tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1272: Targeting glioma stem cells through death receptor activation by AdsTRAIL
Authors: Vinay K. Puduvalli, Yuanfang Liu, Howard Colman, Frederick Lang, Jihong Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Emerging data suggests that human malignant gliomas may be sustained by the activity of a subpopulation of cells which have stem like characteristics; these glioma stem cells (GSC) exhibit resistance to conventional treatments and constitute novel targets for therapeutic strategies against these malignancies. The goal of this study was to examine whether GSC could be targeted using AdsTRAIL, an adenoviral vector expressing soluble TRAIL and to determine if AdsTRAIL effects could be potentiated by suppressing inhibitors of TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Analysis of expression of TRAIL activated death receptor pathway components showed that DR4, DR5, FADD and Caspase 8 were expressed in the majority of GSC although some cell lines expressed only one of the death receptors (DR4 or DR5). Several cell lines also showed high level of expression of survivin, an anti-apoptosis protein. Treatment of GSC, cultured as tumor spheres in stem cell medium, with AdsTRAIL resulted in dissociation of spheres into a single cell suspension and induction of apoptosis dose and time dependent manner, changes which were not seen in the AdEGFP control; no morphologic changes or induction of apoptosis was seen in GSC spheres treated with purified soluble TRAIL. To determine if induction of apoptosis by AdsTRAIL could be enhanced by suppressing inhibitors of TRAIL induced apoptosis, GSC were treated with AdXAF1, an adenoviral construct expressing XAF1, an endogenous inhibitor of XIAP, prior to exposure to AdsTRAIL. Viability was monitored by expression of the fluorescent marker EGFP in the treated cells. The combination of AdsTRAIL and AdXAF1 potently induced apoptosis to a greater degree than either agent alone. These results suggest that despite their resistance to conventional therapeutic agents such as chemotherapy and radiation, glioma stem cells could potentially be targeted by apoptosis inducing biological agents such as AdsTRAIL. Further characterization of the effects of AdsTRAIL against GSC is required to fully assess the potential of this agent against treatment resistant malignant gliomas. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1272.
Tests for Esophageal Syndrome May Help Reduce Cancer Risk
Authors: J. Randal
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Tests for Esophageal Syndrome May Help Reduce Cancer Risk Get access Judith Randal Judith Randal Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 17, 7 September 1994, Pages 1270–1272, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.17.1270 Published: 07 September 1994
A rare endoscopic feature of eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: J. Gill, J. Shutter, P. Brady
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 61-year-old woman without any significant past medical history, presented to the clinic with 3 months of heartburn, dysphagia, and recent regurgitation of food. She had taken antacids and acid suppressive therapy without improvement of her symptoms. She denied weight loss, melena, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory use. Her physical exam, including vitals and abdominal exam, was normal. Laboratory data including a complete blood count, and comprehensive metabolic panel, were all unremarkable. An upper endoscopy demonstrated multiple sessile polyps < 5 mm in diameter in the upper two-thirds of the esophagus, all of which were removed with cold forceps ([Fig. 1]). Linear furrows were also noted throughout the esophagus. ([Fig. 2]). The rest of the upper gastrointestinal tract was normal. Histological examination of the esophageal polyps revealed polypoid squamous mucosa with increased numbers of intraepithelial lymphocytes and > 70 eosinophils per high power field ([Fig. 3]). The patient was subsequently placed on fluticasone, and on follow up all of her symptoms had resolved.
Systemic Administration of Human Leukocyte Interferon to Melanoma Patients. II. Cellular Events Associated With Changes in Natural Killer Cytotoxicity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;, &lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S H Golub, P D'Amore, M Rainey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Treatment of patients with malignant melanoma with daily doses of human leukocyte interferon (IFN) resulted in natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity that increased during the 1st week of treatment and subsequently declined to pretreatment levels despite continued IFN administration; events involved in these changes were examined. The increased cytotoxicity was associated with an increased number of cells able to bind K562 targets and an increased proportion of cells able to mediate cytolysis of K562 targets. The period of increasing NK activity was also associated with an increased ability to generate in vitro cytotoxic effectors against K562 targets by stimulation with allogeneic lymphoblastoid cells. The responding cells in this system were depleted of NK activity by adherence to immune complexes. These results suggested that increased NK activity during week 1 of in vivo treatment was associated with augmentation of the development of NK cells from noncytotoxic precursors in addition to direct effects on NK cells. In contrast, the decline in NK activity appeared to be primarily a direct effect on NK cells, because these cells could no longer be augmented in vitro by additional IFN. The refractory state to IFN augmentation of cytotoxicity was limited to the period of IFN treatment in vivo, and responsiveness to IFN was promptly regained upon cessation of treatment. No evidence for the development of suppressor cells of NK effector function could be obtained.
Detection of a Right Carotid Focus of 18F-FDG Predicted an Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Ophélie Bélissant, Laurence Champion, Jean-Louis Alberini
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

A 60-year-old woman was referred into our department for staging of an endometrial carcinoma. In addition to peritoneal and nodes metastases, F-FDG PET/CT showed a calcified plaque of the right carotid with focal uptake. One month later, the patient presented left hemiparesis, suggesting a right hemisphere stroke. MRI confirmed frontal infarction in the anterior cerebral artery territory. F-FDG is suggested to be a valuable tool to detect vessel wall inflammation; detection of focal arterial uptake on PET/CT suggests unstable plaque and requires urgent patient's management to prevent vascular events in a population already weakened by both disease and therapy.
THU0072 Frequency of falls and fall-related risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: N. Toroptsova, O. Nikitinskaya
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a risk factor of osteoporosis. RA patients have impaired levels of physical activity and postural stability, so we can suggest that they have increased risk of falls. Osteoporosis and falls lead to fractures, which contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality of these patients. <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the frequency of falls, define related risk factors and quality of life in RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> We performed a case-control study of RA patients (n=94 and mean age 62,5±7,1) and people without RA (n=92 and mean age 63,3±7,1). The participants completed risk factors questionnaire, Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) and performed Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Disease activity and intensity of pain were assessed in RA patients with DAS28 and VAS. Bone density (BMD) was measured in lumbar spine and proximal hip using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery A) in all participants. <h3>Results</h3> More RA patients had a history of previous fall during 1 year before the study compared with controls (31% vs 17%, p=0.03). RA patients had atraumatic fractures at younger age than control (55±15 vs 66±20 years old), they were more fearful of falling and had abnormal SPPB test (p&lt;0.05), especially in performing gait speed test and chair stand test (p&lt;0.05), but no difference among 2 groups in performing balance test. RA woman complained on insomnia more often than control (p&lt;0.05). Among RA patients fallers did not differ from non-fallers in age, disease duration, use of medications (except glucocoticosteroids), visual acuity. RA fallers had significantly higher DAS28, pain intensity, received more high daily dose of glucocoticosteroids (p=0.04), and had less EQ-5D. They less consumed supplements of calcium and vitamin D (p&lt;0.05). Low BMD at least in one of measured area was found out in 48% RA persons. RA patients with osteoporosis fell significantly often than subjects without osteoporosis (p&lt;0.01) and rarely spent time outdoors, especially during the winter. Fearing of falling negative correlated with EQ-5D, more patients noted moderate or severe depression. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our results shows that RA patients had a high risk of falling, especially in subjects with osteoporosis, so it is necessary to consider these patients as candidates for treatment and rehabilitation programs to reduce risk of falling and fractures. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Correlates of Cryptosporidium spp and Giardia spp contamination in improved drinking water sources in rural India: implications for universal access to improved sanitation and safe drinking water
Authors: Miles E Daniels, Woutrina A Smith, Wolf-Peter Schmidt, Thomas Clasen, Marion W Jenkins
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2016)

Background As part of the Total Sanitation Campaign (1999–2012), the Indian Government promoted construction and use of tens of millions of household latrines to improve public health in rural communities, areas where tubewells are often the main source of drinking water. In this study, we aimed to identify causes of tubewell contamination with the protozoal diarrhoeal pathogens, Cryptosporidium spp and Giardia spp in a coastal area in Puri District, Odisha, India.
AB0830 Hypertension during the Treatment of Gouty Arthritis with Nsaids
Authors: E. Mikhnevich, K. Mytnik
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Cardiovascular diseases are common in gout, with the hypertension (HTN) being the most frequent. Taking NSAIDs in patients with gout can result in destabilization of pre-existing HTN or the development of new episodes of HTN. <h3>Objectives</h3> to determine the influence of NSAIDs on destabilization of HTN among patients with gouty arthritis and to study a level of compliance to anti-hypertensive treatment (AHT) in such patients. <h3>Methods</h3> 436 patients with GA and meeting ACR classification criteria for GA (1977) were recruited during 2009-2012. 88,9% of patients were males with the mean age of 55,4±10,3 years and average disease duration of 7,9±6,8 years. The initial treatment was a NSAID at an adequate dose. We performed the monitoring of blood pressure (BP) during the treatment period in patients with and without HTN. Elevated BP was defined as sitting BP &gt;140/90mmHg. Destabilized HTN was considered as elevated BP with AHT correction. We registered new episodes of HTN and destabilized HTN in patients with GA and pre-existing HTN. Before this observation, 24,8% (n=108) of patients did not suffer from HTN and did not receive any anti- hypertensive drug. 75,2% (n=328) of patients had HTN of various duration and severity. <h3>Results</h3> Among 108 patients without HTN before the study, in 9,9% (n=43) of patients, HTN was diagnosed for the first time, and the treatment was prescribed. 328 patients with gout and concomitant HTN were divided into 2 groups: 47,2% (n=206) of patients regularly taking their anti-hypertensive treatment (AHT) and 28% (n=122) of patients taking AHT non-regularly or not taking it at all. Elevated BP during the NSAIDs treatment despite the effective AHT was evidenced in 59,7% (n=123) from 206 patients. On the other hand, in patients without regular AHT, unstable HTN in 74,6% (n=91) from 122 patients was registered. We found a significant difference in the number of patients with destabilized HTN (χ<sup>2</sup>=6,90; p=0,0086) between the groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Destabilized HTN during gout flares treated with NSAIDs was observed in 65,2% of patients with pre-existing HTN. In 9,9% of patients HTN was diagnosed for the first time. Among gouty and hypertensive patients, there is a low level of compliance to AHT: 37,2% of them did not regularly receive their AHT. Destabilized HTN in patients with GA induced by NSAIDs was only partly due to non-regular and ineffective AHT. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1463
AB1033 Adherence to Medications for Osteoporosis is Better in Patients Who Also Have Rheumatoid Arthritis Due to an Awareness of the Consequences of Untreated Disease and Increased Satisfaction with Healthcare Providers
Authors: A.M. Sweeney, B. Mcgowan, E. Walsh, M. McDermott, B. Whelan, C. Silke
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Osteoporosis (OP) are chronic diseases requiring long term medications. Non-adherence to medication is well recognised as a problem in treating these two conditions<sup>1,2</sup>. Patients9 overall perception of their condition and its management could have an impact on their adherence to medication<sup>3</sup>. <h3>Objectives</h3> To explore patients9 perceptions of living with Rheumatoid Arthritis and/or Osteoporosis and the overall management of their condition. with a particular focus on medication adherence and factors that may influence this. <h3>Methods</h3> A total of 33 patients with RA and/or OP were identified through chart review and were invited to participate in individual interviews or focus groups. 15 individual interviews and 2 focus groups were conducted. Transcripts were analysed and the process of open data coding was used to identify themes emerging from conversations. Prevailing themes were agreed upon by the researchers and statements were selected to illustrate each theme. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with RA and patients with RA and OP reported better adherence for medications than patients with OP alone. Reasons identified for this were regular follow up and confidence in healthcare professionals. Patients with RA and OP were confident that any medication concerns would be dealt with. "I9m very pleased that they9re trying different things, and they don9t make you feel that you9re a nuisance when one drug doesn9t work." Patients with OP alone reported less contact with health professionals in relation to their condition and were less concerned about their disease. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Regular contact with the healthcare provider may improve patients9 satisfaction with their disease management and in turn may have a positive impact on medication adherence. Improved support and education may help to improve adherence in patients with OP. <h3>References</h3> Silverman S. Adherence to Medications for the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Rheum Dis Clin N Am.2006; 32:721–731. Van den Bemt BJ, Van den Hoogen FH, Benraad B, Hekster YA, Van Riel PL, Van Lankveld W. Adherence rates and associations with nonadherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis using disease modifying antirheumatic drugs. J. Rheumatol. 36(10), 2164–2170 (2009). <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4345
Scintigraphic Visualization of Renal Fusion Anomalies in a Possible Abdominal Mass
Authors: EMEL CEYLAN, PINAR OZGEN KIRATLI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hacettepe University Medical Centre, Ankara, Turkey Received January 4, 2002. Revision accepted June 18, 2002. Correspondence: Emel Ceylan, Hacettepe Universitesi, Nukleer Tip A.D., 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]
Which cerebellar cells contribute to extracellular cGMP?
Authors: Lech Kiedrowski
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Vincent proposes that the extracellular cGMP found in cerebellum after glutamate receptor activation is released mainly from Purkinje cells because in these neurons the presence of guanylate cyclase has been shown using monoclonal antibodies. It is uncertain, however, whether Purkinje cells are the only source of extracellular cGMP in the cerebellum. This commentary examines the possibility that glial and cerebellar granule cells may also participate in cGMP synthesis and release, Moreover, the hypothesis of transcellular metabolism of citrulline and arginine is discussed. [VINCENT]
Tumors Induced by 2-Acetylaminoflu-orene in Buffalo-Strain Rats Ingesting Different Levels of Riboflavine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Morris, Harold P., Wagner, Billie P., Velat, Clarence A.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Tumors Induced by 2-Acetylaminoflu-orene in Buffalo-Strain Rats Ingesting Different Levels of Riboflavine Get access Harold P. Morris, Harold P. Morris Laboratories of Biochemistry and Pathology, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Billie P. Wagner, Billie P. Wagner Laboratories of Biochemistry and Pathology, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Clarence A. Velat Clarence A. Velat Laboratories of Biochemistry and Pathology, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 16, Issue 2, October 1955, Pages 489–493, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/16.2.489 Published: 01 October 1955 Article history Received: 04 April 1955 Published: 01 October 1955
Pancreatitis and the Risk of Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Albert B. Lowenfels, Patrick Maisonneuve, Giorgio Cavallini, Rudolf W. Ammann, Paul G. Lankisch, Jens R. Andersen, Eugene P. Dimagno, Ake Andren-Sandberg, Lennart Domellof
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The results of case-control studies and anecdotal reports suggest that pancreatitis may be a risk factor for pancreatic cancer, but there have been no studies of sufficient size and power to assess the magnitude of the relation between these two diseases.
Abstract P5-15-06: Evaluation of Treatment of Primary Early Breast Cancer in the Elderly
Authors: RPJ Visser, IF Faneyte, HJ Heymans, EA. Kouwenhoven
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: National guidelines for treatment of breast cancer are not applicable for the frail elderly. Treatment should be individualized for these patients. Aim: Evaluation of treatment of the elderly (aged 70+) patient with primary early breast cancer: breast conservative surgery (BCS), guideline adherence and differences in (all cause and cancer specific) mortality risk and survival. Materials and Methods: female patients with stage cT1-2N0-1 primary breast cancer, diagnosed from January 2002 - December 2008 were included in this retrospective analysis. Treatment was compared with national guidelines. Age categories were made for 80-plus, 70 to 80 and 70-minus. Differences in tumor biology and treatment were evaluated using X2- tests, differences in Hazard ratio using Cox-regression analysis and differences in survival using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: 1569 patients were included. Divided by age: 80 and up (n=148), 70 to 80 (n=256), 70 and below (n=1165). Median time of follow-up was 48 (1-99) months. Tumor characteristics: there was no significant differences between patients aged 70 and up and below 70 for ER/PR status, Her2neu status, tumor grade and pathologic tumor size. There were significant differences for axillary lymph node involvement (pN0: 66,6% vs 56,6%, p=0,004) and tumor morphology (68,0% vs 77,8% ductal carcinoma, P&amp;lt;0,001). Comparison of treatment: 80+ vs 70-80 vs 70-, BCS: 29,6% vs 57,9% vs 55,7% (P&amp;lt;0,001 for 80+ vs 70-80), treatment according to guidelines: 38,9% vs 81,3% vs 93,3% (P&amp;lt;0,001 for 80+ vs 70-80 vs 70-), surgical treatment: 54,3% vs 96,1% vs 99,5% (P&amp;lt;0,001 for 80+ vs 70-80 vs 70-), radiotherapy following BCS: 56,5% vs 96,3% vs 98,4% (P&amp;lt;0,001 for 80+ vs 70-80), adjuvant systemic therapy when indicated: 73,2% vs 68,9% vs 90,1% (P&amp;lt;0,001 for 70-80 vs 70-). Hazard Ratio for mortality: ages 80 and up: individualized vs guideline-adhered all cause HR = 1,903 (P&amp;lt;0,001). Cancer specific HR = 0,601 (p = 0,431). Ages 70-80: individualized vs guideline-adhered HR = 3,184 (p &amp;lt;0,001). Cancer specific HR = 2,842 (p = 0,083). 5-year all-cause survival: ages 70 and up vs 70-: 64% vs 91%, log rank P&amp;lt;0,001 (fig.1). 5-year cancer specific survival: ages 70 and up vs 70-: 91% vs 94%, log rank p = 0,064 (fig.2). Conclusion: Individualized treatment was frequent in elderly breast cancer patients, especially in patients aged 80 and up. While overall survival was significantly lower for septuagenarians, there was no significant difference in cancer specific mortality and survival. Figures available in online version. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-15-06.
AB0534 When atherosclerosis is established, cardiovascular biomarkers are comparable in patients with ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis
Authors: E. Ikdahl, S. Rollefstad, J. Hisdal, S. A. Provan, I. J. Berg, E. Stranden, T. K. Kvien, I. C. Olsen, A. G. Semb
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Inflammatory joint diseases (IJD), including ankylosing spondylitis (AS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and accelerated atherosclerosis. <h3>Objectives</h3> Our goals were to evaluate CV risk factors in addition to soluble and vascular biomarkers in patients with IJD and established atherosclerosis, and to compare these parameters across AS, RA and PsA. <h3>Methods</h3> Ninety-nine IJD patients, including 28 with AS, 58 with RA and 13 with PsA, were all diagnosed with carotid plaques, which is equivalent to established atherosclerotic disease. The patients were examined with the sphygmocor applanation tonometer to determine augmentation index (AIx), central systolic pressure and pulse wave velocity (PWV), three widely used parameters for arterial stiffness. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used to assess endothelial function. The various biomarkers (adjusted for age and gender) were compared across AS, RA and PsA using ANCOVA. <h3>Results</h3> Apart from differences in gender and medication, that could be attributable to the different natures of the diseases, demographic data showed that AS, RA and PsA patients were well matched. When comparing adjusted CV risk markers across AS, RA and PsA, the patient groups had comparable lipid profiles, CRP, ESR, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, PWV, central systolic pressure, intima media thickness (IMT) and FMD. However, the AS group had significantly lower AIx (p=0.004) (Table). <h3>Image/graph</h3> <h3>Conclusions</h3> When atherosclerosis is established in patients with AS, RA or PsA, traditional CV risk factors, soluble and vascular biomarkers were comparable across the various IJDs. These findings may have clinical implications during cardiovascular risk evaluation in patients with IJD and needs further evaluation. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared