tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nifedipine and atenolol singly and combined for treatment of essential hypertension: comparative multicentre study in general practice in the United Kingdom
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A randomised double blind parallel group study was performed to compare the efficacy and acceptability of slow release nifedipine (maximum dose 40 mg twice a day) with those of atenolol (maximum dose 100 mg once a day) as single agents for the treatment of essential hypertension. Of 410 patients recruited almost exclusively from general practices in 22 centres in the United Kingdom 210 received nifedipine and 200 atenolol. Both drugs significantly reduced blood pressure, and control—a reduction of the diastolic pressure to less than 95 mm Hg—was obtained in about 65% of patients. Those who received nifedipine had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressure than those who received atenolol. One hundred and forty nine patients who failed to respond adequately to either atenolol or nifedipine in low doses were given both drugs once daily for eight weeks in a fixed combination capsule that contained atenolol 50 mg and nifedipine 20 mg. All patients showed further reductions in blood pressure, although those who were taking β atenolol before the combination capsule had more pronounced reductions in systolic pressures. Twenty six patients (12%) were withdrawn because of adverse effects while taking nifedipine compared with 19 (10%) taking atenolol. Flushing and oedema were more common after the calcium antagonist, whereas diarrhoea and dyspepsia were more common after atenolol. The frequencies of headaches, dizziness, fatigue, and dyspnoea were equally distributed between the two groups. When the fixed combination capsule was taken side effects such as flushing and oedema continued. Nifedipine was more effective than atenolol in lowering systolic blood pressure, although neither drug used alone controlled the pressure of more than two thirds of the patients studied. When used in a fixed combination slightly better control of blood pressure was achieved with a lower dose of each drug.
Quality in provision of maternity services: the missing link in health-care investments in LMICs?
Authors: Michael K Mwaniki
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

In The Lancet Global Health Magaret E Kruk and colleagues1 examine a very important aspect of maternal and newborn health that is poorly studied in low-income countries, namely quality of care. Poor quality of care has been a recurrent theme used to explain the prevailing high level of maternal and newborn morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) for several decades and is aptly articulated in two prevailing models.2,3 The authors1 found that the quality of care in primary care (no caesarean capacity) and low delivery volume facilities was substantially poorer than at secondary care facilities (has caesarean capacity; index score 0·38 in primary care facilities vs 0·77 in secondary care facilities).
Early Allergen Introduction for Preventing Development of Food Allergy
Authors: Matthew Greenhawt
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
In the ERA of New Direct Acting Antiviral Agents HCV Sequencing Allows the Most Accurate Subtype and Genotype Assignment
Authors: M. Aragri, V.C. Di Maio, D. Di Paolo, V. Cento, F. De Leonardis, L. Gianserra, M. Tontodonati, V. Micheli, S. Landonio, A. Manunta, A. Bertoli, M. Ciotti, F.P. Antonucci, I. Lenci, S. Francioso, L.A. Nicolini, S. Marenco, E. Teti, L. Lambiase, M. Milana, I. Maida, A. Di Biagio, A. Pellicelli, L. Nosotti, S. Grieco, P. Cacciatore, D. Romagnoli, M. Siciliano, G. D’Ettorre, S. Babudieri, M. Lichtner, U.V. Gentilucci, M. Romano, C. Sarrecchia, A. Grieco, F. Morisco, C. Mastroianni, J. Vecchiet, M. Puoti, E. D’Amico, A. Gasbarrini, S. Bruno, C. Magni, M.S. Mura, G. Taliani, A. Picciotto, G. Rizzardini, M. Andreoni, C. Pasquazzi, G. Parruti, M. Angelico, C.F. Perno, F.C. Silberstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Diagnosing Traumatic Encephalopathy Syndrome
Authors: Uzma Samadani, Molly Hubbard
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Radical Nephrectomy With or Without Lymph Node Dissection for Nonmetastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-based Analysis
Authors: Boris Gershman, R. Houston Thompson, Daniel M. Moreira, Stephen A. Boorjian, Matthew K. Tollefson, Christine M. Lohse, Brian A. Costello, John C. Cheville, Bradley C. Leibovich
Journal: European Urology (2016)
Evaluation of trait anxiety as predictors of psychological distress and low HRQL among breast cancer patients.
Authors: Y. Kuroda, T. Kawaguchi, S. Iwase, D. Yamamoto, H. Odagiri, T. Yamaguchi, N. Sakata, O. Sakura, Y. Nagumo, K. Nakagawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19568 Background: Cancer patients frequently experience multiple and co-occurring problems due to their illness and therapies. Only few studies have suggested the contribution of specific psychological factors during cancer therapy. We have focused on trait anxiety, which is a general tendency to exhibit anxiety, as an important factor when considering psychological distress in breast cancer patients. Methods: A total of 157 women who visited the outpatient breast cancer clinic between October 2007 and December 2009 participated in this study. All patients that were referred to a medical oncologist were asked to complete five questionnaires (STAI, HADS, EORTC QLQ-C30, BR23, and KKSI) at baseline, three month, and six month follow up. STAI-Trait score were divided into two groups with a median cut off point (41). Then, we performed one-way ANOVA to determine the STAI-Trait scores as independent variables for possible predictors of psychological distress and low HRQOL. Results: Our response rate was 99 percent (156/157 patients). The ANOVA results showed a statistically significant difference in low role functioning, cognitive functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, future perspective and high fatigue score, which were high STAI-Trait scores when compared to the low STAI-Trait scores (p<. 01). Patients who had a high trait anxiety were found to have a low HRQOL compared to those with a low trait anxiety. Conclusions: In conclusion, out results suggest that patients with a high trait anxiety are at risk of a low HRQOL, and trait anxiety could be used to screen and identify patients at the highest risk of experiencing psychological distress during cancer therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
CD8 + Lymphocytes Are Required for Maintaining Viral Suppression in SIV-Infected Macaques Treated with Short-Term Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: Emily K. Cartwright, Lori Spicer, S. Abigail Smith, David Lee, Randy Fast, Sara Paganini, Benton O. Lawson, Melon Nega, Kirk Easley, Joern E. Schmitz, Steven E. Bosinger, Mirko Paiardini, Ann Chahroudi, Thomas H. Vanderford, Jacob D. Estes, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Cynthia A. Derdeyn, Guido Silvestri
Journal: Immunity (2016)
An early decission for ptfe-tips improves survival in high risk cirrhotic patients admitted with an acute variceal bleeding. a multicenter rct
Authors: Juan Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Karel Caca, Christophe Bureau, Wim Laleman, Beate Appenrodi, Angelo Luca, Frederik Nevens, Jean-Pierre Vinel, Ingolf Schiefke, Jaime Basch
Journal: Hepatology (2008)
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Modeling of Lonafarnib in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection
Authors: L. Canini, C. Koh, S.J. Cotler, S.L. Uprichard, M.A. Winters, M.A.T. Han, D.E. Kleiner, R. Idilman, C. Yurdaydin, J.S. Glenn, T. Heller, H. Dahari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Durable improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for stage II or III colon cancer treated with leucovorin-modulated fluorouracil (FL): 10-year follow-up of National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) protocol C-03
Authors: M. J. O’Connell, N. Wolmark, G. Yothers, S. Haile, L. Colangelo, N. Petrelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3511 Background: The 3-year results of NSABP protocol C-03 published in 1993 (Wolmark, et al J Clin Oncol 11:1879–87, 1993) indicated significant improvement in DFS and OS for patients (pts) with stage II or III colon cancer treated with postoperative FL compared to pts treated with lomustine (MeCCNU), vincristine, and 5-FU (MOF). The present analysis reports long-term results. Methods: Pts with stage II or III (Dukes’ B or C) colon cancer who had undergone a potentially curative surgical resection were randomized postoperatively to receive adjuvant chemotherapy with either MOF or FL (given on the “Roswell Park schedule”) for approximately 1 year. Results: 1081 pts (1044 eligible-96.6%) were randomized into C-03 from 1987–89. Of eligible pts 986 (94.4%) had complete 10-year data (event or complete follow-up) and 1022 (97.9%) had complete 5-year data. The 10-year Kaplan-Meier estimates, relative risks from a stratified Cox model, and stratified logrank p values (stratified for gender, # positive nodes [0, 1–4, 5+], and tumor location [right colon, non-right], as specified in the protocol) for DFS and OS are shown below. Tests for interactions of the stratification variables (gender, # positive nodes, and tumor location) with treatment were not significant (p>0.16). Conclusions: The 10-year results of NSABP C-03 confirm and extend the previously published analysis, and indicate a highly significant and clinically relevant improvement in DFS and OS for pts with stage II or III colon cancer treated with FL compared to MOF. These data serve as a standard for evaluation of new adjuvant regimens. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Non-Invasive Lipidomic Test Accurately Discriminates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis from Steatosis: A Blind Validation Study
Authors: J. Crespo, I. Martínez-Arranz, M. Romero-Gómez, R. Mayo, R.A. De La Fuente, J. Caballería, D.A. de Luis, C. Alonso, L. Vitek, P. Ortiz, R. Bruha
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Impact of Direct Anti-Viral Agents on Inactivation/De-Listing of Liver Transplant Candidates Listed for Decompensated C Cirrhosis: A European Study
Authors: L.S. Belli, M. Berenguer, S.-R. Rockenschaub, S. Martini, C. Morelli, F. Donato, R. Volpes, G.-P. Pageaux, A. Coilly, S. Fagiuoli, P. Cortesi, C. Duvoux
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Short-Term Efficacy of Transarterial Chemoembolization with Epirubicin-Loaded Superabsorbent Polymer Microspheres for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Comparison with Conventional Transarterial Chemoembolization
Authors: M. Morimoto, S. Kobayashi, S. Moriya, M. Ueno, S. Teduka, S. Ohkawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Inclusion complex of tamibarotene with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: Preparation, characterization, in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation
Authors: Ying Yang, Jinhua Gao, Xiaoyu Ma, Guihua Huang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2016)

The goal of this study was to improve the solubility and oral bioavailability of tamibarotene by complexing it with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). The inclusion complex of tamibarotene with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Am80-HP-β-CD) was prepared through a freeze-drying method at the mole ratio of 1:1 (Am80: HP-β-CD). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) indicated the formation of Am80-HP-β-CD. In vitro dissolution studies showed that the solubility and dissolution percentage of Am80-HP-β-CD was improved substantially compared to Am80. An improved dissolution with approximately 97% drug release in 3 min was observed, in comparison with Am80 with approximately 60% release in 45 min. In vivo studies indicated that the AUC0-∞ has increased 2.79 times and the Cmax 4.37 times after the formation of inclusion complex. The decrease of tmax indicated the Am80-HP-β-CD inclusion complex can be absorbed into blood faster. In short, the solubility and bio-availability of Am80 has notably increased with the complexation of HP-β-CD. Therefore, using the inclusion technique is a promising method to improve the solubility of insoluble drugs.
Impact of GWAS-Identified Common Variants on Histopathological Features of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients
Authors: R. Gallego-Durán, J. Ampuero, J.A. Del Campo, H. Pastor-Ramírez, E. Vilar-Gomez, A. Gil-Gómez, M.T. Arias-Loste, M.J. Pareja, J. Abad, M.C. Rico, M. García-Valdecasas, I. Moreno, J.L. Calleja, R.J. Andrade, J. Crespo, C. García-Monzón, M. Romero-Gómez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Pioglitazone Prevents Diabetes in Patients With Insulin Resistance and Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Silvio E. Inzucchi, Catherine M. Viscoli, Lawrence H. Young, Karen L. Furie, Mark Gorman, Anne M. Lovejoy, Samuel Dagogo-Jack, Faramarz Ismail-Beigi, Mary T. Korytkowski, Richard E. Pratley, Gregory G. Schwartz, Walter N. Kernan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE The Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke (IRIS) trial recently found that pioglitazone reduced risk for stroke and myocardial infarction in patients with insulin resistance but without diabetes who had had a recent ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). This report provides detailed results on the metabolic effects of pioglitazone and the trial’s prespecified secondary aim of diabetes prevention. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 3,876 patients with recent ischemic stroke or TIA, no history of diabetes, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) &amp;lt;126 mg/dL, and insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) score &amp;gt;3.0 were randomly assigned to pioglitazone or placebo. Surveillance for diabetes onset during the trial was accomplished by periodic interviews and annual FPG testing. RESULTS At baseline, the mean FPG, HbA1c, insulin, and HOMA-IR were 98.2 mg/dL (5.46 mmol/L), 5.8% (40 mmol/mol), 22.4 μIU/mL, and 5.4, respectively. After 1 year, mean HOMA-IR and FPG decreased to 4.1 and 95.1 mg/dL (5.28 mmol/L) in the pioglitazone group and rose to 5.7 and 99.7 mg/dL (5.54 mmol/L), in the placebo group (all P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Over a median follow-up of 4.8 years, diabetes developed in 73 (3.8%) participants assigned to pioglitazone compared with 149 (7.7%) assigned to placebo (hazard ratio [HR] 0.48 [95% CI 0.33–0.69]; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). This effect was predominately driven by those with initial impaired fasting glucose (FPG &amp;gt;100 mg/dL [5.6 mmol/L]; HR 0.41 [95% CI 0.30–0.57]) or elevated HbA1c (&amp;gt;5.7% [39 mmol/mol]; HR 0.46 [0.34–0.62]). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with insulin resistance but without diabetes who had had a recent ischemic stroke or TIA, pioglitazone decreased the risk of diabetes while also reducing the risk of subsequent ischemic events. Pioglitazone is the first medication shown to prevent both progression to diabetes and major cardiovascular events as prespecified outcomes in a single trial.
How effective are cognitive behavior therapies for major depression and anxiety disorders? A meta‐analytic update of the evidence
Authors: Pim Cuijpers, Ioana A. Cristea, Eirini Karyotaki, Mirjam Reijnders, Marcus J.H. Huibers
Journal: World Psychiatry (2016)

We report the current best estimate of the effects of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) in the treatment of major depression (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder (PAD) and social anxiety disorder (SAD), taking into account publication bias, the quality of trials, and the influence of waiting list control groups on the outcomes. In our meta‐analyses, we included randomized trials comparing CBT with a control condition (waiting list, care‐as‐usual or pill placebo) in the acute treatment of MDD, GAD, PAD or SAD, diagnosed on the basis of a structured interview. We found that the overall effects in the 144 included trials (184 comparisons) for all four disorders were large, ranging from g=0.75 for MDD to g=0.80 for GAD, g=0.81 for PAD, and g=0.88 for SAD. Publication bias mostly affected the outcomes of CBT in GAD (adjusted g=0.59) and MDD (adjusted g=0.65), but not those in PAD and SAD. Only 17.4% of the included trials were considered to be high‐quality, and this mostly affected the outcomes for PAD (g=0.61) and SAD (g=0.76). More than 80% of trials in anxiety disorders used waiting list control groups, and the few studies using other control groups pointed at much smaller effect sizes for CBT. We conclude that CBT is probably effective in the treatment of MDD, GAD, PAD and SAD; that the effects are large when the control condition is waiting list, but small to moderate when it is care‐as‐usual or pill placebo; and that, because of the small number of high‐quality trials, these effects are still uncertain and should be considered with caution.
PR1 peptide vaccine induces specific immunity with clinical responses in myeloid malignancies
Authors: M H Qazilbash, E Wieder, P F Thall, X Wang, R Rios, S Lu, S Kanodia, K E Ruisaard, S A Giralt, E H Estey, J Cortes, K V Komanduri, K Clise-Dwyer, G Alatrash, Q Ma, R E Champlin, J J Molldrem
Journal: Leukemia (2016)
Effect of gamma-radiation on healthy rat liver and gene expression of chemokines: In vivo and in vitro studies.
Authors: I. A. Malik, N. Naz, S. Khan, H. Christiansen, G. Ramadori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e21107 Background: Primary liver tumors or liver metastasis are treated by gamma-irradiation. However, the liver is considered to be a radio-sensitive organ. Methods: Rats were exposed to single-dose gamma-irradiation (25-Gy) with the liver being on focus. Results: Single dose gamma-irradiation induces only a mild liver damage probably due to transient accumulation of granulocytes (not macrophages) into the liver. Immunohistologically, 3-6 hours after irradiation an increased number of neutrophil granulocytes (but not of mononuclear phagocytes) was observed attached to portal vessels between and around the portal (myo) fibroblasts (SMA and Thy-1+ cells). MCP-1/CCL2 staining was also detected in the portal vessel walls including some cells of the portal area. A significant induction of CC-(MCP-1/CCL2, MCP-3/CCL7) and CXC-chemokines (KC/CXCL1, MIP-2/CXCL2 and LIX/CXCL5) gene expression was observed in total-RNA from irradiated livers. In laser capture micro-dissected samples, an early (1-3h) up-regulation of CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL8 and CXCR2-gene expression was detected in the portal area; with exception of CXCL1-gene expression, up-regulated in the parenchyma. Administration of an antibody against MCP-1/CCL2 before irradiation led to increase in gene expression of IFN-gamma and IP- 10/CXCL10 in liver tissue without influencing the recruitment of granulocytes. The CCL2, CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCL5 genes were strongly expressed and further up-regulated in (myo) fibroblasts (LMFs) after irradiation (8Gy) when compared to liver macrophages or hepatocytes. Conclusions: Gamma-irradiation of the liver induces a transient accumulation of granulocytes within the portal area. (Myo) fibroblasts of the portal vessels may be one of the major sources of the chemokines involved in neutrophil recruitment. Inhibition of more than one chemokines (e.g., CXCL1 and CXCL8) may be necessary to reduce leukocytes recruitment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) Inhibits Multiple Myeloma through Suppressing NADPH Oxidase ROS Generation.
Authors: Ritsuko Seki, Takafumi Yoshida, Kazuo Nakamura, Sho-ichi Yamagishi, Tsutomu Imaizumi, Takashi Okamura, Michio Sata
Journal: Blood (2005)