatin. T2 and contrast-enhanced T1 magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequences were performed prior to treatment and just prior to sacrifice at 14 days following initial treatment. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay of human DNA. In vitro cell sensitivity to a dose escalation of APAP and cisplatin was assessed in medulloblastoma cell lines DAOY and D238-MED. Results: In vitro viability assays showed that combination APAP plus cisplatin induced synergistic toxicity in human medulloblastoma cells. In saline control rats, the tumor xenograft localized within the cerebellum with spread to the meningeal surfaces and brainstem, and had a volume of 27.1 ±6.7mm3 (mean±SEM). All cisplatin therapy treatment groups showed a significant reduction in final tumor volume when compared to the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.0004). A trend for the cisplatin single therapy group to be less efficacious when compared to the combined cisplatin treatment groups was observed however, the difference was not significant. No reduction in efficacy was seen in the NAC rescue group, with a tumor volume of 4.42±1.36 mm3, compared to 3.30±0.99 mm3 in the APAP plus cisplatin group. Tumor response was not measurable by MR, however the presence of human DNA in the CSF, was correlated with tumor size. Conclusions: This treatment model for medulloblastoma may provide a mechanism to improve chemotherapy efficacy without increasing chemotherapy dose. In vivo and in vitro data correlate to show that the pretreatment with APAP sensitizes cells to cisplatin allowing efficacy at a lower doses, meanwhile delayed treatment with NAC staves off the systemic toxicity normally associated with cisplatin treatments. APAP enhancement with NAC rescue may provide a less toxic option to patients who might otherwise experience systemic toxicity from high doses of cisplatin. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3730. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3730
Bidirectional Transfer Study of Polystyrene Nanoparticles across the Placental Barrier in an <i>ex Vivo</i> Human Placental Perfusion Model
Authors: Stefanie Grafmueller, Pius Manser, Liliane Diener, Pierre-André Diener, Xenia Maeder-Althaus, Lionel Maurizi, Wolfram Jochum, Harald F. Krug, Tina Buerki-Thurnherr, Ursula von Mandach, Peter Wick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Nanoparticle exposure in utero might not be a major concern yet, but it could become more important with the increasing application of nanomaterials in consumer and medical products. Several epidemiologic and in vitro studies have shown that nanoparticles can have potential toxic effects. However, nanoparticles also offer the opportunity to develop new therapeutic strategies to treat specifically either the pregnant mother or the fetus. Previous studies mainly addressed whether nanoparticles are able to cross the placental barrier. However, the transport mechanisms underlying nanoparticle translocation across the placenta are still unknown.In this study we examined which transport mechanisms underlie the placental transfer of nanoparticles.We used the ex vivo human placental perfusion model to analyze the bidirectional transfer of plain and carboxylate modified polystyrene particles in a size range between 50 and 300 nm.We observed that the transport of polystyrene particles in the fetal to maternal direction was significantly higher than for the maternal to fetal direction. Regardless of their ability to cross the placental barrier and the direction of perfusion, all polystyrene particles accumulated in the syncytiotrophoblast of the placental tissue.Our results indicate that the syncytiotrophoblast is the key player in regulating nanoparticle transport across the human placenta. The main mechanism underlying this translocation is not based on passive diffusion, but is likely to involve an active, energy-dependent transport pathway. These findings will be important for reproductive toxicology as well as for pharmaceutical engineering of new drug carriers.
Transient Liver Accumulation of Tc-99m Phytate in Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Percutaneous Ethanol Injection
Authors: S Shiomi, T Kuroki, K Masaki, H Sakaguchi, T Takeda, M Kuriyama, T Tanaka, H Ochi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

We report that colloid liver scanning gave early evidence of the return to normal of Kupffer cell functions after ethanol injections into the liver.A 71-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma received percutaneous ethanol injections twice of 15 mL of ethanol, 1 week apart.Abdominal CT after the second injection showed an irregularly shaped low-density area in the left side of the tumor, extending outside the tumor. Liver imaging with To-99m phytate 10 days later showed increased activity at the corresponding site. Thirty days after the second injection, liver imaging did not show high activity.Ethanol that leaked into the normal part of the liver probably temporarily activated Kupffer cell function.
DOES PLAQUE BURDEN PREDICT VASCULAR RESPONSE TO STATIN THERAPY? A COMBINED OCT AND IVUS STUDY
Authors: Tsunenari Soeda, Jingbo Hou, Haibo Jia, Sining Hu, Yoshiyasu Minami, Rocco Vergallo, Shaosong Zhang, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract P5-12-03: Concurrent vs. Sequential Administration of Adjuvant Trastuzumab in Early Stage Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: SM Lavasani, A Mahinbakht, S. Verma
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Overexpression/Amplification of the HER2 occurs in 15-18% of breast cancers. Adjuvant trastuzumab is now integrated in the care of most HER2-positive early stage breast cancers. However, an important question persists regarding the concurrent vs. sequential use of trastuzumab as adjuvant treatment in early stage breast cancer. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) was undertaken to compare concurrent vs. sequential trastuzumab. The outcomes of interest were risk of recurrence, death and grade III and IV cardiac toxicity. Method: Systematic review of English literature retrieved from EMBASE (1980 to April 26, 2010), MEDLINE (1996 to April 26, 2010) and Cochrane database for the relevant studies. In addition, conference proceedings of ASCO and SABCS from 2004 to 2009 were searched for relevant abstracts. A manual search of the reference lists of the selected articles was performed in order to further identify relevant studies. The search strategy was conducted according to our well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Our search strategy revealed 1262 citations. Only RCTs were included. The review was performed by 2 reviewers independently. The data analysis was conducted by Review Manager Version 5, which could not compare the number of recurrences and deaths head to head for concurrent vs. sequential trastuzumab. A Fixed effect model was used. When I square showed heterogeneity of &amp;gt;50%, sensitivity analysis was performed. Results: Six eligible trials were identified. Three RCTs used trastuzumab concurrently and 2 RCTs used trastuzumab sequentially. One RCT (NCCTG N9831) had 3 arms, chemo only control arm, sequential trastuzumab arm and concurrent trastuzumab arm. Pooled and sensitivity analysis of 4 RCTS comparing concurrent trastuzumab with chemotherapy showed total HR of 0.73 (P&amp;lt;0.00001) for reduction of recurrence and 0.78 (P=0.0006) for reducing the mortality. The pooled analysis of 3 RCTs comparing sequential trastuzumab with chemotherapy revealed total HR of 0.82 for reduction of recurrence (P&amp;lt;0.0001) and 0.93 for mortality (p=0.27). The cardiac toxicity in concurrent trastuzumab was in favour of control with risk ratio of 4.66 (P&amp;lt;0.00001) and in sequential treatment was also in favour of control with risk ratio of 9.90 (P&amp;lt;0.0001). Conclusion: Concurrent trastuzumab with chemotherapy shows a greater improvement in DFS (HR: 0.73 vs. 0.82). HR for OS also favours concurrent trastuzumab (0.78 vs. 0.93). Cardiac toxicity in both concurrent and sequential trastuzumab favours control arms. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-12-03.
Abstract 1753: Comparison between early versus delayed treatment of breast cancer induced osteolytic bone metastasis by TGFβ inhibitors in a murine model
Authors: Abhik Bandyopadhyay, Joseph Agyin, Fernando Lopez-Casillas, Long Wang, Tanuka Biswas, Lu-Zhe Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In breast cancer patients the preferential metastasis to bone often causes considerable morbidity and mortality. Timely intervention is needed for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer-induced bone metastasis and osteolysis. Increased TGFβ signaling has been implicated to promote cancer cell invasion to bone and cause osteolysis. In this study we have evaluated the efficacy of the early and delayed start of treatment by TGFβ antagonists, TGFβ R1 kinase inhibitor (TβRI) and soluble TGFβ type III receptor (sRIII), in a murine bone metastasis model utilizing human breast cancer cells. The female athymic nude mice injected intracardiacally with human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into five groups (n=10). In the two early treatment groups, the i.p. treatment started on the same day of tumor cell inoculation and in the two delayed treatment groups, treatment started on the 8th day after tumor cell inoculation with TβRI (20 µg/mice) and sRIII (100 µg/mice) respectively and continued every alternate day. Control group of animals were injected with phosphate buffered saline. The experiment was terminated after 25 days. The incidence of osteolytic metastasis determined by Faxitron X-Ray of the legs and tumor burden by the histology of tibia was remarkably reduced in the early treatment group in comparison to the control group. On the other hand, the delayed start of the treatment showed little effect on the reduction of tumor burden and bone loss indicating better efficacy of early treatment by TGFβ inhibitors in preventing homing of the tumor cells into the bone. As a potential mechanism, we have investigated the role of TGFβ inhibitors in vitro on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) induced cancer cell invasion which has been implicated to facilitate early entry of breast cancer cell into bone marrow. We have observed that the medium conditioned by BM-MSCs stimulated the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, which was significantly inhibited by TGFβ antagonists. Our results point to the possible therapeutic utility of TGFβ inhibitors to prevent primarily the initiation of breast cancer-induced bone metastasis by the inhibition of homing of the tumor cells into the bone. The mechanism may involve the modulation of the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1753. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1753
PWE-248 Docosahexanoeic acid in the aetiology of Crohn's disease—data from a European prospective cohort study (EPIC)
Authors: S Chan
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, present in fish oils, which possess anti-inflammatory properties, including biological effects on genetic expression, immune cell function and the production of inflammatory eicosonoids. The aim of this investigation was to conduct the first prospective cohort study to determine if low dietary intakes of this nutrient were associated with the development of incident Crohn9s disease. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 229 702 healthy participants aged 30–74 years of age were recruited in a prospective cohort study (EPIC–European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer) who were resident in either: Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands, Germany or The UK. At baseline, participants completed food frequency questionnaires from which their intakes of DHA and other dietary fatty acids were determined. The cohort was followed-up between 1992 and 2004 to identify those who developed incident Crohn9s disease, with each diagnosis medically confirmed by a review of the medical notes. Each case was matched with four controls for gender, age at recruitment and centre, and the analysis performed using conditional logistic regression. Adjustments were made for: smoking, total energy, fat and fatty acids, which affect the inflammatory process. <h3>Results</h3> In the cohort, 73 participants developed incident Crohn9s disease (64% women) at a mean age of 56.3 years (SD=11.1 years). Of these, 51% had disease affecting the terminal ileum and 19% had a pancolitis. The four higher quintiles of DHA intake were all inversely associated with the development of Crohn9s disease, with the highest (&gt;310 mg/day) having the largest effect (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.80, p=0.03), with a dose-response across categories (OR trend 0.54, 95% CI 0.30 to 0.98, p=0.04). The attributable fraction, namely the percentage of cases which may be due to the lowest dietary intake of DHA was 40%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data suggest a potential dose-dependent protective effect for increasing dietary DHA in the aetiology of Crohn9s disease. DHA should be measured in future aetiological studies of this disease and could be assessed as a dietary treatment in clinical trials of patients. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Molsidomine in the Treatment of Patients with Angina Pectoris
Authors: Pirzada A. Majid, Pim J. F. DeFeyter, Ernst E. Van der Wall, Rafik Wardeh, Jan P. Roos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Molsidomine, a new long-acting vasodilator, was administered intravenously (0.03 mg per kilogram of body weight) to two groups of six patients with stable angina pectoris. In the first group, studied during exercise-induced angina, the drug shortened the duration of pain and reduced electrocardiographically measured ST-segment depression, mean systemic arterial pressure, and mean pulmonary wedge pressure. Cardiac output and heart rate remained unchanged. In the second group, studied during pacing-induced angina, the drug reduced both left ventricular pressures and angiographically estimated ventricular volumes and improved the ejection fraction. In a double-blind crossover comparison with a placebo, molsidomine (2 mg three times daily) reduced the frequency of anginal attacks and the consumption of nitroglycerin tablets in 14 patients. During exercise testing on a treadmill a statistically significant reduction in ST-segment depression lasted for up to six hours. These studies suggest that molsidomine acts like nitroglycerin but its effects last longer. We conclude that molsidomine is effective in preventing the symptoms of angina pectoris. (N Engl J Med 302:1–6, 1980)
In Patients With Low- to Intermediate-Risk Thyroid Cancer, a Preablative Thyrotropin Level of 30 μIU/mL Is Not Adequate to Achieve Better Response to 131I Therapy
Authors: Teng Zhao, Jun Liang, Zhenqing Guo, Tianjun Li, Yansong Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

The optimal preablative level of thyrotropin (TSH) for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) to achieve better response after I ablation remains unknown. The objective of this study was to assess whether a higher preablative TSH level above 30 μIU/mL is associated with better response to I therapy in low- to intermediate-risk DTC and to explore the potential factors that may impact their responses.A total of 204 consecutive non-high-risk patients were retrospectively reviewed. Serum TSH and thyroglobulin (Tg) levels were measured right before I treatment after thyroxine hormone withdrawal (THW). Patients were categorized by their preablative TSH level grouping of 30 to less than 60 (n = 11), 60 to less than 90 (n = 61), 90 to less than 120 (n = 56), 120 to less than 150 (n = 33), and 150 μIU/mL or greater (n = 43). Responses to I therapy were evaluated as excellent, indeterminate, biochemical incomplete, or structural incomplete response (ER, IDR, BIR, or SIR) after a mean follow-up of 20.3 months. Initial risk factors (age, sex, T and N status by AJCC/UICC TNM staging system, and thyroid remnant), the administered dose of I and response to I therapy were compared among different preablative TSH groups. Multivariate analysis was further performed to identify factors associated with incomplete response (IR, including BIR and SIR).Except the significant correlation between younger age and higher preablative TSH level (P = 0.001), the 5 TSH groups did not differ in other related prognostic factors or dose of I (all P > 0.05). Among each ascending TSH group, ER was observed in 54.5%, 68.9%, 73.2%, 69.7%, and 60.5%, respectively, whereas IR was observed in 18.2%, 18.0%, 7.1%, 9.1%, and 20.9%, respectively. Group 90 to less than 120 μIU/mL presented the highest rate of ER and lowest rate of IR. In the multivariate analysis, preablative TSH level, in addition to preablative Tg, was also an associated factor for response to I therapy (P = 0.048).A preablative TSH level of 90 to less than 120 μIU/mL might be more appropriate for patients with low- to intermediate-risk DTC to achieve better response to I therapy.
Reply to Hamada et al.
Authors: C. Kim, I. Choi, B. Nam
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We thank Hamada et al. for their interest in our study [1] and their valuable comments. Hamada et al. commented that according to our findings a greater time-to-progression (TTP) and first-line chemotherapy were associated with significantly longer patency of self-expanding metal stents. However, our multivariate analysis, using the Cox proportional hazards model (and not Kaplan–Meier analysis) showed that a longer TTP and first-line chemotherapy were protective factors against restenosis (not patency). Kaplan–Meier analysis is a statistical method for estimating survival distribution and this was presented in the legends of Figures 2 and 3 in our article [1]. We included the Kaplan–Meier plots to provide readers with an alternative way to understand our data, but our conclusions were based on the Cox proportional hazards model.
CAROTID ARTERY STENTING IN OCTOGENARIANS: SUCCESS RATE, COMPLICATIONS AND LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF A SINGLE-CENTER COHORT
Authors: Juergen Kammler, Hermann Blessberger, Alexander Kypta, Michael Lichtenauer, Thomas Lambert, Alexander Nahler, Christian Reiter, Stefan Schwarz, Joerg Kellermair, Clemens Steinwender
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
NHS faces hard choices
Authors: J. Warden
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The prospect of a winter crisis in the NHS was glossed over by government ministers at last week's Labour party conference. The prime minister, Tony Blair, said that his vision is not just to save the NHS but to make it better: “The money will be there, I promise you that,” he said.

And while delegates were disinclined to spoil Labour's election victory celebration, some begged for NHS closures to be reversed. In the conference margins, union leaders refused to rule out industrial action after the chancellor of the exchequer, Gordon Brown, reiterated his call for restraint in public sector pay. The …
Validity of home-based sonographic diagnosis of obstetric risk factors by auxiliary nurse midwives in rural Nepal
Authors: Naoko Kozuki, Luke C Mullany, Subarna K Khatry, Ram K Ghimire, Sharma Paudel, Karin Blakemore, Christine Bird, James M Tielsch, Steven C LeClerq, Joanne Katz
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background Approximately 2·3 million fetal, neonatal, or maternal deaths occur annually during the intrapartum period or on the day of birth. Several risk factors for intrapartum-related complications require ultrasonography for accurate diagnosis, but sonographic services are scarce in low-resource settings. In this study, we aimed to assess the feasibility of community-based ultrasonography conducted by auxiliary nurse midwives to identify basic obstetric risk factors, in rural Sarlahi District, Nepal. We aimed to assess the validity at which these health workers can detect non-cephalic position, multiple gestation, and placenta previa and to explore whether sonographic diagnosis could improve outcomes for women with these high-risk conditions.
Testing Expands In Gene Therapy, Gene Transfer
Authors: Jill Waalen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Testing Expands In Gene Therapy, Gene Transfer Get access Jill Waalen Jill Waalen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 6, 18 March 1992, Pages 380–381, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.6.380 Published: 18 March 1992