tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-227 Outcome of cytomegalovirus colitis in patients with IBD—experience from Royal United Hospital Bath!
Authors: I Ahmed, N Kalsi, I Lane, L Biddlestone, T Mehta
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> CMV infection has been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is considered to be responsible for relapse, increased severity and poor outcome if left untreated. Ganciclovir is the mainstay of treatment but data regarding its use, mode of administration and duration of treatment is poorly described. Studies have demonstrated favourable outcome with the use of antiviral treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied the medical records of patients with IBD and concurrent diagnosis of CMV since 2005. Record of investigations was obtained from hospital electronic resources. The parameters studied were duration and mode of treatment with Ganciclovir, clinical scoring using Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI), CRP pre-treatment and on day 3, 7 and 14th of treatment, CMV PCR pre and post-treatment, detection of <i>Clostridium difficile</i> toxins (CDT) and outcome in term of colectomy or clinical improvement. <h3>Results</h3> 13 patients with pre-existing diagnosis of IBD (UC=8, CD=3, non-specific colitis=2) were identified with a confirmed diagnosis of CMV on colonic biopsies between 2005 and 2011. The age range was 33–91 yrs (mean=68, F=6). 11/13 patients were admitted to hospital with flare of IBD and were steroid refractory. One was admitted with severe diarrhoea without IBD and the other had colectomy for severe UC and was found with CMV in the colectomy specimen. Out of 13, 11 patients were treated with Ganciclovir: six with 2 weeks of intravenous Ganciclovir 5 mg/kg, 3 with 1 week of intravenous and 2 with 1 week of intravenous followed by 2 weeks of oral Valganciclovir. Out of those treated, eight patients improved and were discharged, and three required colectomy. All six patients who received 2 weeks of intravenous treatment improved and were discharged. All three who required colectomy had 1 week of intravenous treatment and one had additional oral Vanganciclovir. CRP response was found to be non-predictive but improvement in HBI on day 3 of treatment was found to be associated with better outcome. None of the patients were positive for CDT. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CMV colitis is associated with poor outcome in patient with IBD if left untreated. Data regarding mode and duration of treatment remain poorly defined; in our experience 2 weeks of intravenous Ganciclovir was associated with a better outcome. Little or no improvement in the clinical condition on day 3 of treatment was associated with colectomy. Further data are required to evaluate the treatment guidance of this condition. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <i>European Evidence-Based Consensus on the Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Opportunistic Infections in iBD, ECCO Guidelines</i>. 2009. 2. <b>Garrett Lawlor MD</b>, Alan C, Moss MD. CMV in IBD: Pathogen or innocent bystander? <i>Inflamm Bowel Dis</i> 2010;<b>16</b>:1620–7.
Abstract 249: Inhibition of protein phosphatase 2A supports androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells
Authors: Arun Bhardwaj, Seema Singh, Sanjeev K. Srivastava, Richard E. Honkanen, Eddie Reed, Ajay P. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Clinical progression of prostate cancer (PCa) is characterized by a transition from androgen-dependent (AD) to androgen-independent (AI) stage. Once the PCa has recurred in AI form, it progresses to a highly aggressive disease and poses an increased risk of morbidity and death. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms involved in AI progression of PCa is a significant area of research. Earlier, we identified PPP2CA, which encodes for alpha-isoform of the protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2Acα), as one of the downregulated genes in AI PCa cells. PP2A is a ser/thr phosphatase and a potent tumor suppressor involved in broad cellular functions; however, its role in PCa has not yet been determined. Here, we have investigated the effect of PP2A downregulation on the growth of AD PCa (LNCaP) cells under steroid-deprived condition. Furthermore, we have examined the effect of PP2A inhibition on the signaling pathways and delineated their role in AI growth of LNCaP cells. Our data show that the downregulation of PP2A activity by pharmacological inhibition or siRNA-mediated PPP2CA silencing sustains the growth of AD PCa cells under androgen-deprived condition by relieving the androgen-deprivation-induced cell cycle arrest and preventing apoptosis. Immunoblot analysis revealed enhanced phosphorylation of Akt, ERK, BAD, increased expression of cyclins (cyclin A1 and cyclin D1) and decreased expression of cyclin inhibitor (p27) upon PP2A downregulation. Furthermore, our data show that PP2A inhibition partially maintains AR signaling through its increased expression and ligand-independent phosphorylation, which is also supported by AR transcriptional activity assay and its target gene, KLK3, expression. Pharmacological inhibition of Akt, ERK and AR confirmed a role of these signaling pathways in facilitating the AI growth of LNCaP cells. Altogether, our findings suggest that modulation of PP2A activity may represent an alternative therapeutic approach for the treatment of advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 249. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-249
AB1054 Lupus Impact Tracker is Responsive to Changes in SELENA-SLEDAI in Lupus
Authors: H. Devilliers, D. Giangreco, N. Annapureddy, M. Jolly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Patient reported outcomes (PRO) are important to understand, educate, manage and follow patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Lupus Impact Tracker (LIT) is a ten-item tool that was developed from LupusPRO, to facilitate patient-physician communication. In clinical trial, LIT was found to have good validity, reliability, and responsiveness against the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Responder Index (SRI), an outcome used commonly in SLE Clinical Trials. Herein, we test LIT responsiveness to SELENA-SLEDAI. <h3>Objectives</h3> To test the responsiveness of LIT to changes in disease activity assessments obtained during routine SLE patient care setting. <h3>Methods</h3> Longitudinal data on LupusPRO and disease activity assessments were collected during 185 SLE patients routine clinical care visits for the Rush Lupus Data Repository. We derived the LIT total score from the LupusPRO data. Disease activity assessments used as anchors for testing responsiveness include the physician global assessment (PGA), Total SELENA-SLEDAI and the SELENA-Flare Index (SFI) (Yes/No). Cut offs used to determine change in disease activity were: PGA (of 0.3), SELENA-SLEDAI (of 4) and SFI (Remitting, stable and flaring). Non-parametric analysis of variance were used to compare changes in LIT against disease activity anchors. <h3>Results</h3> Mean (SD) age and SELENA-SLEDAI were 43.5 (13.2) yrs and 6.4 (7.3) respectively. PGA changed significantly for 270 visit data (Increased in 125, decreased in 145), while 360 visit data had unchanged PGA. SELENA-SLEDAI changed significantly among 65 visits (30 increased, 35 decreased), and remained stable among 184 visits. Significant changes in SFI were observed in 151 visit data (79 remitting, 72 flaring), while 463 visit data was stable. LIT scores trended towards significant and appropriate directions changes in response to changes in PGA (p=0.09). LIT scores responded significantly and in the appropriate direction for changes in SLEDAI (p 0.01) and SFI (0.002). Mean (Median) change in LIT was an increase of 3.2 (2.5) in response to SFI flared status, while a decrease of 3.0 (-2.5) with SFI remission. The mean (median) LIT change was -1.6 (0.0) in those with unchanged SFI status. <h3>Conclusions</h3> LIT is responsive to changes in SELENA Flare Index in routine patient care setting in SLE. It may now be used in clinical trials in SLE, besides use by patients and physicians in facilitating communication and tracking the disease impact in SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3373
Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide followed by tamoxifen, versus the combination of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog and tamoxifen, in the treatment of premenopausal endocrine-responsive node-negative breast cancer.
Authors: H Kim, W Lim, E Park, J Sei, B Koh, B Son, S Kim, J Ahn, G Gong, H Kim, K Jung, S Ahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1151 Purpose&amp;#x2028; To compare the efficacy of adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by tamoxifen (AC-&amp;gt;T) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog plus tamoxifen (GnRHa+T) in premenopausal women with hormone-response, node-negative breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; Patients and Methods &amp;#x2028; We retrospectively reviewed the records of 587 premenopausal women with hormone- responsive, node-negative breast cancer. Of these, 269 were treated with AC-&amp;gt;T, and 318 were treated with GnRHa (goserelin acetate 3.6 mg/kg or leuprorelin acetate 3.75 mg/kg every 28 days subcutaneously)+T. The main study outcome was disease-free survival (DFS).&amp;#x2028; Results&amp;#x2028; At a median follow-up time of 30 months, eight patients had relapsed and three had died. DFS did not differ between the AC-&amp;gt;T and GnRHa+T groups. Of the three deaths, two were not related to breast cancer. The third patient, in the AC -&amp;gt;T group, died because of brain metastasis. GnRHa+T treatment had no effect on blood profile and did not cause the development of detrimental symptoms but decreased bone mineral density. The efficacy of leuprorelin was similar to that of goserelin.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion &amp;#x2028; GnRHa +T and AC-&amp;gt;T had comparable efficacy after 30 months of follow-up. The efficacy and tolerability of leuprorelin acetate was similar to that of goserelin. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1151.
Abstract 2185: DLEU7 is a putative tumor suppressor in glioblastoma
Authors: Alexey A. Efanov, Alexey Palamarchuk, Nicola Zanesi, Natalia Nazaryan, Carlo M. Croce, Yuri Pekarsky
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract DLEU7 was first identified as a tumor suppressor in B-CLL. We previously showed that Dleu7 functions as a potent NF-kappaB and NFAT inhibitor. To investigate possible function of Dleu7 in brain tumorigenesis we carried out the real-time PCR of RNAs isolated from different parts of human brain, brain tumors and brain tumor cell lines and found that expression of DLEU7 significantly decreased in brain tumor cell lines and brain tumors (glioblastoma) in comparison with normal brain tissues. We further investigated the effect of DLEU7 expression in HTB-15 glioblastoma cell line. Our results showed that Dleu7 overexpression resulted in apoptosis and cell cycle halt. In addition, adenovirus-mediated DLEU7 expression resulted in 100 percent increase of caspase 3/7 activation compared to AdenoGFP control in HTB-15 cells. Our data indicate that DLEU7 may play a tumor suppressor role in glioblastoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2185. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2185
Diagnostic yield of EUS-FNA in the diagnosis of subepithelial lesions of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: C De Angelis, F Brizzi, M Goss, P Allegranza, M Bruno, P Carucci, E Maldi, D Pacchioni, G Accinelli, P Cassoni, P Francia di Celle, D Reggio, M Rizzetto
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) has become standard practice in the evaluation of subepithelial masses of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, since it allows a clear identification of the layer of origin of the lesion and its sampling. This kind of lesions needs a definite diagnosis because some of them, mainly the Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs), bear a malignant potential. However a tissue diagnosis is seldom necessary because usually treatment decisions can be planned mainly on clinical bases.
STOP CANCER Campaign Seeks to Raise $1 Billion Extra for Cancer Research
Authors: K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

STOP CANCER Campaign Seeks to Raise $1 Billion Extra for Cancer Research Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 18, 16 November 1988, Pages 1434–1435, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.18.1434 Published: 16 November 1988
Serial Next Generation Sequencing of Cfdna to Monitor Phase I Targeted Drug Administration
Authors: J. Frenel, S. Carreira, J. Goodall, D. Roda-Perez, A. Smith, J. Mateo, M. Ong, D. Gasi-Tandefelt, T.A. Yap, G. Attard, D. Nava-Rodrigues, L.R. Molife, S.B. Kaye, U. Banerji, J.S. de Bono
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Clarifying Human White Matter
Authors: Brian A. Wandell
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (2016)

Progress in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) now makes it possible to identify the major white matter tracts in the living human brain. These tracts are important because they carry many of the signals communicated between different brain regions. MRI methods coupled with biophysical modeling can measure the tissue properties and structural features of the tracts that impact our ability to think, feel, and perceive. This review describes the fundamental ideas of the MRI methods used to identify the major white matter tracts in the living human brain.
Attenuation of oxidant-induced lung injury by 21-aminosteroids (lazaroids): correlation with the mRNA expression for E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1.
Authors: R L Griffin, R F Krzesicki, S F Fidler, C L Rosenbloom, J A Auchampach, A M Manning, J V Haas, S K Cammarata, J E Chin, I M Richards
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

We compared the effects of treatment with methylprednisolone or the 21-aminosteroids, U-74389 and U-74006F (Tirilizad mesylate), on hyperoxic lung injury and the associated expression of mRNA for several adhesion molecules in rats. Inhalation of > 95% oxygen for up to 72 hr in Sprague-Dawley rats produced a marked increase in lung weight and an accumulation of fluid in the thorax when compared with air-breathing controls. Hyperoxia also induced a marked neutrophil-rich influx of inflammatory cells into the bronchial lumen as measured by bronchoalveolar lavage. Neutrophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid peaked after 60 hr of exposure to s 95% oxygen; this was associated with a marked upregulation of mRNA for the adhesion molecules P-selectin and E-selectin but not VCAM-1. mRNA for ICAM-1 was constitutively expressed at high levels in both air-breathing controls and in the lungs of rats exposed to high concentrations of oxygen. Pretreatment with the 21-aminosteroids reduced hyperoxic lung damage and improved survival times in animals exposed to > 95% oxygen. However, treatment with methylprednisolone significantly decreased survival times. Treatment with U-74389 did not significantly (p > 0.05) inhibit the BAL neutrophilia and did not significantly (p > 0.05) reduce hyperoxia-induced increases in mRNA expression for P-selectin and E-selectin. The inhibition of hyperoxic lung damage coupled with improved survival seen in treated animals suggests that 21-aminosteroids may provide valuable treatments for pulmonary disorders in which oxidant damage has been implicated.
Formalin Infiltration of the Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Abraham M. Rudolph, Michael A. Heymann, Noel Fishman, Jeffrey B. Lakier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

To circumvent the decreased pulmonary blood flow associated with closure of the ductus arteriosus in newborns with heart defects, we infiltrated buffered formalin solution into the wall of that structure to delay its closure. In four infants with pulmonary atresia in whom shunts had been unsuccessful or were technically not feasible, this procedure produced rapid improvement of arterial oxygen tension that was maintained in three infants for one to nine months. The other died of complications of attempted shunt procedures. In an infant with interrupted aortic arch and a large ventricular septal defect, formalin infiltration of the ductus and pulmonary arterial banding alleviated cardiac failure and improved lower-body perfusion. Formalin infiltration of the ductus is an effective palliative technic for treating certain congenital cardiac defects. No adverse effects have been noted. (N Engl J Med 292:1263–1268, 1975)
AB0411 The impact of irritable bowel syndrome on health related quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: M. García Carrasco, C. Mendoza Pinto, A. López-Colombo, S. Méndez-Martínez, M. Muñoz-Guarneros, G. Ramos-Álvarez, P. Munguía-Realpozo, I. Etcheragay-Morales, Á. Montiel-Jarquín, M. Lescas-Hernández, L. Vázquez de Lara, M. Schmulson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is impaired in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is highly prevalent and also reduces HRQOL. However, the relationship between IBS in SLE and its impact on HRLQOL has not been explored. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for IBS in patients with SLE and its impact on HRQOL. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with confirmed SLE according to American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria were included in this cross-sectional study. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded. HRQOL was assessed using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) instrument; fibromyalgia (FM) and depression symptoms were also evaluated. The diagnosis of IBS was based on the Rome III criteria. <h3>Results</h3> 105 women with SLE were included. The mean age and disease duration were 43.6±11.3 and 10.4±7.3 years, respectively. FM was present in 23.8% of patients. Fifty-one (48.6%) patients were diagnosed with IBS. The prevalence of IBS-C, IBS-D and IBS-M subtypes was 23.5%, 37.3% and 39.2%, respectively. IBS-C patients had higher depression scores than those of the other subtypes. Compared with non-IBS patients, those with IBS were more likely to have FM (33.0% vs. 14.8%; p= 0.02) and had higher SLE activity scores (2.5±8.6 vs. 1.7±2.0; p=0.03). Logistic multivariate analysis showed that IBS was significantly associated with depression and FM in SLE patients (OR= 1.07 95% CI: 1.02-1.13 and OR= 2.85 95% CI: 1.1-7.4, respectively). SF-36 scores were significantly lower in IBS patients compared with non-IBS patients (49.6 ± 18.5 vs. 62.6 ± 18.1; p = 0.025). There was a trend to a lower SF-36 lower global score in patients with IBS+FM compared to those without FM (p = 0.76). <h3>Conclusions</h3> IBS is highly prevalent among women with SLE. Risk factors for this association were depression and fibromyalgia. SLE patients with IBS have worse HRQOL, independently of the presence of FM. We suggest that treating IBS may improve HRQOL in patients with SLE. <h3>References</h3> Morgan DR, Squella FE, Pena E, Mearni F, Rey E, Enriquez-Blanco HE, et al. Multinational validation of the Spanish ROME III adult diagnostic questionnaire: comparable sensitivity and specificity to English instrument. Gastroenterology 2012;138:S386. Lopez-Colombo A, Morgan D, Bravo-González D, Montiel-Jarquín A, Méndez-Martínez S, Schmulson M. The epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders in Mexico: A population-based study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2012;2012:606174 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> We would like to thank to David Buss for the valuable guidance and advice in this project. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SAT0325 Fenofibrate effects on pain, function, cytokine production, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with erosive osteoarthritis:
Authors: I. Shirinsky, N. Kalinovskaya, O. Polovnikova, V. Shirinsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic properties of peroxisome proliferator-activated α (PPARα) receptor agonists (fibrates) suggest their utility in the treatment of various inflammatory rheumatic disorders associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. They include osteoarthritis (OA), particularly its erosive phenotype (EOA) characterized by pronounced synovial inflammation. Putative EOA biomarkers reflecting extent of chronic inflammation and increased risk of atherosclerosis are serum cytokines and adipokines. Another candidate biomarker for cardiovascular morbidity in OA is number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPC). There have been no published studies evaluating fenofibrate efficacy and its effects on systemic cytokine and adipokine production and EPC concentrations in patients with erosive OA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the influence of fenofibrate treatment on clinical efficacy parameters, in vivo cytokine and adipokine production and concentrations of EPC in patients with EOA. <h3>Methods</h3> EOA patients received treatment with 145 mg of fenofibrate per day for 12 weeks. The studied efficacy outcomes were pain levels (100 mm VAS), functional index for hand OA (FIHOA), Cochin index, patient and physician global assessment (100 mm VAS), tender and swollen joint count, duration of morning stiffness, and ESR. Response was assessed in accordance with OMERACT-OARSI criteria. Serum was obtained from each patient and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated on baseline and at week 12 of the treatment. TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1, IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-10, apiponectin and resistin were measured in sera using specific ELISA. Endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) counts in peripheral blood were evaluated by flow cytometry as CD34+/CD144+/CD3- cells within the lymphocyte gate. <h3>Results</h3> Fifteen patients (all women, median age 61 years, IQR 57-63) were enrolled in the study. Fenofibrate treatment was associated with significant decreases in pain score, TJC, morning stiffness, disease activity score, Cochen index, and ESR (Table). Eight (53%) patients developed OMERACT-OARSI response at the end of treatment. Serum IL-10 concentrations significantly (p=0.03) decreased while no changes in other studied cytokines and adipokines were detected. There were also no differences in circulating EPC numbers before and after the treatment. Fenofibrate was well tolerated, no patient experienced disease flare during the treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In EOA patients, treatment with fenofibrate is associated with decreased pain, improved hand function and ESR reduction but has no effect on pro-inflammatory cytokine and adipokine production as well as concentrations of circulating EPC. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Evaluating the Differential Effect of Diet on Rat Carcinogenesis
Authors: RICHARD SIMON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Evaluating the Differential Effect of Diet on Rat Carcinogenesis Get access RICHARD SIMON RICHARD SIMON Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 17, 4 September 1991, Pages 1261–1262, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.17.1261 Published: 04 September 1991