tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
M1 medulloblastoma should be considered high risk at any age
Authors: R. P. Sanders, A. Onar, J. M. Boyett, A. Broniscer, M. Fouladi, F. A. Boop, R. A. Sanford, L. E. Kun, T. M. Merchant, A. Gajjar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

2016 Background: Metastatic (M) stage is an important prognostic marker in medulloblastoma. With current therapy including higher-dose craniospinal irradiation and dose intensive chemotherapy, older children with metastatic medulloblastoma have had improved survival. Some investigators have suggested that older children with M1 medulloblastoma be treated as average-risk patients. Additionally, the prognostic value of M1 disease in very young children has not been documented. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of all newly diagnosed medulloblastoma patients treated at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital from 1984 to 2006. Treatment generally included resection and chemotherapy. Older children received post-operative craniospinal and tumor bed irradiation; radiotherapy for younger children depended on treatment era and physician/family preference. We compared event-free and overall survival for patients with M1 disease to that of patients with M0 and M2/M3 disease for both age groups using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 286 patients were included. 56 were &lt;3 years old at diagnosis and 230 were =3 years old. Event-free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) by age and M-stage are reported below. Within the younger group, a significant difference in 5-year EFS was detected among M-stage groups (p&lt;0.002 by Mantel-Haenszel test); 5-year EFS for M0 (n=33), M1 (n=5), and M2/M3 (n=18) patients was 67%, 20%, and 22%, respectively. The difference in 5-year EFS by M-stage was also significant for older patients (p&lt;0.0001); 5-year EFS for 154 M0, 13 M1, and 63 M2/M3 patients was 82%, 59%, and 42%, respectively. Results were similar for OS; differences in OS were significant for older (p&lt;0.0001), but not younger (p=0.21) children. Conclusions: Children &lt;3 years old with M1 medulloblastoma fared poorly in our small series. Survival for older children with M1 disease treated with higher-dose CSI was better than that of M2/M3 patients, but still less than optimal; our findings do not support reduction in therapy for either cohort. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
PCM-07COMPARATIVE GENOMICS: THE DOG AS A TRANSLATIONAL MODEL FOR MENINGIOMA
Authors: M. R. Chambers, Daxa M. Patel, Kimberly P. Kicielinski, Frank J. Crisona, Dongquan Chen, Trenton R. Schoeb, Andy Shores, Donald Sorjonen, Calvin M. Johnson, David K. Crossman, G. Yancey Gillespie
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;The Tea&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The effect of marital status on stress in medical school
Authors: R H Coombs, F I Fawzy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Two competing explanations have been offered to explain why the unmarried experience greater stress--the protection/support hypothesis (emotional support from a spouse offsets daily tensions) and the selection hypothesis (the more emotionally mature individual marries). To assess these hypotheses, the authors compared the difference in stress levels between 61 married and unmarried students during the stressful years of medical school. Stress was measured each year by attrition rates, self-reports, and interviews with spouses. The stressors of medical school were more severe for the single students; moveover, stress levels of formerly single students declined after marriage. The authors believe these results affirm the protection/support hypothesis.
Red Blood Cell Transfusions
Authors: A B Eisenbrey
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
HPV in exhaled breath condensate of lung cancer patients
Authors: Giovanna E. Carpagnano, Elio Costantino, Donato Lacedonia, Rossella Decembrino, Viviana Turchiarelli, Gerardo Rago, Maria P. Foschino Barbaro
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  A recent intriguing carcinogenetic hypothesis for lung cancer foresees its viral aetiology. The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main virus actually recognized in the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time to our knowledge, the presence of HPV in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of lung cancer patients.   Material and methods:  We enrolled 79 patients affected by lung cancer and 68 controls. HPV were investigated in their EBC and paired bronchial brushing through genotyping.   Results:  We were able to detect HPV in the EBC and bronchial brushing. We described the presence of HPV infection in 16.4% of the subjects affected by non-small cell lung cancer, but in none of the controls. HPV 16 and 31 turned out to be the most widespread genotypes. The HPV positivity in airways as well as in the smoking habit was seen to independently increase the individual9s susceptibility to developing lung cancer.   Conclusion:  In conclusion, we demonstrated the possibility to identify an HPV infection in the EBC of lung cancer patients, and supported the notion that the EBC is a suitable tool to study airways colonization. Although further studies are needed to confirm our results, we retained the study of HPV in EBC very interesting in terms of future programs involving lung cancer screening.
Endoscopic Placement of Biliary Endoprostheses in Patients with Endoscopically Unextractable Common Bile Duct Stones
Authors: A J Soomers, F M Nagengast, S H Yap
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

Endoscopic sphincterotomy for removal of stones from the common bile duct, in particular in high-risk patients is an established procedure. However, the size of the stones and the appearance of the terminal bile duct prior to sphincterotomy have an influence on the outcome. In the period 1984-1987, thirty-four patients considered to be at high risk for surgery were treated endoscopically by insertion of a biliary endoprosthesis (15 cm long, 3.2 mm diameter) after unsuccessful attempts to remove common bile duct (CBD) stones following endoscopic sphincterotomy. These patients were admitted to the hospital with biliary colic, obstructive jaundice and/or cholangitis. Eight patients were lost to follow-up. The remaining patients comprised 20 females and 6 males, with a mean age of 81 years (range: 60-96). Five patients underwent surgical treatment for perforation (one patient, 11 months after insertion), persistent jaundice (one patient) or recurrent obstructive jaundice (endoprosthesis clogging in one, endoprosthesis dislodgement in two patients) 2 to 40 months after insertion. In one patient, recurrent obstructive jaundice was successfully treated by replacing the clogged endoprosthesis 4 months after the initial treatment. Ten patients died of unrelated causes (myocardial infarction, accident, etc.) 2 to 28 months after insertion. The remaining ten patients were still alive without symptoms after a median follow-up of 26 months. On the basis of these findings we therefore conclude that endoscopic insertion of a biliary endoprosthesis is a safe and effective treatment for huge CBD stones in high-risk patients in whom endoscopic sphincterotomy and attempts to remove the stones are not successful.
Photophobia and a painful rash
Authors: Andrew Malem
Journal: BMJ (2016)

A 62 year old woman presented to eye casualty with a 10 day history of a left sided headache. Two days after her headache started she developed a painful and pruritic left sided rash. During the 24 hours before presentation, her left eye had become injected, painful, and photophobic.

On examination she had a well demarcated, unilateral area of erythematous and mildly oedematous skin, which extended from her left upper lid up across her forehead. Within this area were discrete tender scabbed lesions, which extended back into her hairline (fig 1⇓). She had no lesions on the tip of her nose or in her auditory canal. No lesions crossed the midline to the right side of her forehead or scalp.



Fig 1  Left side scabbed skin lesions respecting the midline with associated left lid swelling and conjunctival injection



Ocular examination showed an unaided visual acuity of 6/6 in the right eye and 6/9 in the left eye. Ocular motility was full. Intraocular pressures were 10 mm Hg in the right eye and 12 mm Hg in the left. Her left cornea was clear and did not stain with fluorescein, while her conjunctiva was diffusely injected. Slit lamp examination of her left anterior chamber showed 1+ for cells and flare. Dilated funduscopy showed a clear vitreous and healthy fundus. Her right ocular examination was normal.

1.  What is the most likely diagnosis?

2.  How is the diagnosis confirmed?

3.  How is the condition managed?

4.  What complications might occur?

### 1. What is the most likely diagnosis?

#### Short answer

Left herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) with associated anterior uveitis.

#### Discussion

HZO occurs when latent varicella zoster virus (VZV), residing in the ganglion of the trigeminal nerve, reactivates and affects the ophthalmic nerve (V1). Primary infection with VZV commonly occurs in childhood as chickenpox. Anterior uveitis occurs in 40-50% of all cases of HZO.1

The …
MB-86BREASTFEEDING DURING AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANT FOR MEDULLOBLASTOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Jill Mallory, Amanda Graul-Conroy, Kenneth Desantes, Kristin Casey, Shahriar Salamat, Michael Fazio, Diane Puccetti
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)

Over 4000 central nervous system tumors are diagnosed each year in children and teens in the United States, and an estimated 10-15% of these are in Overall survival
Echocardiographic Ischemic Memory Imaging Through Complement-Mediated Vascular Adhesion of Phosphatidylserine-Containing Microbubbles
Authors: Brian Mott, William Packwood, Aris Xie, J. Todd Belcik, Ronald P. Taylor, Yan Zhao, Brian P. Davidson, Jonathan R. Lindner
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
The Effect of Carotene on the Lactic Acid Production and Hexokinase Activity of Hemolysates From Cancerous and Noncancerous Persons&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J. H. Hill, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article The Effect of Carotene on the Lactic Acid Production and Hexokinase Activity of Hemolysates From Cancerous and Noncancerous Persons Get access J. H. Hill, M.D. J. H. Hill, M.D. Department of Pathology and Oncology, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, Kansas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 2, February 1957, Pages 323–333, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.2.323 Published: 01 February 1957 Article history Received: 29 August 1956 Published: 01 February 1957
Retraction: DNA Methylation Profiles of Lymphoid and Hematopoietic Malignancies
Authors: Takao Takahashi, Narayan Shivapurkar, Jyotsna Reddy, Hisayuki Shigematsu, Kuniharu Miyajima, Makoto Suzuki, Shinichi Toyooka, Sabine Zöchbauer-Müller, Johannes Drach, Gunjan Parikh, Yingye Zheng, Ziding Feng, Steven H Kroft, Charles Timmons, Robert W McKenna, Adi F Gazdar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)
Bone Disease in Thalassemia: A Molecular and Clinical Overview
Authors: Phillip Wong, Peter J. Fuller, Matthew T. Gillespie, Frances Milat
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2016)

Thalassemia bone disease is a common and severe complication of thalassemia-an inherited blood disorder due to mutations in the α or β hemoglobin gene. In its more severe form, severe anemia is present, and treatment with frequent red blood cell transfusion is necessary. Because the body has limited capacity to excrete iron, concomitant iron chelation is required to prevent the complications of iron overload. The effects of chronic anemia and iron overload can lead to multiple end-organ complications such as cardiomyopathy, increased risks of blood-borne diseases, and liver, pituitary, and bone disease. However, our understanding of thalassemia bone disease is incomplete and is composed of a complex piecemeal of risk factors that include genetic factors, hormonal deficiency, marrow expansion, skeletal dysmorphism, iron toxicity, chelators, and increased bone turnover. The high prevalence of bone disease in transfusion-dependent thalassemia is seen in both younger and older patients as life expectancy continues to improve. Indeed, hypogonadism and GH deficiency contribute to a failure to achieve peak bone mass in this group. The contribution of kidney dysfunction to bone disease in thalassemia is a new and significant complication. This coincides with studies confirming an increase in kidney stones and associated accelerated bone loss in the thalassemia cohort. However, multiple factors are also associated with reduced bone mineral density and include marrow expansion, iron toxicity, iron chelators, increased bone turnover, GH deficiency, and hypogonadism. Thalassemia bone disease is a composite of not only multiple hormonal deficiencies but also multiorgan diseases. This review will address the molecular mechanisms and clinical risk factors associated with thalassemia bone disease and the clinical implications for monitoring and treating this disorder.
Inflammatory status and lymphocyte of infiltration of primary tumor predict survival of prostate cancer patients undergone prostate radical radiotherapy
Authors: T. Carfagno, L. Semeraro, V. Nardone, G. Vischi, P. Ferrara, M. Ambrosio, A. Barone, E. Martino, P. Pastina, L. Pirtoli, P. Correale
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Microscopic Diagnosis
Authors: Gilbert H. Friedell
Journal: JAMA (1965)

At the present time it is generally agreed that carcinoma-in-situ is a recognizable stage in the development of invasive epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix, and that if the in situ lesion is not treated there is a high probability that it will progress to invasive cancer within the lifetime of the patient. It is also the consensus that the diagnosis can only be established with certainty after microscopic examination. Other diagnostic methods, notably the use of exfoliative cytology and the performance of a Schiller test as part of a careful clinical examination of the patient, are of the greatest value in finding cases of possible or probable carcinoma-in-situ, but a definite diagnosis must await histopathological study. Terminology for the range of microscopic epithelial changes between normal epithelium and invasive epidermoid carcinoma varies from one author to another, and no system of nomenclature has as yet been uniformly adopted. Our classification
RA-04COMPARISON OF RATES OF IDENTIFICATION OF “DROP METASTASES” BY BALANCED FAST FIELD ECHO (BFFE) VERSUS T1-POST CONTRAST MRI OF THE SPINE AMONG CHILDREN WITH NEWLY-DIAGNOSED PNET/MB, GERM CELL TUMORS AND HYPOTHALAMIC LOW-GRADE GLIOMAS
Authors: Korgun Koral, Lynn Gargan, Daniel C. Bowers
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2016)
Circulating pretreatment Epstein Barr Virus DNA quantification as a prognostic factor in nasopharyngeal cancer patients in a non endemic area
Authors: S. Alfieri, C. Resteghini, L. Pala, S. Marceglia, N.A. Iacovelli, E. Orlandi, A. Cavallo, A. Gloghini, G.P. Gesu, D. Fanti, S. Racca, R. Dvir, D. Morelli, F. Taverna, P. Quattrone, C. Bergamini, R. Granata, M.C. Cau, L.D. Locati, L. Licitra, P. Bossi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Training vocational rehabilitation counselors who work with chronic mental patients
Authors: D E Creasey, T P McCarthy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

Because of the inefficacy of disparate psychiatric and rehabilitative approaches to psychosocial restoration of chronic mental patients, the authors designed the New England Psychiatric Rehabilitation Training Program for vocational rehabilitation counselors who work with these patients. The program extends Erikson's epigenetic sequence to development of work capacity and emphasizes a comprehensive, multiaxial approach to psychopathology and vocational rehabilitation. After 6 weeks of seminars, clinical work, and supervision, counselors return to their agencies and receive an additional 8 weeks of part-time support from field faculty instructors.
Effects of Nicotinic Acid on Serum and Tissue Cholesterol in Rabbits
Authors: JOSEPH M. MERRILL, JANET LEMLEY-STONE
Journal: Circulation Research (1957)

Studies reported in this communication showed that under the experimental conditions, nicotinic acid partially prevented a rise in serum cholesterol but effectively prevented cholesterol deposition in the aorta and, to a lesser extent, cholesterol storage in the liver.
Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Lei Jiang, Hui Tan, Cedric M. Panje, Haojun Yu, Yan Xiu, Hongcheng Shi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Purpose Although intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary hepatic malignancy after hepatocellular carcinoma, there are limited data available on PET/CT imaging in ICC. This retrospective study analyzed the role of PET/CT imaging in the evaluation of ICC. Methods FDG PET/CT findings were reviewed in 65 patients with histologically confirmed ICC. PET/CT was evaluated based on visual interpretation and the semiquantitative index of SUVmax and tumor-to-normal liver tissue ratio (TNR), which were consequently further analyzed and correlated with tumor localization, differentiation, size, and serum levels of tumor markers. Forty-five cases also underwent abdominal MRI examinations. Results Nineteen patients had hilar ICC, whereas 46 patients had peripheral ICC. Sixty cases of ICC showed elevated FDG uptake with an average SUVmax of 8.3 ± 4.7 and TNR of 3.1 ± 1.7. Five cases located in the hilum were false negative on PET/CT imaging. Compared with hilar ICC, SUVmax and TNR of peripheral ICC were significantly higher (P < 0.05). FDG accumulation correlated with the degree of ICC differentiation. SUVmax and TNR correlated with tumor size, whereas there was no correlation observed with serum levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PET/CT and MRI in the diagnosis of regional lymph node metastases were 70.0% versus 50%, 91.7% versus 83.3%, and 81.8% versus 68.2%, respectively. PET/CT upstaged 12.3% and downstaged 3.1% of cases and had no impact on patient management in the remaining 84.6% of cases. Conclusions Combination of FDG PET/CT and abdominal MRI might improve the diagnostic accuracy for ICC.
<i>Notes from the Field:</i>Strongyloidiasis at a Long-Term–Care Facility for the Developmentally Disabled — Arizona, 2015
Authors: Jefferson M. Jones, Clancey Hill, Graham Briggs, Elizabeth Gray, Sukwan Handali, Isabel McAuliffe, Susan Montgomery, Kenneth Komatsu, Laura Adams
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2016)

Strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode endemic in the tropics and subtropics. Infection is usually acquired through skin contact with contaminated soil, or less commonly, from person to person through fecal contamination of the immediate environment. Infections are often asymptomatic, but can result in a pruritic rash, respiratory symptoms (e.g., cough or wheeze), and gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., diarrhea and vomiting). Immunosuppressed persons can develop strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome, which can be fatal (1). In June 2015, the Pinal County Public Health Services District in Arizona was notified of a suspected strongyloidiasis infection in a resident of a long-term-care facility for developmentally disabled persons. The patient had anemia and chronic eosinophilia. The patient's serum tested positive for S. stercoralis-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and at CDC by a crude antigen ELISA, a quantitative assay for detection of IgG against S. stercoralis. An investigation was conducted to determine the infection source and identify additional cases.
Abstract 16678: Role of C-Reactive Protein in Distinguishing Diastolic Heart Failure Induced Pulmonary Hypertension From Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Jason N Salamon, Farbod Raiszadeh, Jeremy Mazurek, Ronald Zolty
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Diastolic heart failure is associated with multiple chronic medical conditions including pulmonary hypertension (DHF-PH). DHF-PH has significant echocardiographic overlap with Pulmonary...
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John Figgis Jewett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

COMMITTEE ON MATERNAL WELFAREDisseminated Lupus ErythematosusA 29-year-old gravida 4, para 3, whose youngest child was 2 1/2 years old, was admitted to the hospital at eight weeks because of pitting edema, a productive cough, chest pain, dyspnea on exertion, casts, and a 4 + urinary test for protein. Two weeks earlier sinusitis had been treated with penicillin for six days, and she reported migratory joint pains of five years' duration. X-ray study showed left-sided pleural effusion; the sedimentation rate was 42 mm per hour, and Klebsiella pneumoniae organisms were found in the urine. Two L.E.-cell preparations were positive. . . .
Overtube-assisted over-the-wire stent placement to treat a post-surgical duodenal leak
Authors: Antonino Granata, Gabriele Curcio, Dario Ligresti, Ilaria Tarantino, Luca Barresi, Gaspare Solina, Mario Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2016)

A 51-year-old woman affected with Crohn's disease developed a distal ileum abscess requiring right hemicolectomy. A few days later, bile was flowing from surgical drains, and a computed tomography (CT) scan showed a duodenal leak. Surgical suture of the duodenal wall was attempted, but failed.