tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SP0103 Revisiting Gender Differences in Health Research: A Sociological Approach
Authors: C. N. Phellas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> It has been widely reported in medical sociology or medical epidemiology that in industrialized countries males tend to die earlier than females but that females tend to have higher rates of morbidity. The excess of female over male morbidity in adulthood has been one of the most consistent findings in social science research on health and illness. Additionally, research also shows that women report higher rates of illness at all ages as well as describing higher rates of psychological malaise than men. However, can we certainly argue that gender differences in health in the developed world are so clear cut? Can we assume that gender differences described in one decade and in one culture are generalizable to other decades and other cultures? Would it be beneficial to continue exploring descriptive accounts of gender differences in health, or should we be concentrating on explanations for well-established differences? This paper/presentation -by using examples from various research funded projects in the field of public health- would argue that gender differences in health as presented in much recent sociological and epidemiological literature are mainly explained through the lenses of commonly used measures (e.g., self-assessed health, aspects of mental health, use of health services, patients’ treatment etc) and often fail to take into account the complexities in patterns of gender differences in health research. Furthermore, to properly understand the processes (social, psychological or biological) which produce or maintain gender differences in health care and treatment, we must pay attention to the social and historical context of our observations. <h3>References</h3> Barry, A. and C. Yuill. 2008. Understanding the Sociology of Health London: SAGE Baum, F. 2008. The New Public Health, Sydney: Oxford University Press Bury, M. and J. Gabe. 2004. The Sociology of Health and Illness, London: Routldge <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Doctors Debate Different Breast Biopsy Techniques
Authors: T. Parkins
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Doctors Debate Different Breast Biopsy Techniques Get access Troy Parkins Troy Parkins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 19, 6 October 1993, Pages 1548–1549, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.19.1548 Published: 06 October 1993
Abstract 886: OCT6 expression is associated with the resistance to cisplatin in lung cancer.
Authors: Daishi Kasai, Tetsuya Oguri, Takehiro Uemura, Hisatoshi Hijikata, Midori Yokoyama, Eiji Kunii, Osamu Takakuwa, Hirotsugu Ohkubo, Mikinori Miyazaki, Ken Maeno, Akio Niimi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Organic cation transporters (OCTs) of the solute carrier family 22 have been identified as uptake transporters for the charge state of a substrate such as cationic drugs. The OCTs have an isoform of OCT1, OCT2, OCT3, and OCT6. Previously OCT1-3 have shown to related with intracellular uptake of anticancer platinum drugs such as cisplatin (CDDP) and oxaliplatin; however an association of OCT6 and platinum drugs is not well elucidated. We found decreased gene and protein expressions of OCT6 in CDDP resistant PC14/CDDP cells compared to those in parental lung adenocaricinoma PC14 cells. In contrast, the expression levels of OCT1-3 were not changed between PC14 and PC-14/CDDP cells. The intracellular concentration of CDDP also decreased in PC14/CDDP compared with the parental cell. To elucidate the OCT6 for uptake of CDDP, we established a forced expression of OCT6 cell line by a transfection an OCT6 vector to PC14/CDDP cells. We found that intracellular CDDP concentration are increased concomitant with decreased resistance to CDDP in OCT6 overexpressed PC14/CDDP cells. These results indicate that OCT6 is related with uptake of CDDP, and that the expression of OCT6 could be one of the resistant factors against CDDP in lung cancer cells. Citation Format: Daishi Kasai, Tetsuya Oguri, Takehiro Uemura, Hisatoshi Hijikata, Midori Yokoyama, Eiji Kunii, Osamu Takakuwa, Hirotsugu Ohkubo, Mikinori Miyazaki, Ken Maeno, Akio Niimi. OCT6 expression is associated with the resistance to cisplatin in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 886. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-886
P1-01-15: Do Serum Cytokines Predict Breast Cancer Behavior?
Authors: E Lush, E Dedert, M Daup, F Dhabhar, D Spiegel, J Tillie, K McMasters, SE Sephton, A Chagpar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: The role of inflammation in breast cancer development and progression is poorly understood. The potential for serum cytokines to predict breast cancer behavior is an intriguing hypothesis, and data to date, has been conflicting. We sought to determine if serum inflammatory cytokines could predict clinicopathologic factors in breast cancer patients. Methods: Fifty-seven women with newly diagnosed breast cancer (stage 0–4) were accrued to this IRB-approved study. Serum cytokine levels were obtained in 50 of these women; this was the cohort of interest. All patients underwent surgical therapy, and log serum cytokine levels were correlated to final pathologic results. Results: The median patient age was 51 (range; 21–79) with a median tumor size was 19.5 mm (range; 2.3−95.0 mm). A variety of cytokines were evaluated. None were found to correlate with tumor size, lymph node status, presence of metastases, tumor grade, or lymphovascular invasion (all p's &amp;gt; .05). While most of the cytokines evaluated did not correlate with hormone receptor status, a significant correlation was seen between serum IFN-gamma and estrogen receptor (p = .011) and progesterone receptor (p = .013) status. No correlation was seen with her-2-neu status (p &amp;gt; .05). Conclusions: Serum cytokine levels do not seem to correlate with tumor size, lymph node status or grade. However, the strong correlation between IFN-gamma serum levels and hormone receptor status is hypothesis-generating and requires further study. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-15.
Abstract 323: Use of triple combination array analysis to identify STEAP family member 4 (STEAP4), a novel tumor suppressor gene in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Shuji Nomoto, Yukiyasu Okamura, Masamichi Hayashi, Shin Takeda, Hiroyuki Sugimoto, Tsutomu Fujii, Akimasa Nakao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers world-wide, but the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis are not clear. Array technology has made it possible to identify novel genes with alterations in liver cancer. In this study, we performed triple combination array analysis, expression profiling, karyotyping analysis using SNP array, and array-based DNA methylation profiling in the same HCC sample and attempted to find a novel tumor suppressor gene as a prognostic marker. Materials &amp; Methods: A 68-year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C was diagnosed with HCC. The tumor and corresponding normal tissues were used for extraction of DNA and RNA. SNP chip array experiments were performed according to the standard protocol of Affymetrix GeneChip Mapping 500K arrays for DNA. mRNA expression profiles were determined using Affimetrix HGU133A and B Gene-Chips. Bisulphite-converted genomic DNA was analyzed using Illumina's Infinium Human Methylation27 Beadchip Kit. We consequently analyzed the identified gene using quantitative RT-PCR, methylation and un-methylation-specific PCR in nine HCC cell lines and in 48 primary HCC tissues and corresponding non-cancerous tissues collected at Nagoya University Hospital, and then compared these results with clinico-pathological data. Results: The STEAP4 gene, is located on 7q21.12, and expression was decreased at a Log2 ratio of -4.2 to -2.0 in cancerous tissue. There were two copies of 7q21.12, indicating no loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in the SNP array. The methylation value (0-1.0) in the tumor sample was 0.870 compared to 0.234 in non-cancerous tissue, indicating high methylation in tumor tissue in the Methylation array. Re-activation of STEAP4 expression was seen after 5-aza-dC treatment in HCC cell lines. Moreover, we found that 32 of 48 (67%) HCC samples showed promoter hypermethylation. In 32 methylated cases, the expression values of STEAP4 gene in tumor tissues by real-time RT-PCR were tended to decrease compared to corresponding normal samples. In addition, methylated cases were significantly correlated with positive results for Hepatitis B and α-feto protein and had a tendency for poor prognosis (p=0.098). Conclusion: The STEAP4 gene is a tumor suppressor gene in HCC and might be a marker of poor prognosis. The triple combination array was a useful technique to identify the novel methylated tumor suppressor gene in HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 323. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-323
OX40+ Regulatory T Cells in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Suppress Effector T-Cell Responses and Associate with Metastatic Potential
Authors: Chester Lai, Suzannah August, Amel Albibas, Ramnik Behar, Shin-Young Cho, Marta E. Polak, Jeffrey Theaker, Amanda S. MacLeod, Ruth R. French, Martin J. Glennie, Aymen Al-Shamkhani, Eugene Healy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common human cancer with metastatic potential. Despite T cells accumulating around cSCCs, these tumors continue to grow and persist. To investigate reasons for failure of T cells to mount a protective response in cSCC, we focused on regulatory T cells (Tregs) as this suppressive population is well represented among the infiltrating lymphocytes. Experimental Design: Flow cytometry was conducted on cSCC lymphocytes and in vitro functional assays were performed using sorted tumoral T cells. Lymphocyte subsets in primary cSCCs were quantified immunohistochemically. Results: FOXP3+ Tregs were more frequent in cSCCs than in peripheral blood (P &amp;lt; 0.0001, n = 86 tumors). Tumoral Tregs suppressed proliferation of tumoral effector CD4+ (P = 0.005, n = 10 tumors) and CD8+ T cells (P = 0.043, n = 9 tumors) and inhibited IFNγ secretion by tumoral effector T cells (P = 0.0186, n = 11 tumors). The costimulatory molecule OX40 was expressed predominantly on tumoral Tregs (P &amp;lt; 0.0001, n = 15 tumors) and triggering OX40 with an agonist anti-OX40 antibody overcame the suppression exerted by Tregs, leading to increased tumoral effector CD4+ lymphocyte proliferation (P = 0.0098, n = 10 tumors). Tregs and OX40+ lymphocytes were more abundant in primary cSCCs that metastasized than in primary cSCCs that had not metastasized (n = 48 and n = 49 tumors, respectively). Conclusions: Tregs in cSCCs suppress effector T-cell responses and are associated with subsequent metastasis, suggesting a key role for Tregs in cSCC development and progression. OX40 agonism reversed the suppressive effects of Tregs in vitro, suggesting that targeting OX40 could benefit the subset of cSCC patients at high risk of metastasis. Clin Cancer Res; 22(16); 4236–48. ©2016 AACR.
Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in biloma - a rendezvous procedure
Authors: D. Bohlsen, P. Kalmar, F. Schreiber, R. Portugaller
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 54-year-old man presented with jaundice and an elevated serum bilirubin level of 11.86 mg/dL after radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases from rectal carcinoma. A high-grade stenosis at the common bile duct (CBD) was diagnosed on endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), and computed tomography showed a 7-cm intrahepatic biloma compressing the CBD ([Fig. 1]). A subsequent attempt to bypass the biloma by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) failed because the exit of the biloma could not be probed. A pigtail catheter was placed to drain the biloma externally ([Fig. 2], [Fig. 3]).
A Comparison of Bacterial Counts of the Urine Obtained by Needle Aspiration of the Bladder, Catheterization and Midstream-Voided Methods
Authors: Ofelia T. Monzon, Edwin M. Ory, Harold L. Dobson, Edward Carter, Ellard M. Yow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

PYELONEPHRITIS, the most common renal disease, remains a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. The critical need for early and accurate diagnosis has been growing steadily with the increasing awareness of the part that this disease plays in hypertension, diabetes mellitus, toxemias of pregnancy and chronic renal failure. Pyelonephritis has been found to be present in 10 to 20 per cent of autopsies, with only 20 to 30 per cent of these cases diagnosed during life.1 The diagnosis of pyelonephritis is often missed because the disease may be asymptomatic or may not be accompanied by localizing clinical symptoms of pyelonephritis. The asymptomatic . . .
European IPF Patient Charter: an SOS to the world
Authors: Bruno Crestani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

This is a time of unprecedented progress in the field of respiratory medicine, particularly for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In the course of one decade, the disease has been redefined, diagnostic criteria have been established [1] and the genetic mechanisms have been elucidated [2]. Two drugs have been approved (pirfenidone in 2011 in Europe and in 2014 in the USA, and nintedanib in 2014 in Europe and the USA) from results of randomised trials including thousands of patients [3–5]. Also, some previously recommended treatments, such as the combination of steroids and azathioprine, have been found deleterious [6]. We may expect further improvements with the testing of many drugs worldwide in phase 2 and 3 trials [7]. This sequence of events is quite unique in medicine, and we should be proud that pneumologists are the first specialty to have an anti-fibrotic drug approved. Sign the European IPF Patient Charter to help improve the status of IPF diagnosis and treatment <http://ow.ly/VtoM5>
PTH-090 Efficacy and Safety of Double-Dosing or Decreasing the Interval of Anti-Tnf Therapy in Crohn’S Disease who have Shown Loss of Response to Standard Anti-Tnf Dosing Regimen - A Dgh Experience
Authors: R Saleem, A Gera, D Ackland, T H Tranah, A Loganayagam
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Loss of response to Infliximab or Adalimumab therapy is commonly encountered during the course of treatment in patients with refractory Crohn’s disease (CD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of dose intensification; defined as either double-dosing or decreasing interval of anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy in patients with refractory CD, who have lost response to standard dose treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective interrogation of our local inflammatory bowel disease database at Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich was undertaken to identify all patients who had had either dose-doubling or decreased dosing intervals of their anti-TNF therapies. Clinic letters, hospital notes, biochemical, endoscopic and radiological data were recorded and disease severity scores calculated using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index. We present our data describing efficacy and safety of these biologic agents at higher dosage. <h3>Results</h3> A total of sixteen patients were in our study, 9(56%) female and 7(44%) male and the mean age was 38 years (range 21 – 68 years). Median disease duration was 6 years (range 2 – 13 years). There were 12 patients who were initially started on Infliximab while 4 had Adalimumab as their initial biologic therapy. 11(69%) patients had dose-doubling and 5(31%) patients had decreased dosage intervals due to secondary loss of response to initial anti-TNF at standard dosage regimen. Early response to dose-escalation was experienced by 9/16 (56%) patients while 7/16(44%) patients failed to respond to alteration in anti-TNF therapy regimen. Of the nine patients who initially showed response to intensified regimens, sustained clinical remission was maintained in 5(31%) patients at 12 months and this cohort was successfully weaned of biologic therapy. There was secondary loss of response in 4(25%) patients after median of 7.5 months (range 6–10) at this intensified regimen. No adverse effects were noted in our cohort of patients at this intensified regimen. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our experience of managing CD patients who have failed on their initial standard dose biological therapies has showed that there is certainly value in trialling either increased dosage or decreased dosing intervals of anti-TNF agent. Five patients achieved sustained clinical response and 4 patients had a median further 7 months of disease control prior to relapse. Higher anti-TNF dosage appears to be well tolerated and safe in CD. Of the patients who did fall in the latter two groups, there was a tendency towards reducing the dosing intervals as the more successful strategy above dose-doubling; however this was not statistically significant. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF 64-ROW AND 320-ROW MULTIDETECTOR COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY IN DIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Masaya Shinohara, Aoki Jiro, Sato Tatsuyuki, Yasuhara Kentaro, Kato Nahoko, Furui Koichi, Horiuchi Yu, Watanabe Mika, Asami Masahiko, Shuzou Tanimoto, Hara Kazuhiro, Kengo Tanabe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
LACK OF CARDIAC EVENTS DURING TRASTUZUMAB AND PERTUZUMAB THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH HER2-POSITIVE METASTATIC BREAST CANCER: IMPLICATIONS FOR CARDIAC MONITORING
Authors: Anthony F. Yu, Carlos Manrique, Jennifer Liu, Clifford A. Hudis, Richard Steingart, Chau Dang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
REVIEW OF TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT BETWEEN THE YEARS 2012 AND 2013: NATIONWIDE INPATIENT SAMPLE DATA ANALYSIS
Authors: Yashwant Agrawal, Chris Jacob, Monoj-Kumar Konda, Sidakpal Panaich, Jagadeesh Kalavakunta, Vishal Gupta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Deficiency of Pneumococcal Serum Opsonizing Activity in Sickle-Cell Disease
Authors: Jerry A. Winkelstein, Robert H. Drachman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Serum opsonizing activity for the pneumococcus was studied with a phagocytic test using normal peripheral leukocytes incubated in normal serum and in serum from patients with sickle-cell disease. Heat-labile serum opsonizing activity for the pneumococcus was markedly deficient in serum from the patients, with a mean phagocytosis of 6.5 per cent whereas control children with AA2 hemoglobin showed a mean value of 35.1 per cent. Serum opsonizing activity for salmonella was comparable in patients with sickle-cell disease and controls, although much of the activity was heat stable. Hemolytic complement activity was similar in both groups of children. Pathologic changes in the spleen in sickle-cell disease may result in functional autosplenectomy. Consequently, these observations may reflect the impairment of splenic clearance and heat-labile opsonin synthesis.
Abstract 2662: Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and tissue distribution of the nitric oxide-donating prodrug JS-K following administration in liposomes
Authors: Sarah A. Buhrow, Joel M. Reid, Chad A. Walden, Lee Jia, Myrtle Davis, Larry K. Keefer, Heba Barazi, Matthew M. Ames
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The diazeniumdiolate O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2diolate (JS-K, NSC 724771) is a nitric oxide (NO)-donating prodrug that was designed to release NO upon reaction with glutathione-S-transferase which is overexpressed in some tumors. We demonstrated that JS-K reacts with nucleophiles in biological fluids and has an extremely short half-life in mice. The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that liposomal encapsulation improves the in vivo half-life, tissue distribution and acute toxicity profile of JS-K. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of [3H]JS-K in CD mice administered the drug in DMSO or DMPC (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine) liposomes (20:1 molar ratio of DMPC: JS-K) and in tumor-bearing athymic nu/nu NCr mice administered the radiolabeled drug in DMPC liposomes. The terminal elimination half-life of total radioactivity (2 hours) was similar for both formulations. We did not detect [3H]JS-K in any plasma or red blood cell samples from mice administered 6 mg/kg JS-K in DMSO and only trace amounts of [3H]JS-K were detected in samples collected at the earliest time-points from mice administered 6 mg/kg JS-K in DMPC liposomes. Small amounts of radioactivity, presumably associated with JS-K metabolites, were detected at the solvent front of HPLC chromatograms. Very little radioactivity and no JS-K was detected in tumor samples. Finally, we developed an LC/MS/MS assay to investigate formation of JS-K metabolites in biological samples and used that method to measure concentrations of JS-K and its metabolites in plasma, red blood cells, liver tissue and tumor tissue collected from tumor-bearing mice administered 3 mg/kg or 6 mg/kg JS-K in DMPC liposomes. We confirmed extremely rapid in vivo degradation of JS-K in the systemic circulation following intravenous administration and rapid formation of several expected metabolites including high concentrations of the glutathione conjugate of the dinitrophenol moiety and piperazine. Supported by NCI Contract NO1-CM-52206. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2662.
Acute pancreatitis induced by placement of a duodenal stent
Authors: G. Lou, J. Yang, J. Ke, W. Wu, B. Zhou
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Placement of metal stents is an effective therapy for patients with duodenal obstruction. Compared with palliative surgical treatment, it yields higher clinical success rates and shorter hospital stays [1] [2]. Acute pancreatitis following this therapy has been reported only rarely. We report a case of acute pancreatitis following placement of a duodenal metal stent.