tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enrollment Trends and Disparity Among Patients With Lung Cancer in National Clinical Trials, 1990 to 2012
Authors: Herbert H. Pang, Xiaofei Wang, Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Melisa L. Wong, Perry Cheng, Apar Kishor Ganti, Daniel J. Sargent, Ying Zhang, Chen Hu, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, Mary W. Redman, Judith B. Manola, Richard L. Schilsky, Harvey J. Cohen, Jeffrey D. Bradley, Alex A. Adjei, David Gandara, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Everett E. Vokes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Under-representation of elderly, women, and racial/ethnic minority patients with cancer in clinical trials is of national concern. The goal of this study was to characterize enrollment trends and disparities by age, sex, and race/ethnicity in lung cancer trials. Methods We analyzed data for 23,006 National Cancer Institute cooperative group lung cancer trial participants and 578,476 patients with lung cancer from the SEER registry from 1990 to 2012. The enrollment disparity difference (EDD) and enrollment disparity ratio (EDR) were calculated on the basis of the proportion of each subgroup in the trial population and the US lung cancer population. Annual percentage changes (APCs) in the subgroup proportions in each population were compared over time. Results Enrollment disparity for patients ≥ 70 years of age with non-small-cell lung cancer improved from 1990 to 2012 (test of parallelism, P = .020), with a remaining EDD of 0.22 (95% CI, 0.19 to 0.25) and EDR of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.51 to 1.82) in 2010 to 2012. No improvement was seen for elderly patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), with an APC of 0.20 ( P = .714) among trial participants, despite a rising proportion of elderly patients with SCLC in the US population (APC, 0.32; P = .020). Enrollment disparity for women with lung cancer improved overall, with the gap closing by 2012 (EDD, 0.03 [95% CI, 0.00 to 0.06]; EDR, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.16]). Enrollment disparities persisted without significant improvement for elderly women, blacks, Asians/Pacific Islanders, and Hispanics. Conclusion Under-representation in lung cancer trials improved significantly from 1990 to 2012 for elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer and for women, but ongoing efforts to improve the enrollment of elderly patients with SCLC and minorities are needed. Our study highlights the importance of addressing enrollment disparities by demographic and disease subgroups to better target under-represented groups of patients with lung cancer.
Abstract 3109: Immediate Outcomes and Complications of Percutaneous Aortic Valvuloplasty: Inoue Anterograde Transseptal versus Conventional Retrograde Approach
Authors: Rakesh Gupta, Javier Moreiras, Rodrigo Lago, Hani Jneid, Jean-Pierre Awaida, Andrew Maree, Kenneth Rosenfield, Ignacio Inglessis, Eugene Pomerantsev, Igor Palacios
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Portal Hypertensive Enteropathy is not Related to Portal Hypertension Severity in Patients with Cirrhosis
Authors: J. Gomez, P. Menchen, O. Nogales, A. Huerta, D. Rincon, M. Puerto, L. Ibañez, C. Gonzalez-Asanza, R. Bañares
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Liver-Infiltrating B Cells Produce Autoantibodies that Point toward Novel Autoantigens in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
Authors: B.K. Chung, G. Udatha, A. Pharo, M. Taussig, C. Fonseca, O. Stoevesandt, A. Mehta, F. Lund-Johansen, G.M. Hirschfield, T.H. Karlsen, E. Liaskou
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
What is in a name? Quite possibly public safety
Authors: Emma K Stokes
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

A few weeks ago I read an article in a national newspaper where an individual was described as a ‘physio’ and a ‘physical therapist’ in the context of a national Olympic team. In reading this description, one would assume that the person in question was a physiotherapist or physical therapist with a recognised professional qualification, registered with a regulatory authority. Not so in Ireland, where the Minister for Health has yet to protect both the titles of physiotherapist and physical therapist in the interest of public safety. Currently, anyone can call themselves a physiotherapist, physio or physical therapist and have no qualification whatsoever. This may also be the case in any part of the world where regulation of the profession does not exist.

The professional title and term used to describe the profession's practice varies and depends largely on the historical roots of the profession in the country. The World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT) is the global professional representative organisation for the professions and has 112 member organisations. WCPT claims exclusivity to …
Disease-specific prognostic factors for outcome of patients with poor-risk Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia, treated with intensive antileukemic therapy
Authors: M Oosterveld, S Suciu, P Muus, Michel Delforge, A Belhabri, C Aul, D Selleslag, A Ferrant, JP Marie, S Amadori, U Jehn, F Mandelli, U Hess, E Helstrom-Lindberg, B Labar, F Beeldens, R Willemze, TM De Witte
Journal: Blood (2003)
Timing of Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury—Reply
Authors: Alexander Zarbock, John A. Kellum
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sodium Phenylbutyrate Administration to Avoid Neurological Worsening in Cirrhotic Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy Admitted in ICU
Authors: S. Tripon, M. Mallet, M. Lodey, E. Guiller, M. Rudler, S. Mouri, N. Weiss, D. Thabut
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Sex Differences in 1-Year Mortality Following Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Jeffrey S Berger, Laine E Elliott, L. Kristin Newby, Matthew Roe, Christopher B Granger, Paul W Armstrong, R. John Simes, Harvey D White, Frans Van de Werf, Judith S Hochman, Eric J Topol, Robert A Harrington, Robert M Califf, Pamela S Douglas
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Hypoxia Accelerates Fatty Acid Uptake Leading to Increased Fat Accumulation in Mice and in Cultured Human Hepatocyte-Derived Cells
Authors: A. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, G. Mateo, E. Rey, I. Soro-Arnaiz, M. Capelli-Torres, A. Elorza, J. Aragones, C. Garcia-Monzon
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
The High Blood Pressure-Malaria Protection Hypothesis
Authors: Julio Gallego-Delgado, Thomas Walther, Ana Rodriguez
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

A recently proposed hypothesis states that malaria may contribute to hypertension in endemic areas,1 but the role of angiotensin II (Ang II), a major regulator of blood pressure, was not considered. Elevated levels of Ang II may confer protection against malaria morbidity and mortality, providing an alternative explanation for hypertension in malaria endemic areas.To discuss a possible alternative cause for hypertension in populations who have been under the selective pressure of malaria.We reviewed published scientific literature for studies that could establish a link between Ang II and malaria. Both genetic and functional studies suggested that high levels of Ang II may confer protection against cerebral malaria by strengthening the integrity of the endothelial brain barrier. We also describe strong experimental evidence supporting our hypothesis through genetic, functional, and interventional studies.A causal association between high levels of Ang II and protection from malaria pathogenesis can provide a likely explanation for the increased prevalence in hypertension observed in populations of African and South Asian origin. Furthermore, this potential causative connection might also direct unique approaches for the effective treatment of cerebral malaria.
Abstract 15997: The Effect of Combined Statin/Fibrate Therapy on Cardiovascular Disease is Influenced by Sex and Dyslipidemia: ACCORDION-Lipid Long-Term Follow-up
Authors: Marshall B Elam, Laura C Lovato, Henry N Ginsberg
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: In the long-term ACCORD-Lipid trial of 5,518 high risk patients with type 2 diabetes, combined statin+fibrate therapy failed to reduce the composite outcome of nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), nonfatal stroke or cardiovascular (CV) death. Pre-specified subgroup analyses identified heterogeneity in treatment effect according to gender, with a benefit for men and possible harm for women, and possible benefit for patients with both high triglyceride and low HDL-C at baseline. At trial end, 4,644 ACCORD-Lipid Trial participants consented to be followed post-trial in the passive ACCORD Follow-On (ACCORDION) Study. Hypothesis: Does a therapeutic strategy that initially used a fibrate to raise HDL-C/lower triglyceride levels and a statin for treatment of LDL-C for a mean of almost 5 years reduce the long-term (mean 9+ years) risk of major CVD events after 4+ more years of follow-up compared to a strategy that only used a statin for treatment of LDL-C? Results: During about 9 years of follow-up (from ACCORD randomization to the end of ACCORDION), the hazard ratios between participants originally randomized to statin+fibrate versus statin alone were 0.93 (0.83-1.05 95%CI, p=0.25) for the primary outcome (nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke or CV death); 0.94 (0.84 -1.06, p=0.32) for all-cause mortality, 0.93 (0.78-1.10, p=0.37) for nonfatal MI, and 0.84 (0.69-1.01, p=0.07) for cardiovascular mortality. These hazards are similar to those observed during the trial portion of follow-up. The heterogeneity of response for gender and presence of dyslipidemia observed in ACCORD-LIPID continued to be observed after the addition of post-trial events during the extended follow-up period with hazard ratios of 0.84 (0.73-0.96) for men and 1.30 (1.01-17) for women (interaction P=0.003) and 0.73 (0.56-0.95) for dyslipidemic and 0.99 (0.86-1.13) for non-dyslipidemic subgroups (interaction P=0.048). Conclusions: Additional post-trial follow-up of ACCORD participants for a total of about 9 years of total follow-up did not alter the original ACCORD findings that in people with type 2 diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors, long-term treatment with a fibrate+statin (compared to a statin alone) did not reduce the rate of CV events or all-cause mortality.
Co-clinical Assessment of Tumor Cellularity in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Irina Heid, Katja Steiger, Marija Trajkovic-Arsic, Marcus Settles, Manuela R. Eßwein, Mert Erkan, Jörg Kleeff, Carsten Jäger, Helmut Friess, Bernhard Haller, Andreas Steingötter, Roland M. Schmid, Markus Schwaiger, Ernst J. Rummeny, Irene Esposito, Jens T. Siveke, Rickmer F. Braren
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Purpose: Tumor heterogeneity is a hallmark of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It determines tumor biology including tumor cellularity (i.e., amount of neoplastic cells and arrangement into clusters), which is related to the proliferative capacity and differentiation and the degree of desmoplasia among others. Given the close relation of tumor differentiation with differences in progression and therapy response or, e.g., the recently reported protective role of tumor stroma, we aimed at the noninvasive detection of PDAC groups, relevant for future personalized approaches. We hypothesized that histologic differences in PDAC tissue composition are detectable by the noninvasive diffusion weighted- (DW-) MRI-derived apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) parameter.Experimental design: PDAC cellularity was quantified histologically and correlated with the ADC parameter and survival in genetically engineered mouse models and human patients.Results: Histologic analysis showed an inverse relationship of tumor cellularity and stroma content. Low tumor cellularity correlated with a significantly prolonged mean survival time (PDAClow = 21.93 months vs. PDACmed = 12.7 months; log-rank P < 0.001; HR = 2.23; CI, 1.41-3.53). Multivariate analysis using the Cox regression method confirmed tumor cellularity as an independent prognostic marker (P = 0.034; HR = 1.73; CI, 1.04-2.89). Tumor cellularity showed a strong negative correlation with the ADC parameter in murine (r = -0.84; CI, -0.90- -0.75) and human (r = -0.79; CI, -0.90 to -0.56) PDAC and high preoperative ADC values correlated with prolonged survival (ADChigh = 41.7 months; ADClow = 14.77 months; log rank, P = 0.040) in PDAC patients.Conclusions: This study identifies high tumor cellularity as a negative prognostic factor in PDAC and supports the ADC parameter for the noninvasive identification of PDAC groups. Clin Cancer Res; 23(6); 1461-70. ©2016 AACR.
Comparison of Creatinine and Cystatin C Based Glomerular Filtration Rate Formulae with 51Chromium-EDTA clearance in Patients with Decompensated Cirrhosis
Authors: E. Cholongitas, I. Goulis, M. Ioannidou, S. Soulaidopoulos, P. Chalevas, E. Akriviadis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
P0431 : IL-4/IL-13 exacerbate liver fibrosis progression through alternatively activated macrophages
Authors: S.-Y. Weng, X.-Y. Wang, Y. Tang, Y.O. Kim, O. Molokanova, F. Brombacher, T. Bopp, H.-J. Schild, A. Waisman, D. Schuppan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Caspase-8 Deficiency Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis, but not Apoptosis in Alcoholic Liver Injury
Authors: F. Hao, F.J. Cubero, L. Liao, P. Ramadori, U. Haas, D. Lambertz, N. Gassler, M. Hoss, K. Streetz, J. Reissing, H.W. Zimmermann, C. Trautwein, C. Liedtke, Y.A. Nevzorova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
High Expression of CXCR4 Impairs Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibody (Rituximab)-Dependent Cytotoxicity in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Linn Rønlev Reinholdt, Maria Bach Laursen, Steffen Falgreen, Alexander Schmitz, Julie Støve Bødker, Martin Boegsted, Hans Erik Johnsen, Karen Dybkaer
Journal: Blood (2015)
Governance of Transnational Global Health Research Consortia and Health Equity
Authors: Bridget Pratt, Adnan A. Hyder
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2016)

Global health research partnerships are increasingly taking the form of consortia of institutions from high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries that undertake programs of research. These partnerships differ from collaborations that carry out single projects in the multiplicity of their goals, scope of their activities, and nature of their management. Although such consortia typically aim to reduce health disparities between and within countries, what is required for them to do so has not been clearly defined. This article takes a conceptual approach to explore how the governance of transnational global health research consortia should be structured to advance health equity. To do so, it applies an account called shared health governance to derive procedural and substantive guidance. A checklist based on this guidance is proposed to assist research consortia determine where their governance practices strongly promote equity and where they may fall short.
Quality of life (QOL) improvements for pomalidomide plus low-dose dexamethasone (POM + LoDEX) in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) patients (pts) enrolled in MM-003.
Authors: Kevin W. Song, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Katja C. Weisel, Philippe Moreau, Martha Lacy, Michel Delforge, Lionel Karlin, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Anne Banos, Albert Oriol Rocafiguera, Stacie Hudgens, Zhinuan Yu, Lars Sternas, Christian Jacques, Mohamed H. Zaki, Jesùs F. San-Miguel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

8583 Background: Poor prognosis and therapy exhaustion have been associated with reduced QOL in RRMM. In MM-003, a randomized, multicenter, open-label phase 3 trial, POM + LoDEX (n = 302) significantly improved progression-free and overall survival vs. high-dose dexamethasone (HiDEX; n = 153) in pts who failed lenalidomide (LEN) and bortezomib (BORT) and progressed on their last therapy. This analysis evaluated QOL changes in these pts. Methods: To assess pt-reported outcomes, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were performed. Minimal important differences for 5 clinically relevant EORTC QLQ-C30 domains (Global Health Status, Physical Functioning, Fatigue, Emotional Functioning, and Pain) were calculated as meaningful change thresholds (1 standard error of measurement) from baseline through cycle (C) 5. Time to QOL worsening was compared between arms using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Favorable trends were observed for POM + LoDEX vs. HiDEX in each of the 5 relevant domains. The cross-sectional analysis indicated statistically or marginally significant (P &lt; .10) differences favoring POM + LoDEX in Global Health Status (C2, 4), Physical Function (C2, 3, 4), Emotional Function (C2, 3, 4), and Fatigue (C2) scores. Longitudinal comparisons between arms confirmed the significance of score changes for Global Health Status (C2; P = .01), Physical Functioning (C3 and 4; P = .018 and .028, respectively), Emotional Functioning (C3; P = .018), and Fatigue (C5; P = .008) for POM + LoDEX vs. HiDEX. HiDEX pts exhibited clinically meaningful worsening in Global Health Status and Physical Functioning scores vs. POM + LoDEX by C2 (P = .04) and C3 (P = .02), respectively. POM + LoDEX extended median time to meaningful worsening vs. HiDEX for Global Health Status (114 vs. 85 days, P = .05), Physical Functioning (174 vs. 106 days; P = .09), Fatigue (113 vs. 60 days; P = .02), Emotional Functioning (190 vs. 124 days; P = .04), and Pain (147 vs. 113 days; P = .2). Conclusions: In heavily pretreated pts who failed LEN and BORT, POM + LoDEX resulted in better clinical outcomes as well as improvement in clinically relevant QOL measurements over the course of treatment. Clinical trial information: NCT01311687.
Intensive Glycemic Therapy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes on β-Blockers
Authors: Tetsuro Tsujimoto, Takehiro Sugiyama, Mitsuhiko Noda, Hiroshi Kajio
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have suggested that β-blockers may decrease the adverse influence of hypoglycemia and reduce hypoglycemia-associated cardiac arrhythmias and death. We evaluated whether intensive glycemic therapy in patients with diabetes receiving treatment with β-blockers showed beneficial effects for the prevention of cardiovascular events without increased mortality compared with a standard glycemic therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial data to assess the risks of cardiovascular events, all-cause death, and cardiovascular death in patients with diabetes receiving treatment with β-blockers (n = 3,079) and not receiving treatment with β-blockers (n = 7,145) using Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS In patients receiving treatment with β-blockers, the cumulative event rates for cardiovascular events were significantly lower in the intensive therapy group compared with the standard therapy group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.81; 95% CI 0.67–0.97; P = 0.02), whereas those rates in patients not receiving treatment with β-blockers were not significantly different (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.78–1.09; P = 0.36). Conversely, the cumulative event rates for all-cause and cardiovascular deaths in patients receiving treatment with β-blockers were not significantly different between the standard therapy and intensive therapy groups (all-cause death: HR 1.08; 95% CI 0.83–1.42; P = 0.54; cardiovascular death: HR 1.05; 95% CI 0.72–1.51; P = 0.79), whereas in patients not receiving treatment with β-blockers, the event rates were significantly higher in the intensive therapy group compared with the standard therapy group (all-cause death: HR 1.25; 95% CI 1.02–1.52; P = 0.02; cardiovascular death: HR 1.43; 95% CI 1.03–1.98; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Intensive glycemic therapy may be effective in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving treatment with β-blockers.
Hepatitis C Virus Core Antigen: A Simplified Treatment Monitoring Tool, including for Post-Treatment Relapse
Authors: F. Lamoury, A. Soker, D. Martinez, B. Hajarizadeh, E. Cunningham, P. Bruggmann, G. Foster, O. Dalgard, B. Conway, G. Robaeys, T. Swan, M. Backmund, P. Marks, J. Grebely, G.J. Dore, T.L. Applegate
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Multispecies Probiotic Maintains Health Related Quality of Life in Cirrhosis Better than Placebo
Authors: A. Horvath, B. Leber, D. Fuchs, B. Schmerboeck, M. Tawdrous, O. Yueksel, K. Sherzay, A. Hartl, S. Lemesch, W. Spindelboeck, P. Fickert, R.E. Stauber, P. Stiegler, F. Durchschein, E. Krones, P. Douschan, G. Zollner, V. Stadlbauer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
The Interplay of the Mapkap Kinases 2 and 3 Coordinates LPS-Induced Inflammation and Acute Phase Reaction by Controlling a Large Subset of Expressed Genes
Authors: C. Ehlting, J. Sanwald, M.J. Hahnel, O. Böhmer, U. Albrecht, R. Deenen, K. Köhrer, M. Gaestel, R. Feuer, O. Sawodny, D. Häussinger, J.G. Bode
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2016)
Charlson score to predict overall survival and cancer-related death in elderly patients featuring high-risk prostate cancer.
Authors: Guzman Ordaz, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Arjun Sivaraman, Steven Joniau, Marco Giorgio Bianchi, Alberto Briganti, Martin Spahn, Patrick Bastian, Jongi Chun, Piotr Chlosta, Paolo Gontero, Marcus Graefen, R. Jeffrey Karnes, Giansilvio Marchioro, Bertrand F. Tombal, Lorenzo Tosco, Henk Van Der Poel, Xavier Cathelineau
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

84 Background: In elderly patients, Charlson score among other features, might allow clinicians to limit the use of aggressive adjuvant treatment strategies or even primary surgical treatment to those who might not achieve benefit during their lifetime. Methods: Retrospective analysis, 7,650 case multicenter high-risk prostate cancer (Pca) radical prostatectomy database selecting &gt;= 70 years old cases. We predicted death from all causes (DAC) and cancer related death (CRD) including all clinical and pathological data. Multivariable analysis were performed to identify independent predictors of DAC and CRD with binary logistic regression, using STATA® software, version 13.1. Results: 2,106 patients from 14 high-volume centers were included. Mean age was 72.8 years (SD 2.46). 206 (9.78%) patients were classified as ASA 3-4 and 497 (23.6%) as CS &gt;=1. Mean PSA was 21.7 ng/ml (SD 50.5). At final histopathology, 800 (38%) had pT3b-T4 disease, GS was 8-10 in 589 (28%), LNI was found in 518 (24.6%) and 822 (39%) PSM. Adjuvant RT, ADT and RT+ADT were administered in 359 (17%), 391 (18.6%) and 437 (20.7%), respectively. Mean follow up was 5.18 years (DS 4.47). BCR occur in 649 (30.8%) and CF in 150 (7.1%) of which distant in 59 (2.8%). Total deaths accounted 341 (16.2%) and CRD for 100 (4.7%) cases. Conclusions: Multicenter data confirms that elderly patients survival harboring high risk prostate cancer will benefit from radical treatment if they are Charlson score 1 or less. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]