tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of ketanserin on pressor response to vasoactive substances in early phase of one-kidney, one clip renal artery stenosis in rats and rabbits.
Authors: Masao Fujie, Shuichi Ichikawa, Masami Kogure, Kuniya Hatakeyama, Shouichirou Kawajiri, Kazuhiko Murata
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The effect of ketanserin (KET), a specific 5-hydroxytryptamine2 (5-HT2) receptor blockade, on pressor response to vasoactive substances was examined in rats with one-kidney, one clip renal artery stenosis of 2 days' duration (2-day clipped rat) and in rabbits with renal artery stenosis of 3 days' duration (3-day clipped rabbits). The 2-day clipped rats showed hyperresponsiveness to norepinephrine (NE), arginine vasopressin (AVP) and 5-HT. All hyperresponsiveness were attenuated by a subdepressor dose of KET. The infusion of KET, 10 μg/kg/min for 30 minutes, decreased mean arterial pressure of the 3-day clipped rabbits ; the dose did not alter blood pressure of the normal controls. Exaggerated pressor response to NE was observed in the 3-day clipped rabbits and was abolished by a subdepressor dose of KET, 2.5 μg/kg/min. These results suggest that 5-HT may be involved in the enhanced pressor response to vasoconstrictor substances in the 2-day clipped rats and 3-day clipped rabbits, and that it may also play an important role in maintaining blood pressure in the 3-day clipped rabbits.
Abstract 147: Cyclosporine a as a Neuro- and Cardioprotective Agent After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Rat Model
Authors: Jürgen Knapp, Joachim Roewer, Bernd W Böttiger, Erik Popp
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine A (CsA) is a direct inhibitor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore which is the common end point of many pathways of ischaemic pre- and postconditioning. We studied the neuro- and cardioprotective effect of CsA after cardiac arrest (CA) in a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods and Results: Following institutional approval by the Governmental Animal Care Committee rats were subjected to 6 min of CA and were randomly and investigator-blinded allocated either to placebo (n=15) or interventional group (n=15, 10 mg/kg body weight CsA intravenously) after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). Before CA (baseline) as well as 1 h and 3 h after ROSC, continuous measurement of stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), preload adjusted maximum power (PAMP) and end diastolic volume (EDV) was performed using a conductance catheter. One day, 3 days, and 7 days after ROSC neurological outcome was evaluated by a tape removal test. After seven days of reperfusion coronal brain sections were analyzed by counting Nissl-positive (i.e. viable) neurons and TUNEL-positive (i.e. apoptotic) cells. Animals treated with CsA had a higher SV (96 [93; 107] vs. 78 [73; 94] μl, p=0.02), higher EF (58 [51; 63] vs. 42 [35; 51] %, p=0.002), and higher PAMP (4.8 [3.9; 6.1] vs. 2.3 [2.0; 2.6] mW/μl 2 , p&lt;0.001). EDV remained stable in the CsA group 3 h after ROSC in comparison to baseline (160 [143; 181] vs. 157 [148; 192] μl, p=0.56), whereas it increased in the placebo group (169 [153; 221] vs. 156 [138; 166] μl, p=0.05). More neurons survived after administration of CsA (2.5 [1.6; 4.9] vs. 0.7 [0.4; 1.4] Nissl-positive cells/100 pixel; p=0.005). Animals in the CsA group needed less than half of the time in the tape removal test 7 days after ROSC than placebo treated animals without reaching statistical significance (26 [22; 51] vs. placebo 53 [38; 56] s; p=0.13). CsA treatment did not affect number of TUNEL-positive cells and survival rate. Conclusion: Pharmacological treatment with CsA after successful CPR attenuates myocardial dysfunction and reduces neuronal damage.
Autophagy mediates epithelial cytoprotection in eosinophilic oesophagitis
Authors: Kelly A Whelan, Jamie F Merves, Veronique Giroux, Koji Tanaka, Andy Guo, Prasanna M Chandramouleeswaran, Alain J Benitez, Kara Dods, Jianwen Que, Joanne C Masterson, Shahan D Fernando, Bridget C Godwin, Andres J Klein-Szanto, Kudakwashe Chikwava, Eduardo D Ruchelli, Kathryn E Hamilton, Amanda B Muir, Mei-Lun Wang, Glenn T Furuta, Gary W Falk, Jonathan M Spergel, Hiroshi Nakagawa
Journal: Gut (2016)

Objective The influence of eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE)-associated inflammation upon oesophageal epithelial biology remains poorly understood. We investigated the functional role of autophagy in oesophageal epithelial cells (keratinocytes) exposed to the inflammatory EoE milieu. Design Functional consequences of genetic or pharmacological autophagy inhibition were assessed in endoscopic oesophageal biopsies, human oesophageal keratinocytes, single cell-derived ex vivo murine oesophageal organoids as well as a murine model recapitulating EoE-like inflammation and basal cell hyperplasia. Gene expression, morphological and functional characterisation of autophagy and oxidative stress were performed by transmission electron microscopy, immunostaining, immunoblotting, live cell imaging and flow cytometry. Results EoE-relevant inflammatory conditions promoted autophagy and basal cell hyperplasia in three independent murine EoE models and oesophageal organoids. Inhibition of autophagic flux via chloroquine treatment augmented basal cell hyperplasia in these model systems. Oesophageal keratinocytes stimulated with EoE-relevant cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin-13 exhibited activation of autophagic flux in a reactive oxygen species-dependent manner. Autophagy inhibition via chloroquine treatment or depletion of Beclin-1 or ATG-7, augmented oxidative stress induced by EoE-relevant stimuli in murine EoE, oesophageal organoids and human oesophageal keratinocytes. Oesophageal epithelia of paediatric EoE patients with active inflammation displayed increased autophagic vesicle content compared with normal and EoE remission subjects. Functional flow cytometric analysis revealed autophagic flux in human oesophageal biopsies. Conclusions Our findings reveal for the first time that autophagy may function as a cytoprotective mechanism to maintain epithelial redox balance and homeostasis under EoE inflammation-associated stress, providing mechanistic insights into the role of autophagy in EoE pathogenesis.
Birth and the Origins of Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Nigel Paneth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

In 1862 William John Little, M.D., an orthopedic practitioner in London, described 47 children with what he termed spastic rigidity.1 His clear account leaves no doubt that he was speaking of the spastic form of the syndrome that we now call cerebral palsy. "Cerebral palsy" is a descriptive term for a collection of nonprogressive neuromotor disorders of central origin that become manifest early in life and are not the result of a recognized cerebral malformation. The main clinical feature is a lack of motor control, presenting most commonly as spasticity or, less commonly, as involuntary movements or incoordination. Any voluntary-muscle . . .
Case 27-2002
Authors: Robert S. Rust, Diane Karluk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 5 1/2-year-old boy was admitted for video electroencephalographic monitoring to investigate his seizures.The boy had been born to a 21-year-old woman by spontaneous vaginal delivery after an uncomplicated, full-term, second pregnancy. He sat up at nine months of age and walked at one year. At 18 to 24 months, his vocabulary was noted to be limited, his speech difficult to understand, and his intellect inferior to that of his 7-year-old brother at those ages. His only illnesses were repeated bouts of tonsillitis, which led to a tonsillectomy at the age of four years. Between the . . .
Effects of panobinostat, a novel deacetylase inhibitor, in primary cultures of anaplastic thyroid tumors.
Authors: M. Catalano, M. Pugliese, A. Germano, R. Poli, N. Palestini, F. Mainini, N. Fortunati, G. Boccuzzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13625 Background: Anaplastic thyroid tumors (ATC) are aggressive human cancers that are resistant to conventional therapy. Panobinostat (LBH589) is a novel deacetylase inhibitor, acting at nanomolar concentrations, currently in phase I-II clinical evaluation for its anti-tumor activity in advanced refractory solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. Aims of the present work were to evaluate the cytotoxic and pro-differentiating activities of LBH589 on primary cultures derived from patients who underwent thyroidectomy for undifferentiated thyroid cancers. Methods: To these aims, we treated four primary cultures (1 sternal metastasis from a recurrent PDTC, and 3 ATC) with LBH589 (5-200nM). After treatment, we evaluated: 1) cell viability and cytotoxicity by WST-1 method; 2) mRNA NIS expression by RT-real-time PCR; 3) presence of NIS protein by indirect immunofluorescence; 3) ability of primary cultures to concentrate iodine by a I125 uptake. Results: At nanomolar concentrations, LBH589 treatment resulted in impairment of cell viability; induction of NIS mRNA and protein; up-take of iodide in all the primary cultures. Conclusions: In conclusion, data from our study on primary cultures strongly suggest that LBH589 is a very good candidate for carefully designed clinical trials for the treatment of this kind of cancer which is known not to respond to conventional therapy. Moreover, the novelty of testing the drug on primary cultures could allow an increase in the effectiveness of the treatment in single patients. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis
Phenolsulfonphthalein Test in the Surgical Prognosis of Unilateral Renovascular Hypertension
Authors: Theodore G. Osius, Donald R. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE effectiveness of renovascular surgery in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients has been unpredictable, and this has prompted a search for a simple but accurate prognostic test to ascertain which hypertensive patients will improve after surgery.Results of the surgical treatment of hypertension by nephrectomy or renal-artery surgery reported since Goldblatt's original communication1 have had little or no predictability.2 3 4 5 6 Intravenous pyelography has been used as an initial screening procedure for size, rate of filling and emptying, concentration (accentuated by hydration) and a rough estimation of renal function; renal-artery angiography often shows the physical presence and anatomic location of an . . .
Comparative Study of Carcinogenic Activity in Each Part of Bracken2
Authors: Iwao Hirono, Katsumasa Fushimi, Hideki Mori, Toshio Miwa, Masanobu Haga
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

The carcinogenic activity of the curled tops and stalks of the young bracken fronds and also of the fronds and rhizomes was compared in inbred strain ACI rats. Rats received the pellets containing the curled tops or the stalks of bracken fronds for 2 months. In another experiment, rats were fed the pellets containing the bracken fronds or rhizomes for 4 months. A control group was fed a normal diet. Carcinogenic activity was observed in each part of the bracken, and tumors were most frequently induced in the ileum. In rats given the curled tops, the incidence and multiplicity of the intestinal tumors were higher than in those receiving the stalks. Furthermore, in rats fed the pellets containing the bracken rhizomes, the latent period of the tumor was shorter and the multiplicity was much higher than in those given the fronds. However, the starch from the bracken rhizomes was not carcinogenic. Conceivably the bracken carcinogen was water soluble and washed away in the preparation process. These results showed that the carcinogenic activity of the curled tops of the young bracken fronds was stronger than that of the stalks and that the carcinogenic activity of the bracken rhizomes was stronger than that of the young frond.
1300: Efficacy and safety of BI 1482694 (HM61713), an EGFR mutant-specific inhibitor, in T790M-positive NSCLC at the recommended phase II dose
Authors: K. Park, J.-S. Lee, J.-Y. Han, K.H. Lee, J.-H. Kim, E.K. Cho, J.Y. Cho, Y.J. Min, J.-S. Kim, D.-W. Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Indications for Hysterectomy
Authors: Jane F. Desforges, Karen J. Carlson, David H. Nichols, Isaac Schiff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Hysterectomy is second only to cesarean section as the most frequently performed major operation in the United States1. Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) indicate that approximately 590,000 hysterectomies are performed annually1. Although there appears to be a downward trend in the rate since the mid-1980s, it is not yet known whether a true decline has occurred, because there have been recent changes in the NHDS sampling method1,2. By the age of 60, over one third of U.S. women have undergone hysterectomy2. The annual hospital costs for the operation currently exceed $5 billion. . . .
Demographics and disease processes of patients seeking second medical hematology/oncology opinions at a tertiary care center in the United States
Authors: K. K. Curtis, D. W. Northfelt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

16018 Background: Second opinions (SO) are common in medical practice. Aside from case series, little evidence exists to demonstrate a clinical benefit associated with SO. Lack of relevant data limits knowledge of numbers of patients, diseases, and motivations of SO seekers. Within the field of medical hematology/oncology (H/O), no specific demographic data are available to characterize patients seeking SO in the United States. Methods: To typify such patients at Mayo Clinic in Arizona (MCA), we recorded demographic and disease-related information for patients seeking these evaluations over a six month period from 1/1 through 6/30/05. Results: A total of 683 patients contacted MCA for medical H/O SO over the 6 month study period. A complete set of demographic and disease-related information was obtained from 655 patients; the remainder were excluded from the data set. Demographically, the majority of patients were female (53%), married (66%), and lived nearby (i.e., from Arizona-58%, or bordering state-22%). Average age was 62.3 years. Among oncologic diagnoses, the majority of patients (60% of 374 reported oncologic diagnoses) stated a diagnosis of breast, lung, colorectal, pancreatic or prostate cancer. Approximately 1/3 of patients had metastatic disease at the time they sought evaluation at MCA. There were 278 patients seeking evaluation for hematologic abnormalities, with the majority (160 patients, 58%) seeking evaluation for non-malignant conditions. Of those with malignancies, lymphoma (including Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin) was the most common (45%), followed by multiple myeloma (21%) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (15%). Conclusions: This study provides insight into demographics and disease processes of patients seeking medical H/O SO at a tertiary care center in the United States. Although no definite conclusions can be drawn about motivations for seeking H/O SO, future research should examine patient motivation to better understand factors leading to this behavior. Given a lack of evidence for clinical benefit associated with SO seeking, and its potential costliness, better knowledge of demographic and motivational factors may allow for a more constructive approach to be taken toward the needs of SO seekers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Use of Heparin during Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Patients with a History of Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Authors: Bernd Pötzsch, Wolf-Peter Klövekorn, Katharina Madlener
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia are at high risk for thromboembolic complications. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia is caused by heparin-related and platelet-activating antibodies.1 These antibodies, referred to as HIT antibodies, are usually undetectable 100 days after the cessation of heparin therapy.2 Avoidance of a secondary immune response and the use of alternative anticoagulants are strongly recommended in patients who have had heparin-induced thrombocytopenia to avoid another bout. If such patients require cardiopulmonary bypass, danaparoid and hirudin are available.3,4 Both treatments, however, carry the risk of potentially life-threatening hemorrhage, because their anticoagulant actions cannot be neutralized at the end of . . .
Intensified high-dose intravenous interferon alpha 2b (IFNa2b) for adjuvant treatment of stage III melanoma: A randomized phase III Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI) trial [ISRCTN75125874].
Authors: V. Chiarion-Sileni, M. Guida, A. Romanini, R. Ridolfi, M. Mandala, P. Del Bianco, B. Silvestri, M. Medici, M. Michiara, M. Dalla Palma, O. Puccetti, J. Pigozzo, F. Laveder, G. L. De Salvo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

8506 Background: High dose IFNalfa2b, according to the ECOG 1684 schedule, is the only approved adjuvant treatment for stage III melanoma. The risk/benefit profile has limited its use, while efficacy of intravenous (iv) phase and optimal duration have not been defined. The IMI Mel.A. trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a pulsed high dose iv IFNa2b regimen. Methods: Following lymphadenectomy, stage III (AJCC2002) patients (pts), were randomly assigned to either 4 courses of IFNa2b 20 MU/m2iv 5 d/wk for 4 wks every other month (IHDI arm) or the standard high dose regimen of a 4 week iv course followed by 10 MU/m2IFNa2b sc 3 times/wk for 11 months (HDI Arm). Overall survival (OS) was the primary end point. The sample size of 328 pts and 118 deaths was determined assuming a 55% 5-y OS for HDI and an increase of 15% in IHDI (β=20%, α=5%, 2-sided test). Results: From 1998 to 2010, 336 pts were randomized and 330 evaluated for OS: 172 in IHDI, 158 in HDI. Pts were well balanced according to age, sex, PS (WHO), tumor ulceration (41% vs 46%) and number of metastatic lymph-nodes (N1: 64% vs 60%, N2: 22% vs 28%, N3: 13% vs 10%). Relapse occurred in 87 (IHDI: 50.6%) vs 80 (HDI: 50,6%) pts with a median relapse free survival (RFS) time of 47.9 (IHDI) vs 35.6 (HDI) months, not statistically different and a 5-y RFS of 45.8% (95%CI: 37.4;53.7) in IHDI vs 44.3% (95%CI: 35.7;52.6) in HDI arm. 72 pts (40.8%) died in IHDI arm vs 64 (40.7%) in HDI arm. The median and 5-y OS were 88.7 months (95%CI: 61.2;–) and 60.1% (95%CI: 53;66.5) in IHDI vs 82.6 (95%CI: 45.8;-) and 52.7% (95%CI: 44.9;59.8) in HDI arm, and were not significantly different. Discontinuation due to toxicity or refusal was 20% in IHDI vs 28% in HDI with 66% of pts in IHDI completing the treatment vs 49% in HDI (p=0.0026). The distribution of all grades of toxicity was similar in both groups, except for leucopenia, higher in IHDI arm (23% vs 12%, p=0.0331). Conclusions: Our data show that a shorter but more intensive HDI regimen is more feasible and not more toxic than conventional HDI. No significant differences in efficacy were observed and a meta-analysis of our and DeCog Ma-ADJ-5 trial data could better establish the role of iv HDI.
Impairment of Autophagy in Pulmonary CD11c+ Cells Induces Corticosteroid-Unresponsive Airway Hyperreactivity
Authors: Hadi Maazi, Yuzo Suzuki, Bryant Khoo, Pejman Soroosh, Jae U. Jung, Omid Akbari
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Health Care Communication Technology and Improved Access, Continuity, and Relationships
Authors: Jeffrey A. Linder, David M. Levine
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Two Uncommon Lymphomas
Authors: C. S. Chim, S. K. Ma, C. K. Lam, R. Liang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.2.728 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10080620 Two Uncommon Lymphomas C. S. ChimxC. S. ChimSearch for articles by this author , S. K. MaxS. K. MaSearch for articles by this author , C. K. LamxC. K. LamSearch for articles by this author , R. LiangxR. LiangSearch for articles by this author Show More Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.2.728 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Two Uncommon Lymphomas." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 17(2), p. 728© 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology