tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Discordance of Tc-99m PMT and Tc-99m GSA in Constitutional Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: EIJI OHTAKE, MAKOTO MASUMURA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 63-year-old man, in whom a diagnosis of constitutional hyperbilirubinemia had been made at the age of 36 years, underwent hepatobiliary scintigraphy using Tc-99m N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan (PMT) and hepatic receptor scintigraphy using Tc-99m galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA). Tc-99m PMT images showed poor uptake in the liver. Tc-99m GSA imaging showed uptake in the liver. At the time of these studies the total bilirubin was 6.7 mg/dl (normal, 0.2-1.0 mg/dl) with a direct fraction of 5.3 mg/dl (normal, 0-0.3 mg/dl). Compared to Tc-99m PMT, which is taken up in hepatocytes, Tc-99m GSA binds to asialoglycoprotein receptors in hepatocytes and is not influenced by bilirubin. Studies with both radiopharmaceuticals are considered to be useful in evaluating patients with hyperbilirubinemia.
Abnormal Lymphatic Flow Demonstrated by Lymphoscintigraphy in Chylothorax Correlation With Lymphography
Authors: KAZUYOSHI SUGA, NORIHIKO KUME, AKIKO HARA, GOUGI MIURA, NAOFUMI MATSUNAGA, KAZURO SUGI, KENSUKE ESATO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Lymphoscintigraphy may be useful to identify the lymphatic leakage site in some patients with chylothorax. A 60-year-old woman had lung cancer that was complicated by massive chylothorax after radical surgery. Dynamic lymphoscintigraphy after injection of Tc-99m HSA in both feet showed abnormal tracer accumulation in the subcarinal area of the mediastinum after visualizing the lower level of the thoracic duct, indicating a thoracic duct disruption in the inferior mediastinum. Scintigraphic findings were well correlated with lymphographic findings. Subsequent thoracoscopic ligation of the thoracic duct in the inferior mediastinum successfully terminated chyle leakage.
Comparative SPECT Findings of Tc-99m Depreotide, Tc-99m Tetrofosmin, and Tl-201 Chloride for Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: Wei-Jen Shih, Eric S Bensadoun, Edward Hirschowitz, Vickie Kieffer, Kelly Gross
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

SHIH, WEI-JEN M.D.; BENSADOUN, ERIC S. M.D.; HIRSCHOWITZ, EDWARD M.D.; KIEFFER, VICKIE C.N.M.T.; GROSS, KELLY C.N.M.T. Author Information
Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Georg M. Lauer, Bruce D. Walker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects an estimated 170 million persons worldwide and thus represents a viral pandemic, one that is five times as widespread as infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The institution of blood-screening measures in developed countries has decreased the risk of transfusion-associated hepatitis to a negligible level, but new cases continue to occur mainly as a result of injection-drug use and, to a lesser degree, through other means of percutaneous or mucous-membrane exposure. Progression to chronic disease occurs in the majority of HCV-infected persons, and infection with the virus has become the main indication . . .
Abstract 1094: Transcriptional activation by pRB/p107 and coordination with SWI/SNF
Authors: Stephen Flowers, George R. Beck, Elizabeth Moran
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The retinoblastoma susceptibility gene, Rb1, is closely linked with osteosarcoma as well as retinoblastoma. The basis of such ties between individual susceptibility genes and tumors of specific tissue origin is a central question in cancer biology. Functional analysis of pRB and the closely related family members, p107 and p130, has tended to focus on repression of proliferation, but genetic evidence from our lab and others indicates an active requirement for pRB in osteoblast differentiation that might relate more directly with osteosarcoma susceptibility. Our previous studies linked pRB with activation of the early osteoblast marker, alkaline phosphatase (the product of the Akp2 gene). Here we have investigated the functional relationships between pRB and the SWI/SNF complex in Akp2 activation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays reveal the Akp2 promoter is targeted directly by all three pRB family members. Only p130 occupies the promoter prior to induction, while pRB and p107 target Akp2 directly during activation, and concurrent with association of the global co-activator p300. Akp2 is also a direct target of SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes. These ATPase-powered complexes help orchestrate the programmatic shifts in gene expression necessary for progression from a self-renewing precursor state to a state of terminal differentiation. In osteoblasts, SWI/SNF complexes that repress osteogenic gene expression in order to maintain the precursor state are characterized by inclusion of the BRM ATPase. The alternative ATPase, BRG1, characterizes complexes that activate osteogenic genes during terminal differentiation. Thus, the onset of osteoblast differentiation is marked by a switch from BRM to BRG1 complexes on the Akp2 promoter. Our analysis shows that the BRM to BRG1 switch is accomplished in a precise two-step mechanism, with dissociation of BRM-containing SWI/SNF dependent on p300, and association of BRG1-containing SWI/SNF dependent on pRB/p107. Binding of RNA polymerase-II is dependent in turn on BRG1. Thus, in contrast to their widely studied role in cell cycle repression, pRB/p107 play a directly activating role in osteogenic gene expression, specifically in recruitment of the activating SWI/SNF complex. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1094.
The Health Care Industry: Where Is It Taking Us?
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

ELEVEN years ago, in  Annual Discourse presented before  Massachusetts Medical Society and later published in  Journal,1 I first addressed  issue of commercialism in medical care. Referring to what I called the new medical—industrial complex, I described a huge new industry that was supplying health care services for profit. It included proprietary hospitals and nursing homes, diagnostic laboratories, home care and emergency room services, renal hemodialysis units, and a wide variety of other medical services that had formerly been provided largely by public or private not-for-profit community-based institutions or by private physicians in their offices. The . . .
Abstract 474: Cx43 mutant mice show delayed formation of palpable mammary gland tumors but are more susceptible to lung lesions
Authors: Isabelle Plante, Kevin Barr, Micheal K.G. Stewart, Alisson Allan, Dale W. Laird
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gap junctional intercellular communication is essential for the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and tissues homeostasis. Gap junctions are composed of channels, formed by proteins called connexins (Cx). It has been proposed that connexins can act as tumor suppressors in a wide variety of tumor types. However, their role in breast cancer remains poorly understood. We previously showed that Gja1Jrt/+ (G60S) mice, harboring a G60S dominant-negative Cx43 mutation, have reduced levels of Cx43 in the mammary gland. This study aimed to determine if low levels of Cx43 render mice more susceptible to breast cancer and/or result in more aggressive tumors. G60S mice were crossbred with ErbB2 mice (or FVB control mice), that spontaneously develop mammary gland tumors. Similar to G60S mice, G60S-ErbB2 mice showed decreased Cx43 protein levels and fewer gap junction plaques, compared to control ErbB2 mice (WT-ErbB2). Mice were exposed to 5 weekly doses of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) starting at 7 weeks old and sacrificed when tumors reached approximately 1 cm3 or when mice showed signs of illness. Tumor onset and progression were evaluated by palpation every week. Surprisingly, while tumors were detected in 50% of WT-ErbB2 and WT-FVB mice by 32 and 36 weeks of age, respectively, only 14% of G60S-ErbB2 and 44% of G60S-FVB mice had palpable tumors by week 42, suggesting that low levels of Cx43 delay the onset of tumors. Tumor growth rates were similar in all groups, but while tumors from WT-ErbB2 and WT-FVB mice reached the threshold of 1 cm3, most Cx43 mutant mice started to show labored breathings around 40 weeks, independent of the presence of palpable tumors. Lung examination revealed the presence of lesions in 80% of WT-FVB and 69% WT-ErbB2 mice, compared to 100% for G60S-ErbB2 and G60S-FVB mice. Moreover, Cx43 mutant mice had an average of 20 visible lung lesions compared to only 6 for WT groups. Preliminary results showed that at least some of the mutant mice present signs of mammary gland hyperplasia, suggesting that low levels of Cx43 could potentially result in more aggressive hyperplasic breast cells that metastasize to the lungs. Future experiments will determine whether lesions are of lung or breast origin. Together, our results suggest that low levels of Cx43 delayed the presence of palpable tumors in mammary gland, but increased the number of lung lesions. Supported by the CBCRA, CIHR and FRSQ. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 474.
Predicting the long-term risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality after radical prostatectomy
Authors: A. J. Stephenson, E. A. Klein, M. W. Kattan, M. Han, A. W. Partin, P. C. Walsh, B. J. Trock, D. P. Wood, S. E. Eggener, J. A. Eastham, P. T. Scardino
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5007 Background: Nomograms that predict prostate-specific antigen (PSA) defined biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy are the most widely used prediction tools in oncology for treatment decision making and counseling. While BCR universally antedates prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM), it is a limited surrogate endpoint due to its variable natural history. Nomograms that accurately predict the risk of PCSM are needed. Methods: Using Fine and Gray competing risk regression analysis, the clinical data and follow-up information of 11,521 patients treated with radical prostatectomy at four academic centers from 1987 to 2005 were modeled to predict PCSM. The model was externally validated on 12,893 patients treated at a separate institution during the same period. Results: The 15-year PCSM and all-cause mortality was 7% and 33%, respectively. The 15-year PCSM for patients with final pathological Gleason score 2–6, 3+4, 4+3, and 8–10 was 1%, 7%, 8%, and 49%, respectively. By pathologic stage, the risks were 2%, 7%, 29%, and 23% for organ-confined, extraprostatic extension, seminal vesicle invasion, and lymph node-positive prostate cancer. Of 3756 patients with organ-confined and Gleason 2–6 cancer, only 1 (0.03%) died from prostate cancer. Primary and secondary Gleason grade (p &lt; 0.001 for both), seminal vesicle invasion (p &lt; 0.001), and year of surgery (p = 0.002) were significant predictors of PCSM. A nomogram predicting 15-year PCSM based on pathologic parameters was accurate and discriminating with an externally-validated concordance index of 0.92. Conclusions: A nomogram has been constructed that predicts the long-term risk of PCSM after radical prostatectomy based on the pathologic grade and stage of the cancer. The presence of poorly differentiated cancer and seminal vesicle invasion are the prime determinants of PCSM. Our study suggests that biomarkers may have limited empiric prognostic utility as PCSM can be accurately predicted once the pathologic features of prostate cancer are known. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
PT-01 * THE IMPACT OF INITIAL RADIATION IN INFANTS AND THE RE-IRRADIATION OF RECURRENT DISEASE ON THE SURVIVAL OF EPENDYMOMA PATIENTS AT THE HOSPITAL FOR SICK CHILDREN, TORONTO
Authors: J. Adamski, M. Taylor, U. Tabori, A. Huang, U. Bartels, V. Ramaswamy, R. Krishnatry, N. Laperriere, C. Hawkins, E. Bouffet
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Two significant changes in the management of ependymoma have taken place since 1990 at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto; the up-front irradiation of infants and the re-irradiation of recurrent disease. This study retrospectively reviews the impact of these changes on survival. METHODS: A retrospective case note analysis of children treated for ependymoma between 1990 and 2014 was undertaken. Survival was determined using the Kaplan Meier method. RESULTS: 76 ependymoma patients were identified with a median age of 4.58 years (0.42-17.6) including 31 infants < 3 years old (median age 1.51 years (0.42-2.97)). 45 (59.2%) were male and 31 (40.8%) were female. The majority (56 (73.7%)) were grade III histology and most (56 (73.7%)) were located within the posterior fossa. The median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was 41 months (95% CI 20.4-61.7) and 116 months (95% CI 63.5-169.4) respectively. 5 year PFS and OS were 43.3% and 59.3% respectively. 21 infants received up-front radiation and 10 received chemotherapy only. 5 year PFS and OS were significantly higher in irradiated compared to non-irradiated infants (PFS: 52.9% versus 0% (p = 0.000002), OS: 74.6% versus 30.0% (p = 0.004)). 38 patients recurred of which 26 were previously irradiated.19 patients received re-irradiation on recurrence whereas 7 did not. 5 year OS was significantly higher in the re-irradiated patients at 71.8% compared to 0% in the non re-irradiated patients (p = 0.00007). Both management strategies were consistently implemented from 2004. Patients treated pre (n = 34) and post (n = 42) 2004 showed a significant improvement in 5 year PFS from 33.4% to 53.3% (p = 0.037) and OS from 51.2% to 79.2% (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Both radiation of infants as the initial management of ependymoma and re-irradiation of recurrent ependymoma significantly improve survival. Implementing these treatment strategies has resulted in significant improvement in progression free and overall survival for ependymoma patients.
P239 Audit of once daily nebulised hypertonic 6% saline (HTS) in adult non-CF bronchiectasis
Authors: H. Pyne, B. Kane, B. R. O'Driscoll
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Background</h3> Nebulised hypertonic 7% saline enhances sputum clearance in patients with bronchiectasis and hypersecretion (Kellet F <i>et al</i> Med 2005; <b>99</b>:27–31) but is not licensed for this purpose. It is expensive to produce, has a short shelf life and is difficult to administer. Mucoclear<sup>®</sup> 6% saline does not have these disadvantages so we wished to evaluate its clinical benefits. <h3>Method</h3> Patients with troublesome bronchiectasis were invited for a nebulised 6% HTS challenge. If no adverse reaction occurred, they administered HTS daily for 2 months <h3>Results</h3> 60 patients were assessed over 18 months. Ten had bronchospasm after HTS, 9 did not wish to continue treatment and 41 reported an initial positive response and administered HTS once daily for 2 months. All 41 patients reported improved ease of sputum clearance with a median 3 point increase on a 10 unit Viausal Analogue Scale. 49% reported increase in sputum volume. 10 patients had baseline oxygen saturation ≤95% with ≥2% rise on HTS. 59% reported an increase in quality of life on Juniper mini asthma quality of life questionnaire (mean 0.6 unit rise overall and 1.0 for responders; rise of &gt;0.5 units is significant). Mean FEV<sub>1</sub> rose 9.5% (from 1.68 to 1.84 litres) and mean FVC rose 10.5% (from 2.48 to 2.74 litres). (Wilcoxon test p&lt;0.001). There was no change in spirometry for seven patients with normal baseline measurements but FEV<sub>1</sub> rose by 13% and FVC rose by 12% among 34 patients with abnormal lung function. All patients reported a noticeable improvement in their condition (12% reported “life changing improvement”). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite standard therapies some adults with bronchiectasis have persistent troublesome hypersecretion. Two thirds of our patients reported a significant improvement in symptoms using HTS and, for some, this was life changing. This suggests that Mucoclear<sup>®</sup> 6% hypertonic nebulised saline is a viable option but controlled trials are needed.
Development of a Dendrimeric Structure containing ole e 1 and CpG to Modulate an Allergic Response in an Experimental Model
Authors: A.B. Blazquez, A. Aranda, A. Mascaraque, M. Villalba, M.J. Torres, C. Mayorga, J. Rojo, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Mondor's Disease
Authors: Caroline W Munyi, Kelsey D J Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 4-year-old boy presented to a clinic in Nairobi with fever and watery diarrhea. He was pale and icteric, with severe acute malnutrition, and he had a row of painless, rubbery, mobile, subcutaneous nodules running from his left nipple to the central epigastric region.
Imprinted Genes Play Role, Change Rules, in Cancer
Authors: J. Corliss
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Imprinted Genes Play Role, Change Rules, in Cancer Get access Julie Corliss Julie Corliss Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 16, August 1993, Pages 1272–1274, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.16.1272 Published: 01 August 1993
M140 Effect Of Beta-blockade On Lung Function In A Population With Arterial Vascular Disease With And Without Copd
Authors: A. Key, M. West, M. Parry, F. Torella, S. Jack, N. Duffy, P. Walker
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients are frequently prescribed β-blockers for heart failure, ischaemic heart disease and peri-operatively, especially for vascular surgery. However, β-blockers remain under prescribed in patients with COPD despite epidemiological evidence indicating little negative impact. This reluctance to use β-blockers is due to concerns about increased airway hyper-responsiveness and bronchoconstriction. As part of a study of peri-operative β-blockade in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) we examined the effect of β-blockers on lung function. <h3>Methods</h3> We prospectively recruited 55 AAA patients with no selection bias for COPD or β-blocker use. Thirty eight patients successfully completed detailed lung function testing (PFT) measured by body plethysmography both on and off β-blockers. Subjects already taking β-blockers continued usual treatment while others were prescribed weight adjusted bisoprolol for 48 h. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age was 70 (5) years and 33 (77%) subjects were male. 16/38 (42%) were already taking beta-blockers and 5 people (15%) were diagnosed with COPD although 15 (39%) had COPD based on spirometry. Ten (26%) were current smokers and 19 (50%) ex-smokers. The lung function results are shown in the table. Beta-blockade had no significant impact on most lung function measures in both COPD and non-COPD subjects. Specific airways resistance (sRaw) was significantly higher when subjects were taking β-blockers but this effect did not differ between COPD and non-COPD subjects (Δ sRaw: whole group p = 0.004, COPD p = 0.025, non-COPD p = 0.031). <h3>Discussion</h3> β-blockers had little effect on static lung function including FEV1 and specific conductance. The small change in resistance was seen in subjects with and without COPD. In this population there appears to be no reason for not using a cardio-selective β-blocker both in this peri-operative setting and for cardiac indications.
THU0569 Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Exercise Therapy in People with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Time to Account for Therapeutic Validity?
Authors: T.J. Hoogeboom, C.M. Dopp, S. de Jong, N.L. van Meeteren, A.M. Chorus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <i>Arabidopsis</i> is an important model organism and the first plant with its genome sequenced. Knowledge from studying this species has either direct or indirect applications to agriculture and human health. Quantitative proteomics by data-independent acquisition (SWATH/DIA-MS) was recently developed and considered as a high-throughput targetedlike approach for accurate proteome quantitation. In this approach, a high-quality and comprehensive library is a prerequisite. Here, we generated a protein expression atlas of 10 organs of <i>Arabidopsis</i> and created a library consisting of 15,514 protein groups, 187,265 unique peptide sequences, and 278,278 precursors. The identified protein groups correspond to ~56.5% of the predicted proteome. Further proteogenomics analysis identified 28 novel proteins. We subsequently applied DIA-mass spectrometry using this library to quantify the effect of abscisic acid on <i>Arabidopsis.</i> We were able to recover 8,793 protein groups with 1,787 of them being differentially expressed which includes 65 proteins known to respond to abscisic acid stress. Mass spectrometry data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012710 for data-dependent acquisition and PXD014032 for DIA analyses.