tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0241 Anti-Flagellin Antibodies in Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) Implicate Subclinical Bowel Inflammation and Differentiate as from Mechanical Back Pain Patients
Authors: D. Wallis, M. Weisman, N. Haroon, A. Anton, D. Mc Govern, S. Targan, R. Inman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Serum antibody reactivity to microbial antigens may provide important clues to the role of gut-derived microbial antigens in ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Anti-flagellin (anti-CBir1) serum reactivity in Crohn’s disease (CD) is associated with fibrostenosis and complicated small bowel CD. Response to CBir1 in CD is also significantly associated with the CD-associated NOD2 variants (1). <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the frequency of anti-flagellin (anti-CBir1) antibodies in patients with AS, AS and concomitant IBD and mechanical back pain. <h3>Methods</h3> Sera from 79 patients with AS and concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 78 age-matched patients with AS alone and 48 patients with mechanical back pain (MBP) were tested by ELISA for anti-flagellin (anti-CBir1) antibodies. Antibody positivity rates were compared using Fisher’s exact test. ANOVA was performed to compare the median quantitative antibody level in ELISA units (EU) between the three groups. <h3>Results</h3> The positivity rate and median quantitative antibody level of anti-CBir1 were higher in AS than in MBP patients (20.5% vs. 2.2%, p=0.003; 15 EU vs. 10 EU, p&lt;0.001). The positivity rate and quantitative antibody level were also higher in patients with AS and concomitant IBD than in MBP (36.8% vs. 2.1%, p&lt;0.0001; 18 EU vs. 10 EU, p&lt;0.001). There was no significant difference in positivity rate or median quantitative antibody level between patients with AS alone and AS with concomitant IBD. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-flagellin antibodies are comparable between patients with AS alone and AS with concomitant IBD, and are significantly elevated in both groups compared with patients with mechanical back pain. These findings implicate subclinical bowel inflammation in AS and highlight the potential role of the gut microbiome in AS. <h3>References</h3> Papadakis KA, Yang H, Ippoliti A, Mei L, Elson CO, Hershberg RM, Vasiliauskas EA, Fleshner PR, Abreu MT, Taylor K, Landers CJ, Rotter JI, Targan SR. Anti-flagellin (CBir1) phenotypic and genetic Crohn’s disease associations. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2007 May;13(5):524-30. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
THU0551 Comparative Efficacy of Gym High-Intensity Dynamic Exercises and Therapeutic Exercises in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: E. Orlova, D. Karateev, E. Nasonov, A. Kochetkov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> International recommendations regard physical exercises, aiming to improve range of motion and muscle strength, as an important part of treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1, 2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the efficacy of two exercise programs in patients with early RA. <h3>Methods</h3> 51 patients with early RA (92,2% females, age of 18 to 53 years, disease duration of 2 to 17 months) were randomized into one of 3 groups. At hospital, 15 patients underwent 10 high-intensity dynamic exercises using gym apparatus Enraf-Nonius with biofeedback for 45–60 min, including aerobic part (En-Cardio) and 18–20 muscle-strengthening exercises (En-Dynamic Track), 18 patients – 10 therapeutic exercises for 45 min under the supervision of a trainer in addition to drug therapy. In both groups, the 45-min exercises lasted at home 3 times a week for 3 months. 18 patients received only drug therapy (control). Joint pain on 100-mm VAS, DAS28, HAQ, RAPID3, the average powers of knee extension and ankle flexion by the EN-TreeM movement analysis were evaluated at baseline and at 3 months. <h3>Results</h3> After 3 months there were statistically significant differences between the both exercise groups and the control group in most parameters (p&lt;0,05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The both exercise programs help to control diseases activity, increase functional status, power of motion and quality of life in patients with early RA. Gym exercises should be recommended to young RA patients with the short duration of the disease. <h3>References</h3> Hurkmans E, et al. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;4:CD006853. Maddali Bongi S, et al. Reumatismo 2010;62(1):4–11. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB0974 Ultrasonographic features in knees patients with osteoarthritis
Authors: H. Rkain, I. Ben Slama, L. Traki, I. Bouaddi, L. Bouazzaoui, F. Allali, N. Hajjaj Hassouni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> so as to describe the sonographic features of knees with osteoarthritis, 29 patients were included in this study.The ultrasonographic findings in knees were about effusion, synovitis and Baker's cyst. Results suggest that ultrasonography is very helpful to evaluate knee osteoarthritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study was undertaken to describe the sonographic features of knees with osteoarthritis (OA) and specially to evaluate the relationship between the presence of synovitis and joint effusion in the knee OA by ultrasonography. <h3>Methods</h3> 29 patients (mean age 59.5 [50-76] ± 8.7 years) with bilateral knee OA according to ACR criteria (median 24 months of evolution (11.48)) were included. Pain was measured by the visual analog scale from 0 to 10 cm. A knee ultrasonographic (US) examination was performed in all patients by a blinded rheumatologist with good experience in ultrasonography. <h3>Results</h3> 58 osteoarthritic knees were studied. Pain on clinical examination was found on 44 knees (75.9%). The intensity of pain assessed by VAS of pain was 54.5 [10-80] ± 20.4. US findings in knees were effusion (39.7%), synovitis (36.2) and Baker's cyst (19%). The presence of synovitis was strongly correlated with the presence of effusion on ultrasound (r =0,856, p&lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study suggests that ultrasonography is helpful exam in patients with knee osteoarthritis. It would be interesting to include this non invasive imaging in knee OA assessment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Long-Term Follow-up of HBeAg-Positive Patients Treated with Interferon Alfa for Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Claus Niederau, Tobias Heintges, Stefan Lange, Georg Goldmann, Christoph M. Niederau, Leonhard Mohr, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

In patients with chronic hepatitis B, treatment with interferon alfa and the consequent loss of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) from the blood leads to a reduction in inflammatory activity, but the clinical benefits of this treatment have not been established. We evaluated whether HBeAg seroconversion induced by interferon alfa improves clinical outcome.
EEG sleep changes as predictors in depression
Authors: D J Kupfer, F G Foster, L Reich, S K Thompson, B Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors conducted a study of 18 depressed patients to see whether EEG sleep measurements might provide a predictive tool for response to antidepressant medication. They found that although the sedative characteristics of amitriptyline did not differentiate good responders from poor responders until the third week of drug treatment, the good responders showed significant increases in REM latency, decreases in REM sleep time, decreases in REM sleep percent, and decreases in REM activity after only 2 nights of drug treatment.
ET-23 * THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF RETROVIRAL REPLICATING VECTORS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER CNS METASTASIS MODEL
Authors: A. Inagaki, K. Hiraoka, S. Kamijima, J. Robbins, D. Jolly, H. Gruber, N. Kasahara
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Retroviral replicating vectors (RRV) are capable of highly efficient replication in cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. In a variety of cancer models this is associated with high levels of tumor-selective gene transfer and significantly enhanced survival benefit when employed for prodrug activator gene therapy. An RRV encoding a modified yeast cytosine deaminase (CD) prodrug activator gene (Toca 511) in combination with extended-release flucytosine (Toca FC) is under investigation in multi-center ascending-dose trials in patients with recurrent high grade glioma. In the present study, our goal is to establish the feasibility of also applying this novel gene therapy strategy to secondary brain tumors arising from metastasis of systemic cancers. In particular, brain metastases of breast cancer frequently arise from highly aggressive, treatment-refractory, "triple-negative" (ER(-), PR(-), HER2(-)) cells, and are associated with a dismal prognosis of 4-6 months survival. First, RRV encoding GFP (AC3-emd, RRV-GFP) showed robust replication activity in the human breast cancer tumor cell lines MDA-MB-231-BR and JC over time at both MOI = 0.01 and 0.1, resulting in high levels of transduction within 1-2 weeks. Next, we tested in vitro cytotoxicity after 5-FC treatment of MDA-MB-231BR and JC cells infected with an RRV expressing CD (AC3-yCD2, Toca 511). In both of the AC3-yCD2-transduced cell lines, cell viability was reduced approximately 70-85% after exposure to 12.9 µg/mL 5-FC and complete cell killing was observed with 129 µg/mL 5-FC (6 days 5-FC treatment for 231-BR; 4 days for JC). In a 231-BR intracranial xenograft model, intratumoral injection of 10^6 Transducing Units of RRV-GFP resulted in >80% transduction efficiency on Day 10 post-virus injection. In survival studies, animals treated with Toca 511 and 5-FC showed statistically significant (p < 0.0001) survival benefit. These preclinical data support the advancement of RRV gene therapy towards clinical investigation in patients with CNS-metastatic breast cancer.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Methylprednisolone or Naloxone in the Treatment of Acute Spinal-Cord Injury
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Abstract Studies in animals indicate that methylprednisolone and naloxone are both potentially beneficial in acute spinal-cord injury, but whether any treatment is clinically effective remains uncertain. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone and naloxone in a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in patients with acute spinal-cord injury, 95 percent of whom were treated within 14 hours of injury. Methylprednisolone was given to 162 patients as a bolus of 30 mg per kilogram of body weight, followed by infusion at 5.4 mg per kilogram per hour for 23 hours. Naloxone was given to 154 patients as a bolus of 5.4 mg per kilogram, followed by infusion at 4.0 mg per kilogram per hour for 23 hours. Placebos were given to 171 patients by bolus and infusion. Motor and sensory functions were assessed by systematic neurologic examination on admission and six weeks and six months after injury. After six months the patients who were treated with methylprednisolone within eigh...
Curbs on fast food chains could halt rise in obesity, says WHO
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Government regulation of fast food chains could halt the global rise in obesity, a paper published in the Bulletin of the World Health Organization has concluded.1

The paper looked at the number of fast food transactions per capita in 25 high income countries from 1999 to 2008 and compared this with changes in the average body mass index (BMI) of the population.

During that period the average number of fast food transactions per capita each year increased …
Abstract 261: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-1(MMP-1) in glioblastoma cell lines involves multiple signaling pathways
Authors: Monika Anand, Zendra E. Zehner, Helen L. Fillmore
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a devastating disease with an extremely poor prognosis primarily due to its invasive and infiltrative nature. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important enzymes that regulate tumor microenvironment, alter cellular behavior and increase invasion and metastasis in wide variety of cancers. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that MMP-1 is over expressed in GBM tissue and can influence glioma cell invasion in vitro. Since the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is amplified in human GBM, we wanted to determine the effect of EGFR activation by epidermal growth factor (EGF) on MMP-1 expression and invasion in human glioma cell lines and if so, determine the signaling mechanisms responsible for this induction. We stimulated glioma cell lines (T98 and U87) with EGF in the presence and absence of the EGFR inhibitor, AG1478. Inhibitors to multiple signaling pathways activated by EGFR induction were also used. All inhibitors tested were added to cells for 2 hrs prior to addition of EGF. In addition, transfections using AKT and STAT3 siRNA were conducted. Western Blotting was performed to examine the levels of MMP-1, EGFR, AKT, STAT3 and ERK. We observed that with EGF treatment, in addition to EGFR activation, AKT was phosphorylated, MMP-1 was induced and that in the presence of AG1478, AKT and EGFR phosphorylation was inhibited in a dose dependent manner. Importantly, MMP-1 up-regulation by EGF was abrogated in cells pretreated with AG1478. EGFR has been shown to up-regulate MAPK, PI3K and STAT3 pathways in glioma and other malignancies. Involvement of the MAPK pathway in the EGFR- mediated induction of MMP-1 was examined using the MAPK inhibitor, U0126. Only a modest decrease in MMP-1 levels was observed following treatment with EGF and U0126, suggesting potential inputs from other signaling pathways. Although there was a modest inhibition of AKT protein levels in cells treated with AKT siRNA, the levels of MMP-1 in these cells were significantly reduced. Current experiments focus on the role of AKT/PI3K and STAT3 signaling pathways in MMP-1 mediated glioma cell invasion. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 261.
SP0052 Lipids as Potent Modulators of Inflammation in the Rheumatic Joint
Authors: A. Ioan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> The prevalence of obesity is increasing in the Western society, bringing along an increasing number of complications and health problems. Besides the well-known effects of obesity on cardiovascular function, novel comorbidities related to inflammatory diseases and cancer have been recently described. Although the mechanisms involved in these associations are unclear, there are indications that the elevated levels of free fatty acids in serum of obese individuals could be responsible for the deleterious effects of obesity. Indeed, it has been shown free fatty acids as well as their metabolites can have potent immunomodulatory functions. To understand the mechanisms underlying the association between obesity and inflammatory diseases, it is therefore important to investigate the effects of fatty acids and their metabolites on inflammatory responses and immune cells as such and in relation to rheumatic disease. In this lecture, evidence indicating a role of lipids and lipid derivatives in inflammatory rheumatic diseases will be presented, with focus on fatty acids and their oxidative products. Recent data indicating the presence of these lipids in inflammatory exudates of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) en osteoarthritis (OA) patients, as well as the effect of these lipid mediators on cells often detected in the inflamed joint of RA and OA patients will be presented. These data indicate that the effector function of macrophages, T cells and fibroblasts can be modulated by various lipids in a potent manner, either towards a more pro- or anti-inflammatory phenotype. The effect depends not only on the cell type investigated, but also on the class of lipids that is studied. All together, the data indicate that lipid mediators could contribute to the inflammatory processes in the arthritic joint, by modulating tissue-resident or infiltrating cells and could be an attractive future therapeutic target. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6175
P94 Rapamycin helps maintain the regulatory phenotype of cytochrome P450IID6-specific Treg expanded from patients with autoimmune hepatitis type 2 by reducing the number of IFN + cells
Authors: B. Holder, C. R. Grant, Y. Ma, G. Mieli-Vergani, D. Vergani, M. S. Longhi
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Control of T cell reactivity to cytochrome P450IID6 (CYP2D6) is key to immune-tolerance restoration in autoimmune hepatitis type 2 (AIH-2). CD4<sup>+</sup>CD25<sup>+</sup> regulatory T cells (Treg), central to autoreactive T cell regulation, are impaired in AIH-2. Cell therapy based on CYP2D6-specific Treg (CYP-Treg) could provide specific control over effectors of liver damage in AIH-2. We have generated CYP-Treg from AIH-2 patients and demonstrated that these cells exert greater suppression than polyclonal Treg. Whether CYP-Treg can undergo expansion maintaining their functional phenotype is untested. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess CYP-Treg functional phenotype over 2-week expansion in AIH-2 patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 48 CYP-Treg cell lines were obtained from 12 AIH-2 patients positive for the predisposing HLA-DR7 and DR3 alleles; 36 Treg cell lines specific for a DR7 or DR3-restricted influenza-haemagglutinin (HA) peptide were generated from 9 DR7<sup>+</sup> or DR3<sup>+</sup> healthy subjects (HS) and used as controls. CYP- and HA-Treg were obtained after co-culture with peptide-pulsed semi-mature DCs. T-reg were expanded for 2 weeks in the presence of: (1) IL2 (300 U/ml); (2) IL2+rapamycin (RP) to enhance Treg function; (3) IL2+IL6/IL1b, cytokines mimicking the proinflammatory milieu of AIH-2. Treg phenotype was determined by flow cytometry; frequency of cytokine-producing cells by intracellular staining. <h3>Results</h3> Before expansion, the frequency of CD127<sup>-</sup> and FOXP3<sup>+</sup> cells exceeded 80% in both CYP- and HA-Treg. Compared to HA-Treg, CYP-Treg contained higher numbers of IFNg (6.4±1 vs 3.6±1.2, p=0.09), IL2 (9.5±2.6 vs 2.6±0.5, p=0.02), IL17 (7.1±1 vs 3±1.2, p=0.026), IL10 (9.1±2 vs 3.3±2.6, p=0.03) and TGFb (10.4±2 vs 3.6±0.7, p=0.001) producing cells. After expansion with IL2, CYP- and HA-Treg maintained a similarly high frequency of FOXP3<sup>+</sup> and CD127<sup>−</sup> cells, while frequency of IFNg<sup>+</sup> cells increased markedly (CYP-Treg: from 6.5±1 to 27±3, p&lt;0.0001; HA-Treg: from 3.8±1.5 to 11±1.3, p&lt;0.01). Exposure to RP decreased the frequency of IFNg<sup>+</sup> cells by 36% (p=0.04) in HS and by 30% (p=0.15) in AIH-2. Exposure of Treg to IL6/IL1b had no effect on their phenotype and cytokine production. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Compared to HA-Treg, CYP-Treg contain higher numbers of cytokine-producing cells, possibly reflecting a higher activation state of their precursors. After expansion, antigen-specific Treg retain a classical T-reg phenotype (CD127− and FOXP3+) even upon exposure to pro-inflammatory stimuli, but contain a high proportion of IFNg<sup>+</sup> cells. Reduction of IFNg<sup>+</sup> cells in the presence of RP suggests a role for this drug in the expansion of antigen-specific T-reg for immunotherapy in AIH-2.
Prevention of<i>Hemophilus influenzae</i>Type B Bacteremic Infections with the Capsular Polysaccharide Vaccine
Authors: Heikki Peltola, Helena Käyhty, Marita Virtanen, P. Helena Mäkelä
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

A long-term follow-up of approximately 50,000 children who received the Hemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide vaccine in 1974 at three months to five years of age has shown good protective efficacy in those who received the vaccine at 18 months or older. No adverse effects were observed. Analysis of paired serum samples from 514 vaccinated children showed that effective immunization with this vaccine could be performed after but not before the age of 16 to 20 months. An analysis of 956 bacteremic H. influenzae infections occurring in Finland over a period of five years showed that 94 per cent of all cases were in children under 10 years of age. Of these, 40 per cent occurred in children under 18 months, and 60 per cent in children between the ages of 1 1/2 and 9 years. These 60 per cent are potentially preventable with the capsular polysaccharide vaccine. (N Engl J Med 1984; 310:1561–6.)
Trimethoprim-Induced Hyperkalemia in a Patient with AIDS
Authors: Michael J. Choi, Pedro C. Fernandez, Asit Patnaik, Brigitte Coupaye-Gerard, Denise D'Andrea, Harold Szerlip, Thomas R. Kleyman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Hyperkalemia has been reported in 16 to 21 percent of patients hospitalized with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)1–3. Although renal failure often accompanies hyperkalemia,1,2 AIDS is associated with other abnormalities that impair renal excretion of potassium, such as adrenal insufficiency and hypoaldosteronism3–7. Adrenal insufficiency and hypoaldosteronism, however, are rare in patients with AIDS4,5. Hyperkalemia develops in 20 to 53 percent of patients with AIDS while they are receiving high doses of trimethoprim in combination with sulfamethoxazole or dapsone for the treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia8. We recently encountered a patient with AIDS . . .
Renal Scintigraphic Findings in a Patient With Hydrometrocolpos
Authors: JAMES H. TURNER, JOE C. LEONARD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Hydrometrocolpos is the result of secretions accumulating within the vagina and uterus. Secretions accumulate as the result of obstruction of the genital tract by (1) an abnormal membrane (e.g., intact hymen, vaginal membrane, or vaginal atresia) or (2) in association with urogenital sinus or cloacal maldevelopment. The condition begins in utero and is detected shortly after birth or at puberty when menses begins. The condition is accurately diagnosed by US and its physiologic impact can be shown with renal scintigraphy.