tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AB0807 The Features of Bone Metabolism in Patients with Periodontal Diseases
Authors: I. Mazur, V. Gabal
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between bone metabolic disturbances and periodontal diseases <h3>Objectives</h3> Several studies discuss the relationship between systemic bone mineral density (BMD) and periodontal diseases. Osteoporosis or low systemic BMD should be considered as the risk factor for periodontal disease progression. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of bone metabolism on the periodontal status in the patients. <h3>Methods</h3> The study included 89 patients (38 men and 51 women, mean age – 43.5±5.1 years) with the healthy periodontal status (HPS) and 231 patients (108 men and 123 women, mean age – 45.6±5.2 years) with generalized periodontitis (GP). Clinical conditions of periodontal tissue and radiographic determinations (panoramic X-Ray) were evaluated. Skeletal systemic BMD was measured by DXA. Metabolic processes of bone tissue were evaluated by bone turnover markers: bone tissue formation – osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) in serum and bone tissue resorption marker – deoxypiridinoline (DPD) in urine. <h3>Results</h3> Comparative analysis of structural and functional state of bone tissue in patients showed a mineral density reduction in GP group compared to HPS, but these changes were not statistically significant. Disorders of bone tissue metabolism and dissociation in the processes of bone tissue remodeling were determined in patients with GP. The OC level in the patients with GP (18.89±0.87 ng/ml in men and 20.39±1.14 ng/ml in women) was statistically significantly (p&lt;0.01) lower compared to the HPS group (24.14±1.04 ng/ml in men and 27.56±1.12 ng/ml in women). BAP show significant differences between groups. The level of DPD in the GP group (5.78±0.79 mmol in men, 8.34±0.56 mmol in women) was significantly higher (p&lt;0.01) compared to HPS group (3.57±1.12 mmol in men, 4.47±0.76 mmol in women). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These results suggest that periodontitis associations with bone metabolic disturbances. In patients with periodontitis unbalanced bone remodeling was found: decreased bone formation and increased resorption <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5943
Give a dog a bad name
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1997)

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Writing a column for the BMJ is both a great privilege and an onerous duty. Over 100 000 doctors from all across the world constitute an unparalleled arena in which to project my prejudices and lament my uncertainties. But writing for a journal which is already at the cutting edge of medical progress is a daunting challenge. How do I make my column stand out amid all this medical excellence? How do I shout loud enough that my voice be heard?

For shouting too loud can be a perilous jade. I write by stream of consciousness; the quirk, the …

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Treatment of Young Investigators in the National Cancer Program&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J T Kalberer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

To ascertain whether young investigators (those 35 years of age and under) receive equitable treatment in the National Cancer Institute's (NCI) peer review process, we analyzed recommendation and award rates for new traditional grant applicants for 3 fiscal years (nine cycles of review). The more than 4,500 applications studied showed markedly higher recommendation and award rates for younger investigators than for senior scientists; a peak award rate differential of 15% was reached. The study also revealed that young scientists submitted just one-fourth of all the traditional grant applications sent to NCI and received less than one-third of the funds awarded. These results were consistent throughout the National Institutes of Health. As a follow-up, survey results are reported that assess researchers' attitudes and perceptions of the young scientist's role in the current biomedical review system.
SAT0398 Fatigue in Psoriatic Arthritis is Related to Disease Activity Rather than to Demographic Characteristics – an Ancillary Analysis of the Cross-Sectional International PSAID Study of 246 Patients
Authors: L. Gossec, M. de Wit, T. Heiberg, M. Maccarone, A. Balanescu, P. Balint, D. Niedermayer, J.D. Canete, P. Helliwell, U. Kalyoncu, J. Braun, U. Kiltz, K. Otsa, D. Veale, K. de Vlam, R. Scrivo, T. Stamm, J.S. Smolen, T.K. Kvien
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Fatigue is an important aspect of disease for people suffering from psoriatic arthritis (PsA) (ref 1). However, little is known about the factors explaining fatigue in PsA. The causes of fatigue in inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as PsA, spondyloarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis are unclear; fatigue is diversely reported as being related either to patient characteristics, e.g., demographic, psychological and social factors, or to disease characteristics, e.g. disease activity. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the magnitude of fatigue in PsA and to assess if fatigue appears more strongly associated with patient- or with disease-related characteristics. <h3>Methods</h3> <i>Patients:</i> international cross-sectional study of unselected patients with a definite diagnosis of PsA according to the CASPAR criteria, in 13 countries [1]. <i>Magnitude of fatigue</i> was assessed by a numeric rating scale (range 0-10). <i>Factors associated with high fatigue (&gt;5/10)</i> were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. The factors tested for association were patient related characteristics including demographic variables (age, gender, disease duration and country, education level); disease-related characteristics including articular activity (number of tender joints and number of swollen joints), skin activity (current psoriasis of more than 5% body surface); other activity (axial involvement, enthesitis, dactylitis, extra-articular involvement) and structural damage. Other patient reported outcomes including quality of life were not analysed since usually highly associated to fatigue. <h3>Results</h3> Data from 246 patients were analysed: mean age 51.2±13.0 yrs; N=119 (48.8%) males. Most had long-standing disease. Mean (±SD) fatigue was 5.0 (±3.0); 44.7% of patients had a fatigue level above 5 out of 10. High fatigue was well explained (AUC of the model, 0.73) by the following elements in multivariate analysis: higher skin activity (odds ratio, OR=4.7 [1.1; 20.7]), higher tender joint count (OR=1.1 [1.0; 1.1]) and lower education level (OR=0.9 [0.8; 1.0]). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Fatigue levels were high in this population of patients with PsA. High fatigue was explained mainly by disease activity rather than patient-related variables, indicating fatigue may be closely related to the disease process in PsA. Further studies are needed. <h3>References</h3> Gossec et al. PsAID study, EULAR 2013. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2309
OC-070 Systematic review on the prevalence of malnutrition in general practice
Authors: P McGurk, A Cawood, R Stratton, M Elia
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Information on the prevalence of malnutrition in general practice is very limited. This review was undertaken to establish the overall prevalence of malnutrition among adult patients registered with General Practitioners (GP), and also in specific patient groups. <h3>Methods</h3> A literature search was undertaken using standard systematic review methodology on 22 August 2011 using Pub Med (1948–2011), Embase (1980–2011) Cochrane Collaboration (2011), and also by cross referencing. Studies were included if they involved adults ≥18 years, registered at a GP in any country provided they reported the prevalence of malnutrition. They were excluded if the populations were not linked to GP or involved pregnant or lactating women. <h3>Results</h3> Of 54 studies initially identified, only seven met the inclusion criteria (five from the UK). Five set out to establish the prevalence of malnutrition (group 1) but another two reported prevalence (group 2). In group 1 studies the prevalence of malnutrition ranged widely, 0%–12%, with up to 38% being at risk of malnutrition. They involved different methodologies (consecutive patients, random sampling, subjects from larger studies, GP databases) and heterogeneous populations, varying in age (≥18 years (n=2 studies), ≥65 years (n=2), and &gt;90 years (n=1)) and diagnosis/clinical status (Diabetes (n=1), chronic diseases including cancer and CVD (n=1), no “acute illness” (n=1), “apparent wellness” (n=1) and a mixture of health and various diseases (n=1)). They identified malnutrition using Mini Nutritional Assessment (n=2), Body Mass Index (BMI) with varying cut-offs (≤18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, n=1; &lt;20kg/m<sup>2</sup>, n=1), and unintentional weight loss (n=1). Among group 2 studies, one reported a prevalence of only 0.4% in people aged ≥65 years, according to entries about malnutrition in the GP notes extracted from a large randomly selected population (n=75 176) from the General Practice Research Database.<sup>1</sup> The other group 2 study reported a prevalence of 0% among a randomly selected group of subjects ≥75 years using mid-arm circumference, mid-upper arm muscle circumference and triceps skinfold thickness that were less than the 5th centile of reference data of a very different population group. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This systematic review confirms that there is a lack of data on the prevalence of malnutrition in general practice, with relevant studies using different identification methods and populations, making it difficult to establish a reliable overall prevalence. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>Reference</h3> 1. <b>Margolis DJ</b>, Knauss J, Bilker W, <i>et al.</i> Medical conditions as risk factors for pressure ulcers in an outpatient setting. <i>Age Ageing</i> 2003;<b>32</b>:259–64.
SP0154 Non-Radiographic Axial SPA – is IT Early As?
Authors: M. Rudwaleit
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Attempts to diagnose ankylosing spondylitis (AS) earlier based on clinical manifestations and based on MRI as a new imaging modality which is able to depict inflammation without structural damage has led to the concept of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) with its two subentities non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA) and AS. The subentity nr-axSpA is defined by the absence of definite radiographic sacroiliitis that is usually required for the diagnosis of AS. Many subsequent studies including the ASAS classification criteria cohort that analyse the entire spectrum of axial SpA revealed that patients with nr-axSpA are similar to patients with AS in many aspects but are not identical. In these cohorts it was found that nr-axSpA patients were consistently more often females, had less often elevated CRP and had a slightly lower prevalence of HLA-B27 as compared to AS patients. This had led to speculations that male gender and elevated CRP are predictors for progression in axial SpA, including the progression from nr-axSpA to AS. Regarding male gender it was know for a long time that among AS patients males have more severe radiographic damage in the spine than females, and recent studies have indeed confirmed a role for CRP as a predictor of progression in AS. Available data suggest that after 2 years about 10% of patients with nr-axSpA progress to AS. In this context, the implication of the lower prevalence of HLA-B27 among nr-axSpA as compared to AS is less well understood. Potentially, nr-axSpA may harbour a proportion of patients with rather mild disease. Misdiagnosis of nr-axSpA as a result of misinterpretation of clinical symptoms and manifestations or of misinterpretation of imaging findings (MRI) cannot be entirely excluded either. This once more underlines the importance of a correct clinical diagnosis based on clinical judgement and experience and should remind us of the potential misuse of the ASAS classification criteria for axial SpA as diagnostic criteria in patients with back pain. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> M. Rudwaleit Shareholder of: none, Grant/Research support from: none, Consultant for: Abbvie, BMS, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, UCB <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6353
Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) Vs Helical CT for the locorregional staging of pancreatic cancer: prospective comparative trial using histology of surgery piece as the gold standard
Authors: J Lariño-Noia, J Iglesias-García, S Seijo-Rios, M Vilariño-Insua, A Lozano-Leon, JE Dominguez-Muñoz
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Accuracy of helical CT for locorregional staging and resectability of pancreatic cancer is limited. Development of EUS, with a higher resolution for the evaluation of pancreatic diseases, has led to an advance in this important issue in the management of the disease. However, there are very few comparative trials between CT and EUS, using histology as the gold standard. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating the accuracy of EUS at the local staging (T) and lymphatic extension (N) in pancreatic cancer, in comparison with contrast-enhanced helical CT scan, using histology of surgery piece as the gold standard. Methods: 30 consecutive patients (mean age 62 years; range 41–85, 17 male, 13 female) who were operated upon for pancreatic cancer were prospectively included. The preoperative EUS was performed under conscious sedation by the lineal scanning Pentax FG-38UX echoendoscope, by two operators who were blinded for the result of helical CT scan. The intraoperatory and histology findings were used as the gold standard. We evaluated the stage T and N using the TNM classification (AJCC-2002). Data analysis was made using the chi-cuadrado test. Results: 14 patients (46.6%) were classified as T4 stage, and 16 (53.3%) as T3. None of them were T2 or T1. According to N stage, 21 patients (70%) were at N1 stage, and only 9 (30%) were N0. Helical CT made a correct staging TN only in 8 patients (26.6%), compared to 24 patients (80%) correctly evaluated by EUS (p<0.01). T staging was well-made by helical CT in 46.6%, compared to 86.6% by EUS (p<0.05). About T staging, 16 patients (53.3%) were under-staged by the helical CT, and about N staging, 14 patients classified by CT as N0, were N1. With EUS only six patients were wrongly staged (one T4N1 as T3N1, and two T3N1, one as T3N0 and other as T2N0, and two T3N0 as T3N1 and a T4N0 as T2N0). Conclusions: EUS shows a higher accuracy than helical CT for locoregional staging of pancreatic cancer. Routine application of EUS in pancreatic cancer staging will reduce unnecessary surgery in patients wrong classified as resectable.
EVALUATION OF LOCAL HEMODYNAMIC FORCES ACTING ON PLAQUE MAY HELP PREDICT PLAQUE VULNERABILITY: LESSONS FROM COMBINED ANALYSIS OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATION
Authors: Kenzo Uzu, Gilwoo Choi, Hyun Jin Kim, Arjun Roy, Trang Nguyen, Michiel Schaap, Leo Grady, Takayoshi Toba, Shumpei Mori, Tomofumi Takaya, Toshiro Shinke, Bon-Kwon Koo, Charles Taylor, Hiromasa Otake
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
Transient Improvement of Aphasia with Zolpidem
Authors: Laurent Cohen, Bassem Chaaban, Marie-Odile Habert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Transient Improvement of Aphasia with Zolpidemto the editor: There is currently no effective pharmacologic treatment for chronic aphasia, a frequent and incapacitating consequence of hemispheric stroke.We report the case of a 52-year-old right-handed woman, who had a stroke that affected her left insula, putamen, and superior temporal gyrus.Three years later, her speech was still restricted to stereotyped syllables, with not a single
Abstract 2004: Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 regulates Bcl-2 in human cancer: A potential target for cancer therapy
Authors: Mohammad Aminur Rahman, A.R.M. R. Amin, Lydia Koenig, Sreenivas Nannapaneni, Zhuo G. Chen, Dong M. Shin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) is an essential regulator of DNA synthesis and replication that plays an active role in tumor progression. B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) is an anti-apoptotic protein known to promote cell survival. Elevated levels of Bcl-2 have been observed in many cancer types that predict clinical drug resistance. Both RRM2 and Bcl-2 were identified as prognostic factors and indicators of poor patient outcome in several cancers. Therefore, we hypothesized that RRM2 and Bcl-2 proteins might have cooperative functions in cancer progression. We examined correlations of RRM2 and Bcl-2 protein in tissue samples of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients by using quantum dots (QDs)-immunofluorescence (IHF) which allows quantification of biomarkers simultaneously in the same tissue slide. A total of 19 cases in each of HNSCC and NSCLC were analyzed. Spearman's correlation coefficient was estimated to measure the relationship between these two proteins. Our data demonstrate highly significant positive correlation between RRM2 and Bcl-2 in both types of cancer (HNSCC: R=0.98, p-value &amp;lt;0.0001; NSCLC: R=0.85, p-value &amp;lt;0.0001). We further investigated the action mechanism of RRM2 and Bcl-2 in cancer progression and explored the role of RRM2 by utilizing siRNA-mediated gene silencing. siRNA knockdown of RRM2 strongly inhibited cell growth and led to apoptosis. Our results demonstrated that overexpression of Bcl-2 protected cells from apoptosis triggered by RRM2 knockdown, indicating that Bcl-2 is a key determinant in controlling intrinsic apoptosis. We further analyzed whether Bcl-2 was regulated by RRM2 at the transcriptional level or at the protein level by post-translational modification. RRM2 most likely regulates Bcl-2 not only at a transcriptional level but also at the post-translational level. We found that RRM2 and Bcl-2 proteins were co-localized and directly interacted. RRM2 depletion significantly increased the rate of Bcl-2 protein degradation, reducing its half-life from ∼9 hours to ∼2 hours. Our study offers a promising approach to Bcl-2 inhibition through targeting RRM2 with siRNA in HNSCC and NSCLC. A protein network-based functional mechanism is defined by which RRM2 regulates Bcl-2-mediated apoptosis. Our novel findings add to the emerging regulatory effects of RRM2 on tumor growth by modulation of Bcl-2. (This work is supported by grants from NIH U01CA151802, P50CA128613 and DOD W81XWH-07-1-0306). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2004. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2004
PWE-293 Low glycaemic index dietary intervention for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the general population—a randomised controlled trial
Authors: V W-S Wong, R S-M Chan, G L-H Wong, B H-K Cheung, W C-W Chu, H L-Y Chan, J Woo
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Low glycaemic index diet improves insulin sensitivity and adiposity. Its effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. <h3>Methods</h3> This was a single-blind, randomised controlled trial of NAFLD patients aged 18–70 years who were recruited through population screening. All patients were instructed to exercise around 90 min/week, and were randomised to participate in a low glycaemic index dietary intervention programme or receive usual care. The dietary intervention programme was led by dietitians and consisted of education on food components, interpretation of food labels, food exchanges, healthy eating out techniques and cooking methods. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with resolution of NAFLD at month 12, defined as intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG) &lt;5% by proton-magnetic resonance spectroscopy. <h3>Results</h3> At the time of analysis, 104 patients (51 in the intervention group and 53 in the control group) had completed month 12 assessment. The adherence to the intervention programme was excellent, with attendance over 80%. Resolution of NAFLD occurred in 35 (69%) patients in the intervention group and 11 (21%) in the control group (p&lt;0.001). IHTG decreased from 11.7±6.2% to 4.8±4.6% in the intervention group but remained static from 11.7±6.9% to 9.7±6.7% in the control group (mean difference in IHTG change 4.9%; 95% CI 2.6% to 7.1%). Reduced body mass index (BMI) was observed in the intervention group first at month 3 and maintained through month 12. At month 12, BMI decreased by 9.2±7.8% from baseline in the intervention group, compared to 1.1±5.5% in the control group (p&lt;0.001). By multivariate analysis, dietary intervention (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.1 to 15.4), baseline IHTG (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.93) and percentage change in BMI (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.68 to 0.89) were independent factors associated with NAFLD resolution. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Low glycaemic index dietary intervention is effective in reducing liver fat in NAFLD patients in the general population. (This study was supported in part by the Nutritional Research Foundation of the UK and the Centre for Nutritional Studies, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong. <h3>Clinical trial registration number</h3> ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00868933. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.