tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Nicholas T. Zervas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

The perils facing patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms are clearly charted by Sundt and Whisnant in this issue of the Journal. They underscore the real hazards of ischemic infarction or rebleeding that commonly afflict these patients. Rebleeding (in one third of the authors' patients) is a well recognized problem, and measures to combat it are still in evolution. Ischemia, an equally devastating complication but one less well appreciated or understood, occurs in as many as 36 per cent of patients.1 The onset is usually marked by drowsiness and the gradual progression of focal signs such as hemiparesis or dysphasia. . . .
Studies on Gastric Neoplasia in Mice. The Histogenesis and Influence of Some Endocrine Factors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Fern W. Smith, Leonell C. Strong
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Studies on Gastric Neoplasia in Mice. The Histogenesis and Influence of Some Endocrine Factors Fern W. Smith, Fern W. Smith Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leonell C. Strong Leonell C. Strong Department of Anatomy, Yale University, New Haven, Conn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 2, October 1949, Pages 423–428, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.2.423 Published: 01 October 1949
Psychotherapy of schizophrenia: an empirical investigation of the relationship of process to outcome
Authors: L L Glass, H M Katz, R D Schnitzer, P H Knapp, A F Frank, J G Gunderson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The Boston Psychotherapy Study found no major differences in the effects of insight-oriented and supportive psychotherapies in the treatment of schizophrenia. The authors of the current study looked beyond the assignments to those treatment designations and used blindly rated transcripts of tape-recorded sessions to examine the relationship of therapist interventions and patient outcomes at 2 years. They found significant relationships between skillfully conducted psychodynamic exploration and greater improvements in negative symptom areas of schizophrenia. The authors note the limitations and implications of these findings for clinical practice and research.
Practical Obstetrics. A Text-Book for Practitioners and Students.
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Molecular Pathways: Targeting the PI3K Pathway in Cancer—BET Inhibitors to the Rescue
Authors: Elias E. Stratikopoulos, Ramon E. Parsons
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The PI3K signaling pathway is a complex and tightly regulated network that is critical for many physiologic processes, such as cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and survival. Aberrant activation of this pathway can occur through mutation of almost any of its major nodes and has been implicated in a number of human diseases, including cancer. The high frequency of mutations in this pathway in multiple types of cancer has led to the development of small-molecule inhibitors of PI3K, several of which are currently in clinical trials. However, several feedback mechanisms either within the PI3K pathway or in compensatory pathways can render tumor cells resistant to therapy. Recently, targeting proteins of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family of epigenetic readers of histone acetylation has been shown to effectively block adaptive signaling response of cancer cells to inhibitors of the PI3K pathway, which at least in some cases can restore sensitivity. BET inhibitors also enforce blockade of the MAPK, JAK/STAT, and ER pathways, suggesting they may be a rational combinatorial partner for divergent oncogenic signals that are subject to homeostatic regulation. Here, we review the PI3K pathway as a target for cancer therapy and discuss the potential use of BET inhibition to enhance the clinical efficacy of PI3K inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2605–10. ©2016 AACR.
Cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and abdominal radiation in advanced ovarian cancer.
Authors: R M Auchter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.11.1820 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1403064 Cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and abdominal radiation in advanced ovarian cancer. R M AuchterxR M AuchterSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.11.1820 PDF "Cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and abdominal radiation in advanced ovarian cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(11), pp. 1820–1821© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Trend of multiple drug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium in Norway
Authors: O Alvseike, T Leegaard, P Aavitsland, J Lassen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

This article reports the trend of multidrug resistant Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from humans in Norway from 1998 to 2000. Most of the incidents with multiple resistant S. Typhimurium infection contracted in Norway have been DT104. We should therefore expect an increase of both primary and secondary infections if strains such as phage type DT104 with R-type ACSSuT become endemic.
Endoscopic Sclerotherapy of Bleeding Esophageal Varices
Authors: P Sakai, S Boaventura, M L Capacci, T M Macedo, S Z Ishioka
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

Endoscopic sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices was carried out in 78 patients with schistosomiasis (Group I) and 71 cirrhotic patients (Group II). All Group I patients had uniformly good liver function. According to Child's classification 25 patients (35%) of Group II were Child A, 16 (23%) Child B and 30 (42%) Child C. The sclerotherapy was performed by intravascular injections of 3% ethanolamine. Throughout a follow-up period of at least 24 months, hemorrhage recurred in 13% of the Group I patients, with one death (1%). The Child A category had a 24% recurrence with a 4% death rate, Child B a 38% recurrence with a 50% death rate, and Child C group a 73% recurrence with no survivals. A comparison of patients with schistosomiasis and cirrhosis type A revealed no differences with respect to rebleeding or survival (p greater than 0.05). Differences were significant for bleeding recurrence and survival in Child B patients as compared with schistosomiasis patients (p less than 0.025). This difference was highly remarkable when patients with schistosomiasis were compared with Child C cases, both for recurrence and survival (p less than 0.001). On the basis of these observations it is concluded that results of sclerotherapy depend fundamentally on liver function, and thus this procedure is justified in the early phases of liver cirrhosis.
PTH-005 Peg insertion: endoscopist’s recognition of patient comfort and recall
Authors: K Axe, A Etezadi, M Mapstone, F Jones, S Galliford, N Pinch, AB Hawthorne
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Endoscopy tolerance is improved in patients with higher sedation scores;<sup>1</sup>however, endoscopists underestimate procedure related pain<sup>2</sup>and consider it unlikely to be remembered by patients.<sup>3</sup>We compared the medication dose and endoscopist’s assessment of pre-procedure anxiety, sedation score, patients’ pain and anticipated procedure recall with a post-procedure patient comfort questionnaire. <h3>Method</h3> Endoscopist’s assessment of patient comfort and recall were recorded at the time of procedure, patient survey was completed by a specialist nutrition team the day after the PEG. <h3>Results</h3> 67 procedures were included; 56 endoscopist assessments and 51 nutrition team visits, of these 20 patients were excluded due to communication issues. Midazolam was used in all procedures, average 2.0–3.0 mg, Fentanyl was used in 5 procedures, 63/67 were judged as drowsy or lightly asleep, 4 were felt to be awake. 39/49 procedures took &lt;15 mins, longer procedures were judged more difficult by endoscopist’s. Patients didn’t report increased discomfort with longer procedures. Average patient pain score was 5/10. Endoscopist’s felt that drowsier patients were more comfortable; however, 65% patients reported moderate or severe discomfort independent of drowsiness level. Patients judged to have no or mild pain by endoscopists reported moderate or severe pain in 14/23 cases (61%). Endoscopists felt that 37/50 patients wouldn’t recall the procedure; patients seeming to be more uncomfortable were judged more likely to recall the procedure. Patients giving higher discomfort scores were more likely to recall the procedure; however, endoscopists judged 25% patients (4/16) who recalled the procedure as unlikely to do so. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Endoscopists were poor at assessing patient discomfort, patient discomfort increased with increased awareness and lower Midazolam dose. Increasing the use of sedation and adding Opiod analgesia during PEG may help improve patient comfort and reduce recall post procedure. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Abraham N, Barkun A, Larocque M, Fallone C, Mayrand S, Baffis V, Cohen A, Daly D, Daoud H, Joseph L. Predicting which patients can undergo upper endoscopy comfortably without conscious sedation. Gastrointest Endosc. 2002;56(2):180–9 Thanvi BR, Munshi SK, Vijayakumar N, Taub N, Lo TC. Acceptability of oesophagogastroduodenoscopy without intravenous sedation: patients’ versus endoscopist’s perception with special reference to older patients. Postgrad Med J. 2003;79(937):650–1 Von Delius S, Hollweck R, Schmid RM, Frimberger E. Midazolam-pain, but one cannot remember it: a survey among southern German endoscopists. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007;19(6):475–70
Acute pancreatitis as an adverse event in patients with the duodenal-jejunal bypass liner
Authors: Bark Betzel, Jens Homan, Edo Aarts, Ignace Janssen, Marcel Spanier, Peter Wahab, Marcel Groenen, Frits Berends
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Placement of the duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is a minimally invasive technique for the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity. Acute pancreatitis was seen in 5 of 167 patients (3 %) in our series. It is suggested that acute pancreatitis in patients with the DJBL results from either direct blockage or edema of the major duodenal papilla, which may be caused by the following: migration of the anchor of the DJBL, accumulation of food debris between the liner and the duodenal wall, or reflux of duodenal contents into the pancreatic duct due to intraluminal hypertension caused by the liner. Early removal of the DJBL resulted in fast and complete recovery, whereas delayed diagnosis and removal led to severe, necrotizing acute pancreatitis.
Acoustic Cluster Therapy (ACT) enhances the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel and Abraxane® for treatment of human prostate adenocarcinoma in mice
Authors: Annemieke van Wamel, Per Christian Sontum, Andrew Healey, Svein Kvåle, Nigel Bush, Jeffrey Bamber, Catharina de Lange Davies
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
THU0430 Angiogenesis in Moderate or Severe Psoriasis: A Prospective Study of the Effect of Treatment with Adalimumab for a Period of 6 Months:
Authors: M. Santos-Gόmez, C. González-Vela, R. Blanco, J.L. Hernández, S. Armesto, M.A. González-Lόpez, J. Loricera, V. Calvo-Río, M. Marcellán, M. Drake, C. Ortega, S. Hermana-Ramírez, A. Corrales, T. Pina, M.A. González-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Angiogenesis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. TNFa is an essential mediator that induces the expression of VEGF, which activates the endothelial cells, promoting angiogenesis. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aims were: a) to quantify the angiogenesis and the VEGF expression in healthy skin and in plaque psoriasis before and 6 months after starting adalimumab (ADA), and b) to correlate these parameters with clinical assessment scales. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study of a series of patients with moderate/severe psoriasis who completed 6 months of treatment with ADA.Two biopsies of healthy skin and of plaque psoriasis were performed, one before starting ADA and the other was performed at 6 months. In each sample, an immunohistochemical study to VEGF, TNFα and CD31 was performed. Quantification of angiogenesis (CD31) was analyzed using an Automated Cellular Imaging sistem (DAKO). <h3>Results</h3> Twenty three patients (13 W/10 M;mean age of 37±12 years) with a mean evolution of psoriasis of 19,9±13.1 years were included. Six patients also had (26%) arthritis. Comparison of clinical and histological parameters at baseline and 6 months of treatment with ADA shown in TABLE. At the baseline visit the following values were significantly higher in skin biopsy with psoriasis than in healthy skin: a) levels of angiogenesis (endothelial area positive-CD31): 2274,2±833,1 vs 810,61±425,2 (p&lt;0.001); b) positive expression of VEGF: 87% vs 8,7% (p&lt;0.001) y c) positive expression of TNFα: 82,6 vs 4,3% (p&lt;0.001). A significant clinical and histological improvement in the expression of TNF, VEGF and angiogenesis was observed after treatment with ADA. The clinical parameters of psoriasis and angiogenesis (VEGF, TNF and CD31) only showed a significant correlation between the improvement in PASI and basal CD31. Thus, patients with lower baseline PASI had a greater response to therapy (r=0,590; p&lt;0,003). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this series, ADA reduces the levels of VEGF and angiogenesis in plaque psoriasis. This fact seems to suggest that a part of their effect is due to inhibition of angiogenesis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A randomized double-blind study of fluoxetine versus placebo in the treatment of dysthymia
Authors: D J Hellerstein, P Yanowitch, J Rosenthal, L W Samstag, M Maurer, K Kasch, L Burrows, M Poster, M Cantillon, A Winston
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of fluoxetine, a selective serotonergic antidepressant, in the treatment of dysthymia.Thirty-five patients who met criteria for dysthymia, but not major depression, began randomized, double-blind 8-week trials of fluoxetine or placebo.Of 32 patients who completed the study, 10 (62.5%) of the 16 patients given fluoxetine and three (18.8%) of the 16 given placebo responded to treatment. Response was defined as 1) 50% or greater decrease in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score and 2) a score of 1 or 2 on the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) improvement subscale. Fluoxetine subjects showed significantly greater improvement at week 8 than placebo subjects on the Hamilton depression and CGI scales, but not on the Hopkins Symptom Check-list (58-item) or the Cornell Dysthymia Rating Scale.When compared to placebo, fluoxetine showed short-term effectiveness in treating dysthymic symptoms.
AB0110 Anti-Rankl Treatment Inhibits Erosive Joint Destruction But Has No Effect on Bone Formation in the DTH Arthritis Model
Authors: S.M. Atkinson, J. Bleil, A. Kühl, M. Thorn, C. Haase, S. Skov, A. Nansen, U. Syrbe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The delayed-type hypersensitivity arthritis (DTHA) model combines collagen type II antibody (anti-CII) treatment with local DTH induction in the footpad [1] which induces a strong arthritis accompanied by bone destruction and excessive peri-articular bone formation. <h3>Objectives</h3> Here we analyzed the impact of osteoclasts on inflammation, joint damage and bone formation in the DTHA model. <h3>Methods</h3> C57BL/6 mice were immunized with methylated BSA (mBSA) in CFA, given 1000 μg anti-CII four days later [1] and challenged seven days after immunization with 200 μg mBSA in PBS in one hind foot pad and with 20 μl PBS only in the other foot pad (control). Osteoclast activity was determined <i>in vivo</i> by fluorescence imaging using the Cat K 680 FAST probe. Receptor-activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANKL), TRAP and Cathespin K (CatK) mRNA expression was analyzed in arthritic paw tissue by mRNA deep sequencing. TRAP5b, CTX-I and CTX-II serum levels were determined by ELISA. In situ expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), collagen 10 (COL10) and osteocalcin was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Inflammation, erosive joint damage and peri-articular bone formation were semi-quantitatively scored. <h3>Results</h3> <i>In vivo</i> imaging of osteoclast activity showed increased CatK activity on days 3 and 8 after arthritis induction in the arthritic paw. RANKL mRNA expression peaked on d3 while TRAP and CatK mRNA expression peaked on d8. Erosive joint damage was driven from the subchrondal bone marrow side. Here, TRAP-positive osteoclasts were located at the borders of a granulation tissue which eroded the subchondral bone plate. Peri-articular bone formation involved COL10 expressing hypertrophic chondrocytes as well as osteocalcin–expressing osteoblasts. Treatment with anti-RANKL antibody did not affect footpad swelling (p&gt;0.05) but reduced the serum levels of TRAP5b (p&lt;0.001) and CTX-I (p&lt;0.001) and prevented the destruction of the subchondral bone plate (p&lt;0.001) and development of the invasive granulation tissue (p&lt;0.001) at subchondral sites. Scores of intra- and peri-articular inflammation and scores of peri-articular bone formation did not change (p&gt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation prevents joint destruction in the DTHA model driven by the subchondral granulation tissue while leaving intra-articular and peri-articular inflammation and bone formation unaffected. Osteoclast activity might be targeted to prevent erosive damage driven from subchondral sites as for instance in sacroiliacal joints of patients with spondyloarthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Description: In 1996, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommended that all women planning or capable of pregnancy take a multivitamin supplement containing folic acid for the prevention of neural tube defects. This recommendation is an update of the 1996 USPSTF recommendation. Methods: The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on folic acid supplementation in women of childbearing age published since the 1996 USPSTF recommendation. The USPSTF did not review the evidence on folic acid food fortification, counseling to increase dietary intake, or screening for neural tube defects. Recommendation: The USPSTF recommends that all women planning or capable of pregnancy take a daily supplement containing 0.4 to 0.8 mg (400 to 800 μg) of folic acid. (Grade A recommendation).
Bioterrorism, Glanders and melioidosis
Authors: A C Cheng, D AB Dance, B J Currie
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

We note with interest the recently published guidelines for management of melioidosis and glanders. We are clinicians with extensive experience with melioidosis in Australia and Thailand and would like to express our concern at a number of inaccuracies in these guidelines.
Gastroscopic removal of intrahepatic stones through a large choledochoduodenal fistula
Authors: Lichao Zhang, Jiansheng Kang, Zhanying Qiao, Jun Guo, Senlin Hou
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

An 89-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with fever of 3 days' duration. He had undergone cholecystectomy and common bile duct exploration 30 years earlier because of gallstone disease. The patient also had symptoms of cholangitis and cholelithiasis ([Fig. 1]).
Some Physiologic Relationships between the Obese (&lt;italic&gt;obob&lt;/italic&gt;) Genotype of the Mouse and the Harding-Passey Melanoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: George L. Wolff
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Some Physiologic Relationships between the Obese (obob) Genotype of the Mouse and the Harding-Passey Melanoma Get access George L. Wolff George L. Wolff National Cancer Institute,5Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 5, April 1956, Pages 1231–1247, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.5.1231 Published: 01 April 1956 Article history Received: 16 November 1955 Published: 01 April 1956
Most government departments do not keep track of research they commission, inquiry finds
Authors: Matthew Limb
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A judge led inquiry has called for tougher rules to stop political manipulation of government commissioned research.

The inquiry found that research evidence on food banks, immigration, choice of GP, and drugs policy were among cases where results were “held back when the findings were politically awkward.”

Former Lord Justice of Appeal, Stephen Sedley, investigated the delayed publication of government commissioned research for a report published on 2 June.1

He said that conflict with current or impending policy initiatives was “not an acceptable reason” for ministers to delay or withhold publication of external research.

Sedley is a trustee of Sense …
SP0144 Genetic Scores to Predict the Development of RA
Authors: J.C. Sergeant
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

The identification of individuals at increased risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) would enable targeted interventions aimed at preventing disease or reducing its future severity. There is growing interest in developing statistical prediction models to perform this function by accurately stratifying populations into risk groups or predicting individual probabilities of incident disease. While many models use clinical and lifestyle risk factors as the basis for predicting RA, specific genetic risk scores can be also developed and, furthermore, genetic information can be included in models alongside clinical and lifestyle factors. As the number of identified genetic associations with RA increases, the potential predictive value of data from this source also increases and with it the potential benefit of incorporating genetic information into predictive modelling. This talk will consider the role of genetic information in models for predicting the development of RA, including the need to assess the predictive advantage gained over models based solely on more routinely available risk information. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared