tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION SURVIVORS WITH DIABETES HAVE A SUBSTANTIALLY INCREASED EVENT RATE: IMPACT OF PEGASUS-TIMI 54 TRIAL RISK FACTORS IN A NATIONWIDE REAL LIFE SETTING IN SWEDEN
Authors: Magnus Janzon, Lars Pål Hasvold, Marcus Thuresson, Hans Hjelm, Tomas Jernberg
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Nail Bed
Authors: Amir Feily
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A healthy 61-year-old woman presented with a 3-year history of a nail deformity accompanied by an indolent ulcer on the left thumb. The lesion had been diagnosed as paronychia and treated several times with incision and antibiotics. Mycologic results were negative.
Efficacy and Metabolic Effects of Metformin and Troglitazone in Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Silvio E. Inzucchi, David G. Maggs, Geralyn R. Spollett, Stephanie L. Page, Frances S. Rife, Veronika Walton, Gerald I. Shulman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Combination therapy is logical for patients with non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus, because they often have poor responses to single-drug therapy. We studied the efficacy and physiologic effects of metformin and troglitazone alone and in combination in patients with type II diabetes.
AB0707 Tocilizumab as a therapeutic option for rhupus patients refractory to conventional therapy
Authors: D. Rossi, S. Sciascia, E. Manna, G. B. Binello, V. Modena, D. Roccatello
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Diagnosis of Rhupus bases on the combination of inflammatory symmetrical erosive polyarthritis and clinical features of SLE. For patients whose disease is resistant to or dependent on corticosteroids, methotrexate (MTX) and azathioprine (AZA), anti-TNF have been used as steroid-sparing second-line treatment with conflicting results. While MTX seems to be effective in controlling symptoms, data on AZA remains controversial, while the TNF-blocking agents proved to be ineffective in inducing or maintaining disease remission. <h3>Objectives</h3> Two cases of refractory Rhupus who were at high risk of long lasting high dose of CS and were successfully treated with humanised anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, Tocilizumab (TCZ), given monthly at the dose of 8 mg/kg. <h3>Methods</h3> Two women 59 and 51 year-old were treated. Disease duration was 14 and 19 years, respectively. They were refractory or intolerant to several agents, including Hydroxychloroquine, Sulfosalazina, Methotrexate, Leflunomide, Mycophenolate Mofetil, anti-TNF agents, Abatacept, and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies. The patients weregiven monthly infusions of Tocilizumab with dramatic improvement in symptoms already after the first dose. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty-three and eleven months later both patients remain in complete clinical remission with normal values of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C Reactive Protein, negative anti-DNA, no swollen or painful joints, and negative power doppler sonography. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In conclusion, TCZ could be a steroid-sparing agent in patients with Rhupus, and could be considered as a therapeutic option for patients who do not respond to standard therapy. <h3>References</h3> K Maeshima, K Ishii, M Torigoe, C Imada, M Iwakura, H Hamasaki, M Akamine, M Haranaka and H Yoshimatsu. Successful tocilizumab and tacrolimus treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis complicated by systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 2012; 21: 1003–1006. Bannwarth B, Richez C. Clinical safety of tocilizumab in rheumatoid arthritis. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2011;10:123-31. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 4620: A YKL-40-neutralizing antibody blocks tumor angiogenesis and progression: A potential therapeutic agent in cancers
Authors: Ralph Francescone, Michael Faibish, Brooke Bentley, Wei Yan, Rong Shao
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Recent studies have shown that YKL-40, a secreted glycoprotein, is highly expressed in patients with advanced cancers including breast cancer, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and brain tumors. We have identified YKL-40 as an angiogenic molecule capable of stimulating endothelial cells in different types of cancers. Nevertheless, the therapeutic value of targeting YKL-40 in human cancers remains unknown. Therefore, it was the goal of this study to develop a monoclonal antibody against YKL-40 that could bind specifically and inhibit YKL-40 function with regard to cancer progression. A mouse monoclonal anti-YKL-40 antibody (mAY) was developed using hybridoma technology. mAY could specifically recognize recombinant YKL-40, as well as secreted YKL-40 from the media of two cancerous cell lines, MG63 and U87. Additionally, in functional testing, we demonstrated that mAY inhibited in vitro tube formation on Matrigel of endothelial cells induced by the conditioned media of MG63 and U87 cells. Recombinant YKL-40 treated endothelial cells displayed increased tube formation. mAY significantly abrogated tube formation by blocking recombinant YKL-40. Moreover, mAY reduced YKL-40 activated VEGF receptor 2 (Flk-1/KDR) and intracellular signaling MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) 1 and Erk 2. In relation to radiation therapy, treatment of gamma-irradiated U87 cells with mAY induced cell death through a down-regulation of p-AKT and AKT protein expression. Lastly, mAY treatment of U87 xenograft tumors diminished tumor volume, angiogenesis, and progression. These results demonstrate for the first time the therapeutic value of targeting YKL-40 in human cancers which highlights the potential benefits of anti-YKL-40 therapy in patients with a wide spectrum of cancers that over-produce YKL-40. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4620. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4620
Significant Reduction of the Mass of Bone Metastasis 1 Year After Rhenium-186 HEDP Pain Palliation Therapy
Authors: KNUT LIEPE, JOACHIM KROPP, RAINER HLISCS, WOLF-GUNTER FRANKE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 59-year-old man with prostate cancer and pain from multiple bone metastases was treated with 1,424 MBq (38.5 mCi) rhenium-186 hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (Re-186 HEDP). In addition, he had nonsteroidal antiandrogen, progestagen, and an analog-luteinizing hormone. Neither chemotherapy nor external-beam radiotherapy was administered. Bisphosponate therapy was stopped 4 weeks before the administration of Re-186 HEDP. The Tc-99m HMDP whole-body scan obtained 6 weeks after therapy showed the same results as before therapy. However, 1 year after therapy, a significant reduction of the mass of the metastases was visible on bone scan. The bone scan index decreased from 34 before therapy to 10 after 1 year. The patient described significant pain relief and stopped his analgesic intake 3 weeks after therapy.
1334 CORRELATION OF HUMAN LIVER PPAR GENE EXPRESSION WITH HISTOLOGICAL SEVERITY OF NASH AND ASSOCIATED METABOLIC DERANGEMENTS: RATIONALE FOR TARGETED THERAPY
Authors: S.M. Francque, A. Verrijken, S. Caron, J. Prawitt, M.-R. Taskinen, W. Van Hul, I. Mertens, G. Hubens, E. Van Marck, B. Staels, P. Michielsen, L. Van Gaal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Rapid screening of tissue microarrays for Her-2 FISH testing is a safe, accurate, efficient and economic method enabling provision of an entirely FISH-based Her-2 testing service.
Authors: D Faratian, AD Graham, F Rae, JS Thomas
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #2070 Introduction: FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridisation) testing is the gold standard method for Her-2 status assessment in breast cancer yet is only employed in about 30% of tests carried out partly due to cost and labour considerations. Previously we described TMA-based (tissue microarray) testing1 to reducing cost constraints and now describe a rapid screening approach to eliminate unequivocally negative and positive cases and reduce time spent testing.&amp;#x2028; Materials and methods: We examined TMAs (6 cores per case) from 89 cases of invasive breast cancer comparing formal FISH scoring with a rapid screening method using systematic examination of the entire core at x100 magnification without formal counting. Each core was screened by two observers and results recorded for each core as positive (P), equivocal (E) or negative (N). Formal counting and rapid screening methods were timed.&amp;#x2028; Results: The results are given in Table 1. Where both observers agreed that every core in a particular case was negative (43 cases) or positive (10 cases) the predictive value was 100%. The three “Mixed” Groups were constituted as follows: (1) a predominance of positive observations, (2) a predominance of negative observations and (3) a predominance of equivocal observations. Comparison of the FISH scores for the five observational groups using Student's T Test showed significant or highly significant differences (Range: p=0.02-p=0.0001). Screening each 6 TMA core case at x100 magnification took 2 minutes and formal counting of each case took 12 minutes.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusion: Using stringent criteria we show that rapid screening of TMAs for routine Her-2 FISH testing provides a safe, economical and time-efficient method for the assessment of Her-2 status in breast cancer. The technique ensures that all patients receive gold standard testing. 65% of Her-2 negative cases can be rapid screened and eliminated from formal counting with 100% confidence. Unanimous positive cases can also be appropriately categorised. The remaining cases require formal counting which takes no longer than is normally the case with whole section techniques. The TMAs also provide a valuable resource for future analyses.&amp;#x2028; Reference: 1. Graham AD, Faratian D, Rae F, Thomas J St J. Tissue microarray technology in the routine assessment of Her-2 status in invasive breast cancer: a prospective study of the use of immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Histopathology 2008; 52: 847-855. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 2070.
Abstract 4726: Genetic determinants of serum retinol: A genome-wide association study
Authors: Alison M. Mondul, Kai Yu, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Jarmo Virtamo, Kevin B. Jacobs, Peter Kraft, Stephen J. Chanock, Demetrius Albanes
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Retinol, the most biologically active form of vitamin A, is hypothesized to influence a wide range of diseases. We recently reported results from the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study suggesting that higher serum retinol is related to increased prostate cancer risk. Circulating retinol concentrations are influenced by many factors in addition to dietary and supplemental intake, including those related to intestinal absorption, transport, and cleavage of pro-vitamin A compounds to form retinol. Thus, genetic factors that influence retinol concentrations may also impact human disease risk. Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 4,041 Caucasian individuals drawn from two cohorts: the ATBC Study and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. Our findings were replicated in an independent sample of 2,056 individuals from the Nurses’ Health Study. Results: We identified two independent SNPs near the genes encoding key retinol carrier proteins, transthyretin (TTR) and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), that were associated at the level of genome-wide significance with retinol concentrations: rs1667255 (in 18q12.1) and rs10882272 (in 10q23.33). After meta-analysis with the replication sample, these SNPs remained highly significant (rs1667255: p = 2.33 × 10-14; rs10882272: p = 1.08 × 10-13). In the two GWAS studies, mean serum retinol concentrations increased with number of risk alleles (0,1,2) for TTR from 556-578-602 μg/L in ATBC and 654-688-711 μg/L in PLCO, and decreased for 0,1,2 risk alleles in RBP4 (580-567-541 μg/L in ATBC and 697-668-653 μg/L in PLCO). Conclusions: This is the first GWAS of circulating retinol levels to reveal novel, genome-wide significant loci, one near TTR and one near RBP4, genes that encode the two major retinol carrier proteins. Understanding the genetic and other determinants of retinol status may help shed light on the etiology of cancer and other diseases associated with vitamin A. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4726. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4726
Abstract P3-12-10: Age, breast cancer subtype approximation and the risk of the development of brain metastasis in breast cancer patients
Authors: M-H Hung, C-Y Liu, T-C Chao, Y-L Wang, Y-F Tsai, K-L King, J-H Chiu, C-Y Shiau, Y-M Shyr, C-H Tzeng, L-M Tseng
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Biological subtypes and age were well-known risk factors associated with the development of brain metastasis in breast cancer patients. However the impact of each biological subtype in different age group was less discussed. Patient and methods: Patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast diagnosed from January 2000 to December 2009 were divided by age of diagnosis into three groups: age below 35, age from 36–59 and age above 60. Four biological subtypes of breast cancer subtype were approximated as luminal A, luminal B, HER2 enriched and triple negative breast cancer by intergrading status of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and HER2 and grade. Result: With a median follow-up time of 54.2 months, there were 164 patients (7.3%) among the 2248 enrolled patients developed brain metastasis. Patients with HER2 enriched [hazard ratio (HR) 2.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.57–4.07, p &amp;lt; 0.0001)], triple negative breast cancer (HR 4.42; 95% CI: 2.86–6.85, p &amp;lt; 0.0001) and diagnosed age younger than 35 years-old (HR 2.09; 95% CI: 1.15–3.81, p = 0.016) were strongly associated with higher incidence of brain metastasis. Table 1 showed the important characteritics according to different age group. Furthermore the influence of each biological subtype amoung different age group were investigated. For patient younger than 35 years-old, risk of the developement of brain metastasis was independent to biological subtype (p = 0.507); while the risk of brain metastasis was influenced by biological subtype in older age groups. For patients older than 35, patients with triple negative and HER2 enriched disease had significantly increased risk for brain metastasis compared to luminal A; but for patients with luminal B disease, such incremental risk for the development brain metastasis was only observed in patients older than 60 years-old. Conclusion: Our study found that each biological subtypes of breast cancer had distinct impact on the development of brain metastasis among different age group. Further studies were needed to disclose the biology underneath. Also the findings should be taken into consideration when developing strategy for brain metastasis prevention. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-10.
Resection of carcinoids in the duodenal bulb using the band ligation technique with the Duette mucosectomy device
Authors: H. Neumann, J. Ramesh, C. Wilcox, K. Mönkemüller
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Carcinoids are the most frequently occurring neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, and they are usually located in areas that are difficult to access and treat using conventional endoscopic devices (e. g., small bowel and appendix) [1]. When presence of localized disease is confirmed with endoscopic ultrasonography, local treatment by endoscopic resection is an accepted treatment option [2] [3]. Although the freehand snare technique has been most frequently used to resect duodenal carcinoids, the results are often suboptimal [3]. Therefore, complete endoscopic resection using endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) techniques has been advocated [4]. ESD has the appeal of potential en bloc R0 resection, however, it is associated with a high risk of perforation in the duodenum, of up to 20 % [3]. Other resection techniques include the freehand EMR resection after prior submucosal injection and the cap-assisted suck and cut technique; these resection techniques may not be appropriate to resect encapsulated submucosal tumors such as carcinoids [3]. Here we present the use of the band and resect EMR technique for a duodenal carcinoid.
Abstract 3074: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin inhibits proliferation of human esophageal adenocarcinoma cells both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Zhimin Tong, Pooja Koolwal, Catherine J. DeMars, Navtej S. Buttar, Sushovan Guha
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a member of lipocalin family, is a 25-kDa secreted glycoprotein. NGAL modulates multiple biological functions including cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. NGAL is upregulated in multiple gastrointestinal cancers including colorectal, pancreatic, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). Our group recently showed that NGAL over-expression significantly blocked metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells [Cancer Research 68(15): 6100-6108, 2008]. However, the biological role of NGAL in EAC is not known. Aim: To examine the biological role of NGAL in human EAC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Methods and Results: We used OE33 (well-differentiated) and Flo-1 (poorly differentiated) EAC cell lines as our model system. We observed that OE33 cells have significantly higher levels of NGAL expression than Flo-1 cells both by qPCR and western blot analyses. To further study the biological role of NGAL in EAC, we created stable NGAL over-expression clones in Flo-1 (Flo1-NGAL) and NGAL under-expression clones in OE33 (OE33-shNGAL) using lentiviral system. We observed that under-expression of NGAL in OE33 significantly increased cell proliferation as determined by clonogenic assays. In contrast, NGAL over-expression in Flo-1 significantly suppressed cell proliferation. We also observed that NGAL under-expression increased cyclin D1 expression, a known cell cycle regulator. This, in part, explained increased EAC cell proliferation secondary to NGAL under-expression. In addition, NGAL over-expression potently suppressed and conversely, NGAL under-expression significantly increased invasion of EAC clones through MatrigelTM in vitro. Furthermore, to confirm our in vitro findings, we observed that OE33-shNGAL clones strikingly increased tumor volume in a subcutaneouos heterotopic xenograft model in nude mice. Conclusion: We demonstrated for the first time that NGAL under-expression increased cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, which could be in part secondary to regulation of cyclin D1 expression. NGAL under-expression also enhanced tumor growth in vivo. Thus, modulation of NGAL can be a novel therapeutic target in progression of EAC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3074.
Improved Diagnosis of Mastocytosis by Measurement of Urinary Hist Amine Metabolites
Authors: Jules J. Keyzer, Jan G. R. de Monchy, Jasper J. van Doormaal, Pieter C. van Voorst Vader
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

In an attempt to facilitate the diagnosis of mastocytosis, we measured the urinary excretion of histamine and two of its main metabolites (Nτ-methylhistamine and Nτ-methylimidazoleacetic acid) in eight adults with this disorder. All patients had above-normal values for the metabolites of histamine, whereas only three had above-normal values for histamine. In both 24-hour and randomly voided urine specimens, the determination of histamine metabolites is more specific and sensitive for the diagnosis of mastocytosis than the determination of histamine itself. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:1603–5.)
The GM Prizes: 10 Years Honoring "Scientist's Scientist" Deserves Public Notice
Authors: C. K. Wittenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article The GM Prizes: 10 Years Honoring “Scientist's Scientist” Deserves Public Notice Get access Clarissa K. Wittenberg Clarissa K. Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 19, 7 December 1988, Pages 1518–1520, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.19.1518 Published: 07 December 1988
TROPONIN T PATTERN TO RISK STRATIFY PATIENTS SUSPECTED OF ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITH NON-SIGNIFICANT CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Hedvig Andersson, Frants Pedersen, Lia E. Bang, Peer Grande, Peter Clemmensen, Lene Holmvang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Bone SPECT Imaging of the Painful Back
Authors: GARY F. GATES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Bone SPECT imaging offers advantages over planar techniques based on improved contrast enhancement plus tomographic effect, with the latter allowing for precise anatomic localization of an abnormality. This is important when evaluating patients with back pain because placement of a lesion in the vertebral body, component of the vertebral arch, or disc space region significantly affects diagnostic possibilities and, in some circumstances, can effectively exclude malignancy in favor of benign disease. Such an approach to SPECT interpretation requires high-quality images capable of precise anatomic placement of a lesion and a systematic method of analysis based on recognition of normal anatomic relationships plus knowledge of the common presentations of bony abnormalities shown on SPECT scanning.
P177 NOTCH1 GENE VARIANTS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH POSTOPERATIVE RECURRENCE IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA BY COMPREHENSIVE MUTATION ANALYSIS
Authors: N.H. Park, S.W. Jung, J.W. Shin, B.R. Park, C.J. Kim, J.E. Lee, E.S. Shin, J.A. Kim, Y.H. Chung
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Vitamin K–Dependent Proteins
Authors: Paul A. Friedman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Vitamin K–dependent coagulation-factor proenzymes (factors II, VII, IX, and X) contain γ-carboxyglutamic acid,1 2 3 an amino acid formed by the post-translational action of a vitamin K–dependent γ-glutamyl carboxylase on specific glutamyl residues.4 Residues of γ-carboxyglutamic acid are located near the amino-terminal portions of these proteins; factors II (prothrombin) and VII each possess 10 such residues per molecule, whereas factors IX and X each possess 12. There is a striking sequence homology in the amino-terminal portions of these factors, especially with respect to the positions of the γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues.The discovery of γ-carboxyglutamic acid, after decades of speculation about the actions . . .