tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PWE-258 Thiopurine monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease patients at a district general hospital
Authors: T Jowitt, C Bowman, M Ahmed, S Singh, C H Lim
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Thiopurines are an unlicensed but recognised therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). These drugs interfere with cell signalling and have significant side effects including leucopaenia, pancreatitis and hepatotoxicity. Therefore routine monitoring of blood is mandatory. Our Trust has guidelines (based on BSG guidelines) for the monitoring of Thiopurine therapy. Patients are monitored by a IBD Nurse specialist using a simple electronic database. <h3>Methods</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To determine the effectiveness of the IBD Nurse database in ensuring that patients on Thiopurines are monitored according to Trust guidelines. A total of 900 patients with IBD attend our gastroenterology clinics. Of these 204 are on Thiopurines. Trust guidelines recommends weekly blood test monitoring for the first month starting Thiopurines. This is followed by monthly for the next 3 months and every 3 months subsequently. Patients latest blood results were collected over a two consecutive days in July 2011 for 204 patients. Patients more than 7 days late for blood tests were considered non-compliance with the guideline. <h3>Results</h3> 182 (89%) patients were having their bloods monitored as per trust guidelines. However 22 patients (11%) were being monitored incorrectly, with a median of 68.5 (32.25–269.25) days overdue. 16 of these patients have a diagnosis of Crohn9s Disease, the remaining six have Ulcerative Colitis. 14 (7%) patients had either deranged liver function tests or were neutropaenic. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The current manual database is reliable as the majority of thiopurines patients were being monitored as per hospital guideline. However, 7% of abnormal blood results may not be recognised promptly and no action was taken. An automated database with automated reminder to patients who passed their blood test due date and electronic notice to the doctor responsible for the patient is needed to reduce the potential risk of harm to the patients. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Anon</b>. Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. <i>Gut</i> 2011;<b>60</b>:571–607.
A novel approach to esophageal stent removal in the setting of proximal stenosis and failure of the primary retrieval mechanism
Authors: Jochen Weigt, Neven Barsic, Peter Malfertheiner
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 75-year-old woman was admitted for the extraction of an esophageal fully covered metal stent (upper esophageal sphincter stent [80 × 20 mm]; Leufen Medical, Berlin, Germany). The stent had been implanted 5 weeks earlier to treat an esophageal perforation sustained during bougienage of a benign proximal esophageal stenosis.
No Easy Answers For Sufficient Third-Party Coverage Of Clinical Trials Expenses
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

No Easy Answers For Sufficient Third-Party Coverage Of Clinical Trials Expenses Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 10, 20 July 1988, Pages 714–715, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.10.714 Published: 20 July 1988
Abstract SY11-03: Sirt1 transgenic and cancer models
Authors: Manuel Serrano
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Sir2 is an evolutionary conserved protein deacetylase that in lower organisms has been shown to extend the lifespan when overexpressed and to mediate the effects of calorie restriction. In mammals, the situation is more complex due to the existence of seven Sir2 family members, Sirt1 being the closest mammalian homologue of Sir2. We have generated transgenic mice moderately overexpressing (2-3 fold) Sirt1 under its own regulatory elements (Sirt1-tg mice) to study its effect on mammalian metabolism, cancer and aging. We have found that Sirt1-tg mice are protected from the metabolic damage associated to high dietary fat intake due to a decreased inflammatory response[1]. Moreover, and contrary to what may have been expected, Sirt1-tg mice do not live longer, but they preserve a better health at old ages according to a variety of physiological indicators[2]. Regarding cancer, Sirt1 role is controversial, yet all the in vivo studies published so far support a tumor suppressor role for Sirt1. In our Sirt1-tg mice we have found that Sirt1 is able to protect from aging-associated spontaneous cancer development, as well as, from metabolic syndrome-associated liver cancer [2], and our results indicate that this beneficial effect of Sirt1 is due to its impact both on metabolism [1,2] and genomic integrity [2]. On the other hand, different genetic crosses of Sirt1-tg mice are helping us to further refine Sirt1 roles in cancer. Thus, we have found scenarios in which Sirt1 overexpression is able to accelerate tumorigenesis in certain tissues, which also show higher Sirt1 expression in human tumors, and this constitutes the first in vivo demonstration of an oncogenic role for Sirt1. I will present the latest data on Sirt1 and cancer, which suggest that Sirt1 plays a highly complex and tissue-specific role. References: 1. Pfluger, P.T., Herranz, D., et al., (2008). Sirt1 protects against high-fat diet-induced metabolic damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105, 9793-9798. 2. Herranz, D. et al., (2010). Sirt1 improves healthy ageing and protects from metabolic syndrome-associated cancer. Nat Commun 1:3, doi: 10.1038/ncomms1001 Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY11-03. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-SY11-03
Abstract 1263: Affinity-based proteomics reveal cancer-specific networks coordinated by Hsp90
Authors: Erica M. Gomes-DaGama, Kamalika Moulick, James H. Ahn, Hongliang Zong, Anna Rodina, Leandro Cerchietti, Maria E. Caldas Lopes-Vazquez, Kristin Beebe, Fabiana Perna, Chatzi Katerina, Ly P. Vu, Xinyang Zhao, Danuta Zatorska, Tony Taldone, Peter Smith-Jones, Mary Alpaugh, Steven S. Gross, Nagavarakishore Pillarsetty, Thomas Ku, Jason S. Lewis, Steven M. Larson, Levine Ross, Hediye Erdjument-Bromage, Monica L. Guzman, Stephen D. Nimer, Ari M. Melnick, Len Neckers, Gabriela Chiosis
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Most cancers are characterized by multiple molecular alterations, but identification of the key proteins involved in these signaling pathways is currently beyond reach. We show that the inhibitor PU-H71 preferentially targets tumor-enriched Hsp90 complexes and affinity captures Hsp90-dependent oncogenic client proteins. We have used PU-H71 affinity capture to design a proteomic approach that, when combined with bioinformatic pathway analysis, identifies dysregulated signaling networks and key oncoproteins in chronic myeloid leukemia. The identified interactome overlaps with the well-characterized altered proteome in this cancer, indicating that this method can provide global insights into the biology of individual tumors, including primary patient specimens. In addition, we show that this approach can be used to identify previously uncharacterized oncoproteins and mechanisms, potentially leading to new targeted therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1263. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1263
Prednisone in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Abraham Cohen, Richard Turner, Richard Dunsmore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE new adrenocortical steroid prednisone1 was used in the treatment of 33 patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Prednisone and the related steroid prednisolone have been shown to possess a high degree of adrenocortical activity2 and to be highly effective clinically as antirheumatic and inflammatory agents.3 4 5 So far, in addition to rheumatoid arthritis and allied conditions, certain allergic disorders,6 bronchial asthma6 7 8 9 and pemphigus vulgaris10 have been reported to respond. Bunim et al.,11 studying the metabolic effects of prednisone and prednisolone, observed no retention of sodium or increased loss of potassium as a result of their administration. Although the drugs are three or . . .
Suppression of Anti-Interferon -2a Antibody Formation in Patients With Mycosis Fungoides by Exposure to Long-Wave UV Radiation in the A Range and Methoxsalen Ingestion
Authors: T. M. Kuzel, H. H. Roenigk, E. Samuelson, S. T. Rosen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Suppression of Anti-Interferon α-2a Antibody Formation in Patients With Mycosis Fungoides by Exposure to Long-Wave UV Radiation in the A Range and Methoxsalen Ingestion Get access Timothy M. Kuzel, Timothy M. Kuzel * Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School and Cancer Center and the Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical CenterChicago, III *Correspondence to : Timothy M. Kuzel, M.D., Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, 303 E. Chicago Ave., Rm. 8524 Olson Pavillion, Chicago, IL 60611. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Henry H. Roenigk, Jr., Henry H. Roenigk, Jr. Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Medical School and Cancer Center and the Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical CenterChicago, III Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ellen Samuelson, Ellen Samuelson Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School and Cancer Center and the Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical CenterChicago, III Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Steven T. Rosen Steven T. Rosen Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Medical School and Cancer Center and the Veterans Administration Lakeside Medical CenterChicago, III Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 2, 15 January 1992, Pages 119–121, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.2.119 Published: 15 January 1992 Article history Received: 02 August 1991 Revision received: 29 October 1991 Accepted: 07 November 1991 Published: 15 January 1992
Abstract LB-253: Mesenchymal stem cells of fallopian tube cancers are specifically attracted by mature ovulating follicles: implication of fallopian tube origin of serous ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Ching-Hua Yeh, Shih-Rung Lin, Tang-Yuan Chu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Recent studies of surgical specimens resected from carriers of breast ovarian cancer syndrome have suggested a fallopian tube origin of serous carcinoma of the ovary. We tested the following hypothesis: Cancer initiating cells arising from fallopian tube home to ovulation wound via chemotaxis of follicular fluid. Materials and Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells from fallopian tube cancers (FTC-MSC) and normal fallopian tubes (FT-MSC) were respectively culture-isolated from two patients with FIGO stage 3C serous adenocarcinoma of fallopian tube and three patients with uterine myoma. Tissues were digested with collagenase type I and dispase and cells were grown in anti-oxidant DMEM medium containing 5% fetal bovine serum. Characteristics of stem cells including cell surface markers, colony formation, trans-differentiation and hTERT expression were analyzed. Follicular fluids and cells were procured and cultured from ovulating women receiving in-vitro fertilization program. Chemotaxis and cell migration activities were studied by trans-well migration assay and wound healing assay. Results: The isolated FTC-MSC had a doubling time of around 25h and gave a typical mesenchymal stem cell phenotypes with anchorage independent growth, lack of gap junction communication, positive for CD24, CD44, CD133, CD29, CD90, CD56, CD117 and CD146, negative for CD 34 and CD45, and had high hTERT expression. Capabilities of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and chemo-resistence paclitaxol and cisplatin were evident. FTC-MSC but not FT-MSC highly responded to mature, ovulating follicular fluid, and to condition media of cultured follicular cells or ovarian stromas, and much less to those derived from immature follicles, and to conditional media of endometrial, cervical and peritoneal cells in culture. Conclusions: The highly specific chmotaxic effect of mature, ovulating follicles to FTC-MSC supports the hypothesis of fallopian tube origin of serous ovarian carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-253.
US medical schools protest against subpoenas requesting names of fetal researchers
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Three associations representing universities, medical schools, and teaching hospitals in the United States have expressed “significant concern” over subpoenas issued by a congressional panel that requested the identities of scientists, students, and other staff working on research involving human fetal tissue.

The 31 March letter—signed by the presidents of the Association of American Medical Colleges, Association of American Universities, and the Association of Public and Land-grant Universities—said that their member institutions were “very concerned for the safety of their scientists, physicians, staff, students, and patients, particularly in light of the heated debate surrounding the issue of fetal tissue research.”

“Initial requests sent to our member institutions failed to articulate why …
AB0821-HPR Participation in cancer screening programmes among females with inflammatory arthritis
Authors: H. Reynolds, G. Byrne, N. Harrington, M. McGovern, B. McGowan, C. Silke, B. Whelan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) or other autoimmune diseases are at higher risk of developing certain malignancies compared with the general population(1). The National Cancer Screening Service currently encompasses Breast Check and Cervical Check. Breast Check provides women aged 50-64 years with a free mammogram every two years. Cervical Check provides free smear tests every three years to women aged 25-44 years and every five years to women aged 45-60 years. Cancer screening has the capacity to reduce morbidity and mortality from disease(2). <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate participation in the National Cancer Screening Programmes among females with Inflammatory Arthritis attending the North Western Rheumatology Clinic in relation to 1) Breast Cancer Screening and 2) Cervical Cancer Screening <h3>Methods</h3> Data was collected on 42 patients during routine nurse-led clinic reviews over a 6 week period in May/June 2012. Inclusion criteria were females aged 25-64 years with inflammatory arthritis. Data gathered included: 1) Patients’ knowledge of breast cancer awareness. 2) Attendence for mammogram/cervical smear tests. 3) Registration with Breast Check/Cervical Check. <h3>Results</h3> <b>1) Breast Cancer screening</b>: From a total of 42 patients, 34(81%) were breast aware and 8(19%) were not. Within this group 28(66%) of the patients were aged between 50-64 years and thus eligible for Breast Check. In total 25(89%) of the eligible patients had a previous mammogram. Ten of the eligible patients (40%) had their mammogram performed within the recommended two years whereas 15(60%) of the patients were outside this recommended time frame. <b>2) Cervical Cancer Screening:</b> Thirty two patients were aged between 25-60 years and therefore eligible for Cervical Check. A total of 27 patients (87%) had their smear test performed within the recommended timeframe. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study reflects good adherence to current cancer screening recommendations. However it would be beneficial for Clinical Nurse Specialists to promote ongoing cancer screening in their health promotion review to ensure maximum utilisation of such programmes. <h3>References</h3> Ekstrom, K. <i>et al.</i> (2003) Risk of malignant lymphomas in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and in their first-degree relatives. <i>Arthritis Rheum.</i> 48, 963-970. Brouwers, MC. <i>et al.</i> (2011) Effective interventions to facilitate the uptake of breast, cervical and colorectal cancer screening: an implementation guideline. <i>Implementation Science.</i> 6(1):112 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
FEASIBILITY AND RELATIVE ACCURACY OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTING OF NORMAL AND PATHOLOGIC TRICUSPID VALVES FROM TRANSTHORACIC THREE-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC DATA SETS
Authors: Denisa Muraru, Federico Veronesi, Gabriella Romeo, Patrizia Aruta, Daniele Dequal, Sabino Iliceto, Luigi Badano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
O112 GENERATION OF MICE WITH SYNGENEIC HUMAN LIVER AND IMMUNE SYSTEM TO STUDY CELLULAR IMMUNITY TO HEPATITIS B VIRUS
Authors: E. Billerbeck, M.C. Mommersteeg, J. Xiao, M. Dorner, C. Fung, L. Andrus, A. Bhatta, A. Shlomai, L. Chiriboga, C.M. Rice, Y.P. de Jong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Theories of anterior cingulate cortex function: Opportunity cost
Authors: Clay B. Holroyd
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract The target article highlights the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in conflict monitoring, but ACC function may be better understood in terms of the hierarchical organization of behavior. This proposal suggests that the ACC selects extended goal-directed actions according to their learned costs and benefits and executes those behaviors subject to depleting resources.
Intérêt de l'endoscopie rapide dans les hémorragies digestives hautes non variqueuses
Authors: K Saada, N Aqodad, M El Yousfi, I Mellouki, M El Abkari, DA Benajah, A Ibrahimi
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

L'hémorragie digestive haute (HDH) est l'une des principales urgences digestives. La réalisation d'une endoscopie digestive en cas d'HDH a un double intérêt diagnostique et thérapeutique. Il est classiquement recommandé de l'effectuer dans les 24 heures suivant l'hémorragie digestive haute non variqueuse (HDHNV), or, certains préfèrent la réaliser dans les 6 heurs suivant l'épisode hémorragique. L'objectif de ce travail est de rechercher l'intérêt d'une endoscopie rapide dans les HDHNV.
Pelvic Radiation with Concurrent Chemotherapy Compared with Pelvic and Para-Aortic Radiation for High-Risk Cervical Cancer
Authors: Mitchell Morris, Patricia J. Eifel, Jiandong Lu, Perry W. Grigsby, Charles Levenback, Randy E. Stevens, Marvin Rotman, David M. Gershenson, David G. Mutch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

We compared the effect of radiotherapy to a pelvic and para-aortic field with that of pelvic radiation and concurrent chemotherapy with fluorouracil and cisplatin in women with advanced cervical cancer. Between 1990 and 1997, 403 women with advanced cervical cancer confined to the pelvis (stages IIB through IVA or stage IB or IIA with a tumor diameter of at least 5 cm or involvement of pelvic lymph nodes) were randomly assigned to receive either 45 Gy of radiation to the pelvis and para-aortic lymph nodes or 45 Gy of radiation to the pelvis alone plus two cycles of fluorouracil and cisplatin (days 1 through 5 and days 22 through 26 of radiation). Patients were then to receive one or two applications of low-dose-rate intracavitary radiation, with a third cycle of chemotherapy planned for the second intracavitary procedure in the combined-therapy group.
Dissemination of Latent Colon Adenocarcinoma after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy
Authors: J L Azevedo, D Mattos, M Ricci, O Azevedo
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

The seeding of neoplasms at trocar sites has been reported with increasing frequency. A case is presented of a 68 year-old woman with metastatic seeding of nondiagnosed colon cancer at the umbilical trocar site used for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Histopathological examination showed metastatic adenocarcinoma probably of gastrointestinal origin. A colonoscopy performed at the same time revealed a 2-cm lesion at the hepatic flexure which was shown histologically to be a differentiated adenocarcinoma. Diffuse peritoneal carcinomatosis was also found on computerised tomography. It is presumed that the primary colon cancer existed prior to cholecystectomy.
Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants and their association with breast cancer survival.
Authors: JE Abraham, M Maranian, K Driver, D Greenberg, MN Shah, HM Earl, AM Dunning, PP Pharoah, C Caldas
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3089 Background: Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6), a phase I drug metabolising enzyme, is involved in the metabolism of up to 25% of all drugs. The CYP2D6 gene is highly polymorphic with over 60 reported variant forms. Many of these have been classified by their effect on drug metaboliser status (poor, intermediate, extensive and ultra). Many variants have low minor allele frequencies (MAF) and metaboliser classification is not always certain. There is conflicting evidence for the potential predictive value of CYP2D6 genotype in patients treated with tamoxifen. In this study we investigate the association of the CYP2D6 gene variants with breast cancer survival in patients treated with tamoxifen.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Invasive breast cancer cases (n=6510), came from SEARCH (East Anglian, UK population-based study), 3155 of these cases had received Tamoxifen therapy. CYP2D6 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genotyping were selected using 2 approaches: (i) Known CYP2D6 functional variants (n=13; MAF&amp;gt;0.01), (ii) tag SNPs , that efficiently tagged all known CYP2D6 common variants on the HapMap database (n=5; MAF&amp;gt;0.05), such that known common SNPs had an rp2 of &amp;gt;0.8 with at least one tagSNP. (Pairwise correlation coefficient (rp2) is a measure of how well one SNP tags another.) The combination of these two approaches aims to capture all known functional variants as well as any, as yet undiscovered variants that may be tagged by the common tagSNPs. Genotyping was carried out using Taqman Assays by Design.&amp;#x2028; Results: Preliminary results, from this ongoing study, indicate that in patients treated with tamoxifen, one rare functional variant (carrier frequency = 0.02), CYP2D6*6, is associated with decreased breast cancer survival (P=0.007; HR=2.03; 95%CI=1.21-3.40), in comparison to patients who have not received hormone therapy (P=0.359; HR=0.52; 95%CI=0.13-2.10). None of the common tagSNPs (MAF&amp;gt;0.05) were associated with differences in survival (at P&amp;lt;/=0.05 level).&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: We conclude that at least one variant of the CYP2D6 gene may affect breast cancer survival in patients treated with tamoxifen. CYP2D6*6 is associated with poor metaboliser status, resulting in impaired tamoxifen metabolism. Consequently genotyping for this CYP2D6 variant may help to determine which patients are unlikely to benefit from standard tamoxifen treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3089.