tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 3-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Michael N. Margolies, Carolyn C. Compton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 23-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and vomiting.He was well until approximately two months earlier, when he began to experience crampy pain in the left upper part of the abdomen; the pain was often present on awakening and seemed to be relieved after the ingestion of food or antacid medication. Two weeks before admission the pain became more severe; the patient was evaluated at an emergency facility, where an x-ray film of the abdomen showed considerable fecal material and a diagnosis of constipation was offered.One week before entry the . . .
Activity and safety of brigatinib (BRG) in patients (pts) with ALK+ non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Phase (ph) 1/2 trial results.
Authors: Corey J. Langer, Scott N. Gettinger, Lyudmila Bazhenova, Ravi Salgia, Kathryn A. Gold, Rafael Rosell, Alice Tsang Shaw, Glen J. Weiss, David J. Dorer, Victor M. Rivera, Frank G. Haluska, David Kerstein, D. Ross Camidge
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

9057 Background: BRG, an investigational oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has preclinical activity against ALK-rearranged NSCLC and mutants resistant to crizotinib (CRZ). Methods: Pts with advanced malignancies, including ALK+ NSCLC, received oral BRG (30–300 mg total daily) in an ongoing ph 1/2, single-arm, open-label, multicenter trial (NCT01449461). Activity (by RECIST v1.1) and safety are reported in ALK+ NSCLC pts and all treated pts, respectively. Results: 137 pts were enrolled. Among 79 ALK+ NSCLC pts, median age was 54 y, 49% were female, and 90% received prior CRZ. As of 15 Jun 2015, 39/79 (49%) ALK+ NSCLC pts remained on study; median duration of treatment was 15.4 mo (1 d–39.4 mo). Among ALK+ NSCLC pts with prior CRZ exposure, the objective response rate (ORR) was 72% (95% CI 60–82%; 51/71, including 44 confirmed responses); for CRZ-treated pts who received dosing regimens explored in ph 2, 90 mg qd, 90 mg qd for 7 d followed by 180 mg qd (90→180 mg qd), and 180 mg total daily, the ORR was 77% (95% CI 46–95%; 10/13, including 7 confirmed responses), 80% (95% CI 59–93%; 20/25, including 19 confirmed responses), and 65% (95% CI 43–84%; 15/23, including 14 confirmed responses), respectively. Median duration of response and median PFS were 11.2 mo (95% CI 7.8 to not reached [NR]) and 13.2 mo (95% CI 9.2–NR), respectively. All 8 CRZ-naive pts had confirmed objective responses, including 3 complete responses; median PFS was NR. In a post hoc assessment of ALK+ NSCLC pts with brain metastases at baseline, as of 9 Feb 2015, 8/15 (53%; 95% CI 27–79%) with measurable lesions ( ≥ 10 mm) had intracranial objective responses. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in ≥ 30% of all pts (generally grade 1/2): nausea 53%; fatigue 43%; diarrhea 41%; headache 33%; cough 31%. Serious TEAEs (any cause) in ≥ 2% of all pts: dyspnea 7%; pneumonia 7%; hypoxia 5%; pulmonary embolism 3%; pyrexia 2%. Of 137 pts, 13 (9%) discontinued due to an AE. Conclusions: BRG yielded substantial antitumor activity in ALK+ NSCLC pts both systemically and in brain metastases and had an acceptable safety profile in this population. A pivotal, randomized, ph 2 trial of BRG in CRZ-resistant ALK+ NSCLC (ALTA) evaluating 90 mg qd vs 90→180 mg qd is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT01449461.
Germline RBBP6 Mutations In Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Roberto Giambruno, Christian Krendl, Alexey Stukalov, Thorsten Klampfl, Tiina Berg, Jelena D. Milosevic, Doris Chen, Bettina Gisslinger, Heinz Gisslinger, Elisa Rumi, Francesco Passamonti, Daniela Pietra, Andre Mueller, Katja Parapatics, Florian P Breitwieser, Richard Herrmann, Frcpa, Jacques Colinge, Keiryn L Bennett, Giulio Superti-Furga, Mario Cazzola, Emma Hammond, Robert Kralovics
Journal: Blood (2013)
Depression, Mental Distress, and Domestic Conflict among Louisiana Women Exposed to the <i>Deepwater Horizon</i> Oil Spill in the WaTCH Study
Authors: Ariane L. Rung, Symielle Gaston, Evrim Oral, William T. Robinson, Elizabeth Fontham, Daniel J. Harrington, Edward Trapido, Edward S. Peters
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Psychological sequelae are among the most pronounced effects in populations following exposure to oil spills. Women in particular represent a vulnerable yet influential population but have remained relatively understudied with respect to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill (DHOS).To describe the relationship between oil spill exposure and mental health among women living in the southern coastal Louisiana parishes affected by the DHOS.The Women and Their Children's Health Study administered telephone interviews to a population-based sample of 2,842 women between 2012 and 2014 following the DHOS. Participants were asked about depression, mental distress, domestic conflict, and exposure to the oil spill.Over 28% of the sample reported symptoms of depression, 13% reported severe mental distress, 16% reported an increase in the number of fights with their partners, and 11% reported an increase in the intensity of partner fights. Both economic and physical exposure were significantly associated with depressive symptoms and domestic conflict, whereas only physical exposure was related to mental distress.This large, population-based study of women in southern coastal Louisiana, a particularly disaster-prone area of the country, revealed high rates of poor mental health outcomes. Reported exposure to the DHOS was a significant predictor of these outcomes, suggesting avenues for future disaster mitigation through the provision of mental health services.Rung AL, Gaston S, Oral E, Robinson WT, Fontham E, Harrington DJ, Trapido E, Peters ES. 2016. Depression, mental distress, and domestic conflict among Louisiana women exposed to the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the WaTCH Study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1429-1435; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP167.
Case 21-1965
Authors: Richard A. Field, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Presentation of CaseA fifty-four-year-old woman was referred to the hospital because of renal disease.During the ten years before admission blanching and numbness of the fingers and toes occurred periodically on exposure to cold. Nine years before entry urticarial lesions appeared over the face and upper trunk on one occasion after the ingestion of pea soup. She remained well until seven months before admission, when tenderness and swelling developed in the proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands, the metacarpophalangeal joints and the wrists. At that time the blood pressure was normal, urinalysis revealed a few red cells, and the . . .
Recovery from rabies, a universally fatal disease
Authors: S. Manoj, A. Mukherjee, S. Johri, K. V. S. Hari Kumar
Journal: Military Medical Research (2016)

Rabies is a zoonosis transmitted via the bites of various mammals, primarily dogs and bats. Known since antiquity, this disease may have the deadliest human fatality rates and is responsible for approximately 65,000 deaths worldwide per year.We report the case details of a 13-year-old boy from India belonging to a South Asian ethnicity, who presented with altered sensorium one month following a dog bite. He did not receive the active rabies immunization and was managed with supportive therapy. The patient had extensive T2W (T2 weighted)/fluid attenuation and inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyper intensities involving the deep gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres, hippocampus, brainstem, and cerebellum. The diagnosis was confirmed by the demonstration of the rabies antigen from a nuchal skin biopsy and a corneal smear. The patient had a slow but significant recovery over four months and was discharged from the hospital in stable condition with severe neurological sequelae.We report a unique case of survival after infection with a universally fatal disease.
Corrosion behaviours of the dental magnetic keeper complexes made by different alloys and methods
Authors: Min-Ke Wu, Ning Song, Fei Liu, Liang Kou, Xiao-Wen Lu, Min Wang, Hang Wang, Jie-Fei Shen
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2016)

The keeper and cast dowel–coping, as a primary component for a magnetic attachment, is easily subjected to corrosion in a wet environment, such as the oral cavity, which contains electrolyte-rich saliva, complex microflora and chewing behaviour and so on. The objective of this in vitro study was to examine the corrosion resistance of a dowel and coping-keeper complex fabricated by finish keeper and three alloys (cobalt–chromium, CoCr; silver–palladium–gold, PdAu; gold–platinum, AuPt) using a laser-welding process and a casting technique. The surface morphology characteristics and microstructures of the samples were examined by means of metallographic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) with SEM provided elements analysis information for the test samples after 10% oxalic acid solution etching test. Tafel polarization curve recordings demonstrated parameter values indicating corrosion of the samples when subjected to electrochemical testing. This study has suggested that massive oxides are attached to the surface of the CoCr–keeper complex but not to the AuPt–keeper complex. Only the keeper area of cast CoCr–keeper complex displayed obvious intergranular corrosion and changes in the Fe and Co elements. Both cast and laser-welded AuPt–keeper complexes had the highest free corrosion potential, followed by the PdAu–keeper complex. We concluded that although the corrosion resistance of the CoCr–keeper complex was worst, the keeper surface passive film was actually preserved to its maximum extent. The laser-welded CoCr– and PdAu–keeper complexes possessed superior corrosion resistance as compared with their cast specimens, but no significant difference was found between the cast and laser-welded AuPt–keeper complexes. The Fe-poor and Cr-rich band, appearing on the edge of the keeper when casting, has been proven to be a corrosion-prone area. Silver-palladium-gold and gold-platinium alloys used as magnets for dental prostheses resist corrosion more than cobalt-chromium alloys. In removable prostheses, such magnets are attracted to a keeper, which is placed either on a treated root or a metal framework fixed in the mouth, enabling the prostheses to remain fixed. In the oral environment, the function of these attachment systems declines due to corrosion. Jie-Fei Shen at Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, and colleagues compared the corrosion resistance of three alloys and two common methods (casting or laser-welding) for fabricating the alloy-keeper complex. Microscopy revealed the structure of the corroded surfaces, indicating that the cobalt-chromium alloy is more prone to corrosion than the other alloys tested. The laser-welded cobalt-chromium and silver-palladium-gold alloys were shown to be more resistant to corrosion than equivalent samples made by the casting technique.
Utilizing cost aversion in a business case to justify palliative care programs in for-profit community hospitals
Authors: P. H. Stanfill-Edens, C. Harvey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8084 Background: No specific reimbursement exists for Palliative Care Programs (PCP) in hospitals and hospital administrators are not supportive of program development where no dedicated reimbursement exists. We developed a cost aversion financial model to quantify benefits of PCPs to counter the lack of reimbursement argument within a for-profit hospital company. Methods: Utilizing literature, clinical and administrative assessments, chart and patient bill audits, and consensus development of a Palliative Program Toolkit, a program was defined to reduce cost and enhance end-of-life care. Three pilot studies were initiated in for-profit hospitals to develop cost data to build a business case. Results: Retrospective chart audits of patient deaths in a 4-month period, excluding sudden death, were conducted. Audits showed 87% of deaths were in patients over 60; 41% were over the age of 80; 46% had cardiopulmonary diagnoses, 14% cancer, 12% neurological and 10% infections/sepsis. Annualized, these patients had 711 admissions, 6633 patient days, an average length of stay of 9.329 days with 62% of patient days in critical care. Financial analysis of cost of care less reimbursement demonstrated a loss on average of $1 million per facility. Data validated moving a patient from a critical care bed to a non-critical care bed averts approximately $700 per day in cost, DNR status averts $5000 in cost, and appropriate resource utilization results in less drug, supply and ancillary expense. Preliminary data and Toolkits were sent to 200 facilities before the pilots were completed, and 40 facilities initiated programs immediately. Conclusions: Providing a Palliative Care Program enhances quality, transitions patients to a more appropriate care setting, decreases expensive resource utilization and, while not providing a new revenue source, can still avert sufficient cost to justify expenses. The Toolkit was validated by requests from the Center to Advance Palliative Care and the National Coalition on Cancer Survivorship to utilize its content. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Employed by HCA HCA HCA as employee
DSM-III personality disorders and the outcome of treated panic disorder
Authors: J H Reich
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Fifty-two patients with panic disorder who had been receiving active benzodiazepine treatment for 8 weeks were assessed by using the outcome measures of spontaneous and situational panic attacks, scores on the Hamilton scales for anxiety and for depression, and scores on self-rated disability scales. Although spontaneous panic attacks were not affected by the presence of any personality disorder, the remaining outcome measures showed a strong and negative association with DSM-III antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders. There was also a mild negative association with avoidant personality disorder. A subgroup of patients with both major depression and panic disorder appeared more strongly affected.
Psychometric assessment of first-degree relatives of 62 autistic probands in Utah
Authors: B J Freeman, E R Ritvo, A Mason-Brothers, C Pingree, A Yokota, W R Jenson, W M McMahon, P B Petersen, A Mo, P Schroth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The Wechsler Intelligence Scales, Wide Range Achievement Test, and the Shipley-Hartford Test were administered to 122 parents and 153 siblings of 62 autistic probands in Utah. Scores were distributed as expected within the published normative ranges for each scale. Parents' scores correlated with those of their nonautistic children, but neither parents' nor siblings' scores correlated with the IQ level of the autistic probands. These results do not confirm prior reports from England and the United States of a high rate of cognitive and learning problems in the siblings of autistic individuals, nor the aggregation of such problems in the siblings of probands with high or low levels of cognitive function.
Further Characterization of Drug-Sensitivity and Cross-Resistance Profiles of Cloned Cell Lines of Adriamycin®-Sensitive and -Resistant P388 Leukemia
Authors: C Seneviratne, G J Goldenberg
Journal: Cancer Communications (1989)

The drug-sensitivity and cross-resistance profiles of cloned cell lines of Adriamycin-sensitive and -resistant P388 murine leukemia have been further characterized. A range of drug sensitivity that was more than 50,000-fold was observed for Adriamycin-sensitive cells; the most potent cytotoxic agent was the Adriamycin analog, 3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)-3'-deamino adriamycin, and the least active compound was vinblastine. Adriamycin-resistant cells, which express the multidrug resistance phenotype, were cross-resistant to the DNA topoisomerase II interactive drugs: actinomycin D, daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, etoposide, and 4'-(9-acridinyl-amino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide, to the vinca alkaloids: vincristine and vinblastine, and to colchicine but not to the Adriamycin analog, 3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)-3'-deamino adriamycin or the alkylating agent, melphalan. These findings are consistent with other studies suggesting that 3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)-3'-deamino adriamycin acts as an alkylating agent. Studies with DNA topoisomerase II interactive agents, including mitoxantrone, the DNA intercalator, and etoposide, the epipodophyllotoxin, showed that, as with Adriamycin, cytotoxicity correlated closely with the formation of DNA double-strand breaks.
Past substance abuse and clinical course of schizophrenia
Authors: S Zisook, R Heaton, J Moranville, J Kuck, T Jernigan, D Braff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

To evaluate the effects of previous alcohol and drug use on the course and symptoms of schizophrenia, the authors compared 34 patients with schizophrenia who had histories of substance abuse with 17 patients with schizophrenia who were lifelong abstainers. Surprisingly, they did not find that individuals with past histories of abuse were more impaired or had more symptoms.
Defining a standard set of patient-centred outcomes for lung cancer
Authors: Kimberley S. Mak, Annelotte C.M. van Bommel, Caleb Stowell, Janet L. Abrahm, Matthew Baker, Clarissa S. Baldotto, David R. Baldwin, Diana Borthwick, David P. Carbone, Aileen B. Chen, Jesme Fox, Tom Haswell, Marianna Koczywas, Benjamin D. Kozower, Reza J. Mehran, Franz M. Schramel, Suresh Senan, Robert G. Stirling, Jan P. van Meerbeeck, Michel W.J.M. Wouters, Michael D. Peake
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

In lung cancer, outcome measurement has been mostly limited to survival. Proper assessment of the value of lung cancer treatments, and the performance of institutions delivering care, requires more comprehensive measurement of standardised outcomes.The International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement convened an international, multidisciplinary working group of patient representatives, medical oncologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, pulmonologists, palliative care specialists, registry experts and specialist nurses to review existing data and practices. Using a modified Delphi method, the group developed a consensus recommendation ("the set") on the outcomes most essential to track for patients with lung cancer, along with baseline demographic, clinical and tumour characteristics (case-mix variables) for risk adjustment.The set applies to patients diagnosed with nonsmall cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Our working group recommends the collection of the following outcomes: survival, complications during or within 6 months of treatment and patient-reported domains of health-related quality of life including pain, fatigue, cough and dyspnoea. Case-mix variables were defined to improve interpretation of comparisons.We defined an international consensus recommendation of the most important outcomes for lung cancer patients, along with relevant case-mix variables, and are working to support adoption and reporting of these measures globally.
Registers in general practice give cumulative rather than point prevalence
Authors: A. Livingstone
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—In a way I am relieved that David P Strachan and colleagues found a 43% cumulative incidence of reported asthma and wheeze by age 33 in their analysis of the 1958 cohort of the British national child development study.1 This is in addition to the reported prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of around 30% found in adults in a screening study in general practice …
Epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA expression in circulating tumor cells as a potential mechanism of molecular escape from regorafenib therapy.
Authors: Satoshi Matsusaka, Yan Ning, Dongyun Yang, Wu Zhang, Diana L. Hanna, Shu Cao, Mitsukuni Suenaga, Satoshi Okazaki, Martin D. Berger, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

11517 Background: Regorafenib is approved for the treatment of refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the molecular mechanisms of inherited or acquired resistance to regorafenib are not well understood. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been shown to be a poor prognostic marker for mCRC patients. We tested whether CTC enumeration and molecular characterization with mRNA levels of EGFR, EpCAM, CEA, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers will predict outcome and identify molecular escape mechanisms in patients undergoing regorafenib therapy. Methods: A total of 50 patients [male/female; 22/28, median age; 69, median follow-up; 180 days, PR/SD/PD/NE; 1/17/26/6, median progression-free survival (PFS); 69 days, median overall survival (OS); 192 days] with refractory mCRC were enrolled. CTC enumeration was performed at baseline, day21 after initiation of regorafenib, and at the time of treatment intolerance or progression of disease (PD) using the CellSearch System. Poly(A) mRNA was extracted from CTCs. CTC gene expression of EGFR, EpCAM, CEA, and EMT markers (PI3K-α, Akt-2, and TWIST1) was analyzed by a multiplex-PCR based DNA Chip. Results: Patients with < 3 CTCs at baseline and day21 had better outcomes than those with ≥ 3 CTCs (PFS: p = 0.039 and p = 0.032; OS: p < 0.001 and p = 0.007, respectively). Regorafenib treatment significantly increased EGFR expression at PD compared to baseline (p < 0.001). In 64% patients, CTC EGFR gene expression was up-regulated at day 21 (p = 0.004, McNemar's Test) and/or PD (p = 0.011 McNemar's Test). Conclusions: Our study is the first to demonstrate that CTC measurement and characterization may be a useful surrogate for regorafenib efficacy. Furthermore, induced CTC EGFR expression may be a molecular escape mechanism. Therefore, combining regorafenib with anti-EGFR mAbs may have synergistic therapeutic effects.
T cells expressing an anti–B-cell maturation antigen chimeric antigen receptor cause remissions of multiple myeloma
Authors: Syed Abbas Ali, Victoria Shi, Irina Maric, Michael Wang, David F. Stroncek, Jeremy J. Rose, Jennifer N. Brudno, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Steven A. Feldman, Brenna G. Hansen, Vicki S. Fellowes, Frances T. Hakim, Ronald E. Gress, James N. Kochenderfer
Journal: Blood (2016)
Teaching as an exaptation
Authors: Paul E. Smaldino, Emily K. Newton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

We appreciate and endorse Kline's ethological taxonomy and its application. However, the definition of teaching she presents is problematic, as it replaces mentalistic intent with intention on the part of natural selection. We discuss problems with the strict adaptationist view and suggest instead that the five forms of teaching presented in the taxonomy may constitute exaptations rather than adaptations.