tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0286 Extra- and Intracranial Cerebral Vasculitis in Giant Cell Arteritis: an Observational Study
Authors: D. Larivier, K. Sacre, I. Klein, F. Hyafil, L. Choudat, M.-P. Chauveheid, T. Papo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most frequent vasculitis in patients aged over 50 years old in Europe and North America. Stroke may occur in patients with GCA. In most cases, stroke is related to vasculitis of extracranial cerebral arteries causing vertebral or internal carotid arteries stenosis. However cerebrovascular accidents are rare in the setting of GCA and specific involvement of cranial arteries may be difficult to distinguish from non-specific atherosclerotic lesions in the elderly <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study was to highlight the clinical spectrum and long-term follow-up of GCA-specific stroke. <h3>Methods</h3> Medical charts of all patients followed in a French department of internal medicine for GCA between January 2008 and January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with cerebrovascular accidents at GCA diagnosis were included. Diagnosis of GCA was based on American College of Rheumatology criteria. Transient ischemic attacks and stroke resulting from an atherosclerotic or cardioembolic mechanism were excluded. Clinical features, GCA-diagnosis workup, brain imaging, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study, treatment, and follow-up data were analysed. <h3>Results</h3> From January 2008 to January 2014, 97 patients have been followed for GCA. Among them, 8 biopsy-proven GCA patients (mean age 70±7.8 years, M/F Sex ratio 3/1) had stroke at GCA diagnosis. Six patients reported headache and visual impairment. Brain MR angiography showed involvement of vertebral and/or basilar arteries in all cases with multiple or unique ischemic lesions in the infratentorial region of the brain in all but one case. Intracranial cerebral arteries involvement was observed in 4 cases including 2 cases with cerebral angiitis. Long lasting lesions on diffusion-weight brain MRI sequences were observed in 1 case. All patients received steroids for a mean of 28.1±12.8 months. Side effects associated with long-term steroid therapy occurred in six patients. Relapses occurred in 4 patients and required immunosuppressive drugs in 3 cases. After a mean follow-up duration of 36.4±16.4 months, all but one patient achieved complete remission without major sequelae. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The conjunction of headache with vertebral and basilar arteries involvement in elderly is highly suggestive of stroke associated with GCA. Intracranial cerebral arteries involvement with cerebral angiitis associated with long lasting brain lesions on diffusion-weight brain MRI sequences may occur in GCA. Both frequent relapses and steroid-induced side effects argue for the use of immunosuppressive agents combined with steroids as first-line therapy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Presence and persistence of depressive symptoms in patient and community populations
Authors: T J Craig, P A Van Natta
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors used a questionnaire to assess presence and persistence of 16 depression-associated symptoms in two inpatient groups and a random community sample. Nondepressed inpatients were more likely than the community population to experience psychological symptoms of depression, but persistence of the symptoms was the same for both groups. In contrast, significantly more depressed patients than community respondents indicated presence for all but 2 symptoms and persistence for all but 1. Thus persistence of symptoms may be more specific to depression than mere presence.
Effect of Adrenalectomy and Ovariectomy on Mammary Carcinogenesis in Strain C3H Mice
Authors: Shimkin, Michael B., Wyman, Rose S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1945)

Journal Article Effect of Adrenalectomy and Ovariectomy on Mammary Carcinogenesis in Strain C3H Mice Get access Michael B. Shimkin, Michael B. Shimkin surgeon National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rose S. Wyman Rose S. Wyman laboratory technician National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 6, Issue 3, December 1945, Pages 187–189, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/6.3.187 Published: 01 December 1945
FRI0066 The Clinical and Ultrasonographic Presentation of Seronegative RA is More Severe Compared to Seropositive RA in an Inception Cohort of Dmard-Naïve Patients Classified According to the 2010 ACR/Eular Criteria:
Authors: L.B. Nordberg, S. Lillegraven, E. Lie, A.-B. Aga, I.C. Olsen, T. Uhlig, D. van der Heijde, T.K. Kvien, E.A. Haavardsholm
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The development of the 2010 classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has led to a redefinition of the patient population, including classification of seropositive vs. seronegative patients. Studies have yielded conflicting results on whether seropositive and seronegative RA are different disease entities. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to compare the disease characteristics of seropositive and seronegative DMARD-naïve early RA patients classified according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. <h3>Methods</h3> RA patients who fulfilled the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria were recruited at 11 rheumatology centers between 2010 and 2013. All patients had symptom duration (from first swollen joint) &lt;2 years, and were DMARD naïve with indication for DMARD treatment. Patients were stratified as seropositive (rheumatoid factor (RF)+, anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)+, or both) or seronegative (both RF- and ACPA-) and disease characteristics were compared across the groups using t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test as appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 237 patients were included with mean (SD) age 51.5 (13.7) years, mean (SD) disease duration 7.1 (5.4) months, and 61.6% female gender. 35 patients (14.8%) were seronegative. The seronegative patients were older (mean age 56.9 yrs) than seropositive patients (50.5 yrs, p=0.01), while gender distribution was similar; 43% of the seronegative patients and 69% of the seropositive patients did not fulfill the 1987 ACR criteria for RA. Ultrasonography (US) scores, number of swollen joints, DAS44 and Physician Global were significantly higher in seronegative subjects compared to seropositive. However, Richie articular index and patient reported outcome measures were similar between groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this cohort of DMARD naïve early RA patients classified according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria, we found that the seronegative patients had higher disease activity, assessed both clinically and by US, than seropositive patients. This may in part be due to the strong weighting of RF and ACPA status in the 2010 criteria, requiring seronegative patients to have involvement of many joints, and thus high disease activity, to fulfill the criteria. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> L. Nordberg: None declared, S. Lillegraven: None declared, E. Lie: None declared, A.-B. Aga: None declared, I. Olsen: None declared, T. Uhlig: None declared, D. van der Heijde: None declared, T. Kvien: None declared, E. Haavardsholm Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Pfizer, MSD, Roche, UCB.
TOXICITY OF MERCURIAL DIURETICS
Authors: K K POLIAKOVA
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lymph Node Metastasis from Tall-Cell Thyroid Cancer Negative on 18F-FDG PET/CT and Detected by 18F-Choline PET/CT
Authors: Arnoldo Piccardo, Michela Massollo, Roberto Bandelloni, Anselmo Arlandini, Luca Foppiani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 77-year-old woman underwent thyroidectomy and 131I remnant ablation for tall-cell differentiated cancer (DTC) of the left lobe. Detectable Tg levels (4.1 μg/L) under TSH suppression, with undetectable serum Tg-antibody levels, prompted neck ultrasonography, which revealed a lymph node in the left laterocervical region and in the right retroclavicular region. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed uptake by the left lymph node. 18F-choline PET/CT showed increased uptake by both lymph nodes. Histopathology revealed DTC solid metastasis in the left lymph node and solid and cystic metastasis in the right one. 18F-choline PET/CT can locate virulent DTC recurrence, thereby increasing 18F-FDG PET/CT information.
A family study of generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: R Noyes, C Clarkson, R R Crowe, W R Yates, C M McChesney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The frequency of generalized anxiety disorder was higher among first-degree relatives of probands with generalized anxiety (N = 20) than among the relatives of control subjects (N = 20), but it was not higher among relatives of probands with panic disorder (N = 40) or agoraphobia (N = 40). Also, the frequency of panic disorder was higher among relatives of probands with panic disorder than among control relatives but was not higher among relatives of generalized anxiety probands. Relatives of probands with generalized anxiety who had the same disorder had a mild, stress-related illness. The results confirm the separation between generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder but challenge the distinction between generalized anxiety and adjustment disorders.
Tumor Cell-Surface Organization: Differences Between Two TA3 Sublines2
Authors: Sten Friberg, Janos Molnar, Grace I. Pardoe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

We studied 2 ascites-converted sublines, TA3-Ha and TA3-St, from the murine tumor TA3. Line TA3-St does not grow in allogeneic mouse strains, whereas line TA3-Ha proliferates in all mouse strains. We compared the membrane characteristics of the 2 tumors, using 5 heterophil agglutinins with known carbohydrate specificities. Agglutinins from concanavalin A (Con-A), Phaseolus vulgaris (PHA), Bandeiraea simplicifolia (Bs), Triticum vulgaris (WGA), and Helix pomatia (Hp) were used. TA3-Ha cells were not agglutmated by Con-A, PHA, or Bs, whereas TA3-St cells were. By contrast, Hp agglutinated TA3-Ha but not TA3-St cells. WGA agglutinated both lines. Using 125l-labeled preparations of Con-A or PHA, we found the same number of binding sites for each agglutinin in both lines. A mixture of Con-A + PHA agglutinated living or fixed TA3-Ha cells; we attribute this to Con-A binding sites on PHA, so that lattice formation between the agglutinins can occur and induce agglutination. TA3-Ha cells sensitized with Con-A bound more PHA than untreated cells. The additional PHA could be released by methyl-α-D-mannopyranoside, suggesting that the additional PHA was attached to Con-A molecules which in turn were bound to cell-surface receptors. If PHA was bound directly to cell-surface receptors, it was not released by methyl-α-D-mannopyranoside. The results also show that PHA and Con-A bind to independent cell-surface receptors. Con-A or PHA agglutinated TA3-Ha cells treated with proteases (e.g., trypsin, papain), but not cells treated with neuraminidase. The results suggest differences in carbohydrate-containing macromolecules on the cell surface of the 2 TA3 sublines, some of which are in “crypts” on the surface of the immunoresistant TA3-Ha cells.
An experimental MODEL study to investigate the pathogenesis of oxaliplatin-induced liver injury.
Authors: Stuart M. Robinson, Jelena Mann, Derek M. Manas, Derek A. Mann, Steve A. White
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

184 Background: Oxaliplatin based chemotherapy is widely utilized pre-operatively in patients with colorectal liver metastases. Its use is associated with injury to the liver in the form of sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) the presence of which can have a negative impact on surgical outcomes. The pathogenesis of this condition is poorly understood. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice (n=10 per group) were treated with 5-FU/oxaliplatin/folinic acid chemotherapy (FOLFOX) weekly for 5 weeks or their respective vehicle controls. Animals were culled one week following the final treatment and liver tissue harvested for histological and biochemical analysis. mRNA was extracted from snap frozen liver and subject to genome wide expression analysis the results of which were confirmed using qRT-PCR. To determine the effect of background steatosis on the development of liver injury the experiment was repeated using mice maintained on a high fat diet. To assess the ability of antioxidants to prevent SOS development diet was supplemented with 3% butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Results: H&amp;E stained tissue sections confirmed the presence of SOS in all FOLFOX treated animals. Microarray identified changes in expression of over 604 genes in the liver of animals with FOLFOX induced SOS. In particular there was increased expression of genes implicated in oxidative stress (e.g. Metallothionein 1; 22 fold; p&lt;0.001), cell cycle arrest (e.g. p21; 21 fold; p&lt;0.001) and angiogenesis (VEGF-A; 2 fold; p&lt;0.001). Administration of the antioxidant BHA alongside chemotherapy prevented the development of SOS confirming the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this condition. There was down regulation of a number of genes implicated in fatty acid synthesis (e.g. FASN; 8 fold; p&lt;0.001). In support of this mice maintained on a high fat diet treated with FOLFOX do not develop steatosis unlike those treated with vehicle alone. Conclusions: FOLFOX chemotherapy is specifically associated with SOS and not hepatic steatosis. We have identified some of the molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this condition. Manipulation of these pathways may be of therapeutic potential in preventing the development of chemotherapy-associated liver injury.
Time trend in treatment-related deaths of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) enrolled into phase III trials of systemic treatment.
Authors: Y. Fujiwara, K. Hotta, K. Kiura, N. Ochi, N. Takigawa, I. Oze, E. Ichihara, M. Tabata, M. Tanimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e17520 Background: Despite recent improvements in the supportive care, treatment-related death (TRD) remains a serious problem for lung cancer patients undergoing systemic chemotherapy. However, few studies have assessed formally whether the TRD proportion has changed over the years. Here, we investigated these issues in patients with SCLC through the literature search. Methods: We searched phase III trials addressing the role of systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of SCLC between 1990 and 2010. Time trend was assessed by the linear regression analysis. Data for the calculation of overall incidence of TRDs were available from 97 trials with 208 treatment arms (24,152 patients). Results: Cisplatin-based regimens were the most frequently investigated. Crude TRD proportion in the overall cohort was 2.95%. It seemed to decrease over the recent two decades, despite no statistical difference (a regression coefficient of -0.138; p=0.150), corresponding to a TRD decrease of 0.138% per year. More interestingly, only when limited in patient cohort treated with non-platinum regimen, there was a significant increase in TRD incidence with 0.146%-increase per year (p=0.033), whilst we did neither observe specific increase nor decrease in the incidence among other treatment regimens including cisplatin-based, carboplatin-based or CAV-based regimens (p=0.270, 0.390 and 0.570, respectively). The most common cause for deaths was febrile neutropenia (1.25%) and there was no significant change in its incidence over the years (p = 0.702). The pattern of its time trend was different among the regimens; non-platinum regimens were associated with a significant increase in its death over the years with 0.155%-increase per year (p=0.037), while no yearly change in the time trend was observed in other treatment regimens. Conclusions: The overall TRD proportion was low and has decreased gradually, but not still negligible in phase III trials for SCLC. Physicians should be aware of its trend and try best to reduce the risk of fatal toxicity.
Depression in thyrotoxicosis
Authors: J W Taylor
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The author describes the case of a middle-aged man who was admitted twice to a psychiatric hospital with depression. On the second admission, his mental state improved following treatment for thyrotoxicosis. The author emphasizes the importance of recognizing such atypical presentations of thyrotoxicosis and postulates a possible depression-producing mechanism in predisposed individuals.
PWE-309 Intravenous lidocaine infusions for abdominal surgery
Authors: T Craven, T Anderson, A Balfour, H Paterson, K Fearon, I Foo, D Speake
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The Western General Hospital in Edinburgh currently performs several hundred major abdominal surgeries per year. We have adopted perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusions (PILI) as a routine analgesic adjunct for its ease of use and safety profile and have experienced improved analgesic requirements and return of gut function. Lidocaine is a sodium channel blocking amide local anaesthetic but also has secondary analgesic effects and anti-inflammatory effects. For these reasons peri-operative intravenous lidocaine infusions have been investigated for their potential to improve outcomes for patients undergoing major surgery. A recent meta-analysis of 1,754 patients found benefit from the use of PILI especially for patients undergoing abdominal surgery.<sup>1</sup>We report the introduction of PILI according to a local protocol. The primary objective was to compare our safety data with that expected from the meta-analysis. Our secondary objective was to compare return of bowel function data to that reported by the Early Recovery after Surgery (ERAS) database, which collected data for all patients undergoing major colonic surgery independently of our audit. <h3>Method</h3> The trust scientific officer waived the requirement for ethical approval as this was considered a change in clinical practice. A local protocol for the administration of PILI was suggested to local clinicians based on the available evidence. Training was delivered to recovery and high dependency unit staff who would be caring for patients receiving PILI. Data were collected prospectively using a standard anonymised paper pro forma. <h3>Results</h3> Over a period of 24 months data on 127 uses of PILI were collected prospectively, which included 73 patients undergoing colonic resection. Lidocaine infusion was stopped early on nine (7%) occasions; three (2.4%) due to tracking up the vein and three (2.4%) patients reported parasthesiae. Three (2.4%) stoppages were for reasons later deemed to be unrelated. No other adverse events or reactions were reported. Data were available for the assessment of bowel function in 53 patients and patients in the PILI cohort who underwent colonic resection experienced a more rapid return of bowel function (return of flatus, mean days (SD): 2.84 (1.2) v 3.55 (1.7), p &lt; 0.0001; return of bowel opening: 4.17 (2.0) v 4.81 (2.3), p = 0.014). <h3>Conclusion</h3> PILI is a safe and easily administered peri-operative adjunct which may promote return of gut function after colorectal resection. A multicentre RCT is suggested; powered to address gut function, length of stay, opiate use and perioperative dysrhythmia following colonic resection. The forthcoming Delphi Games may be an opportunity to address this since perioperative ileus is an identified objective. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Vigneault L, <i>et al</i>. Can. J. Anaesth. 2011;58:22–37
Surveillance of listeriosis in Navarre, Spain, 1995-2005 – epidemiological patterns and characterisation of clinical and food isolates
Authors: V Garrido, L Torroba, I García-Jalón, A I Vitas
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

We monitored the incidence of human listeriosis in Navarre, a region in north of Spain between 1995 and 2005, and carried out the characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes isolates obtained from clinical samples and ready-to-eat products (sliced cooked meat, smoked salmon and liver pate). The active surveillance requesting hospitals to notify all listeriosis cases (n=40) yielded higher incidence rates (average annual rate 0.65/100,000 inhabitants, range 0.18-1.18/100,000 inhabitants) than expected. Pregnant women were the largest group affected (n=13, 32.5% of the cases), with a peak in incidence during the last three years of the study period. From the 40 human cases we obtained 33 Listeria isolates. Serological and molecular characterisation by PFGE identified 20 different pulsotypes, which on three occasions enabled us to link sporadic cases into clusters. Although we could not identify the incriminated food product we found two clinical pulsotypes among smoked salmon and cooked meat isolates. Surveillance of listeriosis in Spain should be improved and coordinated with other European Union Member States in order to better estimate the burden of disease and to prevent foodborne outbreaks.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Total ExsanguinationA 30-year-old woman (gravida III, para 2) bled to death less than five hours post partum.Eight years earlier, her first pregnancy had ended normally at term. A low forceps delivery caused a laceration of 2.5 cm to the right side of the cervix and one of 5 cm to the left side of the vaginal vault; although these lacerations were immediately repaired, they contributed to an estimated blood loss of 450 ml. The patients's second pregnancy had terminated normally after four hours of virtually painless labor, five years before her third pregnancy. The patient also had osteogenesis . . .