tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ongoing mumps outbreak in Novi Sad, the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia, January to April 2012
Authors: S Rajčević, Z Šeguljev, V Petrovic, S Medić, J Nedelijković, V Milošević, L Turo, M Ristić
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

From 16 January to 30 April 2012, a total of 119 cases of mumps were notified in Novi Sad, Serbia. Of these cases, 89 (75%), were among students. The average age of cases was 22 years-old (range 3-37). The outbreak is still ongoing in Novi Sad and is spreading to other parts of the Vojvodina province. As of 30 April, 209 cases have been notified in the province among those 119 from Novi Sad.
Early Changes in Chromosomal Number and Structure After Treatment of Fetal Hamster Cultures With Transforming Doses of Polycyclic Hydrocarbons
Authors: William F. Benedict
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Fetal hamster cells were exposed to transforming doses of the polycyclic hydrocarbons, 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene, and benz[a]anthracene. On cytogenetic analysis, metaphases were found with abnormalities in chromosomal number and structure within 24–72 hours after treatment. These rapidly appearing chromosomal changes may be important in cell transformation by polycyclic hydrocarbons.
Advanced Dementia
Authors: Susan L. Mitchell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

An 89-year-old male nursing home resident with a 10-year history of Alzheimer’s disease presents with a temperature of 38.3°C, a productive cough, and a respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute. Nurses report that for the past 6 months he has been coughing at breakfast and having trouble swallowing. He has profound memory deficits, no longer recognizes his daughter (who is his health care proxy), is bedbound, is able to mumble a couple of words, and is unable to perform any activities of daily living. The nurse asks whether he should be hospitalized. How should this patient be evaluated and treated?
Abstract P4-04-22: Upregulation of the interleukin 17/granulocyte-colony stimulating factor/fibroblast growth factor axis in breast cancer and its negative association with treatment outcome
Authors: K Kawaguchi, E Suzuki, Y Yamamoto, K Saito, M Toi
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background Interleukin (IL) 17 is secreted by T helper 17 cells and tumor cells. It may induce the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the tumor microenvironment directly and/or via fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) production by tumor-associated macrophages. MSCs play various roles in tumor development and progression, by mediating tumor cell migration, promoting angiogenesis, regulating immune responses, and inducing anti-cancer drug resistance. Therefore, in this study, we examined the association of the IL17/FGF/G-CSF axis with both breast cancer development and response to chemotherapy. Methods Eighty-nine breast cancer patients (34% with luminal, 45% with HER2, and 21% with triple-negative breast cancer) and 55 healthy volunteers were analyzed. Serum IL17, basic FGF, and G-CSF levels were measured using a Luminex system. The primary objective was to evaluate the difference in IL17 serum levels between breast cancer patients and healthy volunteers. Secondary objectives were to determine the correlation of IL17 levels with the basic FGF and G-CSF levels, pathological complete response (pCR) (if neoadjuvant therapy was administered), and disease-free survival (DFS) in breast cancer patients. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann-Whitney, chi-squared, and log-rank tests. Results Serum levels of IL17 (median, 91.9 vs. 40.3 pg/ml, p&amp;lt;0.0001), basic FGF (median, 63.9 vs. 3.15 pg/ml, p&amp;lt;0.0001), and G-CSF (median, 61.0 vs. 29.4 pg/ml, p&amp;lt;0.0001) were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in healthy volunteers. IL17 levels were strongly correlated with basic FGF (r=0.86, p&amp;lt;0.0001) and G-CSF (r=0.73, p&amp;lt;0.0001) levels. Among 64 patients who received neoadjuvant therapy, those with low IL17 levels (&amp;lt;91.9 pg/ml) achieved a significantly higher pCR rate than those with high IL17 levels (≥91.9 pg/ml) (56.0% vs. 25.6%, p=0.014). In addition, the DFS at a median follow-up of 35.7 months was significantly higher in patients with low IL17 levels (p=0.0190). Conclusion The IL17/FGF/G-CSF axis was upregulated in breast cancer patients and the levels of these markers were inversely correlated with pCR and prognosis. These results may provide novel insight into the role of IL17 in tumor development and have important implications in the development of IL17 as a target in the treatment of breast tumors. Citation Format: Kawaguchi K, Suzuki E, Yamamoto Y, Saito K, Toi M. Upregulation of the interleukin 17/granulocyte-colony stimulating factor/fibroblast growth factor axis in breast cancer and its negative association with treatment outcome. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-22.
Response to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) but not to G-CSF in a case of agranulocytosis associated with large granular lymphocyte (LGL) leukemia [letter]
Authors: T Lamy, PY LePrise, L Amiot, B Drenou, R Fauchet, N Genetet, G Semana
Journal: Blood (1995)
Outbreak of urogenital schistosomiasis in Corsica (France): an epidemiological case study
Authors: Jérôme Boissier, Sébastien Grech-Angelini, Bonnie L Webster, Jean-François Allienne, Tine Huyse, Santiago Mas-Coma, Eve Toulza, Hélène Barré-Cardi, David Rollinson, Julien Kincaid-Smith, Ana Oleaga, Richard Galinier, Joséphine Foata, Anne Rognon, Antoine Berry, Gabriel Mouahid, Rémy Henneron, Hélène Moné, Harold Noel, Guillaume Mitta
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2016)
Methotrexate therapy for psoriasis
Authors: O Groth
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A BRIEF REPORT<sup>1</sup>and an editorial<sup>2</sup>in the June 24 issue of<i>JAMA</i>concerned the unexpected development of pancytopenia after low-dose oral methotrexate therapy, often used in patients with severe psoriasis or rheumatoid arthritis. While such bone marrow toxic reactions are fortunately uncommon, they can be severe or even lethal.<sup>3,4</sup>Such cases may be thought to represent an idiosyncratic reaction to methotrexate, possibly caused by a patient's "hypersensitivity" to the drug. However, the articles in the recent issue of<i>JAMA</i>raise several possible explanations for this unexpected toxic reaction to methotrexate, including deterioration in renal function (with decreased methotrexate clearance), displacement of methotrexate from albumin by another drug (although this was appropriately believed to be an unlikely explanation), metabolic stress or infection, or coadministration of another folate antagonist. Two other important concepts were not discussed in these reports. First, methotrexate is a cell cycle—specific
Baseline Biomarkers for Outcome of Melanoma Patients Treated with Pembrolizumab
Authors: Benjamin Weide, Alexander Martens, Jessica C. Hassel, Carola Berking, Michael A. Postow, Kees Bisschop, Ester Simeone, Johanna Mangana, Bastian Schilling, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Nicole Brenner, Katharina Kähler, Lucie Heinzerling, Ralf Gutzmer, Armin Bender, Christoffer Gebhardt, Emanuela Romano, Friedegund Meier, Peter Martus, Michele Maio, Christian Blank, Dirk Schadendorf, Reinhard Dummer, Paolo A. Ascierto, Geke Hospers, Claus Garbe, Jedd D. Wolchok
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Biomarkers for outcome after immune-checkpoint blockade are strongly needed as these may influence individual treatment selection or sequence. We aimed to identify baseline factors associated with overall survival (OS) after pembrolizumab treatment in melanoma patients.Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), routine blood count parameters, and clinical characteristics were investigated in 616 patients. Endpoints were OS and best overall response following pembrolizumab treatment. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were applied for survival analysis.Relative eosinophil count (REC) ≥1.5%, relative lymphocyte count (RLC) ≥17.5%, ≤2.5-fold elevation of LDH, and the absence of metastasis other than soft-tissue/lung were associated with favorable OS in the discovery (n = 177) and the confirmation (n = 182) cohort and had independent positive impact (all P < 0.001). Their independent role was subsequently confirmed in the validation cohort (n = 257; all P < 0.01). The number of favorable factors was strongly associated with prognosis. One-year OS probabilities of 83.9% versus 14.7% and response rates of 58.3% versus 3.3% were observed in patients with four of four compared to those with none of four favorable baseline factors present, respectively.High REC and RLC, low LDH, and absence of metastasis other than soft-tissue/lung are independent baseline characteristics associated with favorable OS of patients with melanoma treated with pembrolizumab. Presence of four favorable factors in combination identifies a subgroup with excellent prognosis. In contrast, patients with no favorable factors present have a poor prognosis, despite pembrolizumab, and additional treatment advances are still needed. A potential predictive impact needs to be further investigated. Clin Cancer Res; 22(22); 5487-96. ©2016 AACR.
Corticosteroids and Intraocular Pressure
Authors: V M Pantieleva
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Models of Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor disease specific activity
Authors: W. K. Rathmell, C. Chmielecki, T. Van Dyke, M. C. Simon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9553 Background: The Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by mutations in a classical tumor suppressor gene (VHL). Clear cell renal cell carcinoma and hemangioblastoma without pheochromocytoma characterize VHL type 1 disease. VHL type 2 disease is characterized by the presence of pheochromocytoma and is further subdivided into type 2A (pheochromocytoma and hemangioblastoma), 2B (pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, and hemangioblastoma), and 2C (pheochromocytoma only). VHL has been implicated in cellular processes important for tumorigenesis, including cell cycle control, extra-cellular matrix remodeling, response to oxygen deprivation, and angiogenesis. The importance of VHL in each of these processes as they pertain to tumorigenesis is unknown. Methods: To address the hypothesis that pVHL performs multiple functions within the cell, and perturbation of individual functions via missense mutations contributes to the tissue specificity of the VHL syndrome tumors, we have generated a panel of VHL mutations representative of the VHL disease subtypes in both tissue culture and transgenic animal model systems by both transgenic and gene targeting approaches. Results: Embryonic stem cells which express only mutant forms of the VHL protein were examined in vitro for activation of the hypoxic response pathway, and demonstrate a restricted pattern of HIF1a and HIF2a activation, which correlates with predisposition to clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Furthermore, in teratomas derived from these ES cells on nude mice, we observed defects of tumor development, angiogenesis, as well as fibronectin deposition, which also correlate to the mutation of VHL expressed. Conclusions: This strategy utilizes three models systems: tissue culture, xenograft, and in vivo animal models to create distinctions between uniquely tissue specific types of tumorigenesis. Our findings of regulated HIF expression and HIF target gene expression as well as effects on vasculogenesis mimic those observed in human disease and provides a molecular mechanism to account for the highly vascular phenotype of VHL associated tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Confirmation on the immunogenicity assay used in the SB4 phase III study: response to the comments by Meacci<i>et al</i>
Authors: Paul Emery, Jiří Vencovský, Jung Won Kang, Jeehoon Ghil
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

We appreciate Meacci et al. [1] for the comments on the anti-drug antibody
Differential Diagnosis of Dementing Diseases
Authors: D R Thomas
Journal: JAMA (1987)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Saul S. Radovsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

C. GEORGE TEDESCHI, M.D.Early last summer in our town of Framingham Dr. C. George Tedeschi died at 69 years of age. A constantly open door and a liberal and active mind committed to problem solving died with him. He was director of medical education at the Framingham Union Hospital when he died, and had served as chief pathologist and director of laboratories from 1949 to 1953, and again from 1959 to his retirement to medical education in 1969. Altogether he had been associated with the hospital for over 25 years. He is survived by his gracious and devoted wife . . .
Abstract B1-20: Gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs in ovarian cancer
Authors: Marieke Lydia Kuijjer, Kimberly Glass, John Quackenbush
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Conventional methods to analyze genomic data do not make use of the connectivity between different data types, such as transcriptional regulation and gene expression, thereby often failing to identify the cellular processes that are unique to cancer and cancer subtypes. An example of this are the four recently characterized high-grade serous ovarian cancer transcriptomic subtypes – differentiated, immunoreactive, mesenchymal, and proliferative ovarian cancer. These subtypes have not been associated with significant differences in survival, and their discovery has not lead to the identification of subtype-specific therapies. Uncovering the regulatory mechanisms mediating differences in expression between these subtypes may identify new therapeutic interventions, and ultimately help cancer patients. We modeled regulatory networks of the four ovarian cancer subtypes using PANDA, a network inference approach that uses genomic data to search for an optimal network by modeling information flow between regulators and target genes. Because not only transcription factors, but also microRNAs play an important role in gene regulation, we modified the PANDA algorithm to account for the regulatory effects of microRNAs in addition to transcription factors (miR-PANDA, in preparation). We compared the networks defining gene regulation in each subtype using different network comparison metrics. We observed a very striking pattern in out-degree differences that suggests transcription factors and microRNAs play a major role in driving the different subtypes. Using gene set enrichment analysis on in-degree differences of target genes, we identified several cancer-related pathways that are highly targeted in specific subtypes, such as regulation of Notch signaling by microRNAs in the immunoreactive subtype, and regulation of Wnt signaling by transcription factors in the proliferative subtype. These results may point to new therapeutic interventions and advance personalized treatments for ovarian cancer patients. Citation Format: Marieke Lydia Kuijjer, Kimberly Glass, John Quackenbush. Gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs in ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Computational and Systems Biology of Cancer; Feb 8-11 2015; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(22 Suppl 2):Abstract nr B1-20.
Aspirin and Extended-Release Dipyridamole versus Clopidogrel for Recurrent Stroke
Authors: Ralph L Sacco, Hans-Christoph Diener, Salim Yusuf, Daniel Cotton, Stephanie Ounpuu, William A Lawton, Yuko Palesch, Reneé H Martin, Gregory W Albers, Philip Bath, Natan Bornstein, Bernard P L Chan, Sien-Tsong Chen, Luis Cunha, Björn Dahlöf, Jacques de Keyser, Geoffrey A Donnan, Conrado Estol, Philip Gorelick, Vivian Gu, Karin Hermansson, Lutz Hilbrich, Markku Kaste, Chuanzhen Lu, Thomas Machnig, Prem Pais, Robin Roberts, Veronika Skvortsova, Philip Teal, Danilo Toni, Cam Vandermaelen, Thor Voigt, Michael Weber, Byung-Woo Yoon, Francisco Macian-Montoro, Group Prevention Regimen For Effectively Avoiding Second Strokes (profess) Study
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Recurrent stroke is a frequent, disabling event after ischemic stroke. This study compared the efficacy and safety of two antiplatelet regimens--aspirin plus extended-release dipyridamole (ASA-ERDP) versus clopidogrel.In this double-blind, 2-by-2 factorial trial, we randomly assigned patients to receive 25 mg of aspirin plus 200 mg of extended-release dipyridamole twice daily or to receive 75 mg of clopidogrel daily. The primary outcome was first recurrence of stroke. The secondary outcome was a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death from vascular causes. Sequential statistical testing of noninferiority (margin of 1.075), followed by superiority testing, was planned.A total of 20,332 patients were followed for a mean of 2.5 years. Recurrent stroke occurred in 916 patients (9.0%) receiving ASA-ERDP and in 898 patients (8.8%) receiving clopidogrel (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 1.11). The secondary outcome occurred in 1333 patients (13.1%) in each group (hazard ratio for ASA-ERDP, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.92 to 1.07). There were more major hemorrhagic events among ASA-ERDP recipients (419 [4.1%]) than among clopidogrel recipients (365 [3.6%]) (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.32), including intracranial hemorrhage (hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.11 to 1.83). The net risk of recurrent stroke or major hemorrhagic event was similar in the two groups (1194 ASA-ERDP recipients [11.7%], vs. 1156 clopidogrel recipients [11.4%]; hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.11).The trial did not meet the predefined criteria for noninferiority but showed similar rates of recurrent stroke with ASA-ERDP and with clopidogrel. There is no evidence that either of the two treatments was superior to the other in the prevention of recurrent stroke. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00153062.)
Abnormalities of dexamethasone suppression test and urinary MHPG in anorexia nervosa
Authors: R H Gerner, H E Gwirtsman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Twenty-two patients with primary anorexia nervosa were assessed on variables of weight, mood, dexamethasone suppression test, and 24-hour urinary MHPG levels. Patients at less than 80% of their ideal weight had abnormally high cortisol levels after the test and low MHPG levels, regardless of their mood. The authors hypothesize that these abnormalities are not due to depression associated with anorexia nervosa and that decreased norepinephrine metabolism may be related to this illness.
Splicing Factor 3b Subunit 1 (SF3B1) Heterozygous Mice Manifest a Hematologic Phenotype Similar To Low Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes With Ring Sideroblasts
Authors: Valeria Visconte, Heesun J. Rogers, Ali Tabarroki, Li Zhang, Yvonne Parker, Edy Hasrouni, Reda Z Mahfouz, Quteba Ebrahem, Kyoichi Isono, Haruhiko Koseki, Anjali S. Advani, Yogen Saunthararajah, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Daniel Lindner, John Barnard, Ramon V. Tiu
Journal: Blood (2013)
NEJ016: Phase II study of CBDCA and weekly PTX plus BEV for highly selected elderly non-squamous NSCLC patients
Authors: Ryo Ito, Satoru Miura, Makoto Maemondo, Toshiyuki Harada, Shunichi Sugawara, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Akira Inoue, Taku Nakagawa, Yuichi Takiguchi, Hirohisa Yoshizawa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
A Rare Cause of Sigmoid Obstruction in a 77-Year-Old Patient
Authors: B.  Glasbrenner, A.  Schweitzer, T.  Ludolph
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

A 77-year-old man presented with a 5-day history of constipation and cramp-like lower abdominal pain. Multiple colonic diverticula had been diagnosed on a colonoscopic examination in 1994. On admission, striking tenderness of the sigmoid colon was observed, but no signs of peritoneal inflammation, and on rectal examination the ampulla was empty of feces. There was no fever, and the red and white blood cell counts and C-reactive protein were normal. On transabdominal ultrasonography, adequate visualization of the sigmoid colon was not possible due to intervening gas and fat, and the abdominal radiograph showed colonic distension with gas and feces, but without air-fluid levels. In order to clarify the cause of the suspected sigmoid obstruction, it was decided to carry out a sigmoidoscopy after preparation with several large-volume enemas. The sigmoid colon was easily reached, and a large undamaged blister-wrapped tablet of tamsulosin (Omnic) was found firmly impacted in a swollen sigmoid segment with multiple diverticula (Figure [1]). The foreign body was cautiously crumpled, mobilized, and extracted using a stone retrieval basket. On repeat sigmoidoscopy, a fissural ulceration surrounded by edema was visualized at the site of impaction (Figure [2]). The patient remained pain-free after the investigation, and further defecation was effective. At a colonoscopy examination 4weeks later, it was observed that the ulceration had healed, and the endoscopic findings were normal apart from extended sigmoid diverticular disease.