tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exosomes from Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Stimulate Angiogenesis Via EMMPRIN
Authors: Krijn R. Vrijsen, Janita A. Maring, Steven A. J. Chamuleau, Vera Verhage, Emma A. Mol, Janine C. Deddens, Corina H. G. Metz, Kirsten Lodder, Esther C. M. van Eeuwijk, Susan M. van Dommelen, Pieter A. Doevendans, Anke M. Smits, Marie‐José Goumans, Joost P. G. Sluijter
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

To date, cellular transplantation therapy has not yet fulfilled its high expectations for cardiac repair. A major limiting factor is lack of long‐term engraftment of the transplanted cells. Interestingly, transplanted cells can positively affect their environment via secreted paracrine factors, among which are extracellular vesicles, including exosomes: small bi‐lipid‐layered vesicles containing proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs. An exosome‐based therapy will therefore relay a plethora of effects, without some of the limiting factors of cell therapy. Since cardiomyocyte progenitor cells (CMPC) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) induce vessel formation and are frequently investigated for cardiac‐related therapies, the pro‐angiogenic properties of CMPC and MSC‐derived exosome‐like vesicles are investigated. Both cell types secrete exosome‐like vesicles, which are efficiently taken up by endothelial cells. Endothelial cell migration and vessel formation are stimulated by these exosomes in in vitro models, mediated via ERK/Akt‐signaling. Additionally, these exosomes stimulated blood vessel formation into matrigel plugs. Analysis of pro‐angiogenic factors revealed high levels of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN). Knockdown of EMMPRIN on CMPCs leads to a diminished pro‐angiogenic effect, both in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, CMPC and MSC exosomes have powerful pro‐angiogenic effects, and this effect is largely mediated via the presence of EMMPRIN on exosomes.
Performance and Validation of a Novel Biomarker-Based Stroke Risk Score for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jonas Oldgren, Ziad Hijazi, Johan Lindbäck, John H. Alexander, Stuart J. Connolly, John W. Eikelboom, Michael D. Ezekowitz, Christopher B. Granger, Elaine M. Hylek, Renato D. Lopes, Agneta Siegbahn, Salim Yusuf, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Atrial fibrillation is associated with increased but variable risk of stroke. Our aim was to validate the recently developed biomarker-based ABC (age, biomarkers [high-sensitivity troponin and N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide], and clinical history of prior stroke/transient ischemic attack)-stroke risk score and compare its performance with the CHA2DS2VASc and ATRIA (Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation) risk scores.The ABC-stroke score includes age, biomarkers (N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin), and clinical history (prior stroke). This validation was based on 8356 patients, 16 137 person-years of follow-up, and 219 adjudicated stroke or systemic embolic events in anticoagulated patients with atrial fibrillation in the RE-LY study (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy). Levels of N-terminal fragment B-type natriuretic peptide, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), and high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) were determined in plasma samples obtained at study entry.The ABC-stroke score was well calibrated with 0.76 stroke/systemic embolic events per 100 person-years in the predefined low (<1%/y) risk group, 1.48 in the medium (1%-2%/y) risk group, and 2.60 in the high (>2%/y) risk group for the ABC-stroke score with hs-cTnT. Hazard ratios for stroke/systemic embolic events were 1.95 for medium- versus low-risk groups, and 3.44 for high- versus low-risk groups. ABC-stroke score achieved C indices of 0.65 with both hs-cTnT and hs-cTnI, in comparison with 0.60 for CHA2DS2VASc (P=0.004 for hs-cTnT and P=0.022 hs-cTnI) and 0.61 for ATRIA scores (P=0.005 hs-cTnT and P=0.034 for hs-cTnI).The biomarker-based ABC-stroke score was well calibrated and consistently performed better than both the CHA2DS2VASc and ATRIA stroke scores. The ABC score should be considered an improved decision support tool in the care of patients with atrial fibrillation.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifiers: ARISTOTLE, NCT00412984; RE-LY, NCT00262600.
Pain and Physical Function Following Bariatric Surgery—Reply
Authors: Wendy C. King, Jia-Yuh Chen, Steven H. Belle
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Not All High-Dose Opioid Users are Addicts—Reply
Authors: Mitchell H. Katz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Controversial Practices in Allergy
Authors: Michael H. Grieco
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The clinical practice of modern allergy has a sound foundation in a scientific understanding of the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity disorders. However, several practices continue to be regarded as controversial. Controlled studies have failed to establish the effectiveness of intracutaneous or low-level modified radioallergosorbent titration as a guide to immunotherapy. In addition, controlled studies do not support the clinical usefulness of provocative subcutaneous or sublingual testing procedures of the leukocytotoxicity assay for the diagnosis of food allergy. Food additives have not been clearly shown to influence hyperkinesis, and autogenous urine immunotherapy is without supporting evidence of effectiveness and is potentially harmful. Since allergic diseases are common and the economic impact of medical care for these patients is great, it is important for physicians to understand the basis for these procedures and to advise patients accordingly.
T-Lymphocyte Subsets in Intravenous Drug Users With HIV-1 Infection-Reply
Authors: Joseph B. Margolick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

In Reply.  —Dr Winkelstein raises the possibility of selection bias in our analysis of CD4 lymphocyte decline in the ALIVE cohort of IVDUs. This bias must always be a serious concern in any longitudinal study; for this reason and because the decline in CD4 lymphocytes in our cohort of IVDUs was lower than that reported by others, we looked for evidence of significant bias in our original analysis, as Winkelstein notes. However, we did not find such evidence, and we concluded that while the possibility of selection bias could not be completely excluded, a large bias did not appear likely, for the reasons already stated. We have recently updated the analysis of CD4 lymphocyte changes in our cohort based on an additional year of follow-up. Eighteen-month follow-up data are now available for 537 (85.7%) of the 627 cohort members, and the median rate of CD4 lymphocyte change is -7.4/μL per
Abstract 1284: Analysis of the immune suppression mechanism in extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Satoshi Wada, Mariko Tsukagoshi, Akira Watanabe, Norio Kubo, Kenichiro Araki, Hideki Suzuki, Hiroyuki Kuwano
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction Extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC) has not been improved with the five-year survival rate for more than 10 years, which is a refractory cancer of poor prognosis. Development of novel therapeutic agents has been desired, because the standard chemotherapy has not been established yet. Anti-tumor immunotherapy is expected for less burden on the patient in recent years. However, it is limited by multiple tolerogenic mechanisms related to the tumor, the host immune system, and the tumor microenvironment. Therefore satisfactory results are not obtained in the clinical trials for several vaccinations. In this experiment, we focused on negative co-signaling molecules, especially immune checkpoints. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the expression of immune checkpoints and clinico-pathological findings, including prognosis in EHCC patients. Patients and specimens We enrolled 81 patients (56 men and 25 women; age range: 36-84 years) with EHCC who underwent curative resection with lymphadenectomy at Gunma University Hospital and Saiseikai Maebashi Hospital (Maebashi, Japan) between 2000 and 2011. Patients who had undergone palliative resection, preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy were excluded from this study. Furthermore, none of the patients enrolled in this study had synchronous or metachronous cancer in other organs. Results Immunohistochemical staining of immune checkpoints in primary EHCC tissue was performed. Patients with high B7-H4 expression had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with low B7-H4 expression. However, it was not seen in B7-H3 expression in this experiment. Furthermore, in analysis for the expression of CD8, IFN-γ and FOXP3, patients with high FOXP3 expression had a significantly poorer prognosis than those with low FOXP3 expression. Conclusion The B7-H4 is a negative co-stimulatory molecule and a novel prognostic marker related to the T-cell mediated immune response. It's pathway may be a molecular target for controlling tumor progression in patients with EHCC. Citation Format: Satoshi Wada, Mariko Tsukagoshi, Akira Watanabe, Norio Kubo, Kenichiro Araki, Hideki Suzuki, Hiroyuki Kuwano. Analysis of the immune suppression mechanism in extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1284. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1284
Multivariate Analyses of the Clinical and Molecular Parameters Associated with Efficacy and Safety in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Ph+ ALL) Treated with Ponatinib in the PACE Trial
Authors: Michael J. Mauro, Jorge E. Cortes, Dong-Wook Kim, Javier Pinilla-Ibarz, Philipp le Coutre, Ronald Paquette, Charles Chuah, Franck E. Nicolini, Jane Apperley, H. Jean Khoury, Moshe Talpaz, John F. DiPersio, Daniel J DeAngelo, Elisabetta Abruzzese, Delphine Rea, Michele Baccarani, Martin C Muller, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini, Stephane Wong, David J. Dorer, Ronald Keith Knickerbocker, Victor M. Rivera, Tim Clackson, Christopher D. Turner, Frank G Haluska, Francois Guilhot, Michael W. Deininger, Andreas Hochhaus, Timothy Hughes, John M Goldman, Neil Shah, Hagop M. Kantarjian
Journal: Blood (2012)
Level of Fecal Calprotectin Correlates With Severity of Small Bowel Crohn’s Disease, Measured by Balloon-assisted Enteroscopy and Computed Tomography Enterography
Authors: Tsunetaka Arai, Ken Takeuchi, Miyuki Miyamura, Rumiko Ishikawa, Akihiro Yamada, Masao Katsumata, Yoshinori Igarashi, Yasuo Suzuki
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Long‐term bosutinib for chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia after failure of imatinib plus dasatinib and/or nilotinib
Authors: Jorge E. Cortes, Hanna J. Khoury, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jeff H. Lipton, Dong‐Wook Kim, Philippe Schafhausen, Ewa Matczak, Eric Leip, Kay Noonan, Tim H. Brümmendorf, Carlo Gambacorti‐Passerini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Bosutinib is an Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) indicated for adults with Ph+ chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) resistant/intolerant to prior TKIs. This long‐term update of an ongoing phase 1/2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of third‐/fourth‐line bosutinib in adults with chronic phase (CP) CML. Median durations of treatment and follow‐up were 8.6 (range, 0.2–87.7) months and 32.7 (0.3–93.3) months, respectively. Cumulative confirmed complete hematologic response (cCHR) and major cytogenetic response (MCyR) rates were 74% (95% CI, 65–81%) and 40% (31–50%), respectively; Kaplan–Meier (K–M) probability of maintaining cCHR or MCyR at 4 years was 63% (95% CI, 50–73%) and 69% (52–81%). Cumulative incidence of on‐treatment disease progression (PD)/death at 4 years was 24% (95% CI, 17–33%); K–M 4‐year overall survival was 78% (68–85%). Baseline Ph+ cells ≤35 vs. ≥95% was prognostic of MCyR and CCyR by 3 and 6 months, increased baseline basophils was prognostic of PD/death, and no prior response to second‐line TKI was prognostic of death. Common adverse events included diarrhea (83%), nausea (48%), vomiting (38%), and thrombocytopenia (39%). Bosutinib demonstrates durable efficacy and a toxicity profile similar to previous bosutinib studies in CP CML patients resistant/intolerant to multiple TKIs, representing an important treatment option for patients in this setting. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00261846). Am. J. Hematol. 91:1206–1214, 2016. © 2017 The Authors American Journal of Hematology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Orthopaedic surgeons and geriatricians “must collaborate” to improve hip fracture care
Authors: Jacqui Thornton
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A major audit of hip fracture surgery and follow-up care published by the Royal College of Physicians shows that not all patients receive properly planned rehabilitation from a multidisciplinary team.1

Guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommend that patients are treated as part of a “hip fracture programme” with collaboration between orthopaedic surgeons and geriatricians.2

The Royal College of Physicians’ 2016 audit report looked at data on the care received by 64 864 people with hip fractures at 177 hospitals in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland during 2015.1 The data were derived from the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD), …
Investigation of risk factors associated with fatigue in glioma patients.
Authors: Elizabeth Vera, Michael E. Scheurer, Renke Zhou, Alvina A. Acquaye, Catherine M Sullaway, Ann M. Berger, Ghislain Breton, Anita Mahajan, Jeffrey Scott Wefel, Mark R. Gilbert, Terri S. Armstrong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

2018 Background: Fatigue is a consistently reported severe symptom among patients with gliomas throughout the disease trajectory. Clinical variables and genomic pathways associated with fatigue in glioma patients have yet to be identified. Methods: Glioma patients undergoing neuropsychological evaluation at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center with available fatigue and genotyping data were included in this analysis. Clinical factors (performance status, tumor details, age, gender) were collected by chart review. Ratings on the FACT-BR item “I have a lack of energy” were taken within one year of diagnosis. A rating of 3 or 4 defined moderate/severe fatigue. Candidate genes in clock and inflammatory pathways associated with fatigue were identified from literature review. Seventy single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 7 genes were available for study. Clinical factors and SNPs identified by univariate analyses were included in a multivariate logistic regression model with backward selection for moderate/severe fatigue. Results: The study included 136 patients (median age=48, 70% males). Moderate/Severe fatigue was reported by 36%. A final model identified gender, performance status and SNPs rs2253820 and rs934945 as risk factors for moderate/severe fatigue. Female patients and patients with poor KPS were more likely to report fatigue. Each minor allele present for rs2253820 or rs934945 decreased odds of fatigue. These SNPs encode per1 and per2 genes, respectively, two important players of the circadian clock mechanism. No genes in the inflammatory pathway were associated with fatigue in the current study. Conclusions: Identifying patients at highest risk for fatigue during treatment allows for improved clinical monitoring and enrichment of patient selection for clinical trials. Clinical factors and SNPs on risk of moderate/severe fatigue in glioma patients (N=136)1 Factor Β S.E.2 OR3 95% CI4 Gender Female 0.82 0.41 2.28 (1.02, 5.12) Male 1 Karnofsky Performance Status Poor (≤80) 1.37 0.54 3.95 (1.37, 11.42) Good (≥90) 1 SNPs5 rs2253820 -0.79 0.40 0.46 (0.21, 1.01) rs934945 -0.88 0.42 0.42 (0.18, 1.00) 1Logistic regression with backward selection at p<0.05 level; 2Standard Error; 3Odds Ratio; 4Confidence Interval; 5Additive model.
Detailed Molecular Analysis of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Carrying 17p Deletions Reveals Concurrent Abnormalities with Prognostic Impact
Authors: Julio Delgado, Itziar Salaverría, Eriong Lee, Laura Jiménez, Alba Navarro, Dolors Colomer, Ivan Dlouhy, Laura Conde, Alejandra Martinez-Trillos, Cristina Lopez, Neus Villamor, Marta Aymerich, María Rozman, Eva Giné, Dolors Costa, Anna Carrió, Armando López-Guillermo, Elías Campo, Sílvia Beà
Journal: Blood (2012)
A practical guide to assess the Nancy histological index for UC
Authors: Aude Marchal-Bressenot, Alexis Scherl, Julia Salleron, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: Gut (2016)

Recently, we published the first validated index to assess histological disease activity in UC.1 We believe that some clarifications have to be made regarding the assessment of this index in both clinical practice and clinical trials. Three histological criteria have to be assessed.

The first criterion is the presence of mucosal ulceration defined by the loss of colonic crypts replaced with ‘immature’ granulation tissue (defined as disorganised blood vessels with extravasated neutrophils) or the presence of fibrinopurulent exudate. The presence of only epithelial stripping should not be considered as ulceration. ‘Ulceration’ (grade 4 of the Nancy index corresponding to severely active disease) is simply defined by the presence or absence of this criterion on biopsy specimen (figure 1A, B).



Figure 1 
(A) Ulceration of colonic mucosa with inflamed granulation …
Visual Circuits for Direction Selectivity
Authors: Alex S. Mauss, Anna Vlasits, Alexander Borst, Marla Feller
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2017)

Images projected onto the retina of an animal eye are rarely still. Instead, they usually contain motion signals originating either from moving objects or from retinal slip caused by self-motion. Accordingly, motion signals tell the animal in which direction a predator, prey, or the animal itself is moving. At the neural level, visual motion detection has been proposed to extract directional information by a delay-and-compare mechanism, representing a classic example of neural computation. Neurons responding selectively to motion in one but not in the other direction have been identified in many systems, most prominently in the mammalian retina and the fly optic lobe. Technological advances have now allowed researchers to characterize these neurons' upstream circuits in exquisite detail. Focusing on these upstream circuits, we review and compare recent progress in understanding the mechanisms that generate direction selectivity in the early visual system of mammals and flies.
Who Benefits From a Tumor Bed Boost After Whole-Breast Radiotherapy?
Authors: Laurie W. Cuttino, Charlotte Dai Kubicky
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal