tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypervolemia Secondary to Grafted Granulosa-Cell Tumor&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Furth, J., Sobel, H.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1946)

Journal Article Hypervolemia Secondary to Grafted Granulosa-Cell Tumor Get access J. Furth, J. Furth professor of pathology Department of Pathology, Cornell University Medical College3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Sobel H. Sobel research fellow of the David, Josephine, and Winfield Baird Foundation Department of Pathology, Cornell University Medical College3 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 7, Issue 3, December 1946, Pages 103–113, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/7.3.103 Published: 01 December 1946 Article history Received: 14 September 1946 Published: 01 December 1946
European Perspectives
Authors: Stephen Westaby
Journal: Circulation (2007)

After hearing of Dr Denton Cooley's implantation of a totally artificial heart in July 1981, Dr Westaby travelled to Houston to meet the surgeon and see the device.Thus began his enduring interest in mechanical circulatory-support technology and his relationship with the centre.The Texas Heart Institute and the Oxford Centre collaborated with Robert Jarvik, MD, already widely known for his work on the development of artificial hearts, to introduce his miniaturised axial flow pump, the Jarvik 2000 left ventricular assist device (LVAD) (Figure 1).They are currently developing an even smaller device for infants and children.Dr Westaby says, "There are several thousand patients in the United Kingdom with New York Heart Association stage III/IV heart failure who suffer severely debilitating symptoms of fatigue and breathlessness, who would be suitable for LVAD treatment."These include patients with ischaemic heart disease or idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy who do not have comorbidities that would terminate their lives within 2 years; for these patients, an off-the-shelf solution could offer good quality of life."I see mechanical circulatory support not restricted to bridge to transplantation but offered as a widespread alternative to those without access to a donor heart," he says.
Similar extent of brain dysmorphology in severely ill women and men with schizophrenia
Authors: J Lauriello, A Hoff, M H Wieneke, H Blankfeld, W O Faustman, M Rosenbloom, S DeMent, E V Sullivan, K O Lim, A Pfefferbaum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether women with chronic, severe schizophrenia manifest a widespread deficit in cortical gray matter and ventricular enlargement similar to that seen in men with schizophrenia and whether this deficit is related to age at onset of illness, length of illness, or current illness severity.Method: Volumetric measures of head size, cortical gray matter, white matter and sulci, and lateral and third ventricles were obtained from magnetic resonance images of chronic inpatient schizophrenic women (N=19) and men (N=18) and healthy comparison women (N=19) and men (N=18).Sex and group differences were assessed by using a two-factor analysis of variance of brain measures.Age was entered as a covariate in assessments of associations between brain measures and age at onset and length of illness.Results: The schizophrenic patients as a group had less cortical gray matter but comparable white matter and significantly more lateral and third ventricular CSF than the comparison group.Compared to the combined groups of men, women, regardless of diagnosis, had smaller heads, less cortical gray and white matter, and less sulcal, lateral, and third ventricular CSF.There were no group-by-sex interactions, suggesting that in schizophrenia these aspects of gross volumetric morphology in male and female brains are affected equally.There was no relationship between cortical gray matter deficit or ventricular enlargements and age at symptom onset or length of illness in either men or women with schizophrenia, when variance due to age was accounted for statistically.Conclusions: The process that contributes to cortical gray matter deficit in schizophrenia appears to affect men and women to a similar extent.
PTU-227 Statins may modify colorectal anastomotic leak risk in high risk patients
Authors: CLF Battersby, P Green, V Vyapury, P Rooney, J Hunt
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Anastomotic leak is one of the most feared complications of colorectal surgery, as it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, need for a permanent stoma and recurrence of cancer. Statins are amongst the most commonly prescribed drugs in the developed world. Patients taking statins would be expected to have comorbidities associated with an increased risk of anastomotic leak. A small number of studies investigating the effect of statins upon anastomotic leak have yielded conflicting results. Statins are known to affect the inflammatory response, white cell function, endothelial function and angiogenesis, all of which are fundamental to tissue healing; therefore statins may influence anastomotic healing. We aimed to explore the link between statins and anastomotic leaks in our practice. <h3>Method</h3> A prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing surgery requiring primary anastomosis, for both benign and malignant disease, in a single-centre teaching hospital was created. Information was collected on patient demographics, medications, pre-operative blood results, ASA and post-operative course. Group comparisons were performed using Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's Exact test. <h3>Results</h3> 114 patients (64 male). Median age 66 years (Interquartile range 56–74 years). 6 (5%) patients had radiologically confirmed anastomotic leak. 45 (39.4%) patients were taking statins pre-operatively. Statins were not associated with reduced risk of anastomotic leak. Pre-operative eGFR (p = 0.018) and maximum 7-day CRP (p = 0.003) were significant predictors of anastomotic leak. ASA in patients on statins was significantly higher than patients not taking statins (p &lt; 0.001), however, there was no significant difference in ASA between patients who leaked and those who did not. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with comorbidities, reflected by higher ASA scores, are known to have an increased risk of colorectal anastomotic leak. In this cohort of patients, with a higher rate of statin use than the UK population, we have shown that although patients taking statins did not have a significantly reduced leak risk compared to non statin users, high risk patients taking statins had the same leak risk as non-high risk patients, therefore it is plausible that statins normalise the risk of anastomotic leak in high risk patients. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Singh PP, Srinivasa S, Bambarawana S, Lemanu DP, Kahokehr AA, Zargar-Shoshtari K, <i>et al</i>. Perioperative use of statins in elective colectomy. Dis Colon Rectum 2012;55(2):205–10 Bisgard AS, Noack MW, Klein M, Rosenberg J, Gogenur I. Perioperative statin therapy is not associated with reduced risk of anastomotic leakage after colorectal resection. Dis Colon Rectum 2013;56(8):980–6
Contract Practice and Ethics
Authors: J W Russey
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatoma-derived Growth Factor Predicts Disease Severity and Survival in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Jun Yang, Melanie K. Nies, Zongming Fu, Rachel Damico, Frederick K. Korley, Paul M. Hassoun, David D. Ivy, Eric D. Austin, Allen D. Everett
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease, and pulmonary microvascular remodeling is an important contributor to PAH development. Therefore, we hypothesized that a circulating angiogenic factor could predict disease severity and survival.We sought to assess the relationship of serum hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) with PAH disease severity and survival.Using a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we evaluated circulating HDGF levels in two independent PAH cohorts and two different characterized control cohorts. Clinical and laboratory data were also used to assess the value of HDGF as a PAH prognostic biomarker.Serum HDGF levels were significantly elevated in two independent PAH cohorts. Importantly, serum HDGF levels were not elevated in a noncardiac chronic disease cohort. Further, patients with elevated HDGF had significantly lower exercise tolerance, worse New York Heart Association functional class, and higher levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. HDGF was a strong predictor of mortality, with an unadjusted hazard ratio of 4.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.9-10.3; P = 0.003 by log-rank test). In multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, elevated HDGF levels predicted decreased survival after being adjusted for age, PAH subtype, invasive hemodynamics, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide.Elevated HDGF was associated with worse functional class, exertional intolerance, and increased mortality in PAH, suggesting HDGF as a potential biomarker for predicting mortality and as having possible diagnostic value for distinguishing PAH from non-PAH. HDGF may add additional value in PAH risk stratification in clinical trials and may represent a potential target for future PAH drug development.
Incipient Melanoma Brain Metastases Instigate Astrogliosis and Neuroinflammation
Authors: Hila Schwartz, Eran Blacher, Malak Amer, Nir Livneh, Lilach Abramovitz, Anat Klein, Dikla Ben-Shushan, Shelly Soffer, Raquel Blazquez, Alonso Barrantes-Freer, Meike Müller, Karin Müller-Decker, Reuven Stein, Galia Tsarfaty, Ronit Satchi-Fainaro, Viktor Umansky, Tobias Pukrop, Neta Erez
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Malignant melanoma is the deadliest of skin cancers. Melanoma frequently metastasizes to the brain, resulting in dismal survival. Nevertheless, mechanisms that govern early metastatic growth and the interactions of disseminated metastatic cells with the brain microenvironment are largely unknown. To study the hallmarks of brain metastatic niche formation, we established a transplantable model of spontaneous melanoma brain metastasis in immunocompetent mice and developed molecular tools for quantitative detection of brain micrometastases. Here we demonstrate that micrometastases are associated with instigation of astrogliosis, neuroinflammation, and hyperpermeability of the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, we show a functional role for astrocytes in facilitating initial growth of melanoma cells. Our findings suggest that astrogliosis, physiologically instigated as a brain tissue damage response, is hijacked by tumor cells to support metastatic growth. Studying spontaneous melanoma brain metastasis in a clinically relevant setting is the key to developing therapeutic approaches that may prevent brain metastatic relapse. Cancer Res; 76(15); 4359-71. ©2016 AACR.
Dual NAMPT and BTK Targeting Leads to Synergistic Killing of Waldenström Macroglobulinemia Cells Regardless of MYD88 and CXCR4 Somatic Mutation Status
Authors: Michele Cea, Antonia Cagnetta, Chirag Acharya, Prakrati Acharya, Yu-Tzu Tai, Cao Yang, Davide Lovera, Debora Soncini, Maurizio Miglino, Giulio Fraternali-Orcioni, Luca Mastracci, Alessio Nencioni, Fabrizio Montecucco, Fiammetta Monacelli, Alberto Ballestrero, Teru Hideshima, Dharminder Chauhan, Marco Gobbi, Roberto M. Lemoli, Nikhil Munshi, Steven P. Treon, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) regulates intracellular NAD+ pool and is highly expressed in a number of malignancies. FK866, a selective inhibitor of Nampt, depletes intracellular NAD+ levels, thereby blocking cellular metabolism and triggering sensitization to other drugs and cell death. Here we characterized the antitumor effects of Nampt inhibition in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Experimental Design: We investigated Nampt role in MW cells using both mRNA and protein expression analyses. We have also used loss-of-function approaches to investigate the growth and survival effects of Nampt on MW cells and further tested the anti-MW activity of dual Nampt and BTK inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Results: We found that Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells exhibit high levels of Nampt compared with normal B cells. Loss of function studies suggested a potential oncogenic role of Nampt in Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells, and BTK-inhibitor ibrutinib and FK866 resulted in a significant and synergistic anti-Waldenström macroglobulinemia cell death, regardless of MYD88 and CXCR4 mutational status. Cell death was associated with: (i) activation of caspase-3, PARP and downregulation of Mcl-1, (ii) enhanced intracellular ATP and NAD+ depletion, (iii) inhibition of NF-κB signaling, and (iv) inhibition of multiple prosurvival signaling pathways. In a murine xenograft Waldenström macroglobulinemia model, low-dose combination FK866 and ibrutinib is well tolerated, significantly inhibits tumor growth, and prolongs host survival. Conclusions: Our results show intracellular NAD+ level as crucial for proliferation and survival of Waldenström macroglobulinemia cells, and provides the mechanistic preclinical rationale for targeting Nampt, either alone or with Ibrutinib, to overcome drug resistance and improve patient outcome in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6099–109. ©2016 AACR.
Endoscopic resection of a giant esophageal fibrovascular polyp
Authors: Diane Lorenzo, Jean Gonzalez, Marc Barthet
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 66-year-old woman consulted because of dysphagia and occasional regurgitation of a lump of tissue during episodes of vomiting over the previous 9 months. A computed tomography (CT) scan showed a giant esophageal mass emerging in the upper esophagus. Evaluation by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) showed that the mass was very hypoechoic, and it was suspected to be lipoma.
Should the NHS curb spending on translation services?
Authors: David Jones
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Ho, Mozes, and Greenfield provide an analysis of the interplay between endowment spending policy and the volatility of investments. A key feature of their analysis is a formula that gives an upper bound for volatility, given the endowment's spending policy, expected rate of return on investment, and risk parameters. Their analysis shows that the investment performance necessary to support spending rates of 4% to 5%, and to maintain reasonable risk guidelines, is considerably greater than the performance that individual markets and common blends of those markets have generated over the past 20 years. Thus, the authors conclude that, in the absence of a unique ability to significantly outperform the financial markets over long periods of time, endowments with high spending rates must either reduce those rates or accept a higher probability of suffering a significant loss. <b>TOPICS:</b>Foundations &amp; endowments, performance measurement, portfolio management/multi-asset allocation
Outbreak of mumps associated with poor vaccine efficacy - Oporto Portugal 1996
Authors: G Gonçalves, A de Araújo, M. L. Monteiro Cardoso
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1998)

Vaccination against mumps in Portugal began in 1987, with the introduction of the combined measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) in the national vaccination programme (Programa Nacional de Vacinacao: PNV) for both sexes at 15 months. In November 1990,
An evaluation of a mental health program for homeless men
Authors: C L Caton, R J Wyatt, J Grunberg, A Felix
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors report the results of a before-and-after evaluation of an on-site mental health day treatment program for homeless men. Thirty-two subjects were interviewed 6 or more months after placement from a crisis shelter to community housing in order to probe housing stability, aftercare treatment compliance, employment, rehospitalization, and criminal justice contacts. In the after phase, living on the street was virtually eliminated, use of shelters decreased sevenfold, aftercare utilization tripled, and contacts with the criminal justice system were halved. Psychiatric hospitalizations and unemployment were higher in the after phase. Findings are discussed in relation to the need to conduct controlled experiments of new psychosocial treatments for the homeless mentally ill.
Marrow purging in autologous bone marrow transplantation for T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia: efficacy of ex vivo treatment with immunotoxins and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide against fresh leukemic marrow progenitor cells
Authors: FM Uckun, K Gajl-Peczalska, DE Meyers, NC Ramsay, JH Kersey, M Colvin, DA Vallera
Journal: Blood (1987)
Conclusions from the Meeting
Authors: Irene J Higginson, Joseph O'Neill
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

The original premise of the meeting was that, if models of palliative care could be established for HIV / AIDS, these could help us in the UK and the USA to find better ways of serving patients with an uncertain prognosis or from particular areas of social disadvantage. As it turned out, all the presentations and discussions supported this hypothesis.
AB0250 Wrist Ultrasound Better Correlates with Disease Activity Score (DAS28) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients Treated with Biologics:
Authors: D. Opris, A. Borangiu, T. Gudu, I. Saulescu, L. Groseanu, D. Predeteanu, R. Ionescu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To assess which particular joint ultrasound (US) evaluation better correlate with disease activity based on DAS28 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with biologics. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive RA patients on stable biologic treatment for more than 6 months were evaluated. Clinical and US evaluation were performed by two independent assessors, the same day as all laboratory tests. The scanning technique and the settings of the machine (ESAOTE MY LAB70, 15 MHz linear probe) were the same for all the patients. Examinations were perform by a trained ultrasonografer who was blinded to all clinical evaluations. US of both hands (dorsal wrist, 2nd to 5th volar metacarpophalangeal and 2nd to 4th volar proximal interphalangeal) was done. Synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler (PD) signal were scored (grade 0–3). Synovial hypertrophy &gt;2 plus power Doppler signal was classified as active synovitis. Based on DAS284v(ESR) patients were split in 2 groups: remission and non-remission. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and six patients were evaluated. Most of them (84%) were females, mean age group 58.72 (11.49) years, mean disease duration 13.48 (7.4) years. Regarding the treatment, 87.7% had a DMARD associated to the biologic: 49.1% (52) patients were treated with rituximab, 27.35% (29) with etanercept,19.9% (19) with adalimumab, 9.33% (9) with infliximab. Mean DAS28 ESR was 3.14, with 36.8% of patients being on remission. We found a significant statistical difference (p=0.005) between active synovitis score in active disease patients (82.05% of them heaving active synovitis) versus 56.41% synovitis in remission patients. Statistical significance was also found regarding inflammation markers, PD joint number, PD total score, but not regarding Grey Scale (GS) number and total score (see table). When every joint was evaluated separately, statistically significance was found only between wrists and PD: right wrist (p=0.01) and left wrist (p=0.002), but not for GS (p=0.181 and 0.337). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Active synovitis score, total PD joint number and total PD score correlates with DAS284vESR in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with biologics. Both wrist US evaluation seems to be the most accurate in identifiing disease activity. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This paper is partially supported by the Sectoral Operational Program Human Resources Development, financed from the European Social Found POSDRU/159/1.5/S/137390. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0014 Gender-Dependent Association Between HLA-G 14B Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Italian Patients
Authors: M. Rubini, E. Bonomo Roversi, V. Aiello, M.F. Khan, P. Franceschelli, R. Bassi Andreasi, I. Farina, E. Galuppi, M. Govoni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region contributes to approximately half of the genetic susceptibility for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), and alleles at the HLA-DRB1 locus are associated with increased risk and more severe phenotype in RA, but this locus does not entirely explain HLA contribution to disease risk. HLA-G is a non-classical low-polymorphic HLA molecule, characterized by limited tissue distribution under normal physiological conditions. It has been shown to play a major role in immunosuppression, inhibiting the activity of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells. Such feature makes HLA-G an attractive candidate gene for susceptibility to immune-mediated diseases. A 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 39UTR region of gene (rs16375) seems to reduce the transcript stability and associates with lower HLA-G expression. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate if the rs16375 variant influences the susceptibility to develop RA using a case/control model in Italian population. <h3>Methods</h3> We genotyped rs16375 polymorphism in a cohort of 322 Italian RA patients and in a matched group of healthy control individuals. All subject were genotyped using TaqMan technology. <h3>Results</h3> The frequency of ins/ins genotype was significantly higher among RA patients compared to controls, indicating that ins/ins homozygotes had an increased risk to develop RA (OR=1.7 95% CI 1.2-2.6). Stratifying subjects according to gender, it came out that rs16375 genotype-associated susceptibility to RA was restricted to female patients (OR=2.4 95% CI 1.3-4.2), while rs16375 genotype had no influence on RA risk among males. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results suggest that HLA-G could contribute to RA pathogenesis, and that the 14b insertion/deletion polymorphism could account for gender-associated differences in genetic susceptibility to develop RA. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was party supported by FAR grant from University of Ferrara. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared