tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: J. Shneerson, I. Smith, A. I Pack, T. Young, J R Stradling, R J O Davies, G J Gibson, K Prowse, S J G Semple, D R London, H M Engleman, S E Martin, I J Deary, N J Douglas, J. Wright, T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Superficial analysis ignores evidence on efficacy of treatmentEditor-The conclusions of John Wright and colleagues have the potential to jeopardise public health as well as patients' care; their systematic review lacks the necessary depth and understanding of the issues. 1he authors note that sleep apnoea is currently viewed as a public health concern because it is prevalent and thought to be associated with morbidity and mortality.The collective evidence from the studies included in the review supports this view; the authors' conclusions that evidence for the health effects of sleep apnoea is "weak or contradictory" and that "the relevance of sleep apnoea to public health has been exaggerated" are disturbing.The authors seem to have misinterpreted the findings of some studies.In their assessment of nine studies of hypertension judged to be methodologically adequate, the authors dismiss seven studies that show an independent association between sleep apnoea and hypertension.
Gemcitabine (GEM), cisplatin (P) and methylprednisolone: A salvage regimen in relapsed Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: J. Waters, I. Chau, A. R. Norman, M. Pollard, A. Wotherspoon, D. Cunningham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6589 Background: Relapsed HD and NHL remain a therapeutic challenge. Non-cross resistant therapy incorporating P is a standard approach, but the optimal regimen has not been defined. GEM, a novel nucleoside analogue has shown limited single agent activity in heavily pre-treated lymphomas. Synergy between P and GEM has been demonstrated. Methods: Patients (pts) had relapsed HD or NHL, received at least 1 prior chemotherapy regimen, performance status 0–2, adequate organ function. Prior treatment with P or GEM was not permitted. Pts with HIV-related lymphoma were excluded. Pts received GEM 1000 mg/m2 IV over 30 minutes d1, 8 and 15, methylprednisolone 1000 mg orally or IV d1–5, and P 100 mg/m2 IV over 4 hours with standard hydration d15. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for up to 6 cycles. The trial was planned to exclude a response rate less than 20%. An interim analysis including the first 20 pts showed a response rate of 80%. Therefore recruitment was expanded to 42 pts to allow a more precise estimate of the true response rate. Results: 42 pts enrolled; 37 evaluable for response. Pt characteristics: median age 41 yrs (range 17–68); M/F 29/13; PS 0/1/2: 13/23/5; histology: diffuse large B-cell NHL 11, T-cell NHL 6, other NHL 7, HD 18; stage I/II/III/IV: 1/10/12/19; IPI 0/1/2/3/4: 5/17/11/8/1; number of prior treatment regimens 1/2/3/>3: 18/12/3/9. Median disease-free interval: 5.0 months (range 0.4 - 48.8). 18 pts relapsed within 90 days of last chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 76% (95% CI, 58.8%–88.2%) with 7 CR, 21 PR, 7 NR and 2 PD. Median follow-up for surviving pts is 10.6 months. Median time to disease progression is 6.2 months and median overall survival 25.8 months. Toxicity was predominantly haematological. Grade 3/4 toxicity: leucopenia (50% of pts), neutropenia (63%), thrombocytopenia (20%), anaemia (7%). There was no grade 4 non-haematological toxicity. Grade 3 toxicity: nausea and vomiting (3%), diarrhoea (3%), alopecia (3%). Grade 1 and 2 neurological toxicity occurred in 40% and 6% of pts respectively. Conclusions: GEM-P is an active and feasible salvage regimen in relapsed and refractory HD and NHL. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eli Lilly Eli Lilly
Longitudinal analysis of point mutations of the N-ras proto-oncogene in patients with myelodysplasia using archived blood smears
Authors: H van Kamp, C de Pijper, M Verlaan-de Vries, JL Bos, CH Leeksma, H Kerkhofs, R Willemze, WE Fibbe, JE Landegent
Journal: Blood (1992)
Deficiency of Mouse CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Xenogeneic Pig Thymus-Grafted Nude Mice Suffering from Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Baojun Zhang, Chenming Sun, Yanyan Qu, Aijun Zhang, Jun Liu, Lianjun Zhang, Zeqing Niu, Yong Zhao
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2008)
Partial chimerism after T-cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in leukemic HLA-matched patients: a cytogenetic documentation
Authors: MF Bertheas, D Maraninchi, M Lafage, J Fraisse, D Blaise, AM Stoppa, G Michel, CP Brizard, MH Gaspard, G Novakovitch
Journal: Blood (1988)
Does the new NHS need personal medical services pilots?
Authors: Stephen Gillam
Journal: BMJ (1999)

At the time of its publication in late 1996 the Choice and Opportunity white paper was seen as heralding revolutionary changes in British general practice.1 The “listening exercise” by the then health minister, Stephen Dorrell, had identified once more the inflexibility of existing contractual arrangements as a major barrier to remedying poor quality primary care, particularly in inner cities. The Primary Care Act, squeezed through in the final weeks of the last government, allowed health authorities scope for the first time to commission primary care from any local provider within the NHS family, better tailored to meet local needs. Proposals were invited to pilot these new arrangements, though the possibility of experimenting with unified budgets for general medical services and hospital and community services was suspended. Altogether 567 bids of various shapes and sizes were received initially. After a protracted selection process 94 quietly went live in April last year. More white papers and much else have happened since the launch of this policy initiative. So do the personal medical services pilots …
Abstract 14465: Prevalence of J-wave Pattern at Standard Ecg in the General Population.
Authors: Roberto Mollo, Alessandro Cosenza, Marianna Laurito, Ilaria Coviello, Giulia Careri, Irma Battipaglia, Gaetano Pinnacchio, Gaetano Lanza, Filippo Crea
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recent studies suggested that a J-wave at ECG is associated with an increased risk of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. However, the exact prevalence of J-wave and its association with clin...
Heat Shock Protein 90 Inhibitor NVP-AUY922 Has Potent Anti-Tumor Activity With Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma Cells
Authors: Hiroaki Taniguchi, Hiroo Hasegawa, Daisuke Sasaki, Koji Ando, Yasushi Sawayama, Yoshitaka Imaizumi, Daisuke Imanishi, Jun Taguchi, Tomoko Hata, Kunihiro Tsukasaki, Katsunori Yanagihara, Naoki Mori, Yasushi Miyazaki
Journal: Blood (2013)
Baby massage oils could be a hazard
Authors: R. Joyce, A. Frosh
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Table 1-Comparison of intemal malignancies between patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas and controls Malignancy Cases Controls Haematological* 5 Ot Breast 3 1 Gastrointestinal tract 1 2 Genitournary tract 4 4 Total 13 7 *Four patients had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and one had chronic myeloid leukaemia.tP = 0.0625, McNemar's test (StatXact Turbo statistical package).
Comparison of the effects of cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy on hopelessness and self-concept
Authors: A J Rush, A T Beck, M Kovacs, J Weissenburger, S D Hollon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors examined the effects of cognitive therapy and imipramine on hopelessness and self-concept in 35 unipolar nonpsychotic depressed outpatients who were treated with either modality over approximately 11 weeks. Compared with imipramine, cognitive therapy resulted in significantly greater improvements in hopelessness and more generalized gains in self-concept. Thus, cognitive therapy may offer a particular advantage in reducing hopelessness and improving low self-concept in depression.
Small Molecule Activation Of Pyruvate Kinase Normalizes Metabolic Activity In Red Cells From Patients With Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency-Associated Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: Charles Kung, Jeff Hixon, Penelope Kosinski, Gavin Histen, Collin Hill, Yaguang Si, Andrew Kernytsky, Yue Chen, Byron DeLaBarre, Michelle Clasquin, Helen Ho, Furha I. Cossor, Ellis J. Neufeld, Frank Salituro, Janeta Popovici-Muller, Samuel Agresta, Lee Silverman, Lenny Dang
Journal: Blood (2013)
New Molecular Evidence That Oct-4 Is Truly Expressed In a Rare Population Of Developmental Early Stem Cells In Human Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB) and That Epigenetic Modification Of Imprinting At Igf2-H19 Locus Regulates Their Quiescent State – Potential Implications For Regenerative Medicine
Authors: J Heo, Dong Myung Shin, Kasia Mierzejewska, Malwina Suszynska, Janina Ratajczak, Magdalena Kucia, Mariusz Z Ratajczak
Journal: Blood (2013)
Loss-of-function mutations in the <i>C9ORF72</i> mouse ortholog cause fatal autoimmune disease
Authors: Aaron Burberry, Naoki Suzuki, Jin-Yuan Wang, Rob Moccia, Daniel A. Mordes, Morag H. Stewart, Satomi Suzuki-Uematsu, Sulagna Ghosh, Ajay Singh, Florian T. Merkle, Kathryn Koszka, Quan-Zhen Li, Leonard Zon, Derrick J. Rossi, Jennifer J. Trowbridge, Luigi D. Notarangelo, Kevin Eggan
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

C9ORF72 mutations are found in a significant fraction of patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia, yet the function of the C9ORF72 gene product remains poorly understood. We show that mice harboring loss-of-function mutations in the ortholog of C9ORF72 develop splenomegaly, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia, increased expression of inflammatory cytokines, and severe autoimmunity, ultimately leading to a high mortality rate. Transplantation of mutant mouse bone marrow into wild-type recipients was sufficient to recapitulate the phenotypes observed in the mutant animals, including autoimmunity and premature mortality. Reciprocally, transplantation of wild-type mouse bone marrow into mutant mice improved their phenotype. We conclude that C9ORF72 serves an important function within the hematopoietic system to restrict inflammation and the development of autoimmunity.
Wall between neurology and psychiatry
Authors: Jon Stone, Alan Carson, Michael Sharpe
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—The editorial by Baker et al highlights the nonsensical way in which psychiatric and neurological disorders and the doctors who look after them have been divided over the past 100 years and how modern neuroscience is bringing them closer together again.1-1

Where is the wall between the two specialties at its thickest? Not in academic research, where distinctions between mind and brain in schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and depression are already largely abandoned. Perhaps in training? It is true that opportunities for a neurologist to gain psychiatric skills (and a psychiatrist to gain neurological skills)—in the United Kingdom and United States anyway—are limited and the scope for improvement is huge. But generally a patient with Parkinson's disease who also has delusional disorder will receive attention and treatment. Similarly, psychiatrists continue to look for neurological disease in their patients much more often than they find it.

The thickest part of the wall and the greatest challenge to these two disciplines is in the area of functional neurological symptoms or neurological symptoms unexplained by disease. Freud, cited in the article as a prototypical neuropsychiatrist, was initially a neurologist, but he abandoned the clinicopathological model to explain hysteria. It was this proposal that drove the greatest schism between mind and brain 100 years ago.

Up to one third of all new neurology outpatients have symptoms such as dizziness, numbness, pain, weakness, and blackouts that are neither explained by disease nor “functional.” Neither neurology nor psychiatry is particularly interested in them, and basic neuroscience has made only embryonic inroads into their understanding. Important aspects of functional neurological symptoms, such as illness beliefs and the interaction of cultural factors, may forever remain outside the reach of the scanner. To break down the wall truly, neurology and psychiatry must not simply focus on those symptoms where biology has permitted dialogue. In the 19th century physicians of nervous disorders brought important social, psychological, and biological perspectives to the symptoms they observed. Let's hope in our rush to examine the brains of our patients we do not forget to listen to what they are saying.
Meta-analysis of randomized trials testing the biochemical modulation of fluorouracil by methotrexate in metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: P Piedbois, M Buyse, G Blijham, B Glimelius, RB Herrmann, F Valone, R Carlson, M Machiavelli, C Delfino, A Abad, N Petrelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)
Relative Contributions of Socioeconomic, Local Environmental, Psychosocial, Lifestyle/Behavioral, Biophysiological, and Ancestral Factors to Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rebecca S. Piccolo, S.V. Subramanian, Neil Pearce, Jose C. Florez, John B. McKinlay
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S. have a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than white adults. While many independent risk factors for T2DM have been identified, these determinants are often viewed in isolation without considering the joint contributions of competing risk factors. The objective of this study was to assess the relative contributions of six domains of influence to racial/ethnic disparities in T2DM.Cross-sectional analyses were conducted using the Boston Area Community Health III Survey (2010-2012), the third wave of a population-based sample of men and women from three racial/ethnic groups (black, Hispanic, white) living in Boston, Massachusetts (N = 2,764). Prevalent diabetes was defined by self-report of T2DM, fasting glucose >125 mg/dL, or HbA1c ≥6.5%. Structural equation models were constructed to evaluate the direct effects of each conceptual domain of influence on T2DM prevalence, as well as their indirect effects on the race/ethnicity-T2DM relationship. All direct and indirect pathways were included.The final model indicated that 38.9% and 21.8% of the total effect of black race and Hispanic ethnicity, respectively, on T2DM prevalence was mediated by the socioeconomic, environmental, psychosocial, and lifestyle/behavioral risk scores. The largest mediating influence was the socioeconomic risk score, which explained 21.8% and 26.2% of the total effect of black race and Hispanic ethnicity, respectively.Our study found that socioeconomic factors had the greatest impact on explaining the excess prevalence of T2DM among racial/ethnic minorities.
Polydopamine Hollow Nanoparticle Functionalized with <i>N</i>‐diazeniumdiolates as a Nitric Oxide Delivery Carrier for Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Dongsik Park, Jihoon Kim, Yeong Mi Lee, Junghong Park, Won Jong Kim
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A biocompatible nitric oxide (NO) delivery nanoplatform, whose structure is a hollow nanoparticle composed of polydopamine backbone and diazeniumdiolates functional groups, is developed for antibacterial therapy. This platform liberates high NO quantitis and exerts the antibacterial activity with excellent biocompatibility thus being promising for treating bacterial infections. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Case 29-1966
Authors: Marshall K. Bartlett, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

Presentation of Case First admission. A sixty-year-old woman entered the hospital for further treatment of carcinoma of the cervix.She had been well, except for the presence of hypertension for many years, until fourteen months previously, when vaginal staining began, nine years after the menopause. A supracervical hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and appendectomy were performed at another hospital. Eight months before admission a profuse vaginal hemorrhage occurred; the patient fainted and was brought to the hospital, where an ulcerated nodule of the uterine cervix was found. A course of x-ray therapy was directed to the pelvis, providing an estimated dose . . .
A new management model of oral outpatient chemotherapy featured by concerted interventions by physicians and pharmacists
Authors: Reiko Makihara, Hironobu Hashimoto, Noriko Watanabe, Yoko Sato, Sayuri Hatano, Hideki Ueno, Yasuhide Yamada, Takushi Okusaka, Yoshinori Makino, Yoshikazu Hayashi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Pharmacokinetic (PK) effects and safety of olaparib in combination with tamoxifen, anastrozole, or letrozole: Phase I study.
Authors: Ruth Plummer, Henk M.W. Verheul, Marlies HG Langenberg, Karin Leunen, L Rhoda Molife, Christian Diego Rolfo, Peter Grundtvig Soerensen, Jacques De Greve, Sylvie Rottey, Guy Heinrich Maria Jerusalem, Antoine Italiano, James F. Spicer, Luc Yves Dirix, Carsten Dietrich Goessl, Joseph Birkett, Stuart Spencer, Maria Learoyd, Emma Jane Dean
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

2562 Background: The PARP inhibitorolaparib (Lynparza) is being evaluated in combination with other anticancer agents. We investigated the steady-state (ss) PK effects and safety of olaparib (tablet) co-administered with the anti-hormonal agents tamoxifen, anastrozole, or letrozole. Methods: An open-label, nonrandomized study was conducted in 79 eligible patients with advanced solid tumors. During three consecutive treatment periods, patients received: (1) olaparib 300 mg twice daily (bd) for 5 days, followed by a 4-day washout period; (2) either tamoxifen 60 mg once daily (qd) for 4 days (loading dose) then 20 mg qd to day 26 (n=30), or anastrozole 1 mg qd to day 19 (n=23), or letrozole 2.5 mg qd to day 38 (n=26); (3) same as treatment period 2 concomitantly with olaparib 300 mg bd for 5 days. Blood samples for PK analysis were taken at ss. Safety was monitored throughout. Results: Olaparib AUC0-t and Cmax decreased by 27% and 20%, respectively, when co-administered with tamoxifen. Anastrozole and letrozole had no relevant impact on ss exposure to olaparib. Olaparib had minimal effects on ss exposure to tamoxifen, anastrozole or letrozole. Most AEs were of mild or moderate severity and as expected in this patient population. Conclusions: Exposure to olaparib decreased slightly when given with tamoxifen; tamoxifen exposure increased slightly when given with olaparib. These effects were considered unlikely to be clinically significant and no dose adjustments for either drugare required. There were no drug interactions between olaparib and letrozole or anastrozole. Safety data were consistent with the known safety profiles of study drugs. Clinical trial information: NCT02093351.Comparison Reference boundary* Cmax GLS mean ratio AUC0-t GLS mean ratio Point estimate 90% CI Point estimate 90% CI T + O vs O 0.7–1.43 0.80 0.71–0.90 0.73 0.63–0.84 A + O vs O 0.7–1.43 0.94 0.84–1.04 0.89 0.76–1.05 L + O vs O 0.7–1.43 1.09 0.99–1.21 1.15 1.07–1.25 T + O vs T 0.7–1.43 1.13 1.06–1.22 1.16 1.11–1.21 A + O vs A 0.8–1.25 0.90 0.84–0.97 0.86 0.80–0.93 L + O vs L 0.8–1.25 0.94 0.91–0.98 0.95 0.91–0.99 *90% CIs falling within this boundary indicate lack of interaction. Abbreviations: O, olaparib; T, tamoxifen; A, anastrozole; L, letrozole; GLS, geometric least squares.
Subgroup analyses in <i>RAS</i> mutant, <i>BRAF</i> mutant and all-wt mCRC pts treated with FOLFOXIRI plus bevacizumab (bev) or FOLFIRI plus bev in the TRIBE study.
Authors: Fotios Loupakis, Chiara Cremolini, Sara Lonardi, Gianluca Tomasello, Monica Ronzoni, Alberto Zaniboni, Giuseppe Tonini, Chiara Valsuani, Silvana Chiara, Corrado Boni, Lorenzo Marcucci, Francesca Negri, Carlo Barone, Stefano Vitello, Mauro D'Amico, Cristina Granetto, Gabriella Fontanini, Daniela Tomcikova, Luca Boni, Alfredo Falcone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

3519 Background: Phase III TRIBE trial demonstrated that first-line FOLFOXIRI plus bev improved PFS and RECIST response and, at adjusted analyses, OS as compared to FOLFIRI plus bev. The prognostic and/or predictive effect to anti-EGFRs of RAS and BRAFmutation is well established. We conducted this post-hoc analysis in the TRIBE study in order to describe the predictive and prognostic effect of each molecular cathegory. Methods: Mutational analyses were centralized at the Coordinating Center. Mutations within KRAS and NRAS codon 12, 13 and 61 and BRAF codon 600 were analyzed by means of pyrosequencing in tumoral DNA extracted from primaries or metastases. Pts not bearing RAS or BRAFmutations were defined as "all wt". Results: Molecular results are available for 375 out of 508 randomized pts (73.8%). KRAS, NRAS and BRAF were found mutated (mut) in 198 (52.8%), 20 (5.3%) and 28 (7.5%) cases, respectively. All wt pts were 129 (34.4%). Predictive analyses: see table. No significant interaction between RAS or BRAF status and treatment effect was reported in PFS or OS. All wt pts treated with upfront FOLFOXIRI plus bev achieved median PFS and OS of 13.3 and 41.7 mos, respectively. Prognostic analyses: as compared to all wt pts, BRAF mut had significantly shorter PFS (HR: 2.29 [1.49-3.52], p=0.0002) and OS (HR: 3.31 [2.03-5.39], p<0.0001) while for RASmut no difference in PFS was detected (HR: 1.15 [0.91-1.45], p=0.256), but OS was significantly shorter (HR: 1.48 [1.09-2.00], p=0.012). Conclusions: Benefit from FOLFOXIRI plus bev was independent of RAS and BRAF mutational status, with a trend toward a larger benefit in BRAF mut limited by small subgroup size. All wt pts treated with FOLFOXIRI plus bev achieved impressive PFS and OS results. Independently from the treatment received RAS or BRAFmut pts had shorter long-term survival. Clinical trial information: NCT00719797. FOLFIRI+bev FOLFOXIRI+bev HR (95%CI) mPFS mOS mPFS mOS PFS OS All wt (N=129) 11.3 34.4 13.3 41.7 0.77 (0.52-1.12) 0.84 (0.51-1.38) RAS mut (N=218) 9.5 23.1 12.0 28.6 0.82 (0.62-1.09) 0.86 (0.61-1.23) BRAF mut (N=28) 5.5 10.8 7.5 19.1 0.56 (0.20-1.14) 0.55 (0.24-1.23)