tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Injury and illness surveillance at the International Sailing Federation Sailing World Championships 2014
Authors: Benedict Tan, Darren Leong, Carmen Vaz Pardal, Cindy Y Lin, Jia Wen Kam
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2016)

The Sailing World Championships 2014 was contested by 1167 sailors in all 10 Olympic classes. Our objective was to characterise sailing-related injuries and illnesses in sailors participating in this regatta.We conducted 2 surveys: (1) prior to the World Championships, sailors answered a 12-month recall questionnaire on sailing-related injuries and illnesses and (2) during the Championships, injuries and illnesses were documented.There were 760 respondents (65% of all participants) for the 12-month recall questionnaire (58% male, 42% female), of whom 244 participants reported 299 injuries (0.59 injuries per 1000 h of sailing). Injuries were most prevalent in the 49erFX (64%), RS:X Women (39%), 49er (37%) and Nacra 17 (36%). Lower back (29% of sailors), knee (13%), shoulder (12%) and ankle (10%) injuries were most prevalent; most (58% of all injuries) were overuse injuries; and 56% of sailors lost sailing time. Most illnesses (40%) were infections, primarily of the respiratory system (43%). During the Championships, there were 67 injuries (4 per 1000 days of sailing). The 49er (24% of all injuries), 470 Men and Women (24%), and 49erFX (19%) had the highest incidence. Injuries to the hand/fingers (22% of all injuries), back (18%), and foot (12%) were most common, as were contusions (37% of all injuries), cuts/lacerations (24%), and sprains (9%). Of the 29 illnesses (2 per 1000 days of sailing), 9 (31%) were gastrointestinal and 6 (21%) respiratory, while 2 (7%) were gout attacks.The Olympic classes introduced since 2000 (49erFX, 49er, Nacra 17) have resulted in a rise in injuries.
Effective control of an acute gastroenteritis outbreak due to norovirus infection in a hospital ward in Athens, Greece, April 2011
Authors: S P Georgiadou, D Loukeris, S Smilakou, G L Daikos, N V Sipsas
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

In April 2011, an acute gastroenteritis outbreak due to norovirus infection occurred in a hospital ward in Athens, Greece, affecting 28 people: 16 staff members, 10 inpatients and two relatives of symptomatic inpatients. The attack rate among the patients and staff was 16.4% (10/61) and 31.4% (16/51), respectively. The outbreak lasted eight days and the clinical symptoms were mild. Effective infection control measures prevented the spread of the virus to other hospital wards.
An Aetiological Approach to the Law
Authors: Roger Ormrod
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1987)

The study of causation or etiology is of particular interest when  examining certain legal aspects of abortion and contraception.  The  abortion issue involves the value of the fetus and the etiological  effects of the woman the physician and the state.  In Roe it is this  genesis of legal etiology that guided the Justices.  The bodily  integrity of women or the right to abortion were not used to justify  their decision.  It was the etiological aspects of the woman and her  doctor that were given weight in making the decision.  The trimester  concept also stems from etiological grounds because it is the structure  by which the state determines when it can have an effect.  The  influence of etiological effects on contraception were 1st seen in  England when a Mrs. Gillick a mother of several teenage girls  requested that the state health authority promise not to give them  contraception which was legal.  The state refused to promise so she  sued the state for a promise.  After all the legal fighting was over  Mrs. Gillick lost and the justification of the judges that decided the  matter was that the attending doctor was not breaking any laws because  the intention was only to provide contraception which was within the  law.  Again etiological effects were used to justify a legal decision.
The Effects of Crystal Phase and Particle Morphology of Calcium Phosphates on Proliferation and Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Authors: Charlène Danoux, Daniel Pereira, Nicola Döbelin, Christoph Stähli, Jake Barralet, Clemens van Blitterswijk, Pamela Habibovic
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2016)

Calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics are extensively used for bone regeneration; however, their clinical performance is still considered inferior to that of patient's own bone. To improve the performance of CaP bone graft substitutes, it is important to understand the effects of their individual properties on a biological response. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the crystal phase and particle morphology on the behavior of human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs). To study the effect of the crystal phase, brushite, monetite, and octacalcium phosphate (OCP) are produced by controlling the precipitation conditions. Brushite and monetite are produced as plate‐shaped and as needle‐shaped particles, to further investigate the effect of particle morphology. Proliferation of hMSCs is inhibited on OCP as compared to brushite and monetite in either morphology. Brushite needles consistently show the lowest expression of most osteogenic markers, whereas the expression on OCP is in general high. There is a trend toward a higher expression of the osteogenic markers on plate‐shaped than on needle‐shaped particles for both brushite and monetite. Within the limits of CaP precipitation, these data indicate the effect of both crystal phase and particle morphology of CaPs on the behavior of hMSCs.
Abstract P2-08-17: Prognostic impact of breast cancer subtypes in elderly patients
Authors: ES Bergen, C Tichy, AS Berghoff, M Rudas, P Dubsky, Z Bago-Horvath, RM Mader, M Gnant, K Dieckmann, CC Zielinski, GG Steger, M Preusser, R Bartsch
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Background We aimed to analyze the impact of BC subtypes on the clinical course with special emphasis on the occurrence of brain metastases (BM) and outcome in an elderly breast cancer population. Patients and Methods 571 patients ≥65 years receiving treatment for BC from 2007-2011 were identified from a BC database. BC subtypes and clinical characteristics including overall survival (OS) were obtained by chart review. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi Square test, the log rank test and time depended covariate cox regression model as appropriate. Results Three-hundred-eighty/571 (63%) were grouped among the young-old (65-74 years), 182/571 (31.9%) among the old-old (75-84 years), and 29/571 (5,1%) among the oldest-old (≥85 years). 392/571 (68.8%) patients presented with luminal BC, 119/571 (20.8%) with HER2 positive and 59/571 (10.3%) with triple negative BC. After a median follow up of 38 months (range 0-204), 115/571 (20.1%) patients presented with metastatic recurrence. Highest recurrence rate was observed in HER2 positive BC patients (43/119 (36.1%)), followed by triple negative (15/59 (25.4%) and luminal BC (57/392 (14.5%); p&amp;lt;0.001; Chi Square test). BM occurred significantly more frequently in HER2 positive BC patients (9/119 (7.6%) compared to triple negative (2/59 (3.4%) and luminal BC patients (6/392 (1.5%); p=0.003; Chi Square test). Occurrence of metastases (HR 7.7; 95% CI 5.2-11.4; p&amp;lt;0.001) as well as development of BM (HR 3.5; 95% CI 1.9-6.4; p&amp;lt;0.001) had a significant impact on OS prognosis as entered in a time depended covariate cox regression model. Conclusions In contrast to younger BC patients, HER2 positive BC subtype and not triple negative BC subtype was linked to the most aggressive clinical course including the development of metastatic disease and BM in our elderly cohort. Citation Format: Bergen ES, Tichy C, Berghoff AS, Rudas M, Dubsky P, Bago-Horvath Z, Mader RM, Gnant M, Dieckmann K, Zielinski CC, Steger GG, Preusser M, Bartsch R. Prognostic impact of breast cancer subtypes in elderly patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-17.
Case 22-1971
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. McNeely, Lot B. Page, Benjamin Castleman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Presentation of CaseA 74-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of urinary suppression.He had been well until eight months previously, when there was the onset of dysuria, with urinary frequency, urgency, dribbling and nocturia, two to four times nightly. Two months later anorexia developed, and he lost 3 kg in weight. One week before admission he began to experience difficulty in initiating micturition, and he believed that during the three days before entry he had passed no urine.He had smoked half a package of cigarettes daily for many years and claimed that his intake of alcohol . . .
Cancer Survival Varies Widely Across Europe, New Study Finds
Authors: D. Holzman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Cancer Survival Varies Widely Across Europe, New Study Finds Get access David Holzman David Holzman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 16, 16 August 1995, Page 1209, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.16.1209 Published: 16 August 1995
High Efficiency CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Gene Editing in Primary Human T-cells Using Mutant Adenoviral E4orf6/E1b55k “Helper” Proteins
Authors: Kamila S Gwiazda, Alexandra E Grier, Jaya Sahni, Stephen M Burleigh, Unja Martin, Julia G Yang, Nicholas A Popp, Michelle C Krutein, Iram F Khan, Kyle Jacoby, Michael C Jensen, David J Rawlings, Andrew M Scharenberg
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2016)

Many future therapeutic applications of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 and related RNA-guided nucleases are likely to require their use to promote gene targeting, thus necessitating development of methods that provide for delivery of three components-Cas9, guide RNAs and recombination templates-to primary cells rendered proficient for homology-directed repair. Here, we demonstrate an electroporation/transduction codelivery method that utilizes mRNA to express both Cas9 and mutant adenoviral E4orf6 and E1b55k helper proteins in association with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing guide RNAs and recombination templates. By transiently enhancing target cell permissiveness to AAV transduction and gene editing efficiency, this novel approach promotes efficient gene disruption and/or gene targeting at multiple loci in primary human T-cells, illustrating its broad potential for application in translational gene editing.
Association between air pollution and coronary artery calcification within six metropolitan areas in the USA (the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis and Air Pollution): a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Joel D Kaufman, Sara D Adar, R Graham Barr, Matthew Budoff, Gregory L Burke, Cynthia L Curl, Martha L Daviglus, Ana V Diez Roux, Amanda J Gassett, David R Jacobs, Richard Kronmal, Timothy V Larson, Ana Navas-Acien, Casey Olives, Paul D Sampson, Lianne Sheppard, David S Siscovick, James H Stein, Adam A Szpiro, Karol E Watson
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
Molecular prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia receiving first-line therapy with azacitidine
Authors: J Desoutter, J Gay, C Berthon, L Ades, B Gruson, S Geffroy, I Plantier, A Marceau, N Helevaut, J Fernandes, M Bemba, L Stalnikiewicz, C Frimat, J Labreuche, O Nibourel, C Roumier, M Figeac, P Fenaux, B Quesnel, A Renneville, A Duhamel, C Preudhomme
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Abstract 5584: Exhaled breath as diagnostic tool for malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Kevin Lamote, Filip Lardon, Joris Van Cleemput, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Olivier Thas, Jan P. van Meerbeeck
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) is an asbestos-related disease with a dismal prognosis due to its late detection at an advanced stage. Hence, a diagnostic test is requisite that allows to screen asbestos-exposed persons for earlier MPM detection. As blood biomarkers have not shown to be clinically useful biomarkers for early non-invasive diagnosis, breath is currently explored. Breath is easy to retrieve by physicians in a clinical environment and contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that arise from (patho)physiological processes. Since asbestos causes oxidative stress and cancers are known to up regulate their metabolism, we hypothesize that VOCs and, hence, the exhaled breath of MPM patients will differ from healthy controls. Methods: We compared the breath of 23 MPM patients, 10 asbestos-exposed and 12 non-exposed healthy individuals using a multicapillary column/ion mobility spectrometer (MCC/IMS, B&amp;S Analytik, Dortmund, Germany). After subjects refrained from eating, drinking and smoking for at least 2 hours, 10 ml alveolar air was sampled via a CO2-controlled ultrasonic sensor and subsequently analyzed. Per subject a background sample was taken. Eighty-nine VOC peaks were visually selected via on-board VisualNow 3.7 software. Their intensity was compared between background and breath samples. After calculating the VOCs’ alveolar gradient, we performed a logistic LASSO regression in R (R-Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). We selected the optimal MPM diagnostic logistic LASSO model by 10-fold cross-validation using age, gender and the alveolar gradient of the peaks and estimated this models’ sensitivity, specificity, AUCROC and positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). Results: We were able to discriminate MPM patients from the asbestos-exposed and non-exposed controls with 96% sensitivity and 91% specificity. The AUCROC was 0,94 and the PPV and NPV were resp. 92% and 95%. The VOCs P5, P3, and P1 were the significant discriminators. Conclusions: Breath analysis in a clinical setting by MCC/IMS allows to discriminate MPM patients from asbestos-exposed and non-exposed healthy controls. It can help to screen asbestos-exposed persons at risk, switching diagnosis to an early phase and hence, better patient survival. Identification of the underlying VOCs and a further validation in different patient cohorts is being undertaken. Citation Format: Kevin Lamote, Filip Lardon, Joris Van Cleemput, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Olivier Thas, Jan P. van Meerbeeck. Exhaled breath as diagnostic tool for malignant pleural mesothelioma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5584. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5584
Intelligence, Academic Achievement, and EEG Abnormalities in Hyperactive Children
Authors: James H. Satterfield, Dennis P. Cantwell, Ronald E. Saul, Alvin Yusin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors took EEG, neurological, psychological, and behavioral measures on 120 hyperactive children, 22 of whom were found to have EEG abnormalities. However, these children scored significantly higher on intelligence tests and other measures of cognitive performance than hyperactive children with normal EEGs. The authors caution that an abnormal EEG finding in hyperactive children should not be taken, in the absence of other data, to indicate a poor prognosis or the need for special education. The contrary was found to be true for the children in their sample who had the epileptiform-type EEG abnormality.
Partial-Breast Radiation for Early Staged Breast Cancers: Hypothesis, Existing Data, and a Planned Phase III Trial
Authors: Beryl McCormick
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2005)

This review of clinical data from partial-breast treatment studies discusses results from a single institution's experience using brachytherapy catheters, the MammoSite balloon (Proxima Company, Alpharetta, GA), and three-dimensional external beam partial-breast treatment. Rationale, techniques, dose schedules, and available results are presented. Intra-operative single-dose radiation to the lumpectomy site is also reviewed. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) and Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) cooperative groups are opening a phase III trial to compare partial-breast treatment to the standard 5- to 6-week course of whole-breast radiation. The design of this study is also presented in this review.
Error in Text and Table
Authors:  Dzeng
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Elizabeth Dzeng, MD, MPH, MPhil, MS; Alessandra Colaianni, BA, MPhil; Martin Roland, BM BCh, DM; Geetanjali Chander, MD, MPH; Thomas J. Smith, MD; Michael P. Kelly, PhD; Stephen Barclay, BM BCh, MD; David Levine, MD, MHS, ScD
Potato intake and incidence of hypertension: results from three prospective US cohort studies
Authors: Lea Borgi, Eric B Rimm, Walter C Willett, John P Forman
Journal: BMJ (2016)

<b>Objective</b>&nbsp;To determine whether higher intake of baked or boiled potatoes, French fries, or potato chips is associated with incidence of hypertension. <b>Design</b>&nbsp;Prospective longitudinal cohort studies. <b>Setting</b>&nbsp;Healthcare providers in the United States. <b>Participants</b>&nbsp;62 175 women in Nurses' Health Study, 88 475 women in Nurses' Health Study II, and 36 803 men in Health Professionals Follow-up Study who were non-hypertensive at baseline. <b>Main outcome measure</b>&nbsp;Incident cases of hypertension (self reported diagnosis by healthcare provider). <b>Results</b>&nbsp;Compared with consumption of less than one serving a month, the random effects pooled hazard ratios for four or more servings a week were 1.11 (95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.28; P for trend=0.05) for baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, 1.17 (1.07 to 1.27; P for trend=0.001) for French fries, and 0.97 (0.87 to 1.08; P for trend=0.98) for potato chips. In substitution analyses, replacing one serving a day of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes with one serving a day of non-starchy vegetables was associated with decreased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio 0.93, 0.89 to 0.96). <b>Conclusion</b>&nbsp;Higher intake of baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes and French fries was independently and prospectively associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension in three large cohorts of adult men and women.
Grynfeltt Hernia
Authors: Tsung-Jung Liang, Chung-Yu Tsai
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

An 84-year-old man with no history of trauma or previous surgery presented with a mass protruding from the left side of his lower back. The patient reported that the mass had been growing incrementally for 50 years without associated symptoms. The physical examination revealed a soft, nontender mass below the left 12th rib (Panel A). The mass was reducible with manual compression but protruded when the patient coughed (video). Computed tomography of the abdomen showed herniation of the descending colon through the superior lumbar triangle (Panel B, arrow). This structure is also known as the Grynfeltt–Lesshaft triangle, after Joseph Grynfeltt, . . .
Introducing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination - a challenge for European vaccine advisory committees and public health services
Authors: M Pfleiderer
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

The development of efficient human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines has required long lasting and tremendous research and development efforts by both academia and industry. However, their availability now turns out to be a major challenge for the public health services of many member states within the European Union (EU) and beyond.
Reply to Ishaq et al.
Authors: Kjetil Garborg, Michal Kaminski, Michael Bretthauer
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

Regarding pain at discharge as a measure of discomfort during colonoscopy, we used two different methods of pain measurement. The primary end point was procedural pain, but the patients were asked after the procedure about how painful the procedure had been. Thus, we did not ask about post-procedural pain experienced at the time of discharge, which we agree would not be a reliable measure of procedural discomfort. We chose our approach to ensure that the outcome assessor was blinded to the intervention and, therefore, to minimize the risk of bias.
An Incidental Finding of Skull Hemangioma During 18F-FP CIT Brain PET/CT
Authors: Kyung-Ah Chun, EunJung Kong, IhnHo Cho
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

F-FP CIT has been well established and used for the differential diagnosis of atypical parkinsonian disorders, including idiopathic Parkinson disease. A 54-year-old woman with a history of left hand and leg tremor underwent F-FP CIT PET/CT for the differentiation of parkinsonism. The F-FP CIT PET/CT incidentally showed focal dopamine transporter uptake in the right frontal bone. Brain MRI scan showed heterogeneous high signal intensity with enhancement in right frontal bone diploic space without cortical disruption, suggestive of cavernous hemangioma. Besides the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system, F-FP CIT PET/CT showed a skull tumor.
"Secondary Failures" in Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus with Tolbutamide and with Phenformin
Authors: L P KRALL, R F BRADLEY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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International trends in salmonella serotypes 1998-2003 - a surveillance report from the Enter-net international surveillance network
Authors: I. S.T. Fisher
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

One of the objectives of any surveillance activity is to monitor trends in infections. The international surveillance network for human enteric infections, Enter-net, has been collecting and reporting data on laboratory-confirmed human salmonella infections since 1993. The number of cases identified rose in the mid-1990s, with the peak being in 1997. This paper describes the subsequent decline in salmonella serotypes being reported by the national reference laboratories participating in the Enter-net surveillance network between 1998-2003. The total number of human cases of salmonellosis reported by the Enter-net participating countries has fallen from 22,698 to 142,891 during this period. Even at these reported levels salmonellosis remains a major cause of morbidity in humans.
THE INFLUENCE OF DEFICIENT RETRO-AORTIC RIM ON TECHNICAL SUCCESS AND EARLY ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING DEVICE CLOSURE OF SECUNDUM ATRIAL SEPTAL DEFECTS: AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT® REGISTRY
Authors: Michael L. O’Byrne, Matthew Gillespie, Yoav Dori, Kevin Kennedy, Jonathan Rome, Andrew Glatz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)