tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Consultant outcomes publication and surgical training: Consensus recommendations by the association of surgeons in training
Authors: Helen M. Mohan, Vimal J. Gokani, Adam P. Williams, Rhiannon L. Harries
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2016)

Consultant Outcomes Publication (COP) has the longest history in cardiothoracic surgery, where it was introduced in 2005. Subsequently COP has been broadened to include all surgical specialties in NHS England in 2013–14. The Association of Surgeons in Training (ASiT) fully supports efforts to improve patient care and trust in the profession and is keen to overcome potential unintended adverse effects of COP. Identification of these adverse effects is the first step in this process: Firstly, there is a risk that COP may lead to reluctance by consultants to provide trainees with the necessary appropriate primary operator experience to become skilled consultant surgeons for the future. Secondly, COP may lead to inappropriately cautious case selection. This adjusted case mix affects both patients who are denied operations, and also limits the complexity of the case mix to which surgical trainees are exposed. Thirdly, COP undermines efforts to train surgical trainees in non-technical skills and human factors, simply obliterating the critical role of the multidisciplinary team and organisational processes in determining outcomes. This tunnel vision masks opportunities to improve patient care and outcomes at a unit level. It also misinforms the public as to the root causes of adverse events by failing to identify care process deficiencies. Finally, for safe surgical care, graduate retention and morale is important – COP may lead to high calibre trainees opting out of surgical careers, or opting to work abroad. The negative effects of COP on surgical training and trainees must be addressed as high quality surgical training and retention of high calibre graduates is essential for excellent patient care.
L’hépatite C en Autriche de 1993 à 2000 : l’épidémiologie du VHC faussée par les biais de notification
Authors: R Strauss, G Fülöp, C Pfeifer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

De 1993 a 2000 en Autriche, le systeme de declaration compte 2232 cas d’hepatite C, alors que le registre de sorties des hopitaux (HDR) chiffre 10 607 cas hospitalises. Ces differences peuvent s’expliquer par une sous-declaration, liee aux habitudes de notification laxistes et aux stigmates associes a cette maladie. Par ailleurs, on observe des variations geographiques. Les donnees de declaration montrent les plus fortes incidences au Tyrol, alors que les registres hospitaliers donnent des taux d’hospitalisation pour l’hepatite C les plus eleves a Vienne et en Basse-Autriche. Notre etude souligne le besoin urgent d’avoir une definition de cas claire et un systeme de notification electronique.
AZALEA Trial Highlights Antibiotic Overuse in Acute Asthma Attacks
Authors: Guy G. Brusselle, Eva Van Braeckel
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The role of limb hypothermia in preventing paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy.
Authors: Raghav Sundar, Aishwarya Bandla, Stacey Tan, Nesaretnam Barr Kumarakulasinghe, Anand Devaprasath Jeyasekharan, Samuel Guan Wei Ow, Jingshan Ho, David Shao Peng Tan, Joline Si Jing Lim, Joy Vijayan, Zarinah Hairom, Sally Ang, Lun-De Liao, Soo-Chin Lee, Nitish Thakor, Einar Wilder-Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

e21696 Background: Severe peripheral neuropathy (PN) can occur in up to 20% of patients treated with paclitaxel, with no effective prevention or treatment. We hypothesize that continuous-flow limb hypothermia can reduce the severity of paclitaxel-induced PN. Methods: A phase I proof-of-concept, randomized, internal control trial was conducted in early breast cancer patients receiving adjuvant weekly paclitaxel. Each subject underwent hypothermia of one leg (randomized) with each paclitaxel infusion (3 hours) for a maximum of 12 cycles. Skin temperature, tolerability and PN was assessed using standardized total neuropathy scores (TNS) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) at baseline, and at 1, 3 and 6 months from start of paclitaxel. Primary end point was difference in nerve conduction parameters between cooled and control limb. Results: 20 patients underwent a mean of 11 cycles of paclitaxel (range 2-12). Mean skin temperature reduction of 1.48 ± 0.68°C (range 0.35 – 2.15°C) was achieved in the cooled leg and was well tolerated. Only 2 out of 218 cycles required increase by 1°C intra-cycle, with no early termination of cooling in any subject. Nerve conduction analysis at 6-months showed improved NCS parameters of compound motor action potential (cMAP) amplitude of the common peroneal nerve at the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) in the cooled limb(-7.38% [cooled] vs -31.05% [control], p = 0.03). Sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) in the medial plantar nerve was also more preserved in the cooled limb at 6 months (-69.37% [cooled] vs -73.52% [control], p = 0.02). Cooling did not affect paclitaxel-induced changes in sural and saphenous nerve velocity or amplitude. In an unplanned subgroup analysis, patients with sub-optimally controlled diabetes (Hba1c > 7%) (n = 4) had expectedly more severe changes in nerve conduction amplitudes, but had even larger preservation of cMAPs in common peroneal nerve in the cooled limb (-6.92% [cooled] vs -59.41% [control], p= 0.03). Conclusions: Limb hypothermia reduces deterioration in sensory and motor nerve function caused by paclitaxel, especially in patients with sub-optimally controlled diabetes. Larger studies investigating limb hypothermia for preventing paclitaxel-induced PN are ongoing.
Infarct size reduction and recovery of systolic function following coronary thrombolysis (tissue-type plasminogen activator) combined with bWta adrenergic blockade (metoprolol)
Authors: Frans Van de Werf, Johan Vanhaecke, IK Jang, Willem Flameng, Desire Collen, H De Geest
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Human cooperation shows the distinctive signatures of adaptations to small-scale social life
Authors: John Tooby, Leda Cosmides
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract The properties of individual carbon atoms allow them to chain into complex molecules of immense length. They are not limited to structures involving only a few atoms. The design features of our evolved neural adaptations appear similarly extensible. Individuals with forager brains can link themselves together into unprecedentedly large cooperative structures without the need for large group-beneficial modifications to evolved human design. Roles need only be intelligible to our social program logic, and judged better than alternatives.
M5 Comparison of respiratory health-related quality of life in patients with intractable breathlessness due to advanced cancer or advanced COPD: Abstract M5 Table 1
Authors: S Javadzadeh, S Chowienczyk, S Booth, M Farquhar
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Breathlessness is common in patients with advanced cancer and almost universal in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but studies suggest their experiences of breathlessness vary. Our objective was to seek quantitative evidence of differences in respiratory health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between these groups using the Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) and to contribute to the debate on the validity of CRQ in patients with cancer. <h3>Methods</h3> The CRQ-Original was completed within baseline interviews for a randomised control trial of a palliative intervention for breathlessness. Independent-Samples Mann-Whitney U Tests were performed to identify significant differences in median scores for the four CRQ domains (mastery, dyspnoea, emotional function, fatigue) in patients with advanced COPD (n = 73) or advanced cancer (n = 67.) The Minimally Clinically Important Difference (MCID) of 0.5 was applied to determine clinical significance. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with advanced COPD scored lower across all four CRQ domains. This was statistically significant for the dyspnoea, mastery, and emotional functioning scores (p &lt; 0.05), and clinically significant for latter two, suggesting poorer respiratory HRQoL (Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with breathlessness due to advanced COPD had worse respiratory HRQoL than those due to advanced cancer. There are three potential explanations for this finding: (1) there may be a greater burden of breathlessness in COPD due to condition-longevity, (2) the burden of breathlessness may be less in cancer due to the episodic nature of the symptom in malignant conditions, and (3) it may reflect variance in palliative referral thresholds by disease group. Our results further suggest that greater access to palliative care is needed in advanced COPD and that formal psychometric testing of the CRQ may be warranted in cancer.
Validation of Mesiah Score System in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: J.D. Yang, K. Mara, W.S. Harmsen, T.M. Therneau, M. Peck, R. Stauber, F. Degos, J.-F. Blanc, V. Leroy, J.C. Trinchet, C. Duvoux, E. Assenat, H. Klinker, E. Schott, M. Colombo, F. Izzo, R.T. Marinho, S. Pascual, S. Coll, A.M. Peña, P. Stål, U. Haglund, P. Johnson, J. Evans, T. Meyer, A. Suddle, S. Fenwick, H. Castel, M. Schwartz, G.J. Gores, L.R. Roberts
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Double Cord Blood Transplantation in Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes.
Authors: Regis Peffault de Latour, Vanderson Rocha, Marie Robin, Celso A. Rodrigues, Delphine Rea, Jerome Laghero, Richard Traineau, Patricia Ribaud, Christelle Ferry, Agnes Devergie, Eliane Gluckman, Gerard Socie
Journal: Blood (2007)
Timing of Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Hong Wang, Chenglong Li, Xiaotong Hou
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of Keratin 19–Positive Cancer Stem Cells Associating Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Takayuki Kawai, Kentaro Yasuchika, Satoru Seo, Tatsuya Higashi, Takamichi Ishii, Yuya Miyauchi, Hidenobu Kojima, Ryoya Yamaoka, Hokahiro Katayama, Elena Yukie Yoshitoshi, Satoshi Ogiso, Sadahiko Kita, Katsutaro Yasuda, Ken Fukumitsu, Yuji Nakamoto, Etsuro Hatano, Shinji Uemoto
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Purpose: The current lack of tools for easy assessment of cancer stem cells (CSC) prevents the development of therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We previously reported that keratin 19 (K19) is a novel HCC-CSC marker and that PET with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is an effective method for predicting postoperative outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, we examined whether K19+ HCC-CSCs can be tracked using 18F-FDG-PET.Experimental Design: K19 and glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1) expression was evaluated by IHC in 98 hepatocellular carcinoma patients who underwent 18F-FDG-PET scans before primary tumor resection. Standardized uptake values (SUV) for primary tumors and tumor-to-nontumor SUV ratios (TNR) were calculated using FDG accumulation levels, and values were compared among K19+/K19- patients. Using hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines encoding with a K19 promoter-driven enhanced GFP, 18F-FDG uptake and GLUT1 expression were examined in FACS-isolated K19+/K19- cells.Results: In hepatocellular carcinoma patients, K19 expression was significantly correlated with GLUT1 expression and FDG accumulation. ROC analyses revealed that among preoperative clinical factors, TNR was the most sensitive indicator of K19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma tumors. In hepatocellular carcinoma cells, FACS-isolated K19+ cells displayed significantly higher 18F-FDG uptake than K19- cells. Moreover, gain/loss-of-function experiments confirmed that K19 regulates 18F-FDG uptake through TGFβ/Smad signaling, including Sp1 and its downstream target GLUT1.Conclusions:18F-FDG-PET can be used to predict K19 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and should thereby aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting K19+ HCC-CSCs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1450-60. ©2016 AACR.
Differences in the Transcriptomes of Highly Purified Fetal Liver and Adult Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells Revealed by Long Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (LongSAGE)
Authors: David Kent, Yun Zhao, Michelle Bowie, Brad Dykstra, Jay Cheyne, Yongjun Zhao, Allen Delaney, Martin Hirst, Marco Marra, Connie J. Eaves
Journal: Blood (2007)
Role of Type 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells and the Alarmin IL-33 in a Mouse Model of Immune-Mediated Hepatitis
Authors: K. Neumann, K. Karimi, J. Meiners, R. Voetlause, W. Dammermann, S. Lüth, C. Wegscheid, A. Horst, G. Tiegs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Pharmacokinetic Interactions between Simeprevir and Ledipasvir in Treatment-Naïve Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1-Infected Patients without Cirrhosis Treated with a Simeprevir/Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir Regimen
Authors: S. Bourgeois, Y. Horsmans, F. Nevens, H. van Vlierberghe, C. Moreno, M. Beumont, J. van de Logt, L. Vijgen, V. van Eygen, D. Luo, V. Hillewaert, P. Van Remoortere, S. Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Impact of Occult HBV Infection in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Presentation in HCV-Related Cirrhosis
Authors: N. Coppola, V. Iodice, M. Starace, C. Minichini, N. Farella, L. Onorato, G. Liorre, E. Sagnelli, G. De Stefano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Circulating PCSK9 Levels are Associated with the Hepatic Fat in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: P. Dongiovanni, M. Ruscica, N. Ferri, C. Macchi, C. Lanti, R. Rametta, M. Maggioni, A.L. Fracanzani, S. Badiali, S. Fargion, P. Magni, L. Valenti
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
The usefulness of <sup>18</sup>f-fluorothymidine (FLT) and <sup>18</sup>f-FDG PET for early prediction of response to erlotinib therapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: C. Choi, K. Shin, D. Lee, S. Oh, J. Kim, D. Moon, C. Suh, J. Ryu, S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

7545 Background: This study was prospectively performed to compare 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET for early prediction of response to erlotinib therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The patients with histologically proven NSCLC with stage IV or stage IIIB with malignant pleural effusion were eligible. Both 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET were performed before and 6 or 7 days after start of erlotinib (150 mg/d) therapy. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of primary tumor and the % change of SUVmax after therapy were obtained. After 6 weeks of therapy, the responses were assessed by clinical follow-up and chest CT using RECIST criteria. Results: Among 23 patients who were enrolled, we analyzed 20 patients for whom we had complete data. After 6 weeks of therapy, there were partial response in 6, stable disease in one and progressive disease in 13. The pretherapy SUVmax of primary tumor were not significantly different between responders and non-responders in 18F-FLT (6.2 ± 1.4 vs 6.5 ± 2.1, p = 0.765) and 18F-FDG PET (14.1 ± 6.2 vs 12.7 ± 4.6, p = 0.565). On day 6 ∼ 7 after therapy, the %changes of SUVmax were significantly different between responders and non-responders in 18F-FLT (-38.7 ± 3.4% vs 3.9 ± 20.4%, p < 0.001) and 18F-FDG PET (-38.0 ± 16.5% vs 0.1 ± 14.1%, p = 0.001). In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, areas under the curve of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET were not significantly different (1.000 vs 0.976, p = 0.398). The sensitity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of % change of SUVmax were all 100.0% in 18F-FLT PET (cut-off value, < -34.6%), and 92.9%, 100%, 100%, 85.7% in 18F-FDG PET (cut-off value, < -20.3%), respectively. The time to progression was significantly longer in medical responders than non-responders. (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The %chnage of SUVmax of primary tumor obtained by 18F-FLT or 18F-FDG PET after 6 ∼7 days therapy of erlotonib was a promising predictive variable of the response. The predictive performance of 18F-FLT and 18F-FDG PET are comparable at early after erlotinib therapy in patients with NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Lactulose Treatment Modulates Gut Microbiome in Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy Patients: Results from a Multi-Center Controlled Trial
Authors: J.-Y. Wang, J.-B. Wang, J. Shang, X.-M. Zhou, X.-L. Guo, X. Zhu, L.-N. Meng, H.-X. Jiang, Y.-Q. Mi, J.-M. Xu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) expression as a predictor for response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced uterine cervix cancer.
Authors: S. Jeon, S. Hong, E. Jeon, M. Jang, H. Won, S. Park, M. Lee, J. Byun, J. Kang, Y. Hong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5120 Background: Platinum based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for locally advanced uterine cervix cancer has some benefits to the patients who responded to the chemotherapy, but there is no validated clinical or biologic predictor of response to the chemotherapy. Methods: We used immunohistochemical analysis to determine the expression of the excision repair cross-complementation group1 (ERCC1) protein in pretreatment uterine cervical biopsy tissue. 42 patients only stage IIB had been enrolled in the previous etoposide and cisplatin NAC phase II clinical trial, thereby allowing comparison of the effect of cisplatin based NAC on response according to ERCC1 expression. Results: Among 42 patients, ERCC1 was positive in 33 (78.6%) and negative in 9 (21.4%). Response to chemotherapy (by RECIST criteria) was observed in all patients with negative ERCC1 expression. With logistic regression analysis, ERCC1 negatively continued to be an independent predictor for responsiveness of NAC (p = 0.007). Also, regression of parametrial invasion after NAC and optimal pathologic response (less than 3 mm stromal invasion) was related with negative ERCC1 expression, even though statistically insignificant (p = 0.053 and p = 0.080 respectively). However, in disease free survival, only responsiveness for neoadjuvant chemotherapy is only significant independent predictive factor (p = 0.048). Conclusions: Pretreatment assessment of ERCC1 expression may provide additional information for identification of patients with locally advanced uterine cervix cancer who had a likelyhood of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy . No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Could Rifaximin Modify the Pathogenesis of Nafld? Multicentric Study
Authors: A. Abdel-Razik, N. Mousa, S. Elbaz, W. Shabana, N. El-Wakeel, N. Effat, M. Refaey, R. Elzehery, W. Elkashef, M. Hafez, M. Awad, K. Zalata, W. Eldars
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
P0058 : Sofosbuvir-based antiviral therapy is highly effective in recurrent hepatitis c in liver transplant recipients: A “real-life” canadian multicenter experience
Authors: N. Faisal, M. Bilodeau, B. Aljudaibi, K. Peltekian, E.M. Yoshida, T. Hussaini, P. Ghali, S.E. Congly, M. Ma, C. Cooper, N. Selzner, E.L. Renner, L.B. Lilly
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Urinary Biomarker NGAL in Patients with Hepatorenal Syndrome: Accuracy Study in Prediction of no Response to Therapy with Albumin and Terlipressin
Authors: R.O. Ximenes, C. Helou, M. Diniz, D. Barbeiro, H. Souza, L.A. D’Albuquerque, F. Carrilho, A. Farias
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
A Harmonization Study for the Use of 22C3 PD-L1 Immunohistochemical Staining on Ventana’s Platform
Authors: Tzahi Neuman, Michal London, Juliane Kania-Almog, Anna Litvin, Yaniv Zohar, Ludmila Fridel, Judith Sandbank, Iris Barshak, Gilad W. Vainer
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Human Germline CRISPR-Cas Modification: Toward a Regulatory Framework”
Authors: Niklaus H. Evitt, Shamik Mascharak, Russ B. Altman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2016)

"Response to Open Peer Commentaries on “Human Germline CRISPR-Cas Modification: Toward a Regulatory Framework”." The American Journal of Bioethics, 16(10), pp. W1–W2
P0986 : Effects of short term very low energy diets prior to bariatric surgery on liver histology and circulating biomarkers: Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT)
Authors: E. Baldry, G.P. Aithal, P. Kaye, I. Idris, P. Leeder, A. Bennett, I. Macdonald
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)