tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
RO-08THE EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF PBT IN CHILDREN WITH MALIGNANT CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS) TUMOURS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Caroline Main, Simon P. Stevens, Nicky Thorp, Roger E. Taylor, Madhumita Dandapani, Mark G. Pritchard, Rachel Dodds, Keith Wheatley, Pamela R. Kearns, Barry Pizer, Bob Phillips, Matthew C.H.J. Morrall, Martin English, Sophie Wilne, Jayne S. Wilson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

OBJECTIVES: To assess the clinical effects of PBT for the treatment of children with malignant CNS tumours.METHODS: Eleven electronic databases were searched from 1985 onwards.Comparative and non-comparative studies were included.Outcomes included overall survival (OS), local/distant relapse rates (LRR and DRR), toxicities, neurocognitive outcomes and quality of survival.Standard systematic review methods were used to minimise bias in study identification, selection and data extraction.RESULTS: Seventeen studies with 492 patients (pts) were included.Mean sample size was 29 (range: 6-109) with mean follow-up of 3.1 years (range: 0.1-11.7).Studies were in: low grade glioma [n ¼ 3, pts ¼ 65; OS: 83%-100% (follow-up: 2.0-7.6 years); 3-year LRR: 0%]; ependymoma [n ¼ 3 pts ¼ 91; OS: 79%-100% (follow-up: 2.2-3.0 years); LRR: 0%-46% (follow-up: 2.2-5.0 years); DRR: 17%-33% (follow-up: 3.0-5.0years)]; medulloblastoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumours (PNET's) (n ¼ 5, pts ¼ 211; OS: 81%-86% (follow-up: 3.0-7.0years); LRR: 0%-15% (follow-up: 3.2-7.0years); DRR: 24% at 7.0-years]; atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumours (AT/RT) [n ¼ 5, pts ¼ 76; OS: 53%-90% (follow-up: 2.0-3.2years); LRR: 0%-20% and DRR: 20%-40% (follow-up: 2.3-3.2years)]; germ cell tumour [n ¼ 1, pts ¼ 22; OS: 100%; LRR: 0%; DRR: 4.5% (follow-up: 2.3 years)]; pineoblastoma [n ¼ 1, pts ¼ 11; LRR and DRR both 9% at 1.7-years].Adverse late effects reported were ototoxicity (9%-21%), neuro-endocrinopathies (3%-63%), growth problems and neurocognitive deficits.CONCLUSIONS: The limited quantity and quality of evidence suggests PBT probably achieves similar OS and LRR as historic photon cohorts, whilst having a similar or reduced mid-late toxicity profile.However, this is subject to substantial uncertainty due to limited longterm outcome data and no controlled evidence.
Case 33-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Gerald S. Foster, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 74-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of dysuria.The patient was a native of Sicily who immigrated to the United States at the age of 14 years. At the age of 23 years he was first seen at this hospital because of five months of diarrhea, with the passage of up to five loose stools daily. He had lost 8 kg in weight and experienced sweats, marked fatigue, and transitory pains in both lower abdominal quadrants. There was no history of nausea, vomiting, or fever. Physical examination revealed that he was pale and thin. . . .
Ivermectin Induces Cytostatic Autophagy by Blocking the PAK1/Akt Axis in Breast Cancer
Authors: Qianhui Dou, Hai-Ning Chen, Kui Wang, Kefei Yuan, Yunlong Lei, Kai Li, Jiang Lan, Yan Chen, Zhao Huang, Na Xie, Lu Zhang, Rong Xiang, Edouard C. Nice, Yuquan Wei, Canhua Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, yet successful treatment remains a clinical challenge. Ivermectin, a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug, has recently been characterized as a potential anticancer agent due to observed antitumor effects. However, the molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here, we report a role for ivermectin in breast cancer suppression by activating cytostatic autophagy both in vitro and in vivo Mechanistically, ivermectin-induced autophagy in breast cancer cells is associated with decreased P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) expression via the ubiquitination-mediated degradation pathway. The inhibition of PAK1 decreases the phosphorylation level of Akt, resulting in the blockade of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. In breast cancer xenografts, the ivermectin-induced cytostatic autophagy leads to suppression of tumor growth. Together, our results provide a molecular basis for the use of ivermectin to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells and indicate that ivermectin is a potential option for the treatment of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4457-69. ©2016 AACR.
Phase I study of elisidepsin (E) in combination with carboplatin (C) in patients (pts) with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: S. J. Faivre, S. Ropert, C. Coronado, J. Alcantara, B. De Miguel, A. Soto, S. A. Szyldergemajn, G. Loussilaho, O. Mir, F. Goldwasser, E. Raymond
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e13097 Background: E is a new synthetic depsipetide with broad in vitro/in vivo antitumor activity. E induces cell death through profound alterations in the plasmatic membrane of tumor cells, while C targets the DNA in a cell cycle independent manner. In vitro experiments showed a synergistic effect between E and platinum compounds in different cell lines. Objectives: To identify the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the recommended dose (RD) of C given on day (d) 1 followed by E as a 3-hour i.v. infusion on d1 and d8, every three weeks, as well as safety and feasibility, pharmacokinetic analysis and antitumor activity. Methods: Pts with advanced solid tumors for whom no standard therapy is available were recruited. A classical 3+3 successive cohort escalation design was followed. Results: The median age of the 15 pts included was 59 (25-73) years, they had received a median 6 prior lines of therapy, and 10 were males. Main tumor types were colorectal and head and neck (n=4, each). After 3 evaluable pts were recruited at DL1 (1 mg E + 4 AUC C) and another 3 pts at DL2 (2 mg E + 5 AUC C), no DLTs were seen. Subsequently, at DL3 (2.5 mg E + 5 AUC C) 33% of patients could not receive the intended dose and one DLT was observed (AP increase > 14 d). Thus, dose was reassumed at DL2, in which another 3 pts were recruited. Of the total of 6 pts in DL2, 3 pts (50%) did not comply with the intended dose of E and another DLT was observed (grade 3 thrombocytopenia > 14 days). Therefore, DL2 was considered the MTD. Toxicity was generally mild, although reversible transaminase increases on d8 led to E frequent dose omissions preventing further dose escalation. Antitumor efficacy was observed in a heavily pretreated pt with STS who had disease stabilization > 3 months. PK analysis showed no drug-drug interaction at the dose levels tested. Conclusions: No serious adverse events occurred but recurrent ALT and AST increases could delay treatment administrations. Therefore, this treatment schedule led to infra-optimal dose-intensity of elisidepsin and is not recommended for further development.
HG-63NOVEL DISSOCIATIVE STEROIDS FOR TREATMENT OF EDEMA IN CHILDHOOD INTRACRANIAL BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: Elizabeth Wells, Madhuri Kambhampati, Jesse M. Damsker, Heather Dressman-Gordish, Sridevi Yadavilli, Oren J. Becher, Jamila Gittens, Mojca Stampar, Roger J. Packer, Javad Nazarian
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Antimanic effect of clonidine
Authors: R Jouvent, Y Lecrubier, A J Puech, P Simon, D Widlöcher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The role of nonepinephrine in affective disorders remains the subject of extensive discussion and mesearch. We have undertaken a systematic investigation of the effects of central stimulating or blocking agents of noradrenengic receptors in this context (1 , 2). We hypothesized that the use of a stimulant of a-admenengic pnesynaptic receptors, which reduces the melease of nomepinephrine (3), might be effective in the treatment of manic states. We decided to explore cbonidine because its central effects have received some support. For example, cbonidine has sedative effects (4), a favorable effect on the withdrawal syndrome in drug dependence (5, 6), and the side effect of inducing a depressive syndrome when prescribed for hypertension (4).
An ongoing large outbreak of measles in Merseyside, England, January to June 2012
Authors: R Vivancos, A Keenan, S Farmer, J Atkinson, E Coffey, E Dardamissis, J Dillon, R J Drew, M Fallon, R Huyton, R Jarvis, G Marsh, R Mason, T Shryane, A Stewart, S Ghebrehewet
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

From 1 January to 30 June 2012, 359 confirmed and 157 probable cases of measles were reported in Merseyside, England. The most affected age groups were children under five years and young adults from 15 years of age. Most cases have been sporadic. There have been few outbreaks in nurseries; however, no outbreaks have been reported in schools. Of the cases eligible for vaccination, only 3% of the confirmed cases were fully immunised.
Oncogenic Deregulation of EZH2 as an Opportunity for Targeted Therapy in Lung Cancer
Authors: Haikuo Zhang, Jun Qi, Jaime M. Reyes, Lewyn Li, Prakash K. Rao, Fugen Li, Charles Y. Lin, Jennifer A. Perry, Matthew A. Lawlor, Alexander Federation, Thomas De Raedt, Yvonne Y. Li, Yan Liu, Melissa A. Duarte, Yanxi Zhang, Grit S. Herter-Sprie, Eiki Kikuchi, Julian Carretero, Charles M. Perou, Jacob B. Reibel, Joshiawa Paulk, Roderick T. Bronson, Hideo Watanabe, Christine Fillmore Brainson, Carla F. Kim, Peter S. Hammerman, Myles Brown, Karen Cichowski, Henry Long, James E. Bradner, Kwok-Kin Wong
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract As a master regulator of chromatin function, the lysine methyltransferase EZH2 orchestrates transcriptional silencing of developmental gene networks. Overexpression of EZH2 is commonly observed in human epithelial cancers, such as non–small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), yet definitive demonstration of malignant transformation by deregulated EZH2 remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate the causal role of EZH2 overexpression in NSCLC with new genetically engineered mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma. Deregulated EZH2 silences normal developmental pathways, leading to epigenetic transformation independent of canonical growth factor pathway activation. As such, tumors feature a transcriptional program distinct from KRAS- and EGFR-mutant mouse lung cancers, but shared with human lung adenocarcinomas exhibiting high EZH2 expression. To target EZH2-dependent cancers, we developed a potent open-source EZH2 inhibitor, JQEZ5, that promoted the regression of EZH2-driven tumors in vivo, confirming oncogenic addiction to EZH2 in established tumors and providing the rationale for epigenetic therapy in a subset of lung cancer. Significance: EZH2 overexpression induces murine lung cancers that are similar to human NSCLC with high EZH2 expression and low levels of phosphorylated AKT and ERK, implicating biomarkers for EZH2 inhibitor sensitivity. Our EZH2 inhibitor, JQEZ5, promotes regression of these tumors, revealing a potential role for anti-EZH2 therapy in lung cancer. Cancer Discov; 6(9); 1006–21. ©2016 AACR. See related commentary by Frankel et al., p. 949. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 932
Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
Authors: J Lohnert, J Látal
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy, the most frequent type of spinal cord's function impairment in patients over 55 years of age, is caused by mechanical and dynamical changes in the degenerating lower cervical segment of the spine leading to the reduction of the perimedullar space, disturbing thus the blood supply or spinal cord per se. The clinical picture of neurologic changes and their development is very variable. The suspicion of CSM is supported by the finding of the stenosis of the spinal canal to 11 mm, or the decrease in Pavlov's index below 0.8. The diagnosis is based dominantly on CT myelographic examination and MRI. Operative solution has a favourable prognosis providing that the irreversible changes in the spinal cord are absent. (Tab. 1, Fig. 7, Ref. 12.)
CR-17RESISTANT CYSTIC CRANIOPHARYNGIOMAS: A MANAGEMENT DILEMMA. CASE SERIES DISCUSSED AT A NATIONAL VIRTUAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY FORUM FOR HYPOTHALAMO-PITUITARY AXIS TUMOURS (HPAT)
Authors: Jonathan Sue-Ling, Benedetta Pettorini, Ash Ederies, Kristian Aquilina, Heidi Traunecker, Joan Grieve, Ian Kamaly, Henry Mandeville, Helen Spoudeas
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
How do we remember traumatic events? Exploring the role of neuromodulation
Authors: Daniele Ortu
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract The seemingly puzzling datum that behavior decreases after punishing stimulation while individuals are still able to remember traumatic episodes is discussed in relation to dopaminergic and noradrenergic neuromodulation. The described mechanisms may contribute to an understanding of how occurrences of learning reconsolidation yield different outcomes across intra- and extra-therapeutic settings.
A Highly Inbred Line of Wistar Rats Yielding Spontaneous Mammo-somatotropic Pituitary and Other Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Untae Kim, Kelly H. Clifton, Jacob Furth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Spontaneous neoplasms of female rats of a highly inbred Wistar line are described. All neoplasms tested were found to be transplantable within the strain; many were hormone-dependent. Pituitary tumors were the most common neoplasm occurring in over 27 percent of rats surviving beyond 17 months of age. These “chromophobe adenomas,” like those induced by estrogens, were functional, having marked mammosomatotropic effects, and were variously responsive to estrogens. The secondary changes were more marked in rats with grafted than with spontaneous tumors. The almost equally common mammary fibroadenomas proved transplantable to all rats conditioned with grafted mammosomatotropic tumors but to only a few rats without them. Thus, these tumors appear to be autonomous but responsive to the mammotropic hormone(s) of the anterior pituitary. Their poor transplantability was due not to heterozygocity of the Wistar strain but to hormone dependence. For example, whereas transplantation succeeded in only 2 of 11 normal females (3 strains) after about a year of latency, all 3 mammary-tumor grafts in mammotropic-tumor-bearing animals took in all 13 rats after a mean latent period of 70 to 216 days. Secondary changes in the host suggested that the spontaneous adrenocortical tumor observed secreted corticoids. Three spontaneous leukemias and one malignant lymphoma tested proved transplantable to all adult animals of the strain. The usefulness of this strain in studies of the genesis and control of mammary tumors, leukemias, and some endocrine neoplasia is discussed.
THE GLOMUS PULMONALE
Authors: A E BECKER
Journal: Thorax (1969)

JOHN WRIGHT This has been evolved with a modified pulse duplicator and the use of a hot film probe for measuring velocity, direction, and turbulence.Many of the commercially available mitral valve prostheses are being investigated for their flow characteristics.In addition, efficiency is being examined and some unusual findings point to the possibility of a hydraulic ram effect in the normal mitral valve that allows opening to commence before the end of ventricular systole.TRIAL OF A NEW ANTI-MYXOVIRUS COMPOUND J. E. STARK Two hundred and sixty-four male students living in a hall of residence volunteered to take part in the trial and were randomly allocated into two groups.One group received a synthetic isoquinoline derivative (UK.2371) daily in divided doses and the other group received identical placebo tablets.During the five weeks of the trial tablets were distri- buted daily and volunteers were asked to return any tablets which had not been taken.As an additional guide to tablet acceptance a small quantity of isoniazid was incorporated into some active and placebo tablets and urine samples collected at appropriate times were tested for isoniazid derivatives.Volunteers were questioned each week about their health and were asked to report all respiratory and other illnesses.All respiratory illnesses were fully investigated for virus and mycoplasma infections.Full toxicity studies were carried out.
BMA annual meeting to debate whether new junior contract disadvantages women
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Doctors from across the UK profession are set to discuss whether the proposed new contract for junior doctors in England will disadvantage women, particularly those who train part time or have children.

Delegates at the BMA’s annual representative meeting (ARM) in Belfast will discuss the issues on Thursday 23 June. The motion is one of several that focus on issues related to the new contract. It says, “This meeting is appalled that changes in the junior doctor contract will disadvantage women, particularly those who are training part time, or who are carers or lone parents.”

Doctors previously raised concerns that the new contract discriminated against women when the government published an equality …
MB-26SHH DESMOPLASTIC/NODULAR MEDULLOBLASTOMA AND GORLIN SYNDROME IN THE SETTING OF DOWN SYNDROME: CASE REPORT WITH MOLECULAR PROFILING
Authors: Ross Mangum, Elizabeth Varga, Daniel R. Boue', David Capper, Martin Benesch, Jeffrey Leonard, Diana S. Osorio, Mohamed S. AbdelBaki, Christopher R. Pierson, Nicholas Zumberge, Felix Sahm, Daniel Schrimpf, Stefan Pfister, Jonathan L. Finlay
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
To the Editors
Authors: W. B. Grant
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

A final concern is that MCMANUS et al. [1] do not show whether spontaneously produced sputa and induced sputa were equally derived across all groups.Induction with hypertonic saline could dilute the Epstein-Barr virus DNA count.We are concerned that, particularly in the control group, induction of sputum production was needed.
Typhoid Fever
Authors: Huan J. Chang
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Typhoid FeverT yphoid fever, also known as enteric fever, is a disease caused by a bacterium called Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (Salmonella Typhi).Although it can be life-threatening, there is a less than 1% death rate among infected persons in the United States.Infected persons can develop sustained fever of up to 104°F (40°C), weakness, stomach pain, and headache.A rash (rose spots) may accompany the infection.According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there are about 300 cases of typhoid fever in the United States each year.The majority are in persons returning from international travels.There are about 20 million cases of typhoid fever causing 200 000 deaths worldwide yearly.The August 26, 2009, issue of JAMA includes an article about antibiotic resistance in typhoid fever.
Psychiatric Problems in Women Admitted to an Alcoholic Detoxification Center
Authors: Marc A. Schuckit, Elizabeth R. Morrissey
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors studied 293 consecutive female admissions to a public detoxification facility. One-half had a primary diagnosis of alcoholism; the rest had primary diagnosis of affective disorder (14%), antisocial personality (14%), drug abuse (6%) or did not meet the criteria for alcoholism (13%). Each subgroup had unique social backgrounds and characteristic histories of involvement with alcohol, drugs, and antisocial problems. The primary alcoholic woman in the detoxification center resembles the primary alcoholic man in the same setting. The authors underscore the importance of socioeconomic strata and primary versus secondary diagnosis in understanding the prognosis for alcoholics.
MB-29RECURRENT MEDULLOBLASTOMA AND ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMOR: PROLONGED SURVIVAL WITH AN ANTIANGIOGENIC COMBINATION THERAPY
Authors: Irene Slavc, Andreas Peyrl, Monika Chocholous, Amedeo Azizi, Thomas Czech, Karin Dieckmann, Christine Haberler, Johannes Gojo, Moritz Rauch, Chryssa Grylli
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
A novel method for closure of a choledochoduodenostomy in sump syndrome
Authors: Galip Ersoz, Fatih Tekin, Ilker Turan, Oktay Tekesin, Omer Ozutemiz
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 57-year-old woman with a history of a complicated open cholecystectomy and side-to-side choledochoduodenostomy (CDD) 25 years previously was admitted to our hospital with cholangitis. She had undergone five endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures with stone and debris extractions in another hospital during the preceding 2 years.
Increase in Incidence of Congenital Syphilis — United States, 2012–2014
Authors: Virginia Bowen, John Su, Elizabeth Torrone, Sarah Kidd, Hillard Weinstock
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Congenital syphilis (CS) occurs when a mother infected with syphilis transmits the infection to her child during pregnancy. CS can cause severe illness, miscarriage, stillbirth, and early infant death. However, among pregnant women with syphilis who deliver after 20 weeks gestation, maternal treatment with penicillin is 98% effective at preventing CS (1). In the United States, the rate of CS decreased during 1991–2005 but increased slightly during 2005–2008 (2). To assess recent trends in CS, CDC analyzed national surveillance data reported during 2008–2014, calculated rates, and described selected characteristics of infants with CS and their mothers. The overall rate of reported CS decreased from 10.5 to 8.4 cases per 100,000 live births during 2008–2012, and then increased to 11.6 cases per 100,000 live births in 2014, the highest CS rate reported since 2001. From 2012 to 2014, reported cases and rates of CS increased across all regions of the United States. To reduce CS, the timely identification of and response to increases in syphilis among women of reproductive age and men who have sex with women are essential. All women should have access to quality prenatal care, including syphilis screening and adequate treatment, during pregnancy (3).
An outbreak of measles in Algeciras, Spain, 2008 – a preliminary report
Authors: J Nieto-Vera, J Masa-Calles, J Dávila, J Molina-Font, M Jiménez, V Gallardo-García, J M Mayoral-Cortés
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

On 4 February 2008, the Andalusian Epidemiological Surveillance Network (SVEA) was notified of two epidemiologically linked cases of measles. By 18 April 2008, a total of 142 suspected cases of measles had been reported from Algeciras, a town in the south of Spain, with a population of approximately 110 000 inhabitants. Of the 142 reports, 57 cases were confirmed, 61 are still under investigation, and in 24 cases measles was ruled out by laboratory investigation.
Patient and staff reactions to a strike by essential hospital employees
Authors: G L Hogben, R Shulman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors sampled the feelings and attitudes of patients and staff toward an 8-day strike by 2,500 health care employees of a metropolitan hospital. The strike had a major impact, and most respondents felt angry at one of the parties of the strike. Sympathies toward the strikers and the hospital management were equally divided.
Complete removal of a colonic neoplasm extending into a diverticulum with hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection–mucosal resection and endoscopic band ligation
Authors: Taku Sakamoto, Seiichiro Abe, Takeshi Nakajima, Takahisa Matsuda, Fumihiko Nakamura, Hironori Kowazaki, Yutaka Saito
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Intramucosal neoplasm is a good indication for endoscopic treatment [1]; however, resection should be avoided when the lesion has spread into a diverticulum because of the high risk for perforation. The usefulness of endoscopic band ligation (EBL) for hemostasis in cases of hemorrhage from a colonic diverticulum has been reported [2] [3], and the "resect and discard strategy" has been used for adenomatous polyps [4]. Therefore, we hypothesized that EBL could be used to entrap an adenomatous lesion spreading into a diverticulum.
Expression of unmutated VH genes is a detrimental prognostic factor in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Karim Maloum, Frédéric Davi, Hélène Merle-Béral, Otto Pritsch, Christian Magnac, Françoise Vuillier, Guillaume Dighiero, Xavier Troussard, Francesca F. Mauro, Jacques Bénichou
Journal: Blood (2000)