tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0463 Cutanoeous vasculitis associated to severe infection: study of 27 patients
Authors: J. Loricera, V. Calvo-Río, F. Ortiz-Sanjuán, H. Fernández-Llaca, M. A. González-López, M. C. González-Vela, C. Mata, J. Rueda-Gotor, L. Álvarez, D. González-Lamuño, V. M. Martínez-Taboada, M.Á. González-Gay, R. Blanco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Cutaneous vasculitis (CV) can be a clinical manifestation of a severe infection. In such cases a delayed diagnosis or the use of immunosuppressive therapy may impair the prognosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our objective was to determine the frequency, subtypes of major infections and clinical characteristics of CV associated to severe infections. <h3>Methods</h3> Study of a large series of 817 unselected patients with CV seen in the same hospital. A CV was considered as secondary to infection when it was associated to a severe infection and antibiotics were needed for the resolution of the vasculitis. The diagnosis of CV required histological confirmation. <h3>Results</h3> In 27 (22 men/5 women) (mean age±SD; 52.5±17.6 years) of 817 patients (3.3%) the CV was associated to a major underlying infection: pneumonia (8 cases), endocarditis (6 cases), meningitis (4 cases), abdominal infection (3 cases), septic arthritis (2 cases), septicemia (2 cases), septic bursitis (1 case), and 1 urinary tract infection (1 case). In all cases, the vasculitic skin lesions were observed at the beginning of the clinical syndrome. The types of skin lesions were palpable purpura (26 patients) and erythematous lesions (1 case). The most common location was the lower limbs. The mean duration of skin lesions was 15±6.9 days. In addition to the specific clinical manifestation of each infection, other clinical manifestations were fever (21 patients) and constitutional syndrome (5 patients). There was not severe visceral vasculitic involvement in any case. Laboratory findings showed, leukocytosis (27 patients), elevated ESR (18 patients), anemia (16 cases), mild hematuria (8 cases), positive rheumatoid factor (6 patients), positive ANA (5 patients), decreased C3 (2 patients), and circulating cryoglobulins (3 cases). None of the 27 patients developed a connective tissue disease in the follow-up. All the patients were treated with antibiotics, and 7 required the use of low-dose corticosteroids for the resolution of the skin lesions. There was a significant delay in the diagnosis of 2 patients with endocarditis of 32 and 45 days, respectively. Two patients died due to complications of the infection, the remaining, recovered completely. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Although uncommon, CV may be a clinical manifestation of a serious infection. In this case it may be a red flag that may help the clinician to set up an early diagnosis and treatment of a severe infection. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This study was supported by grants from "Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias" PI12/00193 (Spain). This work was also partially supported by RETICS Program, RD08/0075 (RIER) from "Instituto de Salud Carlos III" (ISCIII) (Spain). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
False-Positive Renal Study With Tc-99m DTPA Caused by Infiltration of Dose
Authors: JAMES D. SLAVIN, WALTER K. JUNG, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 54-year-old man with hypertension was studied for renal artery stenosis. The glomerular agent Tc-99m DTPA was injected into an arm vein and renal time-activity curves were obtained. Tracings showed steadily increasing activity on each side, which suggested renal dysfunction. An image at 5 minutes showed reduced activity over the kidneys. These two findings were explained by the fact that much of the dose had infiltrated in the arm. When the study was repeated with a clear intravenous injection, right and left renal curves were more normal.
AB0856 Ultra Sonographic Confirmation of Enthesitis in Patients with Fibromyalgia
Authors: C. Michael, F. Alyas, A. Georgiou, E. Roussou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Aiming to evaluate whether the clinical overlap identified and presented before [1] between enthesitis sites (ES) and Fibromyalgia (FM) tender points (TeP) in patients with Inflammatory back pain corresponds to radiologically confirmed enthesitis, we assessed by ultrasonography (u/s) the FMTeP in patients with confirmed FM fulfilling both 1999 and 2011 criteria. <h3>Methods</h3> A mannequin with the clinically identified FMTeP has been given to a musculoskeletal radiologist requesting ultra sonographic study of the indicated FMTeP aiming to exclude or confirm enthesopathic disease. No other joints or entheses have been evaluated. The machine used was a routinely used ultrasonographic machined for routine patients. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 338 tender points have been evaluated by u/s from a total of 29 patients with FM (m:F = 2:27; Caucasian:Asian = 22:7). Patients had a mean age of 45.1 years (±11.1) and age of disease onset of 35.2 (±11.8). From the 338 tender points examined 84 enthesitis sites have been identified (24.8%). A total of 27 of 29 patients (93%) had a positive u/s scan by having at least 1 identified ES from the ones pointed out as clinically tender points on the mannequin. Patients had between 1 and 8 ES. One patient had 8 ES identified, 2 patients had 7 ES, 3 patients had 1, 3, 5 and 6 ES identified respectively (total 45 sites) and 6 patients had 2 ES. Right and Left grater trochanter had the most ES detected (14 for each one of them, 12 of which were bilateral on the same patients), followed by left (L) common extensor in the elbow (n=13 patients) right (R) common extensor in the elbow (n=10 patients) L) medial collateral Knee (n=9), R) medial collateral Knee (n=8), L) costochondral (n=7), R) costochondral and posterior superior iliac crest (n=6), L) posterior superior iliac crest (n=5). No ES identified in the cervical fascia bilaterally. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Patients with FM have confirmed sonographic enthesitis most frequently being that of trochanteric bursitis followed by common extensor tendinitis from the elbows. <h3>References</h3> E. Roussou &amp; C. Ciurtin.-Clin. Exp. Rheum.2012;30(74): 24-30 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2585
Metabolic Studies with the Diuretic Triamterene in Patients with Cirrhosis and Ascites
Authors: David J. Ginsberg, Atif Saad, George J. Gabuzda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

TRIAMTERENE (2,4,7-triamino-6-phenylpteridine)¶ is a natriuretic agent unrelated chemically to any of the available diuretic drugs.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 As a pteridine derivative, it bears a chemical relation to folic acid. Amethopterin, a competitive inhibitor of folic acid, does not, however, produce similar changes in electrolyte metabolism12; on the other hand, in vivo animal studies and clinical studies have given no evidence of antifolic acid activity for triamterene. Unlike many diuretic agents currently in use, triamterene seldom increases urinary potassium excretion, and indeed most often reduces potassium excretion.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Patients with cirrhosis of the liver frequently show serious complications of hypokalemia after induced diureses, . . .
ERCP using transgastrostomic endoscopy
Authors: T. Endo, Y. Adachi, H. Mita, Y. Arimura
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is now the most common method of enteral nutrition in patients who require long-term tube feeding [1]. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) distresses bedridden patients and puts them at risk of aspiration pneumonia [2]. To avoid such risk, we tried transgastrostomic ERCP and related procedures in four cases.
Displaced Uterus Simulating Aneurysm on a Multiphase Bone Scan
Authors: TAL RENCUS, JOEL SMITH, SAMSON MUNN, ABDELHAMID ELGAZZAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Uterine blush has been described in the blood-flow phase of bone scanning in young women as an occasional mimic of pelvic vascular tumors, and in Meckel's imaging as a possible source of false-positive findings. The authors report a case of a uniquely displaced uterus causing a vascular blush nearly outside the pelvis in a 15-year-old girl with cerebral palsy. The uterus appeared as a well-defined focus of hypervascularity near the bifurcation of the left common iliac artery on blood-flow and blood-pool images of a multiphase bone scan. The significant hypervascularity and the location of the finding suggested a possible aneurysm or other vascular lesion. A same-day computed tomographic (CT) angiogram showed that the mass was the uterine fundus, significantly displaced by a distended bladder and rectum as a result of the patient's cerebral palsy.
Predictive endoscopy: Form follows function
Authors: M. Wallace
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Advances in endoscopic imaging have extended our traditional role from diagnostic endoscopists to therapeutic endoscopists and now to prognostic endoscopists. Endoscopes were historically developed to allow flexible, reasonably comfortable access to the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. The role was to inspect, often to biopsy for ex vivo microscopy, and to treat lesions such as polyps, ulcers, pancreatobiliary obstructions, and more recently flat mucosal neoplasia and even submucosal diseases.
Abstract 2232: Effectiveness evaluation of an in vitro nucleic acid amplification test for quantification of BCR-ABL fusion transcript variants in human whole blood
Authors: Lauren Stanoszek, Thomas Blomquist, Erin L. Crawford, Bradly Austermiller, Casey Spitzer, Paige FS Willey, James C. Willey
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Quantitative measurement of BCR-ABL fusion gene transcripts in whole blood by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is a clinically validated method to monitor tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug response in patients diagnosed with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Monitoring of BCR-ABL expression in blood of cML patients under treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor of BCR-ABL is considered standard of care. A three log or greater reduction in BCR-ABL expression from baseline is considered a Maximum Molecular Response (MMR). A subsequent 0.5 log increase in BCR-ABL from MMR is considered a sign of treatment failure sufficient to trigger change in treatment. The challenge is to develop a test with sufficient analytical performance characteristics and quality control to reliably measure BCRABL in MMR samples in which there may be less than 10 molecules in 300 of RNA extracted from whole blood. A method validation protocol was developed using the International Committee on Harmonization (ICH) Q2(R1) international validation guidelines. BCRABL variants b2a2 and b3a2 as well as the housekeeping gene GUSB were measured in KCL22 cell line RNA and Stratagene Universal Human Reference RNA test articles in extreme linear dilution assay, robustness testing conditions, and in multiple laboratories. Quality controls were developed to enable loading as much whole blood RNA into the assay as possible without assay interference. These included a reverse transcription (RT) standardization mixture comprising External RNA Control Consortium (ERCC) reagents to control for RT interference, and controls for genomic DNA contamination, RNA integrity, and PCR interference. Results: This test for b2a2 and b3a2 variants of BCR-ABL meets ICHQ2(R1) guidelines for specificity, linearity, accuracy, LOD and LOQ, imprecision, robustness, and reproducibility. Each analyte comprised by the test was linear (R2 &amp;gt; 0.97) over more than 3 logs10, and demonstrated inter-experimental and inter-laboratory imprecision low enough to enable measurement of a 3-fold difference as significant (P &amp;lt;0.05) from a value as low as five molecules/assay. Experiments are underway to quantify the amount of whole blood RNA that can be loaded into RT reaction without interference. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2232. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2232
Bringing it back to blighty
Authors: N. Banatvala, A. Macklow-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1997)

In our first article, we addressed the developments in public policy that have increased the awareness that overseas work enhances professional development.1 In this article we look in more detail at the benefits that accrue from working in a relief, development, or research setting, both for individuals and for their likeliest long term employer, the NHS. Overseas work will be particularly relevant for certain specialties. In general practice this has been recognised by the Royal College of General Practitioners which issued a statement promoting overseas work in 1995. The college “recognises that experience doctors gain overseas contributes significantly towards their professional development and that they return to UK general practice with enhanced clinical, organisation and managerial skills which are of great benefit to their patients, the profession and the work of the college.” With regard to public health, the Faculty of Public Health Medicine outlined nine key benefits from overseas experience in a report from their newly constituted international working party.2 ”Paul Eunson, consultant paediatric neurologist
Congenital Aplasia of the Thymus Gland (DiGeorge's Syndrome)
Authors: Roberto Kretschmer, Burhan Say, David Brown, Fred S. Rosen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Two infants with congenital aplasia of the thymus were found to have normal polymorphonuclear-leukocyte function, immunoglobulins and antibody formation. Delayed hypersensitivity, allograft rejection and in vitro lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin were impaired. Lymphoid tissue of these two patients and postmortem material from a third revealed a moderate deficiency of lymphocytes in the deep cortical regions of the lymph nodes and periarteriolar sheaths of spleen but normal cortical germinal-center activity and plasma cells. Thus, in thymic aplasia humoral immunity is normal, but cellular immunity is deficient, findings precisely the reverse of what is found in congenital agammaglobulinemia. The dichotomy found between the two types of immunity is consistent with experimental studies showing a separable cellular origin for humoral and cellular immunity.
Melatonin in Humans
Authors: Amnon Brzezinski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Three centuries ago, the French philosopher René Descartes described the pineal gland as “the seat of the soul,” but it was not until the late 1950s that melatonin, the principal substance secreted by the pineal gland, was identified.1 There is now evidence that melatonin may have a role in the biologic regulation of circadian rhythms, sleep, mood, and perhaps reproduction, tumor growth, and aging (Table 1). However, uncertainties and doubts still surround the role of melatonin in human physiology and pathophysiology. This review summarizes current knowledge about melatonin in humans and its clinical implications.Physiology and PharmacologyIn humans, the . . .
SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF CARDIAC CELL THERAPY: FIRST RESULTS OF THE MESS (META–ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC STEM CELL STUDIES) DATABASE INCLUDING INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATA OF 13 RANDOMIZED AND 3 COHORT STUDIES
Authors: Mariann Gyongyosi, Patricia Lemarchand, jerome roncalli, Ketil Lunde, Michal Tendera, Wojciech Wojakowski, Jozef Bartunek, Kai Wollert, Birgit Assmus, Andreas Zeiher, Jens kastrup, Martin Bergmann, Douwe Atsma, Evgeny Pokushalov, Jochen Woehrle, Slobodan Obradovic, J. Christer Sylven, Konstantinos Malliaras, Eduardo Marban, Gerald Maurer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract P4-08-09: The Prognostic Importance of “Detection Mode” and “Palpability” in Primary Operable Grade 2 Breast Cancers
Authors: B Van Calster, X Zhang, T Vandorpe, E Van Limbergen, A-S Dieudonné, K Leunen, A Smeets, F Amant, P Berteloot, C Weltens, H Janssen, S Peeters, H Wildiers, R Paridaens, C Van Ongeval, A Van Steen, I Vergote, P Moerman, MR Christiaens, P. Neven
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Histologic grade 2 breast cancer may benefit most from molecular classification for prognosis. We studied the prognostic value of ‘detection mode’ and ‘palpability’ together with other prognostic variables in a consecutive series of grade 2 lesions. Patients and methods: We used follow-up data from new diagnosed and primary operable grade 2 breast cancers from UH Leuven (January 2000 - May 2005). Endocrine, chemo-and radiotherapy were given when indicated. The first appearing breast cancer related event (BCRE) was calculated as local (local, regional or contra-lateral) or metastatic (metastatic if both appeared together). These prognostic variables were assessed: age at diagnosis (per decade increase), tumor size (per cm increase), screening (yes/no), palpability (yes/no), lobular type (yes/no), chemotherapy (yes/no), endocrine therapy (yes/no), lymph node status (0, 1, 2-4, &amp;gt;4), combined expression of IHC-measured ER (pos = any expression), PgR (pos if any expression) and HER-2 (positive = IHC2/3+ and FISH pos), architectural, nuclear and mitotic score. Univariable and multivariable proportional hazards Cox regression using the Firth's penalization method to reduce bias in the parameter estimates were used. Results: Of the 1013 patients in the dataset, 14 had missing values (1.4%). With a median follow-up of 80 months, we observed 116 BCRE (11.6%); 43 local and 73 metastatic. In univariable analysis, screen detected cancers showed better (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.42-0.93) and palpable cancers worse prognosis (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.13-3.71) than non-screen detected and non-palpable cases respectively. The beneficial univariable effect of screening weakened in the multivariable analysis (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.52-1.31) as 582/602 (97%) of non-screen detected cancers were palpable vs 227/397 (57%) for screen-detected cancers. If palpable was omitted from the multivariable model the HR of screening decreased to 0.68 (95% CI 0.44-1.03) thereby approximating its univariable result. Conclusion: Overall, palpability is more strongly related to prognosis, but detection method also has an effect even though we do not have enough events to show this with a convincing level of reliability. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-08-09.
Abstract PD10-04: An ERBB2 Gene Dosage Effect Confers Biological Aggressiveness to Breast Cancers and Trastuzumab Sensitivity in Patients with Metastatic Disease
Authors: E-M Fuchs, WJ Köstler, R Horvat, G Hudelist, E Kubista, CC Zielinski, CF. Singer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Despite patient selection based on ERBB2 overexpression, response to trastuzumab-based therapy is not always achieved. The reasons for response failure to ERBB2-targeted therapy are still largely unknown. We have investigated whether a gene dosage effect, conferred by an increased number of ERBB2 copies, might provoke increased biological aggressiveness and altered trastuzumab sensitivity. Methods: Vysis PathVysion DNA-based FISH technology was used to measure absolute ERBB2 copy numbers (“CN”) and ERBB2/centromer 17 ratios (“R”) in tumor specimens of 137 patients who had received trastuzumab-based treatment for Her-2/neu over-expressing metastatic breast cancer. Results: An R of &amp;gt; 2.2 was identified as independent negative predictor for time to first metastasis (TTM). Upon trastuzumab-initiation, progressionfree survival (PFS), albeit not overall survival (OS), was significantly longer in patients with R of ≥2.2 (p=0.006 and p=0.123, respectively). Within the amplified patient population a CN &amp;gt; 13 (“high-amplified”) predicted for a significantly shorter TTM and, upon trastuzumab-initiation, a significant longer PFS and showed a trend towards a higher OS (p= 0.020 and p=0.086, respectively; Log Rank test) compared with the low-amplified (CN ≥13) patient population. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that within our patient population higher CN and R were both associated with improved PFS (p=0.003 and p=0.004, respectively) and OS (p=0.004 and p=0.038, respectively). Furthermore, Logistic Regression analysis showed that higher CN and R values were associated with improved overall responses (OR: 1.151, 95% CI: 1.034-1.269 and OR: 1.501, 95% CI 1.169-1.964, respectively). Conclusion: In ERBB2 over-expressing FISH-amplified breast cancers CN can discriminate between two groups of breast cancer patients with different prognosis in the adjuvant setting as well as in the metastatic setting under the influence of trastuzumab-based therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD10-04.
Abstract 1100: Correlation of basic fibroblast growth factor and cyclooxygenase-2 activity in non-small lung cancer cells
Authors: Michael J. Fulson-Woytek, David A. Valenta, Mark Baguma-Nibasheka
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) is a potent wide-spectrum mitogen and the dysregulation of its expression is associated with cell proliferation and immortalization in a wide variety of tumors. Its oncogenic nature may depend, in part, on its ability to prevent apoptosis. Its antisense gene, NUDT6, encodes a novel Nudix motif protein of unknown function, and overexpression of NUDT6 is known to suppress FGF-dependent cell proliferation (Baguma-Nibasheka et al, Mol Cell Endocrinol 267:127-136, 2007). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is a key enzyme in prostaglandin synthesis whose up-regulation has been implicated in the promotion of lung cancer. COX-2 inhibition suppresses growth and induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. In this study, we evaluated the hypothesis that the antitumor activity of COX-2 inhibitors in lung cancer may involve modulation of FGF-2, which is overexpressed in NSCLC. Results: FGF, NUDT6 and COX-2 are co-expressed in NSCLC cells, and FGF-2 and COX-2, but not NUDT6 messenger RNA levels, as well as cell proliferation, are decreased by serum deprivation. Selective inhibition of COX-2 suppresses FGF-2 but not NUDT6 expression, and FGF-2 knockdown negates the effect of COX-2 inhibition on cell proliferation. These findings indicate that the antitumor effects of COX-2 inhibition in NSCLC may be mediated via suppression of FGF-2. Supported by the Frostburg State University of Biology Department. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1100. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1100