tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Combined Ascitic-Fluid and Furosemide Infusion in the Management of Ascites
Authors: G. Eknoyan, M. Martinez-Maldonado, J. J. Yium, W. N. Suki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

The effect of ascitic-fluid infusion and furosemide administration alone and in combination was studied acutely in eight patients with massive ascites. Ascitic-fluid infusion alone increased glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and potassium excretion, with no change in urine volume or sodium excretion. Furosemide infusion alone produced no change in glomerular filtration rate or renal plasma flow, but increased urinary volume, sodium and potassium excretion. The effects of combined ascitic-fluid and furosemide infusion were more pronounced, resulting in a rise of 32 to 152 per cent in glomerular filtration rate, and of 33 to 210 per cent in renal plasma flow. This was associated with an increase in urine volume from 0.76 ± 0.4 to 19.2 ± 8.2 ml per minute, in sodium excretion from 8 ± 9 to 1852 ± 876 µEq per minute, and in potassium excretion from 46 ± 23 to 397 ± 148 µEq per minute. Weight loss ranged from 1.8 to 6.8 kg (4 to 15 lb). There was no deterioration in renal function during the week after the infusions.
A BIOMARKER RISK SCORE INCORPORATING MYOCARDIAL INJURY, INFLAMMATION, COAGULATION AND CELLULAR STRESS IMPROVES THE PREDICTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Authors: Salim Hayek, Yi-An Ko, Mosaab Awad, Hina Ahmed, Brandon Gray, Keyur Patel, Iraj Hesaroieh, Joy Hartsfield, Ravila Bhimani, Neal Patel, Hiroshi Aida, Arianna Sidoti, Jonathan Kim, Peter Wilson, Leslee Shaw, Agim Beshiri, Stephen Epstein, Arshed Quyyumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Plasma Alpha Amino Nitrogen Levels in Patients with Thermal Burns
Authors: S. M. Levenson, M. A. Adams, R. W. Green, C. C. Lund, F. H. L. Taylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

INCREASES in the concentration of plasma amino acids following burns have been reported by Glenn, Muus and Drinker1 in calves, and by Harkins and Long2 in rats. The present communication reports a study of the plasma alpha amino nitrogen concentration in human beings with extensive burns.MethodsTwelve patients with severe burns admitted to the Boston City Hospital during the period 1943 to 1945 were studied. The essential details are summarized in Table 1. The area of burn was estimated by the method of Lund and Browder,3 and the depth of burn classified according to the method of Converse and Robb—Smith. . . .
A8.6 FRZB is a Critical Modulator of Canonical WNT Signalling in Cartilage Biology
Authors: S Thysen, F Cailotto, FP Luyten, R Lories
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background and Objectives</h3> Polymorphisms in Frizzled-related protein (<i>FRZB</i>), a WNT antagonist, have been associated with osteoarthritis (OA). However, a recent meta-analysis failed to find a consistent effect of FRZB genetic variants on OA susceptibility. Our transcriptomics analysis in <i>Frzb</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice provided evidence for a tight regulation of WNT signalling and highlighted the complex role for <i>FRZB</i> in joint homeostasis. We previously demonstrated that <i>Frzb <sup>-/-</sup></i> mice have increased damage when dramatically challenged by papain, collagenase or severe inflammation. As these models are acute and short-term, we aimed to further investigate the effect of <i>Frzb</i> loss in a true translational model of OA and to study molecular interactions in the ATDC5 micromass in vitro model using RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Surgical destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM) was performed on the right knee of eight-week-old male <i>Frzb</i><sup>-/-</sup> and wild-type mice. Eight weeks after surgery, mice were sacrificed and histological scores were determined for the femoral and tibial articular surfaces following the OARSI histopathology initiative guidelines. <h3>Results</h3> Overexpression of <i>Frzb</i> in ATDC5 micro-masses boosted chondrogenesis with up-regulation of <i>Col2a1</i> and <i>Aggrecan</i> transcription, whereas downregulation of <i>Frzb</i> lead to a decreased expression of <i>Col2a1</i> and <i>Aggrecan</i>. These results corresponded with a reduction or increase in the activation of canonical WNT signalling pathway, respectively. Fluctuating levels of <i>Frzb</i> did not influence the Wnt/CamKII signalling pathway. The semi-quantitative <i>OARSI</i> score showed a significant increase in cartilage erosion in DMM-operated <i>Frzb <sup>-/-</sup></i> mice compared to wild-type. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data show that, in addition to the higher susceptibility to OA in acute induced models, <i>Frzb</i><sup>-/-</sup> mice are more prone to OA in a full translational model of the disease characterised by slowly progressive joint damage. Overexpression of <i>Frzb</i> stimulates chondrogenesis by its inhibitory role on Wnt/beta-catenin signalling.
O9.06 * PROGNOSTIC RELEVANCE AND ONCOGENIC CORRELATES OF EPILEPSY IN GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS
Authors: S. Berendsen, J. Kroonen, T. Seute, T. Snijders, M. L. D. Broekman, W. G. M. Spliet, M. Willems, M. Artesi, V. Bours, P. A. Robe
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: In 30-40% of glioblastoma patients, the disease present with an epileptic seizure. Some studies suggest that tumor-associated epilepsy influences the survival of glioblastoma patients, possibly due to early diagnosis or the tumors' biology. However, the in vivo mechanisms underlying the suggested prognostic effect of epilepsy in glioblastoma patients are still unclear. METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, we investigated the effect of epilepsy on survival of 230 glioblastoma patients using multivariate Weibull analysis. Gene set enrichment analyses defined the transcriptional effects of epilepsy and anti-epileptic drug treatments using gene expression microarrays of 50 fresh frozen surgical specimens. Protein expression was analyzed using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays containing surgical specimens of 230 patients. In vitro reporter gene assays, western blotting, kinase assays and immunocytochemistry experiments were performed to confirm our findings. RESULTS: Epilepsy is an independent prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients (HR 0.71, 95%CI: 0.53 - 0.96, p = 0.024), irrespective of other clinical characteristics. The epilepsy subgroup displayed a distinct gene expression pattern, with a significant downregulation of, notably, the oncologically relevant NF-κB, C/EBPβ and STAT3, -5A and -5B transcription factor associated genes. At a protein level, a significant downregulation of phosphorylated STAT3 and C/EBPβ expression, but not of phosphorylated STAT5b or NF-κB p65, was confirmed in the surgical samples. In addition, a significant repression of NF-κB was observed in the patients who were treated with the anti-epileptic drug valproic acid (VPA) prior to their surgery. In vitro, VPA inhibited NF-κB transcriptional activity and was shown to increase acetylated histone H3 and H4 expression. CONCLUSION: Glioblastoma patients with tumor-associated epilepsy form a distinct subgroup with a favorable prognosis and a distinct gene expression pattern involving downregulation of oncologically relevant pathways. The anti-epileptic drug VPA downregulates NF-κB signaling, which might, as suggested in recent literature, contribute to a longer survival of glioblastoma patients.
P383 EFFECT OF PREGNANE X RECEPTOR (PXR) AND CONSTITUTIVE ANDROSTANE RECEPTOR (CAR) ON CYTOCHROME P3A ENZYMES IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF CHOLESTASIS
Authors: S. De Martin, D. Gabbia, T. Baldovin, R. Lazzari, C. Mescoli, V. Baldo, A. Floreani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Hyperamylasemia from the Binding of Serum Amylase by an 11S IgA Globulin
Authors: Michael D. Levitt, Sidney R. Cooperband
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

A patient with persistent hyperamylasemia and a low renal clearance of amylase was found to have an abnormally large serum amylase (11S). This large amylase, as shown by preparative ultracentrifugation and gel filtration, comprised 95 per cent of amylase in serum and 5 per cent of that in fasting small-bowel contents. Remaining amylases in serum, intestinal fluid, urine and saliva were of normal size (4–5S). The abnormal amylase was specifically precipitated with anti-IgA antiserum. Mercaptoethanol reduced the sedimentation coefficient of the large amylase to 7–8S; treatment at pH 3.4 reduced its sedimentation coefficient to normal (4–5S). Gel filtration at pH 3.4 resulted in the separation of an amylase that was normal in size and enzyme kinetics. The globulins isolated by acid dissociation bound amylase present in normal serum and increased its size to 11S. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that hyperamylasemia and large-sized amylase result from the binding of normal amylase by an abnormal 11S IgA globulin in a unique autoimmune reaction.
SELECTIVE VASOPRESSIN V2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST DRUGS FOR PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS AND ASCITES
Authors: N.C. Chavez-Tapia, T. Barrientos-Gutierrez, J.J. Santiago-Hernandez, F. Tellez-Avila, N. Mendez-Sanchez, M. Uribe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Invasive breast carcinoma of 1 cm or smaller: risk of nodal involvement and prognosis.
Authors: A Ferro, A Caldara, R Triolo, M Frisinghelli, R Micciolo, M Barbareschi, E Leonardi, M Pellegrini, D Bernardi, D Cazzolli, G Berlarnda, S Mussari, E Galligioni
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1075 Background: Screening mammography has increased the frequency of diagnosis of small (≤1 cm) invasive breast cancer (BC), for which the prognosis after locoregional therapy remains controversial.&amp;#x2028; Patients and methods: We have performed a retrospective analysis of 882 patients with ≤1 cm BC and positive or negative-nodes, treated in our Institution from 1990 to 2005. Risks of axillary nodes involvement (ANI), relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to: age, tumor size, histologic type and grading, ER and PgR status and MIB-1, HER-2 and p53 immuno histochemical expression.&amp;#x2028; Results: Median age at diagnosis was 57 years (range: 20 - 86 years). Tumor size was: 71 Tmic (a single focus of invasive carcinoma ≤ 2 mm or up to 3 foci ≤1 mm in greatest dimensions, according to Silver and Tavassoli), 225 T1a (&amp;gt;2 -5 mm) and 586 T1b (&amp;gt;5–10 mm). ANI was found in 122 cases (13,8%): only 1 inT1mic (1,4%), 21 in T1a (9,3%) and 100 in T1b (17%). Tumor size, young age, poor differentiation and ductal histology were significantly associated with ANI (p=0.01). Local relapses were: 3 in Tmic pts(2 DCIS and 1 invasive), 13 in T1a, 22 in T1b. Distant metastases were: 1 in Tmic pts, 11 in T1a, 17 in T1b. At a median follow up of 92 months, RFS was 86,4% (Tmic: 86,8%, T1a: 86,2%; T1b: 86,2%). BC-specific mortality was 2% for T1mic, 3,3% for T1a, 3,8% for T1b accounting for an OS of 96,6%. Nodal involvement was the more relevant prognostic factor for survival, followed by young age, poor differentiation, high MIB-1 and p53.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: In pts with 1 cm or smaller Invasive Breast Carcinoma, the risk of ANI is low, but not negligible, particularly for T1b tumors. Furthermore, the prognosis of these pts is influenced by high histological grade and young age. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1075.
Estrogen Deprivation Results in Altered DNA Methylation Profile in Breast Cancer Cells – Role in Endocrine Resistance?
Authors: T. Pathiraja, Y. Xi, A. Lee, R. Santen, F. Gannon, B. Kaipparettu, J. Chang, W. Li, S. Oesterreich
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Postmenopausal breast cancer patients benefit from aromatase inhibitors (AIs) that reduce the levels of estrogens which are critical for tumor growth. To date, epigenetic contributions to hormonal therapy resistance have not been well characterized, with only a limited understanding of antiestrogen mediated epigenetic modification of chromatin and altered gene expression. Furthermore, no genome-wide studies have been undertaken to identify altered DNA methylation patterns due to estrogen deprivation, which mimic AI therapy. We hypothesized that estrogen deprivation results in altered methylation, and therefore altered expression of critical target genes in breast cancer cells, which ultimately helps the cell to survive in the absence of estrogen and thus would contribute to acquire AI resistance in breast cancer patients.We used previously established MCF-7 cell clones, termed C4-12 and LTED (Long Term Estrogen Deprivation) that were isolated after being cultured in estrogen-free media for 9 months and 18-24 months, respectively. A genome-wide methylation screen was done using Methyl CpG binding Domain (MBD) pull down assay followed by hybridization into Affymetrix Human Promoter 1.0R Array. Altered DNA methylations were validated by bisulfite genomic sequencing assays and gene expression of some selected genes were studied by qRT PCR.From the array, we found that long term estrogen deprivation results in widespread genomic hyper- and hypomethylation events. 267 and 301 genes were hypermethylated in C4-12 and LTED respectively. In both resistant cell lines, the number of hypermethyled genes was more prominent than hypomethylated genes since only 82 and 97 genes were hypomethylated in C4-12 and LTED respectively. While hypomethylation of genes generally correlated with increased gene expression, hypermethylation did not in many cases. A gene which was heavily methylated in both cell line system, possibly reflecting a more general and important pathway in estrogen-deprivation, was HOXC10. Transient and stable silencing of HOXC10 in MCF-7 cells resulted in increased cell proliferation in estrogen deprived medium, suggesting a potential role of HOXC10 in developing resistance to endocrine therapy.This is the first genome-wide approach to identify gene-specific epigenetic alterations, and the functional consequences of these changes in developing resistance to estrogen deprivation therapy. This approach allows the development of epigenetic signatures of therapeutic resistance to be used concurrently with genomic signatures to better understand the molecular mechanism of endocrine resistance. This study might provide the basis for future clinical trials such as combination therapy of DNA demethylating agents and aromatase inhibitors. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5127.
Ventricular Fibrillation during Catheterization of the Right Side of the Heart Terminated Successfully by External Defibrillation
Authors: Arthur A. Sasahara, Abraham M. Rudolph, Julien I. E. Hoffman, Anna J. Hauck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

TRANSIENT arrhythmias are frequently encountered during catheterization of the right side of the heart.1 They occur most frequently during manipulation of the catheter in the atrium as isolated atrial ectopic beats or short bursts of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia. When the catheter enters the right ventricle, particularly the area just beyond the tricuspid valve, or the outflow tract, stimulation of the wall results in ventricular ectopic beats or even short bursts of ventricular tachycardia. The latter arrhythmia is probably encountered more often in children with congenital heart disease because of the increased difficulty in passing the catheter into the pulmonary artery, . . .
Relation of Serum Lipoprotein(a) Concentration and Apolipoprotein(a) Phenotype to Coronary Heart Disease in Patients with Familial Hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Mary Seed, Fritz Hoppichler, David Reaveley, Susan McCarthy, Gilbert R. Thompson, Eric Boerwinkle, Gerd Utermann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Familial hypercholesterolemia carries a marked increase in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), but there is considerable variation between individuals in susceptibility to CHD. To investigate the possible role of lipoprotein(a) as a risk factor for CHD, we studied the association between serum lipoprotein(a) levels, genetic types of apolipoprotein(a) (which influence lipoprotein(a) levels), and CHD in 115 patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
SAT0149 Biologic Therapy: Switching and Dose Modification in Refractory Uveitis of Behcet’S Syndrome. Multicenter Study of 108 Patients
Authors: V. Calvo-Río, R. Blanco, E. Beltran, J. S-Bursón, M. Mesquida, A. Adán, M. Hdez-Grafella, E. Valls, L. Mtnez-Costa, A. Sellas, M. Cordero-Coma, M. D-Llopis, D. Salom, J. G-Serrano, N. Ortego, J. Herreras, A. Fonollosa, A. Aparicio, O. Maíz, A. Blanco, I. Torre, C. Fdez-Espartero, V. Jovani, D. Peitado, E. Pato, J. Cruz, C. Fdez-Cid, E. Aurrecoechea, M. García, M. Caracuel, C. Montilla, A. Atanes, F. Francisco, S. Insua, S. Glez-Suárez, A. Schez-Andrade, F. Gamero, L. Linares, F. Romero, J. García, J. Loricera, M. G-Gay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> In patients undergoing a biologic due to uveitis associated to Behçet´s syndrome (BS) may occurr: a)switched to another because of insufficient response (IR), toxicity, or change in the route of administration, b)discontinuation or reduction of dose due to remission. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study these situations in a large series of BS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> Study of 108 patients with uveitis refractory to conventional therapy who required at least 1 biologic. Standard dose of Infliximab (IFX): 5 mg/k/iv at 0,2,6 and every 4-8 weeks, Adalimumab (ADA) 40 mg/sc/2 weeks, golimumab (Goli) 50 mg/4 weeks, tocilizumab (TCZ) 8 mg/kg/iv/4 weeks and rituximab (RTX) 1g/iv/15 days (2 doses) every 6 months. <h3>Results</h3> Biologic used as the 1st choice: IFX (65 patients) or ADA (43). IFX-treated patients received IFX at 5 mg/k/i.v. (59 cases), 3 mg/kg (5), IFX 4 mg/kg (1). Initial IFX was changed to another single biologic in 26 cases; 24 to ADA, 1 to RTX, and 1 to etanercept. The initial ADA was changed to another single biologic in 6 cases; 2 to Goli, 4 to IFX and 1 to TCZ. In 3 cases there was a double biologic switching, ADA to Goli and to IFX (2 cases) and IFX to ADA and to TCZ (1 case). Improvement was achieved in: 9 of 11 patients with switching from IFX to ADA because of IR and in 2 of the 3 switched from ADA to another biologic. In 54 (50%) patients in persistent remission the dose was reduced or discontinued. IFX was decreased from 5 to 3 mg/k/iv (4 patients) or the interval was increased (22 patients). ADA interval was increased for more than 2 weeks (11 patients). Biologic was discontinued in 17 cases (11 IFX and 6 ADA). After a mean follow-up of 10.4±8.7 months after discontinuation, 13 of 17 remained on remission while 4 had a flare that led to the resumption of the same agent achieving remission again. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Switching of biologic agents may be useful. Once clinical remission is achieved, dose reduction or discontinuation of the biologic may be obtained <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P3-04-06: Comparison of MammaPrint, BluePrint, and TargetPrint with Clinical Parameters in Patients with Breast Cancer: Findings from a Prospective United States Cohort.
Authors: B Nguyen, R Sinha, D Kerlin, J Barone, A Garcia, K Yao, E Rivera, L Stork-Sloots, K Deck
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: MammaPrint (MP) is a powerful predictor of disease outcome in early stage breast cancer. In addition, TargetPrint (TP), a quality approved microarray-based test that measures the mRNA expression level of ER, PR and HER2 and an 80 gene expression Molecular Subtyping profile BluePrint (BP) were developed. In the present study, MP, BP and TP were measured in a prospective U.S. breast cancer patient cohort. Methods: MP results were evaluated in fresh tumor samples from 141 breast cancer patients (T1-4N0-2; median age 62 [35-97 yr]) collected by core needle biopsy or from a surgical specimen between July 2008 and February 2011. We compared treatment advice as recommended by NCCN guidelines and classification according to MP. In addition, we compared IHC/FISHER, PR and HER2 assessments with TP. The MP and BP results were used to subtype the patients into molecular subgroups. Results: For the group of patients (n=69) for which NCCN recommends the use of a multi-gene signature for determining chemotherapy treatment recommendations, 50 patients were classified as High Risk and 19 as Low Risk by MP. Comparison of TP with IHC/FISH indicated a concordance of 98% for ER, 91% for PR, and 94% for HER2. For a subgroup of 63 patients combined MP and BP results were available; 22 patients were Luminal-type/MP Low Risk, 31 patients were Luminal-type/MP High risk, 1 patient was Her2-type/MP Low Risk, 2 patients were Her2-type/MP High Risk and 7 patients were Basal-type/MP High Risk. Conclusion:The multi-gene signature MammaPrint, as well as BluePrint and TargetPrint provides additional information for treatment guidance. By combining MammaPrint with the BluePrint molecular subtyping profile, specific groups of patients can be recognized that are at high risk of recurrence and that would possibly benefit from specific treatment. This study shows that TargetPrint provides high quality second opinion for local IHC/FISH assessment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-06.
Case 20-2014
Authors: Kathleen M. Finn, Leo C. Ginns, Gregory K. Robbins, Carol C. Wu, John A. Branda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 65-year-old man with a history of emphysema and inflammatory colitis was admitted to this hospital because of dyspnea, hypoxemia, and progressively worsening lung disease. Chest imaging revealed diffuse ground-glass opacities. Diagnostic tests were performed.
Case 10-1991
Authors: Seymour Reichlin, Jean-Paul Vonsattel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Presentation of CaseA 30-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of headaches, visual blurring, sexual dysfunction, polydipsia, and polyphagia.The patient was well until six months earlier, when he began to experience increased thirst, polydipsia, and polyuria. He consulted a physician and was reassured that his blood glucose was normal. His symptoms continued; his appetite increased, and his weight rose from 90 to 120 kg. He became aware of increased fatigability and irritability, with impaired memory, reduced libido, a problem in initiating and sustaining erections, and increasing somnolence. Two or three months before admission he began to have . . .
Case 10-1999
Authors: David C. Harmon, Eugene J. Mark, Jean-Paul Vonsattel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Presentation of CaseA 53-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of acute renal failure, with cortical blindness and respiratory distress.The patient had been well until five months earlier, when progressive epigastric pain developed. A physical examination performed 11 weeks before admission showed only mild, diffuse abdominal tenderness. A rectal examination showed normal findings, and a test for occult blood was negative. Hematologic and blood chemical values were normal, as were the levels of enzymes, carcinoembryonic antigen, and prostate-specific antigen. A test for antibodies to Helicobacter pylori was positive. The patient was unable to tolerate omeprazole or clarithromycin, . . .