tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic changes in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord in the collagen antibody-induced arthritis model
Authors: J Su, T J Shi, T L Gao, Z Wiesenfeld-Hallin, T Hökfelt, C I Svensson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Backgroundand objectives</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects approximately 1% of the adult population worldwide. Chronic or episodic pain is one of the most egregious symptoms reported by patients with RA. The authors are using the collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model to investigate the molecular basis of alterations in nociceptive pathways induced by polyarthritis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Male CBA mice were injected with five monoclonal collagen type II antibody cocktail on day 0, followed by 25 μg lipopolysaccharide on day 5. Mechanical hyperalgesia was measured using von Frey filaments and the ‘up-down’ method. Arthritic clinical score was assessed every third day. The CAIA mice displayed typical RA pathology characterised by joint swelling and redness (from day 6 to day 36) and reduced pain threshold monitored from the hind paws and starting on day 3 and still low at 43 days. Mice were killed 15 or 47 days after antibody injection, and dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) and spinal cord were collected. Expression of neuropeptides, ion channels and glia markers were assessed by immunohistochemistry. <h3>Results</h3> A line of nociception-related biomarkers was studied in DRGs and spinal cord: SP, CGRP, NPY, SST2R, pERK, pAKT, pLCb3 were expressed in equivalent amounts in all three groups. However, neuropeptide galanin and ATP-gated ion channel P2X<sub>3</sub> were significantly increased in the CAIA DRGs as compared to controls, both at 15 days and 47 days after arthritis induction. GAP 43, a nerve injury marker, was increased in the CAIA DRGs on day 15 and lasted till day 47. In CAIA spinal dorsal horn, a significant increase in Iba-1 intensity was detected from day 15, while glial fibrillary acidic protein was upregulated on day 47. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This data shows that RA induces selective phenotypic changes in DRG neurons. It is suggested that the upregulation of galanin and GAP 43 in DRGs in the CAIA mice reflects structural damage of peripheral branches of sensory neurons. In addition, the pattern of microglia and astrocyte activation detected in the dorsal horn indicates stage-dependent involvement of spinal mechanisms in the CAIA model. In conclusion, this data suggests that long-term joint inflammation leads to a pain state with a unique profile in neuropeptide expression and glial activation.
AB0270 Anti-tnf therapy induces positive changes in the lipoprotein profile of ra patientes. results of a prospective study
Authors: J. Calvo Alén, C. Baamonde, I. Villa, J. L. Peña, J. Gómez-Gerique
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Anti-TNF therapy induces elevations in total cholesterol levels although does not seem to modify the atherogenic index. Otherwise, it appears to have a cardiovascular protective effect. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study in depth the effect of anti-TNF therapy in the lipidic metabolism of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients through a comprehensive analysis of the lipid and lipoprotein induced modifications. <h3>Methods</h3> RA patients naive to any type of biologic therapy starting anti-TNF therapy, were evaluated at two points (first, just before the first dose of the anti-TNF agent and second, at six months of stable anti-TNF therapy) according to a pre-established protocol including the following assessments of lipidic metabolism: Lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and B (ApoB) levels (total and lipoprotein specific), levels of paroxonase 1 (PON1), HDL, LDL, VLDL and total cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids levels, as well as number of molecules of these lipids (mc, mt and mf respectively) in each lipoprotein, total mass (M) and number of particles (np) of the afore mentioned lipoproteins and levels of PCSK9 receptor. Inflammatory markers (ESR, hsCRP, Pentraxina 3 and SAA) and disease activity by joints counts and DAS28 index were also performed. Standard statistical tests were used for comparing both assessments. <h3>Results</h3> Nineteen RA (mean age±SD: 60.7±13.2 years; disease duration±SD: 124.3±296.8 months; 68% women; 47% seropositive and mean±SD DAS28 at first evaluation: 5.5±1.2) patients were evaluated. As expected patients showed a decrease in disease activity (4.6±1.4; p=0.08)). Regarding to the lipidic determinations, although the total cholesterol increased (191 mg/dl ±25 vs 208 mg/dl ±24; p=0.07) without modifying the atherogenic index, anti-TNF induced several biochemical and structural lipoprotein changes with a final positive balance including the following: increase levels of total and HDL ApoA1 (p=0.05 and 0.04), decrease of LDL ApoB (p=0.08) with increase of ApoB VLDL (p=0.08) increase of MHDL (p=0.003) and HDL triglyceride (p=0.035) and protein (p=0.0003) content, decrease in np LDL (p=0.08) and increase of np VLDL which are less atherogenic. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Anti-TNF therapy induces global positive lipoprotein balance with increases of ApoA1 levels and a metabolic shift towards HDL and VLDL molecules instead of LDL. Future studies with larger samples and times of follow up will help us to better define this modifications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Stat Bite: Geographic Patterns of Prostate Cancer Mortality in African-Americans
Authors: M. Dosemeci
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Stat Bite : Geographic Patterns of Prostate Cancer Mortality in African-Americans Get access Mustafa Dosemeci, PH.D. Mustafa Dosemeci, PH.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 22, 16 November 1994, Page 1665, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.22.1665 Published: 16 November 1994
ALTERACIONES HIDROELECTROLÍTICAS TRAS LA PREPARACIÓN PARA LA COLONOSCOPIA CON PICOSULFATO SÓDICO/CITRATO DE MAGNESIO Y POLIETILENGLICOL EN PACIENTES MAYORES DE 60 AÑOS
Authors: R Prados, D Vara, JM González, D Pérez, MDC Martínez, PP Joya, H Marcos, R Acosta, A Álvarez, J Molina
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: la limpieza del colon con polietilenglicol (PEG) en pacientes mayores puede ser problemática por mala tolerancia. La preparación con picosulfato sódico/citrato de magnesio (PS/CM) podría ser una opción idónea por su bajo volumen, si bien se debe utilizar con cautela en pacientes en riesgo de alteraciones hidrolectrolíticas.
Clinical presentation of breast cancer: Age, stage, and treatment modalities in a contemporary cohort of Michigan women.
Authors: D. R. Smith, J. Caughran, J. L. Kreinbrink, G. K. Parish, S. M. Silver, T. M. Breslin, J. E. Pettinga, A. M. Mehringer, C. A. Wesen, H. Yin, D. Share, A. T. Davis, F. T. Pleban, T. A. Bacon-Baguley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

1 Background: The U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) revised their breast cancer screening recommendations in 2009 changing their stance on age and frequency of mammography screening to biannual exams starting at age 50. The purpose of this study is to analyze data from a statewide breast cancer registry managed by the Michigan Breast Oncology Quality Initiative (MiBOQI) to determine the impact of these new recommendations on diagnosing and treating breast cancer. Methods: De-identified data were collected on women participating in the MiBOQI registry at seventeen statewide institutions from 2006-2009. Data included method of detection, cancer stage, age at detection, treatment type, and patient demographics. Participants were stratified based on age, and data analyzed using NCSS software (chi-square and t-tests). Results:5903 women with breast cancer with an average age at diagnosis of 59.4 years were included. 65.5% of breast cancers were detected via mammography, 29.8% by palpation, and 4.7% by other methods. In women under 50 years of age, cancers were detected by mammography in 48.3% (69.3% &gt;50yr) and by palpation in 46.1% (24.1% &gt;50yr). Patients with palpable presentations were younger (55.8 yr vs. 61.2 yr; p &lt;0.001). Cancers with a palpable presentation were diagnosed at higher stages (50.0% stage II) than with mammography (52.5% stage I; p&lt;0.001). Breast conservation surgery occurred more frequently than mastectomy (palpation 54.2%; mammography 72.9%, p&lt;0.001) but cancers detected through palpation were more likely to undergo mastectomy procedures. Conclusions: Results of this study validate the importance of annual screening mammography in women older than 50 years, and women aged 40 to 49 years recently omitted from screening guidelines. There was an increased prevalence of palpation for the method of detection in women less than 50 years of age. If screening mammography is omitted in this group, cancers when detected may be of a more advanced stage and result in more mastectomies. This study also supports the use of palpation as a method of detection despite recent recommendations against teaching self breast exams by USPSTF.
Pancreatic tuberculosis presenting as an unusual head mass
Authors: S. Rana, V. Chaudhary, N. Gupta, S. Sampath, B. Mittal, D. Bhasin
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 28-year-old man presented with upper abdominal pain accompanied by loss of appetite and weight. The clinical examination was unremarkable. His laboratory investigations revealed serum alkaline phosphatase of 260 IU/l (normal range: 42 – 126 U/L) with normal serum bilirubin. Ultrasound of the abdomen showed a well-defined hypoechoic mass, measuring 3 cm, in the head and body region of the pancreas and a nondilated common bile duct and pancreatic duct. Integrated positron emission tomography (PET)–computed tomography (CT) had similar findings with the mass showing intense 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake (standardized uptake value [SUV] value of 15.7) and invading the common hepatic artery as well as the superior mesenteric vein ([Fig. 1]). The peripancreatic and precaval lymph nodes were also enlarged and showed intense FDG uptake. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) also had similar findings, with infiltration of the major vessels by the mass ([Fig. 2]). Following EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration from the mass, cytological analysis revealed granulomatous inflammation with negative staining for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) ([Fig. 3]). The patient started four-drug antitubercular therapy (ATT) and showed a marked improvement in symptoms. After 6 weeks of ATT he is asymptomatic with a normal appetite and complete resolution of abdominal pain.
Abstract 3657: 6-(Het)aryl-7-Deazapurine Ribonucleosides as Potent Novel Cytostatic Agents that Interfere with RNA Synthesis
Authors: Petr Dzubak, Petr Nauŝ, Radek Pohl, Ivan Votruba, Ria Ameral, Gabriel Birkus, Ting Wang, Richard Mackman, Adrian Ray, Tomas Cihlar, Michal Hocek, Marián Hajdúch
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract A series of 33 7-deazapurine ribonucleosides bearing an alkyl, aryl or hetaryl group in position 6 and H, F or Cl atom in position 7 was successfully synthesized. Significant cytostatic effects against both hematological and solid tumor cell lines were found for most of these compounds under in vitro conditions. The most potent were 7-H and 7-F derivatives of 6-furyl-/ 6-thienyl-7-deazapurine ribosides displaying nanomolar GIC50 values (comparable to gemcitabine or clofarabine) in several cancer cell lines. Intracellular phosphorylation to mono- and tri-phosphates and consequent inhibition of RNA synthesis, but not DNA synthesis, were demonstrated in preliminary studies of metabolism and mechanism of action. One of the most active compounds (6-thienyl-7-F-7-deazapurine riboside) was tested for in vivo toxicology in mice, and dose limiting toxicities were weight lost and leucopenia. However, the compound demonstrated highly significant antitumor activity at doses equivalent to MTD and ½ MTD, and afforded the extension of survival in treated mice bearing P388D1 leukemia (p&amp;lt;0.001 compared to untreated animals). Antitumor effect was comparable to doxorubicin in P388D1 model. Interestingly, the intraperitoneal administration of the compound resulted in good local control of intraperitoneally transplanted tumors. Supported by grants awarded by the Czech Ministry of Education (MSM 6198959216 and LC07017). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3657.
Stat Bite Cancer Incidence by Age
Authors: E. J. Sondik
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Stat Bite Cancer Incidence by Age Get access Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Edward J. Sondik, Ph.D., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 3, 2 February 1994, Pages 169–171, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.3.169 Published: 02 February 1994
Indications for Common-Duct Exploration
Authors: Marshall K. Bartlett, William R. Waddell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

THE results of common-duct exploration in the presence of chronic cholecystitis at the Massachusetts General Hospital for the years 1943–1953 have been previously reported,1 and some dissatisfaction with these results has been expressed. In our experience choledochostomy, when added to cholecystectomy, tripled the mortality (Table 1), whether or not stones were found in the duct. More significantly, when a choledochostomy was done the mortality directly attributable to the operative procedure was increased by a factor of about 10. The total number of deaths involved was not large, 8 following cholecystectomy and 17 cholecystectomy and choledochostomy, but they represent a statistically . . .
Art appreciation and aesthetic feeling as objects of explanation
Authors: Patrick Colm Hogan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract The target article presents a thought-provoking approach to the relation of neuroscience and art. However, at least two issues pose potential difficulties. The first concerns whether “art appreciation” is a coherent topic for scientific study. The second concerns the degree to which processing fluency can explain aesthetic feeling or may simply be one component of a more complex account.
Position-invariant letter identification is a key component of any universal model of reading
Authors: Jeffrey S. Bowers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract A universal property of visual word identification is position-invariant letter identification, such that the letter “A” is coded in the same way in CAT and ACT. This should provide a fundamental constraint on theories of word identification, and, indeed, it inspired some of the theories that Frost has criticized. I show how the spatial coding scheme of Colin Davis (2010) can, in principle, account for contrasting transposed letter (TL) priming effects, and at the same time, position-invariant letter identification.
Beyond the mainstream
Authors: Helen Macdonald
Journal: BMJ (2016)

“There is very little science in shaken baby syndrome. It’s become a label. We’re not there at the time of collapse. We don’t know if these babies have been shaken.” So said Waney Squier, the neuropathologist struck off the medical register last week after a General Medical Council (GMC) tribunal found that she had deliberately misled the courts. In tens of court cases, Squier had spoken in defence of families accused of non-accidental head injury and against mainstream opinion on “shaken baby.” But as Jacqui Wise reports, (doi:10.1136/bmj.i17126) the GMC tribunal ruled that she had failed to recognise the limits of her knowledge …
Abstract 5227: Dynamic bioluminescent imaging and fluorescent imaging evaluation of vascular targeting agents combretastatin-A4P on brain tumor xenografts
Authors: Li Liu, Ralph P. Mason, Barjor Gimi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is an inexpensive, high-throughput approach to assess tumor growth in small animals. Recent experiments show that vascular targeting agents, which disrupt the blood supply rapidly, cause reduction and delay in emitted light as assessed by the kinetics of BLI signal intensity in breast tumor. We transfected 9L rat glioma cells to express luciferin under the HRE promoter, and transduced these cells with a retrovirus to constitutively express GFP and mCherry. Different numbers of 9L-3HRE-luc/GFP/mCherry cells were implanted in the lower back regions of nude mice. When tumors reached about 3 to 7 mm diameter, they were imaged first with Fluorescence imaging (FLI) to detect GFP and mcherry signal. Then, 80 µl luciferin (40 mg/kg) was administered S.C and a BLI time course was acquired over 50 mins using a Caliper Xenogen Spectrum. Combretastatin-A4P (CA4P) was then administered IP (150 mg/kg in 100 μl saline) and FLI and BLI repeated following the administration of fresh luciferin 2 h and 4h later. The processes were repeated at the 24 h and 96 h time points. We examined the effect of CA4P on 9L-3HRE-luc/GFP/mCherry that are implanted as S.C xenografts in nude mice, and found highly reproducible curves under control conditions. 2h following CA4P, the BLI signal was reduced by 90%, 4h later, some recovery was observed. After 24 h, the light emission continued to recover. After 96 h, signal was observed mainly from the periphery of larger tumors, probably owing to central necrosis. Notably, the GFP and mCherry fluorescent signals were slightly reduced after 2 h, further declined after 4 h, and GFP signal was completely eliminated after 24 h, attributable to the vascular hemorrhage absorbing GFP. Similarly, after 96 h, both GFP and mCherry signal could be detected in the periphery of larger tumors. Three tumors were developed under similar conditions and examined simultaneously, which provides a valid assessment of vascular shutdown. This technique can be utilized to optimize future therapeutic drug dosage and combinations. Support: NIH R01 EB007456 and NCI SAIRP U24CA126608 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5227.
Detection and significance of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC) receiving systemic therapy
Authors: A. H. Ko, J. Scott, M. A. Tempero, J. W. Park
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4596 Background: Detection of CTC in the peripheral circulation of pts with solid tumors may provide useful prognostic and predictive information. In a previously reported pilot study, we detected CTC in approx 2/3rds of pts with all stages of PC using a flow cytometric-based approach. This study examines the significance of CTC using two separate methods in pts with metastatic PC undergoing systemic rx. Methods: Blood was obtained at baseline and after 2 months of rx from pts with metastatic PC participating in a phase II trial of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and bevacizumab. Two methods for measuring CTC were tested: immunomagnetic capture/flow cytometry (IC/FC) using anti-EpCAM Abs, and the Veridex CellSearch system. Wilcoxon Rank tests were used to test the association of CTC concentration at each time point, and change in concentration over time, with overall survival, time to tumor progression, and CA19–9 response. Results: CTC were measured in 48 indiv pts at baseline (31 using IC/FC, 23 using CellSearch, 6 using both methods) and in 39 indiv pts after 2 months of rx (20 IC/FC, 23 CellSearch, 4 both methods). No correlation was found between CTC concentration at either baseline or at 2 mos and any clinical endpoints (see table ). This was true for both IC/FC and CellSearch methods. 25 pts had serial CTC measurements using consistent methods at both time points (17 IC/FC, 12 CellSearch, 4 both methods). CTC concentration decreased in 9 of 17 pts (52.9%) tested by IC/FC and in 5 of 12 pts (41.7%) tested by CellSearch; however, change in CTC concentration over time was not associated with clinical outcomes. Too few pts have been tested by both methods at a given time point to establish a significant correlation betw the two methods. Conclusions: CTC can be detected in pts with metastatic PC using both methods tested in this study, albeit at low concentrations. The small sample size to date precludes our ability to determine the prognostic and predictive significance of these cells in this disease setting. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
MicroRNAs for Restenosis and Thrombosis After Vascular Injury
Authors: Clarice Gareri, Salvatore De Rosa, Ciro Indolfi
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Percutaneous revascularization revolutionized the therapy of patients with coronary artery disease. Despite continuous technical advances that substantially improved patients’ outcome after percutaneous revascularization, some issues are still open. In particular, restenosis still represents a challenge, even though it was dramatically reduced with the advent of drug-eluting stents. At the same time, drug-eluting stent thrombosis emerged as a major concern because of incomplete or delayed re-endothelialization after vascular injury. The discovery of microRNAs revealed a previously unknown layer of regulation for several biological processes, increasing our knowledge on the biological mechanisms underlying restenosis and stent thrombosis, revealing novel promising targets for more efficient and selective therapies. The present review summarizes recent experimental and clinical evidence on the role of microRNAs after arterial injury, focusing on practical aspects of their potential therapeutic application for selective inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, enhancement of endothelial regeneration, and inhibition of platelet activation after coronary interventions. Application of circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers is also discussed.
Effect of Ranitidine and Amoxicillin plus Metronidazole on the Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the Recurrence of Duodenal Ulcer
Authors: Enno Hentschel, Gerald Brandstatter, Brigitte Dragosics, Alexander M. Hirschl, Heinz Nemec, Kurt Schutze, Margareta Taufer, Herbert Wurzer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Persistent infection with Helicobacter pylori is associated with the recurrence of duodenal ulcer. Whether the efficacy of bismuth therapy in reducing the rate of recurrence of duodenal ulcer is due to its antimicrobial effects on H. pylori or to a direct protective action on the mucosa is still a matter of debate.
Laparoskopie mit Kohlensäuregas. Mögliche Fehldeutung eines endoskopischen Gefäßbefunds
Authors: H. Müller, E. Gundel, H. Kollmeier
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

Carbondioxide gas is known to have dilating effect on skinvessels. Same effect may occur in peritoneal vessels. A case-report is given showing that vascular changes may mock inflammatory reactions when carbondioxide is applied in peritoneoscopy. In order to prevent false interpretation gall-bladder especially should be inspected early in peritoneoscopy.