tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18476: Myocardial Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Effect of the GNB3 C825T Polymorphism in the Multicenter IPAC study
Authors: Richard Sheppard, Julie Damp, Angela Kealey, Gautam Ramani, Uri Elkayam, Eileen Hsich, Mark Zucker, Jeffrey Alexis, Karen Hanley-Yanez, Jessica Pisarcik, Indrani Halder, Dennis M McNamara
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. Black race is a risk factor for the disorder and although most women recover myocardial function, previous studies suggest less recovery in black women than in whites. The genetic basis of this racial difference in risk and recovery remains unknown. A polymorphism of a G protein beta subunit (GNB3 C825T) in exon 10 has been studied extensively for a potential role in increased risk of hypertension in blacks. We investigated the impact of the GNB3 C825T polymorphism on myocardial recovery in PPCM in the multicenter IPAC study (Investigation of Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy). Method: 97 women with new onset of PPCM were enrolled and genotyped for the GNB3 T/C polymorphism. Myocardial function was assessed by echocardiography at study entry, 2, 6 and 12 months postpartum and LVEF calculated at a core lab. Myocardial recovery in subjects with the GNB3TT genotype was compared to subjects with the GNB3 C allele (CC and CT combined) first for the overall cohort then separately in black and white subsets. Results: Overall the cohort was 30% black, mean age 30 + 6, and LVEF 0.35 + 0.10 at study entry 31 + 25days post-partum. For the overall cohort, the % GNB3 genotype TT/CT/CC =23/41/36 and differed markedly by Race (Black= 52/38/10 versus Whites=10/43/47, p&lt;0.001). In subjects with the GNB3TT genotype, LVEF was similar early postpartum (TT= 0.35 + 0.07; CT+CC= 0.35 + 0.09, p=0.98) but significantly lower at 2 month (TT=0.38 + 0.15; CT+CC= 0.44 + 0.10, p=0.02), 6 months (TT=0.45 + 0.15; CT+CC= 0.53 + 0.08, p=0.002), and 12 months (TT=0.45 + 0.15; CT+CC= 0.56 + 0.07, p&lt;0.001.). The difference in recovery for GNB3 TT subjects was most pronounced in black women (12 months LVEF for GNB3 TT=0.39 + 0.16; versus CT+CC= 0.53 + 0.09, p=0.02) but was still evident in whites ((TT=0.50 + 0.11; CT+CC= 0.56 + 0.06, p=0.04). Conclusion: In IPAC, Women with the GNB3 TT genotype had significantly less myocardial recovery over the first year post-partum, and its impact was particularly evident in black women. The increase prevalence of the GNB3 TT genotype in blacks may contribute to racial differences in myocardial recovery in women with PPCM
Stress-associated reductions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and natural killer cells in asymptomatic HIV infection
Authors: D L Evans, J Leserman, D O Perkins, R A Stern, C Murphy, K Tamul, D Liao, C M van der Horst, C D Hall, J D Folds
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

Previous research has documented a possible relation of stress and depression to cell-mediated immunity. The authors examined how stressful events and depression may affect key parameters of cellular immunity in subjects with and without HIV infection.Data were collected on 99 asymptomatic HIV-positive and 65 HIV-negative homosexual men as part of an ongoing, longitudinal study. Criticisms of previous studies of psychoimmunity were addressed by 1) using a comprehensive, semistructured interview to measure the objective context of stressful events, 2) double labeling of lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies to measure subsets of cytotoxic/suppressor T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cells, and 3) controlling for circadian effects and methodological factors.In the HIV-positive men, severe stress was significantly associated with reductions in NK cell populations and a subset of T cells thought to represent cytotoxic T effector cells, particularly the CD8+ T cells expressing the CD57 antigen. In the HIV-negative men, no clear and consistent relation between stress and immune system measures was found. Depression was not correlated with any variables in either of the groups, perhaps due to the low levels of depressive symptoms.The findings suggest that stress is associated with reductions in killer lymphocytes (decreased NK cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte phenotypes). The data provide evidence that stress may alter cell populations that provide cytotoxic defense against infection in HIV-positive men and indicate that the clinical significance of stress-related changes in cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK cells in HIV infection warrants further study.
A Place in the Sun
Authors: Pamela S Tronetti
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Congenital Insensitivity to Pain with Anhydrosis
Authors: Muhammad shafiq Khan, Aftab Hussain, Muhammad Javed Khan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Screening for early detection of lung cancer
Authors: K B Gupta, Sanjeev Tandon, Monika Tandon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Methods for detecting early lung cancers, carcinoma in situ, and dysplastic lesions of the tracheobronchial tree ultimately aim to eradicate them before they become invasive. This approach is being developed to detect early stage lung cancer, when treatment is more likely to be curative. This review describes the recent developments in lung cancer screening and the possible impact on management of lung cancer.
HERMAN VON HELMHOLTZ.
Authors: H A Schober
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Responsibility and compensation for tardive dyskinesia
Authors: P S Appelbaum, K Schaffner, A Meisel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Lawsuits seeking compensation for the suffering caused by tardive dyskinesia are becoming more common. Although most mental health professionals view the problem in the context of malpractice litigation, tardive dyskinesia is an example of a "mass accident," for which there are a number of judicially created remedies. These remedies include placing liability on manufacturers, asking society as a whole to bear the burden, and allowing patients with tardive dyskinesia to continue to carry the costs of their injuries. In attempting to influence policy in this area, psychiatrists should be sensitive to the implications of any policy for patient care.
Carcinogenesis in the Pancreas. I. Long-Term Explant Culture of Human and Bovine Pancreatic Ducts 2 3
Authors: R. T. Jones, L.A. Barrett, C. van Haaften, C. C. Harris, B. F. Trump
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Bovine and human pancreatic ductal explants were maintained in long-term culture. Bovine ducts were cultured for 85 days, whereas human ducts have been cultured for up to 60 days. The explants all maintained good ultrastructural preservation for these periods and also incorporated radioactive precursors into protein, RNA, and DNA. Uncultured ducts, which were fixed for electron microscopic study, demonstrated classical signs of reversible cell injury (dilated endoplasmic reticulum and swollen mitochondria), and cultured explants did not. However, the cultured tissues did show sublethal alterations such as the formation of numerous autophagic vacuoles and residual bodies and the accumulation of large lipid droplets. This study demonstrated the feasibility of maintaining pancreatic ducts in long-term explant culture, which enables them to be used in experimental studies involving chemical carcinogens and in structural and functional studies.
Is Early Bariatric Surgery the Answer for Diabetes in Obesity?
Authors: David A. Harris, Ali Tavakkoli
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Hypoxia and tissue destruction in pulmonary TB
Authors: Moerida Belton, Sara Brilha, Roido Manavaki, Francesco Mauri, Kuldip Nijran, Young T Hong, Neva H Patel, Marcin Dembek, Liku Tezera, Justin Green, Rachel Moores, Franklin Aigbirhio, Adil Al-Nahhas, Tim D Fryer, Paul T Elkington, Jon S Friedland
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> It is unknown whether lesions in human TB are hypoxic or whether this influences disease pathology. Human TB is characterised by extensive lung destruction driven by host matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), particularly collagenases such as matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). <h3>Methods</h3> We investigated tissue hypoxia in five patients with PET imaging using the tracer [<sup>18</sup>F]-fluoromisonidazole ([<sup>18</sup>F]FMISO) and by immunohistochemistry. We studied the regulation of MMP secretion in primary human cell culture model systems in normoxia, hypoxia, chemical hypoxia and by small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibition. <h3>Results</h3> [<sup>18</sup>F]FMISO accumulated in regions of TB consolidation and around pulmonary cavities, demonstrating for the first time severe tissue hypoxia in man. Patlak analysis of dynamic PET data showed heterogeneous levels of hypoxia within and between patients. In <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (<i>M.tb)</i>-infected human macrophages, hypoxia (1% pO<sub>2</sub>) upregulated MMP-1 gene expression 170-fold, driving secretion and caseinolytic activity. Dimethyloxalyl glycine (DMOG), a small molecule inhibitor which stabilises the transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, similarly upregulated MMP-1. Hypoxia did not affect mycobacterial replication. Hypoxia increased MMP-1 expression in primary respiratory epithelial cells via intercellular networks regulated by TB. HIF-1α and NF-κB regulated increased MMP-1 activity in hypoxia. Furthermore, <i>M.tb</i> infection drove HIF-1α accumulation even in normoxia. In human TB lung biopsies, epithelioid macrophages and multinucleate giant cells express HIF-1α. HIF-1α blockade, including by targeted siRNA, inhibited TB-driven MMP-1 gene expression and secretion. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Human TB lesions are severely hypoxic and <i>M.tb</i> drives HIF-1α accumulation, synergistically increasing collagenase activity which will lead to lung destruction and cavitation.
Varicocele Scintigraphy:
Authors: JOHAN A.C. PRENEN, PETER VAN DIS, HANS L.M. FEIJEN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Forty-three men underwent varicocele scintigraphy to exclude underlying varicocele as a possible cause of decreased semen quality. The total acquisition time for each study amounted to as little as 200 seconds. In four cases retrograde blood flow was seen in the left internal spermatic vein, with subsequent clear visualization of the pampiniform plexus. In three of four of these patients, pregnancy ensued after therapeutic intervention. Seven patients showed only increased scrotal activity locally, in the absence of retrograde blood flow. The remaining 32 patients showed a normal blood flow pattern. The existence of spermatic vein reflux in varicocele-related infertility is thought to be a major factor in proper patient selection for therapeutic ligation or embolization of the internal spermatic vein. It is suggested that this simplified scintigraphic method may be useful in the detection of retrograde blood flow in patients with varicocele, especially in small or subclinical varicocele.
Mortality in patients with Cushing's disease more than 10 years after remission: a multicentre, multinational, retrospective cohort study
Authors: Richard N Clayton, Peter W Jones, Raoul C Reulen, Paul M Stewart, Zaki K Hassan-Smith, Georgia Ntali, Niki Karavitaki, Olaf M Dekkers, Alberto M Pereira, Mark Bolland, Ian Holdaway, Jorgen Lindholm
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2016)
OSTEOPOROSIS, FRACTURES, AND HEPARIN THERAPY
Authors: F A KINGERY
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coexistence of cognitive impairment and depression in geriatric outpatients
Authors: B V Reifler, E Larson, R Hanley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors diagnosed depression in 20 (23%) of 88 cognitively impaired geriatric outpatients. Three (20%) of these patients had depression only, and 17 (85%) had depression superimposed on an underlying dementia. The rate of coexisting depression decreased significantly with greater severity of the cognitive impairment: 9 (33%) of 27 mildly impaired patients were depressed, compared with 8 (23%) of 35 moderately impaired and 3 (12%) of 26 severely impaired patients. There was a nonsignificant trend for cognitively impaired women to be more likely to be depressed than for similarly impaired men. The authors conclude that although depression must be differentiated from dementia, it is equally important to consider the possibility that the diagnoses coexist.
Phase II cisplatin, irinotecan, cetuximab and concurrent radiation therapy followed by surgery for locally advanced esophageal cancer
Authors: P. C. Enzinger, T. Yock, W. Suh, P. Fidias, H. Mamon, N. Choi, N. Lehman, C. Lawrence, T. Lynch, C. Fuchs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4064 Background: Weekly irinotecan, cisplatin, and concurrent radiation therapy is a well-tolerated, active regimen in locally advanced esophageal cancer. (Ilson. JCO 2003) Cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, is a potent radiation sensitizer in head and neck cancer. (Bonner. Proc ASCO 2004) Methods: In this phase II trial, patients (pts) with T2–4N0–1M0–1A esophageal adenocarcinoma (A) or squamous cell carcinoma (S) receive 5040 cGy/28 fractions of radiation therapy (RT) and concurrent weekly cisplatin 30mg/m 2 plus irinotecan 65 mg/m 2 on weeks 1, 2, 4, and 5, followed by surgery 4–8 weeks after completion of RT. Additionally, pts receive weekly infusions of cetuximab 250 mg during RT, up to one week before surgery, and for 6 months following surgery. Results: Seventeen pts have been entered: male: female = 14:3, median age 54, ECOG PS 0:1 = 6:11, A:S = 17:0, stage IIA:IIB:III:IVA = 6:1:8:2, tumor location-esophagus-mid:lower:gastroesophageal junction = 1:4:12, &gt;10% weight loss-yes:no = 8:9. Of 17 pts entered, 15 pts have proceeded to surgery, 1 pt died from Aspergillus infection resulting in respiratory failure and sepsis, and 1 pt is pending surgery. Of the 15 pts who underwent surgery, 2 (13%) had a complete pathologic response; pathologic stage for other pts: 0 = 1, I = 3, IIA = 3, IIB = 1, III = 4, IV = 1. Grade III/IV toxicity (17 pts) was: diarrhea 9 pts, neutropenia 9 pts, febrile neutropenia 5 pts, anorexia 5 pts, vomiting 4 pts, fatigue 3 pts, mucositis 1 pt. Chemotherapy dose attenuation was required for diarrhea in 5 pts, for neutropenia in 4 pts, and for folliculitis in 1 pt. One patient was removed from study during week 6 for prolonged diarrhea/ dehydration. Due to the 2-step design of the trial, accrual is on hold pending a 3rd required pathologic CR in the first 17 patients. Conclusions: Compared to other trials of irinotecan, cisplatin, radiation therapy, and surgery in similar groups of esophageal cancer patients, early results for this combination with cetuximab suggest a lower complete response rate and higher overall toxicity. Additional data will be available at ASCO. Supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Case of Ventricular Arrhythmia
Authors: Shing Ching, Chiu Sun Yue
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

A woman in her 60s presented to the emergency department with palpitation and dyspnea. Her blood pressure was 154/78 mm Hg, her pulse was 184 beats per minute, and the arrhythmia did not respond to adenosine. What is your diagnosis?
THE TEACHING OF MEDICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Authors: J J López-Ibor Aliño
Journal: BMJ (1937)

The teaching of the psychological aspects of medical practice are confronted with three great difficulties: 1) Not to turn into an introduction of the teaching of psychiatry, without leaving aside the importance of psychiatric pathology in the general medical practice. 2) To provide medical-psychological scientific knowledge to be applied to everyday medical practice. 3) To base the teaching on scientific foundations of neuroscience and of psychological and social sciences. These aspects are considered in several consensus documents (World Psychiatric Association, International Federation of Societies for Medical Education, Spanish Society for Psychiatry, etc.) which have served as guide for the writing of this new text on medical psychology.
Taking University Research into the Marketplace
Authors: Gilbert S. Omenn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Public policy debates about genetic engineering have had three stages. The first, even before the modern molecular work was done, focused on the "chutzpah" of scientists and physicians who were willing to modify human lives and came from colleagues and others with important philosophical and religious reservations.1 , 2 This strain of discussion continues at a low level. The second began with the stunning proposal by leading molecular biologists that a moratorium be placed on their research because of potentially fearsome risks to life or to the environment.3 That stage included the development of guidelines by the National Institutes of Health, the . . .