tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4123: Cholesterol and breast cancer
Authors: Christiane Danilo, Maria Antonietta Mainieri, Michael P. Lisanti, Philippe G. Frank
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer among women with an incidence rate five times greater in the Western world than elsewhere. Relocation studies have ruled out genetics as the sole factor in this discrepancy, since immigrant populations develop breast cancer at rates similar to indigenous Western populations, thus indicating an environmental effect on breast cancer incidence. Amongst possible environmental factors, diet and obesity have long been considered likely risk factors for cancer development. Despite this probability, a specific role of cholesterol in breast cancer has not yet been specifically examined. Cholesterol is an integral component of the plasma membrane and is the precursor to biomolecules such as steroid hormones and vitamins. Epidemiologic evidence indicates that cancer patients display abnormal levels of the cholesterol carrying lipoproteins, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL), thus suggesting a role for cholesterol in breast cancer. Recent research in our laboratory shows that when fed a high fat, high cholesterol diet, PyMT Tg mice, a model of breast cancer, develop larger, more advanced tumor lesions. These mice also develop a significant increase in HDL-cholesterol levels and an increase in the expression of the HDL-C receptor, SR-BI compared to PyMT Tg mice fed a control chow diet. In the present study, we aim to elucidate the role of SR-BI in breast cancer. To do so we manipulate cellular levels of SR-BI in human breast cancer cell lines. In vitro, we show that ablation of SR-BI in human breast cancer cells leads to a decrease in cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Xenograft mouse models indicate that SR-BI depletion confers protection against tumor growth in vivo with concomitant dysregulation of key mitogenic signaling pathways. These results suggest a role for SR-BI in breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4123. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4123
A probe-based electromagnetic navigation system to integrate computed tomography during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy
Authors: Michael Kranzfelder, Dirk Wilhelm, Manos Doundoulakis, Armin Schneider, Margit Bauer, Silvano Reiser, Alexander Meining, Hubertus Feussner
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

For preoperative work-up, an examination tool that visualizes separately compiled diagnostics in augmented reality would be desirable. We developed a probe-based electromagnetic navigation system, which can be passed through the working channel of an endoscope, to integrate computed tomography (CT) information during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.The target registration error (TRE) of the system was evaluated experimentally and clinically. A total of 24 study patients with upper gastrointestinal cancer were included in the study. The cancerous lesion was endoscopically located (mean duration 8.4 minutes, range 7.1 - 23.2) and the TRE (coronal, transverse, sagittal layer) was measured by comparing the distance between the navigation probe (at the tip of the endoscope) and the target lesion shown on the corresponding CT cross section.Experimental evaluations showed an accuracy in line with the system's inherent failure rate, with a median TRE of 2.8 mm (IQR 1.8 - 4.3), 2.2 mm (0.4 - 3.7), and 2.8 mm (1.1 - 5.9) in the coronal, transverse, and sagittal planes, respectively. Clinical evaluation revealed a median TRE of 4.8 mm (1.9 - 10.1), 3.9 mm (0.7 - 7.1), and 4.2 mm (0.9 - 8.9), respectively. No complications occurred during navigated endoscopy.The probe-based electromagnetic navigation system revealed high accuracy (TRE < 5 mm), facilitating improved interpretation of endoluminal imaging.
Bilateral Foot Drop in Polyarteritis Nodosa
Authors: Fabricio Souza Neves, Katia Lin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A 38-year-old patient presented to the hospital with a 2-month history of fever, malaise, weight loss, and progressive weakness on both sides of his body. Because of weakness in the dorsiflexors of his foot and toe, the patient had a high-stepping gait.
Indicators of Life-Threatening Malaria in African Children
Authors: Kevin Marsh, Dayo Forster, Catherine Waruiru, Isiah Mwangi, Maria Winstanley, Victoria Marsh, Charles Newton, Peter Winstanley, Peter Warn, Norbert Peshu, Geoffrey Pasvol, Robert Snow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

About 90 percent of the deaths from malaria are in African children, but criteria to guide the recognition and management of severe malaria have not been validated in them.
Effect of Added Dietary Calcium on Colonic Epithelial-Cell Proliferation in Subjects at High Risk for Familial Colonic Cancer
Authors: Martin Lipkin, Harold Newmark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We studied the frequency and distribution of proliferating epithelial cells lining colonic crypts in 10 subjects at high risk for familial colonic cancer, before and after oral supplementation of their conventional diets with 1.25 g of calcium as calcium carbonate. Patterns of cell proliferation were defined by dividing the colonic crypt into longitudinal compartments and comparing the numbers and fractions of tritiated thymidine—labeled epithelial cells in the various compartments. Before dietary supplementation with calcium, the profile of proliferating epithelial cells in the colonic crypts was comparable to that previously observed in subjects who had had familial colonic cancer. Two to three months after supplementation had been started, proliferation was significantly reduced and the profile of the colonic crypts approached that previously observed in subjects at low risk for colonic cancer. Our findings indicate that oral calcium supplementation induces a more quiescent equilibrium in epithelial-cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa of subjects at high risk of colon cancer, similar to that observed in subjects at low risk. (N Engl J Med 1985; 313:1381–4.)
Prolonged Survival of Viable, Mitotically Competent Mononuclear Leukocytes in Stored Whole Blood
Authors: Nicholas L. Petrakis, George Politis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Earlier investigations on the survival of leukocytes in whole blood preserved in acid citrate dextrose (ACD) solution at 4°C. and in tissue cultures at 37°C. indicated that granulocytes were rapidly killed, presumably as a result of the toxicity of citrate.1 2 3 4 These conclusions were based on the loss of motility, a decrease in phagocytic ability and a marked decrease in the number of granulocytes. Mononuclear leukocytes had been noted to persist in bank blood for several weeks, but owing to the lack of technics for the assessment of the viability of these cells, it was generally assumed that they rapidly became . . .
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF TECHNETIUM PYROPHOSPHATE UPTAKE INTENSITY BY NUCLEAR SCINTIGRAPHY IN TRANSTHYRETIN AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Michael Neshan Vranian, Brett Sperry, Asad Ikram, Rory Hachamovitch, Mazen Hanna, Wael Jaber
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Severe Bladder Distortion Mimics Bone Metastasis from Pelvic Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: GARY R. CONRAD, PARTHA SINHA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Nuclear Medicine Section, Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky Received for publication February 20, 2002. Accepted April 17, 2002. Reprint requests: Gary R. Conrad, Department of Radiology, HX-311, 800 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0293. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 1116: Epigenetic control of the BRCA1 expression by a metabolic switch
Authors: Lijun Di, Alfonso Fernandez, Kevin Gardner
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Though deletion or loss of BRCA1 function is the major cause of most familial forms of breast cancer, decreased expression of non-mutated BRCA1 alleles is often found in sporadic breast cancer, suggesting that alterations in BRCA1 transcriptional regulation may contribute to non-inherited forms of breast cancer. In this study, we show that BRCA1 expression is controlled by a tightly regulated dynamic balance between the association of transcriptional co-activators and co-repressors that regulate histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility at the BRCA1 bi-directional promoter to enforce unidirectional transcriptional activation in response to estrogen stimulation. A central regulatory step in the control of the BRCA1 promoter is the eviction of the co-repressor and metabolic sensor C-terminal-binding protein1 (CtBP1). Loss of CtBP1 from the BRCA1 promoter induced by estrogen, CtBP1 RNAi depletion or increasing NAD+/NADH ratio results in elevated histone acetylation, HDAC1 dismissal from the BRCA1 promoter and increased BRCA1 transcription. Notably this level of regulation is lost in the absence of physiological chromatin structure at the BRCA1 promoter. These findings indicate that BRCA1 expression is controlled by a metabolic switch that dynamically influences the localized deposition of epigenetic marks and chromatin structure at the BRCA1 promoter and suggests that caloric intake may influence the levels of tumor suppressor function in mammary tissues. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1116.
FRI0190 Safety of certolizumab pegol in rheumatoid arthritis patients with previous hepatitis b virus exposure.
Authors: S. Bello, R. Fanizzi, L. Serafino, L. Albanese, C. Bonali, G. Lapadula
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> TNFα is a key cytokine in the integrated host defence system against infectious diseases, acting on both the innate and the adaptive immune system. Anti-TNF agents may elicit Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) reactivation in patients with positive serology for HBV markers. Few data regarding the safety of these agents in the setting of chronic viral infections are available, and these are mainly based on case reports. According to our knowledge this is the first retrospective analysis on safety of certolizumab pegol in patients with previous HBV exposure. <h3>Methods</h3> Among 35 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with certolizumab pegol in a single center of the southern Italy, we identified 10 patients with previous documented HBV exposure, 2 male and 8 female with average age 55,5 years old; 8/10 resulted RF+, 4/10 RF+ and anti-CCP+. 8 were treated with DMARDs (6 methotrexate 10-15 mg/week, 1 cyclosporine A 150 mg/day, 1 idroxyclorochine 200 mg/day+ salazopyrin 1000mg/day) and 1 with mesalazine 800 mg/day. 9/10 were treated also with corticosteroids at low dosage (prednisone 2,5-12,5 mg/day, mean 5.5). 9 patients were HBsAg- and HBV serology was respective anti-HBs+ (8/9), HBeAg- (9/9), anti-HBe- (6/9), anti-HBc IgM- (9/9), anti-HBc IgG+ (6/9). 1 patient resulted HBsAg+, anti-HBs-, HBeAg-, anti-HBe+, anti-HBc IgM- and anti-HBc IgG+, and was on treatment with entecavir 0,5 mg/day since 3 years. Disease activity, inflammatory markers, transaminase levels, HBV markers and HBV-DNA where periodically monitored according to the local standard of care. <h3>Results</h3> Patients were monitored from 3 to 22 months (overall 110 months, mean 11 months). On this period none of the patients showed variation in HBV markers with stable anti-HBs titre (mean 761 vs 697mlU/ml); only 1 patient showed an increase in GPT (&lt;x3 reference value) that decrease when methotrexate therapy was stopped; concomitant increase in HBV DNA was excluded. Of some patients were available more than one HBV DNA evaluation performed after 12-18 months of therapy (mean 15,3 months) without evidence of HBV replication. Disease activity measures decreased (mean DAS28 5,01 vs 4,02; mean VES: 45,1 vs 28,4; mean PCR: 21,95 vs 12,99 mg/L) during the monitoring period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Into a cohortof patients with rheumatoid arthritis and treated with certolizumab pegol, 28.5% showed a previous contact with HBV. Therapy with certolizumab pegol showed to be safe although performed in combination with DMARDs and steroids and in the observation period HBV reactivation was not recorded in any patient. In one HBV inactive carrier patient the association therapy with certolizumab pegol and entecavir showed safety and efficacy for 12 months. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 3562: Genome-wide analysis of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding sites reveals vitamin D role modulating autophagy and metabolism in luminal-like breast cancer cells.
Authors: Luz E. Tavera, Thomas Westerling, Myles Brown
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), regulates gene expression through the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Even though 1,25D3 is still best known as a regulator of bodily calcium homeostasis, 1,25D3 has a plethora of physiological actions which include immune and nervous system modulation, cellular proliferation and differentiation. Epidemiological and model studies have revealed the cancer-protective properties of 1,25D3 in colon, prostate and notably in breast. We are actively investigating the anti-proliferative properties of 1,25D3 in a panel of human breast cancer cell lines. We found that 1,25D3 induces autophagy in several luminal-like breast cancer cell models, but not in basal-like or mesenchymal-like models. We performed VDR and signaling partner RXR whole-genome ChIP-seq analysis to uncover all of the direct 1,25D3 target genes involved in regulation of metabolism and autophagy. Our studies suggest that energy regulation as an important aspect of 1,25D3 anti-proliferative properties in luminal-like breast cancer cells. Citation Format: Luz E. Tavera, Thomas Westerling, Myles Brown. Genome-wide analysis of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding sites reveals vitamin D role modulating autophagy and metabolism in luminal-like breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3562. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3562
Persistence of Remissions of Thyrotoxicosis after Cessation of Thiouracil Therapy
Authors: Robert H. Williams, Samuel P. Asper, Walter F. Rogers, Jack D. Myers, Charles W. Lloyd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE great effectiveness of thiouracil and related compounds in controlling thyrotoxicosis has been well established. In most cases this type of therapy can be continued for many months or years without the production of ill effects or a state of refractoriness. One cannot be certain, however, that undesirable metabolic abnormalities will not develop after long intervals of therapy. For this reason, as well as others, it is important to determine the optimal treatment necessary to produce remissions that will be sustained after cessation of thiouracil therapy. Only a few results dealing with this subject have been reported.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Approximately a year . . .
Abstract 834: Inhibition of Gli1 results in altered c-jun activation, inhibition of cisplatin-induced up-regulation of ERCC1, XPD, and XRCC1, and inhibition of platinum-DNA adduct repair
Authors: Elaine J. Gavin, Kenji Kudo, Shamik Das, Lauren Amable, Lalita A. Shevde, Eddie Reed
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The transcription of ERCC1 and other nucleotide excision repair genes is strongly influenced by c-jun. C-jun is transcriptionally regulated by Gli proteins of the Hedgehog pathway. We therefore studied the possible relationships between Gli1, c-jun, and the upregulation of ERCC1, XPD, and XRCC1 in cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells. We studied the paired human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and A2780-CP70. We used a shRNA construct that specifically degrades Gli1 message; which has been previously published by one of the co-authors (Shevde-Samant et al., 2009). Genes we assessed for mRNA and/or protein levels included: c-jun, ERCC1, XPD, XRCC1, Gli1, Gli2, SHH, IHH, GAPDH, and β-tubulin. Platinum-DNA adduct repair was assessed by atomic absorbance spectrometry with Zeeman background correction. Use of the anti-Gli1 shRNA in cisplatin-resistant cells, resulted in a block of the cells’ ability to up- regulate genes in response to cisplatin treatment, including: c-jun, ERCC1, XPD, and XRCC1. This block in upregulation of c-jun was concurrent with a change in the phosphorylation pattern of the c-jun protein, shifting that pattern from a Ser63/73 dominant pattern, to a Thr91/93 dominant pattern. A2780-CP70 cells were treated at their cisplatin IC50, and DNA repair was assessed after pretreatment with anti-Gli1 shRNA or scrambled shRNA control. Control cells repaired 78% of platinum-DNA adducts at 12 hours; compared to 33% repair in cells pretreated with anti-Gli1 shRNA; a 2.4 fold difference. Pretreatment of A2780-CP70 cells with anti-Gli1 shRNA resulted in supra-additive cell killing with cisplatin; shifting the cisplatin IC50 from 30 µM to 5 µM. Pretreatment of these cells with cyclopamine, did not shift the cisplatin IC50. We conclude that the transcriptional protein Gli1 is important in the upregulation of these three DNA repair genes in human ovarian cancer cells. And that Gli1 thereby strongly influences platinum-DNA adduct repair, and cellular sensitivity to cisplatin. This Gli1 role has c-jun as an intermediate in the pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 834. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-834
OC-004 Assistant practitioners in endoscopy: innovative practise
Authors: V Jackson, H Murray
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> New roles are being introduced within the NHS to utilise knowledge and skills to offer value for money services. Assistant Practitioners were introduced into the endoscopy unit and an innovative service was set up to improve the patient management for pre surveillance colonoscopy screening. <h3>Methods</h3> A telephone assessment was implemented by an Assistant Practitioner (band 4) to ascertain whether this could be offered as an alternative to the current pre endoscopy clinic led by a band 5 to ensure the patient was safe to proceed with bowel preparation and investigation. <h3>Results</h3> 68 patients were booked onto the Assistant Practitioner (AP) telephone clinic over a 10-week period. Out of these 20 DNA9d the appointment and 48 were assessed via the telephone consultation. Out of the 48 patients assessed the AP was able to decide if the patient was fit to proceed without seeking further advice. Forty-one patients were deemed suitable to advance to colonoscopy and agreed a date to attend. Seven patients chose to be discharged. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Hospital attendance is not always required to adequately assess the suitability for bowel preparation and colonoscopy. For a cohort of patients this can be done by a telephone consultation. This has advantages both for the user, in that they are not required to attend with all the difficulties associated with hospital visits, and the provider for adequate use of resource and capacity available. It is acknowledged that there may be a proportion of patients identified that require a face to face assessment at a higher level and those can be given a date to attend a nurse led clinic at the time of telephone consultation. This method is more cost effective due to the higher numbers of consultations on a telephone assessment clinic compared to face to face clinic and the associated salaries of the band of the practitioner undertaking the session. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE EPINEPHRINE TEST FOLLOWING THORACOSCOPIC LEFT CARDIAC SYMPATHETIC DENERVATION IN PATIENTS WITH INHERITED ARRHYTHMIA SYNDROME
Authors: Se Yong Jang, Yongkeun Cho, Jae Hee Kim, Sun Hee Park, Myung Hwan Bae, Jang Hoon Lee, Dong Heon Yang, Hun Sik Park, Shung Chull Chae
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
AB1032 Baseline analysis of use of denosumab in osteoporotic patients: Indications, compliance, adverse effect and tolerability
Authors: M. Lynn, A.L. Dolan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Denosumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that inhibits osteoclast activity, reducing bone loss. In the UK, use of denosumab was approved by National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) from October 2010 (TA204) [1]. Denosumab was used in Rheumatology Department, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, London from October 2010. <h3>Objectives</h3> We audited the indications for use of denosumab in these patients. Drug compliance, adverse effect and tolerability of the drug were also analysed. <h3>Methods</h3> 81 patients (female 77, male 4, age range 52 to 92 years, mean age 72 years) who commenced denosumab between October 2010 and December 2011 were identified retrospectively. 97% (79/81) of the patients come from their own home and 3% (2/81) come from nursing home. Patients' demographics, risk factors, fracture history, bone mineral density (BMD), spine and hip T score and previous osteoporosis treatment were assessed. 58 patients had follow up data and renal function was monitored every six months. Side effects were documented. <h3>Results</h3> Pre-treatment Dual-emission X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) was available on all patients (mean BMD spine and hip 0.686 gm/cm<sup>2</sup> and 0.705 gm/cm<sup>2</sup>, mean T score spine and hip -3.025 and -1.776). 87% (75/81) had failed treatment with both oral and intravenous bisphosphonates. 11% (9/81) had breast cancer and were on aromatase inhibitors. 16% (13/81) had mild renal impairment and 7% (6/81) had moderate renal impairment at the base line. 35.8% (29/81) of patients were found to have vitamin D deficiency at baseline and were treated. 9% (7/81) were on denosumab treatment for primary prevention of osteoporosis (T score range -2.3 to -4.1). All of these had failed oral medication previously. Four patients swapped from intravenous Ibandronate due to poor venous access. Use of denosumab was indicated clinically despite lack of specific risk factors suggested by NICE. All patients treated with denosumab for secondary prevention of osteoporosis (91%,74/81) met NICE criteria by virtue of previous fracture and failure of other treatments. Four men were treated off-license. 44% (36/81) had completed six month treatment and 27% (22/81) had completed one year treatment. All these patients were compliant to the drug. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Denosumab seems well tolerated and no serious side effect has been observed. Patients' renal function appears stable on treatment. Patients' compliance with denosumab is good. <h3>References</h3> www.nice.org.uk/guidance/TA204 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared