tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P2-09-04: Near Infra Red Quantum Dots as Novel Probes for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy.
Authors: SB Rizvi, SY Yang, R Bala, G Shirin, AM Seifalian, M Keshtgar
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is a standard procedure in breast cancer surgery. The current tracers for SLNB including the blue dye and radiocolloid, have various limitations like anaphylactic reaction to the dye and exposure of radioactivity to both patients and staff. Quantum dots (QDs) are fluorescent nanoparticles (2-10nm in diameter), with unique photophysical properties like enhanced photostability and size tunable emission wavelengths, that can potentially replace the current tracers for SLNB. QDs emitting in the Near Infra Red (NIR) range of the electromagnetic spectrum can be tracked in deep tissues as biological tissues are transparent to NIR wavelengths (700-2000nm). We have developed Near Infra Red emitting Quantum Dots (NIR QDs) as alternative probes for SLNB and set up a live NIR imaging system to track them in deep tissues. Materials and Methods: NIR emitting QDs based on CdTeHg were synthesized by a one pot aqueous method and characterized using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), UV-V is*** spectrometry and photoluminescence studies. 100μl of QDs (1mg/ml) were co-injected intradermally with blue dye into the hind legs of rat models (n=4) and compared to controls (n=4) which were injected with blue dye only. The procedure was conducted under inhalational anaesthesia using isofluorane and rats were monitored for hemodynamic instability for a period of 2 hrs after injection. QDs were tracked using a live NIR imaging system including an excitation light of 630nm, emission filter of 850nm and a Hamamatsu Orca 2 UV-Vis-NIR thermoelectrically cooled CCD camera. Results: NIR QDs had a core diameter of 7nm on TEM and emitted at 860nm upon excitation with a 630nm light source. Within 3 minutes of an intradermal injection QDs entered the lymphatic tracts. The lymphatics converged to the groin and a small surgical incision at this site revealed the underlying sentinel lymph node with minimal dissection. The rats remained hemodynamically stable throughout the duration of the procedure with no significant difference in comparison with the controls. Conclusion: NIR emitting QDs can be used for accurate localisation of the SLN prior to surgical incision, making this an even more minimally invasive procedure and possibly an office based procedure in the future. The nanosize, surface chemistry and deep tissue visibility of these novel nanoprobes allow relentless possibilities for in vitro and in vivo molecular and cellular imaging. NIR QDs can be conjugated to biomolecules for cancer localisation, detection of micrometastasis and image guided targeted drug delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Further studies to investigate their in vivo biodistribution are in progress to take this technology one step closer to clinical application. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-04.
EARLY DETECTION OF IMPAIRED LEFT VENTRICULER FUNCTION IN FIRST DEGREE RELATIVES OF PATIENS WITH IDIOPATHIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY: A STRAIN IMAGING STUDY
Authors: Mehmet Sefa Okten, Cemil Gurgun, Hatice Soner Kemal, Salih kilic, Selcen Yakar Tuluce, Kamil Tuluce, Evrim Simsek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Neurocognitive anthropology: What are the options?
Authors: Guy Vingerhoets
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Investigation of the cerebral organization of cognition in modern humans may serve as a tool for a better understanding of the evolutionary origins of our unique cognitive abilities. This commentary suggests three approaches that may serve this purpose: (1) cross-task neural overlap, referred to by Vaesen; but also (2) co-lateralization of asymmetric cognitive functions and (3) cross-functional (effective) connectivity.
A case of perforation following endoscopic biopsy of advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Y. Fukita, T. Asaki, Y. Katakura
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

An 82-year-old man with complete situs inversus was admitted to our hospital because of anorexia. He usually required home oxygen therapy to manage his chronic respiratory failure. An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy performed by an endoscopist of 24 years' experience revealed a type 3 gastric tumor, approximately 7 cm in diameter, in the cardiac region of the stomach ([Fig. 1]). Three biopsies were taken from the marginal swelling and one from the base of the tumor using spiked biopsy forceps (Olympus FB-220K). Histology subsequently showed poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma ([Fig. 2]).
Abstract 3293: Co-administration of lapatinib increases exposure to docetaxel but not doxorubicin in the small intestine of mice.
Authors: Susan F. Hudachek, Daniel Gustafson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Combination therapy is increasingly utilized for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. However, co-administration of drugs, particularly agents that are substrates for or inhibitors of p-glycoprotein, can result in increased tissue toxicity. Unfortunately, determining levels of chemotherapeutics in human tissues is challenging and plasma drug concentrations are not always indicative of tissue toxicokinetics or toxicodynamics, especially when tissue penetration is altered. The aim of the work presented herein was to determine if concomitant administration of compounds currently being combined in clinical trials for metastatic breast cancer treatment alters plasma and tissue pharmacokinetics in mice if both agents are p-glycoprotein substrates and/or inhibitors. Accordingly, we investigated the pharmacokinetic interactions of the classic cytotoxics and p-glycoprotein substrates docetaxel and doxorubicin when given concurrently with the targeted agent and p-glycoprotein inhibitor lapatinib. Our time course plasma and tissue distribution studies showed that co-administration of lapatinib with doxorubicin did not appreciably alter the pharmacokinetics of this anthracycline in the plasma or six tissues evaluated in mice, presumably because, at doses relevant to human exposure, lapatinib inhibition of p-glycoprotein did not significantly alter doxorubicin transport out of these tissue compartments. However, combining lapatinib with docetaxel dramatically increased intestinal exposure to this chemotherapeutic, which has clinical implications for enhancing gastrointestinal toxicity. The significant lapatinib-docetaxel interaction is likely CYP3A4-mediated and thus, our study suggests that caution should be taken when this combination is administered, particularly to patients with compromised CYP3A activity, and recipients should be closely monitored for enhanced toxicity, particularly for adverse effects on the intestine. Citation Format: Susan F. Hudachek, Daniel Gustafson. Co-administration of lapatinib increases exposure to docetaxel but not doxorubicin in the small intestine of mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3293. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3293
Diabetes Responsive to Intravenous but Not Subcutaneous Insulin: Effectiveness of Aprotinin
Authors: Gary R. Freidenberg, Neil White, Samuel Cataland, Thomas M. O'Dorisio, Juan F. Sotos, Julio V. Santiago
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Patients with diabetes that is insensitive to subcutaneous insulin but sensitive to intravenous insulin have recently been described. We have studied this phenomenon in five female diabetics (14 to 31 years of age) who required excessive amounts of insulin (2.5 to 30.0 units per kilogram of body weight per day) to avoid recurrent ketoacidosis. Known causes of insulin resistance were excluded. All patients had normal responses to conventional doses of intravenous insulin (0.35 to 0.9 unit per kilogram per day). Four patients required continuous intravenous infusion of insulin for one to six months. When a mixture of aprotinin (a protease inhibitor) and regular porcine insulin was given subcutaneously, conventional doses (0.7 to 1.4 units per kilogram per day) produced euglycemia; plasma levels of free insulin rose, and ketonuria disappeared. Four patients had episodes of spontaneous, severe hypoglycemia before and during aprotinin therapy, necessitating continuous infusion of glucose for two to 14 days. Although no insulin was administered, hyperinsulinemia (50 to 2000 μU of free insulin per milliliter [359 to 14,350 pmol per liter]) was present. These findings suggest excessive degradation or sequestration of insulin at the site of injection. (N Engl J Med. 1981; 305:363–8.)
CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE THERAPY IMPROVES ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND NEUTROPHIL-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA SYNDROME
Authors: Jun-ichi Oyama, Daisuke Nagatomo, Goro Yoshioka, Ayumu Yamasaki, HIroshi Komoda, Koichi Node
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
P4-07-04: Nomogram Including Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) Count before and during Chemotherapy for Individual Survival Prediction of Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients.
Authors: F-C Bidard, D Hajage, T Bachelot, S Delaloge, E Brain, M Campone, R Wolp-Diniz, V Dieras, C Mathiot, B Asselain, J-Y Pierga
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background CTC count before a new line of treatment and CTC count early changes under chemotherapy have been reported as an independent prognostic marker in metastatic breast cancer in a recent pooled analysis in 841 pts (Liu M. ASCO 2011). The aim of this study was to build a prognostic tool including CTC and other parameters to assesse its predictive value for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Methods: Data from the IC 2006–04 study were used. This prospective multicentre study included 267 metastatic breast cancer patients treated by first line chemotherapy with or without targeted therapy, in whom appropriate pre-treatment prognostic variables (age, performance status, number of metastatic sites, disease-free interval, ER, PR and HER2 status, tumor grade, LDH, serum markers, CTC count by CellSearch technique before treatment and before cycle 2) were available for statistical analysis. We constructed a multivariate Cox regression model for PFS and OS prediction. A stepwise selection process was applied to achieve the most informative and parsimonious models. Performance was measured with the C-index statistic. Internal validation was performed using leave-two-out technique. Results: Four nomograms have been obtained, in two clinical settings: at inclusion (before the start of any treatment) taking into account the initial CTC count, and during treatment (before cycle 2) taking into account CTC changes under treatment. Their accuracy was good for PFS and OS prediction, with C-index ranging from 0.72 to 0.88. Internal validations allow considering a good accuracy of the models in an external population. Conclusion: These clinically relevant nomograms are a simple tool for a personalized prognostic assessment including CTC assessment. Validation on independent series of patients are ongoing. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-04.
Foam-Stability Test on Gastric Aspirate and the Diagnosis of Respiratory-Distress Syndrome
Authors: Richard M. Cowett, Edward J. Unsworth, David O. Hakanson, John R. Williams, William Oh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Gastric aspirate, collected from 79 infants within 30 minutes of birth, was subjected to the foam-stability test. The lecithin/sphingomyelin ratio was determined in 27. The results were compared with the incidence of respiratory-distress syndrome as determined independently by different investigators. Of the 59 infants with a positive foam-stability test on gastric aspirate, three had transient respiratory distress, and one the respiratory-distress syndrome; 17 of 22 had lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios greater than 2.0. Of nine infants who had intermediate test results, three were normal, four had transient respiratory distress, and two had the respiratory-distress syndrome. In all the 11 infants with negative foam-stability tests the respiratory-distress syndrome developed. The three gastric aspirates tested in this group had lecithin/sphingomyelin ratios of less than 1.5. These data indicate that the foam-stability test on gastric aspirate is a reliable index of fetal lung maturity in infants whose amniotic fluid is not available. (N Engl J Med 293:413–416, 1975)
Incidental Detection of Bilateral Kidney Calyces in Tc-99m Phytate Liver and Spleen Scan
Authors: CHIA-HUNG KAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

A 32-year-old female hepatitis B carrier had possible liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly. The Tc-99m phytate liver and spleen scan showed apparent splenomegaly and incidental findings of Tc-99m phytate stasis in the calyxes of both kidneys.
AB0734 Assessment of Spondyloarthritis Patients Bone Health by Trabecular Bone Score (TBS): A Pilot Study: Table 1
Authors: V. Boiadjieva, L. Wildberger, N. Stoilov, D. Hans, M. Ivanova, R. Stoilov, B. Aubry Rozier, R. Rashkov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) have an elevated incidence of osteoporosis and are at increased risk of pathological vertebral fracture. Evaluation of bone by dual energy X-Ray absorptiometry (DXA) has its limits in fracture prediction, as it only measures quantity, but not quality of bone. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a new texture measurement correlated with bone microarchitecture. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to describe a male and female population of SpA with BMD and TBS evaluation and study the relationship between bone health parameters and rheumatic disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> 2 cohorts of SpA patients (Lausanne, Sofia) with SpA disease parameters (clinical assessments with disease-specific measurements) and bone parameters (femoral and total spine BMD + spine TBS) were merged. We separated female and male. We compared both BMD and TBS results to young normative values and study their relationships with the disease activity, physical function and spinal mobility. Disease activity was assessed by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI) and the preferred version of ASDAS (ASDAS-CRP). Physical function was measured by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) and spinal mobility - by the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI). All patients were ESSG, 100% of men and 92% of women ASAS positive. The patients with chronic renal diseases, chronic use of high doses of corticosteroids, endocrine diseases (hyperparathyroidism) or chronic alcohol abuse were excluded from the study. <h3>Results</h3> 49 females, 41 males. For population characteristics, see Table 1 Only Spine TBS and femoral BMD T-score were significantly correlated with the BASMI index. The other correlations with Disease activity and function did not reach the significance level. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Men tend to have weaker bone health than women at the same age in this study. Such difference could be explained by the higher disease activity and clinical risk factors and the lower level of OP treatment in men than women. Further statistical analyses are underway on the entire cohort. Both BMD and TBS results of SpA patients are lower than young normative values which would be consistent with higher fracture risk. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4235
OP0009-PARE Easy-to-open packaging – a practical tool developed by involving people with arthritis
Authors: L.M. Thomsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> A large number of consumers have reduced hand strength and difficulties in opening packaging, due to illness or age. 16,8% of the Danish population have experienced reduced function in hands/arms within the last year, and 8% are experiencing reduced function daily. Reduced functions in hands/arms are even more common among people with rheumatism. 33% of the members of the Danish Rheumatism Association have difficulties in opening packaging several times every day and therefore; the association has taken several initiatives in order to get more accessible packing during the last years. One of the initiatives has been to participate in the project "User friendly packaging – Guideline for industry". The project is based on user-driven innovation and the users are primary people with arthritis recruited through The Danish Rheumatism Association. The project started in 2008 and the guideline will be presented in March 2012 and translated to English. The project is collaboration between The Danish Technological Institute (DTI), Aarhus School of Architecture, The Danish Rheumatism Association and several industry associations and companies. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the project has been to improve user-accessibility within packaging by developing a web-based guideline for industry. <h3>Methods</h3> The designers have been interviewing and observing, how people with arthritis handles packaging. The aim has been to understand the impact packaging has on the daily life among people with arthritis and elderly. The user studies have been based on a visit in the participant's homes, where the designers have followed shopping and cooking situations.These observations formed the basis of the designers' proposals for new and more accessible packaging. The designers have now with engineers at DTI, developed a guideline for industry, which takes into account both the users and technical requirements <h3>Results</h3> The main result of the project is a web-based guideline for industry. The guideline contains knowledge regarding the experience of the users and issues on packaging design. Also the guideline contains a step by step process to develop easy-to-open packaging. The main focus in the development of the guideline has been to produce a functional and practical tool. The guideline has been proven in cases with five companies within the food sector. The presentation will illustrate different elements of the guideline and focus on the user part, where members of the Danish Rheumatism Association have been contributing. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Through systematically observations and interviews among people with arthritis, designers and engineers have succeeded in developing a web-based guideline for industry. The guideline can be a tool for producers of packaging, engineers and designers who want to develop accessible packaging in the future. <h3>Note</h3> The guideline can be seen on www.brugervenligemballage.dk <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Case 29-1995
Authors: D.P. Schenkein, E. Ahmed
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Presentation of CaseA 65-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of Hodgkin's disease of the anterior mediastinum and the radiographic finding of a pelvic mass.The patient had been well until about four months earlier, when pleuritic pain developed in the left side of the chest and he entered another hospital. Radiographs of the chest, a ventilation–perfusion scan, and the results of a pulmonary angiographic examination were reported to be normal, and the patient was discharged after three days with a diagnosis of “viral pleurisy.” At follow-up examination performed by his personal physician two months later because of . . .
Abstract 4320: Separate analysis of the cancer and stroma cell populations from orthotopically implanted cancer cell lines in fluorescent mice
Authors: Hege K. Jacobsen, Linda Sleire, Jian Wang, Agnete Svendsen, Paal-Henning Pedersen, Donald Gullberg, Per Ø. Enger
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The tumour microenvironment is increasingly recognised as important in most aspects of tumourigenesis, from tumor formation, growth and invasion, to metastasis and priming of distant metastatic sites. It has been estimated that around 50% of a solid tumor mass may be of stromal origin, including cells of the immune system, endothelial cells and fibroblasts, with the latter being the most abundant. The fibroblasts recruited to a tumor are commonly known as cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and are characterized by their heterogeneity of marker expression and origin, making them a challenge to study. Therefore, we have developed a new strain of mice for the analysis of the tumour microenvironment in xenograft models. The strain was created by crossbreeding dsRed positive mice with severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice, and backcrossing on a SCID background until we obtained a homozygous dsRed-SCID inbred strain. As the tumor cells implanted are non-fluorescent, whereas the stromal contributions to the growing tumors are dsRed positive, the two compartments were successfully separated by Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) after mechanical and enzymatic dissociation. The dsRed phenotype is visibly red with the naked eye, and fluoresces under a 488 nm dark reader lamp light. The organs have been confirmed dsRed positive by imaging and further confirmed and quantified by RT-PCR. The SCID phenotype was confirmed by immune phenotyping, using markers for B, T, Tc, Th and NK cells. Furthermore, the mice were confirmed immune deficient when they were orthotopicaly grafted with breast (4T1) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines. Fibroblast enriched populations were isolated from primary A549 tumours, 4T1 tumours and 4T1 tumour metastasis to the lungs, by subsorting the dsRed positive stromal compartment, excluding cells of the immune system and endothelial cells. Preliminary data clearly show distinct tumor and stroma populations in primary breast and lung cancer, as well as in lung metastasis from breast cancer xenografts. Furthermore, when investigating the breast cancers dissociated at different time points from implantation, it is clear that the percentage of stromal cells in the overall tumour mass decreases as the tumour grows. The fibroblasts were further analyzed for marker expression, cell cycle phase distribution and in vitro growth properties. We conclude that this model provides a valuable tool for investigating the stromal compartment of xenograft tumours. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4320. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4320