tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Doxazosin use in prostate cancer patients: Its effect on development of metastases.
Authors: Brian Haines, Perrin Jhaveri, Bingcheng Wang, Timothy E. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e16595 Background: Members of the erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) receptor tyrosine kinases have been known to play important roles in many different cancers1,2. In prostate cancer it has been shown that a specific Eph receptor, EphA2, when stimulated by its ligand, ephrin-A1, leads to inhibition of cell proliferation and suppression of cell migration3,4. Doxazosin has been identified to activate EphA25. We performed a retrospective chart review to investigate if there was a lower rate of prostate cancer metastases among prostate cancer patients who took doxazosin compared to those who did not. Methods: Between 1999 and 2014, 941 patients with prostate cancer were identified at MetroHealth Cancer Care Center. Criteria for doxazosin use included: use within 5 years before prostate cancer diagnosis; initiation at least 3 months before diagnosis of metastasis; and duration of at least 6 months. After the data was collected a chi square analysis was performed to evaluate the data for statistical significance. Results: Of the 941 patients identified with prostate cancer, 121 met the criteria for doxazosin use. Of the 121 patients who used doxazosin, 9 developed metastases (7.4%). Of the 785 patients who did not use doxazosin, 113 developed metastases (14.4%). This difference met statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Through stimulation of the EphA2 tyrosine kinase, doxazosin has been shown to decrease the ability of prostate cancer cells to metastasize in an orthotopic xenograft model of human prostate cancer cells5. A 15 year single institution study of prostate cancer patients suggests that doxazosin use was associated with a significantly decreased rate of prostate cancer metastasis. Further analysis will be performed to determine if this finding is confirmed after controlling for other risk factors for progression to metastasis, such as grade and stage. If confirmed then a prospective, randomized trial should be considered. 1Pasquale E; Nature Rev. Cancer, 2010 Mar;10(3):165-80 2Miao H., and Wang B. Cell Dev Biol. 2012 Feb;23(1):16-25. 3Miao H. et al. Cancer Cell. 2009 Jul 7;16(1):9-20 4Wang B. Sci Signal. 2011 May 31;4(175):pe28. 5Petty A et al. PloS One. 2012;7:8
Comparison of venous thromboemboli (VTE) incidence in cancer patients who are on statin therapy versus those not on statin therapy.
Authors: T. A. Giever, K. M. Adwan, Y. Cheng, E. L. Atallah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9033 Background: The pleiotropic effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) have been under investigation in recent years and include improvement of endothelial dysfunction, increased nitric oxide bioavailability, antioxidant properties, inhibition of inflammatory responses, and stabilization of atherosclerotic disease. Additionally, statins have recently been shown to decrease the incidence of VTE in the general population (Glynn RJ et al. NEJM 2009). Our aim in this study was to evaluate the effect of statin use on the incidence of VTE in patients with cancer. Methods: We performed a chart review of patients diagnosed with cancer in 2006 and 2007 at the Milwaukee Veterans Affairs hospital and identified those who developed a VTE. We also identified patients who were undergoing statin therapy (st+ve) and those not on a statin (st-ve). St+ve was defined as either on a statin at the time of a VTE or 3 consecutive months of use at any point in time in those without a VTE. Proportions were compared using the chi-square test. Survival was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimates and was compared using the log rank test. Results: Of the 1,175 patients identified, the median age was 65 (25-96), 1,148 were male (98%), and 548 (47%) had received statin therapy. The primary sites of cancer were genito-urinary (40%), lung (20%), gastrointestinal (12%), head/neck (8%), hematological malignancies (5%), liver/pancreas (4%), skin (4%), caner of unknown primary site (3%) and other cancers (4%). Overall, 90 (7.7%) had a documented VTE. The incidence of VTE was 4.7% and 10.2% in st+ve and st- ve patients respectively (p = <0.001). The median survival for all patients was 1300 days. The median survival for patients with and without a VTE was 474 days and 1,300 days respectively (p = <0.0001). The median survival for st-ve and st+ve patients was 980 days and 1300 days respectively (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Statins decrease the incidence of VTE in cancer patients and may additionally provide a survival benefit. These results should be confirmed in large randomized prospective studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Progress and Challenges in Scaling Up Laboratory Monitoring of HIV Treatment
Authors: Peter H. Kilmarx, Raiva Simbi
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

UNAIDS has set ambitious global targets for the year 2020 of diagnosing 90% of all people living with HIV (PLWHIV), initiating antiretroviral treatment (ART) for 90% of those diagnosed with HIV infection and achieving an undetectable viral load in 90% of those on ART [1].Significant progress has been made in reaching that goal.As of the end of 2015, 17 million people were accessing ART, which was over 45% of all PLWHIV [2].Laboratory testing is a critical component in reaching these goals [3].Measurement of CD4+ T-lymphocytes (CD4 testing) is used to assess immunologic suppression from HIV infection and response to ART, while viral load testing is used to assess ART efficacy.The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines call for CD4 testing every six months and for viral load testing after six months and every 12 months thereafter for patients on ART [4].New WHO HIV treatment guidelines, which recommend initiation of ART at any CD4 count, emphasize the importance of viral load relative to CD4 testing [5].In this issue, Habiyambere and colleagues report the results of annual global surveys on availability and use of these testing technologies [6].Questionnaires were administered through WHO country offices to national HIV program managers in 127 countries, focused on countries with the greatest burden of HIV and AIDS.The results indicate that, worldwide, there was a surplus of testing instrument capacity to conduct CD4 testing, enough for 4.6 tests per year for every PLWHIV and 12.8 per year for every person on ART in 2013, far more tests than what is recommended.However, only 1.4 tests per person on ART were conducted, with a capacity utilization rate of only 13.7%.For viral load testing, in 2013 there was sufficient testing instrument capacity for 0.4 tests per PLWHIV and 1.2 tests per person on ART, but only 0.5 tests per person on ART were conducted, with a capacity utilization rate of only 36.5%.Testing coverage rates and testing capacity utilization rates varied by region.The results for CD4 testing were similar in Africa, which bears the greatest burden of HIV and AIDS, compared to the global figures, while for viral load there was lower testing instrument capacity per person on ART but greater utilization rates in Africa.Why is there such a striking disconnect between capacity and utilization?The survey found that lack of machine installation, breakdowns, and lack of reagents were all factors, and most machines were not covered by maintenance contracts or receiving recommended service [4].But underlying these explanations are deeper challenges in management of a remarkably complex system.The correct equipment must be procured and deployed appropriately to meet the catchment area need.Patient and specimen numbers must be forecast correctly.Specimen transport systems that ensure specimen integrity must be developed, often de novo for HIV programs in resource-poor settings.Reagents must be procured and distributed in the right quantity to have sufficient stock while avoiding expiration.
An Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Immunohistochemistry–Negative but Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization–Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma Is Resistant to Crizotinib
Authors: Ruoshi Shi, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Ming Li, Olga Ludkovski, Arnavaz Danesh, Christine Ng, Nhu-An Pham, Trevor Pugh, Frances A. Shepherd, Ming-Sound Tsao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs, Dementia, and Risk of Death—Reply
Authors: Lon S. Schneider, Karen S. Dagerman, Philip Insel
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A molecular epidemiological perspective of rhinovirus types circulating in Amsterdam from 2007 to 2012
Authors: L. van der Linden, A.H.L. Bruning, X.V. Thomas, R.P. Minnaar, S.P.H. Rebers, J. Schinkel, M.D. de Jong, D. Pajkrt, K.C. Wolthers
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMISED CONTROLLED TRIALS (RCTS) OF EGFR-TARGETED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY (MAB) THERAPY IN ADVANCED COLORECTAL CANCER (ACRC): IMPACT OF K-RAS STATUS
Authors: C Vale, J Tierney, A Meade, D Fisher, R Kaplan, R Adams, T Maughan, M Parmar
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2009)
Early Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (autoSCT) May Overcome the Adverse Impact of Del 11q- in Poor-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): Results From the GCLLSG CLL3 Trial.
Authors: Peter Dreger, Hartmut Döhner, Hildegard Greinix, Fabienne McClanahan, Manfred Hensel, Bernd Hertenstein, Ulrich Dührsen, Markus Hentrich, Lorenz Trümper, Ruth Sonnen, Bertold Emmerich, Wolfgang Ulrich Knauf, Georg Hopfinger, Michael Hallek, Michael Kneba, Norbert Schmitz, Stephan Stilgenbauer
Journal: Blood (2009)
Changes in Medicare Shared Savings Program Savings From 2013 to 2014
Authors: J. Michael McWilliams
Journal: JAMA (2016)

In the Medicare Shared Savings Program (MSSP), participating accountable care organizations (ACOs) are eligible for shared-savings bonuses from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) if spending for their patient population falls below a financial benchmark.In 2013, the first full year of the MSSP, modest spending reductions were entirely offset by bonus payments. 1Program savings beyond 2013 have not been formally evaluated.Methods | For each year from 2009-2014, Medicare data for a random 20% sample of fee-for-service beneficiaries were analyzed.In each year, beneficiaries were attributed to an ACO based on the plurality of their office visits with primary care physicians. 1 Difference-in-difference regression models were Table 1.Adjusted Differential Changes in Total Medicare Spending Per Beneficiary in ACOs vs Non-ACO Providers (Control Group) for Postcontract Years 2013 and 2014 a Between-Group Difference in Precontract Period, $ (95% CI) Between-Group Difference in Trend in Precontract Period, $/Year (95% CI) Differential Change for ACOs vs Control Group 2013 Performance Year 2014 Performance Year Estimate, $ (95% CI) P Value Estimate, $ (95% CI) P Value 2012 MSSP cohort (n = 114 ACOs)
Ondansetron in acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, a retrospective case-control study
Authors: S. Miceli Sopo, G. Bersani, S. Monaco, G. Cerchiara, E. Lee, D. Campbell, S. Mehr
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Therapy for moderate to severe acute food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) typically consists of intravenous fluids and corticosteroids (traditional therapy). Ondansetron has been suggested as an adjunctive treatment. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the parenteral (intravenous or intramuscular) ondansetron vs traditional therapy to resolve the symptoms of acute FPIES.Cases of FPIES who had a positive oral food challenge (OFC) were retrospectively examined at two major hospitals over a two-year period (Rome, Italy; and Sydney, Australia). The efficacy of therapy, based on the percentage of cases who stopped vomiting, was compared in cases who received parenteral ondansetron and in cases who received traditional therapy or no pharmacological therapy.A total of 66 patients were included: 37 had parenteral ondansetron, 14 were treated with traditional therapy, and 15 did not receive any pharmacological therapy. Nineteen percentage of children treated with ondansetron continued vomiting after the administration of the therapy vs 93% of children who received traditional therapy (P < 0.05, relative risk = 0.2). Children who received ondansetron or no therapy were less likely to require an admission overnight compared with those who received traditional therapy (P < 0.05).Parenteral ondansetron is significantly more effective than traditional therapy in resolving acute symptoms of FPIES. The relative risk = 0.2 greatly reduces the bias linked to the lack of randomization. These findings suggest an effective treatment for vomiting in positive FPIES OFCs and allow for more confidence in performing OFCs.
Sorafenib plus hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin versus sorafenib for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: randomized phase II trial
Authors: M. Ikeda, S. Shimizu, T. Sato, M. Morimoto, Y. Kojima, Y. Inaba, A. Hagihara, M. Kudo, S. Nakamori, S. Kaneko, R. Sugimoto, T. Tahara, T. Ohmura, K. Yasui, K. Sato, H. Ishii, J. Furuse, T. Okusaka
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)

Sorafenib (Sor) is acknowledged as a standard therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of addition of hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with cisplatin (SorCDDP) to Sor for the treatment of advanced HCC.We conducted a multicenter open-labeled randomized phase II trial in chemo-naïve patients with advanced HCC with Child-Pugh scores of 5-7. Eligible patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive SorCDDP (sorafenib: 400 mg bid; cisplatin: 65 mg/m2, day 1, every 4-6 weeks) or Sor (400 mg bid). The primary end point was overall survival.A total of 108 patients were randomized (Sor, n = 42; SorCDDP, n = 66). The median survival in the Sor and SorCDDP arms were 8.7 and 10.6 months, respectively [stratified hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), 0.60 (0.38-0.96), P = 0.031]. The median time to progression and the response rate were, respectively, 2.8 months and 7.3% in the Sor arm and 3.1 months and 21.7% in the SorCDDP arm. The adverse events were more frequent in the SorCDDP arm than in the Sor arm, but well-tolerated.SorCDDP yielded favorable overall survival when compared with Sor in patients with advanced HCC.UMIN-CTR (http://www.umin.ac.jp/ctr/index-j.htm), identification number: UMIN000005703.
Kaposi's sarcoma, vascular permeability, and scientific integrity
Authors: M. Reichlin
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I am writing to congratulate you on the publication of the Brief Report by Dr Witte and colleagues.<sup>1</sup>As a veteran clinical investigator, I know how difficult it is to reconcile differences about scientific data, especially once they are published. On the other hand, such debate and reconciliation are essential to keep the integrity of the scientific enterprise at an acceptable level both for our own sense of truth and for the public's perception of us and their support of research. I am ashamed and embarrassed by the behavior of the editors of<i>Science</i>and proud and supportive of the editors of<i>JAMA</i>.
Aqueous synthesized quantum dots interfere with the NF-κB pathway and confer anti-tumor, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory effects
Authors: Zhilin Hu, Bin Song, Lei Xu, Yiling Zhong, Fei Peng, Xiaoyuan Ji, Fang Zhu, Chengkui Yang, Jinying Zhou, Yuanyuan Su, Suning Chen, Yao He, Sudan He
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Howard Green and the Accidental Birth of the Stem Cell Era
Authors: Varun Ayyaswami, Arpan V. Prabhu, Melissa Pugliano-Mauro
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease Events
Authors: Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Dimitrios Richter, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: JAMA (2013)

To the Editor: Omega-3 PUFA supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of any cardiovascular outcome in a study by Dr Rizos and colleagues.1 These results should be interpreted with caution due to the methodological shortcomings of the study and issues of interpretation.
Phase Ib clinical and pharmacological study of multiple schedules of pazopanib (P) and epirubicin (EPI) in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Authors: A. Fasolo, C. Sessa, J. A. Bauer, D. Hess, L. Viganò, G. Del Conte, G. Capri, D. Gibson, R. Ruiz-Soto, L. Gianni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3047 Background: P is an oral angiogenesis inhibitor targeting VEGFR-1, -2, -3, PDGFR-α, -β, and c- Kit. The optimal modality of administration in combination with chemotherapy is not yet clear. Methods: Ptsenrolled in 3 parallel arms to receive escalating doses of P with EPI. EPI administered on Day 3 (Arms A and B) or Day 1 (Arm C) q3w. P given once daily throughout the dosing cycle (Arm A), D1-8 (Arm B) or D14-21 (Arm C). Treatment was planned until progression or unacceptable toxicity to determine the optimum tolerated regimen (OTR) on the bases of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) rate. Blood samples are drawn for PK and detection of circulating bone-marrow derived angiogenic cells. Results: 53 pts have been treated: median age=59 (range 54-64). A maximum of two prior lines of chemotherapy for advanced disease was allowed. Pts remained on therapy for a median of 4 cycles (range 1-14). DLTs shown in the Table; OTR not yet determined. Most frequent toxicities were Gr 3-4 uncomplicated neutropenia (15%), Gr 1-2 nausea (12%) and Gr 1-2 asthenia (6%). AEs occurring more frequently in Arm A versus B and C included Gr1-2 diarrhea (13 vs. 7), stomatitis (10 vs. 5), and hypertension (9 vs. 2). Neutropenia and asthenia were the most frequent causes of dose delay. LVEF has remained in normal range. Of 42 pts evaluable for response, 5 pts had partial response, either confirmed (1 breast, 1 renal, 1 thyroid cancer) or unconfirmed (1 breast, 1 ovarian cancer) and 13 stable disease (SD) lasting at least four cycles. Preliminary findings suggest that P does not affect plasma EPI exposures, while interference with glucuronidation needs further evaluation. Conclusions: P is feasible and well tolerated in combination with EPI. Enrollment continues with an expansion phase of the three arms to further define safety and tolerability and biomarkers to select the schedule for development in future efficacy trials. Pzp mg EPI mg/m2 Arm A Arm B Arm C Continuous P P D1-8 P D14-21 200 75 1/6 (LFT) 0/3 0/3 400 75 0/3 (Enrolling cohort expansion, CE) 0/3 0/3 800 75 2/6 (G3 fatigue and vomiting;G4 neutropenia) 1/6 (G4 neutropenia) 1/6 (G4 anemia) 600 75 2/5 (G4 neutropenia; G3 fatigue) — — 800 90 — 1/6 (G3 DVT) 0/3 CE CE Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration GlaxoSmithKline Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Wyeth GlaxoSmithKline
Cardiovascular event rates and mortality according to achieved systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with stable coronary artery disease: an international cohort study
Authors: Emmanuelle Vidal-Petiot, Ian Ford, Nicola Greenlaw, Roberto Ferrari, Kim M Fox, Jean-Claude Tardif, Michal Tendera, Luigi Tavazzi, Deepak L Bhatt, Philippe Gabriel Steg
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Plerixafor (a CXCR4 antagonist) following myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation enhances hematopoietic recovery
Authors: Michael M. B. Green, Nelson Chao, Saurabh Chhabra, Kelly Corbet, Cristina Gasparetto, Ari Horwitz, Zhiguo Li, Jagadish Kummetha Venkata, Gwynn Long, Alice Mims, David Rizzieri, Stefanie Sarantopoulos, Robert Stuart, Anthony D. Sung, Keith M. Sullivan, Luciano Costa, Mitchell Horwitz, Yubin Kang
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)

The binding of CXCR4 with its ligand (stromal-derived factor-1) maintains hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) in a quiescent state. We hypothesized that blocking CXCR4/SDF-1 interaction after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) promotes hematopoiesis by inducing HSC proliferation.We conducted a phase I/II trial of plerixafor on hematopoietic cell recovery following myeloablative allogeneic HSCT. Patients with hematologic malignancies receiving myeloablative conditioning were enrolled. Plerixafor 240 μg/kg was administered subcutaneously every other day beginning day +2 until day +21 or until neutrophil recovery. The primary efficacy endpoints of the study were time to absolute neutrophil count >500/μl and platelet count >20,000/μl. The cumulative incidence of neutrophil and platelet engraftment of the study cohort was compared to that of a cohort of 95 allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplant recipients treated during the same period of time and who received similar conditioning and graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis.Thirty patients received plerixafor following peripheral blood stem cell (n = 28) (PBSC) or bone marrow (n = 2) transplantation. Adverse events attributable to plerixafor were mild and indistinguishable from effects of conditioning. The kinetics of neutrophil and platelet engraftment, as demonstrated by cumulative incidence, from the 28 study subjects receiving PBSC showed faster neutrophil (p = 0.04) and platelet recovery >20 K (p = 0.04) compared to the controls.Our study demonstrated that plerixafor can be given safely following myeloablative HSCT. It provides proof of principle that blocking CXCR4 after HSCT enhances hematopoietic recovery. Larger, confirmatory studies in other settings are warranted.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280955.