tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Iodine Supplements During and After Pregnancy
Authors: Sarah C. Bath, Kate B. Jolly, Margaret P. Rayman
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differential roles of TGF-β signalling in joint tissues during osteoarthritis development
Authors: Ting Yu Wang, Di Chen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disease. The aetiology of OA is multifactorial, including joint injury, obesity, ageing and heredity. Inactivation of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) or its downstream molecules may be an important signalling event contributing to OA pathogenesis because mutations of Smad3 , a central molecule in TGF-β signalling, have been found in patients with early-onset OA.1–3 It has been known for many years that TGF-β promotes matrix protein …
F-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography Imaging-Assisted Management of Patients With Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction and Suspected Coronary Disease
Authors: Rob S.B. Beanlands, Graham Nichol, Ella Huszti, Dennis Humen, Normand Racine, Michael Freeman, Karen Y. Gulenchyn, Linda Garrard, Robert deKemp, Ann Guo, Terrence D. Ruddy, Francois Benard, André Lamy, Robert M. Iwanochko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
β-Blocker Use for Patients With or at Risk for Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Dominique Costagliola, Miguel A. Hernán
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Time-course evaluation of survival and treatment in FIRE-3 (AIO KRK0306, first-line therapy of <i>KRAS</i> wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer with FOLFIRI plus cetuximab or bevacizumab).
Authors: Dominik Paul Modest, Sebastian Stintzing, Ludwig Fischer von Weikersthal, Alberto F. Sobrero, Thomas Decker, Alexander Kiani, Ursula Vehling-Kaiser, Salah-Eddin Al-Batran, Tobias Heintges, Gernot Seipelt, Christian A. Lerchenmuller, Christoph Kahl, Frank Kullmann, Martina Stauch, Werner Scheithauer, Swantje Held, Markus H. Moehler, Andreas Jung, Thomas Kirchner, Volker Heinemann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

617 Background: FIRE-3 reported overall survival (OS) difference in favour of arm A (FOLFIRI plus cetuximab, N= 297 pts.) compared to arm B (FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab, N= 295 pts.) in the absence of significant differences in progression-free survival and response rate. Methods: We subdivided the study into six-month time intervals, starting at the time point of randomisation and evaluated OS in a time-wise fashion. Within each interval, OS was analyzed by Cox regression. Furthermore, systemic treatment and local interventions were investigated in the respective time-frames. Results: The time-course hazard ratios of OS are summarized in the Table. Pronounced differences in overall survival by time-interval analysis are observed between 24 and 30 months and between 30 and 36 months. Within the interval of 24-30 months, 24.6% (73/297) of pts in arm A and 25.1% (74/295) of pts in arm B received systemic therapy (any treatment-line). In the subsequent interval of 30-36 months, systemic anti-tumor treatment decreased to 18.9% (56/297) of pts in arm A and 16.3% (48/295) of pts in arm B. Median time on treatment was less than 2 months in the intervals of 24-30 months and 30-36 months. Updated data including RAS wild-type population will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: The differences in OS observed in FIRE-3 are pronounced in time intervals between 24-30 months as well as 30-36 months after randomisation into the study. A small number of patients received rather short courses of anti-tumor therapy in these observation units. The significant difference in OS that manifests in time-frames between 24 and 30 months as well as between 30 and 36 months suggests that underlying effects on OS in FIRE-3 may include multiple factors and cannot be explained by the number of patients on active treatment alone. Clinical trial information: NCT00433927. [Table: see text]
Sex and Catheter Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: David S. Frankel, Roderick Tung, Pasquale Santangeli, Wendy S. Tzou, Marmar Vaseghi, Luigi Di Biase, Koichi Nagashima, Usha Tedrow, T. Jared Bunch, Venkatakrishna N. Tholakanahalli, Raghuveer Dendi, Madhu Reddy, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy, Timm Dickfeld, J. Peter Weiss, Nilesh Mathuria, Pasquale Vergara, Mehul Patel, Shiro Nakahara, Kairav Vakil, William H. Sauer, David J. Callans, Andrea Natale, William G. Stevenson, Paolo Della Bella, Kalyanam Shivkumar, Francis E. Marchlinski
Journal: JAMA Cardiology (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Significant differences have been described between women and men regarding presentation, mechanism, and treatment outcome of certain arrhythmias. Previous studies of ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation have not included sufficient women for meaningful comparison. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare outcomes between women and men with structural heart disease undergoing VT ablation. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Investigator-initiated, multicenter, observational study performed between 2002 and 2013, conducted by the International VT Ablation Center Collaborative Group, consisting of 12 high-volume ablation centers. Consecutive patients with structural heart disease undergoing VT ablation were studied. Structural heart disease was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction less than 55%, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or right ventricular cardiomyopathy, with scar confirmed during electroanatomic mapping. <h3>Exposures</h3> Catheter ablation. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Ventricular tachycardia–free survival and transplant-free survival were compared between women and men. Cox proportional hazard modeling was performed. <h3>Results</h3> Of 2062 patients undergoing ablation, 266 (12.9%) were women. Mean (SD) age was 62.4 (13.3) years and 1095 (53.1%) had ischemic cardiomyopathy. Compared with men, women were younger, with higher left ventricular ejection fraction and less VT storm. Despite this, women had higher rates of 1-year VT recurrence following ablation (30.5% vs 25.3%;<i>P</i> = .03). This difference was only partially explained by higher prevalence of nonischemic cardiomyopathy among women and was actually most pronounced among those with ischemic cardiomyopathy. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In 12 high-volume ablation centers, women with structural heart disease have worse VT-free survival following ablation than men. Whether this is owing to differences in referral pattern, arrhythmia substrate, or undertreatment requires further study.
Medications for Alcohol Use Disorders
Authors: Thomas P. Beresford
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Capecitabine and the Risk of Fingerprint Loss
Authors: Leni van Doorn, Sebastiaan Veelenturf, Lisette Binkhorst, Sander Bins, Ron Mathijssen
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Capecitabine and the Risk of Fingerprint LossAnticancer treatments are frequently accompanied by cutaneous adverse effects: capecitabine treatment induces handfoot syndrome (HFS) in approximately 50% to 60% of patients, whereas hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR) has been reported in 19% to 34% of patients treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) sunitinib malate or sorafenib tosylate. 1ltimately, these cutaneous adverse events are believed to result in the loss of fingerprints, which, to our knowledge, has been described anecdotally for patients treated with capecitabine 2-6 and can cause serious identification problems.We assessed the association of HFS and HFSR with fingerprint quality.Methods | This prospective cohort study was performed at the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, and included 337 ten-fingerprint sets from 150 patients.The principal inclusion criterion was a planned daily treatment with capecitabine (as monotherapy or combination therapy) or a TKI.Previous treatment with these drugs was not allowed.Fingerprints were taken from all patients' fingers using a digital fingerprint scanner (MorphoLivescan; Morpho) before treatment, within 6 to 10 weeks after the start of treatment, and after treatment discontinuation.At the same time, digital photographic images (Nikon Corporation) were made of the palms and fingers of patients to detect abnormalities that could affect the fingerprints.Three dactyloscopists and a detective from the Netherlands National Police Agency visually assessed fingerprints and images, respectively.The baseline fingerprints were compared with the fingerprints during treatment and were scored on the overall quality of friction ridge details and the suitability for individualization purposes.A 5-point scale was used on which slight improvement was scored as 1, no changes as 2, slightly decreased quality as 3, major loss of quality as 4, and total loss of fingerprint quality as 5.The scores were averaged, and, subsequently, these results were dichotomized to severe quality loss (score 4-5) or no severe changes in fingerprints (score 1-3).The severity levels of HFS and HFSR were graded according to the National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03.Groups were compared using a χ 2 test.The institutional review board of the Erasmus MC Cancer Institute approved the study protocol, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
Communicating With Deaf Patients
Authors: Ann B. Nattinger
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We read with interest the study by Drs Ebert and Heckerling,<sup>1</sup>especially the findings that written English was reported by physicians to be the most common communication method used with deaf patients and that lipreading was used by a substantial minority of physicians. We have surveyed deaf persons in a community setting and also found written English to be the usual method used for physician communication, despite the fact that less than 20% of the deaf persons rated themselves as fluent with written English.<sup>2</sup>It is worth reinforcing that English (whether written or spoken) is essentially a foreign language to many prelingually deaf patients and neither written English nor lipreading is a substitute for American Sign Language (ASL). Another question raised by the study by Ebert and Heckerling is to what extent outcomes would be improved if ASL interpreters were consistently available. Our study of
Long-term OS for patients with advanced NSCLC enrolled in the KEYNOTE-001 study of pembrolizumab (pembro).
Authors: Rina Hui, Leena Gandhi, Enric Carcereny Costa, Enriqueta Felip, Myung-Ju Ahn, Joseph Paul Eder, Ani Sarkis Balmanoukian, Natasha B. Leighl, Charu Aggarwal, Leora Horn, Amita Patnaik, Gary William Middleton, Matthew A. Gubens, Matthew David Hellmann, Jean-Charles Soria, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Gregory M. Lubiniecki, Jin Zhang, Bilal Piperdi, Edward B. Garon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

9026 Background: The anti–PD-1 antibody pembro (MK-3475) is approved in the US for treating PD-L1–positive NSCLC that progressed after platinum-containing chemotherapy. This approval was based on data from the large, phase 1b KEYNOTE-001 study (NCT01295827). We present updated, long-term OS data for treatment-naive and previously treated patients (pts) enrolled in KEYNOTE-001. Methods: 550 pts received pembro 2 or 10 mg/kg Q3W or 10 mg/kg Q2W until intolerable toxicity, progression, or investigator decision. PD-L1 was assessed by IHC using the 22C3 antibody, with positivity defined as PD-L1 expression on ≥1% of tumor cells (tumor proportion score [TPS] ≥1%). Response was assessed by RECIST v1.1 every 9 wk. Survival was assessed every 2 mo after discontinuation. Results: As of Sep 18, 2015, median follow-up duration was 23.1 mo. Median OS (95% CI) was 22.1 mo (17.1-27.2) for treatment-naive pts and 10.6 mo (8.6-13.3) for previously treated pts. 18-mo OS rates were 58.2% and 37.0% respectively; 24-mo rates were 44.5% and 31.3%. OS increased with increasing PD-L1 TPS (Table). OS by smoking history, histology, and EGFR status is shown (Table). Conclusions: Pembrolizumab provides long-term OS benefit for PD-L1–positive treatment-naive and previously treated NSCLC. Along with data from KEYNOTE-010, these data support both PD-L1 as a predictive biomarker for pembro and the benefit of pembro in pts with PD-L1–positive (TPS ≥1%) NSCLC. The 22.1-mo median OS in treatment-naive pts with PD-L1–positive tumors is very promising and compares favorably with that of standard-of-care chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT01295827.Median OS (95% CI), mo Treatment Naive N = 101 Previously Treated N = 449 PD-L1 TPS ≥1% n = 79 22.1 (16.7-27.2) n = 306 11.3 (8.3-14.0) ≥50% n = 27 NR (22.1-NR) n = 138 15.4 (10.6-18.5) 1%-49% n = 52 19.5 (10.7-22.2) n = 168 8.2 (6.0-12.7) PD-L1 TPS <1% n = 12 14.7 (3.4-NR) n = 90 8.6 (5.5-12.0) Squamous n = 19 15.6 (6.0-21.0) n = 76 14.7 (10.4-18.4) Nonsquamous n = 79 26.3 (22.0-NR) n = 367 9.4 (7.3-12.6) Current/former smoker n = 90 22.0 (16.7-27.2) n = 324 12.2 (9.2-14.3) Never smoker n = 11 NR (16.2-NR) n = 125 7.6 (5.9-12.1) EGFR wild type * n = 335 12.1 (9.1-14.3) EGFR mutant * n = 74 6.0 (4.6-9.9) *Pts with EGFR-mutant, treatment-naive NSCLC were ineligible.
Sports concussion research, chronic traumatic encephalopathy and the media: repairing the disconnect
Authors: Andrew W Kuhn, Aaron M Yengo-Kahn, Zachary Y Kerr, Scott L Zuckerman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Todd Ewen was a National Hockey League (NHL) ‘tough guy’ who accumulated over 1900 penalty minutes in 518 games across 12 NHL seasons. He recently committed suicide after bouts of depression at the age of 49. Before an autopsy had been performed, the media pre-emptively wrote about how his depression and suicide were most likely the result of a career in the NHL, repetitive head trauma and the inevitable onset of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).1 Ewen himself was convinced he had developed CTE, as his wife recalled him being terrified by the thought of a future living with a neurodegenerative disease.2 Ewen's brain was examined by neuropathologists at the University of Toronto—they found no evidence of CTE. So we ask, how did a professional athlete who had treatable depression, come to believe that he had an untreatable condition and committed suicide?3

The public's perception of sport-related concussion (SRC) and CTE is likely not based on the totality of empirical data, but rather …
A Pathologic Abdominal Ultrasonography At Diagnosis Of CLL Significantly Reduces The Time To Progression In Patients With Rai 0 Or Rai 1 Disease
Authors: Fausto Rossini, Caterina Cecchetti, Francesca Farina, Marianna Sassone, Chiara Scollo, Sara Pezzatti, Silvia Bolis, Angelo Belotti, Sofia Bozzani, Alessandra Perego, Enrico Maria Pogliani
Journal: Blood (2013)
Sorafenib (SOR) in patients (pts) with advanced/recurrent uterine carcinoma (UCA) or carcinosarcoma (CS): A phase II trial of the University of Chicago, PMH, and California Phase II Consortia
Authors: H. S. Nimeiri, A. M. Oza, R. J. Morgan, D. Huo, L. Elit, J. Knost, J. L. Wade III, E. Agamah, E. E. Vokes, G. F. Fleming
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

5585 Background: There is no effective treatment for UCA/CS pts who have progressed on platinum-taxane therapy. Increased levels of VEGF are frequently seen in UCA and CS, and antiangiogenic therapy has shown activity in a mouse model of UCA. Sorafenib is a multitargeted kinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic activity that is approved for use in renal and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: We initiated a multi-center phase II trial of SOR in pts with advanced/recurrent UCA (arm A) or CS (arm B) and 0–1 prior chemotherapy regimens. PS 0–2 and measurable disease were required. The starting SOR dose was 400 mg orally twice daily. The primary endpoint was objective response, which was evaluated every 8 weeks. The trial design required 1 response in the first 12 evaluable pts to proceed to second stage. Results: 55 pts (39 UCA, 16 CS) enrolled between 3/05 and 10/07. Pt characteristics arm A: median age 65 (range 44- 83); PS 0/1/2: 16/19/3. Pt characteristics arm B: median age 64 (range 40- 87); PS 0/1/2: 7/8/1. Median number of four week SOR cycles administered in arm A = 3, (range 1–30; 11 pts remain on therapy) and in arm B= 2, (range 1–14; 2 pts remain on therapy). Selected grade 3/4 toxicities were: hypertension 13%, hand-foot syndrome 13%, hypophosphatemia 8%, anemia 6%, rash/desquamation 4%, diarrhea 4%, thrombosis 4%, fatigue 2%, bleeding 2%. Forty percent of pts required dose reduction. In arm A 2 pts (5%) had a partial response (PR), and 19 pts (50%) had stable disease (SD) after 2 months (mo) of therapy (11% at 4 mo). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 3.4 mo (95% CI: 2.8–4.5), and median overall survival was 10.1 mo (95% CI: 6.9- not yet reached). In arm B 0 pts had PR and 4 pts (27%) had SD, median PFS was 2.3 mo (95% CI: 1.8- not yet reached),and median overall survival was 5.6 mo (95% CI: 2.2–17.6). Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that SOR results in clinical benefit for a minority of UCA patients. Supported by N01-CM-17102 Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bayer
Continuous melt granulation to develop high drug loaded sustained release tablet of Metformin HCl
Authors: Pradnya Vaingankar, Purnima Amin
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2016)

The present work explores the application of melt granulation technology to develop a high drug loaded sustained release matrix tablet of Metformin HCl using hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) as a hydrophilic binder and stearic acid as an extrusion aid for producing cohesive granules. This novel approach allowed the use of a minimum number of excipients to reduce the tablet size, and to enhance compressibility of the drug. This also offered a cost effective method owing to the elimination of a 'drying step' prevalent in wet granulation method. Moreover, this research also focuses on resolving the processability issues associated with the use of HPC Nisso-H at high drug loading. The thermal lubricants were screened for this purpose and evaluated for their impact on extrudability, granule and tablet characteristics. Stearic acid was selected as the thermal lubricant, which not only contributed to the inhibition of burst release, but also improved the flow property of the granules. The developed matrix tablet (75% drug loading) resulted in 670 mg of weight for 500 mg dose strength and showed sustained drug release over 10 h. When compared, with conventional granulation techniques, it was observed that, under identical compression force, the tablet prepared by MG exhibited superior compactibility along with tablet hardness and optimal drug release profile. FTIR suggested nonexistence of chemical interaction between the drug and the other excipients while XRD and DSC analysis revealed the crystalline state of the drug. Furthermore, the results obtained from Raman spectroscopy proved the uniform distribution of the Metformin HCl and polymer in the final dosage form. This technology leads to the manufacture of sustained release matrix formulation with reduced tablet size of a high dose, highly water soluble drug otherwise difficult to process using standard batch-granulation.