tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Experience of Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents Taking Part in an Artificial Pancreas Clinical Trial Over Multiple Days in a Diabetes Camp Setting
Authors: Alda Troncone, Riccardo Bonfanti, Dario Iafusco, Ivana Rabbone, Alberto Sabbion, Riccardo Schiaffini, Alfonso Galderisi, Marco Marigliano, Novella Rapini, Andrea Rigamonti, Davide Tinti, Valeria Vallone, Angela Zanfardino, Federico Boscari, Simone Del Favero, Silvia Galasso, Giordano Lanzola, Mirko Messori, Federico Di Palma, Roberto Visentin, Roberta Calore, Yenny Leal, Lalo Magni, Eleonora Losiouk, Daniel Chernavvsky, Silvana Quaglini, Claudio Cobelli, Daniela Bruttomesso
Journal: Diabetes Care (2016)

OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences of children with type 1 diabetes and their parents taking part in an artificial pancreas (AP) clinical trial during a 7-day summer camp. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A semistructured interview, composed of 14 questions based on the Technology Acceptance Model, was conducted at the end of the clinical trial. Participants also completed the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ, parent version) and the AP Acceptance Questionnaire. RESULTS Thirty children, aged 5–9 years, and their parents completed the study. A content analysis of the interviews showed that parents were focused on understanding the mechanisms, risks, and benefits of the new device, whereas the children were focused on the novelty of the new system. The parents’ main concerns about adopting the new system seemed related to the quality of glucose control. The mean scores of DTSQ subscales indicated general parents’ satisfaction (44.24 ± 5.99, range 32–53) and trustful views of diabetes control provided by the new system (7.8 ± 2.2, range 3–12). The AP Acceptance Questionnaire revealed that most parents considered the AP easy to use (70.5%), intended to use it long term (94.0%), and felt that it was apt to improve glucose control (67.0%). CONCLUSIONS Participants manifested a positive attitude toward the AP. Further studies are required to explore participants’ perceptions early in the AP development to individualize the new treatment as much as possible, and to tailor it to respond to their needs and values.
Clinical presentation characteristics and prognosis of urban, minority patients presenting with triple-negative breast cancer: An observational 5-year case review
Authors: S. Nathan, P. Patel, M. Gaddh, B. Yim, V. Zayat, K. Ferrer, M. Sekosan, J. Samuel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1100 Background: The triple-negative breast cancer phenotype, characterized by estrogen, progesterone receptor and HER-2neu negativity, reportedly manifests a more aggressive course. We investigated the clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with this condition in an urban, predominantly minority population. Methods: Patients (pts) diagnosed with triple negative breast tumors at Cook County Hospital, Chicago, IL between 2000 and 2005 were identified from pathology databases and analyzed as a retrospective cohort for demographic information, clinical presentation, treatment and outcome. Results: 124 pts were identified (age 50.2±10.9 yrs) of which 71 (57.3%) were African American (AA), 18 (14.5%) Hispanic (H) and 35 (28.2%) Others (O) [Caucasian, Asian]. Presentation was predominantly by palpable mass rather than by screening mammogram (88.7% vs.11.3%). Median stage at presentation was Stage IIB with 13 pts (10.5%) at Stage IV. At mean follow-up of 23.7±15.8 mos, 40 (32.3%) pts had progressive disease with pulmonary mets most common (15, 37.5%) followed by brain mets (11, 27.5%). There was a trend towards greater time to progression (TTP) in the AA group (AA:16.7 mos vs. H:12.7 mos vs. O:9.1 mos, p=0.10) and towards shorter TTP in premenopausal pts (12.6 mos vs. 16.5 mos, p=0.16). A total of 24 (19.4%) pts died during the follow-up period. Conclusions: In the cohort studied, prevalence of progressive disease was similar irrespective of ethnic grouping although the average time to progression trended higher in African American patients. Brain and pulmonary metastases were the primary sites of progression. Premenopausal patients in all ethnic groups had more aggressive disease. Further investigations of disease and healthcare disparities in the underserved minority population are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Advanced endoscopic imaging: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Technology Review
Authors: James East, Jasper Vleugels, Philip Roelandt, Pradeep Bhandari, Raf Bisschops, Evelien Dekker, Cesare Hassan, Gareth Horgan, Ralf Kiesslich, Gaius Longcroft-Wheaton, Ana Wilson, Jean-Marc Dumonceau
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

<b>Background and aim:</b> This technical review is an official statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). It addresses the utilization of advanced endoscopic imaging in gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. <b>Methods:</b> This technical review is based on a systematic literature search to evaluate the evidence supporting the use of advanced endoscopic imaging throughout the GI tract. Technologies considered include narrowed-spectrum endoscopy (narrow band imaging [NBI]; flexible spectral imaging color enhancement [FICE]; i-Scan digital contrast [I-SCAN]), autofluorescence imaging (AFI), and confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was adopted to define the strength of recommendation and the quality of evidence. <b>Main recommendations:</b> <b>1.</b> We suggest advanced endoscopic imaging technologies improve mucosal visualization and enhance fine structural and microvascular detail. Expert endoscopic diagnosis may be improved by advanced imaging, but as yet in community-based practice no technology has been shown consistently to be diagnostically superior to current practice with high definition white light. (Low quality evidence.) <b>2.</b> We recommend the use of validated classification systems to support the use of optical diagnosis with advanced endoscopic imaging in the upper and lower GI tracts (strong recommendation, moderate quality evidence). <b>3.</b> We suggest that training improves performance in the use of advanced endoscopic imaging techniques and that it is a prerequisite for use in clinical practice. A learning curve exists and training alone does not guarantee sustained high performances in clinical practice. (Weak recommendation, low quality evidence.) <b>Conclusion: </b>Advanced endoscopic imaging can improve mucosal visualization and endoscopic diagnosis; however it requires training and the use of validated classification systems.
Donor KIR3DL1 and HLA-B Allotypes Control Leukemia Relapse After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Fabio Giglio, Ted A. Gooley, Jeffrey M Venstrom, Meighan M Gallagher, LiHua Hou, Carolyn K Hurley, Tatiana Lebedeva, Harriet Noreen, Raja Rajalingam, Elaine F Reed, Neng Yu, Cynthia Vierra-Green, Michael D Haagenson, Mari Malkki, Effie W. Petersdorf, Stephen Spellman, Katharine C. Hsu
Journal: Blood (2012)
Overall survival (OS) implications of institutional disparities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) pathologic nodal (pN) staging practice in the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).
Authors: Raymond U. Osarogiagbon, Chun Chieh Lin, Matthew Smeltzer, Ahmedin Jemal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

6554 Background: OS disparities in NSCLC are related to differences in the quality of pN staging. We examined OS of patients in different categories of Commission-on-Cancer (CoC)-accredited institutions, to test the hypothesis that inter-institutional OS disparities are influenced by pN staging practice. Methods: NCDB institutions were grouped by CoC category: Community Cancer Program (CCP), Comprehensive Community Cancer Program (CCCP), Teaching/Research Program (TRP), and NCI Program/Network (NCIP). Resections for stage I-IIIA NSCLC from 2004-2013 within each institutional category were examined for specific lymph node (LN) quality parameters: LN non-examination (pNX) and stage I-II resections with ≥ 10 LN. Institutional LN quality parameters were compared with the chi-squared test. OS was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the log-rank test. Results: Of 125,408 NSCLC patients, 8% received surgery at CCP, 52% at CCCP, 28% at TRP, and 12% at NCIP. The pNX rate was 8%, 6%, 6%, and 3%, respectively (p < .0001); the rate of removal of ≥ 10 nodes (for stage I/II patients) was 26%, 30%, 39%, and 50% (p < .0001). The nodal upstaging rate from clinical (c) N0 to pN-positive was 10%, 11%, 11%, and 13%(p < .0001); for cN1, nodal upstaging rate was 9%, 11%, 10%, and 16% (p < .0001). There was no significant inter-institutional difference in 5-year OS for stage I/II patients with pNX resections (log-rank p = .27). For stage I/II patients with 1 - 10 LN, 5-year OS was 0.59 v 0.63 v 0.65 v 0.69 (log-rank p < .0001) and for those with > 10 LN, it was 0.62 v 0.64 v 0.67 v 0.69 (log-rank p < .0001). Within-institution OS was worse for patients with < 10 nodes in all institutions (p < .05), except NCIP (p = .95). Conclusions: Quality and accuracy of NSCLC pN staging substantially differ between different categories of CoC-accredited facilities. OS is uniformly bad in pNX patients, who arguably have similarly bad-quality pN staging. Stratification by other measures of pN-staging quality failed to eliminate the inter-institutional OS disparity. Further investigation is needed to understand institution-level OS disparity after NSCLC resection.
NEOSCOPE: A randomised Phase II study of induction chemotherapy followed by either oxaliplatin/capecitabine (OXCAP) or carboplatin/paclitaxel (CarPac) based chemoradiation (CRT) as pre-operative regimen for resectable oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
Authors: Somnath Mukherjee, Chris Hurt, Sarah Gwynne, Andrew Bateman, Simon Gollins, Ganesh Radhakrishna, Jo Canham, Ruby Ray, Heike I Grabsch, Ricky A. Sharma, Rhydian Maggs, Maria A Hawkins, David Sebag-Montefiore, Tim Maughan, Gareth Griffiths, Tom David Lewis Crosby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

3 Background: NEOSCOPE compared toxicity and efficacy of 2 pre-op CRT regimens. Methods: Eligibility: Resectable ACA of the oesophagus/GOJ ≥ T3 and/or ≥ N1. Randomisation: 1:1 to OXCAP-CRT (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 Day 1,15,29; capecitabine 625 mg/m2 bd on days of RT) or CarPac-CRT (Carboplatin AUC2; paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 Day 1,8,15,22,29); concurrent RT: 45Gy/25 fractions/5 weeks. Both arms received induction chemo: 2 cycles of OXCAP (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 D1, Cape 625 mg/m 2 D1-21, q 3wk). Surgery: 6-8 weeks after naCRT. Detailed RT and pathology quality assurance was built into the protocol. Primary end-point: pathological complete response (pCR). Secondary: toxicity, surgical morbidity/mortality, R1 rate, OS. Statistics: A pCR of 15% would not warrant further investigation but a pCR of 35% would. 76 patients (38/arm) gave 90% power and one-sided type I error of 10% meaning that either arm having ≥10 pCR out of first 38 patients would be considered for Phase III. 85 patients to be recruited (allows 10% loss to follow up). Results: 85 patients were randomised between Oct 2013 and Feb 2015 from 17 UK centres. Patient characteristics: median age 65 yrs, Male (81%), WHO PS 0 (85%). Tumour characteristics: T3 (86%), N1 (48%), lower third/GOJ (90%), median tumour length 5.8cm. CTCAE grade 3/4 toxicity rate during CRT was OXCAP-CRT 42.1%, CarPac-CRT 52.4% (p=0.358). Protocol dose RT OXCAP-CRT 90.5%, CarPac-CRT 93%. Conclusion:Both regimens were well tolerated. CarPac-CRT passed the criteria for taking forward to a phase III study but OXCAP-RT did not. Funding: Cancer Research UK (C44694/A14614), ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01843829, coordinated by Wales Cancer Trials Unit. Clinical trial information: NCT01843829. [Table: see text]
Phase II trial of hu14.18-IL2 (EMD 273063) for patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: M. R. Albertini, J. A. Hank, H. Schalch, J. Kostlevy, R. Cassaday, J. Gan, K. Kim, B. Clements, S. D. Gillies, P. M. Sondel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9039 Background: The hu14.18-IL2 immunocytokine consists of a humanized anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody linked to IL2. It has potent preclinical activity against melanoma (MEL) and neuroblastoma (NBL), particularly in the setting of minimal residual disease (MRD). Recent Phase I trials of hu14.18-IL2 in patients (pts) with MEL or NBL showed immune activation, reversible toxicities, and a maximal tolerated dose of 7.5 mg/m2/d for MEL. Five MEL pts with non-evaluable disease showed long disease free survival (range: 6- > 106 months). A recently completed phase II study (separate ASCO abstract) for NBL showed antitumor activity in pts with MRD. Methods: All pts had measurable metastatic MEL. Hu14.18-IL2 was given at 6 mg/m2/d as a 4h i.v. infusion on d 1, 2, and 3 of each 28d treatment cycle. Pts with stable disease (SD) or regression following cycle 2 were eligible to receive 2 additional cycles of therapy. The primary study objective was to evaluate clinical anti-tumor activity and duration of response, and secondary objectives included evaluating adverse events and immunologic activation of this treatment. Fourteen pts were planned for the 1st stage of this 30-pt 2-stage study. Results: 14 pts received 2 cycles of treatment, and 5 of them received cycles 3 & 4. One pt had a confirmed partial response (PR), 4 pts had stable disease (SD), and 9 pts had progressive disease [1 PR of 14 pts = response rate (RR) of 7.1%; confidence interval 0.2%-33.9%]. The PR and SD responses lasted 1–4 months. Toxicities resulting in dose reduction included grade 3 hypotension (2 pts) and grade 2 renal with oliguria (1 pt); all toxicities were reversible. Pts had a peripheral blood lymphocytosis on d 8 and increased C-reactive protein. Conclusions: Hu14.18-IL2 at 6 mg/m2/d met protocol criteria to initiate stage 2 of pt accrual (ie: treat 16 additional pts). Due to limited availability of hu14.18-IL2, we suspended stage 2. Instead our ongoing testing of hu14.18-IL2 is focused on (a) testing in pts with MRD setting (recurrent stage III or stage IV MEL with CR after surgical resection) and (b) combining hu14.18-IL2 in with anti-integrin therapy based on striking preclinical anti-tumor effects. The goal is to see if efficacy is greater in the MRD setting, as seen in mice and in pts with NBL. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration EMD Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Lexigen-EMD EMD Pharmaceuticals, Lexigen-EMD, Merck KGaA EMD Pharmaceuticals
Life Expectancy after Myocardial Infarction, According to Hospital Performance
Authors: Emily M. Bucholz, Neel M. Butala, Shuangge Ma, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Thirty-day risk-standardized mortality rates after acute myocardial infarction are commonly used to evaluate and compare hospital performance. However, it is not known whether differences among hospitals in the early survival of patients with acute myocardial infarction are associated with differences in long-term survival.We analyzed data from the Cooperative Cardiovascular Project, a study of Medicare beneficiaries who were hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction between 1994 and 1996 and who had 17 years of follow-up. We grouped hospitals into five strata that were based on case-mix severity. Within each case-mix stratum, we compared life expectancy among patients admitted to high-performing hospitals with life expectancy among patients admitted to low-performing hospitals. Hospital performance was defined by quintiles of 30-day risk-standardized mortality rates. Cox proportional-hazards models were used to calculate life expectancy.The study sample included 119,735 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to 1824 hospitals. Within each case-mix stratum, survival curves of the patients admitted to hospitals in each risk-standardized mortality rate quintile separated within the first 30 days and then remained parallel over 17 years of follow-up. Estimated life expectancy declined as hospital risk-standardized mortality rate quintile increased. On average, patients treated at high-performing hospitals lived between 0.74 and 1.14 years longer, depending on hospital case mix, than patients treated at low-performing hospitals. When 30-day survivors were examined separately, there was no significant difference in unadjusted or adjusted life expectancy across hospital risk-standardized mortality rate quintiles.In this study, patients admitted to high-performing hospitals after acute myocardial infarction had longer life expectancies than patients treated in low-performing hospitals. This survival benefit occurred in the first 30 days and persisted over the long term. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and the National Institute of General Medical Sciences Medical Scientist Training Program.).
Geographic variation in soft tissue sarcoma patient follow-up
Authors: K. S. Virgo, S. Sarkar, A. L. Beitler, J. F. Gibbs, K. Sakata, A. Goel, M. E. Christy, R. A. Audisio, W. G. Kraybill, F. E. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

20518 Background: Of all newly diagnosed malignancies, 1% are soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and 59% of STS occur in the extremities. Most patients (80%) suffer recurrence within two years of potentially curative resection. Late recurrences at five years and beyond are not uncommon. Surveillance programs are designed to identify recurrence or new primaries early enough to positively impact survival and quality of life. Though published guidelines exist for extremity STS follow-up, adherence varies among physicians. Geographic factors were hypothesized to be potential predictors of this variation. Methods: The SSO membership (N=1592) was surveyed regarding postoperative STS surveillance using standardized clinical vignettes. Practice patterns were analyzed by metropolitan statistical area (MSA), managed care organization (MCO) penetration rate, and U.S. census region using repeated measures analysis of variance. The study endpoint was surveillance intensity. Results: Forty-five percent of SSO members (714) completed the survey; 343 (48%) performed sarcoma surgery. Of those who perform surgery, 318 (93%) follow their patients long-term. Mean follow-up intensity for the 12 modalities was highly correlated by tumor size, grade, and years after surgery. Controlling for tumor stage, grade, and year after surgery, geographic factors infrequently predicted surgeon self-reported surveillance intensity (p &lt; .05). MSA was a significant predictor of office visit frequency. MCO penetration rate significantly predicted the frequency of urinalysis and site MRI. U.S. census region significantly predicted the frequency of LFTs. Two-way interaction effects were frequently significant. Few three-way interactions were examined due to sample size limitations. Conclusion: Geographic factors were generally not predictive of surgeon self-reported surveillance practice patterns for patients after curative-intent sarcoma surgery. Internship, residency, and fellowship locations may be important surgeon-specific aspects for future surveys. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Concussion recognition and response: instant pitch-side assessment?
Authors: Jonathan Shurlock, Samuel Kelly
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

The Concussion Recognition and Response App: Coach and Parent version.

Concussion, health.

Requires iOS 4.0 or later (compatible with iPhone, iPad and iPod touch). Requires Android 3.2 and up.

Free—in-app purchase available.

The app provides a pitch-side assessment resource to help non-medically trained individuals recognise concussion and seek appropriate advice, where necessary. A disclaimer is provided, which clearly states that the app is not intended to replace trained medical assessment. The primary feature of the app is a simple, stepwise pro-forma to aid in the rapid assessment of an athlete with a possible concussion. The user is led through a series of yes/no questions relating to the signs and symptoms of concussion and traumatic brain injury, in addition to providing details on the mechanism, force and location of injury if known (figure 1). This …
Epigenetic Switch between <i>SOX2</i> and <i>SOX9</i> Regulates Cancer Cell Plasticity
Authors: Sheng-Chieh Lin, Yu-Ting Chou, Shih Sheng Jiang, Junn-Liang Chang, Chih-Hung Chung, Yu-Rung Kao, I-Shou Chang, Cheng-Wen Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Cell differentiation within stem cell lineages can check proliferative potential, but nodal pathways that can limit tumor growth are obscure. Here, we report that lung cancer cell populations generate phenotypic and oncogenic plasticity via a switch between differentiation programs controlled by SOX2 and SOX9, thus altering proliferative and invasive capabilities. In lung cancer cells, SOX2 bound the EPCAM promoter to induce EpCAM–p21Cip1–cyclin A2 signaling, encouraging cell proliferation as well as barrier properties. In contrast, SOX9 bound the SLUG promoter to induce SLUG-mediated cell invasion with a spindle-like phenotype. Pharmacologic inhibition of HDAC elevated a SOX9-positive cell population from SOX2-positive cells, whereas ectopic expression of SOX2 inhibited SOX9 with increased H3K9me2 levels on the SOX9 promoter. In clinical specimens, the expression of SOX2 and SOX9 correlated negatively and positively with lung tumor grade, respectively. Our findings identify SOX2 and SOX9 as nodal epigenetic regulators in determining cancer cell plasticity and metastatic progression. Cancer Res; 76(23); 7036–48. ©2016 AACR.
Nitric oxide-derived NSAIDs inhibit ICE-like cysteine proteases, IL-1 beta and IFN gamma release and protect from Concanavallin A-induced acute liver injury.
Authors: Stefano Fiorucci, L. Santucci, Elisabetta Antonelli, Olivia Morelli, M. Miglietti, B. Federici, P. Del Soldato, Antonio Morelli
Journal: Hepatology (1998)
Burden of Adverse Metabolic Factors Is Associated With Increased Left Ventricular Concentricity in Adults With Normal-Range Body Mass Index: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Philimon N Gona, Jane J Lee, Carol J Salton, Christopher J O’Donnell, Warren J Manning, Michael L Chuang
Journal: Circulation (2016)

Introduction: Persons with normal-range body mass index (BMI) but adverse metabolic characteristics associated with obesity have been described as metabolically-obese normal weight (MONW). We sough...