tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NON-INVASIVE ASSESSMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROTIC CAROTID PLAQUES BY 18F-FLUORODEOXYGLYCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY/COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (18F-FDG PET/CT) IMAGING AND MICROWAVE RADIOMETRY (MWR): VALIDATION WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS
Authors: Georgios Benetos, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Iosif Koutagiar, George Agrogiannis, Aleksandros Georgakopoulos, Nikoletta Pianou, Pavlos Kafouris, Sofoklis Trachanellis, Nikolaos Patelis, Nikolaos Bessias, Konstantinos Filis, Chris Klonaris, Efstratios Patsouris, Elias Siores, George Spyrou, Constantina Aggeli, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Dennis Cokkinos, Dimitris Tousoulis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Farming Tobacco Overseas: International Trade Of U.S. Tobacco
Authors: K. Nagy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Farming Tobacco Overseas: International Trade Of U.S. Tobacco Get access Kate Nagy Kate Nagy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 6, 16 March 1994, Pages 417–418, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.6.417 Published: 16 March 1994
The development of a potent, multifunctional gene delivery vector driven by the cancer-selective mucin-1 promoter to detect and treat breast cancer metastasis.
Authors: ST Huyn, J Burton, M Sato, L Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6022 With breast cancer, early detection and proper staging are critical, influencing both the treatment regimen and therapeutic outcome for a patient. Improvements in these areas will play a profound role in reducing mortality due to this disease. We therefore aim to develop a targeted adenoviral based gene therapy vector that can be used in the detection and staging of metastatic breast cancer. We did this through application of the two-step transcriptional amplification system (TSTA). This system was developed in our lab, and has shown the ability to greatly augment the activity of weak promoters, while still maintaining tissue specificity.&amp;#x2028; We incorporated the tumor specific promoter Mucin1 into the TSTA system to successfully target breast tumor models. Studies carried out in vitro have demonstrated that this MUC1 TSTA vector is able to achieve efficiency of up to 250 fold over basal promoter levels, without loss of specificity. Moreover, when incorporated into an adenoviral vector to express firefly luciferase (AdMUC1-TSTA-fl), it exhibits higher reporter gene expression than a AdCMV-fl virus at the same multiplicity of infection (MOI).&amp;#x2028; Biodistribution studies have shown that, depending upon the initial route of administration, this system holds great potential for use in the detection of lymph node metastais, as well as distant metastases. This vector has shown low off target expression following intravenous injection into non-tumor bearing mice. Through use of in vivo xenograft models of breast cancer, we have shown the ability to target and detect both lymph node metastais, as well as liver metastasis using our AdMUC1 TSTA-fl reporter virus in combination with in vivo optical imaging. Based on these results, we believe that this system holds strong promise for clinical application.&amp;#x2028; A critical aspect of this project will be the incorporation of cytotoxic genes for therapeutic studies. At the same time, the ability to express imaging reporter genes for bioluminescent imaging or PET (positron emission tomography) is highly desirable, allowing for efficient, non-invasive monitoring of pharmacokinetics of transgene expression in real time. To address this issue, we developed a MUC-1 driven TSTA amplification scheme able to simultaneously express two separate transgenes, the firefly luciferase and the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk sr39tk) gene. This bi-directional reporter TSTA construct has shown strong efficiency, and specificity, and is currently being evaluated for use in therapeutic application of breast tumors in vivo. This approach holds great promise for the treatment and diagnosis of metastatic breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6022.
Abstract P6-06-30: Are synchronous and metachronous bilateral breast cancers different? An immunohistochemical analysis aimed at intrinsic tumor phenotype
Authors: E Senkus, J Szade, B Pieczynska, A Zaczek, J Pikiel, K Sosinska-Mielcarek, A Karpinska, J Jassem
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: The biology and pathomechanism of bilateral breast cancers is not fully understood: the risk of developing second (metachronous) breast cancer is 4-6 times higher than that of first primary in general population, whereas for synchronous breast cancers the number of cases is about 100 times higher than could be expected by chance alone. We compared the morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics of primary synchronous (sBBC) vs. metachronous (mBBC) bilateral breast cancers), with special focus on intrinsic tumor phenotype. Methods: Tumor morphology and expression of 8 immunohistochemical markers were assessed in tissue microarrays containing primary breast tumor cores from 113 mBBC and 61 sBBC. Analyzed markers included hormone receptors (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor), HER2, Ki67, cytokeratin 5/6, E-cadherin, vimentin and epidermal growth factor receptor. Surrogate intrinsic phenotypes were determined according to St Gallen 2011 criteria. Results: mBBChad higher incidence of ductal histology (p = 0.037), lower estrogen receptor expression (p = 0.047), and higher expression of cytokeratin 5/6 (p = 0.017) and of vimentin (p = 0.008); in multivariate analysis only vimentin retained the significance (p = 0.01). Ten (13%) and 11 (26%) of mBBCand sBBC, respectively, had luminal A phenotype, 39 (50%) and 15 (36%) were luminal B HER2-negative, 13 (17%) and 12 (28%) - luminal B HER2-positive, 3 (4%) and 2 (5%) - HER2-positive (not luminal), and 12 (16%) and 2 (5%) had triple negative phenotype (p = 0.07). Characteristics of mBBC and sBBCFeaturemBBC (%)sBBC (%)p valueDuctal histology98 (87)47 (77)0.037Grade 346 (41)17 (28)0.09Extensive intraductal component26 (23)18 (29)0.42Strong ER expression73 (67)48 (81)0.047Strong PR expression55 (49)38 (63)0.07HER2 positivity (2+, 3+)51 (46)29 (50)0.6Ki76 ≤14%24 (22)21 (35)0.06Surrogate intrinsic phenotype luminal A10 (13)11 (26) luminal B HER2-39 (50)15 (36) luminal B HER2+13 (17)12 (28)0.07triple negative12 (16)2 (5) HER2+ (non luminal)3 (4)2 (5) CK5/6 &amp;gt;10%28 (26)6 (11)0.017Vimentin &amp;gt;10%25 (23)4 (7)0.008E-cadherin (+)88 (83)49 (83)0.99EGFR (+)35 (32)11 (19)0.07 Conclusion: mBBC, compared to sBBC, are characterized by more aggressive phenotype, expressed by lower expression of estrogen receptor and stronger expression of cytokeratin /6 and vimentin; this does not, however, translate into substantial differences in the proportion of intrinsic tumor phenotypes. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-06-30.
Twelve-Year Comparison of a Bjork–Shiley Mechanical Heart Valve with Porcine Bioprostheses
Authors: Peter Bloomfield, David J. Wheatley, Robin J. Prescott, Hugh C. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Patients undergoing heartvalve replacement may receive a mechanical prosthesis, necessitating lifelong anticoagulant treatment, or a porcine bioprosthesis, which involves no absolute need for anticoagulants.
Interaction Effects of Temperature and Ozone on Lung Function and Markers of Systemic Inflammation, Coagulation, and Fibrinolysis: A Crossover Study of Healthy Young Volunteers
Authors: Juliette J. Kahle, Lucas M. Neas, Robert B. Devlin, Martin W. Case, Michael T. Schmitt, Michael C. Madden, David Diaz-Sanchez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Trends in climate suggest that extreme weather events such as heat waves will become more common. High levels of the gaseous pollutant ozone are associated with elevated temperatures. Ozone has been associated with respiratory diseases as well as cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and can reduce lung function and alter systemic markers of fibrinolysis. The interaction between ozone and temperature is unclear.Sixteen healthy volunteers were exposed in a randomized crossover study to 0.3 ppm ozone and clean air for 2 hr at moderate (22°C) temperature and again at an elevated temperature (32.5°C). In each case lung function was performed and blood taken before and immediately after exposure and the next morning.Ozone exposure at 22°C resulted in a decrease in markers of fibrinolysis the next day. There was a 51.8% net decrease in PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), a 12.1% net decrease in plasminogen, and a 17.8% net increase in D-dimer. These significantly differed from the response at 32.5°C, where there was a 44.9% (p = 0.002) and a 27.9% (p = 0.001) increase in PAI-1 and plasminogen, respectively, and a 12.5% (p = 0.042) decrease in D-dimer. In contrast, decrements in lung function following ozone exposure were comparable at both moderate and elevated temperatures (forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, -12.4% vs. -7.5%, p > 0.05). No changes in systemic markers of inflammation were observed for either temperature.Ozone-induced systemic but not respiratory effects varied according to temperature. Our study suggests that at moderate temperature ozone may activate the fibrinolytic pathway, while at elevated temperature ozone may impair it. These findings provide a biological basis for the interaction between temperature and ozone on mortality observed in some epidemiologic studies.
13N-Ammonia Combined With 18F-FDG Could Discriminate Between Necrotic High-Grade Gliomas and Brain Abscess
Authors: Xinchong Shi, Chang Yi, Xiaoyan Wang, Bing Zhang, Zhifeng Chen, Ganghua Tang, Xiangsong Zhang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Accurate prediction of brain abscess is beneficial for timely management. In this study, we investigated the utility of 13N-ammonia and its combination with 18F-FDG in differentiating brain abscess from necrotic high-grade gliomas.Thirteen patients with ring-like enhancement high-grade gliomas and 11 patients with brain abscess were recruited in our study. All of them underwent both 18F-FDG and 13N-ammonia PET imaging. Lesion uptake was evaluated by lesion to normal gray matter ratio (L/N). Histopathology diagnosis was obtained for all the patients after PET imaging.The L/N values of 18F-FDG were not significantly different between brain abscess and necrotic high-grade gliomas (P = 0.35). The uptake of 13N-ammonia in gliomas was higher than that in abscess lesions (L/N: 1.38 ± 0.31 vs 0.84 ± 0.18, P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined the optimal L/N cutoff value (13N-ammonia) of 1.0 with the area under the curve of 0.94 and the overall accuracy of 87.5%. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that the combination of 18F-FDG and 13N-ammonia could distinguish the 2 clinical entities with higher accuracy of 95%, and only 1 necrotic glioma lesion was misclassified into the abscess group.13N-ammonia is effective in distinguishing brain abscess from necrotic high-grade gliomas, and its combination with 18F-FDG could further elevate the diagnostic accuracy.
Abstract 5495: Does <i>KRAS</i> testing in metastatic colorectal cancer impact overall survival: A comparative effectiveness study in a population-based sample
Authors: Heather Spencer Feigelson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The anti-epidermal growth factor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab are approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), but have been shown to be ineffective if the tumor has a mutation in KRAS codon 12 or 13. Comparative effectiveness research is intended to create evidence for decision making, and to find out “what works” in health care. This is especially important in scenarios like KRAS testing among patients with mCRC, since there is uncertainty around the significance of rarer mutations, and no proven alternative treatment for those who are found to harbor KRAS mutations in codons 12 or 13. We sought to determine whether recommendations for KRAS testing implemented in mid-2008 impacted survival in mCRC among 1203 mCRC patients from seven integrated health plans that are part of the Cancer Research Network. We included Stage IV cases diagnosed from 2006- 2009 and stage III cases initially diagnosed from 2004- 2008 who progressed to distant metastatic CRC (determined using chart review). We abstracted complete treatment data, pathology reports, survival data and KRAS testing results from electronic medical records. For cases that had not been previously tested for KRAS mutation status, we tested archived pathology specimens from the primary tumor. We used Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazards models to examine whether overall survival differed among stage III and IV cases diagnosed before (n=751) and after (n=452) the implementation of KRAS testing. We included 918 stage IV cases and 285 stage III cases with progression. KRAS mutations (codon 12, 13, or 61) were found in 40% of tumors. Mutations were more common among tumors arising in the proximal compared to distal colon (46% mutated in ascending colon versus 33% in sigmoid colon). Median survival among stage III cases with progression was 589 days, compared to 437 days for stage IV cases (p=0.004). EGFR inhibitors were given to 26% of patients in the pre-recommendation period, and 13% of patients in the post-recommendation period. We found no survival differences by mutation status. We also found no statistically significant difference in survival time between the pre- and post- KRAS testing recommendations. Our data suggest that KRAS testing can be used to target anti-EGFR therapies without compromising overall survival time among mCRC patients in a usual care setting. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5495. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5495
Lamivudine in the Treatment of Acute Hepatitis B
Authors: Ron Reshef, Wisam Sbeit, Ran Tur-Kaspa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Effect of Eliminating Compensation for Pain and Suffering on the Outcome of Insurance ClaimsTo the Editor: The findings of Cassidy et al. (April 20 issue) 1 suggest that radical changes are needed in the tort system of automobile insurance that is common throughout the United States, in which injured claimants can sue for pain and suffering caused by another driver's negligence.Cassidy et al. examined the time to closure of a claim for claimants injured in motor vehicle collisions in Saskatchewan, Canada, during the six months before January 1, 1995, when a tort system was in effect, and in the two consecutive sixmonth periods after that date, when no-fault insurance was implemented.Under the no-fault system, claimants could no longer claim compensation for pain and suffering.The time to closure of claims was reduced by 54 percent during the no-fault period.The authors conclude that the reduction in the duration of whiplash injuries under the no-fault system was due to the absence of the financial incentive that is inherent in the tort system.Cassidy et al. base their conclusions on the assumption that when an injury claim was closed under the no-fault system, the claimant had recovered from his or her injuries.The only support that Cassidy et al. provide for the assumption that recovery from whiplash coincided with the closure of the claim is a 1995 monograph by the Quebec Task Force on Whiplash-Associated Disorders, in which the authors equated the cessation of time-loss payments with recovery. 2e have criticized the use of time-loss payments as a proxy for recovery in that study, since no data were collected on the symptoms, amount or type of treatment, or degree of 1.
Peptide Leukotriene Release after Antigen Challenge in Patients Sensitive to Ragweed
Authors: Peter S. Creticos, Stephen P. Peters, N. Franklin Adkinson, Robert M. Naclerio, Edward C. Hayes, Philip S. Norman, Lawrence M. Lichtenstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (composed of leukotrienes C, D, and E) is released in vitro by the interaction of antigen and IgE antibody on human mast cells and basophils. When we challenged ragweed-sensitive patients intranasally with pollen grains, their clinical response was significantly correlated with the release of the peptide leukotrienes (P less than 0.001). Nonallergic subjects had neither symptoms nor leukotriene release. The leukotrienes were released in a dose-dependent fashion, with a peak mean level of 827 +/- 234 pg per 0.1 ml of a 10-ml nasal wash. High-performance liquid chromatography revealed the presence of leukotrienes C, D, and E, suggesting that nasal cells or fluids had the ability to degrade leukotriene C enzymatically. The in vivo release of these potent inflammatory mediators after exposure to pollen suggests that leukotrienes may have an important role in human allergic reactions.
Localized Langerhans cell histiocytosis of the stomach treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: C. Lee, S. Lee, H. Cho
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease of unknown etiology, characterized by monoclonal cellular proliferation and infiltration of bone marrow-derived Langerhans cells in a single or multiple organs [1]. Isolated involvement of the stomach, however, is an extremely rare phenomenon in LCH [2] [3] [4]. Here we present a case of localized LCH of the stomach with characteristic histopathological findings, which was confirmed and successfully treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).
Abstract 2109: PIK3CA mutations in hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea
Authors: Heesue Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract PI3K/AKT pathway plays a pivotal role in HCC. Mutant PIK3CA, encoding the p110a catalytic subunit, stimulate the AKT pathway and promotes cell growth in various cancers. PIK3CA mutations have been researched in many cancer types and reported low frequency of PIK3CA mutation in HCC except Korea’ case. To investigated the frequency of PIK3CA mutations in Korean patients with HCC. We sequenced the exon2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20 and 21 of PIK3CA in 268 HCC samples. In these experiments, the mutation were not detected in exon4, 7, 9, 20 and detected 1 of 268 at unknown SNP (G278A) in exon2 and at unknown SNP (C848G) in exon5, 1 of 265 at unknown SNP (C1306A) and 2 of 265 at unknown SNP (C1373A) in exon8, each of 262 at unknown SNP (T2970A) and SNP (G3026A) in exon21. However, exon10 were detected 1 of 266 at unknown SNP (C1629T), 1 of 268 at G1635T (E545D) and 266 of 266 at A1634C (E545A) in 268 HCC samples. Additional experiments through normal tissue and cloning experiments realized double peak at A1634C of exon10 is not mutation and maybe arose as a result gene duplication on 22q11 partial region because exon10 primer have higher efficiency. Our study suggests no clinical characteristic relationship between HCC and mutated of PIK3CA. In conclusion, our results with using large sample size suggest the mutations in PIK3CA gene of Korean patients’ frequency is low as like other countries have been previously reported. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2109. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2109
P72 Feasibility of recruiting newborn babies with cystic fibrosis diagnosed by newborn screening to a clinical study with invasive outcome measures
Authors: J. Chudleigh, A.-F. Hoo, S. A. Prasad, D. Ahmed, A. Bush, C. Wallis, J. Stocks
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) has been available throughout the UK since 2007. Such screening is only justified if it improves outcome. NBS offers the potential for early intervention in order to preserve lung function and nutritional status. There are few, if any, ways of satisfactorily monitoring such babies non-invasively. To date the feasibility of recruiting newborn babies to invasive studies within the first few weeks following diagnosis is unknown. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess the feasibility of recruiting and retaining infants diagnosed by NBS to an invasive observational study, prior to proposing an interventional study. <h3>Methods</h3> All children presenting from the CF NBS programme from six centres comprising the London CF Collaboration (LCFC: Great Ormond St, Royal Brompton, Kings College, Royal London, Lewisham University and Epsom and St Helier9s Hospitals) are being invited to participate in a study which involves infant lung function under sedation at ∼3 and 12 months plus a combined CT, bronchoscopy and BAL under GA at ∼12 months, within 3 weeks after the lung function test. <h3>Results</h3> Since commencement of this study, 63 infants have screened positive for CF of whom five were ineligible (co-existent morbidities or moving away from area). Of the 58 eligible babies, seven have either declined (6) or withdrawn (1), eight families are currently considering participation and 43 have consented to participate. Infant lung function at 3 months has been undertaken in 43 babies (mean age at test 10.8 (SD 2.4) weeks. Of the 16 babies that have now reached one year of age, all have completed their follow-up lung function test and 15 have had their CT and BAL, with one awaiting an appointment. To date, parents9 attitudes to taking part in this study have been universally positive. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Despite initial concerns from some reviewers regarding the ability to recruit and retain families whose infants have been diagnosed with CF by NBS into clinical studies with invasive outcomes, these preliminary data indicate that it is possible to recruit a high proportion of babies to such a study. These results suggest that future interventional studies will be feasible.
Dynamic Scintigraphy With SPECT-CT of Postoperative Salivary Leak
Authors: Kathleen Weyts, Linda Spinato, Pierre Bisschop, Cyril Jaudet, Anne Sophie Hambÿe
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

This 65 year-old woman, 1 month postoperative after maxillary sinus carcinoma (pT4N0cM0) excision and reconstruction, presented with significant left facial clear fluid wound leakage. A salivary or cerebrospinal leakage was suspected. Fluid analysis, CT, and MRI were noncontributory. Dynamic salivary scintigraphy with SPECT-CT allowed for the detection and localization of the leakage from the left parotid gland. Radioactive dose rate of the wound bandage was 50 μSv/h compared with 0.05 μSv/h for background and confirmed the diagnosis. Left total parotidectomy resulted in resolution.
Acute Hepatitis B in a Patient with Antibodies to Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Who Was Receiving Rituximab
Authors: Isabelle Dervite, Didier Hober, Pierre Morel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

To the Editor: CD20 antigen is expressed on most B lymphocytes. Therefore, humanized monoclonal antibodies to CD20, especially rituximab, specifically kill lymphomatous and normal B lymphocytes by means of cytotoxicity and apoptosis.1 Few infections have been reported in recipients of rituximab. A lethal reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection occurred in a patient who was treated with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone and rituximab.1 We describe a patient who had antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) but not hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) before rituximab therapy and in whom anti-HBs disappeared and hepatitis B developed. A 69-year-old man . . .