tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter by Madias Regarding Article, “Three Recurrent Episodes of Apical-Ballooning Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy in a Man”
Authors: John E. Madias
Journal: Circulation (2016)

The contribution by Cattaneo et al, 1 published ahead of print on December 15, 2015 in Circulation, about the 66-year-old man who experienced 3 recurrent episodes of takotsubo syndrome (TTS) in the course of 3 years, is unique, because, as the authors stated, the 3 well-documented episodes of classic apical-ballooning TTS involved the same midventricular and apical myocardial territories, and they occurred in a man.Otherwise, recurrence of TTS in women with 2 successive episodes has been frequently reported, 2 and recurrence with 3 episodes has been documented. 3Indeed, a report with 4 recurrent episodes of TTS has been published. 4One wonders whether the frequent reports of women with unexplainable self-limited bouts of chest pain and shortness of breath before or after a documented episode of TTS represent occurrences of milder atypical episodes of TTS. 5 Only liberal use of transthoracic echocardiography with a very low threshold of application, and using even handheld echocardiographic devices (with their recognized limitations), may shed some light as to the nature of these episodes.An even more feasible way of deciphering the puzzling concerns of patients in the clinic may be the use of smartphone technology by the patients to frequently transmit their ECG, which could be evaluated by cardiologists for the presence of the ECG hallmarks of TTS (ST-segment elevations, T-wave inversions, low-amplitude QRS complexes, and QTc prolongation). 5 Some of these episodes that some patients are reporting are more frequent with cold weather, and it is of interest that this patient had the first episode of TTS while fishing very early in the morning (? temperature) at high altitude, and the third episode while again fishing in the morning in cold weather (? altitude).In reference to the second recurrent episode of TTS, described as not having a clear precipitant, 1 do the authors know whether the patient was at a high altitude and the weather was cold at the inception of his illness?
A possible cellular source of peritoneal metastasis after curative distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Authors: Satoshi Murata, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi, Sachiko Kaida, Mitsuaki Ishida, Katsushi Takebayashi, Hirokazu Kodama, Masaji Tani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

e15003 Background: Recently, we have shown that viable cancer cells (CCs) spilled into the peritoneal cavity during curative gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) were tumorigenic and showed the clinical potential to develop into peritoneal metastasis (PM). Spilling viable CCs occurred more frequently in cases with advanced tumor invasion or lymph node metastasis. However, peritoneal relapse has been reported even in pT1 and pN0 GC, suggesting the presence of other channels for the spilling of CCs. In this study, we examined the presence of viable CCs or cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in the remnant stomach (RS) just before the gastrointestinal tract reconstruction (GI-Rec) to illustrate a source of PM after potentially curative gastrectomy for GC. Methods: Patients with open distal gastrectomy (ODG) (n = 97) or laparoscopic assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) (n = 44) for GC were enrolled in this prospective study. Patients with clinical T1N0M0 underwent LADG. Irrigated fluid with saline in the RS just before GI-Rec was corrected and examined cytologically. CCs detected were evaluated the proliferative activity by Ki67 stain and their stemness by CSC surface markers (CD44s or CD44v6). Results: Viable CCs were detected in 33 (23.2%) of 142 cases. CCs detected formed clusters. All cases with positive for CCs in the RS showed proliferative activity of CCs detected. Residual free CCs were significantly found in advanced GC more than in early GC (T1) (p= 0.001), and in differentiated type more than in undifferentiated type (p= 0.016). Even in patients with pT1(SM) early GC, 6 of 30 (20.0%) showed free CCs. And patients with LADG (35.7%) significantly increased the incidence of positive for CCs than that with ODG (5.9%) (p= 0.036). Five (55.6%) of the last nine cases detected free CCs were positive for CSC marker. Surface area of primary GC in these 5 cases was also positive for CSC. Conclusions: Viable CCs including CSCs existed in the RS just before GI-Rec, suggesting that these CCs could be a source of PM after potentially curative gastrectomy for GC. We should be careful not to disseminate contents liquid of the remnant stomach into the peritoneal cavity, especially in the procedure of laparoscopic intracorporeal reconstruction.
Fate Mapping and Quantitation of Hematopoiesis In Vivo
Authors: Thomas Höfer, Katrin Busch, Kay Klapproth, Hans-Reimer Rodewald
Journal: Annual Review of Immunology (2016)

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and downstream progenitors have long been studied based on phenotype, cell purification, proliferation, and transplantation into myeloablated recipients. These experiments, complemented by data on expression profiles, mouse mutants, and humans with hematopoietic defects, are the foundation for the current hematopoietic differentiation tree. However, there are fundamental gaps in our knowledge of the quantitative and qualitative operation of the HSC/progenitor system under physiological and pathological conditions in vivo. The hallmarks of HSCs, self-renewal and multipotency, are observed in in vitro assays and cell transplantation experiments; however, the extent to which these features occur naturally in HSCs and progenitors remains uncertain. We focus here on work that strives to address these unresolved questions, with emphasis on fate mapping and modeling of the hematopoietic flow from stem cells toward myeloid and lymphoid lineages during development and adult life.
Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: Robert Zachariae
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Meta-analysis of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists (NK-1 RA) for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV)
Authors: I. W. Tremont-Lukats, J. González-Barboteo, E. Bruera, F. J. Brescia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8047 Background: CINV remains a problem for many patients treated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy. NK1 RAs are antiemetics that could improve CINV prophylaxis. We evaluated the effectiveness of NK1 RAs to completely control acute and delayed CINV. Methods: We used an optimized search strategy to identify RCTs between 1990–2003 comparing NK1 RAs with control therapy. Three reviewers independently collected data trials, resolving disagreements by consensus. The endpoints were complete response (total freedom from CINV, no rescue drugs) measured as risk ratios (RR), and numbers-needed-to-treat for benefit (NNTB). Acute and delayed phases were analyzed separately. Sensitivity analyses included heterogeneity and publication bias tests. Results: The search yielded seven RCTs (n = 1568 evaluable patients). All trials had good methodological quality, only one trial describing checks to ensure blinding. All patients were chemotherapy-nave and received cisplatin 50–100 mg/m2. Pharmaceutical companies sponsored all trials. For acute CINV, NK1 RAs used alone or with standard therapy were not better than control; for delayed CINV, the treatment effect favored NK1 RAs over control (Table). There was significant heterogeneity in acute CINV due to sample size. Delayed CINV was homogeneous, and outlying studies did not adversely affect results. We found no evidence of publication bias. Conclusions: NK1 RAs added to standard therapy significantly increased complete response rates from delayed CINV, with no significant effect on acute CINV. Results for acute CINV need cautious interpretation because of between-trial inconsistency. Results in delayed CINV are more robust, but we cannot exclude sponsor bias. Future RCTs funded independently may determine to what extent results of this meta-analysis were sponsor-biased. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Outcomes in Adults With Acute Liver Failure Between 1998 and 2013
Authors: Adrian Reuben, Holly Tillman, Robert J. Fontana, Timothy Davern, Brendan Mcguire, R. Todd Stravitz, Valerie Durkalski, Anne M. Larson, Iris Liou, Oren Fix, Michael Schilsky, Timothy Mccashland, J. Eileen Hay, Natalie Murray, Obaid S. Shaikh, Daniel Ganger, Atif Zaman, Steven B. Han, Raymond T. Chung, Alastair Smith, Robert Brown, Jeffrey Crippin, M. Edwyn Harrison, David Koch, Santiago Munoz, K. Rajender Reddy, Lorenzo Rossaro, Raj Satyanarayana, Tarek Hassanein, A. James Hanje, Jody Olson, Ram Subramanian, Constantine Karvellas, Bilal Hameed, Averell H. Sherker, Patricia Robuck, William M. Lee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2016)

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare syndrome of severe, rapid-onset hepatic dysfunction-without prior advanced liver disease-that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Intensive care and liver transplantation provide support and rescue, respectively.To determine whether changes in causes, disease severity, treatment, or 21-day outcomes have occurred in recent years among adult patients with ALF referred to U.S. tertiary care centers.Prospective observational cohort study. (ClinicalTrials .gov: NCT00518440).31 liver disease and transplant centers in the United States.Consecutively enrolled patients-without prior advanced liver disease-with ALF (n = 2070).Clinical features, treatment, and 21-day outcomes were compared over time annually for trends and were also stratified into two 8-year periods (1998 to 2005 and 2006 to 2013).Overall clinical characteristics, disease severity, and distribution of causes remained similar throughout the study period. The 21-day survival rates increased between the two 8-year periods (overall, 67.1% vs. 75.3%; transplant-free survival [TFS], 45.1% vs. 56.2%; posttransplantation survival, 88.3% vs. 96.3% [P < 0.010 for each]). Reductions in red blood cell infusions (44.3% vs. 27.6%), plasma infusions (65.2% vs. 47.1%), mechanical ventilation (65.7% vs. 56.1%), and vasopressors (34.9% vs. 27.8%) were observed, as well as increased use of N-acetylcysteine (48.9% vs. 69.3% overall; 15.8% vs. 49.4% [P < 0.001] in patients with ALF not due to acetaminophen toxicity). When examined longitudinally, overall survival and TFS increased throughout the 16-year period.The duration of enrollment, the number of patients enrolled, and possibly the approaches to care varied among participating sites. The results may not be generalizable beyond such specialized centers.Although characteristics and severity of ALF changed little over 16 years, overall survival and TFS improved significantly. The effects of specific changes in intensive care practice on survival warrant further study.National Institutes of Health.
Clinical characteristics of fatigued Parkinson’s patients and the response to dopaminergic treatment
Authors: Rao Fu, Xiao-Guang Luo, Yan Ren, Zhi-Yi He, Hong Lv
Journal: Translational Neurodegeneration (2016)

Fatigue, which is commonly observed in Parkinson's disease (PD), can greatly reduce quality of life and is difficult to treat. We here aimed to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of fatigue among PD patients and to explore an effective strategy to treat PD fatigue.This was an observational cross-sectional study conducted in northeastern China. We examined fatigue in 222 PD patients from northeastern China using the Parkinson Fatigue Scale-16 (PFS-16). The disease severity, depression, sleep and cognitive functioning were assessed with the Hoehn & Yahr staging (H-Y stage), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale (PDSS) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) by interview.The frequency of fatigue in PD patients was 59.46 %. Fatigued patients had longer disease durations and greater disease severity than nonfatigued patients. Additionally, fatigued PD patients scored significantly higher for all motor symptoms, except for tremor, and had more serious depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances than nonfatigued PD patients did. The sleep disturbance severity was an independent factor for fatigue. Furthermore, 43.04 % of fatigued patients taking dopaminergic drugs had fatigue remission. Depression severity was identified as an independent factor for dopaminergic drug non-responsive fatigue.PD patients with severe sleep disturbances tend to suffer from fatigue. Levodopa improved fatigue only in PD patients with mild depression or no depression, implying that dopaminergic medication is required, but not sufficient, for fatigue suppression in PD patients with moderate or severe depression. Thus, restoring serotonergic neurotransmission as a combination therapy may offer a better strategy for the treatment of fatigue in these patients.
Reflux and Barrett’s disease
Authors: J. Mannath, K. Ragunath
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

This randomized, sham-controlled trial investigated the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in eradicating Barrett’s dysplasia and preventing progression of disease. Various uncontrolled trials have been done in the past that have confirmed the safety and beneficial effects of RFA in eradicating dysplasia and intestinal metaplasia [2] [3]. This study included 127 patients, 64 with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) and 63 with high-grade dysplasia (HGD), from 19 different centers in the USA. Patients were randomized in a stratified fashion to receive either RFA or a sham procedure in a 2 : 1 proportion. The primary outcome variables were complete eradication of dysplasia in the LGD and HGD groups as well as eradication of specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) at 12 months. Secondary outcomes included progression of disease, histologic eradication of SIM, discomfort level of patients, and adverse events. A maximum of four ablation sessions were offered in the treatment group and regular histologic analyses were performed.
Immunomodulatory activity of nivolumab in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC): Association of biomarkers with clinical outcomes.
Authors: Toni K. Choueiri, Mayer N. Fishman, Bernard Escudier, David F. McDermott, Harriet M. Kluger, Walter Michael Stadler, Jose Luis Perez-Gracia, Douglas G. McNeel, Brendan D. Curti, Michael Roger Harrison, Elizabeth R. Plimack, Leonard Joseph Appleman, Lawrence Fong, Charles G. Drake, Tina C. Young, Scott D. Chasalow, Petra Ross-Macdonald, Jason S. Simon, Dana Walker, Mario Sznol
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

4500 Background: This prospective biomarker study in patients (pts) with mRCC treated with the programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor antibody nivolumab assessed baseline (BL) and changes in serum chemokines, tumor T cell infiltrates (TIL), gene expression, T cell repertoire (TCR), and other biomarkers potentially associated with clinical outcomes (NCT01358721). Methods: Pts treated with 1–3 prior therapies received nivolumab 0.3, 2, or 10 mg/kg IV Q3W; treatment-naïve pts received 10 mg/kg IV Q3W. Biopsies were obtained at BL and cycle 2 day 8. Overall survival (OS) parameters were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Tumor PD-L1 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry (28-8 antibody; Dako). PD-L1 positivity was defined as ≥ 5% tumor membrane staining in ≥ 1 biopsy; tumor burden response as ≥ 20% reduction. Gene expression data were obtained on Affymetrix U219. Results: 91 pts were treated. Of 56 evaluable BL biopsies, 32% were PD-L1+. Median OS (95% CI) was 16.4 mo (10.1–not reached [NR]) for 0.3 mg/kg, NR for 2 mg/kg, 25.2 mo (12.0–NR) for 10 mg/kg, and NR for treatment-naïve pts. 1-yr and 2-yr OS rates (95% CI) were 75% (64–83) and 58% (46–68), respectively. OS by PD-L1 status is summarized (table). Pts with tumor burden response (n = 13) had ≥ 1.3-fold differential BL expression of 311 genes (P < 0.01, false discovery rate < 16%). Cell-mediated immune transcripts were elevated, including effector cell markers GZMB, NKG7, and CD7, NK/CD8-activating ligand MICB, inflammasome component AIM2, and activated macrophage marker IL-1a. Analysis of association between OS and serum chemokine levels, TCR and TIL is ongoing. Conclusions: Association of immune markers at BL with subsequent tumor burden response suggests that infiltrating immune activating cells may mediate response to nivolumab in mRCC pts. Consistent with the randomized phase II study of nivolumab in mRCC, OS appears longer in PD-L1+ pts but promising in both PD-L1+ and PD-L1– pts, especially when treatment-naïve. Clinical trial information: NCT01358721. PD-L1+ n = 18 PD-L1– n = 38 Median OS, mo (95% CI) Overall NR 23.4 (13.1–33.3) Previously treated NR 22.3 (12.0–27.0) Treatment-naïve NR 33.3 (2.0–NR) OS rate, % (95% CI) 1-yr 71 (44–87) 71 (52–83) 2-yr 64 (37–82) 48 (30–64)
High Frequency of Rare Alleles of the Human c-Ha-ras-1 Proto-oncogene in Breast Cancer Patients2
Authors: Rosette Lidereau, Chantal Escot, Charles Theillet, Marie-Helene Champeme, Maurice Brunet, Jean Gest, Robert Callahan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Journal Article High Frequency of Rare Alleles of the Human c-Ha-ras-1 Proto-oncogene in Breast Cancer Patients Get access Rosette Lidereau, Rosette Lidereau Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Chantal Escot, Chantal Escot Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles Theillet, Charles Theillet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marie-Helene Champeme, Marie-Helene Champeme Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maurice Brunet, Maurice Brunet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean Gest, Jean Gest Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Callahan Robert Callahan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 77, Issue 3, September 1986, Pages 697–701, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/77.3.697 Published: 01 September 1986 Article history Received: 22 November 1985 Accepted: 28 April 1986 Published: 01 September 1986
Abstract 3787: Effects of Running Exercise on Aortic Telomere Regulating Proteins, Survival Pathways and Apoptosis
Authors: Christian Werner, Milad Hanhoun, Janine Poess, Tobias Fuerster, Judith Haendeler, Michael Boehm, Ulrich Laufs
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: The vasoprotective effects of physical exercise are only partially understood on the molecular level. Telomere-associated proteins affect cellular senescence and survival. We studied the molecular effects of physical exercise in aortic tissue of running and sedentary mice. Methods: C57/Bl6 wildtype, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (ENOS) deficient and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) deficient mice were randomized to voluntary running or no running wheel conditions (n=8 –10 per group). Results: Physical exercise for 3 weeks upregulated aortic telomerase activity to 303 ± 32% (p&lt;0.01) of sedentary controls, increased protein expression telomere-repeat binding factor (TRF) 2 (254 ± 35%, p&lt;0.05) and reduced protein expression of the senescence / apoptosis regulators Chk2 (41 ± 12%), p53 (51 ± 12%) and p16 (64 ± 19%). Running increased mRNA expression of TRF1 (193 ± 50%), TRF2 (192 ± 14%) and of the repair protein Ku70 (365 ± 121%). These exercise-induced changes were absent in ENOS −/− and TERT −/− mice. Aortic telomere length as determined by quantitative fluorescence in-situ hybridization (QFISH) did not differ between 3 week and 6 months old sedentary or running mice (1914 ± 166 vs. 1762 ± 394 telomere fluorescence units, TFU), but was lower in 18 months old sedentary control mice (1142 ± 117 TFU, p&lt;0.05). To test the physiologic relevance of these exercise-mediated anti-senescent pathways, vascular oxidative stress was induced in-vivo by intraperitoneal injection of 25mg/kg paraquat for 24 hours before quantification of endothelial apoptosis in the thoracic aorta. Compared to sedentary mice, paraquat increased apoptotic cell death to 581 ± 48 %, whereas apoptosis was significantly lower in mice preconditioned by 21 days voluntary exercise (320 ± 34%, p&lt;0.001 vs. control and paraquat). Conclusions: Voluntary physical activity upregulates aortic telomere regulating proteins which induces anti-senescent and anti-apoptotic effects mediated by ENOS and TERT independent of telomere length.
Tasteless Insights
Authors: David Bruce Williams
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Patient Preferences During Skin Cancer Screening Examination
Authors: Neil A. M. Houston, Aaron M. Secrest, Ryan J. Harris, Westley S. Mori, Mark J. Eliason, Charles M. Phillips, Laura K. Ferris
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

means for MASI were highest for those with severe MSS and the lowest for those with mild MSS (means: mild, 6.9 [95% CI, 4.9-8.8];moderate, 12.4 [95 CI, 11.1-13.7];severe, 20.2 [95% CI, 18.6-21.9]).Discussion | This study provides a framework that facilitates meaningful clinical interpretation of the numerical mMASI score.The ranges for mMASI provided herein correspond to global levels of severity using the MSS.Such categorization in MSS levels can assist clinicians in interpreting clinical trial data, severity of disease, and response to treatment.The mMASI is a simple, reliable validated tool that is a modification of the most commonly used outcome measure for melasma.This user-friendly tool can now be correlated with the newly proposed clinical ranges of severity presented in the Figure, which can be used to assist researchers in determining entry criteria for clinical trains for melasma and improvement of melasma with treatment.