tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTH-097 Defining Patient-Centred Professionalism in Gastroenterology
Authors: S Wright, J G Williams, H A Hutchings, F Rapport
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The UK IBD audit 3<sup>rd</sup> round (RCP,2011)shows that there has been sustained improvement in patient-centred care in terms of clinician commitment to improved quality of care and the provision of specialist IBD nursing and patient education for patients with IBD. This study explores the meaning of the concept ‘patient-centred professionalism’ in gastroenterology. The objectives of this study are: To clarify the meaning of patient-centred professionalism in terms of how it relates to professional practise and patient-professional interaction in gastroenterological outpatient clinic consultations To define the concept according to the views and experiences of healthcare professionals, stakeholders and IBD patients. To create materials which may support and enhance optimal professional practise in outpatient clinics for patients with IBD <h3>Methods</h3> A qualitative study using observation and semi-structured interviews. Ethnographic observation was conducted in 8 outpatient clinics from within one local health board (Abertawe Bro Morgannwg University Health Board). Clinics were led by consultant physician gastroenterologists; surgeons, specialist nurses and joint colorectal MDT clinics. A total of 31 consultations were observed with IBD patients aged between 18–70 years old. A total of 40 in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with IBD patients; healthcare professionals and eminent stakeholders in gastroenterology. Ethnographic fieldnotes from observation and transcripts from interviews were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. <h3>Results</h3> Key characteristics of patient-centred professionalism in gastroenterology have been elicited and categorised into thematic areas including shared decision making; transparency, openness and honesty; information and knowledge transfer and integrated approaches to care. Patients’ descriptions of experiences of consultations with healthcare professionals are vivid and reveal both best practise in gastroenterological practises in secondary care as well as unexpected views about encounters with the medical profession. An output from this study involves the creation of materials to support gastroenterological outpatient clinic consultations to enhance the optimal professional practise and patient-professional communication. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients’ understandings of patient-centred professionalism, coupled with healthcare professionals and stakeholder understandings of the concept, offer the opportunity to develop enhanced consultations in gastroenterological outpatient clinics. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>Reference</h3> The UK IBD Audit 3rd Round. The UK IBD Audit Steering Group, May 2011. RCP
Minute primary extramedullary plasmacytomas of the large intestine
Authors: Y. Nakagawa, T. Nagai, H. Okawara, H. Nakashima, A. Hisamatsu, M. Syutou, M. Yamauchi, S. Kai, T. Nakayama, S. Yokoyama, K. Murakami, T. Fujioka
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

An 84-year-old woman underwent a follow-up colonoscopy 4 years after undergoing endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for colonic adenoma. Two small polyps were found in the cecum and the rectum ([Fig. 1 a, b]) and EMR was performed.
PTH-166 Patient Preference for the Management of Chronic Gastrointestinal Disorders: Abstract PTH-166 Table 1
Authors: R E Donnelly, N Reynolds, J A Todd, E B Henry, C Mowat, M Groome
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Gastroenterology has a large and expanding outpatient workload, much of which deals with chronic relapsing disorders. In our Scottish Teaching Hospital it is the second busiest speciality by referral rate leading to intense pressure on resources such as clinic. Traditionally many patients with chronic disease had regular clinic regular follow-up which may not always be clinically required. The objective of this study was to establish whether there were alternative review methods to traditional clinic appointments that could be employed to reduce pressure on overstretched clinics. <h3>Methods</h3> A questionnaire was devised and given to patients in various gastroenterology outpatient clinics who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Clinics included the IBD, liver and general GI clinics. The questionnaire asked patients to rank their preferred method of follow-up. Options included: Pre-scheduled Doctors Appointment, Open Doctors Appointment, Teleconsultation, Email Consultation, Letter Consultation, Specialist Nurse Appointment, Self Management Plan and No follow Up. Data was analysed for preference trends among different epidemiological groups including age, sex, disease type and postcode deprivation. <h3>Results</h3> Questionnaires were completed by 106 patients (62 females: 43 males). The age of patients ranged between 18 and 86, with average age of 46.6 and median age of 50. Analysis was carried out looking for trends of preference among different groups (18–39, 40–64, 65–90). No deprivation bias was identified in this study. There were no significant patterns of preference observed between sexes or disease type. In all age groups the top three choices were a regular clinic appointment with a doctor, an open appointment or a teleconsultation. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Gastroenterology outpatient clinics are in grave need of a system to reduce workload. Chronic, relapsing conditions could be subject to other methods of follow-up given their nature. Whilst new follow-up methods could be the solution current patient preference is for traditional doctor led clinic appointments. Any change from this will require patient education and support. Surprisingly modern methods such as virtual clinics by email were not popular and had no significant preference with the younger age groups. From this data we plan to explore telephone consultations as a means to reduce pressure on out patient clinics. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
GW25-e0744 Suppression of PKCε-medicated mitochondrial connexin 43 phosphorylation at serine 368 is involved in mitochondrial dysfunction in a rat model of dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Shan Hu, Zhang Ming, Lin Lin, Yan Rui, Zhang Rong, Zhu Yanhe, Wei Jin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
AB0281 A new risk factor in turkish children with enthesis related arthritis
Authors: F. Kara Eroglu, K. Akkus, L. Ozcakar, R. Topaloglu, F. Ozaltin, S. Ozen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Enthesis related arthritis (ERA) is a subtype of juvenile idiopathic arthritis, strongly associated with HLA B27. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aimed to present the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of Turkish children with ERA. <h3>Methods</h3> This is a single center, prospective study evaluating the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of 53 children (49 boys, 4 girls) fullfilling the ILAR criteria. HLA B27 was studied in all patients. MEFV mutation was studied in those negative for HLA B27 and in those with clinical features of FMF. <h3>Results</h3> Male to female ratio was 12,2, mean age at diagnosis was 12,7±2,3 years. The most frequently affected joint was the knee (%56) and all patients had an oligoarticular type of onset. Clinical examination revealed enthesitis in %49 of patients and an additonal %12 was described by ultrasonography, although they had no obvious symptoms. HLA B27 was positive in %75 of the patients. MEFV mutation was positive in %75 of the patients who were negative for HLA B27. With NSAIDs and sulphasalazine %73 of the patients achieved remission, antiTNF treatment was given for those who were non-responsive. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Certain clinical features differ in Turkish ERA patients. In populations with high carrier rates for MEFV mutations, mutations in the pyrin protein is one of genetic risk factors for ERA, especially in those who lack the HLA B27 association. <h3>References</h3> Jousse-Joulin S, Breton S, Cangemi C, Fenoll B, Bressolette L, de Parscau L, Saraux A, Devauchelle-Pensec V. Ultrasonography for detecting enthesitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Jun;63(6):849-55. doi: 10.1002/acr.20444. Demirkaya E, Ozen S, Bilginer Y, Ayaz NA, Makay BB, Unsal E, Erguven M, Poyrazoglu H, Kasapcopur O, Gok F, Akman S, Balat A, Cavkaytar O, Kaya B, Duzova A, Ozaltin F, Topaloglu R, Besbas N, Bakkaloglu A, Arisoy N, Ozdogan H, Bakkaloglu S, Turker T. The distribution of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in the eastern Mediterranean: results from the registry of the Turkish Paediatric Rheumatology Association. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2011 Jan-Feb;29(1):111-6. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract LB-183: Identification of anti-cancer activity in structural components of ancestral wheat
Authors: Shawna B. Matthews, Meenakshi Santra, Weiqin Jiang, Zongjian Zhu, Henry J. Thompson
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract In 2009 the average American consumed 134.9 lbs of wheat, making this staple crop a primary source of calories, fiber, and nutrients in the human diet; however little is known about the anti-cancer activity of small molecules present in wheat. In this study, more than 75 wild and less domesticated wheat varieties were extracted using a modified Bligh Dyer technique for in vitro screening. Dried extracts were dissolved in DMSO, diluted with cell culture medium, and evaluated for anticancer activity against MDA-MB-468 (ER- &amp; PR-) and T47D (ER+ &amp; PR+) human breast cancer cell lines in 96-well plate format as assessed by crystal violet staining. The results showed that diploid species of Middle Eastern origin, where human cultivation of wheat began 9000 years ago, have a remarkable ability to inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells compared to the domesticated species of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, which have little or no effect. Furthermore, this anti-cancer activity resides exclusively in the straw-like fibrous hull surrounding the wheat seed, which is not consumed by humans. Principal components analysis of wheat metabolites, analyzed via UPLC-TOF-MS, demonstrated that wheat varieties capable of inhibiting the growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro are chemically distinct from the varieties that do not have inhibitory capability, suggesting that small molecules may be associated with the inhibitory effect. Taken together, these data suggest that ancestral diploid wheat, which is now rarely grown and even more rarely consumed, may possess significant anti-cancer potential in the hulls, and that this anti-cancer potential is an opportunity for advancement of breast cancer prevention through identification of bioactive components and wheat varieties. This work was supported by a grant from the Colorado Wheat Research Foundation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-183. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-183
Abstract 5414: Novel tissue-targeted adenoviral vector for squamous cell carcinoma therapy expressing cell cycle regulator cdk2ap1 and molecular imaging genes
Authors: Olga Zolochevska, Marxa L. Figueiredo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) affects about 30,000 Americans each year, and although the overall prognosis has improved in recent years for localized carcinomas, metastases can decrease survival rates by half. For tongue and palate lesions, surgery is usually the initial treatment, but metastases aggressively develop at sites where conventional therapies are ineffective. Therefore, our goal has been to develop more effective therapeutic modalities for the disease utilizing expression of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-modulating genes. Our efforts have focused on gaining understanding of the biology and therapeutic potential of p12cdk2ap1 (p12), an S-phase growth suppressor and proapoptotic gene commonly downregulated in OSCC. In vivo, we have showed that expressing p12 using a nonviral vector can result in effective reduction in tumor size and a dramatically altered tumor phenotype. Moreover, we have showed that p12 can have cell growth inhibitory effects in a cell-autonomous as well as non-cell autonomous manner, rendering expression of this cell cycle regulator a very promising new gene therapy strategy. Therefore, we hypothesized that this growth regulator molecule will comprise a highly efficient antiumor gene therapy for OSCC. We have developed a novel viral delivery vector system with high activity and high specificity expression in oral tumor cells. This Adenovirus (Ad) utilizes a two-step transcriptional amplification system driven by the SCCA2 promoter and a bidirectional target cassette containing the sequences for the p12 and ether firefly luciferase (Luc) or thymidine kinase (TK) imaging genes. We constructed and are characterizing novel configurations of these dE1dE3 Ad-SCCA2-p12/Luc or p12/TK bidirectional vectors for gene therapy and molecular imaging applications. We are currently testing the specificity of these vectors and their effectiveness in tumor growth inhibition at either floor of mouth, orthotopic, or distant sites following intratumoral or systemic administration. We propose this new vector design may hold promise not only as a novel SCC-specific gene therapy but perhaps as a molecular imaging detection agent for tumor cells that have metastasized to distant and thus difficult to treat sites. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5414. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5414
Psychoactive substance use among medical students
Authors: J F Maddux, S K Hoppe, R M Costello
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

A survey of 133 senior medical students revealed that noteworthy proportions had used the following psychoactive substances during their lifetime: cigarettes, 44%; alcohol, 96%; marijuana, 57%; amphetamines, 22%; cocaine, 20%; sedatives, 17%; benzodiazepines, 37%; hallucinogens, 15%; and opioids, 40%. Smaller percentages reported use of these substances during the last year and the last month. Lifetime use did not vary significantly by sex, ethnic status, or marital status. Twelve percent reported nearly daily use of one or more substances during the last month; a different but overlapping 11% reported substance abuse symptoms during the last year. Use of illicit substances and substance abuse symptoms were associated with depressed mood.
A new crop of concerns: Congress investigates pesticide safety.
Authors: D A Taylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

A March 2000 report by the General Accounting Office, Pesticides: Improvements Needed to Ensure the Safety of Farmworkers and Their Children, states that much remains unknown about the risks faced by children in agriculture, and that enforcement of pesticide protection standards for farmworkers is patchy and unsystematic. Many cases of farmworkers' pesticide-related illnesses go unreported, leaving health workers with an inadequate basis for tracking patterns and fine-tuning pesticide standards, says the report. In addition, children are known to be more vulnerable to the effects of pesticides, but there is a lack of data regarding children's exposures and the precise effects of pesticides on children's health.
Visualization of Amyloid Arthropathy in Light-Chain Systemic Amyloidosis on F-18 FDG PET/CT Scan
Authors: Arsene Mekinian, Etienne Ghrenassia, Gabriel Pop, Sarah Roberts, Virginie Prendki, Jerome Stirnemann, Pierre Weinmann, Olivier Fain
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

We report a case of 63-year-old man with symmetrical joint swelling of the interphalangeal and metacarpal joints, associated with isolated hypogammaglobulinemia. Accessory glands biopsy revealed the presence of amyloidal deposits. PET/CT showed increased F-18 FDG activity in thickened soft tissues corresponding to amyloid arthropathy. Like multiple myeloma, PET/CT could be an interesting imaging in light-chain amyloidosis.
Abstract P2-09-20: Response Prediction to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: Comparison between Pre-Therapeutic Gene Expression Profiles and In Vitro Chemosensitivity Assay
Authors: CF Singer, F Klinglmueller, C Staudigl, A Fink-Retter, D Gschwantlerkaulich, S Helmy, G Pfeiler, A-C Dressler, C Sartori, M. Bilban
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Although the use of (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients has resulted in improved disease-free and overall survival, not all patients benefit equally. Nevertheless, chemotherapy is still applied empirically, since clinical tests for response prediction are not routinely available. We have evaluated the utility of an in vitro chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: Pre-therapeutic tumor core biopsies were obtained from 65 breast cancer patients and subjected to a standardized ATP-based Epi/Doc tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA). Of these, 30 breast cancer patients were also assigned to three cycles of neoadjuvant epirubicin 75 mg/m2 and docetaxel 75 mg/m2 (Epi/Doc) in a prospectively randomized clinical trial. Tumor response was evaluated by pre-and post-interventional ultrasound measurements of tumor diameter, and by differential Ki67 expression. Results: 3 Cycles of neoadjuvant Epi/Doc resulted in a clinical response according to RECIST criteria in 11/23 evaluable patients (48%), and in a profound reduction in tumor proliferation in 10/23 patients (43%). Similarly, in vitro treatment of tumor cell suspensions with Epi/Doc performed in 65 pre-treatment core-biopsies yielded chemosensitivity in comparable fraction of patients (30/65, 46%). When the differentail changes in tumor cell proliferation in response to 3 cycles Epi/Doc in 23 patients were compared with ATP-TCA results obtained from the pre-interventional tumor core-biopsies of the same individual patients, we found that the efficacy of Epi/Doc in vitro was significantly correlated with differential changes in tumor cell proliferation in response to 3 cycles Epi/Doc in vivo (p= 0.0011; r=0.73670, Spearman's rho), but did not predict for changes in tumor size when measured by ultrasound. Conclusion: This is the first prospective clinical trial to demonstrate the utility of a standardized in vitro chemosensitivity assay in predicting the individual response to chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-09-20.
Abstract 1839: Phosphodiesterase 4 regulates lung tumor growth through HIF regulation, proliferation, and angiogenesis
Authors: Rajkumar Savai, Soni Savai Pullamsetti, Anja Schmall, Dawid Pomagruk, Jörg Hänze, Ewa Kolosionek, Jochen Wilhelm, Werner Seeger, Friedrich Grimminger, Ralph Theo Schermuly, Gamal Andre Banat
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Recent data suggest that cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are relevant in various cancer pathologies. Here, we elucidate the pathophysiological role of PDE4 and its therapeutic prospects in lung cancer. We exposed 10 different non-small cell lung cancer cell lines (adenocarcinoma, squamous, and large cell carcinoma) to hypoxia and assessed the expression and activity of PDE4 by quantitative real-time PCR, immunocytochemistry, western blotting, and PDE activity assays. Expression and activity of distinct PDE4 isoforms (PDE4A and PDE4D) increased in response to hypoxia in eight of the studied cell lines. Furthermore, we determined various potential hypoxia-responsive elements (HRE) in PDE4A and PDE4D. Silencing of hypoxia-inducible factor subunits (HIF1A and HIF2) by siRNA reduced hypoxic induction of PDE4A and PDE4D. Vice versa, using a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4i), a cAMP-elevating agent, cAMP analogs, PKA activator/inhibitor, and EPAC activator, we demonstrated that PDE4-cAMP-PKA/EPAC axis regulates HIF signaling as measured by HRE reporter gene assay and expression of HIF target genes (LDHA, PDK1, VEGFA). Notably, PDE4i or PDE4A-/PDE4D-selective siRNA reduced human lung tumor cell proliferation in vitro and colony formation and altered the expression of cell-cycle regulators. Moreover, PDE4i treatment reduced hypoxia-induced VEGF secretion in human cells. In vivo, PDE4i inhibited tumor xenograft growth in athymic nude mice by altering proliferation and angiogenesis. Collectively, our findings suggest that PDE4 is overexpressed in lung cancer, exerts crosstalk with HIF pathways, and promotes lung cancer progression; thus, PDE4 may represent a therapeutic target for lung cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1839. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1839