tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P74 Follow-up Of Lung Cancer Patients Post Surgery
Authors: R. Aslam, A. Biswas, P. Blaxill
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Rationale</h3> Over 50% of patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer die from recurrence or a second episode of lung cancer within 5 yrs.<sup>1</sup> There is little evidence based guidelines regarding the follow up of post surgical resection. Most follow up with physical examination and plain radiographs. Few recommend follow up with CTs. Within Mid Yorkshire NHS trust, patients are followed up post-operatively for 5 years. In the initial 2 years CTs are performed at 3, 12 and 24 months and chest radiographs at 3 to 6 monthly intervals for 5 years. The aim of this study was to assess the benefits of cross sectional imaging. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective analysis was conducted of 109 patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer within Mid Yorkshire NHS hospital trust between 2009 and 2012. <h3>Results</h3> 109 patients were included in total (42% female). Types of surgery were lobectomy (80%), wedge resection (10%) and pneumonectomy (10%) Recurrence occurred in 37% of patients (85% pulmonary). 60% of recurrences were adenocarcinomas and 33% squamous cell carcinomas. The majority of patients were asymptomatic (78%). Dyspnoea was the most frequent symptom (19%). The most commonly staged tumour was 1B (pT2A 53%, pN0 50%). 53% of recurrences were identified at the 3 month post-operative CT, 8% at 6 months, 28% at 12 months and 3% at 24 months. Chest radiographs identified recurrence at 6 (3%), 9 (3%) 18 (3%) and 21 months (3%). Total mortality within the recurrence group was 25%. 54% of patients had treatment with curative intent (surgery; 23% radiotherapy; 18% chemotherapy 8%; chemoradiotherapy 5%). 23% received palliative treatment, chemotherapy/ radiotherapy. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There are substantial benefits of imaging in identifying recurrences in cancer patients. The post-operative CT imaging at 3 and 12 months is advantageous as they identified 53% and 28% of the recurrences respectively. However, the benefit of regular chest radiographs and surveillance CT at 24 months is questionable as they were less effective. <h3>Reference</h3> Egerman U, Jaeggi K, Habicht JM, Perruchoud AP, Dalugen P, Soler M. Regular follow-up after curative resection of nonsmall cell lung cancer: a real benefit for patients? <i>Eur Respir J</i> 2002 Mar;19(3):464–8
Biodegradable stents: truly biodegradable with good tissue harmony
Authors: J. Basha, S. Appasani, K. Vaiphei, V. Gupta, K. Singh, R. Kochhar
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 48-year-old man presented to our hospital with corrosive (sulfuric acid)-induced esophageal and pyloric strictures and a barium study showing narrowing of a long segment in the distal esophagus ([Fig. 1 a]), reduced capacity of stomach, and antropyloric narrowing ([Fig. 1 b]). Balloon dilation (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) of esophageal and pyloric strictures was done over a period of 6 months. The pyloric stricture opened up, however, the esophageal stricture was refractory and the patient continued to have dysphagia. Therefore, an 80 mm × 23 mm SX-ELLA esophageal biodegradable stent (ELLA-CS, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic) was placed across the narrowed segment of the esophagus. Endoscopy revealed complete degradation at 12 weeks, and after 4 months the patient had symptomatic recurrence requiring dilation ([Fig. 2]). After 6 months of the placement of the biodegradable stent he underwent transhiatal esophagectomy with colonic transposition. The patient remained asymptomatic at follow-up after 6 months.
P05.08 * INTRACRANIAL IMMATURE TERATOMA WITH ANAPLASTIC CHANGE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: K. Yachi, J. Kurihara, A. Yoshino, Y. Katayama, H. Nishimoto, H. Kishimoto
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Intracranial immature teratomas are rare tumor that categorized in the intermediate prognosis group. However, little is known about between their pathological feature and prognosis. In this case report, we describe a surgical case of immature teratoma located in the forth ventricle. CASE REPORT: A four months old girl presented with vomiting and poor suckling. Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI ) revealed a tumor, which located in forth ventricle to cerebellopontine angle, with obstructive hydrocephalus. In blood analysis, there were slightly elevated α-fetoprotein and neuron-specific enolase. She undergone a surgical resection and the ventricle drainage. We confirmed postoperative MRI scan that suggested gross total removal and no evidence of metastatic lesion in the central nerve system. The pathological findings suggested immature teratoma including anaplastic neuroectodermal component and vacuolar cells around nuclear that resembles atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) morphologically, but the immunohistochemical staining of INI-1 was positive. There were no findings of other germ cell tumors. One month after the operation, she had dissemination at brain stem and spinal cord. She died of tumor progression two months after the surgery. In pathological autopsy, it was revealed that this tumor was primary intracranial immature teratoma. We report an aggressive immature teratoma with anaplastic component and include segment like AT/RT.
Associations of Mortality with Long-Term Exposures to Fine and Ultrafine Particles, Species and Sources: Results from the California Teachers Study Cohort
Authors: Bart Ostro, Jianlin Hu, Debbie Goldberg, Peggy Reynolds, Andrew Hertz, Leslie Bernstein, Michael J. Kleeman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

BackgroundAlthough several cohort studies report associations between chronic exposure to fine particles (PM2.5) and mortality, few have studied the effects of chronic exposure to ultrafine (UF) particles. In addition, few studies have estimated the effects of the constituents of either PM2.5 or UF particles.MethodsWe used a statewide cohort of > 100,000 women from the California Teachers Study who were followed from 2001 through 2007. Exposure data at the residential level were provided by a chemical transport model that computed pollutant concentrations from > 900 sources in California. Besides particle mass, monthly concentrations of 11 species and 8 sources or primary particles were generated at 4-km grids. We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate the association between the pollutants and all-cause, cardiovascular, ischemic heart disease (IHD), and respiratory mortality.ResultsWe observed statistically significant (p < 0.05) associations of IHD with PM2.5 mass, nitrate, elemental carbon (EC), copper (Cu), and secondary organics and the sources gas- and diesel-fueled vehicles, meat cooking, and high-sulfur fuel combustion. The hazard ratio estimate of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.08, 1.31) for IHD in association with a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 is consistent with findings from the American Cancer Society cohort. We also observed significant positive associations between IHD and several UF components including EC, Cu, metals, and mobile sources.ConclusionsUsing an emissions-based model with a 4-km spatial scale, we observed significant positive associations between IHD mortality and both fine and ultrafine particle species and sources. Our results suggest that the exposure model effectively measured local exposures and facilitated the examination of the relative toxicity of particle species.CitationOstro B, Hu J, Goldberg D, Reynolds P, Hertz A, Bernstein L, Kleeman MJ. 2015. Associations of mortality with long-term exposures to fine and ultrafine particles, species and sources: results from the California Teachers Study cohort. Environ Health Perspect 123:549–556; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408565
Discontinuation of Secondary Prophylaxis against<i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>Pneumonia in Patients with HIV Infection Who Have a Response to Antiretroviral Therapy
Authors: B Ledergerber, A Mocroft, P Reiss, H Furrer, O Kirk, M Bickel, C Uberti-Foppa, C Pradier, A D'Arminio Monforte, M M Schneider, J D Lundgren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — Discontinuation of Secondary Prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii Pneumonia in Patients with HIV Infection Who Have a Response to Antiretroviral Therapy
TCT-678 Tryton-Xience for the Treatment of Complex Coronary Bifurcation Lesions: A Single Center Consecutive Series
Authors: Daniela Trabattoni, piero montorsi, Franco Fabbiocchi, Giuseppe Calligaris, Alessandro Lualdi, Luca Grancini, Stefano Galli, Paolo Ravagnani, Giovanni Teruzzi, Antonio Bartorelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A Public-Health Heart Program — First Report
Authors: Egon E. Kattwinkel, Vlado A. Getting, Ernest M. Morris, Herbert M. Lombard, Lewis C. Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

IN MAY, 1948, the Massachusetts Medical Society endorsed in principle a pilot study of the public-health aspects of heart disease.1 The study was to be conducted in Newton under the joint sponsorship of the Newton Health Department, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the United States Public Health Service.2 Its objectives were to determine methods of helping to reduce cardiovascular disease and conserve cardiac function.A period of a year does not allow sufficient time to draw definite conclusions or submit findings for qualitative or quantitative analysis. However, it does seem fitting to report to the Massachusetts Medical Society . . .
Scientists and Journals, Errors and Fraud: Who's Responsible?
Authors: C. K. Wittenberg, C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Scientists and Journals, Errors and Fraud: Who's Responsible? Get access Clarissa K. Wittenberg, Clarissa K. Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 11, 3 August 1988, Pages 793–794, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.11.793 Published: 03 August 1988
Successful Treatment of Metastasized Pancreatic Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide–Secreting Tumor Unresponsive to High-Dose Octreotide by Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy Using 90Y DOTATATE
Authors: Aurora Sainz-Esteban, Richard P Baum
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a successful treatment of a patient with heavily metastasized pancreatic vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-secreting tumor, which was unresponsive to high doses of octreotide analog using peptide receptor radionuclide therapy applying a radiolabeled somatostatin analog. After the peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, there was a decrease in vasoactive intestinal polypeptide levels, a significant reduction in somatostatin receptor expression and in molecular tumor volume on 68Ga DOTANOC PET/CT scan, and a complete long-term resolution of symptoms of the patient.
Abstract 1487: Tumor-derived microvesicles induce proangiogenic phenotype in endothelial cells via endocytosis
Authors: Taisuke Kawamoto, Noritaka Ohga, Kosuke Akiyama, Naoya Hirata, Nako Maishi, Takahiro Osawa, Kazuyuki Yamamoto, Miyako Kondoh, Masanobu Shindoh, Yasuhiro Hida, Kyoko Hida
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Increasing evidence indicates that tumor endothelial cells (TEC) differ from normal endothelial cells (NEC). Our previous reports also showed that TEC were different from NEC. For example, TEC have chromosomal abnormality and proangiogenic properties such as high motility and proliferative activity. However, the mechanism by which TEC acquire a specific character remains unclear. To investigate this mechanism, we focused on tumor-derived microvesicles (TMV). Recent studies have shown that TMV contain numerous types of bioactive molecules and affect normal stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, most of the functional mechanisms of TMV remain unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we showed that TMV isolated from tumor cells were taken up by NEC through endocytosis. In addition, we found that TMV promoted random motility and tube formation through the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in NEC. Moreover, the effects induced by TMV were inhibited by the endocytosis inhibitor dynasore. Our results indicate that TMV could confer proangiogenic properties to NEC partly via endocytosis. Conclusion: We for the first time showed that endocytosis of TMV contributes to tumor angiogenesis. These findings offer new insights into cancer therapies and the crosstalk between tumor and endothelial cells mediated by TMV in the tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1487. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1487
Abstract 5625: Targeting different LRP receptors and sulfated proteoglycan by branched neurotensin provide high cancer selectivity.
Authors: Luisa Bracci, Chiara Falciani, Jlenia Brunetti, Barbara Lelli, Niccolò Ravenni, Luisa Lozzi, Lorenzo Depau, Alessandro Pini
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract In previous paper we reported on the much higher selectivity toward cancer cells and tissues of tetra-branched neurotensin peptides (NT4) compared to monomeric NT peptide. We also demonstrated that NT4 can be coupled to many different functional units for cancer cell tracing and drug delivery and can induce tumor growth reduction in animal studies. We then proposed NT4 as promising cancer selective theranostics for different human cancers, including CRC, pancreas adenocarcinoma and urinary bladder cancer. Nonetheless, multimeric binding of tetrabranched peptides, together with the chemical modification produced by coupling to the branched core, might have modified receptor selectivity of NT4 with respect to native monomeric NT and actually we had no conclusive indication on which receptor our branched NT4 peptides were binding to. Data reported in the present paper demonstrate that synthesis of neurotensin sequence in a tetra-branched form induce a switching of receptor selectivity, by decreasing affinity to the NT high affinity receptor NTR1 and contemporarily acquiring binding to additional receptors, which produces a much higher cancer cell selectivity of NT4 with respect to monomeric NT peptides. We demonstrate here that NT4 binds sortilin and SorLa and also acquire the ability to bind different receptors belonging to the Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Related Protein (LRP) family as well as heparin and other Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (HSPG). The much higher binding of NT4 in respect to native NT to either cancel cell lines or human cancer surgical samples, as well as the higher selectivity toward human cancer tissues of NT4 is due to binding to different membrane receptors, which are very selectively expressed by many different human cancers. Moreover, our results confirm that sulfated proteoglycan can mimic the ligand binding site of different LRP receptors and indicate that targeting of multiple LRP receptors together with sulfated proteoglycans produce an extremely high selectivity towards many different human cancers. Citation Format: Luisa Bracci, Chiara Falciani, Jlenia Brunetti, Barbara Lelli, Niccolò Ravenni, Luisa Lozzi, Lorenzo Depau, Alessandro Pini. Targeting different LRP receptors and sulfated proteoglycan by branched neurotensin provide high cancer selectivity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5625. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5625
Aspirin Use for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Colorectal Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Description: Update of the 2009 USPSTF recommendation on aspirin use to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and the 2007 recommendation on aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: The USPSTF reviewed 5 additional studies of aspirin for the primary prevention of CVD and several additional analyses of CRC follow-up data. The USPSTF also relied on commissioned systematic reviews of all-cause mortality and total cancer incidence and mortality and a comprehensive review of harms. The USPSTF then used a microsimulation model to systematically estimate the balance of benefits and harms. Population: This recommendation applies to adults aged 40 years or older without known CVD and without increased bleeding risk. Recommendations: The USPSTF recommends initiating low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC in adults aged 50 to 59 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk, are not at increased risk for bleeding, have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years. (B recommendation) The decision to initiate low-dose aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC in adults aged 60 to 69 years who have a 10% or greater 10-year CVD risk should be an individual one. Persons who are not at increased risk for bleeding, have a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years are more likely to benefit. Persons who place a higher value on the potential benefits than the potential harms may choose to initiate low-dose aspirin. (C recommendation) The current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of initiating aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC in adults younger than 50 years. (I statement) The current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of initiating aspirin use for the primary prevention of CVD and CRC in adults aged 70 years or older. (I statement)
Abstract LB-130: The metabolic function of RB tumor suppressor gene.
Authors: Susumu Kohno, Shunsuke Kitajima, Nobunari Sasaki, Hayato Muranaka, Chiaki Takahashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The RB tumor suppressor gene has been implicated primarily in the control of cell cycle and terminal differentiation. However recent findings indicate that pRB may possess much more roles than previously thought (Viatour &amp; Sage, Dis. Model Mech., 4: 581, 2011; Takahashi et al., Cancer Sci., 103: 1182, 2012). We have been exploring unique roles of pRB using mice with various genetic backgrounds (Takahashi et al., Nat. Genet., 38: 118, 2006). A seminal observation in nematode prompted us to address how pRB controls Ras activation status. We previously reported that pRB regulates mevalonate (MVA) pathway through SREBPs thus affects isoprenylation of Ras proteins (Shamma et al., Cancer Cell 15:255, 2009). We are currently extending this observation to the investigation of pRB roles in controlling cellular metabolism. We identified a number of metabolic pathways that are affected by the status of RB in various cellular contexts and genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, a recent report from another group pointed out that the product of mutated p53 tumor suppressor gene also targets SREBP although in a different fashion (Freed-Pastor et al., Cell 148: 244, 2012). We therefore hypothesized that these two tumor suppressors are redundant in the control of lipid synthesis. As expected, depending on the context, mouse cells deficient of both Rb and p53 genes showed evidence of metabolic reprogramming and moreover features of cancer stem cells. In addition, mice deficient of both genes generated tumors with unique undifferentiated phenotypes associated with many kinds of cancer stem cell-like activities. We further analyzed such cells or tumor cells by transcriptomics, metabolomics, flux analyzer and high-throughput drug screening methods: these unveiled previously unexpected functions of pRB in controlling cell metabolism and stemness (Kohno et al., in preparation for submission). Citation Format: Susumu Kohno, Shunsuke Kitajima, Nobunari Sasaki, Hayato Muranaka, Chiaki Takahashi. The metabolic function of RB tumor suppressor gene. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-130. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-130
Abstract 909: Activation of NF-κB and its downstream targets play a key role in the dramatic induction of hepatocarcinogenesis in metallothionein <i>null</i> mice
Authors: Thomas Kaffenberger, Satavisha Roy, Bo Wang, Stefan Costinean, Wendy Frankel, Anna Bratasz, Periannan Kuppusamy, Tsonwin Hai, Kalpana Ghoshal, Samson Jacob, Sarmila Majumder
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. Although hepatitis C and fatty liver disease appear to be the main risk factors in most western countries other factors including alcohol, tobacco, diabetes, and other metabolic disorders can also increase the likelihood of HCC development. HCC is believed to develop through a tumor promoting mechanism involving inflammation and oxidative stress. We have previously shown that metallothionein (MT), a ubiquitously expressed free radical scavenger, is dramatically downregulated in human and rodent HCCs. To test the hypothesis that MT protects the liver from carcinogenesis by relieving oxidative stress, MT knockout (MTKO) mice were injected with Diethylnitrosamine (DEN), a potent liver carcinogen. When compared to wild-type DEN treated mice, the MTKO groups exhibited significantly higher (5-fold) incidence and an accelerated rate of hepatocarcinogenesis. Gene expression analysis at the preneoplastic stage revealed a dramatic increase in the levels of Serpine-1 in the MTKO mice, which was validated by real-time PCR. Serpine-1, a tissue glycoprotein and an active suppressor of fibrinolysis through the inhibition of tissue plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator, is also believed to increase cell migration and angiogenesis. Real-time PCR analysis of the pro-inflammatory cytokines known to induce Serpine-1 revealed substantial upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in the MTKO/DEN mice compared to the WT/DEN and untreated controls. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed differential activation of NF-κB, a downstream effector of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducer of Serpine-1 expression, in the MTKO/DEN mice at the preneoplastic stage. These data demonstrate that Serpine-1 and NF- κB act in concert at the early stages of hepatocarcinogenesis when free radical scavenging is compromised. These data show the protective role of MT against HCC induction in a mouse model and provide the rationale for an alternate therapeutic strategy in HCC therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 909. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-909