tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
How long have I got? Estimating survival for women starting first-line chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC): A systematic review of recent randomized trials.
Authors: B. E. Kiely, Y. Soon, M. H. Tattersall, M. Stockler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9106 Background: Most patients with advanced cancer want an idea of typical, best case, and worst case scenarios for overall survival (OS). Specific percentiles from OS curves of comparable patients are a reasonable starting point for estimating these scenarios. We summarized recent randomized trials to determine if simple multiples of the median OS from each curve provided reasonable estimates of these scenarios, and to determine the ratio of median OS to median PFS from corresponding curves. Methods: We searched the Cochrane register and major journals from 1999 to 2009 for randomized trials of first-line chemotherapy for MBC with ≥90 patients/arm. We recorded the median and following percentiles (represented scenario) from each OS curve: 90th (worst case), 75th (lower typical), 25th (upper typical) and 10th (best case). We estimated these percentiles for each OS curve by multiplying its median by the following simple multiples: 0.25 for the 90th, 0.5 for the 75th, 2 for the 25th, and 3 for the 10th. Each estimate was deemed accurate if within 0.75 to 1.33 times the actual value. Associations between trial characteristics and median OS were assessed with linear regression. Results: We analyzed 74 OS curves from 34 trials including 12,714 women followed for a median of 3 years. The average value (interquartile range, IQR) of the median OS was 22 months (18-24), of the median PFS was 7 months (6-9), and of the ratio of median OS to PFS was 3.0 (2.4-3.5). The average value (IQR) in months from all OS curves for each scenario was: worst case 6 (5-7), lower typical 12 (10-13), upper typical 36 (31-41) and best case 56 (47-60). Simple multiples of the median OS provided accurate estimates of the worst case in 75% of curves, lower typical in 97%, upper typical in 96% and best case in 96%. OS was longer in trials with a higher proportion of ER+ tumors (p=0.0018) and in trials of HER2+ women treated with trastuzumab (p=0.004). Conclusions: Worst, typical, and best case scenarios were remarkably consistent in a wide range of contemporary trials. Simple multiples of the median provided accurate estimates of these scenarios for most OS curves and are a good basis for discussing prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Two Cases of Total Blindness and Hydrocephalus Caused by Carcinomatous Meningitis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: Atsushi Naganuma, Sanae Uehara, Eri Hayashi, Takashi Hoshino, Tomohiro Kudo, Hitoshi Takagi, Hiroshi Ishihara, Kouji Ishiguro, Toshiyuki Tanaka, Takaaki Yoshida
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Serum HER2 extracellular domain (ECD) levels and efficacy of weekly (W) or every 3-weekly (q3W) paclitaxel (P) with or without trastuzumab (T) in patients (pts) with metastatic breast cancer (MBC): CALGB 150002/9840
Authors: A. D. Seidman, G. Broadwater, W. Carney, L. Dressler, D. Berry, L. Norton, C. Hudis, E. Winer, M. Ellis, L. Harris
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

558
P-207 Epidemiological and clinical aspects of colorectal cancer: The experience of a single institution in Algeria
Authors: B. Abdelkader El Hakim, F. Yahlali, R. Yaici, M. Abada, S. Aitkaci Ali, A. Khelladi, M. Benmouhoub, F. Smaili
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Abstract 4105: Increasing Contact Force Increases Lesion Size during Cryo-Ablation
Authors: Atsushi Ikeda, Hiroshi Nakagawa, Jan V Pitha, Steven Swank, Helen S Barold, Tushar Sharma, Warren M Jackman
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between electrode-tissue (ET) contact force and lesion size during cryo ablation for two cryo electrode lengths in both perpendicular and parallel orientations using the canine thigh muscle preparation. In 3 anesthetized dogs, the skin over the thigh muscle was incised and raised to form a cradle which was superfused with heparinized blood at 37°C. 10F catheters with 6.5 mm and 10 mm (8.5 mm exposed) cryo electrodes (CryoCor) were held perpendicular and parallel to the thigh muscle at 3 ET contact forces: 0 g (1mm above tissue with only ice ball contact); 2)10 –15g (Low Contact); and 30 –35 g (High Contact). Pulsatile blood flow (0.5 m/sec) was directed at the ablation site. Two cryo applications (− 90°C for 2 min) were delivered per dog for each of the 3 contact forces, at parallel and perpendicular orientations, for 6.5 and 10 mm electrodes (total 72 cryo). Temperatures were measured at the electrode and within the tissue at depths of 2, 4 and 6 mm. Lesion size was measured using nitroblue tetrazolium. Lesion depth and diameter increased with increasing ET contact force in both electrode orientations and both electrode sizes ( Fig ). Tissue temperatures (2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm depths) were significantly lower with ET contact (low and high), compared to no contact (0 g). Compared to 6.5 mm, the 10 mm electrode produced slightly greater lesion diameter in parallel orientation, but did not increase lesion depth. Cryo ablation without ET contact (only ice ball contact) produced little or no lesion. ET contact force facilitates cryo ablation. Ice ball contact alone is insufficient for lesion formation.
Pathological Diagnosis During Life in Patients With Primary Progressive Aphasia
Authors: John R. Hodges
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Case 18-1976
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Leonard Ellman, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Presentation of CaseA 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of renal disease.Ten years earlier mild hyperuricemia was found. Five years later he passed a renal stone. The urea nitrogen was 14 mg, the calcium 9.2 mg, and the uric acid 7.5 mg per 100 ml. During the four years before entry he had one episode of pain in the wrist and another of pain, swelling and redness of the great toe after minor trauma; there was no other history of joint pain.Nine months before admission he entered another hospital because of left renal colic. The . . .
Women’s, children’s, and adolescents’ health in humanitarian and other crises
Authors: Sarah Zeid, Kate Gilmore, Rajat Khosla, Heather Papowitz, Danielle Engel, Henia Dakkak, Njoki Rahab, Anita Sharma, Mollie Fair
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The worst rates of preventable mortality and morbidity among women, adolescents, and children occur in humanitarian and other crises. <b>Sarah Zeid and colleagues</b> discuss the specific attention that is needed for women, adolescents, and children in crises and fragile settings
Phase I study of evofosfamide, an investigational hypoxia‐activated prodrug, in patients with advanced leukemia
Authors: Talha Badar, Damian R. Handisides, Juliana M. Benito, Mary Ann Richie, Gautam Borthakur, Elias Jabbour, Karine Harutyunyan, Sergej Konoplev, Stefan Faderl, Stew Kroll, Michael Andreeff, Tillman Pearce, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Jorge E. Cortes, Deborah A. Thomas, Marina Konopleva
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Tumor hypoxia causes resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. Evofosfamide (TH-302) has exhibited specific hypoxia-dependent cytotoxicity against primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) samples in vitro. Based on these findings, a Phase I study of evofosfamide was designed for patients with relapsed/refractory leukemia (NCT01149915). In this open-label study, patients were treated with evofosfamide as a 30-60 min/day infusion on Days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle (Arm A, n = 38) or as a continuous infusion over 120 hr over Days 1-5 of a 21-day cycle (Arm B, n = 11). Forty-nine patients were treated including 39 (80%) with AML and 9 (18%) with ALL. Patients had received a median of five prior therapies. In Arm A, the dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were grade 3 esophagitis, observed at a dose of 550 mg/m(2) . The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was a daily dose of 460 mg/m(2) . In Arm B, the DLTs were grade 3 stomatitis and hyperbilirubinemia, observed at a daily dose of 460 mg/m(2) . The continuous infusion MTD was a daily dose of 330 mg/m(2) . Hypoxia markers HIF-1α and CAIX were highly expressed in leukemic bone marrow and were significantly reduced after evofosfamide therapy. The combined overall response rate in Arms A and B was 6% (2 CR/CRi and 1 PR), with all responses seen in Arm A. Evofosfamide has shown limited activity in heavily pretreated leukemia patients. Further evaluation investigating evofosfamide in combination with cytotoxic or demethylating agents is warranted. Am. J. Hematol. 91:800-805, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Delayed globin synthesis leads to excess heme and the macrocytic anemia of Diamond Blackfan anemia and del(5q) myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Zhantao Yang, Siobán B. Keel, Akiko Shimamura, Li Liu, Aaron T. Gerds, Henry Y. Li, Brent L. Wood, Bart L. Scott, Janis L. Abkowitz
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

When heme synthesis exceeds globin synthesis, red blood cell differentiation fails, resulting in severe anemia.
Fruit and vegetable consumption in adolescence and early adulthood and risk of breast cancer: population based cohort study
Authors: Maryam S Farvid, Wendy Y Chen, Karin B Michels, Eunyoung Cho, Walter C Willett, A Heather Eliassen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To evaluate the association between fruit and vegetable intake during adolescence and early adulthood and risk of breast cancer. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Prospective cohort study. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;Health professionals in the United States. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;90 476 premenopausal women aged 27-44 from the Nurses' Health Study II who completed a questionnaire on diet in 1991 as well as 44 223 of those women who completed a questionnaire about their diet during adolescence in 1998. <b>Main outcome measure</b>&nbsp;Incident cases of invasive breast cancer, identified through self report and confirmed by pathology report. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;There were 3235 cases of invasive breast cancer during follow-up to 2013. Of these, 1347 cases were among women who completed a questionnaire about their diet during adolescence (ages 13-18). Total fruit consumption during adolescence was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer. The hazard ratio was 0.75 (95% confidence interval 0.62 to 0.90; P=0.01 for trend) for the highest (median intake 2.9 servings/day) versus the lowest (median intake 0.5 serving/day) fifth of intake. The association for fruit intake during adolescence was independent of adult fruit intake. There was no association between risk and total fruit intake in early adulthood and total vegetable intake in either adolescence or early adulthood. Higher early adulthood intake of fruits and vegetables rich in α carotene was associated with lower risk of premenopausal breast cancer. The hazard ratio was 0.82 (0.70 to 0.96) for the highest fifth (median intake 0.5 serving/day) versus the lowest fifth (median intake 0.03 serving/day) intake. The association with adolescent fruit intake was stronger for both estrogen and progesterone receptor negative cancers than estrogen and progesterone receptor positive cancers (P=0.02 for heterogeneity). For individual fruits and vegetables, greater consumption of apple, banana, and grapes during adolescence and oranges and kale during early adulthood was significantly associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Fruit juice intake in adolescence or early adulthood was not associated with risk. <b>Conclusion</b>&nbsp;There is an association between higher fruit intake and lower risk of breast cancer. Food choices during adolescence might be particularly important.
Managing Chronic Kidney Disease in Older People—Reply
Authors: Richard J. Glassock, Pierre Delanaye, Meguid El-Nahas
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pharmacologic Thromboprophylaxis Is Frequently Prescribed In Hospitalized Cancer Patients At Academic Medical Centers: A Prospective, Cross-Sectional, Multi-Center Study
Authors: Adam A. Rojan, Nadia Q. Rehman, Renee E. Funches, Federico Campigotto, Jonathan Webster, Gregory C. Connolly, Anita Aggarwal, Dalia Mobarek, Donna S. Neuberg, Ted Wun, Frederick Rickles, Michael B. Streiff, Alok A. Khorana, Jeffrey I. Zwicker
Journal: Blood (2013)
Incidence and familial risk of pleural mesothelioma in Sweden: a national cohort study
Authors: Jianguang Ji, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Familial clustering of pleural mesothelioma was reported previously, but none of the reports quantified the familial risk of mesothelioma or the association with other cancers. The contributions of shared environmental or genetic factors to the aggregation of mesothelioma were unknown. We used a number of Swedish registers, including the Swedish Multigeneration Register and the Swedish Cancer Register, to examine the familial risk of mesothelioma in offspring. Standardised incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to calculate the risk. Age standardised incidence rates of mesothelioma were calculated from the Swedish Cancer Registry. The incidence of mesothelioma reached its peak rate in 2000 and decreased thereafter. Risk of mesothelioma was significantly increased when parents or siblings were diagnosed with mesothelioma, with SIRs of 3.88 (95% CI 1.01–10.04) and 12.37 (95% CI 5.89–22.84), respectively. Mesothelioma was associated with kidney (SIR 2.13, 95% CI 1.16–3.59) and bladder cancers (SIR 2.09, 95% CI 1.32–3.14) in siblings. No association was found between spouses. Family history of mesothelioma, including both parental and sibling history, is an important risk factor for mesothelioma. Shared genetic factors may contribute to the observed familial clustering of mesothelioma, but the contribution of shared environmental factors could not be neglected. The association with kidney and bladder cancers calls for further study to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Allopurinol and the risk of atrial fibrillation in the elderly: a study using Medicare data
Authors: Jasvinder A Singh, Shaohua Yu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

To assess the effect of allopurinol use on the risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in the elderly.We used the 5% random Medicare Claims data from 2006 to 2012 to examine the association of allopurinol use and incident AF in a cohort of patients with an absence of AF at baseline (at least 365 days). Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses compared allopurinol exposed and non-exposed periods for the risk of AF, controlling for age, sex, race, Charlson-Romano comorbidity index and use of statins, diuretics, ACE inhibitors and β-blockers. HR with 95% CIs was calculated. Sensitivity analyses considered a longer baseline period (365 days vs 183 days) and individual comorbidities.There were 9244 episodes of incident allopurinol use in 8569 beneficiaries, of which 1366 episodes (14.8%) had incident AF. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, allopurinol use was associated with an HR of 0.83 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.93) for incident AF. In a separate multivariable-adjusted model, compared with no allopurinol use, longer allopurinol use durations were associated with a lower HR of AF: 180 days-2 years, 0.85 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.99) and >2 years, 0.65 (95% CI 0.52 to 0.82). Other factors significantly associated with a higher hazard of AF were: age 75-<85 years and ≥85 years, higher Charlson index score and current β-blocker use. Sensitivity analyses confirmed these findings with minimal/no attenuation of HRs.Allopurinol use was associated with a reduced risk of incident AF in the elderly, especially its use for >6 months duration. Future studies should assess the mechanisms underlying this beneficial effect of allopurinol.
Case 25-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Eric G. L. Bywaters, Karl H. Proppe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 15-month-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of a swollen knee.She was delivered by cesarean section at 35 weeks of a second pregnancy, both of which were complicated by preeclampsia. Her birth weight was 2.8 kg. The bilirubin level was elevated; an umbilical catheter was inserted, and phototherapy was given. She was discharged at 10 days. The child's general health was good until seven months before admission, when diarrhea occurred and persisted for one month. Four months before entry an episode of pneumonia was treated with erythromycin, followed by ampicillin. Bilateral otitis media developed, . . .
Frequency and Impact of Molecular Response’s with Nilotinib (Tasigna) in Patients (Pts) with Newly Diagnosed Philadelphia Chromosome (Ph)-Positive Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia in Early Chronic Phase (CML-CP)
Authors: Naval Daver, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien, Elias Jabbour, Sherry Pierce, Miranda Lim, Gautam Borthakur, Naveen Pemmaraju, Marina Konopleva, Courtney D. DiNardo, Farhad Ravandi, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Jorge E. Cortes
Journal: Blood (2014)
In Memoriam: Christopher E. Desch, MD
Authors: Rodger J. Winn
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

It is easy to measure the loss of Dr. Christopher Desch by recounting his considerable accomplishments: the seminal studies in cancer-related health services research during his early years at the Medical College of Virginia, the clinical research programs he began in the Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) and private practice venues, the leadership position he held in an exemplary oncology practice, the pre-eminent positions he held in ASCO.If I had to point to one achievement that epitomized his career, it would be the rural oncology program he initiated and still staffed, bringing expert oncologic care to all reaches of country-side Virginia.We at NCCN can especially single out the benefits we accrued from Chris's all-too-short tenure as medical director: launching a quality measure program, strengthening the guidelines process, and helping refine JNCCN itself.But, professional accomplishments aside, it is the man we miss and mourn.Chris, the man, brought to each of his endeavors a quality we see too infrequently in today's hard-edged, increasingly corporate world of oncology practice-zeal.And it was zeal committed to one principle, one goal: getting better care for cancer patients.Although his manner was soft-spoken and self-effacing, Chris' passion shone forth.He had an underlying steely determination to raise standards at all levels of care.His probing questions, often astonishing insights, and outside-the-box thinking forced discussions to higher levels.His remarkable people skills allowed him to simultaneously ruffle and smooth feathers, ultimately driving his colleagues to accept his principles and become co-aspirers.Quality of care was not a niche, it was a raison d'etre.Chris, the man, was a good man, and a good friend.But even without the man among us, the zeal endures.Those of us who knew Chris and were touched by this remarkable man, now carry his legacy.We will endeavor to be worthy.
Who Should Be Screened for Lung Cancer? And Who Gets to Decide?
Authors: Michael K. Gould
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Screening for lung cancer has come of age at a time when traditional approaches to mass screening are being challenged.1 For some cancers, physicians are moving slowly from a paternalistic model in which screening is considered mandatory for any patient who belongs to a defined high-risk group, to a newer patient-centered model in which the decision to screen is individualized and informed by a detailed discussion of potential benefits and harms. Conversations about cancer screening increasingly occur in the context of personalized medicine, individualized risk assessment, and shared decision making.
Primary Pulmonary Artery Sarcoma on Dual-Time Point FDG PET/CT Imaging
Authors: Juan Li, Qian Zhao, Lirong He, Xiaoqing Zhuang, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 59-year-old man presented cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath for 2 weeks and fever for 4 days. A contrast chest CT revealed a large right pulmonary artery filling defect, suggestive of pulmonary embolism that failed to respond to anticoagulation therapy. FDG PET/CT was performed to evaluate possible malignancy, which revealed intense activity in the right main pulmonary artery without any extrathoracic abnormality. The ratio of the SUVmax of this lesion to the liver was significantly increased in the delayed PET images. The pathological examination demonstrated primary pulmonary artery sarcoma.
Abstract 13664: Diabetes Mellitus May Not be a Risk of Ischemic Stroke in Japanese Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: From The Fushimi Af Registry
Authors: Mitsuru Ishii, Hisashi Ogawa, Moritake Iguchi, Nobutoyo Masunaga, Masahiro Esato, Yeong-Hwa Chun, Hiromichi Wada, Koji Hasegawa, Mitsuru Abe, Masaharu Akao
Journal: Circulation (2013)