tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0464 Comparative efficacy of infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) depending on a total dose (quantity of infusions)
Authors: E. Aronova, G. Lukina, Y. Sigidin, A. Smirnov, E. Alexandrova, A. Novikov, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate efficacy of infliximab (INF) in patients (pts) with RA depending on a total dose (quantity of infusions) of this biologic. <h3>Methods</h3> The cohort of 135 pts with active RA despite methotrexate therapy (114 women, mean age 48 years, mean disease duration 4 years, RF-positive 75,6%, mean CRP 18,1 mg/L, mean HAQ 1,38) treated in one center with INF (3 mg/kg intravenously at weeks 0, 2, 6 and every 8 weeks thereafter) have been divided into three groups: 1. pts who received not more than 4 INF infusions (N=63); 2. pts who received 5-7 INF infusions (N=31); 3. pts who received more than 7 INF infusions (N=41). DAS28 &gt;5,1 in the 1-st group was registered in 69% of pts, in the 2-nd group in 86,6%, in the 3-rd group in 62,1%. In other aspects both groups were comparable. Results of treatment were assessed by EULAR criteria at weeks 14, 22, and 54. The primary endpoint was the remission rate by the 54-th week. <h3>Results</h3> By the 54-th week significant decrease of RA activity was achieved in all groups but DAS28 in 1-st group was significantly higher than in other groups (4,4 vs 3,2 in the others; p&lt;0,05). The remission rate by this time point was 28,6% in the 2-nd group, 23,1% in 3-rd group and only 18,2% in the 1-st group (p&lt;0,05). It is noteworthy that by the end of the study in the 1-st group there were 36,4% of pts with high activity; in the 2-nd group, none; in the 3-rd group, 3,8%. In all groups radiological progression was noted by the 54-th week but among pts who received not more than 4 INF infusions this progression was significantly more pronounced than in other groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The therapeutic effect of INF was more pronounced in pts who received "middle" doses of infliximab (5-7 infusions) and the full annual course of INF as compared with pts having received low total dose of INF. It refers both to the higher remission rate and to the slowing of radiological progression. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Waiting for the Other Foot to Drop
Authors: Eileen P. Scully, Michael Klompas, Elizabeth A. Morgan, Amy Leigh Miller, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 65-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of fevers, sweats, fatigue, and weakness. He also reported that pain in his feet and calves was sufficiently distracting that he could not enjoy reading.
Tumor Cell Procoagulant and Urokinase Expression in Carcinoma of the Ovary
Authors: L. R. Zacharski, V. A. Memoli, D. L. Ornstein, S. M. Rousseau, W. Kisiel, B. J. Kudryk
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

An association between cancer and increased blood coagulation has been observed for many years. Generally, there is an equilibrium between the coagulation system (fibrin deposition) and the fibrinolytic system (degradation of fibrin by enzymes). However, in malignant disease such as ovarian carcinoma, this equilibrium is disrupted, resulting in the abnormal activation of coagulation or hypercoagulability. Also, evidence indicates that various components of these pathways may contribute to the disorderly characteristics of malignancy, such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.Our purpose was to define the mode of interaction of tumor cells in ovarian carcinoma with both the coagulation (procoagulant-initiated) and fibrinolysis (urokinase-type plasminogen activator-initiated) (u-PA) pathways.Studies were performed on acetone-methylbenzoate-xylene-fixed tissue prepared from fresh resected primary tumor specimens from 15 patients with cystic epithelial ovarian carcinoma. None of the patients had received prior treatment. Antibodies were tested on control and tumor tissues in concentrations that provided maximum staining intensity with minimum background staining. Laboratory immunohistochemical techniques used purified, monospecific antibodies to detect coagulant antigens. Tests were performed utilizing antibodies to recombinant human tissue factor; factor VII; factor X; factor XIIIA; high-molecular-weight and low-molecular-weight forms of u-PA; tissue-type plasminogen activator; plasminogen; and the plasminogen activator inhibitors 1, 2, and 3. Monoclonal antibodies used for specific antigen detection included 1-8C6 (fibrinogen), T2G1 (fibrin), and EBM-11 (macrophage-specific).The ovarian tumor cells expressed urokinase-type plasminogen activator in a pattern that was variable in intensity and distribution. Tumor cell plasminogen was not detected. Tumor cells also expressed tissue factor and coagulation pathway intermediates that resulted in local thrombin generation as evidenced by the conversion of fibrinogen (present in tumor connective tissue) to fibrin that was found to hug the surfaces of tumor nodules and individual tumor cells. Detected fibrin could not be accounted for on the basis of necrosis or a local inflammatory cell infiltrate.These results are consistent with the existence of a dominant tumor cell-associated procoagulant pathway that leads to thrombin generation and hypercoagulability in carcinoma of the ovary.In ovarian carcinoma the procoagulant pathway may contribute to tumor progression. Clinical trials of therapeutic drugs capable of limiting local coagulability (anticoagulants, protease inhibitors) are indicated in this tumor type.
ENSAYO CLINICO PARA EVALUAR LA LIMPIEZA DEL COLON COMPARANDO TRES PAUTAS DE PREPARACIÓN
Authors: AM Fuentes Coronel, SJ Rodríguez Gómez, C Ochoa Sangrador, CS López Ramos, L Julián Gómez, MP Conde Gacho, C Bailador Andrés, EP Martín Garrido, PM Fradejas Salazar, A Pérez Villoria
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Objetivo: Valorar la eficacia, tolerancia y seguridad de la preparación del colon con tres pautas diferentes. Pacientes y método: Ensayo clínico controlado, aleatorizado, triple, con grupos paralelos y unicéntrico. Se incluyeron pacientes a los que se realizaba colonoscopia programada en horario matinal, evaluando tres pautas de preparación del colon. Grupo A: Polietilenglicol (PEG) 4 litros el día previo a la prueba (PEG4). Grupo B: PEG 3 litros el día anterior y un litro el día de la prueba (PEG3+1). Grupo C: PEG + ácido ascórbico 1 litro el día previo y un litro el día de la prueba (PEGAA). Para valorar la calidad de la preparación se utilizó la escala de Ottawa global y por segmentos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 86 pacientes, 28 en PEG4, 27 en PEG3+1 y 31 en PEGAA. Presentaron una muy buena o buena preparación global el 67,8%, 96,3% y 96,6% de los grupos PEG4, PEG3+1 y PEGAA respectivamente. Conclusiones: Los grupos PEG3+1 y PEGAA consiguen una mejor preparación del colon, en todos los tramos y especialmente en tramos proximales, y también en la valoración global. En cuanto a la tolerancia, la mejor se obtuvo en el grupo PEGAA.
Abstract 2413: Preventing the development of breast cancer by immunizing with multi-antigen vaccines targeting breast cancer proteins
Authors: Mary L. Disis, Ekram Gad, Dan Herendeen, Denise Cecil, Katie Park, Vy Lai, Hailing Lu, Ronald Lubet
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Vaccines have been extremely successful in the prevention of infectious diseases. Although cancer vaccines have long been studied for the treatment of cancer, they have not been exploited as chemoprevention agents except in virally mediated malignancies. Human breast cancer is immunogenic and a variety of proteins involved in the malignant transformation or maintenance of the malignant phenotype have been identified as tumor antigens. Transgenic animal models are uniquely suited for evaluating the potential efficacy of preventative cancer vaccines. TgMMTV-neu mice, for example, develop neu-mediated breast cancer at about 150-200 days of life. Tumors are histologically similar to human breast cancer and have a molecular profile consistent with the luminal subtype. We have developed a multi-antigen vaccines targeting immunogenic proteins associated with oncogenesis and evaluated whether we could prevent the development of breast cancer in TgMMTV-neu mice. The vaccine is composed of 3 different antigens. Class II epitopes derived from antigenic proteins involved in growth factor pathways comprised the vaccine. The ability of active immunization to prevent breast cancer was evaluated in both older (18 week) and younger (5 week) mice. Vaccines were administered intradermally every two weeks for 3 immunizations and then monthly until the development of disease or 1 year had passed. The vaccine prevented breast cancer development in some older animals. 40% of peptide immunized older mice were cancer free at 1 year compared to 5% of controls (p=0.02). Protection from the development of cancer was mediated by T cells as evidenced by adoptive transfer of CD3+ cells purified from vaccinated and protected mice, sham immunized mice, and naïve mice. T cells from protected mice resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth after a syngeneic tumor challenge (p=0.01 protected vs. sham vaccine). Prevention of breast cancer was more pronounced in the older animals when immunization was combined with oral chemoprevention agents. The cancer protective effect of immunization was more pronounced when vaccines were administered to the younger mice. The Class II epitope vaccine prevented cancer development in 65% of mice as compared to 5% of controls. These data suggest breast cancer vaccines targeting biologically relevant proteins may be an effective approach to the prevention of breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2413.
PTH-111 “non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity” (ncgs) Is Uncommon In Patients Spontaneously Adhering To Gluten Free Diet (gfd), And Is Outnumbered By “fodmaps Sensitivity”
Authors: B Zanini, R Baschè, A Ferraresi, F Lanzarotto, M Marullo, C Ricci, A Lanzini
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> It is controversial whether symptoms in patients fulfilling the clinical criteria for NCGS<sup>1</sup> are specifically triggered by gluten or by cereal components other than gluten and specifically FODMAPs, or are attributable to a nocebo effect<sup>2</sup>. Our aim was to test assess gluten or FODMAPs dependence of symptoms in patients diagnosed as NCGS. <h3>Methods</h3> NCGS patients referred to our Clinic were randomised to a double blind cross over study involving challenge with 10 g gluten Vs 10 g gluten free flour containing FODMAPs for 10 days each with 2 weeks wash-out in between (challenge stage). Patients were subsequently kept on a low FODMAPs diet for 8 weeks (low FODMAPs stage) Endpoints: patients were asked to indicate by symptom recurrence the gluten phase of challenge; correct identification was taken to indicate NCGS and incorrect identification accompanied by reduction of GSRS score during the low FODMAPs diet were taken to indicate FODMAPs sensitivity. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty-five patients without celiac disease (age 42+9 years, M/F = 2/23, 10 HLA DQ2/8 positive, 13 negative, 2 unknown) on strict GFD entered the study. During the challenge stage, the gluten phase was correctly identified by 8 patients thus fulfilling criteria for NCGS (4 with HLA DQ2/8). Scores for the 3 dimensions of GSRS (pain p = 0.03; indigestion p = 0.02; and diarrhoea p = 0.02) were higher in NCGS patients during the gluten than gluten free flour challenge. Twelve patients thought they were challenged gluten while on gluten free flour indicating gluten independent symptom recurrence (gluten insensitive). GSRS scores in these patients were higher (pain p = 0.004; reflux p = 0.013; indigestion p = 0.014, constipation p = 0.014) during challenge with gluten free flour than with gluten. Five patients reported mild symptoms during both phases suggesting a nocebo effect. During the low FODMAPs stage the score of indigestion dimension (comprising borborygmus, bloating, eructation, flatus) was significantly reduced (p = 0.011) in the gluten insensitive patients suggesting FODMAPs sensitivity. There was no significant change in the 5 dimensions of the GSRS in NCGS patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> We conclude that the population of patients reporting intolerance to gluten containing diet is a mixed population of NCGS and of FODMAPs sensitive patients. NCGS is uncommon and is outnumbered by FODMAPs sensitivity in patients spontaneously adhering to GFD. Distinction between these 2 conditions is clinically relevant in relation to dietary counselling. <h3>References</h3> 1 Ludvigsson<i>et al</i>.<i> Gut</i> 2013;62:43 2 Gibson and Muir. <i>Gastroenteroloy</i> 2013;145; 693 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 1160: Whole genome amplification and high-throughput sequencing of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded colorectal cancer
Authors: Samuel Myllykangas, Jason Buenrostro, John Bell, Hanlee P. Ji
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumors represent a valuable resource for translational cancer genomic research. However, genetic analysis of the FFPE material is challenging, as archived tissues are often small biopsies and the fixation process damages DNA. In researching a solution to this, we have evaluated the performance of different whole genome amplification methods for obtaining DNA samples from archived tumors and their use as a template in high-throughput sequencing. Two whole genome amplification methods were applied using 20 μm sections of FFPE colorectal cancer tissue and normal human genome DNA samples. Genomic DNA was amplified using Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA) method and a modified version of Degenerate Oligonucleotide PCR (DOP) assay. Non-amplified human genomic DNA was used as a reference when genomic coverage, linearity and uniformity of the amplified products were assessed. Paired-end sequencing libraries were prepared from the DOP amplified templates while the MDA samples underwent single read library preparation. Sequencing was performed using an Illumina Genome Analyzer II. 2.5 million 54-mer reads mapping to the human genome were generated for each sample. Whole genome amplification was shown to produce artifacts when compared to non-amplified genomic DNA sequences. The modified DOP method preferentially amplified non-repetitive sequences in the human genome. Using the MDA-based method, genomic sequence coverage was generally more even between regions of repetitive and non-repetitive DNA. However, spread of the sequence read counts was greater in the MDA method and MDA amplification offered less dynamic range to identify copy number aberrations. Using whole genome amplification methods with the FFPE colorectal tumor sample we were able to generate 130 Mb of genomic sequence data and identify DNA copy number gains in chromosomes 13 and 20q. Whole genome amplification and high-throughput sequencing can be used to generate sequence data from minute amounts of FFPE material and identify DNA copy number aberrations in the archived tumors. Nonetheless, whole genome amplification produces artifacts by introducing bias towards specific regions of the genome, generating artificial and random DNA fragment assemblies (MDA) and introducing universal primer sequence in the ends of the amplified DNA fragments (DOP). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1160.
181 TREATMENT WITH PEGYLATED INTERFERON AND RIBAVIRIN DURING EARLY ACUTE PHASE OF THE HEPATITIS C RECURRENCE VS LATE HEPATITIS C RECURRENCE AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: I. Campos-Varela, J.I. Esteban, I. Bilbao, F. Rodríguez-Frías, H. Allende, R. Charco, R. Esteban, L. Castells
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Relation to Progression in Physical Disability among Older Adults
Authors: Jennifer Weuve, Joel D. Kaufman, Adam A. Szpiro, Cynthia Curl, Robin C. Puett, Todd Beck, Denis A. Evans, Carlos F. Mendes de Leon
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Background:Physical disability is common though not inevitable in older age and has direct bearing on a person's ability to perform activities essential for self-care and independent living. Air pollution appears to increase the risk of several chronic diseases that contribute to the progression of disability.Objective:We evaluated long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) in relation to progression in physical disability.Methods:We conducted our investigation within the Chicago Health and Aging Project. We measured participants' exposures to TRAP using two surrogates: residential proximity to major roads (1993 onwards) and ambient concentrations of oxides of nitrogen (NOX; 1999 onwards), predicted via a geographic information systems-based spatiotemporal smoothing model (cross-validation R2 = 0.87) that incorporated community-based monitoring and resolved intraurban exposure gradients at a spatial scale of tens of meters. Participants' lower-extremity physical ability was assessed every 3 years (1993–2012) via tandem stand, chair stand, and timed walking speed.Results:In multivariable-adjusted analyses (n = 5,708), higher long-term NOX exposure was associated with significantly faster progression in disability. Compared with the 5-year decline in physical ability score among participants in the lowest quartile of NOX exposure, decline among those in the highest exposure quartile was 1.14 units greater (95% confidence interval [CI]: –1.86, –0.42), equivalent to 3 additional years of decline among those in the lowest exposure quartile. The association was linear across the continuum of NOX exposure: per 10-ppb increment in exposure, the 5-year decline in physical ability score was 0.87 unit greater (95% CI: –1.35, –0.39). Proximity to a major road was not associated with disability progression (n = 9,994).Conclusions:These data join a growing body of evidence suggesting that TRAP exposures may accelerate aging-related declines in health.Citation:Weuve J, Kaufman JD, Szpiro AA, Curl C, Puett RC, Beck T, Evans DA, Mendes de Leon CF. 2016. Exposure to traffic-related air pollution in relation to progression in physical disability among older adults. Environ Health Perspect 124:1000–1008; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510089
Pseudoaneurysm caused by a self-expandable metal stent: a report of three cases
Authors: Yasuko Nezu, So Nakaji, Hiroyuki Fujii, Eiji Ishii, Nobuto Hirata
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

We present three cases of pseudoaneurysm caused by self-expandable metal stents that formed arteriobiliary fistulas and caused hemobilia. Diagnoses were made on the basis of dynamic computed tomography or angiography. One patient died because of bleeding and cholangitis, whereas the others were successfully treated by transarterial embolization.
Risks and Benefits of Antiarrhythmic Therapy
Authors: Alastair J.J. Wood, Dan M. Roden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Drug treatment of cardiac arrhythmias is not uniformly effective and frequently causes side effects. Recently, new data have become available that more clearly delineate the risks of antiarrhythmic-drug therapy. At the same time, establishing a benefit of treatment with these drugs has proved difficult. The potential benefits of antiarrhythmic therapy -- reductions in mortality or in symptoms related to arrhythmias -- as well as the potential risks are outlined in Table 1. In this review I shall consider the available data defining these risks and benefits (which have usually been delineated in specific groups of patients using specific drugs), the risk . . .
EVALUATION OF THE DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC CRITERIA TO IDENTIFY TRUE-SEVERE STENOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH LOW-FLOW, LOW-GRADIENT AORTIC STENOSIS
Authors: Eden Touboul, Abdellaziz Dahou, Ian Burwash, Maurice Sarano, Jutta Bergler-Klein, Stefan Orwat, Helmut Baumgartner, Gerald Mundigler, Eric Larose, Philippe Pibarot, Marie-Annick Clavel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Tobacco Metabolite May Predict Cancer Risk
Authors: J. Bowersox
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Tobacco Metabolite May Predict Cancer Risk Get access John Bowersox John Bowersox Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 22, 18 November 1992, Page 1688, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.22.1688 Published: 18 November 1992
Abstract 5518: Bladder tumor-targeting peptide-mediated anti-tumor activity of a pro-apoptotic peptide
Authors: Hyun-Kyung Jung, Mi-Kyung Kwak, Eun-Ju Lee, Ji Woong Son, Rang-Woon Park, In-San Kim, Byung-Heon Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Bladder carcinoma is the most common urothelial malignancy in developed countries and the rate of recurrence is pretty high. Using phage display, we have previously identified a bladder tumor-targeting peptide with the amino acid sequence of CSNRDARRC (namely, Bld-1). Bld-1 was shown to target bladder tumor in carcinogen-induced tumor-bearing rats. A synthetic pro-apoptotic peptide KLAKLAKKLAKLAK, called (KLAKLAK)2, has been demonstrated to induce apoptotic cell death of tumor cells. In this study, we used Bld-1 as a homing domain to help the pro-apoptotic peptide selectively bind to bladder tumor cells and allow its internalization. Bld-1 preferentially bound to HT-1376 bladder tumor cells, while little binding to A549 lung tumor cells was observed. Confocal microscopic analysis demonstrated that Bld-1 was efficiently internalized into HT-1376 cells. Bld-1-conjugated D-enantiomer D(KLAKLAK)2 was synthesized and incubated with HT-1376 cells for 24, 48, and 72 h. Bld-1-D(KLAKLAK)2 exerted its cytotoxic activity on HT-1376 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, D(KLAKLAK)2 alone also showed cytotoxic activity after 48 h treatment but this was in a lesser extent as compared to Bld-1-D(KLAKLAK)2. The cell death induced by Bld-1-D(KLAKLAK)2 was due to apoptosis as shown by annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Bld-1-D(KLAKLAK)2 more efficiently inhibited tumor growth in HT-1376 bladder tumor-bearing mice than D(KLAKLAK)2. These results suggest that Bld-1-D(KLAKLAK)2 might be a useful therapeutic agent for targeted therapy of bladder tumor. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5518.