tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Aspirin on Development of ARDS in At-Risk Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department
Authors: Daryl J. Kor, Rickey E. Carter, Pauline K. Park, Emir Festic, Valerie M. Banner-Goodspeed, Richard Hinds, Daniel Talmor, Ognjen Gajic, Lorraine B. Ware, Michelle Ng Gong
Journal: JAMA (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains largely supportive. Whether early intervention can prevent development of ARDS remains unclear. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the efficacy and safety of early aspirin administration for the prevention of ARDS. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial conducted at 16 US academic hospitals. Between January 2, 2012, and November 17, 2014, 7673 patients at risk for ARDS (Lung Injury Prediction Score ≥4) in the emergency department were screened and 400 were randomized. Ten patients were excluded, leaving 390 in the final modified intention-to-treat analysis cohort. <h3>Interventions</h3> Administration of aspirin, 325-mg loading dose followed by 81 mg/d (n = 195) or placebo (n = 195) within 24 hours of emergency department presentation and continued to hospital day 7, discharge, or death. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was the development of ARDS by study day 7. Secondary measures included ventilator-free days, hospital and intensive care unit length of stay, 28-day and 1-year survival, and change in serum biomarkers associated with ARDS. A final α level of .0737 (α = .10 overall) was required for statistical significance of the primary outcome. <h3>Results</h3> Among 390 analyzed patients (median age, 57 years; 187 [48%] women), the median (IQR) hospital length of stay was 6 3-10) days. Administration of aspirin, compared with placebo, did not significantly reduce the incidence of ARDS at 7 days (10.3% vs 8.7%, respectively; odds ratio, 1.24 [92.6% CI, 0.67 to 2.31],<i>P</i> = .53). No significant differences were seen in secondary outcomes: ventilator-free to day 28, mean (SD), 24.9 (7.4) days vs 25.2 (7.0) days (mean [90% CI] difference, −0.26 [−1.46 to 0.94] days;<i>P</i> = .72); ICU length of stay, mean (SD), 5.2 (7.0) days vs 5.4 (7.0) days (mean [90% CI] difference, −0.16 [−1.75 to 1.43] days;<i>P</i> = .87); hospital length of stay, mean (SD), 8.8 (10.3) days vs 9.0 (9.9) days (mean [90% CI] difference, −0.27 [−1.96 to 1.42] days;<i>P</i> = .79); or 28-day survival, 90% vs 90% (hazard ratio [90% CI], 1.03 [0.60 to 1.79];<i>P</i> = .92) or 1-year survival, 73% vs 75% (hazard ratio [90% CI], 1.06 [0.75 to 1.50];<i>P</i> = .79). Bleeding-related adverse events were infrequent in both groups (aspirin vs placebo, 5.6% vs 2.6%; odds ratio [90% CI], 2.27 [0.92 to 5.61];<i>P</i> = .13). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Among at-risk patients presenting to the ED, the use of aspirin compared with placebo did not reduce the risk of ARDS at 7 days. The findings of this phase 2b trial do not support continuation to a larger phase 3 trial. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01504867
Report to the Council The Amino Acid Requirements of Infants
Authors: L. Emmett Holt
Journal: JAMA (1961)

For more than a decade our group at New York University has been studying specific amino acid requirements of the infant. When we started this work, our philosophy about nutritional requirements was somewhat different from what it is today and the task of obtaining significant information appeared far simpler. Nutrient requirements were thought of as fixed guide posts. All one had to do was to evaluate them and assay the food; then one would know just how much food was needed to meet nutrient requirements. In intervening years, much has been learned about interrelationships between amino acids and vitamins and between the amino acids themselves. The term amino acid imbalance has entered our vocabulary. We have learned how the concentration of one amino acid may affect the requirement of another by sparing or by competition in biological processes. We also have begun to think of optimal nutrition as not just
Intermediate-Sized Filaments in Cultured Rat Liver Tumor Cells With Mallory Body-Like Cytoplasm Abnormalities234
Authors: Ellen Borenfreund, Paul J. Higgins, Elizabeth Peterson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The endoskeletal structure of tumor cells with a characteristic cytoplasmic abnormality initiated in rat liver by the in vivo adminisration of the carcinogen diethylnitrosamine was studied in clonal cell lines established and propagated in vitro. The bulk of the cytoplasmic and plasma membrane protein was removed by extraction with Triton X-100, and subsequently the juxtanuclear detergent-insoluble fraction containing filaments of 100-150 A was released into citrate buffer at pH 2.8. Analysis of this fraction by sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the pressence of five major proteins that banded with apparent molecular weights of about 66, 57, 52, 48 , and 43 x 10(3), the last of which comigrated with actin. The proteins thus resembled those from intermediate-sized filaments of both the vimentin (57 x 10(3)) and the prekeratin types obtained from various vertebrate cells. They also appeared to be related to the polypeptides of intermediate-sized filaments from Mallory bodies induced by griseofulvin in the livers of mice and to some of the polypeptides seen in isolates of Mallory bodies from human alcoholics. These results indicated that a major component of the carcinogen-induced lesion consisted of intermediate-sized filaments. The possible significance in cell transformation of this stably maintained aggregate of filaments that binds concanavalin A and displaces the nucleus is discussed. The close resemblance of this lesion to that seen in the cells of cirrhotic livers of alcoholics (Mallory's alcoholic hyalin) raises a question regarding the possible oncogenic status of such cells in humans.
Internal Mammary Node Radiation in Light of the EORTC 22922 and MA.20 Trials—What Have We Really Learned?
Authors: Vivek Verma, Sushil Beriwal
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Severe eosinophilic asthma treated with mepolizumab stratified by baseline eosinophil thresholds: a secondary analysis of the DREAM and MENSA studies
Authors: Hector G Ortega, Steven W Yancey, Bhabita Mayer, Necdet B Gunsoy, Oliver N Keene, Eugene R Bleecker, Christopher E Brightling, Ian D Pavord
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2016)
Randomized clinical trial of a new dexamethasone delivery system (surodex) for treatment of post-cataract surgery inflammation11The authors have no financial interest in this or competing products or in Surodex or Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Authors: Donald T.H Tan, Soon-Phaik Chee, Li Lim, Arthur S.M Lim
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Hemodynamic Responses to Energy Drink Consumption—Reply
Authors: Anna Svatikova, Naima Covassin, Kiran R. Somers
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
T-Cell Expansions With Conserved T-Cell Receptor β Chain Motifs in the Peripheral Blood of HLA-DRB1*0401 Positive Patients With Necrotizing Vasculitis
Authors: Johan Grunewald, Eva Halapi, Jan Wahlström, Ricardo Giscombe, Soniya Nityanand, Carani Sanjeevi, Ann-Kari Lefvert
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 17169: Carotid Plaque Improves Discrimination and Reclassification of Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Models
Authors: Allison Meisner, Michael J Pencina, Ralph B D'Agostino, Philip A Wolf, Joseph J Polak
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Ultrasound measured maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is a measure of plaque. Its impact on performance of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction models as measured by improvement in discrimination and net reclassification is unknown. Materials and methods: Standard CVD risk factors and maximum ICA IMT > 1.5 mm (plaque) were measured in 2946 members of the Framingham offspring cohort. CVD outcomes were evaluated for an average follow-up of 7.2 years. Two multivariate Cox-proportional hazards models were generated: one with standard risk factors and the other with standard risk factors plus plaque. Change in c-statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI) of non-incident/incident cases with 3 and 4 risk categories were evaluated. Risk thresholds were 6% and 20% in the case of 3 categories and 5%, 10% and 20% in the case of 4 categories. Results: On follow-up, 297 CVD events occurred. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.915 (95% CI: 1.485, 2....
Resistance training for people with Parkinson's disease (PEDro synthesis)
Authors: Aimie Laura Peek, Matthew L Stevens
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

This section features a synthesis of a recent systematic review that is indexed on PEDro, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (http://www.pedro.org.au). PEDro is a free, web-based database of evidence relevant to physiotherapy.

▸  Chung CL , Thilarajahm S, Tan D. Effectiveness of resistance training on muscle strength and physical function in people with Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Rehabil 2016; 30 :11–23.

Parkinson's disease (PD) presents as a progressive neurological disorder characterised by a number of motor and non-motor features.1 Muscle strength and power are reduced in people with PD compared with age-matched individuals.2 Resistance training is beneficial in the general older population3 but has not been rigorously investigated in people with PD.

To identify the effects of resistance training on physical function and balance in people with PD.

An electronic database search of Cochrane, CINAHL, MEDLINE ISI, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of …
Study's conclusion is unwarranted
Authors: M. Bernadt, R. Hammill
Journal: BMJ (1995)

problem of efficacy has to be incorporated into the discussion on antidepressants and suicide.5That debate arose from a Swedish study analogous to that of Jick and colleagues, in which a large proportion of the patients committing suicide had not taken antidepressants.2Interestingly, in that study mianserin and moclobemide were associated with a high rate of suicide relative to their overall consumption.Several clinical reports suggest that moclobemide is less effective than tricyclic anti- depressants.
Targeted Treatment of FLT3 -Overexpressing Acute Myeloid Leukemia with MiR-150 Nanoparticles Guided By Conjugated FLT3 Ligand Peptides
Authors: Xi Jiang, Jason Bugno, Chao Hu, Yang Yang, Tobias Herold, Jun Qi, Ping Chen, Sandeep Gurbuxani, Stephen Arnovitz, Bryan Ulrich, Hengyou Weng, Yungui Wang, Hao Huang, Shenglai Li, Jennifer Strong, Mary Beth Neilly, Richard A. Larson, Michelle M. Le Beau, Stefan K. Bohlander, Jie Jin, Zejuan Li, James E. Bradner, Seungpyo Hong, Jianjun Chen
Journal: Blood (2015)
A “hotspot” for autoimmune T cells in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Brian D. Stadinski, Reinhard Obst, Eric S. Huseby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

The ability of a single T cell antigen receptor (TCR) to cross-react with multiple antigens allows the finite number of T cells within an organism to respond to the compendium of pathogen challenges faced during a lifetime. Effective immune surveillance, however, comes at a price. TCR cross-reactivity can allow molecular mimics to spuriously activate autoimmune T cells; it also underlies T cell rejection of organ transplants and drives graft-versus-host disease. In this issue of the JCI, Cole and colleagues provide insight into how an insulin-reactive T cell cross-reacts with pathogen-derived antigens by focusing on a limited portion of the peptides to provide a hotspot for binding. These findings dovetail with recent studies of alloreactive and autoimmune TCRs and suggest that the biochemical principles that govern conventional protein-protein interactions may allow the specificity and cross-reactivity profiles of T cells to be predicted.
Erratum to: ‘Hedgehog signaling: modulation of cancer properties and tumor microenvironment’
Authors: Ann Hanna, Lalita A. Shevde
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2016)

Unfortunately, the original version of this article [1] contained errors. The words “properties” and microenvironment” have been spelt incorrectly in the title. The title should read as follows:

Hedgehog signaling: modulation of cancer properties and tumor microenvironment
Investigation of Racial Disparities in Early Supportive Medication Use and End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Stage IV Breast Cancer
Authors: Devon K. Check, Cleo A. Samuel, Donald L. Rosenstein, Stacie B. Dusetzina
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Early supportive care may improve quality of life and end-of-life care among patients with cancer. We assessed racial disparities in early use of medications for common cancer symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia) and whether these potential disparities modify end-of-life care.
Overall Survival According to Patient Subgroups: Results from a Pooled Analysis of 5 Observational or Phase Iv Studies of Bevacizumab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: A. Grothey, D. Arnold, E. Van Cutsem, T. Bekaii-Saab, M. Kozloff, J. Bennouna, C. Revil, M. Donica, N. Sommer, B. Leutgeb, M. Ekstrand-Olsen, F. Hermann, H. Hurwitz
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
The Promise of Leisure-Time Physical Activity to Reduce Risk of Cancer Development
Authors: Lauren E. McCullough, Kathleen M. McClain, Marilie D. Gammon
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Cellular Microcultures: Programming Mechanical and Physicochemical Properties of 3D Hydrogel Cellular Microcultures via Direct Ink Writing (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 9/2016)
Authors: Joselle M. McCracken, Adina Badea, Mikhail E. Kandel, A. Sydney Gladman, David J. Wetzel, Gabriel Popescu, Jennifer A. Lewis, Ralph G. Nuzzo
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

R. Nuzzo and co-workers show on page 1025 how compositional differences in hydrogels are used to tune their cellular compliance by controlling their polymer mesh properties and subsequent uptake of the protein poly-l-lysine (green spheres in circled inset). The cover image shows pyramid micro-scaffolds prepared using direct ink writing (DIW) that differentially direct fibroblast and preosteoblast growth in 3D, depending on cell motility and surface treatment.
Doubling Cap on Patients Physicians Can Treat With Buprenorphine
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 262: Teaching Laypersons BLS and AED Using a Two-stage Teaching Technique is Non-inferior to Four-stage Teaching Technique: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Katrine Bjørnshave, Lise Q Krogh, Svend B Hansen, Mette A Kristensen, Troels Thim, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Laypersons performing bystander basic life support (BLS) and using automated external defibrillation (AED) increase survival from cardiac arrest. Laypersons often hesitate to perform BLS and use an AED due to self-perceived lack of knowledge and skills. Training may reduce the barrier to intervene. Reducing training costs can allow more laypersons to be trained at the same expense. Reducing the classic four-stage technique to a two-stage technique can shorten course duration and thereby reduce costs. Hypothesis: Teaching laypersons BLS and AED, a two-stage teaching technique is non-inferior to the classic four-stage teaching technique. Methods: Laypersons (exclusion: health care professionals/students) were randomized to courses using either the two-stage (3 hours and 15 minutes) or the four-stage (4 hours) teaching technique. Immediately after training, the laypersons were tested in a simulated cardiac arrest scenario to assess their BLS and AED skills. Tests were video recorded and reviewed by two independent observers blinded to training technique. Skills were assessed using the European Resuscitation Council BLS/AED assessment form. Chest compression and rescue breathing quality data were collected electronically from the manikin. The primary endpoint was passing the test. A non-inferiority margin of 20% was pre-specified. Result: The two-stage teaching technique was non-inferior to the four-stage technique (difference -1.6%; 95%CI -17.9%; 14.6%). Pass rates were 57% among laypersons trained with the two-stage technique (n=72) and 59% among those trained with the four-stage technique (n=70). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding number of chest compressions delivered per compression cycle (30.0±0.6 vs 30.0±0.7), chest compression rate (114±12 vs 115±14 minute -1 ), chest compression depth (47.2±9.3 vs 47.6±8.8 mm), number of effective rescue breaths between compression cycles (1.7±0.5 vs 1.6±0.7) and tidal volume (0.5±0.3 vs 0.5±0.3 L). In both groups, all participants felt that their training improved their skills. Conclusion: Teaching laypersons BLS and AED using a two-stage teaching technique is non-inferior to the classic four-stage teaching technique.
High recurrence of device‐related adverse events following transvenous lead extraction procedure in patients with cardiac resynchronization devices
Authors: François Regoli, Maria Grazia Bongiorni, Roberto Rordorf, Matteo Santamaria, Caterine Klersy, Luca Segreti, Valentina De Regibus, Tiziano Moccetti, Giulio Conte, Maria Luce Caputo, Angelo Auricchio
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2016)