tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regorafenib as a single agent for first-line treatment of frail and/or unfit for polychemotherapy patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): A study of the Spanish Cooperative Group for digestive tumor therapy (TTD).
Authors: Enrique Grande, Carmen Guillen-Ponce, Jose Maria Vieitez de Prado, Margarita Reboredo, Gema Duran, Bartolomeu Massuti Sureda, Laura Layos, Antonia Salud, Esther Falco, Vicente Alonso, Pilar Garcia Alfonso, Maria Jose Ortiz, Javier Sastre, Fernando Rivera, Javier Gallego, Luis Robles, Beatriz Gonzalez Astorga, Emma Dotor, Alfredo Carrato, Enrique Aranda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS3651 Background: More than half of the mCRC are diagnosed in patients over 70 years. Around 15-20% of patients diagnosed of mCRC do not qualify to receive polychemotherapy as first-line systemic therapy due to age and/or comorbidities. The optimal treatment strategy for this group of patients has not been adequately defined. Regorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor that has shown benefit in overall and progression free survival (PFS) over placebo in patients with mCRC who have failed to all approved standard therapies (Grothey et al. 2013). This trial will assess the efficacy and safety of regorafenib as a single agent in the first-line setting of frail and/or unfit mCRC patients who are ineligible to receive polychemotherapy. Methods: This is a phase II, single-arm, open-label study conducted in patients with mCRC who are considered frail and/or unfit to receive polychemotherapy. Patients should meet at least one of the following criteria: Dependence in activities of daily living owing to the presence of comorbidities other than those resulting from the deterioration caused by the neoplastic disease and/or presence of three or more of the following entities: congestive heart failure, other chronic cardiovascular diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral neuropathy, chronic kidney failure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, systemic vasculitis, or severe arthritis; presence of geriatric syndromes such as age > 85 years, fecal or urinary incontinence, spontaneous bone fractures, mild and moderate dementia, or patients who fall repeatedly. Patients will receive regorafenib 160 mg PO, three weeks on/one week off in a four-week cycle. The primary endpoint is PFS rate at six months. There are 46 patients who needed to demonstrate that the treatment is effective if PFS rate at six months is higher than 55% and to reject the null hypothesis (PFS rate at six months < 35%), considering an alpha error of 0.05 and a power of 80%. Elderly and unfit for chemotherapy mCRC remains a clinical unmet need in the daily clinical practice. Regorafenib is an active and promising agent that could fill up this gap. Clinical trial information: NCT01875380.
Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Francesco Iannuzzella, Mattia Corradini, Sonia Pasquali
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
ESCAIDE 2010 - an opportunity for sharing knowledge, building capacity and strengthening networks
Authors: J Giesecke
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: ESCAIDE 2010 - an opportunity for sharing knowledge, building capacity and strengthening networks, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/35/art19650-en-1.gif
Dose Finding of Small-Molecule Oncology Drugs: Optimization throughout the Development Life Cycle
Authors: Pasi A. Jänne, Geoffrey Kim, Alice T. Shaw, Rajeshwari Sridhara, Richard Pazdur, Amy E. McKee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract In the current era of rapid marketing approval for promising new products in oncology, dose finding and optimization for small-molecule oncology drugs occurs throughout the development cycle and into the postmarketing setting. Many trials that support a regulatory application have high rates of dose reductions and discontinuations, which may result in postmarketing requirements (PMR) to study alternate doses or dosing schedules. Kinase inhibitors particularly have been susceptible to this problem, and among the 31 approved drugs of this class, the approvals of eight have included such PMRs and/or commitments. Thus, the current paradigm for dose finding and optimization could be improved. Newer strategies for dose finding rather than traditional 3 + 3 designs should be considered where feasible, and dose optimization should be continued after phase I and throughout development. Such strategies will increase the likelihood of a right dose for the right drug at the time of regulatory approval. Clin Cancer Res; 22(11); 2613–7. ©2016 AACR. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “New Approaches for Optimizing Dosing of Anticancer Agents.”
The syndrome of autism: a critical review
Authors: E M Ornitz, E R Ritvo
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors review the clinical features and behavioral characteristics of autism; differential diagnosis of the syndrome; clinical, neurophysiological, and biochemical research; and its medical management and treatment. They conclude that autism is a behaviorally defined, specific syndrome that is manifested at birth or shortly thereafter. Its symptoms are expressive of an underlying neuropathophysiological process that affects developmental rate; modulation of perception; language, cognitive, and intellectual development; and the ability to relate. The long-term prognosis is guarded; almost all patients manifest severe symptomatology throughout their lives. Further basic research into the neuropathophysiological process underlying the syndrome is necessary in order to reach the ultimate goal of developing etiologically specific treatment programs.
SP0123 How to Evaluate CPPD Using Ultrasound
Authors: G. Filippou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Ultrasonography has been increasingly used the last years for the identification of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition (CPPD) in joints and has demonstrated to be a reliable and feasible tool in most of the studies published. However, it is common experience between sonographers that in daily clinical practice CPP identification by US is rather challenging as crystal deposits are not always numerous and diffuse. Furthermore, other conditions can mimic CPP deposition leading to a wrong diagnosis. During this section will be exposed the main US features of CPP deposition as well as the principal pitfals that could mislead diagnosis. Some tips and tricks that could help sonographers to identify correctly CPP deposition will also be explained. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The return (?) of postmastectomy radiotherapy.
Authors: A Recht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.12.2861 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8523047 The return (?) of postmastectomy radiotherapy. A RechtxA RechtSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1995.13.12.2861 First Page PDF © 1995 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Childhood testicular relapse.
Authors: T H Kim, A H Ragab
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.447 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3855969 Childhood testicular relapse. T H KimxT H KimSearch for articles by this author , A H RagabxA H RagabSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.447 PDF "Childhood testicular relapse.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(3), p. 447© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A Useful Meckel's Diverticulum
Authors: F J VOORHUIS
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trichotillomania: behavioral symptom or clinical syndrome? [clinical conference]
Authors: R L O'Sullivan, N J Keuthen, G A Christenson, C S Mansueto, D J Stein, S E Swedo
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

T richotillomania is defined literally as a “penchant (mania) for pulling one’s own hair” (1). Hair pulling as a symptom has been reported to occur in association with many conditions, including normal development, personality and developmental disorders, and psychosis (2). In contrast, the syndrome of trichotillomania appears to arise de novo and is characterized by urge-driven, repetitive hair pulling, increased tension when pulling is resisted, and a sense of relief after pulling (DSM-IV). Substantial distress and noticeable hair loss are also diagnostic; the condition is frequently chronic and unremitting (2). The pathology of trichotillomania spans both neurological and psychosocial domains, and we present here a case that illustrates many of the complexities of the phenomenology and treatment of this disorder (3–5).
Malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system with delayed increased accumulation on I-123 IMP SPECT.
Authors: Y Yamamoto, Y Nishiyama, K Kawakita, Y Toyama, M Ohkawa, M Tanabe
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy in the management of malignant lymphomas is well established. It cannot, however, differentiate malignant from benign lesions because this agent also accumulates in benign inflammatory lesions. The authors present a case of increased I-123 IMP uptake on both early and delayed SPECT images in a patient with malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system. Results show that I-123 IMP SPECT can help differentiate malignant lymphoma from benign lesions and other malignant brain tumors.
The R.I.L. Strain of Mice: Its Relation to the Leukemic AK Strain and AKR Substrains
Authors: Clara J. Lynch
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

The R.I.L. Strain of Mice: Its Relation to the Leukemic AK Strain and AKR Substrains Get access Clara J. Lynch Clara J. Lynch The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 1, August 1954, Pages 161–176, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.1.161 Published: 01 August 1954 Article history Published: 01 August 1954 Received: 28 December 1954
AB0013 Effects of Genistein and S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine on Global Dna Methylation and IL-18 Production by Ra Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: M. Shnayder, N. Kalinovskaya, I. Shirinsky, V. Shirinsky
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF) are characterized by reduced DNA methylation which is supposed to play a role in development of their stably activated destructive phenotype. Agents restoring DNA methylation have been proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of RA. One of the potential agents to reverse hypomethylation is methyl donor S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe). A soy phytoestrogen genistein has been shown to act similar to methyl donor supplementation on certain cells lines. IL18, an inflammatory cytokine, produced by RASF and playing an important role in RA inflammation and angiogenesis, has recently been considered as an attractive target for RA treatment. To date, there have been no studies investigating the effects of SAMe and genistein on global DNA methylation and IL-18 production by RASF. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate in vitro effects of genistein and SAMe on global DNA methylation and IL-18 production by activated RASF. <h3>Methods</h3> RASF were isolated from synovial tissue obtained during joint replacement surgery from 3 RA patients. The cells were stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1β and then SAMe (25, 50, 100 ug/ml) or genistein (5, 10, 20 ug/ml) were added to cultures. Global DNA methylation was measured by flow cytometry using monoclonal anti-5-methylcytosine antibodies. Concentrations of IL-18 in cell culture supernatants were determined by commercial ELISA kit. Effects of maximum concentrations of genistein and SAMe on global DNA methylation were assessed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests to determine the differences between groups. Effects of different concentrations of genistein and SAMe on IL18 production were evaluated using test for linear trend. <h3>Results</h3> There was a significant difference in RASF global DNA methylation between control cultures and cultures treated with SAMe and genistein (pANOVA =0.028). Post hoc test revealed significantly higher levels of DNA methylation in RASF treated with 100 ug/ml SAMe than in those treated with 20 ug/ml genistein (p=0.01). Increasing concentrations of SAMe were associated with significantly up-regulated IL18 production by RASF (p for linear trend =0.044). There was no effect of genistein on IL18 synthesis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Both SAMe and genistein may have an effect on global RASF DNA methylation. SAMe up-regulates IL18 production by RASF which indicates that non-selective enhancement of DNA methylation may potentially lead to increased joint inflammation in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0132 Prevalence of Soluble PAD4 and Anti-PAD4 Antibodies in Autoimmune Diseases- Association to Several Acpas but Not to Shared Epitopes in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: N. Umeda, I. Matsumoto, Y. Kondo, H. Tsuboi, Y. Kagami, A. Ishigami, N. Maruyama, T. Sumida
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Background  Anti-citrullinated proteins/peptides antibodies (ACPAs) are major predictor of disease severity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Citrullination is the post-translational modification mediated by peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs). PAD4, one of the PAD isozyme, is expressed in granulocytes and monocytes, as well as in the synovial lining cells of RA synovium. However, the specificity and prevalence of plasma PAD4 and anti-PAD4 antibodies (Abs) have not yet to be defined. Further, association of PAD4 and anti-PAD4 with ACPAs, HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) alleles and disease activity were not clear.  Objectives  To investigate the prevalence of PAD4 and anti-PAD4 Abs in autoimmune diseases and to clarify their association with ACPAs, SE and disease activity in patients with RA.  Methods  Levels of human PAD4 and anti-PAD4 Abs in serum or plasma were measured by sandwich ELISA. Samples were obtained from patients with RA (n=48), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; n=36), or Sjogren9s syndrome (SS; n=37) and from healthy controls (HC; n=40). Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (CCG)-2, -7, anti-citrullinated alpha enolase-1 (CEP-1), and anti-CCP Abs were also measured by ELISA. Patients with RA were genotyped for HLA-DRB1. The levels of human PAD4 and anti-PAD4 Abs were compared with the levels of ACPAs and SE alleles in patients with RA.  Results  The mean levels of PAD4 were 111.9 U/ml in patients with RA, 30.4 U/ml in SLE, 81.9 U/ml in SS, and 46.6 U/ml in HC. The PAD4 levels were significantly higher in RA than in SLE or HC (P  Conclusions  PAD4 levels were higher in RA patients than in SLE patients or HC. Anti-PAD4 Abs appeared specifically in patients with RA and were associated with ACPA levels but not with SE.  Disclosure of Interest  None declared
Problems with guidelines
Authors: A. H Shennan, L H Pazart, Y Mattilon, J Massol
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Doctors should work towards elimination of all firearms and knivesEditor-With the publication of the Cullen report into the shooting of several children at a school in Scotland 1 and the cross party support in parliament to increase the controls on handguns, the moment is ripe for the medical profession to pursue a new health campaign.Over the past three or four decades the profession has had some success in raising public awareness of the risks of cigarette smoking and through that, probably, in saving lives.The reduction of the suicide rate is an objective of the Health of the Nation for England, yet suicide rates are still rising among young men. 2 Homicide is a major political issue.Weapons, especially firearms and knives, contribute to both these forms of premature death.Elimination of all firearms and knives that are surplus to domestic and industrial requirements would not solve either problem entirely, but it would make an important contribution.We believe that the profession, through the BMA and one or two royal colleges (particularly the Royal College of Psychiatrists), could develop policies about weapons control.The prime minister has already indicated that he would introduce controls on knives if a workable definition for the surplus ones was drawn up.
Identification of gastric atrophic changes: from histopathology to endoscopy
Authors: Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Ernst Kuipers
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

In an aging European population, an increasing number of individuals will suffer from gastric cancer in the coming two decades. Recent research has determined the risk for gastric cancer in patients with different stages of gastric atrophy. Based on these data, it is now recommended that surveillance is offered to individuals with advanced stages of atrophic gastritis. Endoscopic biopsies of the gastric antrum and corpus are recommended in order to assess the severity and extent of gastric atrophy. This enables identification of those at highest risk of progressing to cancer. However, systematic reviews have shown that in recent years many researchers have assessed new endoscopic technologies for their accuracy in determining the severity and extent of gastric atrophy and metaplasia without the use of histology. Simple, reliable and accurate endoscopic features have been identified that can be used to either target biopsies or avoid biopsy sampling in the absence of endoscopic features of atrophy and intestinal metaplasia. This may largely simplify everyday practice. Randomized trials or large observational studies are now needed to demonstrate the accuracy of endoscopic assessment of the entire gastric mucosa and its impact on patient management.
SP0193 Lessons Learnt from Recent MRI Trials in RA
Authors: J. Baker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Given the limitations of clinical composite measures to quantify disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and limitations of standard x-rays in quantifying structural joint damage, it is important to consider imaging biomarkers that may provide a more complete and more objective portrayal of the disease process. Objective tools may be more sensitive to change and may more easily discriminate between ineffective and effective therapies. The conduct of clinical trials in RA is highly costly, partly due to the large sample sizes necessary to discriminate effective therapies compared to improving standards of care. Methodologies that can quantify the inflammatory disease burden accurately and with greater sensitivity to change have the potential to reduce sample sizes and study duration and to improve our understanding of the biologic effects of new therapies. A number of trial designs have now incorporated MRI and demonstrated that MRI measures 1) correlate with component indices of clinical disease activity, 2) can accurately assess changes in inflammatory disease burden and structural damage progression related to treatment effects, 3) can predict later radiographic outcomes, and 4) could improve discrimination of effective therapies and reduce sample sizes. There is therefore substantial evidence that MRI would be a reliable as a clinical trial endpoint and would substantially improve study power and reduce required sample sizes and thereby cost. Remaining questions are how to combine MRI with other disease assessments and whether this modality adequately reflects the patient experience to be used as a primary clinical trial endpoint. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The Effects of Ultrafiltrates and Residues of Horse Serum and Chick-Embryo Extract on Proliferation of Cells &lt;italic&gt;in Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;
Authors: K K SANFORD, H K WALTZ, J E SHANNON, W R EARLE, V J EVANS
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

The Effects of Ultrafiltrates and Residues of Horse Serum and Chick-Embryo Extract on Proliferation of Cells in Vitro Get access Katherine K. Sanford, Katherine K. Sanford Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Helen K. Waltz, Helen K. Waltz Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John E. Shannon, Jr., John E. Shannon, Jr. Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Wilton R. Earle, Wilton R. Earle Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Virginia J. Evans Virginia J. Evans Tissue Culture Unit, Laboratory of Biology, National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 1, August 1952, Pages 121–137, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.1.121 Published: 01 August 1952 Article history Received: 04 April 1952 Published: 01 August 1952