tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemidesmosome integrity protects the colon against colitis and colorectal cancer
Authors: Adèle De Arcangelis, Hussein Hamade, Fabien Alpy, Sylvain Normand, Emilie Bruyère, Olivier Lefebvre, Agnès Méchine-Neuville, Stéphanie Siebert, Véronique Pfister, Patricia Lepage, Patrice Laquerriere, Doulaye Dembele, Anne Delanoye-Crespin, Sophie Rodius, Sylvie Robine, Michèle Kedinger, Isabelle Van Seuningen, Patricia Simon-Assmann, Mathias Chamaillard, Michel Labouesse, Elisabeth Georges-Labouesse
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Epidemiological and clinical data indicate that patients suffering from IBD with long-standing colitis display a higher risk to develop colorectal high-grade dysplasia. Whereas carcinoma invasion and metastasis rely on basement membrane (BM) disruption, experimental evidence is lacking regarding the potential contribution of epithelial cell/BM anchorage on inflammation onset and subsequent neoplastic transformation of inflammatory lesions. Herein, we analyse the role of the α6β4 integrin receptor found in hemidesmosomes that attach intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to the laminin-containing BM. <h3>Design</h3> We developed new mouse models inducing IEC-specific ablation of α6 integrin either during development (α6<sup>ΔIEC</sup>) or in adults (α6<sup>ΔIEC-TAM</sup>). <h3>Results</h3> Strikingly, all α6<sup>ΔIEC</sup> mutant mice spontaneously developed long-standing colitis, which degenerated overtime into infiltrating adenocarcinoma. The sequence of events leading to disease onset entails hemidesmosome disruption, BM detachment, IL-18 overproduction by IECs, hyperplasia and enhanced intestinal permeability. Likewise, IEC-specific ablation of α6 integrin induced in adult mice (α6<sup>ΔIEC-TAM</sup>) resulted in fully penetrant colitis and tumour progression. Whereas broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment lowered tissue pathology and IL-1β secretion from infiltrating myeloid cells, it failed to reduce Th1 and Th17 response. Interestingly, while the initial intestinal inflammation occurred independently of the adaptive immune system, tumourigenesis required B and T lymphocyte activation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We provide for the first time evidence that loss of IECs/BM interactions triggered by hemidesmosome disruption initiates the development of inflammatory lesions that progress into high-grade dysplasia and carcinoma. Colorectal neoplasia in our mouse models resemble that seen in patients with IBD, making them highly attractive for discovering more efficient therapies.
Varicocele Is Associated with Impaired Semen Quality and Reproductive Hormone Levels: A Study of 7035 Healthy Young Men from Six European Countries
Authors: Jakob Damsgaard, Ulla N. Joensen, Elisabeth Carlsen, Juris Erenpreiss, Martin Blomberg Jensen, Valentinas Matulevicius, Birute Zilaitiene, Inge A. Olesen, Antti Perheentupa, Margus Punab, Andrea Salzbrunn, Jorma Toppari, Helena E. Virtanen, Anders Juul, Niels E. Skakkebæk, Niels Jørgensen
Journal: European Urology (2016)
A Novel Role of Histone Deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) in Regulation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell (MDSC) Expansion
Authors: Eva Sahakian, John Powers, Jennifer Rock-Klotz, Marsilio Adriani, Karrune V. Woan, Oscar Merino, Ajaypal S. Gill, Susan Deng, Fengdong Cheng, Alejandro Villagra, Noreen Luetteke, Edward Seto, Eduardo M. Sotomayor, Ivan M. Borrello, Javier Pinilla-Ibarz
Journal: Blood (2011)
Diagnosis: schizophrenia versus posterior aphasia
Authors: S N Gerson, F Benson, S H Frazier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

Schizophrenia and posterior aphasia are easily cross-diagnosed, primarily because of similarities in verbal output, i.e., vagueness, looseness of association, and apparent confusion. Tape-recorded interviews with 8 posterior aphasics and 10 "loose" schizophrenics were transcribed and analyzed to provide guidelines for the clinician to differentiate the two conditions by monitoring verbal expression. Six major differentiating characteristics were identified. The authors present hypotheses that emphasize differing neuroanatomical loci and neuropsychological mechanisms to explain the differences in verbal output in schizophrenia and posterior aphasia.
Dexamethasone Alone or in Combination with Ondansetron for the Prevention of Delayed Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Chemotherapy
Authors: The Italian Group for Antiemetic Research
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The prevention of delayed nausea and vomiting caused by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy for cancer has not been studied systematically.We enrolled patients who were scheduled to receive chemotherapy for the first time in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter study. All the patients received ondansetron combined with dexamethasone for prophylaxis against emesis that might occur within 24 hours after the start of chemotherapy (acute emesis). They were then divided into two groups: patients who did not have either vomiting or moderate-to-severe nausea (the low-risk group) and patients who had one or both (the high-risk group). Patients in the low-risk group were then randomly assigned to one of the following regimens, given on days 2 through 5 after the start of chemotherapy: oral placebo, 4 mg of dexamethasone given orally twice daily, or 8 mg of ondansetron in combination with 4 mg of dexamethasone, given orally twice daily. Patients in the high-risk group were randomly assigned to receive oral dexamethasone alone or in combination with ondansetron at the same doses as those used in the low-risk group.Among the 618 patients in the low-risk group, there was a complete absence of both delayed vomiting and moderate-to-severe nausea in 91.8 percent of those who received ondansetron combined with dexamethasone, 87.4 percent of those who received dexamethasone alone, and 76.8 percent of those who received placebo. The proportions of patients who were protected by dexamethasone combined with ondansetron or by dexamethasone alone were significantly greater than the proportion protected by placebo (P<0.001 and P<0.02, respectively). Of the 87 patients in the high-risk group, complete protection was achieved in 40.9 percent of those treated with ondansetron and dexamethasone and in 23.3 percent treated with dexamethasone alone (P not significant).The best way to prevent delayed nausea and vomiting in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy is to control these complications within the first 24 hours after the start of chemotherapy. Dexamethasone alone provides adequate protection against delayed emesis in patients at low risk (those who have not had acute emesis).
A Phase 1/2 Study of WT1 Peptide Cancer Vaccine WT4869 in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)
Authors: Takahiro Suzuki, Yasunori Ueda, Michinori Ogura, Toshiki Uchida, Keiya Ozawa, Shigesaburo Miyakoshi, Tomoki Naoe, Makoto Murata, Masahiro Kizaki, Naokuni Uike, Yasunobu Abe, Michihiro Hidaka, Shuzo Tagashira, Satoru Tsuchiya, Kazuma Ohyashiki, Yasushi Miyazaki
Journal: Blood (2015)
HLA Class I Ligandome Analysis In Acute Myeloid Leukemia – Novel T-Cell Epitopes For Peptide-Based Immunotherapy
Authors: Stickel S. Juliane, Claudia Berlin, Daniel J. Kowalewski, Heiko Schuster, Lothar Kanz, Helmut R. Salih, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Stefan Stevanovic
Journal: Blood (2013)
A Brief Clinical Tool to Estimate Individual Patients’ Risk of Depressive Relapse Following Remission: Proof of Concept
Authors: Lewis L. Judd, Pamela J. Schettler, A. John Rush
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

The authors sought to determine whether symptoms experienced by formerly depressed patients after at least 8 weeks of remission can be used to identify their risk for relapse during the next 6 months.The study included 188 patients with major depressive disorder from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Depression Study who had at least one Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) assessment after at least 8 weeks of full remission from a depressive episode (defined as a value of 1 on the weekly psychiatric rating scale for all depressive conditions, recorded on Longitudinal Follow-Up Evaluation interviews). Mixed logistic regression was used to identify a set of SCL-90 items that were most predictive of relapse compared with nonrelapse within the next 6 months.Of 514 SCL-90 assessments completed after remission, 73 (14.2%) were followed by depressive relapse within 6 months. Seventeen SCL-90 items (including symptoms of depression, anxiety, and psychological vulnerability) significantly distinguished relapse from nonrelapse. Of these, a set of 12 symptoms maximally separated relapse from nonrelapse. Experiencing one or more of these symptoms had a sensitivity of 80.8% and a specificity of 51.2% for identifying a period in which a relapse occurred, with a positive predictive value of 21.5% and a negative predictive value of 94.2%. The relapse rate was 5.8% when none of the 12 symptoms were present, 16.4% when one to five symptoms were present, 34.1% when six to nine symptoms were present, and 72.7% when 10 or more symptoms were present.A brief symptom scale can be used to identify patients who, despite full remission from a depressive episode, are at substantial risk of relapse within the next 6 months, and this can be used to provide a basis for personalizing the intensity of follow-up visits.
DOT1L as a therapeutic target for the treatment of DNMT3A-mutant acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Rachel E. Rau, Benjamin A. Rodriguez, Min Luo, Mira Jeong, Allison Rosen, Jason H. Rogers, Carly T. Campbell, Scott R. Daigle, Lishing Deng, Yongcheng Song, Steve Sweet, Timothy Chevassut, Michael Andreeff, Steven M. Kornblau, Wei Li, Margaret A. Goodell
Journal: Blood (2016)
The physiognomic basis of sexual stereotyping
Authors: K A Nakdimen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Although it is routine for mental status reports to comment on appearance and attractiveness, there is no prevailing theory to explain the psychological impact of physical features. Two perceptual processes are proposed: nonverbal quasi-communication (counterfeit body language) and nonverbal quasi-information (spurious information). Applying this perspective to the sexual dimorphism of anatomy, clothing, and makeup, one finds that appearance fosters the belief that men and women have the personality traits that are stereotypically attributed to them, and this seems to be at the heart of physical attractiveness.
Whom to refer for group psychotherapy
Authors: H Grunebaum, W Kates
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

The authors believe that group psychotherapy is a useful modality in terms of both economic use of resources and manpower and effective treatment for many common problems. Three major indications for group therapy are inappropriate patterns of interpersonal relationships, the tendency to act immediately on feelings, and the potential or existence of a transference that impedes individual therapy. Patients in these categories who are also in crisis or have a neurotic problem for which the development of a transference neurosis is indicated may require individual therapy instead of or in addition to group therapy. The attitude of the referring physician is crucial; he/she must provide support during the transition and must believe that group therapy can substantially benefit the patient.
Case 41-1986
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Elizabeth C. Dooling, Edward P. Richardson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 16-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of a brain tumor.The patient was known to have had seizures during the first two years of his life. He was treated at another hospital with "removal of water from the brain." During the 18 months before admission he had periodic bilateral diffuse headaches, which were infrequently associated with vomiting and were relieved by aspirin. Four months before admission the headaches increased in severity and frequency, often occurring daily, and he began to have transient episodes of "foggy" vision in both eyes. Two weeks . . .
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Alterations in Bone Marrow Lesions in Patients With Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: T. Mark Campbell, Sarah M. Churchman, Alejandro Gomez, Dennis McGonagle, Philip G. Conaghan, Frederique Ponchel, Elena Jones
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2016)

In patients with osteoarthritis (OA), bone marrow lesions (BMLs) are intimately linked to disease progression. We hypothesized that aberrant multipotential stromal cell (also known as mesenchymal stem cell [MSC]) responses within bone tissue contributes to BML pathophysiology. The aim of this study was to investigate BML and non-BML native subchondral bone MSCs for numeric, topographic, in vitro functional, and gene expression differences.Ex vivo 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the femoral heads of 20 patients with hip OA was performed. MRI-determined BML and non-BML regions were excised and enzymatically treated to extract cells and quantify MSCs using flow cytometry and colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F) assay. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to determine in vivo CD271+ MSC distribution. Culture-expanded CD271+ cells were analyzed for tripotentiality and gene expression.BML regions were associated with greater trabecular bone area and cartilage damage compared with non-BML regions. The proportion of CD45-CD271+ MSCs was higher in BML regions compared with non-BML regions (median difference 5.6-fold; P < 0.001); the CFU-F assay showed a similar trend (median difference 4.3-fold; P = 0.013). Immunohistochemistry revealed CD271+ cell accumulation in bone adjacent to cartilage defects and areas of osteochondral angiogenesis. BML MSCs had lower proliferation and mineralization capacities in vitro and altered expression of TNFSF11/RANKL and CXCR4/stromal cell-derived factor 1 receptor. OA MSCs showed up-regulated transcripts for CXCR1 and CCR6 compared with MSCs derived from healthy or osteoporotic bone.This study is the first to show numeric and topographic alterations in native MSCs in the diseased bone of patients with hip OA. Given the associated functional perturbation of MSCs, these data suggest that subchondral bone MSC manipulation may be an OA treatment target.
Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Late Post-Treatment Pain in Women Treated for Primary Breast Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Maja Johannsen, Maja O’Connor, Mia Skytte O’Toole, Anders Bonde Jensen, Inger Højris, Robert Zachariae
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2016)

To assess the efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for late post-treatment pain in women treated for primary breast cancer.
Altered Oncogenic Fitness of Imatinib- and Dasatinib-Resistant BCR-ABL Mutants Is Due to Differential Intrinsic Kinase Activity and Signaling Pathway Selection Defined by Phosphoproteome Profiling.
Authors: Brian J. Skaggs, Michael R. Burgess, Mercedes E. Gorre, Thomas G. Graeber, Charles L. Sawyers
Journal: Blood (2005)
P-117 Phase II study of combination chemotherapy of gemcitabine/S-1 with nafamostat mesilate for advanced unresectable pancreatic cancer. First report
Authors: T. Uwagawa, T. Sakamoto, Y. Nakaseko, Y. Takano, K. Furukawa, M. Kanehira, S. Onda, T. Gocho, H. Shiba, Y. Arakawa, K. Aiba, K. Yanaga
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2016)
CMS Updates Health Care Facility Fire Safety Regulations
Authors: Julie A. Jacob
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prescription of Brand-Name Medications When Generic Alternatives Are Available—Patently Unfair
Authors: Walid F. Gellad, Chester B. Good
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
FDG PET Brain Scan Demonstrated Glucose Hypometabolism of Bilateral Caudate Nuclei and Putamina in a Patient With Chorea-acanthocytosis
Authors: Ruixue Cui, Hui You, Na Niu, Fang Li
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Chorea-acanthocytosis is 1 type of neuroacanthocytosis that is a group of rare, hereditary neurodegenerative disorders. We presented a brain FDG PET finding of a 31-year-old woman with chorea-acanthocytosis. The images demonstrated significant hypometabolism in bilateral caudate nuclei and putamina. The finding of FDG PET is more prominent than that of MRI. Another interesting observation is the mildly increased FDG uptake in pituitary gland, although its relationship with the disease is unclear.
“Take two”? The role of second opinions for breast biopsy specimens
Authors: Rohit Bhargava, Nancy E Davidson
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Diagnostic accuracy improves when pathologists work together

Most pathologists do not work alone. They often share challenging cases with their colleagues locally and seek outside consultation for difficult cases if intradepartmental agreement is lacking. Because of sheer volume and complexity of interpretation, breast biopsy specimens often receive secondary review. The reasons driving these reviews are variable, but it presumably reflects the belief that another opinion can minimise or eliminate uncertainty and ultimately improve patient outcome.

In this issue, Elmore and colleagues (doi:10.1136/bmj.i3069) carried out a simulation study to analyse 12 different strategies for obtaining second opinions to improve the interpretation of breast histopathology.1 This study extends the authors’ previous work in which they reported a 25% level of discordance among pathologists in interpretation of breast biopsy specimens, particularly atypical hyperplasia.2 The first study had well described limitations, including its “artificial” study design (use of samples not representative of the actual case mix from routine practice), provision …
Abstract 14366: T-lymphocytes May Contribute to Thrombus Formation in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome via Expression of Tissue Factor
Authors: Giovanni Cimmino, Giovanni Ciccarelli, Stefano Conte, Grazia Pellegrino, Luigi Insabato, Gaetano Calì, Plinio Cirillo, Paolo Golino
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Activation of T-cells plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We have previously shown that plaques from ACS patients are characterized by a selective oligoclonal expansion of T-cells, indicating a specific, antigen-mediated recruitment of T-cells within the unstable lesions. We have also previously reported that activated T-cells in vitro express functional Tissue Factor (TF) on their surface. At the moment, however it is not known whether expression of TF by T-cells may contribute to thrombus formation in vivo. Methods: Blood was collected from the aorta and the coronary sinus of 13 NSTEMI and 10 stable CAD patients. CD3+ cells were selectively isolated and TF gene expression (real time PCR)and protein levels (western blot) were evaluated. In additional 7 STEMI patients, thrombotic formation material was obtained from the occluded coronary artery by catheter aspiration during primary PCI. TF expression in CD3+ cells was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Results: Transcardiac TF expression in CD3+ cells was significantly higher in NSTEMI patients as compared to CD3+ cells obtained from stable CAD patients. Interestingly, thrombi aspirated from STEMI patients resulted enriched in CD3+cells, which expressed TF on their surface as shown in the figure. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that in patients with ACS, T-lymphocytes may express surface TF, thus contributing to the process of thrombus formation. This finding may shed new light into the pathophysiologyof ACS.