tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prostate Cancer: Emerging Concepts: Part II
Authors: M B Garnick, W R Fair
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Objective: To review important topics related to prostate cancer that have arisen since this subject was last covered in Annals in 1993. The review consists of two parts. Part II describes neoadjuvant hormonal therapy, new local treatment options (including three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, brachytherapy, and cryosurgery), antiandrogen therapy management of erectile dysfunction, funding and legislation for research, and areas for future research, especially in genetics investigations. Study Selection: Randomized studies identified through a MEDLINE search (1992 to 1996); large, single-institutional conferences and consortiums; and studies presented at regional, national, and international symposia. Data Synthesis: Qualitative and quantitative data are reported. Part II describes results of completed randomized trials that used neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Studies have shown that nearly 50% more patients with cT2 disease will have pathologically confined (pT2) prostate cancer as a result of preoperative neoadjuvant hormonal therapy. Time to development of progressive disease and disease-free survival are improved in patients receiving neoadjuvant hormonal therapy before radiation therapy, but the long-term overall effects on survival of neoadjuvant therapy before surgery or radiation are unknown. Other methods for treating localized prostate cancer (three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy, brachytherapy, and cryotherapy) are gaining popularity, despite the lack of long-term efficacy results. Advances in the understanding of the optimal use of antiandrogens and managing treatment-induced erectile dysfunction continue to benefit patients with prostate cancer. Conclusions: Prostate cancer is being detected with increasing frequency, and many patients are receiving such treatments as radical prostatectomy and radiation therapy. Although refinements in prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based testing have contributed substantially to the increased rate of detection of prostate cancer, the incidence of disease was increasing dramatically even before PSA detection was possible. Despite earlier detection, the optimal therapy for the early form of the disease is still enigmatic. Further studies and longer follow-up of patients who participated in completed studies are needed to better define the outcomes and importance of prostate cancer therapies. More research is needed to help elucidate the reasons for the increased incidence of the disease; such efforts should help define strategies to ultimately prevent prostate cancer.
<i>MET</i> DNA Alterations in NSCLC—Letter
Authors: Maria Cecilia Mengoli, Federica Bertolini, Marcello Tiseo, Fausto Barbieri, Michelangelo Fiorentino, Andrea Ardizzoni, Giulio Rossi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

We read with great interest the study by Tong and colleagues ([1][1]) that evidenced the presence of MET exon 14 skipping mutations tested by Sanger sequencing in a high percentage of sarcomatoid carcinomas of the lung (7/22 cases, 31.8%). Similar results were recently showed by Liu and colleagues
Safe chemotherapy (CT) administration and impact on nurses' workflow of a mobile health (mHealth) information technology system
Authors: M. Sandri, D. Zanolli, C. Pellegrini, D. Sandri, C. Aste, O. Bertolini, R. Dallapiccola, L. Franzoi, R. Frizzera, A.M. Guagnano, L. Ianeselli, F. Maines, L. Mosca, M. Nave, M.G. Pangrazzi, L. Paterno, L. Rigotti, M. Sannicolò, S. Varesco, M.L. Zambotti, E. Galligioni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Is paclitaxel, cisplatin, and gemcitabine (PCG) feasible as neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced bladder cancer (LABC)?
Authors: Pedro Exman, Tatiana Strava Correa, Claudio Lima Rocha, Caroline Chaul Barbosa, Carlos Dzik
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

e15510 Background: Neoadjuvant therapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin (MVAC) improves survival in LABC. PCG has proven to be an alternative with high response rate in metastatic disease and recent evidences demonstrates it as an option in adjuvant context. However its role in neoadjuvant scenario is still uncertain. Our objective is to evaluate time free of recurrence(TFR) and overall pathologic response in pts with LABC who underwent neoadjuvant PCG. Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study which compares patients(pts) who received neoadjuvant PCG with pts who were submitted to cistectomy alone. TFR was estimated by Kaplan-Meier, log-rank test used to evaluate prognosis factors and Chi square test was used to compares variables. The pathologic specimens were examined by independent pathologists. We considered complete pathologic response (cPR) cases that pathologic staging was T0 or T1 with no nodal involvement. Results: Neoadjuvant therapy with PCG was administered in 16 pts. In average, they received 4 cycles, with median 27 months of follow-up. Most patients were male (81%) and the median age was 61 years old, with good performance status. There was just 1 case of mielotoxicity grade 3 and no death related to the treatment. All pts submitted to PCG were able to realize cystectomy as planned. In the same period, 50 pts had cystectomy alone as treatment for LABC. Most patients were male (80%) with median age of 67 years old and good performance status. Although the two treatment groups were well balanced (T3/4 31%), percentage of positive node was greater in PCG arm (53 X 34%). Disease recurrence occurred in 3 (18%) and 24 (48%) in the PCG and cystectomy group respectively. Overall time to recurrence was significantly higher in PCG group (24 X 14 months, p=0,036). There was a trend for longer survival in pts that cPR was achieved, when comparing with those who did not. A cPR was seen in 30% and 2% of pts in PCG and cystectomy group respectively. Conclusions: Regardless our population had worse rate of cPR than MVAC, PCG demonstrated better outcomes compared with cistectomy alone and this regiment should be considered as an option as neoadjuvant therapy for LABC.
Abstract 15422: Synchronicity of Left Ventricular Contraction As a Determinant of Left Ventricular Twist Mechanics : Serial Speckle-tracking Analysis in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome Pre- and Post-radiofrequency Catheter Ablation
Authors: Myung-Ki Seo, Sung-A Chang, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Eue-Keun Choi, Yong-Jin Kim, Seil Oh, Dae-Won Sohn, Byung-Hee Oh, Young-Bae Park
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: This study was set out to investigate the isolated impact of synchronous patterns of left ventricular(LV) contraction(i.e.LV synchronicity) on LV twist behavior. Background: Although th...
Reply to Thomson
Authors: Mohammad Yaghoobi, Qi Pauls, Peter Cotton
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

We appreciate Dr. Thomson’s comments and interest in our recent study regarding the incidence and predictors of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis (PEP) in patients with suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction undergoing biliary or dual sphincterotomy [1]. The difference in the rate of PEP was not deemed to be clinically plausible because the medication used for monitored anesthesia care (MAC) and general anesthesia were basically the same, whereas different classes, usually a benzodiazepine and a narcotic, were used in moderate sedation. We agree that the difference between MAC and moderate sedation could be theoretically explained by the difference in patient tolerance but we believe that this needs to be tested in a properly designed clinical trial. Most patients in our study underwent MAC rather than moderate sedation or general anesthesia, and therefore the sample size in those subgroups might not have been sufficient to show a statistical significance. In response to Dr. Thomson’s specific questions, there were differences between centers in the predilection for the type of sedation used. Age and sex were not significantly different between patients with and those without PEP. Patients with a previous history of pancreatitis were excluded from the study.
The incidence of pertussis in the Netherlands has remained high since an outbreak occurred in 1996
Authors: S E Neppelenbroek, H de Melker, J. F.P Schellekens, M A E Conyn-Van Spaendonck
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

The incidence of pertussis throughout the Netherlands, determined by notifications, rose suddenly in 1996 to reach 27.2 cases per 100 000 population, compared with 2.3/100 000 on average from 1989 to 1995. Earlier increases in 1989-1990 and 1994 reflected
Do Patient Characteristics Impact Decisions by Clinicians on Hemoglobin A1c Targets?
Authors: Saeid Shahraz, Anastassios G. Pittas, Christine M. Lundquist, Goodarz Danaei, David M. Kent
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

In setting hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) targets, physicians must consider individualized risks and benefits of tight glycemic control (1,2) by recognizing that the risk-benefit ratio may become unfavorable in certain patients, including the elderly and/or those with multiple comorbidities (3,4). Customization of treatment goals based on patient characteristics is poorly understood, partly due to insufficient data on physicians’ decisions in setting targets. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to analyze patient-reported HbA1c targets set by physicians and to test whether targets are correlated with patient characteristics.

Data from the NHANES waves 2005–2006, 2007–2008, 2011–2012, and 2013–2014 (the 2009–2010 wave lacked HbA1c data) comprised 2,641 individuals with self-reported diabetes, of which 1,782 responded to the question, “What does [your doctor] say [your] ‘A1C’ level should be?” On the basis of the distribution of responses, we analyzed the following targets: <6%, <7%, and higher cutoffs (<8%, 9%, and 10%) combined. Using ordered logistic regression, we assessed the influence of age; sex; race; diabetes duration; comorbidities; BMI; variables on physical, mental, and biological health; and health care utilization. We used NHANES sample weights to calculate population rates of target HbA …
When to Perform Karyotype Analysis in Infertile Men? Validation of the European Association of Urology Guidelines with the Proposal of a New Predictive Model
Authors: Eugenio Ventimiglia, Paolo Capogrosso, Luca Boeri, Filippo Pederzoli, Walter Cazzaniga, Roberta Scano, Silvia Ippolito, Nicola Fossati, Massimo Alfano, Francesco Montorsi, Andrea Salonia
Journal: European Urology (2016)
P-339 Total Mesorectal (Chemo) Radiation (TMRT) with integrated Mesorectal boost followed by TME for preoperative therapy for locally advanced rectal cancers
Authors: N. Thawani, S. Vyas, E. Rahila, S. Thomas, H. Papaconstantinou, L. Wong, D. Niloyjyoti, S. Mutyala, J. Fleshman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Effects of Moderate and Vigorous Exercise on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Hui-Jie Zhang, Jiang He, Ling-Ling Pan, Zhi-Min Ma, Cheng-Kun Han, Chung-Shiuan Chen, Zheng Chen, Hai-Wei Han, Shi Chen, Qian Sun, Jun-Feng Zhang, Zhi-Bin Li, Shu-Yu Yang, Xue-Jun Li, Xiao-Ying Li
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

IMPORTANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent risk factor for chronic liver disease and cardiovascular disease.OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of moderate and vigorous exercise on intrahepatic triglyceride content and metabolic risk factors among patients with NAFLD.
Population‐based analysis of health care contacts among suicide decedents: identifying opportunities for more targeted suicide prevention strategies
Authors: Ayal Schaffer, Mark Sinyor, Paul Kurdyak, Simone Vigod, Jitender Sareen, Catherine Reis, Diane Green, James Bolton, Anne Rhodes, Sophie Grigoriadis, John Cairney, Amy Cheung
Journal: World Psychiatry (2016)

The objective of this study was to detail the nature and correlates of mental health and non-mental health care contacts prior to suicide death. We conducted a systematic extraction of data from records at the Office of the Chief Coroner of Ontario of each person who died by suicide in the city of Toronto from 1998 to 2011. Data on 2,835 suicide deaths were linked with provincial health administrative data to identify health care contacts during the 12 months prior to suicide. Sub-populations of suicide decedents based on the presence and type of mental health care contact were described and compared across socio-demographic, clinical and suicide-specific variables. Time periods from last mental health contact to date of death were calculated and a Cox proportional hazards model examined covariates. Among suicide decedents, 91.7% had some type of past-year health care contact prior to death, 66.4% had a mental health care contact, and 25.3% had only non-mental health contacts. The most common type of mental health contact was an outpatient primary care visit (54.0%), followed by an outpatient psychiatric visit (39.8%), an emergency department visit (31.1%), and a psychiatric hospitalization (21.0%). The median time from last mental health contact to death was 18 days (interquartile range 5-63). Mental health contact was significantly associated with female gender, age 25-64, absence of a psychosocial stressor, diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, past suicide attempt, self-poisoning method and absence of a suicide note. Significant differences between sub-populations of suicide decedents based on the presence and nature of their health care contacts suggest the need for targeting of community and clinical-based suicide prevention strategies. The predominance of ambulatory mental health care contacts, often close to the time of death, reinforce the importance of concentrating efforts on embedding risk assessment and care pathways into all routine primary and specialty clinical care, and not only acute care settings.
Histone Methylation by the Kleefstra Syndrome Protein EHMT1 Mediates Homeostatic Synaptic Scaling
Authors: Marco Benevento, Giovanni Iacono, Martijn Selten, Wei Ba, Astrid Oudakker, Monica Frega, Jason Keller, Roberta Mancini, Elly Lewerissa, Tjitske Kleefstra, Henk G. Stunnenberg, Huiqing Zhou, Hans van Bokhoven, Nael Nadif Kasri
Journal: Neuron (2016)
CARBON MONOXIDE IN GARAGES
Authors: C R ROSS
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Comparative study of late rectal toxicity in veterans undergoing low-dose rate prostate brachytherapy treated with or without supplemental external beam radiotherapy.
Authors: Nicholas A Serrano, Drew Moghanaki, David Asher, Jeremy Karlin, Matthew Schutzer, Michael G. Chang, Michael Philip Hagan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

112 Background: Supplemental external beam radiation therapy (sEBRT) is often prescribed in men undergoing low dose rate (LDR) brachytherapy for prostate cancer. A population of patients was analyzed to assess the effect of sEBRT on late rectal toxicity. It was hypothesized that sEBRT+LDR would be associated with a higher risk of late rectal toxicity, compared to LDR brachytherapy alone. Methods: This retrospective cohort study examined LDR brachytherapy patients, treated with or without sEBRT, with a minimum of 5 years follow-up. All were treated at a credentialed Veterans Affairs medical center that enrolled many of these patients on RTOG 0234. Longitudinal assessments were evaluated using the Computerized Patient Record System, and toxicities were coded using the CTCAE v4.0. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for analysis. Results: Median follow-up was 7.5 years for 245 consecutive patients from 2004 and 2007. sEBRT was administered to 33.5%. Follow-up beyond 5 years was available for 89%. Overall rates of grade ≥ 2 and ≥ 3 rectal toxicities were 6.9% and 2.9%, respectively. The risk of grade ≥ 2 rectal toxicity was 2.8-fold higher for patients receiving sEBRT (1.1 - 7.2, 95% CI, p = 0.02). The risk of grade ≥ 3 rectal toxicity was 11.9-fold higher for patients who received sEBRT (1.5 - 97.4, 95% CI, p = 0.003). Six out of 7 patients with a grade ≥ 3 rectal toxicity received sEBRT, including one who required an abdominoperineal resection due to radiation proctopathy. The median post-LDR D 90 , V 150 , V 200 , and R 100 values were 103.3%, 59.4%, 30.1%, and 0.5 cc. The minimum R 100 associated with a grade ≥ 2 toxicity was 0.2 cc, and the minimum R 100 for a grade ≥ 3 toxicity was 0.4 cc. Grade ≥ 2 rectal toxicity was seen in 3% vs 13% of patients who had post-implant dosimetry of R 100 &lt; 1 cc vs R 100 ≥ 1 cc, respectively. Conclusions: In a cohort of LDR brachytherapy patients with high rates of follow-up, sEBRT+LDR was associated with significantly higher risk of grade ≥ 2 and ≥ 3 late rectal toxicity. This analysis supports previous findings and maintains concern about the supplemental use of EBRT with LDR brachytherapy while its benefit for tumor control has yet to be prospectively validated.
Neuronal activity enhances tau propagation and tau pathology in vivo
Authors: Jessica W Wu, S Abid Hussaini, Isle M Bastille, Gustavo A Rodriguez, Ana Mrejeru, Kelly Rilett, David W Sanders, Casey Cook, Hongjun Fu, Rick A C M Boonen, Mathieu Herman, Eden Nahmani, Sheina Emrani, Y Helen Figueroa, Marc I Diamond, Catherine L Clelland, Selina Wray, Karen E Duff
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2016)
Bone Remodeling in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Who Receive Lenalidomide-Based Regimens.
Authors: Evangelos Terpos, Dimitrios Christoulas, Efstathios Kastritis, Eirini Katodritou, Xenophon Papanikolaou, Maria Roussou, Nikolaos Stavropoulos, Konstantinos Tsionos, Gerassimos A. Pangalis, Konstantinos Zervas, Orhan Sezer, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2007)
Case 52-1969
Authors: Earle M. Chapman, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Presentation of Case First admission. A seventy-three-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever with shaking chills of a week's duration.Thirteen years previously he had been admitted to the hospital for a left inguinal herniorrhaphy. A routine blood Hinton test was positive; a Wassermann test of the cerebrospinal fluid was negative. An x-ray film of the chest revealed calcification of the ascending and descending portions of the thoracic aorta; the heart and lungs were normal. A diagnosis of late latent syphilis was made, and 6,000,000 units of penicillin was given intramuscularly. One year later a transient thrombotic . . .
Infant weight trajectories and early childhood wheezing: the NINFEA birth cohort study
Authors: Maja Popovic, Costanza Pizzi, Franca Rusconi, Claudia Galassi, Luigi Gagliardi, Laura De Marco, Enrica Migliore, Franco Merletti, Lorenzo Richiardi
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Rapid postnatal weight gain has been associated with wheezing and asthma in children, but it remains unclear whether it acts independently of overweight. We aimed to disentangle the roles of infant9s size and weight gain velocity in the development of wheezing in early childhood using a novel method that allows for mutual adjustment for different aspects of growth. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were obtained from the NINFEA questionnaires where weight measurements from birth up to 18 months of age were assessed in 4492 term singletons. Wheezing was defined as at least one episode of wheezing/whistling in the chest occurring between 6 and 18 months of age. The SuperImposition by Translation And Rotation model was used to estimate individual weight trajectories defined by three child-specific parameters: <i>size</i>, <i>velocity</i> and <i>tempo</i>, that is age at peak weight velocity. These parameters were standardised and related to wheezing using logistic regression with effects expressed as an increase of one SD. <h3>Results</h3> A median of five weight measurements per child were obtained. Infant size (OR=1.28; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.46) and weight gain velocity (OR=1.30; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.48) were independently positively associated with wheezing. We found no evidence of an effect of <i>tempo</i> on infant wheezing. The estimates were changed only minimally after adjustment for potential confounders. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Faster growth and larger size in the first 18 months of life are both independently associated with an increased risk of wheezing. These findings suggest that early growth patterns play a role in shaping the occurrence of wheezing.
LORELEI: A Phase II randomized, double-blind study of neoadjuvant letrozole plus taselisib (GDC-0032) versus letrozole plus placebo in postmenopausal women with ER-positive/HER2-negative, early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: Cristina Saura, Evandro De Azambuja, Mafalda Oliveira, Peter Christian Dubsky, Dimitrios Zardavas, Christian Fesl, Aditya Bardia, Jesus Soberino, Monica N. Fornier, Katalin Boer, Vivian Ng, Jill O. Fredrickson, Thomas Stout, Stina Singel, Jerry Y. Hsu, Martine J. Piccart-Gebhart, Jose Baselga, Michael Gnant
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

TPS613 Background: Taselisib is an orally bioavailable, potent, selective inhibitor of Class I PI3-kinase (PI3K) alpha, gamma, and delta isoforms, with 30-fold less inhibition of the PI3K beta isoform relative to the alpha isoform showing enhanced activity against PIK3CA mutant cancer cell lines. Clinical data have demonstrated confirmed partial responses in patients with PIK3CA mutant breast cancer (BC) treated with single-agent taselisib. Enhanced antitumor activity has been noted when taselisib is combined with either letrozole or fulvestrant in preclinical and Phase Ib clinical studies. Methods: LORELEI is a Phase II, two-arm, randomized, double-blind, multicenter, study of neoadjuvant letrozole and taselisib versus letrozole and placebo in postmenopausal women with newly diagnosed ER+/HER2-, untreated, Stage I-III operable BC. Other eligibility criteria include tumor size ³ 2 cm by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ECOG PS 0-1, and evaluable tumor tissue for PIK3CAgenotyping. Patients treated with anti-diabetic drugs are not eligible. Patients are randomized (1:1) to receive continuous letrozole (2.5 mg) with either taselisib (4 mg on a 5 days on/ 2 days off schedule) or placebo for 16 weeks, followed by surgery. Stratification is based on tumor size and nodal status. The co-primary endpoints are overall objective response rate (ORR) by centrally assessed breast MRI via modified RECIST criteria and pathologic complete response (pCR) rate in breast and axilla at time of surgery in all randomized patients and PIK3CA mutant patients. Secondary endpoints include ORR by centrally-assessed MRI and pCR rate in PIK3CAwild-type patients. The sample size was calculated to detect an absolute percentage increase of 24% in ORR with 80% power at 16% 2-sided alpha and an absolute percentage increase of 18% in pCR rate with 80% power at 4% 2-sided alpha. An interim safety analysis has been conducted by an IDMC with the recommendation of continue the trial without modifications. As of 7 Jan 2016, 198 of the 330 patients have been enrolled, and global enrollment is ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02273973.