tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Economic crisis: the right time to widen endoscopic ultrasound utilization
Authors: Alberto Larghi, Vasco Eguia, Cesare Hassan, Elizabeth Verna, Ilaria Tarantino, Tamas Gonda
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

The global burden of cancer continues to grow and is a major economic expenditure for all the developed countries, where cancer treatment represents 4.1 % – 9.3 % of total health care spending [1] [2] [3]. Along with universally growing health care costs, this is of particular concern in this period of financial crisis, with many countries facing a potential period of economic recession or stagnation. The increase in cost is not simply the result of an increase in the absolute number of cancer patients due to the aging of the population, but also to the introduction of very costly new antineoplastic agents and technologies [4]. Moreover, a substantial proportion of the costs for patients with solid tumors are related to surgery, which is perceived as the sole cure for patients with cancer [5]. Appropriate patient selection and accurate preoperative diagnosis and staging are therefore critical to avoiding unnecessary or ineffective surgery [4].
Pittsburgh Cancer Institute: New Clinical Cancer Center
Authors: F. X. Mahaney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Pittsburgh Cancer Institute: New Clinical Cancer Center Francis X. Mahaney Francis X. Mahaney Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 12, 17 August 1988, Page 894, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.12.894 Published: 17 August 1988
Multimodality Evaluation of Cardiac Paraganglioma
Authors: Osamu Manabe, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Klaipetch Alisa, Kenji Hirata, Kazuo Itoh, Satoshi Terae, Yoshiro Matsui, Nagara Tamaki
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

We report 2 rare cases of primary cardiac paraganglioma demonstrated with multimodality imaging. Both a 46-year-old woman who presented with hypertension (case 1) and a 46-year-old woman without any symptoms (case 2) had mediastinal tumors depicted by CT and MRI. Both cases showed intense focal uptakes in the tumors with iodine-123-meta-iodobenzylguanidine SPECT. Case 2 also underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT and revealed a focal uptake. CT angiography detected the arterial feeder and venous drainages, information that was useful for the operation. After surgical removal, pathology confirmed primary cardiac paraganglioma in both cases. 18F-FDG PET/CT was also useful in ruling out residual or recurrent tumors.
Premature Births among Black Women
Authors: Richard E. Behrman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Approximately 245,000 low-birth-weight infants were born in the United States in 1986. These infants account for the majority of deaths in the first year of life, and they have a significantly increased risk of permanent disability.1 Low birth weight is the principal explanation for the fact that the death rate is higher in infancy than at any other time before the age of 65. Furthermore, the social and economic costs of caring for these infants are high, owing to acute perinatal problems as well as long-term sequelae, such as learning disabilities, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation.2 , 3 The potential advantages of . . .
Thrombosis of the Inferior Vena Cava and Dilated Veins of the Trunk
Authors: Christophe Roncato, Pierre Yves Lefant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

An 82-year-old man presented for evaluation of chronic, progressive edema of the legs. He had a history of deep venous thrombosis of the right leg, pulmonary embolism, and the subsequent insertion, 15 years ago, of an inferior vena cava filter.
PWE-034 Diagnostic Yield and Safety of ‘Bite on Bite’ Tunneled Biopsy for Sampling of Upper Gastro-Intestinal Submucosal Lesions
Authors: J A Evans, K Halketson, D Ismail, A Leahy, M Fullard, E Finerty, P Richman
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Submucosal lesions are detected incidentally in a small proportion of diagnostic upper gastro-intestinal endoscopies. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endoscopic submucosal resection (ESMR) are useful diagnostic investigations for the assessment of such submucosal lesions with studies reporting diagnostic yields of 42% - 92% and 87% respectively.<sup>1,2,3</sup> However, access to these techniques is usually limited to specialist centres and they can have complications, with bleeding rates for ESMR ranging from 0–24%<sup>3</sup>. The diagnostic yield with standard sized biopsy forceps is recognised as very low when assessing submucosal lesions.<sup>3</sup> However, there is some evidence that this diagnostic yield might be increased to 17–38% by using a repeated “bite on bite” technique with larger capacity forceps.<sup>3</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> We evaluated the diagnostic yield and safety of “bite on bite” tunnelled biopsy in diagnosing submucosal lesions found on upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy. Data from 30 patients who underwent tunnelled biopsy was prospectively collected over an 18 month period. The acquisition of tissue required repeated biopsies consisting of 6 bites from the same point using a biopsy forceps with an open jaw diameter of 7mm (Radial jaw 4 large capacity, Boston Scientific). <h3>Results</h3> 30 patients were included; (18 male, median age 60 years: range 31–79). The diagnostic yield on tunnelled biopsy was 7/30 (23.33%). Positive sample sites were: 4/12 oesophageal (1 mycobacterium tuberculosis, 3 leiomyomas), 0/13 gastric, 3/5 duodenal (1 pancreatic tissue, 2 endocrine carcinomas). No sampling led to bleeding requiring additional therapy to gain haemostasis. No patient required readmission with complications related to tunnelled biopsy within 30 days of their procedure. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The tunnelled ‘bite on bite’ biopsy technique produced a low positive diagnostic yield of 23.33% when compared to EUS-FNA and ESMR. However, there were no complications with this method. Despite its low yield, tunnelled biopsy could still be considered as an initial diagnostic method for investigating incidental submucosal lesions as it is inexpensive to perform, safe and universally available. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Hunt G, Smith P, Faigel D. Yield of tissue sampling for submucosal lesions evaluated by EUS. Gast. Int. Endosc 2003; 57(1):68–72. Jessen C, Dietrich C Endoscopic ultrasound –guided fine needle aspiration biopsy and trucut biopsy in gastroenterology – An overview. Best Practice &amp; Research, Clin Gast. 2009: 25(5):743–59. Cantor M, Davila R, Faigel D. Yield of tissue sampling for submucosal lesions evaluated by EUS: comparison between forceps biopsies and endoscopic mucosal resection. Gast. Int. Endosc. 2006:64(1): 29–34.
Selective Stimulation of Cardiac Lymphangiogenesis Reduces Myocardial Edema and Fibrosis Leading to Improved Cardiac Function Following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Orianne Henri, Chris Pouehe, Mahmoud Houssari, Ludovic Galas, Lionel Nicol, Florence Edwards-Lévy, Jean-Paul Henry, Anais Dumesnil, Inès Boukhalfa, Sébastien Banquet, Damien Schapman, Christian Thuillez, Vincent Richard, Paul Mulder, Ebba Brakenhielm
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Background— The lymphatic system regulates interstitial tissue fluid balance, and lymphatic malfunction causes edema. The heart has an extensive lymphatic network displaying a dynamic range of lymph flow in physiology. Myocardial edema occurs in many cardiovascular diseases, eg, myocardial infarction (MI) and chronic heart failure, suggesting that cardiac lymphatic transport may be insufficient in pathology. Here, we investigate in rats the impact of MI and subsequent chronic heart failure on the cardiac lymphatic network. Further, we evaluate for the first time the functional effects of selective therapeutic stimulation of cardiac lymphangiogenesis post-MI. Methods and Results— We investigated cardiac lymphatic structure and function in rats with MI induced by either temporary occlusion (n=160) or permanent ligation (n=100) of the left coronary artery. Although MI induced robust, intramyocardial capillary lymphangiogenesis, adverse remodeling of epicardial precollector and collector lymphatics occurred, leading to reduced cardiac lymphatic transport capacity. Consequently, myocardial edema persisted for several months post-MI, extending from the infarct to noninfarcted myocardium. Intramyocardial-targeted delivery of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3–selective designer protein VEGF-C C152S , using albumin-alginate microparticles, accelerated cardiac lymphangiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner and limited precollector remodeling post-MI. As a result, myocardial fluid balance was improved, and cardiac inflammation, fibrosis, and dysfunction were attenuated. Conclusions— We show that, despite the endogenous cardiac lymphangiogenic response post-MI, the remodeling and dysfunction of collecting ducts contribute to the development of chronic myocardial edema and inflammation-aggravating cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Moreover, our data reveal that therapeutic lymphangiogenesis may be a promising new approach for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Two Incorrect FDG Positron Emission Tomographic Interpretations of a Pulmonary Mass and Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Chia-Hung Kao, Shih-Chuan Tsai, Gang-Uei Hung
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

From Departments of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital,* Taichung, Show-Chwan Memorial Hospital,† Chunghua, and Taichung Veterans General Hospital,‡ Taichung, Taiwan Received for publication March 26, 2001. Accepted May 16, 2001. Reprint requests: Chia-Hung Kao, China Medical College Hospital, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract LB-110: Bioinformatic discovery of repositioned drugs to target breast tumor initiating cells
Authors: Bhuvanesh Dave, Hong Zhao, Linda T. Vahdat, Jenny C. Chang, Stephen TC Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: We have previously identified a tumorigenic gene signature based on profile features in common in CD44+/CD24−/low cells vs. all other tumor cell subpopulations(13–15), and in cancer-derived mammospheres vs. bulk tumor tumor initiating cells (TICs) (CD44hi/CD24−/low). A novel method to expedite drug development is to reposition FDA-approved known drugs for any medical indication as anti-cancer therapy. By using bioinformatic approaches which combines protein-protein interactions, signaling pathways and drug information on 6000 drugs, we mapped these known drugs to critical pathways identified in our tumorigenic signature in order to target breast tumor initiating cells. Results: This bioinformatic approach identified 10 drugs which were then tested in vitro and in vivo for ability to inhibit tumor initiating cells. These in silico results were first confirmed by in vitro experiments by evaluating the effects of these repositioned drugs on mammosphere forming efficiency. In two “stem cell like” cell lines, SUM159 and BT549 treated with 10nM &amp; 1μM of chloroquine, a dramatic reduction in MSFE was noted after a single treatment dose. Next, we performed limiting dilution transplantation assays, whereupon we treated SUM159 cells with 1μM chlorquine overnight and then transplanted the next day 200,000 cells/mouse (single sided). We observed a reduction in tumor initiation rate with only 1/12 xenografts growing within 10 weeks with chloroquine treatment vs 9/12 in control vehicle treated group. Conclusion: Bioinformatic approaches can be used to identify repositioned drugs against breast tumor initiating cells. This novel approach will allow the rapid translation of repositioned drugs that target breast tumor initiating cells into clinical trials. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-110
OP0240-PARE Announce and explain ankylosing spondylitis, creation of a patient tool
Authors: J.-N. Dachicourt, L. Grange, L. Gossec
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> First approach with the disease and spondylitis diagnosis can be a real shock for our patients. They feel the need to look for information by all means available to them: internet, brochures, books, press... Announcement consultations start taking place in France but they remain rare, inadequate, only as part of few therapeutic education programmes. <h3>Objectives</h3> Information is vital to improve the patient’s knowledge of its own disease. It stands as a major pilar of therapeutic education next to well-being and savoir-faire. Many information tools exist already for patients with axial spondylitis but few of them allow for real support and help to install a genuine dialogue between the pratician and someone making the first steps as a patient. <h3>Methods</h3> This innovative tool was conceived according to modern standards. The themes were precisely chosen. A brainstorming meeting took place with a doctor, a redactor and patients suffering of spondylitis, members of the leading national patients organizations: AFLAR and AFS. It allowed to pinpoint the key messages to deliver to a patient entering the disease. <h3>Results</h3> Themes were selected to be broached progressively during the first consultations, with various subjects about the disease and its treatments. They are organized in 9 chapters (Physiopathology; clinical signs; spondylitis: a delicate diagnosis; axial spondylitis treatments; physical activity, food and health; living with spondylitis; social and professional life with spondylitis; therapeutic education and information: be an actor). It comes in the form of a standing document, a practical aspect for a face-to-face consultation. one one side, the doctor’s part, with the selected key points for the patients and actualized scientific data. On the opposite side, an illustrated version for the patient allowing for an open dialogue about spondylitis. At the end, a validation certificate with “take-away” tips to improve one’s own knowledge and care. <h3>Conclusions</h3> As a useful and innovative tool, this is the first information support in France precisely designed for the announcement time of axial spondylitis. It was conceived for patients by patients as part of a rigorous scientific framework and can be used during rheumatology consultation as well as therapeutic education sessions. It is the first of a long series of material created according to modern conception standards, placing patient at the heart of the creative process. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Idiopathic Ulcerative Colitis Beginning after the Age of Fifty
Authors: Benjamin M. Banks, Melvin I. Klayman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE general concept of idiopathic ulcerative colitis as a disease occurring predominantly in the second and third decades of life must be modified in the light of accumulating evidence that the disorder is seen with significant frequency both in childhood and in the later years of life. It is not a clinical rarity to observe an elderly person with a reactivation of an ulcerative colitis that had its initial onset during the earlier decades. Quite distinct from such patients are those whose symptoms of colitis appeared for the first time after the age of fifty. A careful review of the . . .
P17.87 * ENDOGENOUS NEURAL PRECURSOR CELLS ACCUMULATE AT METASTATIC BRAIN TUMORS AND TROPISM OF PRECURSOR CELLS IS INDUCED BY TUMOR-RELEASED VEGF-A
Authors: M. Synowitz, J. Macas, H. Kettenmann, R. Glass, S. Momma
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

OBJECTIVE: Data from transgenic mouse models show that neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) can migrate towards experimental brain tumors and modulate the course of pathology. However, the pathways attracting NPCs to CNS neoplasms were unknown and it was unexplored if NPCs migrate towards metastatic brain tumors in humans. METHODS: We analyzed the tumor-parenchyma interface of neurosurgical resections for the presence of (NPCs) and distinguished these physiological cells from the tumor mass ( by fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH). Also, we performed experiments with transgenic mouse models, cell-culture (primary NPC- and glioma cultures of human and murine origin), cell migration assays and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We observed that PSA-NCAM-positive NPCs accumulate at CNS metastases. These metastatic tumors are distinguished from neural cells by defined sets of markers. Transplanting murine glioma cells embedded in a cell impermeable hollow fiber capsule into the brains of nestin-gfp reporter mice shows that diffusible factors are sufficient to induce a neurogenic reaction. In vitro, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secreted from glioma cells increases the migratory and proliferative behavior of adult human brain derived neural stem and progenitor cells via stimulation of VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2). In vivo, inhibiting VEGFR-2 signaling with a function-blocking antibody leads to a reduction in NPC migration in response to tumors. CONCLUSION: Overall, our data reveal a mechanism for NPC attraction to CNS tumors and suggest that NPCs accumulate in human high-grade astrocytomas.
Abstract P2-05-09: Identification and validation of a miRNA signature associated with breast cancer progression
Authors: PS Waters, RM Dwyer, MJ Kerin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: MiRNAs are aberrantly expressed in both the circulation and tissue of patients with breast tumours, however little is currently known about the relationship between circulating and tissue miRNAs. The aim of this study was to quantify circulating and tumour tissue miRNA expression in a murine model of breast cancer and identify novel circulating markers of disease progression. Materials and Methods: Athymic nude mice (n = 20) received either a mammary fat pad (n = 8, MFP), or subcutaneous (n = 7, SC) injection of MDA-MB-231 cells. Controls received no tumour cells (n = 5). Tumour volume was monitored weekly and blood sampling performed at weeks 1, 3 and 6 following tumour induction (total n=60). Animals were sacrificed at week 6 and tumour tissue (n = 15), lungs (n = 20) and enlarged lymph nodes (n = 3) harvested. RNA were extracted from all samples (n = 98) and relative expression of miRNAs previously associated with tumour progression were quantified using RQ-RCR. A microRNA array was also preformed comparing animals with early (weeks 1, n=5) versus late (week 6, n=5) disease and results were analysed using RQ-PCR in all blood samples (n = 60). Reverse transcription for the relevant targets and endogenous controls was carried out and expression was quantified using RQ-PCR. Results: MiR-10b expression was significantly higher in MFP compared to SC tumours (p &amp;lt; 0.05), with the highest levels in diseased lymph nodes (p &amp;lt; 0.05). MiR-10b was undetectable in the circulation. MiR-221 expression was significantly increased in tumour tissue (p &amp;lt; 0.001). MiR-195 and miR-497 were significantly decreased in tumour tissue (p &amp;lt; 0.05), and also in the circulation of animals 3 weeks following tumour induction (p &amp;lt; 0.05). At both tissue and circulating level, a significant correlation was observed between miR-497 and miR-195 (r = 0.61, p &amp;lt; 0.001; r = 0.41, p &amp;lt; 0.01 respectively). Microarray analysis revealed the level of 47 miRs to be significantly changed between week 1 and week 6 as disease progressed in a murine model, 10 of which (miR A-J) were significantly altered and internally validated within the murine model. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of miRNAs in breast cancer, with each displaying distinct roles in circulation and tissue. Novel circulating miRNAs which have never previously been associated with breast cancer have been identified, with quantification of circulating levels in breast cancer patients currently ongoing. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-09.
OP0138-PC High Presence of Chronic Diseases at the Onset of Inflammatory Arthritis: Results from a Population-Based Study
Authors: J. Ursum, M. Nielen, J. Twisk, M. Peters, F. Schellevis, M. Nurmohamed, J. Korevaar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Several cross- sectional studies report the prevalence of additional chronic diseases in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA), but only in established disease.[1,2] Most studies include newly diagnosed IA patients without other chronic diseases, or limit their study population to just one specific additional chronic disease in patients with IA and consequently exclude patients with multi-morbidity.[3,4] Moreover, it is unclear whether comorbidity in IA patients is increased compared to what one might expect based on age and sex. Studies performed on IA patients in community based settings are scarce and a clear overview of the number and type of chronic diseases present at onset of IA is lacking. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the prevalence of chronic diseases at the onset of inflammatory arthritis (IA) in a community based setting and determine whether this is different from age and sex matched controls. <h3>Methods</h3> In this nested-case-control study, data was used from the Netherlands Information Network of General Practice (LINH). Diagnostic information, recorded according the international classification of Primary Care (ICPC), from electronic medical records from general practitioners were used. 3,354 patients with newly diagnosed IA were included. Each patient was matched on age, sex, and general practice with 2 control patients. In total, we compared the presence of 121 different chronic diseases between patients and controls with logistic regression analyses. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 3,354 patients and 6,708 controls, nearly two-third were female, and the mean age was 55 years (SD=15). 70% of the IA patients had at least one chronic disease at the onset of IA, whereas 59% of the control patients had at least one chronic disease at inclusion. The highest prevalence rates in IA patients were found for cardiovascular (2-22%) and musculoskeletal diseases (3-13%), followed by respiratory diseases (6-8%). Compared to the control patients, patients with IA had the highest increased risk for musculoskeletal diseases with an OR of 1.7 (95%CI: 1.6-1.9), for neurological diseases (OR; 1.6 [1.4-1.7]) and diseases of blood and blood forming organs (OR=1.6; [1.2-1.7]). <h3>Conclusions</h3> At the onset of IA, the vast majority of the patients have at least one other chronic disease. Because of the large impact of present chronic diseases on disease course of IA and possibly on treatment, these diseases should be taken into account when treating IA patients. <h3>References</h3> Michaud K et al Best Pract Res Clin Rheum 2007; van Tuyl LH et al ARD 2010; Daoussis D et al ARD 2010; Peters MJ et al J Rheum 2009 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared