tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THU0159 Incidence and prevalence of major central nervous system (CNS) involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): A 3 year prospective evaluation and clinical correlations in 370 patients
Authors: E.I. Kampylafka, H. Alexopoulos, M.L. Kosmidis, D.B. Panagiotakos, P.G. Vlachoyiannopoulos, M.C. Dalakas, H.M. Moutsopoulos, A.G. Tzioufas
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Incidence and prevalence of CNS involvement in SLE is highly variable in all published series. Minor and non-specific symptoms such as headaches, mild cognitive dysfunction or depression, collectively labeled neuropsychiatric lupus, are clouding the true incidence of specific CNS events. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the incidence and prevalence of definite and severe CNS involvement in SLE patients. <h3>Methods</h3> From a cohort of 1093 SLE patients, fulfilling the 1997 ACR criteria, 458 were prospectively evaluated in our department (July 2008 to June 2011). 370 of them had no previous history of CNS involvement attributed to SLE and were finally enrolled in the study. Major and objective CNS manifestations were codified according to ACR definitions excluding minor CNS events such as headaches, mild depression or unspecified cognitive impairment. European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement score (ECLAM) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) SELENA Modification, were used to evaluate disease activity. The SLICC/ACR Damage Index was used to assess accumulated damage due to the disease. We used the Chi-Square test for categorical and the Mann-Whitney test for quantitative variables to evaluate differences between subgroups of patients with CNS involvement. Binary logistic regression models were used to assess differences between patients with and without CNS involvement. <h3>Results</h3> After excluding the non-specific and minor CNS events, only 16/370 (4.3%) patients remained with a total of 19 definite CNS events. These included seizures (42.1%), strokes (31.6%), myelopathy (21%), optic neuritis (5.3%) and acute psychosis (5.3%). Incidence was evaluated among newly diagnosed SLE patients and was 7.8/100 person years. Among hospitalizations for SLE, 13.7% were due to CNS involvement. Epileptic seizures were associated with high disease activity scores and early onset during the disease course, while myelopathy correlated with lower disease activity scores and NMO-IgG antibodies (P≤0.05). Stroke incidence correlated with APS coexistence (P=0.06). When these patients were compared with the 354 SLE patients without neurologic manifestations, CNS involvement correlated with high ECLAM and SLEDAI scores (P&lt;0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Clinically severe CNS involvement is rare in SLE patients, accounting for 7.8/100 person years. CNS involvement correlates with disease activity and coexistence of specific autoantibodies (NMO) that define the respective CNS syndromes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
P3-04-04: Patterns of Distant Metastasis According to the Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer; Results of 529 Breast Cancer Patients.
Authors: MJ Hwang, YJ Seo, JH Lee, GT Son, JE Choi, YK Bae, SH Kang, SJ Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Backgrounds; Distant metastasis from breast cancer arises from various sites. But few studies concerning factors that can predict metastasis patterns in breast cancer has been reported. In this study, we analyzed the effect of breast cancer molecular subtypes on distant metastasis patterns and tried to determine factors that predict metastasis sites. Patients and methods; From January 1995 to January 2004 at Yeungnam university hospital, patients diagnosed with the primary invasive breast cancer and received treatments were included in this study. Patients with bilateral breast cancer or distant metastasis at diagnosis were excluded. After analyzing estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 status, we classified patients into 5 categories, luminal A, luminal B, HER2−enriched, basal-like, and normal (triple negative nonbasal) breast cancers. Distant metastatic patterns of each category were analyzed. Results; 529 patients were eligible for tissue microassay analysis and median follow-up period was 7.7 years. In this period, total 82 patients (15.5%) had locoregional relapse or distant metastasis and distant metastasis were identified in 54 patients (10.2%). Each distant metastatic rate was 10.5% (33/313) in luminal A, 8.7% (4/46) in luminal B, 10.2% (6/59) in HER2−enriched, 7.9% (7/89) in basal-like, and 18.2% (4/22) in normal subtype. Most frequent site of distant metastasis in all patients was bone and such result was consistent with Luminal A subtype. Liver metastasis was most frequent in Luminal B subtype, lung metastasis in HER2 enriched and normal subtype and brain metastasis in basal-like subtype. Conclusions; There was a definite association between breast cancer molecular subtype and distant metastatic pattern. If more patients and prolonged follow up periods are analyzed, we would be able to determine the best follow up intervals, methods and treatment directions concerning subtypes of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-04-04.
OC-026 Predicting complications in liver surgery
Authors: D Dunne, F Pilkington, R Jones, H Malik, G Poston, D Palmer, S Jack, S Fenwick
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) is a non-invasive test that has been used to identify patients at higher perioperative risk. Studies have found that different CPET variables seem to be more predictive in different patient groups. There is little literature on the use of CPET within the HPB field, and no series concentrating on patients undergoing Liver resection. Our aim was to identify the most sensitive CPET variable for risk prediction in this patient group. <h3>Methods</h3> From 1 October 2009 CPET was carried out in all patients due to undergo Liver resection meeting one or more of the following criteria (1) planned extended right/or extended left resection (2) over 65 (3) significant comorbidities. Data were prospectively entered into a database. This was correlated with preoperative CPET data and analysed using version 19 of SPSS. <h3>Results</h3> Between 1 October 2009 and 1 July 2011 188 patients underwent Liver resection, 121 (64%) underwent CPET (Group A), and 67(36%) did not (Group B). Group A were older (mean age 70 vs 54) and had higher complication rates (56% vs 36%) and had longer length of stay (median 7 vs 5) (all p&lt;0.001). The three deaths occurred within group A. Multivariate analysis of Group A including age, BMI, extent of surgery (segments), VO<sub>2</sub> at anaerobic threshold (AT), VO<sub>2</sub> peak, O<sub>2</sub> pulse, and heart rate found that O<sub>2</sub> pulse at AT, and HR at AT correlated best with a risk of increased complications. OR O<sub>2</sub> pulse 0.86(CI 0.72 to 1.01, p 0.07), HR at AT 1.04 (CI 1.001 to 1.06, p&lt;0.01). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This is the largest study of CPET in the HPB field, and the only study involving only Liver resection. CPET can be used to identify those at higher perioperative risk, with O<sub>2</sub> pulse and HR at the Anaerobic Threshold the most sensitive indicators. The selective use of CPET was justifiable as all patients who died in the postoperative period were identified. Complications still occurred within the non-CPET cohort suggesting expansion of CPET selection criteria may be needed. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
THU0151 Disease Duration and Year of Publication Affect the Results of Studies on Rheumatoid Arthritis Damage Progression by Biologic Agents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: E. G. Favalli, M. Biggioggero, F. Pregnolato, P. L. Meroni
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Direct head-to-head comparisons among all available biologic agents for efficacy on damage progression in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have not been conducted. <h3>Objectives</h3> To indirectly compare the 12 months effects of available biologic agents in slowing RA radiographic progression. <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review of literature of randomised, double-blind, controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating RA radiographic progression as a primary or secondary endpoint was conducted from Jan 1995 to May 2012. Radiographic progression from baseline, heterogeneity, and effect size (ES [95% CI]) were calculated through a mixed-effect model. Treatment with methotrexate (MTX-experienced or MTX-naïve) before study enrollment and period of study enrolment (PoE) were used as moderators. <h3>Results</h3> The PubMed search resulted in 183 references and 14 were eligible for the meta-analysis (the first in 2000, the last in 2011). The analysis of study distribution in ES forest plots showed in both subgroups a high correlation between the study PoE and the impact of biological therapy (figure). In MTX-naïve subgroup, ES was statistically lower for infliximab compared with etanercept (P=0.003), abatacept (P&lt;0.001), rituximab (P=0.001), and golimumab (P=0.023). In the MTX-experienced subgroup, ES was statistically lower for infliximab and etanercept versus abatacept (P&lt;0.001 both) and golimumab (P&lt;0.001 and P=0.018, respectively), and for adalimumab versus abatacept (P&lt;0.001). <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> PoE deeply influences study population propensity to radiographic progression in each trial. This finding does not allow the indirect comparison of various biologic agents, despite our mixed-model significantly reduces heterogeneity among RCTs. <h3>References</h3> Rahman MU. Ann Rheum Dis 2011;70:1631–40 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
PROTON-PUMP INHIBITORS REDUCE RISK OF GASTROINTESTINAL EVENTS REGARDLESS OF ASPIRIN DOSE IN PATIENTS REQUIRING DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY: INSIGHTS FROM THE COGENT TRIAL
Authors: Muthiah Vaduganathan, Deepak Bhatt, Byron L. Cryer, Yuyin Liu, Wen-Hua Hsieh, Gheorghe Doros, Marc Cohen, Angel Lanas, Thomas J. Schnitzer, Thomas Shook, Pablo Lapuerta, Mark A. Goldsmith, Loren Laine, Christopher Cannon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
AB0994 Usefulness of Tomosynthesis in the Diagnosis of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: M. Bohgaki, H. Kasahara, Y. Shimizu, T. Hattori, N. Yasojima, T. Kamishima, T. Koike
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Conventional radiography has shown an incremental benefit to assess the condition of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA), however it converts the view of three-dimensional structure to two-dimensional image. Tomosynthesis is a method to produce section imaging with X-ray equipment and allows to providing three-dimensional information at lower doses and lower cost than computed tomography (CT). Recent studies have demonstrated that tomosynthesis is superior to radiography for the detection of bone erosion in patients with RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To clarify the validity of tomosynthesis for evaluation of joint space narrowing and bone erosions in very early RA. <h3>Methods</h3> 24 patients with early RA diagnosed by ACR/EULAR2010 (female 18, male 6), underwent radiography and tomosynthesis of hands and wrists, were included in this study. All of the patients were confidently diagnosed as definitive RA based on ACR 1987 classification criteria for diagnosing RA in the following observations. Mean age was 57.3 years old and mean duration of disease was 3.71 months. One rheumatologist scored joints of the hands and wrists using modified Total Sharp Score from two imaging modalities. <h3>Results</h3> Scores for total joints evaluated were 112 vs 143 for joint space narrowing and 60 vs 142 for bone erosion in radiography and tomosynthesis respectively. The mean erosion scores per patient were 5.91±4.98 (range 0-14) with tomosynthesis, 2.5±4 (range 0-17) with radiography. The mean score was significantly higher with tomosynthesis than with radiography (<i>P</i> &lt;0.005). Using Steinbrocker9s staging system, 11 cases were Stage I and 13 cases Stage II assessed by radiography and 2 cases Stage I and 22 cases Stage II by tomosynthesis. In cases double negative for rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody, 3 cases in 6 were classified as Stage I by radiography, while all 6 cases were classified as Stage II by tomosynthesis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Tomosynthesis is useful for evaluation of bone erosions in patients with early RA. Especially, tomosynthesis contributes more greatly to making a diagnosis of double negative early RA compared to conventional radiography. <h3>References</h3> Canella C, et. Al. Radiology 2011 Aoki T, et. Al. Am J Rhoentgenol. 2014 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3990
AN AUDIT TO EVALUATE THE USE OF THE ALCOHOL FAST SCREENING TOOL IN ACUTE MEDICAL ADMISSIONS IN A DISTRICT GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: N Sagar, C Dibor, R Polson
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> 25% of the UK adult population drink hazardous amounts of alcohol and 30% of male admissions and 15% of female admissions are alcohol related. Similar rates are reported in psychiatric settings demonstrating the significant burden of alcohol within the NHS. Problem drinking is often unrecognised by doctors. The 2011 NICE ‘Alcohol Use Disorders9 guidelines recommend screening for harmful drinking and alcohol dependence to identify patients in need of intervention. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> Our aim was to identify compliance with the alcohol FAST screening tool on admission in all acute adult medical admissions. The FAST tool was developed from AUDIT as a shorter version for hospital environments to detect hazardous drinking. If testing positive, patients will then be referred for brief intervention. <h3>Method</h3> A retrospective review of 74 (23 male, 51 female) patient records from December 2012 to February 2013. <h3>Results</h3> The FAST tool was completed in 37.8% of cases and missed in 62.2% of patients. When used, the tool was completed correctly in 100% of cases. In the 28/74 cases the FAST tool was utilised, 4(14.3%) patients were drinking over the national recommended limit. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite the high prevalence of problem drinking and its impact on health, doctors fail to utilise the screening tool in identifying harmful drinking despite its ease in completion as proven by its accurate use each time. This results in missed referrals for interventions to help prevent alcohol related illness and manage alcohol dependence. Improved staff awareness and education is essential to minimise the harmful consequences of alcohol and reduce hospital admissions.
Abstract 5534: Liposome accumulation within leukemia engrafted bone marrow is significantly enhanced when the formulation contains cytarabine plus daunorubicin
Authors: Sharon A. Johnstone, Sherwin Xie, Troy Harasym, Lawrence Mayer, Paul G. Tardi
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract CPX-351 is a liposome formulation designed to deliver a synergistic, fixed ratio of cytarabine and daunorubicin in vivo. It has been shown to be highly efficacious against a variety of mouse leukemia models and encouraging evidence of anti-leukemic activity has been observed in clinical trials. In this report we investigate liposome biodistribution properties that may contribute to the enhanced efficacy of CPX-351. In order to model bone marrow leukemia development, we utilized the human leukemia CCRF-CEM tumor which has been shown to efficiently engraft to the bone marrow of SCID Rag2M mice. Liposomes were prepared in the presence or absence of cytarabine and daunorubicin to compare the plasma clearance and biodistribution to bone marrow, liver, lung, spleen and kidney following multiple treatments. The plasma clearance of empty liposomes and CPX-351 were similar in both leukemia and non-leukemia bearing mice. Both liposomal formulations had similar organ distribution profiles in the presence or absence of leukemia; however lipid delivery to the bone marrow was markedly augmented by the presence of encapsulated drug. Accumulation of CPX-351 lipid in the bone marrow was 20 to 50% higher than for empty liposomes and this phenomenon was further enhanced in leukemia bearing mice. Leukemia-laden bone marrow accumulated 75% more CPX-351 lipid than the empty liposomes on the first injection and accumulation increased an additional 20% with subsequent injections. We attribute the increased efficacy of CPX-351 over the free drug cocktail of cytarabine and daunorubicin to elevated exposure of the tumor tissue to chemotherapeutic agents. This increased exposure is not only due to the prolonged circulation of the drug in the liposomes, but also due to the increased bone marrow uptake of the liposomes when drugs are present. Additionally the lipid accumulation is further increased with successive treatments of the leukemia. The results suggest that the liposomal drugs alter either the bone marrow microenvironment or resident cell populations in a manner that facilitates subsequent uptake and/or retention of CPX-351. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5534.
732 SARCOPENIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH CIRRHOSIS AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: J. Meza-Junco, A.J. Montano-Loza, C.M. Prado, J.R. Lieffers, V.E. Baracos, V.G. Bain, M.B. Sawyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
PWE-231 MRI is correlated to faecal calprotectin level in the evaluation of small bowel and colonic Crohn's disease
Authors: J Makanyanga, D Pendse, E Atkins, A Menys, S Bloom, S McCartney, S Punwani, S Halligan, S Taylor
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Crohn9s disease management requires knowledge of overall disease burden. A new MRI score of Crohn9s disease activity was tested against reference standards of global activity—Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI) and faecal calprotectin. <h3>Methods</h3> 34 patients (15 male) median age 33 (range 17–78) with known or suspected Crohn9s disease underwent MR enterography (axial/coronal HASTE, TrueFisp and post gadolinium coronal VIBE/THRIVE at 1.5T (n=24) or 3T (n=10)). Same day HBI questionnaire and faecal calprotectin were measured. Two observers qualitatively graded bowel wall thickness, mural T2 signal, mesenteric oedema, T1 enhancement and colonic haustral loss from 0 (normal) to 3 (most abnormal) for the jejunum, proximal ileum, terminal ileum and colon (six segments). Each individual small bowel and colonic segmental score was multiplied according to the length of disease in that segment (0–5 cm×1, 6–15 cm×1.5, and ≥16 cm×2). For each of: lymphadenopathy, comb sign, abscesses and fistulae a score of 5 was added if present. The relationship between MRI score, calprotectin and HBI was evaluated using Kendall9s rank correlation. <h3>Results</h3> The mean MRI activity score was 15 (range 0–61.5) and was significantly correlated with calprotectin, Kendall9s tau b=0.42, p=0.0009, but not with HBI, Kendall9s tau b=0.006, p=1. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Global Crohn9s disease activity measured using a qualitative MRI score is correlated to the faecal calprotectin level. MRI is useful for the global assessment of Crohn9s disease activity. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Abstract 3817: Initial characterization of the prolactin-inducible protein (PIP) null mouse suggests an immunomodulatory role for mPIP
Authors: Behzad Yeganeh, Anne Blanchard, Andreea Nistor, Yvonne Myal
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Mouse prolactin-inducible protein (mPIP) is the homologue of the human PIP which is a known marker of both malignant and benign human breast cancer. PIP is shown to be highly expressed and secreted by submandibular, lacrimal and salivary glands. Secreted PIP in saliva has been shown to bind to bacteria suggesting that PIP may play a role in innate host defence. Furthermore, human PIP was shown to be a ligand of the CD4 molecule of T lymphocytes, acting as a potential inhibitor of T cell apoptosis suggesting a role in immune host defence. To address the role of mPIP in innate and adaptive host defence, we generated a PIP knockout mouse (PIP−/−) by targeted gene disruption. Histological as well as physiological and behavioural analyses were used to study the phenotype of these mice. Microarray was also conducted to assess the global effect of mPIP abrogation on gene expression in submandibular glands. PIP−/− mice develop normally with no obvious phenotypic differences that distinguish them from wild-type siblings. However, some adult mutant mice exhibit increased proliferative activity in lymphoid tissues, evident with enlarged submandibular lymph nodes. Light microscopy of these submandibular lymph nodes revealed activated germinal centres with an increased number of immune cells displaying high mitotic and apoptotic rates. Additional analyses showed enlarged medullary regions in the thymus of some PIP−/− mice populated with mature lymphocytes and lymphocytic aggregations within the prostate lobes. As well, analysis of blood cell profiles revealed significant increased in the number of monocytes (p&amp;lt;0.005, n=6) in PIP−/− mice compared to their corresponding littermates. Microarray analysis of gene expression of the submandibular gland of PIP−/− mice also showed differential expression of multiple genes such as Xiap, Dmtf1, Runx1t1, Ccnb2, Notch4, Zeb2 genes which have been shown to be associated with immune disease, cancer and cell survival. In summary our data suggests a role for mPIP in modulation of adaptive and innate immune response in mice. Furthermore, our microarray analysis has revealed novel potential genes and pathways involved in mPIP signalling. (Supported by: Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada) Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3817.