tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1747: Biochanin A overcomes gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Vikas Bhardwaj, James C.K. Lai, Alok Bhushan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Drug resistance is one of the major reasons for failure of chemotherapy and high mortality rate in pancreatic cancer. Gemcitabine (GEM) and 5-fluorouracil are two drugs which have shown to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients but intrinsic or acquired characteristics make this cancer resistant to these drugs. Previously, we have observed that biochanin A (bioA) effectively reduces the survival, signaling and progression of pancreatic cancer cells. In this study, we aim at determining the effect of bioA on drug resistant pancreatic cancer cells. To test our hypothesis, first we compared three pancreatic cancer cells line: Panc1, MiaPaCa2 and AsPC1 for their sensitivity to gemcitabine and protein expressions. We found that Panc1 cells are highly resistant to GEM with IC50 of 75µM while the same for MiaPaCa2 and AsPC1 cells was 0.04µM. Our western blot data show that the levels of NFkappaB, EGFR and CD133 were higher in Panc1 cells compared to other two cell lines suggesting the role of these factors in imparting drug resistant characteristics to pancreatic cancer cells. Our cell survival studies show that bioA is more effective in reducing the survival of Panc1 cells compared to the other two cell lines. Next, we selected GEM resistant cells (AsPC/G) by continuously exposing AsPC1 cells with increasing concentration of GEM. We generated a GEM resistant cell line that was 20-fold resistant to GEM compared to the parent cell line. AsPC/G cells had higher colony formation ability and in vivo tumorigenicity compared to the parent cells. Also, the expression of p-EGFR, NFκB, p-Akt and EMT markers were upregulated in AsPC/G cell compared to AsPC1 cells. We found that bioA was more cytotoxic to AsPC/G cells compared to AsPC1 cells suggesting that bioA affects the molecular mechanisms which impart drug resistant characteristics. To further understand this phenomenon, we analyzed the molecular mechanisms affected by bioA. We observed that bioA reduces the levels of p-EGFR, p-Akt and NFκB in AsPC1 cells. Upregulation of these proteins is known to impart drug resistant characteristics to pancreatic cancer cells; therefore, by inhibiting them, bioA reduces the survival of GEM resistant pancreatic cancer cells. Our study concludes that bioA reduces the survival of GEM resistant pancreatic cancer cells and a treatment regimen with bioA may improve the outcome of chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1747. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1747
Rising Breast Cancer Rates Fueled by Better Detection
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Rising Breast Cancer Rates Fueled by Better Detection Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 4, 17 February 1993, Pages 264–265, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.4.264 Published: 17 February 1993
Fatal biliary-pulmonary fistula due to a proximally migrating biliary stent
Authors: J. Antonsen, L. Preisler, U. Skram, M. Klein
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Biliary stent migration occurs in approximately 6 % of patients, with the stent migrating proximally in half of cases [1] [2]. Endoscopic retrieval of the proximally migrated stent can be problematic; however, good success rates are achievable [3].
Abstract 2898: Inhibition of heat shock protein 90 through HSP990 causes cell cycle arrest, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in glioblastoma tumors
Authors: Meena Shrivastav, Jamie Ostrem, Mark M. Schroeder, Brett L. Carlson, Jann N. Sarkaria
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Heat shock protein (HSP) 90 is a molecular chaperone that modulates stability of several client proteins, many of which are key regulators of signaling pathways in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The potential for simultaneously targeting multiple effectors makes HSP90 an appealing therapeutic target. Here, we evaluated the biological activity of HSP990, a novel HSP90 inhibitor (Novartis Pharma AG) in a panel of adult glioma primary xenograft lines (n=15). HSP990 treatment resulted in a dose-dependent growth inhibition with IC50 values in the low nM range in each of the primary lines. HSP990 caused G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-induction within 72 hours of treatment. In addition, treatment with HSP990 resulted in up-regulation of HSP70, and decrease in activity of client proteins AKT, CDC2, CDC25C and activation of caspase 8 and 3, in tested cell lines. A range of sensitivity based on EGFR status was observed. EGFR-amplified cells showed depletion of client proteins and growth inhibition at lower dose of HSP990 (10nM) than wildtype EGFR cells (30nM). Furthermore, neurosphere formation assays revealed that HSP990 was effective against the growth of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) in 6 tested glioblastoma xenograft lines (IC50 less than 10nM).These results suggest that that both cell cycle effects and induction of apoptosis are mechanisms governing HSP990 activity against glioblastoma. Further studies are warranted to characterize the mechanisms by which HSP990 exerts its anti-glioma effects which in turn may provide valuable insights in developing HSP990 as a novel personalized GBM treatment based on specific molecular signatures. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2898. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2898
A Mimic of Intra-abdominal Malignancy
Authors: Te-Chun Hsieh, Shung-Shung Sun, Chen-Yuan Lin, Yu-Chin Wu, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

Urachal remnant anomalies are rare, and vesicourachal diverticulum is the most uncommon subtype of these anomalies. We present such a rare case of vesicourachal diverticulum that is incidentally discovered during the staging surveillance of a known esophageal cancer with F-FDG PET/CT. The physiological urinary excretion of radiopharmaceutical in the vesicourachal diverticulum mimics intra-abdominal malignancy, which resolves spontaneously in the follow-up FDG PET/CT.
P420 GALLIC ACID HAS ANTIVIRAL EFFECT AGAINST HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV), WHICH IS MEDIATED BY ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Authors: M. Govea Salas, A.M. Rivas Estilla, J.A. Morlett Chávez, S.A. Lozano Sepúlveda, R. Rodríguez Herrera, C.N. Aguilar González
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Gastric outlet obstruction caused by intramural duodenal pseudocysts in a young man with acute pancreatitis
Authors: Narendra Choudhary, Rajesh Puri, Randhir Sud
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 25-year-old man presented with abdominal pain. He was diagnosed as having gallstone-induced acute pancreatitis. He improved in a few days and was discharged, but was readmitted 1 month later with a history of recurrent vomiting. An abdominal ultrasound was negative for any collection. A gastroscopy was performed and showed thickened duodenal walls in the second part of the duodenum with luminal narrowing ([Fig. 1]). Endoscopic ultrasound was carried out and showed two intramural cysts in the duodenal wall ([Fig. 2]) and heterogeneous pancreatic parenchyma. These cysts were aspirated, and fluid amylase was 31 766 U/L confirming a diagnosis of intramural pseudocyst secondary to an earlier episode of acute pancreatitis. The patient improved after aspiration of the cysts and there was no recurrence of symptoms at 3-month follow-up.
SAT0092 Determinants of Perceived Risk of Work Disability in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Authors: T. Sokka, K. Puolakka, T. Rannio, J. Asikainen, H. Kautiainen, P. Hannonen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Current treatment options and timely care should ensure patients with RA to lead normal life including full ability to continue in work force. However, in a multinational review of patients in usual rheumatology care, third of those who were diagnosed with RA in early 2000's became work disabled within 5 years. Therefore, discrepancy between improved treatment options for RA and patient's tendency to fall out of work force still requires attention. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study patient self-assessed risk of work disability and factors that may be associated with it. <h3>Methods</h3> From Sept 2012 through Jan 2013, patients with RA completed a questionnaire which queried physical load and psychological stress associated with their work on a numeric scale (0-10) and whether they felt they might lose their working ability (yes, no). Questionnaire data were analyzed together with the clinical database including demographic and clinical variables, medications, and patient self reported outcomes. Multivariate logistic regression was performed for patient self-perceived risk of work disability. <h3>Results</h3> Over a 4-month period, 778 patients with RA had an outpatient visit including 480 who were at "working age" of 18-65 years. Among the 480, 137(29%) were not in work force due to age- or disability-related pension. Among 343(mean age 48, disease duration 8years, 70%females 72%RF/CCP+) in work force, 201(59%) completed the questionnaire. Among 201 respondents, 51(25%) reported perceived risk of work disability including 36(22%) of 167 patients who were full/part time working, 4(29%) of 14 jobseekers/unemployed patients and 11(55%) of 20 patients who were on sick leave or rehabilitation As sick leave/rehabilitation is a strong predictor of work disability, following analyses included 181 patients who were working or unemployed. Patients who perceived/did not perceive risk of work disability were comparable in all variables (Table1) except HAQ, work-related physical load and psychological stress. In multivariate regression analysis (including variables in Table1), only the three variables were independently associated with perceived risk of work disability: Odds Ratio with 95%CI HAQ 6.1(2.5 to 15), psychological stress 1.3 (1.1 to 1.6), and physical work load 1.2(1.0 to 1.4) (area under ROC curve=0.85). Furthermore, DAS28_esr3&lt;2.6 (remission) was met by 78% of patients regardless of perceived risk of work disability. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Perceived function and psychological factors rather than disease activity are determinants of perceived risk of work disability in employed and jobseeker patients with RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 2081: The unfolded protein response relieves stress in tumor cells by stimulating angiogenesis
Authors: Yugang Wang, Yu Ning, Goleeta Alam, Fernanda Visioli, Jacques E. Nör, Peter J. Polverini
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Abstract: During the avascular phase, tumor size is limited to 1-2 mm in diameter. When tumors exceed this size, the high stress imposed by limited glucose and oxygen in the microenvironment induces the unfolded protein response (UPR). Previous studies have shown that the UPR can promote survival, or activate apoptosis when there is prolonged or severe stress. Recent studies have suggested a role for the UPR in angiogenesis. However, the mechanism of UPR-regulated angiogenesis has not been extensively investigated. We hypothesize that tumor cells relieve stress caused by nutrient and oxygen deprivation by stimulating blood vessel growth via UPR-mediated induction of angiogenesis. To address this hypothesis, a human squamous cell carcinoma line, UM-SCC-81B, was subjected to glucose deprivation and mRNA array was used to evaluate expression of UPR proteins and angiogenesis mediators. This study revealed an increase in expression of several UPR proteins (Grp78, DDIT3, ATF3, ATF4, ATF6) ranging from 2 to 20-fold after 24 hours of glucose deprivation (0.1 mM glucose), and a 4.43, 3.06 and 2.59-fold increase in the expression of the pro-angiogenic VEGF, FGF2 and IL-6, respectively. Western blot, ELISA and q-PCR were used to verify these results. Western blot analysis showed a significant increase of Grp78 and DDIT3 protein expression. ELISA experiments revealed that after 24 hours of glucose deprivation, VEGF levels increased 3 folds as compared to the non-treated control, and that FGF2 and IL-6 were also upregulated (p &amp;lt; 0.05). q-PCR results further revealed that UPR markers (Grp78, DDIT3, ATF4) and angiogenesis mediators (VEGF, FGF2, IL-6) increased significantly (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Four other tumor cell lines (i.e. U87, glioma; MCF7, breast cancer; UM-SCC 11B and UM-SCC 17B, head and neck squamous carcinomas) were examined to determine the cell-type specificity of these responses. In all tumor cell lines examined, the upregulation of UPR proteins was associated with a significant increase in VEGF expression (p &amp;lt; 0.05). In conclusion, the UPR response is associated with the upregulation of critical pro-angiogenic factors in tumor cell lines. These data strongly suggest that targeting pathways involved in UPR regulation of angiogenesis is a promising strategy in combination with other conventional cancer therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2081. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2081
Abstract 1273: Involvement of PKCδ and NOX4 in reactive oxygen species-mediated tumor resistance to TRAIL-induced cell death
Authors: Kyungsun Choi, Seungwook Ryu, Seungjeong Song, Hyosook Choi, Chulhee Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), a member of the TNF family of cytokines, causes apoptosis by caspase activation in various cell types, particularly in transformed cells. Numerous types of tumors are relatively resistant to TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity; however, the reasons for this are not yet fully understood. We report here a new signal transduction pathway involving protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ), NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), that inhibits caspase-dependent cell death induced by TRAIL ligation in human malignant astrocytoma cells. In our experiments, TRAIL ligation-induced generation of intracellular ROS through caspase-dependent proteolytic activation of PKCδ and subsequent activation of the NOX4 complex. Suppression of intracellular ROS induction using various pharmacological inhibitors or PKCδ- or NOX4-specific RNA interference enhanced the enzymatic activity of caspase-3 by blocking the oxidative modification of its catalytic cysteine residue, resulting in marked augmentation of TRAIL-mediated cell death. In addition, combined treatment with ROS scavengers enhanced TRAIL-induced cytotoxicity in an experimental tumor model. These results collectively indicate that TRAIL-induced activation of PKCδ and NOX4 can modulate TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by promoting oxidative modification of active caspase-3 in a negative-feedback manner. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1273.
The Effect of Dietary Protein on the Clearance of Allopurinol and Oxypurinol
Authors: William G. Berlinger, Glen D. Park, Reynold Spector
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

A decrease in dietary protein is known to depress renal plasma flow and creatinine clearance. Using a randomized crossover design, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of allopurinol and its principal metabolite, oxypurinol, after oral administration of 600 mg of allopurinol in six normal subjects receiving a high-protein (268 g per day) or low-protein (19 g per day) diet. For allopurinol, the area under the curve of plasma concentration versus time increased by a factor of 1.45 (P less than 0.02), the renal clearance decreased by 28 per cent (P less than 0.02), and the ratio of the clearance of allopurinol to that of creatinine (fractional excretion) was unchanged between the low-protein and high-protein diets. For oxypurinol, the area under the curve increased nearly three-fold (P less than 0.02), the renal clearance decreased by 64 per cent (P less than 0.02), the fractional excretion decreased by 49 per cent (P less than 0.02), and the plasma oxypurinol half-life increased nearly threefold from 17.3 +/- 1.5 (mean +/- S.E.M.) to 49.9 +/- 2.9 hours (P less than 0.02) during the low-protein diet, as compared with the high-protein diet. We conclude that with the low-protein diet, the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of allopurinol were minimally altered but the total-body clearance of oxypurinol was greatly reduced because of a large increase in the net renal tubular reabsorption of oxypurinol.
The ability of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging to predict actual pathologic tumor size in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer.
Authors: L Vallow, S Mclaughlin, S Hines, M McDonough, X Geiger, S Christopher
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4018 Background: Preoperative breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to identify occult breast disease in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. We sought to determine the accuracy of MRI in predicting the actual pathologic tumor size in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; Methods: Preoperative breast MRI was reviewed in 460 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer. The size in terms of maximum tumor dimension, of 476 incident breast cancers on MRI were recorded and correlated with the actual pathologic size upon surgical resection. The correlation of size from MRI to pathology was determined. The size discrepancy was analyzed in relation to tumor size and histology.&amp;#x2028; Results: MRI demonstrated 476 breast cancers (460 in the ipsilateral breast and 16 with concurrent contralateral breast cancer). Median age was 62 with a range of 25 to 91. The T stages of the population included T0 in 19% of the women, 60% had T1 lesions, 18% had T2 lesions and 3% were T3 or T4. The histology consisted of DCIS alone in 20%, infiltrating ductal in 74% and infiltrating lobular in 6%. Pre-operative MRI was unable to define an enhancing lesion usually due to hematoma following core needle biopsy in 9.8% (47/476). MRI described the size of the incident lesion in 90% (429/476). The mean difference in size between the preoperative MRI and the actual pathologic size for the entire group was 2.4 mm. MRI underestimated tumor size in only 3% of cases. The mean difference according to T stage and histology between MRI and actual pathologic size is listed in Table 1. The percentage of difference between MRI size and pathologic size for the entire group is presented in Table 2.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Discussion: The mean difference in tumor size estimated by preoperative MRI in women with newly diagnosed breast cancer was within 5 mm of the actual pathologic size in 68% of patients. MRI was accurate in predicting T stage with no significant difference in relation to histology or T stage. This analysis further clarifies the role of preoperative MRI in surgical and treatment planning. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4018.
Human Herpesvirus-6 Infection in Children -- A Prospective Study of Complications and Reactivation
Authors: Caroline Breese Hall, Christine E. Long, Kenneth C. Schnabel, Mary T. Caserta, Kim M. McIntyre, Maria A. Costanzo, Anne Knott, Stephen Dewhurst, Richard A. Insel, Leon G. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Infection with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is nearly universal in infancy or early childhood. However, the course of this infection, its complications, and its potential for persistence or reactivation remain unclear.
Combined Use of Leg Scanning and Impedance Plethysmography in Suspected Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Russell Hull, Jack Hirsh, David L. Sackett, Peter Powers, Alexander G. G. Turpie, Irwin Walker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Venography is the standard method for the diagnosis of venous thrombosis but is invasive and may cause discomfort. We evaluated the combination of impedance plethysmography and 125I-fibrinogen leg scanning as an alternative to venography in 200 symptomatic patients. One or both of these less invasive tests was positive in 81 of 86 patients with positive venograms (sensitivity of 94 per cent) and both were negative in 104 of 114 patients with negative venograms (specificity of 91 per cent). These two tests detected all 60 patients with popliteal or more proximal venous thrombosis and 21 of 26 patients with calf-vein thrombosis. In addition, this approach detected 21 of 22 patients with calf-vein thrombosis with symptoms for eight days or less. These results suggest that the combination of these two less invasive tests can be used as an alternative to venography in selected patients with clinically suspected venous thrombosis.
291P Diffuse large B cell lymphoma in the elderly - an Indian perspective
Authors: S.C. Saldanha, K. Lakshmaiah, D. Lokanatha, G. Babu, S. Babu, L.A. Jacob, K. Lokesh, A. Rudresh, S. Vishwanath, L.K. Rajeev, P. Kiran
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)