tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multiple mechanisms for the carcinogenic effects of asbestos and other mineral fibers.
Authors: J C Barrett, P W Lamb, R W Wiseman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Asbestos and other mineral fibers are carcinogenic to humans and animals but differ from many carcinogens in that they do not induce gene mutations. An understanding of these interesting human carcinogens, therefore, is an important problem in cancer research. Asbestos and other fibers induce predominantly two types of cancers: mesotheliomas and bronchogenic carcinomas. Fiber size is an important factor in the carcinogenic activity of these substances as has been shown for mesothelioma induction. For bronchogenic carcinomas, but not for mesotheliomas, a synergistic effect of asbestos exposure and cigarette smoke has been observed in humans. The mechanisms by which fibers alone versus fibers in concert with other carcinogens induce cancers are probably distinct. In addition to fiber dimensions, fiber durability and surface properties of fibers are important properties affecting carcinogenicity. Evidence exists that asbestos is a complete carcinogen, an initiator and a promoter. Multiple mechanisms must be operative to explain the diverse effects of mineral fibers. Although asbestos is inactive as a gene mutagen, there is now clear evidence that it induces chromosomal mutations (aneuploidy and aberrations) in a wide variety of mammalian cells including mesothelial cells. Asbestos also induces transformation of cells in culture including mesothelial cells and fibroblasts. A mechanism for cell transformation, which is dependent on fiber dimension, has been proposed. The fibers are phagocytized by the cells and accumulate in the perinuclear region of the cells. When the cell undergoes mitosis, the physical presence of the fibers interferes with chromosome segregation and results in anaphase abnormalities. The transformed cells show aneuploidy and other chromosome abnormalities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
GW25-e1655 Identifying the predictor of clinical efficacy and safety by genotype vs. phenotype in patients receiving clopidogrel underwent PCI
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxing, Yuan Jinqing, Chen Jue, Gao Zhan, Qian Jie, Zhang Pei, Jia Youhong, Li Yishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 4725: High expression of TLR4 in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes proliferation and drug resistance.
Authors: Ping-Hui Tseng, Yi-Ting Liu, Yi-Chen Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expressed in hematopoietic cells have emerged as sensors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and are critical for innate immunity. Meanwhile, TLRs, especially TLR4, are also found to be expressed in various tumor cells. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), TLR4 in marcorphages and hepatic stellate cells has been shown to be involved in promoting tumorigenesis. It has also been reported that hepatocytes with hepatitis B or C virus infection, the risk factor for HCC, lead to up-regulation of TLR4. However, the association between TLR4 in hepatocytes and HCC has not been well-studied. Here, the hepatotic cells with different TLR4 expression from human cancer cell lines and DEN-induced mouse HCCs were investigated. The results demonstrated that proliferation and colony formation in cells with higher TLR4, but not in those with low TLR4, was enhanced in response to LPS. Additionally, Akt activation, cyclinD1 induction, IL-6 production and STAT3 activation were detected in LPS-sensitive cancer cells. We also found that HCC with LPS pretreatment was resistant to anti-tumor drug-induced cell death. In xenograft model, the results were also in line with in vitro experiments. Briefly, TLR4 expressed in liver cancer cells provide advantage in growth and survival in the present of PAMPs and DAMPs. Better understanding of TLR activation in HCC might help the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Citation Format: Ping-Hui Tseng, Yi-Ting Liu, Yi-Chen Cheng. High expression of TLR4 in hepatocellular carcinoma promotes proliferation and drug resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4725. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4725
Cardioglobulin
Authors: EDWARD LEONARD, STEPHEN HAJDU
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The plasma concentration of cardioglobulin C has been compared in hypertension, aortic stenosis, aortic insufficiency, and in a group of normal subjects. The concentration in subjects with aortic insufficiency was normal; whereas in the groups with aortic stenosis and with hypertension, the concentration was significantly increased. These findings suggest that there may be some relationship between the increased plasma concentration of cardio-globulin C and the development of increased left ventricular isometric tension in systole, which is characteristic of patients with aortic stenosis or essential hypertension. Cardioglobulin C concentration was measured in a group of patients with congestive heart failure secondary to valvular disease, and in two groups of patients with cardiac failure secondary to myocardial disease, either of known or of unknown cause. The results showed that the cardioglobulin C concentration in congestive failure secondary to valvular disease or to muscle disease of known cause was not significantly different from normal. The 17 patients with congestive failure secondary to muscle disease of unknown cause could be divided into two populations with respect to cardioglobulin C concentration. One group had concentrations which fell in the normal range, whereas the other group had extremely low values. The findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that the cardioglobulin system may be essential for maintaining normal myocardial contractility in warm-blooded animals.
Abstract 1525: Regulation of bone marrow angiogenesis by CXCL12 in the leukemia tumor microenvironment
Authors: Laura F. Gibson, Debra Piktel, Julie Diamond, John Cavendish, Marieta Gencheva, Robert Wysolmerski
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract While it is well established that angiogenesis is essential for the progression of solid tumors, its role in hematological tumors is more recently becoming fully appreciated. In the current study we have investigated the potential role of leukemic cells in regulating local angiogenesis as well as the modulation of tumor cell CXCL12 expression subsequent to interaction with bone marrow derived osteoblasts as one mechanism by which local vascular rich niches may be created. Human REH acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL; ATCC #CRL-8286) increased vessel density when placed on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Conditioned media from these same tumor cells increased human brain microvessel endothelial cell (HBMEC) motility and tube formation suggesting leukemia cell influence on surrounding vasculature. Strikingly, while REH cells express negligible CXCL12 at baseline, the chemokine is consistently induced to easily detectable levels upon co-culture with human osteoblasts indicating one mechanism by which tumor cells within the bone marrow microenvironment may be poised to enhance vascular cell recruitment even more robustly than leukemic cells alone. Preliminary evaluation of primary, patient-derived ALL leukophoresis samples demonstrated a comparable increase in tumor cell CXCL12 indicating this modulation is not limited to an established tumor cell line. Increased expression of CXCL12 by REH leukemic cells was consistent with enhanced chemotaxis of HUVECs toward the co-culture of tumor and osteoblasts when compared to either cell type alone. The inclusion of 5-Aza-deoxycytidine (Aza-C) to REH cells alone resulted in expression of CXCL12 in the absence of osteoblast co-culture, suggesting methylation may play a regulatory role in the suppression of this chemokine. As a site in which metastatic disease is often refractory to standard therapy, in addition to the anatomical niche in which hematopoietic malignancies initiate and most frequently relapse, regulation of local angiogenesis in the bone marrow microenvironment requires further investigation. Our preliminary observations suggest CXCL12 may play an important role in regulating leukemic cell niche angiogenesis, and targeting it could potentially represent a novel application of antagonists currently in clinical trials in an effort to treat refractory leukemia. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1525. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1525
A new and timely delusion: the complaint of having AIDS
Authors: S L Mahorney, J O Cavenar
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Delusions presented by patients with psychiatric disorders are often a combination of psychopathology and current events. The authors present three cases that document the delusion of having acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in patients who were not members of high-risk groups but had psychiatric disorders. This clinical phenomenon raises psychodynamic issues as well as adds a new dimension to the controversy over AIDS testing.
Abstract 644: Anti-tumor activities of antibodies targeting the RON receptor and a biomarker of response
Authors: Kerry Whalen, James Gifford, Andrea Boudrow, Kristan Meetze, William Winston, Qing Liu, Lorena Lerner, Bin Feng, Jinwei Jiang, Lynette Cook, Michael DiPrima, Ting Chen, Solly Weiler, Jeno Gyuris, May Han
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract RON is a receptor tyrosine kinase of the MET family. Stimulation by its ligand, Macrophage Stimulating Protein (MSP), activates a signaling cascade leading to cell growth, migration, invasion and resistance to apoptosis. In animal models, RON overexpression in breast and lung results in tumor growth and metastasis. RON receptor activation in animal models also play a role in tumor-host interactions such as osteolytic bone destruction and tumor associated macrophage infiltration. RON overexpression has been demonstrated in several solid tumors including pancreatic, breast, ovarian and colon. RON overexpression is correlated with disease progression and shorter survival in ovarian and colon cancer. Several isoforms of RON have been reported, including a potentially oncogenic form, RON Δ160 in CRC. Given the strong evidence for the involvement of RON in numerous aspects of tumor biology, investigating an anti-RON antibody as cancer therapy is warranted. We have identified and characterized a panel of antagonistic murine anti-human RON antibodies. Humanization of two antibodies resulted in Superhumanized™ anti-RON antibodies that are capable of inhibiting MSP dependent RON downstream signaling, cell migration and invasion in vitro. The anti-RON antibodies have subnanomolar binding affinity to wildtype RON and RON Δ160 receptors. The lead antibody is capable of internalizing and degrading the receptor in vitro and in vivo. The antibodies are capable of inhibiting growth of engineered murine models that are driven by wildtype or RON Δ160 receptor, as well as traditional human cancer xenografts. Given the complex role of RON in tumor biology, identification of response biomarkers is crucial for identifying the patient populations most likely to benefit from treatment. A multi-gene biomarker potentially predictive of tumor response to RON antibody, the RON pathway index, was tested and validated using a panel of human cancer cell line xenografts. Current results demonstrate a statistically significant correlation between the degree of tumor growth inhibition by anti-RON antibody treatment and RON pathway index value. Thus, we have identified a biomarker of tumor response to anti-RON antibody that can potentially help us identify tumor types or tumor subtypes of interest in the clinic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 644. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-644
Unusual Tc-99m Methylene Diphosphonate Uptake by Clinically Suspected Adrenal Metastases From Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Li-Fan Lin, Cheng-Yi Cheng, Cheng-Han Hou, Daniel H. Shen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

In a 64-year-old female patient with hepatocellular carcinoma and increasing serum alpha-fetoprotein level, a newly developed mass lesion over the right adrenal region was detected by computed tomography, whereas the same lesion also demonstrated prominent fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on the following fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Then, adrenal metastasis was clinically diagnosed. Interesting, a cap-like Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate uptake over the right suprarenal region of right kidney was noted on the whole body bone scan, which was not shown on the prior study in 1 year ago. In this case, bone-seeking agents unusually accumulated within the supra-renal lesion are highly associated with adrenal metastasis, which is rarely reported before, and the possible etiologies are being discussed.
P1206 ITPA GENE VARIANTS AND ANEMIA DURING TELAPREVIR/PEGINTERFERON/RIBAVIRIN COMBINATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C INFECTION
Authors: M. Tuefferd, E. Palescandolo, L. Vijgen, M. Colombo, S. Roberts, H. Wedemeyer, S. Zeuzem, S. De Meyer, R. Demasi, J. Witek, I. Lonjon-Domanec, J. Aerssens
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
How to improve biopsy sampling of bile duct strictures: use small- or large-cup biopsy forceps or imagine another kind of forceps!
Authors: Y. Ustundag, T. Baron
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

We read with interest the article by Ikeda et al. about the use of large-capacity forceps for obtaining tissue in cases with extrahepatic biliary strictures [1]. In this study, the authors compared two different sized biopsy forceps in 32 patients with extrahepatic biliary strictures to determine pathologic diagnostic rate, specimen adequacy, and submucosal tissue sampling rates. They found that biopsies obtained using the large-cup forceps (2.4 mm) yielded a significantly higher diagnostic sensitivity than biopsies obtained using the standard small-cup forceps (1.8 mm). This was particularly true in cases with bile duct cancer (92 % vs. 50 %, respectively). To date, this is the highest rate of diagnosis reported in the literature, where the range is from 43 % to 81 % [2] [3] [4]. Overall, including patients with extrahepatic biliary strictures other than bile duct cancer, Ikeda et al. found that large-cup forceps provided a higher pathologic diagnostic rate (70 % vs. 43 %) and were reported to be much better in adequacy and submucosal tissue sampling than small-cup biopsy forceps [1].
Abstract 2295: miR-342 modulates ID4 expression in breast cancer
Authors: Elisabetta Crippa, Lara Lusa, Antonio Fiorino, Edoardo Marchesi, Loris De Cecco, Marco A. Pierotti, Manuela Gariboldi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Integration of the results from a transcriptome profiling of coding and non coding RNAs (miRNA) on familial (BRCA1- or BRCA2-mutated, or BRCAX) and sporadic breast cancers identified possible miRNA-dependent mechanisms associated with the different BRCA groups analyzed. Among the miRNA/target gene pairs found, we focused on that composed by miR-342 and ID4 gene. ID4 is a negative regulator of B-HLH transcription factors frequently expressed in cancer and miR-342 is deregulated in many cancers, including breast. All of our groups had relatively high expression of miR-342 and low expression of ID4, except for one subgroup of BRCAX cases (named BRCAXa, comprising cases with clinical characteristics similar to BRCA1) that had reciprocal expression patterns of this pair. We evaluated the expression levels of the putative pair in different breast cancer cell lines and found that ID4 gene expression was on average higher in estrogen receptor negative (ER-) cells; on the contrary, miR-342 had higher expression in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) cells. The direct binding of miR-342 to the 3′ UTR of ID4 and its potential inhibitory effect was functionally validated using a reporter luciferase system. Reciprocal expression of miR-342 and ID4 was then confirmed in vitro in the triple negative MDA-MB-231 cell line, that, similarly to the BRCAXa subgroup, had low expression of miR-342 and where miR-342 introduction reduced ID4 protein levels. ID4 is a negative regulator of BRCA1 and modulation of its expression in breast cancer is inversely related with that of BRCA1. Being ID4 a target of miR-342, we hypothesized a relationship between these two genes and the miRNA and that low levels of miR-342 could provide a mechanism for increasing ID4 that negatively regulates BRCA1 expression. Analysis of their levels in our cases supported this thesis. In the BRCAXa class lower levels of miR-342 were associated with reduced expression of BRCA1. We hypothesized that down-regulation of ID4 through miR-342 could provide a mechanism for increasing BRCA1 expression. We tested this hypothesis in the MDA-MB-231 cells, where we found miR-342 mediated downregulation of ID4, but no increase in the expression of BRCA1 at either gene or protein levels. These results showed that ID4 is a validated target of miR342 and propose a role of miR-342 in familial breast cancer where it could impair expression of ID4. Targets of ID4 different than BRCA1 can be altered in the BRCAXa subgroup. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2295. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2295
An Outbreak of Foodborne Giardiasis
Authors: Michael T. Osterholm, Jan C. Forfang, Terry L. Ristinen, Andrew G. Dean, John W. Washburn, Janice R. Godes, Richard A. Rude, John G. McCullough
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

GIARDIA LAMBLIA is recognized as an important cause of acute illness in human beings. Community-wide waterborne outbreaks of giardiasis have been documented with increasing frequency, 1 2 3 4 5 and backpackers have become ill after drinking water from mountain streams.6 , 7 Giardiasis has also occurred among travelers to foreign countries, although the methods of transmission in these situations are not clear.8 9 10 Person-to-person transmission has been demonstrated in mental institutions, 11 12 13 in day-care centers, 14 , 15 and among male homosexuals.16 17 18 To our knowledge, fecally contaminated food has not been documented to be a vehicle for the transmission of giardiasis, even though the fecal-oral route of transmission has been well . . .
Surveillance for outbreaks of gastroenteritis in elderly long-term care facilities in France, November 2010 to May 2012
Authors: A S Barret, N Jourdan-da Silva, K Ambert-Balay, G Delmas, A Bone, J  M Thiolet, V Vaillant
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

This article describes outbreaks of gastroenteritis in elderly long-term care facilities (LTCF) in France from November 2010 to May 2012 reported through the surveillance system for gastroenteritis outbreaks in LTCF. A total of 1,072 outbreaks were reported, causing 26,551 episodes of illness and 60 deaths. The median attack rate (AR) among residents was 32%. Norovirus and person-to-person transmission were the most frequently reported aetiology and mode of transmission. Control measures were implemented in 1,054 (98%) outbreaks and for 928 outbreaks, the timing of such measures could be inferred. Of these, 799 (86%) had put control measures into effect within three days of the occurrence of the first case. Outbreaks of gastroenteritis in LTCF cause substantial morbidity and mortality among elderly people in France. LTCF are encouraged to develop infection prevention and control plans and to notify any gastroenteritis outbreak to health authorities to ensure rapid control.
PREDICTORS AND OUTCOMES OF SIDE BRANCH OCCLUSION IN CORONARY CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION (CTO) INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Phuong-Khanh Jessica Nguyen-Trong, Bavana Rangan, Georgios Christopoulos, Georgios Christakopoulos, Michael Luna, Shuaib Abdullah, Dharam Kumbhani, Tayo Addo, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
1971–1991: Molecular Oncology Comes Into Its Own
Authors: Elaine Blume
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article 1971–1991: Molecular Oncology Comes Into Its Own Get access Elaine Blume Elaine Blume Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 14, 17 July 1991, Pages 983–985, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.14.983 Published: 17 July 1991
Abstract LB-43: Community health advisors: a model in community outreach and health education
Authors: Brenda M. Kyles
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Shelby County Health Department's goal is to become the healthiest and safest community in Tennessee. Our mission is to promote, protect and improve the health and environment of all Shelby County residents. We place emphasis on the following programs: environmental health, epidemiology, health education, maternal and child health, immunizations, STD, HIV and AIDs, breast and cervical cancer screening and treatment and Tuberculosis management. We are committed to closing the gaps in health status and access to care among our community's diverse populations and reducing the occurrence of preventable disease and premature death among all Shelby County residents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-43. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-43
Hypophyseal-Stalk Section in the Treatment of Advancing Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Richard A. Field, William A. Hall, Joel S. Contreras, William H. Sweet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

SINCE the appearance of Poulsen's1 report describing the cessation of advance and healing of existing lesions of severe diabetic retinopathy in a woman with post-partum hypopituitarism (Sheehan's syndrome), there has been considerable interest in surgical or radiation-source implantation hypophysectomy as a therapeutic approach to this complication of diabetes. Luft et al.2 have presented the largest series of cases treated by ablative hypophysectomy, and sporadic reports have appeared, some favorable and others unfavorable, of experience with this radical approach. Root, Ditzel and Mirsky3 expressed the consensus concerning this therapy of retinopathy when they urged that further study and more data be . . .