tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0240 Are rheumatologists capable to assess chest x-ray for intertitial lung disease related with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis?
Authors: L. Kilic, U. Kalyoncu, M. Ariyurek, S. Bilgen, O. Karadag, A. Akdogan, S. Kiraz, E. Tunceli, M. Hayran, I. Ertenli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Guideline of intertitial lung disease (ILD) recommend history, physical examination, chest X-ray and blood tests for assesment of ILD in the first step<sup>1</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess accuracy of chest X-ray for connective tissue disease related ILD. <h3>Methods</h3> In our hospital, PACS (Picture archiving and communication system) system present since 2009. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients enrolled to study. In first step, patients who had computerized tomography and chest X-ray in PACS were screened. Of 163 patients (126 (77.3%) RA and 37 (22.7%) SSc) had both imaging in PACS. Sixtyeight (41.5%) patients had ILD in CT. An intern doctor put in order file number of all patients. Two rheumatologist (2 and 9 years experience) and one pulmonary radiologist (18 years experience) assesed all chest X-ray separetly. Physicians were informed sex and age of patients. Physicians also known that some of the patients had ILD and others not. Physicians and radiologist assessed chest X-Ray as "definitive", "suspected" or "absent" for ILD. CT results were used as gold standard. Kendall's tau-b statistics were used by "definitive" plus "suspected" versus "absent". <h3>Results</h3> Thirtyseven of 163 (22.7%) patients were male. Among rheumatologist, "definitive" ILD concordance was 0.63 (standart error (SE) 0.071). For both diseases, CT concordance of radiologist, 2 and 9 years experience rheumatologist were %53.2 (SE:6.0), %30.4 (SE:7.2), %32.2 (SE: 7.1). Sensitivity of "definitive" ILD by chest X-ray of 2 and 9 experience rheumatologist and radiologist were 44.9%, 41.9% and 47.8% respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Rheumatologists detected truely definitive/suspected ILD by chest X-Ray. However, spesificity of evaluation of rheumatologist very low than radiologist. Negative predictive value of chest X-ray is acceptable for RA but not for SSc. Rheumatologist seems to capable for detection of ILD by chest X-Ray in first step evaluation. <h3>References</h3> Thorax. 2008;63 Suppl 5:v1-58. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 4910: The search for the stem cells of human and canine osteosarcoma: evaluation of stemness markers and sarcosphere formation.
Authors: Ya-Ting Yang, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor of both humans and dogs. The high recurrence rate, resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy indicate that novel approaches to treatment are needed. In various cancers, a small population of cells with capacity for self-renewal, tumor growth and metastasis have been identified and designated cancer stem cells, CSCs. Identification and effective targeting of CSCs are necessary for successful treatment of these cancers. The heterogeneous cell types of OS suggest the involvement of CSCs in OS. In some studies, the ability to form spheres in semi-solid media has been proposed as a characteristic of CSCs and in others, the expression of the general stemness markers such as OCT4 has been proposed as a major phenotype of the CSCs. In this study, we evaluated the sarcosphere forming fraction of two cell lines, D17 and SAOS2, a canine and a human OS cell line, respectively. Both D17 and SAOS2 cells were transfected with an OCT4-YFP (yellow florescent protein) reporter construct. The YFP positive and negative cell fractions were isolated from both cell lines and evaluated for sarcosphere forming ability. In addition, expression of OCT4 and other stemness markers, NANOG and SOX2 were evaluated. All cells were characterized for their tumorigenic potential in vitro, including invasion through Matrigel, as well as for their ability to form sarcospheres. Our data show that OCT4 positive cells were more invasive than negative subsets in both D17 and SAOS2 cell lines. In addition, while both subsets were able to form spheres, OCT4 positive cells formed larger spheres than negative cells. These findings further highlight the heterogeneity of the osteosarcoma tumor cells, and suggest that neither sarcosphere formation nor OCT4 expression are sufficient to define the CSCs in either canine and human OS. Further studies incorporating other markers are ongoing to identify and characterize the CSCs in OS. Citation Format: Ya-Ting Yang, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan. The search for the stem cells of human and canine osteosarcoma: evaluation of stemness markers and sarcosphere formation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4910. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4910
Serum Urate in Healthy Men — Intermittent Elevations and Seasonal Effect
Authors: Robert A. Goldstein, Kenneth L. Becker, Charles F. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

EPIDEMIOLOGIC surveys of serum mate levels have been interpreted to indicate that multiple factors,1 , 2 including race,3 , 4 social stratum,5 , 6 intelligence,7 , 8 and stress,9 , 10 influence the prevalence of hyperuricemia in otherwise healthy persons. Unfortunately, many of these surveys are cross-sectional and do not take into consideration the possibility that there may be diurnal or seasonal variations in serum urate concentrations. In fact, substantial variations may occur when serum urate levels are measured in the same person during a 24-hour period,11 , 12 or when tests are repeated over several weeks.13 Materials and MethodsTo determine the influence of season, serum mate measurements were performed at . . .
Cancer Screening, Clinical Trials for African Americans Still Problematic
Authors: C. Nelson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Cancer Screening, Clinical Trials for African Americans Still Problematic Get access Corinna Nelson Corinna Nelson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 23, 7 December 1994, Pages 1753–1754, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.23.1753 Published: 07 December 1994
Abstract P5-03-10: HIF-1alpha knockout radiosensitizes select Inflammatory Breast Cancer cells through reduction of stem-like cancer cells
Authors: W Xu, BG Debeb, DL Smith, JL Li, NT Ueno, de Lacerda LC Alvarez, RA Larson, LP Schwba, TN Seagroves, WA Woodward
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Independent of the tumor stroma, HIF-1α regulates tumor cell metabolism, cell proliferation and DNA repair pathways, which may produce conflicting responses to radiation, promoting either radioresistance or radiosensitization. Recently, HIF-1α was shown to increase tumor initiating cells (TICs) activity in normoxic tumor cells derived from the MMTV-PyMT trasngenic mouse model of luminal-like breast cancer. While TICs have been reported to be relatively radio-resistant, the role of HIF-1α in mediating the radation response in breast cancer TICs remains unknown. Herein, we examined radiosenstitivity of TICs derived from either PyMT HIF-1α knock out (KO) tumor cells or human breast cancer cell lines transduced with a HIF-1α dominant negative (DN) construct. Consistent prior results that loss of HIF-1 activity reduces TIC frequency, down-regulation of HIF-1 activity through the HIF DN construct reduced mammosphere formation in SUM-159, SUM-149 and MCF-7 cells (by 5.0-, 2.0-, and 2.0-fold respectively). Moreover, β-catenin expression was down-regulated in SUM-149 and SUM-159 cells transfected with the HIF-1α DN construct. Moreover, SUM-149 cells expressing the HIF-1α DN construct exhibited delayed tumor growth in vivo (p = 0.05). Standard clonogenic assays demonstrated that PyMT HIF-1α KO cells and SUM-149 cells expressing the HIF-1α DN construct were more sensitive to radiation therapy (SF6 of PyMT, HIF-1α:Control, 0.016:0.087), but that the PyMT KO and SUM-149 mammospheres that persisted after radiation were completely radioresistant (SF6 of PyMT, HIF-1 α: Control, 0.48:0.44). In contrast, MCF-7 cells were not radiosensitized in either standard or mammosphere assays. Interestingly, in HIF-1α DN MCF-7 cells, molecular features of IBC were observed, such as the increased expression of E-Cadherin and loss of Wisp3. But, Notch1 protein expression was unchanged between HIF-1α DN MCF7 or SUM149 cells. Moreover, concurrent radiation in the presence of a gamma secretase inhibitor or with a p53-MDM2 inhibitor nutlin failed to radiosensitize HIF KO mammosphere clonogens. We conclude that downregulation of HIF-1 activity selectively radiosensitizes IBC clonogenic cells but fails to radiosensitize the residual mammospheres. These data suggest that the known HIF-1α mediated mechanisms that favor radiosensitivity, such as the promotion of glycolysis and proliferation under stress, may predominate in mammospheres, which ultimately leads to radioresistance in residual mammospheres after HIF inhibition. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-03-10.
P101 Surface parasternal intercostal electromyogram (sEMGpara) as a monitoring tool in cystic fibrosis
Authors: C. Reilly, C. Jolley, C. Elston, G. F. Rafferty, J. Moxham
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Lung function has been traditionally accepted as the primary monitoring tool in cystic fibrosis. The rate of change in lung function however, is slowing and is now as low as 1% per annum. Alternative monitoring tools to assess disease severity are therefore required. Measuring neural respiratory drive (NRD) using diaphragm electromyography (EMG) provides a sensitive measure of load on the respiratory system. The invasive nature of this technique limits is application, however measurement of NRD by sEMGpara is non-invasive and has potential clinical application in monitoring respiratory function in cystic fibrosis (CF). Hypothesis That NRD measured by sEMGpara%max can be used to assess the change of ventilatory mechanics during an infective exacerbation in CF. Methods Eight patients [median (range) 20 (20–25) years old, three females] with CF, admitted to hospital with an acute chest infection were studied. The studies were performed within 48 h of admission and on the day of discharge. At both time points spirometry and sEMGpara were measured. sEMGpara was recorded from bipolar surface electrodes placed 3 cm bilaterally from the midpoint of the sternum in the second intercostal spaces (positive electrode on the right side of the chest). The reference electrode was placed on the lateral aspect of the clavicle. For EMG analysis the root mean square (RMS) was calculated and peak RMS of the resting EMG was expressed as a percentage of peak RMS of the maximum (EMG %max) obtained during inspiratory capacity manoeuvres. Results The median (range) length of stay was 10 (5–22) days. There was a significant reduction in median (range) sEMGpara%max between the first measurement and discharge [19.5 (8–28)% vs 13.5(6–18)% p=0.008]. The reduction in sEMGpara%max was coupled with an improvement in FEV1% predicted [41 (20–62)% vs 46 (34–85)% p=0.02] and VC% predicted [70 (38–79)% vs 74 (45–90)% p=0.033] on discharge. Conclusion These findings support the hypothesis that NRD measured by sEMGpara%max has potential as a clinical tool to assess changes in ventilatory function in patients with CF following an acute exacerbation.
Abstract 5542: Gene expression and genomic DNA stabilization in whole blood stored at room temperature
Authors: Vasco Liberal, Steven P. Wilkinson, Angela Stassinopoulos, Winnie Huang, Scott Whitney, Lutfunnessa Shireen, Sharron Ohgi, Rolf Muller, Judy Muller-Cohn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Genomic and mitochondrial DNA and gene expression profiles from blood samples are increasingly being used to diagnose specific diseases, including cancer, monitor disease progression and assess patient responses to medical treatment. However, such applications require reliable preservation of total RNA and DNA in patient samples during collection, transport and storage. Numerous agents threaten DNA and RNA profiles in collected blood samples, including nucleolytic attack, oxidative damage and hydrolysis. Such damage can severely disrupt genotyping and DNA sequencing efforts. Transcription profiles are highly dynamic and can change rapidly during and after blood collection using current methods, potentially affecting interpretation of the expression analysis, and ultimately lead to inadequate treatment options. In this study, we compare freezer storage with room temperature stabilization formulations, DNAgard Blood and PAXgene Blood DNA, in their capacities to preserve genomic DNA integrity in human whole blood for 8 months. In a separate analysis, we compare freezer storage with room temperature stabilization formulations, PAXgene Blood RNA and Biomatrica formulation DRG, in their capacities to stabilize RNA in whole blood samples. We assess changes in the relative expression of a panel of 34000 genes in whole blood specimens over the course of 7 days using RT-qPCR and the Human HT-12 Bead Array (Illumina). Our results demonstrate that room temperature blood storage is a valid alternative to cold-storage for preserving gDNA for more than a year, and RNA for at least 7 days. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5542. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5542
Control of Hypertension in Pregnancy — If Some Is Good, Is More Worse?
Authors: Caren G. Solomon, Michael F. Greene
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Entering pregnancy with chronic hypertension is increasingly common. A nationwide study of deliveries in the United States revealed that the prevalence of chronic hypertension among pregnant women had increased significantly, from 0.9% in 1995–1996 to 1.5% in 2007–2008.1 The frequency of gestational hypertension (i.e., hypertension first detected during pregnancy) has also increased.2 Older maternal age at delivery and higher rates of obesity at least partially explain these increases. Chronic hypertension is an important risk factor for pregnancy complications, including, for the fetus or neonate, poor fetal growth, preterm birth, low birth weight, requirement for neonatal intensive care, and death, and . . .
Development and Progression of Renal Disease in Pima Indians with Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Robert G. Nelson, Peter H. Bennett, Gerald J. Beck, Ming Tan, William C. Knowler, William E. Mitch, Gladys H. Hirschman, Bryan D. Myers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease. However, the course and determinants of renal failure in this type of diabetes have not been clearly defined.We studied glomerular function at intervals of 6 to 12 months for 4 years in 194 Pima Indians selected to represent different stages in the development and progression of diabetic renal disease. Initially, 31 subjects had normal glucose tolerance, 29 had impaired glucose tolerance, 30 had newly diagnosed diabetes, and 104 had had diabetes for five years or more; of these 104, 20 had normal albumin excretion, 50 had microalbuminuria, and 34 had macroalbuminuria. The glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, urinary albumin excretion, and blood pressure were measured at each examination.Initially, the mean (+/-SE) glomerular filtration rate was 143+/-7 ml per minute in subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes, 155+/-7 ml per minute in those with microalbuminuria, and 124+/-7 ml per minute in those with macroalbuminuria; these values were 16 percent, 26 percent, and 1 percent higher, respectively, than in the subjects with normal glucose tolerance (123+/-4 ml per minute). During four years of follow-up, the glomerular filtration rate increased by 18 percent in the subjects who initially had newly diagnosed diabetes (P=0.008); the rate declined by 3 percent in those with microalbuminuria at base line (P=0.29) and by 35 percent in those with macroalbuminuria (P<0.001). Higher base-line blood pressure predicted increasing urinary albumin excretion (P=0.006), and higher base-line urinary albumin excretion predicted a decline in the glomerular filtration rate (P<0.001). The initial glomerular filtration rate did not predict worsening albuminuria.The glomerular filtration rate is elevated at the onset of NIDDM and remains so while normal albumin excretion or microalbuminuria persists. It declines progressively after the development of macroalbuminuria.
Safety and Efficacy of a Lentiviral Vector Containing Three Anti-HIV Genes—CCR5 Ribozyme, Tat-rev siRNA, and TAR Decoy—in SCID-hu Mouse–Derived T Cells
Authors: Joseph Anderson, Ming-Jie Li, Brent Palmer, Leila Remling, Shirley Li, Priscilla Yam, Jiing-Kuan Yee, John Rossi, John Zaia, Ramesh Akkina
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

Gene therapeutic strategies show promise in controlling human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in restoring immunological function. A number of efficacious anti-HIV gene constructs have been described so far, including small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), RNA decoys, transdominant proteins, and ribozymes, each with a different mode of action. However, as HIV is prone to generating escape mutants, the use of a single anti-HIV construct would not be adequate to afford long range-viral protection. On this basis, a combination of highly potent anti-HIV genes-namely, a short hairpin siRNA (shRNA) targeting rev and tat, a transactivation response (TAR) decoy, and a CCR5 ribozyme-have been inserted into a third-generation lentiviral vector. Our recent in vitro studies with this construct, Triple-R, established its efficacy in both T-cell lines and CD34 cell-derived macrophages. In this study, we have evaluated this combinatorial vector in vivo. Vector-transduced CD34 cells were injected into severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-hu mouse thy/liv grafts to determine their capacity to give rise to T cells. Our results show that phenotypically normal transgenic T cells are generated that are able to resist HIV-1 infection when challenged in vitro. These important attributes of this combinatorial vector show its promise as an excellent candidate for use in human clinical trials.
NEW ONSET DIABETES MELLITUS INCREASES RATE OF ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AFTER ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION?
Authors: Jiyeoun Seo, Jin-Sun Park, Kyoung Woo Seo, Hyoung-Mo Yang, Hong-Seok Lim, Byoung-Joo Choi, So-Yeon Choi, Myeong-Ho Yoon, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Seung Jea Tahk, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
I-123 IMP Pulmonary SPECT in a Patient with Acute Pulmonary Thromboembolism
Authors: NAOYUKI WATANABE, SHUJI TANADA, HAJIME MURATA, YASUHITO SASAKI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

WATANABE, NAOYUKI M.D.; TANADA, SHUJI M.D.; MURATA, HAJIME M.D.; SASAKI, YASUHITO M.D. Author Information
AB0186 The association between smoking and ra disease activity (das 28) and extra-articular manifestation
Authors: M. Hadi Munshed, T. alsaadawi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> RA is a chronic systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affect all ethnic groups throughout the world, the main characteristic symptoms is persistent synovitis of diarthroidal joints often symmetrical resulting in pain, stiffness, and limitation of movement. Smoking is the most established environmental risk factor for development, severity, and extra-articular manifestation of RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the association between smoking and RA disease activity (DAS 28) and extra-articular manifestation <h3>Methods</h3> A cross sectional study was conducted on 244 patients with RA meeting the American College of Rheumatology Criteria for the classification of RA, Patients data were obtained via face - to- face interview performed by rheumatologist. RA disease-related data, such as disease duration, rheumatoid factor positivity, drug use (all anti-rheumatic drugs, glucocorticoid use and NSAID’s), history of smoking which is classified into current smoker, former Smoker ( patient discontinue smoking for at least three months ), and never smoker, also number of cigarette per day were also recorded. Extra-articular manifestation of RA were assessed in all patient by thorough physical examination, and the patient send for appropriate investigation to confirm the diagnosis. Disease activity was measured using the Disease Activity Score based on evaluation of 28 joints (DAS28) <h3>Results</h3> Among 244 patients with RA 76.2% were women and 23.8% were men, the females were significantly predominate the study samples (P&lt;0.001). The mean (SD) age are 46.9 ± 11.4, the age varies with smoking history (P=0.043). It is significant to find that two third of patients (69.3%) not have smoking history (P&lt;0.001) because majority of patients were female. Smoking is significantly increase rheumatoid factor positivity (P=0.013), also associated with higher disease activity (DAS 28) (P&lt;0.001). Smoking is significantly associated with rheumatoid nodules (P&lt;0.001), secondary Sjögren syndrome (P&lt;0.001), and eye involvement (P=0.002), while there is no significant association with other extra-articular manifestations <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is significant association between smoking and RA disease activity (DAS 28) and extra-articular manifestations <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared