tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P136 Comparison between primary care and secondary care spirometry
Authors: K. E. Backler, L. Leech, R. C. Buttery
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Spirometric testing in primary care is promoted by the QoF for GPs. The validity of such tests is questionable, due to numerous factors, including poor technique, machine maintenance and interpretive skills. The COPD Strategy supports the use of quality-assured spirometry in primary care. This study assesses the accuracy of primary care-based spirometry in referrals to our chest clinic and new Direct Access Pulmonary Function service. <h3>Aims</h3> To validate GP spirometry values with Secondary care values. To identify differences in diagnosis based on physiological measurements. To identify changes in severity status on COPD patients. <h3>Method</h3> An audit was conducted, comparing Spirometry performed in Primary care (various machines and various technicians) with Spirometry performed on the Masterscreen PFT (CareFusion) in Lung Function laboratory. Where appropriate, obstructive spirometry was classified using GOLD/NICE COPD guidelines. <h3>Results</h3> 37 patients identified. No Spirometry results from GP = 4 (11%) No change = 17 (46%) Changed = 16 (43%) Of the 16 that had their diagnosis changed: 5 (31%) classified as restrictive on referral, but were normal 4 (25%) classified obstructive on referral, but were normal 7 (44%) classified as normal on referral, but were obstructive Of all referrals which were classified as obstructive (22 patients), 64% had their GOLD severity changed: 8 maintained their severity as classified by GP spirometry (36%) 8 changed by 1 GOLD stage (36%) 6 changed 2 GOLD stages (27%) <h3>Conclusion</h3> For patients with COPD, the cost in treating patients varies with their disease severity. A change in severity staging would significantly alter the cost of treatment for Primary Care, by influencing the appropriate choice of treatment interventions. Correct diagnosis in primary care is fundamental to appropriate treatment and referral pathways for patients with respiratory disease. This study identifies a significant difference in physiological diagnosis achieved in secondary care and supports the need for more quality-assured pulmonary function testing.
Cytomegalovirus in Semen
Authors: David J. Lang, John F. Kummer, David P. Hartley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Cytomegalovirus-infected semen derived from a patient who had previously recovered from heterophil-antibody-negative cytomegalovirus mononucleosis contained spermatozoa whose motility was initially depressed, but returned to normal while cytomegalovirus persisted in high titer. The virus was found primarily in extracellular fluid of the semen, and virus particles were demonstrable by electron microscopy as extracellular aggregates. Virus persisted in semen for 14 months while the subject remained asymptomatic and sexually active. Cytomegalovirus was recovered from the uterine cervix of a sexual contact. These studies indicate that cytomegalovirus may persist in semen, probably in extracellular fluids, unassociated with clinical symptoms or apparent impairment of sperm function. The prolonged asymptomatic presence of cytomegalovirus in semen may result in unrecognized venereal transmission of this virus. (N Engl J Med 291:121–123, 1974)
Nuclear-Associated Plasmid, but Not Cell-Associated Plasmid, Is Correlated with Transgene Expression in Cultured Mammalian Cells
Authors: Molly B. James, Todd D. Giorgio
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2000)

Intracellular plasmid is rapidly incorporated into the nucleus of HeLa cells following cationic lipoplex transfection. CV1 cells are less effective in translocating plasmid to the nucleus and also express less transgene than HeLa cells. Cultured HeLa and CV1 cells and corresponding isolated nuclei were analyzed after transfection of a Cy3-labeled pGreenLantern plasmid (Cy3-pGL). Flow cytometry was used to measure both plasmid delivery and transgene expression from the plasmid encoding a CMV promoter-driven green fluorescent protein. During transfection, HeLa cells rapidly incorporated the plasmid, reaching a maximum of 80% Cy3-pGL positive cells 8 h posttransfection. The average Cy3-pGL-positive HeLa cell contained approximately 2470 plasmid copies. Forty-eight percent of the nuclei isolated from the transfected HeLa cells were positive for the plasmid marker after 8 h. In contrast to HeLa cells, fewer CV1 cells and CV1 nuclei incorporated plasmid DNA with peak transfection occurring after 12 h for 36% of the cells and after 8 h for 12% of the nuclei. However, the average Cy3-pGL-positive CV1 cell did not have a significantly different number of total cellular plasmid copies than the average positive HeLa cell. CV1 nuclei, however, had half as much nuclear associated plasmid as HeLa nuclei. HeLa cells are more efficient than CV1 cells at transporting plasmid from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. This study demonstrates the use of a novel quantitative method to study plasmid transport from the cytoplasm to the nucleus and the effect on transgene expression.
Abstract A13: Lineage-specific roles for the Ron receptor in prostate cancer
Authors: Andrew M. Paluch, Megan N. Thobe, Jerilyn K. Gray, Devikala Gurusamy, Susan E. Waltz
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among men in the United States due, in part, to its aggressiveness and resistance to therapy following a remission period. Receptor tyrosine kinases are emerging as potential therapeutics in prostate cancer. One of these receptors, the Ron receptor tyrosine kinase, has been shown to be overexpressed in a variety of cancers where it modulates many cellular functions relevant to cancer such as invasion, inflammation, angiogenesis, and proliferation. Ron is expressed primarily on epithelial cells and macrophages, which are both important in regulating the prostate tumor microenvironment. Our laboratory has shown recently that crossing mice lacking the Ron receptor (Ron TK−/−) to TRAMP+ mice, which develop prostate adenocarcinomas by 30 weeks of age, leads to a significant decrease in prostate tumor mass, tumor vascularization, and proangiogenic chemokine secretion relative to TRAMP+ control mice. In addition, we have shown that loss of Ron in the myeloid lineage (monocytes and granulocytes) leads to decreases in prostate tumor establishment using an orthotopic model of prostate cancer. Given this, we therefore wished to understand what role the Ron receptor plays in specific cell types relevant to prostate cancer progression. By knocking out Ron in the prostate epithelium or myeloid lineage (monocytes, macrophages, and granulocytes) and crossing these mice onto a TRAMP background, we hope to investigate the effect of lineage-specific loss of Ron in mediating prostate cancer development and progression. We hypothesize that Ron receptor signaling in the prostate epithelium and in myeloid cells promotes prostate tumorigenesis via interdependent mechanisms. By understanding the interdependent mechanisms of Ron signaling in the prostate epithelium and myeloid lineage, our studies will identify a potential novel signaling pathway, its combined and cell-type specific role in regulating prostate tumorigenesis, and suggest novel avenues for the development of new therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr A13.
Stat Bite Lung Cancer Mortality in Europe
Authors: J. Toms
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Stat Bite Lung Cancer Mortality in Europe Get access Jane Toms Jane Toms Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 7, 7 April 1993, Page 523, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.7.523 Published: 07 April 1993
Engineering the immune response to "self" for effective cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Shi Zhong, Karolina Malecek, Duane Moogk, Laura A Johnson, Zhiya Yu, Arsen Grigoryan, Eleazar Vega-Saenz de Miera, Farbod Darvishian, Wei Gu, Katelyn McGary, Kevin Huang, Joshua Boyer, Emily Corse, Shao Yongzhao, Steven A Rosenberg, Nicholas P Restifo, Timothy Cardozo, Alan Frey, Iman Osman, Michelle Krogsgaard
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts T cells play a critical role in host defense against viruses, intra- and extracellular microbes, and tumors. Because foreign antigen is presented amongst a vast majority of self-antigens, T cells have evolved the unique ability to discriminate "self" from "non-self" with high
Pioglitazone use and risk of bladder cancer: population based cohort study
Authors: Marco Tuccori, Kristian B Filion, Hui Yin, Oriana H Yu, Robert W Platt, Laurent Azoulay
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To determine whether pioglitazone compared with other antidiabetic drugs is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in people with type 2 diabetes. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Population based cohort study. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;General practices contributing data to the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;A cohort of 145 806 patients newly treated with antidiabetic drugs between 1 January 2000 and 31 July 2013, with follow-up until 31 July 2014. <b>Main outcome measures</b>&nbsp;The use of pioglitazone was treated as a time varying variable, with use lagged by one year for latency purposes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals of incident bladder cancer associated with pioglitazone overall and by both cumulative duration of use and cumulative dose. Similar analyses were conducted for rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione not previously associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;The cohort generated 689 616 person years of follow-up, during which 622 patients were newly diagnosed as having bladder cancer (crude incidence 90.2 per 100 000 person years). Compared with other antidiabetic drugs, pioglitazone was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (121.0 <i>v</i> 88.9 per 100 000 person years; hazard ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.22 to 2.19). Conversely, rosiglitazone was not associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer (86.2 <i>v</i> 88.9 per 100 000 person years; 1.10, 0.83 to 1.47). Duration-response and dose-response relations were observed for pioglitazone but not for rosiglitazone. <b>Conclusion</b>&nbsp;The results of this large population based study indicate that pioglitazone is associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer. The absence of an association with rosiglitazone suggests that the increased risk is drug specific and not a class effect.
THU0015 IL2RA Locus is Associated with Joint Damage in a Specific Rheumatoid Arthritis Phenotype
Authors: M. Lόpez-Lasanta, I. Gonzalez-Alvaro, J. Maymo, B. Fernández-Gutierrez, I. Ureña, F. Blanco, J. Cañete, M. Alperi-Lόpez, A. Olive, H. Corominas, J. Tornero, A. Erra, M. Almirall, N. Palau, A. Ortiz, G. Avila, L. Rodriguez-Rodriguez, A. Alonso, R. Tortosa, A. Julia, S. Marsal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Joint damage is a key pathological feature of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and is characterized by a high level of heterogeneity. There is recent evidence suggesting an association of <i>IL2RA</i> and <i>C5orf3</i> loci with the degree of joint destruction in RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> Using a large cohort of RA patients we have performed the validation of this two candidate genes for joint destruction and analyzed in relation to the main disease phenotypes. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 857 RA patients were recruited and their level of joint destruction was measured. The previously reported single nucleotide polymorphisms at <i>IL2RA</i> (rs2104286) and <i>C5orf30</i> (rs26232) loci were genotyped in the patient cohort using Taqman RealTime-PCR. The two loci were tested for association with the level of joint destruction using linear regression. Clinically relevant variables were analyzed independently with the level of joint damage and in relation to the genetic polymorphisms using linear regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> We found a highly significant association between <i>IL2RA</i> locus SNP rs2104286 with the level of joint destruction in RA (<i>P</i>=0.0017). In our cohort, variation at <i>C5orf30</i> locus did not show any evidence of association. Years of disease duration (<i>P</i>=2.6e-54), number of previous biological therapies (<i>P</i>=4.3e-9), body-mass index (BMI, <i>P</i>=6.9e-5), Anti-Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (ACPA) status (<i>P</i> =0.0001) and Rheumatoid Factor (RF) status (<i>P</i>=0.009) were also found to be significantly associated with the level of joint damage in RA. The genetic association between <i>IL2RA</i> locus and bone erosions was found to be restricted to autoantibody-positive (74% ACPA-positive, <i>P</i>=0.001; 74% RF-positive, <i>P</i>=0.004) and female (77%, <i>P</i> =0.01) patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of this study confirm the association of <i>IL2RA</i> with joint destruction in RA and suggest that this genetic variation is relevant to a specific patient phenotype. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness Strategic Project grants [PSE-010000-2006-6, IPT-010000-2010-36] and the Fondo de Investigaciόn Sanitaria grant [11/0551]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Abstract LB-73: Patient/Public Involvement in Cancer Research in the United Kingdom
Authors: Thomas Haswell
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Academic cancer research in the UK is structured around key organizations. The National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) is a ‘virtual institute’ that brings together government and charitable funders to set priorities and co-ordinate funding of cancer research. NCRI Clinical Studies Groups (CSGs), which provide the site-specific leadership to develop studies, will be adopted into the national portfolio of cancer studies as part of the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) if the funding is available. The NIHR National Cancer Research Network leads the delivery of research through research networks throughout the UK. Related groups and initiatives facilitate or carry out specific tasks in research development, management and monitoring. Patients have input at all levels and their voice has, throughout the history of NCRI &amp; NCRN, been considered critically important in developing research. The key principles from researchers and clinicians include working together with consumers as partners in the research effort, involving consumers in developing strategy as well as specific initiatives and studies, listening to the consumer voice on research needs and the experience of participating in research, and learning from experience to develop and increase the impact of the consumer role in cancer research. The NCRI Consumer Liaison Group brings together patient and caregiver members to support research development at all levels from the NCRI Board through CSGs to membership of individual Trial and Study Management groups. Impact has been captured in many narratives from researchers, clinicians and patients. Working together in a robust partnership is a particular strength of UK Cancer Research and forms the ideal platform to truly achieve research intended for patient betterment. This is recognized in the recent White Paper: ‘Equity and excellence: Liberating the NHS’. The organization's first decade of patient and public involvement is captured in the NCRI report: Patient, Carer &amp; Public Involvement in Cancer Research. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-73. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-73
SAT0254 Performance of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) Spondyloarthritis Classification Criteria in a Clinical Cohort of Patients
Authors: W. Bautista-Molano, R. Landewé, J. Londoño, C. Romero-Sánchez, R. Valle-Oñate, D. van der Heijde
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> ASAS classification criteria have been developed and validated to make an early classification of patients presenting with symptoms of spondyloarthritis (SpA), and to better distinguish between patients with predominantly axial SpA (axSpA) and predominantly peripheral SpA (pSpA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the performance of the criteria sets for SpA in a clinical cohort, according to the different available criteria sets (ASAS, ESSG, and Amor) and to assess how the ASAS classification criteria perform in daily clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> The cohort was established before the development of the ASAS SpA classification criteria, implying that there could not be selection towards the application of these criteria Patients with a clinical diagnosis of SpA attending a specialized rheumatology outpatient clinic were retrospectively classified. The group of patients who met all three criteria sets was compared to the group of patients who met neither. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 83.3% of the patients in the cohort (n=581) could be classified as SpA according to the ASAS criteria, 74.1% according to ESSG criteria and 53.1% according to Amor criteria (figure 1). Thirty four percent of patients had predominantly peripheral SpA. A high level of overlap between criteria sets was found and 46.8% (n= 272) of the patients fulfilled all three criteria sets. Those fulfilling the three criteria sets were older (p=0.047), had more SpA features (p=&lt;0.001) and had more frequently a history and presence of back pain, inflammatory back pain, enthesitis, and buttock pain (p=&lt;0.001). Characteristics such as the presence of inflammatory back pain, more SpA features and lower levels of C reactive protein (CRP), lead rheumatologist request an MRI of the SI joints and/or HLA-B27 testing. <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> ASAS criteria are more sensitive classifying patients as having SpA and perform better than the ESSG or Amor criteria with the rheumatologists' diagnosis as external standard. ASAS criteria perform well in clinical practice allowing physicians to make an early classification. <h3>References</h3> Rudwaleit M, <i>Ann Rheum Dis</i> 2009;68:777-83 Rudwaleit M, <i>Ann Rheum Dis</i> 2011;70:25-31 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P1007 SOLUBLE CD163, A MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION MARKER, IS INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND C
Authors: K. Kazankov, F. Barrera, H.J. Møller, B.M. Bibby, H. Vilstrup, J. George, H. Grønbæk
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
S32 Childhood Wheeze Phenotypes Can Be Usefully Sub-Classified Using Longitudinal Lung Function and Atopic Sensitisation Data. Evidence from the Southampton Women’s Survey
Authors: SA Collins, KC Pike, HM Inskip, KM Godfrey, G Roberts, JW Holloway, JS Lucas
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Epidemiological phenotypes for childhood wheeze were first proposed by the Tucson Children’s Respiratory Study (TCRS), describing four distinct phenotypes. A new, six phenotype, characterisation has recently been proposed by the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents And Children (ALSPAC). No previous cohort has included 1 year atopic sensitisation data with infant lung function in their analysis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To classify infant and 6 year lung function and allergic sensitisation data at 1, 3 and 6 years from the Southampton Women’s Survey (SWS) cohort according to the ALSPAC 6 class pheno type model. To contrast this with TCRS phenotypes to assess clinical and epidemiological utility. <h3>Methods</h3> At 6 years, 926 children had assessment of respiratory symptoms. Spirometry was measured in 791 children, with exhaled nitric oxide (n=589) and methacholine challenge (n=234). At 5–14 weeks of age 95 of these children had lung function measured. Symptom data on wheeze status obtained at 6m, 12m, 2y, 3y and 6y follow up classified children into groups proposed from analyses of ALSPAC (never, early, transient, intermediate-onset, late-onset and persistent wheeze). <h3>Results</h3> Persistent and intermediate-onset wheeze were significantly associated with atopy at 1, 3 and 6 years, and exhaled nitric oxide at 6 years. Late-onset wheeze was not associated with atopic sensitisation until 3 years. Persistent wheezers had lower infant(V’maxFRC p&lt;0.05) and 6 year lung function (FEV1, FEV1/FVC and FEF25–75, p&lt;0.05), whilst late- and intermediate-onsetwheezers showed no lung function deficits. Transient wheezers were non-atopic but showed persistent lung function deficits (FEF25–75, p&lt;0.05 and V′maxFRC, p&lt;0.001), except for those who wheezed only in the first year of life (early phenotype). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The SWS cohort data maps well into the ALSPAC phenotype classification, demonstrating useful subdivision of TCRS wheeze phenotypes. Lung function and atopy successfully differentiate persistent, late-onset and intermediate-onset wheeze, whilst the classical ‘transient early’ wheeze phenotype can be sub-classified into groups that reflect early lung function. This has potential significance for research into childhood wheeze and long term respiratory morbidity of children in these phenotypes.
A crosswalk from DSM-III-R to ICD-9-CM
Authors: J W Thompson, H Pincus
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The authors describe a crosswalk, or translation, from DSM-III-R to ICD-9-CM. They present differences in the purposes and formatting of these two documents and discuss different levels of compatibility between the two. They demonstrate several problems at the code, rubric, and case levels of compatibility. Ninety-seven percent of DSM-III-R codes are compatible with ICD-9-CM at the case level. The problems in most cases are minor, and in the authors' opinion are not problems in actual clinical or medical records use. The development of DSM-IV and ICD-10 should include attention to translation issues early in the process from the perspectives of clinical work, research, and medical records.