tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AT-01 * PHASE I TRIAL OF DOSE ESCALATED RADIOSURGERY PLUS BEVACIZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RECURRENT/PROGRESSIVE GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: M. Abbassy, S. Missios, C. Brewer, D. Peereboom, M. Ahluwalia, G. Neyman, S. Chao, J. Suh, G. Barnett, M. Vogelbaum
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Management of recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM) after standard initial therapy remains one of the most difficult challenges in oncology.Prior use of salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for rGBM often involved maximum prescription doses defined by RTOG 90-05.We
Immunohistochemistry-based marker profile accurately predicts risk in operable, hormone receptor-positive patients.
Authors: SP Linke, TM Bremer, J Jacquemier, E Charafe-Jauffret, P Viens, D Birnbaum
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #1062 Background: The performance of current prognostic breast cancer tests is limited, because they only address simple additive molecular risks, and the results are often difficult to interpret in the context of overlapping clinicopathologic risks. Gene expression-based tests can be further confounded by contamination with non-tumor cells. Our goal was to develop a protein-based profile that addresses these limitations. Methods: ER, PR, Her2, EGFR, BCL2, p27/Kip1, and p53 (IHC) and MYC (FISH) were scored in tumor cells of FFPE tissue from patients with operable, pN0-2, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer at two clinical sites. A consensus prognostic model was trained using robust cross-validation in 290 hormone therapy (HT)-treated patients using statistical pattern recognition methods to account for complex marker interactions. Tumor grade, pT, and pN were directly incorporated into the model to the extent they were not replaced by the molecular markers. Continuous risk scores ranging from 0 to 10+ were generated for the 290 HT-treated patients, 90 untreated patients, and 119 patients treated with chemotherapy and HT. Results: A predetermined threshold of 3.8 separated HT-treated patients into high and low risk groups with hazard ratios of 8.8 (p&amp;lt;1E-4) for metastasis and 13.0 (p&amp;lt;1E-4) for disease-specific survival (DSS) without the need for an equivocal intermediate risk group. NPV/PPV were 96%/35% for metastasis at 10 yr and 97%/27% for DSS at 8 yr. In multivariate analyses, the profile was independent and fully replaced the significance of all individual prognostic factors and clinical treatment guideline combinations. Within treatment guideline elevated risk groups (Adjuvant! relapse risk &amp;gt;15%, NPI &amp;gt;3.4, and St. Gallen intermediate/high), the profile reclassified as low risk 84%, 81%, and 85% of pN0 patients, and 43%, 43%, and 32% of pN1 patients, respectively. The reclassified patients had &amp;lt;10% 10-yr metastasis and &amp;lt;5% 8-yr DSS event rates. In HT-treated patients with profile risk scores &amp;gt;7.0, addition of chemotherapy produced a &amp;gt;20% DSS benefit at 8 years (p=0.04). Conclusion: This 8-marker profile with super-additive algorithm achieved significantly higher classification accuracy than treatment guidelines and could aid selection of the most appropriate level of adjuvant therapy in patients with operable breast cancer.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 1062.
SAT0187 Capillaroscopy: A Useful Tool for Identifying Primary Raynaud: Table 1
Authors: I. Martinez Cordellat, C. Molina Almela, I. Chalmeta Verdejo, J. Ivorra Cortes, E. Grau Garcia, C. Feced Olmos, L. Gonzalez Puig, R. Negueroles Albuixech, C. Nuñez-Cornejo Piquer, M.L. Muñoz Guillen, C. Alcañiz Escandell, J.L. Valero Sanz, J.A. Roman Ivorra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Identifying individuals with primary Raynaud who are likely to develop scleroderma or other connective tissue diseases is very important for early control and therapeutic management of the disease and has a large influence on the patient9s prognosis. The most appropriate method for this would be the capillaroscopy as it is an affordable, non-invasive and easy to use method. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the correlation between clinical diagnosis and capillaroscopic pattern in patients with both primary and secondary Raynaud9s phenomenon. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a descriptive observational study comprising 226 capillaroscopic assessments performed at H.U.P. La Fe in 2012-2013. All were conducted on patients with primary or secondary Raynaud9s phenomenon. Rheumatologists ignored the clinical diagnosis for each case and a capillaroscopic pattern was assigned to each patient based on observed characteristics. We performed a biostatistical analysis using a multinomial logistic regression model in order to estimate the likelihood of each diagnosis based on a given capillaroscopic pattern. Biostatistical analysis of the data was performed using a multinomial logistic regression model. <h3>Results</h3> The results obtained on the capillaroscopic assessments are: heterogeneous capillary pattern (19.5%); visible venous plexus (50.8%), normal capillary density (85.4%), decreased capillary (11%), and greatly decreased capillary density (3.5%); elongated capillary morphology (25.6%), lack of dilatation (27.4%), isolated dilatation (42%) and diffuse dilatation (30.5%); presence of mega-capillaries (26.1%); bleeding (58.4%), presence of avascular areas (5.7%), absence of windings (12.8%), presence of grade I tortuosities (31.2%), grade II tortuosities (40.7%) and grade III tortuosities (13.3%); and angiogenesis (30.5%). Based on these results, the patients were classified according to the capillaroscopic pattern and clinical diagnosis. See Table 1. Based on these results, we observed a statistical probability of 68% of Primary Raynaud in patients with a normal capillaroscopic pattern. In addition, the presence of Grade 2 and Grade 3 tortuosity correlated positively with secondary Raynaud (<i>p</i>=0.0007 and <i>p</i>=0.024, respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results showed that a high percentage of cases with a regular capillaroscopic pattern had a high probability of presenting/displaying Primary Raynaud. Therefore, capillaroscopy could be useful in determining primary Raynaud9s according to the pattern seen. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4985
Abstract 1793: ADAR1 regulates <i>ARHGAP26</i> expression by RNA editing through destruction of the miR-30b-3p and miR-573 target sites.
Authors: Qiong Wang, Zhendong Guo, Weina Zhang, Li Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Rho GTPase activating protein 26 (ARHGAP26) is a putative tumor suppressor gene. It was observed to negatively regulate the small GTP-binding protein RhoA and be down-regulated in myeloid malignancies and metastatic brain cancers. Herein, we demonstrated that ARHGAP26 transcript undergoes extensive A-to-I RNA editing catalyzed by ADAR1 in its 3’-UTR. Either knocking down of ADAR1 by silencing or overexpression by ADAR1 expression vector decreased or increased the expression level of ARHGAP26 gene. Furthermore, luciferase assay showed that miR-30b-3p and miR-573 targeted the ARHGAP26, but the RNA editing abolished the effect of miR-30b-3p or miR-573. In addition, we observed that the level of the A-to-I RNA editing on ARHGAP26 transcript decreased significantly in human brain cancer tissues comparing to their controls, which contributes to the down-regulation of the ARHGAP26 expression in human cancer tissues. These data suggested that ADAR1 regulated the expression of ARHGAP26 gene by A-to-I RNA editing through destruction of the existing miR-30b-3p and miR-573 target sites. It implied that down-regulation of tumor suppressors through RNA editing is one crucial way to explain how dyregulation of RNA editing involves in tumorigenesis. Citation Format: Qiong Wang, Zhendong Guo, Weina Zhang, Li Wang. ADAR1 regulates ARHGAP26 expression by RNA editing through destruction of the miR-30b-3p and miR-573 target sites. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1793. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1793 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
The Anatomy of the Posterior Communicating Artery as a Risk Factor for Ischemic Cerebral Infarction
Authors: Don F. Schomer, Michael P. Marks, Gary K. Steinberg, Iain M. Johnstone, Derek B. Boothroyd, Michael R. Ross, Norbert J. Pelc, Dieter R. Enzmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

After the occlusion of an internal carotid artery the principal source of collateral flow is through the arteries of the circle of Willis, but the size and patency of these arteries are quite variable. Study of the anatomy of the collateral pathways in patients with internal-carotid-artery occlusion with or without infarction in the watershed area of the deep white matter may identify patterns that afford protection from ischemic infarction.Using conventional magnetic resonance imaging and three-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography, we evaluated 29 consecutive patients (32 hemispheres at risk) with angiographically proved occlusion of the internal carotid artery. Four collateral pathways to the occluded vessel were evaluated: the proximal segment of the anterior cerebral artery, the posterior communicating artery, the ophthalmic artery, and leptomeningeal collateral vessels from the posterior cerebral artery.Only features of the ipsilateral posterior communicating artery were related to the risk of watershed infarction. The presence of posterior communicating arteries measuring at least 1 mm in diameter was associated with the absence of watershed infarction (13 hemispheres, no infarcts; P < 0.001). Conversely, there were 4 watershed infarcts in the 6 hemispheres with posterior communicating arteries measuring less than 1 mm in diameter and 10 infarcts in the 13 hemispheres with no detectable flow in the ipsilateral posterior communicating artery.A small (< 1 mm in diameter) or absent ipsilateral posterior communicating artery is a risk factor for ischemic cerebral infarction in patients with internal-carotid-artery occlusion.
Group Seeks Approach to Genetic Counseling
Authors: B. Kuska
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Group Seeks Approach to Genetic Counseling Get access Bob Kuska Bob Kuska Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 7, 5 April 1995, Pages 485–486, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.7.485 Published: 05 April 1995
Tumor Cell Invasion—Not All Barriers Are Created Equal
Authors: Danny R. Welch
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

The importance of invasion in the complex process of metastasis, although now well established, has been studied with increasing molecular detail due to the development of robust in vitro experimental assays. In this issue of Cancer Research, we highlight a paper published by George Poste and colleagues that compared and contrasted several different invasion assays. The authors concluded that various barriers impose different selective pressures and that simply enriching for invasive ability did not necessarily translate into greater metastasis efficiency. Although perhaps obvious now, these findings were surprising when they were published. Certainly, the data highlight the importance of tumor cell-microenvironment interactions and the necessity to interpret experiments taking the context into consideration. Cancer Res; 76(7); 1675-6. ©2016 AACRSee related article by Poste et al., Cancer Res 1980;40:1636-44.
Consultant activity and the 2003 contract
Authors: Douglas Ef Newton
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2013)

The authors are correct in their statement that the 2003 contract awarded consultants more money for work they were already doing, because the Government ignored the available statistics.

A major factor was missed. Over the same period, the Senior Registrar grade was abolished. In military terms, this was equivalent to the abolition of the sergeant's mess. At a stroke a cadre of newly qualified, up-to-date, highly motivated specialists was removed from the NHS. In many specialties, particularly surgical, inpatient care revolved round the SRs. Skilled scheduling, expert ward care, and the emergency surgical service were all hit without the provision of extra resources for the consultants to take these tasks over. As a result, ward care deteriorated, managers booked surgical admissions into impracticable lists, and consultants did the emergencies at the expense of the day job.

This is the result of political manipulation of medical education to move from the highly qualified and experienced consultant to a “good enough” specialist who has to gain experience on the job.

In the absence of adequate records for the crucial period, we will never know whether the loss of the SR grade was an important factor.
Thyroid Lymphoma Incidentally Detected by 18F-Fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT
Authors: Amy Eccles, Amarnath Challapalli, Sameer Khan, Tara Barwick, Stephen Mangar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 63-year-old man underwent a (18)F-fluorocholine ((18)F-FCH) PET/CT for staging assessment of a high-risk locally advanced prostate cancer with an equivocal node on conventional workup (Gleason 4 + 5, PSA 11.1; T3b, N(0/1), M(0) on standard staging investigations). (18)F-FCH-avid disease was demonstrated in the prostate and several non-enlarged pelvic nodes. An incidental focus of tracer uptake was reported within the left lobe of the thyroid gland, with subtle enlargement of the left thyroid lobe on the CT component of the study. A diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was confirmed following thyroid ultrasound and cytology.
New Tobacco Ad Earns Strong Retort
Authors: C. K. Wittenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

New Tobacco Ad Earns Strong Retort Get access Clarissa K. Wittenberg Clarissa K. Wittenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 11, 3 August 1988, Pages 798–799, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.11.798-a Published: 03 August 1988
Effects on Blood Pressure of Reduced Dietary Sodium and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Diet
Authors: Frank M. Sacks, Laura P. Svetkey, William M. Vollmer, Lawrence J. Appel, George A. Bray, David Harsha, Eva Obarzanek, Paul R. Conlin, Edgar R. Miller, Denise G. Simons-Morton, Njeri Karanja, Pao-Hwa Lin, Mikel Aickin, Marlene M. Most-Windhauser, Thomas J. Moore, Michael A. Proschan, Jeffrey A. Cutler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The effect of dietary composition on blood pressure is a subject of public health importance. We studied the effect of different levels of dietary sodium, in conjunction with the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, which is rich in vegetables, fruits, and low-fat dairy products, in persons with and in those without hypertension.
Extractible self-expandable metal stent in the treatment of Crohn's disease anastomotic strictures
Authors: J. Branche, A. Attar, G. Vernier-Massouille, P. Bulois, J.-F. Colombel, Y. Bouhnik, V. Maunoury
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Stricture at the site of the ileocolonic anastomosis is a common complication in patients with Crohn's disease after surgical resection. In these patients, endoscopic balloon dilation has been developed as an alternative to iterative surgery. The rate of immediate success is excellent, but consecutive dilations are required in 50 % of cases [1]. First attempts to increase the efficacy of dilation long term by using a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) have failed because of early stent migration [2]. Here we report on our preliminary experience of a new stent that includes an antimigratory design, in patients with postsurgical ileocolonic Crohn's disease stricture.
Cutaneous Collagenous Vasculopathy
Authors: Dong-Lai Ma, Sergio Vano-Galvan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 38-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of asymptomatic, widespread rash. On examination, multiple telangiectasias were noted on the trunk, arms, and legs. A biopsy specimen from the abdominal wall revealed dilated vascular spaces in the upper dermis.
Molecular Biomarkers of Columnar Cell Lesions Identified by Proteomic Approaches.
Authors: D. Pape-Zambito, J. Kistler, X. Chen, X. Li, Y. Chen, K. Cai, H. Wu, M. Huang, A. Yeung, A. Patchefsky, M. Daly, A. Godwin
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract The widespread increase in the use of screening mammography has led to a significant rise in the detection and diagnosis of benign breast disease (BBD), which encompasses a wide variety of non-cancerous changes including columnar cell lesions (CCL). Epidemiologic studies provide evidence for a relationship between BBD and subsequent risk of developing breast cancer. Observational studies have reported CCL are found adjacent to areas of tubular carcinoma and ductal and lobular carcinomas in situ and recently published molecular data state that genetic abnormalities frequently found in low grade ductal carcinoma in situ are also found in CCL. All these data support the hypothesis that CCL are the earliest morphologically distinguishable precursor lesions to low grade ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive carcinoma. However, BBD is heterogeneous and there is limited understanding of the biological importance associated with the spectrum of lesions. The lack of accurate molecular-based risk categories, therefore, hinders the ability of assigning prognostic significance to benign biopsy findings. The purpose of our study was to identify putative molecular markers of cancer progression from epithelial cells of BBD lesions. Regions of ductal hyperplasia (DH) and normal breast epithelium were isolated from mastectomy specimens using laser capture microdissection and extracted proteins were analyzed through proteomic approaches. Of the 1,500 total protein spots resolved by 2-dimensional electrophoresis, 98 were differentially expressed between DH and normal breast epithelial proteomes. Twenty-two proteins or related isoforms were identified using mass spectrometry. Two proteins of particular interest, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and galectin-3, were further investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) on cases diagnosed with BBD lesions. NQO1 was expressed sporadically in overtly normal epithelial cells lining breast ducts, but was overexpressed in BBD and tumor tissues. Notably, we found that a subpopulation of DH tissues with CCL stained positively for NQO1 and negatively for galectin-3. This finding has significance because CCL can only be diagnosed morphologically and the presence of CCL in biopsy specimens may indicate a precancerous lesion. However, sectioning artifacts associated with core biopsies can hinder morphological diagnosis of CCL, thus a means to additionally identify these lesions using IHC has tremendous value. Together, immunohistochemical staining of NQO1 and galectin-3 may prove to be clinically relevant in the identification of CCL in biopsy samples. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2142.
Research Advocacy Group Formed
Authors: K. Ruddon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Research Advocacy Group Formed Get access Kate Ruddon Kate Ruddon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 7, 5 April 1989, Pages 478–479, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.7.478 Published: 05 April 1989
The Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Turkey
Authors: Kemal Tahaoğlu, Tülay Törün, Tülin Sevim, Güliz Ataç, Altan Kir, Levent Karasulu, İpek Özmen, Nilüfer Kapaklı
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

We evaluated the results of treatment in 158 consecutive patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis who were treated at our center in Istanbul.A total of 21 female patients and 137 male patients (age range, 15 to 68 years) received treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis between March 1992 and October 1999. The patients had previously received a mean of 5.7 antituberculosis drugs and were infected with organisms that were resistant to a mean of 4.4 drugs. All patients were infected with organisms that were resistant to both isoniazid and rifampicin. The regimens we used were selected on the basis of previous treatment protocols and the results of susceptibility tests. All patients received at least three drugs thought to be active; the treatment was continued for at least 18 months after the conversion to a negative culture and for at least 24 months in the absence of first-line drugs.The mean number of drugs given during the study was 5.5 (range, 3 to 9). Surgical resection was performed in 36 patients. Adverse effects led to discontinuation of one or more drugs in 62 patients (39 percent). Cultures became negative in 150 patients (95 percent) after a mean of 1.9 months (range, 1 to 9). The overall success rate of treatment was 77 percent, with cures in 78 patients (49 percent) and probable cures in 43 (27 percent). Treatment failed in 13 patients (8 percent). Seven patients died (4 percent). Seventeen patients (11 percent) did not complete the treatment regimen. The patients with unsuccessful outcomes were older than those with successful outcomes (mean age, 42 years vs. 36 years; P=0.008), had received a larger number of drugs previously (median, six vs. five; P=0.048), were more likely to have been treated previously with ofloxacin (57 percent vs. 30 percent, P=0.004), and were less likely to have received ofloxacin as part of the study protocol (65 percent vs. 84 percent, P=0.018). Thirty-eight percent of the patients with unsuccessful outcomes were infected with organisms that were resistant to more than five drugs. In a step-down logistic-regression analysis, a successful outcome was independently associated with a younger age (P=0.013) and the absence of previous treatment with ofloxacin (P=0.005).Most patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis can be cured with the use of appropriate, intensive treatment regimens.
Reducing Administrative Costs
Authors: Samuel Metz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

To the Editor: In their Perspective article, Cutler et al. (Nov.15 issue) 1 describe methods for reducing administrative costs in our health care system.The authors acknowledge that singlepayer systems eliminate many administrative expenses, but they omit those estimated savings and dismiss the adoption of a national singlepayer system as "unlikely."Estimates of administrative costs that could be recovered by a national single-payer system have been reported as $204 billion, 2 $230 billion, 3 $350 billion, 4 and ranging from $400 billion to $500 billion. 5These numbers can be compared with the authors' estimates of $23 billion in recoverable costs without a single-payer system.American single-payer health care is not impossible -it is a reality.More than 120 million Americans currently receive care through singlepayer plans, both private (multiemployer plans and self-funded plans) and public (e.g., Veterans Affairs, TRICARE, and Indian Health Service).That's 39% of our population.All these singlepayer plans provide better care to their populations for less money than private health insurance.We physicians should not underestimate the cost-effectiveness of a single-payer system.We should not dismiss our ability to convince the authors and our national leaders that single payer is not "unlikely"; it is inevitable.We are already 39% of the way there.