tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
慢性炎症性関節炎管理における看護師の役割に関するEULAR(欧州リウマチ学会)推奨ガイドライン
Authors: Van Eijk-Hustings Yvonne, Van Tubergen Astrid, Bostroem Carina, Braychenko Elena, Buss Beate, Felix Jose, Firth Jill, Hammond Alison, Harston Benny, Hernandez Cristina, Huzjak Masa, Korandova Jana, Kukkurainen Marja Leena, Landewe Robert, Mezieres Maryse, Milincovic Marijana, Moretti Antonella, Oliver Susan, Primdahl Jette, Scholte-Voshaar Marieke, DE La Torre-Aboki Jenny, Waite-Jones Jennifer, Westhovens Rene, Zangi Heidi Andersen, Heiberg Turid, Hill Jackie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)
Occupational Lung Disease.
Authors: T C McLoud
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The pneumoconioses, extrinsic allergic alveolitis, lung damage due to irritant gases, fumes, and smoke constitute the occupational lung diseases that affect the lung parenchyma. The pneumoconioses are diseases resulting from the accumulation of dust in the lungs. The ILO has established a standardized system for classification of these pneumoconioses that includes both descriptions of diffuse lung opacities and pleural disease. The most common of the fibrogenic pneumoconioses are silicosis, CWP, and asbestosis. The former two entities are characterized radiographically by the presence of small rounded opacities or nodules in the lung parenchyma. Eggshell calcification may occur in lymph nodes, and eventually the diseases may be complicated by the development of large massive areas of fibrosis in the upper lung zones. Asbestosis, on the other hand, demonstrates small irregular or linear opacities usually confined to the bases of the lungs. It is associated with significant respiratory symptoms and disability. High resolution CT has proved useful in characterizing the parenchymal changes and also in identifying early disease in all of these entities. Berylliosis is a systemic disorder that in its chronic form produces granulomatous disease in the lungs. Radiographically it is characterized by the development of either small rounded or occasionally irregular linear opacities usually confined to the bases. Chemical pneumonitis results from exposure to toxic fumes. The acute reaction may produce diffuse lung injury characterized by air-space disease typical of pulmonary edema. In the chronic form, bronchiolitis obliterans supervenes. This usually is associated with either a normal radiograph or evidence of hyperinflation. Finally, hypersensitivity pneumonitis or extrinsic allergic alveolitis is a response of the lung to inhalation of antigens that may be present in the workplace. Either acute, subacute, or chronic disease may result. In the chronic form, a diffuse reticulonodular pattern with or without associated lymphadenopathy is characteristic.
Expression of Forssman Antigen Synthesis and Degradation in Human Lung Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N Taniguchi, N Yokosawa, M Narita, T Mitsuyama, A Makita
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

The activities of the two enzymes (UDP-acetylgalactosamine-globoside alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and alpha-N-acetyl-D-galactosaminidase) involved in the synthesis and degradation of Forssman antigen were studied in uninvolved and neoplastic human lungs. The Forssman synthetic enzyme activities of 17 of 18 squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those of the uninvolved lung tissues of the subjects studied, and the degradation enzyme activities of 16 of 18 squamous cell carcinomas were higher than those of the uninvolved portions. No consistent abnormalities in both enzyme activities were seen in 28 adenocarcinomas, whereas the mean activities of the two enzymes were elevated in these neoplasms. These differences in enzyme activities between those samples may indicate that the synthesis and degradation of Forssman antigen in adenocarcinoma of the lung are expressed or repressed according to the individual, whereas in squamous cell carcinoma, these activities are expressed unrelated to the individual.
Cetuximab use without chronic antihistamine premedication
Authors: J. Timoney, K. Y. Chung, V. Park, R. Trocola, C. Peake, L. B. Saltz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13521 Background: Cetuximab is a human-murine chimeric monoclonal antibody against EGFR with approximately a 3% reported incidence of severe (≥ grade 3) anaphylactoid reactions. The overwhelming majority of such reactions have been reported with the initial dose of cetuximab. Diphenhydramine (Benedryl)or a related antihistamine is often given as a premedication for cetuximab, however this may cause fatigue or other side effects. Most early clinical trials of cetuximab permitted investigator discretion in use of premedication beyond the initial cetuximab dose. Methods: We obtained an IRB waiver of authorization to review the records of patients treated with cetuximab at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center for the first year of commercial availability of cetuximb (Feb, 2004 through Feb, 2005). Computerized pharmacy records were reviewed to identify all patients who were treated with cetuximab (outside of a clinical trial) and use of premedication was then evaluated. Records of institutional adverse event reports regarding chemotherapy administration were reviewed, and, any moderate or severe/life-threatening reactions were evaluated for presence or absence of concurrent premedication. Results: As per our institutional guidelines, all patients received 50 mg of diphenhydramine prior to the initial loading dose of cetuximab, and 25 mg of diphenhydramine prior to the second dose. While there was inconsistency in terms of cessation of diphenhydramine, overall a total of 115 patients received one or more doses of cetuximab without premedication. A total of 746 doses of cetuxmab without diphenhydramine premedication were given over this time period. No severe/life-threatening reactions to cetuximab occurred during these doses given without premedication. Conclusions: Omission of diphenhydramine premedication after the initial two doses of cetuximab is our current institutional practice, and appears not to alter the safety profile of cetuximab. Considering the side effects of diphenhydramine, routine long tern use of antihistamine premedication with cetuximab administration does not appear to be warranted. [Table: see text]
Lung inflammation does not affect the clearance kinetics of lipid nanocapsules following pulmonary administration
Authors: Aateka Patel, A. Woods, Yanira Riffo-Vasquez, Anna Babin-Morgan, Marie-Christine Jones, Stuart Jones, Kavitha Sunassee, Stephen Clark, Rafael T. M. de Rosales, Clive Page, Domenico Spina, Ben Forbes, Lea Ann Dailey
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2016)
Molecular Characterization of Bone Tumors and Implications for Treatment and Prognosis
Authors: Michael J. Monument, Kevin B. Jones
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Neoplastic transformation is a consequence of maladaptive alterations in the cellular processes normally involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Despite the relative infrequent nature of skeletal neoplasms, current understanding of the pathobiology underlying these conditions is becoming increasingly characterized. This article highlights some of the established molecular abnormalities identified in various benign and malignant skeletal neoplasms and how they pertain to tumor biology, diagnosis, and prognosis. Most of the commonly accepted cellular aberrancies in skeletal neoplasms pertain to mutations, copy number changes, and/or chromosomal rearrangements. However, it is becoming increasingly understood that the complexity of tumorigenic pathways necessary for neoplastic growth are manipulated by numerous overlapping alterations in the genetic code and are further influenced by higher-order molecular programs, such as pretranscriptional and posttranscriptional regulation and chromatin reorganization. Over time, identification and quantification of these increasingly recognized neoplastic processes will gradually translate into valuable clinical applications, enhancing the current diagnostic and prognostic capabilities.
Evolution of Higher-Plant Glutamine Synthetase Genes: Tissue Specificity as a Criterion for Predicting Orthology
Authors: JJ Doyle
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1991)

Evolutionary relationships among members of the nuclear multigene family encoding isozymes of glutamine synthetase (GS) in flowering plants were studied by using parsimony and distance methods. Analyses using subsets of the data indicated that the consistency index is not a sufficient measure of phylogenetic data quality and that assumptions about the information content of third-codon positions and transitions may be misleading. Tissue-specific expression patterns of GS isozymes were not uniformly useful as predictors of orthology. Chloroplast and cytosolic genes were shown to form two groups of orthologous sequences. Within the cytosolic group, however, genes expressed in the nodule did not form a single orthologous group, suggesting that a regulatory shift has occurred in the pea-alfalfa lineage. Organismal relationships inferred from the limited sampling are generally in concert with current phylogenetic hypotheses.
Phase I Study of the Investigational Anti-Guanylyl Cyclase Antibody–Drug Conjugate TAK-264 (MLN0264) in Adult Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Authors: Khaldoun Almhanna, Thea Kalebic, Cristina Cruz, Jason E. Faris, David P. Ryan, JungAh Jung, Tim Wyant, Adedigbo A. Fasanmade, Wells Messersmith, Jordi Rodon
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: To assess the safety, tolerability, and preliminary antitumor activity of the investigational anti–guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) antibody–drug conjugate TAK-264 (formerly MLN0264) in adult patients with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies. Experimental Design: Adult patients with GCC-expressing gastrointestinal malignancies (H-score ≥ 10) were eligible for inclusion. TAK-264 was administered as a 30-minute intravenous infusion once every 3 weeks for up to 17 cycles. Dose escalation proceeded using a Bayesian continual reassessment method. At the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), 25 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were enrolled in a prespecified dose expansion cohort. Results: Forty-one patients were enrolled, including 35 (85%) with metastatic colorectal cancer. During dose escalation (0.3–2.4 mg/kg), four of 19 patients experienced dose-limiting toxicities of grade 4 neutropenia; the MTD was determined as 1.8 mg/kg. Patients received a median of two cycles of TAK-264 (range, 1–12); nine received ≥four cycles. Common drug-related adverse events (AEs) included nausea and decreased appetite (each 41%), fatigue (32%), diarrhea, anemia, alopecia, and neutropenia (each 27%); grade ≥3 AEs included neutropenia (22%), hypokalemia, and febrile neutropenia (each 7%). Peripheral neuropathy was reported in four (10%) patients. Pharmacokinetic data showed approximately dose proportional systemic exposure and a mean plasma half-life of around 4 days, supporting the dosing schedule. Overall, 39 patients were response-evaluable; three experienced durable stable disease; and one with gastric adenocarcinoma had a partial response. GCC expression did not appear to correlate with treatment duration. Conclusions: These findings suggest that TAK-264 has a manageable safety profile, with preliminary evidence of potential antitumor activity in specific gastrointestinal malignancies. Further investigation is underway. Clin Cancer Res; 22(20); 5049–57. ©2016 AACR.
Assessment of Quality of Life, Bmd and Safety Profiles in Postmenopausal Breas Cancer Patients with Letrozole As an Early Adjuvant Treatment (Kbcsg-008)
Authors: S. Han, S.J. Lee, W. Noh, S. Nam, S. Kang, J. Kim, Y. Bae, H. Park, S. Cho, S.H. Jung, J.H. Yoon, H.Y. Park, Y.S. Jung, L.S. Kim
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Five year change in alcohol intake and risk of breast cancer and coronary heart disease among postmenopausal women: prospective cohort study
Authors: Marie K Dam, Ulla A Hvidtfeldt, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Morten Grønbæk, Janne S Tolstrup
Journal: BMJ (2016)

To test the hypothesis that postmenopausal women who increase their alcohol intake over a five year period have a higher risk of breast cancer and a lower risk of coronary heart disease compared with stable alcohol intake.Prospective cohort study.Denmark, 1993-2012.21 523 postmenopausal women who participated in the Diet, Cancer, and Health Study in two consecutive examinations in 1993-98 and 1999-2003. Information on alcohol intake was obtained from questionnaires completed by participants.Incidence of breast cancer, coronary heart disease, and all cause mortality during 11 years of follow-up. Information was obtained from the Danish Cancer Register, Danish Hospital Discharge Register, Danish Register of Causes of Death, and National Central Person Register. We estimated hazard ratios according to five year change in alcohol intake using Cox proportional hazards models.During the study, 1054, 1750, and 2080 cases of breast cancer, coronary heart disease, and mortality occurred, respectively. Analyses modelling five year change in alcohol intake with cubic splines showed that women who increased their alcohol intake over the five year period had a higher risk of breast cancer and a lower risk of coronary heart disease than women with a stable alcohol intake. For instance, women who increased their alcohol intake by seven or 14 drinks per week (corresponding to one or two drinks more per day) had hazard ratios of breast cancer of 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.23) and 1.29 (1.07 to 1.55), respectively, compared to women with stable intake, and adjusted for age, education, body mass index, smoking, Mediterranean diet score, parity, number of births, and hormone replacement therapy. For coronary heart disease, corresponding hazard ratios were 0.89 (0.81 to 0.97) and 0.78 (0.64 to 0.95), respectively, adjusted for age, education, body mass index, Mediterranean diet score, smoking, physical activity, hypertension, elevated cholesterol, and diabetes. Results among women who reduced their alcohol intake over the five year period were not significantly associated with risk of breast cancer or coronary heart disease. Analyses of all cause mortality showed that women who increased their alcohol intake from a high intake (≥14 drinks per week) to an even higher intake had a higher mortality risk that women with a stable high intake.In this study of postmenopausal women over a five year period, results support the hypotheses that alcohol intake is associated with increased risk of breast cancer and decreased risk of coronary heart disease.
Final analysis of COMET-1: Cabozantinib (Cabo) versus prednisone (Pred) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients (pts) previously treated with docetaxel (D) and abiraterone (A) and/or enzalutamide (E).
Authors: Matthew Raymond Smith, Johann Sebastian De Bono, Cora N. Sternberg, Sylvestre Le Moulec, Stephane Oudard, Ugo De Giorgi, Michael Krainer, Andre M. Bergman, Wolfgang Hoelzer, Ronald De Wit, Martin Boegemann, Fred Saad, Giorgio Cruciani, Antoine Thiery- Vuillemin, Susan Feyerabend, Kurt Miller, David Albert Ramies, Colin Hessel, Aaron Weitzman, Karim Fizazi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

139 Background: Cabo inhibits tyrosine kinases including MET and VEGFRs. In a phase 2 study in mCRPC pts, Cabo was associated with improvements in bone scans, pain, measurable disease, and circulating tumor cells. COMET-1 compared the effects of Cabo versus Pred on overall survival (OS) in men with progressive mCRPC and prior D and A and/or E. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, controlled phase 3 study (NCT01605227), pts with mCRPC and prior D and A and/or E were randomized 2:1 to receive Cabo (60 mg qd) or Pred (5 mg bid). Pts were stratified by prior treatment with cabazitaxel, ECOG status, and presence of moderate to severe pain. The primary endpoint was OS. The study was designed to observe 578 deaths to provide 90% power to detect a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.75. A secondary endpoint was bone scan response at Week 12 (BSR) determined by central independent radiology committee, defined as a ≥30% decrease in the bone scan lesion area compared to baseline. Exploratory endpoints include PFS and OS subgroup analyses. Results: 1,028 pts were randomized between Jul 2012 and Nov 2013. In the final analysis after 614 deaths, the estimated median OS was 11.0 months for Cabo vs 9.8 months for Pred (HR 0.90; 95% CI: 0.0.76-1.06; P = 0.212). The secondary endpoint of BSR was 41% for Cabo vs 3% for Pred (P &lt;0.001). Median PFS per investigator was 5.5 months for Cabo vs 2.8 months for Pred (HR 0.50; P &lt;0.001). For 191 pts with visceral disease median OS was 7.1 months for Cabo vs 4.8 months for Pred (HR 0.65; P = 0.0215). 371 (54.4%) and 233 (67.3%) pts received salvage therapy in the Cabo and Pred arms, respectively. Subsequent cabazitaxel and/or D was reported in 107 (15.7%) and 104 (30.1%) Cabo and Pred pts, respectively. Serious adverse events of pulmonary embolism, nausea, dehydration and fatigue were more frequent with Cabo. Conclusions: Compared to prednisone, Cabo improved BSR and PFS but did not significantly increase OS. The improvement in OS was greatest in the subset of patients with visceral metastases. The activity and safety profile of Cabo was similar to that observed in phase 2 studies in mCRPC. Clinical trial information: NCT01605227.
Phase II study of selumetinib (sel) versus temozolomide (TMZ) in gnaq/Gna11 (Gq/11) mutant (mut) uveal melanoma (UM).
Authors: Richard D. Carvajal, Jeffrey Alan Sosman, Fernando Quevedo, Mohammed M. Milhem, Anthony Michael Joshua, Ragini Reiney Kudchadkar, Gerald P. Linette, Thomas Gajewski, Jose Lutzky, David H. Lawson, Christopher D. Lao, Patrick J. Flynn, Mark R. Albertini, Takami Sato, Daniel Paucar, Katherine S. Panageas, Mark Andrew Dickson, Jedd D. Wolchok, Paul B. Chapman, Gary K. Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

CRA9003 The full, final text of this abstract will be available at abstract.asco.org at 7:30 AM (EDT) on Saturday, June, 1, 2013, and in the Annual Meeting Proceedings online supplement to the June 20, 2013, issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology. Onsite at the Meeting, this abstract will be printed in the Saturday edition of ASCO Daily News.
Is ventilation heterogeneity related to asthma control?
Authors: Sarah Svenningsen, Parameswaran Nair, Fumin Guo, David G. McCormack, Grace Parraga
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

In asthma patients, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the lung clearance index (LCI) have revealed persistent ventilation heterogeneity, although its relationship to asthma control is not well understood. Therefore, our goal was to explore the relationship of MRI ventilation defects and the LCI with asthma control and quality of life in patients with severe, poorly controlled asthma.18 patients with severe, poorly controlled asthma (mean±sd 46±12 years, six males/12 females) provided written informed consent to an ethics board approved protocol, and underwent spirometry, LCI and (3)He MRI during a single 2-h visit. Asthma control and quality of life were evaluated using the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Ventilation heterogeneity was quantified using the LCI and (3)He MRI ventilation defect percent (VDP).All participants reported poorly controlled disease (mean±sd ACQ score=2.3±0.9) and highly heterogeneous ventilation (mean±sd VDP=12±11% and LCI=10.5±3.0). While VDP and LCI were strongly correlated (r=0.86, p<0.0001), in a multivariate model that included forced expiratory volume in 1 s, VDP and LCI, VDP was the only independent predictor of asthma control (R(2)=0.38, p=0.01). There was also a significantly worse VDP, but not LCI in asthma patients with an ACQ score >2 (p=0.04) and AQLQ score <5 (p=0.04), and a trend towards worse VDP (p=0.053), but not LCI in asthma patients reporting ≥1 exacerbation in the past 6 months.In patients with poorly controlled, severe asthma MRI ventilation, but not LCI was significantly worse in those with worse ACQ and AQLQ.
Effect of Marriage on Risk for Onset of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Longitudinal and Co-Relative Analysis in a Swedish National Sample
Authors: Kenneth S. Kendler, Sara Larsson Lönn, Jessica Salvatore, Jan Sundquist, Kristina Sundquist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

The authors sought to clarify the relationship between marriage and risk for alcohol use disorder.The association between marital status and risk for first registration for alcohol use disorder in medical, criminal, and pharmacy registries was assessed in a population-based Swedish cohort (N=3,220,628) using longitudinal time-dependent survival and co-relative designs.First marriage was associated with a substantial decline in risk for onset of alcohol use disorder in men (hazard ratio=0.41, 95% CI=0.40-0.42) and women (hazard ratio=0.27, 95% CI=0.26-0.28). This association was slightly stronger when the spouse had no lifetime alcohol use disorder, while marriage to a spouse with lifetime alcohol use disorder increased risk for subsequent alcohol use disorder registration in both men (hazard ratio=1.29, 95% CI=1.16-1.43) and women (hazard ratio=1.18, 95% CI=1.06-1.30). In both sexes, the protective effect of marriage was significantly stronger in those with than those without a family history of alcohol use disorder. In both men and women, the associations between marriage and risk for alcohol use disorder in cousins, half siblings, full siblings, and monozygotic twins discordant for marital status were as strong as that seen in the general population.First marriage to a spouse with no lifetime alcohol use disorder is associated with a large reduction in risk for alcohol use disorder. This association cannot be explained by standard covariates or, as indicated by co-relative analyses, familial genetic or shared environmental confounders. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the psychological and social aspects of marriage, and in particular health-monitoring spousal interactions, strongly protect against the development of alcohol use disorder. The protective effects of marriage on risk for alcohol use disorder are increased in those at high familial risk for alcoholism.
Abstract 15018: Better Platelet Inhibition in Whole Blood is Achieved by Twice Daily Dosing of Aspirin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Authors: Gaila Spectre, Lisa Arnetz, Ragnhild Stalesen, Maud Daleskog, Nailin Li, Kerstin Brismar, Claes-Goran Ostenson, Paul Hjemdahl
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The efficacy of low dose aspirin in diabetes mellitus (DM) has been questioned. Diabetic patients have high platelet reactivity and may have a higher platelet turnover compared to non diabetics. We...