tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Planning for Sex, Marriage, Contraception, and Pregnancy
Authors: Alan L Graber, Barbara Christman, Frank H Boehm
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Authors Graber, Christman and Boehm contend careful planning for marriage, contraceptive use and pregnancy is warranted when a chronic health problem such as diabetes is evident. Prospective mates should be fully aware of the problems and management of diabetes. Diabetic women who wish to delay pregnancy should consider using an effective contraceptive. It is suggested that the lowest dosage of oral contraceptive pill be used with full understanding of adverse side effects and agreement to discontinue their use if complications arise. IUDs can also be effectively used by diabetics. Sterilization should be considered if the woman has a 20 year history of diabetes, is older than 35 years or has diabetic vascular complications. Sterilization for male diabetic or mates of diabetic women is another option. Planning in regard to pregnancy should begin in the middle teens if a woman is diabetic. Pregnancy should be delayed until the following criteria are met: 1) Both partners should fully understand diabetes and its management; 2) Diabetes should be under control prior to pregnancy since it is likely to be aggravated by pregnancy; 3) Women should reach ideal body weight prior to pregnancy; 4) Pregnancy should be delayed 1 year after diagnosis of diabetes; 5) There should be an acceptance of additional difficulties associated with pregnancy; 6) Understanding the effects of diabetes on infants is crucial; and 7) Spouses should accept the possibility of greater health problems with diabetic mates when planning a family.
A pilot study of biological markers (BM) as predictors for response and prognosis in patients (pts) with R0 resected gastric cancer (GC)
Authors: G. Li, Z. Zhang, X. Ma, W. Sheng, J. Zhu, G. Cai, G. Cai, M. Liu, W. Gu, J. Li
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22076 Background: To evaluate clinical value of biological markers and their prognostic significance in gastric cancer as well as prediction to clinic outcome; To select preference marker for targeted therapy in high risk patients hence to guide personalized treatment. Methods: Retrieved from total 394 patients treated during the period of Jan 2004 to June 2006 of Cancer Hospital, Fudan University with complete medical records and follow up data, 84 patients with pre- and post- operative biological markers examined were selected. All of these patients underwent R0 gastrectomy, 61 (72.6%) patients underwent D2 resection. Forty- one (48.8%) patients received ≥ 4 cycles adjuvant chemotherapy. Preoperative tumor markers include: CEA, AFP, CA199, CA50, CA72–4, CA24–2 and postoperative immunohistochemical examination include: Bax, Bcl-2, P27, CyclinD1, TOPO2, MDR, GST-π, Ki67, AgNOR, EGFR, P21, P53, PCNA, C-myc and Neu were analyzed. Univariate, multivariate and Logistic regression analysis were performed and Kapan-Meier estimates were calculated. Results: For the whole group, 2-year OS and PFS were 76% and 66% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed bcl-2, ki67, c-myc2 and Neu were relative with more nodal involvement. Patients with lower level of CEA, CA72–4 and higher level of cyclin D1 suivived longer than the other patients. There were different clinical significance with those biomarkers. Patients with lower level of cyclinD1, CEA had more local regional recurrence (p=0.026) while patients with higher PCNA experienced more distant metastasis (p=0.005). Univariate analysis showed that clinical staging, level of cyclinD1 and CEA were correlated with OS (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Biological markers may be helpful in predicting the clinical outcome and prognosis for R0 resected gastric cancer patients. Further study are needed to confirm their clinical significance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
P369Sortilin expression is essential for pro-nerve growth factor-induced apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells
Authors: A Orlandi, G Costanza, L Campagnolo, A Francesconi, I Moscatelli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Sortilin, a member of the Vps10p-domain receptor family, has been demonstrated a key regulator in mediating cellular response to pro-neurotrophins. In the present study, we investigated the role of sortilin in the apoptotic pathway of vascular smooth muscle cells.
Erythropoiesis in Familial Erythrocytosis
Authors: Bernard R. Greenberg, David W. Golde
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We found primary erythrocytosis in two male siblings with hematologically normal parents. To clarify the abnormalities in erythropoiesis, we studied erythropoietin production in the older sibling as well as in vivo and in vitro responses of bone marrow to various stimuli. His erythropoietin excretion after a 1000-ml phlebotomy increased by 0 to 11 units per day. In liquid-suspension culture, erythropoiesis was prominently augmented by erythropoietin and unstimulated erythropoiesis was greater and more prolonged than normal. Numbers of erythroid colonies rose in methylcellulose culture without exogenous erythropoietin, and cloning increased with added erythropoietin. Anti-erythropoietin antibody substantially decreased erythropoiesis in vitro. Increased bone-marrow erythropoiesis was also demonstrated in murine diffusion chambers. The principal abnormality in this familial erythrocytosis appears to be a greatly expanded erythropoietic precursor pool that is responsive to erythropoietin in vitro and in vivo. This abnormality is analogous to the functional erythropoietic defect in typical polycythemia vera.
LOCALIZATION OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (VT) ORIGIN BY FACTORIAL ANALYSIS AND PHASE MAPPING OF EQUILIBRIUM GATED NUCLEAR ANGIOGRAPHY (EGNA).
Authors: Laurent Philippe, Danielle Casset-Senon, Pierre Cosnay, Jean-Paul Fauchier, Roland Itti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Philippe, Laurent; Casset-Senon, Danielle; Cosnay, Pierre; Fauchier, Jean-Paul; Itti, Roland Author Information
Abstract 275: Enhancing the anticancer activity of pegylated interferon by dual specificity protein phsphatase 1 (DUSP1) silencing in hepatocellular carcinoma based replicon
Authors: Jung Eun Choi, Wonhee Hur, KawngSoo Lyoo, Sung Woo Hong, Sung Woo Kim, Yong Ki Lee, Seung Kew Yoon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Chronic hepatitis C infection is one of the important causes of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), or primary liver cancer, throughout the world. Worldwide, HCC causes over a million deaths per year (about 10% of all deaths in the adult age range), making it one of the most common malignancies in adults. Although pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) is a treatment for HCC among patients with HCV, non-responders remains a challenging issue. In this study, we investigated whether anticancer activity of IFN was enhanced after dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) silencing by regulation of HCV titer. To investigate anticancer activity of IFN by DUSP1, we silenced DUSP1 expression into HCC based replicon. The DUSP1 expression was determined using RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Next, the quantification of viral RNA was measured by real-time PCR. The activity of the proteins belonged to IFN-mediated signaling pathway was detected by Western blot analysis. The number of copies of viral RNA was more decreased in DUSP1 than negative control. Furthermore, the activity of ERK was enhanced through DUSP1 silencing under treatment of IFN. Taken together, these results showed that modulation of DUSP1 activity enhanced the anticancer activity of IFN. Our study suggested that DUSP1 may play an important role in resistance of IFN non-responder patients.This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (2011-0026332). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 275. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-275
Randomized phase III trial comparing adjuvant paclitaxel/gemcitabine/cisplatin (PGC) to observation in patients with resected invasive bladder cancer: Results of the Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group (SOGUG) 99/01 study.
Authors: L. G. Paz-Ares, E. Solsona, E. Esteban, A. Saez, J. Gonzalez-Larriba, A. Anton, M. Hevia, F. de la Rosa, V. Guillem, J. Bellmunt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

LBA4518 Background: Approximately half of patients with resected invasive bladder cancer will die within the first three years after surgery due to disease relapse, most of the recurrences being systemic. We have studied in a randomized phase III trial the role of 4 courses of the PGC triplet as compared to observation in this clinical setting. Methods: Eligibility criteria included: (1) resected high-risk muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (pT3-4 and/or pN+), (2) ECOG PS 0-1, (3) adequate renal function (CrCl &gt; 50 ml/min), (4) ≤ 8 weeks post-cystectomy, (5) no relevant co-morbidities, and (6) signed informed consent. Eligible patients were assigned to observation or 4 courses of PGC (P 80 mg/m 2 d1 and 8, G 1000 mg/m 2 d1 and 8 and C 70 mg/m 2 d1) q21 days. The primary objective was overall survival (OS). Results: The study was open in July 2000 and prematurely closed due to poor recruitment in July 2007, with 142 patients randomized (74 to observation and to 68 to PGC treatment). Baseline characteristics were well balanced among study arms. Median age was 63 yrs, pT3-4N0: 44%, anyTpN+:56%, PS 0: 59%, median time cystectomy-randomization: 48 days (14-91). In the PGC arm 76% of pts completed all 4 courses of therapy. Main Gr 3-4 toxicities were neutropenia 41%, febrile neutropenia 8%, thrombocytopenia 14%, anemia 5%, fatigue 14%, alopecia 10%, vomiting 8%, renal 5%. There was one toxic death (sepsis). At a median follow up of 30 months (range 1-95), 69 patients have died (45 in control arm and 24 in PGC arm). OS (ITT population) was significantly prolonged in the PCG arm (median NR; 5yr OS: 60%) compared to observation (median 26m; 5yr OS: 31%) (p&lt;0.0009). DFS (p&lt;0.0001), TTP (p&lt;0.0001) and disease specific survival (p&lt;0.0002) were also superior in the PGC arm. Conclusions: The results of this study strongly suggest that adjuvant PGC improves OS and DFS following cystectomy in high risk invasive bladder cancer. As the study was prematurely closed, the power for firm conclusions is however limited. [Table: see text]
Abstract P3-11-08: Incidence and Outcome of Male and Female Breast Cancer: A Multinational Population Based Study
Authors: H Miao, HM Verkooijen, KS Chia, E Pukkala, S Larønningen, L Mellemkjær, K Czene, M. Hartman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Male breast cancer is a rare disease as its incidence rate is about 0.5% to 1% of that of female breast cancer. Given its scarcity, few studies have assessed the risk and prognosis. Methods: We performed a multi-national population based study of 569,771 female breast cancer patients and 3,615 male breast cancer patients diagnosed in Denmark, Finland, Switzerland, Norway, Singapore and Sweden from 1943 to 2007. We calculated incidence and mortality as well as overall survival for both sexes. Life table analysis and Cox proportional hazard model were used to analyze the survival. Results: The overall incidence rates, adjusted to the World Standard Population, of breast cancer were 60.2 per 100,000 in women and 0.4 per 100,000 in men. Women were diagnosed with breast cancer at a younger median age (61.4 years) than men (68.9 years). Among the 203,093 patients (35%) with information on TNM stage, 50% of the women and 47% of men were classified as stage I whilst stage III and stage IV cases accounted for 11% and 20% for women and men respectively. The 5-year cumulative survival was 66.2% for women and 53.0% for men. The adjusted relative risk of death was 24% higher in men [HR 1.24 (95% CI, 1.19-1.28)] as compared to women after controlling for age and time at diagnosis. Men had an 18% higher relative risk of death [HR 1.18 (95% CI, 1.09-1.27)] compared to women after further adjustment for TNM stage. Conclusion: Male breast cancer patients have later onset and worse prognosis than female patients. This may be due to the difference in tumour characteristics and treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-11-08.
Acute Mesenteric Infarction Associated with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jia-Ming Wang, Shih-Chieh Chang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A 75-year-old woman with chronic atrial fibrillation presented to the hospital with a 2-day history of colicky abdominal pain. The physical examination revealed hypoactive bowel sounds and diffuse abdominal tenderness.
Abstract 3516: Combinations of chemotherapy with bevacizumab in a xenograft model of human ovarian carcinoma
Authors: Paolo Oliva, Alessandra Decio, Vittoria Castiglioni, Andrea Bassi, Dorina Belotti, Maria Rosa Bani, Raffaella Giavazzi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancy in women of the Western countries. The standard first-line therapy for this type of tumor is the combination of paclitaxel (PTX) and carboplatin. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) performs as an angiogenic and permeability factor in ovarian cancer, and its over-expression has been associated with poor prognosis. Inhibition of malignant ascites and tumor growth has been shown by blocking the VEGF/VEGFR pathway. Early clinical studies with bevacizumab, the monoclonal antibody directed against VEGF, have demonstrated efficacy in ovarian carcinoma patients as single and combined treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy in combination with bevacizumab given at different regimens in an in vivo model of human ovarian carcinoma xenograft. Nude mice were transplanted intraperitoneally with 1A9-luc ovarian carcinoma cells, over-expressing luciferase, that allows to monitor the tumor growth and dissemination in the peritoneal cavity of the mice by bioluminescence imaging analysis. Mice were treated with PTX (20 mg/kg) or cisplatin (DDP, 3 mg/kg) as single therapy or in combination; bevacizumab (150 µg/mouse) was given concurrently for 3 weeks and either continued after the suspension of chemotherapy (maintenance regimen) or stopped. Untreated mice developed heavy tumor burden in the peritoneal cavity with a median survival time (MST) of approximately 24 days. PTX or DDP given alone only marginally affected the survival of the mice. The addition of bevacizumab to PTX or DDP significantly improved the survival of the mice with an increased life span (ILS) of 117% and 75% respectively; this was ameliorated by the continuation of bevacizumab treatment after chemotherapy (ILS = 158% and ILS = 100% respectively). The combined administration of PTX and DDP plus bevacizumab further improved the survival of the mice (ILS&amp;gt;190%); most importantly, maintaining the treatment with bevacizumab (up to 90 days) after the suspension of chemotherapy resulted in tumor free mice. Monitoring the tumor burden by bioluminescence imaging analysis confirmed the different tumor response among the treatment groups. These findings show a benefit from the combination of PTX/DDP plus bevacizumab in ovarian carcinoma, and are in favor of the maintenance regimen with bevacizumab. Supported by AIRC and Fondazione Cariplo Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3516. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3516
The Characteristics of FDG PET/CT Imaging in Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Sarcoma
Authors: Yu-Wen Chen, Chin-Chuan Chang, Po-Nian Hou, Sin-Lin Yin, Yung-Chang Lai, Ming-Feng Hou
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 53-year-old man, who was a heavy smoker, presented with recent severe cough. Radiography demonstrated a large pulmonary mass in the right upper lung. FDG PET/CT demonstrated heterogeneous high-grade activity in the pulmonary mass located in the right upper lung (standardized uptake value of 20), with central necrosis, bilateral upper mediastinal lymphadenopathy, right supraclavicular lymphadenopathy, direct left sternal manubrium invasion, and distal bilateral peripheral lung metastasis. Histology revealed significant malignant cytologic features and CD1a- and S-100-positive cells by immunohistochemistry staining, typical for Langerhans cell sarcoma.
Improved Detection of Sentinel Lymph Nodes in SPECT/CT Images Acquired Using a Low- to Medium-Energy General-Purpose Collimator
Authors: Sadeghi Ramin, Zakavi Seyed Rasoul, Momennezhad Mehdi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran [email protected] Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared.
John Marshall's first description of surgical electrocautery
Authors: Richard J Motley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

In their introduction to the first description of surgical electrocautery, Ramachandran and Aronson1 refer to the work of Bovie and Cushing, but incorrectly describe this as electrocautery. Electrocautery is the application of an electrically-heated element to the skin – a variation on the use of thermally-heated implements for cautery – a process which dates back to Hippocrates.

Bovie and Cushing, however, were responsible for the popularization of ‘electrosurgery’ or ‘surgical diathermy’ – in which heat is generated within tissue by the passage of high frequency electrical current (the high frequency is necessary to avoid muscle stimulation). This was an altogether much greater achievement and should not be confused with electrocautery.

The potentially fatal consequences of exposure to low frequency (50–60Hz) alternating current were highlighted by Thomas Edison (1847–1931) who held a patent for direct current distribution and led a propaganda campaign against using alternating current. He became involved in the development of the electric chair as a means of execution and publicly electrocuted animals to demonstrate the dangers of alternating current. However, alternating current had the overwhelming advantage that it could be transformed and efficiently distributed over long distances, and it soon supplanted Edison's patented direct current system for national power distribution.
Genetic mutations in Turkish population with pulmonary embolism and deep venous thrombosis
Authors: Elif Kupeli, Hasibe Verdi, Abdullah Simsek, Fatma Belgin Atac, Fusun Oner Eyuboglu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is an universal health hazard throughout the world. Pulmonary embolism (PE) along with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is a major clinical manifestation of VTE and inherited and acquired risk factors increase the risk. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between factor V (G1691A, A1090G, and A1299G), prothrombin (PT G20210A), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T) mutations, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1 -675) polymorphism, and VTE in Turkish population. Between years 2005-2009, 80 Turkish patients diagnosed with PE and PE+DVT and 104 controls at our institution and agreeing to participate, were consecutively recruited in the study. Heterozygous factor V Leiden (FVL) mutation was significantly higher among patients (p =.04) with allele frequency of 6.3% (p =.01). Heterozygous PT G20210A mutation was also significantly higher among patients (p=.001) with allele frequency of 6.9% (p =.003). MTHFR 677TT genotype was significantly higher in patients (p =.009) with allele frequency of 23.8% (p =.005). No significant difference was found in FV A1090G and FV A1299G mutation rate as well as PAI-1 genotypes and their allele frequencies (p >.05). Thus, frequencies of FV G1691A, PT G20210A, and MTHFR C677T mutations are higher in patients with VTE. FV A1090G, FV A1299G mutations, and PAI-1 gene polymorphisms may not be a risk factor for VTE in Turkish population. However, further follow-up evaluation in larger, multi-center series is required to determine the role of these genetic mutations as a risk factor for VTE in Turkish population.
Polymer-free Drug-Coated Coronary Stents in Patients at High Bleeding Risk
Authors: Philip Urban, Ian T. Meredith, Alexandre Abizaid, Stuart J. Pocock, Didier Carrié, Christoph Naber, Janusz Lipiecki, Gert Richardt, Andres Iñiguez, Philippe Brunel, Mariano Valdes-Chavarri, Philippe Garot, Suneel Talwar, Jacques Berland, Mohamed Abdellaoui, Franz Eberli, Keith Oldroyd, Robaayah Zambahari, John Gregson, Samantha Greene, Hans-Peter Stoll, Marie-Claude Morice
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Patients at high risk for bleeding who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) often receive bare-metal stents followed by 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy. We studied a polymer-free and carrier-free drug-coated stent that transfers umirolimus (also known as biolimus A9), a highly lipophilic sirolimus analogue, into the vessel wall over a period of 1 month.In a randomized, double-blind trial, we compared the drug-coated stent with a very similar bare-metal stent in patients with a high risk of bleeding who underwent PCI. All patients received 1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy. The primary safety end point, tested for both noninferiority and superiority, was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis. The primary efficacy end point was clinically driven target-lesion revascularization.We enrolled 2466 patients. At 390 days, the primary safety end point had occurred in 112 patients (9.4%) in the drug-coated-stent group and in 154 patients (12.9%) in the bare-metal-stent group (risk difference, -3.6 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -6.1 to -1.0; hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.91; P<0.001 for noninferiority and P=0.005 for superiority). During the same time period, clinically driven target-lesion revascularization was needed in 59 patients (5.1%) in the drug-coated-stent group and in 113 patients (9.8%) in the bare-metal-stent group (risk difference, -4.8 percentage points; 95% CI, -6.9 to -2.6; hazard ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.69; P<0.001).Among patients at high risk for bleeding who underwent PCI, a polymer-free umirolimus-coated stent was superior to a bare-metal stent with respect to the primary safety and efficacy end points when used with a 1-month course of dual antiplatelet therapy. (Funded by Biosensors Europe; LEADERS FREE ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01623180.).
Hypoplastic Metatarsals — Beyond Cosmesis
Authors: Amita Sharma, Alfred J Phillips, Harald Jüppner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Hypoplastic metatarsals may signify underlying pseudohypoparathyroidism, even without other symptoms. This was the case in this patient, who had pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1b and in whom further symptoms developed.
California Registries Expand SEER's Minority Coverage
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article California Registries Expand SEER's Minority Coverage Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 1, 6 January 1993, Pages 11–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.1.11 Published: 06 January 1993