tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early and systematic referral of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients to palliative care: Feasibility, acceptability and its impact on NQF/QOPI end of life metrics.
Authors: Faisal Musa, Julio Hajdenberg, Terra Warner, Phyllis Hall, Minesh Dinubhai Patel, Felipe Collazo-Pagan, Ajit Hansalia, Nicholas George Avgeropoulos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e17683 Background: Referrals to Palliative Care (PC) can result in better QOL outcomes and improvements in survival. The Institute of Medicine has endorsed more and earlier use of Hospice..We could not find any specific information in the literature regarding patients with brain neoplasms, regarding the early use of PC. Given the known morbidity and frequency of symptoms associated with this diagnosis, we decided to investigate prospectively the feasibility of referring patients with GBM to PC as part of our Quality Program. Prior to this project, referrals to palliative care were only made in the context of end of life care (EOL), and not in systematic fashion. Methods: We devised an eligibility algorithm for patients to be referred to PC for patients seen in 2014, including newly diagnosed patients or established patients..We measured acceptability and adherence to QOPI End of Life measures 43, 44, 45 and 47 in the group referred to PC. Results: With a program duration of only 12 months, we identified 64 GBM pts. Discussion about PC (EOL Meas #47) triggered by the algorithm, took place with 31 subjects. 66% of them accepted a referral to PC. 14/31 (45%)had 1 or more visits. 12/31 (38%) expired with a median time to death from discussion or first PCvisit of 45 days (ranges 4 -116). Conclusions: In our setting EARLY and SYSTEMATIC referral to PC is feasible and accepted by 2/3 of GBM identified by an algorithm. We have also observed that high QOPI/NQF EOL metrics scores are achieved by this approach. This represents a good opportunity to implement quality projects and programs that could lead to the improvement of general outcomes (ie: emotional distress and pain management) and end of life care. These results have potentially generalizable implications regarding better utilization of resources for patients with advanced cancers. EOL Measure N =12 (%) 43: Hospice Enrollment (HE) or PC Services 12 (100) 44: HE < 3 days of death 0 (0) 45: HE <7 days of death 1 (7) 47: HE, PC or documented discussion 12 (100)
PD-014 Final survival results and onset of neutropenia as an indicator of therapeutic effect in phase 2 of TAS-102 vs placebo with metastatic colorectal cancer (J003-10040030)
Authors: T. Yoshino, E. Shinozaki, K. Yamazaki, T. Nishina, Y. Komatsu, H. Baba, A. Tsuji, K. Yamaguchi, K. Muro, N. Sugimoto, Y. Tsuji, T. Moriwaki, T. Esaki, C. Hamada, T. Tanase, A. Ohtsu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Aflatoxin and Trichothecene Toxins: Skin Tumor Induction and Synergistic Acute Toxicity in White Mice
Authors: L. A. Lindenfelser, E. B. Lillehoj, H. R. Burmeister
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Toxic interactions of 3 naturally occurring mycotoxins were examined by the mouse skin tumor test and acute toxicity trials. Aflatoxin B1 (B1) functioned as a tumor-initiating substance; a single 25-µg dose applied before croton oil as promoter caused papilloma formation on more than half the test animals. Neither Fusarium toxin, T-2 toxin (T-2), or diacetoxyscirpenol served as initiating agents. These 2 mycotoxins acted as weak promoter substances on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]-anthracene (DMBA)-initiated mouse skin cells but not on mice treated with B1 as initiator. Either DMBA or B1 initiation followed by T-2 promotion (25 µg/dose) caused extensive skin damage and subsequent tolerance of the treated skin to elevated doses of T-2. In acute toxicity trials, combinations of B1 and T-2 produced a synergistic lethal response.
Economic evaluations of patient-navigation programs in cancer care.
Authors: Chloe Gerves-Pinquie, Anne Girault, Claude Sicotte, Etienne Minvielle
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

14 Background: Lack of coordination is challenging our health care systems. This is especially true in cancer care, which is based on multiple treatment alternatives and several types of patient-professional interactions. One recommendation is to develop patient navigation programs based on telemedicine in order to avoid costs that are due to under-coordination among providers and/or between patients and providers. The objective of our study was to identify the evidence on the economic impact of such programs in oncology, and to develop a methodological framework to conduct economic evaluations. Methods: We conducted a literature review, exploring articles indexed in Medline (2005-2015), and focusing on economic evaluations of navigation programs in oncology, with particular attention to the use of telemedicine. Results: Of the 14 studies included, nine were randomized controlled trials. Four studies adopted a societal perspective. Every study computed the direct costs of the program. Six studies included indirect costs in the total costs associated with the program, mainly based on patient productivity loss and travel cost. Only two papers included indirect costs associated with informal care. Two studies showed that patient navigation programs were less costly than standard care. Most of the total cost of patient navigation is attributable to direct medical costs (i.e. patient admission, diagnostic follow-up and medical intervention). Conclusions: More evidence is needed regarding the economic impact of navigation programs in oncology. This review provides some guidance for the design of economic evaluations. If these programs are funded through public resources, a societal perspective should be adopted since it covers the direct, indirect and intangible costs of the program. Furthermore, a key strategy will be to identify the most common situations of under-coordination occurring alongside the usual care pathway and measure avoidable costs. This advocates for an extended use of economic evaluations based on randomized controlled trials.
Assessment of Staffing, Services, and Partnerships of Local Health Departments — United States, 2015
Authors: Sarah J. Newman, Jiali Ye, Carolyn J. Leep, LaMar Hasbrouck, Carlos Zometa
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Beginning in 2008, the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO) periodically surveyed local health departments (LHDs) to assess the impact of the economic recession on jobs and budgets (1). In 2014, the survey was expanded to assess a wider range of factors affecting programs, services, and infrastructure in LHDs and renamed the Forces of Change survey (2). The survey was administered in to January-February 2015 to 948 LHDs across the United States to assess budget changes, job losses, changes in services, and collaboration with health care partners; 690 (73%) LHDs responded. Findings indicated a change in LHD infrastructure: compared with the previous fiscal year.* Overall, LHDs reported 3,400 jobs lost; 25% of LHDs reported budget decreases; 36% reported a reduction in at least one service area; and 35% reported serving fewer patients in clinics. In addition, up to 24% of LHDs reported expanding population-based prevention services, and LHDs reported exploring new collaborations with nonprofit hospitals and primary care providers (PCPs).
Human and Murine β-Defensin-Derived Peptides Induce Rapid Mobilization Of Murine Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Via Activation Of CXCR4 Signaling and CXCL12 Release
Authors: Amir Schajnovitz, Alexander Kalinkovich, Kfir Lapid, Alexander Berchanski, Tomer Itkin, Aya Ludin, Shiri Gur-Cohen, Karin Golan, Borja Saez, Orit Kollet, Kerstin Ahrens, Ehrahrdt Proksch, Aviva Lapidot, Matityahu Fridkin, David T. Scadden, Tsvee Lapidot
Journal: Blood (2013)
Computers
Authors: Lewis Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

YOU can make computers that are almost human, these days. In some respects they are superhuman: they can beat most of us at chess, memorize whole telephone books at a glance, compose music of a certain kind and write obscure poetry, diagnose heart ailments, send personal invitations to vast parties, even go transiently crazy. No one has yet programmed a computer to be of two minds about a hard problem, or to burst out laughing, but that may come. Sooner or later, there will be real human hardware, great whirring, clicking cabinets intelligent enough to read magazines and vote, able . . .
P-287 Nanoliposomal irinotecan (nal-IRI)-containing regimens versus nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line therapy in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPAC): a randomized, open-label phase 2 study
Authors: Dean Andrew, Ramanathan Ramesh, Belota Brooke, Belanger Bruce, Adib Deyaa, Bayever Eliel, Chen Li-Tzong
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Phase I study of ABT-199 (GDC-0199) in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL): Responses observed in diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL) at higher cohort doses.
Authors: Matthew Steven Davids, John Francis Seymour, John F. Gerecitano, Brad S. Kahl, John M. Pagel, William G. Wierda, Mary Ann Anderson, Nikita Rudersdorf, Lori A. Gressick, Nicholas P. Montalvo, Jianning Yang, Ming Zhu, Martin Dunbar, Elisa Cerri, Sari H. Enschede, Rod Humerickhouse, Andrew Warwick Roberts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

8522 Background: The anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 is a highly expressed in NHL and contributes to chemotherapy resistance. ABT-199 is a selective, orally bioavailable, small molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor that is a promising agent for the treatment of patients (pts) with NHL. Methods: Objectives of this Phase I, dose-escalation study include evaluations of safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and preliminary efficacy in pts with R/R NHL. ABT-199 was given on Week 1 Day -7 (W1D-7), followed by continuous, once-daily dosing from W1D1 until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. A 2 to 3 week lead-in period with stepwise dose titration was implemented. Final cohort doses of 200 - 900 mg have been evaluated. Results: As of December 4, 2013, 44 pts have been enrolled, 15 (35%) with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), 11 (26%) with FL, 10 (23%) with DLBCL, 4 (9%) with Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM), 2 (5%) with marginal zone (MZL), 1 (2%) with primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL), and 1 (2%) with multiple myeloma (MM). The most common AEs (≥20% of pts) were nausea (34%), upper respiratory tract infection (27%), diarrhea (25%), and fatigue (21%). Grade (G) 3/4 AEs occurring in >3 pts were anemia (14%), neutropenia (11%), and thrombocytopenia (9%). G 3/4 thrombocytopenia was not dose-dependent or dose-limiting. Two of 10 pts in cohort 5 experienced a DLT (G3 febrile neutropenia and G4 neutropenia) at the target dose of 600 mg. G3 laboratory tumor lysis syndrome was seen after the initial dose in 1 pt with bulky MCL (elevations in phosphate and potassium only) and 1 pt with DLBCL (elevations in phosphate and uric acid only). For the 40 pts evaluable for efficacy, the overall response rate was 48%, 9/12 MCL (1 CR); 3/11 FL; 3/9 DLBCL (1 CR); 3/4 WM (1 CR); 1/2 MZL; 0/1 PMBCL; 0/1 MM. All responses in DLBCL and FL pts were observed at doses ≥600 mg; 3/8 DLBCL (38%) and 3/6 FL (50%). Conclusions: ABT-199 monotherapy showed anti-tumor activity across the range of ABT-199 cohort doses for several NHL subtypes, most notably in MCL and WM. In DLBCL and FL, responses were observed at higher doses. Dose escalation is continuing to determine the MTD and RP2D. Clinical trial information: NCT01328626.
Manipulation of Leaf Characteristics Through Production—Role of Agriculture in Health-Related Tobacco Research&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T. C. Tso
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Manipulation of Leaf Characteristics Through Production—Role of Agriculture in Health-Related Tobacco Research Get access T. C. Tso T. C. Tso U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 1972, Pages 1811–1819, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.6.1811 Published: 01 June 1972
PD-022 FOLFOXIRI as primary treatment for locally advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer (LAPC): a prospective study
Authors: C. Vivaldi, E. Vasile, C. Caparello, V. Perrone, F. Caniglia, N. De Lio, C. Croce, L. Fornaro, G. Musettini, G. Pasquini, I. Pecora, M. Lencioni, C. Cappelli, D. Caramella, A. Falcone, U. Boggi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: D M Phillips
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. One of the most frequently isolated pathogens in gram-negative pneumonia, klebsiella can also cause urinary tract infections, intraabdominal infections, and respiratory tract infections. The organism has gained some renown in recent years as the original source of plasmids carrying extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes (scanning electron micrograph, ×16,000).
Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy in first-remission acute myeloid leukemia.
Authors: J Reiffers, M H Gaspard, D Maraninchi, M Michallet
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.7.979 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2661737 Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation versus chemotherapy in first-remission acute myeloid leukemia. J ReiffersxJ ReiffersSearch for articles by this author , M H GaspardxM H GaspardSearch for articles by this author , D MaraninchixD MaraninchiSearch for articles by this author , M MichalletxM MichalletSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.7.979 First Page PDF © 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Blunted Neural Response to Rewards as a Prospective Predictor of the Development of Depression in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Brady D. Nelson, Greg Perlman, Daniel N. Klein, Roman Kotov, Greg Hajcak
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

A blunted neural response to rewards has recently emerged as a potential mechanistic biomarker of adolescent depression. The reward positivity, an event-related potential elicited by feedback indicating monetary gain relative to loss, has been associated with risk for depression. The authors examined whether the reward positivity prospectively predicted the development of depression 18 months later in a large community sample of adolescent girls.The sample included 444 girls 13.5-15.5 years old with no lifetime history of a depressive disorder, along with a biological parent for each girl. At baseline, the adolescents' reward positivity was measured using a monetary guessing task, their current depressive symptoms were assessed using a self-report questionnaire, and the adolescents' and parents' lifetime psychiatric histories were evaluated with diagnostic interviews. The same interview and questionnaire were administered to the adolescents again approximately 18 months later.A blunted reward positivity at baseline predicted first-onset depressive disorder and greater depressive symptom scores 18 months later. The reward positivity was also a significant predictor independent of other prominent risk factors, including baseline depressive symptoms and adolescent and parental lifetime psychiatric history. The combination of a blunted reward positivity and greater depressive symptom scores at baseline provided the greatest positive predictive value for first-onset depressive disorder.This study provides strong converging evidence that a blunted neural response to rewards precedes adolescent-onset depression and symptom emergence. Blunted neural response may therefore constitute an important target for screening and prevention.
Absence of disease-specific survival improvement over time among breast cancer patients age 70 and older: 1990-2007.
Authors: Henry G. Kaplan, Judith April Malmgren, Mary K. Atwood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

1010 Background: 5 year disease specific survival (DSS) improvement among breast cancer (BC) patients has been observed over the past two decades. It is not known if this improvement extends to elderly women. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of BC patients from a dedicated BC registry database, years 1990-2007 (N = 1889). Chi square tests for bivariate proportional differences and Kaplan Meier survival analysis were used. The disease specific survival (DSS) endpoint was death from breast cancer. Results: Invasive breast cancer in patients age 65 and older was 62% mammography detected between 1990 and 2007 with no difference in detection method or stage by age (61% stage I, 27% stage II, 12% stage III). As age increased, patients were more often treated with surgery and radiation only [65-69 = 60%, 70-74 = 72%, 75-79 = 79%, 80+ = 82%, (p < .001)], and less often with chemotherapy [65-69 = 32%, 70-74 = 19%, 75-79 = 12%, 80+ = 82% (p < .001)] or hormonal therapy [65-69 = 74%, 70-74 = 71%, 75-79 = 66%, 80+ = 63% (p < .001)]. Patients 70 and older (n = 1302) had higher overall death rates [65-69 = 31%, 70-74 = 48%, 75-79 = 57%, 80+ = 62%] but an equal likelihood of breast cancer death [65-69 = 8%, 70-74 = 10%, 75-79 = 11%, 80+ = 7%]. Five year DSS improved significantly from 1990 to 2007 for patients age 65-69 from 93% to 98% but no improvement over time was observed among 70 and older patients (survival distribution equality test: p = .004). 5 year DSS did not improve over time for stage I breast cancer patients at any age. For stage II/III BC patients 5 year DSS only improved significantly over time for 65-69 year old patients [65-69: 1990-94 = 86%, 1995-99 = 94%, 2000-07 = 98% (p = .031) ; 70+: 1990-94 = 85%, 1995-99 = 90%, 2000-07 = 86% (p = .178)]. Conclusions: Breast cancer specific survival did not improve for higher stage breast cancer patients age 70 and older from 1990-2007, a time period in which both early detection and treatment improved. To improve survival in elderly women, consultation with oncologists regarding hormonal therapy options for estrogen receptor positive patients, early diagnosis by screening and development of tolerable treatment options for later stage disease are important priorities.
The impact of BCG vaccination on tuberculin skin test responses in children is age dependent: evidence to be considered when screening children for tuberculosis infection
Authors: James A Seddon, James Paton, Zohreh Nademi, Denis Keane, Bhanu Williams, Amanda Williams, Steven B Welch, Sue Liebeschutz, Anna Riddell, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Sanjay Patel, Nuria Martinez-Alier, Paddy McMaster, Beate Kampmann
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Following exposure to TB, contacts are screened to target preventive treatment at those at high risk of developing TB. The UK has recently revised its recommendations for screening and now advises a 5 mm tuberculin skin test (TST) cut-off irrespective of age or BCG status. We sought to evaluate the impact of BCG on TST responses in UK children exposed to TB and the performance of different TST cut-offs to predict interferon γ release assay (IGRA) positivity. <h3>Methods</h3> Children &lt;15 years old were recruited from 11 sites in the UK between January 2011 and December 2014 if exposed in their home to a source case with sputum smear or culture positive TB. Demographic details were collected and TST and IGRA undertaken. The impact of BCG vaccination on TST positivity was evaluated in IGRA-negative children, as was the performance of different TST cut-offs to predict IGRA positivity. <h3>Results</h3> Of 422 children recruited (median age 69 months; IQR: 32–113 months), 300 (71%) had been vaccinated with BCG. BCG vaccination affected the TST response in IGRA-negative children less than 5 years old but not in older children. A 5 mm TST cut-off demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in BCG-unvaccinated children, and an excellent negative predictive value but was associated with low specificity (62.7%; 95% CI 56.1% to 69.0%) in BCG-vaccinated children. For BCG-vaccinated children, a 10 mm cut-off provided a high negative predictive value (97.7%; 95% CI 94.2% to 99.4%) with the positive predictive value increasing with increasing age of the child. <h3>Discussion</h3> BCG vaccination had little impact on TST size in children over 5 years of age. The revised TST cut-off recommended in the recent revision to the UK TB guidelines demonstrates good sensitivity but is associated with impaired specificity in BCG-vaccinated children.
PD5-2-7: Hiperfractionated (HFRT) versus Standard Radiotherapy (SRT) in Locally Advanced (LA) NSCLC: a metaanalysis of randomized phase III trials
Authors: Federico Nasroulah, Juan M. O'connor, Maximiliano Van Kooten, Carlos Tajer, Reinaldo D. Chacon
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Committee on the Medical Aspects of Sports
Authors: Doug Saffir
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Brain imaging findings in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) – A systematic review on potential biomarkers for neurodegeneration
Authors: Julia Heller, Nikolina Brcina, Imis Dogan, Florian Holtbernd, Sandro Romanzetti, Jörg B. Schulz, Johannes Schiefer, Kathrin Reetz
Journal: Sleep Medicine Reviews (2016)
Can the economic crisis have an impact on tuberculosis in the EU/EEA?
Authors: M J van der Werf, J Giesecke, M Sprenger
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

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Cortisol secretion and dexamethasone response in depression
Authors: G M Asnis, E J Sachar, U Halbreich, R S Nathan, L Ostrow, F S Halpern
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors administered 2 mg of dexamethasone at 11:00 p.m. to 37 unmedicated hospitalized endogenously depressed patients and assessed their plasma cortisol response at 4:00 and 11:00 p.m. the next day. In addition, on nondexamethasone days 26 of these patients had mean 24-hour plasma cortisol concentration determinations from samples taken at 30-min intervals and 32 had plasma determinations from a single sample taken at 4:00 and 11:00 p.m. Mean 24-hour plasma cortisol concentration was elevated in 50%; only 7 of the 26 were dexamethasone resistant, and 6 of these 7 were hypersecretors. The authors suggest that dexamethasone resistance reflects the abnormality of cortisol hypersecretion in depression and that the 2-mg dexamethasone suppression test is a highly specific but not very sensitive indicator of hypersecretion.