tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increase of new HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men in Poland, 2000 to 2011
Authors: M Rosinska, J Janiec, M Niedźwiedzka-Stadnik
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Re-emergence of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been observed in countries of western Europe, North America and Australia since the mid-1990s. We aimed to describe the trends in notification rate of HIV infection among MSM in Poland in order to provide evidence for further public health action. We performed a descriptive analysis of 2000–11 surveillance data, accounting for missing information on transmission category through multiple imputations. There were 9,286 new HIV diagnoses in Poland in 2000–11, ranging from 546 to 1,095 per year. A total of 6,896 cases were male, 1,943 female. For 5,615 (60.5%) new diagnoses, the transmission category was not reported; among the rest, MSM constituted 24.1% (n=885/3,671). The rate of new HIV diagnoses among MSM per million men increased from 2.5 in 2000 to 33.8 in 2011; in the Mazowieckie region, which includes Warsaw, it rose from 2.2 to 88.8, when adjusting for missing data on transmission category. Our results suggest the need for enhanced, comprehensive prevention among MSM, especially in regions where the increasing rate of new HIV diagnoses suggests ongoing transmission.
VERBAL HALLUCINATIONS AND ACTIVITY OF VOCAL MUSCULATURE
Authors: LOUIS N. GOULD
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

1. The demonstration of increase of muscle potential of the vocal organs in a case of schizophrenia experiencing verbal hallucinations suggested further investigation. Accordingly, electromyograms of the vocal musculature were obtained from 100 patients and 100 normal controls by means of an electroencephalograph machine. 2. Forty of a group of 48 patients experiencing verbal hallucinations (83%) had increased potential. Of a combined group of 64 having or probably having auditory hallucinations, 53 (82%) had increased potential. 3. Of the group of 33 patients not experiencing hallucinations, 30 (90%) had no increase of muscle potential. Of the combined group of 36 not experiencing or probably not experiencing hallucinations, 31 (86%) showed no increase of muscle potential. 4. In the group of 56 schizophrenic patients who were hallucinating or probably hallucinating, 45 (85%) had an increase of muscle potential. 5. Tension in the "throat" exists in 28% of a sampling of the normal population, whereas it is present in 58% of a sampling of patients in a mental hospital. 6. Hyperactivity of vocal musculature in the psychotic appears related to the presence of verbal hallucinations. 7. The electromyogram of the vocal musculature offers a laboratory method for determination of presence of verbal hallucinations and for the graphic portrayal of change of tension following treatment. 8. A theory of verbal hallucinations is tentatively reaffirmed concerning involuntary intensification of the psychomotor mechanism of speech. 9. A study of muscle tension patterns by means of simultaneous electromyograms is suggested.
SAT0348 Efficacy and Safety of Different Schemes of Etoricoxib Administration in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis - Results of A 12-Week, Prospective, Open-Label Study: Table 1.
Authors: I. Gaydukova, A. Rebrov, N. Nikitina, I. Nam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Guidelines for the treatment of spondyloarthritis with predominantly axial lesion (axSpA) consider non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) as a first-line medication [1]. However, currently unknown what scheme of NSAIDs administration in axSpA associated with optimal benefit/risk ratio. <h3>Objectives</h3> is to evaluate the difference in short-term efficacy and safety of etoricoxib (ET) administered 7 or 3 times a week in patients with axSpA. <h3>Methods</h3> 40 patients fulfilling ASAS criteria (16 non-radiographic axSpA/24 ankylosing spondylitis) with the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Index (BASDAI) ≥4 were randomized into 2 groups: 30 patients received 90 mg of ET per os every day (group 1), 10 patients received 90 mg of ET 3 times a week (group 2). The primary study endpoint was the percentage of patients who met ASAS40 (Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society 40) response criteria at week 12. Secondary endpoints included rates of a 50% BASDAI improvement (BASDAI50), ASAS20, ASAS partial remission, the AS disease activity score (ASDAS), clinically important and major improvements, ASDAS inactive disease, changes in the level of the C-reactive protein (CRP) up to week 12. <h3>Results</h3> Groups 1 and 2 were matched in age, sex, disease activity. A significant reduction of BASDAI, ASDAS, CRP was observed at week 12 in both groups. Daily intake of ET was associated with greater reduction of activity compared with ET intake 3 times a week, table. At week 12 in group 1 ASAS40 response was observed in 22 (73.3%) patients, ASAS20 response, ASAS partial remission and BASDAI50 response in 28 (93.3%), 7 (23.3%) and 11 (36.67%) patients, respectively. ASDAS clinically important improvement, ASDAS major improvements and ASDAS inactive disease state at week 12 were noted in 15 (50%), 6 (20%) and 4 (13.3%) patients, respectively. In group 2 at week 12 ASAS40 response was observed in 2 (20%) patients, ASAS20 response, ASAS partial remission and BASDAI50 response in 4 (40%), 1 (10%) and 3 (33.33%) patients, respectively. ASDAS clinically important improvement, ASDAS major improvements and ASDAS inactive disease states at week 12 were noted in 2 (20%), 1 (10%) and 0 (0%) patients, respectively. Totally, 5 adverse events (AE) occurred during the study (3 - in group 1 and 2 - in group 2). No serious AE were observed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Treatment outcomes are better in axSpA patients with daily intake of 90mg ET compared with administration of ET 3 times a week. No differences in safety of two treatment schemes were identified. <h3>References</h3> Braun J. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011; 70: 896–904. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3966
Correlates of persistent depressive symptoms in widows
Authors: W S Nuss, G S Zubenko
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Delineation of factors that predict depressive symptom severity 6 or more months after the loss of a spouse may help identify individuals at risk for persistent depressive symptoms. In this study, sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depressive symptom severity were examined among widows 6 to 16 months after the deaths of their husbands.The 50 subjects were identified from the Allegheny County, Penn., death records and were interviewed by telephone. The authors examined the relationship of depressive symptoms to sociodemographic variables, perceptions of sex role and quality of social supports, level of support sought for bereavement, and premorbid personal and family psychiatric history.Widows with persistent depressive symptoms were less likely to have worked outside the home, had less favorable perceptions of their interpersonal support systems, were more likely to have had previous psychiatric disorders, and were likely to have sought professional help in response to their bereavement. In a multivariate model, only premorbid psychiatric history and the perception of interpersonal support system made independent contributions to the prediction of Beck Depression Inventory scores above the normal range.These results suggest several factors that may identify women at risk of protracted psychiatric morbidity after their husbands' deaths. They also suggest that the persistence of depressive symptoms an average of 1 year after the loss of a spouse may reflect a pathological condition rather than normal grieving.
OP0249-PARE High Demand of RA-Instructor Training Program of Healthcare Staff
Authors: R. Greiff
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In 1988 the University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW) started "Arthritis Educator Program". The purpose was to improve rheumatology training of future physicians using patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However the program struck so well that it soon came to be directed at general practitioners, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists and others. When it was introduced in Sweden we called it RA-Instruktörer - RA-Instructor training program. An RA-Instructor is a person with rheumatoid arthritis who is trained to teach health-care staff how to conduct a joint investigation provides information on typical RA symptoms and share their patient experience. Since the Swedish Rheumatism Association in 2012 handed over the business to its training company Reuma Development limited company (RD) we have experienced at an increased demand of RA-Instructor training program. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our main objective of RA-Instructor training program is to improve rheumatology training of physicians, general practitioners, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists using patients with rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Methods</h3> We have signed contracts with medical education providers, physical therapist education, primary health care centers etc. At the same time we organize schedules, fee reports, evaluation reports and procedures etc with our RA-Instructors. We inform about the program through our website www.reumautveckling.org with the title "Knowledge which makes difference". We have updated and printed a new edition of our educational material "Manual in hand and wrist examination in RA" with the latest scientific knowledge about RA. <h3>Results</h3> During 2013 we completed over 100 training sessions for medical students, physical therapist education, occupational training, foot care education and primary health care etc. We reached over 1000 students and receive a very high score in their evaluation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The primary conclusion is that we want to continue with the RA-Instructors training program. In 2014 we are organizing competence development for our group leaders, skills development of those RA-Instructors we have, and we will also recruit and train 10-20 new RA-Instructors. The website www.reumautveckling.org will be updated including with short videos introducing and presenting RA-Instructors in action. We also need to keep up the same high score in the evaluation from students and customers. On a long term basis we want to double the customer list, complete over 250-350 training sessions per year and simplify and reduce administrative costs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4961
Abstract 978: A regulatory role for TAZ in mesenchymal differentiation of glioblastoma
Authors: Krishna P. L Bhat, Katrina Salazar, Brian Vaillant, Kenneth Aldape
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gene expression profiling studies have revealed that the mesenchymal signature (MES) is a predictor for poor survival and treatment resistance in glioblastoma (GBM) patients, whereas patients with a proneural (PN) signature perform better in the clinic. We found that the HIPPO pathway transcription co-factor TAZ, but not YAP is epigenetically silenced by CpG island hypermethylation in lower grade/PN tumors whereas its promoter is hypomethylated in GBM/MES tumors. Treatment of a demethylation agent (2′-deoxy-5-azacytidine) increased TAZ mRNA levels in glioma stem cells lacking this protein. Using bioinformatic approaches we found TAZ to be significantly connected to the MES gene signature network that was distinct from recently reported regulators of MES transition in GBM, viz., STAT3 and CEBPβ. Approximately 60% of the in silico inferred targets were confirmed to be direct targets of TAZ by ChIP-PCR. Silencing TAZ in GSCs decreased invasion and blocked tumorigenesis when implanted intracranially into mice. Conversely, overexpression of TAZ in GSCs that lack this protein resulted in increased MES gene expression, suppressed PN gene expression, increased invasion, differentiation toward an osteogenic and chondrocytic lineage and reduced tumor latency in the xenograft model. In primary NSCs, forced TAZ resulted in increased expression of mesenchymal markers such as fibronectin, and smooth muscle actin, whereas astrocytic or neuronal differentiation was suppressed. All aforementioned phenotypes were abolished when overexpressing a single point mutant version of TAZ (S51A) that lacks binding to its bona fide transcription partner, TEAD. Finally overexpression of TAZ in a PGDF-RCAS transgenic mouse model caused increased tumor grade and incidence and shift toward a MES phenotype. Our study identifies TAZ as important master regulator of PN to MES transition in gliomas and presents as an attractive therapeutic target for this devastating disease. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 978. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-978
Abstract 3085: Expression profiling of exosomal miRNAs derived from human esophageal cancer cells by Solexa high-through sequencing.
Authors: Juan Liao, Ran Liu, Lihong Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Exosomes are small membrane vesicles of endocytic origin that are released into the extracellular environment on fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVB) with the plasma membrane. Studies showed that inside exosomes, cellular gene products including proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are packaged and these molecules can be transferred to recipient cells to deliver their molecular signaling. Objective: To explore the miRNA expression profile and distribution characteristics of exosomes derived from human esophageal cancer cells by Solexa high-throughput sequencing. Methods: Exosomes were extracted from cell culture supernatants by ultracentrifugation. Exosomes were identified by transmission electronic microscopy and western blot assay with anti-CD63 antibody. The types and abundance of known and novel miRNAs in cells and exosomes were identified by Solexa high-throughput sequencing. Results:There were 56421(2.94%) unique sequences in cells and 7727(0.63%) in exosomes matched the known miRNAs(Table 1). 64 in cells and 32 in exosomes novel miRNAs were predicted. Further analysis revealed extensive sequence variations (isomiRs) of cell and exosome miRNAs. The known miRNAs showed an increased expression in cells compared with exosomes. The expression level of hsa-miR-chr15_4885 and hsa-miR-chr18_7463 in exosomes were significantly higher than cells, with an average fold-change of 10 while hsa-miR-chr7_20613 and hsa-miR-chr19_8205 in cells were significantly higher than exosomes, with an average fold-change of thousands. Conclusion: The miRNA expression profile in exosomes is different from that in cells. It suggested that the significantly enriched miRNAs in exosomes may be the result of an active uptaken by exosomes. These specific miRNAs expressed in exosomes may play an important role in intercellular communication. Table 1. Distribution of sequence counts for the different classes of small RNAs in cells and exosomes Classification Unique RNA in cells Percentage (%) in cells Unique RNA in exosomes Percentage (%) in exosomes miRNA 56,421 2.94 7,727 0.63 mRNA 59,655 3.11 5,988 0.49 Repbase 31,421 1.64 5,066 0.41 rRNA 260,307 13.56 85,303 6.95 tRNA 80,635 4.20 119,500 9.74 snRNA 27,935 1.45 1,823 0.15 Unknown RNA 1,403,576 73.10 1,001,499 81.63 Total 1,919,950 100.00 1,226,905 100.00 Citation Format: Juan Liao, Ran Liu, Lihong Yin. Expression profiling of exosomal miRNAs derived from human esophageal cancer cells by Solexa high-through sequencing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3085. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3085 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
La mise en place d'un stent pancréatique après injection intra-canalaire de bleu de méthylène diminue le risque de pancréatite aiguë après ampullectomie endoscopique
Authors: L Poincloux, J Scanzi, B Pereira, P Guibert, H Devaud, J Joubert Zakeyh, G Bommelaer
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Nous avons rapporté dans un travail antérieur (2009) l'intérêt de l'ampullectomie endoscopique (AE) comme traitement de première intention des ampullomes bénins et ampullocarcinomes T1N0 avec 90% de résection curatrice Ro. Notre taux de pancréatite aigue (PA) était faible (6,6%) à priori corrélé avec un taux d'intubation pancréatique élevé (83,3%) mais avec trop peu d'évènements pour pouvoir conclure statistiquement. Le taux de PA généralement rapporté après AE varie de 18 à 21%. Le but de cette étude sur une série rétrospective plus large était de déterminer si l'intubation pancréatique systématique après AE diminue le risque de PA.
¿HEMOS DE VIGILAR MÁS ESTRECHAMENTE A LOS PACIENTES DIABÉTICOS EN LOS PROGRAMAS DE CRIBADO DE CÁNCER COLORRECTAL?
Authors: MÁ Pantaleón, X Bessa, A Seoane, D Zaffalón, JM Dedeu, F Riu, L Barranco, F Bory, MA Álvarez
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La diabetes mellitus se ha asociado con un riesgo superior de desarrollo de cáncer colorrectal (CCR) aunque los resultados son discordantes. Un estudio reciente con población asiática ha sugerido que los adenomas se desarrollan en edades más tempranas en pacientes diabéticos.
The effects of sildenafil citrate on malignant B-cells in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: B. A. McGregor, A. Gorrebeeck, E. Struble, A. Harroff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

7076 Background: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in the Western Hemisphere, with over 10,000 cases diagnosed annually in the United States. It is characterized by progressive accumulation of functionally incompetent long-lived lymphocytes, shown to be secondary to a defect in programmed cell death or apoptosis. The phosphodiesterase inhibitor sildenafil induces capsase dependent apoptosis of malignant B lymphocytes in vitro. This study will test the hypothesis that sildenafil reduces the expression of BCL-2 and increases the spontaneous apoptosis rate of malignant B-cells in patients with CLL. Methods: Thirteen patients with Rai Stage 0 CLL were enrolled. Nine of the patients were aged sixty-five years or older and received sildenafil 25 mg weekly; four patients were under the age of sixty-five and received sildenafil 25 mg weekly. All patients took the medication for a total of three months. Lymphocyte counts, BCL-2 expression, caspase 3 activity, and apoptosis rate were monitored on enrollment and monthly for duration of the study. Results: The median age of patients enrolled in the study was 74 with a median white blood cell count of 18 x10 3 /mL. Twelve of the 13 patients completed three months of therapy. While one patient withdrew due to blehparitis, not felt to be a side effect of sildenafil, all other patients tolerated the medication well without any adverse effects. There was no significant decrease in white blood cell count or Bcl-2 expression; capsase 3 activity and apoptosis rates remained undetectable on presentation and throughout treatment. Conclusions: At a dose of 25 to 50 mg weekly, sildenafil does not appear to have any effects on the malignant B cells in CLL. While this dose may not produce a measurable clinical or cellular response, higher doses may still have an effect on the malignant B cells of CLL. The dose of sildenafil was based on a case series of patients with Viagra who had decreases in IgM levels while taking sildenafil 25–50 mg weekly. Subsequent studies in have shown a greater reduction in IgM in patients taking sildenafil 100 mg daily and patients did not report any significant side effects. A follow-up study using sildenafil 100 mg daily is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A2.04 The role of somatic hypermutation and n-glycosylation in the anti-nets immunoreactivity of ra synovial monoclonal antibodies
Authors: E Corsiero, E Carlotti, E Prediletto, L Jagemann, C Pitzalis, M Bombardieri
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> We previously showed that anti-citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies (ACPA) targeting citrullinated antigens contained in neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) can be manufactured within ectopic germinal centre-like structure (GC-LS) in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovium. Here, we aimed to characterise <b>a)</b> whether the RA synovial anti-NETs antibodies had undergone antigen-driven affinity maturation, <b>b)</b> the importance of somatic hypermutations (SHM) within the VH/VL chain for their binding and <b>c)</b> whether the presence of N-glycosylation sites in the Fab domains introduced by SHM can modulate the reactivity towards NETs. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> 82 full recombinant monoclonal antibodies (RA-syn-rmAbs) were generated from single CD19<sup>+</sup> B-cells FACS-sorted from fresh GC-LS+ synovial cell suspensions following IgVH+VL genes cloning. RA-syn-rmAbs for reversion experiments (n = 9) were chosen according to their level of reactivity towards NETs. N-glycosylation sites (N-x-S/T) in the Fab domains were predicted using the NetNGlyc1.0 Server and the presence of glycans was detected by total glycoprotein staining on gel. Reversion of the IgV genes into germ-line (GL), generation of hybrid clones (where VH/VL or selected CDRs/FRs were reverted into GL, n = 5) and N-glycosylation mutants (where asparagine (N) was substituted with glutamine (Q), n = 7) was performed by overlap-PCR. Anti-NETs immunoreactivity was detected using cell-based immunoassays with activated peripheral blood or RA synovial fluid neutrophils. <h3>Results</h3> The RA-syn-rmAbs anti-NETs immunoreactivity was dependent on affinity maturation within GC-LS and was completely abrogated when the full IgVH+VL genes were reverted to GL. Similarly, when only the single IgVH/VL gene was reverted to GL, the reactivity towards NETs was lost suggesting that both VH+L chains are important in conferring the reactivity towards NETs. Moreover, the increased molecular weight observed in selected anti-NET antibodies was dependent on the presence of Fab-linked glycans and was lost in the GL counterpart. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Importantly, our data showed that SHM is necessary for the development of high-affinity NETs-binding antibodies in synovial GC-LS and for the introduction of N-glycosylation sites in the Fab domain which could influence the NET-antigens binding. Defining the contribution of individual CDRs and FRs to the affinity of antigen-binding sites may help to engineer new therapeutic Abs and design of CDRs/FRs-specific peptides for tolerogenic strategy.