tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 942: CYP3A4 epoxygenase mediates hypoxia-induced biosynthesis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (±)-11,12- and (±)-14,15-EET in breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhijun Guo, Ranjana Mitra, Xiangghua Luo, Jorge Capdevila, JohnL Lipscomb, Potter A. David
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: CYP3A4 has recently been implicated in the growth of breast cancer cell proliferation but whether it promotes cell proliferation under conditions of hypoxia is unknown. This autocrine/paracrine growth promoting mechanism is dependent on epoxygenase activity, requires epoxygenation of arachidonic acid and can be complemented by add back of (±)-14,15-EET. Ambient tissue oxygen concentrations in tumors range from sub-microM to 50 microM. Methods: Human recombinant CYP3A4 SupersomesTM(BD Bioscience)-catalyzed epoxygenation of arachidonic acid (AA, 100 μM) reaction was performed at 37°C in the presence of a NADPH regenerating system. Oxygen concentration of the reaction solution was varied and rates of oxygen consumption were recorded with an oxygen electrode. Lineweaver Burke analysis was performed to calculate the oxygen Michaelis-Menten constant (Km). MCF7 breast cancer lines stably expressing two different CYP3A4 shRNA expression constructs were exposed to hypoxic conditions ([O2]=50 μM) and EET levels were quantified. Results: The oxygen Km for CYP3A4 was 21 μM. Under hypoxic incubation ([O2]=50 μM), (±)-8,9-EET levels were unaffected but (±)-11,12-EET and (±)-14,15-EET levels were induced 1.5 and 1.3-fold (P&amp;lt;0.05; Student t-test). The MCF7 CYP3A4 knock down line 3-18 line, which exhibits 80% knock down of CYP3A4, exhibited no response to hypoxia compared to the MCF7 non-target (NT) line, which exhibited 1.25 and 1.33 fold increase of (±)-11,12- and (±)-14,15-EET respectively. Remarkably, (±)-8,9-EET exhibited no induction under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions: These results indicate that CYP3A4, which is known to promote breast cancer cell proliferation, is responsive to oxygen under ambient conditions comparable to those found in hypoxic tissues, exhibiting a Km of 21 μM. These results also indicate that hypoxia induces EETs in the breast cancer line, in a fashion dependent on CYP3A4. CYP3A4 therefore provides the majority of EETs induced in breast cancer cells under conditions of hypoxia and may contribute to autocrine and paracrine breast cancer growth signals under these conditions. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 942. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-942
The Comparative Estimation of TUBB3 Expression in Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma and Adjacent Lung Tissue
Authors: T.A. Bogush, I.A. Mamichev, E.A. Dudko, A.N. Grishanina, R.J. Ramanauskaite, N.O. Vichljantzeva, S. Tjulandin, B.E. Polotsky, M.I. Davydov
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
PREFRONTAL LOBOTOMY
Authors: WARD C. HALSTEAD, HUGH T. CARMICHAEL, PAUL C. BUCY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1946)

In a preliminary investigation, an impairment index scale developed by one of us (W.C.H.) for reflecting impairment of biological intelligence has been applied to 8 carefully selected individuals before and after prefrontal lobotomy and to another individual following lobotomy. Several of these cases were found to exhibit an impairment of biological intelligence prior to lobotomy. This operation did not consistently alter the degree of impairment manifested quantitatively in contrast with high impairment scores obtained for frontal lobectomies. This would seem to point to the cortex of the frontal lobes as the region of the brain in which the functions reflected by the impairment index are maximally represented or localized. It is concluded that: 1. Impaired biological intelligence, as encountered in some forms of psychopathy, is not relieved by the operation known as prefrontal lobotomy. 2. Lobotomy may not increase the degree of impairment of this function. [See Fig. 2 In Source Pdf]. 3. Little is known concerning the behavioral effects of prefrontal lobotomy.
P3-07-48: Axillary Imaging with Dynamic MRI Following Subcutaneous Injection of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles.
Authors: M Douek, L Johnson, J Parikh, G Charles-Eduards, M Hall-Craggs
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Surgical axillary staging with sentinel node biopsy in clinically node negative patients is standard of care in the management of breast cancer. However sentinel node biopsy is associated with morbidity including a 5% risk of lymphoedema. Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) enhanced axillary MRI is a promising novel imaging modality that could be used to characterize sentinel nodes non-invasively. We evaluated subcutaneous SPIO enhanced axillary MRI for pre-operative axillary imaging. Material and methods: Patients scheduled for sentinel node biopsy as part of surgical management of early breast cancer were invited to undergo pre-operative axillary MRI. All images were acquired on a 1.5T scanner using a surface coil. The initial 7 scans were acquired on a Siemens Avanto and the later scans on a Achieva MRI scanner (Philips Best, Netherlands). Following a T2-weighted morphological scan, patients were injected with 2ml of SPIO (4ml in the final 3 patients) subcutaneously into the circumareolar margin in the upper outer quadrant of the affected breast. Post injection, a slightly T2*-weighted dynamic scan was performed (gradient echo, TE = 1.53ms, TR=2.9ms, flip angle 7 degrees, 3mm slice thickness). In addition to the dynamic scan, in 16 patients, a T2 mapping sequence was performed at 10minutes and 120 minutes post injection (turbo spin echo, 8 equi-spaced TEs from 10 to 80ms, TR=2136ms, 3mm slices with an in plane resolution of 1.4×1.4mm). Image analysis was undertaken using Osirix (v3.8, 64-bit). Two consultant radiologists experienced at reading breast and axillary MRI reported all scans. Results: A total of 23 patients underwent axillary MRI with subcutaneous SPIO. Of these in 18 patients (78%), uptake of SPIO was seen in sentinel nodes and lymphatic tracts. At least 1 sentinel node was identified in 17 patients (74%). A total of 106 nodes were identified (4.6 ± 1.7 nodes per patient) and of these 40 demonstrated a significant drop in signal intensity following SPIO injection (1.7 ± 1.3 nodes per patient). All 3 involved nodes were seen to contain a metastatic deposit on MRI. Discussion: Axillary MRI with subcutaneous SPIO injection is a robust method for imaging sentinel nodes. The normal node count of the axillary basin is lower than expected on histology, suggesting that only the larger nodes and those that take up SPIO are visualized on MRI. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-48.
Esophageal obstruction due to a collapsed biodegradable esophageal stent
Authors: O. Nogales Rincon, A. Huerta Madrigal, B. Merino Rodriguez, C. Gonzalez Asanza, E. Cos Arregui, P. Menchen Fernandez-Pacheco
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 74-year-old man with a previous history of surgery for pharyngolaryngeal neoplasia and reconstruction in 2006 with muscle graft was referred to our unit for dysphagia. Upper endoscopy showed a narrow stricture at the muscle graft-esophageal anastomosis that was 20 mm long. The patient underwent five sessions of esophageal dilation with the CRE Balloon Dilator (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts, USA) with early relapse and weight loss.
The Young Stethoscopist
Authors: Reginald Fitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

WHEN I visited Cleveland a few months ago and looked at the Surgeon General's books housed in the Allen Memorial Library, I happened to meet an old friend. It was a small and unobtrusive volume called The Young Stethoscopist, apparently as much at home in Cleveland as in Boston, and now proudly sporting, as if it were a military decoration, the bookplate of the Army Medical Library. I felt unaccountably pleased that Boston should be represented in such a magnificent collection, and found myself wondering how it happened that a Boston book printed nearly a hundred years ago and as . . .
Striking Prevalence of Ankylosing Spondylitis in “Healthy” W27 Positive Males and Females
Authors: Andrei Calin, James F. Fries
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Ankylosing spondylitis is diagnosed once or twice in each 1000 males and one tenth as frequently in females, but the true prevalence is unknown. Indentification of genetic marker, HL-A W27, for susceptible persons has provided a tool facilitating epidemiologic studies and allowing identification of "control" populations without the marker. Evaluation by postal questionnaires, and pelvic radiography of 78 HL-A 27W-positive blood donors selected from a group of apparently healthy subjects revealed 14 who satisfied the criteria for definite ankylosing spondylitis. The prevalence was similar in both sexes. One hundred and twenty-six W27-negative controls matched for race, sex, and age failed to yield a single case. For a person of either sex with HL-A W27, there appears to be about a 20 per cent chance that ankylosing spondylitis will develop, suggesting a prevalence of 10 to 15 per thousand. Hitherto accepted figures may underestimate the frequency by a factor of 10 to 20.
A Dose Escalation Study of Ibrutinib with Lenalidomide for Relapsed and Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma
Authors: D. Pollyea, L. Gore, J. Gutman, S.G. Eckhardt, N. Hagelstrom, S. Coutre, M. Thirman, J. Byrd
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
239O RECORD-4: Multicenter phase 2 trial of second-line everolimus (EVE) in patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Asian versus non-Asian population subanalysis
Authors: L. Yang, A. Alyasova, D. Ye, A. Karpenko, H. Li, B. Alekseev, L. Xie, G. Kurteva, R.D. Kowalyszyn, O. Karyakin, Y.V. Nerón, T.M. Cosgriff, L. Collins, T. Brechenmacher, J.C. Lin, L. Morgan, R. Motzer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Muscles after Section of Ventral Roots
Authors: OLGA HUDLICKÁ
Journal: Circulation Research (1967)

Muscles deprived of somatic motor innervation (sensory and sympathetic motor innervation intact) served as a model for studying the role of vasoconstrictor fibers and skeletal muscle tone in the regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow. Blood flow, vascular resistance and O 2 consumption of the gastrocnemius muscle of the cat were measured 5 to 7, 10 to 16, and 27 to 44 days after unilateral section of ventral roots L 5 to S 5 in cats and compared to similar measurements in the normal gastrocnemius muscle and in that with its sciatic nerve cut. After section of the peripheral nerve, total blood flow increased and then returned to normal; after section of the ventral roots, total blood flow did not change significantly. In both cases, blood flow per 100 g of muscle increased as atrophy developed. After section of the ventral roots, O 2 consumption and CO 2 production per 100 g of muscle increased earlier than blood flow. Peripheral resistance was calculated before and immediately after acute section of both tibial nerves to evaluate the participation of muscle tone in the regulation of peripheral resistance. At rest, muscle tone appears to be responsible for about 25% of the peripheral resistance.
Abstract 5422: Verification of the preventive effects of <i>Lactobacillus casei</i> Shirota and soymilk on breast cancer in animal model
Authors: Mitsuyoshi Kano, Chiaki Kaga, Akimitsu Takagi, Shoichi Kado, Masanobu Nanno, Masashi Sakai, Kouji Miyazaki, Masakazu Toi, Yasuo Ohashi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, and the incidence rate is increasing in Japan. There is a growing public awareness toward prevention and detection of breast cancer in Japan. We have previously shown in a case-control study that consumption of either soy isoflavone or fermented milk drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) decreases the risk of developing breast cancer. To investigate the preventive effects of LcS and soy isoflavone against breast cancer, we next conducted an animal study. Female SD rats were treated with the heterocyclic amine PhIP (2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b] pyridine) under a diet containing LcS, soymilk, both LcS and soymilk or LcS-fermented soymilk (L-FSM), and changes were observed for 17 weeks. As a result, decrease in adenocarcinoma and tumor multiplicity was observed in the soymilk, LcS + soymilk and L-FSM groups. Suppression of tumor volume was observed in the LcS, LcS + soymilk and L-FSM groups. Results indicate the possibility that soymilk prevents adenocarcinoma formation, while LcS suppresses tumor growth. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5422. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5422
Abstract 4851: BH-3 mimetics radiosensitizes human prostate cancer via modulating autophagy
Authors: Jiqin Lian, Xiaoqing Wu, Wenhua Tang, David Karnak, Fengtian He, Yang Meng, Theodore S. Lawrence, Liang Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Radioresistance markedly impair the efficacy of cancer therapy and involve anti-apoptotic signal transduction pathways that prevent the treatment-induced cell death. Anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins such as Bcl-xL, Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 are overexpressed in prostate cancer and contribute to prostate tumor initiation, progression and resistance to radiotherapy. (−)-Gossypol, a natural product from cottonseed, has recently been identified as a potent small molecule inhibitor of Bcl-2/Bcl-xL/Mcl-1 and is now in advanced clinical trials. Since Bcl-2 also inhibits autophagy and radiation induces autophagy, we hypothesize that (−)-gossypol may improve prostate cancer's response to radiotherapy by inducing autophagy in apoptosis-resistant prostate cancer cells with high Bcl-2. (−)-Gossypol inhibits tumor cell growth and preferentially induces autophagy in androgen-independent (AI) prostate cancer cells that have high levels of Bcl-2 and resistant to apoptosis, both in vitro and in vivo, but not in cells with low Bcl-2. (−)-Gossypol radiosensitized AI-prostate cancer PC-3 and CL-1 cells in clonogenic assay. (−)-Gossypol increased autophagy induced by X-ray radiation in these cells. Orally administered (−)-gossypol achieved a much greater efficacy with long-term tumor regression when used in combination with ionizing radiation. Immunoprecipitation /pull-down assay showed that (−)-gossypol induced autophagy via blocking Bcl-2-Beclin1 interaction, together with downregulating Bcl-2, upregulating Beclin1 and activating autophagic pathway signaling. Knockdown of the Beclin1 or atg5 expression blocked the autophagy induced by (−)-gossypol or radiation. Taken together, our data demonstrate that (−)-Gossypol exerts its radiosensitizing activity through promoting radiation-induced autophagy, via modulating Bcl-2-Beclin1 interaction and atg5. (−)-Gossypol significantly enhances the anti-tumor activity of radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo, and represents a promising new regime for treatment of hormone-refractory human prostate cancer with overexpression of Bcl-2. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4851.
Eyecare utilization among women aged ≥40 years with eye diseases - 19 states, 2006-2008.
Authors: A. F. Elliott, C. F. Chou, X. Zhang, J. E. Crews, J. B. Saaddine, G. L. Beckles, M. D. Owens-Gary
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2010)
PWE-097 Patient Knowledge Of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Is No Better Than In 1999
Authors: R Wardle, J Mayberry
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In the UK, key professional organisations have collaborated to provide inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) Standards to be delivered by the NHS, highlighting the importance of patient education and support.<sup>1</sup> Little literature exists however regarding the impact of these standards on patient’s knowledge of their disease. The study aim is to utilise the Crohn’s and Colitis Knowledge Score (CCKNOW) to assess patient knowledge and make a comparison with results achieved in 1999. <h3>Methods</h3> 100 outpatients with CD or UC were prospectively enrolled to complete the CCKNOW questionnaire between May and September 2013 at two Leicestershire Hospitals. <h3>Results</h3> 100 patients, 58 female with a mean age of 49.2 (range 18–75), 42 male with a mean age of 47.1 (range 18–77). Mean disease duration was 12.8 (range 0–41). Mean and median scores for IBD patients were 10.15 (95% CI: 9.2–11.1) and 9 (95% CI: 8–11) respectively. CD (38) patients achieved a significantly higher score than UC (61), median scores of 10.5 and 9 respectively, p = 0.007. CCKNOW scores achieved were significantly lower with increasing age, p = 0.0006. Patient gender, ethnicity, disease duration or perceived disease activity had no significant effect upon CCKNOW score. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patient understanding of inflammatory bowel disease is no better now than when assessed in 1999, median scores being 9 and 10 respectively. There are persisting knowledge deficits regarding the subjects of fertility and the complications of IBD. Elderly patients performed significantly worse than younger counterparts and may therefore benefit the most from increased access to appropriate educational programmes and support. <h3>Reference</h3> Quality Care Service standards for the healthcare of people who have Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) IBD Standards Group. 2009 http://www.ibdstandards.org.uk/ [accessed 21.4:13] <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
M272 Estimated Cost And Payment By Results (pbr) Tariff Reimbursement For Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Services Across 14 Specialist Providers In England
Authors: C. Hill, R. Nasr, M. Fisher, T. Maher, M. Spiteri, M. Allen, S. Birring, H. Parfrey, R. Hoyles, M. Gibbons, G. Burge, J. Scullion, E. Adams, M. Wickremasinghe
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is an increasingly important respiratory illness in the UK. Rising prevalence of disease, emerging treatments, development of clinical guidelines for diagnosis and management and a NHS England service specification<sup>1</sup> increase demands on healthcare providers who are required to enhance capacity or reconfigure services to manage patients. <h3>Aims</h3> Estimate the patient care pathways across service providers in England compared with pathways recommended by NICE guidelines<sup>2</sup> and the NHS England Service Specification; in terms of time and cost per patient by ‘diagnosis’, ‘management’ and ‘monitoring’, and then levels of reimbursement to providers for current levels of care and those recommended. <h3>Methods</h3> Structured interviews with clinicians and coders ascertained current levels of service provision, excluding drug costs, by 14 NHS specialist ILD providers. Data were analysed utilising a bottom-up costing approach to estimate the total pathway costs. Comparison with services and costs as recommended by NICE guidelines and service specification allowed estimation of NHS providers’ profit or loss. <h3>Results</h3> The estimated mean cost per patient for the first year of diagnosis, management and monitoring was £1,414, which is approximately £418 (42%) more than is reimbursed by the PBR tariff.<sup>3</sup> By comparison, the equivalent cost of the NICE/service specification pathway is approximately £477 (41%) more than reimbursed by the tariff. In particular, it was noted that significant staff time is required for MDT discussion, but that this is not reimbursed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Results suggest that current NHS tariffs for ILD are insufficient to support current service provision. This is true for current levels of care as well as for the levels of care recommended by NICE. The risks of failure to amend the NHS tariff are: Incomprehensive diagnosis and management may adversely impact patient care and outcomes, at a time when services are under increasing scrutiny and disease prevalence is rising Adverse impact on the financial viability of specialist ILD providers <h3>References</h3> http://www.england.nhs.uk/ourwork/commissioning/spec-services/npc-crg/group-a/a14/ http://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG163 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-tariff-payment-system-2014-to-2015
Transanal submucosal endoscopic resection: a new endosurgical approach to the resection of giant rectal lesions
Authors: Zacharias Tsiamoulos, Janindra Warusavitarne, Brian Saunders
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Transanal surgical and advanced endoscopic resection procedures have the potential to provide complete and successful eradication of rectal lesions [1] [2] [3]. However, both approaches have limitations in terms of practicability and safety [3] [4] [5].
AB0805 Nailfold capillaroscopy findings are different between patients with U1RNP antibody and systemic sclerosis or patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and U1RNP antibody
Authors: I. Castellví, P. Moya-Alvarado, M. Sarmiento, C. Geli, C. Diaz-Torne, M.E. Corica, A. Laiz, J. Casademont, J.M. de Llobet
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Nailfold capillaroscopy (NC) is the best tool to study microcirculation in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon (RF) or patients with connective tissue diseases. There are some characteristic capillaroscopy findings in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients, like presence of giant capillaries (GC) or loss of capillary density (LCD). Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and RF may present nonspecific changes in the NC, but sometimes NC in SLE patient can simulate SSc findings. Anti-U1RNP antibodies may be present in both entities and are associated with a greater number of alterations in NC. <h3>Objectives</h3> To Determine the existence of differences between the findings of nailfold capillaroscopy in patients with SSc or SLE that present U1RNP antibodies. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with SSc o earlySSc (eSSc) and positive determination of anti-U1RNP antibodies were included. Afterwards these patients were compared with a cohort of patients with SLE with anti-U1RNP antibodies. In both groups we studied in NC the following findings: presence o absence of giant capillaries (GC), angiogenesis and loss of capillary density (LCD). We compare findings with Chi-Square or Fisher's test when it was needed. Statistcial analysis were performed by SPSS program v17.0 <h3>Results</h3> One hundred thirty-five SSc patients (93.4% women) and 76 SLE patients (94.7% women) were included. Determinatio of anti U1RNP abs were performed in 134 SSc patients and in 67 SLE patients. SLE patients had more U1RNP antibodies (10/134 [7.4%]) than SSc patients (13/67 [19.4%];p=0.012). NC showed GC, loss of capillary density and angiogenesis in 71.4%, 100% and 100% in SSc patients with U1RNP antibodies. SLE patients presented less pathological findings in NC that SSc patients (GC in 38.4%, LCD in 46.1% and angiogenesis in 69% of patients). A significant difference in NC between SSc and SLE patients were found in capillary density (lower in patients with SSc (p=0.04). <h3>Conclusions</h3> AntiU1RNP antibody is find more frequently in SLE patients than in SSc patients. Patients with SSc and U1RNP have more loss of capillary density in NC than SLE patients. Presence or absence of Loss of capillary density in patients with undifferenciated connective tissue disease with anti-U1RNP, or patients classified as mixed connective tissue disease could be useful to predict witch patients will develop SSc or SLE. We need more studies to determinate the use of NC in patients with antiU1RNP antibodies. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared