tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changing Provider Behavior in the Context of Chronic Disease Management: Focus on Clinical Inertia
Authors: Kim L. Lavoie, Joshua A. Rash, Tavis S. Campbell
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2016)

Widespread acceptance of evidence-based medicine has led to the proliferation of clinical practice guidelines as the primary mode of communicating current best practices across a range of chronic diseases. Despite overwhelming evidence supporting the benefits of their use, there is a long history of poor uptake by providers. Nonadherence to clinical practice guidelines is referred to as clinical inertia and represents provider failure to initiate or intensify treatment despite a clear indication to do so. Here we review evidence for the ubiquity of clinical inertia across a variety of chronic health conditions, as well as the organizational and system, patient, and provider factors that serve to maintain it. Limitations are highlighted in the emerging literature examining interventions to reduce clinical inertia. An evidence-based framework to address these limitations is proposed that uses behavior change theory and advocates for shared decision making and enhanced guideline development and dissemination.
Influenza pandemic preparedness and response planning at community level
Authors: F Karcher, H Buchow
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2002)

In November 2001 the European Commission invited experts from all over Europe to express their views on ways to improve preparedness for an influenza pandemic at the European Community level. The conference was well attended and key actions to be addressed by public health authorities in cooperation with decision makers and the pharmaceutical industry were identified (1).
Accelerating Drug Development: Antiviral Therapies for Emerging Viruses as a Model
Authors: Maaike Everts, Tomas Cihlar, J. Robert Bostwick, Richard J. Whitley
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2016)

Drug discovery and development is a lengthy and expensive process. Although no one, simple, single solution can significantly accelerate this process, steps can be taken to avoid unnecessary delays. Using the development of antiviral therapies as a model, we describe options for acceleration that cover target selection, assay development and high-throughput screening, hit confirmation, lead identification and development, animal model evaluations, toxicity studies, regulatory issues, and the general drug discovery and development infrastructure. Together, these steps could result in accelerated timelines for bringing antiviral therapies to market so they can treat emerging infections and reduce human suffering.
Induction of growth alterations in factor-dependent hematopoietic progenitor cell lines by cocultivation with irradiated bone marrow stromal cell lines
Authors: E Naparstek, J Pierce, D Metcalf, R Shadduck, J Ihle, A Leder, MA Sakakeeny, K Wagner, J Falco, TJ FitzGerald
Journal: Blood (1986)
The C-Terminal Portion of the Nucleocapsid Protein Demonstrates SARS-CoV Antigenicity
Authors: Guozhen Liu, Shaohui Hu, Yongwu Hu, Peng Chen, Jianning Yin, Jie Wen, Jingqiang Wang, Liang Lin, Jinxiu Liu, Bo You, Ye Yin, Shuting Li, Hao Wang, Yan Ren, Jia Ji, Xiaoqian Zhao, Yongqiao Sun, Xiaowei Zhang, Jianqiu Fang, Jian Wang, Siqi Liu, Jun Yu, Heng Zhu, Huanming Yang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2003)

Abstract In order to develop clinical diagnostic tools for rapid detection of SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) and to identify candidate proteins for vaccine development, the C-terminal portion of the nucleocapsid (NC) gene was amplified using RT-PCR from the SARS-CoV genome, cloned into a yeast expression vector (pEGH), and expressed as a glutathione S-transferase (GST) and Hisx6 double-tagged fusion protein under the control of an inducible promoter. Western analysis on the purified protein confirmed the expression and purification of the NC fusion proteins from yeast. To determine its antigenicity, the fusion protein was challenged with serum samples from SARS patients and normal controls. The NC fusion protein demonstrated high antigenicity with high specificity, and therefore, it should have great potential in designing clinical diagnostic tools and provide useful information for vaccine development.
Medicine and multimedia: The Knowledge of Healing
Authors: Larry Culliford
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Director Franz Reichle

89 minutes, at selected cinemas around Britain

———————

Rating: ★★★★


  It would be unwise to dismiss the ancient and comprehensive healing tradition embodied in today’s system of Tibetan medicine simply because diagnosis and treatment seem strange and the beautiful texts are obscure, for the lack of controlled clinical trials, or because of the Buddhist emphasis on spirit as well as body and mind. It would be additionally foolish to ignore it given its successes with chronic illnesses regarded in the West as incurable. Such, at least, was the view of Karl Lutz, a Swiss drug manufacturer who began bulk production of Tibetan medications in Europe. 




Franz Reichle’s beautiful and engaging film seeks, with evidence from key players, to persuade us that Lutz was essentially right. Filmed in Dharamsala (the Himalayan seat of the Tibetan government in exile), in Ulan Ude, Siberia (where the tradition flourishes alongside Western practice and takes on its incurables), in Switzerland, Vienna, and Jerusalem, the film seamlessly unfolds parallel tales of investigation and discovery, of advanced cancers and arterial diseases in remission, and, above all, of compassion and hope.

We hear of imbalances in the body’s humours of earth, fire, and wind. We are shown related methods of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment: taking the triple pulse, inspecting the urine, meridian line diagrams, cupping, moxibustion (heating of acupuncture points), and restorative concoctions of up to 28 carefully selected ingredient herbs, roots, and minerals. But it is not only these which fascinate; it is also, and especially, the people.

Endearingly wise and humble, one unlikely hero of the human drama is an elderly monk-physician, Dr Tenzin Choedrak. Now doctor to the Dalai Lama (who also appears), he was imprisoned and tortured by the Chinese authorities in Lhasa for years before his release and escape to India.

There is complete reverence and respect both ways between Tibetan doctor and patient. The attempt to understand and to relieve suffering is in that context a humble and holy undertaking, beneficial to all parties, whatever the outcome. Lutz was probably right, and there are values being lived out which would repay a comprehensive revisit from the West. This is a moving, thought provoking, and surprisingly enjoyable film.
Positional Cloning of the Mouse Scat Mutation Reveals a Critical Role for RASA3, a Ras GTPase Activating Protein, in Vertebrate Erythropoiesis.
Authors: Luanne L. Peters, Steven L. Ciciotte, E. Ricky Chan, Babette Gwynn, Amy J. Lambert, Eric L. Pierce, Kathleen A. Soltis, Mark D. Adams, Barry H. Paw
Journal: Blood (2009)
M10 The development of a Vocal Cord Dysfunction Laryngoscopic Appearance Scale: Abstract M10 Table 1
Authors: J Haines, A Vyas, C Slinger, L Howell, SJ Fowler
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) typically involves abnormal vocal cord movement during inspiration. The recognised gold standard for diagnosis is fibreoptic laryngoscopy (FOL) during a symptomatic attack. Despite this there are no reported VCD FOL assessment scales to facilitate agreement in presentation, disease severity and treatment monitoring. Our VCD tertiary airways clinic receives over 300 referrals a year. We run a weekly diagnostic FOL list and identified the need for a VCD FOL classification for optimal care. <h3>Aims</h3> To gain consensus for a VCD FOL appearance scale and identify its interrater reliability. <h3>Methods</h3> An expert consensus group was convened comprising two respiratory consultant physicians and two respiratory speech and language therapists (SLTs). All have significant experience in VCD FOL interpretation. The group met, discussed and agreed on the VCD FOL appearance scale (Table 1). Two assessment teams were identified, each comprising a respiratory physician and a respiratory SLT. Each team rated patients, referred for FOL with a clinical suspicion of VCD, in three consecutive diagnostic FOL lists. All procedures were recorded and then blindly re-rated during playback by the other assessment team. <h3>Results</h3> Eighteen patients received ratings; the mean (range) age was 51(19–80) and 78% were female. The assessing teams agreed on the rating for seven patients. For nine patients there was disagreement but adjacent classifications. Interrater agreement was performed using a weighted kappa (1 = complete agreement in classification; 0.5 = disagreement but adjacent classifications; 0 = disagreement and non-adjacent classifications). There was moderate agreement between the teams; 0.44 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.18–0.70. There was no bias between the assessment teams, as each had mean ratings for all patients of 2.4. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The VCD FOL appearance scale is a promising clinical assessment tool for the VCD population. We expected further interrater agreement; interestingly the majority of disagreement would not have changed management as classification still yielded a positive diagnosis. The differential maybe attributed to whether ratings were performed live or in playback, and this should be investigated. With further development, standardisation of application and robust validation it will be a useful assessment to direct appropriate management and facilitate accurate and consistent diagnosis.
B Cell Deficiency and CD21low B Cells As Markers For Measuring Cgvhd Severity and Activity In a Large Patient Cohort
Authors: Zoya Kuzmina, Jeremy Rose, Najibah Rehman, Edward W. Cowen, Kristin Baird, Kristen Cole, Judy Baruffaldi, Ronald E. Gress, Steven Z. Pavletic, Frances T. Hakim
Journal: Blood (2013)
A NEW MEANS OF HEAT RELIEF
Authors: O H BEAHRS, V T CALDAROLA, E G HARRISON
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ultrathin Metal Films with Defined Topographical Structures as In Vitro Cell Culture Platforms for Unveiling Vascular Cell Behaviors
Authors: Indong Jun, Yong‐Woo Chung, Jimin Park, Hyung‐Seop Han, Jaeho Park, Saeromi Kim, Hyunjung Lee, Sang Hoon Kim, Jun‐Hyun Han, Hyunjung Kim, Hyun‐Kwang Seok, Yu‐Chan Kim, Hojeong Jeon
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Implanted material surfaces make direct contact with body tissues to work on its own purpose. Therefore, studies of the surface properties of implantable materials that determine cell fate are very important for successful implantation. Although numerous studies have addressed the relationship between cells and material surfaces, nonmetallic surfaces and metallic surfaces likely produce different cellular responses because of their intrinsic differences in surface energy, roughness, and chemical composition. Moreover, given the nontransparent property of metal materials, which hampers the real‐time imaging of cellular behavior, a detailed cellular‐level analysis at the metal‐tissue interface has not been performed. In this study, metal‐based cell culture platforms (MCPs) with defined microscale topographical patterns are developed using a combination of photolithography and direct current magnetron sputtering techniques. The MCPs allow to observe vascular cells on metals in real time and identify the selective regulation of human aortic smooth muscle cells and Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by metallic surface topography. Additionally, atomic force microscopy, contact angles, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analyses show that the MCPs exhibit nearly identical chemical properties with their bulk counterparts, demonstrating that MCPs can be utilized as an in vitro cell culture platform system for understanding the cellular behavior on metal substrates.
Post-traumatic epilepsy.
Authors: A E WALKER
Journal: BMJ (1978)

This clearly printed and well bound little volume gives an excellent summary of the known facts about post-traumatic epilepsy. The author, who is widely known in his field, is now professor of neurologic surgery at the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and has had considerable experience with the patients about whom he writes. He discusses, briefly of course, the incidence, pathogenesis and physiologic aspects of epileptic attacks due to trauma and describes the type of attack. There are a brief chapter on medical treatment and, as might be expected, a longer one on surgical treatment. The latter is precisely clear and easily understood. A bibliography and index complete the volume. This book should be a handy reference work for the general practitioner, the pediatrician and the neurologist.
<i>The BMJ</i>should not tell us how to vote on Brexit
Authors: Hilarie J Williams
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Does The BMJ ’s editorial team have any sense of irony or any understanding of how ordinary human beings (from Hull not Hampstead, to paraphrase Labour’s Andy Burnham) think or behave? Is the stuff they peddle in the 18 June issue a cunning plot to get doctors to vote for Brexit? Doctors are human beings and enjoy being …
Case 45-1974
Authors: Vincent Agnello, Robert T. McCluskey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of CaseFirst admission. A 53-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of dyspnea.The patient had cerebral spastic diplegia, with athetotic movements and slurred speech from birth. She was otherwise well until six years before admission, when acute polyarthritis developed. A test for rheumatoid factor was positive in a titer of 1:1242; an L.E.-cell test was negative. Aspirin was given, with prompt remission. Five years before entry dyspnea developed, and digoxin was instituted. One year later evaluation in the Cardiac Clinic showed no evidence of cardiac disease, and digoxin was omitted. Three years before admission she . . .
Patients with chronic cold urticaria may benefit from doxycycline therapy
Authors: M. Gorczyza, N. Schoepke, K. Krause, T. Hawro, M. Maurer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2016)

Chronic cold urticaria (ColdU) is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening form of chronic urticaria characterized by the development of wheal and flare type skin reactions or angioedema after skin exposure to cold1. Extensive cold contact (e.g. swimming in cold water) and low trigger thresholds (i.e. wheal responses to temperatures of 20°C or higher) may lead to systemic reactions including anaphylactic shock2.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Anticoagulation in the Very Old
Authors: Anna L. Parks, Kenneth E. Covinsky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Hilde A. M. Kooistra, PhD; Agneta H. Calf, MD; Margriet Piersma-Wichers, MD; Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans, PhD; Gerbrand J. Izaks, PhD; Nic J. G. M. Veeger, PhD; Karina Meijer, PhD
Mitochondrial respiratory-chain adaptations in macrophages contribute to antibacterial host defense
Authors: Johan Garaude, Rebeca Acín-Pérez, Sarai Martínez-Cano, Michel Enamorado, Matteo Ugolini, Estanislao Nistal-Villán, Sandra Hervás-Stubbs, Pablo Pelegrín, Leif E Sander, José A Enríquez, David Sancho
Journal: Nature Immunology (2016)
Reevaluation of CMS’ Competitive Bidding Program
Authors: Desmond Schatz, William T. Cefalu
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

Given the ongoing epidemic and rising costs of diabetes in the U.S., it is critical that health care resources be allocated in both efficacious and cost-effective ways. Among Medicare beneficiaries, patients with diabetes consume >32% of total Medicare expenditures (1). In 2011, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) implemented competitive bidding for selected product categories in nine “test” markets. Among these products was diabetes testing supplies (2). The intent of the program was to lower costs without jeopardizing patient health. In 2012, CMS issued its report, stating that it had found “no disruption in access to needed supplies for Medicare beneficiaries” and that “there have been no negative health consequences to beneficiaries as a result of competitive bidding” (2). CMS has continued to make this claim. However, at least in our review of the issue, a recent study may suggest otherwise.

As reported by Puckrein et al. (3) in Diabetes Care , implementation of the Competitive Bidding Program in nine Medicare “test” markets appeared to cause significant disruption among …
Frequent Loss of a p53 Allele in Carcinomas and their Precursors in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: G C Burmer, D A Crispin, V R Kolli, R C Haggitt, B G Kulander, C E Rubin, P S Rabinovitch
Journal: Cancer Communications (1991)

Allelic deletions of the p53 gene previously were demonstrated by Southern hybridization to occur in high frequency in sporadic colon carcinomas and in a variety of other human tumors. We have examined the frequency of allelic loss of the p53 gene in carcinoma and dysplasia arising in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis who are heterozygous for the codon 72 polymorphism in exon 4 of the p53 gene. Cells derived from carcinoma and dysplasia specimens from 10 patients who were heterozygous at this locus were sorted by flow cytometry on the basis of DNA content. The p53 exon 4 region was amplified from diploid and aneuploid populations, via a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and digested with BstUI. Three of three carcinomas, four of six dysplasias, and one patient who was indefinite for dysplasia demonstrated evidence of allelic loss of the p53 gene. Seven of ten cases of sporadic colon carcinoma, analyzed for comparative purposes, exhibited loss of a p53 allele. These results demonstrate that PCR analysis, followed by restriction endonuclease digestion of a polymorphic locus, can provide a rapid, definitive method for analyzing loss of heterozygosity in small numbers of cells from colonic mucosa. Such loss precedes cancer in ulcerative colitis and can be present in its earliest histologically identifiable precursor.
An Electron Microscopic Study of a Series of Murine Lymphoid Neoplasms
Authors: Albert J. Dalton, Lloyd W. Law, John B. Moloney, Robert A. Manaker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Particles associated with a group of primary lymphoid neoplasms of the mouse were examined with the same electron microscope in tissues fixed, dehydrated, embedded, and stained in the same manner. The neoplasms studied were those induced with the Moloney, Gross, Manaker C-60 (Schwartz), and Friend agents, the strain C57BL/Ka radiation-induced lymphoid leukemia, and the spontaneous lymphoid leukemia s of strain AKR and C3Hf/FgLw mice. No particles were associated with the radiation-induced leukemia of C57BL/Ka mice, but in all the other neoplasms, particles of characteristic size and fine structure were identified. Megakaryocytes of the spleen and bone marrow were the most satisfactory sources of particles, both from the point of view of frequency of occurrence and state of preservation. Particles were formed within megakaryocytes and retained in channels in the cytoplasm, apparently for relatively long intervals. Immature particles (with electron-lucent nucleoids) associated with 6 of the 7 leukemias studied had an average diameter of 100 mµ. Mature particles (with electron-dense nucleoids) associated with the Moloney and Manaker C-60 (Schwartz) leukemias also averaged 100 mµ in diameter, while mature particles associated with the Gross and Friend neoplasms and the spontaneous leukemias of strain AKR and C3Hf/FgLw mice were measurably smaller. Approximately 20 percent of the platelets of peripheral blood of Osborne-Mendel rats with lymphoid leukemia induced with the Moloney agent contained characteristic particles, and in the sections of platelet pellets numerous particles were identified lying free in the plasma between the platelets. The significance of these observations is discussed.
Effects of complement inhibition on the ABC phenomenon in rats
Authors: Lirong Wang, Yuqing Su, Xuling Wang, Kaifan Liang, Mengyang Liu, Wenya Tang, Yanzhi Song, Xinrong Liu, Yihui Deng
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2016)

Researchers reported that intravenously injected PEGylated colloidal drug carriers lose their long-circulating characteristic and accumulated extensively in liver when they are administrated twice in the same animal with certain intervals. This phenomenon was referred to as the "accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon". Some former studies had found that complement-mediated phagocytosis, activated by antigen-antibody complex, was responsible for inducing the phenomenon. According to the theory, we have used cobra venom factor to deplete complement in vivo and to investigate the effect of complement inhibition on the ABC phenomenon. Rats were administered by injection of cobra venom factor solution to build up the model of complement exhaustion/inhibition, and the effect of the inhibition of complement on ABC phenomenon was carried out. It seemed that inhibition of complement didn't affect the pharmacokinetic of the first infection. By contrast, in rats of which complement had been depleted, the second dose of PEGylated nanoemulsions showed enhanced circulation time compared with normal rats in a complement inhibition-independent manner, but the ABC phenomenon was not completely eliminated. It indicated that complement inhibition could certainly weaken the accelerated clearance; meanwhile, there were other factors causing the ABC effect. These findings provide novel insights into the attenuating of ABC phenomenon and lay foundation for further study of immune mechanism.
Parasitic Diseases
Authors: Myron G. Schultz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

ON April 2, 1977, Abdel Halim Hafez, the combination Elvis Presley-Frank Sinatra of the Arab world, was buried in Cairo amid the shrill cries and anguished chants of tens of thousands of his fans. One young woman leaped to her death from his balcony after paying her respects to his grieving family. Mr. Hafez was probably the most popular singer in the Arab world. He was known as the "Tan Nightingale" because his love songs and nationalistic songs about Egypt stirred the emotions of young and old alike. He died at the age of 46 from complications of schistosomiasis.Schistosomiasis, . . .