tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Nafarelin Acetate, a Luteinizing-Hormone–Releasing Hormone Agonist, on Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Craig A. Peters, Patrick C. Walsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We examined the influence of androgens on benign prostatic hyperplasia, using nafarelin acetate, a potent luteinizing-hormone-releasing hormone agonist, to achieve reversible androgen deprivation in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Nine patients with bladder-outlet obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia were treated with subcutaneous nafarelin acetate (400 micrograms per day) in an open trial for six months. In all patients, serum testosterone decreased to castrate levels. Objective observations included uroflowmetry, measurement of residual urine volume, determination of prostatic size by ultrasonography, and prostatic biopsy. In all patients, the prostate regressed to a mean (+/- SEM) of 75.8 +/- 3 percent of the initial size (range, 52 to 86; P less than 0.005); the regression reached a plateau after four months. Morphologic analysis of biopsy specimens showed regression of glandular epithelium. Three of nine patients had clinical improvement with treatment. Six months after the cessation of treatment, plasma testosterone levels had returned to normal and the size of the prostate had increased to 99 +/- 5.5 percent of the initial size. These findings suggest that androgens have an important supportive role in established benign prostatic hyperplasia and that testicular suppression will benefit some patients. However, this form of treatment could be applicable only in carefully selected patients who were not surgical candidates, and it would need to be maintained indefinitely.
Abstract 1567: Pancreatic tumor cell secreted Cyr61/CCN1 enhances abnormal angiogenesis: A key event for metastasis
Authors: Smita Mehta, Monami Majumder, Inamul Haque, Snigdha Banerjee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract CYR61/CCN1, a member of the cysteine rich 61/connective tissue growth factor/nephroblastoma over expressed (CYR61/CTFG/NOV) family of growth factors, is a pro-angiogenic factor that mediates diverse roles in development, cell proliferation, and tumorigenesis. In our previous studies, we have demonstrated that Cyr61 is highly expressed in aggressive pancreatic cancer cell lines. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether tumor cell-secreted Cyr61 is able to enhance the interactions of endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells for remodeling of vasculature. To do so, we determined the impact of conditioned media (CM) of different pancreatic cancer cell lines and their side populations on in vitro and in vivo angiogenesis. The in vitro angiogenesis assay demonstrates that the CM of Cyr61 positive pancreatic cancer cells drastically altered the angiogenesis. CM induces deformed capillary-like structures as compared to regular media and this effect is cell type specific. Moreover, CM also drastically altered the attachment of vascular smooth muscle cells to the capillaries. These in vitro studies were further confirmed by in vivo gel foam assay in mice. The abnormal effects of CM can be overruled by nullifying the Cyr61 expression through Cyr61-specific shRNA or neutralizing Cyr61 antibody. Collectively, these studies suggest that Cyr61 could be a target molecule to normalize the angiogenesis to prevent metastatic growth. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1567. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1567
Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and infancy reduces aeroallergen sensitization: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: C. C. Grant, J. Crane, E. A. Mitchell, J. Sinclair, A. Stewart, T. Milne, J. Knight, C. Gilchrist, C. A. Camargo
Journal: Allergy (2016)

Abstract Background Vitamin D has immune‐modulating effects. We determined whether vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and infancy prevents aeroallergen sensitization and primary care respiratory illness presentations. Methods A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled parallel‐group trial. We assigned pregnant women, from 27‐week gestation to birth, and then their infants, from birth to 6 months, to placebo or one of two dosages of daily oral vitamin D. Woman/infant pairs were randomized to: placebo/placebo, 1000 IU /400 IU or 2000 IU /800 IU . When the children were 18 months old, we measured serum‐specific IgE antibodies and identified acute primary care visits described by the doctor to be due to a cold, otitis media, an upper respiratory infection, croup, asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, a wheezy lower respiratory infection or fever and cough. Results Specific IgE was measured on 185 of 260 (71%) enrolled children. The proportion of children sensitized differed by study group for four mite antigens: Dermatophagoides farinae (Der‐f1, Der‐f2) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der‐p1, Der‐p2). With results presented for placebo, lower dose, and higher dose vitamin D, respectively (all P &lt; 0.05): Der‐f1 (18%, 10%, 2%), Der‐f2 (14%, 3%, 2%), Der‐p1 (19%, 14%, 3%) and Der‐p2 (12%, 2%, 3%). There were study group differences in the proportion of children with primary care visits described by the doctor as being for asthma (11%, 0%, 4%, P = 0.002), but not for the other respiratory diagnoses. Conclusions Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and infancy reduces the proportion of children sensitized to mites at age 18 months. Preliminary data indicate a possible effect on primary care visits where asthma is diagnosed.
Treatment of Hypertension in Pregnant Women
Authors: Baha M. Sibai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical complications of pregnancy and are an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide.1 During normal pregnancy, systolic pressure changes little; however, diastolic pressure decreases by an average of 10 mm Hg early in gestation (13 to 20 weeks) and rises again to prepregnancy levels in the third trimester. The term "hypertension in pregnancy" describes a broad spectrum of conditions in which blood pressure varies widely. In reviewing the literature on this subject, one is faced with difficulties regarding the definitions and classifications used to categorize hypertension in pregnant women,2– . . .
Therapeutic Results of Immediately Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (MCRC) in Tunisia: Compliance to ESMO Guidelines
Authors: Yosra Yahyaoui, Sonia Ben Naceur, Nouha Daoud, Houda El benna, Mehdi Afrit, Soumaya Labidi, Hamouda Boussen
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Third-Party Payers Should Cover Clinical Trials, IOM Study Says
Authors: C. Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Third-Party Payers Should Cover Clinical Trials, IOM Study Says Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 6, 15 March 1989, Pages 400–401, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.6.400 Published: 15 March 1989
Abstract IA6: DNA-damaging anticancer therapies modify the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Judith Campisi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Many anticancer therapies exploit the higher proliferative status and/or compromised DNA repair capacity that are common features of tumor cells and thus are designed to severely damage DNA. Such therapies often result in the death of the tumor cells. In some cases, however, the tumor cells—as well as normal cells in the tumor environment—undergo an essentially permanent arrest of proliferation termed cellular senescence. In addition to halting growth, senescent cells undergo marked changes in gene expression. One such change entails the robust secretion of numerous cytokines, growth factors, and proteases, which we term the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP has potent paracrine activities, and can have striking effects on the local tissue microenvironment. Among the stimuli that induce a robust SASP are DNA damaging anticancer therapeutics. We have found that such therapies induce an SASP in both the targeted tumor cells, as well as the untargeted normal cells that surround the tumor. We are currently exploring strategies aimed at selectively suppressing the SASP. We expect that such strategies will, in vivo, reduce the local and systemic inflammation that can be driven by the senescent cells and SASP that results from genotoxic chemo- or radiotherapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr IA6.
New Avenues of Translational Research in Leukemia and Lymphoma: Outgrowth of a Leukemia Society of America-National Cancer Institute Workshop
Authors: J. E. Karp, R. P. McCaffrey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

The workshop was organized on the premise that truly innovative approaches are needed if we are to significantly change the clinical outcomes for leukemias and lymphomas. Several new concepts and pioneering approaches surfaced during the workshop discussions, as summarized above. The design and implementation of translational clinical trials that emphasize these innovative strategies were encouraged as a way to test the concepts put forward at the workshop. Representatives of the Leukemia Society of America and the National Cancer Institute plan to continue their dialogue to develop recommendations regarding the priorities for linked clinical-laboratory investigations on the hematopoietic malignancies and the optimal ways in which to foster such translational research. To this end, the explosion in basic science discoveries during the last two decades and especially during the last 5 years is producing a critical mass of knowledge. This knowledge, in turn, allows us to view leukemia from new perspectives that span molecular pathogenesis, epidemiology, early detection of minimal disease, and the selective targeting of critical leukemogenic mechanisms for therapeutic and ultimately preventive purposes. As in previous decades, during which leukemia has served as the testing ground for precedent-setting concepts of curative therapy (dose-intensity, non-cross-resistance-inducing combinations and aggressive therapy in the minimal residual disease state), leukemia should again serve as a clinical beacon for the identification and exploitation of new molecular targets for therapy. Any impact on curability and duration and quality of survival will be achieved only by building on the cumulative knowledge accrued at multiple levels--molecular and cellular levels as well as in the intact patient--and augmenting the momentum of the bidirectional exchange of information between the laboratory and the clinic that has characterized leukemia research from its incipience. The challenge is formidable and worthy of our most creative and concerted efforts.
Three Generations of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a Family
Authors: MITHILESH KUMAR, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1999)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Online First Collections ACNM MeetingsCMECommunication in OrganizationCOVID-19Feedback and RewardsFrom the American College of Nuclear MedicineHighly Cited and Frequently Read ArticlesPlanning and Conducting Meetings EffectivelyQuality and Safety in Health CareRecruitment of New PhysiciansTips for Giving a Memorable PresentationTips for LeadersTips for Physicians in Getting the Right Job ACNM ArticlesACNM Website For Authors Submit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor PermissionsLippincott® Preprints Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
FRI0043 Heritability assessment of cartilage collagen metabolism. a twin study on circulating pro-collagen iia n-terminal pro-peptide (piianp)
Authors: H. L. Munk, A. J. Svendsen, K. O. Kyvik, G. L. Sørensen, J. V. Hjelmborg, P. Junker
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Collagen is produced and secreted as a precursor molecule with C-and N-terminal extensions termed procollagen peptides. In the extracellular space these are cleaved off by specific C- and N-peptidases after which collagen can participate in fibril formation. Since procollagen propeptides are released from the parent molecule in a stoichiometric manner, the concentration of these peptides provides an opportunity to assess the current biosynthetic activity of the parent collagen species. Recently, the heritability of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) in serum was estimated to 40%. (1) <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the investigation was to estimate heritability on circulating collagen IIA N-propeptide (PIIANP) by studying mono- and dizygotic twin pairs. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 602 healthy monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twin individuals aged 18-55 years were recruited from the Danish Twin Registry. PIIANP was measured by competitive ELISA. The similarity of circulating PIIANP among MZ and DZ twins was assessed by means of intraclass correlations for the traits. The extent to which variation in a trait is attributable to genetics (heritability) can be estimated quantitatively through variance components analysis. The phenotypic (P) variance in a trait can be separated into four variance components: variance due to additive genetic effects (A), genetic dominance (D), shared (family) environment (C) and non-shared (individual) environment (E), e.i., P = A + D + C + E. In agreement with standard practice, we assume no epistasis (genetic inter-locus interaction) and no gene-environment interaction or correlation. <h3>Results</h3> The intraclass correlation for PIIANP in MZ twins and DZ twins was 0.69 vs. 0.46. In the variance component analysis, ACE was the best fitting model. Additive genetic effects explained 45%, shared environment 24% and non-shared environment 31% of the total variance. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our findings suggest that genetic factors have a considerable impact on the serum level of PIIANP. However, shared and common environmental factors are important modifiers as well. The close similarity between the heritability figures of PIIANP and COMP indicate that the expression of these two integral constituents of hyaline cartilage is coordinated or that they are processed in the extracellular space by shared metabolic pathways. <h3>References</h3> Williams FM, Andrew T, Saxne T, Heinegard D, Spector TD, MacGregor AJ. The heritable determinants of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. Arthritis and rheumatism. 2006 Jul;54(7):2147-51. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Biology of Hair Follicles
Authors: Ralf Paus, George Cotsarelis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Hair has many useful biologic functions, including protection from the elements and dispersion of sweat-gland products (e.g., pheromones). It also has psychosocial importance in our society, and patients with hair loss (alopecia) (Table 1) or excessive hair growth often suffer tremendously. Not surprisingly, the demand for drugs that alter hair growth and appearance has led to a multibillion-dollar industry, yet few drugs that are effective for these purposes are available. However, recent progress in our understanding of the biology and pathology of hair follicles should lead to more effective therapies for disorders of hair growth.Structure and Function of Hair . . .
Suivi à long terme des patients ayant un saignement digestif inexpliqué avec une lésion à la capsule endoscopique et traités durant une entéroscopie
Authors: G Rahmi, K Vahedi, G Gay, M Delvaux, H Lamouliatte, B Filoche, JC Saurin, M Lehrun, T Ponchon, D Coumaros, P Bichard, D Lamarque, T Maniere, E Samaha, G Chatellier, C Cellier
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

L'entéroscopie permet le diagnostic et le traitement des lésions de l'intestin grêle. Cependant le devenir à long terme des patients traités pour un saignement digestif inexpliqué (SDI) est peu connu.
Oligodeoxynucleotides as Anti-Sense Inhibitors of Gene Expression: Therapeutic Implications
Authors: M. Rothenberg, G. Johnson, C. Laughlin, I. Green, J. Cradock, N. Sarver, J. S. Cohen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Etude du role therapeutique des oligodeoxynucleotides dans le traitement de cancers et d'infections virales
Abstract 2562: Ultra sensitive immuno-array based multiplexed assay capable of profiling RTKs and signaling proteins, heterodimers, and growth factors for routine analysis of clinical samples with limited availability
Authors: Nicholas Hoe, Jinyao Zhou, Richard Kirkland, Anthony Nguyen, Gio Roxas, Crystal Kuy, Michael Mateling, Tani Lee, Katya Magonova, Phillip Kim, Xinjun Liu, Sharat Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Patient stratification based on target protein expressions or mutations alone has limitations in selecting efficacious therapeutic regimens for solid tumors. Information on the activation status of signaling pathway proteins as determined by their phosphorylation states and the level of expression, profiling of growth factors responsible for its activation, and their dimerization partners, can significantly influence clinical decisions. Herein we report a comprehensive analysis of key receptor tyrosine kinases (HER1, HER2, p95HER2, HER3, cMET, IGF1R, FGFRs, and others) and their downstream signal proteins (PI3K, Shc, AKT, MEK, ERK, PRAS40, RPS6, P70S6K, RSK), and dimerization partners (HER1:HER2, HER2:HER3, HER1:HER3, and others), and secreted growth factors (AREG, EREG, NRG1, HB-EGF, HGF, BTC, EGF, TGF, VEGF, and IGF-1) based on a multiplexed immunoarray CEER (Collaborative Enzyme Enhanced Reactive-immunoassay) platform. CEER platform utilizes the formation of an unique “triple-antibody-enzyme-channeling” immuno-complex. This complex requires co-localization of two detector-antibodies conjugated with corresponding channeling-enzymes once target proteins are bound by the capture antibodies. The immuno-collaboration between two detector enzymes, glucose oxidase (GO, conjugated to anti-target protein antibodies) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP, conjugated to anti-phosphorylated sites within the target) via target-specific, tyramide-mediated signal amplification enables target protein expression /phosphorylation profiling with validated analytical sensitivity between 1 to 10 cells. Using the CEER platform, quantitative modulations of target protein(s) in response to targeted agent(s) and treatment effect on associated downstream and upstream pathway proteins were measured. Due to the extreme sensitivity and specificity, CEER can be utilized in clinical samples with limited availability (e.g., FNA or CTCs). A comprehensive signaling pathway analysis can be a critical guide for selecting effective clinical strategies for targeted drug combinations or sequential therapeutic regimens. In addition, continued signaling pathway profiling after drug administration can monitor drug response and provide valuable information on potential drug resistance mechanisms. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2562. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2562
PWE-112 Management Of Iron Deficiency Anaemia In The Outpatient Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cohort: Abstract PWE-112 Table 1
Authors: S Biswas, J Simmons, M Myszor, A De Silva
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Iron deficiency is the commonest micronutrient deficiency in IBD and causes impaired quality of life. 35% of patients have been reported to be iron deficient and 65% require iron replacement over the course of their disease. We analysed the diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency in our local IBD cohort and compared this to BSG guidelines. They state that all IBD patients should have an annual full blood count and if anaemic (Hb &lt;12 g/dl for women, Hb &lt;13 for men) iron studies should be undertaken. If disease is inactive and ferritin &lt;30 or there is active disease and ferritin &lt;100, the patient should be on iron. This should be the recommended type of iron; IV iron in severe anaemia (haemoglobin &lt;10) or severe intestinal disease activity, concomitant therapy with an erythropoietic agent, or patient preference. Hb should be rechecked after 4 weeks and if it does not rise by 2g/dl or normalise, IV iron should be started. If Hb &lt;10 and there is no response to IV iron therapy within 4 weeks EPO should be given. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective study was undertaken in the Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust of patients attending IBD clinics in December 2012. 100 patients attending clinic consecutively were recruited. <h3>Results</h3> <h3>Conclusion</h3> Our study demonstrated good compliance with national guidance in screening for anaemia annually in IBD patients. Appropriate iron preparations were given in all patients. Only 81% patients commenced on iron had Hb re-checked after 4 weeks. Our study showed similar prevalence of iron deficiency in IBD patients to other studies but better detection and treatment (3). We have a full-time IBD Specialist nurse who monitors patients’ tolerance of iron supplements. Patients are advised to telephone if they have side effects of medications and are not able to tolerate them. The presence of a nurse may improve bloods monitoring and iron prescription but may not be a service that can be provided nationally. Our IBD clinics are run by consultants only, which may also facilitate adherence to guidelines. <h3>References</h3> Bloom S <i>et al</i>. Guidelines for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. <i>Gut</i> 2011:60:571–607 Befrits R, <i>et al</i>. Guidelines on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency and anemia in inflammatory bowel diseases. <i>Inflamm Bowel Dis</i> 2007:13:1545–53 Obermeier F <i>et al</i>. High prevalence but insufficient treatment of iron-deficiency anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: results of a population-based cohort. <i>Gastroenterol Res Pract</i>. 2012:2012:595970 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
NIH Reauthorization Bill Leaves Congress, Heads for Veto
Authors: B. Duane
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1992)

Journal Article NIH Reauthorization Bill Leaves Congress, Heads for Veto Get access Betsy Duane Betsy Duane Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 84, Issue 13, 1 July 1992, Pages 1005–1006, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/84.13.1005 Published: 01 July 1992