tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PATTERNS OF PREVENTIVE MEDICAL THERAPY AND LIFESTYLE PRACTICES IN PATIENTS EVALUATED FOR SUSPECTED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: THE PROMISE TRIAL (PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER IMAGING STUDY FOR EVALUATION OF CHEST PAIN)
Authors: Joseph A. Ladapo, Adrian Coles, Rowena Dolor, Daniel Mark, Lawton Cooper, Kerry Lee, Jonathan Goldberg, Michael Shapiro, Udo Hoffmann, Pamela Douglas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
AB1078 Abdominal radiographs understimate the prevalence of paget’s disease of bone in a fifht of patients
Authors: M. Gobbo, N. Guañabens, D. Rotés, S. Holgado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The most frequent skeletal localizations of Paget’s disease of bone (PDB) are the pelvis, lumbar spine and proximal femur. Thus, an x-ray including these locations, such as an abdominal radiograph, allows the identification of the disease with a high probability. However, according to previous studies, only 60 to 90% of the global skeletal affection by PDB is included in the area of an abdominal radiograph [1]. In order toknow with certainty the real prevalence of PDB in any population, usually assessed by abdominal radiographs, we need to know the percentage of patients with PDB without pagetic affection of bones included in an abdominal x-ray. <h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate the percentage of PBD patients without skeletal affection in the pelvis, lumbar spine and/or proximal femur to assess the underestimation of the prevalence of PDB assessed by abdominal radiographs. <h3>Methods</h3> Transversal descriptive study based on medical records of 602 patients from the Spanish National PBD Register [2]. We included consecutive patients with a skeletal radionuclide scintigraphy and alkaline phosphatase measurement in the year of the diagnosis. We excluded patients treated with bisphosphonates or calcitonin in the previous five years. A central lecture of scintigraphies was made by expert rheumatologists, who identified the pagetic bones included in an abdominal radiograph and in the whole skeleton. <h3>Results</h3> 214 (36%) bone scans were analyzed. There were not significant differences (p&gt;0.25) between the included patients and patients from the Register in age, gender and time from diagnosis. The percentage of patients with PDB in the lumbar spine, pelvis and/or proximal femur was 80% (IC 95%: [74%&gt;85%]), without differences by gender. This implies that 1/5 of patients are not diagnosed of PDB if only abdominal x-rays are analyzed. New PDB prevalence estimation in Spain is 1.2% (0.9%&gt;1.6%), being 1.5% (1%&gt;2.1%) in men and 1% (0.7%&gt;1.5%) in women. Figure 1 shows the percentage of patients with pagetic involvement in each area. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Evaluation by abdominal x-rays underestimates 1/5 of patients with Paget’s disease of bone. According to these data, the prevalence of this disease in Spain is 1.2%. This study provides the clues for estimating the real prevalence of Paget’s disease worldwide. <h3>References</h3> Gennari L, Di Stefano M, Merlotti D, et al. Prevalence of Paget’s disease of bone in Italy. J Bone Miner Res 2005; 20(10):1845-1850. Guañabens N, Garrido J, Gobbo M, et al. Prevalence of Paget’s disease of bone in Spain. Bone 2008; 43(6):1845-1850. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A memorable family: See first ...
Authors: F S. Perry
Journal: BMJ (1998)

We did a great deal of home visiting in those days. This was expected by the patients and accepted by the doctors. There was, however, one family that tried us sorely. They lived in an isolated cottage and had no transport. At least once a week they would call around 4 00 pm asking for a visit to one of their numerous children who was usually found to have a cold. They wanted the doctor to come within the hour so that there would be time for father to cycle to the chemist before it closed. They resisted all suggestions that they should change from prescribing to dispensing and whichever doctor made the visit found on returning to the surgery that several patients had endured an extra 45 minutes’ wait while he had been away. The problem remained unresolved despite several requests that calls should be made earlier in the day if a visit was needed. Finally, at a partners’ meeting it was decided that the next doctor to see the family should tell them that we proposed to transfer their care to another practice which was based slightly nearer to their home. Three days later I found myself driving to the cottage rehearsing this valedictory message. The door was opened by a child of about 6 with a runny nose and impetigo. The subject of the summons was a younger brother aged 15 months. He lay perfectly still and eyed me reproachfully. He had signs of acute appendicitis, which even 40 years ago was an extremely rare condition in one so young. Meanwhile his mother lay on a sofa silently watching. She looked dreadful. She had acute rheumatic fever. Mother and child were taken to hospital in one ambulance. 

As doctors we learnt several lessons from that afternoon, the chief being that you should never jump to a conclusion without seeing the patient. The family too seemed to benefit from their experience because they remained on our list and made no more late afternoon calls.
972 IGG4-POSITIVE PLASMA CELLS CAN BE ELEVATED IN HILAR CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA AND PANCREATIC ADENOCARCINOMA AND DO NOT ALLOW DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN NEOPLASTIC AND AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE
Authors: Y. Resheq, A. Quaas, D. von Renteln, C. Schramm, A.W. Lohse, S. Lüth
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Hereditary Retinoblastoma: Host Resistance and Age at Onset&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E Matsunaga
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Age-specific incidence data from 244 bilateral and 31 familial unilateral cases of retinoblastoma were analyzed. In the bilateral cases, a high intraclass correlation between ages of the patients at diagnosis in the right and left eyes was noted, even after removal of the bias due to the fact that the diagnosis for each eye is never independent. This finding indicated strongly that the age at onset was largely determined by host factors common to both eyes. The mean ages of the patients at diagnosis of the inherited cases among the bilateral or unilateral group varied consistently with parental phenotype. This finding implied that inherited host resistance played an important role in the latency period for the gene carriers. The fraction of cases not yet diagnosed fit well to a negative exponential distribution, and in the less susceptible group with hereditary unilateral cases, tumor formation may have been suppressed about twice that in the most susceptible group with bilateral cases. It was argued that the presumed second hit initiating tumor formation in the gene carriers was not a mutational process, but probably an error in the process of differentiation that could be suppressed completely in the most resistant group who could remain unaffected, but that could not be suppressed completely in the less resistant group.
Abstract P5-03-05: Triple Negative Breast Cancer: Prognosis Dependent on Presenting Stage Rather Than Receptor Status
Authors: CM Hamm, G Poliquin, V Poliquin, M. El-masri
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the differences in survival and prognostic factors such as age at diagnosis, stage, size of tumor, mode of identification, treatment and family history between patients that have triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and those who are not (at least one positive marker). Methods: a retrospective chart review was conducted on 1018 eligible breast cancer patients who were diagnosed between 2000 and 2005 in Essex, Kent, and Lambton counties in Ontario. Results: Our demographic findings supported those of previous publications whereby age at diagnosis was younger for TNBC patients (53.2 vs 60.9 respectively; p &amp;lt; 0.001). The frequency of stage III cancer was higher among TNBC patients than that of other cancer patients (16.2% and 6.3%, respectively; p &amp;gt; 0.001). Frequency of self detection was higher among TNBC patients compared to patients with other cancers (76.8% and 56.4%, respectively; p &amp;lt;.001). Perhaps most importantly, while TNBC had had HR of 2.29 (95%CI = 1.33 - 2.93), the adjusted survival analysis suggested that there was no significant difference in the overall survival between the two groups (HR = 1.22; 95%CI = .63 - 2.39). The significant predictors of survival in the adjusted analysis were; age, stage of cancer, and size of cancer. Conclusions: We believe that this is the first indication that patients with TNBC do as well as their non-TNBC cohorts when matched for stage at presentation. Future studies need to focus on identification of patients who are at increased risk of TNBC so appropriate screening tests can be obtained. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-05.
Abstract 18405: Warfarin Dose Requirements and Polymorphisms in MicroRNA and Nuclear Receptor Genes
Authors: Payman Shahabi, Félix Lamothe, Stéphanie Dumas, Geraldine Asselin, Louis-Philippe Lemieux Perreault, Sylvie Provost, Yassamin Feroz Zada, Sylvie Perreault, Marie-Pierre Dubé
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background and Aim: The marked inter-individual variability in warfarin dose requirement is mainly attributed to the variants of the main target genes across the warfarin pharmacological pathway, i.e. cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 2C9, CYP3A4, ABCB1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1) and epoxide hydrolase 1 (EPHX1). The expression of these genes is primarily regulated by a complex network of nuclear receptors (NR) which are encoded, in turn, by polymorphic genes. Furthermore, microRNAs (miRNA) can reduce the expression of both warfarin target genes and the genes encoding NRs. We investigated whether the variants of genes encoding i) warfarin targets, ii) NRs involved in the regulation of the targets and iii) miRNA involved in the regulation of NRs and the targets, are associated with warfarin dose requirements. Methods and Results: The study was performed using the Quebec Warfarin Cohort consisting of 988 new warfarin users who were recruited over a period of 3 years and were followed-up for 12 months. The candidate genes were selected according to the literature and included 5 warfarin target genes, 9 NRs genes and 29 miRNA genes. SNPs with MAF&gt;0.01 within these genes were selected for the present study from the NCBI database. Genotyping was previously performed using Omni 2.5 array (Illumina, CA) and iPLEX ADME CYP2C9/VKORC1 panel (Agena, CA) and missing SNPs were imputed. We tested the effect of SNPs on the log-transformed values of dose at 3-month post-initiation using multivariate linear regression analysis, and the adjusted significance threshold was set to 2.49 x 10-4. A total of 3970 SNPs, including 702 in target genes, 3162 in NRs and 106 in miRNA genes were studied. For the association with warfarin dose, 137 SNPs in CYP2C9 and VKORC1 were significant, as well as 3 SNPs in nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene: rs4760658, β = -0,0852, P = 7,32x10-5; rs11168293, β = -0,0809, P = 1,78x10-4; rs4760655, β = -0,0799, P = 2,15x10-4. None of the variants in miRNA genes showed a significant association with warfarin dose. Conclusions: Variants in the gene encoding VDR, a nuclear receptor which has been previously shown to be involved in the regulation of CYP2C9, CYP3A4 and ABCB1, may contribute to the variability in response to warfarin.
Abstract 502: Schwann cells promote tumor cell invasion through regulation of the laminin receptorA6B1
Authors: Harsharon Chopra, Zyanya P. Espinosa Riquer, Anne E. Cress, Isis C. Sroka
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Tumor cell migration and invasion of nerves, a process known as perineural nerve invasion (PNI), is a major metastatic route for neurotropic cancers including prostate and pancreatic cancer. The laminin family of extracellular matrix glycoproteins derived from myelinating Schwann cells coat nerve axons and play a prominent role in the development and maintenance of the peripheral nervous system. Tumor cells undergoing PNI utilize the laminin rich nerves as they migrate and invade during metastasis. Evidence has shown that the A6B1 laminin receptor promotes tumor cell migration and invasion following cleavage of the receptor to form the variant A6pB1 by the serine protease urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). Here we demonstrate Schwann cell regulation of A6pB1 formation on prostate and pancreatic tumor cell lines. Conditioned medium from the S16 and S16Y cell lines, which are immortalized Schwann cells of the myelinating and non-myelinating phenotype, respectively was provided to the prostate and pancreatic tumor cell lines. It was observed that S16Y conditioned medium inhibited A6 conversion to A6p while the myelinating S16 cells increased cleavage of the receptor in DU-145, CF-PAC1 and PC-3 cancer cells. This effect was reversible as replenishing standard media conditions following a 24 hour treatment with S16 or S16Y media brought integrin cleavage levels back to steady state levels by 24 hours. Further, conditioned medium from S16 cells significantly increased pancreatic tumor cell invasion while S16Y conditioned medium decreased invasion in a modified Boyden chamber Matrigel assay. The increased invasion mediated by myelinating Schwann cells was dependent on A6 since a function blocking antibody targeting A6 inhibited invasion. Taken together these results suggest that myelinating Schwann cells (S16Y) in the pancreatic and prostatic nerve environment promote A6B1 and A6pB1 receptor dependent tumor cell invasion during PNI. (Supported in part by NIH CA23074 and CA159406 and HHMI Grant 52005889) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 502. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-502
Insulin and Proinsulin Secretion in Subjects With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance and a Mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) Mutation
Authors: Mark Walker, Robert W Taylor, Murray W Stewart, Laurie Bindoff, Patricia A Shearing, Victor Anyaoku, Margaret J Jackson, David B Humphriss, Desmond G Johnston, K George M M Alberti, Douglass M Turnbull
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)
Attributes of Excellent Attending-Physician Role Models
Authors: Scott M. Wright, David E. Kern, Ken Kolodner, Donna M. Howard, Frederick L. Brancati
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Although effective role models are important in medical education, little is known about the characteristics of physicians who serve as excellent clinical role models. We therefore conducted a case–control study to identify attributes that distinguish such physicians from their colleagues.
Treatment of Diversion Colitis with Short-Chain-Fatty Acid Irrigation
Authors: James M. Harig, Konrad H. Soergel, Richard A. Komorowski, Carol M. Wood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

A condition known as diversion colitis frequently develops in segments of the colorectum after surgical diversion of the fecal stream; it persists indefinitely unless the excluded segment is reanastomosed. The disease is characterized by bleeding from inflamed colonic mucosa that mimics the bleeding of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease, and it may culminate in stricture formation. We hypothesized that this condition is caused by the absence of luminal short-chain fatty acids, the preferred metabolic substrates of colonic epithelium. We studied four patients with diversion colitis, none of whom had evidence of Crohn's, idiopathic ulcerative, or infectious colitis. The excluded segment of the rectosigmoid contained negligible concentrations of short-chain fatty acids. When D-glucose was instilled, it did not undergo appreciable anaerobic fermentation. Instillation of a solution containing short-chain fatty acids twice daily resulted in the disappearance of symptoms and the inflammatory changes observed at endoscopy, over a period of four to six weeks. Remission has been maintained for up to 14 months (in one patient) by instillation daily to twice weekly. Administering enemas containing isotonic saline, or omitting treatment for periods of two to four weeks during the regimen, by contrast, did not produce any improvement or rapid relapse of the colitis. Histologic observation revealed a distinctive type of mucosal inflammation that resolved more slowly and less completely than the gross appearance of the inflamed mucosa. From these preliminary studies we infer that diversion colitis may represent an inflammatory state resulting from a nutritional deficiency in the lumen of the colonic epithelium, which is effectively treated by local application of short-chain fatty acids, the missing nutrients. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:23–8.)
Lysis of Human Normal and Sarcoma Cells in Tissue Culture by Normal Human Serum: Implications for Experiments in Human Tumor Immunology
Authors: Steven A. Rosenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Sera from 8 of 9 patients with osteogenic sarcoma equally lysed autologous tissue-cultured cells of both skin and osteosarcoma in the presence of complement. Of 155 normal human sera tested, 103 (66%) lysed allogeneic normal ksin in tissue culture. These antibodies appeared more prevalent in younger (96% in ages 11-20 yr) than older (33% in ages 41-50 yr) humans. The presence of these "natural" antibodies against normal and malignant cells growing in tissue culture was possibly directed against components adsorbed to the cells during tissue culture or to "new" cell-surface antigens expressed by these cells grown in tissue culture. These non-tumor-related neoantigens on normal and malignant cells in tissue culture represented a potential source of confusion in studies of the serologic response of humans to tumors.
THU0083 NF-KB-Inducing Kinase (NIK) Expression in Synovial Blood Vessels Correlates with Systemic Markers of Inflammation and Local Disease Activity in Early Arthritis Patients, but is not Disease Specific
Authors: K. I. Maijer, A. R. Noort, M. J. H. de Hair, C. van der Leij, K. P. M. van Zoest, D. M. Gerlag, M. Maas, P. P. Tak, S. W. Tas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The NF-κB family of transcription factors is strongly involved in synovial inflammation. We have previously shown that NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is a key regulator of inflammation-induced angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue (ST). <h3>Objectives</h3> In this study we investigated the expression of NIK in ST of early arthritis patients and individuals at risk of developing RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Arthroscopic synovial biopsy samples were obtained from early arthritis patients (arthritis duration&lt;1 year, disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug naïve). ST sections were stained for the expression of NIK and evaluated by digital image analysis. In addition, clinical assessment data such as CRP, ESR and swelling of the biopsied joint (score of 0 (no swelling) – 3 (severe swelling)) were collected. In a subset of these patients contrast enhanced MRI was performed in the same joint as ST samples were obtained and scored for hydrops, synovitis, edema, cartilage degeneration and erosions, each in 4-6 compartments. A score of 0-3 for each compartment was given and a total MRI score was calculated (0-81). Arthroscopic synovial biopsy samples were also obtained from 46 IgM-rheumatoid factor and/or anti-citrullinated peptide antibody positive individuals at risk for developing RA, who never had any evidence of arthritis upon physical examination. ST sections were stained for NIK and evaluated by semi quantitative analyses (positive or negative). <h3>Results</h3> 154 Early arthritis patients were included (RA (n=64), unclassified arthritis (n=61), crystal arthropathy (n=11), osteoarthritis (n=4) and spondyloarthritis (n=14)). NIK was predominantly expressed in endothelial cells of small blood vessels as described before. No significant difference was observed in baseline NIK expression between different classification groups. NIK expression correlated with ESR (r=0.214; p=0.006), CRP (r=0.207; p=0.008), swelling of the biopsied joint (r=0.297; p&lt;0.001), MRI hydrops (r=0.648; p&lt;0.001), MRI synovitis (r=0.629; p&lt;0.001) and MRI total score (r=0.568; p&lt;0.001). NIK expression did not significantly correlate with cartilage damage and erosion scores. In autoantibody-positive individuals synovial NIK expression at baseline was not associated with the development of arthritis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We established that synovial NIK expression is associated both with systemic markers of disease activity (ESR and CRP) and with local disease activity in DMARD-naive early arthritis patients, independent of the diagnosis. These findings underscore the importance of angiogenesis in synovial inflammation and identify NIK as a potential therapeutic target in arthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
A case of emphysematous gastritis
Authors: X. Verhelst, M. Cabooter, V. de Wilde, P. Laukens, H. Orlent
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 71-year-old man was referred with food intolerance leading to a weight loss of 12 kg. Three weeks earlier, he had presented at another hospital with severe upper abdominal pain and fever. He was treated with intravenous fluids and ciprofloxacin and recovered rapidly. CT imaging 3 weeks later showed mucosal edema of the stomach with air and fluid collections within the gastric wall ([ Fig. 1 ]). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (Olympus GIF H180) showed significant edema of the gastric mucosa, creating a tunnel view leading to the pylorus. In the antrum, two ulcer-like lesions covered by pus were observed along the greater curvature. Intubation of these lesions with a small-caliber scope (Olympus GIFXP180N) showed loosening of the gastric mucosa, which had a puff-pastry appearance ([ Video 1 ]). This led us to a diagnosis of emphysematous gastritis. Gram staining of the aspirated pus showed the presence of gram-positive cocci and bacilli. A culture grew Candida albicans. Treatment with piperacillin–tazobactam, metronidazole, and fluconazole was started and the patient was fed by nasojejunal tube. He ultimately had a full recovery, gaining 20 kg in weight over the ensuing year.
LEFT VENTRICULAR SIZE ON NON-CONTRAST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY PREDICTS LONG-TERM INCIDENCE OF HEART FAILURE: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Marcio Sommer Bittencourt, Ron Blankstein, Songshou Mao, Juan Rivera, Alain Bertoni, Leslee Shaw, Roger Blumenthal, Matthew Budoff, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Ara h1 T-Cell Epitope Identification in Peanut Allergic Patients
Authors: Manish Ramesh, Araya Yuenyongviwat, George N. Konstantinou, Jay Lieberman, Madhundra Sivakumar, Mariona Pascal, Madhan Masilamani, Hugh A. Sampson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)