tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Treatment of Complicated Grief
Authors: M. Katherine Shear, Charles F. Reynolds, Naomi M. Simon, Sidney Zisook, Yuanjia Wang, Christine Mauro, Naihua Duan, Barry Lebowitz, Natalia Skritskaya
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

To our knowledge, this is the first placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of antidepressant pharmacotherapy, with and without complicated grief psychotherapy, in the treatment of complicated grief.To confirm the efficacy of a targeted complicated grief treatment (CGT), determine whether citalopram (CIT) enhances CGT outcome, and examine CIT efficacy without CGT.Included in the study were 395 bereaved adults who met criteria for CG recruited from March 2010 to September 2014 from academic medical centers in Boston, Massachusetts; New York, New York; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and San Diego, California. Co-occurring substance abuse, psychosis, mania, and cognitive impairment were exclusionary. Study participants were randomized using site-specific permuted blocks stratified by major depression into groups prescribed CIT (n = 101), placebo (PLA; n = 99), CGT with CIT (n = 99), and CGT with PLA (n = 96). Independent evaluators conducted monthly assessments for 20 weeks. Response rates were compared under the intention-to-treat principle, including all randomized participants in a logistic regression with inverse probability weighting.All participants received protocolized pharmacotherapy optimized by flexible dosing, psychoeducation, grief monitoring, and encouragement to engage in activities. Half were also randomized to receive manualized CGT in 16 concurrent weekly sessions.Complicated grief-anchored Clinical Global Impression scale measurments every 4 weeks. Response was measured as a rating of "much improved" or "very much improved."Of the 395 study participants, 308 (78.0%) were female and 325 (82.3%) were white. Participants' response to CGT with PLA vs PLA (82.5% vs 54.8%; relative risk [RR], 1.51; 95% CI, 1.16-1.95; P = .002; number needed to treat [NNT], 3.6) suggested the efficacy of CGT, and the addition of CIT did not significantly improve CGT outcome (CGT with CIT vs CGT with PLA: 83.7% vs 82.5%; RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.88-1.17; P = .84; NNT, 84). However, depressive symptoms decreased significantly more when CIT was added to treatment (CGT with CIT vs CGT with PLA: model-based adjusted mean [standard error] difference, -2.06 [1.00]; 95% CI, -4.02 to -0.11; P = .04). By contrast, adding CGT improved CIT outcome (CIT vs CGT with CIT: 69.3% vs 83.7%; RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00-1.46; P = .05; NNT, 6.9). Last, participant response to CIT was not significantly different from PLA at week 12 (45.9% vs 37.9%; RR, 1.21; 95% CI, 0.82-1.81; P = .35; NNT, 12.4) or at week 20 (69.3% vs 54.8%; RR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.95-1.68; P = .11; NNT, 6.9). Rates of suicidal ideation diminished to a substantially greater extent among participants receiving CGT than among those who did not.Complicated grief treatment is the treatment of choice for CG, and the addition of CIT optimizes the treatment of co-occurring depressive symptoms.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01179568.
Changing efficacy of coronary revascularization. Implications for patient selection.
Authors: Califf Rm, Harrell Fe, Lee Kl, Rankin Js, Mark Db, Hlatky Ma, Muhlbaier Lh, Wechsler As, Jones Rh, Oldham Hn
Journal: Circulation (1988)

To evaluate the potential impact of patient selection for coronary artery bypass graft surgery on long-term survival, the outcomes of 5,809 consecutive patients with symptomatic coronary disease documented by angiography at Duke University Medical Center were examined. Over the entire study period (1969-1984), surgical therapy was associated with improved survival compared with medical therapy whether or not adjustment was made for imbalances in baseline prognostic factors. When patients were categorized according to coronary anatomy and left ventricular function, patients with multivessel disease and poor left ventricular function had a greater long-term survival benefit with surgery than did patients with less coronary artery disease and better left ventricular function. When 5-year survival rates were examined as a function of operative risk, a direct relation was found between estimated operative risk and the medical-surgical survival difference. For patients with an operative risk of 1%, the expected 5-year mortality with surgical therapy was 3% versus 8% with medical therapy (an absolute survival difference at 5 years of 5%). In comparison, for patients with an operative risk of 5%, the expected 5-year mortality with surgery was 10% versus 23% with medical therapy (an absolute survival difference at 5 years of 13%). Over 50% of patients with significant coronary artery disease undergoing cardiac catheterization have an estimated operative mortality risk under 2.5%. These patients would be expected to have a small survival advantage treated surgically. As operative mortality rates are subjected to increasing public scrutiny, selection of low-risk patients will reduce the overall benefit of the operation to the population.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Physostigmine-induced epinephrine release in patients with affective disorder
Authors: D S Janowsky, S C Risch, M G Ziegler, J C Gillin, L Huey, J Rausch
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Infusion of the cholinomimetic drug physostigmine led to profound increases in serum epinephrine levels and slight increases in serum norepinephrine levels among 38 patients with affective disorder and 22 control subjects. Preliminary results suggest that physostigmine may induce relatively blunted increases in serum epinephrine levels in patients with affective disorders.
AB0846 High Levels of Synovial Leptin and Body Fat Content and Synovial Effusion in Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: J. Calvet, C. Orellana, N. Navarro, C. Galisteo, M. Arévalo, J. Gratacόs, M. Larrosa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Obesity and especially body fat content appears to play a role in the development and especially in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Leptin is an adipokine involved in body weight regulation and usually shows higher levels in obese patients. Leptin has proinflammatory effects and has been implicated in OA physiopathology. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the relationship between body fat content with the amount of synovial fluid as a surrogate marker of inflammation and with levels of synovial fluid leptin in knee OA. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional study including patients aged 50 years or more with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee and joint effusion, Kellgren-Lawrence II-III. Demographics, disease duration and percentage of body fat (%BF) were assessed. Percentage of body fat was determined by bio-electrical impedance. Knee ultrasound (US) was performed evaluating and measuring the presence of effusion and at the suprapatellar midline. After US measurement joint aspiration was performed. Synoval leptin levels were analyzed using a Human leptin ELISA kit (Biocompare, California, USA). All patients were evaluated in fasting conditions approximately at the same time of the day. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy consecutive female patients with symptomatic knee OA and Kellgren-Lawrence II-III were included, age 65±7.8 years, disease duration of symptoms 66±49.5 mo (12-200). Mean %BF was 42.34±5.11%. Patients were categorized into two groups based on %BF so that those with levels above the mean and median values (n=36) were compared with the rest of the sample (n=34). Mean synovial fluid measurement was 9.59±2.79 mm. Mean level of leptin in synovial fluid was 76.76±38.66 ng/mL. Patients in the higher %BF group had similar amount of synovial effusion compared with those without such a high percentage (9.4±2.4 vs. 9.75±3.2 mm). However, patients with %BF above the mean and median values showed significantly higher synovial leptin levels than those with values below (88.47±46.8 vs. 60.24±19.5 ng/mL, p&lt;0.005). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study higher synovial leptin levels were observed in patients with the highest body fat percentage as measured by bio-electrical impedance. On the other hand, synovial effusion did not appear to be linked to body fat content, indicating that body fat could be more related to metabolic abnormalities than to clinical signs of inflammation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Cell Proliferation. A Guinness Symposium Held at University of Dublin, Trinity College.
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hormones and Resistance.
Authors: H Selye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Reviews.- I. Introduction, Terminology and Classification, Methods.- II. History.- III. Chemistry.- IV. General Pharmacology.- V. Effect of Steroids upon Resistance.- VI. Effect of Other Hormones Upon Resistance.- VII. Effect of Nonhormonal Factors upon Resistance.- VIII. Clinical Implications.- IX. Morphology.- X. Theories.- XI. Synopsis of Pharmaco-Chemical and Pharmaco-Pharmacologic Interrelations.- Summary and Outlook.- References.
Outbreak of Salmonella dublin infection in France, November - December 1995
Authors: V Vaillant, S Haeghebaert, J C Desenclos, P Bouvet, F Grimont, P. A. Grimont, A P Burnens
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1996)

On 20 December 1995, the National Network of Public Health (Reseau National de Sante Publique - RNSP) was notified by the Salmonella and Shigella National Reference Centre (Centre National de Reference - CNR) that a greater than expected number of human i
Activation of NFκB in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: R M SCHMID, G ADLER, S LIPTAY
Journal: Gut (1998)

Editor,—In their recent paper ( Gut 1998; 42 :477–84) Schreiber and coworkers demonstrated that RelA (p65) is present in nuclear extracts of biopsy specimens or lamina propria mononuclear cells from patients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Furthermore, they show NFκB binding activity and a corresponding decrease in IκBα in lamina propria mononuclear cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In contrast, treatment with dexamethasone prevented LPS induced nuclear translocation of NFκB due to persistence of IκBα. The authors conclude from these data that corticosteroids inhibit NFκB activation in vitro by stabilising the cytosolic inhibitor IκBα against activation induced degradation.

Firstly, this conclusion cannot be drawn from the data presented in the paper. Secondly, their conclusion contradicts a number of previously published observations.

Two models of corticosteroid mediated NFκB inhibition have been proposed. The first proposes that down modulation of κB driven genes results from a physical interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and the RelA (p65) subunit. Negative cross-talk between the glucocorticoid receptor and RelA is due to direct interaction via the Rel homology …
AB0915 Spondyloepiphyseal Dysplasia: About 7 Cases and a Review of the Literature
Authors: A. Aouadi, S. Rekik, S. Boussaid, H. Ajleni, H. Sahli, E. Cheour, M. Elleuch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (DSE) is a genetic chondrodysplasia causing early osteoarthritis witch prédominates in hips, knees and shoulders. We report in this context 7cases. <h3>Objectives</h3> We propose to study the clinical and radiologcal features of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia in our patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We studied the clinical and radiological features collected from records of patients treated for spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia. <h3>Results</h3> This was 7 patients (4H/3F) 31. Their middle age was 31,5 years. The diagnosis delay was on average 6,25ans [4 months-13 years]. Clinical signs were present in all cases: low back pain in 3 cases, hip disease in 3 cases, and a dwarfism in 2 cases. The clinical examination objectified abnormalities in all patients. This was strain in six cases: flexion of the elbows and/or knees, scoliosis in 3 cases each. Joint restriction in one or both hips was observed in 2 patients. The diagnosis was retained in all patients on radiological data. Vertebral dysplasia was demonstrated in 4cas. Femoral involvement was noted in 2 cases (pseudo rheumatoid dysplasia), knees in 2 cases. Three patients underwent measurement of bone mineral density, which found osteoporosis. Treatment was to prescribe analgesics and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory for all patients, a support unit in rehabilitation and physical medicine in one case and total hip in one case. <h3>Conclusions</h3> SDE is a child or adolescent pathology which must always be suspected in advanced osteoarthritis in young adults. Early diagnosis, through a better understanding of this entity, could improve the quality of life of these patients. <h3>References</h3> Kohler G, Hesse B. Epiphyseal dysplasia–symptoms and differential diagnostic aspects. Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 2004 Jul-Aug;142(4):397-402. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> SDE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Relationship of serum haloperidol levels to clinical response in schizophrenic patients
Authors: J R Magliozzi, L E Hollister, K V Arnold, G M Earle
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors treated 16 outpatients and 1 inpatient who had diagnoses of schizophrenia in exacerbation with haloperidol as the sole neuroleptic agent and obtained ratings of psychopathology and serum levels of haloperidol. Improvement in schizophrenic symptoms measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was significantly greater in patients who had mean haloperidol serum concentrations in the range of 8-18 ng/ml than in patients whose mean haloperidol serum concentration fell outside this range.
Adult psychiatric disorders in psychiatrically ill young adolescents
Authors: R A Weller, E B Weller, B Herjanic
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Adolescents aged 12-15 years, randomly selected from a psychiatric outpatient clinic, psychiatric consultation service, and general pediatric outpatient clinic, were given a complete psychiatric evaluation and structured diagnostic interview. Of 121 subjects studied, 100 satisfied Rutter and associates' criteria for a childhood psychiatric disorder. When these subjects were rediagnosed according to Feighner and associates' research diagnostic criteria (similar to DSM-III criteria), 52 fulfilled the criteria for an adult disorder. Diagnoses included antisocial personality, hysteria, schizophrenia, depression, mental retardation, anxiety neurosis, and undiagnosed psychiatric illness. There was a correlation between diagnosis according to Rutter and associates' criteria and adult diagnosis.
Overview: maintenance therapy in psychiatry: II. Affective disorders
Authors: J M Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

In the first part of this overview the author reviewed the clinical literature on prophylactic treatment of schizophrenia with maintenance antipsychotic drugs. In this second part he reviews the literature on maintenance treatment of affective disorders with lithium and tricyclics. He concludes that the growing realization that maintenance treatment is necessary to prevent recurrences of both mania and depression in bipolar disease and depression in unipolar disease is one of the most important advances in psychiatric therapeutics. The effectiveness of maintenance treatment provides the potential for a truly preventive approach to the treatment of affective disorders.
Unmasking Silent Endothelial Activation in the Cardiovascular System Using Molecular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Julie Belliere, Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo, Robin P. Choudhury, Aurélien Quenault, Audrey Le Béhot, Christine Delage, Dominique Chauveau, Joost P. Schanstra, Jean-Loup Bascands, Denis Vivien, Maxime Gauberti
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

Endothelial activation is a hallmark of cardiovascular diseases, acting either as a cause or a consequence of organ injury.To date, we lack suitable methods to measure endothelial activation in vivo.In the present study, we developed a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method allowing non-invasive endothelial activation mapping in the vasculature of the main organs affected during cardiovascular diseases.In clinically relevant contexts in mice (including systemic inflammation, acute and chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus and normal aging), we provided evidence that this method allows detecting endothelial activation before any clinical manifestation of organ failure in the brain, kidney and heart with an exceptional sensitivity.In particular, we demonstrated that diabetes mellitus induces chronic endothelial cells activation in the kidney and heart.Moreover, aged mice presented activated endothelial cells in the kidneys and the cerebrovasculature.Interestingly, depending on the underlying condition, the temporospatial patterns of endothelial activation in the vascular beds of the cardiovascular system were different.These results demonstrate the feasibility of detecting silent endothelial activation occurring in conditions associated with high cardiovascular risk using molecular MRI.
Phenotype and immune function of lymph node and peripheral blood CLL cells are linked to transendothelial migration
Authors: Marta Pasikowska, Elisabeth Walsby, Benedetta Apollonio, Kirsty Cuthill, Elizabeth Phillips, Eve Coulter, Maria Serena Longhi, Yun Ma, Deborah Yallop, Linda D. Barber, Piers Patten, Chris Fegan, Alan G. Ramsay, Chris Pepper, Stephen Devereux, Andrea G. S. Buggins
Journal: Blood (2016)
Six-year follow-up of patients with carefully diagnosed good- and poor- prognosis schizophrenia
Authors: J W Knesevich, S J Zalcman, P J Clayton
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Forty-nine probands, diagnosed according to objective diagnostic criteria as having good- or poor-prognosis schizophrenia, were interviewed 6 years after being diagnosed to assess outcome measured by the Strauss-Carpenter outcome scale, global ratings made by experienced clinicians, and Feighner criteria. The majority of poor-prognosis probands were doing poorly, had a higher than expected number of suicides or probable suicides, and had evidence of organic impairment. The authors conclude that poor prognosis can be accurately predicted when longitudinal factors are embedded in the diagnostic criteria and that clinicians should be aware of the substantial risk of suicide and organic impairment with schizophrenia.
Identification of Occupational Settings With Very High Risks of Lung Cancer
Authors: Roy E. Albert, M.D., Bernard S. Pasternack, Ph.D., Roy E. Shore, Ph.D., Norton Nelson, Ph.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Identification of Occupational Settings With Very High Risks of Lung Cancer Get access Roy E. Albert, M.D., Roy E. Albert, M.D. New York University Institute of Environmental Medicine, 550 First Avenue New York, New York 10016 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernard S. Pasternack, Ph.D., Bernard S. Pasternack, Ph.D. New York University Institute of Environmental Medicine, 550 First Avenue New York, New York 10016 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roy E. Shore, Ph.D., Roy E. Shore, Ph.D. New York University Institute of Environmental Medicine, 550 First Avenue New York, New York 10016 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Norton Nelson, Ph.D. Norton Nelson, Ph.D. New York University Institute of Environmental Medicine, 550 First Avenue New York, New York 10016 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 63, Issue 6, December 1979, Pages 1289–1290, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/63.6.1289 Published: 01 December 1979
Case 48-1964
Authors: Jack R. Dreyfuss, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-eight-year-old man entered the hospital because of abdominal pain.Three months previously he began to experience epigastric pain one or two hours after eating; alkali and a bland diet afforded partial relief. Anorexia and nausea with occasional vomiting occurred, and he lost 25 pounds in weight.Six weeks before admission an upper gastrointestinal series performed at another hospital was reported to show an ulcer crater, 0.6 cm. in diameter, projecting from the posterior aspect of the lesser curvature of the gastric fundus; the rugal folds were thickened and tortuous, particularly in the proximal half of the . . .