tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3394: A gamma secretase inhibitor reduces large neurosphere formation in glioma cell lines which correlates with decreased tumorigenicity
Authors: Javier Lopez-Molina, Sudhir Rao, Minilik Angagaw, Roseanne Wexler, Razvan Cristescu, Tim Demuth, Hong Sun, Carlo Toniatti
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Notch signaling regulates many aspects of development, cell fate and tissue renewal. Recent work has implicated the pathway in regulating and maintaining tumor initiating cells. Phase 1 clinical trial results have recently shown responses in patients with brain tumors. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the effect of a potent and specific gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI, MRK-003) on the growth of a neurosphere stem cell-like population from glioblastoma cell lines. Our studies demonstrate glioma cell lines grown in serum-free neurosphere culture conditions have 10-40 fold higher expression of Notch pathway direct target genes Hes5, Hey1 and Hey 2, as compared to their expression in standard 2D serum-cultured cells. Using a novel imaging based readout with the Isocyte platform, we have collected multiple neurosphere colony parameters, such as colony size, colony number, colony shape, frequency and fluorescence intensity, before and after drug treatment. In vitro GSI treatment of U251 neurospheres as compared to DMSO and inactive enantiomer controls yields a 5 fold reduction in the number of large colonies with a correlated increase in the number of small colonies, suggesting a cytostatic effect. This effect translates into a 40 day delay in tumor formation and a 5 fold decrease in tumor volume after subcutaneous injection of 5-day GSI pre-treated neurospheres (p-value&amp;lt;0.0001, 1way-ANOVA). This data suggests that GSI inhibits the growth of tumor initiating cells that are present in neurosphere culture and that this change is specifically mediated by the Notch pathway. Furthermore, this imaging based assay will allow for the validation of Notch pathway related gene signatures for their ability to predict response to GSI in this cancer context. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3394. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3394
Abstract 1503: Cancer testis antigen SPANXB2 and prostate cancer progression: Human prostate stroma promotes SPANXB2 expression
Authors: Hangwen Li, Ericka Diallo krou, Steven Ressler, Arun Sreekumar, Gustavo Ayala, David Rowley, Ganesh Palapattu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract A critical problem in prostate cancer is our inability to reliably distinguish indolent from aggressive disease. Recent evidence has implicated a class of genes, termed Cancer Testis Antigens (CTA) that uniquely expressed on malignant tissue, in cancer progression. CTA SPANXB2 was reported to be associated with aggressive and metastasis of melanoma and other cancers. The role of SPANXB2 in prostate cancer is still uncertain. In preliminary studies, we observed that the CTA SPANXB2 is up-regulated in mRNA level in metastatic prostate cancer xenograft models (PC3 cells injected in mouse dorsal prostate with Matrigel). Compared with other injection sites, mouse dorsal prostate enriched prostate stroma. Therefore, we further tested whether prostate stroma is the key factor to influence SPANXB2 expression and enhance the metastasis potential of prostate cancer cells. We validated this through an in vitro epithelial-stroma interaction models: GFP labeled PC3 cells were placed on the top of human prostate stromal cells (HPS-19I); two days later PC3-GFP cells were isolated through flow cytometry with high purity (&amp;gt; 99%). By real time PCR, the expression level of SPANXB2 in these purified PC3-GFP cells was found to be upregulated up to 10 folds. We also tested DU145 and LNCaP in this same model, and similar results were obtained. We further examined the migration and invasion ability of these cells and found that stromal exposed cells gained an enhanced ability to migrate and invade. Interestingly, we also observed that the stem cells marker, CD24 was highly up -regulated up to 6 folds in PC3 cells after co-culture with HPS-19I. In addition, we treated PC3 cells with TGF-β1 and TGF-β2, and noted that SPANXB2 and CD24 were significantly increased in PC3 cells after 24 hours treatment with TGF-β2. Our results reveal that i) the interaction between human prostate stromal cells and prostate cancer cells promote CTA-SPANXB2 and CD24 expression in prostate cancer cells, ii) these interactions further enhance the migration and invasion ability of prostate cancer cells and iii) TGF-β2 may regulate SPANXB expression relevant cells. These data provide rationale for studying SPANXB2 in stromal-epithelial interactions and may be potentially used to pinpoint druggable targets that drive metastasis and that distinguish indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. Keywords: Cancer testis antigen, SPANXB2, Prostate cancer, Metastasis, Stoma Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1503. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1503
Quality of Life and Antihypertensive Therapy in Men -- A Comparison of Captopril with Enalapril
Authors: Marcia A. Testa, Richard B. Anderson, Johanna F. Nackley, Norman K. Hollenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

We conducted a multicenter trial comparing two angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors to determine whether effects on quality of life during antihypertensive therapy are uniform within this pharmacologic class of agents, and to relate the effects of the drugs on quality of life to objective adverse events, such as the loss of a job or the death of a spouse.
Elevated Iodine Uptake at Autogenous Bone Graft Harvest Sites
Authors: Jigang Yang, Ion Codreanu, Sabah Servaes, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 16-year-old adolescent girl post total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma presented for postsurgical radioablative therapy. A whole-body I scintigraphy revealed not only expected activity in the thyroid bed but also asymmetric tracer distribution in the mandible and 2 foci of increased I accumulation in the distal left lower extremity. SPECT/CT images localized the activity to the donor sites of an autologous left fibular bone graft, harvested 8 years earlier to repair her mandible. Our case demonstrates that iodine accumulation can occur at the site of bone surgery many years after intervention and should be differentiated from iodine-avid metastases.
Traffic-Related Air Pollution, Noise at School, and Behavioral Problems in Barcelona Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Joan Forns, Payam Dadvand, Maria Foraster, Mar Alvarez-Pedrerol, Ioar Rivas, Mònica López-Vicente, Elisabet Suades-Gonzalez, Raquel Garcia-Esteban, Mikel Esnaola, Marta Cirach, James Grellier, Xavier Basagaña, Xavier Querol, Mònica Guxens, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Jordi Sunyer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

The available evidence of the effects of air pollution and noise on behavioral development is limited, and it overlooks exposure at schools, where children spend a considerable amount of time.We aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) and noise at school on behavioral development of schoolchildren.We evaluated children 7-11 years of age in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) during 2012-2013 within the BREATHE project. Indoor and outdoor concentrations of elemental carbon (EC), black carbon (BC), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were measured at schools in two separate 1-week campaigns. In one campaign we also measured noise levels inside classrooms. Parents filled out the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to assess child behavioral development, while teachers completed the attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder criteria of the DSM-IV (ADHD-DSM-IV) list to assess specific ADHD symptomatology. Negative binomial mixed-effects models were used to estimate associations between the exposures and behavioral development scores.Interquartile range (IQR) increases in indoor and outdoor EC, BC, and NO2 concentrations were positively associated with SDQ total difficulties scores (suggesting more frequent behavioral problems) in adjusted multivariate models, whereas noise was significantly associated with ADHD-DSM-IV scores.In our study population of 7- to 11-year-old children residing in Barcelona, exposure to TRAPs at school was associated with increased behavioral problems in schoolchildren. Noise exposure at school was associated with more ADHD symptoms.Forns J, Dadvand P, Foraster M, Alvarez-Pedrerol M, Rivas I, López-Vicente M, Suades-Gonzalez E, Garcia-Esteban R, Esnaola M, Cirach M, Grellier J, Basagaña X, Querol X, Guxens M, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Sunyer J. 2016. Traffic-related air pollution, noise at school, and behavioral problems in Barcelona schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Perspect 124:529-535; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1409449.
Chvostek's and Trousseau's Signs
Authors: John Edwin Jesus, Alden Landry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A 38-year-old man presented to the emergency department with facial paresthesias and upper-extremity muscle cramping. His symptoms were progressive, beginning as mild paresthesias on postoperative day 1 by the time he presented, they had been getting worse for about 24 hours. His medical history was noteworthy only for papillary thyroid carcinoma, for which he had undergone a total thyroidectomy 2 days earlier. Physical examination revealed apparent Chvostek's sign (Figure 1A and Video 1) and Trousseau's sign (Figure 1B and Video 2), a result of postsurgical acquired hypoparathyroidism. His total calcium level was 5.8 mg per deciliter (normal range, 8.4 to . . .
Band Acro-osteolysis
Authors: Aniket N Tavare, Helen Marmery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 23-year-old male construction worker with a history of autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis presented with coldness affecting both hands, triphasic Raynaud's phenomenon, and tightening of the skin. Examination revealed linear plaques of fibrosis extending past the elbows.
Doubts raised over political support for hospital reconfiguration
Authors: B. Christie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Violent encounters with police represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the USA, especially among Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour (BIPOC). This study characterises trends in fatal police shootings overall and by armed status and quantifies inequities in mortality burden and years of life lost (YLL) across racial/ethnic groups. <h3>Methods</h3> Longitudinal study of <i>Washington Post</i> data on fatal police shootings in the USA using generalised linear-mixed models to capture trends with time and relative rates. <h3>Results</h3> This study shows that the rate of fatal police shootings for Black, Indigenous, and People of Colour (BIPOC) is constant from 2015 to 2020. Further, BIPOC have significantly higher death rates compared with Whites in the overall victim pool (Native American RR=3.06, Black RR=2.62, Hispanic RR=1.29) and among unarmed victims (Black RR=3.18, Hispanic RR=1.45). Native American (RR=3.95), Black (overall RR=3.29, unarmed RR=3.49) and Hispanic (RR=1.55, unarmed RR=1.55), victims had similarly high rates of YLL relative to Whites. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Fatal police shootings are a public health emergency that contribute to poor health for BIPOC. Urgent attention from health professionals is needed to help drive policy efforts that reduce this unjust burden and move us towards achieving health equity in the US.
OP0158-PARE Survey of the Impact of RA on Family Relationships
Authors: C. B. Jacklin, A. Bosworth
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> There is relatively little data on the emotional impact of RA on the individual as well as the impact on the wider family and principal carer usually the spouse. It is this area that The National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society wished to explore in greater depth. Following a focus group with partners in 2011 NRAS conducted an online questionnaire of family members including partners and spouses but also parents and adult children of people living with RA. This then highlighted the need for further research into the impact on close and intimate relationships for people living with RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To analyse the impact of RA on close relationships <h3>Methods</h3> An independent communications specialist, experienced in the fields of health and care, was commissioned to work with NRAS to carry out two national surveys one for family members in Spring 2012 followed by a second survey of people with RA themselves in Winter 2012. The communications specialist worked in partnership with a psychotherapist to co- host 3 focus groups in autumn 2012 to guide the design of the2nd online questionnaire. The request for people to participate in the "Emotions and Relationships" survey was circulated via social media Facebook, NRAS online forum, NRAS Health Unlocked blogging site as well as NRAS enews bulletins and website. <h3>Results</h3> The family survey resulted in 392 usable responses followed by a staggering 1343 completed relationships survey questionnaires. Key findings from both surveys were: 41% of partners reported having difficulties in their relationships and 67% of partners reporting a negative impact on their sex life as a result of their partners RA. 46% of those living with RA reported not being happy with their sex life. Single people in the survey reported they believe that having RA puts people off having a relationship with them. 94% of people with RA described feeling "frustrated" and 80% said they feel or have felt "anxious" about their RA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A new NRAS publication as well as an NRAS online resource is due to be developed to help health professionals to be in a better position to help the individual with RA and their family by utilising these new resources in addressing the issues that people, their partners and their families face. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Kate Wilkinson &amp; Sarah Collins <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 226: Transcriptional control of the BRCA1 expression by a metabolic switch
Authors: Lijun Di, Alfonso Fernandez, Kevin Gardner
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Deletion or loss of BRCA1 function is the major cause of most familial forms of breast cancer, decreased expression of non-mutated BRCA1 alleles is often found in sporadic breast cancer, suggesting that alterations in BRCA1 transcriptional regulation may contribute to non-inherited forms of breast cancer. BRCA1 plays a central role in maintenance of genome stability and cell cycle control and therefore, often recognized as both a “care taker” and “gate keeper” of the genome. In this study, we show that BRCA1 expression is controlled by a tightly regulated dynamic balance between the association of transcriptional co-activators and co-repressors that regulate histone acetylation and chromatin accessibility at the BRCA1 promoter during the transcriptional response to estrogen stimulation. A central regulatory step in the control of the BRCA1 promoter is the eviction of the co-repressor and metabolic sensor C-terminal-binding protein1 (CtBP1). Loss of CtBP1 from the BRCA1 promoter either by estrogen induction, CtBP1 RNAi depletion or increasing NAD+/NADH ratio results in elevated histone acetylation, HDAC1 dismissal from the BRCA1 promoter and increased BRCA1 transcription. These findings indicate that BRCA1 expression is controlled by a metabolic switch that dynamically influences the localized deposition of epigenetic marks and chromatin structure at the BRCA1 promoter and suggests that caloric intake may influence the levels of this critical tumor suppressor in mammary tissues. Strikingly extended observation of other DNA damage response genes indicate that they are also under direct regulation by CtBP and CtBP complex. These data suggest a global molecular linkage between cellular metabolic status and the capacity to maintaining the genome free from damage or mistakes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 226. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-226
Case 4-2013
Authors: Anna Greka, R. Sacha Bhatia, Sharjeel H. Sabir, John P. Dekker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 50-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of left flank pain and fever. CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a focal wedge-shaped defect in the left inferolateral kidney. Diagnostic tests were performed.
Fine needle aspiration using forward-viewing endoscopic ultrasonography
Authors: M. Kida, M. Araki, S. Miyazawa, H. Ikeda, H. Kikuchi, M. Watanabe, H. Imaizumi, W. Koizumi
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A prototype forward-viewing instrument has been developed for therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA). We had the opportunity to use this forward-viewing echo endoscope and to study its clinical usefulness, mainly for diagnostic EUS-FNA.The prototype forward-viewing echo endoscope was used for 15 months between November 2006 and March 2010, in a study group comprising 47 consecutive patients. Diagnostic EUS-FNA was done in 38 patients and the diagnostic accuracy of the forward-viewing device was compared with that from an oblique-viewing echo endoscope in reference patients who were matched by disease and puncture route. Therapeutic EUS was done in nine patients (pseudocyst drainage in six; celiac ganglia neurolysis, biliary drainage, and pancreatic duct drainage in one each).Diagnostic EUS-FNA provided a correct diagnosis in 97.4 % (37/38 patients), which was not significantly different from the 94.7 % (36/38) in the reference patients. Lesions considered difficult to access with an oblique-viewing scope, such as those located at the fornix, or the head of the pancreas, or associated with strictures, were easily punctured, as were those located at the body or tail of the pancreas or at the porta hepatis. Treatment was successful in all nine patients who underwent therapeutic EUS procedures. None of the 47 patients had any complications.A forward-viewing echo endoscope that allows target sites to be punctured more perpendicularly with minimal effort, can be used for diagnostic EUS-FNA and this may be advantageous, depending on the site of target lesions.
AB0299 Quality of life in tunisian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cross-sectional study about 200 patients
Authors: K. Asma, Z. Hèla, B.F. Hosni, A. Najla, A. Habib, B.S. Imène, K. Boutheina, B. Elyes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disabling disease with significant impact on the quality of life (QOL) of patients. Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) issues are assuming increasing importance in chronic rheumatic diseases like RA. No data on QOL in RA is available from Tunisian patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess the HRQOL of Tunisian patients with RA and also to specify the influence of various parameters. <h3>Methods</h3> Consenting patients with rheumatoid arthritis (American College of Rheumatology criteria) were recruited at the Department of Rheumatology of the University Hospital “Farhat Hached”, Susah, Tunisia. Quality of life was assessed using a specific HRQOL measure:the Arthritis Measurement Scales 2-Short Form (AIMS2-SF).Disease activity was assessed by the Disease Activity Score (DAS28), functional disability by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) and fatigue by a visual analogue scale (VAS). Extra-articular manifestations (ExRA) were diagnosed clinically. <h3>Results</h3> The study group comprised 200 patients.The mean agewas 51.6±12.4 years with a female predominance (83%). The mean duration of RA was 12,1±10 years. The mean DAS28, HAQ and VAS for fatigue were respectively: 4,8±1,8, 1,7±1,4 and 56,2±31,4. ExRA were present in 53% of patients. Rheumatoid Factor (RF) was positive in 80,5% of cases. The mean HRQOL scores of the patients were 3,8±2,3, 3,5±2,5, 4,5±2,6, 4,2±1,9 and 4,4±2,9 in the physical, symptom, psychological, social, and role components of the AIMS2-SF respectively. The psychological, social and role components were thereforethe components of quality of life most affected in our patients. Age, gender and rheumatoid factor positivity did not influence HRQOL. Disease duration was significantly correlated to the physical, symptom and role components. There was a significant inverse correlation of HAQ and fatigue with all five components of AIMS2-SF. There was a significant inverse correlation of DAS28 with the physical, the symptom, role and psychological components. Patients with ExRA scored significantly lower in the five components of AIMS2-SF. Multiple regression analysis showed that: HAQ independently affects all components of QOL, disease duration affects the physical and symptom components and fatigue affects the physical component. <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA has a detrimental effect on many areas of life including moods and emotions, social life, hobbies, everyday tasks, personal and social relationships and physical contact. Our study showed that HRQOL scores were lowest in the psychological, social and role components. Functional disability was the most important factor affecting QOL in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Accuracy of high-frequency catheter-based endoscopic ultrasonography versus conventional endoscopy for the prediction of depth of tumor invasion in early gastric cancer
Authors: Ji Jeong-Seon, Kim Byung-Wook, Choi Hye-Jung, Song Joo-Yong, Lee Bo-In, Choi Hwang
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Purpose: The increasing performance of endoscopic resection for curative treatment of early gastric cancers (EGC) requires accurate tumor staging before therapy. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is the first choice imaging modality for determining the depth of invasion (T staging) of gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to prospectively assess the accuracy of EUS for determining the depth of EGC compared to that of conventional endoscopy.