tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 9-1991
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Lee M. Kaplan, Fiona Graeme-Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Presentation of CaseA 61-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent abdominal pain and fever.The patient was a native of Cambodia, who moved to the Philippine Islands three years before admission and immigrated to the United States soon thereafter. There was a history of asthma and of adult-onset diabetes mellitus; she took no medication for either problem. She was reportedly in satisfactory health until nine months before entry, when she began to experience abdominal pain with occasional nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea unrelated to her meals. She was admitted to another hospital, and her symptoms improved; no . . .
Use of Organ-Sparing Treatments Varies Internationally
Authors: T. Reynolds
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Use of Organ-Sparing Treatments Varies Internationally Get access Tom Reynolds Tom Reynolds Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 24, 20 December 1995, Pages 1826–1827, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.24.1826 Published: 20 December 1995
Sodium dodecyl sulfate/ β -cyclodextrin vesicles embedded in chitosan gel for insulin delivery with pH-selective release
Authors: Zhuo Li, Haiyan Li, Caifen Wang, Jianghui Xu, Vikramjeet Singh, Dawei Chen, Jiwen Zhang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2016)

In an answer to the challenge of enzymatic instability and low oral bioavailability of proteins/peptides, a new type of drug-delivery vesicle has been developed. The preparation, based on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) embedded in chitosan gel, was used to successfully deliver the model drug-insulin. The self-assembled SDS/β-CD vesicles were prepared and characterized by particle size, zeta potential, appearance, microscopic morphology and entrapment efficiency. In addition, both the interaction of insulin with vesicles and the stability of insulin loaded in vesicles in the presence of pepsin were investigated. The vesicles were crosslinked into thermo-sensitive chitosan/β-glycerol phosphate solution for an in-situ gel to enhance the dilution stability. The in vitro release characteristics of insulin from gels in media at different pH values were investigated. The insulin loaded vesicles–chitosan hydrogel (IVG) improved the dilution stability of the vesicles and provided pH-selective sustained release compared with insulin solution–chitosan hydrogel (ISG). In vitro, IVG exhibited slow release in acidic solution and relatively quick release in neutral solutions to provide drug efficacy. In simulated digestive fluid, IVG showed better sustained release and insulin protection properties compared with ISG. Thus IVG might improve the stability of insulin during its transport in vivo and contribute to the bioavailability and therapeutic effect of insulin.
THU0260 Delay in RA Diagnosis of More than 12 Months is Associated with Deteriorated Functional Status in Patients in Bdmard Treatment– Results from A Prospective Study
Authors: I. Kynde, J. Sørensen, M.L. Hetland, J.V.B. Hjelmborg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The nationwide DANBIO registry includes data on patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their treatment with biological disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARD), functional status as well as time for onset of symptoms, and establishment of diagnosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate whether delay of diagnosis predicts deterioration in functional status in RA patients in bDMARD treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> The analysis was based on longitudinal data on 3,199 RA-patients who received bDMARD treatment and were entered into DANBIO between 2001 and 2011. Diagnostic delay (time from symptom onset to RA diagnosis) was categorized into three groups: &lt;4 months, 4-12 months, and &gt;12 months. Functional status was assessed by the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ). The patients had a total of 36,316 complete visits in DANBIO while on bDMARD therapy. Predictions of HAQ were analyzed in mixed linear regression models with a random intra-individual variation. <h3>Results</h3> Women accounted for 74% of the study population. On average, patients were aged 54.1 (SD 14.0) years at diagnosis, and 56.8 (SD12.7) years at first visit. The average treatment time on bDMARD was 24.5 (SD 24.7) months and diagnostic delay was on average 22.5 (SD 44.5) months. Diagnostic delay above 12 months predicted higher average HAQ (0.98 SE 0.02) compared with HAQ in RA-patients with delay time of less than 4 months (0.92 SE 0.02) and 4-12 months (0.91 SE 0.02). This association was statistically significant (both p&lt;0.05) after adjustment for age at diagnosis, age at first visit, sex, comorbidities, and geographical region. The length of treatment time moderated the association significantly, so that a longer treatment length was associated with lower average HAQ: p&lt;0.05 between HAQ of patients with delay time of less than 4 months and above 12 months. For 40-49 year-olds, the expected HAQ was 0.95 (SE 0.02) with diagnostic delay of less than 4 months, 0.95 (SE 0.02) with delay time of 4- 12 months, and 1.02 (SE 0.02) with diagnostic delay more than 12 months. Similarly, for 60-69 year-olds, the average HAQ was 0.81 (SE 0.03) with delays less than 4 months, 0.81 (SE 0.02) with delays of 4-12 months, and 0.88 (SE 0.02) with diagnostic delay time of above 12 months. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Delay of diagnosis of more than 12 months predicted poorer functional health status in RA-patients during bDMARD treatment. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The study was partly funded by the Danish Rheumatism Association by an unrestricted grant. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4286
O04 * DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MRI DISCRIMINATES PRIMARY CANCER TYPE AND OUTCOME IN BRAIN METASTASES
Authors: R. Zakaria, M. Radon, M. Bhojak, V. Sluming, K. Das, M. D. Jenkinson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Diffusion weighted MRI (DWI) is a powerful technique for non-invasive assessment of many solid cancers. We investigated whether pre-operative DWI characteristics of cerebral metastases correlate with patient outcomes. METHOD: Retrospective analysis of 76 metastases with DWI performed pre-operatively at 1.5T. Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) maps were generated and measurements were taken from the tumour, peritumoral region, across the brain-tumour interface (ADC transition coefficient or (ATC)) and in normal white matter. Outcome measures were overall survival (OS) and time to local recurrence (PFS). Tissue was assessed to determine cellularity. RESULTS: ADC changes in the tumour and peritumoral region differed between metastases of different primaries. Metastases with higher tumour ADC values were associated with longer OS and PFS. This was also demonstrated in the most common brain metastasis, lung adenocarcinoma (n = 36). Tumours with a sharp change in ADC across their boundary (high ATC) had a significantly shorter OS, 6.8 months (95% CI 5.3 - 8.4) as compared to those with a low ATC and hence diffuse boundary (11.2 months, 95% CI 8.3 - 14.0, Log rank Chi-Square = 4.19, p = 0.041). The ATC was the only imaging metric which independently predicted overall survival in multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.54, 95% CI 0.3 - 0.97, p = 0.04). Cellularity was positively related to ATC and inversely related to tumour ADC. CONCLUSION: DWI demonstrates changes in the tumour, tumour edge and peritumoral region which are not visible on routine MRI. ADC maps could be used to predict patient outcomes more accurately and plan surgical margins or stereotactic radiosurgery fields.
P511 USE OF C-METHACETIN BREATH TEST (MBT) TO PREDICT CIRRHOSIS COMPLICATIONS AND MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH LOW MELD SCORES EVALUATED OR LISTED FOR LIVER TRANSPLANTATION (LT)
Authors: R.T. Stravitz, A. Reuben, M. Mizrahi, G. Lalazar, G. Guggenheim, A. Hershkowitz, I. Ben Oren, N. Hemed, K. Brown, S. Gordon, Y. Ilan, A. Sanyal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Use of a Reusable Shielded Marker to Enhance the Accuracy, Safety, and Efficacy of Nuclear Medicine Procedures
Authors: MICHELLE HAYES, TALISSA ALTES, C. DAVID TEATES, JAYASHREE PAREKH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Three cases illustrate the use of a reusable, shielded marker to identify anatomic structures and mark pathologic lesions. No other nuclear medicine marker is available with a shutter mechanism designed to interrupt radiation, thus protecting the patient and technologist from unnecessary radiation and minimizing image artifacts.
First Experience Using Peptide Receptor Radionuclide Therapy in a Patient With Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Daniel Putzer, Michael Gabriel, Rupert Prommegger, Dorota Kendler, Irene Johanna Virgolini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 78-year-old man with urothelial carcinoma metastasis after surgical resection of the right kidney, part of the ureter, and urinary bladder in May 2003 and 3 cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin-gemcitabine was referred for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Somatostatin-receptor profile was assessed by 68Ga-labeled lanreotide PET, and PRRT was performed using 3738 MBq (101 mCi) of 90Y-DOTA-lanreotide. Because of adequate PRRT response confirmed with MRI and 18F-FDG PET, surgical resection of the solitary cervical metastasis was feasible. Treatment was well tolerated, and the patient remains in complete remission from his urothelial carcinoma.
Abstract P4-09-10: Prevalence of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and Its Management in 3 Large Breast Cancer Centres in Australia: A Retrospective Review
Authors: A Chan, C Lewis, R. de Boer
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Triple negative (ER, PR, HER2 negative) breast cancer (TNBC) is a recognised subtype of invasive breast cancer (BC) associated with a worse prognosis. It represents 10-15% of BC and currently there is no tailored therapy in the adjuvant or metastatic setting. Review of outcomes in BC patients (pts) treated by conventional cytotoxics, can provide some understanding as to efficacy of currently used agents and provide an indication of rates of recurrence and disease response to chemotherapy in a non-trial setting. Methods: The databases of 3 large Australian centres were examined for BC patients with TN tumours defined as: ER and PR negative on immunohistochemistry (IHC) and HER2 negative by either IHC 0 or 1+ or on ISH. Data was entered prospectively and collectively analysed for prevalence, management and outcome of pts with TNBC seen between January 1998 — December 2009. Pt and tumour characteristics were compared to those with non-TNBC. For the TNBC cohort, details on adjuvant chemotherapy given and relative dose intensity (RDI) was assessed. Disease-free survival, breast cancer event rate and systemic treatment given and response in the first-line metastatic setting will be reported. Results: Over the 12 yr period, 4902 BC pts were seen with 643 (13%) TNBC (98% operable and 2% metastatic at diagnosis). Median age was 51 years (range, 24-90) and 40% were premenopausal at diagnosis. Tumour characteristics for the entire group are shown in Table 1 and adjuvant treatment given to pts with TNBC in Table 2. With a median follow-up (mfu) of 36 months (m) (0.2-142), 184 BC events occurred in 154/643 pts (25%). First event was CBC 3.5%, local recurrence 6.7%, metastatic 16.4% (Lung 37%, Lymph nodes 34%, Bone 31%, Liver 27%, CNS 9%). The median DFS was 33m with 77% of BC events occurring within 5yrs. Of the 105 pts who died from BC, median time from metastatic diagnosis to death was 10 months (0.1 - 65). Conclusions: In 3 large oncology institutions, 13% of new pts with BC had TNBC. Despite adequate dose delivery of anthracycline/taxane/combination anthracycline-taxane adjuvant chemotherapy in 78% of these pts, 25% of pts had a BC event at mfu of 3yrs. Despite the majority of pts receiving taxane, capecitabine or anthracyclines in the first-line metastatic setting, median survival was only 10 months, with 75% of pts dying by 2 yrs from metastatic diagnosis. More effective therapies are required in both the adjuvant and metastatic setting for treatment of this aggressive subtype of BC. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-10.
META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS COMPARING SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER-COATED VERSUS NEW-GENERATION DURABLE POLYMER DRUG-ELUTING STENTS UP TO 12 MONTHS
Authors: Bertrand Njume Mukete, Liefke van der Heijden, Hassan Baydoun, Derar Albashaireh, Kenneth Tandjung, Qusai Saleh, Asif Anwar, Nidal Abi Rafeh, Thierry Le Jemtel, Clemens von Birgelen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
The Usefulness of a Repeat Study for Differentiating between Bowel Activity and Local Tumor Recurrence on FDG PET Scans
Authors: Hyolim Chun, Chun K. Kim, Borys R. Krynckyi, Josef Machac
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

The importance of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the evaluation of colorectal cancer is well established. Activity in the rectosigmoid region on an FDG PET scan may vary significantly, which may occasionally lead to difficulties in interpretation when assessing local recurrence of colorectal cancer. The authors present a case in which a repeat PET study performed after an enema 1 week later was useful for differentiating between normal bowel activity and local tumor recurrence. This repeat study obviated the need for surgical intervention, although the role of the enema in this case is unclear.
CULPRIT ONLY VERSUS MULTIVESSEL PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK COMPLICATING ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A META-ANALYSIS OF OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES
Authors: Dhaval Kolte, Partha Sardar, Sahil Khera, Wilbert Aronow, Theophilus Owan, Diwakar Jain, Julio Panza, William Frishman, Gregg Fonarow, Deepak Bhatt, Herbert Aronow, J. Abbott
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
AB0604 Association of knee symptoms with self-reported physical function in knee osteoarthritis patients
Authors: V. Salaru, L. Mazur-Nicorici, E. Caun, M. Mazur, C. M. Ancuta, N. Revenco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To examine associations of knee symptoms with self-reported physical function of individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). <h3>Methods</h3> We examined differences in pain, pain sensitivity, function, psychosocial variables, and physical activity between women and men with knee osteoarthritis. The knee symptoms was defined as pain, aching, or stiffness at least 3 months before inclusion into study. Physical function was assessed by the RAPID 3 (Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data) is a index of only the three Core Data Set patient self-report measures<i>—</i>physical function (from 0- to 3) converted to 0-10, pain 0-10, and patient global estimate (0- 10) for a total of 0-30 points. Separate multivariable logistic regression models examined associations between knee symptoms and physical function measures, by age, sex and geografic locality. The study was approved by local institutional review board, and all subjects gave written informed consent. <h3>Results</h3> In study cohort were included 123 patients with OA aged 40 years or older. Patients completed the RAPID 3 questionaire and visual analog scale for pain (VAS). Patient characteristics: the mean age was 64.3 years, 69,2% was female. For the entire sample, pain was present in 90.6% of patients. Women had significantly worse pain than men, VAS pain was 61.3 mm and men 58,6 mm, respectivily (p&gt;0.05). The level of physical function did not differ significantly between women 3.7 and men - 4.1 points (p&lt;0.05). The total RAPID 3 score was for men 19.1, and for women -16.0 points (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Pain is very common in this sample of patients with knee osteoarthritis. Women continue to be as physically active as men even though higher levels of pain. The knee osteoarthritis estimate negatively affect the patient's condition scoring RAPID 3 generally men worse than women. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Do the ASCO/CAP 2007 HER2 Testing Guidelines Improve Prediction of Benefit to Adjuvant Trastuzumab?: Data from North Central Cancer Treatment Group N9831 Adjuvant Trial.
Authors: E. Perez, M. Reinholz, A. Dueck, K. Tenner, N. Davidson, J. Gralow, L. Harris, L. Kutteh, R. Jenkins, B. Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: In 2007, the American Society of Clinical Oncology and College of American Pathologists (ASCO/CAP) recommended new guidelines to define HER2 positivity by immunohistochemistry (3+ IHC: uniform intense membrane staining of &amp;gt;30% of invasive tumor cells) or fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH+: HER2/CEP17 ratio &amp;gt;2.2). The original criteria used for enrollment in the pivotal N9831 trial conducted from 2000-2005 were IHC&amp;gt;10% (3+) or FISH ≥2.0.Purpose: To investigate the impact of the ASCO/CAP guidelines on patient (pt) eligibility and disease free survival (DFS) compared to the originally used FDA-approved definitions.Patients/Methods: This analysis included 2268 patients from the HER2+ N9831 adjuvant trastuzumab phase III trial. IHC was centrally performed at the Mayo Clinic using the DAKO HercepTest™ and was re-analyzed to determine the percent of tumor cells with 0, 1+, 2+, and 3+ staining intensities. DFS was compared between pts randomized to standard chemotherapy +/- concurrent trastuzumab (Arms A and C of the trial) within IHC/FISH subgroups using Cox proportional hazards regression stratified by hormone receptor and nodal status.Results: Based on 2268 pts, 83 pts (3.7%) were 3+ by FDA-approved guidelines but not 3+ by the ASCO/CAP guidelines. Among these pts, 77% (64/83) were FISH amplified centrally by ASCO/CAP guidelines. Only 1.5% (34/2268) of pts eligible under FDA-approved definitions from N9831 in this sample set would not meet the ASCO/CAP guidelines. In 1441 patients randomized to standard chemotherapy +/- concurrent trastuzumab, the exploratory DFS hazard ratio (HR) associated with trastuzumab in IHC/FISH subgroups were as follows: ASCO/CAP HER2+ HR=0.59 (95% CI: 0.47-0.75; p&amp;lt;0.001); FDA-approved HER2+ HR=0.60 (95% CI: 0.47-0.75; p&amp;lt;0.001); ASCO/CAP HER2 normal(not positive) HR=0.74 (95% CI: 0.35-1.57; p=0.43); and FDA-approved HER2 normal HR=0.53 (95% CI: 0.22-1.26; p=0.15).Conclusions: A small percentage (1.5%) of N9831 patients did not meet ASCO/CAP 2007 guidelines when applied retrospectively. Trastuzumab effect appeared similar for HER2+ patients regardless of ASCO/CAP or FDA-approved guidelines. Additional DFS analyses by IHC/FISH subgroups will be presented. We gratefully acknowledge support from the Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Genentech, and NIH CA25224 for this study. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 701.
PD01-07: AR Overexpression and Aromatase Inhibitor Resistance in Breast Cancer.
Authors: Y Rechoum, D Iacopetta, I Barone, S Ando’, SF Morales, NL Weigel, SAW Fuqua
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have emerged as the therapy of choice for the treatment of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive breast cancer. However, many patients develop resistance to AI treatment. Although the involvement of the ERα in AI resistance is well established, the role of the androgen receptor (AR) is not known. It has been estimated that about 60%-70% of ERα-positive breast cancer co-express the AR, and that AR agonists can either inhibit or stimulate breast cancer cell proliferation. Thus it is important to determine if there are biomarkers predicting AR's effects in breast tumors. We have previously shown a role for AR-overexpression in tamoxifen resistance in ERα-positive MCF-7 breast cancer cells; here we hypothesized that AR overexpression might similarly be involved in resistance to the AI anastrazole (Anas). Materials and Methods: Stable transfection of MCF-7 cells was performed to generate cell lines that express the aromatase gene (MCF-7 BK Arom) and then co-transfected with an AR expression vector (MCF-7 AR Arom). Aromatase and AR expression levels were evaluated by western blot analysis, and the enzyme activity was evaluated using aromatase activity assays. Proliferation was tested using anchorage independent soft agar assays and MTT in the presence of the androgen substrate androstenedione (AD), or AD plus Anas. ERα and AR transcriptional activities were tested with ERE-luciferase reporter assays. Localization of ERα and AR within the cells was visualized using immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: ERα-positive MCF-7 cells were stably transfected with either aromatase, or aromatase plus AR. MCF-7 aromatase clones overexpressing AR were resistant to the growth inhibitory effects of Anas when stimulated with the androgen AD. Resistance was not mediated through changes in aromatase expression or activity. The growth of several of the AR Arom-overexpressing cells was stimulated with treatment of Anas alone, suggesting that Anas was acting as an agonist. As expected, AD treatment stimulated ERα transcriptional activity, but Anas was unable to block AD-stimulated activity in AR Arom-overexpressing cells using ERE-Luciferase reporter assay. Anas was able to enhance AR and ERα colocalization in AR-overxpressing cells. Resistance was not associated with activation of known mechanisms of resistance, such as HER2, IGF-1R, or MAPK. However AR-overexpressing cells had higher constitutive phosphorylation of Akt. Accordingly, resistance to Anas was blocked using an Akt1/2 inhibitor. Conclusion: Using a model of ERα-positive breast cancer cells expressing exogenous aromatase and AR, we have demonstrated that AR overexpression confers resistance to the AI Anas. These results suggest that in patients recurring on hormonal therapy whose tumors express elevated levels of AR, targeted therapy to Akt might restore hormone sensitivity. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD01-07.
Carbon Dioxide Titration Curve of Normal Man
Authors: Newton C. Brackett, Jordan J. Cohen, William B. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ALTHOUGH it has long been recognized that defense of pH during acute hypercapnia is dependent on the generation of bicarbonate by body buffers,1 , 2 the quantitative aspects of the response to graded increases in carbon dioxide tension (pCO2) have not been defined in man. The characterization of such a "whole-body titration curve" § should serve the important function of providing a physiologic background against which complex acid–base disturbances in the patient with acute respiratory acidosis might be evaluated.The present study has employed a large environmental chamber to examine the acid–base response of unanesthetized man to progressive elevation of arterial . . .
433 HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS DIFFERENTIATE INTO HEPATOCYTE-LIKE CELLS IN VITRO AND IN VIVO
Authors: A. Shaflgullina, A. Gumerova, A. Trondin, M. Titova, I. Gazizov, M. Kaligin, D. Andreeva, A. Rizvanov, A. Kiassov
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)