tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of adenovirus type 1 severe pneumonia in a French intensive care unit, September–October 2012
Authors: N Cassir, S Hraiech, A Nougairede, C Zandotti, P E Fournier, L Papazian
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

We herein describe and analyse the first outbreak of severe pneumonia caused by human adenovirus type1 (HAdV C type 1), which included immunocompetent patients in an intensive care unit (ICU) of Marseille, France, and occurred between September and October 2012. Seven successive patients were diagnosed by HAdV specific real-time polymerase chain reaction with a positive bronchoalveolar lavage. After the collection of nasopharyngeal swabs from healthcare workers, three nurses working night shifts tested positive for HAdV C including one that had exhibited respiratory signs while working one week before the outbreak. She was the most likely source of the outbreak. Our findings suggest that HAdV-1 could be considered as a possible cause of severe pneumonia even in immunocompetent patients with a potential to cause outbreaks in ICUs. HAdV rapid identification and typing is needed to curtail the spread of this pathogen. Reinforcing hand hygiene with antiseptics with demonstrated activity against non-enveloped viruses and ensuring that HCWs with febrile respiratory symptoms avoid direct patient contact are critical measures to prevent transmission of HAdV in healthcare settings.
S39 Migration and tuberculosis: the start of intelligent new entrants screening
Authors: M. E. Kruijshaar, M. Lipman, J. Moore, I. Abubakar
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3></h3> Tuberculosis (TB) remains a problem in the UK, and almost three-quarters of active TB cases occur in the non-UK born. Most of these are likely infected abroad and strategies to detect latent TB in this population are being considered. We investigated how soon after arrival into the UK certain groups developed TB and the implications of this for numbers needed to screen and treat. Numbers of migrants arriving in 2005 from the top 6 countries of origin (of TB cases) were obtained from the Labour Force Survey (LFS). National TB surveillance (ETS) provided information on active cases from these countries. Estimates of interferon γ release assay (IGRA) positive cases (20%–28%), IGRA sensitivity (84%), and efficacy (65%) and completeness (85%) of chemoprophylaxis were obtained from Pareek <i>et al.</i> (Lancet ID 2011). The Abstract S39 table 1 shows numbers needed to screen and treat to prevent one case of TB developing in the UK in the 5 years after arrival. Numbers were relatively low, especially for Bangladesh and Somalia. The Abstract S39 table 1 also shows time between diagnosis and entry into the UK, which varied between countries of the Indian Subcontinent and sub-Saharan Africa and changed over time. While 45% of cases born in India had been in the country more than 10 years prior to arrival in 2000–2004, this was 32% in 2005–2009. Conversely, 57% of cases born in Zimbabwe were diagnosed within 2 years of arrival in 2000–2004, decreasing to 15% in 2005–2009. The relatively low numbers needed to treat among migrants from these high burden countries provide support for new guidance to expand latent infection treatment. The observed trends and differences in time since entry reflect underlying migration patterns, with higher but decreasing levels of migration from sub-Saharan Africa and an established and ongoing migrant population from the Indian Subcontinent. A more detailed analysis of migration patterns and its impact on UK cases of TB is warranted.
Abstract 4196: Successful establishment of human rhabdomyosarcoma xenografts in a human-adapted mouse model
Authors: Guido Seitz, Matthias Pfeiffer, Steven W. Warmann, Rupert Handgretinger, Ivo Leuschner, Jörg Fuchs, Sorin Armeanu-Ebinger
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: The outcome of patients with advanced stage rhabdomyosarcoma is still sobering. Treatment results cannot be improved by conservative treatment options. Therefore, novel treatment approaches such as immunotherapy need to be evaluated in human-adapted animal models. The aim of this study was to develop a humanized mouse model of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma as a basis for studies of immunotherapeutic approaches. Methods: NOD/LtSz-scid IL2R gamma null mice were used for all experiments (n =14). Animals underwent subletal irradiation (1 × 300cGy). Afterwards, transplantation of human CD34+-cells (1.000.000 cells per animal i.v.) was carried out. Eight weeks after transplantation, subcutaneous xenotransplantation of human alveolar (Rh30) and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell lines was carried out. Engraftment of human cells was assessed in peripheral blood at day 21 and at day 55 of the experiment. Animals were sacrified and tumors were resected 93 days after CD34+-transplantation. Results: Successful engraftment of human cells with establishment of a human immune system was observed in 12 of 14 animals. B-cells and T-cells were mostly detected in the peripheral blood. There were only a few monocytes and nearly no NK-cells. Xenotransplantation of alveolar RMS resulting in subcutaneous tumor growth was feasible in 7 animals. Xenotransplantation of embryonal RMS was performed in 5 animals and led to tumor growth in 1 animal. Histological work up showed either alveolar or embryonal RMS cells with central necrosis. Conclusion: For the first time, we developed a xenotransplantation model of human rhabdomyosarcoma in a humanized mouse model. Establishment of subcutaneous tumor xenografts was more effective in alveolar subtype. This model will serve as basic research tool for further analysis of novel immunotherapeutic approaches in solid pediatric tumors. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4196.
AB1261 Changes in the ultrasound of joints of asymptomatic feet in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A controlled study
Authors: G.S. Petterle, J. Natour, K.R. Da Luz, F.S. Machado, M.F. Dos Santos, A.D.R.C. Fernandes, R.N.V. Furtado
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> About 90% of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have their feet affected during the course of the disease but its symptoms may be underestimated<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> 1) To compare ultrasound (US) of the joints of asymptomatic feet in patients with RA with control feet; 2) to evaluate in patients with RA:the relationship between the joint US in the feet with disease activity, function, goniometry and radiography. <h3>Methods</h3> Fifty healthy subjects and fifty with RA, all with asymptomatic feet, had their feet joints (talocrural, talocalcaneal, talonavicular, naviculocuneiform, calcaneocuboid, 5th tarsometatarsal and I – V MTP) evaluated by US (synovitis, Power Doppler (PD) and erosion) <sup>2,3</sup>, bilaterally (100 of each joint in each group – a total of 3600 joint recesses were evaluated). The following clinical assessment instruments were utilized: the DAS-28; HAQ and Foot Functional Index (FFI); goniometry and radiography. A 5% statistical significancewas considered. <h3>Results</h3> Higher measures were found in the RA group for synovitis (mm) in all joint recesses studied (p&lt;0.003); for the presence of synovitis (p&lt;0.035) (except the 5th tarsometatarsal and III MTP); for the presence of PD (p&lt;0.029) (talocalcaneal, talonavicular, I, II, III, IV MTFs); and for the presence of erosion (p&lt;0.003) (except in talocrural and talocalcaneal). The presence of synovitis, PD, and erosion were observed in the joint recesses of the RA and control groups, respectively: 18.3% and 3.05% (p&lt;0.001), 5.77% and 0.22% (p&lt;0.001) and 34.45% and 2.85% (p&lt;0.001). Higher values of DAS-28, HAQ and FFI were associated with the ultrasonographic findings in some joints (p&lt;0,046). The interobserver agreement analysis showed ICC ≤0.686 for semiquantitative synovitis; ≤0.641 for quantitat≤ive synovitis; ≤0.474 for semiquantitative PD; and ≤1.000 for semiquantitative erosion. Low rates of Kappa Coehn (0.084 to 0.400) were obtained from the correlation between radiography and US. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The joint US, even in asymptomatic feet of patients with RA, showed a much larger number of inflammatory changes in current activity(synovitis, PD) and sequela changes (erosion) compared to the control feet, with good to moderate interobserver agreement. <h3>References</h3> Vainio K. The rheumatoid foot: a clinical study with pathological and roentgenological comments. Ann Chir Gynaecol Fennn Suppl. 1956; 45(1):71-3. Riente L, Sedie AD, Iagnocco A, et al. Ultrasound imaging for the rheumatologist V. Ultrasonography of the ankle and foot. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2006; 24:493-498. Wakefield RJ, Balint PV, Szkudlarek M, et al. Proceedings from the OMERACT Special Interest Group for Musculoskeletal Ultrasound including definitions for ultrasonographic pathology. J Rheumatol. 2005; 32:2485-7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB1157 Biological therapy in patients with chronic juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis: Results of follow-up in a multidisciplinary unit:
Authors: I. Calvo, B. Lopez, A. Marco, S. Henriquez, Y. Rodriguez, J. Aviño, R. Martinez, M. Harto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis causes blindness in the paediatric age group. Between 20-35% of patients are refractory to treatment. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the response to the biological drugs used and to evaluate the changes that have been required to maintain remission. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a non-comparative retrospective study of a series of 42 patients with uveitis that is refractory to conventional treatment associated with JIA in which all patients have received biological therapy. The different clinical forms of JIA and ANA status are considered. The ophthalmological and joint controls in order to evaluate disease activity are in accordance with the clinical follow-up protocol in our Unit. The different biological drugs and the changes required will be used in order to maintain remission of the disease. <h3>Results</h3> Patients were divided by gender into 26 girls and 16 boys ranging from 3.8-9.2 years of age with a mean age of 10.2 years. Based on the form of JIA, 35.7% (15) were polyarticular, 28.5% (12) were oligoarticular, 7.1% (3) were extended oligoarticular, 14.2% (6) were arthritis-enthesitis, 9.5% (4) were psoriatic and 4.7% (2) were unclassified ANA-positive. 88% (37) of patients had a positive ANA. HLA-B27 was positive in 6 patients. Of the 42 patients, 14 were treated with Etanercept (ETN), with remission achieved in 7 (50%). 3 patients were treated with infliximab, with remission only achieved for up to 18-24 months. Of the 33 patients treated with Adalimumab, only 4 failed to achieve remission. Of the 4 patients with Abatacept, 3 remain in treatment. Two patients treated with tocilizumab have less than 3 months of treatment. 27 patients only required one biological agent, a second biological agent was required in 11 patients and 3 or more biologicals were required in 4 patients. Treatment was suspended due to remission in 9 patients. 2 of these had a confirmed new exacerbation in the 3 first months after discontinuing treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results coincide with the results provided in the literature in that Adalimumab is highly effective in our patient group with uveitis and that Etanercept achieved remission in 50% of patients. Consider both abatacept and tocilizumab as treatment alternatives for patients who are refractory to anti-TNF therapy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Cost-effectiveness of MRI compared to mammography for breast cancer screening in a high risk population
Authors: S. G. Moore, J. Tumeh, C. R. Flowers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6060 Background: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a sensitive method of breast imaging virtually uninfluenced by breast density. Because of the improved sensitivity, breast MRI is increasingly being used for detection of breast cancer among high risk young women. However, the specificity of breast MRI is variable and costs are high. The purpose of this study was to determine if breast MRI is a cost-effective approach for the detection of breast cancer among young women at high risk. Methods: A Markov model was created to compare annual breast cancer screening over 25 years with either breast MRI or mammography among young women at high risk. Data from published studies provided probabilities for the model including sensitivity and specificity of each screening strategy. Costs were based on Medicare reimbursement rates for hospital and physician services while medication costs were obtained from the Federal Supply Scale. Utilities from the literature were applied to each health outcome in the model including a disutility for the temporary health state following breast biopsy for a false positive test result. The analysis was performed from the payer perspective with results reported in 2005 U.S. dollars. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses addressed uncertainty in all model parameters. Results: Breast MRI provided 23.287 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) at a cost of $30,317 while mammography provided 23.141 QALYs at a cost of $7,895 over 25 years of screening. The cost-effectiveness ratios for the two strategies were $1302 and $341, respectively. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of breast MRI compared to mammography was $131,376/QALY. In univariate analysis, breast MRI screening became &lt;$50,000/QALY when the cost of the MRI was &lt;$405. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, MRI screening produced a net benefit of +0.146 QALYs (95% central range: -0.825 QALYs to +1.378 QALYs). However, breast MRI screening was superior in &lt;1%, &lt;$50,000/QALY in 27%, &gt;$50,000/QALY in 32%, and inferior in 41% of 10,000 probabilistic Monte Carlo simulations. Conclusions: Breast MRI provides a net benefit when compared to mammographic screening for high risk women, however, this approach does not appear to be cost-effective at this time. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Bilateral Breast Cancer: Analysis of Incidence, Characteristics and Outcome of the Disease.
Authors: E. Kheirelseid, H. Jumastapha, N. Miller, C. Curran, K. Sweeney, J. Newell, M. Kerin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Despite the widespread adoption of breast conservation therapy in breast cancer, there is a dramatic increase in the rate of bilateral mastectomy in USA. The aim of this study was to address the incidence of bilateral breast cancer (BBC) and to investigate its characteristics, survival and outcome compared to unilateral breast cancer.Methods: Data was acquired from the prospectively maintained NUI Galway breast cancer database between 1988 and 2008. BBC were then categorized as synchronous (within 12 months) or metachronous cancer (after 12 months of first tumour). SPSS was used for data analysis.Results: The incidence of bilateral breast cancer in our population was 4.4% (112 of 2524). Of those 2.1% were synchronous while 2.3% were metachronous. Compared to unilateral cases, bilateral cancer patients were younger (0=0.021) and had smaller size (p=0.001) and earlier stage (p&amp;lt;0.001) tumours at diagnosis. There were no differences in histological type (p=0.630) and grade (p=0.054)). While there was no significant difference in survival for patients with bilateral compared to unilateral tumour (p&amp;gt;0.05), the synchronous bilateral tumour was associated with poor overall survival (p=0.010) and disease free survival (p=0.013) in comparison to metachronous bilateral tumour.Conclusion: We observed significant differences in bilateral tumour characteristics compared to unilateral disease. Although bilateral synchronous tumour was associated with poor outcome and overall survival, patients with metachronous disease do as well as patients with unilateral tumour. The increasing practice of bilateral mastectomy is not supported by this large single centre experience. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5033.
Abstract 59: Effects of Cdc42 overexpression on the developing mammary gland
Authors: Kristi M. Bray, Melissa Hwang, Cord Brakebusch, Tracy Vargo-Gogola Vargo-Gogola
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Rho GTPase Cdc42 is overexpressed and hyperactivated in human breast cancer; however, its precise role during normal mammary gland (MG) development and the stochastic process of mammary tumor formation in vivo remains unknown. We, therefore, investigated the effects of Cdc42 knockout and overexpression during mammary morphogenesis using conditional mouse models. Previously, we demonstrated that loss of Cdc42 prevents primary mammary acinus formation in a three-dimensional (3D) in vitro culture system. Defects in proliferation, survival, and polarity contributed to the aberrant phenotype. Furthermore, preliminary studies using MMTV-cre mice to conditionally delete Cdc42 in ∼30% of mammary epithelial cells (MECs) in the developing MG suggest that Cdc42 knockout MECs are outcompeted by wildtype MECs in vivo. To investigate the effects of Cdc42 overexpression on MG development, and ultimately tumorigenesis, we generated tetracycline-regulatable Cdc42 overexpressing mice. Interestingly, Cdc42 overexpression results in aberrant terminal end bud (TEB) morphogenesis, increased ductal branching, and ductal dilation, suggesting that Cdc42 overexpression increases MEC proliferation and invasion and may cause defects in cell adhesion and tight junctions. Consistent with these data, Cdc42 overexpressing MECs give rise to dysmorphic, invasive acini in 3D culture assays. Taken together, these data demonstrate that Cdc42 is a key regulator of proliferation and tissue architecture in the developing MG and suggest that Cdc42 overexpression may contribute to tumor formation by disrupting these processes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 59. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-59
Abstract 803: HOXB7 functions as a co-activator of estrogen receptor in the development of tamoxifen resistance
Authors: Kideok Jin, Wei wen Teo, Takahiro Yoshida, Sunju Park, Saraswati Sukumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Multiple factors including long term treatment with tamoxifen are involved in the development of selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM)-resistance in ERα positive breast cancer. Increased expression of HER family members can also directly alter cellular responses to tamoxifen, but the mechanism underlying the increased expression of the HERs is not clear. In this report we show that HOXB7 interacts with ERα, and together they bind to the promoter or enhancer regions of ERα-regulated genes to enhance their transcription activity. We found a number of novel HOXB7 binding sites at promoter regions, intron regions and adjacent to ER-binding sites in ER-regulated genes through HOXB7 ChIP on chiP using an Affymetrix promoter array. Potentially, HOXB7 and ERα may co-regulate about 84% of ERα-target genes. HOXB7 overexpression renders MCF-7 cells resistant to tamoxifen. Overexpression of HOXB7 results in upregulation of HER2 and ERα target genes while knockdown of HOXB7 with siRNA in tamoxifen-resistant cell lines causes decrease of HER2 and ERα target genes expression and loss of tamoxifen resistance. Our data shows that to mediate upregulation of HER2 and ER-target genes occurring in tamoxifen resistance, the HOXB7-ERα complex recruits ERα coactivators and promotes HER2- and ER-target genes transcriptional activity through direct binding to the HER2 enhancer and regulatory regions of ER target genes. However, depletion of HOXB7 negatively affects the binding affinity of its cofactors to the HER2 enhancer element and ER-binding sites. Also, we found that miR196a might control HOXB7 expression; reducing miR196a levels in tamoxifen-resistant cells causes an increase of HOXB7 expression. Further, miRNA 196a is regulated by c-MYC which undergoes stabilization through the EGFR-HER2 signaling pathway. These findings implicate overexpression of HOXB7 as a key event in the initiation and maintenance of tamoxifen resistance. These studies suggest that HOXB7 acts as a key regulator orchestrating two major groups of target molecules, ERα and HER2, in the oncogene hierarchy. Therefore, we have provided additional evidence that supports the thesis that functional antagonism of HOXB7 has the potential to circumvent tamoxifen resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 803. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-803
Experts Debate PSA Screening For Prostate Cancer
Authors: John Bowersox
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Experts Debate PSA Screening For Prostate Cancer Get access John Bowersox John Bowersox Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 24, 16 December 1992, Pages 1856–1857, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.24.1856 Published: 16 December 1992
Analysis of Molecular Alterations for Predicting Clinical Benefit to Cetuximab Plus Chemotherapy in First-Line Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (MCRC)
Authors: Sastre Javier, Llovet Patricia, Sanz Julian, Bando Inmaculada, Ferrer Milagros, García Alfonso Pilar, Donnay Olga, Carrato Alfredo, Jimenez-Gordo Ana, Aranda Enrique, Leon Ana, Grávalos Cristina, Camara Juan Carlos, Feliu Jaime, Sanchiz Beatriz, Caldes Trinidad, Diaz-Rubio Eduardo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
THE EFFECT OF NOVEL HEMODYNAMIC INDICES OF PULMONARY VASCULAR DISEASE ON OUTCOMES AFTER CONTINUOUS-FLOW LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE
Authors: Edward Wilson Grandin, Jeremy Mazurek, Payman Zamani, Dawn Pedrotty, Esther Vorovich, Edo Birati, Sourin Banerji, Kenneth Margulies, Jesus Rame, Pavan Atluri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Association of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma with expression of the CD138/syndecan-1 antigen
Authors: G. Gaidano, A. Gloghini, V. Gattei, M.F. Rossi, A.M. Cilia, C. Godeas, M. Degan, T. Perin, V. Canzonieri, D. Aldinucci, G. Saglio, A. Carbone, A. Pinto
Journal: Blood (1997)