tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1110 Patient Preference for a Shorter Infusion Time of Rituximab in RA
Authors: B. Hauber, K. Raimundo, S. Zlotnick, C. Poulos, D. Borie, A. Turpcu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been recently approved by the EMA to be administered over a shorter time (from 3.25 hours to 2 hours) after the first infusion. The label update was based on the safety study of a faster infusion of rituximab that found that rituximab was well tolerated when administered over a 2-hour period for the 2nd and subsequent infusions<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To quantify patients9 preference for receiving rituximab over a 2-hour infusion vs a 3.25-hour infusion. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a discrete-choice experiment with 901 patients with moderate to severe RA. Patients were presented with a series of treatment-choice questions<sup>2</sup>. Each hypothetical treatment included the following attributes: mode of administration, treatment duration, treatment frequency, risk of adverse events (mild or severe) and response rate. Mixed-logit methods were used to estimate the relative importance of each attribute. Results were used to calculate the predicted probability of choosing rituximab with different infusion times (RA drug, administered as an infusion, requiring 2 infusions 2 weeks apart every 24 weeks) from among 8 possible RA treatment options. Indifference curves were generated to compare patient preference between duration and frequency of rituximab treatment. <h3>Results</h3> When infusion time was 3.25 hours, the predicted choice probability for rituximab was 14.1% (95% CI, 11.4% to 16.8%). When infusion time was 2 hours, the predicted choice probability was 17.9% (95% CI, 15.6% to 20.2%). Indifference curves are shown in the figure. Reducing duration from 3.25 hours to 2 hours has a larger effect on patient9s preference than reducing the frequency of a 3.25-hour infusion from quarterly to twice per year. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In a discrete-choice model, rituximab had a higher predicted choice probability when administered over a shorter period of time. Patients9 preference for a shorter administration time was higher than their preference for less frequent administrations. A shorter infusion time has the potential to improve patient satisfaction with treatment administration. <h3>References</h3> Pritchard CH, et al. Safety of infusing rituximab at a more rapid rate in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from the RATE-RA study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2014;15:177. Poulos C, et al. Patients9 willingness to trade off between the duration and frequency of rheumatoid arthritis treatments. Arthritis Care Res. 2014;66:1008-1015. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> B. Hauber Employee of: RTI Health Solutions, K. Raimundo Employee of: Genentech, S. Zlotnick Employee of: Genentech, C. Poulos Employee of: RTI Health Solutions, D. Borie Employee of: Genentech, A. Turpcu Employee of: Genentech
A cluster of rubella in Malta, December 2007 - January 2008
Authors: G Spiteri, A-M Fenech Magrin, M Muscat
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

A cluster of rubella has been identified by the Infectious Disease Prevention and Control Unit (IDCU) of Malta in the beginning of January 2008. Two men and a woman aged between 23 and 28 years were affected. The index case had onset of illness on 23 December 2007. The second case had onset of rash on 3 January and the third case displayed symptoms on 6 January 2008. Two of the three cases were laboratory-confirmed (IgM positive), the third displayed typical symptoms and was a close contact of a laboratory-confirmed case but was IgM and IgG negative. None of the affected patients had received vaccination against rubella and there was no history of recent travel abroad. All three cases were linked through a work place. Blood samples were submitted to the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Reference Laboratory for Measles and Rubella, Luxembourg, for further investigations. None of the cases had any complications. To date no further cases have been identified.
Evaluation of the Carcinogenicity of a Series of Esters of Carbamic Acid&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C. D. Larsen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1947)

Evaluation of the Carcinogenicity of a Series of Esters of Carbamic Acid Get access C. D. Larsen C. D. Larsen National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 8, Issue 3, December 1947, Pages 99–101, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/8.3.99 Published: 01 December 1947 Article history Received: 24 November 1947 Published: 01 December 1947
Effects of doxepin on withdrawal symptoms in smoking cessation
Authors: J K Murphy, N B Edwards, A D Downs, B J Ackerman, T L Rosenthal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

In a double-blind study, 15 cigarette smokers self-monitored 10 withdrawal symptoms. For the first 21 days (baseline), subjects received doxepin hydrochloride, up to 150 mg/day, or inert medication while continuing to smoke. On day 22, they were instructed to stop smoking; medication was continued. Withdrawal symptoms on the first 28 days of treatment (baseline and 7 days of attempted cessation) were analyzed. During cessation, subjects taking doxepin reported significantly less craving for cigarettes. Results from this study and others suggest that antidepressants may attenuate the severity of symptoms during withdrawal from addictive substances.
PWE-045 Management of anaemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: are we following the guidelines?
Authors: HME Ahmed, EMO E Gadour, A O'Connor, CP Selinger
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anaemia is a common finding in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) has published a comprehensive set of guidelines for approaching this problem in patients with IBD in 2010. The aim of this audit was to evaluate current practice in screening and managing anaemia in IBD patients compared to BSG guidelines standards. <h3>Method</h3> IBD patients attending clinic and telephone clinics during a 2 week period in July and August 2014 at St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds were assessed retrospectively. Data collection included any haematological tests performed during the preceding year, investigations and therapy for anaemia. <h3>Results</h3> Monitoring for anaemia during the preceding year occurred in 119 of 122 (98%) eligible patients. 3 patients didn’t have haemoglobin checked annually (one of them due to non-compliance). Of the included 119 patients 56% were female with a median age of 41 years (range 18–80). 49% had a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease and 51% of ulcerative colitis. Anaemia was detected in 33 (24 females, 9 males, 17 Crohns disease, 16 ulcerative colitis) patients (28%). 6 females with anaemia were above the age of 50 and likely post menopausal. Anaemia was significantly more common in female patients (p = 0.038). 15 patients had microcytic hypochromic anaemia, but only 8 patients (53%) had appropriate Iron studies (Ferritin + CRP, followed by Iron + Transferrin saturation + TIBC if indicated) performed as per guidelines. Iron therapy was commenced orally in 4 cases and intravenously in 2 cases. 3 patients (37.5%) with confirmed Iron deficiency Anaemia (IDA) did not receive iron therapy. 5 patients had macrocytic anaemia. In 80% of these Vitamin B12 and folate were checked as per guidelines. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Anaemia occurs in a third of IBD patients. While monitoring for anaemia was achieved in 98% overall compliance with guidelines was suboptimal. Especially investigations and treatment for iron deficiency anaemia requires further improvement. An emphasis on managing anaemia in IBD patients should be encouraged and appropriate educational measures implemented. Local guidelines for managing anaemia in IBD with a checklist style proforma to be added to patients’ notes may improve adherence to recommendations. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults Mowat C, Cole A, Windsor A, <i>et al</i>. Gut. 2011
PTH-242 Symptom association in small bowel bacterial overgrowth and caecal mal-fermentation in a clinical population
Authors: A Vales, A Rasijeff, S Leach, A Hobson
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Small bowel bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition defined as excessive bacterial load in the upper gut. SIBO can contribute to dyspeptic symptoms and altered bowel habit. The inappropriate fermentation of ingested nutrients in the upper gut produces gas (hydrogen and methane) and short chain fatty acids (SCFA’s), which can affect motility and sensation. Additionally colonic mal-fermentation is also thought to play a role in lower abdominal symptoms. This study attempted to assess symptom correlation to these disorders. <h3>Method</h3> Lactulose hydrogen-methane breath testing was used to detect SIBO. Peak hydrogen and methane production was retrospectively evaluated in 463 patients following ingestion of 25 ml (16.5 g) lactulose with water. Breath samples were taken every 15 min for up to two hours and symptoms of bloating (BL), abdominal pain (AP) and nausea (NA) were tracked throughout. Assuming normal oro-caecal time, a rise in breath hydrogen/methane &gt;10 ppm from baseline in the first 60 min of testing was defined positive for SIBO. A peak &gt;60ppm from baseline between 60–120 min was defined as excessive caecal fermentation. Patients with a history of bowel surgery or previous treatment for SIBO were excluded from the analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Data was available for 409/463 patients (162 Male, mean age 41, range 16–84). 288 (70.4%) had SIBO. At baseline, patients described symptoms of BL (323/409; 79.0%), AP (190/409; 46.5%), and NA (81/409; 19.8%). 228/323 (70.6%) with BL, 145/190 (76.3%) with AP and 66/81 (81.5%) with NA subsequently tested for SIBO. The prevalence of SIBO was similar in patients with diarrhoea (79/106; 74%) versus those with constipation (56/81; 69.1%; p &gt; 0.05). 66/409 individuals (16.1%) had baseline methane levels &gt;10 ppm. The likelihood of those with diarrhoea or constipation being methane producers was 8/106 (7.5%) and 25/81 (30.9%). 45/288 (15.6%) of individuals with SIBO were methane producers. Caecal mal-fermentation, in the presence of reproduced symptoms, was observed in 48.4% of individuals with a diagnosis of SIBO and 9% of individuals without a diagnosis of SIBO. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Although bloating was the most common symptom and nausea the least, nausea was more sensitive at indicating the presence of SIBO. Bowel habit did not appear to be useful at predicting SIBO. As expected, methane producers were more likely to have constipation with a significant percentage having concomitant SIBO. HMBT should be seen as a provocation test for patients with upper and lower bowel symptoms. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 16: Cardiosphere Derived Cells from Pediatric End-Stage Heart Failure Patients Have Enhanced Functional Activity Due to the Heat Shock Response
Authors: Sudhish Sharma, Rachana MIshra, David Simpson, Ling Chen, Evan Colletti, Savitha Deshmukh, Sunjay Kaushal
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: The potential of novel cell based therapies using cardiosphere derived cells (CDCs) to replace or repair damaged cardiac tissue is an attractive therapy and Phase I clinical trials in adults report encouraging results. We have previously demonstrated that age plays an important role in controlling the functional activity of CDCs and now we will determine how the heart’s physiology may change the functional activity of pediatric end-stage heart failure (ESHF) derived CDCs when compared to age-match control derived CDCs. Methods and Results: Our results shows that ESFH derived CDCs have significantly increased numbers of CSCs, including c-kit+, ISL-1+ and Sca-1+ cells. They are functionally more potent in an infarcted rodent model as compared to hCDCs derived from congenital heart disease (CHD) age-matched controls which have normal myocardium. The functional recovery was mediated in part by increased secretion of cytokines, SDF-1α and VEGF-A, which stimulated more angiogenesis, recruitment of endogenous stem cells, and proliferation of cardiomyocytes. The possible mechanism for this increased cytokine secretion was due to the activation of heat shock response (HSR), supported by three lines of evidence. First, gain of function studies demonstrated that the HSR induced the low functioning CHD-derived CDCs to significantly recover the injured myocardium, even more than the ESHF-derived CDCs by increasing cytokine secretion. Secondly, loss-of function studies targeting the HSR down regulating the ability of the ESHF-derived CDCs to secrete cytokines and thus functionally recover the injured myocardium. Finally, the HSR alone increased the number of the endogenous cardiac stem cell population and recovered the injured myocardium. We will present the results showing that activation of HSR expands cardiac stem cells (CSCs) without losing their phenotypic characteristics. Conclusion: Collectively, the present work demonstrates a novel biological activity of the HSR in its ability to increase the number of functional CSCs while maintaining the ‘stemness’ of these cells that have direct implications for future clinical trials.
AB0957 Distension Arthrography in the Treatment of Adhesive Capsulitis of the Shoulder
Authors: M. Jguirim, A. Mhenni, W. Mnari, M. Golli, L. Mani, M. Younes, S. Zrour, I. Béjia, M. Touzi, N. Bergaoui
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Primary AC is characterized by spontaneous onset of shoulder pain accompanied by progressive loss of both active and passive range of motion. More than 2% of the general population is known to have the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging may show characteristic findings. Non surgical treatments include analgesics, oral prednisone, and intra-articular corticosteroid injections. Home exercise regimens and physical therapy are often prescribed. Surgical treatments include manipulation of the joint under anesthesia and capsular release. <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the technical approach of distension arthrography of the glenohumeral joint in the treatment of 50 adults with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder. <h3>Methods</h3> Between 2011 and 2013, we have explored and treated with capsular distension 50 patients with primary AC in only one shoulder. We excluded patients with rotator cuff tear of rheumatic disease and those who had received a steroid injection or undergone previous shoulder surgery in the affected shoulder. <h3>Results</h3> Under fluoroscopic guidance with intra-articular contrast injection, the diagnosis of AC was confirmed in all cases. Capsular distension was obtained by intra-articular injection of a 25-ml mixture of 1% lidocaine, corticosteroid (Altim<sup>*</sup>), and saline solution. The rupture was confirmed by the leakage of contrast outside the capsule. The success rate of the procedure was 80%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Arthrography distension oh the constricted capsule appears to be excellent therapeutic intervention to achieve rapid symptomatic relief from AC. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Cot
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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European survey of BCG vaccination policies and surveillance in children, 2005
Authors: A Infuso, D Falzon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

In 2005, all 25 EU countries, as well as Andorra, Bulgaria, Norway, Romania and Switzerland, participated in a survey on BCG vaccination in children. BCG was recommended nationally for children under 12 months in 12 countries, in older children in five countries and in children at risk (from origin, contact or travel) in 10 countries. Seven countries did not use BCG systematically. Revaccination was practised in four countries. In countries with universal vaccination, BCG coverage was high (83.0% to 99.8%). TB cases commonly occurred in vaccinated children (at least 30%-98% in five countries using universal or high-risk approach). Disseminated infection due to BCG was rarely reported in recent years (0-1/100 000 vaccinated). There is a wide variation among BCG recommendations in Europe, and nearly half the countries surveyed were considering revisions, at a time when the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) is advocating for harmonised vaccine strategies. Data on monitoring of BCG coverage in target groups is important but often lacking in Europe. Information on BCG status and eligibility should be collected routinely through TB case notification. The incidence of severe adverse effects of BCG in children should be monitored. Given lack of evidence to its efficacy, revaccination should be discontinued.
SP0115 Dynamics of Lymph Node Stromal Cells
Authors: M. Bajenoff
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

In 1984, Nossal wrote “A readership consisting of primarily anatomists has every right to question the favorite sport of research workers in cell immunology. This is to take a lymphoid tissue and totally destroy its beautiful and elaborately designed architecture to obtain simple cell suspension of lymphocytes, which are then asked to do more or less all the jobs of the original anatomic masterpiece”. Growing evidence that lymph node (LN) stromal cells control the motility, activation and survival of lymphocytes has reinforced this view. These architectural cells assemble in 3D networks that regulate LN homeostasis and control its ability to remodel during inflammation. Understanding stromal cell biology is thus mandatory to our full comprehension of the immune system but this ambitious objective is technically challenging. As the complexity of the LN cannot be modelled in culture, knowledge gained from in vitro studies will not address many relevant questions related to the biology of LN stromal cells, in particular (i) the elucidation of their origin and the precursor/product relationships that link them, (ii) the determination of their behavior in inflamed LNs and (iii) their subsequent fate in LNs that have returned to homeostasis. To this aim, we have developed several original, cutting-edge multicolor fluorescent reporter mouse models and computational modeling approaches to map the fate of single stromal cells and their progeny in situ. Using this innovative approach, my group investigates the spatio-temporal behavior and molecular cues that orchestrate the development and dynamics of the major LN stromal cell populations at steady state and under inflammatory conditions, at the single cell level. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTH-017 Safety of self-expandable metal stents for malignant biliary strictures in a district general hospital setting
Authors: R Saleem, M Vithayathil, J Iqbal, ZA Sher, W Melia, R Ede
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) are widely used as first line palliative therapy for unresectable malignant biliary strictures. We present our experience of use of self-expandable metal stents in malignant biliary strictures in a District General Hospital (DGH) setting. <h3>Method</h3> We conducted a retrospective review on the data of all patients who had undergone an ERCP with a placement of self-expandable metal stent for inoperable malignant biliary strictures between Jan 2009 and Aug 2014. Comprehensive information was gathered with regards to patient’s demographics, procedural indications and procedure success rates. We assessed the stents efficacy, stent patency rates, complications and patient survival rates <h3>Results</h3> 50 patients were identified and analysed during this period. 60% were females and the mean age was 72 years (range, 35–93 years). The most common underlying diagnoses were Pancreatic carcinoma (60%) and Cholangiocarcinoma (32%) followed by Ampullary Carcinoma (6%) and Lymphoma (2%). Indications for metal stent placement included malignant bile duct stricture (54%), blockage of old stents (42%) and stent migration (4%). 23/50 (42%) patients had previous stent placement (Plastic 18, Metal 5). Of these, 21 stents failed due to blockage either due to biliary sludge or tumour overgrowth while 2 stents had migrated out (both plastic stents). The mean duration of previous stent patency was; plastic 96 days (7–523 days) and metal 237 days (39–595 days). The types of metal stents used were; Fully Covered (28%), Partially Covered (32%) and Uncovered (40%). The mean duration of all metal stents patency was 122 days (range, 7 – 566 days) and there was no statistical difference in terms of duration of stent patency among fully covered, partially covered and uncovered stents. Overall complication rate was 18%, which included Cholangitis (2%) and Stent Blockage (8/50, 16%) mainly due to biliary sludge (6/8). Of these blocked stents 5 were Fully covered, 3 Partial covered, 1 was Uncovered. There were no cases of post ERCP pancreatitis or migration of metal stent. There were no reported cases of procedure related mortality. The mean survival period after metal stent insertion was 161 days (range 9 to 566). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Self-expandable metal stents offers safe and effective palliative therapy for inoperable malignant biliary strictures and can be safely performed in a district general hospital with low complication rates. High blockage rate of fully covered stents is in our series is unexpected and the reasons for this were not obvious but this would be the subject of further analysis and study. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.