tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P199 Molecular Analysis Demonstrates Shared Strains Of Mycobacterium Abscessus Isolates In Cystic Fibrosis Patients Attending A Single Centre
Authors: H. Green, R. Bright-Thomas, P. Barry, N. Woodford, B. Isalska, A. Horsley, D. Kenna, A. Jones
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> The <i>Mycobacterium abscessus</i> complex is an emerging group of pathogens in cystic fibrosis (CF), which may cause cross infection. The aim of this study was to determine whether CF patients infected with M.abscessus attending a single UK adult CF centre harboured unique or shared strains of M. abscessus. <h3>Methods</h3> Isolates were from 12 patients attending a single adult CF centre, who yielded one or more positive sputum cultures for <i>M. abscessus</i> complex during the period January 2010 to August 2013. Isolates were identified to subspecies level using hsp65-rpoB concatenated sequence cluster analysis. Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) analysis was used to compare these isolates and determine whether two or more patients were infected with the same strain. <h3>Results</h3> 11 isolates were identified as <i>M. abscessus susbp. abscessus</i>. VNTR analysis demonstrated 2 clusters of 6 and 2 patients carrying the same strains of <i>M. abscessus susbp. abscessus</i>, both of which have also been isolated from CF patients from other UK hospitals. Isolates from the remaining 3 patients were unique. One additional isolate was identified as M. abscessus subsp.bolletii. No clear epidemiological connexions between patients within each cluster at our centre have been identified to date. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results provide further evidence that some strains of <i>M. abscessus</i> complex may be isolated from multiple CF patients. However, there were no clear epidemiological connexions between patients within clusters at our centre. The same strains have been isolated from patients at different UK CF centres. Further studies are required to determine the mode of acquisition of infection with these strains and whether there is a common environmental source of infection or cross infection between patients.
Rectal Crohn's Disease on Labeled Leukocyte Scintigraphy
Authors: GUY W. LEWIS, ROBERT MANSBERG, ROBERT HOWMAN-GILES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Radionuclide imaging with Tc-99m-labeled leukocytes showed increased uptake in the anal area, best seen with SPECT imaging. This was found to be secondary to rectal involvement in Crohn's disease.
Adverse Effects on Offspring of Maternal Alcohol Abuse during Pregnancy
Authors: Eileen M. Ouellette, Henry L. Rosett, N. Paul Rosman, Lyn Weiner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

To evaluate the risk of offspring of heavy drinking during pregnancy, we administered a questionnaire to 633 women at the first prenatal visit. Nutritional status, smoking, drug and alcohol use were determined. Women were classified into three groups: abstinent and rare drinkers; moderate drinkers; and heavy drinkers. After delivery, detailed pediatric, neurologic and developmental examinations were administered by a physician without prior knowledge of any history. Infants born to heavy drinkers had twice the risk of abnormality of those born to abstinent or moderate drinkers (P less than 0.001). Thirty-two per cent of infants born to heavy drinkers demonstrated congenital anomalies, as compared to 9 per cent in the abstinent and 14 per cent in the moderate group (P less than 0.001). Microcephaly and multiple congenital anomalies were much more frequent in this group (P less than 0.001). Heavy drinking during pregnancy increases the risk to offspring.
LVOT VTI OUTPERFORMS EJECTION FRACTION AND DOPPLER-DERIVED CARDIAC OUTPUT FOR PREDICTING OUTCOMES IN A SELECT ADVANCED HEART FAILURE COHORT
Authors: Christina Tan, Ajay Srivastava, David Rubenson, Michael Smith, Rajeev Mohan, Dan Meyer, Sam Baradarian, J. Heywood
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
FRI0419 The Epidemiology of Biopsy-Proven Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Y. Ren, J. Chang, H. Wang, X. Feng, L. Sun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> We sought to systematically review the epidemiology of biopsy-proven lupus nephritis (BPLN) by conducting a meta-analysis of articles associated with BPLN. <h3>Methods</h3> We systematically searched the PubMed database from January 1982 to June 2013. Studies were selected using predefined eligibility criteria, and data were extracted independently by 2 of the authors, which then were calculated by STATA 12.0 meta-analysis program. <h3>Results</h3> 19 studies that met our criteria for inclusion were elected into the analysis. The mean age of lupus patients was about 30 years at renal biopsy. The proportion of female among patients with BPLN was 86%. BPLN developed in 29% of lupus patients and accounted for 60% of secondary glomerular diseases (SGD) in renal biopsy databases. The prevalence rate of BPLN among lupus patients in Asian Saudi Arabia was significantly higher than the pooled data in European and American countries (43% vs. 26%, <i>p</i>&lt;0.05). Similarly, the pooled rate of BPLN among SGD in renal biopsy databases in Asian and Latin American countries was also significantly higher than that in European Poland (63% vs. 34%, <i>p</i>&lt;0.05). The overall survival rates of BPLN patients were 94%, 86%, 71% at 5, 10, 20 years, respectively. However, before 1995, they were only 84%, 72%, 52%, respectively, significantly lower than those (96%, 89%, 80%) after 1995 (<i>p</i> all &lt;0.05). Class IV nephritis, present in 40% of BPLN patients, was identified as a high risk factor for renal failure that contributed to patients9 poor prognosis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> LN is a common complication of young female lupus patients and is the most prevalent etiology of SGD in renal biopsy databases despite its different prevalence rates in distinct regions. Although the prognosis of BPLN has been greatly improved in the past years, the long-term survival is still unsatisfactory and more attention should be paid for Class IV nephritis due to its high frequecy and extreme risk to induce poor prognosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2197
P124 Do We Need A Practice Incremental Shuttle Walk Test For Patients With Interstitial Lung Disease Referred For Pulmonary Rehabilitation?
Authors: V. Johnson-Warrington, L. Sewell, M. Steiner, M. Morgan, S. Singh
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) are more frequently being referred to Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) where exercise capacity is measured, often by an Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). These patients are frequently limited by severe dyspnoea and exertional desaturation. Available guidelines<sup>1</sup> suggest two ISWTs are needed, however this can be time consuming. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate if a practice ISWT is needed for patients with ILD referred to PR. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with ILD recorded on our PR database, who attended a PR assessment and performed 2 ISWTs,<sup>1</sup> were selected. Patients were included if they had 2 recorded ISWTs using the same oxygen prescription and mobility aid (if any) between tests and provided written consent. Hospital notes were retrieved, diagnosis confirmed and relevant data extracted and validated. <h3>Results</h3> 43 patients (24 male) were included, 18 with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Participants were mean (SD) 72.17(10.54) years, Forced Vital Capacity was 2.28(0.87)l [77.24(25.46)% predicted], Transfer factor for the Lung for Carbon Monoxide 3.60(1.07)ml/mmHg [44.79(12.80)% predicted], median (inter-quartile range) Medical Research Council dyspnoea grade 3.5(3–4) and 29 used oxygen therapy. Participants achieved 165.12(123.89)m on ISWT1 with post-SaO<sub>2</sub> 87.86(5.86)%, heart rate 97.03(14.71), Borg breathlessness 4(3–5) and Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) 13(11.25–15). There was a change of 28.84(31.71)m between the two ISWTs (p &lt; 0.001); 72.1% of patients walked further on their second ISWT. Backward linear regression only explained 42% of this variance (R<sup>2</sup>. 426). For those who did not improve, ISWT1 was ≤210 m. Bland-Altman plot showed good agreement between the ISWTs, however the limits of agreement were wide. There was a significant difference in Endurance Shuttle Walk Test levels when calculated at 85% of VO<sub>2</sub> peak as estimated from ISWT1 and ISWT2 (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> For patients with ILD, we have shown that there are significant differences between the first and second ISWT and therefore a practice ISWT is needed in order to accurately assess exercise capacity, prescribe an exercise programme and ensure services and interventions are correctly evaluated. We were unable to predict those who did not need to complete 2 ISWTs. <h3>Reference</h3> Singh <i>et al</i>. Development of a shuttle walking test of disability in patients with chronic airways obstruction. <i>Thorax</i>.1992;<b>47</b>:1019–1024
18F-DOPA, a Clinically Available PET Tracer to Study Brain Inflammation?
Authors: Quentin Sala, Philippe Metellus, David Taieb, Elsa Kaphan, Dominique Figarella-Branger, Eric Guedj
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

We report 2 cases of suspected low-grade glioma with positive 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine (18F-FDOPA) PET scan, and histological diagnosis of brain inflammation corresponding to an acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and to a neurosarcoidosis. It has been shown that this amino-acid PET radiotracer serves to evaluate tumoral proliferation related to the metabolism of L-amino-acid transporters, and that inflammation may also contribute to the tumoral uptake. This report suggests it may serve to study brain inflammation.
THU0560 Efficiency of Patient Education on Early Stage of Rheumatoid Arthritis:
Authors: E. Orlova, D. Karateev, L. Denisov, A. Kochetkov, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Patient education is an important component of the care for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), giving the possibilities for self-management of the disease [1, 2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> To develop the education program for patients with RA and to evaluate its efficiency on early stage of the disease. <h3>Methods</h3> The group-education program was developed with the support of the Russian National Public Organization of Disabled People NADEZHDA (Hope) and consisted of 4 daily 90-min education lessons. All information was presented by a multidisciplinary team (rheumatologist, cardiologist, psychologist, physiotherapist and occupational therapist). 55 patients with early RA (83,6% females, age of 18 to 62 years, disease duration of 2 to 22 months) were included. 25 study group patients were trained according to the education program, 30 received only drug therapy (control). Tender and swollen joint count, ESR, joint pain on 100-mm VAS, DAS28, HAQ, RAPID3, hand grip strength, the average powers of knee extension and ankle flexion by the EN-TreeM movement analysis were evaluated at baseline and following 3 and 6 months. Adherence to non-drug treatments was assessed by the special patient questionnaire. <h3>Results</h3> After 3 and 6 months in the study group the adherence to joint protection strategies increased by 13,0 and 10,0 times (p&lt;0,01), to regular physical activity – by 4,0 and 3,25 times (p&lt;0,01), the compliance to use functional wrist orthoses – by 2,0 times and 75,0% (p&lt;0,01), knee orthoses – by 33,3% and 50,0% (p&lt;0,05), orthopedic insoles – by 71,4% and 57,1% (p&lt;0,01), respectively. After 6 months, there were statistically significant differences between the 2 groups in changes of most parameters (p&lt;0,05), excluding ESR, DAS28, the grip strength of a more affected hand and the extension power of a weaker knee (p&gt;0,05). 6 months following education program participation, there was significantly more frequently a good response to treatment according to the EULAR criteria (DAS28) (56,3% vs 40,0% in the control group, p&lt;0,05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The education program improves functional status and quality of life, helps to control diseases activity in patients with early RA within 6 months. Patient education enhances adherence to non-drug therapies. The maximum positive result was achieved after 3 months; this effect slightly diminished at 6 months. This necessitates retraining in the following 3–6 months. <h3>References</h3> Riemsma RP, et al. Cochrane Database Sys Rev 2003;2:CD003688. Ellard DR, et al. Musculoskeletal Care 2009;7(1):17–30. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3737
Gastric outlet obstruction following percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
Authors: João Santos-Antunes, Amadeu Nunes, Helder Cardoso, Susana Lopes, Guilherme Macedo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 64-year-old man with Parkinson's disease was being treated with levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel formulation through a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with jejunal extension (PEG-J) tube that had been placed in 2010. In April 2014, he complained of abdominal distension, pain, bloating, food intolerance, and a pulling sensation from the PEG-J tube. At the physical examination, we observed a distended abdomen with a pronounced tympanism in the epigastric region. Externally, the PEG-J was in good condition without any sign of bad positioning despite some tension on the tube.
Abstract 3872: Differentially expressed stem cell markers in breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Aline RM Lobba, Maria Fernanda PAD Forni, Carolina Perozzi, Ana Claúdia O. Carreira, Leticia Labriola, Mari Cleide Sogayar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The recently emerged concept of cancer stem cell (CSC) has led to a new hypothesis about tumor progression. Basically, the CSC theory hypothesizes the presence of a hierarchically organized, relatively rare population of cells, which is responsible for tumor initiation, self-renewal and maintenance, in addition to mutation accumulation and resistance to chemotherapy. CSCs have recently been described in breast cancer. Different markers have been used to isolate breast cancer stem cells; however, none of these proved to be very efficient. Furthermore, the lack of specific markers limits a precise characterization of these cells and their clinical application, especially in the development of therapeutic protocols. In the present work, we set out to search for enriched subpopulations of CSCs. To this end, we investigated the profile of different surface markers in normal and tumoral breast cancer cell lines. We analyzed the expression of cd44, cd31, cd90, cd200, cd14, cd34, cd31, cd105, c-kit, abcg2 and cd29 in MCF10-A, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-435 and Hs578-T cells lines using quantitative RT-PCR. As a result of this effort, we were able to identify two distinct markers presenting differential expression between normal and tumor cells. While one marker was increased in the malignant cells lines, the other one presented higher levels of expression in the normal cell line. Based on this study, we propose a new set of markers, which should allow both isolation and characterization of breast cancer stem cells. Upon informed consent, a number of normal and tumor human breast samples are currently being collected for the final proof of concept. These results contribute not only to a deeper understanding of the Biology of CSCs, but, also, to the development of optimized therapeutical approaches to breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3872. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3872
Amelioration of mitral valve prolapse after treatment for panic disorder
Authors: J D Coplan, L A Papp, D L King, J M Gorman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Twenty panic disorder patients with mitral valve prolapse showed amelioration of prolapse on repeat echocardiogram after treatment for panic disorder. This effect was significant when compared to repeat echocardiograms in eight psychiatrically normal control subjects with mitral valve prolapse.
Use of Transesophageal Echocardiography to Guide Cardioversion in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Allan L. Klein, Richard A. Grimm, R. Daniel Murray, Carolyn Apperson-Hansen, Richard W. Asinger, Ian W. Black, Ravin Davidoff, Raimund Erbel, Jonathan L. Halperin, David A. Orsinelli, Thomas R. Porter, Marcus F. Stoddard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The conventional treatment strategy for patients with atrial fibrillation who are to undergo electrical cardioversion is to prescribe warfarin for anticoagulation for three weeks before cardioversion. It has been proposed that if transesophageal echocardiography reveals no atrial thrombus, cardioversion may be performed safely after only a short period of anticoagulant therapy.
A Randomized Trial of Surgery in the Treatment of Single Metastases to the Brain
Authors: Roy A. Patchell, Phillip A. Tibbs, John W. Walsh, Robert J. Dempsey, Yosh Maruyama, Richard J. Kryscio, William R. Markesbery, John S. Macdonald, Byron Young
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

To assess the efficacy of surgical resection of brain metastases from extracranial primary cancer, we randomly assigned patients with a single brain metastasis to either surgical removal of the brain tumor followed by radiotherapy (surgical group) or needle biopsy and radiotherapy (radiation group). Forty-eight patients (25 in the surgical group and 23 in the radiation group) formed the study group; 6 other patients (11 percent) were excluded from the study because on biopsy their lesions proved to be either second primary tumors or inflammatory or infectious processes.
Endoscopic treatment of delayed colon perforation: the enteroscopy overtube approach
Authors: Yu-Feng Xiao, Jan-Ying Bai, Jin Yu, Xian-Long Lin, Xiao-Yan Zhao, Shi-Ming Yang, Chao-Qiang Fan
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Delayed perforation is a rare complication of therapeutic colonoscopy, and it is severe and sometimes lethal. This paper reports on a new minimally invasive method for the treatment of delayed colonic perforation. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Three patients with delayed colonic perforation underwent the therapy, which involved three steps: (1) closure with endoclips and loop, (2) overtube placement, and (3) antibiotic wash through a nasobiliary tube. <b>Results:</b> The procedure was successful in all three patients and no recurrence was observed during 5 – 41 months of follow-up. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although this study involved only a small number of patients and no control arm, the method involving an overtube appears to be a feasible and effective endoscopic treatment for delayed colonic perforation.
P13.16 * COMPLICATIONS AFTER GAMMA KNIFE RADIOSURGERY FOR BRAIN TUMORS LOCATING ADJACENT THE BRAINSTEM
Authors: S. Kim, S. Lee, J. Oh
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Gamma Knife Radiosurgery (GKRS) is still challenging for the tumors locating adjacent brainstem because of dose limitation to brainstem, and the 12-Gy volume of brainstem has been reported as an important factor for development of radiation-induced complications. We aimed to investigate the incidence and relevant factors of complications after GKRS, while we try to minimize the 12-Gy volume of brainstem. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed clinical, radiological and dosimetry data of 76 patients who underwent GKRS for brain tumors locating adjacent the brainstem. The most common diagnosis was vestibular schwannoma (n = 41), followed by meningioma (n = 21), metastatic brain tumor (n = 13), and ependymoma (n =1). The mean target volume was 3.7 cc (range, 0.211-12.2) at the time of GKRS, and the mean prescription dose was 12.7 Gy (range 8-20). The mean 12-Gy volume was 0.029 cc (range, 0.002-0.2). The location of tumors was intra-axial in 10 (13.2%) and extra-axial in 66 (86.8%). The 12-Gy volume of brainstem was calculated by intersecting the volume within brainstem from the prescription dose. The signal change of brainstem was defined as signal alteration on T2 or T1-weighted MRI after GKRS. RESULTS: The median clinical follow-up duration was 31.5 ± 14.3 months (range, 0.9-63.6). Among 76 lesions, the signal change of brainstem was observed in 7 (9.2%) with a median interval of 5.5 ± 4.08 months (range, 0.5-12) to development. Three tumors showing the signal change of brainstem were symptomatic, however successfully managed with oral steroid administration. Among various factors, only radiation-induced intratumoral necrosis (RIN) was a significant factor for the development of signal change of brainstem (p = 0.027). RIN was observed in 39 (51.3%) tumors with the median onset time of 5.4 ± 0.9 months after GKRS. The actuarial local tumor control rates at 1, 2 and 3 years after GKRS were 93.7%, 77.7% and 52.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our series, the radiation-induced signal change of brainstem was observed in 9.2% after GKRS with an effort to minimize the 12-Gy volume of brainstem and only RIN was a significant relevant factor. Therefore, we suggest that close observation should be required to monitor radiation-induced brainstem injury when RIN is developed in the follow-up imaging after GKRS.
PWE-002 IBS in Nigeria; is there a decline in prevalence?
Authors: C A Onyekwere, A Asiyanbi, J Obi
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> <b>Background</b>: IBS is a common functional gastrointestinal disorder that presents in both primary healthcare as well as gastroenterology clinic. Reports of prevalence of IBS vary depending on diagnostic criteria as well as geographical setting. Data from Nigeria reveal prevalence of between 26% and 33%. <b>Aim</b>: we set out to determine the prevalence of IBS in lagos population which is representative of the Nigeria society. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with recurrent abdominal pain who presented to the general outpatient unit of the three big referral hospitals in lagos between 2010 and 2011 were evaluated for the presence of IBs using the Rome 111 criteria. <h3>Results</h3> 350 subjects were evaluated during the study period of which 65 (36 females) met the Rome 111 criteria giving a prevalence of 18.6%. The IBS subtypes were IBS-C (33), IBS-D (18), and IBS-M (14). Occurrence of IBs was significantly associated with consumption of starchy food (rice, yam, potato, spaghetti, beans) and citrous foods. Majority of the IBs subjects (75%) were positive for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth using the hydrogen breath test. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study has shown a lower prevalence of IBS (18.6%) than the three previous reports from our setting (26%, 30%, 33%). <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Olubuyide IO</b>, Olawiyi F, Fasanmade AA. A study of irritable bowel syndrome diagnosed by Manning Criteria in an African population. <i>Dig Dis Sci</i> 1995;<b>40</b>:983–5. 2. <b>Ladep NG</b>, Obindo TJ, Audu MD, <i>et al.</i> Depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome in Jos, Nigeria. <i>World Gastroenterol</i> 2006;<b>12</b>:7844–7. 3. <b>Okeke EN</b>, Ladep NG, Adah S, <i>et al.</i> Prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome: a community survey in an African population. <i>Ann Afr Med</i> 2009;<b>8</b>:177–80.