tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract A02: Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: Clinically relevant models for drug testing
Authors: Noémie Braekeveldt, Caroline Wigerup, David Gisselsson, Sofie Mohlin, My Merselius, Siv Beckman, Irene Tadeo, Anna P. Berbegall, Ingrid Öra, Samuel Navarro, Rosa Noguera, Sven Påhlman, Daniel Bexell
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Widespread metastasis is a major problem for the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. Relevant neuroblastoma animal models are hence needed to study and target high-risk metastatic neuroblastoma. We developed neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) using viably cryopreserved or fresh patient neuroblastoma fragments which were implanted orthotopically into immunodeficient NSG mice. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDXs retain neuroblastoma markers and a highly infiltrative growth pattern. Importantly, we found distant metastasis to lungs, liver and bone marrow. Single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis confirmed that PDXs maintain patient-specific chromosomal aberrations 1p del, MYCN amp and 17q gain. In vitro cultures established from the PDXs express neuroblastoma markers and retain their tumorigenic and metastatic ability in vivo after orthotopic injection. PDXs were highly vascularized with mouse endothelial cells and one PDX model formed tumor vasculature through co-engrafted human tumor endothelial cells. Tumors also contained pericytes, cancer-associated fibroblasts, macrophages and extracellular components resembling the patient disease. PDXs established in athymic nude mice additionally developed intratumoral lymphatic vessels and contained mouse-derived CD45+ lymphoid cells. Thus, PDXs maintain important tumor microenvironment hallmarks for high stage neuroblastoma. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of using short-term in vitro cultured PDX-derived cells as a drug-testing model, and show that the HIF2A oncogene is transcriptionally regulated at hypoxia via the PI3K/mTORC2 pathway in these cells. The results establish the PI3K and mTORC2 pathways as potential therapeutic targets of aggressive neuroblastoma. In conclusion, neuroblastoma orthotopic PDXs resemble many clinical aspects of the patient disease, e.g., distant metastases, and PDXs are valuable models for preclinical drug testing. Citation Format: Noémie Braekeveldt, Caroline Wigerup, David Gisselsson, Sofie Mohlin, My Merselius, Siv Beckman, Irene Tadeo, Anna P. Berbegall, Ingrid Öra, Samuel Navarro, Rosa Noguera, Sven Påhlman, Daniel Bexell. Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: Clinically relevant models for drug testing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Pediatric Cancer Research: From Mechanisms and Models to Treatment and Survivorship; 2015 Nov 9-12; Fort Lauderdale, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(5 Suppl):Abstract nr A02.
Studies on the Protein Binding of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-2-Fluorenylacetamide
Authors: Helen M. Dyer, Harold P. Morris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Studies on the Protein Binding of N-2-Fluorenylacetamide Get access Helen M. Dyer, Helen M. Dyer Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harold P. Morris Harold P. Morris Laboratory of Biochemistry, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 17, Issue 5, November 1956, Pages 677–697, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/17.5.677 Published: 01 November 1956 Article history Received: 23 July 1956 Published: 01 November 1956
Spectinomycin in the treatment of gonorrhoea
Authors: A Gil-Setas, A Navascués-Ortega, X Beristain
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: Spectinomycin in the treatment of gonorrhoea, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/19/art19568-en-1.gif
Review on Lithotripsy and Cavitation in Urinary Stone Therapy
Authors: Morteza Ghorbani, Ozlem Oral, Sinan Ekici, Devrim Gozuacik, Ali Kosar
Journal: IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (2016)

Cavitation is the sudden formation of vapor bubbles or voids in liquid media and occurs after rapid changes in pressure as a consequence of mechanical forces. It is mostly an undesirable phenomenon. Although the elimination of cavitation is a major topic in the study of fluid dynamics, its destructive nature could be exploited for therapeutic applications. Ultrasonic and hydrodynamic sources are two main origins for generating cavitation. The purpose of this review is to give the reader a general idea about the formation of cavitation phenomenon and existing biomedical applications of ultrasonic and hydrodynamic cavitation. Because of the high number of the studies on ultrasound cavitation in the literature, the main focus of this review is placed on the lithotripsy techniques, which have been widely used for the treatment of urinary stones. Accordingly, cavitation phenomenon and its basic concepts are presented in Section II. The significance of the ultrasound cavitation in the urinary stone treatment is discussed in Section III in detail and hydrodynamic cavitation as an important alternative for the ultrasound cavitation is included in Section IV. Finally, side effects of using both ultrasound and hydrodynamic cavitation in biomedical applications are presented in Section V.
Vaginocystography in Vesicovaginal Fistulae
Authors: M.S. Rao, B.C. Bapna, S. Vaidyanathan, K.M.K. Rao, C.L. Subudhi, L.J. Rajendran, V.V. Shrikhande, S.K. Sharma
Journal: European Urology (1979)
Personality differences between patients with remitted melancholic and nonmelancholic depression
Authors: P Boyce, G Parker, I Hickie, K Wilhelm, H Brodaty, P Mitchell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Seventy-five patients with remitted depression were categorized as having melancholic-endogenous or non-melancholic-nonendogenous depression according to DSM-III criteria, Research Diagnostic Criteria, and the Newcastle endogeneity scale. The patients' scores on four personality scales--the Eysenck Personality Inventory, the Interpersonal Dependency Inventory, locus of control, and the Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure--were then compared. Patients with nonmelancholic-nonendogenous depression were generally rated as having more vulnerable personality styles, but the differences were dependent on the particular diagnostic system used. A principal components analysis isolated three underlying personality constructs--dependency, introversion, and timidity. Patients with nonmelancholic-nonendogenous depression scored as significantly more dependent.
Serum Level of Glutamic Oxalacetic Transaminase in Patients with Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: R G SIEKERT
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Course-related depressive syndromes in schizophrenia
Authors: S G Siris, A Rifkin, G T Reardon, J Endicott, D H Pereira, R Hayes, E Casey
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The authors evaluated 20 patients, diagnosed by Research Diagnostic Criteria after 1 week of hospitalization as having schizophrenia, weekly throughout their hospitalization. Four patients developed syndromes of depression after resolution of their psychoses: three manifesting a "minor" and one a "major" postpsychotic depressive syndrome. Four other patients went on to develop syndromes equivalent to major depression at a time when they were still actively psychotic, and their cross-sectional diagnoses were therefore changed to schizoaffective disorder, depressed type. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for diagnosis.
Chromosomes of Tumor Cells. I. Murine Leukemias Induced by One or Two Injections of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene
Authors: H F Stich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

One or two injections of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) into baby mice of the low-leukemic Swiss stock resulted in a high incidence of lymphatic leukemias. The first mouse, which died at 65 days of age, had a thymic lymphosarcoma, greatly enlarged spleen and lymph nodes, and infiltration of leukemic cells in the kidneys and lungs. Four months after DMBA injection 50 percent of all mice developed leukemias, which were transplantable to adults of the same mouse strain. The chromosome number was studied in thymic lymphosarcomas of 16 mice and in various infiltrated organs of 3 mice. Fifteen of the 16 thymic lymphosarcomas consisted of a population of cells containing predominantly 41 chromosomes, as compared with 40 chromosomes in normal tissues. There were also aneuploid cells in the infiltrated spleen and lymph nodes. Cells having predominantly 42 chromosomes were observed in the enlarged thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes of one mouse. The preference of one aneuploid chromosome number in the thymic lymphosarcomas is discussed in regard to formation and selection of the neoplastic cell.
Abstract A81: Targeting of free fatty acid signaling in ovarian cancer may serve as a potential therapeutic approach.
Authors: Adnan Munkarah, Suhail Hamid, Jasdeep Chhina, Ismail Mert, LaToya Jackson, Sharon Hensley-Alford, Dhananjay Chitale, Shailendra Giri, Ramandeep Rattan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Recent studies have revealed an association between adipocyte driven free fatty acids (FFA) and the aggressiveness of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Adipocyte derived free fatty acids (FFA) seem to promote epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) growth and progression by acting as mitochondrial fuel source to support the energy requirements of EOC cells. Apart from acting as a fuel source, FFA may also enhance tumor growth through other signaling pathways that can promote proliferation and regulate metabolism. Recently, a family of FFA activated G-protein coupled receptors (FFAR/GPCRs) was identified, including: FFAR1/GPR40, FFAR2/GPR42, FFAR3/GPR41, FFAR4/GPR120 and GPR84. Using RT-PCR, we have found that exposing EOC cells to adipocytes results in overexpression of FFAR1/GPR40 in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines (ID8, A2780, C200, OVCAR3 and SKOV3). In mRNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tumor specimens, approximately 80% of high-grade serous ovarian carcinomas exhibited increased FFAR1 expression. Additionally, analysis of TCGA database revealed that patients with tumors exhibiting increased mRNA expression of FFAR1/GPR40 had poor overall survival and progression free survival. We have also found that targeting FFAR1 using its specific antagonist GW1100 inhibited the proliferation of A2780, ID8, C200, OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines and resulted in downstream inhibition of insulin secretion and the Akt signaling pathway. On the other hand, treatment of the same cells with the FFAR1 agonist ,CAY10587, had no effect on proliferation. Thus, we conclude that FFAR1 may play an important role in the regulation of FFA mediated EOC cell proliferation. Targeting of FFAR1/GPR40 may be an attractive strategy in EOC, particularly for EOC patients presenting with high adiposity. Citation Format: Adnan Munkarah, Suhail Hamid, Jasdeep Chhina, Ismail Mert, LaToya Jackson, Sharon Hensley-Alford, Dhananjay Chitale, Shailendra Giri, Ramandeep Rattan. Targeting of free fatty acid signaling in ovarian cancer may serve as a potential therapeutic approach. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Ovarian Cancer Research: Exploiting Vulnerabilities; Oct 17-20, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A81.
Minimal residual disease in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia undergoing long-term treatment with recombinant interferon alpha-2b alone or in combination with interferon gamma
Authors: B Opalka, UB Wandl, R Becher, O Kloke, M Nagel-Hiemke, T Moritz, U Beer, S Seeber, N Niederle
Journal: Blood (1991)
Long-term effects of extreme situational stress on sleep and dreaming
Authors: A Hefez, L Metz, P Lavie
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Sleep data were obtained on 11 patients who had survived traumatic events and who complained of sleep disturbances. Each was awakened from REM and non-REM sleep for dream recall. The patients had lower sleep efficiency indices (because of prolonged sleep latency and larger amounts of "awake" plus "movement" time within sleep periods), shorter REM time, and longer REM latencies than did control subjects. Four of the 11 patients had REM- and non-REM-related nightmares, which, in two sea disaster patients, were associated with REM-related motor activity. The rest of the patients had unusually low dream recall in spite of high eye movement density.
Somatization disorder in a community population
Authors: M Swartz, D Blazer, L George, R Landerman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The data recently collected in the Piedmont region of North Carolina as part of the National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program were used to examine somatization disorder in a community population. The authors found an adjusted prevalence of 0.38% for somatization disorder diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and DSM-III. Respondents with somatization disorder demonstrated demographic characteristics (female, unmarried, nonwhite, from a rural area, less educated) that are consistent with findings from past clinical and epidemiologic studies of somatization disorder. The adjusted prevalence is higher than that of other Epidemiologic Catchment Area sites, and possible explanations for this findings are discussed.
Abstract 122: Targeting forward and reverse EphB4/EFNB2 signaling by a peptide with dual functions
Authors: Chiyi Xiong, Yunfei Wen, Jun Zhao, Dengke Yin, Lingyun Xu, Anca Chelariu-Raicu, Cody Yao, Xiaohong Leng, Jinsong Liu, Rajan R Chaudhari, Shuxing Zhang, Anil K Sood, Chun Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2020)

Abstract Introduction: EphB4 is frequently overexpressed in ovarian and other solid tumors and involved in interactions between tumor cells and tumor microenvironment, contributing to metastasis. EphB4 and its membrane-bound ligand ephrin B2 (EFNB2) mediates bi-directional signaling. Currently, no small-molecule-based, peptides with dual functional binding to EphB4 are available. Therefore, we developed an EphB4 agonist that is capable of activating the forward EphB4 signaling and interfering with the reverse EFNB2 signaling. Methods: A high-affinity bi-directional ephrin agonist peptide (BIDEN-AP) that selectively activated EphB4 was discovered through structural modifications to the known EphB4 antagonist TNYLFSPNGPIARAW (TNYL-RAW) by surface plasma resonance and cell based assays. To improve pharmacokinetics and enhance peptide stability, BINDEN-AP peptide was conjugated to Core-Crosslinked Polymeric Micelles (CCPM). Anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of BINDEN-AP peptide and its conjugate with CCPM were evaluated using orthotopic human A2789cp20-Luc ovarian cancer xenograft model, and PDX model of high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC). Results: We found that BIDEN-AP was selectively internalized via receptor-mediated endocytosis, mediated phosphorylation of EphB4 and its downstream adaptor protein Crk1 (MAPK14), and suppressed invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer cells. BIDEN-AP also inhibited endothelial migration and tube formation by 50% (p&amp;lt;0.05). In vivo, BIDEN-AP and CCPM-BIDEN-AP significantly reduced tumor weight (p&amp;lt;0.05) and number of tumor nodules (p&amp;lt;0.01) of intraperitoneally inoculated A2780cp20 ovarian tumors. Moreover, CCPM-BIDEN-AP displayed greater anti-tumor potency than BIDEN-AP with regard to reduction in the number of tumor nodules (p&amp;lt;0.01). Both BIDEN-AP and CCPM-BIDEN-AP compromised angiogenesis as evidenced by significantly reduced microvessel density (p&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusion: Given the robust anti-tumor effects of BIDEN-AP, these data could have direct relevance for further therapeutic development. Citation Format: Chiyi Xiong, Yunfei Wen, Jun Zhao, Dengke Yin, Lingyun Xu, Anca Chelariu-Raicu, Cody Yao, Xiaohong Leng, Jinsong Liu, Rajan R Chaudhari, Shuxing Zhang, Anil K Sood, Chun Li. Targeting forward and reverse EphB4/EFNB2 signaling by a peptide with dual functions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 122.
Abstract P6-12-02: Association between a dedicated program for young breast cancer patients and discussion about fertility preservation
Authors: A Srikanthan, E Amir, E Warner
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: To assess whether a dedicated program, including a nurse navigator, improves the frequency of: a) documentation of fertility discussion and b) referrals for fertility preservation (FP). Methods: A retrospective chart review and prospective survey were undertaken of a cohort of young breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2011-2013 at two academic centres in Toronto, Ontario. The Odette Cancer Center (OCC) has a dedicated program for young breast cancer patients while Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM) does not. Documentation of fertility discussion prior to receipt of systemic therapy was extracted from patient records. Prospective surveys were administered to the same cohort to corroborate data collected. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize baseline patient variables. Chi-squared was used to compare categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables between the two cancer centres. Statistical significance was defined as p&amp;lt;0.05. Results: At OCC and PM respectively, 91 and 81 patient charts were reviewed while 54 and 49 women returned surveys for response rates of 59% and 60% . Chart reviews demonstrated no difference in the frequency of documentation of fertility discussion (80% versus 75% for OCC and PM, p=0.44); however, surveys demonstrated higher recall of fertility discussion rates at OCC (96% versus 83%, p=0.046). A greater proportion of women were offered FP referrals at OCC, as observed in both chart reviews (53% versus 41%, p=0.18) and surveys (70% versus 46%, p=0.02). Time to initiation of chemotherapy did not significantly differ between women who underwent FP and those who did not. Conclusion: A dedicated program for young women with breast cancer including a nurse navigator is associated with a higher frequency of FP referrals without delaying systemic therapy. Citation Format: Srikanthan A, Amir E, Warner E. Association between a dedicated program for young breast cancer patients and discussion about fertility preservation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-12-02.
THE PATHOGENESIS OF GASTRIC ULCER.
Authors: A Saggioro, G Chiozzini
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The cause of gastric ulcer is still poorly understood, even though a certain number of pathophysiologic abnormalities have been described in subgroups of gastric ulcer patients. It is not known whether these abnormalities lead to ulceration or occur as a result of ulcers. Environmental factors, such as aspirin intake or stressful life events, may be related to gastric ulcer in some patients. The main pathophysiologic events (dismotility, prostaglandin formation, alteration in gastric mucosal barrier and blood flow, impaired gastric secretions), and the environmental factors involved in the development of gastric ulcer (cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, drug ingestion, psychologic stress, infectious agents) are reviewed in this paper. Knowledge about the natural history of gastric ulcer has been increased by the availability of fiberoptic endoscopy and by controlled clinical trials, but ulcer pathogenesis still remains obscure, and perhaps multifactorial.
Soundings: Failure to die
Authors: Colin Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2006)

A long time ago, as a locum senior house officer, I followed the senior consultant round the ward. One of his patients, a frail, eccentric woman in the last stages of dementia, had a serious chest infection. He frowned and pondered, warned us off antibiotics, said he would talk to the family, and told us that our remaining duties were to ensure “comfort, dignity, and peace at the last.”

The next time we went round our patient was looking very well indeed and enjoying her porridge, but the chief was not in the least put out. He exchanged his usual courtesies with her and then asked for her temperature chart. I was treated to some bedside teaching on “crisis and lysis”: the remorseless advance of a fever and its sudden precipitous fall, with the latter as something that once, in the pre-antibiotic era in which he had trained, could only be hoped and prayed for.

Failure to thrive, I learnt as a student, was one of the more testing presentations in paediatrics. At the other end of life and in the context of presumed mortal illness, its corollary—failure to die—also gives rise to some puzzlement, little of which we acknowledge.

The prognosis involved is a dubious science; even hospice doctors get the occasional surprise. And perhaps it is also something to do with the might of modern medicine: if we have decided that despite it all there's no hope, or that you are so near the end you are just not entitled, then it is clearly unsettling to the general order of things when you come back, as that woman did 30 years ago, for more porridge.

I see the presentation from time to time, and still find it intriguing. Families are rarely surprised (“She's always had a strong heart, doctor”). Nurses are usually quite pleased, because in most cases such survival reflects their skill and art. But others find it difficult: most commonly the junior hospital doctors, and particularly the most presumptuous of them—those who never envisaged the need for a plan B.

So what should we teach them? Life is uncertain and so is death, so why not be a bit more relaxed about this? And what they have to learn is simple but quite important, though not easy to define and not much prized among students and trainees. Saying you're not sure? Not minding being wrong? Humility, perhaps?