tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stem cells and EGFR in triple-negative breast cancer: Promising therapies for the future.
Authors: G. Patil, B. S. Ajaikumar, V. Harini, S. Ajesh, A. Nargund, S. Rao, V. C. Babu, E. Venkataswami, R. Rao, R. Sahoo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11028 Background: In general approximately 10%-15% of breast carcinomas (BCs) are known to be triple-negative (TNBC) that are basal like and characterized by distinct molecular, histological, clinical features and unfavorable prognosis due to lack of targeted molecular markers. However, from recent reports, presence of stem cell-like properties a distinct feature of TNBC, the treatment options for TNBC is still an open challenge. We evaluated the presence of stem cells in both triple- and non-triple-negative breast cancer tissue samples along with EGFR over expression and mutation status. Methods: In this retrospective cohort 20 tissue samples of triple-negative breast cancers were compared with 10 samples of non- triple-negative breast cancers for presence or absence of stem cells (CD44+, CD24+ cells). EGFR over expression is evaluated by immunohistochemistry whereas mutation (L858R and Del 19) was carried out by ARMS PCR (DxS kit). Half of the cohort from each category were selected based on their prognosis to treatment (survival ≥ 4 years as cut off) as bad or good. Both triple negativity status and prognostic status were compared for stem cell markers, EGFR expression and EGFR mutation using MannWhitney U tests. Results: There was a significant increase in CD44% in triple negative (z = -2.8, p = 0.005), where as there was a significant increase in CD24% in non-triple negative (z = -3.2, p = 0.001). However, interaction effects of CD44 and CD24 together showed increase in the presence of these markers in triple negative (z = -2.2, p = 0.03) as compared to non-triple-negative cohort. There were no significant differences in the stem cell markers between bad and good prognosis. Expression of EGFR was seen in 40%, while mutations in EGFR was seen in 50% of the triple-negative samples therefore opening possibilities of treatment in TNBC. Conclusions: There is a significant increase in presence of stem cell markers in triple-negative as compared to non-triple-negative breast cancers. EGFR expression and mutation offers promise for EGFR based therapies in triple-negative breast cancers. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Drug Misuse: A Practical Handbook for GP's.
Authors: A. Banks, T. A. N. Waller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Part 1 Theoretical background: drug misuse in perspective different drugs of misuse medical conditions arising from drug misuse legislation and the GP prevention. Part 2 Practical management: initial care long term care women and drugs, pregnancy and child care drugs, the family and the GP.
MB-51TANDEM HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANT USING SYNGENEIC CELLS
Authors: Victor Zecchin, Nasjla Saba, Andrea Cappellano, Sergio Cavalheiro, Patricia Dastoli, Ana Cristina Mendonca, Renata Guimaraes, Virginio Fernandes Junior, Cintia Monteiro, Adriane Ibanez, Leticia Ribeiro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
LG-27DKFZ-BT66 - A NOVEL PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA MODEL FOR PRECLINICAL DRUG TESTING
Authors: Florian Selt, Juliane Hohloch, Jan Gronych, Viktoria Marquardt, Felix Sahm, Martin U. Schuhmann, Tilman Brummer, Pablo Hernáiz Driever, Ulrich W. Thomale, Heidi Bächli, Andreas E. Kulozik, Andreas von Deimling, Marc Remke, David T.W. Jones, Stefan M. Pfister, Till Milde, Olaf Witt
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Setdb1 maintains hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by restricting the ectopic activation of nonhematopoietic genes
Authors: Shuhei Koide, Motohiko Oshima, Keiyo Takubo, Satoshi Yamazaki, Eriko Nitta, Atsunori Saraya, Kazumasa Aoyama, Yuko Kato, Satoru Miyagi, Yaeko Nakajima-Takagi, Tetsuhiro Chiba, Hirotaka Matsui, Fumio Arai, Yutaka Suzuki, Hiroshi Kimura, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Toshio Suda, Yoichi Shinkai, Atsushi Iwama
Journal: Blood (2016)
Frequency and Organ Distribution of Lung Tumor Metastases in CF-1 Mice
Authors: V. S. Turusov, N. E. Breslow, L. Tomatis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Frequency and Organ Distribution of Lung Tumor Metastases in CF-1 Mice Get access V. S. Turusov, V. S. Turusov Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. E. Breslow, N. E. Breslow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Tomatis L. Tomatis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 1, January 1974, Pages 225–232, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.1.225 Published: 01 January 1974 Article history Received: 24 July 1973 Accepted: 05 September 1973 Published: 01 January 1974
Are allopurinol dose and duration of use nephroprotective in the elderly? A Medicare claims study of allopurinol use and incident renal failure
Authors: Jasvinder A Singh, Shaohua Yu
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

To assess the effect of allopurinol dose/duration on the risk of renal failure in the elderly with allopurinol use.We used the 5% random Medicare claims data from 2006 to 2012. Multivariable-adjusted Cox regression analyses assessed the association of allopurinol dose/duration with subsequent risk of developing incident renal failure or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (no prior diagnosis in last 183 days) in allopurinol users, controlling for age, sex, race and Charlson-Romano comorbidity index. HRs with 95% CIs were calculated. Sensitivity analyses considered a longer baseline period (365 days), controlled for gout or used more specific codes.Among the 30 022 allopurinol treatment episodes, 8314 incident renal failure episodes occurred. Compared with 1-199 mg/day, allopurinol dose of 200-299 mg/day (HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.75 to 0.87) and ≥300 mg/day, 0.71 (0.67 to 0.76), had significantly lower hazard of renal failure in multivariable-adjustment model, confirmed in multiple sensitivity analyses. Longer allopurinol use duration was significantly associated with lower hazards in sensitivity analyses (365-day look-back; reference, <0.5 year): 0.5-1 year, 1.00 (0.88, 1.15); >1-2 years, 0.85 (0.73 to 0.99); and >2 years, 0.81 (0.67 to 0.98). Allopurinol ≥300 mg/day was also associated with significantly lower risk of acute renal failure and ESRD with HR of 0.89 (0.83 to 0.94) and 0.57 (0.46 to 0.71), respectively.Higher allopurinol dose is independently protective against incident renal failure in the elderly allopurinol users. A longer duration of allopurinol use may be associated with lower risk of incident renal failure. Potential mechanisms of these effects need to be examined.
Diabetes Mellitus in General Practice.
Authors: W L CALOV
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

The practitioner of medicine will be impressed with Colwell's "Diabetes Mellitus in General Practice". It is neat in forma and in its content. It is interesting to note that the definition of diabetes, at the beginning of chapter one, reveals the transitory state of knowledge, as far as the underlying cause of the disease is concerned. The old definition with the pentad of symptoms originally described in the Papyrus Ebers, and repeated monotonously up to thirty years ago, is gone; but the definition of tomorrow, the ultimate one, has not yet been written. The background of the diabetic patient is discussed in a satisfactory way. Cases are designated as mild, moderate and severe, depending on the clinical severity of the disease. The time at which diabetes makes its appearance and the severrty of the disease receive due consideration. Classification and diagnosis receive adequate consideration, and this gives the author ample
Ocular Infections
Authors: Jules L. Baum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Ocular Defense MechanismTHE major natural barriers to surface infection are the tears and conjunctiva in combination with eyelid action. The cornea, except for tight zonula occludens at the epithelial layer, is relatively defenseless but is washed constantly by tears containing secretory IgA and lysozyme. The normal conjunctiva contains an extraordinary number of infiltrative inflammatory cells (about 300,000 per milliliter) and is rich in all immunologic components, including secretory IgA; this combination provides a defense mechanism that maintains a reasonable surface flora to discourage colonization with more noxious potential invaders. In addition to enormous numbers of lymphocytes, plasma cells and . . .
Surveillance of tuberculosis in Ireland
Authors: A Smith, D Igoe, D O’Flanagan, T Holohan
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2000)

The first disaggregate data on tuberculosis in Ireland were collected in 1998. A total of 424 cases were notified (rate 11.7/100 000 population), of which 241 cases were culture positive and 122 were smear positive pulmonary cases. Only 35 cases were fore
Biological Studies on the Rous Sarcoma Virus. III. The Recovery of Virus From Experimental Tumors in Relation to Initiating Dose
Authors: W. Ray Bryan, Dorothy Calnan, John B. Moloney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Biological Studies on the Rous Sarcoma Virus. III. The Recovery of Virus From Experimental Tumors in Relation to Initiating Dose Get access W. Ray Bryan, W. Ray Bryan National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dorothy Calnan, Dorothy Calnan National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John B. Moloney John B. Moloney National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 1, August 1955, Pages 317–335, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.1.317 Published: 01 August 1955 Article history Received: 25 March 1955 Published: 01 August 1955
Electrophysiology of glioma: a Rho GTPase-activating protein reduces tumor growth and spares neuron structure and function
Authors: Eleonora Vannini, Francesco Olimpico, Silvia Middei, Martine Ammassari-Teule, Erik L. de Graaf, Liam McDonnell, Gudula Schmidt, Alessia Fabbri, Carla Fiorentini, Laura Baroncelli, Mario Costa, Matteo Caleo
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Glioblastomas are the most aggressive type of brain tumor. A successful treatment should aim at halting tumor growth and protecting neuronal cells to prevent functional deficits and cognitive deterioration. Here, we exploited a Rho GTPase-activating bacterial protein toxin, cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1), to interfere with glioma cell growth in vitro and vivo. We also investigated whether this toxin spares neuron structure and function in peritumoral areas. We performed a microarray transcriptomic and in-depth proteomic analysis to characterize the molecular changes triggered by CNF1 in glioma cells. We also examined tumor cell senescence and growth in vehicle- and CNF1-treated glioma-bearing mice. Electrophysiological and morphological techniques were used to investigate neuronal alterations in peritumoral cortical areas. Administration of CNF1 triggered molecular and morphological hallmarks of senescence in mouse and human glioma cells in vitro. CNF1 treatment in vivo induced glioma cell senescence and potently reduced tumor volumes. In peritumoral areas of glioma-bearing mice, neurons showed a shrunken dendritic arbor and severe functional alterations such as increased spontaneous activity and reduced visual responsiveness. CNF1 treatment enhanced dendritic length and improved several physiological properties of pyramidal neurons, demonstrating functional preservation of the cortical network. Our findings demonstrate that CNF1 reduces glioma volume while at the same time maintaining the physiological and structural properties of peritumoral neurons. These data indicate a promising strategy for the development of more effective antiglioma therapies.
EPT-08A PHASE I STUDY OF SINGLE-AGENT PERIFOSINE FOR RECURRENT/REFRACTORY PEDIATRIC CNS AND SOLID TUMORS
Authors: Nathan Millard, Oren Becher, Shakeel Modak, Sofia Haque, Ivan Spasojevic, Tanya Trippett, Stephen Gilheeney, Yasmin Khakoo, David Lyden, Kevin De Braganca, Jill Kolesar, Jason Huse, Kim Kramer, Ira Dunkel
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Marked decline in pertussis followed reintroduction of pertussis vaccination in Sweden
Authors: P Olin, H O Hallander
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

Immunisation against pertussis with an acellular pertussis vaccine for children at 3, 5, and 12 months was included in the Swedish vaccination programme in January 1996, 17 years after the withdrawal of whole cell vaccine in 1979. Within months coverage r
Case 32-1962
Authors: Jacob Lerman, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Presentation of Case First admission. A seventy-five-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of fever and pain in the neck.Two months previously she began to have aching pain throughout the neck radiating into the shoulders and supraclavicular areas, with accompanying occipital and frontal headache, malaise, anorexia, night sweats and sore throat. There was no fever or loss of weight. Two weeks later tender areas appeared on both sides of the neck. The pain was relieved by aspirin.A recurrent cardiac arrhythmia had been present for thirty years. The episodes were characterized by a sudden onset of palpitation, a . . .
Bone metastases (BMs) in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): do they always correlate with poor prognosis?
Authors: S. Rinaldi, R. Berardi, M. Santoni, F. Morgese, M. Torniai, I. Fiordoliva, M. Caramanti, V. Paolucci, A. Savini, A. Onofri, D. Santini, G. Armento, S. Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Successful endoscopic vacuum therapy with new open-pore film drainage in a case of iatrogenic duodenal perforation during ERCP
Authors: Gunnar Loske, Frank Rucktäschel, Tobias Schorsch, Vera van Ackeren, Bettina Stark, Christian Müller
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Iatrogenic perforation of the duodenum during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a rare but serious complication. Very few cases of endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) of duodenal leakages have been reported [1] [2].
Patterns of psychotherapy utilization
Authors: K I Howard, C V Davidson, M T O'Mahoney, D E Orlinsky, K P Brown
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Epidemiologic research indicates that a small minority of patients make the great majority of outpatient mental health visits. This small group of long-term patients constitutes the bulk of psychotherapeutic practice and creates a disproportionate impression on mental health professionals. The authors confirmed this finding by studying 405 patients in a clinical setting with an orientation toward long-term psychotherapy: 68% of the patients attended 26 or fewer psychotherapy sessions, representing 23.3% of the total number of sessions used by all patients; 32% attended more than 26 sessions, representing 77% of the total number of sessions used by all patients.
A Medical Mystery
Authors: A F Nikkels, G E Piérard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Figure 1 This 82-year-old woman was referred to a physician. What is the diagnosis? Figure 1 This 82-year-old woman was referred to a physician. What is the diagnosis? Arjen F. Nikkels, M.D., Ph.D.Gérald E. Piérard, M.D., Ph.D.University of Liège, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial of graft-versus-host disease prevention by methotrexate/cyclosporine versus methotrexate alone in patients given marrow grafts for severe aplastic anemia [letter]
Authors: R Storb, W Leisenring, HJ Deeg, C Anasetti, F Appelbaum, W Bensinger, CD Buckner, R Clift, K Doney, J Hansen
Journal: Blood (1994)
Case 2-1978
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Presentation of Case A 41-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of cough and chest pain. There was a long history of repeated urinary-tract infections. Seven years before admission an intravenous pyelographic examination with nephrotomograms disclosed polycystic renal disease. Mild hypertension was treated with methyldopa. During the next seven years her renal function gradually deteriorated. Eight months before admission extracorporeal hemodialysis was begun. One month thereafter a cadaver renal allograft was implanted, and the patient was maintained on azathioprine and prednisone. The allograft failed to function, and hemodialysis was continued for the next 36 days. Fever developed, and cultures . . .
Expression of RXFP1 Is Decreased in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Implications for Relaxin-based Therapies
Authors: Jiangning Tan, John R. Tedrow, Justin A. Dutta, Brenda Juan-Guardela, Mehdi Nouraie, Yanxia Chu, Humberto Trejo Bittar, Kritika Ramani, Partha S. Biswas, Kristen L. Veraldi, Naftali Kaminski, Yingze Zhang, Daniel J. Kass
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2016)

Relaxin is a hormone that has been considered as a potential therapy for patients with fibrotic diseases.To gauge the potential efficacy of relaxin-based therapies in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), we studied gene expression for relaxin/insulin-like family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) in IPF lungs and controls.We analyzed gene expression data obtained from the Lung Tissue Research Consortium and correlated RXFP1 gene expression data with cross-sectional clinical and demographic data. We also employed ex vivo donor and IPF lung fibroblasts to test RXFP1 expression in vitro. We tested CGEN25009, a relaxin-like peptide, in lung fibroblasts and in bleomycin injury.We found that RXFP1 is significantly decreased in IPF. In patients with IPF, the magnitude of RXFP1 gene expression correlated directly with diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (P < 0.0001). Significantly less RXFP1 was detected in vitro in IPF fibroblasts than in donor controls. Transforming growth factor-β decreased RXFP1 in both donor and IPF lung fibroblasts. CGEN25009 was effective at decreasing bleomycin-induced, acid-soluble collagen deposition in vivo. The relaxin-like actions of CGEN25009 were abrogated by RXFP1 silencing in vitro, and, in comparison with donor lung fibroblasts, IPF lung fibroblasts exhibited decreased sensitivity to the relaxin-like effects of CGEN25009.IPF is characterized by the loss of RXFP1 expression. RXFP1 expression is directly associated with pulmonary function in patients with IPF. The relaxin-like effects of CGEN25009 in vitro are dependent on expression of RXFP1. Our data suggest that patients with IPF with the highest RXFP1 expression would be predicted to be most sensitive to relaxin-based therapies.
AT-12THE ROLE OF HIGH-DOSE MYELOABLATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY (HDCT) WITH HAEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION (HSCT) IN CHILDREN WITH ATYPICAL TERATOID RHABDOID TUMOURS (AT/RT): RESULTS OF A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Caroline Main, Katherine Cooper, Madeline Adams, Barry Pizer, Martin English, Pamela R. Kearns, Robert Phillips, Simon P. Stevens, Sophie Wilne, Keith Wheatley, Jayne S. Wilson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
PCM-02A GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MOUSE MODEL RECAPITULATES RADIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HUMAN ADAMANTINOMATOUS CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA
Authors: Jessica Boult, John Apps, Ciaran Hutchinson, Gabriela Carreno, Laura Danielson, Laura Smith, Alexander Koers, Owen Arthurs, Louis Chesler, Juan-Pedro Martinez-Barbera, Simon Robinson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) are histologically benign but clinically aggressive pituitary tumours mostly affecting children.ACPs present as mixed lesions with cystic and solid components, and are treated with surgery, radiotherapy and cystic drainage, but no specific chemotherapeutics exist.Mutations in CTNNB1, which encodes b-catenin, resulting in over-activation of the Wnt pathway are present in most human ACPs.Expression of oncogenic b-catenin in the developing pituitary in Hesx1 Cre/+ ; Ctnnb1 lox(ex3)/+ mice results in tumours resembling human ACP at the histological and molecular levels.However, no radiological studies had previously been executed in this model.T 2 -weighted MRI performed from approximately 7 weeks demonstrated enlargement and increased heterogeneity of the pituitary in Hesx1 Cre/+ ;Ctnnb1 lox(ex3)/+ mice compared to controls.The imaging phenotype remained stable prior to the development of cysts and enlargement of a solid portion of the tumour (median age 15.7 weeks, range 8.3-35.3weeks; n ¼ 14).Cystic regions presented as hyperintense areas on T 2 -weighted images; in some animals cysts were also hyperintense on T 1 -weighted MRI and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images, which is observed clinically and attributed to high cystic protein and cholesterol levels.Calcification of cystic fluid is also evident by CT in patients.The solid components showed heterogeneous enhancement on T 1 -weighted images following gadolinium contrast agent administration, again recapitulating the human phenotype.Unlike ACP patients, mice presented with significant haemorrhagic regions, which, in combination with cystic volume, was likely the cause of morbidity.The Hesx1 Cre/+ ; Ctnnb1 lox(ex3)/+ model provides a promising foundation for imaging embedded in vivo trials of promising therapeutics for the treatment of ACP.
MB-57INTERACTION OF HDAC2 AND MYC IN GROUP 3 MEDULLOBLASTOMA - A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TARGET
Authors: Jonas Ecker, Ina Oehme, Florian Selt, Marcel Kool, Martina Schnölzer, Uwe Warnken, Sebastian Brabetz, Robert Wechsler-Reya, Andreas E. Kulozik, Stefan M. Pfister, Olaf Witt, Till Milde
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Adult Mental Health Services in a Health Maintenance Organization
Authors: Simon H. Budman, Judith Feldman, Michael J. Bennett
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors describe an adult mental health service within a health maintenance organization and present information on the department's setting, staffing patterns, programs, and philosophy. They believe that the emphasis on brief focal psychotherapy, the staff of mental health care providers who are committed to this type of setting, and the thorough integration of the program into the larger HMO system all contribute to the provision of high-quality services at a reasonable cost.
Alkylating Agent Hypersensitivity in Poly(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase Deficient Cell Lines
Authors: Satadal Chatterjee, Ming Fang Cheng, Sosamma J. Berger, Nathan A. Berger
Journal: Cancer Communications (1991)

Starting with the V79 cell line, two poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase deficient mutants, designated ADPRT 54 and ADPRT 351, had been shown to be hypersensitive to x- and UV-irradiation and to topoisomerase I inhibitors but to be resistant to topoisomerase II inhibitors (Chatterjee, S.; Cheng, M. F.; Berger, N. A. Hypersensitivity to clinically useful alkylating agents and radiation in poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-deficient cell lines. Cancer Commun. 2:401-407;1990). We now report that these mutants were hypersensitive to a series of different alkylating agents, including alkylsufonates, alkylnitrosoureas, and nitrosoguanidine. In addition, they were hypersensitive to the UV-mimetic agent 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. Our findings provide strong evidence that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was involved in the repair of alkylating agent induced DNA damage as well as in the damage induced by UV- and x-irradiation and radiomimetic agents. The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase deficient cell lines showed a marked decrease in the shoulder region of their survival curves, suggesting that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was involved in the repair of alkylating agent induced sublethal damage.