tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Final results of the phase III, randomized, double-blind AVOREN trial of first-line bevacizumab (BEV) + interferon-α2a (IFN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC)
Authors: B. J. Escudier, J. Bellmunt, S. Negrier, B. Melichar, S. Bracarda, A. Ravaud, S. Golding, S. Jethwa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5020 Background: In the AVOREN trial, BEV (Avastin) + IFN significantly improved PFS and ORR compared with placebo + IFN in pts with mRCC [Escudier, Lancet. 2007]. The study was unblinded after interim analysis due to significant superiority of BEV + IFN and the DSMB recommended crossover of pts from placebo to BEV (n = 13). We report here the results of the final analysis. Methods: Eligible pts had predominantly clear-cell mRCC, prior nephrectomy, no prior systemic therapy for metastatic disease, KPS ≥70%, no CNS metastases and adequate organ function. Pts were randomised to IFN (9MIU tiw) + BEV (10 mg/kg q2w) or placebo until disease progression. Primary endpoint was OS, with pre-planned stratified and unstratified analyses according to regional regulatory requirements. Results: 649 pts were randomised to BEV + IFN (n = 327) or placebo + IFN (n = 322). An independent radiological review confirmed previous investigator assessments, showing PFS of 10.4 vs 5.5 months (HR 0.57) and a response rate of 31% vs 12% in the two arms, verifying the robustness of the investigator analysis. At the time of final OS analysis (444 events), median follow-up was 22.9 months in the BEV arm and 20.6 months in the placebo arm. Final median OS stratified for region and Motzer score was 23.3 months in the BEV + IFN arm and 21.3 months in the IFN + placebo arm (HR 0.86 [95% CI: 0.72–1.04], p = 0.1291). No new or unexpected AEs were observed. More pts in the IFN + placebo arm than the BEV + IFN arm received post-protocol therapy, including TKIs, mTOR inhibitors, cytokines and chemotherapy: 180 (55%) in the BEV + IFN arm and 202 (63%) in the IFN + placebo arm. Exploratory analysis showed that median OS in pts receiving second-line TKI therapy (BEV + IFN, n = 96; IFN + placebo, n = 81) was 38.6 months vs 33.2 months (HR = 0.77 [95% CI: 0.51–1.15], p = 0.1948). Further subgroup analyses will be presented. Conclusions: BEV + IFN is a first-line standard of care for pts with mRCC, improving PFS and ORR, with a trend toward improved OS, compared with IFN. The observed OS results may have been influenced by subsequent anti-neoplastic therapy, which was not prespecified in the protocol and represents an uncontrolled element of the OS analysis. [Table: see text]
UK stands by nasal flu vaccine for children as US doctors are told to stop using it
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The £100m (€130m; $150m) a year childhood flu vaccination campaign in the United Kingdom will continue despite evidence from the United States that the inhaled vaccine is ineffective.

Public Health England (PHE) said that its data contradict those of the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, which recently advised the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to stop vaccinating children because, for the past three flu seasons, the vaccine seemed to have little effect.

All children in the UK aged 2 have been offered vaccination against flu since September 2013, and the programme was extended last year to include infant school children.1 It is gradually being rolled out to include all children aged 2 to 17.

PHE published provisional figures for the UK that showed that the …
Global burden of HIV, viral hepatitis, and tuberculosis in prisoners and detainees
Authors: Kate Dolan, Andrea L Wirtz, Babak Moazen, Martial Ndeffo-mbah, Alison Galvani, Stuart A Kinner, Ryan Courtney, Martin McKee, Joseph J Amon, Lisa Maher, Margaret Hellard, Chris Beyrer, Fredrick L Altice
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Requests for Abortion in Latin America Related to Concern about Zika Virus Exposure
Authors: Abigail R A Aiken, James G Scott, Rebecca Gomperts, James Trussell, Marc Worrell, Catherine E Aiken
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

With the rapid emergence of Zika virus throughout Latin America and its association with microcephaly, requests for access to abortion medications through online telemedicine have increased in countries where access to safe abortion is not universally available.
The role of marrow transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: J H Kersey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.11.1589 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2809676 The role of marrow transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J H KerseyxJ H KerseySearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.11.1589 PDF "The role of marrow transplantation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(11), pp. 1589–1590© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor, the c-met proto-oncogene, in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: T Ueki, J Fujimoto, T Suzuki, H Yamamoto, E Okamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The c-met proto-oncogene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a potent mitogen and motogen for epithelial cells. Because of its profound effects on cell growth and motility, HGF may be important in the development of cancer metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we examined HGF concentration and expression of the c-met proto-oncogene product (c-Met) in 62 patients with HCC to determine the relationship between the level of expression and clinicopathological features, and patient outcome following hepatectomy. Western blotting was used to examine the c-Met expression, and HGF concentration in tumors was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. c-Met was found to be overexpressed in HCC compared with nontumorous liver tissue (P < .01), and correlated with an increased incidence of intrahepatic metastases (P = .039). Patients were divided into two groups: low c-Met HCC and high c-Met HCC. Patients with high c-Met HCC had a significantly shorter 5-year survival than patients with low c-Met HCC (33.5% vs. 80.3%, respectively; P < .05). However, there was no correlation between HGF concentration in the tumor tissue and clinicopathological factors and patient survival. These results indicate that the expression of c-Met played an important role in tumor growth and metastases in patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC.
The role of infrapatellar fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Leigh D White, Thomas M Melhuish
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

The role of infrapatellar fat pad resection in total knee arthroplasty We read with interest the correspondence from Bai et al 1 and the response from Pan et al 2 regarding 'A longitudinal study of the association between infrapatellar fat pad maximal area and changes in knee symptoms and structure in older adults'.Both correspondents raise valid points, but we would like to highlight further evidence concerning the effect of the infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) preservation on outcomes post open total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Since the Van Beeck et al study 3 in 2013, there have been a number of studies reporting on the beneficial effects of IPFP preservation.In our recent review, new trends in the incidence of pain post TKA have emerged. 4We demonstrated that the greatest benefit in reduced postoperative pain is beyond 6 months post TKA; incorporating results for one small, high quality randomised controlled trial by Pinsornsak et al 5 and two larger low quality studies. 6 7At 5.1 years, the incidence of knee pain was almost halved in the preservation group. 6An additional moderate size study by Moverley et al 8 further demonstrated a significant reduction in knee pain at 1 year post TKA ( p=0.025), and a non-significant association with improved overall knee function post TKA.This was further supported by Partridge et al's 9 large quality improvement study where the Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust changed the surgeon practice for an entire region in Britain.This study standardised the prosthesis to the Zimmer Nexgen TKR and then prospectively compared the transition of practice from IPFP resection to IPFP preservation.This study showed a non-significant improvement in overall knee function at 6 months post TKA in the preservation group.Aside from pain, a recent study of 448 patients by Seo et al 10 suggested that there may be other benefits associated with IPFP preservation.They demonstrated a 10% reduction in wound complications (p<0.001)such as delayed wound healing and persistent wound drainage.Their proposed mechanism for this was via a reduction in potential space and preservation of blood supply.We do not disagree with previous correspondents; there is clearly a paucity of level 1 evidence in support of IPFP preservation as part of a TKA.On balance, however, current data suggest potential benefits and there is no clear evidence demonstrating harm or impaired patient outcomes with preservation.In conclusion, while it is clear that there is insufficient evidence for IPFP preservation to be considered the best practice, the evidence available supports IPFP preservation with no evidence of harm.It is our view that, following examples such as that of the Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, practice should transition to favour IPFP preservation where possible, pending further more definitive evidence.
Press: Public health doctors "hopeless" at using media
Authors: Annabel Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

health doctors have long criticised the media for getting their priorities wrong and giving space to relatively minor problems, such as the recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), while ignoring the major threats of smoking, alcoholism, and obesity.

Professor Sian Griffiths, president of the Faculty of  Health Medicine, illustrated the point at a seminar organised by health think-tank the King's Fund last week, by comparing the media response to two reports in which she had been involved.

The first was on the SARS outbreak in Hong Kong. Professor Griffiths had co-chaired the committee set up by the Hong Kong government to assess the effectiveness of the health authorities' response. It was published in October and had received front page coverage in all the Hong Kong newspapers. Altogether 299 people had died in the episode, 63% of whom were older people.

By contrast, a report on older people in the United Kingdom dying from cold—issued in March by the National Heart Forum, Help the Aged, the Faculty of  Health Medicine, and others—produced almost no media response at all. That report, Fuel Poverty and Health: A Toolkit for Primary Care Organisations, tackled the issue of why Britain had 40 000 excess deaths every winter, when many colder countries did not see a similar increase.

Three hundred deaths in Hong Kong resulted in huge coverage. Forty thousand excess deaths in the United Kingdom got no coverage at all, Professor Griffths told the seminar, which had been organised to discuss the recent King's Fund report Health in the News: Risk, Reporting and Media Influence (BMJ 2003;327: 688).

But public health doctors at the seminar were told that they themselves were partly to blame. Ron Finlay, chief executive of the advertising and public relations agency Fishburn Hedges, said: Public health professionals must learn how to present their stories to the media.

BBC radio correspondent Roger Harrabin, one of the authors of the King's Fund report, agreed.  health professionals are pretty hopeless at presentation, he said.

Professor Griffiths also concurred. She said that public health doctors had learnt that lesson in Hong Kong. Consequently a series of seminars had been organised between journalists and public health doctors to improve communication. She suggested that it might be a good idea to do something similar in the United Kingdom.
γ-Aminobutyric Acid Is Synthesized and Released by the Endothelium
Authors: Suvajit Sen, Sohini Roy, Gautam Bandyopadhyay, Bari Scott, Daliao Xiao, Sivakumar Ramadoss, Sushil K. Mahata, Gautam Chaudhuri
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter of the central nervous system, is found in the systemic circulation of humans at a concentration between 0.5 and 3 μmol/L. However, the potential source of circulating GABA and its significance on the vascular system remains unknown. We hypothesized that endothelial cells (ECs) may synthesize and release GABA to modulate some functions in the EC and after its release into the circulation.To assess whether GABA is synthesized and released by the EC and its potential functions.Utilizing the human umbilical vein ECs and aortic ECs, we demonstrated for the first time that ECs synthesize and release GABA from [1-(14)C]glutamate. Localization of GABA and the presence of the GABA-synthesizing enzyme, glutamic acid decarboxylase in EC were confirmed by immunostaining and immunoblot analysis, respectively. The presence of GABA was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry in the EC lining the human coronary vessel. EC-derived GABA regulated the key mechanisms of ATP synthesis, fatty acid, and pyruvate oxidation in EC. GABA protected EC by inhibiting the reactive oxygen species generation and prevented monocyte adhesion by attenuating vascular cell adhesion molecule -1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expressions. GABA had no relaxing effect on rat aortic rings. GABA exhibited a dose-dependent fall in blood pressure. However, the fall in BP was abolished after pretreatment with pentolinium.Our findings indicate novel potential functions of endothelium-derived GABA.
PTH-007 Fully-covered metal stents in the endoscopic treatment of malignant distal biliary obstruction – review of outcome in a large acute hospital: Abstract PTH-007 Table 1
Authors: DJ Fudge, RD Ellis, PM Goggin, AJ Fowell
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatograpy (ERCP) and stent insertion is a mainstay of treatment for malignant distal biliary obstruction. Choice of stent remains controversial with plastic, uncovered and more recently introduced fully-covered self-expanding metal stents (SEMS) in use. Our aim was to examine the outcome of ERCP stent insertion using different stent types, in a large acute hospital. <h3>Method</h3> We performed retrospective review of all cases of ERCP stent insertion in our unit for malignant distal biliary obstruction over a 5 year period to September 2013. Outcome data were collected for each case at 3, 6 and 12 months following stent insertion and statistical analysis performed using Fisher’s exact test. <h3>Results</h3> 301 stents were placed for confirmed malignant obstruction in 237 patients; median age 73 years (range 35–98). Cumulative stent occlusion rates were significantly higher with plastic stents versus fully-covered SEMS at 3 months (15% vs 4%, p = 0.006), 6 months (30% vs 8%, p = 0.001) and 12 months (37% vs 12%, p = 0.001). Ascending cholangitis was significantly more frequent following plastic stent insertion than fully-covered SEMS at 6 months (20% vs 9%, p = 0.027) and 12 months (23% vs 12%, p = 0.017). There were no significant differences in rates of stent migration or cholecystitis between the stent types (Table 1), or in survival at 12 months. Compared with covered SEMS, unplanned repeat ERCP was significantly more likely following insertion of a plastic stent (32% vs 6%, p &lt; 0.0001; NNH=3.9) or uncovered SEMS (20% vs 6%, p = 0.027; NNH 7.0). <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this case series plastic stents were associated with significantly greater rates of stent occlusion and ascending cholangitis than fully-covered SEMS. There were no significant differences in rates of stent migration or gallbladder complications. Overall need for repeat unplanned ERCP was markedly reduced by fully-covered SEMS placement. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
The Team Approach to Advanced Cancer Care—Redefining the Gold Standard
Authors: Sunny Wang, Barbara D. Drye, Patricia A. Cornett
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
A path for diagnosis, therapy, follow up and research of kidney cancer: a continuous quality improvement
Authors: M.G. Vitale, P. Fedelini, F. Paladino, L. Romano, S. Minelli, O. Nappi, A. Marano, R. Massa, F. Carotenuto, A. Borrelli, G. Cartenì
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Lenalidomide and Rituximab For The Treatment Of Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Results Of Planned Interim Analysis
Authors: Michael Y. Choi, Januario E. Castro, Sheila Hoff, Hongying Li, Laura Rassenti, Danelle F. James, Karen Messer, Thomas J. Kipps
Journal: Blood (2013)
To lap or not to lap.
Authors: T E Goffman, E Glatstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1990.8.5.941 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2332777 To lap or not to lap. T E GoffmanxT E GoffmanSearch for articles by this author , E GlatsteinxE GlatsteinSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1990.8.5.941 PDF "To lap or not to lap.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 8(5), pp. 941–942© 1990 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Efficacy and safety of lenalidomide oral monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mantle-cell lymphoma: Results from an international study (NHL-003)
Authors: C. B. Reeder, T. E. Witzig, P. L. Zinzani, J. M. Vose, R. Buckstein, C. Haioun, R. Bouabdallah, J. Polikoff, D. Pietronigro, M. S. Czuczman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8569 Introduction: Relapsed or refractory MCL patients demonstrated a promising overall response rate (ORR) of 53% with a median duration of response (DR) of 13.7 months to single-agent lenalidomide when analyzed as a subset in a recent a phase II study (NHL-002). A supporting international phase II trial (NHL-003) of single-agent lenalidomide was initiated for patients with relapsed or refractory aggressive NHL. In this report, we analyze the current results from the MCL patients enrolled in this trial. Methods: Patients with relapsed or refractory MCL and measurable disease 2 cm after at least 1 prior treatment regimen were eligible. Patients received 25 mg of lenalidomide orally once daily on days 1–21 of every 28-day cycle. Patients continued therapy until disease progression or toxicity. The 1999 IWLRC methodology was used to assess response and progression. Results: Fifty-four MCL patients were enrolled and were evaluable for response assessment. Median age was 69 years (33–82) and 40 patients (74%) were male. Median time from diagnosis was 3.2 years (0.4–10.4), patients had received a median of 3 prior treatments (1–8), 17 of the patients (32%) had received prior bortezomib therapy (MCL-bortezomib), and 14 (26%) had received a prior stem cell transplant (MCL-stem cell). Response rates are shown in the Table. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were neutropenia (43%), thrombocytopenia (22%) and anemia (11%). Conclusions: This is the second study to demonstrate that lenalidomide oral monotherapy is effective in the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory MCL, with manageable side effects. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Stem Cell Gene May Help Prevent Atherosclerosis
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cognitive behavioural therapy for adherence and depression in patients with HIV: a three-arm randomised controlled trial
Authors: Steven A Safren, C Andres Bedoya, Conall O'Cleirigh, Katie B Biello, Megan M Pinkston, Michael D Stein, Lara Traeger, Erna Kojic, Gregory K Robbins, Jonathan A Lerner, Debra S Herman, Matthew J Mimiaga, Kenneth H Mayer
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2016)