tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carcinogen Bioassay and Mutagenicity Studies With the Hypolipidemic Agent Gemfibrozil&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J E Fitzgerald, J L Sanyer, J L Schardein, R S Lake, E J McGuire, F A de la Iglesia
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Gemfibrozil, a novel hypolipidemic agent identified chemically as 2,2-dimethyl-5-(2,5-xylyoxy) valeric acid, was evaluated for mutagenic potential in in vitro assays with Salmonella typhimurium. For evaluation of tumorigenic potential, gemfibrozil was administered in the diet (0.30, and 300 mg gemfibrozil/kg) to groups of noninbred CD-1 mice (72/sex) and noninbred CD rats (50/sex) for 78 and 104 weeks, respectively. In the bacterial mutagenesis assays, between 100 and 2,500 microgram gemfibrozil/plate failed to induce a significant increase in revertant bacterial colonies. Neither was a mutagenic response in bacterial assays induced at concentrations up to 300 microgram of five in vivo metabolites of gemifibrozil isolated from rat urine/plate. In mice, gemfibrozil did not significantly increase the frequency or the mean latency period of tumors. In rats, the statistically significant increases in hepatocellular tumors and interstitial cell tumors of the testes were dose related. Adrenal medullary and pancreatic acinar tumors were increased in male rats but were inversely dose related. Under the conditions of this assay, gemfibrozil did not elicit a tumorigenic potential in mice and female rats. In male rats and related to the hepatocellular tumor response, the peroxisome proliferation seen did not occur in humans chronically administered hypolipidemics.
Abstract IA08: Hypoxia, metabolism, and tumor progression
Authors: M Celeste Simon
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Solid tumors typically develop hostile microenvironments characterized by irregular vascularization and poor oxygen (O2) and nutrient supply. Whereas normal cells modulate anabolic and catabolic pathways in response to changes in nutrient availability, cancer cells exhibit unregulated growth even under nutrient scarcity. Recent studies have demonstrated that constitutive activation of growth-promoting pathways results in dependence on unsaturated fatty acids for survival under O2 deprivation. In cancer cells, this dependence represents a critical metabolic vulnerability that could be exploited therapeutically. I will review how this dependence on unsaturated lipids is affected by the microenvironmental conditions faced by cancer cells. Citation Format: M Celeste Simon. Hypoxia, metabolism, and tumor progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2015 Oct 23-26; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(3 Suppl):Abstract nr IA08.
An Attempt to Identify Likely Precursor Groups of Gastric Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: David State, M. D., David Gaviser, M. D., Thomas B. Hubbard, Jr., M. D., Owen H. Wangensteen, M. D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

An Attempt to Identify Likely Precursor Groups of Gastric Cancer David State, M. D., David State, M. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Gaviser, M. D., David Gaviser, M. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas B. Hubbard, Jr., M. D., Thomas B. Hubbard, Jr., M. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Owen H. Wangensteen, M. D. Owen H. Wangensteen, M. D. Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minn. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 2, October 1949, Pages 443–453, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.2.443 Published: 01 October 1949
Clinical status and emotional adjustment of children of depressed mothers
Authors: C M Lee, I H Gotlib
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The authors compared children (ages 7-13 years) of unipolar depressed mothers with children of nondepressed psychiatric patients, of nondepressed medical patients, and of nondepressed mothers in the community. The children's adjustment was rated by clinicians on the Child Adjustment Schedule and by the mothers on the Child Behavior Checklist. The highest proportion of clinically significant problems was found in the children of the depressed mothers. However, the overlap between the problems of these children and those of the children of the nondepressed psychiatric patients calls into question the formulation that children's adjustment difficulties are specific to parental depression.
Platelets deficient in glycoprotein IIIb aggregate normally to collagens type I and III but not to collagen type V
Authors: B Kehrel, A Kronenberg, J Rauterberg, D Niesing-Bresch, U Niehues, J Kardoeus, B Schwippert, D Tschope, J van de Loo, KJ Clemetson
Journal: Blood (1993)
Nasal Sinusitis in Childhood
Authors: J. Crooks
Journal: BMJ (1938)

The Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street $ince nasal accessory sinusitis is almost always the resuilt of colds, other upper respiratory infections such as influenza, or the exanthemata, it is proper to emphasize that the avoidance and correct treatment of these con- ditions are of the utmost importance.Children often manage to escape with few infections
Variant<i>ASGR1</i>Associated with a Reduced Risk of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Paul Nioi, Asgeir Sigurdsson, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Hannes Helgason, Arna B. Agustsdottir, Gudmundur L. Norddahl, Anna Helgadottir, Audur Magnusdottir, Aslaug Jonasdottir, Solveig Gretarsdottir, Ingileif Jonsdottir, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Thorunn Rafnar, Dorine W. Swinkels, Tessel E. Galesloot, Niels Grarup, Torben Jørgensen, Henrik Vestergaard, Torben Hansen, Torsten Lauritzen, Allan Linneberg, Nele Friedrich, Nikolaj T. Krarup, Mogens Fenger, Ulrik Abildgaard, Peter R. Hansen, Anders M. Galløe, Peter S. Braund, Christopher P. Nelson, Alistair S. Hall, Michael J.A. Williams, Andre M. van Rij, Gregory T. Jones, Riyaz S. Patel, Allan I. Levey, Salim Hayek, Svati H. Shah, Muredach Reilly, Gudmundur I. Eyjolfsson, Olof Sigurdardottir, Isleifur Olafsson, Lambertus A. Kiemeney, Arshed A. Quyyumi, Daniel J. Rader, William E. Kraus, Nilesh J. Samani, Oluf Pedersen, Gudmundur Thorgeirsson, Gisli Masson, Hilma Holm, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Patrick Sulem, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, Kari Stefansson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Several sequence variants are known to have effects on serum levels of non–high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol that alter the risk of coronary artery disease.
Total Effective Xenoestrogen Burden in Serum Samples and Risk for Breast Cancer in a Population-Based Multicase–Control Study in Spain
Authors: Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, Mariana F. Fernández, Gemma Castaño-Vinyals, Denis Whelan, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez, Javier Llorca, Cristina M. Villanueva, Marcela Guevara, José-Manuel Molina-Molina, Francisco Artacho-Cordón, Laura Barriuso-Lapresa, Ignasi Tusquets, Trinidad Dierssen-Sotos, Nuria Aragonés, Nicolás Olea, Manolis Kogevinas, Marina Pollán
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2016)

Most studies on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and breast cancer have focused on single compounds and have produced inconclusive findings.We assessed the combined estrogenic effects of mixtures of xenoestrogens in serum and their relationship to breast cancer risk.A total of 186 incident pretreatment breast cancer cases and 196 frequency-matched controls were randomly sampled from a large population-based multicase-control study in Spain. The total effective xenoestrogen burden attributable to organohalogenated xenoestrogens (TEXB-α) and endogenous hormones and more polar xenoestrogens (TEXB-β) was determined in serum samples using high-performance liquid chromatography and E-Screen bioassay. Odds ratios for breast cancer comparing tertiles of serum TEXB-α and TEXB-β were estimated using logistic models, and smooth risk trends were obtained using spline models.Cases had higher geometric mean TEXB-α and TEXB-β levels (8.32 and 9.94 Eeq pM/mL, respectively) than controls (2.99 and 5.96 Eeq pM/mL, respectively). The fully adjusted odds ratios for breast cancer (95% confidence intervals) comparing the second and third tertiles of TEXB-α with the first tertile were 1.77 (0.76, 4.10) and 3.45 (1.50, 7.97), respectively, and those for TEXB-β were 2.35 (1.10, 5.03) and 4.01 (1.88, 8.56), respectively. A steady increase in risk was evident across all detected TEXB-α levels and a sigmoidal trend was observed for TEXB-β. Individual xenoestrogens showed weak and opposing associations with breast cancer risk.This is the first study to show a strong positive association between serum total xenoestrogen burden and breast cancer risk, highlighting the importance of evaluating xenoestrogen mixtures, rather than single compounds, when studying hormone-related cancers.Pastor-Barriuso R, Fernández MF, Castaño-Vinyals G, Whelan D, Pérez-Gómez B, Llorca J, Villanueva CM, Guevara M, Molina-Molina JM, Artacho-Cordón F, Barriuso-Lapresa L, Tusquets I, Dierssen-Sotos T, Aragonés N, Olea N, Kogevinas M, Pollán M. 2016. Total effective xenoestrogen burden in serum samples and risk for breast cancer in a population-based multicase-control study in Spain. Environ Health Perspect 124:1575-1582; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP157.
Weak Uptake of 123I-MIBG and 18F-FDOPA Contrasting With High 18F-FDG Uptake in Stage I Neuroblastoma
Authors: Myriam Wartski, Nina Jehanno, Jean Michon, Claire de Labriolle-Vaylet, Françoise Montravers
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Hypertension in a 6-year-old girl was the presenting sign of a stage I neuroblastoma. This tumor corresponded to a left adrenal gland mass. Hypertension resolved immediately after complete surgical resection of the tumor with an uneventful follow-up (24 months at the present time). Preoperative assessment by nuclear medicine techniques showed weak uptake of 123I-MIBG and 18F-FDOPA contrasting with high 18F-FDG uptake by the tumor.
Molecular-Directed Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Linwah Yip, Julie Ann Sosa
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2016)

Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing, and when fine-needle aspiration biopsy results are cytologically indeterminate, the diagnosis is often still established only after thyroidectomy. Molecular marker testing may be helpful in guiding patient-oriented and tailored management of thyroid nodules and thyroid cancer.To summarize available data on the use of molecular testing to improve the diagnosis and prognostication of thyroid cancer.A MEDLINE review was conducted using the primary search terms molecular, thyroid cancer, thyroid nodule, and gene expression classifier in search strings. Articles were restricted to those published between January 1, 2010, and June 1, 2015, inclusive of adult humans, and reported in the English language only.Of 867 titles screened, 67 articles were further identified for review of the full text. The 2 most studied molecular marker testing techniques for indeterminate thyroid nodules include gene expression classifier analysis and evaluation for somatic mutations or rearrangements that are commonly found in thyroid cancer (7-gene panel). Nodules with benign results on gene expression classifier analysis can be associated with less than a 5% risk of cancer and may be observed, while nodules with positive results on the 7-gene panel may have a higher risk of cancer (80%-100%) and definitive surgery can be recommended. However, cancer prevalence and geographic variations in histologic subtypes may affect accuracy and clinical applicability of both tests. Molecular marker tests such as ThyroSeq version 2.1 are more comprehensive, but they need further validation. Preoperative risk stratification using molecular markers also may be used to better define the optimal extent of thyroidectomy for patients with thyroid cancer.Molecular markers potentially can augment the diagnostic specificity of fine-needle aspiration biopsy to better differentiate cytologically indeterminate nodules that can be safely observed from cytologically indeterminate nodules that may be associated with differentiated thyroid cancer. Long-term follow-up data are still needed; in the end, patient preference regarding the relative risks and benefits of molecular testing is at the crux of decision making.
Abnormalities of regional distribution of cerebral vasculature in schizophrenia detected by dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI
Authors: B M Cohen, D Yurgelun-Todd, C D English, P F Renshaw
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors tested the hypothesis that the regional distribution of cerebral vasculature is anomalous in schizophrenia.Dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance imaging was used to evaluate cerebral blood volume in the right and left occipital cortex, basal ganglia, and cerebellum of 10 subjects with schizophrenia and 10 healthy comparison subjects.Cerebral blood volume was greater in the schizophrenic subjects in every region studied.The findings suggest an abnormality of the configuration of cerebral blood vessels in schizophrenia.
Will community mental health survive in the 1980s?
Authors: S S Sharfstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1978)

There are now 675 funded community mental health centers (CMHCs), covering almost half the country. Many of these programs were funded in the social optimism of the 1960s and now face a crisis of purpose and funding. Additional requirements imposed by the 1975 amendments to the CMHC act are not matched by additional fiscal resources. Programs are graduating from the federal grant to find that other sources of funds, especially third-party insurance funds, are not replacing the lost federal dollars. There is evidence that CMHCs are changing from clinical/medical programs to social programs; the numbers of persons seeking care who have diagnosable mental illness and of psychiatrists and nurses relative to other staff are decreasing. The issue is whether CMHCs as a national program are headed for extinction or whether there will be new vitality for this program into the 1980s.
Abstract P4-09-19: Comprehensive multiplatform molecular profiling identifies potentially targetable biomarkers in malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast
Authors: Z Gatalica, S Vranic, A Ghazalpour, J Xiu, I Ocal, J McGill, R Bender, E Discianno, S Sanati, S Reddy, B Pockaj
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Introduction: Malignant phyllodes tumors are rare breast malignancies (0.1% of all breast tumors) with limited effective treatment options for recurrent and metastatic disease. Recent trials indicated a potential for anti-angiogenic therapy in soft tissue sarcomas, which led us to investigate these pathways. Materials and Methods: Thirty-five malignant phyllodes tumors (including two cases with matched primary and metastatic tumors) were profiled using gene sequencing (Next-generation and Sanger), gene copy number analysis (in-situ hybridization), whole genome RNA expression, and protein expression (immunohistochemical assay). Results: RNA microarray assay showed consistent over-expression of genes involved in angiogenesis including VEGFA, Angiopoietin2, VCAM1, PDGFRA, PTTG1, and CYP3A5 in all cases analyzed (n=5). No mutations in KDR (VEGFR2) were detected (0/26). EGFR protein overexpression was observed in 25/26 (96%) of cases with amplification of the EGFR gene in 8 cases (33%). EGFR gene mutations were identified in 2 cases (8%) including one case with presumed pathogenic V774M mutation and one case with EGFRvIII mutation. The most common mutations included those of TP53 (50%) and PIK3CA (15%) while other mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2, RET, CDH1, MLH1, ATM) were rare affecting single phyllodes cases. Two cases with matched primary and metastatic cancers harbored the same mutations in both sites (PIK3CA/KRAS and RB1 gene mutations, respectively). Conclusions: Comprehensive multiplatform profiling approach to phyllodes tumors identifies various molecular alterations of which some are potentially actionable. Our data suggests that anti-angiogenic therapy may also be effective in patients with malignant phyllodes tumor. Evaluation of EGFR pathway discovered consistent protein over-expression but rare activating mutations, which necessitates refinement in patient selection targeting these pathways. Citation Format: Gatalica Z, Vranic S, Ghazalpour A, Xiu J, Ocal I, McGill J, Bender R, Discianno E, Sanati S, Reddy S, Pockaj B. Comprehensive multiplatform molecular profiling identifies potentially targetable biomarkers in malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-19.
Chronic myelogenous leukemia: is aggressive treatment indicated?
Authors: B Clarkson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

AbstractFebruary 01, 1985 Share on Chronic myelogenous leukemia: is aggressive treatment indicated?Author: B ClarksonAuthors Info & AffiliationsPublication: Journal of Clinical OncologyVolume 3, Number 2https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.2.135 Get Access
Characteristics of psychiatric consultations in a pediatric cancer center
Authors: D S Rait, P B Jacobsen, M S Lederberg, J C Holland
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Data on psychiatric consultations with 58 pediatric cancer patients are summarized. Although most patients received DSM-III axis I diagnoses, adjustment disorder was diagnosed in 30 cases (52%). The patients with primarily depressive features were significantly older than those with anxious features.
Report of the Librarian
Authors: Henry R. Viets
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE Librarian herewith presents his annual report, the fifteenth accounting of the state of the Library since he took office in 1938. This report covers the calendar year 1952, a year of increased use of the books and journals, with more readers than at any time in the last five years. The circulation of the contents of the Library reached an all-time high of 71,149, about two thirds of this number being used in Holmes Hall and one third outside the Library building. Thus, service to users not coming to the building amounted to 23,931 items, these books and periodicals . . .
Functional Importance of a Proteoglycan Coreceptor in Pathologic Lymphangiogenesis
Authors: Scott C. Johns, Xin Yin, Michael Jeltsch, Joseph R. Bishop, Manuela Schuksz, Roland El Ghazal, Sarah A. Wilcox-Adelman, Kari Alitalo, Mark M. Fuster
Journal: Circulation Research (2016)

Lymphatic vessel growth is mediated by major prolymphangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D, among other endothelial effectors. Heparan sulfate is a linear polysaccharide expressed on proteoglycan core proteins on cell membranes and matrix, playing roles in angiogenesis, although little is known about any function(s) in lymphatic remodeling in vivo.To explore the genetic basis and mechanisms, whereby heparan sulfate proteoglycans mediate pathological lymphatic remodeling.Lymphatic endothelial deficiency in the major heparan sulfate biosynthetic enzyme N-deacetylase/N-sulfotransferase-1 (Ndst1; involved in glycan-chain sulfation) was associated with reduced lymphangiogenesis in pathological models, including spontaneous neoplasia. Mouse mutants demonstrated tumor-associated lymphatic vessels with apoptotic nuclei. Mutant lymphatic endothelia demonstrated impaired mitogen (Erk) and survival (Akt) pathway signaling and reduced VEGF-C-mediated protection from starvation-induced apoptosis. Lymphatic endothelial-specific Ndst1 deficiency (in Ndst1(f/f)Prox1(+/CreERT2) mice) was sufficient to inhibit VEGF-C-dependent lymphangiogenesis. Lymphatic heparan sulfate deficiency reduced phosphorylation of the major lymphatic growth receptor VEGF receptor-3 in response to multiple VEGF-C species. Syndecan-4 was the dominantly expressed heparan sulfate proteoglycan in mouse lymphatic endothelia, and pathological lymphangiogenesis was impaired in Sdc4((-/-)) mice. On the lymphatic cell surface, VEGF-C induced robust association between syndecan-4 and VEGF receptor-3, which was sensitive to glycan disruption. Moreover, VEGF receptor-3 mitogen and survival signaling was reduced in the setting of Ndst1 or Sdc4 deficiency.These findings demonstrate the genetic importance of heparan sulfate and the major lymphatic proteoglycan syndecan-4 in pathological lymphatic remodeling. This may introduce novel future strategies to alter pathological lymphatic-vascular remodeling.
Descriptive study for the prevention of Hand-foot syndrome in oncologics patients who undergoing cycles with 5 FU, sorafenib and capecitabine
Authors: M. Bonavero, S. Giambra, S. Storto, T. Armando, T. Arnaud, L. Ciuffreda, V. Dimonte, M.V. Mussa
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Endoscopic ultrasound diagnosis of a primary hepatoid carcinoma of the pancreas
Authors: Filippo Antonini, Lucia Angelelli, Corrado Rubini, Giampiero Macarri
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 59-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus and smoking was referred for the evaluation of weight loss and abdominal discomfort. Abdominal computed tomography revealed mild ascites, multiple liver nodules, hepatic hilar lymphadenopathy, and a 60 × 50-mm solid exophytic mass in the pancreatic body ([Fig. 1]). The serum lipase, transaminase, bilirubin, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), chromogranin A, cancer antigen (CA) 19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were within normal range.
Reversal of tricyclic-overdosage-induced central anticholinergic syndrome by physostigmine
Authors: P C Holinger, H L Klawans
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

Although there is evidence that the delirium, stupor, coma, and seizure-like activity seen in overdosage with tricyclic antidepressants and antiparkinson drugs are due to the central anticholinergic activity of these agents, patients with overdosage of these drugs are still frequently misdiagnosed. The authors present a case of reversal of anticholinergic-drug-induced prolonged coma, myoclonus, and choreoathetosis by physostigmine. This report supports the anticholinergic basis of the clinical manifestations of such overdosages, provides information on the role of acetylcholine and dopamine in psychiatric and movement disorders, and illustrates dramatically the need for accurate diagnosis and treatment.