tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-188: Isoflavone pharmacokinetics and metabolism after consumption of soy and soy-almond bread in men with asymptomatic prostate cancer.
Authors: Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis, Steven K. Clinton, Elizabeth M. Grainger, Kenneth M. Riedl, Steven J. Schwartz, Yael Vodovotz
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Soy phytochemicals, particularly isoflavones, are hypothesized to have anti-prostate cancer activity. Soy isoflavones are present predominantly as glucosides but when combined with β-glucosidase activity in almond meal, a greater conversion to aglycones has been observed. We hypothesized that soy bread will serve as an excellent source of soy polyphenols and that an aglycone-rich soy-almond bread (SAB) compared to a glycoside-rich soy bread (SB) will demonstrate greater bioavailability of soy isoflavones. Methods: SB and SAB were fed in a 20 week randomized phase II cross-over trial involving 32 men with asymptomatic metastatic prostate cancer and escalating prostate specific antigen (PSA). Isoflavones were quantitated by HPLC in soy breads and isoflavone metabolites in 24h urine. HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry evaluated isoflavone pharmacokinetics in plasma. Biomarkers were determined by chemiluminescence-based assays. Results: The aglycone composition in the SB and SAB was 18% and 78%, respectively. Compliance was 95±14%, toxicity rare and limited to grade I GI complaints (NIH_NCI criteria). Urinary isoflavone patterns over 24hours revealed that isoflavonoid metabolites were significantly greater with soy bread consumption. Plasma pharmacokinetics following a test meal showed that daidzein (p=0.028) and genistein (p=0.010) absorption was significantly faster from the aglycone-rich SAB. Interestingly, PSA doubling time was prolonged compared to pre-enrollment, in 60% of men (n=30) with soy intervention. Conclusions: Bread is an excellent vehicle for the delivery of soy phytochemicals with outstanding compliance. Modification of soy bread with a source of β-glucosidase may enhance the initial absorption rates of isoflavones. Food products, such as SAB, with consistent and stable composition of phytochemicals can be developed that are appropriate for long-term chemoprevention studies in humans or as an adjunct to therapy. Citation Format: Jennifer H. Ahn-Jarvis, Steven K. Clinton, Elizabeth M. Grainger, Kenneth M. Riedl, Steven J. Schwartz, Yael Vodovotz. Isoflavone pharmacokinetics and metabolism after consumption of soy and soy-almond bread in men with asymptomatic prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-188. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-188
Endoscopic incision plus esophageal stenting for refractory esophageal stricture in children
Authors: Yuyong Tan, Xuehong Wang, Deliang Liu, Jirong Huo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

A 4-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with a 4-year history of vomiting and bucking. He had a diagnosis of esophageal atresia at Day 2 after birth and underwent surgery. Stricture formed 1 year after surgery. Prior to admission, he had undergone balloon dilation four times, stenting twice, and surgery once. Esophageal barium meal examination showed two strictures in the middle and lower segments.
P220 Transfer factor and arterial oxygen partial pressure are predictors of survival in hospital outpatients with COPD
Authors: A. K. Boutou, D. Shrikrishna, R. J. Tanner, C. Smith, J. L. Kelly, G. Coissi, M. I. Polkey, N. S. Hopkinson
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> COPD is a disorder characterised by high morbidity and mortality. Although several parameters have been used to predict survival among COPD patients, most of the information on the prognostic value of pulmonary function comes from studies, either conducted in selected COPD populations or where only simple spirometry was measured. Few studies have comprehensively assessed lung function parameters and investigated their impact on survival; a prior smaller study from our group suggested carbon monoxide gas transfer may have prognostic value.1 <h3>Objective</h3> The study aimed to identify potential predictors of survival in a cohort of stable COPD outpatients. <h3>Methods</h3> Data from patients, who had their first full lung function tests including blood gas analysis between February 1996 and May 2010 were extracted from the hospital9s clinical COPD database. Patients with major co morbidities, such as malignancy, chronic renal failure and chronic heart failure were excluded. Survival data were available for all patients, until May 2011. Demographic data, PaO<sub>2</sub> and PaCO<sub>2</sub>, transfer factor, and plethysmographic lung volumes were initially entered in a univariate regression model. Age, Body Mass Index (BMI), FEV<sub>1</sub>% predicted, FEV<sub>1</sub>/FVC, TLC% predicted, TLCOc% predicted, KCOc% predicted, RV% predicted, IC/TLC, PaCO<sub>2</sub> and PaO<sub>2</sub>, were found to be univariately associated with survival and then entered in a stepwise Cox regression analysis model. Corresponding HRs and 95% CI were calculated for each independent predictor. <h3>Results</h3> Data were available for 641 patients (62.2% male); mean age 61.9±10.2 years, FEV<sub>1</sub> 38.4±19.7% and BMI 24.3±5.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Median survival was 92.9 months. Survival rates at 3 and 5 years (all cause mortality) were 0.88 and 0.62. In the total population, age (HR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.07), PaO<sub>2</sub> (HR 0.843, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.934) and TLCOc% (HR 0.975, 95%CI to 0.965 to 0.986) independently predicted survival. Abstract P220 Figure 1 presents the Kaplan–Meier survival curves, adjusted for age and PO<sub>2</sub>, for the two population groups, separated using the TLCOc% median value as a cut-off point (&gt;38.0 and =38.0% predicted). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Gas transfer measurement provides additional prognostic information compared to spirometry.
ESGE/ESGENA Technical Note on Cleaning and Disinfection
Authors: J.-F. Rey, A. Kruse
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Correction to: A Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing a Virtual Reality Simulator to Bedside Teaching for Training in SigmoidoscopyEndoscopy 2003; 35(07): 569-575DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-40243
Doctor arrested during transit in United Arab Emirates is cleared of any wrongdoing
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A retired South African doctor has warned other medical professionals of the risks of working in the United Arab Emirates after he was arrested in transit and forced to stay in the country for more than seven months before finally being cleared of murdering one of his patients.

“It is a dangerous country for expatriates,” Cyril Karabus, 77, told the BMJ after he was acquitted on 21 March. Not only has his ordeal been extremely trying personally, but he has also incurred “major” expenses. Anyone considering …
Recent Advances: Clinical immunology
Authors: T. E. Mollnes, M. Harboe
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Summary points</h3> The genetic basis for many types of hereditary immunodeficiency has now been found, allowing more precise diagnosis and giving hope for future treatments Manipulation of proteins that regulate complement activation has exciting therapeutic implications, such as ameliorating the hyperacute rejection of xenografts Deficiencies in complement regulators have been implicated in several types of kidney disease, and soluble complement receptor 1 may be useful in future treatments Intravenous immunoglobulin is now used to treat several systemic inflammatory conditions, and its effects include modulating proinflammatory cytokines and complement activation Use of new technologies is allowing development of more effective vaccines and avoidance of adverse effects such as found with whole cell pertussis vaccine
P116 Differences In Patient Outcomes Between A 6, 7 And 8 Week Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programme
Authors: R. Barlow, I. Easton, L. Andrews
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> NICE (2010) recommend that pulmonary rehabilitation programmes run between 6–12 weeks in duration. To date, there is no consensus in the research to the optimal duration of a programme. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate changes in patient outcomes over time for 6, 7 and 8 week pulmonary rehabilitation programmes. To investigate differences in patient outcomes between 6, 7 and 8 week pulmonary rehabilitation programmes in order to identify optimal duration. Setting: Community based pulmonary rehabilitation programmes in the East of England. Participants: In total 363 participants completed one of the three pulmonary rehabilitation programmes. Patients with a chronic respiratory condition showing a commitment to the pulmonary rehabilitation programme and had no contraindications to exercise were included. Intervention: Pulmonary rehabilitation twice a week for 6, 7 or 8 weeks. Main outcome measures: St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Clinical COPD Questionnaire (CCQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score (HADS) and Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). <h3>Results</h3> The t-tests indicated a statistically significant improvement in patients’ exercise capacity (measured by the ISWT) for all 3 programmes (p &lt; 0.001). Patients attending the 8 week programme improved the most (increasing by 74.43 metres), followed by the 6 then 7 week programme (increasing by 57.24 and 48.96 metres respectively). The minimal clinically significant change for the ISWT is 47.5 metres so all the programmes improved by a clinically significant amount. When controlling for baseline ISWT scores the 8 week programme showed statistically significant improvements on post-rehabilitation ISWT scores above the 6 or 7 week programmes (F<sub>(2,341) </sub>= 6.72, p = 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Findings show that greatest improvements in terms of exercise capacity may be seen from 8 week pulmonary rehabilitation programmes, but that improvement for the ISWT can be obtained from 6, 7 or 8 week programmes. <h3>References</h3> National Institute for Clinical Excellence. Commissioning a pulmonary rehabilitation service for patients with COPD. 2010. [http://www.nice.org.uk/usingguidance/commissioningguides/pulmonaryrehabilitationserviceforpatientswithcopd/commissioning.jsp] Accessed 13/07/13
Arterial Injection Artifact on F-18 FDG Positron Emission Tomographic Scan
Authors: BOHDAN BYBEL, PAULINE KWOK, DONALD R. NEUMANN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Department of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio Received for publication June 19, 2002. Revision accepted September 17, 2002. Correspondence: Bohdan Bybel, Department of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue Gb3, Cleveland, Ohio 44195. E-mail [email protected]
P593 ANTIFIBROTIC EFFECTS OF CCN1/CYR61 ARE MEDIATED THROUGH INDUCTION OF REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES RESULTING IN PMF AND HSC APOPTOSIS AND ATTENUATED TGF BETA SIGNALLING
Authors: E. Borkham-Kamphorst, E. Van de Leur, U. Haas, S.K. Meurer, R. Weiskirchen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Abstract C20: The epigenomic fingerprint of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sonya Parpart, Stephanie Roessler, Fei Dong, Vinay Rao, Chris Loffredo, Xin Wei Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 70% to 85% of primary liver cancers. HCC remains in the top 10 among the most common cancers and ranks second in the leading cause of male cancer death worldwide. Patients are typically diagnosed with late-stage disease leading to poor survival rates in the United States and developing countries. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a key HCC biomarker associated with patient prognosis. However, serum AFP levels are heterogeneous among HCC patients, suggesting that the biology of AFP+ and AFP- tumors may be different. Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying these differences may improve our understanding of HCC development and guide future approaches to increase survival. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be deregulated in many cancers and are useful biomarkers for early detection, prognosis, and treatment. In this vein, we performed global miRNA profiling analyses of HCCs that differ in AFP expression. We found that miR-29 family members, including miR-29a, miR-29b, and miR-29c, are top-ranked downregulated miRNAs in AFP+ tumors whose expression is inversely correlated with AFP in 242 HCC specimens, suggesting that miR-29 may act as a tumor suppressor in AFP+ HCC. In fact, we have found an association between decreased miR-29 and poor survival. In addition, there is a significant association between AFP and DNA methyltransferases DNMT3A and DNMT3B, which were recently shown to be direct targets of miR-29. Furthermore, we have found an overall trend toward increased methylation in HCC patients with high levels of AFP. These findings led us to hypothesize that AFP may inhibit miR-29, which in turn increases DNA methyltransferase activity and modulates epigenetic changes that contribute to poor outcome in HCC. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) reveals that AFP and DNMT3B are both inversely correlated with miR-29 expression in HCC cell lines. We are testing currently whether AFP regulates miR-29 expression and alters DNA methylation patterns in HCC cells. We are also examining how miR-29 expression is regulated to determine whether AFP directly targets mir-29 to effect epigenetic changes or whether this occurs through other signaling pathways. Taken together, these studies will elucidate the molecular mechanisms that link AFP and miR-29 expression to epigenetic alterations and may aid in the development of novel therapeutic agents that may improve survival of HCC patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr C20.
Demonstration of Peritonitis with Tc-99m (V) DMSA Scintigraphy and Negative Results on Ga-67 Scan
Authors: SHUNG-SHUNG SUN, CHIA-HUNG KAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From Departments of Nuclear Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan Received for publication April 23, 2001. Revision accepted November 8, 2001. Reprint requests: Chia-Hung Kao, Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, China Medical College Hospital, No. 2, Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 922: Disruption of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 accelerates mammary carcinoma metastasis to the lung
Authors: Philip Owens, Michael W. Pickup, Sergey V. Novitskiy, Anna Chytil, Agnieszka E. Gorska, Mary Aakre, Harold L. Moses
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are members of the Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) superfamily of signaling molecules. BMPs can elicit a wide range of effects in many cell types and have previously been shown to induce growth inhibition in cancers as well as normal epithelia. Recently, it has been demonstrated that BMP4 and BMP7 are overexpressed in human breast cancers and may have both tumor suppressive and promoting effects. We sought to determine whether disruption of the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor 2 (BMPR2) would alter mammary tumor progression in mice that express the Polyoma middle T antigen (PyVmT). Mice expressing PyVmT under the mammary specific MMTV promoter were combined with mice that have Doxycycline inducible expression of a dominant negative (DN) BMPR2. We did not observe any differences in tumor latency. However, when we measured pulmonary metastases, we found that mice expressing the BMPR2-DN had a five fold increase in lung metastases. We characterized several cell autonomous changes and found that BMPR2-DN expressing tumor cells had higher rates of proliferation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). We also identified unique changes in the tumor microenvironment, which included inflammatory cells and secreted chemokines/ cytokines that accompanied BMPR2-DN expressing tumors. We identified several molecules including ccl-9 (MIP1γ), which was elevated in BMPR2-DN expressing tumors. Ccl-9 has recently been shown to be an important chemokine in the recruitment of myeloid cells that promote metastatic progression. We discovered that tumor cells treated exogenously with BMP4 ligand repressed ccl-9 mRNA and that this repression was limited in cells expressing BMPR2-DN. We conclude that BMPR2 has tumor suppressive function in mammary epithelia and that disruption can accelerate mammary carcinoma metastases via paracrine stimulation of myeloid cells in the tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 922. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-922
NHS reforms offer opportunities worth billions for private sector
Authors: A. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The government’s proposals for changes to the NHS and its drive to shift the focus of care away from hospitals and more into the community will provide opportunities for a growing role for the independent sector worth at least several billion pounds a year, concludes a new report.

The report, from the healthcare intelligence analysts Laing & Buisson, says that the United Kingdom is on the verge of a large migration of secondary healthcare services from hospitals to various community settings.

It analyses the future of various markets in the health sector, including primary care, community health services, out of hours care, occupational health, prison care, and commissioning support services.

Major change in the way healthcare is provided is on the cards, claims the report, including closure, partial closure, or reuse of some NHS …
A1.02 Important role of microrna-146A in inflammatory arthritis by controlling local bone destruction
Authors: V Saferding, A Puchner, E Goncalves-Alves, M Hofmann, E Sahin, S Hayer, JS Smolen, G Steiner, K Redlich, S Blüml
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> MicroRNA (MiR-) 146a is a key regulator of the innate immune response and has also been shown to suppress cancer development in myeloid cells., Although in late stages of arthritis elevated expression of miR-146a in synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients was detected, the level of this miRNA was found to be down regulated in early disease, but its role in the development of inflammatory arthritis is yet unknown. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> We induced K/BxN serum transfer arthritis in wild type and miR-146a<sup>-/- </sup>mice. As a second inflammatory arthritis disease model we crossed miR-146adeficient into hTNFtg mice. Disease severity was assessed clinically and histologically in both arthritis models. Blood of arthritis animals was analysed by flow cytometry. Serum cytokine levels were measured by Elisa. RNA expression levels were measured by qPCR. <h3>Results</h3> Absence of miR-146a leads to increased clinical signs of the induced serum transfer arthritis. In line, higher serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-12 and IL-6 were measured in miR146a deficient compared to wt mice. When we crossed miR-146a<sup>-/- </sup>into hTNFtg mice, histological examination revealed a significant increase in synovial inflammation and even more striking a more than twofold increase in local bone destruction due to increased generation of osteoclasts in the tarsal joints in miR-146a<sup>-/-</sup>/hTNFtg mice compared to hTNFtg mice. Interestingly, &nbsp;systemic bone loss was comparable in hTNFtg compared to miR-146a<sup>-/-</sup>/hTNFtg mice, suggesting an important local role of miR-146a. Indeed, we detected increased levels of IL-1β and RANKL and decreased expression of OPG locally in the paws of miR-146a<sup>-/-</sup>/hTNFtg compared to hTNFtg mice. Analysing the content of myeloid cells in the blood of arthritis diseased mice, revealed significantly increased numbers of circulating CD11b<sup>+</sup> as well as CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells in mice lacking miR-146a. Bone marrow transplants demonstrated a pivotal role for miR-146a in mesenchymal cells in controlling local osteoclast generation and bone destruction. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data demonstrate an important mitigating role of miR-146a in inflammatory arthritis, most importantly in local bone destruction, by controlling mesenchymal expression of osteoclastogenic factors. This shows a crucial anti-inflammatory role of miR-146a, which might possibly be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
Tc-99m Pertechnetate Thyroid Images in Hyperthyroidism
Authors: RICHARD P. SPENCER, ROBERT J. SCHOLL, NAZLI ERBAY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

One hundred consecutive thyroid images obtained by use of Tc-99m pertechnetate, in authenticated cases of hyperthyroidism, were reviewed. Calibrated images showed that only 42 of the 200 thyroid lobes (21%) were greater than 5 cm in length. The enlarged lobes occurred in 29 patients. Of these, only 4 had a multinodular appearance(and 7 patients with smaller lobes also had multinodular glands). Neither thyromegaly (by length) nor multinodular appearance are common features of hyperthyroidism in this area. There were 12 instances of pyramidal lobes in the hyperthyroid men (12 of 26 = 46%) and 24 cases in women (24 of 74 = 32%). The site of origin of the pyramidal lobe was from the left in 17, from right in 16, and from the midline in 3 cases. During the period of review of all thyroid images, only one other case of a pyramidal lobe was found (a case of multinodular goiter).
FACTORES PREDICTIVOS DE DISPLASIA EN POLIPOS COLÓNICOS MAYORES DE 1CM
Authors: R Martínez Fernández, L Serrano Sánchez, C Jimeno Ayllón, AK Reyes Guevara, T Martínez Pérez, CJ Gómez Ruiz, J Morillas Ariño, JI Pérez García, J García-Cano Lizcano
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introducción: La colonoscopia es la técnica habitual en la detección y seguimiento de los pólipos colónicos. Algunos autores han utilizado el tamaño (1cm) como indicador de riesgo elevado de malignidad.