tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Effects of Carbon Monoxide Exposure on the Exercise Performance of Subjects with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Elizabeth N. Allred, Eugene R. Bleecker, Bernard R. Chaitman, Thomas E. Dahms, Sidney O. Gottlieb, Jack D. Hackney, Marcello Pagano, Ronald H. Selvester, Sandra M. Walden, Jane Warren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease may be adversely affected by the presence of carboxyhemoglobin, even at low concentrations. We investigated the effects of carbon monoxide exposure on myocardial ischemia during exercise in 63 men with documented coronary artery disease. On each test day, subjects performed two symptom-limited incremental exercise tests on a treadmill; the tests were separated by a recovery period and 50 to 70 minutes of exposure to either room air or air containing one of two concentrations of carbon monoxide (117±4.4 ppm or 253±6.1 ppm). The order of exposure was assigned randomly. On each occasion, neither the subjects nor the study personnel knew whether the subjects had been exposed to room air or to one of the concentrations of carbon monoxide. Exposure to room air resulted in a mean carboxyhemoglobin level of 0.6 percent, exposure to the lower level of carbon monoxide resulted in a carboxyhemoglobin level of 2.0 percent, and exposure to the higher level of carbon monoxide resulted in a level of 3.9 percent. An effect of carbon monoxide on myocardial ischemia was demonstrated objectively by electrocardiographic changes during exercise. We observed a decrease of 5.1 percent (90 percent confidence interval, 1.5 to 8.7 percent; P = 0.02) and a decrease of 12.1 percent (90 percent confidence interval, 9.0 to 15.3 percent; P≤0.0001) in the length of time to a threshold ischemic ST-segment change (ST end point) after carbon monoxide exposures that produced carboxyhemoglobin levels of 2.0 percent and 3.9 percent, respectively. The length of time to the onset of angina decreased by 4.2 percent (90 percent confidence interval, 0.7 to 7.9 percent; P = 0.054) at the 2.0 percent carboxyhemoglobin level and by 7.1 percent (90 percent confidence interval, 3.1 to 10.9 percent; P = 0.004) at the 3.9 percent carboxyhemoglobin level. Significant dose–response relations were found in both the change in the length of time to the ST end point (P≤0.0001) and the change in the length of time to the onset of angina (P = 0.02). We conclude that low levels of carboxyhemoglobin exacerbate myocardial ischemia during graded exercise in subjects with coronary artery disease. (N Engl J Med 1989;321:1426–32.)
Case 14-1990
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, T.J. Ryan, J.F. Southern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Presentation of CaseA 76-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of coronary artery disease and staphylococcal sepsis.The patient was well until four years earlier, when he consulted a physician because of "burning" anterior chest pain on exertion. Physical examination showed a Grade 3 systolic ejection murmur and a Grade 1 aortic diastolic murmur. An electrocardiogram revealed atrial fibrillation, with complete right-bundle-branch block and left anterior hemiblock. A Doppler ultrasonographic examination disclosed evidence of aortic stenosis, with an aortic-valve pressure gradient of 75 mm Hg. The patient was referred to this hospital, where cardiac catheterization showed that the . . .
Both Intermittent and Continuous Dosing Regimens Of Pomalidomide Mediate Broad Activation Of Innate and Adaptive Immunity In Relapsed/Refractory Myeloma: Results Of A Phase II Randomized Trial
Authors: Kavita Dhodapkar, Lin Zhang, Rakesh Verma, Kartik Sehgal, Mehmet H. Kocoglu, Madhav V. Dhodapkar
Journal: Blood (2013)
Radiation induced carotid vessel injury in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer
Authors: A. Mayadagli, C. Gemici, G. Yaprak, A. Aksu, N. Ozseker, H. Tepetam
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

17016 Background: Late radiation induced toxicity is mostly related to radiation effect on microvasculature of the tissues. Although the pathophysiology and consequences of radiation injury to the microvasculature of tissues is well-known, the same is not true for large vessels. The consequences of radiation induced large vessel injury as in the carotid arteries can be severe and life-threatening. Recognition and awareness of radiation induced carotid artery changes and its consequences by oncologists are important during follow-up of these patients. Methods: 32 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma treated with radiotherapy were evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography (USG) of the neck for the evidence of carotid artery injury. The time interval between the evaluation and treatment was 1–10 years (mean 5,2 years). Radiation doses to the nasopharynx were between 66 to 70 Gy, to the neck 50 to 70Gy, and 50Gy to the supraclavicular lymphatics. Carotid artery injury was evaluated by intima- media thickness (IMT). IMT was defined as the distance between the echogenic line representing the blood-intima interface and the echogenic line representing the media-adventitia interface. Results: IMT values did not differ significantly with radiation doses (50–60 Gy and 60- 70 Gy). No difference was observed with respect to sex. However there was significant statistical correlation between IMT values and age at the time of irradiation (≤40 and >40), time interval after radiotherapy (≤5 and >5 years), cigarette smoking, hypertension, blood cholesterol and low density lipoprotein levels. Conclusions: Radiotherapy to the head and neck area is a risk factor for vascular disease. Irradiation produces a thickening of the intima-media complex with narrowing of the carotid artery lumen. Transient ischemic attack and stroke are the serious consequences of radiation induced carotid artery injury. Hypertension, diabetes, high blood cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking and old age increase the risk of radiation induced carotid artery damage. Attention must be paid to identify and modify these risk factors together with screening Doppler ultrasonography in order to prevent possible future complications. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Health Care for Elderly Persons — Myths and Realities
Authors: Andrew M. Kramer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Medicare is the largest publicly financed health program in the United States, with total expenditures of $154 billion in 1993 (19.3 percent of total spending on health care) for 36 million elderly and disabled persons.1 According to recent actuarial predictions, the Medicare trust fund that covers hospital care, skilled care in nursing facilities, and home health care (Medicare Part A) will be bankrupt by the year 2001.2 Similarly, supplemental medical insurance (Medicare Part B), which covers physicians' services and outpatient care, is projected to make increasing demands on the federal budget. The growing number of Americans over the age of . . .
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria and Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets
Authors: Martin Tieder, David Modai, Uri Shared, Ruth Samuel, Raphael Arie, Aharon Halabe, Joseph Maor, Joshua Weissgarten, Zhan Averbukh, Natan Cohen, Samuel Edelstein, Uri A. Liberman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Among 59 closely related members of one Bedouin tribe, we identified 9 who had the characteristic features of hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH). We found "idiopathic" hypercalciuria in 21 of the 50 asymptomatic members. The biochemical abnormalities observed in these 21 subjects were qualitatively similar to those in the 9 with HHRH, but were quantitatively milder. The urinary calcium concentration was 0.43 +/- 0.14 mg per milligram of creatinine (mean +/- SD) in the patients with HHRH, 0.34 +/- 0.07 in the subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria, and 0.14 +/- 0.05 in normal subjects from the same tribe. Tubular reabsorption of phosphorus and serum phosphorus concentrations were 3.0 and 4.3 SD units below the age-related mean, respectively, in HHRH, and 1.1 SD units below the normal mean for both variables in idiopathic hypercalciuria. Mean serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) were 303 pg per milliliter in HHRH and 145 pg per milliliter in idiopathic hypercalciuria (upper normal limit, 110). We conclude that the subjects with hypercalciuria and the patients with HHRH shared a hereditary renal phosphate leak that led to hypophosphatemia, elevated serum concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D, increased intestinal calcium absorption, and hypercalciuria. The magnitude of the hypophosphatemia, which regulates 1,25-(OH)2D levels, appears to determine which subjects will have hypercalciuria alone and which will also have bone disease.
Atypical Groin Pain
Authors: Ziad Abbassi, Naiken Surennaidoo, Toni Raffoul
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Marek's Disease Herpesvirus Particles in Tissues From Chickens Free of Precipitating Antibodies
Authors: Judith A. Frazier, P. M. Biggs
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Spleen, thymus, bursa of Fabricius, and sciatic plexus, taken from 7 chickens killed at 4, 7, 10, 14, 18, 21, and 28 days after experimental infection at 1 day of age with the HPRS-16 strain of Marek's disease herpesvirus, were examined with an electron microscope. The chicks were free from precipitating antibodies to Marek's disease virus antigens. Characteristic herpesvirus particles were observed in tissues from 3 birds. Although many particles were intranuclear and unenveloped, enveloped virus was at nuclear membranes, and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies containing enveloped virus, previously seen only in feather follicle epithelium, were also in a few thymic cells.
Prognosis after Surgical Treatment of Granulomatous Colitis
Authors: Donald J. Glotzer, Phillip A. Stone, James F. Patterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

IT has become clear that a number of patients with colonie inflammation, many of whom have previously been treated as having ulcerative colitis or one of its variants, actually have granulomatous colitis (Crohn's disease of the colon).1 2 3 4 5 Studies showing a significant correlation between microscopic granulomas in resected specimens of colon and the clinical and x-ray features described as characteristic of granulomatous colitis6 , 7 help to establish this as a valid clinical entity. The recognition of Crohn's disease in the colon and reports of recurrences after its operative treatment have led some to advise extreme caution in the surgical management of these . . .
60PD Inhibition of pEGFR in paired tumour biopsies from TKI treatment-naïve EGFR mutant NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib (EGFR inhibitor) or gefitinib in combination with durvalumab (anti-PD-L1)
Authors: T. Yeh, V. Jacobs, H. Angell, J. Geradts, J. Hou, J. Karakunnel, C. Barrett
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Is Your Food Free of Wood?
Authors: Johannes Zacherl, Heinrich Zacherl, Lukas Koppensteiner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Foreign bodies are often ingested accidentally — for example, by people with dentures or those with mental impairment.1 Usually, the material passes through the gastrointestinal tract uneventfully.2 We describe a man with abdominal pain that was caused by a toothpick encapsulated in an abscess in the right psoas muscle. A 69-year-old man presented with a three-month history of right-sided abdominal pain. He had no fever, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. The white-cell count was 11,000 per cubic millimeter, the C-reactive protein level was 2.9 mg per deciliter (normal, <0.5), and there were red cells in the urine. Abdominal . . .
Renal Thrombosis Complicating Epidemic Diarrhea of the Newborn
Authors: H. William Clatworthy, Dale R. Dickens, Charles R. McClave
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

RENAL thrombosis may be defined as an acute occlusive phenomenon involving the renal venous system, totally or in part, and resulting in a hemorrhagic destruction and loss of function of the parenchymatous tissue. The condition usually occurs between birth and six months of age, although a case in a patient three years of age has been reported.1 The sexes are equally involved, and the majority of cases are associated with dehydration and sepsis. The disease most frequently complicated by renal thrombosis is acute ileocolitis, particularly epidemic diarrhea of the newborn.The case reported below occurred in 1 of 10 infants . . .
SAT0133 The 10-Year Cardiovascular Risk in Korean Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and its Association with Carotid Ultrasound
Authors: S.M. Jung, J.H. Koh, H.K. Min, J.Y. Lee, J. Lee, J.H. Kim, S.-K. Kwok, J.H. Ju, K.-S. Park, C.-H. Yoon, S.-H. Park
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Cardiovascular (CV) disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study is to assess the 10-year CV risk using three different CV risk score calculators in RA patients, and to investigate the correlation between the calculated risk and subclinical atherosclerosis. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 147 consecutive patients with RA underwent the carotid ultrasound to measure the carotid intra media thickness (IMT). The estimated 10-year CV risk by the systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) model, the Framingham risk score (FRS), and the atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD) risk estimator, was modified according to the EULAR guideline. The association of modified CV risk with the carotid IMT was analysed. <h3>Results</h3> The carotid ultrasound revealed 0.74 mm of mean common carotid artery (CCA) IMT and 44.9% of carotid plaques in the study population. The median of the modified 10-year CV risk evaluated by SCORE, FRS, and ASCVD was 1.5 (Interquartile range [IQR] 0-3), 6.9 (IQR 3.1-11.5), and 3.4 (IQR 1.1-7.8), respectively. When classified by the criteria of the CV risk calculators, 9 (6.1%), 11 (7.5%), and 36 (24.5%) of RA patients were included in the higher risk groups of the respective risk estimators. Patients in high risk groups had significantly greater mean CCA IMT with more frequent carotid plaques, compared to patients in lower risk groups, regardless of the CV risk calculators. The modified CV risk estimated using three different models was clearly correlated with the mean CCA IMT. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The estimated 10-year CV risk was well correlated with the morphological evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis. This study indicates that the assessment of the CV risk using the risk score calculators would be useful in clinical practice for management of RA. <h3>References</h3> Peters, M.J., et al., EULAR evidence-based recommendations for cardiovascular risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, 2010. 69(2): p. 325-31. Park, Y.B., et al., Atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: morphologic evidence obtained by carotid ultrasound. Arthritis Rheum, 2002. 46(7): p. 1714-9. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was supported by a grant from the Korea Healthcare Technology R&amp;D Project, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (HI10C2020). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Renal Hemodynamics and the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System in Normotensive Subjects with Hypertensive and Normotensive Parents
Authors: Ingrid M.S. van Hooft, Diederick E. Grobbee, Frans H.M. Derkx, Peter W. de Leeuw, Maarten A.D.H. Schalekamp, Albert Hofman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The kidney is important in blood-pressure regulation, but its role in the development of essential hypertension is still subject to debate. We compared renal hemodynamics, measured in terms of the clearance of para-aminohippuric acid and inulin, and the characteristics of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in three groups of normotensive subjects at different degrees of risk for hypertension: 41 subjects with two normotensive parents, 52 with one normotensive and one hypertensive parent, and 61 with two hypertensive parents. The subjects ranged in age from 7 to 32 years.
Association of Viral Genome with Graft Loss in Children after Cardiac Transplantation
Authors: Girish S. Shirali, Jiyuan Ni, Richard E. Chinnock, Joyce K. Johnston, Geoffrey L. Rosenthal, Neil E. Bowles, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The survival of recipients of cardiac allografts is limited by rejection and coronary vasculopathy. The purpose of this study in children who had received heart transplants was to evaluate the cardiac allografts for myocardial viral infections and to determine whether the presence of viral genome in the myocardium correlates with rejection, coronary vasculopathy, or graft loss.
P109 Predicting difficult mechanical ventilation in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery: An observational study
Authors: D Hallsworth, R Wingate, A Klucniks, A Manuel
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Morbid obesity and super obesity are associated with increasingly negative effects on respiratory parameters, but beyond BMI itself the physical predictors of difficult intraoperative ventilation have not been demonstrated. We performed a study to identify criteria for the prediction of difficult intraoperative mechanical ventilation in obesity patients. <h3>Method</h3> We performed an observational study of 48 obese patients (BMI &gt;35 kg/m<sup>2</sup>) undergoing laparoscopic surgery (bariatric, upper gastrointestinal and gynaecological). Patients with conditions likely to affect respiratory compliance, e.g. thoracic or spinal deformity were excluded. We analysed biometric measurements such as age, sex, weight and BMI, waist, hip and neck circumferences, waist: hip ratio, STOP-BANG scores, presence of obstructive lung disease and pre-operative oxygen saturation measurements. Respiratory mechanics were assessed pre- and post-pneumoperitoneum using standard Pitot pneumotachograph measurements, including tidal volumes, peak pressures, positive end-expiratory pressure and dynamic respiratory compliance. Differences in ventilator strategy (e.g. volume-control versus pressure-control and tidal volume delivered) were analysed post-hoc. <h3>Results</h3> See Figures 1 and 2. Our study demonstrated a statistically significant correlation between BMI and increased peak pressures both pre- and post-pneumoperitoneum (p &lt; 0.01, Figure 1). Additionally, BMI had a statistically significant negative correlation with respiratory compliance (p &lt; 0.05, Figure 2). Age, sex and absolute weight, neck, waist: hip ratio, waist and hip circumference had no correlation with intraoperative respiratory mechanics. The difference between volume-controlled and pressure-controlled strategies were analysed and shown not to be significant. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our novel study shows increasing BMI has a negative influence on respiratory mechanics of the anaesthetised obese patient. It is important to stress that while BMI is the strongest predictor of increased peak pressure and reduced respiratory compliance, patient positioning and lung recruitment can have positive effects on respiratory mechanics. Further studies are needed to help identify predictors of difficult ventilation in obesity.
Case 47-1972
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, John W. Raker, John S. Kaiser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Presentation of CaseA 65-year old woman was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea.Fifteen years previously biopsy of an enlarged left cervical lymph node revealed giant-follicle lymphoma. Examination disclosed no other evidence of disease, and an x-ray film of the chest was normal. Radiation treatment in a dose of 2000 R was given to the left side of the neck, the left subclavian area, the upper mediastinum and the left axilla. One year later an enlarged lymph node developed in the left submastoid region and disappeared after radiation treatment in a dose of 600 R. Thirteen years before . . .
The Nonvisualized Gall Bladder
Authors: Francis Martin, Antonio G. Massimiano
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

ROENTGENOLOGIC cholecystography is a common procedure and has been extensively employed since Graham and Cole1 introduced their test in 1924. In view of widespread usage and the frequency with which the results are evaluated by surgery there should be general understanding of the probable disease entities represented by the various roentgen appearances.The authors of this paper believe that confusion still exists concerning the proper interpretation of at least one finding — the nonvisualized gall bladder. This confusion may date back to the early days of cholecystography, when sufficient experience had not yet been acquired to standardize the administration of . . .