tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P5-04-03: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is associated with in situ to invasive transition of basal-like breast cancer
Authors: SY Park, Y Choi, EJ Kim, HE Lee, HJ Lee, E Kang, S-W Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is known to play an important role in breast cancer invasion and metastatic progression and to be associated with cancer stem cells and basal-like subtype. However, its role in the progression of in situ to invasive breast carcinoma is uncertain. To investigate this question, we evaluated the difference in the expression of EMT-related markers between pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive carcinomas according to molecular subtype. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical analyses of EMT-related markers [expression of vimentin, smooth muscle actin (SMA), osteonectin and N-cadherin, translocation of β-catenin and loss of E-cadherin] and breast cancer stem cell markers (CD44+/CD24−, ALDH1) in 320 invasive carcinomas and 179 pure DCIS of breast using tissue microarrays. We also analyzed 39 basal-like invasive cancers with adjacent DCIS component to determine the difference in the expression of EMT-related markers in the invasive and DICS component within individual cases. RESULTS: In invasive carcinomas, vimentin, SMA and osteonectin were highly expressed in basal-like subtype. In addition, loss of E-cadherin and translocation of β-catenin were most frequently found in basal-like subtype. Furthermore, there were positive correlations between the expression of EMT-related markers and stem cell markers (CD44+/CD24- and ALDH1). However, there was no significant difference in the expression of EMT-related markers according to molecular subtype in pure DCIS. When comparing invasive carcinoma with pure DCIS, expression of EMT-related markers was significantly higher in invasive carcinoma than in pure DCIS. Subgroup analysis revealed higher expression of EMT-related markers in invasive carcinoma than in DCIS in basal-like subtype, but not in non-basal-like subtypes. Moreover, in 39 basal-like invasive cancers with adjacent DCIS, expression of mesenchymal markers was increased in invasive component compared to DCIS component. CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed that EMT is an intrinsic characteristic of basal-like subtype and is associated with breast cancer with stem cell phenotype. However, increased expression of EMT-related markers in invasive carcinoma compared to pure DCIS, especially in basal-like subtype, and in the invasive component of basal-like invasive carcinoma with DCIS component also suggests a role of EMT in the transition of in situ- to invasive carcinoma in basal-like breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-03.
Reduction of Coronary Atherosclerosis by Moderate Conditioning Exercise in Monkeys on an Atherogenic Diet
Authors: Dieter M. Kramsch, Anita J. Aspen, Bruce M. Abramowitz, Toby Kremendahl, William B. Hood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

All available evidence that exercise may protect against coronary heart disease is circumstantial, and direct evidence is difficult to obtain in human beings. Therefore, we studied the effect of moderate conditioning with treadmill exercise on developing coronary-artery disease in monkeys on an atherogenic diet. Physical training was demonstrated by slow heart rates. Serum total cholesterol was the same (approximately 600 mg per deciliter or 15.5 mmol per liter) in exercising and non-exercising monkeys, with significantly higher high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and much lower triglyceride and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) plus very-low-density-lipoprotein (VLDL) triglyceride in the exercise group. Ischemic electrocardiographic changes, angiographic signs of coronary-artery narrowing, and sudden death were observed only in non-conditioned monkeys, in which post-mortem examination revealed marked coronary atherosclerosis and stenoses. Exercise was associated with substantially reduced overall atherosclerotic involvement, lesion size, and collagen accumulation; it also produced much larger hearts and wider coronary arteries, further reducing the degree of luminal narrowing. Our data suggest that moderate exercise may prevent or retard coronary heart disease in primates.
Abstract 2646: Genetic determinants of PAH-DNA adduct level and nucleotide excision repair among non-smokers in a high risk area for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Arash Etemadi, Farhad Islami, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, David H. Phillips, Roger Godschalk, Asieh Golozar, Farin Kamangar, Akbar Fazel-Tabar, Akram Pourshams, Paolo Boffetta, Christian C. Abnet, Reza Malekzadeh, Sanford M. Dawsey
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) play a role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in high risk areas where even non-smokers are highly exposed to these compounds. Their early biological effect is the formation of DNA adducts, mediated by phase 1 and 2 pathways and nucleotide excision repair (NER). We aimed at finding a genetic model to explain inter-individual variations in PAH-DNA adduct level among people with similar exposures. Methods: In 111 randomly-selected female non-smokers from the Golestan Cohort Study in Iran, 21 SNPs in 14 genes related to xenobiotic metabolism and 13 SNPs in 9 DNA repair genes were studied (Table). NER capacity was evaluated by a comet assay, and DNA adduct level was measured by 32p-postlabelling. Multivariate regression was used to assess the effects of the number of risk alleles, NER capacity, and environmental exposures on the log-transformed PAH-DNA adduct levels. Models were compared by Akaike's information criterion (AIC). Results: Mean PAH-DNA adduct level was 5.76+3.13 per 108 nucleotides (range: 1.71 - 18.57). The level of PAH-DNA adducts was significantly lower in homozygotes for N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) slow alleles and excision repair cross-complementing (ERCC)-5 T/T genotype, and higher in individuals with myeloperoxidase (MPO) G/G genotype. The sum of risk alleles in these genes had a significant correlation with the log-adduct level (r=0.4, p&amp;lt;0.001). The table shows gene level coefficients for multivariate analysis. The model including environmental exposures, phase 1 SNPs and NER capacity had the best fit (AIC=93.7). NER capacity itself was affected by a polymorphism in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene. Conclusion: We observed a high level of PAH-DNA adducts with great inter-individual variation, which could be best explained by a combination of environmental factors, number of polymorphisms in phase 1 genes and DNA repair capacity. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2646. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2646
Leukemia in Identical Twins
Authors: Howard A. Pearson, Frederick W. Grello, Thomas E. Cone
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

ACUTE leukemia of childhood has thus far defied etiologic definition. Environmental or infectious factors have been suggested as being causes,1 and the occurrence of familial cases has been cited as possibly indicating genetic influences.2 The study of the pattern of diseases as they occur in twins is a recognized method for investigating etiology.3 If genetic influences are strongly operative in a disease both members of a pair of identical twins will usually be affected (concordancy); if both are not usually affected (discordancy), environmental factors are indicated as being etiologically important.Case ReportsTwin A. A 3I/2-year-old boy was first admitted . . .
AB0196 Do patients with early ra and vitamin d deficiency have increased disease activity at the time of diagnosis?
Authors: T. C. Salman Monte, J. Pérez-Ruiz, M. Almirall, S. Sánchez, M. Lisbona
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Asses if there are differences in clinical and biological markers of disease activity in patients with early RA depending on they have vitamin D deficiency or not. Evaluate the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Observational, retrospective study of a cohort of patients with early RA (ACR 1987 classification criteria, with a duration of symptoms less than one year and treatment naïve except for NSAIDs and/or glucocorticoids) who had determination of 25-OH Vitamin D serum levels prior to initiation treatment with a DMARD. Patients had been taken vitamin D supplements were excluded. For each patient demographic (age, gender), clinical (FR U/ml, ACPA U/ml, smoking yes/no, BMI, DAS 28, SDAI, visual pain analog scale VAS 0-10 cm, patient global assessment PGA 0-10cm, HAQ, glucocorticoid treatment) and laboratory (ESR mm/h, CRP mg/dl, 25-OH Vitamin D serum levels ng/ml, PTH (pg/ml) ) parameters were collected. The data were analyzed using SPSS 15.0. <h3>Results</h3> : A total of 96 early RA patients (64 women) were included in the study. 54 (56.2%) had vitamin D deficiency (≤ 20 ng/ml) and 42 patients (44.8%) had serum vitamin D level &gt; 20 ng/ml. 83.3 % of the patients had &lt;30 ng/ml serum vitamin D level (vitamin D insufficiency). There were no statistically significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics, functional disability and some biological parameters of activity between the two groups of patients according to the presence or not of vitamin D deficiency, except that patients with vitamin D deficiency showed lower CRP, RF and ACPA levels (Table 1). No statistically significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency and disease activity (DAS 28, SDAI, ESR) and functional disability (HAQ) was observed. However, vitamin D deficiency was correlated with lower CRP values (r = 0.30, p = 0.002) (Table 2). It was also observed a trend to higher mean VAS pain and PGA in the group of patients with vitamin D deficiency. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our cohort of early RA patients was 56.2%, similar to the data found in other studies (1). No significant correlation was found between vitamin D deficiency and increased disease activity in our series of patients with RA. However, patients with vitamin D deficiency had lower CRP levels although they had more pain and worse disease assessment (PGA). <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Acknowledgments Sergi Mojal. AMIB. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 2292: Loss of hCLCA2 promotes EMT in breast cancer
Authors: Randolph C. Elble, Vijay Walia
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epithelial cells acquire mesenchymal characteristics by undergoing phenotypic and genotypic changes during cancer progression. An early step in the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is the disruption of intercellular connections due to loss of epithelial cadherins. We find that expression of tumor suppressor hCLCA2 is strongly associated with epithelial differentiation and that induction of EMT by mesenchymal transcription factors represses its expression. Moreover, we report here that knockdown of hCLCA2 by RNA interference results in disruption of cell-cell junctions by downregulating E-cadherin. This also imparts invasiveness and anoikis-resistance to epithelial cells but is insufficient to induce full EMT. However, activation of Ras oncogene in combination with hCLCA2 knockdown is sufficient to induce full EMT in vitro. These findings indicate that, like E-cadherin, hCLCA2 is required for epithelial differentiation and suggest that its loss during tumor progression contributes to metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2292.
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF MEDICATION ADHERENCE ON LONG-TERM OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES
Authors: Sameer Bansilal, Henry G. Wei, Jose Castellano, Ester Garrido, Allison N. Freeman, Gines Sanz, Fernando Garcia-Alonso, Claire M. Spettell, Gregory Steinberg, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND MARKERS OF VASCULAR REMODELING AND ANGIOGENESIS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY, HOSPITALIZATIONS AND NT-PROBNP LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Ryan Alexander Davey, Youlan Rao, Kai Shen, Raymond Benza, Amresh Raina
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Abstract ADV15: Survivors teaching students: Saving women's lives program.
Authors: Susan L. Leighton
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Since 2002, the Ovarian Cancer National Alliance has been working to save women's lives by helping health care practitioners learn to diagnose ovarian cancer earlier through the Survivors Teaching Students: Saving Women's Lives® (STS) Program. The program brings ovarian cancer survivors into the classrooms of medical schools, nursing schools, nurse practitioners and physician assistant programs to inform students about real women's experiences with the disease. Each woman who presents has a unique story. These women_many diagnosed at an advanced stage_are in a distinct position to help students become more sensitive to the disease's symptoms and risk factors that, in turn, can result in an earlier diagnosis. The STS program is currently presented in 74 medical schools nationwide, 3 nurse practitioner programs, 12 physician assistant programs, 42 nursing schools and 13 other allied health professional schools across the country. Awareness of symptoms and risk factors is one of the only tools available to women and their physicians which may lead to earlier diagnosis. Evaluation of the Survivors Teaching Students program has revealed that the students who have attended an STS presentation have an increased awareness of the symptoms and risk factors of ovarian cancer and when asked about the program after they entered medical practice, the respondents remembered the information they had learned in these presentations and felt it had impacted the ways in which they treated women presenting with these symptoms. Citation Format: Susan L. Leighton. Survivors teaching students: Saving women's lives program. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr ADV15. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-ADV15
CIERRE ENDOSCÓPICO DE PERFORACIONES DURANTE DSE: EFICACIA Y SEGURIDAD EN MODELO PORCINO VIVO
Authors: A Herreros De Tejada Echanojauregui, C Cueto Moore, JL Calleja Panero, A Garrido Botella, M Santos, F Pons, P Matallanos, E Blazquez, F Tendillo, L Abreu Garcia
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La disección submucosa endoscópica (DSE) se usa en el tratamiento de lesiones neoplásicas precoces. El modelo de entrenamiento animal es útil para aprender la técnica y el manejo endoscópico de complicaciones como la perforación. Objetivo: Analizar el éxito y seguridad del cierre endoscópico de perforaciones en modelo animal de supervivencia tras DSE. Material y Métodos: Se realizó DSE en modelo porcino vivo (sus scrofa) en diferentes localizaciones (esófago, estómago, sigma-recto) utilizando gastroscopios modelos GIF V2/GIF Q145 (Olympus) y diversos modelos de bisturí: IT-knife 2® y Hook-knife®(Olympus); Flush-knife 1.5 BT® (Fujifilm). Los casos con perforación voluntaria o involuntaria fueron tratados endoscópicamente con clips (Resolution Clip®, Boston Scientific; QuickClip®, Olympus) y adminstración profiláctico de antibiótico (ceftriaxona 500 mg iv/im). Resultados: Entre Marzo de 2011 y Julio de 2013 se completaron 16 DSE en 11 animales (peso medio 26,3 Kg) donde hubo al menos 1 foco de perforación. La tasa de resección en bloque fue del 75% y el tiempo medio 87 min (rango 5 – 205). Los casos por localización fueron: Estómago 8 (50%) (4 antro, 3 cuerpo, 1 fundus), Sigma-Recto 7, Esófago 1. Se utilizaron una media de 1,9 clips por cierre, con un éxito inicial del 93% (14/15 intentos). En 2 casos (12%), ambos con perforación gástrica, se produjo muerte precoz: neumoperitoneo a tensión (muerte intraoperatoria) y peritonitis grave a las 72 horas (eutanasia). En los restantes casos no hubo incidencias, realizando sacrificio programado tras seguimiento medio de 22,7 días (3 – 49). Conclusiones: El modelo porcino vivo facilita el aprendizaje del cierre de perforaciones asociadas a DSE, con un alto éxito técnico inicial y excelente curso clínico, incluyendo localizaciones no favorables (esófago y colon-recto). El retraso en el cierre o el desarrollo de peritonitis asociada pueden conducir a complicaciones fatales, incluso en localizaciones teóricamente favorables (estómago).
Abstract 4847: Arginine deprivation by PEG-ADI induces autophagic cell death and enhances the tumor suppression effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Rouzbeh Daylami, Diego Muilenburg, Tawnya L. Bowles, Steve R. Martinez, Richard J. Bold
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Metabolic stress has been recently recognized to induce autophagic cell death; we have recently shown that nearly 80% of pancreatic adenocarcinoma tumor specimens are auxotrophic for the semi-essential amino acid arginine due to transcriptional suppression of argininosuccinate synthase (ASS). We hypothesized that selective arginine deprivation would induce autophagy and furthermore, by targeting alternative death pathways would increase the cytotoxic response to the chemotherapy gemcitabine. Methods: The human pancreatic cell line MIA-PaCa-2 was shown to be deficient in ASS by western blot. Arginine deprivation was achieved by treatment of cells and xenografts with PEG-ADI, which shuttles arginine to citrulline. Cells were treated with either PEG-ADI, gemcitabine or both. Cell death was measured by MTT and FACS. Western blot was used to measure autophagy by LC3 processing and apoptosis by caspase-3 cleavage. RRM2 expression was measured by western blot in cells treated with PEG-ADI. ASS expression was measured by western blot in cells treated with gemcitabine. To test the in vivo effect arginine deprivation a mice xenograft model was created by subcutaneously injecting Mia-PaCa2 cells into the flanks of 28 mice (two tumors per mice). Tumors were allowed to mature at which time the mice were assigned to one of four treatment groups: PBS control (once weekly), ADI-PEG20 (5 IU once weekly), Gemcitabine (125mg/kg twice weekly), or Gemcitabine and ADI-PEG20. All treatments were administered via intraperitoneal injection and tumors were measured twice a week. Results: 1. MIA-PaCa-2 lacks ASS and is auxotrophic for arginine. 2. PEG-ADI induces autophagy and cell death 3. Gemcitabine has little in vitro cytotoxicity 4. The combination of gemcitabine and PEG-ADI is at least additive in vitro and in vivo. 5. PEG-ADI does not regulate RRM2 expression and gemcitabine does not regulate ASS expression. Conclusions: Therapy targeting autophagy may provide increased efficacy for traditional genotoxic chemotherapies in pancreatic cancer. PEG-ADI in combination with gemcitabine is a novel combination to be pursued in clinical trials Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4847.
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Acute Optic Neuritis
Authors: R W Beck, P A Cleary, M M Anderson, J L Keltner, W T Shults, D I Kaufman, E G Buckley, J J Corbett, M J Kupersmith, N R Miller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

The use of corticosteroids to treat optic neuritis is controversial. At 15 clinical centers, we randomly assigned 457 patients with acute optic neuritis to receive oral prednisone (1 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) for 14 days; intravenous methylprednisolone (1 g per day) for 3 days, followed by oral prednisone (1 mg per kilogram per day) for 11 days; or oral placebo for 14 days. Visual function was assessed over a six-month follow-up period.
Ceftriaxone Compared with Doxycycline for the Treatment of Acute Disseminated Lyme Disease
Authors: Raymond J. Dattwyler, Benjamin J. Luft, Mark J. Kunkel, Michael F. Finkel, Gary P. Wormser, Thomas J. Rush, Edgar Grunwaldt, William A. Agger, Michael Franklin, Donald Oswald, Louise Cockey, Dionigi Maladorno
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Localized Lyme disease, manifested by erythema migrans, is usually treated with oral doxycycline or amoxicillin. Whether acute disseminated Borrelia burgdorferi infection should be treated differently from localized infection is unknown.
A Comparison of Subcutaneous Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin with Warfarin Sodium for Prophylaxis against Deep-Vein Thrombosis after Hip or Knee Implantation
Authors: Russell Hull, Gary Raskob, Graham Pineo, David Rosenbloom, William Evans, Thomas Mallory, Kenneth Anquist, Frank Smith, Gary Hughes, David Green, C. Gregory Elliott, Akbar Panju, Rollin Brant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Deep-vein thrombosis is a potentially life-threatening complication of total hip or knee replacement. There are few data on the effectiveness and safety of warfarin as compared with low-molecular-weight heparin as prophylaxis against this problem.
Analyse observationnelle prospective multicentrique de la qualité de la préparation colique par une association picosulfate de sodium/citrate de magnésium en coloscopie chez 300 patients
Authors: J Lapuelle, G Bonnaud, M Bougnol, A Calazel, P Bulois, J Cassigneul, JB Cazals, L Costes, V Costil, P Coulom, B Croguennec, PA Dalbiès, P Delassalle, F Devulder, I Fassler, P Faure, M Greff, T Helbert, P Houcke, MP Pingannaud, B Pujol, AL Tarrerias, JF Vincensini, B Watrin, G Gay
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

20 à 30% de mauvaises préparations retrouvées dans les deux jours d'endoscopie 2008: Ces chiffres ne sont pas compatibles avec une coloscopie de qualité. Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer à l'aide d'enregistrements systématiques et grâce au score de Boston la qualité de la préparation colique, d'un nouveau produit associant le picosulfate de sodium au citrate de magnésium sous la forme de 2 sachets associés à une hydratation de 2 à 3 litres.
Detection of Choriocarcinoma in the Lung by FDG Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: HONGMING ZHUANG, ALVIN J. YAMAMOTO, NASRIN GHESANI, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

ZHUANG, HONGMING M.D., Ph.D.; J. YAMAMOTO, ALVIN M.D.; GHESANI, NASRIN M.D.; ALAVI, ABASS M.D. Author Information