tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4458: The burden of cancer in Japan
Authors: Nobuo Koinuma
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objectives: The burden of cancer to society is growing significantly in terms of human suffering and cost. The burden of cancer in Japan is projected to grow due to the tendency of the morbidity and mortality to increase and the technical progress in treatment. The problem of the patients who cannot undergo required cancer care due to economic reasons has been increasing rapidly. In our universal health insurance system, patients are responsible for 10-30% copayments for medical services, and there is a ceiling on copayments set most recently at $970 per month for middle-income families. However, patients still have a considerable economic burden and it is critical to cope with the problem adequately so that all patients have access to appropriate and up-to-date care. Methods: We surveyed the actual situation of the burden of patients on a national scale. We asked patients to tabulate their concrete expenses in connection with cancer care in a questionnaire by looking at receipts and a household account book. We also conducted the survey for their attending physicians. Results: The annual out-of-pocket expenses including direct and indirect expenses were an average of $11,200, and the refund mostly from the private insurance benefits was $7,000 (n= 6,604; 63.3 years old) on average. The balance ($4,200) is their real expenses. The out-of-pocket expenses in molecular-targeted therapy and in heavy ion cancer treatment were $13,400 (n=1,032) and $46,700 (n=388) respectively. The expenses differ by the lesion and stage of cancer and the treatment. For example, in case of colon cancer the expenses in stage 3 and stage 4 were $10,900 (n=59) and $18,300 (n=77) respectively. The mean and median of the expenses for trastuzumab (n=199) were $10,600 and $9,800 and those for bevacizumab (n= 144) were $14,200 and $12,500 respectively. The 34% patients with colon cancer were between $11,100 and $ 33,300 in their household income and 39% were below $ 77,800 in their savings (n= 223). 62% of those had to withdraw the savings to pay the fee for medical services. 1.5 in-patients and 1.6 outpatients per month and per doctor had to change or discontinue the most appropriate treatment for economic reasons according to the survey for physicians. Conclusion: The burden of cancer is growing for both society and patients. The growth rate of the medical expenses of cancer care from 2000 to 2009 in Japan was 42.1%, more than three times the growth of the national medical expenditure. In order to deliver the high quality and equitable cancer care, it is important to discuss the cost with patients and to minimize the economic burden of patients in clinical settings through appropriate policy making. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4458. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4458
P208 Impact of Morning Symptoms Experienced by COPD Patients on Exacerbation Risk, Rescue Inhaler Usage and Normal Daily Activities
Authors: M Small, S Broomfield, R Pollard, S Fermer
Journal: Thorax (2012)

Impact of morning symptoms experienced by COPD patients on exacerbation risk, rescue inhaler usage and normal daily activities <h3>Background</h3> Patients consider the impact of COPD on morning activities to be substantial. Evidence of the association of morning symptoms and the impact on the entire day with poor breathing control contributes to the understanding of their importance for managing COPD patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To quantify the impact of morning symptoms experienced by patients receiving inhaled corticosteroid plus long-acting β<sub>2</sub>-agonist (ICS/LABA) by association with exacerbation frequency, rescue usage and impact on daily activities. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were drawn from a real world study of consulting COPD patients in the USA and Europe in 2011. Results were tested for significance (p&lt;0.05) using Mann-Whitney and negative binomial regressions. Confounders included age, gender, BMI, comorbidities, severity, smoking status and adherence. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 3790 patients in the study, 593 were receiving ICS/LABA-only (+/– rescue). Of the 177 patients reported to experience morning symptoms, cough (65.5%) and excess sputum (53.1%) were the most common. Compared with patients without morning symptoms, these patients were associated with higher mean exacerbation frequency in the last 12 months (1.04 vs 0.63 p&lt;0.001), rescue usage per day (0.58 vs 0.46 p=0.025) and daytime impact on a 7-point Likert scale where 7 represents a constant impact (3.61 vs 3.00 p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Morning symptoms were associated with significantly more impaired breathing control for patients treated with ICS/LABA-only therapy. The association implies morning symptoms are an important indicator when assessing the impact of COPD and their presence suggests that further therapeutic intervention may be necessary.
OP0201-HPR Development of user- focused standards of care for rheumatoid arthritis the www.eumusc.net project - work package 5
Authors: M. Stoffer, J. Smolen, A. Woolf, T. Stamm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The EUMUSC.net project facilitates cooperation between EU Member States and promotes a comprehensive European strategy to optimise musculoskeletal health. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of Work package 5, as a part of the EUMUSC.net project, was to develop evidence based and user-focused standards of care (SOC), for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review of international documents covering SOC for RA was conducted. National scientific societies, social leagues and health professional associations were contacted via the EULAR secretariat and asked to provide relevant documents. Documents concerning pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions published after 2002 were included. The obtained documents were evaluated based on the AGREE II criteria (www.agreetrust.org). All recommended methods to treat RA were extracted, as well as information on them and all recommendations given. Each of these methods was discussed in a consensus group meeting of 21 EUMUSC.net researchers and patient representatives from different countries regarding priority and relevance in their home countries as well as possible interrelation with other methods. A scheme was developed with groups of interventions and formulated in a way that could be understood by users. To this end, conventional DMARDs, biological agents, NSAIDs, were grouped under pharmacological treatment. Giving up smoking, weight control and physical activity were grouped under Lifestyle Interventions. <h3>Results</h3> 49 types of therapies or other interventions, such as DMARDs, biological agents, exercise based-, activity based interventions, were extracted from the documents and could be grouped into seven types of interventions, namely Pharmacological Treatment, Monitoring, Lifestyle Interventions, Surgery, Education/Information/Self Management, Non- Pharmacological Treatment and Access to care. From these data 16 user-focused standards of care were formulated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The lay version of the user-focused SOC will be available in all 23 official languages of the European Union for the information of people with RA across all member states. This work should contribute to the harmonization of RA treatment in Europe. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Let's End the Nonprofit Charade
Authors: M M Hasan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The health care delivery system in America is undergoing a series of revolutionary changes. What was once a system of retrospective, cost-based reimbursement is rapidly becoming a market-based system of focused, coordinated care. It is my contention that these changes are in the best interests of consumers, patients, physicians, and payers and are imperative for a healthy economy. Such a system represents the only viable alternative to a government-run health care delivery system.Investor-owned health plans are a driving force behind this transformation, and nonprofit health plans, in my view, are a byproduct of the past. The tax advantages, financing, . . .
P400 PHOSPHORYLATION OF ABCB4 IS NECESSARY FOR PHOSPHATIDYLCHOLINE SECRETION: INSIGHTS FROM DISEASE-CAUSING VARIANTS
Authors: J. Gautherot, D. Delautier, M.-A. Maubert, T. Aït-Slimane, G. Bolbach, J.-L. Delaunay, A.-M. Durand-Schneider, V. Barbu, N. Chignard, C. Housset, M. Maurice, T. Falguières
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract 2788: Characterization of an <i>in vivo</i> generated subpopulation of human LnCaP prostate cancer cells as an improved testosterone-dependent <i>in vivo</i> mouse xenograft model for compound testing.
Authors: Andreas Lingnau, Steffen Hoffmann, Cynthia Schaefer-Obodozie, Ulrike Leisegang, Andreas Klotzbuecher, Christoph Schaechtele
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer entities in men. It can be estimated that in 80% of all men reaching the age of 80 years prostate tumors are present. Since a depletion of testosterone in prostate cancer therapies is often performed, androgen-dependent and -independent prostate carcinoma cell lines have been widely used to establish mouse in vivo xenograft models in order to identify novel drugs helping to eliminate prostate tumors. A commercially available LnCaP cell line was shown to be androgen-dependent since addition of synthetic androgens to androgen-free culture medium was able to restore proper cell proliferation in cell culture. However, when implanted in SCID mice in order to establish a xenograft model, the take rate turned out to be very low and tumor growth was highly heterogeneously. Therefore, we resected and recultivated one of the few well-growing tumors and reimplanted the arising subpopulation subcutaneously in mice. After performing two rounds of this “subpopulationing” procedure we could generate a new cell line, LnCaP-Z2, which was able to form tumors in mice with a take rate of nearly 100%, but still shows heterogenous tumor growth similar to other subcutaneously implanted prostate cancer cells (e.g. PC-3). In order to demonstrate an androgen dependency of our new LnCaP subpopulation model in vivo we used castrated mice and implanted them subcutaneously with two different prostate cancer cell lines in the absence or presence of also subcutaneously inoculated testosterone pellets. Whereas no influence of testosterone was detectable on the growth behavior of subcutaneous PC-3 xenograft tumors, the development of the LnCaP-Z2 xenografts was strictly dependent on testosterone release. Finally, treatment of Bicalutamide, a typical member of the class of anti-androgens, which is frequently used in the treatment of prostate cancer, led to significant inhibition of tumor growth using our improved subpopulation LnCaP-Z2 in vivo model. Thus, we could demonstrate the model's potency as a testosterone-dependent in vivo tool suitable for screening and development of novel anti-prostate cancer drugs. Citation Format: Andreas Lingnau, Steffen Hoffmann, Cynthia Schaefer-Obodozie, Ulrike Leisegang, Andreas Klotzbuecher, Christoph Schaechtele. Characterization of an in vivo generated subpopulation of human LnCaP prostate cancer cells as an improved testosterone-dependent in vivo mouse xenograft model for compound testing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2788. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2788
AB0891 Long-Term Cumulative Organ Damage Assessment in A Cohort of Patients with Juvenile Dermatomyositis: Table 1
Authors: E. Quesada-Masachs, C. Díaz-Mendoza, G. Άvila-Pedretti, C.-P. Simeon-Aznar, A. Selva-O'Callaghan, C. Modesto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To assess cumulative organ damage in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients after long term disease and to establish the possible relationship between the final damage score and the treatment received during the first year of disease. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study was conducted in a cohort of patients with JDM followed in a Unit of Pediatric Rheumatology from December 1985 to October 2013. The cumulative organ damage was evaluated using the Myositis Damage Index (MDI), a score which assesses the presence of damage in 11 organs/systems (minimal score value 0- maximum 38). This score includes two variants: the cumulative MDI score which covers all damage present for at least 6 months during the entire disease course and the actual MDI score which measures the damage that is clinically detectable at the time of the visit. A physician visual analogue scale (VAS) (0-10 cm) was used to assess the severity of total damage at last follow-up. Data regarding the received treatment was recorded. <h3>Results</h3> The sample included 16 patients, 8 females and 8 males. The mean age at diagnosis was 7.68 years (range 2.75-14.4). The mean time of follow-up since disease onset was 11 years (range 1.2-28). Patients who received disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARD) biological or not biological during the first year of JDM course were considered as “aggressively” treated (n=11), while patients who didn9t receive immunomodulatory drugs during the first year were considered as “non aggressively” treated (N=5). Data referred to extension and severity of damage is recorded in table 1 (see below). MDI score after 1 year of follow-up, cumulative MDI and actual MDI measured at last follow-up as well as the physician assessment of the severity of total damage (VAS) are expressed as mean and range. The systems more frequently involved were: skin (87.5%), muscular (87.5%), endocrine (43.75%) and skeletal (25%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Data obtained suggests that in JDM intensification of treatment during the first year after disease onset could be a factor that determines the total cumulative damage to the same extent as the clinical course. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4398
Breath-Holding Spells and Anemia
Authors: Jean Holowach, Donald L. Thurston
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IN the long-term care of children with convulsive disorders we have become increasingly aware of the frequent occurrence of a significant degree of anemia in those who have breath-holding spells. Such a correlation has not previously been reported. The primary purpose of this study was to test the validity of this observation and to determine its significance.Methods and MaterialsOne hundred and sixty records of children with breath-holding spells were reviewed. This number included all patients seen at St. Louis Children's Hospital from 1934 to 1961 (51) and all registered in the convulsive outpatient clinic from 1951 to 1961 . . .
Abstract 2994: Constitutional telomere length correlates with colorectal cancer (CRC), but varies by age of cancer onset
Authors: Lisa A. Boardman, Ruth A. Johnson, Halcyon G. Skinner, Songwon Seo, Ronald Gangnon, Kristin Litzelman, Corinne Engelman, Stephen N. Thibodeau, Gloria M. Petersen, Julie M. Cunningham
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Short constitutional telomere length is associated with aging and cancer, but the correlation of telomere length and age at diagnosis of CRC has not been evaluated. Methods: We measured telomere length using quantitative PCR of peripheral blood leukocyte DNA in 1026 individuals diagnosed with MSS CRC who were ≤60 years of age and were chemo-radiotherapy naïve at the time of blood draw. We compared telomere length with 1972 unrelated healthy controls who were frequency matched for gender and age at time of blood collection. We used constructed percentiles of telomere length using the data from the controls. Results: Overall, regardless of cancer status, there was a weak negative correlation of telomere length with age such that as age increased telomere length decreased (Pearson correlation coefficient =−0.1, p&amp;lt; 0.0001); and men had shorter telomeres than women (p=0.0002). The odds ratio (OR) for MSS CRC increased with longer telomere length (OR 1.62 [CI: 1.31-1.99] for those with telomere lengths in the 90th percentile compared to those with telomere lengths in the 50th percentile. In multivariate analysis with adjustment for gender, BMI, smoking, alcohol, and diabetes, telomere length remained an independent risk factor for CRC (p&amp;lt; 0.001), with interaction between telomere length and age (≤50, longer telomeres increased CRC risk; &amp;gt; 50 years old, increasing telomere length associated with decreased CRC risk). Risk was higher for MSS CRC ≤50 years for patients with telomere lengths in the 90th percentile compared to those in the 50th percentile (OR 2.31; CI:1.65-3.23). For subjects diagnosed 50-60 yrs, longer telomere length was associated with lower risk of CRC, and shorter telomere length was associated with the development of CRC (OR 1.22 for telomere lengths in the 10th percentile compared to those in the 50th percentile (OR 1.22:CI; 1.05-1.43). Conclusion: Telomere dynamics appear to influence MSS CRC risk and may differ on the basis of age of cancer diagnosis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2994. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2994
The Influence of the Probability of Survival on Patients' Preferences Regarding Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Donald J. Murphy, David Burrows, Sara Santilli, Anne W. Kemp, Scott Tenner, Barbara Kreling, Joan Teno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Studies suggest that a majority of elderly patients would want to undergo cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if they had a cardiac arrest. Yet few studies have examined their preferences after clinicians have informed them about the outcomes of CPR.To study older patients' preferences regarding CPR, we interviewed as many ambulatory patients as possible in one geriatrics practice in Denver from August 1, 1991, through July 31, 1992.A total of 371 patients at least 60 years of age were eligible; 287 completed the interview (mean age, 77 years; range, 60 to 99). When asked about their wishes if they had cardiac arrest during an acute illness, 41 percent opted for CPR before learning the probability of survival to discharge. After learning the probability of survival (10 to 17 percent), 22 percent opted for CPR. Only 6 percent of patients 86 years of age or older opted for CPR under these conditions. When asked about a chronic illness in which the life expectancy was less than one year, 11 percent of the 287 patients opted for CPR before learning the probability of survival to discharge. After learning the probability of survival (0 to 5 percent), 5 percent said they would want CPR.Older patients readily understand prognostic information, which influences their preferences with respect to CPR. Most do not want to undergo CPR once a clinician explains the probability of survival after the procedure.
THU0243 A Comparison of Fenofibrate and Simvastatin Anti-Inflammatory Effects in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: I. Shirinsky, O. Polovnikova, N. Kalinovskaya, V. Shirinsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Statins have been demonstrated to reduce disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. There is growing evidence that another class of hypolipidemic drugs – PPARalpha agonists, or fibrates, may play a role in the treatment of RA. There is a lack of data on comparative effects of statins and fibrates in RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate comparative anti-inflammatory effects of fenofibrate and simvastatin in patients with active RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively compared clinical efficacy of fenofibrate and simvastatin in similar groups of patients with active RA who had participated in two respective open-label before-after clinical trials performed in a single center. The main eligibility criteria were fulfillment of ACR criteria and DAS28 &gt; 3.2. Each group consisted of 33 patients. Patients received treatment with 145 mg of micronised fenofibrate or 40 mg simvastatin per day for 12 weeks. Evaluations were made at baseline and at weeks 4, 8 and 12. Clinical efficacy outcomes recorded were: DAS28, individual DAS28 components, ACR responses, HAQ, pain levels (VAS), and ESR. Longitudinal changes in clinical efficacy parameters were compared between groups using generalized estimating equations (GEE). The models were adjusted for baseline patients' age, disease duration, concomitant disease modifying antirheumatic drugs use, and baseline disease activity. <h3>Results</h3> The mean duration of disease was 8.2 (IQR 2.4,19) years and 9 (IQR 6,13) years in fenofibrate and simvastatin groups, respectively. The fenofibrate group had slightly lower baseline disease activity (6.3 (SD 0.8) vs 6.8 (SD 0.8), p=0.009). Moderate EULAR response was achieved in 17 (51.5% ) patients receiving fenofibrate and 11 (33.3)% patients who were prescribed simvastatin. Using GEE analysis, fenofibrate treatment was shown to be associated with a greater reduction in DAS28, swollen joint count, and patient's assessment of general health. There was also a trend towards improvement in ESR in fenofibrate group (Table). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of this retrospective analysis suggest that in active RA patients fenofibrate may have more pronounced anti-inflammatory effects that simvastatin. These findings have to be confirmed in a randomized study. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared