tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TV: Married life uncovered
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2003)

On the front of last week's TV Times were a handsome doctor and a pretty nurse complete with old fashioned uniform and starched cap. They were from a prime time series set in a nostalgic era when doctors and nurses fell in love, married, and lived happily ever after. They were, of course, fictional.​fictional.




Figure 1



The Wrights: indiscreet bickering




On Wednesday evening a real, contemporary doctor and nurse, married for seven years, appeared in the first of four “fly on the wall” documentaries, each of which will feature a different marriage under stress. In this first programme, the problem was that the husband is a urological surgeon.

“Mark and Kibi let the cameras into their lives for 12 months to film the warts and all, day to day reality of their relationship,” said the publicity. The truth was less labour intensive. The film crew turned up intermittently when stress levels were predictably high— when Mark passed the final fellowship examination, when the family went to the airport to go on holiday, or when Kibi put their house on the market without consulting Mark. This guaranteed those great television moments when people argue or fight back tears.

A camera was set up in their home so that Kibi, like a lone round the world yachts-woman, could confide just how tired she felt and how awful things were. Further footage came from Kibi's sister, cheerfully dissecting the couple's marriage, libidos, and chances of staying together.

The programme skirted the obvious question—why did they do this? In an accompanying interview, Kibi explained that she had answered a flier seeking volunteers by saying, “I'm really fed up and I don't care who knows it.” This was television as a weapon in the battle of the sexes, aimed at women viewers unimpressed by the European Cup Final on another channel.

Mark took part because he “wanted people to see that it's not a cushy life being a surgeon.” If anyone were naive enough to think that, then he is unlikely to have disillusioned them by discussing his marriage over a glass of wine, buying an expensive Georgian house, or being called away (as the voiceover put it) on a research trip to the United States.

I doubt if the programme altered the image of surgeons one way or the other. Mark's job, despite a glimpse of transurethral surgery, came across as glamorous. Viewers of programmes like Big Brother are used to seeing people discuss their sex lives on camera. Those who cannot stand voyeurism would switch off.

Volunteering for television is a high risk business. The director has her own agenda. At the end Mark and Kibi said they had weathered this rough patch but sadly it is their indiscreet bickering that will linger in the memory.
Genetics and Physiology of the Myotonic Muscle Disorders
Authors: Franklin H. Epstein, Louis J. Ptacek, Keith J. Johnson, Robert C. Griggs
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The myotonic muscle disorders represent a heterogeneous group of clinically similar diseases sharing the feature of myotonia: delayed relaxation of muscle after voluntary contraction (action myotonia) or mechanical stimulation (percussion myotonia). In classic myotonia the myotonia improves as muscles warm up, whereas in paradoxical myotonia (paramyotonia) it worsens with repeated muscle contractions. Electrophysiologically, myotonia is characterized by the repetitive electrical activity of muscle fibers. Two decades of work on the electrophysiology of myotonia focused attention on the muscle cell membrane as the site of the molecular defects of these diseases. Genetic-linkage studies have now pinpointed the lesions to chromosomal loci . . .
M-COPA, a Golgi Disruptor, Inhibits Cell Surface Expression of MET Protein and Exhibits Antitumor Activity against MET-Addicted Gastric Cancers
Authors: Yoshimi Ohashi, Mutsumi Okamura, Asaka Hirosawa, Naomi Tamaki, Akinobu Akatsuka, Kuo-Ming Wu, Hyeong-Wook Choi, Kentaro Yoshimatsu, Isamu Shiina, Takao Yamori, Shingo Dan
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract The Golgi apparatus is responsible for transporting, processing, and sorting numerous proteins in the cell, including cell surface-expressed receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK). The small-molecule compound M-COPA [2-methylcoprophilinamide (AMF-26)] disrupts the Golgi apparatus by inhibiting the activation of Arf1, resulting in suppression of tumor growth. Here, we report an evaluation of M-COPA activity against RTK-addicted cancers, focusing specifically on human gastric cancer (GC) cells with or without MET amplification. As expected, the MET-addicted cell line MKN45 exhibited a better response to M-COPA than cell lines without MET amplification. Upon M-COPA treatment, cell surface expression of MET was downregulated with a concurrent accumulation of its precursor form. M-COPA also reduced levels of the phosphorylated form of MET along with the downstream signaling molecules Akt and S6. Similar results were obtained in additional GC cell lines with amplification of MET or the FGF receptor FGFR2. MKN45 murine xenograft experiments demonstrated the antitumor activity of M-COPA in vivo. Taken together, our results offer an initial preclinical proof of concept for the use of M-COPA as a candidate treatment option for MET-addicted GC, with broader implications for targeting the Golgi apparatus as a novel cancer therapeutic approach. Cancer Res; 76(13); 3895–903. ©2016 AACR.
Gynecomastia during Digitalis Therapy
Authors: Edward B. LeWinn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IN an earlier report1 6 male patients with breast changes that were interpreted as representing true gynecomastia were described. These men were receiving digitalis in various forms for the management of congestive heart failure. The structural similarity of the digitalis aglycones to the cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene radical of the steroidal hormones (Fig. 1) raised the question whether digitalis was itself responsible for the breast changes or whether hepatic insufficiency incident to myocardial failure or nutritional factors might have been the underlying causes.In the present communication 8 additional cases are reported, making a total of 14 cases. In addition, the results of . . .
Sports injury and illness epidemiology during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games: United States Olympic Team Surveillance
Authors: Dustin Nabhan, Taylor Walden, Jenna Street, Heather Linden, Bill Moreau
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

To describe injury and illness incidence from the US Youth Olympic Team during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games (YOG).Electronic health records of Team USA athletes registered for the YOG were reviewed for patient encounters during the 2014 YOG. Medical encounters were defined as all medical services provided by a healthcare provider including evaluation, treatment and prophylactic services. All medical conditions were categorised by IOC Injury and Illness reporting criteria.Team USA was comprised of 48 male and 46 female athletes, aged of 14-18 years, representing 20 sports. There were 346 total medical encounters among 54 of the 94 registered athletes for a rate of 3.7 medical encounters per athlete. A total of 40 injuries were recorded (14 time loss injuries, 26 non-time loss) and 20 illnesses. This equates to 43% of athletes sustaining an injury, and 21% sustaining an illness, with a frequency of 426 injuries and 213 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes. The most commonly involved body regions for time loss injuries were the knee (21%) and ankle (12%). Time loss injuries most frequently occurred in competition (71%) and the most common type of injury was a ligament sprain (43%). The most common illnesses were respiratory (35%) and dermatological conditions (30%).The rates of injury, illness and medical encounters per athlete were greater than in previous reports of medical service provisions at youth Olympic-level sporting events.
Technique for greatly shortening the transition from methadone to naltrexone maintenance of patients addicted to opiates
Authors: N Loimer, K Lenz, R Schmid, O Presslich
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

Acute methadone detoxification was induced by the intravenous administration of naloxone during simultaneous intravenous sedation with midazolam, a fully reversible short-acting benzodiazepine, in seven patients addicted to opiates. Within hours the patients tolerated full doses of naltrexone. This technique enables patients to transfer easily, quickly, and safely from methadone to naltrexone maintenance.
Case 5-1992
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, W.E. Donat, E.J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Presentation of CaseA 20-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, respiratory failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation.The patient was well until 11 months earlier, when a peritonsillar abscess developed, accompanied by an ipsilateral Horner's syndrome, and he was admitted to another hospital. During his hospital stay an episode of amaurosis fugax occurred; ophthalmoscopic examination revealed a cholesterol embolus in the right retinal artery. On physical examination the carotid pulsations were normal, no bruits were heard, and the heart was normal. A cardiac ultrasonographic examination was reported to be negative. Cefazolin and clindamycin were given. . . .
Age subgroup analysis of efficacy and safety data from two phase 3 studies of second-line ramucirumab (RAM) versus placebo (PL) in patients (pts) with previously treated gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma (RAINBOW and REGARD)
Authors: S. Cascinu, G. Aprile, D. Pastorelli, C. Pinto, R. Bordonaro, G. Farina, D. Amoroso, D. Bilancia, L. Ciuffreda, D. Sartori, A. Falcone, N. Silvestris, G.D. Beretta, A. Buonadonna, A. Sobrero, E. Tamburini, V. Amoroso, Y. Hsu, K. Chandrawansa, H. Wilke, C. Fuchs, R. Passalacqua
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Case 10-2007
Authors: Robert L. Sheridan, George Velmahos, R. Malcolm Smith, Richard Sacknoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 55-year-old man was sculling when his boat collided with an eight-person shell; the prow of the larger boat entered his lower back and exited through his abdomen, throwing him into the water. He was taken to this hospital, where the trauma surgery team took over his care. Members of the team discuss the problems of traumatic abdominal and orthopedic injuries and the role of trauma systems.
The Chromosome Complement of Human Solid Tumors
Authors: Herbert A. Lubs, Raynette Clark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

INFORMATION about the chromosome complement of human tumors has been obtained from three sources: direct squashes of primary tumors; squashes of tumor cells in pleural or ascitic fluid; and squashes from cultured tumor cells. The relation of the abnormalities found with the latter two technics to the karyotype of the primary tumor is unclear, owing to possible selection of cell lines, and few karyotypes of primary-tumor squashes have been presented that can be evaluated in terms of the Denver Convention. It is the purpose of the present report, therefore, to report a modified technic for the study of human cancer . . .
Fact- B and Esas in Metastatic Breast Cancer (Mbc) Patients (Pts) Treated with Eribulin: Results of a Multicenter Prospective Observational Study
Authors: L. Mentuccia, P. Vici, I. Sperduti, L. Pizzuti, L. Moscetti, A. Vaccaro, S. Quadrini, E. Magnolfi, M.A. Fabbri, G. Zampa, M.A. Giampaolo, D. Sergi, F. Narducci, M. Maugeri Sacca, T. Gamucci
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
SAT0647-HPR A Survey of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients' Awareness of Prescription Drugs
Authors: N. Iwata, M. Sato, S. Sasahara, A. Takeuchi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is based on drug therapy. With effective drugs being authorized for use and generic drugs becoming available in the market, patients with RA now have an abundance of drugs as treatment options. <h3>Objectives</h3> To conduct a survey of patients with RA about the drugs prescribed to them and the categories to which the drugs belong, as well as their knowledge and understanding of the drug names. <h3>Methods</h3> We conducted an interview survey of 135 patients with RA who had outpatient visits between April and October 2014 and who were prescribed biological drugs. The patients were interviewed regarding the names of the biological drugs and other additional oral medications they were using. Distinction was made between antirheumatic drugs, steroids, and anti-inflammatory agents, and the relevant trade names. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 135 patients, 34 were men and 101 were women (74.8%). Their ages ranged from 25 to 88 years (mean, 58.8 years). The different biologics prescribed to the 135 patients with RA included infliximab (IFX; n=27 cases), etanercept (ETN; n=11 cases), adalimumab (ADA; n=14 cases), tocilizumab (TCZ; n=43 cases), abatacept (ABT; n=29 cases), golimumab (GLM; n=7 cases), and certolizumab-pegol (CZP; n=4). Oral medications were prescribed as follows: 104 cases (77.0%), antirheumatic drugs; 36 cases (26.7%), steroids; and 49 cases (36.3%), anti-inflammatory analgesics. Of those prescribed with antirheumatic drugs, steroids, and anti-inflammatory analgesics, 24 (23/1%), 11 (30.1%), and 15 (11.1%), respectively, expressed lack of knowledge of the name and type of drug prescribed. In addition, 15 (11.1%) of the 135 patients expressed lack of knowledge of the trade name of the biological drug prescribed to them. The mean age of the 15 patients was 67.3 years, which is higher than the overall mean. Of the 15 patients, 6 were prescribed TCZ; 4, ABT; 3, IFX; and 2, ADA and GLM, respectively. Of the 15 patients, only 1 received self-administered injections of ADA, while the remaining 14 patients had the drug administered at the hospital by health-care providers. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our investigation about patients9 understanding of drug names and their categories revealed that 20% to 30% of our patients lacked a clear understanding of oral drugs. Approximately 10% of the patients lack an understanding of even those drugs that require cautious use due to their potential for causing adverse events. When the drugs were administered intravenously by health-care providers, the patients had a particular lack of inclination to learn the drug name. Thus, the results of this study indicate that showing and explaining to the patients the types and names of the drugs that they will be taking are necessary. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
IRC011, a New Synthetic Chelator With Selective Interaction With Catabolic Red Blood Cell Iron: Evaluation in Hypertransfused Rats With Hepatocellular and Reticuloendothelial Radioiron Probes and in Iron-Loaded Rat Heart Cells in Culture
Authors: Gurion Rivkin, Gabriela Link, Elliot Simhon, Rosa L. Cyjon, Joseph Y. Klein, Chaim Hershko
Journal: Blood (1997)
Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis
Authors: Larry B. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

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Safety and efficacy of modified FOLFIRINOX in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer
Authors: Kazuo Watanabe, Hideaki Takahashi, Kumiko Umemoto, Hiroyuki Okuyama, Yusuke Hashimoto, Izumi Ohno, Satoshi Shimizu, Shuichi Mitsunaga, Takuji Okusaka, Masafumi Ikeda
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Imatinib Treatment of Lymphangiomatosis (Generalized Lymphatic Anomaly)
Authors: Laura J. Libby, Navneet Narula, Helen Fernandes, James F. Gruden, David J. Wolf, Daniel M. Libby
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Lymphangiomatosis (eg, generalized lymphatic anomaly) is an abnormal proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells. It is often a childhood disease, but it may present in adulthood by infiltrating organs and cause obstruction, bleeding, or disruption of lymphatic flow. Pulmonary involvement may be mild or cause diffuse interstitial lung disease, airway obstruction, hemoptysis, chylothorax, chylopericardium, and culminate in respiratory failure. Treatment has been limited to surgical resection or drainage procedures because there is no accepted effective systemic therapy. This report presents a patient with lymphangiomatosis and life-threatening hemoptysis in whom positive immunostaining for c-KIT suggested upregulation of tyrosine kinase and whose disease was controlled with imatinib.
ATPS-46PRECLINICAL THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF A NOVEL BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER-PENETRANT DUAL PI3K/MTOR INHIBITOR WITH PREFERENTIAL RESPONSE IN PI3K/PTEN MUTANT GLIOMA
Authors: Dimpy Koul, Shuzhen Wang, Norihiko Saito, Siyuan Zheng, Shaofang Wu, Masaki Setoguchi, Kiyoshi Nakayama, Kumiko Koyama, Yoshinobu Shiose, Erik P. Sulman, Yasuhide Hirota, W. K. Alfred Yung
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an ideal candidate disease for signal transduction targeted therapy because the majority of these tumors harbor genetic alterations that result in aberrant activation of growth factor signaling pathways. Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10, mutations in the tumor suppressor gene PTEN, and PI3K mutations are molecular hallmarks of GBM and indicate poor prognostic outcomes in many cancers. Consequently, inhibiting the PI3K pathway may provide therapeutic benefit in these cancers. PI3K inhibitors generally block proliferation rather than induce apoptosis. To restore the sensitivity of GBM to apoptosis induction, targeted agents have been combined with conventional therapy. However, the molecular heterogeneity and infiltrative nature of GBM make it resistant to traditional single agent therapy. Our objectives were to test a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor that may cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and provide the rationale for using this inhibitor in combination regimens to chemotherapy-induced synergism in GBM. Here we report the preclinical potential of a novel, orally bioavailable PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitor, DS7423 (hereafter DS), in in-vitro and in-vivo studies. DS was tested in mice, and DS plasma and brain concentrations were determined. DS crossed the BBB and led to potent suppression of PI3K pathway biomarkers in the brain. The physiologically relevant concentration of DS was tested in 9 glioma cell lines and 22 glioma-initiating cell (GIC) lines. DS inhibited the growth of glioma tumor cell lines and GICs at mean 50% inhibitory concentration values of less than 250 nmol/L. We found that PI3K mutations and PTEN alterations were associated with cellular response to DS treatment; with preferential inhibition of cell growth in PI3KCA-mutant and PTEN altered cell lines. DS showed efficacy and survival benefit in the U87 and GSC11 orthotopic models of GBM. Furthermore, administration of DS enhanced the antitumor efficacy of temozolomide against GBM in U87 glioma models, which shows that PI3K/mTOR inhibitors may enhance alkylating agent-mediated cytotoxicity, providing a novel regimen for the treatment of GBM. Our present findings establish that DS can specifically be used in patients who have PI3K pathway activation and/or loss of PTEN function. Further studies are warranted to determine the potential of DS for glioma treatment.
Prolapse of Both Mitral and Tricuspid Leaflets in Systolic Murmur-Click Syndrome
Authors: Alden S. Gooch, Vladir Maranhão, Gregory Scampardonis, Se Do Cha, Sing San Yang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Thirteen patients with proved prolapsed mitral leaflets were selected for right ventriculography to visualize their tricuspid valves. Twleve patients without prolapse were studied as controls. Six had late systolic prolapse of the tricuspid leaflets, most evident with the inferior leaflet. In one patient a clinical clue to the presence of tricuspid pathology was the appearance of a mid-late systolic murmur at the lower left sternal border after inspiration. Whether due to a primary derangement of valve anatomy or to vigorous or asynergistic ventricular contraction, the syndrome of prolapsed leaflets with myocardopathy can involve both atrioventricular valves.
Congenital Hyperthyroidism Caused by a Mutation in the Thyrotropin-Receptor Gene
Authors: Peter Kopp, Jacqueline van Sande, Jasmine Parma, Laurence Duprez, Hans Gerber, Etienne Joss, J. Larry Jameson, Jacques E. Dumont, Gilbert Vassart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Congenital hyperthyroidism is rare. Most cases occur in infants born of mothers with a history of Graves' disease.1 The disorder is usually transient in such infants, because it is caused by transplacental passage of maternal thyrotropin-receptor–stimulating autoantibodies that are subsequently cleared.2,3 However, a few neonates with persistent nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism of unknown cause have been described.4–11 The family history suggested an autosomal dominant disorder in some of these infants.5,12 A molecular basis for autonomous thyroid function has been found in some patients with hyperfunctioning thyroid adenomas. Some of these tumors have somatic mutations in stimulatory G (guanine nucleotide–binding) . . .
Meta-Analyses of Human Cell-Based Cardiac Regeneration Therapies
Authors: Enca Martin-Rendon
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Controversies from basic science, discrepancies from clinical trials, and divergent results from meta-analyses have recently arisen in the field of cell therapies for cardiovascular repair and regeneration. Noticeably, there are almost as many systematic reviews and meta-analyses published as there are well-conducted clinical studies. But how do we disentangle the confusion they have raised? This article addresses why results obtained from systematic reviews and meta-analyses of human cell-based cardiac regeneration therapies are still valid to inform the design of future clinical trials. It also addresses how meta-analyses are not free from limitations and how important it is to assess the quality of the evidence and the quality of the systematic reviews and finally how stronger conclusions can be drawn when several pieces of evidence converge.
Curschmann's Spirals
Authors: P R Vezza, E A Montgomery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Figure 1. A 71-year-old woman with a history of asthma presented with a productive cough, fever, and shortness of breath that had begun four days previously. The patient had a white-cell count of 18,400 per cubic millimeter, with 68 percent eosinophils. A centrifuged sample of her bronchoalveolar-lavage specimen contained microscopic structures identified as Curschmann's spirals (Papanicolaou stain, ×1000). Curschmann's spirals, which can be seen on a wet preparation or on a Papanicolaou-stained specimen of respiratory secretions, are associated with the production of excess mucus in conditions such as asthma and bronchitis and as a result of smoking.