tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-069 Non-invasive afferent vagus nerve stimulation (nvns) using gammacore (gc) in patients with treatment refractory gastroparesis awaiting enterra gastric neurostimulation
Authors: E Paulon, D Nastou, MF Jaboli, O Epstein
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High frequency, low energy gastric neurostimulation (Enterra<sup>TM</sup>) is indicated for compassionate treatment of patients with refractory gastroparesis. Symptom improvement is reported in 50–60% of patients but not accompanied by improved gastric emptying. It is likely that gastric neurostimulation affects the gut-brain axis influencing autonomic afferents.<sup>1</sup>GammaCore (electroCore, LLC) is a non-invasive, afferent selective vagus nerve stimulator (nVNS) used for the treatment of migraine and cluster headache.<sup>2</sup>We report the first use of gammaCore (gC) in patients with refractory gastroparesis. <h3>Method</h3> 35 consecutive patients with intractable gastroparesis were invited to undergo a course of gC whilst awaiting funding for Enterra. The gC device delivers its stimulus to afferent vagus fibres as they cross the neck adjacent to the carotid arteries and it is programmed to deliver doses of 120 s. Patients were trained to deliver 2 doses (240 secs) to the left and right vagus nerve respectively. This dosing regimen was self-administered 8 hly (12 doses/day) for 2 weeks, increasing in week 3 to 3 doses 8 hly (18 doses/day). Patients were asked to grade their symptoms daily using the 9 item Gastroparesis Cardinal Symptom Index (GCSI) with a 5 point Likert scale. The GCSI was completed for 2 weeks prior and throughout the treatment period. At the end of the treatment period, the mean aggregated GSCI score at baseline was compared with the score of the final week of treatment. Clinically meaningful improvement was defined as a GCSI Likert scale reduction of ≥1. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty-three of the 35 patients (65.7%) used the gC as instructed and completed the diary. At 3 weeks, 8 patients (35%) had a ≥1 reduction in the aggregated GSCI score. Two patients who continued stimulation for more than three weeks had a delayed response, giving a total response rate of 43%. The response was evident within 1 week of commencing treatment in 8/10 responders (80%) and there was symptom recurrence within a week of stopping treatment in all the responders. There were no significant adverse events. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this group of patients with treatment refractory gastroparesis, 1/3 failed to engage with short term nVNS. In compliant patients,43% recorded a fall of ≥1 in their aggregated GCSI score. As gC stimulates afferent vagus fibres, it is likely that the response is mediated at the level of the gut-brain axis. In refractory gastroparesis, gC might offer a new approach to symptom control. The dosing and duration of nVNS required to obtain an optimal response deserves further consideration. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> McCallum RW, <i>et al</i>. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2010;22(2):161–7 Goadsby P, <i>et al</i>. Cephalgia 2014;34(12):986–93
Abdominal lymphoma and intestinal perforation.
Authors: R Rivera-Luna, G Martínez Guerra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.2.285 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2915242 Abdominal lymphoma and intestinal perforation. R Rivera-LunaxR Rivera-LunaSearch for articles by this author , G Martínez GuerraxG Martínez GuerraSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.2.285 PDF "Abdominal lymphoma and intestinal perforation.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(2), pp. 285–286© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
CASE REPORTS
Authors: VERONICA M. PENNINGTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1960)

1. Female psychosexual functioning in a male brain produced by some biochemical malfunctioning in the center of bisexual development antagonistic to the gender represented by the gonads may be the cause of transvestism. 2. Transvestism is perverted behavior which has been corrected chemically by the phrenotropic agents nialamide, chiorpromazine, and meprobamate in a patient whose case was presented, resulting in complete negation of transvestitic symptoms and a return to normal behavior.
Case 35-1986
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, John R. Graham, Robert Fienberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Presentation of CaseA 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of fever of unknown origin.She was in a stable state of health until eight weeks earlier, when she began to experience increasing fatigue. During the next two weeks a nonproductive cough developed, with rise of the temperature as high as 38.4°C, chilliness, sweats, malaise, and a severe headache over the right ear and the occiput. A physician prescribed erythromycin, without improvement, and she was admitted to another hospital. Urinalysis was normal. The hematocrit was 31.5 percent; the white-cell count was 7500, with 86 percent neutrophils. The erythrocyte . . .
FRI0279 High Rate and Bimodal Pattern of Severe Infection in a Selected ANCA Associated Vasculitis Cohort:
Authors: E. Aydın, B. Toz, M. Erelel, B. Erer, B. Artım Esen, A. Gül, M. İnanç, L. Öcal, S. Kamalı
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Increased rate of severe infection (SI) in patients who exposed to immunosuppressive drugs has been a well-known complication in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. However,there are few reports on SI complicating AAV course. <h3>Methods</h3> We investigated the characteristics of "SI requiring hospitalization" in AAV patients with lung involvement who were previously included into a study evaluating lung damage. Data were collected from hospital records between 2000-2014. Demographics, data on infection investigation including blood, sputum and urine cultures, viral serology, PPD/QTB tests, procalcitonin (PCT), imaging and biopsy findings, comorbidites, vasculitis activity and damage scores, cumulative dose of glucocorticoid (GC), cyclophosphamide (CYC) and rituximab (RTX) were noted into a predefined protocol. Infections that could not be revealed by cultures but succesfully treated with antibiotics were categorized as unidentified (UI). We compared the demographic and clinical data, comorbidities, initial BVAS and cumulative VDI scores and GC/CYC doses according to the presence of SI by Mann-Whitney U test. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty-one AAV patients with lung involvement (25 female) (40 GPA, 8 MPA, 3 e-GPA) who were diagnosed according to ACR and CHCC criteria were included into the study. Age at diagnosis and duration of follow-up were as follows: 49±13 years (med 51), 67±52 mo (med 47). Lung (100%), kidney (78%), ENT (72%), nervous system (25%) were the involved organs. ANCA positivity was 94% (66% cANCA/anti-PR3, 34% p-ANCA/anti-MPO). Initial BVAS and cumulative VDI scores were 22±7 (4-38) (med 23), 3,4±2,2 (0-9) (med 3), respectively. Twenty-nine relapses occurred in 15 (29%) patients. Cumulative dose of GC and CYC were 16±9 g (med 14), 17±25 (med 6), respectively. RTX was used in 17 patients. Diabetes (18%), chronic kidney failure (25%) were the major comorbidities and 7% had ESRD. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination and TMP-SMX prophylaxis were applied in one forth and two-thirds of AAV cohort, respectively. Eighty-seven SI noted in 25(52%) patients. Identified and unidentified SI in AAV cohort were shown in Table 1. Recurrent SI occurred in 27% of pulmonary and 33% of non-pulmonary groups. SI was associated with relapse in 16%. Serum PCT level increased in 93% (3.5±16.5, med 0.26) of 33 AAV patients. SI proportion was found to be increased during the first six months (%35) and after the 60th month of follow-up (30%). There were no significant difference between the patients with or without SI according to the risk factors. Four patients died from SI during follow-up. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Prevalence of SI was high and had a bimodal pattern in the early and late phase of AAV. SI was found to have a high proportion of re-occurrence. SI complicated disease relapses in a small group of patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Adolf Meyer and American psychiatry today
Authors: J R Neill
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

After his death in 1950 Adolf Meyer, the "Dean of American Psychiatry," was forgotten by most in the field. As a result, his role in determining the course of psychiatry's current identity crisis remains largely unexplored. Meyer was responsible for enlarging the domain of psychiatry to include involvement in the mental health movement. He fostered a disenchantment with psychiatric diagnosis and with the current ideological pluralism. The authors suggests that there is much in Meyer's thought and work that can be applied to help resolve psychiatry's current crisis.
Effect of 3-Dimensional Vision on Surgeons Using the da Vinci Robot for Laparoscopy
Authors: Shinichiro Sakata, Philip M. Grove, Andrew R. L. Stevenson
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Interventions to Reduce Compulsory Psychiatric Admissions
Authors: Mark H. de Jong, Astrid M. Kamperman, Margreet Oorschot, Stefan Priebe, Wichor Bramer, Roland van de Sande, Arthur R. Van Gool, Cornelis L. Mulder
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Compulsory admissions, defined as admissions against the will of the patient (according to local judicial procedures), have a strong effect on psychiatric patients. In several Western countries, the rate of such admissions is tending to rise. Its reduction is urgently needed.To establish which interventions effectively reduce compulsory admissions in adult psychiatric patients in outpatient settings.A systematic computerized literature search was performed using EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed (not yet indexed for MEDLINE), Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar. Every database was searched from its inception until April 30, 2015.Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that studied any kind of intervention designed to reduce compulsory admission rates in adult psychiatric patients (age range, 18-65 years) in outpatient settings were eligible. Eligibility was independently assessed by 2 of us.Two of us independently extracted relevant data. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used for assessing risk of bias. Overall risk reduction (random-effects estimate) was calculated in the following 4 subgroups of interventions: advance statements, community treatment orders, compliance enhancement, and integrated treatment.Relative risk (RR) was calculated on the basis of the number of patients who had been compulsorily admitted.Our meta-analyses included 13 RCTs comprising 2970 psychiatric patients. The meta-analysis of the RCTs on advance statements showed a significant 23% (RR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.60-0.98; I2 = 2.2%) (n = 1102) risk reduction in compulsory admissions. In contrast, the RCTs on community treatment orders (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.81-1.10; I2 = 0.0%) (n = 742), compliance enhancement (RR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.11-2.37; I2 = 55.7%) (n = 250), and integrated treatment (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.49-1.02; I2 = 49.0%) (n = 876) showed no significant risk reduction in compulsory admissions.The meta-analysis of the RCTs on advance statements showed a statistically significant and clinically relevant 23% reduction in compulsory admissions in adult psychiatric patients, whereas the meta-analyses of the RCTs on community treatment orders, compliance enhancement, and integrated treatment showed no evidence of such a reduction. To date, only 13 RCTs have used compulsory admissions as their primary or secondary outcome measure. This demonstrates the need for more research in this field.
Forecasting Cytokine Storms with New Predictive Biomarkers
Authors: Rayne H. Rouce, Helen E. Heslop
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract Summary: T cells genetically modified with CD19 chimeric antigen receptors have produced impressive clinical responses in patients with refractory B-cell malignancies, but therapeutic responses are often accompanied by cytokine release syndrome (CRS), which can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Teachey and colleagues have identified predictive biomarkers for this complication that may allow testing of earlier intervention with agents such as the IL6 receptor blocker tocilizumab to evaluate whether CRS can be ameliorated without jeopardizing clinical responses. Cancer Discov; 6(6); 579–80. ©2016 AACR. See related article by Teachey et al., p. 664.
On teaching psychotherapy in a community mental health center
Authors: J D Nason
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The author discusses some of the unique problems related to teaching psychotherapy in a community mental health center. These problems arise principally from the diversity of philosophies and backgrounds of the health center staff and the lack of an overriding institutional tradition of psychotherapy. They often result in increased anxiety among trainees and require special attention from the teacher of psychotherapy in this setting.
Radiologic-Pathologic Correlations of Fibrosarcomatous Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans With Various Histological Features on Enhanced MRI and PET/MRI
Authors: Michiyuki Hakozaki, Hitoshi Yamada, Osamu Hasegawa, Kazuo Watanabe, Shinichi Konno
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a cutaneous tumor of intermediate-grade malignant potential, and it rarely shows dedifferentiation to high-grade fibrosarcoma, which is called "fibrosarcomatous DFSP." We present the enhanced MRI and PET/MRI findings and our comparison with pathological findings in a case of fibrosarcomatous DFSP with various histological features.
PTH-263 Analysing short-term outcomes and patient satisfaction with laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy
Authors: T Lo, T Welman, P Nisar, P Trivedi, P Bearn
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Laparoscopic ventral mesh rectopexy (LVMR) has been used to treat rectal prolapse and obstructive defaecation syndrome (ODS). However, limited outcome data have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the indications and outcomes of LVMR by comparing pre-and postoperative function and quality of life. <h3>Method</h3> A Prospective database identified all patients undergoing from November 2011 to July 2014. Cleveland clinic constipation score (CCCS), St Mark’s incontinence score (SMIS), Quality of life SF12 (QOL) and Cleveland surgery satisfaction questionnaire were used to evaluate surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction retrospectively. <h3>Results</h3> 28 LVMRs (26 women, mean age +/− SD, 69 +/− 29 years, median 65 years), were performed during the study period. 25 patients were followed up (median 71 days, range 39 to 197 days). 78% of patients responded to the questionnaire with 15 patients suffered from rectal prolapse and 7 patients ODS). Eight patients underwent LVMR following perineal repair, of these 1 reported recurrence of prolapse and faecal leakage. The mean score for CCCS and SMIS were compared pre and post-operatively. Both showed a reduction in symptoms, scoring 11.0 vs. 7.0 (P &lt; 0.0003) and 12.0 vs. 7.8 (P &lt; 0.0001) respectively. Changes in physical component and mental component summary were observed using QOL SF-12 with no statistically significance and a mean difference of 4.02 and 5.68. 82% of patients completing the Cleveland surgery satisfaction questionnaire would recommend LVMR with a mean score of 4.3 out of 5. <h3>Conclusion</h3> LVMR is associated with low recurrence and a significant improvement in symptoms of pelvic floor dysfunction. Improvement in QOL was observed with the majority of patients recommending this procedure. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Thalidomide Revisited
Authors: Wallace W. McWhirter
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Remember thalidomide? That was the tranquilizer drug developed some years ago in Germany that, although useful for the purpose for which it was developed, was found to have the unfortunate side effect of causing severe birth defects in children whose mothers were inadvertently or inadvisedly given the drug during the early stages of pregnancy. For this reason, further manufacture and sale of the drug was forbidden. In this country, the federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA) refused to license the drug for manufacture and distribution. Following the 1973 US Supreme Court's abortion decision legalizing abortion on demand, the Upjohn Co.'s new drug, Prostin F2-alpha, was placed on the market in December 1973, having been cleared and licensed by the FDA for manufacture and sale as an abortifacient. According to spokesmen for the FDA, this agency had no choice but to approve the drug since it had been
Vascular Reactions of Normal and Malignant Tissues &lt;italic&gt;in Vivo&lt;/italic&gt;. IV. The Effect of Peripheral Hypotension on Transplanted Tumors
Authors: Algire, Glenn H., Legallais, Frances Y.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1951)

Journal Article Vascular Reactions of Normal and Malignant Tissues in Vivo. IV. The Effect of Peripheral Hypotension on Transplanted Tumors Get access Glenn H. Algire, Glenn H. Algire National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frances Y. Legallais Frances Y. Legallais National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 12, Issue 2, October 1951, Pages 399–421, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/12.2.399 Published: 01 October 1951 Article history Received: 25 May 1951 Published: 01 October 1951
Rectal lymphogranuloma venereum surveillance in France 2004-2005
Authors: M Herida, B de Barbeyrac, P Sednaoui, C Scieux, N Lemarchand, G Kreplak, M Clerc, J Timsit, V Goulet, J C Desenclos, C Semaille
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Chlamydia trachomatis strains belonging to the L1, L2 or L3 genotype. An alert about an outbreak of LGV among MSM in the Netherlands was published in January 2004. The first cases of rectal LGV in France were retrospectively diagnosed in March 2004 and sentinel surveillance for LGV was implemented in April 2004. Most of the participating centres were located in the cities of Paris and Bordeaux. Only confirmed rectal LGV cases were included in the surveillance. Rectal specimens from men that were found to be positive for C trachomatis by PCR were sent to the National Reference Centre for Chlamydia infection for genotyping. Simple epidemiological data provided by clinicians and genotyping results were sent to the Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS) where data were anonymously recorded. A total of 328 C. trachomatis rectal strains isolated in men were genotyped by the end of December 2005. Of these, 244 (74%) were LGV strains belonging to the L2 genotype. No L1 or L3 C. trachomatis genotype was found. Diagnosis was made retrospectively for 46 cases. The median age of patients with LGV was 39 years. HIV status was known for 96 patients: 82/96 (85%) were HIV-infected. Most LGV cases were diagnosed in the Paris area (92%). Among the remaining 26% C. trachomatis strains, genotypes Da and G were the most frequent. As with syphilis in recent years, the emergence of LGV in Europe is mainly affecting HIV-infected MSM. The screening and treatment of STIs should be included in the clinical follow-up of all HIV-infected MSM.
A Controlled Trial of Synthetic Surfactant in Infants Weighing 1250 G or More with Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: W Long, A Corbet, R Cotton, S Courtney, G McGuiness, D Walter, J Watts, J Smyth, H Bard, V Chernick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Surfactant-replacement therapy is now recognized as a lifesaving and safe intervention in small premature infants, but there is little evidence concerning its risks and benefits in larger premature infants.
S-adenosylmethionine-dependent N-methyltransferase activity in autopsied brain parts of chronic schizophrenics and controls
Authors: E Erdelyi, G R Elliott, R J Wyatt, J D Barchas
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The transmethylation hypothesis of schizophrenia proposes that the disease results from excessive accumulation of methylated derivatives of biogenic amines. To test the hypothesis that an abnormality in S-adenosylmethionine-dependent N-methyltransferase (SAM enzyme) might play a role in schizophrenia, the authors compared SAM enzyme activity of in vitro preparations of 6 brain regions obtained at autopsy from chronic schizophrenics and nonschizophrenic controls. An analysis of variance demonstrated statistically significant differences among brain regions but not between schizophrenics and controls.
The debate on treating individuals incompetent for execution
Authors: K Heilbrun, M L Radelet, J Dvoskin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The question of whether to provide mental health treatment to prisoners under death sentence who have been judged incompetent for execution presents a powerful ethical dilemma for mental health professionals. Arguments that favor or oppose the provision of treatment are discussed in the context of the nature of the disorder to be treated, the type of treatment to be provided, the goals of treatment, and the relevant legal standard for determining competency for execution. Arguments against treating the incompetent include 1) the need to avoid harming those who are treated, 2) the risk that disclosures in therapy will be used for assessment purposes, 3) the need for paternalism when sufficient harm is necessary, 4) the adverse impact on the clinician, 5) the potential undermining of patient and public perceptions of mental health professionals, and 6) the poor allocation of limited resources. Arguments for treating the incompetent include 1) respect for the wishes of the prisoner, 2) the need to clarify the values underlying the refusal to treat, 3) the low risk of harm from some forms of treatment, and 4) the adverse impact on the milieu stemming from failure to treat. The authors conclude that treating incompetent prisoners may not violate ethical standards under some circumstances, and that some forms of treatment will require the informed consent of the prisoner.