tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0459 Transaminases Alterations Caused by Tocilizumab, in the Treatment of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Authors: I. Paulino Izquierdo, J. Paula Mateo, J. Medrano Sanchez, M.S. Adames, V. Rosario, R. Muñoz Louis, T. Valdez Lorie, R. Alba Fériz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a systemic, inflammatory, chronic, autoimmune disease that predominantly affects the joints.<sup>1</sup> In the last decade new drugs have been introduced, including biological drugs that act on different targets implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.<sup>2</sup> Within this group of drugs is tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody anti IL-6r, key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of RA and the disease activity.<sup>3</sup> TCZ use has been associated with abnormalities in transaminases (AST, ALT).<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the frequency of transaminases abnormalities in patients with RA treated with TCZ in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a longitudinal, observational, prospective study. The records of patients diagnosed with RA who fulfilled the 1987 ACR criteria and ACR/EULAR 2010, which use biological therapy with TCZ in HDPB and HFMP in July 2013 until August 2014 were reviewed. All patients signed informed consent. We reviewed a total of 56 records from which we selected patients who had at least 2 follow-up visits after the start of treatment (40 patients) taking into account the transaminases baseline values to compare changes. Visits were conducted every three months, mild and moderate levels were considered between (&gt;1xUI/L, &gt;2xUI/L) and severe (&gt;3xUI/L) over the normal value. The patients whose records were found incomplete during the first 3 visits were excluded. The frequency of continuous variables was analyzed using the SPSS statistical program (V20.x86). <h3>Results</h3> Of 40 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 45% (18) elevated transaminases levels. For AST elevations 33.3% (6) elevated from mild to moderate, only 5.6% (1) severely and 61.1% (11) did not alter the levels. As for ALT, 50% (9) presented increased mild to moderate, 5.6% (1) course with severe elevation and the remaining 44.4% (8) did not alter the normal parameters. On the third visit 50% (9) presented elevated AST from mild to moderate, not severe elevations were reported and 50% (9) remained within normal parameters. Elevations of ALT were higher during the third visit in 72.2% (13) of mild to moderate, only 5.6% (1) course with severe elevation and 22.2% (4) was found within normal values. Of the 18 patients who were enrolled with alterations, 83.33% (15) were using simultaneously therapy with sDMARD. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results of monitoring of a population of Dominican Republic showed that treatment with TCZ was associated with increased levels of transaminases. <h3>References</h3> Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 73:1607-1615. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; 69:88-96. Reumatol Clin.2011, 6 (S3). S29-S32. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Lithium treatment of patients with affective illness associated with organic brain symptoms
Authors: L D Young, I Taylor, V Holmstrom
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

Lithium was used to treat the manic symptoms of affective disorder in three patients with associated organic brain syndromes. In all three cases neuropsychological testing permitted evaluation of the degree of dysfunction during the acute and follow-up periods of treatment. Lithium was effective in controlling the manic symptoms of all three patients, and there was no evidence that it caused further organic deterioration.
Integration of Quantitative Positron Emission Tomography Absolute Myocardial Blood Flow Measurements in the Clinical Management of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Henry Gewirtz, Vasken Dilsizian
Journal: Circulation (2016)

In the >40 years since planar myocardial imaging with(43)K-potassium was introduced into clinical research and management of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), diagnosis and treatment have undergone profound scientific and technological changes. One such innovation is the current state-of-the-art hardware and software for positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging, which has advanced it from a strictly research-oriented modality to a clinically valuable tool. This review traces the evolving role of quantitative positron emission tomography measurements of myocardial blood flow in the evaluation and management of patients with CAD. It presents methodology, currently or soon to be available, that offers a paradigm shift in CAD management. Heretofore, radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging has been primarily qualitative or at best semiquantitative in nature, assessing regional perfusion in relative terms. Thus, unlike so many facets of modern cardiovascular practice and CAD management, which depend, for example, on absolute values of key parameters such as arterial and left ventricular pressures, serum lipoprotein, and other biomarker levels, the absolute levels of rest and maximal myocardial blood flow have yet to be incorporated into routine clinical practice even in most positron emission tomography centers where the potential to do so exists. Accordingly, this review focuses on potential value added for improving clinical CAD practice by measuring the absolute level of rest and maximal myocardial blood flow. Physiological principles and imaging fundamentals necessary to understand how positron emission tomography makes robust, quantitative measurements of myocardial blood flow possible are highlighted.
Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Risk of Parkinson Disease
Authors: Rui Liu, Michael T. Young, Jiu-Chiuan Chen, Joel D. Kaufman, Honglei Chen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the effects of air pollution on the risk of Parkinson disease (PD).We investigated the associations of long-term residential concentrations of ambient particulate matter (PM) < 10 μm in diameter (PM10) and < 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in relation to PD risk.Our nested case-control analysis included 1,556 self-reported physician-diagnosed PD cases identified between 1995 and 2006 and 3,313 controls frequency-matched on age, sex, and race. We geocoded home addresses reported in 1995-1996 and estimated the average ambient concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and NO2 using a national fine-scale geostatistical model incorporating roadway information and other geographic covariates. Air pollutant exposures were analyzed as both quintiles and continuous variables, adjusting for matching variables and potential confounders.We observed no statistically significant overall association between PM or NO2 exposures and PD risk. However, in preplanned subgroup analyses, a higher risk of PD was associated with higher exposure to PM10 (ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.45; p-trend = 0.02) among women, and with higher exposure to PM2.5 (ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.94, 1.76; p-trend = 0.04) among never smokers. In post hoc analyses among female never smokers, both PM2.5 (ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 1.79; 95% CI: 1.01, 3.17; p-trend = 0.05) and PM10 (ORQ5 vs. Q1 = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.29, 4.26; p-trend = 0.01) showed positive associations with PD risk. Analyses based on continuous exposure variables generally showed similar but nonsignificant associations.Overall, we found limited evidence for an association between exposures to ambient PM10, PM2.5, or NO2 and PD risk. The suggestive evidence that exposures to PM2.5 and PM10 may increase PD risk among female never smokers warrants further investigation. Citation: Liu R, Young MT, Chen JC, Kaufman JD, Chen H. 2016. Ambient air pollution exposures and risk of Parkinson disease. Environ Health Perspect 124:1759-1765; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP135.
A phase 1b study with selinexor, a first in class selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE) in patients with advanced sarcomas: An efficacy analysis.
Authors: Mrinal M. Gounder, Alona Zer, William D. Tap, Abha A. Gupta, Mary Louise Keohan, Mark Andrew Dickson, Sandra P. D'Angelo, Ping Chi, Lanier R. Tanner, Theresa Konen, Tami Rashal, Dilara McCauley, Jean-Richard Saint-Martin, Robert Carlson, Tracey Marshall, Sharon Shacham, Mansoor Raza Mirza, Michael Kauffman, Gary Schwartz, Albiruni R. A. Razak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

10569 Background: Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies with diverse genetic abnormalities. Selinexor is a first-in-class, oral, inhibitor of XPO1, (nuclear exportin protein 1) with potent anti-tumor activity in multiple sarcoma cell lines and in murine liposarcoma xenografts. Here we report results from a Phase 1b dose expansion trial of selinexor in sarcoma patients (NCT01896505). Methods: Patients (pts) with advanced, refractory sarcomas with radiographic progression received oral selinexor at 50 mg/m2 twice weekly per 28 day cycle. Pharmacokinetics (PK, n = 12) was assessed in the fasted and fed state. Pharmacodynamic studies were performed on fresh tumor biopsies. Response was evaluated every 2 cycles (RECIST 1.1). Results: 36 pts (14 M / 22 F, ECOG 0/1: 19/17, median age 57.5 years [range 18–86], median lines of previous treatments: 3 [range 1–9]). Disease subtypes include liposarcoma (LPS; N = 12), leiomyosarcoma (LMS; N = 8) and other sarcomas (N = 16). Grade 3 drug related adverse events (AEs) occurring in ≥ 2pts included: fatigue (17%), leucopenia (17%), anemia (11%), hyponatremia (8%) and vomiting (6%). One pt had reversible, grade 3 sensory and autonomic neuropathy and two pts had grade 4 thrombocytopenia (6%). Of the 33 evaluable patients, stable disease was seen in 21/33 (64%) of pts along with decrease of tumor burden (ranging from 5 – 23%) in 7 patients. There were 12 pts (36%) that progressed. In pts with progressive LPS and LMS, the median progression free survival (mPFS) on selinexor was 4.2 months (mo) and 3.7 mo, respectively. PK was similar to previously published results and there was better absorption in the fed state compared to fasting and fat content did not affect bioavailability. Matched pre- and post-tumor biopsies (N = 6) showed target inhibition of XPO1 by nuclear localization of p53, apoptosis by increased cleaved caspase, marked reduction in cellularity and Ki-67 and increase in stroma. Conclusions: Oral selinexor administered twice weekly was well tolerated with manageable toxicities. Selinexor demonstrated durable stable disease in various soft tissue and bone sarcomas. Based on promising results a larger study is planned. Clinical trial information: NCT01896505.
Symptoms of neuroleptic malignant syndrome in 82 consecutive inpatients
Authors: G Addonizio, V L Susman, S D Roth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

This study, a retrospective chart review of 82 consecutive male inpatients, assessed the spectrum and prevalence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The prevalence of diagnosed neuroleptic malignant syndrome (2.4%) was greater than that generally reported. Eight additional patients manifested symptoms that abated without cessation of neuroleptic treatment. This suggests that neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a spectrum disorder that has milder variants. Affective illness may be a risk factor for its development.
Association of HLA Genetic Risk Burden With Disease Phenotypes in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Noriko Isobe, Anisha Keshavan, Pierre-Antoine Gourraud, Alyssa H. Zhu, Esha Datta, Regina Schlaeger, Stacy J. Caillier, Adam Santaniello, Antoine Lizée, Daniel S. Himmelstein, Sergio E. Baranzini, Jill Hollenbach, Bruce A. C. Cree, Stephen L. Hauser, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Roland G. Henry
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

Although multiple HLA alleles associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) risk have been identified, genotype-phenotype studies in the HLA region remain scarce and inconclusive.To investigate whether MS risk-associated HLA alleles also affect disease phenotypes.A cross-sectional, case-control study comprising 652 patients with MS who had comprehensive phenotypic information and 455 individuals of European origin serving as controls was conducted at a single academic research site. Patients evaluated at the Multiple Sclerosis Center at University of California, San Francisco between July 2004 and September 2005 were invited to participate. Spinal cord imaging in the data set was acquired between July 2013 and March 2014; analysis was performed between December 2014 and December 2015.Cumulative HLA genetic burden (HLAGB) calculated using the most updated MS-associated HLA alleles vs clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes, including age at onset, disease severity, conversion time from clinically isolated syndrome to clinically definite MS, fractions of cortical and subcortical gray matter and cerebral white matter, brain lesion volume, spinal cord gray and white matter areas, upper cervical cord area, and the ratio of gray matter to the upper cervical cord area. Multivariate modeling was applied separately for each sex data set.Of the 652 patients with MS, 586 had no missing genetic data and were included in the HLAGB analysis. In these 586 patients (404 women [68.9%]; mean [SD] age at disease onset, 33.6 [9.4] years), HLAGB was higher than in controls (median [IQR], 0.7 [0-1.4] and 0 [-0.3 to 0.5], respectively; P = 1.8 × 10-27). A total of 619 (95.8%) had relapsing-onset MS and 27 (4.2%) had progressive-onset MS. No significant difference was observed between relapsing-onset MS and primary progressive MS. A higher HLAGB was associated with younger age at onset and the atrophy of subcortical gray matter fraction in women with relapsing-onset MS (standard β = -1.20 × 10-1; P = 1.7 × 10-2 and standard β = -1.67 × 10-1; P = 2.3 × 10-4, respectively), which were driven mainly by the HLA-DRB1*15:01 haplotype. In addition, we observed the distinct role of the HLA-A*24:02-B*07:02-DRB1*15:01 haplotype among the other common DRB1*15:01 haplotypes and a nominally protective effect of HLA-B*44:02 to the subcortical gray atrophy (standard β = -1.28 × 10-1; P = 5.1 × 10-3 and standard β = 9.52 × 10-2; P = 3.6 × 10-2, respectively).We confirm and extend previous observations linking HLA MS susceptibility alleles with disease progression and specific clinical and magnetic resonance imaging phenotypic traits.
Third-party payers and breast cancer study.
Authors: E G de Vries, P J Meijs, S Rodenhuis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.809 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9469382 Third-party payers and breast cancer study. E G de VriesxE G de VriesSearch for articles by this author , P J MeijsxP J MeijsSearch for articles by this author , S RodenhuisxS RodenhuisSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.2.809 PDF "Third-party payers and breast cancer study.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(2), p. 809© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
SAT0350 Sarcoïdosis: Osteoarticular Involvememt- 57 Cases -
Authors: K. Echchilali, M. Benzakour, F.-Z. Alaoui, M. Moudatir, H. Elkabli
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Sarcoïdosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease in which multiple organs, including the locomotor system, may be involved. Osteoarticular manifestations of sarcoidosis may be specific or nonspecific. They may be the presenting feature or may occur late after onset, either isolated or combined with other clinical manifestations. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and therapeutic features of the osteoarticular sarcoidosis in Moroccan patients <h3>Methods</h3> It was a monocentric study realized in internal medicine department over 30 years (January 1985- August 2014) and including 57 sarcoid patients with osteoarticular manifestations. The diagnosis was based on a set of arguments (clinical, biological and radiological) with at least one positive biopsy site. <h3>Results</h3> 57 patients among 111 cases of sarcoïdosis had osteoarticular manifestations (prevalence: 53,35%). The female sex was predominant (52 women/ 5 men) with a mean age of 44 years (range: 25-49). Osteoaticular involvement revealed the disease in 8,1% of cases. Joint damage was the most frequent (91,22%) and was made inflammatory arthralgia (50,87%), Löfgren9s syndrome (7,01%), chronic polyarthritis (31,57%) and acute oligoarthritis (8,77%). Bone involvement revealed sarcoidosis in 2 cases and was noted in 15,78% of patients. 8 patients (14,03%) had dactylis with cystic lesions, osteitis, periosteitis or destructrice lesions. The jaw hypertrophy was noted in 1 case. Bone biopsy had revealed the sarcoidosis granuloma in 4 cases where it was performed. One of our patients had a clinical miopathy and two others combined an ankylosing spondyloarthritis. Treatment was based on the non -steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, associated or not to hydroxychloroquine or methotrexate. Glucocorticoïds were prescribed in the bone involvement. The evolution was good in the most of our patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Sarcoïdosis is a granulomatous systemic disease potentially involving the locomotor system. It is characterized by arthralgia, oligoarthritis and polyarthritis. Osseous involvement is rare and primarily affects small and distal bones. Corticosteroids are commonly used to treat more serious cases, but may result in additional risks of osteoporosis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
PTH-344 True local cancer intelligence: correlation between stage of colorectal cancer at diagnosis and uptake of faecal occult blood screening
Authors: S Randhawa, N Pawa, J Clarke, A Prabhudesai, A Myers
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death. Identification and treatment of disease at an early stage is associated with significantly improved outcomes. True cancer intelligence, defined as knowledge of the patient population and uptake of screening services by colorectal surgeons, would aid early diagnosis and service management. This study aimed to identify areas associated with late stage colorectal cancer presentation and corresponding uptake of faecal occult blood screening (FOB), to promote focused interventions at a primary care level aimed at improving disease outcomes. <h3>Method</h3> All colorectal cancer presentations to our centre between November 2010 and January 2013 were analysed. Age at presentation, GP and patient postcode were recorded. FOB uptake by GP practices was correlated to cancer stage at presentation (determined by radiological and histological reports, grouping them into early (stage I/II) and late (stage III/IV) stages). Data was analysed to determine whether uptake of FOB was correlated to stage of disease. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 205 consecutive non-screen detected colorectal cancer cases were analysed, with a mean age of 75 years (range 43–100). Late stage disease was seen in 57% of cases of our population. There is a correlation between areas that have a low uptake of FOB and late stage at diagnosis. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The proportion of patients presenting with late stage disease to our centre is greater than the national average. The correlation between low FOB screening uptake and disease-stage would suggest that certain areas would benefit from focused screening services to improve local GP and patient understanding of colorectal cancer and screening. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
SURGICAL MEASURES FOR THE RELIEF OF INTRACTABLE ANGINAL PAIN
Authors: P. W. C.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Editorial1 August 1948SURGICAL MEASURES FOR THE RELIEF OF INTRACTABLE ANGINAL PAINP. W. C.P. W. C.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-29-2-379 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough the pain of coronary artery disease can usually be controlled by rest and other appropriate conservative measures, there are occasional cases in which this is impossible. Frequently recurring attacks of severe pain, coming on with the slightest exertion or even while at rest, not only are incapacitating and torturing to the victim but may constitute a grave risk to life in themselves. In such cases radical measures which offer a reasonable prospect of relief are fully justified if the operative hazard is not prohibitive and if the untoward results that may follow are not too disturbing. It is natural,...1 BECK CS: Principles underlying the operative approach to the treatment of myocardial ischemia, Ann. Surg., 1943, cxviii, 788-806. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2 O'SHAUGHNESSY L: Surgical treatment of cardiac ischemia, Lancet, 1937, i, 185-199. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3 WHITEGARREYATKINS JCWEJA: Cardiac innervation: Experimental and clinical studies, Arch. Surg., 1933, xxvi, 765-786. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 WHITE JC: Technique of paravertebral alcohol injection: Methods and safeguards in its use in the treatment of angina pectoris, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1940, lxxi, 334-343. Google Scholar5 WHITE JC: The surgical relief of severe angina pectoris, Medicine, 1948, xxvii, 1-42. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6 LINDGRENOLIVECRONA IH: Surgical treatment of angina pectoris, Jr. Neurosurg., 1947, iv, 19-39. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7 RAY BS: The management of intractable pain by posterior rhizotomy, Proc. Assoc. Res. Nerv. and Mental Dis., 1943, xxiii, 391-407. Google Scholar8 FAUTEUX M: Surgical treatment of angina pectoris. Experiences with ligation of the great cardiac vein and pericoronary neurectomy, Ann. Surg., 1946, cxxiv, 1041-1046. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1948Volume 29, Issue 2Page: 379-383KeywordsStable coronary artery disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
New frontiers in cancer chemotherapy?
Authors: J O Armitage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1986.4.11.1577 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3534153 New frontiers in cancer chemotherapy? J O ArmitagexJ O ArmitageSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1986.4.11.1577 PDF "New frontiers in cancer chemotherapy?." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 4(11), pp. 1577–1578© 1986 by American Society of Clinical Oncology