tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0087 Is the Disease Course During First Pregnancy Predictive for the Next Pregnancy?
Authors: H. Ince-Askan, J.M. Hazes, R.J. Dolhain
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Pregnancy is the only physiological condition in which Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) remits spontaneously in approximately 50% of the pregnancies [1]. Although various factors, like hormones and immunoglobulins have been investigated, there is no clear explanation for the gestational improvement [2]. Understanding the influence of pregnancy and especially the impact of subsequent pregnancies, may provide more insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying RA. To our knowledge there has not been any prospective study on this subject until now. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine if changes in disease activity in women with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in one pregnancy are predictive for a subsequent pregnancy. <h3>Methods</h3> This study is embedded in the Pregnancy induced Amelioration of Rheumatoid Arthritis (PARA)-study, a nationwide prospective cohort study [3]. There is data available on 27 women who participated during two pregnancies from first trimester unto delivery resulting in a life birth. RA disease courses are categorized as improvement, deterioration, both improvement and deterioration and no change. Improvement and deterioration is determined by calculating changes in DAS28 [3]. <h3>Results</h3> In the first pregnancy in total 10 women (37,0%) improved, 6 (22,2%) deteriorated, 6 women (22,2%) both improved and deteriorated, and 5 (18,5%) had no change. In their second pregnancy 10 women (37,0%) improved, 5 (18,5%) deteriorated, 4 women (14,8%) both improved and deteriorated, and 7 (25,9%) had no change at all. Only 4 women (14,8%) had a comparable disease activity course during their first and second pregnancy, whereas treatment remained mostly similar (see figure 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This prospective study demonstrates that the course of RA-disease activity in subsequent pregnancies is different. This means that we cannot predict the course of the disease activity in following pregnancies based upon an earlier pregnancy. <h3>References</h3> Barrett, J.H., et al., Does rheumatoid arthritis remit during pregnancy and relapse postpartum? Results from a nationwide study in the United Kingdom performed prospectively from late pregnancy. Arthritis Rheum, 1999. 42(6): p. 1219-27. Ostensen, M. and P.M. Villiger, The remission of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy. Semin Immunopathol, 2007. 29(2): p. 185-91. de Man, Y.A., et al., Disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis during pregnancy: results from a nationwide prospective study. Arthritis Rheum, 2008. 59(9): p. 1241-8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> H. Ince-Askan Grant/research support from: This study is funded by the Dutch Arthritis Association (Reumafonds). J. Hazes Grant/research support from: This study is funded by the Dutch Arthritis Association (Reumafonds). R. Dolhain Grant/research support from: This study is funded by the Dutch Arthritis Association (Reumafonds).
The Role of the Multichain IL-2 Receptor Complex in the Control of Normal and Malignant T-Cell Proliferation
Authors: Thomas A. Waldmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Antigen-induced activation of resting T cells induces the synthesis of interleukin-2 (IL-2), as well as the expression of specific cell surface receptors for this lymphokine. There are at least two forms of the cellular receptors for IL-2, one with a very high affinity and the other with a lower affinity. We have identified two IL-2 binding peptides, a 55-kd peptide reactive with the anti-Tac monoclonal antibody and a 75-kd non-Tac IL-2 binding peptide. Cell lines bearing either the p55, Tac, or the p75 peptide alone manifested low-affinity IL-2 binding, whereas cell lines bearing both peptides manifested both high- and low-affinity receptors. Fusion of cell membranes from low-affinity IL-2 binding cells bearing the Tac peptide alone with membranes from a cell line bearing the p75 peptide alone generated hybrid membranes bearing high-affinity receptors. We propose a multichain model for the high-affinity IL-2 receptor in which both the p55 Tac and the p75 IL-2 binding peptides are associated in a receptor complex. The p75 peptide is the receptor for IL-2 on large granular lymphocytes and is sufficient for the IL-2 activation of these cells. In contrast to resting T cells, human T-cell lymphotropic virus I-associated adult T-cell leukemia cells constitutively express large numbers of IL-2 receptors. Because IL-2 receptors are present on the malignant T cells but not on normal resting cells, clinical trials have been initiated in which patients with adult T-cell leukemia are being treated with either unmodified or toxin-conjugated forms of anti-Tac monoclonal antibody directed toward this growth factor receptor.
AB0628 Vitamin B12, Homocysteine and Methylmalonic Acid Levels in Patients with Neuro-Behçet's Syndrome: Table 1.
Authors: B. Bitik, A. Tufan, R. Mercan, H. Kucuk, O. Kucuksahin, S. Elbeg, M.A. Ozturk, S. Haznedaroglu, B. Goker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Neuro-Behçet9s Syndrome (NBS) is a rare manifestation of Behçet9s Syndrome (BS) with significant morbidity and mortality. Vitamin B12 (VitB12) deficiency is associated with neurologic manifestations. Elevation in the serum concentrations of both homocysteine (Hcy) and methylmalonic acid (MMA) appears to be more sensitive than low serum VitB12 alone for the diagnosis of VitB12 deficiency. Hcy is known to be toxic for endothelial cells and hyperhomocysteinemia was reported to be an independent risk factor for venous thrombosis in BS. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the role of serum levels of VitB12, Hcy and MMA in development of NBS and to compare them with healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> Serum VitB12, Hcy and MMA were measured using ELISA in fifty six patients fulfilling the criteria of the International Study Group for Behçet9s Disease and thirty matched healthy controls. Patients using colchicine were also excluded. Study participants were grouped as BS patients with NBS, BS patients without NBS, and healthy controls. Normal blood ranges were accepted as 187-911 pg/ml for VitB12, 5-14 μmol/L for Hcy, and 3.1-15.3 ng/mL for MMA. <h3>Results</h3> Median serum levels of VitB12, Hcy and MMA are shown in Table 1. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding serum VitB12 and Hcy levels. Serum MMA levels were normal in patients with BS. However, serum MMA levels were significantly higher in healthy controls than patients with BS with or without NBS (p≤0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Unlike previously reported association in venous thrombosis, we did not find any association between VitB12 deficiency and neurological involvement in patients with BS. Further studies are needed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the variable effects of VitB12 deficiency on different clinical manifestations of BS. <h3>References</h3> Akman-Demir G, Serdaroglu P, Tasçi B. Clinical patterns of neurological involvement in Behçet9s disease: evaluation of 200 patients. The Neuro-Behçet Study Group. Brain. 1999 Nov;122 (Pt 11):2171-82. van Overbeek EC, Staals J, van Oostenbrugge RJ. Vitamin B12 and progression of white matter lesions. A 2-year follow-up study in first-ever lacunar stroke patients. PLoS One. 2013 Oct 14;8(10):e78100. Aksu K, Turgan N, Oksel F, et al. Hyperhomocysteinaemia in Behçet9s disease. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2001 Jun;40(6):687-90. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A new look at organic brain syndromes
Authors: Z J Lipowski
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The author points out that organic mental disorders have been neglected for the past 30 years and that the classification of these disorders is obsolete. On the basis of the new explicit criteria formulated in DSM-III, the growing recognition that organic disorders constitute a major public health problem, the advances made in the neurosciences, and the current focus on chronic diseases and critical care medicine, however, he predicts an increase in interest in organic mental disorders in the coming years. He outlines the new classification system, suggesting that it should stimulate research and thus lead to sorely needed therapeutic advances.
Evaluation of Optimal Stent Size after Antegrade Endopyelotomy: An Experimental Study in the Porcine Model
Authors: Maurice Anidjar, Paul Merla, Béatrix Cochand-Priollet, Olivier Cussenot, François Desgrandchamps, Ariane Cortesse, Pierre Teillac, Alain Le Duc
Journal: European Urology (1997)
AB0252 Comparison Between Clinical and Ultrasonographic Simplified Disease Activity Index in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: D. Kaffel, S. Miladi, R. Dhahri, I. Cherif, W. Hamdi, I. Zouch, M.M. Kchir
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> New generation of scores to evaluate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity has been developed with current insights the importance of close monitoring patients and controlling disease activity. The Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) is simple and easy score, it is well correlated to the RA activity and is less time-consuming in calculation than DAS. In the other hand, ultrasonography (US) showed more sensitivity in detecting synovitis than clinical examination. <h3>Objectives</h3> The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and US activity of RA by the SDAI and the US-SDAI. <h3>Methods</h3> Fifty patients followed-up for active RA were included. The SDAI was calculated by the numerical summation of the number of tender joints, swollen joints (/28 joints), the patient9s and doctor9s evaluation of the disease and the C protein reactive value. Then patients underwent US examination by a radiologist experimented and blinded to clinical data. Twenty two joints of the hands were scanned (wrists, 10 metacarpophalangeal and 10 proximal inter-phalangeal). The US-SDAI was calculated by replacing the swollen joints of the hands by joints expressing B-mode or Power Doppler activity in the US exam. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty patients were recruited with a mean age of 53,8 years-old [26-78]. Females outnumbered males (42/8). The mean duration of illness was 3,6 years [0,5-15]. Rheumatoid factor was positive in 55% of patients. The mean number of swollen joints of hands found in physical exam was 4 and was 4,2 for US (p=0.82). The mean value of US-SDAI (29.2) was a little bit higher than the clinical one (29) and the difference was not significant (p=0.82). There was a highly significant positive correlation between SDAI and US-SDAI (p&lt;0.001; r =0.9) <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our study clinical SDAI seems to be well correlated to US-SDAI. Since the SDAI is simple to calculate and should be more used in our daily practice. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Agitation and postdexamethasone cortisol levels in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: B A Lawlor, G Tsuboyama, T Ryan, R C Mohs, B M Davis, M Davidson, S Gabriel, K L Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The clinical correlates of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) functioning were examined in 29 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. The 8:00 a.m. postdexamethasone cortisol levels of these patients were highly correlated with higher agitation scores but not with the degree of depressed mood or memory impairment. The possible neural basis for the association between hypercortisolism and behavioral disturbance in Alzheimer's disease warrants further exploration and replication.
Prophylactic antibiotics in caesarean section.
Authors: R Langer, P Schreyer, E Caspi, I Bukovsky, D Sompolinsky
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Prophylactic Antibiotics in Caesarean SectionIn 1971 there were almost 750,000 births in England and Wales.'In 1970 the Standin Maternity and Midwifery Ad- visory C ittee, whose chairman was Sir John Peel, esti- mated that 3.5% of all deliveries in England and Wales were by caesarean section, and that about 5% of all deliveries in hospital were by this operation.2Many hospitals report a greater use of caesarean section than this, and the justi- fication is the great fall in perinatal mortality with which operative delivery is associated, though this is not the only factor.At the low rate of 3-5% there will be between 30,000 and 35,000 deliveries by caesarean section in this country each year.In the years 1967, 1968, and 1969 there were 45, 45, and 34 matral deaths associated with, but not necessarily due to, caesarean section in England and Wales, giving a rate of 1.2 deaths per 1,000 sections.3The results from operative delivery of this kind are therefore good but by no means perfect.The causes of death were anaesthesia 25.8%, pul- monary embolism 14-5%, haemorrhage 11-3%, sepsis and paralytic ileus 8-9%, toxaemia of pregnancy 4-8%, cardiac failure 4%, and "other" 30-6%.These figures are of impor- tance for putting into perspective the continuing debate on the prevention of infection in the mother after caesarean section.If such prevention could be complete, then in Eng- land and Wales it might be possible to avert the deaths of perhaps three mothers each year.
THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DYSENTERY.
Authors: T B GORGIEV
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Melanoma
Authors: Janet Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2004)

MelanomaT he skin, the largest organ of the body, is made up of living cells that grow and divide.Cancers can develop in the skin as well as in other parts of the body.When melanocytes (cells that give pigment [color] to the skin) become cancerous, this is called melanoma.Melanoma is less common than the other main types of skin cancer (basal cell and squamous cell cancers) but is much more likely to metastasize (spread to other organs) and to be fatal.The December 8, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article about melanoma.
Risk of skin cancer in patients on chronic haemodialysis: a nationwide, population-based study in Taiwan
Authors: C.-C. Wang, C.-H. Tang, C.-Y. Wang, S.-Y. Huang, Y.-M. Sue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Patients on chronic haemodialysis (HD) have a higher incidence of cancer. However, the risk of skin cancer in this population has rarely been investigated.To investigate the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) and cutaneous melanoma in patients on chronic HD and to explore the associated risk factors.We performed retrospective cohort and nested case-control studies using records in the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database between 1999 and 2013. The HD cohort included 79 668 incident patients on HD, for whom the standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for incident NMSC and cutaneous melanoma were determined. In the nested case-control study, patients on HD with NMSC were matched to those without skin cancers. The impact of various factors on the development of NMSC was determined by conditional logistic regression analysis.Among the 79 668 patients on HD, 248 cases of NMSC and 22 cases of cutaneous melanoma occurred after a mean 4·95 years of follow-up. The SIRs for NMSC and cutaneous melanoma in patients on HD were 1·58 (95% confidence interval 1·39-1·79) and 1·44 (95% confidence interval 0·91-2·19), respectively. Of the patients on HD, a higher risk of NMSC was found in men (1·5-fold), South Taiwan residents (twofold) and patients with uraemic pruritus after long-term antihistamine treatment (1·53-fold). However, the incidence of NMSC was not increased in patients with uraemic pruritus receiving ultraviolet B phototherapy.Patients on chronic HD are at higher risk of NMSC. Uraemic pruritus further increases the risk of NMSC, which might be prevented by ultraviolet B phototherapy.
Attitudes of psychiatrists toward elderly patients
Authors: C V Ford, R J Sbordone
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

A group of 179 psychiatrists responded to a questionnaire requesting their opinions concerning four clinical vignettes. Analysis of their responses indicated that these psychiatrists, at a highly statistically significant level, regarded older patients as less ideal for their practices than younger patients with identical symptoms. The respondents viewed the older patients as having a poorer prognosis, and their treatment plans for them were less likely to emphasize psychotherapy. In general, there was a negative correlation between the age of the respondent psychiatrists and their estimate of the "idealness" of and favorable prognosis for older patients.
THU0448 Erosive Hand Osteoarthritis (OA): A Separate Inflammatory Entity or a Severe Form of OA?
Authors: A. Mathiessen, I.K. Haugen, P.S. Robinson, A. Solowiej, N. Østerås, T.K. Kvien, H.B. Hammer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Modern imaging techniques such as MRI and ultrasound (US) have shown high prevalence of synovitis in OA. It is debated whether erosive hand OA is an inflammatory subset with more synovitis than conventional OA, or just a severe form of the disease. A recent study found higher frequency of US-detected synovitis in erosive hand OA compared to non-erosive hand OA. However, the study did not adjust for severity of structural damage.[1] <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine whether the higher prevalence of synovitis in erosive hand OA is associated with structural joint damage. <h3>Methods</h3> The MUST cohort included n=630 participants with self-reported OA in hands, hips or knees who underwent hand US examinations and radiographs. The present analyses include 293 participants fulfilling the ACR-criteria for hand OA and without coexisting inflammatory joint diseases (224 women, mean (SD) age 64.9 (8.5) years). Three physicians (AM, PSR, AS) performed US examinations of 15 finger joints bilaterally, assessing grey scale synovitis (GS) and power Doppler (PD) signals (0-3 scores). Erosive hand OA was defined at patient level (n=86) as having one or more interphalangeal joint(s) (IPJ) with radiographic central erosions. The frequency of US inflammation (absent/present) was calculated in IPJ (rays 2-5 bilaterally) across degrees of radiographic severity (Kellgren Lawrence grade). <h3>Results</h3> In total 86 participants (29.4%) had at least one erosive IPJ (median (range) 5 (1-15) erosive joints). On joint level, 4558 finger joints were examined, of which n=359 (7.9%) were erosive. Prevalence of GS and PD increased with more structural joint damage independent of erosive status (table). Overall, participants with erosive disease demonstrated more inflammation than participants with non-erosive disease (table), but joint inflammation was not more common in erosive joints compared to non-erosive joints in participants with erosive hand OA (table). Furthermore, erosions were almost exclusively present in joints with moderate and severe structural OA (KL grade 3-4). Inflammation in joints with KL grade 3-4 only was actually less common in the erosive joints compared to non-erosive joints (statistically significant for grey scale synovitis only). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Prevalence of inflammation in hand OA joints is associated with degree of joint damage independent of the patient having erosive OA or not, suggesting that erosive hand OA is a more severe form of OA rather than a separate entity. <h3>References</h3> Kortekaas MC, Kwok WY, Reijnierse M, et al. In erosive hand osteoarthritis more inflammatory signs on ultrasound are found than in the rest of hand osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Jun; 72(6):930-934. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0057 Increased IL-35 Serum Levels in Systemic Sclerosis Indicates Association with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: A.T. Dantas, S.M.C. Gonçalves, M.C. Pereira, R.S.G. Gonçalves, C.D.L. Marques, M.J.B.D.M. Rego, I.D.R. Pitta, A.L.B.P. Duarte, M.G.D.R. Pitta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Experimental studies indicate that interleukin-35 (IL-35) is an important anti-inflammatory cytokine and can efficiently suppress T effector cell activity and reduce the progression of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, its real role in the pathophysiology of human diseases is still unclear. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the serum IL-35 level and its association with clinical manifestations in patients with Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). <h3>Methods</h3> IL-35 serum levels were measured by ELISA from 56 patients with SSc and 53 healthy controls. Association of IL-35 serum levels with clinical parameters were sought. <h3>Results</h3> Serum IL-35 levels were significantly higher in SSc patients (5.08±0.76pg/ml) than in healthy individuals (1.89±0.69 pg/ml; P&lt;0.0001). There were no differences in serum IL-35 levels between those with limited cutaneous SSc and those with diffuse cutaneous SSc (4.87±1.07 and 5.32±1.11 pg/ml, p=0.776), but both levels were higher than control group (p&lt;0.0001). Patients with lung fibrosis had higher IL-35 levels than those without fibrosis (7.75±1.36 and 3.08±0.70 pg/ml, respectively, p=0.0022). Regarding treatment, patients taking azathioprine had increased IL-35 levels (8.81±1.81 pg/ml) compared to those not taking (4.35±0.82 pg/ml, p=0.0220). <h3>Conclusions</h3> IL-35 is elevated in the serum of patients with SSc and is associated with lung fibrosis. Our findings suggest that this cytokine can have a role in fibrotic diseases but further studies are needed to address the role of IL-35 in the pathogenesis of SSc. <h3>References</h3> Collison LW, Workman CJ, Kuo TT, Boyd K, Wang Y, Vignali KM, et al. The inhibitory cytokine IL-35 contributes to regulatory T-cell function. Nature 2007;450:566-9. Niedbala W, Wei XQ, Cai B, Hueber AJ, Leung BP, McInnes IB, et al. IL-35 is a novel cytokine with therapeutic effects against collagen-induced arthritis through the expansion of regulatory T cells and suppression of Th17 cells. Eur J Immunol;37:3021-9. Ouyang H, Shi YB, Liu ZC, Wang Z, Feng S, Kong SM, et al. Decreased interleukin 35 and CD4+EBI3+ T cells in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Am J Med Sci 2014;348:156-61. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Comparison of CAF versus CMFP in metastatic breast cancer: analysis of prognostic factors.
Authors: M Goodyear
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.3.442 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3512787 Comparison of CAF versus CMFP in metastatic breast cancer: analysis of prognostic factors. M GoodyearxM GoodyearSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.3.442 First Page PDF © 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology