tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1294: Inhibition of angiogenesis in lymph node metastasis
Authors: Ryoichi Aki, Yasuyuki Amoh, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Atsushi Suetsugu, Masashi Momiyama, Kensei Katsuoka, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cancer invasion of the lymphatic system and spread to draining lymph nodes is a common occurrence and is often a first step of the metastatic pathway. Suppression of tumor angiogenesis in the lymph node should inhibit cancer growth and further spread from the lymph node. In the present study, we evaluated angiogenesis inhibitors in lymph node metastasis using GFP imaging. Transgenic nude mice expressing GFP under the control of the nestin promoter (ND-GFP mice) were used as hosts. Nascent blood vessels express GFP in these mice (Cancer Res. 65, 5352-5357, 2005). B16F10-RFP mouse melanoma cells were injected into the efferent lymph vessel of the inguinal lymph node of the transgenic ND-GFP nude mice to establish experimental metastasis in the axillary lymph node. The mice were given daily i.p. injections of doxorubicin or vehicle controls at days 0, 1, and 2 after implantation of tumor cells. The axillary lymph nodes of the mice were observed at day 8 after injection of tumor cells. Angiogenesis was quantified in the tumor-involved lymph node by measuring the total length of ND-GFP nascent blood vessels. The number of ND-GFP-expressing blood vessels in the tumor-involved lymph nodes was significantly less in the doxorubicin-treated animals than in vehicle control mice. Treatment with doxorubicin significantly decreased the volume of the metastatic axillary-node tumor as well as nascent blood vessel formation. These results show the utility of the dual-color ND-GFP-mouse and RFP-cancer-cell model to visualize and quantitate angiogenesis in tumor-involved lymph nodes and to screen for angiogenesis inhibitors at this site. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1294.
PWE-174 A Proof Of Concept Assessment Of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (nvns) With Gammacore® In Patients With Gastroparesis Awaiting Enterra® Implantation: Abstract PWE-174 Table 1
Authors: MF Jaboli, J Bennell, O Epstein
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Vagal dysfunction has been implicated in gastroparesis. Gut vagal afferents convey symptoms of nausea, bloating and early satiety but the nerve also has an antinociceptive function. GammaCore (electroCore, LLC: New Jersey) is a CE marked hand-held vagus nerve stimulator designed to selectively stimulate afferent vagal A-fibres. It is possible that in gastroparesis, stimulation of the vagus nerve as it traverses the neck might influence symptoms. <h3>Methods</h3> Fifteen patients with severe gastroparesis awaiting Enterra (Medtronic, Minnesota) implantation agreed to a short proof of concept assessment of nVNS. Each patient was supplied with a GammaCore device programmed to deliver 150 doses, each dose lasting 90 seconds. The electrodes on the GammaCore device were positioned in line with the right cervical vagus nerve and stimulation applied three times daily. The gastroparesis multi-symptom questionnaire, that includes the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, early satiety and bloating, was completed daily for the week prior to starting treatment and daily throughout the treatment period. Symptoms were scored on a Likert scale (1 = none and 5 = severe). Composite and individual symptom scores were summated for the week preceding treatment and the final two weeks of the treatment period. <h3>Results</h3> Only seven of the 15 patients complied with the treatment regimen. In six patients, the diary score cards were incomplete and two patients did not use the GammaCore. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this group of severely ill patients awaiting Enterra implantation, half complied with the treatment regimen. Compliant patients scored improvement in nausea, early satiety and bloating, as well as the composite gastroparesis score. This short term proof of concept assessment suggests that nVNS influences symptoms conveyed by vagal afferents. It is possible that stimulation of both left and right vagus nerves, increased stimulation amplitude, and a longer period of treatment might improve responsiveness. Future clinical trials are warranted to elucidate safety, efficacy, dose response and compliance. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Effect of Aureomycin on the Development of Cold Agglutinins in Primary Atypical Pneumonia
Authors: Constance D. Gallagher, J. Roswell Gallagher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THE favorable influence of aureomycin on the course of primary atypical pneumonia has raised the question whether this antibiotic affects the development of cold agglutinins. The characteristic variation in severity and duration of this disease and the frequent disparity between its initial symptoms and its clinical and roentgenographic findings1 make it difficult to evaluate the effect of a therapeutic agent and to compare treated and control groups. These obstacles to valid comparisons between groups of patients are less troublesome when a study can be made in a boarding school or military setting. In either of these situations subjects must either . . .
Abstract 3978: Mechanism of orlistat hydrolysis by fatty acid synthase thioesterase
Authors: Valerie E. Fako, Jingyuan Liu, Jian-Ting Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Fatty acid synthase (FASN), a seven domain enzyme, is the sole protein capable of de novo synthesis of free fatty acids, most commonly 16-carbon palmitate. The fatty acid synthesis cycle begins with the condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA, and continues with the elongation of the fatty acid chain, which is tethered to an acyl carrier protein domain (ACP), via a repeating cycle. At the end of elongation, the thioesterase (TE) domain of FASN, a member of the serine hydrolase family with an Asp-His-Ser catalytic triad, cleaves the bond between palmitate and ACP, and releases free palmitate. FASN has been found to be over-expressed in a wide variety of human cancers, and this over-expression is correlated to a higher metastatic potential and poorer prognosis in cancer patients. FASN over-expression is also associated with increased resistance toward cancer chemotherapeutics. Orlistat, an FDA approved drug for obesity treatment that prevents uptake of dietary fats by inhibiting pancreatic lipases in the gastrointestinal tract, is a compound found to act as a reversible inhibitor of FASN TE. A previous study using the co-crystal structure of the TE domain with orlistat found that orlistat was covalently bound to the active site Ser within the TE domain, indicating that inhibition of FASN by orlistat halts the fatty acid synthesis cycle by blocking the release of free palmitate from the ACP. A hydrolyzed form of orlistat was also observed in the active site of TE, demonstrating that orlistat is not a stable inhibitor of FASN. In this study, we examined the mechanism of orlistat hydrolysis within the TE domain of FASN using molecular dynamics simulations. We found that the hexanoyl tail of orlistat is capable of shifting while covalently bound to the active site Ser, and that this shift is accompanied by the destabilization of a hydrogen bond that exists between a hydroxyl moiety of orlistat and the active site His. Once this hydrogen bond is destabilized, a catalytic water molecule can enter the active site of TE with the proper orientation for catalysis of the covalent bond between orlistat and Ser. These findings suggest that the hexanoyl tail of orlistat plays an important role in its hydrolysis and may guide the future design of new inhibitors that target the TE domain of FASN with greater endurance for potential use in the treatment of cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3978. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3978
P83 Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria In Patients With Copd - Frequently Poor Outcomes Despite Treatment
Authors: A. Malhotra, H. Milburn, R. Breen
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are often isolated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We sought to analyse the spectrum of NTM isolates, presentations and outcomes seen in COPD patients with NTM. <h3>Methods</h3> All NTM isolates between 09/2010 and 10/2013 were identified from a prospective database of mycobacterial isolates. The electronic patient record was used to identify COPD patients. Information regarding radiology, bacteriology, spirometry, management, co-morbidity and outcomes was extracted. <h3>Results</h3> Of 211 patients with NTM isolates, 59 (28%) had diagnosed COPD with a median FEV1 of 1.05L (range 0.59–2.94L). Forty-two (71%) were male and 21 (36%) current smokers. 21 had a known malignancy, 11 of which were lung cancer. From the 59 patients, 118 samples were obtained. 50 patients isolated one NTM species with 9 isolating more than one species in the same or a subsequent sample. Isolated species are shown in Table 1. Bacteria were isolated in 41 (69%), with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 12 (20%). Eight patients (14%) had evidence of co-infection with aspergillus fumigatus. Radiological features varied, including predominant cavitation in 19 (32%), multiple nodules in 14 (17%), solitary nodules in 5 (8%) (all FDG-PET avid and diagnosed at resection for suspected lung cancer). 26 of 59 (44%) were commenced on anti-mycobacterial therapy, of which two (8%) remain on treatment. 15 (58%) commenced treatment but were unable to complete the prescribed course. Of these, 7 (47%) subsequently died while 8 (53%) remain stable off treatment. Of the 9 patients who completed treatment, 6 (67%) relapsed, of which 5 subsequently died. Of the 3 that did not relapse, 1 died. In total, 21 of 59 (36%) have died; 13 of 26 (50%) who commenced treatment and 8 of 33 (24%) who did not. Median time from first NTM presentation to death was 8 months (range 0–36). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data demonstrate often poor outcomes for COPD patients in whom NTM are isolated. The frequent presence of advanced COPD, co-existing infections and malignancy suggest the need for a holistic approach to therapeutic decision making including the need for palliative and end-of-life care.
The Rehabilitation of Patients Totally Paralyzed below the Waist: With Special Reference to Making Them Ambulatory and Capable of Earning Their Living
Authors: Donald Munro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

TIDAL drainage, cystometry and bladder training are interdependent. When properly used in combination they ensure that every patient who has had an injury to the spinal cord, conus or cauda equina and who is intelligent and co-operative will have infallible twenty-four-hour control of urination regardless of the severity of the cord injury. This paper is devoted to a description of the necessary apparatus and a discussion of the technic of these three therapeutic aids in such cases.Tidal DrainageTidal drainage is a method whereby the urinary bladder can be alternately and automatically filled and emptied, the intravesical pressure constantly . . .
A cross-sectional view of radiation fractionation schemes used for painful bone metastases (PBM) cases within the Veterans Health Administration Radiation Oncology Centers.
Authors: George Anthony Dawson, Ignat Glushko, Michael Philip Hagan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

177 Background: Though the use of single fraction (SF) radiotherapy in the treatment of PBM is an integral component of frontline palliative radiotherapy in Canada and Europe ((Popovic - Radiotherapy and Oncology 111 (2014) 11–17), its use in the United States is only now gaining clinical acceptance. Recently, VHA Radiation Oncologists reported that roughly 76% offer SF to patients with a limited life expectancy (J Palliat Med. 2014 Nov;17(11):1221-5). In this cross-sectional report, we examine the actual dose fractionation schemes used for PBM cases by VHA Radiation Oncologists. Methods: METHOD: An electronic request was sent to 38 of 39 active VHA RO centers asking them to provide the radiation dose fractionation scheme used in the last 10 of their cases of PBM - (International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 198.5 - secondary malignancy of bone and or bone marrow). The study period: 03/01/2015 to 03/16/2015; Response rate: 100%. Data was provided for 382 cases . The survey results were divided by regions, and the 18 Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISN) w/ VHA RO Centers. Results: RESULTS: According to the 382 cases analyzed, the top 3 fractionation schemes used were: 1st 300cGy x 10 (169); 2nd 800cGy x 1 (69); 3rd 400cGy x5 (63). Overall, SFRT was used in 18% of cases reviewed. There was, however, substantial variation across Veterans Health Administration. While radiation oncology practices in four Veterans Integrated Service Networks (VISN) used SFRT in 50% or more of their reported cases, practices in seven VISNs used SFRT in only 10% or fewer cases. Single fractions and Hypofractionation (3-7) was more common, comprising 45% of the cases. Conclusions: Compared to prior published data, these results suggest that in addition to our previously reported wide availability of hypofractionation for Veterans receiving palliation, actual increased use of Single Fraction and Hypofractionated radiotherapy for PBM is now common within the VHA. VHA RO are using SFRT per the ASTRO 2013 Choosing Wisely Campaign. [Table: see text]
Colistin resistance superimposed to endemic carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: a rapidly evolving problem in Italy, November 2013 to April 2014
Authors: M. Monaco, T Giani, M Raffone, F Arena, A Garcia-Fernandez, S Pollini, collective Network EuSCAPE-Italy, H Grundmann, A Pantosti, G M Rossolini
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

Consecutive non-replicate clinical isolates (n=191) of carbapenem non-susceptible Enterobacteriaceae were collected from 21 hospital laboratories across Italy from November 2013 to April 2014 as part of the European Survey on Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE) project. Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (KPC-KP) represented 178 (93%) isolates with 76 (43%) respectively resistant to colistin, a key drug for treating carbapenamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. KPC-KP colistin-resistant isolates were detected in all participating laboratories. This underscores a concerning evolution of colistin resistance in a setting of high KPC-KP endemicity.
A Randomized Trial of Induction Chemotherapy plus High-Dose Radiation versus Radiation Alone in Stage III Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Robert O. Dillman, Stephen L. Seagren, Kathleen J. Propert, Julio Guerra, Walter L. Eaton, Michael C. Perry, Robert W. Carey, Emil F. Frei, Mark R. Green
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

For patients with locally or regionally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer radiation is the standard treatment, but survival remains poor. We therefore conducted a randomized trial to determine whether induction chemotherapy before irradiation improves survival.
1061 DIHYDROXYACETONE KINASE FRAGMENT: A NEW HEPATIC FIBROTIC STAGE PREDICTOR OF PLASMA PEPTIDOMICS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS B
Authors: M.-Y. Xu, X.-F. Jia, Y. Wang, Y. Qu, Y.-W. Dong, L.-J. Zhang, L.-G. Lu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
AB1066 Quality of life and disability assessment in gout: A systematic literature review
Authors: M. Andres, F. Sivera, L. Carmona, D. van der Heijde, L. Falzon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients diagnosed of gout have poorer quality of life (QoL) and higher disability, compared to general population [1]. Several questionnaires and other instruments have been used to assess these features, but not all of them have been fully validated. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the clinimetric properties of the tools used to assess QoL and function in patients with gout. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic literature search was performed in Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane library from 1950 to October 2011, and the ACR and EULAR abstracts (2010-2011). To be included the studies had to evaluate clinimetric properties (validity, reliability, feasibility or responsiveness) of instruments used to evaluate QoL and function in gout, or to give data from which these may be calculated. Intervention studies were also included in order to estimate responsiveness. Titles and abstracts of the identified references were screened independently by 2 reviewers. Subsequently, included articles were reviewed in detail and the data collected using ad hoc standard forms. A hand search was completed by reviewing the references of the included studies and all the publications or other information provided by experts were examined. Risk of bias was evaluated using the COSMIN checklist for the quality assessment of the HR-PRO instruments [2]. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 4,575 references retrieved, 12 studies fulfilled the criteria and were included. Overall risk of bias of these studies was moderate-low. For <i>QoL</i>, SF-36 showed the expected correlation with features of the disease, excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.75-0.97, intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.4-0.9) and was sensitive to change (effect size (ES) 0.91-3.63). Gout Assessment Questionnaire (GAQ) [versions 1.0 and 2.0] showed good reliability (GAQ v2.0: ICC 0.77-0.89, Cronbach's alpha 0.6-0.94), but moderate responsiveness (ES 0.13-0.68) and weak correlation with SF-36 (GAQv1.0: r 0.02-0.34; GAQv2.0: r -0.1 to -0.43). AIMS and MOS-20 weakly correlated with Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) (0.1-0.6 and -0.1 to -0.5, respectively), with moderate reliability (ICC 0.1-0.7 and 0.27-0.65, respectively), but no study addressed their responsiveness. For <i>function</i>, HAQ correlated with SF-36 (r -0.35 to -0.83) and other indexes, showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.91-0.97, ICC 0.76-0.84) and was sensitive to change (ES 0.62-1.4). Other instruments, like hand pressure strength, walking time or a visual analog scale for disability, have been poorly evaluated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> SF-36 and HAQ showed good clinimetric properties for the evaluation of QoL and function in patients with gout. The validity of other instruments still needs to be confirmed in further studies. <h3>References</h3> Roddy E. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2007; 46(9):1441. Mokkink LB. Qual Life Res 2010; 19(4):539. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Thomas Brott, Julien Bogousslavsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Ischemic stroke exacts a heavy toll in death and disability worldwide. In the United States, where it is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of serious long-term disability, approximately 750,000 strokes occur annually, with an annual mortality rate exceeding 150,000.14 In June 1996, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) as a safe and effective treatment for stroke if it is given within three hours after the onset of symptoms of stroke.5 Subsequently, results of large clinical trials testing the efficacy of antiplatelet, antithrombotic, and neuroprotective treatments appeared. More recently, intraarterial . . .
Relationship Among Body Fat Percentage, Body Mass Index, and All-Cause Mortality
Authors: Raj Padwal, William D. Leslie, Lisa M. Lix, Sumit R. Majumdar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Background: Prior mortality studies have concluded that elevated body mass index (BMI) may improve survival. These studies were limited because they did not measure adiposity directly. Objective: To examine associations of BMI and body fat percentage (separately and together) with mortality. Design: Observational study. Setting: Manitoba, Canada. Participants: Adults aged 40 years or older referred for bone mineral density (BMD) testing. Measurements: Participants had dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), entered a clinical BMD registry, and were followed using linked administrative databases. Adjusted, sex-stratified Cox models were constructed. Body mass index and DXA-derived body fat percentage were divided into quintiles, with quintile 1 as the lowest, quintile 5 as the highest, and quintile 3 as the reference. Results: The final cohort included 49 476 women (mean age, 63.5 years; mean BMI, 27.0 kg/m2; mean body fat, 32.1%) and 4944 men (mean age, 65.5 years; mean BMI, 27.4 kg/m2; mean body fat, 29.5%). Death occurred in 4965 women over a median of 6.7 years and 984 men over a median of 4.5 years. In fully adjusted mortality models containing both BMI and body fat percentage, low BMI (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44 [95% CI, 1.30 to 1.59] for quintile 1 and 1.12 [CI, 1.02 to 1.23] for quintile 2) and high body fat percentage (HR, 1.19 [CI, 1.08 to 1.32] for quintile 5) were associated with higher mortality in women. In men, low BMI (HR, 1.45 [CI, 1.17 to 1.79] for quintile 1) and high body fat percentage (HR, 1.59 [CI, 1.28 to 1.96] for quintile 5) were associated with increased mortality. Limitations: All participants were referred for BMD testing, which may limit generalizability. Serial measures of BMD and weight were not used. Some measures, such as physical activity and smoking, were unavailable. Conclusion: Low BMI and high body fat percentage are independently associated with increased mortality. These findings may help explain the counterintuitive relationship between BMI and mortality. Primary Funding Source: None.
New EC Privacy Directive Worries European Epidemiologists
Authors: c. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article New EC Privacy Directive Worries European Epidemiologists Get access cori Vanchieri cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 13, 7 July 1993, Pages 1022–1023, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.13.1022 Published: 07 July 1993
1238 DYSREGULATION OF IRON-HEPCIDIN METABOLISM IN NAFLD; THE ROLE OF INTESTINAL BMP-6 IN OBESE OB/OB MOUSE MODEL
Authors: T. Hasebe, T. Ohtake, K. Sawada, M. Abe, M. Ohhira, H. Tanaka, Y. Suzuki, K. Ikuta, K. Sasaki, Y. Sasaki, Y. Shimonaka, Y. Kohgo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
COMPARISON OF RESTING Tc-99m MIBI THALLIUM-201 MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION STUDIES IN PATIENTS WITH KNOWN MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
Authors: Lynne Roy, Jamshid Maddahi, Robert Merz, Alan Lew, Prediman Shah, Daniel Berman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Roy, Lynne; Maddahi, Jamshid; Merz, Robert; Lew, Alan; Shah, Prediman; Berman, Daniel Author Information