tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does major depression result in lasting personality change?
Authors: M T Shea, A C Leon, T I Mueller, D A Solomon, M G Warshaw, M B Keller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

Individuals with a history of depression are characterized by high levels of certain personality traits, particularly neuroticism, introversion, and interpersonal dependency. The authors examined the "scar hypothesis," i.e., the possibility that episodes of major depression result in lasting personality changes that persist beyond recovery from the depression. A large sample of first-degree relatives, spouses, and comparison subjects ascertained in connection with the proband sample from the National Institute of Mental Health Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression were assessed at two points in time separated by an interval of 6 years. Subjects with a prospectively observed first episode of major depression during the interval were compared with subjects remaining well in terms of change from time 1 to time 2 in self-reported personality traits. All subjects studied were well (had no mental disorders) at the time of both assessments. There was no evidence of negative change from premorbid to postmorbid assessment in any of the personality traits for subjects with a prospectively observed first episode of major depression during the interval. The results suggested a possible association of number and length of episodes with increased levels of emotional reliance and introversion, respectively. The findings suggest that self-reported personality traits do not change after a typical episode of major depression. Future studies are needed to determine whether such change occurs following more severe, chronic, or recurrent episodes of depression.
The Antimalarial Agent Artesunate Exerts Its Antimyeloma Activity By Affecting The Mitochondria and The Reactive Oxygen Status Of The Myeloma Cells and Its Efficacy Depends On Intracellular Bivalent Iron Levels
Authors: Xenofon Papanikolaou, Sarah K. Johnson, Tarun K. Garg, Erming Tian, Ruslana Tytarenko, Bart Barlogie, Joshua Epstein, Christoph Heuck
Journal: Blood (2013)
AB0239 Personalized Biological Treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review with a Focus on Clinical Applicability
Authors: B.V. Cuppen, P.M. Welsing, J.J. Sprengers, J.W. Bijlsma, A.C. Marijnissen, J.M. van Laar, F.P. Lafeber, S.C. Nair
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Biological treatments have dramatically improved the outcome of RA patients. A substantial number of patients, however, fails to clinically respond to these therapies. Prediction of therapeutic (non) response before start of treatment could aid in clinical decision making of a personalized treatment approach. Numerous studies have previously addressed this topic. <h3>Objectives</h3> To review studies that address prediction of response to biological treatment in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to explore the added value in clinical applicability of these (bio)markers. <h3>Methods</h3> A search for relevant articles was performed in PUBMED, EMBASE and COCHRANE databases. Studies which presented predictive values or in which these could be calculated were selected. The added value was determined upon sensitivities, specificities and the added value on prior probability for each (bio)marker univariately. An increase/decrease in chance of response of ≥15% was considered clinically relevant enough, whereas in oncology values &gt;25% are common. <h3>Results</h3> Out of the 52 eligible studies, 14 (bio)markers were studied multiple times and were compared for the additive predictive effect of each (bio)marker. Of the replicated predictors, none consistently showed an increase/decrease in chance of response of ≥15%. The TNF-alpha 308 polymorphism modestly predicted response to TNF-alpha inhibitors (decrease of 3.7-30.1%), and rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated antibodies (ACPA) predicted response to rituximab (increase of 1.9-8.9% and 1.1-7.5% resp.). Besides these, 71 (bio)markers studied once, showed remarkably high (but not validated) predictive values. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We were not able to indicate truly clinically useful baseline (bio)markers for individually tailored treatment. Few predictors are consistently predictive yet low in added predictive value, while several others are promising but await replication. The challenge now is to design studies to validate all explored and promising findings individually and in combination, to make these (bio)markers relevant to clinical practice. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
THU0458 Body Mass Index and Body Fat Content Correlate Similarly with Synovial Leptin in Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: C. Orellana, J. Calvet, N. Navarro, M. García Manrique, E. Casado, J. Gratacόs, M. Larrosa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Obesity appears to play a role in the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA) and has been shown to influence pain and disease progression. Leptin is an adipokine involved in body weight regulation and known to show inflammatory effects in high concentrations and has also been implicated in OA physiopathology and pain. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the correlation between different body weight measurements (body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WTHr) and percentage of body fat (%BF)) and synovial fluid leptin in patients with knee osteoarthritis and synovial effusion. <h3>Methods</h3> Cross-sectional study including patients aged 50 years or more with symptomatic knee OA and joint effusion, Kellgren-Lawrence II-III. Demographics, disease duration and body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip radio (WTHr) and percentage of body fat (%BF) were assessed. Percentage of body fat was determined by bio-electrical impedance. Intraarticular leptin levels were analyzed using a Human leptin ELISA kit (Biocompare, California, USA). All patients were evaluated in a fasting condition and approximately at the same time of the day. <h3>Results</h3> Seventy consecutive female patients with symptomatic knee OA and Kellgren-Lawrence II-III were included, age 65±7.8 (50-79) years, disease duration of symptoms 66±49.5 mo (12-200). Mean BMI was 31.5±5.1 kg, mean WTHr 0.94±0.082 and mean %BF 42.34±5.11%. Mean levels of leptin in synovial fluid were 76.76±38.66 ng/mL. BMI and %BF showed similar moderate positive correlation with synovial fluid levels of leptin (r=0.4626 and r=0.4610, respectively), whereas no correlation was found between WTHr and leptin synovial levels (r=0.059). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Both BMI and the percentage of body fat showed a moderate positive correlation with synovial levels of leptin in a similar degree. Thus, synovial leptin may be associated in a similar way with a measure of relative weight as BMI or with a measure reflecting relative fat content. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Experiences in prevention and control of antibiotic resistance in Slovenia
Authors: M Čižman
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

During 1991-1999 a significant increase of consumption of macrolides and fluoroquinolones was observed in Slovenia,and this was associated with significant increase of resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes to macrolides and Escherichia coli to fluoroquinolones, respectively.Between 1999 and 2007 the prevalence of S. pneumoniae resistant to erythromycin increased from 3.7% to 16.8% even though the use of macrolides in the same period decreased from 3.81 to 2.43 defined daily doses (DDD) per 1,000 inhabitants and per day. The co-resistance and the spread of resistant clones were the reason for constant increase in macrolide resistance. Slovenia is one of the few European countries with decreasing prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospital care during the last years. As a result of control measures introduced in 1999,the MRSA prevalence rates decreased from 21.4% in 2000 to 8.3% in 2007.
OP0074 The Effect of Cell-Specific Syk-Deletion on Experimental Autoimmune Arthritis
Authors: T. Nemeth, O. Vilinovszki, K. Szilveszter, A. Mocsai
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Autoimmune arthritides mean heavy burdens both to patients and society, meaning that underlying pathological mechanisms are crucial to be investigated. Our workgroup previously published that the Syk tyrosine kinase is essential in experimental arthritis in mice. Probably, Syk expression in multiple cell lines is responsible for this effect. Neutrophils, platelets and mast cells are important players in experimental arthritis and Syk is a crucial component of their immunoreceptor(-like) signaling pathways among <i>in vitro</i> conditions. <h3>Objectives</h3> Here, we investigated whether Syk expression is required in these cell lines for the development of autoantibody-induced arthritis in mice. <h3>Methods</h3> Neutrophil-, platelet- and mast cell-specific Syk deletion was achieved by crossing MRP8, PF4 or Mcpt5 promoter-driven Cre recombinase transgenic (MRP8-Cre, PF4-Cre or Mcpt5-Cre) animals with Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice (MRP8-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup>, PF4-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> and Mcpt5-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup>, respectively). The efficacy and specificity of lineage-specific deletion was analyzed by Western-blot on neutrophil, platelet and mast cell lysates. Experimental arthritis was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of K/BxN serum and was assessed by clinical scoring, ankle thickness measurements and by testing articular function. <h3>Results</h3> In contrast to the wild type animals, neutrophils of the MRP8-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice, platelets of the PF4-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice and mast cells of Mcpt5-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice did not express Syk, while their macrophages had normal levels of the protein. Interestingly, PF4-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> and Mcpt5-Cre Syk<sup>flox/flox</sup> mice showed a similar disease phenomenon as their wild type controls. The changes of the clinical score, the ankle thickening and the articular dysfunction did not differ significantly in the three groups. Meanwhile, neutrophil-specific Syk deletion resulted in a severe attenuation of the disease. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results indicate that – in contrast to the expectations – the presence of Syk in platelets and mast cells is not required for the development and progression of experimental arthritis, while Syk expression in neutrophils is indispensable for the pathogenesis. <h3>References</h3> Jakus Z, Simon E, Balázs B, Mόcsai A. Genetic deficiency of Syk protects mice from autoantibody-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2010;62:1899-1910. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> T. Németh is a recipient of Bolyai Research Fellowship from the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
OC-111 Diagnostic yield of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the evaluation of idiopathic pancreatitis. a single tertiary referral centre experience
Authors: R Saleem, O Raja, UI Aujla, J Devlin
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Idiopathic acute pancreatitis (IAP) represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. IAP is prone to high recurrence and understanding its aetiology may assist in preventing recurrent episodes and its related morbidity and mortality. Appropriate investigations help to determine the underlying aetiology and can guide further effective management. We describe our experience to evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in patients with unexplained acute pancreatitis in whom cross sectional imaging and conventional laboratory testing had failed to identify the aetiology in a tertiary pancreatico-biliary referral centre. <h3>Method</h3> We retrospectively identified all patients who underwent EUS for assessment of idiopathic acute or recurrent pancreatitis during the period Jan 2007–Dec 2013. All patients had appropriate radiological investigations and no underlying cause identified on transabdominal ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP). Patients with risk factors known to precipitate pancreatitis including alcohol excess, medications, metabolic or autoimmune conditions, were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> 44 patients (male 32, female 12) were identified with a mean age of 50 years (range 21–79 years). 33 (75%) patients had recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis whereas 11 (25%) patients were referred for EUS after a single attack of acute pancreatitis. EUS revealed a cause of pancreatitis in 21/44 (47.7%) patients. Pancreatic duct stones were detected in 10 (22.7%); biliary duct microlithiasis in 4 (9%); pancreatic divisum in 3 (6.8%) and peri-ampullary lesions in 2 (4.5%) patients. One each had a pancreatic duct stricture, biliary duct stricture and one patient was diagnosed with IPMN (intra-papillary mucinous neoplasm). No underlying cause could be found in 23 (52.3%) patients. <h3>Conclusion</h3> EUS demonstrated aetiology in almost half of patients with unexplained acute or recurrent pancreatitis. Our findings support the emerging evidence that EUS is a valuable diagnostic tool in the evaluation of patients with idiopathic pancreatitis and should be considered where initial diagnostic workup including cross sectional imaging remains inconclusive. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
Treatment of advanced breast cancer.
Authors: J Noriega Limón
Journal: BMJ (1969)

PointersRubella: Testing of three live attenuated vaccines produced antibody levels lower than those from natural infection (p.271).Chronic viraemia detected in 10 out of 12 babies con- genitally infected with rubella (p.289).Kidney Disease in Pregnancy: Nineteen patients with nephrotic syndrome were studied
Immunoablation and autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for aggressive multiple sclerosis: a multicentre single-group phase 2 trial
Authors: Harold L Atkins, Marjorie Bowman, David Allan, Grizel Anstee, Douglas L Arnold, Amit Bar-Or, Isabelle Bence-Bruckler, Paul Birch, Christopher Bredeson, Jacqueline Chen, Dean Fergusson, Mike Halpenny, Linda Hamelin, Lothar Huebsch, Brian Hutton, Pierre Laneuville, Yves Lapierre, Hyunwoo Lee, Lisa Martin, Sheryl McDiarmid, Paul O'Connor, Timothy Ramsay, Mitchell Sabloff, Lisa Walker, Mark S Freedman
Journal: The Lancet (2016)
THU0211 Low Dose Etanercept Treatment for Maintenance of Clinical Remission in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: J.W. Park, Y.I. Yoon, S.H. Chang, E.B. Lee, Y.W. Song, E.Y. Lee
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Dose reduction of etanercept after clinical remission in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is not uncommon practice. However, efficacy and optimal schedule of dose tapering is rarely evaluated. <h3>Objectives</h3> To investigate the efficacy and safety of low dose etanercept treatment (25mg or less/week) after clinical remission of AS in real world. <h3>Methods</h3> In this study, 134 AS patients who treated with etanercept for at least 12 months and achieved clinical remission (BASDAI &lt;4 and normal C-reactive protein level) between 2004 and 2013 were enrolled. Dose reduction was performed in 100 patients (low dose group) after achieving clinical remission based on physician9s medical decision. Other 34 patients (standard dose group) maintained the dosage of 50mg/week until discontinuation. Drug survival (time to drug discontinuation due to inefficacy or adverse event) and incidence of significant adverse events were compared between two groups. In patients with low dose group, clinical factors and time to dose reduction associated with longer drug survival were estimated. <h3>Results</h3> Clinical and demographic features were comparable between two groups at the time of starting etanercept except for age (43.4 years in low dose group vs. 52.0 years in standard dose group, p=0.001). In low dose group, median time to dose reduction was 19.5 (10.1-39.6) weeks. During 536.8 person-years (PYs) of follow up, 27 patients stopped etanercept (21/440.9PYs in low dose group and 6/95.9PYs in standard dose group). Crude drug survival of low dose group was not significantly different from that of standard group (98.0% vs. 93.5% at 2 years, 92.1% vs. 89.4% at 3 years and 84.4% vs. 76.2% at 4 years). This finding was consistent after adjustment of clinical factors including age, gender, disease duration, initial BASDAI, concomitant MTX and previous TNF-blocker use (adjusted HR=0.552, 95% C.I. 0.208-1.465) (Figure). Incidence of adverse events which led to discontinuation of etanercept also showed no difference between two groups (40.82/1000PYs in low dose group vs. 52.16/1000PYs in standard dose group, p=0.783). In the subgroup analysis with low dose group, dose reduction after more than 24 weeks of standard dose treatment was significantly associated with longer drug survival after adjustment of other clinical factors (adjusted HR 0.273, 95% C.I. 0.085-0.875). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In patients with AS who achieved clinical remission, low dose etanercept treatment showed comparable long-term efficacy and safety in real world. Among various strategies of dose reduction, more than 24 weeks of standard dose treatment before adjustment was associated with longer drug survival. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
AB0091 Synovial Fluid Hyaluronan Regulates Multipotiental Stromal Cell Attachment to Cartilage a Novel Mechanism Contributing to Knee Joint Distraction Repair in Osteoarthritis
Authors: T. Baboolal, S. Mastbergen, S. Calder, F. Lafeber, E. Jones, D. McGonagle
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Knee joint distraction (KJD) is a novel, but poorly understood, treatment for osteoarthritis (OA) associated with remarkable "spontaneous" cartilage repair in which resident synovial fluid (SF) multipotential stromal cells (MSCs) may play a role. We hypotheses SF hyaluronic acid (HA) may inhibit the initial interaction between MSCs and cartilage, a key first step to integration, and that KJD environment may favour MSC/cartilage interactions. <h3>Methods</h3> Human cartilage was used in an <i>in vitro</i> model with dual-labelled SF-MSC, OA and rheumatoid arthritic (RA) SF. SF was digested with hyaluronidase (Hyase) and its effect on adhesion observed using confocal microscopy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confocal microscopy were used to image autologous dual-labelled MSCs in an <i>in vivo</i> canine model of KJD. SF-HA was investigated using gel electrophoresis and densitometry. <h3>Results</h3> Hyase treatment of OA-SF only, significantly increased MSC/cartilage adhesion (3.7 fold, p&lt;0.05). There was a clear difference in the ability of Hayse to increase adhesion in OA compared to RA-SF (p&lt;0.001). We attribute this difference to the formation of a HA-coat which was ∼50% larger in OA than RA-SF. OA-SF contained more &gt;9MDa HA and this correlated with increases in adhesion (r=0.880). I<i>n vivo</i>, MSC adhesion to cartilage was also dependent on HA MW. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These findings highlight an as yet unappreciated role of SF-HA and provide proof of concept that endogenous SF-MSCs are capable of adhering to cartilage in a favourable biochemical and biomechanical environment in OA distracted joints, offering novel one-stage strategies towards joint repair in OA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
Exacerbation of schizophrenia associated with amantadine
Authors: Z Nestelbaum, S G Siris, A Rifkin, H Klar, G T Reardon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Administration of amantadine was associated with psychotic decompensations in two schizophrenic patients being maintained on concomitant neuroleptic medication. Despite a postulated dopaminergic mechanism, there seems to have been only one previous report of amantadine's precipitating psychosis in a schizophrenic patient.
Immunochemotherapy of Malignant Melanoma With Chlorambucil-Bound Antimelanoma Globulins: Preliminary Results in Patients With Disseminated Disease2
Authors: T. Ghose, S. T. Norvell, A. Guclu, A. Bodurtha, J. Tai, A. S. MacDonald
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Thirteen consecutive patients with inoperable recurrent malignant melanoma were treated by immunochemotherapy with the use of chlorambucil noncovalently bound to goat or rabbit antihuman melanoma globulins. The next consecutive 11 patients fulfilling the criteria for admission into this study were treated with chemotherapy only, i.e., dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC). Follow-up was for a minimum of 29 months or until death. Two patients showing an objective response to immunochemotherapy had disease confined to lymph nodes and cutaneous sites; 5 others showed stabilization of cutaneous, nodal, and visceral disease, and 6 patients showed progression of their disease. The median survival of the responders and stabilizers was 20 months, but only 3.5 months for patients with disease progression. None of the 11 patients treated with OTIC had objective tumor regression, and all died within 11 months of the start of treatment with a median survival of 3 months. Immunochemotherapy significantly prolonged the survival compared to that in the OTIC-treated group (P<0.05). No hematologic or renal toxicity was detected after immunochemotherapy, but 2 patients in this group developed anaphylactic reactions. Skin reactivity tests to dinitrochlorobenzene and purified protein derivative were of no prognostic value.
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Night Intersection&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2010)

“Art, it's a bridge between heaven and earth,” said Charmion von Wiegand (1896-1983), and her quest for the transcendent put her on an adventurous path of artistic exploration. As new ideas came her way, she in turn conveyed them to the world through works of geometric abstraction.