tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The continuing evolution of ultrasocial economic organization
Authors: Joshua C. Farley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2016)

Abstract Ultrasociality, as expressed in agricultural, monetary, and fossil fuel economies, has spurred exponential growth in population and in resource use that now threaten civilization. These threats take the form of prisoner's dilemmas. Avoiding collapse requires more cooperative economic organization that must be informed by knowledge of human behavior and cultural evolution. The evolution of a cooperative information economy is one possibility.
Silica‐Coated Nonstoichiometric Nano Zn‐Ferrites for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Hyperthermia Treatment
Authors: Fabian H. L. Starsich, Georgios A. Sotiriou, Moritz C. Wurnig, Christian Eberhardt, Ann M. Hirt, Andreas Boss, Sotiris E. Pratsinis
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Large‐scale and reproducible synthesis of nanomaterials is highly sought out for successful translation into clinics. Flame aerosol technology with its proven capacity to manufacture high purity materials (e.g., light guides) up to kg h −1 is explored here for the preparation of highly magnetic, nonstoichiometric Zn‐ferrite (Zn 0.4 Fe 2.6 O 4 ) nanoparticles coated in situ with a nanothin SiO 2 layer. The focus is on their suitability as magnetic multifunctional theranostic agents analyzing their T 2 contrast enhancing capability for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their magnetic hyperthermia performance. The primary particle size is closely controlled from 5 to 35 nm evaluating its impact on magnetic properties, MRI relaxivity, and magnetic heating performance. Most importantly, the addition of Zn in the flame precursor solution facilitates the growth of spinel Zn‐ferrite crystals that exhibit superior magnetic properties over iron oxides typically made in flames. These properties result in strong MRI T 2 contrast agents as shown on a 4.7 T small animal MRI scanner and lead to a more efficient heating with alternating magnetic fields. Also, by injecting Zn 0.4 Fe 2.6 O 4 nanoparticle suspensions into pork tissue, MR‐images are acquired at clinically relevant concentrations. Furthermore, the nanothin SiO 2 shell facilitates functionalization with polymers, which improves the biocompatibility of the theranostic system.
Randomized Trial of Busulfan with Cyclophosphamide Versus Busulfan with Fludarabine As Preparative Regimen to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Study from the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto Midollo Osseo (GITMO)
Authors: Alessandro Rambaldi, Anna Grassi, Maria Caterina Micò, Alessandro Busca, Benedetto Bruno, Irene Cavattoni, Stella Santarone, Roberto Raimondi, Mauro Montanari, Giuseppe Milone, Patrizia Chiusolo, Giorgina Specchia, Stefano Guidi, Francesca Patriarca, Andrea Bacigalupo, Antonio M. Risitano, Giorgia Saporiti, Massimo Pini, Enrico Maria Pogliani, William Arcese, Giuseppe Marotta, Angelo Michele Carella, Arnon Nagler, Domenico Russo, Paolo Corradini, Emilio Paolo Alessandrino, Giovanni Fernando Torelli, Rosanna Scimè, Nicola Mordini, Elena Oldani, Arianna Masciulli, Rosa Maria Marfisi, Alberto Bosi
Journal: Blood (2014)
Colorectal Cancer and the Effect of Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening—Reply
Authors: Øyvind Holme, Magnus Loberg, Mette Kalager
Journal: JAMA (2014)

In Reply Dr Swartz is concerned because the effect estimates reported in our study were standardized by age group (classified as 50-54 vs 55-64 years) and because previously published articles from the Norwegian Colorectal Cancer Prevention (NORCCAP) trial did not standardize for age.
Ovarian Cancer Chemoresistance Relies on the Stem Cell Reprogramming Factor PBX1
Authors: Jin-Gyoung Jung, Ie-Ming Shih, Joon Tae Park, Emily Gerry, Tae Hoen Kim, Ayse Ayhan, Karen Handschuh, Ben Davidson, Amanda N. Fader, Licia Selleri, Tian-Li Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The evolution of chemoresistance is a fundamental characteristic of cancer that ultimately hampers its clinical management. However, it may be possible to improve patient outcomes significantly by a better understanding of resistance mechanisms, which cancers rely upon during the evolution to an untreatable state. Here we report an essential role of the stem cell reprogramming factor, PBX1, in mediating chemoresistance in ovarian carcinomas. In the clinical setting, high levels of PBX1 expression correlated with shorter survival in post-chemotherapy ovarian cancer patients. In tumor cells with low endogenous levels of PBX1, its enforced expression promoted cancer stem cell-like phenotypes, including most notably an increase in resistance to platinum-based therapy used most commonly for treating this disease. Conversely, silencing PBX1 in platinum-resistant cells that overexpressed PBX1 sensitized them to platinum treatment and reduced their stem-like properties. An analysis of published genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation data indicated that PBX1 binds directly to promoters of genes involved in stem cell maintenance and the response to tissue injury. We confirmed direct regulation of one of these genes, STAT3, demonstrating that the PBX1 binding motif at its promoter acted to positively regulate STAT3 transcription. We further demonstrated that a STAT3/JAK2 inhibitor could potently sensitize platinum-resistant cells to carboplatin and suppress their growth in vivo Our findings offer a mechanistic rationale to target the PBX1/STAT3 axis to antagonize a key mechanism of chemoresistance in ovarian cancers and possibly other human cancers. Cancer Res; 76(21); 6351-61. ©2016 AACR.
Continuing to confront COPD international physician survey
Authors: Zaurbek R. Aisanov, Kourtney J. Davis, Ken Gaalswyk, Mei-Lan Han, Masakazu Ichinose, Ana Menezes, Hana Muellerova, Yeon-Mok Oh, Thys van der Molen, David Maninno
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective : Few surveys have focused directly on physicians’ perspectives of treating COPD. This survey aimed to describe physician beliefs and behaviors related to COPD diagnosis and treatment, including knowledge of Revised GOLD 2011 Strategy, in 12 countries.   Methods : Sampled physicians were identified from in-country professional association databases. A total of 1,307 interviews (200 in US, approx. 100 in other countries) using standardized, translated questionnaires were conducted by telephone, face to face, or online from January to May 2013.   Results:  The total sample (N=1,307) comprised 72% primary care physicians, 21% respiratory specialists, and 7% allergists or geriatricians. Awareness of GOLD 2011 Strategy overall was 67% and heterogeneous by country (range: 34% in France to 94% in Italy). Reported methods for establishing a COPD diagnosis varied widely: 86% use spirometry (37% in Italy to 100% in UK and Russia), 79% use chest x-ray (24% in Italy to 98% in Russia), and 71% use patient-reported outcomes (46% in Japan to 94% in Brazil). Regular smoking cessation counselling was not universal (67% overall; 44% in Germany and Netherlands to 88% in Brazil). Differences were observed in perception of barriers to care; 49% and 46% of Mexican and US physicians, respectively, reported >50% of patients cannot access preferred treatments, in contrast to 0% to 15% reported by European physicians. Cost was the most common perceived barrier.   Conclusion : There is room for improvement in physician awareness and application of the GOLD 2011 Strategy. These results can inform the design of locally targeted education interventions to increase effective COPD management and improve patient outcomes globally.   Sponsored by GSK
Outcome of patients with pancreatic metastases from renal cell carcinoma: when the site matters
Authors: P. Grassi, L. Doucet, V. Grunwald, B. Melichar, L. Galli, U. De Giorgi, R. Sabbatini, C. Ortega, P. Giglione, M. Santoni, E. Verzoni, L. Derosa, H. Studentova, M. Pacifici, C. Maggi, F. de Braud, C. Porta, B. Escudier, G. Procopio
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Illumina Spin-off to Develop Early-Detection Test
Authors: Janet Colwell
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2016)

Abstract DNA-sequencing giant Illumina has formed a new company, called Grail, to develop liquid biopsies capable of spotting cancer before symptoms arise. The start-up is working on a low-cost “pan-cancer” test that can detect multiple cancer types early, which it hopes to introduce by 2019.
Abstract 16855: Left Ventricular Volumes, Stress, and Strain in Normal Children and Young Adults Measured by 3-Dimensional Echocardiography
Authors: Joseph D Kuebler, Meena Nathan, Gerald Marx, Steven Colan, David M Harrild
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: 3D echocardiography (3DE) is increasingly being used clinically to calculate ventricular volumes and function. Normal pediatric values of 3D LV volumes and strain are not well established; moreover, there are no reports of the stress-strain relationship (an index of contractility) based upon 3D technology in this cohort. Methods: 3D LV datasets were obtained as part of routine echocardiographic examinations in eligible pediatric patients (≤ 21 years of age) between January 2014 and March 2015. Included patients had structurally normal hearts. Exclusion criteria included non-cardiac disorders with a potential impact on ventricular function and family history of cardiomyopathy. Image acquisition was performed using the Philips IE33 with X3/5/7 probes. Strain (3D; circumferential, GCS; and longitudinal, GLS) was analyzed according to a commercial 3D speckle-tracking analysis package (4D LV Analysis 3.1; Tomtec). LV mid-wall global average stress was calculated from the 3D LV volumes and 2D cross-sectional area/long-axis dimensions. Results: 237 patients were included (age= 0.2 mo-21 y). The correlation between 3D and 2D LV mass and volumes was excellent (mass, R=0.94; end-diastolic volume, R=0.94; end-systolic volume, R=0.90; p&lt;0.001 for all). Mean+-SD strain values (%) were: 3D=-33.9±2.8; GCS=-28.0 ± 3.1; GLS=-20.7 ± 3.0; only GLS varied significantly with age (R=0.26; p&lt;0.001). Overall, 3D strain was inversely linearly related to wall stress (R=0.26; p&lt;0.001); the strongest relationship was present in patients from age 0-5 years (R=0.48; p&lt;0.01). When normalized to stress, absolute LV strain decreased with age (Figure 1: R=0.33; p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: 3DE may be used to calculate LV stress, strain, and volume parameters. Among strain parameters, age-related changes were seen only in GLS. Examination of the stress-strain relationship using these techniques may yield new insights into maturational changes in myocardial contractility.
Label-free fluorescence lifetime and second harmonic generation imaging microscopy improves quantification of experimental renal fibrosis
Authors: Suman Ranjit, Evgenia Dobrinskikh, John Montford, Alexander Dvornikov, Allison Lehman, David J. Orlicky, Raphael Nemenoff, Enrico Gratton, Moshe Levi, Seth Furgeson
Journal: Kidney International (2016)
Birth Weight and Type 2 Diabetes in Adults
Authors: Andreas Plagemann
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AO Surgery Reference: a comprehensive guide for management of fractures
Authors: Mithun Nambiar, Liam Richard West, Roger Bingham
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

Injury, fractures.

iOS (7.1 or later) and Android (2.1 or later).

Free.

AO Surgery Reference (AOSR) is produced by the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen) Foundation, which is an international organisation founded in Davos, Switzerland, that focuses on research and education regarding the management of orthopaedic injuries.

The app focuses on providing an overview of the management and follow-up protocols of fractures once they have been radiologically diagnosed, while also providing an overview of interim management strategies and potential complications following site-specific trauma. The interface allows the user to navigate by selecting the relevant body area, then selecting a diagnosis, based on the AO/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) classification of fractures1 with a pictorial depiction of the fracture pattern. The app allows the user to select for non-operative or operative management, also providing information about …
Abstract 5262: Specific mtDNA variants and colorectal adenopolyps
Authors: LaShanale M. Wallace, Sharifeh Mehrabi, Xuebiao Yao, Felix O. Aikhionbare
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The clinical frequency of colorectal cancer occurrence increase in adenomas with a predominant villous histopathology: tubular (5%), tubulovillous (22%) and villous (40%). Adenoma may develop throughout the gastrointerestinal tract with coarse lobulations formed by branching tubular glands whose lumens open on the surface which are rare in most patient gastrointerestinal tract areas other than the colorectum. The adenoma-carcinoma sequence is clinically associated in patients with polyposis and ulcerative colitis since their predilection for developing carcinoma in adenomatous epithelium is greatly increased. This study focused on COX, ATPase, rRNA, Cytb and ND genes of the mitochondrial genome that have been associated as modifying risks of cancer. Using PCR-based sequence and High resolution restriction endonuclease, we investigated the potential role of mtDNA alterations in colorectal adenopolyps (Tubular, Tubulovillous, and Villous) and carcinoma. Fifty-eight primary tissues of colorectal adenopolyps, carcinoma and their matched normal controls were used in this study. Twenty-two variants were observed and most of these variants were germline and homoplasmic transitions. Unreported germline variants Cytb-A14782T (90%) and MT-ATPase 8 A9169C (75%) were associated with tubular adenomas. Also, MT-ATPase 6- variant T8994A (85%) was associated with tubulovillous adenomas. Moreover, in the highly conservative region of rRNA, variant T1738C was found in colorectal carcinoma only. Results suggest that some specific mtDNA variants may exert their effects on colorectal adenopolyps to gain a proliferative advantage in patients bearing CRC. Citation Format: LaShanale M. Wallace, Sharifeh Mehrabi, Xuebiao Yao, Felix O. Aikhionbare. Specific mtDNA variants and colorectal adenopolyps. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5262. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5262
GPs test value of adding dementia item to midlife health check
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Public Health England is looking at the feasibility and potential benefits of including a dementia component in the midlife NHS Health Check, in pilot schemes at general practices in four areas of England.

Adults in England aged 40-74 are offered an NHS Health Check every five years to assess their risk of future ill health and to raise awareness of lifestyle changes that can lower that risk. The focus of the midlife check for people aged 40-64 is on the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, but the check for people aged 65-74 also contains a dementia component, which aims to increase awareness of dementia risk in this group and …
Inverse Correlation of NM23 Expression with Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor EDG2/lpa1 Expression of Human Leukemia Cells during Myeloid Differentiation Induced by All-Trans Retinoic Acid
Authors: Junko Okabe-Kado, Takashi Kasukabe, Yoshio Honma, Yasuhiko Kaneko
Journal: Blood (2008)
Defining the Impact of Tandem Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma: A Case-Match Analysis in the Total Therapy Trials
Authors: Sharmilan Thanendrarajan, Caleb K. Stein, Faith E Davies, Frits van Rhee, Maurizio Zangari, Christoph Heuck, Carolina Schinke, Sarah Waheed, Yogesh Jethava, Niels Weinhold, Aasiya Matin, Pankaj Mathur, Meera Mohan, Muthukumar Radhakrishnan, Bart Barlogie, Gareth J Morgan
Journal: Blood (2015)
Screening for Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Aaron I. Vinik
Journal: JAMA (2009)

To the Editor: Dr Young and colleagues1 reported the lack of utility of MPI for predicting myocardial events in the DIAD study. However, the article contained information that suggests a simpler and possibly more effective means of predicting cardiovascular events.
Circulating endothelial cells and progenitors in recurrent high-grade gliomas treated with bevacizumab and irinotecan.
Authors: M. Eoli, A. Calleri, L. Cuppini, E. Anghileri, S. Pellegatta, E. Prodi, M. G. Bruzzone, F. Bertolini, G. Finocchiaro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

2044 Background: Bevacizumab (Bev), a monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), has shown significant activity in a subset of patients with high grade gliomas (HGG): to date no biological marker can predict the treatment benefit. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC) and progenitors (CEP) have been observed in cancer patients, reflecting ongoing tumor angiogenesis. Methods: Forty-seven HGG patients (38 glioblastoma, GB; 9 anaplastic astrocytomas), relapsing after radiotherapy and temozolomide, were treated every 2 weeks with Bev (10 mg/kg) and irinotecan (125 or 340 mg/m2 depending on EIAEDs use). Adverse events were graded based on the CTC-AE v3.0. Before first treatment and every 8 weeks MRI and CEC and CEP assessment were performed. Radiological responses were assessed based on RANO criteria. CEC and CEP were enumerated in healthy controls (n=37) and patients by six color flow cytometry as Syto+CD45-CD31+/P1h12+ and Syto+CD45-CD31+/CD133+ cells, respectively. The Kaplan Meier method estimated survival functions. Results: Median age was 53 years (15-66), median Karnofsky Performance Status 70 (50-100). Median number of prior chemotherapy treatments: 2 (1-4). Median follow up: 6.5 months. Median PFS and OS were 6 and 10 months, respectively. For GB, 6M-PFS was 47% and 6M-OS 68%. No central nervous system hemorrhages were detected. No patients developed grade 3-4 hematological toxicity. One patient experienced a small intralesional bleeding. When compared to controls, HGG patients had a significantly lower CEC and CEP at baseline (88.5± 50 vs 140± 171,p=0.03; 73.9 ± 62.3 vs 181± 167 p=0.001), but higher CD109+ CEC levels (91.5±78.3 vs 31±29). Interestingly, patients with higher baseline level of CEC, CEP and CD109+ CEC showed clinical benefit (i.e. PFS≥4 months): 118.8 ± 57.4 vs 80.8±43.2, p=0.002; 99.7±74d vs 60.4±51.7, p=0.04; 126.8±97.1 vs 76.3±64, p=0.002. No correlation between baseline tumor volume, 6M-PFS and CEC or CEP enumeration was found. Conclusions: Investigation on CEC and CEP could contribute to a better understanding of the action of Bev in HGG patients and help to identify responders.
Quantitative analysis of PML-RARα in newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia patients treated with arsenic trioxide as a front-line therapy
Authors: S. H. Ghaffari, S. Rostami, D. Bashash, K. Alimoghaddam, A. Ghavamzadeh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6571 Background: Recently, patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have experienced significant clinical gains after treatment with arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ). However, the potential role for use of this agent as a front-line therapy for newly diagnosed patients is unclear. Methods: From 95 patients with APL, 85 patients who achieved complete remission (CR) were sequentially evaluated during 4–60 months period of follow-up by conventional RT-PCR. A total of 30 patients (6 relapsed and 24 in continued long remission) were selected and monitored by quantitative real-time PCR (RQ-PCR) assay. Using ‘Hybridization Probes‘ technology, the expression of PML-RARα/G6PDH transcript ratio was analyzed in serial PB samples taken at different courses of disease and the results were compared with the clinical outcome. Results: More than 90% of patients obtained molecular remission, as determined by conventional RT-PCR in 1–3 months after start of arsenic therapy. RQ-PCR analyses showed a rapid rate of clearance of PML-RARα/G6PDH transcript level during the courses of arsenic therapy. In majority of the patients in CR the level of PML-RARα/ G6PDH ratio was always below 5×10 2 in PB samples. In all the relapsed cases with follow-up intervals of 1–6 months (median 3) clinical relapse was predictable by increasing transcript level above this threshold. Conclusions: Using a sensitive and quantitative method provided valuable information about effectiveness of arsenic as a front-line therapy in the management of newly diagnosed APL. Our study highlights the usefulness of PB and the definition of threshold level for early prediction of relapse. The threshold level correlates well with relapse risk; therefore, transcript ratio below the level should be regarded as a goal in the clinical management of this disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Clofarabine Containing Conditioning Regimen for Allo-SCT in AML/ALL Patients: A Survey From the Acute Leukemia Working Party of EBMT
Authors: Patrice Chevallier, Myriam Labopin, Stefanie Buchholz, Arnold Ganser, Fabio Ciceri, Bruno Lioure, Christoph Faul, Gaelle Guillerm, Juergen Finke, Anne Huynh, Joerg Schubert, Hans Jochem Kolb, Emmanuelle Polge, Arnon Nagler, Mohamad Mohty
Journal: Blood (2011)
Ultrasound-Based Diagnostic Strategies for Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Frederikus A. Klok
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal