tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0461 Prevalence of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Algerian Women
Authors: C. Haouichat, N. Hammoumraoui, S. Lehtihet, H. Djoudi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> In Algeria, no epidemiological data on postmenopausal osteoporosis is available which justified this study of prevalence of postmenopausal osteoporosis in our country <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the prevalence of densitometric osteoporosis in postmenopausal women aged 45 and over, living in Douera (Algiers). Look factors to the occurrence of osteoporosis and determine the frequency of fragility fractures <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective epidemiological cross-sectional study in which women were selected on the basis of the method of cluster sampling of the first degree in locality of Douera (Algiers) <h3>Results</h3> 546 postmenopausal women 45 years and older were included in the study with an average age of 62±9.42 years (range: 45-89 years), personal and family history of documented fractures were found respectively in 21% and 11% of the population Osteoporosis was found in 41.7% (CI: 35% - 48%) of postmenopausal women. The adjusted prevalence of osteoporosis in the Algerian population of women aged 45 years and older was 35.8%. Among the risk factors sought those related to the occurrence of osteoporosis in varied plain analysis and after adjustment, respectively, I9IMC &lt;26 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (OR: 4.32 (1.54 to 12.10) p&lt;0.005), weight &lt;60 kg (OR: 3.28 (1.18 to 9.14) p&lt;0.023), the duration of menopause &gt;15 years (OR: 3.46 (1.41 to 8 50) p&lt;0.007), personal history of fractures (OR: 3.77 (1.58 to 8.9), p&lt;0.003) and the low level of education (OR: 2.34 (1.18 - 4.62) p&lt;0.014). <h3>Conclusions</h3> postmenopausal osteoporosis seems common in our study, a number of potential risk factors was determined and who deserves to be validated by a larger study on a representative sample of the Algerian population <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2980
Abstract ADV16: Working together to advance research, support patients and create hope.
Authors: Scott Nelson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The Pancreatic cancer Action Network (PanCan) is a nationwide network of people dedicated to working together to advance research, support patients and create hope for those affected by pancreatic cancer. Our comprehensive approach included: 1) funding research, 2) demanding more aggressive federal research funding, 3) providing patients and caregivers with reliable information to make informed decisions with their healthcare teams, and 4) helping individuals and communities work together to raise awareness and fund for pancreatic cancer. We have over 500 mostly volunteer team members working in 70 affiliate locations around the country. We have more than 4000,000 constituents. We support the development of a comprehensive pancreatic cancer research community. We recruit, develop and retain the most adept investigators. We provide resources and tools and foster collaborations to advance scientific progress. Citation Format: Scott Nelson. Working together to advance research, support patients and create hope. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr ADV16. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-ADV16
GENDER DISPARITIES IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION CARE AND OUTCOMES IN EMERGING COUNTRIES: A GLOBAL LUMEN ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN (GLOW) INITIATIVE AND CALL TO ACTION
Authors: Hyon Jae Lee, Alexandra Lansky, Sameer Mehta, Ido Haimi, Roopa Salwan, Robaayah Zambahari, Yundai Chen, Faisal Hassan, Helen Parise, Malik Fasila, Anna Kontsevaya, Tan Huay Cheem, Andreas Baumbach, Christopher Granger, Cindy Grines, Alice Jacobs, Damras Tresukosol, Sunarya Soerianata, Timothy Dy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
FRI0577-HPR Predictors of Pain in A Population-Based Hand Osteoarthritis Cohort
Authors: K. Magnusson, I.K. Haugen, K.B. Hagen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Previous studies have shown various results with regard to whether structural and inflammatory osteoarthritis (OA) features cause OA pain. Pain in hand OA could possibly also be influenced by socio-economic status, lifestyle, mental health and comorbidity, but these associations have not yet been investigated. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore what factors are related to pain in hand OA. <h3>Methods</h3> Persons living in Ullensaker community, Norway, who had self-reported OA and were diagnosed with clinical hand OA (American College of Rheumatology criteria) at a clinical examination in 2010 were included in this cross sectional study (n=319). The Australian-Canadian Hand pain subscale (AUSCAN, 0-20 scale) and number of tender finger joints upon palpation (0-30 scale) were used as outcome variables in separate multivariate linear regression analyses. Possible explanatory variables were education status, having family members with OA, mental health (Short Form 36 mental component score, 0-100 scale), smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity level, Body Mass Index, self-reported diabetes, measured hypertension, additional OA in hips/knees, number of pain sites the last week (0-2 vs. ≥3 on the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire), Kellgren-Lawrence sum scores in the thirty finger joints [0-120], and ultrasonographic synovitis sum scores [0-90]. <h3>Results</h3> Mean (SD) age was 63.4 (8.6) years and 247 (77.4%) were women. We found that lower age, low education status, diabetes, higher number of pain sites, radiographic and inflammatory features were significantly associated with AUSCAN hand pain independent of each other (adjusted for age and sex), while lower age, poor mental health, diabetes, radiographic and inflammatory features were significantly associated with the number of tender joints (Table). The two models explained 17.8% and 12.6% of the variance in AUSCAN hand pain and number of tender joints, respectively. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In persons with clinical hand OA, being at lower age, having diabetes and having more radiographic and inflammatory features were related both to patient-reported and joint-specific pain outcomes. Having low education level and a high number of pain sites were related to patient-reported pain only. Although our study included a broad range of possible predictors of pain, only a small part of the variation in hand OA pain can be explained. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2696
A10.11 Expression of Unfolded Protein Response Genes in Synovium and Blood Mononuclear Cells of HLA-B27 Positive Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients is not Increased Compared to other Arthritis Patients and Healthy Controls
Authors: Barbara Neerinckx, Shea Carter, Rik J Lories
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The HLA-B27 heavy chain is prone to misfolding. Misfolded proteins give rise to endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR). The UPR is strongly activated in HLA-B27 transgenic rats, an animal model for ankylosing spondylitis (AS), suggesting a role for HLA-B27 misfolding in the pathogenesis of the human disease and the UPR has been linked to IL23 production. <h3>Aim of the Study</h3> To study endoplasmic reticulum stress and activation of the UPR ex vivo in the synovium and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HLA-B27 positive AS patients as compared to patients with other inflammatory joint diseases and healthy controls. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Synovial tissues were obtained from actively inflamed knees from patients with AS (HLA-B27 positive), other forms of spondyloarthritis (SpA) (HLA-B27 positive or negative), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (HLA-B27 positive or negative) and other inflammatory joint diseases ('non SpA/RA inflammatory joint disease') (HLA-B27 positive or negative) (n = 10 in each group). PBMCs were isolated from whole blood samples taken from patients with AS (HLA-B27 positive), RA (HLA-B27 negative) and healthy controls (HLA-B27 negative) (n = 12 in each group). Activation of the UPR in all samples was analysed using quantitative RT-PCR with primers for DDIT3 (also known as CHOP), HSPA5 (also known as BiP), DNAJB9 and XBP1s. Gene expression levels were correlated to disease activity scores such as DAS28, ASDAS, BASDAI as well as to CRP levels. <h3>Results</h3> None of the UPR associated genes was specifically upregulated in either the blood cells or synovial tissue from AS patients as compared to the other groups. In the synovial samples, only <i>DDIT3</i> expression was found significantly different between healthy controls and HLA B27 negative SpA patients on the one hand and non-SpA/RA inflammatory joint disease on the other hand. There was no significant difference in expression of <i>HSPA5</i>, <i>DNAJB9</i> and <i>XBP1s</i> between the different groups. In PBMCs, expression of <i>DDIT3</i> was different between groups and levels were significantly lower in the AS group compared to the RA group and the healthy controls. There was no difference in expression of the other genes between the groups. <h3>Discussion</h3> Our data do not provide support for a critical and unique role of the UPR in AS and other forms of SpA. The difference in expression of <i>DDIT3</i> in PBMCs with an increase in RA patient samples compared to AS patient samples suggests specific involvement of this gene in RA.
P198 Ten Year Follow Up of Mesothelioma in North Yorkshire
Authors: R Smith, AK Datta
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3></h3> All 123 malignant mesothelioma patients in York and North Yorkshire between 2002–2011 were analysed from Cancer Registry and Office for National Statistics data using Kaplan-Meier survival graphs, Pivot tables, multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard model) and log rank testing using SPSS v19 and Excel 2010. Mesothelioma incidence, diluted by a rural hinterland, rose over 10 years from 2 to 16 per million compared with HSE data for overall UK incidence (2006–8) of 62.3 per million (male) and 11.6 per million (female). Annual mesothelioma deaths as a proportion of all deaths rose over 10 years from 0.02 to 0.17%. 87% cases were male, mean age of presentation was 72 years (range 34–95 years), and overall median and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) survival of 8 (5.8–10.2) months. Median (CI) survival was 11 (8.6–13.4) months for patients &lt; 75 years age, greater than for &gt;75 years of 3 (0.7-5.3) months (p=0.005). There was a significantly greater survival of patients with performance status (PS) 0 or 1 at 11 (8.2–13.8) months compared to PS 2.3 or 4 at 2, (9–3.1; p=0.0000002) months. Multivariate analysis, using a Cox proportional hazards regression model showed epithelioid histology subtype predicted longer survival compared to sarcomatoid (Hazard ratio 0.11 (CI 0.02–0.52; p=0.005); see <b>Fig.1</b>). Survival analysis using a log rank test showed no significant difference between median (CI) survival of men 8 (6.0–10.0) months and women 5 (0–11.9; p=0.7) months. Other variables not significantly affecting survival were side of tumour (p=0.9), and diagnosing hospital (p=0.07). Extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) was performed on 10 patients (5 male, PS 0–1, age 34–76 years). Survival for patients receiving EPP was 20.0 (3.3–36.7) months, significantly greater than 7.0 (4.2–9.5) months for all patients (p=0.023). No statistically significant survival benefit for EPP was seen compared with survival of 49 patients matched for age and PS (p=0.182); these findings were confirmed by multivariate analysis. We conclude that mesothelioma represents an increasing burden and that patient factors, not treatment, govern survival.
Abstract 1216: The mechanism related to anti-apoptotic property of SOX2 in prostate cancer
Authors: Xianpei Jia, Xuefei Li, Wenjun Mou, Shu Zhang, Xiaoyue Tan, Cheng-Hu Liu, Rong Xiang, Na Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract SOX2 is one of the key regulatory genes to maintain the pluripotency and unlimited cell growth properties in embryonic stem cells. Recently, more and more researches on cancer stem cell (CSC) support the hypothesis that CSC is the progenitor of cancer cells and contributes to the chemoresistant properties of cancer cells. Although previous study showed SOX2 contributed to the tumorigenic properties in breast and gastric tumor, its function in prostate cancer and apoptosis are still largely unknown. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry method to analyze the expression of SOX2 in prostate cancer tissues and found that the degree of SOX2 staining increased when the Gleason histological grade went higher. We further investigate SOX2's function in cell growth and apoptosis process by using human prostate cancer cells-DU145 with SOX2 overexpression or down-regulation by shRNA. We found that SOX2 increased cell growth and the percentage of cells in S phase in cell cycle assay, it also increased the apoptosis resistant properties of DU145 with reduced mRNA expression of Orai1, STIM1 and decreased store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) activity and cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. This study first investigated SOX2's function in apoptosis process of prostate cancer and elucidated SOX2's regulatory effect on SOCE activity. Our study supports the concept that targeting SOX2 to increase the SOCE activity may be a potential strategy in prostate cancer therapy. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1216.
The cultural shaping of revenge
Authors: Stephen Beckerman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract There are interesting parallelisms between McCullough et al.'s article and studies of revenge presented by French legal anthropologist Raymond Verdier, particularly as regards the discussion of the increasing likelihood of revenge with increasing social distance. Additionally, the observation that many peoples speak of revenge in the language of debt and repayment, links it with exchanges of benefits as well as costs.
Vectors for Zika virus may spread further than was previously thought, CDC reports
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2016)

The combined range of the two mosquito species that transmit the Zika virus includes most of the eastern and central United States and extends as far north as Minnesota and Maine, a new assessment by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has found.

The primary Zika virus vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito, tends to inhabit tropical and subtropical regions, but a second species that can also transmit the virus, Aedes albopictus , can survive in more temperate areas and has the potential to spread further north, as shown on maps released by the CDC on 30 March. …
Epileptogenic Pachygyria Demonstrating on FDG PET
Authors: Bo-Kai Huang, Yum-Kung Chu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 5-year-old boy presented with intractable epilepsy since he was 3 months of age. He was born at 33-week gestation with preterm intracerebral hemorrhage. Infantile spasm, cerebral palsy, and delayed development were noted after birth. The seizure progressed in the past years. Medication and diet regimens were not helpful. Magnetic resonance imaging showed right occipital pachygyria and hypoxic porencephaly in left hemisphere. EEG delineated continuous spike-wave at right parieto-occipital area which sometimes augmented and caused seizure. On FDG PET, slightly increased metabolism in right occipital cortex was associated with continuous neuronal electronic discharging from the dysfunctional pachygyria.
Traumatic Torsion of the Lung
Authors: DeWitt C. Daughtry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

AUTOMOBILE, industrial and farm-machinery accidents are accountable for a large percentage of deaths occurring in the young and middle-aged groups. Approximately 25 per cent of these deaths are due to nonpenetrating thoracic injuries. The majority of such deaths are the result of deranged pulmonary function. Extensive rib fractures with paradoxical breathing, obstructed air passages, the "wet lung" and hemopneumothorax comprise the majority of the serious thoracic injuries or complications. More unusual injuries or complications are trauma to the heart and great vessels, the tracheobronchial tree, the esophagus, the thoracic duct and the diaphragm.A search of the literature reveals 1 . . .
99mTc ECD and 99mTc TRODAT-1 SPECT in Hashimoto Encephalopathy
Authors: Chih-Shan Hsu, Yu-Chin Wu, Ming-Kuei Lu, Yi-Ting Hsu, Thomas Shang-Ming Chiou, Chon-Haw Tsai, Jui-Cheng Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Hashimoto encephalopathy is characterized by cognitive impairment and other neurologic symptoms, including seizure, myoclonus, tremor, ataxia, parkinsonism, and psychiatric disorders. The presence of serum antithyroglobulin antibody and/or antimicrosomal antibody is always found, and the response to steroid treatment is usually promising. We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with Hashimoto encephalopathy, with a unique presentation as left hemichorea and left hemiparkinsonism. Both ECD (99mTc ethyl cysteinate dimer) and SPECT (99mTc TRODAT-1 single photon emission computed tomography) images demonstrated significantly decreased tracer uptake in the right striatum. These images could provide us evidence of striatum impairment in movement disorders of Hashimoto encephalopathy.
Genetic counseling for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in African American women.
Authors: C Halbert, L Kessler, AB Troxel, JE Stopfer, S Domchek
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1099 Background: Efforts are now focused on increasing access to genetic counseling and testing for BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutations to address cancer disparities in African American women; however, limited empirical data are available on the effects of these services. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of genetic counseling among African American women at increased risk for hereditary disease.&amp;#x2028; Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between February 2003 and November 2006. Participants were African American women (n=139) at increased risk for having a BRCA1 or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) mutation. The effects of genetic counseling, including culturally tailored (CTGC) versus standard (SGC) counseling, on changes in risk perception and psychological functioning were evaluated.&amp;#x2028; Results: Women who participated in genetic counseling had a significantly greater likelihood of reporting reductions in perceived risk compared to non-participants (P=0.03). Women who received BRCA1/2 results also had a significantly greater likelihood of reporting decreases in cancer worry (P=0.03). Similar effects were found among women who had a high prior probability of having a BRCA1/2 mutation (P=0.03) and those affected with cancer (P=0.04). There were no differences in CTGC and SGC in study outcomes.&amp;#x2028; Discussion: African American women may experience some benefit from receiving BRCA1/2 test results. Participation in counseling and receiving test results may be especially beneficial to African American women who have high prior probability of having a BRCA1/2 mutation and those affected with cancer. Continued efforts should be made to increase access to genetic counseling and testing among African American women at increased risk for hereditary disease. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1099.
Recurrent Gene Duplication Diversifies Genome Defense Repertoire in Drosophila
Authors: Mia T. Levine, Helen M. Vander Wende, Emily Hsieh, EmilyClare P. Baker, Harmit S. Malik
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2016)

Transposable elements (TEs) comprise large fractions of many eukaryotic genomes and imperil host genome integrity. The host genome combats these challenges by encoding proteins that silence TE activity. Both the introduction of new TEs via horizontal transfer and TE sequence evolution requires constant innovation of host-encoded TE silencing machinery to keep pace with TEs. One form of host innovation is the adaptation of existing, single-copy host genes. Indeed, host suppressors of TE replication often harbor signatures of positive selection. Such signatures are especially evident in genes encoding the piwi-interacting-RNA pathway of gene silencing, for example, the female germline-restricted TE silencer, HP1D/Rhino Host genomes can also innovate via gene duplication and divergence. However, the importance of gene family expansions, contractions, and gene turnover to host genome defense has been largely unexplored. Here, we functionally characterize Oxpecker, a young, tandem duplicate gene of HP1D/rhino We demonstrate that Oxpecker supports female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster and silences several TE families that are incompletely silenced by HP1D/Rhino in the female germline. We further show that, like Oxpecker, at least ten additional, structurally diverse, HP1D/rhino-derived daughter and "granddaughter" genes emerged during a short 15-million year period of Drosophila evolution. These young paralogs are transcribed primarily in germline tissues, where the genetic conflict between host genomes and TEs plays out. Our findings suggest that gene family expansion is an underappreciated yet potent evolutionary mechanism of genome defense diversification.
SP0012 Complement in the Rheumatic Disease: Complementopathies
Authors: M. C. Pickering
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Complement is an integral component of immunity. Inherited deficiencies in the ability to activate complement increases susceptibility to bacterial infection and autoimmunity. Examples include: meningitis and terminal component deficiency; systemic lupus erythematosus-like illness and classical pathway deficiency. Inherited deficiencies in the ability to control complement activation result in damage to host tissue. Examples include: red cell lysis in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH); glomerular inflammation in C3 glomerulopathy; glomerular thrombosis in atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome (aHUS). Therapeutic inhibition of complement activation is achieved through antibody-mediated inhibition of C5 activation (eculizumab). Eculizumab is currently licenced for both aHUS and transfusion-dependent PNH. I will discuss how complement deficiency results in disease, our current treatment approaches and how these may apply to rheumatic disease. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared