tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Clinical Study On Rituximab for Probable and Proven EBV Disease Post Haematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation
Authors: Lanping Xu, Daihong Liu, Kaiyan Liu, Chunli Zhang, Fengrong Wang, Jingzhi Wang, Yu Wang, Huan Chen, Yuanyuan Zhang, Chenhua Yan, Wei Han, Yuhong Chen, Ting Zhao, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Xiaojun Huang
Journal: Blood (2012)
Human CD4+ CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Effectively Control Xenogeneic-GvHD Induced by Autologous T Cells in Rag2−/− γc−/− Immune-Deficient Mice.
Authors: Tuna Mutis, Rozemarijn S. van Rijn, Elles R. Simonetti, Tineke Aarts, Maarten Emmelot, Saskia B. Ebeling
Journal: Blood (2004)
Intravenous Busulfan-Based Myeloablative Conditioning Is Comparable to TBI-Based Regimen in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Recipients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Nationwide Retrospective Study From the Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Working Group of the Japan Society for Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Takuya Yamashita, Takahiro Fukuda, Shuichi Taniguchi, Kazuteru Ohashi, Saiko Kurosawa, Yasuo Morishima, Tokiko Nagamura, Hisashi Sakamaki, Yoshiko Atsuta, Akiyoshi Takami
Journal: Blood (2012)
Influence of Prophylactic Antibiotics Aiming at Gut Decontamination on Gastrointestinal Graft-Versus-Host Disease and Overall Survival Following Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Bertrand Routy, Caroline Letendre, Maxime Chenard-Poirier, Vikram Mehraj, David Enot, Khaled Guenda, Noemie Charbonneau Séguin, Kathia Gagnon, Silvy Lachance
Journal: Blood (2015)
Safety and Efficacy of Long-Term Open-Label Dosing of Romiplostim in Thrombocytopenic Pediatric Patients (Pts) with Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Authors: James B. Bussel, Michael D. Tarantino, Amy Geddis, Michael F. Guerrera, Alan K. Ikeda, Kun Nie, Janet Franklin, Melissa Eisen
Journal: Blood (2014)
Hospital Variation in Time to Epinephrine for Nonshockable In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Rohan Khera, Paul S. Chan, Michael Donnino, Saket Girotra
Journal: Circulation (2016)

For patients with in-hospital cardiac arrests attributable to nonshockable rhythms, delays in epinephrine administration beyond 5 minutes is associated with worse survival. However, the extent of hospital variation in delayed epinephrine administration and its effect on hospital-level outcomes is unknown.
Pterostilbene: A Novel Histone Deacetylase 1 Inhibitor (HDACi1) Demonstrating Efficacy in Multiple Myeloma.
Authors: Haiming Chen, Rui Hao, Eric Sanchez, Jing Shen, Mingjie Li, Jessica Wang, Emily Wong, Anoushka Adler, Mengyin Hu, Crystal Leung, Cathy S Wang, Zhi-Wei Li, Benjamin Bonavida, James R. Berenson
Journal: Blood (2009)
Direct Adoptive Transfer of Cytomegalovirus-Specific CTL from Unrelated Donors to Stem Cell Transplant Patients Following Selection by HLA-Peptide Tetramers.
Authors: Mark Cobbold, Persis Amrolia, Prem Mahendra, Colin Steward, Eduardo Olavarria, Julie Arrazi, Dorothy McDonald, Sudhir Tauro, John Goldman, Charles Craddock, Paul Moss
Journal: Blood (2004)
Tissue Origin of Igh/Myc Chromosomal Translocations in An Accelerated Pristane-Induced Plasma Cell Tumor Model using BALB/C-Bcl-Xl Transgenic Mice and the Inhibitory Effects of Defective Genes Governing Class Switch recombination in Ung and Aicda Knockout Mice.
Authors: Alexander L Kovalchuk, Rafael Casellas, Wendy duBois, Helena Tolarova, Petr F Hausner, Elizabeth Mushinski, Patrick J Nelson, Herbert Morse, Michael Potter
Journal: Blood (2008)
ATG and Statins Reduce Incidence of Severe Chronic Gvhd By Distinct Mechanisms Involving CXCL9 and Kynurenine Catabolism
Authors: Thomas Luft, Katharina Schmidt, Karl-Heinz Kellner, Aleksandar Radujkovic, Nicola Lehners, Mark-Alexander Schwarzbich, Ute Hegenbart, Anthony D. Ho, Peter Dreger
Journal: Blood (2015)
The Relationship Between the Regulation of TOB1 Gene with Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Cell Cycle in BCR-ABL Positive Cells
Authors: Cintia Do Couto Mascarenhas, Anderson Ferreira Cunha, Ana Flavia Brugnerotto, Sheley Gambero, Joao Machado-Neto, Adriana S. S. Duarte, Katia B. Pagnano, Fernando Ferreira Costa, Carmino Antonio De Souza
Journal: Blood (2012)
Clinical or Sub-Clinical Pancreatitis (PA) Associated with Nilotinib (Nb) As Frontline for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Authors: Mahran Shoukier, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Elias Jabbour, Alfonso Quintas-Cardama, Zeev Estrov, Tapan Kadia, Gautam Borthakur, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Steven M. Kornblau, Elizabeth M Burton, Susan O’Brien, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2011)
The Capacity of CMV-Specific T-Cells to Prevent Outgrowth of Clonogenic Human Colon Carcinoma Cells Co-Expressing CMVpp65 in-Vivo and Durably Suppress Established CMVpp65+ Tumor Xenografts Is Dose Dependant and Can Be Augmented by IL-15/IL-15Rα
Authors: Aisha Hasan, Annamalai Selvakumar, Gloria C Koo, Dana Bakalar, Richard J. O’Reilly
Journal: Blood (2011)
Bone Marrow Aspirates Alone without a Trephine Biopsy May be Insufficient for the Detection of Residual Leukemia Following Intensive Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Lalit Saini, Robert Turner, Loree Larratt, Joseph Brandwein, Marlene Ann Hamilton, Anthea Peters, Cynthia M Wu, Nancy Zhu, Jeffery M. Patterson, Lauren Bolster, Michael Mant, Bruce Ritchie, Elena Liew, Imran Mirza, Graeme R. Quest, Susan Nahirniak, Sunita Gosh, Irwindeep Sandhu
Journal: Blood (2014)
ATIM-18. PHASE I DOSE ESCALATION STUDY OF D2C7-IT ADMINISTERED INTRATUMORALLY VIA CONVECTION-ENHANCED DELIVERY (CED) FOR RECURRENT MALIGNANT GLIOMA (MG)
Authors: Annick Desjardins, Dina Randazzo, Vidya Chandramohan, John Sampson, Katherine Peters, Gordana Vlahovic, Stevie Threatt, James Herndon, Susan Boulton, Denise Lally-Goss, Patrick Healy, Eric Lipp, Allan Friedman, Henry Friedman, Darell Bigner
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

D2C7 immunotoxin (D2C7-IT) is a dual-specific recombinant immunotoxin comprising an EGFR-wt and mutant-specific (EGFRvIII) monoclonal antibody and a genetically engineered form of the Pseudomonas exotoxin, PE38-KDEL. The targeting moiety of this immunotoxin binds to EGFRwt and EGFRvIII. We report results of a phase 1 trial evaluating D2C7-IT delivered intratumorally by CED. Eligible patients are adults with recurrent supratentorial WHO grade III or IV MG; solitary tumor; ≥4 weeks after chemotherapy, bevacizumab or study drug; adequate organ function; and KPS≥70%. There is no limit in number of prior progressions. Two patients are enrolled per dose levels. As of 6/14/2016, 14 patients have been treated (2 each at dose levels 1, 2, 4, 5 and 6 and 4 at dose level 3). One dose limiting toxicity was observed, a grade 4 seizure (dose level 3). Adverse events possibly related to study include: seizure (grade 4, n=1; grade 1, n=1); headache (grade 3, n=2; grade 2, n=4; grade 1, n=3); elevated ALT (grade 3, n=1; grade 1, n=2); fatigue (grade 2, n=2; grade 1, n=2); visual field cut (grade 2, n=1; grade 1, n=2); elevated AST (grade 2, n=1; grade 1, n=1); cognitive difficulties (grade 2, n=1; grade 1, n=4); stroke (grade 2, n=1; grade 1, n=1); nausea (grade 1, n=3), hemiparesis (grade 1, n=3); one each of grade 2 lymphopenia, generalized muscle weakness, dysphasia, hemineglect, paresthesia, and venous thromboembolic event; and one each of grade 1 anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated alkaline phosphatase, blurred vision, vomiting, and gait difficulties. Ten patients remain alive with one patient disease-free more than 10 months after infusion. Infusion of D2C7-IT via CED is safe thus far and encouraging efficacy results are observed. Enrollment is ongoing.
Management and Supportive Care Measures of Adverse Events (AEs) in Higher-Risk MDS Patients (Pts) Treated with Azacitidine (AZA).
Authors: Valeria Santini, Pierre Fenaux, Ghulam J Mufti, Eva Hellström-Lindberg, Lewis B. Silverman, Alan List, Steven D. Gore, John F Seymour, Jay Backstrom, David McKenzie, C. L Beach
Journal: Blood (2008)
Defining the Incidence, Pathology and Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Disease Related to Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia and IgM MGUS
Authors: Josephine M. Vos, Robert R Manning, Kirsten Meid, Joshua Gustine, Christopher J Patterson, Philip Brodsky, Sandra Kanan, Marie José Kersten, Steven P Treon, Jorge J Castillo
Journal: Blood (2015)
Low Albumin, High Ferritin, and Thrombocytopenia Before Transplant Predict Non-Relapse Mortality (NRM) Independent of the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI).
Authors: Mohamed L Sorror, Barry E Storer, Gary Schoch, Brenda M Sandmaier, Paul J Martin, Bart L Scott, H. Joachim Deeg, Frederick R Appelbaum, David G Maloney, Rainer F Storb
Journal: Blood (2009)
A Phase IIb Study of ABT‐494, a Selective JAK‐1 Inhibitor, in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis and an Inadequate Response to Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Therapy
Authors: Joel M. Kremer, Paul Emery, Heidi S. Camp, Alan Friedman, Li Wang, Ahmed A. Othman, Nasser Khan, Aileen L. Pangan, Steven Jungerwirth, Edward C. Keystone
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of ABT‐494, a novel selective JAK‐1 inhibitor, with placebo in patients with moderate‐to‐severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and an inadequate response or intolerance to at least 1 anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF) agent. Methods In this 12‐week, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, dose‐ranging study, 276 RA patients receiving a stable dose of methotrexate (MTX) who had previously received treatment with at least 1 anti‐TNF agent were randomized equally to receive immediate‐release ABT‐494 at 3, 6, 12, or 18 mg twice daily or matching placebo twice daily. The primary end point was the proportion of patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria (achieving an ACR20 response) at week 12. Results At week 12, significantly more patients receiving ABT‐494 (53–71%) than those receiving placebo (34%) achieved an ACR20 response (by nonresponder imputation analysis) ( P &lt; 0.05), with a dose‐response relationship among all ABT‐494 doses ( P &lt; 0.001). ACR50 and ACR70 response rates were significantly higher in those receiving ABT‐494 (36–42% and 22–26%, respectively) than in those receiving placebo (16% and 4%, respectively). Changes from baseline in the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C‐reactive protein level (DAS28‐CRP) were significantly greater for all doses of ABT‐494 than for placebo ( P ≤ 0.01). Onset of action of ABT‐494 was rapid, with significant differences from placebo at week 2 both in ACR20 response rate (for 12 and 18 mg) and in change in the DAS28‐CRP ( P &lt; 0.001 for 6–18 mg). The most frequent adverse events (AEs) were headache, nausea, upper respiratory tract infection, and urinary tract infection. Infection rates were higher at higher doses of ABT‐494, but no infections were serious. No deaths were reported among those receiving ABT‐494. Conclusion In patients with an inadequate response or intolerance to anti‐TNF agents, ABT‐494 added to MTX showed rapid, dose‐dependent improvements in RA signs and symptoms, with safety and tolerability similar to those of other drugs of this class. No new AEs were identified.
Differential Suppressive Effects of Selective PI3K and mTOR and Dual PI3K/mTORC1/C2 Inhibition on Long-Term Cultured Primary Human Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells Implicate a Distinct Role of mTORC2.
Authors: Susanne Badura, Tamara Tesanovic, Heike Pfeifer, Catherine Hohnloser, Marcus Liebermann, Hubert Serve, Martin Ruthardt, Oliver G. Ottmann
Journal: Blood (2010)
Patterns of Expression of SHP-1 and JAK-2p in Myelodysplastic Syndromes: A Potential New Prognostic Factor.
Authors: Armando V. Mena-Duran, Lyudmila A. Bazhenova, Summanuna Togo, Jose Cervera-Zamora, Kelly J. Bethel, Jorge Nieva, Alan Saven, Tomas Mustelin, Miguel A. Sanz
Journal: Blood (2004)
Angiocrine Bmp2 signaling in murine liver controls normal iron homeostasis
Authors: Philipp-Sebastian Koch, Victor Olsavszky, Friederike Ulbrich, Carsten Sticht, Alexandra Demory, Thomas Leibing, Thomas Henzler, Mathias Meyer, Johanna Zierow, Sven Schneider, Katja Breitkopf-Heinlein, Haristi Gaitantzi, Bradley Spencer-Dene, Bernd Arnold, Kay Klapproth, Kai Schledzewski, Sergij Goerdt, Cyrill Géraud
Journal: Blood (2016)
Expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Related Chain (MIC) on Fresh and Cloned Myeloma Cells.
Authors: Masashi Okamoto, Tohru Inaba, Sonoko Nakano, Kyoko Namura, Noriko Yamada, Ryo Uchida, Shin-ichi Fuchida, Akira Okano, Naoya Ochiai, Thomas Spies, Chihiro Shimazaki
Journal: Blood (2004)
Increased Plasma IgE Accelerate Atherosclerosis in Secreted IgM Deficiency
Authors: Dimitrios Tsiantoulas, Ilze Bot, Maria Ozsvar-Kozma, Laura Göderle, Thomas Perkmann, Karsten Hartvigsen, Daniel H. Conrad, Johan Kuiper, Ziad Mallat, Christoph J. Binder
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Rationale: Deficiency of secreted IgM ( sIgM −/− ) accelerates atherosclerosis in Ldlr −/− mice. Several atheroprotective effects of increased levels of IgM antibodies have been suggested, including preventing inflammation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein and promoting apoptotic cell clearance. However, the mechanisms by which the lack of sIgM promotes lesion formation remain unknown. Objective: To identify the mechanisms by which sIgM deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis in mice. Methods and Results: We here show that both sIgM −/− and Ldlr −/− sIgM −/− mice develop increased plasma IgE titers because of impaired generation of B cells expressing the low-affinity IgE receptor CD23, which mediates the clearance of IgE antibodies. We further report that Ldlr −/− sIgM −/− mice exhibit increased numbers of activated mast cells and neutrophils in the perivascular area of atherosclerotic plaques. Treatment with an anti-IgE–neutralizing antibody fully reversed vascular inflammation and accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation in cholesterol-fed Ldlr −/− sIgM −/− mice. Conclusions: Thus, our data identify a previously unsuspected mechanism by which sIgM deficiency aggravates atherosclerosis.
Workloads threaten to undermine doctors’ training, GMC finds
Authors: Abi Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Increasingly heavy workloads are eroding the time doctors have for training, a survey of junior doctors conducted by the General Medical Council (GMC) has found.1

The GMC’s 2016 national training survey, published on Thursday 1 December, had 53 835 responses from doctors in training, from a possible 54 563—a response rate of 98.7%. The regulator found that while most doctors had a positive training experience, there were worries that an increasing workload was a threat to their training.

Of the doctors that responded to the …
Hip pain in a middle aged woman
Authors: James S B Kho, David C Howlett
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A 52 year old woman with a history of breast cancer has pain in her right hip after a minor fall. What does the radiograph of her right hip (fig 1⇓) show?



Fig 1  Radiograph of the right hip



The radiograph shows a pathological avulsion fracture of the lesser trochanter (fig 2⇓). There is proximal femoral lucency, which represents an underlying bone …
Asthma Among Employed Adults, by Industry and Occupation — 21 States, 2013
Authors: Katelynn E. Dodd, Jacek M. Mazurek
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Workers in various industries and occupations are at risk for work-related asthma* (1). Data from the 2006-2007 adult Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS), an in-depth asthma survey conducted with respondents who report an asthma diagnosis, from 33 states indicated that up to 48% of adult current asthma might be related to work and could therefore potentially be prevented (2). Identification of the industries and occupations with increased prevalence of asthma might inform work-related asthma intervention and prevention efforts. To assess the industry-specific and occupation-specific proportions of adults with current asthma by state, CDC analyzed data from the 2013 BRFSS industry and occupation module, collected from 21 states for participants aged ≥18 years who, at the time of the survey interview, were employed or had been out of work for <12 months. Among these respondents, 7.7% had current asthma; based on the Asthma Call-back Survey results, this finding means as many as 2.7 million U.S. workers might have asthma caused by or exacerbated by workplace conditions. State-specific variations in the prevalence of current asthma by industry and occupation were observed. By state, current asthma prevalence was highest among workers in the information industry (18.0%) in Massachusetts and in health care support occupations (21.5%) in Michigan. Analysis of BRFSS industry and occupation and optional asthma modules can be used to identify industries and occupations to assess for asthma among workers, identify workplace exposures, and guide the design and evaluation of effective work-related asthma prevention and education programs (1).
Inhibition of bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins increases NKG2D ligand MICA expression and sensitivity to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma cells: role of cMYC-IRF4-miR-125b interplay
Authors: Maria Pia Abruzzese, Maria Teresa Bilotta, Cinzia Fionda, Alessandra Zingoni, Alessandra Soriani, Elisabetta Vulpis, Cristiana Borrelli, Beatrice Zitti, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Maria Rosaria Ricciardi, Rosa Molfetta, Rossella Paolini, Angela Santoni, Marco Cippitelli
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2016)

Anti-cancer immune responses may contribute to the control of tumors after conventional chemotherapy, and different observations have indicated that chemotherapeutic agents can induce immune responses resulting in cancer cell death and immune-stimulatory side effects. Increasing experimental and clinical evidence highlight the importance of natural killer (NK) cells in immune responses toward multiple myeloma (MM), and combination therapies able to enhance the activity of NK cells against MM are showing promise in treating this hematologic cancer. The epigenetic readers of acetylated histones bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins are critical regulators of gene expression. In cancer, they can upregulate transcription of key oncogenes such as cMYC, IRF4, and BCL-2. In addition, the activity of these proteins can regulate the expression of osteoclastogenic cytokines during cancer progression. Here, we investigated the effect of BET bromodomain protein inhibition, on the expression of NK cell-activating ligands in MM cells. Five MM cell lines [SKO-007(J3), U266, RPMI-8226, ARP-1, JJN3] and CD138+ MM cells isolated from MM patients were used to investigate the activity of BET bromodomain inhibitors (BETi) (JQ1 and I-BET151) and of the selective BRD4-degrader proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) (ARV-825), on the expression and function of several NK cell-activating ligands (NKG2DLs and DNAM-1Ls), using flow cytometry, real-time PCR, transient transfections, and degranulation assays. Our results indicate that inhibition of BET proteins via small molecule inhibitors or their degradation via a hetero-bifunctional PROTAC probe can enhance the expression of MICA, a ligand of the NKG2D receptor, in human MM cell lines and primary malignant plasma cells, rendering myeloma cells more efficient to activate NK cell degranulation. Noteworthy, similar results were obtained using selective CBP/EP300 bromodomain inhibition. Mechanistically, we found that BETi-mediated inhibition of cMYC correlates with the upregulation of miR-125b-5p and the downregulation of the cMYC/miR-125b-5p target gene IRF4, a transcriptional repressor of MICA. These findings provide new insights on the immuno-mediated antitumor activities of BETi and further elucidate the molecular mechanisms that regulate NK cell-activating ligand expression in MM.
Polyclonal PRAME-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generated Using Protein-Spanning Pools of Overlapping Pentadecapeptides Target Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Concetta Quintarelli, Gianpietro Dotti, Biagio De Angelis, Valentina Hoyos, Fabrizio Pane, Martha P. Mims, Helen E. Heslop, Cliona M Rooney, Malcolm K Brenner, Barbara Savoldo
Journal: Blood (2008)
Identification of Genes Frequently Mutated In FL and DLBCL with Transcriptome, Genome and Exome Sequencing
Authors: Ryan D Morin, Maria Mendez-Lago, Andrew J Mungall, Nathalie A Johnson, Rodrigo Goya, Tesa Severson, Karen Mungall, Jianghong An, Oleksandr Yakovenko, Shaun Jackman, Martin Krzywinski, Malachi Griffith, Susanna Chan, Angela Tam, Duane Smailus, Helen McDonald, Michelle Moksa, Merrill Boyle, Bruce Woolcock, Thomas Zeng, Yongjun Zhao, Robert A Holt, Richard Moore, Jacqueline E Schein, Inanc Birol, Douglas E Horsman, Steven J Jones, Joseph M. Connors, Martin Hirst, Randy D. Gascoyne, Marco A Marra
Journal: Blood (2010)
High LDH Level, G6PD Deficiency and Absence of alpha-Thalassemia Are Significant Independent Risk Factors of Abnormally High Cerebral Velocities in Patients with Sickle Cell Anemia.
Authors: Francoise Bernaudin, Suzanne Verlhac, Lena Coïc, Cecile Arnaud, Annie Kamdem, Isabelle Hau, M.G. Neonato, Christophe Delacourt
Journal: Blood (2007)
ACTR-49. PHASE 1 SAFETY STUDY OF BLZ-100 FOR FLUORESCENCE-GUIDED RESECTION OF GLIOMA IN ADULT SUBJECTS
Authors: Dennis Miller, Chirag Patil, David Walker, David Kittle, Kaitlin Nufer, Miko Yamada, Pramod Butte, Tarl Prow, Julia Novak, Keith Black, Adam Mamelak
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Real time, fluorescence-guided resection (FGS) of brain cancer may improve extent of resection while minimizing brain injury. BLZ-100 is a near-infrared (NIR) imaging agent composed of the tumor-targeting peptide, chlorotoxin and the NIR fluorescent dye, indocyanine green. It has the potential to selectively label brain and other tumors. This Phase 1 dose escalation study characterized the safety and fluorescence imaging of BLZ-100 in adults with newly diagnosed or recurrent glioma. An IV injection was given before surgery (range 3 -29 hours). Dose escalation utilized a “3+3” design with 5 pre-specified dose levels. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as any ≥ Grade 3 BLZ-100 related adverse event (AE) within 7 days of dosing. Safety measures included AEs, laboratory measures, vital signs, and electrocardiograms. Fluorescent images were taken before and after resection (in situ) and of excised tissue (ex vivo) using a NIR camera system suitable for surgery. A total of 17 subjects were enrolled and received doses from 3 to 30 mg. No DLT was observed and none of the treatment-emergent AEs were associated with BLZ-100 dosing. There were 9 cases with WHO Grade III and IV disease and 8 with WHO grade I and II. Fluorescent signal in excised tumor samples increased with increasing dose, with robust fluorescence noted consistently at doses ≥18 mg. Fluorescence was noted in both early (day of) and late (next day) interval (time between imaging and excision) cases, however, the earlier time interval appeared better. Cases with high grade disease had more subjects positive (7/9) and more intense signal compared to those with low grade disease (3/8) based on both in situ and ex vivo imaging. The location of fluorescent signal in excised specimen was concordant with pathology confirmed tumor. These data support the potential use of BLZ-100 for FGS of gliomas.