tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2703: A direct regulation of Twist1 by FOXQ1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis.
Authors: Mohammed Abba, Nitin Patil, Kabeer Rasheed, Laura D. Nelson, Giridhar Mudduluru, Jörg H. Leupold, Heike Allgayer
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Abstract Malignant cell transformation, invasion and metastasis are dependent on the coordinated rewiring of gene expression. A major component in the scaffold of these reprogramming events is one in which epithelial cells lose intercellular connections and polarity and adopt a motile mesenchymal phenotype, one that is largely supported by a robust transcriptional machinery consisting mostly of developmental transcription factors. We investigated the winged helix transcription factor, FOXQ1, identified from an oligonucleotide microarray expression analysis, as being concomitantly deregulated in both epithelial and stromal compartments. We found that FOXQ1 contributes to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), in part by directly affecting the transcription of Twist1, itself a key mediator of metastasis that transcriptionally regulates the expression of important molecules involved in EMT. Reporter gene assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that FOXQ1 regulated and directly interacted with the Twist1 promoter, leading to a suppression of E-cadherin and increased expression of mesenchymal markers. Forced expression and RNAi mediated silencing of FOXQ1 led to increased and decreased levels of Twist1 mRNA and protein levels, respectively, with concomitant effects on migration, invasion and in vivo metastasis of colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, FOXQ1 mRNA and protein expression correlated in a series of resected patient samples. Conclusively our results show that FOXQ1 is a novel mediator of colorectal cancer metastasis and joins the network of transcription factors that orchestrate EMT. Citation Format: Mohammed Abba, Nitin Patil, Kabeer Rasheed, Laura D. Nelson, Giridhar Mudduluru, Jörg H. Leupold, Heike Allgayer. A direct regulation of Twist1 by FOXQ1 promotes colorectal cancer metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2703. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2703
Regulation of Cell-Mediated Immunologic Reactivity to Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus-Induced Tumors. II. Nature of Blocking and Unblocking Factors in Serum2, 3
Authors: Thelma A. Koppl, William J. Halliday, F. C. McKenzie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Serum blocking factors, detected in sera of inbred CBA and BALB/c mice with progressing virus-induced tumors by their interference with leukocyte-adherence inhibition (LAI) with the use of syngeneic leukocytes. were found to be strain related: No blocking occurred with allogeneic leukocytes. Furthermore, the unblocking factors of regressor serum were also strain related: No unblocking of allogeneic progressor serum was observed. There was no requirement for H-2 compatibility between leukocytes and tumor cells from which the LAI-inducing antigen was obtained. Absorption of CBA blocking serum with anti-I-Jk antiserum (and with anti-Ik containing this antibody specificity) removed blocking activity; absorption of regressor serum did not reduce its unblocking activity. These observations indicated that certain blocking factors resembled other suppressor factors in possessing antigenic determinants coded by the I-J subregion of the major histocompatibility complex. Their strain restriction and antigen specificity suggested combination with reactive lymphocytes in blocking LAI. The properties of unblocking factors suggested they combine with blocking factors and resemble antiidiotypic antibodies.
How can an act of parliament cure cancer?
Authors: Maurice Saatchi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2013)

Let us start with the most emotive word in the English language – cancer. Why is there no cure for cancer? We need more innovation obviously. But why don't we have it? Is it the money? Is it that NHS commissioning bodies take the view that they will only pay for treatment if it is known to be effective – so that innovation is not attractive to funders, whose aim is to drive down the cost of care? In this way, are funding decisions anti-innovative and clinicians' desire to innovate frustrated?
Oral Budesonide for Active Crohn's Disease
Authors: Gordon R. Greenberg, Brian G. Feagan, Francois Martin, Lloyd R. Sutherland, Alan Thomson, C. Noel Williams, Lars-Goran Nilsson, Tore Persson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Corticosteroids are the most efficacious drugs for inducing remission in active Crohn's disease, but their benefits are frequently offset by serious side effects. Budesonide is a corticosteroid with high topical antiinflammatory activity but low systemic activity because of extensive hepatic metabolism. We investigated the efficacy and safety of an oral controlled-ileal-release preparation of budesonide in patients with active Crohn's disease involving the ileum or ileum and proximal colon.
Lung Transplantation for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Annette Boehler, Rudolf Speich, Erich W. Russi, Walter Weder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis is a rare disease of unknown origin that usually leads to progressive deterioration of lung function and eventual death from respiratory failure. It occurs in women of reproductive age and people with tuberous sclerosis. Lung transplantation is a recent therapeutic approach.We conducted a retrospective study by questionnaire of 34 patients, treated at 16 transplantation centers, who underwent lung transplantation for end-stage lymphangioleiomyomatosis between 1983 and 1995.Of the 34 patients, 27 received single-lung transplants; 6, bilateral transplants; and 1, a heart-lung transplant. As of August 31, 1995, the actuarial survival calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 69 percent after one year and 58 percent after two years. Eighteen patients were alive 33 +/- 20 months (range, 3 to 74) after transplantation. Forced expiratory volume in one second increased from 24 +/- 12 percent of the predicted value before transplantation to 48 +/- 16 percent six months after transplantation. Five early deaths (within one month) were due to hemorrhage (in one patient), acute lung injury (in three), and dehiscence of the bronchial anastomosis (in one). Eleven late deaths (after one month) were due to infections (in eight patients), bronchiolitis obliterans (in two), and metastatic nephroblastoma (in one). Disease-associated problems were extensive pleural adhesions in 18 patients, leading to moderate-to-severe intraoperative hemorrhage in 4; pneumothorax in the native lung after single-lung transplantation in 6 patients; postoperative chylothorax in 3; and recurrent lymphangioleiomyomatosis in the allograft in 1 patient, who died of disseminated aspergillosis.Although disease-related complications are frequent, lung transplantation can be a valuable therapy for patients with end-stage lymphangioleiomyomatosis.
Byssinosis in the United States
Authors: Arend Bouhuys, Leo J. Heaphy, Richard S. F. Schilling, J. W. Welborn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

BYSSINOSIS is an occupational respiratory disease of cotton, flax and hemp workers. Its initial symptoms of tightness in the chest, dyspnea and cough shortly after return to work on Mondays, after an absence from work during the weekend, are characteristic and stereotyped. The symptoms are accompanied by a decrease of ventilatory capacity during the working day. Later, symptoms may extend to other workdays, and finally there is severe and continuous dyspnea, chronic cough and permanent ventilatory insufficiency. Total disability and death may follow. In the cotton industry, byssinosis occurs primarily among cardroom workers. The acute, reversible effects of cotton dust . . .
P280 Extended Clinical Experience With Pirfenidone During A Named Patient Programme For Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ipf): Interim Results
Authors: H. Parfrey, N. Chaudhuri, M. Gibbons, L. Anning, M. Balkin, S. Cooper, R. Dew, T. Maher
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> From September 2011 to May 2013, pirfenidone was available in the UK in a named patient programme (NPP). We present results from an extension to a previous real-world study (Parfrey <i>et al</i>. Abstract S98, BTS Winter Conference 2012) now including longer follow-up and all patients enrolled in the pirfenidone NPP from 4 centres. <h3>Methods</h3> Four centre, retrospective, cohort review of patient outcomes in the 24 months following pirfenidone initiation in the NPP. Discontinuation data were separately collected for all patients prescribed pirfenidone at the Brompton between Sept 2011 and May 2014. <h3>Results</h3> Two hundred and eighteen eligible patients have been identified. Demographic data have been collected for 124 patients (78% male) and outcome data at 12 months from 58 patients. Mean (±S. D.) age at diagnosis was 67.1(± 8.1) years. Mean time from diagnosis to pirfenidone initiation was 27.7(± 30.6) months. At pirfenidone initiation, mean FVC was 69.3(±18.9)% predicted (with 27 (22.0%) patients having FVC &gt;80% predicted); DLco was 40.3(± 13.8)% predicted. Following a 14-day titration period, 53 (93%) patients were receiving the recommended dose of 2403 mg/day pirfenidone. At 6 and 12 months; 47 (81%) and 44 (76%) patients continued to receive pirfenidone. 187 patients have been prescribed pirfenidone at the Brompton since Sept 2011. At 10 months following initiation 18.5% of these have discontinued pirfenidone with no further discontinuations beyond this time. For patients in the NPP with available paired baseline and 6 or 12 month FVC, mean decline in FVC% predicted over first 6 months of pirfenidone treatment was 3.2(± 7.9)%; over first 12 months 1.6(±12.0)%. One patient’s FVC% predicted declined &gt;10% in the first 12 months of treatment. Mean decline in DLco% predicted over first 6 months from pirfenidone initiation was 9.1(± 14.7)%; over first 12 months’ treatment, 7.0(± 17.2)%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The high proportion of patients remaining on pirfenidone at 12 months suggests it is well tolerated and any tolerability issues tend to occur early in treatment. Lung function is largely preserved at 12 months following pirfenidone initiation. Longer-term observation of lung function and clinical outcomes will continue to determine the real-world benefits of pirfenidone.
SAT0526 The Frequency of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease in Patients with Acute Arthritis
Authors: M. Eliseev, S. Vladimirov, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Most of the patients with acute arthritis are diagnosed gout. However, the frequency of Calcium Pyrophosphate Deposition Disease (CPPD) in patients with acute arthritis is not enough valuated. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the frequency of CPPD in patients with acute arthritis and describe joint involvement in these patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 150 adults with acute mono-/olygoarthritis during not more than 2 weeks were enrolled. The mean age was 60±12 years (28-76 ys). All patients underwent aspiration of synovial fluid (SF) from inflamed joint (I MTP, knee or ankle). Crystal identification was performed using polarized light microscopy with compensator (Olympus CX31-P). Diagnosis of CPPD fulfilled McCarty diagnostic criteria. For both CPPD and gout the diagnosis was based on crystal visualization in SF. <h3>Results</h3> Gout was diagnosed in 51 (34%), CPPD – in 45 (30%) of pts. 15 (14%) of pts occurred to have both CPPD and gout. 39 (26%) of pts had other diagnosis. There was male predominance in pts with gout (40m/11f) unlike CPPD, where we observed female predominance (32f/13m). Pts with gout were younger than those with CPPD (35,5±9 ys vs 58,4±12,8 ys, correspondingly, p&lt;0,05). In CPPD pts arthritis most frequently developed in the knee joints (76,3%). Acute arthritis of the ankle and I MTP joints manifested in 30,3% and 10,5% of pts with CPPD. We noticed that acute arthritis in all pts with gout developed during several hours and only in 1/3 of pts with CPPD. In 2/3 of pts with CPPD acute arthritis developed during 1-2 days. Moreover, we measured the level of pain using VAS (visual analogue scale, mm) in pts. The pain was more severe in pts with gout compared with pts with CPPD (78,4±12,5mm vs 54,3±22 mm, correspondingly) and resolved more rapidly as well (3,4±2 days vs 10,3±3,8 days, correspondingly, p&lt;0,05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Diagnosis of gout and CPPD appeared to occur in pts with acute arthritis with the same frequency. Therefore microcrystal arthritis should be crystal-proven. Acute arthritis resolves significantly more rapid in pts with gout than with CPPD. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3500
Paradoxical Interictal Cerebral Cortical Hypermetabolism on Brain FDG PET in Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Authors: Mohamad Al-Makhzomi, Karolien Goffin, Liesbeth De Waele, Lieven Lagae, Koen Van Laere
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a congenital, noninherited neurocutaneous syndrome, characterized by angiomas located in the facial skin and leptomeninges and often associated with severe epilepsy. We report a paradoxical finding on FDG PET with interictally increased metabolism in the affected hemisphere and contralateral cerebellum in an infant with epilepsy due to SWS. PET imaging was performed to assess the extent and degree of cerebral metabolic impairment before epilepsy surgery. Although the exact mechanism underlying this paradoxical hypermetabolism remains unclear, it may play an important role in the pathophysiologic progression of SWS.
Abstract 279: Use of GFP-STAT3βtc for EMSA analysis of protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions in tumorigenic signalling pathways
Authors: Andrew F. Wilderspin, Edwin Nkansah, Giovanna Zinzalla, F. Anne Stephenson, David E. Thurston
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract STAT3 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) is a homodimeric transcription factor that binds to the response element of a number of genes that promote tumorigenesis when over-expressed. Tumorigenesis, in many cases, correlates with an aberrant signalling cascade that leads to uncontrolled activation of STAT3. Activation is widely understood to be a result of phosphorylation at tyrosine 705 which leads to dimerisation and DNA binding. We have investigated the dimerisation and DNA binding of STAT3βtc in an isolated cell-free system in order to understand the conditions which modulate these interactions, and to facilitate the discovery of small molecules capable of interfering with these interactions. We designed a GFP-STAT3βtc construct in which the N-terminal 126 amino acids of STAT3 were replaced with spectral variants of the GFP (green fluorescent protein) to act as a reporter. The constructs also lacked the unstructured C-terminal activation domain of STAT3 to avoid aggregation of the purified protein. Phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated GFP-STAT3βtc proteins were purified from BL21(DE3)TKB1 and Rosetta strains of E. Coli, respectively. Soluble expression was observed when tagged with GFP at the N-terminus but not the C-terminus. Using both conventional ELISA and fluorescence-based microtiter plate assays, we demonstrated that both active (phosphorylated) and inactive (non-phosphorylated) fluorescent STAT3βtc can bind to immobilised dsDNA (M67; a modified c-fos sis inducible enhancer) or an immobilised surrogate receptor (a phosphotyrosyl peptide derived from the interleukin-6 receptor subunit gp130), respectively. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate disruption of a pre-formed non-phosphorylated GFP-STAT3βtc/DNA complex with a phosphotyrosyl peptide at an IC50 of 30 µM. In contrast, 500 µM peptide appeared to have no effect on phosphorylated GFP-STAT3βtc bound to M67. In summary, we have developed an EMSA assay for the STAT3/STAT3 transcription factor based on a protein mobility shift rather than a DNA mobility shift, and which utilizes fluorescent tagged STATs. Both non-phosphorylated and phosphorylated fluorescent STAT3 proteins form a stable complex with M67 DNA, but only the non-phosphorylated STAT3/DNA complex can be disrupted with a phosphotyrosyl peptide in the EMSA assay. This assay is now being utilized for the discovery of novel small molecule inhibitors of the STAT3/STAT3 interaction. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 279. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-279
Abstract 143: Global DNA methylation level in whole blood and risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Hee Nam Kim, Huong Thi Thanh Tran, Yu Li, Nan young Kim, Il-Kwon Lee, Yeo-Kyeoung Kim, Deok-Hwan Yang, Je-Jung Lee, Min–Ho Shin, Kyeong-Soo Park, Ik-Joo Chung, Sang-Hee Cho, Jin-Su Choi, Hyeoung-Joon Hyeoung-Joon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Global DNA hypomethylation may result in chromosomal instability and cancer risk. This study was performed to determine the association between DNA hypomethylation in derived from whole blood and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. We analyzed DNA of 506 NHL and 1680 control subjects at Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Korea. Global DNA methylation levels were assessed using bisulfited-PCR pyrosequencing of long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1). All participants were subsequently categorized into quartiles by mean % in control. When the highest quartile was considered as a reference category (Q4), the following adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were observed for decreasing methylation quartiles OR(Q3)=2.36 (95% CI:1.40-3.97); OR(Q2)=4.67 (95% CI: 2.89-7.55) and OR(Q1)=17.56 (11.19-27.56). This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first study to show that global DNA hypomethylation was significantly associated with increased for NHL risk in a large case-control study. These findings suggest that global methylation levels in genomic DNA may be play important role in the NHL risk. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 143.
Infections in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Nirmal Joshi, Gregory M. Caputo, Michael R. Weitekamp, A.W. Karchmer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Contrary to common belief, the association between diabetes mellitus and increased susceptibility to infection in general is not supported by strong evidence.1,2 However, many specific infections are more common in diabetic patients, and some occur almost exclusively in them. Other infections occur with increased severity and are associated with an increased risk of complications in patients with diabetes.Several aspects of immunity are altered in patients with diabetes. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte function is depressed, particularly when acidosis is also present. Leukocyte adherence, chemotaxis, and phagocytosis may be affected.35 Antioxidant systems involved in bactericidal activity may also be impaired.6 The . . .
Abstract 449: Detection of some selected tumor markers in people from River Nile State - Sudan
Authors: Eltayeb A. Ali, Osman Mahgoub Hassan, Mohamed Abdallah Ahmed
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract This study was designed to use some selected tumor markers (TMs) as screening tool to discover new cancer cases, and to use these TMs as diagnostic tool for early detection of cancer. The study area is the River Nile State with an area of 122100 Km2 and population of 1026000 persons. The national cancer control program was initiated in 1982 with WHO help, and updated in the early 1990s based on the new WHO guidelines. In 2010 the National Cancer Registry was established but still more efforts are needed to register all cancer cases in such a poor country like Sudan. According to Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) 2008 data; cancer was ranked as the fourth cause of death in hospitals. Five hundred and ten blood samples were collected from healthy people living in River Nile State; 305 samples were males. (PSA) was measured in all males, (CA125) was used for ovarian cancer in females, (CA15-3) was used for breast cancer in females, and (CEA) Carcino Embryonic Antigen was used for colon cancer in both genders. Samples were measured using RIA technique. Written consent was obtained from all volunteers. There was an elevation in blood level of CEA in 26 samples (6.37%), two of them died during the study, 7 (2.29%) males had PSA concentrations above the upper limit, 5 (2.45%) females showed high CA15-3 concentrations, and increase in CA125 in 6 samples (2.94%). Out of the 510 subjects there were 56 samples (10.98%) had family history with cancer, and only 6 of them (10.71%) showed elevated concentrations. Most of these people are very poor and hospitals are not accessible and the diagnosis and treatment services are not affordable. Table 1 shows the concentrations for the selected TMs.The FMOH documented in 2007 that more than 345 cancer patients came from River Nile State, more cases were reported in other studies e.g. 2899 cancer incidences in Northern Sudan in 2006. In the present study, (8.63%) of the studied population showed elevated concentrations of the selected TMs. Table 1: TMs concentrations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 449. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-449
Spontaneous Dissection of the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries
Authors: W I Schievink
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

When a tear occurs in one of the major arteries in the neck and allows blood to enter the wall of the artery and split its layers, the result is either stenosis or aneurysmal dilatation of the vessel. This process was long thought to be a rare cause of stroke, particularly in the absence of trauma, and the diagnosis was usually not made until the postmortem examination.13 It was not until the late 1970s, when Fisher et al.1 and Mokri et al.2 described dissections of carotid and vertebral arteries as detected by modern diagnostic approaches, that dissections began to . . .
EFICACIA A LARGO PLAZO DEL DRENAJE DE COLECCIONES LÍQUIDAS PANCREÁTICAS CON PRÓTESIS PLÁSTICAS ¿ES NECESARIO EL METAL?
Authors: E Redondo-Cerezo, JG Martinez-Cara, E Lopez-Gonzalez, GM Maria Del Carmen, JL Ariza, M Ubeda, M Lopez De Hierro, J De Teresa
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La fenestración por vía endoscópica de grandes pseudoquistes pancreáticos al tubo digestivo es el actual tratamiento de elección cuando es posible realizarlo.