tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14772: Aortic Valve Repair for Aortic Regurgitation or Aortic Root Pathology Induces Similar Mid-Term Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling as Valve Replacement
Authors: Madelien V Regeer, Michel I Versteegh, Robert J Klautz, Martin J Schalij, Jeroen J Bax, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Victoria Delgado
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling after aortic valve replacement for aortic root pathology and aortic valve regurgitation has been described and is associated with superior prognosis. However, it remains unknown whether successful aortic valve repair may also induce LV reverse remodeling. Objectives: The present evaluation investigated whether LV reverse remodeling occurs to the same extent in aortic valve repair compared to aortic valve replacement with stentless bio-prosthesis. Methods: Adult patients with aortic regurgitation or aortic root pathology who underwent aortic valve repair (AVr) or aortic valve replacement with Freestyle® stentless bio prosthesis (AVR-F) between 1993 and 2013 were included in the present retrospective evaluation. LV dimensions and ejection fraction were assessed preoperatively, postoperative (before hospital discharge) and during follow-up. Results: AVr was performed in 125 patients (54.5±13.5 years, 62% male, mean Euroscore II 4.7±6.4). AVR-F was perfor...
Functional Studies on Platelet Adhesion With Recombinant von Willebrand Factor Type 2B Mutants R543Q and R543W Under Conditions of Flow
Authors: Hanneke Lankhof, Conchi Damas, Marion E. Schiphorst, Martin J.W. IJsseldijk, Madelon Bracke, Jan J. Sixma, Tom Vink, Philip G. de Groot
Journal: Blood (1997)
The Role of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma
Authors: William I. Bensinger
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2004)

The treatment of multiple myeloma has dramatically improved in the past 10 years. The availability of new drugs has broadened chemotherapy options; however, complete remissions (CR) are infrequent, and cure is still rare. High-dose therapy followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplant has emerged as a promising means to increase remission rates and improve survival. Autologous transplants have not always shown survival benefits in randomized studies because the majority of patients who undergo transplant relapse, and patients given conventional therapy can receive salvage transplants at the time of relapse. CR has been found to reliably predict survival and thus the efforts to improve remission rates using autologous transplant include tandem transplants, targeted radiation, cytoprotective agents, or posttransplant immunotherapy. Only allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is potentially curative, because of an immunologic graft-versus-myeloma effect. High transplant-related mortality associated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation is currently the major limitation to wider use of this modality. Although patients who receive either allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplants for multiple myeloma have similar 3- to 5-year survivals, only allograft recipients appear to enjoy long-term disease-free survival. Promising approaches designed to improve the therapeutic index of allografts include the use of nonablative conditioning regimens, peripheral blood cells rather than bone marrow, graft engineering, and targeted conditioning therapies such as bone-seeking radioisotopes.
Cancer Induction in Mice With Acetaldehyde Methylformylhydrazone of the False Morel Mushroom&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B Toth, J W Smith, K D Patil
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone (AMFH), which occurs up to 0.3% in one of the edible false morel mushrooms, Gyromitra esculenta, was administered to noninbred Swiss mice in propylene glycol in 52 weekly intragastric instillations as 100 micrograms/g body weight. The treatment induced tumors of the lungs, preputial glands, forestomach, and clitoral glands. The tumor incidences in these four tissues in treated females were 70, 0, 16, and 12%, respectively, whereas in the treated males they were 40, 90, 0, and 0%. The corresponding tumor incidences in the solvent control females were 26, 0, 0, and 0%, whereas in the solvent control males they were 22, 0, 0, and 0%, respectively. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs; squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas, adenocarcinomas, undifferentiated carcinomas, angiosarcomas, and fibrosarcomas of the preputial glands; squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas of the forestomach; and squamous cell papillomas and carcinomas and keratoacanthomas of the clitoral glands. The study thus proves for the first time the tumorigenicity of AMFH. In view of these and earlier findings, the human population should abstain from consumption of Gyromitra esculenta.
Paucity of data on the safety of drugs for treating depression in pregnancy
Authors: Alain Braillon, Susan Bewley
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The otherwise excellent review of depression in pregnancy deserves comment regarding the “What you need to know” box.1

Who will “Offer all women education about mental health problems in pregnancy, treatment options, and the effect on themselves and their offspring”? Drug safety is a major problem because children and pregnant women are vulnerable populations. Data to ascertain the benefit:harm ratio or guide dosing are …
Clinical Significance of Symptoms in Smokers with Preserved Pulmonary Function
Authors: Prescott G. Woodruff, R. Graham Barr, Eugene Bleecker, Stephanie A. Christenson, David Couper, Jeffrey L. Curtis, Natalia A. Gouskova, Nadia N. Hansel, Eric A. Hoffman, Richard E. Kanner, Eric Kleerup, Stephen C. Lazarus, Fernando J. Martinez, Robert Paine, Stephen Rennard, Donald P. Tashkin, MeiLan K. Han
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Currently, the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) requires a ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) to forced vital capacity (FVC) of less than 0.70 as assessed by spirometry after bronchodilator use. However, many smokers who do not meet this definition have respiratory symptoms.
Disturbed B-lymphocyte selection in autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Authors: Ales Janda, Klaus Schwarz, Mirjam van der Burg, Werner Vach, Hanna Ijspeert, Myriam Ricarda Lorenz, Magdeldin Elgizouli, Kathrin Pieper, Paul Fisch, Joachim Hagel, Raquel Lorenzetti, Maximilian Seidl, Joachim Roesler, Fabian Hauck, Elisabetta Traggiai, Carsten Speckmann, Anne Rensing-Ehl, Stephan Ehl, Hermann Eibel, Marta Rizzi
Journal: Blood (2016)
PTU-184 Is there a relationship between gluten ingestion and postural tachycardia syndrome?
Authors: HA Penny, M Ferrar, J Atkinson, N Hoggard, M Hadjivassiliou, JN West, DS Sanders
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Postural tachycardia syndrome (PoTS) is a group of disorders of autonomic dysfunction, characterised by orthostatic intolerance. Patients often also complain of gastrointestinal (GI) disturbance including abdominal pain, bloating and altered bowel habit. These symptoms are also common in coeliac disease (CD) and non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, along with non-GI symptoms such as fatigue. Despite this overlap, the relationship between CD, gluten sensitivity (GS) and PoTS has not been previously evaluated. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CD in a cohort of patients with PoTS and to assess the frequency and patient characteristics of self-reported GS in this group. <h3>Method</h3> The case notes of all patients diagnosed with PoTS who presented to the syncope clinic over the period of one year were reviewed. Concurrently, 100 PoTS patients were recruited to complete a validated questionnaire which screened for GS and related symptoms. Patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) were asked to rank the severity of abdominal pain and orthostatic intolerance before and after starting GFD using a Likert scale (1 unaffected; 10 severely affected). <h3>Results</h3> 4/109 (3.7%) PoTS patients had biopsy-proven CD (3 female; median age 24 years). This was higher than the local population prevalence of CD (0.8%; OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.2–17.2, p = 0.02).<sup>1</sup>The self-reported prevalence of GS was 42% (94% female; median age 27 years), of whom 64% (27/42) were on a GFD. 29% (11/42) of GS patients had been investigated in secondary care; 4/11 had biopsy-proven CD, 1/11 had positive IgA tTG and gliadin serology with negative biopsy, 6/11 had negative serology and biopsy. 38% (16/42) of GS patients had never seen a doctor regarding their GI symptoms. Patients with GS reported an increased incidence of abdominal pain (76% vs. 48%; p = 0.007), but similar prevalence of pain fulfilling the Rome III criteria for IBS (43% vs. 33%; p = 0.15), in comparison with those without GS. Patients felt their abdominal pain improved after starting a GFD (median score 8 to 4, respectively; p = 0.0001), but no change in symptoms of orthostatic intolerance (p = 0.084). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The data suggests that CD is more common in PoTS than the general population. Recent evidence suggests an autoimmune basis for PoTS and this could be a common pathological mechanism. There is also a high incidence of self-reported GS in this group, with a large proportion not having been investigated in primary or secondary care. Further research is required to ascertain the nature of the relationship between the gluten-related disorders and PoTS. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> Sanders DS, Patel D, Stephenson TJ, <i>et al</i>. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003;15(4):407–413
THU0556 Smoking and Increased Airway Obstruction Over Time in Patients with Pulmonary Sarcoidosis
Authors: M. Walker, L. Doughty, A. Janot, H. Grewal, M. Yu, L.A. Saketkoo, M.R. Lammi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown cause potentially affecting any organ, and most commonly the lung. Previous studies demonstrate that while smoking is known to cause increased airway obstruction over time, bronchovascular bundle thickening which is a radiological pattern of irregular nodular thickening in peri-vascular and lymphatic distribution suggestive of granuloma formation along the airways. Additive effects of smoking and pulmonary sarcoidosis on increasing airway obstruction over time have not yet been investigated. A better understanding of this phenomenon could help predict outcomes for patients and possibly lead to more personalized approaches to treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study of pulmonary function tests (PFT) from 22 ever smokers and 27 never smokers with biopsy-supported pulmonary sarcoidosis of greater than one year duration. Changes over time for FEV<sub>1</sub>, FVC, FEV1/FVC, FEF 25-75, RV, TLC, and DLCO (all expressed as percent predicted) were evaluated. The number of days between each subsequent PFT and initial PFT as well as the slope of change per day was calculated for each case and then converted to show changes per year. <h3>Results</h3> There were significant baseline differences in PFTs between the two groups. There was, however, a significant difference in % predicted FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC over time, with smokers showing an overall decrease, -1.21±2.69%/year, and nonsmokers showing an increase, 2.85±6.40%/year (p=0.0079). There was also a statistically non-significant difference showing a drop in FEF 25-75 with smokers, -3.82±16.03%/year, and an increase in FEF 25-75 with nonsmokers, 8.11±25.27%/year (p=0.061). In both groups, there were similar increases in FEV<sub>1</sub> (p=0.63), FVC (p=0.30), RV (p=0.54), and TLC (p=0.77) over time. Both groups showed a decrease over time in DLCO (p=0.69). After performing a multivariate analysis that controlled for age, medications, and baseline DLCO, the FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC change between the two groups was still significantly different (p=0.035). <h3>Conclusions</h3> FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC ratio and the FEF 25-75 volume can both be used as indicators of airway obstruction, and therefore it may be concluded that smoking may lead to increases in airway obstruction over time in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis that is independent of age, medications, or baseline PFTs. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This research was funded by grant #T35HL105350 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> M. Walker: None declared, L. Doughty: None declared, A. Janot: None declared, H. Grewal: None declared, M. Yu: None declared, L. A. Saketkoo Grant/research support from: ACR/EULAR Exchange Awardee, M. Lammi: None declared
Case 36-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Kenneth W. Taylor, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 69-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hepatic enlargement.He was well until five months earlier, when he became anorectic and lost 11 kg in weight. Peripheral edema was found, and a diuretic was administered. Four months before admission, he began to have episodes of dizziness with occasional loss of consciousness. Examination showed an enlarged, nodular liver, with ascites.The patient had had osteoarthritis of the right hip for several years. He denied a history of hepatitis, alcohol abuse or previous gastrointestinal symptoms.The temperature was 36.8°C, the pulse 90, and the respirations 18. . . .
P0260 : Liver kinase B1 as an oncogenic driver in liver cancer
Authors: J.L García-Rodríguez, I. Zubiete-Franco, D. Fernández-Ramos, P. Fernández-Tussy, L. Barbier-Torres, F. Lopitz-Otsoa, V. Gutiérrez-de Juan, C. Martín-Plágaro, P. Aspichueta, L. Boix, J. Bruix, D.F. Calvisi, M. Varela-Rey, M.F. Fraga, N. Beraza, S.C. Lu, J.M. Mato, T.C. Delgado, M.L Martínez-Chantar
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Hematopoietic deletion of transferrin receptor 2 in mice leads to a block in erythroid differentiation during iron‐deficient anemia
Authors: Gautam Rishi, Eriza S. Secondes, Daniel F. Wallace, V. Nathan Subramaniam
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Iron metabolism and erythropoiesis are inherently interlinked physiological processes. Regulation of iron metabolism is mediated by the iron-regulatory hormone hepcidin. Hepcidin limits the amount of iron released into the blood by binding to and causing the internalization of the iron exporter, ferroportin. A number of molecules and physiological stimuli, including erythropoiesis, are known to regulate hepcidin. An increase in erythropoietic demand decreases hepcidin, resulting in increased bioavailable iron in the blood. Transferrin receptor 2 (TFR2) is involved in the systemic regulation of iron metabolism. Patients and mice with mutations in TFR2 develop hemochromatosis due to inappropriate hepcidin levels relative to body iron. Recent studies from our laboratory and others have suggested an additional role for TFR2 in response to iron-restricted erythropoiesis. These studies used mouse models with perturbed systemic iron metabolism: anemic mice lacking matriptase-2 and Tfr2, or bone marrow transplants from iron-loaded Tfr2 null mice. We developed a novel transgenic mouse model which lacks Tfr2 in the hematopoietic compartment, enabling the delineation of the role of Tfr2 in erythroid development without interfering with its role in systemic iron metabolism. We show that in the absence of hematopoietic Tfr2 immature polychromatic erythroblasts accumulate with a concordant reduction in the percentage of mature erythroid cells in the spleen and bone marrow of anemic mice. These results demonstrate that erythroid Tfr2 is essential for an appropriate erythropoietic response in iron-deficient anemia. These findings may be of relevance in clinical situations in which an immediate and efficient erythropoietic response is required. Am. J. Hematol. 91:812-818, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epigenetic Regulation of Virulence Gene Expression in Parasitic Protozoa
Authors: Manoj T. Duraisingh, David Horn
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2016)

Protozoan parasites colonize numerous metazoan hosts and insect vectors through their life cycles, with the need to respond quickly and reversibly while encountering diverse and often hostile ecological niches. To succeed, parasites must also persist within individuals until transmission between hosts is achieved. Several parasitic protozoa cause a huge burden of disease in humans and livestock, and here we focus on the parasites that cause malaria and African trypanosomiasis. Efforts to understand how these pathogens adapt to survive in varied host environments, cause disease, and transmit between hosts have revealed a wealth of epigenetic phenomena. Epigenetic switching mechanisms appear to be ideally suited for the regulation of clonal antigenic variation underlying successful parasitism. We review the molecular players and complex mechanistic layers that mediate the epigenetic regulation of virulence gene expression. Understanding epigenetic processes will aid the development of antiparasitic therapeutics.
How Common Is Parallel Intron Gain? Rapid Evolution Versus Independent Creation in Recently Created Introns in<i>Daphnia</i>
Authors: Scott William Roy
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

The evolutionary history of the spliceosomal introns that interrupt nuclear genes in eukaryotes has been debated for four decades. Positions of introns show a high degree of coincidence between various eukaryotes, implying either than many modern introns are very old and/or that intron creation is highly biased toward certain sites, leading to rampant parallel intron gain. A series of articles in this and other journals reported evidence for a strikingly high degree of parallel insertion of introns in different alleles of the water flea Daphnia pulex Here, I report several new analyses of these data. Among the 23 loci reported to be undergoing parallel intron gain, I find that in five cases introns reported to be unrelated show extended sequence similarity strongly suggesting that the introns are in fact homologous. Five additional cases show extended conserved motifs between allegedly unrelated introns. For nearly all loci including the 13 remaining loci, at least one intron shows hallmarks of rapid sequence evolution, thwarting confident inference about homology. In addition, I reanalyze gene trees reconstructed from flanking exonic sequences, claimed by the original authors as additional evidence for parallel gain. I show that these phylogenetic trees frequently fail to recover expected relationships, and in any case show relationships not consistent with parallel intron gains. In total, I conclude that the data do not support widespread parallel intron gain in D. pulex These findings strengthen the notion that shared intron positions generally reflect ancestral introns, and thus the notion of complex genes in early eukaryotes.
Brief Communication: In Vitro Effects of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, 171β-Estradiol, or Testosterone Propionate on Cloudman S91 Mouse Melanoma Cells2
Authors: Jewel Plummer Cobb, Anne McGrath
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Brief Communication: In Vitro Effects of Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, 171β-Estradiol, or Testosterone Propionate on Cloudman S91 Mouse Melanoma Cells Get access Jewel Plummer Cobb, Ph.D, Jewel Plummer Cobb, Ph.D Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anne McGrath, B.A Anne McGrath, B.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 2, February 1974, Pages 567–570, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.2.567 Published: 01 February 1974 Article history Received: 24 May 1973 Accepted: 27 September 1973 Published: 01 February 1974
An outcome study of psychotherapy for patients with borderline personality disorder
Authors: J Stevenson, R Meares
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

This study evaluated the effectiveness of well-defined outpatient psychotherapy for patients with borderline personality disorder.Thirty patients with borderline personality disorder diagnosed according to the DSM-III criteria were given twice weekly outpatient psychotherapy for 12 months by trainee therapists who were closely supervised. The treatment approach was based on a psychology of self (this term being used in its broad sense), and strong efforts were made to ensure that all therapists adhered to the treatment model. Outcome measures included frequency of use of drugs (both prescribed and illegal), number of visits to medical professionals, number of episodes of violence and self-harm, time away from work, number of hospital admissions, time spent as an inpatient, score on a self-report index of symptoms, and number of DSM-III criteria (weighted for frequency, severity, and duration) fulfilled.The subjects showed statistically significant improvement from the initial assessment to the end of the year of follow-up on every measure. Moreover, 30% of the subjects no longer fulfilled the DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorder. This improvement had persisted 1 year after the cessation of therapy.The results suggest that a specific form of psychotherapy is of benefit for patients with borderline personality disorder.
The Survival Of The Elderly Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Do Not Depend On The Intensity Of Induction Chemotherapy. Retrospective Study Results
Authors: Sebastian Grosicki, Ewa Bodzenta, Marek Kriegler, Ilona Szypula, Marcin Fejklowicz, Maja Twardosz, Teresa Kurzawa, Agnieszka Barchnicka, Aleksandra Melisz
Journal: Blood (2013)
Health Care Segregation, Physician Recommendation, and Racial Disparities in<i>BRCA1/2</i>Testing Among Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Anne Marie McCarthy, Mirar Bristol, Susan M. Domchek, Peter W. Groeneveld, Younji Kim, U. Nkiru Motanya, Judy A. Shea, Katrina Armstrong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Racial disparities in BRCA1/2 testing have been documented, but causes of these disparities are poorly understood. The study objective was to investigate whether the distribution of black and white patients across cancer providers contributes to disparities in BRCA1/2 testing.