tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Administration of Hot Water, Acids, Alkali, Mecholyl Chloride, or Atropine Sulfate upon the Gastric Mucosa of Mice
Authors: Helen M. Dyer, Margaret G. Kelly, Thelma B. Dunn
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1946)

Effect of Administration of Hot Water, Acids, Alkali, Mecholyl Chloride, or Atropine Sulfate upon the Gastric Mucosa of Mice Get access Helen M. Dyer, Helen M. Dyer biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret G. Kelly, Margaret G. Kelly assistant biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thelma B. Dunn Thelma B. Dunn research fellow in pathology National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 7, Issue 2, October 1946, Pages 67–70, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/7.2.67 Published: 01 October 1946 Article history Received: 23 August 1946 Published: 01 October 1946
Clinicopathological Study Of 12 Cases Of EBV-Associated Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder (PTLD) After Allogeneic SCT: A Single Institution Analysis Of 825 Transplants Including 572 Cord Blood Transplants In Toranomon Hospital
Authors: Daisuke Kaji, Yasunori Ota, Aya Nishida, Hisashi Yamamoto, Hikari Ota, Kazuya Ishiwata, Masanori Tsuji, Go Yamamoto, Yuki Asano-Mori, Naoyuki Uchida, Atsushi Wake, Koji Izutsu, Shuichi Taniguchi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Human herpes virus 8 (HHV8): Detection in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Venezuelan patients with human immunodeficienccy virus-1 (HIV-1) infection with/without Kaposi‘s sarcoma (KS)
Authors: D. E. Hernandez-Morales, J. Riera, J. Pinto, M. E. Marin, J. L. Lopez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21124 Background: The nucleic acid of HHV8 is present in the PBMCs of between 50% and 90% of KS patients,7% and 10% of HIV-1 infected patients without KS.We studied the prevalence of HHV8 in PBMCs from venezuelan patients with HIV-1 infection with/without KS. Methods: Seventy-six patients with HIV-1 infection without KS and 15 patients with KS associated with HIV-1 infection were included. Socioepidemiologic characteristics of HIV-1 infected patients were as follows: mean age (36 years, range 19–69 years); 79% of patients were male, 93% were heterosexuals, 9% were treated with antiherpetic drugs and 74% were on HAART; mean T-CD4 count was 362 cel/mm3. Socioepidemiologic characteristics of patients with KS associated with HIV-1 infection were as follows: mean age 39 years (range, 20- 69 years); 93% of patients were male, 87% were homosexuals, 93% belonged to a ‘high risk group‘, 7% were treated with antiherpetic drug and 80% were on HAART; mean T-CD4 count was 86 cel/mm3. PBMCs were isolated on a Fycoll Hypaque gradient and then stored at -70°C until processed. DNA was extracted from the samples by a standard phenol/chloroform extraction procedure.All DNA samples were confirmed to be amplifiable by PCR primers specific for a conserved region of the human beta-globin gen. Positive (DNA from KS biopsy) and negative controls were included. DNA was PCR amplified using the KS1 and KS2 primers specific for the HHV8 ORF 26. PCR reactions were considered positive only if the PCR products hybridized in the expected 233 bp region. Results: None of HIV-1 infected patients showed the presence of HHV8 in the PBMCs, and after a follow-up of two years, none has developed KS. HHV8 was detected in the PBMCs from 20 % of patients with KS. All patients belonged to a ‘high risk group‘, were male and homosexuals. None received blood transfusion. Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that the prevalence of HHV8 in PBMCs from venezuelan HIV-1 infected patients with/without KS is probably low in comparison with patiens from USA and Europe. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Soundings: Hello and goodbye
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1999)

As another batch of junior house officers ticks off the last few days to full registration and yet another brood of recently retired medical students assembles nervously to fill their places, I worry all over again about what the former have endured and what the latter are about to face.

I worry both as a current user of quite large numbers of house officers and as the survivor or the very different regime of 30 years ago. I claim no expertise, only a growing bewilderment at what we ask of our most junior colleagues.

The problem is easier to describe than to solve. The conflicting requirements of humane working hours, continuity of care, and a satisfactory breadth of early experience may be fundamentally irreconcilable.

Of course, house staff are no longer required to sleepwalk through the kind of twilit ordeals of exhaustion and risk on which we once prided ourselves. Good. Instead they spend far less time on call for far greater numbers of patients, most of them bewildering strangers.

But I worry, too, that even in daylight modern housemanship seems much more a matter of reacting or failing to react to events, crises, and reported abnormalities emerging apparently at random from a passing stream of sick strangers. Knowing the patients, in the sense of gaining a constructive experience of admitting, treating, and discharging real people with presentations, faces, worries, and families, too, may now be more or less impossible.

Yes, in their first year they will see many cases, events, and crises, but if they can assemble all that into a coherent body of clinical experience they will have done so despite rather than because of the way their work is organised.

There is fragmentation at a higher level, too, as over the years rotational attachments have grown in number and shrunk in duration. Doubtful or vulnerable trainees slide past, more likely to be handed on—perhaps with great relief—than supported. As with their patients, so with them: no overview, no sense of the shape of the case, and always the easy, risky possibility of not looking for problems.

So we begin again, welcoming the class of ’99, hoping somehow that things will be better for them, but knowing that it is all too likely that a year from now we will still go on rounds with junior staff of whom we may know little, trying to look after patients of whom they may know nothing at all.
Informed consent in voluntary mental hospital admissions
Authors: G B Olin, H S Olin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors studied the amount of understanding that 100 mental hospital patients had a voluntary admission application they signed upon entering the hospital. Only 8 patients were rated as being completely informed of terms of the contract at the time of admission; 15 of 33 patients reinterviewed about 10 days after admission showed increased understanding. Minimal differences were found between 81 state hospital patients and 19 private hospital patients. The finding that few voluntary patients are fully informed to give consent to hospitalization poses a dilemma because of the trend to give personal responsibility to the patient.
Sugar Content of the Tobacco and &lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;H of the Smoke in Relation to Lung Cancer Risks of Cigarette Smoking&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: L. A. Elson, Ph.D., D.Sc., T. E. Betts
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Journal Article Sugar Content of the Tobacco and pH of the Smoke in Relation to Lung Cancer Risks of Cigarette Smoking Get access L. A. Elson, Ph.D., D.Sc., L. A. Elson, Ph.D., D.Sc. L. I., Biol., Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. E. Betts T. E. Betts L. I., Biol., Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 48, Issue 6, June 1972, Pages 1885–1890, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/48.6.1885 Published: 01 June 1972
Treatment of Infectious Mononucleosis
Authors: A BEL
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Japan's Medical Care System
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Japan's medical care system, remarkably inexpensive by American standards, has nevertheless entered an era of economic stress and incremental change as a consequence of efforts to address its most serious challenges. These challenges include medical expenditures that are rising more rapidly than the cost of other goods and services; a growing number of new practicing physicians, which the government is seeking to reduce; a hospital length of stay that averages 39 days (including both acute and chronic care); and heavy prescription of pharmaceuticals by physicians who order and dispense drugs far more frequently than do doctors in most other countries. . . .
Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Cardiac ArrestT he heart pumps blood to all of the body' s organs.If the heart stops functioning (cardiac arrest), blood flow ceases, organs begin to shut down, and within a few minutes the person will die.If cardiac arrest can be detected and treated immediately, serious organ damage, brain damage, or death may be prevented.Cardiac arrest can occur in adults and children.It may happen suddenly in a person who was thought to be healthy.Community-based programs emphasizing activation of emergency medical services (calling 911 in most areas of North America), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and rapid defibrillation (correcting an abnormal heart rhythm with an electrical shock from a defibrillator) have raised public awareness about cardiac arrest and its treatment.However, cardiac arrest remains a major cause of death in all parts of the world.The January 4, 2006, issue of JAMA includes an article about the outcome of cardiac arrest in children and in adults.
AB0292 High Epstein-Barr Virus Load in Patients is not Associated with the Main Risk Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: M.A. Yazbek, S.H. Bonon, S. de Barros-Mazon, C.L. Rossi, A.C. Londe, R. Oliveira, L.T.L. Costallat, M.B. Bértolo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involves genetic, immunological and environmental factors. The main risk factors for RA are the presence of the shared epitope (SE) alleles, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (Anti-CCP) antibodies and smoking. The role of the virus is controversial and not fully understood. There is some evidence that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) load is increased in patients with RA, but it is still not elucidated if EBV is directly involved in the immunopathogenesis of RA or high EBV load in patients is due their defective immune control. Some basic research suggests that EBV could interact with SE alleles, anti-CCP antibodies or smoking, increasing the risk for RA. However there is no clinical studies proving an association between EBV and the main risk factors for RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of this study is to establish whether there are associations among EBV load, SE alleles, anti-CCP antibodies and smoking in Brazilian patients with RA. Secondary objectives include a comparative analysis of EBV load and the main risk factors for RA in patients and healthy controls. <h3>Methods</h3> In this case-control study, we included 140 Brazilian patients with RA and 143 healthy controls; matched for age, sex and ethnicity. We performed a clinical and laboratory characterization of the sample. Genotyping was performed to identify SE alleles, anti-CCP antibodies were examined by ELISA and smoking information was collected from all subjects. To quantify the viral load of EBV, we performed the quantitative method of polymerase chain reaction in real time (real-time PCR). <h3>Results</h3> The quantification of EBV load by real-time PCR proved to be significantly higher in patients than in controls (graph, p&lt;0.001). Comparative analysis among the groups also showed a significantly higher positivity for the alleles of SE, anti-CCP antibodies and smoking in patients (table). Association analysis showed that positivity of anti-CCP antibodies was higher in patients with SE alleles which are smoker or ex-smoker (p=0.038). However, there were no associations among EBV viral load and SE, anti-CCP antibodies or smoking status of patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although patients with RA have an increased EBV viral load, this study did not associate EBV load with the main risk factors for RA. We suggest that these findings may be due to a deficient control of EBV in patients with RA. Therefore, it is not possible to establish a direct causal relationship between EBV and RA, remaining controversial the role of this virus in RA pathogenesis. <h3>References</h3> Ollier W. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000; 59(7): 497-9. Goldstein BL et al. Autoimmunity. 2012; 45(2): 161-8. Ballandraud N et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2003; 48: 1223-8. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Management of patients in Germany with suspected viral haemorrhagic fever and other potentially lethal contagious infections
Authors: A Wirtz, M Niedrig, R Fock
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

Patients suffering from viral haemorrhagic fevers must be handled specifically. The clinical diagnosis of these diseases in the initial stage is difficult because early symptoms are non specific. In Germany, specific diagnosis is available at two diagnostic centres with biosafety level 4 facilities. Five high security infectious disease isolation units for patient care are available in Munich, Leipzig, Hamburg, Berlin, and Frankfurt. In addition, a corresponding number of centres of competence are established to offer support and advice to the hospitals initially treating the patients and to the local public health officers. The decentralisation of these centres of competence is recommended to allow for more timely and reactive responses to VHF epidemic threats.The risk categorisation for contacts has proved to be very useful in practice.
Doxorubicin combination chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma.
Authors: B N Bundy, G A Omura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.4.680 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3559658 Doxorubicin combination chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma. B N BundyxB N BundySearch for articles by this author , G A OmuraxG A OmuraSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.4.680 PDF "Doxorubicin combination chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(4), pp. 680–681© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Cost-effectiveness evaluation of three approaches to case management for homeless mentally ill clients
Authors: N Wolff, T W Helminiak, G A Morse, R J Calsyn, W D Klinkenberg, M L Trusty
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

In this study the authors compared the cost-effectiveness of three approaches to case management for individuals with severe mental illness who were at risk for homelessness: assertive community treatment alone, assertive community treatment with community workers, and brokered case management (purchase of services).Individuals were randomly assigned to the three treatment conditions and followed for 18 months. Eligibility requirements included a severe DSM-III axis I diagnosis, such as schizophrenia, and either current homelessness or risk for homelessness based on prior history of homelessness. Participants were recruited from the emergency rooms and inpatient units of local psychiatric hospitals. Data on 85 people were available for analyses: 28 in assertive community treatment alone, 35 in assertive community treatment with community workers, and 22 receiving brokered case management (purchase of services).Clients assigned to the two assertive community treatment conditions had more contact with their treatment programs, experienced greater reductions in psychiatric symptoms, and were more satisfied with their treatment than clients in the brokered condition. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment conditions in terms of the total costs of treating the participants. However, the assertive community treatment conditions spent less money on inpatient services than brokered case management, but more on case management services and maintenance (i.e., food stamps, housing subsidies, and Supplemental Security Income payments).Assertive community treatment has better client outcomes at no greater cost and is, therefore, more cost-effective than brokered case management.
MGMT methylation in newly-diagnosed glioblastoma multiforme (GBM): From the S0001 phase III study of radiation therapy (RT) and O6-benzylguanine, (O6BG) plus BCNU versus RT and BCNU alone for newly diagnosed GBM
Authors: D. T. Blumenthal, M. Wade, C. J. Rankin, F. Fitzpatrick, K. Stelzer, A. Sloan, W. Ackerley, E. J. Rushing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

1512 Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a high grade primary brain neoplasm associated with a median survival of less than a year. Historically, one-third of patients seem to benefit from treatment with alkylating chemotherapy. This minority may correspond to a population with decreased levels of active O 6 -methylguanine- methyltransferase enzyme (MGMT). MGMT repairs tumor DNA damaged by chemotherapy, allowing continued replication after exposure to treatment. Patients with low tumor MGMT activity may be more likely to respond to alkylating treatment. Hypermethylation of the MGMT promoter region leads to decreased transcription of the enzyme and is associated with improved outcome in GBM patients treated with radiation and alkylating chemotherapy. Methods: We studied a patient cohort with newly diagnosed GBM registered on Southwest Oncology Group protocol S0001, a phase III randomized, two arm clinical trial investigating an inhibitor of MGMT (O 6 -benzylguanine, O 6 BG). Both groups received standard radiation and BCNU (carmustine). The experimental group additionally received O 6 BG. We determined polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methylation status of the promoter region of MGMT in 88 patients with adequate tissue samples. In 41 cases, we were able to obtain successful PCR results. Results: 28 of 41 samples (68%) were found to be unmethylated and 13 of 41 (32%, 95% c. i. 18% to 50%) were methylated. Patients with methylated MGMT had a median survival of 12.6 months (95% c.i. of 7.8–15.8 months). Patients with unmethylated MGMT had a median survival of 10.6 months (95% c.i. of 8.7–12.0 months). Median progression-free survivals were 4.5 and 3.1 months respectively, for the methylated and unmethylated groups. Conclusions: This result is consistent with prior studies which showed that approximately two-thirds of patients express MGMT, and accordingly, are resistant to alkylating agents. The subgroup of patients without promoter methylation may be more likely to benefit from treatment with O 6 BG. Analysis of MGMT promoter methylation status per study treatment group, and correlation with median survival and progression-free survival will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P4-07-08: The prognostic significance of ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and p53 expression in breast cancer
Authors: KJ Suh, HS Ryu, K-H Lee, S-A Im, T-Y Kim, H Kim, Y Yang, H-G Moon, S-W Han, D-Y Oh, W Han, T-Y Kim, IA Park, D-Y Noh, Y-J Bang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) protein and p53 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with sporadic breast cancers. The expression of ATM and p53 was determined by immunohistochemistry in 420 surgically resected breast cancers. Loss of ATM was observed in 126 out of 407 evaluable cases (31.0%), and was significantly associated with aggressive features with large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, higher tumor grade, and negativity of ER and/or PR. ATM loss was associated with a significantly shorter disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.019). Abnormal p53 expression was found in 39.3% of tumors (157 out of 400), conferring a worse DFS as well (p = 0.002). When investigated together, combined ATM and p53 expression status were associated with a worse DFS (p = 0.002). On multivariate analysis, ATM loss and abnormal p53 expression status was an independent predictor of poorer DFS (intact ATM and normal p53 vs. ATM loss and abnormal p53, HR 3.350; 95% CI 1.496 - 7.502; p = 0.003). Furthermore, in patients treated with adjuvant anthracyclines, either p53 alone or p53 combined with ATM significantly influenced DFS (p = 0.004, p = 0.015, respectively). The present study demonstrates that expression of ATM and p53 is an independent prognostic marker in breast cancers, and might be a practical tool for predicting benefits from anthracycline-based adjuvant therapy. Citation Format: Suh KJ, Ryu HS, Lee K-H, Im S-A, Kim T-Y, Kim H, Yang Y, Moon H-G, Han S-W, Oh D-Y, Han W, Kim T-Y, Park IA, Noh D-Y, Bang Y-J. The prognostic significance of ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and p53 expression in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-07-08.