tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1313: SPARC enhances radiosensitivity by inhibiting radiation-induced SOX-4 transcription factor in medulloblastoma
Authors: Chandramu Chetty, Praveen Bhoopathi, Meena Gujrati, Dzung H. Dinh, Jasti S. Rao, Sajani S. Lakka
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Radiotherapy is frequently applied to control local tumors and works by directly killing tumor cells and inducing apoptosis of tumor vascular endothelial cells. Recently, it has been demonstrated that expression of secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), a member of the matricellular family of proteins that modulate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, correlates with radio-resistance in several tumor types. We therefore investigated the anti-tumor effects of combining exogenously expressing SPARC full length cDNA with irradiation (IR) on medulloblastoma in vitro and in vivo. We studied a combination response of SPARC overexpression and IR; specifically, we determined cell survival using clonogenic assay, conducted cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry, and assessed apoptosis using TUNEL staining in vitro in D283 and DAOY medulloblastoma cells. We demonstrated that SPARC overexpression prevented IR-induced p53 upregulation and p53 phosphorylation on serine 15. Irradiated tumor cells induced SOX-4-mediated DNA repair gene XRCC1, checkpoints-2, 1 and p53, which were abrogated with combined treatment of SPARC overexpression and IR as determined by western blotting. Further, DAOY orthotopic tumors treated with combined exogenously expressed SPARC and IR showed significantly greater growth inhibition than tumors treated with IR alone. These results suggest that SPARC overexpression in combination with radiotherapy can inhibit SOX-4-mediated DNA repair mechanisms induced by radiation and provide evidence of the anti-tumor efficacy of combining SPARC overexpression with ionizing radiation as a new therapeutic strategy for the effective treatment of medulloblastoma patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1313.
Findings From Year 3 Of The National AAAAI/ACAAI Surveillance Study: Clinical Practices Related To Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (SCIT) Administration And The Risk Of Systemic Reactions (SRS)
Authors: T.E.G. Epstein, G.M. Liss, K. Murphy-Berendts, D.I. Bernstein
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Abstract 4042: Activation of ErbB2 results in decreased Par6-associated aPKC kinase activity
Authors: Kannan Krishnamurthy, Victoria Aranda, Senthil Muthuswamy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Loss of epithelial cell polarity is often associated with the development of carcinoma. Polarized MDCK cells and MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells grown in 3D are useful model systems to study the regulation of cell polarity in vitro and to investigate the interaction of oncogenes and cell polarity proteins. Using these experimental models, we have previously demonstrated that activation of the oncogene ErbB2 disrupts apical-basal polarity in mammary epithelial cells. Activated ErbB2 associates with the Par6-aPKC polarity complex and the interaction between Par6 and aPKC is indispensible for ErbB2-mediated disruption of cell polarity and inhibition of apoptosis. Following ErbB2 activation, we find a decrease in Par6-associated aPKC kinase activity. Furthermore, kinase dead aPKC cooperates with activated ErbB2 to transform mammary epithelial cells in vitro, without inducing any changes in proliferation of cells grown on plastic dishes. Taken together, our data implicate a target (or targets) of aPKC as a likely determinant of ErbB2-mediated disruption of cell polarity and transformation. Identification of these substrates could lead to the development of novel biomarkers to monitor the progression of ErbB2 positive tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4042. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4042
IMPACT OF TRANSITIONING FROM SPECT TO PET ON MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA DETECTION: EXPERIENCE FROM A HIGH VOLUME “REAL WORLD” PRACTICE
Authors: Kent G. Meredith, Ritesh Dhar, Steve Mason, Stacey Knight, Denise Bruno, Raymond McCubrey, Viet Le, James R. Revenaugh, Edward Miner, Donald Lappe, Jeffrey Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOLÓGICAS E HISTOLÓGICAS DE LAS LESIONES COLÓNICAS DE EXTENSIÓN LATERAL. ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO ORIENTE/OCCIDENTE: NATIONAL CANCER CENTER HOSPITAL EAST Y GRUPO REM DE LA SEED
Authors: E Albéniz, M Fraile, K Kaneko, H Ikematsu, N Pin, P Alonso, D Martínez, C Guarner, CJ Gargallo, F Ramos, S Soto
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: Las lesiones colónicas de extensión lateral (LST) se caracterizan por un patrón de crecimiento no polipoide. Se clasifican en neoplásicas (adenoma, adenoma serrado) y no neoplásicas (pólipo hiperplásico, lesión sesil serrada). Pocos estudios muestran las características de estas lesiones en países occidentales.
Guidelines for the Ethical, Social and Legal Issues in Prenatal Diagnosis
Authors: Tabitha M. Powledge, John Fletcher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

MEDICINE'S ability to collect information about the fetus has increased dramatically in the last few years. A variety of technics — collectively known as prenatal diagnosis — have made it possible to learn much about a fetus's genetic and metabolic state, chromosomal constitution (including gender), bone structure and other information, and, moreover, to learn it earlier and earlier in gestation.Many of the technics yield this information at a time that makes the selective abortion of a fetus legally possible. Selective abortion is morally unacceptable to many people. This report does not discuss this question in detail. It recognizes that . . .
AB1096 Overactive lifestyle in patients with fibromyalgia as a core feature of bipolar spectrum disorder
Authors: A. Alciati, P. Sarzi-Puttini, A. Batticciotto, P. Sgiarovello, F. Atzeni, J. Angst
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a diffuse musculoskeletal pain disorder, accompanied by tenderness on examination at specific anatomic sites known as tender points (TP), fatigue and non-restorative sleep. <h3>Objectives</h3> We tested the hypothesis that the premorbid overactivity previously described in subjects with chronic fatigue and pain is a core feature of the manic/hypomanic symptoms characterizing bipolar spectrum disorders. <h3>Methods</h3> 110 consecutive patients with fibromyalgia were assessed for bipolar spectrum disorders using two approaches. The first was based on a version of the DSM-IV SCID-CV interview modified to improve the detection of bipolar spectrum disorders, the second on the hypomania symptom checklist HCL-32, which adopts a dimensional perspective of the manic/hypomanic component of mood by including sub-syndromal hypomania. <h3>Results</h3> The total sample included 110 patients (8 males and 102 females) with a mean age of 46.12±12.1 years). All patients were of Caucasian ethnicity and had a mean educational level of 11.6±3.37 years. The patients reported having had their first fibromyalgia symptoms an average of 10.8±9.8years before our psychiatric examination, but the time to diagnosis was 7.9±8.6 years. The modified SCID-CV diagnosed high rates of bipolar spectrum disorder in patients with fibromyalgia (86.3%). Of those, 63 subjects (67.7%) had a major bipolar spectrum disorder, namely bipolar II disorder and 32 (32.3%) a minor bipolar spectrum disorder, i.e. minor bipolar disorder and pure hypomania. Patients with fibromyalgia plus a major bipolar spectrum diagnosis did not differ from those with minor spectrum disorders in their demographic and clinical aspects. Hypomanic symptom counts on the HCL-32 confirmed high estimates of the bipolar spectrum, with 79% of subjects scoring 14 (threshold for hypomania) or above. No statistically significant differencesbetween the percentage of major bipolar spectrum and minor bipolar spectrum patients endorsing the individual items of the HCL-32 were found. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Overactivity reported in previous studies may be considered a core feature of hypomanic symptoms or syndromes associated with bipolar spectrum disorders. Major and minor bipolar spectrum disorders are not associated with differences in demographic or clinical characteristics, in accordance with the growing body of studies showing that sub-threshold bipolar spectrum syndromes have relevant clinical severity and functional impairment. <h3>References</h3> Van Houdenhove B, et al. Premorbid overactive lifestyle and stress-related pain/fatigue syndromes. J. Psychosom. Res. 2005; 58: 389-90. Angst J, et al. The HCL-32: towards a self-assessment tool for hypomanic symptoms in outpatients. J. Affect. Disord. 2005; 88:217-33. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Peginesatide for Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Not Receiving Dialysis
Authors: Iain C. Macdougall, Robert Provenzano, Amit Sharma, Bruce S. Spinowitz, Rebecca J. Schmidt, Pablo E. Pergola, Raja I. Zabaneh, Sandra Tong-Starksen, Martha R. Mayo, Hong Tang, Krishna R. Polu, Anne-Marie Duliege, Steven Fishbane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Peginesatide is a peptide-based erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) that may have therapeutic potential for anemia in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of peginesatide, as compared with another ESA, darbepoetin, in 983 such patients who were not undergoing dialysis.In two randomized, controlled, open-label studies (PEARL 1 and 2), patients received peginesatide once a month, at a starting dose of 0.025 mg or 0.04 mg per kilogram of body weight, or darbepoetin once every 2 weeks, at a starting dose of 0.75 μg per kilogram. Doses of both drugs were adjusted to achieve and maintain hemoglobin levels between 11.0 and 12.0 g per deciliter for 52 weeks or more. The primary efficacy end point was the mean change from the baseline hemoglobin level to the mean level during the evaluation period; noninferiority was established if the lower limit of the two-sided 97.5% confidence interval was -1.0 g per deciliter or higher. Cardiovascular safety was evaluated on the basis of an adjudicated composite end point.In both studies and at both starting doses, peginesatide was noninferior to darbepoetin in increasing and maintaining hemoglobin levels. The mean differences in the hemoglobin level with peginesatide as compared with darbepoetin in PEARL 1 were 0.03 g per deciliter (97.5% confidence interval [CI], -0.19 to 0.26) for the lower starting dose of peginesatide and 0.26 g per deciliter (97.5% CI, 0.04 to 0.48) for the higher starting dose, and in PEARL 2 they were 0.14 g per deciliter (97.5% CI, -0.09 to 0.36) and 0.31 g per deciliter (97.5% CI, 0.08 to 0.54), respectively. The hazard ratio for the cardiovascular safety end point was 1.32 (95% CI, 0.97 to 1.81) for peginesatide relative to darbepoetin, with higher incidences of death, unstable angina, and arrhythmia with peginesatide.The efficacy of peginesatide (administered monthly) was similar to that of darbepoetin (administered every 2 weeks) in increasing and maintaining hemoglobin levels. However, cardiovascular events and mortality were increased with peginesatide in patients with chronic kidney disease who were not undergoing dialysis. (Funded by Affymax and Takeda Pharmaceutical; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00598273 [PEARL 1], NCT00598442 [PEARL 2], NCT00597753 [EMERALD 1], and NCT00597584 [EMERALD 2].).
PTU-190 Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy in Patients with Unexplained Anaemia/Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: E Docherty, A Koulaouzidis, S Douglas, J N Plevris
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The use of small-bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) has revolutionised investigating the small-bowel. However, there are only few reports <sup>1,2</sup> on the Diagnostic Yield (DY) of SBCE in patients (pts) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and unexplained anaemia and/or obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective study; our SBCE database was searched (March 2005 to August 2012) for pts with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Subsequently, electronic case notes of pts with low eGFR who underwent SBCE for anaemia and/or OGIB were retrieved and abstracted. A mean eGFR value -for up to 5 years prior to SBCE- was calculated for each case. Severity of CKD was defined according to Renal Association recommendations as: stage 3 (eGFR: 30–59); stage 4 (eGFR: 15–29); and stage 5 (eGFR &lt; 15 or on dialysis). Numerical values were expressed as mean ± SD or median (range). <h3>Results</h3> In the aforementioned period, 69 pts with eGFR &lt; 60 were referred for SBCE. 65/69 (92.8%) had CKD stage 3 (eGFR 49 ± 7.9) and 4/69 (7.2%) stage 4 (<i>n</i> = 3) or 5 (<i>n</i> = 1). 51/65 (78.5%) of stage 3 CKD pts were referred for SBCE due to unexplained iron deficiency anaemia and/or OGIB [43 (66.1%) &amp; 8 (12.3%), respectively]. 25/51 (49%) had normal SBCE, while 17/51 (33.3%) had angioectasias; other findings were active bleeding (<i>n</i> = 2), non-specific fold oedema (<i>n</i> = 2), ileal erosions (<i>n</i> = 1), adenocarcinoma (<i>n</i> = 1) and inconclusive/videos not available (<i>n</i> = 3). All pts (<i>n</i> = 4) with CKD 4 or 5 were referred due to unexplained anaemia. 3/4 (75%) had angioectasias and 1 normal SBCE. Faecal calprotectin (FC) was measured in 12 pts with CKD stage 3 and unexplained anaemia prior to SBCE; No sinister pathology or significant small-bowel inflammation was found in this subgroup. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SBCE has limited DY in CKD pts referred for investigation of unexplained anaemia. The most common finding is angioectasias, while sinister small-bowel pathology is rare. Furthermore, FC measurement prior to SBCE -in this cohort of pts- is not associated with increased of DY. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Karagiannis S <i>et al</i>. Wireless capsule endoscopy in the investigation of patients with chronic renal failure and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (preliminary data). World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:5182–5. Ohmori T<i></i><i>et al</i>. Abnormalities of the small intestine detected by capsule endoscopy in hemodialysis patients. Intern Med 2012; 51:1455–60.
Abstract 615: Knock-down of base excision repair genes increases susceptibility to organophospate pesticide toxicity.
Authors: Marilyn D. Saulsbury, Simone Heyliger, Feng Li, KiTani A. Parker-Johnson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Organophosphates are chemicals that inhibit cholinesterases and are employed widely as pesticides. Concerns are increasing regarding the relative safety of these chemicals to the environment. Recent studies suggest organophosphate exposure is associated with increased expression of fragile sites and DNA damage at concentrations that are not associated with cholinesterase inhibition. Chronic exposure to the organophosphate has been associated with high incidences of prostate cancer in farm workers as well as leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in adults and children. Moreover, a higher degree of DNA damage has been reported in pesticide applicators that have polymorphisms in the base excision repair genes XRCC1 and OGG1. Our laboratory reports that cells deficient in BER enzymes APE1 and OGG1 exhibit a higher cytotoxicity when exposed, in a dose-dependent manner, to organophosphates Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-oxon and Isofenphos. However, it should be noted that other organophosphates such as Diazinon and Dichlorvos had very little effects on cellular viability within the APE1 and OGG1 deficient cells. It should be noted that Chlorpyrifos, Chlorpyrifos-oxon and Isofenphos also produce significant oxidative stress in cells. Our data is consistent with previous studies which report a higher degree of DNA damage has been reported in pesticide applicators that have polymorphisms in the base excision repair genes XRCC1 and OGG1. Moreover, our data further suggests that only certain organophosphates, particularly those that induce oxidative stress, may be responsible for toxicity in APE1 and OGG1 deficient cells. Citation Format: Marilyn D. Saulsbury, Simone Heyliger, Feng Li, KiTani A. Parker-Johnson. Knock-down of base excision repair genes increases susceptibility to organophospate pesticide toxicity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 615. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-615
Low Uptake of Tc-99m Tetrofosmin in Lung Cancer
Authors: BENJAMIN FRANC, MICHAEL GORIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Technetium-99m tetrofosmin has been used as a tumor-imaging agent in cases of lung cancer. The authors present a case showing a lung tumor that concentrated Tl-201 distinctly more than Tc-99m tetrofosmin during a dual-isotope cardiac examination. A brief review of the literature is provided and possible explanations for this difference in tracer uptake are discussed.
THU0073 Loss of Tyrosine Kinases Leads to Enhanced Osteoclastogenesis in a Murine Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: M. Bonelli, S. Blüml, C. Böhm, A. Hladik, E. Goncalvesalves, W. Ellmeier, J. S. Smolen, C. Scheinecker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Tyrosine Kinases (TEC) family members like Btk and Tec play an important role in osteoclastogenesis. However, little is known about the role of Tec on osteoclast under auto-inflammatory conditions such as in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> We therefore investigated the role of Tec in the collagen induced arthritis model (CIA) of RA. <h3>Methods</h3> CIA was induced in wild-type (WT) and Tec-/- mice at week 10 of age by immunization with chicken collagen II (CII). After 3 weeks mice received a booster injection of CII. Mice were scored for paw swelling and grip strength. Anti-CII antibody levels were determined by ELISA. After 60 days all animals were sacrificed and paraffin sections of the affected joints were analyzed for histomorphologic signs of inflammation, cartilage and bone destruction. To analyse in vitro osteoclastogenesis calvarial osteoblasts from WT and Tec-/- mice were stimulated with Vitamine D and dexamethasone and cocultured with bone marrow cells from WT or Tec-/- mice. Cells were stained with TRAP and mononuclear cells with more than 3 nuclei were defined as osteoclasts. <h3>Results</h3> All animals immunized with CII developed serum anti-CII antibodies. No difference was observed for paw swelling and grip strength between Tec-/- and WT animals. However, in contrast to the clinical data, histological analysis revealed a significant increase in osteoclasts numbers in Tec-/- as compared to WT mice. In line, the local bone destruction was significantly increased in Tec-/- mice compared to wt mice. The amount of synovial inflammation, however, was not different between the groups. To further elucidate this mechanism we performed osteoblast assays where we observed increased numbers of TRAP positive cells in Tec-/- mice, suggesting that osteoblasts from Tec-/- mice induce osteoclastogenesis more efficiently than WT osteoblasts. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results show that Tec is an important regulator of osteoclast differentiation and local bone destruction in inflammatory arthritis. Furthermore coculture experiments suggest that Tec regulates osteoblast function in an inflammatory environment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Norms, causes, and alternative possibilities
Authors: Peter Menzies
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2010)

Abstract I agree with Knobe's claim in his “Person as Scientist, Person as Moralist” article that moral considerations are integral to the workings of people's competence in making causal judgments. However, I disagree with the particular explanation he gives of the way in which moral considerations influence causal judgments. I critically scrutinize his explanation and outline a better one.
Neuronal heparan sulfates promote amyloid pathology by modulating brain amyloid-β clearance and aggregation in Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Chia-Chen Liu, Na Zhao, Yu Yamaguchi, John R. Cirrito, Takahisa Kanekiyo, David M. Holtzman, Guojun Bu
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Deleting neuronal heparan sulfates in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease results in faster Aβ clearance, reduced Aβ aggregation, and less amyloid pathology.
An Intrathoracic Wandering Spleen in a Patient with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: R S Ratani, D C Yang, J Kalani, H T Winer-Muram, C Okadigwe, M Siddalingappa, R M Steiner
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 38-year-old man with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome was examined for abdominal pain and fever. An In-111 leukocyte scan performed to detect the possible source of occult sepsis revealed intense activity above the liver. The presence of the intrathoracic spleen was confirmed on a Tc-99m sulfur colloid scan. Computed tomography showed herniation of the stomach, colon, and spleen through a large diaphragmatic defect into the chest. The mechanism of a wandering spleen in this patient is most likely ligamentous laxity caused by Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, which also accounts for the hiatus hernia.
Abstract ADV18: American indian screening initiatives: Gaining trust- reducing disparities.
Authors: Kim Powell
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The Montana Affiliate of Susan G. Komen for the Cure® is dedicated to combating breast cancer at every front. Up to 75 percent of the Affiliate's net income goes toward funding grants to local hospitals and community organizations that provide breast health education and breast cancer screening and treatment programs for medically underserved women. The remaining income supports the national Komen Grants Programs, which funds groundbreaking breast cancer research, meritorious awards and educational and scientific programs around the world. The Montana Affiliate of Susan G. Komen for the Cure serves the 4th largest geographic area in the country. American Indians living throughout Montana as members of seven distinct and independent tribal reservations, most in rural or “frontier” regions of the state. American Indian women in MT are more likely to live in poverty, be uninsured and face a higher risk of death from breast cancer due to late diagnosis. To address this, Komen Montana has embarked on a comprehensive approach to address disparities and barriers that American Indian Women face in breast cancer screening. Since 2002, Komen Montana has funded screening mammography programs including funding mobile mammography clinics at PowWow events. Komen MT has partners with state as private agencies to identify traditional beliefs and Native cultural beliefs that serve as a deterrent to quality breast health programs. Most recently, a Komen Montana Community Grant, “Going Pink on the Red Road: has facilitated formation of a seven-tribe advisory council to draw upon the strengths of tribal representatives in the development of culturally specific resources and methods. Komen Montana seeks to provide a significantly positive impact for American Indian women in the area of breast health by decreasing barriers, increasing culture-specific access and intervention, and decreasing the morbidity and mortality among Native women. Citation Format: Kim Powell. American indian screening initiatives: Gaining trust- reducing disparities. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr ADV18. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-ADV18