tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Educating African American men on prostate health and informed decision making: Initial report from a peer-education program in Louisiana.
Authors: M. M. Robinson, A. O. Sartor, L. Jack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

211 Background: Informed decision making for prostate cancer health is widely endorsed but systematic programs to address this need are sparse. Herein we report initial progress in a statewide effort targeting African American men. Methods: The Louisiana Cancer and Lung Trust Fund Board (LCLTFB) Prostate Cancer Program is funded via a “check box” on the state income tax form, in which a portion of refunds could be allocated for prostate cancer efforts. The LCLTFB partnered with the statewide comprehensive cancer control program to develop a pilot lay program to educate men on prostate informed decision. The program was developed and modeled after “My Brother's Keeper,” a CDC funded program and implemented in five regions of the state. African American men active in the cancer community and regional cancer coalitions were identified as possible trainers for the program. Staff members from “My Brother's Keeper” trained the Cancer Control regional staff, as well as the community trainers in a two day session. Upon completion, the community trainers were charged to go into their community and convene three education sessions. Educational sessions were conducted in local churches, head start centers, men social club meeting, Greek organizational meetings, and labor union meetings. Men attending the session received a short pre- and post-test assessing whether or not they had discussed prostate informed decision making with a health care provider, if they had made an appointment with a health care provider, or was any follow up from the educational session initiated. Results: A total of 250 African American men in Louisiana were educated by the program. Upon followup phone calls, 172 men self-reported that they had initiated some form of follow up as a consequence of the participation. 35 men were unable to be contacted for follow up (number no longer in service or no phone number listed) 43 men (messages left but no returned call). Conclusions: Peer education can engage African American men regarding informed decision making on prostate cancer health issues. More data are needed to verify and determine the type of followup that was initiated after the educational sessions. [Table: see text]
Barriers in providing breast and colorectal cancer survivorship care: Perceptions of U.S. primary care physicians (PCPs) and medical oncologists (MOs).
Authors: K. S. Virgo, C. C. Lerro, C. N. Klabunde, C. Earle, P. A. Ganz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

CRA9006 Background: Increased coordination among clinicians in cancer survivorship care is needed yet the literature suggests barriers remain due to a fragmented healthcare system. This is the first nationwide study of barriers PCPs and MOs perceive regarding breast and colorectal cancer survivorship care. Methods: The Survey of Physician Attitudes Regarding the Care of Cancer Survivors (SPARCCS) was mailed to a nationally representative stratified sample (N=5,275) of eligible American Medical Association member PCPs and MOs (N=3,596) providing care to cancer survivors, to permit comparisons of views regarding follow-up testing, roles, knowledge self-confidence, and perceived barriers. We analyzed physician-based barriers using weighted multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for physician demographics, reimbursement, training, and practice characteristics. Results: 2,202 physicians (1,072 PCPs and 1,130 MOs) responded (57.6% response rate; 65.1% cooperation rate). In weighted univariate analyses, PCPs were significantly more likely to report often/always ordering tests or treatments as malpractice protection, being concerned about missed care, and lacking adequate training to manage patient problems. MOs were more likely to report (often/always and sometimes) concerns about duplicated care and about which physician provides general preventive health care. In multivariate regression models, physician specialty remained significant for 3 of 5 physician-based barriers. MOs were less likely to report inadequate training (OR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.22-0.49), less likely to often/always order extra tests due to malpractice concerns (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.84), and more likely to report being often/always (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.13-3.43) and sometimes (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.60-2.93) uncertain who is providing general preventive care, compared to PCPs. Conclusions: MOs perceived different physician-based barriers as problematic in cancer follow-up care compared to PCPs. Alleviation of inadequate training, malpractice-driven test ordering, and preventive care delivery barriers may require education and provision of survivorship care plans.
New Data on the Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant FXIII in Patients with Congenital FXIII A-Subunit Deficiency
Authors: Katsuyuki Fukutake, Manual Carcao, Aida Inbal, Bryce A. Kerlin, Johannes Oldenburg, Anders Rosholm, May-Lill Garly, Diane J. Nugent
Journal: Blood (2014)
Xenotransplantation of surgical specimens of human breast cancer directly into genetically engineered prolactin-humanized immunodeficient mice.
Authors: N. Yang, F. E. Utama, A. F. Yanac, C. Liu, A. L. Rosenberg, H. Rui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

76 Background: Prolactin is an important hormone in mammary gland biology and is indispensible for lobulo-alveolar development during pregnancy and homeostasis during lactation. Prolactin has also been implicated in promoting proliferation, survival, and/ or differentiation of breast cancer. Importantly, murine and bovine prolactin, which are the major lactogens in current laboratory experimental conditions in vivo and in vitro, fail to effectively activate human prolactin receptors because of species incompatibility. Therefore, current established human breast cancer cell lines have been selected in the absence of human prolactin and do not represent the potential subgroup of cancers that depends on prolactin for survival or growth. Methods: In an effort to improve in vivo preclinical modeling of human breast cancer and to establish new human breast cancer lines that are prolactin-dependent or prolactin-sensitive, we used genetic-engineering to generate a human prolactin knock-in mouse line, which expresses physiological levels of human prolactin in place of mouse prolactin. We have crossed the prolactin-humanized mouse line into the immunodeficient NSG strain for effective xenotransplantation studies. Fresh surgical specimens from breast cancer patients were directly transplanted orthotopically into female mice within 2 hours of surgery. We then followed the growth of the xenograft tumors over time and retransplanted the tumors if they engrafted. Results: Our initial data suggested about a take rate of ~35% for the xenografted tumors. Estrogen receptor-positive luminal tumors usually have a very low engraftment rate in immunodeficient mice. However, we observed a relatively high rate of engraftment for luminal tumors. Conclusions: This new prolactin-humanized mouse model is highly relevant for in vivo exploration of tumor biology and drug response testing of breast cancer, especially for luminal subtypes.
The role of climate in human aggression and violence: Towards a broader conception
Authors: Sander L. van der Linden
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2017)

Abstract The psychological processes that predict aggressive behaviour are also typically associated with violent self-harm (e.g., poor self-control). Yet, although human violence (towards others) appears to increase with proximity to the equator, suicide rates tend to decrease. In the light of this empirical puzzle, I argue that Van Lange et al.'s CLASH model would benefit from a broader conceptualization of human aggression.
Assessment of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (6th and 7th editions) for clinically localized prostate cancer and comparison to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network risk stratification method.
Authors: Mark K Buyyounouski, Nicholas G. Zaorsky, Tianyu Li, Karthik Devarajan, Eric M. Horwitz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

23 Background: The purpose was to compare the prognostic value of the AJCC staging version 6 (v6), version 7 (v7), and the risk-stratification model of the NCCN. Methods: 2,469 men (1989-2006) with clinical T1-4, N0/X-N1, M0 prostate cancer received definitive RT +/- ADT (median follow-up: 70 months). The NCCN grouping was: low-risk included T1-T2a, GS &lt; 7, and PSA &lt; 10 ng/mL; intermediate-risk included T2b-2c, GS = 7, and PSA 10 – 20 ng/mL; high-risk included T3, GS 8, and PSA &gt; 20 ng/mL. The Benjamini and Hochberg adjustment was used to compute the false discovery rates in order to adjust for multiple comparisons. Results: There was a migration of stage II patients to stage I with version 7 (Stage I increased from 1% to 38%, while Stage II decreased from 91% to 55%). Pair-wise comparisons of Kaplan-Meier estimates of BF, DM, PCSS, and OS between stages were not statistically significant for AJCC v6 with one exception (PCSS: II vs III). On the other hand, 16/24 (67%) of comparisons were significant with AJCC v7. For NCCN, 9/12 (75%) of comparisons were significant, including all comparisons for OS. Concordance probability estimate (CPE) and standard error (SE) analysis showed uniform and significant improvement in the predictive power of AJCC v7 versus AJCC v6 for all outcomes. CPE±SE values for AJCC v6 versus AJCC v7 was .51±.009 vs .59±.02 for BF, .54±.02 vs. .70±.05 for DM, .57±.009 vs. .76±.007 for PCSS, and .52±.006 vs. .57±.01 for OS. There was further, albeit modest improvement with the NCCN method. CPE±SE values for AJCC v7 versus NCCN was .59±.02 vs. .59±.02 for BF, 0.70±.05 vs. 0.72±.05 for DM, .76±.007 vs. .80±.01 for PCSS, and .57±.01 vs. .57±.01 for OS. Conclusions: AJCC v7 is a major improvement over AJCC v6 because it better distributes patients among the stages and is more prognostic. Further improvements are needed as the majority of men (55%) are Stage II and the sub-stratification into IIA and IIB was not prognostic. The NCCN model is superior to the AJCC v7 and remains the preferred method for risk-based clinical management of prostate cancer with RT +/- ADT.
Vascular Biology of Glucagon Receptor Superfamily Peptides: Mechanistic and Clinical Relevance
Authors: Gemma Pujadas, Daniel J. Drucker
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2016)

Regulatory peptides produced in islet and gut endocrine cells, including glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), GLP-2, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, exert actions with considerable metabolic importance and translational relevance. Although the clinical development of GLP-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors has fostered research into how these hormones act on the normal and diseased heart, less is known about the actions of these peptides on blood vessels. Here we review the effects of these peptide hormones on normal blood vessels and highlight their vascular actions in the setting of experimental and clinical vascular injury. The cellular localization and signal transduction properties of the receptors for glucagon, GLP-1, GLP-2, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide are discussed, with emphasis on endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells. The actions of these peptides on the control of blood flow, blood pressure, angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and vascular inflammation are reviewed with a focus on elucidating direct and indirect mechanisms of action. How these peptides traverse the blood-brain barrier is highlighted, with relevance to the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists to treat obesity and neurodegenerative disorders. Wherever possible, we compare actions identified in cell lines and primary cell culture with data from preclinical studies and, when available, results of human investigation, including studies in subjects with diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Throughout the review, we discuss pitfalls, limitations, and challenges of the existing literature and highlight areas of controversy and uncertainty. The increasing use of peptide-based therapies for the treatment of diabetes and obesity underscores the importance of understanding the vascular biology of peptide hormone action.
Survival outcomes in metastatic renal carcinoma based on histological subtypes: SEER database analysis.
Authors: N. Didwaniya, R. J. Edmonds, X. Fang, P. T. Silberstein, S. Subbiah
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

381 Background: Renal cell cancer (RCC) represents a heterogeneous group of tumors with distinct histopathologic, genetic, and clinical features. This study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic value of histology in RCCs. Methods: 3,062 patients with metastatic RCC from year 1998-2007 were identified from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. Data regarding their age, sex, race, treatment modality utilized and cancer specific survival was extracted and analyzed. Results: Clear cell, sarcomatoid, adenocarcinoma NOS, papillary, collecting duct, chromophobe and cyst associated renal carcinoma accounted for 2,166 (70%), 433 (14%), 216 (7%), 160 (52%), 47 (1.5%), 35 (1.14%), and 5 (0.01%) respectively. The mean age of presentation was 63.5 in clear cell RCC and 62.7 years in non-clear cell RCC. Surgery was performed in 57.23% of all clear cell cancers and 50.84% in non-clear cell-RCC group. 27.34% of all clear cell cancer patients received radiation in contrast to 34.53% in the other group. Both clear cell RCC (64.54%) and non-clear cell RCC (69.52%) occurred commonly in males. Incidence of clear cell RCC was 4.67% in Asians, 7.01% in Blacks, 88.32% in Whites. The incidence of non-clear cell RCC was 3.81% in Asians, 14.78% in Blacks, and 81.41% in Whites. Cancer-specific survival was calculated in all histologic subtypes. Median survival for clear cell RCC was 8 months, 3 months for adenocarcinoma NOS, 7 months for cyst associated renal carcinoma, 8 months for papillary carcinoma, 7 months for chromophobe type, 4 months for sarcomatoid and 4 months for collecting duct RCC. Median overall survival was significantly better for clear cell cancer as compared to non-clear cell RCCs (8 months vs. 4 months; p&lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Non-clear histology RCCs represent 30% of metastatic RCC and are associated with poor prognosis when compared to clear cell RCC.While development of novel targeted therapies has improved survival in clear cell RCC, it has not made a impact in survival of non-clear RCCs. An indepth understanding of the genetic and molecular changes associated with non-clear cell RCCs is important to improve their prognosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Selective ex vivo photothermal nano-therapy of solid liver tumors mediated by albumin conjugated gold nanoparticles
Authors: Lucian Mocan, Cristian Matea, Flaviu A. Tabaran, Ofelia Mosteanu, Teodora Pop, Cosmin Puia, Lucia Agoston-Coldea, Gabriela Zaharie, Teodora Mocan, Anca Dana Buzoianu, Cornel Iancu
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
GVHD prevents NK-cell–dependent leukemia and virus-specific innate immunity
Authors: Mark D. Bunting, Antiopi Varelias, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Iona S. Schuster, Katie E. Lineburg, Rachel D. Kuns, Peter Fleming, Kelly R. Locke, Nicholas D. Huntington, Bruce R. Blazar, Steven W. Lane, Siok-Keen Tey, Kelli P. A. MacDonald, Mark J. Smyth, Mariapia A. Degli-Esposti, Geoffrey R. Hill
Journal: Blood (2016)
ACE-536, a Novel GDF-Trap, Increases Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, and Red Blood Cell Levels in Rats and Monkeys.
Authors: Kenneth Loveday, Doriana Froim, Anna Pisania, Alissa Fernald, Mathew Spaits, R. Scott Pearsall, Ravi Kumar, Kathryn W. Underwood
Journal: Blood (2009)
Absolute Quantitative Detection of Abl Tyrosine Kinase Domain Mutations Using a Novel Microfluidic Platform and Allele-Specific PCR.
Authors: Vivian Oehler, Suchitra Ananthnarayan, Frank McCormick, Antoine Daridon, Geoff Facer, Suman Dasgupta, Ramesh Ramakrishnan, Lian-She Zhao, Marc Unger, Jerald Radich
Journal: Blood (2005)
Safety and Efficacy of Ruxolitinib for the Final Enrollment of JUMP: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Single-Arm, Expanded-Access Study in Patients with Myelofibrosis (N = 2233)
Authors: Lynda Foltz, Giuseppe A. Palumbo, Bruno Martino, Francesca Palandri, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, Anna Marina Liberati, Philipp D. Le Coutre, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Carmen Garcia-Hernandez, Renato Tavares, Martin Griesshammer, Vikas Gupta, Pia Raanani, Pilar Giraldo, Catherine Bouard, Julian Perez Ronco, Sadhvi Khanna, Andrey Zaritskey
Journal: Blood (2016)
Adjuvant radiation therapy for early-stage seminoma: Proton-photon comparison and second cancer risk.
Authors: J. A. Efstathiou, J. J. Paly, H. Lu, B. S. Athar, A. Niemierko, J. E. Bekelman, J. Coen, W. U. Shipley, A. L. Zietman, H. Paganetti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

228 Background: Seminoma constitutes the majority of testicular cancers and 75% percent of patients present with localized disease. Given that seminoma remains the most curable solid tumor, concerns of toxicity including late sequelae such as excess malignancies have given pause to the use of conventional adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) following orchiectomy for early-stage seminoma. As a result of the unique physical dose deposition characteristics of protons to avoid normal tissue, we evaluated both photon and proton beam therapy (PBT) treatment plans for para-aortic irradiation to assess dose distributions to organs at-risk and model rates of second cancers. Methods: Ten patients with stage I seminoma treated with conventional adjuvant para-aortic AP-PA photon RT to 25.5 Gy between 2004-2009 at Massachusetts General Hospital had PBT plans generated (AP-PA and PA alone). The dose differences to critical organs, as modeled by Equivalent Uniform Dose (EUD), were examined. The risks of second primary malignancies were calculated using validated methods and compared both to each other and to baseline population risks. Results: PBT plans were superior to photons in limiting dose to organs at-risk. The volume of whole body normal tissue spared 0.1 Gy was 9.0L and 7.8L for PA and AP-PA protons, respectively, compared to photons. The volume spared 1Gy was 5.0L and 3.8L for PA and AP-PA protons, respectively; while the volume spared 10Gy was 1.3L and 0.85L, respectively. PBT decreased the EUD by 46% (8.2 Gy) and 64% (10.2 Gy) to the stomach and large bowel, respectively (p&lt;0.01), presumably translating into lower levels of nausea and fatigue. Notably, PBT was found to avert 612 excess second cancers among a population of 10,000 men diagnosed at age 35 and surviving to age 75 (p&lt;0.01). Conclusions: In this comparative dosimetric and modeling study, the use of protons provided a favorable dose distribution with an ability to limit unnecessary exposure to critical normal structures in the treatment of stage I seminoma patients. It is expected that this will translate into decreased acute toxicity and reduced risk of second cancers, for which prospective studies are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Photopheresis As Part of Conditioning Reduces Incidence of Severe Graft Versus Host Disease: Fourteen Year Follow-up of a Novel Reduced Intensity Regimen for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Esha Kaul, Gunjan L Shah, Aaron S. Rosenberg, Raymond L. Comenzo, Hedy Smith, Andrew M. Evens, Furha I. Cossor, Grace S. Kao, Kenneth B. Miller, Andreas K. Klein, Kellie A. Sprague
Journal: Blood (2014)
Does induction chemoradiotherapy compromise subsequent radical cystectomy? A single-institutional comparative study on perioperative complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.
Authors: A. Iwai, F. Koga, S. Kawakami, Y. Fujii, H. Masuda, K. Saito, K. Kihara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

284 Background: Recently, bladder-sparing protocols incorporating TUR + chemoradiotherapy (CRT) have been developed. Patients who achieve CR after CRT are subjects for bladder preservation treatment and those who with non-CR undergo radical cystectomy (RC). However, early studies suggest that RC following pelvic irradiation associates with a higher mortality. To validate the impact of induction CRT on perioperative morbidity of RC, we compared complications of RC in patients treated with or without induction CRT at a single university hospital. Methods: Records of consecutive 193 patients who underwent RC for bladder cancer between April 1989 and May 2010 were reviewed. Induction CRT consists of radiation at 40 Gy to the small pelvis and 2 cycles of concurrent cisplatin at 20 mg/d for 5 days. Any complications occurred within 30 days after RC were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification system. Complications of grade I or II were classified as minor and complications of grade III or greater were classified as major. Results: Eighty-seven patients underwent induction CRT (CRT group) while 106 did not (control group). Patients of CRT group had significantly more advanced disease. No patient died within 90 days. Twenty one (11%) patients experienced at least one major complications; there was no significant difference in the incidence of major complications between CRT and control group (14% vs. 8%, p = 0.26). The details were as follows; infectious (3.5% vs. 3.8%, p = 1.0), gastrointestinal (4.6% vs. 0.9%, p = 0.18), surgical (6.9% vs. 3.8%, p = 0.35), cardiovascular (1.2% vs. 0.9%, p = 1.0). There was no significant difference between the incidence of minor complications (61% vs. 51%, p = 0.19). Conclusions: Induction CRT at 40 Gy is unlikely to compromise subsequent RC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of serum testosterone on treatment outcomes in patients with intermediate- to high-grade prostate cancer.
Authors: Matthew W. Jackson, Emma Ramahi, Gregory P. Swanson, Joseph W. Basler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

180 Background: Low serum testosterone (TS) has been suggested to be a potential marker for more aggressive prostate cancer. However, there are conflicting data regarding whether or not patients with low TS have a higher rate of biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy (RP). We evaluated the relationship between postoperative TS and treatment outcomes in patients with Gleason 7–10 adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Methods: Our retrospective study cohort included 462 men diagnosed with Gleason 7–10 prostate cancer who underwent RP between 1998 and 2008 at a single institution. Patients were stratified into five groups on the basis of their postoperative TS percentile within the study cohort (&lt;10 th percentile, 10–25, 25–75, 75–90, or &gt;90 th percentile). Primary endpoints for comparison were biochemical failure free survival (BFFS) and overall survival (OS). PSA &gt;0.2 ng/dl was used to define biochemical failure. Results: In the study cohort, mean TS was 345.2 ng/dl ± 125.2 and range 107–872 ng/dl. 44 of the 462 men had TS ≤203 ng/dl. This group had a 5-year BFFS of 43% which was significantly worse than all other TS strata (p=0.0017). Range of 5-year BFFS in all other percentile groups was 61.4 – 68.6%. There was no significant difference noted between patients with TS ≥508 ng/dl (&gt;90 th percentile) and all other TS strata (p=0.694). Furthermore, no difference in OS was noted among any of the groups (p=0.842). Groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, BMI, presence of diabetes, or known cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: Patients with exceedingly low TS are at significantly increased risk for biochemical failure following RP. Further prospective study is warranted to elucidate interventions that might improve biochemical outcomes in these patients. [Table: see text]
Lower Echogenicity of the Residual Venous Thrombosis at Ultrasound Examination Is Associated to Recurrent Thrombosis Events
Authors: Bruna M Mazetto, Fernanda Loureiro de Andrade Orsi, Sandra A.F Silveira, Kiara Cristina Senger Zapponi, Marina P Colella, Erich Vinicius de Paula, Joyce Annichino-Bizzachi
Journal: Blood (2014)