tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-064 Inflammatory bowel disease hospital episodes differ between south asian and white european ethnic groups in england: Abstract PTH-064 Table 1
Authors: R Misra, A Askari, O Faiz, R Cooney, S Pattni, N Arebi
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Previous studies suggest changing incidence and prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in migrant groups, particularly South Asians. Most of these studies were retrospective and within local hospital settings. They also suggest a different phenotype: pan-colonic ulcerative colitis (UC) was commoner in migrants from India compared with Caucasians. One study in East London reported on differing phenotype of Crohn’s disease (CD) in Bangladeshis; they developed perianal complications, received anti-TNFs earlier and underwent surgery later than Caucasians. We examined the ethnic diversity of patients with IBD attending hospitals in England. <h3>Method</h3> We identified patients from a national hospital episodes statistics (HES) database between 1997–2012. The database captures all hospital episodes between these dates. Patients were identified according to ICD-10 diagnosis code; K51 for UC and K52 for CD. Only patients with a documented ethnicity code were included. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with an ethnicity code and a diagnosis of UC and CD are shown in Table 1. Only 35.3% of cases had an ethnicity code. The majority of patients were of White European (Caucasian) descent. In Bangladeshis, CD was commoner than UC in contrast to Indian and Pakistani ethnic groups where UC was commoner than CD. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Bangladeshis are more likely to have CD compared with Indians and Pakistanis and require more hospital interventions for CD than UC. This may represent a more aggressive phenotype consistent with previous literature. This data is limited by the nature of the HES database: retrospective, hospital episodes and incomplete coding for ethnicity. Prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and explore underlying reasons for the difference. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Hair pulling in a patient with Sydenham's chorea
Authors: D J Stein, C Wessels, J Carr, S Hawkridge, C Bouwer, N Kalis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

nightmares), apparently because of their association with a stressful and unresolved experience in childhood.Careful, thematic assessment, a practice emphasized in the literature (3), may assist in future efforts to uncover factors associated with the development of peacekeeping-related PTSD.
Acylpyruvase Activity of Certain Normal and Neoplastic Tissues
Authors: Alton Meister
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1948)

Journal Article Acylpyruvase Activity of Certain Normal and Neoplastic Tissues Get access Alton Meister Alton Meister senior assistant surgeon National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 9, Issue 2, October 1948, Pages 125–127, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/9.2.125 Published: 01 October 1948 Article history Received: 19 July 1948 Published: 01 October 1948
A Phase I/II Trial Of Cyclophosphamide, Carfilzomib, Thalidomide and Dexamethasone (CYCLONE) In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Final Results Of MTD Expansion Cohort
Authors: Joseph R. Mikhael, Craig B. Reeder, Edward N. Libby, Luciano J Costa, Peter Leif Bergsagel, Francis Buadi, Angela Mayo, Katherine Gano, Cassandra Wolf, Amylou Constance Dueck, A. Keith Stewart
Journal: Blood (2013)
P-062 Correlation of histological Tumor Regression Grading (TRG) with radiological response and long-term outcome after preoperative chemotherapy for Colorectal Liver Metastases: a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: R. Inada, K. Murotani, S. Iwamoto, M. Kaibori, M. Ishizaki, H. Iida, K. Matsui, M. Oishi, T. Mastumoto, T. Michiura, K. Inoue, H. Mishima, M. Kon, M. Hamada
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
The antigenic complex in HIT binds to B cells via complement and complement receptor 2 (CD21)
Authors: Sanjay Khandelwal, Grace M. Lee, C. Garren Hester, Mortimer Poncz, Steven E. McKenzie, Bruce S. Sachais, Lubica Rauova, Garnett Kelsoe, Douglas B. Cines, Michael Frank, Gowthami M. Arepally
Journal: Blood (2016)
Plant based treatments give modest improvement in menopausal symptoms, review finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Some plant based treatments achieve modest reductions in the severity and frequency of menopausal symptoms, a systematic review and meta-analysis has found.

The research,1 published in JAMA, found that some plant based treatments were associated with reductions in the frequency of hot flushes and vaginal dryness but achieved no significant reduction in night sweats. However, the general quality of the evidence was suboptimal and further rigorous studies are needed, said the researchers.

Some 40-50% of women in Western countries are …
Sequential pathogenesis of metastatic VHL mutant clear cell renal cell carcinoma: putting it together with a translational perspective
Authors: N. Shenoy, L. Pagliaro
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for ∼80% of all RCC, and biallelic Von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene defects occur in ∼75% of sporadic ccRCC. The etiopathogenesis of VHL mutant metastatic RCC, based on our understanding to date of molecular mechanisms involved, is a sequence of events which can be grouped under the following: (i) loss of VHL activity (germline/somatic mutation + inactivation of the wild-type copy); (ii) constitutive activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway due to loss of VHL activity and transcription of genes involved in angiogenesis, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion, metastasis, survival, anaerobic glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway; (iii) interactions of the HIF pathway with other oncogenic pathways; (iv) genome-wide epigenetic changes (potentially driven by an overactive HIF pathway) and the influence of epigenetics on various oncogenic, apoptotic, cell cycle regulatory and mismatch repair pathways (inhibition of multiple tumor suppressor genes); (v) immune evasion, at least partially caused by changes in the epigenome. These mechanisms interact throughout the pathogenesis and progression of disease, and also confer chemoresistance and radioresistance, making it one of the most difficult metastatic cancers to treat. This article puts together the sequential pathogenesis of VHL mutant ccRCC by elaborating these mechanisms and the interplay of oncogenic pathways, epigenetics, metabolism and immune evasion, with a perspective on potential therapeutic strategies. We reflect on the huge gap between our understanding of the molecular biology and currently accepted standard of care in metastatic ccRCC, and present ideas for better translational research involving therapeutic strategies with combinatorial drug approach, targeting different aspects of the pathogenesis.
Pernicious Anemia Mimicking MDS by Del(3p) in Cytogenetics and Monocytic Leukemia in Trephine Biopsy by Highly Expression of CD163 Positive Cells
Authors: Stefani Parmentier, Jörg Meinel, Christiane Jakob, Anke Frömmel, Brigitte Mohr, Gerhard Ehninger, Markus Schaich, Uwe Platzbecker
Journal: Blood (2011)
Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPRJ/DEP-1 Is an Essential Promoter of Vascular Permeability, Angiogenesis, and Tumor Progression
Authors: Patrick Fournier, Sylvie Dussault, Alfredo Fusco, Alain Rivard, Isabelle Royal
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPRJ/DEP-1 has been implicated in negative growth regulation in endothelial cells, where its expression varies at transitions between proliferation and contact inhibition. However, in the same cells, DEP-1 has also been implicated in VEGF-dependent Src activation, permeability, and capillary formation, suggesting a positive role in regulating these functions. To resolve this dichotomy in vivo, we investigated postnatal angiogenesis and vascular permeability in a DEP-1-deficient mouse. In this study, we report that DEP-1 is required for Src activation and phosphorylation of its endothelial cell-specific substrate, VE-cadherin, after systemic injection of VEGF. Accordingly, VEGF-induced vascular leakage was abrogated in the DEP-1-deficient mice. Furthermore, capillary formation was impaired in murine aortic tissue rings or Matrigel plugs infused with VEGF. In the absence of DEP-1, angiogenesis triggered by ischemia or during tumor formation was defective, which in the latter case was associated with reduced tumor cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Macrophage infiltration was also impaired, reflecting reduced vascular permeability in the tumors or a possible cell autonomous effect of DEP-1. Consequently, the formation of spontaneous and experimental lung metastases was strongly decreased in DEP-1-deficient mice. In clinical specimens of cancer, less vascularized tumors exhibited lower microvascular expression of DEP-1. Altogether, our results established DEP-1 as an essential driver of VEGF-dependent permeability, angiogenesis, and metastasis, suggesting a novel therapeutic route to cancer treatment. Cancer Res; 76(17); 5080-91. ©2016 AACR.
US has worst traffic accident death rate among high income countries
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The US could dramatically reduce the number of people killed each year in road traffic accidents if it adopted the safety practices of other high income countries, a new study by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has found.1

Currently more than 32 000 people in the US die in road traffic accidents a year and more than 2 million suffer non-fatal injuries.

CDC researchers analyzed data compiled by the World Health Organization and the Organization for …
PD-038 Exposure-Response relationship of second-line ramucirumab in East Asian patients with advanced gastric cancer from RAINBOW, a global, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 study
Authors: T.Y. Kim, C.-J. Yen, S.-E. Al-Batran, L. Gao, D. Ferry, Y. Hsu, R. Cheng, M. Orlando, A. Ohtsu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Medicine and multimedia: Moral Panics
Authors: A M Daniels
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The idea that morals, especially among the young, are deteriorating is not a new one: indeed, it is probably as old as civilisation itself. It either supposes that there was a golden age, when everyone behaved as he or she should, or is a straightforward misperception caused by advancing age.

Kenneth Thompson, professor of sociology at the Open University, attempts in his short book both to describe and explain what have been called moral panics. He provides no clear definition of a moral panic, but, in essence, it seems to be an overreaction to, and magnification of, untoward events that are taken to symbolise a breakdown in the social order. He believes that Britain is peculiarly susceptible to this phenomenon, though whether this belief arises from epidemiological research or greater familiarity with Britain than anywhere else is not certain. Among the examples he gives are the reactions to the clashes between Mods and Rockers in Clacton at Easter in 1964, to the rise in street robbery, and to the increase in violence in general.

He blames the press, particularly the tabloids, for our susceptibility to moral panic. Unfortunately, while he excoriates this press for its moral prejudice, he is at least as morally prejudiced himself, though in a different direction. For example, he claims that the tabloid press gives insufficient publicity to sexual abuse, relative to that which it gives other moral derelictions, because the existence of sexual abuse throws a lurid light on the family, the structure of which the tabloids claim otherwise to support against the forces of disintegration. However, it is quite clear that all forms of child abuse are much more common in the “unconventional” family structures of which the author so clearly approves than they are in the traditional family, against which he displays his animus. One might therefore expect moralising tabloids to give the issue more, not less, publicity.

In general, the author writes as if he alone had direct access to social reality unmediated by preconceptions. One person’s panic is another’s justified concern, however, and if Thompson had been writing his book in Germany in 1932, when Nazism seemed to be a waning political force, he might have said that the dire warnings about the party that appeared in the Munich Post were evidence of moral panic.

Concern about a rise in violence may seem to him exaggerated and evidence of a social neurosis. All I can say is that in my hospital we now have, not only a corps of security men, but a police station as well, and still the nurses are sometimes assaulted.
The medical student's choice of psychiatry as a career: a survey of one graduating class
Authors: M K Crowder, M H Hollender
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors distributed a questionnaire to all members of a medical school graduating class (N = 85) to identify those students who had "seriously considered psychiatry as a career choice at any time." Eight such students were identified, 5 of whom chose specialties other than psychiatry. The authors' objective was to identify the critical factors in these 8 students' final selection. Their results support the importance of the clinical clerkship in the students' decision making; the results also indicate considerable shifting in career choice during the students' medical school years and reveal a strong antipsychiatry bias on the part of nonpsychiatric faculty.
The basal subtype to predict clinical benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Final results from a phase II clinical trial of DDMVAC plus bevacizumab.
Authors: Arlene O. Siefker-Radtke, Woonyoung Choi, Sima P. Porten, Yu Shen, Ashish M. Kamat, Surena F. Matin, Colin P. N. Dinney, Bogdan Czerniak, David James McConkey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

291 Background: Gene expression profiling (GEP) suggests 3 main subtypes of urothelial cancer: basal, which historically has the worst prognosis with high proliferation and HIF-1 expression; p53-like, with decreased proliferation and increased markers of extracellular matrix (ECM); and luminal which has increased proliferation compared to p53-like tumors. We hypothesized that GEP of transurethral resections (TUR) and cystectomy specimens from patients on a neoadjuvant trial would predict benefit from chemotherapy. Methods: Sixty patients enrolled on a neoadjuvant trial of DDMVAC+B. TUR and cystectomy specimens were available for gene expression profiling in 39 and 33 patients, respectively, with matched specimens in 23 patients. The validation set consisted of 49 patients treated with perioperative MVAC on a previously published clinical trial. Results: Chemotherapy was quite active with pT0N0 and ≤ pT1N0 down-staging rates of 38% and 53%, respectively. Basal tumors had improved survival compared to luminal and p53-like (5-year OS 91%, 73% and 36%, p=0.015). A validation cohort of patients treated with perioperative MVAC confirmed this survival benefit (5-year OS basal, luminal, and p53-like 77%, 57%, and 57%, respectively, p =0.027). The use of bevacizumab in basal tumors did not confirm evidence of significant benefit in these small numbers of patients (5-year OS bevacizumab: 91% vs MVAC: 77%, p=0.68) Bone metastases within 2 years associated exclusively with the p53-like subtype (p53-like: 100%, luminal: 0%, basal 0%, p≤0.001). The p53-like subtype was enriched at cystectomy (basal to p53-like in 3/5 (60%), luminal to p53-like in 5/7 (71%), suggesting chemo-resistance in p53-like tumors. Conclusions: In contrast to historical expectations, the basal subtype was predictive of clinical outcomes from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, reflecting the impact of chemotherapy on highly proliferative tumors. Bone metastases were associated with the p53-like subtype which is enriched for ECM. We can no longer think of urothelial cancer as one disease; subtyping should be considered for all tumors, and may have implications on selecting therapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00506155.
Tailored dendritic core-multishell nanocarriers for efficient dermal drug delivery: A systematic top-down approach from synthesis to preclinical testing
Authors: Stefan Hönzke, Christian Gerecke, Anja Elpelt, Nan Zhang, Michael Unbehauen, Vivian Kral, Emanuel Fleige, Florian Paulus, Rainer Haag, Monika Schäfer-Korting, Burkhard Kleuser, Sarah Hedtrich
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Authors: R A Schwartz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a rare but life-threatening disorder of children and adults in which the skin peels off in sheets and mucosal surfaces slough. It is best viewed as a severe from of erythema multiforme, with even more extreme involvement than one sees with the Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). However, the distinction between TEN and SJS is not clear, as there are a number of overlapping definitions. TEN usually represents an idiosyncratic hypersensitivity to a medication, but may result from a variety of infections, or have no clear linkage. Sulfonamide antibiotics, barbiturates, carbamazepine, and allopurinol seem to be the most common offending agents. TEN usually has an acute onset one to three weeks after ingestion of the offending drug. TEN requires distinction from staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, as treatment is different.
Regulation of Respiration
Authors: Albert J. Berger, Robert A. Mitchell, John W. Severinghaus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Integrated Regulation of VentilationIn the previous sections we have analyzed two of the major components of the respiratory control system: the sensors, and the central controller. In this section we shall discuss the relations between ventilation and various stimuli. In normal man ventilation is stimulated by hypercapnia, hypoxemia and acidemia. Quantitative descriptions of and the mechanisms for the acute ventilatory responses to these stimuli are well known. Some uncertainty still exists concerning the mechanisms for the chronic responses to both hypoxemia and acidemia. A number of graphic models of average responses have been derived primarily from human studies. These models . . .
Endothelial Cell-Selective Adhesion Molecule Marks Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells Regardless Of The HSC Sources
Authors: Tomohiko Ishibashi, Takafumi Yokota, Michiko Ichii, Yusuke Satoh, Takao Sudo, Yukiko Doi, Natsuko Fujita, Yasuhiro Nagate, Yuri Hamanaka, Keiko Matsui, Akira Tanimura, Norimitsu Saitoh, Sachiko Ezoe, Hirohiko Shibayama, Paul W. Kincade, Kenji Oritani, Yuzuru Kanakura
Journal: Blood (2013)
Influenza surveillance -- United States, 1992-93 and 1993-94; Surveillance for silicosis, 1993 -- Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Texas, and Wisconsin
Authors: Nancy H. Arden, T . Lynnette Brammer, Robert M. Castellan, Nancy Cox, Keiji Fukuda, Steven Game, Ruth A. Jajosky, Ali S. Khan, Helen L. Regnery, Leone M. Schmeltz, Lawrence B. Schonberger, Lone Simonsen
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (1997)
Concordance of a point mutation 5' to the A gamma-globin gene with A gamma beta + hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin in Greeks
Authors: PG Waber, MA Bender, RE Gelinas, C Kattamis, A Karaklis, K Sofroniadou, G Stamatoyannopoulos, FS Collins, BG Forget, HH Jr Kazazian
Journal: Blood (1986)
Case 10-1976
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Joseph K. Perloff, John T. Fallon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 35-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of cyanotic congenital heart disease.He was born of an uncomplicated pregnancy; no abnormality was detected at birth. His growth and development were considered normal until the age of two years, when pneumonia developed, and a murmur and cyanosis were first noted; he recovered but remained cyanotic. He participated in sports, performed heavy farm chores and played varsity baseball in college. He was free of symptoms until two years before entry, when he was admitted to another hospital because of fever and chills and an . . .
Progressive Aortic Dilation Is Regulated by miR-17–Associated miRNAs
Authors: Jie Wu, Hui-Fang Song, Shu-Hong Li, Jian Guo, Katherine Tsang, Laura Tumiati, Jagdish Butany, Terrence M. Yau, Maral Ouzounian, Songbin Fu, Tirone E. David, Richard D. Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Ectopic and Visceral Fat Deposition in Lean and Obese Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Eylem Levelt, Michael Pavlides, Rajarshi Banerjee, Masliza Mahmod, Catherine Kelly, Joanna Sellwood, Rina Ariga, Sheena Thomas, Jane Francis, Christopher Rodgers, William Clarke, Nikant Sabharwal, Charalambos Antoniades, Jurgen Schneider, Matthew Robson, Kieran Clarke, Theodoros Karamitsos, Oliver Rider, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiomyopathy, and cardiovascular mortality. Both show stronger links between ectopic and visceral fat deposition, and an increased cardiometabolic risk compared with subcutaneous fat.
Post-invasion events after infection with Staphylococcus aureus are strongly dependent on both the host cell type and the infecting S. aureus strain
Authors: M. Strobel, H. Pförtner, L. Tuchscherr, U. Völker, F. Schmidt, N. Kramko, H.-J. Schnittler, M.J. Fraunholz, B. Löffler, G. Peters, S. Niemann
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)