tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Observation on the Pathogenesis of Laryngeal Granuloma Due to Endotracheal Anesthesia
Authors: Richard Thomas Barton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE first case of laryngeal granuloma due to endotracheal anesthesia was described in 1932 by Clausen.1 Since then about 50 cases have been reported in the literature, and undoubtedly many additional ones are unreported. It is the purpose of this paper to report an original observation on the causative factors of this relatively rare complication, and to describe the growth of the lesion in the hope that certain preventive measures will be followed in the future.Materials and MethodsThis study is based on 4 cases of laryngeal granuloma due to endotracheal anesthesia and, in addition, presents a clinical analysis . . .
First Session of the 102nd Congress Ends
Authors: S. Bennett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article First Session of the 102nd Congress Ends Get access Sylvia Bennett Sylvia Bennett Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 4, 19 February 1992, Pages 224–225, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.4.224 Published: 19 February 1992
THU0028 Interstitial Lung Disease in Primary SjÖGren Syndrome: A Gessar Analisys
Authors: S.D. Velez, F. Zazzetti, L.S. Galván, A. Gallacher, M. Mayer, M. Rivero, A. Gomez, K.C. Marina, D. Duartes Noè, B. Busamia, F. Caeiro, L. Encinas, P. Pucci, C. Amitrano, C. Asnal, A. Nitsche, L. Santiago, N. Tamborenea, G. Salvatierra, S. Papasidero, M. Gauna, M. Oliver, L. Raiti, A. Secco, H.A. Laborde, O. Rilla, A. Catalán Pellet, J.C. Barreira
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Interstitial lung disease (ILD) in primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS) includes Non Specific Interstitial Pneumonia (NSIP), Usual Interstitial Pneumonia (UIP), Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) and Organized Pneumonia (OP), all related to poor outcome. The existing frequency of ILD is unknown in Argentina. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the frequency of ILD in pSS using the Argentinean Group of Study for Sjögren Syndrome (GESSAR) database and to identify the associated features of the disease. <h3>Methods</h3> GESSAR database included 374 patients who fulfilled the 2002 criteria for pSS. The diagnosis of ILD was based on High Resolution Chest Computed Tomography (CT) according to the American-European Consensus for ILD. A control/case analysis was performed including patients with (cases) and without ILD (controls) with a 4:1 ratio. Mann-Whitney was employed for numeric variables and chi square or fisher9s test for categorical variables. A p&lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 374 patients analyzed, 95% were women. Mean age at inclusion was 55,67 (range 25-83) and 51,07 (range 21-80) at diagnosis. The frequency of ILD was 6,41% (24/374). Mean age at inclusion was 61,91 (range 51-72) and 52.2 at diagnosis (range 34-69). NSIP was found in 75%, followed by UIP in 20,2% and OP in 4,8%. Ground glass opacities: 87,5%, honeycombing: 20% (2 patients had both). FEV1 and FVC were below predicted values in 58,3% and 54,1% respectively. DLCO was done in 66,6%, with a mean value of 64,6% and 80,2% when DLCO was corrected with VA. Patients with ILD more frequently showed sialoadenitis (28%), purpura (16,6%), Raynaud9s (20,8%), non-erosive arthritis (41%), polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (41%), hypocomplementemia (29%), leucopenia (28%), cryoglobulinemia (4,1%), PBC (4,5%), anti-Ro/SSA (80%), urticarial vasculitis (4,7%) and glomerulonephritis (9,52%). After case/control comparison, only glomerulonephritis reached statistical significance (p=0.042). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although the frequency of ILD was characteristically low in our cohort, NSIP was the most frequent. A significant correlation was found between those patients with ILD and glomerulonephritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2619
Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis with a Humanized Antibody to the α<sub>4</sub>β<sub>7</sub>Integrin
Authors: Brian G. Feagan, Gordon R. Greenberg, Gary Wild, Richard N. Fedorak, Pierre Paré, John W.D. McDonald, Rejean Dubé, Albert Cohen, A. Hillary Steinhart, Steven Landau, Rasha A. Aguzzi, Irving H. Fox, Margaret K. Vandervoort
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Selective blockade of interactions between leukocytes and vascular endothelium in the gut is a promising strategy for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of MLN02, a humanized antibody to the alpha4beta7 integrin, in patients with active ulcerative colitis. We randomly assigned 181 patients to receive 0.5 mg of MLN02 per kilogram of body weight, 2.0 mg per kilogram, or an identical-appearing placebo intravenously on day 1 and day 29. Eligible patients also received concomitant mesalamine or no other treatment for colitis. Ulcerative colitis clinical scores and sigmoidoscopic assessments were evaluated six weeks after randomization.Clinical remission rates at week 6 were 33 percent, 32 percent, and 14 percent for the group receiving 0.5 mg of MLN02 per kilogram, the group receiving 2.0 mg per kilogram, and the placebo group, respectively (P=0.03). The corresponding proportions of patients who improved by at least 3 points on the ulcerative colitis clinical score were 66 percent, 53 percent, and 33 percent (P=0.002). Twenty-eight percent of patients receiving 0.5 mg per kilogram and 12 percent of those receiving 2.0 mg per kilogram had endoscopically evident remission, as compared with 8 percent of those receiving placebo (P=0.007). For the minority of patients in whom an MLN02 antibody titer greater than 1:125 developed, incomplete saturation of the alpha4beta7 receptor on circulating lymphocytes was observed and no benefit of treatment was identifiable.In this short-term study, MLN02 was more effective than placebo for the induction of clinical and endoscopic remission in patients with active ulcerative colitis.
Abstract 709: The fully human IGF-1 receptor antibody, CP-751,871, targets putative colon cancer stem cell populations
Authors: Lori S. Hart, David T. Dicker, Adda Grimberg, James Christensen, Wafik S. El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has the potential to provide answers to questions of tumor pathogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. We have previously shown that insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) enriches putative colon CSC populations, an important finding with the potential to explain the association of colon cancer risk and chemoresistance with the levels of circulating IGF-1 and obesity. Here, we have employed three established methods (side population (SP) analysis, aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDH+), and CD133 expression) to analyze a panel of 8 human colon cancer cell lines for putative cancer stem cell properties. We have found enrichment of SP and/or ALDH+ populations across the panel of 8 colon cancer cell lines, as well as many lines originating from other tissues. The enrichment of SP cells by IGF-1 is independent of altered ABC transporter activity as measured by mitoxantrone efflux. Enrichment of CSCs by IGF-1 does not appear to depend on the activity of MAP kinases (based on inhibition with PD098059 and U0126); therefore, we are currently exploring dependence on alternative IGF signaling pathways downstream of Akt, including NF-κB and mTOR. While we continue our efforts to unravel the mechanism by which IGF-1 enriches CSCs we are also interested in the more immediate clinical implications of our findings. CP-751,871 is a fully human antibody with specificity to the IGF-1 receptor and is currently being tested in clinical trials for a variety of solid malignancies. We have found that CP-751,871 reduces both SP and ALDH+ CSC populations in multiple colon cancer cell lines in vitro, and has promising activity against these populations in pilot experiments in vivo. We are currently repeating these studies to yield conclusions supported by statistics. Interestingly, CP-751,871 blocks IGF-1 enrichment of the side population in DLD1 cells, but not in SW480 cells suggesting a potential role of alternative receptors, such as the insulin receptor in some cell lines, a possibility we are currently analyzing. These studies have the potential to affect clinical oncology treatment strategies as the role of CSCs in tumor growth is delineated. Our results suggest that CP-751,871 has preferential activity against putative CSC populations, and therefore, may benefit current standard chemotherapeutic regimens that target cycling cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 709.
SAT0386 The structural basis of MRI bone erosions- an assessment by micro computed tomography
Authors: A. Albrecht, S. Finzel, J. Rech, M. Englbrecht, G. Schett
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Micro-CT (μCT) allows to directly measure the volume of individual erosions and thus exactly defines the extent of structural damage. Based on our experience with high resolution μCT scanning we were interested to validate the nature of MRI bone erosions. (1) <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether erosions appearing in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) represent true erosions. <h3>Methods</h3> 50 RA patients received 1,5 Tesla MRI as well as micro computed tomography (μCT) of the dominant hand. Erosion counts were assessed coronal T1 weighted MRI sections and coronal as well as transversal μCT sections of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints II-IV. Extent of erosions was assessed by RAMRIS erosion score (MRI) and by 3-dimensional assessment of erosion volume (μCT). (2) <h3>Results</h3> 111 erosions were found in the MRI and 137 in the μCT. 32 false negative lesions (μCT positive, MRI negative) were found, all of which were very small lesions with a volume of less than 10mm<sup>3</sup>. Only 6 results were false positive (μCT negative, MRI positive). RAMRIS erosion scores were strongly correlated to erosion volumes in the μCT (Pearson r =0.514, p&lt;0.001) (see Fig. 1 for details). Mean RAMRIS scores were below 1 with erosion volumes up to 1.5 mm<sup>3</sup>, below 2 with erosion volumes up to 20 mm<sup>3</sup> and over 2 with volumes of more than 20 mm<sup>3</sup>. <h3>Conclusions</h3> MRI erosions are generally based on true cortical breaks as shown by μCT. MRI is sensitive to detect bone erosions and only very small lesions escape detection. Moreover, RAMRIS erosion scores are closely linked to the absolute size of bone erosions in the μCT. <h3>References</h3> Stach CM, Bauerle M, Englbrecht M, Kronke G, Engelke K, Manger B, et al. Periarticular bone structure in rheumatoid arthritis patients and healthy individuals assessed by high-resolution computed tomography. Arthritis and rheumatism. 2010;62(2):330-9. Conaghan P, Bird P, Ejbjerg B, O'Connor P, Peterfy C, McQueen F, et al. The EULAR-OMERACT rheumatoid arthritis MRI reference image atlas: the metacarpophalangeal joints. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2005;64 Suppl 1:i11-21. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A3.1 Epigenetic and TLR8-dependent regulation of profibrotic genes expression in monocytes in systemic sclerosis and its implication on fibroblasts trans-differentiation
Authors: M Ciechomska, S O’Reilly, M Merdas, P Zarecki, J Swierkot, E Morgiel, K Bogunia-Kubik, JM van Laar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> To investigate whether epigenetic changes induced by 3’deazaneplanocin - DZNep and TLR signalling pathway can modulate monocytes to produce tissue-inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) via Fra2 (Fos-related antigen 2) activity, a novel downstream mediator promoting fibrogenesis. <h3>Methods</h3> AP-1 and TIMP-1 expression following TLR8 treatment was measured by qRT-PCR in monocytes from Systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients (n = 13) and healthy controls (HC) (n = 13). TIMP-1 promoter activity was measured in U397 monocytic cell line using luciferase reporter assay. The effect of DZNep treatment on inhibition of tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone 3 was analysed by Western Blot. Expression of TIMP-1 and Fra2 was determined in response to DZNep. The functional effect of TLR8 and DZNep-treated HC monocytes was studied on dermal fibroblasts’ trans-differentiation. <h3>Results</h3> Increased Fra2 and TIMP-1 expression was correlated in SSc monocytes (p = 0.021), but not in HC monocytes upon TLR8 stimulation. In contrast, the expression of anti-fibrotic Fra1 was significantly (p = 0.037) reduced in SSc monocytes compared to HC. Inhibiting AP-1 activity reduced TIMP-1 production in TLR8 stimulated HC and SSc monocytes. Also, TLR8 stimulation induced significant (p = 0.015) TIMP-1 promoter activity in monocytic U937 cells. Combination of DZNep plus TLR8 enhanced Fra2 (4.1 times) and TIMP-1 (4.7 times) expression in HC monocytes. However, the reverse effect on Fra2 and TIMP-1 expression was observed in SSc monocytes following stimulation. Finally, DZNep plus TLR8-treated HC monocytes induced strong production of collagen and a-SMA in dermal fibroblasts reflecting their trans-differentiation, which is a key event in the pathogenesis of SSc. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data demonstrate that histone modification induces by DZNep has an opposite effect of Fra2-mediated TIMP-1 production on HC versus SSc monocytes. Therefore, DZNep cloud be used as a selective regulator of downstream mediators, which orchestrates SSc development.
Repositioning of a Dislocated Intraocular Lens during a Roller-Coaster Ride
Authors: Martina M. Bosch, Klara Landau, Michael A. Thiel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: Implantation of an intraocular lens is the standard technique for visual rehabilitation in cataract surgery. We report the case of a patient with spontaneous relocation of a dislocated intraocular lens during a roller-coaster ride. An eight-year-old boy underwent implantation of a posterior-chamber intraocular lens and a peripheral iridectomy for traumatic cataract. The pseudophakic eye reached a visual acuity of 20/20. At 19 years of age, after having been struck in the right eye, the patient noticed an irregularly shaped pupil. Visual acuity decreased to 20/25. Slit-lamp examination revealed a dislocation of his posterior-chamber intraocular lens into the . . .
AB0310 Predictive factors for the response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: Results from a french university hospital
Authors: M. Couderc, S. Mathieu, M. Soubrier
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Positivity for rheumatoid factor (RF), anti–cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP) and high gamma globulin levels are predictive of better response to rituximab forrheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. Magnusson et al. showed a better response to RTX in patients with positive initial EBV load [2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the influence of several factors (FR, Anti-CCP, serum gamma globulin level, EBV load) on response to RTX. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients treated by RTX for active RA in the rheumatology department of the university hospital of Clermont-Ferrand (France) between April 2006 and May 2011 were prospectively included. RF, anti-CCP, gamma globulin level and EBV load were measured before the first RTX cycle. Clinical response were analysed 6 months after RTX according to the criteria the European league against rheumatism (EULAR). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with response to RTX at 6 months. <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-four patients (51 women (79.7%), mean age =61.2 years) were included. Mean disease duration was 16.4 years and 46 patients (71.8%) had already received one or more anti-TNF treatments. At 6 months, 46 patients (71.8%) had moderate-to-good response to RTX. Thirty-seven patients, of whom 6 were positive, had EBV-load measure before RTX. After 6 months, all were negative. Positivity for RF (odds ratio 0,53 [95% confidence interval O,1-2,8]), or positive initial EBV load (odds ratio 0,2 [95% confidence interval 0,03 – 1,3])were not associated with good-to-moderate response. Positivity for anti-CCP was associated with good-to-moderate response (odds ration 4,3 [95% confidence interval 1,2 – 15,7]). High level of gammaglobulin (&gt;12g/L) was correlated with non-response to RTX (odds ratio 0,05 [95% confidence interval 0,03-0,66]). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In contrast with precedent studies, high level of gamma globulins was predictive of worth response to RTX and only anti-CCP antibodies were correlated to a better response. <h3>References</h3> Sellam J, Hendel-Chavez H, Rouanet S, Abbed K, et al. B cell activation biomarkers as predictive factors for the response to rituximab in rheumatoid arthritis: a six-month, national, multicenter, open-label study. Arthritis Rheum. 2011;63:933-8. Magnusson M, Brisslert, Zendjanchi K, Lindh M, Bokarewa MI. Epstein-Barr virus in bone marrow of rheumatoid arthritis patients predicts response to rituximab treatment. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010;49:1911-9. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0181 Bone Loss in RA- Why Both Cytokines and ACPA Matter
Authors: G. Schett
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Rheumatoid arthritis leads to rapid degradation of bone, which translates to bone erosion, premature osteoporosis and increased fracture risk in children, adolescents and adults affected by inflammatory diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of how inflammation impairs bone mass and quality are of seminal importance to prevent the negative consequences of diseases such as arthritis and periodontitis on the bone. In light of the fact that glucocorticoids, despite effectively blunting inflammation, have profound negative consequences on the bone, knowledge on the pathways linking inflammation with bone loss are extremely important for choosing the best anti-rheumatic treatment strategy. Cytokines with well- established function in human inflammatory diseases, such as TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL-6 distort the balance between bone formation and bone resorption in favor of the latter one. Importantly, all these three principle pro-inflammatory cytokine facilitate the differentiation of bone resorbing osteoclasts from monocyte precursors, thereby inducing enhanced bone resorption. In addition to fostering bone resorption, inhibition of bone formation is a key effect of TNFalpha, which induces the expression of proteins such as Dkk-1 and sclerostin, which are amongst the most potent inhibitors of bone formation in our body. Re-balancing of distorted bone homeostasis is thus of seminal importance for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in both children and adults. Aside inflammatory cytokines, also autoimmunity per se may influence bone balance. For instance, antibodies against citrullinated proteins directly induce the generation of bone resorting osteoclasts and induce bone loss. Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by autoantibodies against citrullinated proteins (ACPA) recognizing proteins, which have been posttranslationally modified by peptidylarginine deiminases (PAD) that convert arginine to citrulline. ACPA is one of the strongest risk factors for bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and is also associated with periodontitis. It is particularly interesting that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterial species of seminal importance for periodontitis contains PAD enzymes and leads to citrullination of proteins. Thus neutralization of inflammatory cytokines may represent only one strategy to inhibit inflammatory bone loss, whereas targeting autoimmunity may be an even better intervention strategy to disrupt the deleterious interaction between inflammation and bone. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6257
Reply to Mavrogenis and Coumaros
Authors: T. Itoi, I. Yasuda
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

We greatly appreciate the comments of Georgios and Dimitri in their letter [1] regarding our recent article on endoscopic hemostasis using covered metallic stent placement for uncontrolled post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding [2]. We were also very interested to read their report of a case of uncontrolled post-endoscopic sphincterotomy bleeding even when a self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) was being used.
The View from Afar: Satellite-Derived Estimates of Global PM <sub>2.5</sub>
Authors: Lindsey Konkel
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Satellite-Derived Estimates of Global PM 2.5More than 3 million people died prematurely in 2010 due to ambient exposure to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), according to estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study. 1 Although air pollution measurements taken from ground-level monitors can help inform such estimates, a paucity of monitoring stations outside of North America and Western Europe make it difficult to compare levels and trends in PM 2.5 and their health effects around the world. 2 Fortunately, satellite data provide a way of filling in data gaps for areas with no ground-based monitoring.In this issue of EHP, a team of researchers report their satellite-derived estimates of global exposure trends to PM 2.5 over 15 years. 3 "We found notable trends of increasing PM 2.5 in South and East Asia, where billions of people live.Meanwhile, parts of North America are getting cleaner," says study author Randall Martin, an atmospheric scientist at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova
Prevalence and Clinical Correlates of Coronary Artery Disease among New Dialysis Patients in the United States
Authors: AUSTIN G. STACK, WENDY E. BLOEMBERGEN
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Abstract. Despite the high prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), few studies have identified clinical correlates using national data. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and clinical associations of CAD in a national random sample of new ESRD in the United States in 1996/1997 ( n = 4025). Data on demographic characteristics and comorbidities were obtained from the Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Study, Wave 2. The principal outcome was CAD, defined as the presence of a previous history of CAD, myocardial infarction, or angina, coronary artery bypass surgery, coronary angioplasty, or abnormal coronary angiographic findings. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship of conventional factors and proposed uremic factors to the presence of CAD. CAD was present in 38% of patients. Of the total cohort, 17% had a history of myocardial infarction and 23% had angina. Several conventional risk factors, including advancing age, male gender, diabetes mellitus, and smoking, were significantly associated with CAD. Of the proposed uremic factors, lower serum albumin levels but higher residual renal function and higher hematocrit values were significantly associated with the presence of CAD. Vascular comorbid conditions, structural cardiac abnormalities, white race, and geographic location were also strongly correlated with the presence of CAD. This national study suggests that several conventional CAD risk factors may also be risk factors for CAD among the ESRD population. This study identifies nonconventional factors such as serum albumin levels, vascular comorbid conditions, and structural cardiac abnormalities as important disease correlates. Future logitudinal studies are required to explore the relative importance of the relationships observed here.