tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Digital cholangioscopy-assisted gallbladder drainage: seeing is accessing
Authors: Amy Tyberg, Steven Zerbo, Michel Kahaleh, Reem Sharaiha
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

The single-operator cholangioscope (SOC) (SpyGlass; Boston, Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) has been available since 2005 [1], and is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the management of pancreatic and biliary diseases. The addition of digital imaging to the SOC might permit better visualization and expand the therapeutic indications [2].
A case of hepatocellular carcinoma mimicking cavernous hemangioma on Tc-99m RBC liver SPECT.
Authors: S T Lim, M H Sohn
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine* and Institute for Medical Sciences,† Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonju, Korea Received for publication March 20, 2000. Accepted July 3, 2000. Supported by Korea Research Foundation grant KRF-99-041-F00273. Reprint requests: Myung-Hee Sohn, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, 634–18 Keumam-dong Duckjin-gu, Chonju, Chonbuk 561–712, Korea. E-mail: [email protected]
Hepatitis C genotype 4R resistance‐associated polymorphisms: The achilles heel of the nonstructural 5A inhibitors?
Authors: Philippe Halfon, Sofiane Mohamed, Guillaume Penaranda, Hacène Khiri, Laurent Chiche, Carine Nicolas, Armand Abergel
Journal: Hepatology (2016)

Potential conflict of interest: Dr. Abergel consults for, is on the speakers' bureau of, and received grants from Gilead and MSD. He consults for and received grants from Janssen and Roche. He consults for AbbVie and Bristol‐Myers Squibb. TO THE EDITOR: We read with interest the review article reported by Lontok et al. on hepatitis C virus (HCV) resistance to direct antiviral agents (DAAs).1 Nonstructural 5A (NS5A) class resistance‐associated variants (RAVs; variants at any position associated with resistance to any NS5A inhibitor) may be associated with virological treatment failure (Fig. 1). Studies performed on NS5A RAVs in genotype (G) 4 patients who received a regimen based on sofosbuvir and NS5A inhibitors are very limited. In a recent multicenter study, it was shown that 2 of 3 patients who did not respond to sofosbuvir and ledipasvir combination had a G4‐r subtype.2 This result suggests that some subtypes have a different susceptibility to antiviral treatment. This loss of susceptibility could be attributed to the number of basal NS5A RAVs.Figure 1: NS5A class RAVs: variants at any position associated with resistance to any NS5A inhibitor.We aimed to demonstrate that NS5A RAVs number is more prevalent in certain HCV‐specific subtypes. We collected from the NCBI, European, and Japanese HCV databases, 47 HCV‐NS5A‐G4 sequences, and proceeded to multiple sequence alignment using Clustal W2. We analyzed 16 subtypes 4a, seven 4b, three 4d, two 4m, three 4o, and 16 4r. We assessed prevalence by subtype of the main RAVs: L28M, L30R, L31M, P58T, and Y93H. Among the G4 subtypes, the subtype 4r is the only one with 75% of the strains having two or three RAVs. The predominance of certain NS5A polymorphisms depending on G4 subtype was also reported by Zhou et al.3 Indeed, 52 of 54 genotype 4d NS5A sequences harbored L30R, whereas L30Q was observed only in genotype 4f NS5A sequences. Only a few patients with treatment failure to sofosbuvir plus daclatasvir were available for resistance analysis.3 Because of the broad use of NS5A inhibitors as first‐line DAA regimens, together with the high likeliness of selection of NS5A RAVs and persistence of these RAVs, a large prospective study on the respective role of the subtypes and of NS5A and NS5B RAVs on SVR12 should be conducted in patients treated with any Nucs or protease inhibitors and NS5A inhibitors combination.4
Implementation of a European Cohort to Follow Sickle Cell Children and Adults Treated with Hydroxycarbamide
Authors: Mariane De Montalembert, Frédéric Galacteros, Jean Antoine Ribeil, Uwe Kordes, Jean Benoit Arlet, M Dimopoulou, V Komninaka, Pablo Bartolucci, Anoosha Habibi, Valentine Brousse, Justine Gellen, Stephen Lobitz, Ersi Voskaridou
Journal: Blood (2014)
Survival benefit of metastasectomy plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for Krukenberg tumors from advanced stomach cancer.
Authors: Jang Ho Cho, Ah Ran Choi, Sung Min Choi, Jae Yun Lim, Jae Yong Cho
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

4049 Background: Although systemic chemotherapy is the optimal treatment strategy for metastatic stomach cancer, several local treatments have been investigated to improve overall survival (OS) in patients with oligometastasis or limited metastasis. Because the survival benefit of metastasectomy has not been clearly validated for krukenberg tumors, we evaluated the survival benefit of ovarian metastasectomy in krukenberg tumor from stomach cancer and identified prognostic factors for survival. Methods: Of 27,103 patients who were diagnosed with stomach cancer between March 2004 and February 2013 at Yonsei University Medical Center, 244 female patients with krukenberg tumor detected by abdominal-pelvis computed tomography or gynecologic ultrasonography were included in the study and reviewed retrospectively Patients were divided into two arms according to treatment modality: arm A, metastasectomy plus chemotherapy and arm B, chemotherapy alone. Results: OS was increased by 9 and 11 months in arm A compared with arm B for patients initially diagnosed with stage IV stomach cancer (21.0 vs. 12.0 months; p < 0.001) and those with recurrent krukenberg tumors (19.0 vs. 8 months; p = 0.002), respectively. Metastasectomy (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.517 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 0.330–0.809]; p = 0.004), signet-ring cell pathology (HR = 1.753 [95% CI, 1.187–2.588]; p = 0.005), peritoneal carcinomatosis (HR = 1.564 [95% CI, 1.041–2.350]; p = 0.031), and an elevated serum CA125 level (>35 U/mL) (HR = 1.786 [95% CI, 1.148–2.780]; p = 0.010) were significant prognostic factors for survival. Conclusions: OS was prolonged with chemotherapy plus metastasectomy than with chemotherapy alone in patients with krukenberg tumors from stomach cancer. This survival benefit was observed both in patients initially diagnosed with stage IV stomach cancer and in those diagnosed with recurrent krukenberg tumor. Metastasectomy, signet-ring cell pathology, peritoneal carcinomatosis, and an elevated serum CA125 level were prognostic factors for survival. Future prospective randomized trials are needed to confirm the optimal treatment strategy for krukenberg tumors from stomach cancer.
Are positive appraisals always adaptive?
Authors: Anthony D. Mancini
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract The authors provide an original and integrative framework for understanding the complex array of factors that contribute to resilience. Their faith in the uniform benefits of positive appraisals neglects the potential costs of overly positive appraisals, however. As a result, their theory may have difficulty capturing the complexity of appraisal's role in determining resilience.
Whole exome sequencing to reveal chemotherapy-driven evolution of platinum-resistant metastatic urothelial cancer.
Authors: Bishoy Faltas, Himisha Beltran, Davide Prandi, Kenneth Eng, Chantal Pauli, Brian D. Robinson, Juan Miguel Mosquera, David M. Nanus, Scott T. Tagawa, Olivier Elemento, Francesca Demichelis, Mark A. Rubin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4513 Background: First line platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard of care for metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC). While a subset may achieve long-term disease control, the majority of patients will die of metastatic platinum-resistant UC (PRUC). Our objective was to understand chemotherapy-driven molecular evolution of metastatic PRUC by sequencing matched pairs of treatment-naive primary UC and metastatic PRUC from each patient. Methods: Following informed consent, 50 UC samples from 23 patients were analyzed (23 metastases, 37 PRUC and 18 trios of matched primary, metastatic and germline samples including 2 rapid autopsy cases yielding tumor samples from multiple sites).Germline samples were prospectively collected and matched archival formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary tumors from the same patients were retrieved. Whole exome sequencing was conducted. Data was analyzed using an integrated analysis of somatic single nucleotide variants and somatic copy number alterations (SCNA), and CLONET to estimate tumor purity and ploidy and to quantify corrected SCNAs for the inference of the clonal hierarchy of genomic aberrations; allele-specific SCNAs analysis was conducted with a focus on 9p21 locus across the cohort. Results: 414 recurrently mutated genes were identified, the most common in TP53 (45%), FOXD2 (33%), NIN (28%), TSC1 (19%) and PIK3CA (11%). Frequent SCNA included CDKN2A deletions (33%), E2F3 amplifications (10%) and ERBB2 amplifications (7%). Reconstructed phylogenetic trees from matched primary, metastatic and germline trios revealed evidence of divergent clonal evolution. Paired pre-chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy tumors from the same patients shared only an average of 33% of the total number of mutations. Allele-specific SCNA analysis revealed significant inter and intra-patient heterogeneity in the 9p21 region. Conclusions: This study generates a detailed molecular profile of the genomic landscape of PRUC revealing extensive heterogeneity and clonal selection underlying evolution of platinum-resistance and metastatic spread.
Advanced Design of Dumbbell-shaped Genetic Minimal Vectors Improves Non-coding and Coding RNA Expression
Authors: Xiaoou Jiang, Han Yu, Cui Rong Teo, Genim Siu Xian Tan, Sok Chin Goh, Parasvi Patel, Yiqiang Kevin Chua, Nasirah Banu Sahul Hameed, Antonio Bertoletti, Volker Patzel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Dumbbell-shaped DNA minimal vectors lacking nontherapeutic genes and bacterial sequences are considered a stable, safe alternative to viral, nonviral, and naked plasmid-based gene-transfer systems. We investigated novel molecular features of dumbbell vectors aiming to reduce vector size and to improve the expression of noncoding or coding RNA. We minimized small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or microRNA (miRNA) expressing dumbbell vectors in size down to 130 bp generating the smallest genetic expression vectors reported. This was achieved by using a minimal H1 promoter with integrated transcriptional terminator transcribing the RNA hairpin structure around the dumbbell loop. Such vectors were generated with high conversion yields using a novel protocol. Minimized shRNA-expressing dumbbells showed accelerated kinetics of delivery and transcription leading to enhanced gene silencing in human tissue culture cells. In primary human T cells, minimized miRNA-expressing dumbbells revealed higher stability and triggered stronger target gene suppression as compared with plasmids and miRNA mimics. Dumbbell-driven gene expression was enhanced up to 56- or 160-fold by implementation of an intron and the SV40 enhancer compared with control dumbbells or plasmids. Advanced dumbbell vectors may represent one option to close the gap between durable expression that is achievable with integrating viral vectors and short-term effects triggered by naked RNA.
Resolving the Biological Heterogeneity of B-Cell Lymphoma, Unclassifiable, with Features Intermediate Between DLBCL and BL (BCL-U) Using Quantitative Profiles of Oncogenic Signaling Networks
Authors: Christopher Daniel Carey, Daniel Gusenleitner, Zhang Xuan, Aliyah R Sohani, Olga Weinberg, Hongbo Yu, Ben Chen, Bruce Woda, Kai Fu, Stefano Monti, Scott J. Rodig
Journal: Blood (2015)
Q&amp;A: Anna Barker on The Cancer Genome Atlas
Authors: Anna Barker
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2011)

Five years into the giant mapping initiative, what have we learned?The most comprehensive analysis of genomic changes in ovarian cancer arrived in June and brought striking insights into the disease.Researchers found that mutations in a single gene that normally prevents cancer formation, TP53, were present in more than 96% of the 489 high-grade tumors analyzed (Nature 2011;474:609-15).Two other wellknown genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, were mutated in 22% of the tumors.The scientists identified 4 distinct subtypes of the disease, detected patterns of gene expression that predict patient survival, and pointed out that Food and Drug Administration-approved compounds can target some of the dysfunctional genes they uncovered.
PET/CT Helps Downgrade an Aggressive-Appearing Rib Mass to a Probable Benign Lesion in a 9-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Kimeya F. Ghaderi, Don C. Yoo, Jesse Hart
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

We present a case of a 9-year-old girl with no significant medical history who developed acute onset of shortness of breath and upper chest pain during cheerleading practice. Laboratory results and physical examination were unremarkable. Chest radiograph and chest CT showed an expansile lytic aggressive-appearing mass within the left sixth rib. Subsequent F-FDG PET/CT showed a left sixth rib lesion that was not hypermetabolic and appeared benign. Biopsy yielded a diagnosis of enchondroma, a benign intramedullary tumor that accounts for 24% of all bone tumors in children as well as adolescents.
How to stop the runaway train of clinical training
Authors: Richard Thomson, Amy Loveland, Jane Stewart, James Fisher
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<i>Whatever the reasons for undertaking a teaching fellowship it provides the perfect opportunity for junior doctors to sit back and think, say</i><b><i>Richard Thomson</i></b><i>,</i><b><i>Amy Loveland</i></b><i>,</i><b><i>Jane Stewart,</i></b><i>and</i><b><i>James Fisher</i></b>
Eosinophilic pneumonia associated with pirfenidone therapy
Authors: Diana C. Gomez, Borna Mehrad
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

Pulmonary eosinophilia is a common manifestation of drug-induced lung disease and, at the time of writing, some 170 medications have been implicated in eosinophilic pneumonia [1]. Since the reaction occurs rarely for any given drug, however, establishing a causal relationship is difficult, and relies on reports of temporal relationship and exclusion of alternative causes of eosinophilic lung disease. Pirfenidone is an oral antifibrotic drug that is conditionally recommended as therapy for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), based on the results of three randomised controlled trials [2]. Here, we describe what we believe to be the first report of the association of pirfenidone therapy with eosinophilic pneumonia. Pirfenidone therapy may cause eosinophilic lung disease <http://ow.ly/xWyh301icn8>
Functional Supramolecular Polymers: A Fluorescent Microfibrous Network in a Supramolecular Hydrogel for High‐Contrast Live Cell‐Material Imaging in 3D Environments
Authors: Shu‐Min Hsu, Fang‐Yi Wu, Hsun Cheng, Yu‐Tang Huang, Yi‐Ru Hsieh, Dion Tzu‐Huan Tseng, Mei‐Yu Yeh, Shih‐Chieh Hung, Hsin‐Chieh Lin
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A new bottom-up strategy based on aromatic peptide amphiphile is developed for a high-contrast visualization of 3D live cell-material imaging-something that has been difficult to achieve previously because of the problems associated with the diffraction of light by the nanosized peptide materials and the aggregation-caused quenching of aggregated π-conjugated fluorophores in the nanostructures. This study reports an example of a novel supramolecular hydrogelator, naphthaleneimide-phenylalanine (NI-Phe), which forms a self-supporting hydrogel displaying a unique microfibrous network and promising aggregation-induced emission characteristics at pH 7.4. The storage modulus of the NI-Phe gel supports the mass of a cell for 3D cell culturing. This work illustrates a new dopant-free supramolecular approach, complementary to well-established doping procedures that should facilitate the development of live cell imaging in 3D scaffolding materials.
Phase II study of individualized adaptive stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for patients at high risk for liver damage.
Authors: Mary Uan-Sian Feng, Krithika Suresh, Matthew J Schipper, Latifa Bazzi, Edgar Ben-Josef, Martha Matuszak, Neehar Parikh, Theodore Hobart Welling, Randall K Ten Haken, Theodore Steven Lawrence
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

424 Background: Patients (Pts) with pre-existing liver dysfunction are at high risk for further damage after SBRT. We completed a phase 2 study of individualized SBRT, utilizing pre- and during-treatment indocyanine green (ICG) clearance to adapt treatment and maximize both safety and efficacy. Methods: From 5/10-10/14, pts with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or metastases (mets) were enrolled and underwent SBRT planning up to a target dose of 50-60 Gy or as limited by a 15% normal tissue complication probability for radiation-induced liver disease (RILD). ICG retention at 15 minutes (ICGR15) was measured prior to and 1 month after 3 of 5 planned treatments. Using a Bayesian adaptive model, RT dose was scaled down as necessary for the final 2 treatments to keep ICGR15 &lt; 44% after the full treatment and thus minimize toxicity. Follow up was every 3 months for 2 years. Results: 90 pts received SBRT to 116 tumors and had at least 1 year of potential follow up. Median age was 62 years, range 34-85. 69 had HCC, 4 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and 17 mets. 62 had cirrhosis, most commonly HCV and alcoholic. Median Child-Pugh (CP) score was 6, range 5-9. 20 pts were CP B/C. Median pre-RT ICGR15 was 22, range 4-75, normal 4-10. Pts had a median of 1.5 (range 0-6) prior liver-directed therapies, most commonly transarterial chemoembolization (70), prior RT (36), and radiofrequency ablation (13). Median tumor size was 3 cm, and 12 had portal vein involvement. 63 received all 5 fractions (48 full dose, 15 with dose reduction due to elevated ICGR15); 27 received only 3 treatments. Median prescription dose was 47 Gy. Treatment was well tolerated with no classical RILD and a lower complication rate than expected without adaptation. 4 pts had grade 3 ascites. 2 pts had GI bleed after SBRT. 14% and 10% of pts experienced at least a 1 or 2 point increase in CP 6 months post SBRT. Local control (95%CI) at 1 and 2 yrs was 99 (96,100)% and 90 (81,100)%. 4 recurrent tumors were 3 HCC and 1 met, measuring 26, 12, 30, 38mm; treated to 30, 50, 33, 30 Gy. Conclusions: Individualized adaptive SBRT, based on ICG clearance is a promising method of allowing pts to receive the maximally aggressive dose based on each pt’s individual tolerance to RT. Funded by P01 CA59827
Brain Training Does Not Improve Academic Outcomes in Kids
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Future of child health services.
Authors: A J DALZELL-WARD
Journal: BMJ (1976)

personality than can be divined from his waking behaviour is unproved.Their interpretation has certainly influenced modern art, and yet visual dreams are representational, not amorphous or abstract, and are so just as much in art students as in farm boys.10In fact, the vast majority of dreams are not bizarre'0 but, as a nineteenth century investigator found, are very prosaic and ordinary."1
P-024 Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the carcinoma antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) together in early diagnosis of Stage I-II colorectal adenocarcinoma. A case-control study
Authors: F. Lumachi, G. Chiara, R. Tozzoli, G. Lo Re, S. Basso
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Bradley E Copeland, William Beautyman, Robert Bradley, Charles F. Kane, Franz J. Ingelfinger, Eugene Clerkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

STUDY COMMITTEE TO EVALUATE CHANGES IN UNITS OF CLINICAL CHEMISTRY TESTSAt the June 5, 1974, meeting of the Council of the Massachusetts Medical Society, this committee was created and given the following charge:To evaluate the proposed change of clinical chemistry units from wgt/vol to mols/vol.To consider the principle that changes in well established units be made only when definite advantage to the physician or to the patient has been clearly demonstrated.The committee recommends that the Council of the Massachusetts Medical Society adopt the following principles:That any major change in established medical laboratory nomenclature is of . . .
PD3-2-1: Pharmacokinetics of gefitinib predicts the antitumor activity for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Tetsuya Iida, Yoichi Nakamura, Masaski Fukuda, Hiroshi Takatani, Seiji Nagashima, Akitoshi Kinoshita, Minoru Fukuda, Hiroshi Soda, Mikio Oka, Shigeru Kohno
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Three-dimensional scaffolds of fetal decellularized hearts exhibit enhanced potential to support cardiac cells in comparison to the adult
Authors: A.C. Silva, S.C. Rodrigues, J. Caldeira, A.M. Nunes, V. Sampaio-Pinto, T.P. Resende, M.J. Oliveira, M.A. Barbosa, S. Thorsteinsdóttir, D.S. Nascimento, P. Pinto-do-Ó
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Exercise and Stress Management Training For Patients Undergoing Autologous Or Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Results From Blood and Marrow Transplant Clinical Trials Network (BMT CTN) 0902
Authors: Stephanie J. Lee, Jennifer Le Rademacher, Heather Jim, Karen L Syrjala, John R. Wingard, Brent R. Logan, Juan Wu, Navneet S. Majhail, William A. Wood, J. Douglas Rizzo, Nancy L. Geller, Carrie L. Kitko, Edward A. Faber, Muneer H. Abidi, Susan E. Slater, Mary M. Horowitz, Paul Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (2013)