tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Prospective Study of Tc-99m MIBI in the Differential Diagnosis of Pelvic Masses in Female Patients
Authors: JIAHE TIAN, JINMING ZHANG, LUXIA JIAO, YALI LI, LIMIN CAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Purpose This study evaluated the feasibility of Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of pelvic masses in female patients before operation. Methods Seventy-one patients with pelvic masses were studied with planar imaging over the abdomen and pelvis 5, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after injection of 740 MBq (20 mCi) Tc-99m MIBI. The uptake of the masses was graded, and other abnormal signs, such as intestinal involvement, lymph node involvement, or peritoneal fluid collection, were also considered in image interpretation. An exploratory laparotomy was performed 3 days to 2 weeks after imaging. The scintigraphic diagnosis was compared with that of computed tomography (CT), CA-125 measurement, and pathologic analysis. Results Forty-one of 46 pelvic masses with no activity were proved benign. Eighteen of 25 with a fixed, focal uptake were malignant. In 19 of 23 masses, intestinal activity noted within 30 minutes was caused by metastases. All three cases with lymph node involvement and six cases with ascites were confirmed malignant. Combining focal uptake with intestinal involvement correctly indicated 22 of 23 malignant conditions before operation, whereas negative scans identified 41 of 48 benign lesions. Four of seven false-positive lesions had a higher cellular component. The diagnostic performance of Tc-99m MIBI is better than that of CT and CA-125 tests, because CT had eight false-positive and three false-negative results, whereas CA-125 had 12 false-positive and 3 false-negative results, respectively. Conclusions Tc-99m MIBI is useful for differentiating benign and malignant pelvic masses in female patients. A fixed focal uptake or intestinal uptake of the radiotracer suggests malignancy, with diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of 95.6%, 85.4%, 88.7%, 75.9%, and 97.6%, respectively, in the current prospective study.
Hypoglycemia during Prolonged Exercise in Normal Men
Authors: Philip Felig, Ali Cherif, Akira Minagawa, John Wahren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Hypoglycemia (blood glucose <45 mg per deciliter [<2.5 mmol per liter]) occurred in seven of 19 healthy men who exercised to exhaustion on a cycle ergometer at 60 to 65 per cent of maximal aerobic power. The hypoglycemic subjects exercised for 15 to 70 minutes despite blood glucose levels of 25 to 48 mg per deciliter (1.4 to 2.7 mmol per liter), and their exhaustion time (mean ±S.E.M., 142±15 minutes) was not significantly different from that of the euglycemic group (165±11). Plasma epinephrine was inversely related to blood glucose (P<0.01) and was three times higher in the hypoglycemic subjects (P<0.05). Glucose ingestion (40 or 80 g per hour) prevented the hypoglycemia and resulted in a smaller rise in plasma epinephrine but did not alter perceived exertion or consistently delay exhaustion. We conclude that hypoglycemia occurs in normal subjects during prolonged exercise and results in an exaggerated rise in plasma epinephrine. However, hypoglycemia fails to affect endurance, and its prevention does not consistently delay exhaustion. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 306:895–900.)
Serum-Protein Abnormality in a Transplantable Plasmacytoma of the Syrian Golden Hamster
Authors: R S COTRAN, J G FORTNER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

This report describes the morphologic features and serum-protein alterations in a transplantable plasmacytoma of the Syrian golden hamster. The original tumor arose in the neck of a female hamster 25 months of age and was composed of mature and immature plasma cells. It was easily transplanted to untreated weanling hamsters, in which the histologic features were retained for many transplant generations. Growth of the tumor transplants was associated with the appearance of an abnormal protein in the serum. The protein had an electrophoretic mobility of a β-globulin and a sedimentation constant of 13.4.
Congenital Triple Kidney in a Patient Evaluated by F-18 FDG PET/CT for Oncologic Reason
Authors: Francesco Bertagna, Arturo Terzi, Giovanni Bosio, Silvia Lucchini, Raffaele Giubbini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We report a case of a 78-year-old man with a left apical lung mass suspected to be an adenocarcinoma previously evaluated by thorax computed tomography, who underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT as a staging study. It revealed the unexpected presence of 3 congenital kidneys, 1 on the left side and 2 on the right side.
Abstract 497: Loss of Notch-1 expression in human prostate epithelial cells results in reduced PTEN expression and altered differentiative capacity
Authors: C. William Angus, David F. Willis, Wenimar D. Salvador, Fred E. Bertrand
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Notch-1 is part of an evolutionarily ancient cell surface receptor signaling pathway that functions in the determination of stem/progenitor cell fate. The human genome encodes four Notch-receptors (Notch-1, -2, -3, and -4) and at least five Notch-ligands (Delta-1, -3, -4, Jagged-1, and-2). Signaling is initiated upon ligand binding to the Notch receptor, which results in a series of proteolytic cleavages that release constitutively active intracytoplamsic Notch (ICN). Nuclear translocation of ICN results in activation of the CBF-1 transcription factor which in turn increases expression of developmentally regulated transcription factors such as Hes-1 and Hey-1. The PTEN tumor suppressor gene is a recently identified Notch-1 target. We have reported that Notch-1 signaling increases expression of the PTEN tumor suppresser gene in prostate tumor cell lines and that Notch-1 signaling is lost in the tumor foci of prostate adenocarcinoma patients. To test the hypothesis that loss of Notch-1 will result in deregulation of normal prostate epithelial cell differentiation and promote tumorigenesis, a lentiviral vector bearing a Notch-1 shRNA (shN1) was used to stably knockdown Notch-1 expression in the benign human prostate epithelial cell line, RWPE-1. Western blotting revealed that RWPE-1/shN1 cells lacked Notch-1 expression, and exhibited reduced expression of Hes-1, confirming that loss of Notch-1 expression resulted in loss of Notch signaling. PTEN protein expression was also reduced, consistent with our previous studies demonstrating that Notch-1 signaling regulated PTEN expression. RT-PCR experiments verified that loss of PTEN expression was mediated at the level of transcription. RWPE-1/shN1 cells lacking Notch-1 expression exhibited a more rounded morphology, as compared with the parental cell line. Rhodamine-phalloidin staining revealed that RWPE-1/shN1 cells had less numerous and shorter cell surface actin projections. RWPE-1/shN1 cells lacking Notch-1 expression exhibited a 2-fold increase in acinar differentiation upon 3-D culture in matrigel as compared with the parental cell line. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that RWPE-1 cells without Notch-1 expression had reduced surface expression of TROP2 and CD149f. Preliminary RT-PCR results indicate that expression of the basal cell marker keratin-5 is reduced in RWPE-1/shN1 cells as compared with parental RWPE-1 cells. Our data suggest that loss Notch-1 expression, and hence loss of signaling, may promote developmental plasticity in prostate epithelial cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 497. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-497
Study of the Effects of Diphenylhydantoin Sodium on the Lungs
Authors: Samuel Livingston, Dennis Whitehouse, Lydia L. Pauli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

MERRITT and Putnam1 first reported the effectiveness of diphenylhydantoin sodium in the treatment of epilepsy in 1938. This drug is now widely used, and further experience has confirmed its great value in the control of epileptic seizures, especially major motor and psychomotor spells. A detailed discussion of the various untoward reactions that have been observed in association with diphenylhydantoin sodium therapy (in our clinic and also by other physicians) was presented by one of us in 1956.2 In 1959 Moore3 reported what he classified as a "toxic manifestation," not heretofore observed, caused by hydantoin drugs. He stated that 27 (87 . . .
PWE-182 Efficacy of argon plasma coagulation therapy for Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia
Authors: S Salunke, P Phull
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Argon plasma coagulation (APC) is an established endoscopic therapy for various gastrointestinal disorders but with varied success in the management of Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE). The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of APC in the management of patients with GAVE. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective audit of upper GI endoscopies (UGIE) performed at our institution between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2011. Data were extracted from the endoscopy reporting software (Unisoft) database using search term “argon plasma coagulation.” The case notes were reviewed for those patients undergoing APC for a diagnosis of GAVE. <h3>Results</h3> 306 episodes of APC were noted on 127 patients. Of these 135 APC sessions were performed on 30 patients for management of GAVE. Of the 30 patients 17 (57%) were women. The median age was 68 (range 44–89) years. Co-morbidities included chronic kidney disease in 9 (30%), chronic liver disease in 7 (23%), malignancy in 4 (13%), scleroderma in 3 (10%). Seven (23%) patients were on Aspirin, 1 (3%) on Clopidogrel, 1 (3%) on Clopidogrel and Aspirin and 2 (7%) on Warfarin. The indication for index UGIE was anaemia in 23 (77%) cases, iron deficiency without anaemia in 2 (7%) and acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in 5 (17%). APC therapy was applied at 50–65 watts. A cluster of multiple sessions of APC was treated as “one cycle” of therapy. APC was applied with success in single cycle lasting over a median period of 2 (range 0–30) months with median of 3 (range 1–24) APC sessions. Six (20%) patients required a single session of APC. The median follow-up period was 26.5 (range 1–59) months. We noted mean haemoglobin (Hb) rise of 22% and Hb normalised in 57% cases. In 3 (10%) patients symptomatic anaemia recurred and two of them required one further cycle and one required two cycles of APC therapy. There was no significant difference in the index Hb and number of APC sessions required between men and women. However, 13 out of 17 (75%) women normalised their Hb at the end of therapy while only four out of 13 (31%) of men could achieve normal Hb at the end of treatment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Argon plasma coagualtion appears to be an effective therapy for patients with Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Timing of Sentinel Lymphadenectomy in Cutaneous Melanoma
Authors: Maile J Sera, Cyndee Yonehara, Shane Morita, P Jehoon Ko, Jan H Wong
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

The conduct of sentinel lymphadenectomy for cutaneous melanoma varies substantially among the medical disciplines. The authors sought to characterize the number of hot spots identified during preoperative lymphoscintigraphy for cutaneous melanoma and to determine its relation to the harvesting of sentinel lymph nodes.Sixty-nine patients with cutaneous melanoma underwent lymphoscintigraphy with filtered Tc-99m sulfur colloid before sentinel lymphadenectomy. The lymphoscintigrams were reviewed and the number of hot spots visualized over time and the number of sentinel nodes harvested were determined.Lymphoscintigraphy identified 79 patients with 87 lymphatic basins at risk for metastatic disease. Lymphoscintigraphy was performed in a mean time of 30 minutes (range, 15 to 40 minutes). The mean number of hot spots increased from 0.2 to 2.0 hot spots 40 minutes after the initial static image, but the number of hot spots stabilized between 20 and 40 minutes. The same number of sentinel nodes as hot spots visualized were harvested in 58% of patients. Fewer sentinel nodes were identified at the time of surgery than were visualized by lymphoscintigrams in 39% of patients.More hot spots were identified up to 40 minutes after the initiation of lymphoscintigraphy. Sentinel lymphadenectomy can be performed as near to 40 minutes after the initiation of lymphoscintigraphy as is logistically reasonable. However, there may be substantial latitude in delayed performance of sentinel lymphadenectomy.
Studies in Subjects with Long-Term Nonprogressive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Giuseppe Pantaleo, Stefano Menzo, Mauro Vaccarezza, Cecilia Graziosi, Oren J. Cohen, James F. Demarest, David Montefiori, Jan M. Orenstein, Cecil Fox, Lewis K. Schrager, Joseph B. Margolick, Susan Buchbinder, Janis V. Giorgi, Anthony S. Fauci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

In a small percentage of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), there is no progression of disease and CD4+ T-cell counts remain stable for many years. Studies of the histopathological, virologic, and immunologic characteristics of these persons may provide insight into the pathogenic mechanisms that lead to HIV disease and the protective mechanisms that prevent progression to overt disease.
OP0012-PARE Using Social Costs of Msds as a Selling Point to Politicians
Authors: J. A. Holch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> <i>Historically and present MSDs have a hard time competing with highly mortal and visible diseases in a political context. Politicians simply give more attention to cancer, diabetes, COPD, etc. The battle for resources is even fiercer during the economic crisis. As a response, the Danish Rheumatism Association progressively makes use of a strong selling point to politicians: the immense volume of MSDs and hence, social costs.</i> <h3>Objectives</h3> MSDs such as Osteoarthritis (OA) and Back Pain can be characterized by their high prevalence affecting millions of people globally. In Denmark, public survey numbers indicate that OA affects as many as 19.7 per cent of the adult Danish population, while various forms of Back Pain affects 13.6 per cent of the adult population. On top of the substantial medical costs of MSDs significant social costs (the costs of MSDs on a societal level) follow. For instance, MSDs are the second most frequent cause for early retirement in Denmark costing society billions of kroner annually. Furthermore, lost productivity due to absence from work and pay/benefit expenses during sickness add to the equation of social costs. Making politicians improve and support better prevention, treatment and rehabilitation of MSD-patients in a time of economic crisis is difficult. Thus, as agents we need strong arguments to break through the overall discourse of financial restraint and consolidation. Pointing out social costs can serve as the winning argument, as investment in prevention and early intervention will often turn out cost-neutral or even with a surplus in the end. <h3>Results</h3> The presentation will give two examples of analyses carried out by the Danish Rheumatism Association. The first study examines the social costs of Back Pain using public survey data in combination with register data. Examining prevalence of Back Pain and its consequences in terms of cost of treatment, productivity loss and public expenditure on benefits, the study concludes that Back Pain cost Danish society close to 17 billion DKK (€ 2.2 billion) annually. The second study looks at rehabilitation and the potential cost-benefits of implementing improved rehabilitation programs for MSD-patients. The study indicates that by implementing an evidence-based, interdisciplinary program on a local level, society could overall benefit 1.2 billion DKK (€ 160 million) annually. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Finally, the presentation will address the prospects and challenges of using social cost analysis as a political campaigning tool. As the two examples show, there are easily understandable, substantial arguments that support better prevention and treatment of MSDs, but are politicians ready to (re)think health care on a much broader level? <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0156 What’s new in clinical management of autoinflammatory diseases
Authors: M. Gattorno
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Under the term of monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes are gathered a number of different conditions secondary to mutations of genes coding for proteins that play a pivotal role in the regulation of the inflammatory response. Some of them are characterized by recurrent flares of systemic inflammation presenting as sudden fever episodes associated with a dramatic elevation of acute phase reactants and with a number of clinical manifestations, such as rash, serositis (peritonitis, pleuritis), lymphadenopathy, arthritis. Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), Mevalonate-kinase deficiency (MKD), and Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS) are the three monogenic disorders gathered under the term of hereditary recurrent fevers. In other disorders, systemic inflammation is dominated by a characteristic urticarial rash that may be associated with a number of other clinical manifestations. Familiar Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells Syndrome (MWS) and Chronic Infantile Neurological Cutaneous and Articular Syndrome (CINCA) represent the clinical spectrum associated to gain-of-function mutations of a gene named NLRP3 coding for a protein called Cryopyrin. Cryopyrin is crucial for the activation and secretion of the active form of one of the most potent pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1b. A clinical phenotype similar to that observed in Familiar Cold Autoinflammatory Syndrome (FCAS2) has been observed also in patients carrying mutation of NLRP12 gene. Blau's syndrome, includes noncaseating granulomatous inflammation affecting the joint, skin, and uveal tract and is associated with mutations of the NACHT domain of the gene CARD15 (or NOD2). Finally, other very rare disorders are dominated by the presence of sterile pyogen abscesses prevalently affecting skin, joints and bones (pyogenic disorders). This include the Pyogenic Sterile Arthritis, Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Acne (PAPA) syndrome associated to mutations of the CD2-binding protein 1 (CD2BP1) gene. Deficiency of the interleukin-1–receptor antagonist (DIRA) is the more recently identified autosomal recessive autoinflammatory syndrome. It is characterized by very severe systemic inflammation that begins around birth with multifocal osteomyelitis, periostitis, and pustulosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> M. Gattorno Grant/Research support from: Novartis for Eurofever, Consultant for: Novartis, Sobi, Speakers Bureau: Novartis, Sobi
Abstract 2048: Phosphorylation and regulation of PTEN by Polo-like kinase 1
Authors: Byeong Hyeok Choi, Kyung S. Lee, Wei Dai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The tumor suppressor PTEN plays a critical role in the regulation of cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenisis. Deregulated expression and/or activities frequently result in tumor development. Several recent studies have revealed that PTEN also localizes to the nucleus and that nuclear PTEN may regulate the level and activity of mitotic checkpoint proteins, thus suppressing chromosomal instability during cell division. However, the mechanism by which PTEN is translocated to the nucleus remains unclear. Given that PTEN is heavily phosphorylated and that Plk1 is an important mitotic kinase, we have asked whether Plk1 directly phosphorylates PTEN and whether Plk1-mediated phosphorylation of PTEN functions as an important regulatory mechanism during cell division. Here we report that a significant fraction of PTEN localized to nuclear chromatin. The chromatin association of PTEN was enhanced during mitosis, which was correlated with an increase in PTEN phosphorylation at threonine 366 (T366) and serine 370 (S370). Using purified recombinant proteins, we demonsatrated that Plk1 was at least partly responsible for this phosphorylation. Plk1 strongly catalyzed the incorporation of 32P into PTEN, resulting in increased signals detected by a phospho-specific antibody that recognized T366/S370 phosphorylation. Furthermore, BI-2536, a potent Plk1 inhibitor, significantly blocked PTEN phosphorylation by Plk1 in vitro, as well as its chromatin association in vivo. Combined, these results strongly suggest that Plk1 phosphorylates PTEN at T366 and/or S370 and that this phosphorylation promotes its association with chromatin during the cell cycle. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2048. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2048
SAT0411 A spondyloarthritis research consortium of canada (SPARCC)-score cut-off ≥3 as best match for the ASAS definition of a positive MRI of the sacroiliac joints:
Authors: R. van den Berg, M. de Hooge, V. Navarro-Compán, M. Reijnierse, F. van Gaalen, T. Huizinga, D. van der Heijde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The definition of a "positive" or "negative" MRI of the SIJ-joints (MRI-SIJ) according to ASAS is recommended for use in daily practice<sup>1</sup>. However, in several clinical trials the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC)-score is used<sup>2</sup>. It would be useful to know which SPARCC-score is the best cut-off value as surrogate for the ASAS definition. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate which SPARCC cut-off value best matches the ASAS definition for a positive MRI-SIJ. <h3>Methods</h3> All MRI-SIJs of two time points of patients included in the SPondyloArthritis Caught Early (SPACE)-cohort in the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) were scored independently by 3 readers. The readers, blinded to the time sequence, scored the MRI-SIJs according to the ASAS definition (ASAS-pos) and the SPARCC-score. An MRI-SIJ was marked ASAS-pos if 2/3 readers scored positive. In this analysis, mean SPARCC-scores of the readers that also scored ASAS-pos for that particular case were used. Cross-tabs were used to analyse agreement between several SPARCC-score cut-off values (≥1, ≥2, ≥3 and ≥4) and ASAS-pos, which served as gold standard in this comparison. <h3>Results</h3> All available MRI-SIJs were used (n=238 in total; n=148 baseline MRI-SIJs; n=90 follow-up MRI-SIJs). The results of the different tested SPARCC cut-off values are presented in the table. A SPARCC cut-off value ≥2 resulted in 11 (4.6%) false-positive classifications and no false-negative classifications compared to ASAS-pos, while a cut-off of ≥4 resulted in 9 (3.8%) false-negative and 1 (0.4%) false-positive classifications. A SPARCC cut-off value ≥3 resulted in 1 (0.4%) false-positive classification and 4 (1.7%) false-negative classifications. We found very similar results if baseline MRI-SIJs and follow-up MRI-SIJs were analysed separately. <h3>Conclusions</h3> SPARCC cut-off values of ≥2, ≥3 or ≥4 have all high percentages of correctly classified patients (95.4%, 97.9% and 95.8%, respectively). A SPARCC cut-off value ≥3 shows most balanced misclassification and the highest agreement with the ASAS definition for positive MRI-SIJ. <h3>References</h3> Rudwaleit M et al. ARD 2009;68:1520-7. Maksymowych W. A&amp;R 2005;53:703-9 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared