tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Strategies for the Management of Early-Stage Breast Cancer in Older Women
Authors: Lee S. Schwartzberg, Sarah L. Blair
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Older patients with breast cancer (aged ≥65 years) are often undertreated with both locoregional and systemic therapies and have been shown to have higher breast cancer-specific mortality. These patients are also excluded from most clinical trials; therefore, treatment recommendations are extrapolated from younger populations. The data that do exist, however, show that older patients usually tolerate and respond well to conventional treatments. When selecting treatments for breast cancer, age should not be the chief consideration; comorbidities and functional status are also important, as is life expectancy. For patients with an estimated survival of less than 5 years, aggressive treatment may be discouraged; however, if the estimated survival is 5 years or more, treatment according to recurrence risk is recommended. In the curative setting, undertreatment should be avoided.
A phase II, randomized, controlled trial of palifosfamide plus doxorubicin versus doxorubicin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (PICASSO).
Authors: C. F. Verschraegen, S. P. Chawla, M. M. Mita, C. W. Ryan, L. Blakely, V. L. Keedy, A. Santoro, J. Y. Buck, R. G. Maki, J. J. Lewis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10004 Background: Palifosfamide (ZIO-201) references a novel DNA cross-linking composition that comprises the functional active metabolite of ifosfamide (IFOS). It lacks the hemorrhagic cystitis and CNS toxicity of IFOS. Palifosfamide has broad activity in human sarcoma xenograft models and is active in IFOS-resistant xenografts. This study is a randomized Phase II trial evaluating safety and efficacy of the combination of palifosfamide + doxorubicin vs. doxorubicin alone in patients with metastatic/unresectable first- and second-line soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: Multicenter, multinational, stratified for age and histopathologic subtype. Patients may receive up to 6 cycles until progression or toxicity occurs. After 6 cycles, patients who meet protocol criteria may get palifosfamide. The primary end-point is progression-free survival (PFS); the secondary end-points are safety and survival. Results: A total of sixty-seven patients with STS were randomized with 66 treated and 62 eligible. Enrollment was stopped early because of positive efficacy. Randomization was well-balanced for age, histological subtype and line of therapy. Sixty-two patients were evaluated for PFS with 28 documented PFS events (doxorubicin alone = 18 events; palifosfamide + doxorubicin = 10 events). With this interim analysis based on all randomized and eligible patients, the hazard ratio is 0.43 favoring palifosfamide + doxorubicin (two-sided Wilcoxon-Gehan p-value = 0.019) Median PFS was 4.4 months for doxorubicin and 7.8 months for palifosfamide + doxorubicin. No significant difference in toxicities between the arms was noted, and the combination of palifosfamide + doxorubicin has been well- tolerated as an out patient treatment. Conclusions: The combination of palifosfamide + doxorubicin demonstrates an approximate doubling in PFS over doxorubicin alone. Palifosfamide is a well-tolerated, and active agent in STS. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration ZIOPHARM Oncology ZIOPHARM Oncology ZIOPHARM Oncology
Salvaging a malpositioned fully covered self-expanding metal stent for pancreatic fluid collection drainage
Authors: Sundeep Lakhtakia, Jahangeer Basha, Zaheer Nabi, Mohan Ramchandani, D. Reddy
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 44-year-old man presented with a large, symptomatic pancreatic fluid collection (PFC) 6 weeks after an episode of alcohol-related acute necrotizing pancreatitis. Imaging confirmed an area of walled-off necrosis (WON) measuring 15 × 12 mm and containing solid debris.
Dumbing Down
Authors: Harold W. Horowitz
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Which treatment for mantle-cell lymphoma patients in 1998?
Authors: B Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.3 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9440715 Which treatment for mantle-cell lymphoma patients in 1998? B CoiffierxB CoiffierSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.3 First Page PDF © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Defibrillator Implantation Early after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John W McEvoy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

During a mean follow-up of 37 months, 233 patients died: 116 patients in the ICD group and 117 patients in the control group.Overall mortality was not reduced in the ICD group (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.35; P = 0.78).There were fewer sudden cardiac deaths in the ICD group than in the control group (27 vs. 60; hazard ratio, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31 to 1.00; P = 0.049), but the number of nonsudden cardiac deaths was higher (68 vs. 39; hazard ratio, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.29 to 2.84; P = 0.001).Hazard ratios were similar among the three groups of patients categorized according to the enrollment criteria they met (criterion 1, criterion 2, or both). ConclusionsProphylactic ICD therapy did not reduce overall mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction and clinical features that placed them at increased risk.(ClinicalTrials.govnumber, NCT00157768.)
Abstract IA34: Clinical proof of concept for the first-in-class BCL-2-selective inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199)
Authors: Joel D. Leverson
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Many cancer cells maintain survival through over-expression of anti-apoptotic BCL-2 family proteins, which sequester high levels of their pro-apoptotic counterparts. While this makes BCL-2 proteins compelling targets for the development of cancer therapeutics, synthesizing small molecules capable of disrupting these protein-protein interactions has been a major challenge for the field. Structure-based drug design led to the discovery of navitoclax (ABT-263), a dual inhibitor of BCL-2 and BCL-XL. Navitoclax has shown promising activity in the clinic but its efficacy has been limited by thrombocytopenia caused by BCL-XL inhibition. To avoid this toxicity, we designed a BCL-2-selective inhibitor, venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199), that maintains efficacy in hematologic malignancies while sparing platelets. In this presentation, I will review the preclinical work that led to the discovery of venetoclax, the translational studies that have pointed to utility for venetoclax in a variety of cancers, and the results from ongoing clinical studies, in which venetoclax has demonstrated clear signs of activity. I will discuss what we have learned from multiple iterations of translational work between the bench and the bedside, and how we are using a toolkit of highly selective BCL-2 family inhibitors to parse the roles of BCL-2 family proteins in cancer cell survival. JDL is an AbbVie employee. The design, study conduct and financial support was provided by AbbVie and Genentech. AbbVie and Genentech participated in the data generation, interpretation of data, review and approval of this publication (A5107572). Citation Format: Joel D. Leverson. Clinical proof of concept for the first-in-class BCL-2-selective inhibitor venetoclax (ABT-199/GDC-0199). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA34.
Abstract PR09: Ovarian cancer prevention: is it time for population screening for BRCA mutations?
Authors: Ian G. Campbell, Gillian Mitchell, Alison Trainer, Paul James, Ella Thompson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The traditional model of familial ovarian cancer practice involves ascertaining high-risk individuals based on family history. However, most individuals who carry a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation will not have a family history of ovarian or other cancer in a close relative. Moving germline testing from the familial cancer center to the population will result in many essentially unanticipated findings of great significance in regards to the risk of ovarian cancer in healthy relatives. To date there have been no large studies that have directly measured the frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in a cancer-free general population. As a first step toward population based BRCA1 or BRCA2 screening, we sequenced the entire coding region of these genes in 1,997 cancer-free Australian women recruited from the lifepool study (www.lifepool.org) which is a cohort of women attending the Australian population based mammographic screening program. Sequencing data were filtered for known pathogenic or novel loss of function mutations. Thirteen individuals were identified with pathogenic mutations in either BRCA1 (4 mutations) or BRCA2 (9 mutations), which is consistent with previous indirect estimates for Caucasian populations but to our knowledge this is the largest direct assessment of their prevalence. Interestingly, the self-reported cancer family history of the majority of the 13 mutation positive women was unremarkable. All 13 women subsequently accepted an invitation to attend a Familial Cancer Centre and then proceeded to formal clinical genetic testing. A population carrier frequency of 0.65% for mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, coupled with the rapidly declining costs of gene panel sequencing, suggests that population-based screening for these genes will be a highly cost effective way of reducing the incidence of ovarian (and breast) cancer through preventative strategies. Citation Format: Ian G. Campbell, Gillian Mitchell, Alison Trainer, Paul James, Ella Thompson. Ovarian cancer prevention: is it time for population screening for BRCA mutations? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr PR09.
Association of Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, and Temperature With Neurological Outcome After Childhood Stroke
Authors: Kimberly N. Grelli, Melissa C. Gindville, C. Haley Walker, Lori C. Jordan
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

To our knowledge, no evidence-based guidelines are available for the best medical management of blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and temperature in pediatric patients after arterial ischemic stroke.To determine the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and temperature in pediatric patients with acute arterial ischemic stroke and to explore any association between these measures and neurological outcome.We performed a retrospective review of children aged 29 days to 18 years with their first arterial ischemic stroke between January 2009 and December 2013 at a tertiary academic children's hospital. Ninety-eight children with stroke were identified by an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code search and medical record review. Blood pressure, blood glucose, and temperature data were collected for 5 days after the stroke. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure at or above the 95th percentile for age, sex, and height for 2 consecutive recordings and 2 consecutive days. Hypotension was defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure below the fifth percentile for age, sex, and height for 2 consecutive recordings. Hyperglycemia was defined as a blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL or greater. Morbidity and mortality at 3 months were documented. Data analyses were performed from July 1, 2014, to December 31, 2015.Abnormal blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and fever in the setting of arterial ischemic stroke.The a priori outcome measure was poor clinical outcome, defined as a Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure score of 1 or greater, which represents a moderate neurological deficit.The median (interquartile range) age of the 98 children was 6.0 (0.6-14.3) years, and 58 (59.2%) were male. Hypertension was present in 64 (65.3%), hypotension in 67 (68.4%), hyperglycemia in 17 (18.1%), and fever in 37 (37.8%). The strongest association with poor neurological outcome was an infarct size of 4% or greater of brain volume (odds ratio, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.0-15.4; P = .001). Hyperglycemia was also independently associated with poor neurological outcome (odds ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.2-12.4; P = .02). Hypertension and fever were not significantly associated with infarct size, poor outcome, or death. Hypertension was not documented in 24 of 87 surviving children (27.6%) at 3-month follow-up and was not associated with poor neurological outcome.Abnormalities of blood pressure, blood glucose levels, and temperature are prevalent in children with arterial ischemic stroke. Infarct volume and hyperglycemia were associated with poor neurological outcome but hypertension and fever were not. Prospective studies that systematically record blood pressure, blood glucose, and temperature data are required to further assess the associations between these potentially modifiable physiological parameters and pediatric stroke outcome.
Depression
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Depression Aperson who feels sad all the time, has unexplained crying spells, or loses interest in usual activities may have major depression, a serious medical illness that should be distinguished from normal temporary feelings of sadness after a loss, such as the death of a relative or friend.Major depression affects 14 million persons in the United States each year.The June 18, 2003, issue of JAMA is a theme issue devoted to articles about depression.
Abstract A22: Cell growth regulation of gain-of-function mutant p53 via miRNAs on metabolic inhibition
Authors: Se-Young Jo, Hae-Min Moon, ChuHee Lee, Se Jin Jang, Young-Ah Suh
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract There is growing evidence that tumor cells depend on unique metabolism for their continued growth and survival, and that cancer cells are peculiarly addicted to the rapacious uptake of glucose and glutamine. Due to the gain-of-function, mutant p53 protein contributes to tumor metastasis and shortening the latency of tumor progression, and thereby activated K-ras/mutant p53 mouse is preferentially used as lung adenocarcinoma preclinical model. Epigenetic regulation through histone modification or miRNA also plays a pivotal role on gene regulation, as regarded as global epigenetic markers, especially in tumor related genes. Hence, chemical approaches targeting histone-modifying enzymes have emerged onto the main stage of anticancer drug discovery. Here, we have investigated the involvement of miRNAs in cell growth regulation upon the treatment of metabolic inhibitors. We have generated different genotypes of mouse tumor cells derived from activated mutant p53 and/or K-ras mutant mice. We have tested whether inhibitors regulating metabolism induce adverse effect on cell growth and changes of miRNA expression through microarray analysis, with the hint of enormous demands for nutrients in fast growing tumor cells. We then analyzed affected genes and miRNAs via quantitative RT-PCR to confirm the involvement of miRNAs on cell growth when tumor metabolic environment were damaged. Citation Format: Se-Young Jo, Hae-Min Moon, ChuHee Lee, Se Jin Jang, Young-Ah Suh. Cell growth regulation of gain-of-function mutant p53 via miRNAs on metabolic inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Sep 24-27, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A22.
Influence of surgical resection on adjuvant therapy and outcome.
Authors: M Benesch, C Urban
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.389 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9440770 Influence of surgical resection on adjuvant therapy and outcome. M BeneschxM BeneschSearch for articles by this author , C UrbanxC UrbanSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.389 PDF "Influence of surgical resection on adjuvant therapy and outcome.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(1), pp. 389–390© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Evaluation of Urinary Glycosaminoglycan Excretion in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Kemal Sarica, Kadir Türkölmez, Tarkan Soygür, Gökhan Özer, M. Önder Yaman, Sümer Baltaci, Yaşar Bedük, Y. Ziya Müftüoğlu
Journal: European Urology (1997)
In-season and out-of-season variation of rotavirus genotype distribution and age of infection across 12 European countries before the introduction of routine vaccination, 2007/08 to 2012/13
Authors: Daniel Hungerford, Roberto Vivancos
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

The EuroRotaNet surveillance network has conducted rotavirus genotype surveillance since 2007 in 16 European countries. Using epidemiological and microbiological data from 39,786 genotyped rotavirus-positive specimens collected between September 2007 and August 2013, we assessed genotype distribution and age distribution of rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) cases in and out of peak season in 12 countries which were yet to implement routine rotavirus vaccination. In multinomial multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for year, country and age, the odds of infection caused by genotype-constellation 2 DS-1-like stains (adjusted multinomial odds ratio (aM-OR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.37; p &lt; 0.001), mixed or untypable genotypes (aM-OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.40–1.72; p &lt; 0.001) and less common genotypes (aM-OR = 2.11; 95% CI:1.78–2.51; p &lt; 0.001) increased out of season relative to G1P[8]. Age varied significantly between seasons; the proportion of RVGE cases younger than 12 months in the United Kingdom increased from 34% in season to 39% out of season (aM-OR = 1.66; 95% CI: 1.20–2.30), and the proportion five years and older increased from 9% in season to 17% out of season (aM-OR = 2.53; 95% CI: 1.67–3.82). This study provides further understanding of the rotavirus ecology before vaccine introduction, which will help interpret epidemiological changes in countries introducing or expanding rotavirus vaccination programmes.
Immunotherapy of Cancer: Regression of Established Intradermal Tumors After Intralesional Injection of Mycobacterial Cell Walls Attached to Oil Droplets
Authors: Berton Zbar, Edgar Ribj, Thomas Meyer, Ichiro Azuma, Herbert J. Rapp
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Intralesional injection of Mycobacterium bovis (strain BCG) cell walls attached to mineral oil droplets caused regression of established tumors and prevented the growth of lymph node metastases in 55% of treated animals. The minimal effective dose of mycobacterial cell walls was 30 µg when injected in admixture with 1.4 µl of mineral oil and 0.8 µl Tween. Cells walls from M. bovis, M. tuberculosis, and M. kansasii possessed tumor-suppressive properties. Cell walls from M. smegmatis, Nocardia asteroides, and Corynebacterium parvum lacked these properties. Treatment of BCG cell walls with proteolytic enzymes, organic solvents, acid, or alkali decreased tumor-suppressive properties.
An Examination of Some Experimental Cancer Data in the Light of the One-Hit Theory of Infectivity Titrations
Authors: Armitage, P.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

Journal Article An Examination of Some Experimental Cancer Data in the Light of the One-Hit Theory of Infectivity Titrations Get access P. Armitage P. Armitage Medical Research Council Statistical Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 23, Issue 6, December 1959, Pages 1313–1330, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/23.6.1313 Published: 01 December 1959 Article history Received: 26 May 1959 Published: 01 December 1959
Abstract B1-45: Chr3q26 amplification and associated pathways is the key driver in squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Song Wu, Amit Aggarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The large scale characterization of molecular aberrations in cancer through efforts such as TCGA is resulting in better disease understanding as well as rational development of cancer therapies. Recently, in the pan-cancer analysis of TCGA data, Chr3q26 amplification was identified as the most frequent copy number amplification in over 5,000 samples across 12 cancer types (Ciriello et al. 2013). This aberration is more commonly seen in solid tumors of the squamous cells. In this study, we analyze three types of squamous cell carcinomas, Lung (N=494), Head&amp;Neck (N=306) and Cervical (N=192), which have high prevalence of Chr3q26 amplification. We provide insights into core genetic aberration signals relating to Chr3q26 amplicon by integrating gene mutation, mRNA expression and DNA copy number data. These include concordant co-activation of multiple pathways relating to development biology, receptor tyrosine kinases and cell cycle. The co-activation of multiple key oncogenic signals in tumors with Chr3q26 may suggest that the need of combinational therapies. We also show lack of pre-clinical models that reflect similar molecular characteristics, there by suggesting challenge in translating such findings. Importantly, we then developed a Chr3q26 amplification gene expression signature, which may help to stratify patients into subgroups with different response to adjuvant chemotherapy Citation Format: Song Wu, Amit Aggarwal. Chr3q26 amplification and associated pathways is the key driver in squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-45.