tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tc-99m HMPAO white blood cell scintigraphy in the assessment of the extent and severity of an acute exacerbation of ulcerative colitis.
Authors: R Bennink, M Peeters, G D'Haens, P Rutgeerts, L Mortelmans
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with frequent exacerbations, including the risk for toxic megacolon and severe complications. In very active disease, colonoscopy should not be performed to assess the severity and the extent of the disease. The aim of the current study was to determine whether Tc-99m HMPAO–labeled white blood cell (WBC) scintigraphy can be used as an alternative to colonoscopy to determine the extent and the severity of the disease in critically ill patients. Methods Twenty consecutive patients (7 women, 13 men; age 38.1 ± 13.1 years) who had a severe attack of UC underwent scintigraphy on the day of admission. Leukocytes were labeled with 200 MBq (5.35 mCi) Tc-99m HMPAO. Planar anterior and posterior imaging of the abdomen was performed 45 and 120 minutes after WBC reinjection. The tracer uptake in the different colon segments was scored visually compared with bone marrow uptake. A symptom score was made and C-reactive protein was measured as a serologic marker of inflammation. Rectosigmoidoscopy with biopsy was performed within 24 hours of scintigraphy. Scintigraphic, endoscopic, and histologic results were compared for disease activity. Results The mean symptom score was 12.7 (±0.7) on a scale of 21, and mean the C-reactive protein level was 6.8 (±1.2) mg/l. No significant difference was found between the scintigraphic score of the rectum and the endoscopic or the histologic score. The best correlation was found with the latter (r = 0.66, P < 0.01). Based on the results of scintigraphy, disease involved the left side of the colon up to the splenic flexure in 10 patients. The other patients had pancolitis. Conclusions Disease severity can be determined adequately by planar WBC scintigraphy in patients with severe attacks of UC. Because the presence and severity of disease correlates well with endoscopic and histologic findings, WBC scintigraphy can assess disease extent without the need for colonoscopy. This decreases the number and severity of complications that can occur in already critically ill patients.
Clinical and Biomarker Changes in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Jose C Florez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

describe clinical and biomarker changes in dom-inantly inherited Alzheimer’s disease. The big question is whether our increasing knowledge about inherited Alzheimer’s disease can also be applied to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, which occurs approximately 100 times as frequently as the inherited form of the disease. The clinical and biomarker changes in patients with inherited Alzheimer’s disease correspond quite well with what is expected to occur in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease.
Effect of External Magnetic Field on IV 99mTc-Labeled Aminosilane-Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Mauro Liberatore, Mario Barteri, Valentina Megna, Piera D’Elia, Stefania Rebonato, Augusto Latini, Francesca De Angelis, Francesca Anna Scaramuzzo, Maria Egle De Stefano, Noemi Antonella Guadagno, Sotirios Chondrogiannis, Anna Margherita Maffione, Domenico Rubello, Alessandro Pala, Patrick M. Colletti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Among the most interesting applications of ferromagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) in medicine is the potential for localizing pharmacologically or radioactively tagged agents directly to selected tissues selected by an adjustable external magnetic field. This concept is demonstrated by the application external magnetic field on IV Tc-labeled aminosilane-coated iron oxide NPs in a rat model. In a model comparing a rat with a 0.3-T magnet over a hind paw versus a rat without a magnet, a static acquisition at 45 minutes showed that 27% of the administered radioactivity was in the area subtended by the magnet, whereas the liver displays a percentage of binding of 14% in the presence of the magnet and of 16% in the absence of an external magnetic field. These preliminary results suggest that the application of an external magnetic field may be a viable route for the development of methods for the confinement of magnetic NPs labeled with radioactive isotopes targeted for predetermined sites of the body.
Studies on the Genesis of Atherosclerosis : For the Influx of Serum Lipoprotein into the Aortic Wall
Authors: Kosei Higuchi
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Doubtlessly there are a number of factors participating in the pathogenesis of arterio-sclerosis, and it has been immunologically and dietetically established through experiments on animals that lipemia and a chronological factor, above all, are playing important roles. As the origin of the lipid deposited on the sclerotic lesion opinions are diversified ; some attributing it to blood, others to the synthesis in the arterial wall and so forth, but at present the former seems to have gained general acceptance. Any lipid in a living body exists in the form of lipoprotein, therefore, if the lipid in the sclerotic lesion is to have been derived from blood, the process may have been accomplished through lipoprotein. There have been so far a few reports concerning the influx of lipid into the aortic endothelium studied with radioactive cholesterol as a tracer. In the present investigation, the influx of lipid in the form of lipoprotein was studied both in vitro and in vivo, and the following results were obtained : (Table I) Results A) In vitro 1) Determination of radioactivity of the various component of lipids in serum low and high density lipoproteins were made three hours after the administration of cholesterol-4-C14 to the rabbit. Both with low and high density lipoproteins, most of the radioactivity was seen concentrated on free cholesterol. 2) Using the above mentioned low and high density lipoproteins, the aortic wall of the rabbit was incubated for three hours within the Warburg aparatus confiming the survival of the tissue. As a result, it was found that the influx in the normal aortic endothelium was higher than that in the plaque area. The value was also higher for the normal aortic endothelium plus mesothelium than that for the plaques. It appeared that radioactivity was reduced in the aortic wall denatured by 30 minutes boiling, compared with that the living one.
DMSO Reduction Strategies Reduce DMSO Induced Post Autologous Transplant Morbidity In Patients with Lymphoma and Myeloma –Results from an EBMT Non Interventional Prospective Study
Authors: Curly TCM Morris, Marijke Scholten, Liesbeth de Wreede, Anja van Biezen, Ebbe Dickmeiss, Marek Trneny, Jane F. Apperley, Patrizia Chiusolo, Gustaaf Van Imhoff, Stig Lenhoff, Lutz Uharek, Giovanni Martinelli, Marcus Hentrich, Anna Sureda, Theo M de Witte, Tapani Ruutu
Journal: Blood (2010)
Cisapride for the treatment of nausea produced by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Authors: R Bergeron, P Blier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

A low dose of cisapride (5 mg b.i.d.) produced rapid relief from nausea elicited by the initiation of treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in eight patients. This effect of cisapride is presumably related to its serotonin3 antagonistic property.
Eighth International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria and the Diphtheria Surveillance Network - June 2004: Progress is needed to sustain control of diphtheria in European Region
Authors: A De Zoysa, A Efstratiou
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

The Eighth International Meeting of the European Laboratory Working Group on Diphtheria (ELWGD) and the Diphtheria Surveillance Network (DIPNET) was held and co-organised with the WHO Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark, in June 2004. This article provides an international updated review of progress in clinical, epidemiological and microbiological aspects of diphtheria in the European region as presented at the meeting. It highlights the need for improved immunisation coverage, surveillance and epidemiological studies to sustain control of diphtheria in European Region.
Mass hysteria among student performers: social relationship as a symptom predictor
Authors: G W Small, M W Propper, E T Randolph, S Eth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

In April 1989 an outbreak of illness suddenly afflicted student performers in Santa Monica, Calif., and an extensive investigation revealed no environmental cause. To clarify the details of the epidemic and determine whether mass hysteria occurred, the authors examined physical, psychological, and social factors that might have contributed to the outbreak.Participating middle- and high-school performers were surveyed; 93% (N = 519) responded; cases were defined as students who had one or more symptoms during the outbreak. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant predictors of illness.Characteristic features of mass hysteria were present, including preponderance of illness in girls, symptom transmission by sight or sound, presence of hyperventilation, and evidence of psychological or physical stress. Symptomatic and asymptomatic groups differed in frequency of several physical and psychological variables, but observing a friend become sick was the best predictor of the development of symptoms.These results confirm earlier research demonstrating multiple psychological and physical factors that contribute to such outbreaks, particularly symptom transmission through social networks. Investigators should explore social transmission as an additional characteristic feature of mass hysteria in order to facilitate early identification of future outbreaks.
Reticulum-Cell Sarcoma of Rats. Experimental Production with Trypan Blue
Authors: Brown, David V., Thorson, Theodore A.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Reticulum-Cell Sarcoma of Rats. Experimental Production with Trypan Blue Get access David V. Brown, M.D., David V. Brown, M.D. Laboratory Service, Veterans Administration Hospital and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Theodore A. Thorson, M.D. Theodore A. Thorson, M.D. Laboratory Service, Veterans Administration Hospital and Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 5, April 1956, Pages 1181–1195, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.5.1181 Published: 01 April 1956 Article history Received: 02 November 1955 Published: 01 April 1956
Transrectal Hyperthermia-Induced Histological and Ultrastructural Changes of Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Tissue
Authors: Gaetano Bulfamante, Laura Galli, Vincenzo Matozzo, Paolo Consonni, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi, Giorgio Guazzoni, Renzo Colombo
Journal: European Urology (1992)
Expression of O<sup>6</sup>-Alkylguanine-DNA Alkyltransferase in Mer<sup>+</sup> and Mer<sup>-</sup> Human Cell Extracts Probed with Specific Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: M A von Wronski, D D Bigner, T P Brent
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

The response of human cells to the mutagenic, carcinogenic, and lethal effects of alkylating agents that produce O6-alkylguanine adducts in DNA is largely determined by the cellular content of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase. Because a subgroup of human tumor cell lines (termed Mer-) that are hypersensitive to such agents appears to lack the transferase activity, we questioned whether this DNA-repair protein is produced in a non-functional mutant form or is simply not expressed in such cells. Ten human cell lines were examined by immunoblot analysis of crude extracts with monoclonal antibodies specific for the human alkyltransferase. Four Mer+ cell lines, high in transferase activity, clearly expressed the protein. This repair protein, however, was immunologically undetectable in six Mer- cell lines. It should be feasible therefore to predict sensitivity to O6-guanine-alkylating drugs or carcinogens by immunohistochemical staining of tumor or tissue specimens.
Upregulated Glucose Metabolism Correlates Inversely with CD8+ T-cell Infiltration and Survival in Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Christian H. Ottensmeier, Kate L. Perry, Elena L. Harden, Jana Stasakova, Veronika Jenei, Jason Fleming, Oliver Wood, Jeongmin Woo, Christopher H. Woelk, Gareth J. Thomas, Stephen M. Thirdborough
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Antibodies that block T-cell-regulatory checkpoints have recently emerged as a transformative approach to cancer treatment. However, the clinical efficacy of checkpoint blockade depends upon inherent tumor immunogenicity, with variation in infiltrating T cells contributing to differences in objective response rates. Here, we sought to understand the molecular correlates of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), using a systems biologic approach to integrate publicly available omics datasets with histopathologic features. We provide evidence that links TIL abundance and therapeutic outcome to the regulation of tumor glycolysis by EGFR and HIF, both of which are attractive molecular targets for use in combination with immunotherapeutics. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4136-48. ©2016 AACR.
Gregory Anthony Hugh Cookson
Authors: Toby Cookson
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Gregory Anthony Hugh Cookson was born on 24 April 1928 in Bristol. He weighed 4 lbs at birth and spent the first month of his life sleeping in a cot made from a large cardboard shoe box balanced on top of a radiator to keep him warm.

His father was a general practitioner, and from an early age Gregory had an ambition to study medicine.

He was keen to study in Dublin, like his father, but …
Association of ciprofloxacin prescriptions to outpatients to Clostridium difficile infections
Authors: S Borgmann, T Jakobiak, H Gruber, M Reil, H Schröder, M Kist, U Sagel
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

To study if antibiotic treatment of outpatients had triggered Clostridium difficile infections (CDI), prescription numbers were compared with CDI-affected patient numbers. A strong correlation was observed for ciprofloxacin (R=0.917), suggesting that increased use of ciprofloxacin by outpatients contributed to increased numbers of CDI. These findings deserve further investigation as they may have an impact on future decisions regarding antibiotic prescribing.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients Harbor Very Low Frequency Stereotypic Immunoglobulin CDR3 Sequences
Authors: Jennifer R. Brown, Mark Klinger, Kieran Hervold, Stacey M. Fernandes, Kevin Hoang, Malek Faham, Yasuhiro Oki, Jeffrey L. Wolf, Joaquin Martinez-Lopez
Journal: Blood (2014)
Prevention of apoptosis averts glomerular tubular disconnection and podocyte loss in proteinuric kidney disease
Authors: Ievgeniia Burlaka, Linnéa M. Nilsson, Lena Scott, Ulla Holtbäck, Ann-Christine Eklöf, Agnes B. Fogo, Hjalmar Brismar, Anita Aperia
Journal: Kidney International (2016)

There is a great need for treatment that arrests progression of chronic kidney disease. Increased albumin in urine leads to apoptosis and fibrosis of podocytes and tubular cells and is a major cause of functional deterioration. There have been many attempts to target fibrosis, but because of the lack of appropriate agents, few have targeted apoptosis. Our group has described an ouabain-activated Na,K-ATPase/IP3R signalosome, which protects from apoptosis. Here we show that albumin uptake in primary rat renal epithelial cells is accompanied by a time- and dose-dependent mitochondrial accumulation of the apoptotic factor Bax, down-regulation of the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-xL and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Ouabain opposes these effects and protects from apoptosis in albumin-exposed proximal tubule cells and podocytes. The efficacy of ouabain as an antiapoptotic and kidney-protective therapeutic tool was then tested in rats with passive Heymann nephritis, a model of proteinuric chronic kidney disease. Chronic ouabain treatment preserved renal function, protected from renal cortical apoptosis, up-regulated Bax, down-regulated Bcl-xL, and rescued from glomerular tubular disconnection and podocyte loss. Thus we have identified a novel clinically feasible therapeutic tool, which has the potential to protect from apoptosis and rescue from loss of functional tissue in chronic proteinuric kidney disease.
Extended Thromboprophylaxis with Betrixaban in Acutely Ill Medical Patients
Authors: Alexander T. Cohen, Robert A. Harrington, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Russell D. Hull, Brian L. Wiens, Alex Gold, Adrian F. Hernandez, C. Michael Gibson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Patients with acute medical illnesses are at prolonged risk for venous thrombosis. However, the appropriate duration of thromboprophylaxis remains unknown.
The Effect of Hepatic Impairment on Outcomes in Phase I Clinical Trials in Cancer Subjects
Authors: Aaron S. Mansfield, Michelle A. Rudek, Diana Vulih, Gary L. Smith, Pamela Jo Harris, S. Percy Ivy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

The NCI Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program sponsors hepatic dysfunction phase I clinical trials (HDCT) and phase 1 clinical trials (P1CT) to determine safe doses and schedules of antineoplastic therapeutics. We sought to compare clinical outcomes between these trial types while stratifying by hepatotoxic agents.Individual subject data were extracted from the records of 51 NCI-sponsored HDCT and P1CT. The NCI's Organ Dysfunction Working Group's hepatic impairment categorization and two drug-induced liver injury (DILI) scales (FDA R ratio and Hy's law) were used to classify subjects. The number of cycles administered and treatment discontinuation reason were also evaluated and compared between groups.There were 513 and 1,328 subjects treated on HDCT (n = 9) and P1CT (n = 42), respectively. There were differing patterns of DILI with significant worsening of total bilirubin in subjects on HDCT, and worsening of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in subjects on P1CT. Cholestatic peak patterns of liver impairment (predominant increases in alkaline phosphatase rather than transaminases) were more frequent in HDCT. Criteria for Hy's law were met by 11 subjects on P1CT, but not by any subjects on HDCT. Disease progression was the most common reason for treatment discontinuation, followed by adverse events at similar frequencies in both HDCT and P1CT.The differential effects on hepatotoxicity suggest that underlying hepatic function may affect susceptibility to and patterns of DILI. The incorporation of additional measures of hepatic function may help identify those at highest risk of hepatotoxicity in future trials because baseline liver tests did not. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5472-9. ©2016 AACR.
Lithium-discontinuation-induced refractoriness: preliminary observations
Authors: R M Post, G S Leverich, L Altshuler, K Mikalauskas
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The authors used a systematic life-chart methodology to observe four patients with bipolar disorder in whom long periods (6-15 years) of effective lithium prophylaxis were followed by relapses on lithium discontinuation. Once the drug was reinstituted, it was no longer effective. The incidence, predictors, and mechanisms underlying this phenomenon all require further systematic study. The current preliminary observations suggest an additional reason for caution when lithium discontinuation in the well-maintained patient is considered.
Perforation of a Gastric Ulcer into the Pericardium
Authors: F H WEISZ
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of Recurrent Preterm Delivery by 17 Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate
Authors: Leo R Brancazio, Amy P Murtha, R Phillps Heine
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

to the editor: After reading the article by Meis et al. (June 12 issue), 1 we strongly discourage practitioners from using 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate in the care of women who have had preterm deliveries, until more investigation is done. Although initially enthusiastic about the results, which showed a risk reduction among the women who received 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, we were concerned about the high rate of recurrent preterm delivery among the women who received placebo. The Methods section states that the placebo was castor oil. Ricinoleic acid, the active ingredient in castor oil, is a known uterine stimulant. 2,3 Castor oil is used to induce labor. 4 We speculate that the high rate of preterm delivery in the placebo group was due to the injections of castor oil. If the study medication was given in castor oil (the authors do not say whether it was), then any beneficial effect may have been negated by the vehicle. If not, then the rate of preterm delivery among those receiving 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate was no better than that in the historical controls. 5
Effect of ascorbate on abnormal neutrophil, platelet and lymphocytic function in a patient with the Chediak-Higashi syndrome
Authors: RS Weening, EP Schoorel, D Roos, ML van Schaik, AA Voetman, AA Bot, AM Batenburg- Plenter, C Willems, WP Zeijlemaker, A Astaldi
Journal: Blood (1981)
Quantitation of Mineralocorticoid Activity and Antagonism in Normal Subjects
Authors: C L GANTT, J M DYNIEWICZ
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal