tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P3-249: Surgery of T4 lung cancer tumors with vertebral involvement
Authors: Romero V. Laura, Canela C. Mercedes, Villanueva L. Carlos, Lopez S. Iker, Deu M. Maria, Teixidor S. Joan, Sole M. Joan, Jauregui A. Alberto, Roca G. Mario, Maestre A. José Antonio
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Comparative Effectiveness of Preoperative Treatment Regimens in Patients With Potentially Resectable Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Jennifer M. Duff, H. Charles Peters, William Zingarelli, Kfir Ben-David, George A. Sarosi, Ryan M. Thomas
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

This study assesses the effectiveness of both preoperative chemoradiation with cisplatin and fluorouracil or carboplatin and paclitaxel on recurrence-free survival and overall survival in patients with esophageal cancer.
18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in Gorham-Stout Disease
Authors: Georgios Z. Papadakis, Corina Millo, Ulas Bagci, Jenny Blau, Michael T. Collins
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is an extremely rare skeletal disorder of unknown etiology characterized by benign proliferation of vascular or lymphatic channels, leading to progressive bone resorption. We report on a patient diagnosed with GSD affecting the right scapula and the right ribs, who underwent PET/CT scans using F-FDG and F-NaF. The remnant upper portion of the affected scapula did not show F-FDG uptake but demonstrated markedly increased F-NaF activity. Furthermore, intense F-NaF activity was seen on the right posterior ribs, which were actively being resorbed, suggesting the potential application of F-NaF-PET/CT imaging in GSD diagnosis and follow-up.
Hyperthermia for Major Depressive Disorder?
Authors: Max Fink, Edward Shorter
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Smoking, Mental Illness, and Public Health
Authors: Judith J. Prochaska, Smita Das, Kelly C. Young-Wolff
Journal: Annual Review of Public Health (2016)

Tobacco use remains the leading preventable cause of death worldwide. In particular, people with mental illness are disproportionately affected with high smoking prevalence; they account for more than 200,000 of the 520,000 tobacco-attributable deaths in the United States annually and die on average 25 years prematurely. Our review aims to provide an update on smoking in the mentally ill. We review the determinants of tobacco use among smokers with mental illness, presented with regard to the public health HAVE framework of “the host” (e.g., tobacco user characteristics), the “agent” (e.g., nicotine product characteristics), the “vector” (e.g., tobacco industry), and the “environment” (e.g., smoking policies). Furthermore, we identify the significant health harms incurred and opportunities for prevention and intervention within a health care systems and larger health policy perspective. A comprehensive effort is warranted to achieve equity toward the 2025 Healthy People goal of reducing US adult tobacco use to 12%, with attention to all subgroups, including smokers with mental illness.
Safe and Effective Treatment of Experimental Neuroblastoma and Glioblastoma Using Systemically Delivered Triple MicroRNA-Detargeted Oncolytic Semliki Forest Virus
Authors: Mohanraj Ramachandran, Di Yu, Matheus Dyczynski, Sathishkumar Baskaran, Lei Zhang, Aleksei Lulla, Valeria Lulla, Sirle Saul, Sven Nelander, Anna Dimberg, Andres Merits, Justyna Leja-Jarblad, Magnus Essand
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme and high-risk neuroblastoma are cancers with poor outcome. Immunotherapy in the form of neurotropic oncolytic viruses is a promising therapeutic approach for these malignancies. Here we evaluate the oncolytic capacity of the neurovirulent and partly IFNβ-resistant Semliki Forest virus (SFV)-4 in glioblastoma multiformes and neuroblastomas. To reduce neurovirulence we constructed SFV4miRT, which is attenuated in normal central nervous system (CNS) cells through insertion of microRNA target sequences for miR124, miR125, miR134.Methods: Oncolytic activity of SFV4miRT was examined in mouse neuroblastoma and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines and in patient-derived human glioblastoma cell cultures (HGCC). In vivo neurovirulence and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated in two syngeneic orthotopic glioma models (CT-2A, GL261) and a syngeneic subcutaneous neuroblastoma model (NXS2). The role of IFNβ in inhibiting therapeutic efficacy was investigated.Results: The introduction of miRNA target sequences reduced neurovirulence of SFV4 in terms of attenuated replication in mouse CNS cells and ability to cause encephalitis when administered intravenously. A single intravenous injection of SFV4miRT prolonged survival and cured four of eight mice (50%) with NXS2 and three of 11 mice (27%) with CT-2A, but not for GL261 tumor-bearing mice. In vivo therapeutic efficacy in different tumor models inversely correlated to secretion of IFNβ by respective cells upon SFV4 infection in vitro Similarly, killing efficacy of HGCC lines inversely correlated to IFNβ response and interferon-α/β receptor-1 expression.Conclusions: SFV4miRT has reduced neurovirulence, while retaining its oncolytic capacity. SFV4miRT is an excellent candidate for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme and neuroblastoma with low IFN-β secretion. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1519-30. ©2016 AACR.
P2-089: Prognostic significance of p16INK4A, DAPK and RASSF1A promoter hypermethylation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Jacek Niklinski, Wieslawa Niklinska, Lech Chyczewski, Miroslaw Kozlowski, Walentyn Pankiewicz, Wojciech Naumnik, Wojciech Laudanski, Aneta Sulewska, Jerzy Laudanski
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Differential anti-HBV activity in vitro of three potent inhibitors of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase: Mycophenolic acid 5-ethynyl-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylimidazole-4-carboxamide (EICAR) and ribavirin
Authors: ZJ Gong, S De Meyer, C Clarysse, Jos van Pelt, T Coopmans, Johan Neyts, Erik De Clercq, Sing Hiem Yap
Journal: Hepatology (1998)
Some Unusual Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Authors: David Aguiar Bujanda, Uriel Bohn Sarmiento, Jose Aguiar Morales
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.06.074 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12829685 Some Unusual Paraneoplastic Syndromes CASE 1. METASTATIC SQUAMOUS CELL ESOPHAGEAL CANCER TO THE THUMB David Aguiar BujandaxDavid Aguiar BujandaSearch for articles by this author , Uriel Bohn SarmientoxUriel Bohn SarmientoSearch for articles by this author , Jose Aguiar MoralesxJose Aguiar MoralesSearch for articles by this author Show More Servicio de Oncologia Medica, Hospital de Gran Canaria Dr. Negrin, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.06.074 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Subtyping of B-Cell Malignancies By B-Cell Subset Associated Gene Signatures (BAGS), Generated from Human Primary and Secondary Lymphoid Organs.
Authors: Julie Støve Bødker, Alexander Schmitz, Anders Ellern Bilgrau, Andreas Rasmussen, Lasse Hjort Jakobsen, Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly, Hans Erik Johnsen, Karen Dybkær, Martin Bøgsted
Journal: Blood (2015)
Esophageal Resection for Cancer After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation
Authors: Marco G. Patti
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
O-011 Modified FOLFOXIRI (mFOLFOXIRI) plus cetuximab (cet), followed by cet or bevacizumab (bev) maintenance, in RAS/BRAF wt metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): results of the phase II randomized MACBETH trial by GONO
Authors: C. Antoniotti, C. Cremolini, F. Loupakis, F. Bergamo, R. Grande, G. Tonini, K. Garattini Silvio, G. Masi, F. Battaglin, S. Lucchesi, L. Salvatore, D. Corsi, F. Di Fabio, M. Banzi, R. Moretto, E. Sensi, D. Rossini, D. Tomcikova, G. Fontanini, V. Zagonel, L. Boni, A. Falcone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
The long noncoding RNA Chaer defines an epigenetic checkpoint in cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Zhihua Wang, Xiao-Jing Zhang, Yan-Xiao Ji, Peng Zhang, Ke-Qiong Deng, Jun Gong, Shuxun Ren, Xinghua Wang, Iris Chen, He Wang, Chen Gao, Tomohiro Yokota, Yen Sin Ang, Shen Li, Ashley Cass, Thomas M Vondriska, Guangping Li, Arjun Deb, Deepak Srivastava, Huang-Tian Yang, Xinshu Xiao, Hongliang Li, Yibin Wang
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
HIV Vaccine Design to Target Germline Precursors of Glycan-Dependent Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies
Authors: Jon M. Steichen, Daniel W. Kulp, Talar Tokatlian, Amelia Escolano, Pia Dosenovic, Robyn L. Stanfield, Laura E. McCoy, Gabriel Ozorowski, Xiaozhen Hu, Oleksandr Kalyuzhniy, Bryan Briney, Torben Schiffner, Fernando Garces, Natalia T. Freund, Alexander D. Gitlin, Sergey Menis, Erik Georgeson, Michael Kubitz, Yumiko Adachi, Meaghan Jones, Andrew A. Mutafyan, Dong Soo Yun, Christian T. Mayer, Andrew B. Ward, Dennis R. Burton, Ian A. Wilson, Darrell J. Irvine, Michel C. Nussenzweig, William R. Schief
Journal: Immunity (2016)

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against the N332 supersite of the HIV envelope (Env) trimer are the most common bnAbs induced during infection, making them promising leads for vaccine design. Wild-type Env glycoproteins lack detectable affinity for supersite-bnAb germline precursors and are therefore unsuitable immunogens to prime supersite-bnAb responses. We employed mammalian cell surface display to design stabilized Env trimers with affinity for germline-reverted precursors of PGT121-class supersite bnAbs. The trimers maintained native-like antigenicity and structure, activated PGT121 inferred-germline B cells ex vivo when multimerized on liposomes, and primed PGT121-like responses in PGT121 inferred-germline knockin mice. Design intermediates have levels of epitope modification between wild-type and germline-targeting trimers; their mutation gradient suggests sequential immunization to induce bnAbs, in which the germline-targeting prime is followed by progressively less-mutated design intermediates and, lastly, with native trimers. The vaccine design strategies described could be utilized to target other epitopes on HIV or other pathogens.
P2-296: Treatment of advanced stage NSCLC with low dose gemcitabine and carboplatin in patients above age of 60 years
Authors: Purvish M. Parikh, Narayan Prasad, Hari Menon, Kumar Prabhash, Amish Vora, Jayprakash Agarwal, Rajesh Mistry, Cs Pramesh, S Tandon, Subhash Desai
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Importin-β1 and Nucleus Transporter Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 (CRM1) Constitute the Nucleocytoplasmic Transport System of STAT3 in Blood-Derived CLL Cells.
Authors: Inbal Hazan-Halevy, David Harris, Zhiming Liu, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Michael J Keating, Zeev Estrov
Journal: Blood (2008)
PTK787/ZK 222584 (PTK/ZK), an Oral Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Has Activity in Patients with Agnogenic Myeloid Metaplasia (AMM).
Authors: Francis J. Giles, Michael Carroll, Alan List, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Deborah Thomas, Jorge Cortes, Eric Feldman, Gail Roboz
Journal: Blood (2006)
Blocking the 4-1BB Pathway Ameliorates Crystalline Silica-induced Lung Inflammation and Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Chao Li, Sitong Du, Yiping Lu, Xiaowei Lu, Fangwei Liu, Ying Chen, Dong Weng, Jie Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Long term pulmonary exposure to crystalline silica leads to silicosis that manifests progressive interstitial fibrosis, eventually leading to respiratory failure and death. Despite efforts to eliminate silicosis, clinical cases continue to occur in both developing and developed countries. The exact mechanisms of crystalline silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis remain elusive. Herein, we find that 4-1BB is induced in response to crystalline silica injury in lungs and that it is highly expressed during development of experimental silicosis. Therefore, we explore the role of 4-1BB pathway during crystalline silica-induced lung injury and find that a specific inhibitor blocking the pathway could effectively alleviate crystalline silica-induced lung inflammation and subsequent pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. Compared to controls, the treated mice exhibited reduced Th1 and Th17 responses. The concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17A following crystalline silica challenge were also reduced in inhibitor-treated mice. Although there was no significant alteration in Th2 cytokines of IL-4 and IL-13, another type of pro-fibrogenic cell, regulatory T cell (Treg) was significantly affected. In addition, one of the major participants in fibrogenesis, fibrocyte recruited less due to the blockade. Furthermore, we demonstrated the decreased fibrocyte recruitment was associated with chemokine reductions in lung. Our study discovers the 4-1BB pathway signaling enhances inflammatory response and promotes pulmonary fibrosis induced by crystalline silica. The findings here provide novel insights into the molecular events that control crystalline silica-induced lung inflammation and fibrosis through regulating Th responses and the recruitment of fibrocytes in crystalline silica-exposed lung.
Do Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomies Help Patients?
Authors: Joerg Heil, Ulrich Kneser, Andre Hennigs, Christiane Bieber, Kathrin Gschwendtner, Nicole Mueller, Geraldine Rauch, Florian Schuetz, Christof Sohn, Thomas Kremer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)
Genetic Characterization Of Aplastic Anemia Patients By Targeted Sequencing
Authors: Michael Heuser, Carola Schlarmann, Vera Dobbernack, Viktoria Panagiota, Lutz Wiehlmann, Carolin Walter, Fabian Beier, Patrick Ziegler, Haiyang Yun, Sofia Kade, Aylin Kirchner, Liu Huang, Christian Koenecke, Matthias Eder, Tim H. Brümmendorf, Martin Dugas, Arnold Ganser, Felicitas Thol
Journal: Blood (2013)
P3-092: Recent Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) trials in Performance Status (PS) 2 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Paul J. Hesketh, Kari Chansky, Derick H. Lau, Antoinette J. Wozniak, Primo Lara, John Crowley, David R. Gandara
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
ERG Overexpression Induces Cell Adhesion Mediated Drug Resistance in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Liliana H. Mochmann, Martin Neumann, Verena Nowak, Monika Dejewska, Jutta Ortiz-Tanchez, Wolf Karsten Hofmann, Eckhard Thiel, Claudia D Baldus
Journal: Blood (2011)
The Nationwide Cancer Genome Screening Project in Japan, SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN: Efficient identification of cancer genome alterations in advanced colorectal cancer.
Authors: Takeshi Kato, Wataru Okamoto, Tetsuya Hamaguchi, Hiroki Hara, Hiroya Taniguchi, Takuro Mizukami, Tadamichi Denda, Toshikazu Moriwaki, Taito Esaki, Satoshi Yuki, Eiji Oki, Takeshi Kajiwara, Toshihiro Kudo, Daisuke Naruge, Takao Tamura, Satoshi Fujii, Toshihiko Doi, Atsushi Ohtsu, Kohei Shitara, Takayuki Yoshino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3591 Background: We conduct the nationwide cancer genome screening project in Japan from February 2014. Since February 2015, we introduced Next Generation Sequencing method to detect cancer genome alterations in advanced colorectal cancer (aCRC), called as SCRUM-Japan GI-SCREEN 2013-01-CRC. The objective is to evaluate the frequency of cancer genome alterations in aCRC and to identify patients who are candidate for clinical trial for corresponding targeting agents. Methods: This study is ongoing with the participation of 20 major cancer centers. Patients with aCRC who plan to or receive systemic chemotherapy were eligible. Twenty ng of DNA and 10 ng of RNA were extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor samples and were analyzed by the Oncomine Cancer Research Panel (OCP) which allows to detect gene mutation, copy number variant (CNV) and fusions across 143 genes in a CLIA certified CAP accredited laboratory. The detected genomic variant data were classified according to whether genetic driver of cancer, including gain- and loss-of-function or single nucleotide variant based on the Oncomine Knowledgebase. Results: As of October 31st in 2015, a total of 393 aCRC patients were enrolled and 360 samples were available. Out of 360 samples, 345 samples were analyzed and 15 samples are currently under analysis. The sequence with the OCP was successfully performed in 257 tumors (74.5%). The most frequently detected mutations were TP53 (66.9%), APC (56.4%), KRAS (38.9%), PIK3CA (12.1%), and BRAF (10.9%), and CNVs were ERBB2 (3.5%), FLT3 (2.3%), MYC (1.9%), and FGFR1 (1.6%). No gene fusion was detected so far. Patients with BRAF, PIK3CA or FGFR1 mutation were enrolled in early clinical trials. We plan to conduct the investigator initiated studies targeting aCRC patients with ERBB2 amplification and those with BRAF non-V600E mutations. Conclusions: This nationwide screening system is efficient to detect rare mutations in aCRC. This novel knowledge provides an intriguing background to investigate new target approaches in these patients and represents a progress toward more precision medicine. Clinical trial information: UMIN000016343.
VEGFC Predicts Poor Outcome in Pediatric as Well as Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Insights in Associated Gene Expression Profiles.
Authors: Hendrik JM de Jonge, Peter Valk, Kim R Kampen, Arja ter Elst, Gertjan Kaspers, Jacqueline Cloos, C. Michel Zwaan, Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Willem A. Kamps, Ruud Delwel, Bob Lowenberg, Eveline S de Bont
Journal: Blood (2009)
Utility of clinical tests to diagnose MRI-confirmed gluteal tendinopathy in patients presenting with lateral hip pain
Authors: Alison Grimaldi, Rebecca Mellor, Phillipa Nicolson, Paul Hodges, Kim Bennell, Bill Vicenzino
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Gluteal tendinopathy (GT) is a source of lateral hip pain, yet common clinical diagnostic tests have limited validity. Patients with GT are often misdiagnosed, resulting in inappropriate management, including surgery. This study determined the diagnostic utility of clinical tests for GT, using MRI as the reference standard.65 participants with lateral hip pain were examined to evaluate the ability of clinical tests to detect MRI-determined GT (an increase in intratendinous signal intensity on T2-weighted images). Palpation of the greater trochanter and several clinical pain provocation tests applying compressive and tensile loads on the gluteal tendons were investigated. MRI of the painful hip was examined by a radiologist, blind to clinical findings.Pain reported within 30 s of standing on the affected limb conclusively moves a (nominal) 50% pretest probability of GT presence on MRI to a post-test probability of 98% (specificity 100%, positive likelihood ratio ∼12), whereas no pain on palpation (80% sensitivity) would rule out its presence. 20 participants (31%) had GT on MRI but clinically negative (ie, not positive on palpation and another test).Keeping in mind that the sample size was small (ie, possibly underpowered for indices of diagnostic utility with low precision), the results of this study indicate that a patient who reports lateral hip pain within 30 s of single-leg-standing is very likely to have GT. Patients with lateral hip pain who are not palpably tender over the greater trochanter are unlikely to have MRI-detected GT.
P2-173: Induction chemotherapy versus induction chemoradiotherapy for pathological N2 non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Hiroshi Date, Katsuyuki Kiura, Nagio Takigawa, Masahiro Tabata, Yoshiro Fujiwara, Shinichi Toyooka, Motoi Aoe, Hideki Katayama, Hiroshi Ueoka
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
P3-022: Role of Cadi-05 as an adjuvant therapy in advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Mohan C. Pant, B.S. Chakraborty, N Patel, Shyam S. Bisht, Ved P. Verma, Sharad Singh, Deepak Gupta, Seema Gupta, Parag P. Shah, Rajeev Pant
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
RK-33 Radiosensitizes Prostate Cancer Cells by Blocking the RNA Helicase DDX3
Authors: Min Xie, Farhad Vesuna, Saritha Tantravedi, Guus M. Bol, Marise R. Heerma van Voss, Katriana Nugent, Reem Malek, Kathleen Gabrielson, Paul J. van Diest, Phuoc T. Tran, Venu Raman
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, prostate cancer is the most prevalent cancer in males and the second highest cause of cancer-related mortality. We identified an RNA helicase gene, DDX3 (DDX3X), which is overexpressed in prostate cancers, and whose expression is directly correlated with high Gleason scores. Knockdown of DDX3 in the aggressive prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and 22Rv1 resulted in significantly reduced clonogenicity. To target DDX3, we rationally designed a small molecule, RK-33, which docks into the ATP-binding domain of DDX3. Functional studies indicated that RK-33 preferentially bound to DDX3 and perturbed its activity. RK-33 treatment of prostate cancer cell lines DU145, 22Rv1, and LNCaP (which have high DDX3 levels) decreased proliferation and induced a G1 phase cell-cycle arrest. Conversely, the low DDX3-expressing cell line, PC3, exhibited few changes following RK-33 treatment. Importantly, combination studies using RK-33 and radiation exhibited synergistic effects both in vitro and in a xenograft model of prostate cancer demonstrating the role of RK-33 as a radiosensitizer. Taken together, these results indicate that blocking DDX3 by RK-33 in combination with radiation treatment is a viable option for treating locally advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6340-50. ©2016 AACR.