tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gilles de la Tourette syndrome
Authors: Mary M. Robertson, Valsamma Eapen, Harvey S. Singer, Davide Martino, Jeremiah M. Scharf, Peristera Paschou, Veit Roessner, Douglas W. Woods, Marwan Hariz, Carol A. Mathews, Rudi Črnčec, James F. Leckman
Journal: Nature Reviews Disease Primers (2017)
Usefulness of porA sequencing in distinguishing sporadic and linked cases of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease in Suffolk, United Kingdom, December 2009 to January 2010
Authors: A Varadarajan, T Sundkvist, N Jayatilleke, C Williams, S J Gray, A D Carr, E B Kaczmarski
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

A cluster of three fatal cases of invasive meningococcal disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B in a town in Suffolk, United Kingdom, during December 2009 to January 2010 was reported to the local Health Protection Unit. This paper describes the investigation undertaken to identify any potential epidemiological links among the cases, to determine if this was an outbreak and to consider whether to implement community-wide interventions and control measures. Case epidemiological information in addition to serogroup and genosubtyping (porA gene sequencing) data of the infecting organism was gathered on all cases in this reported cluster. Genosubtyping was also retrospectively requested for all serogroup B cases confirmed in Suffolk during 2009. Extensive investigation failed to establish an epidemiological link among the cluster of fatal cases of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease in Suffolk. By demonstrating a number of distinct strains, the genosubtyping of isolates proved to be useful in the public health management of this incident by serving to exclude a community outbreak and preventing unnecessary mass chemoprophylaxis.
Soundings: Who cleans the clogs?
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Surgeons have an image of being control freaks, but today's operating theatres are more democratic than you think. Few of us surgeons enjoy sitting in a circle and sharing our thoughts in an egalitarian way, but then nor do the rest of the team. Each member—nurse, technician, anaesthetist—is proud of his or her role and knows that the rest do not fully understand it.

Nevertheless, most decisions are shared. Patient and surgeon together decide whether an operation is needed. Others in the NHS determine whether it goes ahead and when it can start. Almost the only decision left to the surgeon is to say when it is finished.

How the operation is done is increasingly determined by distant bodies. Centralised packs contain standard instruments. More and more items are disposable. Curiously shaped plastic devices appear, presumably to protect patient or staff. You learn not to ask about the evidence base for these changes. Rules are rules—they have been made by someone else's professional body or by an important sounding committee. Clinical governance means unquestioning obedience.

Despite all the bureaucracy, you feel that nobody is really in charge. When you are called to an unfamiliar theatre the technicians address you as “mate.” On home ground your team may consist of a nurse from an agency, a locum registrar (European working hours, you know), and whichever senior house officer is on that shift. All anonymous in theatre “blues.” Symbols of rank would be discriminatory.

In the changing rooms are bloodstained clogs. It is the same throughout the country, according to an informal survey of colleagues. A distant body has decreed that everyone now cleans their own. Unenforceable, particularly in large operating suites, but hey, it's democratic.

My first job in hospital, as a student clerk in 1968, was cleaning the surgeons' boots. I was supervised by the chief orderly, a former soldier. Clean boots symbolised a well run army and we were proud that our surgeons could expect the same when they entered our theatre.

Why does the passing of this tradition upset me so much? I should be grateful that I am now paid a six figure salary to clean my own boots. And that nobody expects me to care about the others. Not your job, mate.
Daniel Drake
Authors: Robert S. O'Leary
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

ALTHOUGH never far afield from the profession to which he devoted his life Daniel Drake earned a distinction in other endeavors that made him the leading citizen of his adopted city and outstanding among his contemporaries on the western frontier. Pre-eminently a physician, he made his mark as author, editor, educator and public-spirited citizen. He wrote descriptions of medicines and medicinal plants, forests, meteorology and history, as well as a dispassionate analysis of slavery; he taught at six institutions of higher learning, founded two medical schools, a medical journal and a teachers' college and helped establish a lunatic asylum, an . . .
OP0297 Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Knee Bone Shape Predicts Total Knee Replacement: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative: Table 1.
Authors: A. Barr, B. Dube, E. Hensor, S. Kingsbury, G. Peat, L. Sharples, M. Bowes, P.G. Conaghan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> MRI provides more accurate image biomarkers of structural progression than conventional radiography. Active appearance modelling (AAM) enables accurate, 3D quantification of MRIs. Changes in 3D subchondral bone shape are integral to structural progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and are predictive of incident radiographic knee OA. However, the association of 3D subchondral bone shape with total knee replacement (TKR) is unknown. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the relationship between scalar 3D bone shape and TKR. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a nested case-control analysis, within the osteoarthritis initiative (OAI) cohort. Case knees that underwent TKR were matched 1:1 with controls that "survived" the 6 years of follow up, using stratification (propensity) score matching based upon baseline age, gender, BMI category (&lt;24.9, 25-34.9, &gt;35), ipsilateral knee pain severity numeric rating scale, knee side and recruiting centre. Active appearance modelling of the femur, tibia and patella and linear discriminant analyses identified vectors that were best at classifying knees as having OA vs. no OA, scaled such that -1 and +1 represented the mean non-OA and mean OA shapes, respectively. Vector values were compared within matched case-control pairs using paired t-tests and the odds of TKR associated with baseline 3D bone shape were obtained using conditional logistic regression. <h3>Results</h3> Case-control pairs (n=311) of knees were well matched in terms of propensity scores. In cases of TKR the mean baseline 3D bone shape vector was more positive relative to controls, indicating more advanced OA, for the femur [mean 0.98 vs. -0.16; difference (95% CI) 1.14 (0.92,1.37)], tibia [mean 0.86 vs. -0.05; difference (95% CI) 0.90 (0.69,1.12)] and patella [mean 0.95 vs. -0.07; difference (95% CI) 1.02 (0.74,1.31)]. Unadjusted conditional odds ratios (95% CI) for the femur, tibia and patella revealed increased odds of TKR with increasingly positive 3D bone shape vector values (increasing OA structural severity) (Table 1). After adjusting for Kellgren Lawrence (KL) grade in a multivariable analysis, the femur 3D shape vector was independently associated with TKR [OR 1.21 (1.01, 1.45)] with a slight improvement in model fit (AIC) compared with KL grade. <h3>Conclusions</h3> 3D bone shape predicts TKR. Femur shape has the greatest association with TKR. This provides evidence of predictive validity of 3D bone shape and its potential utility in trials of prospective disease modifying OA drugs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Hyperkalemia after Missed Hemodialysis
Authors: Nikoloz Koshkelashvili, Julie Y K Lai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 48-year-old man with a history of end-stage renal disease who had undergone parathyroidectomy owing to tertiary hyperparathyroidism 1 month earlier presented to the ED with weakness and diffuse muscle aches after missing a hemodialysis session.
Duration of Survival in Multiple Myeloma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Manning Feinleib, A.B., Brian MacMahon, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Data on 238 residents of Brooklyn, whose first diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made during 1943–52, were obtained from hospital records. Diagnosis was confirmed by pathologic diagnosis made on autopsy, marrow biopsy, or other biopsy, or by radiologic diagnosis supported by either serum hyperglobulinemia or Bence Jones proteinuria. Follow-up to April 15, 1958, was complete for 95.8 percent (228) of the patients. The life-table method and a modified maximum likelihood method applied to the log-normal distribution were used to analyze survival trends. The median duration of survival for the total series of patients after their first admission to the hospital was 3.5 months. Sixteen percent of the patients survived longer than 18 months after admission and 8 percent survived for 3 years. The median duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was 5 months. Median durations of survival were somewhat longer for females than for males, for younger patients than for older patients, and for patients who had symptoms for more than a year prior to diagnosis than for patients with a shorter duration of symptoms. Negro patients had about the same median and mean durations of survival as white patients. The median duration of survival for Jewish women was more than twice as long as for non-Jewish women. No differences according to religion were noted for males.
AB0645 Dynamic Thiol Disulfide Homeostasis in Behcet's Disease: New and Automatic Method
Authors: G. Yildirim Cetin, A. Balkarli, A. Dogru, E. Tunc, M. Sahin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Oxidative stress may have crucial role in the pathogenesis of BD. Thiol groups are important members of the antioxidants. However there is no automatic colorimetric method for measuring the level of plasma/serum dynamic disulfide level. A new automatic, easy and inexpensive method has been identified to determine the homeostasis of dynamic thiol/disulfide by Erel and Neselioglu (1). Thiol/disulfide balance as a marker of oxidative stress in Behçet9s disease has never been investigated, our study is the first report in this area. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamic thiol disulphide balance in Behçet9s disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty two patients with Behçet disease and 58 age and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Venous blood samples were taken from the patient and control groups into tubes containing EDTA and plasma were separated. Native thiol, total thiol/disulphide levels were studied. Disulphide/native thiol, disulphide/total thiol, native thiol/total thiol ratios were evaluated by using this data. Erel&amp; Neselioglu method, newly defined method of assessing dynamic thiol disulfide balance was used in this study (1). <h3>Results</h3> Mean age was 40.5±10.37 years in the BD and 40±10 years in control group. Native plasma thiol (325,45±48,02 versus 339,15±39,92 p: 0.031), total thiol (359,1±48,41versus 375,95±42,63 p:0.006) and disulphide levels (14,05±8,31versus 17,07±7,17 p:0.019) were significantly lower in patients group compared to healthy controls. Native thiol (273,4±37,1 versus 335,3±46 p: 0.005) and total thiol (326,4±38,21 versus 362,2±47,31 p:0.012) levels were significantly lower in the active Behcet9s disease group compared to the inactive Behcet9s disease group (p-values 0.005 and 0.012). There were significantly negative correlation between the plasma native thiol, total thiol levels and Sedimentation- CRP. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Thiol/disulfide homeostasis has not been studied in Behçet9s disease, our study is the first report in this area. Thiol/disulfide homeostasis may play an important role in the lighting the pathogenesis of Behcet9s disease and be used to assess disease activity and response to treatment. <h3>References</h3> Erel O. Neselioglu S. A novel and automated assay for thiol/disulfide homeostasis. Clin Biochem. 2014. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Tardive dyskinesia in bipolar affective disorder: aging, cognitive dysfunction, course of illness, and exposure to neuroleptics and lithium
Authors: J L Waddington, H A Youssef
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Cognitive function, course of illness, and medication history were assessed in 42 bipolar patients evaluated for the presence of involuntary movements. Among the 25 patients 55 years old or older, the 16 with involuntary movements were not distinguished from the nine without involuntary movements by past or current exposure to neuroleptics, anticholinergics, or carbamazepine, but they showed poorer cognitive function, had fewer major depressive episodes, and had received briefer exposure to lithium. The association between involuntary movements and cognitive dysfunction parallels that found in schizophrenia, suggesting that similar neurological processes may contribute to vulnerability to involuntary movements in the major functional psychoses.
Lithotripsy in the Common Bile Duct Using Ultrasound
Authors: L. Demling, H. Ermert, J.F. Riemann, G. Schmolke, N Heyder
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

In patients with an increased surgical risk, common bile duct stones can be removed with the aid of endoscopic papillotomy. Most stones are either passed spontaneously, or can be drawn out with the Dormia basket. Excessively large stones can first be smashed with the mechanical lithotripter. Some 20% of the stones presenting are, however, too hard to be smashed in this way. A technique was accordingly developed for smashing such bile duct stones using ultrasound. A prerequisite for this technique was the development of an acoustic wave guide that would conduct ultrasound energy even when bent. With this procedure, it will soon be possible to destroy bile duct stones in situ.
Activating Hospitalized Older Patients to Confront the Epidemic of Low Mobility
Authors: S. Ryan Greysen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
US seeks to reduce sodium consumption by one third
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has released draft guidance for the food industry that agency officials say could reduce the daily average intake of sodium in the US by a third.1 The voluntary guidelines apply to processed and packaged foods as well as restaurant foods and would be implemented over a decade.

Currently, the average sodium intake in the United States is 3400 mg/day, most of which comes from processed and prepared foods, not the salt shaker, FDA officials noted. If the proposed guidelines are adopted by the food industry, officials said, it will be possible to reduce US consumption of sodium gradually over 10 years to 2300 mg/day, an amount in line with current federal recommendations for the general …
AB0006 A Genome-Wide Association Study for Methotrexate-Induced Pneumonitis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: J. Bluett, S.-A. Owens, J. Massey, D. Plant, S. Verstappen, A. Barton
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Whilst methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is associated with a rare but potentially life-threatening lung disease, MTX-pneumonitis (MTX-P). Epidemiological studies have provided evidence that MTX-P may be a genetically susceptible disease, supported by the fact that the incidence is much higher in the Japanese population than Europeans. Clinical risk factors are associated with the development of MTX-P; they are however, poorly predictive, there is therefore a need for improved markers of disease susceptibility. To date, only one locus has been associated with MTX-P in the Japanese population (HLA-A 31:01). <h3>Objectives</h3> To undertake a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for MTX-P in RA to identify genetic predictors of this rare adverse event. <h3>Methods</h3> Cases of MTX-P were recruited from a UK-wide multi-centre study. Cases were physician diagnosed MTX-P. Controls were recruited from the Rheumatoid Arthritis Medications Study (RAMS), a multi-centre observational study in the UK. Controls were participants with RA taking MTX for at least 1 year without the development of MTX-P and were age:sex matched 3:1 to cases. <h3>Results</h3> 65 cases and 195 controls were recruited. The study has an 80% power to detect an allele with frequency 0.30 and allelic odds ratio of 3.0. Samples were genotyped on the Illumina HumanCoreExome chip. Following quality control, 62 cases and 172 controls remained with coverage of 236308 SNPs. 48 cases (77%) retrospectively fulfilled either the Carson et al. or Searles et al. unvalidated criteria for MTX-P. 3 SNPs were associated with MTX-P at <i>P&lt;</i>10<sup>-5</sup>, rs6593803 (<i>p</i> =1.85 X 10<sup>-7</sup>, OR =3.13) maps near <i>GJA5</i>, rs9299346 (<i>p</i> =1.76 X 10<sup>-6</sup>, OR =2.76) in <i>GRIN3A</i> and rs1624005 (<i>p</i>=6.54 X 10<sup>-6</sup>, OR =2.59) maps near <i>LRFN5</i>. No SNPs reached genome-wide significance. <h3>Conclusions</h3> 3 SNPs were associated with MTX-P at borderline significance levels. These findings need further corroboration in replication studies. <h3>References</h3> Ann Rheum Dis 2013;72(1):153-5. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
What is the role for adjuvant radiation therapy in advanced Hodgkin's disease?
Authors: P Mauch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.3.815 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9508161 What is the role for adjuvant radiation therapy in advanced Hodgkin's disease? P MauchxP MauchSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.3.815 First Page PDF © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Improving tuberculosis surveillance in Europe is key to controlling the disease
Authors: L D’Ambrosio, R Centis, A Spanevello, G B Migliori
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: Improving tuberculosis surveillance in Europe is key to controlling the disease, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/11/art19513-en-1.gif
Reduction in Ischemic Events With Ticagrelor in Diabetic Patients With Prior Myocardial Infarction in PEGASUS–TIMI 54
Authors: Deepak L. Bhatt, Marc P. Bonaca, Sameer Bansilal, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Marc Cohen, Robert F. Storey, Kyungah Im, Sabina A. Murphy, Peter Held, Eugene Braunwald, Marc S. Sabatine, Ph. Gabriel Steg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
THU0609-HPR Readability of Patient Information and Consent Documents in Rheumatologic Studies Compared to Participants Educational Level
Authors: B. Hamnes, J. Primdahl, Y. van Eijk-Hustings
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Participants in medical research have to give informed consent. They need to be aware of the potential benefits and harms of participating in a study and therefore should receive all relevant information about the purpose, duration, methods, procedures, expected results and planned dissemination of the study. The information should be provided both orally and written. The written information should be clear and easy to understand. There are several standardized instruments to assess the readability of written text such as Gunning9s Fog Index (FOG) and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG). They give an indication of the required reading level for understanding the text. In health literature this level is recommended to range from 5 to 9, representing 5 to 9 years of school. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to investigate whether the readability of patient information and consent documents (PICD) correspond to the average educational level of the participants involved in rheumatological studies in the Netherlands, Denmark and Norway. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a systematic literature search in Pubmed. Studies published during the past ten years, in people with a rheumatic disease aged ≥18 years were sought. If information about the participants9 educational level was presented the first author was asked for patient information materials. Readability of the PICDs was assessed independently by two authors using the FOG and SMOG grading. <h3>Results</h3> In total 25 studies within rheumatology were included, seven from Netherlands, eight from Denmark and ten from Norway. The FOG scores varied from 9-19 and the SMOG scores from 12-17. No PICD in this study satisfied the recommendations with a reading level between 5 and 9 for all parts of the document. One out of 25 PICDs had level 9 for a part of the document. All other documents had readability levels above 9, with the majority between level 11 and 16. In most of the studies at least a part of the participants had less schooling than the required readability level. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The readability level of the PICDs does not match the years of schooling and educational level of the participants in the included studies. PICD in rheumatological studies are written in a language that can be too difficult to understand for the participants, which may result in limited understanding of what they agree to participate in. Although readability only indicates what participants in studies actually understand, the results suggest that there should be more focus on the readability of PICD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Reporting of serious incidents during labour must improve, says college
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Investigations into cases of stillbirth, neonatal death, and severe brain injury occurring during labour at full term must improve, a report by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has said.1

This is the first report of the Each Baby Counts initiative that was launched by the college in October 2014 and aims to halve the number of such cases by 2020.

The review found that 921 such babies were born in the UK in 2015. Of these, 654 (71%) were classified as having severe brain injuries, and there were 147 (16%) early neonatal deaths and 119 (13%) stillbirths.

The review found that of the 610 reports …