tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evolution of breast cancer screening in France from 2005 to 2008: results of the EDIFICE survey.
Authors: X Pivot, Y Coscas, J Morere, M Namer, J Blay, C Roussel, F Eisinger
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5010 Background: In 2005, a first EDIFICE survey was aimed to provide a better understanding of population s adherence to the screening tests available in France and results pertaining to breast cancer are reported (Int. J. Med. Sci. 2008, 5: 106-112). In 2008, EDIFICE survey is performed again to assess the evolution 3 years later. Taking into account that the Implementation of breast cancer screening has been generalized in France since 2003: All women aged between 50 and 74 years are systematically invited to perform a mammography every two years.&amp;#x2028; Methods: This second nationwide observational survey was carried out from December 12, 2007 to January 07, 2008 among a representative samples of 1802 French people aged between 40 and 85 years and 600 general practitioners (GPs). Information collected included socio-demographic characteristics, attitude towards cancer screening and actual experience of cancer screening, as well as GPs practice regarding screening. The precision of the results is 4.3% for a 95% confidence interval.&amp;#x2028; Results: In EDIFICE–1 and -2, 501 and 488 participating women aged between 50 and 74 years are assessed, respectively.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; In EDIFICE-2, there was a significant relationship (p&amp;lt;0.05) between the existence of a first mammography screening on women s own initiative and age (odd ratio 0.35; 95%CI 0.13 – 0.95). Main factors associated with performing the screening test every two years were: knowledge of screening process (odd ratio 3.59 ; 95%CI 1.54 – 8.38), Own motivation (odd ratio 5.03; 95%CI 1.6 – 15.8), First mammography performed in the organized screening (odd ratio 6.53 ; 95%CI 1.15 – 37.3), and gynecologist consultation (odd ratio 8.68; 95%CI 2.21 – 34.11).&amp;#x2028; Of the 600 participating GPs, 68% systematically recommended a mammography to their patients in the screening national plan. GPs perceptions of the reasons for women s avoidance of the screening test were unwillingness to be aware of mammography results (46%) and négligence (24%).&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: The main result of this second EDIFICE Survey is to stress the impact of the breast cancer screening in France. Between 2005 and 2008 the rate of women s attendance at mammography screening has increased and the proportion of women who repeat the test every two years has been dramaticaly improve. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5010.
Abstract 1124: IGFBP-4 activates the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and induces M-CAM expression in human renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Koji Ueno, Hiroshi Hirata, Z. Laura Tabatabai, Yuji Hinoda, Rajvir Dahiya
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction and Objective : The Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is inactivated by Wnt antagonists in most cancers. IGFBP-4 is an antagonist of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, however its function is not currently understood in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods : The expression levels of IGFBP-4 protein in kidney tissue microarray were examined by immunostaining using antibody to IGFBP-4. The IGFBP-4 mRNA expression level was analyzed in a normal kidney cell line (HK-2), primary renal cancer cell lines (A498, 769-P) and metastatic renal cancer cell lines (ACHN, Hs891.T). To examine the function of IGFBP4, MTS, matrigel invasion, colony formation and wound healing assays were performed using 769-P mock and stable IGFBP-4 transfected cells. To screen for metastatic related genes in IGFBP-4 stable cells, cDNA PCR array was performed with a Human RT2 Profiler PCR Array. We investigated mRNA expression of the MMP family and measured Tcf transcriptional activity to monitor the Wnt/beta-catenin dependent pathway in 769-P mock and IGFBP-4 stable transfected cells. To analyze the role of IGFBP-4 in metastatic RCC cell lines, IGFBP-4 mRNA was knocked down using a siRNA technique. Results : We found that the expression of IGFBP-4 was significantly lower in primary RCC and higher in metastatic RCC compared to normal human kidney tissues. To assess the function of IGFBP4, we established IGFBP4 transfectants (primary renal cancer cell line) and performed functional analyses including Tcf reporter assays, cell viability, invasive capability, mortality, and in vivo tumor growth. Interestingly IGFBP-4 transfectants promoted cell growth (in vitro and in vivo), invasion, and motility in 769-P cancer cells. Tcf transcriptional activity was significantly increased in IGFBP-4 transfectants compared to mock cells and beta-catenin expression was increased. Also the beta-catenin downstream effector, MT1-MMP showed increased expression in IGFBP4 transfectants. Additionally IGFBP4 induced the expression of M-CAM, a marker of tumor progression. In order to assess the role of IGFBP4 in metastatic renal cancer, IGFBP-4 mRNA in a metastatic renal cancer cell line (ACHN) was knocked-down using a siRNA technique. Cell growth and motility was decreased in si-IGFBP4 transfected ACHN cells compared to cells transfected with control siRNA. Conclusions : This is the first report documenting that IGFBP-4 expression in RCC activates cell growth, metastasis, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and may be involved in RCC metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1124. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1124
Abstract 1484: Functional and molecular characterization of macrophage-tumor cell communication
Authors: Anja Schmall, Susanne Herold, Natasha Vipotnik, Hamza M Al-tamari, Soni Savai Pullamsetti, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger, Rajkumar Savai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Lung Cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. It is increasingly appreciated that the tumor stroma, consistent of a heterogeneous population of non-neoplastic host cells, is an essential part of cancer initiation, growth and progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can influence cancer progression and metastasis, but the responsible mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we focus on the involvement of bone-marrow derived macrophages (BM- MM) and two of their major chemotactic pathways (CX3CR1-CX3CL1 and CCR2-CCL2 axis) in cancer proliferation and migration. We demonstrate that conditioned medium (CM) derived from co-cultures of lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) cells with BM- MM (purity &amp;gt;99%) enhances proliferation of LLC1-cells significantly from 1.79±0.1717 to 2.43±0.2067 in an absorbance based BrdU-Assay and a higher colony-number was found in a colony-formation-assay compared to control. In addition LLC1-migration in presence of CM was 5 fold increased compared to controls (172.9±2.18 versus 33.93±2.29). Further, analysis of the cytokine profile of co-culture-derived CM showed regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-1α), anti-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-1RA) and several chemokines (CCL5 and CCL2). Importantly, evaluation of tumor growth in chemokine receptor knockout mice, CX3CR1-KO and CCR2-KO demonstrated reduced tumor size compared to wild type mice. CX3CR1-KO and CCR2-KO tumor showed reduced in vivo proliferation as assessed by PCNA immunostaining (12.46%±3.188 versus 46.45%±2.922). Further analysis of the tumor microenvironment in CX3CR1-KO and CCR2-KO demonstrated a significant decrease in monocyte/ macrophage accumulation compared to control tumors as assessed by FACS. Compared to the percentage of macrophages in control tumor (7.518±0.78%), a significant decrease was observed in CCR2-KO (2.96± 0.233%) and CX3CR1-KO (3.975±0.6019%) tumors. Based on these findings, we conclude that macrophage plays a crucial role in lung cancer progression and the knowledge of tumor-host interactions can provide novel therapeutic approaches for lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1484. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1484
Neprilysin Inhibition — A Novel Therapy for Heart Failure
Authors: Mariell Jessup
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) last approved a new oral drug (hydralazine–isosorbide dinitrate) for patients with heart failure and a reduced ejection fraction in 2005 — and this drug was recommended only for self-identified black patients who continued to have symptoms despite evidence-based treatment.1 TThe aldosterone antagonist eplerenone was approved for the treatment of heart failure in 2003. (In 2012, the European Medicines Agency approved ivabradine, which has not received FDA approval.) Now, a novel drug, LCZ696, a dual inhibitor of angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin, may prove to be the first disruptive agent to the heart-failure treatment algorithm, . . .
Abstract 5416: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) are increased and correlated with immune suppression and chronic inflammation in patients with cancer
Authors: Kenji Gonda, Masahiko Shibata, Tatsuo Shimura, Izumi Nakamura, Shinji Ohki, Tohru Ohtake, Shinichi Suzuki, Hitoshi Ohto, Seiichi Takenoshita
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the progress of malignant diseases and has been reported to relate with immune suppression seen in patients with advanced diseases. MDSC: myeloid-derived suppressor cells found as a new type of immune suppressor cells are enhanced by inflammation and have been reported to be present in blood circulation, lymphnodes and tumor tissues in patients with cancer. The suppression of immune function via depleting arginine and producing immune-suppressing cytokines including IL-10 has also been reported. In order to investigate MDSC in patients, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were collected from 18 normal healthy volunteers, 53 patients with gastrointestinal cancer, 65 with breast cancer, 8 with thyroid cancer, and 5 with ovarian cancer. These cells were used for the detection of MDSC (CD11b+CD14−CD33+) by flow cytometry. PBMC was also used for the PHA-blastogenesis of lymphocytes which is a marker of cell mediated immunity (stimulation indices: SI) and for the production assay of cytokines including IL-6 and IL-10. MDSC (%PBMC) of whole patients (5.68 + 5.92%), those of gastrointestinal cancer patients (3.76 + 4.90%) and those of breast cancer patients (2.92 + 4.13%) were significantly higher than those of normal volunteers (p&amp;lt;0.005, p=0.05, p&amp;lt;0.05, respectively, vs 1.59 + 1.08%). MDSC were inversely correlated with the SI (r=−0.271, p&amp;lt;0.05) in patients with gastrointestinal cancer and positively correlated with IL-6 production in whole patients(r=0.287, p=0.05) and with IL-10 production in patients with breast cancer (r=0.363, p&amp;lt;0.05). They were also significantly correlated to neutrophil counts (r=0.287, p&amp;lt;0.05) and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios (NLR, r=0.623, p=0.05), and inversely correlated to lymphocyte counts (r=−0.251, p&amp;lt;0.01). Thus MDSC were successfully detected in peripheral blood and were significantly higher in patients with cancer. There were strong relationships among the inhibition of cell-mediated immunity, production of type 2 cytokines and inflammatory markers such as NLR. Therefore, MDSC seemed to work as a suppressor of immune reaction and may be an important marker of chronic inflammation in patients with cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5416. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5416
CD4+ Counts in Seronegative Homosexual Men
Authors: Sten H. Vermund, Donald R. Hoover, Kan Chen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study is an ongoing study of gay and bisexual men seen every six months since 19841. To assess the prevalence of idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia2,3 in this population, we studied 2713 men who were seronegative for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 who had at least one assessment of CD4+ cells. In 2285 of these men the number of CD4+ cells and the number of CD4+ cells as a percentage of total T lymphocytes have been measured on at least four visits since 1985; the men were HIV-seronegative at each visit. The . . .
Vasopressor Therapy in the Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Herbert Gold, Eliot Corday
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IN the last decade many investigators have demonstrated that the administration of vasopressor drugs may terminate paroxysmal supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 However, it is only recently that the physiologic mechanism of this effect has become clear as a result of the experimental demonstration of the hemodynamic behavior of the coronary circulation during the arrhythmias.12 13 14 Clinicians have long recognized that anginal pain occurs during rapid tachycardias or frequent premature systoles. Furthermore, electrocardiographic and morphologic myocardial changes typical of coronary insufficiency often follow a prolonged paroxysm of tachycardia, particularly if coronary-artery narrowing exists. Rapid supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias may cause a marked . . .
253 EPCAM AND AFP AS POOR PROGNOSTIC MARKERS IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOBLASTOMA
Authors: S. Ragull, I. Serra, M. Garrido, R. Maibach, I. Io Ng, P. Czauderna, R. Bartoli, R. Planas, M. Sala, C. Armengol
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Managed Competition for Medicare? Sobering Lessons from the Netherlands
Authors: Kieke G.H. Okma, Theodore R. Marmor, Jonathan Oberlander
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Advocates of Medicare vouchers cite health care reforms in the Netherlands as a model. But competition among private insurers hasn't produced the expected benefits and has created new problems, casting doubt on the model's merits and its suitability for Medicare.
Reply to Chai and Linghu
Authors: K. Halsey, B. Greenwald
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

We appreciate the comments from Drs. Chai and Linghu. We agree that endoscopic resection has a definite role in the treatment of Barrett’s esophagus with high grade dysplasia (HGD) and intramucosal carcinoma (IMCA). We believe it is the treatment of choice for focal abnormalities, especially in areas with nodular mucosa, which frequently contain carcinoma. The data on endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in Barrett’s esophagus are extremely limited. While en bloc resection may reduce recurrence rates compared with piecemeal resection or ablation, this technically demanding procedure can be even more challenging in the distal esophagus due to location and increased fibrosis in the submucosal layer from reflux-induced inflammation [1]. We also share the authors’ concerns about radical endoscopic resection or ESD with regard to bleeding, perforation, and stricture, as well as the time-consuming nature (and unclear reimbursement in the USA) of the ESD procedure.
Adverse events in children having surgery are common and need investigation, study concludes
Authors: B. Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Children are more likely to experience adverse events when treated in teaching hospitals (11.2%) than in community hospitals (3.3%), shows a study from Canada.1 

The proportion of adverse events was highest in children undergoing surgery (35% of patients), followed by medical patients (30%), and children in intensive care (13%). Emergency and maternal or obstetric adverse events were more common in community hospitals, while surgical and intensive care events were more common in academic centres.

The study’s principal investigator, Anne Matlow, said that the research was carried out …
Internal Carotid Artery in the Middle Ear
Authors: In Seok Moon, Won-Sang Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 6-year-old girl presented with a 1-year history of pulsatile tinnitus in her right ear. Otoscopy showed a whitish pulsatile mass behind the tympanic membrane in the middle-ear cavity, shown in a video. Subsequent CT confirmed an aberrant internal carotid artery.
PWE-037 Panenteric Capsule Endoscopy: An Alternative Non-invasive Tool To Screen For Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease (ibd)
Authors: E Ejenavi, M McAlindon, D Majumdar, R Sidhu, A Lobo, K Drew, S Hardcastle
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Compared to conventional endoscopy, capsule endoscopy (CE) is potentially safer, non-invasive, performed in out-patients and may be an alternative first line investigation in patients with suspected inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In colon CE (CCE), a dormant mode (to save battery) is followed by device activation when small bowel mucosa is recognised. In this pilot study patients with suspected small and/or large bowel disease underwent a pan-enteric assessment using combined small bowel (SBCE) and CCE. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients underwent combined SCE and CCE using a novel protocol. Patients had new GI symptoms (group A: symptoms alone or those with additional abnormal results - GI symptoms plus) or underwent assessment of known IBD (group B). Main outcome measures: diagnostic yield (relevant findings only), complications, CE completion rates and colon cleanliness (scored 1–4: excellent to poor). <h3>Results</h3> Patients (group A, n = 56; group B, n = 26; mean age 41) had refused (50%), had incomplete (21%) prior colonoscopy or chose to have CCE (29%). Group A patients had diarrhoea (62%) and abdominal pain (54%); 17 had GI symptoms plus anaemia (13), acute phase response (9), hypoalbuminaemia (4), radiological abnormalities (3). Mean SBCE and CCE SB examination times: 255 and 92 mins respectively. Mean C examination time: 167mins; median cleanliness score 2. SBCE was complete in 73 (89%) and CCE in 58 patients (71%). In group B, pathology was identified in 62%, 16/26 (all active Crohn’s) which was significantly higher than in Group A (20%: 11/56, p = 0.0003). New diagnoses in Group A: Crohn’s disease (n = 5) and one each of NSAID colitis, proctitis, leiomyoma, angioectasia, diverticulae and idiopathic ulcerated small bowel stricture. 9/11 were in the symptoms plus group. 95% of pathology identified on SBCE was also identified on CCE. No complications were reported. <h3>Conclusion</h3> 62% of patients known to have IBD had active disease, but diagnostic yield was as high as 20% in those with new symptoms. IBD was the commonest and no complications occurred. Studies of the respective roles of faecal biomarkers, CE and histology in the diagnosis of IBD are needed. Almost all small bowel pathology was recognised by CCE suggesting its use as a remote panenteric endoscopic tool only awaits further battery development. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 3472: Excision repair cross complementing group 1 (ERCC1) and regulatory subunit of Ribonucleotide Reductase (RRM1) as prognostic and predictive markers for ovarian cancer.
Authors: Jun Zhou, Quratulain Ahmed, Wei Chen, Xin Li, Robert Morris, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Gerold Bepler
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Ninety percent of ovarian cancers are epithelial in nature (EOC); the standard approach for treatment is surgery followed by platinum and taxane based chemotherapy. Gemcitabine has been evaluated recently in combination with platinum and taxane for platinum sensitive recurrence and as a single agent for platinum refractory or resistant recurrent EOC. ERCC1 and RRM1 are involved in DNA synthesis and repair derived from genotoxic stress, and they have also been reported as predictive markers for therapeutic efficacy in patients with lung and pancreatic cancers. Their expression, association and clinical significance in ovarian carcinoma remain uncertain. Design: 198 archived cases of epithelial cell ovarian cancer were reviewed and divided into three subtypes: borderline tumor (BLT), Type I and Type II. 2mm TMAs were developed with duplicate cores per case. Immunofluorescence combined with Automated Quantitative Analysis (AQUA) was used to assess the expression of ERCC1 and RRM1. The average of duplicate cores was used for analysis and Greedy search was used for establishing the high and low score cutoff points. Results: 44 cases (22%) were BLT, 29 (15%) were Type I tumors, 121 (61%) were Type II tumors, and 4 cases (4%) were unclassified. Type II tumors were significantly higher among elderly Caucasian women (p&amp;lt;0.001) as compared to African American women. Kaplan Meier curves showed no statistically significant difference in overall survival (OS) between Type I and Type II cancers. Low ERCC1 scores were significantly associated with lower OS rates (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.46), when compared with high ERCC1 scores. In contrast, low RRM1 scores were associated with better overall survival (HR = 0.36). Scores for both markers were not significantly associated with tumor type, histology grade or stage. On multivariate analysis including ERCC1, RRM1, tumor stage, tumor type, age and race; only age and tumor type (BLT I&amp;II) persisted as independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival. Conclusion: Our study suggests that low expression of ERCC1 and high expression of RRM1 are associated with poor survival in ovarian cancer patients. Large studies are warranted to elucidate whether or not the expression of ERCC1 and RRM1 can be used as prognostic or predictive markers. Citation Format: Jun Zhou, Quratulain Ahmed, Wei Chen, Xin Li, Robert Morris, Rouba Ali-Fehmi, Gerold Bepler. Excision repair cross complementing group 1 (ERCC1) and regulatory subunit of Ribonucleotide Reductase (RRM1) as prognostic and predictive markers for ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3472. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3472
Use of a Nasal Antibiotic Cream during a Nursery Outbreak of Staphylococcal Disease
Authors: Jerome O. Klein, Evelyn F. H. Rogers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

WITHIN the past ten years numerous reports of outbreaks of staphylococcal disease among newborn infants in hospitals have appeared. The purpose of this paper is to note the possible usefulness of a nasal antibiotic ointment (neomycin and gramicidin) in the termination of a nursery epidemic of staphylococcal infection.With the increased awareness of hospital-acquired staphylococcal infection in the newborn infant it has been noted that not all nursery epidemics are readily apparent to the hospital authorities. With the variable and often prolonged incubation period in the newborn infant many staphylococcal skin lesions first appear after discharge from the hospital. Thus, . . .
Vitamin E Moves On Stage in Cancer Prevention Studies
Authors: K. Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Vitamin E Moves On Stage in Cancer Prevention Studies Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 13, 1 July 1992, Pages 996–997, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.13.996 Published: 01 July 1992