tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P1-01-14: Effects of axillary lymph node dissection on survival of patients with sentinel lymph node metastasis of breast cancer in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database using a propensity score matching analysis
Authors: S Bendifallah, E Chereau, C Bezu, C Coutant, R Rouzier
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: In two randomized trials, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) did not significantly affect overall or disease-free survival of patients with a positive sentinel lymph node (SLN). These two trials closed early without the targeted enrollment questioning a lack of sufficient power. In retrospective observational studies, patients receive treatment according to tumor and patient (age, health status) factors and thus biasing the comparisons. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis has been proposed as an alternative method to adjust for confounding factors with a statistical advantage over the standard methods of confounder adjustment. The method involves generation of a propensity score for each subject which is an estimate of the conditional probability of receiving a treatment given a set of known covariates. Propensity scores are used to reduce selection bias by equating groups based on these covariates. Objective: To evaluate whether patients with SLN metastasis of breast cancer who underwent complete ALND demonstrate improved survival in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database using a propensity score matching. Methods: The study population comprised 21073 patients. The 5-year cause-specific survival was tested, in order to examine the survival impact of complete lymphadenectomy by using propensity score matching analysis. The propensity scores to determine the conditional probability of receiving ALND were generated using logistic regression model. Patients were then matched using the propensity score by an optimal matching algorithm. Results: The PSM was based on age, race, region of diagnosis, tumor type and grade, tumor size, nodal status (micrometastasis vs macrometastasis) and hormone receptor status. It generated a balanced, matched cohort (3229 patients in each group) in which baseline characteristics were not significantly different. Five-year overall survival was 96.9% (95% CI 96.1–97.6%) in the ALND group and 94.0 (95% CI 92.6–95.4%) in the SLN biopsy alone group. The benefit of complete lymphadenectomy was significant: p = 0.028. Conclusion: Using PSM analysis, our results show evidence of benefit for ALND in case of metastatic sentinel lymph node. The results of randomized trials demonstrating no benefit for ALND may not been generalizable. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-14.
COMPLICACIONES GRAVES DE LA SEDACIÓN CON PROFOFOL SEGÚN EL TIPO DE PROCEDIMIENTO ENDOSCÓPICO
Authors: F González-Huix Llado, M Figa Francesch, M Alburquerque Miranda, M Pérez Contreras
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: Las complicaciones de la sedación dirigida por el Endoscopista y Asistida por una Enfermera (SDEAE) dependerían del tipo de exploración realizada. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia Complicaciones Graves de la Sedación (CGS) en relación al tipo de exploración endoscópica realizada. Métodos: Registro prospectivo durante 10 años de SDEAE utilizando propofol. Registramos las CGS: bradicardia < 40 lx', taquicardia > 150 lx', hipotensión sistólica grave (< 70 mmHg), HTA sistólica grave (> 250 mmHg), desaturación grave (< 70%), laringoespasmo, broncoaspiración, convulsiones, paro cardiorespiratorio y éxitus; necesidad de ventilación con balón (Ambu®) intubación endotraqueal y desfibrilación. Resultados: En 27971 procedimientos se presentaron CGS en 251 pacientes (0,9%): Edad 59,4 ± 16,4; 40,6% mujeres.
Plaies opératoires complètes de la voie biliaire principale: reconstruction extra-anatomique par rendez-vous radio-endoscopique
Authors: G Donatelli, BM Vergeau, S Derhy, T Tuszynski, JL Dumont, B Meduri
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Les lésions iatrogènes de la voie biliaire principale (VBP) au cours de la chirurgie hépatobiliaire ouverte ou cœlioscopique ont une incidence très variable en fonction du type de chirurgie (hépatectomie 0,5 – 30%, cholecystectomie 0,1 – 0,6%). En cas de solution de continuité de la VBP, la reprise chirurgicale est la règle. Elle consiste en une réparation directe de la plaie, soit par suture termino-terminale de la VBP, soit par anastomose hépatico-jejunale sur anse en Y. Cependant cette chirurgie réparatrice est grevée d'un fort taux de morbidité. Notre étude rétrospective porte sur la reconstruction de la VBP après Rendez-Vous radio endoscopique Extra Anatomique (RV-EA) et la mise en place de prothéses biliaires.
Codon usage and the origin of P elements
Authors: J. R. Powell, J. M. Gleason
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

Codon usage in Drosophila is highly variable both from gene to gene within a species as well as within a gene between species (Shields et al. 1988; Starmer and Sullivan 1989; Sharp and Lloyd 1993). An extreme shift in codon usage for the same gene among species was documented for Alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh) between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila willistoni (Anderson, Carew, and Powell 1993). The major shift occurred for codons that are twofold redundant and can use C or U (T) in the third position. In D. melanogaster Adh, as well as generally in this species, the C-ending codons predominate, whereas in D. willistoni Adh, all such codon families shift to using predominantly U. Two more genes have now been sequenced in D. willistoni and at least based on these three genes, this shift seems to be characteristic of the species (table 1). While the transposable P element was first discovered in D. melanogaster, it has been strongly suggested that it may have originated in D. willistoni and have been acquired by D. melunogaster by horizontal transfer (Daniels et al. 1990; Kidwell 1993; Clark, Maddison, and Kidwell 1994). Here we ask the question as to whether the codon usage pattern of the one protein-coding gene in P elements (the transposase) is more similar to that characteristic of D. melanogaster or D. willistoni. Table 1 summarizes the patterns. The P element has a codon usage pattern more similar to D. willistoni than to D. melanogaster. It is important to point out that the data for the P element shown in this table is for a copy isolated from D. meZunogaster; P element sequences in D. willistoni are greater than 99% identical at the nucleotide level (Clark, Maddison, and Kidwell 1994), so codon usage for copies from this latter species is virtually identical. For the six amino acids with two codons that differ by ending in C or U the sample sizes are sufficient to perform statistical tests (G-tests) to determine if the genes differ significantly in codon usage. (Amino acids with more than two codons often have cells with zeros and it is not clear how to combine cells, so we have not performed similar tests for these cases.) Table 2 shows the results. P element codon usage is
ME-16 * IS AQUAPORIN4 (AQP4) INVOLVED IN ADULT HUMAN MEDULLOBLASTOMA DISSEMINATION OR IN A BENEFICIAL BARRIER FORMATION?
Authors: B. Pollo, S. Mazzetti, M. Patane, C. Calatozzolo, F. Di Meco, A. Silvani
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Medulloblastoma (MDB) is a highly malignant embryonal brain tumor located in the cerebellum with tendency to leptomeningeal dissemination, common in children, rare in adults. Recent genetic analysis suggested classification into four subgroups according to gene expression profiles, including the Wingless signaling pathway-activated group (WNT group), the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway-activated group (SHH group), group 3and 4, with distinct molecular, clinicopathological, and prognostic characteristics. AQP4 is the main water channel in the normal central nervous system (CNS) responsible for salt and water balance maintaining. When the blood-brain barrier become disrupted, as in gliomas, water moves from the vasculature into the extracellular space in an AQP4-independent manner, down a hydrostatic gradient to form a vasogenic edema. Moreover, AQPs have a role promoting tumor progression, cell migration and metastasis. Aim of our study was to evaluate for the first time AQP4 expression in adult MDB to focus its role in edema, tumor invasion and dissemination. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry AQP4 expression in 40 adult MDBs, also investigated for GAB1, ß-catenin, filamin-A, NPR3, according to molecular subgroups. Desmoplastic histology and Sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway activation were more common feature, with GAB-1 and filamin-A expression. Only one case showed nuclear staining for ß-catenin. None expressed NPR3. In classical MDB, AQP4 staining was localized in glial endfoot surrounding tumor vessels. This AQP4 distribution was lost in the desmoplastic type, where the nodular areas were negatives, surrounded by glial elements AQP4 intensely stained. In the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex in the tumor proximity in classic type MDB it has been observed migrating tumor cells along glial processes AQP4 stained. This finding was mainly observed in patients with early dissemination. These observations could suggest a role for AQP4 in adult MDB, not only in brain tumor edema resolution, but also in leptomeningeal dissemination.
Abstract 5244: Genistein's anti-invasion and anti-metastatic effects are linked to decreases in the expression of several different gene in Human prostate cancer that regulate metastatic behavior
Authors: Xiao Ke Huang, Raymond Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Genistein has been shown by our group to inhibit Human prostate cancer (PCa) cell invasion in vitro and metastasis in vivo. Related studies demonstrate that endoglin (ENG), a TGF b superfamily receptor, suppresses invasion via activation of Smad 1, and that Genistein therapeutically compensated for endoglin loss by activating Smad 1 signaling. The mechanisms underlying these effects by Genistein are not clear. We hypothesized that they resulted from effects by genistein upon multiple genes that together regulate metastatic behavior. Methods: PC3M cells were treated or not with 10uM Genistein × 3 days, RNA was isolated, treated with DNAse, and effects upon gene expression were screened for using SAbiosciences metastasis specific and extracellular matrix and adhesion molecule specific gene expression array platforms. Array experiments were performed 2-3 separate times. Positive array findings were then evaluated by real time qRT/PCR, using gene-specific primer/probe sets. These experiments were performed 3 separate times. A student's T-test P-value&amp;lt;/= 0.05 was required. Results: Genistein significantly decreased MMP2, MMP10 and MMP 13 by 2.81, 3.98 and 4.87 fold, respectively, on the metastasis array, and decreased MMP1, MMP10, MMP13 and SPARC (osteonectin) by 2.29, 3.25, 5.36 and 3.57 fold, respectively, on the matrix /adhesion array. With qRT/PCR, Genistein decreased MMP1, MMP2, MMP10, MMP13 and SPARC by 2.13, 2.17, 4.43, 6.82 and 2.57 fold, respectively. We then treated previously characterized stably engineered ENG human PCa cell lines. Hi-ENG, vector control (VC) and NO-ENG, with Genistein or not, followed by qRT/PCR, ENG expression did not alter gene expression in a consistent fashion. Importantly, ENG status had no effect upon Genistein's ability to decrease the expression of any of the five genes. Conclusions: We demonstrate for the first time that Genistein inhibit MMP1, MMP2, MMP10, MMP13 and SPARC gene expression. Also, Genistein's effect upon these genes is not dependent upon the endoglin pathway. Further, endoglin does not appear to regulate these genes. Finally these data support the notion that Gensitein's anti-invasion and anti-metastatic actions result from effects upon several genes that together affect invasive and metastatic behavior. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5244. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5244
Rectovesical fistula treated by glue injection plus endoclipping technique
Authors: P. Katsinelos, S. Gkagkalis, G. Chatzimavroudis, C. Zavos, J. Kountouras
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 74-year-old man was referred to our department for endoscopic evaluation and treatment of a rectovesical fistula. He had undergone prostatectomy for early prostate cancer 2 weeks previously. Postoperatively, he had developed pneumaturia and dysuria; computed tomography (CT) had revealed a rectovesical fistula.
AB0061 Hydrogen Sulfide Reduces IL-1β-Induced Activation of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes from Patients with Osteoarthritis
Authors: D. Sieghart, H. Kiener, B. Klösch, G. Steiner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β is among the critical steps mediating aberrant degenerative processes in which activated fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play a pivotal role [1-3]. <h3>Objectives</h3> Since hydrogen sulfide (H<sub>2</sub>S) seems to positively manipulate cells that are affected during degenerative joint disease [4], it was the objective of this study to investigate the effects of exogenous H<sub>2</sub>S on IL-1β-activated FLS. <h3>Methods</h3> Primary cell lines derived from FLS of patients with OA were used throughout this study. The effects of IL-1β and NaHS treatment on the phosphorylation of MAP kinases were analyzed by proteome profiler array covering 26 different kinases. The secretion of IL-6 was monitored by ELISA in cell culture supernatants from cultured FLS treated with NaHS. In addition, FLS were grown in 3-dimensional extracellular matrix micromass cultures, stimulated with IL-1β and treated with NaHS. <h3>Results</h3> NaHS treatment significantly reduced spontaneous and IL-1β-induced IL-6 production. Data from human phospho-MAPK proteome profiler array revealed that IL-1β upregulated the phosphorylation of several MAPkinases but decreased the amount of p-Akt. Remarkably, NaHS treatment inhibited the IL-1β-induced activation of MAPkinases and induced the phosphorylation of Akt. FLS micromass cultures stimulated with IL-1β developed a hyperplastic lining layer-like structure and treatment with NaHS almost completely inhibited this process. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results propose anti-inflammatory properties of hydrogen sulfide on activated synovial fibroblasts that result from selective manipulation of the MAPkinase and the PI3K/Akt pathway. <h3>References</h3> Fernandes, JC, J Martel-Pelletier, and JP Pelletier, The role of cytokines in osteoarthritis pathophysiology. Biorheology, 2002. 39(1-2): p. 237-46. Roman-Blas, JA, DG Stokes, and SA Jimenez, Modulation of TGF-beta signaling by proinflammatory cytokines in articular chondrocytes. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2007. 15(12): p. 1367-77. Smith, MD, S Triantafillou, A Parker, et al., Synovial membrane inflammation and cytokine production in patients with early osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol, 1997. 24(2): p. 365-71. Francon, A and R Forestier, [Spa therapy in rheumatology. Indications based on the clinical guidelines of the French National Authority for health and the European League Against Rheumatism, and the results of 19 randomized clinical trials]. Bull Acad Natl Med, 2009. 193(6): p. 1345-56. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.3609
The Mechanism of Increased Intracranial Pressure Induced by Morphine
Authors: Arthur S. Keats, John C. Mithoefer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

MORPHINE produces a rise in cerebrospinal-fluid pressure1 that is particularly dangerous in patients with pre-existing intracranial hypertension. It has been suggested that changes in pressure resulting from a variety of anesthetic drugs are secondary to their effects on pulmonary ventilation.2 , 3 The availability of nalorphine,§ an effective morphine antagonist, has allowed a new approach to the problem of the mechanism by which this increase in intracranial pressure occurs. The following work was designed to study this mechanism, and the results support the hypothesis that elevations of cerebrospinal-fluid pressure after therapeutic doses of morphine are secondary to elevation of arterial carbon dioxide . . .
PMO-192 A retrospective comparison of the performance of Olympus Q series colonoscopes and Pentax HiLine at screening colonoscopy: Abstract PMO-192 Table 1
Authors: A Chernolesskiy, D Swain, J Lee, G Corbett, E A B Cameron
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is a small rate of interval cancer after colonoscopy partly due to incomplete lesion detection during the procedure. Some studies have shown superior lesion detection with improved endoscopic image quality and enhancement<sup>1 2</sup> with one suggesting a 50% increase in polyp detection with Pentax HiLine (PH) over Olympus Lucera series (OL) colonoscopes. We have compared the performance of these two systems. <h3>Methods</h3> All complete bowel cancer screening colonoscopies performed by a single endoscopist between 18 March 2010 and 27 September 2011 in faecal occult blood test positive patients (n=483) were analysed for insertion/withdrawal time, patient comfort/sedation doses and lesion detection (total polyps, adenomas, advanced, right sided). Comparisons were made between OL (white light) and PH (white light high definition on insertion, i-scan 1 on withdrawal). Differences between groups were analysed using either the Mann–Whitney U test or χ<sup>2</sup> test. <h3>Results</h3> Completion rates were similar (OL 413/425; 97.2% and PH 55/58; 94.9%, p=0.24). The two groups were matched for age and sex. Adenoma detection rates were comparable (49% vs 56%, p=0.38). There was no significant difference in terms of mean insertion time, withdrawal time in normal colonoscopies, total numbers of polyps, adenomas, proximal adenomas or advanced adenomas (&gt;1 cm, villous, with high grade dysplasia or containing cancer). The sample size gave an 88% power to detect the higher polyp detection rate detected previously.<sup>2</sup> There was a small statistically significant increase in nurse reported patient discomfort with PH (0.5 vs 1, p&lt;0.0001—none=0, minimal=1, mild=2, moderate=3, severe=4) with higher requirements for Midazolam and similar Fentanyl doses. <h3>Conclusion</h3> In this uncontrolled single endoscopist series in a homogenous group of patients, there did not appear to be a significant benefit of one system over the other in terms of procedure duration or lesion recognition. PH colonoscopes did appear to lead to a slight increase in patient discomfort and sedation requirements. A randomised controlled trial is required to establish the relative performances of these systems. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Hoffman A</b>, <i>et al.</i><i>Endoscopy</i> 2010;<b>42</b>:827–33. 2. <b>Banks</b>, <i>et al.</i><i>World J Gastroenterol</i> 2011;<b>17</b>:4308–13.
AB0739 Association of Serum Uric Acid Level with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Psoriatic Arthritis Patients
Authors: A.E. Elhewala, E.E.-D. El-Shahawy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> to detect the association of serum uric acid level with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients without clinical evidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the possible value of serum uric acid as an indicator for atherosclerosis in PsA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> thirty PsA patients (group I) and twenty age and sex matched control (group II) were included in this study. All were subjected to; clinical examination, measurements of blood pressure &amp; body mass index and serum uric acid. Carotid B-mode ultrasonography was used for measurements of CIMT and the presence of plaques. <h3>Results</h3> There was highly significant increase in the thickness of CIMT in the PsA patients with HU more than those without HU where means of CIMT in right side were1.01±0.29and 0.67±0.18 and in left side were 0.89±0.34 and 0.61±0.14 in both subgroups respectively (P&lt;0.001), also there was highly significant increase in the frequency of plaques occurrence between both subgroups (P&lt;0.001). A highly significant correlation was detected between CIMT and serum uric acid level in PsA patients (r=0.59, P&lt;0.001). Serum uric acid had the highest CVD prediction validity at CIMT &gt;0.9 mm as we found that the best cut-off value was at 7.3 mg/dl with estimated 85% Sensitivity and 65% specificity <h3>Conclusions</h3> Serum uric acid is an independent risk factor aggravating subclinical atherosclerosis found in PsA patients. Uric acid could be a new potential marker for prediction of microvascular endothelial dysfunction in PsA patients. <h3>References</h3> Ramonda R, Lo Nigro A, Modesti V, Nalotto L, Musacchio E, Iaccarino L, et al. Atherosclerosis in psoriatic arthritis. Autoimmunity Reviews 2011;10:773-778. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1182
Abstract 5679: Differential phosphorylation of EGFR in response to PUFA supplementation
Authors: Karla Hernandez, Kristina R. Rogers, Keith D. Kikawa, Michael Mouradian, Ronald S. Pardini
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) is a 170 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein responsible for the initiation of a variety of cellular signaling cascades governing cell proliferation and survival, which are initiated by specific phosphorylation sites in its tyrosine-kinase domain (TKD). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) that has been demonstrated to have positive effects on human health, including the inhibition of tumor growth in various cancer cell lines, both in vivo and in vitro. Preliminary data in our laboratory has shown that supplementation with both DHA, and the omega-6 PUFA, linoleic acid (LA), are capable of upregulating total EGFR phosphorylation in the TKD. Subsequent investigations have identified that increased EGFR phosphorylation in DHA treatments is largely due to enhanced phosphorylation at one particular site, the tyrosine 1068 residue. However, because EGFR has numerous activation sites, a systematic evaluation of the changes in EGFR phosphorylation upon supplementation with DHA and LA is necessary. The current research demonstrates specific EGFR phosphorylation events that are altered by PUFA supplementation. This data will provide critical insight into how PUFAs may be exerting some of the many other signaling changes that have been associated with their use (i.e. decreased p38, MAPK, pAkt, etc.). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5679.