tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of ER/PR Weak Expression on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.
Authors: S. Min, C. Park, S. Lee, S. Jung, S. Lee, S. Kim, H. Kang, Y. Kwon
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) is now a relatively standard treatment for advanced breast cancer. Many reporters suggest that the response rate of NAC on ER/PR positive breast cancer is lower than on ER/PR negative cancer. However, there are few reports regarding the effectiveness of NAC according to expression of ER/PR. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of NAC on ER/PR weak positive breast cancer compared with ER/PR negative and strong positive breast cancer.Patients and Methods: 495 patients who underwent NAC between 2001 and 2008 were included. The patients were treated with variable chemotherapy regimens. We analyzed the response rate to NAC by revewing the preoperative breast imaging study including breast US and postoperative pathologic report. ER/PR expression by IHC were scored as negative, weak positive, intermediate and strong positive. We compared weak positive group with negative and strong positive group. We assessed clinicopathologic characteristics, response rate, disease progression according to ER/PR expression and chemotherapy regimens.Results: There were 165(33.3%) of ER/PR negative, 47(9.5%) of weak positive and 207(41.8%) of strong positive, respectively. Most of preoperative clinical stage was stage IIIA, 166(39.6%). Mean age of patients was 46.7±10.1 year. The pathologic complete response(pCR) was 47(11.2%). In weak positive group, pCR, partial response, stable disease, progressive disease was 9(19.1%), 23(48.9%), 9(19.1%) and 6(12.8%), respectively. There was no significant difference between weak positive group and negative group. However, pCR was less(11(5.3%)) in strong positive group compared with weak positive group. (p=0.004). In patients treated with preoperative anthracycline-based NAC and taxen-based NAC weak positive group was similar to negative group. However, pCR rate of strong positive group was lower than other groups.Conclusion: The clinicopathologic behaviors and effect of NAC on weak positive breast cancer were similar to ER/PR negative breast cancer. Therefore, neoadjuvant chemotherapy might be more effective in ER/PR weak positive breast cancer rather than strong positive breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4157.
NEUROPATHOLOGIC LESIONS FOLLOWING LOBOTOMY
Authors: NAOMI RASKIN, GEORGE STRASSMAN, CHARLOTTE C. VAN WINKLE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

The objectives of this survey were the study of the brain changes following lobotomy and the influence of infection, toxins, systemic disease, etc., on the course of healing of the wound. The findings in the cases of long and short survival are compared and evaluated. 1 The brain wound is larger than the original incision in all cases. 2. The process of repair in an aseptic wound is slow and when completed results in cystic necrotic formations in the white matter of frontal lobes. 3. The cortical wound heals faster than the subcortical. 4. The meninges are thickened and there are often adhesions between the dura, leptomeninges, and the cortical wound. 5. The process of repair may be greatly retarded by bacterial infections, toxins, focal and systemic infection, nephritis, etc., preceding or following lobotomy. 6. Because of technical difficulties, more tissue is destroyed than the rationale of this treatment warrants. 7. The clinical expression of this added destruction may account for many symptoms beclouding the release of tension and anxiety achieved by sectioning of the thalamofrontal fibers.
Abstract 773: Inhibition of HIF-1 impairs TGF-β-mediated immunosuppression
Authors: Koji Teramoto, You Kawaguchi, Tetsuo Hori, Yasuhiko Ohshio, Shoji Kitamura, Jun Hanaoka, Noriaki Tezuka, Keiichi Kontani
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hypoxia is one of distinctive features of the tumor microenvironment. In the tumor tissues under hypoxia, a transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays a critical role in regulating expressions of various genes associated with tumor growth. In order to understand the immunobiology of hypoxic tumor microenvironment, it is of great interest to elucidate the anti-tumor immune responses regulated by HIF-1. From these viewpoints, we focused on a relationship between HIF-1 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). TGF-β which is derived from either tumor cells or tumor stromal cells may be regulated by HIF-1 and suppress anti-tumor immune responses in tumor-bearing hosts. In this report, we hypothesized that eliminated expression of TGF-β by inhibition of HIF-1 in tumor tissue would contribute to augmentation of anti-tumor immune responses. We examined the possibilities in tumor-bearing mice models. C57BL/6 mice bearing mouse lymphoma E.G7 were administrated HIF-1 siRNA into the tumor tissue four times at 2-day interval. Seven days after the last administration of HIF-1 siRNA, anti-tumor immune responses elicited in the mice were examined. As results, inhibition of HIF-1 in tumor tissue led to low expression of TGF-β mRNA as well as low level of TGF-β protein there. In tumor-draining lymph nodes where TGF-β derived from tumor tissue would affect anti-tumor immune responses, the numbers of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ cells (regulatory T cells) as well as CD11b+Gr-1+ cells (myeloid-derived suppressor cells) were decreased. Meanwhile, tumor antigen-specific CD8+ as well as CD4+ cells producing IFN-γ were increased. In spleen, production of reactive oxygen species by CD11b+Gr-1+ cells was recovered to the same level as that from normal mouse. Tumor antigen-specific CD8+ as well as CD4+ cells producing IFN-γ were increased and cytotoxic activity against target E.G7 cells were enhanced in spleen. Subsequently, tumor growth was effectively suppressed by inhibition of HIF-1. Inhibition of HIF-1 in tumor tissue can reduce expression of TGF-β there. This contributes to weakening suppressor cells in tumor-draining lymph nodes, which elicits enhanced anti-tumor immune responses systemically. These results demonstrate that hypoxia and immunosuppression in tumor microenvironment are linked by HIF-1and TGF-β, respectively. Inhibition of HIF-1 can improve anti-tumor immune responses, and provides a new rationale with the cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 773. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-773
FDG PET/CT Appearance of Tumor Thrombus of Ovarian Vessels Masquerading as Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Yaping Luo, Ruie Feng, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 23-year-old woman with recurrent uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma underwent FDG PET/CT, which showed pelvic recurrence and multiple pulmonary metastases. In addition, increased activity in a vertical soft tissue mass along the left ureter was noted, which appears similar to retroperitoneal fibrosis on PET/CT images. However, pathological examination demonstrated that the elevated FDG activity in this mass was a result of tumor thrombus from endometrial stromal sarcoma in the left ovarian arteries and veins.
FDG PET of Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma
Authors: Justin R. Montgomery, Gary R. Conrad, Partha Sinha, Kimberly Absher
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a very rare, but distinctive type of soft tissue sarcoma, whose name is derived from the pseudoalveolar appearance of its histology. In this report, the FDG PET/CT findings of ASPS are described in a 17-year-old asthmatic female who presented with worsening respiratory symptoms and a pelvic mass. The staging PET showed heterogeneous intense incorporation of FDG within the mass and variable FDG incorporation within the multiple lung nodules. In concordance with other soft tissue sarcomas, PET/CT helped to confirm the anatomic origin of the ASPS, to direct its biopsy, and to assess the distribution of disease.
Tuberculosis Localized in the Vermiform Appendix
Authors: Hyman Morrison, Charles G. Mixter, Monroe J. Schlesinger, William B. Ober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

TUBERCULOSIS localized in the vermiform appendix as the only tuberculous lesion in the body is relatively rare. As such it is recognized only by pathological examination after appendectomy for supposed acute suppurative appendicitis. In one case recorded in the literature it was disclosed only at autopsy after an antemortem clinical diagnosis of peritoneal carcinoma.1 In another case, in which the patient died after the removal of the appendix, which proved to be tuberculous, autopsy failed to reveal any other tuberculous lesion except secondary involvement of the ileocecal lymph nodes.2 It is not uncommon, however, to find the appendix involved when . . .
Abstract 5278: Suppression of angiogenic potential of breast cancer by the inhibition of SAF-1 transcription factor activity
Authors: Alpana Ray, Srijita Dhar, Bimal K. Ray
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Angiogenesis plays an important role in the tumor growth and metastasis by facilitating increased blood supply and thus fueling unwanted growth factors and nutrients to the growing tumor. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is recognized as a multifunctional angiogenic stimulator that stimulates blood vessel formation and endothelial cell survival. Recent therapeutic trials with anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab (Avastin), although produced beneficial effects on some cancers including colorectal and lung cancers, had very limited beneficial outcome in breast cancer. The diverse response of avastin raised questions about the efficacy of anti-VEGF antibody approach for breast cancer therapy. Despite the disappointing outcome, it cannot be ignored that regulation of angiogenesis plays a critical role in breast cancer. We hypothesized that angiogenesis may be better controlled by blocking the synthesis of VEGF protein as opposed to the present approach that attempts to block the functions of VEGF by using antibodies. Induction of VEGF by a plethora of physiological and environmental stimuli strongly suggests the presence of multiple routes of VEGF synthesis, which are incompletely understood. We present evidence for a novel mode of transcriptional induction of VEGF, regulated by an inflammation-responsive transcription factor, SAF-1. Incidentally, inflammatory breast cancer exhibits increased angiogenesis and has a higher metastatic potential than noninflammatory breast cancer, supporting the notion that chronic inflammation plays a strong role in angiogenesis and in the progression of cancer. SAF-1 is present in high abundance in human breast cancer tissues. We show that inhibition of endogenous SAF-1 by antisense shRNA can markedly inhibit VEGF expression and block cancer cell-supported vascular endothelial cell function and angiogenesis. Furthermore, SAF-1 inhibition by shRNA reduces tumor growth in mouse tumor model. We provide evidence that SAF-1-mediated induction of VEGF remains suppressed by KLF-4 transcription factor which is abundantly present in normal breast epithelial cells but absent in breast cancer cells. Mutually exclusive interaction of KLF-4 and SAF-1 at the VEGF promoter provides a mechanism for regulation of low-expression of VEGF in normal breast tissues. In correlation, lack of KLF-4 in breast cancer cells appears to be linked to un-restricted interaction of SAF-1 leading to the induction of VEGF expression. Together, our studies provide a new insight into the molecular mechanisms of VEGF expression regulated by SAF-1 and its impact in angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5278. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5278
IMPACT OF ARTERIAL ACCESS SITE ON RISK FOR ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PCI: RESULTS FROM A LARGE SINGLE-CENTER PCI REGISTRY
Authors: Avi Levine, Usman Baber, Melissa Aquino, Swathi Roy, Prakash Krishnan, Pedro Moreno, Jason Kovacic, Roxana Mehran, Samin Sharma, Annapoorna Kini
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
CURRENT RESULTS OF THE MELODY REGISTRY: AN INTERNATIONAL MULTICENTER REGISTRY OF TRANSCATHETER PULMONARY VALVE IMPLANTATION
Authors: Johannes Nordmeyer, Peter Ewert, Marc Gewillig, Mario Carminati, Anselm Uebing, Lee Benson, Dietmar Schranz, Ingo Daehnert, Mansour Aljufan, Oliver Kretschmar, Felix Berger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Association of<i>Streptococcus bovis</i>with Carcinoma of the Colon
Authors: Robert S. Klein, Rose A. Recco, Michela T. Catalano, Stephen C. Edberg, Joan I. Casey, Neal H. Steigbigel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Two patients with colonic adenocarcinoma and Streptococcus bovis endocarditis suggested a possible association between the two. Non-enterococcal Group D streptococci were isolated from fecal cultures of 11 of 105 controls, 35 of 63 patients with carcinoma of the colon, seven of 25 with inflammatory bowel disease, four of 21 with non-colonic neoplasms and five of 37 with other gastrointestinal disorders. All such streptococci examined for lactose fermentation were S. bovis. The prevalence of S. bovis in fecal cultures from patients with carcinoma of the colon was significantly increased (P less than 0.001) as compared to that in controls, and also to all other groups (P less than 0.001). No other group had results significantly different from those of controls (P less than 0.05) although patients with inflammatory bowel disease were more frequently carriers. The carrier state was unrelated to age, hospitalization status, colonic stasis, gastrointestinal bleeding or recent barium-enema examination. The implications of this association are unknown.
Evidence That Histamine Is the Causative Toxin of Scombroid-Fish Poisoning
Authors: Jason D. Morrow, Gary R. Margolies, Jerry Rowland, L. Jackson Roberts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The highest morbidity worldwide from fish poisoning results from the ingestion of spoiled scombroid fish, such as tuna and mackerel, and its cause is not clear. Histamine could be responsible, because spoiled scombroid fish contain large quantities of histamine. Whether histamine is the causative toxin, however, has remained in question. To address this issue, we investigated whether histamine homeostasis is altered in poisoned people.
Abstract 5048: Global microRNA expression array analysis and potential application in discovery of promising drugs for hematologic cancer
Authors: Narayan M. Shivapurkar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Hematologic cancers, the third most common cause of cancer deaths, will kill ∼50,000 Americans this year. Early diagnosis and innovative treatment has been proposed to result in cure. Bendamustine (BM) is a synthetic drug which is highly effective in broad range of hematologic cancers. The efficacy of the drug is attributed to the ability of the drug to induce apoptosis as well as to inhibit cell cycle. It was highly effective in patients whose disease is refractory to other established drugs. Gambogic acid (GA) is the major active component of gambose, the resin secreted from Garcinia hanburryi which also has strong ability to induce apoptosis as well as inhibit cell cycle. microRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of the gene expression. Neither BM nor GA had been previously reported for their effect on miRNA expression profiles in hematologic or other cancers. We have set up an innovative global miRNA expression analysis array. Using this miRNA expression array, we analysed global expression in leukemia cells in culture treated with or without treatment of MB or GA. Our data showed comparable inhibition of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis by both GA and BM at a dose of GA several folds lower than that of BM. Our data, based on miRNA expression analysis using genome-wide miRNA expression array showed five common miRNAs, found differentially expressed (more than 3 times up or down regulated compared to untreated group with p&amp;lt;0.05) in both GA and BM treated groups. The data is particularly interesting, since these miRNAs have been reported to target and thus modulate expression of proteins of apoptotic pathway and senescence pathway. Out data suggest that drugs that induce apoptosis as well as inhibit cell cycle may have great therapeutic potential in hematologic cancers. Based on our data it appears that the drugs with anticancer properties may affect a common set or sets of miRNAs. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first report describing effect of both BM and GA on miRNA expression profile, not in just hematologic cancer but any cancer. Our study provides strong evidence to suggest that specific miRNA expression signature/s of hematologic cancer cells in culture following drug treatment should be further explored to screen promising drugs with higher anticancer properties. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5048. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5048
The elephant in the single room debate: keeping patients active
Authors: J. Bernhardt, T. Cumming
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The overwhelming trend in new hospital design is for single bedrooms. As Pennington rightly points out, single rooms increase privacy and allow for better sleep, as well as helping in the fight against infections.1 However, they can lead to isolation and necessitate different practices or systems for monitoring safety. Whether we choose single or multi-bed rooms in our hospitals, what is missing …
Beyond economic games: A mutualistic approach to the rest of moral life
Authors: Jesse Graham
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Mutualism provides a compelling account of the fairness intuitions on display in economic games. However, it is not yet clear how well the approach holds up as an explanation of all human morality. The theory needs to be tested outside the methodological neighborhood it was born in; such testing has the potential to greatly improve our understanding of morality in general.
Abstract 4307: Establishment of a patient-derived diffuse infiltrative pontine glioma primary cell line and animal model: Implications for future investigations and treatment
Authors: Rintaro Hashizume, Yasuyuki Aoki, Sharon Liu, Ivan Smirnov, Joanna J. Phillips, Tracy McKnight, Charles D. James, Nalin Gupta
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Diffuse infiltrating brainstem glioma arises almost exclusively in children and despite advances in imaging, neurosurgery and radiotherapy, the majority of patients die within 2 years after initial diagnosis. Because of the infiltrative nature and anatomic location in an eloquent area of the brain, most brainstem gliomas are treated without a surgical biopsy. The corresponding lack of tissue samples has resulted in a limited understanding of the underlying genetic and biochemical abnormalities associated with these tumors, and is a substantial obstacle for the development of animal model designed specifically for the preclinical testing of specific molecular target of brainstem gliomas. We established a brainstem glioma cells originated from human biopsy sample of a low grade brainstem glioma. The brainstem glioma cells were subsequently modified with hTERT (human telomerase ribonucleoprotein reverse transcriptase) to immortalize the cells and analyzed genetic and biochemical abnomalities of the cells. The established human brainstem glioma cells were tumorgenic in athymic rodents and the developed brainstem tumor was recapitulated the infiltrative growth of diffuse infiltrating brainstem glioma in patients, and can be monitored for tumor growth noninvasively by bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4307. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4307
THU0034 Rheumatoid arthritis bone fragility is associated with increased DKK1 expression and disturbances in the bone turnover regulating genes
Authors: J. Caetano-Lopes, A. Rodrigues, A. Lopes, A.C. Vale, J. Monteiro, M.F. Vaz, A. Nazarian, H. Canhão, J.E. Fonseca
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and primary osteoporosis (OP) induce bone fragility. In this study we aimed at identifying differences in the mechanisms involved in bone fragility by comparing gene expression between RA and OP bone samples with similar fracture risk factors. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with RA submitted to hip replacement surgery were recruited. Trabecular bone microarchitecture was assessed by micro-computed tomography and bone mechanical behavior by compression tests. Bone cell activity was analyzed by studying gene expression. RA patients compared with OP patients were matched for bone mineral density (BMD) and major clinical fracture risk factors (age, gender, BMI, FRAX). <h3>Results</h3> Seventeen patients were included, ten with RA and seven with primary established OP. Bone microarchitecture did not differ between the groups, but mechanical bone properties were similarly decreased in RA and primary OP patients. RA bone microenvironment, compared to primary OP, had a gene expression profile characterized by upregulated pro-osteoclastogenic cytokines and DKK1, increased RANKL/OPG ratio, paralleled by raised expression of factors that promote osteoblastic activity, but with low COL1A1 expression. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Bone fragility in RA patients is induced by an unbalanced bone turnover that is qualitatively different from the pathobiologic phenomena that occur in primary OP. The type of bone gene disturbances is suggestive of a pivotal role for DKK1 in this process, suggesting that it could be used as a therapeutic target to prevent RA bone damage. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared