tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Successful endoscopic removal of a large colonic lipoma causing intussusception
Authors: Ryo Kosaka, Tomohiro Noda, Junya Tsuboi, Kyosuke Tanaka
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 73-year-old woman presented with symptoms of intermittent abdominal pain without hematochezia. Mild tenderness was noted on palpation over the right iliac fossa; however, all laboratory data, including the C-reactive protein level, were normal. Computed tomography revealed a fatty tissue mass in the transverse colon causing a colonic intussusception ([Fig. 1]). Colonoscopy revealed a large mass in the ascending colon ([Fig. 2]). Endoscopic ultrasonography revealed a hyperechoic mass in the submucosal layer ([Fig. 3]). On the contrast radiograph, the semipedunculated mass was seen to arise from the ileocecal valve; the intussusception was disinvaginated by inserting the colonoscope ([Fig. 4]). The diagnosis was ascending–transverse colonic intussusception caused by a large lipoma originating at the ileocecal valve.
Abstract 5608: Iron depletion by deferasirox have a synergistic effect on sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Authors: Shinichi Urano, Toshiaki Ohara, Shinichiro Watanabe, Kazuhiro Noma, Yasuko Tomono, Hiroshi Tazawa, Masafumi Kataoka, Nouso Kazuhiro, Yasuhiro Shirakawa, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose. Sorafenib is a multiple kinase inhibitor approved for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). However, we couldn't get sufficient effect in clinical use compared to other cancers. Iron metabolism and relationship with cancer cells have been studied for a long time. Iron overload is known to associate with an increased risk of HCC, and the recent study suggests that iron depletion can induce anti-cancer effect against HCC. We hypothesized that iron depletion enhance the effect of sorafenib and investigated it. Experimental Design. HepG2 (Human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line) was used in this study. We used sorafenib and an oral iron chilator, deferasirox (EXJADE TM). The effects of each agent and combination of both were examined by using cell viability assay. We examined anti-proliferative mechanism in vitro using Flow Cytometry and Western blot analysis. Results. We examined the cell viability of HepG2. Each treatment by sorafenib and deferasirox suppressed the cancer cell proliferation on dose dependent manner. The IC50 values of 48hours of sorafenib was 1.45μM/L,and that of deferasirox was 1.37μM/L. We examined the possibility of combination therapy. The each cell viability of sorafenib 1μM and deferasirox 10μM was 59.4% and 28.1%, the combination one was 21.8%. The combination index was 0.616 in that status, which suggested synergistic effect. To evaluate anti-proliferation mechanism, we performed Flow Cytometry and Western blot analysis. In Flow Cytometry, S and G2/M phase was significantly decreased, which suggested to arrest cell cycle. In Western blot analysis, cyclin D1 was down-regulated. Conclusion. Iron depletion by deferasirox have anticancer effect by alone and a synergistic effect in combination with Sorafenib. This result suggested that iron depletion therapy can be a novel combination chemotherapy for HCC. Citation Format: Shinichi Urano, Toshiaki Ohara, Shinichiro Watanabe, Kazuhiro Noma, Yasuko Tomono, Hiroshi Tazawa, Masafumi Kataoka, Nouso Kazuhiro, Yasuhiro Shirakawa, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara. Iron depletion by deferasirox have a synergistic effect on sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5608. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5608
Isabel Tulloch's ‘Richard III: a study in medical misrepresentation’
Authors: Marianne M Gilchrist
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2009)

Quality of care in ISTCswas puzzled by Pollock and Kirkwood's 1 claim to have conducted 'the first independent evaluation' of Independent Sector Treatment Centres (ISTCs) when they were clearly aware of our earlier study as they cite it. 2Far from showing, as they state, 'how case-mix in ISTCs differs from the NHS making comparisons of costs and quality difficult', we demonstrated that when we allowed for case-mix differences, there was little difference in patient reported outcomes between those treated in NHS providers and those treated in ISTCs.If anything, outcomes were slightly better in ISTCs though we speculated that this may reflect the Healthcare Commission's finding that patients in ISTCs reported a better experience of the humanity of care than those in NHS providers.The Royal College of Surgeons of England Clinical Effectiveness Unit is currently completing a much larger comparison, the Patient Outcomes in Surgery Audit, in which almost 30,000 patients are participating.This will, hopefully, provide the definitive evidence that Pollock and Kirkwood seek.
The Role of Bone Scanning in the Detection of Metastatic Calcification
Authors: M A Nizami, T Gerntholtz, C R Swanepoel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Metastatic calcification associated with renal failure is well described. Bone scanning agents accumulate to various degrees within extraskeletal sites of metastatic calcification. The authors describe a patient with polycystic kidney disease resulting in renal failure, with the subsequent development of secondary hyperparathyroidism and metastatic calcification. Bone scintigraphy revealed abnormal uptake in both lungs, the right leg, and the right hand.
Exposure to an Aeroallergen as a Possible Precipitating Factor in Respiratory Arrest in Young Patients with Asthma
Authors: Mark T. O'Hollaren, John W. Yunginger, Kenneth P. Offord, Michael J. Somers, Edward J. O'Connell, David J. Ballard, Martin I. Sachs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Exposure to airborne spores of the common mold Alternaria alternata has been implicated in asthma attacks. Such exposure is particularly frequent in the Midwest during the summer and fall months. To determine the role of A. alternata in triggering severe asthma attacks, we investigated the cases of 11 patients with asthma who had sudden respiratory arrest and determined the frequency of sensitivity to this allergen in these patients.
Abstract 1062: Numb, an intrinsic Notch inhibitor, possesses a tumor suppressor role through regulation of Plk1 localization during mitosis
Authors: Travis L. Schmit, Vijayasaradhi Setaluri, Vladimir S. Spiegelman, Nihal Ahmad
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Numb, an intrinsic Notch inhibitor and cell fate determinant, has been shown to possess many functions in proper cell division. These include its role in endocytosis, a tumor suppressor role via regulation of p53 stability, and asymmetric self renewal during progenitor cell division. Studies have shown that a proper localization of fully functional Plk1 is required for mitotic entry, progression and exit. Plk1 has been shown to play a critical role in bi-polar spindle formation and maturation during mitosis. It has been shown that chemical inhibition as well as genetic knockdown of Plk1 results in cells forming a mono-polar spindle phenotype surrounded by DNA rather than a bi-polar arrangement on either side of the metaphase plate. This severe mitotic phenotype results in a G2/M cell cycle arrest and mitotic catastrophe. Also, milder inhibition of Plk1 has been shown to result in errors in bi-polar spindle formation including multi-polar phenotypes or incomplete microtubule attachment and division. Some of these less pronounced phenotypes may not prevent cell division and may contribute to cellular aneuploidy and cancer. In this study, employing melanoma cell lines A375 and HS294T, we demonstrated that Numb and Plk1 interact as shown by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescent assays. In addition, we found that both Plk1 and Numb co-localize to the spindle poles in metaphase. Further, using lentiviral shRNA knockdown of Plk1 or Numb, we also found that loss of Plk1 or Numb dysregulates the localization of the other. Most striking was the pronounced mislocalization of Plk1 from the spindle poles. Although, the majority of metaphase cells were still bi-polar, there was a marked increase in mislocalized γ-tubulin in some instances. Additionally, in the cells with two defined spindle poles, γ-tubulin still appears to be less pronounced at strictly the spindle pole with an apparent indistinct staining surrounding the poles indicating that Numb may not be directly required for γ-tubulin localization to the spindles but the misregulated Plk1 localization slows or prevents spindle pole maturation and γ-tubulin recruitment. Conversely, the differing phenotypes of γ-tubulin localization may also be explained by a redundant role of Numb-like, though this is yet to be explored. Overall, these data suggested that Numb may possess tumor suppressor functions by regulating proper Plk1 localization and proper spindle pole maturation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1062.
Ataxia-Telangiectasia — Clonal Growth of Translocation Lymphocytes
Authors: Frederick Hecht, Barbara K. McCaw, Robert D. Koler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract A clone of lymphocytes marked by a chromosome translocation was followed in a patient with ataxia-telangiectasia over a period of 52 months until death at the age of 23. The translocation involved both chromosomes 14. Initially, the patient had a small proportion (1 to 2 per cent) of lymphocytes with the translocation, markedly reduced response to phytohemagglutinin and increased chromosome breakage. Later studies showed increasing proportions (25 to 46 per cent) of translocation lymphocytes, more vigorous response to phytohemagglutinin and less chromosome breakage. The translocation lymphocytes gradually became the main (56 to 78 per cent) population. Data on this and other patients with ataxia-telangiectasia suggest that mutant clones of lymphocytes with specific translocations sometimes arise and proliferate, perhaps representing a step toward the lymphoid neoplasia to which such patients are predisposed. Lymphocyte clones for ataxia-telangiectasia may thus be analogous to chronic-myelogenous-...
Ocular Manifestations of HIV Infection
Authors: Emmett T. Cunningham, Todd P. Margolis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has infected nearly 900,000 persons in North America and more than 30 million worldwide.1,2 Since the initial description of eye abnormalities in HIV-positive patients more than 15 years ago,3 numerous reports have described the spectrum and natural history of HIV-associated eye disorders, which affect 70 to 80 percent of all patients at some point during their illness.4 We present here the key clinical features of the most commonly encountered ocular manifestations of HIV infection, as well as the main issues in their management.CD4+ T-Lymphocyte Count as a Predictor of RiskFor years, the . . .
Abstract 3967: Dihydrotestosterone downregulates expression of smad3 in prostate epithelial cells through a transcriptional mechanism, promoting androgenic protection against TGF-beta-induced apoptosis
Authors: Kyung Song, Hui Wang, Tracy L. Krebs, Bingcheng Wang, Thomas J. Kelley, David Danielpour
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Androgens suppress TGF-beta responses in the prostate through mechanisms that are not fully explored. We have recently reported that 5a-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) suppresses the ability of TGF-beta to inhibit proliferation and to induce apoptosis of prostatic epithelial cells, and provided evidence that such suppression was fueled by the transcriptional downregulation of TGF-beta receptor II (TbRII). We now show that AR activated by DHT suppresses the TGF-beta-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 in LNCaP cells overexpressing TbRII under the control of a CMV promoter, suggesting that transcriptional repression of TbRII alone does not fully account for the impact of DHT on TGF-beta responses. Instead, we demonstrate that such suppression occurs through loss of total Smad3, resulting from transcriptional suppression of Smad3. Consistent with this mechanism, we report that loss of Smad3 mRNA inversely correlates with elevated AR mRNA in a cohort of human prostate tissues (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). We provide evidence that DHT downregulates the promoter activity of Smad3 in various prostate cancer cell lines, including NRP-154+AR, DU145+AR, LNCaP, and VCaP, at least partly through androgen-dependent inactivation of Sp1. Moreover, we show that overexpression of Smad3 reverses the ability of DHT to protect against TGF-beta-induced apoptosis in NRP-154, supporting our model that loss of Smad3 by DHT is involved in the protection against TGF-beta-induced apoptosis. Together, these findings suggest that deregulated/enhanced expression and activation of AR in prostate carcinomas may intercept the tumor suppressor function of TGF-beta through transcriptional suppression of Smad3, thereby providing new mechanistic insight on the development of castration-resistant prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3967.
Atrial Systolic Failure in Primary Amyloidosis
Authors: Jonathan F. Plehn, Jean Southworth, Gibbons G. Cornwell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

CARDIAC involvement in primary (AL) amyloidosis commonly results in progressive heart failure owing to restriction of ventricular filling (restrictive cardiomyopathy).1 2 3 4 5 (AL stands for  light chain, describing the protein deposited in tissues in this disorder.) There is considerable variability among patients in the hemodynamic findings associated with this disease, and recent studies using pulsed Doppler echocardiography and radionuclide ventriculography have described a spectrum of left ventricular filling abnormalities that appear to be related to disease progression and severity.6 , 7 In the early stages of cardiac amyloid infiltration, a relative shift of left ventricular filling from early to late diastole with enhancement . . .
Comparison of survival between the UK and US after surgery for most common pediatric CNS tumors
Authors: R. K. Mathew, R. O'Kane, R. Parslow, C. Stiller, T. Kenny, S. Picton, P. D. Chumas
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

We report a population-based study examining long-term outcomes for common pediatric CNS tumors comparing results from the UK with the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data set and with the literature. No such international study has previously been reported. Data between 1996 and 2005 from the UK National Registry of Childhood Tumours (NRCT) and the SEER registry were analyzed. We calculated actuarial survival at each time point from histological diagnosis, with death from any cause as the endpoint. Kaplan–Meier estimation and log-rank testing (Cox proportional hazards regression analysis) were used to calculate survival differences among tumor subtypes, adjusting for age at diagnosis. Population-based outcomes for each tumor type are presented. Overall age-adjusted survival, stratifying for histology (combining pilocytic astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma, glioblastoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, medulloblastoma, and ependymoma), is significantly lower for NRCT than SEER (hazard ratio 0.71, P < .001) and at 1, 5, and 10 years. Both NRCT and SEER outcomes are worse than those reported from trials. Analyzing data from comprehensive registries minimizes bias associated with trials and institutional studies. The reasons for the poorer outcomes in children treated in the UK are unclear. Likewise, the differences in outcomes between patients in trials and those not in trials need further investigation. We recommend that all children with CNS tumors be recruited into studies—even if these are observational studies. We also suggest that registries be suitably funded to publish independent outcome data (including morbidity) at both a national and an institutional level.
Novel ZAP70 mutations causing Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease in Saudi Arabia
Authors: A. Hawwari, O. Alsmadi, H. Al-Dhekri, A. Al-Ghonaium, S. Al-Muhsen, B. Al-Saud, R. Arnaout, H. Al-Mousa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
A memorable dinner companion: Doctors' honours
Authors: J. H. Baron
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The heavy, gilt edged, embossed italic card specified evening dress and decorations, so I donned white tie and tails, with my sole lapel miniature the general service medal (Malaya). The table plan put me next to Sir Cecil Wakeley Bt KBE CB FRSE FRCS honFRCSE FFR FRCSI FRACS LlD DSc (1892-1979). He reminisced over his long career and was glad we had only three courses and wines instead of double that number as in the first half of the 20th century. I explained that I had complained (fruitlessly) in the newsletter of my college that it served white bread and butter, fatty meats, rich puddings, cream, and cigars. Wakeley had been editorial secretary of the British Journal of Surgery from 1942 to 1972, and he rejoiced that the qualitative anecdotal case reports, series, and polemics (“In my experience. . .”) had been replaced by quantitative papers testing hypotheses, even if the journal's pages were now spattered with mysterious Ps (probability values).

Wakeley's main worry was the sharp decline in public esteem of the medical profession. I disagreed, citing opinion polls that the public put their trust, above every calling, in doctors, whereas our principal calumniators, journalists and politicians, were distrusted totally.

“But I said esteem, Baron, not trust.”

“How, Sir Cecil, do you measure esteem?”

“Easy, Baron, the honours list. Twice a year when I was PRCS [1949-54] we took Attlee our list: ‘We’d like a peerage for him, a baronet, Ks for this half dozen, and then some CBEs and OBEs.' Now, Baron, look around you at this distinguished medical banquet, and you'll see hardly even a K, because honours today go to captains of industry and civil servants, who therefore no longer hold our profession in its former esteem.”

Did Wakeley win this rally? I waited until I could compare the honours lists for surgeons in 1949 and half a century later. In 1949 five surgeons were knighted, and eight were CBEs or CMGs. In 1999 there were two surgical knight/dames and two CBEs. All the presidents of the college of surgeons between 1940 and 1965 became peers or baronets, but since 1966 only one PRCS was ennobled; the others got a K. In the recent birthday honours only one of the 25 new knights bachelor was from health care, and he was a chairman of a regional office of the NHS Executive. Game, set, and match to Sir Cecil.
Pembrolizumab-induced necrotic myositis in a patient with metastatic melanoma
Authors: H. Vallet, A. Gaillet, N. Weiss, C. Vanhaecke, S. Saheb, V. Touitou, N. Franck, N. Kramkimel, A. Borden, M. Touat, D. Ricard, M. Verny, T. Maisonobe, D. Psimaras
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
SAT0507 The Analysis of Factors Associated with Treatment Adherence of Gout: A Patient Survey in China
Authors: F. Sheng, W. Fang, X. Zeng
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Poor adherence to urate-lowering drugs (ULD) is a common problem in gout patients. Published data indicate that the proportion of non-adherence is 56-83% in western country<sup>1–3</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate treatment adherence of gout and its associated factors in Chinese patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A structured survey was carried out by telephone interview in 161 patients recruited from Gout Clinic at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. All patients satisfied the ACR classification criteria for gout, 1977. The treatment adherence was defined as sustained use of urate-lowering drugs (ULD) in the prior 12 months, otherwise non-adherence. The associated factors with treatment adherence were investigated by logistic regression models. <h3>Results</h3> The proportion of treatment adherence was 26.5%. 68.3% of non-adherence patients had never used ULD. The factors associated with treatment adherence included frequency of gout flare (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.07), serum uric acid levels (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.08-1.91), and tophi (OR 4.53, 95% CI 1.83-11.24) at baseline, the number of follow-up visits (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05-1.75) and a revisit 30 days after the first one (OR 4.11, 95% CI 1.52-11.12). During the interview, patients reported the reasons that caused non-adherence, including worrying about adverse effects (17.7%), quiescence after lifestyle intervention (16.8%) or ULD treatment (13.3%), and lack of education (9.7%). Other causes less than 5% included adverse events, poor efficacy, sick of medicine and preferring traditional Chinese medicine. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The treatment adherence of gout was poor. The severity of disease and follow-up frequency were associated with drug adherence. <h3>References</h3> Zandman-Goddard G, Amital H, Shamrayevsky N, Raz R, Shalev V, Chodick G. Rates of adherence and persistence with allopurinol therapy among gout patients in Israel. Rheumatology (Oxford, England) 2013;52:1126-31. Harrold LR, Andrade SE, Briesacher BA, et al. Adherence with urate-lowering therapies for the treatment of gout. Arthritis research &amp; therapy 2009;11:R46. Solomon DH, Avorn J, Levin R, Brookhart MA. Uric acid lowering therapy: prescribing patterns in a large cohort of older adults. Annals of the rheumatic diseases 2008;67:609-13. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2587