tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-220 Are more colonic polyps found with better bowel preparation?: Abstract PTU-220 Table 1
Authors: K H Smith, S Whiteoak, B Colleypriest
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colonic adenoma detection is one of the quality indicators of endoscopy<sup>1</sup> and is measured as present or not, rather than an absolute number of adenomatous polyps per colonoscopy. Several factors are associated with higher polyp detection rate; adequate colonic distension, retroflexion in the rectum, position change, cleaning and suctioning, with slow and thorough examination of the mucosa.<sup>2</sup> The quality of bowel preparation is variable and assessed subjectively by the endoscopist. The purpose of this observational study was to determine whether more polyps are detected with good bowel preparation. <h3>Methods</h3> All colonoscopies stored on the reporting system database (from 2004 to 2009) in a District General Hospital were identified. Completed examinations with data for both the absolute number of polyps per colonoscopy and preparation quality were included. Colonoscopies in which cancers were diagnosed, and those with missing data were excluded. Independent T-testing and χ<sup>2</sup> were used in the statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> 4442 colonoscopies with complete data were identified for analysis. 3489 (78.5%) detected no polyps, and 953 (21.5%) found polyps. Polyp detection rate was not dependent on the quality of the bowel preparation (p=0.81). There was no significant difference between “good” and “poor” preparation in the mean number of polyps detected per colonoscopy (p=0.428), between “good” and “satisfactory” preparation (p=0.329), or between “satisfactory” and “poor” (p=0.936). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The quality of bowel preparation appears to make no difference to the likelihood of detecting adenomas in the colon or to the absolute number detected per colonoscopy. These results suggest that either polyp detection rate/number is not a robust measure of quality or the subjective measure of bowel preparation is not discriminatory. Further prospective studies are required to establish a validated bowel preparation score, which, if carefully structured, would standardise preparation as a quality measure and augment the factors known to influence polyp detection rate. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Valori R</b>, Barton R. <i>BSG Quality and Safety Indicators for Endoscopy</i>. The Joint Advisory Group on GI Endoscopy. 2007. 2. <b>Cairns SR</b>, Scholefield JH, Steele RJ, <i>et al.</i> Guidelines for colorectal cancer screening and surveillance in moderate and high risk groups (update from 2002). <i>Gut</i> 2010;<b>59</b>:666–90. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Bird flu research is likely to be published in full within a year, editors say
Authors: R. McKie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Controversial research into the H5N1 bird flu virus is likely to be published in full within a year. The editors of Science and Nature announced on Friday 17 February that they both expected that the work would appear in their journals once a safety review of the flu research laboratories that are likely to use the data contained in the papers had been conducted.

Earlier that day the World Health Organization in Geneva had recommended that there be a delay in publishing while it held more discussions on finding ways to ensure safe publication. It also proposed that a safety review of laboratories carrying out …
<i>Thru</i> but not <i>wisht</i>: Language, writing, and universal reading theory
Authors: Charles Perfetti
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Languages may get the writing system they deserve or merely a writing system they can live with – adaption without optimization. A universal theory of reading reflects the general dependence of writing on language and the adaptations required by the demands of specific languages and their written forms. The theory also can be informed by research that addresses a specific language and orthography, gaining universality through demonstrating adaptations to language and writing input.
Studies Confirm Value of IL-2/LAK Treatment
Authors: C. Wittenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Studies Confirm Value of IL-2/LAK Treatment Get access Clarissa Wittenberg Clarissa Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 10, 22 May 1989, Pages 732–733, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.10.732-a Published: 22 May 1989
Ineffectiveness of Topical Adenine Arabinoside 5′-Monophosphate in the Treatment of Recurrent Herpes Simplex Labialis
Authors: Spotswood L. Spruance, Clyde S. Crumpacker, Harold Haines, Colette Bader, Ken Mehr, Janet MacCalman, Lowell E. Schnipper, Melville R. Klauber, James C. Overall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

The ability of topical 10 per cent adenine arabinoside 5'-monophosphate to decrease the severity and frequency of recurrent herpes simplex labialis was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized study of 233 patients at three collaborating institutions. Nine clinical and four virologic measurements were used to evaluate drug efficacy during a single episode. No statistically significant improvement in any measurement was seen in the drug-treated patients. Analyses according to institution and age, stage and size of lesion before therapy also indicated no benefit attributable to the drug. There was no effect of the drug on the rate of recurrence of herpes simplex labialis. We conclude that, despite activity against herpes simplex virus infection in tissue culture and in some laboratory animal models, topical use of the drug is ineffective against recurrent herpes simplex labialis. This may be due to failure of the drug to penetrate the skin.
Sequential Tc-99m MDP Bone Scans After Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty in Asymptomatic Patients
Authors: HEE SOO KIM, JIN-SUCK SUH, CHANG DONG HAN, YOUNG-HOO KIM, JONG DOO LEE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

To evaluate the distribution and degree of radioactivity on sequential Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m MDP) scans in the diagnosis of postoperative loosening in asymptomatic patients who underwent cementless total hip replacement.Tc-99m MDP scans were obtained every three months where possible, for one year in those patients who underwent total hip replacement using a Harris Galante cementless prosthesis. Eighty-three scans from 45 patients were obtained. Uptake was assessed within the five periprosthetic zones (zone 1: greater trochanter; 2: lateral stem of the prosthesis; 3: tip of the prosthesis; 4: medial stem of the prosthesis; and 5: lesser trochanter) using an arbitrary 5-point grading system. Grade 1 indicated normal uptake and Grade 5 indicated highest uptake. The grade of uptake within each zone was then analyzed against their postoperative ages.The radioactivity regressed to Grade 1 or 2 from Grade 4 or 5 within 12 months after cementless total hip replacement in 87.5% and 93.8% of patients in zones 2 and 4, respectively. Even though the radioactivity within zones 1, 3, and 5 tended to decrease, persistent elevation of activity (over grade 2) lasted up to 12 months after surgery in 31% or 37% of the patients.The radioactivity after cementless total hip replacement tended to regress in proportion to the postimplant age. The regression rate varied depending on the periprosthetic zones.
AI-18 * WOUND HEALING COMPLICATIONS IN A SERIES OF BRAIN TUMOR PATIENTS ON BEVACIZUMAB
Authors: H. Ladha, T. Pawar, M. Gilbert, B. O'Brien, C. Conrad, M. Fields, T. Hanna, C. Loch, T. Armstrong
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Wound healing complications with Bevacizumab (BV) are well-established adverse events in other solid tumors. Here, we report a series of 14 cases of glioblastoma patients who developed wound healing complications while on BV treatment, either related to craniotomy (n = 8) or other soft tissue wounds (n = 6). RESULTS: Median age was 54 years (range 29-76), 5 were female (35.7%) and 9 were male (64.3%). The median duration of treatment with BV was 149 days (range 6-1,155 days). The dose was 10 mg/kg for 11 pts (78.6%) and 5 mg/kg for 3 pts (21.4%), given every 2 weeks for the majority of patients. Nine pts were on corticosteroids, median dose was 8 mg (range 1-150 mg) for a median of 131 days (range 9-1,546 days) prior to starting BV. For dehisced craniotomy wounds, median time for starting BV from last surgery was 29 days (range 27-345). The median time from starting BV to developing wound complication was 44 days (range 0-173). Seven (87.5%) had infected wounds requiring antibiotics and hospitalization. Four (50%) required plastic surgery. BV was stopped and safely resumed in 6 (75%) patients; the median delay was 70 days (range 34-346). The non-craniotomy related soft tissue wounds were related to decubitus ulcer, dehisced abdominal striae, herpes simplex, trauma to hand and back, and abscess. The median time from starting BV to developing wound issues was 72 days (range 6-559). Five (83.3%) were infected and required antibiotics. Although three (50%) patients required hospitalization, none required plastic surgery. Treatment was stopped in five (83.3%) and restarted in two (median delay 48 days, range 26-69). CONCLUSION: While craniotomy-related post-surgical wound healing complications are well known with BV use, other soft tissue wound-related complications are uncommon. The strong association with long-term corticosteroid use warrants attention and further investigation.
Abstract 2629: Sustained immediate-early gene induction is linked to histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced apoptosis in multiple tumour types
Authors: Anderly C. Chueh, Lars Togel, John M. Mariadason
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a novel class of cancer therapeutics, currently approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and undergoing clinical trials for other haematological and solid tumours. Through screening of a panel of 30 colorectal cancer cell (CRC) lines, we previously established that HDACi-induced apoptosis is linked to a specific transcriptional response consisting of induction of multiple immediate-early (IE) and stress response genes. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the findings made in colorectal cancer cells are applicable to other tumor types and to further elucidate the mechanism of apoptosis induction involving IE genes. Results: We screened a panel of 40 tumor cell lines including that of CTCL, multiple myeloma, NSCLC, melanoma, breast and prostate cancer, for HDACi (sodium butyrate and Vorinostat) sensitivity by PI/FACS analysis and identified highly sensitive and resistant cell lines. Consistent with the findings made in CRCs, quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of six representative IE genes (Fos, Jun, Atf3, Egr1, Egr3, Gadd45b) were preferentially induced by HDACi treatment in the 5 most sensitive cell lines compared to the 5 most refractory tumor cell lines. To study kinetics of IE gene induction, we performed time-course experiments on cancer cell lines treated with various stimuli, including EGF, phorbol ester PMA, and HDACi. While EGF and PMA induce IE gene expression in a rapid and transient manner, HDACi-induction of IE gene expression is sustained over 24 hours, suggesting that the prolonged expression of these genes may be responsible for apoptosis induction. By transient transfection of siRNA into tumour cell lines, we demonstrated that the down-regulation of the IE genes Jun and Atf3 partially blocks HDACi-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: We demonstrated that HDACi-induced apoptosis is linked to sustained transcriptional induction of multiple IE genes in a variety of cancer cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that IE genes of the AP-1 transcription factor family Jun and Atf3 are directly involved in the apoptosis response induced upon HDACi treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2629. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2629
NIH Appropriations Due
Authors: Dorothy A. Tisevich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article NIH Appropriations Due Get access Dorothy A. Tisevich Dorothy A. Tisevich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 20, 20 October 1993, Page 1636, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.20.1636 Published: 20 October 1993
EARLY ASSOCIATION OF ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYLARGININE WITH ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH ANGINA AND NONOBSTRUCTIVE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Rushi Parikh, Vedant Pargaonkar, Yuhei Kobayashi, Takumi Kimura, Alan Yeung, John Cooke, Jennifer Tremmel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
FRI0559 Knowledge and preferences of patients with knee and hip osteoarthritis (OA) with respect to total joint arthroplasty (TJA)
Authors: M. Suarez-Almazor, G. Landon, R. Luo, J. Singh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Significant variations have been described in the utilization of total joint arthroplasty (TJA) in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis (OA), which cannot be entirely explained by clinical need or heath system issues. Patient preferences may play an important role in this variation. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the knowledge, familiarity and preferences of patients with knee and hip OA with respect to TJA. <h3>Methods</h3> Consecutive patients with knee or hip OA attending orthopedic clinics were invited to participate in the study. A survey was administered before the patient's visit with the surgeon inquiring about their preferences for surgery and their familiarity with the procedure. After their visit patients were asked once again about their preferences for surgery. Surgeons were also independently asked whether they had recommended TKA for each patient. <h3>Results</h3> 203 patients with knee OA and 78 patients with hip OA were included in the study: 43% were female, 69% white, mean age was 59.6 years. Half of the patients thought they were likely to undergo TKA within the next 6 months. Fifty-three percent of them stated they had little or no knowledge about TKA, and 24% did not know anyone who had undergone TJA. Patients felt that the opinions of their families about surgery were as important as those from their primary care physicians. Patients with hip OA were more likely than those with knee OA to believe that TJA would be very helpful (53% vs. 33% p&lt;0.01), result in significant pain relief (87% vs. 65% p&lt;0.01) and function improvement (85% vs. 65% p=0.03). Risk of complications was felt to be similar by both groups. When asked before the visit about the role they wanted to have at the time of the visit, 28% of the patients wanted their surgeon to make the decision about whether they should undergo TJA, and 22% wanted to make the final decision themselves; however when asked about the role they actually played during visit, the concordance between desired and actual role was low (kappa 0.33). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results show that patients with OA vary in their knowledge, attitudes and preferences about TJA, suggesting that these may play an important role in the observed variation in the utilization rates for this procedure. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Unilateral Diffusely Increased Muscle Uptake of F-18 FDG in a Patient With Hemiparesis Due to Stroke
Authors: Pushpender Gupta, Gopi Kota, Abass Alavi, Akiva Mintz
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Although normal muscles accumulate less F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) under normoglycemic conditions, FDG muscle uptake is frequently encountered on PET scans. However, diffusely elevated unilateral muscle uptake is not frequently seen. In this report, we demonstrate a case of unilateral muscle uptake in a patient with a remote history of stroke, possibly explained by increased spasticity, a shift toward fast twitch (type II) muscle fibers, and inflammatory changes that are all seen post–upper motor neuron injury. Thus, FDG PET may serve as a functional biomarker of the extent of upper motor neuron injury after stroke.
TCT-770 Complete Heart Block After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Arun K. Kanmanthareddy, Avanija R. Buddam, Suresh Sharma, Ajay Vallakati, Muhammad R. Afzal, Sunil Dacha, Manjari Devidi, Venkata Sandeep Koripalli, Nivedita P. Adabala, Madhu Reddy, Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 4004: P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are novel therapeutic targets in human breast cancer
Authors: Christy Ong, Adrian Jubb, Peter Haverty, Wei Zhou, Karen Lyle, Adrian Harris, Marcia Belvin, Lori Friedman, Hartmut Koeppen, Klaus P. Hoeflich
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract P21-activated kinases (PAKs) are important mediators of Rac and Cdc42 GTPase function as well as pathways required for Ras-driven tumorigenesis. PAKs have been implicated in signaling by growth factor receptors and morphogenetic processes that control cell polarity, invasion and actin cytoskeleton organization. To better understand the role of PAK1 and PAK4 in breast tumorigenesis, genomic copy number, mRNA and protein expression were determined for a panel of 291 human breast adenocarcinomas and loss-of function was assessed in cell lines using genetic and pharmacologic approaches. Interestingly, PAK1 genomic amplification at 11q13 was prevalent in luminal breast cancer and PAK1 levels in early ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) samples was similar to that of primary adenocarcinoma suggesting that PAK1 dysregulation could be an early event in some breast cancers. PAK1 protein expression in adenocarcinoma was associated with lymph node invasion and further increased expression was observed in metastatic tumors. In addition, primary and secondary (28 local recurrences, 56 metastases) adenocarcinomas from a total of 86 patients (81 with matching samples) were evaluated for PAK1 and PAK4 expression to determine modulation of these kinases following adjuvant hormone therapy. Breast cancer cell lines with PAK1 genomic amplification rapidly underwent caspase activation and apoptosis following inhibition of this kinase. Together, our results provide evidence for dysregulation of PAK1 in breast cancer and a role for PAK1 in cellular survival and proliferation in this indication. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4004. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4004
Late-Onset Type of Skeletal-Muscle Phosphorylase Deficiency
Authors: W. King Engel, Edward L. Eyerman, Hibbard E. Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

A DISEASE attributed to a defect of glycogen breakdown in skeletal muscle was originally described by McArdle.1 It was subsequently found that in similarly affected patients skeletal-muscle phosphorylase was completely absent whereas the hepatic phosphorylase remained normal.2 , 3 In 2 patients the skeletal-muscle glycogen content was elevated,2 , 3 but it was normal in a third patient.4 One patient had proved myoglobinuria.2 Because venous-blood lactate failed to rise after exercise of an ischemic forearm in each case this test has been used to screen patients suspected of having this disease. All the patients previously studied had symptoms beginning in childhood that followed three . . .
Nonvisualization of the Liver on a Tc-99m Sestamibi Parathyroid Scan
Authors: DAVID M. KEADLE, JOHN M. BAUMAN, JEROME L. BILLINGSLEY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Tc-99m sestamibi images were acquired in a 62-year-old woman with an elevated parathyroid hormone level to rule out primary hyperparathyroid disease. Three areas of increased activity were noted in the neck, which were shown to be parathyroid adenomas by subsequent ultrasound. Incidentally noted on planar images was a lack of normal liver activity. Comparison with CT images of the abdomen revealed ascites and multiple large cystic lesions within the liver and kidneys consistent with autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of nonvisualization of the liver on a Tc-99m sestamibi scan.
P101 A survey of emergency oxygen guideline implementation among all 15 UK Ambulance Services in early 2011
Authors: F. P. Moore, A. G. Davison, J. Smith, B. R. O'Driscoll
Journal: Thorax (2011)

The British Thoracic Society (BTS), together with 21 other societies published a UK guideline for emergency oxygen use in 2008. This guideline was endorsed by the Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee (JRCALC) who produced new oxygen guidance for ambulance crews in April 2009. We have conducted a survey of implementation of this guidance among UK Ambulance Services in early 2011. A questionnaire was sent to the Medical Directors of all 15 UK Ambulance Services and all, or their nominated deputies responded. Eleven of fifteen respondents reported full implementation of the 2009 JRCALC oxygen guidance throughout their service and ten of these reported that all relevant staff are trained in this area of practice. However, an informal survey of about 100 front line ambulance crews in one of these areas found that none were aware of the 2009 JRCALC document so the above figures may be aspirational and not yet achieved at operational level. Four services reported that they have completed audits of guideline implementation and a further three services are planning audits. All 15 services reported that 81%–100% of response vehicles were equipped with oximeters and the availability of oxygen masks was as follows: 15/15 reservoir masks; 12/15 simple face masks, 12/15 28% Venturi masks, 6/15 24% Venturi masks, 10/15 nasal cannulae. However, the informal survey of front-line staff from one ambulance service showed that Venturi masks were not actually available at operational level although the Regional response indicated universal availability. A separate survey found that no UK ambulance service has access to air cylinders, compressors or ultrasonic nebulisers for COPD patients so all nebulised treatment is oxygen-driven. Six of 15 services reported that they had protocols to limit the duration of oxygen-driven nebuliser therapy for COPD patients. Two services have a record of all patients in their area who have an Oxygen Alert card. This survey suggests that UK Ambulance Services are taking steps to implement the BTS and JRCALC emergency oxygen guidance but it is unclear how much advice and equipment had been cascaded to front-line staff by Spring 2011.