tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Perioperative chemotherapy and cytoreductive surgery with versus without HIPEC in gastric cancer with limited peritoneal metastases: A randomized phase III study (GASTRIPEC).
Authors: Beate Rau, Markus Loeffler, Horst-Guenther Rau, Udo Sulkowski, Jan Kuhlmann, Arved Weimann, Tobias Keck, Martin Angele, Stefan A. Topp, Alfred Koenigsrainer, Evelyn Kuhnt, Albrecht Kretzschmar, Wolfram Trudo Knoefel, Peter C. Thuss-Patience
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

TPS4132 Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can improve prognosis of patients with peritoneal metastases (PM) in colorectal cancer. In gastric cancer (GC) patients with PM this concept is under debate. Perioperative chemotherapy has been shown to improve survival in gastric cancer. In patients with limited PM systemic chemotherapy, a palliative gastrectomy and CRS may prolong survival compared to chemotherapy alone (Sun) in selected patients. It is unclear whether HIPEC has an additional benefit in this setting. The GASTRIPEC trial (NCT02158988) will clarify the role of HIPEC. Methods: It is an open label, multicenter randomized phase III trial. 180 patients with histological proven GC or GE-junction and PM will be included. All patients will receive 3 cycles of pre- and postoperative chemotherapy, dependent on the HER 2 status (Her 2 + ve: cisplatin, capecitabine, trastuzumab (CCT); HER 2 –ve: epirubicin, oxaliplatin, capecitabine (EOX). All patients will receive gastrectomy and peritonectomy. Patients randomized into group B will be treated with additional intraoperative HIPEC with Mitomycin C and Cisplatin for 60 minutes at 41-43°C. Main inclusion criteria: Histological proven PM in GC including adenocarcinoma of the GE-junction, no evidence of distant metastases in CT scan chest and abdomen other than PM (exception of Krukenberg tumors), estimation of peritoneal cancer index via staging laparoscopy or laparotomy, possibility of 80% tumor reduction at CRS, Karnofsky lndex > 70%, written informed consent. We hypothesize a hazard ratio for overall survival as the primary endpoint of 0.65 (9 months in None-HIPEC versus 13.8 months in HIPEC arm). With an alpha error of 0.05 and a power of 80 percent 180 patients need to be enrolled. Secondary endpoints are 30 days complication-rate, time to progression, quality of life, toxicity, adverse events. 18 patients are included since March 2014. Conclusion: The GASTRIPEC trial may help to clarify the role of HIPEC in addition to systemic chemotherapy, gastrectomy and CRS in GC patients with limited PM. Clinical trial information: NCT02158988.
Platelet Transfusions in Acute Leukemia
Authors: Pierre Tiberghien, Gilles Folléa, Jean-Yves Muller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

To the Editor: In their review article, Hunger and Mullighan (Oct. 15 issue)1 report on the spectacular progress from 1968 through 2009 in survival among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (Figure 1 of the article). During this period, the overall survival among children with ALL increased from less than 10% to more than 90%; this is clear proof of the effectiveness of medical research. In particular, survival increased by more than 50% over the short period between the late 1960s and the early 1970s (Figure 1 of the article). Until the late 1960s, hemorrhage, most often in relation to . . .
A multi-institutional randomized phase II study (NCT01505868) of cabazitaxel (CAB) plus or minus carboplatin (CARB) in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).
Authors: Paul Gettys Corn, Shi-Ming Tu, Amado J. Zurita, Sumit Kumar Subudhi, John C. Araujo, Jeri Kim, Eric Jonasch, Lance C. Pagliaro, Arlene O. Siefker-Radtke, Jennifer Wang, Xuemei Wang, Elisabeth I. Heath, Christopher Logothetis, Ana Aparicio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5010 Background: Standard chemotherapy for mCRPC consists of sequential taxane monotherapy. We examined the contribution of CARB to taxane therapy (Oh, Ann Oncol 2010;21) and the hypothesis that men meeting the previously defined “anaplastic” or aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPCa) clinical criteria (Aparicio, Clin Can Res 2013;19) derive increased benefit from a platinum-taxane combination. Methods: Men with mCRPC were randomized 1:1 (with stratification for AVPCa criteria) to IV CAB (25 mg/m2) or CAB/CARB (25 mg/m2; AUC4) Q21 days with growth factor support until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity or for up to 10 cycles. Imaging occurred every 2 cycles. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS). Secondary objectives included evaluation of safety, PSA response rates, influence of AVPCa criteria on response, and correlation of changes in bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) with response. Results: Since March 2013 we accrued 149 of 160 men and 135 (78 with AVPCa) have received ≥ 1 cycle of therapy. Median follow up is 11.4 months (mo). Median PFS is 4.4 mo (95%CI 2.8-5.7) with CAB vs 6.7 mo (95% CI 5.2-8.2) with CAB/CARB (p = 0.01). In men meeting AVPCa criteria, mPFS is 3.8 mo (95% CI 2.8-5.9) with CAB vs 5.7 mo (95% CI 4.4 = 8.9) with CAB/CARB (p = 0.009). Reductions in PSA > 50%, PSA > 90% and BAP > 50% occurred in 44%, 20% and 25% of men with CAB vs 60%, 28% and 63% with CAB/CARB. In men with RECIST measurable disease, a partial response occurred in 14% (5/35) vs 52% (17/33) with CAB vs CAB/CARB. The most common Grade 3-4 adverse events in the CAB vs the CAB/CARB arms were fatigue (4% vs10%), anemia (2% vs 17%), neutropenia (4% vs 15 %) and thrombocytopenia (0% vs 8%). No men with CAB and 2% with CAB/CARB had febrile neutropenia. Conclusions: Adding CARB to CAB is safe and improves PFS and response rates in men with mCRPC. Men meeting AVPCa clinical criteria benefit most from the CAB/CARB combination. The performance of a molecular signature for the AVPCa (Abstract #150631) will be tested in assembled tissue samples. A confirmatory phase 3 study is warranted to establish combination chemotherapy in advanced prostate cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT01505868.
Tumor Expression of Vitamin D Receptor and Breast Cancer Histopathological Characteristics and Prognosis
Authors: Jamila Al-Azhri, Yali Zhang, Wiam Bshara, Gary Zirpoli, Susan E. McCann, Thaer Khoury, Carl D. Morrison, Stephen B. Edge, Christine B. Ambrosone, Song Yao
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Our previous work has shown low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in association with aggressive breast cancer subtypes. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is central for vitamin D-mediated transcription regulation. Few studies have examined breast VDR expression with tumor characteristics or patient survival.VDR expression in breast tumor tissue microarrays was determined by immunohistochemistry in 1,114 female patients as low, moderate, and strong expression based on an immunoreactive score, and examined with histopathologic tumor characteristics and survival outcomes including progression-free survival, breast cancer-specific survival, and overall survival.A majority (58%) of breast tumors showed moderate or strong VDR expression. VDR expression was inversely related to aggressive tumor characteristics, including large tumor size, hormonal receptor (HR) negativity, and triple-negative subtype (P < 0.05). In addition, VDR expression was also inversely related to Ki-67 expression among patients older than 50 years. Nevertheless, VDR expression was not associated with any patient survival outcomes examined.In a large patient population, VDR expression is inversely associated with more aggressive breast cancer, but not with breast cancer survival outcomes. The present findings of VDR expression are consistent with our previous results of circulating vitamin D biomarkers, which provide two converging lines of evidence supporting the putative benefits of vitamin D against aggressive breast cancer. Because of the observational nature of our analyses, future studies are warranted to establish the causality of the reported associations. Clin Cancer Res; 23(1); 97-103. ©2016 AACR.
임상의가 놓치기 쉬운 간질환 : 원발담즙간경변증
Authors: 김강모 ( Kang Mo Kim )
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2009)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a slowly progressive chronic cholestatic liver disease of autoimmune etiology, characterized histologically by portal inflammation and necrosis of the interlobular and septal bile ducts. Patients affected by PBC are often asymptomatic middle-aged women who are commonly diagnosed after evaluation for abnormal serum liver function tests. Fatigue, pruritus, and/or unexplained hyperlipidemia may also be found at initial presentation. Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA) positivity is nearly diagnostic of PBC when present. The identification of PBC is important, as effective medical therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been demonstrated to slow disease progression and improve survival independent of liver transplantation. However, therapeutic options for the medical complications of PBC, such as fatigue and metabolic bone disease, are currently limited. Mathematical models have been developed which accurately characterize and predict the natural history of PBC.
Exosomal Proteins as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Lung Cancer
Authors: Birgitte Sandfeld-Paulsen, Kristine Raaby Jakobsen, Rikke Bæk, Birgitte Holst Folkersen, Torben Riis Rasmussen, Peter Meldgaard, Kim Varming, Malene Møller Jørgensen, Boe Sandahl Sorensen
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Enhanced MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma Mimicking Encephalitis
Authors: Jingjie Ge, Chuantao Zuo, Yihui Guan, Guixian Zhao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

We present a case of 64-year-old man with primary central nervous system lymphoma that mimicked encephalitis on enhanced MRI and 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. The initial and follow-up MRI showed gradually spread high-intensity patches with nonenhancement in cortices and subcortices, while the 18F-FDG imaging observed mild and inhomogeneous uptake in the corresponding cerebral area particularly in the splenium of corpus callosum. This case indicates that atypical primary central nervous system lymphoma should be noted in differential diagnosis of cerebral disseminated lesions with nonenhancement in MRI or with obscure uptake of 18F-FDG in PET imaging (especially involving the midline of the brain).
What's Wrong With Medical Education?
Authors: D F Magee
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The cognitive-emotional amalgam
Authors: Luiz Pessoa
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract In the précis to The Cognitive-Emotional Brain , I summarize a framework for understanding the organization of cognition and emotion in the brain. Here, I address six major themes that emerged in the commentaries: (1) emotional perception and automaticity; (2) the status of cognition and emotion: together or separate? (3) evolutionary implications for the understanding of emotion and cognition; (4) the diverse forms of cognitive-emotional integration; (5) dual process theories; and (6) functional diversity of brain regions/networks and cognitive ontologies. The central argument is, again, that cognition and emotion are so highly interactive, and indeed integrated, that these two elements blend into a new amalgam.
Dedicator of cytokinesis 8 regulates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 activation and promotes TH17 cell differentiation
Authors: Sevgi Keles, Louis Marie Charbonnier, Venkataraman Kabaleeswaran, Ismail Reisli, Ferah Genel, Nesrin Gulez, Waleed Al-Herz, Narayanaswamy Ramesh, Antonio Perez-Atayde, Neslihan E. Karaca, Necil Kutukculer, Hao Wu, Raif S. Geha, Talal A. Chatila
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Evaluating a clinically and culturally informed survivorship care plan trial for African American breast cancer survivors (AABCS).
Authors: Kimlin Tan Ashing, Kommah McDowell, Shirley Brown, Mayra Serrano, Lily L. Lai, Aria Miller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

71 Background: This randomized control study was designed to evaluate the impact of trial participation on access to survivorship care planning (SCP) and adherence to surveillance recommendations among AABCS. Methods: AABCS were recruited from the State Cancer Registry and support groups. This trial consisted of 1:1 randomization into two conditions: 1) peer navigation + clinically- and culturally-informed breast cancer (BC) materials, and 2) clinically- and culturally-informed BC materials, only. AABCS (N= 29) from advocacy groups were trained as peer navigators, with on-going supervision and monitoring by the research team. The ASCO-SCP template was modified based on input from survivor-advocates to increase clinical, cultural and socio-ecological relevance. The study was implemented using community based-participatory approach. Mailed, self-report assessments were taken at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Results: In total, 112 AABCS who were 6-18 months post initial primary treatment for stage 0-3 BC participated in the study. There was a 74% participation rate and a 64% completion rate. At 6- and 12-month follow-up, 65% and 73% reported access to a SCP, respectively. Improvements from baseline in adherence to SCP surveillance recommendations were observed at 6- and 12- month follow-up assessments regarding physical exam (45.6%, 71.2%, 71.0%, respectively), pelvic exam (39.7%, 45.2%, 46.5%, respectively), breast self-exam (45.0%, 79.0%, 81.2%, respectively), and breast imaging (31.1%, 75.6%, 81.1%, respectively) (p&lt; 0.05). There we no significant demographic, medical or study outcome differences by study condition. Conclusions: Our study findings demonstrate the effectiveness of trial participation in facilitating access to SCP and improved adherence to recommended surveillance. Participation of survivor-advocates in developing culturally-informed BC informational and survivorship care strategies can enhance acceptability and sustainability, especially in community and primary care settings. Untapped opportunities exist for survivor-advocate engagement in survivorship research and practice to address inequities. Clinical trial information: NCT01824745.
Case 19-1981
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Earle W. Wilkins, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Presentation of CaseA 33-year-old man was admitted to the hospital after a vehicular accident.He was well until the evening of admission, when he reportedly drove his automobile into a tree. Rescuers found him lying adjacent to the vehicle and brought him to the hospital. The patient was reported to smoke one package of cigarettes daily and to indulge heavily in alcohol once a week. No further information was obtainable.The temperature was 35.7°C, the pulse 80, and the respirations 20. The blood pressure was 110/60 mm Hg.The patient was obese and stuporous. He moved all extremities purposefully . . .
Differentiation of Human Male Germ Cells From Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro and In Vivo.
Authors: Lian Ma, Xiaoying Wu, Limin Lin, Guangyu Lin, Qiuling Tang, Tianhua Huang, Xueyong Feng, Guixia Ma, Qingdong Xie
Journal: Blood (2009)
AMEBIC DYSENTERY IN CHILDREN.
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TMIC-09GLIOBLASTOMA STEM CELL-DERIVED EXOSOMES PROMOTE M2 POLARIZATION OF HUMAN MONOCYTES
Authors: Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Yuuri Hashimoto, Jun Wei, Maiti Sourindra, David Hawke, Xu Li, Shouhao Zhou, John Yu, Shinji Yamashita, Joy Gumin, Anna Zal, Felix Nwajei, Tomasz Zal, Frederick Lang, Laurence Cooper, Amy Heimberger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Exosomes secreted by cancer cells have pleiotropic functions, and can promote autocrine signaling to distant cells. Elucidating the mechanistic modulation of the immune system by these exosomes provides insight into potential biomarkers for detection, recurrence, and response, and identifies potential new therapeutic targets. METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from human glioblastoma stem cells (GSC) and fibroblasts (control) using differential centrifugation. Fluorescent-labeled exosomes were co-cultured with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy methods were utilized to determine the ability of immune cells to uptake exosomes and to evaluate subsequent intracellular trafficking. The exosomal protein and RNA content was analyzed by mass spectrometry and Nanostring Counter System, respectively. The phenotypic and functional skewing of the monocyte lineage was analyzed after exposing these cells to exosomes. The cytokine array was used to analyze the cytokines generated following treatment of human normal monocytes with exosomes. RESULTS: The GSC-secreted exosomes were preferentially absorbed by CD14+ monocytes and Gr-1+ derived myeloid cells isolated from healthy volunteers and/or glioblastoma patients. When activated, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells could also uptake GSC-secreted exosomes. Confocal microscopy revealed that only monocytes could internalize GSC-secreted exosomes but not fibroblast-secreted exosomes. The exposure to GSC-secreted exosomes induces a phenotypic change in monocytes and prevents them from undergoing apoptosis. GSC-secreted exosomes, but not the fibroblast-secreted exosomes, increased expression of CD163, CD206, and decreased expression of MHC class II. Monocytes treated with GSC-secreted exosomes release IL-6, IL-1RA, CCL3, and CCL4 when compared to cells exposed to fibroblast exosomes. GSC-secreted exosomes contained distinct protein composition in contrast to fibroblast-secreted exosomes that may affect the anti-tumor function of monocyte-derived macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Monocytes demonstrated a preferential uptake of GSC-secreted exosomes which then induced a glioma-supportive M2 phenotype. GSC-secreted exosomes can be a contributing factor in the M2 skewing within glioma microenvironment.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) in african-americans (AA), compared to caucasians (Cauc): A retrospective analysis
Authors: L. C. Olin, G. P. Schechter, R. Amdur, J. L. Ascensao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

17558 Background: CLL is more prevalent in Cauc males, however few data exist comparing different populations. The Washington DC VA patient population is estimated to be 75% AA providing an opportunity to do such a comparison. Methods: Data were collected and reviewed between 1980 and 2007 from patients with the diagnosis of CLL or SLL based on ICD-9 coding. 84 patients were evaluable. Data were analyzed using Student's T-Test and χ2 test. Results: There were 32 AA patients (38%) and 52 Cauc (62%). Mean age at diagnosis was similar: 64.3 years for AA and 66.4 years for Caucasians, p=0.42. Mean absolute lymphocyte counts (ALC) at diagnosis were similar: AA, 19.81 K/cmm and for Cauc 16.03 K/cmm, p=0.43. Staging at diagnosis was evaluated by the Rai and Binet classifications and noted below in the table. Distribution of Rai staging had a p value of 0.052. The p value for Binet staging distribution was 0.018. Hypogammaglobulinemia was less common in the AA than in the Cauc 8/28 (28.6%) versus 28/41 (68.3%) (p=0.001) whereas autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) occurred more frequently in AA 7/24 (29.2%) vs 3/28 (10.7%) (p=0.008). Time to death after diagnosis was significantly reduced in the AA population, at 5.25 years compared to 11.3 years in the Cauc group (p=0.007). Conclusion: There was aproximately a four fold higher prevalence of CLL in Cauc as compared to the AA in this population, with a similar age at diagnosis. AA patients were diagnosed with more advanced disease and more likely to die earlier from it. These data need to be validated and expanded and may have potentially important implications for our understanding and treatment of this disease. Rai Stage African American Caucasian 0 12 (40%) 20 (54.1%) 1 4 (13.3%) 12 (32.4%) 2 4 (13.3%) 5 (13.5%) 3 5 (16.7%) 0 (0%) 4 5 (16.7%) 5 (13.5%) Binet Stage African American Caucasian A 17 (58.6%) 29 (70.7%) B 1 (3.4%) 7 (17.1%) C 11 (37.9%) 5 (12.2%) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tenofovir-associated nephrotoxicity in patients with chronic hepatitis B: two cases
Authors: Hyeki Cho, Yuri Cho, Eun Ju Cho, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Su Jong Yu, Kook-Hwan Oh, Kyoungbun Lee, Syifa Mustika, Jung-Hwan Yoon, Yoon Jun Kim
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2016)

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is effective against chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and its use is increasing rapidly worldwide. However, it has been established that TDF is associated with renal toxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, while severe or symptomatic TDF-associated nephrotoxicity has rarely been reported in patients with CHB. Here we present two patients with TDF-associated nephrotoxicity who were being treated for CHB infection. The first patient was found to have clinical manifestations of proximal renal tubular dysfunction and histopathologic evidence of acute tubular necrosis at 5 months after starting TDF treatment. The second patient developed acute kidney injury at 17 days after commencing TDF, and he was found to have membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with acute tubular injury. The renal function improved in both patients after discontinuing TDF. We discuss the risk factors for TDF-associated renal toxicity and present recommendations for monitoring renal function during TDF therapy. Keywords: Tenofovir; Acute Kidney Injury; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Chronic Hepatitis B; Kidney Tubules