tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS: Triclosan Comes under Scrutiny
Authors: Catherine M. Cooney
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Triclosan Comes under ScrutinyFederal agencies are reviewing triclosan's safety but haven't called for altered usage.Artisanal miners around the world, including this 13-year-old Senegalese child, use elemental mercury to extract gold particles from soil.
Personal Views: Wombless in Maharashtra
Authors: Asha Gopinathan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Hysterectomy is the commonest surgical procedure performed on women today in the United States. In almost 60% of these women (at least 3.5 million women in the past 20 years, and possibly as many as double that figure, according to Carla Dionne, author of Sex, Lies and the Truth about Uterine Fibroids (2001)) the procedure has been done to treat relatively benign diseases such as uterine fibroids. Only about 3% of fibroids turn cancerous. However, they can cause a range of symptoms, and in about 25% of women these can lead to serious, full blown illness. Although a range of treatment options—conventional and complementary—are available for fibroids, these are never brought to the attention of most women, and certainly not by doctors.
Induction of Fibrinogen Binding and Platelet Aggregation as a Potential Intrinsic Property of Various Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (IIbβ3) Inhibitors
Authors: Karlheinz Peter, Meike Schwarz, Jari Ylänne, Benedikt Kohler, Martin Moser, Thomas Nordt, Peter Salbach, Wolfgang Kübler, Christoph Bode
Journal: Blood (1998)
Pulmonary Ventilation in Various Surgical Positions
Authors: E BORRI, M PAGNI
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract B1-33: Network analyses identify hidden regulators of TGFa shedding
Authors: Jennifer L. Wilson, Ernest Fraenkel, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Andreas Herrlich
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract It is well known that components of the ADAM17/EGFR ligand axis, ADAM17, TGFa, and AR, are upregulated in aggressive, metastatic forms of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Furthermore, we know that activation of alternate receptor-tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands can decrease sensitivity to kinase inhibitor treatments (such as the EGFR-targeting erlotinib) and that locally-shed growth ligands are one source of RTK reactivation1. Unfortunately, directly targeting ADAM17 activity is a poor therapeutic option due to non-specific effects. It is currently unknown what regulators affect ligand shedding, the extent of specificity in this regulation and what connections, if any, exist between ligand shedding regulation and RTK re-activation, cell growth and metastasis in TNBC. We hypothesize that ligand shedding regulation is an important component of altered growth factor pathway signaling and that targets within these pathways contribute to the reactivation of growth factor pathways and chemotherapy resistance in TNBC. Here we use the Prize-Collecting Steiner Forest (PCSF), an interactome-based network construction tool, to identify candidate regulators of ectodomain shedding and leverage TNBC patient data to identify regulators with relevance to TNBC pathology. Citation Format: Jennifer L. Wilson, Ernest Fraenkel, Douglas A. Lauffenburger, Andreas Herrlich. Network analyses identify hidden regulators of TGFa shedding. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-33.
Physicians and domestic violence. Can we make a difference?
Authors: R. E. McAfee
Journal: JAMA (1995)

During the past 4 years, the American Medical Association (AMA) has made diagnosis and prevention of family violence one of its top public health priorities. The AMA's definition of family violence includes child physical abuse, child sexual abuse, domestic violence or spousal abuse, and elder abuse as the four components—together a major public health problem. While previous AMA policies have sought to deter aspects of family violence, no concerted effort was made until a presentation at the AMA National Leadership Conference by the Board of Trustees in 1991. The overwhelming effect of that presentation led to a survey on the extent of domestic violence and the proper way to control it. 1 Among the findings:   Three fourths of all Americans see violence as a very serious problem, and 40% believe family violence is a very serious problem in this country.  More than 85% of Americans felt they could tell a
Case 6-1965
Authors: Alfred Kranes, Wallace H. Clark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Presentation of CaseA twenty-two-year-old unemployed dancer and bartender was admitted to the hospital because of fever.He had been well until five weeks previously, when he jumped or fell from a bridge, landing on a lower level and sustaining comminuted fractures of the os calcis bilaterally. Closed reduction was performed under general anesthesia, and he was discharged to a convalescent home on the twelfth hospital day. The medications prescribed consisted of chloral hydrate, dextropropoxyphene hydrochloride (Darvon) and an analgesic mixture containing aspirin, phenacetin and caffeine. One week before admission a rash developed on the arms and trunk, accompanied by . . .
ABC of wound healing: Pressure ulcers
Authors: Joseph E Grey, Stuart Enoch
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A pressure ulcer is defined by the European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel as an area of localised damage to the skin and underlying tissue caused by pressure, shear, or friction, or a combination of these. Pressure ulcers are caused by a local breakdown of soft tissue as a result of compression between a bony prominence and an external surface.

They usually develop on the lower half of the body: two thirds around the pelvis and a third on the lower limbs, with heel ulceration becoming more common. Elderly people are the most likely group to have pressure ulcers; this is especially true for those older than 70, up to a third of whom will have had surgery for a hip fracture. Those with spinal injuries form another distinct group, in whom the prevalence is 20%-30% one to five years after injury.​injury.



Figure 1

Common sites of pressure ulceration in individuals at risk of ulceration



Most pressure ulcers arise in hospital, where the prevalence among inpatients is 3%-14%, although it can be as high as 70% in elderly inpatients with orthopaedic problems. The incidence of pressure ulcers in hospitals is 1%-5%. In patients who are confined to bed or to a chair for more than one week, the incidence rises to almost 8%. In long term healthcare facilities 1.5%-25% of patients develop pressure ulcers. Almost a fifth of pressure ulcers develop at home and a further fifth in nursing homes. The prevalence of pressure ulcers in nursing homes is not much higher than in hospitals. Pressure ulceration in elderly patients is associated with a fivefold increase in mortality, and in-hospital mortality in this group is 25%-33%. Estimates of the cost of pressure ulceration to the NHS range from £180m ($318m; €265m) to nearly £2bn a year.
Abstract B36: Orally active low molecular weight heparin conjugates as a tumoral lymphangiogenesis inhibitor
Authors: Jeong Uk Choi, Youngro Byun
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Heparin has been reported as not only an anticoagulant drug but also as a tumoral angiogenesis inhibitor by blocking tumor growth factors including VEGF, bFGF. Low molecular weight heparin conjugated with 4 pairs of deoxycholic acid (LHbisD4) was newly synthesized to enhance the oral absorption and efficacy. As the tumoral lymphangiogenesis is being considered to play the most important role in tumor metastasis, the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether LHbisD4 could suppress the tumoral lymphangiogenesis as well as the incidence of metastasis. To evaluate the inhibition effect of LHbisD4 on VEGF-C induced lymphangiogenesis, several in vitro experiments using human dermal lymphatic endothelial cell(HDLEC) was carried out. The inhibition effect of LHbisD4 on VEGF-C induced VEGFR-3 phosphorylation was evaluated by western blot. Proliferation assay, tubular formation assay, spheroid based sprouting assay were also done to evaluate the efficacy of LHbisD4 on suppressing lymphagiogenesis using HDLEC. For in vivo test, orthotopic breast cancer metastasis model was used and the incidence of metastasis to distant organs was evaluated. We found that VEGF-C induced phosphorylation of VEGFR3 which is the most important signaling cascade to initiate the lymphangiogenesis was highly inhibited in the presence of LHbisD4. Also through other in vitro experiment such as proliferation assay, tubular formation assay, spheroid based sprouting assay, LHbisD4 was proven to be effective enough to suppress VEGF-C induced lymphangiogenesis. In orthotopic model, 10mg/kg/day dose of LHbisD4 was administered orally and we found the incidence of metastasis is highly decreased compared with control group. Especially, weight and volume of the lymph node is highly decreased in case of drug treated group, which means the lymphatic metastasis is significantly suppressed. Through this study, we demonstrate that our novel heparin conjugate could be a good candidate for targeting VEGF-C induced lymphangiogenesis as well as an effective anti-metastatic agent. Citation Format: Jeong Uk Choi, Youngro Byun. Orally active low molecular weight heparin conjugates as a tumoral lymphangiogenesis inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B36.
532 Prospective estimation of IgG, IgG subclass and IgE antibodies to dietary proteins in infants with cow milk allergy Levels of antibodies to whole milk protein, BLG and ovalbumin in relation to repeated milk challenge and clinical course of cow milk allergy
Authors: A HOST, S HUSBY, B GJESING, J LARSEN, H LOWENSTEIN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1991)
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Andrew D Zelenetz
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2004)

An estimated 54,370 new cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) will be diagnosed in 2004, and 19,410 individuals with NHL will die this year. NHL is the sixth leading site of new cancer cases among men and women, accounting for 4% of new cancer cases. NHL is also one of the few malignancies rising in incidence. The NHLs may be classified on the basis of morphology, natural history, and immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines were developed for more common NHL histologic types and for less common entities with unique natural histories and therapies. This version of the guidelines incorporates the most significant changes to the guidelines since the initial publication.For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org
Leukemia after Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Semustine (Methyl-CCNU) — Evidence of a Dose–Response Effect
Authors: J D Boice, M H Greene, J Y Killen, S S Ellenberg, J F Fraumeni, R J Keehn, E McFadden, T T Chen, D Stablein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)
Abstract P3-11-04: Metabolic profiles in female Sprague-Dawley rats receiving either a standard (4% fat) or Western (20% fat) diet and changes in rats bearing mammary cancers
Authors: MD Thompson, CJ Grubbs, F Moeinpour, VE Steele, MS Miller, RA Lubet
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The methylnitrosourea(MNU)-induced model of ER+ mammary cancers in female Sprague-Dawley rats has been routinely used in our laboratories for screening chemopreventive agents. We recently reported that metformin was ineffective in preventing mammary cancers in this model when given to rats on a standard diet (Thompson, et al, Cancer Prev Res. 2015;8:231-9). In this study, we evaluated metformin in rats placed on either standard diet (4% fat) or a Western diet (20% fat, low calcium). As fat calories, these diets were 8% and 42%, respectively. The rats were placed on standard diet or Western diet at 43 days of age, given MNU (via the jugular vein) once at 50 days of age, and administered metformin or vehicle at 57 days of age for the remainder of the study. Serum of the rats in the various groups was obtained at 78 days of age, and at the end of the study (when mammary tumors were present). The levels of approximately 500 metabolites were compared in the serum based on data obtained by Metabolon (Research Triangle Park, NC). These studies showed that each of the four groups [(standard diet (early and late) or Western diet (early and late)] yielded four clearly distinct patterns based on an unsupervised principal component analysis. Certain of the metabolites which were differentially expressed in serum from standard vs Western diets at the early time point were alpha-10-undecanoate, 13-methylmyristic acid, 4-hydroxy-benzoate, 2-amino-heptanpate, tocopherol, and nicotinamide. Certain of these were fatty acids and lipid soluble vitamins that one would expect to be altered. Comparing serum from standard vs Western diets at the late time point confirmed many of these metabolic differences. We also compared serum from the early and late time points since the latter serums were typically from animals with a significant number of mammary cancers. We observed a number of metabolite changes including 4-hydroxy-butyrate, acetyl-carnitine, oxalate, and threonate. These cancer- related profiles will be discussed at greater lengths. Altered profiles caused by the administration of metformin and other chemopreventive agents will also be discussed. Of interest, metformin was consistently ineffective in preventing mammary cancers in rats given either standard or Western diet. Supported by NCI contract HHSN261201200021I. Citation Format: Thompson MD, Grubbs CJ, Moeinpour F, Steele VE, Miller MS, Lubet RA. Metabolic profiles in female Sprague-Dawley rats receiving either a standard (4% fat) or Western (20% fat) diet and changes in rats bearing mammary cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-04.
Risks of Testosterone Replacement
Authors: Rosemary M Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

to the editor: Rhoden and Morgentaler 1 and Snyder 2 (Jan. 29 issue) assuage the anxiety of physicians who administer testosterone to older men because the men report andropause, a collection of ill-defined maladies related to male aging. Their position in this regard is very disconcerting. More than 50 years ago, physicians began treating the “male climacteric” with testosterone. 3 Since then, no standardized definition of this condition has been developed, no metric defining a therapeutic effect has been created, no randomized controlled studies have been conducted to support the widespread use of testosterone in men for this condition, and the adverse-event profile of the drug in this population has not been studied adequately. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved testosterone for this condition. In addition, the schemes suggested by Rhoden and Morgentaler and by Snyder for managing the risk of prostate cancer, a hazard of testosterone exposure that is of great concern, are untested. The Women’s Health Initiative advanced our understanding of the risks and benefits of estrogen through randomized trials. The recent Institute of Medicine report 4 advises thoughtful, well-designed research on testosterone in aging men; this should be supported.
Alterations in Glycosyltransferase Activity in Human Colon Cancer2
Authors: J. Thomas LaMont, Kurt J. Isselbacher
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Alterations in Glycosyltransferase Activity in Human Colon Cancer Get access J. Thomas LaMont, J. Thomas LaMont Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kurt J. Isselbacher Kurt J. Isselbacher Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 54, Issue 1, January 1975, Pages 53–56, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/54.1.53 Published: 01 January 1975 Article history Received: 12 August 1974 Accepted: 07 October 1974 Published: 01 January 1975
The cost of schizophrenia
Authors: J G Gunderson, L R Mosher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The cost of schizophrenia has been estimated at $11.6 to $19.5 billion annually. About two-thirds of this cost is due to lack of productivity by schizophrenic patients and about one-fifth to treatment costs. The estimate might be considerably higher if better figures were available on the cost of maintaining patients in the community. In the absence of more effective treatment, the savings from the current trend toward shorter hospitalization cannot be expected to decrease-and may actually increase-the overall costs of schizophrenia to society. The authors make recommendations aimed at reducing the cost by helping schizophrenic patients to be more productive through a system of community alternative-care facilities, increased rehabilitation services, aftercare, and research.
Effect of non-invasive oxygenation strategies in immunocompromised patients with severe acute respiratory failure: a post-hoc analysis of a randomised trial
Authors: Jean-Pierre Frat, Stéphanie Ragot, Christophe Girault, Sébastien Perbet, Gwénael Prat, Thierry Boulain, Alexandre Demoule, Jean-Damien Ricard, Rémi Coudroy, René Robert, Alain Mercat, Laurent Brochard, Arnaud W Thille
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2016)
13. From tissue engineering to therapeutic cancer vaccines
Authors: Nicholas A. Peppas, Ruth Duncan, Gary E. Wnek, Allan S. Hoffman, Guang Hui Gao, Sung Wan Kim, Doo Sung Lee, Michael Hadjiargyrou, Elka Touitou, Denize Ainbinder, Russell Mumper, Alain Rolland, Takuro Niidome, Vinod Labhasetwar, Shi Liu, Guangyuan Zhou, Yubin Huang, Zhigang Xie, Xiabin Jing, Noemi Csaba
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Personalized mitral valve closure computation and uncertainty analysis from 3D echocardiography
Authors: Sasa Grbic, Thomas F. Easley, Tommaso Mansi, Charles H. Bloodworth, Eric L. Pierce, Ingmar Voigt, Dominik Neumann, Julian Krebs, David D. Yuh, Morten O. Jensen, Dorin Comaniciu, Ajit P. Yoganathan
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2016)
Analysis of Body Mass Index and Mortality in Patients With Colorectal Cancer Using Causal Diagrams
Authors: Candyce H. Kroenke, Romain Neugebauer, Jeffrey Meyerhardt, Carla M. Prado, Erin Weltzien, Marilyn L. Kwan, Jingjie Xiao, Bette J. Caan
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

<h3>Importance</h3> Physicians and investigators have sought to determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]) and colorectal cancer (CRC) outcomes, but methodologic limitations including sampling selection bias, reverse causality, and collider bias have prevented the ability to draw definitive conclusions. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the association of BMI at the time of, and following, colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis with mortality in a complete population using causal diagrams. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This retrospective observational study with prospectively collected data included a cohort of 3408 men and women, ages 18 to 80 years, from the Kaiser Permanente Northern California population, who were diagnosed with stage I to III CRC between 2006 and 2011 and who also had surgery. <h3>Exposures</h3> Body mass index at diagnosis and 15 months following diagnosis. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause mortality and CRC-specific mortality compared with normal-weight patients, adjusted for sociodemographics, disease severity, treatment, and prediagnosis BMI. <h3>Results</h3> This study investigated a cohort of 3408 men and women ages 18 to 80 years diagnosed with stage I to III CRC between 2006 and 2011 who also had surgery. At-diagnosis BMI was associated with all-cause mortality in a nonlinear fashion, with patients who were underweight (BMI &lt;18.5; HR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.63-4.31) and patients who were class II or III obese (BMI ≥35; HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.89-1.98) exhibiting elevated mortality risks, compared with patients who were low-normal weight (BMI 18.5 to &lt;23). In contrast, patients who were high-normal weight (BMI 23 to &lt;25; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56-1.06), low-overweight (BMI 25 to &lt;28; HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.55-1.04), and high-overweight (BMI 28 to &lt;30; HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.35-0.77) had lower mortality risks, and patients who were class I obese (BMI 30 to &lt;35) showed no difference in risk. Spline analysis confirmed a U-shaped relationship in participants with lowest mortality at a BMI of 28. Associations with CRC-specific mortality were similar. Associations of postdiagnosis BMI and mortality were also similar, but patients who were class I obese had significantly lower all-cause and cancer-specific mortality risks. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> In this study, body mass index at the time of diagnosis and following diagnosis of CRC was associated with mortality risk. Though evidence shows that exercise in patients with cancer should be encouraged, findings suggest that recommendations for weight loss in the immediate postdiagnosis period among patients with CRC who are overweight may be unwarranted.