tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-14-02: National Trends and Indications for Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy: An Analysis Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Database
Authors: S Agarwal, S Agarwal, J Agarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) is an evolving procedure occasionally used for breast cancer treatment. However, indications for NSM are institution-specific and lack consensus in the literature. This study uses the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to investigate the oncologic and demographic characteristics of breast cancer patients treated with NSM in the United States from 2005–2009. Methods: Female breast cancer patients treated from 2005–2009 with nipple-sparing/subcutaneous mastectomy (SEER code 30), defined as removal of breast tissue with preservation of nipple-areolar complex and overlying skin, were included. Variables analyzed included patient age, race, tumor stage, tumor size, lymph node status, and radiotherapy delivery. Results: A total of 449 female breast cancer patients who underwent NSM were isolated from the SEER database. The number of patients in the SEER database who underwent NSM increased steadily each year, from 66 in 2005 to 133 in 2009. Mean age was 52 years (s.d. 12 years). Breakdown by race showed that 369 (82%) patients were White women, 42 (9%) were Black women, 36 (8%) were of Asian descent. A majority of patients (402) were documented to have ductal or lobular carcinoma. Documented tumor diameter was less than 3 cm in 63% (284) of patients. Invasive cancer was documented in 283 (63%) patients; in situ cancer was documented in 166 (37%) patients. Lymph node involvement was negative in 374 (83%) patients. Radiation therapy was delivered to 91 (20%) patients; however, 64 patients receiving radiation therapy were node-negative. Radiation was delivered to 6% (10) of patients with in situ cancer and 27% (77) of patients with invasive cancer (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: The number of NSM procedures reported in SEER for breast cancer has increased from 2005–2009. However, there is a lack of consensus in the literature as to which patients may be candidates for NSM. By utilizing a national database, we are able to aggregate and report on the national experience with therapeutic NSM, to date. Patients undergoing NSM for breast cancer were characterized predominantly by tumors less than 3 cm in diameter and with negative lymph node involvement. Patients with both invasive and in situ tumors were considered suitable candidates for NSM. A majority of patients had either ductal or lobular carcinomas. A minority of patients received radiation therapy, although there was a tendency towards providing patients with invasive tumors with radiation therapy. This national data should help guide patient selection for NSM, although future studies are needed to report on the long-term oncologic safety of this procedure. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-14-02.
Interventional EUS for pancreatic disease
Authors: Taba Kumiko
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: EUS-FNA is widely accepted procedure for the diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic disease. The Aim: The aim is to assess the availability of EUS-FNA in pancreatic disease. Objectives: Pancreatic lesions were 290 of 428 which were performed EUS-FNA from July 2000 to December 2009. Methods: 1) The accuracy of histopathological results of 222 pancreatic masses was evaluated. 2) DOP-PCR CGH analysis was done for 16 pancreatic cancer patients using tissues obtained by EUS-FNA. 3) 11 patients were evaluated the sensitivity for GEM with HSP27 immunostaining. 4) EUS-guided pancreatic cyst drainage (EUS-CD) was performed for 27 lesions (20 men and 7 women, mean age 56.8 years). Mean size was 79mm (38–200mm). We punctured with 19G needles. About lately 14 pseudocysts, stents and nasocystic catheter were placed simultaneously. 5) EUS-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) was performed for 5 pancreatic cancer patients (2 men and 3 women, mean age 69.6 years). We punctured with 19G needles and placed a straight plastic stent. 6) 2 pancreatic cancer patients underwent dendritic cell injection therapy by procedure of EUS-FNA. 7) The antiproliferative activity of combined administration with GEM and IFNgamma was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. GEM-resistant cells were transplanted on nude mice, then IFNgamma was injected within tumor, and GEM was administered systemically. Result: 1) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of EUS-FNA in solid pancreatic masses were 95.0%, 94.1%, and 94.8%. 2) Genetic alterations were identified same as surgical and autopsy tissues. 3) Patients with high HSP27 expression had worse prognosis. 4) 25 of 27 lesions (92.5%) were decreased or disappeared. 5) All EUS-CDS were successful. Especially, our handmade plastic stents were useful to prevent slipping out. 6) No adverse event was occurred after DC injection therapy. 7) The sensitivity for GEM was improved in vitro. And tumor growth was tended to be inhibited in vivo. Conclusion: EUS-FNA has unlimited potential as therapeutic and diagnostic EUS for pancreatic diseases.
Abstract 332: B-Raf mutations are associated with a worse outcome in ovarian cancer
Authors: Massimo Libra, Alessia E. Russo, Ilenia Pellizzari, Marina Bagnoli, Francesco Raspagliesi, Roberto Sorio, Gustavo Baldassarre, Silvana Canevari
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies and its frequency has increased dramatically in the last decade. Most women present with advanced disease at diagnosis due to the insidious onset of this disease and the lack of effective early detection methods. Current treatments, consisting of debulking surgery and subsequent platinum-based chemotherapy, yield a response rate of over 80%, but almost all patients relapse or develop resistance to therapy and ultimately succumb to their cancer. Therefore, there is a need for understanding the molecular pathways involved in ovarian cancer progression and chemoresistance in order to control/reverse them and develop more tailored therapies. Disregulation of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway plays a key role in pathogenesis of several human cancers. Mutations at membrane receptors, upstream signalling transducers, as Ras and B-Raf, as well as in genes regulating Raf activity (e.g., PI3K, PTEN, Akt), promote constitutive ERK signaling, stimulating proliferation and survival and providing essential tumour growth and maintenance functions. Conflicting data have been generated about B-Raf mutational status in ovarian cancer. Furthermore, no previous investigations have explored the association of this gene alteration with clinical response. To this aim, in the present study, tumor samples from 48 advanced ovarian cancer patients, with clinical follow-up of at least 5 years, were analyzed for B-Raf mutations within exon 15. All patients were treated with standard therapy containing paclitaxel and carboplatin chemotherapeutic agents and clinical response was obtained in 58% of them. B-Raf mutation (V600E) was detected in 18 out of 48 (37.5%) patients. Interestingly, this mutation occurs mostly among non responders patients (75% vs 11%; p&amp;lt;0.0001). These preliminary data indicate that V600E B-Raf mutation may correlate with a loss of clinical response to therapy. To explore this possibility, functional experiments have been also performed by analyzing several ovarian cell lines transfected with mutated B-Raf (V600E). In agreement with our clinical observations, transfected clones showed a higher chemo-resistance, supporting the notion that alteration of Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway may be associated with resistance to chemotherapy. Overall, our data indicate that in ovarian cancer the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target to reverse chemoresistance. This work was partially supported by AIRC grants and Italian League against Cancer Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 332. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-332
Tc-99m MIBI Bone Marrow Uptake in Bone Marrow Fibrosis Secondary to Metastatic Breast Carcinoma
Authors: TAMER ATASEVER, GÜLIN VURAL, SIBEL YENIDÜNYA, ÖMÜR ATAOGLU, SEVIL ATAVCI, MUSTAFA ÜNLÜ
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 59-year-old woman with inoperable breast carcinoma, and who was receiving chemotherapy, underwent Tc-99m MIBI myocardial perfusion scintigraphy for ischemic heart disease. Whole-body Tc-99m MIBI imaging was performed before the myocardial study showed bone marrow activity. Tc-99m MDP bone scan findings were well adjusted with superscan. Diffuse bone marrow activity seen with Tc-99m MIBI may be due to bone marrow expansion and increased metabolic activity. Bone marrow biopsy revealed secondary myelofibrosis.
THU0567 Using the National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by Ir-Net in Japan to Investigate Factors Influencing Medium-Term Physical Function following Total Knee and Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: S. Ohashi, Y. Kadono, T. Yasui, K. Ono, H. Oka, J. Nishino, S. Tanaka, T. Mori, K. Masuda, M. Iwasawa, T. Matsui, S. Tohma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The present study used the National Database of Rheumatic Diseases by iR-net in Japan (NinJa) to investigate factors that influence physical function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) or total hip arthroplasty (THA). <h3>Methods</h3> Analysis was conducted on 122 TKA patients (13 men, 109 women, 62.3[10.4] years) and 59 THA patients (6 men, 53 women, 61.8[8.9] years) registered with NinJa between 2003 and 2012 who had 5 years of follow-up without any other surgical procedures. Patients were classified into two groups based on whether modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (mHAQ) scores had decreased (improvement group) or increased (deterioration group) during the 5-year postoperative period as an indicator of medium-term physical function. Inter-group comparison was conducted regarding preoperative disease duration, stage, class, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, scores for mHAQ, patient9s pain visual analog scale (PtPainVAS), patient9s generalized visual analogue scale (PtGVAS), doctor9s visual analog scale (DrVAS), disease activity score 28 (DAS28), DAS28-CRP, clinical disease activity index (CDAI), simplified disease activity index (SDAI) and age at the time of surgery. Pre- and postoperative changes in DAS28, DAS28-CRP, CDAI and SDAI were compared as indicators of disease activity. <h3>Results</h3> Among TKA patients, the improvement group (n=40) was significantly younger at the time of surgery (58.6[9.9] years vs. 66.2[9.6] years) and showed higher preoperative mHAQ, PtPainVAS, PtGVAS, DrVAS, DAS28, DAS28 CRP, CDAI and SDAI compared with the deterioration group (n=37) (p&lt;0.05). Among THA patients, the improvement group (n=22) showed significantly higher preoperative PtPainVAS, PtGVAS, and DrVAS scores against the deterioration group (n=18). Meanwhile, for both TKA and THA patients, significantly greater improvements in all disease activity indicator scores at 5 years postoperatively were observed for the improvement group versus the deterioration group (TKA: DAS28, 74.5% vs. 102.6%; DAS28-CRP, 72.3% vs. 98.5%; CDAI, 56.0% vs. 133.3%; and SDAI, 52.9% vs. 118.8%. THA: DAS28, 69.4% vs. 79.4%; DAS28-CRP, 63.9% vs. 79.9%; CDAI, 54.9% vs. 70.4%; and SDAI, 50.0% vs. 62.2%, where preoperative scores =100%) (Fig. 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The present findings indicate that the remedial effects of TKA and THA on physical function in RA patients are maintained postoperatively by sufficient control of disease activity even in patients with preoperatively poor physical function and high disease activity. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3985
IMPACT OF CARDIOPROTECTIVE THERAPIES ON MYOCARDIAL EDEMA AFTER ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION
Authors: Rodrigo Fernandez-Jimenez, Carlos Galán-Arriola, Jaume Aguero, Javier Sanchez-Gonzalez, Gonzalo J. López-Martin, Jaime García-Prieto, Ines Garcia-Lunar, Gonzalo Pizarro, Valentin Fuster, Borja Ibanez
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
SAT0280 Intermalleolar distance and internal hip rotation are dependent on height – the mobility study
Authors: S. Ramiro, C. Stolwijk, A. van Tubergen, D. van der Heijde, R. Landewé
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The intermalleolar distance (IMD) is one of the spinal mobility measures included in the BASMI as a measure of hip function. Another measure of hip function, which has been proposed for patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, is the internal hip rotation (IHR) according to Maksymowych [1]. However, the extent to which these measures are affected by height, age and gender has not been assessed, neither among patients, nor among healthy people. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the effect of height, age, gender and weight on IMD and IHR among healthy people. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross-sectional study ("MOBILITY study") was conducted among healthy volunteers aged 20-69 years old. Recruitment was stratified by gender, age (10-year categories) and height (10cm categories). Participants were any Caucasian volunteering to be measured in the Netherlands and Portugal. Exclusion criteria were factors potentially influencing spinal mobility or hip function (eg. back surgery, hip or spine osteoarthritis). IMD was measured with the participant supine, straight knees, separating the legs as far as possible and the distance between the medial malleoli being measured. IHR was measured with the participant seated with the knees and hips flexed 90° and the knees together clasping a piece of paper. The participant moved the ankles apart as far as possible without releasing the paper and the distance between the medial malleoli was measured. Both assessments were measured in cm and the best of two tries was recorded. The effect of height, age, gender and weight was investigated through linear regression (univariable followed by multivariable). Interactions were tested. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 393 volunteers were included. IMD had a mean value of 112 (SD 15) cm and IHR of 48 (SD 10) cm. Height had a positive effect on IMD (every increase in height of 10cm resulted in a 4.2cm increase in IMD) and age had an inverse effect (Table 1). There was a significant interaction between age and gender on IHR and therefore models were stratified by gender. In females, height had a positive effect on IHR, whereas age and weight had a negative effect on IHR. In males, height and weight had a significant positive and inverse association, respectively (Table 2). <h3>Conclusions</h3> IMD and IHR are both dependent on height and age; and IHR in addition also depends on gender and weight. Therefore these measures need age, gender and height adjusted reference values. <h3>References</h3> Maksymowych et al. Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism, 2006: 55, 575-582 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Utility of the Apolipoprotein E Genotype in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Richard Mayeux, Ann M. Saunders, Steven Shea, Suzanne Mirra, Denis Evans, Allen D. Roses, Bradley T. Hyman, Barbara Crain, Ming-Xin Tang, Creighton H. Phelps
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

The ε4 allele of the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (APOE) is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease, but its value in the diagnosis remains uncertain.
Abstract P2-04-08: Targeted Expression of the Human Chaperone BAG3 to the Murine Mammary Gland Dysregulates Mammary Gland Development and Differentiation By Unrestricted Expansion of Luminal Cells
Authors: VM Virador, G Casagrange, A Raafat, R Callahan, E Kohn
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BAG3 is a pro-survival pro-invasion chaperone. We hypothesized that human BAG3 overexpression in murine breast would contribute to mammary tumorigenesis. We generated transgenic mice ectopically expressing hBAG3 in the mammary gland under the control of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Viral promoter (MMTV-hBAG3). hBAG3 was expressed in luminal cells throughout the ductal tree in multiple transgenic lines. Targeted expression of hBAG3 dysregulated mammary gland development by both increasing proliferation and differentiation. hBAG3 mammary glands had increased epithelial elongation at 5 weeks of age, premature glandular differentiation at 10 weeks, and features of ductal hyperplasia at week 13 with increased Ki67 and p-Histone H3 in the luminal compartment. At week 13 hBAG3 induced acinar differentiation. BAG3 pro-survival gain of function was recapitulated post-partum with delayed involution. Mammary glands of MMTV-hBAG3 had alveolar persistence three days after forced involution where non-transgenic controls demonstrated typical involution-driven apoptosis and remodeling. We crossed heterozygous MMTV-hBAG3 to WAP-Int3 mice with absent alveolar development in pregnancy. hBAG3 caused alveolar budding in the WAP-Int3 background. We hypothesized hBAG3 gain of function in the mammary gland would promote tumorigenesis. On aging, mammary glands of heterozygous MMTV-hBAG3 displayed densely crowded acinar structures with atypia, consistent with hyperplastic alveolar nodule (HAN). We subjected MMTV-hBAG3 mice to either multiparity or chemical carcinogenesis. After two pregnancies, most MMTV-hBAG3 animals had hyperplastic mammary ductal lesions (MMTV-hBAG3 6/7, 86%; FVB/N 1/7, 14%). Eighteen weeks post 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)antracene (DMBA) treatment, virgin females from five different transgenic lines had more hyperplastic lesions (MMTV-hBAG3 mean 6.3 lesions/gland, N=13, FVB/N mean 3.6 lesions/gland, N=9; p = 0.04), some with atypical hyperplasia. Transgenic MMTV-hBAG3 females developed ER and PR (+) malignant tumors (5/19), 26% while non-transgenic controls had none (0/12). WAP-Int3 mice developed tumors as early as two pregnancies. Heterozygous WAP-Int3xMMTV-BAG3 had the same tumor frequency but preliminary data suggest increased aggressiveness and metastasis. Collectively, our results indicate that MMTV-hBAG3 promotes proliferation, dysregulates mammary gland development and promotes hyperplasia and tumorigenesis and may provide a novel mouse model to represent the human ER+ luminal breast cancer subtype. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-04-08.
CARDIAC DETERMINANTS OF FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY: CARDIOPULMONARY EXERCISE TESTING COMBINED WITH EXERCISE-ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Francesco Bandera, Greta Generati, Marta Pellegrino, Valentina Labate, Valeria Donghi, Eleonora Alfonzetti, Marco Guazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Facial cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Arif M Aslam, Anand N Patel
Journal: BMJ (2016)

#### What you need to know

Skin cancers account for almost half of all referrals to dermatology, and with an increasingly ageing population, in the United Kingdom non-melanoma skin cancers have been predicted to increase by 50% by 2030.1 Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common type of non-melanoma skin cancer after basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Its incidence is increasing worldwide and varies by geographical location.2 3

Primary cSCC is a malignant tumour of keratinocytes originating within the epidermis or its appendages that commonly occurs on sun exposed sites, mostly the head and neck.4 It can be locally invasive and has the potential to metastasise to regional lymph nodes.

This clinical review aims to provide an overview and will focus on the diagnosis and management of facial cSCCs.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched PubMed using keywords “cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma” and “facial squamous cell carcinoma”, targeting recent studies and review articles in the past 10 years. We consulted with British Association of Dermatology and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines network guidelines.

More than 80% of non-melanoma skin cancers occur in people aged 60 years or more.5 Incidence is highest in Australia—about 1035 cases per …
Abstract P4-01-03: The Homeobox Protein H0XC10 Is Overexpressed in Breast Cancer and Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy
Authors: H Sadik, N Shah, RA Gupta, HY Chang, S. Sukumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Although chemotherapy is effective, resistance to drugs develops over time and can account for treatment failure in over 90% of metastatic breast cancer patients. HOX genes are homeobox-containing transcription factors well-known for their role in morphogenesis. However, accumulating evidence has emphasized their importance during carcinogenesis and metastasis. The goal of this study is to understand the role of HOXC10 in breast cancer and the consequence of its overexpression in conferring chemotherapy resistance. Methods: We conducted a tiling array of all four HOX clusters to identify dysregulated HOX genes in a panel of primary and metastatic breast cancer tissues, and validated the overexpression of HOXC10 in metastatic breast cancer. Next we established cell lines that stably overexpress HOXC10 and others where endogenously overexpressed HOXC10 was silenced by shRNAs, and determined phenotypic and biochemical changes resulting from these manipulations. Results: HOXC10 is overexpressed in 67% of primary breast tumors (n=31), in 82% of the metastatic tissues (n=49) and in most breast cancer cell lines. When compared to cancers at other sites, overexpression tends to be significantly higher in breast cancer, and correlates with increasing grade and tumor size. Cell survival assays (MTT and colony formation) after drug treatment show that overexpression of exogenous HOXC10 in MCF10A conferred drug resistance. Further molecular examination revealed that overexpression of HOXC10 led to a dysregulation in the Rb-E2F pathway, and therefore the G1/S checkpoint was affected. In addition, the tendency for the formation of 8N cells and the concomitant protection from apoptosis suggested that HOXC10 overexpression might lead to genomic endoreduplication and instability. This fact along with the strikingenhanced recovery of the cells from pactitaxel treatment (as compared to the recovery from any other chemotherapeutic drug) and the protection from mitotic catastrophe implied a role of HOXC10 in the mitotic checkpoint. This was confirmed by a dysregulation of the expression of the genes involved in this checkpoint. All these experiments were further validated by stably expressing a shRNA to HOXC10 in SUM159 breast cancer cells with high endogenous HOXC10 levels. Conclusion: Our studies show for the first time that HOXC10, a homeobox protein previously shown to be regulated during the cell cycle and to have a positive effect on proliferation, is overexpressed in the majority of breast cancers. This upregulation may have some clinical implications since cells with higher expression of HOXC10 tend to have more invasive properties, more genomic instability, and are more resistant to some chemotherapy drugs. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-03.