tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and HER2 expressions on outcomes of patients with gastric cancer
Authors: J. Matsubara, Y. Yamada, Y. Hirashima, D. Takahari, N. Tsuda, K. Kato, T. Hamaguchi, K. Shirao, Y. Shimada, T. Shimoda
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4539 Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and HER2 expressions have been reported to correlate with clinical outcomes in several solid tumors. However, the clinical significance of these biomarkers in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Detailed exploratory evaluations are required to better understand their clinical implications. Methods: The study group comprised 87 patients who underwent gastrectomy at National Cancer Center Hospital and subsequently received chemotherapy for recurrent or residual tumor. Using immunohistochemical techniques, we analyzed the expressions of IGF-1R, EGFR, and HER2 in surgically removed tumor specimens to determine the prognostic significance of these biomarkers. Results: IGF-1R expression (defined as &gt;10% membranous staining) was found in 67 tumors (77%), EGFR in 55 tumors (63%), and HER2 in 16 tumors (18%). IGF-1R expression correlated with EGFR expression (P=0.019) as well as with HER2 expression (P=0.001). A univariate analysis revealed that IGF-1R expression correlated with shorter survival (P=0.030). A multivariate analysis of potential prognostic factors showed that IGF-1R expression, worse performance status and pathological stage, and diffuse type tumor were independent predictors of poor outcomes ( Table ). Conclusions: IGF-1R expression in surgical GC specimens may be a predictor of poor outcomes in postoperative patients with GC. Our data suggest that anti-IGF-1R strategies may prove valuable in such patients. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN A ROUTINE PRACTICE: WHICH PARAMETERS ARE USEFUL TO PREDICT ONE-YEAR OUTCOME IN ADVANCED HEART FAILURE PATIENTS WITH DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY?
Authors: Takayuki Kawata, Masao Daimon, Koichi Kimura, Tomoko Nakao, Seitetsu Lee, Megumi Hirokawa, Masafumi Watanabe, Yutaka Yatomi, Issei Komuro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Multiple Angiomas in a Young Patient with Clinical Myelitis
Authors: CARLOS RAMOS, ANTONIO RODRÍGUEZ-FERNÁNDEZ, SIMEÓN ORTEGA, GERTRUDIS SABATEL, MANUEL GÓMEZ-RÍO, None JOSÉ, MANUEL LLAMAS-ELVIRA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

A 25-year-old man was examined because of interscapular pain along with dysesthesias of both arms, loss of strength in both legs, and absent sphincter control. Chest radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and TAC revealed calcified thoracic masses. The preliminary diagnosis was acute myelitis and a mediastinal mass with multiple areas of lymph adenopathy. A Ga-67 scan was performed because lymphoma was considered likely. The patient had a soft node in the left axilla that became smaller with pressure, and Tc-99m red blood cell-labeled scintigraphy showed areas of multiple tracer uptake in the cervical region, thorax, and upper extremities. These were found to be multiple angiomas.
Abstract 2147: Molecular allelokaryotyping to identify mechanism of development of Asian chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Norihiko Kawamata, Seishi Ogawa, Motohiro Kato, Sophie Raynauld, Takayuki Saitoh, Hirotaka Nakahashi, Masamitsu Karasawa, H. Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a common hematological malignancy in western countries. However, this disease is very rare in Asian countries. It is not clear whether the mechanisms of development of CLL in Caucasian and Asian are same. To answer this question, we compared genomic abnormalities in Asian and Caucasian CLL using single-nucleotide-polymorphism genomic microarray (SNP-chip). We analyzed 75 cases of Japanese CLL (Binet stage A: 51 cases, B: 8 cases, C: 16 cases, unknown: 3 cases) using 250-k GeneChip from Affymetrix. We compared these results to 56 cases of Caucasian CLL. Asian CLL had 4 common genomic abnormalities: deletion of 13q14.3 (36 cases, 49 %), trisomy 12 (23 cases, 30 %), abnormalities of 11q (9 cases, 13 %: 7 deletions and 2 uniparental disomy), and abnormalities of 17p (5 cases, 8 %: 4 deletions and 1 uniparental disomy). These 4 common genomic abnormalities were also identified in Caucasian CLL cases. Interestingly, in both racial groups, trisomy 12 and deletion of 13q14.3 were mutually exclusive (p = 0.01). Nevertheless, frequency of trisomy 12 was higher in Japanese CLL cases (23/75 cases, 30 %) than in Caucasian cases (4/56 cases; 7 %) while frequency of deletion of 13q14.3 was comparable in Japanese and Caucasian (49 % and 48 %, respectively). Frequency of deletion of 11q23.1 was similar in both racial groups. Notably, not only did all these cases involve deletion of ATM but always also deleted miR 34b and 34c. Furthermore, one case had a homozygous deletion of 11q22.3 involving caspase 1/4/5 and COP1. Interestingly, all except one CLL case with 11q abnormalities had either deletion or acquired uniparental disomy. Both Asian and Caucasian CLL had a commonly deleted region at 13q14.3 involving miR 15-a and 16-1. Interestingly, one case had two distinct deletions in this region; one involved miR 15-a and 16-1; the other involved Rb1. On close inspection, 36 % of cases with deletion of 13q, had a deletion of Rb1, suggesting that Rb1 might be another target of deletion of 13q. In summary, the new findings of this study are: 1) Genomic abnormalities in Asian and Caucasian CLL were comparable except for a higher frequency of trisomy 12 in Asian CLL; 2)Trisomy 12 and 13q deletions were mutually exclusive suggesting that either lesion can substitute for the other and may involve a common cellular pathway; 3)New CLL genomic abnormalities include deletion of miR 34b and 34c, caspase 1/4/5 and COP1 (11q), and Rb1 (13q). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2147.
Chinese clamp down on hospital overcharging
Authors: R. Tomlinson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The Chinese government has ordered Beijing's 600 hospitals and clinics to stop overcharging patients for unnecessary drugs and expensive examinations.

The hospitals have been set an October deadline in an attempt to limit the rapidly rising costs of medical treatment, a source of much complaint among patients. Needless prescription of drugs by doctors has also been wasting valuable resources, said the ministry of public health.

The problem stems from the cash strapped nature of most hospitals. In theory, …
A Controlled Trial of an Expansile Metal Stent for Palliation of Esophageal Obstruction Due to Inoperable Cancer
Authors: Klaus Knyrim, Hans-Joachim Wagner, Norbert Bethge, Michael Keymling, Nimish Vakil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Esophageal obstruction due to cancer can produce debilitating dysphagia. Rapid palliation is usually possible with endoscopic placement of a plastic esophageal prosthesis, but this device has a high rate of complications. A new alternative is a metal-mesh stent that collapses to 3 mm in diameter at placement but can then expand up to 16 mm.
COMPLICACIONES EN LA COLOCACIÓN DE PRÓTESIS METÁLICAS EN COLON. EXPERIENCIA DE UN CENTRO HOSPITALARIO DE TERCER NIVEL
Authors: J Umaña, A Alvarez, A Velasco, A Mora, C Revilla, H Marcos, C Piñero, A Rodriguez
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: La colocación de prótesis metálicas en colon (PMC) se considera una técnica eficaz y segura para el manejo de las estenosis malignas del colon. Estudios recientes sugieren que existe una alta tasa de complicaciones; Van Hooft JE et Al. publicó un ensayo multicéntrico aleatorizado comparando la colocación de PMC vs. la cirugía de urgencia en obstrucción aguda. El estudio se cerró de forma prematura dada la tasa de perforaciones en el grupo de las PMC.
INFUSION CONTINUA CON PROPOFOL CONTROLADO POR ENDOSCOPISTA. RESULTADOS EN LA CPRE -
Authors: S Maestro Antolin, R Castillo Trujillo, K De Jesus Geneaux, JL Da cruz Soares, E Saracibar, RE Madrigal, F Igea Arisqueta, J Barcenilla Laguna
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduccion: La sedación con propofol controlado por endoscopista es sin duda la mejor estrategia en las exploraciones convencionales (gastroscopia y colonoscopia). No obstante aún está en duda su eficacia y perfil de seguridad en la endoscopia terapéutica avanzada, fundamentalmente la CPRE. Su uso sistemático aun no está extendido en esta técnica y persiste cierta controversia sobre la necesidad o no de contar con anestesistas en estos casos. La posición en decubito prono, la frecuencia de complicaciones y la necesidad de proteger la via aerea en estos casos esta en el origen de esta controversia. También es discutido su perfil de seguridad en pacientes ASA III-IV
Abstract C64: Iron regulatory gene signature predicts outcome in breast cancer
Authors: Lance D. Miller, Lan G. Coffman, Jeff W. Chou, Michael A. Black, Jonas Bergh, Ralph D'Agostino, Suzy V. Torti, Frank M. Torti
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Extensive experimental and clinical literature attests to the importance of iron in tumor cell growth. For example, high levels of dietary iron have been linked epidemiologically to the increased development of tumors in humans; in animal models, levels of dietary iron affect tumor growth. However, pathways that underlie the apparent demand for iron by tumors remain largely uncharacterized. We recently discovered that an iron efflux pathway plays a role in breast cancer growth and metastasis: expression of the iron efflux pump ferroportin and its regulator hepcidin were predictive of metastasis-free survival in multiple independent breast cancer cohorts. To determine the optimal “iron gene regulatory signature,” we used microarray datasets comprising 674 breast cancer cases to systematically investigate how expression of genes related to iron metabolism is linked to breast cancer prognosis. Of 61 genes involved in iron regulation, 49% were statistically significantly associated with distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS). Optimal risk stratification was achieved with a model comprising 16 genes, which we term the iron regulatory gene signature (IRGS). Multivariable analysis revealed that the IRGS contributes information not captured by conventional prognostic indicators (hazard ratio 1.61; 95% CI 1.16–2.24; p=0.004). The IRGS successfully stratified homogeneously treated patients, including ER+ patients treated with tamoxifen monotherapy, both with (p=0.006) and without (p=0.03) lymph node metastases. To test whether multiple pathways were embedded within the IRGS, we evaluated the performance of two gene dyads with known roles in iron biology in ER+ patients treated with tamoxifen monotherapy (n=371). For both dyads, gene combinations that minimized intracellular iron content (anti-import: TFRCLow/HFEHigh; or pro-export: FPHigh/HAMPLow) were associated with favorable prognosis (p&amp;lt;0.005). Although the clinical utility of the IRGS will require prospective evaluation, its ability to both identify high risk patients within traditionally low risk groups and low risk patients within high risk groups has the potential to affect therapeutic decision-making. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr C64.
Diagnostic Value of Blood Sampling in Fetuses with Growth Retardation
Authors: Giorgio Pardi, Irene Cetin, Anna Maria Marconi, Antonella Lanfranchi, Patrizia Bozzetti, Enrico Farrazzi, Mauro Buscaglia, Frederick C. Battaglia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Fetuses with intrauterine growth retardation are delivered if they have evidence of distress, as manifested by abnormalities in the fetal heart rate and umbilical-artery blood flow. We studied whether umbilical-blood sampling might provide further information useful for management.
Commentary: Asbestos Penetration of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: William H. Hallenbeck
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

My comments are restricted to studies involving gastrointestinal exposure of humans and animals to asbestos via the diet or intubation. There have been three studies designed to determine whether human ingestion of asbestos in drinking water could result in the detection of asbestos in urine or postmortem tissues (1-3). One study concluded that ingested asbestos could not be found in human urine (1). However, other studies found evidence that ingested asbestos could penetrate the GI tract, migrate, and be recovered in urine and tissues (2,3). These two positive human studies were uncontrolled to the extent that inhaled asbestos may have contributed to the positive findings. Hence, we look to controlled animal studies for confirmation of the human findings, especially with regard to dose. There have been at least 12 animal studies involving rats and baboons (4-15). Five rat studies (4-8) and two baboon studies (8-10) presented evidence of asbestos penetration of the GI tract and/or migration to various tissues. Three rat studies (11-13) and two baboon studies (14, 15) found little or no evidence of penetration and migration. The positive animal findings (4-10) are not completely convincing for various reasons: (a) the number of fibers observed on a grid opening basis was quite small (8, 10); (b) the qualitative presentation of data prevented numerical comparisons of test and control fiber count data (4,6); (c) too few control data were obtained (7); and (d) fiber count data were reported in terms of fibers per milligram or milliliter (5). Unless fiber count data are given in terms of fibers per grid opening, it is not possible to know whether the authors' conclusions are based on the observation of one or hun-
Lowering LDL Cholesterol Is Good, but How and in Whom?
Authors: Neil J. Stone, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Genetic findings reported approximately 9 years ago in the Journal indicated that rare sequence variants in the gene encoding proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 serine protease (PCSK9) were associated with significantly lower long-term plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.1 The observed reduction in LDL cholesterol levels was similar to that attained with moderate-intensity statin therapy. The benefits of lifelong lowering of LDL cholesterol levels were substantial; a 47 to 88% lower risk of coronary heart disease was observed over a period of 15 years in middle-aged persons with such genetic polymorphisms. Further genetic studies indicated that PCSK9 . . .
Efficacy and safety of the hedgehog pathway inhibitor vismodegib in patients with advanced basal cell carcinoma (BCC): ERIVANCE BCC study update.
Authors: Aleksandar Sekulic, Michael R Migden, Anthony E Oro, Karl D Lewis, John D Hainsworth, Simon Yoo, Luc Dirix, Jeannie Hou, Huibin Yue, Axel Hauschild
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

8579 Background: The ERIVANCE BCC study is the pivotal trial of vismodegib (GDC-0449), a first-in-class small-molecule inhibitor of Hedgehog signaling, for treatment of locally advanced (laBCC) and metastatic BCC (mBCC), for whom there are no other effective therapy options. The study met the primary endpoint of overall response rate by independent review (Sekulic, Melanoma Res 2011). Here we report a 6-mo update of investigator-assessed (I-A) efficacy and safety endpoints as of May 26, 2011. Methods: This multicenter, international, nonrandomized 2-cohort study enrolled patients (pts) with laBCC (deemed inoperable or for whom surgery would be significantly disfiguring), and mBCC pts with RECIST-measurable disease. Pts received 150 mg oral vismodegib daily. Results: 104 pts (71 laBCC/33 mBCC) enrolled at 31 sites in the US, Europe, and Australia. I-A efficacy endpoints are shown in the table. One-year survival rate was 77.3% (95% CI 62.48–92.09%) for mBCC and 93.1% (95% CI 86.49–99.63%) for laBCC. Adverse events (AEs) in &gt;30% of pts were muscle spasms, alopecia, dysgeusia, weight decrease, fatigue, nausea, and amenorrhea (33.3%; 2/6 pts). Serious AEs were reported in 32 pts (31%). No additional fatal AEs were reported since the prior data cut (n=7, 7%; none considered related to vismodegib). Conclusions: This 6-mo update of I-A efficacy and safety endpoints from the ERIVANCE BCC study supports the significant clinical benefit of vismodegib in both laBCC and mBCC reported at the primary analysis. Median DOR and PFS increased numerically with follow-up. The AE profile was consistent with the prior data cut. These results further support the efficacy of vismodegib for treatment of advanced BCC. [Table: see text]
A Rare Case of Urachal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Xin Li, Songtao Liu, Shuzhan Yao, Muwen Wang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 48-year-old woman presented with abdominal pain, and her initial investigations, which included an abdominal ultrasound and a pelvic MRI examination, revealed a dominant soft tissue mass abutting her left iliac bone, extensive pelvic adenopathy, and multiple osseous metastases. The findings were concerning for chondrosarcoma; however, biopsy results were consistent with mucinous carcinoma of unknown origin. A staging 18F-FDG PET/CT revealed a mildly FDG-avid soft tissue mass with scattered calcifications extending to the dome of the urinary bladder, highly suggestive of a primary tumor. Cystoscopy with tissue sampling of this mass demonstrated a primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the urachus.
S23 Results Of A National Survey Of Pre-operative Screening For Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Authors: R. Sharrock, S. Baudouin, S. West
Journal: Thorax (2014)

<h3>Introduction and objectives</h3> There is currently no UK guidance (from BTS, BSS or RCA) regarding screening for obstructive sleep apnoea in the pre-operative setting. Evidence suggests that undiagnosed OSA is associated with increased post-operative complications but no trials have examined whether screening the UK’s general surgical population is justifiable. We sought to examine current UK practice and opinion in this regard. <h3>Methods</h3> A postal survey was sent to all 180 UK sleep service providers asking whether they had a hospital policy for pre-operative screening for OSA and what this consisted of. If there was no policy they were asked how pre-operative patients with suspected OSA were identified. Further details regarding diagnostic confirmation and opinion regarding practice were sought. <h3>Results</h3> We received 84 replies. There is a spectrum of current practice amongst respondents. There were 31 centres (37%) <i>with a policy </i>for screening for OSA. Of these, 42% screened all patients with a questionnaire e.g. STOP BANG, 23% screened only patients undergoing certain operations, 13% screened patients with high BMI only. Of those with a policy who estimated the number of referred patients, 60% saw more than &gt;5 per month. Of centres <i>with no policy </i>only 26% estimated that they received &gt;5 referrals per month. Without a policy 72% of referrals came from clinical suspicion alone. Overall 96% of respondents felt that all patients at high risk of OSA should be screened for OSA. 36 respondents thought it would be ethical to randomise identified cases of OSA to a potential trial of peri-operative CPAP or no CPAP, compared with 40 who did not. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is no established UK standard practice for screening for OSA pre-operatively, despite a majority opinion amongst questionnaire responders that high risk patients should be. There would be cost implications if National pre-operative OSA screening was implemented and there therefore needs to be clear evidence based benefit before proceeding.
AB0608 Increased plasma levels of lactoferrin and pentraxin 3 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis by leukocytapheresis
Authors: S. Miyauchi, K. Umekita, Y. Kariya, T. Kawaguchi, S. Sakaguchi, Y. Hashiba, S. Ueno, N. Kusumoto, I. Takajo, Y. Nagatomo, T. Hidaka, A. Okayama
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Leukocytapheresis (LCAP) is a treatment using extracorporial circulation with a filter for the removal of white blood cells (WBCs) from the peripheral blood and has been reported to be an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The effectiveness of LCAP in inflammatory disease is speculated through the removal of activated WBCs and platelets. However, the precise mechanism of LCAP treatment for the inflammatory diseases is still under investigation. <h3>Objectives</h3> Because lactoferrin (LTF) and pentraxin 3 (PTX3) are stored in the granulocytes, we analyzed plasma LTF and PTX3 in patients with RA who were treated with LCAP. <h3>Methods</h3> Plasma levels of LTF and PTX3 before and after LCAP treatment were measured by enzyme linked immunoassays in 7 patients with RA. Four of these patients reached moderate response by LCAP by EULAR criteria. Those levels before and after the LCAP columns in the circuits were also measured. Peripheral blood of 13 patients with RA was exposed to unwoven polyester fiber filters for LCAP in vitro and the changes of LTF and PTX3 were measured. In addition, the morphological changes of granulocytes was also observed. <h3>Results</h3> Mean plasma levels of LTF and PTX3 after LCAP treatment (942.2ng/ml and 15.4ng/ml, respectively) were significantly higher than those before the treatment (134.2ng/ml and 1.9ng/ml, respectively) (p&lt;0.01). Mean levels of LTF and PTX3 after the LCAP columns in the circuit were also markedly increased (1776.6 ng/ml and 11.2ng/ml, respectively). When the whole blood of 13 patients with RA was incubated with unwoven polyester fiber in vitro, the levels of LTF and PTX3 (2169.7 and 11.2ng/ml) were higher than those without incubation (174.9 and 1.9ng/ml) (p&lt;0.01). Cytoplasmic vacuolation of granulocytes was observed in the incubated samples. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Release of LTF and PTX3 from the WBCs captured in the LCAP columns was indicated in this study. Because LTF and PTX3 were suggested to have functions to modify the inflammation, the increased levels of these molecules after LCAP can be contributed to the therapeutic effect in RA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared