tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P5-11-12: Correlation of Ki67 Expression between Initial Biopsy and Surgical Specimen in Untreated Breast Cancer Patients. Does Menstrual Cycle Matter?
Authors: D Torrejón, I Rubio, G Sanchez-Olle, V Peg, I Sansano, J Jimenez, P Gomez, la Peña L De, S Di Cosimo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The measure of proliferative index by Ki67 expression is being increasingly used to identify breast cancer subtype and to guide treatment decisions. Findings on initial tumor biopsy are in some cases, such as for primary systemic treatment, the only data available prior to treatment. In addition, results from window studies to develop novel anti-tumor agents depends on initial breast cancer biopsy findings. This study aims to compare the Ki67 expression on initial biopsy with matched primary breast cancer surgical specimens. In addtion, we aimed to explore the possible effect of hormonal levels — as reflected by menstrual cycle phase — on discordant Ki67 cases. Material and Methods: A total of 50 random cases were analyzed by 2 blinded pathologists. Ki67 expression was collected as a continuous variable. Tumors were then classified as high — or low-proliferative according to a Ki67 value of &amp;gt; or = 15% or &amp;lt; 15%, respectively. Sperman Rank test was used to study the correlation between initial and surgical biopsies. Data on menstrual cycle phase at the time of biopsy and surgery were retrived from medical history of all premenopausal patients. Results: Baseline patients characteristics are as follows: median age 48 (35-56 years), premenopausal 27 (54%), postmenopausal 23 (46%), invasive ductal carcinoma 38 (76%). A differential expression of Ki67 was found in 36 patients (72%), 20 pre- and 16 post-menopausal. Spearman's Rank Order correlation did not show any significant difference between biopsy and matched surgical specimen in terms of Ki67 expression. Indeed, there was a strong positive correlation between initial and surgical biopsy, which was statistically significant across all patients (rs = .556, P &amp;lt; 0.001), and regardless the menopausal status. However, 15% of pre-menopausal patients transformed from Ki67 low to high. Therefore, data on pre-menopausal patients were analyzed according to the phase of menstrual cycle at the timing of initial and surgical biopsies. The Spearman's Rank Order gave no correlation among 14 premenopausal patients with differential menstrual cycle phase at the timing of initial biopsy and surgery (rs = .411, P = 0.145). Conclusions: Initial breast cancer biopsy can be used with high confidence for Ki67 determination. However, it should be noted that menstrual cycle phase could affect Ki67 expression as women with distinct menstrual cycle phase at the time of initial biopsy and final surgery do not show concordant results. Prospective evaluation of Ki67 expression in premenopausal patients is being planned. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-12.
NON-INVASIVE FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE DERIVED FROM CORONARY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY: EXPERIENCES FROM REAL-WORLD CLINICAL PRACTICE
Authors: Sara Gaur, Jesper Jensen, Hans Erik Botker, Lars Christian Gormsen, Evald Christiansen, Anne Kaltoft, Jens Lassen, Bjarne Norgaard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Studies of the Effect of Antiarrhythmic Drugs on Carbohydrate Metabolism of Rat Heart Muscle in Vitro
Authors: MARILYN E. HESS, NIELS HAUGAARD
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

The effect of antiarrhythmic drugs on the oxidation of glucose by heart tissue was studied. Quinine and quinidine inhibited oxygen consumption and glucose utilization by rat heart slices and homogenates, while chloroquine and procaine amide had little effect.
A Critic's Assessment of Our Approach to Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Gust H. Bardy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

In this issue of the Journal, Weisfeldt et al.1 report that ventricular fibrillation is identified less frequently during sudden cardiac arrest in the home than in public places, even when the arrest is witnessed. The authors surmise that age and coexisting illnesses are responsible and that the location of sudden cardiac arrest may be a surrogate for underlying disease severity. In addition, poorer outcomes were observed with use of the automated external defibrillator (AED) in the home, as compared with public AED use. The authors conclude that perhaps AEDs should be reserved for public locations and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) . . .
Abstract 3455: Elafin is a candidate biomarker that underlies the similarities between basal-like breast cancer and ovarian cancer.
Authors: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Adam Clauss, Vivian Ng, Sekhar Duraisamy, Shridar Ganesan, Ronny Drapkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We recently reported that Elafin, a serine proteinase inhibitor encoded on chromosome 20q12-13.2, is overexpressed and secreted by High grade serous carcinoma of the ovary (HGS-OvCa) and is associated with poor overall survival and chemotherapy resistance. Here we show that Elafin confers a proliferative advantage to HGS-OvCa cells through activation of the MAP kinase pathway. Mutations in the anti-proteinase domain of Elafin did not interfere with its ability to stimulate cell growth. This mitogenic effect can be neutralized by RNA interference, specific antibodies targeting Elafin and small molecule inhibitor against MEK kinase. We also observed that IC50 to cisplatin and paclitaxel are significantly higher in OvCa cell lines (n=11) highly expressing Elafin. A phosphoproteome array among 20 cell lines derived from patient's ascites samples showed that expression of Elafin significantly correlates with increased expression of RAD50 and STAT5A, two proteins involved in platinum resistance. HGS-OvCa shared genomic features with basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) including frequent TP53 mutations, genomic instability, and poor prognosis. Thus, we looked at the expression of Elafin in BC. A meta-analysis of gene-expression profiling from 7 publicly available BC datasets including more than 1,300 tumors showed that Elafin is significantly highly expressed in BLBC compared to luminal and HER-2 subtypes and this observation has been confirmed by IHC on BC tumors (n=25) and on BC cell lines. Additionally, we observed that RNA interference against Elafin reduces proliferation of BLBC cell lines. Citation Format: Intidhar Labidi-Galy, Adam Clauss, Vivian Ng, Sekhar Duraisamy, Shridar Ganesan, Ronny Drapkin. Elafin is a candidate biomarker that underlies the similarities between basal-like breast cancer and ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3455. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3455
Let the media work for you, not against you
Authors: A. Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

There's a television crew in the hospital car park and they want to speak to you. Any doctor can be faced with the media at any time—there may be a case of meningitis in the primary school down the road, or your groans about the management of your local trust get picked up in the paper.

But dealing with the media can be more than crisis management and damage limitation. The key is to think positively and look at the media proactively—see them as an unrivalled opportunity to get information over to a large number of people.

The proliferation of radio stations and television channels provides ever more airtime to fill. Phone-ins and studio based magazine or chat shows with guest experts are cheap to produce, and health items are likely to appeal to a wide audience so why shouldn't your idea, your issue, your message fill that space?

If you ask a group of doctors which programmes could contain a health input they might mention that Eastenders could have a great effect if it contained a character who is disabled (or the issue which most concerns them). And they are right of course. …
The Enduring Animal Issue
Authors: L. Horton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Larry Horton"If I were to be honest, I suppose like most people here, and doubtless a good many people in the States, I have to face the fact that I simply shudder away from the subject of animal experiments.... On the other hand . . .leukaemia in children, for example, animals who suffer to save children from leukaemia, animals versus children-I just don't want to think about it." 1 Now that's not just anyone speaking.That's Jemima Shore-a sensible heroine created by author Antonia Fraser-pausing for a bit of reflection in a recently published mystery thriller about violent animal liberationists.Jemima's no pushover; she is a spunky, highly intelligent, independent-minded journalist.She instinctively knows that research with animals is important and worthwhile; yet she is decidedly uncomfortable with it.No doubt, Jemima will support research in the clinch.But don't expect her to be out in front, and don't count on her until the last moment.Jemima's difficulty reflects not only the general public's difficulty in addressing the issue itself but also the attitude of many scientists and supporters of science, including university presidents, legislators, and corporate leaders, in dealing with the public debate and its political expressions.They just don't want to think about it.They may find reassurance in concluding, as did a recent journalist, that the animal-rights controversy is basically just "a feeding frenzy by an issue-starved, headline-hunting media," fomented by fewer than 100 troublemakers, and on the way to burning
Barriers and opportunities for sexual health services for key populations in the Dominican Republic: provider, government, and community-leader perspectives
Authors: Angelina Gomes, Catherine Nicholas, Yeycy Donastorg, Martha Perez, Silvia Amesty, Rafael Perez-Figueroa, Stephen W Nicholas, Barbara S Taylor
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are an important health issue in developing countries. Key populations, including people living with HIV, men who have sex with men, trans women, transactional sex workers, pregnant adolescents, and migrants, are at high risk of STIs and have barriers to sexual health services. In this study, we aim to understand capacities and barriers to access for key populations in the Dominican Republic, and to identify opportunities to improve services.
Abstract 5597: Evaluation of functional genetic variants for breast cancer risk: Results from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study
Authors: Ben Zhang, Alicia Beeghly-Fadiel, Wei Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract In previous studies among 1,144 cases and 1,256 controls recruited in the Stage I Shanghai Breast Cancer Study (SBCS-I), 18 known or potentially functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 16 genes were found to be associated with breast cancer risk. The authors evaluated these associations among 1,918 cases and 1,819 controls recruited in the Stage II SBCS (SBCS-II) using genetic effect models and subgroup analyses pre-determined from SBCS-I results. Five SNPs showed generally consistent results in SBCS-I and SBCS-II and statistically significant associations with breast cancer risk in combined analyses (AHR rs2066853, ATM rs1003623, ESR1 rs2234693, GSTP1 rs1695, and SHBG rs6259), mostly in subgroups defined by age or menopausal status. Further, the relation between breast cancer risk and SHBG rs6259 was found to vary by body mass index (BMI) (P-value for interaction = 0.003). The strongest reduction in risk associated with SHBG rs6259 was found for postmenopausal lean (BMI&amp;lt;23) minor allele carriers (Odds Ratio=0.6; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.5, 0.8; P-value = 4.6×10−4). This biologically plausible and highly significant finding provides strong evidence for a true association among Asian women. This study also highlights the value of gene-environment interaction analyses in evaluating genetic factors for complex diseases. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; SBCS, Shanghai Breast Cancer Study; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5597. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5597
Abstract 4684: Vitamin D may impair glucocorticoid cytotoxicity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells
Authors: Reuben Antony, Xia Sheng, Rocky Pramanik, Ehsan A. Ehsanipour, Lars Klemm, Brian Ichihara, Pik Lam Ng, Steven D. Mittelman
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with increased incidence and mortality in several types of cancer. Vitamin D has been shown to be cytotoxic to cancer cells in vitro, and may act synergistically with chemotherapy to kill cancer cells. Although vitamin D deficiency is common in children with cancer, the clinical implications of this remain unclear. Since acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children and relapsed leukemia remains a major problem, the present study was designed to test our hypothesis that active Vitamin D (Calcitriol) would induce apoptosis in ALL cells and potentiate the effect of chemotherapy on ALL cells. We cultured several human ALL cell lines and primary human ALL cells with and without Calcitriol, and quantified survival using trypan blue exclusion. Contrary to our hypothesis, Calcitriol did not negatively affect the viability or impair proliferation in the human ALL cell lines RS4; 11, SD1, BV173, or RCH-ACV, or in primary human ALL cells US7 or TXL 2. We then tested whether Calcitriol would synergize with dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid used almost universally in the treatment of childhood ALL. Again, contrary to our hypothesis, we found that rather than augment dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity, supraphysiological doses of Calcitriol protected RS4;11 cells from the cytotoxic effect of 72 hour exposure to 100 nM dexamethasone (dexamethasone alone: 10±5% of initially plated cells viable; dexamethasone plus 300 nM Calcitriol: 27±14% of initially plated cells viable, n=4, p=0.04). More physiological doses of Calcitriol (10nM) showed similar protection (12.5±5% vs 31.5±19% of initially plated cells were viable at 72 hrs, n=4, p=0.05). Preliminary flow cytometry using Annexin/7AAD suggests that Calcitriol decreases dexamethasone-induced apoptosis in RS4;11 cells (dexamethasone alone: 94% of cells in apoptosis; dexamethasone plus 100 nM Calcitriol: 75% of cells in apoptosis, n=1) In summary, the active form of vitamin D appears to protect ALL cells from dexamethasone. This finding could be important, since glucocorticoid sensitivity of ALL cells is highly predictive of outcome and likelihood of relapse. Our findings could have major health implications given the high prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents worldwide. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4684. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4684
Abstract 4263: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediator, S100A4, in maintenance of head and neck cancer initiating cells
Authors: Cheng-Chia Yu, Shih-Hwa Chiou, Yau-Hua Yu, Jeng-Fan Lo
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Cancer initiating cells (CICs) represent a rare subpopulation of cells, which are responsible for tumor growth. Previously, we have identified and characterized the CICs from head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), termed head and neck cancer initiating cells (HN-CICs). HN-CICs possess both the hallmarks of stem cells and malignant tumor cells. Herein, we determined the critical role of S100A4, a common mediator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in maintenance of stemness properties and cancerous phenotypes in HN-CICs. Methods: Affymetrix microarray analysis was performed to identify S100A4 as a putative candidate on mediating the stemness properties of HN-CICs. Consequently, we elucidated the stemness properties and tumorigenicity of HN-CICs with S100A4 down-regulation or overexpression, respectively. Finally, immunohistochemical staining of S100A4 on HNSCC tumor tissues was examined. Results: S100A4 transcripts and protein level were found significantly up regulated in the enriched HN-CICs. Down-regulation of S100A4 significantly reduced the self-renewal ability and stemness properties in HNSCCs. In addition, knockdown of S100A4 lessened tumorigenicity of HNSCCs both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, over-expression of S100A4 enhanced the CSC properties in HNSCCs. Furthermore, expression of S100A4 was positively correlated with clinical grading, and survivals and recurrence, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001, 0.05 and 0.01) according to the immunohistochemical staining. Finally, depletion of endogenous S100A4 resulted in down-regulation of Notch2 and PI3K/pAKT and up-regulation of PTEN in HNSCCs. Conclusion: Our study reveals the crucial role of S100A4 signaling pathways in the maintenance of stemness properties and tumorigenicity of HN-CICs, and S100A4 might be a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC by eliminating HN-CICs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4263.
1237 COMPARISON OF IMMUNOGENICITY BETWEEN INACTIVATED AND LIVE ATTENUATED HEPATITIS A VACCINES: A DOUBLEBLIND, RANDOMIZED, PARALLEL-GROUP CLINICAL TRIAL AMONG CHILDREN IN XINJIANG UIGHUR AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA
Authors: X. Liu, F. Wushouer, A. Gou, M. Kuerban, X. Li, Y. Sun, J. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Li, H. Zhuang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Ectopic Parathyroid Adenomas Located at the Carotid Bifurcation
Authors: D Rubello, A Piotto, C Pagetta, M Pelizzo, D Casara
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Purpose The prevalence of ectopic parathyroid adenoma (PA) is relatively low, despite some studies in which it has been reported to be as high as 20%. Ectopic PA is a frequent cause of surgical failure, and therefore some authors recommend preoperative imaging to localize the condition in patients with primary hyperparathyroid (HPT) disease before initial surgery. Methods Two unusual cases of primary HPT caused by an ectopic PA located at the carotid bifurcation are reported. The patients were examined before operation using Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy and then underwent radioguided surgery using the intraoperative gamma probe technique with injection of a low dose (37 MBq; 1 mCi) of Tc-99m MIBI. Results The first patient had a history of primary HPT and coexisting multinodular goiter. She had undergone total thyroidectomy in another center, but no enlarged parathyroid gland was found at bilateral neck exploration and serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels remained elevated after intervention. The patient was referred to our center. A Tc-99m MIBI scan showed a focus of abnormal tracer uptake in the superior left laterocervical region that was thought to be a PA. The next day she underwent radioguided surgery and an 18-mm PA located at the left carotid bifurcation was easily removed through a 2.5-cm skin incision. The second patient was examined in our center before surgery. A neck ultrasound showed a multinodular goiter but no enlarged parathyroid glands. A pertechnectate–MIBI subtraction scan revealed a focus of abnormal Tc-99m MIBI uptake in the right superior laterocervical region that was thought to be a PA. One week later, at radioguided surgery, a 25-mm PA was identified at the right carotid bifurcation and removed successfully. Conclusions These data strongly support the utility of preoperative imaging with Tc-99m MIBI in patients with primary HPT before initial neck exploration with the aim of avoiding surgical failure. Furthermore, the intraoperative gamma probe technique seems to be useful to reduce surgical trauma and, possibly, complications in patients with ectopic PA.
PET IMAGING WITH C-11 THYMIDINE: DEVELOPMENT OF BIOCHEMICAL AND KINETIC MODELS.
Authors: A. F. Shields, M. M. Graham, H. I. Modell, T. K. Lewellen, J. R. Grierson, J. M. Link, K. A. Krohn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Shields, A. F.; Graham, M. M.; Modell, H. I.; Lewellen, T. K.; Grierson, J. R.; Link, J. M.; Krohn, K. A. Author Information
FRI0089 Early glucocorticosteroid response predicts the effect of dmards after 3 months of therapy
Authors: P.H.P. De Jong, R. Quax, M. Huisman, A. Gerards, R. Feelders, P. de Sonnaville, J. Luime, A. Weel, J. Hazes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The EULAR treatment guideline recommends rheumatologist to strive, in newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, for remission or at least low disease activity within 3 months in order to obtain better functional and radiological outcomes. Since it takes 6-12 weeks to see the optimal effect of DMARDs, the right choice of induction DMARD therapy plays an important role in obtaining current treatment goals. Therefore it would be helpful to be able to predict DMARD response in a very early phase in order to obtain current treatment goals. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate if a glucocorticoid (GC) response at 2 weeks, defined with EULAR response criteria, can predict active disease (DAS≥2.4) after 3 months of DMARD therapy. <h3>Methods</h3> For this study data of the tREACH study, an ongoing clinical trial that evaluates different induction therapies in early RA, were used. Patients are stratified into probability tertiles (respectively low, intermediate and high) according to their likelihood of progressing to persistent arthritis based of the prediction model of Visser. The Visser algorithm and 2010 criteria for RA have similar discriminative abilities to identify patients at risk of persistent arthritis at 1 year. All patients within the high probability stratum, who had a baseline DAS&gt;2.2 and a DAS assessment at 2 weeks after randomization, were included (n=120). In the high probability stratum patients were randomized into 3 induction therapy strategies: [A] Combination therapy (MTX 25 mg/wk + SASP 2 gr./day + HCQ 400 mg/day) with GCs im (Depomedrol 120mg), [B] Combination therapy with an oral GCs tapering scheme (starting dose 15 mg) and [C] MTX with oral GCs similar to B. <h3>Results</h3> GCs none-responders at 2 weeks have a 10.29 (95% CI;3.34 – 31.64) folded increase for active disease after 3 months of DMARD therapy compared to a GCs good-responder. If we stratify for induction therapy odds ratios (95% CI) were 4.2 (0.75 – 23.18); 10.7 (0.98 – 115.7) and infinite for respectively treatment arm [A], [B] and [C] (table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Determining GC response at 2 weeks is a useful tool for recognizing those patients who will probably have active disease (DAS≥2.4) after 3 months of DMARD therapy. <h3>Funding</h3> Unrestricted grant from Pfizer bv. [0881-102217] <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared