tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Soundings: Speech that irritates
Authors: George Dunea
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Professors of medicine exposed to case presentations by generations of house officers might be forgiven if they eventually develop an aversion to certain overused expressions. Perhaps most annoying among these is the constant use of “multiple,” which has completely replaced the older English adjectives “few,” “several,” and “many.” In the context of a skimped medical history, “multiple operations” means more than one, less than 20, nobody knows, nobody bothered to ask, and nobody cares. Perhaps a profession that once spoke in Latin retains a need to imbue its pronouncements with a certain degree of solemnity.

Also highly irritating is “basically,” such as in “he basically has diabetes and heart failure.” This attempt to encapsulate a complex problem in a few words is highly contagious and I find I must be constantly on guard against using it. But used repetitively it acts like Chinese water torture and gives rise to hitherto dormant homicidal impulses.

Other irritants are terms reminiscent of the Spanish Inquisition and suggesting that thumbscrews were applied during the anamnesis: “The patient denied haematuria” or “he admitted having epigastric pain.”

Better sentiments are expressed when a “patient deserves to have a liver biopsy,” a fine reward for an obedient, compliant patient. Or when “we elected to do a biopsy,” possibly with a two thirds majority.

Also troubling is “diagnosed with lupus,” what Jacques Barzun in Simple & Direct (Quill Press, 2001) calls “the nonsense that springs from with,” “an unidiomatic sleazy way of linking two statements that refuse to be more closely linked,” such as “married with three oldish children and a wife that preferred his absences.”

Then there is the overuse of statistical terms: “The patient was significantly weaker than yesterday.” But was a paired t test carried out? Pomposities: “a biopsy was performed.” Did the audience applaud? “The patient developed a cough and presented with haemoptysis”—perhaps difficult to avoid.

Finally there is emergent—correct according to the dictionary, supposed to be different from urgent, with which it rhymes, but truly a distinction without a difference. Whenever I hear it, it conjures in my mind the image of something unpleasant emerging from the dark miasmic swamps of the underworld.
Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Cervical Spine
Authors: J Ball, J Sharp
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Soundings: Out of hours cover
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A long time ago, I sailed three or four of the seven seas in good company. Motives were mixed. I was a reservist and discontent with the NHS, the Royal Navy needed medical officers, and I needed time to write a novel. So I rang up a senior naval figure, the appointer, and asked for a ship going somewhere warm and coming back in time for the Edinburgh Festival.

He rang back minutes later, asking when the Edinburgh Festival started. I knew he had problems—even his Irishmen were leaving—and explained: usually towards the end of August. He seemed pleased: “I've got just the ship for you... Heading for Hong Kong... You'll love it.”

I did. I loved that ship, from stem to stern. And the people were even better. I set to and wrote a novel.

In mysterious ways the navy helped. A stores assistant brought me reams of paper and a lot of variously coloured pens. I worked away in black and white, and the supply officer helped too, reading my first efforts as a weekly serial and reporting on them each Friday over dinner.

The medicine was fun. In a community of 200 people in a ship 200 feet long, one gets to know one's patients. Skivers and chancers checked in early; those with real problems later on. By the time I had settled in—not far south of Gibraltar—proper medicine took up to 15 minutes a day. More would have been meddlesome.

Patients were empowered. For skin problems, the sailor and I would consult a large textbook just right for a ship's doctor—big pictures and not many words—and agree on a diagnosis, a treatment, and a follow-up appointment. It was as easy as matching wallpaper.

Serious cases took longer, but if there were doubts about diagnosis or prognosis they could be shared. And—best of all—out of hours cover was miraculously straightforward: if a patient did badly and did not get back to me, his messmates certainly would. No one died.

I worry about out of hours cover in today's NHS. Unscheduled care is a disempowering euphemism. Call-centre care is already problematical. Automated telephone trails (“If your baby has turned blue, press one...”) might further disappoint. We just don't know yet. But it was a great privilege—a long time ago and in fairly protected circumstances—to look after patients I knew.
EPT-05BRAFv600E INHIBITOR (VEMURAFENIB) IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS AFFECTED BY BRAFv600E MUTATED GLIOMAS
Authors: Francesca del Bufalo, Antonella Cacchione, Andrea Carai, Manila Antonelli, Felice Giangaspero, Elisabetta Ferretti, Giuseppina Catanzaro, Evelina Miele, Manuela Badiali, Benedetta Pettorini, Angela Mastronuzzi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
History and analysis of a leaderless group of professional therapists
Authors: W Hunt, A Issacharoff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors describe the experiences of a group of 11 psychiatrists and psychologists who met for 3 years with the initial purpose of providing peer supervision in group therapy. The group became a basic assumption dependency group in which all members had both realistic and magical expectations for help with their personal lives, and a resulting attempted transformation into a leaderless therapy group was a failure. The authors indicate that the experiences of this group illustrate some of the functions of group-leader interaction in allowing group and individual growth.
Survey on legislation regarding wet cooling systems in European countries
Authors: K D Ricketts, C Joseph, J Lee, G Wewalka
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Wet cooling systems are often associated with large outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease. Several European countries have legislation for registering such systems. The authors aimed to obtain an overview of the situation in Europe. A questionnaire survey was sent to 35 of the countries that collaborate in the European Working Group for Legionella Infections. In two countries it was passed to a regional level (to three regions in both Belgium and the United Kingdom), so that 39 countries or regions were sent the survey; 37 responded. Nine countries stated having legislation for the registration of wet cooling systems. Separate legislation exists at a regional level for two regions in Belgium and all three regions in the UK, giving a total of twelve countries/regions with legislation. In nine of these countries/regions, the legislation has been introduced since 2001. All of these countries/regions require periodic microbiological monitoring between twice a year and weekly; in nine, the legislation requires periodic inspection of the systems. Regulations for the registration of wet cooling systems should be required by public health authorities. During an outbreak of legionellosis, a register of wet cooling systems can speed up the investigation process considerably. The authors believe that the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) should take the initiative to propose European Community (EC) regulations for all Member States.
First experience of obtaining pancreatic tissue with a puncture biopsy forceps versus fine needle aspiration
Authors: Geke Litjens, Monica Marijnissen-van Zanten, Ilse van Engen-van Grunsven, Erwin-Jan van Geenen
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 36-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, steatorrhea, and weight loss of 8 kg. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed an enlarged pancreas with the characteristics of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Because of the suspicion of an autoimmune pancreatitis, she was scheduled for endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with a 19-gauge puncture biopsy forceps (PBF; MTW Endoskopie Manufaktur, Wesel, Germany) ([Fig. 1]) and conventional 22-gauge fine needle aspiration (FNA) needle (Cooke).
Alteration of Enzymatic Methylation of DNA Cytosines by Chemical Carcinogens: A Mechanism Involved in the Initiation of Carcinogenesis<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: Thomas L. J. Boehm, Dusan Drahovsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

On a compile des preuves experimentales suggerant que les cancerigenes chimiques peuvent provoquer des modifications hereditaires des types de methylation de l'ADN cellulaire. Puisque le processus de la methylation enzymatique de l'ADN a ete implique dans la regulation des genes, une perturbation des types de methylation peut provoquer une perturbation des programmes de l'expression des genes, conduisant finalement a un phenotype malin
Focusing on the Smaller Adverse Childhood Experiences
Authors: Dimitri A. Christakis
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
MB-13aCDc FINDS bFGF-INDUCED DISSEMINATION ANTAGONIZED BY TGF-beta IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA CELLS
Authors: Karthiga Santhana Kumar, Dimitra Tripolitsioti, Max Pillong, Jens Kunze, Gisbert Schneider, Tarek Shalaby, Michael Grotzer, Martin Baumgartner
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

MB-13. aCDc FINDS bFGF-INDUCED DISSEMINATION ANTAGONIZED BY TGF-beta IN MEDULLOBLASTOMA CELLS Karthiga Santhana Kumar1, Dimitra Tripolitsioti1, Max Pillong2, Jens Kunze2, Gisbert Schneider2, Tarek Shalaby1, Michael Grotzer1, and Martin Baumgartner1; Department of Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Chemistry and Applied Bioscience, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) is the leading cause of death in medulloblastoma (MB), the most prevalent pediatric brain tumour. Understanding the causative events of LMD will be essential for developing targeted anti-LMD therapies. MB research will greatly benefit from a tool that allows rapid identification and quantification of MB cell dissemination under different environmental conditions, including inside three-dimensional matrices. We have established automated cell dissemination counter (aCDc), which combines cell-based assays, automated microscopy for acquisition and software solutions for quantification of imaging data in a single platform for studying MB cell dissemination in high-throughput. aCDc is highly sensitiveand requiresa minimum of 500 cells per condition. It enabled the detection ofgrowth factor-dependent motilityanddisseminationofprimary tumourand patient-derived xenograft MB cells. We identified MB subgroup-specific pro-migratory responses to selected growth factors of excellent diagnostic value. To further reveal synergistic and antagonistic growth factor signalling in MB, we explored the effect of various combinations of growth factors on MB cell motility.We found thatTransforming Growth Factor – b (TGF-b) abrogated cell dissemination induced by the potent pro-migratory basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF). We ascertained that the distinctive TGF-b and bFGF cross talk in MB is mediated through Extracellular signalregulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and rho Kinase (ROCK). We are currently analysing the mediators of this antagonistic signalling to decipher their therapeutic potential for metastatic MB. Together, our data validate aCDc as a novel tool for the identification of promising targets for anti-metastatic therapy in MB. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii97–iii122, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now076.11 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Peer Review Guidelines: A Survey of Local Standards of Treatment
Authors: Donald G. Langsley, George I. Lebaron
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The Central California Psychiatric Society conducted a six-month survey of practice among its 200 members to develop data useful for establishing local norms as a basis of peer review guidelines. During the six-month period. 3.151 reports were received from 97 psychiatrists. The information was collected on a form that protects confidentiality but gives information about the patient, including diagnosis and total outpatient or inpatient treatment, The authors present examples of data gathered on treatment for four treatment categories. They suggest the desirability of other district branches accumulating data that will serve as a basis for developing local guidelines for standards of treatment.
Emphasis in Cancer Research
Authors: Steiner, Paul E.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article Emphasis in Cancer Research Get access Paul E. Steiner, Ph.D. Paul E. Steiner, Ph.D. Professor of Pathology The University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 6, June 1954, Pages 1205–1221, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.6.1205 Published: 01 June 1954 Article history Received: 15 January 1954 Published: 01 June 1954
LG-31SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF BRAINSTEM PILOMYXOID ASTROCYTOMA USING RECOMBINANT HUMAN ENDOSTATIN COMBINED WITH VINCRISTINE AND CARBOPLATIN: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Zhang Jun-Ping, Ge Jing-Jing, Li Cheng, Xue Feng-Jun, Gao Zhi-Meng
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

LG-31. SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF BRAINSTEM PILOMYXOID ASTROCYTOMA USING RECOMBINANT HUMAN ENDOSTATIN COMBINED WITH VINCRISTINE AND CARBOPLATIN: A CASE REPORT Zhang Jun-Ping, Ge Jing-Jing, Li Cheng, Xue Feng-Jun, and Gao Zhi-Meng; Department of Neuro-Oncology, Sanbo Brain Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Brainstem glioma of children, especially recurrent pilomyxoid astrocytoma with CNS spread is neuro-oncology challenge. Recombinant human endostatin (rh-ES), an inhibitor of angiogenesis and tumor growth, has been used for treatment of lung cancer, but no experience for pilocytic astrocytoma. Here we report a case of recurrent pilomyxoid astrocytoma that was successfully treated using rh-ES in combination with vincristine (VCR) and carboplatin (CBP). A 12-year-old girl experienced difficulty in walking, dysphagia, bucking and coughing episodes and was diagnosed with a recurrent pilomyxoid astrocytoma in the medulla oblongata, with spreading of supprasellar region, left cerebellar hemisphere and the myelon. She firstly was received chemotherapy with VCR and CBP once a week. Three weeks later, her tumor was progressed and her clinical status deteriorated. Then she was started on rh-ES once per day, on a schedule of two weeks on, two weeks off, in combination with VCR and CBP. Two months after starting with rh-ES treatment, the enhancing mass was decreased. Four months later, the girl experienced improvement in clinical symptomsandsignificant decreaseof tumor. This case suggests that rh-ES may strengthen the effect of VCR and CBP on recurrent pilomyxoid astrocytoma with CNS spread. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii78–iii96, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now075.31 #The Author(s) 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Neuro-Oncology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
EPI-01REVIEW OF CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TRAJECTORY OF PEDIATRIC PATIENTS (0-18 YEARS OF AGE) WITH A DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY BRAIN TUMOUR (BT) IN A PEDIATRIC TERTIARY CENTER
Authors: Jane Abou-Diab, Serge Gouin, Ismail Bouhout, Anne-Sophie Carret
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

INTRODUCTION: Recognition of BT remains a challenge among pediatric patients. Few studies have treated initial presentation, clinical evolution and healthcare system factors in the same cohort. OBJECTIVES: To determine the presentation patterns and health care trajectory of patients with primary BT. Compare presentation patterns between different age groups and different settings of diagnosis. METHOD: Through a retrospective chart review of patients ,18 yo diagnosed with primary BT by neuroimaging between 2003 and 2014. RESULTS: 288 patients were identified. Mean age at diagnosis: 7.44+0.29 years. 35% consulted only once prior to diagnosis. Mean time between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis: 147+19 days; or first consultation: 84+ 14 days. Most frequent symptoms/signs at onset and diagnosis were respectively: headache (44% vs 59%, p ,0.001), nausea/vomiting (31% vs 58%, p ,0.001), gait abnormalities (10% vs 32%, p ,0.001). 129 patients (45%) were diagnosed in an Emergency Department (ED), while 96 patients (33%) were diagnosed as outpatients. Symptoms/signs that differed for those diagnosed in ED were: headache (71% vs 42%, p ,0.001), nausea/vomiting (73 % vs32%,p,0.001), lethargy (26%vs9%,p 1⁄4 0.002).Clinical presentations of infants ,3 yo (20%) differed from other age groups. They presented mostly with lethargy(35%), irritability (33%),macrocephaly (26%).CONCLUSION: Headache is themostcommonpresentingsymptomofBT.Diagnosis ismost frequentlymade in theED.Thedelaybetween theonsetof symptomsanddiagnosis is up to five months, mostly after multiple consultations. Neuro-Oncology 18:iii40–iii41, 2016. doi:10.1093/neuonc/now071.1
Training supervision as a separate faculty role
Authors: J F Borus, J E Groves
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Training supervision is a longitudinal, nonclinically focused personal relationship between a faculty member and a resident for exploring the latter's professional development. In the authors' program the training supervisor meets with the supervisee monthly over the 3-year residency. The training supervisor's role is that of a nonevaluative senior colleague who orients and advises the resident and systematically reviews training progress and problems. The authors discuss the evolution of the training supervision concept, explore potential role conflicts for the training supervisor, who may serve other functions in the residency of the supervisee, and present positive and negative resident and faculty evaluations of their program.
EPN-13EPITHELIAL-TO-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITIONS IN CHILDHOOD EPENDYMOMAS MECHANISTICALLY LINKS ONCOGENIC C11orf95-RELA FUSION DRIVEN ACTIVATION OF SNAI1/SNAIL
Authors: Prit Benny Malgulwar, Pankaj Pathak, Bapu Koundinya Desiraju, Aruna Nambirajan, Chitra Sarkar, Vaishali Suri, Manmohan Singh, Mehar Chand Sharma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
National Obesity Forum report is flawed
Authors: Daan Kromhout
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Extensive existing evidence should guide policies to curb obesity and diabetes

The recent report from the United Kingdom’s National Obesity Forum and Public Health Collaboration called on people to “Eat fat, cut the carbs, and avoid snacking to reverse obesity and type 2 diabetes.”1 The report addresses the epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes and calls them today’s most important public health challenge. The roots of these epidemics are firmly embedded in diet and lifestyle. The report formulated 10 recommendations: four deal with fat, two with carbohydrates, and four with snacks, calories, physical activity, and nutrition education.

Some of the recommendations are sound: eating fat does not make you fat, we should stop counting calories, you cannot outrun a bad diet, snacking will make you fat, and evidence based nutrition should be incorporated in the education curriculums of all healthcare professionals.

Others are more controversial, including statements that “saturated fat does not cause heart disease and full fat dairy is likely protective,” that “processed foods …
FRIEDRICH GUSTAVE JACOB HENLE
Authors: J H TALBOTT
Journal: JAMA (1961)

If a contemporary investigator in the medical sciences is sufficiently talented and ultimately fortunate as to be credited with one major scientific contribution, this is a fair allotment. On the other hand, a century ago, the laboratory was so fertile a field for investigation that it was possible for a medical scientist to be accountable for divers discoveries of great significance, meanwhile living a well-rounded life as determined by interest and participation in the arts and humanities. Jacob Henle was such an individual. He was judged the greatest histologist of his day and one of the great anatomists of all eras.<sup>1</sup> Henle was born in 1809 of Jewish parents who renounced Judaism a decade later. The community of his birth was Fiirth near Nürnberg, Germany; the period, one of deep political unrest. Henle was richly endowed intellectually; his parents were eager to germinate his intellectual potentialities. Such an environment
Effect of Prolonged Administration of Spermicidal Contraceptives on Rats Kept on Low-Protein or on Full Diet&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Cornelia Hoch-Ligeti
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Effect of Prolonged Administration of Spermicidal Contraceptives on Rats Kept on Low-Protein or on Full Diet Get access Cornelia Hoch-Ligeti Cornelia Hoch-Ligeti Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Medical School, Charlottesville, Virginia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 5, May 1957, Pages 661–685, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.5.661 Published: 01 May 1957 Article history Received: 14 January 1957 Published: 01 May 1957
Antimicrobial stewardship across 47 South African hospitals: an implementation study
Authors: Adrian J Brink, Angeliki P Messina, Charles Feldman, Guy A Richards, Piet J Becker, Debra A Goff, Karri A Bauer, Dilip Nathwani, Dena van den Bergh
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)