tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Population-based resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to pyrazinamide and fluoroquinolones: results from a multicountry surveillance project
Authors: Matteo Zignol, Anna S Dean, Natavan Alikhanova, Sönke Andres, Andrea Maurizio Cabibbe, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Andrei Dadu, Andries Dreyer, Michèle Driesen, Christopher Gilpin, Rumina Hasan, Zahra Hasan, Sven Hoffner, Ashaque Husain, Alamdar Hussain, Nazir Ismail, Mostofa Kamal, Mikael Mansjö, Lindiwe Mvusi, Stefan Niemann, Shaheed V Omar, Ejaz Qadeer, Leen Rigouts, Sabine Ruesch-Gerdes, Marco Schito, Mehriban Seyfaddinova, Alena Skrahina, Sabira Tahseen, William A Wells, Ya Diul Mukadi, Michael Kimerling, Katherine Floyd, Karin Weyer, Mario C Raviglione
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)

BackgroundPyrazinamide and fluoroquinolones are essential antituberculosis drugs in new rifampicin-sparing regimens. However, little information about the extent of resistance to these drugs at the population level is available.MethodsIn a molecular epidemiology analysis, we used population-based surveys from Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belarus, Pakistan, and South Africa to investigate resistance to pyrazinamide and fluoroquinolones among patients with tuberculosis. Resistance to pyrazinamide was assessed by gene sequencing with the detection of resistance-conferring mutations in the pncA gene, and susceptibility testing to fluoroquinolones was conducted using the MGIT system.FindingsPyrazinamide resistance was assessed in 4972 patients. Levels of resistance varied substantially in the surveyed settings (3·0–42·1%). In all settings, pyrazinamide resistance was significantly associated with rifampicin resistance. Among 5015 patients who underwent susceptibility testing to fluoroquinolones, proportions of resistance ranged from 1·0–16·6% for ofloxacin, to 0·5–12·4% for levofloxacin, and 0·9–14·6% for moxifloxacin when tested at 0·5 μg/mL. High levels of ofloxacin resistance were detected in Pakistan. Resistance to moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin when tested at 2 μg/mL was low in all countries.InterpretationAlthough pyrazinamide resistance was significantly associated with rifampicin resistance, this drug may still be effective in 19–63% of patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Even though the high level of resistance to ofloxacin found in Pakistan is worrisome because it might be the expression of extensive and unregulated use of fluoroquinolones in some parts of Asia, the negligible levels of resistance to fourth-generation fluoroquinolones documented in all survey sites is an encouraging finding. Rational use of this class of antibiotics should therefore be ensured to preserve its effectiveness.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation, United States Agency for International Development, Global Alliance for Tuberculosis Drug Development.
Nova et Vetera
Authors: D GUTHRIE
Journal: BMJ (1961)

establishment large enough to allow at least one man to be seconded into a research post for one to two years."If this had been so during the last half-century we could have produced more original work than we have done and could have received less spoon-feeding from others," continued Sir Russell.New Department of Surgical Science Happily things were now altering and more and more was being done in many centres throughout the country.The academic departments of the universities contributed their portion to research, but they had the distractions of administration and of undergraduate teaching.In so far as the grand
Design and Validate of Next-Generation Sequencing Panel for Inherited Platelet Disorders
Authors: Jose Maria Bastida, Mónica del Rey, Rocío Benito, Isabel Sanchez-Guiu, Susana Riesco, Maria Jesús Peñarrubia, Rosa Fisac, Javier García Frade, Carlos Aguilar, Maria Jose Cebeiro, Paz Martinez-Badás, Emilia Pardal, Carmen Aguilera, Elena Fontecha, Beatriz Perez, Esther Llinares, Jose Luis Fuster, Jose Rivera, Maria Luisa Lozano, Vicente Vicente, Consuelo Del Canizo, Jesus Maria Hernandez, José Ramón Gonzalez
Journal: Blood (2014)
Disease and treatment (tx) characteristics in women with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) receiving HER2-targeted agents (H2Ts).
Authors: William M. Johnson, Nicole Meyer, Yanni Hao, Xue Song, Nianwen Shi, Jaqueline Willemann Rogerio, Denise A. Yardley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e11594 Background: While tx for HER2+ mBC have improved over the past decade, little information is available on the real-world use of H2Ts among important subgroups. The objectives of this retrospective claims study were to compare disease and tx characteristics of mBC patients treated with H2Ts, stratified by de novo vs. recurrent mBC, ER+ status, and age. Methods: Women ≥ 18 years, with Stage IV mBC (index) were selected from the 2008-2012 Truven Health MarketScan databases and followed until end of enrollment or inpatient death. Those with <12 months continuous enrollment, non-BC primary cancers pre-index, HIV, or pregnancy were excluded. Patients (pts) were stratified by ER+ status, de novo (≤90 days between initial BC diagnosis and index) vs. recurrent (>90 days between initial BC diagnosis and index), and ages 18-44, 45-64, or 65+. Results: Of 2,629 eligible women, 52% were ER+, 37% de novo, 15% 18-44, 69% 45-64 and 16% 65+. No differences existed in pre-index BC diagnosis, surgery, or adjuvant/neoadjuvant therapy or radiation among ER cohorts however use of chemotherapy and H2T biologics were lower for ER+ than ER-. Among pts with pre-index BC, de novo were more likely to have BC surgery, but less likely to have radiation, chemotherapy, hormone and H2T than recurrent. Use of hormone, chemotherapy and H2Ts was highest for ages 18-44 and declined with age (except for hormone therapy). Of patients with ≥ 3 months follow-up, ER+ had lower chemotherapy but higher H2T use than ER-; post-index surgery and radiation were similar for both ER cohorts. De novo patients had higher rates of post-index BC surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone and H2T use than recurrent. Post-index surgery and radiation declined with age, and hormone and H2Ts use were the highest in the youngest age group. Further details of three lines of treatment after metastatic index were explored as well. Conclusions: Younger age was significantly associated with more aggressive pre- and post-index BC treatments, and de novo status was associated with more aggressive post-index treatments. ER+ patients were less likely to use chemotherapy pre- and post-index, and had lower pre-index but higher post-index use H2Ts compared to ER- patients.
Safety of everolimus for women over age 65 with advanced breast cancer (BC): 12.5-month follow-up of BOLERO-2.
Authors: Hope S. Rugo, Howard A. Burris, Michael Gnant, José Baselga, Martine J. Piccart-Gebhart, Shinzaburo Noguchi, Shaker R. Dakhil, Vichien Srimuninnimit, Puttisak Puttawibul, Tibor Csoszi, Daniel Yick Chin Heng, Hugues Bourgeois, Antonio Gonzalez-Martin, Karen Osborne, Pabak Mukhopadhyay, Tanya Taran, Mario Campone, Gabriel N. Hortobagyi, Tarek Sahmoud, Kathleen I. Pritchard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

104 Background: Postmenopausal women with estrogen-receptor–positive (ER+) BC who relapse/progress on a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor (NSAI) are usually treated with the steroidal AI exemestane (EXE), but there is no currently approved treatment for this indication. The BOLERO-2 trial showed that adding everolimus (EVE), an oral inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), to EXE significantly improved clinical benefit beyond that of EXE alone (Hortobagyi et al, SABCS 2011, Abstract S3-7). As many women with advanced BC are elderly, the tolerability profile of EVE + EXE in this population is of interest. Methods: BOLERO-2 is a phase III, randomized trial comparing EVE (10 mg once daily) vs placebo (PBO), both plus EXE (25 mg once daily), in postmenopausal women with advanced ER+ BC progressing or recurring after NSAIs. Safety data with a focus on elderly patients are reported at 12.5 months’ median follow-up. Results: Baseline disease characteristics, age, and prior cancer therapy were well balanced between treatment arms (N = 724). At 12.5 months’ median follow-up, the addition of EVE to EXE significantly improved progression-free survival in patients &lt;65 (HR, 0.37; p &lt; .05) or ≥65 years of age (HR, 0.56; p &lt; .05). Adverse events (AEs) of special interest (all grades) occurring more frequently with EVE vs PBO (overall study population) included stomatitis (66.6% vs 11.3%), infection (50.4% vs 25.2%), rash (44.0% vs 8.4%), pneumonitis (18.7% vs 0.4%), and hyperglycemia (15.4% vs 2.5%). Elderly EVE-treated patients (≥65 years) had similar or marginally lower incidence of stomatitis (52.1%), rash (32.3%), pneumonitis (14.6%), and hyperglycemia (12.5%) compared with the overall population. Grade 3-4 AEs in patients ≥70 years of age (n = 161) reported only among patients receiving EVE (n = 118) included fatigue (10.2%), anemia (10.2%), hyperglycemia (8.5%), stomatitis (7.6%), dyspnea (6.8%), pneumonitis (5.1%), neutropenia (3.4%), and hypertension (3.4%). Conclusions: Adding EVE to EXE was well tolerated in the overall population and in elderly patients with advanced BC; grade 3-4 AEs were uncommon and manageable. Overall, AEs were consistent with the known safety profile of EVE.
Diagnostic Challenges in Patients With Tumors
Authors: Makoto Emoto, Ritsuko Fujimitsu, Hiroshi Iwasaki, Tatsuhiko Kawarabayashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.01.083 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 14512405 Diagnostic Challenges in Patients With Tumors CASE 3. NORMAL-SIZED OVARIAN CANCER DETECTED BY COLOR DOPPLER ULTRASOUND USING A MICROBUBBLE CONTRAST AGENT Makoto EmotoxMakoto EmotoSearch for articles by this author , Ritsuko FujimitsuxRitsuko FujimitsuSearch for articles by this author , Hiroshi IwasakixHiroshi IwasakiSearch for articles by this author , Tatsuhiko KawarabayashixTatsuhiko KawarabayashiSearch for articles by this author Show More Fukuoka University Medical School, Fukuoka, Japan https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.01.083 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A Next Generation Sequencing-Based Approach to Detect Gene Mutations, Copy Number Changes and IGH Translocations in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Niccolo Bolli, Graham R Bignell, Peter Ganly, Elli Papaemmanuil, Herve Avet-Loiseau, Adam Sperling, Stephane Minvielle, Peter J Campbell, Nikhil C. Munshi
Journal: Blood (2014)
P237 Cough frequency in acute stroke: Abstract P237 Table 1
Authors: ST Kulnik, SS Birring, GF Rafferty, J Moxham, L Kalra
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Few studies have investigated cough frequency in neurological patient groups, in which cough may be impaired or increased in the presence of aspiration. This study aimed to (1) validate the Leicester Cough Monitor (LCM) on a stroke unit, where background coughs might contaminate one patient's cough recordings; and (2) observe cough frequency longitudinally in a convenience sample of acute stroke survivors. <h3>Methods</h3> To validate the LCM, 15-minute recordings were made from 5 patients on a stroke unit. LCM results were compared with real-time cough counts by a researcher present in the room (visual and auditory). To observe cough frequency longitudinally, 21 stroke survivors underwent 24-hour LCM recordings at baseline (&lt;2 weeks post stroke), week 1 and 4. Participants (14 men, mean (SD) age 60 (15) years) had moderate stroke impairment (median (IQR) NIHSS score 8 (5, 11)) with cortical (n = 9), subcortical (n = 9), brainstem (n = 2) and cerebellar (n = 1) strokes. Five randomly selected recordings were analysed by a second researcher, blinded to subject characteristics and not present during the recordings. <h3>Results</h3> In the validation study, the real-time observer counted 67 subject coughs plus 81 background coughs in total. The LCM returned a subject cough count of 68, not significantly different to the observer's count (p = 0.99) with excellent agreement (ICC 0.996, 95% CI: 0.967, &gt;0.999). Inter-rater reliability for LCM hourly cough counts was good (ICC 0.973, 95% CI: 0.789, 0.997). In the longitudinal cohort, average cough frequency was higher at baseline and reduced over time, with wide individual variability (Table 1) and higher cough frequency during day-time. There were no significant associations between cough frequency and sex, age, stroke site, stroke severity, swallowing safety, smoking status or ACE-inhibitor use. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study is limited due to the small sample size and should be regarded as exploratory. It was possible to validate the LCM for application on an acute stroke unit. The findings might serve hypothesis-generation: For example, is cough frequency after stroke increased, indicating sub-clinical levels of swallowing impairment and aspiration threat, which trigger frequent protective coughs?
P0671 : Mechanisms of HCV-induced diabetes through impaired insulin-driven gluconeogenesis shut-down by HCV proteins as a result of uncoupling of FoxO1/AKT signaling
Authors: H. Lerat, J. Polyte, A. Gaudin, M.-R. Imache, C. Magnan, F. Foufelle, J.-M. Pawlotsky
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: Mazen S. Bader
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Higher Counts Of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells In The Allograft Are Associated Increased Risk Of Acute Gvhd After Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Matheus Vescovi Gonçalves, Mihoko Yamamoto, Eliza Y. S. Kimura, Vergilio Antonio Renzi Colturato, Maura Valerio Ikoma, Marcos Mauad, Mair Pedro de Souza, Paulo Guilherme Alvarenga Gomes de Oliveira, Ana Paula Vaz Carvalho, Fabio R. Kerbauy, Nelson Hamerschlak, Yana Novis, Valeria Cortez Ginani, Adriana Seber, Vanderson Rocha, Alberto Orfao, Celso Arrais Rodrigues
Journal: Blood (2013)
Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer Network Germany (BMBC; GBG 79): Multicentric, retro- and prospective collection of patient data and biomaterial from patients with brain metastases.
Authors: Volkmar Mueller, Elena Laakmann, Tanja N. Fehm, Volker Moebus, Gunter Von Minckwitz, Sibylle Loibl, Isabell Witzel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS639 Background: The incidence of brain metastases in breast cancer patients is rising and has become a mayor clinical challenge in the last years. So far, limited therapeutic options and insights into the biology of brain metastases exist. Most reports include patients with brain metastases from different tumor entities. Few studies so far analyzed exclusively patient data and tumor samples from brain metastases of breast cancer patients. Therefore, an open, multicentric registry and biobank should be helpful for analysis of a large number of breast cancer patients with brain metastases. Therefore we initiated the Brain Metastases in Breast Cancer Network Germany (BMBC; GBG79) Methods: Registration of patient data is allowed retrospectively as well as prospectively. To enable an easy multicentric access, an internet-based database was chosen (“MedCodes” of the German Breast Group). Captured data include incidence, number and localization of brain metastases, histopathologic characteristics, imaging met...
‘Lower anti-drug antibodies with etanercept biosimilar: can Ctrough explain the differences?’
Authors: Chirag A Shah
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

I read with great interest Emery et al 's1 article on SB4 phase III study and subsequent response to comments from Meacci et al .2 As per the results of SB4 study,1 there was significantly lower (p<0.001) incidence of antidrug antibodies (ADA) in the biosimilar etanercept (SB4) group (0.7%) compared with reference etanercept (ETN) group (13.1%). While it is known that product-specific factors such as product origin (foreign or human), product aggregates, impurities and container closure system could affect the immunogenicity of biopharmaceuticals,3–5 their contribution in terms of lower immunogenicity of SB4 has not been described.1

As explained lucidly by Emery et al , …
Leptospirosis in Portugal: epidemiology from 1991 to 1997
Authors: J M Falcão, P J Nogueira, C Matias Dias, Z. P. Pimenta
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

The term leptospirosis describes a group of diseases caused by members of the order Spirochaetales, mainly the species Leptospira interrogans. Infection can be asymptomatic but disease of differing severity and clinical features (often suggestive of menin
Atoxic and Toxic Goiter, Endemiology, Symptomatology, and Surgical Treatment
Authors: P HEIMANN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heart Failure—A New Phenotype Emerges
Authors: Jane E. Wilcox, Clyde W. Yancy
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, MD, MPH, PhD; Gregg C. Fonarow, MD; Vasiliki Georgiopoulou, MD, MPH, PhD; Gregory Burkman, MD; Sarawut Siwamogsatham, MD; Akash Patel, MD; Song Li, MD; Lampros Papadimitriou, MD, PhD; Javed Butler, MD, MPH, MBA
Potentially Inadvertent Immunomodulation: Norepinephrine Use in Sepsis
Authors: Roeland F. Stolk, Tom van der Poll, Derek C. Angus, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, Peter Pickkers, Matthijs Kox
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<Immunologic Pathophysiolo...Immunologic and Bacterial...Alternative VasopressorsConclusionsReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Le paludisme d'importation au Royaume-Uni en 1996
Authors: D J Bradley, D C Warhurst, M Blaze, V Smith, J Williams
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Les infections paludeennes observees ces dernieres annees au Royaume-Uni sont presque toutes contractees a l'etranger et importees, a l'exception de deux cas en 1976 dus a des moustiques infectes importes et de cas occasionnels de paludisme congenital ou transfusionnel.
Association Between Religious Service Attendance and Lower Suicide Rates Among US Women
Authors: Tyler J. VanderWeele, Shanshan Li, Alexander C. Tsai, Ichiro Kawachi
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Previous studies have linked suicide risk with religious participation, but the majority have used ecologic, cross-sectional, or case-control data.To examine the longitudinal association between religious service attendance and suicide and the joint associations of suicide with service attendance and religious affiliation.We evaluated associations between religious service attendance and suicide from 1996 through June 2010 in a large, long-term prospective cohort, the Nurses' Health Study, in an analysis that included 89 708 women. Religious service attendance was self-reported in 1992 and 1996. Data analysis was conducted from 1996 through 2010.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association between religious service attendance and suicide, adjusting for demographic covariates, lifestyle factors, medical history, depressive symptoms, and social integration measures. We performed sensitivity analyses to examine the influence of unmeasured confounding.Among 89 708 women aged 30 to 55 years who participated in the Nurses' Health Study, attendance at religious services once per week or more was associated with an approximately 5-fold lower rate of suicide compared with never attending religious services (hazard ratio, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.06-0.46). Service attendance once or more per week vs less frequent attendance was associated with a hazard ratio of 0.05 (95% CI, 0.006-0.48) for Catholics but only 0.34 (95% CI, 0.10-1.10) for Protestants (P = .05 for heterogeneity). Results were robust in sensitivity analysis and to exclusions of persons who were previously depressed or had a history of cancer or cardiovascular disease. There was evidence that social integration, depressive symptoms, and alcohol consumption partially mediated the association among those occasionally attending services, but not for those attending frequently.In this cohort of US women, frequent religious service attendance was associated with a significantly lower rate of suicide.
Plasma Concentrations of Estradiol and Testosterone in Single-Drug Polyestradiol Phosphate Therapy for Prostatic Cancer
Authors: B.J. Norlén, Å. Fritjofsson, L. Grönquist, P.O. Gunnarsson, S.Å. Johansson, G. Plym-Forshell
Journal: European Urology (1987)