tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Dynamics of Bile Emptying by Quantitative Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy Before and After Cholecystectomy in Patients With Uncomplicated Gallstone Disease
Authors: L Madácsy, D B Toftdahl, H V Middelfart, L Hojgaard, P Funch-Jensen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Purpose: Quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy, a noninvasive method frequently used to diagnose several biliary tract disorders, shows abnormalities in bile secretion and outflow. It is well known that there are wide variations in the normal pattern of bile emptying, but the effect of cholecystectomy on the bile flow has not yet been investigated. The goal of the current study was to examine the dynamics and normal variations of bile flow by quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy before and after cholecystectomy in a group of patients with uncomplicated gallstone disease. Methods: Twenty patients were evaluated before and after cholecystectomy through cholecystokinin octapeptide-augmented quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy, and quantitative parameters of bile emptying (Tmax: time to peak activity, T1/2: half-emptying time before and after cholecystokinin octapeptide and duodenum appearance time) were determined and then compared. Results: Before operation, the bile outflow displayed wide variations, with a moderately delayed common bile duct emptying time in some patients. After cholecystectomy, the T1/2 of the common bile duct decreased significantly when compared with the preoperative status, with only minor patient-to-patient variation, indicating uniformly faster bile emptying (common bile duct T1/2 before and after operation: 30.5 ± 14.8 and 18.8 ± 2.6 min, respectively). Cholecystokinin octapeptide administration caused rapid bile outflow from the common bile duct, with a significant decrease in the T1/2 parameters before and after cholecystectomy. Conclusions: In patients with their gallbladders in situ, the bile emptying rate showed wide variations and may be moderately slow without distal common bile duct obstruction. After cholecystectomy, the rate of bile emptying accelerated and showed only minor variations, thereby increasing the sensitivity of quantitative hepatobiliary scintigraphy for showing partial biliary obstruction.
Abstract 4700: Identification and functional analysis of 9p23-24 amplified genes in human breast cancer
Authors: Jack Wu, Suling Liu, Gang Liu, Alan Dombkowski, Judith Abrams, Max Wicha, Stephen Ethier, Zeng-Quan Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gene amplification is a major mechanism used by cancer cells to increase gene expression and subsequently gain a growth and survival advantage. Previously, we identified a novel amplicon at 9p23-24 region in human esophageal and breast cancer and originally cloned a novel gene GASC1 (Gene Amplified in Squamous Cell Carcinoma 1) from this amplicon. Accumulating evidence suggests common amplicons that occur in breast and other cancers contain multiple oncogenes that could play a role in cancer initiation and progression. In the current study, we aimed to comprehensively characterize the 9p23-24 amplified genes in human breast cancer. We performed array CGH analysis on a panel of cancer cell lines with the Agilent 244K microarray chip and narrowed the shortest region of overlapping (SRO) of the 9p23-24 amplicon to ∼2 Mb. Eleven genes within the SRO regions were examined for their mRNA expression by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). Based on statistical association between copy number and expression, we confirmed GASC1 as a top candidate oncogene and identified three new potential oncogenes, UHRF2, KIAA1432 and C9orf123. Our more recent studies indicated that GASC1 is a member of a new class of oncogenes that are involved in the deregulation of histone methylation in cancer cells. We found that GASC1 induces the expression of core stemness transcription factors NANOG, SOX2 and OCT4, as well as classical oncogenes, including NOTCH1 and MYC, in breast cancer cells. On the other hand, UHRF2 encodes a nuclear protein that is involved in cell-cycle regulation. Knocking down UHRF2 slowed cell growth and inhibited colony formation of 9p23-24 amplified breast cancer cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that expression levels of key tumor suppressing genes, including p16/INK4a, p21/WAF1 and p27/KIP1, were increased after knocking down UHRF2 in breast cancer cells. Collectively, our studies support the notion that the 9p23-24 amplicon contains multiple candidate oncogenes and may play an important role in human tumorigenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4700. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4700
Gangrene and Type I Cryoglobulinemia in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: L Cirasino, P R Barbano
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Figure 1. A 57-year-old woman was admitted because of ischemia of the feet (Panel A). A monoclonal IgG- λ gammopathy and type I cryoglobulinemia (cryocrit, 13.8 percent) were found in the serum, and a bone marrow biopsy revealed multiple myeloma with plasmablastic features (inset; Giemsa, ×1000). Gangrene developed, with subsequent mummification of the left foot (Panel B), despite treatment with intensive plasmapheresis, epoprostenol, and vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone. A conservative amputation was carried out after the completion of six cycles of chemotherapy. After the chemotherapy, the cryoglobulins disappeared from serum (cryocrit, 0), but the myeloma persisted in the bone marrow. . . .
Impaired Lymphocyte Function in Untreated Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Ronald Levy, Henry S. Kaplan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

To provide a rapid and quantitative in vitro method for assessing cellular immunoresponsiveness in Hodgkin's disease, we measured protein synthesis by lymphocytes stimulated by phytohemagglutinin. The function of peripheral blood lymphocytes from 44 untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease was investigated and compared with that of lymphocytes from 37 normal persons. A phytohemagglutinin dose-dependent defect in lymphocyte stimulation was detectable in Hodgkin's disease, even in patients with limited disease (Stages I and II). The defect was more pronounced in patients with more extensive disease (Stages III and IV). The lymphocytes of patients in continuous remission for two to eight years after intensive megavoltage radiotherapy also exhibited severely impaired responses. (N Engl J Med 290:181–186, 1974)
SAT0406 Quantification of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis in systemic sclerosis using an open-source dicom viewer software (OSIRIX)
Authors: M. Carotti, A. Ariani, M. Gutierrez, C. Pareo, E. Cimarelli, L. Bartolucci, S. Subiaco, W. Grassi, G.M. Giuseppetti, F. Salaffi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a frequent manifestation in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The severity of lung involvement may vary considerably depending on the underlying disease and it can be often the cause of death of these patients (1). Currently chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is considered the "gold-standard" for the diagnosis and disease activity monitoring of IPF (2). The recent availability of open sources DICOM viewer softwares such as OsiriX (3) opens up a new research area for the rheumatologist to assess the IPF. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the correlation between a open source (OsiriX) software and HRCT findings in the assessment of IPF in patients with SSc. <h3>Methods</h3> Sixty two patients with diagnosis of SSc were enrolled. All patients showed an IPF at HRCT which has been interpreted by two expert radiologist. Spirometric pulmonary function tests and DLco were also performed. Both radiologist indipendently performed an analysis of the HRCT findings of all patients in order to score the IPF. Successively they reached an agreement by a discussion to obtain a consensus for a single score. Afterwards, an experienced OsiriX user rheumatologist, independently and blinded to radiologists' scoring, quantified the overall extent of IPF in all patients using Osirix, which is a multidimensional DICOM viewer software designed to display, interpret and analyze large sets of multidimensional and multimodality images with many tools that allow the user to perform post-processing algorithms. These results were compared with those obtained by the lectures of the radiologists. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 62 SSc patients were assessed. A highly significant correlation between radiologists' scoring and OsiriX HRCT quantitative assessment of IPF was found (p≤0.0001). In particular there was a significant correlation between quantitative evaluation and visual scoring stratified according to overall extension and fibrosis (both p≤0.0001). No correlation was found between quantitative assessment and DLco values (p=0.73). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results provide a new working hypothesis in favour of the utility of OsiriX in perfoming an objective IPF evaluation which could be very helpful in assessing and monitoring SSc patients. <h3>References</h3> Tyndall et al. Causes and risk factors for death in systemic sclerosis: a study from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) database. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69 (10):1809–15. Wells. High-resolution computed tomography and scleroderma lung disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2008; 47 (Suppl 5):v59-61. Rosset et al. OsiriX: an open-source software for navigating in multidimensional DICOM images. J Digit Imaging 2004;17 (3): 205-16. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ANTITHROMBOTIC MANAGEMENT PATTERNS AND IN-HOSPITAL OUTCOMES IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: AN INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVE FROM THE EPICOR ASIA STUDY
Authors: Yong Huo, Stephen W.L. Lee, Jitendra P.S. Sawhney, Hyo-Soo Kim, Rungroj Krittayaphong, Stuart J. Pocock, Vo T. Nhan, Chee Tang Chin, Jie Jiang, Ana Vega, Nobuya Hayashi, Tiong K. Ong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
P33 Serum total cortisol and plasma free cortisol response after low dose short synacthen test in stable cirrhosis
Authors: G. Fede, L. Spadaro, T. Tomaselli, G. Privitera, R. Scicali, P. Vasianopoulou, N. Martin, M. Thomas, F. Purrello, A. K. Burroughs
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) defined by low dose short synacthen test (LDSST) in stable cirrhosis is frequent using serum total cortisol (TC). However no published data exist on directly measured plasma free cortisol (FC) after LDSST. <h3>Aim</h3> We prospectively assessed adrenal insufficiency defined by LDSST in stable cirrhosis using TC and FC. <h3>Method</h3> Patients with stable cirrhosis without shock and/or sepsis were prospectively studied using the LDSST. AI was defined by a peak-TC &lt;494 mmol/l (Criterion 1) and a peak-FC &lt;33 nmol/l (Criterion 2) 30 min after injection of 1 μg of tetracosactrin (Synacthen). <h3>Results</h3> 78 consecutive patients with cirrhosis were studied (Viral: 16, Alcoholic: 41; other: 21). Basal TC (365±192 mmol/l) and peak TC (571±216 mmol/l) were significantly related to basal FC (26±24 nmol/l) and peak FC (53±34 nmol/l) respectively: for baseline values R=0.78, p&lt;0.001, and for peak values R=0.70, p&lt;0.05. Similar results were found considering only patients with hypoalbuminemia (albumin &lt;25 g/l, 7 patients): for basal value R=0.88, p&lt;0.001; for peak value R=0.89, p&lt;0.05. Prevalence of AI was 35% (27/78) using total cortisol (Criterion 1) and 28% (22/78) using free cortisol (Criterion 2). There was agreement between total cortisol (Criterion 1) and free cortisol (Criterion 2) in 63 tests, in 10 AI was diagnosed only according TC (Criterion 1), and in 5 only according FC (Criterion 2): κ-coefficient 0.56, p&lt;0.05. In the group with discordant tests patients had more advanced liver disease (Child score: 9.17±2.2 vs 7.66±1.9, p=0.03), lower basal TC (237±104 vs 395±196 mmol/l, p=0.03), and peak TC (464±121 vs 597±226 mmol/l, p=0.009). <h3>Conclusion</h3> AI defined by LDSST is frequent in stable patients with cirrhosis, using both total cortisol and free cortisol criteria. However in patients with more advanced liver disease and/or low total cortisol level, discrepancy exists between the rates of diagnosis of AI using the total and free cortisol criteria. Thus in these patients AI should be confirmed by free cortisol measurement.
Incidence of Circulating Antibody to Penicillin in Penicillin Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Alfred D. Heggie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE existence of circulating antibody to penicillin has been described,1 but its significance in clinical hypersensitivity to this antibiotic has not been defined. In the absence of reliable tests for the prediction and diagnosis of penicillin hypersensitivity, knowledge of the role of this antibody in clinical allergy becomes important. Accordingly, serum was studied from 62 persons showing allergic manifestations subsequent to the administration of benzathine penicillin for the prophylaxis of streptococcal infections. These subjects were members of a population of 16,000 naval recruits in training to whom penicillin was given because of a past high incidence of acute rheumatic fever . . .
The strengths of – and some of the challenges for – Bayesian models of cognition
Authors: Thomas L. Griffiths
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Bayesian Rationality (Oaksford &amp; Chater 2007) illustrates the strengths of Bayesian models of cognition: the systematicity of rational explanations, transparent assumptions about human learners, and combining structured symbolic representation with statistics. However, the book also highlights some of the challenges this approach faces: of providing psychological mechanisms, explaining the origins of the knowledge that guides human learning, and accounting for how people make genuinely new discoveries.
Parastomal Hemorrhage Demonstrated on a Red Blood Cell–Labeled Gastrointestinal Bleeding Site Study
Authors: Wonsick Choe, Yoon Seok Hur, Sungeun Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine* and Surgery,† Inha University Hospital, Incheon, South Korea Received for publication June 28, 2001. Revision accepted October 17, 2001. Supported by Inha University Research Funds, Incheon, South Korea. Correspondence: Yoon Seok Hur, Department of General Surgery, Inha University Hospital, Incheon 400–711 South Korea. E-mail: [email protected]
Preference for breast cancer risk reduction hormonal therapy in women age 50-69 years attending screening mammography.
Authors: SM Lupichuk, GR Currie, HE Bryant
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3100 Background: It is expected that tamoxifen, raloxifene and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) will become available for the indication of breast cancer prevention in postmenopausal women. It is unknown how women weigh the benefits and disadvantages of these drugs. The aim of this study was to elicit preferences, using a discrete choice experiment (DCE), for attributes of breast cancer risk reduction hormonal therapies amongst women age 50 – 69 years who attend screening mammography.&amp;#x2028; Methods: 500 potentially eligible women were randomly sampled from a screening mammography database (SMD). Women permitting contact from the investigators were invited to participate. Demographic and breast cancer risk factor data was collected from the SMD for participants and non-participants, and compared. The DCE was administered via a postal survey. The attributes and levels for the DCE are outlined in Table 1. A fractional factorial design and matched fold-over technique yielded 16 choice sets. Two dominant choice sets were added. For each choice set, respondents were asked to mark preference for Drug A, Drug B or Neither. The DCE was analyzed using conditional logistic regression (CLR). Regression post estimation calculations (RPECs) were used to predict chemoprevention uptake.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Results: 111 women agreed to be contacted by the investigators, 94 agreed to be sent a survey and 79 returned a completed questionnaire. The proportions of participants who were nulliparous or had a predicted 5-year breast cancer risk &amp;gt;1.66% were significantly higher than for non-participants (p&amp;lt;0.05). No differences were found for age, education or mammographic breast density. From the CLR, all attributes, except decreased risk bone fracture, had coefficients that were significantly different from zero (p&amp;lt;0.01) and of the expected sign. RPECs suggest that the uptake of tamoxifen, raloxifene and AIs would be 13%, 50% and 23% respectively, and that 14% would not consider chemoprevention.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusions: The most important attribute in women's selection of a prevention drug was breast cancer risk reduction. However, the following attributes were still important negative influences on choice: increased risk bone fracture &amp;gt; endometrial cancer &amp;gt; venous thromboembolic event &amp;gt;&amp;gt; cost. Raloxifene may be favoured if all three agents were available. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3100.
Abstract 3612: Potent preclinical anti-tumor activity of MGCD265, an orally active Met/VEGFR multitargeted kinase inhibitor in Phase II clinical development, in combination with an EGFR inhibitor
Authors: Marielle Fournel, Isabelle Dupont, Claire Bonfils, Marja Dubay, Hélène Ste-Croix, Carole Beaulieu, Normand Beaulieu, Christian Lemoyne, James Wang, Lubo Isakovic, Stephen Claridge, Oscar Saavedra, Franck Raeppel, Stephane Raeppel, Michael Mannion, Arkadii Vaisburg, Robert E. Martell, Jeffrey M. Besterman, Christiane R. Maroun
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract MGCD265 is an oral multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor in Phase II clinical development. MGCD265 targets the Met receptor tyrosine kinase and blocks Met activities which contribute to cancer development and progression such as cell proliferation, motility/invasion, angiogenesis and tumor cell survival. Although there is a large body of literature supporting Met activities as key to epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumorigenesis, it is now accepted that the coordination of Met signaling with other regulators is central to oncogenesis. Met engages in cross-talks with several membrane proteins including the EGFR. Met and EGFR are coexpressed on tumor cells and functionally cooperate to amplify activating signals. Moreover, in NSCLC, Met gene amplification or overexpression of HGF, has been identified as a major molecular mechanism through which tumors evade EGFR inhibition by specific inhibitors such as gefitinib and erlotinib. Taken together, these studies provide a compelling rationale for concomitantly inhibiting Met and EGFR. In the present study, we have analyzed the in vivo anti-tumor activity of MGCD265 in combination with an EGFR-specific inhibitor, erlotinib. We demonstrate that this combination achieves greater antitumor responses than treatment with either agent alone, in multiple xenografts including NSCLC models. This is observed in the absence of overt toxicity. Furthermore, the PK of MGCD265 and erlotinib was analyzed when the two agents were co-administered, and indicated that there are no drug-drug interactions. In addition, in a NSCLC xenograft model that expresses an EGFR mutant resistant to erlotinib (T790M), MGCD265 significantly improved the anti-tumor activity when combined with erlotinib. The mechanisms underlying efficient tumor growth inhibition by this combination are presently under investigation. Preliminary results suggest that in addition to downregulating Met activation, MGCD265 may modulate EGFR activation by inhibiting the expression of the EGFR ligands TGFα and EREG. These preclinical studies provide support for the clinical development of MGCD265 in combination with erlotinib. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3612.
Abstract 5651: p53-mediated apoptotic signaling overcomes the resistance to oncolytic adenovirus in human osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Joe Hasei, Tsuyoshi Sasaki, Hiroshi Tazawa, Yuuri Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Kunisada, Yasuo Urata, Toshifumi Ozaki, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Despite major advances in the treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas, about one fourth of the patients show a poor response to conventional therapy, resulting in subsequent recurrence and leading to a poor prognosis. Therefore, the development of a novel therapeutic strategy is required to cure patients with bone and soft tissue sarcomas. We previously developed an oncolytic adenovirus, OBP-301, in which human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene promoter drives viral E1 gene for replication. OBP-301 induces tumor-specific oncolytic cell death in a telomerase-dependent manner. Recently, we revealed that OBP-301 shows cytopathic activity in human bone and soft tissue sarcoma cells. However, some human osteosarcoma cells were less sensitive to cytopathic activity of OBP-301. To enhance the cytopathic activity of OBP-301, we recently developed a novel telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus, OBP-702, which expresses tumor suppressor p53 gene. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of OBP-702 in OBP-301-sensitive (OST, HOS and U2OS) and OBP-301-resistant (MNNG/HOS and SaOS-2) human osteosarcoma cells. We compared the antitumor effects of OBP-702 and OBP-301 using XTT assay. The 50% inhibiting dose (ID50) value of OBP-702 and OBP-301 for each cell was calculated using cell viability data obtained on day 5 after virus infection. We further evaluated the expression of p53, p21 and cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) proteins using western blot analysis in both OBP-301-sensitive and OBP-301-resistant osteosarcoma cells after infection with OBP-702 or Ad-p53, which is a p53-expressing replication-defective adenovirus. OBP-702 showed more cytopathic activity compared to OBP-301 in both OBP-301-sensitive and OBP-301-resistant osteosarcoma cells. The ID50 value of OBP-702 was lower than that of OBP-301 in all cell lines. OBP-702 induced not only oncolysis, but also apoptotic cell death with the cleavage of PARP. OBP-702 infection induced more profound p53 expression than Ad-p53. However, p53-downstream target p21 proteins were not activated by OBP-702. Taken together, we demonstrated that the p53-expressing oncolytic adenovirus OBP-702 has a much stronger antitumor effect than OBP-301 in human osteosarcoma cells. Oncolytic adenovirus-mediated p53 gene transduction would induce profound apoptosis through p53 upregulation without p21 activation, resulting in the enhancement of antitumor effect by OBP-301. OBP-702 would be a promising antitumor reagent for the treatment of OBP-301-resistant human osteosarcoma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5651. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5651
Multicentre, Observational, Chilean Trial of Patients with Colorectal Cancer Stage III and IV: Escorrecto Gocchi 2008-01
Authors: Luis Villanueva, De la Fuente Hernan, Monica Ahumada, Bernardita Cardemil, Jeanette Rosas, Hernan Araya, Cecilia Hales, Eva Madrid, Ivan Roa, Luis Orlandi, Jorge Gallardo, Plinio Fernandez, Luis Cereceda, Bettina Müller
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)