tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The frequency and factors for occurrence of asbestos-related diseases in the rural of Sivas localised on central Anatolia (cross sectional epidemiologic study)
Authors: Isa Döngel, Mehmet Bayram, Huseyin Yalcin, Sefa Gültürk, Nur Dilek Bakan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective:  To determine the rate and affecting factors of asbestos-related diseases (ARD) in the villages close to ophiolitic units in the rural of Sivas, central Anatolia in Turkey.   Methods:  Volunteers (age>35, >20 years resident) from villages close to ophiolitic units and from villages >20 km distant to ophiolitic units as control group were included. Chest X-rays and questionnaire for demographical data and respiratory symptoms were performed. A geological map was used to measure the distance between ophiolitic units and villages. Samples were taken from houses and soil sources and analyzed for asbestos with X-ray diffraction.   Results:  2987 volunteers (1148 male, 1839 female) from 48 villages close to ophiolitic units and 157 (91 male, 66 female) volunteers from 6 villages far to ophiolitic units were included. Mean age of study and control groups were 55.2 and 57.3 respectively. 292 patients (3 malignant mesothelioma, 289 pleural plaque) with ARD were identified from villages close to ophiolitic units. No ARD was identified in control group. Factors affecting ARD risk were male sex (OR:3.1,p=0.00), advanced age (OR:1.05 for every year of age,p=0.00), residency close to ophiolitic units (for each 1 km 12% increase) and, decrease in BMI (for each 1 unit 3.6% increase) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. Serpentine was found in samples of villages close to ophiolitic units, no asbestos was found in control villages.   Conclusion:  ARD rate is high in residents close to ophiolitic units in rural Sivas. Factors associated with ARD development were advanced age, male sex and living close to ophiolitic units.
GNA13 loss in germinal center B cells leads to impaired apoptosis and promotes lymphoma in vivo
Authors: Jane A. Healy, Adrienne Nugent, Rachel E. Rempel, Andrea B. Moffitt, Nicholas S. Davis, Xiaoyu Jiang, Jennifer R. Shingleton, Jenny Zhang, Cassandra Love, Jyotishka Datta, Matthew E. McKinney, Tiffany J. Tzeng, Nina Wettschureck, Stefan Offermanns, Katelyn A. Walzer, Jen-Tsan Chi, Suhail A. K. Rasheed, Patrick J. Casey, Izidore S. Lossos, Sandeep S. Dave
Journal: Blood (2016)
PARE0006 Facilitators and Barriers of Patients with SPA to Physical Exercise:
Authors: J. Loza, L. Carmona, P. Zarco, M.T. Flόrez
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Non-adherence to exercise is not uncommon in spondyloartritis (SpA). The extent to which patients with SPA are adhering to exercise as remains unclear. Understanding patient perceptions about the benefits and barriers to exercise could aid in focusing nonpharmacological strategies to improve outcomes. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore barriers and facilitators of patients with SpA to exercise. <h3>Methods</h3> Two discussion groups were organized, both recorded and analyzed using specific software for qualitative analysis of speech. The analysis was developed to identify the factors that influence exercise adherence as well as to describe relationships between them. The results were synthesized as follows 1) Segmentation according to thematic criteria, 2) Categorization according to situations, relationships, opinions, feelings or others, 3) Codification of the different categories and 4) Interpretation of results. <h3>Results</h3> We found 4 different stages of coping with the exercise or physical activity in SpA: 1) the onset of the disease, in which patients feel scared but receptive; 2) the stabilization phase: important increase of self-confidence and interest in patients9 associations and exercise specialists; 3) expert-patient phase: the patient is typically relaxed; 4) disease flares. The following table shows main facilitators and barriers identified. In addition, a series of neutral or discordant factors including stress, time, and exercise at home or paying for exercising were also identified. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Apart from recognizing that some personal factors should be modified, patients generally demand more knowledge and learning about physical exercise and about the pros and cons of it in the context of their disease. Consistency of messages received and better monitors accompanying them in their disease-and-exercise-coping process are important facilitators to exercise adherence. Patients9 associations can disseminate much more information, in addition to support and provide advice to patients based on their prior experience. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Funded by an unrestricted grant from Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme (Spain). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Medicine and books: Wit and Fizz: Selected Works of Ruth Holland
Authors: Michael O’Donnell
Journal: BMJ (1998)

BMJ Books, £12.95, pp 128 ISBN 0 7279 12801 

“He literally brought the house down,” says Paul Crossley on Radio 3. “Yes,” says Michael Berkeley. “It was very exciting the way he set the hall alight.” 

Maybe the sporting challenge of competitive piano playing exempts commentators from listening to what they’re saying. Essayists can’t afford that indulgence. Ruth Holland listens to every word that she uses and, as a result, she doesn’t write at us but talks to us. Here’s how she started a book review for this journal: 

“In time back way back, as they say in Riddley Walker (a work of imaginative genius, mention of which can only raise the tone around here), life was a lot simpler. One was born, grew up, fed, slept, reproduced, and died—no messing. We’ve worked on that, though, yessir. Nowadays you might not even have entered the womb by the traditional route, and leaving it isn’t a private matter between you and your mother but a nine months’ run of a large cast, all-star, amazing Technicolor medical extravaganza, complete with special effects.” 

The scattered fragments of the Holland oeuvre have now been gathered into a book that I suspect will stay by my bedside till the end of my natural because Ruth, until her tragic death in 1996, was very much a writer’s writer—is a writer’s writer for, as she explains, “in literature, time and distance mean nothing; you can meet the dead just as happily as the living, and they will take you into their confidence, tell you their jokes, give you the benefit of their opinions and experience, and ask for nothing in return but your eye on the book.” 

Wit and Fizz offers us the chance to stroll the byways of medicine with a beguiling guide who is not just impish—a reading of her pastiche of the Pooter style of medical autobiography provoked those attending her memorial gathering to raucous mirth—but records her observations in an interesting way. “Nothing brings on the yawns more quickly than earnest self-revelation.... Most people’s souls, like their bodies, are best kept decently covered.” 

Words left to speak for themselves can sometimes work surrealistic magic—an ambulance driver once told me, “I’d give my right arm to be able to play the guitar”—but the true sorcerers are writers like Ruth who have an ear for the rhythm of language and know the value of every word that they choose. This collection is a splendid memorial to someone well worth remembering.
PTU-267 Do non-responders to bowel cancer screening (bcs) present with advanced stage of colorectal cancer?
Authors: M Al Ani, A Moinie, E Kalakouti, E Mostafavi, Q Iqbal, A Prabhudesai
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bowel cancer screening (BSC) is important to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) before it becomes symptomatic in order to improve overall outcomes. It was noted that a higher proportion of patients presented with advanced CRC to our Unit, compared to the national average. This study was conducted to evaluate the response rate to BCS at Hillingdon and the histological stage of cancer presentation. <h3>Method</h3> Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of CRC between 2009 and 2014 were included, the histological staging was obtained via the hospital computer system and the FOBt response was obtained from the national screening hub. A responder was defined as a patient who sent a sample back at any point, and a non-responder as any patient who failed to send back a single sample. We defined advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) as node positive (Dukes’ C) and metastatic disease (Dukes’ D). <h3>Results</h3> 174 patients were analysed, of which 64 (37%) were responders to BCS and 110 (63%) non-responders. Of the non-responders, 55% presented with advanced CRC while 41% presented with early CRC, (9% Dukes A, 32% Dukes B, 39% Dukes C and 13% Dukes D). Of the responders, 44% presented with advanced CRC. <h3>Conclusion</h3> More than half of non-responders to BCS presented with advanced CRC, which has a poor prognosis. Although our numbers are small the difference between the responders and non-responders is evident. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
AB0771 The Prevalence of Inflammatory Eye Diseases in Rheumatologic Conditions: Results From a Meta-Analysis
Authors: J. Hayworth, J. Pope
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Many inflammatory rheumatic conditions are associated with ocular involvement. The actual prevalence of these complications is not fully known. <h3>Objectives</h3> This meta-analysis was performed to systematically investigate the prevalence of ocular involvement in inflammatory rheumatic diseases in order to determine the frequency and type of ocular involvement. <h3>Methods</h3> Medline, Web of Science and Cochrane databases were searched up to July 8, 2014, to identify full text publications related to inflammatory rheumatic diseases and associated ocular conditions. Disease terms included; juvenile arthritis (JIA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Sjogren9s syndrome, Still9s disease, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), connective tissue disease, spondyloarthropathy, and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). For eye involvement terms were; conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, xeropthalmia, uveitis, eye hemorrhage, optic neuritis, papilledema, orbital disease, retinal artery/vein occlusion, macular edema, retinitis, chorioretinitis, scleritis, iridocyclitits, choroid hemorrhage, blindness and amaurosis fugax. Data regarding the rates of various ocular complications were extracted. Random effects models pooled rates to estimate the frequency of each complication in the included inflammatory rheumatic diseases. <h3>Results</h3> Most of the 7124 studies were excluded, leaving 263 for full review. There were 13 AS cohort studies, 30 Behcet9s disease (BD), 31 JIA, 12 PsA, 11 RA and 165 others. Pooled prevalence for commonly reported ocular manifestation were uveitis rates of: 22% (95% CI: 16-24%) in AS, Behcet9s 55% (41-68%), JIA [oligoarthritis 36% (20-51%), polyarticular 13% (8-19%) systemic onset 3% (0-7%)], pediatric Behcet9s 33% (0-74%), and PsA 15% (5-24%) for anterior uveitis and 0.2% for posterior uveitis. In RA, keratoconjunctivitis sicca occurred in 16% (8-25%), sicca symptoms in 31% (21-42%), marginal ulcerative keratitis in 1-3%, episcleritis in 1-2% and retinal vasculitis in 0.2%. In SLE 29% of patients had dry eyes. There may have been publication bias (over reporting due to selection bias of cohorts enriched for ocular complications such as patients from university clinics where complications could be higher, and several estimates had herterogeneity. Data were lacking on confounding variables (such as screening programs and treatment). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Extra-articular manifestations of inflammatory rheumatic diseases frequently complicate the ocular health of afflicted individuals. Although the rates vary, an awareness of potential complications can aid in early identification and treatment of these rheumatic complications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB1017 Sleep Fragmentation and Biomarkers in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: T. Ward, J. Voss, W. Yuwen, D. Foll, F. Gohar, S. Ringold
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Children with JIA have been shown to have increased frequency of sleep fragmentation when compared to healthy peers. The relationship between this fragmentation and the underlying inflammatory process has not been established. The proteins S100A12 and myeloid-related protein 8/14 (MRP8/14) are associated with disease activity in JIA and have also been associated with sleep disordered breathing in children and adults without JIA. The associations between the S100A12 and MRP8/14 proteins and sleep fragmentation have not been evaluated in children with JIA and the contribution of inflammation to sleep disturbance is not known. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure the associations between inflammatory S100A12 and MRP8/14 protein biomarkers and sleep fragmentation (wake after sleep onset) in 8-14 year-old children with polyarticular and extended oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). <h3>Methods</h3> Forty children between 8-to-14 years of age, with extended oligoarticular (n=15) and polyarticular (n=25) JIA and their parents participated in this cross-sectional, observational study. The treating rheumatologist assessed disease activity and inactive disease was measured using modified provisional ACR criteria for clinically inactive disease. Serum samples were obtained during each child9s routine rheumatology clinic visit. Children completed the PedsQL™ Multidimensional Fatigue scale, daily sleep diaries, and wore actigraphy monitors for 9 consecutive days. Parents completed the Children9s Sleep Habits Questionniare (CSHQ) regarding their child9s sleep habits. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 40 children, 22 (55%) had inactive disease. 68% scored above the CSHQ clinical cut-off score for sleep disturbances. Average sleep duration was 7.5 hours. Mean S100A12 and MRP8/14 protein levels were not significantly different between JIA categories or between children with active versus inactive disease. After controlling for age and joint count, wake after sleep onset was a significant predictor for S100A12 but not MRP8/14 proteins. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Inadequate amounts of sleep, increased amounts of wake, and poor sleep quality were observed in our sample, regardless of whether children had active or inactive disease. Similarly, children with extended oligoarticular and polyarticular arthritis had similar levels of inflammatory proteins and sleep disruption. Additional prospective evaluation of these proteins in larger cohorts of children with more variation in disease activity is needed to better understand the associations between these biomarkers, inflammation, and sleep disturbances in JIA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Operative Treatment of Fractures.
Authors: D MANIZADE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

This book is a statement of and argument for the author's well-known advocacy of operative accurate adjustment and retention of bone fragments. First are considered the changes in the skeleton produced by unusual function, as the habitual carrying of heavy loads. The skeleton is subject likewise to vicious structural change as the result of abnormal transmission of weight due to malunited fractures. Particularly the joints, whether or not near the fracture, may thus suffer. The individual fractures are then taken up. At the end the operative technic is described. Screws, silver wire or staples and silver plates are used; "generally speaking, the screw is by far the most efficient and most powerful means by which the fragments can be retained immovable on one another." These are removed later. The need for the most exacting asepsis is emphasized; only the unhandled ends of long instruments are allowed in the wound. Age
Type 2 Diabetes Remission Rates After Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass and Gastric Banding: Results of the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery Study
Authors: Jonathan Q. Purnell, Faith Selzer, Abdus S. Wahed, John Pender, Walter Pories, Alfons Pomp, Greg Dakin, James Mitchell, Luis Garcia, Myrlene A. Staten, Carol McCloskey, David E. Cummings, David R. Flum, Anita Courcoulas, Bruce M. Wolfe
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE The goals of this study were to determine baseline and postbariatric surgical characteristics associated with type 2 diabetes remission and if, after controlling for differences in weight loss, diabetes remission was greater after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) than laparoscopic gastric banding (LAGB). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An observational cohort of obese participants was studied using generalized linear mixed models to examine the associations of bariatric surgery type and diabetes remission rates for up to 3 years. Of 2,458 obese participants enrolled, 1,868 (76%) had complete data to assess diabetes status at both baseline and at least one follow-up visit. Of these, 627 participants (34%) were classified with diabetes: 466 underwent RYGBP and 140 underwent LAGB. RESULTS After 3 years, 68.7% of RYGBP and 30.2% of LAGB participants were in diabetes remission. Baseline factors associated with diabetes remission included a lower weight for LAGB, greater fasting C-peptide, lower leptin-to-fat mass ratio for RYGBP, and a lower hemoglobin A1c without need for insulin for both procedures. After both procedures, greater postsurgical weight loss was associated with remission. However, even after controlling for differences in amount of weight lost, relative diabetes remission rates remained nearly twofold higher after RYGBP than LAGB. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes remission up to 3 years after RYGBP and LAGB was proportionally higher with increasing postsurgical weight loss. However, the nearly twofold greater weight loss–adjusted likelihood of diabetes remission in subjects undergoing RYGBP than LAGB suggests unique mechanisms contributing to improved glucose metabolism beyond weight loss after RYGBP.
SAT0325 Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis (CRMO): Typical Patterns of Bone Involvement on MRI with Particular Emphasis on Whole Body MRI (WBMRI)
Authors: L. Tanturri de Horatio, I. Casazza, S. Savelli, M. Pardeo, V. Messia, D. Barbuti, P. Toma', F. De Benedetti, A. Insalaco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO) is an autoinflammatory bone disorder of unknown ethiology. The clinical manifestations of CRMO are highly variable. One to 20 sites can be affected at one time. Since CNO is a systemic disorder that can affect multiple skeletal sites, whole-body imaging techniques (Tc-99 bone scintigraphy or MRI) provide major contribution to the initial diagnostic approach, as well as during follow-up (1-2). <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate typical patterns of bone involvement on MRI in paediatric patients with CRMO. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed 112 MRI performed at the diagnosis and during follow-up from 2010 to 2014 of 40 children with CRMO. Thirty-two patients underwent bone biopsy that confirmed the diagnosis. 28/40 (70%) underwent one or more WBMRI. Coronal STIR images were obtained in all children. Additional sequences were performed in doubtful cases. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 360 lesions were detected. Lesions were multifocal in 36/40 patients (90%) and were symmetric in at least one localization in 24/40 patients (60%). In 30/40 patients (75%) lesions were located on the metaphyses of long bones (especially femur and tibia) close to one or both sides of an epiphyseal or apophyseal growth plate and/or on pelvic bones (particularly on the sacro-iliac joints and close to the triradiate cartilage) and/or on clavicle/sternum. The spine was involved in 14/40 (34.1%) patients, in all but 2 in combination to the submentioned locations. No patients had carpal or head bone involvement, 16/40 had tarsal involvement. <h3>Conclusions</h3> MRI, and particularly WBMRI, should be considered the diagnostic modality of choice in patients with clinical multifocal pain. Simmetricity, multifocality and particularly specific patterns of lesions appear highly suggestive of CRMO. <h3>References</h3> De Somer L. et al. Total body MRI, a guide to diagnosis in patients with osteo-articular pain and inflammation. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2014 March;66(S3):S119 Falip C. et al. Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO): a longitudinal case series review. Pediatr Radiol. 2013 Mar;43(3):355-75. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Use of joint consultations in inpatient psychiatry
Authors: R S Pynoos, I D Glick, P Roy-Byrne
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The coexistence of medical and psychiatric problems in psychiatric inpatients often causes compliance difficulties, based on either irrational and distorted fears of medical treatment or more rational concerns that proposed psychiatric treatment could adversely affect a preexisting medical condition. The authors propose the use of joint consultations, in which both the psychiatrist and the other medical specialist meet together with the patient, as a way of ameliorating such distortions and conflicts and thereby improving compliance with both medical and psychiatric treatment.
The immediate effects of chlorpromazine in newly admitted schizophrenic patients
Authors: W T Hamill, A F Fontana
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of chlorpromazine in comparison with placebo over a brief period of hospitalization, the authors conducted a double-blind study of the drug in 44 acutely ill schizophrenic patients. These patients had been newly admitted to a brief treatment unit where the average length of stay was 7 to 10 days. The results of this study indicate that chlorpromazine had no more calming or antipsychotic effect than placebo during the first 5 days of treatment. The authors suggest that 5 days is too short a time for a clinical trial to gauge patient response to chlorpromazine.
Racial differences in perception of ward atmosphere
Authors: J A Flaherty, J Naidu, R Lawton, D Pathak
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors administered the Moos Ward Atmosphere Scale (WAS) to 17 black inpatients and 17 white inpatients at a VA hospital. Scores on 5 of the 10 subscales reflected significant differences on the basis of race. From these results, the authors assume that black patients and white patients perceive the same ward environment differently. They briefly discuss the treatment implications of such perceptual differences.
Observations on Inbred Mice Exposed to DDT
Authors: B E BENNISON, F K MOSTOFI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1950)

Observations on Inbred Mice Exposed to DDT Get access B. E. Bennison, B. E. Bennison Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. K. Mostofi F. K. Mostofi National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 4, February 1950, Pages 989–992, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.4.989 Published: 01 February 1950 Article history Received: 05 January 1950 Published: 01 February 1950