tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5003: β-catenin regulates multiple oncogenes in glioma
Authors: Xiao Yue, Lei Han, Fengming Lan, Yang Yang, Zhendong Shi, Jian Zou, Peiyu Pu, Chunsheng Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors. Understanding the molecular basis of gliomas progression is required to develop more effective therapies. Although, disregulated of Wnt/β-catenin pathway is a hallmark of many cancers, little is known about its role in human gliomas. The expression of components of Wnt pathway in 80 astrocytic glioma specimens with different grades was examined by immunohistochemistry. The protein expression levels of Wnt1, Wnt2, β-catenin and Cyclin D1 were positively correlated with World Health Organization (WHO) grades of gliomas. To explore whether β-catenin can serve as a therapeutic target for glioma, we knockdowned β-catenin expression by siRNA and found that apoptosis was induced, cell proliferation and invasive ability were inhibited in vitro in U87, LN229 and A172 cells; xenograft tumors from β-catenin siRNA-treated LN229 cells were suppressed in vivo. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we extracted gene/protein interactions by text mining Pubmed abstracts. Screening Pubmed by natural language processing, we identified 543 genes that interacted with β-catenin. Integrating multiple data sources through the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING), we created the β-catenin related genes knowledge-driven network, identifying and interactions of this network with EGFR pathway. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, our results confirmed down-regulation of β-catenin induced reduced expression of EGFR, STAT3 and AKT1 mRNA and protein, besides, the level of phosphorylated Akt also decreased. A similar reduction in expression of CyclinD1, MMP2 and MMP9, downstream genes of the EGFR pathway, was observed. We examined the promoter region of EGFR and STAT3 gene for regulating DNA-binding elements and revealed the presence of putative β-catenin/TCF-4-binding sites. Further, EGFR and STAT3 were identified as direct targets of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in glioma cells by ChIP and luciferase reporter assay. Taken together, we demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin pathway is overexpressed in glioma and correlats closely with the progression of gliomas and EGFR and STAT3 are regulated by β-catenin/TCF-4 at the transcriptional level and interruption of β-catenin supresses the EGFR pathway by blocking multiple oncogenic targets in human glioma cells. Wnt/β-catenin pathway is of critical importance in the gliomagenesis and intervention of this pathway may provide a new therapeutic approach for malignant gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5003. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5003
A randomized head-to-head study of small-bowel imaging comparing MiroCam and EndoCapsule
Authors: W. Dolak, S. Kulnigg-Dabsch, R. Evstatiev, C. Gasche, M. Trauner, A. Püspök
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aims</b>: The MiroCam is a new video capsule device offering a higher frame rate and a longer battery life-expectancy. We aimed to quantify its clinical impact and performed a randomized head-to-head comparison with the EndoCapsule device with respect to the rate of complete small-bowel examinations, diagnostic yield in the small bowel, and capsule transit time. <b>Patients and methods</b>: Patients referred for video capsule endoscopy because of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic diarrhea, and anemia of unknown origin were randomly assigned to swallow either the MiroCam first, followed by the EndoCapsule 2 hours later, or vice versa. All videos were analyzed by two independent investigators. <b>Results</b>: A total of 50 patients (median age 61, range 21 – 84) were included. Complete small-bowel examination was achieved in 48 /50 patients using the MiroCam and 45 /50 using the EndoCapsule (96 % vs. 90 %, odds ratio [OR] 2.67, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.49 – 14.45; <i>P</i> = 0.38). There was diagnostic yield in the small bowel for 25 /50 patients using the MiroCam and 24 /50 using the EndoCapsule (50 % vs. 48 %, OR 1.08, 95 %CI 0.49 – 2.37; <i>P</i> > 0.99). However, the findings were concordant in 68 % only (kappa = 0.50). The combined diagnostic yield was 58 %. Even solitary findings had a relevant clinical impact during a 6-month follow-up. <b>Conclusion</b>: In this direct comparison the MiroCam and EndoCapsule devices were not statistically different with regard to their rates of complete small-bowel examinations or diagnostic yield. Their moderate concordance, mainly caused by missed pathological findings, which affected both devices, needs consideration in clinical practice.
995 CYTOKINE AND CHEMOKINE PATTERNS IN HEPATIC VEIN SERUM DISTINGUISH PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LIVER FAILURE FROM OTHER LIVER DISEASES
Authors: P. Fytili, B. Schoenemeier, A.A. Negm, H. Wedemeyer, M.P. Manns, C.S. Falk, T.O. Lankisch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
What people may do versus can do
Authors: Deanna Kuhn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

Abstract It warrants examining how well people can come to argue under supportive conditions, not only what they do under ordinary conditions. Sustained engagement of young people in dialogic argumentation yields more than the temporary “contextual effect” that Mercier &amp; Sperber (M&amp;S) identify in the target article. If such engagement were to become the norm, who can say what the argumentive potential of future generations is?
When I use a word: When I use a mocking bird
Authors: J. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Of all types of slang, perhaps the best known is Cockney rhyming slang. It developed in London during the first half of the 19th century, at about the same time as Robert Peel was inaugurating his police force, perhaps to be used by criminals as a secret language that the slops (back slang, from ecilop) would not understand. Later, it spread with the convicts who were deported to Australia, and then to America, where it became known …
Abstract LB-150: Carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori infection induces base excision repair intermediates to trigger homologous-dependent repair in human gastric epithelial cells.
Authors: Dawit Kidane, Drew L Murphy, Joann.B Sweasy
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection of the human stomach is associated with disease-causing inflammation that elicits DNA damage in both bacterial and host cells. To investigate base excision repair (BER) as the first line of defense against bacterial infection to maintain host cell genomic stability, we examined H. pylori induced BER intermediates that could be responsible for double strand break (DSB) and homologous dependent repair (HDR). Here, we show that H. pylori infection significantly increases abasic sites (AP) that are not repaired by BER. As a result, unrepaired BER intermediates lead to slow replication fork speed and replication fork collapse that eventually is converted to double strand breaks. To determine if H. pylori infection enhances recombinational repair to process DSBs, we have analyzed the cells for homologous directed repair pathways. Direct measurement of HDR using a GFP-based assay demonstrates significantly increased HDR in cells infected with H. pylori. Our data suggest that H. pylori induced BER intermediates are required to activate homologous directed repair pathways. Therefore, our finding suggests that BER is the first line of defense against H. pylori induced DNA damage followed by HDR, to maintain genomic integrity of gastric cells. Citation Format: Dawit Kidane, Drew L Murphy, Joann.B Sweasy. Carcinogenic Helicobacter pylori infection induces base excision repair intermediates to trigger homologous-dependent repair in human gastric epithelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-150. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-150
J-SHAPED RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESTING HEART RATE AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERMANENT AF: RESULTS FROM THE OUTCOMES REGISTRY FOR BETTER INFORMED TREATMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (ORBIT-AF)
Authors: Benjamin Steinberg, Sunghee Kim, Laine Thomas, Gregg Fonarow, Bernard Gersh, Fredrik Holmqvist, Elaine Hylek, Peter Kowey, Kenneth Mahaffey, Gerald Naccarelli, James Reiffel, Paul Chang, Eric Peterson, Jonathan Piccini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Immune Interferon in the Circulation of Patients with Autoimmune Disease
Authors: John J. Hooks, Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos, Shirley A. Geis, Neil I. Stahl, John L. Decker, Abner Louis Notkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The observation that type II, or immune, interferon could be produced by peripheral-blood leukocytes in vitro on an immune-specific basis suggested that it also might be produced in vivo in various autoimmune disorders. We found immune interferon in the serums of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma and Sjögren's syndrome. Among 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 71 per cent of those with active and 21 per cent of those with inactive disease showed interferon in their serums. Serial serum samples showed a good correlation between interferon titers and disease activity. Moreover, interferon titers correlated positively with antibodies to DNA and negatively with serum levels of the third component of complement. It is possible that the production of interferon may contribute to immunologic aberrations in auto-immune diseases and also protect the already compromised host from viral infections.
Abstract 2251: Functional significance of prostate derived ETs factor in detection of highgrade prostate cancer
Authors: Sweaty Koul, Binod Kumar, Paul D. Maroni, randall B. Meacham, Hari K. Koul
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Conventional therapies produce a high rate of cure for patients with localized prostate cancer, but there is, at present, no effective treatment for intervention in metastatic prostate cancer. These facts underline the need to develop new approaches for early diagnosis of aggressive prostate cancer patients, and mechanism based anti-metastasis therapies that will improve the outlook for hormone-refractory prostate cancer. In this study we evaluated role of prostate-derived Ets factor (PDEF) in prostate cancer. METHODS: PDEF and MMP9 expression was assayed by Immuno-histochemical methods in Prostate Cancer tissue microarrays. PDEF expression in cell lines was investigated using Western Blot analysis. We constructed cells with stable expression of PDEF using a retroviral vector or knocked down PDEF in cells using PDEF specific SiRNA. Cell migration, invasion and clonogenic activity were monitored using scratch assays, Matrigel invasion assays and growth in soft agar respectively. RESULTS: We observed decrease of PDEF expression in prostate cancer cell lines correlated with increased aggressive phenotype, and complete loss of PDEF protein in metastatic prostate cancer cell lines. Loss of PDEF expression was confirmed in high Gleason Grade prostate cancer samples by immunohistochemical methods. Our results also demonstrated that PDEF down regulated MMP-9 promoter activity, suppressed MMP9 mRNA expression, and resulted in loss of MMP9 activity in prostate cancer cells. These results suggested that loss of PDEF might be associated with increased MMP9 expression and activity in aggressive prostate cancer. To confirm results we investigated MMP9 expression in clinical samples of prostate cancer. Results of these studies show increased MMP9 expression correlated with advanced Gleason grade. Taken together our results demonstrate that decreased PDEF expression and increased MMP-9 expression during the transition to aggressive prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: These studies demonstrate for the first time negative regulation of MMP9 expression by PDEF, that PDEF expression was lost in aggressive prostate cancer and was inversely associated with MMP-9 expression in clinical samples of prostate cancer. Based on these exciting results we propose that loss of PDEF along with increased MMP9 expression should serve as novel markers for early detection of aggressive prostate cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2251.
Why Monitor Angiogenic factors in Patients' Urine?
Authors: A. Wellstein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

5:151-159. 1991 (8) Lane DP, Benchimol S: p53: oncogene or anti-oncogene? Genes Dev 4:1-8, 1990 (9) Finlay CA, Hinds PW, Levine AJ: The p53 proto-oncogene can act as a suppressor of transformation. Cell 57:1083-1093, 1989 (10) Nigro JM, Baker SJ, Preisinger AC, et al: Mutations in the p53 gene occur in diverse human tumour types. Nature 342:705-708, 1989 (/ / ) Caron de Fromentel C, Soussi T: TP53 tumor suppressor gene: a mode] for investigating human mutagenesis. Genes Chromosom Cancer 4:1-15, 1992 (12) Harris CC: p53: at the crossroads of molecular carcinogenesis and risk assessment. Science 262:1980-1981, 1993 (13) The Best Science of 1992. Time 4 January:62, 1992 (14) Molecule of the Year—p53 sweeps through cancer research. Science 262:1958-1959, 1993 (15) Kastan MB, Onyekwere O, Sidransky D, ct al: Participation of p53 protein in the cellular response to DNA damage. Cancer Res 51:63046311, 1991 (16) Kastan MB, Zhan Q, el-Deiry WS, et al: A mammalian cell cycle checkpoint pathway utilizing p53 and GADD45 is defective in ataxiatelangiectasia. Cell 71:587-597, 1992 (17) Lane DP: Cancer. p53, guardian of the genome. Nature 358:15-16, 1992 (IS) Lowe SW, Schmitt EM, Smith SW, et al: p53 is required for radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse thymocytes. Nature 362:847849, 1993 (19) Clarke AR, Purdie CA, Harrison DJ, et al: Thymocyte apoptosis induced by p53-dependent and independent pathways. Nature 362:849-852, 1993 (20) Harper JW, Adami GR, Wei N, et al: The p21 Cdk-interacling protein Cipl is a potent inhibitor of Gl cyclin-dependent kinases. Cell 75:805-816, 1993 (21) el-Deiry WS, Tokino T, Velculescu VE, et al: WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell 75:817-825, 1993 (22) Kyritsis AP, Bondy ML, Xiao M, et al: Germline p53 gene mutations in subsets of glioma patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 86:344-349. 1994 (23) Malkin D: The Li-Fraumeni syndrome. In Principles and Practice of Oncology Updates (DeVita VT Jr. Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds), vol 7. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1993, pp 1-14
Abstract P5-14-20: Clinical Features of Surgical Resection for Solitary Pulmonary Metastasis and the Discrepancy in Immunopathological Features between Primary and Metastatic Breast Cancer Lesions
Authors: T Shien, T Nogami, H Doihara, R Nishimura, D Takabatake, H Masuda, H Ikeda, N Taira, S. Ohsumi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The treatment for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is usually systemic therapy decided by the hormone and HER2 status of primary breast cancer lesion. There are some reports about the discrepancy in hormone and HER2 status between primary and metastatic lesion in these days. We have reported previously that the expression of ALDH-1 which considered the pathological markers of breast cancer stem cell in axillary lymph node matastases is a significant predictor of poor outcome in primary breast cancer patients (Figure 1). We evaluated the role of surgery in the diagnosis and treatment of a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) in breast cancer patients and demonstrated the significance of analyzing the immunopathological features in metastatic breast cancer lesion. Methods: Between 1990 and 2006, 17 patients (PM) with SPN which were diagnosed breast cancer metastases underwent complete pulmonary resection and 36 MBC patients (AP) underwent autopsy after breast cancer related death in our hospitals. We retrospectively analyzed clinicopathological features and the expression of ER, HER2, Ki-67 and ALDH-1 in both primary and metastatic breast cancer lesions. Results: The median age of PM patients was 53 (range 30-80). All PM patients had not other metastases and had undergone curative breast cancer operation. The pulmonary operation were partial pulmonary resection in 15(88%) and lobectomy in 2 (12%) patients. The median disease free survival (DFS) was 63 months (range 9-175). Median overall survival (OS) was 181 months and the median OS after pulmonary operation was 48 months. The median DFS and OS of AP patients were 21 and 43 months. All AP patients had multiple visceral metastases. We compared the immunohistlogical status between primary and metastatic lesion and evaluated the colletation with these status in metastatic lesion and prognosis in all patients. Conclusion: Pulmonary resection was effective to diagnose and the OS after resection was relatively long in PM patients. We report the value of the expression of ER, HER2, Ki67 and ALDH-1 in distant metastatic lesions. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-20.
PMO-034 Compliance with the must screening tool for medical in patients: Abstract PMO-034 Table 1
Authors: J Middleton, H Farnsworth, G Singh
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommends that screening tools such as the five step MUST (Malnutrition universal screening tool) be used on patients admitted to hospital and weekly thereafter.<sup>1</sup> Early identification of nutritionally deficient patients is vital so that nutritional intervention can be targeted. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients (n=80) on four general medical wards were reviewed and followed up for 4 weeks or until discharged. Medical and nursing notes were assessed to see if MUST scoring was used and if the appropriate intervention was carried out based on the MUST score. The trust policy is that 100% compliance should be achieved in the use of MUST for inpatients. <h3>Results</h3> The Abstract PMO-034 table 1 shows that compliance with the nutritional screening tool is below the expected standard of 100% and slowly reduces over the first 4 weeks from admission. There were 14 instances of MUST score 1 but this resulted in only 36% of patients being given a high energy diet and 57% of patients being placed on a food diary. There were 28 instances of MUST score 2–3, but this led to only 46% of patients being placed on a high energy diet and 68% of patients being placed on a food chart. There were six instances of MUST score 4–6, however this led to only 50% of patients on a high energy diet, 67% of patients being placed on a food chart although 100% of these patients were referred to a dietician. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The adherence to nutritional scoring in medical patients is high but below the expected 100%. As time goes by the adherence to weekly screening drops slowly. Although there is a relatively high adherence to working out the MUST score, the final step in the screening tool which concentrates on nutritional intervention is disappointingly low. Continued education for both medical and nursing staff is needed so that targeted nutritional intervention can be delivered more effectively. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>NICE</b>. <i>Clinical Guidance 32. Nutrition Support in Adults</i>. 2006
The ACO Regulations — Some Answers, More Questions
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Recognizing that physicians allocate most of our health care resources, Congress and the Obama administration challenged doctors in the Affordable Care Act (ACA) to develop more ac-countable, quality-driven health care delivery systems, promising performance bonuses for those who succeed. The vehicle that Congress created for tackling this task is the accountable care organization (ACO), which is built on a strong foundation of primary care.1 To qualify as an ACO, a group of health care providers must have the capacity to deliver the full continuum of care to at least 5000 Medicare beneficiaries and to be held accountable for the costs . . .
Détection précoce de la maladie aiguë du greffon contre l'hôte par vidéo-capsule endoscopique et endomicroscopie confocale: vers un algorithme de détection endoscopique moins invasif?
Authors: V Laurent, E Coron, T Matysiak-Budnik, M de Préville, JF Mosnier, M Mohty, JP Galmiche
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: La maladie aiguë du greffon contre l'hôte (GVH) est une complication grave et potentiellement mortelle de l'allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques. Elle peut atteindre l'ensemble du tube digestif de façon localisée ou diffuse. L'exploration endoscopique sous sédation est un examen invasif chez ces patients fragiles. De plus, les biopsies standards s'accompagnent d'un risque plus élevé de complications hémorragiques en raison de fréquents troubles de l'hémostase. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer si la vidéo-capsule endoscopique (VCE) et l'endomicroscopie confocale (EMC, Cellvizio® permettaient de détecter précocement la GVH aiguë chez des patients ayant eu une allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques.