tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0002 Free Fatty Acids Promote an Inflammatory Profile in Osteoblasts
Authors: K.W. Frommer, A. Schäffler, U. Lange, S. Rehart, U. Müller-Ladner, E. Neumann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronically elevated free fatty acid (FFA) levels are associated with numerous inflammatory cardiovascular and metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary heart diseases and type 2 diabetes. This pathophysiological link to inflammation could also be found <i>in vitro</i> with different cell types. However, the influence of FFA on cells of bone metabolism is largely unknown so far. Obesity is associated with a higher risk of osteoarthritis also in non-weight bearing joints and increased amounts of visceral fat are associated with lower bone density. This suggests that FFA may also play a role in bone metabolism. <h3>Objectives</h3> To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the effect of FFA on cells of bone metabolism in the context of rheumatic diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> Primary osteoblasts were isolated from cancellous bone of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing knee joint surgery. The osteoblasts were stimulated with saturated and unsaturated FFA of different length. Immunoassays were used to quantify protein secretion. mRNA expression levels were quantified by real-time PCR. <h3>Results</h3> Stimulating osteoblasts with FFA increased the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and the chemokine IL-8 in a donor-dependent manner. While certain osteoblast populations showed a strong response to FFA (IL-6: up to 9.1-fold increase; IL-8: up to 221-fold increase), others responded to a much lower degree. RANKL and OPG, important regulators of osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity, were not affected by FFA on protein as well as mRNA level. mRNA expression of osteoblast activity markers (ALP and collagen type I), markers of osteoblast differentiation (SOX9, RunX2, osterix, osteocalcin), and Wnt signaling molecules (axin-2 and β-catenin) also remained unchanged by FFA stimulation. Interestingly, both saturated and unsaturated FFA caused a pro-inflammatory response in osteoblasts. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Inflammation plays a key role in many rheumatic diseases and increased inflammatory activity is associated with decreased bone density. Hence, locally increased FFA levels may promote inflammation as well as indirectly the inflammation-mediated degradation of bone in rheumatic diseases. However, FFA appear not to affect osteoblast function directly. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Rat Alpha 1 Fetoprotein. IV. Effect of Growth and Surgical Removal of Morris Hepatoma 7777 on the Serum α1 F Concentration of Buffalo Rats 2
Authors: Stewart Sell, H. Terry Wepsic, Ray Nickel, Mike Nichols
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Rat Alpha1 Fetoprotein. IV. Effect of Growth and Surgical Removal of Morris Hepatoma 7777 on the Serum α1F Concentration of Buffalo Rats Get access Stewart Sell, M.D., Stewart Sell, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Terry Wepsic, M.D., H. Terry Wepsic, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ray Nickel, B.A., Ray Nickel, B.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mike Nichols, B.S. Mike Nichols, B.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 133–137, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.1.133 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 12 June 1973 Accepted: 12 September 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
SP0062 Sarcoidosis: A Systemic Disease of Unknown Origin
Authors: J. Muller-Quernheim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by non-necrotizing granulomata and manifestations in almost any organ. Diagnosis relies on the exclusion of other granulomatous disorders and a compatible pattern of symptoms and clinical findings. Competing differential diagnoses encompass infectious, autoaggressive, and occupational disorders. Inflammatory lesions and granulomata may undergo spontaneous resolution or persist in chronic disease with eventual fibrosis and permanent organ damage. Immunological disease mechanisms are linked to severe derangements of the cytokine network. These pathomechanisms depend on a genetic background. Many variant genes define sarcoidosis susceptibility and genotype-phenotype relationships are elucidated which will allow individualized therapy in the near future. In systemic resolution or under prednisolone therapy of symptomatic disease proinflammatory cytokines are downregulated and histological lesions may completely vanish. Corticosteroid-resistant disease, however, requires treatment with an immunosuppressive regimen consisting of prednisolone and an immunosuppressive agent or anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monoclonal antibodies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Transcriptome analysis of G protein-coupled receptors in distinct genetic subgroups of acute myeloid leukemia: identification of potential disease-specific targets
Authors: A Maiga, S Lemieux, C Pabst, V-P Lavallée, M Bouvier, G Sauvageau, J Hébert
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2016)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor clinical outcome and the development of more effective therapies is urgently needed. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent attractive therapeutic targets, accounting for approximately 30% of all targets of marketed drugs. Using next-generation sequencing, we studied the expression of 772 GPCRs in 148 genetically diverse AML specimens, normal blood and bone marrow cell populations as well as cord blood-derived CD34-positive cells. Among these receptors, 30 are overexpressed and 19 are downregulated in AML samples compared with normal CD34-positive cells. Upregulated GPCRs are enriched in chemokine (CCR1, CXCR4, CCR2, CX3CR1, CCR7 and CCRL2), adhesion (CD97, EMR1, EMR2 and GPR114) and purine (including P2RY2 and P2RY13) receptor subfamilies. The downregulated receptors include adhesion GPCRs, such as LPHN1, GPR125, GPR56, CELSR3 and GPR126, protease-activated receptors (F2R and F2RL1) and the Frizzled family receptors SMO and FZD6. Interestingly, specific deregulation was observed in genetically distinct subgroups of AML, thereby identifying different potential therapeutic targets in these frequent AML subgroups.
Inflammatory Muscle Diseases
Authors: Pablo Young, Barbara C Finn, Ricardo Reisin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Inflammatory myopathies, also called idiopathic inflammatory myopathy or myositis, are rare conditions characterized by the involvement of various organs in addition to muscle tissue.These changes can lead to severe impairments and adversely impact the quality of life of affected individuals.The diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory myopathies involve the participation of an interdisciplinary team, due to the complexity of the disease and the high variety of possible signs and symptoms.In this chapter we will discuss the epidemiology and characteristics of the main subtypes of inflammatory myopathies, such as polymyositis, dermatomyositis, necrotizing myopathy, overlap myositis, and myositis of inclusion bodies.Next, we will discuss the existence of crosstalk between inflammatory processes in the oral cavity and their consequences on skeletal muscle.As oral inflammation can increase infiltration of macrophages in muscle tissue and this increase is related to the production of proinflammatory cytokines in this tissue, these cytokines can cause muscle weakness.It is important to consider the prevention of chronic inflammatory processes in order to maintain muscle integrity or even prevent the worsening of the clinical condition of patients with inflammatory muscle diseases.
B-cell reconstitution after autologous bone marrow transplantation: increase in serum CD23 ("IgE-binding factor") precedes IgE and B-cell regeneration
Authors: M Bengtsson, J Gordon, L Flores-Romo, JA Cairns, B Smedmyr, G Oberg, B Simonsson, TH Totterman
Journal: Blood (1989)
Cognitive remediation in schizophrenia: is it time yet?
Authors: M F Green
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Considerable effort has been directed toward identifying and conceptualizing information-processing deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The impressive gains in this field have made meaningful contributions to our understanding of the etiology and course of these disorders. This article considers whether the time is ripe to move beyond identification of these deficits to remediation of them. This move is far from a simple matter; it requires careful attention to theoretical frameworks and to the criteria for selecting certain cognitive deficits, among many, for remediation. A sparse and somewhat dated literature suggests that certain types of cognitive remediation, at least when defined in a narrow sense, are feasible with schizophrenic patients. This literature can reasonably justify continuing investigations on a modest scale. Specific questions for further studies include the following. 1) Which cognitive models provide a framework to guide cognitive interventions? 2) Which specific functions or levels of information processing should be targeted by cognitive interventions? 3) Are cognitive interventions effective? 4) Does the remediation of basic cognitive deficits generalize? A major strength of this area of investigation is the testability of the questions. Several research designs are tentatively suggested.
Urology
Authors: Fletcher H. Colby
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE beneficial effects of a reduction of the male sex hormone (androgen control) in patients with carcinoma of the prostate were strikingly demonstrated by Huggins and Hodges1 over four years ago. Since that time, a great many reports of the effects of castration and estrogen therapy on the malignant prostate have appeared. Although there is still no uniform opinion on the best method of treating this disease, there is a tendency toward agreement on certain points.A wave of enthusiasm for castration in all cases of prostatic cancer followed these earlier reports. This was tempered by a few skeptics. On . . .
GENETICS AND THE AMISH
Authors: F A KINGERY
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulatory T cells in kidney disease and transplantation
Authors: Min Hu, Yuan Min Wang, Yiping Wang, Geoff Y. Zhang, Guoping Zheng, Shounan Yi, Philip J. O’Connell, David C.H. Harris, Stephen I. Alexander
Journal: Kidney International (2016)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been shown to be important in maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease, including autoimmune kidney disease. It is also likely that they play a role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially in promoting transplant tolerance. Although other subsets of Tregs exist, the most potent and well-defined Tregs are the Foxp3 expressing CD4+ Tregs derived from the thymus or generated peripherally. These CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs limit autoimmune renal disease in animal models, especially chronic kidney disease, and kidney transplantation. Furthermore, other subsets of Tregs, including CD8 Tregs, may play a role in immunosuppression in kidney disease. The development and protective mechanisms of Tregs in kidney disease and kidney transplantation involve multiple mechanisms of suppression. Here we review the development and function of CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs. We discuss the specific application of Tregs as a therapeutic strategy to prevent kidney disease and to limit kidney transplant rejection and detail clinical trials in this area of transplantation.
<i>Chlamydia psittaci (Cp)</i>-eradicating therapy with doxycycline is an active treatment against ocular adnexa MALT lymphoma (OAML): Final results of a multicentre prospective trial
Authors: A. J. Ferreri, M. Ponzoni, M. Guidoboni, S. Cortelazzo, J. Demeter, F. Zallio, A. Palmas, L. Politi, C. Doglioni, R. Dolcetti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7559 Background: An association between OAML and Cp infection has been reported. Preliminary data suggest that patients (pts) with Cp-related OAML could achieve lymphoma regression after eradicating therapy with doxycycline, while data on the activity of this strategy in Cp-negative OAML are not available. Methods: In this multicentre prospective trial, 27 consecutive pts with OAML and measurable disease, at diagnosis (n = 15) or relapse, were treated with doxycycline 100 mg, bid orally, for 3 weeks. Objective response was the primary endpoint. The presence of Cp DNA in lymphoma samples was evaluated by TETR-PCR. Results: Tolerability was excellent in all pts but one. At a median follow-up of 13 mo. (range 3–45), response was complete (CR) in 6 pts and partial in 7 (ORR = 48%; 95% CI:30%-66%); three pts had a response &lt;50%, 9 had stable disease (3–13 mo.), two had progressive disease. Response was slow; 5 pts achieved the best response only after one year of follow-up (median time to the best response: 6 mo.). TETR-PCR resulted positive in 11 (41%) pts and negative in 16. Lymphoma regression was observed in both PCR-positive and -negative pts (64% vs. 38%; p = 0.25), with a CR rate of 36% and 13% (p = 0.18), respectively. Response rate was similar between pts with conjunctival and intra-orbital lymphomas (43% vs. 54%, p = 0.71). The three pts with regional lymphadenopathies and three of the 5 pts with bilateral OAL achieved objective response (4 CRs), which lasted 3+, 13+, 16+, 22+, 26+, and 37 mo. In relapsed pts, objective response was observed in 3 of 5 previously irradiated pts and in 5 of 7 non-irradiated pts (p = 0.99). Twenty pts are failure-free, with a 2-yr FFS of 66±12%. Conclusions: Doxycycline is a fast, cheap and safe therapy, able to induce durable regression in 64% of Cp-related OAML. This antibiotic is a valid alternative against OAML, even in pts with multiple failures, involving previously irradiated areas or regional lymph nodes. We report for the first time responses also in PCR-negative OAML; this finding stimulates the development of more sensitive and specific methods for Cp detection and the study of potential associations with other infectious agents responsive to doxycycline. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
AB0036 Comparison of Tuberculin Skin Test and T-Spot.TB Test in Patients with Receiving Corticosteroid or Immunosuppressive Treatments
Authors: M. Ozgen, L. Akyol, B. Sahin, M. Sayarlıoglu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Cytotoxic or anti-TNF therapies increase risk of reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). Therefore screening for latent tuberculosis is mandatory before initiating therapy. On the other hand, these patients who are candidate for cytotoxic or anti-TNF therapies are already on corticosteroid or immunosuppressive treatments. These treatments give rise to false-negative tuberculin skin test (TST) results. It has been reported that interferon-gamma release assays tests have a higher sensitivity on receiving corticosteroid or immunosuppressive treatments. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to comparison of tuberculin skin test and T-SPOT.TB test in patients with receiving corticosteroid or immunosuppressive treatments. <h3>Methods</h3> 38 patients were documented before introducing cytotoxic or anti-TNF therapies between November 2012 and November 2014. Results of T-SPOT.TB test and TST and current medication were enrolled. TST values &gt; or =5 mm was accepted as TST positivity. According to use of corticosteroid the patients were divided into two groups. The patients receiving 20 mg methylprednisolon for three days before TST were included in Group I. The remaining patients were included in Group II. <h3>Results</h3> In Group II TST were anergy in 6/14, negative in 1/14, positive in 7/14 patients. In Group I TST were anergy in 21/24, positive in 3/24 patients. When compared with Group II the numbers of anergic patient was higher while result of positive TST was lower in Group I (both for p&lt;0.001). The T-SPOT.TB test results were similar between both groups. 7 patients with methotrexate and 2 patients with azathioprine were being treated. In this study, there were no effects of methotrexate or azathioprine on TST or T-SPOT.TB test. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study demonstrated that TST is evidently affected by corticosteroid treatment in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Therefore, it seems that T-SPOT.TB test is more appropriate for LTBI diagnosis in patients with treated corticosteroid. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Iron, Copper, Cadmium, Zinc and Magnesium Contents of Urinary Tract Stones and Hair from Men with Stone Disease
Authors: Ilker Durak, Ziya Kilic, Hakki Perk, Ahmet Şahin, Zuhal Yurtarslani, Ahmet Yaşar, Saadettin Küpeli, Mustafa Akpoyraz
Journal: European Urology (1990)
Invasive Behavior Between Sarcoma and Fibroblast Populations in Cell Culture 2
Authors: M. Abercrombie, J. E. M. Heaysman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The mutual invasion in culture of a population of standard fibroblasts (chick embryo) and a population of cells from a transplantable mouse sarcoma (MC)M, BAS/56, or 311) or of neontal mouse fibroblasts has been estimated quantitatively. We arranged the confrontation of the pairs of populations by placing primary explants near each other. After fixation, the distance the cells had migrated from each explant was sampled in the space between the explants where they met and at the sides of the explants where they migrated freely. Measurements of nuclear overlap and orientation were also made. In the sarcoma as in the fibroblast population, homologous contact inhibition of movement probably produced an oriented migration from the explants before the populations met. Abot 12-24 hours after, mutual invasion was considerably greater in the sarcoma versus fibroblast than in the fibroblast versus fibroblast experiments. It is proposed that this difference was due to a difference of heterologous contact inhibition in the two types of experiment.
Point of Health Care Entry for Youth With Concussion Within a Large Pediatric Care Network
Authors: Kristy B. Arbogast, Allison E. Curry, Melissa R. Pfeiffer, Mark R. Zonfrillo, Juliet Haarbauer-Krupa, Matthew J. Breiding, Victor G. Coronado, Christina L. Master
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Previous epidemiologic research on concussions has primarily been limited to patient populations presenting to sport concussion clinics or to emergency departments (EDs) and to those high school age or older. By examining concussion visits across an entire pediatric health care network, a better estimate of the scope of the problem can be obtained.To comprehensively describe point of entry for children with concussion, overall and by relevant factors including age, sex, race/ethnicity, and payor, to quantify where children initially seek care for this injury.In this descriptive epidemiologic study, data were collected from primary care, specialty care, ED, urgent care, and inpatient settings. The initial concussion-related visit was selected and variation in the initial health care location (primary care, specialty care, ED, or hospital) was examined in relation to relevant variables. All patients aged 0 to 17 years who received their primary care from The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia's (CHOP) network and had 1 or more in-person clinical visits for concussion in the CHOP unified electronic health record (EHR) system (July 1, 2010, to June 30, 2014) were selected.Frequency of initial concussion visits at each type of health care location. Concussion visits in the EHR were defined based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification diagnosis codes indicative of concussion.A total of 8083 patients were included (median age, 13 years; interquartile range, 10-15 years). Overall, 81.9% (95% CI, 81.1%-82.8%; n = 6624) had their first visit at CHOP within primary care, 5.2% (95% CI, 4.7%-5.7%; n = 418) within specialty care, and 11.7% (95% CI, 11.0%-12.4%; n = 947) within the ED. Health care entry varied by age: 52% (191/368) of children aged 0 to 4 years entered CHOP via the ED, whereas more than three-quarters of those aged 5 to 17 years entered via primary care (5-11 years: 1995/2492; 12-14 years: 2415/2820; and 15-17 years: 2056/2403). Insurance status also influenced the pattern of health care use, with more Medicaid patients using the ED for concussion care (478/1290 Medicaid patients [37%] used the ED vs 435/6652 private patients [7%] and 34/141 self-pay patients [24%]).The findings suggest estimates of concussion incidence based solely on ED visits underestimate the burden of injury, highlight the importance of the primary care setting in concussion care management, and demonstrate the potential for EHR systems to advance research in this area.
Bovine Papillomavirus Type I Induces Resistance to Ca<sup>++</sup>-Induced Terminal Differentiation in Murine Keratinocytes
Authors: M Reiss, D DiMaio, T A Zibello
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) was expressed in established mouse BALB/MK epidermal keratinocytes. In each of the transfected cell lines, DNA synthesis was stimulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and inhibited by type beta transforming growth factor to an extent similar to that in parental cells. In contrast, the BPV-1-transfectants were resistant to the induction of terminal differentiation by extracellular Ca(+)+. First, BPV transfectants continued to respond to EGF in the presence of Ca(+)+, whereas the growth of BALB/MK cells was arrested. The characteristics of EGF-binding were identical in the two cell lines. Second, the Ca+(+)-switch failed to induce the activation of epidermal transglutaminase in BPV-1-transfectants. Thus, BPV-1 caused mouse keratinocytes to become resistant to Ca+(+)-induced differentiation without otherwise affecting the control of cell growth.