tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyperviscosity-Related Retinopathy in Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia
Authors: Woojin Kim, Euiyong Kweon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 60-year-old man presented with bilateral blurry vision. Fundoscopic examination revealed bilateral retinal vein dilation and tortuosity with retinal hemorrhages. Fluorescein angiography revealed retinal vein beading patterns with multiple aneurysmal changes and vessel wall staining.
Bone morphogenetic protein 10 (BMP-10) inhibits growth of breast cancer cells and correlates with poor prognosis.
Authors: L Ye, HG Kynaston, RE Mansel, WG Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4068 Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β superfamily and are known to be involved in the development of bone metastasis from solid tumours. Recent studies have shown that BMP-10 plays some critical roles during the fetal or postnatal development, particularly during the morphogenesis of heart. However, its role in cancer is largely unknown. The present study investigated the role of BMP-10 in breast cancer cells and pattern of expression in clinical breast cancers.&amp;#x2028; Methods: The expression of BMP-10 was examined in a cohort of human breast cancer specimen (normal, n=23; cancer, n=97), using both quantitative real time PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Levels of BMP-10 transcripts were correlated with clinical and pathological, together with clinical outcome information of the patients. A human BMP-10 expression construct was used to transfect breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, negative in BMP-10 expression). The expression of BMP-10 in the transfected cells was verified using RT-PCR and western blot. The effect of BMP-10 expression on growth of MDA-MB-231 cells was investigated using an in vitro growth assay.&amp;#x2028; Results: Immunohistochemical staining revealed a decreased protein expression of BMP-10 in breast cancer cells, compared with normal mammary epithelial cells. The quantitative real time PCR further demonstrated that low levels of the BMP-10 transcripts correlated to poor prognosis. Tumours form patients with good prognostic index (NPI&amp;lt;3.4) had significantly higher levels of BMP-10 transcripts, compared with those from poor prognostic index (NPI&amp;gt;5.4) (p=0.045). In addition, patients who died of breast cancer showed a significantly lower levels of the transcript compared with those who remained disease free (p=0.027). Mean disease free survival of the patients with higher level of BMP-10 was 132.8 (122.0-143.5, 95% CI) months, which was significantly longer compared to 93.7 (60.3-127.2) months of patients with lower level of BMP-10 expression, p=0.043 using Kaplan-Meirer survival analysis. An inhibitory effect on cell growth by over-expression of BMP-10 was seen in the breast cancer cells. The absorbance of MDA-MB-231 BMP-10 over-expressing (MDA-MB-231BMP-10exp) cells of Day 5 is 1.40±0.19, p&amp;lt;0.01 vs both MDA-MB-231 wild type (MDA-MB-231WT, 2.17±0.11) and empty vector control (MDA-MB-231pEF/His, 1.83±0.17).&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Taken together, BMP-10 can inhibit the cell growth of breast cancer cells. A decrease in BMP-10 expression correlates with poor prognosis of patients with breast cancer. BMP-10 may function as tumor suppressor in breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4068.
Abstract 4545: Anticancer activity of elesclomol correlates with low LDH levels and active mitochondrial respiration
Authors: Masazumi Nagai, Ronald K. Blackman, Patricia E. Rao, Yumiko Wada, Keizo Koya
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Elesclomol is a first-in-class investigational drug that exerts anticancer activity through the elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our previous studies revealed that elesclomol selectively chelates copper and generates ROS via reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I). In a Phase 3 trial in metastatic melanoma, the level of baseline lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in patients emerged as an important prognostic factor for treatment outcomes with elesclomol. Additional investigations were undertaken to evaluate the relation between elesclomol activity and LDH levels. Because the copper redox reactions necessary for elesclomol activity can be influenced by changes in cellular metabolic properties, we investigated whether elesclomol activity varies between normoxic conditions (active mitochondrial respiration, low LDH) and hypoxic conditions (decreased mitochondrial respiration, high LDH). To assess the influence of hypoxic conditions, we evaluated elesclomol activity under several situations in which cells express high levels of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α (HIF1α), a transcription factor that induces a complete set of glycolytic enzymes, including LDH, and switches off glycolytic carbon flow to mitochondria. First, an increase in the level of HIF1α protein was observed in M14 melanoma cells at low oxygen level or high cell density. Elesclomol showed decreased cytotoxicity under both of these conditions. Second, we evaluated lines within the same cancer phenotype but showing distinct levels of HIF1α, and found that the high-HIF1α-expressing Caki-2 renal cancer line was resistant to elesclomol, while lower-HIF1α-expressing renal cancer cell lines were sensitive to elesclomol. Third, we assessed HIF1α levels and elesclomol activity in cells treated with CoCl2, a chemical mimetic of hypoxia. High levels of HIF1α induction were present in M14 cells treated with CoCl2, and elesclomol was significantly less active in these cells. The addition of oxamate, which selectively inhibits LDHA and activates pyruvate entry into mitochondria, restored the activity of elesclomol in the CoCl2-treated cells. These results support the hypothesis that elesclomol is more active under normoxic conditions (low LDH) and less active under hypoxic conditions (high LDH), consistent with the clinical findings. The results may be important for identifying patient populations for future clinical development of elesclomol. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4545.
P375Ischemic postconditioning delays recovery of passive myocardial electrical properties independently of connexin 43 expression
Authors: A Rodriguez-Sinovas, E Diez, JA Sanchez, M Ruiz-Meana, D Garcia-Dorado
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Ventricular arrhythmias are a common clinical manifestation in patients with acute myocardial infarction submitted to coronary revascularizaton. Reperfusion arrhythmias have been associated with successful myocardial reperfusion during thrombolytic therapy, but they have been also suggested to be a marker of large infarct size and worse prognosis. Ischemic postconditioning (PostC) has been shown to reduce the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias. However, the mechanisms involved in the antiarrhythmic effects of ischemic PostC are not well known. The aims of this study were (1) to analyze the electrophysiologycal effects of ischemic PostC on passive myocardial electrical properties, as a surrogate of gap junctional communication, in isolated rat hearts, and (2) to assess the involvement of connexin 43 (Cx43) in these effects, using isolated hearts from wild-type mice and from mice devoid of connexin 43.
PWE-095 Role of restricted fluid therapy in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open colorectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomised controlled trials
Authors: M Sajid, N Ladwa, P Sains, M K Baig
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Sub-optimal fluid therapy during peri-operative time period may influence the postoperative mortality and morbidity. The aim of this article is to systematically review the randomised trials analysing the restricted fluid therapy (RFT) and non-restricted fluid therapy (NRFT) in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open colorectal surgery. <h3>Methods</h3> A simple model was applied to evaluate the various variables reported in the published randomised, controlled trials comparing the role of RFT and NRFT by the use of principles of meta-analysis. The primary outcome measure was postoperative morbidity. Secondary endpoints were mortality and hospital stay. A random effects model was applied. <h3>Results</h3> Seventeen randomised, controlled trials on 2165 patients were included. The incidence of postoperative morbidity (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.57 to 1.24; z=0.90; =0.37) and mortality (OR 0.93; 95% CI 0.47 to 1.84; z=0.20; =0.84) was statistically similar following the use of either RFT or NRFT. In addition, both techniques of fluid therapy were associated with similar length of hospital stay (standardised mean difference, −0.12; 95% CI −0.55 to 0.31; z=0.53; p=0.59). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This meta-analysis suggests that RFT in patients undergoing laparoscopic and open colorectal surgery does not offer any advantage over NRFT. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Spinal Epidural Lipomatosis in a Patient with the Ectopic Corticotropin Syndrome
Authors: Christian A. Koch, John L. Doppman, Joseph C. Watson, Nicholas J. Patronas, Lynnette K. Nieman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Socié et al. (July 1 issue) 1 reported on the long-term survival of patients who have undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and the rate of death more than two years after transplantation.They provided information on the characteristics and outcomes of longterm survivors after bone marrow transplantation, but the study was a retrospective survey in which data were collected by sending questionnaires to many institutions.We agree that a retrospective survey is a powerful method for collecting a large amount of information, but the results may be easily biased because it is difficult to collect complete data on the study population.If patients die suddenly or move to other hospitals, their records may be lost and thus excluded from the analysis.We were surprised that Socié et al. did not mention suicide as a cause of death among long-term survivors after bone marrow transplantation.The incidence of suicide is higher among such survivors than among healthy subjects. 2,3 Molassiotis and Morris reported that the incidence of suicide among patients who had undergone bone marrow transplantation was 2.5 to 3.0 percent three years after transplantation. 2 We would like to know whether the incidence of suicide among the patients in the study by Socié et al. was negligible, as we inferred from the article.
Cardiac Muscle Models
Authors: Gerald H. Pollack, Lee L. Huntsman, Pedro Verdugo
Journal: Circulation Research (1972)

Quick-stretch and quick-release experiments were performed on right ventricular cat papillary muscles to test the applicability of the Hill model to cardiac mechanics. Series elastic component (SEC) force-length curves were calculated from stretches and releases carried out at various times during the contractile cycle. At any SEC force, the SEC elastic modulus depended on the time during the contractile cycle at which it was measured. When measured at the same time and at the same SEC force, elastic moduli obtained by releases of less than 1% of muscle length differed from those obtained by corresponding stretches. Larger stretches, in fact, appeared to yield negative elastic moduli. Thus, a unique SEC modulus could not be identified at any level of SEC force. It is concluded that the concept of the SEC as a passive elasticity appears unsatisfactory and, as a consequence, that the quantitative validity of the Hill model for cardiac muscle is questionable. Moreover, since an anatomical counterpart of the SEC has not been identified, the Hill model also appears unsatisfactory from a structural point of view.
Recurrence after polypectomy for a pedunculated polyp with subtle invasion but no unfavorable histology
Authors: K. Togashi, Y. Ajioka, K. Koinuma, A. Lefor, Y. Miyakura, H. Horie, Y. Yasuda
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 42-year-old male patient presented with hematochezia. Colonoscopy revealed an approximately 3-cm pedunculated polyp with a long stalk, at 14 cm from the anal verge. The head of the polyp had a multi-lobular appearance but no ulceration. The stalk was thin and smooth ([Fig. 1 a]). The lesion was resected using standard polypectomy techniques and retrieved in its entirety. Histology showed that the cut end of the stalk was completely negative, and one of the four sections demonstrated subtle invasion into the submucosal layer of the head of the polyp ([Fig. 2 a]). Tumor cells in this area resembled a low-grade adenoma ([Fig. 2 b]). No lymphovascular invasion, no areas of poor differentiation, and no tumor budding were present. Additional surgery was not indicated, and the patient accepted this decision.
OPTIMISING SCREENING FOR OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION PRIOR TO ANTI-TNF THERAPY
Authors: C Judge, C DeGascun, D Keegan, K Byrne, H E Mulcahy, G Cullen, G A Doherty
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anti-TNF agents are highly effective for treatment of IBD but are associated with an increased risk of infection. ECCO consensus guidelines have defined screening measured which should be undertaken prior to commencing anti-TNF therapy. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> We evaluated how screening practices have changed in recent years, what gaps exist in our approach to screening and how frequently infection risks are identified. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective study of patients who commenced biologic therapy identified from a prospectively maintained database of &gt;3,000 patients with IBD attending a single centre over a 3 year period. <h3>Results</h3> n=225 patients were identified who commenced treatment with either infliximab (IFX, n=144) or adalimumab (ADA, n=81) for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease in a 3 years period from 2010 to 2012. 65% of patients had Crohn9s disease, 30% had ulcerative colitis and 5% had IBD-U, undetermined. The proportion of patient who had evidence of screening for Hepatitis B using surface antigen testing (HBsAg) increased significantly from 23% in 2010 to 82% in 2012. However, even in 2012, only 12.5% had antibodies to Hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAb) measured. No patient had a positive HBsAg but 1/13 patients tested had a positive HBcAb. The frequency of screening for latent TB using the quantiferon release assay (QFT) increased from 5% in 2010 to 74% in 2012. 1/64 (1.6%) of the QFT tests was positive resulting treatment for latent TB. One patient who had not undergone QFT testing developed active TB on IFX treatment. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study highlights significant improvements in screening for Hepatitis B and latent TB in patients commencing anti-TNF therapy. Screening for Hepatitis B should incorporate measurement of both HBsAg and HBcAb. Use of a customised request form for screening requests might be valuable in ensuring both assays are performed. The findings also highlights the utility of QFT as a screening test for latent TB.
A surprising complication of an intragastric balloon: a gastric volvulus
Authors: Pascale Mercky, Philippe Ah-Soune, David Bernardini
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 26-year-old woman attended the emergency department with severe vomiting and total anorexia for 1 week, which had caused severe hypokalemia (1.62 mmol/L) and extracellular dehydration. Her only relevant history was insertion of a saline-filled BioEnterics intragastric balloon (BIB, Santa Barbara, California, USA) at another center 6 months previously for obesity (body mass index [BMI] 30.5 kg/m2). Clinical examination showed tachycardia, which settled after potassium supplementation, and a palpable pelvic mass.
P02.04 * MICRORNA-MEDIATED DOWN-REGULATION OF NKG2D LIGAND EXPRESSION REDUCES GLIOMA CELL IMMUNOGENICITY
Authors: P. Codo, M. Weller, G. Meister, E. Szabo, A. Steinle, M. Wolter, G. Reifenberger, P. Roth
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma is a primary brain tumor with a dismal prognosis despite comprehensive therapeutic regimens. It is characterized by diffuse infiltration of the surrounding healthy brain tissue, well-adapted to hypoxic conditions and regarded as paradigmatic for tumor-associated immunosuppression. One of the major activating receptors of natural killer (NK) cells is NKG2D. It binds to at least 8 ligands (NKG2DL) which are induced after malignant transformation and cellular stress. Regulation of NKG2DL expression may be affected by endogenous RNA molecules known as microRNA (miRNA). Here, we aimed at characterizing the role of miRNA in the control of NKG2DL expression in glioma cells. We selected 6 miRNA that were described or predicted to target NKG2DL. Three of the miRNA candidates, miR-20a, miR-93 and miR-106b, were expressed in glioma cell lines and were also detected in glioblastoma tissue specimens. Silencing of these miRNA with locked nucleic acid (LNA) molecules resulted in an up-regulation of NKG2DL cell surface levels which translated into increased sensitivity to immune cell killing. This effect was reversed by neutralizing NKG2D antibodies, confirming that enhanced immune cell lysis upon miRNA silencing was mediated through the NKG2D system. We conclude that the expression of several miRNA may contribute to the immune escape of glioma cells at the level of the NKG2D system. Therapeutic targeting of miRNA that regulate NKG2DL levels may therefore represent a promising approach to allow for more potent immune responses against glioblastoma.
AB0181 Synovial fluid concentration of cartilage degradation products correlate with hexosaminidase activity in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Authors: S. Sierakowski, J. Popko, K. Zwierz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - an autoimmunological inflammatory joint disease and osteoarthritis (OA) inducing chronic degradation of articular cartilage, with a possible secondary inflammatory process, release the degradation products of extracellular matrix into synovial fluid. Released fragments of matrix molecules may be detected in joint fluid (SF), blood and urine. <h3>Objectives</h3> We studied correlation between the concentration of collagenes degradation products, sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and specific activity of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase (HEX) in synovial fluid of patients with RA and OA. <b>Material and methods:</b> The study was conducted in RA 20 patients, 13 females and 7 males (mean age 43±18 years, mean disease duration 10.3±5.2 years), OA 20 patients, 12 females and 8 males (mean age 56±26 years, mean disease duration 12.3±5.2 years) and matched 10 healthy persons (6 women, 4 men, mean age 42±19 years) with no history of injures or joint disease. SF samples were aspirated from the knee joints of patients during routine therapeutic procedures. The determinations in SF were determined by the methods: Komsa-Penkova et. al.(1996)-collagen; Farndale et. al.(1992)- sulfated GAGs; Marciniak et. al.(2004)- HEX activity. <h3>Results</h3> The concentration of the collagenes degradation products was significantly lower in SF of patients with OA (4.54±1.38 mg/ml) in comparison to RA (6.98±2.44 mg/ml). The concentration of GAGs in RA and OA was not significantly different. The specific activity of HEX in RA SF (26.67±11.5 μkat/kg of protein) was significantly higher in comparison to OA SF (5.33±3.28 μkat/kg of protein). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The SF concentration of the collagen degradation products and GAGs, positively correlate with HEX activity in RA and OA patients. The HEX activity in SF may be a marker of destruction the cartilage extracellular matrix. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P110 GENE EXPRESSION DURING HEPATOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION DRIVEN BY EPIGENETIC CHANGES: VIA PROMOTERS OR ENHANCERS?
Authors: J. Vanhove, M. Pistoni, M. Welters, K. Eggermont, V. Vanslembrouck, P. Collas, W. Voncken, C.M. Verfaillie
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abortion in France still under attack
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1995)

A series of contradictory decisions by French law makers has damaged the countrys 20-year-old abortion act. Last Friday a joint legal committee of the Senate and National Assembly ruled that people convicted of antiabortion activities would not be eligible for the traditional amnesty granted after presidential elections. Usually the amnesty is restricted to people who have committed minor offenses such as car drivers who have failed to pay parking and speeding fines but it does include a category for  It was this loophole that the Senate tried to exploit earlier this week by proposing that the National Assembly was wrong to exclude antiabortionists from the amnesty. The joint committee of the Senate and National Assembly defeated the proposed amendment by seven votes to four. France has also seen contradictions in the courts responses to antiabortion protestors. A Paris court acquitted protestors on the grounds that they were trying to protect a persons life while a court in Roanne gave a prison sentence to similar activists. The opposition to abortion in France largely comes from right wing parties. Recent polls show that 86% of French men and women are opposed to antiabortion protests in hospitals but that over 60% of them believe that womens rights to abortion are now threatened. (full text)
UTILIDAD DE LA PUNCIÓN ASPIRACIÓN CON AGUJA FINA GUIADA POR ECOENDOSCOPIA (USE-PAAF) EN EL ESTUDIO DE ADENOPATÍAS DE ORIGEN NO FILIADO
Authors: C Jimeno Ayllón, JI Pérez García, J Razquin Murillo, JJ Del Río Ignacio, R Martínez Fernández, CJ Gómez Ruiz, L Serrano Sánchez, AK Reyes Guevara, J García-Cano Lizcano, J Morillas Ariño, A Pérez Sola
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La USE permite el estudio ecográfico de las adenopatías pudiendo determinar su naturaleza benigna o maligna hasta en un 80% de los casos. No obstante, es necesaria la PAAF de las mismas para diagnosticar las patologías subyacentes que las ocasionan.