tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Biomarker analysis from TRUST, a trial of erlotinib in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: C. Schneider, K. Schott-von Römer, S. Gütz, B. Raack, R. Dierkesmann, E. Laack, W. Guschall, A. Schmittel, U. Gatzemeier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

7674 Background: The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor erlotinib significantly prolonged survival and improved QoL in relapsed NSCLC patients (pts) (Shepherd et al. NEJM 2005;353:123). TRUST is an ongoing, single arm, international, multicenter trial providing erlotinib access to pts with advanced NSCLC (&gt;6,500 enrolled). Methods: Stage IIIb/IV NSCLC; failed (1–2 regimens) or unsuitable for chemotherapy. Pts received erlotinib 150 mg/day p.o. until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Pts were assessed for response, progression free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety. Where possible, tumor tissue samples were collected from German centers and centrally assessed by; immunohistochemistry (IHC; EGFR, pMAPK), fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH; EGFR gene copy number), and DNA sequencing (EGFR, KRAS gene mutations). Results were assessed for correlations with treatment benefit. Results: Nov 2006, biomarker data were available for 287 of 393 German pts; median age 65 yrs (range 33–90). Baseline characteristics (%): male/female (59/41); Caucasian/Oriental/no data (99/1/&lt;1); non-smoker/former or current smoker (25/75); adenocarcinoma/squamous cell/BAC/large cell/other/no data (57/33/3/2/1/4). 40% received erlotinib 2nd line. Of 230 pts with response data, 7.4% had a complete or partial response. Median PFS was 11.0 weeks (95% CI: 9.0–13.1). Preliminary analyses showed EGFR IHC+ (=10% staining; 223/278) pts (vs EGFR IHC-) had longer OS (HR=0.75; p=0.1) and PFS (HR=0.71; p=0.03). OS (HR=0.53; p=0.02) and PFS (HR=0.38; p=0.0001) were significantly prolonged in EGFR FISH+ (28/133) vs FISH- pts. Pts with KRAS mutations (17/107) had shorter OS (HR=1.5; p=0.18) and PFS (HR=1.6; p=0.08) vs wildtype. pMAPK+ status (29/108) was associated with shorter OS (HR=2.6; p&lt;0.0001) and PFS (HR=1.6; p=0.0007). Conclusion: As TRUST is a single arm study, conclusions on the prognostic or predictive significance of these biomarkers cannot be drawn. Erlotinib treated NSCLC pts with EGFR IHC+, EGFR FISH+ or pMAPK- tumors may have better outcomes than those with EGFR IHC-, EGFR FISH-, and pMAPK+ tumors, but to prospectively assess the predictive value of these biomarkers, a randomized phase III study is ongoing (BO18192, SATURN). [Table: see text]
Effect of Tetracycline on the Composition of Sebum in Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Ruth K. Freinkel, John S. Strauss, Shing Yiu Yip, Peter E. Pochi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

ACNE vulgaris is a common inflammatory disorder of the skin involving pilosebaceous structures; its pathogenesis is imperfectly understood. Earliest lesions demonstrate a partial rupture of the follicle wall, with surrounding dermal inflammation.1 The latter apparently results from the intrusion of material from the follicle into the dermis. Sebum, the lipid mixture secreted by sebaceous glands, has been implicated in this sequence. Injection of sebum into the human skin provokes a lymphocytic response. When various fractions of sebum are injected intradermally it is the free fatty acids, comprising up to 23 per cent of secreted lipids,2 that are primarily responsible for . . .
Pralatrexate in patients with relapsed/refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL): Relationship between response and survival.
Authors: A. R. Shustov, B. Pro, S. M. Horwitz, E. D. Jacobsen, A. Boyd, S. M. Fruchtman, O. O'Connor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8054 Background: Pralatrexate (FOLOTYN) is a targeted antifolate designed for preferential uptake and accumulation in tumor cells, due to high affinity for reduced folate carrier and efficient polyglutamation by folypolyglutamyl synthetase. Pralatrexate was approved for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL based on the results of the pivotal trial PROPEL (Pralatrexate in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma), which was the largest prospective study in this patient population. The primary end point, objective response rate (ORR) by independent central review using International Workshop Criteria, was 29% (32/109), including 11% complete response/complete response unconfirmed (CR/CRu) with a median duration of response of 10.1 months. The ORR by investigator assessment was 39% (43/109), including 18% CR/CRu median. Overall survival was 14.5 months. Methods: The relationship between the PROPEL responses and survival were analyzed using time-dependent covariate and landmark methods, 2 well accepted methods for analyzing the association of tumor response and survival. Results: The time-dependent covariate analysis results are summarized below. Analysis using the landmark method at cycle 1 (approximately 7 weeks) had similar results. Conclusions: Responding patients had a 44% (per central review) to 56% (per investigator) reduction in risk of death (p=.07 and p<.01, respectively). The PROPEL results demonstrate substantial pralatrexate antitumor activity in patients with relapsed/refractory PTCL, and these responses are associated with prolonged survival. Evaluation Statistical Method N (# Responders) HR* (95% CI) p Central Review Time-Dep Covariate 109 (32) 0.56 (0.30, 1.05) .07 Investigator Time-Dep Covariate 109 (43) 0.44 (0.25, 0.78) <.01 * Hazard ratio of response to non-response based on the Cox model. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Allos Therapeutics Allos Therapeutics Allos Therapeutics Allos Therapeutics
Smoking as a Risk Factor for Recurrence of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Alfred P. Hallstrom, Leonard A. Cobb, Roberta Ray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

We obtained information about cessation of smoking in 310 survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who had been habitual cigarette smokers at the time of their arrest. Patients with coronary heart disease were stratified according to mortality risk on the basis of recognized criteria. The expected first-year rate of recurrent arrest ranged from 2 to 40 percent among the strata. Life-table analyses showed that reformed smokers had a lower incidence of recurrent arrest than patients who continued to smoke (19 vs. 27 percent at three years; P = 0.038 by one-sided test adjusted across strata). This effect occurred to varying degrees in all but the highest risk stratum. No differences in survival were observed for mortality due to other causes. It is possible that continued smoking in these patients led to acceleration of an ongoing atherosclerotic process, but the differences in early survival suggest that smoking may also act in the short term to enhance vulnerability to cardiac arrest.
Complications of Indwelling Urinary Catheter Care and Care Transitions
Authors: Jeffrey A. Kepes, James B. Wilhite, Alayne D. Markland
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
PTH-195 Curos™ line caps are effective in reducing catheter related sepsis in inpatients receiving parenteral nutrition: Abstract PTH-195 Table 1
Authors: DJ Wheatley, S Rowlands, J Chapman, S Menon, H Steed, A Kington, G Uprichard, K Robinson, A Murugananthan
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Catheter related sepsis (CRS) can result in disrupted feeding, parenteral nutrition (PN) waste, systemic sepsis, central vein thrombosis and potential prolonged hospital stay in inpatients receiving PN. Alcohol-impregnated disinfection caps reduce CRS in home PN patients<sup>1</sup>and hospital inpatients with indwelling central lines.<sup>2</sup>Their role in reduction of CRS in inpatients receiving PN is less clear. <h3>Method</h3> Prospective data from inpatients receiving PN from April 2013 to January 2015 was assessed. CUROS<sup>TM</sup>line caps were introduced on 8/09/14 in addition to an existing standard aseptic non-touch technique for all patients receiving PN. Patients received PN via a peripherally inserted central catheter or a dedicated port of a central venous catheter. CRS were analysed in patients without and with the CUROS<sup>TM</sup>device and expressed as events/1000 catheter days. CRS was confirmed by a positive culture from blood withdrawn from the line or from line tip culture. <h3>Results</h3> There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups (Table 1). In the 17 months prior to the caps being used the incidence of line infections in patients receiving PN was 6.17/1000 line days. In the 5 months after their introduction this fell to 0.00/1000 line days (p-value 0.014) <h3>Conclusion</h3> Upon introduction of a simple alcohol-impregnated disinfection cap there has been a significant fall in CRS rates related to PN. The cost to the Trust of a CUROS<sup>TM</sup>cap is £0.32 and further assessment of the cost saving to the Trust will be undertaken. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared. <h3>References</h3> Small M. The impact of 70% isopropyl alcohol port protection caps on catheter related bloodstream infection in patients on home parenteral nutrition. <i>Poster, World Congress Vascular Access </i>2014 Merrill KC, Sumner S, Linford L, <i>et al</i>. Impact of universal disinfectant cap implementation on central line-associated bloodstream infections. American Journal of Infection Control 2014;42:1274–7
In Vivo Diagnosis with Purified Tropomyosin Comparison of Tropomyosin Sensitization in Shellfish and Mite Allergic Patients
Authors: Jerónimo Carnés, M. Angeles López Matas, Raquel Moya, Carlos H. Larramendi, Julio Huertas, Angel Ferrer, Luis A. Navaro, Jose L. Garcia-Abujeta, Sandra Vicario, Isabel Flores, Carmen Andreu, Maribel Peña, Inmaculada Sanchez-Guerrero
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
PTH-078 Pregnancy outcomes in female patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: S Chetcuti Zammit, M Caruana, K Katsanos, G Mantzaris, M Cesarini, U Kopylov, L Zammit, M Brookes, P Ellul
Journal: Gut (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) typically affects patients during their child-bearing years. With the progress and development of newer IBD treatments patients are increasingly likely to consider having children. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of pregnancy in female IBD patients. <h3>Method</h3> Female IBD patients were recruited from 5 different centres in Europe. These patients were interviewed through a prospective questionnaire. <h3>Results</h3> 233 patients were recruited (mean age 40; SD±11.9). The mean age at diagnosis was 31.4 years (SD±11.2). 85.5% patients had ulcerative colitis (UC). 224 pregnancies were recorded. 26.6% had one pregnancy. 17.2% were pregnant twice, 6.44% were pregnant three times and 1.72% reported 4 pregnancies. 63.8% patients became pregnant before the diagnosis of IBD. A younger age at IBD diagnosis was associated with a higher number of pregnancies (p &lt; 0.006). 1.7% of patients stopped medications on their own accord during pregnancy. Medications were stopped by the doctor in 13.9% (biologic agents in the 3<sup>rd</sup>trimester (2.7%), 5-ASA (9.4%), methotrexate (0.9%), prednisolone (0.9%)). Additional medications were used in 3.9% of pregnancies. There were 0.96 live-births/woman recorded. 54.0% of pregnancies were unplanned, with a higher rate in those who were pregnant after being diagnosed with IBD (p &lt; 0.0001). 8.6% of patients reported fertility issues. An IBD exacerbation was reported by 9% of patients during pregnancy. Delivery was by caesarian section in 30.8% and by vaginal delivery in 69.2%. Mode of delivery was influenced by the underlying IBD in 12.0%. Delivery was uncomplicated in the majority of patients (92.0%) with most deliveries between 38 and 40 weeks gestation (81.6%). Mean birth weight was 3.34kg (1.90–4.70kg; SD±0.395). Most newborns (94.6%) were healthy. Other outcomes reported: (1) 0.44% had congenital anomalies (0.44%); (2) 1.34% suffered from developmental delay; (3) 1.75% had low birth weight; (4) 0.89% were born prematurely. One patient (0.44%) suffered a stillbirth. There were no correlations between the use of disease modifying drugs and neonatal adverse outcomes. 29 miscarriages were reported. Only 54.4% of IBD patients breastfed their infants which is less than expected compared to healthy non-IBD pregnancies. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Pregnancy outcomes appear to be favourable in IBD compared to European data on non IBD patients. Although there are improvements in the treatment of IBD there still remains a lower birth rate and breast-feeding rate amongst IBD patients when compared to non IBD European data. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.
A Phase 1 First-in-Human Study (B4901001) Evaluating a Novel Anti-IgE Vaccine in Adult Subjects with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Gilbert Y. Wong, Emile Elfassi, Ginette Girard, William H. Yang, Jacques Hebert, Roberto Bugarini, Michael A. O'Connell, Brian Champion, James Merson, Heather Davis
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)
SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS
Authors: Mahmut Ozsahin, T. Girinsky, E. Benhamou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.16.3062 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10944142 Mahmut OzsahinxMahmut OzsahinSearch for articles by this author T. GirinskyxT. GirinskySearch for articles by this author , E. BenhamouxE. BenhamouSearch for articles by this author Show More Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois LausanneSwitzerlandInstitut Gustave Roussy VillejuifFrance https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.16.3062 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2000 by American Society of Clinical OncologyjcoJ Clin OncolJournal of Clinical OncologyJCO0732-183X1527-7755American Society of Clinical OncologyResponse16082000In Reply:The statistical method used in our study1 allowed us to take into account the fact that 39 patients died of causes other than veno-occlusive disease (VOD) of the liver during the first 5 months after randomization. These patients were therefore censored for VOD criteria. Although our study dose rate was perhaps higher than those used elsewhere, we believe that the fractionated total-body irradiation schedule was more likely responsible for the high incidence of VOD. Indeed, the incidence of VOD was significantly higher among patients given single-dose total-body irradiation (STBI) at a dose of 0.125 Gy/min over 4 hours (average dose rate of only 0.045 Gy/min) compared with that of patients given hyperfractionated total-body irradiation with a two-fold larger dose rate (0.250 Gy/min). Dr Ozsahin seems to corroborate this view, because he showed in his study comparing two instantaneous dose rates (0.060 Gy/min and 0.150 Gy/min) in 28 and 29 patients, respectively, who were given STBI that there were no significant differences in the incidence of VOD: three patients in the low–dose rate group and no patients in the high–dose rate group developed VOD. We agree that chemotherapy possibly plays a role in the development of VOD, but in our randomized and not retrospective study, patients were given the same conditioning regimen in both groups, and the incidence of VOD was significantly higher in the STBI group.4. Girinsky T, Benhamou E, Bourhis JH, et al: Prospective randomized comparison of single-dose versus hyperfractionated total-body irradiation in patients with hematologic malignancies. J Clin Oncol 18::981,2000–986, Link, Google Scholar
Somatic Mutations Indicative of Clonal Hematopoiesis Are Present in a Large Fraction of Cytopenic Patients Who Lack Diagnostic Evidence of MDS
Authors: Jeff Hall, Jenan Al Hafidh, Emily Balmert, Bashar Dabbas, Christine Vaupel, Carlos El Hader, Matthew McGinniss, Sue Beruti, Rafael Bejar
Journal: Blood (2014)
Palliative care in patients with heart failure
Authors: Colleen K McIlvennan, Larry A Allen
Journal: BMJ (2016)

Despite advances in cardiac therapy, heart failure (HF) remains a progressive, highly symptomatic, and deadly disease that places great demands on patients, caregivers, and healthcare systems. Palliative care is a multidisciplinary approach to care that focuses on communication, shared decision making, and advance care planning; provides relief from pain and other distressing symptoms; integrates psychological and spiritual aspects of care; and offers a support system to help families cope during illness and bereavement. Palliative care has applications across the stages of heart failure, including early in the course of illness, often in conjunction with other therapies that are intended to prolong life. However, the incorporation of palliative care into the management of heart failure has been suboptimal for several reasons: uncertainty in the disease trajectory, failure to reward communication between healthcare providers and patients, siloed care, lack of knowledge, overlay of comorbidity and frailty, life saving devices with complex trade-offs, and a limited evidence base. This review will summarize the current literature on the emerging role of palliative care in patients with heart failure and the challenges and opportunities for its integration into routine care. It will discuss current initiatives and future directions of the collaborative relationship between the palliative care and heart failure disciplines.
Studies in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: L. Kopito, A. Mahmoodian, R. R. W. Townley, K. T. Khaw, H. Shwachman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

SPECTROCHEMICAL analysis of the inorganic constituents of several tissues obtained from patients with cystic fibrosis exhibited marked differences when compared with similar specimens taken from healthy controls.1 The concentration of sodium and potassium in nails and hair was elevated in the children with cystic fibrosis, suggesting that this type of analysis might be a useful diagnostic aid.The purpose of the present study was to devise a simple quantitative procedure for the estimation of sodium and potassium in nails and to determine the value of this type of analysis. A secondary purpose was to explore possible genetic applications. Cystic fibrosis . . .
Phase II study of CC-4047 in patients (pts) with metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC)
Authors: M. Floissac, R. Knight, A. Levin, L. M. Glode, E. D. Crawford, R. J. Amato
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4629 Background: CC-4047 is a new analog of thalidomide with potent immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenesis properties. similar to thalidomide. This study investigates whether single agent CC-4047 can induce PSA responses and increase time to progression in HRPC. Eligibility included: histologically confirmed HRPC, 2 consecutive rises in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with an absolute change of at least 1ng/ml separated by 28 days, with or without radiographic evidence of disease, castrate levels of serum testosterone (≤50 ng/dL), failure to androgen withdrawal, ≤1 prior chemotherapy regimen, ECOG performance status of ≤1, life expectancy ≥3 months, and normal organ/marrow function. Methods: CC-4047 was administered orally in doses of 1 or 2mg/day without interruption. Pts. are followed every 4 weeks with re-evaluation at week 12. Forty-four pts have been enrolled. Pt characteristics: 1mg dose level: 22 pts enrolled, median age 69 years (range 58–82). Fourteen pts with bone involvement only. Four pts with bone and nodal involvement. Four pts with nodal or visceral tumor involvement only. Median PSA 157 (0.8–313). 2mg dose level: 22 pts enrolled, median age 68 years (range 44–84). Seven pts with bone involvement only. Two pts with bone and nodal involvement. Five pts with bone and visceral involvement. Three pts with nodal or visceral tumor involvement. Four pts with prostate intact. Median PSA: 70 (0.6–139). Results: Of the 22 pts at 1mg, 20 pts have completed 12 weeks of therapy. One pt remains on study for 60+ weeks. PSA decreased in 6 pts, 3 pts with >50% decrease. Of the 22 pts at 2mg, 19 completed 12 weeks of therapy. Nine pts remain on study. PSA decreased in 9 pts, with 2 pts having a >50% reduction. Grade 1–2 toxicity included: constipation, nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. One Grade 3 toxicity consisting of nausea. One pt expired secondary to a CNS bleed while on therapeutic doses of coumadin. Of the 22 pts at 2mg, 16 completed 12 weeks of therapy. Nine pts remain on study. PSA decreased in 9 pts, with 2 pts having a >50% reduction. Conclusion: CC-4047 shows promising activity in pts with HRPCa, with an acceptable tolerability. Response, progression-free survival and toxicity data will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Celgene Celgene Celgene, Chiron Celgene, Chiron, Endocyte
Symphalangism, Strabismus and Hearing Loss in Mother and Daughter
Authors: Elliot S. Vesell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

ABSENCE of a joint between the proximal and middle phalanges has been termed symphalangism,1 phalangeal anarthrosis (synostosis, ankylosis),2 "shuffle fingers"3 and "stiff fingers."1 In an English family the defect has been traced back fourteen generations to John Talbot, first Earl of Shrewsbury, who was born in 1390.3 It extends through a longer period than any other anatomic abnormality, with the exception of the Hapsburg jaw, which also originates in the fourteenth century.2 Several pedigrees of symphalangism have been recorded in the United States,1 , 4 5 6 7 8 but in most of them a connection with the English family, though suggested, could not be firmly . . .
Increased Risk of Advanced Colorectal Neoplasia Among Korean Men With Metabolic Abnormality and Obesity
Authors: Ji Yeon Kim, Dong Il Park, Junghee Yu, Yoon Suk Jung, Jung Ho Park, Hong Joo Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Chong Il Sohn, Woo Kyu Jeon, Byung Ik Kim, Kyu Yong Choi
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2016)