tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0293 Patient Priorities for PMR Research: A Primary Care Survey
Authors: S. Hider, C. Morton, S. Muller, J. Belcher, K. Gilbert, M. Bucknall, C. Mallen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Background  Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common inflammatory disorder of older (>50 years) adults, frequently managed in primary care. PMR remains under-researched despite the significant impact this condition has on patient9s quality of life. Existing research is typically focused in secondary care settings and as such may not be generalizable to the wider PMR patient population. The importance of involving patients in research is increasing recognised as best practice, yet to date patient priorities for PMR research have not been examined.  Objectives  To identify patient priorities for PMR research.  Methods  All adults aged ≥50years registered with 150 English general practices who had a first Read code for PMR in their medical records in the preceding 3 years were mailed a self-completion questionnaire (n=704). Survey items included questions on patient demographics and PMR symptoms. Questions regarding patient priorities for PMR research were developed in collaboration with patient members of the leading UK patient group (PMRGCAuk). Patients were asked to indicate what their priorities for research were from a predefined list of 8 items and an additional free-text option.  Results  550 patients responded (78%). The mean (SD) age was 74.2 (8.4) years and 365 (66%) were female. Non-responders did not differ significantly from responders in terms of age (mean age 75 (9.2) vs 74.2 (SD 8.4), p=0.21) or gender (73% vs 66% females, p=0.14).Priorities areas for research were focused on how to manage pain, stiffness and fatigue (440, 80%), improving the diagnosis of PMR (391, 71%), steroid management (341, 62%) and improving self-management (330, 55%). The development of giant cell arteritis (74, 13%), a key concern for clinicians, was the item rated as least important by participants for future research.  Conclusions  Meaningful involvement of patients in the research process is essential if we are to generate evidence that improves outcomes for those suffering with this painful and disabling condition. This survey of PMR patients in primary care suggests that symptom management and managing medication are key areas for patients for future research. Researchers and funding organisations should be aware of these priorities if we to generate research findings that are relevant to the widest range of stakeholders.  Acknowledgement  This abstract presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health.  Disclosure of Interest  None declared
Abstract 11006: Increased Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog Plays a Crucial Role in Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice with Renal Failure
Authors: Hidemi Kajimoto, Hisashi Kai, Hiroki Aoki, Hiroki Uchiwa, Yuji Aoki, Takahiro Anegawa, Tsutomu Imaizumi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background - Endothelial dysfunction plays a role in the mechanisms leading to cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, we showed that endothelial dysfu...
Modifying the Clinical Research Infrastructure at a Dedicated Clinical Trials Unit: Assessment of Trial Development, Activation, and Participant Accrual
Authors: Chad Tang, Kenneth R. Hess, Dwana Sanders, Suzanne E. Davis, Aman U. Buzdar, Razelle Kurzrock, J. Jack Lee, Funda Meric-Bernstam, David S. Hong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Purpose: Information on processes for trials assessing investigational therapeutics is sparse. We assessed the trial development processes within the Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics (ICT) at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) and analyzed their effects on the trial activation timeline and enrolment.Experimental Design: Data were from a prospectively maintained registry that tracks all clinical studies at MD Anderson. From this database, we identified 2,261 activated phase I-III trials; 221 were done at the ICT. ICT trials were matched to trials from other MD Anderson departments by phase, sponsorship, and submission year. Trial performance metrics were compared with paired Wilcoxon signed rank tests.Results: We identified three facets of the ICT research infrastructure: parallel processing of trial approval steps; a physician-led research team; and regular weekly meetings to foster research accountability. Separate analyses were conducted stratified by sponsorship [industry (133 ICT and 133 non-ICT trials) or institutional (68 ICT and 68 non-ICT trials)]. ICT trial development was faster from IRB approval to activation (median difference of 1.1 months for industry-sponsored trials vs. 2.3 months for institutional) and from activation to first enrolment (median difference of 0.3 months for industry vs. 1.2 months for institutional; all matched P < 0.05). ICT trials also accrued more patients (median difference of 8 participants for industry vs. 33.5 for institutional) quicker (median difference 4.8 participants/year for industry vs. 11.1 for institutional; all matched P < 0.05).Conclusions: Use of a clinical research-focused infrastructure within a large academic cancer center was associated with efficient trial development and participant accrual. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1407-13. ©2016 AACR.
Lung cancer, genetic predisposition and smoking: the Nordic Twin Study of Cancer
Authors: Jacob Hjelmborg, Tellervo Korhonen, Klaus Holst, Axel Skytthe, Eero Pukkala, Julia Kutschke, Jennifer R Harris, Lorelei A Mucci, Kaare Christensen, Kamila Czene, Hans-Olov Adami, Thomas Scheike, Jaakko Kaprio
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> We aimed to disentangle genetic and environmental causes in lung cancer while considering smoking status. <h3>Methods</h3> Four Nordic twin cohorts (43 512 monozygotic (MZ) and 71 895 same sex dizygotic (DZ) twin individuals) had smoking data before cancer diagnosis. We used time-to-event analyses accounting for censoring and competing risk of death to estimate incidence, concordance risk and heritability of liability to develop lung cancer by smoking status. <h3>Results</h3> During a median of 28.5 years of follow-up, we recorded 1508 incident lung cancers. Of the 30 MZ and 28 DZ pairs concordant for lung cancer, nearly all were current smokers at baseline and only one concordant pair was seen among never smokers. Among ever smokers, the case-wise concordance of lung cancer, that is the risk before a certain age conditional on lung cancer in the co-twin before that age, was significantly increased compared with the cumulative incidence for both MZ and DZ pairs. This ratio, the relative recurrence risk, significantly decreased by age for MZ but was constant for DZ pairs. Heritability of lung cancer was 0.41 (95% CI 0.26 to 0.56) for currently smoking and 0.37 (95% CI 0.25 to 0.49) for ever smoking pairs. Among smoking discordant pairs, the pairwise HR for lung cancer of the ever smoker twin compared to the never smoker co-twin was 5.4 (95% CI 2.1 to 14.0) in MZ pairs and 5.0 (95% CI 3.2 to 7.9) in DZ pairs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The contribution of familial effects appears to decrease by age. The discordant pair analysis confirms that smoking causes lung cancer.
Mabthera (Rituximab) in the Treatment of 92 Patients with Refractory Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura.
Authors: JRafael Cabrera, F. Javier Penalver, Isabel Millan, Victor Jimenez-Yuste, Manuel Almagro, Alberto Alvarez-Larran, Lluis Rodriguez
Journal: Blood (2004)
Society of Thoracic Surgeons Score Variance Results in Risk Reclassification of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Toby Rogers, Edward Koifman, Nirav Patel, Jiaxiang Gai, Rebecca Torguson, Paul Corso, Ron Waksman
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

This study compares the Society of Thoracic Surgeons scores of patients in 2008/2009 with their recalculated 2015 scores.
Three US states vote to legalize recreational use of marijuana
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Voters in California, Nevada, and Massachusetts have agreed to the legalization of the recreational use of marijuana, joining Colorado, Oregon, and Washington state.

The ballot victories mean that around one in five Americans can now legally use marijuana recreationally. Voters in Arizona rejected the legalization of the drug and, as of Thursday morning, the result in Maine was too close to call.

Arkansas, Florida, and North Dakota voted to legalize the medical use of marijuana, while in Montana voters passed a measure that would loosen restrictions on doctors prescribing the drug.

As well as voting for candidates for federal, state, …
Suicide Attempts Among US Army Soldiers—Reply
Authors: Robert J. Ursano, Ronald C. Kessler, Murray B. Stein
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

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2016 Health Care &amp; Education Presidential Address: If DSME Were a Pill, Would You Prescribe It?
Authors: Margaret A. Powers
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

This address was delivered by Margaret A. Powers, PhD, RD, CDE, President, Health Care &amp; Education, of the American Diabetes Association (ADA), at the ADA’s 76th Scientific Sessions in New Orleans, LA, on 11 June 2016. Dr. Powers conducts research and has a clinical practice as a registered dietitian and diabetes educator at the International Diabetes Center at Park Nicollet in Minneapolis. Her research focuses on improving diabetes outcomes including factors that affect the clinical, psychosocial, and behavioral aspects of diabetes. Dr. Powers has been an ADA volunteer for more than 25 years, including serving as a founding editor of Diabetes Spectrum. She is the lead author of the 2015 joint Position Statement on Diabetes Self-management Education and Support published by the ADA, American Association of Diabetes Educators, and Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. She is the recipient of the ADA's Outstanding Educator in Diabetes Award and has published research, authored numerous articles and chapters, published five books, and is an international presenter. Dr. Powers holds a doctorate in education with a focus on performance improvement from Capella University. She received her Master of Science from the University of Illinois at Chicago and her Bachelor of Science from Michigan State University. She completed her dietetic internship at Cook County Hospital in Chicago.
Disease-Management of Low- and Intermediate-1 Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes: Report on 800 Newly Diagnosed MDS Patients From the European LeukemiaNet MDS Registry
Authors: Louise de Swart, Alex Smith, Pierre Fenaux, Argyris Symeonidis, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Guillermo Sanz, Jaroslav Cermak, Otilia Georgescu, Ulrich Germing, Marius MacKenzie, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Luca Malcovati, Reinhard Stauder, Jackie Droste, David Bowen, Theo de Witte
Journal: Blood (2010)
Novel Bromodomain Inhibitors Suppress Proliferation of Multiple Myeloma Cells
Authors: Eishi Ashihara, Ryoko Oki, Natsuki Imayoshi, Makoto Yoshioka, Jeffrey Strovel, Ayako Honjo, Yumi Sakai, Tetsuya Takada, Jay Chauhan, Mithun Raje, Steven Fletcher, Kazuyuki Takata
Journal: Blood (2015)
Beneficial Effect of Escalated Doses of Busulfan (BU) Delivered by Targeted Pharmacokinetics and Prolonged Continuous Infusion on Relapse Free and Overall Survival in Matched Related and Unrelated Allogeneic Transplant Patients with Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Thomas C. Shea, Christine Walko, Anastasia Ivanova, Julia Whitley, Kamakshi Rao, Don A. Gabriel, Terrance Comeau, James Coghill, Paul M Armistead, Stefanie Sarantopoulos, William A. Wood, Jonathan Serody
Journal: Blood (2011)
Incidence and clinical consequences of distal embolization on the coronary angiogram after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Marieke L. Fokkema, Pieter J. Vlaar, Tone Svilaas, Mathijs Vogelzang, Diny Amo, Gilles F. Diercks, Albert J. Suurmeijer, Felix Zijlstra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
The Hexosamine Biosyntheic Pathway and Platinum-Ethylenedicysteine-Glucosamine (Pt-ECG) for Targeted Therapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Lan V Pham, Jerry Bryant, Archito T. Tamayo, Richard Mendez, Edna Chum, David J Yang, David Rollo, Richard J. Ford
Journal: Blood (2011)
Screening for Colorectal Cancer and Evolving Issues for Physicians and Patients
Authors: David Lieberman, Uri Ladabaum, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Carla Ginsburg, John M. Inadomi, Lawrence S. Kim, Francis M. Giardiello, Richard C. Wender
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening can reduce CRC mortality and incidence, and numerous screening options, although available, complicate informed decision making. This review provides evidence-based tools for primary care physicians to identify patients with higher-than-average-risk and engage patients in informed decision making about CRC screening options.Recently, the US Preventive Services Task Force recommended any of 8 CRC screening approaches for average-risk individuals, beginning at age 50 years. Only 2 methods have been shown in randomized clinical trials to reduce mortality: fecal occult blood testing and flexible sigmoidoscopy. Of the 8 programs, screenings using the fecal immunochemical test annually and colonoscopy every 10 years are now the most commonly used tests in the United States and among the most effective in reducing CRC mortality as determined by decision models. With the exception of primary screening using colonoscopy, all of the other screening approaches have multiple steps. Adherence to each phase of a multistep program is critical to achieving maximal effectiveness of the screening program. It is likely that each of the recommended programs can reduce CRC mortality, but other key outcomes may differ such as lifetime burden of colonoscopy, complications, patient acceptance, and cost. Decisions about the timing of screening cessation should be individualized.CRC screening is effective if patients adhere to the steps in each screening program. There is no evidence that one program is superior to another. Informed decision-making tools are provided to assist patients and clinicians with the goal of improving adherence to effective screening.
PTH-139 Is There Nationwide Variation in the Proportion of Palliative Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Patients Dying in Hospital?
Authors: G Chadwick, D Cromwell
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The DH ‘End of Life Care Strategy’ recommends that patients are treated in familiar surroundings and previous studies have suggested that 56–74% of people would prefer to die at home.<sup>1</sup> This study investigated whether there was nationwide variation in the proportion of palliative oesophago-gastric (OG) cancer patients dying in hospital. <h3>Methods</h3> We used data from the National Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Audit to identify patients diagnosed with OG cancer in England and Wales between 1/4/2011 and 31/3/2013. The study was limited to patients managed with palliative intent who died during follow up. Place of death was identified by linking the data to the ONS death register. The proportions of patients dying in hospital were derived for each strategic clinical networks (SCNs), and were adjusted for regional differences in age, sex, planned modality, and social deprivation. <h3>Results</h3> 22,285 patients were diagnosed with OG cancer, 13,187 were managed with palliative intent and 12,012 of these died during follow up. Overall, 34.6% of patients died in hospital, 34.3% died at home, 18.5% died in a hospice, 10.9% died in a care home and 1.7% died elsewhere. After adjustment, the proportion of patients dying in hospital across SCNs typically fell between 30% and 40% (see Figure 1). The value of 50.9% (95% CI 46.1–56.0%)) for South Wales was large, in comparison. <h3>Conclusion</h3> About one third of OG cancer patients treated palliatively die in hospital, and there was some variation between regions in England and Wales. This needs to be monitored at a local level, and investigated where rates are higher than expected. Differences between regions may reflect local access to hospice services and other social support. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 National Audit Office (2008). End of life care. http://www.nao.org.uk/report/end-of-life-care/ <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Letter by Dixon et al Regarding Article, “Watching Television and Risk of Mortality From Pulmonary Embolism Among Japanese Men and Women: The JACC Study (Japan Collaborative Cohort)”
Authors: Dave L. Dixon, Salvatore Carbone, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2016)

We read with great interest the recent article by Shirakawa et al. 1 In their prospective observational cohort study, they found that television time increased the risk of mortality from pulmonary embolism in those watching ≥2.5 hours per day.It is important to note that the risk doubled in those watching television for ≥5 hours per day.As the authors point out, these findings are consistent with those observed in the Nurse's Health Study, which found that sitting ≥41 hours per week increased the risk of incident pulmonary embolism compared with those who sat for <10 hours. 2 These data further support a strong association with increased risk of venous thromboembolism and increased sitting time.In addition to the observed increased risk of mortality from pulmonary embolism in this study, prolonged sitting time has also been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality and total mortality. 3Moreover, it has been observed that regular exercise does not appear to mitigate this increased risk if these individuals sit for extending periods of time in between short bouts of exercise. 4itting-reducing strategies, such as reallocating sitting time to standing or stepping, have been associated with improved cardiometabolic biomarkers, such as glucose, body mass index, and triglycerides. 5Randomized trials are warranted to further explore the potential impact of such interventions.Although social histories usually include occupation, marital status, use of tobacco and alcohol, exercise, and dietary habits, it is unclear which components are most relevant to clinical decision making.Furthermore, this becomes imperative given the limited face-to-face time many clinicians have with patients in the outpatient clinic setting.It is reasonable, therefore, that we identify those aspects of the social history most associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality to effectively use the time we have with our patients to address issues with the potential to have the greatest impact on health.As such, we advocate asking patients about their structured exercise frequency and duration as well as their sitting time and inactivity.It seems to us that asking patients about their sitting time may be well worth our time.
Co-Infusion of Allogeneic Cord Blood with Haploidentical CD34+ Cells Improved Transplant Outcome for Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Undergoing Cord Blood Transplantation
Authors: Nicole J. Gormley, Jennifer Wilder, Hahn Khuu, Jeremy Pantin, Theresa Donohue, Roger Kurlander, Sawa Ito, Minoo Battiwalla, A. John Barrett, Sophie Grasmeder, Lisa Cook, Catalina Ramos, Patricia Prince, David Stroncek, Willy A. Flegel, Maria Berg, Robert Reger, Charles D. Bolan, Sharon Adams, Richard Childs
Journal: Blood (2011)
OP0142 Methotrexate Use in RA: What 17 Years and 22,621 Patients Can Teach Us
Authors: K. Michaud, S. Pedro
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Methotrexate (MTX) remains the gold standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), yet most recent research refers to it only as a referent or placebo without context of dose or form of administration. <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine the real-world use trends of MTX in the US since 1998. <h3>Methods</h3> Using a large observational cohort, the National Data Bank for Rheumatic Diseases (NDB), we characterized patients with RA who initiated MTX from 1998 through 2015. Baseline characteristics were assessed by MTX administration route, injectable (INJ) and oral (PO), and by mono- vs. concomitant DMARD therapy. Discontinuation, described using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, was defined as either ending MTX or adding another DMARD. Sensitivity analyses were performed with alternative discontinuation definitions. GEE were also used to model change on MTX dose over time. <h3>Results</h3> In our study of 22,621 RA patients, MTX had widespread use with 73.5% ever being exposed, 59.4% using it during our study, and 11.4% initiating without any prior DMARD. The MTX-exposed baseline mean age was 59±13 years, 79% female, and 14±12 years RA duration. Of these, 21% used MTX-INJ and had worse disease severity and higher weekly doses compared to MTX-PO (PAS: INJ 4.1±2.2 vs. PO 3.6±2.2; Dose: INJ 16.2±4.2 vs. PO 13.8±5.5 mg). When initiating MTX, 42.8% took mono-therapy, and concomitant use was split 53/47% on synthetic/biologic DMARDs with trends of being younger, more employed, and more private insurance (34% vs 27% on mono-therapy). Overall median (IQR) survival time after initiating MTX was 2.5 (1–6) years per patient with 24,823 p-yr followup. Sensitivity analysis of discontinuation requiring ending MTX had 8 (2.5-.) years per patient, 38,290 p-yr followup. By route, the median (IQR) survival was 1.5 (0.5–3.5) years for INJ and 2 (1–5.5) years for PO with 16.2% of patients switching between routes. Also, survival was 6 (1.5–…) years for mono-therapy and 3 (1–9) years for concomitant therapy. MTX doses increased by 0.01 (95% CI 0.01 – 0.02) mg/yr/patient with 50% of patients increasing MTX dose a median (IQR) of 5 (2.5–10) mg and 3.3% of patients decreasing their dose. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients who tolerate MTX early tend to use it for several years even while adding concomitant DMARDs. We showed notable differences between patients by MTX route, with trends of increasing dose over time. <h3>Acknowledgement</h3> This study was funded by Pfizer Corp. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared