tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mumps outbreak in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with large cohorts of susceptibles and genetically diverse strains of genotype G, Bosnia and Herzegovina, December 2010 to September 2012
Authors: M Hukic, A Hajdarpasic, J Ravlija, Z Ler, R Baljic, A Dedeic Ljubovic, A Moro, I Salimović-Besic, A Sausy, C P Muller, J M Hübschen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2014)

A mumps outbreak reported from the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina involved 7,895 cases between December 2010 and September 2012. This was the largest outbreak in the country since the introduction of the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine in 1980. The highest disease incidence was found among 15 to 19 year-olds. About 39% (3,050/7,895) of cases reported to be unvaccinated; the vaccination status of 31% (2,426/7,895) was unknown. A seroprevalence study among 150 asymptomatic contacts to mumps cases showed that about one third (45/150) were susceptible to mumps. Among 105 clinically suspected mumps patients hospitalised at the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, orchitis (60% of all males: 51/85) and meningitis (9%: 9/105) were the most common complications. Among 57 outbreak sequences obtained for the small hydrophobic gene, eight different variants of genotype G viruses were identified. The outbreak affected mainly age groups comprising individuals who were not vaccinated during or after the Bosnian war, as well as cantons with single dose immunisation policies until 2001. In addition to issues related to vaccination of individuals, differential responses to vaccines and vaccine strains, waning of antibodies and potentially also the genetically diverse variants of genotype G may have compounded the size and duration of the outbreak. Our report emphasizes the need for supplementary immunisation programmes in particular for adolescents and young adults.
NHS should be exempt from EU-US free trade treaty, campaigners say
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2014)

A petition calling for the NHS to be exempted from an agreement on free trade between the United States and the European Union is to be submitted to Prime Minister David Cameron and England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt.

The petition hosted by the campaigning organisation 38 Degrees calls on Cameron to ensure that the NHS is not part of the transatlantic trade and investment partnership (TTIP) treaty currently being negotiated.

The partnership, which has been under discussion since summer last year,1 is one of a series of proposed agreements to liberalise trade between wealthy nations and focuses on harmonising regulation and opening up markets, which can involve privatising public services.

Health policy analysts believe that the NHS in England will be one of the markets opened by the UK government to US corporations, helped by changes …
P196 The Effect Of Ivacaftor Therapy On The Microbial Diversity Of Cystic Fibrosis Lung Infection
Authors: H. Green, P. Barry, C. Paisey, A. Smith, W. Flight, J. Marchesi, A. Jones, A. Horsley, E. Mahenthiralingam
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> Ivacaftor is a CFTR potentiator which is licensed for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with the G551D mutation. Ivacaftor has led to significant benefits in lung function and weight, a reduction in pulmonary exacerbations and a decrease in time spent on intravenous antibiotics. This impact on exacerbations may be secondary to qualitative or quantitative change in the airway microbiome. The aim of this study was to investigate whether partially restoring CFTR function using Ivacaftor is associated with early changes in airway microbiology. <h3>Methods</h3> Paired sputum samples were obtained from 13 adult CF patients immediately prior to Ivacaftor therapy, and after 1 and/or 3 months of treatment. FEV<sub>1</sub> was measured at each visit, and sweat chloride was assessed pre-treatment and at 2 months. Samples underwent routine microbiology and extraction of total nucleic acids using a standardised automated method. Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) qualitatively investigated sputum bacterial diversity and 16s rRNA gene pyrosequencing was used to investigate bacterial diversity semi-quantitatively. <h3>Results</h3> All subjects had samples at baseline and at either 1 or 3 months post Ivacaftor therapy. 4 subjects had samples at all three time points. Mean FEV1 percent predicted improved from 56 to 63% at 1 month (p &lt; 0.01). Mean sweat chloride improved from 115 to 54 mmol/L (p &lt; 0.01). Culture and pyrosequencing analysis showed 11 out of 13 patients had a single dominant infecting pathogen. These techniques demonstrated no major changes in microbial diversity, especially with regards to the dominant pathogen, pre- and post-treatment (see Figure 1). 10 patients had a reduction in the number of pyrosequencing reads attributable to <i>Streptococcus</i> on follow-up samples (p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Ivacaftor resulted in significant clinical improvements in this group of adult patients within the first 3 months of therapy. Airway microbiology in these patients was largely unaltered in the 3 months after starting Ivacaftor. The preliminary finding of a reduction in <i>Streptococcus </i>reads requires quantitative follow up to evaluate its significance. These findings suggest that potentiation of CFTR function using Ivacaftor does not significantly alter the lung microbiome and clinical improvements witnessed are likely secondary to a different mechanism.
Abstract 4710: p53 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell properties through modulation of miRNAs
Authors: Chi-Hong Chao, Chun-Ju Chang, Weiya Xia, Jer-Yen Yang, Yan Xiong, Chia-Wei Li, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epithelial mechenchymal transition (EMT) has recently been linked to stem cell phenotype. However, the molecular mechanism involving regulation of EMT and stemness remains elusive. Here, using unbiased genomic approaches, we discovered that tumor suppressor p53 plays a critical role in regulating both EMT and EMT-associated stem cell properties through transcriptional activation of miR-200c. p53 transactivates miR-200c through direct binding to miR-200c promoter. Loss of p53 in human mammary epithelial cells leads to decreased expression of miR-200c and activates EMT program, accompanied by increased mammary stem cell population. Re-expressing miR-200c suppresses gene targets that mediate EMT and stemness properties and thereby converts mesenchymal/stem cell-like phenotype caused by loss of p53 to differentiated epithelial cell phenotype. Furthermore, loss of p53 negatively correlates with miR-200c level but positively with increased expression of EMT and stemness markers as well as high tumor grade in a cohort of breast cancer samples. Together, this study elucidates a novel role of p53 in regulating EMT/MET and stemness/differentiation plasticity and reveals a potential therapeutic implication to suppress EMT associated-cancer stem cells through activation of p53-mediated miR-200c pathway Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4710. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4710
Dissolution of Cholesterol Gallbladder Stones by Methyl<i>Tert</i>-Butyl Ether Administered by Percutaneous Transhepatic Catheter
Authors: Johnson L. Thistle, Gerald R. May, Claire E. Bender, Hugh J. Williams, Andrew J. LeRoy, Peter E. Nelson, Craig J. Peine, Bret T. Petersen, J. Edward McCullough
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

We treated 75 patients with symptomatic cholesterol gallstones by dissolving the stones with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) instilled into the gallbladder through a percutaneous transhepatic catheter. The MTBE was continuously infused and aspirated manually four to six times a minute, for an average of five hours per day for one to three days; the treatment was monitored by fluoroscopy. The placement of the catheter and the administration of MTBE caused few side effects or complications, and treatment did not have to be stopped in any patient for this reason. In 72 patients there was complete dissolution of stones or more than 95 percent dissolution. Among 21 patients who were completely free of stones after treatment, 4 had recurrence of stone formation 6 to 16 months later. The other 51 patients had residual debris, which spontaneously cleared completely in 15 patients within 6 to 35 months; only 7 with persisting debris have had symptoms. Five of the initial 6 patients treated, but only 1 of the next 69 patients, have required surgery during follow-up periods of 6 to 42 months. We conclude that the dissolution of gallstones by MTBE delivered through a percutaneous transhepatic catheter is a useful alternative to surgery in selected patients with symptomatic cholesterol stones. Further study will be necessary to establish the long-term effectiveness of this treatment and its appropriate role in the management of the various types of gallstones. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:633–9.)
OP0247 Effects of Odanacatib on BMD and Safety in the Treatment of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women Previously Treated with Alendronate– a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: S. Palacios, S. Bonnick, T. De Villiers, R. Chapurlat, A. Odio, B. Scott, C. Le Bailly De Tilleghem, C. DaSilva, A. Leung, D. Gurner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Odanacatib (ODN) is an orally-active cathepsin K inhibitor being developed for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> This study evaluated the effects of ODN 50mg once weekly on BMD, bone turnover markers and safety in patients previously treated with alendronate (ALN). <h3>Methods</h3> This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 24-month study. The primary endpoint was % change from baseline at month 24 of femoral neck (FN) BMD. Postmenopausal women (n=243) ≥60 years of age with low BMD T-score at the total hip, FN or trochanter but no history of hip fracture and who have taken ALN for ≥3years were randomized to receive ODN or placebo. Patients received vitamin D<sub>3</sub> and calcium supplementation. BMD was assessed by DXA at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Biochemical markers of bone turnover (sCTx, uNTx, sBSAP and sP1NP) were measured at baseline and 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. <h3>Results</h3> In the ODN group, BMD changes from baseline at 24 months were significantly increased from placebo at the femoral neck, trochanter, total hip and lumbar spine (1.7%, 1.8%, 0.8%, and 2.3%, respectively). In the placebo group, BMD at the femoral neck, trochanter and total hip declined significantly from baseline by month 24 (-0.9%, -1.4%, and -1.9% respectively). ODN significantly decreased bone resorption marker, u-NTx/Cr, and significantly increased bone formation markers, s-P1NP and s-BSAP, vs. placebo. The increase observed for the bone resorption marker s-CTx with ODN treatment was unexpected. Adverse events were comparable between the 2 treatments arms. The overall safety profile appeared similar between ODN and placebo. <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> In this study ODN provided incremental BMD gains in osteoporotic women following ALN treatment. Biomarker results suggest that ODN decreases bone resorption while preserving bone formation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> S. Palacios Grant/research support from: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., S. Bonnick Grant/research support from: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., T. De Villiers Speakers bureau: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., R. Chapurlat Grant/research support from: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., Consultant for: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., A. Odio: None Declared, B. Scott Employee of: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., C. Le Bailly De Tilleghem Employee of: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., C. DaSilva Employee of: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., A. Leung Employee of: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp., D. Gurner Employee of: Merck Sharp &amp; Dohme Corp.
SP0095 Coverage of the Patient Perspective in Disease-Specific Quality of Life-Patient Reported Outcome Measures
Authors: J. Unger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Quality of life (QoL) is significantly worse in people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) than in general population due to the different characteristics of the complex disease. QoL can be seen as an indicator for the satisfaction of individuals with their functioning in daily life and represents the perception of a person9s well-being in physical, mental and social domains of life. OMERACT recommends assessing QoL for people with SLE, complementary to disease activity, adverse events and the damage to the organs. In outcome measurement, the use of both generic and disease-specific measures are recommended for persons with SLE. Patient reported outcome measures could be used for persons with rheumatic conditions to enable the inclusion of the patient perspective and to increase the efficacy and effectiveness of health care. However, it is unclear whether patient reported outcome measures on QoL cover the perspectives of people with SLE or not. A suitable approach for the exploration of the patient perspective is a triangulation of qualitative data sets. It can thereby be seen as a chance to increase the confidence of existing as wells as of new data material and could support the identification of "core" concepts which are meaningful to people with SLE. These "core" concepts could be used to explore whether disease-specific QoL-PROMs cover the patient perspective of the target group or not, using the International Classification of Functioning, Disease and Health (ICF) as a frame of reference. A high level of coverage could support health professionals in their choice of QoL-PROMs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6148
FORMACIÓN EXPERIMENTAL EN ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVA AVANZADA
Authors: M Fernández, JM Mateos, F Soria, E Morcillo, J Boix, S Rodríguez, JC Marín, S Fernández, C Santander, FM Sanchez-Margallo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La formación médica ha cambiado últimamente por diferentes motivos relacionados con la optimización de los recursos y porque las nuevas tecnologías médicas son cada vez más complejas y necesitan de una formación y capacitación más especializada.
Effects of Digoxin in Infants with a Congested Circulatory State Due to a Ventricular Septal Defect
Authors: William Berman, Steven M. Yabek, Terrence Dillon, Colleen Niland, Sue Corlew, Deborah Christensen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Digoxin alone was used to treat a congested circulatory state in 21 infants (mean age, 2.7 months; mean weight, 3.8 kg) with a ventricular septal defect. The dose was adjusted on the basis of pharmacokinetics to achieve a mean steady-state concentration of 1.6±0.3 ng of digoxin per milliliter of serum. The mean red-cell level of sodium–potassium ATPase fell from 23.1±7.0 to 12.6±5.2 nmol per milligram per minute with treatment. Only 6 of the 21 patients had an inotropic response, as reflected by echocardiographic measurements, but the drug was of clinical benefit to 12 infants (including these 6). These results show that not all infants with a congested circulatory state due to a ventricular septal defect benefit from digoxin therapy. Furthermore, in some subjects clinical improvement occurs in the absence of a measurable inotropic response. (N Engl J Med. 1983; 308:363–6.)
RETRACTED: CRNDE Promotes Malignant Progression of Glioma by Attenuating miR-384/PIWIL4/STAT3 Axis
Authors: Jian Zheng, Xiaobai Liu, Ping Wang, Yixue Xue, Jun Ma, Chengbin Qu, Yunhui Liu
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) is the most upregulated long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in glioma. Herein, the function and potential molecular mechanisms of CRNDE and miR-384 were illustrated in glioma cells. CRNDE overexpression facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while inhibited glioma cells apoptosis. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) demonstrated that miR-384 was downregulated in human glioma tissues and glioma cell lines. Moreover, restoration of miR-384 exerted tumor-suppressive functions. In addition, the expression of miR-384 was negatively correlated with CRNDE expression. A binding region between CRNDE and miR-384 was confirmed using luciferase assays. Moreover, CRNDE promoted cell malignant behavior by decreasing miR-384 expression. At the molecular level, treatment by CRNDE knockdown or miR-384 overexpression resulted in a decrease of piwi-like RNA-mediated gene silencing 4 (PIWIL4) protein. Besides, PIWIL4 was identified as a target of miR-384 and plays an oncogenic role in glioma. Similarly, downstream proteins of PIWIL4 such as STAT3, cyclin D1, VEGFA, SLUG, MMP-9, caspase 3, Bcl-2, and bcl-xL were modulated when treated with miR-384 and PIWIL4. Remarkably, CRNDE knockdown combined with miR-384 overexpression led to tumor regression in vivo. Overall, these results depicted a novel pathway mediated by CRNDE in glioma, which may be a potential application for glioma therapy.
Ken Olden Has Clear Vision as NIEHS Director
Authors: Kara Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Ken Olden Has Clear Vision as NIEHS Director Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 15, 5 August 1992, Pages 1140–1142, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.15.1140 Published: 05 August 1992
Reagan Names Samuel Broder as Director of National Cancer Institute
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Reagan Names Samuel Broder as Director of National Cancer Institute Get access Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Francis X. Mahaney, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 2, 18 January 1989, Pages 100–102, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.2.100 Published: 18 January 1989
D Is for Delay
Authors: Roger Kapoor, Sanjay Saint, John R. Kapoor, Richard A. Johnson, Gurpreet Dhaliwal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 47-year-old homeless man presented to the emergency department with intermittent pain and a pins-and-needles sensation in his legs. One month earlier, paresthesias had developed in his toes, which spread gradually to his shins.
The Effect of the Rice-Fruit Diet on the Composition of the Body
Authors: Carleton B. Chapman, Thomas Gibbons, Austin Henschel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE development of effective therapeutic measures for the control of essential hypertension is one of the most pressing problems facing present-day medical investigators. Attempts to treat hypertension by various dietary measures have often stimulated the hopes of the medical profession,1 but no dietary technic has, in fact, provided a means of breaking the therapeutic impasse.The introduction of the rice-fruit diet in 1944 constitutes the latest attempt to control hypertension by dietary means. By the use of the diet, its originator reported significant lowering of the blood pressure in 62 per cent of 500 patients with essential hypertension; he also . . .
OPEN LABEL STUDY OF THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF FIMASARTAN 60 MG ALONE AS INITIAL TREATMENT AND ITS RANDOMIZED ESCALATION TO FIMASARTAN 120 MG OR FIMASARTAN 60 MG/HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE 12.5 MG IN MEXICAN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION GRADE 1 OR 2
Authors: Ignacio Conde-Carmona, Ernesto Cardona
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
P591 IMPROVEMENT OF TRANSDUCTION WITH Ad-GFP VECTOR MEDIATED BY siRNA- IFN-a IN HEPATIC CELLS
Authors: A.A. Sobrevilla Navarro, A.S. Sandoval Rodriguez, L.D. Hernandez Ortega, J. Armendariz Borunda, A.M. Salazar Montes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
PWE-056 Prospective evaluation of 403 patients with diarrhoea predominant irritable bowel syndrome (D-IBS) fulfilling Rome II criteria: Abstract PWE-056 Table 1
Authors: S Lin, M Kurien, J S Leeds, D S Sanders
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) has a high prevalence with established diagnostic criteria (ROME) used to aid diagnosis. Despite increasing drives to make a positive diagnosis of IBS, patients may still require some investigations to exclude other organic conditions that may present with IBS type symptoms. There has been limited work evaluating diagnostic outcomes in this group of patients. We therefore investigated unselected patients presenting with D-IBS symptoms fulfilling ROME II criteria. <h3>Methods</h3> Data were prospectively collected from consecutive patients meeting Rome II criteria for D-IBS in a university hospital. Demographic data, subsequent investigations and diagnostic yields of these tests were collected. All patients underwent haematologic, biochemical and immunologic testing prior to subsequent investigations. The further tests undertaken were at the discretion of the investigating clinician. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS with Fisher9s exact test used to compare categorical data. <h3>Results</h3> 403 patients (277 female, median age 52 years) who met Rome II criteria for D-IBS were followed-up during the study period. Investigations undertaken in this cohort of patients were as follows: faecal pancreatic elastase (313) gastroscopy (208), colonoscopy (188), glucose or lactose hydrogen breath tests (62), CT/MRI scan (40), barium enema (38), SeHCAT (18) and small bowel capsule endoscopy (18). Final diagnoses are shown in Abstract PWE-056 table 1. 88 patients (22%) were subsequently identified to have an alternative diagnosis than D-IBS with pancreatic insufficiency and coeliac disease being the most common. When comparing diagnostic yields of individual tests, a lactose-hydrogen breath test had the highest positive yield of 28.6% (8/28), which was significantly higher than any other diagnostic test undertaken (p&lt;0.01). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study highlights the frequency of investigations undertaken in patients with D-IBS symptoms. While the majority of patients have negative tests, there remains a significant number of patients in whom underlying pathology is identified accounting for their D-IBS symptoms. Although NICE guidelines advocate testing for coeliac disease, our study also demonstrates the importance of testing for pancreatic insufficiency in patients presenting with D-IBS symptoms. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Discrepancy Between Ga-67 Citrate and F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomographic Scans in Pulmonary Infection
Authors: GAURAV K. GOSWAMI, SUMAN JANA, JONAS F. SANTIAGO, GULGUN BUYUKDERELI, SHAHENDA S. SALEM, SHERIF HEIBA, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

GOSWAMI, GAURAV K. M.D.; JANA, SUMAN M.D.; SANTIAGO, JONAS F. M.D.; BUYUKDERELI, GULGUN M.D.; SALEM, SHAHENDA S. M.D.; HEIBA, SHERIF M.D.; ABDEL-DAYEM, HUSSEIN M. M.D. Author Information