tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
DETERMINATION OF LESION SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE: A COMPARISON OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC ANGIOGRAPHY TO CATHETER-BASED ANGIOGRAPHY WITH INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND AS THE GOLD-STANDARD
Authors: Nicholas N. Hanna, John Reilly, Rajan Patel, Adriana Dornelles, Christopher White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
UV-inactivated HSV-1 potently activates NK cell killing of leukemic cells
Authors: Ismael Samudio, Katayoun Rezvani, Hila Shaim, Elyse Hofs, Mor Ngom, Luke Bu, Guoyu Liu, Jason T. C. Lee, Suzan Imren, Vivian Lam, Grace F. T. Poon, Maryam Ghaedi, Fumio Takei, Keith Humphries, William Jia, Gerald Krystal
Journal: Blood (2016)
Possible mutagenic properties and carcinogenic action of the irritant gaseous pollutants NO2, O3, and SO2.
Authors: G von Nieding
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Carcinogenic or cocarcinogenic effects of NO2, O3, and SO2 have not been proven to date with sufficient reliability. However, nitrosamine formation after exposure to NO2- or O3-induced decrease in benzpyrene hydroxylase are potential hazards. A final revaluation of a possible cocarcinogenic action of SO2 requires further experimental studies.
Endoscopic treatment of an epiphrenic diverticulum using a fully covered self-expanding metal stent
Authors: A. Aiolfi, D. Bona, L. Bonavina
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Pulsion diverticula develop over the distal 10 cm of the esophageal body and generally project from the right side [1]. Disabling dysphagia and regurgitation are the most common symptoms; recurrent pulmonary complications from aspiration occur in up to 45 % of affected patients [2]. An underlying motility disorder is demonstrated in 81 % of the patients [3]. Surgical therapy is mandatory when symptoms are incapacitating or if life-threatening respiratory complications occur. The ideal operation includes diverticulectomy, myotomy, and fundoplication through a laparoscopic or thoracoscopic approach. Although the long-term results of such an operation are satisfactory, esophageal leaks can occur and may cause mortality [1]. Pneumatic dilation of the cardia has been the only viable option in high-risk patients, but this procedure may result in perforation and the overall clinical results have been disappointing [4].
Abstract 378: The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor C in the lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer.
Authors: Takeshi Hisamatsu, Seiji Mabuchi, Tomoyuki Sasano, Ryoko Takahashi, Mahiru Kawano, Yuri Matsumoto, Kae Hashimoto, Aki Isobe, Kenjiro Sawada, Kenichiro Morishige, Tadashi Kimura
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Purpose: Vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) is commonly expressed in malignant cells, creating a favorable environment for generation of new lymphatic vessels. It has been recently reported that mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) stimulates tumor-lymphangiogenesis by inducing the production of VEGF-C. In the current study, we investigated the significance of VEGF-C in tumor lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer. Moreover, we investigated whether mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) is involved in the VEGF-C-induced lymphangiogensis and lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer. Experimental design: Using human ovarian cancers, we first performed immunostaining for VEGF-C, and examined the correlation between VEGF-C expressions and the extent of lymphvascular space invasion (LVSI) or the number of lymph node metastasis. Using two pairs of ovarian cancer cell lines producing different level of VEGF-C (VEGF-C-low and VEGF-C-high cells), we next investigated the role of VEGF-C in tumor-lymphangiogenesis in a mouse xenograft model. We then examined whether mTORC1 is involved in the production of VEGF-C in ovarian cancer cells as well as in tumor-lymphangiogenesis in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, by using a mouse model of paraaortic-node metastasis, we investigated whether inhibition of mTORC1 suppress lymph node metastasis. Results: VEGF-C expression was significantly associated with the extent of LVSI or the number of lymph node metastasis in ovarian cancer specimens. In a mouse xenograft model, tumors derived from VEGF-C-high cells showed greater lymphatic vessel density than that observed in tumors from VEGF-C-low cells. Inhibition of mTORC1 by everolimus decreased the expression of VEGF-C in ovarian cancer cells in vitro, lymphangiogenesis in tumors, and paraaortic-node metastasis in mouse models. Conclusion: Inhibition of mTORC1 may represent a novel molecular-targeted approach for lymph node metastasis prevention in patients with ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Takeshi Hisamatsu, Seiji Mabuchi, Tomoyuki Sasano, Ryoko Takahashi, Mahiru Kawano, Yuri Matsumoto, Kae Hashimoto, Aki Isobe, Kenjiro Sawada, Kenichiro Morishige, Tadashi Kimura. The significance of vascular endothelial growth factor C in the lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis of ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 378. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-378
Abstract 4743: Exosomes in motion: Visualizing cancer metastasis via the Synaptotagmin C2B domain
Authors: Jonel Saludes, Leslie Morton, Nilanjan Ghosh, Lida Beninson, Edwin Chapman, Monika Fleshner, Hang Yin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Exosomes play pivotal roles in intercellular communication and cancer progression. Recent findings have shown exosomes to incite proangiogenesis and prepare lymph nodes as remote niches for accumulation and migration of melanoma cells. Exosomes present a highly curved morphology with a size range of ∼30-100 nm that is distinct from other lipid vesicles. Furthermore, exosomes have the potential as a general metastasis biomarker since their increased secretion in the peripheral blood has been correlated with cancer metastasis. Since aqueous suspensions of exosomes cannot be seen by conventional optical methods, we hypothesized that a molecular probe that binds to exosomes could be a novel tool for detecting these vesicles. We aim to develop a minimally-invasive diagnostic tool to detect and measure secreted exosomes as biomarkers of cancer metastasis that may help clinicians and patients decide on an appropriate therapeutic action. Taking a cue from nature and using solid phase ‘Click’ chemistry as a technique for peptide modification, we created a fluorophore-tagged cyclic peptide based on the membrane penetrating C2B domain of Synaptotagmin I. We investigated the peptide-lipid interactions using synthetic liposomes as preliminary models of exosomes through a combination of spectroscopic techniques. We found that the peptide probe was selective for highly curved liposomes (d &amp;lt;100 nm) and does not bind to low curvature liposomes (d &amp;gt;100 nm). We tested blood plasma samples from rat models to find out if our preliminary findings would translate to the detection of exosomes. Our results showed that blood plasma treated with the peptide probe showed fluorescence intensity that was remarkably higher than the untreated peptide, which indicated binding to exosomes. Furthermore, we used a real time nanoparticle tracking analysis system to visualize the exosomes in a dynamic and physiologically-relevant medium. The peptide-treated exosomes were detected as fast-moving, fluorescent particles even in the complex matrix of blood plasma. This technique provided us with a platform to study the size distribution and concentration of exosomes in blood plasma. We have created a peptide probe that selectively binds to exosomes from an animal model. The investigation of the exosome binding property of this probe on clinically relevant samples is ongoing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4743. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4743
Abstract P1-11-19: Prognostic Significance of Ki67 Index after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Human Breast Cancer
Authors: T Tanei, A Shimomura, K Shimazu, T Nakayama, SJ Kim, Y Tamaki, S. Noguchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: The Ki67 index (cell proliferation marker) has recently been attracting considerable attention as a prognostic factor in breast cancer, but the prognostic significance of Ki67 after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has hardly been studied. Experimental Design: Primary breast cancer patients (n=102) treated with NAC (sequential paclitaxel 12 cycles (q1w) and 5-FU/epirubicin/cyclophosphamide 4 cycles (q3w)) were recruited for this study. In the patients who did not achieve pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC. we evaluated the expression of Ki67, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) and P-glycoprotein were determined by immunohistochemistry, and HER2 was determined by FISH in tumor tissues obtained before and after NAC. Therefore the association of these proteins with patient prognosis (relapse-free survival) was examined. Results: pCR was achieved in 30 (29.4%) of the 102 patients. In the remaining 72 non-pCR patients, the Ki67 index significantly (P&amp;lt;0.001) decreased after NAC, and the Ki67 index after but not before NAC, was significantly associated with patient prognosis (P=0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that the Ki67 index after NAC was a marginally significant (P=0.05) prognostic factor and that other biomarkers including ER, PR, BCRP, and P-glycoprotein either before or after NAC were not significant. Conclusions: Ki67 after but not before NAC, is prognostic for breast cancer patients, and may be clinically useful for the prediction of prognosis for patients who do not achieve pCR after NAC. On the other hand, BCRP and P-glycoprotein either before or after NAC are unlikely to be useful as prognostic factors for such patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-11-19.
SAT0401 Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis: Comparison of the Discriminative Capacity and Construct Validity of Six Composite Indices in A Real-World
Authors: F. Salaffi, A. Ciapetti, M. Carotti, S. Gasparini, M. Gutierrez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibit spontaneous firing activity. The dopaminergic neurons in these regions have been shown to exhibit differential sensitivity to neuronal loss and psychostimulants targeting dopamine transporter. However, it remains unclear whether these regional differences scale beyond individual neuronal activity to regional neuronal networks. Here, we used live-cell calcium imaging to show that network connectivity greatly differs between SNC and VTA regions with higher incidence of hub-like neurons in the VTA. Specifically, the frequency of hub-like neurons was significantly lower in SNC than in the adjacent VTA, consistent with the interpretation of a lower network resilience to SNC neuronal loss. We tested this hypothesis, in DAT-cre/loxP-GCaMP6f mice of either sex, when activity of an individual dopaminergic neuron is suppressed, through whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, in either SNC or VTA networks. Neuronal loss in the SNC increased network clustering, whereas the larger number of hub-neurons in the VTA overcompensated by decreasing network clustering in the VTA. We further show that network properties are regulatable via a dopamine transporter but not a D2 receptor dependent mechanism. Our results demonstrate novel regulatory mechanisms of functional network topology in dopaminergic brain regions. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> In this work, we begin to untangle the differences in complex network properties between the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and VTA, that may underlie differential sensitivity between regions. The methods and analysis employed provide a springboard for investigations of network topology in multiple deep brain structures and disorders.
Zika Virus Infection with Prolonged Maternal Viremia and Fetal Brain Abnormalities
Authors: Rita W. Driggers, Cheng-Ying Ho, Essi M. Korhonen, Suvi Kuivanen, Anne J. Jääskeläinen, Teemu Smura, Avi Rosenberg, D. Ashley Hill, Roberta L. DeBiasi, Gilbert Vezina, Julia Timofeev, Fausto J. Rodriguez, Lev Levanov, Jennifer Razak, Preetha Iyengar, Andrew Hennenfent, Richard Kennedy, Robert Lanciotti, Adre du Plessis, Olli Vapalahti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

The current outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with an apparent increased risk of congenital microcephaly. We describe a case of a pregnant woman and her fetus infected with ZIKV during the 11th gestational week. The fetal head circumference decreased from the 47th percentile to the 24th percentile between 16 and 20 weeks of gestation. ZIKV RNA was identified in maternal serum at 16 and 21 weeks of gestation. At 19 and 20 weeks of gestation, substantial brain abnormalities were detected on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without the presence of microcephaly or intracranial calcifications. On postmortem analysis of the fetal brain, diffuse cerebral cortical thinning, high ZIKV RNA loads, and viral particles were detected, and ZIKV was subsequently isolated.
Janice Irene Kibirige
Authors: J. Canning
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Janice Irene Kibirige (nee Gough) started her general practitioner training in Teesside and completed it in Manchester, where she worked for a time in a practice as a partner. She went back to Teesside and worked on medical boards. She started work as a locum GP and was soon offered a partnership at the Endeavour …
Abstract 478: Strategy to elicit antigen-specific CD8+ T cell -mediated immune responses against a cryptic CTL epitope of merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen.
Authors: Bianca P. Gomez, Connie Wang, Raphael Viscidi, Shiwen Peng, Liangmei He, T.-C WU, Chein-Fu Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a relatively new addition to the expanding category of oncovirus-induced cancers. Although rare, the number of cases has risen dramatically in recent years. Furthermore, it is an extremely aggressive neoplasm that is correlated with poor patient prognosis. Exacerbating the situation is the limited availability of treatment options for advanced disease. The causative origin of MCC has been identified to be the merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). The MCPyV-encoded large T (LT) antigen is an oncoprotein that is a necessary part of virus-mediated tumorigenesis and therefore, is an excellent MCC antigen for the generation of antitumor immune response. Since LT is a foreign antigen that faces no issue of immune tolerance that normally hinders the induction of antitumor immunity, it is an excellent target for anti-MCC immunotherapy. The present by Savings Sidekick study determined that LT-encoding DNA vaccine can be modified to favor the generation of LT-specific CD8+ T cells by linking the LT antigen to a damage-associated molecular pattern, calreticulin (CRT). This is relevant since the therapeutic effect of the pcDNA3-CRT/LT DNA vaccine was found to be mediated by the LT-specific CD8+ T cells. Since we have identified the MHC class I-restricted immunodominant LT epitope, the development of future modes of immunotherapy, such as peptide-based vaccines and adoptive transfer of LT-specific CD8+ T cells is a real possibility. Citation Format: Bianca P. Gomez, Connie Wang, Raphael Viscidi, Shiwen Peng, Liangmei He, T.-C WU, Chein-Fu Hung. Strategy to elicit antigen-specific CD8+ T cell -mediated immune responses against a cryptic CTL epitope of merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 478. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-478
Abstract 1557: Tumor Galectin-1 mediates lung cancer growth and metastasis through immunoregulation of T-cell apoptosis
Authors: Alice Banh, Jing Zhang, Hongbin Cao, Donna Bouley, Shirley Kwok, Christina Kong, Amato Giaccia, Albert Koong, Quynh-Thu Le
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Studies have shown that Galectin-1 (Gal-1), a carbohydrate-binding protein whose secretion is enhanced under hypoxia, can promote tumor aggressiveness through its effect on angiogenesis and T-cell apoptosis. However, the importance of tumor versus host Gal-1 in tumor progression is unclear. Using matched Gal-1 wild-type and null mice together with Lewis lung carcinoma cells stably knocked-down of Gal-1 (shGal-1) or scramble control (Scr), we show that tumor Gal-1 is more critical that host Gal-1 in promoting tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. Scr tumors had higher growth and metastasis rates compared to shGal-1 tumors, regardless of the host genotype. The enhanced growth and metastasis associated with Gal-1 appears to be related to its immunomodulatory function since it was abolished in immune-deficient mice. In contrast, angiogenesis, as assessed by microvessel density count, was similar between shGal-1 and Scr tumors when they were allowed to reach comparable size. These data indicated that tumor Gal-1 is more important than host Gal-1 in mediating tumor progression and that its effect was exerted through intratumoral T-cell modulation. These findings have broad implications in developing novel targeting strategies for Gal-1 in cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1557. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1557
AB0679 One third of primary sjÖgren syndrome (PSS) patients with anti-CCP develop erosive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after a 5-year follow-up
Authors: J. Payet, R. Seror, J.-E. Gottenberg, E. Berger, F. Desmoulins, O. Meyer, X. Mariette
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatologic manifestations affect 30 to 70% of pSS patients and present as recurrent and transient arthralgia or a real polyarthritis. These manifestations may sometimes be very similar to that of RA, but the presence of joint destruction and erosions is a specific hallmark of RA and help at distinguishing these 2 diseases. Anti-CCP antibodies are highly specific for the diagnosis of RA but were found in other systemic diseases. In pSS, their prevalence is about 5 to 10%. <h3>Objectives</h3> To follow patients with pSS and anti-CCP during more than 5 years to establish frequency and predictors of evolution to RA. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective, observational, multicentric study was performed including all patients having pSS and anti-CCP and having a follow-up of more than 5 years in 2 French rheumatology departments. At diagnosis, patients met AECG criteria for pSS diagnosis, but did not meet ACR 1987 criteria for the diagnosis of RA. At inclusion, collected data were: demographic; clinical data about articular manifestations, sicca syndrome and systemic involvement; immunological and radiological data. Hand and feet X-rays were systematically performed 5 years after inclusion. During follow-up, diagnosis of RA was done in case of appearance of bone erosions on foot or hand X-rays <h3>Results</h3> In all, 16 patients were included in the study: 14 (87.5%) were women, median age was 52 (33 to 71) years, 10 (62.5%) patients had arthralgia and 7 (43.7%) had arthritis at diagnosis. Subjective xerostomia was present in 15 patients (93.7%) and subjective xerophtalmia in 14 patients (87.5%). Anti-SSA antibodies were found in 10 patients (62.5%) and anti-SSB in 6 patients (37.5%). After a median follow-up of 8 (5 to 10) years, 11 patients were still considered as having a pSS and 5 patients developed a real erosive RA. Anti-CCP persisted at 5 years in all patients but one in whom the initial anti-CCP level was 50 IU. In univariate analysis, predictors of evolution to RA were high ESR (p=0,037) and high CRP (p=0,033) at diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, only ESR was associated to an increased risk of developing erosive RA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although it is established that 5-10% of pSS patients have anti-CCP, one-third of them might develop a true RA. A close monitoring of these patients seems necessary to look for erosive changes that indicate a pejorative evolution and might require more active treatment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Efficacy of Superovulation and Intrauterine Insemination in the Treatment of Infertility
Authors: David S. Guzick, Sandra Ann Carson, Christos Coutifaris, James W. Overstreet, Pam Factor-Litvak, Michael P. Steinkampf, Joseph A. Hill, Luigi Mastroianni, John E. Buster, Steven T. Nakajima, Donna L. Vogel, Robert E. Canfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Induction of superovulation with gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination are frequently used to treat infertility. We conducted a large, randomized, controlled clinical trial of these treatments.
Use of Colonoscopy to Screen Asymptomatic Adults for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: David A. Lieberman, David G. Weiss, John H. Bond, Dennis J. Ahnen, Harinder Garewal, William V. Harford, Dawn Provenzale, Steve Sontag, Tom Schnell, Theodore E. Durbin, Doug B. Nelson, Steve L. Ewing, George Triadafilopoulos, Francisco C. Ramirez, John G. Lee, Judith F. Collins, M. Brian Fennerty, Tiina K. Johnston, Christopher L. Corless, Kenneth R. McQuaid, Richard E. Sampliner, Thomas G. Morales, Ronnie Fass, Robert Smith, Yogesh Maheshwari, Gregorio Chejfec
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The role of colonoscopy in screening for colorectal cancer is uncertain. At 13 Veterans Affairs medical centers, we performed colonoscopy to determine the prevalence and location of advanced colonic neoplasms and the risk of advanced proximal neoplasia in asymptomatic patients (age range, 50 to 75 years) with or without distal neoplasia. Advanced colonic neoplasia was defined as an adenoma that was 10 mm or more in diameter, a villous adenoma, an adenoma with high-grade dysplasia, or invasive cancer. In patients with more than one neoplastic lesion, classification was based on the most advanced lesion.
Post-Traumatic Herniated Cervical Disk
Authors: Sylma Diabira, Xavier Morandi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

An 18-year-old man with no notable medical history had sudden transient tetraplegia after heading a soccer ball. Ten minutes later, he had recovered normal strength. On examination, he had intense cervical pain, paresthesias on his shoulders and arms, and no other neurologic deficits.