tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cylindrical battery ingested by a 1-year-old baby – does the voltage matter?
Authors: Jiri Cyrany, Jan Melek, Petr Dedek, Jan Toms, Stanislav Rejchrt
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

The ingestion of a button-type battery cell by a child is an indication for urgent extraction (within 2 hours) if it has impacted in the esophagus because of the risks of major or even fatal complications, such as perforation and bleeding. In contrast, the ingestion of a cylindrical-type battery that passes into the stomach is not an indication for acute extraction as long as it is not causing symptoms. A follow-up radiograph after a 4-day interval is considered to be sufficient [1] [2].
Interleukin-3 protects Bcr-Abl-transformed hematopoietic progenitor cells from apoptosis induced by Bcr-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitors
Authors: JF Dorsey, JM Cunnick, R Lanehart, M Huang, AJ Kraker, KN Bhalla, R Jove, J Wu
Journal: Leukemia (2002)
Abstract A39: Initial characterization of genetically engineered mice carrying a conditional allele of a splicing factor gene (U2AF1) commonly mutated in myeloid disorders.
Authors: Harold Varmus
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Putative “driver” mutations in genes encoding splicing factors---including recurrent mutations in U2AF1, which encodes a component of the U2 auxiliary factor to regulate pre-mRNA splicing---have been identified in myeloid dysplasias, related neoplasms, and lung adenocarcinomas. To study the functional impact of U2AF1 mutations, we have created transgenic mice carrying a conditional mutant allele, MG-S34F, at the endogenous U2AF1 locus. We have crossed the MG-S34F mice with mice carrying a Mx1-Cre transgene, and demonstrated efficient Cre-mediated recombination and expression of U2AF1-S34F in bone marrow cells two weeks after treatment with poly IC. Bone marrow cells from compound transgenic mice had a modest but statistically significant reduction in their ability to form monocyte and granulocyte colonies in culture. A small cohort of mice is also being followed for long-term hematologic defects after exposing these mice to low doses of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). While U2AF1-S34F expression coupled with ENU treatment has not produced myeloid leukemia after 3 months, a low ratio of U2AF1-S34F to wild-type U2AF1 RNA in blood cells implies that expression of U2AF1-S34F affects normal hematopoiesis or survival of blood cells in mice. We are now expanding our mouse cohort to study the hematologic defects apparently induced by U2AF1-S34F in greater detail. Citation Format: Dennis Liang Fei, Harold Varmus. Initial characterization of genetically engineered mice carrying a conditional allele of a splicing factor gene (U2AF1) commonly mutated in myeloid disorders. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Hematologic Malignancies: Translating Discoveries to Novel Therapies; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(17 Suppl):Abstract nr A39.
SAT0165 Cortical Breaks and Bone Erosions in the Hand Joints: A Cadaver Study Comparing Conventional Radiography with High-Resolution and Micro-Computed Tomography
Authors: A. Scharmga, A. van Tubergen, J. van den Bergh, J. de Jong, M. Peters, B. van Rietbergen, P. Geusens
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Conventional radiography (CR) is considered the gold standard for diagnosing bone erosions in rheumatic diseases. However, High-Resolution peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (HR-pQCT) and microCT (μCT) allow analysis of bone erosions in finger joints at micro level. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate cortical breaks and erosions in 16 hand joints imaged by CR, HR-pQCT and μCT. <h3>Methods</h3> Eight female human cadaveric index fingers with unknown medical history were scanned by HR-pQCT (82 μm, XtremeCT, Scanco Medical AG, Switzerland) and μCT (18μm, μCT 80, Scanco Medical AG, Switzerland). Also radiographs were taken. A modified SPECTRA (Study grouP for xtrEme Computed Tomography in Rheumatoid Arthritis) algorithm was used by one reader to assess all cortical breaks and all erosions. A cortical break was defined as an interruption of cortical bone on two consecutive slices on two orthogonal planes on HR-pQCT, and similarly, but on eight consecutive slices, for the μCT. Erosion was defined as a definite cortical break, with irregular shape, and loss of underlying trabecular bone on two consecutive slices on two orthogonal planes for HR-pQCT, and eight consecutive slices on two orthogonal planes for μCT. CRs were independently scored for erosions by two rheumatologists. Descriptives and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated. <h3>Results</h3> In total, eight metacarpal phalangeal (MCP), four proximal interphalangeal (PIP) and four distal interphalangeal joints of 16 cadaveric index fingers (mean ± SD age 82.6±9.1 years) were imaged by HR-pQCT and μCT. In total, 123 cortical breaks were detected on HR-pQCT (7.0±2.7 per joint) and 237 on μCT (14.5±5.0 per joint). A total of 24 erosions were detected on HR-pQCT (1.3±1.0 per joint) and 72 on μCT (4.0±2.6 per joint). The ICC for total number of cortical breaks was 0.399 (p=0.056), and for number of erosions -0.142 (p=0.706). On CR, twelve joints, eight MCPs and four PIPs, were scored. The total number of erosions scored on CR was four by Reader 1, and two by Reader 2. On the same joints, 16 and 45 erosions were scored on HR-pQCT and μCT, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> HR-pQCT detected four times more erosions than CR. The μCT detected even three times more erosions than HR-pQCT. Furthermore, almost twice the number of cortical breaks was scored on μCT than HR-pQCT. These results indicate that further research, such as histological and longitudinal studies, will be necessary to reveal the prevalence, incidence and significance of cortical breaks and erosions as found by HR-pQCT and μCT of hand joints. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1851
COMPREHENSIVE PLAQUE DISTRIBUTION IN NATIVE CORONARY ARTERIES: A THREE-VESSEL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANALYSIS
Authors: Lei Gao, Rocco Vergallo, Yoshiyasu Minami, Haibo Jia, Daniel Ong, Tsunenari Soeda, Jinwei Tian, Hang Lee, Bo Yu, Shiro Uemura, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
A Novel Urine Exosome Gene Expression Assay to Predict High-grade Prostate Cancer at Initial Biopsy
Authors: James McKiernan, Michael J. Donovan, Vince O’Neill, Stefan Bentink, Mikkel Noerholm, Susan Belzer, Johan Skog, Michael W. Kattan, Alan Partin, Gerald Andriole, Gordon Brown, John T. Wei, Ian M. Thompson, Peter Carroll
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Overdiagnosis and overtreatment of indolent prostate cancer (PCA) is a serious health issue in most developed countries. There is an unmet clinical need for noninvasive, easy to administer, diagnostic assays to help assess whether a prostate biopsy is warranted.To determine the performance of a novel urine exosome gene expression assay (the ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore urine exosome assay) plus standard of care (SOC) (ie, prostate-specific antigen [PSA] level, age, race, and family history) vs SOC alone for discriminating between Gleason score (GS)7 and GS6 and benign disease on initial biopsy.In training, using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we compared the urine exosome gene expression assay with biopsy outcomes in 499 patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels of 2 to 20 ng/mL. The derived prognostic score was then validated in 1064 patients from 22 community practice and academic urology clinic sites in the United States. Eligible participants included PCA-free men, 50 years or older, scheduled for an initial or repeated prostate needle biopsy due to suspicious digital rectal examination (DRE) findings and/or PSA levels (limit range, 2.0-20.0 ng/mL).Evaluate the assay using the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in discrimination of GS7 or greater from GS6 and benign disease on initial biopsy.In 255 men in the training target population (median age 62 years and median PSA level 5.0 ng/mL, and initial biopsy), the urine exosome gene expression assay plus SOC was associated with improved discrimination between GS7 or greater and GS6 and benign disease: AUC 0.77 (95% CI, 0.71-0.83) vs SOC AUC 0.66 (95% CI, 0.58-0.72) (P < .001). Independent validation in 519 patients' urine exosome gene expression assay plus SOC AUC 0.73 (95% CI, 0.68-0.77) was superior to SOC AUC 0.63 (95% CI, 0.58-0.68) (P < .001). Using a predefined cut point, 138 of 519 (27%) biopsies would have been avoided, missing only 5% of patients with dominant pattern 4 high-risk GS7 disease.This urine exosome gene expression assay is a noninvasive, urinary 3-gene expression assay that discriminates high-grade (≥GS7) from low-grade (GS6) cancer and benign disease. In this study, the urine exosome gene expression assay was associated with improved identification of patients with higher-grade prostate cancer among men with elevated PSA levels and could reduce the total number of unnecessary biopsies.
Measurement of C-Reactive Protein for the Targeting of Statin Therapy in the Primary Prevention of Acute Coronary Events
Authors: Paul M. Ridker, Nader Rifai, Michael Clearfield, John R. Downs, Stephen E. Weis, J. Shawn Miles, Antonio M. Gotto
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Elevated levels of C-reactive protein, even in the absence of hyperlipidemia, are associated with an increased risk of coronary events. Statin therapy reduces the level of C-reactive protein independently of its effect on lipid levels. We hypothesized that statins might prevent coronary events in persons with elevated C-reactive protein levels who did not have overt hyperlipidemia.
1253 INTESTINAL DEFICIENCY OF GATA4 PROTECTS FROM DIET-INDUCED HEPATIC STEATOSIS BY SUPPRESSING DE NOVO LIPOGENESIS AND GLUCONEOGENESIS IN MICE
Authors: J. Patankar, S. Obrowsky, G. Hoefler, M. Battle, D. Kratky, S. Levak-Frank
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Gastrocolocutaneous fistula detected by [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with low-dose computed tomography: a rare iatrogenic complication of colonoscopy
Authors: W. Noordzij, R. Slart, C. Zeebregts, A. Glaudemans
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Colonoscopy is generally considered to be a low-risk procedure. The incidence of iatrogenic perforation during diagnostic colonoscopy is less than 1.0 % [1]. The development of a gastrocolocutaneous fistula is a very rare complication of a perforation inflicted during an endoscopic procedure.
PTU-041 Sub-squamous Columnar Neoplasia After Successful Radiofrequency Ablation For Barrett’s Related Neoplasia Is Rare But Highlights Requirement For Long Term Follow Up In These Patients
Authors: RJ Haidry, M Banks, A Gupta, M Butt, M Rodriguez-Justo, M Novelli, L Lovat
Journal: Gut (2014)

Introduction Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has become the preferred treatment for BE related neoplasia. Success rates of 90% after treatment with a durability of up to 95% at 5 years are reported. The development of sub-squamous intestinal metaplasia (IM) after successful RFA is recognised and has been reported to range from 0–30%. It’s clinical significance remains unclear. However the development of sub-squamous neoplasia after successful treatment is limited to only a few cases world wide in the literature. Methods We prospectively examine the incidence of sub-squamous neoplasia after successful RFA from one of the UKs largest academic tertiary centres for patients undergoing RFA for BE neoplasia between 2008–2013 at University College Hospital, London. Before RFA, visible lesions and nodularity were entirely removed by EMR. Thereafter patients underwent RFA every 3 months until all visible BE was ablated. Biopsies were taken at 12 months. After successful treatment patients were followed up 3 monthly for the first year, at 6 month intervals for the second year and annually thereafter. Biopsies were taken from 1cm below the neo z-line and from the previously treated BE segment using the Seattle protocol. Enhanced imaging endoscopic imaging was used in all cases. Results At our institution 197 patients have undergone RFA since 2007 of which 145 have completed treatment. Eighty percent of patients (116/145) achieved CR-D at 12 months. At 5 years 90% of patients remain disease free (median follow up 20 months, IQR 9 -32). There have been a total of 11 recurrences after successful RFA (median time to recurrence – 380 days, IQR 150–884). Four of these patients had sub-squamous high grade glandular dysplasia (HGD). All had had confirmed eradication of dysplasia and IM after the 12 month end of protocol biopsy. These sub-squamous recurrences occurred at 3, 7, 13 and 36 months respectively after eradication was confirmed. One of the four patients was found to have buried HGD on biopsy at the neo z-line and the area was subsequently treated with EMR. The other 3 cases developed visible lesions in neo-squamous mucosa proximal to the neo z-line. All were removed successfully with EMR and demonstrated buried HGD. All 4 cases remain in follow up with no neoplasia at most recent biopsy. Conclusion Although rare, buried neoplasia after successful eradication with RFA can occur. Identification of these cases indicates the need for continued and vigilant surveillance following RFA, even after complete eradication of IM. Early recognition of recurrence can lead to treatment at an early stage. Disclosure of Interest None Declared.
Late Mortality after Surgery for Peptic Ulcer
Authors: A. Hugh McLean Ross, Michael A. Smith, John R. Anderson, William P. Small
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

To examine the claim that life expectancy is reduced after curative peptic-ulcer surgery, we studied mortality and its causes in 779 men with peptic ulcer treated surgically between 1947 and 1965. The minimum follow-up period of survivors was 15 years. There was an excess mortality in the three major age groups (30 to 39, 40 to 49, and 50 to 59 years at operation), as compared with the general population (P less than 0.001), with a mean shift of 9.1 years in the survival curve. Surgery was not the direct cause of death. In particular, the eight deaths from carcinoma of the stomach were no more than expected. Excess mortality was due to smoking-associated disease, which accounted for 200 deaths. Eighty-three per cent of the patients were cigarette smokers. We conclude that substituting highly selective vagotomy for gastrectomy will not lead to improved survival, because 80 per cent of patients now having operations for ulcer are heavy cigarette smokers.
IL-4 enhances expression and function of surface IgM in CLL cells
Authors: Maria M. Aguilar-Hernandez, Matthew D. Blunt, Rachel Dobson, Alison Yeomans, Stephen Thirdborough, Marta Larrayoz, Lindsay D. Smith, Adam Linley, Jonathan C. Strefford, Andrew Davies, Peter M. W. Johnson, Natalia Savelyeva, Mark S. Cragg, Francesco Forconi, Graham Packham, Freda K. Stevenson, Andrew J. Steele
Journal: Blood (2016)
Emergency care should take priority in plan to introduce seven day working in NHS, says BMA
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The government’s drive to offer high quality NHS care seven days a week in England should focus on emergency, urgent, and acute services, as the resources are not available to provide “routine and elective services” at evenings and weekends, the BMA has warned.

The government wants to ensure greater consistency of service across the week as part of its drive to raise standards of care and improve access and convenience to patients. A new Seven Day Forum, led by NHS England’s medical director, Bruce Keogh, is due to report on the feasibility of the proposals later this …
Clinicopathological factors affected no18FDG uptake in18FDG-PET CT: only invasive ductal cancer.
Authors: H Seo, Y Bae, B Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6007 Background: Positron emission tomography with fluorine-18 fluoro deoxy-glucgose (18FDG-PET CT) recently used is suggested more useful tool for accurate, non-invasive imaging modality of the prediction of prognosis and staging of breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether no enhanced 18FDG uptake would be associated with the biological non-aggressiveness of invasive ductal carcinoma and suggest limitation of using 18FDG-PET CT for preoperative evaluation.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: The patients were consisted of 124 female patients raging in age from 29-80 years (average 51.1 years) with primary invasive ductal carcinoma. All patients had histologically or cytologically proven invasive ductal carcinoma before performing 18FDG-PET CT sacn. All patients were examined with 18FDG-PET CT sacn before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Patients undergoing excisional biopsy were excluded from this study.&amp;#x2028; Results: 20 patients had primary tumor with no enhanced 18FDG uptake and 18FDG-PET CT showed hypermetabolic axillary foci in 25 patients. In these 25 patients, two was false positive findings. Histologic examination was confirmed 56 patients had axillary lymph node metastasis. The mean tumor diameter was 2.2 cm (range 0.4-6 cm). With regard to histopathologic grading, 117 were grade 1 and 2, and 7 were grade 3. It was correlation with no enhanced 18FDG uptake (p=0.003). No enhanced 18FDG uptake in invasive ductal carcinoma depended on presence of axillary lymph node metastases (p=0.014). Small tumor (&amp;lt; 2.0cm) also was significantly correlated with no enhanced 18FDG uptake. The relationship between no enhanced 18FDG uptake and presence of lymphovascular invasion, necrosis and calcification was not significant. The immunohistochemical stain of ER/PR/p53/c-erbB2 did not correlate with no enhanced 18FDG uptake. Triple negative tumor also was not significant (p=0.072). 123 specimens were examined with Ki-67. Ki-67 positivity ranged from 0% to 60% (mean 15%). 67 specimens showed immunoreactivity to Ki-67 antigen in &amp;lt; 10% of tumor cell. This revealed a significant correlation between no enhanced 18FDG uptake and Ki-67 (p=0.003). Logistic regression analysis between these factors was shown that histologic grade, status of axillary lymph node metastases and Ki-67 were correlated with no enhanced 18FDG uptake.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: The our results demonstrated that an association exists between no 18FDG uptake and good prognostic factors in invasive ductal cancer, such as low histologic grade (1 &amp; 2), no axillary lymph node metastases and low Ki-67 (&amp;lt;10%). Although further studies are needed, 18FDG-PET CT may be suggested more useful tool for accurate, non-invasive imaging modality of the prediction of prognosis and we purpose the limitation of using 18FDG-PET CT for follow-up study in these patient. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6007.
Tetrahydrobiopterin Biosynthesis Inhibition for Diminishing Nitric Oxide Production in Cytokine-Mediated Septic Shock
Authors: G. WERNER-FELMAYER, E. R. WERNER, G. WEIS, H. WACHTER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

colony-stimulating factors or to stimulated cytokine release by the neoplastic cell.The implications of these findings remain to be determined.Patients with solid tumors who are being treated with all-trans-RA need to be observed closely for the possibility of developing the retinoic acid syndrome.
AB0570 Response of active rheumatoid arthritis to the anti-interleukin 6 (anti-IL 6) receptor antibody tocilizumab: Evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: R. Samira, A. Bouchra, B. Rachid, A. Fadoua, H.-H. Najia
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool for evaluating disease activity and therapeutic efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows a highly accurate detection of synovitis, bone edema, and erosions, constituting the ideal instrument for the evaluation of treatment response. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess the disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with the anti-interleukin 6 (anti-IL 6) receptor antibody tocilizumab in terms of responsiveness at a six months to disease activity and ability to predict structural damage at six month and one year. <h3>Methods</h3> A cohort of patients with RA (n=22) treated with tocilizumab were included in the study. All patients were evaluated clinically including disease activity score 28 (DAS28) andby low field dedicated MRI (dominant handand wrist) at initiation of treatment with anti-IL 6 receptorantibody agents and after 6 months. The MRI images were scored using the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology Clinical Trials RAMRI score (OMERACT RAMRIS). Conventional radiography for both hands and wrists and foot was performed at baseline 6 and at 12 months. Responsiveness was assessed by standardized response means (SRM). Areas under the curve (AUC) for measures at baseline, and 6 months were correlated with DAS28-ESRand structural damage at six month. <h3>Results</h3> Among the laboratory and clinical parameters, DAS28-ESR was the most responsive with a large effect size of SRM. Baseline DAS28 was superior to 3.2 in all patients (ranging from 4.8 up to 7.8). At 6 months, 16 patients have responded, however without having achieved clinical remission, as DAS28 was still above 2.6. MRI showed that synovitis was reduced in 13 patients to a score of 1, bone edema was slightly reduced (8% of reduction), and erosive score was unchanged. Structural damage progressions for radiography and MR erosion were correlated with AUC of MR bone erosion.Thus Despite persistent low disease activity, patients treated with tocilitumab had stable RAMRIS erosive scores over 6 months. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the evaluation of disease activity in RA patients in the first few months after starting anti-IL 6 receptor antibody tocilizumab treatment, the MRI RAMRIS score of the hand is responsive and predictive of structural damage progression at 6 months. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Prevalence of bronchial asthma in schoolchildren in Oslo, Norway
Authors: O. H. Skjønsberg, J. Clench‐Aas, J. Leegaard, I. J. K. Skarpaas, P. Giæver, A. Bartonova, J. Moseng
Journal: Allergy (1995)

In 1993, 4521 schoolchildren in Oslo, Norway, participated in a European study on air pollution and respiratory health. Incorporated in the primary questionnaire were five questions taken from a study performed 12 years earlier on 1772 schoolchildren in the same city. The response rate was 85% in 1993 vs 95% in 1981. The current and cumulative prevalences of doctor-diagnosed asthma in 1993 were 4.2% and 8.0%, respectively, compared to 2.2% (P < 0.01) and 3.4% (P < 0.01) in 1981. Attacks of breathlessness during the last 3 years were experienced by 7.1% in 1993 and 3.3% in 1981 (P < 0.05). Wheezing or breathlessness on exposure to pollen in 1993 and 1981 was reported by 6.1% and 3.7% (P < 0.01), respectively; to animals by 4.0% and 2.8% (P < 0.05); and to exercise by 10.2% and 4.8% (P < 0.01). The prevalence of occasional wheezing and the cumulative prevalence of doctor-diagnosed eczema, urticaria, and hay fever were not significantly altered. To summarize, a higher prevalence of both doctor-diagnosed asthma and symptoms of obstructive airways disease was reported by children attending primary school in Oslo in 1993 than 12 years earlier. No increase was observed in the prevalence of other atopic diseases.
Apport de la gastroscopie chez les malades insuffisants rénaux chroniques au stade d'hémodialyse
Authors: S Chouaib, N Ben Moussa, S Guellouz, L Raies, N Belkahla, N Maamouri, F Ben Hriz, H Chaabouni, F Ben Moussa, N Ben Mami
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: L'administration d'anticoagulant au cours des séances d'hémodialyse comporte un risque de saignement non négligeable surajouté à la dysfonction plaquettaire associée. Peu de données ont été publiées à propos des lésions digestives hautes associées l'insuffisance rénal terminale.