tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Tracheal Intubation During Pediatric In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Survival
Authors: Lars W. Andersen, Tia T. Raymond, Robert A. Berg, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Anne V. Grossestreuer, Tobias Kurth, Michael W. Donnino
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Tracheal intubation is common during pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest, although the relationship between intubation during cardiac arrest and outcomes is unknown.To determine if intubation during pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest is associated with improved outcomes.Observational study of data from United States hospitals in the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry. Pediatric patients (<18 years) with index in-hospital cardiac arrest between January 2000 and December 2014 were included. Patients who were receiving assisted ventilation, had an invasive airway in place, or both at the time chest compressions were initiated were excluded.Tracheal intubation during cardiac arrest .The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation and neurologic outcome. A favorable neurologic outcome was defined as a score of 1 to 2 on the pediatric cerebral performance category score. Patients being intubated at any given minute were matched with patients at risk of being intubated within the same minute (ie, still receiving resuscitation) based on a time-dependent propensity score calculated from multiple patient, event, and hospital characteristics.The study included 2294 patients; 1308 (57%) were male, and all age groups were represented (median age, 7 months [25th-75th percentiles, 21 days, 4 years]). Of the 2294 included patients, 1555 (68%) were intubated during the cardiac arrest. In the propensity score-matched cohort (n = 2270), survival was lower in those intubated compared with those not intubated (411/1135 [36%] vs 460/1135 [41%]; risk ratio [RR], 0.89 [95% CI, 0.81-0.99]; P = .03). There was no significant difference in return of spontaneous circulation (770/1135 [68%] vs 771/1135 [68%]; RR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.95-1.06]; P = .96) or favorable neurologic outcome (185/987 [19%] vs 211/983 [21%]; RR, 0.87 [95% CI, 0.75-1.02]; P = .08) between those intubated and not intubated. The association between intubation and decreased survival was observed in the majority of the sensitivity and subgroup analyses, including when accounting for missing data and in a subgroup of patients with a pulse at the beginning of the event.Among pediatric patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, tracheal intubation during cardiac arrest compared with no intubation was associated with decreased survival to hospital discharge. Although the study design does not eliminate the potential for confounding, these findings do not support the current emphasis on early tracheal intubation for pediatric in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Cytotoxic efficacy of filanesib and melphalan combination is governed by sequence of treatment in human myeloma cells
Authors: E J Norris, D DeStephanis, B Tunquist, S Usmani, R Ganapathi, M Ganapathi
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

Cytotoxic efficacy of filanesib and melphalan combination is governed by sequence of treatment in human myeloma cells
Advances in management of childhood acute leukemia (AML, ALL): Experience at a developing country, National Guard hospital, western region of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: T. M. Khattab, A. A. Atra, S. K. Felimban, C. Fryer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

20020 Background: The outcome of children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has improved over last two decades. The main factors behind this are increasing intensity of chemotherapy and improved measures of supportive care. While white blood cell count and age are major factors for risk classification in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), therapy remains the single most prognostic factor. Objectives: To assess survival with each regimen of chemotherapy and causes of treatment failure. Methods: we retrospectively reviewed the details of treatment and outcome of all children with AML from 1986- 2005 (20 yr.) and ALL from 1989–2003 (15yr.) at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results: AML 54 patients, 23 boys with median age 5 yr. (range 0.5–14 yr.). Five (9%) had CNS leukemia. Between 1986–1995, 22 pts were treated with BFM based chemotherapy, remaining 32 received UK-AML 10 between 1996–2005. 8/22 (36%) &amp; 5/32 (16%) died of toxicity and 12 (54%) and 8 (25%) died of AML during 1 st &amp; 2 nd era respectively. With a median follow up of 3 year (.5–10 yr.). The overall survival is 9% in 1 st era and 59% in 2 nd era. ALL 297 patients were registered. Male 165 pts., median age 5 yr. (range 1–14), WBCs &gt;50,000x109, 55 pts. (19%). T-cell 36 (12%), pre-B 222 (75%) and 29 (10%) unknown. NCI risk classification according to age &amp; WBCs count at presentation as HR 84 (28%), SR 204 (69%). Causes of death; 50/297 (17%) disease recurrence which failed 2 nd line chemotherapy, 12/297 (4%) induction death and 11/297 (4%) died of toxicity. Survival by different regimens of chemotherapy were showing UKALL-X 1989–1993, 67 pts.as 55%; UKALL-XI/BFM (1994–1998) 98 pts. As 72%; MRC-97/CCG1991 (1999–2003) 132 pts.87% as overall 5 yr survival. Conclusions: This single center study confirmed that the outcome of children with AML/ALL has improved over last decade. Increasing local experience, advances in supportive care and chemotherapy have contributed to this improvement. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 2972: Genomic classification of cutaneous melanoma
Authors: Ian R. Watson, Chang-Jiun Wu, Lihua Zou, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Lynda Chin
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract We describe here the landscape of genomic alterations in cutaneous melanomas through DNA, RNA, and protein-based analysis of 333 resected primary and/or metastatic melanomas from 331 patients. We establish a framework for genomic classification based on the pattern of the most prevalent significantly mutated genes into one of four subtypes: mutant BRAF, RAS, NF1, and Triple-WT (wild-type). Integrative analysis reveals enrichment of mutations in KIT, focal amplifications and complex structural rearrangements as a feature of the Triple-WT subtype. We find no significant outcome correlation with genomic classification, but samples assigned to a transcriptomic subclass enriched for immune gene expression are significantly associated with improved patient survival. That favorable prognosis of the ‘immune’ transcriptomic subclass is associated with high LCK protein expression, a T-cell marker, and presence of lymphocyte infiltrate on pathology review. This clinicopathological and multi-dimensional analysis suggests prognosis of melanoma patients with nodal metastases is influenced by immunobiology of the tumor stroma, offering insights to further personalize therapeutic decision-making. Citation Format: Ian R. Watson, Chang-Jiun Wu, Lihua Zou, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Lynda Chin, on behalf of the Melanoma Analysis Working Group and The Cancer Genome Analysis Research Network. Genomic classification of cutaneous melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2972. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2972
Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of second-line bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in second-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer.
Authors: Kaldigul Smagulova
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

619 Background: Advances in molecular biology and a wide introduction to the practice of targeted therapies have improved outcomes and significantly affect the overall survival of patients. To investigate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab (BEV) beyond first progression combined with chemotherapy (CT) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Methods: 68 patients with mCRC who received chemotherapy treatment at the Department of the Kazakh Research Institute of Oncology and Radiology. Selecting second-line chemotherapy based on oxaliplatin or irinotecan depended of an earlier first-line therapy (FOLFOX, FOLFIRI). The survival rate was calculated by Kaplan-Meier, comparison of survival curves was performed by log-rank. Results: The study included 68 patients, who were randomized from February 2009 to November 2011(to 33 [48.5%] BEV + CT and 35 [51.5%] to CT alone). Analysis of the immediate results of treatment showed that in neither case was not achieved complete response of the tumor. Partial regression in group 1 – 11 (33.3 ± 8.2)%, and group 2 - in 9 (25.7 ± 7.3)%. Stabilization is achieved in 20 (60.6 ± 8.5)% and 23 (6.7 ± 8.0)% of cases, respectively. The progression of the disease was observed in the group 1 in 2 (6.1 ± 4.1)% and 3 (8.6 ± 4.7)% of cases. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 11.5 months (7-16) and 12.2 months in group 1, and 9.7 months (6-13.2) (PFS), 9.1 months(OS) in group 2, respectively. The adverse event profile was consistent with previously reported data for BEV + CT. BEV-related significant adverse events included bleeding grade 3-4 (1.5 %) and venous thrombosis (2.3 %). Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that BEV + CT continued beyond progression significantly prolong OS and PFS in second-line therapy mCRC.
Comparison of stapled haemorrhoidopexy with traditional excisional surgery for haemorrhoidal disease (eTHoS): a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Angus J M Watson, Jemma Hudson, Jessica Wood, Mary Kilonzo, Steven R Brown, Alison McDonald, John Norrie, Hanne Bruhn, Jonathan A Cook
Journal: The Lancet (2016)

Two commonly performed surgical interventions are available for severe (grade II-IV) haemorrhoids; traditional excisional surgery and stapled haemorrhoidopexy. Uncertainty exists as to which is most effective. The eTHoS trial was designed to establish the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of stapled haemorrhoidopexy compared with traditional excisional surgery.The eTHoS trial was a large, open-label, multicentre, parallel-group, pragmatic randomised controlled trial done in adult participants (aged 18 years or older) referred to hospital for surgical treatment for grade II-IV haemorrhoids. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive either traditional excisional surgery or stapled haemorrhoidopexy. Randomisation was minimised according to baseline EuroQol 5 dimensions 3 level score (EQ-5D-3L), haemorrhoid grade, sex, and centre with an automated system to stapled haemorrhoidopexy or traditional excisional surgery. The primary outcome was area under the quality of life curve (AUC) measured with the EQ-5D-3L descriptive system over 24 months, assessed according to the randomised groups. The primary outcome measure was analysed using linear regression with adjustment for the minimisation variables. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN80061723.Between Jan 13, 2011, and Aug 1, 2014, 777 patients were randomised (389 to receive stapled haemorrhoidopexy and 388 to receive traditional excisional surgery). Stapled haemorrhoidopexy was less painful than traditional excisional surgery in the short term and surgical complication rates were similar between groups. The EQ-5D-3L AUC score was higher in the traditional excisional surgery group than the stapled haemorrhoidopexy group over 24 months; mean difference -0·073 (95% CI -0·140 to -0·006; p=0·0342). EQ-5D-3L was higher for stapled haemorrhoidopexy in the first 6 weeks after surgery, the traditional excisional surgery group had significantly better quality of life scores than the stapled haemorrhoidopexy group. 24 (7%) of 338 participants who received stapled haemorrhoidopexy and 33 (9%) of 352 participants who received traditional excisional surgery had serious adverse events.As part of a tailored management plan for haemorrhoids, traditional excisional surgery should be considered over stapled haemorrhoidopexy as the surgical treatment of choice.National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment programme.
MPT Vs ThaDD in Very Elderly Patients with Multiple Myeloma: a Case-Match Study.
Authors: Massimo Offidani, Sara Bringhen, Laura Corvatta, Maria Teresa Petrucci, Silvia Gentili, Pellegrino Musto, Claudia Polloni, Fabiana Gentilini, Antonietta Falcone, Tommaso Caravita, Anna Marina Liberati, Marino Brunori, Vincenzo Callea, Eugenio Piro, Mariella Grasso, Clotilde Cangialosi, Piero Galieni, Fausto Rossini, Monica Galli, Marco Montanaro, Francesco Alesiani, Valerio De Stefano, Massimo Catarini, Francesca Elice, Renato Zambello, Giuseppe Visani, Luciano Griso, Emanuele Angelucci, Mario Boccadoro, Pietro Leoni, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: Blood (2009)
P2.45: An Estimate of the Economic Impact of Treatment of NSCLC With Immunotherapy Relative to PD-L1 Expression in Brazil
Authors: Pedro Aguiar, Ramon De Mello, Hakaru Tadokoro, Barbara Gutierres, Carmelia Barreto, Hani Babiker, Gilberto Lopes
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Prostate cancer unit initiative in europe: a consensus on standards of care
Authors: R. Valdagni, H. Van Poppel, M. Aitchison, P. Albers, D. Berthold, A. Bossi, M. Brausi, L. Denis, L. Drudge-Coates, G. Feick, M. Hoyer, H. Hummel, V. Mirone, S.C. Müller, C. Parker, C.N. Sternberg, B. Tombal, E. van Muilekom, M. Watson, S. Wesselmann, A. Costa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Cost-effectiveness of a National Telemedicine Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Program in Singapore
Authors: Hai V. Nguyen, Gavin Siew Wei Tan, Robyn Jennifer Tapp, Shweta Mital, Daniel Shu Wei Ting, Hon Tym Wong, Colin S. Tan, Augustinus Laude, E. Shyong Tai, Ngiap Chuan Tan, Eric A. Finkelstein, Tien Yin Wong, Ecosse L. Lamoureux
Journal: Ophthalmology (2016)
P1287 : Phylogenetic analysis of an epidemic outbreak of acute hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients by massive sequencing
Authors: N. Caro Pérez, M. Martinez-Rebollar, J. Gregori, J. Quer, P. González, M. Gambato, H. Visser, J.I. Esteban, J. Mallolas, X. Forns, S. Pérez-del-Pulgar, M. Laguno
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
The Potential of Combined Immunotherapy and Antiangiogenesis for the Synergistic Treatment of Advanced NSCLC
Authors: Christian Manegold, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans, Jhanelle E. Gray, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Marianne Nicolson, Solange Peters, Martin Reck, Yi-Long Wu, Odd Terje Brustugun, Lucio Crinò, Enriqueta Felip, Dean Fennell, Pilar Garrido, Rudolf M. Huber, Aurélien Marabelle, Marcin Moniuszko, Françoise Mornex, Silvia Novello, Mauro Papotti, Maurice Pérol, Egbert F. Smit, Kostas Syrigos, Jan P. van Meerbeeck, Nico van Zandwijk, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Caicun Zhou, Everett Vokes
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Payments to Physicians, Prescribing Rates, and More Appropriate Conclusions
Authors: Timothy C. Fagan
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

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Characterization of patients treated with a programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitor (anti-PD-1) past RECIST progression from a metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (mNSCLC) trial.
Authors: Dickran Gano Kazandjian, Gideon Michael Blumenthal, Sean Khozin, Daniel L. Suzman, Patricia Keegan, Richard Pazdur
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3000 Background: Anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibodies are immunotherapy agents that block T cell inhibitory signal pathways. Anecdotal cases have been reported of clinically important decrease in tumor size following initial evidence of RECIST-defined disease progression. We describe the findings in patients with treatment past RECIST-defined progression (TPP) observed in a trial of mNSCLC patients receiving an anti-PD-1. Methods: Data from a trial evaluating an anti-PD-1 for the treatment of patients with mNSCLC who progressed after platinum- doublet chemotherapy, demonstrating a clinical benefit for an anti-PD-1, was evaluated. Per protocol, patients were allowed to receive TPP if they were not experiencing rapid disease progression, had stable performance status, and written informed consent was obtained. We identified anti-PD-1-treated patients with TPP in this study and evaluated the changes in tumor burden following RECIST-defined progression in these patients. Results: In total, 71 patients received TPP with an anti-PD-1 and their best overall responses by RECIST v1.1 were progressive disease in 35 (49%), stable disease in 23 (32%), and partial response (PR) in 13 (18%); the PR rate was similar in patients with and without TPP. Among patients with TPP, RECIST-defined progression was based on an increase in the sum of longest diameter (SLD) of target lesions (TLs) in 37 (52%) patients, the appearance of new lesions (NLs) in 33 (46%), and/or unequivocal progression of non-target lesions (NTLs) in 28 (39%) patients. Among the TPP patients, 4 patients (5.6%) experienced additional tumor shrinkage. One patient with RECIST-defined progression based on ≥ 20% increase in SLD of TLs and three patients based on NLs or unequivocal progression of NTLs demonstrated a subsequent ≥ 30% decrease in SLD as compared to nadir. Conclusions: Our evaluation suggests that anti-PD-1-treated patients with mNSCLC generally do not benefit from TPP. The risks of continued treatment should be considered in light of the low likelihood of tumor shrinkage with TPP with an anti-PD-1 agent.
Elevated IgA Plasmablast Levels in Subjects at Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jennifer D. Kinslow, Lisa K. Blum, Kevin D. Deane, M. Kristen Demoruelle, Yuko Okamoto, Mark C. Parish, Sarah Kongpachith, Lauren J. Lahey, Jill M. Norris, William H. Robinson, V. Michael Holers
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

The disease process in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starts years before the clinical diagnosis is made, and elevated levels of disease-specific autoantibodies can be detected during this period. Early responses to known or novel autoantigens likely drive the eventual production of pathogenic autoimmunity. Importantly, the presence of disease-specific autoantibodies can identify individuals who are at high risk of developing RA but who do not currently have arthritis. The goal of the current study was to characterize plasmablasts from individuals at risk of developing RA.
Surgical outcomes of gasless single port retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy for dialysis patients: A comparative analysis with nondialysis patients.
Authors: Y. Okada, H. Masuda, K. Saito, Y. Iimura, M. Yokoyama, Y. Komai, N. Numao, F. Koga, Y. Fujii, K. Kihara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

376 Background: Gasless single port retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy is minimally invasive, curative and cost effective operation which we have developed since 1998 (Eur Urol Suppl 2009; 8: 392), and covered by the Japanese universal insurance system from April, 2008. Patients necessitating dialysis are considered high risk operative candidates because of their multiple comorbidities. We compared surgical outcomes of dialysis patients with non-dialysis patients to evaluate this operation as treatment for high risk group. Methods: We reviewed 304 consecutive patients including 59 (19.4%) dialysis patients who underwent CO2 gasless single port retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy at our institute between 2000 and 2009. Complications within the first 30 days after the surgery were graded retrospectively according to the modified Clavien classification system. Patient demographics, operative outcomes, and complications were compared between dialysis and non-dialysis patients. Results: In all patients, the median patient age and body mass index were 60 years and 23.0 kg/m 2 . The median length of surgical incision, operative time (OT) and estimated blood loss (EBL) were 6.5 cm, 189 minutes and 214 mL, respectively. The transfusion rate was 3.3%. The intra and postoperative complication rate were 3.9% and 10.1%. Two grade 3a (ureteral obstruction, 1; diverticulitis, 1), three grade 3b (occlusion of peripheral hemodialysis shunt, 3) and two grade 4 (pulmonary embolism, 1; acute heart failure, 1) surgical complications occurred. In dialysis patients, the mean BMI was lower (20.4 vs. 23.3, p&lt;0.0001), the mean OT was shorter (170 vs. 201 minutes, p&lt;0.0001) and the mean EBL was lower (216 vs. 311mL, p&lt;0.0001) than non-dialysis patients. There was no Clavien grade 3 or 4 surgical complications except dialysis access occlusion in dialysis patients. The average time to oral feeding and walking were equivalent, but possible discharge were longer in dialysis patients (4.3 vs. 3.4 days, p&lt;0.0037). Conclusions: Our data supports the safety and feasibility of gasless single port retroperitoneal radical nephrectomy for dialysis patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.