tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isoniazid Prophylaxis
Authors: LEE B. REICHMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Comments and Corrections1 September 1974Isoniazid ProphylaxisLEE B. REICHMAN, M.D., M.P.H.LEE B. REICHMAN, M.D., M.P.H.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-3-416_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I was disturbed by Dr. Israel's comments in the May issue, "Stop Isoniazid Prophylaxis" (Ann Intern Med 80:672-673, 1974).Dr. Israel cites the study of Edwards and associates (1), and he seems to believe that a rate of 75 new active cases per 100 000 population of tuberculin reactors is too low to require isoniazid preventive therapy. It should be pointed out, however, that the rate is for 1 year. The risk of a tuberculin reactor getting tuberculosis is lifelong; he is at risk each year he lives. Since the reactors reported by Edwards and...References1. EDWARDS L, ACQUAVIVA F, and LIVESAY V: Identification of tuberculous infected. Dual tests and density of reaction. Am Rev Resp Dis 108:1334-1339, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. COMSTOCK G, LIVESAY V, and WOOLPERT S: The prognosis of a positive tuberculin reaction in childhood and adolescence. Am J Epidemiol 99:131-138, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. : Preventive therapy of tuberculous infection: a joint statement. Am Rev Resp Dis. In press. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: LEE B. REICHMAN, M.D., M.P.H.Affiliations: Martland Hospital New Jersey Medical School College of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey Newark, New Jersey 07107 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1974Volume 81, Issue 3 Page: 416-417 Keywords Isoniazid Preventive medicine Prophylaxis Tuberculin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
An Agent From &lt;italic&gt;E. coli&lt;/italic&gt; Causing Hemorrhage and Regression of an Experimental Mouse Tumor. I. Isolation and Properties&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M IKAWA, J B KOEPFLI, S G MUDD, C NIEMANN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Journal Article An Agent From E. coli Causing Hemorrhage and Regression of an Experimental Mouse Tumor. I. Isolation and Properties Get access Miyoshi Ikawa, Miyoshi Ikawa The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. B. Koepfli, J. B. Koepfli The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Seeley G. Mudd, Seeley G. Mudd The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carl Niemann Carl Niemann The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.5 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 1, August 1952, Pages 157–166, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.1.157 Published: 01 August 1952 Article history Received: 14 April 1952 Published: 01 August 1952
AB0425 Biological Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Graphical Analysis of DAS28 and CDAI Components Evolution Over Time
Authors: M.G. Avila, A. Alonso, M. Lόpez Lasanta, A. Pluma, E. Quesada, S. Marsal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Routine use of composite measures to assess rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity has become standard practice in rheumatology. Two of the most commonly used composite scores to measure the efficacy of biologic therapy (BT) in RA are DAS28 and CDAI scores. However, little is known yet about the long-term evolution of each of the score components over time. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to analyze the evolution of the DAS28 and CDAI score components over time in RA patients treated with anti-TNF therapies in comparison to patients treated with anti-IL6 therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 222 RA patients treated with BTs during the period between Dec999 and March913 were included. The data of the DAS28 and CDAI score components were collected from baseline and at every 3 months of therapy. Only patients with ≥12 weeks of follow up were included. To graphically analyze the temporal variation of each score component we used radar charts. In this type of multivariate data visualization technique, each component is represented as different axis and, at each time point, the mean relative improvement for each component is connected by a line. First, we graphically analyzed the evolution of each score component for each different anti-TNF therapy (infliximab (INF), etanercept (ETN), adalimumab (ADA)). Second, we analyzed the graphical evolution of all anti-TNFs in comparison to anti-IL6 therapy tocilizumab (TCZ). <h3>Results</h3> A total of 347 BTs were analyzed (INF=100, ETN=126, ADA=79, TCZ=42). No significant differences were found between the three anti-TNFs in the DAS28 and CDAI scores at each time point during the first 96 weeks of follow up. However, radar charts showed different evolution patterns of the components of the two scores DAS28 and CDAI (Figure 1). Compared to ADA or INF, treatment with ETN shown a more regular pattern of improvement. In ADA and INF the relative weight of each DAS28-CDAI component at each time period was variable, suggesting a different mode of action for monoclonal therapies. These differences were observed independently of the line of treatment where anti-TNF treatment was used. When we compared the radar charts of the combined anti-TNF therapies against the anti-IL6 treatment, we found a markedly different graphical evolution. While the treatment with anti-TNFs showed a predominant improvement in the articular component, the radar chart indicated a higher improvement in the ESR component for anti-IL6 therapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Using a graphical analysis approach we have identified the presence of differential evolution patterns according to the treatment type. The results of this study are useful to understand the differential mechanisms of action of each treatment, and could help to explain the differences observed in clinical trials, meta-analyses and observational studies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Case 66-1963
Authors: John D. Crawford, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

Presentation of Case First admission. An eight-week-old female infant was admitted to the hospital because of jaundice.The patient was born at full term of a pregnancy complicated only by bleeding from a marginal sinus during labor; the birth weight was 2.17 kg. Jaundice was first observed on the second day of life. On the next day the bilirubin was 2.2 mg., direct, and 16.6 mg., total; it did not fall below 8 mg. per 100 ml. by the time of discharge at three weeks of age. The Coombs test was negative. The weight on discharge was 2.41 kg. Mild . . .
Abstract 3503: Low Dose Aspirin and Incident Diabetes Mellitus in Apparently Healthy Middle-Aged American Women - the Women’s Health Study
Authors: Aruna Pradhan, Nancy Cook, JoAnn Manson, Paul Ridker, Julie Buring
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Inflammation is linked with the development of type 2 diabetes. Epidemiologic data suggest this association may be stronger in women and clinical studies demonstrate that short-term high-dose aspirin has a prominent hypoglycemic effect. However, to date, no randomized trials have directly evaluated the efficacy of aspirin in the prevention of type 2 diabetes at doses acceptable for use in routine clinical practice. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that treatment with low-dose aspirin reduces the incidence of type 2 diabetes among initially healthy middle-aged American women. Methods: Subjects were enrolled in the Women’s Health Study, a randomized clinical trial of aspirin and vitamin E for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and cancer in which subjects were also monitored for the clinical occurrence of type 2 diabetes. Between 1992 and 1995, 38,716 women aged ≥ 45 years and free of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease were randomized to either low-dose aspirin (100 mg on alternate days) or placebo. During the randomized treatment period (median follow-up = 10 years), 1,696 cases of confirmed clinical type 2 diabetes accrued. Results: There were 849 cases in the aspirin group and 847 in the placebo group (HR 1.01; CI 1.00 to 1.02). Stratification of the population by diabetes risk factors including age, BMI, physical activity, postmenopausal hormone use, family history of diabetes, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (n = 27,167) had no effect on this main finding. Analyses accounting for adherence to randomized treatment also failed to show a beneficial effect. Conclusions: Chronic low-dose aspirin does not prevent the development of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy middle-aged and older American women.
AB0222 Effects of Treatment with Tumour Necrosis Factor Inhibitors on Angiogenesis in Children with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: J. Świdrowska, E. Smolewska
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) inhibitors in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) decrease synoviocyte proliferation and block a cascade of secondary mediators which play a part in the recruitment of inflammatory cells. By directly affecting endothelial cells and by inhibiting the production of proangiogenetic factors it suppress angiogenesis and reduces vascularization of inflamed joints. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the neovascularization process by investigating serum angiogenesis markers (VEGF, sVEGF-R1, sVEGF-R2, ANG-1, ANG-2) in children with JIA receiving no treatment (new-diagnosed) and treated with TNFα inhibitors. <h3>Methods</h3> Forty three patients with new-diagnosed active JIA and eleven JIA patients treated with TNFα inhibitors (etanercept or adalimumab) plus methotrexate were studied. Serum levels of vascular markers were measured in each patient serum sample with a standard quantitative sandwich ELISA method and compared. <h3>Results</h3> Levels of all of the studied serum vascular markers were lower in TNFα inhibitors-treated JIA patients than in new-diagnosed. The significant difference was observed in VEGF-R1 levels (0,07±0,02ng/ml vs. 0,1±0,03ng/ml; p&lt;0,05) and VEGF-R2 levels (7,94±1,56ng/ml vs. 15,92±7,09ng/ml; p&lt;0,001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study shows the important influence of TNFα inhibitors on angiogenesis in rheumatoid process. The blockade of VEGF receptors and VEGF activity might be of therapeutic benefit in JIA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Perturbed Granulopoiesis in Mice With a Targeted Mutation in the Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Receptor Gene Associated With Severe Chronic Neutropenia
Authors: Mirjam H.A. Hermans, Alister C. Ward, Claudia Antonissen, Alar Karis, Bob Löwenberg, Ivo P. Touw
Journal: Blood (1998)
Management of Spontaneous Pneumothorax
Authors: H T Thompson, R R Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anxiety and platelet MAO levels after relaxation training
Authors: R J Mathew, B T Ho, P Kralik, M Weinman, J L Claghorn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors measured platelet MAO activity with phenylethylamine and tryptamine substrates in a group of 20 subjects with chronic anxiety before and after they underwent relaxation training. Levels of anxiety were quantified using a self-rating scale. Posttreatment values for anxiety and enzyme activity were significantly lower than pretreatment values. Anxiety and enzyme activity levels were not significantly correlated at any stage of the study.
SAT0450 Rituximab in Systemic Sclerosis. Results of an up to Seven Years, Open Label, Multicenter Study with a Follow-up of 89 Patient-Years
Authors: K. Melissaropoulos, D. Daoussis, I. Antonopoulos, T.E. Markatseli, P. Georgiou, G. Yiannopoulos, A.A. Drosos, A.P. Andonopoulos, S.N. Liossis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> We have previously shown that rituximab (RTX) may favorably affect lung function and skin fibrosis in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess long term data on efficacy and safety of RTX in SSc <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty patients with SSc were recruited from three rheumatology departments. Patients were treated at baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months. Beyond two years, retreatment with RTX was decided by the treating physician. Follow-up data exist for 30, 16, 13, 6 and 4 patients at 1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 year time points, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> Patients were predominantly female (n=22) with a median age of 56 and median disease duration of 4 years. Data from serology, concomitant treatment, skin involvement, PFTs, transthoracic echocardiogram, high resolution lung CT and undesirable effects were recorded. FVC showed significant improvement at 1 year compared to baseline (mean ± SEM: FVC: 83.5±3.4 vs 78.2±3.6 respectively, p&lt;0.001), with a further significant improvement at 2 years (86.2±5.5 p=0.018) and a stabilization thereafter (84.3±6.5 at 5 years, p=0.04). DLco significantly improved at two years compared to baseline (62.4±4.5 vs 57.3±3.2 respectively, p=0.012). Three patients who had initially shown improvement or stabilization of their PFTs with continuous treatment, showed deterioration of PFTs after RTX cessation at three years; these patients did not respond to RTX retreatment later on. Skin thickening (MRSS) improved significantly early (p&lt;0,001 at all time points compared to baseline). During the follow-up period, six cases of respiratory infection requiring hospitalization, one case of hepatitis B reactivation, one case of herpes zoster and two cases of mild infusion reactions were recorded. One patient was diagnosed with lung cancer and another one with prostate cancer. Five deaths were recorded. Two patients died because of end stage respiratory failure, one patient of lung cancer, one of sudden death while the cause of death in the fifth patient is unknown. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data indicate that continuous treatment with RTX has a beneficial effect on lung function and skin fibrosis in patients with SSc. Treatment was generally well-tolerated. Randomized controlled studies are highly needed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Case 24-1977
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, James R. Lehrich, Edward P. Richardson, John C. Long
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Presentation of CaseA 50-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a neurologic disorder.She was well until 2 1/2 years earlier, when she sat down, heard a snapping sound and experienced the abrupt onset of low-back pain that was aggravated by walking and was excruciating when seated. Several times daily she had sharp, shooting pains that radiated down one or both legs to the toes. She stayed in bed for four weeks, with slight improvement. Six months later x-ray films and scans of the bones and lungs were reported to be normal. Fifteen months before admission she . . .
Spontaneous Rupture of Stomach in the Newborn
Authors: C M JOHNSON
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clonal evolution of glioblastoma under therapy
Authors: Jiguang Wang, Emanuela Cazzato, Erik Ladewig, Veronique Frattini, Daniel I S Rosenbloom, Sakellarios Zairis, Francesco Abate, Zhaoqi Liu, Oliver Elliott, Yong-Jae Shin, Jin-Ku Lee, In-Hee Lee, Woong-Yang Park, Marica Eoli, Andrew J Blumberg, Anna Lasorella, Do-Hyun Nam, Gaetano Finocchiaro, Antonio Iavarone, Raul Rabadan
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
AB0307 Assessment Asymptomatic Preclinical Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease with High Resolution CT and Pulmonary Function Tests:
Authors: S. Rekik, R. Dhahri, S. Boussaid, A. Aouadi, H. Ajlani, H. Sahli, E. Cheour, M. El Euch
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study was to define high-resolution chest CT (HRCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) abnormalities to identify asymptomatic, preclinical forms of RA-ILD that may represent precursors to more severe fibrotic lung disease. <h3>Methods</h3> Our study is prospective. We collect 20 RA patients with no respiratory functional sign. All patients met the 1987 diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR). We analyzed chest HRCTs in consecutively enrolled RA patients and subsequently classified these individuals as RA-ILD or RA-no ILD based on the presence/absence of ground glass opacification, septal thickening, reticulation, traction bronchiectasis, and/or honeycombing. Coexisting PFT abnormalities (reductions in percent predicted FEV1, FVC) were also used to further characterize occult respiratory defects. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty patients were included in the study. Their demographic and clinical characteristics are summerized in the table below. In this study, all RA patients were treated with combinations of DMARDs and cortico steroids (7.5 mg per day) that included methotrexate (MTX), with a dose ranging from 10 to 15 mg (mean at 12.33 mg) per week; however, only 4.6% of RA patients used Leflunomide (20 mg per day). In terms of additional environmental risk factors, the prevalence of smoking was very low (1/20). Radiographic abnormalities are objectified in 4 cases 20% of cases. The most common abnormality is represented by interstitial syndrome found in 3 cases: diffuse reticulomicronodular images in 2 cases and pleural thickening in one case. The results of our study showed a restrictive syndrome in 5 cases (25%) and a mixed syndrome in 1 case (5%). Among the 13 patients with ILD on HRCT, only 4 have a restrictive syndrome. As regards the restrictive syndrome (CVF equal to 69% of the theoretical in both cases), corresponding HRCT was normal. In the case of mixed syndrome CT revealed centrolobular and para septal emphysema predominantly in the bi upper lobe. <h3>Conclusions</h3> HRCT represents an effective tool to detect occult/asymptomatic ILD that is highly prevalent in our unselected, university-based cohort of RA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Serologic Activities of Serum Fractions in Animal Neoplasia
Authors: S. W. Lippincott, C. T. O. Fong, H. Thornton, L. D. Ellerbrook, Janet Nutter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Serologic Activities of Serum Fractions in Animal Neoplasia Get access S. W. Lippincott, S. W. Lippincott Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. T. O. Fong, C. T. O. Fong Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Thornton, H. Thornton Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. D. Ellerbrook, L. D. Ellerbrook Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Janet Nutter Janet Nutter Department of Pathology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Wash. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 5, April 1955, Pages 1231–1235, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.5.1231 Published: 01 April 1955 Article history Received: 23 August 1954 Published: 01 April 1955