tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interest of short hormonotherapy (HT) associated with radiotherapy (RT) as salvage treatment for biological relapse (BR) after radical prostatectomy (RP): Results of the GETUG-AFU 16 phase III randomized trial—NCT00423475.
Authors: Christian Carrie, Ali Hasbini, Guy De Laroche, Muriel Habibian, Pierre Richaud, Stéphane Guérif, Igor Latorzeff, Stephane Supiot, Mathieu Bosset, Jean Leon Lagrange, Veronique Beckendorf, Francois Lesaunier, Bernard Dubray, Jean Philippe Wagner, TD N'Guyen, Jean-Philippe Suchaud, Gilles Crehange, Nicolas Barbier, Alain Ruffion, Sophie Dussart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

5006 Background: RT is the standard as salvage treatment after RP. The role of HT is not demonstrated to date. This trial assessed the efficacy of RT alone vs RT+HT on progression-free survival (PFS) (biological or/and clinical relapse) for patients with BR after RP. Secondary objectives were overall survival (OS), toxicity and quality of life. Methods: Patients (pts) were randomized (1:1; stratification on risk factors at RP and type of planned RT) to RT alone (66Gy on prostate bed +/- pelvic irradiation according to pN status and risk of initial node involvement) or RT+HT (goserelin, for 6 months). Assuming 5-year PFS of 45% for RT arm, the trial required 369 pts per arm to detect an improvement of 12% on PFS in RT+HT arm (90% power and 5% alpha risk). BR was evaluated according to Astro-consensus. Results: From Oct. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 743 pts (RT: 374; RT+HT: 369) were randomized. Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the arms, median age: 67 y, pT2ac: 54%, pT3ac: 46%, gleason > 6: 76%, positive margins: 51%, seminal vesicles' involvement 13%. PSA doubling time at relapse was > 6 months in 74%. With a median follow-up of 63.1 months, 216 events were notified (138 in RT vs 78 in RT+HT). The intent to treat analysis showed an improved 5-y PFS of 62.1% (CI95%: 57-67) vs 79.6% (IC95%: 75-84) for RT and RT+HT, respectively (log-rank: p < 0.0001). The 5-y OS was 94.8% for RT vs 96.2% for RT+HT (p = 0.18). Cause of death was progressive disease in 2.1% pts on RT arm vs 0.8%. Acute toxicities occured more frequently in RT+HT arm (89% vs 79%). No difference was found in grade ³3 acute toxicities (1.9% vs 2.2%) and late toxicities (18.8% vs 21.9%). No toxic death was observed. Conclusions: GETUG-AFU 16 is the first randomized trial comparing RT vs RT+ short HT as salvage treatment for BR after RP with undetectable post-op PSA. RT+HT significantly improve the 5-y PFS without increasing acute or late grade 3 toxicities. A longer follow up is required to quantify the impact on OS but RT+HT could be considered as the standard in this situation. Clinical trial information: NCT00423475.
Recurrent activating mutations of G-protein-coupled receptor CYSLTR2 in uveal melanoma
Authors: Amanda R Moore, Emilie Ceraudo, Jessica J Sher, Youxin Guan, Alexander N Shoushtari, Matthew T Chang, Jenny Q Zhang, Edward G Walczak, Manija A Kazmi, Barry S Taylor, Thomas Huber, Ping Chi, Thomas P Sakmar, Yu Chen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2016)
Molecular allelokaryotyping of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemias by high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism oligonucleotide microarray.
Authors: Norihiko Kawamata, Seishi Ogawa, Martin Zimmermann, Masashi Sanada, Kari Hemminki, Go Yamatomo, Yasuhito Nannya, Rolf Koehler, Thomas Flohr, Carl Miller, Jochen Harbott, Wolf-Dieter Ludwig, Martin Stanulla, Martin Schrappe, Claus Bartram, Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

389 

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most frequent malignant disease in childhood. Over 80% of children with this disease can be cured by chemotherapy either alone or in combination with cranial irradiation. Although several non-random recurrent gross genetic aberrations, including chromosomal translocations (e.g., ETV6/RUNX1 , BCR/ABL , MLL/AF4 ) and numerical imbalances (e.g., hyperdiploidy), only a few small systematic genomic characterization approaches have been performed in ALL. Leukemic samples from 399 consecutive pediatric ALL patients were examined by high resolution single-nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP-Chip) technique to detect genomic abnormalities. Three common genetic alterations were found: deletion of ETV6 , deletion of P16INK4A and hyperdiploidy. A number of novel recurrent genetic alterations were also detected including deletions at 3p14.2, 3q26.3 and Xp21.2. Uniparental disomy (UPD) was a frequent event in ALL, especially affecting chromosome 9. Children with hyperdiploid ALL without gain of chromosomes 17 and 18 had a poor prognosis. A novel tumor suppressor candidate gene for ALL, SNAP91 on 6q, was frequently inactivated by deletion and/or methylation in ALL. SNP-Chip is a powerful tool to identify small genetic abnormalities which are not detectable by standard techniques, and provides the opportunity for further refining the subclassification and determining the prognosis of childhood ALL.
CD5 Binds to Interleukin-6 and Induces a Feed-Forward Loop with the Transcription Factor STAT3 in B Cells to Promote Cancer
Authors: Chunyan Zhang, Hong Xin, Wang Zhang, Paul J. Yazaki, Zhifang Zhang, Keith Le, Wenzhao Li, Heehyoung Lee, Larry Kwak, Stephen Forman, Richard Jove, Hua Yu
Journal: Immunity (2016)
Towards three-dimensional temporal monitoring of naevi: a comparison of methodologies for assessing longitudinal changes in skin surface area around naevi
Authors: E. Chung, M.A. Marchetti, A. Scope, S.W. Dusza, M. Fonseca, D. DaSilva, S. Bajaj, A.C. Geller, M. Bishop, A.A. Marghoob, A.C. Halpern
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)
SURG-01IS UNRESECTED GLIOBLASTOMA TRULY UNRESECTABLE? AN ANALYSIS OF BASAL MRI'S OF PATIENTS WITH UNRESECTED GLIOBLASTOMA INCLUDED IN THE GENOM009 TRIAL AND THE VARIABILITY OF SURGICAL APPROACHES
Authors: Pilar Teixidor, Cristina Hostalot, Gloria Villalba, Gerard Plans, Roser Garcia-Armengol, Juan Jose Garcia, Anna Estival, Ramon de las Penas, Raquel Luque, Miguel Gil-Gil, Juan Sepulveda, Carmen Balana
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)
M31 Introduction of EBUS into a Respiratory department – a reflection on experience required
Authors: AL Chapman, M Cornere
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3></h3> One Respiratory Physician trained to perform EBUS in a teaching Hospital in the UK and had supervised experience for approximately 50 cases over a period of 1 year. This learnt skill was taken abroad to another respiratory department with no prior experience in EBUS. One other colleague was nominated to take part and be trained over the introductory period of 9 months. Typically 2 endoscopy nurses were present, and rotation of staff was controlled to maintain expertise throughout this period. On site Consultant Pathologists and a cytopathology technician were present for each procedure. Patients underwent standard bronchoscopy then proceeded immediately to EBUS. Moderate conscious sedation was used. A total of 50 patients went forward for EBUS-TBNA in this period. 25 were female and 25 were men with a mean age of 64.3 and 58 respectively with a range of 20 to 87 years. A total of 56 nodes were performed and the most commonly biopsied nodal stations were 7 (43%) and 4R (42%). Nodal stations biopsied included 2R, 4R, 4L, 7, 10R, and 11R. The overall accuracy, sensitivity and specificity was 92%, 90% and 100% respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for lung cancer diagnosis was 89%, 87% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy for sarcoidosis was 100%. One complication of minor bleeding was noted. We conclude that a safe and reliable EBUS service can be started in a department where a physician has been involved with 50 cases. We postulate it takes a further 50 cases per consultant to achieve competency and in our department about 9 months at present. We think it is important to control the number of staff performing the procedures initially and this approach is associated with minimal complication and good results for our first cases.
Clinical Pathophysiological Studies on the Coronary Circulation
Authors: Seiichi Ohsugi
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Because of their vasodilating response on coronary arteries, the so-called coronary vasodilators have been administered for the treatment of coronary failure during recent years. However, these results are based mainly on healthy animal experiments and therefore various paradoxes are found between clinical experience and basic pharmacological experiments. To clarify the mechanism of the vasodilating response and determine the significant critical levels of coronary vasodilators, cardiac catheterization was employed to obtain systemic and coronary hemodynamic parameters in healthy controls and in patients with various diseases under resting and hypoxemic conditions, with or without the administration of coronary vasodilators. Methods and Materials The systemic hemodynamic parameters were determined by rightsided cardiac catheterization with direct Fick's method and coronary circulation was measured by coronary catheterization with the N2O desaturation technique. The parameters evaluated were cardiac output (CO), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), left ventricular work (LVW), Katz's Index, myocardial tension (MT), coronary blood flow (CBF) and coronary vascular resistance (CVR). 1. Induced hypoxemic condition After 10-20 minutes loading of 10% O2 inhalation, systemic and coronary hemodynamic parameters were determined. 2. Drugs administered Coronary vasodilators ; e.g. Dipyridamole, Carbochromene, PF-26, Iproveratril, Xanthine derivatives, Benziodarone derivatives and Isosorbide dinitrate were used. i) Usual clinical dosis : Coronary hemodynamic parameters were estimated over a 10 minutes period from 3 to 13 minutes after sublingual administration of Isosorbide dinitrate and from 7 to 17 minutes after intravenous administration of other agents. ii) Massive dosage, 5-10 times that of ordinary dosis : Coronary hemodynamic parameters were determined in the last 10 minutes period during the one hour intravenous infusion of Dipyridamole and Carbochromene. 3. Materials One hundred and six cases of healthy controls and patients with various diseases were examined. Forty two of these cases were subjected to the hypoxemic loading of 10% O2 inhalation and another 55 cases were used to evaluate the hemodynamic response to coronary vasodilators.
Case 40-2008
Authors: Dean M. Cestari, Ralph B. Metson, Mary E. Cunnane, William C. Faquin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 26-year-old man was seen in the Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic because of blurred vision and discomfort in the right eye. On examination, there was decreased visual acuity, loss of color vision, a relative afferent pupillary defect, a swollen optic nerve, and visual-field abnormalities. Computed tomography of the orbits and sinuses revealed sinusitis with erosion of the optic canals. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
Identification of gene expression signatures of palbociclib (PD) response in breast cancer (BC)
Authors: I. Migliaccio, S. Piazza, R. Verardo, C. Guarducci, M. Bonechi, Y. Ciani, E. Moretti, O. Siclari, A. Di Leo, L. Malorni
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Intermediate-dose cyclophosphamide (1.5 Gm/M2) with G-CSF as the primary peripheral blood progenitor mobilization strategy: A single-institution experience.
Authors: A. Padmanabhan, J. W. Hayslip, G. P. Monohan, S. D. Sutphin, H. Weiss, D. S. Howard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

6559 Background: Autologous Stem Cell transplant (AutoSCT) is a vital treatment option for various hematological disorders including multiple myeloma and lymphomas. Peripheral blood mobilization of CD 34+ progenitor cells is usually achieved with the assistance of G-CSF alone or with chemotherapy. A common strategy has been to use High-dose Cyclophosphamide (4 gm/m2) with G-CSF. We have been using Intermediate dose Cyclophosphamide (Cy) (1.5gm/m2) with G-CSF for several years as our primary mobilization strategy. The goal is to attain an adequate collection while limiting the known complications of chemotherapy. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 136 consecutive patients (pts) (excluding prisoners) from Jan 2005 to Dec 2009 that received intermediate dose Cy with G-CSF was conducted. IRB approval was attained prior to analysis. We analyzed the adequacy of CD34+ collection and the need for hospitalization secondary to toxicity. Threshold of 2 x 10(6)/kg for lymphomas and 5 x 10(6)/ kg for multiple myeloma of CD 34+ Cells was set to determine adequacy of the collection. The number of cytopheresis days was also calculated. Toxicity was defined as the need for hospitalization. Results: 6 of 136 (4.4%, 95%CI ± 3) consented pts had CD34 screen inadequate for proceeding to collection. 11/130 (8.5%, 95%CI ±4) pts failed to meet the threshold. 10/130 (7.7%, 95%CI ±4) required >1 mobilization to meet the threshold. The median number of cytopheresis days was 2 (range1-6). 9 (6.7%, 95%CI ±5) pts required hospitalization for fever (1), pain (3), pulmonary embolism (1), confusion (1), dehydration (2) and fluid overload (1). None required hospitalization for neutropenic fever. Of the 130 pts whose stem cells were collected, 129 proceeded to AutoSCT, all engrafted by CIBMTR criteria. Conclusions: Intermediate-dose Cy with G-CSF is a safe and effective strategy for progenitor mobilization. We found a very low rate of complications requiring hospitalization (6.7%). Goals for collection were achieved in 87.5%. This warrants a comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis with strategies utilizing a CXCR4 antagonist, which is underway at our institution.
PD-1 Blockade in Melanoma
Authors: Shailender Bhatia, John A. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment with Desmopressin Acetate to Reduce Blood Loss after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: E.W. Salzman, M.J. Weinstein, R.M. Weintraub, J.A. Ware, R.L. Thurer, L. Robertson, A. Donovan, T. Gaffney, V. Bertele, J. Troll, M. Smith, L.E. Chute
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass remains a cause for concern, requiring reexploration of the chest in approximately 3 percent of patients who have had operations on the heart. We examined the possibility that this problem might be alleviated by desmopressin acetate (DDAVP), which increases the plasma level of von Willebrand factor and improves hemostasis in mild hemophilia and other conditions associated with defective platelet function. In a double-blind, prospective, randomized trial, we studied the effect of intraoperative desmopressin acetate in 70 patients undergoing various cardiac operations requiring cardiopulmonary bypass. Patients undergoing uncomplicated primary coronary-artery bypass grafting were not included. The drug significantly reduced mean operative and early postoperative blood loss (1317 +/- 486 ml in the treated group vs. 2210 +/- 1415 ml in the placebo group); of the 14 patients whose 24-hour blood loss exceeded 2000 ml, 11 had received the placebo. Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor were higher after desmopressin acetate than after placebo. Patients with the most bleeding had relatively low levels of von Willebrand factor before operation, suggesting a role for this factor in the hemorrhagic tendency induced by extracorporeal circulation. There were no untoward side effects of desmopressin acetate. We conclude that the administration of desmopressin acetate can be recommended to reduce blood loss in patients undergoing complex cardiac operations. The beneficial effect of the drug on hemostasis after cardiopulmonary bypass may be related to its effect on von Willebrand factor.
Optimizing targeted agents development in pancreatic cancer: A fine-needle aspirate biopsy (FNAB) based <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> assay
Authors: B. Rubio-Viqueira, H. Mezzadra, C. Iacobuzio-Donahue, A. Jimeno, X. Zhang, A. Maitra, S. Altiok, M. Hidalgo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3002 Background: While targeted therapeutics effectively inhibit tumor growth with less toxicity than conventional chemotherapy, in general cancer patients show highly variable responses to them. This study aimed to develop and validate methods that permit the prediction and assessment of the efficacy of targeted therapeutics by using tumor fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) samples Methods: A series of human primary pancreatic cancer were xenografted in nude mice by implanting tumor materials from surgically resected pancreatic cancer patients. Animals were treated with an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor, erlotinib, and the mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus or vehicle. Tumors were sampled by FNAB prior to (baseline) and after therapy. Tumor cells obtained by FNAB at baseline were exposed to erlotinib or temsirolimus for six hours ex vivo to prospectively predict tumor response. The degree of inhibition in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and S6-Ribosomal Protein (S6-RP) downstream to EGFR and mTOR, respectively, were assessed by Western blot to determine the efficacy of the targeted drugs ex vivo and in vivo. The results were correlated with drug-mediated changes in tumor volumes. The effect of drugs on protein phosphorylation ex vivo was also analyzed in patient FNAB samples to show the clinical feasibility of the approach. Results: The degree of inhibition of target pathway activity in tumor cells treated with erlotinib or temsirolimus ex vivo closely correlates with tumor sensitivity in vivo. Xenograft animals sensitive to therapy showed the highest average inhibition of target protein phosphorylation in ex vivo assays, whereas tumors resistant to drugs gave the lowest one. Patient tumor samples yielded adequately cellular material to analyze the effect of erlotinib and temsirolimus in ex vivo assays. Conclusions: FNAB can be used to test ex vivo tumor response to targeted agents. These effects predicted pharmacodynamic as well as antitumor effects in a serie of pancreatic cancer xenografts. Implementation of these novel methods in clinical trials may be useful to identify patients that are likely to benefit from targeted therapeutics before being exposed to drugs and their potential side effects. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
87P: Qualitative and quantitative interpretation of F-18 FDG PET/CT to differentiate metastatic mediastinal lymph node in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients with benign mediastinal lymph node hyperplasia
Authors: Y.S. Kim, S.H. Yoon, B.S. Son, D.H. Kim, K. Kim, I.-J. Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2016)
Effect of Corticosteroids on Suppressor-Cell Activity in Autoimmune and Viral Chronic Active Hepatitis
Authors: Kayhan T. Nouri-Aria, John E. Hegarty, Graeme J. M. Alexander, Adrian L. W. F. Eddleston, Roger Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

We detected a severe defect in concanavalin A-induced suppressor-cell activity in 22 patients with "autoimmune" chronic active hepatitis and in 26 patients with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive chronic active hepatitis, as compared with 20 control subjects (P<0.01). Normal values were observed in 21 patients with "autoimmune" hepatitis in whom a remission had been induced and maintained by treatment with prednisolone. When lymphocytes from patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis were preincubated with low-dose prednisolone in vitro, suppressor-cell activity was substantially improved (P<0.01 ), but no clear effect of prednisolone was seen in cells from patients with HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. The loss of suppressor-cell activity in chronic active hepatitis may allow liver damage to continue, and the reversal of the defect in the autoimmune form of the disease by administration of low-dose prednisolone provides a plausible explanation for the efficacy of this treatment. The contrasting in vitro responses to prednisolone in autoimmune and HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis suggest that the fundamental nature of the suppressor-cell defect may be different in these two forms of the disease. (N Engl J Med. 1982; 307:1301–4.)
Phase II trial pemetrexed-based induction chemotherapy followed by concomitant chemoradiotherapy in previously irradiated head and neck cancer patients
Authors: V. M. Villaflor, E. E. Cohen, D. Haraf, K. Stenson, E. Blair, J. Salama, L. Portugal, R. Williams, A. Thomas, G. Gomez-Abuin, E. E. Vokes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6030 Background: Re-irradiation offers a therapeutic option for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients (pts) who experience local- regional failure or second primaries following definitive treatment. We hypothesized that induction chemotherapy (IC) would improve outcome and response to IC would predict survival in previously irradiated HNC patients treated with combined modality therapy (CMT). Methods: Eligible pts had recurrent HNC, prior RT, not amenable to standard therapy, and requiring local regional control. ECOG PS <2. Treatment consisted of IC (gemcitabine 1500 mg/m2 and pemetrexed on day 1, 14 q 28 days for 2 cycles); resection, if appropriate; and CMT with carboplatin AUC 5 and pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 on days 1, 22, and 43 with 63–70 Gy in 1.8 - 2 Gy single-daily fractionated RT. Results: Thirty-five pts enrolled with recurrent HNC. Characteristics include: age 43–76 yrs (median 58 yrs), 24 men, 11 women, 32 pts-positive tobacco history, 29-signigicant alcohol history and 10 pts with PS=0, 24 with PS=1 and 1 with PS=2. Response following IC included: PD- 9 PR- 11, SD- 10, NE- 5. 20/35 patients underwent surgical resection. 4 pts are alive with NED, and 3 are alive with disease. Radiological responses following CRT include: 5-CR, 6-NE/resected, 1-PR, 5-PD, and 18 pts not evaluable due to toxicity, disease progression, and withdrawal from protocol. Patients who progressed during induction had worsened PFS (p<0.001) and OS (p=0.03) then those pts who had SD, PR or CR. Acute grade 3/4 toxicities included 11-mucositis, 3-carotid hemorrhage[B1] (<90 days following CMT), 2-sepsis, 2-infection, 2-pancytopenia/thrombocytopenia, 1 cardiac arrest, 1 suicide, 1 renal failure, 1 respiratory distress, 1-CVA, 1-DVT. Conclusions: There was a 35% PR and 32% SD with IC. IC in the setting of reirradiation may be beneficial in predicting outcome in HNC. In our study, PD after IC was a poor prognostic indicator. Further investigation of IC and CMT in this population is warranted. Survival and PFS data Median OS Median PFS 1-year OS 1-year PFS 289 days 275 days 42% 32% Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Lilly Oncology Eli Lilly Lilly Oncology