tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Age on the Clinical Effectiveness of Nitroglycerin Tablets
Authors: Elliot L. Sagall, George S. Kurland, Joseph E. F. Riseman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

THE value of sublingual administration of nitroglycerin for relief of attacks of angina pectoris is well established. Nitroglycerin has also been advocated as a prophylactic — before exercise and so forth — to prevent pain.1 2 3 Objective measurements of the value of both these therapeutic uses have been reported.2 , 4 , 5 From a practical point of view, the stability of nitroglycerin tablets is important. In the past, many lots of nitroglycerin have been condemned as substandard, presumably because of deterioration. As a result, fresh tablets are recommended, to be dispensed in tightly stoppered bottles.The question of deterioration of nitroglycerin is still controversial. . . .
Some Unusual Findings in an Epidemic of Anterior Poliomyelitis
Authors: Joseph H. Nicholson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

DURING the months of March and April, 1945, a southern army post experienced a short but explosive outbreak of anterior poliomyelitis. Within a period of twenty-five days, 18 patients suffering from poliomyelitis were admitted to the hospital. There were 3 other cases that were considered to be preparalytic in type, but since the diagnosis was questionable, they are omitted from this discussion.Anterior poliomyelitis is usually a disease of late summer and early fall. Winter epidemics have been described, but this outbreak cannot be so classified. The weather was unusually warm for the time of year, even though it is . . .
Osteopetrosis and Erlenmeyer-Flask Deformity
Authors: Andras Heczey, Chrystal Louis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

An 8-year-old boy presented with new-onset acute pain in his right leg. Radiographs showed a nondisplaced fracture and undertubulation of the distal femoral diaphysis — a condition known as Erlenmeyer-flask deformity. He had a history of neuroblastoma.
Abstract 3922: Lef-1 is differentially expressed in endometrial cancer and appears to target cyclin D1 in endometrial tissue
Authors: Hubert Fornalik, Traci Neff, Soo Park, Dawne Shelton, Xiaoming Liu, William Xie, Koen DeGeest, David Bender, Thomas Buekers, John F. Engelhardt, Michael J. Goodheart
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objectives: The molecular pathways involving endometrial carcinogenesis and gland formation are currently unclear. We have previously reported on the involvement of Lymphoid Enhancing Factor-1 (Lef-1), a transcription factor, in the development and maintenance of glands within the mouse uterus. We have also demonstrated the overexpression of Lef-1 within human cancer samples. Cyclin D1, a downstream target of Lef-1, has been shown to be over-expressed in a myriad of human cancers. We hypothesize that Lef-1 is differentially expressed in human endometrial cancers and that cyclin D1 is regulated by Lef-1 in gland formation and cancer. Methods: Using Lef-1 knock out (KO) mice and wild type (WT) controls we characterized the expression of cyclin D1 within the endometrial glands of the developing mouse endometrium. Using Western blot analysis and real time PCR, we also characterized and identified Lef-1 expression in different human endometrial cancer samples. Using both normal and cancerous human endometrial tissue samples, we immunostained for Lef-1 and cyclin D1 protein. Results: Lef-1 expression is increased in certain subtypes of human endometrial cancer. In WT mice, cyclin D1 is localized to the developing gland bud by day 7, as compared to the KO mice, which express no cyclin D1 during this day. There appears to be cyclin D1 immunostaining within the same Lef-1 expressing cells within human endometrial cancers. Conclusions: Lef-1 is overexpressed in specific subtypes of human endometrial cancer. Cyclin D1 appears to be present during endometrial gland formation within the mouse uterus and present within certain human endometrial cancer cells that express Lef-1. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3922.
Transdermal Nicotine for Active Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Rupert D. Pullan, John Rhodes, Subramanian Ganesh, Venk Mani, John S. Morris, Geraint T. Williams, Robert G. Newcombe, Michael Russell, Colin Feyerabend, Gareth Thomas, Urbain Sawe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

Ulcerative colitis is largely a disease of nonsmokers. Because anecdotal reports suggest that smoking and nicotine may improve the symptoms of the disease, we examined the effect of nicotine as a supplemental treatment for ulcerative colitis.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY WEIGHT CHANGE DURING HOSPITALIZATION FOR ACUTE HEART FAILURE AND PATIENT CHARACTERISTICS, MARKERS OF CONGESTION, AND OUTCOMES: FINDINGS FROM ASCEND-HF
Authors: Andrew P. Ambrosy, Paul W. Armstrong, Javed Butler, Lukasz Cerbin, Adrian Coles, Adam DeVore, Justin A. Ezekowitz, Marat Fudim, Stephen Greene, Adrian Hernandez, Christopher O’Connor, Philip Schulte, Randall Starling, John Teerlink, Adrian A. Voors, Robert Mentz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
AB1090 Delay on fibromyalgia diagnosis and its impact on long term outcomes
Authors: A. Ranzolin, C.D.L. Marques, A.P. Duarte, C.A.D.C. Neto, J. Trindade, T. Fragoso, A.T. Dantas, A.D. do Prado, F. Batistella, I.G. da Silveira, M.W. Keiserman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome which has a great impact on general health and functional capacity of affected subjects. As it is seen in other painful disorders, we hypothesized that an early approach would diminish the negative impacts fibromyalgia has on patient’s lives. In countries were fibromyalgia treatment is referred to rheumatologists (as it is in Brazil), and the access of patients to the specialist is delayed, we could imagine that patients with a greater time period between the initiation of symptoms until the diagnosis and the beginning of adequate treatment would have the worst outcomes. An unknown, yet important question is whether early diagnosis and early treatment can influence long term outcomes in fibromyalgia patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To correlate the time period between the initiation of symptoms until the diagnosis of Fibromyalgia and the beginning of treatment (delta time) to Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and Symptoms Severity Scale (SSS) results. <h3>Methods</h3> 151 patients from fibromyalgia clinics were evaluated in this cross-sectional study. At the time the subject attended the facility, an interview was performed and information to fulfill FIQ, WPI and SSS was collected. Spearman’s correlation test was used for comparison of nonparametric variables and considered significant at the 0.05 level. <h3>Results</h3> All pacients were female. Means and standard deviation for FIQ, WPI and SSS were 57.65 (± 22.49), 14 (± 3.54) e 9.05 (± 2.62), respectively. Mean for delta time was 7.45 (± 8.06) years. Correlation for delta time and FIQ was 0.035 (p=0.63); delta time and WPI was 0.110 (p=0.179); delta time and SSS was 0.037 (p=0.649). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We did not find a correlation among the time since the beginning of symptoms until fibromyalgia diagnosis and treatment to FIQ, WPI and SSS results. Regardless of the time that FM has been without diagnosis, its impact is important and should always be approached fully and appropriately. <h3>References</h3> Wolfe et al, The American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia and Measurement of Symptom Severity. Arthritis Care &amp; Research v 62(5) 2010. Häuser W et al. Guidelines on the management of fibromyalgia syndrome. European Journal of Pain 14(2010) <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 1453: Effect of systemic administration of chromogranin A on tumor metastatization in animal models
Authors: Eleonora Dondossola, Luca Crippa, Barbara Colombo, Anna Gasparri, Flavio Curnis, Angelo Corti
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chromogranin A (CgA), an acidic glycoprotein present within secretory vesicles of many normal and neoplastic endocrine and neuroendocrine cells, is abnormally released in circulation in patients with neuroendocrine tumors. We have previously shown that local production of CgA can affect tumor growth by affecting the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we have recently shown that circulating CgA is increased also in a subpopulation of patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with important prognostic implications. The present study was undertaken to investigate the role of CgA in tumor metastatization. We have found that systemic administration of CgA to mice can inhibit the number of lung metastasis formed by B16F10 mouse melanoma and by TS/A mouse mammary adenocarcinoma cells, when these cells were injected into the tail vein. The dose-response curve was bell-shaped, maximal effects being obtained with a dose of 0.2 ug/mouse administered daily (i.v for four days after tumor cell injection). Remarkably, this dose produced circulating levels similar to those found in NSCLC patients. The CgA1-78 N-terminal fragment (called vasostatin-1, VS-1) was sufficient to exert anti-metastatic effects in both models, suggesting that the N-terminal region of CgA contains a bioactive site. CgA could also inhibit B16F10 cell migration and invasion in vitro, and vessel formation in different in vitro and in vivo angiogenic assays. These results suggest that abnormal levels of circulating CgA in cancer patients can contribute to regulate tumor metastatization, possibly by affecting different steps of the metastatic cascade. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1453.
Melorheostosis Bone Scintigraphy and F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: RICHARD T. KLOOS, PAUL SHREVE, LORRAINE FIG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Melorheostosis is an uncommon bone disorder first reported in 1922 by Leri and Joanny. The disorder may be monostotic, polyostotic, or monomelic with a prediliction for the diaphyseal and epiphyseal regions of the lower limbs. Patients may be asymptomatic or may experience stiffness, pain (typically worsened by activity), impaired joint mobility, altered limb length, deformity, and various other orthopedic, dermatologic, vascular, lymphatic, and soft-tissue abnormalities. According to the authors, bone scan results have been reported infrequently and FDG PET has not been previously described.
Secondary Palatal Myoclonus
Authors: Sanjeev Sivakumar, Kumar Rajamani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 59-year-old woman with a history of diabetes, hypertension, and multiple previous strokes presented for evaluation. She had had acute onset of imbalance and difficulty speaking 2 years earlier. Examination revealed a constant, jerky movement of the soft palate, shown in a video.
Most uninsured Americans plan to buy insurance in response to health reform law
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A majority of Americans without insurance plan to obtain coverage in response to the provisions of the Affordable Care Act, a new poll has found, but many remain unaware of key provisions of the law.

In a Gallup poll released on 30 September, 65% of uninsured Americans surveyed said that they intended to buy insurance by 1 January 2014 rather than pay the fine mandated by the Affordable Care Act.1

But the majority (51%) of those surveyed said that they were “not familiar at all” with new health insurance exchanges.

The Gallup poll was based on telephone interviews conducted between 17 and 26 September with a random sample of 5099 adults aged 18 and older living in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia.

The exchanges, which opened for …
Tc-99m MIBI Scintigraphy in a Patient with Primary and Metastatic Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Seong Jang Kim, Ju Won Seok, In Ju Kim, Yong Ki Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Malignant melanoma is a rare malignant tumor arising within the melanocytes of the skin. The authors report a case of primary and metastatic malignant melanoma revealed with Tc-99m MIBI in one patient. Tc-99m MIBI images showed uptake in possible malignant melanoma skin lesions of the left calf and great toe of a 73-year-old man. Malignant melanomas (primary and metastatic) were diagnosed on excisional biopsies. Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy might be useful not only in the diagnosis of possible primary malignant melanoma lesions but also in the diagnosis of metastatic or recurrent disease.
ESFINTEROTOMIA COMBINADA EN EL ACCESO A LA VIA BILIAR
Authors: J Espinel, E Pinedo, L Vaquero, B Alvarez
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: La esfinterotomía de precorte (EP) hace referencia a una variedad de técnicas endoscópicas utilizadas para conseguir el acceso a la vía biliar y/o pancreática, cuando los métodos convencionales de canulación han fallado. El uso de la EP varía ampliamente según los artículos publicados y existe cierta controversia respecto a su seguridad y técnica preferida. La técnica más común es la esfinterotomía de aguja (EA) y en segundo lugar, la esfinterotomía transpancreática (ETP). Nuestra experiencia se inició con la EA si bien, con el paso del tiempo, hemos incrementado significativamente el uso de la ETP. No existen datos sobre la aportación que puede dar el empleo conjunto, en una misma sesión, de ETP+EA (esfinterotomía combinada). Se describe nuestra experiencia en EC y se realiza un análisis prospectivo de los resultados. Objetivo: Valorar la eficacia y seguridad de la esfinterotomía combinada (EC) y compararla a otras formas de esfinterotomía de precorte. Material y método: El estudio incluye las esfinterotomía de precorte realizadas entre noviembre de 2004 y junio de 2012, ante la imposibilidad de canulación de la via biliar por los métodos habituales y distribuidas de la siguiente forma: ETP, EA y EC. En la EC se emplearon ambas técnicas (ETP+EA) en la misma sesión, comenzando por la ETP y concluyendo con la EA. Resultados: Durante el periodo de estudio se realizaron 2.390 CPRE y 1.789 esfinterotomía. De ellas, 247 fueron de precorte (13,8%), según la siguiente distribución: 125 ETP (6,9%), 74 EA (4,1%), 48 EC (2,6%). Se consiguió la canulación (inmediata/en conjunto) en el grupo EC (83,3%/100%) frente al grupo de ETP (93,6%/96,8%) y grupo EA (82,4%/90,5%) (p=0,03/p=0,03). Las complicaciones advertidas fueron: EC (2%), ETP (8,8%) y EA (6,7%) (p=n.s.). Se apreció hiperamilasemia en el 18,8% (EC), 26,4% (ETP) y 4,1% (EA) (p=0,009). No hubo mortalidad relacionada con las técnicas de precorte. Conclusiones: La esfinterotomía combinada puede ser una opción alternativa novedosa de precorte en pacientes con canulación difícil de la vía biliar, a tenor de la eficacia y seguridad evidenciada en nuestro estudio.
68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT Detects Medullary Thyroid Cancer Relapse at Bone Level
Authors: Silvia Nicolini, Ambrosini Valentina, Fantini Lorenzo, Fanti Stefano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A patient with a history of radical thyroidectomy for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) was studied by 68Ga [DOTA,1-Nal3]octreotide PET/CT for suspected relapse. PET/CT documented a focal area of somatostatin receptors expression at bone level. Although 68Ga DOTA-peptides PET has been successfully used for the detection of neuroendocrine tumors, its role in MTC patients is still under evaluation. In fact, although deriving from the neural crest, MTC cells may show a variable expression of somatostatin receptors. This case shows that PET/CT with DOTANOC may be a useful complementary imaging modality in patients with well-differentiated MTC.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Rat Endometrium Produced by Insertion of Strings Coated With Paraffin and Polymer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Nobuhisa Baba, Emmerich von Haam
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Ten months after the intrauterine insertion of cotton strings coated with a mixture of paraffin and vinyl resin, 5 squamous cell carcinomas and 2 squamous dysplastic lesions of the endometrium were found in 12 NIH Black rats. The incidence of a malignant lesion was 41.6%. All lesions were associated with severe pyometra. They were studied by light and electron microscopy. In the dysplastic stage, nuclear abnormalities were moderate, and keratinization of the superficial epithelial cells was incomplete, with many vacuoles in thesecells. In the middle layer of the dysplastic squamous epithelium, lysosomes were markedly increased. The malignant cells had marked irregularity of the nuclei, enlarged nucleoli, and advanced keratinization in the superficial layers of epithelium. The ultrastructure of the cancer cells was quite similar to that of cells of the endometrial squamous cell carcinoma induced by carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons. The failure to produce malignant neoplasms of the endometrium in rabbits and mice by insertion of strings coated with the same mixture of paraffin and vinyl resin indicates that NIH Black rats have a definite predisposition to polymer carcinogenesis of the endometrium.
THE PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF ST RESOLUTION AND TEMPORAL ECG FEATURES IN PRIMARY PCI PATIENTS: A SUBSTUDY OF THE TOTAL TRIAL
Authors: Kjell C. Nikus, Markku Eskola, Joonas Leivo, Eero Anttonen, Kimmo Koivula, Jyri Koivumäki, Vladimir Dzavik, Kari Niemela, Sanjit Jolly
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
SEGURIDAD, EFICACIA Y TÉCNICAS DE RESCATE PARA LA RETIRADA DE PRÓTESIS BILIARES METÁLICAS (PBM)
Authors: N Alcaide Suárez, MT Herranz Bachiller, S Lorenzo Pelayo, L Sancho del Val, R Ruiz-Zorrilla, P Gil Simón, P Díez Redondo, A Caro-Patón, C De la Serna-Higuera, M Pérez-Miranda
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Material y Métodos: 46 Pacientes (63.5 [34–91] años; 28 varones) identificados prospectivamente entre Sept10-Ago11 con intento retirada endoscópica PBM. Revisión retrospectiva CPREs/HaClínicas: indicaciones; tipo PBM; tiempo PBM in situ; dificultad, número sesiones, complicaciones y éxito de la retirada. Retirada fácil (RetF): 1 sesión mediante tracción moderada asa/pinza. Retirada difícil (RetD): ≥1 sesión mediante tracción forzada, PBM cubierta coaxial para decúbito ingrowth, en calcetín con pinza intraductal, o piece-meal. Chi-cuadrado, Fisher's, UMann-Whitney según procediera.
Abstract P5-10-07: TACT2 Randomised Adjuvant Trial in Early Breast Cancer (EBC): Tolerability and Toxicity of Standard 3 Weekly Epirubicin (E) Versus Accelerated Epirubicin (aE) Followed by Capecitabine (X) or CMF in 129 UK Hospitals (CRUK/05/019)
Authors: JM Bliss, P Canney, G Velikova, P Barrett-Lee, H Moyses, M McDermaid, J Banerji, C Gaunt, C Reynolds, R Agrawal, P Murray, P Clark, A Goodman, D Cameron
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: TACT2, a multicentre phase III trial with E-CMF as control (NEAT Poole NEJM 2006), tests 2 hypotheses in a 2x2 factorial design: A) accelerating chemotherapy (CT) offers superior benefits (CALGB9741 Citron JCO 2003); B) the oral 5FU prodrug X gives similar efficacy but preferential side-effect profile to CMF. Here, focus is on hypothesis B with results for compliance, QL &amp; acute toxicities (physician &amp; patient (pt) reported) during CMF vs. X Materials &amp; Methods: 4391 pts (4371 women, 20 men) with node+ve/high risk node-ve invasive EBC were recruited between Dec 2005-08. Treatment was E(100mg/m2 x 4) q3wk vs q2wk aE(100mg/m2 x 4 + pegfilgrastim 6mg d2) followed by classical CMF q4wk x 4 vs X(2500mg/m2/day x 14) q3wk x 4. Detailed CTCAE toxicity was assessed in a subset (38 centres, 2086 pts receiving ≥1 cycle CMF or X). 1279/2086 also participated in substudy of pt-reported outcomes (EORTC QLQ-C30 and TACT2-specific toxicities). 826 had complete dataset (baseline, cycles 4&amp;8). P-values are trend tests across all grades &amp; %grade 3+ are reported. QL assessed via linear regression models adjusted for baseline, end cycle 4 score, &amp; aE vs E. P&amp;lt;0.01 classed as significant QL in cycles 5-8 was better with X than CMF for global QL&amp; fatigue (P&amp;lt;0.001). Pts reporting clinically meaningful deterioration (&amp;gt;10 points): global QL CMF 106/398 (27%), X 79/428 (18%); fatigue CMF 164/398 (41%), X 122/428 (29%)). Conclusion: TACT2, the largest adjuvant EBC trial with X, confirms that X has preferential side-effect profile and global QL compared to CMF, with no evidence that prior aE compromised treatment delivery. Dose delivery data are consistent with advanced disease observations that for some pts, 2000mg/m2/day may be correct dose. Results: 4264 (97%) pts continued on CT beyond cycle 4. 3726 completed all 8 cycles (E-CMF 951 (85%), aE-CMF 938 (86%), E-X 932 (84%), aE-X 905 (83%). For cycles 5-8, %RDI &amp;gt; 85% was 69% after E and 68% after aE. Cycles delivered on time CMF 59%, X 63%; cycles without dose reduction CMF 75%, X 62%. 15 deaths in total within 30 days of CT: 9 on CMF, 6 on X. Worst grade toxicities which differed between CMF &amp; X during cycles 5-8: Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-10-07.
A2.6 MTOR plays a decisive role in the mesenchymal tissue response to inflammation in arthritis
Authors: T Karonitsch, K Dalwigk, B Herdy, K Kandasamy, B Niederreiter, J Holinka, F Sevelda, R Windhager, M Bilban, T Weichhart, M Saemann, JS Smolen, HP Kiener, G Superti-Furga
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3></h3> Accumulating evidence supports the concept that resident mesenchymal cells, namely fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) actively participate in the destructive, inflammatory process of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). FLS maintain a synovial microenvironment that helps to recruit, retain, and activate immune cells, resulting in chronic inflammation with attendant joint destruction. Here, we provide evidence that the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which overall has evolved as a major factor for the maintainance of tissue homeostasis and function, is also a critical component of the inflammatory process in synovitis. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that mTOR is activated in rheumatoid synovitis, particularly in FLS of the hyperplastic synovial lining layer. By using western blot or advanced cell biological methods, such as a recently described synovial organ culture system, we further demonstrate that the proinflammatory cytokine TNF positively regulates the mTOR pathway in FLS. To further define the biological significance of these findings, we made use of genome-wide transcriptome analysis. Remarkably, these analyses revealed a so far unknown decisive (modulatory) role for mTOR in the gene expression programs induced by TNF. Thus, inhibition of mTOR by specific inhibitors, such as Torin-1 or PP242, increased the TNF-induced expression of genes, all known to be regulated by NFkB signalling circuit (e.g. PTGS2, IL8, CCL20). By contrast, inhibition of mTOR diminished the TNF-mediated induction of "interferon regulated genes" (IRG), including TNFSF10, CXCL11 and TNFSF13B (BAFF). In conclusion, these studies provide new insight into determinants of the synovial tissue response to inflammation and suggest a multifaceted regulatory role for mTOR in synovial inflammatory processes.