tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Glimpse into the future: harnessing autophagy to promote anti-tumor immunity with the DRibbles vaccine
Authors: David B. Page, Tyler W. Hulett, Traci L. Hilton, Hong-Ming Hu, Walter J. Urba, Bernard A. Fox
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2016)

Because the benefits of immune checkpoint blockade may be restricted to tumors with pre-existing immune recognition, novel therapies that facilitate de novo immune activation are needed. DRibbles is a novel multi-valent vaccine that is created by disrupting degradation of intracellular proteins by the ubiquitin proteasome system. The DRibbles vaccine is comprised of autophagosome vesicles that are enriched with defective ribosomal products and short-lived proteins, known tumor-associated antigens, mediators of innate immunity, and surface markers that encourage phagocytosis and cross-presentation by antigen presenting cells. Here we summarize the rationale and preclinical development of DRibbles, translational evidence in support of DRibbles as a therapeutic strategy in humans, as well as recent developments and expected future directions of the DRibbles vaccine in the clinic.
Sex-Related Resistance in Hamsters to Adenovirus-12 Oncogenesis. IV. Gonadal Hormone Influences&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: David S. Yohn, Clare A. Funk
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

A significantly (P = <0.01) higher incidence (17–20%) of tumors was induced in normal female than in male inbred Syrian hamsters, strain PD-4. In contrast, tumor incidence in hamsters gonadectomized at 1 week of age was virtually identical in both sexes, and in those gonadectomized at 3 weeks of age the difference in tumor incidence between sexes was not significant (P = 0.4). Ovariectomy consistently lowered tumor incidence by 10–18%, while the effects of castration of males varied from an 8% increase to a 7% decrease in tumor incidence. Estradiol, administered biweekly at a 0.5 mg dose, significantly (P = <0.01 ) increased tumor incidence (14%) in normal males, but was without detectable effect in normal females. A lesser dose of estradiol, 0.05 mg, also increased tumor incidence, by 8–9%, in normal and castrated males and in ovariectomized females, but not in normal females. The latter increases were of borderline statistical significance (P = 0.25). Up to 5.0 mg of testosterone given biweekly to normal hamsters and 0.5 mg given weekly to gonadectomized hamsters did not affect tumor responses. The data are consistent with the concept that adenovirus-12 oncogenesis in the Syrian hamster is enhanced by estrogens.
Prostate brachytherapy: importance of technique.
Authors: J C Blasko, H Ragde, P D Grimm, W Cavanagh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1996.14.6.1965 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8656270 Prostate brachytherapy: importance of technique. J C BlaskoxJ C BlaskoSearch for articles by this author , H RagdexH RagdeSearch for articles by this author , P D GrimmxP D GrimmSearch for articles by this author , W CavanaghxW CavanaghSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1996.14.6.1965 PDF "Prostate brachytherapy: importance of technique.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 14(6), pp. 1965–1967© 1996 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Spending on mental health brings good return on investment, study finds
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Every $1 (£0.70; €0.88) spent on scaling up treatments for depression and anxiety leads to a return of $4 in terms of better health and ability to work, a study has found.1

The study, published in the Lancet Psychiatry , was carried out by World Health Organization researchers in Geneva, Switzerland, along with researchers from Australia and the Netherlands. It modelled the costs and benefits of increasing treatments for depression and anxiety disorders in 36 low, middle, and high income countries from 2016 until 2030.

The estimated costs of scaling up treatment, primarily psychosocial counselling and antidepressant drugs, amounted to $147bn. This would yield a 5% improvement in participation in the workforce and productivity, valued at …
Departments of Medicine — 1973
Authors: Robert G. Petersdorf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Abstract During the review of four departments of medicine, certain common problems that these departments face were recognized. These included a major increase in teaching load, primarily owing to curricular revisions, a dispersion of house staff through several affiliated hospitals, and a lack of time or resources to make meaningful commitments to continuing education. Simultaneously, there was an increasing demand to provide personalized service, and a schizophrenia concerning the department's mission to tertiary subspecialty-oriented medicine as opposed to primary or general medicine. The size of departments of medicine leads to certain organizational difficulties and gaps in communication. Although the chairman continues to have a central role in the department, his job is becoming progressively more difficult. Tenure, financial support and relations with affiliated hospitals, the dean and the university all pose interesting challenges. The major issue confronting departments of medicine is a solutio...
Interpretation of the One-Stage Method for Determining Prothrombin Time
Authors: Armand J. Quick, Clara V. Hussey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE clinical usefulness of the one-stage prothrombin-time method has long been recognized and acknowledged, but opinions concerning the interpretation of the results remain divergent. No general agreement has been reached whether the test can specifically determine the prothrombin concentration of the blood. A study was made to obtain additional data that might aid in evaluating the results of this test. The procedures used in this investigation have been described previously.1 Variation of the Prothrombin Time in ManThe one-stage method was carried out on several hundred subjects to find the limits of variation in nonhypoprothrombinemic states. As representative samples, the . . .
Outbreak of Salmonella serovar Stanley infections in Switzerland linked to locally produced soft cheese, September 2006 – February 2007
Authors: R Pastore, H Schmid, E Altpeter, A Baumgartner, H Hächler, R Imhof, P Sudre, K Boubaker
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

Salmonella serovar Stanley is rare in Europe. In Switzerland, the number of reported isolates has increased from 2 in 2000 to 25 in 2005. A nationwide outbreak of gastrointestinal illness due to S. Stanley occurred from September 2006 through February 2007. Eighty-two cases were documented. Males were 56%; mean age of the cases was 45.7 years (range 0-92). Forty-seven cases (57%) occurred in three western cantons: Vaud, Bern, and Geneva. Twenty-three cases (28%) were hospitalised. In the case-control study conducted to find the source of the outbreak, cases were more likely than controls to have eaten local soft cheese (OR 11.4, p=0.008). One clone of S. Stanley strain was isolated from soft cheese and from 77 cases (94%) who reported no history of having travelled abroad. The outbreak ended after the withdrawal of the cheese from the market. This is the first S. Stanley outbreak in Switzerland and the first in Europe unrelated to imported products, suggesting an increased local circulation of this previously rare serotype.
Peritoneovenous Shunting as Compared with Medical Treatment in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis and Massive Ascites
Authors: M M Stanley, S Ochi, K K Lee, B A Nemchausky, H B Greenlee, J I Allen, M J Allen, R A Baum, T R Gadacz, D S Camara
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The optimal management of severe ascites in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis has not been defined. in a 5 1/2-year study, we randomly assigned 299 men with alcoholic cirrhosis, who had persistent or recurrent severe ascites despite a standard medical regimen, to receive either intensive medical treatment or peritoneovenous (LeVeen) shunting. We identified three risk groups: Group 1 had normal or mildly abnormal results on liver-function tests, Group 2 had more severe liver dysfunction or previous complications, and Group 3 had severe prerenal azotemia without kidney disease. For the patients who received the medical treatment and those who received the surgical treatment combined, the median survival times were 1093 days in Group 1, 222 days in Group 2, and 37 days in Group 3 (P less than or equal to 0.01) for all comparisons). For all the groups combined, the median time to the resolution of ascites was 5.4 weeks for medical patients and 3.0 weeks for surgical patients (P less than 0.01). Within each risk group, mortality during the initial hospitalization and median long-term survival were similar among patients receiving either treatment. However, the median time to the recurrence of ascites in Group 1 was 4 months in medical patients, as compared with 18 months in surgical patients (P = 0.01); in Group 2 it was 3 months in medical patients as compared with 12 months in surgical patients (P = 0.04). The median duration of hospitalization was longer in medical patients than in surgical patients (6.1 vs. 2.4 weeks in Group 1 [P less than 0.001] and 5.0 vs. 3.1 weeks in Group 2 [P less than 0.01]). Group 3 was too small to permit a meaningful comparison. During the initial hospitalization, the incidence of infections, gastrointestinal bleeding, and encephalopathy was similar among the medical and surgical patients. We conclude that peritoneovenous shunting alleviated disabling ascites more rapidly than medical management. However, survival was closely related to the severity of the illness at the time of randomization and was not altered by shunting.
P182 Prophylactic doxycycline following Indwelling Pleural Catheter insertion for malignant pleural effusions
Authors: E Nuttall, H Balata, M Al-Aloul, M Evison, J Holme
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The insertion of indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) allows outpatient based management of malignant pleural effusions. This group of patients frequently require chemotherapy and there is concern over infection rates from IPCs which has the potential to delay or prevent such treatment. The infection rate was reported as 10% in a prospective trial of IPCs. In our tertiary pleural service we have elected to routinely prescribe 7 days doxycycline 100 mg once daily following IPC insertion. This study examined our infection rates using this practice. <h3>Method</h3> Data was collected from a tertiary respiratory and pleural service. Prospective data is collected on all patients undergoing IPC insertion at UHSM. Immediate post-procedure data is collected and a further clinical and case-note review undertaken at 6 months. Pre-defined immediate (post-procedure), early (30 days) complications are recorded. Infection is defined as the prescription of antibiotics (oral or intravenous) for suspected or confirmed pleural infection or drain-site cellulitis. This study is a retrospective review of the prospectively maintained database. To ensure six months of follow-up data for all patients the analysis was restricted to patients undergoing IPC insertion prior to 31/12/2014. <h3>Results</h3> 62 patients with complete datasets underwent IPC insertion between 01/01/2013 and 31/12/2014. All patients received 7 days of prophylactic doxycycline at a dose of 100 mg OD. One patient (1.6%) suffered drain site cellulitis requiring antibiotics within 30 days of insertion. There were two cases (3.2%) of pleural infection treated with antibiotics (both within 30 days of insertion and required intravenous antibiotics and admission). In these cases the IPCs were not removed but it did fall out in one case where the patient developed delirium with infection. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The infection rate in this prospectively collected data is lower than rates reported in large prospective randomised controlled clinical trials. This may suggest a benefit from the routine use of prophylactic antibiotics. A randomised controlled trial of prophylactic antibiotics versus no antibiotics following IPC insertion may be warranted.
Effect of Plasma-Volume Expansion on Portal Hypertension
Authors: J. L. Boyer, C. Chatterjee, F. L. Iber, A. K. Basu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE expansion of blood volume in patients with portal hypertension occasionally precipitates hemorrhage from esophageal varices.1 2 3 4 The increased blood volume is believed to result in distention of the splanchnic venous circulation, thereby increasing portal pressure and producing hemorrhage. Previous studies have demonstrated a relation between plasma-volume expansion and portal-pressuree elevations in patients with ascites and portal hypertension.5 6 It is not known if this reduced capacity for splanchnic-bed expansion is a property of all patients with obstruction to splanchnic blood flow or if it represents a restriction in blood-volume redistribution that is unique to patients forming ascites.This study was undertaken . . .
Intracellular Expression of Fluorochrome Labelled-Diamine Oxidase in Basophils: A Novel Diagnostic Tool for Peanut Allergy
Authors: Yasmin R. Mohseni, Paul J. Turner, Robert J. Boyle, Andrew Clark, Abigail O. Robb, Stephen R. Durham, Mohamed H. Shamji
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Case 37-1996
Authors: John W. Gittinger, E. Tessa Hedley-Whyte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Presentation of CaseA 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of visual “instability” and an intracranial mass.The patient was an accountant. He had been well until six years earlier, when he began to have difficulty fixating on the proper line when reading pages with columns of figures. The problem was bilateral but appeared to be worse in the left eye. Five years before admission, he noticed a progressive loss of vision in the left eye. Two years later, he experienced anosmia and had urinary frequency and urgency, with nocturia five times nightly. Several days before admission to . . .
Varicella and Herpes Zoster
Authors: Thomas H. Weller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

THE spectrum of common contagious diseases of childhood in the United States has changed dramatically over the past 25 years. After cultivation of the viruses causing poliomyelitis, rubella, and mumps, effective vaccines rapidly became available. Varicella, however, remains uncontrolled, even though the etiologic agent was isolated 30 years ago.1 Cultural and serologic studies at that time provided firm support for the hypothesis that the etiologic agents of varicella and zoster are identical, and the agent was termed varicella–zoster virus.2 3 4 Earlier, Garland,5 a pediatrician and a distinguished editor of the Journal, had suggested that clinical zoster reflects the activation of . . .
Long-Term Follow-up of the French 1 Stop Imatinib Study (STIM1) in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients
Authors: Gabriel Etienne, Delphine Rea, Joelle Guilhot, Francois Guilhot, Françoise Huguet, Laurence Legros, Franck E. Nicolini, Aude Charbonnier, Agnes Guerci, Bruno R. Varet, Philippe Rousselot, Francois Xavier Mahon
Journal: Blood (2015)
Antigenic Phenotype of NIH 3T3 Cell Line
Authors: D Ivanyi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The antigenic phenotype of the NIH 3T3 cell line was examined by use of a panel of monoclonal antibodies and alloantisera specific for H-2 and several non-H-2 antigens. The binding of antibodies to cell surface antigens was examined by a complement-dependent microcytotoxicity test and indirect immunofluorescence quantitated by flow cytometry. The phenotype of the tested NIH 3T3 cell line was H-2q, Qa-2, Ly-6.2, Thy-1.2, Ly-23.2, and 9F 3+. The expression of H-2 antigens (Kq, Dq/Lq) was lower than that in the T-lymphocytes of the B10.Q (H-2q) strain, and the expression of Qa-2 was very low. From the Ly-6 complex, the antigen Ly-m6.2A was strongly expressed, while Ly-m.6B, Ly-m.6C, and antigens ThB and H9/25 were not detected. A monoclonal antibody specific for the nonpolymorphic antigen 9F 3 brightly stained 100% of NIH 3T3 cells. Inasmuch as the NIH 3T3 immortalized cell line was developed from outbred NIH Swiss mice, a syngeneic recipient for this cell line does not exist. However, on the basis of the determined antigenic phenotype the host most compatible to NIH 3T3 cells can be selected for in vivo experiments, where an immunocompetent recipient is required. Two inbred mouse strains identical with NIH 3T3 cells in the antigens examined in this study, B10.Q and DBA/1, are of potential use for transplantation with NIH 3T3 cells.
Persistent Paralysis in Critically Ill Patients after Long-Term Administration of Vecuronium
Authors: Veronica Segredo, James E. Caldwell, Michael A. Matthay, Manohar L. Sharma, Larry D. Gruenke, Ronald D. Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The muscle relaxant vecuronium is sometimes administered to facilitate mechanical ventilation. Neuromuscular paralysis lasting up to seven days may occur after the termination of long-term administration (i.e., more than two days) of vecuronium in critically ill patients. We investigated the role of clinical factors and plasma concentrations of vecuronium and its metabolite in causing this prolonged neuromuscular blockade.
MPTH-12ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE MUTANT DIFFUSE GLIOMAS GRADES II AND III ARE RADIOLOGICAL INDISTINGUISHABLE AND UNDERLIE ONLY MOLECULAR ALTERATIONS
Authors: Tareq Juratli, Dirk Daubner, Christian Thiede, Jana Cerhova, Kay Engellandt, Gabriele Schackert, Dietmar Krex
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

OBJECTIVES: There has recently been increasing evidence that IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas WHO grades II and III – which are still graded based upon light microscopical criteria – share many clinical similarities. Here, we sought to determine whether IDH-mutant diffuse gliomas grades II/III have similar radiological presentations in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: Clinical and radiological data of 79 patients; 40 patients with an glioma WHO grade II and 39 patients with glioma WHO grade III were collected. Sequencing of IDH1 codon 132, IDH2 codon 172 as well as of the TERT-promoter (C146 and C160) was performed. Moreover, The 1p/19q-co deletion status was determined in gliomas harboring oligodendroglial components (n = 32). Using immunohistochemistry, the MIB-1 index and the p53 over-expression status were detected. All molecular data were correlated to the tumor features on MRI before treatment. RESULTS: IDH mutations were present in 63 patients (79.7%; in 34 patients with grade II and 29 patients with grade III gliomas, respectively). TERT mutations were detected in 36% and a co-deleted 1p/19q status in 31% of the entire group. Both groups of glioma grades with an IDH mutation depicted similar radiological features – in regard to tumor size, tumor localization, insular involvement, contrast enhancement, local and/or bilateral infiltration pattern, midline shifting and diffusion restriction – without any significant differences. IDH-mutant gliomas with TERT mutations and/or 1p/19q co-deletion were predominantly located in the frontal lobe and did not cross the midline nor involve insular structures, making a gross total resection more amenable. A high MIB-1-index and a p53 over-expression were associated with a bigger tumor size and bilateral infiltration of the hemispheres. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis implicates that IDH-mutant gliomas WHO grades II and III are MR-radiologically indistinguishable. We further elucidate that the clinical behavior of diffuse gliomas more likely underlines molecular alterations than the pathological subclasses.
Association of the California Tobacco Control Program with Declines in Cigarette Consumption and Mortality from Heart Disease
Authors: Caroline M. Fichtenberg, Stanton A. Glantz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The California Tobacco Control Program, a large, aggressive antitobacco program implemented in 1989 and funded by a voter-enacted cigarette surtax, accelerated the decline in cigarette consumption and in the prevalence of smoking in California. Since the excess risk of heart disease falls rapidly after the cessation of smoking, we tested the hypothesis that this program was associated with lower rates of death from heart disease.Data on per capita cigarette consumption and age-adjusted rates of death from heart disease in California and the United States from 1980 to 1997 were fitted in multiple regression analyses. The regression analyses included the rates in the rest of the United States and variables that allowed for changes in the rates after 1988, when the tobacco-control program was approved, and after 1992, when the program was cut back.Between 1989 and 1992, the rates of decline in per capita cigarette consumption and mortality from heart disease in California, relative to the rest of the United States, were significantly greater than the pre-1989 rates, by 2.72 packs per year per year (P = 0.001) and by 2.93 deaths per year per 100,000 population per year (P<0.001). These rates of decline were reduced (by 2.05 packs per year per year, [P=0.04], and by 1.71 deaths per year per 100,000 population per year, [P=0.031) when the program was cut back, beginning in 1992. Despite these problems, the program was associated with 33,300 fewer deaths from heart disease between 1989 and 1997 than the number that would have been expected if the earlier trend in mortality from heart disease in California relative to the rest of the United States had continued. The diminished effectiveness of the program after 1992 was associated with 8300 more deaths than would have been expected had its initial effectiveness been maintained.A large and aggressive tobacco-control program is associated with a reduction in deaths from heart disease in the short run.
Ticagrelor Improves Peripheral Arterial Function in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients
Authors: Julien Fromonot, Françoise Dignat-Georges, Pascal Rossi, Giovanna Mottola, Nathalie Kipson, Jean Ruf, Laurent Bonello, Régis Guieu, Franck Paganelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Acute and Chronic Jejunogastric Intussusception
Authors: William S. Caudell, C. Marshall Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

RECOGNIZED cases of jejunogastric intussusception are relatively infrequent, and those proved at operation or autopsy are even more unusual. We have been able to find 98 articles on the subject, of which 21 are in the German literature, 15 are in British journals, 26 are in American publications, and 36 are from various countries including Russia, South America, France and Italy. Kopp1 collected 16 cases in 1925; Aleman2 assembled 70 cases in 1948; and in 1954 Palmer3 compiled a bibliography of 79 titles dealing with this subject. The 19 additional articles that we have found are both old and recent. . . .
DSM-III in residency training: results of a national survey
Authors: J B Williams, R L Spitzer, A E Skodol
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors surveyed directors of residency training to determine the extent to which DSM-III has been integrated into American psychiatric residency training programs, how this has been accomplished, and the directors' assessments of certain effects of DSM-III on residency training. Ninety-seven percent (N = 208) responded to the questionnaire. Results indicated that DSM-III has had a major impact on residency training in the United States. Although the effects of DSM-III were judged to be largely positive--for example, offering a common language for diagnostic discussions--certain negative effects, such as promoting a mechanistic "cookbook" approach to assessing patients, were reported.