tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Attentional impairments in deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia
Authors: R W Buchanan, M E Strauss, A Breier, B Kirkpatrick, W T Carpenter
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

Previous studies of attention/information processing impairments in schizophrenia suggest that patients with the deficit syndrome should be characterized by impaired performance on measures of visual information processing. Therefore, the authors examined whether two measures of visual information processing, a degraded stimulus version of the continuous performance test and a forced choice span of apprehension task, were uniquely related to the deficit syndrome.Performance on the continuous performance test and span of apprehension task was examined in 20 deficit and 56 nondeficit patients with schizophrenia and in 27 subjects in a normal comparison group.Deficit patients performed significantly less well than both nondeficit patients and the normal comparison group on the continuous performance test and span of apprehension task. There were no significant differences between the nondeficit patients and the normal group on the continuous performance test, but nondeficit patients performed significantly less well on the span of apprehension task than the normal group. Differences between the deficit and nondeficit patients in performance on the continuous performance test and span of apprehension task were not related to total scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale factor 1 or on the Thought, Language, and Communication scale or to neuroleptic level.The results suggest that deficit patients are uniquely characterized by impaired performance on the continuous performance test. The deficit patients' differential performance on the continuous performance test may be related to either an inability to activate and allocate attention or an impairment in the perceptual organization of visual information.
Long-Term Follow-up of a Phase 1 Trial of Idelalisib (ZYDELIG®) in Combination with Bendamustine (B), Bendamustine/Rituximab (BR), Fludarabine (F), Chlorambucil (Chl), or Chlorambucil/Rituximab (ChlR) in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Jacqueline C. Barrientos, Steven E. Coutre, Sven de Vos, Nina D. Wagner-Johnston, Ian W. Flinn, Jeff P. Sharman, Marshall T. Schreeder, Thomas E Boyd, Kanti R. Rai, John P. Leonard, Yeonhee Kim, Anthony Viggiano, Thomas M. Jahn, Richard R. Furman
Journal: Blood (2014)
CPR-Not-Indicated and Futility
Authors: Lawrence J. Schneiderman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996CPR-Not-Indicated and FutilityLawrence J. Schneiderman, MD and Nancy S. Jecker, PhDLawrence J. Schneiderman, MDUniversity of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093-0622University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195Search for more papers by this author and Nancy S. Jecker, PhDUniversity of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093-0622University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although there is much to criticize in the paper of Waisel and Truog [1], we confine ourselves to one fundamental point. The authors echo the assertion that physiologic futility is somehow free of “imposed value judgment” [2]. By contrast, we have pointed out [3] that making physiologic function the object of medical treatment is not value free but rather a value choice, which, in our opinion, is about as far from a patient-centered goal of medicine as it is possible to be. Waisel and Truog do not say exactly why they consider physiologic futility to be free ...References1. Waisel DB, Truog RD. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation-not-indicated order: futility revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:304-8. Google Scholar2. Truog RD, Brett AS, Frader J. The problem with futility. N Engl J Med. 1992; 326:1560-4. Google Scholar3. Schneiderman LJ, Faber-Langendoen K, Jecker NS. Beyond futility to an ethic of care. Am J Med. 1994; 96:110-4. Google Scholar4. Feinstein AR. On exorcising the ghost of Gauss and the curse of Kelvin. In: Clinical Biostatistics. St. Louis: Mosby; 1977:235. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, San Diego; La Jolla, CA 92093-0622University of Washington; Seattle, WA 98195 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAge-specific prognostication after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest – The ethical dilemma between ‘life-sustaining treatment’ and ‘the right to die’ in the elderlyRadiotherapy for Intubated Patients with Malignant Airway Obstruction: Futile or Facilitating Extubation?Controversial issues in critical care for the elderly: a perspective from Canada 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 77KeywordsRespiration Issue Published: 1 January 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Mortality in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Piero Mustacchi, Edwin M. Shonfeld, Salvatore P. Lucia, Nicholas L. Petrakis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

The survival of 106 patients treated for acute lymphocytic leukemia during the period 1948–58 was analyzed by the modified life-table technique. The median survival was 4.5 months from the time of diagnosis and 6.5 months from the time of onset. There was a prolongation of approximately 8 weeks in the median survival of these leukemic individuals when compared with the median survival of an earlier group (1913–47). However, the prolongation of life in the more recent study group is of such a modest nature that it becomes demonstrable only with the aid of elaborated biostatistical techniques.
The<i>Deepwater Horizon</i>Oil Spill and Physical Health among Adult Women in Southern Louisiana: The Women and Their Children’s Health (WaTCH) Study
Authors: Lauren C. Peres, Edward Trapido, Ariane L. Rung, Daniel J. Harrington, Evrim Oral, Zhide Fang, Elizabeth Fontham, Edward S. Peters
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill (DHOS) is the largest oil spill in U.S. history, negatively impacting Gulf Coast residents and the surrounding ecosystem. To date, no studies have been published concerning physical health outcomes associated with the DHOS in the general community.We characterized individual DHOS exposure using survey data and examined the association between DHOS exposure and physical health.Baseline data from 2,126 adult women residing in southern Louisiana and enrolled in the Women and Their Children's Health study were analyzed. Exploratory factor analysis was used to characterize DHOS exposure. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the associations between DHOS exposure and physical health symptoms were estimated using multivariate logistic regression.A two-factor solution was identified as the best fit for DHOS exposure: physical-environmental exposure and economic exposure. High physical-environmental exposure was significantly associated with all of the physical health symptoms, with the strongest associations for burning in nose, throat, or lungs (OR = 4.73; 95% CI: 3.10, 7.22), sore throat (OR = 4.66; 95% CI: 2.89, 7.51), dizziness (OR = 4.21; 95% CI: 2.69, 6.58), and wheezing (OR = 4.20; 95% CI: 2.86, 6.17). Women who had high-economic exposure were significantly more likely to report wheezing (OR = 1.92; 95% CI: 1.32, 2.79); headaches (OR = 1.81; 95% CI: 1.41, 2.58); watery, burning, itchy eyes (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.20, 2.16); and stuffy, itchy, runny nose (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.08).Among southern Louisiana women, both physical-environmental and economic exposure to the DHOS were associated with an increase in self-reported physical health outcomes. Additional longitudinal studies of this unique cohort are needed to elucidate the impact of the DHOS on short- and long-term human health.Peres LC, Trapido E, Rung AL, Harrington DJ, Oral E, Fang Z, Fontham E, Peters ES. 2016. The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill and physical health among adult women in southern Louisiana: the Women and Their Children's Health (WaTCH) study. Environ Health Perspect 124:1208-1213; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510348.
Reporting of patient-reported health-related quality of life in adults with diffuse low-grade glioma: a systematic review
Authors: Daniel M. Fountain, Dominic Allen, Alexis J. Joannides, Dipankar Nandi, Thomas Santarius, Aswin Chari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

BackgroundPatient-reported health-related quality of life (HRQoL) analysis can provide important information for managing the balance between treatment benefits and treatment-related adverse effects on quality of life (QoL). This systematic review sought to identify the range of HRQoL measures used for patients with diffuse hemispheric WHO grade II glioma (DLGG) and assess the quality of HRQoL reporting.
The evolution of systems of mental health care: the Arizona experience
Authors: J M Santiago
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Reform in a system of mental health services is the result of a variety of forces that operate synergistically to bring about observed events. This evolutionary process is most likely to yield substantial results through multiple interventions over time rather than a single attempt at reform. A process of change in the mental health service system in Arizona has been evolving in response to the interaction of several key variables: a social movement dedicated to reform, a planned design for change, and the use of litigation. The author reviews each of these factors and assesses the overall process of change within the state.
Carbon dioxide hypersensitivity, hyperventilation, and panic disorder
Authors: L A Papp, D F Klein, J M Gorman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The purpose of this article is to offer a comprehensive, data-based explanation of the relationship between hyperventilation and panic disorder linking CO2 hypersensitivity, cognitive/behavioral factors, and the respiratory effects of antipanic pharmacologic and psychological treatments.The authors conducted a computerized search of MEDLINE for relevant articles.Some panic patients have a chronic, subtle respiratory disturbance. Acute hyperventilation is neither necessary nor sufficient for panic to occur. Respiratory abnormalities in panic patients may adaptively aim at coping with a hypersensitive CO2 chemoreceptor system. Pharmacologic panicogens also stimulate the respiratory system, causing hyperventilation. Triggering this hypersensitive respiratory control mechanism may incite panic. Antipanic medications may reset the receptor threshold. Misattribution and catastrophic interpretation of somatic symptoms or the sense of loss of control may contribute to panic symptoms. Behavioral interventions such as desensitization or breathing retraining may block the full-blown attack. Cognitive strategies through cognitive control of respiration may supplement and accentuate these interventions.Panic disorder may be due to an inherently unstable autonomic nervous system, coupled with cognitive distress.
Difficulties in brief conjoint treatment of sexual dysfunction
Authors: M R Lansky, A E Davenport
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors offered conjoint treatment of sexual dysfunction to an unselected population in a military hospital for one year. Of the 10 couples who requested treatment, 7 were treated by techniques outlined by Masters and Johnson. The couples who completed the treatment exercises improved, and neurotic interactions, presumably resulting from the symptoms, often disappeared. The couples who avoided the exercises had interactional patterns dominated by projection and blame, sadomasochism, and depressive features; typically their marital difficulties were aggravated by the treatment.
Review of autologous bone marrow transplantation for metastatic breast cancer: a minor point?
Authors: G Ellis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1992.10.10.1652 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 1403045 Review of autologous bone marrow transplantation for metastatic breast cancer: a minor point? G EllisxG EllisSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1992.10.10.1652 PDF "Review of autologous bone marrow transplantation for metastatic breast cancer: a minor point?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(10), pp. 1652–1653© 1992 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract P3-07-24: The role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC)
Authors: P Saha, A Turk, K Lurain, G Baker, S Conzen, R Nanda
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background Up to 40% of breast cancers have moderate to strong expression of GR, and activation of GR is associated with poor prognosis in ER-negative breast cancer. GR activation in breast cancer cells initiates anti-apoptotic signaling, contributing to chemotherapy resistance. We hypothesize that GR highly expressing TNBCs will have a suboptimal response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods We identified patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy at the University of Chicago between 2002 and 2014 under IRB approved protocols. Those patients for whom pre-treatment and post-treatment tissue was available were included in this study. Unstained sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded primary tumor were obtained. Percentage tumor cell GR expression was determined via immunohistochemical (IHC) examination using two different antibodies: the anti-GR rabbit monoclonal XP antibody (Cell Signaling, D8H2, 1:500 dilution) and the polyclonal rabbit anti-GR antibody (1:80). Staining was performed according to methods previously published by Belova et al. TNBCs were considered GR positive if greater than 10% of cancer cells stained moderately to strongly positive for GR. Results Fifty paired tissue samples were identified and pre- and post-treatment tissue was stained for GR using two anti-GR antibodies as above. Of these 50 cases, 80% had moderate to strong expression of GR using the XP antibody; results with the polyclonal ab will be compared. Percentage GR expression did not change in the setting of treatment. Work to correlate GR expression using the monoclonal versus the polyclonal antibody and clinicopathological features is ongoing. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study attempting to evaluate percentage GR expression as a biomarker of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC. If higher GR expression correlates with a lower pCR rate in TNBC as hypothesized, then GR blockade in conjunction with chemotherapy may overcome chemotherapy resistance and lead to improved response to treatment in patients with GR expressing TNBCs. Citation Format: Saha P, Turk A, Lurain K, Baker G, Conzen S, Nanda R. The role of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-24.
Benzodiazepines
Authors: David J. Greenblatt, Richard I. Shader
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

DERIVATIVES of the 1,4-benzodiazepine nucleus (Fig. 1) are among the most widely used drugs in clinical medicine. In 1972 more than 77 million prescriptions for benzodiazepine antianxiety agents were filled in American retail pharmacies, of which two thirds were for diazepam. Another four million prescriptions were filled for flurazepam, a hypnotic agent. The total expenditure exceeded 200 million dollars. Benzodiazepines also are extensively administered to hospitalized patients. In two Boston teaching hospitals monitored by the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program in 1973, 30 per cent of all medical inpatients received diazepam, and 32 per cent received flurazepam.Five benzodiazepine derivatives . . .
Hemophilia Therapy — Navigating Speed Bumps on the Innovation Highway
Authors: Donna M. DiMichele
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Hemophilia A is an X-linked hemorrhagic disorder characterized by a congenital absence or decrease in plasma clotting factor VIII, a procoagulation cofactor and potent generator of thrombin when bound to activated factor IX and factor X. Unprecedented biotechnological progress has increased life expectancy for patients across the range of disease severity through an expanding menu of highly safe and effective recombinant factor VIII and plasma-derived factor VIII concentrates for bleeding treatment and prophylaxis.1 Widespread adoption of primary strategies of bleeding prophylaxis (before the onset of arthropathy in children) has unequivocally minimized orthopedic morbidity, which has long been the hallmark of . . .
Case 13-1986
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Peter F. Weller, David L. Gang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Presentation of CaseA 66-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain and collapse.He was well until six years earlier, when hypertension developed. Two years later diabetes mellitus was found, and insulin was begun. A stool specimen gave a + test for occult blood; a barium-enema examination showed only colonic diverticulosis, and an upper gastrointestinal study was negative. Colonoscopic examination revealed multiple diverticula in the sigmoid and descending colon; three large, pedunculated polyps were removed, and microscopical examination disclosed adenomatous polyps. Repeated stool specimens thereafter gave negative tests for occult blood.Three months before admission increasing . . .
Abstract P1-01-04: Early stage breast cancer prognostication using whole tumor or Ki67 heterogeneity-based digital imaging
Authors: M Barnes, C Srinivas, C Xu, S Dean, S Singh, LA Henricksen, N Wik, D Morris, A Magliocco, B LaFleur
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Accurate prognosis of hormone-positive early stage breast cancer patients offers the opportunity to make more informed follow-up choices, for example the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy. More recently patient prognostication based on immunohistochemistry-scored protein expression (ER, PR, Her2 and Ki67) in the ATAC trial has been described as IHC4 (C-index of 0.78). However, IHC4 clinical translation has not occurred and may be hindered by the need for a clinically-validated standardized assay as well as pathologist scoring reproducibility. To address this idea, we employed a standardized assay system and automated scoring using digital image analysis to assess either whole tumor (WT) IHC expression values or Ki67 heterogeneity (Ki67H) quantification. The goals were to 1) establish a prognostic model based on and potentially improving the IHC4 concept and 2) improve pathologist scoring reproducibility. Material and Methods: A paraffin-embedded whole tissue cohort consisting of 120 cases of hormone-positive, HER2-negative, stage I and II, breast cancer patient samples were re-stained with standardized ER, PR, HER2, and Ki67 IHC assays. Three pathologists independently scored conventional glass slides microscopically (CM) and annotated WT on H&amp;E and Ki67 heterogeneous regions on whole slide scanned images (WSI) for each case separately. The annotations were separately registered across serial stained slides and also scored via the digital pathology algorithm. Results: The mean patient age at the time of diagnosis is 63 years with a maximum follow-up of 18 years. Patients with regional and/or distal recurrence compose 26% of the cohort with a median recurrence free survival of 8.5 years. years. Clinical variables (CV) plus WT (C-index 0.74, r2 0.38) or Ki67H (C-index 0.77, r2 0.39) models improved on patient prognostication each as compared to the IHC4 plus CV (C-index 0.70, r2 0.19) in this cohort. High inter-pathologist reproducibility for the IHC score, as measured by concordance correlation coefficient was noted for Ki67H (0.90). Conclusions: Novel algorithmic scoring methodologies such as WT and Ki67H may improve on the IHC4 concept with high inter-pathology reproducibility. We are currently validating in a larger 600 patient cohort. Citation Format: Barnes M, Srinivas C, Xu C, Dean S, Singh S, Henricksen LA, Wik N, Morris D, Magliocco A, LaFleur B. Early stage breast cancer prognostication using whole tumor or Ki67 heterogeneity-based digital imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-04.
The Metabolism of Hodgkin's Disease Tissue
Authors: H. Laser
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1951)

The Metabolism of Hodgkin's Disease Tissue H. Laser H. Laser The Hodgkin's Disease Research Laboratory of St. Vincent's Hospital3New York, N. Y. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 12, Issue 2, October 1951, Pages 259–268, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/12.2.259 Published: 01 October 1951 Article history Received: 12 October 1950 Published: 01 October 1951
High Incidence of Spontaneous Hepatomas and the Increase of This Incidence With Urethan in C3H, C3Hf, and C3He Male Mice
Authors: W. E. Heston, George Vlahakis, Margaret K. Deringer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

A very high incidence of spontaneous hepatomas occurs in male mice of our 3 substrains of strain C3H fed the usual diet of NCI pellets. The incidence in C3H males was 85 percent, in C3Hf males 72 percent, and in C3He males 78 percent. Intraperitoneal injection of 20-mg. urethan increased the occurrence of hepatomas in males of all 3 substrains. The occurrence of hepatomas in males that received 8 injections of 20-mg. urethan each was also greater than that in the uninfected controls, though in this study the occurrence was not shown to be greater than that in the males receiving 1 injection. Other lesions induced or potentiated by the urethan included hemorrhagic lesions of the liver, some of which appeared to be neoplastic, and pulmonary tumors. That the C3H males had the mammary-tumor agent, whereas the C3Hf and C3He males did not, had no influence on the occurrence of the hepatomas, the pulmonary tumors, or the hemorrhagic lesions of the liver. C3Hf males fed Purina laboratory chow had a 57 percent incidence of spontaneous hepatomas.