tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An unusual retroperitoneal lesion causing recurrent acute pancreatitis
Authors: Sho Kitagawa, Hiroyuki Miyakawa
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 71-year-old man presented with postprandial upper abdominal pain. He had not drunk any alcohol. Nevertheless, he had experienced four episodes of acute pancreatitis of unknown etiology in the last 2 months. His serum amylase (3135 U/L) and lipase (8472 U/L) were elevated, and subsequent computed tomography showed acute pancreatitis and an encapsulated mass of fatty density around the duodenum ([Fig. 1]).
Presidential address: the plight of clinical cancer research.
Authors: P S Schein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1984.2.12.1433 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 6512587 Presidential address: the plight of clinical cancer research. P S ScheinxP S ScheinSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1984.2.12.1433 First Page PDF © 1984 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract A47: Expression of oncogenic alleles induces multiple blocks to HCMV infection
Authors: Shihao Xu, Xenia Schafer, Joshua Munger
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) poses serious threats to newborns and immune-compromised individuals. In contrast to most viruses studied, HCMV is unable to replicate in cancerous cells, but the mechanisms of this restriction are unclear. We explored these mechanisms by determining whether defined oncogenic alleles including the simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigens and oncogenic HRas G12V could inhibit HCMV replication. Our results show that the expression of SV40 T antigens blocks HCMV replication. In contrast, the replication of a related herpes virus, herpes simplex virus I, is not impacted by T antigen expression. The earliest restriction of HCMV infection involves a block of viral entry, as T antigen expression prevents viral tegument protein delivery. Subsequently we find that T antigen expression reduces the accumulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) alpha, a host protein that facilitates HCMV entry. Viral entry, gene expression and DNA replication could be partially rescued by PDGFR alpha over-expression. However, production of infectious viral progeny is not restored by PDGFR alpha over-expression in T antigen-expressing fibroblasts. Analysis of viral gene expression indicates that the accumulation of immediate early 2 (IE2), the major viral transcriptional activator, is inhibited by T antigen expression. Restoration of IE2 expression markedly increases downstream HCMV gene expression but not virion production, suggesting additional viral restrictions induced by T antigen. Similarly, PDGFR alpha over-expression in Hela cells markedly increases HCMV gene expression and DNA replication but not virion production. Combined, our results indicate that oncogenic alleles induce multiple restrictions to HCMV infection. Citation Format: Shihao Xu, Xenia Schafer, Joshua Munger. Expression of oncogenic alleles induces multiple blocks to HCMV infection. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A47.
A highly conserved nuclear gene for low-level phylogenetics: elongation factor-1 alpha recovers morphology-based tree for heliothine moths.
Authors: S Cho, A Mitchell, J C Regier, C Mitter, R W Poole, T P Friedlander, S Zhao
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Molecular systematists need increased access to nuclear genes. Highly conserved, low copy number protein-encoding nuclear genes have attractive features for phylogenetic inference but have heretofore been applied mostly to very ancient divergences. By virtue of their synonymous substitutions, such genes should contain a wealth of information about lower-level taxonomic relationships as well, with the advantage that amino acid conservatism makes both alignment and primer definition straightforward. We tested this postulate for the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1 alpha) gene in the noctuid moth subfamily Heliothinae, which has probably diversified since the middle Tertiary. We sequenced 1,240 bp in 18 taxa representing heliothine groupings strongly supported by previous morphological and allozyme studies. The single most parsimonious gene tree and the neighbor-joining tree for all nucleotides show almost complete concordance with the morphological tree. Homoplasy and pairwise divergence levels are low, transition/transversion ratios are high, and phylogenetic information is spread evenly across gene regions. The EF-1 alpha gene and presumably other highly conserved genes hold much promise for phylogenetics of Tertiary age eukaryote groups.
ESGE/ESGENA Guideline for Live Demonstration Courses
Authors: A Kruse, U Beilenhoff, A T Axon
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

The Governing Boards of the ESGE and ESGENA are proud to present guidelines for the organization and conduct of educational activities including live demonstration of endoscopic techniques. Such live demonstrations have a high educational value, surpassing edited videotape teaching as well as teaching using simulators.
Adjuvant Treatment with a Vitamin A Analogue (Etretinate) after Transurethral Resection of Superficial Bladder Tumors
Authors: Urs E. Studer, Stephan Jenzer, Cédric Biederman, Dominique Chollet, Kraft Rainer, Hannes von Toggenburg, Franz Vonbank
Journal: European Urology (1995)
Multiple Myeloma and Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm on Myocardial Perfusion Raw Images
Authors: Tahereh Ghaedian, Sima Mortazavi, Mahdi Haghighatafshar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Reviewing cine display of planar projections just after data acquisition of myocardial perfusion imaging is helpful not only for checking quality of the study but also for better interpretation of incidental findings by acquiring more helpful images. We present a patient with significant skeletal 99mTc-MIBI uptake accompanied by a large photopenic area in abdominal cavity in myocardial perfusion imaging raw images that were further confirmed as multiple myeloma and thrombotic abdominal aortic aneurysm, respectively.
The failure to detect low IQ in psychiatric assessment
Authors: T E Gift, J S Strauss, B A Ritzler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors assessed the IQs of 188 hospitalized psychiatric patients and found that 27 (14.4%) had IQs of 85 or less. However, the psychiatric records of 22 of the patients with low IQs showed that only 5 contained any mention of level of intellectual functioning. These findings suggest that a variable of major importance for diagnosis and treatment planning is often ignored.
Applications of LhRh agonists against a wide range of gynecologic cancers.
Authors: H W Bruckner, B T Motwani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.6.816 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2497230 Applications of LhRh agonists against a wide range of gynecologic cancers. H W BrucknerxH W BrucknerSearch for articles by this author , B T MotwanixB T MotwaniSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.6.816 PDF "Applications of LhRh agonists against a wide range of gynecologic cancers.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(6), pp. 816–817© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer
Authors: F Vilardell
Journal: BMJ (1936)

Gastric cancer is still a major cause of death in Europe. Radiologic examination continues to be the diagnostic method of choice, but its accuracy is no more than 50% at the first examination and 75% after repeated procedures. Fiberscopy with biopsy and/or cytology may provide a definitive preoperative diagnosis in as many as 90% of instances, including early cancer cases. With the widespread use of endoscopy it is possible to predict the discovery of one early cancer every 300-400 endoscopies in patients with gastric symptoms. In 5 years, 1,195 early gastric cancers have been found in Europe. These data afford grounds for greater optimism in gastric cancer management.
Antimetastatic Properties of Low Molecular Weight Heparin
Authors: Heinz Läubli, Ajit Varki, Lubor Borsig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

TO THE EDITOR: The well-performed and important FRAGMATIC (Dalteparin in Preventing Blood Clots in Patients With Lung Cancer) trial reported by Macbeth et al concluded that the addition of prophylactic doses of the lowmolecular weight heparin (LMWH) dalteparin for 24 weeks to standard of care in patients with lung cancer did not improve overall survival; the rate of venous thromboembolism was significantly reduced but at the cost of an increase in bleeding complications. There was also no significant effect on metastasis in the group that received dalteparin. Although the results are important for this particular clinical situation, we are concerned that generalization of the concept that LMWHs do not have antitumor or antimetastatic effects could hamper further development of effective treatment algorithms, including LMWHs, for patients with cancer. Heparins are highly sulfated glycosaminoglycans, and we previously reported the impact of heparins (in particular, tinzaparin) in preclinical models that demonstrated strong inhibition of tumor colonization via interference with binding of Pand L-selectin to cancer mucins. Of note, dalteparin is not a good inhibitor of selectin-mediated interactions compared with tinzaparin and unfractionated heparin. Tinzaparin or unfractionated heparin have higher negative charge and longer chains of glycosaminoglycans and thus they may be favored over dalteparin as antimetastatic agents. Heparin inhibition of P-selectin–mediated interactions reduced platelet binding to mucins on tumor cells, increased immunemediated clearing during hematogenous dissemination, and blocked L-selectin–mediated recruitment of monocytes required for tumor cell extravasation and organ colonization. Although the authors should be congratulated for having chosen overall survival (and not only the occurrence of venous thromboembolism) as an end point, the FRAGMATIC trial was not designed to examine the antimetastatic properties of LMWHs. Studies that test LMWHs with better antimetastatic properties such as tinzaparin should be conducted in a setting clearly defined for preventing metastasis. The best environment for testing an antimetastatic agent would be localized cancers that are being definitively treated by surgery or radiation together with chemotherapy. Trials that test tinzaparin in the adjuvant or perioperative setting for patients with lung cancer (eg, NCT00475098; Effect of Low Molecular Weight Heparin: Tinzaparin in Lung Tumours [TILT]) and resectable cancer of the colon (eg, NCT01455831; Extended Peri-operative Tinzaparin to Improve Disease-Free Survival in Patients With Resectable Colorectal Cancer [PERIOP-01]) are ongoing. They are better suited for answering questions about the antimetastatic properties of LMWHs.
Clinical medical officers
Authors: J. Brotherston
Journal: BMJ (1979)

their dependency on remuneration from the State. Theoretically, present maximum part-time contract holders would marginally increase their share of remuneration from the State in the change from the present fraction of 9/11 to one of 13/15 but, if the Review Body were to meet the full aspirations of the negotiators and accept 10 sessions as the equivalent of a whole time salary, the change would not be so small. Mr Bolt quotes as the single most important feature of the new contract the fact that it offers consultants the right to seek remunera tion outside the State service, without loss of any part of the salary which they have earned within it. I am sure that present full-time consultants would like to hear the evidence from which they may reasonably anticipate that the opening to private earnings will be for them both significant and attainable. Do substantial opportunities, which are not already taken up, exist across the regions and across the spread of specialties ? If the answer is doubtful our negotiators must not count on widespread support, and the idea of a shift in the balance of earning away from State de pendency becomes equally questionable. The greatest strength to carry into negotia tion with Government would come from a consultant body united in its purpose; but study of these correspondence columns alone shows how far the proposed contract change has served to sharpen the division in the consultant ranks. John Leopold
Abstract A23: Bone marrow derived myeloid cells orchestrate resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in novel chimeric mouse model of glioblastoma
Authors: B.R Achyut, Adarsh Shankar, Asm Iskander, Roxan Ara, Kartik Angara, Robert Knight, Alfonso Scicli, Ali Arbab
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is considered as hypervascular form of brain tumors. Anti-angiogenic therapies (AAT) were used as an adjuvant against VEGF-VEGFR pathway to normalize blood vessels. Surprisingly, AAT resulted into marked hypoxia and recruited bone marrow derived cells (BMDCs) to the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nonavailability of in vivo model limits investigation of BMDCs in AAT resistance. We established a novel chimeric mouse model using as low as 5x106 BM cells from GFP+ transgenic mice, administered through i.v route in athymic nude mice following whole body irradiation, which resulted in &amp;gt;70% engraftment within 14 days. We exploited chimeric mouse model to develop orthotopic U251 tumor and tested receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and CXCR4 antagonist against GBM. Increased infiltration of GFP+ BMDCs acquiring suppressive myeloid and endothelial phenotypes in TME, and increased tumor growth were observed following treatments. Inhibition of CSFR1+ myeloid cells using GW2580 reduced tumor growth by decreasing myeloid and angiogenic cells in TME. This was followed by decreased inflammatory, proangiogenic and immune suppressive factors compared to vehicle and other treated groups. In conclusion, we developed preclinical chimeric model of GBM and role of tumor infiltrated BMDCs were investigated in context of resistance of AATs by utilizing state of art multispectral optical and MR imaging. Study suggests that inhibiting immune suppressive myeloid cells could provide a better therapeutic benefit in GBM. Citation Format: B.R Achyut, Adarsh Shankar, Asm Iskander, Roxan Ara, Kartik Angara, Robert Knight, Alfonso Scicli, Ali Arbab. Bone marrow derived myeloid cells orchestrate resistance to antiangiogenic therapy in novel chimeric mouse model of glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Advances in Brain Cancer Research; May 27-30, 2015; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(23 Suppl):Abstract nr A23.
Cauliflower Excrescence of the Os Uteri
Authors: J. B. Hicks
Journal: BMJ (1873)

that the process never did any harm.These facts, in their I bearing on asphyxia, are most valuable, as are also some others which illustrate that a living body may be submerged in water several minutes, and may yet recover after removal; but they have nothing directly to do with anoesthesia as a scientific study.Perfect anaesthesia is, in principle, the art of suspending sensation and sensibility without inter- fering with those processes on which the continuance of life depends.The administration of a gas which stops the process of respiration, though it suspends sensation and sensibility, for a short period prior to death, is no part of this perfected art; and we shall persist, notwithstanding Dr. Colton's practical knowledge, in upholding the principle of scientific investigation until the art is perfected.-ED.L.
Detection of cervical cancer.
Authors: R L MARKLEY, D A ROBNETT, G A GALVIN
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Leading Articles MEDICALJous ment makes antisera and antitoxins for, inter alia, diphtheria, tetanus, gas gangrene, botulism, anthrax, and scorpion poison.In addition to studies of antitoxin production it has also a special interest in the immunopathology of trypanosomal infections and the blood-feeding habits of insect vectors of trypanosomiasis and other diseases.In the field of viral vaccines the Institute is best known for its smallpox vaccine, of which it is the largest manufacturer in the country.It has led the way in the mass production of dried heat-stable vaccine for tropical use, and recent researches give promise both of a novel smallpox vaccine inactivated photodynamically and of a rabies vaccine designed to minimize the risk of encephalitis.Also at Elstree is the large Blood Products Laboratory, established in collaboration with the Medical Research Coun- cil.There freeze-dried whole plasma, albumin, fibrinogen, thrombin, and concentrated antihaemophilic factor are pre- pared for use in surgery and gammaglobulins for the preven- tion of measles and other diseases.It is noteworthy that many of the techniques employed originated in basic research at Chelsea.As well as these pursuits the Lister Institute has important educational functions.It is a School of London University, and the 56 graduate scientists on its staff include five pro- fessors, one reader, and seven recognized teachers.As well as accepting Ph.D. students time is devoted to training workers from overseas, particularly from developing countries, in production methods.It is of interest that the Institute conducts all these activities without direct financial subvention from Government or university sources.For special projects it receives support from various research councils, from private donations, and from non-governmental bodies.Otherwise its finances are based on its own endowment fund and on the sale of immuno- logical products.In this sense, then, the Lister Institute is something of an anomaly in a period when the trend toward governmental control of science is increasing.But it is clear that as well as making vaccines the Institute also makes a first-rate contribution to medical science in Great Britain.The record of its first 75 years and the continued expansion ,of its manifold interests give every promise of an even more productive future.
Firearm Access and Risk of Suicide—Reply
Authors: Jeffrey W. Swanson, Richard J. Bonnie, Paul S. Appelbaum
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prediction models for cardiovascular disease risk in the general population: systematic review
Authors: Johanna A A G Damen, Lotty Hooft, Ewoud Schuit, Thomas P A Debray, Gary S Collins, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Camille M Lassale, George C M Siontis, Virginia Chiocchia, Corran Roberts, Michael Maia Schlüssel, Stephen Gerry, James A Black, Pauline Heus, Yvonne T van der Schouw, Linda M Peelen, Karel G M Moons
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To provide an overview of prediction models for risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Systematic review. <b>Data sources</b>&nbsp;Medline and Embase until June 2013. <b>Eligibility criteria for study selection</b>&nbsp;Studies describing the development or external validation of a multivariable model for predicting CVD risk in the general population. <b>Results</b>&nbsp;9965 references were screened, of which 212 articles were included in the review, describing the development of 363 prediction models and 473 external validations. Most models were developed in Europe (n=167, 46%), predicted risk of fatal or non-fatal coronary heart disease (n=118, 33%) over a 10 year period (n=209, 58%). The most common predictors were smoking (n=325, 90%) and age (n=321, 88%), and most models were sex specific (n=250, 69%). Substantial heterogeneity in predictor and outcome definitions was observed between models, and important clinical and methodological information were often missing. The prediction horizon was not specified for 49 models (13%), and for 92 (25%) crucial information was missing to enable the model to be used for individual risk prediction. Only 132 developed models (36%) were externally validated and only 70 (19%) by independent investigators. Model performance was heterogeneous and measures such as discrimination and calibration were reported for only 65% and 58% of the external validations, respectively. <b>Conclusions</b>&nbsp;There is an excess of models predicting incident CVD in the general population. The usefulness of most of the models remains unclear owing to methodological shortcomings, incomplete presentation, and lack of external validation and model impact studies. Rather than developing yet another similar CVD risk prediction model, in this era of large datasets, future research should focus on externally validating and comparing head-to-head promising CVD risk models that already exist, on tailoring or even combining these models to local settings, and investigating whether these models can be extended by addition of new predictors.
Case 32-1975
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Ernest H. Picard, Edward P. Richardson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Presentation of CaseA 68-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of loss of consciousness.Four years previously he began to experience difficulty in keeping his eyes open, slowing of motor activity and imbalance on walking. A physician prescribed levodopa, without effect, and the medication was discontinued. Intermittent diplopia and dysphagia developed. Two and a half years before admission a test with edrophonium chloride was interpreted as positive, but an electromyographic study of several muscles, including the orbicularis oculi, showed no abnormality. Pyridostigmine bromide followed by neostigmine caused no improvement. The ptosis became more marked; splints and an operation . . .