tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gastrointestinal problems in modern wars: clinical features and possible mechanisms
Authors: Wei-Feng Wang, Xiao-Xu Guo, Yun-Sheng Yang
Journal: Military Medical Research (2015)

Gastrointestinal problems are common during wars, and they have exerted significant adverse effects on the health of service members involved in warfare. The spectrum of digestive diseases has varied during wars of different eras. At the end of the 20th century, new frontiers of military medical research emerged due to the occurrence of high-tech wars such as the Gulf War and the Kosovo War, in which ground combat was no longer the primary method of field operations. The risk to the military personnel who face trauma has been greatly reduced, but disease and non-battle injuries (DNBIs) such as neuropsychological disorders and digestive diseases seemed to be increased. Data revealed that gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia, and noncardiac chest pain are common among military personnel during modern wars. In addition, a large number of deployed soldiers and veterans who participated in recent wars presented with chronic gastrointestinal complaints, which fulfilled with the Rome III criteria for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). It was also noted that many veterans who returned from the Gulf War suffered not only from chronic digestive symptoms but also from neuropsychological dysfunction; however, they also showed symptoms of other systems. Presently, this broad range of unexplained symptoms is known as "Gulf War syndrome". The mechanism that underlies Gulf War syndrome remains unclear, but many factors have been associated with this syndrome such as war trauma, stress, infections, immune dysfunction, radiological factors, anthrax vaccination and so on. Some have questioned if the diagnosis of FGIDs can be reached given the complexity of the military situation. As a result, further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal disease among military personnel.
A functional study on the migration of human monocytes to human leukemic cell lines and the role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
Authors: MCJC Legdeur, RHJ Beelen, GJ Schuurhuis, MG Broekhoven, AA van de Loosdrecht, J Tekstra, MMAC Langenhuijsen, GJ Ossenkoppele
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
MPTH-19PHOSPHOLIPASE C BETA 1: A CANDIDATE SIGNATURE GENE FOR PRONEURAL SUBTYPE HIGH-GRADE GLIOMA
Authors: Guangrong Lu, Jeffrey Chang, Zheyu Liu, Min Li, Jay-Jiguang Zhu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Phospholipase C beta 1 (PLCβ1) expresses in glioma tissue and cultured glial cells, but barely detectable in normal glial cells. Whether PLCβ1 gene expression plays a pathological role in glioma has not been studied. METHODS: We analyzed data from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO-GDSxxx), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data (REMBRANDT) to investigate the potential role of PLCβ1 in high-grade glioma (HGG). RESULTS: In GDS1815, PLCβ1 expression correlates with known proneural (PN) signature genes; its expression level from PN subtype (n = 15) is significantly higher than that from mesenchymal (Mes) subtype (n = 33) HGG (p < 0.001). Furthermore, PLCβ1 expression is significantly higher in grade III than in grade IV gliomas from GDS1815 (n = 24 vs. 76), GDS1962 (n = 19 vs. 81), and GDS1975 (n = 26 vs. 59); ultimately, p < 0.05 for all. In GDS1962, the PLCβ1 expression is highest in non-tumor brain tissue (n = 23) and is significantly higher than that in grade II astrocytomas (n = 7) and oligodendrogliomas (n = 37; p < 0.05 for both. PLCβ1 expression is also higher in low-grade (n = 8) than in high-grade astrocytomas (n = 6) in GDS2853 (p < 0.001). A Kaplan-Meier survival plot from a REMBRANDT cohort demonstrates that astrocytoma and glioma patients with intermediate levels of PLCβ1 expression (n = 45 and 103, respectively) survived significantly longer than down-regulated (2X) PLCβ1 groups (n = 57 and 226, respectively; p < 0.001). From TCGA data, PLCβ1 RNA-Seq signal inversely correlates with the pathological grades and higher levels of PLCβ1 expression in PN (n = 8) than in Mes (n = 8) subtypes of glioblastoma (p < 0.05). The top 50% of PLCβ1 expression subgroup (n = 294) of glioma cases (grade II to IV merged) survived significantly longer time than the low 50%-ile of the PLCβ1 expression subgroup (n = 293; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: PLCβ1 is a candidate signature gene for PN subtype HGG, its expression inversely correlates with glioma pathological grade and is a potential prognosis factor.
Protein-Losing Enteropathies
Authors: L Vega Franco
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Economic considerations and patients' preferences affect treatment selection for patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a discrete choice experiment among European rheumatologists
Authors: M Hifinger, M Hiligsmann, S Ramiro, V Watson, J L Severens, B Fautrel, T Uhlig, R van Vollenhoven, P Jacques, J Detert, J Canas da Silva, C A Scirè, F Berghea, L Carmona, M Péntek, A Keat, A Boonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Objective To compare the value that rheumatologists across Europe attach to patients' preferences and economic aspects when choosing treatments for patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods In a discrete choice experiment, European rheumatologists chose between two hypothetical drug treatments for a patient with moderate disease activity. Treatments differed in five attributes: efficacy (improvement and achieved state on disease activity), safety (probability of serious adverse events), patient's preference (level of agreement), medication costs and cost-effectiveness (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER)). A Bayesian efficient design defined 14 choice sets, and a random parameter logit model was used to estimate relative preferences for rheumatologists across countries. Cluster analyses and latent class models were applied to understand preference patterns across countries and among individual rheumatologists. Results Responses of 559 rheumatologists from 12 European countries were included in the analysis (49% females, mean age 48 years). In all countries, efficacy dominated treatment decisions followed by economic considerations and patients’ preferences. Across countries, rheumatologists avoided selecting a treatment that patients disliked. Latent class models revealed four respondent profiles: one traded off all attributes except safety, and the remaining three classes disregarded ICER. Among individual rheumatologists, 57% disregarded ICER and these were more likely from Italy, Romania, Portugal or France, whereas 43% disregarded uncommon/rare side effects and were more likely from Belgium, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden or UK. Conclusions Overall, European rheumatologists are willing to trade between treatment efficacy, patients' treatment preferences and economic considerations. However, the degree of trade-off differs between countries and among individuals.
Abstract P1-10-11: Prognostic value of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in stage II/III breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Y Yang, K-H Lee, T-Y Kim, S-W Han, D-Y Oh, T-Y Kim, W Han, H-G Moon, IA Park, D-Y Noh, S-A Im
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome is associated with various malignancies, including breast cancer. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is frequently observed during chemotherapy, but its clinical implication is unclear. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of NAFLD in patients with stage II/III breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC Tx). Methods The patients with clinical stage II/III breast cancer who received NAC Tx with docetaxel and doxorubicin were enrolled. Treatment sequences were: 3 cycles of NAC Tx → surgery → 3 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC Tx), or 6 cycles of NAC Tx → surgery, allowing AC Tx at the physician's discretion. NAFLD was determined by ultrasonography (radiologists' decision), non-constrast computed tomography [CT] (the attenuation of liver is less than that of spleen or &amp;lt;49 hounsfield unit [HU]) or contrast CT (the difference between liver and spleen attenuation &amp;lt; -18.5 HU). The presence of NAFLD was evaluated 3 times, at diagnosis, after NAC Tx and after the completion of AC Tx. Improvement of NAFLD was defined as the disappearance of NAFLD after NAC Tx. Results Between 2002 and 2008, 269 patients were enrolled. The median age was 45 (range 18-69), and 51.7% and 28.6% were with hormone receptor and HER2 positive tumors, respectively. The median number of NAC Tx was 3 cycles (range 1-6). NAFLD was observed in 33 (12.4%) patients at diagnosis, 52 (19.3%) after NAC Tx and 71 (26.4%) at the completion of AC Tx. The patients with NAFLD at diagnosis showed shorter overall survival than those without NAFLD (HR=2.688, 95% CI 1.259-5.747, P=0.011). The improvement of NAFLD during NAC Tx was observed in 28 (10.4%, group A) and persistence of NAFLD observed in 24 (8.9%, group B). Group A showed better prognosis in both PFS (HR 0.125, 95 % CI 0.016-0.962) and OS (no event), whereas group B showed worse PFS (HR 2.329, 95% CI 1.280-4.237) and OS (HR 3.721, 95% CI 1.727-8.015) compared to the patients without NAFLD at diagnosis. Conclusions NAFLD at diagnosis was a poor prognostic marker of OS in patients who received NAC Tx. Improvement of NAFLD during NAC TX was associated with good prognosis in terms of PFS and OS. Citation Format: Yang Y, Lee K-H, Kim T-Y, Han S-W, Oh D-Y, Kim T-Y, Han W, Moon H-G, Park IA, Noh D-Y, Im S-A. Prognostic value of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in stage II/III breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-10-11.
Molecular Remissions Induced by Liposomal-Encapsulated All-Trans Retinoic Acid in Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Elihu H. Estey, Francis J. Giles, Hagop Kantarjian, Susan O’Brien, Jorge Cortes, Emil J Freireich, Gabriel Lopez-Berestein, Michael Keating
Journal: Blood (1999)
A Hypervascular Ossifying Fibroma of the Tibia on Tc-99m MDP Three-Phase Bone Scintigraphy
Authors: SEOK TAE LIM, MYUNG-HEE SOHN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine* and Institute for Medical Sciences,† Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonju, Korea Received for publication June 28, 2000. Accepted July 26, 2000. Supported by Korean Research Foundation grant KRF-99-041-F00273. Reprint requests: Myung-Hee Sohn, M.D., Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 634–18 Keumam-dong, Duckjin-gu, Chonju, Chonbuk 561–182, Korea. E-mail: [email protected]
Ectopic ACTH and CRH Co-secreting Tumor Localized by 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT
Authors: Georgios Z. Papadakis, Ulas Bagci, Samira M. Sadowski, Nicholas J. Patronas, Constantine A. Stratakis
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Diagnosis of ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) co-secreting tumors causing Cushing syndrome (CS) is challenging because these tumors are rare and their diagnosis is frequently confused with Cushing disease (CD), caused by the effect of CRH on the pituitary. We report a case of a 21-year-old male patient who was referred to our institution with persistent hypercortisolemia and CS after undergoing unnecessary transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). ⁶⁸Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT revealed increased tracer uptake in the thymus, which was histologically proven to be a neuroendocrine tumor (NET) that stained positive for ACTH and CRH. Imaging with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT was not diagnostic.
Abstract B1-05: R2: Accessible web-based genomics analysis and visualization platform for biomedical researchers
Authors: Jan Koster, Jan J. Molenaar, Rogier Versteeg
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract In this era of explosive high throughput (HT) genomics data generation, there is a growing need for accessible software solutions that can help unlock biological/clinical characteristics from such data. With the biomedical researcher (with limited or no bioinformatics skills) in mind, we developed a comprehensive web-based system called R2 (http://r2.amc.nl). R2 aids in the analysis and visualization of private/shielded as well as public high throughput data and their associated annotated features. The R2 platform consists of a database storing both publicly accessible as well as shielded datasets with unified gene annotation, supplemented with a large suite of tools that can be used on these data, and their associated annotation. As such the user experiences the same look &amp; feel throughout the mining process. In the public section, R2 hosts over 60,000 HT samples. Next to gene expression (microarray and RNA-seq), the platform is also being employed in the integration, analysis and visualization of other data types, such as aCGH, SNP, ChIP, methylation, miRNA, and NGS whole genome sequencing information. R2 contains an expanding set of interactive analyses which are heavily inter-connected, allowing users to quickly hop from one view (representation of the data) to another. Analyses include, correlation, differential expression, gene sets, gene ontology, transcription factor binding sites, PCA, kmeans, Kaplan Meier scans, signature creation etc. Visualizations include, various gene oriented plots, heatmaps, circos, embedded genome browser, Venn, etc. Many parts of the R2 platform are publicly accessible through the http://r2.amc.nl portal. The R2 gene expression analysis tools have thus far been used in more than 180 peer-reviewed scientific publications including journals as Nature, Nature Genetics and Cell. R2 also supports restricted / shielded use and is used in many (inter)national collaborative efforts involving unpublished datasets. The webservers have been serving over 900.000 pages over the past 12 months (Nov 2014). Citation Format: Jan Koster, Jan J. Molenaar, Rogier Versteeg. R2: Accessible web-based genomics analysis and visualization platform for biomedical researchers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-05.
How Patent Troll Legislation Can Increase Timely Access to Generic Drugs
Authors: Carolyn L. Treasure, Aaron S. Kesselheim
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The significance of splenomegaly in 101 adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at presentation and during remission
Authors: A Friedman, P Schauer, R Mertelsmann, C Cirrincione, H Thaler, P Dufour, SB Ellis, H Teitelbaum, S Kempin, TS Gee, Z Arlin, B Clarkson
Journal: Blood (1981)
Alcoholic men with no alcoholic first-degree relatives
Authors: M A Schuckit
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The author ascertained the family history of alcoholism in first-degree relatives and extended family members from interviews with 161 men with primary alcoholism consecutively admitted to an inpatient treatment program, as well as from one or two resource persons for each patient. Although 56% (N = 90) of the patients reported no history of alcoholism in first-degree relatives, this decreased to 41% (N = 66) when data from resource persons were added. An additional 10% (N = 16) had evidence of an alcoholic second-degree family member. Men with alcoholic relatives had more early social problems and more severe alcohol-related pathology. The author explores the implications of these findings.
George Chalmers Hood Terris Ballard
Authors: Sandy Thompson, Kate English, Rachel Argyle, Rhys Beynon
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Born in Stirlingshire and brought up in both Scotland and Essex, George Chalmers Hood Terris Ballard graduated with a BSc in medical science from St Andrews before moving to Manchester University. He remained in the north west as a cardiology trainee, …
Abstract P3-01-10: Sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer: A single institution retrospective evaluation
Authors: E Gallant, C Ewing, J Wong, L Esserman, M Alvarado
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background: In patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) offers accurate staging information with considerably less morbidity than a full axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, for clinically node-positive (cN1) patients who undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy SLNB is thought to have a high false-negative rate and not suitable for this population. We sought to evaluate the false-negative rate (FNR) of SLNB following chemotherapy in patients initially presenting with cN1 breast cancer at a single institution. Methods: Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy diagnosed with cN1 breast cancer between October 2004 and February 2014 were identified from the University of California, San Francisco cancer registry. All patients underwent single agent mapping with Tc99 and SLNB followed by completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). Pathologic complete response, number of sentinel nodes removed and FNR were calculated. Results: Of the 80 patients who underwent SLNB and ALND, 43 had residual metastatic disease in the nodes producing a nodal pCR of 46.25% (95%CI. 35.0%-57.8%). In 14 patients, cancer was not identified in the SLNs but was discovered in the lymph nodes retrieved by ALND, resulting in an overall FNR of 32.6% (95% CI, 19.1%-48.5%). 49 patients had only 1 SLN removed. Of the patients with only 1 SLN removed, a false-negative SLN was identified in 9 of the 21 patients with a positive node for a FNR of 42.9% (95% CI, 21.8%-66.0%). Of the patient with more than 1 SLN removed, 5 of 18 patients with a positive node had a false-negative SLN yielding a FNR of 27.8% (95% CI, 9.7%-53.5%). Only 14 patients had more than two SLNs excised. Conclusion: Recent studies including the French GANEA 2 and ACOSOG Z1071 trials demonstrated a significant decrease in FNR when more than 1 SLN was excised. In this retrospective study however a single SLN was sampled from most patients. The FNR from this study was more than three times the generally accepted threshold of 10%. This substantial FNR further supports the need to remove more than 1 SLN during surgery in order to accurately assess nodal disease. Furthermore the implementation of a dual mapping technique would likely facilitate this process. Citation Format: Gallant E, Ewing C, Wong J, Esserman L, Alvarado M. Sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer: A single institution retrospective evaluation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-10.
Blood Pressure Changes Resulting from Aortography
Authors: S L Snowdon, G H Whitehouse
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

Patients requiring aortography frequently suffer from generalized arteriosclerosis. Uncontrolled hypotension is therefore clearly undesirable, especially if associated with myocardial depression. Significant hypotension was observed following the use of conventional ionic contrast media, Urografin 370 and Cardioconray, and occurred following every injection in this study. Metrizamide, a non-ionic contrast medium, was found to be associated with a smaller fall in blood pressure of a shorter duration.
Counseling about Proper Use of Motor Vehicle Occupant Restraints and Avoidance of Alcohol Use while Driving: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Description: An assessment of the independent effectiveness of primary care interventions to increase the proper use of child safety seats, booster seats, and lap-and-shoulder belts to prevent motor vehicle occupant injuries (MVOIs) and to prevent alcohol-related MVOIs in adolescents and adults. Methods: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force reviewed evidence on the effectiveness of counseling in primary care about the proper use of child restraints in motor vehicles to prevent injury, as well as evidence on the impact of primary care counseling to prevent alcohol-related MVOIs in adolescents and adults. This included information gathered in the process of making their 1996 recommendation, as well as the accompanying systematic review of English-language articles published through 2005. Recommendation: Current evidence is insufficient to assess the incremental benefits, beyond the efficacy of legislation and community-based interventions, of counseling in the primary care setting to improve rates of proper use of motor vehicle occupant restraints. (I statement) Current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of routine counseling of all patients in the primary care setting to reduce driving while under the influence of alcohol or riding with drivers who are alcohol-impaired. (I statement) *For a list of members of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Forces, see the Appendix.
Unfashionably Late
Authors: Michael Lukela, David DeGuzman, Steven Weinberger, Sanjay Saint
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

An 18-year-old man presented with shortness of breath, a cough that was productive of clear sputum, and a two-week history of pleuritic chest pain. He also reported night sweats, fever, and fatigue, but no hemoptysis, weight loss, recent travel, or new environmental exposures.