tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Soundings: Brava at Fountains
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In August, during the heatwave, we went to our first open air opera. We had no idea what to expect. We had heard about Aida at Verona but this was La Boheme in Yorkshire. Would we be convinced that Mimi's tiny hand was frozen?

Fountains Abbey is a long way from a Parisian garret, but the opera's underlying theme, tuberculosis, was closer to home. In Haworth, a few miles away, Patrick Bronte had lost three of his children to consumption in a single year. Anne, Bramwell, and Emily were 29, 30, and 31 respectively. It must have been unbearable.

That was in 1849, the year that Henri Murger's novel, Scenes de la Vie de Boheme, was published. When Puccini adapted it for his opera nearly 50 years later, Mycobacterium tuberculosis had been identified, but effective drugs did not appear until my lifetime.

I was two years old when George Orwell died and as a child I remember people lowering their voices when mentioning “TB.”

“In case of wet weather the event will go ahead,” said the tickets, and sure enough there were canopies over the little stage and grand piano. And no microphones.

One audience member arrived in black tie, which he hastily removed, but most of us dressed for the dales. This, I realised, was Glastonbury for grown ups.

Everyone turned up early with a picnic. Most brought folding chairs and some had tables and tablecloths. Those of us with rugs were ushered to a groundsheet at the front.

Trying to look cool, I realised that I am no longer capable of lying down, drinking cava, looking up at the stage, and keeping control of my Scotch egg all at the same time. So it's chairs for us in future.

As the sun set, the walls of the famous ruin were picked out by floodlights and the grassy amphitheatre was dotted with the audience's lanterns. In the distance a baritone was warming up. An owl screeched in the nearby woods.

A page turner appeared and then a pianist in full evening dress. The small company, Opera Brava, was indeed totally convincing. Mimi sang her heart out and as she died in Rodolfo's arms, tears were running down my cheeks. Were they for her, the Brontes, Orwell, or victims everywhere? Hey, man, no. It was the music.
THU0311 Biological Stress Systems, Adverse Life Events and Persistence of Chronic Multi-Site Musculoskeletal Pain Across a Six-Year Follow-Up
Authors: E. Generaal, N. Vogelzangs, G.J. Macfarlane, R. Geenen, E. de Geus, J.H. Smit, J. Dekker, B.W. Penninx
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Dysfunction of biological stress systems and adverse life events, both independently and in interaction, have been hypothesized to predict chronic pain persistence, but longitudinal evidence is currently lacking. <h3>Objectives</h3> We examined whether (i) function of biological stress systems, (ii) adverse life events, and (iii) their combination predict the persistence of chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain. <h3>Methods</h3> 665 subjects of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) with chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain at baseline were followed-up 2, 4 and 6 years later. The Chronic pain Grade Questionnaire was used to determine recovery and persistence of chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain. Baseline assessment of biological stress systems included function of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis (1-h cortisol awakening response, evening level and post-dexamethasone level), the immune system (IMS; basal and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory markers), the autonomic nervous system (ANS; heart rate, pre-ejection period, standard deviation of the normal-to-normal interval, respiratory sinus arrhythmia). The number of adverse life events were assessed at baseline and 2-year follow-up using the List of Threatening Events Questionnaire. <h3>Results</h3> Function of the HPA-axis, IMS and ANS and adverse life events were not associated with the persistence of chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain, either as a main effect or in interaction. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This longitudinal study could not confirm that altered biological stress systems functioning and adverse life events increase the risk of chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain persistence. This suggests these two suspects do not hamper recovery once subjects have been sensitized to chronic multi-site musculoskeletal pain. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SP0167 EMA and EULAR: Can We Combine Our Efforts in a More Efficient Way; What the Future Holds?
Authors: R. Veselý
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

The European Medicines Agency is a decentralised agency of the European Union, located in London. The Agency is responsible for the scientific evaluation of medicines developed by pharmaceutical companies for use in the European Union. It began operating in 1995. The mission of the European Medicines Agency is to foster scientific excellence in the evaluation and supervision of medicines, for the benefit of public and animal health. The Agency is responsible for the scientific evaluation of applications for European Union (EU) marketing authorisations for human and veterinary medicines in the centralised procedure. Among other tasks the Agency plays a role in stimulating innovation and research in the pharmaceutical sector: –it gives scientific advice to companies on the development of new medicines; –it publishes guidelines on the requirements for the quality, safety and efficacy testing of medicines; –it provides special assistance to micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) through its SME office; –it issues opinions on for medicines for rare diseases. Contacts between EULAR and EMA have been developed on several levels (CHMP, RIWP, PDCO); on both individual members9 and institutional level; for different EMA activities, i.e. –Regular attendance of European regulators at the annual EULAR congress and other EULAR events –Engagement in the context of the development of the Lupus guideline: session at EULAR 2013 in Madrid introducing the draft guideline. However, mutually beneficial interaction has not been used to its full potential. Transparent interaction with all stakeholders including health care professionals, patient organisations, learned societies and academia in general are among our priorities in order to use state-of-art knowledge and expertise in the field in our evaluations and recommendations and to support research and innovation to stimulate the development of better medicines. We value the contribution of our partners and stakeholders to our work. The opportunities for further expansion of EMA/EULAR collaboration will be discussed. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Amyloid Imaging With 11C-PIB in Patients With Cognitive Impairment in a Clinical Setting
Authors: Julio F. Jiménez-Bonilla, Ignacio Banzo, María De Arcocha-Torres, Remedios Quirce, Isabel Martínez-Rodríguez, Pascual Sánchez-Juan, José M. Carril
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

The aim of this study was to evaluate amyloid imaging with 11C-PIB PET/CT in the study of cognitive impairment in a clinical setting.The study included 64 patients, with a mean age of 65 years, classified as subjective memory complaints (SMCs; n = 8), nonamnestic mild cognitive impairment (NA-MCI; n = 10), amnestic MCI (A-MCI; n = 19), prodromal Alzheimer disease (AD; n = 12), suspicion of frontotemporal dementia (n = 8), Lewy bodies dementia (DLB; n = 2), and cortical degeneration (CD; n = 5). Ten healthy controls (HCs), with a mean age of 59 years, were also included. 11C-PIB was acquired 60 minutes after IV injection of 555 MBq 11C-PIB. A visual and semiquantitative analysis was performed.In HC, 11C-PIB was negative in 9 and positive in 1. Of the 64 patients, 11C-PIB was negative in 27 (42%) and positive in 37 (58%). 11C-PIB was positive in 3 of 8 SMC, in none of 10 NA-MCI, in 14 of 19 A-MCI, in 10 of 12 prodromal AD, in 3 of 8 frontotemporal dementia, and in the 2 and 5 DLB and CD patients. The semiquantitative results in terms of mean global SUV ratio were 1.13 for HC, 1.36 for SMC, 1.07 for NA-MCI, 2.01 for A-MCI, 2.37 for prodromal AD, 2.75 for DLB, and 2.44 for CD.In a clinical setting, 11C-PIB scan had a relevant contribution on patients with cognitive impairment, excluding AD in a high proportion of MCI patients and differentiating AD from other dementias. In A-MCI, 11C-PIB revealed β-amyloid deposit in 74%, whereas it was negative in all NA-MCI patients.
Hepatitis A vaccination policy for travellers to Egypt in eight European countries, 2004
Authors: M Ward, K Borgen, A Mazick, M Muehlen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

In 2004, an outbreak of hepatitis A occurred in European tourists returning from Egypt. The reported hepatitis A attack rates varied considerably between tourists from different European countries. To determine the reason for this divergence in attack rates, a survey was undertaken with the following objectives: (a) documentation of national hepatitis A prevention policies for people travelling to Egypt and (b) documentation of hepatitis A reporting practices in these countries. A questionnaire was compiled and distributed to 13 European countries. All eight of the countries that responded had produced guidelines for the prevention of travel-associated hepatitis A. Between 2001-2003, 40% (range 4-51) of hepatitis A cases reported annually were associated with travel abroad. This occurred despite the fact that all countries recommended active vaccination with hepatitis A vaccine for people travelling to Egypt for holidays. There was no standard case definition for reporting confirmed cases in the countries that reported hepatitis A cases. As it is likely that travel-associated infections will increase as more people take overseas holidays, innovative ways to increase the number of travellers who seek and adhere to appropriate medical advice prior to travel must be explored. In addition, we recommend the use of the European Commission case definition for notification of confirmed cases of hepatitis A.
THU0576 Reduction in Adverse Events to Biological Therapy in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis After the Implementation of One Educational Strategy for Patients and Physicians and a Scheme of Infection Risk Prevention
Authors: P. Santos-Moreno, G. Saavedra-Martinez, L. Villarreal, D. Gomez, J. Bello-Gualtero, V. Giraldo, P. Martinez, A. Sanchez, M. Sanchez, E. Uribe, M. Boon, F. Salas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Pharmacovigilance is a key medicine safety aspect, which is an important principle of patient care and a critical component of quality management. Improving it requires a comprehensive approach, a task that affects the operation of the whole system; therefore it is essential to implement educational strategies targeted to health personnel and patients themselves, in order to timely intervene in the presence of adverse events (AE) to medicines. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to describe and compare the record of adverse events between the periods (2011, 2012, 2013 years) and after implementation (2014) of educational strategies focused on prevention of adverse events and the implementation of a prevention scheme of infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were receiving biological therapy <h3>Methods</h3> In 2011 a low level of reporting of adverse events compared with literature was observed, so in early 2012 at our rheumatology center we began to conduct educational seminars for groups of patients and health personnel involved in the processing of reports of adverse events in order to improve reports. In late 2013 a scheme to prevent risk of infection in RA patients with recommendations on vaccination and care of immunosuppressed patients according to the type of therapy was implemented. A review and analysis of reports of adverse events at committee of pharmacovigilance in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 in a specialized center in AR was conducted. <h3>Results</h3> 374 adverse events were reported in patients with RA using biologic drugs between 2011 and 2014. In 2011 13 adverse events were reported; in 2012 95 adverse events were reported; in 2013 199 adverse events were reported biologics. As above mentioned, between 2011 and 2013 was observed an increase in reporting of adverse events attributed to education for better reporting. But in 2014 after the implementation of educational strategies and a scheme of infection prevention was observed a decrease in reporting of adverse events (n=67), which compared with 199 adverse events observed in 2013, implies a decrease more than 60% of cases statistically significant. Between biological more than 50% of cases of adverse events were with infliximab. <h3>Conclusions</h3> It is concluded that during the first year there was an underreporting of patients with adverse events, which increased in next two years because educational programs; subsequently with the implementation of educational strategies and infection prevention scheme is achieved lower percentage of adverse events with biologicals in patients with RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Geographical spread of gastric cancer incidence in cremona: spatial analysis of cancer registry data
Authors: B.M. Donida, F. Buffoli, C. Caminiti, M. Grassi, W. Liguigli, G. Maglietta, L. Pergola, G. Sabadini, G. Tanzi, G. Tomasello, L. Toppo, M. Ungari, R. Passalacqua
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
A NEW TUBE FOR USE IN TREATMENT OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION
Authors: J W DEVINE
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Liver Cell Proliferation in X-Irradiated Rats After Single and Repetitive Partial Hepatectomy
Authors: G F LEONG, R L PESSOTTI, J S KREBS
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The behavior of hepatic tissue of previously irradiated rats, after repeated stimuli to cell proliferation, has been studied. Less than 10 percent of the mitoses in regenerating liver of nonirradiated rats was visibly aberrant, whereas 75 to 80 percent of the mitoses in postirradiation animals was abnormal. These abnormal mitoses persisted in the same frequency after repeated partial hepatectomies and for as long as 17 weeks after the initial exposure to X ray, in spite of the fact that the partial hepatectomies resulted in extensive hepatic-cell replacement. Regeneration of livers of the irradiated animals was characterized by (a) tissue-mass restoration equal to the controls, (b) significant decrease in the peak mitotic index (50 to 60% below values in nonirradiated controls), and (c) a significant decrease in parenchymal cell numbers per microscopic field, i.e., larger parenchymal cells.
Capacities, practices and perceptions of evidence-based public health in Europe
Authors: J Latham, L Murajda, F Forland, A Jansen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Evidence-based methodologies are used to synthesise systematic high-quality evidence and were first applied in clinical practice. Evidence-based public health, however, is still in its early stages. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control sought the insight of European organisations working and providing services in the field of public health on current practices, capacities, perceptions and predictions of evidence-based public health. A survey was sent to 76 organisations. A response rate of 36% was achieved, representing 27 organisations from 16 countries. Systematic reviews were the most commonly offered service, followed by health technology assessments and rapid assessments. Of 25 respondents, 13 believed that evidence-based methodologies were poorly integrated into public health. The main perceived barriers to the further development of evidence-based public health included 'lack of formalised structure or system', 'resource constraints' 'lack of understanding of evidence-based methodologies by policy makers' and 'lack of data'. Nevertheless, 22 of 27 respondents believed that evidence-based methodologies will play an increasingly important role in public health in future. However, several barriers need to be overcome. Consistent frameworks and consensus on best practices were identified as the most pressing requirements. Steps should be taken to address these barriers and facilitate integration and ultimately public health policies.
Phenotypic and Signaling Consequences of a Novel Aberrantly Spliced Transcript FGF Receptor-3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Ke Li, Baiyong Shen, Xi Cheng, Ding Ma, Xiaoqian Jing, Xinyu Liu, Weiping Yang, Chenghong Peng, Weihua Qiu
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) plays important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and angiogenesis. FGFR3 is abnormally upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), where it correlates positively with clinicopathologic index, HCC differentiation, and advanced nuclear grade. In this study, we describe an aberrantly spliced transcript of FGFR3, termed FGFR3Δ7-9, was identified as a high frequency even in HCC. FGFR3Δ7-9 lacks exons encoding the immunoglobulin-like III domain and promoted the proliferation, migration, and metastasis of HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo Coimmunoprecipation and surface plasmon resonance assays demonstrated that the binding affinity of the aberrant FGFR3Δ7-9 receptor to FGFs was significantly higher than wild-type FGFR3IIIc Furthermore, FGFR3Δ7-9 could be self-activated by homodimerization and autophosphorylation even in the absence of ligand. Finally, FGFR3Δ7-9 more potently induced phosphorylation of the ERK and AKT kinases, leading to abnormal downstream signaling through the ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways. FGFR3Δ7-9 also upregulated the metastasis-associated molecules Snail, MMP-9, and downregulated E-cadherin, which associated directly with FGFR3Δ7-9 Thus, as a ligand-dependent or -independent receptor, FGFR3Δ7-9 exerted multiple potent oncogenic functions in HCC cells, including proliferation, migration, and lung metastatic capacity. Overall, FGFR3 mRNA missplicing in HCC contributes significantly to its malignant character, with implications for therapeutic targeting. Cancer Res; 76(14); 4205-15. ©2016 AACR.
Anorectal Crohn's disease.
Authors: S Karayannopoulos, B I Chazan, D M Hancock, E P Kempsey
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Studies of epileptics on chronic anticonvulsant therapy have shown reduced levels of serum 25 hydroxy-vitamin D using a competitive protein-binding assay,8 21 and though there is a positive correlation with serum calcium only a minority of patients have overt hypocalcaemia.9Again, bone mineral content (as assessed by photon absorptiometry) may be reduced18 10 but can be restored by vitamin D treatment.19The long-term implications of these findings are far from clear.Any prophylactic programme which leads to the prescribing of relatively large doses of vitamin D needs to be viewed with circumspection and must be based firmly upon clinical and not simply biochemical benefit.
Anesthesiology
Authors: Richard A. Wiklund, Stanley H. Rosenbaum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Local AnestheticsLocal anesthetics can be administered by local or regional injection to provide anesthesia during surgery. Regional injection of local anesthetics is used for major nerve block and for spinal (subarachnoid) or epidural block. Although local anesthetics are among the most widely used anesthetic agents and have a good record of clinical safety, questions about their toxicity have recently been raised.The amide local anesthetics (lidocaine, mepivacaine, and bupivacaine) have replaced the esters (e.g., procaine) because of their stability and the fact that they do not cause allergic reactions. Because of its high lipid solubility and high affinity for . . .
Soundings: Fast forward?
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Hours in training? Never really thought about it, mainly because it was never an issue. About 5500 hours? Sound about right, for the first year at least? Probably: about 90 on a good week; 120 or more with the weekend on call; and let's just ignore the really bad weeks, when one's co-resident on a pair of wards was off on holiday: weeks that, however dire, could at least never go beyond 168.

Not sure about the training, though. For most of us, the goals were endurance, survival, and the avoidance of disaster, along with the slim possibility of being noticed favourably—clearly a help with one's later career. So, training—not really. But learning—yes, sort of. Survival again, and some basic manual skills: such as getting various tubes into the right places; a bit of light stitching; and of course the ritual appendicectomy, then offered to house surgeons as a kind of treat and exit examination.

Survival stratagems varied. Alcohol came into it—for reasons that would make immediate sense to whoever it was who once said that the quickest way out of Manchester was drink. And sometimes falling mildly in love with whichever student nurse was doing her charge nights made the summons from bed to ward a little more bearable. A few of us cracked up. No one I knew killed themselves—at least not at that stage.

By today's standards our patients were few. We looked after at most 50 or 60, we knew them, and some of them even worried about us. One or two ventured to tell me I might not be getting enough sleep, and working men on hourly wages sometimes asked if we got overtime. We didn't.

But training? There was almost no formal teaching. We learnt the then current fashions in investigation, diagnosis, and treatment, particularly those cherished by our seniors. We read a little, and were guided rather than taught by senior house officers and registrars, who were more experienced but no better trained than we were. And we learnt from our mistakes.

Of course things have changed since then, though change is not invariably to be equated with progress. And of course there is need for a proper debate about the hours and training required to turn pale young medical graduates into half-credible consultants; but when there is talk of hours in training, it is quite important to know just exactly what is meant.
Neoplastic Transformation In Vivo and In Vitro of Regenerating Hamster Hepatic Cells by Oncogenic DNA Simian Virus 402
Authors: George Th. Diamandopoulos
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Neoplastic Transformation In Vivo and In Vitro of Regenerating Hamster Hepatic Cells by Oncogenic DNA Simian Virus 40 Get access George Th. Diamandopoulos, M.D. George Th. Diamandopoulos, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 139–145, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.1.139 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 19 June 1973 Accepted: 26 September 1973 Published: 01 January 1974