tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
UK key performance indicators and quality assurance standards for colonoscopy
Authors: Colin J Rees, Siwan Thomas Gibson, Matt D Rutter, Phil Baragwanath, Rupert Pullan, Mark Feeney, Neil Haslam
Journal: Gut (2016)

Colonoscopy should be delivered by endoscopists performing high quality procedures. The British Society of Gastroenterology, the UK Joint Advisory Group on GI Endoscopy, and the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland have developed quality assurance measures and key performance indicators for the delivery of colonoscopy within the UK. This document sets minimal standards for delivery of procedures along with aspirational targets that all endoscopists should aim for.
Total treatment burden in stage I seminoma patients.
Authors: E. Leung, P. W. Chung, T. Panzarella, M. A. Jewett, J. Sweet, M. O'Malley, M. K. Gospodarowicz, M. J. Moore, J. F. Sturgeon, P. R. Warde
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

4534 Background: Concern has been expressed that stage I seminoma surveillance patients are exposed to an increased burden of treatment due to the need for combination chemotherapy (ChT) during salvage management. To address this issue, we reviewed the total treatment burden in patients with stage I seminoma managed on a surveillance protocol or adjuvant radiation (RT). Methods: Between 1981 and 2004, of 764 stage I seminoma patients, 484 were managed by surveillance and 280 by adjuvant RT. First relapse on surveillance was managed by RT alone, with ChT for more extensive recurrence; a policy akin to the management of de- novo stage II seminoma. All patients with second relapse were managed with ChT. Relapse after adjuvant RT were treated with ChT with exceptional cases (isolated inguinal relapse) receiving RT alone. We assigned total treatment burden according to initial management strategy after orchiectomy by defining episodes of treatment i.e. 1 episode was a course of RT or 3 cycles of BEP chemotherapy (or equivalent) or surgery (e.g. retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy). Results: Median follow-up for the surveillance and adjuvant RT group was 79 and 102 months, respectively. Overall survival at 5 and 10 yrs was 98% and 95%, respectively. Only 1 patient died of seminoma. In surveillance patients, 72 relapsed [72/484 (15%)]. Of these, 56 were treated with RT (5 second relapses), 15 with ChT (1 second relapse), and 1 surgery. Second relapse was treated with ChT in all cases. Relapse after adjuvant RT occurred in 14 patients [14/280 (5%)], 10 of whom received salvage ChT and 4 further RT with no second relapses. In total 20 (4%) and 10 patients (4%) were treated with ChT in the surveillance and adjuvant groups, respectively. In total, surveillance patients underwent 78 episodes of treatment (56 RT, 21 ChT, 1 surgery) compared to 294 in adjuvant patients (284 RT, 10 ChT). Conclusions: Surveillance with RT for first relapse as a management strategy reduces the overall burden of treatment in stage I seminoma patients. We saw no evidence for increased exposure to chemotherapy in patients managed with surveillance, with marked reduction in the use of radiotherapy in this population of young patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
African-Americans Express Multiple Haplotypic Forms of the Wildtype Factor VIII (FVIII) Protein: A Possible Role for Pharmacogenetics in FVIII Inhibitor Development?.
Authors: Tom Howard, Deepa M. Machiah, Thuy T. Tran, Kevin R. Viel, Cynthia Channell, Jose Manuel Soria, Afshin Ameri, Rathi V. Iyer, Cara Brown, Christopher Doering, Laura Almasy, Ray Watts, Joanna Davis, Thomas C. Abshire
Journal: Blood (2004)
Conventional-dose (CDCT) versus high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) in the salvage management of relapsed pure seminoma: results from an international database
Authors: P. Giannatempo, S. Lo Vullo, L. Mariani, D. Raggi, K. Schumacher, C. Massard, E. Kanfer, K. Oechsle, D. Laszlo, M. Michieli, N. Ifrah, M. Crysandt, P. Wuchter, A. Nagler, A. Wahlin, M. Badoglio, P. Pedrazzoli, F. Lanza, A. Necchi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Impact of response shift in longitudinal postoperative quality of life (QoL) analysis among breast cancer (BC) patients: A randomized multicenter cohort study.
Authors: F. Bonnetain, T. Conroy, M. Velten, D. Jolly, M. Mercier, S. Causeret, J. Cuisenier, O. Graesslin, M. Gauthier, F. Guillemin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6121 Background: Response shift (RS) could bias QoL analyses when comparing treatments. One objective of our study was to characterize the change in internal standard, change in value, reconceptualization components of RS and to study its impact on longitudinal QoL in patients with primary BC. Methods: A French prospective multicentric cohort included women hospitalized or consulting for a primitive BC or a suspicion. QLQ-C30, BR23 and EuroQOL EQ-5D was assessed at the beginning (before treatment) and at the end of the first hospitalization as well as 3 and 6 months after. We used then-test, ideal scale and successive comparison approaches to characterise the 3 components of RS. Change in internal standard at the end of the first hospitalization was identified calculating mean difference (MD) between pretest and then-test (retrospective measure) baseline QoL assessment and using matched pair signed rank tests. A − (or +) MD reflects retrospectively a higher QoL level at baseline for functional (or symptoms) dimensions. Results: From February 2006 to February 2008, 381 women were included in 4 centers. Mean age was 56 years, 36% had a suspicion of BC while only 10% were not confirmed, 28% had mastectomy and 43% sentinel node biopsy, 35% adjuvant chemotherapy. At the end of the first hospitalization, retrospective assessment of QoL at baseline (then-test) highlighted that women had initially underestimated QoL level (p < 0.0001) for emotional (MD = -5.3 points) and cognitive (MD = -2.9 points) functions resulting respectively in a true QoL change of +3.3 points (p = 0.0008) and -3.3 points (p =0.0002) instead of observed change of +8.6 and -0.4 points respectively. In the same way fatigue (MD = -1.3), dyspnea (MD = -2.2), insomnia (MD = -5.1), appetite (MD = - 3.4) and diarrhea (MD = -3.1) symptoms as well as sexual enjoyment (MD = -2.9) and future perspective of BR23 (MD = +7.9) were initially significantly better at inclusion when retrospectively evaluated (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Occurrence of RS after first hospitalization for 7/15 dimensions of QLQ-C30 and 2/8 of BR-23 suggests to take RS into account to interpret QoL change in BC. Other components of RS are under investigation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
P49 Higher service use amongst patients with advanced COPD and psychological co-morbidities: Associations with quality of life, co-morbidities and exacerbations: Abstract P49 Table 1
Authors: AC Gardener, M Farquhar, H Holt Butcher, C Moore, G Ewing, P White, S Howson, R Mahadeva, S Booth, P Burge, S Mendonca
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> There is a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among people with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Anxiety and depression are frequently associated with increased service use, particularly hospital admission; other demographic and health variables are also known to be significant in this relationship. However, less is known about the nature of these relationships when COPD is advanced. The aim of this study was to identify the relationship between anxiety and depression and service use in patients with advanced COPD, together with the role of key demographic and health variables. <h3>Methods</h3> A well-characterised population-based cohort of patients with advanced COPD completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and reported hospital and community service use and experiences. Patient demographics and health variables were also collected. Univariate analyses of associations between service use and anxiety, depression, health variables and demographics were carried out using data collected over a three month period. <h3>Results</h3> 235 patients recruited: mean age 71.6 (SD 10.3); 61% male; mean MMRC dyspnea scale 3.68 (SD 1.040); mean CAT score 23.4 9 (SD7.5). Anxiety and depression scores (HADS) were higher than population norms. Univariate associations (Table 1) were identified between anxiety and contact with a GP (<i>p = 0</i>.021) and depression and in-patient admission (<i>p = 0</i>.017). Other variables crudely associated with GP service use, were the number of exacerbations managed at home (<i>p = 0</i>.006), co-morbidities (<i>p = 0</i>.014) and the CRQ dyspnea, physical and emotional domains (<i>p = 0</i>14, 0.011 and 0.032 respectively). Crude associations were also found between inpatient admissions and the number of exacerbations at home (<i>p = 0</i>.034) and the CRQ dyspnea domain (<i>p = 0</i>.014). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with advanced COPD and co-morbid anxiety were more likely to have had contact with their GP. Those with co-morbid depression were more likely to have had an in-patient admission. Variables associated with these relationships may include health related quality of life, co-morbidities and exacerbations managed at home. On-going work will validate these conclusions by analysing data collected over an 18 month period. Supportive interventions targeting patients with comorbid anxiety and depression may ameliorate the effects of psychological morbidity and reduce admissions.
Screening Strategies for Lead Poisoning
Authors: Peter A. Briss
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We write to address several issues raised by the recent report on lead poisoning among low-income children in Orange County by Gellert et al.<sup>1</sup> Several well-designed prospective cohort studies<sup>2,3</sup>and a meta-analysis<sup>4</sup>suggest that lead produces adverse neurological effects at blood lead levels at least as low as 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/dL), the current level of concern as defined by the CDC. Although Gellert et al state that "pediatric lead poisoning is not a major problem affecting Orange County children," they report a 7.25% prevalence of blood lead levels of 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/dL) or higher among children in that county. Many Orange County children, therefore, have evidence of increased lead exposure. The statement by Gellert et al that "no action other than retesting is indicated" for children with blood lead levels of 0.50 μmol/L (10 μg/dL) is inaccurate. The CDC recommends that several
The use of integrative genomics to define molecular signatures of melanoma histologic subtypes.
Authors: A. E. Rose, L. Poliseno, A. Pearlman, J. Wang, H. Ostrer, F. Darvishian, R. L. Shapiro, A. C. Pavlick, E. Hernando, I. Osman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8553 Background: Studies of c-kit inhibitor imatinib for the treatment of acral melanoma emphasize the importance of delineating and targeting the unique pathways driving tumorigenesis of histologic subtypes. There are no agents specifically tailored to treat the two most common subtypes: superficial spreading (SSM) and nodular melanoma (NM). We integrated gene expression and SNP array data to identify genes and pathways that differentiate NM and SSM. Methods: Gene array (U133A 2.0 Affymetrix) and SNP array (6.0 Affymetrix) were performed on 18 melanoma cell lines (2SSM, 4NM, 12 MET) and 4 melanocyte controls. Gene lists and correlations between DNA copy number and mRNA expression were made using the Partek Genomics Suite. Array data were validated in an expanded group of NM and SSM lines using qRT-PCR, western blot, and an in silico analysis of a public melanoma data set (Jaeger CCR 2007). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of candidate genes was performed using human tissues from the IMCG. Results: Principal component analysis of gene expression showed high variance among NMs, with all but one falling outside 2 standard deviations of the mean expression for all other melanomas (SSM and MET). mRNA array revealed 114 genes differentially expressed between NM and SSM (p < 0.05, Bonferroni correction). Integrative genomics yielded 14 genes in which expression was significantly correlated with copy number (p < 0.05, Spearman's rank). qRT-PCR verified differential expression between NM and SSM in 7/8 (88%) genes studied, and the same trend between NM and SSM expression of all 7 genes was observed in the external validation set of human tissue. Pathway analysis of the most differentially expressed genes between NM and SSM showed highest representation of metabolic processes (65 genes, 55.1%, p = 0.05). Metabolism-related proteins MTAP and ALDH7A1, and reported tumor suppressor EPB41L3 were assessed by western blot which verified higher expression in NM vs. SSM in all 3 proteins. IHC in human specimens also showed higher levels of ALDH7A1 in NM vs. SSM. Conclusions: Integrative genomics revealed molecular differences between NM and SSM. Data suggest NM and SSM have distinct biology, which may justify different strategies of drug development. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The impact of glutamine supplementation on the symptoms of ataxia-telangiectasia: a preclinical assessment
Authors: Jianmin Chen, Yanping Chen, Graham Vail, Heiman Chow, Yang Zhang, Lauren Louie, Jiali Li, Ronald P. Hart, Mark R. Plummer, Karl Herrup
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2016)

Our previous studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) suggested that glutamine broadly improves cellular readiness to respond to stress and acts as a neuroprotectant both in vitro and in AD mouse models. We now expand our studies to a second neurodegenerative disease, ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Unlike AD, where clinically significant cognitive decline does not typically occur before age 65, A-T symptoms appear in early childhood and are caused exclusively by mutations in the ATM (A-T mutated) gene. Genetically ATM-deficient mice and wild type littermates were maintained with or without 4 % glutamine in their drinking water for several weeks. In ATM mutants, glutamine supplementation restored serum glutamine and glucose levels and reduced body weight loss. Lost neurophysiological function assessed through the magnitude of hippocampal long term potentiation was significantly restored. Glutamine supplemented mice also showed reduced thymus pathology and, remarkably, a full one-third extension of lifespan. In vitro assays revealed that ATM-deficient cells are more sensitive to glutamine deprivation, while supra-molar glutamine (8 mM) partially rescued the reduction of BDNF expression and HDAC4 nuclear translocation of genetically mutant Atm−/− neurons. Analysis of microarray data suggested that glutamine metabolism is significantly altered in human A-T brains as well. Glutamine is a powerful part of an organism's internal environment. Changes in its concentrations can have a huge impact on the function of all organ systems, especially the brain. Glutamine supplementation thus bears consideration as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of human A-T and perhaps other neurodegenerative diseases.
Skin microbiome before development of atopic dermatitis: Early colonization with commensal staphylococci at 2 months is associated with a lower risk of atopic dermatitis at 1 year
Authors: Elizabeth A. Kennedy, Jennifer Connolly, Jonathan O'B. Hourihane, Padraic G. Fallon, W.H. Irwin McLean, Deirdre Murray, Jay-Hyun Jo, Julia A. Segre, Heidi H. Kong, Alan D. Irvine
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)

Disease flares of established atopic dermatitis (AD) are generally associated with a low-diversity skin microbiota and Staphylococcus aureus dominance. The temporal transition of the skin microbiome between early infancy and the dysbiosis of established AD is unknown.We randomly selected 50 children from the Cork Babies After SCOPE: Evaluating the Longitudinal Impact Using Neurological and Nutritional Endpoints (BASELINE) longitudinal birth cohort for microbiome sampling at 3 points in the first 6 months of life at 4 skin sites relevant to AD: the antecubital and popliteal fossae, nasal tip, and cheek. We identified 10 infants with AD and compared them with 10 randomly selected control infants with no AD. We performed bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and analysis directly from clinical samples.Bacterial community structures and diversity shifted over time, suggesting that age strongly affects the skin microbiome in infants. Unlike established AD, these patients with infantile AD did not have noticeably dysbiotic communities before or with disease and were not colonized by S aureus. In comparing patients and control subjects, infants who had affected skin at month 12 had statistically significant differences in bacterial communities on the antecubital fossa at month 2 compared with infants who were unaffected at month 12. In particular, commensal staphylococci were significantly less abundant in infants affected at month 12, suggesting that this genus might protect against the later development of AD.This study suggests that 12-month-old infants with AD were not colonized with S aureus before having AD. Additional studies are needed to confirm whether colonization with commensal staphylococci modulates skin immunity and attenuates development of AD.
High Uptake of FDG Along a Biliary Stent
Authors: Yasunari Nagasaki, Hiromichi Yamane, Nobuaki Ochi, Yoshihiro Honda, Nagio Takigawa
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 66-year-old woman presented with abdominal discomfort. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed a mass in the pancreas and multiple liver metastases. Pathological examination confirmed the mass to be primary pancreatic cancer. Endoscopic insertion of a biliary stent was performed to prevent common bile duct obstruction. Subsequently, she received combination chemotherapy, which resulted in a complete response. FDG-PET-CT after chemotherapy revealed a high uptake of FDG along the outline of the biliary stent, with complete disappearance of both the primary and metastatic tumors.
Pulmonary sarcoidosis is associated with exosomal vitamin D–binding protein and inflammatory molecules
Authors: Maria-Jose Martinez-Bravo, Casper J.E. Wahlund, Khaleda Rahman Qazi, Robert Moulder, Ana Lukic, Olof Rådmark, Riitta Lahesmaa, Johan Grunewald, Anders Eklund, Susanne Gabrielsson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Metronomic epirubicin plus ketoconazole after docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Authors: I. Dedobbeleer, F. Geurs, P. Demetter, S. VAN Haevre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e15146 Background: This single institution study compared epirubicin/ketoconazole/hydrocortisone (ME-K) as second-line chemotherapy after docetaxel in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). This combination was already in use prior to the advent of taxanes in CRPC (Sella A et al JCO 1994 Apr; 12 (4): 683-8) (Rangel C et al Urology 1992 Jun, 39 (6): 577-82). Methods: Men with CRPC treated at Sint-Maria Regional Hospital with ME-K as second-line chemotherapy after docetaxel, were retrospectively identified. Patients on ME-K received epirubicin 20 mg/m2on day 1, ketoconazole 3 x 200mg daily and hydrocortisone 20+10mg 3 weeks out of 4 (+ zoledronic acid if bone metastases). PSA response and time to PSA progression, as defined in Bubley, JCO 1999; 17: 3461-3467, were used to assess efficacy of chemotherapy. Clinical progression was defined as death or progression of symptoms requiring change of treatment regardless PSA levels. Results: 12 patients were treated with ME-K after docetaxel. Median age at start of second-line chemotherapy was 68y. Decline of PSA level of >50% was observed in 6 men (50%) receiving ME-K after docetaxel Partial response according to RECIST in 2 patients (lymph node, pleural). Besides alopecia, there were no significant side effects. Median time to clinical or PSA progression was 4 months in both groups (8 months in PSA responders and 2 months in non-responders in E-weekly-K group). Median overall survival was 14.5 months in patients treated with second-line E-weekly-K. Patient progression during first-line chemotherapy with docetaxel had a high chance of responding to n E-weekly-K as second-line chemotherapy and also had a subsequent longer TTP than under docetaxel. Conclusions: Metronomic, weekly low dose epirubicin and ketoconazole combination is an active second-line chemotherapy regimens in men with CRPC after docetaxel failure. This effect is most pronounced in patients progressing, whilst under docetaxel. Two patients with visceral metastases had a near complete response. The efficacy and toxicity of ME-K after docetaxel should be evaluated in larger prospective trials. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS RECEIVING NEW AND REPLACEMENT IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER-DEFIBRILLATORS: RESULTS FROM THE NCDR
Authors: Daniel Bruce Kramer, Kevin Kennedy, Peter Noseworthy, Alfred Buxton, Mark Josephson, Sharon-Lise Normand, John Spertus, Peter Zimetbaum, Matthew Reynolds, Susan L. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
More Insights Into Zika Virus Infection and Birth Outcomes
Authors: M.J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2016)

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