tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P126 The influence of breathing pattern on specific airways resistance
Authors: J. C. Kirkby, S. Sonnappa, J. Stocks
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Plethysmographic Specific Airways Resistance (sRaw) is measured during tidal breathing from the relationship between simultaneous measurements of airflow and change of plethysmographic pressure without need for airway occlusion.1 sRaw has been shown to be useful for discriminating lung disease in young children. It has previously been shown that breathing frequency (BF) can have a marked impact on measured values on sRaw,2 and recent recommendations have suggested BF should be maintained at 30–45 bpm.3 However, we hypothesise that the true impact of breathing pattern may relate more to pattern of breathing and flows attained than breathing frequency per se. <h3>Aim</h3> To determine the influence of flow and breathing frequency on specific effective airways resistance (sReff) measurements. <h3>Methods</h3> 12 healthy adults (age 17–56 year) performed repeated measures of sReff in the plethysmographic body box (V5.01, Cardinal Health) at either 30 bpm or 60 bpm at low flows (ie, quiet, natural breathing) or high flows (ie, forced breathing) in a random order. Paired t-tests were used to determine the impact of flow and BF on sReff. <h3>Results</h3> There was a significant increase in sReff (mean difference: 0.3 kPa·s (95% CI of the difference: 0.2 to 0.4) p&lt;0.0001) when flows were doubled from approximately ±1 l/s to ∼±2 l/s, while maintaining a constant BF. By contrast, when BF was doubled while maintaining a constant flow there was no significant change in sReff (mean difference: 0.06 kPa·s (95%CI of difference: 0 to 0.1), p=0.21) (Abstract P126 Figure 1). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The true impact of breathing pattern on sRaw relates more to flows attained than to breathing frequency. To facilitate improved repeatability and minimise inter-subject and inter-centre variability, it is essential that subjects are encouraged to breathe quietly and naturally during plethysmographic recordings of sRaw. Software adaptations that allow accurate display of flows during data collection and analysis are required before guidelines pertaining to flow can be generated.
A2.07 Antagonisticregulation of IL-17 and GM-CSF during cell development<i>ex vivo</i>and during experimental arthritis
Authors: DM Roeleveld, R Rogier, PM van der Kraan, WB van den Berg, IP Wicks, MI Koenders
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2016)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> GM-CSF is a pro-inflammatory cytokine suggested to be mainly expressed by the Th17 cell subset. Combination blocking of GM-CSF and the key Th17-cytokine IL-17 has shown to be much more effective in reducing experimental arthritis compared to single cytokine blocking, revealing a potential connexion between the two cytokines. With this study, we aimed to unravel the interplay between GM-CSF and IL-17 during Th17 differentiation <i><i>ex vivo</i></i> and <i><i>in vivo</i></i> during experimental arthritis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> We investigated whether IL-17 and GM-CSF levels were affected in a similar fashion when differentiating naïve murine CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells <i><i>ex vivo</i></i> under conditions suboptimal for Th17 development. Additionally, we determined the effect of incubation with GM-CSF and IL-17 recombinant proteins and neutralising antibodies on expression of both cytokines during<i><i>ex vivo</i></i> Th17 differentiation. Finally, we studied the IL-17/GM-CSF interplay in C57Bl6/J mice with mBSA/IL-1β-induced experimental arthritis treated with anti-GM-CSF or anti-IL-17 antibodies. <h3>Results</h3> Interestingly, our <i><i>ex vivo</i></i> studies showed increased GM-CSF levels after differentiating naïve cells under conditions suboptimal for Th17 development, while IL-17 levels decreased as expected. In line with this <i><i>ex vivo</i></i> finding, we observed higher systemic levels of IL-17 and GM-CSF in mice with experimental arthritis after GM-CSF and IL-17 neutralisation respectively. Remarkably, no effects of incubation of naïve CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells with IL-17 or GM-CSF recombinant proteins or neutralising antibodies during T cell differentiation were detected. This indicates that the two cytokines do not directly regulate each other's expression but require interaction with environmental cells for their suppressive actions. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data point towards deviating differentiation conditions and indirect antagonistic regulation of IL-17 and GM-CSF expression by CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, and provides further rationale for a combination blocking strategy of IL-17 and GM-CSF in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.
OXLDL/β2GPI COMPLEX BUT NOT FREE OXLDL IS ASSOCIATED WITH CAD SEVERITY IN STATIN NAïVE PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION
Authors: Paul A. Gurbel, Kevin Bliden, Kirk Guyer, Martin Gesheff, Christopher Franzese, Himabindu Kaza, Peter Toth, Udaya Tantry
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
ED-15 * LONG-TERM PROPHYLACTIC ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS USE IN PATIENTS WITH GLIOMAS: A 7 YEAR RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTER
Authors: S. Lapointe, M. Florescu, D. K. Nguyen, C. Djeffal, K. Belanger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: American Academy of Neurology's 2000 practice parameter do not support routine use of prophylactic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in newly diagnosed brain tumors. If used in the perioperative setting, they should be discontinued after the first postoperative week. However, it remains unclear whether such recommendations are followed. OBJECTIVE: To compare our use of long-term prophylactic AEDs in patients with gliomas to published practice guidelines by the AAN. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on 578 glioma cases evaluated in a single tertiary care center from 2006-2013. Data collected included demographic factors, surgical procedure and tumor characteristics. Seizures and AED use were assessed at surgery, 3 months post-operatively and death/last visit/16 months. Long-term prophylactic AED use was defined as continued use of AED at 3 months post-surgery in the absence of seizures. Patients were divided into three groups at surgery: seizure-free with and without prophylactic AEDs, and seizure-patients. Survival, prophylaxis efficacy and factors influencing its use were calculated. RESULTS: Out of 578 patients operated between 2006-2013, 330(57.1%) were seizure-naïve pre-operatively. 205/330(62.1%) received prophylactic AED at surgery. 96/205(46.9%) 95%CI(40.2-54.7) were still on AED 3 months post-surgery (median use = 58 days; 95%CI(31-152)). Rate of long-term prophylaxis use decreased by 13.5% over 6 years (70.3%-2006;56.8%-2012). Dilantin was the preferred agent in 2006(98.2%) with increasing use of Keppra over the years (44.6%-2012). There were no significant differences in age, histology, localisation and resected status between the seizure-free populations with and without prophylaxis. However, seizure-population had more men (p = 0.0068), younger patients (p < 0.0001), lower-grade gliomas (p = 0.0003) and lived longer (p = 0.0012,HR = 0.5423,95%CI(0.3742, 0.7859)) compared to seizure-free populations. The only predictive factor for prophylactic AEDs use was complete resection (p = 0.0069,OR = 2.0292,95%CI(1.2202, 3.4177)). Prevalence of first seizure was similar in both seizure-free populations (p = 0.9104, HR = 0.9627, 95%CI(0.5153, 1.806)). CONCLUSIONS: In our centre, long-term prophylactic AED use is high, deviating from current AAN Guidelines. Corrective measures are warranted.
AB0422 Mental disorders and stress in sjögren’s syndrome patients
Authors: O. Shelomkova, D. Veltishchev, T. Lisitsyna, V. Vasiliev, O. Kovalevskaya, O. Seravina, V. Krasnov, E. Nasonov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) - a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease, characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of endocrine glands, functional impairment of the salivary and lachrymal glands, which has some common pathogenic links with stress-related mental disorders (MD). The physical and mental well being of the patients with primary SS are significantly reduced. The patients with SS have significantly high scoring rates for anxiety, depression, paranoid ideation and somatization compared to the controls. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the occurrence rate/severity of MD and the influence of stress factors in SS patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 50 inpatient women (mean age 46±13.2 yrs) suffering SS were enrolled in the study. MD were diagnosed in accordance with ICD-10 criteria. The severity of depression, anxiety, stress and fatigue were measured with MADRS, HAM-A, PSS-10 and FSS. <h3>Results</h3> The acute stress factors and reactions were preceded the SS symptoms in most cases (54%). The variants of stress factors revealed: "danger" (40%), "loss" (38%), "frustration" (16%) and "disaster" (6%). In most cases "loss", "frustration", "disaster" were related to acute and "danger" - chronic reactions (p&lt;0,05). The adverse experience in childhood (parental deprivation mostly) had 32 (64%) of SS patients (recurrent events - 48%). MD had the significant provocative chronic stress factors in 36 (72%) patients. Mean severity level of stress (PSS10) was 16.9±6.04 points. High levels of daily stress had 17 (34%) of patients. MD were diagnosed in 42 (84%) of SS patients: depressive episode (mild/moderate; single/recurrent, 18%); dysthymia (18%); generalized anxiety disorder (14%); adjustment disorders (16%); schizotypal disorder (18%). Mean severity levels of anxiety and depression were 16.5±6.5 and 17.2±7.9 accordingly. Nearly one-third of patients had applied to psychiatrists in the past. Suicide attempts and suicidal thoughts had 6 (10%) and 10 (20%) patients accordingly before and during the disease. Fatiguewasone ofthe most often symptoms of SS revealed in most cases (60%). The severity of fatigue (Me 4.2±1.9 points) had significant correlations with the severity of anxiety and depression (r=0,4). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The study revealed high occurrence rate of MD, provocative stress factors and childhood adverse experience in SS patients. The results support the stress-diathesis model of mental disorders in patients suffering SS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation — An Old Therapy Comes of Age
Authors: Ciarán P. Kelly
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

In 1958, doctors in Denver administered feces by enema to their patients with fulminant, life-threatening pseudomembranous enterocolitis.1 The goal of this infusion of donor feces (also termed fecal microbiota transplantation [FMT]) was to “re-establish the balance of nature” within the intestinal flora to correct the disruption caused by antibiotic treatment. They reported “immediate and dramatic” responses and concluded that “this simple yet rational therapeutic method should be given more extensive clinical evaluation.” During the ensuing 50 years, the association between Clostridium difficile infection and pseudomembranous enterocolitis was established, and effective antimicrobial treatments were identified. Despite these advances, C. difficile became . . .
Case 36-2006
Authors: Anne Klibanski, Antonia E. Stephen, Michael F. Greene, Michael A. Blake, Chin-Lee Wu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

A 35-year-old woman in her second pregnancy was found to have hypertension and glycosuria at 17 weeks' gestation, which persisted despite medication. She was admitted to the hospital. She had had gestational diabetes during her first pregnancy. Serum electrolytes were normal except for a potassium level of 2.6 mmol per liter. Additional laboratory testing and a diagnostic procedure were performed.
Aspects of nicotine utilization
Authors: David M Warburton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2011)

This commentary reviews the effects of nicotine on mood and cognition in support of the drug utilization concept of Müller & Schumann (M&S). Specifically, it amplifies the concept with the nicotine utilization hypothesis (NUH), which opposes the nicotine withdrawal hypothesis (NWH). Evidence against NWH comes from changes in mood after abstinence and the performance effects of nicotine supporting drug utilization.
Abstract 1188: Reprimo, a p53-dependent G2 arrest mediator, reduces tumorigenic capacity in human gastric cancer cell lines
Authors: Wilda Olivares, Veronica Torres, María José Maturana, Viviana Montecinos, Francisco Aguayo, Alejandro H. Corvalan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The progression of GC is related to genetic as well as epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, that involves the downregulation of tumor suppressor genes. Recently we have identified Reprimo (RPRM), a p53-dependent G2 arrest mediator candidate as a putative biomarker for early diagnosis of GC (Clin Cancer Res 2008;14:6264-9). However, the role of RPRM in GC is unknown. Methods: The expression and sequence of the promoter and the coding region of RPRM were performed in five GC cell lines (AGS, NCI-N87, KATOIII, MKN28, MKN45). Two expression negative RPRM cell lines were stable transfected with a pCMV6 vector containing the full-length of the coding region of RPRM (pCMV6-RPRM). Cell growth and proliferation were analyzed by MTS, colony formation and soft agar assays. In addition, we analyzed the ability of migration through wound/healing assay. Results: Only two cell lines were negative for RPRM expression (AGS &amp; MKN45). Bisulfite sequence analysis of the promoter region showed a dense CG-rich CpG island suggesting a role for methylation in regulation of gene expression. No mutations in the coding region were found. A significant decreased of cellular proliferation and anchorage independent growth were observed after the transfection with pCMV6-RPRM. The migration ability was also decreased in both cell lines. Conclusion: Our results suggest that RPRM reduces tumorigenic capacity in GC cell lines. Taken together we suggest that downregulation of RPRM is not only a putative biomarker for early diagnosis but also might play a role in the pathogenesis of GC. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific &amp;Technological Research (Fondecyt #1111014 &amp; Fondef #D09I1137) to AH Corvalán from the Government of Chile. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1188. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1188
Abstract 2000: Biological function annotation of microarray data using correlated gene indices
Authors: Bin Feng, Kathryn Sun, Richard Nicoletti, James Abraham, Murray O. Robinson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Although whole-genome microarray analysis has become a routine tool in biomedical research, extracting meaningful information remains a challenge. We describe a method for assessing biological information in microarray data that relies on the observation that genes common to a biological function often exhibit correlated expression within a microarray dataset. This method comprises the identification of gene sets representing a biological process of interest, determining the subset of genes that exhibit significantly correlated/anti-correlated expression, followed by the quantitative cumulated expression of the set of correlated genes. We applied the pathway index approach by using available gene lists, Pearson correlation, and mean of correlated gene expression values to estimate the pathway status. We then annotated a renal cancer dataset with pathway index scores of 183 canonical pathways, to identify hypoxia deregulation in Renal Cell Carcinoma samples. Using the pathway index approach, we also established a biological correlation between previously identified chromosomal instability signature and proliferation signature in human cancer, and revealed relationships between two distinct prognostic breast cancer signatures, Mammaprint, Oncotype DX, and basal subtypes within a breast tumor dataset. Our analysis indicated that both Mammaprint and Oncotype DX are good prognostic biomarkers and both biomarkers correlated with basal signature score. However, we also demonstrated that both Mammaprint and Oncotype Dx predicted patient outcome in non-basal type cohort respectively, which suggested that in addition to identify basal subtype as bad outcome group, both Mammaprint and Oncotype DX were good prognostic biomarkers in non-basal type cohort. We also applied this approach to analyze genes collinear along chromosome 7 to identify EGFR locus of chromosomal amplification using only transcriptome microarray data. Thus, gene index methodology provides a new tool to annotate microarray data with biological pathway information. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2000.
SAT0106 Living Arrangements, Social Networks and Onset or Progression of Pain among Elderly in Singapore
Authors: Y.Y. Leung, S.L. Teo, M.B. Chua, P. Raman, C. Liu, A.W. Chan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic pain causes disability, loss of independence and has a high social burden, particularly among elderly. Socially isolation is associated with the experience of pain from western literature. Data from Asia is scanty. <h3>Objectives</h3> We aim to evaluate the relationship between living arrangements, perceived loneliness and strength of social network with onset and progression of chronic pain over 2 years in the elderly Singaporeans, separately among men and women. <h3>Methods</h3> We used two waves data from the Social Isolation Health and Lifestyles Survey (SIHLS), a nationally representative survey of community dwelling older Singaporeans aged 60 and above (n=5,000) in 2009 and follow-up in 2011. We used multinomial regression models to examine the factors associated with self-reported onset and progression of chronic pain over time. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 3,103 participants (53.8% female) completed 2-waves survey in 2009 and 2011 (response rate 63.7%). The mean (SD) age at recruitment was 69.4 (0.5). The prevalence of mild and moderate to extreme chronic pain were 27.7% and 12.8% respectively at baseline. Participants with chronic pain were more likely to be female, older, Malay or Indian versus Chinese, widowed, less educated, living alone, having higher perceived loneliness and having weaker social networks. Participants with chronic pain also had poorer self-rated health, higher percentage of depression, comorbidities and disabilities. There were 20.1% and 8.6% reported having chronic pain onset and progression over the 2-year period. In multinomial regression model poorer self-rated health and perceived loneliness at baseline were predictors of onset of chronic pain in men; while lower education level, living alone, and poorer self-rated health were predictors for chronic pain onset in women. Predictors of chronic pain progression included being widowed and poorer self-rated health in men; weak social network and disability in women. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Chronic pain is common amongst the elderly in Singapore. Living alone, perceived loneliness and weak social network were socio-psychological factors associated with the onset or progression of pain. These are modifiable areas to target in the multi-disciplinary management of chronic pain. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2296
AB1438-HPR Effect of psychological peculiarities of personality of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis on self-appraisal of quality of life
Authors: V. Malievsky, G. Gareeva
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The quality of life is an integral parameter of the state of health that reflects peculiarities of the child's physical, social, and psychological functioning. <h3>Objectives</h3> We carried out a study of psychological peculiarities and quality of life of 92 patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (32 boys and 60 girls) and 109 healthy children (45 boys and 64 girls) at the age of 7-17 years. <h3>Methods</h3> To evaluate psychological peculiarities of children's personality, we used the children's and teenagers' variants of the R. Kettel test. The quality of life was also studied with aid of Pierce–Harris test composed of 126 questions. The test was represented by scales "Behavior", "Intellectual and school status", Physical appearance", "Anxiety", "Popularity", "Happiness and satisfaction", "Health", "Psycho-social status". The scale "Health" includes subscales "Health", "Necessity in care", "Physical development and mobility", "Everyday life activity", "Nutrition", "Pain". <h3>Results</h3> In children and teenagers with juvenile idiopathic arthritis there was revealed deterioration of the life quality with respect both of health and of their psycho-social status. The degree of the decrease of the life quality level depends not only on duration and activity of arthritis, functional insufficiency, "internal picture of disease", but also on the child's personality peculiarities. Children with such personality peculiarities as sociability, communicability, emotional stability, high self-control, social courage, which determine successful psycho-social adaptation, are characterized by the higher parameters of the majority of Pearce–Harris subscales and, accordingly, by the higher quality of life. Such personality peculiarities as anxiety, tension, the lack of motivations for changes and achievements, determine the lower life quality parameters. Besides, it is to be taken into account that these interconnections of parameters of the life quality can be due to the level of self-appraisal depending on psychological peculiarities of the child's personality. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The quality of life of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis is determined as the subjective evaluation not only by peculiarities of the course of the disease, but also by the psychological peculiarities, which indicates necessity of the social and psychological support of such children. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared