tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular safety of adjuvant bevacizumab for breast cancer.
Authors: E. L. Mayer, A. Nohria, K. Miller, H. S. Rugo, L. A. Carey, N. Ryabin, R. S. Gelman, E. P. Winer, H. J. Burstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

571 Background: Limited data describe the cardiovascular safety of bevacizumab (B) exposure after anthracycline-based adjuvant chemotherapy. We sought to examine rates of cardiovascular dysfunction during and following treatment with adjuvant B for breast cancer. Methods: DFCI 05-055 was a phase II pilot study for patients (pts) with residual invasive carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stage II-III breast cancer. Four sequential 40 pt cohorts were treated with B 15 mg/kg every 3 weeks for 12 months (mo) as monotherapy, with metronomic chemotherapy for 6 mo, with capecitabine 14 day (d) on/7d off for 18 weeks, or 7d on/7d off for 6 mo. Concurrent endocrine and/or trastuzumab therapy was allowed. The primary endpoint was feasibility and tolerability of the combination therapy. Pts underwent cardiac evaluation by MUGA at baseline and 6 mo; a small subset also had MUGA 1 year after completing B. Blood pressure was monitored at each visit and toxicity was graded per CTCAE v.3. Results: 163 pts (median age 51, range 28-77) were treated; of those, 95% had prior neoadjuvant anthracycline, and 10% received prior and concurrent trastuzumab. All treated pts had baseline MUGA, median LVEF 62% (range 51-80). At 6 mo, median LVEF was 62% (range 45-75); 11 pts experienced a drop in LVEF of 10-14%, and 2 pts ≥ 15%. 4 pts (2.4%) had changes in LVEF leading to cessation of protocol therapy; 2 with grade 2 LVEF detected at the 6 month MUGA, and 2 with symptomatic grade 3/4 LVEF detected at 4 and 11 months. All 4 had prior anthracycline exposure, and one was also receiving concurrent trastuzumab. 3 pts recovered LVEF to normal range; 1 pt with history of mantle RT for lymphoma died of progressive CHF. 16 pts underwent MUGA 1 year after completing B; median LVEF was 61% (range 53-77%). Grade 3 hypertension (HTN) was observed in 13 pts (8%); 3 ceased protocol therapy due to HTN. Conclusions: Adjuvant B may be associated with cardiovascular toxicity including hypertension, modest changes in ejection fraction, and rare instances of congestive heart failure. Detailed cardiovascular safety assessments are important in ongoing trials of biologics, particularly amongst women with other cardiac risk factors and in those who develop treatment-related hypertension. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech/Roche Genentech/Roche Genentech/Roche
Mechanisms of anaphylaxis in human low-affinity IgG receptor locus knock-in mice
Authors: Caitlin M. Gillis, Friederike Jönsson, David A. Mancardi, Naxin Tu, Héloïse Beutier, Nico Van Rooijen, Lynn E. Macdonald, Andrew J. Murphy, Pierre Bruhns
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Blockade of αEβ7 integrin suppresses accumulation of CD8<sup>+</sup>and Th9 lymphocytes from patients with IBD in the inflamed gut in vivo
Authors: Sebastian Zundler, Daniela Schillinger, Anika Fischer, Raja Atreya, Rocío López-Posadas, Alastair Watson, Clemens Neufert, Imke Atreya, Markus F Neurath
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Therapeutically targeting lymphocyte adhesion is of increasing relevance in IBD. Yet, central aspects of the action of antiadhesion compounds are incompletely understood. We investigated the role of αEβ7 and α4β7 integrins and their blockade by vedolizumab and etrolizumab for trafficking of IBD T lymphocytes in an in vivo model of homing to and retention in the inflamed gut. <h3>Design</h3> We explored integrin expression in patients with IBD by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, while regulation of integrins was studied in T cell cultures. The functional relevance of integrins was assessed by adhesion assays and a recently established humanised mouse model in dextran sodium sulfate-treated immunodeficient mice. <h3>Results</h3> High expression of αEβ7 was noted on CD8<sup>+</sup> and CD4<sup>+</sup> Th9 cells, while α4β7 was expressed on CD8<sup>+</sup>, Th2 and Th17 cells. T cell receptor stimulation and transforming growth factor β were key inducers of αEβ7 on human T cells, while butyric acid suppressed αEβ7. In comparison to α4β7 blockade via vedolizumab, blockade of β7 via etrolizumab surrogate antibody superiorly reduced colonic numbers of CD8<sup>+</sup> and Th9 cells in vivo after 3 hours, while no difference was noted after 0.5 hours. AEβ7 expression was higher on CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells from patients with IBD under vedolizumab therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> AEβ7 is of key relevance for gut trafficking of IBD CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and CD4<sup>+</sup> Th9 cells in vivo and mainly retention might account for this effect. These findings indicate that blockade of αEβ7 in addition to α4β7 may be particularly effective in intestinal disorders with expansion of CD8<sup>+</sup> and Th9 cells such as IBD.
Opportunities and challenges in modeling human brain disorders in transgenic primates
Authors: Charles G Jennings, Rogier Landman, Yang Zhou, Jitendra Sharma, Julia Hyman, J Anthony Movshon, Zilong Qiu, Angela C Roberts, Anna Wang Roe, Xiaoqin Wang, Huihui Zhou, Liping Wang, Feng Zhang, Robert Desimone, Guoping Feng
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2016)
Choice of Surgical Procedure for Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer ≤ 1 cm or &gt; 1 to 2 cm Among Lobectomy, Segmentectomy, and Wedge Resection: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Chenyang Dai, Jianfei Shen, Yijiu Ren, Shengyi Zhong, Hui Zheng, Jiaxi He, Dong Xie, Ke Fei, Wenhua Liang, Gening Jiang, Ping Yang, Rene Horsleben Petersen, Calvin S.H. Ng, Chia-Chuan Liu, Gaetano Rocco, Alessandro Brunelli, Yaxing Shen, Chang Chen, Jianxing He
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

According to the lung cancer staging project, T1a (≤ 2 cm) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) should be additionally classified into ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm groups. This study aimed to investigate the surgical procedure for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm.We identified 15,760 patients with T1aN0M0 NSCLC after surgery from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer-specific survival (LCSS) were compared among patients after lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection. The proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate multiple prognostic factors.OS and LCSS favored lobectomy compared with segmentectomy or wedge resection in patients with NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. Multivariable analysis showed that segmentectomy and wedge resection were independently associated with poorer OS and LCSS than lobectomy for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. With sublobar resection, lower OS and LCSS emerged for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm after wedge resection, whereas similar survivals were observed for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm. Multivariable analyses showed that wedge resection is an independent risk factor of survival for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm but not for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm.Lobectomy showed better survival than sublobar resection for patients with NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. For patients in whom lobectomy is unsuitable, segmentectomy should be recommended for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm, whereas surgeons could rely on surgical skills and the patient profile to decide between segmentectomy and wedge resection for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm.
Doctors Have Feelings Too
Authors: Mark B. Mengel
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor.—  Dr Zinn's 1 article describes the importance of physicians evaluating their own emotional response to patients. This self-analysis would no doubt lead to improvements in their relationships with patients and might even improve their quality of patient care, although this hypothesis has not been empirically demonstrated. Dr Zinn mentioned two ways physicians could engage in such self-analysis: (1) keep a diary of situations that were particularly emotionally charged or where mistakes in diagnosis and treatment were made and (2) share experiences with colleagues through peer consultation. While those approaches are clearly useful, two other recently developed alternatives exist that could also be helpful to physicians interested in self-analysis.  In the 1950s, Michael Balint formed a group of general practitioners who met monthly to discuss difficult cases. These meetings were designed so that one practitioner would present a difficult case in some depth using the group of practitioners
Malarial Nephritis: Epidemiological and Clinical Notes on Malaria, Blackwater Fever, Albuminuria and Nephritis in the Interior of British Guiana, Based on Seven Years' Continual Observation.
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ten-Year Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting According to Age in Patients With Heart Failure and Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Mark C. Petrie, Pardeep S. Jhund, Lilin She, Christopher Adlbrecht, Torsten Doenst, Julio A. Panza, James A. Hill, Kerry L. Lee, Jean L. Rouleau, David L. Prior, Imtiaz S. Ali, Jyotsna Maddury, Krzysztof S. Golba, Harvey D. White, Peter Carson, Lukasz Chrzanowski, Alexander Romanov, Alan B. Miller, Eric J. Velazquez
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background: Advancing age is associated with a greater prevalence of coronary artery disease in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and with a higher risk of complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Whether the efficacy of CABG compared with medical therapy (MED) in patients with heart failure caused by ischemic cardiomyopathy is the same in patients of different ages is unknown. Methods: A total of 1212 patients (median follow-up, 9.8 years) with ejection fraction ≤35% and coronary disease amenable to CABG were randomized to CABG or MED in the STICH trial (Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure). Results: Mean age at trial entry was 60 years; 12% were women; 36% were nonwhite; and the baseline ejection fraction was 28%. For the present analyses, patients were categorized by age quartiles: quartile 1, ≤54 years; quartile, 2 &gt;54 and ≤60 years; quartile 3, &gt;60 and ≤67 years; and quartile 4, &gt;67 years. Older versus younger patients had more comorbidities. All-cause mortality was higher in older compared with younger patients assigned to MED (79% versus 60% for quartiles 4 and 1, respectively; log-rank P =0.005) and CABG (68% versus 48% for quartiles 4 and 1, respectively; log-rank P &lt;0.001). In contrast, cardiovascular mortality was not statistically significantly different across the spectrum of age in the MED group (53% versus 49% for quartiles 4 and 1, respectively; log-rank P =0.388) or CABG group (39% versus 35% for quartiles 4 and 1, respectively; log-rank P =0.103). Cardiovascular deaths accounted for a greater proportion of deaths in the youngest versus oldest quartile (79% versus 62%). The effect of CABG versus MED on all-cause mortality tended to diminish with increasing age ( P interaction =0.062), whereas the benefit of CABG on cardiovascular mortality was consistent over all ages ( P interaction =0.307). There was a greater reduction in all-cause mortality or cardiovascular hospitalization with CABG versus MED in younger compared with older patients ( P interaction =0.004). In the CABG group, cardiopulmonary bypass time or days in intensive care did not differ for older versus younger patients. Conclusions: CABG added to MED has a more substantial benefit on all-cause mortality and the combination of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization in younger compared with older patients. CABG added to MED has a consistent beneficial effect on cardiovascular mortality regardless of age. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00023595.
Silicone Breast Implants and Anaplastic Large T-Cell Lymphoma—Reply
Authors: Daphne de Jong
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Low Dose Single Agent Thalidomide Is Tolerated in Patients with Primary Systemic Amyloidosis, but Responses Are Limited.
Authors: Angela Dispenzieri, Martha Q. Lacy, Susan M. Geyer, Philip R. Greipp, Thomas E. Witzig, John A. Lust, Steven R. Zeldenrust, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Robert A. Kyle, Rafael Fonseca, Morie A. Gertz
Journal: Blood (2004)
Digenic inheritance in epidermolysis bullosa simplex involving two novel mutations in <i>KRT5</i> and <i>KRT14</i>
Authors: E. Kim, A. Harris, V. Hyland, D.F. Murrell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplex (EBS) is a heritable skin fragility disease most commonly caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes encoding keratin 5 and keratin 14 (KRT5 & KRT14)1. Keratin 5 and 14 dimerise to form intermediate filaments, which provide structure, strength and flexibility to the keratinocyte cytoskeleton.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Gastric Cancer, Version 3.2016, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Authors: Jaffer A. Ajani, Thomas A. D'Amico, Khaldoun Almhanna, David J. Bentrem, Joseph Chao, Prajnan Das, Crystal S. Denlinger, Paul Fanta, Farhood Farjah, Charles S. Fuchs, Hans Gerdes, Michael Gibson, Robert E. Glasgow, James A. Hayman, Steven Hochwald, Wayne L. Hofstetter, David H. Ilson, Dawn Jaroszewski, Kimberly L. Johung, Rajesh N. Keswani, Lawrence R. Kleinberg, W. Michael Korn, Stephen Leong, Catherine Linn, A. Craig Lockhart, Quan P. Ly, Mary F. Mulcahy, Mark B. Orringer, Kyle A. Perry, George A. Poultsides, Walter J. Scott, Vivian E. Strong, Mary Kay Washington, Benny Weksler, Christopher G. Willett, Cameron D. Wright, Debra Zelman, Nicole McMillian, Hema Sundar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the third leading cause of death from cancer in the world. Several advances have been made in the staging procedures, imaging techniques, and treatment approaches. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Gastric Cancer provide an evidence- and consensus-based treatment approach for the management of patients with gastric cancer. This manuscript discusses the recommendations outlined in the NCCN Guidelines for staging, assessment of HER2 overexpression, systemic therapy for locally advanced or metastatic disease, and best supportive care for the prevention and management of symptoms due to advanced disease.
L-Dex ratio in detecting and diagnosing breast cancer-related lymphedema: Reliability, sensitivity, and specificity.
Authors: Mei R. Fu, Charles M. Cleland, Amber Azniv Guth, Maia Kayal, Judith Haber, Francis Cartwright, Robin Kleinman, Yang Kang, Joan Scagliola, Deborah M. Axelrod
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

12 Background: It remains a great challenge to accurately diagnose breast cancer-related lymphedema. Advances in bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) permit the assessment of lymphedema by directly measuring lymph fluid changes. Despite its value in assessing lymphedema, the use of BIA in clinical settings is still very limited. In part, this may be due to anecdotal complaints from clinicians about BIA’s ability to identify true case of lymphedema in the clinical settings using L-Dex ratio &gt;+10 as the cutoff point for lymphedema diagnosis. This may also be due to lack of large clinical data to support the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of using L-Dex ratio. The objective of the study was to examine the reliability, sensitivity, and specificity of BIA in a clinical setting. Methods: BIA was used to measure lymph fluid changes. Data were collected from 250 women, including healthy female adults, breast cancer survivors with lymphedema, and those at risk for lymphedema. Reliability, sensitivity, specificity and area under the ROC curve were estimated. Results: BIA ratio, as indicated by L-Dex ratio, was highly reliable among healthy women (ICC=0.99; 95% CI = 0.99 - 0.99), survivors at-risk for lymphedema (ICC=0.99; 95% CI = 0.99 - 0.99), and all women (ICC=0.85; 95% CI = 0.81 – 0.87); reliability was acceptable for survivors with lymphedema (ICC=0.69; 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.80). The L-Dex ratio with a diagnostic cutoff of &gt;+7.1 discriminated between at-risk breast cancer survivors and those with lymphedema with 80% sensitivity and 90% specificity (AUC=0.86). Conclusions: The L-Dex ratio may have a role in clinical practice despite its cost to add confidence in the diagnosis of arm lymphedema among breast cancer survivors. Lymphedema is a progressive and debilitating condition and early treatment usually leads to better clinical outcomes, given that BIA using a diagnostic cutoff of L-Dex ratio &gt; +7.1 still misses 20% of true lymphedema cases, it is important for clinicians to integrate other assessment methods (such as self-report, clinical observation, or perometry) to ensure the accurate diagnosis of lymphedema.
Dapagliflozin Enhances Fat Oxidation and Ketone Production in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Giuseppe Daniele, Juan Xiong, Carolina Solis-Herrera, Aurora Merovci, Roy Eldor, Devjit Tripathy, Ralph A. DeFronzo, Luke Norton, Muhammad Abdul-Ghani
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Insulin resistance is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and decreased ATP synthesis. Treatment of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improves insulin sensitivity. However, recent reports have demonstrated development of ketoacidosis in subjects with T2DM treated with SGLT2i. The current study examined the effect of improved insulin sensitivity with dapagliflozin on 1) mitochondrial ATP synthesis and 2) substrate oxidation rates and ketone production.The study randomized 18 individuals with T2DM to dapagliflozin (n = 9) or placebo (n = 9). Before and after 2 weeks, subjects received an insulin clamp with tritiated glucose, indirect calorimetry, and muscle biopsies.Dapagliflozin reduced fasting plasma glucose (167 ± 13 to 128 ± 6 mg/dL) and increased insulin-stimulated glucose disposal by 36% (P < 0.01). Glucose oxidation decreased (1.06 to 0.80 mg/kg ⋅ min, P < 0.05), whereas nonoxidative glucose disposal (glycogen synthesis) increased (2.74 to 4.74 mg/kg ⋅ min, P = 0.03). Dapagliflozin decreased basal glucose oxidation and increased lipid oxidation and plasma ketone concentration (0.05 to 0.19 mmol/L, P < 0.01) in association with an increase in fasting plasma glucagon (77 ± 8 to 94 ± 13, P < 0.01). Dapagliflozin reduced the ATP synthesis rate, which correlated with an increase in plasma ketone concentration.Dapagliflozin improved insulin sensitivity and caused a shift from glucose to lipid oxidation, which, together with an increase in glucagon-to-insulin ratio, provide the metabolic basis for increased ketone production.
Virus Optical Imaging: Far‐Red Fluorescent Lipid‐Polymer Probes for an Efficient Labeling of Enveloped Viruses (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 16/2016)
Authors: William Lacour, Salim Adjili, Julie Blaising, Arnaud Favier, Karine Monier, Sarra Mezhoud, Catherine Ladavière, Christophe Place, Eve‐Isabelle Pécheur, Marie‐Thérèse Charreyre
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Fluorescent lipid-polymer probes harbouring farred dyes are used by William Lacour and co-workers to efficiently label enveloped viruses (Hepatitis C Virus) on page 2032. The labeled viral particles can be tracked by optical microscopy inside hepatocytes, their host cells, in spite of their autofluorescence up to 700 nm.
Case 58-1962
Authors: Edward B. D. Neuhauser, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Presentation of CaseAn eighteen-year-old girl entered the hospital for evaluation of a chronic lung condition.Four years previously the patient was admitted to another hospital because of an acute febrile illness. X-ray films of the chest (Fig. 1) revealed bilateral pulmonary infiltration, and a diagnosis of acute interstitial pneumonitis was made. While she was in the hospital phlebitis developed in the left lower extremity and was treated with anticoagulants. In the four-year interim she had nonprogressive exertional dyspnea and a chronic cough, which was occasionally productive of white sputum with slight blood streaking. There was no orthopnea, paroxysmal dyspnea . . .