tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Development of Intermediate Clinical Endpoints in Cancer of the Prostate (ICECaP)
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

New systemic therapies have prolonged the lives of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Use of these therapies in the adjuvant setting when the disease may be micrometastatic and potentially more sensitive to therapies may decrease mortality from prostate cancer. However, the conduct of adjuvant prostate cancer clinical trials is hampered by taking longer than a decade to reach the meaningful endpoint of overall survival (OS) and the fact that many men never die from prostate cancer, even if they relapse. A validated intermediate clinical endpoint (ICE) in prostate cancer that is a robust surrogate for OS has yet to be defined. This paper details the plans, process, and progress of the international Intermediate Clinical Endpoints in Cancer of the Prostate (ICECaP) working group to pool individual patient data from all available clinical trials of radiation or prostatectomy for localized disease and conduct the requisite analyses to determine whether an ICE can be identified. This paper further details the challenges and the a priori statistical analytical plans and strategies to define an ICE for adjuvant prostate cancer clinical trials. In addition, a brief review of the health economic analyses to model the benefits to patients, society and manufacturers is detailed. If successful, the results from this work will provide a robust surrogate for OS that will expedite the design and conduct of future adjuvant therapy trials using new agents that have proven activity in mCRPC. Moreover, it will also define the health economic benefits to patients and societies.
Hantavirus infections in Finland
Authors: O Vapalahti, A Vaheri, H Henttonen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1995)

Hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantaviruspulmonary syndrome (HPS), and occur throughout the world. The viruses aretransmitted to humans in aerosols of rodent secretions. About 200 000 people,mainly in Eurasia, develop
A program for late twentieth-century psychiatry
Authors: R M Unger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The author argues against conceptions of the current state of psychiatry that either accept eclecticism as natural or treat some specific biological or psychodynamic model as the true core of psychiatry. He presents a unified program for biological and psychodynamic explanation and therapy. The biological aspect of this agenda supports a unitary view of mental illness but dissociates this view from reductionist premises. The psychological aspect treats particular psychodynamic theories, including Freud's, as special cases of a more basic account of affect and imagination. The program has unequivocal diagnostic, explanatory, and therapeutic implications as well as a larger social meaning.
The Biosynthesis of Collagen and Its Disorders
Authors: Darwin J. Prockop, Kari I. Kivirikko, Leena Tuderman, Norberto A. Guzman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

(First of Two Parts)COLLAGEN is the major macromolecule of most connective tissues, and it is widely believed that many human diseases, particularly chronic diseases, will be found to involve this protein either directly or indirectly. Since collagen biosynthesis was last reviewed in the Journal in 1972,1 much new information has been gained about the relatively complex pathway by which it is synthesized. We should like to consider this new information and some of its consequences in terms of the following questions:What is the structural information in the collagen molecule, and how does it determine the structure of the . . .
Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma
Authors: V R Chitnis, S S Thakur, C K Deshpande
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 24: Bone Marrow Cells Transdifferentiate into Cardiomyocytes and Repair the Infarcted Heart
Authors: Anna Czarna, Junghyun Kim, Fumihiro Sanada, Sergio Signore, Antonio Cannata, Marcello Rota, Annarosa Leri, Piero Anversa
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

A major controversy concerns whether c-kit-positive bone marrow cells (c-kit-BMCs) can acquire cell lineages different from their organ of origin. Technical challenges and variability in the protocols employed for cell isolation and detection of donor-derived structures may account only in part for the conflicting results obtained in different laboratories. We raised the hypothesis that c-kit-BMCs are functionally heterogeneous and possess distinct transdifferentiation potential. To address this issue, two methodologies were employed to label individual c-kit-BMCs and define their clonal fate in vivo: viral gene-tagging and fluorescent protein-based multicolor cell marking. c-kit-BMCs were infected with EGFP lentiviruses and injected in infarcted hearts. At 2 weeks, the regenerated myocardium was enzymatically digested and EGFP-labeled myocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and c-kit-cells were sorted. By employing a PCR-based method of detection of viral integrants, we searched for sites of viral insertion in the isolated cells. Common insertion sites were found in the DNA of c-kit-BMCs and specialized cells, documenting that single c-kit-BMCs transdifferentiated into multiple cell lineages. However, only specific subsets of c-kit-BMCs generated cardiomyocytes in vivo, strongly indicating that the c-kit-BMC pool is composed of myogenic and non-myogenic cells. To strengthen these observations, FACS-sorted c-kit-BMCs were simultaneously transduced with 3 lentiviruses, each encoding red, green or blue (RGB) fluorescent proteins. Different combinations of inserted vectors in individual c-kit-BMCs resulted in a variety of mixed colors, each indicative of the development of clonal populations. RGB-infected c-kit-BMCs were delivered to infarcted rats and gave rise to homogeneously colored colonies containing fluorescently labeled myocytes and vascular cells. The homogenous pattern of expression of the fluorescent proteins documented that the regenerated structures derived from the expansion and transdifferentiation of single c-kit-BMCs. Our findings demonstrate that c-kit-BMCs are functionally heterogeneous and have a different ability to survive, engraft, and transdifferentiate in the ischemic heart.
Pediatric Strabismus
Authors: Sean P. Donahue
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A healthy 3-year-old boy presents with a 6-month history of strabismus in his left eye. The visible inward deviation of the eye began intermittently but is now constant. His visual acuity is 20/20 in the right eye but only 20/100 in the left eye. The physical examination is otherwise normal. How should he be treated?
Intra-abdominal organ strangulation during intraoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with rendezvous cannulation: case report
Authors: Ioannis Gkekas, Jonathan Palmgren, Pia Näsvall, Michael Dahlberg
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Intraoperative rendezvous endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is one of the single-stage options available for managing common bile duct stones during laparoscopic cholecystectomy [1]. The rendezvous procedure allows immediate biliary cannulation and reduces the risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis [1] [2]. We report a case of omentum and stomach strangulation caused by the trans-cystic guidewire during a routine rendezvous ERCP, an unusual complication.
Parental alcoholism as a risk factor in benzodiazepine abuse: a pilot study
Authors: D A Ciraulo, J G Barnhill, A M Ciraulo, D J Greenblatt, R I Shader
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Nine of 12 men with a family history of alcoholism but only two of 12 control subjects had euphoric responses to alprazolam. The authors conclude that sons of alcoholics may be at high risk to abuse alprazolam.
PTU-257 Correlation of adipokines and intestinal inflammation with mesenteric adipose tissue volumes in symptomatic and asymptomatic diverticulosis: Abstract PTU-257 Table 1
Authors: K Murray, C Hoad, J Garratt, C Costigan, A Batra, B Siegmund, Y Falcone, E Cox, J Paul, J Smith, D Humes, S Francis, L Marciani, P Gowland, R Spiller
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colonic diverticulosis affects up to 66% of those &gt; 65 years in the UK. Obesity is a risk factor for developing symptomatic diverticular disease (DD) including abscess formation and perforation. These inflammatory complications may relate to the known pro-inflammatory secretions (adipokines and cytokines) of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This study looks at correlations between abdominal adipose tissue and adipokines and symptoms in DD by comparing asymptomatic (ASYMP) and symptomatic patients (SYMPDD). <h3>Method</h3> 55 patients, BMI 20.5–39.5 kg m<sup>-2</sup>comprising 17 ASYMP and 38 SYMPDD with chronic abdominal pain (29 with somatization score (PHQ12-SS) ≥7 and 9 &lt;7). All were scanned with a 1.5T MRI scanner after an overnight fast. Blood and stool samples were collected and concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and faecal calprotectin were determined. <h3>Results</h3> SYMPDD patients had more fat, leptin and calprotectin than ASYMP but these differences were not significant (Table 1). However overall (n = 55) adiponectin was found to correlate negatively with VAT (r = -0.344, p = 0.01), abdominal volume (r = -0.510, p = 0.0002), and BMI (r = -0.425, p = 0.002). Leptin in contrast correlated strongly with SAT (r = 0.762, p &lt; 0.0001) and TAT (r = 0.698, p &lt; 0.0001), while the correlation with VAT was weaker (r = 0.384, p = 0.004). Stool calprotectin correlated negatively with adiponectin (r = -0.353, p = 0.009) and weakly with stool frequency in SYMPDD patients but this was not significant (Spearman r = 0.3, P = 0.057). Stool form correlated positively with BMI (Spearman r = 0.4, P = 0.005). SS were significantly higher in SYMPDD versus ASYMP patients (P &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusion</h3> MR imaging demonstrates that VAT, SAT and TAT correlated with both adipokine concentrations and faecal calprotectin in DD patients. The study confirms the known link between leptin, adiponectin and obesity, and shows that abdominal VAT is related to intestinal inflammation. Whether this link is primary or secondary due to differences in diet or microbiota or both remains to be established. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
A high-dose, double-blind study of ceruletide in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: J A Mattes, W Hom, J M Rochford
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Ceruletide, a cholecystokinin analogue, has been reported to interact with dopamine in the CNS and to benefit schizophrenic individuals. The authors, using a double-blind design, a higher total dose, and a larger sample size than previous studies, found no evidence of benefit.
Schizophrenic Disorders
Authors: Theo C. Manschreck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

JUST as chlorpromazine revolutionized the treatment of schizophrenic disorders in the 1950s, the adoption of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of the American Psychiatric Association (DSM-III)1 has revitalized the diagnosis. While schizophrenia remains poorly understood, it may at least be better defined as we enter a new decade:The essential features of this group of disorders are: the presence of certain psychotic features during the active phase of the illness, characteristic symptoms involving multiple psychological processes, deterioration from a previous level of functioning, onset before age 45, and a duration of at least six months. The . . .
GAMMA GLOBULIN AND INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS
Authors: P R KEIZER
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AB0302 Can We Use a Validated Synovitis Score Developed for the Follow-Up of RA Patients (the Sonar Score) as a Tool to Predict an Evolution Towards RA in Patients with Polyarthralgia?:
Authors: C. Rebell, H.R. Ziswiler, A. Dumusc, M. Lucini, J. Haintz, A. So, P. Zufferey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> In established RA, musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) is more sensitive than clinical assessment for the detection of synovitis. Few scores US have nevertheless been validated essentially for the follow-up of RA. The SONAR is one of them. It has the particularity to be used in real life practice by many rheumatologists at a national level in Switzerland since 2009. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of the study was assess the value of the US SONAR as a screening tool to detect early joint involvement in patient complaining of polyarthralgia and to predict the future development of a inflammatory disease in particular RA. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a retrospective real life study of 101 consecutive patients seen in investigation in our ambulatory unit between 2009 and 2013 with poly-arthralgia lasting for more than 6 weeks. None met the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria for RA or for another inflammatory rheumatology disease. A SONAR score was performed for each patient in addition to regular biological and immunological investigations. Based on earlier studies (1,2), the score was considered as positive, highly suggestive of an inflammatory arthritis, when the total score exceeded 8/66 points or when there were more than two grade two synovitis in B-mode or when any Doppler activity was detected. Five different rheumatologists performed the ultrasound examinations. The follow-up data were extracted from the flow charts of the service or information taken from regular doctors. <h3>Results</h3> Complete follow up data could be obtained in 97/101 patients: 75 females. At baseline, 27 patients (28/%) had a positive SONAR score. The base line demographic and biological, immunological characteristics of the SONAR + and SONAR - were similar. The mean (SD) follow-up time was 19 (7) months in both groups. 17 patients developed a clear inflammatory arthritis (11 RA). 55 patients complained of unchanged polyarthralgia, 16 had no remaining symptoms and 9 had a clear degenerative disorder. The Table summarizes the evolution toward RA and non RA inflammatory arthritis in the two groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study suggests that the SONAR score is a useful tool in patients presenting inflammatory polyarthralgia. In presence of ultrasound synovitis, the evolution toward RA or another inflammatory arthritis is significantly more frequent than in absence of such synovitis <h3>References</h3> Joint Bone Spine. 2014 Oct;81(5):426-32. Joint Bone Spine. 2014 May;81(3):222-7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study of ganglioside GM1 treatment for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: C Flicker, S H Ferris, D Kalkstein, M Serby
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

In a double-blind trial, 12 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease were treated for 6 weeks with placebo and 6 weeks with monosialoganglioside (GM1) (100 mg/day i.m.), which potentiates the actions of nerve growth factor. GM1 failed to produce significant improvement in patients' cognitive test performance, suggesting that this is not a viable approach to the treatment of cognitive deterioration in Alzheimer's disease.
AB0874 Implementation of the Eular 2003 Recommendations Knee Osteoarthritis in a Tunisian Population
Authors: L. Metoui, R. Dhahri, N. Boussetta, F. Laajili, N. Ben Abdelhafidh, B. Louzir, I. Gharsallah, S. Othmeni, I. Ksibi, R. Maaouia, A. Aouadi, H. Rahali
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> This study aimed to investigate EULAR 2003 recommandation application on a sample of 60 (KOA) patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective longitudinal study done on the department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine of the Principal Military Hospital of Tunis between January 2011 and December 2012, about 60 patients with knee OA. These patients were divided into two groups of 30 cases: patients aged 65 years and over (SA) and young adults 30 to 55 years (SJ). <h3>Results</h3> All patients received therapeutic management combiningpharmacologic and nonpharmacologic. This treatment was individualized, taking into account: clean Knee risk factors (obesity, mechanical, physical activity), general risk factors (age, comorbidity, polypharmacy), the intensity of pain and disability that it entails, to the presence of inflammatory signs (particularly effusions)? of the location and the degree of structural reached. The above-mentioned elements have been identified in interrogation and the initial review of our patients, further management was judged on these factors. However, the treatment received and appreciation of weight reduction have not mentioned in their records. All patients received an educational program focusing on the economy joint, the need for weight loss and self-rehabilitation. this program was initiated concomitantly with functional rehabilitation sessions. The use of assistive devices were limited to 13.3% of our patients, all of elderly. Weight loss could not be assessed (default data). Paracetamol is the most prescribed treatment in our series: 53.3% of our patients received paracetamol alone or in combination. The Topical NSAIDs are prescribed in 63.3% of patients in which 60.5% are of older group In 5 cases of patients with peptic ulcer documented, there has been use of Anti of H2 as gastric coverage during short periods of NSAID prescription. Analgesics II were used in 5 cases. The AASALs were used in 10 cases, especially in young patients. Infiltration of chondroprotectors using hyaluronic acid were found in 4 cases. Intra articular corticosteroid injections were performed in 8 patients. These findings were not influenced by age. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Application of recommadations depends greatly on socio-economic conditions of countries and their social security systems. In our study, several recommendations were insufficiently met. A study on a larger population should investigate the factors influencing the implementation of these recommendations and the opinion of various stakeholders (physicians, patients and physiotherapists) <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PWE-083 Deranged liver function tests are more indicative of choledocholithiasis in cholecystitis than in patients with gall stone pancreatitis
Authors: J Spence, F Iqbal, J Donati-Bourne, R Evans, C Cheruvu, V Rao
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> On table cholangiogram (OTC) is routinely done in patients with deranged liver function tests at the time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the setting of acute cholecystitis to rule out choledocholithiasis. However, its role in patients presenting with gall stone pancreatitis is uncertain. <h3>Method</h3> A prospective longitudinal cohort study including all consecutive patients who underwent emergency cholecystectomy over a six month period in a busy tertiary centre was undertaken. Demographic data, liver function tests (LFT) and OTC findings of patients who presented with cholecystitis and gall stone pancreatitis were analysed. Differences in levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase in two subgroups of patients: cholecystitis and gall stone pancreatitis and their relation to presence or absence of choledocholithiasis on OTC was analysed. Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney test. <h3>Results</h3> 145 patients (Age: 50; range:16–85, M:F = 44:101) were admitted on an emergency basis over a six month period. 116 patients presented with cholecystitis and 29 patients (20%) had gall stone pancreatitis. Of these 29 patients, 24 (82.8%) had OTC at the time of cholecystectomy. At OTC, 13 (54%) had no stones, while 11 (46%) did have stones. There was no significant difference in levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase between CBD stone positive and stone negative patients (Bilirubin: 28 v 22; U(df)=59.00, p = 0.49, Alkaline phosphatase: 211 v 145; U(df)=55.00, p = 0.35, Alanine aminotransferase: 273 v 240; U(df)=63.00, p = 0.64; Mann-Whitney test). Of the 116 patients with cholecystitis, 38 (32.8%) had OTC at the time of cholecystectomy. At OTC, 21 (55.3%) had no stones, while 17 (44.7%) did have stones. There was significant difference in levels of bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase between CBD stone positive and stone negative patients (Bilirubin: 42 v 14; U(df)=34.50, p= &lt;0.0001, Alkaline phosphatase: 275 v 121; U(df)=64.50, p = 0.0009, Alanine aminotransferase: 283 v 50; U(df)=47.50, p = 0.001; Mann-Whitney test). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Deranged LFT in a setting of cholecystitis is more predictive of choledocholithiasis as opposed to gall stone pancreatitis. The passage of stone via CBD triggering gall stone pancreatitis may be responsible for deranged LFT rather than retained CBD stones. Hence it is more important to do OTC in patients with cholecystitis and deranged LFT than in patients with gall stone pancreatitis. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.