tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of High-Intensity Local Treatment for Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Propensity Score–Weighted Analysis From the National Cancer Data Base
Authors: Thomas Seisen, Maxine Sun, Jeffrey J. Leow, Mark A. Preston, Alexander P. Cole, Francisco Gelpi-Hammerschmidt, Nawar Hanna, Christian P. Meyer, Adam S. Kibel, Stuart R. Lipsitz, Paul L. Nguyen, Joaquim Bellmunt, Toni K. Choueiri, Quoc-Dien Trinh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Purpose Evidence from studies of other malignancies has indicated that aggressive local treatment (LT), even in the presence of metastatic disease, is beneficial. Against a backdrop of stagnant mortality rates for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (mUCB) at presentation, we hypothesized that high-intensity LT of primary tumor burden, defined as the receipt of radical cystectomy or ≥ 50 Gy of radiation therapy delivered to the bladder, affects overall survival (OS). Patients and Methods We identified 3,753 patients within the National Cancer Data Base who received multiagent systemic chemotherapy combined with high-intensity versus conservative LT for primary mUCB. Patients who received no LT, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor alone, or &lt; 50 Gy of radiation therapy delivered to the bladder were included in the conservative LT group. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) –adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to compare OS of patients who received high-intensity versus conservative LT. Results Overall, 297 (7.91%) and 3,456 (92.09%) patients with mUCB received high-intensity and conservative LT, respectively. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that median OS was significantly longer in the high-intensity LT group than in the conservative LT group (14.92 [interquartile range, 9.82 to 30.72] v 9.95 [interquartile range, 5.29 to 17.08] months, respectively; P &lt; .001). Furthermore, in IPTW-adjusted Cox regression analysis, high-intensity LT was associated with a significant OS benefit (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.65; P &lt; .001). Conclusion We report an OS benefit for individuals with mUCB treated with high-intensity versus conservative LT. Although the findings are subject to the usual biases related to the observational study design, these preliminary data warrant further consideration in randomized controlled trials, particularly given the poor prognosis associated with mUCB.
Attainment of molecular remission: a worthwhile goal?
Authors: J G Gribben
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.8.1532 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8040663 Attainment of molecular remission: a worthwhile goal? J G GribbenxJ G GribbenSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.8.1532 First Page PDF © 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Effects of Lipopolysaccharides Derived From Bacteria and Tumor Tissues on Liver Catalase Activity, Plasma Iron Concentration, and Organ Weights
Authors: R F KAMPSCHMIDT, G SCHULTZ, P McKINZIE
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Lipopolysaccharides obtained from tumor tissue or Escherichia coli, when injected into normal rats, depressed plasma iron concentration, liver catalase activity, and thymus weight while increasing the weight of the liver and spleen. The material responsible for a decrease in plasma iron concentration was found almost exclusively in the lipopolysaccharide fractions. A relatively large dose of the lipopolysaccharide was required to decrease liver catalase activity, while fractions other than the lipopolysaccharides were found more effective in lowering liver catalase activity. On the basis of the evidence obtained, it is concluded that the changes produced by toxohormone on plasma iron concentration and liver catalase activity are caused by different substances. The possibility that the plasma iron effect may be due to intrinsic bacterial or viral contamination of the tumor tissue is discussed.
Self-Sustained Resistance to Suppression of CD8+ Teff Cells at the Site of Autoimmune Inflammation Can Be Reversed by Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interferon-γ Blockade
Authors: Alessandra Petrelli, Ellen J. Wehrens, Rianne C. Scholman, Berent J. Prakken, Sebastian J. Vastert, Femke van Wijk
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective Resistance of Teff cells to Treg cell–mediated suppression contributes to the breakdown of peripheral tolerance in the inflamed joints of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, unanswered questions are whether this resistant phenotype is self‐sustained and whether CD8+ and CD4+ Teff cells share the same mechanism of resistance to suppression. We undertook this study to investigate intrinsic resistance of CD8+ Teff cells to suppression and to determine how this can be targeted therapeutically. Methods CD8+ or CD4+ Teff cells were cultured with or without antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) in Treg cell–dependent and –independent suppression assays. Synovial fluid (SF)–derived Teff cells were crosscultured with peripheral blood (PB) Treg cells from JIA patients or healthy controls. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or interferon‐γ (IFNγ) blocking agents were used to restore Teff cell responsiveness to suppression. Results Suppression of cell proliferation and cytokine production in CD8+ Teff cells from the SF of JIA patients was severely impaired compared to that in CD8+ Teff cells from the PB of JIA patients, regardless of the presence of APCs and CD4+ Teff cells. Similar to CD4+ Teff cells, impaired suppression of CD8+ Teff cells was shown to be an intrinsic feature of this cell population. While TNF blockade restored both CD8+ and CD4+ Teff cell susceptibility to suppression, autocrine release of IFNγ selectively sustained CD8+ Teff cell resistance, which could be relieved by IFNγ blockade. Conclusion Unlike CD4+ Teff cells, resistance of CD8+ Teff cells to suppression at the site of autoimmune inflammation is maintained by autocrine release of IFNγ, and blockade of IFNγ restores CD8+ Teff cell responsiveness to suppression. These findings indicate a potential therapeutic value of blocking IFNγ to restore immune regulation in JIA.
THU0355 Fragility Fractures in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Compared to the General Population: Table 1.
Authors: M. Englund, Y. Yamamoto, H. Wingstrand, A. Turkiewicz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> RA has fairly consistently been reported to be associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fracture to the hip and wrist. However, new effective treatments for RA have now existed for some 15 years, and there is only limited and conflicting evidence of the fracture risk in patients with OA. There is a need to gain new knowledge based on more robust data of the actual fracture risk in both these diseases, preferably using a cohort analysis type of approach with less potential for selection bias than classic case-control study designs. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the rate ratio of hip and distal radius fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hip osteoarthritis (OA) and knee OA, respectively. <h3>Methods</h3> Cohort study using healthcare data (1998-2012) covering the entire population of Skåne region, Sweden (1.3 million 2012). We identified all RA, hip OA and knee OA patients aged ≥45 years, who we followed until their first hip or distal radius fracture, death, relocation, or end of study period. We calculated the age-standardized fracture-rate ratio (SFR) compared to the general population. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 741 598 subjects aged 45 or older at the time of inclusion eligible for the study population. The mean (SD) age at the beginning of the follow-up period was 57.7 (13.1) years and 52% were women. We identified 8467 patients with RA, 29 706 patients with hip OA and 55 753 patients diagnosed with knee OA at risk for hip fracture and similar numbers for radius fracture. We found a significantly increased rate of hip fracture in both female (SFR=1.54; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.40, 1.70) and male RA patients (SFR=1.81; 95% CI 1.51, 2.17). The hip fracture rate in female hip and knee OA patients, respectively, was reduced (SFR=0.81; 95% CI 0.74, 0.89 and SFR=0.89; 95% CI 0.85, 0.93), but not in men when subjects with total hip replacement were censored (Table 1). In OA patients, the rate ratio of trochanteric fracture tended to be higher compared cervical fracture. The rate of distal radius fracture in both female and male knee OA patients tended to be slightly increased compared to the general population (SFR=1.11; 95% CI 0.97, 1.26 and 1.05; 95% CI 1.00, 1.11, respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In RA and OA there are distinctly different risks of sustaining fragility fractures. The 50 to 80% increased rate of hip fracture adds to the total burden of RA while the shifted distribution of cervical/trochanteric fracture types in OA patients are in support of subchondral bone alterations. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Website of the week: The fertile window
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A pregnancy theme runs through this week's BMJ—from the optimum interpregnancy interval for minimising maternal morbidity and mortality (p 1255) to diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (p 1235). Wilcox and colleagues also offer a fresh perspective on the definition of the fertile window (p 1259). Conventional wisdom speaks of six fertile days in an average woman's menstrual cycle, five days before ovulation and the day of ovulation itself, but Wilcox finds that the fertile window is much wider than was thought and stretches between days 6 and 21. This is good and bad news, not least for the rhythm method (www.sexhealth.org/infocenter/GuideSS/rhythm.htm).

However, most people resorting to the web will want advice on fertility rather than contraception, and they won't be disappointed. The Couple to Couple League talks about a complex cycle involving phases, days, and thermal shifts (www.ccli.org/nfp/index.shtml) until you realise it doesn't make any sense. But why bother trying to understand when Deb Donovan can guide you through the complexities of body basal temperature, cervical positioning, and secretions (www.parentsplace.com/fertility/conception/gen/0,3375,11181-2,00.html)? In fact there are groups and gizmos wherever you turn. Tom Weschler's Taking Charge of Your Fertility is clearly the most fashionable book in fertility circles (www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0060950536/ivillagepp/105-1837617-0535915). Carol Petherbridge, a naturopathic physician, and Marilyn Lerner, a midwife, offer you Woman's Window, a microscope-like device that equates fertile days with peculiarities in salivary patterns (www.greensprings.com/moon/).

More believably, the World Health Organization estimates that more than 300 million people worldwide are not satisfied with contraceptive methods, resulting in 8-30 million unintended pregnancies each year (www.who.int/rht/fpp/fpp_challenges.htm). What the Holy See makes of all this is unclear: the Vatican's website has a long way to go before it picks up the beat of the internet's rhythm (www.vatican.va/).
Remembering Earl
Authors: David M Mokotoff
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AB0888 Poor Adherence to Osteoporosis Treatment in Patients with Hip Fracture: A Retrospective Study
Authors: B. Magallares Lόpez, A. Acosta, M. Barcelό, A. Rodriguez de la Serna
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Poor adherence to treatment is a big common problem in Osteoporosis (OP), especially in elderly patients, and results in an increased risk of fracture <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the clinical characteristics of our patients with Hip fracture and evaluate their adherence to OP therapy through their attendance to scheduled medical visits <h3>Methods</h3> Observational, retrospective, 2-year study of Hip fractures patients. We recorded: demographic and clinical data (history of fragility fractures and OP treatment previous and after hip fracture) as well as attendance at subsequent scheduled visits and the presence of cognitive deficit and dependence on others <h3>Results</h3> 96 patients with Hip fracture were included. Demographic and clinical data are shown in Table 1: 84.4% of patients attended the second scheduled visit after hip fracture, and 54.2% and 29.2% did to first and 2nd year visits 6 patients reported fractures at the 2 year follow-up visit: 2 distal radius, 1 periprosthetic, 1 costal, 1 shoulder and 1 pelvic branches fractures. Possible reasons recorded of loss of follow up were: death (9.4%), family decision (7.3%), intercurrence of other serious illness (4.2%) and unknown reasons (48.9%). 34.2% of females attended to the 2nd year visit and only 1892% male did, but we didn9t find a statistically significant relationship between gender and attendance at scheduled visits (p=0.217) 40.5% of patients on Zoledronic Acid completed the 2 years of follow up, as well as: 36.4% on Oral Bisphosphonates, 25% on Denosumab and 16.7% on Strontium Ranelate. The 2 patients with teriparatide also completed 2 years follow up. 34.4% of patients without cognitive deficit attended all visits, compared to 18.8% of those who had cognitive deficit (statistically significant difference; p=0.032). Regarding dependency, 38.9% of non-dependent patients completed all visits compared to 16.7% of dependent patients (statistically significant; p=0.005). Performing a multivariate approach using a Cox regression analysis for age, cognitive deficit and dependence we observed that the strongest factor associated with loss in follow up was dependence, followed by cognitive impairment and age <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our experience indicate that being dependent and cognitively impaired results in lower attendance to scheduled visits, which is associated with a high risk of non-adherence to treatment <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0497 Risk Factors Affecting Length of Hospital Stay After Total Knee Arthroplasty in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis Patients
Authors: K. Kawakami, R. Hiroshima, H. Takaoka, N. Koenuma, T. Mochizuki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The length of hospital stay (LOS) has become a valuable outcome measure of any operation, and it also directly impacts hospital cost. <h3>Objectives</h3> To identify risk factors for LOS after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We evaluated 259 (RA, 29; OA, 230) patients undergoing TKA at our hospital from July 2012 to August 2014. The RA patients group had a mean age of 70 years and included 22 females and 7 males. The OA patients group included 188 females and 42 males with a mean age of 75 years. Data collected included LOS, gender, age, body mass index (BMI), use of anti-platelet agents, operative time, use of cement for TKA, postoperative estimated blood loss and postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The diagnosis of DVT was based on ultrasonography. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to identify variables predictive of prolonged LOS. LOS and operative time of RA and OA patients were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test. <h3>Results</h3> The results of the multiple linear regression analysis indicated that age (P&lt;0.001) and operative time (P=0.003) were risk factors for prolonged LOS. A sub-analysis of operative time revealed that male gender (P&lt;0.001), BMI (P=0.046) and the use of cement for TKA (P=0.009) were associated with longer operative time. Of the patients undergoing TKA, the median LOS was 26 (RA, 26; OA, 26) days and the median operative time was 73 (RA, 72; OA, 74) minutes. There were no statistically significant differences between RA and OA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We identified that elderly patients and longer operative time are associated with increased LOS among RA and OA patients undergoing TKA, and male gender, higher BMI and the use of cement for TKA are risk factors for longer operative time. There is a need to increase knowledge on the risk factors of longer LOS to reduce total hospital costs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Statins and Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nested Case–Control Study
Authors: Koray Tascilar, Sophie Dell'Aniello, Marie Hudson, Samy Suissa
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

Objective Statins have antiinflammatory/immunomodulatory effects that may be useful in preventing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but previous observational studies about the risk of RA with statin use yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to determine whether high‐intensity statin treatment is associated with reduced risk of RA. Methods Using data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we performed a nested case–control analysis in a population‐based cohort of patients who began receiving statins between 1997 and 2009 and were followed up until a first diagnosis of RA, death, end of registration with the physician's practice, or end of January 2011. For each case of RA, 10 age‐, sex‐, and calendar year–matched controls were randomly selected from risk sets. We estimated the hazard ratio (HR) of incident RA in the highest quintile of duration‐weighted average statin intensity compared to the lowest, using conditional logistic regression. Models were adjusted for smoking status, total cholesterol level, obesity, history of cardiovascular disease, coexistent autoimmune disease, hypothyroidism, and persistence with treatment. Results The cohort included 528,654 new users of statins, with 1,357 new cases of RA occurring during a mean follow‐up of 3.3 years, for an incidence rate of 7.9 per 10,000 person‐years. Cases were more likely to be smokers, to have other autoimmune diseases, and to have had lower total cholesterol levels at baseline. The incidence of RA was lower in the highest statin intensity quintile (adjusted HR 0.77 [95% confidence interval 0.63–0.95]) in comparison to the lowest quintile. Conclusion In this large population‐based study, high‐intensity statin treatment was associated with a reduced risk of RA in comparison to low‐intensity statin treatment.
The Dry River
Authors: M Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical outcome of platinum/etoposide treated large cell neuroendocrine carcinomas of the lung according to the type of radiotherapy received: a single institution analysis
Authors: B. Ricciuti, G. Metro, P. Ferolla, R. Chiari, L. Paglialunga, L. Perrone, M.F. Currà, D. Giannarelli, C. Bennati, V. Minotti, A. Sidoni, R. Bellavita, L. Crinò
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Report of Committee on Infectious Ectromelia of Mice (Mouse Pox)
Authors: Richard E. Shope, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article Report of Committee on Infectious Ectromelia of Mice (Mouse Pox) Get access Richard E. Shope, M.D. Richard E. Shope, M.D. The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 2, October 1954, Pages 405–408, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.2.405 Published: 01 October 1954