tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Liraglutide Added to Insulin Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes: The ADJUNCT ONE Treat-To-Target Randomized Trial
Authors: Chantal Mathieu, Bernard Zinman, Joanna Uddén Hemmingsson, Vincent Woo, Peter Colman, Erik Christiansen, Martin Linder, Bruce Bode
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether liraglutide added to treat-to-target insulin improves glycemic control and reduces insulin requirements and body weight in subjects with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A 52-week, double-blind, treat-to-target trial involving 1,398 adults randomized 3:1 to receive once-daily subcutaneous injections of liraglutide (1.8, 1.2, or 0.6 mg) or placebo added to insulin. RESULTS HbA1c level was reduced 0.34–0.54% (3.7–5.9 mmol/mol) from a mean baseline of 8.2% (66 mmol/mol), and significantly more for liraglutide 1.8 and 1.2 mg compared with placebo (estimated treatment differences [ETDs]: 1.8 mg liraglutide −0.20% [95% CI −0.32; −0.07]; 1.2 mg liraglutide −0.15% [95% CI −0.27; −0.03]; 0.6 mg liraglutide −0.09% [95% CI −0.21; 0.03]). Insulin doses were reduced by the addition of liraglutide 1.8 and 1.2 mg versus placebo (estimated treatment ratios: 1.8 mg liraglutide 0.92 [95% CI 0.88; 0.96]; 1.2 mg liraglutide 0.95 [95% CI 0.91; 0.99]; 0.6 mg liraglutide 1.00 [95% CI 0.96; 1.04]). Mean body weight was significantly reduced in all liraglutide groups compared with placebo ETDs (1.8 mg liraglutide −4.9 kg [95% CI −5.7; −4.2]; 1.2 mg liraglutide −3.6 kg [95% CI −4.3; −2.8]; 0.6 mg liraglutide −2.2 kg [95% CI −2.9; −1.5]). The rate of symptomatic hypoglycemia increased in all liraglutide groups (estimated rate ratios: 1.8 mg liraglutide 1.31 [95% CI 1.07; 1.59]; 1.2 mg liraglutide 1.27 [95% CI 1.03; 1.55]; 0.6 mg liraglutide 1.17 [95% CI 0.97; 1.43]), and hyperglycemia with ketosis increased significantly for liraglutide 1.8 mg only (event rate ratio 2.22 [95% CI 1.13; 4.34]). CONCLUSIONS Liraglutide added to insulin therapy reduced HbA1c levels, total insulin dose, and body weight in a population that was generally representative of subjects with type 1 diabetes, accompanied by increased rates of symptomatic hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia with ketosis, thereby limiting clinical use in this group.
Targeted Intravenous Busulfan Combined with Fludarabine (tBuFlu) as Conditioning Prior to Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant: Early Results of Low Treatment Related Mortality.
Authors: Teresa Field, Janelle Perkins, Melissa Alsina, Ernesto Ayala, Karen Fancher, William Janssen, Lia Perez, Daniel Sullivan, Cheryl Tate, Claudio Anasetti
Journal: Blood (2005)
Tuberculosis in London: the convergence of clinical and social complexity
Authors: Charlotte Anderson, Sarah R. Anderson, Helen Maguire, Andrew C. Hayward, Alistair Story
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2016)

In large European cities, the tuberculosis (TB) epidemic is characteristically concentrated in vulnerable and under-served populations [1]. London has the highest number and annual incidence of TB in Europe and implemented routine surveillance on homelessness, drug and alcohol misuse and imprisonment among TB patients in 2009 [2]. This paper describes the clinical, public health and epidemiological characteristics of TB cases and the public health impact of social risk factors including risk of infectiousness, onward transmission, poor treatment adherence and drug resistance. Clinically complex TB among socially vulnerable groups in London exemplifies the challenge of 21st century TB control <http://ow.ly/DUzR302h1mD> We would like to thank London TB clinic staff and patients for providing information to the London TB surveillance system; Find&Treat staff for providing information on patients referred to their service; PHE Field Epidemiology Service team for supporting the London TB surveillance system; PHE National Mycobaterium Reference Laboratory for providing information on culture and drug susceptibility; PHE National Infection Service TB section for linking case reports to laboratory data. Authors’ contributions: Charlotte Anderson carried out the analysis and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. Charlotte Anderson and Alistair Story developed the analysis plan. All authors contributed to interpretation of the findings, drafting of paper, approval for publication and are accountable for the quality and integrity of the work.
Re: Zhihua Lu, Guiting Lin, Amanda Reed-Maldonado, Chunxi Wang, Yung-Chin Lee, Tom F. Lue. Low-intensity Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Improves Erectile Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Eur Urol 2017;71:223–33
Authors: Mikkel Fode, Maarten Albersen
Journal: European Urology (2016)
PWE-079 Characterisation colonic polyps using fice without optical magnification: a new classification system (N.A.C.): Abstract PWE-079 Table 1
Authors: G Longcroft-Wheaton, P Bhandari
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> FICE is a novel method of electronic imaging on fujinon endoscopes which enhances surface and vascular patterns. It can be used to predict histology of colonic polyps. However, there are no validated classification systems for using the technique without magnification. This study aims to validate a novel tool for this purpose. <h3>Methods</h3> The optimum FICE setting was determined in a picture study. Digital photographs were taken of polyps with white light and all 10 FICE settings at 1026×770 resolution. They were reviewed by two endoscopists who scored each image for clarity of the mucosal and vascular patterns on a 3 point scale (0=poor, 3=excellent). A second library was examined to determine the criteria associated with hyperplastic polyps, adenomas and cancer. In each case the true histology was known. A prospective study was then performed to test the identified characteristics in vivo. Finally the criteria were used in a prospective study of polyps&lt;10 mm in size within a screening population. <h3>Results</h3> To determine the optimum FICE setting images of 30 polyps were examined. The Mean Score for the sum of all categories was 232 (SD=12) for assessor 1 and 242 (SD=29) for assessor 2. Setting 4 was superior, with a score 2 SDs above the mean for each assessor (256 and 322). There was no significant difference in scores for the other settings. To determine the N.A.C. criteria images of 67 polyps were examined. Vascularity with white light and FICE, and vascular and surface patterns with FICE were found to be predictive of the true histology. See Abstract PWE-079 table 1. These characteristics were assessed in vivo in 112 polyps&lt;10 mm in size. The results were similar to those obtained in the picture study. The criteria were used as an in vivo diagnostic tool on 299 Polyps &lt;10 mm. An accuracy of 87%, Sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 81% was achieved. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study demonstrates the optimum FICE setting and structural elements of polyps which can be exploited in making an in vivo diagnosis using FICE without magnification, and that they can be applied in a screening population of polyps &lt;10 mm in size. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
A randomized phase III trial of S-1/oxaliplatin (SOX) plus bevacizumab versus 5-FU/l-LV/oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX6) plus bevacizmab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: The SOFT study.
Authors: Daisuke Takahari, Yasuhide Yamada, Hiroshi Matsumoto, Hideo Baba, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Masato Nakamura, Motoki Yoshida, Shigeyoshi Iwamoto, Yasutaka Takinishi, Yuh Sakata, Satoshi Morita, Yasuhiro Shimada, Yoshito Komatsu, Yasutsuna Sasaki, Taroh Satoh, Keiichi Takahashi, Hideyuki Mishima, Kei Muro, Masahiko Watanabe, Kenichi Sugihara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

3519 Background: Several studies of oxaliplatin plus S-1 combination therapy (SOX) conducted in Asia have shown promising efficacy and safety for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), suggesting the potential to replace mFOLFOX6. We performed a randomized phase III trial to determine whether SOX plus bevacizmab (SOX+Bev) is non-inferior to mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizmab (mFOLFOX6+Bev) in terms of progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: The SOFT study was a randomized, open-label, phase III trial. Chemotherapy-naïve patients (pts) with mCRC, an ECOG PS of 0-1, and adequate organ functions were randomized to receive either mFOLFOX6+Bev (5 mg/kg of bevacizumab, followed by 200 mg/m 2 of l-leucovorin given simultaneously with 85 mg/m 2 of oxaliplatin, followed by a 400 mg/m 2 bolus of 5-FU on day 1 and then 2,400 mg/m 2 of 5-FU over 46 h, every 2 weeks) or SOX+Bev (7.5 mg/kg of bevacizumab, 130 mg/m 2 of oxaliplatin on day 1, and 40−60 mg of S-1 twice daily for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest). The primary endpoint was PFS. A sample size of 225 pts per group was estimated to be necessary based on a median PFS of 10.0 months in each group and an 80% power to demonstrate non-inferiority of SOX+Bev with a 2.5-month margin (hazard ratio, HR = 1.33) and a 2-sided alpha of 0.05. Results: A total of 512 pts were enrolled from February 2009 to March 2011. Data were analyzed after confirming &gt;388 events as planned. Demographic factors were well balanced. Pts received a median of 12 cycles (1 cycle = 2 weeks) of mFOLFOX6+Bev and 8 cycles (1 cycle = 3 weeks) of SOX+Bev (range: 1−16). Median PFS was 11.5 months (95% CI: 10.7−13.2) with mFOLFOX6+Bev and 11.7 months (95% CI: 10.7−12.9) with SOX+Bev. The adjusted HR for PFS was 1.043 (95% CI: 0.860−1.266), and the p value for non-inferiority was 0.0139. Response rate was 62.7% with mFOLFOX6+Bev and 61.5% with SOX+Bev. Grade 3/4 toxicities (%) with mFOLFOX6+Bev/SOX+Bev were leukopenia 8.4/2.4, neutropenia 33.7/8.8, anorexia 1.2/5.2, and diarrhea 2.8/9.2. Conclusions: SOX+Bev is non-inferior to mFOLFOX6+Bev with respect to PFS as 1st-line treatment for mCRC and thus can replace mFOLFOX6+Bev. Clinical trial information: JapicCTI-090699.
Hyperexpression of Inflammatory Genes in Placental Tissue in Patients with Hemoglobin SC Disease
Authors: Letí­cia Carvalho Baptista, Kleber Yotsumoto Fertrin, Regiane Ferreira, Carolina Lanaro, Dulcinéia Martins Albuquerque, Fernando Ferreira Costa, Maria Laura Costa, Monica Barbosa Melo
Journal: Blood (2014)
Occupational Health Programs for House Staff Physicians
Authors: John M. Goldenring
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Robert M. Lewy, MD, MPH (1981;245:1432), concerning preemployment examinations for house staff is useful in pointing out how many problems or potential threats to health can be found in this often inadequately evaluated population. However, I am concerned with some of the conclusions that should have been presented more completely but were not discussed. They are as follows: The house staff all had chest x-ray films. This is a young population and as anticipated no unexpected lesions were found. Neither the cost nor exposure to radiation is justified for this group except for those with newly positive PPD test results. All house staff had a 20-factor automated chemical analysis done, but one must presume from the article that only the cholesterol and glucose determinations were of value. In our area, the chemical profile costs $32, while the glucose determination is $5, the
SWITCH TO OTHER NUCLEOS(T)IDE ANALOGUES THERAPY IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS B COHORT ON LONG-TERM DE-NOVO COMBINATION THERAPY WITH LAMIVUDINE PLUS ADEFOVIR: EFFICACY AND SAFETY
Authors: Ivana Carey, Andrea Mendes, Deepak Joshi, Mohammad A. Al-Freah, Sarah Knighton, Sarah A. Hughes, Matthew J. Bruce, Astrid Scalori, Abid Suddle, Phillip M. Harrison, Kosh Agarwal
Journal: Hepatology (2011)
Chemical Treatment of Tumors. IX. Reactions of Mice with Primary Subcutaneous Tumors to Injection of a Hemorrhage-Producing Bacterial Polysaccharide&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M. J. Shear, Adrien Perrault
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1944)

Journal Article Chemical Treatment of Tumors. IX. Reactions of Mice with Primary Subcutaneous Tumors to Injection of a Hemorrhage-Producing Bacterial Polysaccharide Get access M. J. Shear, M. J. Shear principal biochemist National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Adrien Perrault Adrien Perrault National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, United States Public Health Service Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 4, Issue 5, April 1944, Pages 461–476, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/4.5.461 Published: 01 April 1944
Comment on Beltrand et al. Sulfonylurea Therapy Benefits Neurological and Psychomotor Functions in Patients With Neonatal Diabetes Owing to Potassium Channel Mutations. Diabetes Care 2015;38:2033–2041
Authors: Martine Vaxillaire, Amélie Bonnefond, Philippe Froguel
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Beltrand et al. (1) have conducted a prospective single-center clinical study for assessing neurodevelopmental parameters in 18 patients presenting with neonatal diabetes caused by mutations in KCNJ11 or ABCC8 encoding the two ATP-dependent potassium (KATP) channel subunits who were successfully switched from insulin to sulfonylurea (SU) therapy. A standardized normative test battery called NP-MOT (French Neuromotor Functions in Children) performed by a single examiner was used to evaluate the neuromotor functions and developmental parameters before and after 12 months of SU therapy. At the 12-month examination, several patients experienced an improvement or correction of body and visual-spatial motor abnormalities, tone, and attention deficits, with, however, marked differences according to patient age at inclusion. It is well established that the neuromotor clinical abnormalities and patient long-term …
Overnight Extubation in Patients With Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Peter K. Moore, Michael A. Matthay
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
The Novel Aurora Kinase Inhibitor ENMD-2076 Has Potent Single Agent Activity against Multiple Myeloma (MM) in Vitro and in Vivo, and Shows Synergistic Activity in Combination with Lenalidomide
Authors: Xiaojing Wang, Anthony L. Sinn, Attaya Suvannasankha, Colin D. Crean, Li Chen, Shuhong Zhang, Jing Liang, Genglin Zhang, Karen E. Pollok, Rafat Abonour, Carolyn Sidor, Mark R. Bray, Sherif S. Farag
Journal: Blood (2008)
Targeting intracellular signaling pathways in soft tissue sarcoma (STS)
Authors: S. G. Nair, A. Sharma, S. Amin, G. Roberston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10595 Background: We previously presented variable positive immunohistochemical staining of soft tissue sarcoma for the phosphorylated forms of p70S6K (mtor pathway) and ERK (raf pathway)- pASCO 2006, #9577. In order to elucidate best targets for therapeutic inhibition, we are conducting in vitro studies with specific inhibitors of the parallel pathways. We report here initial results with HT1080 fibrosarcoma cell line. Methods: MTS Assay was used to measure surviving cells after treatment with increasing concentrations of inhibitors to establish IC50. Rates of proliferation and apoptosis were compared to control (DMSO). We screened HT1080 to four akt inhibitors- SAHA (HDAC and akt inhibitor), SELSA (selenium derivative of SAHA), novel akt inhibitors phenylbutyl isothiocyanate (PBITC) and phenylbutyl isoselenocyanate (ISC-4), as well as to raf inhibitor sorafenib, and mek inhibitors U0126 and CI 1040. Results: SAHA and SELSA appeared to be most effective at inhibiting HT1080 cell growth (IC50 3–6 micromol and 1–2 micromol respectively). Mek inhibitors were more effective than sorafenib (IC50 5 micromol and 10 micromol). Selenium containing ISC-4 was more effective than sulfur containing PBITC (IC50 11 micromol and 15 micromol), and led to 2–3 fold higher levels of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our data suggest that akt inhibitors SAHA and SELSA inhibit growth of fibrosarcoma HT1080, and that selenium derivatives are worthy of further study. Testing of these inhibitors in other sarcoma cell lines and in combination with m-tor inhibitors in current clinical development are underway and may lead to rational targeted clinical trials for soft tissue sarcoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hypoxia-inducible factors: a central link between inflammation and cancer
Authors: Daniel Triner, Yatrik M. Shah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

The tumor immune response is in a dynamic balance between antitumor mechanisms, which serve to decrease cancer growth, and the protumor inflammatory response, which increases immune tolerance, cell survival, and proliferation. Hypoxia and expression of HIF-1α and HIF-2α are characteristic features of all solid tumors. HIF signaling serves as a major adaptive mechanism in tumor growth in a hypoxic microenvironment. HIFs represent a critical signaling node in the switch to protumorigenic inflammatory responses through recruitment of protumor immune cells and altered immune cell effector functions to suppress antitumor immune responses and promote tumor growth through direct growth-promoting cytokine production, angiogenesis, and ROS production. Modulating HIF function will be an important mechanism to dampen the tumor-promoting inflammatory response and inhibit cancer growth.
Safety of Adding Salmeterol to Fluticasone Propionate in Children with Asthma
Authors: David A. Stempel, Stanley J. Szefler, Søren Pedersen, Robert S. Zeiger, Anne M. Yeakey, Laurie A. Lee, Andrew H. Liu, Herman Mitchell, Kenneth M. Kral, Ibrahim H. Raphiou, Barbara A. Prillaman, Kathleen S. Buaron, Suyong Yun Kirby, Steven J. Pascoe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs) have been shown to increase the risk of asthma-related death among adults and the risk of asthma-related hospitalization among children. It is unknown whether the concomitant use of inhaled glucocorticoids with LABAs mitigates those risks. This trial prospectively evaluated the safety of the LABA salmeterol, added to fluticasone propionate, in a fixed-dose combination in children.We randomly assigned, in a 1:1 ratio, children 4 to 11 years of age who required daily asthma medications and had a history of asthma exacerbations in the previous year to receive fluticasone propionate plus salmeterol or fluticasone alone for 26 weeks. The primary safety end point was the first serious asthma-related event (death, endotracheal intubation, or hospitalization), as assessed in a time-to-event analysis. The statistical design specified that noninferiority would be shown if the upper boundary of the 95% confidence interval of the hazard ratio for the primary safety end point was less than 2.675. The main efficacy end point was the first severe asthma exacerbation that led to treatment with systemic glucocorticoids, as assessed in a time-to-event analysis.Among the 6208 patients, 27 patients in the fluticasone-salmeterol group and 21 in the fluticasone-alone group had a serious asthma-related event (all were hospitalizations); the hazard ratio with fluticasone-salmeterol versus fluticasone alone was 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.73 to 2.27), which showed the noninferiority of fluticasone-salmeterol (P=0.006). A total of 265 patients (8.5%) in the fluticasone-salmeterol group and 309 (10.0%) in the fluticasone-alone group had a severe asthma exacerbation (hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.73 to 1.01).In this trial involving children with asthma, salmeterol in a fixed-dose combination with fluticasone was associated with the risk of a serious asthma-related event that was similar to the risk with fluticasone alone. (Funded by GlaxoSmithKline; VESTRI ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01462344 .).
Only married heterosexual Indian couples will be allowed to use surrogate mothers under proposed new law
Authors: Sophie Cousins
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A bill in India proposing a complete ban on commercial surrogacy and allowing only legally wedded Indian couples to opt for children through surrogacy has been approved by the government in an attempt to curb exploitation of women.

The Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill seeks a ban on gay people, foreigners (including people of Indian origin), single parents, and live-in partners from having children through a surrogate.

The bill, which was approved by the Indian cabinet and will be discussed in parliament in the …
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Nicolaj C. Hansson, Erik L. Grove, Henning R. Andersen, Jonathon Leipsic, Ole N. Mathiassen, Jesper M. Jensen, Kaare T. Jensen, Philipp Blanke, Tina Leetmaa, Mariann Tang, Lars R. Krusell, Kaj E. Klaaborg, Evald H. Christiansen, Kim Terp, Christian J. Terkelsen, Steen H. Poulsen, John Webb, Hans Erik Bøtker, Bjarne L. Nørgaard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Marie Stopes abortion services suspended after safety concerns
Authors: Gareth Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Hundreds of women seeking abortions in England will have their care diverted to other clinics, after services run by Marie Stopes International were suspended because of safety concerns.

The suspension was imposed on Friday 19 August after the Care Quality Commission (CQC) raised concerns about the provider’s corporate and clinical governance arrangements and patient safety protocols in specific areas, after inspections of its services and corporate headquarters.

Marie Stopes International subsequently agreed to suspend all pregnancy termination services for women aged under 18 and vulnerable groups of women; all terminations under general anaesthetic or conscious sedation; and all surgical terminations at one of its centres in Norwich. The suspensions will hold until it can assure the CQC that patients will be …
The role of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in rosacea: A 3-year follow-up
Authors: Francesco Drago, Elena De Col, Arianna Fay Agnoletti, Irene Schiavetti, Vincenzo Savarino, Alfredo Rebora, Stefania Paolino, Emenuele Cozzani, Aurora Parodi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2016)
Dose-dense FEC followed by docetaxel versus docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide as adjuvant chemotherapy in women with HER2-negative, axillary lymph node-positive early breast cancer: a multicenter randomized study by the Hellenic Oncology Research Group (HORG)
Authors: D. Mavroudis, A. Matikas, N. Malamos, P. Papakotoulas, S. Kakolyris, I. Boukovinas, A. Athanasiadis, N. Kentepozidis, N. Ziras, P. Katsaounis, E. Saloustros, V. Georgoulias
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)