tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physical activity in urban Portuguese adults according to age, intensity and sex
Authors: Joana André, João Carvalho, Luís Raia, João Martins, Adilson Marques
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

The aim was to analyse physical activity (PA) practice of urban Portuguese adults, according to age, intensity and sex. 2657 people (1130 male, 1527 female), aged from 20 to 60 (43±7), participated in the study. Data was collected using a questionnaire about PA type, intensity and amount (frequency and duration). The intensity of PA was divided in low PA (LPA) and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), according to the compendium of PA. Student's t -test, ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis were used to analyse sex and age differences. The subjects reported to practise PA an average of 2.9±3.1 times (male 3.0±3.1, female 2.9±3.1) and 184±214 min/week (male 210±235, female 164±195). For the entire sample there was no significant differences between sexes regarding the number of times they practise PA per week ( p =0.459), but differences were found in the practice of LPA (male 155±70 min/week, female 89±52 min/week, p &lt;0.001) and MVPA (male 224±117 min/week, female 182±94 min/week, p &lt;0.001). Analysing each age-group, men reported to practise significantly more min/week of LPA than women, with the exception of the youngsters (31–40 y – 152±72 vs 101±54, p =0.010; 41–50 y – 147±62 vs 88±54, p =0.001; 51–60 y – 203±80 vs 60±30, p =0.004). For the time expended practising MVPA, it was observed that youngsters and older men and women were not statistically different, even though the men responded to practise more time (20–30 y – 288±127 vs 197±114, p =0.060; 51–60 y – 230±112 vs 207±107, p =0.395). On the other hand, differences on MVPA were found between men and women with 31–40 y (226±123 vs 171±92, p &lt;0.001) and 41–50 y (217±113 vs 187±91, p =0.010). The results showed that although men and women practise PA every week almost the same number of times, men are more active, exercising for longer time than women. We believe that the results are related to the social role attributed to females in society.
Abstract 974: Fellowships in Research and Science Teaching (FIRST): Innovative postdoctoral training for aspiring academic scientists
Authors: Brandi B. Knight, LaTonia Taliaferro-Smith, Arri Eisen, Douglas Eaton
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Fellowships in Research and Science Teaching (FIRST) is a successful, three-year postdoctoral program at Emory University that combines traditional postdoctoral research training with mentored teaching instruction. Supported by the Institutional Research and Academic Career Development Award (IRACDA, K12) in the Division of Minority Opportunities in Research (MORE), FIRST encourages teaching experiences at minority serving institutions (MSIs) in the Atlanta University Center (Clark-Atlanta University, Morehouse College, and Spelman College). Fellows receive formalized instruction in pedagogy through a course entitled A Class within a Class, which provides training in innovative teaching techniques, use of technology in the classroom, course development and assessment, as well as peer-evaluation of lecture styles. Participation in the FIRST program creates a unique training experience that prepares fellows to become successful biomedical researchers as well as effective instructors. Despite having dual responsibilities during postdoctoral training, a study comparing 114 FIRST fellows to 500 traditional postdocs showed that FIRST fellows continue to publish in peer-reviewed journals at the same rate or above traditional postdoctoral fellows. In addition, FIRST fellows continue to pursue academic research careers and receive NIH grant funding. Along with the goals of the IRACDA programs, FIRST fellows have established research affiliations with Emory University and MSIs thus creating a collaborative network between research-intensive intuitions and under-represented minority liberal arts colleges. NIH/NIGMS IRACDA Grant 5K12GM000680 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 974.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Pathologic Complete Response and Survival after Long-Term Follow-Up.
Authors: S. Guiu, L. Arnould, B. Coudert, M. Liégard, F. Mayer, L. Favier, P. Fumoleau
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for 15 to 20% of breast cancers. Despite initial chemosensitivity, patients with TNBC had a poor outcome with worse disease-free and overall survivals than others with non-triple-negative breast cancer. The aim of this single-center study was to describe clinical characteristics, pathologic complete response rate, disease-free survival and overall survival rates after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC.Methods: Forty six consecutive patients with TNBC were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy at Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center. Median follow-up lasted 6.3 years [4.4-10.5y]. Descriptive statistics were performed in this population. Survival rates were calculated according to Kaplan-Meier.Results: Clinical characteristics of patients were the followings: median age was 46 years [24-80y]; 24% had a breast neoplastic hereditary. Initial characteristics of tumors were: 4 T1 (9%), 25 T2 (54%), 17 T3 (37%), 18 N0 (39%), 25 N1 (54%), 3 N2 (7%); 12 grades II (26%), 31 grades III (68%) and 3 (6%) unknown. All the tumors were invasive ductal carcinomas. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy, tumors were classified as pT0 (33%), pT1 (35%), pT2 (30%), pT3 (2%), pN0 (67%) and pN+ (33%). Forty patients (87%) were treated with anthracyclines-based neoadjuvant therapy, 4 (9%) with taxanes and 2 (4%) with another regimen. Pathologic complete response rate was 28.2% according to Chevallier's classification. Forty-five patients (98%) had adjuvant radiotherapy and 20 (43%) had adjuvant chemotherapy. Median disease-free survival was 9.7years [4.4-ND]. The disease-free survival rate was 82.4% [66.6%-91.2%] and 44.8% [23.7%-64%] at 2 and 10 years respectively. Median overall survival was 10.2years [6.4-ND]. The overall survival rate was 97.4% [86.2%-99.6%] and 53.7% [31.8%-71.5%] at 2 and 10 years respectively.Conclusion: The pathologic complete response rate is consistent with that reported in other studies involving neoadjuvant chemotherapy of TNBC and higher than that observed in the other subgroups of breast cancer. However, disease-free and overall survivals are lower than in non triple-negative breast cancers, thereby confirming the worse prognosis of TNBC Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1103.
IS THE EUROSCORE II RELIABLE TO ESTIMATE OPERATIVE MORTALITY OF VALVULAR SURGERY?
Authors: Claire Bouleti, Bernard Iung, Provenchere Sophie, Soleiman Alkhoder, Marie Pierre Dilly, Dominique Himbert, Rachid Ait-Namane, Richard Raffoul, Patrick Nataf, Alec Vahanian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Can the C-14 Urea Breath Test Replace Follow-Up Endoscopic Biopsies in Patients Treated for Helicobacter Pylori Infection?
Authors: VINEET AHUJA, CHANDRESKHAR S. BAL, MAHESH PRAKASH SHARMA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Background: The C-14 urea breath test (UBT) is the most specific noninvasive test to detect Helicobacter pylori, with reported sensitivity and specificity rates of 90% and 95%, respectively. This test has not been evaluated for eradication after a therapeutic trial. The goal of this study was to assess the accuracy of C-14 UBT in the diagnosis and eradication of H. pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who were treated with a triple drug regimen. Methods: Sixty patients with active duodenal ulcers who tested positive for the rapid urease test had a C-14 UBT at 0 weeks (at enrollment) and at 6 and 12 weeks using 5 μCi (185 KBq) of C-14 urea. A single breath sample was collected at 15 minutes for UBT. H. pylori was eradicated using lansoprazole and two antibiotics. Results: Receiver operator characteristic curves showed that, using a value of 400 counts per minute (cpm), UBT had a sensitivity rate of 91%, specificity rate of 93%, positive predictive value of 77%, and a negative predictive value of 97% in the prediction of H. pylori eradication. The mean + 3 SD of H. pylori-negative patients was 380.1 cpm; at this cutoff value, the sensitivity and specificity rates were 91.3% and 92.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The C-14 UBT was an accurate, rapid, and easily administered test to diagnose initial H. pylori infection and to monitor its eradication, thereby obviating the need for repeated endoscopic biopsies.
AB0692 Anti-C1Q antibodies in correlation with lupus nephritis in patients treated by rituximab
Authors: M. Tsanyan, A. Torgashina, E. Aleksandrova, S. Soloviev, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to assess the levels of the antibody to C1q complement component (anti-C1q) in the sera of patients (pts) with lupus nephritis (LN) in relation to the clinical activity of SLE during anti-B-cell therapy with Rituximab (RTM). <h3>Methods</h3> The study involved 41 pts with definiteSLE (3 male, 38 female; mean age Me 27,5[22-36]).The concentration of anti-C1q in the blood were determined by immunoenzyme methods. Associations between levels of anti-C1q antibodies and parameters of LN were statistically analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those with LN (n=25) and without renal involvement (n=16).Marked highly positive (&gt;30U/ml), low positive (10-30U/ml) and negative (≤10U/ml) levels of anti-C1q. <h3>Results</h3> In pts with LN highly positive levels of anti-C1q occurred significantly more frequently than in pts without renal involvement (p=0.04). The majority of pts without LN had negative and low positive levels anti-C1q. In the group of 25 pts with nephritis in 7 were highly positive levels of anti-C1q, and in the rest of pts were found negative and low positive levels of anti-C1q. In pts without nephritis (n=16) in only one was detected highly positive anti-C1q. In patients with nephritis in a month after treatment with RTM was observed a significant decrease of levels of anti-C1q (p=0.002), which persisted through a year after treatment with RTM (p=0.006). There was no association between SLE activity index SLEDAI 2K and the level of anti-C1q before initiating therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of recent studies suggest that there is a link between the presence of highly positive levels of anti-C1q Abs and kidney involvement in SLE. As a result of therapy with RTM revealed a significant decrease of levels of anti-C1q Abs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 4483: Early life exposures and promoter methylation in breast cancer: the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer (WEB) Study
Authors: Menghua Tao, Catalin Marian, Peter Shields, Nancy Postischman, Jing Nie, Christine Ambrosone, Stephen Edge, Shiva Krishnan, Dominica Vito, Maurizio Trevisan, Jo Freudenheim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Abstract Background: Exposures in the peri- and post-natal period (in utero, infancy, childhood, and adolescence) are associated with breast cancer risk, particularly premenopausal breast cancer. Epigenetic alterations in response to these exposures may play a critical role in early life, and then influence breast cancer risk in adult life. Using archived tumor blocks from incident breast cancer cases in a population-based the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer Study (WEB Study), we examined the association between early life exposures and promoter methylation of three tumor suppressor genes (p16, E-cadherin, and RARα2). Method: DNA samples isolated from 803 paraffin embedded tumor tissue were analyzed for hypermethylation status using real time methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP). Unconditional logistic regression was used for case-case comparisons of those with and without promoter methylation to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for associations of early life exposure with the likelihood of promoter methylation. Results: Among premenopausal breast tumors, compared to those with normal birth weight (2.6-3.9 kg), there was increased likelihood of E - cadherin gene hypermethylation in tumors from lower birth weight (≥ 2.5 kg) (OR = 2.79, 95% CI, 1.15-6.82). Height was positively associated with the likelihood of hypermethylation of RAR-α2 gene in premenopausal tumors (OR =3.34, 95% CI, 1.19-9.39). For p16, there was significant differences in the likelihood of promoter methylation of p16 in relation to not having been breast fed in premenopausal tumors (OR = 2.75, 95% CI, 1.14-6.62). Among postmenopausal breast cancers, birth order was associated with increased likelihood of p16 promoter methylation. The likelihood of promoter methylation of the individual genes did not differ by maternal age at delivery, maternal height, age at menarche, age of first live birth, and weight at age 20 in either strata of menopause Conclusion: We found lower birth weight, not having been breast fed, and higher height were associated with promoter methylation of E - cadherin, p16 and RAR-α2 premenopausal breast tumors, respectively, suggesting that early life exposures may affect breast carcinogenesis among younger women through aberrant DNA methylation. Further studies of more genes and larger sample size may provide additional insight. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4483. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4483
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (TAVR) IS ASSOCIATED WITH A HIGHER RATE OF PERMANENT PACEMAKER IMPLANTATION COMPARED TO SURGICAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT (SAVR): A PROPENSITY MATCHED ANALYSIS
Authors: Neeraj Shah, Achint Patel, Nileshkumar Patel, Vratika Agarwal, Jalaj Garg, Nainesh Patel, David Cox
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Comparaison de la dissection sous muqueuse (ESD) et de la mucosectomie cap (EMRC) pour les cancers épidermoïdes superficiels de l'oesophage
Authors: R Altwegg, H Piessevaux, T Aouattah, CPR Yeung, A Jouret-Mourin, P Deprez
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: Le rôle de la dissection sous muqueuse dans les cancers épidermoïdes superficiels de l'œsophage reste controversé en Europe, où la plupart des centres réalisent des mucosectomies en piecemeal, alors que les études japonaises ont montré l'importance de la résection R0, qui ne peut être obtenue que par la résection en mono bloc avec des marges latérales et profondes saines. Le but de l'étude était de comparer l'efficacité de la dissection sous muqueuse (ESD) (réalisée dans notre centre depuis janvier 2007) à la mucosectomie cap (EMRC).
A Patient with Syncope
Authors: Michelle C. Fox, Neal Lakdawala, Amy Leigh Miller, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 35-year-old man presented to the emergency department after having an episode of syncope while playing soccer. Loss of consciousness, which lasted only seconds, was preceded by a brief period of lightheadedness. The patient reported no nausea, diaphoresis, chest pain, or dyspnea.
Abstract 4738: TLR8 stimulation enhances cetuximab-mediated natural killer cell lysis of head and neck cancer cells and dendritic cell cross priming of EGFR-specific CD8+ T cells.
Authors: Ryan M. Stephenson, Chwee Ming Lim, Maura Matthews, Gregory Dietsch, Robert Hershberg, Robert L. Ferris
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Cetuximab is an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb) that prolongs survival in the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), but only in 10-20%. An immunological mechanism of action including natural killer (NK) cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) has been suggested. We investigated the effects of activating toll-like receptor (TLR)-8 to enhance activity of cetuximab-stimulated, FcγR bearing cells. Objective: To determine the capability of TLR8-stimulation to enhance the activation and function of NK cells and dendritic cells (DC) in the presence of cetuximab-coated HNC cells. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), NK, DC and CD8+ T cells were isolated and analyzed using 51Cr release ADCC, flow cytometry analysis, cytokine ELISA, and EGFR853-861 tetramer staining. Results: TLR8 stimulation of unfractionated PBMC led to enhanced cetuximab-mediated ADCC in healthy donors (p=0.01) and HNC patients (p&amp;lt;0.05), which was dependent on NK cells. Secretion of Th1 cytokines TNFα(p&amp;lt;0.0001), IFNγ(p&amp;lt;0.0001), and IL-12p40(p&amp;lt;0.005) was increased. NK cells in TLR8 stimulated PBMC showed higher degranulation marker CD107a expression after incubation with cetuximab-treated HNC cells (p&amp;lt;0.001). TLR8 stimulation enhanced DC maturation markers CD80, CD83, and CD86 in co-culture with NK cells and cetuximab-treated HNC cells. Stimulation of DC using TLR8 agonist plus cetuximab-activated NK cells significantly increased EGFR-specific CD8+ T cell induction, compared to either condition alone (p&amp;lt;0.01). Discussion: VTX-2337 and cetuximab combination therapy can activate innate and adaptive anti-cancer immune responses. Further investigation in human trials will be important for determining the clinical benefit from this combination, and for determining biomarkers of response. Citation Format: Ryan M. Stephenson, Chwee Ming Lim, Maura Matthews, Gregory Dietsch, Robert Hershberg, Robert L. Ferris. TLR8 stimulation enhances cetuximab-mediated natural killer cell lysis of head and neck cancer cells and dendritic cell cross priming of EGFR-specific CD8+ T cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4738. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4738
Thiouracil as a Cause of Neutropenia and Agranulocytosis
Authors: Mark Falcon Lesses, Samuel L. Gargill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

THIOURACIL is an effective agent in the treatment of toxic goiter,1 2 3 but this effectiveness is frequently associated with toxic reactions of varying degrees of seriousness. The most important of these manifestations that have been reported are swelling of the submaxillary salivary gland, drug fever, dermatitis, jaundice, and neutropenia and agranulocytosis.4 , 5 Although most of these complications are formidable, none except agranulocytosis have produced fatalities. The purpose of this study is to inquire further into the undesirable effects of thiouracil on the blood.Sixty-two patients, all but 1 of whom had thyrotoxicosis, have been treated with thiouracil for varying periods of time. . . .
The Deteriorating Administrative Efficiency of the U.S. Health Care System
Authors: S Woolhandler, D U Himmelstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In 1983 the proportion of health care expenditures consumed by administration in the United States was 60 percent higher than in Canada and 97 percent higher than in Britain. To assess the effects of recent health policy initiatives on the administrative efficiency of health care, we examined four components of administrative costs in the United States and Canada for 1987: insurance overhead, hospital administration, nursing home administration, and physicians' billing and overhead expenses. Most data were provided by the two nations' federal health and statistics agencies, supplemented by state and provincial data and published sources. Because data on physicians' billing costs were limited, we estimated a range for these costs by two methods that rely on different sources of data. All figures are reported in 1987 U.S. dollars.In 1987 health care administration cost between $96.8 billion and $120.4 billion in the United States, amounting to 19.3 to 24.1 percent of total spending on health care, or $400 to $497 per capita. In Canada, between 8.4 and 11.1 percent of health care spending ($117 to $156 per capita) was devoted to administration. Administrative costs in the United States increased 37 percent in real dollars between 1983 and 1987, whereas in Canada they declined. The proportion of health care spending consumed by administration is now at least 117 percent higher in the United States than in Canada and accounts for about half the total difference in health care spending between the two nations. If health care administration in the United States had been as efficient as in Canada, $69.0 billion to $83.2 billion would have been saved in 1987.The administrative structure of the U.S. health care system is increasingly inefficient as compared with that of Canada's national health program. Recent health policies with the avowed goal of improving the efficiency of care have imposed substantial new bureaucratic costs and burdens.
P93 Supporting Patient Involvement In Service Development: Eliciting Patient-centred Information To Inform Commissioning Of Copd Services
Authors: F. Early, T. Watts, K. Homan, A. Green, M. Brookes, J. Fuld
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patient involvement in population level health care decisions often involves consultation rather than interactive decision-making. Lack of insight into appropriate methods is a barrier to patient involvement. Working Together for Change (WTfC) is a person-centred process to inform service development. Information from person-centred reviews (PCRs) is themed in a two-day co-production workshop. It is effective in social care and mental health but has not been applied in physical health. We tested its feasibility to improve the quality of person-centred information for COPD commissioners and of patient involvement. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty COPD patients recruited from GP lists, secondary care and support groups participated in one-to-one PCRs. PCRs identified their priorities for what’s working in their life regarding COPD, what’s not working, what’s important to the future. These patients, health service professionals and third sector organisations involved in COPD support were then invited to attend the two one-day workshops. Patients’ priorities were themed collaboratively. Root cause analysis of what was not working was followed by statements of what success would look like if root causes were addressed. Action plans were created. Qualitative data from workshop observations and participant interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Service priorities included information, holistic care, access, dietary support, access to patient information for HCPs. The improved quality of the person-centred information was evident in the ways in which professionals’ understanding of patient needs was enhanced through close, informal interaction with patients and carers, e.g. witnessing difficulties such as simultaneously eating and breathing and other physical limitations that prevent patients following healthcare advice (Table 1). Participation was positive for patients and professionals (Table 1) experiencing it as engaging and collaborative. Patients felt both heard and empowered and felt all the information they offered was precious. <h3>Discussion</h3> Patients found it a powerful experience and felt they made a contribution for the future. Professionals gained emotional and practical insights which inspired motivation for change in service delivery. The process tapped into strong motivations for mutual understanding. It is an effective element in developing person-centred COPD services and is transferable to other LTCs. Supported by grant from the Health Foundation