tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Urban and Transport Planning Related Exposures and Mortality: A Health Impact Assessment for Cities
Authors: Natalie Mueller, David Rojas-Rueda, Xavier Basagaña, Marta Cirach, Tom Cole-Hunter, Payam Dadvand, David Donaire-Gonzalez, Maria Foraster, Mireia Gascon, David Martinez, Cathryn Tonne, Margarita Triguero-Mas, Antònia Valentín, Mark Nieuwenhuijsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

By 2050, nearly 70% of the global population is projected to live in urban areas. Because the environments we inhabit affect our health, urban and transport designs that promote healthy living are needed.We estimated the number of premature deaths preventable under compliance with international exposure recommendations for physical activity (PA), air pollution, noise, heat, and access to green spaces.We developed and applied the Urban and TranspOrt Planning Health Impact Assessment (UTOPHIA) tool to Barcelona, Spain. Exposure estimates and mortality data were available for 1,357,361 residents. We compared recommended with current exposure levels. We quantified the associations between exposures and mortality and calculated population attributable fractions to estimate the number of premature deaths preventable. We also modeled life-expectancy and economic impacts.We estimated that annually, nearly 20% of mortality could be prevented if international recommendations for performance of PA; exposure to air pollution, noise, and heat; and access to green space were followed. Estimations showed that the greatest portion of preventable deaths was attributable to increases in PA, followed by reductions of exposure to air pollution, traffic noise, and heat. Access to green spaces had smaller effects on mortality. Compliance was estimated to increase the average life expectancy by 360 (95% CI: 219, 493) days and result in economic savings of 9.3 (95% CI: 4.9, 13.2) billion EUR/year.PA factors and environmental exposures can be modified by changes in urban and transport planning. We emphasize the need for a) the reduction of motorized traffic through the promotion of active and public transport and b) the provision of green infrastructure, both of which are suggested to provide opportunities for PA and for mitigation of air pollution, noise, and heat. Citation: Mueller N, Rojas-Rueda D, Basagaña X, Cirach M, Cole-Hunter T, Dadvand P, Donaire-Gonzalez D, Foraster M, Gascon M, Martinez D, Tonne C, Triguero-Mas M, Valentín A, Nieuwenhuijsen M. 2017. Urban and transport planning related exposures and mortality: a health impact assessment for cities. Environ Health Perspect 125:89-96; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP220.
THU0053 No Excess Mortality in A Population-Based Danish Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort from The Late Pre-Biologic Era: Table 1.
Authors: J.K. Pedersen, R. Holst, J. Primdahl, A.J. Svendsen, K. Hørslev-Petersen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) from hospital-based series have an increased mortality, in particular from cardiovascular diseases. Estimates of standardized mortality ratios (SMR) from population-based inception cohorts have been inconsistent and mortality in RA patients may be modified by treatment and preventive strategies. Furthermore, human senescence in the general population has been delayed since 1950.(1) We therefore wanted to investigate the all-cause SMR in a Danish population-based inception RA cohort from the late pre-biologic era seen at a regional hospital with documented focus on intention-to-treat (2, 3) and cardiovascular screening (4). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate SMR in an unselected inception cohort of Danish RA patients from 1995 to 2002. <h3>Methods</h3> The case base was the population of the County of South Jutland according to the Danish Civil Registration System (CVR). Incident RA cases were identified at the referral center for rheumatic diseases in the County where the observed completeness of registrations from the case base was 97%.(5) The registry was scrutinized for all RA patients fulfilling the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for RA from 1995 to 2002. Linkage of cases to CVR and the Danish Register of Causes of Death was based on unique personal identification numbers. Cases were followed from inclusion until emigration, death or end of follow-up (31.12.2013). Statistics Denmark provided mortality rates for the total Danish population from 1995 to 2013. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 509 cases were identified (Females 68%; mean age 61 years; rheumatoid factor positive 77%; erosive 23%). During 6079 person-years (py) of follow-up 200 (39%) patients had died (Females 32%; males 55%). The main causes of death are seen in table 1. There were no statistically significant differences in the causes of death according to sex (Chi-squared test=12.2, degrees of freedom: 7, p=0.092). The median follow-up time was 13 years and the average mortality rate 33/1000 py (Females 26/1000 py; males 50/1000 py). The overall SMR was 1.04 (95%&gt;confidence interval (CI): 0.91–1.19), in females 0.96 (95%&gt;CI: 0.79–1.43) and in males 1.16 (95%&gt;CI: 0.95–1.43). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this population-based study there were no significant excess mortality compared to the general population. The predominant causes of death were cardiovascular-, neoplastic- and pulmonary disease. <h3>References</h3> Vaupel JW. Nature 2010;464(7288):536–42. Hetland ML, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2006 May;54(5):1401–9. Hørslev-Petersen K, et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014 Apr;73(4):654–61. Primdahl J, el al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013 Nov;72(11):1771–6. Pedersen JK, et al. Rheumatol Int 2009;29(4):411–5. <h3>Acknowledgement</h3> Supported by the Region of Southern Denmark and the Danish Rheumatism Association. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Pre-Engraftment Syndrome After Myeloablative Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation: Risk Factors and How To Stratify
Authors: Zimin Sun, Maojing Guan, Huilan Liu, Liangquan Geng, Xingbing Wang, Changcheng Zheng, Juan Tong, Baolin Tang, Wen Yao
Journal: Blood (2013)
Play to learn, teach by play
Authors: Elisabetta Palagi, Roscoe Stanyon, Elisa Demuru
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract The synthesis provided by Kline in the target article is noteworthy, but ignores the inseparable role of play in the evolution of learning and teaching in both humans and other animals. Play is distinguished and advantaged by its positive feedback reinforcement through pleasure. Play, especially between adults and infants, is probably the platform from which human learning and teaching evolved.
Prediagnostic Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Pancreatic Cancer Survival
Authors: Chen Yuan, Zhi Rong Qian, Ana Babic, Vicente Morales-Oyarvide, Douglas A. Rubinson, Peter Kraft, Kimmie Ng, Ying Bao, Edward L. Giovannucci, Shuji Ogino, Meir J. Stampfer, John Michael Gaziano, Howard D. Sesso, Julie E. Buring, Barbara B. Cochrane, Rowan T. Chlebowski, Linda G. Snetselaar, JoAnn E. Manson, Charles S. Fuchs, Brian M. Wolpin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Although vitamin D inhibits pancreatic cancer proliferation in laboratory models, the association of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with patient survival is largely unexplored. Patients and Methods We analyzed survival among 493 patients from five prospective US cohorts who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from 1984 to 2008. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) for death by plasma level of 25(OH)D (insufficient, &lt; 20 ng/mL; relative insufficiency, 20 to &lt; 30 ng/mL; sufficient ≥ 30 ng/mL) by using Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age, cohort, race and ethnicity, smoking, diagnosis year, stage, and blood collection month. We also evaluated 30 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor gene, requiring P &lt; .002 (0.05 divided by 30 genotyped variants) for statistical significance. Results Mean prediagnostic plasma level of 25(OH)D was 24.6 ng/mL, and 165 patients (33%) were vitamin D insufficient. Compared with patients with insufficient levels, multivariable-adjusted HRs for death were 0.79 (95% CI, 0.48 to 1.29) for patients with relative insufficiency and 0.66 (95% CI, 0.49 to 0.90) for patients with sufficient levels (P trend = .01). These results were unchanged after further adjustment for body mass index and history of diabetes (P trend = .02). The association was strongest among patients with blood collected within 5 years of diagnosis, with an HR of 0.58 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.98) comparing patients with sufficient to patients with insufficient 25(OH)D levels. No single-nucleotide polymorphism at the vitamin D receptor gene met our corrected significance threshold of P &lt; .002; rs7299460 was most strongly associated with survival (HR per minor allele, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.95; P = .01). Conclusion We observed longer overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer who had sufficient prediagnostic plasma levels of 25(OH)D.
The Learning Curve in Laparoscopic Major Hepatectomy
Authors: Susannah M. Cheek, David A. Geller
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Preparation of Emulsions and Suspensions Containing Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Lorenz, Egon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Journal Article Preparation of Emulsions and Suspensions Containing Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons Get access Egon Lorenz Egon Lorenz National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 2, October 1949, Pages 355–358, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.2.355 Published: 01 October 1949
Tissue hyperthermia: Progress in the United States and elsewhere as assessed by clinical trials and PubMed reporting.
Authors: Giuseppe Del Priore, Mark Hurwitz, Paul Stauffer, William Small
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e22172 Background: Hyperthermia (HT) is a level I intervention rarely used in the USA despite multiple positive clinical trials with radiation and chemotherapy. We sought to quantify interest in this underutilized therapeutic modality by measuring related clinical trials and publications over the past 30 years. Methods: HT was defined as any heating for cancer therapy that was not superficial, ie deep regional, deep focused, and interstitial, but not HIPEC, as searched on PubMed.gov and ClinicalTrials.gov as of 1/30/2015. Results: ClinicalTrials search terms
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Dementia Incidence
Authors: Tomoyuki Kawada
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Transcription Factors
Authors: Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

A fundamental component of the complex instructions for building and maintaining an organism is the regulation of gene expression. The rules governing gene transcription explain why neurons and osteoclasts have completely different forms and functions even though all the nucleated cells in a person contain the same DNA and thus the same genetic information. A neuron is neither an osteoclast nor a granulocyte because of the neuron-specific pattern of gene transcription it elaborates over time and in particular anatomical spaces. The regulation of gene expression comes into play in circumstances as wide-ranging as the maturation of antibody-secreting cells, the production . . .
Using Aptamer-Based Technology to Probe the Plasma Proteome for Cardiovascular Disease Prediction
Authors: Marc S. Sabatine
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase III randomized controlled study of daratumumab, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (DVd) versus bortezomib and dexamethasone (Vd) in patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM): CASTOR study.
Authors: Antonio Palumbo, Asher Alban Akmal Chanan-Khan, Katja Weisel, Ajay K. Nooka, Tamas Masszi, Meral Beksac, Ivan Spicka, Vania T.M. Hungria, María-Victoria Mateos, Tomer Martin Mark, Ming Qi, Jordan Mark Schecter, Himal Amin, Xiang Qin, William Deraedt, Tahamtan Ahmadi, Andrew Spencer, Pieter Sonneveld
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

LBA4 Background: Daratumumab (D), a human anti-CD38 IgGκ mAb, induces deep and durable responses with a favorable safety profile in RRMM pts. We report a pre-specified interim analysis of the first randomized controlled study of D (CASTOR; NCT02136134). Methods: Pts with ≥1 prior line of therapy were randomized (1:1) to 8 cycles (q3w) of bortezomib (V)/dexamethasone (d) (V: 1.3 mg/m 2 sc on Days 1, 4, 8, 11; d: 20 mg po on Days 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 9, 11, 12) ± D (16 mg/kg iv qw in Cycles 1-3, Day 1 of Cycles 4-8, then q4w until progression). Primary endpoint was PFS. Results: 498 pts (DVd, 251; Vd, 247) were randomized. Baseline demographics and disease characteristics were well balanced. Pts received a median of 2 prior lines of therapy (range 1-10). 66% received prior V; 76% received prior IMiD; 48% received prior PI and IMiD; 33% were IMiD-refractory; 32% were refractory to last line of prior therapy. With median follow-up of 7.4 months, D significantly improved median PFS (61% reduction in risk of progression) and TTP for DVd vs Vd (Table). D significantly increased ORR (83% vs 63%, P &lt;0.0001), and doubled rates of ≥VGPR (59% vs 29%, P &lt;0.0001), and ≥CR (19% vs 9%, P= 0.0012) for DVd vs Vd, respectively; median duration of response was NR vs 7.9 months, respectively. Most common (&gt;25%) AEs (DVd/Vd) were thrombocytopenia (59%/44%), peripheral sensory neuropathy (47%/ 38%), diarrhea (32%/22%) and anemia (26%/31%). Most common grade 3/4 AEs (&gt;10%) were thrombocytopenia (45%/33%), anemia (14%/16%), neutropenia (13%/4%). 7%/9% of pts discontinued due to a TEAE. D-associated infusion-related reactions (45% of pts) mostly occurred during the first infusion; most were grade 1/2 (grade 3/4, 9%/0%). Conclusions: D significantly improved PFS, TTP, and ORR in combination with Vd vs Vd alone. DVd doubled both VGPR and sCR/CR rates vs Vd alone. Safety of DVd is consistent with the known safety profile of D and Vd. The addition of D to Vd should be considered a new standard of care for RRMM pts currently receiving Vd alone. Clinical trial information: NCT02136134. [Table: see text]
Biochemical modulation: a modality that has come of therapeutic age.
Authors: C J Allegra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.10.1723 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 1919622 Biochemical modulation: a modality that has come of therapeutic age. C J AllegraxC J AllegraSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.10.1723 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Activating Mutation of STAT3 Protects Lymphocytes from Apoptosis and Leads to a Clinical Phenotype Resembling the Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
Authors: Schafiq Nabhani, Hagit Miskin, Cyrill Schipp, Dan Harlev, Shoshana Revel-Vilk, Michael Gombert, Sebastian Ginzel, Arndt Borkhardt, Polina Stepensky, Ute Fischer
Journal: Blood (2015)
Uremic Sex
Authors: L J Valenta, J C Zolman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is briefly discussed. Luteinizing hormone (LH) secretory response to GnRH in vitro was obtained even in calcium-free medium. It is concluded that calcium is not an absolute requirement for the GnRH-stimulated LH release. In the absence of calcium, however, there was no response of LH to nonspecific stimuli such as enhanced potassium concentration. It is proposed that GnRH receptor protein exists in allosteric forms with different binding activities and that molecular rearrangement of the protein may modifiy the properties of the plasma membrane enough to change its permeability to ionic environment and secretory products. Therefore, the receptor protein may have a regulatory role independent of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate system.
Objective Assessment of Adherence to Inhalers by Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Imran Sulaiman, Breda Cushen, Garrett Greene, Jansen Seheult, Dexter Seow, Fiona Rawat, Elaine MacHale, Matshediso Mokoka, Catherine Nora Moran, Aoife Sartini Bhreathnach, Philippa MacHale, Shahed Tappuni, Brenda Deering, Mandy Jackson, Hannah McCarthy, Lisa Mellon, Frank Doyle, Fiona Boland, Richard B. Reilly, Richard W. Costello
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Objective adherence to inhaled therapy by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been reported.To objectively quantify adherence to preventer Diskus inhaler therapy by patients with COPD with an electronic audio recording device (INCA).This was a prospective observational study. On discharge from hospital patients were given a salmeterol/fluticasone inhaler with an INCA device attached. Analysis of this audio quantified the frequency and proficiency of inhaler use.Patients with COPD (n = 244) were recruited. The mean age was 71 years, mean FEV1 was 1.3 L, and 59% had evidence of mild/moderate cognitive impairment. By combining time of use, interval between doses, and critical technique errors, thus incorporating both intentional and unintentional nonadherence, a measure "actual adherence" was calculated. Mean actual adherence was 22.6% of that expected if the doses were taken correctly and on time. Six percent had an actual adherence greater than 80%. Hierarchical clustering found three equally sized well-separated clusters corresponding to distinct patterns. Cluster 1 (34%) had low inhaler use and high error rates. Cluster 2 (25%) had high inhaler use and high error rates. Cluster 3 (36%) had overall good adherence. Poor lung function and comorbidities were predictive of poor technique, whereas age and cognition with poor lung function distinguished those with poor adherence and frequent errors in technique.These data may inform clinicians in understanding why a prescribed inhaler is not effective and to devise strategies to promote adherence in COPD.
Pretreatment neurotransmitter metabolite levels and response to tricyclic antidepressant drugs
Authors: J W Maas, S H Koslow, M M Katz, C L Bowden, R L Gibbons, P E Stokes, E Robins, J M Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Relationships between pretreatment neurotransmitter metabolite levels and response to imipramine and amitriptyline were studied in 104 depressed patients. Normal values for urinary norepinephrine and low values for urinary MHPG were associated with greater incidence of drug response in bipolar, but not unipolar, patients. For unipolar, but not bipolar, patients low CSF 5-HIAA and high urinary metanephrine values were associated with a greater incidence of drug response. These data indicate that the pretreatment functional state of catecholamine and serotonin systems is associated with type of response to drug treatment. The authors present hypotheses about the association of alterations in serotonin and norepinephrine systems and definable subtypes of depression.
P-217 Chemoradiotherapy with Image-Guided Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (IG-VMAT) and Image-Guided Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy (IG-IMRT) to treat Squamous Anal Cancer
Authors: S. Athmanathan, J. Worlding, P. Baragwanath, N. Williams, S. Manolopoulos, M. Brown, P. Correa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Thrombopoietin, but not erythropoietin, directly stimulates multilineage growth of primitive murine bone marrow progenitor cells in synergy with early acting cytokines: distinct interactions with the ligands for c-kit and FLT3
Authors: V Ramsfjell, OJ Borge, OP Veiby, J Cardier, MJ Jr Murphy, SD Lyman, S Lok, SE Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (1996)
Statin-Induced Anti-HMGCR-Associated Myopathy
Authors: Pari Basharat, Arash H. Lahouti, Julie J. Paik, Jemima Albayda, Iago Pinal-Fernandez, Tanmayee Bichile, Thomas E. Lloyd, Sonye K. Danoff, Livia Casciola-Rosen, Andrew L. Mammen, Lisa Christopher-Stine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)