tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P267 Assessment of Cognitive Dysfunction Using the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ) Tool in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS)
Authors: A Dwarakanath, D Ghosh, S L Jamson, M W Elliott
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A wide range of cognitive deficits has been identified in patients with untreated OSAS and there has been a growing interest in the evaluation of cognitive deteriorations. The CFQ (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire) is a measure of self-reported deficits in the completion of simple everyday tasks that a person should normally be capable of completing without error and includes failures in attention, memory, perception, and motor functions. We hypothesised that patients with OSAS exhibit worse cognitive dysfunction as compared to healthy controls and this can be evaluated with the CFQ. <h3>Methods</h3> 133 (ESS 12+/–6, ODI 31+/–24) untreated OSAS patients and 50 healthy controls (ESS 3+/–2) were invited to complete the CFQ. Patients and controls were asked how often they make various common mistakes on a 5-point Likert scale, from 0 (never) to 4 (very often). CFQ was scored by adding up the ratings for twenty-five questions, the highest possible total being one hundred, with a higher score indicating a higher incidence of cognitive failures. Comparisons were made using one way ANOVA. <h3>Results</h3> There was a significant difference in scores between patients and the controls (26±1.6 &amp; 38 ±1.6, P&lt;0.0001). This difference remained significant when different severities of OSAS (mild, moderate, severe, as per ODI) were compared with controls. However there was no difference when different severities of OSAS were compared against each other (Figure 1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with OSAS have a significant higher CFQ score compared to healthy controls. The CFQ is easy to complete and score and our data suggests it may be a useful tool for assessing cognitive dysfunction in OSAS.
Abstract LB-327: Targeted microbeads for attraction and induction of specific innate immune response in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Jacob Pitcovski, Ehud Shahar, Elina Aizenshtein, Raphael Gorodetsky
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Anti-tumor activity of molecules and cells of the innate immune system has been reported. Here we propose a method for targeting preferred innate immune cells and magnifying their tumoricidal effect at the tumor microenvironment, by modular multiple-component complexes. As a model, micro-complexes carried monoclonal anti-HER2 antibodies, lipopolysaccharide and mannose. The complexes showed high binding capacity to HER2-positive cancer cells in vitro, high induction of interleukin-1 RNA transcription by the activated monocytes and ability to mediate monocytes’ attachment to HER2-positive cells. We thus present a new vision of targeting a desired innate immune response to the tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-327.
THE SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR AGONIST FINGOLIMOD REDUCES MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY MEDIATED BY ACTIVATION OF AUTOPHAGY: AN IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: Carlos G. Santos-Gallego, Belen Picatoste, Ida U Njerve, Torsten Vahl, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Roger Hajjar, Valentin Fuster, Juan Badimon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Virgin contract to run children's services to go ahead despite non-compliance with law
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A £132m (€160m; $210m) contract awarded to Richard Branson’s healthcare company to run children’s health and social care services in Devon failed to comply with the law but can still go ahead, a judge has ruled.

Judge Christopher Vosper, sitting in the High Court at Swansea, held that Devon County Council and the primary care cluster of NHS Devon, Plymouth and Torbay had failed to carry out the equality impact assessment required by law at an early enough stage in the procurement process.

A mother whose …
High Time for Action
Authors: A R Kallianpur, K A Poehling, R S Dittus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

A 58-year-old man receiving hemodialysis after failed renal transplantation was admitted with unstable angina. He had a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, and transplant-related immunosuppression of several years' duration. Less than four weeks earlier, he had undergone repair of an intraabdominal aortic aneurysm and removal of the renal graft.Cardiac catheterization was deferred because the prothrombin time and activated partial-thromboplastin time were prolonged, at 88.0 seconds (international normalized ratio [INR], 7.2) and 77 seconds (normal range, 28 to 40), respectively. He reported malaise, fevers, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting but no increase in bleeding since . . .
Diagnostic Value of Tc-99m Sestamibi Gated SPECT to Assess Viability in a Patient After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: A S Hambye, F Van Den Branden, J Vandevivere
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

The case of a 56-year-old woman who was admitted with an acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction showed severely decreased left ventricular function and regional wall motion abnormalities on planar Tc-99m gated blood pool imaging. Tc-99m sestamibi stress SPECT imaging demonstrated residual peri-infarct ischemia. At angiography, a solitary severe proximal left anterior descending stenosis was successfully dilated. Later, because of recurrent chest pain, a second Tc-99m sestamibi stress-rest SPECT was performed to exclude restenosis. Because the question of viability within the infarct region had also been asked, a gated protocol was applied and compared to TI-201 rest-redistribution SPECT. Both tests pointed to the existence of tissue viability in the septal region, without evidence for stress ischemia. The patient was then medically treated. One year later, because of angina, Tc-99m gated SPECT blood pool imaging showed a spectacular increase in left ventricular function and a dramatic improvement in regional wall motion. Angiographic data confirmed these findings and there was no significant restenosis. Thus, Tc-99m sestamibi gated SPECT may be helpful in predicting viability and recovery of function in patients with severely impaired left ventricular regional wall motion after acute myocardial infarction.
PTU-199 Variable reporting and diagnosis of eosinophilic oesophagitis across the UK: data from the BSG national disease register
Authors: M S J Wilson, A Simpson, J O Hayat, J H Ellison, S E Attwood, J-Y Kang
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE), a disorder characterised by intermittent dysphagia, was first described over 20 years ago. The true prevalence of this condition is not known. In 2010, the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) established a National EoE Register. The aim was to determine the frequency and pattern of diagnosis in the UK, and to identify centres for future research and areas where few patients are diagnosed and hence educational input may be beneficial. We report the data collected from March 2010 to January 2012. <h3>Methods</h3> A web-based register was established under the direction of the Oesophageal section of the BSG. Data entry was voluntary, anonymised, available by open access and did not require membership of the BSG. Clinicians from each hospital entered patient data. The date of birth and first part of patients9 postcodes were recorded for demographic purposes and to prevent data duplication. Details of the specialty that made the diagnosis, the duration and pattern of symptoms, the diagnostic criteria and any treatment given were also recorded. <h3>Results</h3> Data relating to 315 patients, although incomplete in some cases, were available for analysis. There were 229 patients from five centres and 86 patients from 30 other centres. No patients were entered from 70 hospitals. Their age ranged from 0 to 85 years. There were 236 males (75%) and 77 females (3:1). Symptom duration ranged from 0 to ≥25 years. 249 (79.0%) patients had &gt;15 eosinophils per high power field (eos/hpf), 11 (4%) had &lt;15 eos/hpf with 55 (17%) patients having no eosinophil count recorded. The main presenting complaints were: dysphagia in 250 patients (79%), food bolus obstruction in 127 (40%) and heartburn in 59 (19%). Endoscopy appeared normal in 47 (15%) or consistent with reflux oesophagitis in 25 (8%). In the remaining 243 (77%) there were specific signs suggestive of EoE: strictures in 43, Schatzki ring in 10, white exudates in 16 and rings, trachealisation or furrows in the remainder. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is one of the world9s largest registers of EoE. Dysphagia or food bolus obstruction are the most common symptoms. Endoscopic abnormalities suggestive of EoE are common but 23% do not have endoscopic signs to suggest EoE and therefore biopsy of all patients with dysphagia should be performed regardless of endoscopic appearance. There is variable reporting of EoE in the UK. Several centres had sufficient patients to facilitate research on diagnosis and treatment. However it is uncertain, for those hospitals that did not enter any patients, whether no patients with EoE were diagnosed or whether patients were diagnosed but not entered into the register. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
225 REDUCING RISK FACTORS FOR SKIN CANCER DEVELOPMENT FOLLOWING LIVER TRANSPLANT - THE NEED FOR MORE EFFECTIVE PATIENT EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION
Authors: B.R. Thomas, A. Barnabas, K. Agarwal, V. Aluvihare, A.R. Suddle, E.M. Higgins, J.G. O'Grady, N.D. Heaton, M.A. Heneghan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Abstract 615: Apigenin regulates prostate cancer matrix composition and cell attachment through an integrin alpha 1 dependent pathway
Authors: Carrie A. Franzen, Jill C. Pelling, Raymond C. Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) mortality is primarily attributed to metastatic rather than primary, organ-confined disease. Acquiring a motile and invasive phenotype is an important step in the development of metastasis. This step involves remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and of cell-matrix interactions, cell movement mediated by the actin cytoskeleton, and activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src signaling. Epidemiologic studies suggest that the metastatic behavior of PCa may be an ideal target for chemoprevention. The natural flavone apigenin is known to have chemopreventive properties against many cancers, including PCa. Building upon our previous findings showing that apigenin inhibits cell motility and invasion of PCa cells through the FAK/Src signaling pathway, here we study the effect of apigenin on integrin receptors, cell attachment, and ECM composition. By using an alpha/beta integrin-mediated cell adhesion array, we found that integrin alpha 1 (ITGA1) was the only integrin subunit to be down-regulated by apigenin in PC3-M cells. ITGA1, whose only binding partner is integrin beta 1, is a receptor for collagen and laminin. Integrin α1α1 gives cells the ability to attach to collagenous substrata. As collagen and laminin are important regulators of PCa cell survival, growth and metastasis to bone, we next elucidated the effect of apigenin on PC3-M cell attachment to laminin 1 and collagen IV. We found that apigenin decreases cell attachment to both of these ECM molecules, suggesting a potential anti-tumorigenic mechanism. It has been shown that integrin α1α1 can regulate the synthesis of collagen. So we next tested whether apigenin can alter the ECM deposited by PC3-M cells. We first tested whether ECM deposited by apigenin-treated cells provided the same adhesive support to PCa cells as the ECM deposited by the untreated cells. Interestingly, even cells not treated with apigenin did not attach and spread well on the ECM deposited by apigenin-treated cells, indicating that apigenin treatment changes the composition of the ECM. Using Western blot to evaluate differences in the composition of matrix deposited by control cells and apigenin-treated cells, we found that apigenin-treated cells produce much less collagen I and IV, thus correlating with the decrease in adhesion and spreading. These results demonstrate that the chemopreventive bioflavonoid apigenin may inhibit PCa cell adhesion through a combined effect on integrin α1α1 cell surface expression and ECM deposition. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 615. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-615
S18 Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Tracheal Wash and Induced Sputum Surfactant Phospholipid Kinetics from Healthy Volunteers
Authors: A Dushianthan, R Cusack, V Goss, AD Postle, MPW Grocott
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction and Aims</h3> Pulmonary surfactant is a complex mixture of lipoproteins synthesised and secreted by alveolar type II cells. The assessment of surfactant synthetic function and metabolism may provide essential information in disease states characterised by surfactant dysfunction. Airway surfactant is thought to be of alveolar origin. However, surfactant kinetics from airway secretions may vary from alveolar surfactant. Stable isotope labelling of surfactant precursors enables dynamic mapping of surfactant PC molecular species. This study aimed to compare three surfactant recovery methods [bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), tracheal wash (TW) and induced sputum (IS)] to assess surfactant PC kinetics in healthy adults. Surfactant phosphatidylcholine (PC) is synthesised <i>de novo</i> from choline via CDP-choline pathway. By labelling choline with deuterium, a naturally occurring isotope of hydrogen, it is possible to assess surfactant PC synthesis and metabolism in humans. <h3>Methods</h3> Healthy human volunteers had an infusion of <i>methyl-</i>D9-choline-chloride [3.6mg/kg] for 3 hours. BAL and TW specimens were taken at 24 and 48 hours and induced sputum samples were taken at 0, 8, 24, 48 and 96 hours after choline infusion. The lipid fraction was extracted with chloroform and methanol. The samples were analysed by triple quadrupole electro spray ionisation mass spectrometer (ESI/MS). The results are expressed in mean (+/–standard error of mean). <h3>Results</h3> Ten healthy volunteers were recruited. The endogenous PC composition from BAL and TW were similar. The newly synthesised PC fraction mirrored the endogenous composition at 48 hours for both BAL and TW IS PC composition and D<sub>9</sub> labelled PC fraction was variable. The total PC D<sub>9</sub>-incorporation at 48 hours was higher than 24 hours for BAL (0.55±0.04%), TW (0.56±0.04%) and IS (0.58±0.06). PC16:0/16:0 D<sub>9</sub>-incorporation had significant correlation for BAL and TW (r<sup>2</sup>=0.8201, P&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Isotope labelling of choline using ESI/MS analytical method, it is possible to assess surfactant PC metabolism. The tracheal aspirate is an alternative technique to assess surfactant metabolism in patients otherwise unable to tolerate invasive bronchoscopy. This methodology may be utilised to assess surfactant synthetic function in patients with acute lung injury.
Swallowing Dysfunction in Nephropathic Cystinosis
Authors: Barbara C. Sonies, Evan F. Ekman, Hans C. Andersson, Megan D. Adamson, Stephen G. Kaler, Thomas C. Markello, William A. Gahl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Nephropathic cystinosis causes renal failure in most patients at approximately 10 years of age. This can be prevented or retarded by cystine-depleting therapy with oral cysteamine. Many patients who do not receive adequate cysteamine therapy undergo renal transplantation, but the accumulation of cystine continues in other organs, resulting in various clinical abnormalities. We report age-related swallowing dysfunction in patients with nephropathic cystinosis.We studied 43 patients with cystinosis (24 who had received a renal transplant and 19 who had not), 3 to 31 years of age. Oral motor function was assessed by a cranial-nerve oral sensorimotor examination, and an oral motor index was calculated for each patient. The oral phase of swallowing was assessed by ultrasonography, and the pharyngeal and esophageal phases were evaluated by videofluoroscopy.Approximately half the patients were slow eaters. Oral motor dysfunction, reflected by a higher oral motor index, increased with age. Speech, oral structure and anatomy, and tongue and lip strength were particularly affected. Seven of nine patients 21 to 31 years old had abnormalities in all three phases of swallowing; the deficits were variable in younger patients. In 28 patients with cystinosis, the mean (+/- SD) duration of oropharyngeal swallowing for a dry swallow (3.06 +/- 1.06 seconds) was longer than in 14 normal subjects (1.89 +/- 0.57 seconds; P less than 0.001). This prolongation reflected impairment of the initiation phase of swallowing.Swallowing dysfunction is a late complication of nephropathic cystinosis, probably related to muscular dysfunction. Changes in the consistency of foods, swallowing exercises, and long-term cysteamine therapy should be considered for patients with cystinosis who have difficulty in swallowing.
Abstract P3-06-17: Detection and monitoring of circulating endothelial cells, circulating tumor cells and disseminated tumor cells during neoadjuvant treatment including an anti-angiogenic agent
Authors: Randi R Mathiesen, Elin F Borgen, Cecilie B Schirmer, Ingunn S Johanssen, Anna B Sætersdal, Erik A Wist, Olav Engebråten
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Withdrawn by Author Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-06-17.
ET-36 * HYPERTHERMIA IMPROVES THE RADIOSENSITIVITY OF GLIOMA STEM CELLS BY INHIBITION OF AKT SIGNALING
Authors: J. Man, J. Shoemake, A. Rizzo, A. Godley, Q. Wu, T. Ma, S. Bao, J. Rich, J. Yu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most prevalent and fatal type of primary brain tumor. Radiation is the most effective adjuvant therapy. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are a subpopulation of cells that survive to self-renew and recapitulate the tumor. Hyperthermia is one of the most potent radiosensitizers and is re-emerging as a treatment option for patients with GBM. To determine mechanisms behind hyperthermic radiosensitization, we performed a screen by phospho-kinase array analysis. We identified suppression of AKT activation as a major mechanism for thermoradiosensitization of GSCs. Whereas GSCs exhibited increased AKT activity after irradiation, hyperthermia abrogated radiation-induced AKT activation to impair proliferation and promote apoptosis. Expression of a constitutively activated form of AKT in GSCs was able to restore radioresistance even with thermoradiotherapy. Pharmacologic inhibition of the AKT regulator PI3K further enhanced thermoradiosensitization. In a preclinical orthotopic xenotransplantation model of GBM, thermoradiotherapy suppressed the phosphorylation of the AKT downstream effector ribosomal protein S6, reduced tumor growth and extended animal survival. Together, these data support the use of combined hyperthermia and radiation for the treatment of glioblastoma.
Court upholds strict law on abortion in Arizona
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Arizona’s law restricting abortions to 20 weeks after the last menstrual period—the most restrictive law in the United States—was upheld on 30 July by Judge James Teilborg of US District Court in Phoenix, Arizona. He denied a request to block the law temporarily and issued a final ruling upholding the law. The law will go into effect on 2 August.

The law had been challenged by the Center for Reproductive Rights, the American Civil Liberties Union, and three Arizona doctors.1

The centre and the civil liberties union said they plan to file an emergency appeal to prevent the law going into effect.

The Arizona law hinges on fetal viability, usually considered to be …
Abstract 3015: Identification of a novel gene target involved in tumor growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Honglin Chen, James Lee, Noelyn M. Kljavin, Leisa Johnson, Yuxin Liang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We have discovered a potential oncogenic role of a gene in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using RNAi technology. Silencing of the gene significantly inhibits soft agar colony formation of NSCLC cell lines, whereas its inhibition on cell proliferation in liquid culture is modest. This effect was observed in multiple murine and human NSCLC cell lines with varied Kras and p53 status. The inhibition on soft agar colony formation is reversed with ectopic overexpression of a cDNA encoding the full-length gene. Knocking down the expression of the gene also significantly impairs migration and enhances detachment-induced anoikis of NSCLC cells. An investigation of the molecular mechanisms reveals that silencing of the gene cytoskeleton signaling network. In xenograft studies using stable luciferase-expressing inducible shRNA cell lines, silencing of the gene upon doxycycline treatment leads to a modest reduction in tumor volumes while significantly decreases bioluminescent signals at metastatic sites including lung and lymph nodes. Furthermore, gene expression analyses in KrasG12D/p53 deletion-driven mouse tumors and clinical tumor samples show significantly increased expression of the gene in lung cancer as well as multiple other cancer types. Taken together, we have uncovered a novel oncogenic function of a gene in NSCLC, which could provide a potential new therapeutic target for cancer intervention. Citation Format: Honglin Chen, James Lee, Noelyn M. Kljavin, Leisa Johnson, Yuxin Liang. Identification of a novel gene target involved in tumor growth and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3015. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3015 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Case 20-1989
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, David J. Kanarek, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Presentation of CaseA 33-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of interstitial lung disease.She was well until five years earlier, when she was admitted to another hospital because of dyspnea and a nonproductive cough. An x-ray film of the chest was reported to show increased interstitial markings in both lungs. Microscopical examination of a transbronchial-biopsy specimen was reported to show interstitial fibrosis and organizing fibrin; examination of immunofluorescence stains for immunoglobulins and complement was negative; examination of stained smears of bronchial washings for acid-fast bacilli was negative, and cultures yielded no mycobacteria. A serologic test for mycoplasma . . .