tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase I trial of chemotherapy combination with docetaxel, cisplatin and S-1 (TPS) in patients with locally advanced or recurrent/ metastatic head and neck cancer (HNC)
Authors: M. Tahara, K. Araki, N. Kiyota, S. Takeuchi, N. Fuse, K. Minashi, H. Minami, A. Ohtsu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6064 Background: An oral fluoropyrimidine, S-1, has shown high efficacy against head and neck cancer (HNC) with a response rate of 34% and preclinical data has demonstrated a possible synergy with platinums and taxanes. The aim of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a combination therapy with TPS in patients (pts) with locally advanced or recurrent/ metastatic HNC. Methods: The eligibility criteria were: histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck with recurrent/metastatic and locally advanced lesions, PS 0–1, age =75 years, adequate organ function, and no prior chemotherapy. Chemotherapy consisted of 1-hour infusion of docetaxel at escalating doses of 50 and 60 mg/m 2 , 2-hour infusions of cisplatin at 70 mg/m 2 /day on day 1 and S-1 twice daily on days 1–14 at escalating doses of 40, 60, and 80 mg/m 2 /day. The treatment was repeated every 4-weeks. Results: Twenty two pts were enrolled. These were 17 males and 5 females with a median age of 50 years (22–74). There were 11 locally advanced and 11 metastatic cases. Median of 3 cycles were administrated (range 1–6; total 77 cycles). Anorexia, nausea, neutropenia and anemia were the most frequently observed adverse events. Grade 3 or 4 hematological toxicities were neutropenia (59%), febrile neutropenia (0%), anemia (14%) and thrombocytopenia (0%). Although a total of 12 pts were treated with TPS at doses of 60/70/80 mg/m 2 /day, one-dose limiting toxicity (grade3 infection) was observed at these doses, but MTD was not reached. As the approved dose of S-1 is 80 mg/m 2 , further dose escalation was not conducted. In a total of 22 pts treated with the TPS, 3 (1 locally advanced, 2 metastatic cases) achieved complete response and 11 (7 locally advanced, 4 metastatic cases) achieved partial response according to RECIST with an overall response rate of 64%. Conclusions: The TPS combination was well tolerated in pts with locally advanced or recurrent/ metastatic HNC. Although MTD was not reached and the data were preliminary, the antitumor activity was very promising, and this warrants further investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A study of second primary cancers in head and neck cancer cases in south India.
Authors: R. Singh, P. Hazarika, D. R. Nayak, R. Balakrishnan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e16031 Background: Second primary (SP) in head and neck cancers accounts for 4-7% of cases. This reflects the possible role of same etiology for SP. Methods: Objectives: To determine the possible etiology in Indians; study the tumor site and chronology; study prognosis with respect to disease control and 3 yr survival. Study design: Retrospective study. Study period :1997 to 2007. Total cases: 32. Follow up: minimum 6 months or until death. ClassifySP: synchronous (Syn) or metachronous (Meta) (Warren and Gates). Diagnosis based on panendoscopy, histopathology. Treatment (Rx): In Syn Primary Simultaneous CTRT (chemoradiation); index tumors in meta: Combined modality. Nonsimultaneous Syn or Meta SP: surgery ±RT (radiotherapy) or CTRT or supportive therapy. Meta SP:Surgery ±CT (chemotherapy). Follow up protocol: Every 2 mths for 1st yr,3 mthly for 2nd yr,4 mthly for 3rd yr, and 6 mthly for life. Results: Incidence of SP 3.34%. Males 72%. Age 43-80 yrs. (mean 61). Follow up : 6 mths to 9 yrs (mean 22 months). Etiology: tobacco and alcohol in 64% of cases, only tobacco in 26%, only alcohol in 4%, and rest unknown. Types SP: Syn 12 (5 simultaneous lesions) and Meta 20. Table shows tumor sites. HPE of index and SP: all squamous cell carcinomas (Ca) except 3 cases; 2 papillary ca. and 1 anaplastic ca. of thyroid. Common Meta Chronology: HP and E in 31% ; OC and HP in 23% and L&B in 18% cases. Stage of primary tumor was mainly stage III and Meta was stage II. Rx : We had 5 cases of simultaneous Syn SP tumors: 3 cases refused treatment and 2 CTRT. Nonsimultaneous SP (7 ) and Meta SP (20) underwent surgery in 6 cases, surgery + RT in 7, CTRT in 12 and supportive therapy in 2 cases. Prognosis of SynSP is poor. Only 2 cases survived > 2 yrs rest died < 1 yr. In 20 cases of Meta SP, <1yr survival for 2 cases, 1-3 yrs for 5 cases, and 13 cases survived >3 yrs. Conclusions: S P cancers is diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma to the oncologist. In India tobacco and alcohol are the common etiology. Esophagus is a common SP site. Regular follow-up is mandatory for Meta SP. Though the prognosis is poor; early detection and treatment can lead to a better quality of life. Tumor sites Index tumor site (%) S P site (%) Larynx (L) 25 9 Oral cavity (OC) 22 16 Hypopharynx (HP) 19 16 Oropharynx 13 13 Thyroid 9 0 Esophagus (E) 6 25 Bronchus (B) 6 9 Miscellaneous 0 12 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Brush Cytology in the Diagnosis of Herpetic Esophagitis
Authors: M R Cardillo, F Forte
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

We present a case of herpetic esophagitis in a patient with acute renal failure. Herpes virus infection was detected in one of 386 gastroesophageal brush cytologies performed. Al-though the endoscopic appearance suggested candidiasis, and a biopsy specimen was interpreted as peptic esophagitis, brush cytology identified viral particles that were confirmed by serologic tests and cultures. A common cause of esophageal ulceration in immunosuppressed patients, herpetic esophagitis is occasionally reported in otherwise healthy immunocompetent persons. For its timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, this article advocates systematic brush cytology during gastro-esophageal endoscopy.
Glomerulonephritis
Authors: John P. Merrill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Prognosis and Natural HistoryNowhere is the difficulty in assessing the natural history of glomerulonephritis better exemplified than in the symposium of the New York Heart Association that took place in 1970.98 On this occasion two astute and competent observers of post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis disagreed almost totally about whether it would ever progress to chronic disease. Furthermore, one of them suggested that focal nephritis had a poor prognosis and frequently led to chronic disease, a view not held by most of the authors cited in previous sections of this review. In general, however, there is agreement that when post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis does . . .
<i>EGFR</i> Mutations and <i>ALK</i> Rearrangements Are Associated with Low Response Rates to PD-1 Pathway Blockade in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Justin F. Gainor, Alice T. Shaw, Lecia V. Sequist, Xiujun Fu, Christopher G. Azzoli, Zofia Piotrowska, Tiffany G. Huynh, Ling Zhao, Linnea Fulton, Katherine R. Schultz, Emily Howe, Anna F. Farago, Ryan J. Sullivan, James R. Stone, Subba Digumarthy, Teresa Moran, Aaron N. Hata, Yukako Yagi, Beow Y. Yeap, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Mari Mino-Kenudson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

PD-1 inhibitors are established agents in the management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, only a subset of patients derives clinical benefit. To determine the activity of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors within clinically relevant molecular subgroups, we retrospectively evaluated response patterns among EGFR-mutant, anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive, and EGFR wild-type/ALK-negative patients.We identified 58 patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Objective response rates (ORR) were assessed using RECIST v1.1. PD-L1 expression and CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were evaluated by IHC.Objective responses were observed in 1 of 28 (3.6%) EGFR-mutant or ALK-positive patients versus 7 of 30 (23.3%) EGFR wild-type and ALK-negative/unknown patients (P = 0.053). The ORR among never- or light- (≤10 pack years) smokers was 4.2% versus 20.6% among heavy smokers (P = 0.123). In an independent cohort of advanced EGFR-mutant (N = 68) and ALK-positive (N = 27) patients, PD-L1 expression was observed in 24%/16%/11% and 63%/47%/26% of pre-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) biopsies using cutoffs of ≥1%, ≥5%, and ≥50% tumor cell staining, respectively. Among EGFR-mutant patients with paired, pre- and post-TKI-resistant biopsies (N = 57), PD-L1 expression levels changed after resistance in 16 (28%) patients. Concurrent PD-L1 expression (≥5%) and high levels of CD8(+) TILs (grade ≥2) were observed in only 1 pretreatment (2.1%) and 5 resistant (11.6%) EGFR-mutant specimens and was not observed in any ALK-positive, pre- or post-TKI specimens.NSCLCs harboring EGFR mutations or ALK rearrangements are associated with low ORRs to PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors. Low rates of concurrent PD-L1 expression and CD8(+) TILs within the tumor microenvironment may underlie these clinical observations. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4585-93. ©2016 AACRSee related commentary by Gettinger and Politi, p. 4539.
A comparison of nonpatient and bipolar patient-well spouse couples
Authors: E Frank, S D Targum, E S Gershon, C Anderson, B D Stewart, Y Davenport, K L Ketchum, D J Kupfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors compared responses of 16 couples, in which one partner had a diagnosis of remitted bipolar illness, to a lengthy self-report questionnaire (KDS-15) designed to assess many aspects of marital adjustment with those of 16 matched nonpatient couples. The bipolar patient-well spouse couples had marital adjustments closely resembling those of the nonpatient couples; three of four global ratings of satisfaction failed to discriminate between the two groups. Perceptions of the courtship, first year of marriage, and the degree to which the marriage had met expectations were also similar for both groups.
Translocations and amplification of the BCL2 gene are detected in interphase nuclei of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by in situ hybridization with yeast artificial chromosome clones
Authors: M Taniwaki, GA Sliverman, K Nishida, S Horiike, S Misawa, C Shimazaki, I Miura, M Nagai, M Abe, S Fukuhara
Journal: Blood (1995)
Psychiatric inpatient care in the VA: before, during, and after DRG- based budgeting
Authors: R Rosenheck, L Massari
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The authors examined the impact of budgeting based on diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) on inpatient psychiatric care in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) medical centers. DRG-based budgeting was implemented by the VA in 1984 and suspended in 1988.Computerized discharge abstracts were obtained for all episodes of VA inpatient care occurring from 1980 through 1989. The number of discharges per year, number of unduplicated patients treated, mean length of stay, total number of bed days of care per unique patient per year, readmission rates, and number of episodes of care per operational bed were determined for psychiatric and nonpsychiatric (medical-surgical) hospitalizations occurring before, during, and after DRG-based budgeting was in effect.In the case of VA psychiatric care, DRG-based budgeting was associated with more episodes of care, shorter lengths of stay, higher readmission rates, and more episodes of care per occupied bed. DRG-based budgeting had similar effects on medical-surgical care, although an increase in the number of episodes of care was not observed. During the first year after this funding mechanism was suspended, changes in both psychiatric and medical-surgical care that were related to DRG-based budgeting were slowed and, in some cases, reversed.Both psychiatric and medical-surgical inpatient care in the VA were sensitive to changes in funding mechanisms. These changes were generally similar to those observed in psychiatric care provided by non-VA hospitals reimbursed under Medicare's DRG-based prospective payment system.
Hybridization-based aptamer labeling using complementary oligonucleotide platform for PET and optical imaging
Authors: Jun Young Park, Tae Sup Lee, In Ho Song, Ye Lim Cho, Ju Ri Chae, Mijin Yun, Hyungu Kang, Jung Hwan Lee, Jong Hoon Lim, Won Gil Cho, Won Jun Kang
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
OXFORD CONTRIBUTORY HOSPITAL SCHEME
Authors: W. Collier
Journal: BMJ (1923)

93-IVZlL in the calves of the legs.Admitted to Belvidere Hospital on the same day; on observation there the patient's illness felfinto'stages, the first marked by a period of delirium, restlessness (child getting out of bed), with lethargy, mental confusion, and choreiform movements, first of the left side of the body,-then of both sides ; during this time the temperature was rising to 101-1020 F. This period lasted for about six days from its onset.The next stage was one of constant drowsiness, lessening of choreiform move- ments, absence of excitement, and dazed facies, lasting about a week, during which the temperature, at first sustained, began to remit.This was followed by a period during which the child showed morning brightness and evening drowsiness, and absence of choreiform movements; the temperature was intermittent, with evening rises to 100-101°F.This lasted for about ten days, after which the temperature became normal and the child apparently well.
Accuracy of Coronary CT Angiography Using a Submillisievert Fraction of Radiation Exposure
Authors: Julia Stehli, Tobias A. Fuchs, Sacha Bull, Olivier F. Clerc, Mathias Possner, Ronny R. Buechel, Oliver Gaemperli, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Computed Tomography of the Body
Authors: Jack Wittenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

COMPUTED tomography (CT) of the body (excluding the head and neck) has become a well-established, important, and sometimes crucial noninvasive imaging examination. Once regarded as a paradigm of high-cost technology of unproved value,1 CT has evolved as a versatile and widely accepted medical resource. Now disseminated throughout larger health-care facilities in the Western world, CT has challenged the medical community to make wise and economical use of a valuable but expensive resource. This article will review the present status of CT technology and advances in clinical applications of body CT that have occurred since an initial review in the Journal . . .
Case 48-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Joseph D. Zibrak, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 38-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a cough, fever, and a right paratracheal mass.The patient was reportedly well until four or five weeks earlier, when she began to have an intermittent dry cough, with malaise, diffuse myalgia, headache, anorexia, crampy abdominal pain, vomiting, and constipation. Five days before admission a sore throat developed, with prominent odynophagia. One day before admission she was too weak and dizzy to go to her place of employment. She was admitted to the hospital.The patient was a native of Haiti who had immigrated to the United . . .
Deficit in NHS provider sector triples in a year to £2.45bn
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Providers of NHS services have amassed a £2.45bn (€3.2bn; $3.6bn) deficit in the past year, and although the scale of deficit is not as bad as feared, it has still almost tripled from the previous year (£834m).

Health policy experts have described the figures as unprecedented and said that the figure meant that the NHS’s overall deficit was about three times as high as the previous year’s, despite additional funding for the NHS and major efforts to boost efficiencies.

The figures, published on 20 May,1 show that for 2015-16 around two thirds (65%), or 157 of 240 NHS provider organisations, reported a deficit, most of which were acute care trusts. As well as …
Bariatric Surgery in Obese Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: John P. Kirwan, Ali Aminian, Sangeeta R. Kashyap, Bartolome Burguera, Stacy A. Brethauer, Philip R. Schauer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE There is a paucity of data on the impact of bariatric surgery in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The aim of this review was to quantify the overall effects of bariatric surgery in obese patients with T1D. METHODS We searched PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar from their inception to December 2015 to identify all relevant studies of bariatric surgery in adult obese patients with T1D. RESULTS The review included 17 studies with 107 individuals, including 10 case series and 7 case reports. Overall, the dominant procedure was gastric bypass (n = 70; 65%). All studies reported a significant reduction in excess weight. A significant reduction in weight-adjusted daily insulin requirements was shown in all case series except one. Pooled mean ± SD of pre- and postoperative glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) for the entire cohort with available data (n = 96) was 8.4 ± 1.3% and 7.9 ± 1.1%, respectively (P = 0.01). In addition to common postoperative complications, profound glycemic changes (diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia) and gastrointestinal dysmotility symptoms (prolonged ileus and acute gastric remnant dilation) have been reported. No surgical mortality was reported. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery leads to significant weight loss in severely obese patients with T1D and results in a significant improvement in insulin requirements and glycemic status. The favorable metabolic effects of bariatric surgery may facilitate medical management of and cardiovascular risk reduction in T1D in the setting of severe obesity. Diabetic ketoacidosis and hypoglycemia are potentially serious complications. Short-term results of bariatric surgery in patients with T1D are encouraging, but larger and longer-term studies are needed.
Self-reports versus sleep laboratory findings in 122 drug-free subjects with complaints of chronic insomnia
Authors: M A Carskadon, W C Dement, M M Mitler, C Guilleminault, V P Zarcone, R Spiegel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors compared the sleep laboratory recordings of 122 drug-free subjects who complained of chronic insomnia with the subjects' estimates of their habitual sleep characteristics and their estimated sleep time on the morning after sleeping in the laboratory. Most subjects consistently underestimated the amount of time they slept and overestimated the amount of time it took them to get to sleep in comparison with laboratory data. All subjects consistently underestimated the number of arousals they experienced. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for the treatment and definition of insomnia and for further research.
Effects of lifestyle intervention on left ventricular regional myocardial function in metabolic syndrome patients from the RESOLVE randomized trial
Authors: Juan Serrano-Ferrer, Edward Crendal, Guillaume Walther, Agnes Vinet, Frédéric Dutheil, Geraldine Naughton, Bruno Lesourd, Robert Chapier, Daniel Courteix, Philippe Obert
Journal: Metabolism (2016)
Comment on Methodology and Interpretation of Results
Authors: L. Tomatis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Comment on Methodology and Interpretation of Results Get access L. Tomatis, M.D. L. Tomatis, M.D. Unit of Chemical Carcinogenesis, International Agency for Research on Cancer 69008 Lyon, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 5, November 1977, Page 1341, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.5.1341 Published: 01 November 1977
Abstract P1-03-08: Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) dependent polarization of breast cancer-promoting macrophages
Authors: M-S Dai, A Janckila, H-C Lo, C-C Wu, T-Y Chao, J-C Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer associated macrophages often promote tumor growth and metastasis by conditioning the tumor microenvironment and suppressing adaptive immune responses. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) is a novel serum biomarker associated with systemic macrophage burden in a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases and is strongly expressed by tumor-associated macrophages. We tested the hypothesis that TRACP is required for M2 macrophage polarization. Methods: Macrophage cell lines were polarized in vitro and tested for TRACP, iNOS and Arg-1 expression and their ability to promote or repress breast cancer cell growth and invasion in vitro and in vivo. A novel TRACP deficient, Acp5 mutant mouse was used as a macrophage source and as a breast cancer host to confirm a role for TRACP for macrophages to support cancer growth. Results: TRACP was up-regulated in concert with M2 polarization and down-regulated in M1 polarized cells. TRACP expression correlated with macrophage promotion of tumor growth and invasion in vitro. Although TRACP-deficient macrophages could be induced to express Arg-1 when stimulated with IL-4 plus IL-13 (M2 phenotype), the TRACP deficient macrophages behaved like M1 cells suppressing tumor growth and invasion compared to than WT cells. Tumor xenografts grew slower in primary subcutaneous grafts and metastasized less extensively in intravenous grafts in TRACP deficient mice compared to WT. Furthermore, the tumor metastatic patterns could be reversed in WT animals by co-grafting TRACP-deficient macrophages and in TRACP deficient hosts by co-grafting WT macrophages. Conclusions: TRACP expression is normally a phenotypic marker for alternatively activated macrophages, but not necessary for expression of Arg-1. In a host environment of TRACP deficiency, Arg-1 positive macrophages can be generated by cytokine stimulation in vitro and by tumor in vivo, however, TRACP deficiency still conveyed a tumor suppressive phenotype in cell based studies and in intact animals. TRACP plays a role in functional polarization of M2 macrophages and their ability to promote breast cancer growth and metastasis. Citation Format: Dai M-S, Janckila A, Lo H-C, Wu C-C, Chao T-Y, Yu J-C. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAcP) dependent polarization of breast cancer-promoting macrophages. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-03-08.
Risk groups and uptake of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine in Ireland
Authors: J Mereckiene, J O’Donnell, C Collins, S Cotter, D Igoe, D O’Flanagan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

In Ireland, influenza and pneumococcal vaccines are recommended for adults aged 65 years and over and for those with chronic illness or immunosuppression. Influenza vaccine is recommended for healthcare workers (HCWs) and residents of long stay care facilities. Influenza vaccine uptake is only available for those aged 65 years and over. We conducted a survey to estimate the size of risk groups between 18 and 64 years of age, influenza and pneumococcal vaccine uptake in this group, and to determine possible factors influencing vaccine uptake to improve targeted immunisation programmes. Among respondents aged 18-64 years, 136 of 1,218 (11%) belonged to a health risk group; uptake of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine in these risk groups was 28% (95% CI: 20.9-35.4) and 11% (95% CI: 6.7-17.2) respectively. Uptake among persons aged over 65 years was 69% (95% CI: 62.2-74.4) and 41% (95% CI: 35.0-47.9) for influenza and pneumococcal vaccine, respectively. Influenza vaccine uptake among HCWs was 20% (95% CI: 13.1-28.7). Half (47.6%) of influenza-vaccinated respondents reported that their family doctor had recommended it; 60% of non-vaccinated respondents, for whom influenza vaccine was indicated, saw themselves at low risk of influenza.