tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4579: Endogenous Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) Protects Against Apoptosis of Ischemic Human Astrocytes in an Autocrine Fashion
Authors: Chisato Katoh, Hirofumi Tomita, Norifumi Metoki, Genta Saitoh, Tomohiro Osanai, Okumura Ken
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is increased in the acute phase of human stroke, but its source and function are unclear. Recently, we showed that the BNP level was higher in atherothrombotic cerebral infarction (69.1±9.4 pg/ml) than in control subjects (31.1±5.4 pg/ml), and that the BNP level in ischemic stroke was positively correlated with the NIH Stroke Scale (r=0.41, p&lt;0.05) and infarct volume (r=0.34, p&lt;0.05). Astrocytes provide metabolic and trophic support to neurons and modulate synaptic activities. At the early stage of brain ischemia, astrocytes are swollen, and their damage may compromise postischemic neuronal survival. We tested the hypothesis that human astrocytes produce BNP under hypoxia, and this endogenous BNP protects against apoptosis in an autocrine fashion. The human astrocyte cell line, U373MG, was exposed to hypoxia (O 2 ≤1%) for 24 hours. The ratio of BNP to GAPDH mRNA was increased by 7.7±.0 fold after 12-hour hypoxia and further increased by 8.6±1.6 fold after 24-hour hypoxia compared with that in 3-hour normoxia (both, p&lt;0.01). The protein expression assessed by Western blot was increased by 2.0±0.4 fold at 24 hours (n=5, p&lt;0.05). Tyrosine phosphorylation of c-Src was observed by 2.0±0.2-fold increase at 30 minutes. These responses to hypoxia were all blocked by pretreatment with PP1 at 50μM, an inhibitor of c-Src. Apoptosis was measured by detecting caspase activation by flow cytometry, and it was increased by 2.5±0.1 fold after 24-hour hypoxia compared with that in normoxia. To investigate the role of up-regulated BNP in apoptosis, we performed the loss of function test by transfecting a specific siRNA for NPPB that suppressed BNP by more than 80%. The activity of caspases in the BNP knockdown cells was increased by 3.2±0.2 fold after 24-hour hypoxia compared with that in normoxia (n=5, p&lt;0.001), and it was greater than that in the cells transfected with non-targeting siRNA. These results indicate that hypoxia increases BNP gene expression through the c-Src-dependent signaling cascade in the human astrocytes. Endogenous BNP shows brain protection via the anti-apoptotic effect. BNP may be useful in the treatment of ischemic brain diseases.
Intracellular Localization of “Hematoporphyrin” in a Transplanted Tumor&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: James Winkelman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

The intracellular localization of porphyrin taken up by a transplanted rat tumor has been studied. Quantitative determination of the porphyrin concentrations in the subcellular fractions and direct observation by fluorescence microscopy indicate that porphyrin accumulates in the soluble fraction and not in the cell wall, nucleus, mitochondrial, or microsomal particles. There is suggestive evidence that selective uptake by the soluble fraction is due to a specific constituent to which the porphyrin is bound.
External validation of clinical prediction models using big datasets from e-health records or IPD meta-analysis: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Richard D Riley, Joie Ensor, Kym I E Snell, Thomas P A Debray, Doug G Altman, Karel G M Moons, Gary S Collins
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Access to big datasets from e-health records and individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis is signalling a new advent of external validation studies for clinical prediction models. In this article, the authors illustrate novel opportunities for external validation in big, combined datasets, while drawing attention to methodological challenges and reporting issues.
The Gold Standard for Current Cancer Treatment
Authors: Brian Klepper
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
PD3-2-5: Preoperative gefitinib in clinical stage I NSCLC
Authors: Humberto Lara-Guerra, Natasha Leighl, Alexandra Salvarrey, Akira Sakurada, Narinder S. Paul, Scott Boerner, Greg R. Pond, Frances A. Shepherd, Ming S. Tsao, Thomas K. Waddell
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
The place of radiation therapy in the cure of patients with ovarian cancer.
Authors: R S Bush
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.897 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 4020405 The place of radiation therapy in the cure of patients with ovarian cancer. R S BushxR S BushSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.7.897 PDF "The place of radiation therapy in the cure of patients with ovarian cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(7), pp. 897–898© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Samia Mora, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Clinical decision making regarding the appropriate use of aspirin for the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events is complex, and requires an individualized benefit to risk assessment.To review advances in the individualized assessment for ASCVD and bleeding risk, and to provide an update of the randomized clinical trial evidence that examined the use of aspirin for primary prevention (primarily for ASCVD, and secondarily for colorectal cancer). The recently released 2016 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations are discussed, as well as the role of ASCVD risk, age, sex, and aspirin dose/formulation in clinical decision making.We performed a detailed review of peer-reviewed publications that were identified through searches of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database through 2016 using the literature search terms "aspirin," "primary prevention," "cardiovascular disease," "mortality," "cancer." Bibliographies from these references as well as meta-analyses of these randomized clinical trials were also reviewed.Evidence from a total of 11 trials involving more than 118 000 patients is available to guide clinical decision making for aspirin use in the primary prevention of ASCVD. Clinicians should balance the benefit to risk ratio and the individual's preferences, calculating the 10-year ASCVD risk and evaluating risk factors for gastrointestinal bleeding, to facilitate a safer and more personalized approach to appropriate selection of candidates for low-dose aspirin (75 to 81 mg/d) for the primary prevention of ASCVD, with secondary considerations for reducing colorectal cancer risk when taken for longer periods (>10 years). Both the net ASCVD benefit and the bleeding risk of aspirin therapy increased as the absolute ASCVD risk increased, but the net benefits generally exceeded the risks at higher baseline ASCVD risk (≥10% ASCVD 10-year risk). The Aspirin-Guide is a clinical decision making support tool (app for mobile devices) with internal risk calculators to help clinicians with this dual assessment by calculating the ASCVD risk and the bleeding risk in the individual patient, and incorporating age- and sex-specific guidance based on randomized trial results.Balancing the benefit of ASCVD reduction with the risk of bleeding from low-dose aspirin is difficult but essential for informed decision making and achieving a net clinical benefit from aspirin for primary prevention. This is facilitated by a free and readily available evidence-based clinical decision support tool.
FDA Extends Authority to e-Cigarettes: Implications for Smoking Cessation?
Authors: Jennifer Abbasi
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Advances in the Care of Adult Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Optimism Tempered by Reality
Authors: Joseph C. Alvarnas, Patrick A. Brown
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2016)

Joseph C. Alvarnas, MD, is Director of Value Based Analytics and Associate Professor in the Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center. Dr. Alvarnas earned his medical degree from the University of California, San Francisco. His postgraduate training included a residency in internal medicine and fellowships in hematology and bone marrow transplantation at Stanford University Medical Center. Dr. Alvarnas is the Co-Chair of the NCCN Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Panel. He serves as the chair of the American Society of Hematology committee on practice. He has previously served as a member of the National Quality Forum cancer endorsement maintenance steering committee. He is the current Editor-in-Chief for Evidence-Based Oncology. Advances in the Care of Adult Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Optimism Tempered by Reality
Low-Dose Aspirin in the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Samia Mora, Jeffrey M. Ames, JoAnn E. Manson
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
<i>The Bright Side</i>
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Biologically and mechanically driven design of an RGD-mimetic macroporous foam for adipose tissue engineering applications
Authors: Eleonora Rossi, Irini Gerges, Alessandro Tocchio, Margherita Tamplenizza, Paola Aprile, Camilla Recordati, Federico Martello, Ivan Martin, Paolo Milani, Cristina Lenardi
Journal: Biomaterials (2016)
Weight gain after adjuvant TAC (docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide) chemotherapy for node-positive breast cancer
Authors: Y. Suh, S. Oh, B. Song, S. Jung
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e11552 Background: Despite of its proven therapeutic efficacy, TAC (docetaxel, Doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide) regimen as an adjuvant chemotherapy has some serious adverse effects such as fluid retention and neutropenia. Even though dexamethasone is known to be given for three days to the patients having TAC chemotherapy to prevent severe fluid retention, most patients have ironically been complaining of much weight gain more than 15% increase after the use of dexamethasone. We tried to determine abbreviated use of dexamethasone is better to decrease the extent of weight gain after TAC chemotherapy. Methods: Eighty node-positive patients between Jan. 2006 and Oct. 2007 were randomly assigned either into 24-hr (group A: 10 mg dexamethasone the night before TAC, and 10 mg dexamethasone (bid) were given for the day 1) or 72-hr dexamethasone premedication (group B) only after getting informed consent since all the protocols were reviewed by IRB. We compared the incidence of severe weight gain (more than 15%) on completion of six cycles in two groups. No patient was found to have heart or kidney problem before the commencement of chemotherapy. Results: Each group was comprised of 40 patients. All patients underwent 6 cycles. Mean age of each group was 48.5 (A) and 50.3 (B) years. The incidence of severe weight gain was 47.3 % in Group A, and 78.4 % in Group B. There was no difference in the duration of recovering from weight gain in both groups (A: 6.52 months vs. B: 7.02 months). No other hematologic complications seemed different between two groups. Conclusions: Though larger scale prosepctive randomized trials should be required to get the definitive conclusion on this matter, we think that current dexamethasone premedication may aggravate weight gain than to prevent it. If shorter schedule is as much effective as longer one, abbreviated and reduced dexamethasone premedication is more helpful for patients having TAC chemotherapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association of PD-L1 expression in melanoma with response and prognosis to ipilimumab.
Authors: Caroline Brueggemann, Benjamin Weide, Simone M. Goldinger, Andreas Konrad, Michael Erdmann, Dirk Schadendorf, Roland S. Croner, Lukas Kraehenbuehl, Katharina C. Kaehler, Christian Hafner, Waltraud Leisgang, Franklin Kiesewetter, Reinhard Dummer, Gerold Schuler, Michael Stürzl, Lucie Heinzerling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

9044 Background: Immunotherapy with ipilimumab demonstrated a statistically significant survival benefit. In two large phase III trials responses were observed in 10-15% of patients. However, 64% of patients exhibited significant and 20% of the patients severe grade 3 and 4 side effects. Identifying predictive biomarker profiles could enable better treatment allocation. Methods: In this multicenter study 176 tumor samples from 125 patients with metastatic melanoma were analyzed for PD-L1 gene expression, thereof 78 patients had received ipilimumab (30 responders and 48 non-responders). mRNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue by a fully automated method and measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Differences of survival and PD-L1 expression between patient groups were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test, the logrank test and the Kaplan-Meier technique. Results: Patients with low PD-L1 expression showed a significantly better survival than those with high expression of PD-L1 (p = 0.002) not considering the subsequent therapy. No statistical difference in PD-L1 expression between responders (n = 30) and non-responders (n = 48; p = 0.458) to ipilimumab was observed. Conclusions: Our results suggest that PD-L1 expression is not predictive for response to therapy with ipilimumab but is a positive prognostic marker for survival of melanoma patients.
Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies of Disruptive Behavior Disorders
Authors: Analucia A. Alegria, Joaquim Radua, Katya Rubia
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2016)

Objective: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies in conduct disorder and in oppositional defiant disorder have shown inconsistencies. The aim of this meta-analysis of fMRI studies in disruptive behavior disorders was to establish the most consistent brain dysfunctions and to address task- and subtype-related heterogeneity. Method: Web-based publication databases were searched to conduct a meta-analysis of all whole-brain fMRI studies of youths with disruptive behavior disorder or conduct problems up to August 2015. Sub-meta-analyses were conducted in functional subdomains of emotion processing; in cool and hot executive functions, which refer to goal-directed higher cognitive functions with and without motivational and affective significance; and in a subgroup of youths with additional psychopathic traits. The authors performed a meta-analysis of voxel-based group differences in functional activation using the anisotropic effect-size version of seed-based d mapping. Results: Across 24 studies, 338 youths with disruptive behavior disorder or conduct problems relative to 298 typically developing youths had consistent underactivation in the rostral and dorsal anterior cingulate and in the medial prefrontal cortex and ventral caudate. Sub-meta-analyses of fMRI studies showed that medial fronto-cingulate dysfunction was driven by hot executive function. The sub-meta-analysis of emotion processing fMRI studies showed the most consistent underactivation in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporal pole, while cool executive functions were associated with temporal abnormalities. Youths with disruptive behavior disorder with psychopathic traits showed reduced ventromedial prefrontal-hypothalamic-limbic activation, but they also showed hyperactivation in cognitive control mediating dorsolateral prefrontal-dorsal and striatal regions. Conclusions: The findings show that the most consistent dysfunction in youths with disruptive behavior disorder is in the rostro-dorsomedial, fronto-cingulate, and ventral-striatal regions that mediate reward-based decision making, which is typically compromised in the disorder. Youths with psychopathic traits, on the other hand, have dysfunctions associated with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and limbic system, together with dorsal and fronto-striatal hyperfunctioning, which may reflect poor affect reactivity and empathy in the presence of hyperactive executive control. These findings provide potential targets for neurotherapeutic and pharmacological interventions.
&lt;italic&gt;Brief Communication:&lt;/italic&gt; Atypical C Particles in Adenocarcinomas Induced by Implantation of FUKU Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M J Yagi, S T Hamamoto, J G Duafala, D R Pitelka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Tumors induced in isogeneic mice by the murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-producing mammary tumor cell line FUKU were rapidly growing, invasive type-B adenocarcinomas. Electron microscopic examination of the tumors revealed intra.:ytoplasmic A particles; budding, immature, and a few mature C particles; and rare mature B particles. Most budding and immature particles had surface spikes typical of mammary tumor virus B particles, despite the infrequency of mature forms. Most mature virions were atypical, with nucleoids characteristic of mature MuLV C particles and with B-particle surface spikes.