tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON SENATORIAL ELECTION
Authors: C. A. Ballance, F. G. Penrose, J. M. Bruce, S. Phillips, J. Bury, Fred. T. Roberts, A. Hy. Carter, A. E. Sansom, N. Dalton, M. Scharlieb, A. P. Gould, E. M. Skerritt, F. d. H. Hall, F. Taylor, J. A. Nunneley, H. J. Waring, R. Parker
Journal: BMJ (1903)
WHO Assesses Environmental Risks to Health
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Abstract A18: The tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK inhibits small intestine Lgr5+ stem cell proliferation without altering tissue morphology
Authors: Jens Henrik Norum, Ellen Skarpen, Andreas Brech, Raoul Kuiper, Jo Waaler, Stefan Krauss, Therese Sørlie
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Tankyrase enzymes play crucial roles in the Wnt signaling pathway, involved in the regulation of intestinal stem cells and tissue homeostasis. Aberrant Wnt signaling is known to cause intestinal cancers and the tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK has previously been shown to inhibit tumor growth in an APC-mutant colorectal cancer xenograft model. We have used in vivo models to address the effect of G007-LK on small intestine tissue homeostasis. The mice were treated for up to 3 weeks with the tankyrase inhibitor, without affecting the body mass or observed clinical condition of the mice. H&amp;E staining of fixed small intestine tissue sections showed no significant differences in the general tissue morphology between control and G007-LK treated mice. In the presence of G007-LK, lineage tracing from the Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells was significantly reduced compared to control mice. When the G007-LK treatment was stopped two days prior to initiation of lineage tracing, there were no significant difference in the number of traced cells between the mice pretreated with G007-LK and untreated control group. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining for the proliferation marker Ki67 showed a slight reduction in the number of positive cells in the small intestine of the G007-LK treated compared to control mice. As expected, in the crypt base cells there was a reduction of nuclei staining positive for β-catenin in the G007-LK treated compared to control mice, suggesting repressed Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Taken together, our data show that the tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK is well tolerated by the mice. The tankyrase inhibitor reduced the proliferative activity of the small intestine Lgr5+ stem cells, without altering the general morphology or function of the tissue. Citation Format: Jens Henrik Norum, Ellen Skarpen, Andreas Brech, Raoul Kuiper, Jo Waaler, Stefan Krauss, Therese Sørlie. The tankyrase inhibitor G007-LK inhibits small intestine Lgr5+ stem cell proliferation without altering tissue morphology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A18.
Abstract P3-14-12: Phase 0 study evaluating COX2 inhibition on circulating PGE2 levels from obese subjects
Authors: L Lengfelder, A Brenner, L Bowers, S Apte, G Galván, K Kist, L deGraffenried
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Obesity is associated with poor breast cancer outcomes in postmenopausal women in response to aromatase inhibitor therapy. Our prior studies have shown an association between reduced recurrence rate and use of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibiting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in obese breast cancer patients. The mechanism proposed was a decrease in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and reduced activation of the aromatase promote locally in the breast. Methods: Postmenopausal women of varying body habitus were recruited at the CTRC in San Antonio and underwent randomized assignment to 1 of 3 arms: ASA 81mg daily, 1500mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and 2500mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) given daily, or combined ASA and DHA/EPA. Sera were collected prior to and following 28 days of exposure, and cytokines including prostaglandin E2 were assessed via enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Conditioned media was generated by exposing macrophages to patient sera in order to see if the patient sera induced PGE2 concentration in vitro. Results: Thirty of the planned 120 subjects have completed assessment. No toxicity has been noted. In 71% of the patients, serum PGE2 levels decreased, but only 60% demonstrated concurrent decrease in serum PGE2 levels as well as macrophage PGE2 production, while almost all (88%) of the patients whose serum did not demonstrate a decrease in PGE2 levels also demonstrated no decrease in induced levels. Conclusion: NSAIDs appear to effectively decrease circulating levels of PGE2 in most obese women. However, one third of the subjects did not demonstrate concurrent suppression of induced PGE2 from macrophages. These data suggest that circulating levels of PGE2 may not be reflective of local tumor microenvironment levels, and other pro-inflammatory circulating factors may be responsible for regulating local inflammatory responses. Final analysis will be completed and presented at the SABCS meeting. Citation Format: Lengfelder L, Brenner A, Bowers L, Apte S, Galván G, Kist K, deGraffenried L. Phase 0 study evaluating COX2 inhibition on circulating PGE2 levels from obese subjects. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-12.
Dasatinib in imatinib-resistant or -intolerant chronic-phase, chronic myeloid leukemia patients: 7-year follow-up of study CA180-034
Authors: Neil P. Shah, Philippe Rousselot, Charles Schiffer, Delphine Rea, Jorge E. Cortes, Jorge Milone, Hesham Mohamed, Diane Healey, Hagop Kantarjian, Andreas Hochhaus, Giuseppe Saglio
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2016)

Dasatinib was approved at 100 mg once daily for imatinib‐resistant or ‐intolerant patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase, based on results of the phase 3 CA180‐034 (NCT00123474) study. Here we present the final 7‐year analysis of this pivotal study, the longest follow‐up to date of any second‐generation BCR–ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). Patients ( n = 670) with imatinib‐resistant or ‐intolerant CML in chronic phase received dasatinib. Nineteen percent of patients continued on study treatment, with a greater proportion in the 100 mg once daily arm remaining on therapy. Seven‐year rates for major molecular response (MMR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were similar across doses; MMR, PFS, and OS results were 46, 42, and 65% at 100 mg once daily, respectively. Improved PFS and OS rates were reported in patients who achieved BCR–ABL1 ≤10% at 3 and 6 months. No new safety signals were identified. The incidence of drug‐related pleural effusion was 28% at 100 mg once daily and 35% at the other three dose groups. Incidence of drug‐related pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary arterial hypertension remained low (≤3% across all doses). Arterial ischemic events occurred in ≤4% of patients across all doses. These data support the long‐term efficacy and well‐established safety profile of dasatinib for patients with imatinib‐resistant or ‐intolerant CML in chronic phase. Am. J. Hematol. 91:869–874, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surveillance of human Campylobacter infections in France - Part 2 - Implementation of national surveillance
Authors: A Gallay, F Simon, F. Mégraud
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

In 2001, one year after the study of microbiological laboratories that showed the feasibility of a surveillance of Campylobacter infections, 1389 private laboratories were asked whether they would be willing to participate. The high proportion of positive responses (48%, 661) allowed the implementation on 1 April 2002 of surveillance of human Campylobacter infections.
The psychiatry internship and the development of professional identity
Authors: M M Gilmore, S W Perry
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

Advocates of the psychiatry internship believe the experience fosters professinal maturity. The authors examined the maturing process of 10 psychiatry residents during their internship year. Changes in the interns' professional identity including expectations of self and others are described and seen as a goal of the experience. The authors outline danger signals of poor professional development and suggest interventions to help interns resolve conflicts.
Abstract A27: Long noncoding RNA expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia identifies a distinct signature associated with NPM1 mutations
Authors: Etienne De Clara, Hanjing Ma, François Vergez, Cathy Quelen, Sébastien Dejean, Cécile Demur, Eric Delabesse, Christian Recher, Christian Touriol, Maria Paola Martelli, Brunangelo Falini, Pierre Brousset, Marina Bousquet
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as RNA transcripts that are larger than 200 nt but do not appear to have protein-coding potential. Cumulative evidence points towards an important role of lncRNAs in cancer initiation, development, and progression. In this study we sought to evaluate the lncRNA expression profile of patients with cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML). RNA sequencing of forty CN-AML patients allowed us to identify more than 8000 previously-undescribed lncRNAs. Using unsupervised analysis we observed a specific lncRNA signature dependent on the mutational status of the nucleophosmin (NPM1) gene. Sparse partial least squares discriminant analysis allowed us to identify a minimal set of 19 lncRNAs capable of discriminating NPM1-mutated from NPM1-wild type patients. Among these, we found that expression of the XLOC_087120 lncRNA inversely correlates with its neighboring histone-coding genes. XLOC_087120 also interacts with SUZ12, a component of the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2, suggesting a role for this lncRNA in the epigenetic repression of histone genes and therefore a potential impact on chromatin remodeling. Indeed, its overexpression in cell lines leads to a downregulation of histone genes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mutant NPM1 modulates the nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of XLOC_087120. Altogether, these data suggest that lncRNAs should be considered as key players in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemias. Citation Format: Etienne De Clara, Hanjing Ma, François Vergez, Cathy Quelen, Sébastien Dejean, Cécile Demur, Eric Delabesse, Christian Recher, Christian Touriol, Maria Paola Martelli, Brunangelo Falini, Pierre Brousset, Marina Bousquet. Long noncoding RNA expression in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia identifies a distinct signature associated with NPM1 mutations. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Noncoding RNAs and Cancer: Mechanisms to Medicines ; 2015 Dec 4-7; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(6 Suppl):Abstract nr A27.
Tuberculosis and BCG in Europe
Authors: J  M Watson
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) vaccine was developed from an attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis at the beginning of the twentieth century. Its widespread use as a vaccine against tuberculosis spread in Europe, and subsequently globally, over the next 50 years. It remains one of the most frequently administered vaccines in the world. It has also been one of the most controversial. Widely differing estimates of the effectiveness of BCG at protecting against different forms of tuberculosis in different population subgroups in different settings have been published [1]. Some countries, with a low incidence of tuberculosis, did not adopt the use of BCG vaccine at all and some others abandoned its use at a later stage. In addition, great variation developed in national programmes for the administration of BCG including the age(s) at which it should be given, whether or not its administration should be preceded by tuberculin sensitivity testing, and whether repeat vaccinations with BCG should be given.
The prognostic validity of DSM-III axis IV in depressed inpatients
Authors: M Zimmerman, B Pfohl, W Coryell, D Stangl
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

DSM-III suggests that axis IV should have prognostic value--that patients with higher scores will have a better outcome than patients with low ratings. The authors used axis IV to assign scores to 130 depressed inpatients and examined these scores in association with the patients' course during the index hospitalization and at 6-month prospective follow-up. Higher axis IV scores were associated with more depressive symptoms on hospital discharge, but they did not predict follow-up outcome. These results are consistent with other studies of the prognostic value of ratings of psychosocial stress and indicate that, at least for depression, there is little empirical support for DSM-III's suggestion that stress is a favorable prognostic sign.
Quality-adjusted survival analysis.
Authors: J E Till, J C de Haes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.3.525 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1999721 Quality-adjusted survival analysis. J E TillxJ E TillSearch for articles by this author , J C de HaesxJ C de HaesSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.3.525 PDF "Quality-adjusted survival analysis.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 9(3), pp. 525–526© 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Alternative Pathways of Thymine and Uracil Metabolism in the Liver and Hepatoma23
Authors: Carl-Henric de Verdier, Van R. Potter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

The catalyzing enzymes are found in the supernatant fraction after high-speed centrifugation of the rat liver and Dunning LC 18 hepatoma homogenates. In the normal liver the ratio between the activities for the deoxyriboside-transferring enzyme and the riboside-transferring enzyme is about 3.5, and in the Dunning hepatoma about 0.06. Cytosine riboside and deoxyriboside do not participate in the exchange reactions, while thymine and uracil participate equally well. Exchange reaction (1) is sensitive to arsenate ions, in contrast to reaction (2). The comparative inhibitory effect on the exchange reactions exerted by the three naturally occurring pyrimidines and by 5-fluorouracil has been studied. Rat kidney, brain, and heart do not show any measurable amounts of the deoxyribose-transferring enzyme, nor does tissue from the Novikoff rat hepatoma.
Abstract B31: Circulating periostin as a potential biomarker to predict platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer.
Authors: Lisa Ryner, Amy Noyes, Denise Nazzal, Paul Vu, Yinghui Guan, Shan Lu, Alyssa Morimoto, Sue Brignoli, Yulei Wang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Roughly a third of ovarian cancer patients are intrinsically resistant to platinum-based treatment. However, predictive and therapeutic strategies are lacking to treat these patients due to a poor understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. We previously identified and validated a “reactive stroma” gene signature that is associated with primary chemoresistance in epithelial ovarian cancers (EOCs). In addition this signature was further validated in an independent dataset and high expression level of the signature genes predicts shorter progression free survival following front line chemotherapy. One of the key components of this gene signature is periostin (POSTN), an extracellular matrix protein known for its role in a variety of tissue remodeling conditions as well as overexpression in many types of cancers. Interestingly, POSTN is also involved in aspects of allergic inflammation and is used as a circulating biomarker for TH2-driven asthma. To investigate whether circulating POSTN could be used to predict chemoresistance in EOC, we developed an ELISA assay for detecting circulating POSTN in serum and plasma. Serum POSTN levels were measured in panels of serum samples from 143 EOC patients, 102 normal healthy subjects (NHS) and from 126 patients with other cancers. The serum POSTN ELISA was sensitive down to 1.88ng/mL and POSTN was detected in the serum of all patients and NHS. Although the range of POSTN expression in the EOC patients was highly overlapping with that of normal healthy subjects, a positive correlation was observed with the stage of disease. Retrospective and prospective studies are underway to determine whether baseline serum-POSTN levels can predict chemoresistance in EOC patients. Our study may lead to the development of a novel diagnostic strategy for predicting response to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Lisa Ryner, Amy Noyes, Denise Nazzal, Paul Vu, Yinghui Guan, Shan Lu, Alyssa Morimoto, Sue Brignoli, Yulei Wang. Circulating periostin as a potential biomarker to predict platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr B31.
Alpha-immunotherapy compared to external gamma irradiation, cold antibody and chemotherapy in B-CLL in vitro: Correlation with clinical chemotherapy sensitivity
Authors: K Vandenbulcke, Fritz Offner, Filip De Vos, A Janssens, T Nikula, C Apostolides, R Molinet, W Janssens, Hubert Thierens, Rudi Dierckx, Guido Slegers, Jan Philippé
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
Excess mortality as an epidemic intelligence tool in chikungunya mapping
Authors: S K Ramchurn, S S Goorah, M Makhan, K Moheeput
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Mortality is an important public health indicator [1]. Mortality data is accurately recorded, readily accessible, and includes precise temporal and geographical variables. During epidemic outbreaks, excess mortality can inform on the virulence of an infection. Moreover, in the absence of outbreak prevalence data, mortality can additionally inform on the spatio-temporal progression of the disease.
Trauma experiences, posttraumatic stress, dissociation, and depression in Cambodian refugees
Authors: E B Carlson, R Rosser-Hogan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The authors' goal was to determine the levels of trauma and psychiatric symptoms in a randomly selected group of Cambodian refugees and to determine the relationship between the amount of trauma experienced and subsequent psychiatric symptoms.Data on traumatic experiences and symptoms of posttraumatic stress, dissociation, depression, and anxiety were collected on 50 randomly selected Cambodian refugees who had resettled in the United States.Subjects experienced multiple and severe traumas and showed high levels of all symptoms measured. Forty-three (86%) of the subjects met DSM-III-R criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder, 48 (96%) had high dissociation scores, and 40 (80%) could be classified as suffering from clinical depression. Correlations between trauma scores and symptom scores and among symptom scores were moderate to large.These results indicate that a high proportion of Cambodian refugees who are not psychiatric patients suffer from severe psychiatric symptoms and that there is a relationship between the amount of trauma they experienced and the severity of these symptoms.
Epstein-Barr virus nuclear protein EBNA3C directly induces expression of AID and somatic mutations in B cells
Authors: Jens S. Kalchschmidt, Rachael Bashford-Rogers, Kostas Paschos, Adam C.T. Gillman, Christine T. Styles, Paul Kellam, Martin J. Allday
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2016)

Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), the enzyme responsible for induction of sequence variation in immunoglobulins (Igs) during the process of somatic hypermutation (SHM) and also Ig class switching, can have a potent mutator phenotype in the development of lymphoma. Using various Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) recombinants, we provide definitive evidence that the viral nuclear protein EBNA3C is essential in EBV-infected primary B cells for the induction of AID mRNA and protein. Using lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) established with EBV recombinants conditional for EBNA3C function, this was confirmed, and it was shown that transactivation of the AID gene (AICDA) is associated with EBNA3C binding to highly conserved regulatory elements located proximal to and upstream of the AICDA transcription start site. EBNA3C binding initiated epigenetic changes to chromatin at specific sites across the AICDA locus. Deep sequencing of cDNA corresponding to the IgH V-D-J region from the conditional LCL was used to formally show that SHM is activated by functional EBNA3C and induction of AID. These data, showing the direct targeting and induction of functional AID by EBNA3C, suggest a novel role for EBV in the etiology of B cell cancers, including endemic Burkitt lymphoma.