tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mifepristone Suppresses Basal Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Down-regulating KLF5 Expression
Authors: Rong Liu, Peiguo Shi, Zhi Nie, Huichun Liang, Zhongmei Zhou, Wenlin Chen, Haijun Chen, Chao Dong, Runxiang Yang, Suling Liu, Ceshi Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently the most malignant subtype of breast cancers without effective targeted therapies.Mifepristone (MIF), a drug regularly used for abortion, has been reported to have anti-tumor activity in multiple hormone-dependent cancers, including luminal type breast cancers.In this study, we showed that MIF suppressed tumor growth of the TNBC cell lines and patient-derived xenografts in NOD-SCID mice.Furthermore, MIF reduced the TNBC cancer stem cell (CSC) population through down-regulating KLF5 expression, a stem cell transcription factor over-expressed in basal type TNBC and promoting cell proliferation, survival and stemness.Interestingly, MIF suppresses the expression of KLF5 through inducing the expression of miR-153.Consistently, miR-153 decreases CSC and miR-153 inhibitor rescued MIF-induced down-regulation of the KLF5 protein level and CSC ratio.Taken together, our findings suggest that MIF inhibits basal TNBC via the miR-153/KLF5 axis and MIF may be used for the treatment of TNBC.
Soundings: Fading away
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The photograph, head and shoulders of a young man in uniform, is passport sized, the features oddly familiar: aquiline and as yet unlined, but definitely him.

In the early 1960s he had lectured to us, giving us weekly clinical treats in an arid preclinical landscape, cheering us up by relating physiology to real patients. One was a woman dying of emphysema. After she was wheeled out he said, “What that poor woman needs is a lung transplant.” We shook our heads in scorn and disbelief.

Later I got to know him a little better. I had volunteered for one of his exercise metabolism experiments and walked prodigious distances in a fasting state. He took me to dinner that evening—“Have lots of those hors d'oeuvres. They're extremely calorific”—and a few terms afterwards gently bent the rules to get me into the physiology honours class.

During house jobs he popped up again, in the pub across the road with a half pint in his hand. He was oddly dressed—an old sports jacket with a pyjama top underneath. “I've just had a partial gastrectomy,” he explained. “Important to test the suture line.”

Many, many years later he broke a hip and became my patient. His ideas of rehabilitation were eccentric. He sat comfortably for weeks and weeks, puffing his pipe, and supping claret in the evenings. Then he got up and walked, and a few weeks later wrote to tell that, in his personal series of one, a hip fracture treated by a dynamic hip screw produced measurable year on year improvement in golfing ability—in the standardised conditions of the annual Edinburgh physicians versus surgeons fixture.

He aged slowly over a very long time, writing, editing, and playing golf. Once, on a rainy Saturday morning, I gave him a lift home from shopping. My son was in the car. They talked for a while, and when we got to his house the old man was thoughtful. He turned to my son, then about 8. “You're very lucky,” he said. “You won't have to fight in a war.”

The young man in uniform in the picture in the obituary pages a few weeks ago had to (Reginald Passmore, 9 October, p 1009). It marked him and a whole generation of doctors, now fading away, who emerged from the chaos and waste of global conflict to set up our NHS, restore our medical schools, and hand on a legacy of achievement and leadership that still enriches us. At the going down of the NHS, we will remember them.
A computerized diagnostic evaluation of a psychiatric problem
Authors: B Roberts
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors has developed a computerized system for diagnostic evaluation of a psychiatric problem on the Problem-Oriented Medical Information System (PROMIS). He evaluates the chief complaint of hyperactivity by the three-step process: 1) defining the problem, 2) considering causes that are common and easily reversible, and 3) considering other causes. Eleven physicians, including 6 psychiatrists, used this system. The psychiatrists thought the organization of the diagnostic evaluation was clinically sound and a useful training device. The nonpsychiatric physicians thought this diagnostic process was analogous to the diagnostic process for other medical problems.
Treatment of Human Tapeworm Infections with Yomesan
Authors: G J ABRAMS, H C SEFTEL, H J HEINZ
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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FRI0483 Do Dermatomyositis and Polymyositis Affect Different Thigh Muscle Groups? A Comparative MRI-Based Study: Table 1.
Authors: N. Pipitone, A. Notarnicola, G. Levrini, L. Spaggiari, A. Scardapane, F. Iannone, G. Lapadula, G. Zuccoli, C. Salvarani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> MRI is often used to assess muscle inflammation in myositis. Muscle edema on short tau inversion recovery (STIR) sequences is thought to represent active inflammation. Dermatomyositis (DM) and polymyositis (PM) affect very frequently thigh muscles. However, it is unknown whether DM and PM differ in the respective involvement of the various thigh muscle groups. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess which thigh muscle groups are preferentially affected by DM and PM, respectively <h3>Methods</h3> We analysed 72 patients from 2 Rheumatology centers, 31 with DM and 41 with PM diagnosed according to Bohan and Peter criteria. MRI edema (1= present, 0= absent) was assessed bilaterally on STIR sequences in 17 thigh/pelvic floor muscles. An MRI composite edema score (0-17) was calculated by adding the separate scores bilaterally and dividing them by two as described elsewhere (1). The (single measures) intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between the Radiologists involved was 0.78. Fisher9s exact test was used for comparison of binomial data. <h3>Results</h3> Age (years, mean ± SD) was similar in patients with DM (53±16) and PM (56±16). The F:M ratio was similar in DM (23/8) and PM (32/9). Disease duration (months, mean ± SD) was longer (20±31) in DM than in PM (52±68) (p=0.02). The frequency of the thigh muscle groups involved in DM and PM is shown in the Table below. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Compared with PM, DM affects more frequently some muscle groups. Posterior muscle groups appear to discriminate poorly between DM and PM. These findings may be useful for differential diagnostic purposes in patients with histological features of DM without the typical skin rash as well as to target physiotherapy on more frequently affected muscles. Larger studies are needed to confirm our preliminary findings. The last 2 authors share senior authorship. <h3>References</h3> Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012; 30:570-3. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Therapists' recognition of psychopathology: a model for quality review of psychotherapy
Authors: F Kass, A Skodol, P Buckley, E Charles
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

In this study 32 randomly selected psychiatric emergency room patients, who were in concurrent psychotherapy, completed the SCL-90 and a clinically oriented questionnaire. Their therapists independently rated the patients' degree of psychopathology on the nine SCL-90 symptom scales. Therapists were highly efficient in recognizing depression (94% of the cases) and anxiety (89%) but not psychotic (35%) and obsessive-complusive (16%) pathology. Variables significantly associated with the therapists' nonrecognition of psychopathology were the diagnosis of borderline, the patient's expression of inadequacy in comparison to the therapist, the patient's fear of offending the therapist, and the patient wanting but not receiving empathy from the therapist. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for peer review and further research.
OP0291 How Medication History and Average Disease Duration Modify Treatment Effect in Randomised Trials Using Targeted Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Meta-Epidemiological Study: Table 1.
Authors: A.W. Christensen, S. Tarp, D. Furst, A. Døssing, K. Amris, H. Bliddal, P. Taylor, R. Christensen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Randomised trials that have tested targeted therapies (targeted synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, tsDMARDs and biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, bDMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) vary in several of their trial and participant characteristics [1], but little is known about whether these characteristics influence the overall effect of the therapies in the reported trials. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine whether trial and participant characteristics modify the treatment response when testing the efficacy of targeted therapies (in contrast to comparator) for RA. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted a meta-epidemiological study of all trials testing a dosage of a targeted therapy approved by regulatory authorities for the treatment of RA. Included trials reported ACR20 data at months 3-6 and used an add-on design. Anakinra and open-label trials were not included. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated from the response rates and compared among the trial/participant characteristics of interest. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS v 9.3 (REML based models). Comparisons between strata are presented as the Ratio of Odds Ratios (ROR). <h3>Results</h3> Sixty-two trials (19,923 RA patients) were included in the primary analyses using ACR20 as the outcome (table 1). Overall, targeted therapies constituted an effective treatment (OR 3.96 95% confidence interval 3.41 to 4.60). The net benefit of targeted therapies was lower in trials including "DMARD-naïve" patients compared with both "DMARD inadequate responders" (ROR=0.45, 0.31 to 0.66) and "biologic inadequate responders" (0.50, 0.29 to 0.87) trials (test for interaction: p=0.0002). Longer disease duration of the trial population was also statistically significantly associated with a higher likelihood of responding to treatment (β=1.05, 1.00 to 1.11 OR9s per year). Analyses conducted using DAS28-remission as the outcome supported the above-mentioned findings. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Trial evidence suggests that using targeted therapies add the greatest net benefit in patients who are inadequate responders to previous DMARDs or biological agents, and trials including patients with longer disease duration. These findings justify that all RA patients should be exposed to DMARD treatment before introduction of a bDMARD is considered. <h3>References</h3> Rahman MU, Buchanan J, Doyle MK, et al. Changes in patient characteristics in anti-tumour necrosis factor clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis: results of an analysis of the literature over the past 16 years. Ann Rheum Dis 2011 Sep;70(9):1631-40. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study is supported financially by The Oak Foundation, Selsbjerg Holding and Region Hovedstadens Forskningsfond. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SAT0474 Mood Disorders and Employment Status in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: R. Fritolli, T.N. Amaral, A.P. del Rio, J.F. Marques-Neto, S. Appenzeller
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a diffuse connective tissue disease characterized by varying degrees of cutaneous and visceral fibrosis, presence of autoantibodies and vasculopathy. In addition to limitations and precautions in the everyday life of SSc patients, mood disorders are frequently observed. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine employment status in SSc and to determine the role of disease related features and mood disorders in its occurrence. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive SSc patients from the State University of Campinas were enrolled. An interview was performed with all patients inquiring years of education, employment status (at disease-onset and currently) and reasons for unemployment. Mood disorders were determined through Becks Depression and Anxiety Inventory in all participants. SSc patients were further clinically and laboratory assessed to determine organ involvement, autoantibody profile (anti-topoisomerase I, anticentromere, and anti-RNA polymerase III), disease activity (Valentine Activity Index) and disease severity (Medsger Severity Index). Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the likelihood of being unemployed, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, employment status at study entry, disease-related characteristics depression and anxiety. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and fifteen (101 females) SSc patients were included with a mean age of 50.85 years (SD=13.16). Anxiety was observed in 80 (69.69%) and depression in 43 (37.78%) SSc. At disease onset 85 (73.91%) were employed. During the disease course, work impairment was reported by 64 (66.7%) and main reasons were fatigue in 52 (81.3%), feeling sad in 40 (62.5%) and disease-related difficulties in 4 (6.3%). The number of employed SSc patients was reduced to 40 (40%) after a mean follow-up period of 10.9 (SD ±6.9) years. The main reason for unemployment stated was pain in 22 (49%), medical visits in 18 (40%) and low income in 4 (8.9%). Predictors for unemployment were depression [odds ratio (OR] 3.76, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.88-7.52], anxiety (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-4.3) and disease severity (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.1-7.6). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Unemployment is commonly observed during the disease course of SSc. Predictors for unemployment were mood disorders and disease severity. Mood disorders should routinely been screened in SSc patients due to its association with the risk of unemployment. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Electrolyte Studies in Heart Failure
Authors: LLOYD T. ISERI, ALBERT J. BOYLE, DOUGLAS E. CHANDLER, GORDON B. MYERS
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Muscle analyses for water, potassium, and chloride were made in 10 cardiac patients during and after congestive heart failure. The potassium content per unit of wet tissue during failure was 30.1 per cent less than that during compensation. The concentration of potassium in the intracellular water increased from 116 mEq. per liter to 151 mEq. per liter with compensation. Calculated extracellular water decreased, but no change in intracellular water per unit of tissue solids was found.
PTU-053 Small bowel ulcers on enteroscopy – where are the answers?
Authors: D Rattehalli, DS Sanders, ME McAlindon, K Drew, R Sidhu
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Small bowel ulcers are frequently reported on capsule endoscopy (CE) and double balloon enteroscopy (DBE). The aetiology is not always clear. Histology is useful in addition to clinical symptoms and blood parameters to aid diagnosis and further management. Enteroscopy allows both direct visualisation of the mucosa and histological sampling. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of DBE on management of patients with small bowel ulcers. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective review of DBE’s performed for suspected Crohn’s disease from 2006–2014 was carried out. Data was collected for demographics, clinical symptoms and blood parameters. Findings at DBE, histology and subsequent follow up were noted. <h3>Results</h3> In our series of 399 DBEs, 122 procedures were performed in 102 patients (male = 44; female = 58; mean age 46 (range 18–84)) for suspected Crohn’s disease (53 oral; 69 retrograde). Ninety percent (n = 92/102) of patients had a prior CE. Ten patients were unable to have CE due to a retained patency capsule or contraindications, however had abnormal radiology preceding DBE. Positive DBE findings were found in 56% of patients (n = 57; ulcers n = 47; stricture n = 8; abnormal mucosa n = 2). Forty percent of patients (n = 41/102) were eventually treated for Crohn’s disease. In 22 patients the histology was diagnostic (n = 7) or supportive (n = 15) for Crohn’s disease. Fifty-eight percent of patients with small bowel ulceration had non-diagnostic histology (normal n = 22; non-specific changes n = 11). Of the 33 patients with non-diagnostic histology, 58% (n = 19) were subsequently treated for presumed Crohn’s disease based on clinical symptoms, blood parameters and macroscopic findings on endoscopic investigations. Thirteen patients who were treated as Crohn’s disease had immunosuppressive therapy (azathioprine +/- anti-TNF or methotrexate). Eleven patients were empirically treated with steroids only and two patients were referred for surgery. The mean follow period for patients in the Yorkshire region was 29 months (range 1–104 months). The remainder of patients were treated for vasculitis (n = 1), latent TB (n = 1), functional symptoms (n = 4) and nsaid enteropathy (n = 3) in whom NSAIDs were discontinued. In 15% of patients no specific cause was found. Two patients were found to have carcinoid (n = 1) and follicular lymphoma (n = 1) on histology. <h3>Conclusion</h3> DBE has a useful place in clarifying the diagnosis in about half of patients with small bowel ulcers. Although histology can be non-diagnostic, the combination of the macroscopic appearance with clinical correlation is helpful in the diagnosis and management. Longer term follow up data would be useful. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Specimen retrieval method using a sliding overtube for large colorectal neoplasm following endoscopic submucosal dissection
Authors: Hisatomo Ikehara, Yutaka Saito, Toshio Uraoka, Takahisa Matsuda, Hiroto Miwa
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 76-year-old woman was referred to the National Cancer Center Hospital for treatment of a large laterally spreading tumor (granular-type) of the rectum ([Fig. 1 a]). The lesion was > 10 cm in diameter. There were no endoscopic findings suggesting submucosal invasion, and therefore endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was chosen as radical treatment. The ESD procedure was performed, and a en bloc resection was achieved ([Fig. 1 b, c]).
Quantification of corpus callosum and ventricles in schizophrenia with nuclear magnetic resonance imaging: a pilot study
Authors: A Rossi, P Stratta, M Gallucci, R Passariello, M Casacchia
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Twelve chronic schizophrenic patients and 12 normal control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The schizophrenic patients had a significantly smaller corpus callosum area and higher ventricle-brain ratio than the control subjects.
Maternal and fetal outcomes in oocyte donation pregnancies
Authors: Valeria Maria Savasi, Luca Mandia, Arianna Laoreti, Irene Cetin
Journal: Human Reproduction Update (2016)

Since the first successful use of donated oocytes in 1984, the number of oocyte donation cycles in Europe and the USA has dramatically increased. Consequently, there has been increasing interest in the impact of oocyte donation on maternal and fetal outcomes. The aim of this review was to summarize the literature regarding maternal and fetal outcomes from pregnancies conceived through oocyte donation. Identification of relevant publications was through research within the Embase Medline and PubMed databases, the Google-indexed scientific literature and periodic specialized magazines from the on-line Library Service of the University of Milan. Oocyte donation seems to be independently associated with a higher rate of pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia. An explanatory hypothesis is that an immunological maladaptation causes placenta-mediated disorders in oocyte donation pregnancies. The risks are even higher in twin pregnancies. Oocyte donation also seems to be associated with lower fetal birthweight. However, after adjusting for obstetric complications, most studies report less pronounced differences in birthweight or no dissimilarities. The incidence of cesarean section is increased without clear clinical indications. Oocyte donation pregnancies are associated with a higher rate of placental disorders of pregnancy, such as gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. The risk of poorer neonatal outcomes is increased in oocyte donation pregnancies compared to other in-vitro fertilization pregnancies. Poorer outcomes have been demonstrated especially for twin pregnancies and in association with previous chronic pathologies or the development of obstetrics complications.
Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the small bowel with colon metastasis
Authors: O. Villa Jiménez, H. Hernández Garcés, C. Ruenes Domech, O. Hano García, S. Quintero Cayola, J. Guerra Mesa, F. Pérez Triana, L. Wood Rodríguez
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 59-year-old man was admitted to the Institute of Gastroenterology with recurrent abdominal pain and weight loss. Colonoscopy revealed dark fecal content in the ileum (melena). A simple small-bowel follow-through was indicated, which showed the presence of a filling defect image in the jejunum, suggestive of a tumor in that location.
Sex-role ideology among practicing psychiatrists and psychiatric residents
Authors: P Leichner, R Kalin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors distributed a sex-role ideology questionnaire to practicing psychiatrists, psychiatric residents, university students, and groups of traditional and feminist women. Psychiatrists and psychiatric residents as a group were significantly more feminist in their ideology than university students and the traditional women's group but were less feminist than a group of feminist women. There were no differences between practicing psychiatrists and psychiatric residents. Overall, women were more feminist than men and increasing age was found to be associated with increasingly traditional ideology. These findings challenge the view that psychiatrists as a group have traditional views that make them part of a traditional medical power structure.