tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Secondary cancers after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Japan
Authors: K. Shimada, T. Yokozawa, Y. Atsuta, A. Kohno, F. Maruyama, K. Yano, H. Taji, Y. Morishita
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

6650 Background: Among late complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), secondary cancers are a serious determinant of patient's outcome. The incidence and risk factors of secondary cancers, however, have not been thoroughly evaluated in Asian countries. Herein, Japanese consequence was retrospectively analyzed using NBMTG database. Methods: For 809 patients who had received HSCT between 1981 and 2000, the number of person-years at risk was calculated from the date of transplantation until the date of last contact, death, diagnosis of a new cancer, or completion of the study, whichever occurred first. Age-, sex-, year-, and region-specific incidence rates were applied to the appropriate person-years at risk to compute the expected numbers of cancers. Incidence rates for all invasive cancers were obtained from the data from the Research Group for Population-based Cancer Registration in Japan. The relationship between the occurrence of secondary cancer and concomitant variables was calculated by means of the Cox proportional-hazards model. Results: Fifteen newly diagnosed solid cancers after HSCT were observed. The risk for cancer development was 3.3 times as high as expected cases. The cumulative incidence ratio at five years and that of ten years were 1.9% and 4.8%, respectively. The risk was significantly elevated for buccal cavity cancer (standard incidental ratio (SIR), 47.35: 95% confidence interval (CI) 15.37 to 110.50), esophagus cancer (SIR, 18.10: 95% CI 2.19 to 65.38), cervix cancer (SIR, 11.72: 95% CI 1.42 to 42.32), uterus cancer (SIR, 12.93: 95% CI 0.33 to 72.08). In multivariate analyses, chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and age at the time of transplantation were associated with higher risk for solid cancers. Among 15 patients, 14 patients received therapy for secondary cancers. 10 patients are still alive and 5-year probability of survival is 59.3 %. Conclusions: Patients who underwent HSCT have increased risk for secondary cancers. Chronic GVHD and age are two major risk factors for cancer development. Furthermore, our data strongly suggests that appropriate therapy for secondary cancers could prolong patient over all survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Gastrointestinal Acuity Score (GAS): A Comprehensive Risk Score Incorporating Histologic Grade and Clinical Factors to Predict Need for Second Line Therapy, Non-Relapse Mortality, and Overall Survival in Lower Gastrointestinal Graft Vs. Host Disease
Authors: Jin S. Im, Rima M Saliba, Susan C Abraham, Asif Rashid, William Ross, Yago Nieto, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Betul Oran, Amanda Olson, Sairah Ahmed, Uday R. Popat, Gabriela Rondon, Muzaffar H. Qazilbash, Nina Shah, Richard E. Champlin, Amin M. Alousi
Journal: Blood (2015)
TCT-317 Local Low Endothelial Shear Stress (ESS) Provides Incremental Prediction of Non-culprit MACE in Addition to Plaque Burden, Minimal Lumen Area, and Plaque Morphology: The PROSPECT Study
Authors: Peter Stone, Akiko Maehara, Ahmet U. Coskun, Charles Maynard, Ioannis Andreou, Gerasimos Siasos, None Marina zaromitidou, Dimitrios I. Fotiadis, Kostas Stefanou, Michail I. Papafaklis, Lampros K. Michalis, Alexandra Lansky, Gary S. Mintz, Patrick W. Serruys, Charles L. Feldman, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
This Is a Title : Long Term succsesfull Prophylaxis in 190 Patients with Severe Congenital Factor XIII Deficiency, a Four Years Experience. Here Is the Sub-Title: Succsefull Prophylaxis in Factor XIII Deficiency
Authors: Majid Naderi, Akbar Dorgalaleh, Shadi Tabibian, Shaban Alizadeh, Maryam Sadat Hosseini, Mehran Karimi, Soudabeh Hosseini
Journal: Blood (2014)
Elevated neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio to predict survival outcome after recurrence for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
Authors: Toshiaki Iwase, Takafumi Sangai, Masahiro Sakakibara, Takeshi Nagashima, Masaru Miyazaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

24 Background: Recent studies show that obesity plays a major role in causing chronic inflammation by producing several inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, there is limited research focusing on the effect of obesity in recurrent breast cancer treatments. Therefore, we set out to clarify the impact of obesity related inflammation by Neutrophil to Lymphocyte ratio (N/L ratio) in recurrent breast cancer treatment. Methods: From January 2005 to December 2014, 93 patients with recurrent breast cancer after surgery were included. World Health Organization body mass index (BMI) classification was used for evaluating the degree of obesity. Muscle mass amount was also analyzed. Lumber skeletal muscle index (LSMI, cm 2 /m 2 ) was generated by standardizing each patient’s muscle area (m 2 ) at the third lumber vertebrae level in axial CT data. Less than 50m 2 in LSMI was defined as pre-sarcopenia. N/L ratio was calculated from the laboratory data, and more than 3.0 was defined as high N/L group. Results: Patient background showed there were 20 overweight patients and 2 obese patients. Twenty-eight cases had pre-sarcopenia. In univariate analysis, N/L ratio had no significant differences among BMI categories. However, triple negative (TN) type demonstrated significantly high N/L ratio compared to other subtypes (p &lt; 0.05). LMSI had significant negative correlation to N/L ratio (p &lt; 0.05). In survival analysis, Overweight/Obese group showed significantly shorter OS (p &lt; 0.05). High N/L ratio group also showed similar results (p &lt; 0.05). When stratified by intrinsic subtypes, TN type demonstrated significantly shorter OS (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, Overweight/Obese groups in TN type had notably shorter OS (p &lt; 0.05). In multivariate analysis, subtype and N/L ratio were independently related to OS (Hazard ratio: 3.3 in TN type, 2.9 in High NL ratio group). Conclusions: Present study did not show any significant relationship between obesity and chronic inflammation in recurrent breast cancer setting. On the contrary, intrinsic subtype was significantly related to inflammation, leading to pre-sarcopenia and worse OS. Whether obesity promotes inflammation in TN type needs more investigation.
Piloting IBM Watson Oncology within Memorial Sloan Kettering’s regional network.
Authors: Marjorie Glass Zauderer, Ayca Gucalp, Andrew S. Epstein, Andrew David Seidman, Aryeh Caroline, Svetlana Granovsky, Julia Fu, Jeffrey Keesing, Scott Lewis, Heather Co, John Petri, Mark Megerian, Thomas Eggebraaten, Peter Bach, Mark G. Kris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e17653 Background: We have reported on efforts to develop IBM Watson Oncology, a cognitive computing application designed to inform clinical decision making. The initial prototype demonstrated results in lung and breast cancers, and addressed some complexities of natural language processing (Bach, Proc ASCO 2013). Here, we report our experience with a pilot testing program with staff at Memorial Sloan Kettering's (MSK) regional network who are not part of the development and training team. Methods: Medical oncologists from MSK's regional network were invited to evaluate the application. These physicians manage patients with many primary types of cancer. We gave login credentials for the internet-based application and asked each doctor to use the program designed to assist in choosing initial therapies for breast and colorectal cancers. Members of the development team, including physicians, analysts, engineers, and usability experts interviewed these pilot users to gather feedback. Data from each user's selection of treatment options was collected, including assessments of accuracy and quality. Users could report issues directly through an embedded tool. Results: To date, six users have independently logged into the pilot, created and submitted cases, and evaluated the application's output and functionality. Users recognized value in selecting appropriate treatment options, but noted opportunities to enhance the usability and utility of the pilot for physicians using the tool as part of their normal routines. Users commented that it took too long to enter a case because some of the approximately 20 clinical attributes were irrelevant and felt data should have been imported from existing data sources. Users also requested the device provide more information on how treatments were scored and ranked. Conclusions: IBM Watson Oncology's development team has created an initial pilot application. We plan to improve the application's usability and utility by enhancing integration with electronic medical record systems, expanding users' ability to iteratively add new clinical attributes, and providing additional information on the factors influencing the system's output. Testing by MSK medical oncologists and other organizations continues.
Subregional Pattern of Striatal Dopamine Transporter Loss on <sup>18</sup>F FP-CIT Positron Emission Tomography in Patients With Pure Akinesia With Gait Freezing
Authors: Sangwon Han, Minyoung Oh, Jungsu S. Oh, Sang Ju Lee, Seung Jun Oh, Sun Ju Chung, Hee Kyung Park, Jae Seung Kim
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Pure akinesia with gait freezing (PAGF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by freezing of gait, handwriting, and speech without abnormal eye movement or cognitive impairment. Several studies have suggested that PAGF may be a variant of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). However, the characteristics of striatal dopamine transporter loss in PAGF are unknown.To investigate the subregional pattern of striatal dopamine transporter loss in patients with PAGF in comparison with patients with PSP and those with Parkinson disease (PD).This retrospective case-control study included 15 patients with PAGF, 27 with PD, 20 with PSP, and 11 healthy controls who underwent F-18-fluorinated-N-3-fluoropropyl-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-nortropane (18F FP-CIT) positron emission tomography between September 1, 2008, and July 31, 2014. The positron emission tomographic images were analyzed with 12 striatal subregional and 1 occipital volume-of-interest templates. The specific to nonspecific binding ratio (SNBR) and intersubregional ratio (ISR) in patients with PAGF were compared with those in patients with PD and those with PSP.Comparisons of SNBRs of striatal subregions and ISR among patients with PAGF, PD, and PSP and healthy controls.The mean (SD) SNBRs (1.4 [0.7]) of the whole striatum in the 15 patients with PAGF (mean [SD] age, 71.4 [6.6] years; 7 men and 8 women) were similar to those in the 20 patients (mean [SD] age, 70.6 [4.5] years; 11 men and 9 women) with PSP (1.5 [0.5]) but significantly lower than those in the 27 patients (mean [SD] age, 67.7 [5.3] years; 10 men and 17 women) with PD (3.0 [1.3]). The mean (SD) SNBRs of the caudate nuclei in patients with PAGF (1.3 [0.9]) were significantly lower than those in patients with PD (3.5 [1.5]; P < .001) but slightly higher than those in patients with PSP (1.2 [0.5]). The mean [SD] anterior caudate to ventral striatum ISRs in patients with PAGF (0.5 [0.3]) were similar to those in patients with PSP (0.4 [0.2]) but not in patients with PD (1.0 [0.2]). The mean (SD) posterior to anterior putamen ISRs in patients with PAGF (0.4 [0.2]) were similar to those in patients with PD (0.5 [0.2]) and those with PSP (0.4 [0.2]).On 18F FP-CIT positron emission tomography, patients with PAGF show a pattern of preferential dopaminergic loss similar to that seen in patients with PSP. These results suggest a similar distribution of regional neuronal loss in the substantia nigra pars compacta between PAGF and PSP. This finding may be one of the pathophysiological results suggesting that PAGF is a phenotypic variant of PSP.
Recent historical migrations have shaped the gene pool of Arabs and Berbers in North Africa
Authors: Lara R. Arauna, Javier Mendoza-Revilla, Alex Mas-Sandoval, Hassan Izaabel, Asmahan Bekada, Soraya Benhamamouch, Karima Fadhlaoui-Zid, Pierre Zalloua, Garrett Hellenthal, David Comas
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

North Africa is characterized by its diverse cultural and linguistic groups and its genetic heterogeneity. Genomic data has shown an amalgam of components mixed since pre-Holocean times. Though no differences have been found in uniparental and classical markers between Berbers and Arabs, the two main ethnic groups in the region, the scanty genomic data available have highlighted the singularity of Berbers. We characterize the genetic heterogeneity of North African groups, focusing on the putative differences of Berbers and Arabs, and estimate migration dates. We analyze genome-wide autosomal data in five Berber and six Arab groups, and compare them to Middle Easterns, sub-Saharans, and Europeans. Haplotype-based methods show a lack of correlation between geographical and genetic populations, and a high degree of genetic heterogeneity, without strong differences between Berbers and Arabs. Berbers enclose genetically diverse groups, from isolated endogamous groups with high autochthonous component frequencies, large homozygosity runs and low effective population sizes, to admixed groups with high frequencies of sub-Saharan and Middle Eastern components. Admixture time estimates show a complex pattern of recent historical migrations, with a peak around the 7th century C.E. coincident with the Arabization of the region; sub-Saharan migrations since the 1st century B.C. in agreement with Roman slave trade; and a strong migration in the 17th century C.E., coincident with a huge impact of the trans-Atlantic and trans-Saharan trade of sub-Saharan slaves in the Modern Era. The genetic complexity found should be taken into account when selecting reference groups in population genetics and biomedical studies.
Human Adenylate Kinase 2 Deficiency Causes a Profound Haematopoietic Defect Associated with Sensorineural Deafness
Authors: Marina Cavazzana-Calvo, Chantal Lagresle-Peyrou, Emmanuelle M Six, Capucine Picard, Frederic Rieux-Laucat, Vincent Michel, Andrea Ditadi, Corinne Demerens-de-Chappedelaine, Estelle Morillon, Françoise Valensi, Karen L Simon-Stoos, James C Mullikin, Lenora M Noroski, Céline Besse, Nicolas Wulffraat, Alina Ferster, Manuel M Abecasis, Fabien Calvo, Christine Petit, Fabio Candotti, Laurent Abel, Alain Fischer
Journal: Blood (2008)
TCT-736 Hemodynamic Predictors of Renal Dysfunction and Mortality in Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Deepakraj Gajanana, Bhaskar Purushottam, David Wheeler, Sean F. Janzer, Dennis L. Morris, Vincent M. Figueredo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
Authors: Sophie Gandrille, Régis Peffault de Latour, Emeline Levionnois, Anna D. Petropoulou, Isabelle Galy-Fauroux, Paula Rodriguez-Otero, Gérard Socié, Anne-Marie Fischer, Dominique Helley
Journal: Blood (2011)
Genotype-driven study of weekly irinotecan and capecitabine in combination with neoadjuvant radiotherapy of locally advanced rectal cancer.
Authors: Zhen Zhang, Ji Zhu, Yunzhu Shen, Juefeng Wan, Guichao Li, Ye Xu, Xinxiang Li, Sanjun Cai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3614 Background: In our previous study, The MTD of weekly irinotecan was escalated to 80 mg/m2 in patients with the UGT1A1 6/6 genotype and to 65 mg/m2 in those with the 6/7 genotype. This is a sequent platform study for patients with 6/6 genotype. Methods: Patients with rectal cancer clinical stage T3-4, N0-2 eligible for preoperative chemoradiotherapy were screened for the UGT1A1 genotype. The dose of weekly irinotecan was 80 mg/m2 for the 6/6 genotype patients, whereas the dose of capecitabine was fixed to 625 mg/m2 bid d1-5 weekly. Concurrent intensity-modulated radiation therapy was given to the pelvis (50 Gy/ 25Fxs). Results: A total of 52 patients (median age, 54 years) were enrolled. Fifty-one patients completed radiotherapy schedule as planned and 42 (81%) patients completed more than three cycles of weekly irinotecan. Forty-three patients (83%) underwent radical surgery and R0-resection was accomplished in all patients. Five of the 9 patients refused to have surgery and accepted watch and wait strategy after achieving clinical complete response. Of the 43 resected patients, pathological complete response was observed in 13 (30%), and another 15 showed microfoci of residual tumour (35%). Grade 3/4 leucopenia/neutropenia occurred in 11 patients (21%), and the main grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity was diarrhea (n = 9, 17%). Conclusions: Our data exhibits manageable toxicities and an encouraging high pCR rate in the UGT1A1 6/6 genotype cases. A phase III trial is ongoing to evaluate the value of irinotecan in neoadjuvant therapy (NCT02605265). Clinical trial information: NCT01474187.
Phase II study of celecoxib and weekly paclitaxel in the treatment of pretreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: S. C. Stani, G. Carillio, S. Meo, A. Morabito, P. Bonginelli, G. Comella, G. Mansueto, A. Avallone, M. Gion, G. Gasparini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

7337 Background: Cyclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) is overexpressed in about 70% of NSCLC. Selective inhibitors of COX-2 have antitumor activity by blocking angiogenesis and apoptosis. The different mechanisms of action and the non-overlapping side effects suggest their association with cytotoxic agents. This Phase II study was designed to evaluate the activity and tolerability of weekly paclitaxel (PCT) plus celecoxib (CEL), and possible clinical correlations with biomarkers. Methods: PCT was administered at the dose of 80 mg/m2 IV weekly for six weeks followed by two-week rest, and CEL 400 mg p.o. bid continuously. A cycle consisted of 8 weeks. Serum/CTADplasma VEGF and IL-6 analysis was performed at baseline and every two cycles. Results: 53 patients (pts), previously treated with front-line platinum-based chemotherapy, entered the trial since January 2002. None of them had previously received taxanes. Pts characteristics: median (m) age 60 yrs (range 30–77); male/female= 43/10; PS 0/1/2= 31/20/2; 30 adenocarcinomas, 14 epidermoid, 1 bronchioloalveolar, 8 undifferentiated NSCLC; most pts had ≥ 2 sites of disease. 43/53 pts completed at least one course of treatment and are assessable for response: 1/43 CR (2.3%), 10/43 PR (23.3%) have been observed, with m duration of 3 mos (range 2–19+); 18/43 pts (41.9%) had stable disease with m duration of 4 mos (range 2–13); m time to progression (TTP) and m overall survival (OS) are 4+ mos and 7+ mos (range 2–23+), respectively. Among the unevaluable pts, six dropped out during the first cycle and the others are too early. Over 100 administered courses, the following toxicity was recorded in all the 53 pts: G4 neutropenia (2); G3 neutropenia (4); G3 anemia (1); G3 neuropathy (3); G3 fatigue (1); G3 alopecia (2). Preliminary results do not suggest any correlation of baseline values of VEGF (m value= 554 and 29.5 pg/mL in serum and CTADplasma, respectively), IL-6 (m value= 3.6 pg/mL) and clinical parameters. Possible modifications of biomarkers after therapy are under evaluation. Conclusions: The combination of CEL and weekly PCT is promising in terms of response rate, TTP and OS in platinum-pretreated NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Proteomic Analysis of Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (WM) Using Nanoscale Protein Micorarray Techniques.
Authors: Yazan Alsayed, Michael Timm, Alexey Leontovich, Daniel Santos, Allen Ho, Ujjal Singha, Lanie Francis, Alissa Huston, Ganwei Lu, Suzanne Lentzsch, G. David Roodman, Leleu Xavier, Steven Treon, Irene M. Ghobrial
Journal: Blood (2005)
How evolved psychological mechanisms empower cultural group selection
Authors: Joseph Henrich, Robert Boyd
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Driven by intergroup competition, social norms, beliefs, and practices can evolve in ways that more effectively tap into a wide variety of evolved psychological mechanisms to foster group-beneficial behavior. The more powerful such evolved mechanisms are, the more effectively culture can potentially harness and manipulate them to generate greater phenotypic variation across groups, thereby fueling cultural group selection.
Corruption in healthcare is rife worldwide, finds report
Authors: Deborah Cohen, Michael Petkov
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Corruption is part of doing business in the healthcare sector all over the world and prevents vulnerable people accessing the care or products they need, a report has found.1

Health experts and anticorruption specialists interviewed for the report said that the whole system was broken, as many people, companies, and groups involved in healthcare were placing their private self interests over wider public health goals.

The report was produced by Transparency International, a charity that fights corruption and has offices in over 100 countries. It defined corruption as “the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.”

The report found corruption throughout the healthcare sector—from among the politicians whose policies may negatively affect public health goals to in how studies are conducted, from marketing and procurement to healthcare delivery.

Sophie Peresson, director of Transparency International’s pharmaceuticals and healthcare programme, said, “From the politician to the patient, corruption has all too sadly become just a part of doing business. But that needs to stop here, and our research is an attempt to begin the fight back. We need a multi-stakeholder approach and a united front against corruption in the health sector. It’s time we all …
Antifungal therapy for patients with proven or suspected Candida peritonitis: Amarcand2, a prospective cohort study in French intensive care units
Authors: P. Montravers, P.F. Perrigault, J.F. Timsit, J.P. Mira, O. Lortholary, O. Leroy, J.P. Gangneux, D. Guillemot, C. Bensoussan, S. Bailly, E. Azoulay, J.M. Constantin, H. Dupont, A. Aait Hssain, M. Adda, B. Allaouchiche, N. Ammenouche, G. Angel, L. Argaud, C. Badetti, O. Baldesi, M.C. Barthet, O. Bastien, F. Baudin, F. Bellec, G. Blasco, P.E. Bollaert, A. Bonadona, C. Bretonniere, E. Brocas, S. Brua, N. Bruder, G. Brunin, P. Cabaret, D. Carpentier, J.C. Cartier, C. Cerf, R. Chabanne, P.E. Charles, C. Cheval, R. Cinotti, Y. Cohen, J. Cousson, E. Delpierre, D. Demory, E. Diconne, D. Du Cheyron, C. Dubost, A.S. Dumenil, M. Durand, E. Duroy, J.M. Forel, A.L. Foucher-Lezla, S. Fratea, J. Gally, P. Gaudard, P. Geffe, S. Gergaud, S. Gette, C. Girault, B. Goubaux, P. Gouin, R. Grenot, G. Grossmith, D. Guelon, A.M. Guerin-Robardey, C. Guervilly, D. Hayl-Slayman, G. Hilbert, H. Houissa, S. Hraiech, P. Ichai, B. Jung, M. Kaidomar, P. Karoubi, A. Kherchache, F. Lambiotte, L. Lamhaut, A. Launoy, F. Lebreton, J.Y. Lefrant, C. Lemaire, A. Lepape, T. Lepoivre, O. Lesieur, B. Levy, C.E. Luyt, P.J. Mahe, P. Mahul, P. Mateu, B. Megarbane, J.C. Merle, A. Montcriol, Y. Mootien, J.C. Navellou, A. Ouattara, B. Page, F. Petitpas, G. Plantefeve, A. Quinart, H. Quintard, B. Ragonnet, A. Roquilly, J. Ruiz, F. Saliba, D. Samba, Z. Schmitt, P. Seguin, C. Sejourne, A.C. Tellier, F. Thevenot, J.M. Tonnelier, N. Van Grunderbeek, J.F. Vincent, S. Wiramus, E. Zogheib
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)
Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Anna S F Lok
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Chronic hepatitis B remains a major public health problem, affecting more than 350 million people worldwide. Cirrhosis, liver failure, or hepatocellular carcinoma will develop in approximately 15 to 40 percent of infected patients.The worldwide prevalence of carriage of hepatitis B virus (HBV) ranges from 0.1 to 20 percent. The wide range is largely related to differences in age at the time of infection — a factor that is inversely related to the risk of chronic infection. Perinatal infection is the predominant mode of transmission in high-prevalence areas, and horizontal transmission during early childhood is the most common form in . . .