tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New York City Council raises age for tobacco purchases to 21
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The New York City Council voted on 30 October to raise the minimum age for purchasing cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, and e-cigarettes from 18 to 21 years.

The city’s mayor, Michael Bloomberg—a strong advocate for anti-smoking initiatives—is expected to sign the legislation, making New York the first US city to raise …
AB0342 Prevention of venous thromboembolic complications in total hip and total knee arthroplasty for patients with rheumatic diseases
Authors: A. Rybnikov, E. Byalik, S. Makarov, V. Pavlov, T. Reshetnyak, M. Semenova, D. Ivanov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs occur in 42-65% of the total knee and total hip arthroplasty. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the efficiency of oral anticoagulants in the post operational period for patients with rheumatic diseases. <h3>Methods</h3> We have analyzed 146 patients with rheumatic diseases affections of the knees and hips who were operated in the Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics of the State Institute Of Rheumatology Of Russian Academy Of Medical Sciences in 2012. We have performed thromboembolic compications of 48 patients with oral anticoagulants – a direct thrombin inhibitor - Dabigatran etexilate. We have used a Xa inhibitor factor on 98 patients – a rivaroxaban. The first intake of dabigatran etexilate (110mg) or rivaroxaban (10mg) was performed on the first day after the surgery. Later the patients were taking 220 mg (2 capsules) of dabigatran etexilate once per day or 10 mg of rivaroxaban once per day for 28-35 days. We were taking the control on the efficiency of thromboembolic complications with the help of ultrasound triplex angioscanning. The first ultrasound scanning was taken on the 3 day after the surgery and then on a weekly basis. <h3>Results</h3> Venous thromboses of the lower limbs were not found in 45 cases (93.8% of the patients) who were taking dabigatran etexilate during weekly ultrasound scanning. Early unjustified cancellation of dabigatran etexilate after 15 days after the total hip replacement (outpatient) in case of three patients (6.2%) led to the floating ileofemoral thrombosis. One patient (1.02%) who was taking rivaroxaban had occlusive thrombosis of the femoral vein on the contralateral side. Reason: late intake (start after 3 days) of the prescribed medicine. Bleedings were not noted in postoperative period. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban were effective and convenient medicines for the thromboembolic complications prevention for patients in rheumatic diseases in the postoperative period. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Mechanisms in the Return of Vascular Tone Following Sympathectomy in Man
Authors: Veronica J. Parks, Sandford L. Skinner, Robert F. Whelan
Journal: Circulation Research (1961)

The response of the hand blood vessels has been determined to the intra-arterial administration of ephedrine and reserpine and to the intravenous administration of norepinephrine before and at intervals after sympatheetomy. The constrictor response to ephedrine slowly disappeared over a period of six weeks, during which time the vessels became increasingly sensitive to norepinephrine. The dilator effect of reserpine was abolished early after sympatheetomy but became slowly re-established over the subsequent three months. The findings suggest that residual vasoconstrictor fibers cannot account for the return of tone following sympatheetomy but that changes in the catecholamine content of the tissue and increasing sensitivity to both these and circulating amines may be closely related to this phenomenon.
A case of multiple carcinoid tumors of the small intestine
Authors: R. Yanaru-Fujisawa, T. Matsumoto, M. Esaki, Y. Ohji, M. Gushima, M. Hirahashi, R. Mibu, T. Yao, M. Iida
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

A 56-year-old man was referred to our institution with hematochezia and general fatigue. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, total colonoscopy, and angiography failed to identify the source of bleeding. We then examined the patient with capsule endoscopy, which revealed multiple elevated lesions in the middle of the small intestine ([Fig. 1]). The tumors were yellowish in color and were covered with mucosa of normal appearance.
P180 Nocturnal Oximetry in Cystic Fibrosis (CF): Abstract P180 Table 1.
Authors: E Stockley, N Patel, M Rosenthal, Hl Tan
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> It is common for CF children in the UK to receive sleep-disrupting 4 hourly observations day and night throughout their hospital stays for intravenous antibiotics or exacerbations judging from parental and patient feedback. As oxygen desaturations occur mainly during REM sleep rather than NREM sleep, these desaturations could be missed by the intermittently performed “routine observations”. Our unit performs nocturnal oximetry studies on night 1 of admission for all CF patients admitted for intravenous antibiotics and discontinues them if oxygenation is normal and the patient improving. <h3>Aims</h3> To determine whether day time physiology or lab work is predictive of nocturnal hypoxaemia. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective comparison of nocturnal oximetry studies and daytime physiology plus HbA1c of all CF patients admitted for intravenous antibiotics between January and June 2013. <h3>Results</h3> 54 CF patients were admitted, with 19/54 elective and 35/54 acutely. Table 1 summarises the clinical characteristics and nocturnal oximetry results of the patients. There was a weak positive correlation between Mean SpO2 and admission FEV1 (p = 0.0012, r<sup>2</sup> = 0.21) and admission FVC (p = 0.0024, r<sup>2</sup> = 0.18). Nocturnal oxygen was commenced in 4/54 children (7.4%) as their mean SpO2 was &lt; 93%. All of them had an FVC &lt; 60%, the only ones in the cohort. 3 of the children improved (FVC improved to 71%, 75% and 87% from 44%, 54% and 58% respectively), they were weaned off oxygen before discharge, with normal gas exchange on repeat nocturnal oximetry) and 1 died. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with an admission FVC of &lt;60% warrant close monitoring for nocturnal hypoxaemia. In CF patients who are cardiovascularly stable, performing an oximetry study on first night of admission may be a less disruptive alternative to routine intermittent observations nightly for the whole duration of the admission.
Docetaxel compared with vinorelbine in elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A randomized phase II Hellenic Oncology Research Group trial
Authors: A. Karampeazis, L. Vamvakas, A. Agelidou, V. Chandrinos, X. Tsiafaki, C. Christophylakis, K. Chainis, S. Kakolyris, A. Kalykaki, D. Mavroudis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7615 Background: To compare docetaxel versus vinorelbine as front-line treatment of elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Chemotherapy-naive patients &gt;65 years, with stage histologically or cytologically documented IIIB/IV NSCLC and performance status (PS) 0–3 were randomly assigned to receive docetaxel 38 mg/m 2 (days 1 and 8) or vinorelbine 25 mg/m 2 (days 1 and 8) every 21 days. Treatment was continued for a maximum of six cycles and was interrupted in case of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Results: A total of 112 patients with median age of 76 years (range, 66–87) were enrolled onto the study. PS 2–3 had 39 (35%) patients. The two treatment groups were well balanced. There was no statistical difference between the 2 arms in median overall survival (6.27 months vs 3.97 months; p=0.129), in median time to progression (2.2 months vs 2 months; p=0.863.) and in overall response rate (5.3% vs 11.3%; p=0.247). Docetaxel conferred a statistically significant survival benefit compared to vinorelbine only in patients with PS 0–1 (11.4 months vs 4.3 months; p=0.009). Among patients treated with docetaxel there was a significant difference in median overall survival for patients with PS 0–1 compared with patients with PS 2–3 (11.4 months vs 2.5 months; p=0.004) while there was no statistical difference in the vinorelbine arm (4.3 months vs 2.8 months; p=0.970).The most common grade 3 and 4 toxicity was neutropenia (3.4% for docetaxel; 27.8% for vinorelbine; p=0.0001). Other toxicities were mild, well tolerated and similar for both groups with the exception of asthenia grade 2 (8.6% for docetaxel; 24.1% for vinorelbine; p=0.026). Conclusions: Docetaxel improves survival compared with vinorelbine in elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and good performance status without increasing toxicity. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
AB0311 Postoperative complications in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving rituximab and conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (dmards)
Authors: E. Pogozheva, V. Amirdzhanova, S. Makarov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Biologic DMARDs represent a new challenge in the perioperative management of patients who require surgery. Very little is known about the possible effects of biologics on the risk of postoperative complications. At present, no studies have evaluated the perioperative use of rituximab (RTX). <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify complications after total joint arthroplasty in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated with RTX and conventional DMARDs. <h3>Methods</h3> In a retrospective 1:1 pair-matched case–control study 40 patients with RA after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), matched in type of surgery and gender, were evaluated for surgical site infection (SSI) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in the postoperative period. Patients with RA were split into a RTX group (n = 20) and a DMARDs group (n = 20) treated only with conventional DMARDs (14 pts – methotrexate and 6 - leflunomide). Conventional DMARDs were continued perioperatively. In RTX group 8 pts discontinued treatment &lt; 6 months before surgery, 12 pts was stopped and restarted RTX in accordance with Russian guidelines. Baseline characteristics were compared using the Mann-Whitney U-test or Fisher's exact test. <h3>Results</h3> Table 1 shows the baseline characteristics of the pts. For the period from 2 till 24 months after surgery 2 pts had DVT, one pt in RTX group and one in DMARDs group. We identified 2 cases with postoperative complications of superficial infections requiring the use of antibiotics, all in DMARDs group. Deep infection was not found. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In patients with RA, RTX therapy in perioperative period does not lead to an increase in complications after joint surgery. Prospective studies are thus needed to determine the safety of RTX treatment in the perioperative period <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
1093 LIVER CANCER PROGRESSION FROM DYSPLASIA TO NEOPLASIA REVEALED BY TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS: REARRANGEMENT OF ACTIN CYTOSKELETON AS AN EARLY EVENT
Authors: J.E. Torres-Mena, R. Sánchez-Rodríguez, L. del Pozo-Yauner, S. Villa-Treviño, J.I. Pérez-Carreón
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Successful Implantation of Heterologous Parathyroid Tissue in Man
Authors: J. Englebert Dunphy, Stanley W. Jacob
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

CURRENT enthusiasm for transplantation of the parathyroid gland brings to mind Homans's1 statement that "in surgery as in every other art, fundamental matters are perennially being discovered, discredited, forgotten, rediscovered and reaffirmed." In the last quarter century more than 25 "successful" parathyroid homotransplants in man have been reported. The technics have included simple implantation of slices of the gland, implantation after preparation of the tissue by growth in special culture mediums and, recently, direct vascular anastomosis of fetal parathyroid glands. The subject has been well reviewed by Conway, Nickel and Smith.2 Critical appraisal of the reported successes indicates unquestionable . . .
Congressional Action on the FY 1990 Budget
Authors: E. Searle
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Congressional Action on the FY 1990 Budget Edward Searle Edward Searle Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 17, 6 September 1989, Page 1279, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.17.1279 Published: 06 September 1989
S93 Laryngeal obstruction during exercise is prevalent in severe asthma: Abstract S93 Table 1.
Authors: JH Hull, V Backer, S Ward, O Usmani, A Menzies-Gow
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Reduced exercise capacity is a common problem for patients with severe asthma, yet the reason for this remains unclear. Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) is now recognised to cause dyspnoea on exertion but has never been studied in patients with severe asthma. We therefore undertook this study, utilising a gold standard endoscopic visualisation technique, to evaluate laryngeal function during exercise, in a well-characterised cohort of patients with severe asthma. <h3>Methods</h3> Adult patients with severe asthma were recruited following a systematic assessment of their disease. All subjects reported impairment of activities of daily living despite treatment. Subjects underwent a symptom-limited continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE) test. Laryngeal function / EILO was graded against a validated score. Measures of asthma control, perceived dyspnoea, lung function and procedure tolerability were recorded. <h3>Results</h3> 32 patients (n = 25; female) completed CLE evaluation (Table 1). All patients were prescribed step 4/5 BTS treatment; 75% were prescribed maintenance oral corticosteroid. Despite this, patients reported poor disease control and high perceived dyspnoea (Table 1). EILO of at least moderate severity (graded ≥2 from max 3) was evident in 14 (44%) patients. The pattern and respiratory phase of EILO varied; inspiratory phase predominant (n = 7; 22%), expiratory phase predominant (n = 5, 16%), present in both phases (n = 2). Subjects with expiratory predominant EILO were more likely to have obstruction at the glottic level (i.e. vocal cord abduction) and poorer lung function. The CLE test was well tolerated; majority of subjects reported no/minimal procedural discomfort. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction is highly prevalent in patients with severe asthma and is associated with dyspnoea. This abnormal laryngeal function was not evident at rest and may impair physical exercise capacity. Further work is required to explore underlying mechanisms and relationships with dyspnoea during activities of daily living.
AB1411 Anatomical basis of rheumatologic examination: Upper extremity and cervical region
Authors: P. Villaseñor-Ovies, M.A. Saavedra, J. Biundo, R.A. Kalish, J.J. Canoso, F.J. de Toro-Santos, S. Carette, C. Hernández-Díaz, D. McGonagle, J.E. Navarro-Zarza
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The rheumatologic examination, which is based on a sound internal medicine examination, focuses predominantly on the musculoskeletal system. However, seasoned rheumatologists recognize the importance of the neurologic and vascular examination as well. <h3>Objectives</h3> The current survey is a group effort at listing musculoskeletal, neural and vascular structures that may be most relevant to a successful training in, and practice of, rheumatology. <h3>Methods</h3> The Mexican Task Force on Clinical Anatomy (GMAC) is an officially recognized group of the Mexican College of Rheumatology that is comprised of 6 rheumatologists (one off site, RAK) who have had extensive training in clinical anatomy, combined training sessions with the Mexican School of Ultrasonography and anatomists of the National University of Mexico (UNAM), as well as intragroup certification in clinical anatomy. Members of this group individually listed anatomical items felt to be relevant to the practice of rheumatology. A final items list was circulated to the GMAC members and 4 internationally recognized rheumatologists for a Delphi exercise. Items were rated as unimportant, fairly important, moderately important, important and very important. Consensus was reached when an item was rated important or very important by 8 or more of the 10 participants. The original list went through 2 Delphi rounds and consensus items were subsequently analyzed according to the structure involved, anatomical region and possibility of identification on physical examination. <h3>Results</h3> The initial list had 549 items including 381 (69.3%) musculoskeletal (bone, joint, ligament, tendon, enthesis, fascia, bursa), 75 (13.6%) neural, 14 (2.5%) vascular and 75 (13.6%) classified as other. At the 1st Delphi round consensus was reached in 129 items and at the 2nd round 92 consensus items were added reaching a total of 221 (40.2%) items. Of these 125 (56.5%) were musculoskeletal, predominantly muscles (47), joints (27), bones (23) and tendons (17). Of the items that reached consensus, 62 (28%) pertained to the hand, 53 (23.9%) to the shoulder, 45 (20.3%) to the cervical spine and 43 (19.4%) to the elbow. Finally, 103 (46.6%) items were considered identifiable on physical examination. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Given our interest in clinical anatomy our initial listing was, if anything, over-inclusive. However, most of the participants in this exercise are practicing rheumatologists and it was our hope that our collective experience would be reflected in the findings. While musculoskeletal items understandably prevailed a surprisingly high number of neural items were considered important. This should not be unexpected given the intricate anatomical and clinical relations between both systems. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
I-123 MIBG Scintigraphy and 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT Negative But F-18 DOPA PET/CT Positive Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Ilaria Grassi, Cristina Nanni, Valentina Vicennati, Paolo Castellucci, Vincenzo Allegri, Gian Carlo Montini, Uberto Pagotto, Guido di Dalmazi, Renato Pasquali, Stefano Fanti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

We observed a 34-year-old man who was incidentally found to have an adrenal mass during surgical follow-up for perforated ulcer. The patient was subjected to I-123 MIBG scintigraphy, 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT, and F-18 DOPA PET/CT. Only F-18 DOPA PET/CT showed evidence of an avid adrenal mass. A CT-guided biopsy was performed and it was suggestive for pheochromocytoma. He underwent surgery and a pheochromocytoma, about 40 mm in diameter, was detected. Traditionally, I-123 MIBG scintigraphy has been used in detecting chromaffin cell tumors, but more recently it had been demonstrated that a certain part of pheochromocytoma could be false-negative on scintigraphy.
P08.23 * MULTIPLE CALCIFIED BRAIN METASTASES IN A MALE PATIENT WITH INVASIVE DUCTAL BREAST CANCER
Authors: N. Ressl, M. Haindl, T. Schenk, K. Ungersboeck, R. Sedivy, S. Oberndorfer
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Breast cancer in men is a rare disease and accounts for 1.6% of all malignancies of the breast. We report a case of a 51-year-old man with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with multiple calcified brain metastases. After modified radical mastectomy he received adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin, hormonal therapy and trastuzumab. About one year after initial diagnosis he developed a generalized epileptic seizure. Neuroradiological imaging (MRI) revealed multiple calcified intracerebral lesions. Cerebral toxoplasmosis was suggested. Histopathological examination verified metastases from breast cancer and subsequently palliative whole brain irradiation (30 Gy) were performed. A follow-up CT scan of the lung and abdomen showed a progression of extracerebral metastases. Calcification of brain metastases in patients with breast cancer is very rare. Due to their non-characteristical radiological appearance, such as multiple lesions and lack of contrast enhancement, diagnosis of metastases can be difficult. Infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, toxoplasmosis and cysticercosis should be considered within the diagnostic workup. It remains unclear to what extant calcification of brain metastases reflects certain tumor biology, or may be related to a treatment effect.
P87 Is fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in asymptomatic older teenagers related to preschool wheeze and chronic cough?
Authors: LR Marshall, C Beardsmore, W Monteiro, A Pescatore, C Kuehni, E Gaillard
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Many children with preschool wheeze and chronic cough become asymptomatic in later childhood, only for asthma to be diagnosed in adulthood (1). A previous study found in individuals with apparently outgrown childhood asthma, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was significantly increased (2). Whether teenagers with a history of preschool wheezing or chronic cough have elevated FeNO, and whether this differs between preschool wheeze phenotypes is unknown. <h3>Aims</h3> We compared FeNO and induced sputum inflammatory cell counts in asymptomatic teenagers from the Leicestershire Respiratory Cohort, who had persistent ‘multiple trigger’ wheeze (PW), transient viral wheeze (TW), persistent cough (PC), or no respiratory symptoms (controls) during the preschool years. <h3>Methods</h3> Thirty-six subjects (mean age: 16 years) participated: 7 with PW; 12 with TW; 7 with PC; and 10 controls. FeNO was measured using a portable electrochemical analyser (NIOX MINO<sup>®</sup> Asthma Inflammation Monitor, Aerocrine AB, Sweden). Sputum was induced with nebulised hypertonic saline and processed according to previously published protocol (3) with an adaptation for smaller samples. <h3>Results</h3> There was no statistically significant difference in mean logFeNO between groups (<i>p = </i>0.563) (Figure 1). Median% sputum eosinophils for PW and TW groups were significantly higher than in controls. Sputum total cell counts were significantly greater in PW and PC groups than in controls. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We did not find evidence that FeNO in asymptomatic adolescents is related to history of preschool wheeze and chronic cough. However, we found evidence that eosinophilic airway inflammation is increased in asymptomatic adolescents with preschool PW and TW. The relationship between FeNO and evidence of elevated inflammatory cell counts in sputum remains enigmatic. These findings have implications for the understanding of the natural history of preschool wheeze and chronic cough. <h3>References</h3> Roorda RJ. Prognostic factors for the outcome of childhood asthma in adolescence. <i>Thorax</i> 1996;51(S1):S7-S12. van Den Toorn LM, <i>et al</i>. Adolescents in clinical remission of atopic asthma have elevated exhaled nitric oxide levels and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. <i>Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i> 2000 Sep;162(3 Pt 1):953–957. Pin I, <i>et al</i>. Use of induced sputum cell counts to investigate airway inflammation in asthma. <i>Thorax</i> 1992;47:25–9.