tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diuretic Action of Triamterene in Man
Authors: C W Havard
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Drug Spotlight Program
Authors: G N Aagaard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

The Drug Spotlight Program is a hospital-based program of continuing education in Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. It will suggest actual or potential therapeutic problems that the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee of the medical staff may wish to study through a review of hospital records. It will also make available, through JAMA and other participating professional journals, timely and pertinent scientific reports on the problems in question. These reports will be a valuable source of information if the medical staff wishes to conduct an educational program on some aspect of the problem.  Cooperating in this program are the following organizations: American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Physicians, American College of Surgeons, American Hospital Association, American Medical Association, American Nurses Association, American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, Association of American Medical Colleges, Association for Hospital Medical Education, and Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals.
Absence of Kaposi’s Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus DNA Sequences in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: M. Corbellino, M. Pizzuto, G. Bestetti, L. Corsico, M. Piazza, B. Pigozzi, M. Galli, L. Baldini, A. Neri, C. Parravicini
Journal: Blood (1999)
Comprehensive characterization of programmed death ligand structural rearrangements in B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas
Authors: Lauren C. Chong, David D. W. Twa, Anja Mottok, Susana Ben-Neriah, Bruce W. Woolcock, Yongjun Zhao, Kerry J. Savage, Marco A. Marra, David W. Scott, Randy D. Gascoyne, Ryan D. Morin, Andrew J. Mungall, Christian Steidl
Journal: Blood (2016)
T-Cell Therapy Using Interleukin-21–Primed Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphocytes Combined With Cytotoxic T-Cell Lymphocyte Antigen-4 Blockade Results in Long-Term Cell Persistence and Durable Tumor Regression
Authors: Aude G. Chapuis, Ilana M. Roberts, John A. Thompson, Kim A. Margolin, Shailender Bhatia, Sylvia M. Lee, Heather L. Sloan, Ivy P. Lai, Erik A. Farrar, Felecia Wagener, Kendall C. Shibuya, Jianhong Cao, Jedd D. Wolchok, Philip D. Greenberg, Cassian Yee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Peripheral blood-derived antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) provide a readily available source of effector cells that can be administered with minimal toxicity in an outpatient setting. In metastatic melanoma, this approach results in measurable albeit modest clinical responses in patients resistant to conventional therapy. We reasoned that concurrent cytotoxic T-cell lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) checkpoint blockade might enhance the antitumor activity of adoptively transferred CTLs. Patients and Methods Autologous MART1-specific CTLs were generated by priming with peptide-pulsed dendritic cells in the presence of interleukin-21 and enriched by peptide-major histocompatibility complex multimer-guided cell sorting. This expeditiously yielded polyclonal CTL lines uniformly expressing markers associated with an enhanced survival potential. In this first-in-human strategy, 10 patients with stage IV melanoma received the MART1-specific CTLs followed by a standard course of anti-CTLA-4 (ipilimumab). Results The toxicity profile of the combined treatment was comparable to that of ipilimumab monotherapy. Evaluation of best responses at 12 weeks yielded two continuous complete remissions, one partial response (PR) using RECIST criteria (two PRs using immune-related response criteria), and three instances of stable disease. Infused CTLs persisted with frequencies up to 2.9% of CD8+ T cells for as long as the patients were monitored (up to 40 weeks). In patients who experienced complete remissions, PRs, or stable disease, the persisting CTLs acquired phenotypic and functional characteristics of long-lived memory cells. Moreover, these patients also developed responses to nontargeted tumor antigens (epitope spreading). Conclusion We demonstrate that combining antigen-specific CTLs with CTLA-4 blockade is safe and produces durable clinical responses, likely reflecting both enhanced activity of transferred cells and improved recruitment of new responses, highlighting the promise of this strategy.
Bronchodilator Therapy
Authors: David C. Webb-Johnson, Joseph L. Andrews
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

There may be as many different therapy programs for bronchospasm as there are physicians treating asthma, bronchitis and emphysema. This variety of programs results from the recent introduction of many new bronchodilator drugs, varying preferences of physicians and different responses by patients. We will review briefly recent information about the pathophysiology of bronchoconstriction, discuss the actions of the most useful bronchodilator drugs (listed in Table 1) and present a strategy for progressive treatment of increasing degrees of bronchospasm.Pathophysiology of BronchospasmThe abnormalities in the airways during an asthmatic attack include smooth-muscle spasm, plugging with viscid mucus and further obstruction from . . .
PWE-224 Nurse led day-case percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) service for the head and neck cancer population
Authors: NE Burch, J Colby
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> PEG insertion is a common method to maintain nutrition and hydration in patients with swallowing difficulties. Although traditionally an in-patient procedure, there has been a move over the last decade towards day-case provision in some centres. Unfortunately however there are limited data regarding the optimal day-case service and only 2 small publications relating to day-case PEG insertion over the past 10 years. We developed a Nurse-led day-case service and undertook a prospective audit to compare with standard in-patient placement. <h3>Method</h3> A day-case pathway, guidelines, discharge and follow up process was developed for patients with Head and Neck cancer at UHCW. The Nutrition Nurse Specialist was responsible for all aspects of the day-case PEG procedure. This included: initial assessment; co-ordination with endoscopy for insertion date; percutaneous puncture and PEG placement in all patients alongside an Endoscopist; review of patients post procedure and discharge; follow up after 24 h. Data was collected prospectively for the first 50 nurse led day-case PEGs, and compared retrospectively with the previous 50 consecutive in-patient PEG placements for head and neck cancer. <h3>Results</h3> There was no difference in complication rates between the 2 groups. There were no major complications in either group. Minor complications were equivalent in both groups and related to easily treatable stoma site infections. There was no significant difference in the timeliness of PEG insertion in day-case vs in-patient insertion (54% pre-treatment versus 50%). The in-patient PEG cohort collectively utilised a total of 150 bed days whereas the day-case PEGs were all safely discharged on the day of PEG procedure by the Nutrition Nurse Specialist. Two of the day-case patients were re-admitted on the evening after the procedure due to social reasons. All day-case PEGs were followed up by the Nutrition nurse the day after PEG insertion. By comparison only 20% of the patients in the in-patient group were reviewed with 24 h of their procedure. <h3>Conclusion</h3> A Nurse led day-case PEG service is both safe and effective in the head and neck cancer population as long as there is a standardised protocol in place. It allows more efficient use of resources, saving hospital bed days, freeing up medical capacity for other in-patients, and ensuring robust follow-up and review post insertion. A larger scale multi-centre evaluation of day-case PEG services is required to facilitate development of a Gold standard pathway for day-case PEG service delivery. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
FRI0375 Flow-Based Cell-Specific Interferon Signature as a Biomarker in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Y. El-Sherbiny, A.A. Mohamed, Y.M. Yusof, E. Vital, P. Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Type I interferons (IFNs) have been confirmed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). IFN activity is usually monitored using a whole blood signature of IFN responsive genes. However; (i) these signatures do not correlate with disease activity, (ii) they also do not predict response to anti-IFN therapy. This may be because IFN response varies in different cell populations whose frequency varies in different disease states. We therefore sought a cell specific IFN signature using surface expression of the IFN response protein, Siglec-1 (sialoadhesin, CD169), which represents type I IFN activity on monocytes. B cells are involved in both diseases and have been target of therapy by different biologics. Changes in B cell subsets (esp. plasmablast (PB) expansion) are associated with disease activity. Hence, we investigated the correlation of different B cell subsets with the level of Siglec-1 in RA and SLE patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the use of a flow cytometry cell specific assay for interferon signature in SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> Peripheral blood was collected from 27 SLE patients, 18 RA patients and 5 healthy controls (HC) and was analyzed for the level of Siglec-1 (CD169) expression on monocytes as well as for the numbers of naïve, memory and PB B cell subsets using multi-parameter flow cytometry using panels including: CD19, CD27, CD38, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD16, CD14, CD56, CD64, CD69 and CD169. Disease activity was measured by BILAG-2004 for SLE patients and DAS-28 for RA patients. <h3>Results</h3> Siglec-1 was found significantly higher in SLE and RA than in HC (p=0.03) (ANOVA test). However, no significant difference was found between RA and SLE Siglec-1 expression. In SLE patients, Siglec-1 was found significantly higher in patients with high BILAG score (n=6) than those with low BILAG (n=17) (p=0.0002) (Mann Whitney test). Moreover, Siglec-1 was significantly correlated with levels of autoantibodies in SLE patients (P=0.0175, r=0.634) (Spearman); the number of autoantibody positivity was associated with higher Siglec-1 expression on monocytes. Although BILAG score was significantly correlated with percentage of PB in SLE patients9 blood (p=0.008, r=0.681) (Spearman R), we found no significant correlation between PB numbers or other cell subsets and Siglec-1 levels on monocytes. Interestingly, CD64 on monocytes was also upregulated in SLE and significantly correlated with Siglec-1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Monocyte Siglec-1 expression level as a measure of type I IFN activity were correlated with the disease activity and the number of autoantibody positivity in SLE. However, it does not explain the characteristic changes in B cell differentiation. Moreover, it does not act as a disease specific marker since it was invariably high in the active state of both diseases. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Fundamental Approach to Hypoglycemic Therapy
Authors: H S SADOW
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CD30 As a Target for the Treatment of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: H. Miles Prince
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

A 72-year-man presented with a 7-month history of progressive patches and plaques over the trunk and limbs. A skin biopsy confirmed mycosis fungoides (MF). After staging investigations, he was considered to have T2N0M0B0 (stage Ib) disease and began ultraviolet (UV) B phototherapy. Despite initial response, his disease progressed after 4 months, with enlarging patches and plaques but without nodal involvement. As second-line therapy, he received interferon alfa-2b (IFN--2b) 2.7 MU daily, which he tolerated well. He again experienced initial partial response (PR), but by 18 months, he had experienced tumor progression, with patches, plaques, and multiple tumors over the body (up to 3 cm; Fig 1). Biopsy of a neck tumor demonstrated tumor-stage MF,with no evidence of large-cell transformation. Approximately 30% of lymphocytes strongly expressed CD30. CD25 was negative. He began treatment with oral methotrexate 20mg per week, which he tolerated well, and achieved a PR lasting 7 months before multiple plaque and tumor lesions recurred, along with the development of inguinal lymphadenopthy. Biopsy of the skin lesions confirmed the same disease, and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography demonstrated avidity in inguinal and internal iliac nodes, with lymphadenopathy measuring up to 3.5 cm. He has been referred for consideration of further systemic therapy.
Adjunctive alprazolam for schizophrenia with panic anxiety: clinical observation and pathogenetic implications
Authors: J P Kahn, M A Puertollano, M D Schane, D F Klein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Seven patients with schizophrenia and panic attacks all showed marked improvement of positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms when alprazolam was openly added to antipsychotic medication. Panic attacks may identify alprazolam-responsive schizophrenic patients and may define a distinct pathophysiologic subgroup.
Higher priced drugs are not cost effective for diabetic macular edema, US study finds
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

In comparsion with treatment with the low cost antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drug bevacizumab (Avastin), the more expensive alternatives aflibercept (Eylea) and ranibizumab (Lucentis) are not cost effective for diabetic macular edema, a new study has found.1

Aflibercept and ranibizumab are 20 to 30 times more expensive than bevacizumab, which is approved for the treatment of cancer and is frequently repackaged for off label treatment of retinal vascular disease.

Diabetic macular edema (DME), which is caused by the swelling of the retina’s macula because of abnormal blood vessel growth, is the most common cause of vision loss among people with diabetic retinopathy. VEGF stimulates the growth of these abnormal blood vessels, and anti-VEGF drugs, administered by intravitreal injection, …
CIGARETTE SMOKING AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
Authors: R S Paffenbarger, R T Hyde, A L Wing, C Hsieh
Journal: JAMA (1960)

That cigarette smoking is causally associated with development of cardiovascular disease is recognized unequivocally. Epidemiological studies worldwide have documented the many pathways of influence and synergism by which this ubiquitous but artificial habit exerts its ill effects on cardiorespiratory and other body systems, leading not only to cardiovascular disease but to cancer and other ailments. Current investigations among college alumni, women, elderly, and other subgroups provide data on how various independent influences combine with smoking to establish risk and promote pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Their findings also confirm that cigarette smoking is one of the strongest instigators. All of this knowledge has implications for the design and implementation of effective intervention programmes.
Case 46-1967
Authors: Roman W. DeSanctis, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Presentation of CaseA forty-five-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of episodic severe dyspnea.He had been well until six months previously, when a cough and low-grade fever developed. Demethylchlortetracycline (Declomycin) was administered. An x-ray film of the chest showed a hazy density in the right-lower-lung field extending from the eighth rib posteriorly to the diaphragm, appearing most dense in its peripheral portion. On admission to another hospital 25 ml of thin, amber fluid was aspirated from the right pleural space; routine cultures and cultures for tubercle bacilli were negative. On the fifteenth hospital day a portion of . . .
Case 15-2012: Diplopia, Headaches, and Papilledema
Authors: Charles Prober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Neurocysticercosis is endemic in most of the world, and it accounts for 2% of seizure cases in some areas of the United States.1 Extraparenchymal neurocysticercosis, discussed in the Case Record involving a patient with this disease (May 17 issue),2 is a slowly progressive disease that frequently involves the subarachnoid spinal space3 and can be fatal. It should be treated with surgery or antiparasitic agents until there are no remaining lesions.
THU0072 Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) and RC-3095, a GRP Receptor Antagonist, Regulates Arthritic Mice Synovial Fibroblasts
Authors: V.S. Clarimundo, M. Farinon, C. Nör, L.I. Filipin, P.S. Gulko, R.M. Xavier, P.G. Oliveira
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is characterized by invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) into de articular cartilage and bone erosion leading to progressive joint destruction. FLS invasiveness correlates with articular damage in RA, yet little is known about this regulation. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) is a functional homologue of bombesin, and its receptor signaling is involved in several functions, including the inflammatory response. GRP and its receptor (GRPR) have been found in synovial membrane and fluid of RA patients. RC-3095 is an antagonist of GRPR. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the presence and role of gastrin-releasing peptide and its receptor on FLS from arthritic mice. <h3>Methods</h3> FLS were isolated from the ankle joints of DBA/1J mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Expression of GRPR protein in FLS was analyzed by immunocitochemistry and western blot (WB), and qPCR was used to measure expression levels of GRPR and GRP. Viability of FLS treated with GRP (0.1, 1 and 10 μM) or RC-3095 (0.05 to 10μM) was assessed by MTT assay in 24h and 48h. FLS (n=6) invasion was measured using a Matrigel-coated transwell invasion system in the presence of GRP (10 μM), RC-3095 (1μM) or GRP+RC-3095 (GRP 10 μM and RC 1μM) over 24 hours, in duplicate. Cytosol and culture supernatant GRP was measured by ELISA after treatment with GRP (10 μM), RC-3095 (1 μM) or GRP+RC-3095 (GRP 10 μM and RC-3095 1μM). <h3>Results</h3> GRPR protein and mRNA was present in FLS. GRP mRNA was also detected. RC-3095 and GRP were not cytotoxic for FLS in the used concentrations. GRP increased FLS invasion by nearly two-fold (5356±767) compared with untreated FLS (2888±386) (p&lt;0,02), whereas RC-3095 reversed that effect (1722±271) (p&lt;0,005). GRP+RC-3095 (2670±499) decreased FLS invasion compared with GRP (p&lt;0,0001). RC-3095 (206±10,55) increased GRP levels in supernatant comparing with GRP (334±61,26) (p&lt;0,02) and with GRP+RC-3095 (211±12,39) (p&lt;0,03). In cytosol no statistical difference was observed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the first study to identify the presence and activity of the GRP-GRPR pathway in FLS. These cells expressed the GRPR receptor and secreted GRP. RC-3095 was able to decrease FLS invasion while GRP increased. These findings suggest that interference with the GRP pathway is a potential therapeutic target on FLS for treatment to rheumatoid arthritis using RC-3095 for future clinical trials. <h3>References</h3> Grimsholm O, et al. Neuropeptides. 2008. Laragione T, Gulko PS. Mol Med. 2012. Oliveira PG, et al. Arthritis Rheum. 2011. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> FIPE, CNPq, CAPES <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared