tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
EPIGENETIC REGULATION OF GBM CELL STEMNESS AND TUMOR PROPAGATING CAPACITY BY OCT4 AND SOX2
Authors: J. Laterra, H. Lopez-Bertoni, B. Lal, A. Li, M. Caplan, H. Guerrero-Cazares, C. G. Eberhart, A. Quinones-Hinojosa, Y. Li
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: (blind field). METHODS: Experiments utilized human glioblastoma neurosphere lines and low passage (<5) primary neurospheres derived from clinical GBM specimens enriched in GBM sphere-forming stem cells. The Adherent GBM cell lines that lack stem-like tumor-propagating cells were used to test phenotype reprogramming by Oct4 and Sox2. Lentiviral and retroviral systems were used for Oct4/Sox2 and micro-RNA gene transfer, respectively. Brain cancer miRNA PCR Arrays (SABiosciences) and quantitative RT-PCR were used to evaluate miRNA expression. OCT4 and Sox2 transcriptional targets were identified and validated by ChIP-PCR and luciferase reporter assays. Micro-RNA promoter methylation was evaluated using bisulfite sequencing. GBM cell stemness was evaluated by sphere-forming assays and analyses of stem cell marker expression by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and flow cytometry. Tumor xenograft propagating capacity was assayed in immune-deficient mice. RESULTS: In this study, we identify a novel molecular circuit linking reprogramming transcription factors, DNA methylation and microRNA that regulates glioblastoma cell stemness and tumor-propagating capacity. We show that the Oct4 and Sox2 transcription factors induce human glioma cells to transition to a stem-like tumor-propagating state through the direct induction of DNA methyl transferases leading to the methylation-dependent transcriptional regulation of microRNAs. Specifically, miR-148a expression is shown to correlate inversely with GBM cell stemness, to be repressed by Oct4/Sox2-driven DNA methylation, and to inhibit GBM cell stemness and tumor propagation by GBM sphere-forming cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results identify a new methylation-dependent transcriptional axis by which reprogramming transcription factors regulate tumor cell stemness and tumor propagating capacity. Our results also identify miR-148a as a novel tumor-suppressing inhibitor of glioma cell stemness and suggest new approaches for treating GBM by targeting stem-like tumor propagating cell populations. SECONDARY CATEGORY: n/a.
Harness-Shaped Distribution in Pediatric Tc-99m Tetrofosmin Scintigraphy
Authors: Kazuki Fukuchi, Yasuo Ono, Yuichi Ishikawa, Yoko Okada, Kohei Hayashida, Yoshio Ishida
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

FUKUCHI, KAZUKI M.D.*; ONO, YASUO M.D.†; ISHIKAWA, YUICHI M.D.†; OKADA, YOKO M.D.†; HAYASHIDA, KOHEI M.D.*; ISHIDA, YOSHIO M.D.* Author Information
Association of gestational age and growth measures at birth with infection-related admissions to hospital throughout childhood: a population-based, data-linkage study from Western Australia
Authors: Jessica E Miller, Geoffrey C Hammond, Tobias Strunk, Hannah C Moore, Helen Leonard, Kim W Carter, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Fiona Stanley, Nicholas de Klerk, David P Burgner
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)
Blind Loop Syndrome
Authors: M. C. PATEL, E. P. WRAIGHT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 50-year-old man had vitamin B12 deficiency. Gastrointestinal radiographs showed a fistula between the small bowel and the transverse colon and a normal terminal ileum. An In-111-labeled leukocyte scan was performed. Further questioning of the patient revealed that a childhood appendectomy had been performed in difficult circumstances and necessitated the formation of an enterocolic fistula. Increased uptake in a blind loop has not been described before and may contribute to increased uptake in some patients with complicated Crohn's disease (i.e., those with fistulae or multiple resections) in whom it could be misinterpreted as active inflammation.
TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT VERSUS SURGICAL AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT FOR SEVERE AORTIC STENOSIS: META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS
Authors: Pedro Villablanca Spinetto, David Briceno, Andrea Mignatti, Rasha Al-Bawardy, Salvador Villablanca, David Slovut
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Endpiece: The enemy
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Go into the Exchange in London, that place more venerable than many a court, and you will see representatives of all the nations assembled there for the profit of mankind. There the Jew, the Mahometan, and the Christian deal with one another as if they were of the same religion, and reserve the name of infidel to none but bankrupts.

Voltaire (1694-1778) in Letters Concerning the English Nation
SP0149 Working on Threatened Personal Goals
Authors: R. Arends
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Theoretical background</h3> Striving for goals is important for wellbeing, as they give structure and meaning to life and moreover keep people engaged in important activities. But for patients with arthritis pursuing important life goals often becomes difficult or even impossible. As a consequence of disease symptoms as pain, fatigue and disability, patients often face difficulties with attaining or maintaining goals in several domains of life, including work, social relationships, leisure activities and domestic tasks. Elevated levels of psychological distress are common in persons with arthritis, indicating that adjustment to the disease does not always come naturally. An intervention based on goal management might help patients adapt to their changed circumstances due to the chronic disease. Previous studies indicate that the higher tendency to use goal management strategies is positively associated with adaptation to arthritis. Four strategies were recognized in the literature on goal management: maintenance of goals, adjustment of goals, disengagement of goals and searching for new goals. Especially for people with inflammatory arthritis with its often unpredictable and fluctuating disease course, it can be beneficial to be able to use different approaches across situations. Therefore an intervention based on the flexible use of goal management strategies could be promising as it can teach persons to respond to the demands of any situation in an appropriate way. <h3>Intervention</h3> The newly designed intervention is a protocol based psycho-educational training. The program is led by a trained nurse. Participants are introduced to different goal management strategies and learn to use these strategies flexible for threatened personal goals. The goal management strategies that are covered in the training are: goal maintenance, goal adjustment, goal disengagement, and engaging in new goals. <h3>Workshop</h3> In the workshop a short introduction to the theory will be given, followed by a practical exercise to work with an important part of the content of the goal management intervention. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Case 7-1995
Authors: J.T. Wong, C. Girardet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Presentation of CaseA 58-year-old man with common variable immunodeficiency, recurrent sinusitis, splenomegaly, and mild thrombocytopenia was admitted to the hospital because of severe anemia and jaundice.He had a 10-year history of recurrent sinusitis, which responded to treatment with various antibiotics. Laboratory studies eight years before admission had led to a diagnosis of common variable immunodeficiency (Table 1). The patient received immune globulin intravenously and was given frequent courses of antibiotics to suppress bouts of acute sinusitis.Thirty-eight months before admission radiographs of the abdomen revealed splenomegaly. During the next three years the platelet count gradually declined from 280,000 . . .
Regressing an Optimal Variable to Scale Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Si Hongwei, Chen Yingmao, Shao Mingzhe, Ma Guangyu, Xu Baixuan, Tian Jiahe, Chen Yunshuang, Sun Xuefeng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

To compare glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among individuals, GFR is usually scaled to body surface area (BSA) based on the ratio method, which has been debated for its accuracy in recent years. Reference to the BSA as a normalization standard is the most common method currently in use but has limitations. This study was designed to a better variable to scale GFR. We measured 99mTc- diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid plasma clearance (uncorrected GFR, uGFR) for 322 healthy adults who were enrolled according to the SENIEUR protocol. The individuals were randomly grouped into A and B for regressing and validating the optimal variable, respectively. Nonlinear regression was performed against uGFR, and the selected independent variables were body weight, height, age, and sex. Among several tested models, the regression coefficients of weight-age formula (W-A) were in narrower 95% confidence interval (CI). The coefficient of determination of the regression line between W-A and uGFR, as an indicator to explain the percentage of variations of GFR, was higher than that of other variables in both groups. The coefficient of determination of the regression line between W-A and uGFR was 0.571, which was higher than that of BSA (0.203) or TBW (0.241). The index variable, based on both body weight and age, has a better statistical relationship to uGFR and is a better variable to scale GFR in adults.
Niche construction is an important component of a science of intentional change
Authors: Michael J. O'Brien
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Wilson and colleagues are correct that a modern theory of evolution must go beyond reliance on natural selection. Niche-construction theory, although it does not ignore selection, emphasizes the capacity of organisms to modify environmental states, often in a manner that suits their genotypes. Such matches are the dynamic products of a two-way process that involves organisms both responding to “problems” posed by their environments through selection and setting themselves new problems by changing environments through niche construction.
Central Nervous System Toxicity after Liver Transplantation
Authors: Piet C. de Groen, Allen J. Aksamit, Jorge Rakela, Glenn S. Forbes, Ruud A.F. Krom
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We describe severe central nervous system (CNS) toxicity, manifested by confusion, cortical blindness, quadriplegia, seizures, and coma, associated with cyclosporine treatment in three patients undergoing liver transplantation. CT and magnetic resonance studies disclosed a severe, diffuse disorder of the white matter. All side effects and radiographic findings were reversed with discontinuation or a reduction in the dose of cyclosporine. We also observed an inverse association between CNS side effects and total serum cholesterol levels after transplantation. A retrospective analysis of 54 liver transplantations performed in 48 patients revealed that 13 patients had symptoms of CNS toxicity associated with the use of cyclosporine. These patients' total serum cholesterol levels in the first week after transplantation were reduced as compared with those in patients without symptoms (mean +/- SE, 94 +/- 4 mg per deciliter vs. 132 +/- 6, or 2.44 +/- 0.10 mmol per liter vs. 3.43 +/- 0.16). We conclude that cyclosporine therapy for immunosuppression in liver transplantation may cause a syndrome of encephalopathy, seizures, and white-matter changes and that this is most likely to occur in patients with low total serum cholesterol levels after transplantation.
Abstract 3444: Enforced expression of MycN and C-Myc induces different medulloblastoma subtypes
Authors: Daisuke Kawauchi, Giles Robinson, Tamar Uziel, Jerold Rehg, Frederique Zindy, Chunxu Qu, Amar Gajjar, Richard J. Gilbertson, Martine F. Roussel
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB), a tumor of the cerebellum, is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. MBs are classified histologically and molecularly into four distinct major subgroups, two of which correspond to the deregulation of major developmental pathways, Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and WNT. Among the two other subgroups, one correlates with high levels of C-MYC expression. Using orthotopic transplantation in the cerebellum or cortex of naïve recipient mice, we showed that enforced expression of MycN in cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) isolated from the cerebellum of postnatal (P) day 6-7 Cdkn2c-/-, Trp53-/-, Atoh1-GFP mice induced MBs with a SHH “signature”. Interestingly, overexpression of C-Myc in the same CGNPs induced MBs with Large Cell Anaplastic (LCA) features and mRNA and microRNA profiles distinct from the SHH subgroup. In vitro analysis revealed that tumor cells were resistant to Shh antagonists, such as cyclopamine and BMP4. Ongoing experiments are focusing on understanding the differences between MycN and C-Myc function in CGNPs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3444. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3444
Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in Germ Cell Tumor Patients Treated With Etoposide-Containing Chemotherapy
Authors: D. F. Bajorin, R. J. Motzer, E. Rodriguez, B. Murphy, G. J. Bosl
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Acute Nonlymphocytic Leukemia in Germ Cell Tumor Patients Treated With Etoposide-Containing Chemotherapy Get access Dean F. Bajorin, Dean F. Bajorin Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Cente; and Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, N.Y. Correspondence to : Dean F. Bajorin, M.D., Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert J. Motzer, Robert J. Motzer Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Cente; and Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eduardo Rodriguez, Eduardo Rodriguez Cytogenetics Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Barbara Murphy, Barbara Murphy Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Cente; and Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George J. Bosl George J. Bosl Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Cente; and Department of Medicine, Cornell University Medical CollegeNew York, N.Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 1, 6 January 1993, Pages 60–62, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.1.60 Published: 06 January 1993 Article history Received: 04 November 1992 Accepted: 05 November 1992 Published: 06 January 1993
Transgastric endoscopic gastroenterostomy using a partially covered occluder: a canine feasibility study
Authors: H. Luo, Y. Pan, L. Min, L. Zhao, J. Li, J. Leung, L. Xue, Z. Yin, X. Liu, Z. Liu, A. Sun, C. Li, K. Wu, X. Guo, D. Fan
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> The use of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) for gastroenterostomy has been previously reported, but it remains technically challenging and additional assistance is often needed. The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a novel method for the creation of a gastroenterostomy using NOTES with an occluder. <b>Methods:</b> Transgastric endoscopic gastroenterostomy was performed in 12 healthy female dogs using a therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscope and a partially covered occluder. The occluder was removed with a snare 1 week later. The patency of the gastroenterostomy was confirmed by endoscopy, contrast radiological study, necropsy, and histological examination after 2 weeks. <b>Results: </b>NOTES gastroenterostomy with an occluder was successful in all 12 dogs. The mean operative time was 32.3 ± 10.3 min (range 20.3 – 53.5). One dog (the first; 8.3 %) died 4 days after the operation of severe intra-abdominal infection due to incorrect deployment of the occluder and poor bowel preparation. Minor bleeding occurred at the anastomosis after removal of the occluder in two of the remaining dogs (18.2 %). Necropsy revealed postoperative adhesions that had developed at the anastomotic site in one dog (9.1 %). No anastomotic leakage or intestinal obstruction was observed. Complete healing of the anastomosis was confirmed on histological evaluation. <b>Conclusion:</b> Gastroenterostomy performed entirely by NOTES using an occluder was technically feasible in this survival animal model.
FRI0556 A Multi-Biomarker Disease Activity Blood Test in Patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: S. Ringold, L. Lu, C. Wallace, E. Sasso, P.S. Eastman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Current measures of disease activity for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), including physician global assessment of disease activity and active joint count, are subjective and potentially confounded by disease heterogeneity and comorbid conditions. A multi-biomarker disease activity assay (MBDA) incorporating a panel of biomarkers may provide objective and quantitative data regarding disease activity that would be of great value to physicians caring for children with JIA. An MBDA blood test that measures serum concentrations of 12 inflammatory biomarkers to produce a disease activity score (Vectra® DA) has been validated for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the MBDA blood test in children with polyarticular or extended oligoarticular JIA. <h3>Methods</h3> Samples were analyzed from a cohort of children with established JIA treated at Seattle Children9s Hospital &amp; Research Institute (SCHRI), including 57 samples from 49 children with polyarticular (n=35) or extended oligoarticular JIA (n=22), and samples from 30 children with polyarticular JIA participating in the Trial of Early Aggressive Therapy in JIA (TREAT) prior to initiation of therapy. Samples were classified as clinically inactive disease or active disease using the ACR provisional criteria for clinically inactive disease (CID). The Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS) was calculated based on 10 joints and samples were analyzed for 18 individual biomarkers, 12 of which comprise the MBDA test for RA and an MBDA score calculated. <h3>Results</h3> The mean and median JADAS values for the cohort (n=87) were 12.3 and 7.5, respectively (range 0-31.6). The mean and median MBDA scores were 21 and 14 for the children with CID, and 41 and 42 for children with active disease. The correlation between the MBDA score and JADAS was r=0.77 (see figure). Several individual biomarkers, including IL-6, MMP-3, TNF-R1 and YKL-40, exhibited higher concentrations in the active disease group compared with the CID group. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data demonstrate that the MBDA score detects differences in biomarker concentrations among patients with JIA and correlates with the level of clinical disease activity. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> S. Ringold: None declared, L. Lu Shareholder of: Crescendo Bioscienc, Employee of: Crescendo Bioscience, C. Wallace: None declared, E. Sasso Shareholder of: Crescendo Bioscience, Employee of: Crescendo Bioscience, P. Eastman Shareholder of: Crescendo Bioscience, Employee of: Crescendo Bioscience <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5846
P17.64 * ANGIOGENIC AND PROCOAGULANT FACTORS IN PLASMA OF BRAIN TUMOUR PATIENTS TREATED WITH BEVACIZUMAB
Authors: A. Pace, A. Antenucci, C. Mandoj, V. Villani, C. M. Carapella, A. Fabi, L. Conti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most vascularized human tumors and GBM cells produce proangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Bevacizumab (BV), a monoclonal antibody against VEGF, has shown antitumor activity, but so far no biomarkers have been identified to predict outcome. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible predictive value of circulating VEGF, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and procoagulant factors in patients with recurrent GBM. METHODS: We conducted a prospective analysis of recurrent malignant gliomas (MG) patients treated with BV alone or in combination with chemotherapy performing serial evaluations of plasma VEGF levels, vWF antigen and procoagulant factors such as thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), prothrombin fragment F1 + 2 (F1 + 2), Factor VIII and D-Dimer. Baseline, and post-treatment samples were collected at each administration of BV. RESULTS: Forty-nine recurrent MGs (glioblastoma = 26, astrocytoma = 17, oligodendroglioma = 6) who received BV at 10 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks, of whom 26 in association with chemotherapy were included in the study. Median age was 45 years (22-73), median Karnofsky performance status was 80 (60-100). Out of the 48 evaluable, 17 partial responses (35%), 7 stable disease (15%) and 24 disease progressions (50%) were observed. At baseline all patients presented with laboratory signs of coagulation activation (i.e. high TAT and FVIII levels). Circulating plasma levels of VEGF and vWF antigen significantly increased in all patients post-treatment of BV (p = 0.0001 and 0.009 respectively). No responder patients showed significantly higher vWF antigen levels than responders (p = 0.01) after second administration of BV. CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data suggest that low vWF antigen levels might help predict response in recurrent MG patients treated with BV. This marker should help clinicians to decide the right therapy, advise them of the generation of mechanisms of drug resistance during antiangiogenic treatment.