tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modeling Contagion Through Social Networks to Explain and Predict Gunshot Violence in Chicago, 2006 to 2014
Authors: Ben Green, Thibaut Horel, Andrew V. Papachristos
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

<h3>Importance</h3> Every day in the United States, more than 200 people are murdered or assaulted with a firearm. Little research has considered the role of interpersonal ties in the pathways through which gun violence spreads. <h3>Objective</h3> To evaluate the extent to which the people who will become subjects of gun violence can be predicted by modeling gun violence as an epidemic that is transmitted between individuals through social interactions. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study was an epidemiological analysis of a social network of individuals who were arrested during an 8-year period in Chicago, Illinois, with connections between people who were arrested together for the same offense. Modeling of the spread of gunshot violence over the network was assessed using a probabilistic contagion model that assumed individuals were subject to risks associated with being arrested together, in addition to demographic factors, such as age, sex, and neighborhood residence. Participants represented a network of 138 163 individuals who were arrested between January 1, 2006, and March 31, 2014 (29.9% of all individuals arrested in Chicago during this period), 9773 of whom were subjects of gun violence. Individuals were on average 27 years old at the midpoint of the study, predominantly male (82.0%) and black (75.6%), and often members of a gang (26.2%). <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Explanation and prediction of becoming a subject of gun violence (fatal or nonfatal) using epidemic models based on person-to-person transmission through a social network. <h3>Results</h3> Social contagion accounted for 63.1% of the 11 123 gunshot violence episodes; subjects of gun violence were shot on average 125 days after their infector (the person most responsible for exposing the subject to gunshot violence). Some subjects of gun violence were shot more than once. Models based on both social contagion and demographics performed best; when determining the 1.0% of people (n = 1382) considered at highest risk to be shot each day, the combined model identified 728 subjects of gun violence (6.5%) compared with 475 subjects of gun violence (4.3%) for the demographics model (53.3% increase) and 589 subjects of gun violence (5.3%) for the social contagion model (23.6% increase). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Gunshot violence follows an epidemic-like process of social contagion that is transmitted through networks of people by social interactions. Violence prevention efforts that account for social contagion, in addition to demographics, have the potential to prevent more shootings than efforts that focus on only demographics.
Fludarabine induces higher response rates in first line therapy of older patients with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia than chlorambucil Interim analysis of a phase III study of the German CLL Study Group
Authors: Barbara F. Eichhorst, Raymonde Busch, Martina Stauch, Michael Kneba, Matthias Ritgen, Ulrike Soeling, Oswald Burkhard, Manuela Bergmann, Clemens M. Wendtner, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Bertold Emmerich, Michael Hallek, Gcllsg
Journal: Blood (2003)
OA11.06 Role of Fibroblasts in the Subtype-Specific Therapeutic Effects of Nintedanib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Marta Gabasa, Rafael Ikemori, Flavio Solca, Frank Hilberg, Noemi Reguart, Jordi Alcaraz
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Prioritization of Generic Drug Review—Reply
Authors: Ravi Gupta, Aaron S. Kesselheim, Joseph S. Ross
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2017)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
OA07.06 In Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinomas, Survival by Tumor Size (T) is Further Stratified by Tumor Spread through Air Spaces
Authors: Takashi Eguchi, Koji Kameda, Shaohua Lu, Matthew Bott, Kay See Tan, David Jones, William Travis, Prasad Adusumilli
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
FLT3-ITD Interacts with and Phosphorylates IL-3β, and JAK1/2 Dependent IL-3β Activation Bypasses FLT3-ITD in FLT3 Kinase Independent Inhibitor Resistance in Vitro: Evidence for the Significance of IL-3β for FLT3-ITD Dependent Oncogeneic Signaling in AML.
Authors: Christoph Rummelt, Sivahari P. Gorantla, Michael Sigl, Jana Saenger, Katharina Götze, Christian Peschel, Justus Duyster, Nikolas von Bubnoff
Journal: Blood (2012)
P48 Research BAL using single use disposable bronchoscope
Authors: S Zaidi, A Collins, K Davies, A Wright, A Ganguli, E Mitsi, J Reine, J Owugha, S Gordon, D Ferreira, J Rylance
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Broncho alveolar lavage (BAL) is widely used for investigative research to study innate, cellular and humoral immune responses, and in early phase drug trials. Conventional (multiple use) flexible bronchoscopes have time and monetary costs associated with cleaning, and may also carry a small risk of cross infection. Single use bronchoscopes may provide an alternative, but have not been evaluated in this context. <h3>Methods</h3> Healthy volunteers underwent bronchoscopy on a day-case clinical research unit using the Ambu® Scope single-use flexible intubation bronchoscope. The bronchoscopy protocol was identical to previous studies using multiple-use equipment: fasted volunteers had local anaesthesia to the nasopharynx, and were intubated with further sequential local anaesthetic (2% lidocaine throughout). Lavage was performed from a sub segmental bronchus within the right middle lobe. A total of 200ml of warmed normal saline divided into four aliquots. Fluid was aspirated using handheld suction. Supplemental oxygen was used to maintain saturations above 90% throughout the procedure. The lab processing of BAL was identical to earlier studies. BAL volume was recorded, mucus plugs removed by filtration through a double layered gauze swab into sterile centrifuge tubes. The cells were pelleted by centrifugation and washed by vortexing in 50 mls of cold normal saline, then re-suspended in culture medium for differential counting and viability staining with trypan blue stain. <h3>Results</h3> Ten volunteers, (mean age 23 years, 6 male) participated. The procedure was well tolerated by all the participants and all were carried out by two operators. The results were compared to 50 (mean age 23, 14 male) procedures done using the conventional scope by the same two operators. The total volume yield was significantly higher in the disposable group mean (SD) 149 mls (24.6) compared to 123 mls (20.6) p = 0.0007 Mann-Whitney Test. The total cell yield and viability were similar in both groups, with no significant differences. <h3>Conclusions</h3> BAL using single use bronchoscopes are safe with no risk of cross infection, and well tolerated, with potentially reduced side effects post procedure such as pleuritic chest pain and cough as the volume yield is better. The cell yield and viability are comparable to the conventional bronchoscopes.
P1.05-039 Recurrence and Survival Outcome after Segmentectomy for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study at a Single Institute
Authors: Takamasa Koga, Kosuke Fujino, Kentaro Yoshimoto, Koei Ikeda, Yonosuke Sato, Takaaki Ito, Takeshi Mori, Makoto Suzuki
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
P3.02c-070 Combination Immunotherapy with MEK Inhibitor for Treatment of Kras-Mutant Lung Cancer in Animal Model
Authors: Jong Woo Lee, Yu Zhang, Justin Choi, Roshan Sharma, Hee Sun Park, Edward Kaftan, Vassiliki Papadimitrakopoulou, Roy Herbst, J. Peter Koo
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Myeloablative Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation for Hematologic Malignancies Is Comparable to Unrelated Donor Transplantation: A Retrospective Single-Center Study
Authors: Filippo Milano, Theodore A. Gooley, Paul O'Donnell, Boglarka Gyurkocza, H. Joachim Deeg, Anne Woolfrey, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Colleen Delaney
Journal: Blood (2012)
Intravenous Gammaglobulin (IVIg) Therapy Prevents Antibody-Mediated Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) by Directly Inhibiting Recipient Neutrophil Activation in a Murine Model
Authors: John W. Semple, Michael Kim, Jing Hou, Young Jin Lee, Arata Tabuchi, Wolfgang M. Kuebler, Alan H Lazarus
Journal: Blood (2011)
Pharmacokinetics of Mycophenolic Mofetil and Metabolites in Allogeneic Transplant: Determination of Maximum Dose Schedule and Route of Administration.
Authors: Chenthil Rathnasabapathy, Kathleen West, Gerald Fetterly, Minocher Battiwalla, Shannon L Smiley, Theresa Hahn, Karen Brown, Karen Arnold, Margaret Syta, Pamela Paplham, Joann Liu, Philip L. McCarthy
Journal: Blood (2009)
IKBKE Is Required during KRAS-Induced Pancreatic Tumorigenesis
Authors: Mihir Rajurkar, Kyvan Dang, Maite G. Fernandez-Barrena, Xiangfan Liu, Martin E. Fernandez-Zapico, Brian C. Lewis, Junhao Mao
Journal: Cancer Research (2017)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies lacking effective therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that the noncanonical IκB-related kinase, IKBKE, is a critical oncogenic effector during KRAS-induced pancreatic transformation. Loss of IKBKE inhibits the initiation and progression of pancreatic tumors in mice carrying pancreatic-specific KRAS activation. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that this protumoral effect of IKBKE involves the activation of GLI1 and AKT signaling and is independent of the levels of activity of the NF-κB pathway. Further analysis reveals that IKBKE regulates GLI1 nuclear translocation and promotes the reactivation of AKT post-inhibition of mTOR in PDAC cells. Interestingly, combined inhibition of IKBKE and mTOR synergistically blocks pancreatic tumor growth. Together, our findings highlight the functional importance of IKBKE in pancreatic cancer, support the evaluation of IKBKE as a therapeutic target in PDAC, and suggest IKBKE inhibition as a strategy to improve efficacy of mTOR inhibitors in the clinic. Cancer Res; 77(2); 320–9. ©2017 AACR.
Overview of systematic reviews in allergy epidemiology
Authors: J. Genuneit, A. M. Seibold, C. J. Apfelbacher, G. N. Konstantinou, J. J. Koplin, S. La Grutta, K. Logan, M. R. Perkin, C. Flohr
Journal: Allergy (2017)

There is a substantial body of evidence on the epidemiology of allergic conditions, which has advanced the understanding of these conditions. We aimed to systematically identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses on the epidemiology of allergic diseases to assess what has been studied comprehensively and what areas might benefit from further research.We searched PubMed and EMBASE up to 12/2014 for systematic reviews on epidemiological research on allergic diseases. We indexed diseases and topics covered and extracted data on the search characteristics of each systematic review.The search resulted in 3991 entries after removing duplicates, plus 20 other items found via references and conference abstracts; 421 systematic reviews were relevant and included in this overview. The majority contained some evidence on asthma (72.9%). Allergic rhinitis, atopic eczema and food hypersensitivity were covered in 15.7%, 24.5% and 9.0%, respectively. Commonly studied risk factors for atopic eczema included dietary and microbial factors, while for asthma, pollution and genetic factors were often investigated in systematic reviews. There was some indication of differing search characteristics across topics.We present a comprehensive overview with an indexed database of published systematic reviews in allergy epidemiology. We believe that this clarifies where most research interest has focussed and which areas could benefit from further research. We propose that this effort is updated every few years to include the most recently published evidence and to extend the search to an even broader list of hypersensitivity/allergic disorders.
P54 Can multi-morbid phenotypes be described in patients with advanced COPD using cluster analysis?
Authors: BD James, NJ Greening, N Toms, G Woltmann, RC Free, P Haldar, MC Steiner, RA Evans
Journal: Thorax (2016)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Comorbidities have a negative effect upon outcomes in patients with COPD, and ‘phenotypes’ of comorbidity have been described.<sup>1</sup> International guidelines recommend that comorbidities “<i>should be looked for routinely</i>”.<sup>2</sup> We aimed to objectively assess comorbidities, and investigate whether comorbidity phenotypes could be described using cluster analysis, in a cohort of patients with advanced COPD. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with advanced COPD were prospectively recruited to undergo a ‘Comprehensive Respiratory Assessment’ (CRA), as previously described.<sup>3</sup> 13 comorbidities were objectively assessed using validated definitions and their prevalence determined. K-means cluster analysis was applied with the objective measurements, and FEV1%predicted. The clusters formed were compared with respect to demographic features, measures of health status, self-reported exacerbation frequency, and future cardiovascular risk. <h3>Results</h3> Between June 2013 and December 2015, 246 patients with advanced COPD underwent a CRA: 61.0% male, mean (SD) age 66.0 (9.1) yrs, FEV1%predicted 31.1% (10.4%). 98.4% of participants were in GOLD combined assessment group D. The prevalence of the 13 comorbidities ranged from 68.8% (muscle wasting) to 7.7% (renal impairment). 93.9% of participants had at least two of the assessed comorbidities. Cluster analysis was applied to a subsample of 203 participants with sufficient data: five multimorbid clusters were identified according to a significantly higher prevalence of certain comorbidities: Cluster 1 – psychological disease, Cluster 2 – left ventricular systolic dysfunction and anaemia, Cluster 3 – features of cachexia, Cluster 5 – features of metabolic syndrome and vitamin D deficiency. Cluster 4 had a significantly lower prevalence of comorbidities. Table 1 shows the differences between the five clusters in demographics, airflow limitation, health status, hospital admissions, use of antibiotics and steroids, and future cardiovascular risk. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this cohort of patients with advanced COPD, five multi-morbid phenotypes were identified. The phenotypes differed significantly in comorbidity prevalence, airflow limitation, health status and future coronary heart disease risk, however the number of hospital admissions in the past year was similar. <h3>References</h3> Vanfleteren LE, <i>et al</i>. Clusters of comorbidities based on validated objective measurements and systemic inflammation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i> 2013;<b>187</b>(7):728–35. GOLD Global Strategy updated2016. Steiner MC, <i>et al</i>. Comprehensive respiratory assessment in advanced COPD: a 9campus to clinic9 translational framework.<i>Thorax </i>2015;70(8):805–8.
P3.02c-026 Is Nivolumab Safe and Effective in Elderly and PS2 Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)? Results of CheckMate 153
Authors: David Spigel, Lee Schwartzberg, David Waterhouse, Jason Chandler, Maen Hussein, Robert Jotte, Edward Stepanski, Michael Mccleod, Ray Page, Rohini Sen, Jeffrey Mcdonald, Kelly Bennett, Beata Korytowsky, Nivedita Aanur, Craig Reynolds
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
P1.02-048 MET Exon 14 Skipping Mutations and Gene Amplifications Are Not Simultaneous Events in NSCLC
Authors: Sergi Clavé, Alba Dalmases, Raquel Longarón, Lara Pijuan, David Casadevall, Álvaro Taus, Joan Albanell, Blanca Espinet, Edurne Arriola, Beatriz Bellosillo, Marta Salido
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
The international primary ciliary dyskinesia cohort (iPCD Cohort): methods and first results
Authors: Myrofora Goutaki, Elisabeth Maurer, Florian S. Halbeisen, Israel Amirav, Angelo Barbato, Laura Behan, Mieke Boon, Carmen Casaulta, Annick Clement, Suzanne Crowley, Eric Haarman, Claire Hogg, Bulent Karadag, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Margaret W. Leigh, Michael R. Loebinger, Henryk Mazurek, Lucy Morgan, Kim G. Nielsen, Heymut Omran, Nicolaus Schwerk, Sergio Scigliano, Claudius Werner, Panayiotis Yiallouros, Zorica Zivkovic, Jane S. Lucas, Claudia E. Kuehni
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Data on primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) epidemiology is scarce and published studies are characterised by low numbers. In the framework of the European Union project BESTCILIA we aimed to combine all available datasets in a retrospective international PCD cohort (iPCD Cohort). We identified eligible datasets by performing a systematic review of published studies containing clinical information on PCD, and by contacting members of past and current European Respiratory Society Task Forces on PCD. We compared the contents of the datasets, clarified definitions and pooled them in a standardised format. As of April 2016 the iPCD Cohort includes data on 3013 patients from 18 countries. It includes data on diagnostic evaluations, symptoms, lung function, growth and treatments. Longitudinal data are currently available for 542 patients. The extent of clinical details per patient varies between centres. More than 50% of patients have a definite PCD diagnosis based on recent guidelines. Children aged 10–19 years are the largest age group, followed by younger children (≤9 years) and young adults (20–29 years). This is the largest observational PCD dataset available to date. It will allow us to answer pertinent questions on clinical phenotype, disease severity, prognosis and effect of treatments, and to investigate genotype–phenotype correlations.
P1.08-004 Prediction of Surgical Outcome by Modeling Based on Risk Factors of Morbidity Following Pulmonary Resection for Lung Cancer in the Elderly
Authors: Yuzhao Wang, Nan Wu, Jingfeng Chen, Qingfeng Zheng, Shi Yan, Shaolei Li, Yinan Liu, Yue Yang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Effect of captopril on isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and polyamine contents.
Authors: Mitsuyuki Shimizu, Hideki Sasaki, Junko Sanjo, Kazuhiko Ogawa, Tsuneo Mizokami, Toshio Yagi, Haruka Kato, Kozo Hamaya, Atsuya Namiki, Yukihide Isogai
Journal: Circulation (1992)

It is well known that isoproterenol (ISO) a nonselective β adrenoceptor agonist induces cardiac hypertrophy. It can be assumed that, in addition to its direct cardiac effect, ISO has a cardiac trophic effect via stimulation of the renin angiotensin system. Synthesis of polyamines is facilitated in cardiac hypertrophy and polyamine levels are rapidly elevated prior to an increase in heart weight. In the present study, we investigated whether captopril (30 mg/kg body weight, daily) could attenuate cardiac hypertrophy and elevation of cardiac polyamine levels in rats, which effects were elicited by a chronic (1- or 2-weeks) and repeated administration of a small dose (0.5 mg/kg body weight) of ISO. Cardiac hypertrophy was assessed by an increase in the wet weight and RNA content of the heart. Polyamines were analyzed by HPLC. Captopril alone did not affect either heart weight/body weight ratio or cardiac contents of polyamines and nucleic acids at the end of the second week. In isoproterenoltreated rats, the above parameters, except for putrescine content on day 14, were significantly increased on both day 7 and day 14. Captopril slightly attenuated ISO-induced cardiac hypertrophy and significantly prevented the ISO-evoked increase in the contents of RNA, spermidine, and spermine at the end of the second week. These results suggest that the ISO-evoked increase in cardiac polyamines was mediated, at least in part, by the renin angiotensin system, which was stimulated by ISO.
P2.03b-016 Tesevatinib in NSCLC Patients with EGFR Activating Mutations and Brain Metastases (BM) or Leptomeningeal Metastases (LM)
Authors: Davic Berz, Deepa Subrananiam, James Tonra, Mark Berger, D. Ross Camidge
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2017)
Targeting neoplasia using volumetric laser endomicroscopy with laser marking
Authors: Arvind Trindade, Sumant Inamdar, Divyesh Sejpal, Arvind Rishi, Keith Sultan
Journal: Endoscopy (2017)

Volumetric laser endomicroscopy (VLE) is a recent advanced imaging technology that allows high resolution microstructure imaging of the esophagus and gastric cardia; it has been increasingly used in Europe and the USA [1] [2] [3]. The system has been recently upgraded to include a laser marking device that places cautery marks on the mucosa to provide targets for histology. We report a case of an incidental finding of focal high grade dysplasia targeted using this new technology.
Low Progression-Free Survival for High-Risk Patients Treated with Reduced-Intensity Conditioning Regimen Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantations with Volunteer Unrelated Donors.
Authors: Reza Tabrizi, Fontanet Bijou, Krimo Bouabdallah, Thibaut Leguay, Gerald Marit, Arnaud Pigneux, Aurelie Gomez, Francis Belloc, Xavier Lafarge, Jean-Michel Boiron
Journal: Blood (2005)