tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Progression of Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis to Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Runsheng Wang, Sherine E. Gabriel, Michael M. Ward
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective The long‐term outcome of patients with nonradiographic axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is unclear, particularly whether few or most progress to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Our objective was to examine the progression to AS in a population‐based inception cohort of patients with nonradiographic axial SpA. Methods The Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP) is a longstanding population‐based study of health in the residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota. We searched the REP from 1985 to 2010 using diagnostic and procedural codes for back pain, HLA–B27, and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis, and we performed detailed chart reviews to identify subjects who fulfilled the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society classification criteria for axial SpA but did not have AS. We followed these subjects from disease onset to March 15, 2015, and used survival analysis to measure the time to progression to AS. Results After screening 2,151 patients, we identified 83 subjects with new‐onset nonradiographic axial SpA. Over a mean follow‐up of 10.6 years, progression to AS occurred in 16 patients. The probability that the condition would remain as nonradiographic axial SpA at 5, 10, and 15 years was 93.6%, 82.7%, and 73.6%, respectively. There was more frequent and more rapid progression among subjects in the imaging arm (n = 18) than among those in the clinical arm (n = 65) (28% versus 17%; hazard ratio 3.50 [95% confidence interval 1.15–10.6], P = 0.02). Conclusion Progression to AS occurred in a minority (26%) of patients with nonradiographic axial SpA over as long as 15 years of follow‐up. This suggests that the classification criteria for nonradiographic axial SpA identifies many patients in whom the condition is unlikely to progress to AS or that nonradiographic axial SpA represents a prolonged prodromal state that takes longer to evolve to AS and thus requires longer follow‐up.
Intramandibular Tumors in Mice
Authors: Th. G. van Rijssel, O. Mühlbock
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Intramandibular Tumors in Mice Get access Th. G. van Rijssel, Th. G. van Rijssel Antoni van Leeuwenhoekhuis Laboratory of the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar O. Mühlbock O. Mühlbock Antoni van Leeuwenhoekhuis Laboratory of the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 3, December 1955, Pages 659–689, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.3.659 Published: 01 December 1955 Article history Received: 24 June 1955 Published: 01 December 1955
The patient perspective on absence of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: a survey to identify key domains of patient-perceived remission
Authors: Lilian H D van Tuyl, Martina Sadlonova, Sarah Hewlett, Bev Davis, Caroline Flurey, Niti Goel, Laure Gossec, Cecilie Heegaard Brahe, Catherine L Hill, Wijnanda Hoogland, John Kirwan, Merete L Hetland, Dirkjan van Schaardenburg, Josef S Smolen, Tanja Stamm, Marieke Voshaar, George A Wells, Maarten Boers
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

Background Guidelines suggest treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to target remission, in close consultation with the patient. Our recent qualitative study of the patients' perspective on remission in RA identified 26 domains. The current study aimed to identify a short list of the most important aspects to inform future research. Methods Patients with RA from the Netherlands, the UK, Austria, Denmark, France and the USA completed a survey that contained all domains identified in our qualitative study. They rated domains for importance (‘not important’, ‘important’ or ‘essential’ to characterise a period of remission) and if important or essential, whether this domain needs to be ‘less’, ‘almost gone’ or ‘gone’ to reflect remission. Respondents were also asked to determine their personal top 3 most important/essential domains. Frequency of specific domains in the top 3 was calculated, and domains were sorted on the percentage of patients that evaluated a particular domain as ‘essential’. Results Of 274 respondents, 75% were female, mean (SD) age 57(13) years, disease duration 12(9) years. The top 3 were as follows: pain (67%), fatigue (33%) and independence (19%); domains most frequently rated as ‘essential’ were as follows: pain (60%), being mobile (52%), physical function (51%), being independent (47%) and fatigue (41%). Pain needed to be less (13%), almost gone (42%) or gone (45%) to reflect remission. Similar patterns were seen for fatigue, independence, mobility and physical functioning. Conclusion Patients identified pain, fatigue and independence as the most important domains of RA disease activity that need to be improved to reflect remission.
A Rash Hypothesis
Authors: John J. Ross, Arturo Saavedra, Ruth Ann Vleugels, Anne Liu, Mariana C. Castells
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 40-year-old woman presented with diarrhea. It had begun 2 years ago with four to five loose bowel movements a day and progressed in recent months to 15 large-volume, watery stools daily. The patient's diarrhea persisted with fasting and also occurred at night. Diarrhea was preceded by abdominal cramps, which were only partially relieved by bowel movements. Loperamide increased stool bulk . . .
The field epidemiology manual (FEM) wiki: a collaborative eLearning online portal to be launched at ESCAIDE
Authors: V Príkazský
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Preview this article: The field epidemiology manual (FEM) wiki: a collaborative eLearning online portal to be launched at ESCAIDE, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/15/44/art19701-en-1.gif
Choice of antidepressant based on the dexamethasone suppression test
Authors: A R Fraser
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

This retrospective analysis of patients with major depressive disorder correlated response to the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) with clinical response to antidepressants. Nonsuppression on the DST predicted good response to noradrenergic drugs; suppression predicted good response to serotonergic drugs.
Effect of complementary and alternative medicine on the survival and health-related quality of life among terminally ill cancer patients: A prospective cohort study.
Authors: Young Ho Yun, Myung Kyung Lee, Sang Min Park, Young Ae Kim
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

9066 Background: Few have examined the effect of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use on survival and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in cancer patients. Methods: From July 2005 to October 2006, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 481 terminally ill cancer patients at 11 university hospitals and the National Cancer Center in Korea. We assessed how the use of CAM affected HRQOL and survival. Results: In a follow-up of 481 patients and 163.8 person-years, we identified 466 deceased cases. On multivariate analyses, CAM users did not have better survival than nonusers (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 0.91; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.74-1.10). Among biologically based therapies, dietary supplements (aHR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.48–1.01) and ginseng (aHR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.52–1.04) did not show significantly better survival. Among mind-body interventions, prayer showed significantly worse survival (aHR,1.56; 95% CI, 1.00–2.43). Clinically, CAM users reported significantly worse cognitive functioning (-11.6 v -1.3; p &lt; 0.05) and fatigue (9.9 v -1.0; p &lt; 0.05) than non-users. Compared with non-users in subgroup analysis, users of alternative medical treatments, prayer, vitamin supplements, mushrooms, or rice and cereal reported clinically significant worse changes in some HRQOL subscales. Conclusions: While CAM did not provide any definite survival benefit, CAM users reported clinically significant worse HRQOLs.
Multiplex bioimaging of piRNA molecular pathway-regulated theragnostic effects in a single breast cancer cell using a piRNA molecular beacon
Authors: Youn Jung Lee, Sung Ung Moon, Min Geun Park, Woon Yong Jung, Yong Keun Park, Sung Kyu Song, Je Gyu Ryu, Yong Seung Lee, Hye Jung Heo, Ha Na Gu, Su Jeong Cho, Bahy A. Ali, Abdulaziz A. Al-Khedhairy, Ilkyun Lee, Soonhag Kim
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
The education of the psychiatrist as a physician
Authors: M G Sandifer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

Reasoning that the psychiatrist should function as both a medical specialist and a general physician, the author considers the legal, competency, and tranference issues this approach brings up. He then describes what has been done to implement a medical approach for faculty and residents in a psychiatric training program. The program includes seminars on the psychiatrist as a physician, a comprehensive rotation in neurology, and the application of basic medical skills on inpatient units.
Cancer Studies in Fields Collateral to Tissue Culture&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: George Klein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Cancer Studies in Fields Collateral to Tissue Culture Get access George Klein George Klein Department of Tumor Biology and Institute for Cell Research and Genetics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 19, Issue 4, October 1957, Pages 795–825, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/19.4.795 Published: 01 October 1957 Article history Received: 28 May 1956 Published: 01 October 1957
The association between B-genus human papillomavirus and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in immunocompetent individuals: A meta-analysis.
Authors: Jad Chahoud, Adele Semaan, Ming Cao, Alyssa G. Rieber
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e20032 Background: Existing epidemiological evidence remains controversial regarding the possible association between B-genus Human Papillomavirus (B-HPV) and Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) in immunocompetent individuals. We aim to further clarify this association and evaluate possible type-specific B-HPV involvement. Methods: We performed a systematic review of cohort and case-control studies measuring the associated risk between B-HPV and cSCC in healthy individuals. The review complied with the PRISMA template. We then conducted a meta-analysis, using the fixed-effects method to pool the odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs for overall B-HPV and HPV types 5, 8, 15, 17, 20, 24, 36 and 38. We first included studies reporting all methods of HPV detection, and then exclusively focused on studies assessing B-HPV seroprevalence. Additionally, we employed the random-effects model to confirm the significance of pooled ORs. Using the χ2 test of Q statistic and I2 statistic, we detected no significant heterogeneity among study-specific ORs. We performed a sensitivity analysis with the leave-one-out method, and assessed publication bias using funnel plots. Results: This was the largest meta-analysis on this topic in healthy individuals. We evaluated 2,423 cSCC cases and 5,175 controls collected from 13 studies. For all detection methods, the overall B-HPV-cSCC association was significant with an adjusted pooled OR of 1.46 (1.08;1.97). As for the type-specific analysis, only types 8 and 38 showed a significant association with adjusted pooled ORs of 1.42 (1.06;1.9) and 1.36 (1.0;1.84) respectively. Focusing on serology, the most applied detection method, the overall B-HPV and HPV 8 were significantly associated with increased risk of cSCC; the respective adjusted pooled ORs were 1.49 (1.08;2.05) and 1.46 (1.07;2.01). Conclusions: This study serves as added evidence supporting the hypothesis that B-HPV is a risk factor for cSCC in healthy individuals. Furthermore, the sub-analysis highlights this significant association for HPV 8 and 38 directing future efforts towards those specific HPV types.
The Only Constant Is Change: Next Generation Materials and Medical Device Design for Physical and Mental Health
Authors: Melissa L. Knothe Tate, Thomas Fath
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Cell health and cell network patency dictate human physical and mental health throughout life. Cutting edge multiscale imaging and mapping of cell to organ structure and function is unravelling the remarkable plasticity of cellular networks, from bone to brain. Insights from these studies will enable the development of next generation implants to replace, repair and reprogram cellular networks, for promotion of mental and physical health.
HIV latency: Should we shock or lock?
Authors: Gilles Darcis, Benoît Van Driessche, Carine Van Lint
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Combinatory antiretroviral therapy (cART) increases the survival and quality of life of HIV-1-infected patients. However, interruption of therapy almost invariably leads to the re-emergence of detectable viral replication because HIV-1 persists in viral latent reservoirs. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in HIV-1 latency has paved the way for innovative strategies that attempt to purge latent virus. In this article we discuss the results of the broadly explored ‘shock and kill’ strategy, and also highlight the major hurdles facing this approach. Finally, we present recent innovative works suggesting that locking out latent proviruses could be a potential alternative therapeutic strategy.
Case 1-1970
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. McNeely, Edward P. Richardson, Surl L. Nielsen, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Presentation of CaseA fifty-six-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of impaired consciousness.On the day of admission, while doing light gardening, he suddenly complained of severe pain in the left eye and left side of the head. He vomited several times, talked irrationally and required assistance in walking. On admission to another hospital the blood pressure was 210 systolic, 100 diastolic, and the pulse 78. The glucose was 200 mg per 100 ml. There were no lateralizing neurologic signs. Hydroxyzine hydrochloride (Vistaril) was administered, and he was transferred to this hospital.The patient had had hypertension for . . .
Healthy lifestyle may reduce breast cancer in women at high risk, study shows
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Women who are at high risk for breast cancer on the basis of genetic factors, family history, and reproductive history but who follow a healthy lifestyle have a similar risk for developing the disease to women without these non-modifiable risk factors, a US modelling study has shown.1

Researchers used data from 17 171 women with breast cancer and 19 862 controls taking part in the Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium, an international study collecting genetic and other risk factor information, as well …
A novel human lymphoma cell line (Deglis) with dual B/T phenotype and gene rearrangements and containing Epstein-Barr virus genomes
Authors: T al Saati, HJ Delecluze, S Chittal, P Brousset, JP Magaud, N Dastugue, E Cohen- Knafo, G Laurent, B Rubin, G Delsol
Journal: Blood (1992)
Management of sudden cardiac death survivors. Role of surgical and catheter ablation.
Authors: DiMarco Jp
Journal: Circulation (1992)

Ventricular tachyarrhythmias are the most common arrhythmias documented at the time of sudden cardiac death. Since pharmacological therapy often does not completely suppress these arrhythmias, surgical procedures have been developed to provide an alternative mode of therapy. Coronary artery revascularization in patients with ischemic heart disease is associated with decreased sudden death mortality in patients with left ventricular dysfunction who have no history of prior cardiac arrest or ventricular tachycardia. In sudden death survivors, coronary revascularization appears effective chiefly for patients without inducible ventricular tachycardia or with inducible ventricular fibrillation. Cardiac arrest survivors with sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia at electrophysiological study require an ablative procedure that is usually guided by electrophysiological mapping. Current technique should permit elective operations to be carried out with a less than 10% mortality and a greater than 85% rate for suppressing ventricular tachycardia. Nonsurgical catheter ablation techniques have already shown promise in patients with slower, well-tolerated tachycardias that allow extensive catheter mapping. Application of these techniques in patients with the rapid tachycardias associated with sudden death has, to date, been very limited, but as catheter mapping and energy delivery techniques continue to evolve, they may be feasible even in these patients.
Private and public psychiatry: a comparison of two health care systems
Authors: G Andrews
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Psychiatrists in Australia and New Zealand are similarly trained, but the health care delivery systems in each country differ. Australia has unlimited insurance for fee-for-service private practice and has twice the psychiatrists and half the psychiatric beds per capita as New Zealand. Psychiatrists in the public sector in each country focus on hospital-based care of psychotic patients. Private-sector psychiatrists, in addition to caring for psychotic patients, also focus on psychotherapy for neuroses and personality disorders. The Australian combination of more psychiatrists in private office practice and fewer public hospital beds costs less than the New Zealand system, which supports only public-sector, hospital-based services.
OP0303 Efficacy and Safety of GCSB-5 for Hand Osteoarthritis Treatment: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Trial
Authors: J.K. Park, K. Shin, E.-H. Kang, Y.-J. Ha, K.H. Lee, E.Y. Lee, Y.J. Lee, Y.W. Song, E.B. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) in the hand often associates with considerable disability and a reduced quality of life that is comparable to the effects of rheumatoid arthritis. GCSB-5 is a mixture of six purified oriental herb extracts, which have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and chondroprotective effects. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the efficacy and safety of GCSB-5 for treating hand OA, a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter trial was conducted. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with hand OA who had baseline visual analog scale joint pain scores exceeding &gt;30/100 mm were included. After randomization, patients were allocated to receive oral GCSB-5 600 mg or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was a change in the Australian/Canadian Osteoarthritis Hand Index (AUSCAN) pain score at 4 weeks relative to baseline. Secondary endpoints included AUSCAN pain at 8, 12, and 16 weeks, AUSCAN stiffness and function, patient global assessment score, and the frequency of patients with an Outcome Measures in Rheumatology-Osteoarthritis Research Society (OMERACT-OARSI) response at all time points. The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, protocol number NCT01910116. <h3>Results</h3> The allocated treatment was received by 109 and 106 patients in the GCSB-5 and placebo groups, respectively. At 4 weeks, improvement of the AUSCAN pain score relative to baseline was significantly better in the GCSB-5 group as compared to the placebo group (median -9.0 [interquartile range (IQR) -23.8, -0.2] vs. -2.2 [-16.7, 6.0]; p=0.014). The improvement remained better at 8 (-13.4 [-26.8, 0] vs. -2.2 [-17.5, 5.0]; p=0.011), 12 (-14.60 [-30.8, 0] vs. -8.00 [-25.3, 7.8]; p=0.054), and 16 (-15.60 [-28.2, 0] vs. -4.40 [-25.1, 7.3]; p=0.014) weeks in the GCSB-5 group. The GCSB-5 group also had a significantly higher OMERACT-OARSI response rate than the placebo group at 4 (44.0% <i>vs</i>. 30.2%; p=0.036), 8 (51.4% <i>vs</i>. 35.9%; p=0.022), 12 (56.9% <i>vs</i>. 40.6%; p=0.017), and 16 (50.5% vs. 37.7%; p=0.060) weeks. There were no serious adverse events and the two groups exhibited comparable safety profiles. <h3>Conclusions</h3> GCSB-5 improved the symptoms of hand OA and had a tolerable safety profile. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> J. K. Park: None declared, K. Shin: None declared, E.-H. Kang: None declared, Y.-J. Ha: None declared, K. H. Lee: None declared, E. Y. Lee: None declared, Y. J. Lee: None declared, Y. W. Song: None declared, E. B. Lee Consultant for: Pfizer
SAT0216 Acarbose Decreases the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Diabetic Patients and Attenuates the Incidence and Severity of Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Mice: Population-Based Case-Control Study and Animal Study
Authors: H.-H. Chen, D.-Y. Chen, C.-C. Lin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Acarbose was found to decrease inflammatory parameters in diabetic mellitus (DM) patients. However, whether acarbose reduces the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) with immunomodulatory effects has not been established. <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine the influence of acarbose on RA risk in DM patients and on the incidence and severity of CIA in mice. <h3>Methods</h3> In a nationwide, matched case–control study, we identified 723 incident RA cases and selected 7,230 age-, sex- and RA diagnosis date–matched controls from all newly treated DM patients. The effect of acarbose was tested by conditional logistic regression analyses adjusting for potential confounders. In a CIA mouse study, acarbose was orally administered from day -7 to 38 after type II collagen (CII) immunization and arthritis activity was evaluated by arthritic score and the joint histopathology. Levels of cytokines and anti-CII antibodies were detected by ELISA. The expansion of CII-specific lymphocytes in the lymph nodes were determined by [<sup>3</sup>H] thymidine incorporation assay. <h3>Results</h3> Use of acarbose &gt;16950 mg per year was associated with a lower RA risk (odds ratio [OR] 0.60; 95% CI, 0.41–0.89). Acarbose at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day attenuated arthritis incidence, severity and proinflammatory cytokines expressions including TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17A in paw tissues of CIA mice. Acarbose further decreased the production of anti-CII-IgG, and IL-17A and IFN-g by collagen-reactive lymph node cells in CIA mice. However, the expression of <i>IL</i>-<i>10</i> was significantly increased in acarbose-treated mice compared with the control mice. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The use of acarbose decreased the risk of RA in DM patients and the incidence of CIA in mice. Acarbose also attenuated the severity of CIA with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. <h3>References</h3> Derosa G, Maffioli P, Ferrari I, et al. Acarbose actions on insulin resistance and inflammatory parameters during an oral fat load. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;651:240-50. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Self-help groups for parents of young drug and alcohol abusers
Authors: M Galanter, T Gleaton, C E Marcus, J McMillen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

A national movement of parent self-help groups has recently emerged to combat drug abuse in children and adolescents. This innovative modality addresses a major mental health problem in an area where manpower shortages are anticipated. On the basis of self-report data from 135 parent group members, the drug and behavior problems of their children were evaluated. Improvement was reported in the community at large but more frequently in the children of members. The parent groups differed notably in structure and activities; nonetheless, the underlying psychology of membership, i.e., the shared attitudes and social cohesiveness of the members, facilitated the achieving of common goals.