tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB1119 Leflunomide in the treatment of chronic uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: J. Bichler, M. Krumrey-Langkammerer, J.-P. Haas, B. Hugle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Leflunomide is a disease modifying drug (DMARD) used in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Chronic uveitis is a frequent complication of JIA. Methotrexate and other DMARDS have successfully been used in the treatment of this condition. However, few data is available of the effect of leflunomide treatment on concurrent chronic uveitis in JIA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the effect of leflunomide treatment on the course of uveitis in JIA and to determine the number of flares of uveitis in patients with previous uveitis treated with leflunomide. <h3>Methods</h3> The database of the German Center for Pediatric Rheumatology was searched for all patients with diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and chronic uveitis and treatment with leflunomide from January 2010 until October 2011. Patients older than 18 years of age or with uveitis for other causes were excluded. Patients were divided into two subgroups: (I) active uveitis and (II) inactive uveitis at start of leflunomide treatment. A retrospective chart survey was used to extract demographic data, uveitis activity using SUN working group criteria, dosage of leflunomide and length of treatment and concurrent medications, including DMARD and biologic agents. Primary endpoints for the subgroups were: (I) change in SUN criteria at start of leflunomide treatment and last follow-up, and (II) occurrence of flare during leflunomide treatment. Analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon matched pairs test. <h3>Results</h3> 16 patients were included in the study, 10 with active and 6 with inactive disease at start of leflunomide treatment. Median dose of leflunomide was 20 mg per day (range 10 – 20 mg) over a median period of 10 months (range 3 - 53 months). Preceding medications were methotrexate in 100%, azathioprine in 63%, cyclosporine in 25% and etanercept in 19% of patients. Concurrent treatment was adalimumab in 56%, etanercept and infliximab in 13% each of patients. Patients with active disease showed a median drop of uveitis activity from 1+ (range 0 – 2+) to no activity (range 0 – 2+) at last follow-up (p=0.024). Of 6 patients with inactive disease, 1 showed a flare of uveitis during treatment with leflunomide. Of note, 2 patients showed a flare of uveitis 6 and 13 months after discontinuation of leflunomide treatment, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Leflunomide may be of benefit in the treatment of refractory uveitis alone or in combination with biological agents. Further research including controlled trials is necessary to assess leflunomide efficacy in chronic uveitis associated with JIA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Where We Die
Authors: David J. Rothman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Interview with Dr. David Rothman on the changing approaches to death and dying in the United States. (16:29)Download After a decades-long trend toward dying in the hospital, a movement toward palliative care, hospice, and dying at home began in the 1980s. But even as increasing numbers of Americans choose to die at home, ICU stays toward the end of life have increased.
DEVELOPING AN ALGORITHM TO CURATE A HEART FAILURE WITH PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION COHORT IN A LARGE DATABASE
Authors: Yash Rameshbhai Patel, Jeremy Robbins, Katherine Kurgansky, Taraka Gadiraju, Tasnim Imran, Kelly Cho, David Gagnon, J. Michael Gaziano, Jacob Joseph
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
MORTALITY OUTCOMES FOR CATHETER-BASED EMBOLECTOMY FOR TREATMENT OF ACUTE PULMONARY EMBOLISM: A COMPREHENSIVE META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Rajat Kalra, Navkaranbir Bajaj, William J. Lancaster, Jason Guichard, Fabio Raman, Donald Clark, David McGiffin, Mustafa Ahmed
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Procedures in Nursing. Preliminary and Advanced.
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Double-Blind Comparison of Empirical Oral and Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy for Low-Risk Febrile Patients with Neutropenia during Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Alison Freifeld, Donna Marchigiani, Thomas Walsh, Stephen Chanock, Linda Lewis, John Hiemenz, Sharon Hiemenz, Jeanne E. Hicks, Vee Gill, Seth M. Steinberg, Philip A. Pizzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Among patients with fever and neutropenia during cancer chemotherapy who have a low risk of complications, oral administration of empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics may be an acceptable alternative to intravenous treatment.
Randomized, Controlled Trials, Observational Studies, and the Hierarchy of Research Designs
Authors: John Concato, Nirav Shah, Ralph I. Horwitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

In the hierarchy of research designs, the results of randomized, controlled trials are considered to be evidence of the highest grade, whereas observational studies are viewed as having less validity because they reportedly overestimate treatment effects. We used published meta-analyses to identify randomized clinical trials and observational studies that examined the same clinical topics. We then compared the results of the original reports according to the type of research design.
Colon Visualization on a Bone Scan From Metastatic Ovarian Carcinoma:
Authors: DAVID A. BADER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Abdominal CT on a 73-year-old woman showed ascites and diffuse irregular thickening of the transverse colon. Exploratory laparotomy showed widespread carcinomatosis and encasement of the transverse colon. Biopsy results yielded serous papillary adenocarcinoma of the ovary with areas of calcification consistent with psammoma bodies. Two months later an HDP whole-body bone scan showed no evidence for bony metastatic disease, but there was extraskeletal activity in the distribution of bowel. Intraluminal transit was excluded with a 24-hour delayed scan. SPECT imaging was performed for axial correlation with the CT scan and helped to further confirm the activity to be localized to the transverse colon.
ERT for Breast Cancer Survivors: A Hot Debate Runs On Little Data
Authors: C. McNeil
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article ERT for Breast Cancer Survivors: A Hot Debate Runs On Little Data Get access Caroline McNeil Caroline McNeil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 14, 19 July 1995, Pages 1047–1050, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.14.1047 Published: 19 July 1995
NI-07 * MAGNETIC RESONANCE FINGERPRINTING OF BRAIN TUMORS: INITIAL CLINICAL RESULTS
Authors: C. Badve, A. Yu, D. Ma, Y. Jiang, A. Deshmane, V. Gulani, J. Sunshine, A. Sloan, M. Griswold
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Current MR imaging allows primarily qualitative distinctions between the signal intensities of various T1 or T2 weighted imaging paradigms. Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) represents a novel framework for simultaneous, and precise quantitation of multiple MR tissue properties. Here we assess the capability of MRF based T1 and T2 relaxometry to evaluate different types of intra-axial brain tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 20 patients including 10 glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), 5 oligodendrogliomas (OG) and 5 metastases (METS) were scanned using a MRF protocol. Imaging was acquired through representative areas of brain and quantitative T1 and T2 maps were generated. T1 and T2 quantification of solid tumor component, immediate perilesional white matter (PWM) within 1 cm of enhancing margin, and contralateral white matter (CWM) was performed using ROI analysis. Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Solid tumor T1, T2 were distinct from T1, T2 of CWM (n = 20, p < 0.001). There were differences between T1, T2 of PWM of GBMs and METS as compared to their CWM (n = 15, p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Also, there were differences between the T1, T2 of both the solid and PWM regions of GBMs and METS (p < 0.01;p < 0.05 respectively). T2 relaxometry revealed difference between GBMs and OGs (p < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: MRF can simultaneously measure T1, T2 values of brain tumors and surrounding tissues distinguishing various tumor types and their associated PWM changes from CWM with high statistical significance. Preliminary data supports using MRF to identify regions of infiltrative edema in GBM, and differentiation of tumor types and grades. Statement of Clinical Relevance: Our preliminary data suggests MRF may have a role in non-invasively distinguishing various types intracranial masses, delineate tumor margins, and possibly characterize therapeutic response.
A memorable patient: Mountain power
Authors: O. McKendrick
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Mark’s cystic fibrosis was not diagnosed until he was 9 years old. When I first knew him, five years later, he already had advanced lung disease and was small for his age. Mark hated being small. He saw himself as “the little lad with the cough,” a description he had once inadvertently overheard. Nevertheless, at this time, he had ambitions for his future and was extremely articulate about them, as indeed he was about everything.
Case 16-2002
Authors: David E Thaler, Matthew P Frosch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 41-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of an intracranial mass.The patient had been in excellent health until one week earlier, when a global headache developed, accompanied by generalized weakness, a sensation of imbalance, mild forgetfulness, progressive anorexia, and blurred vision. On the day of admission, she came to the ambulatory clinic of this hospital, where an imaging study of the brain showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass. She was admitted to the hospital.The patient, a native of El Salvador, had immigrated to this country 11 years earlier; she made frequent trips back to . . .
TCT-802 Long-Term Follow-Up for Complete Transcatheter Melody Valve-in-Valve Implantation for High-Pressure Systemic Bioprosthesis Failure
Authors: Sean Wilson, Chad Kliger, Dillon Weiss, Vladimir Jelnin, Ahmed Al-Badri, Gila Perk, Itzhak Kronzon, Sonnit Sharma, Carlos E. Ruiz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Twin and family studies are actually more important than ever
Authors: S Alexandra Burt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Charney argues that the presence of inherited epigenetic effects makes twin, family, and adoption studies obsolete. This argument relies on both a faulty characterization of these studies and indirect comparisons of DNA and “neogenetic” factors. I argue that twin and family studies will in fact serve a necessary and vital role in the study of epigenetic and neogenetic processes.
Use of High-Sensitivity Troponin T to Identify Patients With Acute Heart Failure at Lower Risk for Adverse Outcomes
Authors: Peter S. Pang, John R. Teerlink, Adriaan A. Voors, Piotr Ponikowski, Barry H. Greenberg, Gerasimos Filippatos, G. Michael Felker, Beth A. Davison, Gad Cotter, Joshua Kriger, Margaret F. Prescott, Tsushung A. Hua, Thomas Severin, Marco Metra
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2016)

The aim of this study was to determine if a baseline high-sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) value ≤99th percentile upper reference limit (0.014 μg/l ["low hsTnT"]) identifies patients at low risk for adverse outcomes.Approximately 85% of patients who present to emergency departments with acute heart failure are admitted. Identification of patients at low risk might decrease unnecessary admissions.A post-hoc analysis was conducted from the RELAX-AHF (Serelaxin, Recombinant Human Relaxin-2, for Treatment of Acute Heart Failure) trial, which randomized patients within 16 h of presentation who had systolic blood pressure >125 mm Hg, mild to moderate renal impairment, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide ≥1,600 ng/l to serelaxin versus placebo. Linear regression models for continuous endpoints and Cox models for time-to-event endpoints were used.Of the 1,076 patients with available baseline hsTnT values, 107 (9.9%) had low hsTnT. No cardiovascular (CV) deaths through day 180 were observed in the low-hsTnT group compared with 79 CV deaths (7.3%) in patients with higher hsTnT. By univariate analyses, low hsTnT was associated with lower risk for all 5 primary outcomes: 1) days alive and out of the hospital by day 60; 2) CV death or rehospitalization for heart failure or renal failure by day 60; 3) length of stay; 4) worsening heart failure through day 5; and 5) CV death through day 180. After multivariate adjustment, only 180-day CV mortality remained significant (hazard ratio: 0.0; 95% confidence interval: 0.0 to 0.736; p = 0.0234; C-index = 0.838 [95% confidence interval: 0.798 to 0.878]).No CV deaths through day 180 were observed in patients with hsTnT levels ≤0.014 μg/l despite high N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels. Low baseline hsTnT may identify patients with acute heart failure at very low risk for CV mortality.
Abstract 5282: TRPM7, a novel regulator of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells Ca2+ influx and migration
Authors: Jian-Peng Chen, Rong-Cheng Luo, Rong Li, Chang-Xuan You
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ion channels are involved in various physiologic and pathologic processes, including the migration of tumor cells that is required for metastasis. To determine whether transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) Ca2+ channels play an important role in the migration of tumor cells, we examined the potential function of TRPM7 channels in the migration of 5-8F human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. The migratory potential of the cells was impaired by TRPM7 inhibitors (La3+, 2-APB), and their migration was reduced significantly after either TRPM7 was silenced or extracellular Ca2+ was removed. Conversely, addition of TRPM7 activator (BK) promoted the migration of 5-8F cells. Furthermore, the Ca2+ influx regulated by TRPM7 activated release of Ca2+ stores by a calcium-induced calcium release mechanism. This study suggests, first, that Ca2+ influx is required for the migration of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma 5-8F cells. Second, and more importantly, it identifies TRPM7 as a novel potential-regulator of the Ca2+ influx that allows migration of 5-8F cells. TRPM7, therefore, might have potential as a prognostic indicator and as a therapeutic target in cancer. Keywords: TRPM7; nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells; 5-8F; Ca2+ influx; Ca2+; migration. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5282.
PWE-100 How Commonly Does Faecal Calprotectin Alter Management in Patients with I.B.D?: Abstract PWE-100 Table
Authors: M Allison, M Hu, S Puritz, T Richards, N El-Farhan
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Faecal calprotectin is often measured in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Some believe it is a useful surrogate marker for mucosal healing, and normal values may strengthen the case for stopping biological agents. It is unclear, however, to what extent such measurements alter patient investigation and management over standard history taking, examination and routine blood tests. <h3>Methods</h3> We reviewed all faecal calprotectin results from samples submitted by 98 adults with IBD between February 2010 and April 2012. Using the Health Board’s Clinical Workstation relevant outpatient letters, results of subsequent investigations and changes of treatment were reviewed. A calprotectin value of &gt;60 ug/g was considered elevated. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy of the patients (71%) had an elevated result. Their outcomes are summarised in the table. Most changes in patient management and investigation requests were made at the same visit as the calprotectin request. Elevated results prompted escalation of treatment in 6 patients. Among 28 patients with a normal result, symptoms prompted escalation of treatment (6 patients) and colonoscopy (3 patients) before knowledge of the result, No endoscopic or radiological investigations or changes of treatment occurred in 12 patients. In no cases was maintence treatment reduced on the basis of a normal result. Measurements seemed to help managment in 7 patients: there were 2 with previous equivocal investigations who may have avoided further tests, and there were 5 whose symptoms were in excess of objective findings who could be reassured about absence of active inflammation). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study casts doubt on the value of faecal calprotectin measurement in the follow-up of most patients with IBD. Normal results assisted in the reassurance of some patients whose symptoms seemed out of proportion to objective evidence of disease activity. There were no instances of a normal result leading to scaling back of maintenance treatment, and none stopped biological agents. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Outcome of incidentally detected airway nodules
Authors: Hyung-Jun Kim, Deog Kyeom Kim, Young Whan Kim, Yeon Joo Lee, Jong Sun Park, Young-Jae Cho, Se Joong Kim, Ho Il Yoon, Jae Ho Lee, Choon-Taek Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Low-dose chest computed tomography (LDCT) screening increased detection of airway nodules. Most nodules appear to be secretions, but pathological lesions may show similar findings. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends repeating LDCT after 1 month and proceeding to bronchoscopy if the nodules persist. However, no reports exist about incidentally detected airway nodules. We investigated the significance of airway nodules detected by LDCT screening.We screened patients with incidental airway nodules detected by LDCT in the Seoul National University Hospital group. The characteristics of computed tomography, bronchoscopy, pathology and clinical findings were analysed.Among 53 036 individuals who underwent LDCT screening, 313 (0.6%) had airway nodules. Of these, 186 (59.4%) were followed-up with chest computed tomography and/or bronchoscopy. Seven (3.8%) cases had significant lesions, including leiomyoma (n=2), endobronchial tuberculosis (n=2), chronic inflammation (n=1), hamartoma (n=1) and benign granuloma (n=1). The remaining 179 lesions were transient, suggesting that they were secretions.The use of LDCT for lung cancer screening demonstrated the low incidence of airway lesions. Most lesions were transient secretions. True pathological lesions were rare, and no malignant lesion was found. The current recommendation of the NCCN guideline is a reasonable approach that can avoid unnecessary bronchoscopy.
SAT0153 Giant Cell Arteritis – Incidence and Mortality
Authors: M. Yates, C. Mukhtyar, L. Igali, R. Watts, A. MacGregor
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Giant cell arteritis is the most common vasculitis in the western world in those aged greater than 50yrs old and has significant morbidity from both its pathology and treatment. There are no recent (after 2001) estimates of the occurrence in the UK. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to estimate the occurrence of GCA in the UK and to record death from all cause mortality upto a period of ten years post diagnosis. <h3>Methods</h3> All histology reports for patients referred to a university hospital in Norwich, Norfolk for temporal artery biopsy between 1<sup>st</sup> January 2003 and December 2009 were reviewed. The population denominator was calculated from national census data to calculate incidence. All positive biopsy proven patients with GCA were followed until 7<sup>th</sup> January 2013. Patients were followed from time of diagnosis until either their death or 7<sup>th</sup> January, 2013. <h3>Results</h3> There were 325 temporal biopsies performed at the NNUH between the years 2003 to 2009. Subsequently 119 individuals were diagnosed with biopsy positive GCA (36.6%). The mean age at diagnosis was 75.6yrs. 85 were women (71.4%). The incidence rate per 100,000 was 6.8 (95% CI = 4.2 to 11.1) in people aged &gt;50years. By 7<sup>th</sup> January, 2013, 25 patients (21.0%) with biopsy confirmed GCA had died with a median follow up of 66 months (44-86). One, 2 and 5 year survival rates were 96, 92, and 84%, respectively. There were no statistical significant survival gender effects (male vs female p=0.308). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results reveal an estimate of 6.8 per 100,000 people aged &gt;50yrs. This is much lower than the estimate from the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) study carried out in 2001. Within the GPRD study only three out of a selection of 45 cases that were reviewed had a positive temporal artery biopsy (6.7%) and 10 cases (22.2%) were diagnosed and managed in primary care alone. Assuming an incidence for our study is similar to that of the GPRD then in Norfolk perhaps as much as 50% of cases of GCA are managed in the community without undergoing biopsy. However death from all cause mortality does not appear to be too dissimilar compared to the general population. <h3>References</h3> Smeeth L, Cook C, Hall AJ. Incidence of diagnosed polymyalgia rheumatica and temporal arteritis in the United Kingdom, 1990-2001. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. 2006 Aug;65(8):1093-8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared