tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BACTERIEMIA POST-CPRE: ANALISIS RETROSPECTIVO DEL PERFIL MICROBIOLOGICO Y ETIOLOGICO EN NUESTRO CENTRO
Authors: S Fernández Herrera
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: la bacteriemia post-CPRE es una entidad poco frecuente pero puede ser grave. Existe consenso en cuanto al uso de antibiótico profiláctico en determinadas situaciones. El conocimiento de esta entidad y sus características pueden ayudar en su manejo clínico. Objetivo: conocer el perfil etiológico, microbiológico y las características de las bacteriemias post-CPRE en nuestro centro, documentadas entre 2005 y 2011. Material y Método: revisión retrospectiva de los hemocultivos positivos, de las historias clínicas y de los informes de las CPRE realizadas durante el periodo de estudio. Resultados: se realizaron 1356 CPRE. 16 (1.2%) presentaron bacteriemia post-CPRE. Los aislamientos más frecuentes fueron E. coli (37.5%), seguido de K. pneumoniae (12.5%). 6 (37.5%) habían recibido tratamiento antibiótico profiláctico previo, y a pesar de que 5 habían realizado el tratamiento adecuando (según antibiograma), presentaron igualmente bacteriemia. Los hallazgos endoscópicos fueron 8 neoplasias obstructivas (50%), 6 litiasis (37.5%) y 2 obstrucciones por alteraciones anatómicas de la vía biliar (12.5%). Entre el grupo etiológico más frecuente (neoplasia), el drenaje de la vía biliar fue incompleto en 4 pacientes (50%), siendo este factor estadísticamente significativo (p < 0.04), en comparación con el grupo de neoplasias sin bacteriemia (n = 247). Otros factores evaluados como la toma de antibiótico 3 meses previos, el tratamiento antibiótico empírico o la manipulación de la vía biliar previa, no demostraron significación estadística. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de bacteriemia post-CPRE fue del 1.2%, similar a otras series. E. coli y K. pneumoniae son los microorganismos más aislados. El 50% de pacientes desarrolló bacteriemia a pesar del tratamiento antibiótico empírico, y en un 62,5% no se pudo evitar, aún estando con el antibiótico adecuado según antibiograma. El 50% de las bacteriemias post-CPRE de nuestra serie presentaron etiología neoplásica. En este grupo, sólo el drenaje incompleto de la VB ha demostrado ser factor de riesgo de desarrollar bacteriemia post-CPRE.
Circulating Proinsulin-like Material in Patients with Functioning Insulinomas
Authors: Raul A. Gutman, Norman R. Lazarus, Juan C. Penhos, Stefan Fajans, Lillian Recant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Because islet-cell tumors of the pancreas produce proinsulin-like material in vitro, the plasma of 11 patients with functioning insulinomas was studied to determine the immunoreactive insulin proportion contributed by circulating proinsulin-like material. The plasma of nine patients with insulinomas showed on gel filtration an increased proinsulin-like material (28 to 89 per cent) as compared to subjects of normal weight, those who were obese, and those with functional hypoglycemia (less than 20 per cent). Polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis of serum showed material compatible with proinsulin, insulin and an intermediate component. Considering the data so far reported, any patient with hypoglycemia who shows an elevated percentage of proinsulin-like material should be suspected of having an insulinoma. In one patient, surgical removal of an islet-cell adenoma resulted in a fall of serum proinsulin-like material from 65 to 0 per cent. Determination of plasma proinsulin-like material may provide diagnostic aid and a measure of therapeutic efficacy in patients with islet-cell tumors.
Yield of endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration and clinical factors associated with accuracy in patients with pancreatic solid tumor
Authors: Kim Jaihwan, Ahn Dong-Won, Yoon Won Jae, Lee Sang Hyup, Ryu Ji Kon, Kim Yong-Tae, Yoon Yong Bum
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Purpose: Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a potential method to diagnose pancreatic mass, but factors associated with the accurate cytological result of EUS-FNA in pancreatic solid tumor are not well known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield of EUS-FNA and clinical factors which might have influence on the accuracy of the result of EUS-FNA, such as physicians, location of mass, the number of needle passage attempts and size of mass.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) of the Entire Small Intestine: Normal Anatomy and Pathologic Lesions
Authors: Q Zhu, J Li, J Zhong, YZ Yuan, YL Wu, SH Jiang, K Chang
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the feasibility, variability of normal anatomy and initial clinical role of intra-small intestinal ultrasonography (ISUS) during complete small bowel evaluation using the double balloon enteroscope system. Methods: 11 patients with obscure GI bleeding, chronic diarrhea and unknown abdominal pain were enrolled into the study. All patients suspected with small intestinal diseases underwent double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE). In addition ISUS was performed in all DBE positive subjects during the same procedure to characterize the lesions found. Ultrasonic system SP-702 and prototype catheter probe were used in these procedures. Results: Of the 11 patients in the study, 9 had clinically significant lesions diagnosed by DBE and subsequently evaluated successfully by ISUS in 8 cases. In an additional in vitro study, we defined normal anatomy in various regions of the small intestine including jejunum and ileum and found: there were six layer structures which correlated with histology. Amongst the 9 lesions evaluated, ISUS revealed 2 cases of small intestinal carcinoma; 1 case of GIST; 1 case of polyp; 1 case of lymph-vessel tumor; 2 cases of early acute stage Crohn's disease. However, the intra-luminal ultrasonic image is not clear enough to detect mucosal vascular deformity. One failure case occurred because the catheter probe could not be pushed out of the accessory channel of DBE. The ISIU assessments were in accordance with surgical interventions and histological biopsy results with a diagnostic accuracy of 77.8% (7/9) while it was 100% in combined with DBE. Conclusions: ISUS is feasible and safe as an adjunct to DBE in evaluating lesions in the entire small intestine. This study defines some of the normal small bowel anatomic variations encountered on ISUS examinations and describes its role in the evaluation of small bowel lesions.
Surgical Management of Carcinoma of the Midthoracic Esophagus
Authors: Richard H. Sweet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

IN OCTOBER, 1942, in an address given before the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, I1 made the following statement:Adequate removal of a carcinoma located in the middle half of the esophagus precludes the possibility of performing an anastomosis within the chest for the restoration of continuity. In all these cases it is necessary to establish a cervical esophagostomy and a gastrostomy or enterostomy for feeding.Two years later, as a result of increased experience with the transthoracic resection of carcinoma of the cardia and lower end of the esophagus, the field of resection followed by an anastomosis has . . .
P1277 VISITING A PRIMARY CARE PHYSICIAN AMONG PERSONS WHO INJECT DRUGS ATTENDING SYRINGE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS: COUPLING STRATEGIES TO OPTIMIZE HCV PREVENTION
Authors: A.A. Artenie, J. Bruneau, G. Zang, J.-M. Bamvita, A. Lévesque, D. Jutras-Aswad, M. Daniel, É. Roy
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Central Pontine Myelinolysis
Authors: Aniket N Tavare, Diane Murray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 35-year-old man presented with acute alcoholic hepatitis and encephalopathy. His sodium level was 119 mmol per liter. Over the next 5 days his condition improved with supportive treatment, including lactulose, vitamins and normal saline for hypovolemia.
Abstract LB-457: Effect of naproxen and NO-naproxen on intestinal neoplasia in the Apc +/Min-FCCC mouse model
Authors: Wen-Chi L. Chang, Christina M. Ferrara, Harry S. Cooper, Stacy L. Mosier, Esther Kaunga, Clinton J. Grubbs, Ronald A. Lubet, Margie Lee Clapper
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Recent efforts to improve the vascular and gastrointestinal safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have included the addition of a nitric oxide-donating moiety. The ability of the common NSAID naproxen and nitric oxide (NO)-naproxen to inhibit azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in the rat colon has been demonstrated. However, the chemopreventive activity of these agents against spontaneous colorectal tumors has not been reported. The goal of the present study was to compare the ability of naproxen and NO-naproxen (low- and high-dose molar equivalents) to inhibit colorectal adenomas in a unique strain of mice (Apc+/Min-FCCC) that spontaneously develops multiple colorectal tumors. Male Apc+/Min-FCCC mice (50 days of age) were randomized (n = 17 per group) to receive control diet or diet supplemented with naproxen (132 or 400 ppm) or NO-naproxen (182 or 550 ppm) for 45 days. Body weights were recorded weekly and did not differ significantly among treatment groups. At sacrifice, small intestinal and colonic tissues were examined grossly and the entire colon was submitted for histopathologic analysis. Low-dose naproxen and low-dose NO-naproxen decreased the multiplicity of gross small intestinal adenomas by 70.3% (mean ± SEM – 9.9 ± 1.45, P = 0.04) and 64.0% (12.0 ± 1.9), respectively, as compared to that of control mice (33.3 ± 14.0). No additional benefit was obtained by administering a higher dose of either agent. Histopathologic analyses revealed that the incidence of colorectal adenomas in mice treated with naproxen (low dose – 70.6%; high dose – 64.7%) was significantly less than that of both control mice (100%) (P = 0.019 and 0.0076, respectively) and mice treated with NO-naproxen (low dose – 88.2% and high dose – 100%). Low-dose naproxen reduced the multiplicity of colorectal adenomas by 41.5% as compared to control (mean ± SEM, 1.8 ± 0.5, 3.1 ± 0.7, respectively), while the efficacy of all other treatments was less. Interestingly, treatment with high-dose naproxen caused a dramatic (89.3%) reduction in the multiplicity of microadenomas as compared to unsupplemented control diet. This study represents the first demonstration that naproxen can inhibit spontaneous colorectal adenomas in a controlled model system. The ability of naproxen to disrupt the formation of colorectal lesions early in the carcinogenesis process (microadenomas) provides strong support for its further development as a regimen for the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in high-risk individuals. (Supported by NIH N01 CN-43309.) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-457. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-457
Uptake of Tc-99m MDP by a Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor of the Liver
Authors: N Nair, V Goyal, C N Nair
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A 10-year-old girl had a large mass occupying the right half of the abdomen associated with the liver. Aspiration cytology suggested primitive neuroectodermal tumor. A bone scan revealed avid uptake in the liver mass, and subsequent colloid and hepatobiliary imaging showed a large intrahepatic avascular mass displacing the gallbladder and right kidney. A CT scan showed amorphous calcification in the mass that explained the uptake of Tc-99m MDP. A literature survey has not revealed reports of primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the liverdemonstrated on bone scanning. The I-131 MIBG scan showed no uptake.
Participation of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the growth regulation of leukemia cells from Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute leukemia and blast crisis of chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: T Inukai, K Sugita, K Mitsui, K Iijima, K Goi, T Tezuka, S Kojika, K Kagami, T Mori, A Kinoshita, T Suzuki, T Okazaki-Koyama, S Nakazawa
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Case 44-1963
Authors: Victor G. Balboni, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Presentation of Case First admission. A thirty-nine-year-old Negro woman was admitted to the hospital because of cough and pain in the chest.Two months before entry, after a "cold" of several weeks' duration, the patient was seen in the clinic because of a cough, sore throat and mild pleuritic pain in the left side of the chest. There had been no hemoptysis, leg pain or excessive sputum production. Physical examination at that time revealed an obese woman with a slight fever and a few rales at the base of the left lung. The urine was normal; the white-cell count . . .
SPECT MONITORING OF TREATMENT OF ALZHEIMERʼS DISEASE WITH THA.
Authors: M. B. Cohen, R. R. Lake, L. S. Graham, L. J. Fitten, J. OʼRear, A. S. Kling, E. J. Metter, L. S. Yamada, G. A. Bronca, M. P. Gan, K. L. Greenwell, R. Sevrin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Cohen, M. B.; Lake, R. R.; Graham, L. S.; Fitten, L. J.; O'Rear, J.; Kling, A. S.; Metter, E. J.; Yamada, L. S.; Bronca, G. A.; Gan, M. P.; Greenwell, K. L.; Sevrin, R. Author Information
HMGB1-partner molecule complexes enhance cytokine production by signaling through the partner molecule receptor
Authors: Hulda Sigrídur Hreggvidsdóttir, Anna M Lundberg, Ann-Charlotte Aveberger, Lena Klevenvall, Ulf Andersson, Helena Erlandsson Harris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> The pro-inflammatory protein HMGB1 is a pathogenic mediator in several inflammatory diseases as demonstrated by beneficial effects of HMGB1-blocking therapy in experimental models including arthritis. High levels of extracellular HMGB1 are found both in experimental models of arthritis and in synovial biopsies from RA patients. Furthermore, intraarticular injection of HMGB1 causes destructive synovitis in mice. The authors and other groups have recently demonstrated that besides its endogenous pro-inflammatory properties, HMGB1 can induce cytokine release by complex formation with various proinflammatory molecules resulting in strong synergy. Direct HMGB1-mediated cytokine induction is mediated via TLR4. Receptor usage by HMGB1-complex formations is however an unresolved issue. The authors set out to test a hypothesis that HMGB1-complexes stimulate cytokine induction via dual receptor interaction. The authors postulated that HMGB1 signals via RAGE and the partner molecule via its reciprocal receptor and that the complexes bring these receptors in close proximity. <h3>Methods</h3> Recombinant HMGB1 was complexed with low amounts of either the TLR4 ligand LPS or the TLR2 ligand Pam3CSK4. The complexes were used to stimulate intraperitoneal macrophages obtained either from mice deficient in RAGE, TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, TIRAP, TRIF or TRAM or from wild type mice on a C57BL/6 background. Supernatant IL-6 levels assessed by ELISA (R&amp;D Systems) were used as the read-out method. <h3>Results</h3> HMGB1-LPS and HMGB1-Pam3CSK4 complexes both stimulated IL-6 release in a synergistic mode compared to the individual components. Lack of TLR4 eliminated HMGB1-LPS complex-induced IL-6 production whereas absence of TLR2 eliminated that activated by HMGB1-Pam3CSK4 complexes. Deleting RAGE had however no effect on stimulation by either complex. To study whether the complex stimulation caused changes in the intracellular signaling the authors stimulated cells deficient in the adaptor molecules used by TLR2 (MyD88, TIRAP) or TLR4 (MyD88, TIRAP, TRIF, TRAM) with HMGB1-LPS and HMGB1-Pam3CSK4 complexes. Deletion of any of the adaptor molecules had similar effects on HMGB1 complex activation as compared with non-complexed LPS or Pam<sub>3</sub>CSK<sub>4</sub>. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Cytokine production induced by LPS or Pam3CSK4 in complex with HMGB1 occurred via their reciprocal receptors. The authors could not demonstrate that HMGB1-RAGE interaction or changes in the signalling pathways was responsible for the synergistic cytokine release. Elucidating HMGB1 receptor usage in processes where HMGB1 acts alone or in complex with other molecules is essential for the understanding of basic HMGB1 biology and for designing HMGB1-targeted therapies.
Abstract 1306: p63 functions as an essential oncogene in squamous cell carcinoma <i>in vivo</i> and is required for tumor maintenance
Authors: Matthew R. Ramsey, Catherine Wilson, Benjamin Ory, S. Michael Rothenberg, William Faquin, Alea A. Mills, Leif W. Ellisen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Transcription factors mediate diverse functions in normal development and tumorigenesis. The p53-related transcription factor p63 (TP63) plays an essential role in development of stratified epithelial tissues, as germline loss of p63 leads to abnormal proliferation and differentiation of ectoderm-derived precursors. The role of p63 in human cancer, however, is controversial. Loss of p63 is associated with neoplastic progression in some animal models and in a subset of human tumors. Nevertheless, p63 is rarely targeted for somatic mutational inactivation and is indeed overexpressed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), where is has been postulated to function either as a key tumor maintenance factor or as a lineage marker not essential to the malignant process. Here, we show that SCCs are profoundly dependent on p63 expression in vivo, and we identify a key, therapeutically relevant pathway through which p63 mediates tumor maintenance. Conditional genetic ablation of p63 in an endogenous SCC model induces rapid and dramatic tumor regression owing to apoptosis of p63-expressing cells. We identify the FGFR2 oncogene as a direct transcriptional target of p63 that signals through AKT to mediate survival of SCC cells. Finally, we employ the clinical FGFR2 inhibitor AZD4547 to demonstrate the potential therapeutic effect of extinguishing FGFR2 signaling in p63-expressing SCCs. These results define p63 as a key tumor maintenance factor through regulation of FGFR2 signaling in SCC. More broadly, this demonstrates the potential for targeting oncogenic transcription factor pathways in tumors such as SCC that rarely exhibit somatic oncogene-activating mutations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1306. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1306
524 RESPONSE-GUIDED PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A THERAPY BASED ON HBSAG LEVELS AT WEEK 12 AND WEEK 24 OR 48 IMPROVES RESPONSE RATES IN HBEAG-NEGATIVE, GENOTYPE D PATIENTS
Authors: P. Lampertico, M. Viganò, G.G. Di Costanzo, E. Sagnelli, M. Fasano, V. Di Marco, S. Boninsegna, P. Farci, S. Fargion, T. Giuberti, V. Rothe, L. Regep, A. Caputo, F. Facchetti, M. Colombo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
PMO-049 Pre-operative weight loss in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass or band
Authors: G J Williams, P Georgiou, P P Tekkis, E Efthimiou
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> To evaluate the number of patients that achieved loss of at least 10% of their excess body weight prior to undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass or gastric band surgery. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty consecutive patients (mean age 48.28 (SD 10.52); 36 females) that underwent laparoscopic gastric bypass or gastric band surgery between May and November 2011 by one surgeon (EE) were included in the study. Patients were identified using the hospital9s prospective bariatric database. Inclusion criteria included: age over 18, primary bariatric surgery, Body Mass Index (BMI) over 35. SPSS statistical software was used for the analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-two patients were identified using the database, of which forty fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean BMI was 46.67 (SD 5.13) at presentation and 43.15 (SD 4.31) at surgery. Thirty-six patients lost weight pre-operatively, of which twenty-nine achieved their target weight loss. The overall mean % excess weight loss was 17.81% (SD 8.04); of those who achieved the target weight loss, the mean excess body weight loss was 20.27% (SD 6.90). The mean time interval between decision to operate and date of surgery was 28 weeks (SD 14.52). This was not shown to significantly influence the outcome. Hypertension was present in 18 patients; 10 patients had type 2 diabetes (T2DM), 10 obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), seven asthma, five hypothyroidism and two chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The absence of OSA was associated with successful target weight loss. This did not reach statistical significance (24 patients without OSA achieved their target excess body weight loss; p=0.079). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The majority of patients in the present study achieved the target weight loss quoted in the literature. The presence of OSA appears to negatively influence the achievement of pre-operative excess body weight loss. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Congress Will Face Host Of NIH Issues After Recess
Authors: Sylvia Bennett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Congress Will Face Host Of NIH Issues After Recess Get access Sylvia Bennett Sylvia Bennett Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 17, 4 September 1991, Pages 1216–1217, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.17.1216 Published: 04 September 1991
Migrant patients' access to HIV care: testing should always be free
Authors: V. C. Delpech, H. Curtis, A. E. Brown, E. Ong, G. Hughes, O. N. Gill
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Arie reported the extent to which migrant patients are a drain on NHS resources.1 The problem of HIV tourism by people who are known to be infected with HIV is minimal. Moreover, whereas some visitors are tested for HIV at sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics, the numbers are modest and early diagnosis and treatment reduces the costs of care and infectiousness.

Of 65 240 adults seen for HIV …