tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-112 Hepatology outreach services to overcome inequalities in hepatitis c care in an isolated uk population: Abstract PTU-112 Table 1
Authors: R Buchanan, A Shalabi, L Grellier, J Parkes, S Khakoo
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Increasingly effective treatments for Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are unlikely to have a significant impact on disease prevalence unless barriers to specialist care and treatment are overcome. The Isle of Wight (IOW) is situated 3 miles off the coast of the UK and is without a local HCV treatment service. The aims of this study are to compare the care outcomes in patients with HCV living in this isolated community to a nearby mainland cohort and describe the initial impact of a hepatology outreach service to the island. <h3>Method</h3> The medical records of a representative 77 HCV patients from the IOW were compared to a random sample of 79 patients from Southampton City. Patients from the IOW who had been diagnosed by the drug support or sexual health services, but had never been seen by a Hepatology specialist, were contacted and invited to community based Hepatology outreach clinics. <h3>Results</h3> Patients from the IOW were older (p 0.007) and had a significantly higher prevalence of liver cirrhosis (p 0.01). Significantly more patients with HCV had died from liver disease on the IOW (p 0.03), although similar numbers had been treated (p 0.57) (Table 1). Those patients who were seen in hepatology clinics were reviewed in a similar time frame with 79% of IOW and 89% of Southampton patients being seen within 1 year of diagnosis (p 0.33). 14 patients on the IOW have been invited to 3 community outreach clinics in the sexual health and drug and alcohol support centres. Of these 7 attended, 3 have subsequently been referred for treatment, with 3 declining due to the distance and cost of travel to the mainland. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The IOW has a higher prevalence of advanced liver disease with excess mortality. In an attempt to address this inequality outreach clinics have been established and have initially proved effective at re-engaging patients with a known diagnosis of HCV into specialist care. However, in an isolated community the effectiveness of this will be limited without the provision of community-based treatment. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> R. Buchanan Grant/ Research Support from: Gilead Fellowship 2014, A. Shalabi: None Declared, L. Grellier: None Declared, J. Parkes: None Declared, S. Khakoo: None Declared.
Cytologic Studies of HeLa, a Strain of Human Cervical Carcinoma. III. Durations and Characteristics of the Mitotic Phases&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Paul S. Moorhead, T. C. Hsu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Cytologic Studies of HeLa, a Strain of Human Cervical Carcinoma. III. Durations and Characteristics of the Mitotic Phases Get access Paul S. Moorhead, Paul S. Moorhead Tissue Culture Laboratory and Department of Anatomy, University of Texas-Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. C. Hsu T. C. Hsu Tissue Culture Laboratory and Department of Anatomy, University of Texas-Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 5, April 1956, Pages 1047–1066, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.5.1047 Published: 01 April 1956 Article history Received: 12 September 1955 Published: 01 April 1956
Screening for Carotid Artery Stenosis: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Description: Update of the 1996 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force statement about screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (CAS) in the general population. Methods: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force examined the evidence on the natural history of CAS; systematic reviews of the accuracy of screening tests; observational studies of the harms of screening and treatment of asymptomatic CAS; and randomized, controlled trials of the benefits of treatment for CAS with carotid endarterectomy. Recommendation: Do not screen for asymptomatic CAS in the general adult population. (Grade D recommendation)
Polymer-DNA Nanoparticle-Induced CXCR4 Overexpression Improves Stem Cell Engraftment and Tissue Regeneration in a Mouse Hindlimb Ischemia Model
Authors: Lorenzo Deveza, Jeffrey Choi, Jerry Lee, Ngan Huang, John Cooke, Fan Yang
Journal: Theranostics (2016)

Peripheral arterial disease affects nearly 202 million individuals worldwide, sometimes leading to non-healing ulcers or limb amputations in severe cases.Genetically modified stem cells offer potential advantages for therapeutically inducing angiogenesis via augmented paracrine release mechanisms and tuned dynamic responses to environmental stimuli at disease sites.Here, we report the application of nanoparticle-induced CXCR4-overexpressing stem cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model.We found that CXCR4 overexpression improved stem cell survival, modulated inflammation in situ, and accelerated blood reperfusion.These effects, unexpectedly, led to complete limb salvage and skeletal muscle repair, markedly outperforming the efficacy of the conventional angiogenic factor control, VEGF.Importantly, assessment of CXCR4-overexpressing stem cells in vitro revealed that CXCR4 overexpression induced changes in paracrine signaling of stem cells, promoting a therapeutically desirable pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory phenotype.These results suggest that nanoparticle-induced CXCR4 overexpression may promote favorable phenotypic changes and therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in response to the ischemic environment.
Humanized Mouse Models of Clinical Disease
Authors: Nicole C. Walsh, Laurie L. Kenney, Sonal Jangalwe, Ken-Edwin Aryee, Dale L. Greiner, Michael A. Brehm, Leonard D. Shultz
Journal: Annual Review of Pathology Mechanisms of Disease (2016)

Immunodeficient mice engrafted with functional human cells and tissues, that is, humanized mice, have become increasingly important as small, preclinical animal models for the study of human diseases. Since the description of immunodeficient mice bearing mutations in the IL2 receptor common gamma chain (IL2rgnull) in the early 2000s, investigators have been able to engraft murine recipients with human hematopoietic stem cells that develop into functional human immune systems. These mice can also be engrafted with human tissues such as islets, liver, skin, and most solid and hematologic cancers. Humanized mice are permitting significant progress in studies of human infectious disease, cancer, regenerative medicine, graft-versus-host disease, allergies, and immunity. Ultimately, use of humanized mice may lead to the implementation of truly personalized medicine in the clinic. This review discusses recent progress in the development and use of humanized mice and highlights their utility for the study of human diseases.
p66Shc regulates renal vascular tone in hypertension-induced nephropathy
Authors: Bradley Miller, Oleg Palygin, Victoriya A. Rufanova, Andrew Chong, Jozef Lazar, Howard J. Jacob, David Mattson, Richard J. Roman, Jan M. Williams, Allen W. Cowley, Aron M. Geurts, Alexander Staruschenko, John D. Imig, Andrey Sorokin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

Renal preglomerular arterioles regulate vascular tone to ensure a large pressure gradient over short distances, a function that is extremely important for maintaining renal microcirculation. Regulation of renal microvascular tone is impaired in salt-sensitive (SS) hypertension-induced nephropathy, but the molecular mechanisms contributing to this impairment remain elusive. Here, we assessed the contribution of the SH2 adaptor protein p66Shc (encoded by Shc1) in regulating renal vascular tone and the development of renal vascular dysfunction associated with hypertension-induced nephropathy. We generated a panel of mutant rat strains in which specific modifications of Shc1 were introduced into the Dahl SS rats. In SS rats, overexpression of p66Shc was linked to increased renal damage. Conversely, deletion of p66Shc from these rats restored the myogenic responsiveness of renal preglomerular arterioles ex vivo and promoted cellular contraction in primary vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) that were isolated from renal vessels. In primary SMCs, p66Shc restricted the activation of transient receptor potential cation channels to attenuate cytosolic Ca2+ influx, implicating a mechanism by which overexpression of p66Shc impairs renal vascular reactivity. These results establish the adaptor protein p66Shc as a regulator of renal vascular tone and a driver of impaired renal vascular function in hypertension-induced nephropathy.
Cytostatics in Treatment of Prostatic Carcinoma
Authors: A DE LA PENA
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predictors of shorter-, medium-, and longer-term outcome in schizophrenia
Authors: T H McGlashan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Predictors of outcome were identified for 163 patients with DSM-III schizophrenia divided into three cohorts by length of follow-up interval: 0-9 years (N = 57), 10-19 years (N = 59), and 20 years or more (N = 47). The most powerful variables predicting outcome differed between follow-up intervals. Characteristics of premorbid functioning were most influential in the first decade of follow-up, family functioning emerged as important in the second decade, and family genetics influenced the third decade and beyond. Signs and symptoms proved predictive in consistent ways for midrange and longer-term outcomes. The results demonstrate significant variability in both the type and strength of relevant predictors depending on follow-up length.
Evaluation of the Risk of Relapse in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma at Event-Free Survival Time Points and Survival Comparison With the General Population in British Columbia
Authors: Greg Hapgood, Yvonne Zheng, Laurie H. Sehn, Diego Villa, Richard Klasa, Alina S. Gerrie, Tamara Shenkier, David W. Scott, Randy D. Gascoyne, Graham W. Slack, Christina Parsons, James Morris, Tom Pickles, Joseph M. Connors, Kerry J. Savage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

Studies in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) typically measure the time to events from diagnosis. We evaluated the risk of relapse at event-free survival time points in cHL and compared the risk of death to expected mortality rates in British Columbia (BC).The BC Cancer Agency Lymphoid Cancer Database was screened to identify all patients age 16 to 69 years diagnosed with cHL between 1989 and 2012 treated with the chemotherapy regimen of doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (or equivalent). We compared the observed mortality to the general population using age-, sex-, and calendar period-generated expected mortality rates from BC life-tables. Relative survival was calculated using a conditional approach and expressed as a standardized mortality ratio of observed-to-expected deaths.One thousand four hundred two patients were identified; 749 patients were male (53%), the median age was 32 years, and 68% had advanced-stage disease. The median follow-up time was 8.4 years. Seventy-two percent of relapses occurred within the first 2 years of diagnosis. For all patients, the 5-year risk of relapse from diagnosis was 18.1% but diminished to 5.6% for patients remaining event free at 2 years. For advanced-stage patients who were event free at 2 years, the 5-year risk of relapse was only 7.6%, and for those who were event free at 3 years, it was comparable to that of limited-stage patients (4.1% v 2.5%, respectively; P = .07). Furthermore, international prognostic score ≥ 4 and bulky disease were no longer prognostic in patients who were event free at 1 year. Although the relative survival improved as patients remained in remission, it did not normalize compared with the general population.Patients with cHL who are event free at 2 years have an excellent outcome regardless of baseline prognostic factors. All patients with cHL had an enduring increased risk of death compared with the general population.
FRI0585 Nailfold Videocapillaroscopy: An Open Window on Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: E. Zanatta, E. Pigatto, G. Famoso, P. Polito, P. Miatton, F. Schiavon, L. Punzi, F. Cozzi, F. Tona
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Cardiac involvement is an important determinant of prognosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The identification of patients with high risk has a great importance and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) predicts major adverse outcomes in several cardiovascular diseases (1). Nailfold video capillaroscopy (NVC) represents an essential tool in the classification criteria for SSc and the best method to analyse microvascular abnormalities in these patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the relationship between nailfold capillaroscopy-derived scores and coronary flow reserve (CFR), a marker of CMD, in SSc. <h3>Methods</h3> Twenty-three patients (20 F, 3 M, aged 59±12 years), 13 with diffuse and 12 with limited form of SSc, without clinical evidence of heart disease, and 23 healthy controls were enrolled. All patients underwent NVC. According to Sulli et al. the capillaroscopic parameters considered were: presence of enlarged and giant capillaries, haemorrhages, loss of capillaries (avascular score), microvascular disarray, and capillary ramifications. For each field was adopted a semiquantitative rating scale to score each capillary abnormality (1). Coronary flow velocity in the left anterior descending coronary artery was detected by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TDE) at rest and during adenosine infusion. CFR was the ratio of hyperaemic diastolic flow velocity (DFV) to resting DFV. A CFR≤2.5 was considered abnormal and marker of CMD. <h3>Results</h3> CFR was lower in patients with SSc than in healthy controls (2.2±0.8 vs 3.6±0.6, p&lt;0.0001). The prevalence of CMD was higher in patients than in controls (65% vs 4%, p&lt;0.0001). CFR was inversely related to avascular score (Figure A) and capillary ramification (r=-0.473, p=0.02). In patients with CMD (CFR≤2.5) avascular score was higher (0.78±0.06 vs 0.22±0.1, p=0.02) (Figure B). No relationship with other NVC scores was found. An exploratory receiver-operator characteristic analysis identified avascular score&gt;0.27 (AUC 0.80, p=0.01) as the best discriminating threshold for CMD (Sensitivity 73%, Specificity 75%, NPV 60%, PPV 84%; OR 2.93, p=0.02). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our study showes that microvascular abnormalities at NVC correlate with CMD in SSc. The evaluation of NVC in SSc might represent a tool for the prediction of coronary microvascular dysfunction, by considering the systemic microvascular derangement at the capillary nailfold. <h3>References</h3> Pepine CJ et al. JACC 2010. Sulli A et all. Ann Rheum Dis 2008. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model
Authors: G L Engel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

How physicians approach patients and the problems they present is much influenced by the conceptual models around which their knowledge is organized. In this paper the implications of the biopsychosocial model for the study and care of a patient with an acute myocardial infarction are presented and contrasted with approaches used by adherents of the more traditional biomedical model. A medical rather than psychiatric patient was selected to emphasize the unity of medicine and to help define the place of psychiatrists in the education of physicians of the future.
Case one. Bleomycin cutaneous toxicity.
Authors: N Mullai, N Khokha, G Shiomoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1625 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9552074 Case one. Bleomycin cutaneous toxicity. N MullaixN MullaiSearch for articles by this author , N KhokhaxN KhokhaSearch for articles by this author , G ShiomotoxG ShiomotoSearch for articles by this author Show More Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.4.1625 First Page PDF © 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Parenteral nutrition: is it oncologically logical? A response.
Authors: K N Apelgren, D W Wilmore
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1984.2.5.539 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 6427419 Parenteral nutrition: is it oncologically logical? A response. K N ApelgrenxK N ApelgrenSearch for articles by this author , D W WilmorexD W WilmoreSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1984.2.5.539 First Page PDF © 1984 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Pharmacological prevention of migraine
Authors: A M Rapoport
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Although abortive treatment and nonpharmacologic interventions are effective for many if not most patients' occasional migraine attacks, patients who have frequent and/or severe attacks may benefit from preventive pharmacotherapy. This is particularly critical for those patients whose migraines are not treated effectively by acute-care medications because lack of pain control may lead to overuse syndromes that complicate further treatment. Inappropriate use of acute-care medication may contribute to chronic daily headache, tolerance to symptomatic medication, and headache refractory to all treatment. In addition, patients who increase use of acute-care medication due to lack of effect may suffer ergotism, GI problems, liver toxicity, analgesic nephropathy, drug induced-headache, and withdrawal symptoms when overused agents are withdrawn. Finally, overuse of acute-care medication may interfere with the effectiveness of preventive medication. The remainder of this article will focus on when to treat with preventive medication and which medications are currently available for prevention of migraine.
Surveillance of invasive meningococcal disease in the Czech Republic
Authors: P Kriz
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Routine notification of invasive meningococcal disease has a long tradition in the Czech Republic: mortality data are available from 1921 and morbidity data from 1943. The collection of Neisseria meningitidis strains kept in the NRL for Meningococcal Infections in Prague dates from 1970 onwards, and represents more than 3500 strains isolated from invasive disease and their contacts, from healthy carriers and from respiratory infection. Analysis of these strains showed that the Czech meningococcal population is different from that seen in western Europe. In 1993, the incidence serogroup C meningococcal disease increased and was associated with the emergence of the hypervirulent complex Neisseria meningitidis C, ST-11, ET-15/37, and caused an increase in the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease which peaked in 1995 (2.2/100,000). A vaccination strategy targeting the part of the population at highest risk of invasive meningococcal disease was adopted in the country.
The clinical trial for photodynamic diagnosis mediated 5-ALA for peritoneal metastasis due to advanced gastric cancer.
Authors: Tsuyoshi Takahashi, Yasuhiro Miyazaki, Tomoki Makino, Yukinori Kurokawa, Makoto Yamasaki, Shuji Takiguchi, Kiyokazu Nakajima, Masaki Mori, Yuichiro Doki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

71 Background: In advanced gastric cancer, the diagnosis of peritoneal metastasis is mandatory prior to the decision of therapy, therefore staging laparoscopy (SL) has gained wider clinical acceptance. However, a false-negative rate of 10% using SL has also been reported, which demonstrates the limitation of optical observation for the dissemination of the cancer nest. Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) has been proposed for peritoneal metastasis in SL and showed higher sensitivity than that of conventional examination. To evaluate effectiveness and safety of ALA-PDD for the diagnosis of the peritoneal disseminations. Methods: Thirteen advanced gastric cancer that had the signs of peritoneal metastasis pointed out by CT scan prior to the treatment were included. Patients were administered 5-ALA (1g/body) orally 4hours prior to the SL. Several lesions regulated to observe bilateral sub- phrenic peritoneum, bilateral flanks and Douglas’s pouch (conventional examination, PDD each). If the nodules suspected for the metastatic lesion were found, they were diagnosed by laparoscopic biopsy. We evaluate the potential of additional detection rate compared to the conventional examination and safety. Results: The patients characters were as below, gender (male: female) = 8:5, Age (median; range) = 69 years old (39-76). The TNM factor were that cT3:4a = 2:11, cN0:1:2:3 = 2:0:7:4, cM0:1 = 10:3(Japanese classification of gastric carcinoma: 3rd English edition).The additional detection rate was 8.3 %( 1/13) and the incidence of adverse effect was 8.3 %( nausea, Grade 1). Conclusions: The ALA-PDD was effective and safe examination for the peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer. And furthermore, we are now going to conduct the new investigator initiated trial.
Childhood adversities and psychosis: evidence, challenges, implications
Authors: Craig Morgan, Charlotte Gayer‐Anderson
Journal: World Psychiatry (2016)

There is a substantial body of research reporting evidence of associations between various forms of childhood adversity and psychosis, across the spectrum from experiences to disorder. This has been extended, more recently, to include studies of cumulative effects, of interactions with other factors, of specific effects, and of putative biological and psychological mechanisms. In this paper we evaluate this research and highlight the remaining methodological issues and gaps that temper, but do not dismiss, conclusions about the causal role of childhood adversity. We also consider the emerging work on cumulative, synergistic, and specific effects and on mechanisms; and discuss the broader implications of this line of research for our understanding of psychosis. We conclude that the current balance of evidence is that childhood adversities - particularly exposure to multiple adversities involving hostility and threat - do, in some people, contribute to the onset of psychotic experiences and psychotic disorders.