tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Self-reported adherence with TAS-102
Authors: Kazuo Sugita, Kazuyoshi Kawakami, Takashi Yokokawa, Takahito Sugisaki, Tomomi Takiguchi, Mitsukuni Suenaga, Nobuyuki Mizunuma, Toshiharu Yamaguchi, Toshihiro Hama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
THU0232 Golimumab Therapy Retention Rates in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Seronegative Spondyloarthritis: Data from the Italian Lorhen Registry
Authors: V. Grosso, R. Gorla, P. Sarzi-Puttini, F. Atzeni, R. Pellerito, E. Fusaro, G. Paolazzi, P.A. Rocchetta, E.G. Favalli, A. Marchesoni, R. Caporali
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The efficacy of Golimumab (GLM) treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has been widely documented. In everyday clinical practice, however, many patients discontinue therapy due to adverse events (AE), lack of efficacy or other reasons. [1] <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare first year retention rates of GLM treatment among RA, PsA and AS, using the first one as reference standard, in a multicentric observational cohort (the LORHEN Registry). <h3>Methods</h3> All patients in the LORHEN database who started GLM were included. All patients were treated according to current EULAR recommendations for the management of RA and spondyloarthritis. Drug survival during the first year of treatment was measured, along with specific reasons for discontinuation (inefficacy or adverse events). We compared drug retention rates using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analyses, using RA as reference category, were used to adjust for age, sex, disease duration, number of previous csDMARDs and treatment with low dose prednisone. <h3>Results</h3> One hundred and thirty-four RA patients, 84 PsA patients and 108 AS patients were included. 49 (37%) RA patients, 29 (35%) PsA patients and 22 (20%) AS patients discontinued treatment during the first year. Thirty-six (27%) and 12 (9%) RA patients, 17 (20%) and 11 (13%) PsA patients, 14 (13%) and 7 (6%) AS patients discontinued GLM due to lack of efficacy or AE, respectively.Patients with a diagnosis of AS showed a lower, but not significant, risk of discontinuation, with an adjHR (95%CI) of 0.35 (0.10 – 1.17).Patients treated with low dose prednisone showed a reduced risk of discontinuation with an adjHR (95%CI) of 0.35 (0.14 – 0.86). Age, sex, disease duration and number of previous csDMARDs did not significantly influence the risk of discontinuation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> AS patients seem to have better GLM retentions rates with respect to RA and PsA patients; however this difference is significantly reduced after adjusting for confounders. The significantly lower adjHR observed for low dose prednisone therapy might reflect a beneficial effect even in patients treated with bDMARDs. <h3>References</h3> Scirè CA et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2013;31:857-63. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Virus of Avian Myeloblastosis. XVIII. Fixation of Myeloblasts and Phosphatase Activity of Loci of Virus Synthesis (Viroplasts)&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: David Weinstein, J. R. Sommer, G. S. Beaudreau, Caroline Becker, R. A. Bonar, J. W. Beard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Further work is reported on the phosphatase activity of the intracellular bodies (viroplasts) of myeloblasts from tissue cultures established with the primitive cells from the circulating blood of chickens diseased with avian myeloblastosis virus. Evidence obtained earlier indicated that the viroplasts are the specific sites of the synthesis of myeloblastosis virus, and that the viroplasts may be derived by virus infection of the precursors of granules developing in maturation of the myeloblast normally through the granulocytic series of white blood cells. Previous studies revealed that viroplasts and granules of normal myelocytes exhibited strong activity to dephosphorylate adenosine triphosphate. The present study shows that a parallel reaction occurred with both normal granules and viroplasts when inosine triphosphate was used as substrate in the Wachstein-Meisel procedure. Analogous tests with adenosine and inosine diphosphates gave slightly less pronounced reactions with granules of myelocytes, but those seen with the viroplasts were indistinguishable from results obtained with the triphosphates. Studies with adenylic acid, glucose-6-phosphate, and glycerophosphate, and tests for acid and alkaline phosphatase were entirely negative with both normal granules and viroplasts. Myeloblasts grown in culture medium containing 5-methyl tryptophan developed many large viroplasts concurrent with inhibition of cell growth, and did not lessen the rate of virus liberation by the cells. These viroplasts exhibited typical adenosinetriphosphatase activity. Methods for fixation of myeloblasts were improved by development of a practical sequence of quenching in liquid nitrogen, dehydration in vacuo at low temperatures, and fixation with formaldehyde vapor by which structural artifacts related to subsequent treatment can be controlled.
Letter to the editor: There is a need to consider all respiratory viruses in suspected mumps cases
Authors: S J Shepherd, A R MacLean, C Aitken, R N Gunson
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2015)

Preview this article: Letter to the editor: There is a need to consider all respiratory viruses in suspected mumps cases, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/20/33/art21210-en-1.gif
AB0194 Peripheral Blood Perfusion as Evaluated by Laser Speckle Contrast Analysis in Different Areas of Hands in Primary Raynaud's Phenomenon and Healthy Subjects
Authors: A. Sulli, B. Ruaro, V. Smith, C. Pizzorni, F. Ravera, C. Cariti, M. Cutolo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Laser speckle contrast analysis (LASCA) is a technique to assess blood perfusion in different body areas (1-2). <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate peripheral blood perfusion (BP) by LASCA in different areas of hands in primary Raynaud9s phenomenon (PRP) patients and healthy subjects (CNT), looking for differences between the groups. <h3>Methods</h3> 31 PRP patients (LeRoy criteria) (3) (mean age 48±18 years, mean Raynaud duration 6±2 years) and 51 CNT (mean age 51±16 years) were enrolled, after informed consent. BP was bilaterally assessed by LASCA at the level of fingertips, periungual areas, dorsal and palmar surface of proximal phalanges, dorsum and palm of both hands, and the BP was calculated as perfusion units (PU) (1,2). All subjects stayed in a room at constant temperature (23°C) for 20 minutes before the analysis. PRP subjects discontinued treatment with oral vasodilators, if present, at least seven days before the examination. Statistical analysis was carried out by non parametric tests. <h3>Results</h3> PRP patients showed a statistically significant lower BP than CNT at the level of fingertips (median 86 and 181 PU, respectively, p&lt;0.0001), periungual (median 75 and 142 PU, respectively, p&lt;0.0001), palmar aspect of proximal phalanges (median 71 and 129 PU, respectively, p&lt;0.0001), and palm areas (median 61 and 108 PU, respectively, p&lt;0.0001). On the contrary, the two groups displayed similar BP values at the level of the other areas of hands (dorsum and dorsal phalanges). The gradients of BP fingertip-phalanx-palm and periungual-phalanx-dorsum were significantly lower in PRP patients when compared with CNT (p&lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study demonstrates that blood perfusion is reduced only in selected areas of the hands (where microcirculation is prevalent), sparing dorsal surface of phalanges and dorsum of hands (where macrocirculation is predominant). Therefore, present results are in agreement with the fact that macrocirculation is usually not involved in PRP (4). <h3>References</h3> Ruaro B, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:1181-5. Sulli A, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2014;73:2059-61. LeRoy EC, et al. Clin Exp Rheumatol.1992;10:485-8. Cutolo M et al. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2010;6:578-87. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
CO<sub>2</sub> bubbling-based 'Nanobomb' System for Targetedly Suppressing Panc-1 Pancreatic Tumor via Low Intensity Ultrasound-activated Inertial Cavitation
Authors: Kun Zhang, Huixiong Xu, Hangrong Chen, Xiaoqing Jia, Shuguang Zheng, Xiaojun Cai, Ronghui Wang, Juan Mou, Yuanyi Zheng, Jianlin Shi
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

Noninvasive and targeted physical treatment is still desirable especially for those cancerous patients.Herein, we develop a new physical treatment protocol by employing CO 2 bubbling-based 'nanobomb' system consisting of low-intensity ultrasound (1.0 W/cm 2 ) and a well-constructed pH/temperature dual-responsive CO 2 release system.Depending on the temperature elevation caused by exogenous low-intensity therapeutic ultrasound irradiation and the low pH caused by the endogenous acidic-environment around/within tumor, dual-responsive CO 2 release system can quickly release CO 2 bubbles, and afterwards, the generated CO 2 bubbles waves will timely explode before dissolution due to triggering by therapeutic ultrasound waves.Related bio-effects (e.g., cavitation, mechanical, shock waves, etc) caused by CO 2 bubbles' explosion effectively induce instant necrosis of panc-1 cells and blood vessel destruction within panc-1 tumor, and consequently inhibit the growth of panc-1 solid tumor, simultaneously minimizing the side effects to normal organs.This new physiotherapy employing CO 2 bubbling-based 'nanobomb' system promises significant potentials in targetedly suppressing tumors, especially for those highly deadly cancers.
Intensive Care Medicine.
Authors: H G Lasch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Chapter 13 covers the basic science and clinical topics relating to intensive care which trainees are required to learn as part of their basic training and demonstrate in the MRCP. It begins with an overview, before covering basic principles of critical illness, organ support in multi-organ failure, management of conditions specific to ICU, and withdrawal of therapy, brainstem death, and organ donation.
Ethics, empathy, and gender in health care
Authors: C C Nadelson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The changes that have taken place in medicine over the past few decades have challenged our views about the responsibilities and obligations of those providing health care and about their relationships with their patients. The demands brought by technologic advances and economic concerns have tested our ability to practice humane, empathic, and ethical medicine. This paper addresses the connection between ethics and empathy in the context of our current health care system. The author reviews the concept of empathy and argues that ethical medicine is empathic medicine. Since gender differences in health care needs and disparities in treatment have been identified, gender serves to focus some of the issues and exemplify some concerns about empathic and ethical practice.
Mechanisms of Cell Injury by Activated Oxygen Species
Authors: John L. Farber
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Current evidence suggests that O2 and H2O2 injure cells as a result of the generation of a more potent oxidizing species.In addition to O2 and H2O2 the third essential component of the complex that mediates the lethal cell injury is a cellular source of ferric iron.The hypothesis most consistent with all the available data suggests that O2 reduces a cellular source of ferric to ferrous iron, and the latter then reacts with H2O2 to produce a more potent oxidizing species, like the *OH or an equivalently reactive species.In turn, *OH initiates the peroxidative decomposition of the phospholipids of cellular membranes."OH also damages the inner mitochondrial membrane.Upon mitochondrial deenergization, a sequence of events is initiated that similarly leads to the loss of viability of the cell.DNA represents a third cellular target of *OH.Depending on the cell type, oxidative DNA dam- age can be coupled to cell killing through a mechanism related to the activation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.-
The BCR/ABL Oncogene Alters the Chemotactic Response to Stromal-Derived Factor-1
Authors: Ravi Salgia, Elizabeth Quackenbush, Jeffrey Lin, Natalia Souchkova, Martin Sattler, Darren S. Ewaniuk, Kevin M. Klucher, George Q. Daley, Stine K. Kraeft, Robert Sackstein, Edwin P. Alyea, Ulrich H. von Andrian, Lan Bo Chen, Jose-Carlos Gutierrez-Ramos, Ann-Marie Pendergast, James D. Griffin
Journal: Blood (1999)
Complement as a multifaceted modulator of kidney transplant injury
Authors: Paolo Cravedi, Peter S. Heeger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

In the original article, it was incorrectly stated that "Human CD46 (murine homolog Crry), also known as membrane cofactor protein (MCP), has similar decay-accelerating function, but also exhibits cofactor activity."Human CD46 has only cofactor activity; it does not have decay-accelerating activity.The corrected sentences appear below.
OC-048 Impact of the TLR4 Asp299gly polymorphism on induction of the inflammatory response following<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>infection
Authors: K A Saunders, J C Crockett, S H Berry, E M El-Omar, G L Hold
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism causes immune dysregulation and is associated with unfavourable outcome in <i>H pylori</i> induced gastric cancer. It has been suggested that the polymorphism exerts effects through post-receptor signalling, more readily recruiting TRAM and inducing type I interferon production as opposed to Mal recruitment which activates NF-κB and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. <h3>Methods</h3> Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from individuals with and without the TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism. <i>H pylori</i> LPS was added to the cells and incubated for up to 6 h. RNA was extracted from monocytes and cDNA was synthesised and expression assessed in TLR4 signalling pathway genes. Activation of intermediate signalling steps in the Mal and TRAM pathways were assessed by western blot. <h3>Results</h3> NF-κB gene expression in Asp299Gly polymorphism carriers was elevated after 2–4-h LPS stimulation compared to wildtype individuals. This delayed NF-κB gene expression in carriers of the polymorphism coincided with increased expression of components of the MyD88 independent pathway including IFN-β. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism influences downstream signalling and adaptor protein recruitment following LPS stimulation. Carriers of the polymorphism have increased expression of components of the Tram pathway. It is plausible that during <i>H pylori</i> infection, the TLR4 Asp299Gly polymorphism modulates LPS mediated inflammation which directly impacts on clinical outcome in <i>H pylori</i> infection.
Studies on the Blood Supply of Tumors in Man. IV. The Increased Oxygen Content of Venous Blood Draining Neoplasms&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Howard R. Bierman, Keith H. Kelly, Grace Singer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

Journal Article Studies on the Blood Supply of Tumors in Man. IV. The Increased Oxygen Content of Venous Blood Draining Neoplasms Get access Howard R. Bierman, Howard R. Bierman Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency and the Division of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Keith H. Kelly, Keith H. Kelly Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency and the Division of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Grace Singer Grace Singer Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Federal Security Agency and the Division of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 12, Issue 4, February 1952, Pages 701–707, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/12.4.701 Published: 01 February 1952 Article history Received: 02 August 1951 Published: 01 February 1952
Iron Deficiency in Children
Authors: M Pless, S A Lipton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

In this series of patients the anteroposterior projection provided no useful information.Al- though cervical ribs are only occasionally symptomatic, they are not reliably seen in a lateral film.An anteroposterior film that includes the lung apices may very occasionally show a Pancoast tumour in patients with symptoms in the arms.For patients with neck symptoms alone routine cervical spine radiography could justifiably comprise a lateral projection alone in the first instance.For those with symptoms in the arms or with other reasons for referral further projections are desirable as a routine.
FRI0271 Final Evidence-Based Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Paediatric Vasculitides
Authors: N. De Graeff, N. Groot, S. Kamphuis, T. Avcin, B. Bader-Meunier, P. Dolezalova, I. Kone-Paut, P. Lahdenne, L. McCann, C. Pilkington, A. Ravelli, A. Van Royen, B. Vastert, N. Wulffraat, S. Ozen, P. Brogan, M. Beresford
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> The paediatric vasculitides are a group of rheumatic diseases characterized by blood vessel inflammation. Several vasculitic syndromes can be distinguished based on the size of the involved vessels as well as the specific symptoms. Incidence of these syndromes is low and evidence-based paediatric guidelines are lacking. SHARE (Single Hub and Access point for paediatric Rheumatology in Europe) is a project that aims to develop European evidence-based guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of these and other rare paediatric rheumatic diseases (PRD). <h3>Objectives</h3> To develop evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of paediatric vasculitides, i.e. Kawasaki Disease (KD), Henoch Schönlein Purpura (HSP), Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN), Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA), Eosinophilic granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Takayasu9s Arteritis (TA). <h3>Methods</h3> A systematic review of literature was conducted (results presented at PReS 2014), from which evidence-based recommendations were derived. A European expert committee evaluated these recommendations, both by online surveys and by discussion using the nominal group technique<sup>1</sup> during several in-person consensus meetings in Genoa (Italy, March '14, results presented at PReS 2014), Utrecht (the Netherlands, January '15) and Barcelona (Spain, March '15). Recommendations were accepted for the final guidelines if more than 80% agreement was reached. <h3>Results</h3> Evidence from literature and expert opinion led to the formulation of recommendations for the different paediatric vasculitides. Adding to the 44 statements accepted with more than 80% consensus in Genoa, an additional 78 statements were accepted in Utrecht. Included statements ranged across different topics, including criteria for diagnosis, referral indications, clinical and laboratory parameters, imaging and treatment of the different vasculitic syndromes. Statements for discussion in Barcelona will focus on general and interdisciplinary aspects of care for children with vasculitis and other PRDs. <h3>Conclusions</h3> SHARE aims to provide minimal standards of care for PRD. We present the final recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of paediatric vasculitides. These recommendations will contribute to a more uniform and evidence-based foundation for diagnosis and treatment of KD, HSP, PAN, GPA, EGPA and TA in children. <h3>References</h3> Harvey N, Holmes CA. Nominal group technique: an effective method for obtaining group consensus. Int J Nurs Pract. 2012; 18:188-94 <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> This project is supported by a grant from European Agency for Health and Consumers (EAHC), grant number 2011 1202. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
FRI0267 Clinical and Economical Burden of Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) in the US
Authors: K. Raimundo, A. Farr, G. Kim, G. Duna
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), an ANCA-related vasculitis, is a severe condition that can result in organ damage and death. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective was to describe the clinical and economic burden of patients with GPA in the US. <h3>Methods</h3> A retrospective claims-based cohort study was conducted using MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases in the period of 2009-2013. Inclusion criteria were: ≥2 claims with an ICD-9-CM diagnosis code for GPA (446.4), with date of first claim defined as index date; ≥18 years old at index date; and continuous enrollment for 12 months after index date. Incident cases were defined as patients with 12 months of continuous enrollment prior to index date with no diagnosis code for GPA. Major relapse-related events were defined via input from a clinical expert. Patient characteristics, all-cause and GPA-specific healthcare resource use and costs (inflated to US$ 2013) were reported. Descriptive analyses of all outcomes were stratified by incident and prevalent GPA cases. <h3>Results</h3> 2784 patients met the study criteria (2215 prevalent cases, 569 incident cases). Mean age was 56.4 years, study population was 54% female, and post-index Charlson Comorbidity Index was 1.6. The most common physician specialty on the index date for GPA patients was primary care (26%), followed by rheumatology (24%). The most common post-index relapse-related diagnosis was acute or chronic renal failure (31%), followed by lung disease (8%). 12% of patients had at least one major relapse-related event in the post-index period. 25% of the patients had ≥1 hospitalization for any cause in the post-index period (22% GPA-related hospitalization). Among patients with ≥1 hospitalization, the mean number of inpatient admissions was 1.8 (1.7 GPA-related inpatient admissions). 32% of patients had ≥1 emergency room visit (7% GPA-related emergency room visits), and all patients had an outpatient visit or service (Figure). Mean total all-cause annual cost was $41,400. Mean total GPA-related annual cost was $24,319. On average, 58.7% of all–cause costs per GPA patient was associated with GPA. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In the US, GPA is associated with significant healthcare resource use and is an important driver of cost of care. Reducing the risk of relapse can contribute to the decrease the clinical burden and total healthcare costs for this population. Future studies are needed to explore whether similar trends are seen in other countries. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> K. Raimundo Employee of: Genentech, Inc., A. Farr Employee of: Truven Health Analytics which performs consulting work for pharmaceutical companies, including Genentech, Inc., G. Kim Employee of: Truven Health Analytics which performs consulting work for pharmaceutical companies, including Genentech, Inc., G. Duna Employee of: Genentech, Inc.