tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Promising Cancer Drug Has a Different Price for Every Use
Authors: N. Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Promising Cancer Drug Has a Different Price for Every Use Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 16, 21 August 1991, Pages 1128–1129, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.16.1128 Published: 21 August 1991
Intense F-18 FDG Accumulation in the Stomach in a Patient with Menetrier’s Disease
Authors: Takashi Kato, Yoshito Komatsu, Eriko Tsukamoto, Masaaki Takei, Toshiki Takei, Fumiyasu Yamamoto, Yuji Kuge, Masahiro Asaka, Nagara Tamaki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

KATO, TAKASHI M.D.*; KOMATSU, YOSHITO M.D.†; TSUKAMOTO, ERIKO M.D.*; TAKEI, MASAAKI M.D.†; TAKEI, TOSHIKI M.D.*; YAMAMOTO, FUMIYASU M.D.*; KUGE, YUJI Ph.D.*; ASAKA, MASAHIRO M.D.†; TAMAKI, NAGARA M.D.* Author Information
S101 Intensive Care Unit Admission Should Play a Role in the Management of Selected Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease
Authors: MC Coleman, AJ Bastin, EA Renzoni, AU Wells, TM Maher
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Little is known about outcomes of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) requiring emergency admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Historically, based on data for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), in whom outcome is poor, there has been a reluctance to provide advanced support for individuals with ILD. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with ILD admitted to ICU. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective review of electronic patient records, ICU database and clinical notes was undertaken for all patients with confirmed ILD admitted to ICU between January 2006 and June 2012 in a single tertiary ILD referral centre. Patients admitted electively for bronchoscopy in a high-dependency environment (n=10, no complications) were not included. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 35 patients (21 male), mean age 48 (range 18–76) years. Of these, 20 were inpatients referred by the ILD team at the same hospital, 6 were admitted following deterioration after a thoracic surgical procedure and 9 were directly transferred from other hospital ICUs. The most common diagnoses were connective tissue disease -associated ILD (6), pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, PAP (4), sarcoidosis (4), IPF (4) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (3). Twenty-seven (77%) patients received invasive mechanical ventilation, 4 of whom also required extracorporeal support for gas exchange. The majority of patients received immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids, and over one-third received cyclophosphamide and/or rituximab whilst in ICU. Overall, 21 (60%) survived to ICU discharge, only 1 of whom died before hospital discharge. Sixteen (47%) patients survived to 6 months. All 4 patients with IPF died before hospital discharge. All patients with PAP survived to 6 months. ICU length of stay for survivors was 27 (range 1–127) days and for non-survivors was 17 (1–48) days. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our series suggests that aggressive supportive and disease-targeted management of selected patients with ILD is appropriate, and such patients should therefore be considered for transfer to a specialist unit.
THU0280 Extended Follow-Up of the Cyclofa-Lune Trial Comparing Two Sequential Induction and Maintenance Treatment Regimens for Proliferative Lupus Nephritis Based Either on Cyclophosphamide or Cyclosporine a
Authors: J. Zavada, S. S. Pesickova, R. Rysava, P. Horak, Z. Hrncir, J. Lukac, J. Rovensky, J. Vitova, J. Bohmova, M. Havrda, D. Tegzova, M. Olejarova, V. Tesar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In the investigator-initiated prospective trial CYLOFA-LUNE [1] we tested the hypothesis that immunosuppressive regimen based on Cyclosporine A (CYA) may have similar efficacy but greater safety than that based on cyclophosphamide (CPH). Lupus patients with biopsy-proven proliferative glomerulonephritis were randomly assigned to a treatment protocol based on either CyA or CPH. <h3>Objectives</h3> The main purpose of the current analysis was to ascertain the long-term renal outcome of patients randomised in the CYCLOFA-LUNE trial. <h3>Methods</h3> Data for kidney function, and adverse events (death, cardiovascular event, tumor, premature menopause) were collected by a cross-sectional suvey for 38 of 40 patients initially randomised in the CYCLOFA-LUNE trial <h3>Results</h3> The median follow-up time was 7.7 years (range 5.0-10.3). Rates of renal impairment and end-stage renal disease, adverse events (death, cardiovascular event, tumor, premature menopause) did not differ between the CPH and CyA group, nor did mean serum creatinine, 24 h proteinuria and SLICC damage score at last follow-up. Most patients in both groups were still treated with glucocorticoids, other immunosuppressant agents, and blood pressure lowering drugs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The data confirm that both regimens based either on CPH or CyA achieved good and similar clinical results in the very long term <h3>References</h3> Zavada J, Pesickova S, Rysava R, et al. Cyclosporine A or intravenous cyclophosphamide for lupus nephritis: the Cyclofa-Lune study. Lupus. 2010 Oct;19(11):1281-9 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Supported by the project (Ministry of Health, Czech Republic) MZO 00023728. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SC-02 * CONVERSION OF DIFFERENTIATED CANCER CELLS INTO CANCER STEM-LIKE CELLS IN A GLIOBLASTOMA MODEL AFTER PRIMARY CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: B. Auffinger, A. Tobias, Y. Han, G. Lee, D. Guo, M. Dey, M. Lesniak, A. Ahmed
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma multiforme patients have a poor prognosis due to therapeutic resistance and tumor relapse. It has been suggested that gliomas are driven by a rare subset of tumor cells known as glioma stem cells (GSCs). This hypothesis states that only a few GSCs are able to divide, differentiate and initiate a new tumor. It has also been shown that this subpopulation is more resistant to conventional therapies than its differentiated counterpart. In order to understand glioma recurrence post therapy, we investigated the behavior of GSCs after primary chemotherapy. We first show that exposure of patient-derived as well as established glioma cell lines to therapeutic doses of temozolomide (TMZ), the most commonly used anti-glioma chemotherapy, consistently increases the GSC pool over time both in vitro and in vivo. Secondly, lineage-tracing analysis of the expanded GSC pool suggests that such amplification is a result of a phenotypic shift in the non-GSC population to GSC-like state in the presence of TMZ. The newly converted GSC population expresses markers associated with pluripotency and stemness, such as CD133, SOX2, Oct4 and Nestin. Furthermore, we show that intracranial implantation of the newly converted GSCs in nude mice results in a more efficient grafting and invasive phenotype. Taken together, these findings provide the first evidence that glioma cells exposed to chemotherapeutic agents are able to interconvert between non-GSCs and GSCs, thereby replenishing the original tumor population, leading to a more infiltrative phenotype and enhanced chemoresistance. This may represent a potential mechanism for therapeutic relapse.
Not So Fast — Jurisdictional Barriers to the ACA Litigation
Authors: Timothy Stoltzfus Jost, Mark A. Hall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) has been under attack in the federal courts for the entire 18 months of its existence. Approximately 30 lawsuits have been filed challenging the law, and review by the Supreme Court by June 2012 now appears likely, given the government's petition for such review filed on September 28.Most cases claim that Congress exceeded its constitutional authority in enacting the ACA, but the Constitution also limits the authority of the federal courts. Article III allows federal courts to hear only “cases . . . [or] controversies” over which Congress has given them jurisdiction.1 The Supreme Court is . . .
AB1145 Case report: Raynaud’s phenomenon with oral manifestation in a child presenting mixed connective tissue disease
Authors: F. Bellutti Enders, M. Hofer
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Raynaud's phenomenon is a symptom complex characterized by episodes of pallor or cyanosis with tingling of the peripheral extremities, particularly the finger and toes that is caused by a vasospasm of small arteries and arterioles. This spasm is induced by sudden change of temperature or by stress. Raynaud's phenomenon affecting the oral cavity is a rare but known symptom in patients with connective tissue disease. There are only few reports about oral manifestations of Raynaud's phenomenon. To our knowledge this is the first report of this symptom in children. <h3>Results</h3> An adolescent girl, aged 11 years, presented herself 6 weeks after developing Raynaud's phenomenon on fingers, toes and her tongue at our consultation (image 1). This symptom appeared typically after sudden change of temperature or in stressful situations. She didn't describe pain, only a fizzy sensation on the tongue. After some minutes, the coloration went back to normal. Physical examination revealed a heliotrope rash on the face and arthritis of 10 joints. In the first place, blood exams were performed, suspecting connective tissue disease. These tests revealed high level of anti-nuclear-antibodies (ANA &gt;5120 U/ml) and presence of anti-RNP 68 (&gt;100U/ml) and anti-U1-RNP (&gt;100U/ml) but no sign of inflammation. The capillaroscopy did not show any signs of desertification or megacapillaries. In the first place, Hydroxychloroquine was introduced as patient had only few complaints. As articular condition got worse, Prednisone and Methotrexate were introduced with resolution of the articular complaints and decreasing frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Primary Raynaud's phenomenon involves mainly distal extremities. Presentation of this symptom involving the tongue is highly suspect for a secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, in our case mixed connective tissue disease. Therefore, patients presenting with this manifestation need to be referred promptly to a (pediatric) rheumatologist. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>Pneumonia in the Adult
Authors: Emanuel Rubin, Frederick G. Zak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

IN 1909 Chagas,1 in Brazil, described a peculiar pneumonia in a guinea pig infected with Trypanosoma cruzi that he ascribed to that parasite. Two years later, in the same country, Carini2 reported a similar disease in the lungs of rats experimentally infected with T. lewisi; he found numerous cyst forms in the alveoli and described them as the reproductive schizont forms of the organism. In the following year the Delanoës3 discovered the same cyst forms in the lungs of Parisian sewer rats and thus established the independent nature of the organism, which they named Pneumocystis carinii. Chagas4 subsequently . . .
LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE INDUCED COAGULATION AND PLATELET ACTIVATION AND EFFECT OF THE CURRENT ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY REGIMEN
Authors: Michael Ashbrook, Jeffrey Schwartz, Alain Heroux, Jeanine Walenga, Walter Jeske, Vicki Escalante, Mamdouh Bakhos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A phase I dose-escalation study of apatorsen (OGX-427), an antisense inhibitor targeting heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27), in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer and other advanced cancers
Authors: K.N. Chi, E.Y. Yu, C. Jacobs, J. Bazov, C. Kollmannsberger, C.S. Higano, S.D. Mukherjee, M.E. Gleave, P.S. Stewart, S.J. Hotte
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
COST VERSUS CONTRAINDICATION: THE COMPARATIVE SAFETY OF ABCIXIMAB VERSUS EPTIFIBATIDE IN PATIENTS ON DIALYSIS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE BLUE CROSS BLUE SHIELD OF MICHIGAN CARDIOVASCULAR CONSORTIUM
Authors: Devraj Sukul, Milan Seth, Theodore Schreiber, George Hanzel, Akshay Khandelwal, Louis Cannon, Thomas LaLonde, Ronald Miller, Hitinder Gurm
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
OC-046 Acetic Acid Chromoscopy Significantly Improves Neoplasia Detection Rates as compared to Cleveland Clinic Protocol during Barrett’S Surveillance: Abstract OC-046 Table 1
Authors: R Bhattacharyya, S Tholoor, G Longcroft-Wheaton, P Basford, D Cowlishaw, D Poller, P Bhandari
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cost effectiveness of Barrett’s surveillance has recently being questioned due to the low neoplasia detection rate. Acetic acid chromoscopy (AAC) has been shown to improve neoplasia detection in Barrett’s oesophagus but not in surveillance population. The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of AAC with Cleveland clinic protocol (2 cm quadrantic) guided biopsies at detecting high risk neoplasia during Barrett’s surveillance. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective Cohort study comparing two different Barrett’s surveillance strategies. All patients who underwent Barrett’s surveillance between 2008–12 were recorded on a Barrett’s database. All neoplasias were independently reviewed by two GI Pathologists. Barrett’s surveillance patients were randomly allocated to acetic acid chromoscopy lists (cohort B) or protocol guided biopsy (Cohort A) lists. AAC involved targeted biopsy of area of concern &amp; 3 additional biopsies from lower, middle &amp; top end of Barrett’s. Protocol guided were taken as quadrantic biopsies every 2 cm &amp; any visible abnormality. Fisher’s exact test was used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> N = 982 Barrett’s surveillance gastroscopy between 2008–12. Median age was <i>66</i> years &amp; Median Barrett’s length was <i>4.5</i> cm (range: 1–20). Male: Female = <i>3.3:1</i>. <h3>Protocol guided Cohort A</h3> N = 655/982(66.7%). 7/655 (1%) patients were found to have high grade dysplasia (HGD) &amp; 3/655(0.4%) had T-1 cancers with an overall high risk neoplasia detection rate of 10/655(1.5%). <h3>Acetic acid Cohort B</h3> N = 327/982(33.2%). 18/327(5.5%) patients were found to have HGD &amp; 14/327(4.2%) had T-1 cancers with an overall high risk neoplasia detection rate of 32/327(9.7%). This shows a statistically significant 6.5 fold (p = 0.0001) increased detection of high risk neoplasia with acetic acid guided biopsies as compared to protocol guided biopsies in Barrett’s surveillance. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the first report from a large exclusively Barrett’s surveillance population. Our data demonstrates that acetic acid chromoscopy significantly (6.5 fold) improves the detection of high risk neoplasia in Barrett’s surveillance as compared to the current standard of 2 cm quadrantic biopsies. AAC also results in significantly less number of biopsies taken so overall it will be very cost-effective. This questions the validity of the current standard of non targeted protocol guided biopsies during Barrett’s surveillance. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Hemodynamic responses of the sheep fetus to vasopressin infusion.
Authors: H S Iwamoto, A M Rudolph, L C Keil, M A Heymann
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

The effects of intravenous infusion of vasopressin on the circulation of the fetus were studied in lambs in utero with chronically maintained intravascular catheters.Vasopressin infused in doses of 0.91-2.26mU/min per kg fetal weight resulted in plasma levels of arginine vasopressin of 6.8-36.4/iU/ml; these levels are similar to those achieved during fetal hypoxia.Petal mean arterial blood pressure increased from control levels of 47 ± 1.7 to 56 ± 1.9 nun Hg, and heart rate fell from 174 ± 4.1 to 144 ± 4.4 beats/min.Fetal cardiac output and its distribution and actual organ blood flows were measured before and during vasopressin infusion by the radionuclide-labeled microsphere technique.Combined ventricular output did not change significantly, but there was a redistribution of flow, with a marked reduction of the proportion of cardiac output to the gastrointestinal and peripheral circulations and an increase in the percent of cardiac output to the umbilical-placental, myocardial, and cerebral circulations.This redistribution was associated with a significant increase in fetal arterial Po» from 22 to 24 torr.Changes in heart rate, cardiac output, and distribution of cardiac output to various fetal organs are similar to those seen during fetal hypoxia and suggest that vasopressin release may play an important role in the fetal cardiovascular response to stress.
Do Adenomatous Polyps of the Colon Become Malignant?
Authors: Benjamin Castleman, Herbert I. Krickstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

OF all the problems currently facing the surgeon and pathologist, none is more controversial than the pathogenesis and proper treatment of adenomatous polyps of the colon. Until a few years ago the concept that a large proportion of carcinomas of the colon arise from adenomatous polyps was virtually unchallenged. Recently, however, several studies have cast doubt on the reliability of this postulate. To illustrate the diametrically opposite views on this subject, Dockerty1 believes that all adenomatous polyps eventually become malignant, whereas Spratt, Ackerman and Moyer2 state that there is no definite evidence that adenomatous polyps are ever transformed into infiltrating, . . .
Abstract 5118: Rho/ROCK pathway mediates plasticity of scirrhous gastric carcinoma cell motility
Authors: Matsuoka Tasuku, Masakazu Yashiro, Yukihiro Kato, Osamu Shinto, Naoyoshi Onoda, Tetsuji Sawada, Bunzo Nakata, Masaichi Ohira, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) Rho and its downstream effector Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) is one of a key mediator involved in controlling focal adhesions and the dynamics of actin stress fibers. This pathway has been shown to play important roles in the regulation of various cellular processes, such as cell shape changes and adhesion dynamics that drive migration. The underlying molecular mechanisms for the function of Rho/ROCK pathway leading to the development and progression in scirrhous gastric carcinoma cells have not been defined. We investigated the role of the Rho/ROCK pathway in the adhesion and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells, using a human scirrhous gastric cancer cell line, OCUM-2MD3. ROCK inhibitor, Y27632 significantly increased the adhesion of OCUM-2MD3 cells to the extracellular metrix (ECM) protein matrigel, but had no effect on attachment to polylysine. Further examination using ECM components showed enhanced binding ability was obtained only in laminin, but not in fibronectin, Type I collagen, and Type IV collagen. Reverse transcriptional (RT)-PCR analysis revealed that integrin subunits α3-integrin was clearly up-regulated by treatment with Y-27632 in OCUM-2MD3 cells, reflecting the specificity of ECM protein showing high adhesiveness property of gastric carcinoma cells. ROCK inhibitor also enhanced the invasion of OCUM-2MD3 cells through matrigel. The fact that Y27632 up-regulated the expression of membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase by RT-PCR suggested the possibility that increased invasion ability of OCUM-2MD3 cells was related to proteolytic activity of extracellular matrices. Time-lapse microscopy showed conversion of OCUM-2MD3 cells from elongated to more round morphology with bleb in the presence of Y27632, suggesting that inhibition of Rho/ROCK pathway undergo a so-called ‘amoeboid to mesenchymal’ transition. Taken together, these data suggests that Rho/ROCK regulate plasticity of metastatic gastric carcinoma via mesenchymal-amoeboid transition, leading to clarify the specific progression of scirrhous gastric carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5118.
Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Adults -- A Review of 493 Episodes
Authors: Marlene L. Durand, Stephen B. Calderwood, David J. Weber, Samuel I. Miller, Frederick S. Southwick, Verne S. Caviness, Morton N. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To characterize acute bacterial meningitis in adults, we reviewed the charts of all persons 16 years of age or older in whom acute bacterial meningitis was diagnosed at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1962 through 1988. We included patients who were admitted after initial treatment at other hospitals.During the 27-year period, 445 adults were treated for 493 episodes of acute bacterial meningitis, of which 197 (40 percent) were nosocomial. Gram-negative bacilli (other than Haemophilus influenzae) caused 33 percent of the nosocomial episodes but only 3 percent of the community-acquired episodes. In the 296 episodes of community-acquired meningitis, the most common pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (37 percent), Neisseria meningitidis (13 percent), and Listeria monocytogenes (10 percent); these organisms accounted for only 8 percent of the nosocomial episodes. Only 19 of the 493 episodes of meningitis (4 percent) were due to H. influenzae. Nine percent of all patients had recurrent meningitis; many had a cerebrospinal fluid leak. Seizures occurred in 23 percent of patients with community-acquired meningitis, and 28 percent had focal central nervous system findings. Risk factors for death among those with single episodes of community-acquired meningitis included older age (> or = 60 years), obtunded mental state on admission, and seizures within the first 24 hours. Among those with single episodes, the in-hospital mortality rate was 25 percent for community-acquired and 35 percent for nosocomial meningitis. The overall case fatality rate was 25 percent and did not vary significantly over the 27 years.In our large urban hospital, a major proportion of cases of acute bacterial meningitis in adults were nosocomial. Recurrent episodes of meningitis were frequent. The overall mortality rate remained high.
Correlation of Endoscopic Ultrasound and Texture Analysis of Endoscopic Images in Esophageal Cancer Staging
Authors: YT Chang, WC Yeh, PC Li, JM Wong
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Introduction: EUS has been shown to be the most accurate technique to determine tumor depth of infiltration. However, understaging and overstaging can occur in EUS staging. Texture analysis has been applied in ultrasonic tissue characterization of liver. We tried to evaluate the feasibility of using texture analysis of endoscopic imaging in aiding cancer staging in addition to EUS.