tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2821: Dietary lycopene and prostate cancer risk in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
Authors: Joanne Watters, Yikyung Park, Albert Hollenbeck, Arthur Schatzkin, Demetrius Albanes
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In the U.S., tomatoes and tomato products contribute almost all dietary intake of lycopene, a carotenoid with antioxidant properties. Some studies have shown reduced prostate cancer risk with diets high in lycopene or tomato-rich foods (e.g., pizza), yet others have not. Despite numerous investigations, there is no consensus concerning the relationship between lycopene and prostate cancer risk. We examined the relation between dietary lycopene and risk of prostate cancer within the National Institutes of Health (NIH)-AARP Diet and Health Study, a large prospective cohort investigation of dietary and environmental cancer risk factors among men aged 50-71 upon enrollment in 1995-1996 (n=292,482). Cox proportional hazards regression models with hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were adjusted for age, race, education, height, body mass index, physical activity, family history of prostate cancer, diabetes, prostate-specific antigen testing, digital rectal examination, total energy, α-tocopherol, calcium, α-linolenic acid, selenium, red meat, and fish. There were 15,229 nonadvanced and 1,889 advanced incident prostate cancers identified through 2003 and 510 fatal prostate cancers through 2005. The median intake of dietary lycopene was 2.5 mg/day in the lowest quintile and 14.9 mg/day in the highest quintile of intake. Total lycopene consumption was associated with a slight reduction in risk of nonadvanced prostate cancer (HR= 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88 − 0.99), but there was no association with advanced or fatal prostate cancers. Similar patterns were observed for total tomato consumption. No individual tomato-rich food affected nonadvanced prostate cancer risk. Pizza was associated with a 15% reduction in advanced prostate cancers (95% CI: 0.72 − 1.00) and a 33% reduction in fatal prostate cancers (95% CI: 0.47 − 0.96), whereas salsa consumption was associated with a 28% increase in advanced prostate cancers (95% CI: 1.10 − 1.48). Considering the overall null association between lycopene intake and advanced prostate cancer, it is possible other constituents in these foods may be affecting cancer risk; alternatively, these results for specific foods may be due to chance. Overall, these data suggest that dietary lycopene may be associated with minimal reductions in nonadvanced prostate cancer risk. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2821.
AB0521 Repeat Biopsy in Lupus Nephritis: A Single Center Analysis in Japan:
Authors: K.A. Tshilela, H. Ikeuchi, K. Hiromura, K. Moxhizuki, K. Kayakabe, N. Sakurai, T. Sakairi, Y. Kaneko, A. Maeshima, Y. Nojima
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Repeat renal biopsy is occasionally performed in lupus nephritis (LN) patients in case of flare or worsening renal function. However, limited data are available regarding the histological changes of LN at repeat biopsy, especially by ISN/RPS 2003 classification. <h3>Objectives</h3> In the present study, we sought to determine characteristics of patients who received repeat renal biopsy and to elucidate histological changes. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively analyzed LN patients with repeat renal biopsy among 150 biopsy-proven Japanese LN patients (19 males and 131 females with mean age of 36.8±13.8 years) at our department between 1976 and 2012. Renal histology was categorized by ISN/RPS 2003 classification. The chi-square test was used to compare the percentages between groups. <h3>Results</h3> Nineteen patients (6 males and 13 females with mean age of 31.5±10.2 years) received repeat renal biopsy. The mean intervals between initial and repeat biopsy was 6.4±2.6 years. The reasons for the repeat biopsy were flare of LN in 18 patients and persistent proteinuria despite treatment in 1 patient. Among 79 patients who had class IV or III/IV+V (mixed type) at initial biopsy, 16 patients (20.3%) received repeat biopsy, whereas only 3 patients (4.2%) underwent it among patients with class II, III, or V at initial biopsy (p=0.003). A repeat biopsy was more frequently performed in male (31.6%) than in female (10.3%, p=0.008). The histological changes who underwent repeat biopsy was shown in Table. The class switches were observed in 7 patients (37%). Six patients changed to mixed type, and 1 patent with mixed type transformed to class III. In addition, chronic lesions (A/C or C by ISN/RPS) were increased from 4 patients at initial biopsy to 12 patients in repeat biopsy (p=0.020). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Repeat biopsy was more frequently performed in male and in patients who had class IV or mixed type at initial biopsy. Approximately 40% patients showed class switches on repeat biopsy during a flare and most of them were a transition to mixed type. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4586
Abstract 1517: Retinoblastoma tumor development: Role of tumor-associated macrophages and their sub-type in LHBETATAG retinal tumor progression
Authors: Yolanda Pina, Christina Decatur, Samuel Houston, Nikesh Shah, Ludimila Cavalcante, Timothy Murray
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of the current study is to establish the distribution of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) during tumor development in a transgenic retinoblastoma mouse model, study the contribution of bone-marrow derived macrophages in these tumors, and assess the supportive role of TAMs in retinoblastoma tumor growth. Methods: Macrophage infiltration in transgenic retinoblastoma tumors was assessed by immunohistochemistry at different time points in tumorigenesis. To establish the origin of TAMs in transgenic retinoblastoma tumors, 107 bone marrow cells from green fluorescent protein (GFP) positive 16-week-old mice were transplanted into age-matched, irradiated LHBETATAG mice via tail vein injections. Macrophage depletion was performed by subconjuctival (SC) delivery of liposomal clodronate. Results: TAMs’ density increased from 4- to 12-weeks of age in mice with small to medium-sized tumors (p=0.037), and remained stable in the later stages of the disease (i.e., 16-week-old with large tumors; p=0.20). 38% of TAMs (2.5 ± 3.2 cells per 400X hpf) in 16-week old mice were GFP-positive, bone marrow-derived macrophages. Total TAM depletion was correlated with a significant decrease in the expression levels of MMP-9 (p=0.014) and mature vessels (p&amp;lt;0.001), and a nonsignificant decrease in the density of neovessels (p=0.94). The density of M2-polarized TAMs did not change significantly following TAM depletion (p=0.68). Following M1-polarized TAM depletion, the tumor burden increased (p=0.056). Conclusions: The current study expands our understanding of the complex role that macrophages play in retinoblastoma. Macrophage modulation in the tumor microenvironment is a critical factor in retinoblastoma tumor development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1517. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1517
HOW TO MAKE A DIAGNOSIS OF MICROVASCULAR DISEASE: THE DIAGNOSTIC POTENCY OF REST-STRESS MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
Authors: Takayuki Warisawa, Takeshi Nojo, Tatsuya Amano, Hiroto Yabushita, Yusuke Watanabe, Satoru Mitomo, Kenichi Karube, Takahiro Matsumoto, Tomohiko Sato, Toru Naganuma, Yusuke Fujino, Tsuyoshi Kobayashi, Kensuke Takagi, Hisaaki Ishiguro, Satoko Tahara, Naoyuki Kurita, Koji Hozawa, Shotaro Nakamura, Sunao Nakamura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Lead Exposure in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Isabelle Romieu, Marina Lacasana, Rob McConnell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

As a result of the rapid industrialization of Latin America and the Caribbean during the second half of this century, exposure to lead has become an increasingly important problem. To obtain an estimate of the magnitude of lead exposure in the region, we carried out a survey and a literature search on potential sources of lead exposure and on blood lead concentrations. Sixteen out of 18 Latin American and 2 out of 10 Caribbean countries responded to the survey. Lead in gasoline remains a major problem, although the lead content has decreased in many countries in the last few years. The impact of leaded fuel is more important in urban settings, given their high vehicular density. Seventy-five percent of the population of the region lives in urban areas, and children younger then 15 years of age, the most susceptible group, comprise 30% of the population. Other sources of lead exposure identified in the region included industrial emissions, battery recycling, paint and varnishes, and contaminated food and water. Lead is recognized as a priority problem by national authorities in 72% of the countries that responded to the survey, and in 50% of the countries some legislation exists to regulate the lead content in certain products. However, compliance is low. There is an urgent need for a broad-based coalition between policy makers, industry, workers, unions, health care providers, and the community to take actions to reduce environmental and occupational lead exposures in all the Latin American and Caribbean countries.
Abstract 1980: The SIAH2-SMAD2/3/4 antagonism downstream of the K-RAS and TGFβ signaling pathways during tumor initiation, progression and metastasis of human cancer
Authors: Yang Liao, Maryanne Edens, Ralf G. Janknecht, Edward B. Leof, Amy H. Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The pivotal roles of the K-RAS and TGFβ signaling pathways have been well characterized in a number of normal and pathological conditions including human cancer. Hyperactivation of the ERBB/KRAS pathway is known to drive neoplastic transformation, tumorigenesis and metastasis in a large percentage of human cancers while the growth inhibitory actions of TGFβ are critical in preventing cancer. A better understanding of the antagonistic interaction and cross-talk between the K-RAS and TGFβ signaling pathways that control tumorigenesis and metastasis may give rise to novel therapeutic interventions. Our previous work has highlight the importance of SIAH2 in K-RAS-dependent tumorigenesis and metastasis in human cancer. In this study, we showed that SMAD2/3/4 – the essential downstream mediators of TGFβ signaling, are new SIAH2 substrates. SIAH2 physically interacts with, ubiquitinates and degrades SMAD2/3/4 (but not SMAD1 – the downstream mediator of the BMP signaling pathway). The identification of the SIAH2-mediated SMAD2/3/4 modulation/degradation may provide an additional mechanism to explain the well documented, but less understood ERBB/K-RAS and TGFβ antagonism described in normal development, tumorigenesis and metastasis. We propose that the tumor promoting activity of RAS/SIAH2 may be mediated through the degradation of SMAD2/3/4 proteins and thus the relief of TGFβ-dependent growth inhibition in response to ERBB/K-RAS activation. The discovery of the SIAH2-SMAD2/3/4 antagonism downstream of K-RAS and TGFβ signaling pathways may provide a novel mode of antagonistic cross-talk between these two important signaling pathways to explain the growth inhibitory action of the TGFβ pathway and the growth-promoting activity of the K-RAS pathway in the genesis, progression and metastasis of human cancer. Since the substrate specificity of ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis is primarily determined by the E3 ligase, our results provide new insights into the role of altered proteolysis in mediating the context-dependent ERBB/RAS-TGFβ antagonism and cross-talk in human cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1980. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1980
Falsely Low Carboxyhemoglobin Level after Hydroxocobalamin Therapy
Authors: Zhanna Livshits, Daniel M. Lugassy, Lauren K. Shawn, Robert S. Hoffman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Interference in laboratory testing can cause substantial confusion in clinical care. In this letter, the potential for hydroxocobalamin to interfere with the detection of carbon monoxide poisoning is discussed.
Positive Response to Edrophonium in Patients with Neurotoxic Envenoming by Cobras (<i>Naja naja philippinensis</i>)
Authors: George Watt, R.D.G. Theakston, Curtis G. Hayes, Manuel L. Yambao, Ruperto Sangalang, Catherine P. Ranoa, Efleda Alquizalas, David A. Warrell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

To study the ability of anticholinesterase drugs to reverse the potentially fatal paralytic effects of cobra venom, we conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial of intravenous edrophonium (Tensilon) in 10 adults with neurotoxic envenoming caused by bites of the Philippine cobra (Naja naja philippinensis). There was significantly more improvement in ptosis and endurance of upward gaze after edrophonium than after placebo. Five minutes after injection, the mean difference (±SD) in the percentage of the iris that was uncovered was 39±5.47 (70 vs. 31 percent; P<0.01), and the mean difference in the number of seconds of upward gaze was 33.1±9.29 (39.7 vs. 6.6 seconds; P<0.01). The expiratory and inspiratory pressures, forced vital capacity, and ability to cough, speak, and swallow also improved after edrophonium. In both the patients who were studied electromyographically, pretreatment and postplacebo responses were typical of myasthenia gravis and became normal after edrophonium. We conclude that anticholinesterases are beneficial in the management of neurotoxic envenoming by Asian cobras (Naja naja), and we recommend a test of edrophonium in any patient with signs of neurotoxic envenoming after snakebite. (N Engl J Med 1986; 315:1444–8.)
Acute Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on Respiratory Admissions
Authors: RICHARD W. ATKINSON, H. ROSS ANDERSON, JORDI SUNYER, JON AYRES, MICHELA BACCINI, JUDITH M. VONK, AZZEDINE BOUMGHAR, FRANCESCO FORASTIERE, BERTIL FORSBERG, GIOTA TOULOUMI, JOEL SCHWARTZ, KLEA KATSOUYANNI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The APHEA 2 project investigated short-term health effects of particles in eight European cities. In each city associations between particles with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 10 μ m (PM10) and black smoke and daily counts of emergency hospital admissions for asthma (0–14 and 15–64 yr), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and all-respiratory disease (65 + yr) controlling for environmental factors and temporal patterns were investigated. Summary PM10 effect estimates (percentage change in mean number of daily admissions per 10 μ g/m3 increase) were asthma (0–14 yr) 1.2% (95% CI: 0.2, 2.3), asthma (15–64 yr) 1.1% (0.3, 1.8), and COPD plus asthma and all-respiratory (65 + yr) 1.0% (0.4, 1.5) and 0.9% (0.6, 1.3). The combined estimates for Black Smoke tended to be smaller and less precisely estimated than for PM10. Variability in the sizes of the PM10 effect estimates between cities was also investigated. In the 65 + groups PM10 estimates were positively associated with annual mean concentrations of ozone in the cities. For asthma admissions (0–14 yr) a number of city-specific factors, including smoking prevalence, explained some of their variability. This study confirms that particle concentrations in European cities are positively associated with increased numbers of admissions for respiratory diseases and that some of the variation in PM10 effect estimates between cities can be explained by city characteristics.
Abstract 1791: Tristetraprolin downregulates AHRR expression through mRNA destabilization.
Authors: Hyun Hee Lee, Won Tae Kim, Dong Hee Kim, Sun-Hee Leem
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor (AHRR) inhibits the transcription activity of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) by competing for dimerization with the AHR nuclear translocator (ARNT) and subsequently binding to XRE. Interestingly, the AHRR has two AU-rich elements (AREs) in its 3’UTR which relates to the post-transcriptional regulation by ARE-binding proteins including Tristetraprolin (TTP), BRF1, HuR and so on. In previous study, we determined that TTP plays a critical role in the decaying of VEGF, LATS2, cIAP2, COX2 and Pim-1 through binding these AREs in 3’ UTR. Methodology/principal Findings. We investigated the post-transcriptional regulation of the AHRR expression by TTP. Our results show that the expression level of AHRR is inversely correlated with TTP expression in human breast cancer cell lines using the real-time PCR and western blot. The overexpression of TTP decreased the expression level of AHRR and inhibited the proliferation of MDA-MB435 human breast cancer cells. On the contrary, the treatment with a small interfering RNA against TTP increased the expression of AHRR mRNA and protein. AHRR mRNA contains two AREs within the 3’UTR and TTP destabilized a luciferase mRNA containing AHRR ARE. Moreover, RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay revealed that TTP binds directly to the ARE of AHRR mRNA. Conclusions/Significance. These studies demonstrated that the TTP expression is inversely correlated with AHRR expression in several human breast cancer cell lines using the real-time PCR and western blot. We suggest that TTP acts as a negative regulator of the AHRR gene expression and it may have an effect on tumor development through inducing AHR activation and the expression of tumor suppressors containing XRE in human breast cancer cells. Citation Format: Hyun Hee Lee, Won Tae Kim, Dong Hee Kim, Sun-Hee Leem. Tristetraprolin downregulates AHRR expression through mRNA destabilization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1791. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1791
Clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection for nonampullary duodenal high-grade dysplasia and intramucosal carcinoma
Authors: D. Maruoka, M. Arai, T. Kishimoto, T. Matsumura, M. Inoue, T. Nakagawa, Y. Watanabe, T. Katsuno, T. Tsuyuguchi, F. Imazeki, O. Yokosuka
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of endoscopic resection of 26 sporadic (i. e., not associated with polyposis syndrome) nonampullary duodenal lesions representing high-grade dysplasia or intramucosal carcinoma (duodenal HGD/IMC) in 23 patients. No severe complications such as perforation were observed, but three cases of delayed bleeding were seen. The use of endoscopic clips significantly decreased the delayed bleeding rate (0 /19, 0 %) compared with cases in which clips were not used (3 /7, 42.9 %; <i>P</i> = 0.013, χ<sup>2</sup> test). Eighteen lesions (69.2 %) were removed by en bloc resection. The follow-up period after resection was 25.5 ± 23.3 months. Two lesions (7.7 %) that recurred locally were detected at the first surveillance endoscopy 3 months after resection. These lesions were 22 and 15 mm in size respectively and were resected piecemeal. Endoscopic resection is an effective and safe procedure for treating duodenal HGD/IMC. En bloc resection and prophylactic clip usage are encouraged.
Abstract P2-09-06: Meta-Analysis of the Decision Impact of the 21-Gene Breast Cancer Recurrence Score in Clinical Practice
Authors: J Hornberger, R Chien
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: The 21-gene Recurrence Score® (RS) is a clinically validated assay that predicts the likelihood of chemotherapy benefit and the risk of distant recurrence for individual patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+), early stage breast cancer (ESBC). The 21-gene RS is included in the published guidelines of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network and American Society of Clinical Oncology as an adjuvant-treatment decision tool. Recently, university-led studies have reported approximately 17-27% decision impact of 21-gene RS in actual practice. We reviewed the published literature and conducted a meta-analysis of the impact of the 21-gene breast cancer RS on treatment recommendations and decisions in clinical practice. Method: Published cohort studies that reported the change in the recommendation or actual use of adjuvant chemotherapy (CTX) before and after the RS were included. Patients must be identified as ER+, LN-ESBC. Outcomes evaluated were: treatment decision change from 1) CTX plus hormone therapy to hormone therapy only or 2) hormone therapy-only to CTX plus hormone therapy. Actual treatment change was used when available. Reductions in the relative and absolute CTX use associated with the 21-gene breast cancer RS were computed with Review Manager 5 Version 5.0.24. (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, the Cochrane Collaboration, 2008). Results: 7 published studies, with a total of 913 patients were included in the meta-analysis. 62% (566/913) of patients were recommended or received CTX prior to testing with the 21-gene RS. After RS testing, 29% percent (268/913) of patients were recommended or received CTX. The absolute reduction of CTX use associated with RS testing was 30% (95% CI [-40%, -21%]) The relative risk ratio is computed as a ratio, weighted by the sample size of each study, of (1) proportion of patients treated with CTX plus hormone therapy after 21-gene RS and (2) proportion of patients treated with CTX plus hormone therapy before 21-gene RS. The estimated relative ratio in CTX use before and after 21-gene assay is 49% (95% CI [41%, 58%]). One limitation of this analysis is the heterogeneity in the study designs of the published studies. Of the 7 available studies, 1 was a prospective physician survey; 6 were retrospective chart reviews. A second limitation of the study is in the consistency of reported outcomes. 4 studies reported the use of CTX after 21-gene breast cancer RS, whereas the remaining 3 reported the physicians’ treatment recommendations. Lastly, the meta-analysis does not capture the important benefit of the RS for patients who switch from no CTX to CTX when a high RS is obtained. Conclusion: The meta-analysis shows consistent overall reduction in AC with the adoption of the 21-gene breast cancer RS. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-06.