tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The use of a correctional setting for follow-up care of psychiatrically disturbed adolescents
Authors: D O Lewis, S S Shanok
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors studied the first 88 adolescents boys who were placed on the secure unit of a correctional school during an 18-month period and found that 52 (59.1%) of the boys had previously received psychiatric residential treatment or psychiatric hospitalization. The authors hypothesize that many of these boys may have been transferred from a psychiatric setting to a correctional facility during adolescence when long-standing aberrant behaviors became more threatening to staff. At present the number of psychiatric hospital beds is decreasing and the criteria for hospitalization of children are becoming more stringent. The data indicate that correctional facilities are now expected to function as psychiatric treatment centers for disturbed adolescents no longer welcome in therapeutic settings.
Non-melanoma skin cancer.
Authors: I Harvey, D Shalom, R M Marks, S J Frankel
Journal: BMJ (1989)

RevziewNon-melanoma skin cancer Distribution and natural course are still open questions Non-melanoma cancer of the skin and its precursor states are among the most common forms of cancer in Britain with an incidence second only to lung cancer in men and breast cancer in women.Yet despite their high incidence these cancers are among the least adequately studied from a population perspective.This paper.examines what is known about their
Clinical and dermoscopic features of lichen planus pigmentosus in 37 patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia
Authors: R. Pirmez, B. Duque-Estrada, A. Donati, G. Campos-do-Carmo, N.S. Valente, R. Romiti, C.T. Sodré, A. Tosti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)
SAT0318 Lemon Juice Reduces Serum Uric Acid Level Via Alkalization of Urine in Gouty and Hyperuremic Patients- A Pilot Study
Authors: E.K. Biernatkaluza, N. Schlesinger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Lemon juice stimulates the formation of calcium carbonate released by the pancreas and aids in alkalization of the blood and urine, neutralizing acids such as uric acid. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess wheather drinking freshly squeezed lemon water changes serum uric levels (SUA) and influences urine pH. <h3>Methods</h3> In a pilot study, we retrospectively analyzed the medical documentation of 75 individuals presenting to outpatient rheumatological clinic between 1/1/2013 and 30/6/2013. Each patient drank 2 freshly squeezed lemon in 2 liters of water per day. Gouty patients continued their urate lowering drug (ULD) and prophylaxis (colchicine or NSAID) if they have been taking these previously. Parameters collected at baseline and at 6 weeks included: SUA, serum creatinine, GFR and urine pH. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy five individuals (23F,52M) aged 25-95 years were divided into 3 groups: Group A: gout patients, Group B: individuals with hyperuricemia, Group C: control: patients with RA, AS and PsA. The differences between demographic data of the 3 groups were not significant. A reduction in SUA was observed in all groups at 6 weeks: Group A 0.4-2.8 (mean 1.6mg/dL); Group B 0.3-2.3 (mean 1.3mg/dL); Group C 0.2-1.8 (mean 1mg/dL). A decrease in serum creatinine was observed in all groups at 6 weeks: in Group A 0-0.54 (mean 0.04ml/min), in Group B 0.02-0.54 (mean 0.305ml/min), in Group C 0.03-0.44 (mean 0,1ml/min). At 6 weeks urine pH increased in all groups: in Group A 0.5-2 (mean 1.25 pH unit), in Group B 0.5-2 (mean 1.5 pH unit), in Group C 0-3.5 (mean 1 pH unit). At baseline the number of pts with GFR &lt;60 ml/min in group A (gout) was 7; improvement at 6 weeks varied from 0- 25 ml/min. In Group B (hyperuricemia) 2 pts had GFR &lt;60 ml/min and at 6 weeks improvement in GFR was 12 and &gt;15 ml/min. In Group C (control) all patients had GFR &gt;60ml/min at baseline and at 6 weeks. <h3>Conclusions</h3> To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in the English literature to evaluate the use of lemon water in gout patients and individuals with hyperuricemia. In this study all individuals given lemon water showed a reduction in SUA, improvement of serum creatinine and GFR as well as urine alkalization after 6 weeks of lemon water. Lemon water may be a useful adjuvant in the treatment of patients with gout. Large randomized controlled trials are needed to further evaluate the hypourecemic effect of lemons and usefulness of lemons/lemon juice and lemon water as an adjuvant in the treatment of gout. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Randomized Phase II Evaluation of Bevacizumab Versus Bevacizumab Plus Fosbretabulin in Recurrent Ovarian, Tubal, or Peritoneal Carcinoma: An NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Authors: Bradley J. Monk, Michael W. Sill, Joan L. Walker, Christopher J. Darus, Gregory Sutton, Krishnansu S. Tewari, Lainie P. Martin, Jeanne M. Schilder, Robert L. Coleman, Jai Balkissoon, Carol Aghajanian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose The vascular disrupting agent fosbretabulin tromethamine selectively targets pre-existing tumor vasculature, which causes vascular shutdown and leads to cancer cell death and necrosis. Antiangiogenesis agents such as bevacizumab, a humanized antivascular endothelial growth factor monoclonal antibody, might prevent revascularization during and after treatment with a vascular disrupting agent. Patients and Methods Patients with recurrent or persistent epithelial ovarian, tubal, or peritoneal carcinoma, measurable or detectable disease, and three or fewer prior regimens were randomly assigned to bevacizumab (15 mg/kg intravenously once every 3 weeks) or the combination of bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) plus fosbretabulin (60 mg/m 2 ) intravenously once every 3 weeks until disease progression or toxicity. Randomization was stratified by disease status (measurable v nonmeasurable), prior bevacizumab, and platinum-free interval. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS). The study was designed with 80% power for a one-sided alternative at a 10% level of significance to detect a reduction in the hazard by 37.5%. Results The study enrolled 107 patients. Median PFS was 4.8 months for bevacizumab and 7.3 months for bevacizumab plus fosbretabulin (hazard ratio, 0.69; 90% two-sided CI, 0.47 to 1.00; one-sided P = .05). The proportion responding (overall response rate) to bevacizumab was 28.2% among 39 patients with measurable disease and 35.7% among 42 patients treated with the combination. The relative probability of responding was 1.27 (90% CI, 0.74 to 2.17; one-sided P = .24). Adverse events greater than grade 3 were more common in the combination regimen than in bevacizumab only for hypertension (35% v 20%). There was one grade 3 thromboembolic event in the combination arm and one intestinal fistula in the bevacizumab only arm. Conclusion On the basis of the PFS, overall response rate, and tolerability of these two antivascular therapies, further evaluation is warranted for this chemotherapy-free regimen. Fosbretabulin in combination with bevacizumab increases the risk of hypertension.
FDG PET/CT in Peritoneal Metastasis From Prostate Cancer
Authors: Serkan Gungor, Sertac Asa, Osman Kupik
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in men. The prognosis in prostate cancer is greatly worsened by the presence of metastases, which are most commonly found in bone, lung, liver, and brain. The peritoneum is an extremely uncommon metastatic site for prostate cancer, even in autopsy series. We present a case of FDG PET/CT demonstration of peritoneal metastasis from prostate cancer.
Abstract ES8-2: Prognostic indicators in treatment of DCIS
Authors: DM Euhus
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The goal of DCIS treatment is to avoid a future invasive breast cancer. Invasive breast cancer risk is heterogeneous across the population of DCIS patients. More than 40% of women with minimal, low grade DCIS will develop invasive breast cancer if left untreated and followed for more than 10 years. Risk of invasive recurrence is about 2% per year for DCIS treated by simple excision (lower for small low grade lesions and higher for larger high grade lesions). A reliable approach for risk-stratifying individual DCIS lesions could permit tailored approaches to therapy or avoidance of therapy all together in the lowest risk women. Screen-detected, grade 1 and 2 micropapillary DCIS in older women is likely the lowest risk lesion. Progression to invasive breast cancer is more likely related to focal myoepithelial cell dysfunction than molecular alterations in the bulk luminal cell populations. Nevertheless, p16, ER, COX2, HER-2/neu, and Ki67 staining patterns in the bulk luminal cell population have been linked to recurrence risk. A 12 gene recurrence score has been shown to predict the risk of recurrence for DCIS treated by excision without radiation. This assay was adapted from the 21-gene OncoTypeDx test and is weighted heavily towards proliferation markers. Accurate prediction of invasive recurrence risk will likely require detection of focal alterations in myopeithelial cells and the basement membrane. Citation Format: Euhus DM. Prognostic indicators in treatment of DCIS. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES8-2.
Abstract B31: Bladder cancer patient urinary exosomes and tumors contain long noncoding RNA that may serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers
Authors: Claudia Berrondo, Jonathan Flax, Aisha Siebert, Victor Kucherov, Alex Rosenberg, Christopher Fucile, Carla Beckham
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract While long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) play important roles in tumor biology including bladder cancer (BC), no previous studies have shown that lncRNAs in BC patient urinary exosomes (UEs) can function as biomarkers of disease. Exosomes are 30-150nm secreted membrane-bound vesicles that contain active biomolecules like: messenger(m)RNA, micro(mi)RNA, lncRNA and proteins generated from their cells of origin. In this study, we identified a panel of lncRNAs and mRNAs enriched in the UEs and tumors of BC patients, including the well-characterized lncRNA, HOTAIR. In order to elucidate if HOTAIR has a functional role in BC, we knocked it down in BC cell lines. Loss of HOTAIR resulted in reduced expression of known HOTAIR epithelial-to-mesenchyme transition (EMT) target genes, as well as reduced migration, and invasion using trans-well and 3-D culture assays. These data suggest that HOTAIR may serve as both a biomarker in UEs and as a potential therapeutic target. Critically, we RNA-Sequenced primary tumors, distal normal tissue (DNT) and UEs of BC patients and UEs from healthy volunteers (HV) to identify two novel lncRNAs, LINC00477 and LINC00940 enriched in BC patients' UEs and tumors. These candidate lncRNAs were confirmed with quantitative real time (qRT-PCR). Taken together, UE lncRNA content reflect the lncRNA content of BC tumors and may serve as biomarkers of disease. Further investigation is needed to validate the use of the lncRNAs presented in this study as biomarkers and putative therapeutic targets in relevant patient populations. Citation Format: Claudia Berrondo, Jonathan Flax, Aisha Siebert, Victor Kucherov, Alex Rosenberg, Christopher Fucile, Carla Beckham. Bladder cancer patient urinary exosomes and tumors contain long noncoding RNA that may serve as therapeutic targets and biomarkers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr B31.
Abstract P2-05-24: OPG+ bone marrow B cells induced by non-metastatic tumors inhibit the pre-metastatic bone niche induced by T cells
Authors: A Bonomo, AC Monteiro, AC Leal, AP Fontão, E Spinetti, A Balduino
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Using the 4T1 model of experimental breast cancer we had recently shown that cancer induced bone disease starts before metastatic colonization and is mediated by RANKL expressed by tumor specific T cells. The role of anti-tumor B cell immune response in the context of cancer induced bone disease has never been investigated. There is evidence in the literature that B cells are good prognostic markers for metastatic breast cancer. B cells have an intimate relationship with bone cells as they differentiate from HSC present on endosteal surfaces; cross-talk with skeletal system through the RANK-RANKL-OPG signaling axis; and produce OPG, a decoy receptor of RANKL. Here we used the BALB/c derived 4T1 (metastatic) and 67NR (non-metastatic) sibling cell lines of mammary mouse carcinomas. By day 7, 14 and 21 after tumor injection, B220+ BM B cells from 67NR+ animals produce high amounts of OPG in vitro in contrast to B220+ BM B cells of 4T1+ mice. In vitro, BM B cells from 67NR+ mice, but not from 4T1+, could inhibit the RANKL dependent, anti-4T1 T cell mediated-OC differentiation ascertained by TRAP enzymatic activity, morphology and osteolytic disk assay. Transference of BM B cells from 67NR+ mice together with 4T1 tumor cells to BALB/c mice led to inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, increased numbers of bone lining cells and mesenchyme stem cell. Besides acting directly on the bone remodeling system, these B cells also modulated T cell activity evidenced by diminished RANKL and IL-17F production. All the anti-osteolytic and pro-osteogenic activity of B cells modulate and inhibits the pre-metastatic niche formation. Indeed transference of such cells to 4T1 animals inhibited LN and BM metastatic colonization. We conclude that 67NR induced OPG+ B cells can inhibit pro-osteoclastic / pre-metastatic activity of tumor induced T cells, favoring a bone metastasis free-phenotype. These findings have implications, not only for the understanding of the direct contribution of B cells in the control of bone metastasis but also it might be a promising prognostic tool for predicting cancer-induced bone metastasis. Citation Format: Bonomo A, Monteiro AC, Leal AC, Fontão AP, Spinetti E, Balduino A. OPG+ bone marrow B cells induced by non-metastatic tumors inhibit the pre-metastatic bone niche induced by T cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-24.
HEMODYNAMIC CORRELATION WITH PHONOCARDIOGRAM IN AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY
Authors: Reizo Kusukawa, Shigetake Sasayama, Makoto Watanabe, Yoshinori Shirahama, Hyongi Kim, Toshio Yaginuma
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Phonocardiographic, hemodynamic and angiocardiographic study in thirty two patients with isolated aortic insufficiency or accompanied by other valvular lesions or congenital defects were carried out with special reference to the correlation between configuration of the diastolic murmur and regurgi-tant percent, and between Q-1 interval and end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle. 1. Regurgitant percent may be assumed as the 'most adequate index of the severity of aortic insufficiency. No correlation was found between regurgi-tant percent and diastolic pressure or pulse pressure of the aorta. 2. The interval between second heart sound and maximum amplitude of the diastolic murmur, and between the maximum amplitude and half of it correlated significantly with regurgitant percent, the former more significantly. 3. Q-1 interval was correlated with end-diastolic volume and electrical mechanical interval. Q-1 interval had no correlation with total ventricular activation time. Therefore, prolongation of the Q-1 interval in aortic insuffici-ency may be due to the prolongation of the electrical mechanical interval.
Biochemical Properties of Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterase in Metastasizing and Nonmetastasizing Rat Mammary Carcinomas 2
Authors: Sunil K. Chatterjee, Untae Kim
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The biochemical properties of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases in a nonmetastasizing and a spontaneously metastasizing rat mammary carcinoma were compared. The phosphodiesterases in both tumors had a pH optimum of around 8.0 and preferentially hydrolysed cyclic purine nucleotides. The rate of hydrolysis of purine nucleotides in the nonmetastasizing tumor was two times higher than in the metastasizing tumor, but the rate of pyrimidine nucleotide hydrolysis was equal in both tumors. Theophylline, caffeine, and D,L-4-(3-butoxy-4-methoxybenzyl)-2-imidazolidinone (Ro20-1724) inhibited the enzyme activity in both tumors; the percent inhibition was the same by each inhibitor. The cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity in either tumor was stimulated by Mg++, Mn++, and Co++ and suppressed by Ca++, Zn++, and Ni++. EDTA inhibited the activity below the basal level (activity in the absence of added cation), and this inhibition could be recovered up to the basal level by an equimolar quantity of either Mn++ or Mg++. Further stimulation of the enzyme activity with increasing concentrations of divalent cations was observed only with Mn++. Similar effects were observed with ethylene glycol bis(β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N-tetraacetic acid. The stimulatory cations affected both the low and high Michaelis constant (Km) enzymes in these tumors by increasing the maximum velocity. In the low Km enzyme, the Km was also slightly increased. Neither guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate nor adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate had any effect on the hydrolysis of the other at physiologic levels.
FDG PET/CT Findings of Multifocal Epithelioid Hemangioendotheliomas of the Bones
Authors: Maohua Rao, Yue Chen, Zhanwen Huang, Yan Zhu, Xiuli Xiao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the bones is very rare. We report a 78-year-old patient suffering from epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of multiple pelvic bones and the right femur. FDG PET/CT scan showed intense activity in mainly lytic lesions of these bones.
KPT-8602, a second-generation inhibitor of XPO1-mediated nuclear export, is well tolerated and highly active against AML blasts and leukemia-initiating cells
Authors: J Etchin, A Berezovskaya, A S Conway, I A Galinsky, R M Stone, E Baloglu, W Senapedis, Y Landesman, M Kauffman, S Shacham, J C Y Wang, A T Look
Journal: Leukemia (2016)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal hematologic malignant disease of developing myeloid cells that have acquired aberrant survival, uncontrolled proliferation and a block in normal hematopoietic cell differentiation. Standard chemotherapy often induces remissions in AML patients, but the disease frequently relapses due to incomplete targeting of leukemia-initiating cells (LICs), emphasizing the need for novel effective treatments. Exportin 1 (XPO1)-mediated nuclear export, which is inhibited by the drug selinexor, is an attractive new therapeutic target in AML. Selinexor has shown impressive activity in Phase I/II clinical trials for AML. Here we report the anti-leukemic efficacy and tolerability of KPT-8602, a second-generation XPO1 inhibitor. KPT-8602 demonstrates substantially reduced brain penetration compared to selinexor, with resultant attenuation of the central nervous system mediated side effects of anorexia and weight loss. Due to its improved tolerability profile, KPT-8602 can be given daily compared to the two or three times weekly regimen of selinexor, and exhibits greater anti-leukemic efficacy against both leukemic blasts and LICs in AML patient-derived xenograft models. Importantly, normal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) frequency is not significantly reduced by KPT-8602, providing a therapeutic window for elimination of relapse-driving LICs while sparing normal HSPCs. These findings strongly endorse clinical testing of KPT-8602 in patients with relapsed and refractory AML.
Depression in Parkinson's disease
Authors: P Hantz, G Caradoc-Davies, T Caradoc-Davies, M Weatherall, G Dixon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors assessed the prevalence of major depression (DSM-III-R) among Parkinson's disease patients and compared this rate with that of matched physically disabled subjects.The 30-item General Health Questionnaire and measures of physical disability were completed by all patients in Dunedin, New Zealand, identified as having Parkinson's disease. Patients scoring over 5 on the General Health Questionnaire were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R--Non-Patient Version. Each patient living in the community was matched for age, sex, and level of physical disability with a comparison subject who did not have a neurological condition.Of the 73 subjects with Parkinson's disease who agreed to participate and were judged not to be demented, 34.2% scored higher than 5 on the 30-item General Health Questionnaire, but only 2.7% met the criteria for major depression. No difference from the comparison group was found.The prevalence of major depression in patients with Parkinson's disease may be no greater than in age- and sex-matched physically disabled persons.
Specific allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of atopic eczema: a Cochrane systematic review
Authors: H. H. Tam, M. A. Calderon, L. Manikam, H. Nankervis, I. G. Núñez, H. C. Williams, S. R. Durham, R. J. Boyle
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Specific allergen immunotherapy (SIT) is an effective allergy treatment, but it is unclear whether SIT is effective for atopic eczema (AE). We undertook a systematic review to assess SIT efficacy and safety for treating AE.We searched databases, ongoing clinical trials registers, and conference proceedings up to July 2015. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of SIT using standardized allergen extracts, compared with placebo/control, for treating AE in patients with allergic sensitization were eligible.We identified 12 eligible trials with 733 participants. Interventions included subcutaneous (six trials), sublingual (four trials), oral or intradermal SIT in children/adults allergic to house dust mite (10 trials), grass pollen or other inhalants. Risk of bias was moderate, with high loss to follow-up and nonblinding as the main concerns. For our primary outcomes, three studies (208 participants) reported no significant difference - patient-reported global disease severity improvement RR 0.75 (95% CI 0.45, 1.26); and eczema symptoms mean difference -0.74 on a 20-point scale (95% CI -1.98, 0.50). Two studies (85 participants) reported a significant difference - SIT improved global disease severity RR 2.85 (95% CI 1.02, 7.96); and itch mean difference -4.20 on a 10-point scale (95% CI -3.69, -4.71). Meta-analysis was limited due to extreme statistical heterogeneity. For some secondary outcomes, meta-analyses showed benefits for SIT, for example investigator-rated improvement in eczema severity RR 1.48 (95% CI 1.16, 1.88; six trials, 262 participants). We found no evidence of adverse effects. The overall quality of evidence was low.We found no consistent evidence that SIT is effective for treating AE, but due to the low quality of evidence further research is needed to establish whether SIT has a role in AE treatment.