tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Malignant Stromal Tumor: A Rare Cause Of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Discovered By Tc-99m Labeled Red Cells
Authors: JOHN HAMLIN, PETER J. NYE, GEORGE CHACKO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 59-year-old man had a 2-year history of gastrointestinal bleeding that went undiagnosed by upper GI and small bowel follow through, colonoscopy, and endoscopy until a Tc-99m labeled RBC scan suggested that the cause of the bleeding was an abdominal mass. Angiography and CT confirmed the presence of mass. The mass was resected, and histologic evaluation suggested a malignant stromal tumor.
IFN-γ receptor and STAT1 signaling in B cells are central to spontaneous germinal center formation and autoimmunity
Authors: Phillip P. Domeier, Sathi Babu Chodisetti, Chetna Soni, Stephanie L. Schell, Melinda J. Elias, Eric B. Wong, Timothy K. Cooper, Daisuke Kitamura, Ziaur S.M. Rahman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Spontaneously developed germinal centers (GCs [Spt-GCs]) harbor autoreactive B cells that generate somatically mutated and class-switched pathogenic autoantibodies (auto-Abs) to promote autoimmunity. However, the mechanisms that regulate Spt-GC development are not clear. In this study, we report that B cell–intrinsic IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR) and STAT1 signaling are required for Spt-GC and follicular T helper cell (Tfh cell) development. We further demonstrate that IFN-γR and STAT1 signaling control Spt-GC and Tfh cell formation by driving T-bet expression and IFN-γ production by B cells. Global or B cell–specific IFN-γR deficiency in autoimmune B6.Sle1b mice leads to significantly reduced Spt-GC and Tfh cell responses, resulting in diminished antinuclear Ab reactivity and IgG2c and IgG2b auto-Ab titers compared with B6.Sle1b mice. Additionally, we observed that the proliferation and differentiation of DNA-reactive B cells into a GC B cell phenotype require B cell–intrinsic IFN-γR signaling, suggesting that IFN-γR signaling regulates GC B cell tolerance to nuclear self-antigens. The IFN-γR deficiency, however, does not affect GC, Tfh cell, or Ab responses against T cell–dependent foreign antigens, indicating that IFN-γR signaling regulates autoimmune, but not the foreign antigen–driven, GC and Tfh cell responses. Together, our data define a novel B cell–intrinsic IFN-γR signaling pathway specific to Spt-GC development and autoimmunity. This novel pathway can be targeted for future pharmacological intervention to treat systemic lupus erythematosus.
355 ENHANCED INTERFERON ALPHA-DEPENDENT TRAIL EXPRESSION BUT COMPRISED CYTOKINE PRODUCTION OF NK CELLS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN RELATION TO THE IL28B GENOTYPE
Authors: M. Rogalska-Taranta, A. Markova, S. Lunemann, A. Taranta, R. Flisiak, V. Schlaphoff, M.P. Manns, M. Cornberg, H. Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Visualization of celiac ganglia using a linear array echoendoscope
Authors: Doi Shinpei
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

The celiac plexus is presumed to be located at the perimeter of the trunk of the celiac artery (CA). Only a few reports have examined in detail how frequently and in what morphology the celiac ganglia (CG) are visualized by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS).
Let-7 Inverts the Chemoresistance of Breast Tumor-Initiating Cells.
Authors: F. Yu, J. Wu, C. Gong, F. Su, E. Song
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Cancers may arise from rare self-renewing highly tumorigenic “stem” cells, which are thought not only to be the source of the tumor, but also to be responsible for resistance to cancer therapy and subsequent tumor recurrence. Our preliminary data strongly suggest that let-7 is a master regulator of BT-IC self-renewal and multipotency. It is likely that let-7 regulates many other genes/pathways during BT-IC differentiation. However, we do not know whether let-7 might also regulate other putative aspects of “stemness” such as chemoresistance.Material and Methods: Quantified qRT-PCR was used to test the expression of let-7a in chemoresistant breast tumor tissue from patients, as well as the chemosensitive samples. The location of let-7a in primary breast cancer samples from patients with chemoresistance were compared to the samples without chemoresistance by in situ hybridization analysis.SK-3rd Cells, which is a cell line enriched in breast tumor-initiating cells, were cultured in suspension to form mammosphere which could be induced to differentiation with adhesive culture. Lentivirus-mediated let-7a transduction was used to increase the expression level of let-7a.Let-7 target gene expression (HRAS and HMGA2) was determined by qRT-PCR and western blot. The response of BT-ICs to chemotherapy was determined by MTT, Annexin V and Tunel.Results: The expression level of let-7a microRNA in chemoresistant patients were significantly lower than the patients without chemoresistance (P&amp;lt;0.05). The let-7a mimics can effectively enhance the expression of let-7a in mammospheric SK-3rd cells, and reduced the expression level of H-RAS and HMGA2 proteins, which are the targets of let-7. Mammospheric SK-3rd cells tranfected with let-7a mimics had a lower proliferation rate and a higher apoptosis rate under epirubicin treatment.Conclusion: Lack of expression of let-7 regulates BT-IC resistance to chemotherapy. Therefore, let-7a may be an effective maker to predict the response of tumor to chemotherapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1136.
Mucosal Hypertrophy of the Stomach
Authors: Fairfield Goodale, Ronald C. Sniffen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE clinician and the roentgenologist are confronted periodically with the management of a patient in whom large gastric rugal folds have been found. The differential diagnosis must include mucosal spread of an anaplastic carcinoma, lymphoma, hypertrophic gastritis and mucosal hypertrophy, with the possible inclusion of a chronic inflammatory granuloma, such as sarcoid or syphilis.Mucosal hypertrophy of the stomach has been variously termed Menetrier's disease1 (polyadénome en nappe) and tumoral hypertrophy,2 and is often mistakenly called chronic hypertrophic gastritis and diffuse gastric polyposis.3 It is uncommon, and its natural history unknown. The changes that take place in the gastric mucosa . . .
SAT0420 A Survey of Tennis Elbow Treatment, What are Rheumatologists Recommending?
Authors: I. Sahbudin, A. Peall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Tennis elbow is a common disorder affecting approximately 1% of the general population annually. Treatments have historically focused on treating inflammation although in chronic tendinopathy the pathological process is primarily tendon degeneration and disordered healing. We undertook a survey to ascertain current treatment practices amongst Rheumatologists particularly the use of corticosteroid injections. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to ascertain the most popular current treatment practices for tennis elbow amongst Rheumatologists. <h3>Methods</h3> Rheumatologists were surveyed using a simple questionnaire. A clinical scenario of a patient with a 3-month history of tennis elbow and no previous treatment was presented. Clinicians were asked to rank their preferences from a list of readily available treatments. The top 3 treatment choices were included for analysis. <h3>Results</h3> 40 completed questionnaires were available for analysis. Of first preference treatment physiotherapy interventions were most commonly chosen with eccentric exercise (22.5%) the most popular single specified intervention. Corticosteroid injection was the second most popular primary intervention (20%). A total of 77.5% of rheumatologists would include physiotherapy as a top 3 treatment choice with splinting (52.5%) the next most popular modality. Corticosteroid injection was included as a top 3 treatment choice by 47.5% of Rheumatologists. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although physiotherapy and splinting are popular treatment preferences for tennis elbow nearly half of surveyed rheumatologists would consider corticosteroid injection a top 3 treatment choice. This is despite evidence that longer-term outcomes from corticosteroid injection can be worse even than no active intervention. Why corticosteroid continues to be so popular remains open to debate although the ease of the procedure, a traditional view of tennis elbow as an inflammatory process and often encouraging early outcomes from injection are likely playing a part. Improved understanding of the pathology underlying tennis elbow among rheumatologists, as well as increasing evidence for the use of exercise regimes such as eccentric stretching and newer injectable agents, such as platelet rich plasma, may change this current position. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A6.9 Directed Transport of microRNAs from Apoptotic Cells to Phagocytes by Membrane-Coated Vesicles (MCVs)
Authors: L Claßen, LO Tykocinski, F Wiedmann, S Krienke, A Lauffer, P Heyder, N Blank, M Schiller, HM Lorenz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> A distinctive feature of cell activation and apoptotic cell death is the formation of MCVs. MCVs have previously been identified as mediators of cell-to-cell communication and are recognised as carriers of microRNA. An impaired clearance of apoptotic debris has been observed in SLE patients. This is caused by an increased rate of apoptosis and by a defect in phagocytic-cell clearance. We investigated differences in the microRNA content of MCVs released by activated and apoptotic lymphoblasts from normal healthy donors (NHDs) and SLE patients. MicroRNA content of lymphoblasts and MCVs and the effect of MCV uptake into monocytes were analysed. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Activated lymphoblasts, UV-B irradiated lymphoblasts and corresponding MCVs of NHDs and SLE patients were compared in an Agilent microRNA array and validated by qPCR MiR-155 expression was determined by qPCR in monocytes with engulfed autologous UV-MCVs. Western blot was performed to investigate the expression of the miR-155 target protein Tab-2. <h3>Results</h3> MiR-155, miR-155*, miR-34b and miR-99a were significantly less expressed in UV-lymphoblasts compared to non-irradiated lymphoblasts. The effect was even more pronounced in staurosporine-treated lymphoblasts. In contrast, the expression of miR-34a increased after UV-B irradiation but decreased under staurosporine treatment. The comparison of viable and apoptotic MCVs showed a decrease of miR-155* in apoptotic MCVs. In UV-MCVs, the miR-99a level was higher compared to viable MCVs. MiR-155 was not altered in MCVs after apoptosis induction. MiR-34a was expressed at higher levels in viable SLE lymphoblasts and MCVs compared to NHDs. In contrast, miR-34b expression was decreased in UV-lymphoblasts and UV-MCVs of SLE patients. In functional assays we could demonstrate higher miR-155 levels and consecutively decreased target protein levels in monocytes after engulfment of autologous UV-MCVs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data show an unequal distribution of the content of different microRNAs within apoptotic cells and cell derived MCV. This suggests a directional transport rather than a random distribution. Thus, cells can regulate their microRNA as well as the microRNA content within released MCV. We could show that microRNA and protein expression changes in phagocytes after UV-MCV engulfment. Thus, our results suggest that MCVs could serve as a transport vehicle for microRNAs to mediate cell-cell communication and influence intracellular processes in the phagocyte. Disturbances of this system could contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE.
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Level in Aqueous Humor of Diabetic Patients With Rubeotic Glaucoma Is Markedly Elevated
Authors: Hirohito Sone, Yukichi Okuda, Yasushi Kawakami, Mitsuya Hanatani, Hideo Suzuki, Tadahiko Kozawa, Sachiko Honmura, Kamejiro Yamashita
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)
18F-FDG PET/CT in a Seldom Case of Primary Duodenal Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans With Lung and Skeletal Metastases
Authors: Sellam Karunanithi, Tarun Kumar Jain, Ashok Singh, Chandrasekhar Bal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is an uncommon cutaneous soft tissue sarcoma tumor that arises from the dermis of the skin. Sarcomas of the intestines are rare, and a DFSP arising from the small intestine is a very rare occurrence. Here we present F-FDG PET/CT imaging findings of a 60-year-old man with DFSP in the duodenum with metastases to the lung, mesentery, and skeleton.
Validity of insertion depth measurement in double-balloon endoscopy
Authors: O. Albors, F. Soria, E. Cuadrado, E. Morcillo, C. Martín, L. Carballo, R. Latorre
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> In double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) the use of a reliable and practical method to calculate the insertion depth of the endoscope could help to improve diagnosis accuracy and optimize the effort and cost of the technique. The objectives of this work were to compare and evaluate two methods of estimating the insertion depth and to obtain a descriptive model capable of representing the exploration dynamics and efficiency in terms of advanced distance and time. <b>Methods:</b> Oral DBE was performed in 25 pigs. Insertion depth was calculated during the procedure by: 1) estimation of time and distance for each push and pull cycle during progression; and 2) estimation of distance during withdrawal. At the maximum insertion depth a tattoo was placed, and the observed measures for the two methods were compared with the distance between the pylorus and the mark after euthanasia and necropsy of the animals 1 week after DBE. <b>Results:</b> The average insertion depth during progression, withdrawal, and after necropsy was 324.92 cm, 317.23 cm, and 342.05 cm, respectively (<i>P</i> <sub>Anova</sub> = 0.72). The Pearson correlation coefficient (r > 0.85; <i>P </i> < 0.001) and paired Brand – Altman plots demonstrated high agreement between progression and necropsy (0.03 % difference) and between withdrawal and necropsy (6.9 % difference). The exploration dynamics and efficiency in terms of advanced distance per cycle and time fitted to potential and logarithmic regression models, respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Measurement of insertion depth in vivo was validated in the porcine model during progression and withdrawal. Estimation during progression was more accurate and allowed exploration dynamics and efficiency to be plotted, which might be used as approximate reference values for humans.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorhinorrhea
Authors: Isam Alobid, Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

An 83-year-old man with a history of epilepsy and remote trauma to the head started treatment with continuous positive airway pressure because of sleep apnea. Two months later, he was admitted to the clinic with fever, headaches, and watery fluid dripping from his right nostril.
Abstract 3422: Requirement of the histone demethylase LSD1 in Snail-mediated transcriptional repression during epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Authors: Tong Lin, Alison Ponn, Jianrong Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cellular transitions between epithelial and mesenchymal states have crucial roles in embryonic development and tumor metastasis. Members of the Snai1 family of zinc finger transcription factors have emerged as key regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and induce EMT in part by directly repressing epithelial markers such as E-cadherin, a gate keeper of the epithelial phenotype. However, the mechanisms underlying Snai1-mediated transcriptional repression remains incompletely understood. Our study shows Snai1 physically interacts with histone demethylase LSD1 (KDM1A) via the repressive SNAG domain located at the N-terminus. Stable over-expression of Snai1 in human mammary epithelial cell MCF10A recruits LSD1 to the E-cadherin promoter and reduce the level of dimethylation of lysine 4 in histone 3 (H3K4m2), a covalent histone modification commonly associated with active promoters. LSD1 is essential for Snai1-mediated transcriptional repression and for maintenance of the silenced state of Snai1 target genes in invasive cancer cells. In the absence of LSD1, Snai1 fails to repress E-cadherin. In cancer cells in which E-cadherin is silenced, depletion of LSD1 results in partial de-repression of epithelial genes and elevated H3K4m2 levels at the E-cadherin promoter, These results underline the critical role of LSD1 in Snai1-dependent transcriptional repression of epithelial markers and suggest that the LSD1 complex could be a potential therapeutic target for prevention of Snai1-dependent EMT and tumor invasion. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3422. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3422
SP0218 Making the CASE for Rheumatic Diseases (RMDS) at the EU Level
Authors: N.J. Betteridge
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> One of the greatest barriers to the early identification and optimal management of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Diseases (RMDs) is poor public and political awareness. EULAR is actively addressing this problem by campaigning at EU level to solicit a higher political priority for RMDs. This lecture will be delivered by EULAR9s International Liaison Officer, Public Affairs (formerly Vice President of EULAR, representing PARE) and will set out the progress made to date and, even more importantly, current political activities and plans. The lecture will briefly explain the development of EULAR9s first ever Public Affairs strategy. It will describe in concrete terms how individual clinicians, researchers, health professionals and patient representatives can all join forces to raise the profile of rheumatic diseases at both national and EU levels. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6276
Perilymph Fistula Test
Authors: Hosuk Chu, Won-Ho Chung
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A 42-year-old man presented with severe nausea and vertigo, which were precipitated by the application of pressure just anterior to the left external auditory canal. Otoscopic examination revealed a cholesteatoma arising from the pars flaccida of the left tympanic membrane.
Utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Diagnosis and Management of Mucormycosis
Authors: Yuejian Liu, Hubing Wu, Fen Huang, Zhiping Fan, Bing Xu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

18F-FDG PET/CT on a 23-year-old woman with aplastic anemia and left periorbital swelling showed FDG-avid lesions in the head and neck. The lesions were confirmed to be mucormycosis histologically after 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided biopsy. Antifungal therapy was adjusted with serial follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT until complete patient recovery. 18F-FDG PET/CT is valuable in the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis.
Abstract 5125: The identification of Gelsolin as a potential binding partner of Nm23
Authors: Natascia Marino, Jean-Claude A. Marshall, Joshua Collins, Ming Zhou, Timothy Veenstra, Patricia Steeg
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Nm23 was the first metastasis suppressor gene to be identified. To better understand the biological mechanism leading to its anti-metastatic properties, we have investigated new potential binding-proteins of Nm23. Using Mass-spectrometry, we analyzed proteins obtained with co-immunoprecipitation of Nm23 in a mouse mammary cancer cell line overexpressing the human and murine forms of Nm23 (4T1-Nm23H1-flag and 4T1-Nm23M1-flag). Co-immunoprecipitations were also performed from primary tumors and liver metastases obtained from injection of these cell lines into Balb/C mice. Several proteins were found to bind Nm23, both in vitro and in vivo specimens. In addition to previously published Nm23 interacting proteins, we identified new binding partners including the actin-binding protein Gelsolin. Using immunoprecipitation assays, the interaction between Gelsolin and Nm23 was validated in a murine cell line (4T1- Nm23H1/M1 clones) and then in human breast carcinoma cell lines with low (MCF-7) and high metastatic potentials (MDA-MB-435, MDA-MB-231). In the highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cell line, the interaction was observed only after the overexpression of Nm23 in the system. These results suggest that a Nm23-gelsolin interaction may only take place when relatively high levels of Nm23 are expressed. Moreover, we observed that this interaction involves not only the native form of Gelsolin but also Gelsolin-fragments, NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal, which are generated by the action of caspase-3 cleavage. Full-length Gelsolin binds and severs actin polymers in a Ca2+-dependent manner, whereas caspase-3-cleaved Gelsolin severs actin polymers independent of Ca2+. The overexpression of the NH2-terminal fragment has been shown to induce apoptosis, whereas the COOH Terminal fragment has been shown to have an anti-apoptotic effect. We are therefore interested in exploring which Gelsolin-fragment may be specifically binding to Nm23, in order to determine the biological function regulated by this interaction. Our results show a novel Nm23 binding partner, Gelsolin, which is involved in the actin-cytoskeleton regulation and may, in part, explain the motility inhibitory activity of Nm23. The exact interactions between Nm23 and Gelsolin are currently being explored. In particular we are evaluating the role of this interaction in the anti-metastatic effects of Nm23, both human and murine. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5125.
Evaluation des résultats du traitement endoscopique dans la prise en charge de l'empierrement et des gros calculs cholédociens
Authors: A Frej, H Seddik, FZ El Hamdi, A Benkirane
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: La lithiase résiduelle de la voie biliaire principale (VBP) constitue l'indication de choix de la sphinctérotomie endoscopique (SE). Le traitement endoscopique permet d'obtenir une clairance de la VBP dans plus de 90% des cas. Cependant, la présence d'un empierrement cholédocien ou d'un gros calcul peut en limiter ses résultats. Le but de ce travail est de dégager les résultats de la SE dans la prise en charge des empierrements et/ou gros calculs de la VBP.
Endoscopic treatment of a giant pedunculated angiolipofibroma of the distal duodenum
Authors: J. Bartova, J. Bures, M. Podhola, S. Rejchrt, I. Tacheci, M. Kopacova
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Dual antiplatelet therapy (with clopidogrel and aspirin) may be complicated by severe gastrointestinal bleeding [1]. It may unmask an underlying pathology that has been silent so far. Small intestinal bleeding is the most frequent indication for double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE), both for diagnosis and treatment [2] [3]. DBE is feasible even for polypectomy of large small-intestinal polyps (e. g. hamartomas) [4]. We present an unusual case of successful endoscopic removal of a giant angiolipofibroma.