tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a confirmatory factor analysis of competing models
Authors: V Peralta, M J Cuesta
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The aim of the study was to examine different models of the factor structure of negative symptoms in schizophrenia through the use of a confirmatory factor analysis procedure.The cohort comprised 253 inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-III-R criteria. Negative symptoms were evaluated with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Seven alternative models of negative symptoms were compared by means of confirmatory factor analysis.The unidimensional model fit the data modestly. More complex multifactorial models fit the data better than simpler models. Both five-dimension models corresponding to the original SANS structure fit the data quite well; the model excluding inappropriate affect from the SANS was the best adjusted.Multidimensional models fit the data better than the unidimensional model. The data provide evidence for the factorial validity of the SANS and the characterization of the SANS subscales as true underlying dimensions of observable negative symptoms.
Professional pathways towards excellence in sports physiotherapy: opportunities and barriers
Authors: Adam G Culvenor
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

If you want to be around in 10 years you’ve got to do something to differentiate yourself from the pack. Christopher Evans

The number of physiotherapists around the world is increasing. Data from the UK show that the number of registered physiotherapists increased by 41% between 2000 and 2009.1 In Canada, a 7.5% increase in the number of registered physiotherapists occurred between 2007 and 2011.2 The increase in the number of undergraduate and graduate entry physiotherapy programmes in Australia has also created higher numbers of qualified physiotherapists.3 While this growth in the international physiotherapy profession is positive, particularly in regard to meeting current and future needs of an ageing global population, a higher number of physiotherapists may create professional and personal challenges. Such challenges likely include greater market competition to attract consumers (ie, patients) in the private sector, and a greater number of candidates applying for particular physiotherapy positions; good for organisations, more difficult for individual …
Links between Transcription, Environmental Adaptation and Gene Variability in<i>Escherichia coli</i>: Correlations between Gene Expression and Gene Variability Reflect Growth Efficiencies
Authors: Jean-Paul Feugeas, Jerome Tourret, Adrien Launay, Odile Bouvet, Claire Hoede, Erick Denamur, Olivier Tenaillon
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Gene expression is known to be the principle factor explaining how fast genes evolve. Highly transcribed genes evolve slowly because any negative impact caused by a particular mutation is magnified by protein abundance. However, gene expression is a phenotype that depends both on the environment and on the strains or species. We studied this phenotypic plasticity by analyzing the transcriptome profiles of four Escherichia coli strains grown in three different culture media, and explored how expression variability was linked to gene allelic diversity. Genes whose expression changed according to the media and not to the strains were less polymorphic than other genes. Genes for which transcription depended predominantly on the strain were more polymorphic than other genes and were involved in sensing and responding to environmental changes, with an overrepresentation of two-component system genes. Surprisingly, we found that the correlation between transcription and gene diversity was highly variable among growth conditions and could be used to quantify growth efficiency of a strain in a medium. Genetic variability was found to increase with gene expression in poor growth conditions. As such conditions are also characterized by down-regulation of all DNA repair systems, including transcription-coupled repair, we suggest that gene expression under stressful conditions may be mutagenic and thus leads to a variability in mutation rate among genes in the genome which contributes to the pattern of protein evolution.
Human Implications of the Work on Experimental Hepatomas&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C BERMAN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Human Implications of the Work on Experimental Hepatomas Charles Berman, M.D. Charles Berman, M.D. Consolidated Main Reef Mine HospitalMaraisburg, Transvaal, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue Supplement_5, April 1955, Pages 1645–1650, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.Supplement_5.1645 Published: 01 April 1955
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFAREIntra-abdominal Hemorrhage after HysterectomyA forty-three-year-old woman had had three previous uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries, and had never had any prior bleeding tendency. She was delivered at term by low forceps. The apparently intact placenta was delivered three minutes later, and there was no unusual bleeding after the third stage. The hospital course until discharge six days later was completely without incident.Thirteen days after delivery, the patient was readmitted to the hospital with profuse vaginal bleeding. The blood pressure, previously normal, was now 152 systolic, 82 diastolic, and she complained of headache. Under spinal anesthesia, . . .
Case 39-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Bryan T. Woods, George M. Kleinman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of ataxia.She was well until nine years earlier, when she began to have an unsteady gait. Six years before admission a neurologist found a bland affect and a depressed appearance; her mental status was intact. No nystagmus, facial weakness, or dysarthria was evident. The finger-to-nose test elicited slight unsteadiness, and heel-to-shin movements were not normally smooth or rapid. She wavered when standing with her feet less than 8 cm apart; when performing tandem gait she veered to the left or right after three to five steps. Sensory . . .
P-122 Phase I study of S-1, irinotecan plus oxaliplatin combination therapy (S-IROX) for Unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: M. Sasaki, H. Ueno, S. Shiba, H. Hosoi, O. Akihiro, Y. Sakamoto, S. Kondo, C. Morizane, T. Okusaka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Patient care will worsen, warn NHS finance chiefs
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

An increasing number of NHS finance directors say that the quality of care in their organisation will deteriorate during 2016-17, according to a survey by Healthcare Financial Management Association (HFMA).1

The poll of more than 200 finance directors from NHS hospital trusts and clinical commissioning groups (CCGs) in England found that more than one in five (22%) believed that quality of care would worsen during 2016-17. This compared with …
ECG Response: April 21, 2015
Authors: Philip Podrid
Journal: Circulation (2015)

ECG Challenge Response 1458ECG A shows a rhythm that is regular with several long RR intervals (↔); therefore, the rhythm is regularly irregular.The rate is 210 bpm.The QRS complex duration is normal (0.08 second) and has a normal morphology.The axis is leftward, approximately -30° (positive QRS complex in lead I, negative in lead aVF, and isoelectric in lead II).Regular atrial waveforms are seen (+) at a rate of 240 bpm.The waveforms are negative in leads II and aVF.During the pauses (in which 2 sequential atrial waveforms are present), it can be seen that the atrial waves are continuously undulating (sawtooth), which is characteristic of atrial flutter, even though the atrial rate is slower than is typically seen with atrial flutter (ie, 260-320 bpm).There is primarily 1:1 conduction.However, the long RR intervals (↔) are the result of a nonconducted flutter wave (^), representing 2:1 atrioventricular block.However, before the nonconducted flutter wave, there is progressive lengthening of the flutter to the QRS complex interval (└┘).This is therefore a pattern of Mobitz type I or Wenckebach.ECG B shows a regular rhythm at a rate of 105 bpm.The QRS complex duration, morphology, and axis are identical to what is seen in ECG A. The QT/QTc intervals are normal (320/415 milliseconds).Clear atrial waveforms are seen (^) at a rate of 210 bpm, similar to the rate seen in ECG A. The atrial waveforms are negative in leads II, III, and aVF, as well as leads V 4 through V 6 .They are continuously undulating without an isoelectric baseline between them.This is characteristic for typical atrial flutter waves.There is now a continuous pattern of 2:1 atrioventricular block or atrioventricular conduction.Please go to the journal's blog, OpenHeart, for more ECG Challenges: http://goo.gl/tQPNFp.Challenges are posted on Tuesdays and Responses on Wednesdays. ECG Response: April 21, 2015ECG Challenge: A 45-year-old woman with a history of asthma presents to the emergency department for an acute asthmatic episode.She is in marked respiratory distress and is started on oxygen, albuterol nebulizer, and intravenous steroids.Several minutes after therapy, she is noted to have a marked increase in her heart rate.An ECG is obtained (ECG A).After 15 minutes, her heart rate slows, and a second ECG is obtained (ECG B).
Combined Beta-Adrenergic and Calcium-Entry Blockade in Angina Pectoris
Authors: John A. Oates, Alastair J.J. Wood, Milton Packer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

THE combination of beta-adrenergic-blocking and calcium-entry–blocking drugs has achieved widespread popularity in the care of patients with angina pectoris. Combined therapy is frequently used to decrease the number and severity of anginal attacks in patients who remain symptomatic during treatment with a single agent. Low doses of two drugs are commonly prescribed instead of high doses of one agent, in the expectation that symptoms will be similarly controlled, but with fewer side effects. Antianginal drugs may also be combined in patients without symptoms in an effort to achieve maximal suppression of myocardial ischemia, in the hope that such suppression will . . .
Unusual Case of Postmenopausal Diffuse Endometriosis Mimicking Metastastic Ovarian Malignancy
Authors: Rajani Agarwal Sharma, Elaine Yuen Phin Lee, Varut Vardhanabhuti, Pek-Lan Khong, Siew-Fei Ngu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Endometriosis is a common gynecologic condition of the premenopausal years. However, postmenopausal endometriosis is rare (2.2%) and thought to be related to high level of circulating estrogen, especially in hormonal replacement therapy. We present a case of a 69-year-old postmenopausal woman, previously healthy and on no regular medication, with diffuse peritoneal endometriosis and bilateral ovarian endometrioma mimicking metastatic ovarian carcinoma on FDG PET/CT. Both ovarian endometrioma had low-grade activity, but more strikingly, there was diffuse FDG-avid peritoneal dissemination and gross ascites. Endometriosis should not be totally disregarded as a differential diagnosis even at postmenopausal status.
Whole abdominal radiotherapy versus combination doxorubicin-cisplatin chemotherapy in advanced endometrial carcinoma: A randomized phase III trial of the Gynecologic Oncology Group
Authors: M. E. Randall, G. Brunetto, H. Muss, R. S. Mannel, N. Spirtos, F. Jeffrey, J. T. Thigpen, J. Benda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)
Altered HSC Metabolism in Response to Stress Leads to De Novo dna Damage and Cellular Attrition
Authors: Anja Geiselhart, Dagmar Walter, Amelie Lier, Frederic B. Thalheimer, Sina Huntscha, David Brocks, Irem Bayindir, Paul Kaschutnig, Katja Müdder, Mirko Sobotta, Tobias Dick, Tim Holland-Letz, Peter Schmezer, Timm Schröder, Steven W Lane, Marieke Essers, Michael A. Rieger, David A. Williams, Andreas Trumpp, Michael D. Milsom
Journal: Blood (2014)
Radiosensitization of Human Glioma Cells by Buthionine Sulfoximine-Induced Glutathione Depletion
Authors: T. Yoshimine, A. Murasawa, H. Nakata, T. Hayakawa
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1991)

Depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH) enhanced the radiosensitivity of two human glioma cell lines either under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The enhancement ratios (ER) were 2.02 and 2.20 for hypoxic T98G and A172 cells, respectively.
Association of Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex With Mottled Pigmentation and<i>EXPH5</i>Mutations
Authors: Iana Turcan, Anna M. G. Pasmooij, Peter C. Van den Akker, Henny Lemmink, Richard J. Sinke, Marcel F. Jonkman
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS) is a group of clinically and genetically diverse mechanobullous genodermatoses characterized by the fragility of skin and mucous membranes. Recently, mutations in EXPH5 encoding exophilin-5 (also known as Slac2-b, an effector protein involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking and exosome secretion) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of EBS. Herein, we report a novel homozygous nonsense mutation in EXPH5 responsible for an EBS subtype with mottled pigmentation.To identify the gene mutation(s) accountable for the mottled pigmentation phenotype in a patient with suspected inherited skin fragility disorder.Data for this case report were acquired in an outpatient clinic and concern a referral from the primary care physician to the national Center for Blistering Diseases in The Netherlands. Data were acquired and analyzed from 2014 to 2016.Clinical examination and investigation were performed of the molecular basis of patient's skin fragility and mottled pigmentation phenotype. Electron microscopy studies described the underlying abnormalities on an ultrastructural level.The clinical phenotype is characterized by mild generalized skin fragility, trauma-induced skin blistering since infancy, and development of remarkable diffuse mottled pigmentation on the trunk and proximal extremities. Sequencing the complete set of genes associated with epidermolysis bullosa revealed a homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 6 of EXPH5: c.3917C>G, p.Ser1306*. Electron microscopy revealed disruption of keratin filament cytoskeleton and accumulation of melanosomes in a disordered distribution in the keratinocytes.To our knowledge, the current study illustrates the first clinically well-documented, mottled pigmentation phenotype related to a novel EXPH5 mutation. In addition, by means of electron microscopy image analysis, it proposes a hypothesis for the pigmentary changes in this rare autosomal recessive EBS subtype. These findings expand the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of human inherited skin fragility disorders, and we propose the addition of EBS resulting from EXPH5 mutations to the EBS-mottled pigmentation subtype.
Somatization in patients with dissociative disorders
Authors: G N Saxe, G Chinman, R Berkowitz, K Hall, G Lieberg, J Schwartz, B A van der Kolk
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

This study attempted to determine the prevalence of somatic symptoms, somatization disorder, and medical interventions in patients with dissociative disorders.Fourteen psychiatric inpatients with a DSM-III dissociative disorder were matched for age and gender with a comparison group of inpatients who reported few dissociative symptoms. All subjects were interviewed in a blind manner with the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule (this semistructured interview schedule includes a section on somatization disorder), and their hospital charts were reviewed to determine somatic symptoms and medical histories.Sixty-four percent of the patients with dissociative disorders met DSM-III criteria for somatization disorder and reported an average of 12.4 somatic symptoms. None of the comparison patients met DSM-III criteria for somatization disorder, and these patients reported an average of 3.1 somatic symptoms. These differences between the two groups were significant. Significant differences were also found in the number of medical hospitalizations and consultations between the two groups. A significant correlation was found between the degree of dissociation and degree of somatization in patients with dissociative disorders.The authors conclude that somatization disorder is a frequent and serious comorbid disorder among patients with dissociative disorders.
Conserved but Attenuated Parental Gene Expression in Allopolyploids: Constitutive Zinc Hyperaccumulation in the Allotetraploid<i>Arabidopsis kamchatica</i>
Authors: Timothy Paape, Masaomi Hatakeyama, Rie Shimizu-Inatsugi, Teo Cereghetti, Yoshihiko Onda, Tanaka Kenta, Jun Sese, Kentaro K. Shimizu
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Allopolyploidization combines parental genomes and often confers broader species distribution. However, little is known about parentally transmitted gene expression underlying quantitative traits following allopolyploidization because of the complexity of polyploid genomes. The allopolyploid species Arabidopsis kamchatica is a natural hybrid of the zinc hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri and of the nonaccumulator Arabidopsis lyrata. We found that A. kamchatica retained the ability to hyperaccumulate zinc from A. halleri and grows in soils with both low and high metal content. Hyperaccumulation of zinc by A. kamchatica was reduced to about half of A. halleri, but is 10-fold greater than A. lyrata. Homeologs derived from A. halleri had significantly higher levels of expression of genes such as HEAVY METAL ATPASE4 (HMA4), METAL TRANSPORTER PROTEIN1 and other metal ion transporters than those derived from A. lyrata, which suggests cis-regulatory differences. A. kamchatica has on average about half the expression of these genes compared with A. halleri due to fixed heterozygosity inherent in allopolyploids. Zinc treatment significantly changed the ratios of expression of 1% of homeologous pairs, including genes putatively involved in metal homeostasis. Resequencing data showed a significant reduction in genetic diversity over a large genomic region (290 kb) surrounding the HMA4 locus derived from the A. halleri parent compared with the syntenic A. lyrata-derived region, which suggests different evolutionary histories. We also estimated that three A. halleri-derived HMA4 copies are present in A. kamchatica. Our findings support a transcriptomic model in which environment-related transcriptional patterns of both parents are conserved but attenuated in the allopolyploids.
Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Bregje D. Onwuteaka-Philipsen, John W. Urwin, Joachim Cohen
Journal: JAMA (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> The increasing legalization of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide worldwide makes it important to understand related attitudes and practices. <h3>Objective</h3> To review the legal status of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide and the available data on attitudes and practices. <h3>Evidence Review</h3> Polling data and published surveys of the public and physicians, official state and country databases, interview studies with physicians, and death certificate studies (the Netherlands and Belgium) were reviewed for the period 1947 to 2016. <h3>Findings</h3> Currently, euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide can be legally practiced in the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Colombia, and Canada (Quebec since 2014, nationally as of June 2016). Physician-assisted suicide, excluding euthanasia, is legal in 5 US states (Oregon, Washington, Montana, Vermont, and California) and Switzerland. Public support for euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the United States has plateaued since the 1990s (range, 47%-69%). In Western Europe, an increasing and strong public support for euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide has been reported; in Central and Eastern Europe, support is decreasing. In the United States, less than 20% of physicians report having received requests for euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide, and 5% or less have complied. In Oregon and Washington state, less than 1% of licensed physicians write prescriptions for physician-assisted suicide per year. In the Netherlands and Belgium, about half or more of physicians reported ever having received a request; 60% of Dutch physicians have ever granted such requests. Between 0.3% to 4.6% of all deaths are reported as euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide in jurisdictions where they are legal. The frequency of these deaths increased after legalization. More than 70% of cases involved patients with cancer. Typical patients are older, white, and well-educated. Pain is mostly not reported as the primary motivation. A large portion of patients receiving physician-assisted suicide in Oregon and Washington reported being enrolled in hospice or palliative care, as did patients in Belgium. In no jurisdiction was there evidence that vulnerable patients have been receiving euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide at rates higher than those in the general population. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide are increasingly being legalized, remain relatively rare, and primarily involve patients with cancer. Existing data do not indicate widespread abuse of these practices.
Timing from diagnosis to treatment as a surrogate indicator to good quality breast cancer care in countries with high breast cancer mortality.
Authors: Maira M Caleffi, Norah Ana Burchardt, Giselle Ebert, Isabel Crivelatti, Julia Porto Alegre Leivas, Helio Pasqualotto Scapin, Daniela Dornelles Rosa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e13065 Background: Breast cancer in the most common cancer in women, responsible for about 20% of all cases of cancer in the world. It is well estabilished the importance of early diagnosis and prompt treatment in reducing mortality rates of the disease, and that the delay between diagnosis and treatment may reduce the chances of cure. In Brazil, a Federal Law determined that cancer patients should wait no longer than 60 days after the diagnosis to get access to treatment. A temporal analysis of breast cancer patients diagnosed at the Breast Center at Hospital Moinhos de Vento in Porto Alegre were reviewed to identify the interval between the diagnosis and the surgical treatment of these patients. Methods: Data was gathered from electronic medical record (EMR) to analyse variables including dates of diagnosis and first treatment and clinical staging. All patients were diagnosed and treated by the same staff of breast surgeons and the other professionals that were trained in the same institution, between 2003 and 2015. Results: We studied 880 patients, between the ages of 22 and 94 years old. Two hundred and thirty two patients were excluded due to incomplete EMR, unreliable data, or because the first treatment was chemotherapy. In the remaining 648 registries, we calculated the time between the diagnosis and the surgical procedure. We found a mean of 22 days and a median of 18 days from diagnosis to surgery. In terms of clinical staging, 54.5% were in stage I, 22.6% in stage II, and 9.9% in stage III. Conclusions: Cancer Research UK recommends that the patient should wait less than 31 days after the treatment plan is decided to start the initial therapy. A study conducted in a public Breast Center located in Brazil found an average of 74.7 days, and a median time of 45 days between the diagnosis and the first treatment. Our analysis shows that, with a patient-centered approach, under strict protocols, we can provide prompt treatment, reduncig the risk of progression of the disease. As staging could be used as a surrogate marker to survival, one can say that if health care systems can provide a quick solution to breast cancer care we could decrease the late staging diagnosis.