tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract PD05-09: Whole-genome progression of breast cancer from early neoplasia to invasive carcinoma
Authors: RB West, D Kashef-Haghighi, D Newburger, Z Weng, A Brunner, R Salari, X Guo, M Troxell, S Zhu, S Varma, A Sidow, S Batzoglou
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer evolution involves cycles of genomic damage, epigenetic deregulation, and increased cellular proliferation that eventually culminate in the carcinoma phenotype. Early breast neoplasias include usual ductal hyperplasia, columnar cell lesions, and flat epithelial atypia and some are thought to represent precursor stages. To elucidate their role in cancer evolution we performed comparative whole genome sequencing of early neoplasias, matched normal tissue, and carcinomas from six patients. The identified somatic mutations served as lineage markers to build trees that relate the tissue samples. On the basis of the lineage trees we inferred the order, timing, and rates of mutational events. We find that in a subset of cases, the last common ancestor of an early neoplasm and a carcinoma was hypermutated and had several aneuploidies, and that evolution further accelerated in the carcinoma lineage. In contrast to highly advanced tumors that are the focus of much of current cancer genome sequencing, the early neoplasia genomes, and the carcinomas as well, harbor a striking paucity of potentially functional somatic point mutations. The earliest significant events we could detect, those changes that occurred in common ancestors of neoplastic and tumor cells, are aneuploidies. Several aneuploidies are recurrent, suggesting that they are among the earliest genomic events that predispose breast tissue to eventual development of invasive carcinoma. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD05-09.
Physical activity in relation to urban environments in 14 cities worldwide: a cross-sectional study
Authors: James F Sallis, Ester Cerin, Terry L Conway, Marc A Adams, Lawrence D Frank, Michael Pratt, Deborah Salvo, Jasper Schipperijn, Graham Smith, Kelli L Cain, Rachel Davey, Jacqueline Kerr, Poh-Chin Lai, Josef Mitáš, Rodrigo Reis, Olga L Sarmiento, Grant Schofield, Jens Troelsen, Delfien Van Dyck, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Neville Owen
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
FRI0338 Efficacy and safety of rituximab retreatment in refractory systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis:
Authors: E. Alexeeva, S. Valiyeva, R. Denisova, T. Bzarova, K. Isayeva
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Chimeric monoclonal anti-CD20 B-cell antibody (rituximab) is promising drug for the treatment of systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (SJIA) refractory to immunosuppressive drugs and TNFα-blockers. <h3>Objectives</h3> evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of rituximab retreatment in patients with SJIA. <h3>Methods</h3> 75 patients were enrolled in the study, 36 boys and 39 girs with SJIA. Range of age was from 2,3 to 17 years; mean disease duration was 5,32 (0.6; 7,0) years. Rituximab was administered at a mean dose of 375 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/administration according to the following regimen: 1 dose once a week for 4 consecutive weeks every 24 weeks. The next course of Rituximab was administrated if patients had systemic manifestations, active joints, increasing level of CRP and ESR in 24 weeks after Rituximab treatment. 75 patients have received one treatment course (24 weeks), 72 children have received 2 courses (48 weeks), 55 children have received 3 courses (72 weeks), 38 – 4 courses (96 weeks), 23 – 5 courses (120 weeks). <h3>Results</h3> The ACR Pedi 30, 50, 70 were achieved by 85%,45%, 40% of patients at Week 24 (n=75), and by 90%, 75%, 70% of patients at Week 48 (n=72), respectively. At week 72 (n=69) ACR pedi 50 and 70 were achieved by 75% and 70% of patients. The remission was achieved by 25% of patients at Week 24, by 48% of patients at Week 48, by 65% of patients at Week 72 and by 80% and 90% of patients at Week 96 (n=58) and 120 (n=52).Long-term adverse events included ENT infections, less frequently - skin infections, herpetic infection and pneumonia (in 9 children). Among these children, in 4 patients Pneumocystis was revealed, in 2 patients - Pneumocystis plus Mycoplasma, in 3 patients the causative agent was not identified. All children received antibacterial treatment. In 22 patients neutropenia was observed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Rituximab is effective drug of treatment in patients with SJIA.The remission was achieved by 90% of patients at Week 120. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Intraperitoneal Renal Transplant Mobility The Transposed Transplant
Authors: ARIE RAKUSIN, LEONARD P. CONNOLLY, S. T. TREVES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Transposition of a cadaveric renal transplant from the right to left side of the abdomen is reported. Transposition of the transplant, which had been placed intraperitoneally, produced neither clinical nor scintigraphic evidence of vascular compromise.
AB0271 Changes of serological markers in early and established rheumatoid arthritis (RA) during the course of traditional and biological disease modifying therapy:
Authors: C. Böhler, H. Radner, P. Studenic, J.S. Smolen, D. Aletaha
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid factor (RF) and antibodies to citrullinated peptides (ACPA) are established markers in the diagnostic and prognostic approach to RA<sup>1</sup>. Several studies have examined changes of RF during therapy, but data for ACPA are controversial and scarce, and the effects of RA chronicity are still not completely understood<sup>2</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the influence of treatment response and disease duration on RF and ACPA levels. <h3>Methods</h3> We obtained data of outpatients from a long-term observational database with prospective data entry. We retrieved clinical and serological data of patients treated with methotrexate, leflunomide and/or TNF inhibitors from the treatment start through six months of therapy. For analyses of the effects of treatment response and duration of RA, we calculated the SDAI 50% response at 6 months, and divided the patients into early (≤6 months duration) and established RA (&gt;6 months). We used the Spearman test (r) to analyse correlations between changes in SDAI and changes in autoantibody levels. RF was determined by nephelometry (upper limit of normal [ULN] 14IU/ml) and ACPA by anti-CCP ELISA (ULN: 5U/ml). Only patients with complete datasets for the whole 6 months were selected. <h3>Results</h3> 96 RF and ACPA positive patients were included. Autoantibody levels declined significantly over the 6 months of therapy for both, RF (p=0.01) and ACPA (p=0.05). Treatment responders and patients with short disease duration showed the greatest changes (Table). There was no significant difference in the distribution of relative changes in RF and ACPA (p=0.99). Changes of SDAI correlated significantly with those of RF (r=0.32; p=0,01) and ACPA (r=0.25; p=0,05), particularly in early stages of RA (RF: r=0.52; p=0,05 and ACPA: r=0.59; p=0,01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> RF and ACPA levels decreased in line with the clinical response, especially at early stages of RA. Further research is needed to analyse the impact of early serological changes on the long-term outcome of RA. <h3>References</h3> Song YW, Kang EH. Autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: rheumatoid factors and anticitrullinated protein antibodies. QJM 2010;103(3):139-46. Bobbio-Pallavicini F, Caporali R, Alpini C, Moratti R, Montecucco C. Predictive value of antibodies to citrullinated peptides and rheumatoid factors in anti-TNF-alpha treated patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2007;1109:287-95. Aletaha D, Martinez-Avila J, Kvien T, Smolen J. Definition of Treatment Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on the Simplified and the Clinical Disease Activity Index. [abstract]. Arthritis Rheum 2011;63 Suppl 10:2226. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
India approves leprosy vaccine
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A vaccine against leprosy has been approved by India's drug control agency and is to be incorporated into the national eradication programme. The vaccine is designed to be used as an adjunct to standard multidrug therapy to accelerate healing and reduce the duration and cost of the treatment.

The vaccine, developed at the National Institute of Immunology in New Delhi, is said to be the first in the world that stimulates the immune system to kill Mycobacterium leprae . The vaccine, administered intradermally, is prepared from a killed non-pathogenic strain of Mycobacterium , first isolated in the mid-1970s from the sputum of a patient with tuberculosis …
Intrarenal Distribution of Blood Flow in Dogs during Hemorrhagic Hypotension
Authors: SERGE CARRIERE, GEOFFREY D. THORBURN, CHARLES C. C. O'MORCHOE, A. CLIFFORD BARGER
Journal: Circulation Research (1966)

Renal medullary blood flow was well maintained for several hours after blood loss which produced hypotension. Renal cortical blood flow was altered by trauma and mild hemorrhage even though blood pressure remained normal; rate of blood flow through the subcapsular, peritubular capillaries decreased to the level of that in the outer medulla. With further hemorrhage and the development of hypotension, rate of blood flow in large cortical areas was reduced to that of the outer medulla. With prolonged hypotension, the rate of blood flow in most of the cortex approached outer medullary rate and a single exponential could describe the flow in this combined area. Small regions of even slower flow rate began to appear in the outer cortex; patches of tissue appeared to be completely ischemic. The progression of cortical ischemia noted in these experiments may provide additional evidence for the pathogenesis of the patchy tubular necrosis noted in hemorrhagic shock.
SP0059 Inflammatory Myositis in the 21St Century: Clinical Care and Management
Authors: H. Chinoy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Collaborative work continues to be performed globally to further research and clinical developments in myositis. Serological, image-based and histopathological investigations now allow for a more timely diagnosis, accurately clinical phenotyping and can help to prevent misdiagnosis of disease. Recommended and cutting edge modalities of investigations will be discussed via brief case presentations. The classification of myositis is somewhat more refined than it has been hitherto; great efforts have been made to develop new criteria which will be summarised. The evidence base and consensus for treatment in myositis remains suboptimal, although the use of biologics is slowly increasing; pharma are now conducting multinational trials across the idiopathic inflammatory myopathy spectrum. The development and utility of myositis registries will also be outlined. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6109
The Effect of Spironolactone on Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Severe Heart Failure
Authors: Bertram Pitt, Faiez Zannad, Willem J. Remme, Robert Cody, Alain Castaigne, Alfonso Perez, Jolie Palensky, Janet Wittes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Aldosterone is important in the pathophysiology of heart failure. In a doubleblind study, we enrolled 1663 patients who had severe heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction of no more than 35 percent and who were being treated with an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, a loop diuretic, and in most cases digoxin. A total of 822 patients were randomly assigned to receive 25 mg of spironolactone daily, and 841 to receive placebo. The primary end point was death from all causes.The trial was discontinued early, after a mean follow-up period of 24 months, because an interim analysis determined that spironolactone was efficacious. There were 386 deaths in the placebo group (46 percent) and 284 in the spironolactone group (35 percent; relative risk of death, 0.70; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.60 to 0.82; P<0.001). This 30 percent reduction in the risk of death among patients in the spironolactone group was attributed to a lower risk of both death from progressive heart failure and sudden death from cardiac causes. The frequency of hospitalization for worsening heart failure was 35 percent lower in the spironolactone group than in the placebo group (relative risk of hospitalization, 0.65; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.54 to 0.77; P<0.001). In addition, patients who received spironolactone had a significant improvement in the symptoms of heart failure, as assessed on the basis of the New York Heart Association functional class (P<0.001). Gynecomastia or breast pain was reported in 10 percent of men who were treated with spironolactone, as compared with 1 percent of men in the placebo group (P<0.001). The incidence of serious hyperkalemia was minimal in both groups of patients.Blockade of aldosterone receptors by spironolactone, in addition to standard therapy, substantially reduces the risk of both morbidity and death among patients with severe heart failure.
DOSIFICACION DEL PROPOFOL EN INFUSION CONTINUA: VALIDACION DE UNA FORMULA DE USO UTIL PARA TODOS LOS PACIENTES
Authors: F Igea, S Maestro, A Germade, M Ibañez, S Castillo Rocío, K De Jesus Geneaux, C Ordieres, E Saracibar, A Santamaria, E Madrigal Rosa, J Barcenilla
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La farmacocinética y efectos del propofol son alterados por multiples circunstancias. Edad, sexo, medicación, hábitos tóxicos, enfermedades concomitantes y otras circunstancias influyen en la respuesta al fármaco. El estrecho rango terapéutico complica su administración. Durante los últimos años hemos desarrollado una fórmula de dosificación, basada en la respuesta individual a la inducción. Objetivos: Analizar la eficacia, efectos adversos, variabilidad interexplorador y satisfacción de exploradores y pacientes con dicha fórmula. Material y Métodos: Dosis y velocidad de infusión: Solo en pacientes con fracción de eyección muy disminuida o hipotensión severa se administra previamente 1 – 2 mg de midazolam. Inducimos sedación profunda a un ritmo de 2000 mg/h. Una vez alcanzada multiplicamos x 4 la cantidad necesitada hasta entonces, dicha cifra se establece como ritmo de infusión horario. Registramos parámetros hemodinámicos, satO2, tolerancia, clasificación ASA, enfermedades asociadas y valoración de enfermeria. Se registran los efectos adversos y necesidad de ventilación asistida. Todo ello se almacena en nuestra base de datos. Analizamos mediante paquete estadístico 2922 colonoscopias realizadas entre01/01/2012 y 31/12/2012. Resultados: La dosis media fue de 217,04 mg/exp oscilando entre 201,17 – 239,25 según explorador. Hubo 6 eventos de desaturación grave, solo un caso precisó ambú. 1 enfermo requirió atropina. Las dosis por peso y tiempo fueron significativamente inferiores en EPOC, SAOS, Cardiopatía e insuficiencia renal crónica. Las dosis totales fueron significativamente decrecientes según el nivel ASA. La tolerancia fue muy buena en el 96,2% de los pacientes y buena por el 3,6. Solo 2 pacientes reclamaron más sedación. Conclusiones: 1.-Nuestro sistema de dosificación proporciona una sedación segura y confortable. 2.- Existe buena correlacion entre dosis y riesgo individualizado de los pacientes. 3.- Evita el uso de complejas tablas simplificando el uso del fármaco.
SAT0154 Correlation between Sleep Disturbance, Fatigue and Psychological Features in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Table 1.
Authors: I. Cherif, W. Hamdi, I. Zouch, D. Kaffel, M.M. Kchir
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Sleep disturbance in patients with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) seems to be multifactorial. In fact inflammatory pain, depression and anxiety could have a negative impact in sleep quality in patients with RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate sleep quality and its relationship with psychological features and fatigue in patients with RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We conduct a cross sectional prospective study including patients with RA fulfilling the ACR1987 criteria. The MOS sleep Questionnaire was used for the assessment of sleep disturbance. It is a 12-item questionnaire exploring 6 domains of sleep: sleep adequacy, sleep disturbance, sleep quantity, daytime sleepiness, snoring and shortness of breath or headache. It leads to two sleep problem indexes (SP1 and SP2). Beck depression and anxiety scores (BDI, BAI) were used to evaluate psychological features and Chalder scale was used to evaluate the fatigue. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy cases of RA patients were included. The mean age was 51,9 years (range 18 to 78) with a female to ratio male about 4. The mean VAS for joint pain was 49 [range 0 to 100]. The mean BDI score was 16,5 [range 2 to 48] and the mean BAI score was 16,2[range 0 to 42]. The mean somatic fatigue score was 6,5 [range 1 to 8] and the mean mental fatigue score was 2.3 [range 0 to 6]. The results of the MOS sleep questionnaire and the correlations of its items with BDI, BAI and Chalder scale was presented in table 1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study showed that the poor sleep quality in RA is especially associated with depression anxiety and fatigue <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4666
SAT0368 Outcomes Assessed in Trials of Gout and Accordance with Omeract Recommendations
Authors: F. Araujo, I. Cordeiro, S. Ramiro, J. Branco, R. Buchbinder
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The OMERACT recommendations defined outcomes to be assessed in acute and chronic gout trials in 2005. <h3>Objectives</h3> With the increasing number of trials investigating new treatments for gout, the aim of our study was to assess whether the OMERACT recommendations for acute and chronic gout trials have been adopted. <h3>Methods</h3> We searched Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane databases as well as EULAR and ACR abstracts (2010-11) to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs on any intervention in adult patients with gout. We assessed risk of bias (RoB) according to Cochrane methods. We extracted all outcomes reported in all studies and categorized them as either an OMERACT recommended outcome domain for acute trials, for chronic trials, or a non-OMERACT domain. We compared the number of OMERACT outcomes included in trials according to RoB (low vs unclear and high) and according to recruitment starting before and after the publication of the OMERACT guidelines to determine their impact. <h3>Results</h3> We screened 9517 articles and 113 ACR/EULAR abstracts and 64 publications fulfilled inclusion criteria (36 acute, 28 chronic trials). Table 1 displays the most commonly reported outcomes. Acute gout trials reported an average of 3.0 (SD 1.1) OMERACT outcomes (out of 5 recommended) and chronic gout trials reported on average of 2.4 (SD 1.0) OMERACT outcomes (out of 9 recommended). Joint damage imaging, health-related quality of life (HR-QoL), participation and musculoskeletal function were not assessed in any chronic gout trial, while patient global assessment was only reported in 33% of acute and 4% of chronic trials. Function was reported in 22% of acute gout trials. There was no significant difference between low RoB studies and high or unclear RoB studies in number of OMERACT domains reported (mean (SD): acute gout trials: 3.1 (1.1) vs 2.7 (1.2), P=0.329; chronic gout trials: 2.9 (1.1) vs 2.5 (1.1), P=0.331) or between trials recruiting participants before and after publication of OMERACT guidelines (mean (SD): acute gout trials: 3.0 (1.1) vs 2.0 (1.0), P=0.144; chronic gout trials: 2.7 (1.1) vs 2.3 (1.2), P=0.507). <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is substantial heterogeneity in the measurement of outcomes in clinical trials of gout. To date there has been no appreciable impact of the published OMERACT recommendations in the assessment of outcomes in more recent gout trials. Function and patient global assessment is seldom assessed while participation and HR-QoL were not reported. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Plantar Aponeurosis Exposed
Authors: BRIAN S. McGLONE, QAISAR H. SIRAJ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 42-year-old man with a 2-month history of intermittent episodes of right heel pain was evaluated for an acutely painful right foot. Examination showed a diffusely swollen and erythematous right foot with maximal tenderness over the medial aspect of the right calcaneus. C-reactive protein was measured at 73 mg/l (normal, 0 to 6 mg/l). Intravenous antibiotic therapy was commenced and bone scintigraphy was requested to confirm the clinical impression of septic arthritis. The two-phase bone scan findings of the feet were striking, with the various attachments of the right plantar aponeurosis being vividly seen, consistent with active inflammation. After the scintigraphic diagnosis of plantar fasciitis, antibiotics were discontinued and the patient improved with oral anti-inflammatory therapy.
Chest Pain Explained: Tc-99m Sestamibi Biliary Reflux Into a Stomach Used for Esophageal Replacement in Surgery for Carcinoma
Authors: PHILIP W. WIEST, FRED A. METTLER, ROBERT J. TELEPAK, MICHAEL F. HARTSHORNE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A 57-year-old man had an esophageal resection and replacement with gastric "pull through" surgery that left his duodenum at the level of the diaphragm. A work-up for chest pain was undertaken with a stress-and-rest 2-day Tc-99m sestamibi protocol. Images for both stress and rest scans were performed 1 hour after injection. In both scans, the myocardium labeled normally, but the radiopharmaceutical was found in the stomach in the chest. The stomach's Tc-99m sestamibi activity did not interfere with image reconstruction of the heart. Endoscopy confirmed that the patient had gastritis changes in the stomach. His chest pains disappeared after he was treated medically for gastritis (1-3).
Case 33-2010
Authors: Lucy H. Young, Hasan Bazari, Marlene L. Durand, John A. Branda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 22-year-old woman was admitted because of blurred vision and acute renal failure. One week earlier, pain and blurred vision had developed in the right eye. Valacyclovir, leucovorin, prednisone, sulfadiazine, and pyrimethamine were prescribed. Dark urine, nausea, and vomiting developed.
Commentary: Shortcomings in Risk Projection
Authors: Naomi H. Harley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

40th anniversary at about the same time as that of the detailed investigations into the health effects and risk from exposure to radiation. Follow-up studies of dial painters to determine longterm effects of radium ingestion were begun in the 1940s, follow-up studies of underground miners exposed to ra? don and daughters, persons treated with X-rays for ankylosing spondylitis and the A-bomb survivors were initiated in the 1950s. These studies form the core of most
WHAT IS THE CURRENT STATE OF PALLIATIVE CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH TAVR AND VAD? A SURVEY OF ACC MEMBERS
Authors: James N. Kirkpatrick, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Paul Hauptman, Sarah Goodlin, Stephanie Cooper, Kelli Bohannon, Richard Josephson, Keith Swetz, Mathew Maurer, Scott Hummel, Kelly Ann Light-McGroary, Abby Cestoni, Jorge Brenes Salazar, Caroline Doherty, Craig Alpert, Elizabeth Blume
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Immune response and reactogenicity of intradermal administration versus subcutaneous administration of varicella-zoster virus vaccine: an exploratory, randomised, partly blinded trial
Authors: Chan R Beals, Radha A Railkar, Andrea K Schaeffer, Yotam Levin, Efrat Kochba, Brian K Meyer, Robert K Evans, Eric A Sheldon, Kenneth Lasseter, Nancy Lang, Adriana Weinberg, Jennifer Canniff, Myron J Levin
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)