tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0219 Anti-saccharomyces cerevisae antibodies (ASCA) in active behÇet’s disease: A marker of intestinal involvement?
Authors: L.L. Prado, K.L. Augusto, P.F. Magalhães, V.T. Viana, C.G.S. Saad, C.R. Gonçalves
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Behçet's disease (BD) differentiation from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) based on clinical features is challenging, especially concerning gastrointestinal and articular involvement, relatively common in enteroartrhitis (EA). The presence of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisae antibodies (ASCA), a valid serological marker in Crohn's disease, has been controversially described in BD series. On the other hand, anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmatic antibodies (ANCA) are found in systemic vasculitides and ulcerative colitis, but not in BD. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate ASCA and ANCA prevalence in BD and its possible clinical associations compared to EA. <h3>Methods</h3> One-hundred and thirty patients were studied, 87 BD and 43 EA. All patients were interviewed by a rheumatologist, according to a standard protocol,for clinical features and disease activity indexes [Brazilian BD Current Activity Form (BR-BDCAF) for BD, Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index (SCCAI) and Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) for EA]. Autoantibodies were detected by ASCA IgG and IgA ELISA tests and ANCA indirect immunofluorescence assays. Results were expressed in means and standard deviations and all variables were compared using the student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. Statistical significance was determined at p&lt;0.05. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age (44.7±10.6 vs. 46.2±12.2 years, p=0.03) and female frequency (78% vs. 79%, p=1.00) of BD and EA patients were comparable. ASCA prevalence in BD compared to EA was similar (33% vs. 30%, p=0.84), regardless of analyzed subgroups (IgG or IgA). Of note, in further analysis ASCA prevalence in active BD (BR-BDCAF&gt;4) was increased in male patients (62% vs. 9%, p=0.03) and in those with gastrointestinal symptoms (61% vs. 27%, p=0.04), whereas no association was observed with EA disease activity indexes. Lower ANCA prevalence was found in BD compared to EA (6% vs. 32%, p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> ASCA seems to be a valid serological marker to discriminate in active BD a subset of male patients and gastrointestinal involvement. <h3>References</h3> Filik L, Biyikoglu I. Differentiation of Behcet's disease from inflammatory bowel diseases: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody and anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody. World J Gastroenterol. 2008; 14(47): 7271. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P5-08-03: How Reader's Training, Software, and Image Formats Impact Percent Dense Area Measures.
Authors: B Fan, F Duewer, FF Wu, K Kerlikowske, C Vachon, JA Shepherd
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Mammographic percent dense area, the percent ratio of dense to total breast area in a mammogram, is one of the strongest measures of a woman's risk of breast cancer. However, systematic differences have been observed between readers and mammography technologies (film and digital) that could cause clinically inconsistent associations with risk. The purpose of this study was to evaluate inter- and intra-reproducibility of percent dense area between readers and between film and digital technologies. METHODS: One hundred digitized film mammograms were randomly selected with 25 films in each of quartile of percent density and read by two readers at two different sites (Mayo Clinic and UCSF). The readers had extensive experience and were also jointly trained at university of Toronto using Cumulus software. After training, all films were read twice with at least one year between duplicate readings. The Mayo clinic reading used Cumulus while UCSF used custom semiautomatic software to estimate total and dense tissue area. In addition, digitized films and unprocessed full field digital mammograms of the same women were assessed by one reader. The time between the film and digital acquisitions ranged from nine to twenty-four months. Interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated for each comparison. RESULTS: The intra- and inter-observer ICCs, consistency for film images, were 0.96 (UCSF) and 0.97 (Mayo), and 0.96 (UCSF vs. Mayo). We found ICC between film and digital mammograms for percent dense area was 0.88. The digital mammogram had 9% significantly higher total breast area and 5% significantly lower percent density area compared to film. CONCLUSIONS: Similarly trained readers had a high reproducibility regardless of the software used. Our results suggest centralized reader training should enable pooling of film breast density results from different clinics. However, pooling film and digital results would need careful calibration due to lower measured percent dense areas than on film. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-08-03.
Actions of 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol in Patients with Hypophosphatemic, Vitamin-D-Resistant Rickets
Authors: Arnold S. Brickman, Jack W. Coburn, Kiyoshi Kurokawa, John E. Bethune, Harold E. Harrison, Anthony W. Norman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, the active form of vitamin D, was administered orally in doses of 1.3 to 2.7 μg per day to four patients with hypophosphatemic, vitamin-D-resistant rickets to assess whether deficient production of this steroid might be responsible for this disorder. One patient was from a kindred with X-linked, dominant transmission, and two were from a family showing autosomal dominant transmission. The patients responded with increased urinary calcium, decreased fecal calcium or augmented intestinal absorption of radioactive calcium (47Ca). Urinary excretion of phosphorus decreased only slightly and transiently in two patients and increased in the other two; the hypophosphatemia was not corrected. Thus, a physiologic response in the intestinal absorption of calcium occurred, but the defect in renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate was not corrected. These observations provide evidence that the biochemical alterations in hypophosphatemic vitamin-D-resistant rickets are not due to impaired synthesis or action of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. (N Engl J Med 289:495–498, 1973)
Abstract 3608: PTEN mutation associated with EGFR TKI <i>de novo</i> resistance
Authors: Youngwook Kim, Jeonghun Ko, Zheng Yun Cui, Myung Ju Ahn, Keunchil Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in 60-80% of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Recent identification that EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI), such as erlotinib and gefitinib, has marked therapeutic effect in a subset of lung cancer patients has prompted extensive clinical trials, which revealed strong association between EGFR-TKI responder groups and the presence of activating mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR. Molecular biomarkers used in predicting EGFR TKI responsiveness, however, can vary depending on individual circumstances. Albeit small number of patients, a subset of lung cancer patients does not respond to gefitinib or erlotinb de novo, despite the presence of EGFR activating mutations. The molecular basis of the de novo resistance to EGFR-TKI in EGFR mutant remains largely unidentified. Here we report that EGFR mutated H1650 cells harbor PTEN deletion mutation, which confers EGFR mutant lung cancer cells with EGFR-TKI resistance. We show that erlotinib in combination with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 inhibits the cell viability of H1650 cells in vitro, consistent with a recent report by Sos et al. that showed PTEN etiology in EGFR-TKI de novo resistance in H1650 cells. Combination of erlotinib and PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in xenograft animal model studies. Unexpectedly, we also show that tumor growth of H1650 cells can be proprely controlled in xenograft in vivo animal model with erlotinib alone, raising the possibility that patients with PTEN deletion in the context of EGFR dependent lung cancer can still benefit from EGFR-TKI therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3608.
PTH-034 Achieving Nice Standards for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: First Uk Practice Study
Authors: P Hurlstone, I Elfadel, E Said
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is an advanced technique that aims to resect appropriately selected gastrointestinal intraepithelial neoplasias <i>en bloc</i>, allowing precise histological diagnosis for staging and resection margin analysis. No published data from the UK exists from either tertiary referral units or DGH settings since the recent publication of ESD NICE guidelines in 2010. Such data is of paramount importance for service development and for establishing the potential role of ESD in current Cancer Service Frameworks (CSF) in the UK. Data is urgently required by NICE for stage 1 guidance revision. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients who underwent ESD in 2009–2012 at BDGH (n = 47) were included in this study. Primary outcome measures were complication rates, resection status, 30-day readmission rates, mortality and tumour recurrence. These data were then analysed against recently published standards set by NICE. <h3>Results</h3> Inclusions-HGD/IMC/T1 carcinoma/GIST. n = 47 (LGIT 26/UGIT 21). <i>En bloc</i> resection was achieved in 45/47 patients (95.7% vs 93% by NICE1). 41/46 patients had complete resection (R0) (89.1% vs 86.5% by NICE1). There were 2 cases of intra-operative bleeding (7.4% vs 22.6% by Oka S. <i>et al</i>), where haemostasis was achieved using triclips. There was 1 delayed bleed (2% vs 0–9% by Oka S. <i>et al)</i> requiring laparotomy. 1 perforation (2% vs 4% by NICE1) occurred requiring laparotomy for gastric repair. 2 patients (4%) were readmitted within 30 days post ESD - 1 with post laparotomy abdominal dehiscence, and the other with post polypectomy syndrome. There were no recurrence or metastases in our cohort (0% vs 10% by NICE1). [Median follow up 20.5 months/range 3–38 months). <i>P</i> &gt; 0.5 (<i>ns)</i> for all parameters. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results represent first phase practise audit against NICE guidance. These data may enhance utilisation of ESD within the UK CSF as clear efficacy against nationally set guidelines is achievable. However, it is mandatory that ongoing multicentre efficacy data is collected. Should CSF accept this technique in full, with agreed tariff, a ‘roll out’ of a national registry and advanced training curriculum is mandatory. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> National Institute of Clinical Excellence IPG355/360 Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of oesophageal dysplasia and neoplasia/gastric lesions: audit support 2010. 2. Gastrointest Endosc. 2006 Dec; 64(6):877–83. Epub 2006 Sep 20. Advantage of endoscopic submucosal dissection compared with EMR for early gastric cancer. Oka S.<i> et al.</i>
Abstract 2074: Association of MnSOD and microRNA-301a regulation with inhibition of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yan Li, Xuanshe Li, Yong Li, Russell E. Brown, Suzanne C. Schiffman, Robert C. Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) has been found to be low in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Overexpressing MnSOD in PDAC has decreased growth rate of cancer cells. microRNAs, short 20-25 nucleotide RNA molecules, can function as oncogenes or as tumour suppressors. It has been shown that microRNA-301a is specifically up-regulated in PDAC specimen and inhibition of microRNA-301a has a decreased growth rate of PDAC cells. Aim: This study is to determine the relationship between the level of MnSOD and microRNA-301a regulation regarding the growth inhibition of PDAC. Methods: we carried out two experiments. A total of 60 PDAC specimens, along with 20 normal pancreatic tissues were obtained for immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) studies to evaluate MnSOD and microRNA-301a expression. All pathology findings for the specimens were scored by two pathologists who were both blinded to the subjects. We also established a xenograft PDAC mouse model to study the growth rate in vivo. Nude BALB/C mice, 6 weeks old, were injected subcutaneously with 5×106 human PDAC (PanC-1 cells transfected with micro-301a antisence and control). Tumor-bearing animals were maintained for 8 weeks. Tumor growth was followed and tumor volume (TV) was determined using the standard formula, TV = (L xW2)/2. Results: There were significant decreases of MnSOD expression in PDAC specimens (1.5±0.06) compared to normal controls (2.5±0.07; p &amp;lt; 0.05). microRNA-301a expression was significantly increased in PDAC specimens (0.85±0.046) compared to normal controls (0.1±0.05; p &amp;lt; 0.05). The animal study findings indicated that microRNA-301a antisence transfection can significantly decrease the growth rate of inoculated PDAC cells. The decrease the growth rate is associated with the increased MnSOD levels (Fig 1) and decreased NF-kappaB expression. Conclusions: 1) MnSOD levels are negatively associated microRNA-301a expression in PDAC tissues; 2) increased levels of MnSOD are associated with microRNA-301a down-regulation and inhibition of PDAC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2074.
SAT0349 Assessment of Postural Stability in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study
Authors: V. Perez-Guijo, J. L. Garrido-Castro, E. Collantes-Estevez, C. Gonzalez-Navas, J. Gil-Cabezas, M. A. Garcia-Rodriguez, P. Font-Ugalde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common disease affecting human locomotion, and one of the most important causes of disability among the elderly population. In order to assess health status of patients self-evaluated questionnaires are commonly used, wich may be influenced by certain degree of subjectivity. Hialuronic acid is a common used treatment to improve knee OA. A force plate connected to a computer allows to analyze postural stability evaluating the center of pressure (CoP) sway in the lateral and sagittal planes. These methods of assessment the postural stability have shown excellent reliability in previous studies. <h3>Objectives</h3> Analyze the assessment of postural stability in patients with Knee OA using a triaxial force plate. <h3>Methods</h3> 10 patients with knee OA were analyzed (6 women and 4 men, age 55.3±3.2 years, weight 82.5±12.9 Kgr.) and 6 healthy subjects (4 women and 6 men, age 53.1±1.6 years, weight 78.3±10.4 Kgr.) as control group. Patients had a II-II degree of knee OA according to Kellgren and Lawrence scale. Hyaluronic acid injections were applied into the affected knee. Measures were taken before and after (4 weeks) treatment. A triaxial force plate (Bertec © FP5040) was used to assess postural balance. Patiens remained quiet for 10 seconds on the force plate, first with their eyes open (EO) and then another 10 seconds with their eyes closed (EC). Following parameters were recorded: total CoP distance, distance covered in antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions, area covered, and Romberg test (relation between EC and EO area). Patients fulfilled questionnaires in each test in order to calculate indexes: VAS general, VAS pain, WOMAC, SF-36 and OARSI criteria. <h3>Results</h3> Significant differences were observed in CoP area in both EO and EC, and in Romberg test, between pre and post treatment measures. Differences between control group and patients were significant in almost all parameters. In questionnaires based indexes, improvements were showed, although these differences were not statistically significant. Correlations were found between CoP sway with EC (p&lt;0.05) and Romberg test (p&lt;0.05) with pain according to VAS. SF-36 index also correlated (p&lt;0.05) with CoP sway in both EO and EC. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite being a pilot study, with a very reduced sample, measurements of postural stability obtained from the force plate were sensitive to treatment. It was also interesting correlations between balance and pain level according to VAS, wich seems to show that pain in knee OA produces certain postural imbalance, as previous studies shown. Future studies with larger sample size may demonstrate our hypothesis, so this kind of technology can be used to assess outcome in knee OA patients and to show effectiveness treatments. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) for diffuse esophageal spasm
Authors: H. Minami, H. Isomoto, N. Yamaguchi, K. Ohnita, F. Takeshima, H. Inoue, K. Nakao
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) is a rare esophageal dysmotility condition characterized by simultaneous contractions of the distal esophagus and manifested by dysphagia and chest pain. Pharmacological therapy, endoscopic interventions, and surgical myotomy have been linked to various outcomes [1] [2]. Recently, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has been introduced as an effective and less invasive treatment for achalasia [3]. We report here our clinical experiences of POEM for DES.
C1Q ASSAY IS NOT COMPLETELY RELIABLE TO PREDICT A POSITIVE PROSPECTIVE CYTOTOXIC DONOR-SPECIFIC CROSSMATCH PRIOR TO HEART TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Michael X. Yang, Sean Sana, Jenna Rush, Tamar Aintablian, Michelle Kittleson, Dael Geft, Lawrence Czer, Jon Kobashigawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Two CDC reports look at regional, racial, and sex disparities in US health
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Two reports from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention highlight regional, racial, and sex disparities in people’s health in the United States.

A study in the latest issue of the CDC’s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report looked at healthy life expectancy of people aged 65 years in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.1 The study defined healthy life expectancy as the years of healthy life a 65 year old could expect to live, which on average across states was 13.9 years, found the researchers, led by Man-Huei Chang of the CDC’s Epidemiology and Analysis Program Office. The total life expectancy at age 65 averaged across the states was 19.1 years.

But healthy life expectancy of men and women was generally less in the US South than …
PTU-093 Hcc Diagnosed on Surveillance Programmes: impact on Stage and outcome
Authors: A Ahmed, Z Mustafa, M Neilson, M Rutherford, S Ballantyne, R Kasthuri, J Evans, E H Forrest, S Barclay, R Gillespie, M Priest, P R Mills, A J Stanley
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Surveillance of cirrhotic patients for HCC is recommended by numerous national and international guidelines. However many patients are still diagnosed de novo with this malignancy. Data on the benefits of surveillance remains relatively limited. Our aim was to compare stage at diagnosis and patient outcome for those diagnosed on surveillance and those who were not. <h3>Methods</h3> Using our regional HCC MDT database, we analysed patients diagnosed with HCC between January 2009 and January 2012. All patients were staged using the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) system. We compared the stage at diagnosis, the treatment strategy after MDT discussion, and the survival in those diagnosed in surveillance with those diagnosed de novo. Statistical comparisons were made using CHI-squared or Kaplan Meier analysis as appropriate. <h3>Results</h3> 190 patients were diagnosed with HCC at MDT during the study period. We had full follow-up data on 169 patients which were used for analyses, with mean follow up 10 months. Mean age was 68 years and 82% patients were male. Aetiology was alcoholic liver disease in 32% and HCV in 15%. 38 (22%) patients were in surveillance programmes at diagnosis of HCC and 132 (78%) were not. Tumours were BCLC stage A at diagnosis in 28.9% patients in surveillance, compared with 6.1% not in surveillance (p = 0.0003). 15.8% those diagnosed in surveillance underwent transplantation or resection, compared with 2.3% who were not (p = 0.004). Survival for those diagnosed in surveillance was greater than those diagnosed de novo (p = 0.01) <h3>Conclusion</h3> Most patients diagnosed with HCC in our region were not in surveillance programmes. Patients diagnosed on surveillance were more likely to have potentially curative disease and had higher overall survival. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared <h3>References</h3> EASL Clinical practise guidelines: Management of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2012; 56:908–943 AASLD Practice Guidelines management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An update. Hepatol 2010; 53(3):1021–1022 APASL consensus on HCC. Hepatol Intern 2010; 4:439–74
PTU-099 Surveillance Colonoscopy In Inflammatory Bowel Disease In A District General Hospital – Are We Improving?
Authors: L-L Clark, S Paterson
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of colorectal cancer. In 2009 the British Society of Gastroenterology updated guidelines recommending chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies of suspicious areas, Grade A; or 2–4 biopsies every 10cm, Grade C. A local audit in Forth Valley Royal Hospital (FVRH) looking at adherence to guidelines was carried out in 2009 showing adherence to guidelines in 27% (12/44) of cases. Subsequent to this, information regarding the current guidelines was disseminated to clinicians and three medical consultants took responsibility for performing chromoendoscopy. Practice was then re-audited. <h3>Methods</h3> FVRH is a district general hospital with a catchment area of 300,000. The endosocpy reporting tool Unisoft was used to identify patients undergoing colonoscopy with the indication “follow up - colitis surveillance” during a 1 year period from 01/01/2012. The endoscopy report was reviewed noting the endoscopist, completeness of procedure, and adherence to a surveillance guideline. The pathology reports were accessed via the SCI store computer system. <h3>Results</h3> 87 patients were identified (44 identified over 6 months during the previous audit) as having colitis surveillance colonoscopy. 60 (69%) procedures adhered to one of the recognised surveillance strategies (37 dye-spray, 23 biopsy protocol) compared to 27% (12/44) in 2009. There has also been a marked increase in the number of patients who had chromoendoscopy; 43% (37/87) versus 4.5% (2/44) in 2009. The other main difference in this audit was the type of endoscopist performing the procedure (medical 70% v 32%, nurse 22% v 43%, surgeon 25% v 8%). Medical gastroenterologists performed 34 of the 37 chromoendoscopic procedures. Compliance rates increased in medical endoscopies to 79% (v 32%), nurses 63% (v 37%) compared to the previous audit. Dysplasia was found in 10 of the 87 cases. 8 showed low grade dysplasia in tubular adenomas, 1 was high grade dysplasia in DALM discovered using chromoendoscopy and colectomy was performed. Low grade dysplasia was also identified in one patient and they are awaiting discussion about colectomy. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There has been a significant improvement in adherence to current guidelines after dissemination of this information to the relevant clinicians. The use of chromoendoscopy has been successfully adopted in a significant number of patients. Streamlining of procedures to endoscopists with an interest in IBD surveillance has added to the improved compliance with guidelines but there are still a number of procedures performed outwith guidelines likely in part due to the ‘generic pooling’ of endoscopy lists. The setting up of specific surveillance lists may improve compliance and chromoendoscopy rates further. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.