tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract LB-379: IL-4 induces cathepsin protease activity in tumor-associated macrophages to promote cancer growth and invasion
Authors: Vasilena Gocheva, Hao-Wei Wang, Bedrick Gadea, Tanaya Shree, Karen Hunter, Alfred Garfall, Johanna A. Joyce
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Innate immune cells can constitute a substantial proportion of the cells within the tumor microenvironment and have been associated with tumor malignancy in patients and animal models of cancer; however, the mechanisms by which they modulate cancer progression are incompletely understood. Here, we show that high levels of cathepsin protease activity are induced in the majority of macrophages in the microenvironment of pancreatic islet cancers, mammary tumors and lung metastases during malignant progression. We further show that tumor-associated macrophage (TAM)-supplied cathepsins B and S are critical for promoting pancreatic tumor growth, angiogenesis and invasion in vivo, and markedly enhance the invasiveness of cancer cells in culture. Finally, we demonstrate that interleukin (IL)-4 is responsible for inducing cathepsin activity in macrophages in vitro and in vivo. Together, these data establish IL-4 as an important regulator, and cathepsin proteases as critical mediators, of the cancer-promoting functions of TAMs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-379.
BASELINE FASTING BLOOD SUGAR PREDICTS LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF CATHETER ABLATION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Sanghamitra Mohanty, Issa Asfour, Prasant Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Carola Gianni, Yalcin Gokoglan, Rong Bai, John Burkhardt, Rodney Horton, Javier Sanchez, Luigi Di Biase, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
PWE-165 Cervical Neoplasia in Low Risk Women with Inflammatory Bowel Disease on Combination of Infliximab and Thiopurines
Authors: J Woo, L Carter, S Mann
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Women with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) may have increased rates of pre-malignant lesions in the uterine cervix compared to age and sex matched controls (1.2). European guidelines recommend regular gynaecological screening for women with IBD, especially if they are on immunomodulators (3). However protocols in the UK are lacking and cervical screening is often underutilised by gastroenterologists. We describe 3 cases of cervical neoplasia in patients who had none of the usual risk factors other than prior use of Infliximab (IFX) and azathioprine. <h3>Methods</h3> Three patients on maintenance treatment with IFX for IBD have recently presented unexpectedly with high grade cervical dysplasia or cancer to the gynaecologists. We have summarised their clinical history and reviewed their risk factors for development of cervical neoplasia. <h3>Results</h3> Case 1: 31-year-old lady with extensive small bowel Crohns disease on azathioprine received IFX for 11 months and developed adenocarcinoma of the cervix 8 months after stopping IFX. She required a radical hysterectomy. Case 2: 30-year-old lady with ileocolonic Crohn’s disease on azathioprine received IFX for 3 years and developed high grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 2 months after stopping IFX. She required a large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ). Case 3: 32-year-old lady with colonic and perianal Crohn’s disease on azathioprine received IFX for 1 year and then developed high grade cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia 1 month later. She also required a LLETZ procedure. All three patients had also previously been steroid dependent. They were all in longstanding monogamous relationships, were non-smokers and had one or no pregnancies. <h3>Conclusion</h3> It is suggested in the literature that women with IBD have an increased risk of cervical neoplasia. It is possible that immunosupressants and biological therapies prevent clearing of the Human Papilloma Virus that predisposes to cervical dysplasia. These three cases remind us that women with none of the classical risk factors other having used a combination of biologic and immunomodulator therapies should have enhanced screening for cervical neoplasia prior to and during treatment with those drugs. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Singh H, Demers AA, Nugent Z, Mahmud SM, Kliewer EV, Bernstein CN. Risk of cervical abnormalities in women with inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based nested case-control study. Gastroenterology. 2009; 136(2):451–8. Kane S, Khatibi B, Reddy D. Higher incidence of abnormal Pap smears in women with inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2008; 103(3):631–6. Rahier JF, S. Ben-Horin <i>et al.</i> European evidence-based Consensus on the prevention, diagnosis and management of opportunistic infections in inflammatory bowel disease. J Crohn’s Colitis 2009; <i>3</i>(2):47–91.
M5 Lung function and psychological well-being: One-year outcomes in severe asthma: Abstract M5 Table 1.
Authors: R Satherley, J Fellows, V Mitchell, AH Mansur
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Aims</h3> Psychological comorbidity and impaired quality of life (QoL) are commonly reported in severe and difficult to treat asthma. These factors appear to contribute to asthma attacks and hospital admissions. Changes in these markers over one-year were studied following multidisciplinary intervention. <h3>Research Design and Methods</h3> All new referrals to the Severe and Brittle Asthma Unit (SBAU), between 2009 and 2012 were assessed using a structured protocol including asthma diagnosis and severity, associated co-morbidities, lung function, QoL and drivers of poor asthma control. Patients received multidisciplinary interventions over a one-year period and outcomes were reassessed. Measures used included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Juniper QoL. Lung function measures included FEV<sub>1</sub> and the Asthma Control Questionnaire. Paired T-Tests and Multiple Regressions were used to analyse the data. <h3>Results</h3> 142 patients (N = 108, 76.06% female) completed the baseline measures. After one-year of multidisciplinary intervention 66 completed the HADS, 69 completed the Juniper QoL and 102 had FEV<sub>1 </sub>reassessed. The majority (N = 96; 85.71%) of these patients met the criteria for refractory asthma. The number of patients on antidepressants significantly decreased over the year from 17.61% (N = 25) to 10.71% (N = 12; p = 0.021). Depression on the HADS showed a non-significant reduction from 53.5% (N = 76) to 42.4% (N = 28; p = .192) after one year. Anxiety on the HADS showed clinically significant reduction from 57.7% (N = 82) to 40.9% (N = 27; p = 0.023). Significant increases in QoL (p = 0.002) were also found on the Juniper QoL. FEV<sub>1</sub> significantly improved with a mean score of 2.21 at baseline, increasing to 2.83 at one-year (p &lt; 0.001). Multiple regressions showed that 25% of the variance in QoL was predicted by FEV<sub>1</sub>; however, depression and FEV<sub>1</sub> combined explained 50.8% of the variance (p &lt; 0.001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Multidisciplinary intervention led to effective improvement in well-being and lung function in patients with severe and difficult asthma. The improvements in QoL were predicted by both FEV<sub>1</sub> and depression. We recommend supporting patients’ adaptation to life with severe asthma as an integrated function of the multidisciplinary approach. This approach can help minimise anxiety and depression symptoms, improve QoL and reduce the psychological impact upon physical symptoms.
Glucose-to-Insulin Ratio in Intravenous Tolbutamide Test Predicts Long-Term Therapeutic Outcome in NIDDM
Authors: Noriyuki Takeda, Keigo Yasuda, Tomiko Horiya, Shinobu Goto, Makoto Hayashi, Yasufumi Ito, Kaori Aoyama, Kiyoshi Miura
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)
Abstract 4220: Beta-catenin signaling initiates the activation of astrocytes and contributes to the pathogenesis of astrocytomas
Authors: Chunzhang Yang, Rajiv Iyer, Barbara Ikejiri, Russell Lonser, Zhengping Zhuang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Astrocytes are the most abundant cell in the central nervous system (CNS). Following injury to the nervous system, astrocytes respond through a repair process known as astrocyte activation. While the molecular mechanisms of astrocyte activation are not completely established, understanding the dynamic changes that occur in response to injury could help identify critical signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of brain tumors. To determine the mechanisms underlying astrocyte activation, including the initiating events and regulatory mediators of this process, we analyzed the molecular signaling changes after scratch injury of astrocytes. We discovered that the interruption and destabilization of cadherin-catenin complexes plays a critical role in the initiation and regulation of astrocyte activation. We further found that similar expression changes and signaling pathways are also featured in gliomas, but were found to exist in a dysregulated manner. Inhibition of β-catenin signaling was also found to diminish both the astrocyte response to injury and the malignant phenotype of gliomas. These findings provide a unique mechanism of normal astrocyte activation and shed light on the pathogenic mechanism of glioma, which may help to develop the diagnostic and therapeutic targets for gliomas. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4220. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4220
Human tool-making capacities reflect increased information-processing capacities: Continuity resides in the eyes of the beholder
Authors: Kathleen R Gibson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Chimpanzee/human technological differences are vast, reflect multiple interacting behavioral processes, and may result from the increased information-processing and hierarchical mental constructional capacities of the human brain. Therefore, advanced social, technical, and communicative capacities probably evolved together in concert with increasing brain size. Interpretations of these evolutionary and species differences as continuities or discontinuities reflect differing scientific perspectives.
Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution of 99mTc N-MPO in Healthy Human Volunteers
Authors: Shi Gao, Guoqing Zhao, Qiang Wen, Lin Bai, Bin Chen, Tiefeng Ji, Bin Ji, Qingjie Ma
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Tc N-MPO ([Tc N(MPO)(PNP5)]: HMPO = 2-mercaptopyridine N-oxide, and PNP5 = N-ethoxyethyl-N,N-bis[2-(bis(3-methoxypropyl)phosphino)ethyl]amine) is a new Tc radiotracer useful for myocardial perfusion imaging. This study was designed to determine its pharmacokinetics and biodistribution in healthy volunteers.Ten healthy volunteers were involved in this study. Each subject was administered approximately 925 MBq of Tc N-MPO under rest or stress conditions (n = 5 per group). Whole-body planar images were obtained at 10, 30, 60, 240, and 1440 minutes after injection. Organ uptake was quantified by region-of-interest analysis. The blood clearance and urine excretion kinetics were determined by collecting blood and urine samples at different time points.Tc N-MPO showed significant accumulation in myocardium with prolonged retention. At rest, its percentage of injected dose (%ID) uptake in the heart, lungs, and liver at 10 minutes after injection was 2.47% (0.64%), 1.84% (0.64%), and 20.88% (5.23%), respectively. The liver uptake decreased to 6.79%ID (1.60%ID) at 60 minutes after injection and 4.50%ID (1.86%ID) at 240 minutes after injection. Under stress conditions, the heart uptake was slightly increased (2.57%ID [0.21%ID]). The rapid liver clearance led to favorable heart-to-liver ratios, reaching values of 0.27%ID (0.07%ID) under rest condition and 0.28%ID (0.05%ID) under stress condition at 60 minutes after injection.Tc N-MPO demonstrates a highly favorable biodistribution in humans. The high heart uptake and the fast liver washout of Tc N-MPO will allow SPECT images of the left ventricle to be acquired as early as 10 minutes after injection.
SHORT- AND LONG-TERM REHOSPITALIZATION AND MORTALITY FOR HEART FAILURE IN FOUR RACIAL/ETHNIC POPULATIONS
Authors: Rey Percival Vivo, Selim Krim, Li Liang, Deepak Bhatt, Paul Heidenreich, Zubin Eapen, Adrian Hernandez, Clyde W. Yancy, Gregg Fonarow
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Zinc Deficiency, Alcohol, and a Retinoid: Association With Esophageal Cancer in Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;, &lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G N Gabrial, T F Schrager, P M Newberne
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Groups of Charles River Sprague-Dawley male rats were given intragastric intubations of methylbenzylnitrosamine after receiving one of the following diets for 4 weeks: control, zinc-deficient, or zinc-deficient diet plus 4% ethanol in the drinking water. One zinc-deficient group was zinc repleted after the dosing period; the other group, zinc-deficient plus 4% ethanol, received 13-cis-retinoic acid (13-cis-RA) after the dosing period. Zinc deficiency significantly enhanced esophageal tumor incidence; the addition of ethanol further enhanced tumor incidence. Zinc repletion reduced tumor incidence, whereas the addition of 13-cis-RA enhanced tumor incidence.
NCI Replaces Guidelines With Statement of Evidence
Authors: N. Volkers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article NCI Replaces Guidelines With Statement of Evidence Get access Nancy Volkers Nancy Volkers Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 1, 5 January 1994, Pages 14–15, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.1.14 Published: 05 January 1994
Abstract 1852: A novel role for the 185delAG BRCA1 mutant protein, BRAT, in ovarian cancer pathology
Authors: Rebecca J. Linger, Patricia A. Kruk
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objective: Familial history is the strongest risk factor for developing ovarian cancer (OC). Studying risk-associated BRCA1 truncation mutations, such as the founder mutation 185delAG, may reveal signaling pathways important in OC etiology. Normal human ovarian surface epithelial (HOSE) cells expressing the 185delAG mutant, BRAT, exhibit phenotypic changes due possibly in part to up-regulation of maspin, a tumor suppressor important in apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis that exhibits unique up-regulation in some cancer types. In the current study, we wish to determine BRAT's impact on expression and activity of matrix metalloprotease 1 (MMP1), another key player in invasion and metastasis, and the mechanism of this modulation. Methods: HOSE, breast epithelial cells, and breast cancer cells transiently and stably expressing the 185delAG mutation were analyzed for differential target gene expression by semi-quantitative and real time PCR. SiRNA transfection was performed to achieve knockdown of c-Jun. Western blotting was used to evaluate MMP1 and c-Jun protein levels. FRET ELISA was performed on conditioned media to evaluate levels and functionality of secreted MMP1. Cells were treated with cisplatin and subjected to MTS assay to evaluate chemosensitivity. Results: BRAT-expressing HOSE cells exhibited enhanced MMP1 mRNA expression. Higher levels of pro-MMP1 protein were detected by Western blotting of conditioned media. FRET ELISA revealed total MMP1 (pro and active forms) was also higher in BRAT-expressing cells, and that MMP1 in the conditioned media was functional. c-Jun knockdown diminished MMP-1 expression and secretion in HOSE. Expression of BRAT in normal breast and breast cancer cell lines failed to significantly alter chemosensitivity or MMP1 expression levels. Conclusion: Normal HOSE cells expressing the BRAT mutation exhibit c-Jun-dependent changes in expression of MMP1. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the mechanism of this change since increased expression of this gene may represent an initial step forward on the continuum of malignant transformation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1852.
¿SE PUEDE MONTAR UNA UNIDAD DE CPRE EN UN HOSPITAL COMARCAL?
Authors: JM Riesco López, M Vázquez Romero, M Rivero Fernández, R Manzano Fernández, R González Alonso, E Moya Valverde, A Díaz Sánchez, P Sánchez-Pobre Bejarano, R Campos Cantero
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: La CPRE es un procedimiento endoscópico complejo pero muy eficaz en el manejo de enfermedades biliopancreáticas, cuya práctica se ha extendido desde hospitales terciarios a hospitales comarcales. Existen múltiples publicaciones sobre el entrenamiento necesario de un endoscopista para alcanzar competencia en CPRE, pero pocas referencias sobre los requisitos básicos que debe cumplir un hospital para su puesta en marcha. Objetivo: Analizar retrospectivamente los resultados obtenidos tras realizar las primeras 200 CPRE por dos endoscopistas biliares noveles en un hospital público con 130 camas, comparándolos con los estándares de calidad propuestos en la literatura y describir el plan funcional de necesidades desplegado para su desarrollo. Material y método: Aportamos nuestra experiencia inicial durante 26 meses: resultados clínicos (comparando la progresión entre los primeros 100 procedimientos y los 100 segundos), infraestructura necesaria y formación adquirida por endoscopistas/enfermería para su consecución. Resultados: Se realizaron 200 CPRE (edad media de los pacientes: 68,9 años) siendo las indicaciones más frecuentes: colédocolitiasis: 78%, neoplasias: 13,5% y otras patologías: 8,5%. La tasa de canulación ascendió del 84% en los 100 primeros procedimientos al 87% en los 100 siguientes, el éxito clínico del 81% al 86%, disminuyendo la tasa de pancreatitis aguda post-CPRE del 11% al 4% y de hemorragia digestiva del 4% al 2%. Hubo una perforación biliar en el primer grupo y un éxitus por hemorragia digestiva en el segundo. Los primeros 25 procedimientos se realizaron con sedación por endoscopista en sala de radiología y los sucesivos mediante anestesia general en quirófano. Se consolidó la formación endoscópica mediante rotaciones en hospitales terciarios con unidades de referencia en CPRE. Conclusiones: La instauración de la CPRE en hospitales comarcales facilita el acceso de esta técnica a toda la población, alcanzando en nuestro centro los estándares de calidad tras la realización de 200 procedimientos (referidos a endoscopistas biliares no expertos).
OP0056 Can We Replace Temporal Artery Biopsy with Cranial Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of GIANT Cell Arteritis? A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Diagnostic Utility of Ultrasound in Routine Clinical Practice: Table 1.
Authors: A. Croft, N. Thompson, M. Duddy, F. Khattak, S. Mollan, P. Jobanputra
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Temporal artery biopsy (TAB) has historically been considered the "gold standard" diagnostic test for Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA). <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of cranial duplex ultrasound (CDUS) in patients with a suspected diagnosis of GCA in routine clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> All patients undergoing CDUS between Jan 2005 and July 2013 were identified and clinical data obtained from electronic records, and, if necessary primary care providers. American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for GCA were used to classify patients. US reports were independently classified according to whether there was evidence of an arteritis or not. Explicit US features of GCA such as a halo sign were not required to make this determination. The relationship between the ACR criteria alone or in combination with US and a final clinical diagnosis of GCA (made after a minimum of 3-month follow-up) was analysed. A clinical diagnosis of GCA after 3 months of follow up served as our gold standard. The sensitivity and specificity of CDUS and of TAB were examined against our gold standard. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 87 patients underwent CDUS for suspected GCA. 36 patients (41%) had a confirmed clinical diagnosis at 3-month follow-up. When compared to clinical diagnosis at 3 months, the sensitivity of CDUS was 81%, specificity 98%, positive likelihood ratio 41, negative likelihood ratio 0.2, positive predictive value of 97% and negative predictive value of 88%. In contrast, when compared to clinical diagnosis at 3 months TAB had a sensitivity of 53%, specificity 100%, positive likelihood ratio 2.3, negative likelihood ratio 0.2, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 47%. Detailed data for comparison of ACR criteria and ultrasound for prediction of 3-month clinical diagnosis is shown in Table 1. <h3>Conclusions</h3> CDUS had a greater sensitivity than TAB and a comparable specificity to diagnose GCA. The CDUS result was the strongest predictor for a diagnosis of GCA at 3 months, whereas ACR criteria when used alone were insufficiently specific to accurately predict or exclude the diagnosis of GCA at 3 months. In contrast, the high positive and negative predictive value of CDUS over TAB indicates that TAB may be unnecessary particularly where clinical suspicion of GCA is high or quite low. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4734
Abstract LB-15: Alpha-2 Heremans Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) promotes growth in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Pamela D. Thompson, Dana Marshall, Amos Sawke, Rainelli Koumangoye
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the eighth most common tumor in the world. In the United States, approximately 30,000 new cases of HNSCC are reported each year and 8,000 related deaths. HNSCC of the oral cavity is highly metastatic and has a recurrence rate of 20%-50%, with a dismal 5-year survival rate of ∼50%. There continues to be no consistent means for early detection or a reliable biomarker for the disease. This has contributed to the lack of improvement in the mortality rates of the disease, despite advances in delivery of treatment and surgical reconstruction. In a proteomic study seeking possible biomarkers for HNSCC, AHSG was detected at elevated serum levels. AHSG is a cell surface glycoprotein that is known to be synthesized by hepatocytes and found in most body fluids including serum. AHSG is also a negative acute phase function protein, which makes the results from the proteomic study, elevated levels of AHSG, intriguing. Our lab has recently shown that the lack of AHSG reduces tumor incidence and prolongs tumor latency. We now show that some HNSCC cell lines synthesize and secrete AHSG at both the message and protein levels. This is important as most cells acquire AHSG through uptake from serum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of AHSG synthesis and expression in HNSCC cell lines. We are currently depleting AHSG expression in these HNSCC cell lines in order to evaluate the effects of AHSG on the growth and metastatic properties (invasiveness and motility) in vitro and in vivo. &amp;lt;br Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-15. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-15