tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-059 An experimental study to determine the pathogenesis of oxaliplatin induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
Authors: S Robinson, J Mann, D Manas, A Burt, D Mann, S White
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) following Oxaliplatin based chemotherapy is a cause for major concern when undertaking liver resection for colorectal liver metastases. To date no relevant experimental models of Oxaliplatin induced SOS have been described. The aim of this project was to establish such a model which could be utilised to identify potential therapeutic strategies to prevent the development of SOS. <h3>Methods</h3> C57Bl/6 mice were treated with intra-peritoneal FOLFOX (n=10), or vehicle (n=10), weekly for 5 weeks and culled 1 week following final treatment. Representative biopsies of the liver and spleen were fixed in formalin and paraffin embedded for histological analysis. RNA and protein were extracted from snap frozen biopsies of the liver and subject to biochemical, analysis by qRT-PCR and western blot respectively, for markers of matrix remodelling, vascular dysfunction/endothelial damage, DNA damage and cellular proliferation. Serum was separated from whole blood and markers of liver injury (ie, ALT, AST and Alk Phos) were also measured. Statistical significance was assessed with Mann–Whitney U Test. <h3>Results</h3> FOLFOX treatment was associated with the development of sinusoidal dilatation and peri-venular hepatocyte atrophy on H&amp;E stained sections of the liver in keeping with SOS. This was associated with an elevated serum ALT and AST (p&lt;0.05). Immunohistochemistry for γH2AX demonstrated the presence of DNA damage in the sinusoidal endothelium. In the liver of FOLFOX treated animals there was up-regulation of key genes associated with matrix remodelling such as MMP9 (p&lt;0.001), MMP2 (p&lt;0.001), Pro-Collagen I (p&lt;0.001) and TGFβ (p&lt;0.001). There was evidence of endothelial damage and a subsequent pro-thrombotic state with up-regulation of PAI-1 (p&lt;0.001), vWF (p&lt;0.01) and Factor X (p&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> We have developed the first reproducible model of chemotherapy induced SOS that reflects the pathogenesis of this disease process in patients. Through analysis of this model we have gained insights into the molecular changes that underpin the development of SOS and are now able to test potential therapeutic strategies to prevent it. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Effectiveness of an endoscopic ultrasonography- and/or intraductal ultrasonography-based approach for distinguishing benign from malignant intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms
Authors: Kishimoto Yui
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Backgrounds: A main duct-type and mixed-type of intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of pancreas is involved from benign to malignancy. However, branch-duct type IPMN is very diffical to distignish benign from malignancy. In this study, the diagnostic effectiveness of endoscopic ultrasonography of IPMN studied prospectively according to our critelia.
SAT0219 Prevalence of Chronic Widespread Pain in SSC Patients: Preliminary Data
Authors: S. Stisi, S. Bellissimo, C. Venditti, P. Sarzi-Puttini, A. Batticciotto, G. Biasi, A. Gallo, R. Talotta, M. G. Ferrucci, F. Atzeni, V. D. Sabatino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic widespread pain (CWP) is a healthcare problem that has a considerable social impact because it is frequent (a prevalence of 4.7-11.2%) and causes a poor quality of life. It can be a consequence of many disorders; however, there are few reports concerning its prevalence during the course of other diseases. Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterised by vascular injury and progressive skin and organ fibrosis. The involvement of internal organs is responsible for higher morbidity and mortality rates, and the patients quality of life can be worsened by the presence of CWP. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of CWP in patients with limited (l-SSc) or diffuse SSc (d-SSc) and healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> All of the patients were evaluated in terms of the disease activity, markers of inflammation, the presence of antibodies, serum vitamin D levels, and disease duration. All of the subjects (patients and controls) completed a psychic stress test (the Kessler 10-item test), a test of the quality of sleep and fatigue (Flinder's Fatigue Scale), and a test of catastrophism. <h3>Results</h3> The study evaluated 48 patients with SSc (42 females and 6 men; mean age 59.4±13.5, range 24-81), 31 with l-SSc and 17 with d-SSc (disease duration 8±5 years). The overall prevalence of CWP in the patients was 27.1%, much higher than that expected in the general population. The prevalence of CWP in the patients with l-SSc and d-SSc was respectively 17.6% and 32.3%, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was no correlation between the prevalence of CWP and the dergree of cutaneous involvement (modified Rodnan Skin Score), but there was a correlation with older age (p=0.033) and the ESR (p=0.041). Logistic regression showed that the only variable favouring the development of CWP was the presence of anti-centromeric antibodies (ACAs, p=0.08). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The higher prevalence of CWP among patients with SSc does not correlate with the clinical manifestations of the disease. However, it does correlate with advanced age and the presence of inflammation. The presence of ACAs is a risk factor for CWP, which suggests that patients with l-SSc develop CWP more frequently than those with d-SSc. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Relation between Negligent Adverse Events and the Outcomes of Medical-Malpractice Litigation
Authors: Troyen A. Brennan, Colin M. Sox, Helen R. Burstin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

We have previously shown that in New York State the initiation of malpractice suits correlates poorly with the actual occurrence of adverse events (injuries resulting from medical treatment) and negligence. There is little information on the outcome of such lawsuits, however. To assess the ability of malpractice litigation to make accurate determinations, we studied 51 malpractice suits to identify factors that predict payment to plaintiffs.
Initial Management of Burns
Authors: William W. Monafo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

The incidence of burn injury has declined steadily over the past several decades in the United States and in some other developed countries. In-hospital fatality rates have also declined and are now only about 4 percent among patients with major injuries who are treated in specialized burn units.1,2 Despite this declining incidence, about 1.25 million persons are still treated for burns annually in the United States, and 50,000 are hospitalized each year for the treatment of burns.3 Seventy-five percent of those hospitalized have burns covering less than 10 percent of the body-surface area.1 Such burns rarely cause hemodynamic problems . . .
EFFICACY OF CANGRELOR IN CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE PATIENTS UNDERGOING PCI: A SUBGROUP ANALYSIS FROM THE CHAMPION POOLED DATABASE
Authors: Serge Korjian, Yazan Daaboul, Deepak Bhatt, Robert Harrington, Gregg Stone, Philippe Steg, Christian Hamm, Matthew Price, Kenneth Mahaffey, Harvey White, Jayne Prats, Efthymios Deliargyris, C. Michael Gibson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract LB-173: Genome-scale analysis of aberrant DNA methylation in colorectal cancer
Authors: Toshinori Hinoue, Daniel J. Weisenberger, Christopher P.E. Lange, Houtan Noushmehr, Hyang-Min Byun, Cornelis M. van Dijk, Fei Pan, Simeen Malik, David J. Van Den Berg, Hui Shen, Rob A.E.M. Tollenaar, Peter W. Laird
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease in which unique subtypes are characterized by distinct genetic and epigenetic alterations. Here we performed comprehensive genome-scale DNA methylation profiling of 125 colorectal tumors and 29 adjacent normal tissues. We identified four DNA methylation-based subgroups of CRC using model-based cluster analyses. Each subtype shows characteristic genetic and clinical features, indicating that they represent biologically distinct subgroups. A CIMP-high (CIMP-H) subgroup includes all CIMP-positive tumors characterized by the MethyLight five-marker panel, and is strongly associated with MLH1 DNA hypermethylation and the BRAFV600E mutation. A CIMP-low subgroup is enriched for KRAS mutations and characterized by DNA hypermethylation of a subset of CIMP-associated markers rather than a unique group of CpG islands. Non-CIMP tumors are separated into two distinct clusters. One non-CIMP subgroup is distinguished by a significantly higher frequency of TP53 mutations and frequent occurrence in the distal colon, while the tumors that belong to the fourth group exhibit a low frequency of both cancer-specific DNA hypermethylation and gene mutations and are significantly enriched for rectal tumors. Furthermore, we identified 114 genes that were downregulated more than 2-fold in CIMP-H tumors together with promoter DNA hypermethylation. These represent approximately 7% of genes that acquired promoter DNA methylation in CIMP-H tumors. Intriguingly, 48/114 genes were also transcriptionally silent in non-CIMP subgroups, but this was not attributable to promoter DNA hypermethylation. Together, we identified four distinct DNA methylation subgroups of CRC and provided novel insight regarding the role of CIMP-specific DNA hypermethylation in gene silencing. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-173. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-173
BIOPSIA INCISIONAL DE LESIONES SUBMUCOSAS: UNA ALTERNATIVA EFICAZ A LA PUNCIÓN/ASPIRACIÓN CON AGUJA FINA GUIADA POR ECOENDOSCOPIA (USE-PAAF)
Authors: C De la Serna Higuera, M Pérez-Miranda, P Gil Simón, P Díez Redondo, N Alcaide Suárez, MT Herranz, L Sancho del Val, A Caro-Patón
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introducción y objetivos: La punción-aspiración con aguja fina guiada por ecoendoscopia (USE-PAAF) tiene un valor limitado en el diagnóstico histológico de las lesiones submucosas (LSM). El empleo de agujas Tru-Cut presenta limitaciones, por lo que se necesitan alternativas. Describimos un nuevo abordaje diagnóstico de las LSM mediante biopsia con pinza tras incisión con esfinterotomo de aguja (IEA-BP) guiada por USE.
Abstract 263: p38 MAPK is required for EGFR nuclear translocation
Authors: Sheng-Chieh Hsu, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) severs as a mediator of signal cascades on the cell surface and translocates to the nucleus to control many cellular process including transcriptional regulation and DNA repair. However, the molecular mechanisms of EGFR nuclear translocation remain elusive. In this study, we show that, in addition of EGF, nuclear translocation of EGFR was induced by several p38 MAPK activating reagents including UV and cisplatin. The p38 MAPK activation correlated with EGFR nuclear translocation. To further examine the role of p38 MAPK in the EGFR nuclear translocation, p38 MAPK inhibitors, dominate negative p38 MAPK and p38 MAPK siRNA were used to inhibit UV-induced EGFR nuclear translocation. Consequently, EGFR nuclear translocation can be induced by p38 MAPK activator. Thus, we demonstrate here that p38 MAPK is required for EGFR nuclear translocation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 263.
THU0010 The Significance of Ectopic Germinal Center in Minor Salivary Gland of Patients with SjÖGren's Syndrome
Authors: K.-E. Lee, S.-S. Lee, D.-J. Park, J.-W. Lee, J.H. Kang, L. Wen, T.-J. Kim
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether the presence of germinal center (GC) in minor salivary glands of patients with Sjögren9s syndrome (SS) is associated with different clinical and laboratory features. <h3>Methods</h3> Minor salivary gland tissue biopsies from 93 SS patients were used to identify GC-like structures and germinal center was confirmed by CD21-positive follicular dendritic cell networks. Sociodemographic, glandular, and extraglandular manifestations, and laboratory findings including autoantibodies, complement, and immunoglobulin levels, were analyzed. EULAR SS disease activity index (ESSDAI) and SS disease damage index (SSDDI) were also measured. <h3>Results</h3> GC-like structures were observed in 28 of 93 SS patients (30.1%). Mean focus score was significantly higher in GC-positive patients than in GC-negative patients. GC-positive patients had higher CRP levels and had higher prevalence of rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP antibody, and anti-SSA/Ro antibody compared to GC-negative patients. However, glandular and extra-glandular manifestations were not different between the two groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings showed that SS patients who had GC-like structures in minor salivary glands had different laboratory profiles compared to those patients who didn9t have. Long-term follow-up of these patients will be necessary to see whether these laboratory abnormalities translate into changes in clinical features. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2681
808 THE SOLUBLE ANTAGONISTIC FORM OF IFN-INDUCIBLE-PROTEIN-10 (IP-10) IS A PREDICTOR OF CLINICAL OUTCOME DURING ACUTE HEPATITIS C INFECTION
Authors: A. Riva, M. Laird, A. Casrouge, A. Ambrozaitis, M.L. Albert, N.V. Naoumov, S. Chokshi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abstract 4178: The role of miR-1 in RAS mutation prostate cancer metastasis.
Authors: Yen-Nien Liu, Juan Juan Yin, Ben Barrett, Heather Sheppard-Tillman, Orla Casey, Kathy Kelly
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Several mechanisms have been suggested to impact prostate cancer progression, including mutation of Ras, either genetically or epigenetically during prostate cancer metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are involved in embryonic development and prostate cancer metastasis. MiR-1 expression has been found to be downregulated in prostate cancer clinical cases relative to normal prostate tissue. It is not clear how miR-1 expression relates to Ras mutation in prostate cancer metastasis. Identifying the regulatory mechanisms of miR-1 in relation to Ras signaling will define roles of the miR-1 regulatory pathway in prostate metastatic processes. To investigate the contribution of this miRNA in Ras signaling pathway, we are using lentiviral expression systems to enhance miR-1 expression in a metastatic human prostate cancer cell line. Following confirmation of miR-1 over-expression, we have found that the metastatic prostate cancer cell line DU145 with RasV12G37 mutant displayed reduced metastasis and tumor growth ability in vivo, and decreased expression of a miR-1 target gene and Ras-related gene expression in vitro. We hypothesize that upon activation of Ras signaling genes, reduced expression of miR-1 is required for prostate cancer metastasis. Our results will provide evidence to show how miR-1 regulates Ras signaling genes in prostate cancer progression. Citation Format: Yen-Nien Liu, Juan Juan Yin, Ben Barrett, Heather Sheppard-Tillman, Orla Casey, Kathy Kelly. The role of miR-1 in RAS mutation prostate cancer metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4178. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4178
P256 Safety Of Once-daily Tiotropium And Olodaterol Fixed-dose Combination Via The Respimat In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease In Two 1-year Studies
Authors: R. Buhl, R. Abrahams, L. Bjermer, E. Derom, M. Fle ar, J. Hebert, A. Veale, L. Gronke, A. Hamilton, K. Tetzlaff, L. Korducki, H. Huisman, S. Waitere-Wijker, L. McGarvey
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The fixed-dose combination (FDC) of tiotropium (T), a once-daily long-acting muscarinic antagonist, and olodaterol (O), a once-daily long-acting β<sub>2</sub>-agonist, is currently being evaluated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Two 52-week, Phase III replicate pivotal studies were conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of FDCs of T and O (T+O) delivered via Respimat® Soft Mist™ inhaler in patients (pts) with GOLD Stage 2–4 COPD. Pooled safety data from the two studies are presented here. <h3>Methods</h3> These were double-blind, randomised, parallel-group studies with 5 arms: O 5 µg, T 2.5 µg, T 5 µg, T+O 2.5/5 µg, T+O 5/5 µg. Key inclusion criteria were: age ≥40 years, diagnosis of COPD, smoking history &gt;10 pack-years. Pts with a history of asthma or significant disease other than COPD were excluded. Adverse events (AEs) were reported throughout the studies. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 5162 pts were randomised and treated. In general, AEs, serious AEs and fatal AEs were balanced across treatment groups. In particular, frequencies of AEs in the cardiac disorders System Organ Class (SOC) and respiratory disorders SOC were similar. <h3>Conclusions</h3> T+O FDCs were safe and well tolerated. In comparison to the individual components, there was no notable increase in AEs with T+O FDCs.
Obstructive jaundice as a complication of a peptic duodenal ulcer mimicking pancreatic cancer
Authors: L. Hidalgo, A. Repiso, M. Romero, J. Navajas, R. Sánchez-Simón, R. Gómez-Rodríguez, J. Carrobles
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

A 56-year-old man was admitted to our gastroenterology department for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The patient was a heavy smoker and drank an average of 50 g of ethanol per day. On urgent upper endoscopy, an active bleeding ulcer was observed in the upper wall of the first duodenal flexure. In spite of therapeutic sclerosis with epinephrine 1 : 10 000 (4 mL) and etoxiesclerol 2 % (4 mL) the ulcer bled again. After a second unsuccessful attempt at therapeutic endoscopy with injection of epinephrine 1 : 10 000 (6 mL) and etoxiesclerol 2 % (4 mL) the patient was operated and the bleeding point sutured. After 2 months, the patient was readmitted for painless obstructive jaundice. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan showed dilated intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts (up to the intrapancreatic portion) and an increase in the size of the pancreatic head with an ill-defined hypodense area measuring 21 × 13 mm ([Fig. 1]).
Measurement of Diastolic Blood Pressure by Palpation
Authors: Charles D. Enselberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE purpose of this paper is to reawaken interest in a long neglected simple tool in physical diagnosis and to provide graphic evidence of the phenomenon involved. When the examiner palpates the brachial artery while a sphygomomanometer cuff is being deflated, a peculiar tactile sensation becomes evident as the cuff pressure approaches the diastolic blood pressure. The sensation abruptly disappears when the pressure within the cuff falls below the diastolic level. The sequence is reversed when palpation is performed during inflation of the cuff. This phenomenon has been known since the early years of the century1 , 2 and has been described . . .
Use of Statistical Analysis in<i>The New England Journal of Medicine</i>
Authors: John D. Emerson, Graham A. Colditz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Abstract A sorting of the statistical methods used by authors of the 760 research and review articles in Volumes 298 to 301 of The New England Journal of Medicine indicates that a reader who is conversant with descriptive statistics (percentages, means, and standard deviations) has statistical access to 58 per cent of the articles. Understanding t-tests increases this access to 67 per cent. The addition of contingency tables gives statistical access to 73 per cent of the articles. Familiarity with each additional statistical method gradually increases the percentage of accessible articles. Original Articles use statistical techniques more extensively than other articles in the Journal. Research studies based on a longitudinal design make heavier use of statistics than do those using a cross-sectional design. The tabulations in this study should aid clinicians and medical investigators who are planning their continuing education in statistical methods, and faculty who design or teach courses in quantitative methods for medical and health professionals. (N Engl J Med 1983; 309:709–13.)
AB0828-HPR Psychological and sexual disorders in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and correlation with disease activity
Authors: L. Villarreal, C. Sandoval, A. P. Real, P. Boon, A. Palomino, J. Bello, P. Santos-Moreno
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Emotional stability and sexual life are important dimensions of personality, therefore any involvement in these areas should be considered as important. Psychological and sexual disorders in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are poorly described in literature. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to describe psychological and sexual disturbances using CIE-10 and DSM-IV in patiens with RA and a possible correlation with disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> A descriptive study was performed in a specialized clinic dedicated to care patients with RA. 311 RA patients were included in the study, which were seen by the area of psychology, which information was collected through semi-structured interviews and non-probability sampling, also using classificatory criteria of pathologies described in two diagnostic manuals: DSM IV and CIE 10, applying descriptive epidemiology for continuous variables, measure of central tendency and dispersion for qualitative and categorical variables through percentages and averages; also Kruskall-Wallis`s statistics for bivariated analysis. <h3>Results</h3> Total sample of patients was 311, 262 (84.2%) were women and 49 (15.8%) were men. Patients had a DAS28-3.41 ± 0.94 in average, a HAQ-0.41 ± 0.48, a medium age 58.1 ± 10.3 y/o; Using CIE-10 were found: 43.7% of patients had mixed disorder/disorder of mood in relation to disease (depressiveepisodeunspecified, depression and or anxiety), 19.2% had somatomorphic disorder, 4.2% unspecified disorder of eating behavior, 9.0% diagnosed sleep disorder and 18.6% no report disorders previously. It was not established correlation between type of psychological disorder and disease activity. Regarding sexual disorders were found: 47.5% reported no sexual activity, while 52.5% report sexual activity. Of these, 10.2% reported satisfactory sexual activity, 8.2 reported unspecified unsatisfactory sexual activity, 9.6% reported lack of sexual desire, 17.6% reported dyspareunia, 3.2% premature ejaculation, 3.5% orgasmic dysfunction. It was not established a correlation between level of sexual activity and disease activity using DAS28. <h3>Conclusions</h3> According to these findings men and women have many psychological disorders in relation to RA; in both there is a prevalence of depressiveepisodeunspecified and depression/anxiety. On the other hand men and women have a high percentage of sexual disturbances in relation to RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AGRANULOCYTOSIS IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH THORAZINE
Authors: NAOMI RASKIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1957)

This case demonstrates two points to be remembered with Thorazine; namely, that the dosage does not have to be high to produce agranulocytosis in susceptible patients, and that even when Thorazine has been withdrawn and replaced by energetic treatment and agranulocytosis hematologically resolved, the clinical course may be fatal. We are not sure what part had been played by the patient's pulmonary emphysema and cerebral aneurysm in her clinical condition.