tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Antitumor Immunity in the Shope Papilloma-Carcinonia Complex of Rabbits. II. Suppression of a Transplanted Carcinoma, Vx7, by Homologous Papilloma Vaccine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Evans, C. A., Gorman, L. R., Ito, Y., Weiser, R. S.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Journal Article Antitumor Immunity in the Shope Papilloma-Carcinonia Complex of Rabbits. II. Suppression of a Transplanted Carcinoma, Vx7, by Homologous Papilloma Vaccine Get access C. A. Evans, C. A. Evans Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. R. Gorman, L. R. Gorman Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Y. Ito, Y. Ito Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. S. Weiser R. S. Weiser Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 29, Issue 2, August 1962, Pages 287–292, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/29.2.287 Published: 01 August 1962 Article history Received: 26 December 1961 Published: 01 August 1962
AB0261 Drug Survival and the Associated Predictors Among Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Receiving Tacrolimus
Authors: E.K. Park, S.G. Lee, D.W. Koo, G.T. Kim, J.W. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Drug survival can be considered as a composite measure of efficacy and safety in clinical practice. Although the drug survival rate of biologic agents in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has recently been extensively studied, only few studies have examined the drug survival rate for tacrolimus (TAC) in such cases. <h3>Objectives</h3> The present study aimed to investigate the drug survival rate of TAC in the treatment of RA and to analyse the potential predictors of this rate in routine clinical care. <h3>Methods</h3> In this retrospective longitudinal study, we enrolled 102 RA patients treated with TAC for at least 1 year from April 2009 to January 2014 at a tertiary centre in South Korea. The causes of TAC discontinuation were classified as lack of efficacy (LOE), adverse events (AEs), and others (patient or medical decision and miscellaneous). The drug survival rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and the predictors of this rate were identified by Cox-regression analyses. <h3>Results</h3> TAC was discontinued in 27 of 102 RA patients (26.5%), after a mean duration of 34.1 months; the number of TAC discontinuations due to LOE, AEs, and others was 15 (14.7%), 11 (10.8%) and 1 (1%), respectively. The 2-year survival rate for TAC was 78.3% (Figure 1). Multivariable Cox-regression models indicated that compared to RA patients with low or moderate disease activity (Disease Activity Score 28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-ESR] ≤5.1), RA patients with high baseline disease activity had a significantly higher risk of TAC discontinuation, regardless of the cause (HR=2.49; 95% CI=1.16-5.35, p=0.019), or specifically, due to LOE (HR=3.55; 95% CI=1.25-10.09, p=0.02). Moreover, younger age (&lt;60 years) at the start of TAC treatment was marginally associated with worse TAC survival due to LOE (HR=4.46; 95% CI=1.00-19.91, p=0.050). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the present study, RA patients exhibited a good 2-year TAC survival rate of 78.3%. Moreover, a high baseline disease activity was a significant predictor for TAC withdrawal, regardless of the cause, or specifically, due to LOE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Reply to Saliou et al.
Authors: Charlotte Verfaillie, Marco Bruno, Anne Voor in ’t holt, Jolanda Buijs, Jan-Werner Poley, Arjo Loeve, Juliette Severin, Leo Abel, Bert Smit, Inge de Goeij, Margreet Vos
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

We thank Saliou and Baron for their comments. They state that microbial surveillance of endoscopes by antegrade sampling with a sterile 0.9 % saline solution might be insufficient to reveal the microbial contamination. They also suggest the additional use of thiosulfate during sampling. Unfortunately, in the outbreak we described [1], the use of a thiosulfate-containing buffer would not have been able to detect the microbial contamination. As the manufacturer states, the elevator wire channel of the TJF-Q180V is sealed by an O-ring, which means that separate cleaning is no longer necessary [2]. Moreover, this scope is also designed with a unique distal cap that is fixed, which impairs cleaning and disinfection in the spaces within this cap. Sampling of these spaces is only possible when using an ultrathin swab, as demonstrated in our study, which thereby revealed the VIM-2 producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Recommendations for Evaluating Temporal Trends of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Breast Milk
Authors: Tenzing Gyalpo, Martin Scheringer, Konrad Hungerbühler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Biomonitoring data of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in breast milk are increasingly collected and available for quantitative analysis of levels and time trends. A common approach is to apply log-linear regression to calculate doubling and halving times of the POP concentrations based on the temporal trend observed in breast milk. However, there are different, sometimes conflicting interpretations of these doubling and halving times.We provide a mechanistic understanding of doubling and halving times where possible. Five recommendations are proposed for dealing with POP concentration trends in breast milk during three distinct periods (pre-ban, transition, post-ban period).Using temporal trends of BDE-47 and PCB-153 in breast milk data, we show which information can be gained from the time-trend data. To this end, we analyzed time trends of hypothetical POPs for different periods with time-variant exposure and different intrinsic elimination half-lives, using a dynamic population-based pharmacokinetic model. Different pieces of information can be extracted from time-trend data from different periods. The analysis of trends of short-lived POPs is rather straightforward and facilitates extraction of the intrinsic elimination half-lives from the breast milk data. However, trends of slowly eliminated POPs only provide indications for the exposure time trend.Time-trend data of rapidly eliminated POPs provide information on exposure time trends and elimination half-lives. Temporal trends of slowly eliminated POPs are more complicated to interpret, and the extraction of exposure time trends and elimination half-lives require data sets covering several decades.Gyalpo T, Scheringer M, Hungerbühler K. 2016. Recommendations for evaluating temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in breast milk. Environ Health Perspect 124:881-885; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510219.
Endovascular coil migration and upper gastrointestinal bleed: a causal or casual relationship?
Authors: Naveen Mohandas, Mukundan Swaminathan, Vijayanand Vegiraju, K. Murthy, Aditya Kulkarni, Venkatakrishnan Leelakrishnan, Krishnaveni Janarthan
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 77-year-old man was admitted with an acute cerebral infarct for which he was started on low-molecular-weight heparin and antiplatelets on admission. He had no history of hematemesis or melena; however, his nasogastric tube showed the presence of altered blood.
PWE-125 Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt insertion is safe and effective in district general hospital setting
Authors: A Domanski, C Bent, D Beckett, J Oakes, A Shawyer, E Williams, S Al-Shamma
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) insertion is a recognised rescue treatment for uncontrollable bleeding due to portal hypertension and can also be used for refractory ascites. TIPS is usually performed by interventional radiology (IR) and normally in a 9teaching9 hospital setting. Reported mortality rates are 27–50%.<sup>1</sup> At our institution, a large DGH, a 24-hour IR-led TIPS service has been established since 2007. The aim of this study was to assess technical success, complications and mortality associated with TIPS. <h3>Method</h3> Using a TIPS database, we conducted analysis of patients who had undergone a TIPS procedure between 2007 and 2014. Data collected included demographics, indication, success rate, short and long term complications and mortality. A total of 32 patients were identified and case notes were available for 25. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 25 patients identified, 18 (72%) were male. The mean age was 48.4 (25–73.) Child–s score was A in 5 (20%), B in 11 (44%) and C in 9 (36%). Six patients (24%) had a MELD &lt;12, 11 (44%) 12–18 and 8 (32%) &gt;18. The commonest underlying aetiology was alcohol in 12 (48%), alcohol and HCV in 6 (24%) and NASH in 3 (12%). The commonest indication was uncontrolled/recurrent bleeding in 18 (60%), gastric varices in 3 (12%) and refractory ascites in 4 (16%). Six (24%) had undergone OGD once before TIPS, 9 (36%) had 2 OGDs and 4 (16%) had 3. Technical success was achieved in 23 (92%). Two patients underwent further TIPS refashioning. There was one TIPS thrombosis soon after insertion. Of 21 patients receiving TIPS for bleeding, 18 (86%) required no further endoscopies. Three patients rebled (14%) requiring repeated endoscopy. There were no significant procedure-related complications. Severe refractory hepatic encephalopathy occurred in only 1 patient (4%). The 30-day mortality was 28% (7 patients) and 1-year mortality was 44% (11). Most deaths occurred in patients with Child–s C disease (4 patients at 30-days and 7 at 1-year) with no 30-day mortality in Child–s A. Three patients aged over 65 underwent TIPS, 2 died within 30 days (Child–s B) and 1 within 1 year (Child–s A.) All patients who died had a MELD score &gt;15. The commonest cause of death was either rebleeding or multiorgan failure. <h3>Conclusion</h3> TIPS can be safely and effectively performed in a DGH setting with success, complication and mortality rates comparable to larger 9teaching9 centres. As with other studies, severity of liver disease and age are important predictors of mortality. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Loffroy R, <i>et al</i>. Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the management of acute variceal hemorrhage. <i>World J Gastro</i>. 2013 October 7;19(37):6131-6143
Protective Effect of Parasympatheticomimetic Agents on Ciliated Mucus-Secreting Epithelium&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Hans L. Falk, Ph. D., Paul Kotin, M.D., Herta M. Tremer, Ph. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Exposure of ciliated mucus-secreting epithelium of the esophagus of the frog to parasympatheticomimetic agents protects against the effects of irritant aerosols so that the slowing of mucous stream flow induced by the latter does not occur. The agents studied include 1) acetylcholine and choline-like drugs, 2) cholinesterase inhibitors, and 3) compounds related to nicotinic acid with parasympatheticomimetic properties. Prior application of parasympatheticomimetic agents exerts a prophylactic effect against the subsequent action of irritants. In both instances, protection persists for periods up to 6 hours. Ciliary activity and mucous secretion appear to be locally controlled by acetylcholine activity. Concentrations below those of local or systemic toxicity are capable of inducing the response. Irritants present in the particulate phase of cigarette smoke and urban polluted air induce a slow- ing in the rate of flow of the mucous stream, probably as a result of altera- tion of ciliary activity and modification of mucous secretion. In vivo this has been shown to facilitate prolonged retention of particulate matter settling on the respiratory epithelium of mice, rats, and rabbits. When the particulates consist of or contain known carcinogenic agents, their possible role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary cancer is suggested. The experimental and clinical implications of this finding are discussed.
Corrections to Report of a Trial of Burch Colposuspension
Authors: Linda Brubaker, Morton B Brown, Anne M Weber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

To the Editor: On the basis of a report of an investigator who was using the public data set to replicate our reported data, we identified a coding error related to the urinary stress test used in our trial. We report corrections related to our original research article (April 13, 2006, issue).1 The overall conclusions of the trial remain supported by the corrected percentages, which are as follows: 3 months after surgery, 33.6% of the women in the Burch group and 57.4% of the women in the control group met one or more of the criteria for stress incontinence (P<0.001). . . .
Timing of thoracic irradiation for limited small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: N Murray
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1633 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9552079 Timing of thoracic irradiation for limited small-cell lung cancer. N MurrayxN MurraySearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1633 First Page PDF © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Combined role of vitamin D status and <i>CYP24A1</i> in the transition to systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Kendra A Young, Melissa E Munroe, Joel M Guthridge, Diane L Kamen, Timothy B Niewold, Gary S Gilkeson, Michael H Weisman, Mariko L Ishimori, Jennifer Kelly, Patrick M Gaffney, Kathy H Sivils, Rufei Lu, Daniel J Wallace, David R Karp, John B Harley, Judith A James, Jill M Norris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

We examined whether measures of vitamin D were associated with transitioning to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in individuals at risk for SLE.436 individuals who reported having a relative with SLE but who did not have SLE themselves were evaluated at baseline and again an average of 6.3 (±3.9) years later. Fifty-six individuals transitioned to SLE (≥4 cumulative American College of Rheumatology criteria). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured by ELISA. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms in four vitamin D genes were genotyped. Generalised estimating equations, adjusting for correlation within families, were used to test associations between the vitamin D variables and the outcome of transitioning to SLE.Mean baseline 25[OH]D levels (p=0.42) and vitamin D supplementation (p=0.65) were not different between those who did and did not transition to SLE. Vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D <20 ng/mL) was greater in those who transitioned compared with those who did not transition to SLE (46% vs 33%, p=0.05). The association between 25[OH]D and SLE was modified by CYP24A1 rs4809959, where for each additional minor allele increased 25[OH]D was associated with decreased SLE risk: zero minor alleles (adjusted OR: 1.03, CI 0.98 to 1.09), one minor allele (adjusted OR: 1.01, CI 0.97 to 1.05) and two minor alleles (adjusted OR: 0.91, CI 0.84 to 0.98). Similarly, vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the risk of transitioning to SLE in those with two minor alleles at rs4809959 (adjusted OR: 4.90, CI 1.33 to 18.04).Vitamin D status and CYP24A1 may have a combined role in the transition to SLE in individuals at increased genetic risk for SLE.
FRI0253 Clinical Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Polymyalgia Rheumatica: An Open-Label Study
Authors: E. Toussirot, A. Martin, M. Soubrier, S. Redeker, A. Regent
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Polymyalgia rheumatic (PMR) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that affects elderly people. Corticosteroids (CS) are still the mainstay of therapy for PMR. Despite this treatment, the disease may relapse or CS dosage cannot be tapered or alternatively, some patients are CS-refractory. Methotrexate (MTX) may be helpful in these cases, but this medication gave contradictory results. Anti TNFa are not effective in PMR. Although the pathogenesis of PMR is unknown, overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines can contribute to its development. It has recently been suggested that IL-6 is probably involved in PMR and giant cell arteritis (GCA). Tocilizumab (TCZ), an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, gave promising results in single cases of GCA or in open-label studies. Results on the clinical efficacy of TCZ in PMR are limited. <h3>Objectives</h3> To report our experience (efficacy and safety) of TCZ in the treatment of patients with isolated PMR who had an inadequate response to CS and/or to other conventional therapies. <h3>Methods</h3> A call for observations of all case of patient with PMR who received TCZ was sent to the members of the French specialist network “Club Rhumatismes &amp; Inflammation” (CRI) (rheumatologist and internal medicine). Patients must satisfied the Healey criteria for PMR and had isolated or predominant PMR clinical features. <h3>Results</h3> 7 cases were declared during a 12 months period. Patients included were 4 men and 3 women, mean age 73.4±7.9 years, disease duration 2.3±1.6 years, mean duration of CS treatment before starting TCZ: 16.1±9.2 months. Clinical features were PMR symptoms for all and only one patient had proved associated GCA but without related clinical manifestations. All the patients were CS refractory requiring a daily dosage of prednisone ranging from 10 to 20 mg. Besides CS and before TCZ administration, patients had received MTX (6 cases), leflunomide (1 case) or a TNFa blocking agent (2 cases). TCZ was given as a monthly infusion (8 mg/kg). The mean number of infusions given were 6.4 (range: 3-17). All the patients responded to the treatment with an improvement of the PMR-AS score (score before and after TCZ: 32.3 and 7.8, respectively), and CRP levels (CRP before and after TCZ: 56.9 and 4.6 mg/L). CS dosage was tapered from 15- 20 mg to 2.5-5 mg (5 cases) or stopped (2 cases). Clinical and laboratory improvement were obtained within the first 3 months after the onset of TCZ. The safety was excellent without any adverse event. <h3>Conclusions</h3> As previously reported in GCA, TCZ seems very effective in PMR patients who were unable to taper CS, with a prompt response and a CS- sparing effect. This biological agent may be adequately evaluated in a randomized controlled trial in order to determine its place in the treatment of PMR. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFARERuptured Splenic CapsuleA twenty-two-year-old gravida 4, para 3, was admitted to the hospital in profound shock in the thirty-sixth week of pregnancy. The prenatal course had been normal except for a mild cold until she awakened her husband one night because of not feeling well. Informed that she looked "awful," the obstetrician advised immediate admission, but this was delayed over an hour by a blizzard.On arrival the patient was in critical condition, with an unobtainable blood pressure and a pulse of 110. Barely responsive, she seemed to have some abdominal discomfort. The abdomen was . . .
PTU-208 Short and long-term outcomes of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization – a systematic review of comparative evidence
Authors: S Vellei, G Gravante, A Biondo, P Giordano
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Aim of this study is to assess comparative evidence on short and long term outcomes of transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) vs. stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH), conventional hemorrhoidectomy (CH) and ligasure hemorrhoidectomy (LH). <h3>Method</h3> Litterature review of published prospective controlled trials of THD. Potentially relevant studies were identified by the title and the abstract, searched and selected in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases using the keywords transanal dearterialization, prospective, haemorrhoids, THD, hemorrhoidectomy, artery ligation without language restrictions. Full articles were obtained and assessed in detail. Primary outcome measure was recurrence rate. Secondary outcome measures were postoperative pain and morbidity. <h3>Results</h3> Thirteen studies (THD vs. SH = 5; THD vs. CH = 6; THD vs. LH = 1; THD vs. SH vs. CH = 1) including 947 patients were analysed. There were 452 THD patients, 267 stapled hemorrhoidopexy (SH), 228 conventional hemorrhoidectomy (CH) 68 ligasure hemorrhoidectomy. Six patients had grade I haemorrhoids, 79 patients grade II, 554 patients grade III, 166 patients grade IV and 142 were unspecified. Minimum follow up length ranged from 1 week to 36 months. Mean operative time (minutes) was 33 for THD procedure, 27 for SH and 19 for CH. Postoperative pain was assessed in 12 studies (THD vs. SH = 6; THD vs. CH = 6). All studies demonstrated a trend in favour of THD reaching statistical significance in 7 of the studies. Early complications occurred in 83/427 THD (19.4%), 60/267 SH (22.5%), 54/135 CH (40%) patients. Postoperative bleeding occurred in 10/303 THD (3.3%), 10/165 SH (6.1%), 7/90 CH (7.7%), 12/68 LH (17.6%) patients (<i>P &lt; </i>0.03). Late complications occurred in 16/239 THD (6.7%), 16/147 SH (10.9%) and 14/158 CH (8.9%) patients (<i>P &lt; </i>0.05). Overall recurrent or persistent symptoms were present in 13.7% (62/452) of patients in the THD group, 10.1% (27/267) SH and 6.1% (14/228) in the CH group (<i>P &lt; </i>0.05). Three studies comparing THD vs. SH and 6 comparing THD to CH reported results at a minimum follow up of 12 months. When analysing recurrences according to follow up length, recurrence rate was respectively 12.3% (12/97) for THD, 16.6% (16/96) for SH and 26.6% for CH (4/15) at less than 12 months and 16.6% (50/301) for THD and 6.5% (11/170) for SH and 7.1% (10/140) for CH at 12 months or more. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Comparative evidence on THD is still scarce. However, THD procedure has shown significantly less postoperative bleeding and pain compared to both SH and CH. Late complications are also less frequent following THD. Long-term symptomatic relief seems to be better after SH and CH. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Interaction between antidepressants and perphenazine in psychiatric inpatients
Authors: M Linnoila, L George, S Guthrie
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

In a study of 99 patients receiving amitriptyline or nortriptyline alone and 60 patients receiving one of these antidepressants in combination with perphenazine, the patients receiving the combination medication had up to 70% higher antidepressant plasma levels than patients receiving the antidepressant alone. The groups did not differ significantly in sex, age, smoking behavior, or antidepressant dose level. Due to the possibility of side effects from such combination medication, the authors recommend that depressed patients not responding to the tertiary amine tricyclic antidepressants receive a trial of high doses of the drugs before antidepressant-neuroleptic combinations are administered.