tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Continuous Therapy with Lenalidomide Correlates with Improved Progression Free Survival in Heavily Pre-Treated Patients with AL Amyloidosis.
Authors: Shameem Mahmood, Christopher P. Venner, Thirusha Lane, Lisa Rannigan, Darren Foard, Jennifer Pinney, Sanjay Banypersad, Jason Dungu, Carol Whelan, Helen J Lachmann, Julian D Gillmore, Philip N Hawkins, Ashutosh Wechalekar
Journal: Blood (2012)
TCT-643 Platelet activation is less enhanced in the new balloon expandable Edwards Sapien 3 valve compared to its predecessor model (Edwards Sapien XT) and is associated to the extent of residual aortic regurgitation
Authors: Suzanne Fateh-Moghadam, Sabrina Voesch, Tobias Geisler, Meinrad Gawaz, Wolfgang Bocksch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Probiotics and the Prevention of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Infants and Children
Authors: Bradley C. Johnston, Joshua Z. Goldenberg, Patricia C. Parkin
Journal: JAMA (2016)

<h3>Clinical Question</h3> In children prescribed an antibiotic, is the co-administration of a probiotic associated with lower rates of antibiotic-associated diarrhea without an increase in clinically important adverse events? <h3>Bottom Line</h3> Moderate-quality evidence suggests that probiotics are associated with lower rates of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children (aged 1 month to 18 years) without an increase in adverse events.
Long noncoding RNA Tug1 regulates mitochondrial bioenergetics in diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Jianyin Long, Shawn S. Badal, Zengchun Ye, Yin Wang, Bernard A. Ayanga, Daniel L. Galvan, Nathanael H. Green, Benny H. Chang, Paul A. Overbeek, Farhad R. Danesh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2016)

The regulatory roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in transcriptional coactivators are still largely unknown. Here, we have shown that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator α (PGC-1α, encoded by Ppargc1a) is functionally regulated by the lncRNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (Tug1). Further, we have described a role for Tug1 in the regulation of mitochondrial function in podocytes. Using a murine model of diabetic nephropathy (DN), we performed an unbiased RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of kidney glomeruli and identified Tug1 as a differentially expressed lncRNA in the diabetic milieu. Podocyte-specific overexpression (OE) of Tug1 in diabetic mice improved the biochemical and histological features associated with DN. Unexpectedly, we found that Tug1 OE rescued the expression of PGC-1α and its transcriptional targets. Tug1 OE was also associated with improvements in mitochondrial bioenergetics in the podocytes of diabetic mice. Mechanistically, we found that the interaction between Tug1 and PGC-1α promotes the binding of PGC-1α to its own promoter. We identified a Tug1-binding element (TBE) upstream of the Ppargc1a gene and showed that Tug1 binds with the TBE to enhance Ppargc1a promoter activity. These findings indicate that a direct interaction between PGC-1α and Tug1 modulates mitochondrial bioenergetics in podocytes in the diabetic milieu.
Pre-Transplantation FDG-PET Is the Best Predictor for Outcome in Relapsed Lymphoma Patients Treated with Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Bart Schot, Wim Sluiter, Gustaaf van Imhoff, Jan Pruim, Miryam de Brouwer, Carolien Verhoogt, Wim Vaalburg, Edo Vellenga
Journal: Blood (2004)
A Phase II Study of Decitabine In Advanced Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Authors: Thorsten Braun, Nathalie Droin, Benoit de Renzis, Francois Dreyfus, Kamel Laribi, Krimo Bouabdallah, Aude Charbonnier, Catherine Cordonnier, Ingrid Lafon, Christian Récher, Norbert Vey, Jean-Noel M. Bastie, A. Besancon, Odile Beyne-Rauzy, Bertrand Joly, Eric Jourdan, Laurence Legros, Zora Marjanovic, Charlotte Petitdidier, Bruno Royer, Laurence Sanhes, Gerard Tertian, Ioana Vaida, Xavier Vallantin, Anne Vekhoff, Marina Milic, Raphael Itzykson, Claude Gardin, Lionel Ades, Pierre Fenaux, Eric Solary
Journal: Blood (2010)
Frequency of IL-6 -174, VEGF -460 and VEGF +405 single nucleotide polymorphisms in a population of renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: P. Nathan, T. Eisen, M. Gore, D. Chao, P. Kotwinski, E. Hawe, C. Hubbart, J. Payne, H. Montgomery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4688 Background: Both Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of renal cell carcinoma. The promotor single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) IL-6 -174 (G>C), VEGF -460 (C>T) and VEGF +405 (G>C) are known to have functional importance. We examined the frequency of these SNPs in genomic DNA from a population of renal cell carcinoma patients. Methods: 99 renal cell carcinoma patients gave informed consent for genomic analysis. Forced site PCR using appropriate primers genotyped samples. Products were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Genotype frequencies were compared against published control population frequencies in a sample of 2500 individuals for the IL6–174 allele and 230 individuals for the VEGF alleles Results: See table. No differences were seen overall between allele frequencies in the renal cell carcinoma and control populations. However, there was a significant difference in genotype distribution of the IL6 -174 CC genotype between the control samples (n=2500) and 23 patients under 50 years of age at diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (p-value 0.026). Conclusions: There is no evidence in this sample that there was an overall difference in the genotype distribution between the published control frequencies and 99 renal carcinoma samples for any of the SNPs studied. Somatic inheritance of SNPs in the VEGF -460 (C>T) or VEGF +405 (G>C) are unlikely therefore to significantly influence the likelihood of developing renal cell carcinoma. The statistically significantly increased frequency of the IL-6 -174 CC genotype in patients aged <50 years at diagnosis may imply an influence of IL-6 on the age of presentation of renal cell carcinoma. Further studies in larger populations are needed to validate this observation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Update on a Prospective Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Combination Therapy with Fludarabine, Mitoxantrone and Rituximab Followed by Yttrium-90 Ibritumomab Tiuxetan and Maintenance Rituximab as Front Line Therapy for Patients with Indolent Lymphomas
Authors: Reem Karmali, Mohamad Kassar, Antonio M. Jimenez, Parameswaran Venugopal, Jamile M. Shammo, Henry C. Fung, Robert Bayer, Teresa O'Brien, Stephanie Gregory
Journal: Blood (2010)
Safety and efficacy of scalp hypothermia to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia: A study of a scalp-cooling system used in breast cancer women in a Mexican public hospital.
Authors: Saul Campos Gomez, Lucia Rojas Cruz, Norma Claudis Morales, Karen Angelica Campos Gomez, Blanca Olivares Mendoza, Marciela Garcia Garces, Yunuen Mendez, Marlid Cruz Ramos, Jose Luis Barrera Franco, Paula Cabrera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e12021 Background: Hair loss is one of the side effects associated with chemotherapy treatments. It causes emotional disturbances and constantly reminds the patient of the disease. This study analyzed the effectiveness of scalp-cooling system for prevention of alopecia in breast cancer patients. Methods: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy and safety of a scalp-cooling system to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia. 68 breast cancer patients receiving neo or adjuvant were included in a nonrandomized pilot study. The Dignicap system consists of a refrigerator unit and a control unit integrated into a mobile cabinet and connected to a tight-fitting cooling cap. Women accepting the scalp-cooling system were compared for alopecia against those who refused group of 68 patients similarly treated. Hair loss in the 136 study patients was evaluated by nurses using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria at each cycle of chemotherapy and photo documentation. Concomitantly, tolerance and side-effects were also recorded in 68 accepting patients. Results: Nurses' ratings indicated that hair loss frequency was constantly lower, at each cycle of chemotherapy, in study patients with scalp-cooling system ( n = 68) than in those without (n = 68).Differences between the two groups were statistically significant at cycles 1 and 4 ( P < 0.05). Scalp cooling was generally very well tolerated; only three of 68 patients discontinued use of the cold cap due to discomfort and no scalp metastasis was observed among the 68 accepting patients followed up. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that scalp cooling was an effective and safe method of protection against hair loss caused by chemotherapy. Its routine use as part of neo or adjuvant chemotherapy, especially in cancers with low prevalences of scalp metastasis, should be seriously considered and should be clinically evaluated in a randomized trial and in studies using other chemotherapy regimens to determine optimal temperatures and durations of cooling for maximal efficacy.
Single-session double-stent placement in concomitant malignant biliary and duodenal obstruction with a cautery-tipped lumen apposing metal stent
Authors: Andrea Anderloni, Andrea Buda, Silvia Carrara, Milena Di Leo, Alessandro Fugazza, Roberta Maselli, Alessandro Repici
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

Endoscopic palliation of concomitant biliary and duodenal malignant obstruction can be challenging because of difficult access to the papilla, which may consequently result in possible failure of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD), either before or after duodenal stent placement, has emerged as an alternative approach in these cases.
Melphalan and Dexamethasone Is an Effective Therapy for Primary Systemic Amyloidosis.
Authors: Tow-Shung Tan, Angela Dispenzieri, Martha Q. Lacy, Suzanne R. Hayman, Francis K. Buadi, Steven R. Zeldenrust, John A. Lust, Stephen J. Russell, David Dingli, Philip R. Greipp, Robert A. Kyle, S. Vincent Rajkumar, Morie A. Gertz, Shaji Kumar
Journal: Blood (2007)
Pathologic features and outcomes of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC): A case control study.
Authors: C. Murphy, D. Mallam, S. Stein, S. Patil, J. Howard, N. T. Sklarin, M. Gemignani, C. Hudis, A. D. Seidman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1589 Background: PABC may be defined as breast cancer (BC) diagnosed during pregnancy or within one year of giving birth. Conflicting data exist regarding the impact of pregnancy on clinical features and prognosis of BC. Methods: We performed a single institution retrospective chart review of 99 patients (pts) diagnosed with PABC between 1992 and 2007, identified through our institutional database. Pts with non-invasive BC, prior BC or metastases at diagnosis were excluded. Non-PABC controls were matched 2:1 to PABC cases by year of diagnosis and age at diagnosis. Tumor features including T stage, N stage, grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status were recorded. Details of obstetric history, treatment and outcomes were also recorded. Results: The median age at diagnosis for cases was 35 (range 24-48) and for controls was 36 (range 25-48). Of the PABC pts, the diagnosis was made during pregnancy in 36, and after delivery in 63. 9 pts received chemotherapy during pregnancy, consisting of doxorubicin with or without cyclophosphamide. PABC cases were more likely than controls to be ER negative (59% vs. 31%, p < 0.0001) and PR negative (72% vs. 40%, p < 0.0001). Cases were also more likely to have advanced T stage (p = 0.0496) and N stage (p = 0.017) and higher grade tumors (p = 0.0137). Overall survival (OS) did not differ between cases and controls (p = 0.9584). The median follow-up for cases was 6.3 years and for controls was 4.7 years. After adjustment for ER, PR, HER2, T stage, N stage or grade, the presence of PABC vs non-PABC was not prognostic for survival. ER status, T stage and N stage were prognostic for OS after adjustment for PABC vs. non-PABC. On multivariate analysis, independent prognostic factors for OS were ER status (p = 0.0019) and N stage (p = 0.0001). The diagnosis of PABC was not an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.0999). Conclusions: PABC is associated with a higher incidence of ER and PR negative tumors, higher grade tumors and a more advanced disease stage at diagnosis than controls matched for age and year of diagnosis. While PABC is associated with less favorable tumor features, the diagnosis of PABC in itself is not an adverse prognostic factor for survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Safety and efficacy of minimally invasive surgery plus alteplase in intracerebral haemorrhage evacuation (MISTIE): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 2 trial
Authors: Daniel F Hanley, Richard E Thompson, John Muschelli, Michael Rosenblum, Nichol McBee, Karen Lane, Amanda J Bistran-Hall, Steven W Mayo, Penelope Keyl, Dheeraj Gandhi, Tim C Morgan, Natalie Ullman, W Andrew Mould, J Ricardo Carhuapoma, Carlos Kase, Wendy Ziai, Carol B Thompson, Gayane Yenokyan, Emily Huang, William C Broaddus, R Scott Graham, E Francois Aldrich, Robert Dodd, Cristanne Wijman, Jean-Louis Caron, Judy Huang, Paul Camarata, A David Mendelow, Barbara Gregson, Scott Janis, Paul Vespa, Neil Martin, Issam Awad, Mario Zuccarello
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2016)
Association of busulfan exposure with survival and toxicity after haemopoietic cell transplantation in children and young adults: a multicentre, retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: Imke H Bartelink, Arief Lalmohamed, Elisabeth M L van Reij, Christopher C Dvorak, Rada M Savic, Juliette Zwaveling, Robbert G M Bredius, Antoine C G Egberts, Marc Bierings, Morris Kletzel, Peter J Shaw, Christa E Nath, George Hempel, Marc Ansari, Maja Krajinovic, Yves Théorêt, Michel Duval, Ron J Keizer, Henrique Bittencourt, Moustapha Hassan, Tayfun Güngör, Robert F Wynn, Paul Veys, Geoff D E Cuvelier, Sarah Marktel, Robert Chiesa, Morton J Cowan, Mary A Slatter, Melisa K Stricherz, Cathryn Jennissen, Janel R Long-Boyle, Jaap Jan Boelens
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2016)
Graft Versus HIV-1 Reservoir Effect after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Mi Kwon, Monique Nijhuis, Pascual Balsalobre, Jorge Gayoso, Javier Anguita, Ismael Buno, Carolina Martinez-Laperche, David Serrano, Juan Berenguer, Pilar Miralles, Annemarie Wensing, Jose Luis Diez-Martin
Journal: Blood (2014)
The Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and the Risk of Developing Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Atherosclerotic Disease.
Authors: Young Kwang Chae, Danai Khemasuwan, Lakshmi Chebrolu, Shikha Gupta, Stefan Neagu, Alejandra Carpio, Jongoh Kim, Alan L. Friedman
Journal: Blood (2009)
TCT-638 Rhythm Changes And Pacemaker Incidence Associated With a Repositionable Self Expanding TAVI System: A Prospective Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Ganesh Manoharan, Axel Linke, Helge Moellmann, Christian Frerker, A.J. van Boven, Stephen G. Worthley, Simon Redwood, Jan Kovac, Christian Butter, Lars Sondergaard, Gerhard Schymik, Thomas Walther
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Upfront Plerixafor Plus G-CSF Versus Cyclophosphamide Plus G-CSF for Autologous Stem Cell Mobilization in Multiple Myeloma Patients: An Update on Cost Analysis Study at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Authors: Salma Afifi, Nelly G. Adel, Elaine Duck, Sean M. Devlin, Heather Landau, Nikoletta Lendvai, Alexander M. Lesokhin, David J. Chung, Ola Landgren, Sergio A Giralt, Hani Hassoun
Journal: Blood (2014)
Decreased Incidence of Relapse in Patients with Acute Leukemia Transplanted from Matched Unrelated Donors: Induction of GvL.
Authors: Martha L. Arellano, Amelia Langston, Sagar Lonial, Christopher Flowers, Jean H. Khoury, Elliott Winton, Edmund K. Waller, Lechowicz J. Mary
Journal: Blood (2005)
Value of Gene Expression Profiling by Taqman® Low Density Arrays in the Diagnosis and Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Authors: Carmen Chillon, Carlos Santamaria, Ramon Garcia-Sanz, Montserrat Hernandez, Norma C. Gutiérrez, Dolores Caballero, Maria-Belén Vidriales, Cristina Pérez, Ana Balanzategui, Miguel Alcoceba, Maria E. Sarasquete, Noemi Puig, Fernando Ramos, Alfonso García de Coca, Joaquin Díaz-Mediavilla, J.F San Miguel, Marcos Gonzalez
Journal: Blood (2009)
GW27-e0622 Endovascular Repair for Aortic Pathology involving Distal Arch or Ascending Aorta with Physician-modified Fenestrated Endografts
Authors: Zhi Zheng, Chun Liu, Qiannan Guo, Fubin Liu, Yanbo Dong, Haihao Wang, Youmin Pan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Inhibition of the Methyltransferase G9a with Small Molecules As a New Therapeutic Strategy for Treatment of Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Edurne San José-Enériz, Xabier Agirre, Obdulia Rabal, Sergio Roa, Amaia Vilas-Zornoza, Estíbaliz Miranda, Ana Ugarte, Juan Antonio Sanchez-Arias, Bruno Paiva, Jesus F. San Miguel, Jose A. Martinez-Climent, Julen Oyarzabal, Felipe Prosper
Journal: Blood (2014)
Genetic Polymorphisms in the Long Noncoding RNA MIR2052HG Offer a Pharmacogenomic Basis for the Response of Breast Cancer Patients to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy
Authors: James N. Ingle, Fang Xie, Matthew J. Ellis, Paul E. Goss, Lois E. Shepherd, Judith-Anne W. Chapman, Bingshu E. Chen, Michiaki Kubo, Yoichi Furukawa, Yukihide Momozawa, Vered Stearns, Kathleen I. Pritchard, Poulami Barman, Erin E. Carlson, Matthew P. Goetz, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Krishna R. Kalari, Liewei Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Genetic risks in breast cancer remain only partly understood. Here, we report the results of a genome-wide association study of germline DNA from 4,658 women, including 252 women experiencing a breast cancer recurrence, who were entered on the MA.27 adjuvant trial comparing the aromatase inhibitors (AI) anastrozole and exemestane. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of top significance were identified in the gene encoding MIR2052HG, a long noncoding RNA of unknown function. Heterozygous or homozygous individuals for variant alleles exhibited a ∼40% or ∼63% decrease, respectively, in the hazard of breast cancer recurrence relative to homozygous wild-type individuals. Functional genomic studies in lymphoblastoid cell lines and ERα-positive breast cancer cell lines showed that expression from MIR2052HG and the ESR1 gene encoding estrogen receptor-α (ERα) was induced by estrogen and AI in a SNP-dependent manner. Variant SNP genotypes exhibited increased ERα binding to estrogen response elements, relative to wild-type genotypes, a pattern that was reversed by AI treatment. Further, variant SNPs were associated with lower expression of MIR2052HG and ERα. RNAi-mediated silencing of MIR2052HG in breast cancer cell lines decreased ERα expression, cell proliferation, and anchorage-independent colony formation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that MIR2052HG sustained ERα levels both by promoting AKT/FOXO3-mediated ESR1 transcription and by limiting ubiquitin-mediated, proteasome-dependent degradation of ERα. Taken together, our results define MIR2052HS as a functionally polymorphic gene that affects risks of breast cancer recurrence in women treated with AI. More broadly, our results offer a pharmacogenomic basis to understand differences in the response of breast cancer patients to AI therapy. Cancer Res; 76(23); 7012–23. ©2016 AACR.
Theranostic Bioabsorbable Bone Fixation Plate with Drug‐Layered Double Hydroxide Nanohybrids
Authors: Myung Hun Kim, Woojune Hur, Goeun Choi, Hye Sook Min, Tae Hyun Choi, Young Bin Choy, Jin‐Ho Choy
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

A bioabsorbable polymeric bone plate enabled with both diagnostic and therapeutic functionalities (radiopacity and sustained drug release, respectively) is proposed. To this end, a drug-inorganic nanohybrid (RS-LDH) is examined as a theranostic agent by intercalating an anti-resorptive bone remodeling drug, risedronate (RS) into a layered double hydroxide (LDH) via an ion-exchange reaction. The RS-LDH is prepared as a sheet with a biodegradable polymer, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), and is then attached onto the clinically approved bioabsorbable bone plate to produce the theranostic plate. Because of the presence of the metals in the LDH, the theranostic plate results in discernible in vivo X-ray images for up to four weeks after implantation. Concurrently, bone regeneration is also significantly improved compared with the other control groups, likely because of this material's sustained drug-release property. The theranostic plate is also largely biocompatible, similar to the plate already approved for clinical use. It is concluded that the combination of a biodegradable bone plate with RS-LDH nanohybrids can constitute a promising system with theranostic ability in both X-ray diagnosis and expedited bone repair.
Personalized Medicine Tackles Clinical Resistance: Alectinib in ALK-Positive Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Progressing on First-Generation ALK Inhibitor
Authors: Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Vassiliki A. Papadimitrakopoulou
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Over the last 2 years, our therapeutic armamentarium against genomically defined subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has extended to patients with acquired resistance to front-line targeted therapy. Alectinib (Alecensa; Roche/Genentech), a second-generation, orally active, potent, and highly selective inhibitor of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), is indicated for patients with metastatic, ALK rearrangement-positive NSCLC whose disease has worsened after treatment with crizotinib or who became intolerant to the drug. Alectinib received orphan drug designation, breakthrough therapy designation, priority review status, and accelerated approval by the FDA. Clin Cancer Res; 22(21); 5177-82. ©2016 AACR.
TCT-710 Learning Curve Experience in the MitraClip® REALISM Trial: An Analysis of 899 High Risk and Non-High Risk Subjects
Authors: Saibal Kar, Scott Lim, Peter S. Fail, Brian Whisenant, Ramon Quesada, Lori Crosson, Lei Peng, Jeffrey Ellis, Mike Hsu, Ted Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
AMN107, a Novel Aminopyrimidine Inhibitor of Bcr-Abl, Has Significant Activity in Imatinib-Resistant Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia-Chromosome Positive Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (Ph + ALL).
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, O. Ottman, Jorge Cortes, M. Wassman, L. Wunderle, K. Bhalla, D. Jones, A. Hochhaus, P. Rae, L. Alland, M. Dugan, M. Albitar, Francis Giles
Journal: Blood (2005)
Recurrent evolution of heat-responsiveness in Brassicaceae COPIA elements
Authors: Björn Pietzenuk, Catarine Markus, Hervé Gaubert, Navratan Bagwan, Aldo Merotto, Etienne Bucher, Ales Pecinka
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

The mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) is suppressed by host genome defense mechanisms. Recent studies showed that the cis-regulatory region of Arabidopsis thaliana COPIA78/ONSEN retrotransposons contains heat-responsive elements (HREs), which cause their activation during heat stress. However, it remains unknown whether this is a common and potentially conserved trait and how it has evolved. We show that ONSEN, COPIA37, TERESTRA, and ROMANIAT5 are the major families of heat-responsive TEs in A. lyrata and A. thaliana. Heat-responsiveness of COPIA families is correlated with the presence of putative high affinity heat shock factor binding HREs within their long terminal repeats in seven Brassicaceae species. The strong HRE of ONSEN is conserved over millions of years and has evolved by duplication of a proto-HRE sequence, which was already present early in the evolution of the Brassicaceae. However, HREs of most families are species-specific, and in Boechera stricta, the ONSEN HRE accumulated mutations and lost heat-responsiveness. Gain of HREs does not always provide an ultimate selective advantage for TEs, but may increase the probability of their long-term survival during the co-evolution of hosts and genomic parasites.