tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P156 Overuse of inhaled corticosteroids in asthma patients with concurrent exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction
Authors: C Porsbjerg, A Sverrild, E Walsted, K Mirza
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO) causes asthma-like respiratory symptoms (i.e. shortness of breath and wheezing) and EILO is therefore difficult to distinguish from asthma in the clinic, resulting in a diagnostic dilemma in symptom based asthma management. We aimed to elucidate if the symptom contribution from EILO affected treatment strategy in patients suffering from both asthma and EILO compared with patients suffering from asthma only. <h3>Methods</h3> We included 28 consecutively referred subjects with verified asthma, of which 11 had concurrent EILO. At baseline and at a one-year follow-up, all subjects underwent a thorough work-up consisting of a detailed clinical interview including asthma medication history, ACQ and mini-AQLQ scores, and diagnostic tests including spirometry, Mannitol and Methacholine bronchoprovocation tests, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide. Further, all subjects underwent a continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE) test verifying the severity or absence of any concurrent EILO. <h3>Results</h3> Subjects who suffered from both asthma and EILO were prescribed higher doses of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) as a result of the baseline work-up (P = 0.016) and were reduced in ICS doses at time of follow-up (P = 0.027) and reported a significant decrease in ACQ-scores at one-year follow-up (P = 0.016). In subjects with asthma only, there were no significant changes in ACQ scores at time of follow up despite of comparable asthma severities between groups at time of referral. <h3>Conclusion</h3> EILO is a relevant differential diagnosis when managing patients with respiratory symptoms in a tertiary asthma clinic. Symptoms arising from EILO are difficult to distinguish from asthma symptoms, resulting in an ostensible overuse of ICS in patients with EILO. Further studies are needed to establish the clinical consequences and the optimal treatment strategy in this patient group.
Case 25-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Edwin P. Maynard, Jaime Prat
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 91-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a mass in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.The patient was born in Italy and immigrated to this country at the age of 16 years. At 21 years a spontaneous abortion occurred, vaginal bleeding persisted for two weeks, and a laparotomy was performed, with the removal of "a large tumor." Thereafter she was well until four weeks before admission, when she began to have pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, with fever and chills. The pain became diffuse, and four days later . . .
Successful Treatment by Nephrectomy of Hypertension Resulting from Aorticorenal Embolus
Authors: Peter W. Stone, John B. McNally, Jere W. Lord, J. William Hinton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THERE are several well documented cases of hypertension resulting from unilateral renal ischemia.1 2 3 4 5 6 In the majority of these, obstruction of the renal artery has been chronic and has been the result of arteriosclerosis or thrombosis in the renal artery or in the aorta adjacent to the renal arterial orifice. However, Poutasse et al.6 recently reported 2 cases in which hypertension resulted from fibrous intimal proliferation at the orifice of the renal artery. The primary treatment in the majority of the reported cases has been nephrectomy, with prompt remission of the hypertension, although Freeman and his associates1 have described a satisfactory . . .
Interlaboratory assay reproducibility study for loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 18 (18q LOH) in colon cancer
Authors: J. M. Jessup, K. Dobbin, S. Hamilton, S. Thibodeau, M. Redston, S. Taube, Z. Wang, J. Benedetti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

4052 Background: 18q LOH may be a useful marker in stage II colon carcinoma to assess who needs adjuvant chemotherapy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the intra- and inter-laboratory reproducibility of an assay for 18q LOH that is similar to the integral assay used in E5202, the current Intergroup phase III stage II colon carcinoma clinical trial. Methods: Specimens from 130 stage II/III colon cancer patients were obtained from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network and evaluated at three different laboratories. Samples were divided into subsamples, coded and distributed. Each laboratory used similar equipment in an established PCR protocol with 5 dinucleotide repeats. Starting materials used both histologic sections and extracted DNA samples of tumor and non-neoplastic tissue obtained only by scalpel microdissection. LOH was defined as tumor/normal peak ratio that was &gt;1.35 or &lt;0.67 without microsatellite instability (MSI). Tumors were categorized as either MSI+, LOH + or -, uninformative/monoallelic, or unevaluable (DNA not amplifiable). Standard tests assessed reproducibility of both the numerical ratios and the tumor 18q LOH status. Results: Sample quality issues prevented analysis of 13 tumors (10%). The frequency of 18q LOH was 64%. The probability of agreement on the same tumor evaluated twice was 92% (Cohen's kappa 0.83). Intra-class correlation coefficients for individual markers were consistently over 0.90. Tissue specimens must have high (&gt;85%) tumor cell content for reproducibility. Differences among patients affected reproducibility much more than effects of laboratory and sample type (DNA vs. histologic section). Conclusions: This study validates reproducibility of the 18q LOH assay for both clinical categorization of status and numerical ratios if samples are high quality and appropriate for scalpel microdissection. [Table: see text]
Effect of Splenectomy on Ascites in Schistosomiasis Japonica
Authors: S T LU, H LIU, Y M CHEN, H L YIN, K H LU, C S CHENG, M K TANG, F Y FU
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Andrew G. Jessiman, Francis D. Moore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

THE management of mammary cancer has been at the forefront of surgical thought during the past half century. Now, the therapeutic horizon is expanding rapidly. We can offer the unfortunate woman suffering from this common disease a remarkable range of helpful measures even though she is far advanced in her illness and cure beyond our reach.The purpose of this paper is to review the present status of work in this field, the endocrine aspects of which were last reviewed in the Journal by the late Dr. Nathanson in 1952.1 Since the publication of his review, the chief areas of . . .
Simultaneous Urinary Assays for the Combined Metanephrines and 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylglycol in Patients with Pheochromocytoma and Primary Hypertension
Authors: Robert L. Wolf, Milton Mendlowitz, Julia Roboz, Stanley E. Gitlow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE discovery, by Armstrong and McMillan,1 in 1957, of the presence of the catecholamine metabolite, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxymandelic acid (VMA), in human urine stimulated investigations that resulted in the identification of other urinary catecholamine metabolites, the quantitative determinations of their relative urinary excretions and the employment of these urinary catecholamine metabolite assays in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and other catecholamine-secreting tumors.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Technics for the quantitative urinary determination of VMA employing a variety of analytic procedures have been described, and the increased excretion of this metabolite in patients with pheochromocytomas has been emphasized.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Axelrod and other investigators subsequently demonstrated that epinephrine (E) and . . .
Activity of AT13387, a novel, non-ansamycin inhibitor of heat shock protein 90, against gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).
Authors: Daruka Mahadevan, Geoffrey Shapiro, Sandra E. Kurtin, James M. Cleary, John F. Lyons, Ana Rodriguez-Lopez, Murray Yule, Valarie Ahanonu, Gavin S. Choy, Mojtaba Noursalehi, Mohammad Azab
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

105 Background: AT13387 is a second-generation potent, novel non-ansamycin HSP90 inhibitor (Kd 0.71nM). The majority of GIST tumors are characterized by activating mutations of c-KIT, an HSP90 client protein. Secondary resistance mutations within c-KIT limit clinical responses to TKIs. The dependence of c-KIT and its mutated forms on HSP90 suggests that HSP90 inhibition may be a valuable treatment option for imatinib-sensitive and resistant clones. In vitro, AT13387 inhibited the proliferation of imatinib-sensitive (GIST882, GIST-T1) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430, GIST48) cell lines. In vivo, AT13387 demonstrated anti-tumor activity in the imatinib-sensitive (GIST-PSW) and imatinib-resistant (GIST430) xenograft models. Induction of HSP70, depletion of phospho-c-KIT and inhibition of c-KIT signaling were observed in both models. Combination treatment of imatinib and AT13387 in the GIST430 model was well tolerated and significantly enhanced tumor growth inhibition over either monotherapies. Methods: In a completed phase I study, AT13387 was administered IV over 1 hour twice weekly or weekly of a 28-day cycle in a standard 3+3 dose-escalation design. The primary endpoint was to determine the MTD; secondary endpoints included PK, PD, safety and tolerability. Results: The PK exposures were dose-dependent and linear. AT13387 was well tolerated on both schedules. DLTs included primarily G2 AEs of GI toxicities, fatigue and infusion site reactions. The once weekly RP2D was determined to be 260 mg/m 2 . HSP70 induction was 2–7 fold at higher doses. A total of 7 GIST subjects were enrolled. An objective and durable PR was observed in one subject and 2 SDs at 8, 7 and 11 months, respectively. The PR subject demonstrated molecular resistance to kinase inhibitor treatment in the c-KIT gene prior to initiation of AT13387 therapy in two resected lesions by harboring the same activating c-KIT deletion in exon 11 and two separate TKI resistance mutations in exon 17. Conclusions: Overall, these results suggest AT13387 is a promising agent in GIST, including TKI-resistant c-Kit positive GIST. AT13387 is currently being evaluated in combination with imatinib in an ongoing phase I/II study. Clinical trial information: NCT01294202.
Nitric Oxide as a Mediator of Hemodynamic Abnormalities and Sodium and Water Retention in Cirrhosis
Authors: Pierre-Yves Martin, Pere Ginès, Robert W. Schrier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

A decade ago, it was proposed that peripheral arterial vasodilation was an important event in the pathophysiology of ascites formation in patients with cirrhosis.1 At the same time, nitric oxide was demonstrated to be a potent vasodilator with a major role in the regulation of vascular tone,2 and it was hypothesized that nitric oxide could be the cause of the hyperdynamic circulation of patients with cirrhosis.3 Since then, studies in animals and humans with portal hypertension have provided evidence suggesting that nitric oxide has an important role in the hemodynamic abnormalities that characterize cirrhosis and the associated sodium and water . . .
Hürthle Cells Adenoma of the Thyroid with Post-surgical Implants in the Neck: Clinical, Morphological, and Molecular Analysis of Three Cases
Authors: Massimo Bongiovanni, Silvia Uccella, Luca Giovanella, Francesca Molinari, Milo Frattini, Gianlorenzo Dionigi, Eliana Piantanida, Antoine Nobile, Fausto Sessa, Stefano La Rosa
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2016)
Obstructive Uropathy Secondary to Endometriosis
Authors: Jan Deprest, G. Marchal, Ivo Brosens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

To the Editor: Ureteral obstruction is an infrequent but serious complication of pelvic endometriosis. Often, endometriosis is not identified as the cause of the obstruction before surgery. Hormona...
Insulin-Regulatory Mechanisms and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Harry N. Antoniades, James A. Bougas, Rafael Camerini-Davalos, Hugh M. Pyle, Stanley J. Mazurkie, Oscar Lozano-Castaneda, Alexander Marble
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

STUDIES have shown that the administration of sodium tolbutamide results in a rise of the insulin content of the pancreatic venous blood of laboratory animals1 2 3 4 5 and also in the peripheral venous blood of nondiabetic human subjects and patients with non iabetes.2 , 6 These findings confirm Loubatières's7 suggestion that the sulfonylureas stimulate the pancreas and exert their action through the release of endogenous insulin.The studies reported here provide evidence that tolbutamide has at least a dual action: it stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas and also increases the rate of utilization of the inactive form of circulating insulin both . . .
Risk Factors for Cyclosporine-Induced Nephropathy in Patients with Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Gilles Feutren, Michael J. Mihatsch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressive drug that is used to treat patients with autoimmune disease as well as patients who have received allografts. The drug can cause renal damage, but the incidence of and risk factors for nephropathy in patients treated with cyclosporine for autoimmune or inflammatory diseases are not known.
A TRPC3 signalling complex promotes cerebral artery remodelling during hypertension
Authors: Paulo Wagner Pires, Scott Earley
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

This editorial refers to ‘TRPC3 channel confers cerebrovascular remodelling during hypertension via transactivation of EGF receptor signalling’ by M. Wang et al. , pp. 34–43. 

Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily of cation channels are key players in critical aspects of vascular function, such as angiogenesis, endothelium-dependent vasodilation, functional hyperaemia, and pressure-induced autoregulation of cerebral artery tone.1 Recent work highlights the importance of TRP channels as components of complex subcellular signalling networks that perform some of these functions. For example, the sole member of the ankyrin TRP subfamily, TRPA1, co-localizes with NADPH-oxidase 2 (NOX2) and intermediate- and small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (IK and SK, respectively) in the endothelial face of myoendothelial projections. In this complex, NOX2 activity leads to opening of TRPA1 channels, causing a localized influx of Ca2+ that activates nearby IK and SK to hyperpolarize the endothelial cell plasma membrane, leading to dilatation of cerebral pial arteries.2 Vanilloid (V) TRPV4 channels in the renal vasculature are coupled with endothelial nitric oxide synthase and TRPV4 activation causes vasodilation of renal arteries through the generation of nitric …
Case 23-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, John T. Harrington, Mark A. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 72-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of ulcerations of the leg.Twenty-five years previously he underwent an appendectomy, which was complicated by postoperative thrombophlebitis in the left leg. Ten years before admission ulcerations developed on the left leg, accompanied by pain; he recovered after local treatment. He was then well until 12 weeks before entry, when trauma to the left leg was followed by recurrent ulcerations, which were treated with wet and dry dressings in the surgical clinic. The ulcers enlarged, and he entered the hospital.There was a long history . . .
Case 24-1991
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, William F. McNeely, Betty U. McNeely, Aubrey J. Katz, Fiona Graeme-Cook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Presentation of CaseA 16-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of orthostatic weakness and hematochezia.The patient was in excellent health until three days earlier, when he was struck in the right inguinal region by the knee of a friend while wrestling. On the following day he noticed that his stool was dark and was accompanied by the passage of considerable foul-smelling flatus. On the next afternoon the boy felt dizzy while making purchases in a shopping center; he sat down and rested. Later in the day he passed a grossly bloody stool and was brought to this . . .
PTH-023 Comparison between inhaled entonox and intravenous sedation for colonoscopy at a private hospital: Abstract PTH-023 Table 1
Authors: S Gupta, M Balicano, S Cooper, C Mead, A Whitton
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Most private hospitals in the United Kingdom perform colonoscopies under intravenous sedation. We aimed to compare patients who had colonoscopies using Entonox (50:50 mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen) or intravenous sedation in the setting of a private hospital. <h3>Method</h3> Patients undergoing colonoscopy from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014 at Shirley Oaks Hospital, a JAG accredited private healthcare provider, were offered a choice of intravenous sedation or patient activated Entonox inhalation. It was confirmed that there were no contraindications to use of Entonox. All patients had Moviprep (<i>Norgine</i>) as bowel preparation. Pulse oximetry was used for monitoring patients during the procedure. Entonox (<i>BOC Healthcare</i>) was administered through a hand held mouthpiece which was activated by patient breath. They were offered intravenous sedation during the procedure if they were not able to tolerate the discomfort. Statistical analysis was performed using chi square test and t-test. <h3>Results</h3> There were 144 patients who had Entonox (Group A) and 504 patients who had intravenous sedation (Group B). Procedures were performed by 5 experienced colonoscopists in Group A and 7 in Group B. 15 patients (10%) in Group A had to be converted to intravenous sedation. The time to colonoscopy is the time from entry into endoscopy room to the completion of procedure. In Group B, intravenous sedation included a combination of Midazolam in 494 (98%), Pethidine in 432(86%), Fentanyl in 50(10%), Propofol (1). There were no complications in Group A and 1 patient each had a bleed and cardio-respiratory compromise in Group B. No reversal agents were used. Other results are shown in Table 1. <h3>Conclusion</h3> There was statistical significance for higher adenoma detection in the sedation group although there was no difference in the polyp detection rate. More patients having Entonox had moderate discomfort during the procedure while more patients had none/minimal discomfort in sedation group. As expected, time to colonoscopy was more in the sedation group. Larger studies are required to identify the group of patients who may benefit from Entonox in the private sector. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Case 13-2002
Authors: Deborah H. Markowitz, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 43-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hemoptysis and dyspnea.The patient had been well until 28 months earlier, when pain in the right flank and hematuria developed. Cytologic examination of the urine showed malignant tumor cells. An intravenous urographic study revealed a tumor in the right ureter and renal pelvis. A computed tomographic (CT) scan of the abdomen disclosed no evidence of metastatic disease. A right nephroureterectomy was performed, with a finding of grade 3 (poorly differentiated), papillary transitional-cell carcinoma that involved the ureter and renal pelvis; the tumor was classified as stage . . .
ACE Inhibitors — A Cornerstone of the Treatment of Heart Failure
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

For many years digitalis and diuretic agents have been the cornerstones of pharmacologic treatment for patients with heart failure. A potential therapeutic role for vasodilators was first suggested in 1956, when Eichna and coworkers showed that an infusion of the ganglionic blocking agent trimethaphan increased cardiac output and reduced pulmonary-artery wedge pressure in such patients.1 Several years later, the use of intraarterial counterpulsation represented the first step toward deliberately reducing ventricular after-load to alleviate heart failure.2 This intervention was soon followed by the use of intravenous phentolamine3 and then sodium nitroprusside.By 1977, when I was first asked to comment . . .