tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0141 Rebamipide attenuates pain severity and cartilage degeneration in a rat model of osteoarthritis by downregulating oxidative damage and catabolic activity in chondrocytes
Authors: S.-J. Moon, S.-H. Park, H.-Y. Kim, J.-K. Min
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by the progressive loss of cartilage and pain. The development and progression of OA are believed to involve inflammation. Many studies have shown that OA is associated with oxidative stress. Rebamipide is a gastroprotective agent used for the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer. Substantial research shows that rebamipide acts as an oxygen radical scavenger and exhibits an anti-inflammatory property. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objectives were to investigate the in vivo effects of treatment with rebamipide on pain severity and cartilage degeneration in an experimental model of rat OA and to explore its mode of action. <h3>Methods</h3> OA was induced in rats by intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the knee. Rebamipide was administered orally every day after the MIA injection. Limb nociception was assessed by measuring the paw withdrawal latency and the paw withdrawal threshold. We analyzed the samples macroscopically and histomorphologically,and used immunohistochemistry to investigate the expression ofmatrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13), interleukin-1b (IL-1b), hypoxia-inducible factor-2a (HIF-2a), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitrotyrosine in knee joints. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to quantify the mRNA for catabolic and anticatabolic factors in human OA chondrocytes. <h3>Results</h3> Rebamipide showed an antinociceptive property and attenuated cartilage degeneration. Rebamipide reduced the expression of MMP-13, IL-1b, HIF-2a,iNOS, and nitrotyrosine in OA cartilage in a dose-dependent manner. Nitrotyrosine expression in the subchondral bone region was decreased in the rebamipide-treated joints. mRNA expression of MMP-1, -3, and -13, and ADAMTS5 was attenuated in IL-1b-stimulated human OA chondrocytes. By contrast, rebamipide induced the mRNA expression of tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 and -3. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results show the inhibitory effects of rebamipide on pain production and cartilage degeneration in experimentally induced OA. The suppression of oxidative damage and the restoration of extracellular matrix homeostasis of articular chondrocyte suggest that rebamipide is a potential therapeutic strategy for OA. <h3>References</h3> Kurimoto C, et al. Thioredoxin may exert a protective effect against tissue damage caused by oxidative stress in salivary glands of patients with Sjogren's syndrome. J Rheumatol 2007;34:2035-43. Scott JL, et al. Superoxide dismutase downregulation in osteoarthritis progression and end-stage disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2010;69:1502-10. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 5009: Stem cells and their signals during skin tumor regression.
Authors: Giovanni Zito, Ichiko Saotome, Valentina Greco
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Basic mechanisms of tissue development and regeneration are often hijacked during Cancer. A subset of skin squamous cell carcinoma is known to be able to spontaneously self-regress. These tumors are commonly referred as Keratoacanthoma and thought to arise from the skin hair follicle. Because skin hair follicles undergo continuous growth and regression, we hypothesized that the molecular mechanisms that regulate hair follicle regression drive Keratoacanthoma self-regression. In order to test this hypothesis we ask 1) what is the cellular origin of Keratoacanthoma, 2) and what signaling mechanisms are responsible for Keratoacanthoma self-regression. First, in order to understand the cellular origin of Keratoacanthoma, we utilize a genetic lineage tracing approach in combination with a DMBA-based chemical carcinogenesis protocol that recapitulates human Keratoacanthoma growth and self-regression in mice. Given that the location and identity of hair follicle stem cells has been identified, we utilize a spatially restricted Tamoxifen inducible CreER mouse line that specifically label hair follicle stem cells and their descendants (K19CreER;GFPr). By these means, we found that GFP labeled cells are observed within Keratoacanthoma tumors, thus suggesting that hair follicle stem cells contribute to the development of the self-regressing Keratoacanthoma tumors. Second, in order to identify the molecular mechanisms that drive Keratoacanthoma self-regression, we use a parallel approach of both human and mouse transcriptional analysis of Keratoacanthoma during either growth or regression. By focusing on signaling pathways that regulate hair follicle regression, we found that Wnt signaling is switched off during Keratoacanthoma self regression in both human and mouse Keratoacanthomas by immunofluorescence and real time PCR approaches. We are currently testing 1) whether Wnt is sufficient and/or required for Keratoacanthoma regression behavior and 2) what is upstream of Wnt down-regulation during the regression phase by genetic and sequencing approaches. The identification of the cells and signals that regulate Keratoacanthoma tumor growth and regression will provide key clues on the relevant cell populations and signaling that will likely be proper targets in other tumors beyond Keratoacanthomas, and allow for the design of treatment strategies that exploit stem cell regression pathways to switch off stem cell populations in cancerous tissues. Acknowledgements: New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant (GZ) and ACS grant #121966-RSG-12-059-01-DDC (VG). Citation Format: Giovanni Zito, Ichiko Saotome, Valentina Greco. Stem cells and their signals during skin tumor regression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5009. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5009
Surgeons' college launches campaign to save research
Authors: K. Burke
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The Royal College of Surgeons of England is launching a campaign to save surgical research after learning that up to one in five university chairs of surgery across the United Kingdom are currently vacant.

The college is calling for research councils to view grant applications from surgeons more favourably and to put money aside specifically for fellowships for the profession. The government should also provide more funding to university departments of surgery instead of giving the lion's share of money to the more fashionable area of biomedical sciences, the college says.

According to college estimates, at …
Endoscopic removal of localized gastric amyloidosis
Authors: T. Ebato, T. Yamamoto, K. Abe, T. Ishii, Y. Kuyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular accumulation of fibrillar proteins, which commonly shows systemic involvement. Localized amyloidosis is rare, especially regarding the stomach. The lesion may cause paresis, constipation, and bleeding [1] [2] [3]. We saw a case of gastric localized amyloidosis with bleeding, in which endoscopic resection was successfully done as a treatment for anemia.
ASSOCIATION OF THE AMOUNT OF MYOCARDIUM SUBTENDED BY A CORONARY STENOSIS WITH FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE
Authors: Teruyoshi Uetani, Kazuhisa Nishimura, Chiharuko Iio, Hiroshi Kawakami, Fumiyasu Seike, Haruhiko Higashi, Tamami Kono, Takayuki Nagai, Katsuji Inoue, Jun Suzuki, Teruhito Kido, Akira Kurata, Teruhito Mochizuki, Jitsuo Higaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage for pancreatic pseudocyst: experience in 8 patients
Authors: Hara Seiichi
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Pancreatic pseudocysts are a common complication of an acute pancreatitis, an exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic trauma. The endoscopic transgastric or transduodenal approach is a current alternative to a surgical procedure if transpapillary drainage is not possible. Specially, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided drainage has recently been considered to be safe and effective technique.
Abstract 1369: Mouse models of clinical oligo- and poly-metastatic progression
Authors: Qingbei Zhang, Xinan Yang, Jikun Shen, Joseph K. Salama, Nikolai Khodarev, Michael D. Hasselle, Yong Huang, Hanli Fan, Sajid A. Khan, Thomas E. Darga, Robert M. Hoffma, Steve Chmura, Yves A. Lussier1, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Ralph R. Weichselbaum, Rosie Hongmei Xing
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We previously proposed a metastatic state defined by a limited number of metastases, termed oligometastasis(es). These limited metastases may be cured by metastasis-directed treatments in contrast to widespread metastatic disease. While many animal models of polymetastases exist, an oligometastasis(es) model is lacking. Here, we report the first mouse xenograft model of oligometastasis(es) employing the MDA-MB-435 human tumor that maintains a stable oligometastatic phenotype in vivo. We also developed an MDA-MB-435 polymetastatic progression model in which the pattern of dissemination induced poly-foci in the lung, or to multiple anatomic sites including lung, heart, muscle, pleura, bone and peritoneal cavity. We performed microRNA expression profiling from distinct lung metastases of oligometastatic and polymetastatic animals. MicroRNA expression distinguished oligometastatic cell lines from those of polymetastatic, and accurately identified oligometastatic patients from a prior clinical study who failed to develop widespread metastases (p=0.005). These findings form the basis for investigating mechanisms underlying the specific metastatic pattern of individual cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1369. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1369
Nabothian Cyst a Predominant Cause of False-Positive Iodine Uptake in Uterus
Authors: Takuro Isoda, Shingo BaBa, Yasuhiro Maruoka, Yoshiyuki Kitamura, Akihiro Nishie, Masayuki Sasaki, Hiroshi Honda
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

Many cases of unexpected radioiodine uptake have been reported, including physiological uptake in healthy tissue and in both benign and malignant nonthyroidal lesions. However, iodine uptake in the uterus has not been well assessed. In this article, we systemically analyzed iodine uptake in the uterus and identified the site in which uptake occurred.Seventy-six female patients who underwent SPECT/CT from neck to pelvis were included in this study; 5 patients with uterine uptake received pelvic MRI. Iodine uptake in the uterus was diagnosed with SPECT/CT and compared with the findings of the MRI. Serum TSH level, administered dose of iodine-131 and number of radioiodine therapies were compared between the 2 groups with and without iodine uptake in the uterus.Twenty (26.3%) of 76 patients showed iodine uptake in the uterine cervix on SPECT/CT. It was difficult to distinguish the uptake in the uterus from that in the urinary bladder or rectum using only planar images. The patients with the uterine uptake were younger than those without (median age, 46.5 vs. 62, P = 0.011). There were no significant differences in serum TSH level, administered dose of iodine-131, or number of radioiodine therapies between the 2 groups. In all instances of the 5 patients who underwent pelvic MRI, iodine uptake in the uteri was located in nabothian cysts.Iodine uptake in the uterus is frequently found if pelvic SPECT/CT is performed. Nabothian cysts are a predominant cause of iodine uptake in the uterine cervix.
THU0508 Sparing Methotrexate Results in a Less Stringent Control of Plasma Cell and Immunoglobulin Free Light Chain Production in Seropositive Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Table 1.
Authors: U. Saunders, T. Fassbinder, H. Becker, E. Jung, E. Mickholz, P. Willeke, B. Schlüter, A.M. Jacobi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Clinical trials revealed that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) blockade is more effective if administered with concomitant methotrexate (MTX). <h3>Objectives</h3> Based on an observation made when studying B cell subsets in patients with seropositive (sp) rheumatoid arthritis (RA) this study aimed to investigate the influence of MTX on late stages of B cell development. <h3>Methods</h3> Peripheral blood samples of 78 spRA patients divided into four treatment groups (MTX: n=23, TNF-α-inhibitor: n=23, MTX/TNF-α-inhibitor: n=17 and patients without MTX/TNF-α-inhibitor: n=15) were obtained and lymphocyte cell subsets were analyzed by multiparameter flow cytometry. To investigate the effect of MTX on B cell proliferation and differentiation cell culture assays were performed. <h3>Results</h3> SpRA patients treated with MTX as monotherapy or in combination with TNF blockade exhibited significant lower frequencies and numbers of CD27<sup>++</sup>CD38<sup>++</sup> plasmablasts (PB)/plasma cells and a lower serum concentration of free light chains (FLC) compared to patients on anti-TNF-α monotherapy (Table 1). MTX had no effect on <i>in vitro</i> proliferation, differentiation, and survival of purified B cells, but patients taking MTX showed significantly lower numbers of CD4<sup>+</sup>CD45RO<sup>+</sup> memory (288 (117-876); p&lt;0.01) and CD4<sup>+</sup>CD44<sup>+</sup>CD62L<sup>low</sup> effector T cells (79 (11-315); p&lt;0.05) compared to patients not on MTX (450 (101-1916); 123 (30-629), respectively). Memory (r<sub>s</sub>=0.3, p&lt;0.001) and effector (r<sub>s</sub>=0.33, p&lt;0.005) CD4<sup>+</sup> T cell numbers correlated significantly with PB counts, as did FLC (r<sub>s</sub>=0.37, p&lt;0.001) and MCV (r<sub>s</sub>=0.46, p&lt;0.001) but not CCP antibody levels. Although there was no significant correlation of PB and the disease activity (DAS28), soluble surrogate markers of B cell activation as serum MCV (r<sub>s</sub>=0.501, p&lt;0.0002) and CCP (r<sub>s</sub>=0.296, p&lt;0.03) antibody and FLC levels (r<sub>s</sub>=0.35, p&lt;0.005) showed a significant correlation with DAS28. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Adding to the beneficial effect of TNF-α inhibitors, MTX seems to affect late stages of B cell activation and differentiation in spRA. It does not act directly as we recently described for mycophenolic acid. For MTX we postulate an indirect mechanism of action for instance by influencing the activation and differentiation of T helper cells. The findings argue for concomitant use of MTX with TNF-α inhibitors to increase therapeutic efficacy. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> : None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2207
Neurosurgical Alleviation of Intention Tremor of Multiple Sclerosis and Cerebellar Disease
Authors: Irving S. Cooper
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

IT is the purpose of this report to summarize an investigation into the effects of thalamic surgery on incapacitating intention tremor. During the course of an experience with basal-ganglion operations for the resting tremor and rigidity of Parkinson's disease it was observed that in some of the more severe cases both intention tremor and resting tremor were present and that both types of tremor were relieved by chemothalamectomy.1 Furthermore, a similar thalamic lesion is capable of relieving the posturally induced movement disorders of dystonia.2 It was therefore decided to select several cases of severe intention tremor (appearing only during voluntary . . .
IMPACT OF LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE EXCLUSION ON SYSTEMIC HOMEOSTASIS (THE LAA HOMEOSTASIS STUDY)
Authors: Dhanunjaya R. Lakkireddy, Donita Atkins, Johnson Rajasingh, Muhammad Afzal, Madhu Reddy, Matthew Earnest, Arun Kanmanthareddy, Sudharani Bommana, Jayant Nath, Ryan Ferrell, Steven Bormann, Melissa Jaeger, Randall Lee, Krysztof Bartus, Kay Ryshon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
PREVALENCE OF SILENT MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA ON AMBULATORY MONITORING IN WOMEN WITH CORONARY MICROVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION
Authors: Navid Darouian, Shilpa Agrawal, Janet Wei, Michael D. Nelson, Peter van Dam, Michael Laks, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Puja K. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
An autochthonous case of Zika due to possible sexual transmission, Florence, Italy, 2014
Authors: Giulietta Venturi, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Claudia Fortuna, Maria Elena Remoli, Eleonora Benedetti, Cristiano Fiorentini, Michele Trotta, Caterina Rizzo, Antonia Mantella, Giovanni Rezza, Alessandro Bartoloni
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

We report a case of Zika virus infection imported in Florence, Italy ex-Thailand, leading to a secondary autochthonous case, probably through sexual transmission. The two cases occurred in May 2014 but were retrospectively diagnosed in 2016 on the basis of serological tests (plaque reduction neutralisation) performed on stored serum samples. Our report provides further evidence that sexual transmission of Zika virus is possible.
TEMPORAL TRENDS AND COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER LIMB REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS ON DIALYSIS
Authors: Pranav Sandilya Garimella, Poojitha Balakrishnan, Narender Annapureddy, Achint Patel, Shanti Patel, Shiv Kumar Agarwal, Girish Nadkarni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Bacteriologic Analysis of Infected Dog and Cat Bites
Authors: David A. Talan, Diane M. Citron, Fredrick M. Abrahamian, Gregory J. Moran, Ellie J.C. Goldstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To define better the bacteria responsible for infections of dog and cat bites, we conducted a prospective study at 18 emergency departments. To be eligible for enrollment, patients had to meet one of three major criteria for infection of a bite wound (fever, abscess, and lymphangitis) or four of five minor criteria (wound-associated erythema, tenderness at the wound site, swelling at the site, purulent drainage, and leukocytosis). Wound specimens were cultured for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria at a research microbiology laboratory and, in some cases, at local hospital laboratories.
Abstract 3889: Substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as water soluble microtubule targeting agents
Authors: Aleem Gangjee, Lu Lin, Susan L. Mooberry, Ernest Hamel
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Microtubules play critical roles in cell functions, and microtubule targeting agents have been successfully developed as anti-cancer drugs. Based on the binding sites, microtubule targeting agents are divided into three broad classes: vinca alkaloid, taxane and colchicine site binders. Vinca alkaloids and taxanes, represented by vinorelbine and paclitaxel, respectively, have been widely used in cancer chemotherapy. However, drug resistance associated with over-expression of Pgp or αIII-tubulin has greatly reduced the therapeutic value of these drugs (e.g., paclitaxel is over 800-fold less active against Pgp over-expressing cancer cells). Another persistent issue with vinca alkaloids and taxanes is their poor water solubility. Administration of paclitaxel needs to be performed by trained personnel with special reagents and equipment. Colchicine site binders, such as colchicine or combretastatin A-4 (CA4), have not received clinical approval for wide use in the treatment of cancer. Novel water soluble colchicine site binding agents are potentially valuable alternatives for use alone or in combination with existing microtubule targeting drugs, especially in overcoming drug resistance. We previously reported a series of substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine compounds as water soluble, colchicine site binding agents. One of the highly active compounds has shown sub-micromolar to nanomolar inhibitory activities against the NCI-60 panel cell lines. The same compound exhibits enhanced or equal inhibition against Pgp and αIII-tubulin over-expressing cell lines. In a continuing effort to find new agents with these properties, 2,4-disubstituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogs AG114 - AG119 and AG477A were designed and synthesized. Among the analogs tested, AG477A showed an IC50 of 10 ± 0.7 μM in inhibiting tubulin assembly. In drug resistance assays, AG477A showed sub-micromolar inhibitory activity (IC50) against the Pgp over-expressing cell line NCI/ADR-RES (0.89 ± 0.3 μM), as compared with the parental OVCAR-8 cell line (1.2 μM). In addition, AG477A is readily converted to a highly water soluble hydrochloride salt, which marks a significant advantage over existing microtubule targeting agents in clinical use. Structure activity studies show a requirement for the 4-position N-methyl-4-methoxyaniline moiety for antitubulin effects. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3889. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3889
SIGNIFICANCE OF MICRO-VESSELS WITHIN ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY PLAQUES: A STUDY WITH MULTIPLE INTRAVASCULAR IMAGING MODALITIES
Authors: Toshihiko Nishida, Takafumi Hiro, Tadateru Takayama, Mitsumasa Sudo, Yoshiharu Higuchi, Atsushi Hirayama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Case 37-2002
Authors: Stanley W. Ashley, Gregory Y. Lauwers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Presentation of CaseA 69-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of painful cutaneous nodules, elevated lipase levels, and abnormal results on abdominal scanning.The patient had been in stable health until 15 weeks earlier, when pain developed in his feet. Two weeks later, articular examination showed firm, nonpitting edema of both ankles and pain on compression of the pedal arches bilaterally. The urine was trace-positive for glucose. The results of laboratory tests are shown in Table 1. The levels of uric acid, total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase were normal. The pattern on serum protein immunoelectrophoresis . . .