tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4424: Antitumor activities of targeted therapeutic agents in preclinical models of gastric cancer
Authors: Conglin Fan, Bernadette Pascual, Ying Wu, Pamela Whalen, Yuli Wang, David Pocalyko, Gang Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent cancer types in Asia, and the 2nd most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Although considerable advances have been made with the use of improved surgical techniques and chemotherapy regimens, the prognosis for most GC patients remains poor. Therefore there is an urgent medical need for novel, effective targeted therapeutic agents for GC. One of the key drivers for a successful drug discovery program is utilization of predictive preclinical models that represent the patients of interest. Through internal efforts and collaborations we have developed subcutaneous (SC), orthotopic, syngeneic and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models for target validation and pharmacological studies. Here we report the establishment of various cell line-derived mouse models of GC, and their validation with targeted therapeutic agents. In SC models of MKN-74, NCI-N87 and MKN-45, sunitinib malate significantly inhibited tumor growth. To establish orthotopic GC model, luciferase-expressing MKN-74 and NCI-N87 cells were first SC implanted in athymic nude mice. Four weeks after in vivo propagation, tumor fragments (1 mm3) were surgically implanted to the stomach wall in the greater curvature region. Primary tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis were monitored by bioluminescent imaging. Sunitinib malate treatment inhibited primary tumor growth but the effect on metastasis was inconclusive. Furthermore, PF-299804, an orally available irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor, inhibited in vivo growth of NCI-N87 (with ERBB2 amplification), but not of AGS (without ERBB2 amplification). Both sunitinib malate and PF-299804 were well tolerated by the animals during the course of the studies. These results support anti-angiogenesis and as a valid approach for effective treatment of GC, and preclinically demonstrated the importance of patient selection for targeted agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4424. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4424
Book: The Aesculapian
Authors: D. Woods
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Dan Cloud Frederic C Beil, £18.44, pp 359 ISBN 0 913720 98 4 ——————— Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> The American Medical Association (AMA) has a propensity for what might be dubbed autopedicide—shooting itself in the foot. It recently had to extricate itself, at a cost of almost $10m, from an ill conceived promotional partnership with an electrical products company and then precipitately fired its long time journal editor for what seemed to be, at worst, a minor lapse of editorial judgment. But none of that compares with the antics of the fictional AMA portrayed in this first novel by Dan Cloud, a former president of the association. Here, a … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Mechanisms of <i>nab</i>-paclitaxel and bevacizumab cooperation in inhibition of breast tumor growth and metastasis.
Authors: L Volk, A Stutzman, M Flister, K Hall, D Chihade, N Desai, V Trieu, S Ran
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1032 Background: Nab-paclitaxel, also known as Abraxane®, is paclitaxel formulated in nanoparticles that consist of human albumin encapsulating the hydrophobic drug moiety. This drug has shown numerous advantages including linear pharmacokinetics, significantly higher tumor retention, and increased maximal-tolerated dose due to reduced toxicity. We previously showed that combination of Abraxane and anti-VEGF-A antibody, bevacizumab, is significantly more efficacious in suppression of breast tumor xenografts and metastasis as compared to treatments with each of these drugs alone. We hypothesized that the mechanism underlying the therapeutic success of the combined therapy might include bevacizumab-dependent abrogation of the stress response elicited by paclitaxel in the tumor cells surviving chemotherapy.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: Cultured MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 30 nM of Abraxane followed by detection of angiogenic (VEGF-A), prosurvival (p42 &amp; p44 kinase, bcl-2) and inflammatory (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) proteins using Western blotting and ELISA. MDA-MB-231 tumors were extracted from mice upon cessation of intravenous (IV) Abraxane therapy (10 to 30 mg/kg, qdx5) followed by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses.&amp;#x2028; Results: In vitro, Abraxane treatment increased expression of VEGF-A, p42/44 kinase, bcl-2 as well as total and phosphorylated p65 subunit of NF-κB. Treated cells secreted 25- to 30-fold higher concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α into conditioned media as compared with untreated control cells. Likewise, significant increases in bcl-2 and inflammatory cytokines were observed in tumors extracted immediately after paclitaxel therapy in vivo as confirmed by both Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: These findings suggest that paclitaxel elicits VEGF-A dependent prosurvival and proinflammatory stress responses in tumor cells surviving the cytotoxic therapy. Activation of these pathways suggests that concurrent therapy with VEGF-A neutralizing antibody might significantly improve the efficacy of paclitaxel-based therapies by counteracting the stress responses in the therapy-spared tumor cells. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1032.
THU0081 Pregnancy Outcome in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis – A National Register Study: Table 1.
Authors: G. Jakobsson, O. Stephansson, J. Askling, L.T. Jacobsson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) often starts in fertile age and is characterized by back pain, local and systemic inflammation, and may require systemic treatment. <h3>Objectives</h3> Other chronic inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis affect pregnancy and birth outcomes, but for AS this has not been studied, which was the aim of this study. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a, nationwide, registry- and population-based care-control study. Cases were identified by diagnosis of an ICD code for AS in the Swedish national patient register at a visit to a specialist in rheumatology or internal medicine. For each index case 5 controls were identified matched for birth year, time and county at first AS diagnosis. Data on cases and controls were linked to the Medical Birth Register (MBR) for identification of first pregnancy and related birth outcomes and to Statistics Sweden (educational level). Cases and matched controls were included if they had their first singleton birth after inclusion, i.e. after diagnoses of AS for cases. Relative risks were assessed using conditional logistic regression models. <h3>Results</h3> In total, we identified 172 first time singleton deliveries among women with a history of a diagnosis of AS from 2001 and onwards before delivery, and 469 deliveries among the matched general population controls. Caesarean section was more common and pregnancies tended to be of shorter gestational age in AS patients compared to controls. Adjustment for smoking habits, BMI and educational level did not change point estimates of relative risk. Sensitivity analyses restricted to women with AS diagnosis before start of gestation resulted in similar point estimates. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Women with AS had increased risk of being delivered with Caesarean section, both planned and acute and had a tendency for preterm birth. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3242
Thallium-201 SPECT in Differentiating Bone Infarction From Metastatic Lesions in Osteosarcoma
Authors: AYUKO HORI, HISASHI SUMIYA, JUNICHI TAKI, NORIHISA TONAMI, HIROYUKI TSUCHIYA, KATSURO TOMITA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

The authors present a case of bone infarction in the proximal epiphysis of the right tibia, which was caused by preoperative intraarterial chemotherapy for osteosarcoma. MR imaging revealed that suspected metastases had inhomogeneous signal intensity similar to that of the primary tumor, which made a metastatic lesion difficult to exclude. On TI-201 SPECT, no accumulation was found in the lesions, confirming that they were not osseous metastases. Consequently, this enabled limb salvage surgery to be performed with joint preservation. Intraoperative biopsy revealed no viable tumor cells in the lesion, and bone infarction was suspected. TI-201 SPECT was very useful, not only in differentiating bone infarction from tumor progression, including metastatic lesions, but also in the determination of the operative technique.
Incidental Finding of the Nutcracker Phenomenon Detected by 18F-FDGPET/CT
Authors: Byeong-Cheol Ahn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital, Daegu, South Korea. [email protected] Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared. This work was supported by Kyungpook National University Research Fund, 2013.
Superiority of resection over enucleation for schwannomas of the cervical vagus nerve: A retrospective cohort study of 22 consecutive patients
Authors: Giulio Illuminati, Giulia Pizzardi, Antonio Minni, Federica Masci, Bernardo Ciamberlano, Rocco Pasqua, Francesco G. Calio, Francesco Vietri
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2016)
Cytotoxic effects of crystal proteins from <i>Bacillus thuringiensis</i> against breast cancer cells.
Authors: BD Tharakan, G Devaki, HB Nair, J Padikkala
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #3077 Insecticidal crystal proteins (ICPs) produced by the Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis during sporulation, are widely used as bioinsecticides against lepidopteran larvae. The pro-protein, upon ingestion by larvae, is processed to an active form by proteases in midgut and binds to a specific receptor on the membrane surface of epithelial gut cells. This leads to permeable pore formation in the membrane surface and finally the death of the insects. The genes for crystal protein appear to reside on plasmids and shows high degree of diversity. Recent studies have shown that these potent toxins also exhibit selective cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cells. In the present study, the cytotoxic effect of proteins extracted from three native strains of Bacillus thuringiensis from the Western Ghats of Kerala (India) was investigated. Crysal protein was harvested from 72h old cultures in sporulating medium, after confirming lysis of cells and release of crystal protein. The proteins were isolated and characterized through various chromatographic and electrophoretic procedures. The pro-protein isolated was activated and subjected in vitro cytotoxicity assay on various normal as well as breast cancer cell lines including MCF-7,MDA-MB-231, ZR-75 and SKBR3. The protein was found to have strong cytocidal activities against tumour cells and treated cells showed remarkable morphological alterations including cytoplasmic blebbing, cytoskeletal alterations etc. Considering these results, we suggest that the receptor mediated action of crystal proteins against tumour cells may have a new target in the therapeutic as well as diagnostic field of cancer therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3077.
582 METAL METABOLISM IMPAIRMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY
Authors: M. Marano, U. Vespasiani Gentilucci, C. Altamura, G. Galati, C. Mazzarelli, F. Ursini, M. Tombini, L. Quintiliani, M. Siotto, R. Squitti, F. Vernieri, A. Picardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
SAT0145 Increased Carotid Arterial Stiffness in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessed by Echo-Tracking Ultrasonography
Authors: G.-T. Kim, E.-K. Park, S.-G. Lee, S.-H. Baek, S.-H. Kim, J.-H. Lee, J.-W. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> A growing body of evidence supports that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Early detection of vascular lesions in the preclinical phase would be of great benefit for CVD prevention and its prognosis. Several non-invasive methods have been developed and used for early detection of vascular changes in patients with RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to investigate the carotid arterial stiffness in RA patients without cardiovascular risk factors using echo-tracking ultrasonography and its association with clinical parameters of RA. <h3>Methods</h3> This study included 51 female RA patients and 44 female healthy controls without any known traditional CV risk factors. Arterial stiffness index β (β index) is assessed by echo-tracking ultrasonography in the common carotid artery (CCA) and the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) were also measured. RA activity was assessed by high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and disease activity score in 28 joints (DAS28). 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) were checked. <h3>Results</h3> Compared with the control group, the RA group were significantly higher β index (9.371±2.927 vs 7.397±3.140, p=0.02). However, we did not find any differences in IMT between two groups. In the RA group, β index was significantly correlated with age (r =0.435, p=0.001), disease duration (r=0.373, p=0.007) and RF (r=0.412, p=0.003). Older age and longer disease duration were associated with increased β index in univariable regression analyses (Table 1). Multivariable regression analysis also revealed that the significant predictors of β index were age and disease duration after adjustment for confounding factors (Table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> RA is associated with preclinical vascular changes, characterized by increased carotid β index values, which have been shown to be related to age and disease duration rather than autoantibodies or disease activity. <h3>References</h3> Villa-Forte A, Mandell BF. Cardiovascular disease and rheumatic disease. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011;64(9):809-817. Mackenzie IS, Wilkinson IB, Cockcroft JR. Assessment of arterial stiffness in clinical practice. QJM 2002;95(2):67-74. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2897
Fetal Origin of the Posterior Cerebral Artery Demonstrated on Tc-99m Hexamethylpropyleneamine Oxime Brain SPECT Balloon Occlusion Test
Authors: Floyd Daniel Dunnavant, Pradeep G. Bhambhvani, Katherine E. Perrien Lursen, Joseph A. Horton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

Fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery is a common variant of the circle of Willis. We present the case of a 78-year-old man with a right carotid space mass who underwent a preoperative right carotid artery balloon occlusion test. Brain SPECT after injection of Tc-99m hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime demonstrated markedly decreased regional cerebral blood flow to the entire right cerebral hemisphere. Notably, blood flow to the right occipital lobe was also decreased, suggesting a fetal origin of the posterior cerebral artery, which was confirmed with angiography. Additionally, SPECT images demonstrated decreased left cerebellar blood flow, consistent with crossed cerebellar diaschisis.
FRI0027 Pro-resolving lipid mediators are present in the joints of osteoarthritis patients
Authors: M. Giera, C. Serhan, M. Kloppenburg, O. Mayboroda, A. Deelder, R. Toes, A. Ioan-Facsinay
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Pro-resolving lipid mediators (LM), such as resolvins, protectins and maresins, are powerful molecules that have a critical role in limiting inflammation and promoting tissue regeneration. Biochemically they are derived from the enzymatic oxygenation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids by lipoxygenases (LOX). Some LOX involved in the generation of pro-resolving LM have been suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) in humans (1,2). However, it is currently unclear whether pro-resolving pathways are activated in the osteoarthritic joint, as the presence of pro-resolving LM or their precursors was not yet investigated. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed at investigating the presence and abundance of pro-resolving LM and their precursors in synovial fluid (SF) of OA patients compared to Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. <h3>Methods</h3> SF samples from OA (n=8) and RA (n=9) patients visiting the outpatient clinic of the department of Rheumatology were collected. A targeted LC-MS (MS) lipidomics platform based on a QTrap mass spectrometer for the highly sensitive determination of several lipid mediators was used. <h3>Results</h3> The presence of LM could be proven in 4 of the OA and 5 of the RA patient samples. The pro-resolving LM resolvin D5 and maresin 1 were readily detectable and were accompanied by the presence of pro-inflammatory mediators such as leukotriene B4 and anti-inflammatory LM, such as lipoxin A4 and B4. Notably, the pro-inflammatory prostaglandins E2 and D2 could be detected in only 1 OA sample, while they were present in all 5 RA samples. Hydroxy derivatives of polyunsaturated fatty acids (HETE, HEPE and HDHA) which are precursors and biomarkers for LM were additionally detected in both patient groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study indicates that a previously unrecognized pathway is likely activated in the knee joint of OA patients, as evidentiated by the presence of pro-resolving LM and their precursors in SF of these patients. <h3>References</h3> Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy 2009, 11:R44 Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy 2008, 10:R85 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Occurrence of Gastric Cancer among Patients with Pernicious Anemia at the Boston City Hospital
Authors: Norman Zamchegk, Ernest Grable, Allyn Ley, Leona Norman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ALTHOUGH it is generally recognized that gastric cancer occurs with increased frequency in patients with pernicious anemia,1 2 3 reported rates vary widely from a low of 0.16 per cent4 to a high of 14.9 per cent.5 Differences in the sampling methods, the relatively small number of patients with pernicious anemia available at any one clinic and the differing criteria utilized for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia contribute to the disparity among these figures. Many patients with pernicious anemia are seen at the Boston City Hospital every year. To assess the practicality of routine screening of these patients for gastric cancer it . . .
Abstract 729: Chimeric antibodies to tumor antigen CEA improve detection of human colon cancer for fluorescence-guided surgery.
Authors: Cristina A. Metildi, Sharmeela Kaushal, George A. Luiken, Robert M. Hoffman, Michael Bouvet
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Mouse models of human colon cancer were established with fragments of a CEA-expressing patient colon tumor. Mice received tail vein injections of a human-mouse chimeric anti-CEA-Alexa-488 antibody or mouse anti-CEA-Alexa-488 antibody 24 hours prior to fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS). Pre- and post-operative images were obtained to assess for completeness of resection. Mice were subsequently followed for 6 months post-operatively to assess for tumor recurrence and overall survival. At termination, all tumor lesions were harvested and evaluated histologically. Furthermore, the chimeric antibody was tested on frozen tumor and normal tissue arrays comparing it to the mouse antibody. The chimeric antibody demonstrated improved sensitivity and specificity in labeling the CEA-expressing tumor compared to the mouse antibody. The conjugation efficiency of the fluorophore to the chimeric antibody was 2-fold higher than that of the mouse antibody. On frozen tumor tissue arrays, the signal intensity of the chimeric antibody was significantly brighter compared to the mouse antibody indicating improved binding to tumor tissue. The chimeric antibody demonstrated improved specificity as shown by the lower signal intensity in normal human tissue samples compared to the mouse antibody indicating decreased binding of the chimeric antibody. The animals injected with the chimeric antibody had more effective FGS than the animals injected with the mouse antibody indicating improved visualization of tumor margins by the chimeric antibody. The humanized chimeric antibody has greater potential for clinical application for FGS than a mouse antibody. Citation Format: Cristina A. Metildi, Sharmeela Kaushal, George A. Luiken, Robert M. Hoffman, Michael Bouvet. Chimeric antibodies to tumor antigen CEA improve detection of human colon cancer for fluorescence-guided surgery. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 729. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-729