tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immunological and Karyological Criteria for Identification of Cell Lines&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Vittorio Defendi, R. E. Billingham, Willys K. Silvers, Paul Moorhead
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

An investigation was made of the possibility of identifying established cell lines in culture, by the following characteristics: (a) morphology, (b) sensitivity to HeLa and MCN nucleoprotein antiserums, (c) mouse transplantation antigen(s) detectable by skin-grafting techniques, (d) sensitivity to polio-myelitis virus, and (e) chromosomal complement. It has been demonstrated that some characteristics, in particular (b), (c), and (e), are highly indicative of the species of origin of a given cell line. Thus the spectrums of action of HeLa and MCN antiserums seem to be related to the human and murine origin of the susceptible cells, respectively. Transplantation antigens may persist in established lines in vitro as evidenced by their ability to sensitize mice against subsequent skin homografts of appropriate genotype. No evidence has been obtained that mice share any important transplantation antigens in common with 4 different mammalian species. Karyological criteria are highly efficient when distinct markers exist or when differential diagnosis is required between species whose diploid idiograms are markedly different. Even though notable variation occurs during establishment of a cell line, the karyological profile, non-telocentric versus telocentric chromosomes, as an indicator of the species of origin remains fairly constant. For cell lines of doubtful origin, identification is most dependable when the various criteria corroborate one another. Eleven cell lines were tested according to these principles. Four cell lines, 3 of stated human origin and 1 of stated rabbit origin, were actually of mouse origin, probably consisting of L cells.
Emergence of a new GII.17 norovirus variant in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Jiangsu, China, September 2014 to March 2015
Authors: J Fu, J Ai, M Jin, C Jiang, J Zhang, C Shi, Q Lin, Z Yuan, X Qi, C Bao, F Tang, Y Zhu
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

From September 2014 to March 2015, 23 outbreaks of norovirus (NoV) acute gastroenteritis occurred in Jiangsu, China. Partial sequencing of the NoV capsid gene suggested that 16 of the 23 outbreaks were related to a new GII.17 variant. This variant was first detected in sporadic specimens in October 2014, and became predominant in February 2015. Analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), and complete capsid including the protruding domain P2 sequences confirmed this GII.17 variant as distinct from previously identified GII variants.
Bringing Order to the Literature of Health Education
Authors: Nicholas E. Davies
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The literature of health education for the public is in disarray. It is jumbled, confused, and untidy. It is an omnium-gatherum of science, pseudoscience, tenuous theory, and unmitigated claptrap. Futhermore, it is ephemeral — made up largely of pamphlets of all sizes, shapes, and descriptions, paperbacks, throwaways, and miscellaneous unclassified and unclassifiable tracts and missives. Worst of all, it has never been organized systematically. The material that is available, much of it excellent, cannot be found easily by the average reader. Like Topsy, the health-education literature just grew. Unlike Little Eva, it will never get to heaven, and certainly not . . .
A link between asthenia, pallor, and jaundice
Authors: João Tavares, Gisela Eugénio, Suzana Calretas, Rui Silva, Rui Santos, Armando Carvalho
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A 45 year old white man presented to the emergency department with progressively worsening weakness and chest discomfort on moderate intensity physical activity over the past two months. He also reported paleness and “yellowish eyes” in the past month. He had a history of anxiety, treated with alprazolam as needed.

At presentation, his vital signs were normal. On physical examination he had mild generalised pallor, scleral icterus, and tender non-painful hepatomegaly.

He was admitted to the internal medicine ward for further evaluation.

Laboratory studies showed haemoglobin 70 g/L (reference range 13-17), mean corpuscular volume 111.5 fL (83-101), haematocrit 19.4% (40-50%), leucocyte count 3.3×109/L (4-10), platelet count 151×109/L (150-450), reticulocyte production index 0.52 (>2), lactate dehydrogenase 1460 U/L (125-220), total bilirubin 35.92 μmol/L (5.13-20.52), direct bilirubin 11.97 μmol/L (1.71-8.55), haptoglobin  12.24). The peripheral blood smear showed macrocytosis and hypersegmented neutrophils.

Antibodies against parietal cells were positive; Coombs test and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies were negative.

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed atrophic gastritis of the body and fundus. Staining for Helicobacter pylori was negative (fig 1⇓). Biopsy confirmed the presence of type A atrophic gastritis with moderate intestinal metaplasia.



Fig 1  Gastric body fragments showing glandular atrophy plus moderate intestinal metaplasia and a moderate mononuclear infiltrate of the lamina propria (haematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification ×100)



1.  What is the most likely diagnosis?

2.  What strategy can primary care practitioners take to reach the diagnosis?

3.  What are the differential diagnoses?

4.  How is this condition managed?

5.  How is this condition followed up?

### 1. What is the most likely diagnosis?

#### Short answer

Pernicious anaemia with intramedullary haemolysis as a result of ineffective erythropoiesis.

#### Discussion

Pernicious anaemia is a macrocytic anaemia caused by vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency, as a consequence of an intrinsic factor …
Pentoxifylline Promotes Replication of Human Cytomegalovirus In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Kerstin Staak, Susanna Prösch, Joachim Stein, Christina Priemer, Ralf Ewert, Wolf-Dietrich Döcke, Detlev H. Krüger, Hans Dieter Volk, Petra Reinke
Journal: Blood (1997)
A comparison of two iatrogenic dyskinesias
Authors: C N Karson, D V Jeste, P A LeWitt, R J Wyatt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors compared the regions of motor involvement in levodopa-induced dyskinesia and neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Significantly more patients with tardive dyskinesia than parkinsonian patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesia had lip and tongue movements. Patients with tardive dyskinesia had significantly higher mean AIMS scores in the orofacial region than parkinsonian patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesia. More patients with levodopa-induced dyskinesia than those with tardive dyskinesia demonstrated hyperkinesia in the lower extremities. Limb and truncal movements in levodopa-induced dyskinesia were worse in patients with more severe parkinsonism and correlated positively with the length of Parkinson's disease. These findings suggest that these dyskinesias may involve different pathophysiological mechanisms.
THU0229 Ten Year Follow up of Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients Treated with TNF Alpha Inhibiting Treatment in Daily Practice
Authors: T. Rusman, S. ten Wolde, S.M. Euser, T. van der Ploeg, O. van Hall, I.E. van der Horst-Bruinsma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To determine adverse events and treatment survival of TNF alpha inhibiting treatment in ankylosing spondylitis patients in a large peripheral hospital in daily practice and compare these results with data of other studies (1-3). <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective study design was conducted where data of user characteristics of ankylosing spondylitis patients treated with etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab in the period of January 2004 until January 2014 in the Kennemer Gasthuis were collected. Statistical analyses were performed with Kaplan Meijer survival curves to describe the drug survival and occurrence of adverse events in time. <h3>Results</h3> In total 128 ankylosing spondylitis patients were included with 148 treatment episodes (defined as time on drug) over a 10 year time period. The mean treatment duration was 48 months (range 41.4- 54.6 months). Overall, 21% of the patients stopped the TNF alpha inhibitor after a mean period of 15 months, mainly due to inefficacy (53.7%). Only 6 patients stopped because of infections (mild) and no patients had malignancies. Females had a higher change (26%) of developing infections compared to males (19%). Patients using NSAIDs as co-medication developed infections in 41.7% of the 36 cases. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Over a 10 year period nearly 80% of the patients treated with TNF alpha inhibitors continued with an average duration of 48 months per drug. The most important stop reason was inefficacy. Only 6 patients stopped because of (mild) infections and no malignancies were found. Interestingly, patients using NSAIDs as co-medication developed more often infections than patients without NSAIDs and women developed more often infections than males. <h3>References</h3> Glintborg B, Østergaard et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2010. Dreyer L et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. Hellgren K et al. Arth &amp; Rheum. 2014. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SAT0365 Inflammation and Calcium Supplementation Increase the Risk of Death in Patients with RA: A 15-Year Longitudinal Study in 609 Patients from the Oslo RA Register:
Authors: S.A. Provan, I.C. Olsen, C. Austad, T.T. Kvien, T. Uhlig
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Disease activity and inflammation are established predictors of increased mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether osteoporosis and use of calcium supplementationswere associated with death from cardiovascular disease in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients in the Oslo RA register (ORAR) were examined and BMD measured in 1996. Biomarkers were analysed consecutively. A trained study-nurse recorded patient medication and assessed 28-tender and 28-swollen joint counts. Disease activity was calculated as DAS28. The cohort was linked to the Norwegian Cause of Death registry on Dec 31st, 2010, and we examined all-cause mortality as well as death from cardiovascular disease (Primary cause of death: Acute myocardial infarction, angina, atherosclerotic heart disease, hypertension, cerebral infarction, heart failure or stroke) We analysed all-cause mortality and death from CVD as endpoints in separate Cox regression models with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Initially, baseline variables were analysed separately, adjusted for age and sex. Variables with a p-value of ≤0.1 were then included into a multivariable model and further excluded using backwards selection with a cut-of p-value of 0.05. Robustness of the final model was assessed by re-entering excluded variables. <h3>Results</h3> 609 patients, mean 53.6 years (range 20-70) were examined in 1996/1997. During the period of observation 162 patients had died, while 447 were still alive at time of censoring, 7414 observed patient-years. In 43 (7%) patients CVD was the primary cause of death. Results from the univariate analyses in are presented in the table. In the final multivariate model of all-cause mortality; increased baseline ESR (HR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01-1.03 p&lt;0.001), calcium supplementation (1.68, 1.07-2.62 p=0.02) and osteoporosis (1.56,1.07-2.29 p=0.02) remained associated with higher mortality. In the final multivariate model of death from CVD; increased ESR (1.03, 1.01-1.04 p&lt;0.001) and calcium supplementation (3.03, 1.49-6.15 p=0.002) remained associated with higher mortality. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Increased baseline inflammation and calcium supplementation were associated with increased all-cause mortality and risk of primary atherosclerotic death in this longitudinal study of a representative cohort of RA patients. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Renal Transplantation
Authors: Ronald D. Guttmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

RENAL transplantation and dialysis are in wide use for the treatment of chronic renal failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD). By 1984, more than 55,000 patients in the United States will be on dialysis treatment for ESRD, with over 5200 likely to receive transplants. Medical services alone for these patients will cost over $3 billion in 1984.1 Similar estimates are likely, on the basis of current treatment statistics, for Canada2 and Europe.3In spite of an enormous expenditure of funds and human resources on treating relatively few patients, the two major therapies have never been given a valid comparative therapeutic . . .
PTH-181 Eosinophilic oesophagitis in the uk is not associated with a diminution in quality of life
Authors: R Hewett, C Alexakis, A Farmer, J Ainley, V Chhaya, A Poullis, J-Y Kang
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) represents a chronic, immune-mediated oesophageal disease characterised clinically by symptoms related to oesophageal dysfunction and histologically by eosinophil-predominant inflammation. The incidence and prevalence of EoE are increasing and it tends to affect young male patients. Studies assessing of quality of life (QoL) in EoE outside the UK have conflicting results and QoL in the UK has not previously been assessed <h3>Method</h3> Patients with EoE were asked via post to complete the Short Form (36) Health Survey (SF-36) which is a patient-reported survey of patient health. SF-36 is a short questionnaire with 36 items which measure eight multi-item variables: physical functioning (PF), role limitations due to physical problems (RP), pain (BP), general perception of health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role limitations due to emotional problems (RE) and mental health (MH). Patients also completed the Hospital odynophagia, dysphagia questionnaire (HODQ) (scored 0–50) and information on age, gender, comorbidity and medication use was also collected. A similar number of age and gender matched controls were also recruited <h3>Results</h3> The patient response rate was 56%. 35 patients and 35 age and gender matched controls were recruited to the study (48 male, median age 39 years, range 17–68). Patients had a higher dysphagia score (7.25 +/- 5.6 vs. 0.34 +/- 1, <i>p &lt; </i>0.0001). There was no differences in PF (<i>p = 0</i>.35), RP (<i>p = 0</i>.24), BP (<i>p = 0</i>.2), GH (<i>p = 0</i>.07), VT (<i>p = 0</i>.18), SF (<i>p = 0</i>.17), RE (<i>p = 0</i>.06) and MH (<i>p = 0</i>.06). Multivariate logistic regression, controlling for age and gender, demonstrated that patients had higher rates of hay fever (odds ratio (OR) 4.3, Z=2.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14–16.5, <i>p = 0</i>.03), antihistamine use (OR 25.5, Z=2.9 95% CI 2.9–217, <i>p = 0</i>.003), proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use (OR 6.4, Z=2, 95% CI 1.1–37, <i>p = 0</i>.04) but not asthma or eczema <h3>Conclusion</h3> EoE is associated with higher rates of dysphagia and hay fever, but not asthma or eczema. EoE patients are more likely to use antihistamines or PPIs. PPIs are known to improve symptoms and histological inflammation in a sub set of EoE patients. EoE is not associated with a reduction in generic measures of quality of life. Further work is warranted to elucidate if treating EoE is also able to improve QoL <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Active Immunizations
Authors: John S. Taub, Robert J. Haggerty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

THE basic principles of active immunization and most of the standard agents have been known for several years; yet there are continuing large gaps in the public's level of immunity.1 The need seems to be less for concern over the precise details of schedules, which should be flexible enough to meet special needs, than to be certain that every person receives and maintains adequate immunity throughout life. An excellent guide is available for details of dosage and timing of active immunizations.2 This review will be concerned primarily with routine immunizations.General PrinciplesInfants born to adequately immunized mothers receive passive . . .
DNA Synthesis and Thymidine Kinase Activity of Rat Colon Epithelial Cells Fractionated by Discontinuous Ficoll Gradient: Brief Communication 2
Authors: A. Mazumder, R. N. Patnaik, B. S. Bhagavan, P. P. Nair
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article DNA Synthesis and Thymidine Kinase Activity of Rat Colon Epithelial Cells Fractionated by Discontinuous Ficoll Gradient: Brief Communication Get access A. Mazumder, A. Mazumder 3Department of Medicine, Biochemistry Research Division, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc., Baltimore, Md. 21215 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. N. Patnaik, R. N. Patnaik 3Department of Medicine, Biochemistry Research Division, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc., Baltimore, Md. 21215 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. S. Bhagavan, B. S. Bhagavan 4Department of Pathology, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. P. Nair P. P. Nair 5 3Department of Medicine, Biochemistry Research Division, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Inc., Baltimore, Md. 21215 5Address reprint requests to Dr. Nair. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 4, April 1978, Pages 915–918, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.4.915 Published: 01 April 1978 Article history Received: 26 July 1977 Accepted: 17 November 1977 Published: 01 April 1978
REPAIR OF PERIPHERAL NERVES
Authors: F Ortiz Monasterio, A Serrano Rebeil, G Barrera, L Tena
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Uterine Cancer in Connecticut: Late Deaths Among 5-Year Survivors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: John C. Bailar, III
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Long-term survival of 3,173 patients with cancer of the uterine cervix and 2,394 patients with cancer of the uterine corpus is compared with survival in the general population to get relative rates. Ratios of observed-to-expected survival rates, called relative survival rates, are given for periods up to 20 years after diagnosis and are analyzed with respect to age at diagnosis, stage of disease, treatment, and other variables. For each site, relative survival rates were low at first but rose to about 97 percent per year after 5 years and showed no further improvement. The effects of age and stage on relative survival rates were small after the first few years. After the 5th year, relative survival of patients with cervical tumors was the same whether the original treatment was radiation, surgery, or radiation plus surgery. The group of corpus-cancer patients treated with surgery and the group treated with radiation plus surgery had survival rates only moderately below the expected values. However, for the group treated with radiation alone, survival rates were significantly below expected levels for at least 20 years. In all treatment groups and for both sites, excess mortality was partly due to late recurrences of uterine cancer. The continuing high mortality of women with corpus tumors treated only by radiation appears to be partly due to the selection of more favorable patients for surgery, but the data suggest the existence of other factors. Whatever the explanation may be, patients with endometrial cancers treated solely with radiation are subject to a substantially greater risk of late recurrence than patients treated surgically.
CASE REPORTS
Authors: WALLIS L. CRADDOCK, HOWARD P. GILBERT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

1. A case of transient auricular fibrillation in the use of electroconvulsive therapy is presented. 2. Electrocardiograms were taken prior to the electroconvulsive therapy and during the clinical manifestations of the fibrillation. An electrocardiogram was repeated 4 months after the auricular fibrillation occurred. Evidence of permanent cardiac involvement has been persistently negative. 3. A review of the literature has failed to reveal auricular fibrillation as a complication of electroconvulsive therapy.