tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1925: Dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal adenomas: The Black Women's Health Study
Authors: Lucile L. Adams-Campbell, Kepher H. Makambi, Tanya Agurs Collins, Mireille Bright-Gbebry, Lynn Rosenberg, Julie R. Palmer
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Colorectal adenomas are benign lesions that may be precursors to colorectal cancer. No studies of African American women have investigated dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal adenomas. Objective: We examined data from the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) to determine whether dietary patterns are associated with the risk of colorectal adenomas. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 59,000 participants followed biennially since 1995. During 155,414 person-years of follow-up from 1997 to 2007 among women who had had at least one screening colonoscopy, 620 incident cases of colorectal adenomas were identified. Using Cox regression models, we obtained incident rate ratios (IRR) for colorectal adenoma in relation to quintiles of each of two dietary patterns, adjusting for other colorectal adenoma risk factors. Results: Two dietary patterns, Western and prudent, were utilized to assess the association between dietary intake and adenoma risk. The highest quintile of prudent diet, relative to the lowest quintile, was significantly associated with 34% reduced colorectal adenoma risk overall (incidence rate ratio, IRR=0.66; 95% CI, 0.50-0.87; p for trend, &amp;lt; 0.01). Higher scores on the Western pattern were associated with higher risk of colorectal adenoma (IRR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.09-1.85 for the highest quintile relative to the lowest; p trend, 0.01). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that African American women may be able to reduce their risk of developing colorectal adenomas by following a prudent dietary pattern and avoiding a more Western pattern. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1925. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1925
CITRAFLEET© EN DOSIS FRACCIONADAS PARA COLONOSCOPIAS EN TURNO DE MAÑANA REALIZADAS ENTRE 2 Y 6 HORAS TRAS LA INGESTA DE LÍQUIDOS: EFICACIA, ACEPTACIÓN Y SEGURIDAD COMPARADA CON SU ADMINISTRACIÓN EL DÍA PREVIO
Authors: J Molina Infante, E Martin Noguerol, JM González Santiago, C Martínez Alcalá, G Vinagre Rodríguez, M Hernández Alonso, C Dueñas Sadornil, B Pérez Gallardo, JM Mateos Rodríguez, M Fernández Bermejo
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La preparación de la colonoscopia en dosis fraccionadas mejora la calidad de la limpieza en las exploraciones matutinas, con 2 inconvenientes teóricos: administración de la 2° dosis de madrugada y riesgo incrementado de aspiración.
Abstract P4-14-09: Feasibility of liposuction for treatment of arm lymphedema from breast cancer.
Authors: EL Doren, PD Smith, W Sun, M Lacevic, W Fulp, R Reid, C Laronga
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Lymphedema is a dreaded complication of breast cancer treatment affecting 20% of women having axillary node dissection. Liposuction minimizes unwanted fat in targeted areas. Our objective was to explore the feasibility of liposuction to reduce fat volume and thus arm lymphedema. Methods: An IRB-approved prospective trial was conducted of women having unilateral arm lymphedema resulting from breast cancer treatment. At enrollment there was no evidence of cancer recurrence or arm cellulitis. Arm measurements (circumferential), volumes (water displacement and geometric calculation), and muscle strength differences between the affected and unaffected arms and quality of life/functionality were measured pre-operatively and post-operatively at 6 weeks, 6 months and one year(s). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: Six breast cancer survivors underwent the liposuction procedure from 12/2008–4/2011. Median age was 54 yrs (range: 43–60) and median volume of fat aspirated was 700mls (range: 350–700). Average volume difference between the affected and unaffected arms at baseline was 522.5 mls (176–867) (geometric) and 589.2mls (280–770) (water displacement). No immediate complications; 1 cellulitis at 4 months post-operative. Average percent volume reductions for 5 of the 6 women at 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year were 70%, 47%, 71% mls geometrically and 63%, 18%, 54% by water displacement respectively. Quality of life and functionality improved in all patients. Muscle strength remained unchanged. Pain lessened. Average follow-up is 15.49 months (range: 1.8–24.84 months). Conclusion: Liposuction can safely reduce volume of arm lymphedema and improve functionality/quality of life. Larger studies (longer follow-up) are required to validate the durability of these early results. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-09.
Congress Asks IOM To Review NCI's Cancer Centers Program
Authors: Judith. M. Whalen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Congress Asks IOM To Review NCI's Cancer Centers Program Judith. M. Whalen Judith. M. Whalen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 2, 18 January 1989, Pages 96–97, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.2.96 Published: 18 January 1989
Endoscopic removal of a gastric bezoar consisting of self-expanding spray foam used for insulating window frames
Authors: M. Girardin, E. Giostra, J.-M. Dumonceau
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 61-year-old man ate polyurethane pieces made of self-expanding spray foam. He presented to the emergency department 3 weeks later with upper abdominal pain. Routine laboratory tests were normal. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) revealed a bezoar ([Fig. 1 a]) and three deep ulcers in the gastric corpus ([Fig. 1 b]). The bezoar was approximately 8 cm in diameter, nonadherent, nonobstructive, gray, shiny and of hard consistency.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection among Patients Attending Clinics for Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Authors: T C Quinn, D Glasser, R O Cannon, D L Matuszak, R W Dunning, R L Kline, C H Campbell, E Israel, A S Fauci, E W Hook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in patients attending inner-city clinics for sexually transmitted diseases in Baltimore, we screened 4028 patients anonymously, of whom 209 (5.2 percent) were seropositive for HIV. HIV-seropositivity rates were higher among men (6.3 percent) than women (3.0 percent) (P less than 0.001) and among blacks (5.0 percent) than whites (1.2 percent) (P less than 0.02). Among men, but not women, HIV seroprevalence increased markedly and steadily up to the age of 40. In men, HIV seropositivity was independently associated with increased age, black race, a history of homosexual contact, and the use of parenteral drugs. In women, a history of parenteral drug use or of being a sexual partner of a bisexual man or parenteral drug user were independently predictive of HIV seropositivity. In men, HIV seropositivity was also associated with a history of syphilis or a reactive serologic test for syphilis, and in women, with a history of genital warts. Since these associations were independent of the type and number of reported sexual partners, they raise the possibility that sexually transmitted diseases that disrupt epithelial surfaces may be important in the transmissibility of HIV. In addition, on a self-administered questionnaire, one third of HIV-infected men and one half of infected women did not acknowledge previous high-risk behavior for HIV exposure. These data suggest that patients at clinics for sexually transmitted diseases represent a group at high risk for HIV infection, and that screening, counseling, and intensive education should be offered to all patients attending such clinics.
LIGADURA DE VARICES ESOFÁGICAS: ¿QUÉ INCIDENTES Y COMPLICACIONES EN NUESTRA PRÁCTICA?
Authors: S Oussama, M Tahiri, F Benali, F Haddad, W Hliwa, A Bellabah, W Badre
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: Ligadura de varices esofágicas es una de las técnicas de elección en la prevención primaria y secundaria de la ruptura de varices esofágicas.
Reply to Konge et al.
Authors: Vivian Ekkelenkamp, Erik Rauws, Robert de Man, Ernst Kuipers, Arjun Koch
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

We would like to thank Konge et al. for their interest in our recent publication addressing the development of competence in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) [1]. They raise some interesting points on the weakness of self-assessment.
Book: The Whole Brain Atlas
Authors: D. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Keith A Johnson, J Alex Becker Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins, $150 ISBN 0 7817 1841 4 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> This technically ingenious CD Rom claims to offer a complete teaching guide to the imaging of brain anatomy based on magnetic resonance, computed tomography, positron emission tomography (or SPECT), plus a comprehensive guide to the imaging of brain pathology. Although the number of images cited seems enormous (13 000), it is achieved not by covering a correspondingly huge number of cases but by storing a vast number of images for each case or patient studied. Thus, for each case, the CD has the complete magnetic resonance studies (often in several … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Abstract 3295: Combining GSK3 inhibition and Vitamin D as a differentiation strategy for AML.
Authors: Kalpana Gupta, Tammy Stefan, David N. Wald
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Vitamin D has widely been considered a promising therapy for cancer, particularly Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), due to its ability to terminally differentiate leukemic cells. Despite the promise of Vitamin D in preclinical studies, clinical trials have been disappointing likely due to dose limiting hypercalcemia that occurs at relatively low doses. We have identified that the kinase GSK3 is a major regulator of the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and that targeting GSK3 can sensitize leukemic cells to low concentrations of Vitamin D that may be achievable clinically. Utilizing cell and animal based models, we found that GSK3 inhibition can significantly enhance the anti-leukemic effects of Vitamin D. By inhibiting GSK3 with both small molecules and shRNA, we found that targeting GSK3 leads to a significant sensitization in AML cells derived from multiple AML subtypes to Vitamin D-mediated differentiation. Differentiation induction can be seen through immunophenotyping for cell surface markers, functional differentiation as measured by NBT reduction, and changes in morphology. For example, treatment of HL-60 cells with low doses of Vitamin D (5nM) or a GSK3 inhibitor SB415286 (10uM) leads to only moderate differentiation (&amp;lt;50%) while the combination of these agents leads to greater than 95% differentiation as measured by the upregulation of the differentiation associated marker, CD11b. In addition to differentiation induction, GSK3 inhibition also significantly enhanced the ability of Vitamin D to cause irreversible growth inhibition as measured by colony assays and slowed the progression of AML in a mouse model system. Mechanistic studies have revealed significant insights into how GSK3 modulates Vitamin D signaling. GSK3 was found to bind and phosphorylate VDR which negatively regulates VDR activity as measured by luciferase based reporter assays. The mechanism through which GSK3 appears to regulate VDR activity is through impacting its interactions with co-repressors and co-activators. These co-modulators are known to play a predominant role in regulating VDR activity. Utilizing co-immunoprecipitation and mammalian two hybrid assays, we determined that GSK3 inhibition can impair the interaction of VDR with the co-repressor NcoR, and enhance its interaction with the co-activator, SRC-3. Overall, our studies suggest the potential of Vitamin D and GSK3 inhibition as a strategy to improve the efficacy of AML treatment and provide a mechanistic framework to explain the promising activity of this combination regimen. . Citation Format: Kalpana Gupta, Tammy Stefan, David N. Wald. Combining GSK3 inhibition and Vitamin D as a differentiation strategy for AML. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3295. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3295
Abstract A56: Tumor alarm gene FHIT activates tumor suppressive system by self-scarifying
Authors: Ah-Young Oh, Sun-Hye Lee, Ji-Yun Chung, Youn-Sang Jung, Bum-Joon Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Human fragile histidine triad (FHIT) is known to be a putative tumor suppressor gene because of frequent deletion and mutation in various kinds of human cancers, in particular, human lung cancer. However, its biological function as tumor suppressor gene, has not been demonstrated. In fact, there are conflict results on the role of FHIT. Oncogenic property of FHIT has been proposed such as overeactivation of ATR/CHK1 pathway in FHIT deficient cells, and low tumor incidence in FHIT-deficient mice. In contrast, tumor suppressive functions such as cell cycle inhibition and induction of apoptosis also proposed. Here we provide the evidences about unexpected working mechanism of FHIT as a tumor alarm gene. FHIT can awake the intracellular tumor suppressive system through reduction or deletion itself. FHIT reduction or deleted cells significantly increase the p21/WAF1 expression as well as p14/ARF-p53. It is achieved at posttranslation level and p53-dependent manner. So loss of FHIT can sequester the cell cycle in G1 phase. FHIT reduction can be achieved by oncogene activation and DNA damage. Thus, FHIT-deficient cells did not response to additional tumor risk and accumulation of additional genetic mutation is easily fixed in genome, which may contribute to tumor progression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr A56.
Application of endoscopic double illumination technique for management of anastomotic site membranes
Authors: A. Rafiq, H. Nemat, J. Morgan, R. Sabbagh
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Colonoscopy in a 87-year-old woman showed a friable, erythematous rectosigmoid mass approximately 18 cm from the anal verge, engulfing one-half to two-thirds of the circumference. Multiple biopsy samples were obtained, which were reported as carcinoma in situ. Laparoscopic coloproctectomy with colorectal anastomosis and diverting loop ileostomy was done. Repeat colonoscopy showed complete closure of the anastomosis site by a membrane ([Fig. 1]). Two GIF H-180 esophagoduodenoscopy (EGD) scopes (Olympus, New York, USA) were simultaneously passed from the anus (lower scope) and the colostomy site (upper scope) under fluoroscopic guidance and advanced to the rectum pouch and distal end of the colon, respectively ([Fig. 2 a]). The light source from both the scopes was easily seen on both sides ([Fig. 2 b]). The mucosal wall at the area of the previous colorectal anastomosis was cannulated using an endo-knife under direct proximal and distal visualization via the lower scope ([Fig. 3 a]). Then, using the lower scope again, a through-the-scope balloon was passed over the guide wire and dilation was carried out up to a maximum diameter of 8 mm ([Fig. 3 b]). Serial dilations were done up to 20 mm ([Fig. 3 c]). Complete closure of an anastomotic site by mucosal membranes is a rare finding, for which endoscopic double illumination technique [1] [2] [3] is a safe and convenient procedure, especially in patients who are already surgically diverted.
PWE-105 Do Gastroenterologists Monitor their Patients Taking 5-Aminosalicylates Following Initiation of Treatment ?
Authors: N Siddique, C Farmer, J Irving, A Muller
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> 5-Amino salicylate (5-ASA) medications may rarely be associated with a significant decline in renal function and interstitial nephritis. The British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines<sup>1</sup> advise regular renal function monitoring for patients (pts) taking these drugs. This study assessed whether clinicians were following best practise guidelines. <h3>Methods</h3> Using longitudinal community and regional pathology databases for the East Kent population (720 k), our renal unit regularly screens a total population of 300,000 for evidence of renal disease. The data extracted is analysed using the SEIK (System for Early Identification of Kidney disease), an automated computerised system to identify pts requiring intervention for kidney disease. As part of this process, all patients taking 5-ASA medication were identified. The pathology database was studied to identify the pts on treatment who had had renal function tests and could differentiate from results initiated in primary and secondary care. Data analysis can be performed over many years of treatment. <h3>Results</h3> 800 adult pts (M : 341, F 459) identified taking 5-ASA therapy (median duration 1.5 years (range 1–24 yr); mean (+/- SD) age 52.7 +/- 16.2 yr (range 18.2–94.4). The mean estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) on commencing 5-ASA therapy was 82 ml/min (range 28 - &gt; 90). Pts with an eGFR &lt; 60 were regarded as having chronic kidney disease (stage 3–5).612 pts received 5-ASA’s for 3 months or more (median 3.2; range 1 – 24 yr) and these were included in the final analysis. 293 (48%) pts had no renal function cheques whilst on treatment. 79 (12%) pts had renal function tests less than once every 4 years and 36 pts once every 2 – 4 yrs. 204 pts had renal function measurements in 50% or more of years of treatment, of whom 116 were checked every year. 72 pts with a baseline eGFR &lt; 60 ml/min were treated with 5-ASA’s for 3 or more months. Of these, 8 had no renal function cheques. The eGFR fell in 24 pts and in 8 by &gt; 2ml/min/yr. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The majority of pts receiving 5-ASA compounds do not have regular renal function monitoring. Some are started on treatment with abnormal results at baseline and some with identified kidney disease continued on their 5-ASA’s. Gastroenterologists are failing to follow best practise guidelines. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Mowat<i> et al.</i> Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut 2011; 60 : 571 – 607.
Specific Depletion of Human Anti-adenovirus Antibodies Facilitates Transduction in an in Vivo Model for Systemic Gene Therapy
Authors: Amena Rahman, Van Tsai, Ann Goudreau, Jeremy Y. Shinoda, Shu Fen Wen, Muralidhara Ramachandra, Rob Ralston, Dan Maneval, Drake LaFace, Paul Shabram
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Recombinant adenoviral (rAd) vectors are capable of mediating high-efficiency gene transfer in vivo. Under conditions requiring systemic administration, however, the use of rAd vectors can be problematic due to the presence of circulating anti-adenovirus antibodies developed either through natural infection or during the course of treatment. We developed a passive immunization model in SCID/Beige mice to assess the effect of human and mouse anti-adenovirus antibodies on systemic administration of a rAd vector expressing beta-galactosidase (rAd-betagal). In this model, the in vitro neutralizing activity of human or mouse antibodies used for passive immunization correlated well with inhibition of transduction of the liver following i.v. administration of rAd-betagal. Depletion of antibodies to individual adenovirus structural proteins (hexon, penton, fiber) by affinity chromatography demonstrated that antibodies to each of the three virion components contributed to neutralization of infectivity in vitro and to inhibition of transduction in vivo. Depletion of antibodies against all three structural proteins from human or mouse immune serum prior to passive immunization restored in vivo transduction activity to levels comparable to those obtained with nonimmune serum. Our data suggest that depletion of both murine and human anti-adenoviral antibodies can restore transduction in vivo during systemic rAd gene therapy in hosts previously exposed to adenovirus.
PTU-127 Resource Use Associated With Hepatic Encephalopathy In Patients With Severe Liver Disease
Authors: J Orr, CL Morgan, M Hudson, S Jenkins-Jones, P Conway, A Radwan, CJ Currie
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is associated with frequent hospitalisations which are expensive to manage and result in poor quality of life. The aim was to estimate the resource use associated with HE and hospitalisation in the UK. <h3>Methods</h3> The Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) with linked hospital data from Health Episode Statistics (HES) was used to identify patients with a first diagnosis of liver disease between 1998 and 2012 and examine their all-cause hospitalisations. HE patients were matched to controls at a ratio of 1:1 by age, gender, year of diagnosis, duration and severity of liver disease. Hospital admission data (frequency and length of stay) were characterised from HES. Admissions associated with the index diagnosis of HE were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> 17,030 patients were identified with an incident diagnosis of liver disease, of whom 551 (3.2%) had a recorded diagnosis of HE. 389 patients (70.6%) could be matched to non-HE controls. Total number of primarily liver-related admissions was greater in the HE group with a crude admission ratio of 3.588 (95% CI 3.085–4.173; p &lt; 0.001). In the HE group, a significantly greater proportion of liver-related admissions were through AandE (62.1% vs. 50.0%, p &lt; 0.001) and mean length of stay was 8.0 days (sd 11.6) vs 6.8 days (sd 9.5) (p = 0.148) in the non-HE group. Following first HE event, patients had 18.2 primary care contacts per patient year compared with 8.7 for non-HE controls (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> HE was associated with increased risk of liver-related hospital admissions and increased GP attendances. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Orr: None Declared, C. Morgan Consultant for: Norgine;, M. Hudson: None Declared, S. Jenkins-Jones Consultant for: Norgine, P. Conway Employee of: Norgine, A. Radwan Employee of: Norgine, C. Currie Consultant for: Norgine.