tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Serratia Sepsis and Spontaneous Abortion
Authors: Brent J. Prosser, James Horton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: In pregnancy, sepsis is a potentially severe threat to both mother and fetus. We describe a case of Serratia marcescens chorioamnionitis associated with bacteremia and spontaneous abortion. A 38-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0) with a 19-week intrauterine pregnancy presented with a history of intermittent fevers (a temperature of up to 103°F [39.4°C]) for three weeks. Her only other symptom before admission was malaise. A physical examination was unremarkable except for an appropriately gravid abdomen. The findings on gynecologic examination were normal and included intact membranes. Laboratory studies revealed a white-cell count of 24,700 per cubic millimeter, . . .
Competing Risk of Death in Kaplan-Meier Curves When Analyzing Subsequent Keratinocyte Cancer
Authors: Joris A. C. Verkouteren, Tamar Nijsten, Loes M. Hollestein
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A multi-task graph-clustering approach for chromosome conformation capture data sets identifies conserved modules of chromosomal interactions
Authors: Alireza Fotuhi Siahpirani, Ferhat Ay, Sushmita Roy
Journal: Genome biology (2016)

Chromosome conformation capture methods are being increasingly used to study three-dimensional genome architecture in multiple cell types and species. An important challenge is to examine changes in three-dimensional architecture across cell types and species. We present Arboretum-Hi-C, a multi-task spectral clustering method, to identify common and context-specific aspects of genome architecture. Compared to standard clustering, Arboretum-Hi-C produced more biologically consistent patterns of conservation. Most clusters are conserved and enriched for either high- or low-activity genomic signals. Most genomic regions diverge between clusters with similar chromatin state except for a few that are associated with lamina-associated domains and open chromatin.
Synchronous Metastatic Rectal Cancer Completely Resected After Multidisciplinary Planning and Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Hans F Schoellhammer, Gagandeep Singh, Lucille Leong
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

Colorectal cancer is a common and significant public health concern. The liver is the most common site of metastasis, and colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) may affect up to 60% of patients at some time during the course of their disease. Approximately 25% of patients are found to have synchronous CRLM at the time of diagnosis, and these patients have a worse prognosis than those who develop metastases later in their disease course. In the absence of extrahepatic disease, resection of CRLM with negative margins along with chemotherapy can lead to a 5-year overall survival rate of up to 60%. This report presents the case of a 48-year-old man diagnosed with rectal cancer and synchronous liver metastases that a multidisciplinary tumor board initially deemed to be unresectable because of large size and insufficient future liver remnant. The patient underwent FOLFOX chemotherapy with bevacizumab and experienced conversion to resectable hepatic disease. After neoadjuvant short-course radiation treatment to the rectum, the patient underwent combined low anterior resection of the rectum and a right hepatectomy and was rendered disease-free. The management of the patient’s clinical course with correlation to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Rectal Cancer is presented in this report, including discussion of the role of chemotherapy in the conversion of CRLM to resectable status, the role of surgical metastasectomy, and postoperative surveillance of patients with colorectal cancer.
Abstract 17525: Warfarin Promotes Progressive Coronary Arterial Calcification: Insights From Serial Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: Jordan Andrews, Ozgur Bayturan, Mingyuan Shao, Brian Stegman, Mohamed Elshazly, Samir Kapadia, E. Murat Tuzcu, Steven Nissen, Stephen Nicholls, Rishi Puri
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Warfarin blocks the synthesis and activity of matrix Gla protein (MGP), a vitamin K-dependent inhibitor of arterial calcification. The impact of warfarin on coronary arterial calcification in vivo is unknown. This study compared serial changes in coronary percent atheroma volume (PAV) and calcium index (CaI) in patients treated with and without warfarin. Hypothesis: Serial changes in coronary CaI are greater in warfarin-treated patients compared with those not on warfarin, independent of changes in PAV Methods: In a patient-level analysis of 8 prospective randomized trials using serial coronary intravascular ultrasound, we compared changes in PAV and CaI in matched arterial segments in patients with coronary artery disease treated with (n=171) and without (n=4129) warfarin during an 18-24-month period. Results: Patients (age 57.9±9.2 yrs; male 73%; prior and concomitant statin use: 73 and 97% respectively) demonstrated an overall increase in PAV by 0.18±0.06% (p=0.003 compared with baseline) and CaI [median (IQR)] by 0.04 (0.00, 0.11) (p &lt;0.001 compared with baseline). Following propensity-weighted adjustment for clinical trial, clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters, there was no difference in annualized ΔPAV in the presence and absence of warfarin treatment (0.08±0.05 vs. 0.13±0.04%, p=0.41). Following adjustment for PAV, a greater annualized increase in CaI was observed in warfarin treated patients [median (IQR) 0.03 (0.0-0.08) vs. no-warfarin: 0.02 (0.0-0.06) p&lt;0.001)]. In a sensitivity analysis evaluating a 1:1 matched cohort (n=164 per group), significantly greater annualized changes in CaI were also observed in warfarin-treated patients. In a multivariable model, warfarin independently associated with an increasing CaI [Odds Ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.12 (1.01, 1.24), p=0.027]. Conclusion: Warfarin therapy associates with progressive coronary atheroma calcification, independent of changes in atheroma volume. The impact of these changes on plaque stability and cardiovascular outcomes require further investigation.
The Role of Cortisone in the Treatment of Severe Bronchial Asthma
Authors: Walter S. Burrage, John W. Irwin, Ina Gram Petersen, Priscilla Gordon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

CORTISONE has become increasingly available for therapy, and many investigators1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 have reported its dramatic role in the relief of asthmatic attacks; yet the mechanism by which it relieves symptoms is still unknown. All are now in agreement that asthma returns once cortisone therapy is stopped, and the proper management of bronchial asthma, therefore, still must be primarily concerned with an attempt to make an etiologic diagnosis. This study considers the selection of appropriate cases for the administration of cortisone and optimal dosage levels.Selection of CasesWe have found cortisone useful in the following types of severe asthma: patients with . . .
Renal Effects of Acute Expansion of Plasma Volume in Cirrhosis
Authors: Zdravko R. Vlahcevic, Nabel F. Adham, Hershel Jick, Edward W. Moore, Thomas C. Chalmers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

GLOMERULAR filtration rate and renal plasma flow may be sharply reduced in patients with advanced cirrhosis.1 2 3 4 Reduction of glomerular filtration and deficient urine volume in these patients is probably related to decreased "effective" plasma volume secondary to persistent sequestration of blood in the splanchnic bed. The term "effective" plasma volume should be differentiated from "total" plasma volume, which may be increased in these patients.5,6 Expansion of plasma volume in patients with cirrhosis can be achieved with the reinfusion of ascites7 or albumin alone.8 Such treatments have been reported to increase urine volume, sodium excretion and glomerular filtration rate.7 8 9 10 11 12 The . . .
Amelioration of sepsis by TIE2 activation–induced vascular protection
Authors: Sangyeul Han, Seung-Jun Lee, Kyung Eun Kim, Hyo Seon Lee, Nuri Oh, Inwon Park, Eun Ko, Seung Ja Oh, Yoon-Sook Lee, David Kim, Seungjoo Lee, Dae Hyun Lee, Kwang-Hoon Lee, Su Young Chae, Jung-Hoon Lee, Su-Jin Kim, Hyung-Chan Kim, Seokkyun Kim, Sung Hyun Kim, Chungho Kim, Yoshikazu Nakaoka, Yulong He, Hellmut G. Augustin, Junhao Hu, Paul H. Song, Yong-In Kim, Pilhan Kim, Injune Kim, Gou Young Koh
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2016)

Vascular protection through TIE2 activation is a potential treatment strategy to ameliorate sepsis.
S66 Caffeine Inhibits TGFβ Activation by Epithelial Cells, Interrupts Fibroblast Responses to TGFβ, and Reduces Pulmonary Fibrosis in<i>Ex Vivo</i>Precision-cut Lung Slices
Authors: AL Tatler, J Barnes, A Habgood, A Goodwin, R McAnulty, RG Jenkins
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3></h3> Caffeine (1, 3, 7-tri-methylxanthine) is a common food additive found naturally in many products. It is a non-selective competitive antagonist of G-protein coupled adenosine receptors and can inhibit phosphodiesterases. Caffeine has anti-fibrotic effects in the liver and increased caffeine consumption has been associated with reduced liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. The effect of caffeine on pulmonary fibrosis has not been investigated, however, it has been shown to inhibit TGFβ-induced Smad signalling in epithelial cells. This study aimed to investigate the anti-fibrotic effects of caffeine in the lung using lung epithelial cells, fibroblasts and an <i>ex vivo</i> precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) model of fibrosis. Immortalised human bronchial epithelial cells (iHBECs) and primary human lung fibroblasts from were used. TGFβ activation was assessed using an <i>in vitro</i> TGFβ reporter cell assay and assessment of phosphorylated Smad2. Expression of pro-fibrotic genes was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Proliferation of fibroblasts was assessed by brdU incorporation assay. Finally, the effect of caffeine on established lung fibrosis was investigated <i>ex vivo </i>using PCLS. Mice were instilled with saline or 60 IU bleomycin and PCLS obtained after 28 days. PCLS were treated with increasing concentrations of caffeine for five days prior to measurement of collagen by high-performance liquid chromatography. Viability of the PCLS following caffeine treatment was assessed by MTT assay. Caffeine induced a concentration-dependent decrease in TGFβ activation in iHBECs but had no effect on TGFβ activation in lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, caffeine reduced expression of the TGFβ-inducible genes <i>PAI1</i> and <i>Col1A</i> and reduced <i>TGFB1</i> transcript in epithelial cells. Additionally, caffeine reduced TGFβ-induced proliferation of lung fibroblasts and reduced expression of pro-fibrotic genes including <i>COL1A </i>and <i>ACTA2</i>. Crucially, <i>ex vivo</i> treatment of fibrotic PCLS from bleomycin treated animals with caffeine caused a dose-dependent reduction in collagen deposition after five days. Caffeine had no effect on collagen deposition in PCLS isolated from saline treated animals nor did caffeine affect tissue viability in PCLS from either saline or bleomycin treated animals. In conclusion, caffeine has anti-fibrotic effects in the lung via concomitant inhibition of epithelial TGF activation and fibroblast responses to TGFb.
IMCT-20ASSOCIATION OF SURVIVAL AND PROGRESSION-FREE SURVIVAL WITH IMMUNE RESPONSE IN HLA-A2+ NEWLY-DIAGNOSED GBM PATIENTS IN RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED PHASE 2 TRIAL OF DENDRITIC CELL (DC) IMMUNOTHERAPY WITH ICT-107
Authors: Patrick Wen, David Reardon, Surasak Phuphanich, Robert Aiken, Joseph Landolfi, Wlliam Curry, Jay-Jiguang Zhu, Michael Glantz, David Peereboom, James Markert, Renato Larocca, Donald O'Rourke, Karen Fink, Lyndon Kim, Michael Gruber, Glenn Lesser, Ed Pan, Radleigh Santos, Clemencia Pinilla, John Yu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

BACKGROUND: Clinical outcomes were associated with immune response of HLA-A2+ patients enrolled in a randomized phase 2 trial of ICT-107. METHODS: 124 patients (77 HLA-A2+), randomized 2:1, received ICT-107 (autologous DCs incubated with 6 synthetic peptide CTL epitopes targeting GBM tumor/stem cell-associated antigens MAGE-1, HER-2, AIM-2, TRP-2, gp100, and IL-13Rα2) or matching control (un-incubated DC). Immune response was determined by a functional ELISPOT assay pre- and post-treatment (ICT-107 30.5% vs. 15.5% in controls). Determination of p-values and significance between dependent variables and overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS) was performed using log-rank test. Fisher's exact tests were performed for association between extended overall survival (EOS: OS > 22.2 months) and extended progression-free survival (EPFS: PFS > 16.5 months) and the same variables. RESULTS: HLA-A2+ patients showed evidence of immune response being associated with both OS and PFS. After determining HLA-A2 ELISPOT responders (responders) using a comprehensive scoring system, responders had a median OS of 23.1 months versus 13.7 for non-responders (p = 0.0673). Similarly, responders had an EOS percentage of 52% versus 29% non-responders (p = 0.0615). Further, responders had a significantly higher percentage of EPFS (41% versus 15%, p = 0.0259). When censored to 7.5 months post-treatment, immune response was found to significantly improve OS (median 17.6 months versus 13.7, p = 0.0018). Level of IL-12 production can be linked to survival. High IL-12 producers had a median OS of 20.6 compared to 15.4 for low producers (p = 0.0515). Within the treatment group, the difference was larger, with medians of 23.3 months versus 15.2 (p = 0.0654), and high producers had a significantly higher percentage of EOS (54% versus 31%, p = 0.0426) and EPFS (43% versus 19%, p = 0.0293). CONCLUSIONS: The associations identified between clinical outcomes of OS and PFS with immunologic response provide support for the efficacy of ICT-107 in HLA-A2+ patients due to a biologic T cell response.
Lymphotoxin β receptor signalling executes<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-driven gastric inflammation in a T4SS-dependent manner
Authors: Raquel Mejías-Luque, Jessica Zöller, Florian Anderl, Elena Loew-Gil, Michael Vieth, Thure Adler, Daniela B Engler, Sabine Urban, Jeffrey L Browning, Anne Müller, Markus Gerhard, Mathias Heikenwalder
Journal: Gut (2016)

<h3>Objective</h3> Lymphotoxin β receptor (LTβR) signalling has been implicated in inflammation-associated tumour development in different tissues. We have analysed the role of LTβR and alternative NF-κB signalling in <i>Helicobacter pylori-</i>mediated gastric inflammation and pathology. <h3>Design</h3> We analysed several ligands and receptors of the alternative NF-κB pathway, RelB, p52 nuclear translocation and target genes in tissue samples of <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients with different degrees of gastritis or early gastric tumours by in situ hybridisation, immunohistochemistry, Western blot and real-time PCR analyses. Molecular mechanisms involved in LTβR activation by <i>H. pylori</i> were assessed in vitro using human gastric cancer cell lines and distinct <i>H. pylori</i> isolates. The effects of blocking or agonistically activating LTβR on gastric pathology during challenge with a human pathogenic <i>H. pylori</i> strain were studied in a mouse model. <h3>Results</h3> Among the tested candidates, LT was significantly increased and activated alternative NF-κB signalling was observed in the gastric mucosa of <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients. <i>H. pylori</i>induced LTβR–ligand expression in a type IV secretion system-dependent but CagA-independent manner, resulting in activation of the alternative NF-κB pathway, which was further enhanced by blocking canonical NF-κB during infection. Blocking LTβR signalling in vivo suppressed <i>H. pylori-</i>driven gastritis, whereas LTβR activation in gastric epithelial cells of infected mice induced a broadened pro-inflammatory chemokine milieu, resulting in exacerbated pathology. <h3>Conclusions</h3> LTβR-triggered activation of alternative NF-κB signalling in gastric epithelial cells executes <i>H. pylori</i>-induced chronic gastritis, representing a novel target to restrict gastric inflammation and pathology elicited by <i>H. pylori</i>, while exclusively targeting canonical NF-κB may aggravate pathology by enhancing the alternative pathway.
Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Miguel Pastrana, Cristina Muñoz-Linares, Emilio Ojeda, Rafael Fores, Beatriz Brea, Martin Cabero, Daniel Morillo, Guiomar Bautista, Belen Navarro, Isabel Krsnik, Almudena de LaIglesia, Santiago Gil, Carmen Regidor, Jose Luis Bueno, Jose A Garcia-Marco, Jose Rafael Cabrera
Journal: Blood (2013)
Treatment of Pathologic Laughing and Weeping with Amitriptyline
Authors: Randolph B. Schiffer, Robert M. Herndon, Richard A. Rudick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Patients with bilateral forebrain disease may commonly manifest the syndrome of pathologic laughing and weeping. We investigated the efficacy of low-dose amitriptyline in 12 patients in whom this syndrome was a consequence of multiple sclerosis. In a double-blind crossover study comparing amitriptyline with placebo, eight patients experienced dramatic and significant improvement with amitriptyline (P = 0.02). The mean dose of amitriptyline was 57.8 mg per day and did not exceed 75 mg per day in any patient. Concurrent measurements of depression showed no change during the study. We conclude that amitriptyline is effective in the treatment of this disturbance of affective expression, and that this effect is distinct from the antidepressant effect of the medication. (N Engl J Med 1985; 312:1480–2.)
Effect of Diphenylhydantoin and Phenobarbital on Overt and Latent Tetany
Authors: Marcus Schaaf, Charles A. Payne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE association of laryngismus, tetany and convulsions has been recognized since 1887, when Cheadle1 referred to them as "the positive, comparative and superlative of the convulsive state in children." Many subsequent reports have confirmed this relation, and the proper evaluation of any patient with convulsive seizures now includes a search for underlying hypocalcemia. This possibility is often difficult to exclude on clinical grounds alone. Frank tetany with carpal spasm, although it can scarcely be mistaken for anything else, is seldom seen, and the hypocalcemic patient more often presents so-called tetanic equivalents such as transient paresthesias, vague muscular complaints and emotional . . .
Sex Differences in the Progression of Aortic Stenosis and Prognostic Implication
Authors: Virginia Nguyen, Tiffany Mathieu, Maria Melissopoulou, Claire Cimadevilla, Isabelle Codogno, Virginie Huart, Xavier Duval, Alec Vahanian, David Messika-Zeitoun
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2016)
Mometasone Furoate (MF) Improves Lung Function in Pediatric Asthma: A Dose-Ranging Study of MF Metered-Dose Inhaler (MDI)
Authors: Niran J. Amar, Tulin Shekar, Tracey Varnell, Anish Mehta, George Philip
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
Abstract 5537: Nanoparticle delivery of an SN38 conjugate is more effective than Irinotecan in a mouse model of Neuroblastoma
Authors: Radhika Iyer, Jamie L. Croucher, Michael Chorny, Jennifer L. Mangino, Ivan S. Alferiev, Robert J. Levy, Venkatadri Kolla, Garrett M. Brodeur
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common and deadly solid tumor in childhood. The majority of NB patients have advanced stage disease and a poor prognosis, so more effective, less toxic therapy is needed. We wanted to determine if more targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents would improve efficacy and reduce systemic toxicity. We developed a novel nanocarrier-based strategy for tumor-targeted delivery of a prodrug of SN38, the active metabolite of irinotecan. Experimental Design: We formulated ultrasmall-sized (&amp;lt;100 nm) biodegradable poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol) based nanoparticles (NPs) containing SN38 conjugated to tocopherol succinate (SN38-TS). We assessed alternative dosing schedules of SN38-TS NPs compared to irinotecan. An equivalent dose of SN38-TS NPs given 1x/2wk x 4 weeks (2 doses) had identical efficacy to irinotecan given 5x/wk x 4 weeks (20 doses), but none were cured. We then compared irinotecan 5x/wk x 8 weeks (40 doses) to SN38-TS NPs given 2x/wk x 4 weeks, 1x/wk x 8 weeks, and 2x/wk x 8 weeks (8, 8, and 16 doses, respectively). Results: All SN38-TS NP regimens were far superior to irinotecan, and “cures” were obtained in all NP arms (no cures with irinotecan). SN38-TS NP delivery resulted in 200x the amount of SN38 in NB tumors at 4 hr post-treatment, and 25% of the 4-hr SN38 level remained at 72 hr post-treatment, compared to no SN38 detected at 24 hr post-treatment for the irinotecan arm; no toxicity was seen with NPs. Conclusions: We conclude that this SN38-TS NP formulation improved delivery, retention, and efficacy, without causing systemic toxicity. Citation Format: Radhika Iyer, Jamie L. Croucher, Michael Chorny, Jennifer L. Mangino, Ivan S. Alferiev, Robert J. Levy, Venkatadri Kolla, Garrett M. Brodeur. Nanoparticle delivery of an SN38 conjugate is more effective than Irinotecan in a mouse model of Neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5537. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5537
Commentary: Vascular lessons
Authors: Roger N Baird
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Mr Mahon's case1 reminded me of two general matters. Firstly, vascular surgeons need to maintain good communications with urologist colleagues. Over the years, urologists have been a good source of referrals, going as far back as the days when a plain abdominal radiograph would unexpectedly show a calcified abdominal aortic aneurysm during a search for a renal stone or in a patient with acute urinary retention.