tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Group- and Home-Based Cognitive Intervention for Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Jee Hyang Jeong, Hae Ri Na, Seong Hye Choi, Jungeun Kim, Duk L. Na, Sang Won Seo, Juhee Chin, Sun Ah Park, Eun-Joo Kim, Hyun Jeong Han, Seol-Heui Han, Soo Jin Yoon, Jae-Hong Lee, Kyung Won Park, So Young Moon, Moon Ho Park, Mun Seong Choi, Il-Woo Han, Jun Hong Lee, Jung Seok Lee, Yong S. Shim, Jeong Yeon Kim
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2016)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; We examined the efficacy of group-based cognitive intervention (GCI) and home-based cognitive intervention (HCI) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and intervention effects on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In this randomized and rater-blinded trial, 293 patients with aMCI from 18 nationwide hospitals were randomized: 96 to the GCI group, 98 to the HCI group and 99 to the control group. For 12 weeks, subjects receiving GCI participated twice per week in group sessions led by trained instructors, and those receiving HCI completed homework materials 5 days per week. They were assessed at baseline, postintervention (PI) and at the 6-month follow-up after the intervention. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline to PI in the modified Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; In comparison to the controls (a 0.8-point decrease), the subjects receiving GCI (a 2.3-point decrease, p = 0.01) or HCI (a 2.5-point decrease, p = 0.02) showed significant improvements in the modified ADAS-Cog at PI, respectively. By the 6-month follow-up, those receiving GCI or HCI had better scores in the modified ADAS-Cog than the controls. The changes in BDNF levels significantly correlated with the changes in the modified ADAS-Cog in the GCI (r&lt;i&gt; = &lt;/i&gt;-0.29, p = 0.02 at PI) and HCI (r&lt;i&gt; = &lt;/i&gt;-0.27, p = 0.03 at 6-month follow-up) groups, respectively. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The GCI and HCI resulted in cognitive improvements in aMCI. An enhanced brain plasticity may be a component of the mechanism underpinning the cognitive improvements associated with the cognitive interventions.
The use of DSM-III axis III in recording physical illness in psychiatric patients
Authors: R Maricle, P Leung, J D Bloom
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The randomly selected charts of 50 discharged psychiatric inpatients were reviewed for documentation of medical illness and DSM-III axis III diagnoses. Twenty-eight percent of the patients had had medical symptoms, 56% had had medical findings, 36% had had laboratory findings, and 60% had been given axis III diagnoses. In at least seven cases, the medical findings were poorly reflected in the final axis III diagnosis. In no case did the record indicate that medical factors were viewed as the cause of a patient's immediate psychiatric syndrome.
Renal Cell Cancer: A Shift in Approaches for Treatment of Advanced Disease in the United States
Authors: Matthew P Banegas, Linda C Harlan, Bhupinder Mann, K Robin Yabroff
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Several new agents have become available to treat renal cell cancer (RCC) in recent years, although evidence on their dissemination is limited. This study examined recent trends in RCC treatment in US community practices. Data from the population-based National Cancer Institute’s Patterns of Care studies were used to evaluate treatment of patients with RCC newly diagnosed in 2004 and 2009 (N=2357). Descriptive statistics and logistic and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to assess treatment patterns and the associations among demographic, clinical, and hospital characteristics, with receipt of systemic therapy and time-to-systemic treatment. Between 2004 and 2009, systemic therapy use increased among patients with stage III and IV RCC, from 3.8% to 15.7% and 35.2% to 57.4%, respectively. Among patients with stage IV disease, the most commonly used therapies changed from interleukin-2 (16.3%) and interferon-alfa (16.6%) in 2004 to sunitinib (39.2%) and temsirolimus (15.2%) in 2009. Further, notable decreases were seen in the use of surgery and time-to-systemic treatment for patients with stage IV disease. Patients who were older, living in areas with lower educational attainment, and diagnosed in 2004 were significantly less likely to receive systemic therapy and had longer time-to-systemic treatment (P<.05). The findings indicate that over the past decade, treatment for RCC in the United States has evolved toward increased use of systemic therapy. As the diffusion of new therapies continues, it will be imperative to understand how variation in care for RCC will impact health outcomes and costs of care.
Association of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score With Mortality in Emergency General Surgery Patients
Authors: Joaquim M. Havens, Alexandra B. Columbus, Olubode A. Olufajo, Reza Askari, Ali Salim, Kenneth B. Christopher
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Emergency general surgery (EGS) patients have a disproportionate burden of death and complications. Chronic liver disease (CLD) increases the risk of complications following elective surgery. For EGS patients with CLD, long-term outcomes are unknown and risk stratification models do not reflect severity of CLD.To determine whether the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is associated with increased risk of 90-day mortality following intensive care unit (ICU) admission in EGS patients.We performed a retrospective cohort study of patients with CLD who underwent an EGS procedure based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) procedure codes and were admitted to a medical or surgical ICU within 48 hours of surgery between January 1, 1998, and September 20, 2012, at 2 academic medical centers. Chronic liver disease was identified using ICD-9 codes. Multivariable logistic regression was performed. The analysis was conducted from July 1, 2015, to January 1, 2016.The primary outcome was all-cause 90-day mortality.A total of 13 552 EGS patients received critical care; of these, 707 (5%) (mean [SD] age at hospital admission, 56.6 [14.2] years; 64% male; 79% white) had CLD and data to determine MELD score at ICU admission. The median MELD score was 14 (interquartile range, 10-20). Overall 90-day mortality was 30.1%. The adjusted odds ratio of 90-day mortality for each 10-point increase in MELD score was 1.63 (95% CI, 1.34-1.98). A decrease in MELD score of more than 3 in the 48 hours following ICU admission was associated with a 2.2-fold decrease in 90-day mortality (odds ratio = 0.46; 95% CI, 0.22-0.98).In this study, MELD score was associated with 90-day mortality following EGS in patients with CLD. The MELD score can be used as a prognostic factor in this patient population and should be used in preoperative risk prediction models and when counseling EGS patients on the risks and benefits of operative intervention.
Symptom assessment tools used in a hospital-based pain and symptom care program at the University of North Carolina–A novel proxy rating system
Authors: S. A. Bernard, C. B. Lee, B. Usher, B. Qaqish, R. Schwartz, L. C. Hanson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8579 Background: Level of consciousness (LOC) often varies in the palliative care patient population. Tools are needed to reliably rate symptoms. The purpose of our analysis was to describe the patient demographics and rating distributions elicited by two distinct measurement tools, one for those able to self-rate (SR) and one for proxy-rated (PR) patients. Methods: Data obtained prospectively over the time period 1/2002–12/2004 was reviewed. A symptom distress scale using 11 items on a 5 point Likert-type scale (5=most severe) was adapted from the revised McCorkle symptom distress scale and used for alert and oriented patients. Symptoms evaluated included nausea, mood, appetite, shortness of breath (SOB), insomnia, pain, mobility, fatigue, constipation, decreased LOC, and delirium. For patients unable to SR, an advanced practice nurse rated symptoms using the Detroit Medical Center non-verbal pain scale and proxy symptom distress measures adapted from the Common Toxicity Criteria Manual, version 2. Rated symptoms included pain, vomiting, constipation, tachypnea, depressed LOC, and agitated delirium. Results: A total of 259 patients with data from visits 1 and 2 were included in the analysis. On visit 1, 46% (61/133) of PR patients were male, 70% (94/134) were ≥60yrs and 73% (98/134) were Caucasian. Symptom distress scores varied by rater and visit (Table). Conclusions: There is a need for proxy symptom distress measurement in the palliative care patient population as LOC fluctuates. Variability in symptom distress ratings between the SR and PR groups, with a trend toward lower scores in PR patients, is in accordance with the current literature. Of note, there was a consistent improvement in scores, regardless of rater, when visit 2 was compared to visit 1. We plan a prospective study of inter-rater reliability and validity of this novel symptom scoring system. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
THE TRANSIENT GLOBAL AMNESIA SYNDROME
Authors: L G Erokhina, L V Stakhovskaia, T V Sarycheva
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Traditional, complementary, and alternative medicine approaches to mental health care and psychological wellbeing in India and China
Authors: Jagadisha Thirthalli, Liang Zhou, Kishore Kumar, Jie Gao, Henna Vaid, Huiming Liu, Alex Hankey, Guojun Wang, Bangalore N Gangadhar, Jing-Bao Nie, Mark Nichter
Journal: The Lancet Psychiatry (2016)
Abstract 41: XI-006 induces potent p53-independent apoptosis in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Kathleen Pishas, Susan Neuhaus, Mark Clayer, Gelareh Farshid, Alexander Staudacher, David Callen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Despite aggressive multi-modal treatment strategies, limited improvement in overall survival rates for patients diagnosed with Ewing sarcoma, the second most prevalent solid bone tumor observed in children and young adolescents, has been achieved over the past thirty years. As such, new targeted therapies are urgently required particularly for those sarcoma patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. Overexpression of MDM4, a major transcriptional regulator of the TP53 tumour suppressor has been documented in a substantial proportion of Ewing, Synovial and Osteosarcomas (&amp;gt;30%). For this reason, we have examined the molecular and cellular responses of cultured Ewing and Osteosarcoma cell lines following treatment with XI-006 (NSC207895), a small molecule 4-nitrobenzofuroxan derivative MDM4 transcriptional inhibitor. XI-0006 treatment of Ewing and osteosarcoma cell lines (n=11) resulted in rapid and potent apoptosis at low nano-molar concentrations specifically in Ewing sarcoma cell lines (48hr IC50: 0.098-1.61µM). Importantly, the viability of normal human fibroblasts (IMR90) remained unaffected at these low nano-molar concentrations (48hr IC50: 6.80µM). Unexpectedly, apoptotic response was not dependent on MDMX mRNA and protein levels or TP53 status. Alkaline/neutral comet and γH2AX immunofluorescence assays revealed that the cytotoxic effects of XI-006 at low nano-molar concentrations could not be attributed to the induction of DNA damage. RNA expression analysis of XI-006 treated cell lines revealed that the mechanism of action of XI-006 could be attributed to the inhibition of cell division and cycle regulators such as KIF20A and GPSM2. XI-006 was also shown to synergise with current Ewing sarcoma chemotherapeutic protocols, Doxorubicin, Etoposide and Actinomycin D in vitro. Furthermore, combinatorial treatment with Olaparib led to a maximum 56.3% increase in apoptosis compared to XI-006 alone, due to the down-regulation of Mre11. Our pre-clinical findings suggest that XI-006 represents a novel therapeutic intervention for the treatment of Ewing sarcoma, and warrants further pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigations of XI-006 in vivo. Citation Format: Kathleen Pishas, Susan Neuhaus, Mark Clayer, Gelareh Farshid, Alexander Staudacher, David Callen. XI-006 induces potent p53-independent apoptosis in Ewing sarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; Jun 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2016;22(1_Suppl):Abstract nr 41.
Reply
Authors: Kristina M. Mueller, Richard Moriggl
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Pruniau et al. observed growth defects and metabolic abnormalities in mice expressing the Cre recombinase in the liver under control of the albumin promoter and albumin/α-fetoprotein enhancer (AlfpCre). We agree that these findings imply careful interpretation of data, but their letter does not reflect correct interpretation of our findings. The authors claim, based on their data, that GH-deficiency in AlfpCre mice causes steatosis and up-regulation of genes involved in lipid uptake and synthesis. First, Stat5AlfpCre as well as Stat5AlfpCre;GRAlfpCre mice display hepatic GH resistance, which is characterized by a 3- to 8-fold increase of murine (m) GH in plasma compared to age- and sex-matched AlfpCre negative littermates.1 GRAlfpCre mice show plasma mGH concentrations comparable to control mice. Moreover, the presence of the Cre transgene in GRAlfpCre mice does not lead to hepatic steatosis and up-regulation of genes involved in hepatic lipid synthesis and uptake.1 Second, our data resemble findings published by the Hennighausen laboratory, which report that Stat5 deletion causes hepatic steatosis and carcinoma formation using Alb-Cre mice.2, 3 Additionally, we examined body weights of 2-month-old Stat5loxP/loxP;GRloxP/loxP;Tg:AlfpCre/0, Stat5flox/+;GRloxP/+, and Stat5loxP/+;GRloxP/+; Tg:AlfpCre/0 male littermates. There were no significant differences in body weights of mice lacking the AlfpCre transgene and Stat5loxP/+;GRloxP/+;Tg:AlfpCre/0 mice (Fig. 1). In contrast, Stat5loxP/loxP;GRloxP/loxP;Tg:AlfpCre/0 animals show a severely reduced body weight4 (Fig. 1). For comparison purposes, we provide the body weights of 2-month-old Stat5ΔN mice (no Cre), which have a growth defect due to impaired STAT5-GR protein-protein interaction.4 In brief, the origin, backcrossing procedure, and transmission route for AlfpCre transgenic mice, dietary, and mouse house conditions used by Pruniau et al. are missing. Their C57BL/6 growth curves are puzzling and indicative of dwarfism in wild-type controls. Experimental group sizes were small and prolonged growth curves for both sexes are essential and should not be presented in a linear manner. Kristina M. Mueller, Dipl. Ing.Richard Moriggl, Ph.D. Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna, Austria
Evaluation of Cesarean Section Hysterectomy
Authors: E LARSSON
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Loose Teeth and Excessive Thirst
Authors: Roman H Khonsari, Blandine Ruhin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

A 36-year-old man presented with oral pain and loose teeth; four teeth had been lost spontaneously within the 6 months before presentation. Increased thirst and urination had developed during the preceding 4 months. Blood electrolyte levels revealed hypernatremia and dehydration.
A prospective study of autologous bone marrow or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation after intensive chemotherapy in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: E Wattel, E Solary, X Leleu, F Dreyfus, A Brion, JP Jouet, L Hoang-Ngoc, F Maloisel, A Guerci, H Rochant, N Gratecos, P Casassus, M Janvier, P Brice, P Lepelley, P Fenaux
Journal: Leukemia (1999)
Photodynamic Therapy for Airway Malignancies: The Ohio State University Experience Since 1998
Authors: Patrick Ross
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

Although treatment of cutaneous breast and lung cancers with photodynamic therapy (PDT) was initiated in the 1970s and 1980s, approval of its use in the United States for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) came in 1998. That same year, the first PDT procedure for NSCLC was performed at The Ohio State University (OSU), and since then, approximately 1000 cases of airway malignancies have been treated with PDT there. Based on this extensive experience at OSU, PDT has emerged as an effective alternative for the palliative treatment of hemoptysis, obstructive metastatic disease to the lungs, and tracheal lesions, with a low rate of complications. Moving beyond its role for symptomatic relief, PDT also may prove to be useful in the curative setting as induction therapy in conjunction with other modalities, such as surgery and chemotherapy, and for early airway cancer. Further investigation into the indirect systemic effects and associated inflammatory reactions with PDT may make the term photoimmunotherapy a more accurate designation.
Plasma cortisol and beta-endorphin immunoreactivity in nonmajor and major depression
Authors: M R Cohen, D Pickar, I Extein, M S Gold, D R Sweeney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Plasma cortisol levels of 28 hospitalized patients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria for major or nonmajor (minor or intermittent) depression were significantly higher than those of eight normal subjects. In contrast, plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity was significantly lower in patients with nonmajor depression than in those with major depression or in normal subjects. A low ratio of plasma beta-endorphin to cortisol immunoreactivity was found to characterize patients in both groups. Through the use of only this ratio, a post-hoc analysis identified 25 depressed patients and seven controls. These findings have implications for psychiatric diagnosis and the involvement of the endogenous opioid system in the pathogenesis of depression.
Older people benefit from intensive blood pressure control
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Elderly patients would benefit from a lower target level for systolic blood pressure, research published in JAMA has found.

The randomised controlled trial found that, in over 75s, reducing blood pressure to less than 120 mm Hg resulted in significantly lower rates of fatal and non-fatal major cardiovascular events and death from any cause than with a systolic blood pressure target of less than 140 mm Hg.1

The researchers analysed a subgroup of 2636 adults aged 75 or older with hypertension but without diabetes in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). The mean …
RUNX1 and NF-E2 Transcriptional Upregulation Is Not Specific For Myeloproliferative Neoplasms But Is Seen In Those Polycythemic Disorders With Augmented HIFs Signaling
Authors: Katarina Kapralova, Lucie Lanikova, Felipe R Lorenzo V, Monika Horvathova, Vladimir Divoky, Josef T. Prchal
Journal: Blood (2013)
An Appeal to the Younger Members of the Medical Profession
Authors: F. T. Roberts, E. Owen, W. Collingridge, W. Duncan, J. E. Squire
Journal: BMJ (1900)

to the War Office that he and Lady Carrington will place Hill Farm House, High Wycombe, at its disposal as a convalescent home for invalid soldiers for a space of two years.Nurses and a doctor have volunteered their services, and all the authorities will have to provide will be daily rations.The Governors of Newark Hospital have offered the War Office the use of vacant
High-intensity signals in Alzheimer's disease without cerebrovascular risk factors: a magnetic resonance imaging evaluation
Authors: A Kumar, D Yousem, E Souder, D Miller, G Gottlieb, R Gur, A Alavi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The authors examined the relationship between Alzheimer's disease, without cerebrovascular risk factors, and high-intensity signals on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a 1.5-tesla scanner. There were no significant differences in MRI high-intensity signals between subjects with Alzheimer's disease (N = 16) and healthy control subjects (N = 23).