tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Mortality Associated With 5 Leading Risk Factors
Authors: Shivani A. Patel, Neil K. Mehta, Mohammed K. Ali
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Letters5 April 2016Cardiovascular Mortality Associated With 5 Leading Risk FactorsShivani A. Patel, PhD, Neil K. Mehta, PhD, and Mohammed K. Ali, MBChBShivani A. Patel, PhDFrom Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Search for more papers by this author, Neil K. Mehta, PhDFrom Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Search for more papers by this author, and Mohammed K. Ali, MBChBFrom Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-0568 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We recently reported that approximately half of national cardiovascular deaths among Americans aged 45 to 79 years could be attributed collectively to elevated cholesterol levels, diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking—5 modifiable biomedical risk factors for CVD. Contrary to the conclusion by Dr. Grant and colleagues, we did in fact control for race/ethnicity, as well as educational attainment, in estimating the input hazard ratios for the attributable fraction calculations (please see the Methods and Appendix sections in our article).We also estimated preventable fractions of cardiovascular mortality associated with each of the 5 risk factors individually. We found that ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOf InterestForms.do?msNum=M14-1753. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoCardiovascular Mortality Associated With 5 Leading Risk Factors: National and State Preventable Fractions Estimated From Survey Data Shivani A. Patel , Munir Winkel , Mohammed K. Ali , K.M. Venkat Narayan , and Neil K. Mehta Cardiovascular Mortality Associated With 5 Leading Risk Factors William B. Grant , Luca Mascitelli , and Mark R. Goldstein Metrics Cited byAssociation of sedentary time with blood pressure in women of reproductive age 5 April 2016Volume 164, Issue 7Page: 510-511KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesHypercholesterolemiaHypertensionMedical risk factorsMortalityObesityPrevention, policy, and public healthPublic policyRisk managementSocial welfare ePublished: 5 April 2016 Issue Published: 5 April 2016 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2016 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Infections of the Bones and Joints in Children
Authors: Thomas S. Morse, Charles V. Pryles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE advent of sulfonamides and penicillin resulted in a gratifying decrease in the mortality and morbidity of bone-and-joint infections.1 2 3 It was hoped that the introduction of the broad-spectrum antibiotics would reduce the ravages of osteomyelitis to the vanishing point. Because this hope is still far from realized, it seems appropriate to review the current status of bone-and-joint infections in children. This report differs from preceding papers1 2 3 4 5 on the subject in including only children to whom some form of modern antibacterial therapy was available at the onset of illness. All cases of bone-and-joint infections in children under thirteen years of age . . .
Human Adherent Cell Contact-Mediated Modulation of Normal Myeloid Colony Formation<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: G Spitzer, D S Verma, M Beran, A R Zander, K B McCredie, K A Dicke
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The effects of coincubation of normal nonadherent bone marrow cells on adherent monolayers created from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells or marrow cells were investigated. Nonadherent marrow cells were coincubated for 4 hours with peripheral blood adherent cells at ratios of adherent cells to marrow cells of 2:1 to 5:1. This coincubation suppressed subsequent neutrophilic agar colony growth but not eosinophilic growth. Further studies suggested that this suppression was a cell-cell-mediated process and not secondary to soluble factors. However, coincubation on marrow adherent cells caused increased neutrophilic colony recovery. The possible in vivo relevance is discussed.
The effect of methadone on the QTc interval in advanced cancer patients
Authors: S. Reddy, S. Dalal, J. Swafford, B. El Osta, B. Pei, J. Palmer, E. Bruera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9064 Background: Methadone (ME) has been used increasingly for pain control and for maintenance in drug addiction programs. Its use is increasing in cancer patients (pts), mainly as part of opioid rotation. Some recent reports suggest that ME may prolong QTc interval and cause torsade de pointes in pts on high dose ME. The purpose of our study was to determine the effect of initiation of ME on QTc interval in pts with cancer pain. Methods: We enrolled 101 pts in this prospective study. These pts had never been on ME before. Pts were followed clinically and electrocardiographically for QTc changes from baseline. EKG was obtained at baseline (QTc 0 ), 2 (QTc 2 ), 4 (QTc 4 ), and 8 (QTc 8 ) weeks. We recorded other contributing factors for QTc prolongation such as medication interactions with ME and electrolyte disturbances. QTc is prolongation is defined as &gt; 430 ms in males and &gt; 450 ms in females. In our study, significant QTc prolongation was defined as = 10% increase from baseline or QTc = 500 msec. Results: 74 pts (73%) had normal QTc (group A) and 27 pts (27%) had prolonged QTc (group B) at baseline. Significant increase in QTc in group A males occured in 1 of 16 (6%) at week 2, 2 of 10 (20%) at week 4, and 0 of 8 (0%) at week 8. Significant increase in QTc in group A females occured in 3 of 32 (10%) at week 2, 1 of 21 (5%) at week 4, and 0 of 12 (0%) at week 8. These pts had multiple contributing factors for QTc prolongation. QTc &gt; reference for males occured in 6 of 16 (37%) at week 2, 4 of 10 (40%) at week 4, and 1 of 8 (12%) at week 8; in females, 1 of 32 (3%) at week 2, 3 of 21 (14%) at week 4, and 1 of 12 (8%) at week 8 ( Table 1 ). 2 of 27 pts (7%) from group B had a significant prolongation at week 2: one of them had an increase from 498 to 509 ms, then to 512 at week 4 and 486 at week 8. Conclusions: Baseline prolonged QTc is a common finding. QTc prolongation = 500 ms is rare in pts receiving ME for cancer pain. No data exists for other opioids. There was one case of temporary increase in QTc &gt; 500 ms. There was no evidence of severe arrhythmias or torsade de pointes clinically or on EKG. ME dose was = 50 mg/day in the majority of these pts. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of probiotics on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients: a randomized controlled multicenter trial
Authors: Juan Zeng, Chun-Ting Wang, Fu-Shen Zhang, Feng Qi, Shi-Fu Wang, Shuang Ma, Tie-Jun Wu, Hui Tian, Zhao-Tao Tian, Shu-Liu Zhang, Yan Qu, Lu-Yi Liu, Yuan-Zhong Li, Song Cui, He-Ling Zhao, Quan-Sheng Du, Zhuang Ma, Chun-Hua Li, Yun Li, Min Si, Yu-Feng Chu, Mei Meng, Hong-Sheng Ren, Ji-Cheng Zhang, Jin-Jiao Jiang, Min Ding, Yu-Ping Wang
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2016)
Rubella Vaccination in Adult Females
Authors: Robert E. Weibel, Joseph Stokes, Eugene B. Buynak, Maurice R. Hilleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

In all but one of 35 adult susceptible females on a suitable pregnancy control regimen rubella antibody developed after vaccination with HPV-77 rubella virus propagated in cell cultures of duck embryo. In 20 of the 35 women signs and symptoms consistent with rubella, including rash, arthritis, arthralgia, lymphadenopathy, malaise, and anorexia, developed. The illness was generally mild and transient though knee aspiration and intraarticular administration of hydrocortisone were indicated in one case. Rubella virus was recovered from the aspirated synovial fluid of one woman with arthritis whose knees were aspirated. Two women were treated with oral methyl prednisolone for five days. The onset of rash was 12 days after vaccination, on the average, and the beginning of arthritis arthralgia was 16 days. Recovery was complete.
Respiratory Abnormalities in Eosinophilic Granuloma of the Lung
Authors: Lee Hoffman, Jerome E. Cohn, Edward A. Gaensler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

EOSINOPHILIC granuloma was first described as a localized disease of bone by Finzi1 in 1929. Subsequently, cases with histologically proved eosinophilic granuloma of bone and abnormal chest roentgenograms were reported. In 1949 Parkinson2 wrote, ". . . the possibility that lung fibrosis and cyst formation may be the sole manifestation of eosinophilic xanthomatous granuloma must be considered. It seems likely that such cases will arise. . . ." Within two years this prediction was borne out by a report of 2 cases of eosinophilic granuloma limited to the lung.3 Since then 47 cases have been reported in which extrapulmonary lesions . . .
Abstract 2290: More than a biomarker: Studying the role of vimentin in lung cancer metastasis
Authors: Alessandra M. Salgueiro, Melissa Gilbert-Ross, Lauren S. Havel, John Shupe, Adam I. Marcus
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract A major mechanism of metastasis is the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) where epithelial cells from the primary site undergo genetic and epigenetic alterations to become motile and mesenchymal. A canonical marker of EMT and a clinical marker of metastasis is the intermediate filament protein, vimentin. Vimentin expression correlates with increased metastatic potential and poor patient prognosis across most solid tumor types including lung, prostate, and breast cancers; however little is known about how vimentin functions to promote the metastatic cascade. Here we use a lung cancer mouse model to study the role of vimentin in lung cancer metastasis in vivo. We have re-developed an LSL-KrasG12D,LKB1fl/fl mouse model whereby intranasal administration of lentiviral Cre recombinase causes a KrasG12D mutation and LKB1 knockout in the lungs. Consequently, about half of the mice that develop primary lung tumors after 10 weeks also develop metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes by week 16. We crossed this mouse with a Vim-/- mouse to create a LSL-KrasG12D,LKB1fl/fl, Vim-/- (termed here KLV) mouse to determine if loss of vimentin prevents lung cancer metastasis in this model. Our findings show that the KLV mouse exhibits significantly less metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes (12%) as compared with its vimentin wild type counterpart but does not show a decrease in primary tumor formation. These knockout mice also exhibit less focal invasion at the primary tumor site while maintaining a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma histology independent of vimentin genotype. Taken together, our work indicates that vimentin is critical for lung cancer metastasis but not primary tumor formation. Citation Format: Alessandra M. Salgueiro, Melissa Gilbert-Ross, Lauren S. Havel, John Shupe, Adam I. Marcus. More than a biomarker: Studying the role of vimentin in lung cancer metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2290. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2290
Case 9-1996
Authors: H.J. Mankin, H.C. Wu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Presentation of CaseA 21-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of thoracolumbar pain.The patient had been well until 17 weeks earlier, when she began to have pain in the midline thoracolumbar region of the spine, with radiation to the right flank, accompanied by nocturnal fever. The pain was aggravated by coughing, sneezing, straining, and recumbency and was not relieved by acetaminophen.Fourteen weeks before admission she came to this hospital. Her temperature was 38°C. The physical examination was normal except for tenderness in the right costovertebral angle and a narrow introitus that prevented a digital examination. The . . .
The Problem of Porphyria — Some Facts and Questions
Authors: C. J. Watson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE earlier classifications of porphyria, notably those of Günther1 and Waldenström,2 were purely clinical in character. The former included congenital, acute and chronic varieties; the latter differed only in substituting the term "cutanea tarda" for "chronic." In some respects this substitution was advantageous, and indeed the term "porphyria cutanea tarda" has come into rather general usage; in certain respects, as noted below, it is disadvantageous.Studies with Schmid and Schwartz3 , 4 revealed striking differences in porphyrin and porphobilinogen content of the liver and bone marrow in the various forms of the disease. Thus, it became clear that Günther's congenital type is . . .
Incidence of Heterologous Antibodies in Virus-Confirmed Cases of Poliomyelitis
Authors: Thomas Francis, Gordon C. Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

RECENT laboratory studies of cases of poliomyelitis have demonstrated conclusively that the virus-confirmed disease occurs with much greater frequency in unvaccinated or inadequately vaccinated persons than among those with a history of three or more doses of poliomyelitis vaccine.1 2 3 These data, therefore, represent strong support of results observed in the original Field Trial4 of inactivated (Salk-type) vaccine. However, a definite proportion of virus-confirmed paralytic cases is seen each year among those with a history of three or more doses of vaccine. Since these occurrences are usually interpreted as failures of vaccination it is important to consider, if possible, whether they . . .
Case 16-2003
Authors: Robert M. Friedlander, R. Gilberto Gonzalez, Nadeem A. Afridi, Rolf Pfannl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Presentation of CaseA 58-year-old, right-handed woman was admitted to the hospital because of left hemiparesis.The patient had been well until five days earlier, when a right frontal headache developed, with radiation to the right eye and right ear; suspecting sinusitis, her physician prescribed amoxicillin. Four days before admission, weakness developed in the left arm, and she began to drop items that she was holding in her left hand. During the next three days, the weakness worsened. On the day of admission, she awoke with weakness in the left leg; at one point, she fell from a chair and . . .
Peroxidase Deficiency in Familial Goiter with Iodide Organification Defect
Authors: Garrett A. Hagen, Hugo Niepomniszcze, Helmut Haibach, Mario Bigazzi, Ratha Hati, Basil Rapoport, Carlos Jimenez, Leslie J. DeGroot, Thomas F. Frawley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract: A 16-year-old girl with euthyroidism and normal hearing had had a goiter since the age of six. Her 21-year-old sister also had goiter with identical clinical findings, suggesting a geneti...
Case 28-2003
Authors: Paula D. Ryan, Daniel A. Haber, Kristen M. Shannon, Barbara L. Smith, Melinda J. Fan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Presentation of CaseA 51-year-old, premenopausal woman came to this hospital with a newly diagnosed breast carcinoma and a strong family history of breast cancer.Three months earlier, on physical examination at another institution, a mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast had been found. Examination of a fine-needle aspirate showed atypical ductal cells. An excisional biopsy, also performed elsewhere, revealed a 0.2-cm invasive lobular carcinoma (stage T1a), with ductal carcinoma in situ and lobular carcinoma in situ (Figure 1).The patient came to this hospital for further treatment of her breast carcinoma. The results of routine . . .
Case 34-2008
Authors: Julie L. Gerberding, Javier M. Romero, Mary Jane Ferraro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 58-year-old woman was transferred to this hospital because of severe neck pain, fever, and a spinal epidural mass extending from the level of the fourth to the seventh cervical vertebrae, with evidence of mild cord compression seen on imaging studies. Shortly before transfer to this hospital, a diagnostic test result was received.
Abnormalities of Lipoprotein Metabolism in Patients with the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Jorge Joven, Carlos Villabona, Elisabet Vilella, Luis Masana, Rosa Albertí, Martin Vallés
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Patients with the nephrotic syndrome characteristically have multiple abnormalities of lipoprotein metabolism, but the cause and exact nature of these abnormalities are uncertain. In this study, we measured serum lipids and apoproteins in 57 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. We also determined the kinetic indexes of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) metabolism in six patients, and again in three of the six after recovery.
Targeting the leukemia cell metabolism by the CPT1a inhibition: functional preclinical effects in leukemias
Authors: Maria Rosaria Ricciardi, Simone Mirabilii, Matteo Allegretti, Roberto Licchetta, Anna Calarco, Maria Rosaria Torrisi, Robin Foà, Raffaella Nicolai, Gianfranco Peluso, Agostino Tafuri
Journal: Blood (2015)
Associations among sedentary and active behaviours, body fat and appetite dysregulation: investigating the myth of physical inactivity and obesity
Authors: Anna Myers, Catherine Gibbons, Graham Finlayson, John Blundell
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Background There is considerable disagreement about the association between free-living physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour and obesity. Moreover studies frequently do not include measures that could mediate between PA and adiposity. The present study used a validated instrument for continuous tracking of sedentary and active behaviours as part of habitual daily living, together with measures of energy expenditure, body composition and appetite dysregulation. This cross-sectional study tested the relationship between inactivity and obesity. Methods 71 participants (81.7% women) aged 37.4 years (±14) with a body mass index of 29.9 kg/m 2 (±5.2) were continuously monitored for 6–7 days to track free-living PA (light 1.5–3 metabolic equivalents (METs), moderate 3–6 METs and vigorous &gt;6 METs) and sedentary behaviour (&lt;1.5 METs) with the SenseWear Armband. Additional measures included body composition, waist circumference, cardiovascular fitness, total and resting energy expenditure, and various health markers. Appetite control was assessed by validated eating behaviour questionnaires. Results Sedentary behaviour (11.06±1.72 h/day) was positively correlated with fat mass (r=0.50, p&lt;0.001) and waist circumference (r=−0.65, p&lt;0.001). Moderate-to-vigorous PA was negatively associated with fat mass (r=−0.72, p&lt;0.001) and remained significantly correlated with adiposity after controlling for sedentary behaviour. Activity energy expenditure was positively associated with the level of PA and negatively associated with fat mass. Disinhibition and binge eating behaviours were positively associated with fat mass (r=0.58 and 0.47, respectively, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions This study demonstrated clear associations among objective measures of PA (and sedentary behaviour), energy expenditure, adiposity and appetite control. The data indicate strong links between physical inactivity and obesity. This relationship is likely to be bidirectional.
Combination of oxaliplatin and capecitabine (CAPOX) in first and second-line treatment for metastatic colorectal carcinoma (MCRC)
Authors: G. Lopez-Vivanco, A. Muñoz, J. M. Mañe, J. Ferreiro, I. Rubio, N. Fuente, T. Perez-Hoyos, G. Lopez-Argumedo, A. Viteri, R. Barcelo-Galindez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3701 Background: Oxaliplatin (OX) combined with c.i. 5FU is one of the most active first line treatments for patients with MCRC. Recently its efficacy has been demonstrated after CPT11-based chemotherapy failure. Capecitabine (CAP) is an oral prodrug that mimics infusional 5FU. CAPOX combination has not been fully explored in pts with MCRC. Methods: From October-02, 57 pts with MCRC have been treated with CAPOX combination. First line treatment was considered if pts had not been previously treated with chemotherapy for metastatic disease and second line if pts were considered refractory to fluoropirimidines and CPT11 (sequential monotherapy or combination therapy). All pts signed informed consent and had evaluable disease. CAPOX schedule: OX 130 mg/m2 iv on day 1 and CAP 1000 mg/m2 bid orally for 14 days, every 3 weeks. Results: 22 pts have been treated as first line and 29 pts as second line (previous 5FU-CPT11: 14 Saltz regimen, 10 CAP-CPT11, 4 sequential monotherapy). Median age was 64 y-o (range 34–79). Median number of metastatic sites: 2. ECOG 0/1/2: 39% /45% /16%. At the present analysis 231 courses have been administered (median 4, range 1 to 9). Grade 3/4 toxicity per patient (NCI-CTC v2): diarrhea 7/0, asthenia 8/0, hand-foot syndrome 3/0, oral mucositis 2/0, vomiting 1/1, thrombopenia 1/1. Grade 2/3 specific OX neurotoxicity: acute 4/1, cumulative 3/0. There have been no toxic deaths. 13 pts have not been evaluated for response: 1 early death not related with treatment and 12 less than three courses. Overall response rate for first line CAPOX has been 50% (8/18 PR and 1/18 CR), and 15% for the second line (4/26 PR and 0/26 CR). Median overall has not been reached at 31 weeks (first line) and 43 weeks (second line). Median progression free survival has not been reached for first line pts and has been 16 weeks for second line patients. Conclusions: CAPOX is an active and well-tolerated treatment as first and second line therapy for MCRC. This combination permits a fully outpatient chemotherapy without permanent intravascular devices. Further randomized prospective evaluations are necessary to compare FOLFOX to CAPOX regimens. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of Epinephrine and Posterior Pituitary Extract on the Wedged-Hepatic-Vein Pressure in Normal Patients and in Those with Liver Disease
Authors: Paul M. Kohn, Bernard L. Charms, Bernard L. Brofman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN recent years the technic of measuring the pressure in the wedged hepatic vein by means of catheterizing the hepatic vein has been utilized for assessing the level of the portal-vein pressure in man. On the basis of numerous studies, both in laboratory animals and in man,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 acceptance has been gained for the concept that the wedged-hepatic-vein pressure, which actually reflects intrasinusoidal pressure, mirrors quite closely the portal-vein pressure in the normal person as well as in patients who have liver disease. The rationale for the assumption that the wedge-pressure recording provides a reasonably accurate picture of the portal-vein pressure . . .
Illness Experience and Life Stresses in Patients with Irritable Colon and with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Albert I. Mendeloff, Mary Monk, Charles I. Siegel, Abraham Lilienfeld
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Illness Experience and Life Stresses in Patients with Irritable Colon and with Ulcerative Colitis — An Epidemiologic Study of Ulcerative Colitis and Regional Enteritis in Baltimore, 1960–1964