tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract SY09-01: Inflammatory networks and cancer immune surveillance.
Authors: Robert H. Vonderheide
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cancer-associated inflammation is felt to restrain tumor immunity, particularly in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) for which a massive infiltration of immunosuppressive leukocytes into tumor stroma accompanies cancer growth. Gr-1+ CD11b+ cells, often called myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), are a key feature of cancer inflammation in this disease, but the crosstalk between Gr-1+ CD11b+ cells and PDA tumor cells remains incompletely understood. In a genetically engineered mouse model of invasive PDA, Gr-1+ CD11b+ myeloid cells accumulate in primary and metastatic lesions and potently inhibit proliferation of antigen-specific T cells. Among the many cytokines and chemokines produced by PDA tumors, GM-CSF was both necessary and sufficient to drive proliferation and differentiation of c-kit+Gr-1negCD11bneg splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice into functional MDSCs. In vivo, abrogation of GM-CSF accomplished either with neutralizing antibodies or shRNA inhibited the recruitment of Gr-1+ CD11b+ cells to the tumor microenvironment and blocked tumor development. This inhibition of tumor growth was reversed by in vivo CD8 T cell depletion. These findings demonstrate that tumor-derived GM-CSF regulates a major component of myeloid inflammation and T cell immunity in PDA and suggest new targets with therapeutic potential for disrupting cancer inflammation and enhancing immunity. To test if these findings extend to other gastrointestinal cancers, such as esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, a second genetically engineered mouse model of cancer that recapitulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was evaluated. In this model, desmoplasia and a prominent myeloid inflammatory response around early and advanced lesions are observed, associated with tumor prand strikingly, tumor progression was significantly halted when this inflammation was eliminated. Thus, there is a common theme among epithelial-derived upper gastrointestinal tumors by which tumor-derived factors drive an inflammatory program that fosters tumorigenesis and tumor invasion, at least in part through the inhibition of anti-tumor immunity. Citation Format: Robert H. Vonderheide. Inflammatory networks and cancer immune surveillance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr SY09-01. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-SY09-01
Abstract 788: CK2α regulates MRP1 mediated multidrug drug resistance in cancer via phosphorylation of Thr249
Authors: Elzbieta I. Stolarczyk, Cassandra J. Reiling, Kerry A. Pickin, Ryan Coppage, Marc Knecht, Christian M. Paumi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have previously shown that the function of Ycf1p, yeast ortholog of MRP1, is regulated by yeast casein kinase 2α (Cka1p) via phosphorylation at Ser251. In this study we explore whether CK2α, the human homolog of Cka1p, regulates MRP1 by phosphorylation at the semi-conserved site, Thr249. Knockdown of CK2α in MCF7-derived cells expressing MRP1 (MRP1 CK2β(−)) resulted in increased doxorubicin sensitivity. MRP1-dependent transport of LTC4 and E217αG into vesicles derived from MRP1 CK2β(−) cells was decreased compared with MRP1 vesicles. Moreover, Thr249 to alanine mutation (MRP1-T249A) also resulted in decreased MRP1-dependent transport, while a phosphomimicking mutation (MRP1-T249E) led to dramatic increase in MRP1-dependent transport. Studies in tissue culture confirmed these findings showing increased intracellular doxorubicin accumulation in MRP1 CK2β(−) and MRP1-T249A cells compared to MRP1 cells. Inhibition of CK2 kinase by DMAT resulted in increased doxorubicin accumulation in MRP1 cells, but not in MRP1 CK2β(−), MRP1-T249A or MRP1-T249E cells, suggesting that CK2α regulates MRP1 function via phosphorylation of Thr249. Indeed, CK2α and MRP1 interact physically and recombinant CK2 phosphorylates MRP1 derived peptide in vitro in Thr249 dependent manner, while knockdown of CK2α results in decreased phosphorylation at MRP1-T249. The role of CK2 in regulating MRP1 was confirmed in other cancer cell lines where CK2 inhibition decreased MRP1-mediated efflux of doxorubicin. This study supports a model in which CK2α potentiates MRP1 function via direct phosphorylation of Thr249. We believe that addition of CK2 inhibitors to cancer treatments will improve therapeutic outcome in part due to reversal of MRP1- mediated drug resistance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 788. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-788
Tips for Giving a Memorable Presentation, Part VI
Authors: Jay A. Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Previous articles in this series have focused on tips for educators and leaders in giving a presentation, followed by articles on composing the talk and PowerPoint slides. This article focuses on how a speaker can effectively use questions to engage the audience and answer questions from the listeners, including members of the media. Additional comments will be given on how to give a clear presentation so that many questions will not be necessary.
MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION FRACTION, A NEW ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC PARAMETER FOR PREDICTION OF SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH LIGHT-CHAIN AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Paolo Milani, Angela Dispenzieri, Morie Gertz, Giampaolo Merlini, Martha Lacy, Francis K. Baudi, Shaji Kumar, Mathew Maurer, Kyle Klarich, Suzanne R. Hayman, Nelson Leung, David Dingli, John A. Lust, Yi Lin, Prashant Kapoor, Ronald S. Go, Yi Hwa, Steve Zeldenrust, Robert Kyle, Vincent S. Rajkumar, Martha Grogan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
1041 OUTCOMES OF RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION FOR HYPOVASCULAR HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMAS
Authors: Y. Yasui, K. Tsuchiya, M. Muraoka, K. Tanaka, Y. Suzuki, N. Tamaki, T. Hosokawa, J. Itakura, H. Nakanishi, M. Kurosaki, Y. Asahina, N. Izumi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The term ‘non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis’ is much more important to classify than to diagnose patients with axial spondyloarthritis
Authors: Atul Deodhar, Vibeke Strand, Jonathan Kay, Juergen Braun
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

The term axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) now is used frequently to describe patients with predominantly axial symptoms who fit into the spectrum of a well-recognised rheumatic disease that continues to be known as ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The 2009 Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) classification criteria, developed to identify patients with early or atypical disease which could not be classified by the 1984 modified New York (mNY) criteria for AS, have led to a differentiation between non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) and radiographic axSpA, which is largely synonymous with AS. The main reason to distinguish between these ends of the spectrum of axSpA was that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors (TNFi) approved for AS could obtain additional labelling for nr-axSpA and be used to treat all patients manifesting clinical features of axSpA. These two terms are distinguished by the degree of 'radiographic sacroiliitis' assessed by conventional radiography, according to the 1984 mNY criteria for AS. Since this differentiation has been shown to be not very reliable, we argue that the terms nr-axSpA and AS should only be used for classification of patients with axSpA and not as separate diagnoses. Therefore, we propose that only the term axSpA be used to diagnose patients, unless there is a meaningful medical reason to differentiate nr-axSpA from AS. The available data justify performing randomised controlled trials designed to obtain regulatory approval for therapeutic agents in patients across the entire spectrum of axSpA.
Medical Considerations in the Care of Elderly Patients with Hip Fractures
Authors: Robert J. Fahey, Richard M. Kilfoyle, Joseph H. Shortell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

IN SHARP contrast to the attitude of a few years back, hip nailing in aged people suffering from various medical disabilities has become accepted surgical practice. Penicillin, carefully controlled anesthesia, the use of blood and standard physiologic fluids, refinements of surgical technic and early ambulation have permitted feats of major surgery previously believed impossible, especially in the aged. In the cases of hip fracture, traction or a plaster spica was used by choice under the impression that operation was too great a risk in this age group. This attitude is now reversed, and nailing is performed to avoid the many . . .
Abstract 2769: DSRCT: Establishing xenograft and tissue culture cell lines and assessing chemosensitivity.
Authors: Constantine SA Markides, Dana M. Vardeman, Linh Luong, Douglas R. Coil, Anthony Kozielski, John Mendoza, Beppino C. Giovanella
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an extremely rare and aggressive neoplasm which mainly affects young males and generally presents as a widely disseminated tumor within the peritoneal cavity. Due to the rarity of the tumor, a younger and overall healthier patient population, and because it lacks definitive histologic and immunohistologic features, it is possible that DSRCT is frequently delayed in diagnosis or is entirely misdiagnosed as a different kind of abdominal sarcoma. This study seeks to rectify the dearth of models that exist for this rare neoplasm through the development of several DSRCT tissue culture and xenograft lines. Samples were received from surgeries and biopsies from patients around the world and were immediately processed for xenograft development in nude mice. Tumor tissues were minced and fragments were injected onto the dorsal flank of nude mice. Of the 15 samples received, 9 were established into xenograft lines and 6 of those into tissue culture lines. Xenografts displayed the microscopic histology of their parent tumors and two different growth rates among established xenograft lines. Chemosensitivity of tumors was assessed against a variety of chemotherapeutic agents and IC50 values established for each drug and cell line. Interestingly, the cell lines were split into two distinct groups in terms of morphology, growth rate and chemosensitivity. Overall, the establishment of these xenograft and tissue culture lines gives researchers tools to evaluate DSRCT response to chemotherapy and investigate DSRCT-specific signaling pathways or mechanisms. Citation Format: Constantine SA Markides, Dana M. Vardeman, Linh Luong, Douglas R. Coil, Anthony Kozielski, John Mendoza, Beppino C. Giovanella. DSRCT: Establishing xenograft and tissue culture cell lines and assessing chemosensitivity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2769. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2769
ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY
Authors: N. K. RICKLES
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1947)

The total approach to the treatment of the acute psychotic should embody not only the active phase of the treatment, with a complete physical and laboratory study, but a thorough study, of the patient in relationship ship to his environment. This necessitates an intimate understanding on the part of the physician of the personalities of the entire family group. A human yet scientific approach incorporates the philosophy and friendliness of the old family physician with the dynamic interpretation and understanding of modern psychiatry: a personalized service adaptable to the individual and his family instead of a detached impersonal attitude that is so prevalent in large institutions and that would become more so in so-called Socialized Medicine. A five-year follow-up program on 200 cases which followed such a program has been studied and presented. The recovery rate under this procedure has been extremely high and has been maintained over a period of 1 to 5 years in 80% of the cases.
Tc-99m Sestamibi Uptake in Infiltrating Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast in a Male Patient
Authors: JOHN F. HIBBELN, MICHAEL J. BLEND, DONALD K. WOOD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 73-year-old man had an asymptomatic, slowly growing breast nodule. The mammographic appearance was highly suspicious of a malignancy, but the patient refused to undergo a biopsy. Because breast carcinoma has been previously described to accumulate Tc-99m MIBI in women, mammoscintigraphy was performed as a complementary examination. Uptake of the agent was noted.
Psychogenic Factors in the Etiology of Diabetes
Authors: B. R. Gendel, Julien E. Benjamin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

EVER since the demonstration by Von Mering and Minkowski that extirpation of the pancreas in dogs produces diabetes, a great deal of research work has been performed to elucidate the pathogenesis of this disease. The influence of heredity has been stressed, and the evidence that diabetes is inherited as a Mendelian recessive has been presented by Pincus and White.1 Additional factors, such as obesity, have also been evaluated. From the experimental field, the relation of diabetes to the pituitary gland has been demonstrated by Houssay2 and that to the adrenal glands by Long and Lukens.3 Recently, the study of experimentally . . .
Impact de l'échoendoscopie dans la prise en charge des cancers gastriques: résultats d'une étude rétrospective chez 156 patients
Authors: M Giovannini, E Bories, F Caillol, C Pesenti, L Moureau-Zabotto, J Guiramand, G Monges, JL Raoul
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

La place de l'EE dans la prise en charge des cancers gastriques a récemment changé depuis la publication d'essais randomisés montrant l'efficacité de la chimiothérapie néo-adjuvante par rapport à la chirurgie seule sur la survie des patients présentant une tumeur infiltrante. Le but de cette étude a été d'évaluer l'impact de l'EE pré et post chimiothérapie dans les cancers gastriques opérables.
Maternal Viral Load, Zidovudine Treatment, and the Risk of Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from Mother to Infant
Authors: Rhoda S. Sperling, David E. Shapiro, Robert W. Coombs, John A. Todd, Steven A. Herman, George D. McSherry, Mary Jo O'Sullivan, Russell B. Van Dyke, Eleanor Jimenez, Christine Rouzioux, Patricia M. Flynn, John L. Sullivan, Stephen A. Spector, Clemente Diaz, James Rooney, James Balsley, Richard D. Gelber, Edward M. Connor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

A placebo-controlled trial has shown that treatment with zidovudine reduces the rate at which human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted from mother to infant. We present data from that trial showing the number of infected infants at 18 months of age and the relation between the maternal viral load, the risk of HIV-1 transmission, and the efficacy of zidovudine treatment. Viral cultures were obtained, and HIV-1 RNA was measured by two assays in samples of maternal blood obtained at study entry and at delivery.
377 INHIBITION OF THE PRO-FIBROGENIC TH17 IMMUNE RESPONSE BY CANNABINOID RECEPTOR 2 AGONIST DECREASES LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: F. Lafdil, A. Guillot, A. Bizy, K. Zoltani, V. Deveaux, S. Zafrani, A. Mallat, S. Lotersztajn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Effect of Cholesterol on Production of Thromboxane B<sub>2</sub>by Platelets in Vitro
Authors: Marie J. Stuart, Jonathan M. Gerrard, James G. White
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

We altered platelet cholesterol by incubating the cells with either "cholesterol-rich" or "cholesterol-poor" liposomes. These platelets were then used to study the influence of cholesterol content on the metabolism of arachidonic acid, a fatty acid that serves as the critical precursor in the platelet for formation of the potent aggregating agent thromboxane A2. After addition of the aggregating agent thrombin, cholesterol-enriched platelets released 18.1 +/- 0.6 per cent (mean +/- 1 S.E.M.) [14C]arachidonic acid from prelabeled platelet phospholipids. This value was higher (P less than 0.001) than that for cholesterol-depleted platelets (14.6 +/- 1.0 per cent). Conversion of released arachidonic acid to platelet thromboxane B2 (the stable end product of thromboxane A2) was also higher in cholesterol-rich platelets (22.6 +/- 3.9 per cent) than in cholesterol-depleted platelets (13.8 +/- 2.7 per cent). These studies show that changes in the cholesterol content of human platelets in vitro have a significant effect on platelt metabolism of arachidonic acid. N Engl J Med 302:6-10, 1980).
EXTERNAL VALIDATION OF PROGNOSTIC RULES FOR 30-DAY POST-PULMONARY EMBOLISM MORTALITY: ASSESSMENT OF A CLAIMS-BASED AND THREE CLINICAL-BASED APPROACHES
Authors: Christine Kohn, Erin R. Weeda, Gregory Fermann, W. Frank Peacock, Christopher Tanner, Daniel McGrath, Concetta Crivera, Jeffrey R. Schein, Craig Coleman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Lymph Node to Primary Tumor SUV Ratio by 18F-FDG PET/CT and the Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastases in Breast Cancer
Authors: Jihyun Park, Byung Hyun Byun, Woo Chul Noh, Seung Sook Lee, Hyun-Ah Kim, Eun-Kyu Kim, Chang Woon Choi, Sang Moo Lim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Purpose The authors evaluated the usefulness of axillary lymph node (ALN) to primary breast tumor SUV ratio (determined by 18F-FDG PET/CT) for predicting the presence of ALN metastasis in breast cancer. Methods One hundred thirty-six consecutive female patients with breast cancer were enrolled in this retrospective study between January 2009 and November 2012. All patients underwent surgical resection without neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and ALN metastases were histologically confirmed by ALN dissection (n = 75) or sentinel lymph node (LN) biopsy (n = 61). The maximum SUVs of FDG-avid ALNs (SUVLN) and of primary breast tumors were measured on preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT images, and ALN to primary breast tumor SUV ratios (LN/T ratios) were calculated. In a subgroup of patients with FDG-avid ALNs, optimal cutoff values for SUVLN and LN/T ratio were determined by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for predicting the presence of ALN metastasis. Subsequently, the diagnostic performances of visual analysis (presence of FDG-avidity), SUVLN, and LN/T ratio for the prediction of ALN metastasis were determined. Results In a subgroup of patients with FDG-avid ALNs (n = 65), the area under the curve and the optimal criteria of SUVLN for detecting ALN metastasis were 0.655 and greater than 2.1, and those of LN/T ratio were 0.739 and greater than 0.2, respectively. For these criteria, the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of detecting ALN metastasis were 71.4%, 77.3%, and 74.3%, respectively, for visual analysis; 47.1%, 93.9%, and 69.9%, respectively, for SUVLN; and 62.9%, 92.4%, and 77.2%, respectively, for LN/T ratio in all patients. The specificity of LN/T ratio was significantly higher than that of visual analysis (P = 0.0259). Although the sensitivity of LN/T ratio was higher than that of SUVLN, it did not reach a statistical significance (P = 0.0874). Conclusions The LN/T ratio better predicts the presence of ALN metastasis than visual analysis or SUVLN in breast cancer.
1350 GASTRIC BYPASS IS EFFICIENT ON MEBOLIC AND LIVER STEATOSIS AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC BANDING RELAPSE
Authors: G. Lassailly, R. Caiazzo, D. Buob, A. Louvet, F. Artru, S. Dharancy, V. Canva-Delcambre, P. Deltenre, F. Pattou, P. Mathurin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The Diagnosis of Peritoneo-Pleural Communication with Tc-99m MAA Scintigraphy in the Absence of Ascites
Authors: A Boz, A Cilli, A Yildiz, F Güngör, B Karayalĉin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

A 54-year-old man with a history of cirrhosis had a right-sided large pleural effusion despite the absence of abdominal ascites. After injection of Tc-99m MAA into the peritoneal space under ultrasound guidance, rapid accumulation of radioactivity in the right pleural effusion was noted, suggesting a peritoneo-pleural communication. Demonstration of the origin of the pleural effusion in the absence of abdominal ascites using Tc-99m MAA scintigraphy may play an important role in the treatment of patients with this problem.
Case 30-2013
Authors: Tracey A. Cho, Jeremy D. Schmahmann, Mary E. Cunnane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 19-year-old man presented with otalgia, slurred speech, and ataxia 1 month after an episode of infectious mononucleosis. Otalgia improved after myringotomy and antibiotic therapy, but ataxia worsened and cognitive impairment developed. A diagnosis and management decisions were made.
Randomized trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin plus 5-fluorouraeilrwith or without leucovorin, in locally advanced head and neck cancer
Authors: E. Fonseca, J.J. Cruz, C.A. Rodriguez, A. Gómezbernal, G. Martin, P. Sánchez, A. Mu≁oz, J.L. Pardal
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1997)
Abstract IA-10: Examining the scale and scope of tools and programs to navigate in translational oncology space: Lessons learned
Authors: Stephen H. Friend
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Over the past five years extensive coherent data has been assembled into probabilistic causal models of diseases. These models show the potential power of generating larger and more comprehensive models. Leveraging significant datasets generated by the Genetics group at Rosetta, the compute clusters, and know-how, we have launched a non-profit commons called Sage based at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. We will work to generate 1) a repository of coherent global datasets with genetic information, intermediate markers, and clinical outcomes capable of generating probabilistic causal models of disease, 2) the tools and architecture required to combine data sets and the interoperability required for use of multiple tools, 3) the hosting and curation of diverse disease models as generated by the community and 4) the governance and rules required for this to become a “commons” where open access enables a contributor network. New directions and examples of these models will be discussed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):IA-10.
Against the Grain
Authors: Ole-Petter Riksfjord Hamnvik, Fidencio Saldana, Bruce D. Levy, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 42-year-old man with a history of coronary artery disease presented to the emergency department with left-upper-quadrant abdominal pain that radiated to his back and along the subcostal margin. He also reported substernal chest pressure similar to his usual angina.