tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Further Electron Microscopic Studies on the Morphology of the Moloney Agent
Authors: Albert J. Dalton, Françoise Haguenau, John B. Moloney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

By a method combining cryostat sectioning and negative staining, introduced by Almeida and Howatson, cell fragments from the bone marrow of rats with leukemia induced with the Moloney agent were studied with the electron microscope. Virus particles in various stages of maturation and some possessing tails were observed in association with thinly spread fragments of cytoplasm, presumably from megakaryocytes. Phosphotungstate was found to have penetrated into certain particles with resultant visualization of the intermediate membrane and nucleoid. These particles did not possess tails. Some particles that evidenced no penetration of phosphotungstate were also without tails, but the majority possessed the stout, straight tails considered characteristic of the mature form of this virus. These stages in maturation were related to comparable particles in thin sections of megakaryocytes and plasma pellets from leukemic mice and rats. In megakaryocytes all stages in the maturation of particles from early buds with incomplete nucleoids to particles with electron-dense nucleoids and long, straight tails were identified. The evidence to date would appear to support the view that the tails are not artifact but are a real and possibly distinctive feature of this group of viruses. It is suggested that there is a close morphologic similarity between the members of this family of viruses.
Case 49-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Samuel Hellman, John C. Long
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of CaseA 26-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a pericardial effusion.She was well until six years previously, when cough and fever developed and subsided. Three months thereafter she noticed that the ingestion of alcohol was followed in five to 10 minutes by a sudden, severe pain in the neck and shoulders. Six months later a respiratory-tract infection occurred, with a cough that persisted, and she continued to have pain, sometimes associated with vomiting, after consuming alcohol. Five years before entry she consulted a physician, and an x-ray film of the chest revealed hilar lymphadenopathy. . . .
Acute Aseptic Myocarditis and Meningoencephalitis in the Newborn Child Infected with Coxsackie Virus Group B, Type 3
Authors: Sidney Kibrick, Kurt Benirschke
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THIS paper presents evidence for intra-uterine infection with a Coxsackie virus Group B, Type 3, in an infant in whom acute myocarditis and meningoencephalitis developed. The infant was delivered by cesarean section and died seven days later. The virus was recovered post mortem from the thoracic spinal cord. The clinical history, along with pertinent pathological and virologic findings, is presented, with a discussion of their significance.Case ReportThe patient's mother, a 37-year-old para III, gravida IV, was well until the 38th week of pregnancy, when an upper respiratory infection characterized by coryza, sneezing and malaise developed. The temperature was . . .
Reform said or done? The case of Emilia-Romagna within the Italian psychiatric context
Authors: A Fioritti, L Lo Russo, V Melega
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors sought to evaluate how the services required by the Italian Psychiatric Reform of 1978 were implemented in Emilia-Romagna, a region of 4 million inhabitants in Northern Italy.All psychiatric facilities were monitored from 1978 to 1994 to determine the number and rates of admissions, average duration of stay, average intake, and percent of beds occupied at inpatient facilities as well as the number of patients residing in former mental hospitals and the number and rates of first contacts with mental health community centers.Three mental hospitals out of nine were closed during the period, and the number of patients who resided in mental hospitals declined from 4,798 to 655. By 1994, there were 145 community centers, 48 day treatment centers, 12 general hospital psychiatric wards, three university psychiatric clinics, seven private psychiatric clinics, 24 psychiatric residences, and 123 supervised apartments that were operating as alternatives to asylums. The overall rate of inpatient admissions remained stable, but compulsory admissions gradually decreased by 35% throughout the period. First contacts at outpatient centers increased by 17.9% from 1984 to 1991.The shift from a hospital-based to a community-based psychiatric system of care, as foreseen by the Italian psychiatric reform, seems feasible. Some general political, administrative, and social backup conditions appear crucial to ensure the good outcome of this process.
Fulminant Hepatitis Associated with Hepatitis A Virus Superinfection in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Sandro Vento, Tiziana Garofano, Carlo Renzini, Francesca Cainelli, Ferruccio Casali, Giancarlo Ghironzi, Teresa Ferraro, Ercole Concia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection rarely causes fulminant hepatic failure in people with no underlying liver disease. There are limited data on the course of this infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C.We prospectively followed, from June 1990 to July 1997, 595 adults with biochemical and histologic evidence of chronic hepatitis B (163 patients) or chronic hepatitis C (432 patients) who were seronegative for HAV antibodies. All were tested every four months for serum IgM and IgG antibodies to HAV.Twenty-seven patients acquired HAV superinfection, 10 of whom had chronic hepatitis B and 17 of whom had chronic hepatitis C. One of the patients with chronic hepatitis B, who also had cirrhosis, had marked cholestasis (peak serum bilirubin level, 28 mg per deciliter [479 micromol per liter]); the other nine had uncomplicated courses of hepatitis A. Fulminant hepatic failure developed in seven of the patients with chronic hepatitis C, all but one of whom died. The other 10 patients with chronic hepatitis C had uncomplicated courses of hepatitis A.Although most patients with chronic hepatitis B who acquired HAV infection had an uncomplicated course, patients with chronic hepatitis C had a substantial risk of fulminant hepatitis and death associated with HAV superinfection. Our data suggest that patients with chronic hepatitis C should be vaccinated against hepatitis A.
The Relation of Vascular Disease to the Hypertensive State
Authors: Benjamin Castleman, Reginald H. Smithwick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IN APRIL, 1943, the anatomic findings observed in renal biopsies removed from 100 hypertensive patients subjected to bilateral dorsolumbar sympathectomy were reported.1 The biopsies were graded according to the severity of the vascular disease without knowledge of any clinical data about the patient, and it was found that there were enough differences in the degree of vascular disease to classify the group into five grades of advancing severity (Grades 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4). In this first series 7 per cent of cases were Grade 0, 21 per cent Grade 1, and 25 per cent Grade 2 — that . . .
Congenital Absence of the Corpus Callosum
Authors: Ursula T. Slager, Alma B. Kelly, John A. Wagner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

CONGENITAL absence of the corpus callosum has been recognized since 1812, when Reil made the first report. Since then, 123 anatomically proved cases have been recorded. Forty-seven more are reported to have been diagnosed by pneumoencephalography without anatomic proof. Of these 170 cases, only 23, all diagnosed at autopsy, are asymptomatic.Arguments and theories about the function and significance of the corpus callosum have been based on evidence provided by such cases of congenital absence, as well as on cases of destruction of the corpus callosum by encephalomalacia, neoplasm, hemorrhage or operative intervention. Some authors believe in the existence of . . .
Comparison of Grass Pollen Levels in 5 Cities of Argentina
Authors: German D. Ramon, Nadia Arango, Laura B. Barrionuevo, Maria S. Reyes, Maximo Adamo, Olga Molina, Gustavo Serrano, Pablo Fasano, Anahi M. Mendes, Vilma I. Villafañe, Adrian M. Kahn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Mortality among Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis Not Given X-Ray Therapy
Authors: Edward P. Radford, Richard Doll, P. G. Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We investigated age-specific mortality rates of 836 patients with ankylosing spondylitis diagnosed during 1935–57. These patients were not given deep x-ray therapy, and thus their mortality was not confounded by possible late effects of radiation. Follow-up observation was to January 1, 1968 — on the average, over 13 years from enrollment. Men had higher mortality than women; excess mortality was observed in men for diseases known to be associated with spondylitis, such as ulcerative colitis, nephritis and tuberculosis or other respiratory disease. In addition, their mortality risk relative to the general male population was fourfold for all gastrointestinal disease, nearly twofold for accidents, suicide and cerebrovascular disease and 40 per cent in excess for other circulatory diseases. These results indicate that, at least in men, ankylosing spondylitis has life-threatening consequences related to many organ systems, consistent with systemic vascular degeneration as one long-term consequence of the disease. (N Engl J Med 297:572–576, 1977)
The volume-staffing-outcome relationship: A population-based study of moderate-risk cancer surgery
Authors: L. S. Elting, C. Cooksley, C. Pettaway, B. N. Bekele, E. B. C. Avritscher, H. B. Grossman, P. Mansfield, C. P. N. Dinney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

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Kaposi's Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus-Like DNA Sequences in AIDS-Related Body-Cavity–Based Lymphomas
Authors: Ethel Cesarman, Yuan Chang, Patrick S. Moore, Jonathan W. Said, Daniel M. Knowles
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

DNA fragments that appeared to belong to an unidentified human herpesvirus were recently found in more than 90 percent of Kaposi's sarcoma lesions associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These fragments were also found in 6 of 39 tissue samples without Kaposi's sarcoma, including 3 malignant lymphomas, from patients with AIDS, but not in samples from patients without AIDS.
An Accurate Method for Rapid Blood Grouping of Large Numbers of People
Authors: Fred H. Allen, Louis K. Diamond, Helen J. Madden
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

THE rebirth of interest in civil-defense measures, with particular concern for protection against injury by bombing, has pointed up the immediate need for mass blood typing, since the administration of blood may be the chief therapeutic measure used after an atomic disaster. In such programs the obvious need is for blood grouping and typing methods that will permit millions of tests to be performed by technicians of ordinary ability with a high degree of accuracy, in a reasonable time.In the orderly and rather leisurely practice of laboratory medicine, the blood-grouping technic preferred by most experts employs small test tubes, . . .
A comparison of continuation versus late intensification followed by discontinuation of chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. A prospective randomized trial of the Italian Oncology Group for Clinical Research (G.O.I.R.C.)
Authors: G Cocconi, G Bisagni, M Bacchi, F Buzzi, R Canaletti, A Carpi, G Ceci, A Colozza, V De Lisi, R Lottici
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1990)
Abstract 1901: Dual-source Ct In Non-invasive Coronary Artery Angiography: Effect Of Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability And Calcification On Image Quality And Diagnostic Accuracy In An Unselected Patient Population
Authors: Christof Burgstahler, Harald Brodoefel, Anja Reimann, Ilias Tsiflikas, Martin Heuschmid, Ines Uysal, Diana Wurster, Ellen Haeberle, Andreas F Kopp, Stephen Schroeder
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess DSCT for evaluation of coronary artery disease in an unselected patient population. Impact of heart rate, heart rate variability and calcification on image quality and diagnostic accuracy were, thereby, considered. Subjects and Methods: 100 consecutive patients with known or suspected CAD underwent DSCT and invasive coronary angiography. Image quality (IQ) was assessed using a 4-point scale (1: excellent; 4: non-diagnostic). Accuracy of DSCT in detection or exclusion of significant stenosis (&gt;50%) was evaluated on a per-segment and per-patient level. Effects of heart rate, heart rate variability and calcification on IQ and accuracy were analyzed by multivariate regression and between subgroups of predictor variables. Simple regression was performed to calculate thresholds for adequate IQ. Results: Average heart rate was 64.9± 13.2 bpm, mean variability 23.6± 36.2 beats per CT-examination and mean Agatston score 786.5± 965.9. Diagnostic image quality was obtained in 90.2% of segments. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for the presence of significant stenosis was: by segment 91.1%, 92.0%, 75.4% and 97.5%; by patient 100%, 81.5%, 93.6% and 100%. According to multivariate regression, IQ was significantly related to heart rate variability and calcification (P=0.025; P&lt;0.0001); number of non-diagnostic segments was significantly affected by calcification only. Also, in a multivariate regression, calcification was the single factor with significant impact on diagnostic accuracy (P=0.0003). Conclusion: Whilst DSCT achieves heart rate independent image quality, the latter remains prone to heart rate variability and calcification. In an unselected patient collective, calcium burden proves to be the single determinant of diagnostic accuracy.
Physical Properties of the Lungs in Giant Cysts
Authors: John A. Pierce, James H. Growdon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE purpose of this report is to describe a young man with giant cysts of the lungs who presented a near terminal phase of chronic pulmonary insufficiency and cor pulmonale. The case is unusual because bilateral excisional surgery relieved all the symptoms and reversed the physiologic abnormalities. Detailed studies of lung function and the physical properties of the lungs were carried out before and after operation. The findings to be presented illustrate an example of giant cysts and document the changes effected by surgery.Case ReportL.T. (U.A.M.C. 161421), a 28-year-old man, was first admitted to the hospital on January . . .
Firearm Regulations and Rates of Suicide
Authors: John Henry Sloan, Frederick P. Rivara, Donald T. Reay, James A.J. Ferris, Arthur L. Kellermann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

To investigate a possible association between firearm regulations and suicide, we compared the incidence of suicide from 1985 through 1987 in King County, Washington, with that in the Vancouver metropolitan area, British Columbia, where firearm regulations are more restrictive.
Diabetes Mellitus and Liver Function
Authors: Robert F. Bradley, Uffe Sagild, Fredy E. Schertenleib
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

CLINICAL observation of many diabetic patients has in recent years failed to reveal a significant incidence of liver disease in the uncomplicated case. This experience has been well summarized by Joslin et al.1: "... in a patient with well-controlled diabetes... who is receiving a completely adequate diet and who is free from complications which apart from diabetes might affect liver function, one may anticipate that the results of liver function tests will agree closely with those of a control group of non-diabetic individuals." Similar conclusions have been expressed by others on the basis of multiple liver-function tests2 , 3 and by . . .
S0413: A phase II SWOG study of GW572016 (lapatinib) as first line therapy in patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer
Authors: S. Iqbal, B. Goldman, H. J. Lenz, C. M. Fenoglio-Preiser, C. D. Blanke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4621 Background: GW572016 is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor of EGFR and HER2/ErbB2. Overexpression of EGFR and ErbB2 has been described in 15 to 45% of gastric cancer, making this a potential target in advanced/metastatic tumors. Methods: The primary objective of this study was to assess the response rate (confirmed complete (CR) and partial responses (PR)). Secondary objectives included time to treatment failure (TTF), overall survival (OS), toxicities and the relationship of EGFR, ErbB2, and markers of angiogenesis with clinical outcome in patients treated with GW572016. A two-stage design was used to detect a difference in the null hypothesis of 5% response probability and the alternative 20% response probability. If at least one response occurred after the first 20 pts, another 20 were to be accrued. GW572016 was administered to chemonaiive metastatic gastric cancer patients at a dose of 1,500 mg orally daily. A cycle was defined as 28 days of therapy, and patients were staged after 2 cycles of treatment. Results: The study met its first stage goal, and continued until full accrual. The study accrued 47 pts from February 2005 until May 2006. Two patients lacked required tissue/blood submission but are included in this clinical analysis. One patient did not receive treatment and is not analyzable. Pt characteristics: male/female30/16 (65%/35%); median age 68.7 years (range 38.9 - 90). Significant toxicities: 1 grade 4 cardiac ischemia/infarction, 2 grade 4 fatigue, 1 grade 4 vomiting. There was one treatment related death due to CNS ischemia. Three pts (7%) had a confirmed PR and 2 (5%) unconfirmed PR, and 9 (20%) had stable disease. Median TTF was 2 months, and OS was 5 months. Molecular correlative data was available on 42 pts. Conclusions: GW572016 is a well tolerated regimen with modest single-agent activity in pts with advanced/metastatic gastric cancer. Although, GW572016 did not meet the primary endpoint, this targeted agent may warrant further investigation in combination regimens. Molecular correlatives will be reported in a separate abstract. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Case 30-1990
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Jeffrey S. Dover, Michael J. Imber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Presentation of CaseA 47-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a rash and fever.He was well until four days earlier, when a pruritic rash developed over the upper arms. The patient recalled exposure to poison ivy one week earlier and assumed that he was experiencing another bout of poison-ivy dermatitis. The rash spread to involve his legs, anterior chest, back, and abdomen, without conjunctival or oral involvement; a dry cough developed. By that time the rash consisted of papules, pustules, and plaques. Two days before admission the patient consulted a dermatologist; a Tzanck test was reported . . .
Fulminating Staphylococcal Pneumonia Associated with Influenza Virus C
Authors: C. S. Darke, P. H. Watkins, J. E. M. Whitehead
Journal: BMJ (1957)

A bsence of A nti-B from Serum.-No trace of anti-B could be found.Tests were carried out at various tem- peratures against cells suspended in saline solution and in albumin and with cells treated with papain.Anti-A and anti-A, were present and in normal amount.Presence of B in Saliva.-Thepatient's saliva contains a large amount of B substance, but not quite so much as that found in the saliva of most B secretors.It also contains H substance in amount as great as that in Group-Osecretor saliva (which is greater than that found in Group-B- secretor saliva).Her saliva, as would be expected, also contains some Lea substance.Other Grolips.-Thesewere: MsMs, Pi, CDe/CDe, LubLub, Kk, Le(a-b+), FyaFya, and JkbJkb.The antisera used were: anti-M, -N, -S, -s, -U, -Mia, -Vw; anti-Pi, -P+Pl ; anti-D, -C, -c, -CW, -E, -e, -V; anti-Lua, _LUb; anti-K, -k; anti-Lea, -Leb; anti-Fya, -Fyb; anti-Jka, -Jkb.It is difficult to believe tht such an extraordinary ABO group finds itself merely by chance in a body so extra- ordinary in other ways.It seems reasonable to expect that in time the two conditions will be seen to be connected.
Calcitonin as a Tumor Marker
Authors: David Goltzman, John T. Potts, E. Chester Ridgway, Farahe Maloof
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

The use of the radioimmunoassay for calcitonin was evaluated in the postoperative management of nine patients with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Calcitonin assay demonstrated metastatic disease before its documentation on clinical or pathological grounds in four of the nine patients and confirmed complete removal of tumor in the remaining five. Selective venous catheterization with sampling for calcitonin assay assisted in the decision regarding subsequent therapy either by demonstrating inoperable metastases (in two patients) or by localizing disease amenable to further surgery (in one patient). In a patient with metastatic disease, the calcitonin assay demonstrated no effect of either thyroid hormone or thyroid-stimulating hormone on the function of the medullary carcinoma. These studies demonstrate the sensitivity and reliability of the radioimmunoassay of circulating calcitonin in the detection and localization of recurrent or residual tumor and in the planning and evaluation of rational methods of therapy.(N Engl J Med 290:1035–1039,1974)
NIMG-34THE PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF POSTOPERATIVE O-(2-18F-FLUOROETHYL)-L-TYROSINE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY IN NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Sidsel Højklint Poulsen, Thomas Urup, Kirsten Grunnet, Vibeke Andrée Larsen, Per Munck af Rosenschöld, Hans Skovgaard Poulsen, Ian Law
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGOUND: Patients with glioblastoma (GBM) show a variable disease course ranging from rapid progression to prolonged progression free survival (PFS). Despite aggressive standard therapy consisting of radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (RCX) the prognoses is poor with a median overall survival (OS) less than 15 months and 5-year overall survival less than 10%. To maximize patient survival and optimize quality of life, it is relevant to identify prognostic biomarkers for treatment stratification. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning using radiolabeled amino acids has been introduced in the radiation therapy planning of GBM. Therefore this study will evaluate whether postoperative FET PET in newly diagnosed GBM can provide additional prognostic information on outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 147 patients from our GBM database treated with RCX and evaluated with FET PET postoperatively (1-2 weeks) in the period November 2011 - February 2014 were included retrospectively. With OS as the primary endpoint, and PFS as a secondary endpoint, the prognostic value of postoperative biological tumor volume (BTV) in FET PET, mean tumor to background ratio (TBRmean) and maximum tumor to background ratio (TBRmax) was estimated using Cox proportional hazards model. The analysis was adjusted for the known prognostic factors, performance status (PS), age and corticosteroid therapy status, by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Median OS and PFS were 14.0 and 6.54 months respectively. In the univariate analysis, increasing BTV and higher values of TBRmean and TBRmax correlated significantly (<0.0001) with poor OS and PFS. In the multivariate analysis increasing BTV, poor PS and high age was independent prognostic factors for poor OS and PFS with p-values < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: Increasing postoperative FET PET tumor volume is an important independent prognostic factor of poor OS and PFS for GBM patients. Underlining the importance, of maximal tumor resection, on OS.