tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OP0151 The 6-Minute Walk Test Assessed in Juvenile Dermatomyositis After Long Term Follow-Up: The Impact of Muscle, Lung, and Heart Dysfunction: Table 1.
Authors: K.S. Berntsen, A. Tollisen, T. Schwartz, E. Kirkhus, T.M. Aaløkken, M.B. Lund, B. Flatø, I. Sjaastad, H. Sanner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare idiopathic inflammatory myositis of childhood affecting mainly the skin and proximal striated muscle. The heart and lungs may also be involved, albeit often subclinically. The 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) is a well-established, low cost tool in the functional assessment of pulmonary and cardiovascular disease (1). It has never been systematically assessed in JDM. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare the 6-MWT in JDM patients with that of age- and gender-matched controls from the general population, and to explore the contribution of striated muscle-, heart- and lung function to the results. <h3>Methods</h3> 58 Norwegian JDM patients (mean age 25.2 (12.5) years, 61% female) were clinically examined mean 16.9 (10.6) years after symptom onset and compared with 59 healthy age- and gender matched controls. All participants performed a 6-MWT according to a standard procedure. The distance walked (in meter) was recorded for each person. Muscle function was assessed by the manual muscle test (MMT-8) and the childhood myositis assessment scale (CMAS); heart function by echocardiography; and lung function by spirometry, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) and body plethysmography. Thoracic HRCT was performed in patients only. All participants completed the short form 36 (SF-36) and a questionnaire about the frequency of physical exercise. In patients, disease activity was measured by the disease activity score (DAS) and disease damage by myositis damage index (MDI). Inactive disease was defined according to the Printo criteria. <h3>Results</h3> The distance covered in the 6MWT was shorter in patients than controls; 593 (81) and 649 (79) meters respectively (p&lt;0.001). There was no difference in height between the two groups. Patients with active disease walked shorter than patients with inactive disease; 562 (75) and 622 (76) meters respectively (p=0.004). CMAS, MMT-8, physical activity frequency, HRCT findings, height, and DLCO (alveolar volume- and Hb corrected) showed, in descending order, the strongest correlations with the 6MWT (table 1). There was no correlation between cardiac function and the 6MWT. Performing multivariate linear regression analysis, height, CMAS, HRCT findings, physical activity and DLCO were associated with the distance walked in the 6MWT, adjusted R square 0.53 (table 1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The 6MWT was significantly lower in patients than controls. Apart from general factors such as height and physical activity frequency, our study indicates that muscle dysfunction, but also lung impairment, affect the 6MWT in JDM patients. <h3>References</h3> ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2002;166(1):111-7. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Richard Hays, Karin Oldfield
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Attitudes toward medication change among chronically impaired psychiatric patients
Authors: I M Lesser, C T Friedmann
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

As the hazards of long-term use of psychotropic drugs become more apparent, drug holidays and medication discontinuance are increasingly being implemented. Chronically ill patients are often reluctant to cooperate with such treatment recommendations. The authors questioned 52 chronically impaired patients taking neuroleptics about their attitudes toward medication changes and their fantasies about the results of discontinuing their medication. Although they were seemingly compliant, the majority of the patients anticipated severe negative consequences.
A randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention, III: Effects at 6-month and 18-month follow-ups
Authors: J H Spencer, I D Glick, G L Haas, J F Clarkin, A B Lewis, J Peyser, N DeMane, M Good-Ellis, E Harris, V Lestelle
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

This paper focuses on the follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial of inpatient family intervention (IFI) that emphasized psychoeducation. Results for the sample of 169 psychiatric patients suggested that adding family treatment to standard hospital treatment was effective; however, the statistical interactions indicated that this therapeutic effect was restricted to female patients with schizophrenia or major affective disorder. The effect of family treatment on male patients with these diagnoses was minimal or slightly negative. In a group of patients with other diagnoses, the Treatment by Sex effect was reversed: male patients did better with the family treatment.
Clinical presentation
Authors: Ching-Wen Huang, Kuang-Tai Kuo, Chih-Ming Lin, Chia-Wen Shih, Kuo-Chin Kao, Ching-Tzu Huang
Journal: Thorax (2013)

A 74-year-old Asian female underwent a chest CT scan because of a pulmonary nodule observed on her chest radiograph (figure 1A). She complained of mild dyspnoea on exertion for few weeks. Her past history was significant for hypertension and obesity (body mass index 39 kg/m2). Physical examination, electrocardiography (EKG), cardiac echogram and laboratory biochemistry were all unremarkable. Chest CT scan revealed a 3.6×2.8 cm solitary nodule locating at the tip of the lingual lobe with strong vascular enhancement demonstrated during contrast phase (figure 1B). The patient was afebrile and mildly anxious, and her blood pressure was 118/64 mm Hg. Since she was symptomatic without surgical contraindication, video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) exploration was proceeded. Under VATS, a bright-red and well-circumscribed cystic lesion at the tip of the lingual lobe was noted (figure 2), and a wedge resection was performed.



Figure 1

(A) Plain chest film: a faint, peripheral located nodule noted near left costo-phrenic angle. (B) Chest CT scan: a 3.6×2.8 cm solitary nodule with strong vascular enhancement.





Figure 2

Under video-assisted thoracotomy: a cystic appearance, bright red, pulsatiled lesion.
A Manual of Modern Surgery, General and Operative.
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Documenting a shortage of psychiatrists: the repair shop model
Authors: D J Knesper
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The author presents a model for documenting a shortage of psychiatrists. The model employs efficiency, work load, and work time to determine numbers of psychiatrists needed for a hospital setting. Survey data collected from 900 psychiatrists were used to quantify these variables and to identify possible determinants of variation. Differences in residency training were associated with differences in efficiency. As presented, the model is incomplete and cannot be used to explicity define manpower requirements. The author's discussion expands the model and focuses on the complexity of documenting a true shortage or surplus of psychiatrists.
Analysis of Radioiodine Therapy of Metastatic Tumors of the Thyroid Gland in Man
Authors: S. H. Wollman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1953)

Analysis of Radioiodine Therapy of Metastatic Tumors of the Thyroid Gland in Man Get access S. H. Wollman S. H. Wollman National Cancer Institute2Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 4, February 1953, Pages 815–828, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.4.815 Published: 01 February 1953 Article history Received: 01 July 1952 Published: 01 February 1953
Patterns of association voting behavior: I. Demographic correlates of voting/nonvoting and preference for candidates/issues
Authors: L Gurel, T W Lorei, C W Nelson, M J Myers
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

A total of 58% of the eligible members voted in the 1974 APA balloting involving 6 officers, 13 amendments to the By-Laws, and a membership-initiated referendum. Analysis revealed that there was no significant relationship between member characteristics and voting/nonvoting behavior and that relatively few members followed specific voting patterns. The data support the view that most members voted carefully and relatively independently of organized influence.
Increased incidence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in Norway 2011
Authors: H Blystad, G Ånestad, D F Vestrheim, S Madsen, K Rønning
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Epidemics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae have recently been reported from England and Wales and from Denmark. A similar increase in M. pneumoniae infections was noted in Norway late autumn 2011.The epidemic has resulted in shortage of erythromycin and the use of alternative antibiotics has been recommended.
Growth Curve of Rous Sarcoma Virus and Relationship of Infecting Dose to Yield of Virus in Chick Brain&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Vincent Groupé, Frank J. Rauscher
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Growth Curve of Rous Sarcoma Virus and Relationship of Infecting Dose to Yield of Virus in Chick Brain Get access Vincent Groupé, Vincent Groupé Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Frank J. Rauscher Frank J. Rauscher Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 4, April 1957, Pages 507–514, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.4.507 Published: 01 April 1957 Article history Received: 05 December 1956 Published: 01 April 1957
Substance use in borderline personality disorder
Authors: R A Dulit, M R Fyer, G L Haas, T Sullivan, A J Frances
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors investigated the prevalence of substance abuse in 137 inpatients with DSM-III borderline personality disorder. Ninety-two (67%) of these patients were given DSM-III substance use disorder diagnosis. The most frequently used substances were alcohol and sedative-hypnotics. When substance abuse was not used as a diagnostic criterion for borderline personality disorder, 32 (23%) of the 137 patients no longer met borderline criteria. These patients differed significantly from the rest of the patients in severity and course of illness. These data suggest that there might be a subgroup of borderline patients for whom substance use plays a primary role in the development of borderline psychopathology.
SP0043 Learning and Reasoning in Health Informatics
Authors: B. Kappen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Our public health systems are faced with enormous opportunities: new possiblities for diagnosis and treatment, personalized medicine, the availability of large data sets. At the same time, health cost and the demand on the system is increasing at an unsustainable rate. In this talk, I will illustrate how Bayesian machine learning can contribute to solve some of these problems, by discussing two examples: full Bayesian Gaussian Process. Regression for learning non-linear interactions and finding missing heritability in genetic data; and a graphical model expert system that can assist medical specialists to diagnose patients using Bayesian inference. For many traits and common human diseases, genetic association studies account for little of the known heritable variation. We suggest that this “Missing heritability” might lie in the effect of non-additive interactions between multiple loci. We employed a non-parametric, Bayesian method, based on Gaussian Process Regression. We analysed 46 quantitative yeast phenotypes and found that over 70% of the total known missing heritability could be explained, significantly improving on existing methods. Importantly, the availability of biological replicates significantly improved the power to identify such loci and, hence, to explain variance. These results represent a significant advance in approaches to understanding the missing heritability problem with potentially important implications for studies of complex, quantitative traits. Joint work with Kevin Sharp, Wim Wiegerinck, Alejandro Arias Vaquez, Barbara Franke and Kees Albers. Diagnostic errors in US hospitals are estimated to occur in about 5 percent of adults patients, half of which are potentially harmful. In addition, (junior) specialists are known to request too many tests in order to arrive at a diagnosis, significantly increasing the cost of diagnosis. These facts motivate the need for a clinical expert system that assists doctors in the diagnostic process. Despite their obvious advantages, such systems have not been deployed in practice very often. We discuss some of the possible reasons. I will then show how to represents medical knowledge in terms of a Bayesian network. It computes a distribution over the most likely combination of diagnoses, and their probabilities using Monte Carlo sampling. I will illustrate the approach on some real patient cases. Joint work with Anna Simons, Radboud Medical Center Nijmegen. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Alprazolam blockade of CO2-provoked panic in patients with panic disorder
Authors: W C Sanderson, S Wetzler, G M Asnis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The primary aim of this study was to determine if pretreatment with a single dose of alprazolam reduces anxiety and panic provoked by the inhalation of 35% carbon dioxide (CO2) in patients with panic disorder. Ten panic disorder patients participated in a CO2 challenge test after pretreatment with a single dose of alprazolam (1 mg p.o.) or placebo in a randomized, double-blind, within-subjects design. Seventy percent of the subjects had a panic attack with placebo, compared to only 10% with alprazolam. Alprazolam reduced the number and severity of panic symptoms and baseline anxiety significantly more than placebo. This study demonstrates the efficacy of the acute administration of alprazolam to block panic attacks and supports the usefulness of the CO2 challenge as an analogue method to study panic disorder.
Increased Circulating Plasma Cells On Multiparametric Flow Cytometry As An Independent Prognostic Biomarker In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma: Implications For Redefining High-Risk Myeloma
Authors: Wilson I Gonsalves, Vinay Gupta, S. Vincent Rajkumar, William G Morice, Michael M Timm, Preet Paul Singh, Angela Dispenzieri, Francis K Buadi, Martha Q Lacy, Prashant Kapoor, Morie A Gertz, Shaji K Kumar
Journal: Blood (2013)
Brief Report: Association of Inflammation With Development of Erosions in Patients With Hand Osteoarthritis: A Prospective Ultrasonography Study
Authors: Marion C. Kortekaas, Wing‐Yee Kwok, Monique Reijnierse, Theo Stijnen, Margreet Kloppenburg
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To investigate the association between features of ultrasound‐detected inflammation and development of erosive disease in patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA) over 2.3 years of followup. Methods The study group comprised 56 consecutive patients with hand OA (mean age 61 years, 86% female) fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology criteria. Effusion, synovial thickening, and power Doppler signal in all interphalangeal (IP) joints were assessed with ultrasonography, using standardized methods, at baseline and followup. Radiographs were scored at both time points for osteophytes/joint space narrowing using the Osteoarthritis Research Society International method and for erosive disease (E phase [erosive] and R phase [remodeling]) using the method described by Verbruggen and Veys. Erosion development was defined as progression from N phase (normal) to E phase or R phase. Joints that were in E phase or R phase at baseline were excluded. Associations were analyzed using generalized estimating equations with adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and baseline structural abnormalities. Results At baseline, 51 IP joints (in 18 patients) and at followup 89 IP joints (in 26 patients) had erosions; thus, erosions developed in 38 IP joints. Moderate/severe synovial thickening and a power Doppler signal at baseline were associated with erosion development (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 8.8, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.4–32.3 and OR 7.1, 95% CI 1.9–26.9, respectively). Persistent inflammation was particularly associated with the development of erosions. Conclusion Ultrasound‐detected features of inflammation are associated with the development of erosions in patients with hand OA, suggesting that inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of hand OA and could be a therapeutic target.
Meckel's Diverticulum
Authors: E P Molmenti, R W Thompson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Figure 1. A 50-year-old obese man who sustained a closed traumatic injury to the abdomen in a motor vehicle accident was taken to the operating room, where a splenectomy was performed for a splenic laceration. He was also found to have several contusions in the mesentery of the small intestine, including one at the site of a Meckel's diverticulum. No resection was necessary. As with most patients, he had had no symptoms as a result of this diverticulum, and he recovered from surgery uneventfully.
Acute nitric oxide blockade amplifies the renal vasoconstrictor actions of angiotension II.
Authors: C Baylis, J Harvey, K Engels
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

The tone in the renal vasculature is determined by the balance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator agents. In this study, the effect on renal function was investigated when the acute blockade of the endogenous nitric oxide system was superimposed on a state of high circulating angiotensin II. Studies were conducted in the conscious, unstressed rat measuring renal function before and during acute systemic nitric oxide blockade with nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and with or without concomitant angiotensin II infusion. Nitric oxide blockade alone, in the presence of normal, unstimulated levels of endogenous angiotensin II, caused a large rise in blood pressure and a doubling of renal vascular resistance. The infusion of angiotensin II alone produced a mild rise in systemic blood pressure and a small (30%) rise in renal vascular resistance. When nitric oxide blockade was combined with angiotensin II infusion, the rise in blood pressure was similar to that produced by nitric oxide blockade alone but the increase in renal vascular resistance was much greater (350%), leading to marked declines in renal function. These studies demonstrate that when angiotensin II levels are acutely elevated and are controlling renal vascular tone, nitric oxide is essential for the maintenance of adequate renal perfusion and function.