tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cetuximab (C), oxaliplatin (Ox) and fluoropyrimidine (Fp): Toxicity during the first 12 weeks of treatment for the first 804 patients entered into the MRC COIN (CR10) trial
Authors: T. Maughan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4070 Background: COIN is a 3-arm trial comparing continuous chemotherapy (CT) plus C or intermittent CT with standard continuous CT (OxFp) in the first-line treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC). Methods: Eligible patients have measurable, inoperable ACRC; no prior CT for metastases; PS 0–2; GFR &gt;50; ALP &lt;5 xULN; bili &lt;1.25 xULN. Patients and/or clinicians choose the OxFp regimen, either FOLFOX (Braun,M BJC 89:1155f, 2003) or capecitabine (Cap) with Ox. Thereafter, randomization is 1:1:1 between: (A) OxFp; (B) OxFp plus weekly C; or (C) Intermittent OxFp. In Arms A and B treatment is given until progression, cumulative toxicity or patient choice, in Arm C it is stopped at 12 wks in stable/responding patients and reintroduced following progression off treatment. Primary endpoint is Overall Survival (OS). The trial aims to recruit 2,421 patients over 3.5 years. Release of this preliminary toxicity data has been approved by the independent Data Monitoring Committee (DMC). Results: 804 patients were randomised between 03/05 and 07/06 and 12 week toxicity is available on approx. 85% of patients. 62% of patients received Ox + cap and 38% received FOLFOX. Grade 3 /4 toxicities (%) in the first 12 weeks by regimen are reported below. Conclusions: The addition of cetuximab to OxFp combinations results in increased grade 3/4 toxicities overall and specifically in GI, skin rash and lethargy. Cap combination is associated with more GI toxicity but less neutropenia. Unexpectedly, no hypersensitivity reactions have yet been seen on FOLFOX (with or without C). [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Human Anthrax
Authors: M. F. Hunt, P. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1955)

A Case of Human AnthraxAnthrax is a comparatively rare disease in this country, although its true incidence is difficult to arrive at in view of the fact that it is not a notifiable disease unless con- tracted at work.The following case is of general interest in view of this comparative rarity and also because of the possibility of an unusual mode of infection.
TCTAP C-229 Acute Coronary Syndrome Due to LAD Myocardial Bridging Treated with Self-expandable Balloon Releasable DES (Stentys X-position): Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography, FFR and IVUS Guided Procedure
Authors: Farhat Fouladvand
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
TCTAP A-084 Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery Versus Drug-Eluting Stents Implantation for Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mineok Chang, Cheol Whan Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Patrick W. Serruys, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Evolving Treatments for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Charlotte Zerna, Janka Hegedus, Michael D. Hill
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

The purpose of this article is to review advances in stroke treatment in the hyperacute period. With recent evolutions of technology in the fields of imaging, thrombectomy devices, and emergency room workflow management, as well as improvement in statistical methods and study design, there have been ground breaking changes in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. We describe how stroke presents as a clinical syndrome and how imaging as the most important biomarker will help differentiate between stroke subtypes and treatment eligibility. The evolution of hyperacute treatment has led to the current standard of care: intravenous thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator and endovascular treatment for proximal vessel occlusion in the anterior cerebral circulation. All patients with acute ischemic stroke are in need of hyperacute secondary prevention because the risk of recurrence is highest closest to the index event. The dominant themes of modern stroke care are the use of neurovascular imaging and speed of diagnosis and treatment.
The trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of psychological trauma: intrusive memories and beyond
Authors: Ella L. James, Alex Lau-Zhu, Ian A. Clark, Renée M. Visser, Muriel A. Hagenaars, Emily A. Holmes
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (2016)

A better understanding of psychological trauma is fundamental to clinical psychology. Following traumatic event(s), a clinically significant number of people develop symptoms, including those of Acute Stress Disorder and/or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. The trauma film paradigm offers an experimental psychopathology model to study both exposure and reactions to psychological trauma, including the hallmark symptom of intrusive memories. We reviewed 74 articles that have used this paradigm since the earliest review (Holmes & Bourne, 2008) until July 2014. Highlighting the different stages of trauma processing, i.e. pre-, peri- and post-trauma, the studies are divided according to manipulations before, during and after film viewing, for experimental as well as correlational designs. While the majority of studies focussed on the frequency of intrusive memories, other reactions to trauma were also modelled. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the trauma film paradigm as an experimental psychopathology model of trauma, consider ethical issues, and suggest future directions. By understanding the basic mechanisms underlying trauma symptom development, we can begin to translate findings from the laboratory to the clinic, test innovative science-driven interventions, and in the future reduce the debilitating effects of psychopathology following stressful and/or traumatic events.
Quality Improvement Project: Opportunities for Improvement
Authors: Nora M. Hansen, Sally Anne Scherer, Seema Khan
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

The management of patients with breast cancer has become very complex, and a multidisciplinary approach is paramount to optimal treatment. A multidisciplinary approach requires timely coordination among the varied disciplines involved in patient care, and timely intervention has been shown to lead to better outcomes. To evaluate some of the key processes in providing timely multidisciplinary care, NCCN awarded grants to institutions to evaluate opportunities for improvement in breast cancer care. This article reports on the opportunities for improvement project at Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University.
HIPPO–Integrin-linked Kinase Cross-Talk Controls Self-Sustaining Proliferation and Survival in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Tatiana V. Kudryashova, Dmitry A. Goncharov, Andressa Pena, Neil Kelly, Rebecca Vanderpool, Jeff Baust, Ahasanul Kobir, William Shufesky, Ana L. Mora, Adrian E. Morelli, Jing Zhao, Kaori Ihida-Stansbury, Baojun Chang, Horace DeLisser, Rubin M. Tuder, Steven M. Kawut, Herman H. W. Silljé, Steven Shapiro, Yutong Zhao, Elena A. Goncharova
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Enhanced proliferation and impaired apoptosis of pulmonary arterial vascular smooth muscle cells (PAVSMCs) are key pathophysiologic components of pulmonary vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).
Status of Minimal Residual Disease Determines Outcome of Autologous HSCT in Adults with High-Risk Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.
Authors: Sebastian Giebel, Beata Stella-Holowiecka, Malgorzata Krawczyk-Kulis, Nicola Goekbuget, Dieter Hoelzer, Michael Doubek, Jiri Mayer, Beata Piatkowska-Jakubas, Aleksander Skotnicki, Herve Dombret, Josep-Maria Ribera, Pier Paolo Piccaluga, Tomasz Czerw, Maria Sadus-Wojciechowska, Slawomira Kyrcz-Krzemien, Jerzy Holowiecki
Journal: Blood (2009)
Transsynaptic Modulation of Kainate Receptor Functions by C1q-like Proteins
Authors: Keiko Matsuda, Timotheus Budisantoso, Nikolaos Mitakidis, Yuki Sugaya, Eriko Miura, Wataru Kakegawa, Miwako Yamasaki, Kohtarou Konno, Motokazu Uchigashima, Manabu Abe, Izumi Watanabe, Masanobu Kano, Masahiko Watanabe, Kenji Sakimura, A. Radu Aricescu, Michisuke Yuzaki
Journal: Neuron (2016)
Grand Rounds
Authors: David Isaacs, Stephen Isaacs, Dominic Fitzgerald
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The main purpose of Grand Rounds is self aggrandisement. Grand Rounds are held weekly, or weakly, depending on the presenter. To medical students who ask sceptically why they are called Grand Rounds, the answer is because Grand Rounds sounds better than Petit Rounds. 

Grand Rounds used to be called ye Grande Olde Rounds. They were immortalised in the nursery rhyme: 

Ye Grande Olde Rounds of Yore 

They had ten thousand slides 

They took them up to the carousel 

And they dropped them on their sides. 

Now when they were down they were up 

And when they were not it was Hell, 

And with Grande Rounds almost halfway through 

They jammed the carousel. 

The modern presenter thinks a carousel is a merry-go-round, and is only worried that his or her carefully prepared and saved PowerPoint presentation has disappeared into the electronic ether. 

The chair of Grand Rounds is in a position of great power. The chair can influence the whole tenor of the weekly meeting. The chair is traditionally the oldest, most esteemed, most senior member of staff, and the person most likely to fall asleep throughout the meeting. 

A clinical case or two is presented at each Grand Rounds. The presenter is the most junior member of the medical team. Tradition dictates that the junior member has never met the patient but has been told to present the case by the consultant. It is considered character building to stand up in front of several hundred senior colleagues and expose yourself to ridicule. It is considered irrelevant that the character thus built will be a nervous wreck for the remainder of his or her medical career. 

The presented case is then masticated, ruminated on, digested, and regurgitated by senior doctors. It is considered bad form for them to prepare for their pontifications, which tradition dictates are lengthy, liberally strewn with anecdotes, and evidence-free. The end result is a hallowed form of verbal swordplay with your colleagues, in which you score palpable hits as you exhibit your own knowledge and clinical acumen while denigrating those of your colleagues. This should be done subtly and with finesse, so that the character assassination is not immediately apparent—the thrust and parry of epee rather than the coup de sabre. 

At the end of the Grand Rounds, the chair wakes up and asks for a grand round of applause to wake up the rest of the audience.
APRIL and BCMA promote human multiple myeloma growth and immunosuppression in the bone marrow microenvironment
Authors: Yu-Tzu Tai, Chirag Acharya, Gang An, Michele Moschetta, Mike Y. Zhong, Xiaoyan Feng, Michele Cea, Antonia Cagnetta, Kenneth Wen, Hans van Eenennaam, Andrea van Elsas, Lugui Qiu, Paul Richardson, Nikhil Munshi, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2016)
TCTAP C-249 Chronic Total Occlusion PCI in a Pregnant Patient with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Abdul Raqib Abdul Ghani, Kamaraj Selvaraj, Abd Kahar Bin Abd Ghapar, Abdul Muizz Bin Abd Malek, Annamalar Muthu Muthuppalaniappan, Choy Chun Ngok
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Mind-Body Program Helps Back Pain but Not Function
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Robust Nucleus/Cell Detection and Segmentation in Digital Pathology and Microscopy Images: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Fuyong Xing, Lin Yang
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2016)

Digital pathology and microscopy image analysis is widely used for comprehensive studies of cell morphology or tissue structure. Manual assessment is labor intensive and prone to interobserver variations. Computer-aided methods, which can significantly improve the objectivity and reproducibility, have attracted a great deal of interest in recent literature. Among the pipeline of building a computer-aided diagnosis system, nucleus or cell detection and segmentation play a very important role to describe the molecular morphological information. In the past few decades, many efforts have been devoted to automated nucleus/cell detection and segmentation. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the recent state-of-the-art nucleus/cell segmentation approaches on different types of microscopy images including bright-field, phase-contrast, differential interference contrast, fluorescence, and electron microscopies. In addition, we discuss the challenges for the current methods and the potential future work of nucleus/cell detection and segmentation.
Spotlight on measles 2010: A cluster of measles in a hospital setting in Slovenia, March 2010
Authors: M Grgic-Vitek, T Frelih, V Ucakar, K Prosenc, J Tomažič, M Petrovec, A Kraigher
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

After ten years of being measles free, Slovenia experienced a cluster with secondary transmission in a hospital setting in March 2010. The index case, a resident of Ireland, was hospitalised on the day after his arrival to Slovenia and diagnosed with measles two days later. After his discharge, two cases of measles were notified, a hospital staff member and a visitor to the clinic, suggesting transmission in a hospital setting.
Aortocoronary Saphenous-Vein–Graft Aneurysms
Authors: Artur Wojciechowski, Pawel Skowronek
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 78-year-old woman who had undergone coronary aortic bypass surgery 30 years earlier presented to the ED with shortness of breath and fatigue. Chest radiography revealed a mediastinal, hilar mass lesion on the left side.
A phase I study of a novel, trinuclear, platinum analogue, BBR3464, in patients with advanced solid tumors
Authors: PM Calvert, Highley, AN Hughes, ER Plummer, Ast Azzabi, MW Verrill, MG Camboni, E Verdi, A Bernareggi, M Zucchetti, AM Robinson, J Carmichael, AH Calvert
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (1999)
Case 11-1991
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Alan M. Sugar, Andrew E. Rosenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Presentation of CaseA 65-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a question of a lung abscess.There was a 100—pack-year history of cigarette smoking, with the development of symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient was well in other respects until seven months before entry, when he was admitted to another hospital because of pneumonia with exacerbation of the symptoms of his pulmonary disease. Cefazolin and gentamicin were administered, followed by a four-week course of clindamycin by vein, with ciprofloxacin and prednisone by mouth; protracted ventilatory support was required. The patient finally recovered and ceased to . . .
TCTAP A-020 Pre-Infarction Angina and In-Hospital Outcome of Patients with Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated with Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Khaled Mandour, Mohamed Mandour, Diaa El Menshawy, Tarek Naguib, Ahmed El Zaiat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Phase II study of bevacizumab (BEV), temozolomide (TMZ), and hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (HFSRT) for newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM).
Authors: A. M. Omuro, K. Beal, S. Karimi, T. A. Chan, K. Panageas, L. Nayak, B. Seko, L. M. DeAngelis, L. E. Abrey, P. H. Gutin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

2036 Background: Preclinical data suggest BEV may sensitize tumor endothelia to RT and disrupt vascular niches harboring cancer stem cells. Due to radioprotective effects, BEV also allows for more aggressive RT schedules. In our previous phase II trial of BEV and HFSRT in recurrent GBM, the 6-m progression-free survival (PFS) was 65%, and 1y overall survival (OS) was 54%. Encouraged by these results, we initiated a phase II study in newly diagnosed GBM utilizing HFSRT, BEV and TMZ. Methods: Pts with newly diagnosed GBM and tumor volume under 60cc were eligible. Treatment consisted of HFSRT (6 treatments over 2 weeks: 6x6 Gy to contrast-enhancing tumor and 6×4 Gy to FLAIR hypersignal, with dose painting), concomitant with BEV (10 mg/kg days 1 and 15) and TMZ (75 mg/m2 daily), followed by adjuvant BEV (10 mg/kg every 2 weeks) and TMZ (150-200 mg/m2 in 5/28 days). Correlative studies include neuropsychological evaluation, perfusion MRI, analysis of circulating angiogenic factors, bone marrow-derived hematopoietic/endothelial progenitor cells, tumor MGMT promoter methylation and expression of hypoxia/angiogenesis-related factors. Primary endpoint is 1-year OS (single-stage binomial design, n = 40 planned). Results: To date, 30 pts have been enrolled, and 25 have started treatment (11 women; median age: 55 y; median KPS: 90). MGMT promoter was methylated in 5 pts, unmethylated in 14, not available in 6. Grades 3 and 4 toxicities were lymphopenia (3 pts), platelets (3), hemoglobin (1), neutrophils (2), bilirubin (1), ALT (2), pulmonary embolism (1) and thrombotic microangiopathy/renal failure (1). With a median followup of 30 weeks, the 6m- PFS was 87% (95% CI 64-97%); median PFS was 37 weeks; no patient has experienced pseudo progression or radionecrosis. Among evaluable pts (n = 13), a complete response has been observed in 2 pts and partial response in 8; disease was stable in 3 pts. Conclusions: This treatment is safe, more convenient for patients and is associated with a significant decrease in the rate of pseudo progression, despite the hypofractionated RT schedule. PFS has been superior to standard treatment, but longer followup is needed for evaluation of OS. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech Genentech Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Schering-Plough
Association between domestic water hardness, chlorine, and atopic dermatitis risk in early life: A population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Michael R. Perkin, Joanna Craven, Kirsty Logan, David Strachan, Tom Marrs, Suzana Radulovic, Linda E. Campbell, Stephanie F. MacCallum, W.H. Irwin McLean, Gideon Lack, Carsten Flohr, Louise Young, Victoria Offord, Mary DeSousa, Jason Cullen, Katherine Taylor, Anna Tseng, Bunmi Raji, Sarah Nesbeth, Gillian Regis, Charlie Bigwood, Charlotte Stedman, Sharon Tonner, Emily Banks, Yasmin Kahnum, Rachel Babic, Ben Stockwell, Erin Thompson, Lorna Wheatley, Devi Patkunam, Kerry Richards, Ewa Pietraszewicz, Alick Stephens, Asha Sudra, Victor Turcanu
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
PWE-070 Initial experience of thiopurine metabolite measurements in the management of ibd in edinburgh
Authors: P Singh, CL Noble, AG Shand, ID Arnott, CW Lees, J Satsangi, NA Kennedy
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Thiopurine metabolites 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6TGN) and 6-methylmercaptopurine (6MMPN) are end products of thiopurine metabolism which are linked to thiopurine efficacy and increased risk of hepatotoxicity respectively. Variation in metabolism amongst individuals leads to differences in metabolite levels among patients. Thiopurine metabolite testing is used as a tool to guide thiopurine dosing based on metabolite concentrations with the aim of improving disease control and reducing drug related toxicity.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Method</h3> Patients within NHS Lothian who had thiopurine metabolite tests for IBD between January 2011 and February 2013 were identified. Electronic patient records and case notes were reviewed retrospectively to determine metabolite test indication, changes to therapy post-metabolite testing and subsequent clinical outcomes. An improvement in outcome encompassed improved disease control, improved adherence, reduced adverse drug effects and a decision to escalate to other therapies where this was motivated by knowledge of adequate 6TGN concentration. <h3>Results</h3> 159 patients who had thiopurine metabolite testing were studied after 44 exclusions. Test indication was lack of efficacy in 117 patients (73.6%), adverse effects in 6 (3.8%), combination of inefficacy and adverse effects in 3 (1.9%) and routine monitoring in 33 (22.8%). Fifty-eight (49.6%) of those tested for inefficacy, 3 (50.0%) in the adverse reaction group and 3 (10.7%) who were routinely monitored showed improved clinical outcomes related to their testing. Addition of allopurinol in 13 patients who were deemed thiopurine shunters led to marked increased in 6TGN concentrations and reduction in those of 6MMPN. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Thiopurine metabolite testing is of significant clinical benefit in patients showing inefficacious response to thiopurines and those with low 6TGN concentrations. It is also useful in detecting non-adherence to therapy. Thiopurine and allopurinol co-therapy results in marked increase in 6TGN concentrations and improved patient outcomes. This study does not show clear benefits for routine testing of metabolites. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Gearry RB, Barclay ML. Azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine pharmacogenetics and metabolite monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease. <i>J Gastroenterol Hepatol</i>. 2005;20(8):1149–57 Sparrow MP, Hande SA, Friedman S, Cao D, Hanauer SB. Effect of allopurinol on clinical outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease nonresponders to azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine. <i>Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol</i>. 2007;5(2):209–14 Kennedy NA, Asser TL, Mountifield RE, Doogue MP, Andrews JM, Bampton PA. Thiopurine metabolite measurement leads to changes in management of inflammatory bowel disease. <i>Intern Med J</i>. 2013;43(3):278–86