tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plaque Characterization of Viruses From South American Nonhuman Primates&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M D Daniel, L V Meléndez, H H Barahona
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Plaque Characterization of Viruses From South American Nonhuman Primates Get access M. D. Daniel, M. D. Daniel Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough Massachusetts 01772 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. V. Meléndez, L. V. Meléndez Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough Massachusetts 01772 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. H. Barahona H. H. Barahona Harvard Medical School, New England Regional Primate Research Center, Southborough Massachusetts 01772 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 49, Issue 1, July 1972, Pages 239–250, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/49.1.239 Published: 01 July 1972
The Ethics of Placebo-Controlled Trials
Authors: Charles Weijer, Kathleen Cranley Glass
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

I WILL ADDRESS the ethics of placebo-controlled trials in general and will not enter into the specifics of which sorts of trials may or may not ethically use a placebo control in osteoporosis. The reasons for this are 2-fold. First, and most obviously, I am not an expert in the treatment of osteoporosis. Moral actions for the use of placebo controls turn on facts regarding the standard of care, in this case, for the treatment of osteoporosis. Experts in the field are in the best position to determine such facts, and the moral actions for osteoporosis trials follow by deductive logic from the framework I will outline. Second, the term “ethics” and what it might mean has come up repeatedly during this conference, even in the most scientific of presentations. We have heard the ethics of placebo-controlled trials analyzed according to “use,” “social use,” and “economic analysis.” These are, I contend, wrong-headed ways of approaching the ethics of research. I believe a paper that steps back from the particulars of this debate and addresses the ethics of research at a more conceptual level will be of greatest use.
First-line chemoimmunotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab versus fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab in patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL10): an international, open-label, randomised, phase 3, non-inferiority trial
Authors: Barbara Eichhorst, Anna-Maria Fink, Jasmin Bahlo, Raymonde Busch, Gabor Kovacs, Christian Maurer, Elisabeth Lange, Hubert Köppler, Michael Kiehl, Martin Sökler, Rudolf Schlag, Ursula Vehling-Kaiser, Georg Köchling, Christoph Plöger, Michael Gregor, Torben Plesner, Marek Trneny, Kirsten Fischer, Harmut Döhner, Michael Kneba, Clemens-Martin Wendtner, Wolfram Klapper, Karl-Anton Kreuzer, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Sebastian Böttcher, Michael Hallek
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2016)
Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Anne-Margriet Huisman, Simone A Vreugdenhil, Henk C van Paassen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

the authors reply: Arias et al. correctly note that diabetes is an independent risk factor for congestive heart failure. Data from the Cardiovascular Health Study have also shown a significant independent relationship between diabetes and the development of congestive heart failure1; most cases of heart failure in that cohort were associated with a normal or near-normal ejection fraction — that is, they were cases of diastolic heart failure.1-3 We agree that aggressive control of diabetes, as well as of hypertension, should be considered an important component of the management of heart failure.
Hepatitis C
Authors: Deborah Tolmach Sugerman
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Hepatitis CHepatitis C virus (HCV) is an infection that affects the liver.Hepatitis C is contagious and is usually transmitted through blood.People with acute HCV, a short-term illness, usually do not have symptoms.In rare cases, acute HCV may cause fever, nausea and vomiting, and jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes).Most people with acute HCV infection do not know they are infected, and most eventually develop chronic HCV, a long-term illness.Over time, 20% to 30% develop severe liver disease, such as cirrhosis or cancer, which can be fatal.Currently, most cases of hepatitis are newly diagnosed cases of chronic HCV among baby boomers (people born between 1945 and 1965).As a result, some health organizations have recommended that everyone in this age group be screened for HCV.The August 13, 2014, issue of JAMA contains a review article about HCV treatment.
The E3-ligase E6AP Represses Breast Cancer Metastasis via Regulation of ECT2-Rho Signaling
Authors: Mariam Mansour, Sue Haupt, Ai-Leen Chan, Nathan Godde, Alexandra Rizzitelli, Sherene Loi, Franco Caramia, Siddhartha Deb, Elena A. Takano, Mark Bishton, Cameron Johnstone, Brendon Monahan, Yarra Levav-Cohen, Yong-Hui Jiang, Alpha S. Yap, Stephen Fox, Ora Bernard, Robin Anderson, Ygal Haupt
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Metastatic disease is the major cause of breast cancer-related death and despite many advances, current therapies are rarely curative. Tumor cell migration and invasion require actin cytoskeletal reorganization to endow cells with capacity to disseminate and initiate the formation of secondary tumors. However, it is still unclear how these migratory cells colonize distant tissues to form macrometastases. The E6-associated protein, E6AP, acts both as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and as a coactivator of steroid hormone receptors. We report that E6AP suppresses breast cancer invasiveness, colonization, and metastasis in mice, and in breast cancer patients, loss of E6AP associates with poor prognosis, particularly for basal breast cancer. E6AP regulates actin cytoskeletal remodeling via regulation of Rho GTPases, acting as a negative regulator of ECT2, a GEF required for activation of Rho GTPases. E6AP promotes ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of ECT2 for which high expression predicts poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. We conclude that E6AP suppresses breast cancer metastasis by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling through the control of ECT2 and Rho GTPase activity. These findings establish E6AP as a novel suppressor of metastasis and provide a compelling rationale for inhibition of ECT2 as a therapeutic approach for patients with metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4236-48. ©2016 AACR.
Nanoprobes for two-photon excitation time-resolved imaging of living animals: In situ analysis of tumor-targeting dynamics of nanocarriers
Authors: Wen Yang, Li-Min Fu, Xue Wen, Ying Liu, Ye Tian, Yu-Chen Liu, Rong-Cheng Han, Zhi-Yue Gao, Tian-En Wang, Yin-Lin Sha, Yu-Qiang Jiang, Yuan Wang, Jian-Ping Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Massive Atelectasis due to Fibrinous Bronchitis
Authors: P. B. Woolley
Journal: Thorax (1953)

Of all bronchial diseases, fibrinous, plastic, pseudo-membranous or Hoffmann's bronchitis seems to be one of the rarest.It has been esti- mated that up to 1869 about 130 cases had been reported (Walker, 1920); between 1869 and 1902 Bettmann (1902) collected 50, and between 1902 and 1920 a further 31 were reported (Walker, 1920).From 1920 to 1950 I have collected 25 new ones and these would bring the total up to about 136 in the world literature.The most important diagnostic feature is the coughing up of muco- fibrinous casts during the course of a bronchitic type of illness.In some cases, however, casts are either not coughed up or not noticed; as the acute variety may be fatal, they may be found in the bronchi at necropsy, as in the case described below.Small fibrinous casts or plugs may be found in several acute or chronic lung diseases (Christian, 1919).This type of cast formation is symptomatic of the primary lesion and does not constitute true idiopathic fibrinous bronchitis.In the latter con- dition the casts are frequently long and may branch down to the seventh degree (Walker, 1920).They are greyish-white, sometimes hollow, and may contain Charcot-Leyden crystals and Cursch- mann's spirals, together with leucocytes and bacteria.The leucocytic infiltration is not un- commonly eosinophilic; this has led to the belief that the condition may be allergic and closely associated with asthma (Beaumont, 1950); the bacteria are variable and of doubtful aetiological significance.A neurogenic origin has also been suggested and Bezancon has compared the disease with muco-membranous colitis.In recent times it has been shown radiographically that extensive atelectasis may complicate the clinical picture.Rakower (1938) described a case with collapse of the whole of the left lung which subsequently expanded, and Malamud and Lisman (1946) described one with collapse of the left lower lobe.Both these patients coughed up casts and recovered.Johnstone (1945) described a fatal case in a girl of 21 years who had had no previous chest trouble; this illustrates the doubtful prognosis of the acute variety.The case reported below is another in which the diagnosis of fibrinous bronchitis was established after death.on July 8,
Ultrafine and Fine Particles and Hospital Admissions in Central Europe. Results from the UFIREG Study
Authors: Stefanie Lanzinger, Alexandra Schneider, Susanne Breitner, Massimo Stafoggia, Ivan Erzen, Miroslav Dostal, Anna Pastorkova, Susanne Bastian, Josef Cyrys, Anja Zscheppang, Tetiana Kolodnitska, Annette Peters
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Rationale: Evidence of short-term effects of ultrafine particles (UFP) on health is still inconsistent and few multicenter studies have been conducted so far especially in Europe.Objectives: Within the UFIREG project, we investigated the short-term effects of UFP and fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm [PM2.5]) on daily cause-specific hospital admissions in five Central and Eastern European cities using harmonized protocols for measurements and analyses.Methods: Daily counts of cause-specific hospital admissions focusing on cardiovascular and respiratory diseases were obtained for Augsburg and Dresden (Germany), 2011–2012; Chernivtsi (Ukraine), 2013 to March 2014; and Ljubljana (Slovenia) and Prague (Czech Republic), 2012–2013. Air pollution and meteorologic data were measured at fixed monitoring sites in all cities. We analyzed city-specific associations using confounder-adjusted Poisson regression models and pooled the city-specific effect estimates using metaanalysis methods.Measurements and Main Results: A 2,750 particles/cm3 increase (average interquartile range across all cities) in the 6-day average of UFP indicated a delayed and prolonged increase in the pooled relative risk of respiratory hospital admissions (3.4% [95% confidence interval, −1.7 to 8.8%]). We also found increases in the pooled relative risk of cardiovascular (exposure average of lag 2–5, 1.8% [0.1–3.4%]) and respiratory (6-d average exposure, 7.5% [4.9–10.2%]) admissions per 12.4 μg/m3 increase (average interquartile range) in PM2.5.Conclusions: Our findings indicated delayed and prolonged effects of UFP exposure on respiratory hospital admissions in Central and Eastern Europe. Cardiovascular and respiratory hospital admissions increased in association with an increase in PM2.5. Further multicenter studies are needed using harmonized UFP measurements to draw definite conclusions on health effects of UFP.
Becoming an administrator: the vicissitudes of middle management in mental health organizations
Authors: D M Dressler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Middle management has been a conceptually neglected and operationally abused position in the administrative hierarchy of mental health organizations. The position is viewed as a preparatory exercise for executive responsibility, and frequent changes disrupt service delivery. The author describes the responsibilities, hierarchical role relationships, rewards, and constraints of middle management positions. Health care professionals must actively seek and retain these positions if they wish to maintain their place in directing the work of mental health institutions.
Abstract A40: Epigenomic profiling identifies NCRNAs as novel tumor suppressors in developmental tumors
Authors: David Herrero-Martin, Franck Court, Santiago Rello-Varona, Miguel Sainz-Jaspeado, Raquel Buj, Sebastian Moran, Silvia Garcia-Monclus, Juan Huertas-Martinez, Jaume Mora, Miquel Angel Peinado, Javier Alonso, Enrique de Alava, Dave Monk, Manel Esteller, Oscar M. Tirado
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Pediatric sarcomas represent a diverse group of rare bone and soft tissue malignancies. Although the molecular mechanisms that propel the development of these cancers are not well understood, identification of tumor-specific translocations in many sarcomas has provided significant insight into their tumorigenesis. Besides of acting as a direct modulator of transcription, fusion proteins appear to exert its oncogenic functions by epigenetic modifications on the transcriptome. Aberrant DNA methylations are thought to be closely related to the development of cancer. Therefore, the identification of specific DNA methylation markers would be helpful for understanding the pathogenetic mechanism as well as for developing new therapeutic strategies. By using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450, we analyze the methylome of Ewing Sarcoma (ES) and Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) tumors and cell lines as developmental tumors in comparison to a significant number of normal tissues and cells as a reference. Our results uncover one miRNA with tumor suppressive activities in both tumor entities. Molecular mechanisms associated to these activities are further explored. Citation Format: David Herrero-Martin, Franck Court, Santiago Rello-Varona, Miguel Sainz-Jaspeado, Raquel Buj, Sebastian Moran, Silvia Garcia-Monclus, Juan Huertas-Martinez, Jaume Mora, Miquel Angel Peinado, Javier Alonso, Enrique de Alava, Dave Monk, Manel Esteller, Oscar M. Tirado. Epigenomic profiling identifies NCRNAs as novel tumor suppressors in developmental tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A40.
Effect of Acetylsalicylic Acid on Metabolism and Contractility in the Ischemic Reperfused Heart
Authors: Hitoshi Kawabata, Kazuyoshi Sugiyama, Ryo Katori
Journal: Circulation (1996)

The effect of acetylsaiicylic acid (ASA) on high-energy phosphates (adenosine triphosphate: ATP, creatine phosphate: CrP, inorganic phosphate: Pi) and intracellular pH during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion was studied using phosphorus 31-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR) in the isolated rabbit hearts. Coronary flow, left ventricular systolic developed pressure (LV Dev.P) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were also measured. Langendorff hearts perfused at 37 °C with the perfluorochemical emulsion Fluosol-43 were subjected to 15 min and 30 min of zero-flow ischemia and to 15 min of low-flow ischemia (coronary perfusion pressure=20 mmHg) followed by 65 min of reperfusion (control, Group I). ASA (0.28 mmol/L) was infused either for the entire experimental period from beginning 45 min prior to ischemia (Group II) and infused immediately after reperfusion (Group III). During ischemia, Group II showed a significant suppression of the decrease in the ATP level and pH with both zero-flow and low-flow ischemia compared to those in the other groups, and moreover the increase in Pi and the decrease in CrP in low-flow ischemia were also suppressed. In Group III, the ATP level during reperfusion was significantly higher than that in Group I, but was not significantly different from that in 30 min zero-flow ischemia. In 30 min zero-flow ischemia, Pi, CrP and coronary flow after reperfusion in Group II tended to recover to preischemic values. There were no differences in LV Dev. P among the 3 groups. In conclusion, ASA has a protective effect on myocardial high-energy phosphates during ischemia and reperfusion in rabbit hearts. (Jpn Circ J 1996; 60: 961 - 971)
C-Reactive Protein in the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Mayer Brezis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

1059 respect to the discontinuation of aspirin, the transfusion of platelets, and the use of antifibrinolytic therapy — all of which are associated with worsened morbidity. Nor did isolated group differences confound our findings. In addition, as Topol elegantly states, we should not discount the compelling experiences with aspirin therapy in at-risk medical patients. In conclusion, we are left with a dilemma, for our problem is potentially unsolvable. Aspirin is safe and inexpensive; it probably reduces vein-graft occlusion; it may reduce complications involving the heart, brain, kidney, and intestine; and no other therapy is available. Given these circumstances, can a randomized clinical trial, wherein one group is deprived of aspirin, even be performed? If not, the clinician must adjudicate, for each patient, the cost– benefit ratio for early aspirin therapy.
Letter to the Editor: Outbreaks caused by parvovirus B19
Authors: H Kelly, J Leydon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

In a recent edition of Eurosurveillance Monthly, Gonçalves and colleagues reported that outbreaks of a rash illness in a kindergarten, primary and secondary school in the local health area of Braga in northern Portugal were due to human parvovirus B19 [1]. Although human parvovirus was suspected clinically, laboratory investigations were undertaken to exclude both measles and rubella as the cause of the outbreak, given that Portugal is approaching measles elimination. The authors noted that human parvovirus has been reported as a cause of rash illness, potentially as a differential diagnosis for measles and rubella, in developing and developed countries [1].
Prone Positioning in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Claude Guérin, Jean Reignier, Jean-Christophe Richard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Prone positioning is nowadays considered as one of the most effective strategies for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).The evolution of the pathophysiological understanding surrounding the prone position closely follows the history of ARDS.At the beginning, the focus of the prone position was the improvement in oxygenation attributed to a perfusion redistribution.However, the mechanisms behind the prone position are more complex.Indeed, the positive effects on oxygenation and CO 2 clearance of the prone position are to be ascribed to a more homogeneous inflationventilation, to the lung/thoracic shape mismatch, and to the change of chest wall elastance.In the past 20 years, five major trials have tried, starting from different theories, hypotheses, and designs, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the prone position, which finally found its definitive place among the different ARDS supportive therapies.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor mutational status predicts patterns of metastatic spread in treatment-naïve Adenocarcinomas of the lung
Authors: A. Russo, T. Franchina, A. Picone, F. Raiti, G.R.R. Ricciardi, V. Franchina, G. Ferraro, A. Scimone, G. Toscano, V. Adamo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Patient Compliance
Authors: Barry Blackwell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

MUCH time, effort and expense is spent in the study of the effects of drugs, but little attention is devoted to whether or not patients take them as directed. And yet the drug defaulter is part of every practice, and to prescribe effectively, physicians should know how to recognize and reduce factors that contribute to poor compliance.Frequency and Types of NoncomplianceNoncompliance has been observed in the treatment of a wide variety of diseases. A recent review of over 50 studies1 found that complete failure to take medication often occurred in between 1/4 and over 1/2 of all outpatients. . . .
Withdrawal syndromes associated with antipsychotic drugs
Authors: G Gardos, J O Cole, D Tarsy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

Withdrawal symptoms frequently follow abrupt discontinuation of antipsychotic compounds. In addition to other somatic symptoms, withdrawal-emergent dyskinesias may be observed. "Covert dyskinesia" refers to a masked form of tardive dyskinesia that becomes clinically detectable only after antipsychotic drugs are withdrawn or their dosage is reduced. Withdrawal dyskinesia appears under similar circumstances but disappears spontaneously in 6 to 12 weeks. Cholinergic overactivity and changes in dopamine-acetylcholine balance in the basal ganglia may underlie these withdrawal syndromes. The principal value of the concept of covert dyskinesia is in the secondary and tertiary prevention of tardive dyskinesia through early discovery and treatment.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in the community: an epidemiologic survey with clinical reappraisal
Authors: M B Stein, D R Forde, G Anderson, J R Walker
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

To examine the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and DSM-IV obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the authors conducted a telephone survey of 2,261 adults in four regions of Canada.Trained lay interviewers administered a modified version of the OCD section of the Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview. A subsample of respondents with probable cases and probable subclinical cases of OCD was then blindly reinterviewed by research personnel experienced in the assessment of OCD, using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, to confirm the diagnosis and gauge the severity of OCD.The weighted 1-month prevalence of OCD in the entire sample according to the lay interviews was 3.1%. Upon clinical reappraisal, the 1-month prevalence estimate of OCD dropped to 0.6%; an additional 0.6% had subclinical OCD. The mean Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score of the individuals with OCD was 19.0 (SD = 4.6, median = 21); for those with subclinical OCD, the mean score was 15.4 (SD = 2.4, median = 14). Common reasons for overdiagnosis of OCD by the lay interviewers were inappropriate labeling of worries or concerns as obsessions and overestimating the degree of interference or distress attributable to obsessive-compulsive symptoms.OCD, while hardly a rare condition, may be somewhat less prevalent than had been believed on the basis of previous surveys. Additional studies are needed to substantiate these findings and to delineate precisely the extent of disability and reduced quality of life attributable to OCD (and OCD variants) in the community.
Urine proteome analysis in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction complicated by chronic kidney disease: feasibility, and clinical and pathogenetic correlates
Authors: Dimitrios Farmakis, Thomas Koeck, William Mullen, John Parissis, Bill D. Gogas, Maria Nikolaou, John Lekakis, Harald Mischak, Gerasimos Filippatos
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)
Double-blind controlled trial of sertraline versus paroxetine in the treatment of delusional depression
Authors: R Zanardi, L Franchini, M Gasperini, J Perez, E Smeraldi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

In this study the authors evaluated the efficacy and the tolerability of sertraline and paroxetine in the treatment of delusional depression.Under double-blind conditions, 46 hospitalized patients who met the DSM-III-R criteria for major depression with psychotic features were treated with sertraline or paroxetine for 6 weeks.The response rates were 75% and 46% for sertraline and paroxetine, respectively. The dropout rate was substantial (41%) in the paroxetine group and was attributable to side effects.Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors administered alone are useful in the treatment of delusional depression.