tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound Therapy for Calcific Tendinitis of the Shoulder
Authors: Gerold R. Ebenbichler, Celal B. Erdogmus, Karl L. Resch, Martin A. Funovics, Franz Kainberger, Georg Barisani, Martin Aringer, Peter Nicolakis, Günther F. Wiesinger, Mehrdad Baghestanian, Elisabeth Preisinger, Reinhard Weinstabl, Veronika Fialka-Moser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Although ultrasound therapy is used to treat calcific tendinitis of the shoulder, its efficacy has not been rigorously evaluated. We conducted a randomized, double-blind comparison of ultrasonography and sham insonation in patients with symptomatic calcific tendinitis verified by radiography. Patients were assigned to receive 24 15-minute sessions of either pulsed ultrasound (frequency, 0.89 MHz; intensity, 2.5 W per square centimeter; pulsed mode, 1:4) or an indistinguishable sham treatment to the area over the calcification. The first 15 treatments were given daily (five times per week), and the remainder were given three times a week for three weeks. Randomization was conducted according to shoulders rather than patients, so a patient with bilateral tendinitis might receive either or both therapies.
ABLACIÓN POR RADIOFRECUENCIA DE ESÓFAGO DE BARRETT CON DISPLASIA DE ALTO GRADO. RESULTADOS DE 3 AÑOS.
Authors: PL Fernández Gil, J De la Peña García, A Terán Lantarón, F Fernández Fernández, B Castro Senosiain, M Mieses Pun, I Moraleja Yudego, J Crespo García
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: La Radiofrecuencia (RF) ha demostrado ser una técnica de ablación eficaz y segura, permitiendo el tratamiento endoscópico de la displasia sobre esófago de Barrett (EB). Objetivo: Estudio prospectivo de los resultados en el tratamiento del EB con Displasia de Alto Grado (DAG) mediante ablación por RF, en los primeros 3 años de implantación. Material y Método: Se han incluido 6 pacientes (4 varones), con edad media 67,7 años (57–79). Cinco de ellos con EB largo de entre 6 y 9cm (C5–7 M6–9). Uno con EB corto de 2cm (C0M2). Todos presentaban DAG. Uno con mucosectomía previa. Se realizó ablación por RF de forma secuencial, cada 12 semanas hasta erradicación, mediante el sistema HALO 360 (Barrx Medical) para la ablación circunferencial y HALO 90 para la ablación de lengüetas o islotes residuales. Inicio: Abril de 2009. Se realizó seguimiento endoscópico con gastroscopio de Alta Definición-NBI (Olympus), tomando biopsias regladas a los 3–6-12 y 24 meses. Resultados: Se realizaron 9 sesiones de RF: 5 con HALO 360 y 4 con HALO 90. Media de sesiones por paciente: 1,6 (rango 1–2). No hubo complicaciones significativas. Un paciente presentó picos febriles con hemocultivos (-) autolimitados en 48h y otra una úlcera supracardial. Dos pacientes permanecen en tratamiento y cuatro han completado la terapia secuencial. Tasa de erradicación del 100%, tanto para displasia como para metaplasia intestinal (MI), que se ha mantenido a los 6 y 12 meses. Seguimiento medio: 23,5 meses (15–36). Un paciente ha presentado recurrencia tardía (a los 24 meses), limitada al cardias (EB con DAG), con lesión visible, precisando mucosectomía y nueva ablación. Conclusiones: La RF es eficaz y segura para la erradicación de DAG sobre EB. El cardias es la zona con mayor riesgo de recurrencia a medio plazo. Son necesarios seguimientos más prolongados para valorar su eficacia a largo plazo.
Unusual Isolated Perineal Recurrence in Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Rectum After Abdominoperineal Resection
Authors: Sandip Basu, Seema Kembhavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Application of dual-time-point FDG PET for mucinous adenocarcinoma has been rarely reported. Isolated perineal recurrence (after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and abdominoperineal resection) was detected by dual-time-point FDG PET in a 41-year-old man with mucinous adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Correlative contrast-enhanced CT demonstrated circumscribed lobulated mass in the fatty tissue of the right perineal region, which was metastatic adenocarcinoma, on fine needle aspiration cytology. An SUVmax increase with time is consistently observed in mucinous tumors.
Pulmonary Aspergillosis in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: David W. Denning, Stephen E. Follansbee, Michael Scolaro, Stephen Norris, Howard Edelstein, David A. Stevens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Symptomatic pulmonary aspergillosis has rarely been reported in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). We describe the predisposing factors, the clinical and radiologic features, and the therapeutic outcomes in 13 patients with pulmonary aspergillosis, all of whom had human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and 12 of whom had AIDS.
Two XY Siblings with Gonadal Dysgenesis and a Female Phenotype
Authors: Maimon M. Cohen, Margery W. Shaw
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ANOMALOUS sexual development has been attributed to hormonal imbalance, chromosomal aberration and developmental disturbance of unknown etiology as well as genetic causes such as testicular feminization and the adrenogenital syndrome. Numerous sex-chromosome anomalies have been detected in cases of primary amenorrhea with normal external genitalia. The 2 siblings described in this paper have an essentially normal female phenotype, an XY sex-chromosome complement and gonadal dysgenesis.Clinical ConsiderationsThe proposita (Fig. 1), a twenty-year-old female, was referred to this laboratory because of primary amenorrhea with a tentative diagnosis of Turner's syndrome. She was 156 cm. tall, and physical examination revealed bilateral . . .
VITAMIN D AND CHANGE IN LIPIDS OVER 5 YEARS: THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY
Authors: Kamil Faridi, Di Zhao, Seth Martin, Joshua Lupton, Eliseo Guallar, Christie Ballantyne, Pamela Lutsey, Erin Michos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Successful management of aortoesophageal fistula by combining endoscopic cyanoacrylate injection and endovascular stent grafting
Authors: K.-C. Tseng, C.-W. Lin, J. Tan
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare cause of catastrophic gastrointestinal bleeding. Thoracic aortic aneurysms are the leading cause of AEF [1]. Early diagnosis and prompt endovascular and/or surgical intervention before massive exsanguinating hemorrhage are key to survival [2]. Temporary endoscopic management with esophageal stent placement has been reported as a bridge therapy [3] [4]. We describe a case of AEF with active bleeding noted during an endoscopic examination that was treated with injection of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA, Histoacryl), followed by successful placement of an endovascular aortic stent graft.
Abstract IA-9: Using switchable mouse genetic models to validate therapeutic cancer targets
Authors: Gerard I. Evan
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Cancers are lethal diseases in desperate need of new therapeutic approaches: despite dramatic advances in the use of conventional chemo and radiotherapy and the growth of more “targeted” drugs, many cancers are still incurable. The principal problem is that we have no systematic or informed way of predicting which, out of the legion of aberrant processes in pancreatic cancer cells, is the best to target with drugs or where, within that process, the most effective molecular targets lie. To address this problem, we employ a novel class of genetically engineered mouse (GEM) in which individual oncogenes and/or tumor suppressor genes may be systemically toggled off and on, reversibly and at will, in vivo. In this way we can identify the most effective therapeutic targets irrespective of contemporary (and ephemeral) prejudices as to their “druggability.” This approach will be illustrated by two such GEMs: one mouse that models pharmacological inhibition of Myc, a core component of the replicative machinery of all tumor and normal cells and a downstream conduit for many (perhaps all) oncogenic growth signals, and a second mouse that models pharmacological restoration of the p53 tumor suppressor that is functionally inactivated in most human cancers. Since it is the endogenous oncogene or tumor suppressor that is toggled in such GEMs, they can be easily applied to any existing or new preclinical mouse cancer model. Using these two GEMs, we have directly ascertained the therapeutic impact, efficacy, and side effects of Myc inhibition and p53 restoration — establishing both mechanism of action and therapeutic index. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):IA-9.
Abstract P5-05-03: FOXP3 Regulates Metastatic Spread of Breast Cancer Via Control of Expression of CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor
Authors: D Overbeck-Zubrzycka, S Ali, JA Kirby, TW. Lennard
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The transcription factor FOXP3 can regulate T cell migration by inhibiting expression of CXCR4, the receptor for the chemokine CXCL12. Increased expression of CXCR4 by breast cancer cells can drive metastatic migration towards sites which express CXCL12. Intracellular trafficking of FOXP3 to the nucleus is required in order for this protein to function. We hypothesised that FOXP3 gene is inactivated in breast cancer causing failure of nuclear localisation with subsequent increase in CXCR4 and potential for metastasis. Methods: The expression patterns of FOXP3 and CXCR4 were measured at mRNA (PCR, real-time PCR) and protein (immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry) levels. A hundred sections of benign breast tissue, cancers, lymph node metastases and seven breast cell lines were examined with traditional and digital microscopy techniques. The results were correlated with pathological and clinical prognostic indicators of breast cancer. Results: “Normal” breast epithelial cells (both patient-derived tissues and laboratory cultured cell lines) expressed FOXP3 in their nuclei and at the same time fail to express CXCR4. Breast cancer cells significantly overexpressed CXCR4 (P&amp;lt;0.05), whereas FOXP3 expression was significantly decreased (P&amp;lt;0.05) and confined to the cytoplasm with negligible nuclear expression [Figure 1]. Metastases expressed significantly less FOXP3 and more CXCR4 than primaries (P&amp;lt;0.05). Transfection of cancer cells with wild-type FOXP3 cDNA expressing plasmid restored physiological nuclear FOXP3 expression. Discussion: We have found failure of FOXP3 nuclear localisation in breast cancer cells and an inverse correlation between this failure and CXCR4 expression [Figure 2]. Increased CXCR4 expression may adversely affect signalling pathways in favour of metastasis. Expression of wild type FOXP3 reverses this suggesting that breast cancer cells have mutations in the FOXP3 gene resulting in cytoplasmic localisation of the protein. Our findings suggest that disruption of FOXP3 nuclear localisation due to dysfunctional FOXP3 transcription factor may be a novel explanation for breast cancer invasion and metastases. Figures available in online version. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-03.
Case 13-2000
Authors: David L. Berger, Maryam S. Mohammadkhani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Presentation of CaseA 26-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of bouts of abdominal pain with vomiting, diarrhea, and hematochezia.She had received a diagnosis of the irritable bowel syndrome several years earlier. Her disorder was characterized by episodic abdominal pain in the left lower quadrant, without diarrhea, constipation, or other symptoms. Increased dietary intake of fiber and antispasmodic medication resulted in transient improvement. An abdominal and pelvic ultrasonographic examination, performed three and a half years before admission, showed no abnormalities. A barium-enema procedure, performed 12 days later, showed considerable spasm, predominantly in the right side of the . . .
Abstract 492: ALDH1A1 expression predicts for a tumorigenic subset in primary cultures of malignant pleural effusions (MPE)
Authors: Saroj Kumar Basak, Veena Mysore, Chi Lai, Scott Oh, Eri Srivatsan, Raj Batra
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) are a group of enzymes that are responsible for oxidation of a variety of aldehydes. ALDH isoforms (ALDH1A1 and ALDH3A1) are highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Recent evidence suggests that elevated levels of these enzymes may be associated with malignant behavioral properties of cell subsets in epithelial malignancies. It is not known whether cell subsets with high ALDH expression are present in advance stage lung cancer patients, or whether ALDH expression is associated with malignant behaviors (e.g. tumorigenicity) in lung cancer cell subsets. We hypothesized that the ALDH1A1-biomarker is present in advanced lung cancer, and that as in other epithelial malignancies, its expression predicts for lethal behavioral properties. We isolated lung tumor cells from advanced stage lung cancer patients (MPE), and maintained them in primary culture in presence of MPE fluid (an “autologous tumor microenvironment”). ALDH labeling by immunohistological methods revealed high intratumoral variability with respect to biomarker expression. To live detect MPE-primary culture cells, the Aldefluor (StemCell Technologies Inc.) method of Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) was used. 4-8% of MPE-primary culture cells expressed high level of ALDH1A1, whereas the majority of the cultured cells expressed intermediate or low levels of ALDH1A1. Interestingly, the ALDH1A1hi cell subset also expressed high levels of the CD44 surface biomarker. CD44 is another widely studied biomarker that has been associated with “cancer stem cell” properties. The ALDH1A1hi subset co-expresses 2 to 20 times higher CD44 expression, as compared to the ALDH1A1lo subset. Importantly, the cells that dually label for CD44hi and ALDH1A1hi exhibit increased soft agar colony forming efficiency in vitro, and increased tumorigencity in vivo. Limiting dilution studies of xenotransplantation in NOD/SCID mice also provide experimental evidence that clinical (MPE) biospecimens of some lung cancers possess ALDH1A1hi/CD44hi “cancer stem cells” (as evidenced by tumorigenesis following less than 1000 implanted cells). The tumors that emerge from the implantation of these lung “cancer stem cells” display phenotypic heterogeneity with respect to both CD44 and ALDHA1 expression. Collectively, these data provide experimental evidence for tumorigenic subsets in clinical lung cancer biospecimens, and suggest that ALDHA1 and CD44 expression are jointly regulated by a common oncogenic program in lung cancer cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 492. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-492
EC Forming New Drug Agency
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article EC Forming New Drug Agency Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 15, 4 August 1993, Page 1193, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.15.1193 Published: 04 August 1993
Pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitoneum, pneumoretroperitoneum, and subcutaneous emphysema after ultrathin endoscopy
Authors: H.-H. Yen, Y.-Y. Chen
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

An 89-year-old woman was admitted for dysphagia over a 2-month period. Transnasal endoscopy with an ultrathin endoscope (Fujinon EG-530N; Fujinon, Wayne, New Jersey, USA) was used. An ulcerative tumor was found in the middle esophagus ([Fig. 1]), and the biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma. A feeding tube was placed over a guidewire.
Abstract 5290: Heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1): An auspicious target for state of the art anti-angiogenic therapeutic strategies and new insights in prostate carcinogenesis
Authors: Geraldine Gueron, Mercedes Ferrando, Belen Elguero, Jimena Giudice, Angeles Salles, Estefania Labanca, Felipe Jaworsky, Lucas Colombo, Roberto Meiss, Nora Navone, Adriana De Siervi, Elba Vazquez
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is a leading cause of death among males. Angiogenesis is critical during tumor initiation and progression. The arrival of anti-angiogenic agents as cancer treatments joining the ranks of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy has been a source of renewed hope. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) counteracts oxidative and inflammatory damage. It has become increasingly clear that in addition to its effect on blocking proliferation, invasion and migration, other mechanisms including a direct effect on angiogenic factors may account for its anti-tumoral role in PCa. To further assess its properties, we investigated its potentiality to modulate PCa associated-angiogenesis. In the present study, we identified in PCa cells a set of inflammatory and pro-angiogenic genes down-regulated in response to HO-1 overexpression, in particular VEGFA, VEGFC, HIF1α, KDR and α5β1 integrin. Our results indicated also that HO-1 counteracts oxidative imbalance reducing ROS levels. An in vivo angiogenic assay showed that intradermal inoculation of PC3 cells stable transfected with HO-1 (PC3HO-1) generated tumours less vascularised than controls, with decreased microvessel density and reduced CD34 and MMP9 positive staining. Interestingly, longer term grown PC3HO-1 xenografts displayed reduced neovascularization with the subsequent down-regulation of VEGFR2 expression. Furthermore, using immunofluorescence and structured illumination microscopy we visualized NFκB retention in cytoplasm and demonstrated a higher rate of co-localization with HO-1 under HO-1 over-expression. These observations correlated with repressed nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-mediated transcription from an NF-κB responsive luciferase reporter construct, induced accumulation of IκB and decreased IKK mRNA levels under HO-1 modulation. These evidences strongly suggest that HO-1 may regulate angiogenesis through this pathway. Taken together, these data supports an unprecedented role of HO-1, challenging the angiogenic-switch in prostate carcinogenesis outlining a rationale for its development as an anticancer target in PCa. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5290. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5290
AB0530 Efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical practice: Two years’ experience:
Authors: E. Quesada-Masachs, C. Díaz, G. Avila, I. Acosta, X. Sans, C. Alegre, J.J. Agustín, S. Marsal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Targeting interleukin-6 receptor signal transduction by tocilizumab (TCZ) has been shown to be an effective treatment for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to describe safety and efficacy of tocilizumab (TCZ) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in routine clinical practice, based on prospectively registered observational data from a third-level hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty patients with RA who were started on TCZ at the Rheumatology Unit between April 2009 and July 2011 were included. Changes in tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), haemoglobin (Hb), 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28), European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response and remission rates with the 2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/EULAR criteria after 4, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 weeks (W) were investigated. SPSS 17.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Adverse Events (AE) and withdrawals were also described. <h3>Results</h3> Thirty-five women and five men were included. Median age was 52 years old (33-79). Median disease duration was 11 (2-39) years. Rheumatoid Factor was positive in 32 patients (80%), anti-citrullinated protein antibody in 34 (85%) and anti-nuclear antibodies were detected in 34 patients (85%). Thirty-four patients (85%) had previously received at least one biological treatment. Decrease of TJC, SJC, ESR and DAS28 was statistically significant in all the weeks. Increase of Hb was statistically significant until W48. By analysing the response data the following results were obtained: Regarding the use of concomitant treatments, the following information compares the first and the last data recorded in each patient: disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in 60% to 48%; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in 80% to 35%; the average dose of corticosteroids (adjusted to prednisone dose) was initially 6.1 mg/day and finally 4.2 mg/day. Regarding safety, 31 patients (77.5%) had at least one AE. The most frequent AE were infections (22 episodes), dyslipidaemia (present in 16 patients) and haematology abnormalities (detected in 14 patients). Three severe AEs were observed (community-acquired pneumonia, fever without source and acute toxic hepatitis). There was no mortality in the group. Fifteen patients (31%) withdrew from treatment for safety-related (25%) or non-safety-related (12.5%) reasons. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our serial TCZ had achieved a good-or-moderate EULAR response in patients with RA in routine clinical practice. An early and maintained response was observed. The most frequent AE were infections, dyslipidemia and haematological abnormalities. The main causes of withdrawal were AEs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared