tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of Rectal Cancer Without Radical Resection
Authors: Geerard L. Beets, Nuno F. Figueiredo, Regina G.H. Beets-Tan
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (2016)

The basis of the current treatment of rectal cancer is a radical total mesorectal excision of the rectum, and although this provides excellent oncological control, it is associated with morbidity and functional problems in cancer survivors. Organ-preservation alternatives are local excision alone for very early tumors, chemoradiation followed by either local excision of a small tumor remnant or, when there is a complete clinical response, a nonoperative watch-and-wait approach. The functional advantage of these alternatives is clear, but there is some concern about the oncological risk. Although the available studies suggest that with adequate selection and follow-up this risk is small, the evidence is still weak. Because of patients' high interest in preserving quality of life, clinicians should cautiously move ahead and offer the option of organ preservation to patients in a controlled setting while awaiting further evidence.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of a nonpolypoid superficial neoplasm of the terminal ileum
Authors: Federico Iacopini, Yutaka Saito, Takuji Gotoda, Cristina Grossi, Guido Costamagna
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 73-year-old man underwent colonoscopy for recurrent diffuse abdominal pain. Previous colonoscopy, routine laboratory tests, and a fecal occult blood test had all shown normal results.
Methylated vimentin (mVim) DNA in blood as a novel biomarker in colorectal cancer: A retrospective study.
Authors: Cheng Ean Chee, Helen Moinova, Dawn M Hale, Smitha S. Krishnamurthi, Charles John Nock, Conor Delaney, James Lutterbaugh, Yanwen Chen, Jill Barnholtz-Sloan, Neal J. Meropol, Sanford D. Markowitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e14607 Background: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a commonly used tumor marker in colorectal cancer (CRC) but has poor sensitivity (59%) and specificity (84%). Vimentin exon-1 sequences are hypermethylated in 53-83% of colon cancer compared to normal colorectal mucosae. We explored whether mVim could serve as a biomarker in patients with CRC. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 47 patients (pts) treated for CRC at Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, who had banked plasma available for mVim and serum CEA within 30 days of mVim. Disease status, clinical outcomes and pathology information were obtained. Blood mVim levels were determined using next-generation sequencing and mVim level of ≥ 1% was considered positive. Results: mVim was obtained from 24 pre-operative CRC pts with locoregional (LR) disease and 23 CRC pts with active metastatic (Met) disease. We also measured mVim in 34 pts without CRC as a comparison group. In LR pts, mVim had a sensitivity and specificity of 21% and 97%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of CEA ≥ 2.5 was 38% and 87%, respectively and CEA ≥ 5 was 4% and 95%, respectively. Additionally, in these LR cases, a positive pre-op mVim had a positive predictive value (PPV) of 83% compared to CEA ≥ 2.5, 41% and CEA ≥ 5, 17%. Among Met pts, mVim had a sensitivity and specificity of 57% and 97%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of CEA ≥ 2.5 was 83% and 87%, respectively and CEA ≥ 5 was 74% and 95%, respectively. The PPV of a positive mVim in Met pts was 93% compared to CEA ≥ 2.5, 59% and CEA ≥ 5, 77%. Moreover, mVim (HR 5.07; p = 0.053, 95% CI 0.98-26.24) appeared to be a possible prognostic marker for survival in the Met group when compared to CEA (HR 1.00; p = 0.229, 95% CI 0.99-1.00). Conclusions: These preliminary data indicate that mVim has high specificity for detection of cancer in patients with LR or Met CRC. mVim appears to be more specific than CEA in both LR and Met CRC. In Met CRC, mVim may also have prognostic potential. Prospective studies are ongoing to validate these findings, including serial assessment of mVim and correlation with disease status. Given the high specificity of mVim, this biomarker should be explored in the surveillance setting as an indicator of early recurrence.
Circannual variation of efficacy outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic colorectal cancer and treated with first-line chemotherapy
Authors: M. Tampellini, A. Ottone, I. Alabiso, C. Baratelli, R. Bitossi, M.P. Brizzi, F. Leone, L. Forti, E. Bertona, P. Racca, C. Mecca, O. Alabiso, M. Aglietta, A. Berruti, G.V. Scagliotti
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Phase II study of mFOLFOX-4 followed by mFOLFIRI in advanced gastric cancer
Authors: H. Kwon, S. Lee, S. Oh, S. Kim, H. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15546 Background: FOLFOX followed by FOLFIRI regimen has been commonly used in colorectal cancer. This combination has also been evaluated in a number of phase II studies in the first- and second-line treatment setting of advanced gastric cancer. We have evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of modified FOLFOX-4 followed by modified FOLFIRI regimens in advanced gastric cancer patients. Methods: Previously untreated patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer were enrolled. As first-line therapy, patients received modified FOLFOX-4, bolus ldLV 50mg followed by a 5-FU bolus 400mg/m 2 and 22-hour infusion 600mg/m 2 on day 1 and 2, with oxaliplatin 85mg/m 2 on day 1 every 14 days. At progression, patients received modified FOLFIRI, bolus ldLV 50mg followed by a 5-FU bolus 400mg/m 2 and 22-hour infusion 600mg/m 2 on day 1 and 2, with irinotecan 150mg/m 2 on day 1 every 14 days as second-line therapy. Results: Fifty-six patients were enrolled in first-line mFOLFOX-4. Of these, 32 (57.1%) patients received sequential mFOLFIRI as second-line chemotherapy. In first- line therapy, mFOLFOX-4 achieved 41.4% (95% CI, 28–54%) partial response and 32.1% (95% CI, 20–45%) stable disease. The median time to progression was 4.2 months (95% CI, 2.8–5.5 months). In second-line therapy, mFOLFIRI achieved 18.8% (95% CI, 4–33%) partial response and 31.3% (95% CI, 14–48%) stable disease. The median time to progression was 3.1 months (95% CI, 1.4–4.7 months). Median survival was 12.8 months (95% CI, 9.5–16.0 months) in overall 56 patients, and median survival of sequential chemotherapy was 13.2 months (95% CI, 9.4–16.9 months) in 32 patients. In first-line mFOLFOX-4, NCI-CTC grade 3/4 hematological toxicities were neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 28 (7.6%), 1 (0.3%) of the cycles, respectively and neutropenic fever was observed in 7 cycles (1.9%). Grade 1/2 sensory neuropathy was observed in three patients (5.6%). In second-line mFOLFIRI, NCI-CTC grade 3/4 hematological toxicity was neutropenia in 20 (19.8%) of the cycles, and neutropenic fever was observed in 5 cycles (4.6%). Grade 3 diarrhea was observed in one patient (3.1%). Conclusions: As sequential chemotherapy, the mFOLFOX-4 followed by mFOLFIRI regimen is both feasible and safe for advanced gastric cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Proof of Y-Loss As Clonal Abnormality in MDS by Comparative Analysis of CD34+ and CD3+ Peripheral Blood Cells,
Authors: Christina Ganster, Friederike Braulke, Katayoon Shirneshan, Dietrich Kämpfe, Uwe Platzbecker, Ulrike Söling, Carsten P Bramlage, Tobias J Legler, Detlef Haase, Julie Schanz
Journal: Blood (2011)
Efficacy and Safety of Rivaroxaban: An Observationalmulticenter Cohort Study Reporting the Routine Use in Adolescents &amp; Adults with DVT
Authors: Manuela Krause, Alexander Bauer, Hartmut Clausnizer, Gili Kenet, Dorothee Kowalski, Verena Limperger, Ann-Kathrin Pilgrimm-Thorp, Daniela Manner, Ulrike Nowak-Göttl
Journal: Blood (2014)
Imported malaria in continental France in 1996
Authors: F Legros, F Gay, M Belkaid, M Danis
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Malaria ceased to be endemic in France in 1960, although sporadic cases were reported until 1970 in the department of Corse. No indigenous case of malaria have been reported since then. We report below the epidemiological data on imported malaria in 1996.
Perinatal DDT Exposure Induces Hypertension and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Adult Mice
Authors: Michele A. La Merrill, Sunjay Sethi, Ludovic Benard, Erin Moshier, Borje Haraldsson, Christoph Buettner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was used extensively to control malaria, typhus, body lice, and bubonic plague worldwide, until countries began restricting its use in the 1970s. However, the use of DDT to control vector-borne diseases continues in developing countries. Prenatal DDT exposure is associated with elevated blood pressure in humans.We hypothesized that perinatal DDT exposure causes hypertension in adult mice.DDT was administered to C57BL/6J dams from gestational day 11.5 to postnatal day 5. Blood pressure (BP) and myocardial wall thickness were measured in male and female adult offspring. Adult mice were treated with an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, captopril, to evaluate sensitivity to amelioration of DDT-associated hypertension by ACE inhibition. We further assessed the influence of DDT exposure on the expression of mRNAs that regulate BP through renal ion transport.Adult mice perinatally exposed to DDT exhibited chronically increased systolic BP, increased myocardial wall thickness, and elevated expression of mRNAs of several renal ion transporters. Captopril completely reversed hypertension in mice perinatally exposed to DDT.These data demonstrate that perinatal exposure to DDT causes hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in adult offspring. A key mechanism underpinning this hypertension is an overactivated renin angiotensin system because ACE inhibition reverses the hypertension induced by perinatal DDT exposure. Citation: La Merrill M, Sethi S, Benard L, Moshier E, Haraldsson B, Buettner C. 2016. Perinatal DDT exposure induces hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy in adult mice. Environ Health Perspect 124:1722-1727; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP164.
A phase II study of oxaliplatin with biweekly, low dose leucovorin and bolus and continuous infusion 5-fluorouracil (modified FOLFOX-4) as first line therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer
Authors: H. Kim, H. Kwon, S. Y. Oh, B. G. Seo, S. G. Kim, S. Kim, J. Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14052 Background: To determine the activity and toxicities of low dose leucovorin (LV) plus fluorouracil (5-FU) regimen, combined with oxaliplatin every two weeks (modified FOLFOX-4), as a first-line therapy for patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Methods: Between January 2003 and March 2005, forty-five patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were treated with oxaliplatin 85 mg/m 2 as a 2-hour infusion at day 1 plus LV 20 mg/m 2 over 10 minutes, followed by 5-FU a 400 mg/m 2 bolus and 22 hour continuous infusion of 600 mg/m 2 5-FU at day 1–2. This treatment was repeated in 2 week intervals. Results: There was one patient (2.2%) demonstrated a complete response. Twenty patients (44.4%) showed a partial response. Overall response rate was 46.6%. Ten patients (22.2%) showed a stable disease and fourteen patients (31.1%) progressed during the course of the treatment. The median time to progression and overall survival time were 7.73 months (95% CI: 3.6–11.86 months) and 11.17 months (95% CI: 9.06–13.28 months) from the start of the chemotherapy, respectively. A total of 247 cycles were analyzed for toxicity. Major hematologic toxicities included grade 1–2 anemia (39.7%), neutropenia (30.4%), grade 3–4 neutropnenia (10.9%) and thrombocytopenia (9.3%).There were 12 cycles of neutropenic fever. The most common non-hematological toxicities were grade 2 nausea/vomiting (20%), grade 1–2 neuropathy (13.4%) and grade 3 diarrhea (2.2%). There was no treatment related death. Conclusions: The modified FOLFOX-4 regimen is safe and effective regimen as a first line therapy in advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Survivor guilt: The secret burden of cancer survivorship.
Authors: Tara Perloff, Megan Johnson Shen, Maureen Rigney, Jennifer C. King
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

192 Background: The 5-year observed survival rate for a stage IV non-small cell lung cancer patient is one percent. Such a small survival rate begs the questions of how these survivors might feel. Society implies that these now “survivors” should feel relieved; lucky; even ecstatic, but many survivors feel a deep-seated sense of guilt. This feeling of objective guilt is a phenomenon known as survivor guilt. There has been little research done to identify the existence of survivor guilt among any group of cancer patients, and no research has examined the associations between survivor guilt and potential burdens in survivorship. The goal of the present study was to identify the prevalence of survivor guilt among lung cancer patients, while also pinpointing themes among those who are affected. Methods: A questionnaire containing a subset of the published IGQ-67 Interpersonal Guilt Questionnaire was completed via Survey Monkey by 108 respondents. After completing the IGQ questions, respondents were given a definition of survivor guilt with an open-ended question on their feelings toward surviving lung cancer when others did not. Additionally, 20 respondents were interviewed via telephone to further expand on their responses which supported the quantitative data. Results: Results indicate that a significant amount of survivor guilt is experienced among lung cancer survivors. A total of 55% of respondents identified as having experienced survivor guilt, yet 63.9% of respondents scored above average on the IGQ-67 Survivor Guilt Scale. Data analysis is ongoing to establish recurring demographic and clinical themes among those who experienced survivor guilt, including factors such as: type and stage of lung cancer and smoking history. Conclusions: This study determines the prevalence of survivor guilt in a sample of lung cancer patients, indicating that survivor guilt is a common psychosocial challenge. Further research across all cancer types must be explored in order to determine the overall prevalence of survivor guilt as well as to develop effective interventions. However, this study represents the first step in examining the prevalence of survivor guilt and the need for creating tools to identify, assess, and ultimately treat patients who suffer.
PD-010 Association between chemotherapy-induced neutropenia at 1-month and overall survival in patients receiving TAS-102 for metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: D. Kotani, K. Pashtoon, M. Cecchini, K. Shitara, A. Ohtsu, R. Ramanathan, H. Hochster, A. Grothey, T. Yoshino
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Case 8-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Laurence Finberg, David L. Gang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA nine-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of coma.She was born of a full-term, uneventful second pregnancy in a mother 21 years of age. On the second day of life abdominal distention was observed, and she was transferred to this hospital. A distant cousin of the mother was reported to have cystic fibrosis. On the day of admission a laparotomy disclosed meconium ileus. A Mikulicz double-barreled resection was performed, with removal of 30 cm of dilated small bowel and an ileostomy and gastrostomy. A pilocarpine iontophoretic study showed that the sweat sodium was 116 . . .
CARDIAC CONDUCTION IN THE MARFAN SYNDROME
Authors: M GILBERT, J ROTSTEIN, C CUNNINGHAM, I ESTRIN, A DAVIDSON, G PINCUS
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health professionals cast doubts over personal budgets for pregnant women
Authors: Adrian O’Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Maternity experts have questioned the idea of pregnant women being given personal budgets with which to choose the care they receive.

Witnesses appeared before the House of Commons Health Committee on 28 June for an inquiry into maternity services, prompted by the recent National Maternity Review: Better Births report.1

The review, published in February, found that maternity services in England were safer than ever but that there was unwarranted variation in the quality of and outcomes from maternity services across the country. The report said that some women found it difficult to make choices about their care.

MPs asked the witnesses if safer care could be achieved if all areas adopted one of the review’s recommendations—provision of personal maternity budgets to …
Controlled Drug Release: Photocatalytic Degradation of Cell Membrane Coatings for Controlled Drug Release (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 12/2016)
Authors: Lang Rao, Qian‐Fang Meng, Qinqin Huang, Pei Liu, Lin‐Lin Bu, Kiran Kumar Kondamareddy, Shi‐Shang Guo, Wei Liu, Xing‐Zhong Zhao
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Controlled drug release is significant for preventing drug resistance. As described by W. Liu and co-workers on page 1420, core-shell SiO2@TiO2 nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity can be applied in for UV-light-triggered degradation of surface erythrocyte membrane coatings, demonstrating the potential of using biomimetic cell-membrane-coated nanocarriers for controlled drug delivery.
Soundings: The test
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2002)

It's official. I have an IQ of 72—at least according to the result of the United Kingdom's “Test the Nation” exercise on prime time TV last Saturday.

Hosted by the indomitable Anne Robinson, the show included 90 000 online participants as well as a studio audience of blondes, builders, publicans, teachers, students, and identical twins. The blondes were young, attractive, and well endowed; the identical twins were in identical outfits; and the teachers wore patched corduroy jackets. Ms Robinson fired typical Stanford-Binet style multiple-choice questions at us, and halted the show from time to time to reveal how the various popular stereotypes were faring.

I emerged as neuronally challenged because the kids kept switching the channel, and because I was less interested in the questions than in the attempt by media personalities to collect, analyse, and interpret potentially inflammatory statistical data in a setting designed more for entertainment than psychometric rigour.

IQ has a dirty history, of course, having arisen in the context of early 20th century US policy on immigration and eugenics. Numerical parameters gave scientific legitimacy to terms like “idiot,” “feeble minded,” and “genius,” and implied that such diagnoses were God given and unchangeable. The elusive “g” (the postulated core measure of braininess that IQ purports to estimate) could be a genuine psychological construct, but the evidence is also consistent with it being a ragbag of socially valued abilities combined with familiarity with American culture.

As an employer, I'm interested in whether my staff are good at typing, good at teaching philosophy, good at getting grant money, or good with patients, and whether as a team we've got the right mix. Like most academic units, our work is 99% perspiration. Problems arise most commonly because people get distracted into solving problems that are none of their business, or feel that the mundane tasks are beneath their ability.

I'd like my kids to go to university and get rewarding, professional jobs. To help them make the right choices I need disaggregated data on their strengths and weaknesses, not a ranking on a one-dimensional quality ladder based on their ability to memorise a postcode, complete a proverb, or rotate a dodecahedron through 90 degrees.

But as a dumb blonde I would feel that way, wouldn't I?
Depletion of Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Fibrosis Induces Immunosuppression and Accelerates Pancreas Cancer with Reduced Survival
Authors: Berna C. Özdemir, Tsvetelina Pentcheva-Hoang, Julienne L. Carstens, Xiaofeng Zheng, Chia-Chin Wu, Tyler R. Simpson, Hanane Laklai, Hikaru Sugimoto, Christoph Kahlert, Sergey V. Novitskiy, Ana De Jesus-Acosta, Padmanee Sharma, Pedram Heidari, Umar Mahmood, Lynda Chin, Harold L. Moses, Valerie M. Weaver, Anirban Maitra, James P. Allison, Valerie S. LeBleu, Raghu Kalluri
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
The laboratory surveillance system of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in Denmark
Authors: S Hoffmann
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2001)

This article presents results of surveillance of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection in Denmark. In 1999 and 2000, there were 291 and 309 male cases of laboratory-confirmed gonorrhoeae, whereas the number of female cases was 43 for both years. The penicillin resistance was steady, with a prevalence of 40% in 1999, whereas the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance increased from 0% in 1990 to 27% in 1999. The number of laboratory-confirmed C. trachomatis infections remains around 13 000 cases per year. Men aged 20-29 years and women aged 15-24 are the most at risk.