tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Crizotinib in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with <i>de novo </i>c-Met overexpression.
Authors: An Na Li, Jin-Ji Yang, Xu-Chao Zhang, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

8090 Background: c-Met gene amplification has been identified as one of the acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and de novo activation in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, it is not clear whether c-Met overexpression could be as the biomarker for de novo. Methods: Advanced NSCLC patients with de novo c-Met expression were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) .≥50% tumor cells with moderate to high intensity staining were defined as c-Met positive. Gene copy numbers have been detected by FISH ( By Cappuzzo scoring system ≥5 copies were positive or MET/CEP7 ratio ≥1.8 was defined as c-MET amplification ).The statuses of EGFR, ALK, KRAS and ROS1were also tested. Results: From January 2013 to December 2014, 24 eligible patients with c-Met IHC overexpression received crizotinib treatment (3 female, median age 59 years), with 19 evaluable for response.Eleven of them achieved partial response (PR), 3 were stable disease (SD) and 5 were progressive disease (PD).All responders had high c-Met IHC status, and 8 with FISH positive. (Table 1).Adverse events of grade 3 QT prolongation have been found in 1 patient. For one death with interstitial lung disease, causality to crizotinib was not ruled out. The other most frequent drug-related AEs were grade1-2, including nausea (14/19), anorexia (14/19), vomiting(10/19),visual impairment (6/19). EGFR, ALK, KRAS and ROS1 were all negative . Accrual of advanced patients is ongoing. Conclusions: c-Met overexpression could be as a biomarker for de novo c-Met amplified NSCLC. c-Met inhibitor against de novoc-Met overexpressed NSCLC is a good strategy. IHC seems not worse than FISH in predicting efficacy for c-Met inhibitor. Objective response to crizotinib treatment for advanced NSCLC patients with de novo c-Met overexpression. Patient No. IHC of c-Met FISH of c-Met Response 1 55%×2 N/A PR 2 100%×3 focus PR 3 60%*2 - PR 4 70%×2 - SD 5 100%×3 focus PR 6 50%×3+30%×2 - PD 7 100%*3 - PR 8 65%*3+25%*2 - PD 9 15%*3+45%*2 - SD 10 100%*3 focus PD 11 70%*3 - PD 12 80%×3+20%×2 - PD 13 100%×3 focus PR 14 100%*3 focus PR 15 100%*3 focus PR 16 100%×3 focus PR 17 90%×2 - PD 18 80%*3 N/A PR 19 80%*2 focus PR
Rituximab for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hiroshi Okamoto, Naoyuki Kamatani
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

to the editor: Edwards et al. (June 17 issue) 1 show that the anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab provides effective therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. They report that the effects of rituximab are not associated with changes in serum immunoglobulin levels, suggesting that this anti-CD20 antibody alleviates symptoms associated with rheumatoid arthritis through an antibody-independent mechanism. In their study, serious bacterial infections occurred in only four patients (3.3 percent) in the rituximab groups. Nevertheless, we suspect that the use of this therapeutic protein may lead to severe infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, sepsis, and viremia. The target of rituximab, CD20, has been reported to associate with major-histocompatibilitycomplex (MHC) class II molecules and to have an important role in the activation of B cells. 2 Consequently, anti-antigen presentation may be one of the antibody-independent mechanisms by which rituximab functions. If this is the case, clinicians should be aware that the use of rituximab could allow for the development of severe infections, especially in cases in which functions of antigen presentation play an important role in disease protection.
Part 10.3: Drowning
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Drowning is a leading preventable cause of unintentional morbidity and mortality. Although this chapter focuses on treatment, prevention is possible, and pool fencing has been shown to reduce drowning and submersion injury (Class I).1

The most important and detrimental consequence of submersion is hypoxia. Therefore, oxygenation, ventilation, and perfusion should be restored as rapidly as possible. This will require immediate bystander CPR plus immediate activation of the emergency medical services (EMS) system. Victims who have spontaneous circulation and breathing when they reach the hospital usually recover with a good outcome.

Victims of drowning may develop primary or secondary hypothermia. If the drowning occurs in icy (<5°C [41°F]) water, hypothermia may develop rapidly and provide some protection against hypoxia. Such effects, however, have typically been reported only after submersion of young victims in icy water (see Part 10.4: “Hypothermia”).2

All victims of drowning (see definitions below) who require any form of resuscitation (including rescue breathing alone) should be transported to the hospital for evaluation and monitoring even if they appear to be alert with effective cardiorespiratory function at the scene. The hypoxic insult can produce an increase in pulmonary capillary permeability with delayed onset of pulmonary complications.

A number of terms are used to describe drowning. To aid in the use of consistent terminology and the uniform reporting of data from drowning, the Utstein definition and style of data reporting are recommended3:

Drowning . Drowning is a process resulting in primary respiratory impairment from submersion/immersion in a liquid medium. Implicit in this definition is that a liquid/air interface is present at the entrance of the victim’s airway, …
Association Between Diabetes and Hippocampal Atrophy in Elderly Japanese: The Hisayama Study
Authors: Naoki Hirabayashi, Jun Hata, Tomoyuki Ohara, Naoko Mukai, Masaharu Nagata, Mao Shibata, Seiji Gotoh, Yoshihiko Furuta, Fumio Yamashita, Kazufumi Yoshihara, Takanari Kitazono, Nobuyuki Sudo, Yutaka Kiyohara, Toshiharu Ninomiya
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between diabetes and brain or hippocampal atrophy in an elderly population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 1,238 community-dwelling Japanese subjects aged ≥65 years underwent brain MRI scans and a comprehensive health examination in 2012. Total brain volume (TBV), intracranial volume (ICV), and hippocampal volume (HV) were measured using MRI scans for each subject. We examined the associations between diabetes-related parameters and the ratios of TBV to ICV (an indicator of global brain atrophy), HV to ICV (an indicator of hippocampal atrophy), and HV to TBV (an indicator of hippocampal atrophy beyond global brain atrophy) after adjustment for other potential confounders. RESULTS The multivariable-adjusted mean values of the TBV-to-ICV, HV-to-ICV, and HV-to-TBV ratios were significantly lower in the subjects with diabetes compared with those without diabetes (77.6% vs. 78.2% for the TBV-to-ICV ratio, 0.513% vs. 0.529% for the HV-to-ICV ratio, and 0.660% vs. 0.676% for the HV-to-TBV ratio; all P &amp;lt; 0.01). These three ratios decreased significantly with elevated 2-h postload glucose (PG) levels (all P for trend &amp;lt;0.05) but not fasting plasma glucose levels. Longer duration of diabetes was significantly associated with lower TBV-to-ICV, HV-to-ICV, and HV-to-TBV ratios. The subjects with diabetes diagnosed in midlife had significantly lower HV-to-ICV and HV-to-TBV ratios than those without and those diagnosed in late life. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a longer duration of diabetes and elevated 2-h PG levels, a marker of postprandial hyperglycemia, are risk factors for brain atrophy, particularly hippocampal atrophy.
Refugee children with cancer in Turkey
Authors: Rejin Kebudi, Ibrahim Bayram, Begul Yagci-Kupeli, Serhan Kupeli, Gulay Sezgin, Esra Pekpak, Yesim Oymak, Dilek Ince, Suna Emir, Deniz Tugcu, Gulcihan Ozek, Ali Bay, Funda Tayfun Kupesiz, Sema Vural, Suheyla Ocak, Yontem Yaman, Yavuz Koksal, Cetin Timur, Selma Unal, Canan Vergin
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2016)
How to prevent transmission of MRSA in the open community?
Authors: F Vandenesch, J Etienne
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

In the past 20 to 30 years, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains have been present in hospitals and have become a major cause of hospital-acquired infection. Methicillin resistance rates of S. aureus vary considerably between countries, with a high prevalence in the United States, and southern Europe (&amp;gt;20%) and a low prevalence in northern Europe (&amp;lt; or =5%). Community-acquired MRSA emerged worldwide in the late 1990s. There has been great confusion in the literature between healthcare-associated MRSA infections occurring in the community in patients who are at risk of acquiring hospital MRSA (such as those with past history of hospital admission, immunocompromised status, etc.), and true CA-MRSA infections due to strains that are present in the community only.
The Golden Ratio of Beauty—A Hidden Treasure
Authors: Stephanie Mlacker, Vidhi V. Shah, Adam S. Aldahan, Colin A. McNamara, Mohammed Alsaidan, Keyvan Nouri
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Ability of an epigenetic assay to identify anterior prostate tumors based on a negative 12-core biopsy.
Authors: Todd Matthew Morgan, Simpa Samuel Salami, John Thomas Wei, Ganesh S. Palapattu, Amy Gursky, Wim Van Criekinge, Leander Van Neste, Rohit Mehra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

131 Background: There is increasing awareness that anterior-predominant prostate cancers (PCa) are poorly sampled by 12-core transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) prostate biopsies. Approximately one-fifth of all prostate tumors occur in this area, and many are high grade and extend beyond the prostatic capsule. An epigenetic assay, detecting PCa-specific DNA-methylation of GSTP1, RASSF1 and APC has shown to be a significant predictor for the presence of PCa in histopathologically cancer-negative biopsies through a cancer-associated field effect. It is currently unknown whether the field effect from an anterior-predominant cancer may be detected in standard posteriorly-directed sextant biopsy specimens. Methods: Seven patients with at least one prior negative TRUS biopsy were subsequently diagnosed with anterior-only PCa based on a transperineal mapping template prostate biopsy (MTPB). Three patients were diagnosed with low-grade Gleason score (GS) 6 tumors and four patients with GS ≥7 tumors. The outcome of the MTPB was compared with the result of the epigenetic test performed on the prior cancer-negative TRUS biopsy. Results: MTPB included a median of 68 cores (IQR 53-76). A total of 6 patients (86%) were methylation-positive at initial biopsy, suggesting that the field effect from these anterior-predominant cancers extends to the region of TRUS biopsy sampling. No methylation was found for one patient with only one GS6 positive core at MTPB and a tumor volume of 4%. Methylation intensities were higher for patients with GS ≥7 compared to those with GS6. A logistic regression model combining these intensities with traditional risk factors (PSA, age, TRUS-biopsy pathology and DRE) indicated higher risk scores for high-grade tumors. Conclusions: Aberrant DNA-methylation patterns are present in normal-appearing tissue from TRUS biopsy of patients with anteriorly located tumors. Although a small study, this is a unique cohort that underwent extensive sampling at re-biopsy demonstrating the presence of an anterior-predominant tumor. These results indicate that an epigenetic assay may be valuable even in patients with negative posteriorly-directed TRUS biopsies to detected anterior-predominant PCa.
Hepatitis and the Australia antigen.
Authors: W V Miller
Journal: BMJ (1969)

PointersThromboembolism and the Pill: Evidence from further studies confirms that oral contraceptives cause venous thromboembolism and cerebral thrombosis, but does not indicate that they are cause of coronary thrombosis (p.651).Hill-walkers' Risks: Metabolic studies in six volunteers showed skin temperature was related to environment and varied with clothing and adiposity, while rectal temperature depended directly on work load (p.657).Treating Leukaemia: Combination of vincristine and predn'sonc achieved complete remission in previously untreated children, but efficiency diminished with each successive relapse (p. 662).Xanthomatosis: Skin lesions responded well to treatment, and over 15 years the incidence of coronary artery disease was only slightly higher than in the general population (p.665).Contamination of Disinfectant: Alcaligenes faecalis cultured from behind plastic liners of bottle caps in stock bottles of phenolic disinfect- ant (p. 668) .Calciphylaxis : Iron-dextran considered " chal- lenger" in production of calcification in soft tissues of patient with renal failure (p.670).Tuberous Sclerosis : Three Zulu patients had cardiac arrhythmias associated with this condi- tion (p.672).Duogastrone Complication: Hypokalaemia and muscle paresis after treatment (p.674).
The Option of Replacing the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children Fruit Juice Supplements With Fresh Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Jason M. Nagata, Jennifer T. Djafari, Lisa J. Chamberlain
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Enzyme Changes Induced in Normal and Malignant Tissues with Chemical Agents. III. Effect of Acetylpodo-phyllotoxin-&lt;italic&gt;ω&lt;/italic&gt;-Pyridinium Chloride on Cytochrome Oxidase, Cytochrome C, Succinoxidase, Succinic Dehydrogenase, and Respiration of Sarcoma 37
Authors: V S WARAVDEKAR, A D PARADIS, J LEITER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Journal Article Enzyme Changes Induced in Normal and Malignant Tissues with Chemical Agents. III. Effect of Acetylpodo-phyllotoxin-ω-Pyridinium Chloride on Cytochrome Oxidase, Cytochrome C, Succinoxidase, Succinic Dehydrogenase, and Respiration of Sarcoma 37 Get access V. S. Waravdekar, V. S. Waravdekar Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anita D. Paradis, Anita D. Paradis Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Leiter J. Leiter Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 3, December 1953, Pages 585–592, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.3.585 Published: 01 December 1953 Article history Received: 22 July 1953 Published: 01 December 1953
Case 10-1978
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Richard A. Rudders, John C. Long
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Presentation of CaseA 50-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of lymphadenopathy.He was well until five months earlier, when a sore throat appeared; a course of penicillin gave no improvement. One month later he was first seen at this hospital, where examination revealed bilateral enlargement of preauricular and postauricular lymph nodes to a diameter of 2 cm. The tonsils were slightly enlarged, with a follicular exudate; the liver and spleen were not felt. A blood count was normal. An x-ray film of the chest showed two enlarged left hilar lymph nodes. A biopsy of a posterior cervical . . .
The Salience of Reward
Authors: Matthijs G. Bossong, René S. Kahn
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Targeting cannabinoid receptors in hepatocellular carcinoma?
Authors: Ariane Mallat, Sophie Lotersztajn
Journal: Gut (2016)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents a major health problem, accounting for 90% of primary liver cancer and the second cause of cancer-related death worldwide.1 The tumour predominantly occurs in cirrhotic livers following exposure to various risk factors, including hepatitis B and C virus infection, excessive alcohol intake and metabolic syndrome. The majority of patients are diagnosed at intermediate or advanced stages and are ineligible for curative treatment. Several mechanisms contribute to the initiation and progression of HCC, including chronic inflammation, DNA damage, epigenetic modifications, senescence, telomerase reactivation, chromosomal instability, neo-angiogenesis. However, despite advances in the comprehension of HCC biology, sorafenib remains the single drug approved for HCC treatment with a marginal improvement of overall survival in patients.

Endocannabinoids comprise a family of lipidic ligands for two canonical ubiquitous cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, among which anandamide, a CB1 ligand catabolised by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), and 2-arachydonoylglycerol, a CB1/CB2 ligand degraded by monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL), are best characterised.2 Both compounds also interact with non-cannabinoid receptors, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels or G protein-coupled receptor 55. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has been identified as a pivotal regulator …
Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement
Authors: Gretchen A. Stevens, Leontine Alkema, Robert E. Black, J. Ties Boerma, Gary S. Collins, Majid Ezzati, John T. Grove, Daniel R. Hogan, Margaret C. Hogan, Richard Horton, Joy E. Lawn, Ana Marušić, Colin D. Mathers, Christopher J. L. Murray, Igor Rudan, Joshua A. Salomon, Paul J. Simpson, Theo Vos, Vivian Welch
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2016)

Measurements of health indicators are rarely available for every population and period of interest, and available data may not be comparable.The Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER) define best reporting practices for studies that calculate health estimates for multiple populations (in time or space) using multiple information sources.Health estimates that fall within the scope of GATHER include all quantitative population-level estimates (including global, regional, national, or subnational estimates) of health indicators, including indicators of health status, incidence and prevalence of diseases, injuries, and disability and functioning; and indicators of health determinants, including health behaviours and health exposures.GATHER comprises a checklist of 18 items that are essential for best reporting practice.A more detailed explanation and elaboration document, describing the interpretation and rationale of each reporting item along with examples of good reporting, is available on the GATHER website (http://gather-statement.org).
Correction: Peptide-Loaded Langerhans Cells, Despite Increased IL15 Secretion and T-Cell Activation <i>In Vitro</i>, Elicit Antitumor T-Cell Responses Comparable to Peptide-Loaded Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells <i>In Vivo</i>
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

In this article (Clin Cancer Res 2011;17:1984–97), which was published in the April 1, 2011 issue of Clinical Cancer Research (1), the name of the seventh author is incorrect. The correct name is Jedd D. Wolchok.
Case 4-1976
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Jerome S. Brody, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 15-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of lingular atelectasis and a persistent pulmonary infiltrate.He was well until seven months previously, when a nonproductive cough developed, without fever. An antihistarnine and a cough preparation were prescribed, with no improvement. Three months before entry an x-ray film of the chest showed an infiltrate in the left lower lobe and collapse of the lingula. Cultures of sputum yielded no growth of pathogenic bacteria or fungi; a test for cold agglutinins was positive. The administration of erythromycin was without benefit. Two and a half . . .
Case 31-1970
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. McNeely, Samuel Hellman, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

PRESENTATION OF CASE First admission. A 17-year-old girl was referred to the hospital because of hilar lymphadenopathy.She had been well until 10 days previously, when there was the onset of a sharp pain in the right side of the chest; during the next two days the pain shifted to the left shoulder and to the right parasternal area. An x-ray film of the chest was reported to show a mass in each hilar region. Four days before admission the chest pain subsided, and painful areas within the mouth developed.There was no history of fever, night sweats, pruritus or . . .