tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0147 Comparisons Between Comorbid Conditions in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis with or Without Biological Therapy: A Register-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: H. Forsblad-d'Elia, K. Bengtsson, M. Dehlin, E. Hilme, G. Kvist, B. Rydberg, T. Torstenson, A. Lindhé, S.M. Wallerstedt, L.T.H. Jacobsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Treatment with biological DMARDs (bDMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is increasing. There is a selection of patients with less comorbidity in randomized controlled trials assessing the effects of bDMARDs. If characteristics differ between RA patients on bDMARDs vs not on bDMARDs in routine care has not been extensively studied. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the use of bDMARDs in patients with RA in western Sweden and if characteristics and comorbidity differed between patients receiving bDMARDs and patients who did not in cross-sectional analysis in a population based setting. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients, ≥18 years, diagnosed with RA, attending a specialist care unit at least once 2009 through 2010, were identified in the regional health care database, Vega. Cumulative frequencies for in- and outpatient visits with predefined comorbidities were extracted from Vega for the period 2006 through 2010. Patients on bDMARDs 31 December 2010 were identified in the national Swedish biologics register, ARTIS and by linkage also in Vega. Data from ARTIS were validated against the medical records. Descriptive, comparative and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors significantly associated with biological treatment or not. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 7712 patients with RA were identified out of which 1137 (14.7%) were on bDMARDs. Another 390 patients were identified having bDMARDs, but validation process revealed that they had stopped or planned to begin a bDMARD and were excluded from further analyses. In all, 60% of the patients on bDMARDs were treated with their first bDMARDs and 28% their second. The three most frequently used bDMARDs were Infliximab (36%), etanercept (28%) and rituximab (16%). The patients on bDMARDs had a disease duration of (mean ± SD) 16±11 years, a disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28) of 3.0±1.3, and had been treated with their present bDMARDs for 41±33 months. Characteristics of the patients are shown in the table. Patients treated with bDMARDs had compared to those not treated lower age and lower occurrence of cerebrovascular, congestive heart, chronic respiratory disease, depression and malignancy in multiple logistic regression models, whereas the occurrence of infectious disease was higher. Sex, presence of diabetes and ischemic heart disease were not significantly different between the two groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In western Sweden, 14.7% of RA patients were on bDMARDs 31 December 2010. Those treated with bDMARDs compared to those not were younger and had overall lower occurrences for comorbidities, with the exception for documented infections supporting the overall safety in the manner bDMARDs are used in the population. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Muscle-invading bladder cancer, RTOG Protocol 99–06: Initial report of a phase I/II trial of selective bladder-conservation employing TURBT, accelerated irradiation sensitized with cisplatin and paclitaxel followed by adjuvant cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy
Authors: D. S. Kaufman, K. A. Winter, W. U. Shipley, A. F. Althausen, E. B. Hug, L. M. Toonkel, H. M. Sandler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4506 Background: To examine the protocol completion and response rate of cisplatin plus paclitaxel and twice-daily irradiation following TURBT to preserve the bladder and to determine the tolerance of 4 cycles of chemotherapy. Methods: Induction treatment involved 13 days of twice-daily irradiation, cisplatin (20 mg/m2) on the first two days of each week, and paclitaxel (50 mg/m2) on the first day of each week. Three weeks following induction, patients were cystoscopically evaluated for residual disease. Those whose tumor-site biopsies showed no disease completed consolidation chemoradiation. Patients with residual tumor went on to cystectomy. Following consolidation or cystectomy patients were to complete 4 cycles of cisplatin and gemcitabine chemotherapy. Results: Fifty patients, staged T2-T4a N0 M0 were entered onto the treatment regimen. Forty-seven patients were evaluable for the primary endpoint of treatment completion. Clinical T-stages were: T2 (90%), T3a (8%) and T3b (2%). Median followup was 30 months. Thirty-four (72%) of the 47 evaluable patients completed all treatment per protocol or with an acceptable variation. The complete response (CR) rate after induction therapy was 87%. Grade 3 or 4 toxicity was observed in 32% of patients (induction and consolidation), and in 74% during adjuvant chemotherapy. Twenty-nine percent experienced Grade 4 toxicities during followup, mainly hematologic, and one Grade 5. Conclusions: Although we did not achieve a 90% protocol completion rate with this treatment regimen, it did result in a CR rate of 87%. These early outcomes are encouraging in that this protocol regimen, the first to include adjuvant treatment with cisplatin and gemcitabine may be effective in cancer control. This trial was supported by NCI U10 CA21661 and Eli Lilly & Co. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Eli Lilly, RTOG
Accessing Natural Killer Cell Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Via CMV-Specific Hyperimmune Human Immunoglobulin
Authors: Anastasiya Yermakova, Pinaki B. Banerjee, Levi B. Watkin, Alexandre F. Carisey, Cindy De Los Santos, Gail J. Demmler-Harrison, Jordan S. Orange
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Virus of Avian Myeloblastosis (BAI Strain A). XXV. Ultracytochemical Study of Virus and Myeloblast Phosphatase Activity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Guy de Thé, Caroline Becker, J. W. Beard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Ultracytochemical studies showed nucleosidetriphosphatase reaction at cell membranes of myeloblasts of myeloblastic leukemia induced by BAI strain A virus and no reaction for adenosinediphosphatase. Cytoplasmic gray bodies were positive for triphosphatase, diphosphatase, and acid phosphatase. Myeloblasts liberated BAI strain A virus by cytoplasmic membrane budding, and more than 90 percent of the particles were nucleosidetriphosphatase-positive and diphosphatase-negative. The present and other recent findings suggested that myeloblast gray bodies represent lysosome-like digestive organelles rather than loci of virus synthesis as formerly speculated. Identical phosphatase activity of virus and cell membrane indicated origin of virus enzyme by cell-membrane incorporation in the budding process. This further substantiated previous evidence of relationships between virus and cell-membrane properties observed with thymus cortical cells in BAI strain A virus-induced myeloblastosis and with some cells of nephroblastoma caused by the same agent. A small proportion of strains R and ES4 avian tumor virus particles exhibited lead phosphate precipitate at the surface, and this may have been related to enzyme-positive extraneous material in the preparations. The possible nature and origin of gray bodies are discussed.
Transdermal Testosterone Treatment in Women with Impaired Sexual Function after Oophorectomy
Authors: Jan L. Shifren, Glenn D. Braunstein, James A. Simon, Peter R. Casson, John E. Buster, Geoffrey P. Redmond, Regula E. Burki, Elizabeth S. Ginsburg, Raymond C. Rosen, Sandra R. Leiblum, Kim E. Caramelli, Kirtley P. Jones, Claire A. Daugherty, Norman A. Mazer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The ovaries provide approximately half the circulating testosterone in premenopausal women. After bilateral oophorectomy, many women report impaired sexual functioning despite estrogen replacement. We evaluated the effects of transdermal testosterone in women who had impaired sexual function after surgically induced menopause.
Increased Excretion of Urinary N-Acetyl-β-Glucosaminidase in Essential Hypertension and Its Decline with Antihypertensive Therapy
Authors: Michael H. Alderman, Laurie Melcher, Dennis E. Drayer, Marcus M. Reidenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

The urinary excretion of N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAG) is increased in patients whose renal function is impaired by a variety of kidney diseases, and may provide an index of renal injury. To assess its role in essential hypertension, we measured urinary levels of NAG in 80 subjects with essential hypertension (and no evidence of renal disease) and 30 normal controls. NAG values were measured before therapy and after 3 and 12 months of treatment with diuretics. The mean urinary NAG value (±S.D.) for the normotensive subjects was 29±16 nmol per hour per milligram of urinary creatinine. The median value for the untreated hypertensive subjects was 53, and the mean was 65±61 (P<0.01). Systolic blood pressure was directly correlated with NAG levels, whereas diastolic pressure, age, sex, and race were not. Eighty patients followed for one year attained their ultimate blood-pressure reduction within three months (from a mean of 158/103 mm Hg to one of 138/91 mm Hg; P<0.001), whereas the urinary NAG level had not declined significantly at three months (from 60±43 to 54±54) but had changed significantly at one year (to 45±28; P<0.01 as compared with the initial value). These data suggest that NAG is frequently elevated in patients with high blood pressure even though there is no other evidence of renal damage, and that it can be reduced by successful antihypertensive therapy. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:1213–7.)
Melatonin Synthesis by an Ectopic Pinealoma
Authors: Richard J. Wurtman, Huldrick Kammer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE term pinealoma has been used to refer to three different kinds of intracranial neoplasms. The first consists of the parenchymal pinealomas, which originate within the pineal gland and appear similar to the normal organ late in its embryonic life.1 Histologically, they contain masses of large spheroidal "parenchymal cells" mixed in a mosaic pattern with a smaller cell indistinguishable from the lymphocyte.1 , 2 The second type, nonparenchymal pinealomas, which include about half the pineal tumors thus far reported,3 may take on the appearance of teratomas or may arise from supporting glial elements in the pineal body. Finally, ectopic pinealomas, which originate . . .
Ondansetron plus Metopimazine Compared with Ondansetron Alone in Patients Receiving Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy
Authors: Jorn Herrstedt, Tine Sigsgaard, Marianne Boesgaard, Tina P. Jensen, Per Dombernowsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine3) antagonists have improved the treatment of acute chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, but their ability to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting seems less pronounced. The results of a preliminary open trial suggested that the addition of a selective dopamine D2 antagonist could improve the antiemetic efficacy of the serotonin antagonists. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, we compared oral treatment with ondansetron (8 mg twice a day) and the dopamine D2 antagonist metopimazine (30 mg four times a day) with treatment with ondansetron alone for three days in 30 patients who had vomited during the previous cycle of chemotherapy. All the patients received moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
Long-Term Treatment of Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling)
Authors: Susan E. Swedo, Marge C. Lenane, Henrietta L. Leonard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: In 1989 we reported that clomipramine was superior to desipramine in reducing hair-pulling symptoms in trichotillomania1. Three of the 13 subjects completing the initial double-blind...
Epidemiological study to evaluate the prevalence of BRAF V600 mutation in patients (pts) diagnosed with advanced melanoma (AM) in routine clinical practice in Spain.
Authors: Ana Maria Arance Fernández, Lucía Alós Hernández, Pablo Cerezuela Fuentes, Sebastian Ortiz Reina, Eugenia Ortega Izquierdo, Rosa Mª Martí Laborda, Jesus Soberino, Berta Ferrer Fabrega, Jordi Rubió, Fernando Perez Bueno, Maria Teresa Perez-Hoyos, Goikoane Cancho Galan, Ana Isabel Ballesteros Garcia, Javier Fraga Fernandez, Ivan Marquez Rodas, Veronica Parra, Clara Montagut Viladot, Beatriz Bellosillo, Jose Luis Rodriguez-Peralto, Jose A. Lopez-Martin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20115 Background: Nearly 50% of pts with AM harbor mutations in the BRAF gene which result in activation of the MAPK pathway. BRAF V600 mutations confer sensitivity to BRAF-inhibitors. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of BRAF V600 mutation and the clinical and anatomopathological characteristics of pts with AM and BRAF mutations in Spain. Methods: Multicenter, cross-sectional study in adult patients diagnosed with AM (stage IIIc/IV). Results: Between July 2013 and October 2014, 264 evaluable pts were enrolled: median (range) age 68 (56-77) years; male: 57%; family history of melanoma: 5.7%. Primary tumor: limbs (33%), trunk (30%), head and neck (15%), mucosa (6%), uveal (4%) and unknown (9%). AM stage: IIIc (14%), IV (86%). Metastatic sites: lymph nodes (57%), lung (36%), skin and soft-tissues (33%), liver (19%), brain (11%). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) at diagnosis of AM: normal (52%), high (20%) (unknown: 28%). Melanoma histology: superficial spreading (30%), nodular (23%), mucosal (5%), acral lentigious (5%), uveal (3%); ulceration in 42%; regression in 9.5%; vascular invasion in 8%. Breslow thickness: > 4 mm (27%), 2.01-4.0 mm (22%), 1.01-2.0 mm (14%), ≤ 1.0 mm (6%). All samples were analyzed for mutation testing, which was mainly performed using the Cobas 4800 mutation kit (96%) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue block (74%). Sample source: metastases (63%) (lymph nodes: 37%), primary tumor (34%). BRAF mutations were found in 41% of pts. Factors independently associated with BRAF mutations: Age (OR: 0.977; 95% CI: 0.959-0.995; p = 0.012) and melanoma histology (superficial spreading melanoma vs. nodular [OR: 0.434; 95% CI: 0.219-0.861; p = 0.017] and acral [OR: 0.060; 95% CI: 0.007-0.483; p = 0.008]). LDH levels and brain metastatases were not associated with BRAF mutations. Conclusions: The prevalence ofBRAF mutation is 41%, and seems to be more frequent in younger pts and those with superficial spreading melanomas.
Myocardial Hypoxia as the Basis for Angina Pectoris in a Patient with Normal Coronary Arteriograms
Authors: W. A. Neill, D. G. Kassebaum, M. P. Judkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Although coronary arteriograms of a 48-year-old woman with exertional chest pain typical of angina pectoris and an abnormal exercise electrocardiogram were normal, myocardial hypoxia and anaerobic metabolism were demonstrated during induced tachycardia and are proposed as the basis of the angina pectoris. A cause of impaired myocardial oxygen metabolism other than obstructive disease of visible coronary arteries is suggested.
Arnold M. Katz, MD
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Arnold spent a summer at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, where he participated in a study of the physico-chemical properties of skeletal muscle.As a medical student, he spent 2 summers in his father's laboratory at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago studying control of and interactions between coronary blood flow, left ventricular volume, and the energetics of the heart.In 1955, he first authored his first paper in Circulation Research on this subject. 1Thus, even before completing medical school, he had already worked in 2 areas-muscle chemistry and control of ventricular performance-to which he devoted much of his life as an investigator.
Case 12-1997
Authors: David Paydarfar, Suzanne M. de la Monte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Presentation of CaseA 50-year-old right-handed woman with multiple sclerosis was admitted to the hospital because of an enlarging intracranial mass.The patient had been well until 15 years earlier, when she began to have bifrontal headaches with reduced visual acuity and was found to have bilateral papilledema. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the brain was normal. A diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri was made, and a lumbar puncture was performed, with a gradual resolution of symptoms.The patient was subsequently well until six years before admission, when a left footdrop developed and she began to experience numbness in the . . .
Tick-Borne Diseases in the United States
Authors: David H. Spach, W. Conrad Liles, Grant L. Campbell, Robert E. Quick, Donald E. Anderson, Thomas R. Fritsche
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

In the United States, more vector-borne diseases are transmitted by ticks than by any other agent1. During the past 20 years, tick-borne diseases have taken on increased importance as humans have moved into rural areas and increased their recreational outdoor activity. Tick-borne diseases can result from infection with pathogens that include bacteria, rickettsia, viruses, and protozoa (Table 1). In this article, we review recent advances in the understanding of these diseases, particularly the microbiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of the major tick-borne diseases that occur in the United States.Biology of TicksTicks are obligate blood-sucking members of the . . .
A Little Math Helps the Medicine Go Down
Authors: Richard I. Kopelman, John B. Wong, Stephen G. Pauker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

A 44-year-old, previously healthy man presented with a three-week history of fatigue and temperatures as high as 38.2°C (100.8°F). The man was a medical resident at a municipal hospital.Despite the long list of causes of fever and fatigue, I would be most worried about occupationally related illnesses, such as primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and hepatitis in its prodromal phase.The fevers usually occurred at the end of the day and were associated with myalgias and chills. The patient began to take acetaminophen. He was seen at a local emergency room for epigastric pain, where . . .
Pharmacodynamic Effect of DX-2930 on Plasma Kallikrein in Hereditary Angioedema Patients
Authors: Mark A. Davis-Lorton, Paula J. Busse, Aleena Banerji, Mustafa Shennak, William R. Lumry, H. James Wedner, Joshua S. Jacobs, James W. Baker, Jonathan A. Bernstein, Richard F. Lockey, H. Henry Li, Timothy J. Craig, Marco Cicardi, Marc A. Riedl, Ahmad Al-Ghazawi, Carolyn Soo, Ryan Iarrobino, Daniel Sexton, Christopher TenHoor, Ryan Faucette, Joseph C. Biedenkapp, Yung H. Chyung, Burt Adelman
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Targeted Dual-Modality Imaging in Renal Cell Carcinoma: An <i>Ex Vivo</i> Kidney Perfusion Study
Authors: Marlène C.H. Hekman, Otto C. Boerman, Mirjam de Weijert, Desirée L. Bos, Egbert Oosterwijk, Hans F. Langenhuijsen, Peter F.A. Mulders, Mark Rijpkema
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Antibodies labeled with both a near-infrared fluorescent dye and a radionuclide can be used for tumor-targeted intraoperative dual-modality imaging. Girentuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), an antigen expressed in 95% of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aimed to assess the feasibility of targeted dual-modality imaging with (111)In-girentuximab-IRDye800CW using ex vivo perfusion of human tumorous kidneys.Seven radical nephrectomy specimens from patients with ccRCC were perfused during 11 to 15 hours with dual-labeled girentuximab and subsequently rinsed during 2.5 to 4 hours with Ringer's Lactate solution. Then, dual-modality imaging was performed on a 5- to 10-mm-thick lamella of the kidney. Fluorescence imaging was performed with a clinical fluorescence camera set-up as applied during image-guided surgery. The distribution of Indium-111 in the slice of tumor tissue was visualized by autoradiography. In two perfusions, an additional dual-labeled control antibody was added to demonstrate specific accumulation of dual-labeled girentuximab in CAIX-expressing tumor tissue.Both radionuclide and fluorescence imaging clearly visualized uptake in tumor tissue and tumor-to-normal tissue borders, as confirmed (immuno)histochemically and by gamma counting. Maximum uptake of girentuximab in tumor tissue was 0.33% of the injected dose per gram (mean, 0.12 %ID/g; range, 0.01-0.33 %ID/g), whereas maximum uptake in the normal kidney tissue was 0.04 %ID/g (mean, 0.02 %ID/g; range, 0.00-0.04 %ID/g).Dual-labeled girentuximab accumulated specifically in ccRCC tissue, indicating the feasibility of dual-modality imaging to detect ccRCC. A clinical study to evaluate intraoperative dual-modality imaging in patients with ccRCC has been initiated. Clin Cancer Res; 22(18); 4634-42. ©2016 AACR.
Prolonged Anti-Tumor Activity of Lucitanib in Advanced Thyroid Cancer
Authors: J. Capdevila, R. Dienstmann, B. Adamo, R. Cereda, J. Litten, J. Collin, F. Legrand, R. Robert, C. Saba, F.G.M. De Braud, J. Soria, J. Tabernero
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Laboratory and Clinical Studies on Erythromycin
Authors: Thomas H. Haight, Maxwell Finland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

ERYTHROMYCIN is a new antibiotic produced by an organism that was originally isolated from a soil sample collected on the island of Panay in the Philippines and identified on the basis of its morphology, cultural characteristics and physiology as a strain of Streptomyces erythreus (Waksman). The production and some of the chemical and biologic characteristics of this antibiotic have been reported by a group of workers from the Lilly Research Laboratories.§ When extracted with suitable reagents from the filtrate of properly grown cultures of the organism, the antibiotic is obtained in crystalline form as a basic compound that is grayish . . .
Varenicline increased smoking cessation at 24 weeks in patients hospitalized with ACS and motivated to quit
Authors: Allan V. Prochazka
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Source Citation Eisenberg MJ, Windle SB, Roy N, et al; EVITA Investigators. Varenicline for smoking cessation in hospitalized patients with acute coronary syndrome. Circulation. 2016;133:21-30. 26553744
Studies of Hepatic Microsomal Enzymes, Serum Proteins, and Serum Cholesterol After Treatment of Rats With &lt;sc&gt;L&lt;/sc&gt;-Asparaginase Alone or in Combination With Phenobarbital&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A. M. Guarino, D. H. Schroeder, R. H. Adamson, J. B. Call, T. E. Gram
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Reductions in serum proteins, similar to those seen in patients, were produced in rats treated with 1000 IU/kg/day of L-asparaginase. In particular, plasma albumin and γ-globulin were significantly decreased. L-Asparaginase treatment was examined for its effects on hepatic microsomal drug metabolism and on the inductive effects of phenobarbital. L-Asparaginase did not significantly alter the basal activities of aniline hydroxylase, ethylmorphine N-demethylase, or p-nitrobenzoic acid nitroreductase. Furthermore, the inductive effect of phenobarbital on these enzymes was not altered, which suggests that some proteins turning over at a relatively rapid rate are not altered by L-asparaginase treatment. The experimental design used is presented in a format which may be of general applicability in the early assessment of interactions that may occur with drug combinations to be used in cancer chemotherapy.