tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test in chronic schizophrenia
Authors: A Roy, D Pickar, A Doran, O Wolkowitz, W Gallucci, G Chrousos, P Gold
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

During a drug-free period a group of schizophrenic subjects (N = 9) showed normal mean basal plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in association with normal plasma ACTH and cortisol responses to an infusion of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Administration of fluphenazine had no effect on basal ACTH and cortisol levels or their responses to CRH (N = 8). These data differ from those previously reported in depressed patients, who showed elevated basal cortisol values in association with a blunted ACTH response to CRH, and add to a growing body of literature which suggests that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal regulation is less disturbed in schizophrenia than in depression.
Bronchodilator response following methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction predicts acute asthma exacerbations
Authors: Heung-Woo Park, Woo-Jung Song, Yoon-Suk Chang, Sang-Heon Cho, Soma Datta, Scott T. Weiss, Kelan G. Tantisira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Methacholine bronchial provocation test provides the concentration of methacholine causing a 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ) from baseline (PC 20 ). The dose–response slope (DRS), and other continuous indices of responsiveness (CIR; the percentage decline from the post-diluent baseline FEV 1 after the last dose of methacholine), and per cent recovery index (PRI; the percentage increase from the maximally reduced FEV 1 after bronchodilator inhalation) are alternative measures. The clinical relevance of these indices in predicting acute asthma exacerbations has not been fully evaluated. In two prospective cohorts of childhood and elderly asthmatics, baseline PC 20 , DRS, CIR and PRI were measured and evaluated as predictors of acute asthma exacerbations. We found that PRI was significantly related to the presence of asthma exacerbations during the first year of follow-up in both cohorts of childhood (p=0.025) and elderly asthmatics (p=0.003). In addition, PRI showed a significant association with the total number of steroid bursts during 4.3 years of follow-up in the cohort of childhood asthmatics (p=0.04). We demonstrated that PRI, an index of reversibility following methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction, was a good clinical predictor of acute exacerbations of asthma in both childhood and elderly asthmatics.
Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation for Tachyarrhythmias in Children and Adolescents
Authors: John D. Kugler, David A. Danford, Barbara J. Deal, Paul C. Gillette, James C. Perry, Michael J. Silka, George F. Van Hare, Edward P. Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Although radiofrequency catheter ablation has been used extensively to treat refractory supraventricular tachycardia in adults, few data are available on its safety and efficacy in children and adolescents. We reviewed registry data obtained from 24 centers to evaluate the indications, early results, complications, and short-term follow-up data in young patients who underwent this procedure.
Evidence for Viral Hepatitis Other Than Type a or Type B among Persons in Costa Rica
Authors: Víctor M. Villarejos, Kirsten A. Visoná, Carlos A. Eduarte, Philip J. Provost, Maurice R. Hilleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

In studies of hepatitis in an endemic zone in Costa Rica, 103 patients were examined for antibodies against hepatitts A by the immune-adherence assay, for hepatitis B antigen and its antibody by radioimmunoassay and passive hemagglutination, respectively, and for antibodies against cytomegalovirus by complement fixation. Twelve cases were encountered in which both Type A and Type B hepatitis could be excluded on the basis of serologic testing. In all but one of these 12 patients, cytomegalovirus infection was also excluded. The patients had not had blood transfusions and available evidence pointed to person-to-person transmission. The illness in these patients was evidently neither hepatitis A nor hepatitis B and qualifies for consideration as the still hypothetical third type of hepatitis ("C"?).
Interpretation of Serum Tri-Iodothyronine Levels Measured by the Sterling Technic
Authors: Heinz W. Wahner, Colum A. Gorman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract The mean serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) level was 243 ± 40 (S.D.) ng per 100 ml in 26 normal subjects, 187 ± 92 in 12 hypothyroid patients, and 671 ± 253 in 16 patients with Graves's disease...
A Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein–Thrombospondin-2 Axis and the Risk of Relapse in Neuroblastoma
Authors: Maria Dvorkina, Valentina Nieddu, Shalini Chakelam, Annalisa Pezzolo, Sandra Cantilena, Ana Paula Leite, Olesya Chayka, Tarik Regad, Angela Pistorio, Angela Rita Sementa, Alex Virasami, Jack Barton, Ximena Montano, Tanguy Lechertier, Nicola Brindle, Daniel Morgenstern, Morgane Lebras, Alan J. Burns, Nigel J. Saunders, Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke, Luigi Bagella, Hugues De The, John Anderson, Neil Sebire, Vito Pistoia, Arturo Sala, Paolo Salomoni
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Neuroblastoma is a childhood malignancy originating from the sympathetic nervous system with a complex biology, prone to metastasize and relapse. High-risk, metastatic cases are explained in part by amplification or mutation of oncogenes, such as MYCN and ALK, and loss of tumor suppressor genes in chromosome band 1p. However, it is fundamental to identify other pathways responsible for the large portion of neuroblastomas with no obvious molecular alterations.
Psychosis, Possibly Induced by Mecamylamine
Authors: Quentin B. Deming, Marion E. Hodes, Juan G. Edreira, Aida Baltazar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

MECAMYLAMINE∥ is a ganglionic-blocking agent, recommended for the reduction of elevated blood pressure. In contrast to previously available ganglionic-blocking agents, it is well absorbed when taken by mouth. This advantage has led to the hope that it might be easier and safer to use than other ganglionic-blocking agents because of the lessened risk of irregular absorption and accidental overdosage. The compound is receiving wide clinical trial.The present communication calls attention to the possibility that therapeutic dosages of this agent are associated with altered brain function. A case is reported in which a definite relation was shown between the administration . . .
The relationship between red cell distribution width (RDW), markers of systemic inflammation and survival in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer.
Authors: David G. Watt, James Hugh Park, Paul G. Horgan, Donald C. Mcmillan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

589 Background: There is increasing evidence that red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has prognostic value in cardiovascular and autoimmune disease. It may reflect, in part, the systemic inflammatory response (SIR), a recently recognised prognostic factor in cancer. However, no studies have examined this hypothesis and prognostic value in cancer. The aim was to examine the relationship between pre-op RDW, markers of the SIR and survival in patients undergoing curative surgery for colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: Data from consecutive patients (n=408) from a single institution (March 2008 to May 2013) were studied. The relationship between RDW (&gt;14.5%) and markers of the SIR (modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)) and survival (cancer specific, CSS and overall, OS) were analysed using Spearman’s rank correlation and Cox regression analysis respectively. Results: The majority of patients were male (54%), had node negative disease (65%) and did not receive adjuvant therapy (70%). RDW was correlated with mGPS (r s =0.228, p &lt;0.001) but not NLR (r s =0.069, p = 0.331). Median follow up was 31 months with 48 cancer and 29 non-cancer deaths. On univariate survival analysis pre-op mGPS and RDW but not NLR were associated with CSS (mGPS, HR 1.66, CI 1.22-2.27, p = 0.001; RDW, HR 2.24, CI 1.25-4.03, p = 0.007; NLR, HR 1.21, CI 0.57-2.56, p = 0.621) and OS (mGPS, HR 1.50, CI 1.16-1.93, p = 0.002; RDW, HR 2.78, CI 1.73-4.48, p &lt;0.001; NLR, HR 0.96, CI 0.52-1.75, p = 0.890). On multivariate analysis, including TNM stage and other tumour factors, RDW was independently associated with OS (HR 2.19, CI 1.34-3.58, p = 0.002). Conclusions: RDW was significantly associated with markers of the SIR and was, independent of tumour factors, associated with survival in patients with CRC. These results point to the importance of the SIR on red blood cell formation and on outcome.
Balancing Accelerated Approval for Drugs With Accelerated Withdrawal
Authors: Alain Braillon, David B. Menkes
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Unveiling the molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from the Democratic Republic of the Congo using whole genome sequencing
Authors: P. Phaku, M. Lebughe, L. Strauß, G. Peters, M. Herrmann, D. Mumba, A. Mellmann, J.-J. Muyembe-Tamfum, F. Schaumburg
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
Meningitis Due to Iatrogenic Bcg Infection in Two Immunocompromised Children
Authors: Margaret M. Stone, Ann M. Vannier, Susan K. Storch, Carol Peterson, Annette T. Nitta, Yansheng Zhang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

average day at the office, the emergency department, or the hospital.If you have an original unpublished, high-quality color or black-and-white photograph representing such a typical image that you would like considered for publication,
<i>In vitro</i>test to confirm diagnosis of allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions
Authors: J. Klaewsongkram, P. Thantiworasit, N. Suthumchai, P. Rerknimitr, C. Sukasem, P. Tuchinda, L. Chularojanamontri, Y. Srinoulprasert, T. Rerkpattanapipat, K. Chanprapaph, W. Disphanurat, P. Chakkavittumrong, N. Tovanabutra, C. Srisuttiyakorn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Allopurinol is a frequent cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), such as drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). The reactions can potentially be fatal. As drug rechallenge in patients with a history of drug-induced SCARs is contraindicated, in vitro testing may have a diagnostic role as a confirmation test.To study the diagnostic value of interferon (IFN)-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay as a confirmatory test in patients with a history of allopurinol-induced SCARs.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 24 patients with a history of allopurinol-induced SCAR (13 DRESS, 11 SJS/TEN) and 21 control subjects were incubated with allopurinol or oxypurinol in the presence or absence of antiprogrammed death ligand 1 antibody (anti-PD-L1). The numbers of IFN-γ-releasing cells after stimulation in each group were subsequently measured with ELISpot.The numbers of IFN-γ-releasing cells in allopurinol-allergic subjects were significantly higher than in control subjects when stimulating PBMCs with oxypurinol 100 μg mL-1 , especially when adding anti-PD-L1 supplementation. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve results, the optimal discriminatory power of IFN-γ ELISpot in confirming diagnosis of allopurinol-induced SCARs can be obtained using 16 spot-forming cells per 106 PBMCs as a cut-off value upon oxypurinol/anti-PD-L1 stimulation (79·2% sensitivity and 95·2% specificity).The measurement of oxypurinol/anti-PD-L1-inducing IFN-γ-releasing cells yields a high diagnostic value in distinguishing between allopurinol-allergic and control subjects. This technique is beneficial in confirming diagnosis of allopurinol-induced SCARs in patients whose reaction develops while taking multiple drugs.
Case 18-1994
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Barry D. Fuchs, Eugene F. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Presentation of CaseA 37-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of chronic interstitial lung disease and a history of spontaneous pneumothorax.The patient had been in good health until 4 1/2 years earlier, when she had chest pain and was found to have a spontaneous left pneumothorax, which resolved without treatment. Subsequent radiographs of the chest showed no evidence of parenchymal lung disease. During the next four years the patient had several episodes of similar chest pain, which resolved spontaneously within a few days.Five months before entry she experienced the abrupt onset of severe, nonpleuritic pain in . . .
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1α) and carbonic anhydrase IX (CA 9) expressions in glioblastoma multiform to predict response to radiation therapy
Authors: J.-M. Simon, K. Mokhtari, C. Genestie, A. Bissery, J.-J. Mazeron, P. Jaillon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

1512 Background: Tumor hypoxia is known to be associated with resistance to radiotherapy. Hypoxia induces the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), allowing up-regulation of the expression of downstream genes such as carbonic anhydrase IX (CA 9). Methods: We examined the expression of HIF-1α and CA 9 by immunohistochemistry in glioblastoma multiform (GBM) biopsies, and investigated their relationship with response to radiation therapy. The response to irradiation was assessed by comparing contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images obtained before and six weeks after the completion of radiotherapy. Assessment of odds ratio were based on the logistic regression model with stepwise adjustment. The multivariate model included HIF-1α and CA 9 coded on a semi quantitative scale according to the positive tumor cell percentage (0 = no expression; + = 1–10%; ++ = 11–50%; +++ = 51–100%), and age. Results: Fifty six consecutive patients with inoperable glioblastoma treated with radiotherapy (59.4 Gy in 1.8 Gy/fraction) at the Pitie-Salpetriere hospital between 1995 and 2002, were included in this study (median age: 56 years, range, 30 to 67 years). HIF-1α was expressed in 33 of 56 (59%), and CA 9 in 38 of 52 (73%) of glioblastomas. Tumor HIF-1α expression correlated significantly with that of CA 9 (Kappa = 0.23, p = 0.003). The response rate to radiotherapy for the entire population was 29%. The expressions of HIF-1α and CA 9 were correlated inversely with the rate of response to radiotherapy (univariate analysis: HIF-1α +: odds ratio 0.21, 95% CI [0.06, 0.71], p = 0.012; CA 9 +: odds ratio 0.15, 95% CI [0.04, 0.59], p = 0.0063). The multivariate analysis showed that HIF-1α + (odds ratio 0.13, 95% CI [0.03, 0.65], p = 0.013), CA 9 +++ (odds ratio 0.21, 95% CI [0.04, 0.98], p = 0.047) and age (odds ratio 0.91, 95% CI [0.82, 0.99], p = 0.046) were independent predictors of response to radiotherapy. Conclusions: Glioblastomas with a hypoxic profile (expression of HIF-1α and/or CA 9) were associated with a significantly worse response to radiotherapy, independently of known prognostic factors. Grant from Regional PHRC: AOR 03059, Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Evaluation of Quantified Social Perception Circuit Activity as a Neurobiological Marker of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Malin Björnsdotter, Nancy Wang, Kevin Pelphrey, Martha D. Kaiser
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is marked by social disability and is associated with dysfunction in brain circuits supporting social cue perception. The degree to which neural functioning reflects individual-level behavioral phenotype is unclear, slowing the search for functional neuroimaging biomarkers of ASD. <h3>Objective</h3> To examine whether quantified neural function in social perception circuits may serve as an individual-level marker of ASD in children and adolescents. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> The cohort study was conducted at the Yale Child Study Center and involved children and adolescents diagnosed as having ASD and typically developing participants. Participants included a discovery cohort and a larger replication cohort. Individual-level social perception circuit functioning was assessed as functional magnetic resonance imaging brain responses to point-light displays of coherent vs scrambled human motion. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Outcome measures included performance of quantified brain responses in affected male and female participants in terms of area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity, and correlations between brain responses and social behavior. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 39 participants in the discovery cohort aged 4 to 17 years, 22 had ASD and 30 were boys. Of the 75 participants in the replication cohort aged 7 to 20 years, 37 had ASD and 52 were boys. A relative reduction in social perception circuit responses was identified in discovery cohort boys with ASD at an AUC of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.52-0.89;<i>P</i> = .01); however, typically developing girls and girls with ASD could not be distinguished (<i>P</i> = .54). The results were confirmed in the replication cohort, where brain responses were identified in boys with ASD at an AUC of 0.79 (95% CI, 0.64-0.91;<i>P</i> &lt; .001) and failed to distinguish affected and unaffected girls (<i>P</i> = .82). Across both cohorts, boys were identified at an AUC of 0.77 (95% CI, 0.64-0.86) with corresponding sensitivity and specificity of 76% each. Additionally, brain responses were associated with social behavior in boys but not in girls. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Quantified social perception circuit activity is a promising individual-level candidate neural marker of the male ASD behavioral phenotype. Our findings highlight the need to better understand effects of sex on social perception processing in relation to ASD phenotype manifestations.
3p and 10q deletions detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH): A potential new tool for early detection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: S. Yendamuri, A. A. Vaporciyan, T. Zaidi, R. Fernandez, D. C. Rice, M. Spitz, S. Swisher, G. L. Walsh, J. A. Roth, R. L. Katz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7606 Objectives: To study the feasibility of detecting chromosomal deletions at the 3p and 10q regions in bronchoscopic brush biopsies and touch preparations by FISH and to study their distribution in different areas of the airway in patients with NSCLC. Methods: Bronchoscopic brush biopsies from the mainstem bronchus on the normal side contralateral to the tumor (NBB) and normal mainstem bronchus on the tumor side (TBB) were obtained from 120 patients who underwent surgical resection. Touch preparations from the tumor (TTP) and normal lung parenchyma from the involved lung (NTP) and from bronchi adjacent to the tumor (TAB) were also obtained. Two FISH assays using probes complementary to 3p22.1 and 10q22.3 were used for evaluation of chromosomal deletions at each site. The ratios of the percentage of deletions detected at different anatomical sites were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Correlations between deletions at TTP and other sites were estimated with a Spearman coefficient. Results: Contralateral normal bronchial tissue (NBB) showed a relatively low deletion rate of 3p and 10q compared to TTP (p&lt;0.0001). FISH on brush biopsies at TBB showed a significantly higher rate of deletions compared to NBB (p&lt;0.05) for both 3p and 10q. A significantly higher deletion rate was seen at TTP compared to NTP at both the 3p (p&lt;0.0001) and 10 q regions (p&lt;0.0001). Significant correlations were seen between the rate of deletions between TTP and TBB at 3p (ρ=0.61, p&lt;0.0001) and between TTP and TAB at 10q (ρ=0.64, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: Chromosomal deletions of the 3p and 10q regions can be reliably detected by FISH in bronchoscopic biopsies and touch preparations. As one progresses from the contralateral normal bronchus to the bronchus on the side of tumor and the tumor itself, the percentage of chromosomal deletions increases in a statistically significant fashion,supporting an etiological role of these changes. Deletions at the bronchoscopically normal main and adjacent bronchus on the side of the tumor correlate with an increased deletion rate in the tumor itself. This suggests that FISH analysis of bronchoscopic brushes may be useful for identifying patients at high risk for developing NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.