tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Survival study of neoadjuvant versus adjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel combined carboplatin in resectable stage IB to IIIA non-small lung cancer.
Authors: Xue-Ning Yang, Gang Cheng, Xiao-song Ben, Hong-He Luo, Chang-li Wang, Wenzhao Zhong, Di Ge, Gui-bin Qiao, Zheng Wang, Yang Shentu, Jie Yang, Hong hong Yan, Yi Long Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

7537 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care for completely resected stage 2-3 non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). A few trials suggest neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a promising mode for resectable NSCLC. Indirect comparison meta-analysis of adjuvant versus neoadjuvant therapy showed no difference in survival. This study was conducted to determine whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy prolongs disease-free survival among patients with resectable NSCLC. Methods: Patients with clinical stage IB-IIIA NSCLC were eligible. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 cycles of neoadjuvant DC (Docetaxel: 75mg/m2, Carboplatin :AUC=5 on day 1 every 3wk),followed by surgery 3-6 wk after chemotherapy, or surgery followed by 3 cycles of adjuvant DC at the same schedule. The primary end point was 3 years Disease Free Survival(DFS); secondary end points were 3 years Overall Survival rate (OS) and Safety. Planned sample size is 410. Results: Between March 2006 and May 2011, 198 patients have been accrued, 97 in the neoadjuvant arm, 101 in the adjuvant arm. The neoadjuvant arm had more patients received chemotherapy( 100% v.s 85.1%, P&lt;0.001 ) and received 3 cycles( 91.8% v.s82.6%, P=0.061) than adjuvant arm. Both arms are well tolerated to DC chemotherapy. The most common grade 3/4 adverse event is neutropenia (41.2% with neoadjuvant arm v.s 31.7% with adjuvant arm). One chemotherapy related death in adjuvant arm. One patient die of perioperative pulmonary embolism in neoadjuvant arm. No difference in peri-operative complication between two arms. The 3 years DFS was 45% in the neoadjuvant arm and 53% in the adjuvant arm, HR=0.88 (0.58-1.33), P=0.54. Median survival has not been reached in both arms. Conclusions: Neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel plus carboplatin in resectable clinical stage IB-IIIA NSCLC is feasible and safe. Preliminary results show similar 3 years DFS in both arms. The OS data has not matured in both arms. Clinical trial information: NCT00321334.
How we know what we (think we) know.
Authors: R E Wittes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.6.827 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3711959 How we know what we (think we) know. R E WittesxR E WittesSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.6.827 First Page PDF © 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Adrenal vein sampling versus CT scan to determine treatment in primary aldosteronism: an outcome-based randomised diagnostic trial
Authors: Tanja Dekkers, Aleksander Prejbisz, Leo J Schultze Kool, Hans J M M Groenewoud, Marieke Velema, Wilko Spiering, Sylwia Kołodziejczyk-Kruk, Mark Arntz, Jacek Kądziela, Johannes F Langenhuijsen, Michiel N Kerstens, Anton H van den Meiracker, Bert-Jan van den Born, Fred C G J Sweep, Ad R M M Hermus, Andrzej Januszewicz, Alike F Ligthart-Naber, Peter Makai, Gert-Jan van der Wilt, Jacques W M Lenders, Jaap Deinum
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2016)
Vaccination against measles.
Authors: M PONTECORVO
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersSurgical " Chest": Risk of postoperative chest complication is increased with age and history of respiratory disease.Prophylactic antibiotics reduced incidence of complications by more than half (p. 401).Malnutrition and Infection: About half the children admitted to research unit in Kampala, Uganda, with severe malnutrition had an acute bacterial infection (p.407).Chronic Dialysis: Peritoneal dialysis for two to seven months kept 25 out of 27 patients sufficiently healthy for kidney transplant to be carried out subsequently (p.409).Report of satisfactory use of arteriovenous fistulae in six patients on long-term haemodialysis (p.414).Psoriasis and Skin Infection: No evidence that psoriatic plaques are more selectively colonized with Staph.aureus than normal skin (p.417).Stokes-Adams Attacks: Assessment of patients' suitability for long-acting oral isoprenaline made by intravenous injection, and found to be most accurate when atrioventricular block was com- plete.In incomplete block no accurate prediction could be made (p.419).Treating Hypertension: Amiloride hydrochloride found to have a mild non-postural hypotensive effect, similar to hydrochlorothiazide (p.422).Test for Cervical Cancer: Using measurement of phosphogluconate dehydrogenase activity in vaginal washings (p.424).Jaundice and Pregnancy: In two patients infec- tious hepatitis resulted in stillbirths (p.426).Hepatic Cirrhosis: Presentation and treatment discussed by Dr. A. E. Read in his Current Practice article (p. 427).Today's Drugs: Metoclopramide (p.431).General-practitioner Hospital Bed Unit: Experience at East Birmingham Hospital sug- gests that a unit of this type would increase the attractiveness of general practice (p.436).Value of general-practitioner maternity units emphasized by Dr.
The prognostic value of rapid screening tests (RST) in geriatric assessment of patients with cancer over 70.
Authors: Antonio Bononi, Alessandro Inno, Massimo Borghi, Paolo Tesi, Carmen Barile, Giorgio Crepaldi, Daniela Menon, Yasmina Modena, Anna Paola Fraccon, Milena Gusella, Guido Raschella', Felice Pasini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

9554 Background: Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) may help to evaluate the functional status of elderly patients, but, because time-consuming, RST have been proposed. However, whether these instruments may predict survival is still unclear. The aim of this study was to correlate overall survival (OS) with the results of 3 rapid tests: G8 (1), VES-13 (2, aCGA (3) in patients over 70. Methods: From April 2009 to April 2012, 530 unelected outpatients over 70, 263 males and 267 females, were evaluated. During the first oncologic visit, they were homogeneously assessed by a trained oncogeriatric team using a dedicated, expressly developed web-based software (www: oncoger.ro.it) including all of the 3 rapid tests. Survival curves were drawn using Kaplan-Meier method and compared with log rank test; multivariate analysis was performed according to Cox regression method. Results: The tests identified frail patients as follows: VES-13 69%, aCGA 50%, G8 68.5%. Frailty was significantly associated with poor OS, with different hazard ratios (HR) for each test. HRs for death of frail vs non-frail pts were for aCGA 1.45 (95%CI 1.09-1.89, p=0.008), for VES-13 1.55 (95%CI 1.12-2.00, p=0.005) and for G8 2.57 (95%CI 1.66-2.93, p&lt;0.0001). In the multivariate analysis including the 8 items of the G8 test, appetite loss (HR 1.44, p=0.002), weight loss (HR 1.28, p=0.003), and personal perception of poor health (HR 1.58, p=0.002) were significantly associated with a higher risk of death. Conclusions: i) Frailty, as identified by RST (VES-13, aCGA, G8), is statistically associated with poor OS; ii) G8 presents the most meaningful HR for OS; iii) appetite loss, weight loss and personal perception of poor health are significantly associated with lower OS.Our data show that RST and in particular G8 represent a useful prognostic tool for the assessment of geriatric patients with cancer.
Lack of immunological DNA sensing in hepatocytes facilitates hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: Martin K. Thomsen, Ramya Nandakumar, Daniela Stadler, Antje Malo, Roser Marin Valls, Fan Wang, Line S. Reinert, Frederik Dagnæs‐Hansen, Anne Kruse Hollensen, Jacob Giehm Mikkelsen, Ulrike Protzer, Søren R. Paludan
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major human pathogen, and about one third of the global population will be exposed to the virus in their lifetime. HBV infects hepatocytes, where it replicates its DNA and infection can lead to acute and chronic hepatitis with a high risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite this, there is limited understanding of how HBV establishes chronic infections. In recent years it has emerged that foreign DNA potently stimulates the innate immune response, particularly type 1 interferon (IFN) production; and this occurs through a pathway dependent on the DNA sensor cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase and the downstream adaptor protein stimulator of IFN genes (STING). In this work we describe that human and murine hepatocytes do not express STING. Consequently, hepatocytes do not produce type 1 IFN in response to foreign DNA or HBV infection and mice lacking STING or cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase exhibit unaltered ability to control infection in an adenovirus-HBV model. Stimulation of IFN production in the murine liver by administration of synthetic RNA decreases virus infection, thus demonstrating that IFN possesses anti-HBV activity in the liver. Importantly, introduction of STING expression specifically in hepatocytes reconstitutes the DNA sensing pathway, which leads to improved control of HBV in vivo.The lack of a functional innate DNA-sensing pathway in hepatocytes hampers efficient innate control of HBV infection; this may explain why HBV has adapted to specifically replicate in hepatocytes and could contribute to the weak capacity of this cell type to clear HBV infection. (Hepatology 2016;64:746-759).
Altered Microbiota Contributes to Reduced Diet-Induced Obesity upon Cold Exposure
Authors: Marika Ziętak, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary, Lidia H. Markiewicz, Marcus Ståhlman, Leslie P. Kozak, Fredrik Bäckhed
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2016)

Maintenance of body temperature in cold-exposed animals requires induction of thermogenesis and management of fuel. Here, we demonstrated that reducing ambient temperature attenuated diet-induced obesity (DIO), which was associated with increased iBAT thermogenesis and a plasma bile acid profile similar to that of germ-free mice. We observed a marked shift in the microbiome composition at the phylum and family levels within 1 day of acute cold exposure and after 4 weeks at 12°C. Gut microbiota was characterized by increased levels of Adlercreutzia, Mogibacteriaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Desulfovibrio and reduced levels of Bacilli, Erysipelotrichaceae, and the genus rc4-4. These genera have been associated with leanness and obesity, respectively. Germ-free mice fed a high-fat diet at room temperature gained less adiposity and improved glucose tolerance when transplanted with caecal microbiota of mice housed at 12°C compared to mice transplanted with microbiota from 29°C. Thus, a microbiota-liver-BAT axis may mediate protection against obesity at reduced temperature.
Mental health care providers: not the only cause or only cure for rising costs
Authors: A Beigel, S S Sharfstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The providers of mental health care have been the focus of blame for the increases in the cost of financing this care. The authors point out that the role of these providers cannot be isolated from the types of services they provide, where they are provided, to whom, and how much care is made available. They recommend that professionals and third-party payers work together on these variables and determine how best to contain the cost of the most appropriate mental health care.
The Adaptation of Additional Lines of NCTC Clone 929 (Strain L) Cells to Chemically Defined Protein-Free Medium NCTC 109&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W T McQUILKIN, V J EVANS, W R EARLE
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article The Adaptation of Additional Lines of NCTC Clone 929 (Strain L) Cells to Chemically Defined Protein-Free Medium NCTC 109 Get access William T. McQuilkin, William T. McQuilkin Tissue Culture Section, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute3, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Virginia J. Evans, Virginia J. Evans Tissue Culture Section, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute3, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilton R. Earle Wilton R. Earle Tissue Culture Section, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute3, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 5, November 1957, Pages 885–907, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.5.885 Published: 01 November 1957 Article history Received: 21 May 1957 Published: 01 November 1957
Thyroid indices in panic disorder
Authors: M B Stein, T W Uhde
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors compared indices of thyroid function in 26 patients with panic disorder and 26 closely matched control subjects. No significant differences in T3, T4, free T4, thyrotropin, or thyroxine-binding globulin were found between the two groups. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
A favorable response to lithium carbonate in a "schizo-affective" father and son
Authors: D E Reiser, A B Willett
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

It has recently been suggested that patients with mania are often misdiagnosed as having schizophrenia. The authors report a favorable clinical response to lithium carbonate in a father and son with an apparent schizo-affective syndromes may respond favorably to lithium but caution that a favorable response in such cases does not absolutely confirm a diagnosis of mania.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Ridgefield Landscape&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rituximab maintenance versus observation alone in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia who respond to first-line or second-line rituximab-containing chemoimmunotherapy: final results of the AGMT CLL-8a Mabtenance randomised trial
Authors: Richard Greil, Petra Obrtlíková, Lukáš Smolej, Tomáš Kozák, Michael Steurer, Johannes Andel, Sonja Burgstaller, Eva Mikušková, Liana Gercheva, Thomas Nösslinger, Tomáš Papajík, Miriam Ladická, Michael Girschikofsky, Mikuláš Hrubiško, Ulrich Jäger, Michael Fridrik, Martin Pecherstorfer, Eva Králiková, Cristina Burcoveanu, Emil Spasov, Andreas Petzer, Georgi Mihaylov, Julian Raynov, Horst Oexle, August Zabernigg, Emília Flochová, Stanislav Palášthy, Olga Stehlíková, Michael Doubek, Petra Altenhofer, Lisa Pleyer, Thomas Melchardt, Anton Klingler, Jiří Mayer, Alexander Egle
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2016)
Contributory negligence. 3
Authors: A. R. Holder
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cimetidine and duodenal ulcer.
Authors: K Nordgård
Journal: BMJ (1979)

had no hyperacidic peptic ulceration.As regards the second patient, simply oversewing perforations leads to further surgery in 20% of cases in five years.This is extremely rarely required within two months.2The occurrence and timing of recurrence of ulceration in both cases strongly suggests that cimetidine treatment or its withdrawal was implicated.When H2-blockade of acid-secreting cells is withdrawn, it is more likely to lead to excessive sensitivity to normal stimuli than to hyperplasia.
Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C with Interferon Alfa-2b
Authors: Hilary K Seligman, Rena K Fox
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

BackgroundIn people who are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), chronic infection often develops and is difficult to eradicate.We sought to determine whether treatment during the acute phase could prevent the development of chronic infection.Methods Between 1998 and 2001, we identified 44 patients throughout Germany who had acute hepatitis C. Patients received 5 million U of interferon alfa-2b subcutaneously daily for 4 weeks and then three times per week for another 20 weeks.Serum HCV RNA levels were measured before and during therapy and 24 weeks after the end of therapy. ResultsThe mean age of the 44 patients was 36 years; 25 were women.Nine became infected with HCV through intravenous drug use, 14 through a needle-stick injury, 7 through medical procedures, and 10 through sexual contact; the mode of infection could not be determined in 4. The average time from infection to the first signs or symptoms of hepatitis was 54 days, and the average time from infection until the start of therapy was 89 days.At the end of both therapy and follow-up, 43 patients (98 percent) had undetectable levels of HCV RNA in serum and normal serum alanine aminotransferase levels.Levels of HCV RNA became undetectable after an average of 3.2 weeks of treatment.Therapy was well tolerated in all but one patient, who stopped therapy after 12 weeks because of side effects. ConclusionsTreatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alfa-2b prevents chronic infection.
Fast Sequences of Non-spatial State Representations in Humans
Authors: Zeb Kurth-Nelson, Marcos Economides, Raymond J. Dolan, Peter Dayan
Journal: Neuron (2016)

Fast internally generated sequences of neural representations are suggested to support learning and online planning. However, these sequences have only been studied in the context of spatial tasks and never in humans. Here, we recorded magnetoencephalography (MEG) while human subjects performed a novel non-spatial reasoning task. The task required selecting paths through a set of six visual objects. We trained pattern classifiers on the MEG activity elicited by direct presentation of the visual objects alone and tested these classifiers on activity recorded during periods when no object was presented. During these object-free periods, the brain spontaneously visited representations of approximately four objects in fast sequences lasting on the order of 120 ms. These sequences followed backward trajectories along the permissible paths in the task. Thus, spontaneous fast sequential representation of states can be measured non-invasively in humans, and these sequences may be a fundamental feature of neural computation across tasks.
Evaluating AIDS Prevention Programs, Expanded Edition
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

The National Research Council Panel on the Evaluation of AIDS Interventions follows its 1st edition of recommended strategies for evaluating 3 major US Center for Disease Control (CDC) AIDS prevention programs with more recommendations.  The panel emphasizes that prevention requires life long behavioral changes so program design implementation and evaluation should not be considered in the short term.  It advocates research strategies (formative process and outcome evaluation) that entail major investments of talent time planning and money which even though are costly will make future evaluations easier and less costly.  It is important the CDC clearly define program objectives in terms of measurable outcomes to test the effectiveness of programs.  The panel stresses behavioral outcomes as the primary outcome variables for most AIDS intervention programs.  Before launching a national AIDS media campaign or a new community bases organization (CBO) approach CDC should test a proposed campaign or CBO program in several randomly selected test market areas and compare these results with results from areas where the campaign was not aired or the CBO program was not operational.  CDC should evaluate a selected sample of CBO projects and have all CBOs submit administrative reports to CDC periodically.  The panel believes it is unethical to use no treatment control groups to evaluate the effects of HIV testing and counseling.  Researchers should instead conduct randomized experiments with alternative treatment controls.  Indeed randomized experiments for evaluating any AIDS prevention activity avoids selection bias and should be the backbone of any evaluation strategy.  To avoid the difficulties of comparing data from any studies when the definitions specifications of variables and other factors differ the panel recommends subsets of common data elements be repeated across studies.
The psychiatrist as legal guardian
Authors: R M Wettstein, L H Roth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Most discussions about legal guardianship pertain to special populations, such as the mentally retarded or demented. Except for the case of refusal of antipsychotic medication, little has been written about using guardianship to authorize nonemergency treatment for a person who is mentally ill and treatable. The authors present several cases in which a consulting or administrative psychiatrist served as a temporary guardian for a hospitalized patient's personal affairs. The psychiatrist-guardian authorized diagnostic procedures or ECT for the temporarily incompetent patient and was then discharged as guardian. The authors discuss the problems and limitations of such a role for the psychiatrist.