tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-52: Relentless in the fight against blood cancer: the Leukemia &amp; Lymphoma Society
Authors: Harriet A. Patterson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract WHO WE ARE: The Leukemia &amp; Lymphoma Society (LLS) is the world's largest voluntary health organization dedicated to funding blood cancer research and providing education and patient services. Founded in 1949, we are relentless in pursuit of our mission: Cure leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and myeloma, and improve the quality of life of patients and their families. WHAT WE DO: Investing in blood cancer research: LLS has invested more than $814 million in research, approximately $76.6 million in fiscal year 2011 alone. Programs like the Specialized Center of Research (SCOR), and our Translational Research Program have directly contributed to many breakthrough cancer treatments. Research funded by LLS has led or contributed to advances such as chemotherapy, bone marrow and stem cell transplantation and new, targeted oral therapies. Providing critical information and support for patients and their families: We made 7.1 million contacts with patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals in fiscal year 2011, Advocating for issues impacting blood cancer patients: With more than 56,000 advocacy volunteers throughout the country, our voice is being heard by those responsible for legislation to fund blood cancer research and educational programs. WHY: An estimated 1,012,533 people in the United States are living with, or are in remission from, leukemia, Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma or myeloma.Approximately every four minutes, someone new is diagnosed with blood cancer. Approximately every 10 minutes, someone dies. Leukemia causes more deaths than any other cancer among children, adolescents and young adults under the age of 20. Lymphomas are the most common blood cancers and incidence increases with age. The survival rate for myeloma is only 41.1 percent. Incidence is more than twice as high among African Americans as for all other races. WHO WE SERVE: In addition to our national headquarters in White Plains, NY, we have a network of 59 local chapters across the United States and Canada. Our constituents live in urban, suburban, and rural communities, seek treatment at large comprehensive cancer centers and community clinics, and represent cultures from around the world. We work in partnership with community organizations, treatment centers, and government agencies to deliver quality cancer support services and to reach as many patients as we can in our region. We also work in partnership with other oncology and health organizations to meets the needs of the underserved people within our community. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-52. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-52
Utility of MRI and us for Evaluation of Minor Residual Diseases After Receiving Neoadjuvant Therapies to Breast Cancer
Authors: H. Kido, Y. Kawawa, T. Manabe, Y. Nakajima, E. Iwamoto, H. Tsuda, C. Shimizu, T. Kinoshita, M. Kusumoto, Y. Arai
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
AB0715 Evaluation of patients with elevated sedimentation and crp levels: attention to non-rheumatological diagnoses!
Authors: B. Bitik, M. E. Tezcan, A. Tufan, R. Mercan, A. Kaya, M. A. Ozturk, S. Haznedaroglu, B. Goker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and high C-reactive protein (CRP) are the most commonly used acute phase reactants to detect and follow up disease activity in rheumatology clinics. Besides rheumatic diseases (RD), infections and malignancies are two of the major causes of high ESR and CRP. The diagnosis <i>can</i>be challenging especially in serologically unrevealing patients who have nonspecific clinical findings. These patients often require extensive investigations to identify the condition associated with elevated ESR and CRP levels. <h3>Objectives</h3> In this retrospective study we aimed to determine the definitive diagnosis of undiagnosed and untreated patients with high ESR and CRP. <h3>Methods</h3> Electronic medical records of patients hospitalized in Rheumatology clinic between January 2010 and May 2011 were retrospectively analysed. Patients demographics, the levels of ESR and CRP on the day of hospitalization and definitive diagnoses were recorded. The definitive diagnoses were divided into three groups: (1) newly diagnosed RD; (2) newly diagnosed non-RD; and (3) flare of RD. Non-RD was than subdivided into infections, malignancies and others. <h3>Results</h3> Data were collected on 113 patients (84 female), of whom 32 had a newly diagnosed RD, 39 had non-RD (20 infection, 6 malignancy, 13 others) and 36 had flare of RD. The age, ESR, and hospitalization duration did not differ significantly between the groups. CRP was significantly higher in the infection subgroup than in the RD group (p=0.005). CRP level did not differ significantly between the RD group and malignancy subgroup (p=0.055)<b>[Table 1].</b> The most frequent diagnoses were temporal arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica and seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, respectively in the RD group. Non-RD were infections, malignancies, gastrointestinal diseases and the other causes, respectively <b>[Table 2].</b> <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study, patients with nonspecific clinical findings and high acute phase reactants were more likely to have non-RD compared to newly diagnosed RD. CRP level was significantly higher in infectious diseases than in newly diagnosed RD. Pyhsicians should keep in mind the probability of an infection or a malignancy in patients with high acute phase reactants but no specific clinical findings suggestive of RD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Direct-Vision Coronary Endarterectomy for Angina Pectoris
Authors: William P. Longmire, Jack A. Cannon, Albert A. Kattus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

OF the numerous surgical procedures1 2 3 4 5 6 7 so far designed to increase blood flow to the myocardium in patients with angina pectoris, none have won wide acceptance since conclusive evidence of their therapeutic benefit has been lacking. It seemed to us that the most effective means of increasing myocardial blood flow would be to remove the obstructing atheromatous plugs from the coronary arteries themselves. Experience with peripheral arterial endarterectomy suggested the possibility of a direct surgical approach by this method to occluded coronary arteries. The feasibility of such an operation was supported by both pathologic and experimental observations of one of us . . .
Abstract B22: Oncogenic MCT-1 upregulates EGFR expression through YY1 transcription factor that cooperatively prevents apoptosis
Authors: Tai-Du Lin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Multiple copies in T cell malignancy 1 (MCT-1) is an oncogene initially identified in a human lymphoid cell line. Constitutive expression of MCT-1 induces cell proliferation and activates survival pathways. We now demonstrate that MCT-1 upregulats epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Yin Yang 1 (YY1) proteins. EGFR modulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. EGFR promoter function is modulated by YY1, a ubiquitously expressed, multifunctional zinc-finger transcription factor. By silencing of MCT-1, p53 is upregulated but EGFR and YY1 expressions are depressed. YY1 and EGFR levels are increased when the intrinsic p53 is abolished via shRNA interference, proving their counteraction relationship. Shedding YY1 levels in ectopic MCT-1 context, EGFR expression is repressed but p53 decline is attenuated. Intriguingly, upon NNK (tabacoo carcinogen) exposure advances ROS generation in ectopically expressed MCT-1 and EGFR conditions, but those cells still highly defy to apoptosis. Cooperative effect of MCT-1 and EGFR also more resist to apoptosis as counters with the oxidant in the gas phase of cigarette smoking, H2O2. Hence, MCT-1 inactivates p53 but stimulates YY1-mediated EGFR expression, subsequently prevents the oxidation-induced apoptosis. We prospect that the combination inactivation of MCT-1 and YY1 will undoubtedly develop new and improved targeted therapies for the cancers origin from EGFR deregulation. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):B22.
SP0184 How to ensure quality in exercise groups which are organised by patient organisations
Authors: D. Wiek
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

The growth of the patient organization Deutsche Rheuma-Liga has primarily been based on the fact that it has been possible to offer hydrotherapy and physiotherapy exercise groups for patients with a rheumatic disease. In the state of North Rhine-Westfalia for example about 35.000 patients take part in hydrotherapy exercise groups, about 10.000 in other physiotherapy groups. Volunteers in about 100 local branches organize these therapy groups. How do we enable that the patient gets the right therapy? How is it made possible that the therapists working for us are doing a good job? What is done so that our patients and members but also those who subsidize these therapies are satisfied? These are just some questions that will be answered in the talk "How to ensure quality in exercise groups organized by patients". <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Enhanced CT and FDG PET/CT in Histiocytic Sarcoma of the Pericardium
Authors: Aisheng Dong, Yang Wang, Yong Cui, Changjing Zuo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Histiocytic sarcoma is an extremely rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm of presumed hematopoietic origin. Lymph nodes are the most common sites of involvement. A variety of extranodal sites can be involved, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, skin, and spleen. Radiologic findings of histiocytic sarcoma have been rarely reported. We present a case with histiocytic sarcoma in pericardium, which is an unusual site. Enhanced chest CT showed remarkable enhancement of the tumor. On FDG PET/CT, the tumor showed intense FDG uptake.
A Clinical Trial Comparing Three Antithrombotic-Drug Regimens after Coronary-Artery Stenting
Authors: Martin B. Leon, Donald S. Baim, Jeffrey J. Popma, Paul C. Gordon, Donald E. Cutlip, Kalon K.L. Ho, Alex Giambartolomei, Daniel J. Diver, David M. Lasorda, David O. Williams, Stuart J. Pocock, Richard E. Kuntz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Antithrombotic drugs are used after coronary-artery stenting to prevent stent thrombosis. We compared the efficacy and safety of three antithrombotic-drug regimens — aspirin alone, aspirin and warfarin, and aspirin and ticlopidine — after coronary stenting.
Striving Toward a Cure for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Mark N. Stein, Thomas L. Jang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

death. 11 To illustrate the natural history of prostate cancer relative to various treatments and to assess the response status to different therapies (ie,antiandrogens), a conceptual description of the natural history of prostate cancer referred to as the  states model has been proposed (Fig 1). In this model, the history of a patient's prostate cancer is described as progression through a series of states from diagnosis to death. Each state represents a clinically significant category, and progression from one statetoanother reflects a change in prognosis generally prompting a change in therapy. 12 In the article accompanying this editorial, Penson et al 13 present results of the STRIVE (Safety and Efficacy Study of Enzalutamide Versus Bicalutamide in Men With Prostate Cancer) trial, a study in chemotherapy-na¨ive men with metastatic CRPC or nonmetastatic CRPC comparing progression-free survival (PFS) with enzalutamide 160 mg/d versus bicalutamide 50 mg/d administered as secondary hormonal therapy. Data from this trial clearly validate the preclinical studies noted earlier that demonstrate the superiority of enzalutamide over bicalutamide as an antiandrogen. With respect to the primary end point, enzalutamide, when compared with bicalu- tamide, reduced the risk of death or progression, which was defined as prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression or investigator assessed radiographic progression by 76% (HR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.32). In addition, the secondary end points of PSA progression, proportion of patients with a significant (. 50%) PSA decrease, and radiographic PFS, strongly favored enzalutamide. In the 139 patients with non- metastatic CRPC, the median radiographic PFS was not yet reached in either arm. However, enzalutamide reduced risk of radiographic progression by 76% (HR,0.24; 95% CI, 0.10to0.56) comparedwith bicalutamide. In the 257 patients with metastatic CRPC, enzalu- tamidereducedtheriskofradiographicprogressionby68%.Median radiographic PFS was not reached with enzalutamide and was 8.3 months with bicalutamide (HR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.50; P,.001). One should consider the 50 mg/d bicalutamide dosing that was chosen for the study when interpreting these findings. Bicalu- tamide has been FDA-approved for men with nonmetastatic CRPC at this dose and when used conjunction with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). 14 It is possible that bicalutamide 50 mg/d may be insufficient to block the AR amplification observed in CRPC, and a higher dose of 150 mg/d may have resulted in improved efficacy of the bicalutamide control arm. These results are compelling, but how can these data be used in clinical practice and how might these results influence the future
Cost without Benefit
Authors: David U. Himmelstein, Steffie Woolhandler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Cost containment has dominated recent debate on health policy. Most analysts agree that skyrocketing costs necessitate constraints on the amount of medical care delivered, but the best way to effect such rationing remains controversial.1 , 2 Clinical epidemiologists and economists have used cost-effectiveness analysis and other tools to dissect the necessary from the superfluous in medical practice.3 , 4 Government and industry have applied the blunter instruments of prospective payment systems and reductions in the number of people with health insurance and the comprehensiveness of coverage.5 6 7 While attention has been riveted on reducing the volume of services, the cost effectiveness of many nonclinical health . . .
Abstract 4362: RBM3 overexpression promotes cancer stem cell expansion through activation of Notch-1 signaling
Authors: Satish Ramalingam, Dharmalingam Subramaniam, Roy A. Jensen, Shrikant Anant
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cancers are heterogeneous population of cells, a minor portion of which exhibit stem-like characteristics. Recent evidence suggests that these Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) are responsible for tumor behavior. Recently, we reported that RNA binding protein RBM3 is overexpressed in various tumors of epithelial origin and downregulating its expression results in inhibition of tumor growth. Moreover, RBM3 affects the proliferation of CD34+ hematopoietic stem cell. Overexpression of RBM3 induces NIH-3T3 cells to transform and grow in an anchorage independent manner, and form tumors in athymic nude mice suggesting RBM3 is a proto-oncogene. Given these observations, we sought to determine whether RBM3 expression affects CSCs in solid tumors and its function in tumor initiation and/or metastasis. We have recently demonstrated that Doublecortin like Kinase-I (DCAMKL-1/DCLK1), a microtubule-associated kinase is a marker of quiescent intestinal stem cells. Immunohistochemical analyses of the NIH3T3-RBM3 tumors demonstrated an increase in the number of DCLK-1+ stem cells. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, we were able to isolate these DCLK-1+ stem cells from the bulk of the tumor and grow them in tissue culture dishes. We have named these cells as RNA binding protein-Induced Cancer Stem Cells (RICSCs). We next determined the stemness of the DCLK-1+ RICSCs. For this, we performed serial dilutions of the RICSCs starting at 10,000 cells and injected them into the flanks of nude mice. Even when 500 cells were injected, a primary tumor was observed at about 10 weeks; the histological analysis of the tissues revealing metastatic lesions in the lung, liver, bone and spleen. Recent studies with mammary and neuroectodermal tumors have suggested that inappropriate Notch activation promotes self-renewal and transformation of progenitor cells. We observed that there was a significant upregulation of activated Notch-1 expression in the NIH-3T3-RBM3 RICSCs. Inhibition of Notch-1 with a specific inhibitor, DAPT resulted in the arrest of RICSC-mediated tumor growth in nude mice. These data demonstrate that Notch signaling is essential for self-renewal in stem cells thereby affecting tumor growth. Taken together, these data imply that overexpression of RBM3 results in increased dedifferentiation into cancer stem cells that have an aggressive metastatic phenotype. These CSCs have great potentials for aiding in our understanding of oncogenesis and metastatic cascades. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4362. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4362
The Search Is On
Authors: Molly Perencevich, John R. Saltzman, Bruce D. Levy, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

An 81-year-old man presented to the emergency department with hematochezia and hematemesis, which began after he was awakened by an urgent need to move his bowels. He did not have abdominal pain, black stools, dysphagia, or odynophagia.
FDA Approval of Doxylamine–Pyridoxine Therapy for Use in Pregnancy
Authors: Shelley R. Slaughter, Rhonda Hearns-Stokes, Theresa van der Vlugt, Hylton V. Joffe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The experience with Bendectin (doxylamine succinate and pyridoxine hydrochloride, for treating nausea and vomiting of pregnancy) reveals how non–science-based decisions may affect the availability of a drug product, with adverse public health consequences.
A Hepatitis B Virus Mutant Associated with an Epidemic of Fulminant Hepatitis
Authors: T. Jake Liang, Kiyoshi Hasegawa, Nurit Rimon, Jack R. Wands, Edna Ben-Porath
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

A nosocomial outbreak of fulminant hepatitis B occurred in five patients in Haifa, Israel. Previous investigations identified the suspected source as a carrier of hepatitis B surface antigen who was positive for antibodies to hepatitis B e antigen and had chronic liver disease. We examined the strain of hepatitis B virus (HBV) that caused this epidemic, in order to identify specific mutations in the precore or core region.
Studies of Airway Inflammation in Asthma and Chronic Airflow Limitation
Authors: Ann J. Woolcock, Suzanne Ollerenshaw
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

"Studies of Airway Inflammation in Asthma and Chronic Airflow Limitation." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 150(5_pt_2), pp. S103–S105
Abstract 809: Prenatal and postnatal management of infants at 100%-risk for developing retinoblastoma
Authors: Helen S.L. Chan, Helen Dimaras, Elise Héon, Vikas Khetan, Brenda L. Gallie
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Prenatal diagnosis by amniocentesis of infants at 100%-risk of developing retinoblastoma (RB) is possible when the familial RB1 mutation is known in the parent. Since retinal tumors may develop in the third trimester, we assessed the success of a protocol of early delivery of such infants for early institution of therapy with the aim of optimizing outcome. Methods: Since 1999, we treated ten 100%-risk infants with early delivery in a Special Pregnancy Unit, at 32-37 weeks gestation and when deemed to be safe by their obstetrician. From birth, weekly dilated indirect fundoscopy, and/or contact imaging, and/or optical coherent tomography (OCT) examinations were performed with no sedation, with 3-weekly examinations under anesthesia (EUAs) only started once the first tumor was identified, or by the age of 3 months. The tumors were ablated by focal laser therapy and/or cryotherapy. In selected cases, subtenons topotecan (local chemotherapy that causes little side-effects systemically), was used to reduce the sizes of tumors that were too large, or near the optic nerve, or affecting the macula, for focal therapy ablation. When possible, low-dose or single-agent systemic chemotherapy was avoided to avoid induction of the multidrug resistance (MDR) P-glycoprotein in the tumors. If indicated, short-course but high-dose cyclosporin (CSA) MDR-circumventing high-dose carboplatin-etoposide-vincristine (CEV) chemotherapy was given as soon as the infant's immature renal function normalized. Secondary malignancy-inducing radiation and/or eye enucleation was only used for tumors progressing under this regimen. Results: At median followup of 5.7 years (range 0.7-11.7 years), both eyes were saved in 9 children, seven with 20/20-20/50 vision in at least one eye (two were too young for vision-testing), and only one child required radiation and then enucleation of one eye, but retained 20/30 vision in the remaining radiated eye. Five children were only treated with focal laser therapy and/or cryotherapy, two with added subtenons topotecan, four with 1 to 4-cycle CSA-modulated CEV, and one with 2-cycle non-CSA-modulated/dose-adjusted CEV because of immature renal function. Conclusions: This protocol warrants multicenter trial to confirm the favorable efficacy with low toxicity and excellent vision preservation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 809. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-809
Improved Accuracy and Reproducibility Using a Training Protocol for Freehand-SPECT 3D Mapping in Radio-Guided Surgery
Authors: Bas Pouw, Linda J. de Wit-van der Veen, Marcel P.M. Stokkel, Renato A. Valdés Olmos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Purpose Freehand single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) (fh-SPECT) for optical tracked 3-dimensional radioactivity mapping raises popularity for sentinel node biopsy and other radio-guided procedures. However, the device seems to be complex, requiring both training and a standardized scan protocol. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare handling reproducibility between novice and expert users; subsequently, using additional scans, we evaluated a standardized scan protocol to be tested in novice users after receiving training. Materials and Methods Three groups (untrained novices, experts, and trained novices), each one composed of 5 fh-SPECT users, were given the same short introduction and the assignment to perform 3 fh-SPECT scans with the same time per scan. For the scans, a reproducible phantom with an iodine-125 point source was used. Furthermore, we performed probe-trajectory evaluation including pattern, speed, and length of scans based on recorded videos and digital target tracking. Results The training period encompasses 30 minutes per novice user. The mean error in 3 directions based on 45 measurements was 7.4 mm for untrained novices and 3.2 mm for expert users. The trained novice group had a mean error of 2.9 mm (a significant 61% reduction), comparable to the expert group. The reproducibility values, expressed in SD, were 4.1 mm for the untrained novice group, 1.3 mm for the expert group, and 1.1 mm for the trained novices (73% improvement). The standardized scan protocol was demonstrated by means of trajectory evaluation, a scan path better systematized. Conclusion Scanning with fh-SPECT for radio-guided surgery requires a specific training period to increase handling and reproducibility of 3-dimensional imaging, and to enhance its accuracy in the operating room.