tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer and Taxol Top Press and Public Interest: “The” Cancer Stories of 1991
Authors: Kara Smigel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article Breast Cancer and Taxol Top Press and Public Interest: “The” Cancer Stories of 1991 Get access Kara Smigel Kara Smigel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 1, 1 January 1992, Pages 10–11, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.1.10 Published: 01 January 1992
OC-079 Development and Validation of New Clinical Disease Severity Index for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: a Prospective Multicentre Study
Authors: L Alrubaiy
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Due to the different presentations of patients with inflammatory bowel disease, several clinical severity indices were used in the past. Interestingly, most (if not all) of these indices were not properly validated and did not go through a robust methodology. Our aim is to develop a new clinical disease severity index that valid, easy obtainable in the clinic and suitable to all IBD patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The development of Swansea IBD clinical severity index (SICSI) followed a clinimetric approach. Items were devised using IBD experts opinions and through reviewing 17 clinical severity indices commonly used in studies for UC and CD. To ensure items are applicable, we asked a small focus group of IBD specialists, statisticians and methodologists to review these items and ensure good face and content validity. Psychometric properties were tested on 210 patients to remove redundant items and shorten the index. Construct validity was checked using biochemical markers like CRP, WBC, HB and albumin and clinical indices which are: Harvey Bradshaw index, simple clinical colitis activity index and perianal disease activity index. If patient is having an endoscopy, endoscopic indices will be recorded as well which are mayo clinic score, Rachmilewitz scores and simple endoscopic score. <h3>Results</h3> We found that 7 items account for 98% of the variance of the total score and they are: Abdominal pain or discomfort, stool consistency compared to the usual, blood in stool, number of stool frequency, general well being, nocturnal symptoms and urgency. Items that had high item total correlation &gt; 0.8 like physician global assessment were removed from the index as they are redundant. Temperature and abdominal mass had a zero variance score and did not add any value to the total score and were removed during factor analysis. Internal consistency (Correlation of items with each other) was acceptable (Cronbach alpha = 0.827). SICSI had good correlation with the clinical, biochemical and endoscopic severity scores (r &gt; 0.5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> It is clear that the Swansea IBD clinical severity index will perform well in clinical practise. Further studies are going on to implement the index in clincal practise. The index has been incorporated into our local IBD registry to follow up and moniter patients. There are plans to develop an iPhone application. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared <h3>References</h3> Marx RG, C Bombardier C, Hogg-Johnson S, Wright JG. Clinimetric and psychometric strategies for development of a health measurement scale. J Clin Epidemiol, 1999. 52(2): p. 105–11. Streiner DL, Norman GR. Health measurement scales. A practical guided to their development uses. 4th ed, 2008 OUP.
BOOKS IN REVIEW-1991
Authors: E. J. SEIFTER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

BOOKS IN REVIEW–1991 Get access ERIC J. SEIFTER ERIC J. SEIFTER Book Review Editor, Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimore, MD 21201 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 2, 15 January 1992, Pages 123–124, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.2.123-a Published: 15 January 1992
P1242 RESISTANCE ANALYSIS OF HCV GENOTYPE 1 INFECTED PATIENTS TREATED WITH SOFOSBUVIR IN COMBINATION WITH LEDIPASVIR OR THE NS5B NONNUCLEOSIDE INHIBITOR GS-9669: THE ELECTRON STUDY
Authors: E.S. Svarovskaia, R. Martin, V. Gontcharova, R.H. Hyland, E.J. Gane, C.A. Stedman, W.T. Symonds, M.D. Miller, H. Mo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
THU0361 Bone and Joint Disease in Mucopolysaccharidosis Involves Tlr4-Related Inflammation and Improves upon Treatment with Pentosan Polysulphate
Authors: C. Simonaro, M. Frohbergh, Y. Ge, F. Meng, X. He, V. DeAngelis, N. Karabul, A. Sόlyom, E. Schuchman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) comprise a group of lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) resulting from inherited deficiencies of 11 specific glycosaminoglycan (GAG) degrading enzymes. In certain types of MPS (those without significant CNS involvement), bone and joint disease and progressively worsening contractures have the greatest negative influence on patients9 quality of life, and lead to severe disability. We have previously shown that GAG storage leads directly to activation of the TLR4/TNF-alpha inflammatory pathway, and that inflammation is a major contributor to bone and connective tissue pathology in MPS[1]. This pattern of inflammation resembles that occurring in arthritis, and we feel that the naturally occurring MPS animal models provide excellent systems in which to study disease pathogenesis and treatment. By using TNF-alpha blocking agents, we were able to show a decrease in inflammatory cytokines and an associated improvement in bone and joint changes in MPS animals[2]. Currently, treatment approaches available for MPS patients do not prevent worsening of joint pathology. <h3>Objectives</h3> We recently identified an FDA-approved drug, pentosan polysulphate (SP-54, PPS), which resulted in reduction in inflammatory cytokine levels and remarkable improvements in bone and joint disease, as well as overall physical functioning, in a rat model of MPS type VI. Our goal was to assess dose-related effects of the medication to further establish the basis for clinical trials. <h3>Methods</h3> We previously reported the effects of daily oral PPS treatment in MPS VI rats. Here we compare results of using oral dosing vs. weekly subcutaneous (sc) injections. Four groups of MPS VI rats were treated with weekly sc PPS at human equivalent doses of 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg. <h3>Results</h3> The most efficacious sc PPS dose was 2 mg/kg. Treatment of all MPS VI rats with weekly sc PPS for up to 6 months was safely tolerated. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We propose that weekly subcutaneous injections of PPS will be efficacious and safe in MPS patients with joint disease, and a phase 1/2 clinical study is planned. Further assessment of the role of inflammation in joint pathology associated with MPS, along with exploration of MPS joint disease as a type of arthritis model are also topics of our group9s continuing research. <h3>References</h3> Simonaro C, et al., Mechanism of glycosamionglycan-mediated bone and joint disease. Am J Path. 2008;172 (1): 112-22. Eliyahu E, et al., Anti-TNF-alpha therapy enhances the effects of enzyme replacement therapy in rats with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI. PLoS One. 2011;6(8):e22447. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3340
A two-step multidisciplinary approach to treat recurrent esophageal strictures in children with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica
Authors: Thorsten Vowinkel, Mike Laukoetter, Rudolf Mennigen, Klaus Hahnenkamp, Antje Gottschalk, Matthias Boschin, Michael Frosch, Norbert Senninger, Dirk Tübergen
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

In children with severe generalized recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB), esophageal scarring leads to esophageal strictures with dysphagia, followed by malnutrition and delayed development. We describe a two-step multidisciplinary therapeutic approach to overcome malnutrition and growth retardation. In Step 1, under general anesthesia, orthograde balloon dilation of the esophagus is followed by gastrostomy creation using a direct puncture technique. In Step 2, further esophageal strictures are treated by retrograde dilation via the established gastrostomy; this step requires only a short sedation period. A total of 12 patients (median age 7.8 years, range 6 weeks to 17 years) underwent successful orthograde balloon dilation of esophageal strictures combined with direct puncture gastrostomy. After 12 and 24 months in 11 children, a substantial improvement of growth and nutrition was achieved (body mass index [BMI] standard deviation score [SDS] + 0.59 and + 0.61, respectively). In one child, gastrostomy was removed because of skin ulcerations after 10 days. Recurrent esophageal strictures were treated successfully in five children. The combined approach of balloon dilation and gastrostomy is technically safe in children with RDEB, and helps to promote catch-up growth and body weight. In addition, recurrent esophageal strictures can be treated successfully without general anesthesia in a retrograde manner via the established gastrostomy.
LONGITUDINAL CHANGE IN AORTIC STIFFNESS MEASURED BY CARDIAC MRI IN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER ADULTS: THE MULTI-ETHNIC STUDY OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS (MESA)
Authors: Yoshiaki Ohyama, Bharath Ambale Venkatesh, Chikara Noda, Gisela Teixido, Atul Chugh, Chia-Ying Liu, Alban Redheuil, Richard Stacey, Harry Dietz, Antoinette Gomes, Martin Prince, Artur Evangelista Masip, Colin Wu, Greg Hundley, David Bluemke, Joao Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Ollier Disease With Digital Enchondromatosis
Authors: Bryan B. Le, Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Ollier disease is a rare skeletal disorder characterized by multiple enchondromas at metaphyseal regions of the bones. The disease is nonhereditary and usually the result of postzygote mutations during development. We present the features of digital enchondromatosis on bone scintigraphy, PET/CT, radiographs, and MRI in a patient, with a childhood diagnosis of Ollier disease.
Vivek Murthy for Surgeon General
Authors: Gregory D. Curfman, Stephen Morrissey, Debra Malina, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Surgeons general of the United States have often championed important causes that improve the nation's health. Leroy Burney and Luther Terry took on the issue of smoking and health. C. Everett Koop championed the treatment of HIV-AIDS as a medical condition. With the nomination of Dr. Vivek Murthy, who aims to take on the epidemic of obesity, President Barack Obama is striving to continue this tradition.Murthy, whose parents immigrated to the United States from India, has lived the American dream. He was educated at two of our nation's most prestigious universities, earning his undergraduate degree at Harvard and both . . .
Case 29-2010
Authors: Daniel P. Hunt, Ashraf Thabet, Eric S. Rosenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 29-year-old woman with spastic quadriplegia was admitted to this hospital because of fever, nausea, and increasing abdominal pain. The patient had a history of recurrent urinary tract infections and nephrolithiasis. A CT scan of the abdomen showed chronic scarring of the kidney, mild splenomegaly, and possible splenic infarcts.
Abstract 486: Abscopal effect of low-LET ionizing radiation on Rel protein signal transduction
Authors: Jamunarani Veeraraghavan, Svetlana Kiosseva, Rakhesh Madhusoodhanan, Mohan Natarajan, Terence S. Herman, Natarajan Aravindan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ascertaining the ionizing radiation (IR)-induced bystander response and identifying its mechanistic regulation would raise a paradigm shift in our understanding of the radiobiological effects. Recent evidence from our lab and others clearly prompted that the transcriptional regulator NFκB would play a key role in induced responses in non-targeted bystander cells. In this study, for the first time, we investigated the orchestration of NFκB signaling after IR in an organ (heart) distant from the exposure field. The C57/BL6 mice either mock irradiated, exposed to single dose IR (SDR: 2 or 10Gy) or fractionated IR (FIR, 2 Gy/day for 5 days) were sacrificed 24h post-irradiation. All IR exposures were limited to the lower abdomen area (1cm diameter), while the rest of the animal was protected by a specially designed cerrobend shield. EMSA analysis was used to examine the changes in NFκB DNA binding activity in the heart. Transcriptional activation of 88 mediators associated with NFκB signaling pathway was assessed using QPCR profiling. Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 that play a key role in NFκB signal transduction were examined using immunoblotting. Induced DNA fragmentation was measured using TdT nick end labeling. IR significantly induced NFκB DNA binding activity in the heart. Further more, real-time QPCR profiling showed a significant and differential modulation in the transcriptional responses of NFκB signaling pathway molecules. To that end, of the 88 genes analyzed, 28, 51 and 41 genes were upregulated after 2Gy, 10Gy and FIR, respectively. More importantly, at these exposures13 out of 28, 27 out of 51 and 25 out of 41 induced mediators of NFkB pathway were significantly upregulated. Conversely, lower abdominal IR exposure markedly suppressed 44, 20 and 30 genes after 2 Gy, 10Gy and FIR, respectively in the heart of the exposed animals. Compared to 2Gy, FIR significantly induced 26 genes, while 10Gy upregulated 27 genes. In addition, 6 and 15 genes were significantly upregulated after acute dose of 2 and 10Gy as opposed to fractionated dose. Consistently, immunoblotting analysis revealed a profound phosphorylation of both ERK1/2 and p38 in the heart. Interestingly, distant IR exposure significantly enhanced DNA fragmentation in the heart tissue. Taken together, these data clearly indicated an induced abscopal response in mice heart after clinically relevant doses of IR exposure. More importantly, these data implies that orchestration of NFκB signal transduction may play a key role in induced abscopal responses. Funding Support: Presbyterian Health Foundation, OKC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 486.
Radiation Therapy of Changes Secondary to Lung Cancer and Pneumonectomy on Bone and Tc-99m Depreotide Imaging
Authors: Wei-Jen Shih, Vickie Kiefer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From the Nuclear Medicine Service, VA Medical Center,* and the Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Medicine,† University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky Received for publication August 12, 2002. Revision accepted October 11, 2002. Correspondence: W. J. Shih, Nuclear Medicine Service, 1101 Veterans Drive, Lexington, Kentucky 40502. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 4353: Tristetraprolin (TTP) mediates radiation-induced TNF-α production in lung macrophages
Authors: Dipankar Ray, Abigail Helman, Shirish Shukla, Susmita Gurjar Ramanand, Linda Tran, Michael Bassetti, Mukesh K. Nyati, Ming Zhang, Theodore S. Lawrence
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The efficacy of radiation therapy for lung cancer is limited by radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT). Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling plays a critical role in RILT, the molecular regulators of radiation-induced TNF-α production remain unknown. We investigated the role of a major TNF-α regulator, Tristetraprolin (TTP), in radiation-induced TNF-α production by lung macrophages. Tristetraprolin (TTP), an adenosine-uridine (AU) rich element (ARE) associated RNA binding protein, is known to destabilize TNF-α mRNA during lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and now we have identified that radiation causes TTP inactivation via inhibitory (Ser178) phosphorylation and induction of proteasome-mediated degradation, leading to increased TNF-α mRNA stability and secretion. Our preliminary studies indicate possible involvements of PI3K and p38 signaling in radiation-induced inactivating phosphorylation of TTP and we further identify an ubiquitin ligase [Skp-Cullin-F-box (SCFα-TrCP)] responsible for controlling radiation-induced TTP protein stability. These findings suggest that agents capable of blocking TTP phosphorylation or stabilizing TTP after irradiation could decrease RILT. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4353. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4353
The 14-3-3 Brain Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Marker for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
Authors: Gary Hsich, Kimbra Kenney, Clarence J. Gibbs, Kelvin H. Lee, Michael G. Harrington
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

There is no practical and reliable premortem test for Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and the related transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. Two proteins, designated 130 and 131, which have been detected in low concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, appear to be sensitive and specific markers for the disease. Attempts to identify these proteins, however, have been unsuccessful. We hypothesized that they may be present in the normal brain.
INCREMENTAL BENEFIT OF TRANSTHORACIC DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY OVER COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FOR PREDICTING PROXIMAL LEFT CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS
Authors: Kayo Takahashi, Makoto Saito, Toru Morofuji, Hiroe Aisu, Shinji Inaba, Takumi Sumimoto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Artifact on Bone SPECT of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: PATRICE K. REHM, FRANK B. ATKINS, TERESA ELLMER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

SPECT imaging plays an important role in the practice of nuclear medicine and is being performed with increasing frequency. SPECT provides a three-dimensional perspective with improved lesion detectability that results from the elimination of activity from overlying and underlying structures. Quality control is essential for accurate diagnosis. The common SPECT artifacts are related to camera uniformity, center of rotation, and patient motion. The recognition of SPECT artifacts is critical to achieve the diagnostic advantages available with the technique. The authors report an uncommon SPECT artifact caused by ureteral peristalsis during bone SPECT of the lumbar spine.
Abstract P2-12-09: A randomized controlled trial of support group intervention after breast cancer treatment: Results on sick leave, health care utilization and health economy.
Authors: Björneklett H Granstam, A Rosenblad, C Lindemalm, M-L Ojutkangas, H Letocha, P Strang, L Bergkvist
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: More than 50% of breast cancer patients are diagnosed before the age of 65. Returning to work after treatment is, therefore, of interest for both the individual and society. The aim was, therefore, to study the effect of support group intervention on sick leave, health care utilization and health economy. Material and Methods: Of 382 patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, 191 + 191 patients were randomized to an intervention group or to a routine control group respectively. The intervention group received support intervention on a residential basis for one week, followed by four days of follow-up two months later. The support intervention included informative-educational sections, relaxation training, mental visualization and non-verbal communication. Patients answered a questionnaire at baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months about sick leave and health care utilization. Result There was a trend towards longer sick leave and more health care utilization in the intervention group. The difference in total costs was statistically significantly higher in the intervention group after 12 months (p = 0.0036) Conclusion There was no economic benefit from intervention in its present form. In fact we saw a tendency towards longer sick leave and more health care utilization and we could show that the total cost in the intervention group was actually higher and that this difference was statistically significant after twelve months. Key words: Support intervention, breast cancer, return to work, sick leave, health care utilization, health economy Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-12-09.
AWARENESS OF ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AZATHIOPRINE AMONG PATIENTS WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE
Authors: A D Spence, R Lee, D Keegan, G A Doherty, H Mulcahy, D O'Donoghue, S J Murphy
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Azathioprine, an important immunomodulator in the management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), has potential serious side-effects about which patients should have awareness. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> The aim was to assess understanding of side-effects of azathioprine in patients with IBD. <h3>Method</h3> A 10-question survey was completed anonymously by IBD patients attending St. Vincent9s Hospital, Dublin. Information received prior to treatment, side-effect awareness and blood monitoring data were collated. <h3>Results</h3> 96 patients completed questionnaires (52% male, 48% female). Fifty-nine (61%) patients had Crohn9s disease, 33 (34%) ulcerative colitis, and 4 indeterminate colitis. Sixty-two (65%) received information about azathioprine from their physician (23% written, 37% verbal, 39% written and verbal). 83 (93%) patients took their medication daily. 61 (71%) were aware of the complication of low WBC count. Eighty-nine (93%) had blood monitoring, but frequency varied. Awareness of other side-effects was lower (38% skin rash, 30% pancreatitis, and 36% lymphoma). Thirty-eight (40%) patients had felt unwell while taking azathioprine. 34% of patients who had felt unwell on azathioprine visited their GP; only one-third had blood tests. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Although compliance with azathioprine was high, only 65% of patients recalled receiving information on azathioprine side-effects. Most patients had monitoring for neutropenia, but frequency varied. Awareness of important side-effects (lymphoma) was low. These findings emphasize the importance of reminding patients of the side-effects of azathioprine, and blood monitoring. The use of smart phones with ‘apps’, in these young patients, may be helpful as reminders of adverse effects and blood monitoring.