tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association analysis of psoriasis vulgaris and psoriatic arthritis with loss‐of‐function mutations in <i> <scp>IL</scp> 36 <scp>RN</scp> </i> in German patients
Authors: S. Löhr, S. Uebe, F. Behrens, B. Böhm, M. Köhm, H. Traupe, V. Oji, H. Burkhardt, A. Reis, U. Hüffmeier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)
PTH-054 Ercp in Patients with Mildly Raised Alkaline Phosphatase and Normal Biliary Imaging
Authors: S Ghazanfar, S Qureshi
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Serum alkaline phosphatase levels in adults range between 20 and 120 U/L. When bone disease is excluded, an elevation suggests biliary obstruction, injury to the bile duct epithelium, or cholestasis. The mechanism for an elevated alkaline phosphatase has been related to enhanced synthesis and to release from cell membranes by the detergent action of retained bile salts. When there is partial biliary obstruction, the alkaline phosphatase will be elevated but the patient may not itch and the serum bilirubin will be normal. In high-grade total biliary obstruction, jaundice and itching will also be present. However, the significance of an isolated mild elevation of alkaline phosphatase (less than 1.5 to 2 times the upper limits of normal) has undergone only limited investigation. Only a few studies have investigated the significance of a mild, isolated elevation of alkaline phosphatase. Because 1% to 9% of people without symptoms have elevated liver enzymes, extensive evaluation of all abnormal test results would expose many patients to undue risks and expenses. On the other hand, failure to evaluate minor liver enzyme elevations could mean missing the early diagnosis of potentially treatable disorders.keeping this in mind we decided to look at the ERCP findings in patients with raised alkaline phosphatase levels in patients with cholelithiasis but with normal CBD status on imaging. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective descriptive study was conducted at Surgical Unit 4 of Civil Hospital Karachi, over a period of 5 yrs, from August 2006 to July 2012. Sixty five patients with altered LFT's in terms of raised alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin and normal biliary tract on imaging were included in the study. Informed consent was taken from all patients and permission from hospital ethical committee was sought. All patients underwent standard ERCPs. And the findings and clinical data were entered on the special ercp database. Results were analysed using spss version 19 <h3>Results</h3> A total of 65 patients were included in the study. Mean age of study population was: 42.75+13.84 (20–75 yrs). Mean bilirubin level was :1.04 + 1.03 (00.0–4.59). Mean alkaline phosphatase : 168.98+ 73.259 (110–714) Ercp findings: Normal 50 pts (76.9%) Stones 10 pts (15.4%) Stricture 1 pt (1.5%) Failed ercps: 4 pts (6.2%) subsequently lost to followup Successful duct clearance was achieved in 9 pts (13.8%) stents were placed in 2 pts (3.1%) <h3>Conclusion</h3> A minimally raised alkaline phosphatase may be associated with biliary obstruction as 15.4% patients in this study had choledocholithiasis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Abstract 3718: Well-done meat intake and meat-derived mutagen exposures in relation to breast cancer risk: The Nashville Breast Health Study
Authors: Zhenming Fu, Sandra L. Deming, Alecia M. Fair, Martha J. Shrubsole, Debra M. Wujcik, Xiao-ou Shu, Mark C. Kelley, Zheng Wei
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Previous studies of the association of meat intake and meat-derived mutagen exposure with breast cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. We evaluated this association in a population-based case-control study of incident breast cancer conducted in Nashville,TN, United States, including 2,386 breast cancer cases and 1,703 healthy women controls. Telephone interviews were conducted to obtain information related to meat intake including amount, cooking methods, and doneness levels, as well as other known or hypothesized risk factors for breast cancer. Unconditional logistic regression was used to derive odds ratios (ORs) after adjusting for potential confounders. High intake of red meat was associated with a significantly elevated risk of breast cancer (P-trend &amp;lt;0.001). The association was particularly strong for high intake of well-done red meat (P-trend &amp;lt;0.001), with an adjusted OR of 1.5 (95% CI = 1.3-1.9) for the highest versus the lowest quartile. Associations between red meat and breast cancer risk were stronger for postmenopausal women than for premenopausal women. Meat-derived mutagens such as 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx), were significantly associated with increased breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women only (P-trend = 0.002 and 0.003, respectively). The results from this study provide strong support for the hypotheses that high red meat intake and meat-derived mutagen exposure may be associated with an increase in breast cancer risk. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3718. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3718
Complete endoscopic management of tubular esophageal duplication in a young woman
Authors: N. Tahri, L. Mnif, L. Chtourou, M. Boudabbous, K. Yaïch, H. Fourati, Z. Mnif, A. Amouri
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 29-year-old woman was referred to our department for endoscopic dilation of upper esophageal stricture. Dilation was performed with Savary–Gilliard dilators allowing the passage with resistance of a standard flexible video gastroscope (EG-201FP; Fujinon, Willich, Germany). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a double esophageal lumen at 18 cm from the incisors. A thick bridge of intact mucosa separated the two lumens ([Fig. 1]). The passage of the endoscope through the second lumen was not possible. At 32 cm, a distal defect was also found. A barium esophagogram and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed esophageal tubular duplication ([Fig. 2] and [Fig. 3]).
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy of Evolving Spontaneous Biliary Leak
Authors: Lesley Flynt, Paul Grant, John P. Seitz, Feng Qing
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

The patient is a 44-year-old woman with Crohn's disease, who presented to the ED with abdominal pain. Initial imaging by CT and US showed mild biliary tree dilatation, mild gallbladder distension, and pericholecystic fluid. The cystic and common bile ducts were patent without bile leak on cholescintigraphy. The next day, MRCP revealed free fluid extending from the gallbladder fossa to the right lower quadrant. Subsequently, a repeat cholescintigraphy was performed which was positive for bile leak. This case highlights the use of multiple imaging modalities in assessing abdominal pain, pre-and post-biliary leak.
The Prevalence of Illicit-Drug or Alcohol Use during Pregnancy and Discrepancies in Mandatory Reporting in Pinellas County, Florida
Authors: Ira J. Chasnoff, Harvey J. Landress, Mark E. Barrett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Florida is one of several states that have sought to protect newborns by requiring that mothers known to have used alcohol or illicit drugs during pregnancy be reported to health authorities. To estimate the prevalence of substance abuse by pregnant women, we collected urine samples from all pregnant women who enrolled for prenatal care at any of the five public health clinics in Pinellas County, Florida (n = 380), or at any of 12 private obstetrical offices in the county (n = 335); each center was studied for a one-month period during the first half of 1989. Toxicologic screening for alcohol, opiates, cocaine and its metabolites, and cannabinoids was performed blindly with the use of an enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique; all positive results were confirmed.
Abstract LB-386: The role of neuronal connexins in the differentiation of neuroblastoma
Authors: Mandeep Sidhu, Daniel Belliveau
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Gap junctions are membrane channels allowing intercellular communication between adjacent cells, and regulate cellular processes such as metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation. Connexins (Cx), the constituent proteins of gap junctions, are aberrantly localized or have decreased expression in many cancers, and some connexins act as tumor suppressors when overexpressed. Connexins are also highly regulated during development and when overexpressed, some have been shown to enhance cellular differentiation. In the present study, the role of neuronal connexins, Cx36 and Cx45, in the differentiation of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells was investigated. Retinoic acid was used as the differentiating agent, as it is often employed in differentiation therapy of tumor cells. Retinoic acid induces neuritogenesis and expression of differentiation markers, such as growth associated protein 43 (Gap43), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and neuron specific enolase (NSE) in SH-SY5Y cells. Following 2, 4, and 10 days of retinoic acid induced differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells, Cx36 mRNA expression showed a significant increase compared to non-treated cells, while Cx45 mRNA expression remained stable. Cx36 was overexpressed using liposome-mediated transfection, and an increase in the mRNA levels of Gap43, NSE, and NPY was observed after 48 hours compared to control EGFP transfected cells. Cx36 overexpression also enhanced retinoic acid induced differentiation, as evidenced by the increase in mRNA expression of differentiation markers, Gap43 and NPY, following 2 days of treatment, and will now be confirmed following 4 and 10 days of treatment. Therefore, Cx36 overexpression induces and enhances the differentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Current studies involve knocking down Cx36 and Cx45 with shRNA and inducing differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells to determine whether connexin knock down diminishes neuritogenesis or differentiation marker expression. These studies provide insight into the role of connexins in the differentiation therapy approach to cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-386.
P157 Follow-up of pulmonary nodules: following the fleischner radiology guidelines
Authors: S. Selvaraj, L. Parry, K. Garbett, J. McAdam, T. R. Naicker, K. S. Srinivasan, H. Moudgil
Journal: Thorax (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> 0.1% of chest films and 1% of chest CT show incidental pulmonary nodule(s). While some of these are acted on immediately, others are followed up where the nodules are small and there are no risk factors (never smokers, age &lt;35 years, other malignancies). Fleischner Society recommends interval CT follow-up of pulmonary nodules [MacMahon H <i>et al</i>, Radiology 2005], but whether we adhere to these is uncertain and presently we report our practices based on this. <h3>Methods</h3> Over a 4-year period to July 2009, 145 of all cases discussed at our lung multidisciplinary (MDT) meeting had a pulmonary nodule(s). They are either considered for immediate action or subsequent follow-up. Mean (SD, range) year age for this cohort was 65 (11.04, 37 to 86) of which 82 were male and 63 female. Nodules were classified as single or multiple, and by initial size of the largest nodule where multiple. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 145 cases, 97 had single nodule and 48multiple. Of these, respectively (n=absolute number) these were =4 mm (13), &gt;4–6 mm (20), &gt;6–8 mm (22), &gt;8 mm (87) with do data in three. There were no follow-up data for 14, of whom 7 had refused subsequent follow-up, 4had been discussed at MDT but no more proposed, and three died. Where there were data for follow up, 69 (53%) followed Fleischner9s guidelines on case selection and recommended interval scanning and 62 (47%) did not usually but not exclusively due to delayed imaging intervals. Classification by initial nodule size and whether appropriate follow-up or not and sub-divided by whether malignant or not is shown in the enclosed Abstract P157 table 1 (n=119, six still on active follow-up). Figures include those managed with PET scans whether under taken immediately (11) or later during follow-up (34). Of the entire cohort 28 had malignant disease of which 16 underwent surgery and 12 had an input through oncology. Of these, five had been identified as malignant because of increased size (2) or number (2) or because the nodule was persistent (1) but none had change in attenuation. Other cases where concerns were raised were benign (n=10) but were similarly being considered due to multiplicity of nodules (3), uncertainty (1) and a persistent opacity (1) but exact reasoning was not available in the five others. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Data show that we conform to the Fleischner guidelines in approximately half the cases and these identified 15 who required further specific investigation and of which five had malignant disease. Although this is a small number of those followed up it supports the practice of follow-up but which still needs to better protocol driven.
Abstract A13: Decitabine treatment of c-Myc transformed cancer cells is augmented by the removal of the checkpoint kinase Chk1
Authors: Andreas Höglund, Jonas A. Nilsson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Decitabine, or DacogenTM (also known as 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine), is a FDA approved drug currently in clinical use against myelodysplastic syndrome, a pre-stage of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Decitabine is a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor which causes rapid genome-wide demethylation, reactivating genes silenced during tumorigenesis. We have recently shown that Decitabine is a valid therapeutic agent in treatment of c-Myc transformed tumor cells and that overexpression of c-Myc sensitized mouse embryonic fibroblasts to Decitabine treatment. In vivo modeling using cells overexpressing c-Myc showed a delayed tumor development in animals treated with a single dose of Decitabine. Futhermore, Decitabine treatment was shown to cause DNA damage that was further relayed in a p53-independent manner through the checkpoint kinase Chk1. In the light of this, we decided to combine Decitabine treatment with a commercially available Chk1 inhibitor (SB218078). In this study we show that combinatorial treatment with Chk1 inhibitor and Decitabine augments the separate treatment regimes. Furthermore, we also show that RNAi against Chk1 sensitizes tumor cells from the λ-Myc transgenic mice to Decitabine treatment. This demonstrates the therapeutic possibilities of using Chk1 inhibitors in combination with DNA damage agents in treatment of c-Myc transformed cells. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):A13.
SP0198 Why is cardiovascular training important in people with rheumatic disease?
Authors: H. Dagfinrud
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Exercises have traditionally been recommended as an important part of the management program for people with rheumatic diseases. Due to typical clinical features like stiffness and pain of joints and muscles, the focus of exercise programs has been on improved or maintained flexibility <sup>1</sup>. In line with this, studies show that the majority of patients with rheumatic diseases do their exercises regularly, but low intensity exercises like stretching and walking seem to be the most common activities. It is, however, important to notice that inflammatory rheumatic diseases also are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) <sup>2,3</sup>. Cardio-respiratory fitness is known to have a protective effect against prevalence and mortality of CVD in healthy adults and cardio-vascular training is shown to have the potential of modifying CV risk factors and inflammation in healthy adults and other patient groups <sup>4,5,6</sup>. Despite lack of evidence, it is reasonable to suggest that similar associations exist for people with rheumatic diseases. Therefore, to optimize the beneficial health effects, it is important to include also cardio-vascular training in exercise programs delivered as part of the disease management for people with rheumatic diseases. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 3584: Ethanol and aging promote pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.
Authors: Joseph George, Mutsumi Tsuchishima, Nobuyuki Toshikuni, Takashi Saito, Mikihiro Tsutsumi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background &amp; Aims: Chronic intake of alcohol increases the risk of gastrointestinal and hepatic carcinogenesis. The present study was focused to investigate the incidence and mechanism of pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) during aging and chronic ingestion of alcohol without any additional hepatic injury. Methods: Ethanol was administered to ICR male mice through drinking water for 70 weeks at concentrations of 5% (first week), 10% (next 8 weeks), and 15% thereafter. The animals were sacrificed at 60 weeks and 70 weeks, the livers were examined for hepatic tumors, and evaluated for foci of cellular alteration. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in the liver sections for cytochrome P4502E1 (CYP2E1), 4-hydroxy-nonenal, and proto-oncogene, c-Myc Results: At 60th week, 40% of mice in the ethanol group had visible white nodules (5-10 mm) in the liver, but not in control mice. At 70th week, several larger nodules (5-22 mm) were present in the livers of 50% mice in ethanol group. In control group, one mouse developed a single nodule. All nodules were histologically trabecular HCC composed of eosinophilic and vacuolated cells. In the livers of both control and ethanol group, several foci with cellular alteration were present, which were significantly higher in ethanol group. Staining for CYP2E1, 4-hydroxy-nonenal and c-Myc depicted marked upregulation of all these molecules in the foci of cellular alteration. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that upregulation of CYP2E1 and subsequent production of reactive oxygen species along with the persistent expression of c-Myc play a significant role in the pathogenesis of HCC during chronic ingestion of ethanol. Furthermore, aging is also a risk factor for development of HCC. * Presenting author Citation Format: Joseph George, Mutsumi Tsuchishima, Nobuyuki Toshikuni, Takashi Saito, Mikihiro Tsutsumi. Ethanol and aging promote pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3584. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3584
Case 32-2013
Authors: Kathleen E. Corey, Nitin K. Gupta, Sheela Agarwal, Hong D. Xiao
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 55-year-old woman with a history of autoimmune hepatitis was admitted to this hospital because of increasing lethargy, anorexia, and abdominal pain. On the second day, melena and hypotension developed. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
Splenosis in gastric wall mimicking gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: K. Yang, X. Chen, J. Liu, B. Wu, X. Chen, J. Hu
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

A 42-year-old man attended our outpatient department with melena for 1.5 years and vague epigastric pain for 2 days. He had a history of splenectomy because of trauma 17 years ago. Physical examination did not reveal any abdominal mass or enlargement of Virchow's lymph nodes. A rectal digital examination and blood tests were also unremarkable. Gastroscopy revealed a submucosal mass with a superficial bleeding ulcer in the gastric fundus. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) showed that the structure of the gastric wall was intact but a giant mass was present due to extragastric compression at a few sites. The mass was closely adherent to the gastric wall ([Fig. 1]). Contrast computed tomography (CT) demonstrated an exogenous enhancing mass over the fundus of the stomach approximately 5 cm in size, with a complete mucosal layer and boundaries clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues. No obviously enlarged lymph nodes were seen ([Fig. 2]). Laparotomy revealed a red mass on the gastric wall of the fundus. Partial gastrectomy was carried out, with negative margins established by frozen section examination. Gross inspection of the specimen showed sinusoids on cross-section. Finally, pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of ectopic spleen. The patient had a rapid recovery, with disappearance of his symptoms.
Long-Survivors with Lung Metastases and Kras Mutations Have an Increased Risk to Develop Brain Metastases From Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Federica Zoratto, Fotios Loupakis, Chiara Cremolini, Lisa Salvatore, Marta Schirripa, Carlotta Antoniotti, Federica Marmorino, Giuseppe Campennì, Francesca Bergamo, Vittorina Zagonel, Sara Lonardi, Silverio Tomao, Enrico Cortesi, Giacomo Allegrini, Sara Lucchesi, Manfredi Morvillo, Roberta Savi, Lorenzo Marcucci, Gabriele Minuti, Alfredo Falcone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
AB0687 Th-17 cytokine profile in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
Authors: J. Postępski, K. Pogoda, M. Pyszniak, E. Olesińska, B. Wilczyńska, J. Tabarkiewicz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Th17 cells have recently been identified as important in pathogenesis of chronic arthritis including juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Th17 are highly proinflammatory subset of T cells, characterised by production of interleukin 17 (IL-17/IL-17A). Among members of the IL-17 family designated IL-17A–F, IL-17F is most closely related to IL-17A. IL-17A enhances inflammatory reactions, promotes expansion and recruitment of innate immune cells such as neutrophils. IL-17F induces non-immune cells such as epithelial cells or stromal cells to act proinflammatory. Th17 cells also secrete interleukin-21 (IL-21) and 22 (IL-22). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of our study was to investigate the profile of Th17 cells producing IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22 in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). <h3>Methods</h3> We examined peripheral blood (PB) of 22 patients with JIA (12- female, 9-male) mean age 11±0,7y. Patients were diagnosed according to the ILAR criteria. The type of onset was: oligoarticular – 8, polyarticular – 8, enthesitis related – 6. 8 children submitted to orthopedic surgery acted as a control. The proportion of Th17 cells producing IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-22 was performed with multiparameter flow cytometry at two time points, before treatment and in remission. <h3>Results</h3> In remission a significant decrease of Th17 compared to the acute phase was found. Analysis IL-17 isoforms of Th17 showed a significant decrease in lymphocytes producing IL-17F (IL-17A-/IL-17F +). There was also a decrease in lymphocytes IL-17A+/IL-17F+, but this result did not reach the level of significance (p = 0.08). The proportion of cells producing only IL-17A remained unchanged. It is interesting that we found a significant decrease in the proportion of lymphocytes IL-17A+/IL-17F-/IL-21-/IL-22 +. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study shows that in JIA in remission the proportion of Th17 producing IL-17F significantly decreases. The proportion of cells producing only IL-17A remained unchanged, but with the exception of cells producing IL-22 which deceased in remission. In summary, our results would support the hypothesis that activity of Th17 pathway could correlate with proinflammatory activity of non-immune cells. <h3>References</h3> Nistala K et al. Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism 2008;58:875-887 Omoyinmi E, et al. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2012;51(10):1881-1886 Nistala K, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:14751–14756 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared