tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Role of Biosimilars
Authors: Andrew D. Zelenetz, Pamela S. Becker
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

As biologics go off-patent, the field of oncology is grappling with incorporating biosimilars. These are highly similar (but not generic versions of) biologic agents, and they are approved based on showing "near fingerprint identity" in structure and potency. Their introduction is expected to increase competition and lower treatment costs. The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Myeloid Growth Factors has incorporated the first biosimilar approved in the United States, filgrastim-sndz, into its recommendations. At the NCCN 21st Annual Conference, Andrew D. Zelenetz, MD, PhD, provided an overview of biosimilars, describing the process of their development and approval; Pamela S. Becker, MD, PhD, discussed the NCCN Guidelines recommendations for the use of filgrastim-sndz and of tbo-filgrastim, which was approved in the United States as a true biologic agent. The use of tbo-filgrastim can be somewhat confusing, as it does not have the same indications as the other growth factors.
Two outbreaks of measles in Germany 2005
Authors: A Siedler, A Tischer, A Mankertz, S Santibanez
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Measles re-emerged in some counties in Germany in 2005, despite increasing vaccination coverage rates in children at school entry in recent years, which had led to decreasing incidence (with the lowest incidence ever recorded, 0.2 cases per 100 000 inhabitants in 2004). Regional outbreaks have been detected by the mandatory reporting system in the states of Hesse and Bavaria. Although both outbreaks led to similar incidences in the affected areas (14 and 12 cases respectively per 100 000 inhabitants) they differed in age distribution, transmission patterns and measles virus genotype. In Hesse, 223 cases were submitted, from which 160 belonged to 41 clusters mainly defined by family or household contacts. Attack rate was highest in children aged between 1-4 years (102 cases per 100 000). Results of measles virus diagnosis showed genotype D4 and identical nucleotide sequences for all analysed cases from Hesse. In Bavaria, 279 cases were submitted, most of which had occurred in schools and preschool facilities. Age-specific attack rate was highest in children aged between 5-9 years (129 per 100 000). Laboratory diagnosed viruses were identified as genotype D6 and were identical at the nucleotide level. In both outbreaks the vast majority of cases (95% in Hesse and 98% in Bavaria) were in unvaccinated children, but vaccination coverage differed in the affected areas and was slightly lower in Bavaria than in Hesse. Local accumulation of unvaccinated children and their concentration in schools and kindergarten preceded the outbreak in Bavaria. Despite high average vaccination coverage levels, local variations may lead to regionally limited outbreaks.
New look in medicine.
Authors: A E CARDLE
Journal: BMJ (1968)

PointersCrohn's Disease: Folate deficiency frequent in patients with active disease, and folic acid therapy was beneficial in some cases.Success- ful treatment of the disease cures the deficiency (p.71).Surgery in Hypertension: Surgical treatment of renal artery stenosis improved blood pressure in 24 out of '27 patients assessed one year post- operatively (p.76).Vascular Disease In Diabetics: This was asso- ciated with reduction in acute hypoglycaemic effect of intravenous beef insulin in 51 insulin- dependent diabetics of long duration (p.81).Breast Cancer and Sex Change: Two trans- sexual individuals developed carcinoma of breast after a series of feminizing operations, culmina- uing in mammoplasty about five years previously (p.83).Methaemalb nae : Found in five patients presenting as acute abdominal emergencies, only two of whom had acute pancreatitis.Thus it is not a diagnostic criterion but differentiates haemorrhagic from oedematous variety (p.86).Checking Anticoagulant Therapy: Use of dried plasma standard should be limited to being an adjunct to standard thromboplastin for labora- tory control of anticoagulants (p.88).Psyche after Hysterectomy: Referrals to psychiatrist higher than incidence expected in group of women of similar age, occurred mostly within two years, and most frequent symptom was de- pression (p.91).Remissions In Leukaemia: Periodic-acid-Schiff sensitivity appears inversely related to rate of progression of lymphoblastic leukaemia (p.95).Case Reports: Uterine rupture caused by placenta percreta (p.97); Oral contraceptives and migraine (p.99); Unusual presentation of hypernephroma (p.100).Mandrax Polsoing: Intensive supportive therapy gives best results (p.101).Tricyclic Antidepressants: Clinical use (p.102).
Proximal Displacement of Biliary Stent with Distal Perforation and Impaction in the Pancreas
Authors: M B Jendresen, L B Svendsen
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Proximal migration of endoscopically inserted stents has an incidence of approximately 5 % [1]. Endoscopic retrieval may be difficult in cases with distal stent impaction or a biliary stricture distal to the migrated stent [2]. We describe an unusual case with both migration and perforation.
State of the science on prevention and screening to reduce melanoma incidence and mortality: The time is now
Authors: Mary K. Tripp, Meg Watson, Sophie J. Balk, Susan M. Swetter, Jeffrey E. Gershenwald
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2016)

ABSTRACT Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Although overall cancer incidence rates are decreasing, melanoma incidence rates continue to increase about 3% annually. Melanoma is a significant public health problem that exacts a substantial financial burden. Years of potential life lost from melanoma deaths contribute to the social, economic, and human toll of this disease. However, most cases are potentially preventable. Research has clearly established that exposure to ultraviolet radiation increases melanoma risk. Unprecedented antitumor activity and evolving survival benefit from novel targeted therapies and immunotherapies are now available for patients with unresectable and/or metastatic melanoma. Still, prevention (minimizing sun exposure that may result in tanned or sunburned skin and avoiding indoor tanning) and early detection (identifying lesions before they become invasive or at an earlier stage) have significant potential to reduce melanoma incidence and melanoma‐associated deaths. This article reviews the state of the science on prevention and early detection of melanoma and current areas of scientific uncertainty and ongoing debate. The US Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent Skin Cancer and US Preventive Services Task Force reviews on skin cancer have propelled a national discussion on melanoma prevention and screening that makes this an extraordinary and exciting time for diverse disciplines in multiple sectors—health care, government, education, business, advocacy, and community—to coordinate efforts and leverage existing knowledge to make major strides in reducing the public health burden of melanoma in the United States. CA Cancer J Clin 2016;66:460–480. © 2016 American Cancer Society .
Retrosternal Goiter Visualized on 99mTc Pertechnetate SPECT/CT, But Not on Planar Scintigraphy
Authors: Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Retrosternal goiter is one of the common causes of anterior mediastinal masses. Scintigraphic diagnosis of retrosternal goiter plays an important role in avoiding invasive diagnostic procedures, and SPECT acquisition may enhance the diagnostic sensitivity of this technique as compared with planar scintigraphy. Here, I report a case of retrosternal goiter that was demonstrated on SPECT/CT obtained with Tc pertechnetate, but not on planar scintigraphy with the same tracer.
THE FULMINATING TYPE OF CEREBROSPINAL FEVER: PATHOLOGY, AND CAUSE OF DEATH
Authors: P. W. Maclagan, W. E. Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1916)

CASES belonging to thle fulminating typo form one of the mnostdistressing features of cerebro-spinal fever.An apparently healthiy person.is suddenly attacked, anud dies -within forty-eighit hours from the onset of his illness.In' our series of asies-during the epidemic of 1914-16 :we noted a considerable number which may be classified underthis heading.We have-notes, including po8t-mortem records, of ten to twkdve of these cases, and in addition
Development of a Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) - Surface Enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) Assay for the Detection of <i>Salmonella Enterica</i> Serotype Enteritidis
Authors: Mohamed Shehata Draz, Xiaonan Lu
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

As a major foodborne pathogen, Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is increasingly rising as a global health concern.Here, we developed an integrated assay that combines loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for DNA detection of S. Enteritidis using specifically designed Raman active Au-nanoprobes.The target DNA was amplified by LAMP and then labeled with Au-nanoprobes comprised of gold nanoparticle-modified with specific cy5/DNA probes to allow the detection by SERS.The sensitivity of the developed LAMP-SERS detection assay (66 CFU/mL) was ~100-fold higher than the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.Significantly, this technique allowed highly specific detection of the target DNA of S. Enteritidis and could differentiate it from the DNA of closely related bacterial species or non-specific contamination, making it more accurate and reliable than the standard LAMP technique.The applicability of detection of S. Enteritidis in milk samples using LAMP-SERS assay was validated as well.In sum, the developed LAMP-SERS assay is highly specific and sensitive, and has the potential to be applied for rapid detection of different foodborne pathogens and other microbial contaminants.
Expansion Culture Of Hematopoietic Stem &amp; Progenitor Cells From Frozen-Thawed, Non-Enriched Human Umbilical Cord Blood In Animal Component– &amp; Serum–Free Medium Enhances Engraftment &amp; Reduces Graft-Versus-Host-Disease
Authors: Sudipto Bari, Pat PY Chu, Andrea Lim, Xiubo Fan, Gigi NC Chiu, William YK Hwang
Journal: Blood (2013)
Soundings: Looking down on Edinburgh
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2001)

From the state of the trees, the season is summer. From the shadows thrown by a couple of large gasometers, the time is clearly early afternoon. And from the way the waves are breaking on the beach at Cramond, the wind is in the north east.

The image appears also to be recent. A few hundred metres—or, if you prefer it, a few millimetres—from where I type this, there is a tiny line across a suburban road: a footbridge that was erected just about a year ago.

Edinburgh is looking good: a vast intricate study in grey and green. James Craig's New Town (c 1776), a formal composition of squares, terraces, circles, and crescents, is the centrepiece. To the south are the castle and the intricacies of the Old Town, and east of that the city's peculiar inner urban wilderness: the craggy, cliff-bound mass of Arthur's Seat.

South Edinburgh is memory lane as seen from space. There is the medical school and teaching hospital, and a grassy 18th century square where 30 years ago dozens of us lay around in the hot anxious weeks before finals, worrying, cheering each other up, and sometimes even revising.

Great buildings, designed to impress, are far less impressive from the sky. Holyrood palace is reduced to a quadrangle topped in rather a naff shade of pale blue; the castle to a jumble of roofs recognisable only by its location. And between them, and still not offering much more than the raw earth of a building site, is the new parliament. Already I worry about how it will look in satellite photography.

All over there are green spaces: woods, parks, playing fields, golf courses—with at least a dozen of the latter, from lowly Carricknowe to lofty Burgess. There is water too: dull brown ponds here and there; a river winding north and east to the sea; a single canal now going nowhere.

Around the edges, the green spaces are broader. The eye scans for familiar roads and journeys, then lights suddenly upon an oddity in the south east: a large, flat, grey, irregular, and truncated structure. One side is gently curved, and from it nine blank square apertures stare heavenwards. Has alien life finally landed? In Gilmerton?

Yes. Well, maybe. On balance, probably yes. It is our brave new £270m private finance initiative, the New Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and it will open for business next year.
Remarks on Some Points in the History of Antiseptic Surgery
Authors: None Lister
Journal: BMJ (1908)

It seems superfluous for me to write anything to you with referenc to your coming lectures.But perhaps in what I shall say, there may be here and there points which may Interest you.In treating surgical cases antiseptically I always endeavoured to avoid the direct action of the antiseptic subatance upon thetissues, so far as was consistent in -the existing state of knowledge with attaining the eseintial object of preventing the development of injurious microbes in the part conerned.In compound fracture, to which, in 1865, I first put in _,practice the antiseptic principle, I applied undiluted carbolic-a-cid freely to the itnured part, in order to destroy the septc-microbes already presentin It; regarding the causti,Jaction which I knew must occur, as a matter of -small moment compared with the tremendous.evil which It was sought to avoid.But when this had once been done, no further direct action of the antiseptic upon the
A combination of anti-CD3 and anti-CD7 ricin A-immunotoxins for the in vivo treatment of acute graft versus host disease
Authors: Ypke V. J. M. van Oosterhout, Liesbeth van Emst, Anton V. M. B. Schattenberg, Wil J. M. Tax, Dirk J. Ruiter, Hergen Spits, Fokke M. Nagengast, Roos Masereeuw, Sabine Evers, Theo de Witte, Frank W. M. B. Preijers
Journal: Blood (2000)
Fatal case of human rabies (Duvenhage virus) from a bat in Kenya: the Netherlands, December 2007
Authors: P PAM van Thiel, J AR van den Hoek, F Eftimov, R Tepaske, H J Zaaijer, L Spanjaard, H EL de Boer, G JJ van Doornum, M Schutten, A D Osterhaus, P A Kager
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

On 19 November 2007, a 34-year-old woman was admitted to the Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands with dysarthria, hypesthesia of both cheeks and unsteady gait, all of which started the day before. She had also experienced dizziness, nausea and general malaise since 16 November.
Fragile Corners
Authors: Richard O. Haight
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Metastasis Stimulation by Hypoxia and Acidosis-Induced Extracellular Lipid Uptake Is Mediated by Proteoglycan-Dependent Endocytosis
Authors: Julien A. Menard, Helena C. Christianson, Paulina Kucharzewska, Erika Bourseau-Guilmain, Katrin J. Svensson, Eva Lindqvist, Vineesh Indira Chandran, Lena Kjellén, Charlotte Welinder, Johan Bengzon, Maria C. Johansson, Mattias Belting
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Hypoxia and acidosis are inherent stress factors of the tumor microenvironment and have been linked to increased tumor aggressiveness and treatment resistance. Molecules involved in the adaptive mechanisms that drive stress-induced disease progression constitute interesting candidates of therapeutic intervention. Here, we provide evidence of a novel role of heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) in the adaptive response of tumor cells to hypoxia and acidosis through increased internalization of lipoproteins, resulting in a lipid-storing phenotype and enhanced tumor-forming capacity. Patient glioblastoma tumors and cells under hypoxic and acidic stress acquired a lipid droplet (LD)-loaded phenotype, and showed an increased recruitment of all major lipoproteins, HDL, LDL, and VLDL. Stress-induced LD accumulation was associated with increased spheroid-forming capacity during reoxygenation in vitro and lung metastatic potential in vivo On a mechanistic level, we found no apparent effect of hypoxia on HSPGs, whereas lipoprotein receptors (VLDLR and SR-B1) were transiently upregulated by hypoxia. Importantly, however, using pharmacologic and genetic approaches, we show that stress-mediated lipoprotein uptake is highly dependent on intact HSPG expression. The functional relevance of HSPG in the context of tumor cell stress was evidenced by HSPG-dependent lipoprotein cell signaling activation through the ERK/MAPK pathway and by reversal of the LD-loaded phenotype by targeting of HSPGs. We conclude that HSPGs may have an important role in the adaptive response to major stress factors of the tumor microenvironment, with functional consequences on tumor cell signaling and metastatic potential. Cancer Res; 76(16); 4828-40. ©2016 AACR.
Massive Fluid-Suspension Cultures of Certain Mammalian Tissue Cells. II. Glucose Utilization and Cell Proliferation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jay C. Bryant, Edward L. Schilling, Wilton R. Earle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Utilization of glucose by several established strains of mammalian cells in large, agitated, fluid-suspension cultures under conditions of continuous aeration and agitation has been studied, particularly during the logarithmic phase of growth. The rate of glucose utilization per million nuclei per day ranged from a maximum of 1.51 mg. to a minimum of 0.13 mg. Average rates of glucose utilization by cultures of established cell strains were: 0.86 mg. by human skin epithelial NCTC strain 1769, 0.56 mg. by mouse liver NCTC clone 1469, and 0.38 mg. by mouse fibroblast NCTC clone 929 (strain L). Comparable rates of use during slow growth were 0.71 mg. by 1 culture of high sarcoma-producing NCTC strain 1742, and 0.26 mg. by 1 culture of low sarcoma-producing NCTC strain 2049. The glucose utilization rate appeared to be a fairly constant characteristic of established cell strains when other conditions were uniform. Glucose was generally used at a higher rate during the initial lag phase than during the logarithmic phase; the rate was higher during the early stages of the logarithmic phase than during the later stages of that phase. These trends and the frequently observed simultaneous trend toward lower pH suggest that considerable utilization of lactic or keto acids occurs in the later stages of the logarithmic phase. In cultures of clone 929 cells receiving fresh fluid in thrice-weekly increments without removal of old fluid, a rapid decrease of glucose to exhaustion, in the medium, immediately preceded a sharp population decrease.
Staging of small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: S M Grunberg, T A Beaver
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.11.1561 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2414411 Staging of small-cell lung cancer. S M GrunbergxS M GrunbergSearch for articles by this author , T A BeaverxT A BeaverSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.11.1561 PDF "Staging of small-cell lung cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(11), pp. 1561–1562© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Conflicts associated with physicians' pregnancies
Authors: K Franco, C L Evans, A P Best, J P Zrull, G A Pizza
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors surveyed clinical faculty and residents in one medical school to assess perceived stress related to working with a pregnant colleague. The majority acknowledged stress to themselves and their departments yet indicated that pregnancy had a humanizing effect on the work environment. Although most felt that the pregnant physician maintained her professional interests and efficiency, one-third reported women of childbearing age to be a hiring risk. A higher percentage of faculty than residents favored special considerations for pregnant physicians. The authors explore age, sex, and departmental differences and suggest that pregnancy in a physician generates conflicts in her colleagues.
Posttraumatic adaptation and distress among adult burn survivors
Authors: R P Roca, R J Spence, A M Munster
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, natural history, and psychosocial impact of posttraumatic symptoms in adult burn survivors.Forty-three adult inpatients at a regional burn center were assessed at discharge with standardized instruments to determine the presence of psychiatric disorder, assess personality, and quantify depression. Thirty-one patients were evaluated 4 months after discharge.Posttraumatic stress disorder was diagnosed in 7% of patients at discharge and in over 22% of patients at follow-up. Symptoms of avoidance and emotional numbing (DSM-III-R criterion C symptoms) tended to emerge after discharge from the hospital. While posttraumatic symptoms were associated with symptoms of depression, they were not strongly associated with psychosocial adjustment to illness; psychosocial adjustment was more strongly related to aspects of personality, the injury itself, and its treatment.Since adult burn survivors often develop new symptoms of posttraumatic distress after leaving the hospital, longitudinal surveillance is required to detect new cases and provide appropriate treatment. Survivors at risk for poor psychosocial adjustment after discharge may be identifiable during hospitalization, and preventive treatment strategies should be developed and tested for this population.