tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-069 Effect of co-morbidities on urinary metabolic profiling in the characterisation of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: STR Powles, LC Hicks, B Jiménez, C Merrifield, E Holmes, HRT Williams, TR Orchard
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Several studies have successfully used metabolic profiling (metabonomics) of urine to distinguish patients with IBD from healthy controls,<sup>1</sup>many discriminatory metabolites identified relate to microbial or host-microbial co-metabolism, supporting the concept of gut dysbiosis in IBD pathogenesis. An individual’s metabolic phenotype may be influenced by factors including comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, and previous studies have been restricted to IBD patients with no significant comorbidities which does not accurately reflect clinical practice. In order to assess the potential of metabonomics in a clinically relevant population, this study analysed urinary metabolic profiles of IBD patients with and without comorbidities. <h3>Method</h3> Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to acquire urinary metabolic data from 51 IBD patients with at least one significant comorbidity (including diabetes mellitus, asthma and ischaemic heart disease), 46 patients with IBD alone, and 54 healthy controls. Groups were matched for age, sex, race, BMI and IBD diagnosis. As a preliminary analysis, resonances specific for metabolites influenced by gut microbes based on prior observations were integrated and analysed using appropriate univariate statistics. <h3>Results</h3> Univariate analysis showed that hippurate excretion was significantly lower in patients with IBD and comorbidities compared to healthy controls (p = 0.01), as well as patients with IBD alone (p = 0.04) confirming results of other published studies. In addition, trimethylamine (TMA) levels were relatively increased in patients with IBD and comorbidities (p = 0.03) and IBD alone (p = 0.07) compared to healthy controls, although trimethylamine-<i>N-</i>oxide (TMAO) levels showed no significant difference due to IBD or comorbid status. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this study urinary hippurate was significantly lower in IBD patients, regardless of other comorbid diagnoses or treatments, which is consistent with previous studies. Hippurate is not a specific marker for IBD but rather related to gut microbiome metabolic dysfunction as it has also been observed when comparing the urine metabolic profile of lean and obese people and in intestinal parasitic infections. The relative increase in TMA has not been previously reported in humans, but correlates with a study that shows increasing TMA with progression of IBD in the IL10 knock-out mouse model.<sup>2</sup>Future work will include multivariate analysis of this dataset to elucidate metabolic phenotypes associated with complex comorbidities in IBD. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Williams HR <i>et al</i>.<i>Am J Gastroenterol</i>. 2009;104(7):1894 Murdoch T <i>et al</i>. Anal. Chem. 2008;80:5524–5531
AB0314 Association of Rheumatoid Factor and Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody Status with Orthopedic Surgeries for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
Authors: S. Mizuki, K. Higashioka, K. Yoshida, K. Oryoji, K. Kamada, E. Yokota
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Both rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti–citrullinated protein antibody (ACP) are associated with bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, there has been little investigation into whether these autoantibodies could interact and/or contribute to orthopedic surgeries for RA patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the role of RF and ACP positivity status as a contributor to orthopedic surgeries for RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The study examined orthopedic surgery database with linkage to RF/ACP data set. Patients were categorized into the following four groups: double-positive (RF+ or high/ACP+ or high), RF+ or high/ACP- or low, RF- or low/ACP+ or high and double-negative (RF- or low /ACP- or low). <h3>Results</h3> Among 2,052 RA patients, 332 (16.2%) patients underwent orthopedic surgeries. Using receiver operating characteristics analysis, RF and ACP level to associate orthopedic surgeries were 34 IU/ml and 4.1 U/ml, respectively. 19.9% (244/1255), 19.7% (27/137), 14.3% (40/279) and 5.1% (21/411) of patients underwent orthopedic surgeries in RF high (RF&gt;34 IU/ml)/ACP high (ACP&gt;4.1 U/ml), RF high/ACP low, RF low/ACP high and RF low/ACP low patients, respectively (p&lt;0.001). Next, we analyzed a total of 155 orthopedic surgical procedures of small joints (hand and forefoot). RF/ACP double positive was 87.7%, RF+/ACP- was 8.4%, RF-/ACP+ was 3.3% and double negative was 0.6%. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Concomitant presence of RF and ACP is associated with orthopedic surgeries. Our data suggest that RF may contribute to RA joint destruction regardless of the presence of ACP. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0912 Subclinical Hypovitaminosis D and Osteoporosis in Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: T.A. Gheita, S. Sayed, W. Hammam, G. Hegazy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Vitamin D may play a role in breast cancer prevention. While the association between Vitamin D and breast cancer risk/prognosis is still controversial, a high proportion of women at-risk for breast cancer or affected by the disease have deficient vitamin D levels. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study was designed to detect the incidence of osteoporosis and circulating concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D level in breast cancer patients as well as their relation to the treatment received and to stage of breast cancer. <h3>Methods</h3> Seventy-four female patients with breast cancer were included in the study; their mean age was 47.89±9.59years. Another fifty-two age and sex matched subjects were included as control. All patients were receiving chemotherapy, 40 received hormonal therapy, 50 radiotherapy and 10 surgically removed. Vitamin D level and dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were performed for patients and control <h3>Results</h3> Vitamin D level was significantly higher in the control (23.66±5.2 IU/L) than in patients (18.37±6.25 IU/L) (p&lt;0.0001). There was a tendency to a normal DXA score in the forearm of the patients while the score of the hip and spine were significantly different from that of the control (p=0.001 and p=0.034 respectively). In patients, there were significant correlations between 25(OH)D3 and hip DXA (r=0.25, p=0.03), and significant negative correlations between tumor grades and DXA of hip, forearm and spine (r= -0.42, r=-0.39, r=-0.45 respectively; p&lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our finding support low serum vitamin D concentration in breast cancer patients. In addition, their BMD of the hip is obviously reduced. The sub-clinically detected hypovitaminosis D and osteoporosis throw light on the importance of offering calcium and vitamin D supplements to breast cancer patients. It is further recommended that breast cancer patients have a DXA scan performed at baseline and repeatedly on a yearly basis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Seizures induced by acute loxapine overdose
Authors: C D Peterson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The author reviewed records of 10 patients who had experienced acute loxapine overdose. The most frequent medical complications were CNS depression, sinus tachycardia, hypertension, and hypothermia; 6 patients had had generalized major motor seizures, 1 had had recurrent paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and 2 had had transient renal insufficiency from rhabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria. Other clinical effects from loxapine overdose were predominantly anticholinergic. The author recommends that loxapine-overdose patients receive ECG monitoring and treatment of medical complications in an intensive care unit.
68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT is an Accurate Imaging Modality in the Detection of Culprit Tumors Causing Osteomalacia
Authors: Jingjing Zhang, Zhaohui Zhu, Dingrong Zhong, Yonghong Dang, Haiqun Xing, Yanrong Du, Hongli Jing, Zhen Qiao, Xiaoping Xing, Hongming Zhuang, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Objectives Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is generally caused by small benign mesenchymal tumors producing fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23). The only curative therapy of the disease is resection of the causative tumors. However, these tumors are extremely difficult to detect using conventional imaging modalities. This research was undertaken to evaluate efficacy of 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT in this clinical setting. Methods Images of 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT and clinical charts from 54 patients with clinically suspected TIO were retrospectively reviewed. The image findings were compared with the results of histopathological examinations and clinical follow-ups. Results 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT scans were positive in 44 patients, among which, 33 had surgery to remove the lesions. Postsurgical pathological examination confirmed causative tumors in 32 patients whose symptoms diminished promptly, and the serum phosphate levels became normal, which confirmed the diagnoses of TIO. Eleven patients with positive 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT did not have surgery. These 11 patients continued to have symptoms and hypophosphatemia but were not included in the final analysis because of lack of evidence to confirm or exclude TIO. Ten patients had negative 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT scans. All of these10 patients responded to conservative therapy and had normal serum phosphate levels in the follow-up, which excluded TIO. Therefore, the 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT imaging had a sensitivity of 100% (32/32) and a specificity of 90.9% (10/11). The overall accuracy of 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT scan in the detection of tumors responsible for osteomalacia is 97.7% (42/43). Conclusions 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT scan is an accurate imaging modality in the detection of tumors causing TIO.
Case 14-1984
Authors: Joel M. Rappeport, Nancy L. Harris, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Presentation of CaseA 29-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of increasing cough and dyspnea.She was well until nine years earlier, when mild dyspnea and a chronic cough developed during her first pregnancy and gradually increased in severity. Ten months before admission the dyspnea became more marked. Five months before entry the cough and dyspnea worsened acutely, and arthralgia and fever developed. She was admitted to this hospital. She had lost 18 kg in weight in three years, including 9 kg during the last six months. Examination revealed dyspnea, crackles, rhonchi, and wheezes in both lungs, shotty . . .
Deep phenotyping of Tregs identifies an immune signature for idiopathic aplastic anemia and predicts response to treatment
Authors: Shahram Kordasti, Benedetta Costantini, Thomas Seidl, Pilar Perez Abellan, Marc Martinez Llordella, Donal McLornan, Kirsten E. Diggins, Austin Kulasekararaj, Cinzia Benfatto, Xingmin Feng, Alexander Smith, Syed A. Mian, Rossella Melchiotti, Emanuele de Rinaldis, Richard Ellis, Nedyalko Petrov, Giovanni A. M. Povoleri, Sun Sook Chung, N. Shaun B. Thomas, Farzin Farzaneh, Jonathan M. Irish, Susanne Heck, Neal S. Young, Judith C. W. Marsh, Ghulam J. Mufti
Journal: Blood (2016)
A double-blind crossover trial of imipramine and phenelzine for outpatients with treatment-refractory depression
Authors: P J McGrath, J W Stewart, E V Nunes, K Ocepek-Welikson, J G Rabkin, F M Quitkin, D F Klein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Data from controlled studies concerning the response rates of patients to a second antidepressant medication after they have been unresponsive to a systematic trial of another antidepressant are extremely useful to clinicians for rational prescription of pharmacotherapy. Such information allows making an accurate prognosis, sustaining realistic hope in the patient, and achieving the best possible therapeutic outcome. This study was designed to add to the scanty literature available on this subject.Eighty-nine mood-reactive, nonmelancholic, mainly chronically depressed outpatients at a university research clinic who were unresponsive to vigorous double-blind trials of imipramine or phenelzine were crossed over to treatment with the other drug under double-blind conditions.Of 46 patients previously unresponsive to imipramine who completed phenelzine treatment, 31 (67%) responded to phenelzine. Of 22 patients previously unresponsive to phenelzine who completed imipramine treatment, nine (41%) responded to imipramine. The difference in response rates was statistically significant. Even after they had shown no response to 7 weeks of placebo and 6 weeks of imipramine treatment, 10 (83%) of 12 patients who then completed treatment with phenelzine responded.These data suggest that among chronically ill, mood-reactive depressed patients with many symptoms of atypical depression, phenelzine is strikingly effective in those who have been nonresponders to imipramine and should be tried in such patients.
The Short Lef-1 Isoform, Lacking The β-Catenin Binding Domain, Is Not Acting As a Dominant Negative Lef-1 Variant, But Is a Hematopoietic Active Protein With Unique DNA Binding Properties
Authors: Katrin Elisabeth Edmaier, Kira Stahnke, Naidu M Vegi, Medhanie A Mulaw, Christian Buske
Journal: Blood (2013)
Reply to C. Mary Schooling, Grace Sembajwe and Ilir Agalliu's Letter to the Editor re: Christina G. Jespersen, Mette Nørgaard, Michael Borre. Androgen-deprivation Therapy in Treatment of Prostate Cancer and Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke: A Nationwide Danish Population-based Cohort Study. Eur Urol. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2013.02.002
Authors: Christina Gade Jespersen, Mette Nørgaard, Michael Borre
Journal: European Urology (2013)
68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR Imaging of Urinary Bladder Paraganglioma
Authors: Rakesh S. Sajjan, Maria Gavra, Kanhaiyalal Agrawal, Rizwan Syed, Jamshed Bomanji
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Paragangliomas of the urinary bladder are very rare. They are extra-adrenal autonomic nervous system tumors. This report presents a case of a 13-year-old boy with urinary bladder paraganglioma and the role of somatostatin receptor imaging with simultaneous positron emission tomography magnetic resonance (PET/MR). We have also described appearances of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine ((123)I-MIBG) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT/CT) in comparison to somatostatin receptor imaging.
AB0224 Genetic Predictors of Response to TNF Alpha Inhibitors in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: M. Zajc Avramovič, V. Dolžan, N. Toplak, M. Accetto, L. Lusa, T. Avcin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α) inhibitors are efficient drugs in treating patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), refractory to treatment with methotrexate. Nevertheless, a proportion of patients does not reach and sustain remission. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promotor of TNF α and in the gene of TNF receptor-associated factor 1 (TRAF1) have been previously reported to be associated with response to treatment with biologics in adults patients with rheumatoid arthritis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promotor gene for TNF α and in the genes for TRAF on response to therapy with TNF α inhibitors in JIA. <h3>Methods</h3> The data of 61 consecutive patients with JIA treated with TNF α inhibitors at the University Children9s Hospital Ljubljana from June 2011 to January 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The disease activity was measured by JADAS 71 score 6 months after the beginning of treatment with TNF α blocker. Genotyping of SNPs in the genes for TNF α was performed using real time PCR methods. The following SNPs were analyzed: TNF A308G, TRAF 1b rs 3761847, TRAF 1a rs 10818488. Fisher exact test was used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> The study group included 43 (70%) girls and 18 (30%) boys with JIA. Mean age at disease onset was 8.7 years. Seven (11%) patients had systemic arthritis, 19 (31%) polyarthritis (2 out of these were RF positive), 10 (15%) persistent oligoarthritis, 14 (22%) extended oligoarthritis, 7 (11%) juvenile psoriatic arthritis and 4 (7%) patients suffered from enthesitis related arthritis. Median disease duration until TNF α blockers were introduced was 18 months. Patients received 3 different TNF α blockers, 24 (39%) patients received infliximab, 22 (36%) etanercept and 15 (25%) adalimumab, respectively. Mean follow up time was 80 months. Six months after treatment was introduced 33 (54%) patients had inactive disease. Mean time to inactive disease was 6.9 months. Eight (13%) patients received two and 3 (5%) patients received three different TNF α blockers in the follow up period. Fifty one (84%) patients had at least one polymorphic allele in TRAF 1a rs 10818488 and 42 (69%) had at least one polymorphic allele in TRAF 1b rs 3761847. Using Fisher exact test no statistically significant relationship was found between the analyzed SNPs and inactive disease after 6 months of treatment. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The analyzed SNPs in the promotor gene for TNF α and in the TRAF genes do not seem to significantly affect response to TNF α inhibitors in JIA. TRAF 1a rs 10818488 and TRAF 1b rs 3761847 might be associated with increased disease susceptibility as the incidence of polymorphic alleles was high in the population studied. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
An Agent from &lt;italic&gt;E. coli&lt;/italic&gt; Causing Hemorrhage and Regression of an Experimental Mouse Tumor. V. Behavior of the Agent in the Presence of Various Reagents&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Miyoshi Ikawa, J. B. Koepfli, Seeley G. Mudd, Carl Niemann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

An Agent from E. coli Causing Hemorrhage and Regression of an Experimental Mouse Tumor. V. Behavior of the Agent in the Presence of Various Reagents Get access Miyoshi Ikawa, Miyoshi Ikawa The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. B. Koepfli, J. B. Koepfli The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Seeley G. Mudd, Seeley G. Mudd The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Carl Niemann Carl Niemann The Gates and Crellin Laboratories of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 5, April 1954, Pages 1195–1201, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.5.1195 Published: 01 April 1954 Article history Received: 12 December 1953 Published: 01 April 1954
Teflon
Authors: Lloyd B. Tepper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE polymer of tetrafluoroethylene known as "Teflon" is a thermoplastic resin possessing a variety of highly desirable properties. Its high melting point and outstanding resistance to organic solvents and strong acids and alkalis have promoted its expanding use in laboratory ware, chemical valve packings and gaskets, hydraulic hoses and so forth. The formed plastic is physiologically inert, insoluble, nonirritating to the skin and nontoxic when taken by mouth. Consequently, it is mentioned with increasing frequency in the medical literature as a valuable structural material for prosthetic devices (such as cardiac valves and vascular replacements) that are to remain in contact . . .
&lt;TITLE&gt;Treating Nicotine Dependence&lt;/TITLE&gt;
Authors: E D Glover, P N Glover
Journal: JAMA (2000)

To explore the biology of nicotine addiction and to discuss the latest effective treatments for nicotine dependence. Research indicates that the most effective methods for treating nicotine dependence are nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and bupropion SR (BUP). We conclude that pharmacological adjuncts (NRT & BUP) achieve their greatest success when combined with behavioral counseling.
Case 41-1971
Authors: Arnold L. Smith, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Presentation of CaseA four-day-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of tachypnea and cyanosis.The child was the product of a normal pregnancy, labor and delivery of a 28-year-old, gravida 2, para 1, woman. He was graded 9 on the Apgar scale one minute and five minutes after birth, and examination was negative. The baby roomed with his mother and took breast feedings well. Two days after birth a Grade 2 systolic murmur was heard along the left sternal border; the heart was not enlarged. The liver was felt 1 or 2 cm below the right costal margin. . . .
Newly Identified BRAF Mutation in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Fanny Arnoux, Frederic Fina, Nathalie Lambert, Nathalie Balandraud, Marielle Martin, L'Houcine Ouafik, Sami B. Kanaan, Jean Roudier, Isabelle Auger
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)-associated autoantibodies include those directed at the kinase site of BRAF (v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1), a serine-threonine kinase involved in the MAPK signaling pathway. To understand anti-BRAF immunization, we sought to identify BRAF mutations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of patients with RA.We first cloned the major BRAF region known for mutations in the pCR2.1 vector, using genomic DNA from the PBLs of 8 RA patients. For each patient, 100 clones were sequenced. In 5 of 8 patients, we detected a new BRAF mutation in 1 clone. The frequency of this new mutation was evaluated by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction in PBLs from RA patients and controls. To test whether p.Val600Ala influences the kinase activity of BRAF, we developed an in vitro assay based on phosphorylation of MEK-1, a major BRAF substrate.A BRAF mutation, p.Val600Ala, was identified in 1 of 8,000 PBLs and 1 of 6,000 T lymphocytes from RA patients and in 1 of 12,500 PBLs and 1 of 12,500 T lymphocytes from controls. The BRAF p.Val600Ala mutation was not correlated with the presence of anti-BRAF autoantibodies. The p.Val600Ala mutation activated phosphorylation of MEK-1 in vitro.Most RA patients have a p.Val600Ala mutation in the BRAF gene. This mutation activates the kinase activity of BRAF. The p.Val600Ala mutation could activate the MAPK pathway, leading to the activation of T lymphocytes.
Improved Survival of Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension with <i>BMPR2</i> Mutations in the Last Decade
Authors: Sarasa Isobe, Masaharu Kataoka, Yuki Aimi, Shinobu Gamou, Toru Satoh, Keiichi Fukuda
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)