tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-025 Endoscopy In Patients Having Long-term Oral Anticoagulant Therapy. Challenge Or Routine Daily Practice?: Abstract PTU-025 Table 1
Authors: P Ellul, C Attard, Y Vella
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> While oral anticoagulant therapy increases the possibility of bleeding, withholding it could cause thromboembolic complications. The BSG provides guidance regarding endoscopy and anticoagulation. Patients may be considered as having a high thromboembolic risk depending on the indication for anti-coagulation. The endoscopic procedures can be classified as high or low risk for bleeding. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess the number of significant bleeding events and thromboembolic events in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy and are being administered anticoagulants. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients who had an endoscopy at Mater Dei Hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 and were on oral anticoagulants were identified through the endoscopy database. Their endoscopy report and their clinical case notes were reviewed. <h3>Results</h3> 130 patients were recruited. 55% were female. The mean age was 68.6 years (SD +/- 11 years; range 14–89 years). The main indication for anticoagulation with warfarin was atrial fibrillation (56.3%). 44.1% of all procedures involved conditions of high thromboembolic risks. Table 1 demonstrates the indication for anticoagulation and the procedure risk stratification. 53.8% of all patients had a colonoscopy. 22.9% of procedures were classified as high risk for bleeding.1 patient (1.4%) had haemorrhoid banding. The other has polypectomy (&gt;1cm). 43.1% of patients had an OGD. 10.7% had high risk procedures for bleeding – 1 patient (1.8%) had a gastric polypectomy and 8.9% had variceal banding. 3.1% (4 patients) of patients had a flexible sigmoidoscopy. 2 patients had a polypectomy (&gt;1cm) and the other 2 had haemorrhoid banding (all classified as high risk for bleeding). 1 patient developed a pre-retinal haemorrhage and a vitreal haemorrhage within 30 days post-procedure. This patient had a transcatheter aortic valve implantation and AF (high risk for thromboembolic events). This patient had an OGD where a small angioectatic vessel was coagulated with APC. The INR before and after the procedure was always within therapeutic range. There were no other thromboembolic or significant bleeding events recorded in these patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our results demonstrate that adherence to the BSG guidelines on anticoagulation is highly important as to prevent any significant bleeding or thromboembolic complications. However, a new challenge for endoscopists will be the introduction and the wider availability of the new oral anticoagulants. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 5095: CGH+SNP microarrays for copy-neutral aberration detection in cancer research
Authors: Paula Costa, Bo Curry, Brian Peter, Paige Anderson, Nick Sampas, Ashutosh Ashutosh, Arjun Vadapalli, Arne Ijpma, Michael Ruvolo, Anne Lucas, Emily LeProust, Maithreyan Srinivasan, Jayati Ghosh, Stephanie Fulmer-Smentek, Anniek De Witte
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Advances in cancer research have greatly benefited from high resolution copy number (CN) measurements provided by oligo array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH). The addition of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) measurements to CGH microarrays enables the detection of copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity (cnLOH) events and allelic imbalances arising from genomic instability during cancer development and progression. Nonetheless, cancer studies face challenges associated with genomes’ aneuploidy, polyclonality and mosaicism due to the admixtures of tumor and normal cells. In the quest to decipher tumor complexity, the power and sensitivity of Agilent's CGH+SNP platform has been expanded with new computational methods capable of determining clonal fraction, total CN and allele-specific CN in aneuploid samples. Genomic DNA from hematology-oncology samples, cell lines and a genotyped control sample was digested with AluI and RsaI restriction endonucleases to allow for SNP profiling at the enzymes’ restriction sites. Experimental and reference samples were differentially labeled and hybridized to the Agilent Cancer CGH+SNP microarray, containing ∼20K cancer associated CGH probes, ∼100K backbone probes and ∼60K SNP probes. The data were analyzed using algorithms with extended capability to determine clonal fraction, total and allele-specific CN of the aberrant clone. As expected, significant diversity was found in different chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) tumors. In one CLL sample a small homozygous deletion and cnLOH were identified on chromosome 13. In another CLL case a trisomy of the entire chromosome 12 was observed, together with a small hemizygous deletion and cnLOH on chromosome 18. An Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) tumor sample was found to harbor an amplification on chromosome 6, as well as two small amplifications on chromosome X. To assess the ability of detecting low level mosaicism, we conducted a mixed sample experiment whereby a sample with a known aberration was mixed at known ratios with a matched sample not containing the aberration. The computed clonal fraction, total and allele-specific CN matched the expected values. We have shown that the new algorithms developed for cancer sample analysis determined the genotypes, total copy numbers and clonal fractions in aneuploid samples highly mixed with normal cell populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5095. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5095
Oaksford &amp; Chater's theory of reasoning: High prior, lower posterior plausibility
Authors: Klaus Oberauer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Oaksford &amp; Chater (O&amp;C) subscribe to the view that a conditional expresses a high conditional probability of the consequent, given the antecedent, but they model conditionals as expressing a dependency between antecedent and consequent. Therefore, their model is inconsistent with their theoretical commitment. The model is also inconsistent with some findings on how people interpret conditionals and how they reason from them.
Depression of Plasma Testosterone Levels after Chronic Intensive Marihuana Use
Authors: Robert C. Kolodny, William H. Masters, Robert M. Kolodner, Gelson Toro
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Twenty heterosexual men 18 to 28 years of age who used marihuana at least four days a week for a minimum of six months without use of other drugs during that interval were studied. Mean (± S.E.M.) plasma testosterone — 416 ± 34 ng per 100 ml — was significantly lower in this group than that in the control-group mean — 742 ± 29 ng per 100 ml — for age-matched men who had never used marihuana. Decreased testosterone was dose related. Abstention from marihuana use and stimulation with human chorionic gonadotropin during continued marihuana use produced marked increases in testosterone. Measurements of liver function, circulating gonadotropins, prolactin, Cortisol and thyroxine were within normal limits. Six of 17 men (35 per cent) showed oligospermia, and two men were impotent. The data suggest that chronic intensive use of marihuana may produce alterations in male reproductive physiology through central (hypothalamic or pituitary) action. (N Engl J Med 290:872–874, 1974)
Lingual Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Yoshinori Katada, Toshio Tanaka
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

A 20-year-old woman presented with a report of tongue numbness. The patient had a long-standing history of Raynaud's phenomenon and had received a diagnosis of mixed connective-tissue disease; testing was positive for antinuclear and anti-ribonucleoprotein antibodies. She was receiving prostacyclin for Raynaud's phenomenon. Two years before presentation, she had begun having intermittent attacks of tongue numbness with concomitant dysarthria. These attacks did not seem to coincide with digital vasospasm and usually resolved within 15 minutes. Because the attacks never occurred during a medical visit, she used her mobile-phone camera to take a picture of her tongue during an attack. The . . .
P701 AUTOCHTHONOUS ACUTE HEPATITIS E IN SWITZERLAND: INCREASED RATE OF SEVERE MANIFESTATION IN MEN &gt;50 YEARS
Authors: C. Doerig, H. Moulin, B. Müllhaupt, I. Pache, F. Bihl, A. Telenti, R. Sahli, D. Moradpour
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
SEDACIÓN CON PROPOFOL EN ULTRASONOGRAFÍA ENDOSCÓPICA. NUESTRA EXPERIENCIA
Authors: P De La Torre Rubio, JG Martínez Cara, V Martos Ruiz, M López De Hierro, J De Teresa Galván, E Redondo Cerezo
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: El propofol es un fármaco ampliamente empleado en endoscopia. Sin embargo, en el campo de la ultrasonografía endoscópica (USE), la experiencia del uso de propofol es limitada. Objetivos: Analizar las características de los pacientes sometidos a sedación con propofol en USE a manos de endoscopistas, atendidos en nuestro Servicio, entre Octubre de 2009 y Enero de 2013. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo, observacional, en que se incluyeron 954 pacientes. Previo al procedimiento se hizo una valoración del riesgo anestésico. Todos los pacientes contaron con control de pulso, saturación, y oxígeno en gafas nasales. Se controlaron los tiempos de exploración, inducción a la sedación y recuperación. Los resultados se analizaron mediante SPSS 11.0. Resultados: Un 98.95% de nuestros pacientes fue sedado a manos de endoscopistas (72% ASA I-II, y 28% ASA III-IV). Se empleó endoscopio lineal en el 68% de los casos, y se asoció punción aspiración con aguja fina en un 22.1% de los casos. La dosis media de inducción con propofol fue de 64.70 mg, y un 97.5% requirieron reinyecciones. El tiempo medio por USE fue de 20.01 minutos, con un un tiempo medio de recuperación de 8.07 minutos. No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la tasa de complicaciones entre los pacientes de bajo y alto riesgo anestésico (tasa de complicaciones: 4.4% en pacientes ASA I-II, y 7.5% en pacientes ASA III-IV). La complicación más frecuentes fue la desaturación (4.3% de los casos). Tras el procedimiento se midió la satisfacción global del paciente y endoscopista, siendo elevada en ambos casos. Conclusiones: La sedación con propofol en USE guiada por endoscopistas se ha demostrado segura y eficaz. Se asocia a baja tasa de complicaciones, tanto en pacientes de alto como de bajo riesgo anestésico, y a una mayor tolerabilidad y satisfacción tanto del paciente como del endoscopista.
Abstract 5668: Nexrutine, a phellodendron amurense extract protects against breast cancer
Authors: Susan Lanza-Jacoby, Guang Yan, Chenguang Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women with over 40,000 deaths per year in the United States. Prognosis is poor for a subset of women with estrogen receptor (ER) negative or ErB2 overexpressing ER negative tumors because their cancers are aggressive and do not respond to conventional treatment. This emphasizes the importance of developing new agents and protocols for preventing breast cancer. Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that plant-based diets are protective against many types of cancer. Nexrutine, an herbal extract from the Chinese plant Phellodendron amurense, has been used for centuries in Chinese medicine to treat inflammation, gastroenteritis, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. The anti-inflammatory properity of Nexrutine is of particular relevance considering the relationship of inflammation to cancer. Many tumors including those of the breast have high levels of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2., which result in increased levels of the proinflammatory mediator prostaglandin (PG) E2. In this study we investigated the anti-cancer effects of Nexrutine on several breast cancer cell lines. Nexrutine decreased activities of COX-2 and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma (PPAR)γ; two potential biomarkers of breast cancer. Nexrutine reduced the production of PGE2, which was associated with decreased protein expression of microsomal PGE2 synthase (mPGES) and increased PG 15-dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). The Nexrutine decreased cell survival, which was accompanied by a G1 cell cycle arrest, increased autophagy, and cell death in SkBr3 and MDA-MB 231 cells. Analysis of the cell cycle regulators indicated a decrease in Cyclin D1, cdk 2, Cyclin E, and decreased phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and increase in p21 and p27. Based upon these findings, we propose that the use of Nexrutine could provide a novel approach for protection against breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5668.
AB0869 Subclinical atherosclerosis in greek patients with spondyloarthropathy
Authors: C. Papagoras, A. Charisiadi, P. Margariti, I. Saougou, T.E. Markatseli, E. Kaltsonoudis, A.K. Zikou, A.A. Drosos
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic arthritis, particularly rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis. Ultrasound-assessed carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been suggested as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis and the risk for future cardiovascular events. An increased IMT has been observed in patients with RA, but also ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) as compared to non-arthritis controls in various ethnic groups. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study subclinical atherosclerosis in Greek patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA). <h3>Methods</h3> In a case-control study, non-diabetic patients with AS or PsA followed in a single tertiary Rheumatology center were evaluated for potentially modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis (obesity, smoking, arterial hypertension, serum lipids and lipoproteins), while they all underwent carotid ultrasonography and measurement of carotid IMT. Age- and sex-matched volunteers without arthritis or diabetes served as controls. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-nine patients were examined (22 with AS, 27 with PsA). They were 35 males and 14 females with a mean age (SD) 45.5 (12.4) years. They were compared to 49 age- and gender-matched controls. The patients’ mean (SD) carotid IMT was 0.071 (0.018) cm, which was significantly greater than the carotid IMT of the controls [mean (SD) 0.063 (0.016) cm, p=0.017]. Comparing the potentially modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, SpA patients were no more obese than controls in terms of body mass index or waist-to-hip ratio, they had a similar prevalence of hypertension, but they were significantly more often smokers than controls (69.4% vs 26.5%, p=0.02). In terms of lipid profile, SpA patients had significantly lower triglyceride levels than controls (103 mg/dL vs 131.1 mg/dL, p=0.012), but the levels of the rest of the lipid parameters [total cholesterol, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), ApoB, ApoE, Lipoprotein (α)] were similar between patients and controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with spondyloarthritis have enhanced atherosclerosis compared to non-SpA controls. Although differential exposure to cigarette smoking is a significant confounding factor, our results are in line with reports from other ethnic groups suggesting that SpA patients have more advanced atherosclerosis compared to age-and sex-matched non-SpA controls. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
1347 CRITICAL ROLE FOR ASMASE IN ALCOHOL-INDUCED ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS, MITOCHONDRIAL CHOLESTEROL TRAFFICKING AND LIVER INJURY
Authors: A. Fernandez, N. Matias, R. Fucho, N. Nuno, R. Bataller, J. Caballeria, L. Dubuquoy, C. Garcia-Ruiz, J.C. Fernandez-Checa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Detection of a Cecal Hemangioma With Tc-99m Labeled Red Blood Cell Scintigraphy
Authors: JANET L. SCHERAGA, DAVID H. FEIGLIN, F. DEAVER THOMAS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

A 2-year-old girl had an episode of bloody stools and diarrhea. She had a history of multiple episodes of bloody stools for the previous year. The patient underwent colonoscopy, which failed to locate the source of bleeding. She had three Tc-99m pertechnetate Meckel studies, including those performed with cimetidine and pentagastrin, all of which yielded negative findings. Abdominal ultrasound and CT did not demonstrate a lesion. A Tc-99m labeled RBC scan showed a hypervascular structure in the right lower quadrant. Surgery revealed an hemangioma of the cecum and ascending colon.
AB1135 Attitude of Belgian Medical Students towards A Future Career in Rheumatology
Authors: E. Schaubroeck, T. Vanlancker, D. Elewaut, R. Wittoek
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Since the general tendency of scarcity of rheumatologists across Europe, Rheumatology seems not to be a very popular discipline to choose by medical students. The reasons for this are not clear. Choice for medical specialization is made in the 7th year of medical training in Belgium (in a total of three years of Bachelor and four years of Master9s degree). In the 7th year, in case of specialist training, a student from the Ghent University can select twice a specific pre-specialty training period of nine weeks in the disciplines of choice. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore how Belgian medical students consider rheumatology as a useful discipline for pre-speciality training and to question their reasons and motivation for this. <h3>Methods</h3> An online questionnaire was sent to all medical students from the 5th, 6th and 7th Year of the Ghent University Medical School. They were asked to complete questions about demographic status, questions about their exposure and their opinion on the usefulness of several disciplines to choose for pre-speciality training. We also assessed a specific motivation why to consider or exclude rheumatology as a discipline for intensive pre-speciality training. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 401 students participated in the survey. Rheumatology was found the 17th speciality of choice from a total of 37 disciplines to be considered most useful for their future medical career (Fig. 1). A total of 93 students (23.2%) completed the open questions about their interest in rheumatology and the motivational reasons why to choose or not to exclude rheumatology during pre-speciality training. Nine main categories were remained and are shown in Table 1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although in general, student consider Rheumatology as a very fascinating speciality, only a limited number of students seems to consider this for pre-specialty training. Limiting factors are the belief of being very specialized, the lack of technical procedures and not being prepared to receive a training in internal medicine. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5091
P278 REPRESSION OF THE NUCLEAR RECEPTOR SMALL HETERODIMER PARTNER (SHP) IN NAFLD: GENE REGULATION BY TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS AND STEATOTIC DRUGS
Authors: M. Benet, C. Guzmán, S. Pisonero, M.L. Martínez-Chantar, S. Sánchez-Campos, J.V. Castell, R. Jover
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
The Effects of Weight Loss on the Activity and Expression of Adipose-Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase in Very Obese Humans
Authors: Philip A. Kern, John M. Ong, Bahman Saffari, Joanne Carty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Lipoprotein lipase is an enzyme in adipose tissue that hydrolyzes circulating triglycerides and thereby generates the fatty acids used in the synthesis of triglyceride in fat cells. To determine whether the activity and expression of lipoprotein lipase are affected by weight loss, we studied lipoprotein lipase in the adipose tissue of nine very obese subjects before and after a program of weight reduction.
Presacral Mass Evaluated with Computed Tomography and Whole-Body Tc-99m White Blood Cell Imaging
Authors: Michael J Blend, Richard L Nelson
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Section of Nuclear Medicine* and Department of Surgery,† University of Illinois Hospital, Chicago, Illinois Received for publication May 13, 2002. Accepted June 18, 2002. Correspondence: Michael J. Blend, Section of Nuclear Medicine, University of Illinois Hospital, 1740 West Taylor Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612.
F-18 FDG Uptake in Pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Authors: Neeta Pandit, Henry W. Yeung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York Received for publication February 19, 2001. Accepted April 23, 2001. Reprint requests: N. Pandit, Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1255 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021.
SP0008 How to treat: Osteoporosis
Authors: D. Reid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Osteoporosis is an extraordinarily common disorder which is the main pathoegenetic factor associated with fractures which occur in approximately 50% of Caucasian women and 20% of Caucasian men over the aged of 50. Over the last 25-years the management of the condition has evolved dramatically firstly because of the development of effective bone measurement tools and secondly because of the launch of a slew of effective drugs which improve bone mass and reduce fracture rates. This presentation will describe how to make use of bone density measurements particularly dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) along with lateral spine DXA images and risk assessment tools, such as FRAX, to identify those men and women who should be treated. It will then outline the optimum currently available treatments which can be used including the bisphosphonates, strontium ranelate. parathyroid hormone and denosumab as well as how to assess response to therapy. Finally it will address current controversies especially some of the current anxieties on safety of the medications used and the thorny question of "how long to treat?". <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared