tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OC-002 Circulating Dendritic Cell Subsets in Crohn’s Disease Show Alterations in Tissue Homing and Cytokine Production
Authors: PA Hendy, D Reddi, D Barnardo, L Durant, A Noble, P Bhat, N English, SC Knight, AL Hart
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Crohn’s disease (CD) is characterised by an exaggerated immune response to mucosal antigen. Dendritic cells (DC) are the primary antigen presenting cells and may promote either tolerogenic or inflammatory T cell responses to mucosal antigens. We characterised homing marker profile and ongoing cytokine production of circulating DC subsets from patients with Crohn’s disease. <h3>Methods</h3> DC within peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adults with active luminal Crohn’s or from healthy controls (HC) were characterised using flow cytometry. DC were identified as HLA-DR<sup>+ </sup>and negative for markers of other cell lineages (CD3, CD14, CD16, CD19, CD34). Myeloid DC (mDC, CD11c<sup>+</sup>CD123<sup>−</sup>) and plasmacytoid DC (pDC, CD11c<sup>−</sup>CD123<sup>+</sup>) were assessed for phenotype (maturation status, homing markers and pattern recognition receptors) and on-going cytokine production by surface and intracellular staining, respectively. <h3>Results</h3> In patients with Crohn’s (n = 16), a greater proportion of myeloid DC expressed a gut-homing profile (CLA<sup>−</sup>β7<sup>+</sup>, p = 0.0022) compared to controls (n = 10) where most myeloid DC were not tissue-specific (CLA<sup>+</sup>β7<sup>+</sup>, p = 0.0014, Fig C). In Crohn’s and controls, myeloid DC were largely gut-homing (CLA<sup>−</sup>β7<sup>+</sup>, p = 0.003) whilst plasmacytoid DC were strongly skin (CLA<sup>+</sup>β7<sup>−</sup>) and lymph node (CCR7<sup>+</sup>) homing (p &lt; 0.0001 e.g. Fig D). Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was up-regulated in Crohn’s, with myeloid DC producing higher levels of TNFα (p = 0.0042, Fig A) and plasmacytoid DC producing higher levels of IL-6 (p = 0.013, Fig B). Expression of maturation marker CD86 was increased on myeloid DC in Crohn’s but not on plasmacytoid DC (p = 0.027 and p = 0.13 respectively). Expression of IFN-α, Il-1β, Il-12, CD40, CD80, TLR2 and TLR4 on DC were not different between Crohn’s and controls for either DC subset. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The increased myeloid DC expression of gut homing phenotype markers and production of TNFα in Crohn’s compared with controls highlights the central role that DC play in the pathogenesis of Crohn’s disease. Differences between homing markers on myeloid DC (gut homing) and plasmacytoid DC (skin homing) suggest that they may have different roles in different manifestations of Crohn’s, with myeloid DC being central to gut inflammation whilst plasmacytoid DC might be involved in cutaneous Crohn’s disease and the skin sequelae of anti-TNFα therapy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Interval of IL-2 Administration Has a Major Impact on Treatment Efficacy for Regulatory T Cell Expansion and Homeostasis
Authors: Yuriko Kishi, Yusuke Meguri, Miki Iwamoto, Takeru Asano, Takanori Yoshioka, Yoshinobu Maeda, Mitsune Tanimoto, John Koreth, Jerome Ritz, Ken-Ichi Matsuoka
Journal: Blood (2015)
Inecalcitol, a Novel Adjuvant Therapy Inhibiting Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Stem Cells, Activates a Macrophage Differentiation Pathway in Leukemic Progenitors
Authors: Christophe Desterke, Hyacinthe Johnson-Ansa, Patricia Hugues, Jean Francois Dufour-Lamartinie, Remi Delansorne, Agnes Guerci, Annelise BENNACEUR Griscelli, Ali G Turhan
Journal: Blood (2015)
Cluster mir-17–92 is differentially expressed in colon cancer patients and embryonic colon tissue and may contribute to carcinogenesis through E2F1 expression
Authors: J. Garcia-Foncillas, A. Navarro, E. Bandres, R. Artells, I. Moreno, B. Gel, R. Ibeas, J. Moreno, M. Miguel, A. Gurpide, M. Monzo-Planella
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

10525 Background: Mature microRNAs (miRNA) are small RNA molecules that act as negative regulators of gene expression, either inhibiting mRNA by blocking its translation into protein or destroying it by RNA interference. Many miRNAs participate in essential processes, including normal embryonic development and carcinogenesis. Methods: We have assessed 156 mature miRNAs in colon tissue from eleven 7–12-week human embryos and 44 colorectal human samples. Data were analyzed using TIGR Multiexperiment viewer. Two multivariate permutation test were performed. Potential target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs are evaluated by western blot. Results: 28 miRNAs were expressed in stage I tumor tissue but not in the corresponding normal tissue, and 13 of these 28 miRNAs (46%) were also expressed in embryonic tissue. Sixty-four miRNAs were differentially expressed in stage II tumor tissue, and 29 of these 64 miRNAs (45%) were also expressed in embryonic tissue. Some miRNAs that are active during embryogenesis, such as mir-17–92, miR-181a, miR-181b and miR-181c (linked to HOXA11), and miR-10a (linked to HOXB8) 23 , are also expressed during tumor growth. The analysis of 156 miRNAs by K-means support revealed two well-differentiated groups: the embryos of 7–8 weeks and those of 9–12 weeks. Lower miRNA expression was also observed in tumor tissue from stage I in comparison with stage II disease (P=0.014). Analysis of potential target genes revealed that cluster mir-17–92 is differentially expressed in colon cancer and embryonic tissue and may contribute to carcinogenesis through E2F1 expression. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that miRNAs expressed during the embryonic development of the human colon are also expressed in colon tumor tissue. During colon organogenesis, miRNA expression is at first high, while cells are still undifferentiated, but expression levels decrease as cells become more differentiated. In contrast, during the development of colorectal cancer, this process is reversed. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa with and without multidrug resistance
Authors: Laia Fernández-Barat, Miquel Ferrer, Francesca De Rosa, Albert Gabarrús, Mariano Esperatti, Silvia Terraneo, Mariano Rinaudo, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Antoni Torres
Journal: Journal of Infection (2016)
DLA-Haploidentical Stem Cell Allografts after Anti-CD44 Therapy and Nonmyeloablative Conditioning: The Impact of Donor Lymphocyte Infusion (DLI), Pentostatin and Graft Composition on Donor Chimerism and Rejection.
Authors: Fabio Kerbauy, Takahiro Fukuda, Theodore Gooley, Erlinda B. Santos, Hilary Stempel, Rainer Storb, Brenda M. Sandmaier
Journal: Blood (2005)
NHS can fund HIV prevention drug, court rules
Authors: Nigel Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2016)

NHS England does have the power to commission pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV infection, the Court of Appeal has found in a ruling that will please local authorities but could cause anxiety for users of other specialised health services.

The case arose out of the refusal of NHS England to include PrEP in a list of specialist services it was considering. It argued that prevention of HIV infection was a public health obligation and fell outside its area of responsibility and therefore that local authorities should pick up the tab.1 2 3 4

The decision was challenged by the National Aids Trust, which won in the High Court and has now defeated an appeal brought by NHS England in the appeal court. The ruling does not mean that NHS …
A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Trial of Bortezomib/Melphalan/Prednisone (VMP) Versus Bortezomib/Thalidomide/Prednisone (VTP) as Induction Therapy Followed by Maintenance Treatment with Bortezomib/Thalidomide (VT) Versus Bortezomib/Prednisone (VP) in Elderly Untreated Patients with Multiple Myeloma Older Than 65 Years.
Authors: Maria-Victoria Mateos, Albert Oriol, Joaquin Martinez, M Teresa Cibeira, Norma C. Gutiérrez, Maria Jose Terol, Raquel de Paz, Jose García-Laraña, Enrique Bengoechea, Alejandro Martín García-Sancho, Rafael Martínez, Luis Palomera, Felipe de Arriba, Yolanda Gonzalez, José Hernández, Anna Sureda, Jose-Luis Bello, Juan José Lahuerta, Joan Blade, Jesús F. San-Miguel
Journal: Blood (2009)
Modulation of CD20 Expression in Rituximab-Sensitive (RSCL) and Rituximab Resistant Cell Lines (RRCL) Using IL-4 and Bryostatin-1.
Authors: Ping-Chiao Tsai, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, Scott H. Olejniczak, Bangia Naveen, Myron S. Czuczman
Journal: Blood (2007)
SAT0333 Hemostatic Mechanisms May Play A Role in The Development of Thrombosis in Male Patients with Behcet's Disease: A Thromboelastographic Analysis
Authors: B. Kara Kivanc, E. Gonullu, C. Bal, M.O. Akay, A. Erturk, D. Uskudar Cansu, T. Kasifoglu, C. Korkmaz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> In Behcet9s disease (BD), vascular involvement is seen frequently in young male BD patients. However, its reason is not well known. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aim was to compare thrombotic tendency according to gender by using the modified Rotational Thromboelastography parameters and platelet-leucocyte complex levels. <h3>Methods</h3> 126 BD patients (71 male, 55 female; mean age:41±9 yrs) who met ISSG criteria for Behcet9s disease were included into study. This group was divided into 3 subgroups as non-thrombotic (n=73), acute thrombotic (n=25) and chronic thrombotic group (n=28). As disease control and healthy control group, 23 patients with vasculitis (16 female, 7 male; mean age 49±16 yrs), 8 patients with thrombosis (3 female, 5 male; mean age:55±11 yrs) and 25 healthy individuals (11 female, 14 male; mean age:37±10 yrs) were included to study. By using the modified rotation thromboelastogram, clotting time (CT), clot formation time (CFT) and maximum clot formation (MCF) were determined by INTEM and EXTEM analysis. Thrombocyte-leucocyte complexes and thrombocyte activation marker (p62) were investigated by flow-cytometric method. <h3>Results</h3> In terms of thrombocyte-leucocyte complexes and P62 levels, no significant difference was found in female BD patients vs male BD pts, active BD pts vs inactive BD pts and thrombotic BD pts vs non-thrombotic BD pts. Thrombocyte-leucocyte complexes levels were higher in vasculitis group than BD group (p&lt;0.01) and HC group (p&lt;0.04). I-MCF was significantly prolonged in male BD patients than female BD patients. E-CFT was found to be shorter in male BD patients compared to female BD patients. E-MCF was statistically prolonged in male BD patients. In inactive male BD patients, while I-CFT was shorter than HC individuals, I-MCF and E-MCF were statistically prolonged than HC (p&lt;0.02, p&lt;0.03), respectively. However, No significant differences were found between inactive female BD patients and HC in terms of all ROTEM parameters. In active BD patients, E-CFT was shorter (p&lt;0.02) and E-MCF was significantly prolonged than those of inactive BD patients (p&lt;0.005). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results support that male BD patients have a hypercoagulable state compared to female BD patients which may be an explanation why male patients are prone to thrombotic complications. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SAT0584 The Incidence and Prevalence of Thromboangiitis Obliterans in Taiwan: A Nationwide, Population-Based Analysis of Data during 2002–2011:
Authors: H.-H. Chen, Y.-M. Chen, K.-L. Lai, C.-H. Lin, D.-Y. Chen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) is a nonatherosclerotic segmental inflammatory disease that most commonly affects the small and medium-sized arteries, veins, and nerves of the arms and legs. Most epidemiologic studies were conducted using hospital-based data, and only few population-based epidemiologic studies of TAO have been published. <h3>Objectives</h3> To estimate the incidence and prevalence of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) in Taiwan during 2002 to 2011. <h3>Methods</h3> We identified all patients with a diagnosis of TAO (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 443.1) in Taiwan9s National Health Insurance Research Database from January 2002 to December 2011. We calculated the age- and sex-specific incidence and prevalence rates of TAO during the study period. <h3>Results</h3> During 2002–2011, 158 patients were diagnosed with TAO; of these, 76% were men. Most (63%) patients were &lt;50 years of age when they were first diagnosed. After attaining 20 years of age, the incidence rate increased with age and peaked among those aged ≥60 years. The average incidence rate of TAO during 2002–2011 was 0.068 per 10<sup>5</sup> years. The incidence of TAO decreased with time: from 0.10 per 10<sup>5</sup> years in 2002 to 0.04 per 10<sup>5</sup> years in 2011. The prevalence increased from 0.26×10<sup>–5</sup> in 2002 to 0.65×10<sup>–5</sup> in 2011. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This is the first epidemiologic study of TAO in Taiwan using a nationwide, population-based analysis of data from 2002 to 2011. This study showed a trend of decreasing incidence of TAO with time. It is warranted to conduct future clinical studies to further investigate whether or not such findings are associated with a decreasing smoking rate or periodontal disease prevalence in Taiwan. <h3>References</h3> Olin JW. Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger9s disease). N Engl J Med. 2000;343: 864–869. Sasaki S, Sakuma M, Kunihara T, Yasuda K. Current trends in thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger9s disease) in women. Am J Surg. 1999;177: 316–320. <h3>Acknowledgement</h3> We thank the members of the Bureau of National Health Insurance, Department of Health, and the National Health Research Institutes for the delivery and management, respectively, of the National Health Insurance Research Database. The interpretation and conclusions contained herein do not represent those of Bureau of National Health Insurance, Department of Health, or National Health Research Institutes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Phase I Trial of Bortezomib (V) in Combination with “DT-PACE”: Toxicity, Stem Cell Collection and Engraftment in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients (Pts).
Authors: Ashraf Badros, A. Rapoport, O. Goloubeva, K. Ruehle, S. Westphal, S. Hefner, B. Meisenberg
Journal: Blood (2005)
Recombinant Interleukin-21 Plus Rituximab: Clinical Activity in a Phase 1, Dose-Finding Trial in Relapsed Low-Grade B Cell Lymphoma.
Authors: John M. Timmerman, John C. Byrd, David J. Andorsky, Muriel F. Siadak, Todd DeVries, Diana F. Hausman, John M. Pagel
Journal: Blood (2007)
AB0391 Sustained Remission and Rate of Relapse after Withdrawal of Biologic or Non-Conventional DMARD in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
Authors: J.D. Castillo-Ortiz, J.J. Castaneda-Sanchez, A. Ramirez-Gomez, J.M. Sanchez-Gonzalez, C. Ramos-Remus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment has changed considerably over the last decade with the introduction of biologics and target synthetic non-conventional DMARDs. In spite of algorithms about when to begin using these drugs, data about when to stop them are scant. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the length of remission in patients with RA who had to discontinue a biological or a non-conventional DMARD because a clinical trial ended, and to compare survival remission curves. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective cohort study of RA patients assembled at the time of their last dose of any of the following drugs: tocilizumab subcutaneous (TCZ-SC), TCZ intravenous (TCZ-IV), or targeted synthetic oral drugs (tsDMARDs) tofacitnib or baricitinib p.o. All patients were in RA remission (DAS-28 &lt;2.6 and absence of swollen joints). Patients were followed at our clinic in the following way: 1) each patient had a structured telephone interview based on the COPCORD questionnaire every eight weeks by a senior medical student; 2) each patient was instructed to communicate with our center immediately if they were experiencing swollen joints, and 3) All patients had in-office assessments with the same rheumatologists every four months. The primary outcome was RA relapse, defined as the time (months) when the patient presented at least one swollen joint. Survival remission curves were calculated per type of drug (TCZ vs. tsDMARDs) and per route of administration (PO, SC or IV). A Long Rank Test was used to assess differences among survival curves and p&lt;0.05 was considered significant. A Cox analysis was used to assess baseline predictors for relapse times. <h3>Results</h3> 99 patients were included, 88% female, with a mean age of 47±13 years. Sixty patients were treated with TCZ-IV, 18 with TCZ-SC and 21 with tsDMARDs-PO. Over the following 165 person-years, 27 (27%) remained in RA remission and 73% developed flare-ups (9 months was the median period for a flare-up). There were no significant differences among the three types of administration (IV, SC, and PO) or between the two classes of drugs (biological vs. tsDMARD). None of the baseline variables were significant as predictors of flare-ups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Long-term clinical remission is possible in a number of patients with RA after suspending a biological or non-conventional DMARD. This feature has also been reported with other biological agents, but not with tsDMARDs. Additional data are required to support recommendations for discontinuing a biological agent after achieving remission. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Lack of the Transcription Factor NFAT (Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells) c2 in Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Results in Profound Hematological Abnormalities in Mice
Authors: Laleh S. Arabanian, Michael Haase, Ivonne Habermann, Malte von Bonin, Claudia Waskow, Rainer Ordemann, Gerhard Ehninger, Alexander Kiani
Journal: Blood (2011)
Leukemia Relapse after Allogeneic Transplants in AML: Predictive Role of WT1 Expression and Protective Effect of DLI.
Authors: Andrea Bacigalupo, A. Dominietto, C. Di Grazia, S. Pozzi, F. Bertolotti, M. Podesta’, T. Lamparelli, F. Gualandi, I. Ibatici, S. Bregante, V. Pinto, F. Frassoni
Journal: Blood (2008)
AB0804 The Efficacy and Tolerability of Febuxostat in Hyperuricemic Patients Undergoing Dialysis
Authors: D.-H. Lim, J.S. Oh, S.M. Ahn, S. Hong, W.J. Seo, Y.-G. Kim, C.-K. Lee, S.W. Choi, B. Yoo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background</h3> Febuxostat is metabolized mainly in the liver and is excreted through both urine and feces, suggesting that it may be an alternative choice for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, there are insufficient data on the use of febuxostat in patients undergoing dialysis. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aims of our study were to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of febuxostat in hyperuricemic patients on dialysis. <h3>Methods</h3> We retrospectively reviewed clinical and laboratory data from two tertiary referral centers from January 2012 to December 2015. We included 49 patients with underlying CKD on dialysis who started febuxostat treatment in the two hospitals. <h3>Results</h3> The mean age of the study patients was 54.4±12.5 year and follow-up duration was 12.7±10.2 months (Table 1). Among 41 patients who were treated with febuxostat for over 3 months, the mean serum uric acid level at 3 months after treatment (4.97±1.84 mg/dL) was significantly reduced compared with the pretreatment level (9.61± 2.18 mg/dL) (<i>p</i>&lt;0.001). And the serum uric acid level stayed significantly lower for 12 months without deterioration in eGFR. Of the 49 patients, only 2 stopped the medication due to adverse event. The two patients who stopped taking febuxostat were on peritoneal dialysis. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Febuxostat is efficacious and well tolerated in hyperuricemic patients undergoing dialysis. Close observation for adverse events might be needed for patients on peritoneal dialysis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Electronic cigarettes: the lesser of two evils, but how much less?
Authors: Steven D Shapiro, Ata Murat Kaynar
Journal: Thorax (2016)

No legal habit has caused more morbidity and mortality than cigarette smoking which takes greater than 10 years away from the average smoker's life, being a major risk factor for the leading causes of mortality in both developed and low-income/middle-income countries, including coronary artery disease, cancers (especially lung cancer) and COPD.1–4 While cigarette smoking is increasing worldwide, we have made slow but steady progress in the USA reducing smoking prevalence to 18% of adults. Nicotine replacement therapy has assisted many smokers to quit; however, with the advent of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), investigators began to wonder to what extent vaporised nicotine is responsible for disease pathogenesis beyond its addictive properties. Nicotine modulates inflammation causing both inflammatory cell apoptosis5 and inflammatory cell chemotaxis.6 There is growing evidence that e-cigarettes increase the risk for oxidative burden and inflammation in the lungs of mice.7 The study by Garcia-Arcos et al 8 published in Thorax convincingly demonstrates that chronic exposure (4 months) of inhaled e-cigarettes in mice causes characteristic changes observed in COPD, including airway pathology, inflammation and emphysematous lung destruction.

Are preclinical models of COPD sufficient to consider regulating the use of e-cigarettes? Murine models of disease are often criticised for lack of …
Comparison of Lung Function after Nonmyeloablative Versus Myeloablative Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Authors: Jason W. Chien, Michael B. Maris, Tanyalak Parimon, Brenda M. Sandmaier, David G. Maloney, Rainer F. Storb, Joan G. Clark
Journal: Blood (2004)
The Highly Potent Bromodomain (BRD) Inhibitor FV-281 Displays Preclinical Efficacy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Zezhou Wang, Peter Dove, Aisha Shamas-Din, Rose Hurren, Xiaoming Wang, Neil MacLean, Marcela Gronda, Feng Bo, Janessa Li, Clarissa Skorupski, Wissam Hadri, David O'Neill, Ahmed Aman, Rima Al-awar, Mark D. Minden, Malik Slassi, Aaron D. Schimmer
Journal: Blood (2015)
A Pilot Study of Rabbit Antithymocyte Globulin - TECELAC Combined with Cyclosporine and Prednisolone as Immunosuppressive Therapy for Severe Aplastic Anemia.
Authors: Mammen Chandy, Biju George, Auro Viswabandya, Ashish Bajel, Vikram Mathews, Alok Srivastava
Journal: Blood (2005)
Idelalisib Monotherapy and Durable Responses in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL)
Authors: Ajay K Gopal, Andrew John Davies, Ian W. Flinn, Paolo Ghia, Andre Goy, Gilles A. Salles, Steve Abella, Betsy Philip, Bess Sorenson, Nina D. Wagner-Johnston
Journal: Blood (2015)