tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disparities in Absolute Denial of Modern Hepatitis C Therapy by Type of Insurance
Authors: Vincent Lo Re, Charitha Gowda, Paul N. Urick, Joshua T. Halladay, Amanda Binkley, Dena M. Carbonari, Kathryn Battista, Cassandra Peleckis, Jody Gilmore, Jason A. Roy, Jalpa A. Doshi, Peter P. Reese, K. Rajender Reddy, Jay R. Kostman
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)
Abstract 4477: Characterization of AZD5363, an orally bioavailable, potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of AKT kinases with pharmacodynamic and antitumor activity in preclinical models
Authors: Barry R. Davies, Richard Luke, Phillippa Dudley, Hannah Greenwood, Claire Crafter, Sabina Cosulich, Ken Page, James Yates, Clare Lane, Derek Yu, Jingchuan Zhang, Martin Pass
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract AKT is a key node in the most frequently de-regulated signaling pathway in human cancer, and has been shown to mediate resistance to a range of cytotoxic, anti-hormonal and targeted therapies. AZD5363 inhibits all AKT isoforms with a potency of &amp;lt;10 nM, and inhibits phosphorylation of the AKT substrate PRAS40 in BT474c cells with a potency of 0.31 μM. AZD5363 monotherapy inhibits the proliferation of 22/150 solid and hematological tumour cell lines with a potency of &amp;lt; 1μM. Cell lines derived from breast cancers show the highest frequency of response. Pharmacodynamics have been studied in BT474c xenografts growing in nude mice following oral dosing. A dose of 300 mg/kg AZD5363 significantly inhibits pPRAS40, pGSK3β and pS6 for at least 24 h; pPRAS40 was inhibited by 70-90% for 24 h following a 300 mg/kg dose. These biomarkers were also significantly inhibited for at least 8 h following a 100 mg/kg dose. A good correlation was observed between plasma exposure of AZD5363 and inhibition of PRAS40 phosphorylation (EC50 ∼ 0.1 μM). Chronic dosing of AZD5363 causes dose-dependent inhibition of BT474c xenografts; schedules of 300 mg/kg qd and 150 mg/kg bd resulted in &amp;gt;90% inhibition of BT474c xenograft growth. Chronic monotherapy dosing resulted in profound growth inhibition or regression of multiple other xenografts derived from a range of solid tumour types. AZD5363 also greatly enhanced the anti-tumor activity of cytotoxic and novel targeted therapies in xenograft models. It is concluded that AZD5363 is a potent inhibitor of AKT with pharmacodynamic and anti-tumor activity in vivo, and has potential to treat a range of solid and hematological malignancies. AZD5363 is currently in phase 1 clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4477. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4477
Abstract 2787: PrimePanel provides a high throughput in vitro drug screening platform that intimately links to in vivo pharmacological analysis in PDX models.
Authors: Yanxia Zhang, Yuqiang Ge, Yanan Liu, Jing Zhao, Lanhua Li, Meng Qiao, Jinying Ning, Jiping Zha, Guizhong Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Patient derived xenografts (PDX) are in vivo animal tumor models established directly from patient tumor samples without any in vitro manipulation. It has been shown that these tumor xenografts maintain essential histopathological features and genetic profiles of the original tumors, and thus are the most clinically relevant animal models for cancer drug discovery. Comparing to the traditional cell line derived xenograft (CDX) tumor models, however, one challenge encountered by the PDX in vivo studies is the lack of corresponding in vitro cell culture system for cost-effective and high throughput drug screening and model selection. Here we set out to establish such an in vitro platform, so-called PrimePanelTM, by deriving homogeneous primary cancer cell cultures from the PDX tumors in several major tumor types. These cells are early passage cultures (usually p&amp;lt;10), which maintain similar cellular characteristics as the corresponding tumor xenografts, including the genomic mutational status, biochemical signaling, and responses to tumor cell autonomously targeted therapeutics. Thus, PrimePanelTM offers a higher throughput, faster turnaround, more versatile and lower cost platform to assess drug efficacy prior to in vivo study, which could fulfill a critical need in early stage drug discovery. Citation Format: Yanxia Zhang, Yuqiang Ge, Yanan Liu, Jing Zhao, Lanhua Li, Meng Qiao, Jinying Ning, Jiping Zha, Guizhong Liu. PrimePanel provides a high throughput in vitro drug screening platform that intimately links to in vivo pharmacological analysis in PDX models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2787. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2787 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Case 49-1990
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, G. Richard Olds, James V. Harmon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Presentation of CaseA 47-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever and pleuritic chest pain.The patient was in excellent health until one week earlier, when he awoke in the morning with severe pain in the left posterolateral aspect of the neck that moved to the left anterior thorax by late in the afternoon; the pain was exacerbated by deep inspiration and was accompanied by mild dyspnea.Four days before entry fever developed, and the patient came to the Emergency Ward, where physical examination showed that the temperature was 39.3°C. Crackles were heard at both lung bases, . . .
Deaths Related to Liposuction
Authors: Rama B. Rao, Susan F. Ely, Robert S. Hoffman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The technique of tumescent liposuction involves the subcutaneous infusion of a solution containing lidocaine, followed by the aspiration of fat through microcannulas. Although the recommended doses of lidocaine are as high as 55 mg per kilogram of body weight, few safety data are available. Since reporting of adverse events associated with tumescent liposuction is not mandatory, the incidence of complications and deaths is unknown.
How neuronal activity regulates glioma cell proliferation
Authors: Mariella G. Filbin, Rosalind A. Segal
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Tumors are complex organs with numerous interactions among malignant and nontransformed cells of their microenvironment. Nonmalignant cells in the tumor microenvironment were recently shown to contribute to all hallmark capabilities of cancer cells and exert a tumor-promoting effect at all stages of carcinogenesis.1
Microsatellite instability as a predictor of chemotherapy efficacy in colorectal cancer
Authors: G. Des Guetz, B. Uzzan, P. Nicolas, P. Schischmanoff, J. Morere
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4117 Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) status is a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer (CRC), but its ability to predict chemotherapy (CT) efficacy either in adjuvant or metastatic setting is still controversial. We aimed to assess the capacity of MSI status to predict the efficacy of CT in terms of Overall Survival (OS), Relapse Free Survival (RFS) in adjuvant setting or Response Rate (RR) in metastatic setting. Methods: Studies (full articles) were identified by an electronic search using online PubMed, with a set of keywords used simultaneously (colorectal neoplasm, chemotherapy, microsatellite instability, prognosis). Abstracts from ASCO and AACR proceedings were also reviewed. Articles were mainly obtained from cross-checking of references and from a previous meta-analysis (MA) on the prognostic role of MSI (Popat, 2005). By convention, a Hazard Ratio (HR) lower than 1 for MSI-high (MSI-H) status compared with microsatellite stable (MSS) corresponded to a better survival. We used EasyMA software, available online. Results: Our main MA found 18 independent studies including 4 abstracts, but we could perform statistical calculations in only 11 studies dealing with adjuvant CT representing 5087 patients; mean age: 64 years; 1489 stage II and 2648 stage III (64 %). MSI-H was found in 644 patients (15 % of the global population), MSS in 3624. Seven studies (one randomised) assessed 2 cohorts receiving or not an adjuvant CT, 4 studies only included patients receiving CT with a total of 2879 patients receiving 5FU-based CT, 2018 did not. Global HR OS (10 studies) was 0.79 (95 % confidence interval or CI: 0.65–0.95; p = 0.01), global HR RFS (7 studies) was 0.73 (95 % CI: 0.60–0.89; p < 0.001).In addition, we performed another MA of 5 studies dealing with metastatic CRCs treated with combination of oxaliplatin, CPT11 and /or capecitabine /5FU (860 patients; mean age: 63; 87 MSI-H, 733 MSS) showing no benefit of CT in terms of response rate for MSI-H patients compared with MSS. Conclusions: Among MSI-H patients compared with MSS, adjuvant CT was associated with a significantly better survival. Pooling of a large number of patients allowed to reach significance, although none of the individual studies was statistically significant. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cytometry by time-of-flight immunophenotyping identifies a blood Sjögren's signature correlating with disease activity and glandular inflammation
Authors: Michael Mingueneau, Saida Boudaoud, Scott Haskett, Taylor L. Reynolds, Gaetane Nocturne, Elizabeth Norton, Xueli Zhang, Myrtha Constant, Daniel Park, Wenting Wang, Thierry Lazure, Christine Le Pajolec, Ayla Ergun, Xavier Mariette
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
P2-12-17: Prospective Evaluation of the Conversion Rate of HER2, ER and PR between Primary Tumors and Corresponding Metastases. CONVERTHER/GEICAM 2009–03 Study.
Authors: de Dueñas E Martinez, A Lluch, A Guerrero, JI Chacon, R Perez, S Antolin, I Blancas, J Ferrer-Lozano, O Burgues, A Lopez, AM Gonzalez-Angulo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: A substantial number of small studies, most retrospective, have shown variable degrees of discordance in HER2, ER and PR expression between primary and metastatic breast cancer. This may have prognostic and therapeutic implications. These discordances could be triggered by tumor somatic mutations, intratumoral heterogeneity, or technical issues with receptor assayes. In this prospective study, we centrally analyzed and determined the changes in receptor status between primary tumor and corresponding metastases. Methods: In 32 Spanish hospitals, patients where primary tumor sample was available, were prospectively included prior to the biopsy of the presumably metastatic lesion. Determinations of ER and PR status (assessed by immuhistochemistry [IHC]) and HER2 status (IHC and FISH) were centrally and blindly performed in both primary tumor and metastases. Concordance rate between local laboratories and central laboratory receptor determinations were analyzed. We also determined whether the biopsy results modified the oncologist initial treatment strategy. Results: A total of 236 patients were included. To today, 183 paired cases were centrally evaluated. Patients in first recurrence were 65% and the mean age was 57.2 years. Biopsy samples were taken from locoregional recurrence (25%), liver metastases (28%), bone metastases (11%), lung metastases (7%) and other locations (29%). In 6.6% of the biopsies normal tissue, benign lesion or secondary malignant neoplasm were seen. The changes in HER2, ER and PR were 17%, 26% and 35% (local lab) and 4%, 12% and 26% (central lab), respectively; and were independent of treatment given or biopsy localization. Concordance rate in HER2, ER and PR between local and central determination were 83%, 92% and 78% (kappa index 0.58, 0.80 and 0.55), respectively. Changes in receptor status lead to a modification in medical management in 16% of patients. Conclusions: A remarkable discordance in receptor status, especially in the hormonal receptors, was found between primary tumor and metastases that implies a change in medical management in 16% of patients. These discordances were reduced but remained after performing in a high-quality central laboratory, so that they could only be partly explained by technical discrepancies in receptor assessments. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-17.
Kaposi's Sarcoma -- What's Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Got to Do with It?
Authors: S E Krown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Angiogenesis, the process of new capillary development, is normally controlled, limited, and dependent on a balance between stimulatory and inhibitory factors. In men, wound healing is the only physiologic example of this process after birth, whereas in women angiogenesis is also necessary for ovulation, the formation of the corpus luteum, and placental development.Angiogenesis is an essential feature of many diseases, among which are cancers, various retinopathies, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and atherosclerosis.1 In these pathologic states, the balance between stimulatory and inhibitory factors favors persistent capillary growth. We can view Kaposi's sarcoma, with its abundant slit-like vascular spaces, proliferating spindle . . .
Abstract 1851: Dietary mixed tocopherols inhibit cell proliferation in mammary hyperplasia, suppress the expression of inflammatory markers, and upregulate PPARγ
Authors: Amanda K. Smolarek, Jae Young So, Paul E. Thomas, Hong Jin Lee, Shiby Paul, Anne Dombrowski, Chung-Xiou Wang, Ah-Ng Tony Kong, Kenneth Reuhl, Mao-Jung Lee, Chung S. Yang, Nanjoo Suh
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Dietary intake of vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin, has been suggested to reduce cancer risk because of antioxidant properties. There are eight different forms of vitamin E which include four tocopherols (with a saturated phytyl tail) and four tocotrienols (with an unsaturated isoprenoid side chain) designated as α, β, γ, and Δ variants. Previous clinical and epidemiological studies on vitamin E and cancer have focused on α-tocopherol. However, γ-tocopherol has demonstrated greater anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity than α-tocopherol. This study assessed the potential chemopreventive activities of a tocopherol mixture containing 58% γ-tocopherol (γ-TmT) in an established rodent model of mammary carcinogenesis. Female ACI rats were utilized due to their sensitivity to 17β-estradiol to induce mammary hyperplasia and eventually mammary tumors. The rats were implanted subcutaneously with estradiol (E2) pellets containing 2.5 mg of E2 and given 0.3% or 0.5% γ-TmT in the diet for 2 or 10 weeks. Serum E2 levels were significantly reduced by the treatment with 0.5% γ-TmT. Serum levels of anti-inflammatory markers, prostaglandin E2 and 8-isoprostane, were suppressed by γ-TmT treatment. Histology of mammary glands showed evidence of epithelial hyperplasia in E2 treated rats. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a decrease in estrogen receptor α (ERα) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and an increase in cleaved-caspase3 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in the γ-TmT treated rats, indicating that tocopherol treatment inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis. Treatment with γ-TmT resulted in a decrease in the expression of ERα mRNA, while ERβ and PPARγ mRNA levels were increased. These data suggest that γ-TmT inhibits the cell proliferation in mammary hyperplasia, suppresses the expression of inflammatory markers, and upregulates PPARγ. In conclusion, γ-TmT may be a promising agent for human breast cancer prevention. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1851. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1851
Abstract LB-151: Targeted gene resequencing in a K-ras-dependent mouse model of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: David G. McFadden, Zhenyu Xuan, Adam Rosebrock, Katerina Politi, Philip Santiago, Emily Hodges, Monte Winslow, Nobuhito Hiramatsu, Mono Pirun, Denise Crowley, Roderick Bronson, Nicholas Socci, Harold Varmus, Greg Hannon, Tyler Jacks
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Progression of lung adenocarcinoma to invasive, metastatic disease is responsible for the majority of deaths from lung cancer and remains incompletely understood. We have developed a genetically-engineered mouse model of lung adenocarcinoma initiated by mutant K-ras and loss of p53 that develops invasive, metastatic disease. In order to identify the genes and pathways that cooperate with oncogenic K-ras and loss of p53 to contribute to tumor development, progression, and metastasis, we have utilized in situ exon capture and massively parallel DNA sequencing to identify somatically-acquired point mutations in advanced stage murine lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. We have initially chosen a target set of 1283 cancer-relevant genes to develop our capture, sequencing, and bioinformatics platforms. Using tumor cell lines derived from K-ras-dependent tumors, we have successfully developed and refined these methods and have identified somatic mutations in our test samples. These mutations have been validated by conventional methods in the tumor cell line and founder tumor DNA. We have developed a production phase target gene set consisting of 1909 cancer-relevant genes and have initiated capture and sequencing of additional murine lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumors. We believe these datasets will expand the understanding of the biology of tumor progression and serve as an important biological filter for human cancer gene re-sequencing efforts. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-151.
Usefulness of PET/CT for the Differentiation and Characterization of Periampullary Lesions
Authors: Mei-Fang Cheng, Hsiu-Po Wang, Yu-Wen Tien, Kao-Lang Liu, Rouh-Fang Yen, Kai-Yuan Tzen, Yen-Wen Wu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

At present, there is no ideal imaging modality for the diagnosis of periampullary lesions. We prospectively evaluated the preoperative diagnostic usefulness of PET/CT for differentiating malignant from benign periampullary lesions.A total of 62 patients aged 27-86 years with periampullary lesions scheduled for surgical resection were consecutively recruited. Dual-phase (18)F-FDG PET/CT was performed in all patients. An additional 3'-deoxy-3'-[(18)F]fluorothymidine (FLT) scan was performed in 21 patients (33.9%). The relationship of visual interpretation, SUV, and lesion to background ratio (LBR) with surgical histopathology diagnosis was evaluated.There were 36 patients with malignancies, 15 with benign neoplasms, and 11 with benign non-neoplasms. Using visual analysis, FDG PET/CT had good sensitivity (86.1%; 31/36), lower specificity (57.7%; 15/26), and fair accuracy (74.2%; 46/62). Regional lymph node metastases were identified in 7 of 11 patients by FDG PET/CT and only in 1 patient by abdominal CT. On the other hand, hepatic metastasis was detected in 1 patient by FDG PET/CT. Dual-phase FDG (P < 0.001) and FLT (P < 0.05) SUV(max) and LBR were significantly higher in malignant than in benign lesions, and in malignant neoplasms than in benign neoplasms. Although average FLT SUV(max) was significantly lower than the average FDG SUV(max) (P < 0.001), the specificity and accuracy of the former were significantly better.FDG PET/CT may help identify patients with periampullary malignancy. FDG SUV(max) and LBR appear to aid in the differential diagnosis and add diagnostic confidence. In addition, higher specificity and diagnostic accuracy may be achieved by additional FLT PET/CT.
Localized myxoid/round cell liposarcoma in adult patients. IL6 protein expression analysis
Authors: C. A. Gomez-Roca, R. Ruiz-Soto, M. Castaing, V. Marty, S. Bonvalot, P. Terrier, C. Le Pechoux, J. Domont, A. Cioffi, A. Le Cesne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

10075 Background: Myxoid/round cell liposarcoma (MLPS) is an uncommon soft tissue sarcoma with a relatively favorable prognosis and is considered a low grade malignancy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 123 localized MLPS adult patients (pts) treated at our institution from 1987 to 2005 was performed. Paraffin embedded tissue was analyzed for IL6, IL6 receptor, NFkB and bcl-2 protein expression (positive (+) or negative) by tissue microarray immunostaining. Results: The median age of the 77 males and 46 females was 42 years (yr) (range 15–70). Lower extremity (LE) was the site more affected (77 pts). Median tumor size was 11 cm (range 2.5–40 cm), 87 were deep tumors and 63 were grade 1 tumors. Preoperative biopsy was carried on 38 pts. All but 2 pts underwent surgery (R0 24%, R1/R2 76%); 44 pts had a second surgery. Chemotherapy (CT) and radiation therapy were given to 30% and 52% of pts respectively. Complete remission was achieved in 98% of pts. After a median follow up of 6 yr (range 0.1–19 yr) 53 pts relapsed (43%); 37 locally, 11 distant and 5 both. Metastases occurred in 26 pts, 17 solitary and 9 multiple. The 5-yr, 10-yr and 15-yr DFS were 56%, 48% and 44% respectively. Median time to first relapse was 6.5 yr (range 0.1–16 yr). The 5-yr, 10-yr and 15-yr OS are 90%, 79% and 64% respectively. Tumor site, pre-surgical biopsy, R0 surgery and second surgery correlates with a better DFS in the multivariate analysis. So far 19 tumors have been studied for, NFkB (+) 57%, IL6 (+) 47% and Bcl2 (+) 30%, positivity. All tumors (+) for IL6 were also (+) for IL6 receptor. None of the proteins correlated to DFS and/or OS. Conclusions: Pts with localized resected MLPS require a prolonged follow-up since relapses occur after 10 yrs. PFS and OS correlate with an optimal loco-regional treatment. Half of MLPS expressed IL6, probably involving an autocrine phenomenon; whether this cytokine is involved in tumor aggressiveness, remains to be established. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Expandable Metal Stents for the Treatment of Cancerous Obstruction of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Todd H. Baron
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Expandable metal stents have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of gastrointestinal obstruction due to cancer. Although they have not been approved for use in benign disease, there are specific clinical indications for which expandable metal stents may be beneficial. This article reviews the uses of expandable metal stents for gastrointestinal obstruction due to cancer.General ConceptsGastrointestinal stents are placed by gastroenterologists under endoscopic guidance with the aid of fluoroscopy or by interventional radiologists using fluoroscopic guidance alone. Expandable metal stents are made of metal alloys and have varying shapes and sizes, depending on . . .
Federal Agency Releases Guidelines for Pain Treatment
Authors: Nancy Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Federal Agency Releases Guidelines for Pain Treatment Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 7, 6 April 1994, Pages 490–491, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.7.490 Published: 06 April 1994