tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in research in two general psychiatric journals in 1969-1990: research on research
Authors: H A Pincus, B Henderson, D Blackwood, T Dial
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors describe the characteristics of psychiatric research over the past two decades as captured in the articles published by two general psychiatric journals.A total of 1,236 articles were drawn from The American Journal of Psychiatry and Archives of General Psychiatry for October through September 1969-1970, 1979-1980, and 1989-1990. Articles were assigned to one of five categories. Research articles were then further categorized as to methodological approach and field of research as well as specific topic areas. Funding sources listed for each research article were also indexed.Over time and in both journals, the percentage and number of research articles have risen, with a concomitant reduction in case reports, opinion papers, and "other" articles. Categories of research design were fairly consistent across time and in both journals. Percentages of articles on specific fields and topics indicated an increasing emphasis on biological studies, especially those in clinical psychobiology, as well as a sharp move away from general categories to a more disorder-specific orientation. Reporting of funding sources has substantially increased.The large proportion of research articles published in these two important general psychiatric journals reflects editorial policies, changing audience expectations, and the availability of new research tools. Systematic analysis of trends in psychiatric research and other forms of research on research can be useful approaches to assessing the growth and utilization of knowledge in the field, to planning how to most effectively use limited research resources, and to increasing public support for research.
Case 25-1967
Authors: Samuel O. Thier, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Presentation of Case First admission. A seventy-four-year-old man entered the hospital because of blurred vision.Seven weeks previously he experienced the sudden onset of painless blurring of vision in the left eye, which cleared within five minutes. Blurring of vision in the nasal half of the visual field of the left eye recurred suddenly three weeks later and persisted for about three weeks. Two days before entry ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a large, bright-yellow crystal lodged in the inferior temporal branch of the left retinal artery; it disappeared after ten minutes. On the following day a repeated examination disclosed a similar . . .
Consequences of surveillance of the forensic psychiatric examination: an overview
Authors: R L Goldstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Lawyers have argued that surveillance of the forensic psychiatric examination (either direct observation by a lawyer or recording of the examination) is necessary under certain circumstances to protect clients' rights and ensure more accurate reporting of the findings. Psychiatrists are concerned that surveillance could disrupt such examinations and impair their validity. The author reviews and extrapolates from available data on the effects of tape recording on clinical examinations and psychotherapy and concludes that the current state of scientific knowledge does not allow confident assessment of whether the perceived need for surveillance outweighs the possible impairment of the validity of forensic psychiatric examinations.
Link between pregnancy complications and minor physical anomalies in monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia
Authors: E Cantor-Graae, T F McNeil, E F Torrey, P Quinn, A Bowler, K Sjöström, R Rawlings
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The aim of the current study was to explore the relevancy of early pregnancy complications for the development of minor physical anomalies in monozygotic twins discordant and concordant for schizophrenia.Pregnancy complications and minor physical anomalies were independently assessed in 22 discordant, 10 concordant, and six normal comparison monozygotic twin pairs.Complications occurring during early pregnancy were associated with a higher frequency of minor physical anomalies in the total group and in the discordant twin pairs particularly. While no significant differences in anomaly rates were observed among the discordant, concordant, and normal comparison groups, the discordant ill twins showed a trend toward having more anomalies than their well co-twins.Complications occurring early in pregnancy are relevant for the development of minor physical anomalies and may be of particular importance for the development of these anomalies in twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia.
AB0834 A Proposal of Definition of Early Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis (Eskoa). Results from an International Consensus Promoted by the Italian Society of Rheumatology (Sir)
Authors: A. Migliore, C.A. Scirè, L. Carmona, E. Bizzi, N. Damjanov, R. Ionescu, R. Rashkov, D. Bablic-Nagic, L. Collaku, L. Denisov, T. Barskova, N. Martusevitch, D. Diracoglu, G. Herrero Beaumont, X. Chevalier, E. Maheu, J. Branco, R. Ramonda, M. Scarpellini, G. Bagnato, M. Matucci Cerinic
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> In the literature, no validated definition of Early Symptomatic Knee OsteoArthritis (ESKOA) is available. <h3>Objectives</h3> The Italian Society of Rheumatology (SIR) organized an international consensus to provide a proposal of a definition of ESKOA. <h3>Methods</h3> A set of focus groups were held with expert clinicians, basic science researchers, and patients in order to identify signs, symptoms, and risk factors of ESKOA. In parallel, a systematic literature reviewed the existing definitions of ESKOA. An international panel of experts, convened by the SIR, identified a set of disease constructs; these constructs underwent two Delphi rounds for prioritisation and weighting of items to include in a definition of ESKOA. Finally, during a face to face meeting, the panel agreed on a final proposal for the definition of ESKOA. <h3>Results</h3> The systematic review failed to identify any validated definition of ESKOA. The focus groups identified 46 items, among risk factors, signs, and symptoms, which could reflect a pre-radiographic stage of knee OA. After the first expert meeting, these items were reduced to 15, then two Delphi rounds, by the weighting of items, led to the ranking of the criteria. A further evaluation led to a final definition of an algorithm for the identification of patients affected by ESKOA (Figure 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The diagnosis of ESKOA is today possible and opens a relevant problem that is the identification of the therapeutic regimens needed to slow down disease progression. The early identification of ESKOA patients might allow a better quality of life significantly reducing the social and health systems costs. A validation study aimed to confirm the appropriateness of these criteria is warranted. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
European Perspectives
Authors: Robert Short
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Most of his lifetime interests-cultural, clinical, scientific, historical, and photographic-seem rooted in the rich world of his childhood in the seaside resort of Muizenberg (Figure 1) outside Cape Town, where he lived for his first 28 years.His home was close to the beach that the writer, poet, and Nobel Laureate Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) had pronounced the best he had ever seen, and nearby was the coastal retreat of another great Victorian, the architect of South Africa and Rhodesia, Cecil John Rhodes (1853-1902).Indeed, Rhodes spent his last months there in 1902, dying of heart failure.Dr Krikler says, "He was so short of breath in the end that he had one wall knocked down so that the sea air could come in to his room.He probably had an atrial septal defect."Perhaps Dr Krikler's interests in history began there, on the beach and among the Cape Dutch buildings (Figure 2) that Rhodes, Kipling, and he had all looked on.One of his earliest historical articles concerned Cecil Rhodes' appreciation of the importance of the pioneering Jewish settlers in the development of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).
Insuring intensive psychotherapy
Authors: S S Sharfstein, H L Magnas
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

Many private insurance programs that currently cover mental disorders eliminate intensive psychotherapies, including psychoanalysis, from the range of treatment options by placing restrictions on the number of visits covered. The authors examine the economics of intensive psychotherapy coverage and present data indicating that relatively few people in an insurance program with comprehensive mental health benefits use high cost forms of psychotherapy. They conclude that insurance coverage of intensive psychotherapy is feasible but suggest that further study of the goals of intensive treatment, potential demand for it, and the supply of qualified practitioners is needed.
Two outbreaks of diarrhoea in nurseries in Norway after farm visits, April to May 2009
Authors: J Møller-Stray, H  M Eriksen, T Bruheim, G Kapperud, B A Lindstedt, Å Skeie, M Sunde, A M Urdahl, B Øygard, L Vold
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

During a 2009 nationwide outbreak of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157 in Norway, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health was notified of diarrhoea outbreaks in two nurseries. A link to the nationwide outbreak was suspected and investigated, including retrospective cohort studies. Both nurseries had recently visited farms. Faecal specimens were obtained from symptomatic children as well as from the farm animals and tested for Campylobacter, Salmonella, Yersinia, Shigella and pathogenic E. coli, and isolates were further characterised. Nursery A had 12 symptomatic children, and we found the same strain of C. jejuni in faeces from children and lambs. Nursery B had nine symptomatic children, including one child with bloody diarrhoea carrying enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O26. EHEC O26 with a similar multiple-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA)-profile was found in sheep. Five children had enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) O76. Animals were not tested for EPEC O76. We found no significant association between illness and risk factors for either nursery. The isolated pathogens differed from the one involved in the nationwide outbreak. In each nursery outbreak, the pathogens isolated from children matched those found in farm animals, implicating animal faeces as the source. Hygiene messages are important to prevent similar outbreaks.
Serum thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in psychiatric patients: a review
Authors: P T Loosen, A J Prange
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

In 1972 it was reported that in some euthyroid depressed patients the serum thyrotropin (TSH) response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was deficient. Since then, 41 reports describing 917 depressed patients have confirmed this finding. Although it is useful to report differences between mean response values of patient populations, it is necessary to identify those individuals in whom the fault occurs so that sensitivity, specificity, state-trait distribution, and clinical correlates can be determined. Present data allow some tentative conclusions: 1) the fault usually reflects a defect in central regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis, 2) in some patients the fault may be a trait marker, and 3) it may represent a biological bridge between some depressed patients and some patients with other mental disorders.
PTU-234 Pilot study of video assisted anal fistula treatment in a district general hospital
Authors: HM Joshi, N Ormsby, R Rajaganeshan
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) is a minimally invasive, sphincter-preserving procedure with low morbidity. It was the aim of this prospective study to analyse both the feasibility and preliminary results of video-assisted anal fistula treatment (VAAFT) combined with advancement flap repair for anal fistula. <h3>Method</h3> The procedure involves diagnostic fistuloscopy and visualisation of the internal opening, followed by fulguration of the fistulous tract and closure of the internal opening with suture ligation. The video equipment (Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany) was connected to an illuminating source. <h3>Results</h3> The study was conducted from October 2014 to February 2015. Twelve patients with transsphincteric fistula were operated on with VAAFT and were followed up according to the study protocol. No major complications occurred. In most cases, both short-term and long-term postoperative pain was acceptable. Primary healing was achieved in 9/9 (100%) within 3 months of the operation. The other 3 patients are still awaiting follow up. <h3>Conclusion</h3> VAAFT is a minimally invasive procedure performed under direct visualisation. It enables visualisation of the internal opening and secondary branches or abscess cavities. It is a sphincter-saving procedure and offers many advantages to patients. Our initial results with the procedure are quite promising. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Pathogenesis of Ascites in Mice With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis 2
Authors: Joseph Fastaia, Allan E. Dumont
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Pathogenesis of Ascites in Mice With Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Get access Joseph Fastaia, Joseph Fastaia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Allan E. Dumont Allan E. Dumont 3Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 3, March 1976, Pages 547–550, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.3.547 Published: 01 March 1976 Article history Received: 19 June 1975 Accepted: 24 October 1975 Published: 01 March 1976
SAT0630 Sensitivity and Specificity 99mTc-Pertechnetate Hand Perfusion Scintigraphy in Patients with Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: S.R. Pavlov-Dolijanovic, N. Petrovic, N. Vujasinovic Stupar, N. Damjanov, G. Radunovic, T. Radnic-Zivanovic, K. Simic-Pasalic, V. Zugic, D. Babic, D. Sobic-Saranovic, V. Artiko
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity and specificity of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-pertechnetate hand perfusion scintigraphy in patients with Raynaud9s phenomenon (RP). <h3>Methods</h3> The study population consisted of 10 healthy individuals (mean age 57 years), 18 patients with primary RP (mean age 48 years) and 25 patients with secondary RP within systemic sclerosis (SSc) (mean age 54 years). Gamma-camera dynamic first-pass study during the first 60 sec and a static scintigraphy after 5 min were recorded following a bolus injection of <sup>99m</sup>Tc-pertechnetate via a cubital vein. Regions of interest were drawn on the summed images around the fingers and the palmar region. The fingers-to-palm ratios were then calculated from the total counts inside these regions of interest separately for each hand. <h3>Results</h3> The mean fingers-to-palm ratio for dynamic study (blood flow) was 0,58±0,19 for the healthy group, 0,45±0,18 for the primary RP and 0,43±0,21 for the SSc patients. The mean fingers-to-palm ratio for static study (blood pool) was 0,44±0.06 for the healthy group, 0,42±0,06 for the primary RP and 0,36±0,07 for the SSc patients. Analysis of variance showed these differences to be significant (p=0.039 from blood flow and p=0,004 from blood pool). The receiver operating characteristic curve showed sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 60% when using cutoff values of 0.40 for blood flow and sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 73% when using cutoff values of 0.40 for blood pool. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our method is able to differentiate between patients with normal and those with abnormal microcirculation of the hands. Dynamic study separates the healthy subjects from patients with RP, while static study separating primary from secondary RP. <h3>References</h3> Csiki Z, Galuska L, Garai I, Szabό N, Varga J, András C, Zeher M. Raynaud9s syndrome: comparison of late and early onset forms using hand perfusion scintigraphy. Rheumatol Int. 2006 Sep;26(11):1014-8. Csiki Z, Garai I, Varga J, Szücs G, Galajda Z, András C, Zeher M, Galuska L. Microcirculation of the fingers in Raynaud9s syndrome: (99m)Tc-DTPA imaging. Nuklearmedizin. 2005 Feb;44(1):29-32. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The treatment of night terrors associated with The posttraumatic syndrome
Authors: J R Marshall
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The author describes three cases in which the frequency and intensity of night terrors associated with the posttraumatic syndrome were greatly lessened by administration of imipramine; in one case, the night terrors disappeared completely. Possible explanationss for this effect of imipramine are discussed, including the drug's arousal-preventing action. The author believes that the study of sleep EEGs of patients suffering posttraumatic syndrome will prove fruitful.
Stathmin 1/2-triggered microtubule loss mediates Golgi fragmentation in mutant SOD1 motor neurons
Authors: Sarah Bellouze, Gilbert Baillat, Dorothée Buttigieg, Pierre de la Grange, Catherine Rabouille, Georg Haase
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2016)

Pathological Golgi fragmentation represents a constant pre-clinical feature of many neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) but its molecular mechanisms remain hitherto unclear. Here, we show that the severe Golgi fragmentation in transgenic mutant SOD1G85R and SOD1G93A mouse motor neurons is associated with defective polymerization of Golgi-derived microtubules, loss of the COPI coat subunit β-COP, cytoplasmic dispersion of the Golgi tether GM130, strong accumulation of the ER-Golgi v-SNAREs GS15 and GS28 as well as tubular/vesicular Golgi fragmentation. Data mining, transcriptomic and protein analyses demonstrate that both SOD1 mutants cause early presymptomatic and rapidly progressive up-regulation of the microtubule-destabilizing proteins Stathmins 1 and 2. Remarkably, mutant SOD1-triggered Golgi fragmentation and Golgi SNARE accumulation are recapitulated by Stathmin 1/2 overexpression but completely rescued by Stathmin 1/2 knockdown or the microtubule-stabilizing drug Taxol. We conclude that Stathmin-triggered microtubule destabilization mediates Golgi fragmentation in mutant SOD1-linked ALS and potentially also in related motor neuron diseases.
Common skin infection due to Panton–Valentine leucocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus strains in asylum seekers from Eritrea: a genome-based investigation of a suspected outbreak
Authors: L. Jaton, T. Pillonel, K. Jaton, E. Dory, G. Prod'hom, D.S. Blanc, F. Tissot, P. Bodenmann, G. Greub
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2016)

Since late 2014, multiple cases of abscesses and boils due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) expressing the Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) were observed in Eritrean asylum seekers in Lausanne, Switzerland. Strains isolated from infected Eritrean and non-Eritrean patients were compared by whole genome sequencing to determine whether these numerous cases result from an outbreak. The genome of S. aureus PVL-producing strains were sequenced and compared. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients infected by PVL-producing strains were investigated. This work reports 15 cases of infections due to PVL-producing strains affecting mostly asylum seekers (n = 10), people working with refugees and/or exposed to Africans (n = 3). Most infections were due to closely related strains of CC152 (n = 8) and CC15 (n = 3), two distantly related (>34 000 core single nucleotide polymorphisms) clonal complexes. An epidemiological link between the 15 cases could be ruled out by whole genome sequencing (33 to 172 core single nucleotide polymorphisms between the different strains of a given complex). Altogether, these results reflect the probable high incidence of CC15 and CC152 PVL-producing strains in eastern Africa. Clinicians facing unusual skin infections in African refugees (or in any person returning from this region of high endemicity) should consider S. aureus PVL-producer before suspecting rare infections such as leishmaniasis or rickettsiosis. Clinicians should also remember that PVL are frequently expressed by MSSA in some regions of the world and that antibiotics that are efficient on toxin expression, such as clindamycin, represent the best therapeutic option.
Outcome of irregularly discharged psychiatric patients
Authors: I D Glick, D L Braff, G Johnson, J A Showstack
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Clinicians' attitudes about the posthospitalization outcome of patients who are irregularly discharged from the hospital (i.e., against medical advice or AWOL) have been pessimistic, but unsystematic follow-up data of such patients compared with regularly discharged patients suggest that outcomes for the two groups are similar. Because of this discrepancy, the authors used data from a controlled, systematic study of a large sample of voluntary inpatients that measured global outcome over 2 years. Their findings suggest that 1 year and 2 years after admission, most patients who were irregularly discharged had outcomes similar to those of patients with regular discharges. There was, however, a subgroup of irregularly discharged patients who had worse outcomes.
Early Evaluation Of Natural Killer Cell Reconstitution Following Unmanipulated Haploidentical Transplantation Compared With HLA-Identical Sibling Transplantation
Authors: Isabel Gonzalez-Gascon y Marin, Ana María Pérez-Corral, Jorge Gayoso, Javier Anguita, Ana Carolina Franco, Cristina Pascual, Mi Kwon, David Serrano, Pascual Balsalobre, Ismael Buno, Carolina Martinez-Laperche, Elisabeth Sarmiento, Jose Luis Diez-Martin
Journal: Blood (2013)
Patients' views of placement facilities: a participant-observer study
Authors: R Christenfeld, Y A Haveliwala
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

The authors report a study in which five student nurses from a psychiatric hospital observed and talked with released patients in their new environments-family care homes, adult and boarding homes, nursing and health-related facilities, and their own family homes. Overall, these ex-inpatients seemed responsive to the physical and social features of their new environments. Some of the aspects most often noted as beneficial may have implications for inpatient facilities in terms of architecture, decor, clear differentiation of subunits, and greater exchange of information between inpatient and field staff.
Malignant Tumors of Childhood
Authors: R E KNUTTI
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1953)

In the past 20 years, cancer in the age group, 0-14 years has become the second leading cause of death by disease. At some ages, notably between 5 and 14, it may be the leading cause of death by disease. Leukemia is the most frequent form of cancer in childhood, and tumors of the brain are in second place. An attempt should be made to categorize more accurately tumors stated in reports as "miscellaneous," since in the reports analyzed herein, 15.8 per cent of all malignant lesions were so classified.