tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Industry-Dermatologist Financial Relationship
Authors: Hao Feng, Paula Wu, Marie Leger
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Significant ties exist between clinicians and industry. Little is known about the characteristics of industry payments to dermatologists.To analyze the nature and extent of industry payments to dermatologists.This was a retrospective review using the publicly available Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Sunshine Act Open Payment database. Data were downloaded from the publically available CMS website under General Payment and Research Payment data sets. All payments to dermatologists from companies making products reimbursed by a government-run health program were reviewed.Mean, median, and range of payments made, including quantity and total sum of payments, per clinician. Total payments and number of transactions per category of payment, geographic region, and payment source were also assessed.A total of 8333 dermatologists received 208 613 payments totaling more than $34 million. The median total payment per dermatologist was $298 with an interquartile range of $99 to $844. The top 10% of dermatologists (n = 833) received more than $31.2 million, 90% of the total payments. The top 1% each (n = 83) received at least $93 622 and accounted for 44% of total payments. While 83% of payment entries were for food and beverage, they accounted for only 13% of total amount of payments. Speaker fees (31.7%), consulting fees (21.6%), and research payments (16.5%) comprised 69.8% of total payment amount. The top 15 companies were all pharmaceutical manufacturers and paid dermatologists $28.7 million, representing 81% of total disbursement.Dermatologists received substantial payments from the pharmaceutical industry. The nature and amount of payments varied widely. The impact of the data on patient care, physicians practice patterns, and patient perception of physicians is unclear.
Introducing The Arts and Medicine
Authors: Roxanne K. Young
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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Neonatal Mouse Bone Supports Growth Of Primary Myeloma Cells Ex Vivo and Assessment Of Responses To Antimyeloma Drugs
Authors: Attaya Suvannasankha, Douglas R Tompkins, Kateryna Petyaykina, Colin D. Crean, Keith W Condon, G. David David Roodman, John M Chirgwin
Journal: Blood (2013)
Prospective Longitudinal Analysis of 2-Hydroxyglutarate Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Identifies Broad Clinical Utility for the Management of Patients With <i>IDH</i>-Mutant Glioma
Authors: Changho Choi, Jack M. Raisanen, Sandeep K. Ganji, Song Zhang, Sarah S. McNeil, Zhongxu An, Akshay Madan, Kimmo J. Hatanpaa, Vamsidhara Vemireddy, Christie A. Sheppard, Dwight Oliver, Keith M. Hulsey, Vivek Tiwari, Tomoyuki Mashimo, James Battiste, Samuel Barnett, Christopher J. Madden, Toral R. Patel, Edward Pan, Craig R. Malloy, Bruce E. Mickey, Robert M. Bachoo, Elizabeth A. Maher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of the brain can detect 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG), the oncometabolite produced in neoplasms harboring a mutation in the gene coding for isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH). We conducted a prospective longitudinal imaging study to determine whether quantitative assessment of 2HG by MRS could serve as a noninvasive clinical imaging biomarker for IDH-mutated gliomas. Patients and Methods 2HG MRS was performed in 136 patients using point-resolved spectroscopy at 3 T in parallel with standard clinical magnetic resonance imaging and assessment. Data were analyzed in patient cohorts representing the major phases of the glioma clinical course and were further subgrouped by histology and treatment type to evaluate 2HG. Histologic correlations were performed. Results Quantitative 2HG MRS was technically and biologically reproducible. 2HG concentration > 1 mM could be reliably detected with high confidence. During the period of indolent disease, 2HG concentration varied by less than ± 1 mM, and it increased sharply with tumor progression. 2HG concentration was positively correlated with tumor cellularity and significantly differed between high- and lower-grade gliomas. In response to cytotoxic therapy, 2HG concentration decreased rapidly in 1p/19q codeleted oligodendrogliomas and with a slower time course in astrocytomas and mixed gliomas. The magnitude and time course of the decrease in 2HG concentration and magnitude of the decrease in tumor volume did not differ between oligodendrogliomas treated with temozolomide or carmustine. Criteria for 2HG MRS were established to make a presumptive molecular diagnosis of an IDH mutation in gliomas technically unable to undergo a surgical procedure. Conclusion 2HG concentration as measured by MRS was reproducible and reliably reflected the disease state. These data provide a basis for incorporating 2HG MRS into clinical management of IDH-mutated gliomas.
Hyaluronan and TLR4 promote surfactant-protein-C-positive alveolar progenitor cell renewal and prevent severe pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Authors: Jiurong Liang, Yanli Zhang, Ting Xie, Ningshan Liu, Huaiyong Chen, Yan Geng, Adrianne Kurkciyan, Jessica Monterrosa Mena, Barry R Stripp, Dianhua Jiang, Paul W Noble
Journal: Nature Medicine (2016)
Epidemiology, treatment outcome, and survival of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) in the United States: A period prevalence SEER database study 1973-2006.
Authors: A. M. Hossain, R. N. Rahman, G. Nagaiah, R. Altaha, S. C. Remick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5588 Background: ATC is a rare, undifferentiated solid tumor with dismal outcome. Contemporary systemic analyses of the epidemiology, outcome and survival of ATC are lacking. We examined the natural history ATC in the US in patients (pts.) diagnosed between 1973-2006. Methods: Using the SEER database including patients diagnosed with ATC between 1973-2006 we performedfrequency analysis on pt. demographics and treatment comparing Caucasian (USW), Hispanic, African-American (AA), and Asian Americans. Multivariate analyses and survival sessions (Kaplan-Meier, age-adjusted) were undertaken. Results: Atotal of 1,776 cases of ATC were reported in the database. ATC comprises 2.2% of all thyroid cancers; is more common in females (65% vs. 35%, p <0.001); with an incidence rate of 3 cases per million. Mean age at diagnosis is 62 yrs. but women were younger at diagnosis (60 vs. 67 yrs, p < 0.001). In 76% cases, the disease was present outside thyroid/neck at diagnosis. Only 24% of the cases were diagnosed with ATC confined to thyroid/neck area. Among male USW, 39% were diagnosed at age less than 50. This is a distinctive trend and unique to ATC among thyroid neoplasms. Comparable 1-year survival (28%) in different groups was observed. But 2-5-year survival was significantly higher in Asian (24%-17%) and Hispanics (24%-18%) than USW (19%-13%) and AA (19%-11%) (p=0.02-0.05). Survival improved considerably over time but more in Asians than others. Cox regression analysis showed that age at diagnosis, extent of ATC, marital status, and year of diagnosis were predictors of death. Relative risk (RR) of death increased when ATC extended outside thyroid/neck at diagnosis and older ages. Persons, who did not receive surgery, had significantly worse survival and higher RR. Conclusions: ATC is rare but more common in women; 76% cases had disease outside thyroid/neck at diagnosis. More USW male were diagnosed at age younger than 50, suggesting that the natural history of this disease is slowly changing. Survival improved considerably over time but remains poor. More studies are warranted to examine these epidemiological and survival trends. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Noninfectious complications in patients with pediatric-onset common variable immunodeficiency correlated with defects in somatic hypermutation but not in class-switch recombination
Authors: María Belén Almejún, Bárbara Carolina Campos, Virginia Patiño, Miguel Galicchio, Marta Zelazko, Matías Oleastro, Pablo Oppezzo, Silvia Danielian
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
The influence of F-18 FDG PET-CT fusion on radiotherapy treatment planning for head and neck cancer
Authors: M. Koshy, A. C. Paulino, R. Howell, D. Schuster, R. Halkar, L. Davis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5534 Background: We report on the influence of F-18 FDG PET-CT fusion on the management of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Materials and Methods: From July 2002 to Ocober 2003, 36 patients with intact primary HNC treated with radiation at the Emory Clinic received PET-CT fusion scans as part of treatment planning. Primary site location was oropharynx in 17, nasopharynx in 5, larynx in 4, paranasal sinuses in 3, oral cavity in 2, hypopharynx in 2, and unknown primary in 3. Mean age was 56 years and all were treated with IMRT technique. Three patients received neck dissections before chemoradiation. Platinum based chemotherapy was given concurrently with RT in 31 (86%). CT and FDG –PET scans were obtained for radiotherapy treatment planning. Based on CT simulation data alone, a CT-GTV and CT-PTV were generated . Image fusion between the FDG-PET data and CT images was then performed using manual segmentation based coregistration. Based on this fusion data, a separate PET-GTV and PET-PTV were generated. Results: A change in management occurred in 36%(13) of the patients based on PET-CT findings. PET-CT data upstaged 6 patients and downstaged 4 patients. In the upstaged patients, T (tumor) stage only increased in 1, N(nodal) status increased in 1, both T and N increased in 1 and metastasis was found in 3 . In the downstaged patients, N status decreased from N+ to N0 in 4. 5 patients initially presented with unknown primary and PET confirmed oropharyngeal primaries in 2 of these patients. PET data also detected the presence of a second head and neck primary in one patient and a second primary lung cancer in another patient. The average PET GTV (32cc) was significantly smaller than the average CT-GTV (67 cc) (p=.008) and therefore the PET -GTV was well included in the delineated PTV(based on CT-GTV). Conclusion: PET-CT fusion imaging has significant impact on staging, patient management and determination of the PTV and consequent radiotherapy treatment doses and volumes. In most cases of head and neck cancer, the PET-GTV was congruent with and significantly smaller than the CT-GTV and in some cases, this difference influenced the PTV. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Low-molecular-weight heparin and recurrent placenta-mediated pregnancy complications: a meta-analysis of individual patient data from randomised controlled trials
Authors: Marc A Rodger, Jean-Christophe Gris, Johanna I P de Vries, Ida Martinelli, Évelyne Rey, Ekkehard Schleussner, Saskia Middeldorp, Risto Kaaja, Nicole J Langlois, Timothy Ramsay, Ranjeeta Mallick, Shannon M Bates, Carolien N H Abheiden, Annalisa Perna, David Petroff, Paulien de Jong, Marion E van Hoorn, P Dick Bezemer, Alain D Mayhew
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Clinically significant delayed cardiac morbidity following ABVD chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma: A population-based study.
Authors: D. C. Hodgson, M. Pintilie, L. Yun, R. Tsang, E. Yu, J. Sussman, R. M. Meyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8059 Background: Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is standard treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Prior studies of cardiotoxicity after HL primarily reflect treatment with outdated chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone. Methods: We conducted a case-cohort study of 3,964 adult patients diagnosed with HL 1988-2003, identified from Ontario's cancer registry. Cardiac-related hospitalization (CH) after HL was the outcome, identified from a national registry. Treatment and risk factor data were abstracted for a random sample (N = 1,108 subcohort) plus additional patients in the source cohort who had CH. Competing risk models were used to identify risk factors and estimate the cumulative incidence of CH following HL. Expected rates were based on a general population cohort matched 6:1 with HL patients on sex, age, and neighbourhood. Results: Median F/U = 9.9 years (0.1-19 years). Median age at HL = 35 yrs. 40% of the subcohort received doxorubicin-based chemotherapy alone; 32% received doxorubicin+mediastinal RT. Significant predictors of post-HL CH were the presence of pre-existing heart disease (RR 4.88), diabetes (RR 4.33), elevated cholesterol (RR 3.91), hypertension (RR 2.34), male sex (RR 1.61), smoking (RR 1.30), obesity (RR 1.96), and increasing attained age (all p values <0.05). Among those with no prior heart disease (91% of patients), CH risk following treatment with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy+mediastinal RT was significantly higher than after doxorubicin-based chemotherapy alone, adjusting for other significant factors (HR=1.8, p=0.003). Findings were similar when analysis was restricted to ABVD specifically. For males treated at age 35 with ABVD alone or ABVD+mediastinal RT, the estimated 10-yr incidence of CH were 5.5% and 9.2% respectively, compared to 2.2% expected in the general population. For females age 35 at HL, these rates were 3.3% and 5.6%, compared to 1.3% expected. Conclusions: ABVD is associated with an increased risk of significant delayed cardiac morbidity in adults with HL. This risk is greater with the addition of mediastinal RT. These findings support the implementation clinical trial results that limit cardiotoxic exposures for these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Validation of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA 2 LEN) chamber for trials in allergy: Innovation of a mobile allergen exposure chamber
Authors: Torsten Zuberbier, Mark B. Abelson, Cezmi A. Akdis, Claus Bachert, Uwe Berger, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Georg Boelke, Jean Bousquet, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Thomas B. Casale, Marek Jutel, Marek L. Kowalski, Enzo Madonini, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Oliver Pfaar, Torsten Sehlinger, Karl-Christian Bergmann
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)

Field clinical trials of pollen allergy are affected by the impossibility of predicting and determining individual allergen exposure because of many factors (eg, pollen season, atmospheric variations, pollutants, and lifestyles). Environmental exposure chambers, delivering a fixed amount of allergen in a controlled environmental setting, can overcome these limitations. Environmental exposure chambers are currently already used in phase 2, 3, and even 4 trials. Unfortunately, few chambers exist in the world, and this makes it difficult to perform large, multicenter clinical trials. The new Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA2LEN) mobile exposure chamber is a step forward because the mobility of the chamber makes it convenient for patients to participate in clinical testing.This study was made to validate the reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity of the results obtained in the new GA2LEN chamber.Seventy-two adult patients (19-61 years old) with allergic rhinitis with or without asthma caused by grass pollen were included in different clinical validation tests. Total symptom scores and total nasal symptom scores were recorded at time zero (0) and every 10 minutes during exposures, along with nasal and respiratory parameters.Exposure tests confirmed the reproducibility between subsequent runs and the sensitivity (P < .00001 vs patients exposed to placebo) and specificity (very low score in nonallergic subjects) in the GA2LEN chamber. No adverse reactions were recorded during the tests.The mobility of the GA2LEN chamber provides a new, potentially effective, and safe way of generating reliable data in allergy multicenter clinical trials.
Timing of Surgery after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Sarah J. Gao, Christopher D. Corso, Elyn H. Wang, Justin D. Blasberg, Frank C. Detterbeck, Daniel J. Boffa, Roy H. Decker, Anthony W. Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Transmission between Archaic and Modern Human Ancestors during the Evolution of the Oncogenic Human Papillomavirus 16
Authors: Ville N. Pimenoff, Cristina Mendes de Oliveira, Ignacio G. Bravo
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Every human suffers through life a number of papillomaviruses (PVs) infections, most of them asymptomatic. A notable exception are persistent infections by Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16), the most oncogenic infectious agent for humans and responsible for most infection-driven anogenital cancers. Oncogenic potential is not homogeneous among HPV16 lineages, and genetic variation within HPV16 exhibits some geographic structure. However, an in-depth analysis of the HPV16 evolutionary history was still wanting. We have analyzed extant HPV16 diversity and compared the evolutionary and phylogeographical patterns of humans and of HPV16. We show that codivergence with modern humans explains at most 30% of the present viral geographical distribution. The most explanatory scenario suggests that ancestral HPV16 already infected ancestral human populations and that viral lineages co-diverged with the hosts in parallel with the split between archaic Neanderthal-Denisovans and ancestral modern human populations, generating the ancestral HPV16A and HPV16BCD viral lineages, respectively. We propose that after out-of-Africa migration of modern human ancestors, sexual transmission between human populations introduced HPV16A into modern human ancestor populations. We hypothesize that differential coevolution of HPV16 lineages with different but closely related ancestral human populations and subsequent host-switch events in parallel with introgression of archaic alleles into the genomes of modern human ancestors may be largely responsible for the present-day differential prevalence and association with cancers for HPV16 variants.
The chemotaxis study of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) to adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) cells.
Authors: Li Hua, Han Zhengxue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

e17000 Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) has some properties such as neurotropic, angiotropic and early metastasis, recurrence and metastasis is the leading cause of poor prognosis in sACC. The current theory is that the invasion and metastasis were related to tumor stem cells, and the stem cell microenvironment play an important role in this process. According to the stem cell theory, we hypothesized that normal tissue stem cells may also produce chemotactic migration to tumor stem cell microenvironment, therefore this research was to explore the possibility of adipose derived stem cells as a therapy vector targeted to the microenvironment of ACC. Methods: Conventionally culture ACC cells to logarithmic growth phase, then collected them and cultured in serum-free medium. After 48 h, the culture supernatant was collected, filtered and prewarmed, and then added to each well (24-well plate, the lower chamber of the transwell chamber), 600-800 ul for each. Using the same method, the culture supernatant of T293 cells were joined into the lower chamber as a control. Then, the transwell membrane was gently placed into the well, and 100 ~ 150μl suspension of adipose derived stem cells in the logarithmic growth phase (serum-free media) were added into the upper chamber. After cultured under routine conditions for 24 hours, the transwell chamber were removed , fixed and stained. Under bright field microscope, cells invasived and attached to the transwell membrane were observed and counted, results were statistically analyzed by student test. Results: Selecte five high-power microscopic field randomly, counted the number of adipose derived stem cells migrated to transwell membrane of different cell lines. Results showed that migrated cell number of SACC-LM group was 64.3 ± 7.6, the number of SACC-83 group was 52.3 ± 6.1, both higher than the T293 group (31.8 ± 6.3), and the difference between them was statistically significant (p &lt;0.05). Conclusions: Adipose derived stem cells have obvious chemotaxis to adenoid cystic carcinoma cell culture supernatants, so we can propose that adipose derived stem cells has the possibility and feasibiliy of being used as a targeted therapy vectors for ACC.
Abstract SY07-01: New targets in combination cancer immunotherapies
Authors: Mark J. Smyth
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy may become the treatment backbone in many cancers over the next decade. The demonstration that an intratumor TH1 immune polarity is prognostic of good clinical outcome and the recent success with co-immune checkpoint blockade in humans now sets the stage for rational tailoring of immunotherapies to treat specific cancer types. The recently approved anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody (mAb)(pembrolizumab) and other mAbs targeting PD-L1 have revolutionized the field. Pre-clinical data and combinations between anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab) and anti-PD-1 (Nivolumab) in advanced malignant melanoma demonstrate the anti-tumor potential and dangers of targeting more than one immune evasion pathway. There are four different types of tumor microenvironment based on the presence or absence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. This stratification may be an approach for rationally designing ideal combinations between various new immunotherapies and conventional cancer treatments. This seminar will discuss our recent work to determine which tumors are responsive to anti-PD-1 and what pathways are necessary for, or an impediment to, anti-PD-1 anti-tumor activity. Our efforts to pre-clinically examine two new target pathways including immune checkpoints CD96/TIGIT and the immune suppressive metabolite adenosine will be described. Their combination with anti-PD-1 therapies will be detailed. Further, the ability of some targeted therapies to act in part via host immunity has created opportunities to rationally combine these approaches with immunotherapy in humans. These and other pre-clinical studies of combinations that concurrently relieve Treg- and M2 macrophage-mediated immune suppression will be discussed. Mouse models for combination treatment sequencing in the context of adjuvant therapy and safety in relation to immune related adverse events will be presented. Citation Format: Mark J. Smyth. New targets in combination cancer immunotherapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr SY07-01. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-SY07-01
Structural Determinants for Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 3 Recruitment and Activation by the Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor (G-CSFR) at Phosphotyrosine Ligands 704 and 744.
Authors: David John Tweardy, Xu Xuejun, Naijie Jing, Huang Shao
Journal: Blood (2004)