tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prednisone (P) prophylaxis decreases incidence and severity of lenalidomide (L) induced flare reaction (flr) in patients with relapse (rel) or refractory (ref) chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: L. Musial, K. Miller, D. Depaolo, D. Swinnich, A. A. Chanan-Khan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

18512 Background: Flare reaction (flr) is a new side effect unique to CLL pts treated with immunomodulating agents both thalidomide (T) and L. It is characterized by tender swelling of disease involved lymph nodes (LN), spleen, rash, low-grade fever and/or increase in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC). Underlying biologic process remains unknown though it is postulated to be mediated through activation of immune effector cells and/or change in serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In a phase II clinical trial of L in rel/ref CLL pts we noted a high incidence of flr. Here we report treatment schema for flr and a new preventive approach employed in this study. Methods: A total of 35 pts are enrolled. No prophylaxis given to initial cohort (A). Pts were treated at onset of symptoms with (1) ibuprofen (Ib) 600 mg po q6 hours (2) oxycodone (oxy) 5–10 mg po prn q 6 hours. In subsequent cohort (B) we are investigating prophylactic use of P 20 mg PO QD starting day −1 × 5 days followed by 10 mg QD × 5 days. Results: All pts had rel or ref disease. Median age 63 (range 48–76) year. In cohort A (n = 29) overall incidence of flr was 79% (n = 23). Of these the severity was graded as I, II and III in 48%, 24%, and 7% respectively. There was no grade IV flr. Symptoms initiated within hours of intake of the 1st dose of L lasting for a median of 14 days (cycle 1 only). Pts were adequately managed with symptom resolution using Ib/oxy. Recurrence in cycle 2 was noted in 1 pt. Pain in LN was the most common complaint. Increase ALC noted in 2 pts. Serum cytokine analysis (n = 5) pre and post 7-days of L treatment showed significant increase in TNF-α, IL-10 and MIG. In cohort B (n = 6) 2 pts had flr (grade I) lasting ≤ 10 days. Conclusions: Prophylactic use of P results in decrease incidence, severity and duration of flr. There was no correlation with clinical response. Elevation of ALC can be part of the flr, pts response should be interpreted cautiously for disease progression. Our findings suggest that use of P may be an effective prophylactic maneuver for prevention of L induced flr. Updated results of cohort B will be presented at this meeting. [Table: see text]
Racial/ethnic disparities in lung cancer stage of diagnosis and survival
Authors: L. E. Raez, T. Koru-Sengul, G. Allen, J. Clarke, E. S. Santos, J. J. Hu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8080 Background: There are differences in the treatment outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts) between non-Hispanic whites (NHW) and African Americans (AA). Little is known regarding the outcomes of Hispanics (H). Methods: Registry data on 2,696 pts with NSCLC treated during 1999–2006 was obtained. The objective of the study was to evaluate differences in NSCLC survival according to different ethnicities. Chi-square was used to compare distribution of tumor stage. Survival curves were compared using log-rank test for each of the tumor stages. Adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported based on the results of a multivariate Cox regression model for overall survival (OS) with adjustment for gender, age at diagnosis, and race. Results: Most pts had stage III/IV at diagnosis; majority of the AA or HW presented in advanced stage compared with NHW. Significantly higher proportions of AA and H were diagnosed with stage IV compared to NHW ( Table ). Mean age at diagnosis was 62 yrs (AA 58, H 60, and NHW 66yrs) and it was significantly different among the 3 groups (one-way ANOVA, p&lt;0.0001). AA and H have significantly shorter stage-specific median survival for early stage compared to that in NHW ( Table ). In pts with advanced stages the pattern was similar: AA and H have a significantly shorter median survival than that in NHW. In early-stage pts, significant predictors for OS from multivariate Cox regression model were female gender (AHR=0.65; p&lt;0.001), AA (NHW as the referent group; AHR=2.67; p&lt;0.0001), and H (NHW as the referent group; AHR=2.01; p&lt;0.0001). In late-stage pts, significant predictors for OS were female gender (AHR=0.79; p=0.0002), AA (NHW as the referent group; AHR=1.53; p&lt;0.0001, and H (NHW as the referent group; AHR=1.28; p=0.0006). Conclusions: NHW pts had better OS than H and AA; we will evaluate whether gene expression profiles or presence of EGFR overexpression have an impact on racial/ethnic disparities in the outcome of NSCLC. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract IA20: Hypoxic influences on the tumor microenvironment
Authors: M. Celeste Simon
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Solid tumors typically develop hostile microenvironments characterized by irregular vascularization and poor oxygen (O2) and nutrient supply. Whereas normal cells modulate anabolic and catabolic pathways in response to changes in nutrient availability, cancer cells exhibit unregulated growth even under nutrient scarcity. Recent studies have demonstrated that constitutive activation of growth-promoting pathways results in dependence on unsaturated fatty acids for survival under O2 deprivation. In cancer cells, this dependence represents a critical metabolic vulnerability that could be exploited therapeutically. Here I will review how this dependence on unsaturated lipids is affected by the microenvironmental conditions faced by cancer cells, particularly in the setting of sarcomas. Citation Format: M. Celeste Simon. Hypoxic influences on the tumor microenvironment. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Function of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Progression; 2016 Jan 7–10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(15 Suppl):Abstract nr IA20.
Elevated BLyS Levels in Patients with Familial and Sporadic B-CLL: Correlation with BLyS Polymorphisms.
Authors: Anne J. Novak, Deanna M. Grote, Steven C. Ziesmer, Thomas E. Witzig, Shanafelt Tait, Timothy Call, Neil E. Kay, Diane F. Jelinek, James R. Cerhan, Stephen M. Ansell
Journal: Blood (2004)
The effect of naturopathic and nutritional supplement treatment on tumor response, control, and survival in prostate cancer patients treated with radiation therapy
Authors: T. C. Birdsall, L. Cain, J. Martin, S. M. Birdsall, L. Wiersum, K. Anderson, B. Eden, J. Flynn, D. Kelly, D. P. Braun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e16088 Background: Potential antagonism of clinical response to cancer treatment by naturopathic/nutritional supplements (NNS) with anti-oxidant activity has been suggested. This study assessed effects of NNS on tumor response to radiation therapy (RT) in prostate cancer patients (PCpts). Methods: Of 134 RT-treated PCpts with localized tumors, 69 received NNS (+NNS; median age=62.0 yrs) and 65 did not (-NNS; median age=61.5 yrs). Based on pre-RT PSA, 52low (4–10 ng); 13 intermediate (10–20 ng); and 4 high risk (&gt; 20 ng) PCpts were +NNS and 50, 10, and 5 low, intermediate &amp; high risk PCpts were -NNS. Tumor stages for +NNS were T1c (39%); T2a (44%); T2b (10%); T2c (5%) with 1 T3b tumor and were T1b (3%); T1c (46%); T2a (32%); T2b (12%); and, T2c (5%) with 1 T3a tumor for -NNS cohorts. RT consisted of external beam therapy (4500–5000 cGy) + HDR brachytherapy (600–650 cGy/fraction x 2–3 fractions) administered over 6–8 weeks. NNS regimens (range 1–7 antioxidants) included Green Tea Extract, Melatonin, high-potency multivitamins, vitamin C, and vitamin E. All pts were monitored ≥ 24 months post RT. Hormonal therapy (HT; oral bicalutamide (50 mg/day) ±leuprolide depot (22.5 mg IM q 3 months) as neoadjuvant or adjuvant HT was given to 39 (57%) and 38 (58%) PCpts in the +NNS and -NNS cohorts respectively. Results: For the +NNS cohort that did not receive HT, PSA levels were 5.05; 0.285; and 0.356 ng at pretreatment, nadir and ≥ 24 months followup respectively with PSA nadir at 27 months and median followup of 36 months. The corresponding values for the -NNS cohort were 5.6, 0.54, and 0.585 ng with PSA nadir at 25 months and median followup of 29.6 months. Differences were not statistically significant. For the +NNS cohort that did receive HT, PSA levels were 6.8, 0.03 and 0.12 ng at pretreatment, nadir and ≥ 24 months followup with median time to nadir = 4.3 months and median followup = 29.2 months. Corresponding values for -NNS cohort were 6.9, 0.03, and 0.11 with median time to nadir = 3.6 months and median followup = 30.5 months. Differences were also not statistically significant. Conclusions: This study shows that NNS with antioxidant activity do not interfere with clinical response to RT ± HT as definitive treatment for limited stage prostate cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase I/II Results of a Multicenter Trial of Perifosine (KRX-0401) + Bortezomib in Patients with Relapsed or Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Who Were Previously Relapsed from or Refractory to Bortezomib
Authors: Paul Richardson, Jeffrey Wolf, Andrzej Jakubowiak, Jeffrey Zonder, Sagar Lonial, David H Irwin, John Densmore, Amrita Krishnan, Noopur Raje, Michael H. Bar, Jeffrey P. Allerton, Robert Schlossman, Irene M. Ghobrial, Nikhil C. Munshi, Thomas Martin, Jacob Laubach, Kathy Colson, Sarah Dean, Deanna Tocco, Elizabeth Steinfield, Tara Kendall, Kimberly O’Riley, Teru Hideshima, Peter Sportelli, Lesa Gardner, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2008)
Many women with diabetes are unprepared for pregnancy complications, audit finds
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A large proportion of women with diabetes are inadequately prepared for pregnancy, as uncontrolled blood glucose and failure to take recommended doses of folic acid puts them and their babies at increased risk of complications, a UK audit has found.1

The annual National Pregnancy in Diabetes Audit measures the quality of care and outcomes in women with pregestational diabetes who are pregnant or planning pregnancy, by analysing data collected by antenatal diabetes services in England, Wales, and the Isle of Man.

The latest audit from 2015 analysed data on 3044 pregnancies in 3036 women with diabetes …
Tangled Up in Blue: Unraveling the Links Between Emotional Distress and Treatment Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Naomi S. Kane, Deborah H. Binko, Amit Shapira, Claire J. Hoogendoorn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

We conducted comprehensive assessments of emotional distress to examine relations with diabetes medication adherence over time.Ethnically and socioeconomically diverse adults treated for type 2 diabetes completed validated self-reports (SRs) for diabetes distress and depression, were administered semistructured depression interviews, and provided blood samples for A1C. Medication adherence among 104 participants was electronically monitored (EM) over the subsequent 3 months; validated SRs of medication adherence were also obtained. Hierarchical linear regression evaluated independent effects of diabetes distress and depression on adherence.Mean ± SD 3-month medication adherence was 76.1% ± 25.7% for EM and 83.7% ± 21.9% for SR. Higher levels of SR (P < 0.001) and interview-based (P < 0.05) depressive symptom severity (P < 0.05) and diabetes-related distress (P < 0.01) showed a significant bivariate association with EM and SR nonadherence. Regression models showed baseline diabetes distress was a significant independent predictor of EM (β = -0.29; P = 0.001) and SR adherence (β = -0.24; P < 0.02) at follow-up. SR depression was an independent predictor of EM and SR adherence and reduced the effects of diabetes distress to nonsignificance. Subsequent models indicated this effect was driven by somatic rather than cognitive-affective symptoms of depression. Results were consistent but weaker for interview-based depressive symptoms.Findings support diabetes-related distress and depression symptom severity as risk factors for type 2 diabetes medication nonadherence. Somatic symptoms captured by depression measures, but not cognitive-affective symptoms, independently predict nonadherence and should be further investigated as a potential link between emotional distress and nonadherence.
Ikaros Deficiency Enhances Notch Signaling in Host Antigen Presenting Cells and Differentially Regulates Gvhd and GVL Responses After Experimental BMT.
Authors: Tomomi Toubai, Yaping Sun, Isao Tawara, Chelsea Malter, Kathleen Lowler, Evelyn Nieves, Chen Liu, Ivan Maillard, Susan Winandy, Pavan Reddy
Journal: Blood (2009)
Adoptively transferred donor IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells augment, but IL-17 alleviates, acute graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Yifeng Cai, Shoubao Ma, Yuejun Liu, Huanle Gong, Qiao Cheng, Bo Hu, Yan Wu, Xiao Yu, Chen Dong, Kai Sun, Depei Wu, Haiyan Liu
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2016)
Serial Echocardiographic Assessment of Patients (Pts) with Relapsed Multiple Myeloma (RMM) Receiving Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone (Kd) Vs Bortezomib and Dexamethasone (Vd): A Substudy of the Phase 3 Endeavor Trial (NCT01568866)
Authors: Stuart D Russell, Alexander Lyon, Daniel J. Lenihan, Philippe Moreau, Douglas Joshua, Wee-Joo Chng, Antonio Palumbo, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Roman Hájek, Thierry Facon, Heinz Ludwig, Ludek Pour, Ruben Niesvizky, Albert Oriol, Laura Rosiñol, Aleksandr Suvorov, Gianluca Gaidano, Vesselina Goranova-Marinova, Heidi H. Gillenwater, Nehal Mohamed, Shibao Feng, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2015)
GW26-e5405 Establishment of Swine End-Stage Dilated Cardiomyopathy Model by Percutaneous Venous Intervention
Authors: Zili Meng, Jiatian Meng, Zhenya Shen, Aizhen Li, Hui Zhang, Yunsheng Yu, Xiaomei Teng, Yanchao Liu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Small Molecule Inhibitors of HER2 Inhibit Proliferative Signaling and Promote Apoptosis in Ph+ ALL
Authors: Mary E Irwin, Laura Nelson, Janice M Santiago-O'Farrill, Claudia P Miller, Doris R. Siwak, Gordon B. Mills, Shulin Li, Dennis P Hughes, Joya Chandra
Journal: Blood (2011)
Although substantial (qol) quality of life problems may occur due to acute and delayed complications of therapy for advanced head & neck squamous cancer, overall long term qol is good/acceptable
Authors: C. Taneja, P. Somasundar, S. Stager, E. Carroll, H. J. Wanebo, K. Radie-Keane, O. Nadeem
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

15510 Background: Patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCCA) have traditionally been treated with aggressive regimens of concurrent chemo-radiation, or more recently, induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemo-radiation, to achieve high rates of tumor control at our institution. Objectives: We initiated a QOL study in patients who were free of tumor and available for long term follow up with a focus on acute &amp; delayed complications and long term QOL observation. Methods: The study included 75 patients with stage III-IV HNSCCA treated with either concurrent chemo-radiation or induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemo-radiation at our institution. All patients had completed therapy and were considered free of disease at the time of survey. We were unable to complete the survey in 43 pts largely due to patient access problems or unavailability at time of survey. In the remaining 32 patients, the University of Washington QOL survey could be completed over the telephone. Two pts were excluded due to recent demonstration of recurrence. Additional information regarding acute toxicity during treatment was also recorded. Results: There were 11 women and 19 men with a median duration of follow up of 36 months (range 3–120 months) after completion of treatment. Early complications were associated with gastrostomy tube placement (5 leaks &amp; 6 infections,12/31 patients, 38.7%) and portacath placements (2 deep vein thrombosis requiring port removal and anticoagulation, 6.45%). No patients in this group were still dependent on their gastrostomy tube for nutrition at the time of follow up. Of note, 9% of patients were still smoking and drinking on a regular basis. The composite scores for 9 QOL domains ranged from 370–875, with a median score of 615/900. Major problem issues regarding QOL were associated saliva 11/31 (35.5%), swallowing 10/31 (32.2%), followed by mood 6/31 (19.3%), pain 5/31 (16.12%), chewing 4/31 (12.9%), local pain 5/31 (16.12%) and shoulder problems 5/31 (16.12%). Conclusion: Initial QOL problems in advanced HNSCCA appear related to surgical/chemo therapy related problems, whereas late QOL issues appear primarily related to radiation. Most patients however had a good or acceptable quality of life after treatment for advanced HNSCCA. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Expansion of Normal and Leukemic Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells by PTH Requires bFGF Activation of c-Kit and Its Downstream JAK2/STAT5 Signaling.
Authors: Tomer Itkin, Aya Ludin, Amir Schajnovitz, Alexander Kalinkovich, Orit Kollet, Douglas J Coffin, Thorsten Berg, Wanda Piacibello, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2009)
A large first-line, randomized, dose-finding, phase II study on thymosin-alpha 1 (T-alpha 1) plus dacarbazine (DTIC) with or without interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) compared to DTIC plus IFN-alpha in stage IV melanoma. Tumor response and survival results
Authors: R. Camerini, A. Mackiewicz, A. Testori, U. Trefzer, J. Jassem, V. Ferraresi, M. Maio, C. Garbe, A. Lange, P. Carminati
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8535 Background: Thymosin alpha 1 is an immunomodulatory compound that promotes T cell maturation and upregulates T cell response. Ta1 showed clinical potential benefit in a previous pilot study in melanoma patients. Methods: Phase II, randomized, stratified, open-study testing different doses of Ta1 in association with DTIC and IFNa, as first-line therapy in stage IV melanoma patients (AJCC 2001) without brain metastases. The primary endpoint is tumor response and secondary overall survival. Four arms were initially planned: DTIC + IFNa + 1.6 or 3.2 mg Ta1, DTIC + 3.2 mg Ta1, and DTIC + IFNa (control group). A dose-response effect in a preliminary analysis on 142 patients led to the addition of a fifth arm with DTIC + IFNa + 6.4 mg Ta1. Ninety-five patients were allocated to each arm to test the hypothesis that P 0 = 0.05 vs the alternative hypothesis that P 1 = 0.15 (alpha = 5%, within-group statistical analysis, power = 95%). The five groups were analyzed independently one from the other, nine responses representing the minimal threshold for rejecting the null hypothesis Patients received DTIC (800 mg/m 2 ) iv on day 1, Ta1 (1.6, 3.2 or 6.4 mg) sc on days 8–11 and 15–18, and IFNa (3 MIU) sc on days 11 and 18 during 28d cycles. Tumor response was evaluated every two cycles according to RECIST criteria, utilizing a central review. Results: Data of 483 pts (62% M1c; 25% M1b; 13% M1a) from 64 European sites are given in the table . Thirteen and 10 confirmed responses were observed for the DTIC+ 3.2 mg Ta1 and DTIC+ IFNa + 3.2 mg Ta1 arms (vs 5 in the control group) thus rejecting the null hypothesis that P 0 = 0.05. No additional toxicity with the addition of Ta1 was observed. Conclusions: These results suggest a potential survival advantage with the addition of Ta1 to ‘standard‘ treatment of stage IV melanoma patients. The role of Interferon alpha in this therapeutic association is debatable. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Enrolling African-American and Latino patients with asthma in comparative effectiveness research: Lessons learned from 8 patient-centered studies
Authors: C. Bradley Kramer, Lisa LeRoy, Sara Donahue, Andrea J. Apter, Tyra Bryant-Stephens, John P. Elder, Winifred J. Hamilton, Jerry A. Krishnan, Deborah Q. Shelef, James W. Stout, Kaharu Sumino, Stephen J. Teach, Alex D. Federman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Low-Carbohydrate Diet Impairs the Effect of Glucagon in the Treatment of Insulin-Induced Mild Hypoglycemia: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Ajenthen Ranjan, Signe Schmidt, Camilla Damm-Frydenberg, Isabelle Steineck, Trine Ryberg Clausen, Jens Juul Holst, Sten Madsbad, Kirsten Nørgaard
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE This study compared the ability of glucagon to restore plasma glucose (PG) after mild hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes on an isocaloric high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) versus a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Ten patients with insulin pump–treated type 1 diabetes randomly completed 1 week of the HCD (≥250 g/day) and 1 week of the LCD (≤50 g/day). After each week, mild hypoglycemia was induced by a subcutaneous insulin bolus in the fasting state. When PG reached 3.9 mmol/L, 100 µg glucagon was given subcutaneously, followed by 500 µg glucagon 2 h later. RESULTS Compared with the HCD, the LCD resulted in lower incremental rises in PG after the first (mean ± SEM: 1.3 ± 0.3 vs. 2.7 ± 0.4 mmol/L, P = 0.002) and second glucagon bolus (4.1 ± 0.2 vs. 5.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L, P = 0.002). No differences were observed between the diets regarding concentrations of insulin, glucagon, and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS The LCD reduces the treatment effect of glucagon on mild hypoglycemia. Carbohydrate intake should be considered when low-dose glucagon is used to correct hypoglycemia.
The Case for a Concerted Push to Reduce Place-Based Disparities in Smoking-Related Cancers
Authors: Kurt M. Ribisl, Douglas A. Luke, Lisa Henriksen
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

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Obinutuzumab (GA101) Plus CHOP Or FC In Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma: Final Data From The Maintenance Phase Of The Phase 1b GAUDI Study (BO21000)
Authors: Andrew Davies, John Radford, Guillaume Cartron, Franck Morschhauser, Gilles Andre Salles, Robert Marcus, Michael K Wenger, Guiyuan Lei, Elisabeth Wassner-Fritsch, Umberto Vitolo
Journal: Blood (2013)