tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Sweat Chlorides and Intestinal Fat Absorption in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Emphysema and Fibrocystic Disease of the Pancreas
Authors: John A. Wood, Alfred P. Fishman, Keith Reemtsma, Harold G. Barker, Paul A. di Sant' Agnese
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

DESPITE extensive clinical appraisal and experimental effort since the time of Laënnec1 the etiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema in man remains obscure. Two types of observations suggest that this form of pulmonary disease may occasionally be related to fibrocystic disease of the pancreas: children with fibrocystic disease often manifest respiratory disturbances2 that are physiologically indistinguishable from those of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema in adults; and parents of these children may display a combination of chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema and abnormalities in the composition of sweat similar to those generally identified with cystic fibrosis of the pancreas.3 The purpose of . . .
Abstract 896: A systematic search in tumor interstitial fluid identifying a tumor-specific interleukin-hypoxia-glycolysis-DNA repair pathway and a novel serum marker RBB3 for human hepatoma
Authors: Sen-Yung Hsieh
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The long-term outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains undesirable, primarily due to late diagnosis and high recurrence. We aimed to discover new markers for early detection and prediction of recurrence. We initiated our search by comparing the proteomes of the interstitial fluid of HCC (TIF) and nonHCC liver tissues by using proteomic approaches. About 150 proteins were found to be dysregulated in TIF. Gene ontology analysis and biofunction reconstruction revealed the involvement of “interleukin-hypoxia-glycolysis-DNA repair pathway” in HCC. To search for novel serum markers, we identified secreted RBB3 (sRBB3) significantly increased their amount in TIF. Further studies disclosed that the serum sRBB3 level was significantly higher in HCC (113 cases) than in cirrhosis (47 cases)(p &amp;lt; 0.001) and chronic hepatitis (64 cases)(p &amp;lt; 0.001). The accuracy of serum sRBB3 in detection of HCC was further validated in 2 independent sets (92 cases in each set) of patients by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. A sensitivity of 89.3% and a specificity of 99.7% were obtained. Moreover, serum srbb3 had a better performance than serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in discrimination of early HCC from chronic hepatitis [areas under the ROC curves (AUC) for srbb3 vs. AFP = 0.931 vs. 0.810] and from cirrhosis (AUCs: serbb3 vs. AFP = 0.709 vs. 0.627). The serum sRBB3 level was strongly associated with portal vein invasion and extrahepatic metastasis of HCC (p = 0.017). The performance of the combination of serum srbb3 and AFP was similar to that of srbb3 but better than that of AFP in discrimination of HCC from non-HCC. Conclusion: Interstitial fluid of tumor tissues is a good source in the search for novel tumor markers. An immune-mediated tumor microenvironment plays roles in genome damage and possibly tumorigenesis of HCC. Serum srbb3 is a better HCC marker than AFP, particularly for detection of early HCC and for portal vein invasion and extrahepatic metastatsis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 896. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-896
THE IMPACT OF INTEGRATION OF HEART RATE RESPONSE TO REGADENOSON STRESS TO ENHANCE THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF SPECT MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING IN PATIENTS WITH END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE
Authors: Ibtihaj Fughhi, Javier Gomez, Tania Campagnoli, Marwan Wassouf, Amjad Ali, Rami Doukky
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Meeting Highlights: The Biology of Simian Virus 40 and Polyomavirus Transformations1
Authors: A. A. Schreier, J. Gruber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

228 ployees.At the same time they bargain with their insurance suppliers to cut costs and upgrade benefits.What is the proper standard for preventive medicine?How do we know what is too much or too little?The ideal, says the HMO philosophy, is to provide incentives for good medical care matched with financial benefits.The private insurance industry says we're already getting the best of care and it's worth the price.Both call on the patient for a deeper personal commitment to health promotion, in self-education and in financial responsibility, in order to continue the current standard of medical care.
OUTCOMES WITH USE OF THE RETROGRADE APPROACH FOR CORONARY CHRONIC TOTAL OCCLUSION INTERVENTIONS IN A CONTEMPORARY MULTICENTER US REGISTRY
Authors: Aris Karatasakis, Dimitrios Karmpaliotis, Khaldoon Alaswad, Farouc Jaffer, Robert Yeh, Ray Wyman, William Lombardi, James Grantham, David Kandzari, Nicholas Lembo, Anthony Doing, Mitul Patel, John Bahadorani, Jeffrey Moses, Ajay Kirtane, Manish Parikh, Sanjog Kalra, Phuong-Khanh Nguyen-Trong, Judit Karacsonyi, Bavana Rangan, Michele Roesle, Barbara Danek, Craig Thompson, Subhash Banerjee, Emmanouil Brilakis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Burkitt Lymphoma Presented as Acute Lower Back Pain and Revealed by 18F-NaF PET/CT
Authors: Wenlu Zheng, Yue Chen, Zhanwen Huang, Liang Cai
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 15-year-old man with acute lower back pain for 7 days underwent 18F-NaF PET/CT to determine the cause of his symptoms. The PET images revealed irregularly increased 18F activity in the L1 vertebral body without definite sclerotic changes on CT. However, the corresponding CT images revealed an adjacent paravertebral mass extending into the vertebral foramen without elevated activity on PET. A diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma was made after pathological examination.
Abstract LB-387: EZH2 knockdown suppresses the growth of human inflammatory breast cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo in xenograft models
Authors: Zhaomei Mu, Hua Li, Rugang Zhang, Massimo Cristofanilli
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract PURPOSE: Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare but very aggressive type of advanced breast cancer with a poor prognosis. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel IBC therapeutics. Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is of the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2, which silences the expression of its target genes by generating trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27Me3). EZH2 is overexpressed in several types of cancer including IBC and its overexpression correlates with a poor prognosis in IBC patients. Here, we investigated the molecular basis by which EZH2 promotes IBC. METHODS: IBC cell lines SUM149 and FC-IBC-02 which were developed from pleural effusion of an IBC patient were used in this study. Specific knockdown of EZH2 was performed using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) specific to the human EZH2 gene. MTS and soft-agar colony formation assays were used for anchorage-dependent and -independent cell growth in vitro, respectively. xCELLigence system was used to determine the cell migration and invasion. For the in vivo tumor growth studies, IBC cells were orthotopically transplanted into the mammary fat pads of immunodeficient mice. RESULTS: EZH2 was expressed at higher levels in all tested human IBC cell lines when compared with non-transformed human mammary epithelial cells. Knockdown of EZH2 caused a significant reduction in the levels of H3K27Me3 in human IBC cell lines. Notably, knockdown of EZH2 expression significantly suppressed both anchorage-dependent and -independent growth of human IBC cells in vitro due to induction of apoptosis. In addition, EZH2 knockdown inhibited the migration and invasion of IBC cells. Significantly, EZH2 knockdown suppressed the growth IBC cells in vivo in an orthotopic IBC model. CONCLUSIONS: EZH2 knockdown suppresses the growth of human IBC cells in vitro and in vivo in an orthotopic IBC model in immunodeficient mice. In addition, EZH2 knockdown inhibits the invasion of human IBC cells. Together, we conclude that EZH2 contributes to IBC by promoting proliferation and invasion of human IBC cells. These results suggest that targeting EZH2 may provide a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of patients with IBC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-387. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-387
Grand Rounds-Hammersmith Hospital: Nocardia pericarditis
Authors: S J Tabrizi
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Case presented by: S J Tabrizi, senior house officer in nephrology

Chairman: James Scott, professor of medicine Discussion group: C D Pusey, reader in renal medicine S Lacey, senior registrar in bacteriology K A A Davies, senior lecturer in rheumatology A J Rees, professor of nephrology H Beynon, senior registrar in rheumatology C Oakley, professor of cardiology Series edited by: Dr Moira Whyte.

### Case history

A 71 year old woman was treated for an uncomplicated haemorrhage from an intracerebral aneurysm in 1987. She recovered completely but was noted to be hypertensive. Her blood pressure was subsequently controlled with hydralazine and atenolol. She remained well until March 1993, when she presented with a four month history of weight loss, malaise, and shortness of breath. Investigations showed severe renal impairment, and renal biopsy showed a focal necrotising glomerulonephritis with crescents. She also had high titres of perinuclear autoneutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Microscopic polyarteritis, possibly precipitated by hydralazine, was diagnosed. The hydralazine was therefore discontinued. Her polyarteritis was treated with high dose prednisolone, with cyclophosphamide for the first three months and azathioprine subsequently. She was discharged well after seven weeks.

Three months later, she was admitted to her local hospital with presumed bacterial pneumonia. No pathogen was isolated. She was treated with antibiotics and transferred to our hospital. Further investigations included a bronchoscopy, which showed no infectious agent, computed tomography of the thorax, and tests of pulmonary function, which suggested early fibrosing alveolitis. She improved clinically with appropriate antibiotics.

Two months later she presented with a seven week history of bilateral pleuritic chest pain, increasing shortness of breath, and generalised weakness. Her drugs included prednisolone (17.5 mg per day) and azathioprine (75 mg per day). She had a temperature of 38.3°C and was centrally cyanosed and dyspnoeic. Her heart rate was 92 beats/min and blood pressure …
Isolation and characterization of myosin from subjects with asymmetric septal hypertrophy.
Authors: B J Maron, V J Ferrans, R S Adelstein
Journal: Circulation Research (1977)

Human cardiac myosin isolated from operatively obtained samples of ventricular septum and left ventricular free wall of subjects with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH) was compared, with respect to structural and enzymatic properties, to myosin isolated from hearts of subjects without heart disease. The following parameters were studied: (1) activation of myosin ATPase activity by K+-EDTA and Ca2+, (2) molecular weight of the heavy and light chains of myosin as determined by electrophoretic migration in polyacrylamide-sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) gels and (3) ability to form bipolar aggregates at low ionic strength, as examined by electron microscopy. No difference was present in any of these parameters between human cardiac myosin from subjects with ASH and from subjects without heart disease. Thus, the genetic defect present in subjects with ASH is not expressed in the particular structural and functional characteristics of myosin evaluated in this study.
SAT0350 Quality of Life with Etanercept in Early Non-Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: 24 and 48-Week Data from A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: J. Sieper, E. Drescher, J. Rosa, R. Pedersen, R. Bonin, B. Vlahos, J. Bukowski, S. Kotak
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Anti-TNF agents are recommended treatment for NSAID-resistant radiographic ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Long-term quality of life (QoL) data available in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), prior to radiographic detection of change (i.e., non-radiographic [nr-axSpA]) are limited. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate long-term effects of etanercept (ETN) treatment on QoL in patients with nr-axSpA (who had an insufficient response to NSAID treatment) after 12 weeks of randomized treatment to ETN or placebo (PBO). <h3>Methods</h3> Enrolled patients fulfilling ASAS axSpA criteria, not meeting the modified New York criteria for AS, who were symptomatic for 3 months–5 years, with BASDAI ≥4, and failed ≥2 NSAIDs, were randomized to ETN 50 mg weekly or PBO (double blind) for 12 weeks followed by open-label ETN 50 mg. QoLs were recorded over a total of 48 weeks. Patients were allowed stable NSAID therapy throughout the study. Analyses used an ANCOVA model with baseline scores, treatment, and MRI sacroiliitis positive/negative status as variables. <h3>Results</h3> Of 208 participants who entered the open-label period (safety population; ETN=102; PBO=106) baseline mean age was 31.9 years; 60.6% were male, and mean disease duration was 2.5 years. By week 12, QoL improvements favoured ETN versus PBO in disease-specific, functional, and productivity domains such as BASDAI, BASFI, BAS-G, WPAI-AS, SF-36 physical component summary, and pain measures (P&lt;0.05).<sup>1</sup> During the open label phase, substantial improvements from baseline at weeks 24 and 48 were observed regardless of original 12-week treatment arm (table). Improvements with ETN treatment were sustained with little distinction between the groups receiving ETN for 12, 24 and 48 weeks. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In patients with early, active nr-axSpA and an inadequate response to ≥2 NSAIDs, ETN demonstrated improvement in QoL measures for disease specific and functional domains compared to PBO during the first 12 weeks.<sup>1</sup> Improvements in PROs were rapid and sustained after all patients were treated with etanercept (weeks 12-48) and similar between original 12-week treatment groups. <h3>References</h3> Dougados M, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2013;65(10):S656-657. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The nr-axSpA trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01258738) was sponsored by Pfizer Inc. Medical writing support was provided by Stephanie Eide of Engage Scientific Solutions and was funded by Pfizer Inc. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. Sieper: None declared, E. Drescher: None declared, J. Rosa: None declared, R. Pedersen Employee of: Pfizer Inc., R. Bonin Employee of: Pfizer Inc., B. Vlahos Employee of: Pfizer Inc., J. Bukowski Employee of: Pfizer Inc., S. Kotak Shareholder of: Pfizer Inc., Employee of: Pfizer Inc. <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2242
BETA BLOCKER THERAPY IS SAFE AND ASSOCIATED WITH LOW MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH GRADE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK DURING ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Beni Rai Verma, Sunjeet Kaur, Sarah Knorr, Meredith Lewis, Kristen Forster, Wen Feng, Talwinderdeep Kahlon, Pugazhendhi Vijayaraman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract 2817: Preclinical studies of the PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors in endometrial cancer cell lines
Authors: Jing Yuan, Scott J. Garza, Joan Cao, Timothy S. Fisher, Nathan V. Lee, Koleen Eisele, Angela Pasis, Kenneth Hook, James G. Christensen, Julie L. Kan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The PI3K pathway plays a pivotal role in many cellular functions that include regulation of cell proliferation, survival, growth, angiogenesis, and motility. Dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is a common occurrence in cancer and could be a result of mutations in PIK3CA and PTEN, as well as loss of heterozygosity of PTEN. In endometrial cancer patients, the most frequent aberration is the activation of the PI3K/mAKT pathway with; (1) 80% loss of PTEN function and 30% PIK3CA mutations in type I endometrial cancer and (2) 20% PIK3CA mutation and 46% PIK3CA amplification in type II endometrial cancer. In this study, we investigated the functional consequences of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors PF-04691502 and PF-05212384 in endometrial cancer cell lines for antiproliferative effects, pathway signaling inhibition and tumor growth inhibition. Both compounds had antiproliferative activity in vitro that translated to tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Moreover, in the MFE-280 xenograft model that harbors a PIK3CA mutation (P1047R), the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors showed tumor regression. These studies support the use of the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors for endometrial cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2817. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2817
AUMENTO DE CALPROTECTINA Y COLONOSCOPIA NORMAL: ¿CAPSULA ENDOSCÓPICA?
Authors: A Castellot Martín, C Sánchez Vilar, M Lorente Arencibia, A Cruz Bonilla, A Monescillo Francia, L Betancor Hernandez, E Jiménez Mutiloa, M Peñate Bolaños, JM Marrero Monroy, A Sierra Hernández
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La calprotectina en heces es un test que permite discriminar a pacientes con patología intestinal. La cápsula endoscópica (CE) es útil para el estudio de intestino delgado. Objetivo: Evaluar la utilidad de la CE como prueba diagnóstica en pacientes con aumento de calprotectina en heces y colonoscopia normal. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de los estudios de CE realizados en nuestro centro desde mayo de 2010 a mayo de 2013, cuyo motivo de petición fue aumento de calprotectina en heces. Se administraron dos tipos de cápsula, Pillcam y Mirocam, de forma aleatoria. Los datos se recogieron en una base de datos diseñada para tal fin. La lectura de la cápsula se realizó por una única endoscopista. Para el diagnóstico de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal se aplicó el índice de Lewis con punto de corte > 135. Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 12 estudios (9 Pillcam y 3 Mirocam) en 12 pacientes, 75% mujeres, con edad media: 44 ± 15 (19 – 78). El tiempo de paso gástrico fue de 77 ± 81 (7 – 274) y el tiempo de tránsito en intestino delgado fue de 232 ± 111 (57 – 520). Se pasó la válvula ileocecal en el 91% de los casos. Se observaron hallazgos positivos en 9 pacientes (75%), dos estudios fueron normales y uno no fue diagnóstico por presencia de restos alimentarios. Los hallazgos fueron de enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en 3 pacientes (25%), lesiones inespecíficas en 4 pacientes sugestivas pero no concluyentes para enfermedad inflamatoria (33%) y angiectasias en dos pacientes (17%). No se registraron complicaciones. Tras la CE se modificó el tratamiento en casi el 60% de los pacientes. Conclusiones: El uso de la CE es útil y seguro en pacientes con aumento de calprotectina y colonoscopia normal al permitir identificar a un alto porcentaje de pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal.
Unexpected Detection of an Astrocytoma by Poorly Labeled Tc-99m HMPAO
Authors: ALESSANDRO GIORDANO, MARIA LUCIA CALCAGNI, PASQUALE DI FAZIO, GIUSEPPE DE ROSSI, LIBERO LAURIOLA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Tc-99m HMPAO SPECT imaging was performed on a patient with a language disorder. It showed an “empty skull” pattern with a focal area of uptake in the left hemisphere. Repeat brain SPECT 3 days later showed a normal perfusion pattern with a dishomogeneous flow distribution in the area where the focal lesion was identified by previous SPECT imaging. A CT scan confirmed a left-sided expansive lesion that was later demonstrated to be an astrocytoma of surgery. The “empty skull” pattern is likely to be attributed to an excessive amount of free pertechnetate due to poor labeling of Tc-99m HMPAO.
Primary Anorectal Melanoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Zu-Gui Li, Xiao-Jing Qin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Primary anorectal melanoma is an extremely rare, aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. A 76-year-old man with a 2-month history of rectal bleeding, anal pain, and tenesmus was referred for an F-FDG PET/CT examination, which revealed an abnormal focal FDG uptake on the lower rectum with multiple other intense FDG-avid regions in locoregional pelvic lymph nodes, bones, liver, and lung. It was highly suggestive of malignancy, and a provisional diagnosis of advanced rectal carcinoma was made. However, a following tissue biopsy of the lesion on the lower rectum performed by colonoscopy histopathologically indicated primary anorectal melanoma.
Glucose Transporters and Insulin Action — Implications for Insulin Resistance and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Peter R. Shepherd, Barbara B. Kahn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Insulin was discovered more than 75 years ago, but only recently have we begun to understand the mechanisms by which insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells. This review discusses recent advances, their contribution to our understanding of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, and their implications for the design of new therapies to prevent and treat diabetes and its complications.Role of Glucose Transporters in Maintaining Glucose HomeostasisCarbohydrates, and glucose in particular, are an important source of energy for most living organisms. Tissues such as the brain need glucose constantly, and low blood concentrations of glucose can cause . . .
Commentary: Can Animal Pulmonary Function Testing Provide Data for Regulatory Decision Making?
Authors: John J. O'Neil, James A. Raub
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

The process of setting health standards requires rigorous, scientifically sound data that relate to man's interaction with his environment.Tests of pulmonary function are espe- cially useful, since they may permit some direct comparisons between animals and man.The development of tests to measure pulmonary function in small animals has been important, and research into the health effects of air pollution may be greatly strength- ened with the use of data from such measurements.
Neurodegenerative Diseases and Prions
Authors: Stanley B. Prusiner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The New Eng land Jour nal of Medicine Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is approximately 1 case per 1 million population, 23 but among persons between the ages of 60 and 74 years, the incidence is nearly 5 per 1 million. 24Cases in patients as young as 17 years and as old as 83 have been recorded. 23,25Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is relentlessly progressive and usually causes death within a year after its onset.Each geographic cluster of cases of prion disease was initially thought to be a manifestation of viral communicability, 26 but each was later shown to be due to a PRNP gene mutation except for new variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.