tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1780: The <i>MAD1 1673 GA</i> polymorphism alters the function of the mitotic splindle assembly checkpoint and is asociated with a worse response to induction chemotherapy and sensitivity to treatment in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Miguel Santibañez, Dolores Gallardo, Flavia Morales, Alejandro Lopez, Diddier Prada, Julia Mendoza, Clementina Castro, David Cantu de Leon, Luis F. Oñate, Delia Perez, Alejandro Mohar, Luis A. Herrera
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: MAD1, a protein of the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), recognizes MAD2 through two leucine zippers, transporting and activating MAD2, which promotes a metaphase arrest signal. A SNP of Mad1 was found to affect the SAC function that could be involved in a bad response to therapeutic agents that alter the dynamics of microtubules. Objective: To investigate the relationship of the polymorphism Mad1 1673 GA (rs1801368) with the efficiency of the SAC and the generation of aneuploidies, and with the therapeutic response of patients with ovarian cancer. Methods: The polymorphism was evaluated in 144 healthy individuals and 91 patients. The mitotic arrest and the presence of errors in segregation were analyzed in cultured human lymphocytes treated with nocodazol and paclitaxel. Errors in segregation were also evaluated in 27 biopsies of patients. Results: Allele frequencies in healthy individuals were G: 50, A: 50, while in the patients, they were G: 38%, A: 62% (p&amp;lt;0.05). The percentage of cells with mitotic arrest was higher in GG cells (p&amp;lt;0.05). The frequency of micronuclei and nondisjunction events increased in AA cells (p&amp;lt;0.05). Tumors from polymorphic patients had a higher percentage of aneuploid cells (p&amp;lt;0.05). The GG patients showed a higher biochemical response, optimal cytoreduction and sensitivity to the treatment. There were no differences in progression-free or overall survival between both groups. Conclusions: the polymorphism Mad1 1673 GA affects the SAC functionality, increasing the frequency of aneuploid cells. This polymorphism modifies the response to agents that alter the dynamics of microtubules in patients with ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Miguel Santibañez, Dolores Gallardo, Flavia Morales, Alejandro Lopez, Diddier Prada, Julia Mendoza, Clementina Castro, David Cantu de Leon, Luis F. Oñate, Delia Perez, Alejandro Mohar, Luis A. Herrera. The MAD1 1673 GA polymorphism alters the function of the mitotic splindle assembly checkpoint and is asociated with a worse response to induction chemotherapy and sensitivity to treatment in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1780. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1780
Couples at risk from exposure to Zika virus should consider delaying pregnancy, says CDC
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Men and women who have had possible exposure to the Zika virus—either from recent travel to an area where the virus is actively circulating or through sexual contact—should wait for at least eight weeks after their possible exposure before trying to get pregnant, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has said in updated guidance released on 25 March.1

Of those who had had Zika diagnosed or who had symptoms of the infection—such as fever, rash, joint pain, or conjunctivitis—the updated guidance recommended that women waited for at least eight weeks after their symptoms first appeared before trying to get pregnant and that men waited for at least …
Inverted Colonic Diverticulum
Authors: G Triadafilopoulos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Figure 1. A 42-year-old man with a history of mild, intermittent pain on the lower left side of the abdomen presented with an episode of painless hematochezia. The physical examination was normal, and his hematocrit was 44 percent. Diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon (Panel A) was revealed during flexible sigmoidoscopy for evaluation of the bleeding. There were multiple diverticula and a 1-cm sessile polypoid lesion (Panel B) that was the same color as the surrounding mucosa. The polyp vanished with the application of gentle pressure from the tip of a closed pair of biopsy forceps, confirming that the lesion was . . .
SECCIÓN MEDIANTE DIATERMIA DE PRÓTESIS BILIARES PLÁSTICAS: UNA SENCILLA MANIOBRA QUE FACILITA LA CPRE EN CASOS SELECCIONADOS
Authors: A Vargas García, I Peñas, N Alemán, P Díez Redondo, H Núñez, P Gil Simón, C De La Serna Higuera, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: No se han descrito técnicas para la sección endoscópica de prótesis biliares plásticas. Se desconoce si esa intervención tiene alguna utilidad. Objetivos: Describir una técnica de sección endoscópica de prótesis biliares plásticas y analizar su uso en la CPRE. Material y Método: Durante 30 meses se recogieron variables clínico-endoscópicas de CPREs consecutivas con sección de prótesis plásticas. Se anuló la limitación de potencia automática de la fuente de diatermia, se aspiró la mucosa, y se seccionaron prótesis biliares plásticas con asa de polipectomía. Resultados: Se seccionaron prótesis plásticas en 14 CPRE de 13 pacientes (8 varones; edad = 65[39 – 93] años). Se seccionaron 3 prótesis transmurales (2 hepaticogastrostomías pig-tail, hepaticoduodeonostomía con prótesis recta) para facilitar la canulación y recambio en pacientes con obstrucción biliar neoplásica. En los restantes 11 se seccionaron prótesis rectas en pacientes con estenosis (7 benignas/5 neoplásicas) hiliares e inserción por CPRE de prótesis transpapilares múltiples (media/rango = 1.8/1 – 4 prótesis/paciente) para prevenir el decúbito duodenal por excesiva longitud de la prótesis. Sólo en un caso se encontró dificultad en la sección, con disminución del calibre de la prótesis por derretirse el plástico. Hubo sangrado de la mucosa duodenal en otro caso, sin repercusión analítica. Los intercambios sobre guía de prótesis transmurales se realizaron con éxito y no se registraron decúbitos ni disfunciones precoces en las 11 prótesis transpapilares seccionadas. Conclusiones: La sección de prótesis biliares plásticas con asa de polipectomía mediante diatermia es sencilla y segura. Puede ser útil para prevenir decúbitos duodenales en casos de prótesis transhiliares múltiples.
PWE-165 A Real World Study To Describe The Patient Pathways And Nhs Resource Use Associated With The Management Of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (ibs) In Uk Clinical Practice
Authors: I Caldwell, J Collins, M Rance, R Dew
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is often a diagnosis of exclusion, with poor diagnosis coding in primary care. This makes identification of eligible research participants challenging. We present the methodology development of a multi-centre, observational, retrospective research study ongoing in primary care, designed to overcome the challenges of IBS patient identification. <h3>Methods</h3> Study feasibility was conducted by pH Associates (research consultancy; study coordinators) for Almirall UK Ltd (Sponsor) using medical opinion, clinical coding searches and NIHR Clinical Research Network expertise. FARSITE, a software tool for identification of research participants in primary care developed by the Greater Manchester Comprehensive Local Research Network and North West e-Health, was used to screen anonymised primary care records for potential eligible patients. Search criteria: patients aged 18–60; combination READ code symptoms indicative of IBS and prescription of IBS drugs 01/01/2009–31/12/2011. GP practices with eligible patients were invited to participate, with GPs reviewing clinical records of the FARSITE-generated list of patients to apply full eligibility criteria for final patient selection. Inclusion criteria: medical diagnosis of IBS or meeting ROME III criteria; provision of consent. Exclusion Criteria: diagnosis excluding IBS; IBS symptoms secondary to other condition; IBS medications for non-GI symptoms. The study is ongoing in 8 GP practices in Salford and Greater Manchester (Ethical approval 13/LO/0692). <h3>Results</h3> FARSITE feasibility search using READ code for IBS identified 50 (0.02%) patients. Combining READ codes with symptom and prescriptions criteria selected 4714 (1.9%) From these, 3 GP practices each screened 10 random patient records for eligibility and 12/30 (40%) were found eligible. Eligibility READ codes were revised following feasibility. Following study approvals, FARSITE identified 1089 potential eligible patients at the 8 participating practices, of which 297 (27.3%) were eligible and approached for consent for participation. Main reasons for non-eligibility were symptom characteristics not meeting ROME III criteria or not confirmed as IBS by medical opinion. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Identification of patients with IBS using READ code is sub-optimal in primary care. A combination search of READ codes with symptom and prescription data via FARSITE has enabled potential participants to be identified with a reasonable screening failure rate. FARSITE is a valuable research tool aiding study feasibility by reducing the need for manual patient identification. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> I. Caldwell: None Declared, J. Collins: None Declared, M. Rance Employee of: Almirall UK Limited, R. Dew Conflict with: Commissioned by Almirall UK to provide research design, conduct analysis and scientific editorial services.
Bilateral Hilar and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Richard Kavanagh, Diarmuid Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A 41-year-old man presented to the ER with a 9-month history of cough, exertional dyspnea, nocturnal diaphoresis, and weight loss. The physical examination revealed painless, massive cervical and supraclavicular lymphadenopathy.
AI-07 * GLIOBLASTOMA SUBTYPES DO NOT EXPLOIT DIFFERENTIAL ANGIOGENIC SIGNALING PATHWAYS NOR ARE THE VESSELS FUNCTIONALLY DIFFERENT
Authors: S. Conroy, M. Wagemakers, F. Kruyt, A. Walenkamp
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma is the most aggressive type of primary brain tumor in adults with dismal survival and for which novel therapeutic regimens are warranted. Over the last decade molecular subtypes of glioblastoma related to clinical outcome and response to therapy have been described. Of these subtypes, especially the mesenchymal type has been ascribed high angiogenic activity. The feasibility and efficacy of therapy targeted at the vascular compartment is now studied widely, but in clinical trials evaluating anti-angiogenic therapy molecular subtype analyses were not included. In this study we analyzed the acitivation of angiogenic signaling pathways and the vascular status of molecular subtypes of glioblastoma. Tissue samples of primary glioblastomas of proneural, classical and mesenchymal subtypes, 10 samples per subclasses, were utilized for all experiments. The activation of angiogenic signaling pathways, including the VEGF pathway, the Angiopoietin/TIE-2 pathway, and DLL4-Notch signaling, was determined through quantitative PCR analyses by assessing targets from these pathways. These analyses revealed that no specific pathway activation confined to one of the subtypes could be observed and none of the addressed targets was expressed differentially between the subtypes. Morphometric analyses were performed to determine the vascular status of the molecular subtypes. These analyses were confined to the vital tissue, which was itself subdivided into hypoxic and normoxic regions. Mesenchymal tumors, in comparison to proneural tumors, had a relatively larger hypoxic area and the vessels were larger as was determined by volumetric measurements and Chalkley grid overlays. The number and maturation of vessels, assessed by manual counting, α-smooth muscle actin and Collagen IV staining, was found not to vary between the subtypes. This study provides evidence that mesenchymal tumors have larger vessels, but targets suitable for subtype-specific anti-angiogenic treatment were not discovered.
AB0913 Lower objective physical activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis compared to healthy controls is independent of disease activity
Authors: T. Swinnen, T. Scheers, J. Lefevre, W. Dankaerts, R. Westhovens, K. de Vlam
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Traditionally, measures of physical function assess the capacity to execute daily activities in patients with axial SpondyloArthritis (aSpA)<sup>1</sup>. How many activities that result in energy expenditure patients perform in their real-life environment (i.e. movement-related participation) is not known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare physical activity between patients with aSpA and healthy controls. To evaluate the contribution of disease activity to physical activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Physical activity was compared between 40 patients with aSpA and 40 healthy, age and sex matched controls during five consecutive days (three weekdays and two weekend days) using the SenseWear Armband. Disease activity was measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). Differences in physical activity between patients with aSpA and healthy controls were examined with Wilcoxon signed- rank tests and a mixed linear model. To appreciate interaction effects, differences scores between patients and healthy controls were correlated with disease activity. <h3>Results</h3> Average weekly physical activity level (MET, p&lt;0.05) and energy expenditure (MET.hours/day, p&lt;0.05) were significantly lower in patients with aSpA. Weekly averages of vigorous and very vigorous physical activities were significantly lower in patients with aSpA (both p&lt;0.001). No differences between groups were found for inactivity and time spent at light or moderate activities. Disease activity did not interact with differences in physical activity between patients with aSpA and healthy controls, evidenced by non-significant and very low correlations between BASDAI and healthy controls-aSpA patients’ difference scores. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with aSpA exhibit lower physical activity compared to healthy controls. These differences are independent of disease activity, suggesting a window of opportunity to develop tailored physical activity interventions for this patient group in addition to medical care. Also, objective physical activity monitoring is a promising outcome measure in aSpA. <h3>References</h3> Sigl T, Cieza A, van der Heijde D, Stucki G. ICF based comparison of disease specific instruments measuring physical functional ability in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2005;64(11):1576-81. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Duodenal vascular ectasia (DUVE) associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Authors: S. Congly, Z. Gao, M. Storr
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 63-year-old man post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) developed significant gastrointestinal bleeding with melena and drops in hemoglobin that required multiple blood transfusions. He had received fludarabine and busulfan for pretransplantation conditioning. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) on day 89 post transplantation (+ 89) revealed an antral-limited portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and duodenopathy that involved the bulb and second part of the duodenum; the findings were also compatible with gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) ([Fig. 1]). Several subsequent EGDs due to ongoing blood loss all confirmed antral limited PHG. Severe hemorrhagic gastritis and duodenitis consistent with GAVE ([Fig. 2]) was seen on day + 132. The final endoscopy (day + 203) showed GAVE throughout the stomach and duodenum, gastric varices, and small esophageal varices. The genesis of these varices was cryptogenic as there was no evidence of either portal hypertension or a splenic vein thrombosis. Treatment for the patient included intravenous/per oral proton pump inhibitors and one treatment of argon plasma coagulation, which did not affect the ongoing blood loss significantly. A transjugular, intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was placed (day + 231) due to recurrent bleeding. Unfortunately, the patient died due to overwhelming sepsis and continued bleeding (day + 253). Duodenal biopsies from earlier in the admission were revisited post mortem and felt to be consistent with vascular ectasia ([Fig. 3]).
NHS staff gear up for climate week with energy efficient pledges
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Epileptogenesis <i>in vivo</i> can be altered by manipulation of molecules such as cytokines and complement that subserve intercellular signaling in both the inflammatory and central nervous systems. Because of the dual roles of these signaling molecules, it has been difficult to precisely define the role of systemic inflammation in epileptogenesis. Organotypic hippocampal brain slices can be maintained in culture independently of the systemic inflammatory system, and the rapid course of epileptogenesis in these cultures supports the idea that inflammation is not necessary for epilepsy. However, this preparation still retains key cellular inflammatory mediators. Here, we found that rodent hippocampal organotypic slice cultures depleted of T lymphocytes and microglia developed epileptic activity at essentially the same rate and to similar degrees of severity as matched control slice cultures. These data support the idea that although the inflammatory system, neurons, and glia share key intercellular signaling molecules, neither systemic nor CNS-specific cellular elements of the immune and inflammatory systems are necessary components of epileptogenesis.
Balloon extraction for the endoscopic removal of proximally migrated pancreatic stent
Authors: Yu-qi He, Ji-heng Wang, Shan Tang, Ge Gao, Jian-qiu Sheng
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 33-year-old man underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for removal of stones in the pancreatic duct. The stones were removed successfully and a plastic pancreatic duct stent (7 Fr, 10 cm; Wilson-Cook, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA) was placed in the pancreatic duct to prevent post-ERCP pancreatitis and obstruction.
Women's Aspirin, Beta-Carotene Study Moves Forward
Authors: Kara Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Women's Aspirin, Beta-Carotene Study Moves Forward Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 21, 6 November 1991, Page 1531, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.21.1531 Published: 06 November 1991
Diagnostics in the Year 2000: Antibody, Biosensor, and Nucleic Acid Technologies
Authors: V Marks
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Nowhere has the impact of science and technology on the practice of modern medicine been greater than in diagnosis that provides a rational basis for treatment. Tests for substances of diagnostic importance that only 10 years ago were barely known about are now available at the touch of a switch or the drop of blood.

This revolution has come mainly through the industrialisation of the diagnostics industry, which began some 30 years or so ago with the introduction of mechanisation and prepacked chemical reagents. The incorporation …
Abstract 4262: Characterization and regulation of a CXCR4-expressing subpopulation in head and neck cancer stem cells
Authors: Alan Kiang, Eric L. Abhold, Katherine J. Blair, Michael A. Yu, Martin Haas, Kevin Brumund, Robert A. Weisman, Weg M. Ongkeko
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis proposes that only the CSCs within a tumor possess the ability to self-renew and to generate new tumors. Under this model, CSCs are presumed responsible for cellular invasion and metastasis, as well as the recurrence of cancers following chemotherapy. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), cells which are CD44 positive and lineage negative (CD44+/Lin-) have been shown to possess properties of CSCs. These cells form tumors in NOD/SCID mice at a much greater efficiency compared to CD44-/Lin- cells, and express the proto-oncogene BMI-1. More recently, it has been shown in pancreatic cancer that a distinct subpopulation of CSCs expressing the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is essential for tumor metastasis. Here we demonstrate the existence of a highly invasive CXCR4+ subpopulation in HNSCC cancer stem cells and elucidate the pathways through which this subpopulation could be regulated. For this study putative CSC cultures derived from primary HNSCC tissue were used from which CXCR4-expressing subpopulations were isolated. A matrigel invasion assay revealed that the CXCR4+ fraction of CSCs was significantly more invasive compared to the CXCR4- fraction. We also surveyed the mRNA expression of these two fractions by qRT-PCR, and found that expression of the proteinases MMP2 and MMP9 was markedly higher in CXCR4+ cells. Interestingly, treatment with nicotine increased the expression of CXCR4 and its ligand SDF-1 in the parental CSC culture, suggesting a possible mechanism by which CXCR4 could be regulated within the CSC population. Nicotine, a major component of tobacco, is known to have proliferative, anti-apoptotic, and angiogenic effects, and has been shown to promote epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in a variety of human cancers. Mortality from HNSCC remains high due primarily to cancer invasion of vital structures and development of distant metastases. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms by which CXCR4 confers an invasive and metastatic CSC phenotype. In addition, the observed effects of nicotine could provide novel insights towards the regulation of the CXCR4/SDF-1 axis in HNSCC, for which tobacco use has been identified as the leading risk factor. Continued efforts in mapping the molecular mechanisms surrounding CXCR4-mediated invasion and metastasis of CSCs could lead to new and effective treatment strategies for HNSCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4262.