tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PTU-151 High Resolution Manometry Profile of Hiatal Hernia in Patients before and after Fundoplication: Abstract PTU-151 Table
Authors: K Bilnik, E Klimacka-Nawrot, J Kurek, B Blonska-Fajfrowska, A Stadnicki
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Current data relating to esophageal motility evaluated by high resolution manometry(HRM) in presence of hiatal hernia(HH) is equivocal. This study was aimed to compare HRM variables in patients with HH before and after fundoplication and to evaluate diagnostic performance of HRM in detecting sliding HH. <h3>Methods</h3> Sensitivity and specificity of HRM were assessed in 31 patients(20 females; mean age 48.2) with gastroesophageal reflux disease who were qualified for Nissen fundoplication and underwent preoperative HRM. Intraoperative diagnosis of HH was the gold standard. Area under curve(AUC) of receiver operating characteristic(ROC) reflecting diagnostic accuracy of HRM was also computed. Eleven patients(5 females; mean age 52.1) out of 31 were selected who underwent both: HRM before fundoplication(preoperative group) and at least 3 months after surgery(postoperative group). Manometric protocol included 10 consecutive swallows of 10 ml of water. Variables from pre and postoperative group were compared using paired Wilcoxon test. <h3>Results</h3> 29 patients out of 31 were found to have HH during surgery while 14 patients had manometric criteria for HH(mean HH size was 2.44 cm). Sensitivity and specificity of HRM in detecting HH were 48% and 100% respectively. AUC under ROC curve for HRM was 0.74 indicating limited usefulness of this method; regarding threshold value of 0.8 for clinical practise. HRM profile of HH in preoperative group is characterised by significantly lower minimal basal esophagogastric junction(EGJ) pressure as well as integrated relaxation pressure(IRP) comparing to postoperative group without HH. IRP values were within normal range in both examined groups( &lt; 15 mmHg). Although mean basal EGJ pressure was lower in preoperative than in postoperative group, the difference between groups didn’t reach statistical significance. Neither DCI nor IBP was affected by fundoplication. Data is shown in table. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HRM is not reliable tool to diagnose HH. Due to poor sensitivity of HRM in detecting HH, manometric profile of patients with HH versus those without should be evaluated with caution. Surgical correction of HH contributes to higher EGJ relaxation pressure and improvement of antireflux barrier however neither bolus pressurisation nor DCI is affected by fundoplication. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
AB0254 Gastrointestinal health of ra patients - from top to tail
Authors: R. Waller, L. Williamson, D. Collins, E. Price
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Gastrointestinal problems are common but not well studied in RA patients. Symptoms may affect patient health, quality of life and concordance with medication. <h3>Objectives</h3> To assess the prevalence, severity and nature of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in our RA patients. <h3>Methods</h3> A 10 point questionnaire was posted to all patients with a diagnosis of RA on our electronic database. Patients were invited to attend clinic, where a more detailed GI history and examination, including medication and dental history was undertaken. <h3>Results</h3> Of 597 questionnaires sent, 301 (50%) were returned. 129 patients were assessed in clinic: 67% were female; median age 62 (range 31-91); median disease duration 13 years (range 1 – 49); mean DAS score 3.04 (range 1.1 – 6.19). <b>Gastrointestinal symptoms</b>: 226 (75%) of patients reported some form of GI problems in the self reported questionnaire. 51 (17%) reported daily GI symptoms; 33 (11%) reported 3 or more GI symptoms on a weekly basis. Of weekly symptoms, the most common were indigestion (25%), bloating (24%), abdominal pain (18%), diarrhoea (18%). <b>Dental disease</b> was common in clinic patients: 109 (84%) had fillings; 11 (&lt;1%) patients had normal dentition; 28 (22%) had poor gum health, including loose teeth or gingivitis; 70 (54%) patients had a dry or coated tongue; 42 (32%) of patients reported mouth ulcers 36 patients (28%) had haemorrhoids. <h3>Medication</h3> There was a high rate of medication use with potential GI side effects (GI toxic meds) in clinic patients: bisphosphonates 34 (26%); prednisolone 12 (9%); NSAIDS 64 (50%). 15 patients (12%) were on at least 2 of the above. 52 patients (40%) were on a PPI. 31/52 were taking 1 of the above medications. 41% of patients on GI toxic meds were taking a PPI compared to 39% of those not. Patients taking potentially GI toxic meds were more likely to suffer GI symptoms on at least weekly basis. (see table) Co-prescription of a PPI did not reduce this rate, whereas a PPI appeared to be protective in those not taking GI toxic meds. <h3>Conclusions</h3> GI symptoms were common in our RA population, even in those patients not taking potentially GI toxic meds. GI problems could commonly affect any part of GI tract, from mouth to anus. Rheumatologists should not forget to enquire about GI symptoms during routine clinical review. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 2007: Epigenetic reactivation of <i>CCN5/WISP2</i> by combined effect of green tea polyphenol and epigenetic modulators in highly aggressive breast cancer cells
Authors: Indranil Chattopadhyay, Monami Majumder, Archana De, Snigdha Banerjee, Peter Vanveldhuizen, Sushanta Banerjee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract CCN5/WISP-2 has been considered as an antiinvasive gene because CCN5/WISP-2 silencing augments the invasive phenotypes in vitro. One of the major functions of the CCN5 protein is to block aggressive behavior, such as the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) of cancer cells. CCN5/WISP-2 is constitutively expressed in less aggressive human breast cancer cells, whereas its expression is undetected in the highly aggressive breast cancer cells. Dietary green tea polyphenol, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), is believed to be an anticancer agent in part through its regulation of epigenetic processes. Our studies were aimed to address the epigenetic mechanisms of CCN5 reactivation by EGCG in highly aggressive breast cancer cells. In our current studies, we found that EGCG can reactivate CCN5 expression in highly aggressive breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) and augments mesenchymal-epithelial transition process by modulating multiple EMT regulators. Combination studies using EGCG with the epigenetic modulators including the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, trichostatin (TSA) and the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor such as 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5- aza), revealed a synergistic effect of reactivation of CCN5 expression in highly aggressive breast cancer cells. Our findings help to assess the key mechanisms of EGCG chemoprevention and therapy by impacting epigenetic pathways toward aggressive breast tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2007. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2007
Abstract 4239: Pterostilbene, a natural polyphenol, elicits full protection against ultraviolet B radiation-induced skin carcinogenesis: Preclinical studies
Authors: Fatima Feddi, Salvador Mena, Angel Ortega, Miguel Asensi, Jose M. Estrela
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Solar radiation exposure is the chief cause of nonmelanoma (i e, basal cell and squamous cell) skin cancer, and it is also a prime factor in the etiology of cutaneous melanoma The cancer-causing effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin are mainly produced by UV-B radiation in the 290- to 320-nm range, the same range that produces burning in human skin (erythema) UV-B exposure can damage DNA and be immunosuppressive Thus, and considering the alarming numbers of skin cancers being diagnosed around the world, it is increasingly evident the need of effective protection from UV radiation Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4′-trihydroxystilbene; RES) is a phytoalexin present in a wide variety of plant species, where its synthesis is induced by stress conditions The cancer chemopreventive activity of RES was first reported by Jang et al [Science 275, 218 – 220 (1997)] in a model of skin carcinogenesis where topic administration of this polyphenol inhibited multistage mouse skin carcinogenesis Equally promising action is exerted by resveratrol analogues, mainly pterostilbene (3,5-dimethoxy-4′-hydroxy-trans-stilbene: PTER), which shows a higher half-life in vivo and more potent anticancer effects in vivo than RES Our aim was to compare the anticancer effects of RES and PTER in UVB-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis In our experiments, Female SKH-1 hairless mice were irradiated with UVB (180 mJ/cm2; 3 doses/week; for a total of 30 weeks) 20 min after or before the topical administration of liposomes containing a total of 10 μmol of RES or PTER/mice (aprox 2 5 μmol/cm2 of skin) This long-term UVB administration reproduces, in an animal model, which are the consequences in humans of receiving chronic UVB radiations We observed that pretreatment of the skin with PTER resulted in a dramatic reduction in UVB-induced skin tumorigenesis (90 % of tumor free-mice at the end of treatment, n=20; P&amp;lt;0 01), whereas all RES-treated mice showed carcinomas (0 % of tumor free-mice on the 30th week, n=20) Molecular mechanisms involved in this strong anticancer effect elicited by Pter (as compared with RES) suggest differences in prevention of DNA mutagenesis, and protein and lipid oxidation Our results indicate that PTER can be used efficiently in the prevention of skin carcinogenesis induced by solar radiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4239. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4239
Health Risk Assessment: What Are The Benefits?
Authors: K. Ruddon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Health Risk Assessment: What Are The Benefits? Get access Kate Ruddon Kate Ruddon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 14, 21 September 1988, Pages 1092–1094, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.14.1092-a Published: 21 September 1988
PTH-058 A Centres Experience Of Setting Up A New Bowel Cancer Screening Centre And Preparing For Bowel Scope
Authors: N Taggart, J Batterton, D Mcguinness, G Fitzgerald, B Morton, P Otoole, S Subrumanian, N Haslam, B Oates, S Sarkar
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The population served by the Merseyside and North Cheshire Programme was 1.7 million based at University Hospitals Aintree was asked to split because of the imminent introduction of Bowel scope. Authorisation for forming of new centre at the Royal Liverpool Hospital (RLH) by central office was granted in the summer 2013 and implementation was required by February 2014. <h3>Methods</h3> The Liverpool and Wirral Bowel screening centre (LandW BSC) was formed with a 45% share of the in the population. The service was designed with the aim to run the FOBT service and then introduce the Bowel Scope (BS) as second wave for the serving population of 802,000. <h3>Results</h3> Workforce: The current workforce at the Royal Liverpool (RLH) included 4x BCSP screening colonoscopists of which one became Clinical Director of the centre. The endoscopy service manager supportive for the nursing and operational aspects and the Endoscopy Admin manager supported the administration aspect. There was full managerial backing by the directorate manager. In addition, programme manager, Lead SSP, 3x New SSPs, 4x admin staff were appointed. Collaborations and Engagement: The logistical issues and training of the new SSPs and Admin staff was heavily facilitated by the current Merseyside and Cheshire programme. Engagement and support also included the National Team, CCG, Local QA team and Screening and Immunisation Regional Team. Implementation group representation from all parties. A business was supported by the trust board. The strong collaboration was made with the team from Arrowe Park Hospital (APH). BowelScope: Stategically, new urology centre had spare capacity for 8 lists to include some evenings and weekends sessions at Broadgreen Hospital was identified as good access site for Liverpool. For the Wirral site, APH was identified as the site to deliver bowelscope and for the population would require 4 lists. Eight endoscopists were further identified (6 nurse endoscopists, 1 Fellow and 1 radiographer-also programme manager) as needing accreditation for bowelscope. All mentees were assigned a mentor (3 BCSP colonoscopists) and put on the pre-accreditation course at RLH. Exams were planned over 3, UKdays for all the endoscopists in April 2014. Prior to the exam, all endoscopists, had 2 flexi lists booked with their mentors at RLH as well as ad-hoc sessions to help with MCQ. <b>Outcome:</b> The LandW BCSC got approval by national office in Jan 2014 with a go live date in Feb to take over FOBT service. Bowelscope is planned for September 2014. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The setting up of a new centre in such a short period of time was extremely challenging but successful due to good team work, planning and collaboration. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
AB0319 Body mass index and disease activity parameters in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: M. Bernardes, G. Terroso, A. Aleixo, P. Madureira, R. Vieira, A. Bernardo, S. Pimenta, M.J. Martins, J.C. Machado, F. Simões-Ventura
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The definitive role of adipose tissue in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not established. Patients with RA and a high body mass index (BMI) have demonstrated significantly less radiographic joint damage than those with low BMI.<sup>1</sup> On the other hand, in another paper, increasing BMI was negatively correlated with clinical response to biologic therapy in active RA patients.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Objectives</h3> To study the association of disease activity with BMI in patients with established RA, analyzing the differences according to therapy regimens (conventional DMARDs, exclusively, versus biologics, with or without conventional DMARDs). <h3>Methods</h3> Clinical caracteristics, including BMI, and blood samples were collected in a monitoring visit. Portuguese version of the Standford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), Disease Activity Score four variables (DAS28 (4v)), 68 tender (TJC) and 66 swollen joint counts (SJC) were obtained. We measured ESR and CRP. PASW Statistics 18 was used for statistical analysis. <h3>Results</h3> We evaluated 203 RA patients, 138 (68%) women, 103 (51%) under biologics, age 53±12 years, 14±10 years of disease duration, mean DAS28 (4v) of 4.26±1.32 and a mean HAQ of 1.250±0.680. Seventy two (36%) had a BMI&lt;25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 86 (42%) had a BMI of 25-&lt;30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and 45 (22%) had a BMI≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. In a multivariate modelling (after adjusting for age, disease duration, average daily dose of prednisone and years of corticosteroid use) and in RA patients exclusively under conventional DMARDs, obesity was associated with lower SJC (p=0.005) and higher DAS28 (4v) (p&lt;0.001), TJC (p&lt;0.005) and HAQ (p&lt;0.001) values. Using the same model and adjusting also for years of biologic therapy, in the group under biologic agents, overweight was associated with lower DAS28 (4v) (p&lt;0.05), TJC (p=0.001) and HAQ (p=0.001) values. CRP and ESR were not significantly associated with BMI. <h3>Conclusions</h3> In our RA population under conventional DMARDs, subjects with higher BMI exhibited higher disease activity parameters. Paradoxically, in the group under biologics, overweight showed a better disease control. These facts reinforce the need of other studies to clarify the different regulatory effects of adipose tissue on RA treatment responses according the therapy regimen. <h3>References</h3> Westhoff G. et al. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56: 3575-82 Klaasen R. et al. Arthritis Rheum 2011; 63. 359-64 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
No excuse for ignoring methodologically sound studies
Authors: Richard Derman, Christiana Care
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

The publication of the epidemiologically and statistically ill-informed article and analysis presented in ‘Rethinking WHO guidance: review of evidence for misoprostol use in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage’1 is troublesome. While various criticisms may be and have been made of the Cochran review2 there is no excuse for the lack of awareness of the methodologically stringent review and meta-analysis,3 which clearly demonstrates that methodologically sound studies find a substantial and highly significant benefit in the provision of misoprostol for postpartum haemorrhage prevention. The authors superficially discuss study quality while ignoring the valid implications thereof in their analysis and interpretation. The criteria by which causal associations are made, of which, statistical significance is but one criterion, particularly the existence of at least one or more methodologically sound studies, the consistency of direction across studies, biological plausibility, temporality, etc. are also critical. While simple presentation of sound studies have been presented that permits valid inference,4 this article criticizes then includes methodologically questionable information and misconstrues the implications of sound studies, to challenge the more accurate and more sophisticated analyses of the evidence which WHO has correctly used for its inclusion of misoprostol in its recommendations.
PTU-107 Weight adjusted anti-TNF therapy favours obese patients with Crohn's disease
Authors: M Bhalme, A Sharma, R Keld, A Makin, R Willert, S Campbell
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Adalimumab (Humira, Abbott) is a novel subcutaneous anti-TNF agent, effective in inducing and maintaining remission in Crohn9s disease (CD). Unlike Infliximab (IFx), Adalimumab (Ad) dosing is not weight adjusted, and dose frequency is based on clinical response. Pharmacokinetic analyses in rheumatoid arthritis patients (pts) has shown weight to have minimal effect on Ad clearance. Our aim was to determine whether weight is important in predicting efficacy of weight adjusted and non-weight adjusted anti-TNF treatment in CD. <h3>Methods</h3> A hospital database of CD patients receiving anti-TNF therapy was analysed retrospectively. Demographics, previous IFx exposure, disease anatomy, concomitant immunosuppressive therapy, smoking status and duration of anti-TNF treatment were recorded. A body mass index (BMI) cut off of &lt;30 or ≥30 was used to define obesity and time to dose escalation (increased frequency) and survival curve analysis were compared using Kaplan–Meier (KM) estimation. p&lt;0.05 was taken as significant. Analysis were made using Graphpad prism software. <h3>Results</h3> Adalimumab patients: 54 (36 female; age range 17–72 years, median 38.5; BMI range 17.2–47.7, median 24.8) patients details were available. 46 patients had BMI&lt;30 and 8 had BMI≥30. CD distribution and activity were heterogeneous. There was no significant difference (p=NS) in the duration of Ad treatment in BMI&lt;30 (range 1–39 months, median 10.5) vs BMI≥30 (range 6–27 months, median 13.5). KM estimation revealed a significantly lower time to Ad dose escalation in the BMI≥30 (χ<sup>2</sup> 6.117, p=0.0134). There was no difference in time to dose escalation according to disease anatomy or smoking status. Infliximab patients: 76 (42 female; age range 11–70 years, median 37.5; BMI range 14.9–43.7, median 23.7) patients details were available. 62 patients had BMI&lt;30 and 14 had BMI≥30. CD distribution and activity were heterogeneous. KM estimation revealed the survival curves for the IFx patients were close and statistically non-significant (χ<sup>2</sup> 1.933, p=NS), in BMI&lt;30 and BMI≥30. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients BMI appears important in predicting Adalimumab efficacy in CD with respect to loss of response (LOR), irrespective of induction dosing. Weight adjusted anti-TNF treatment appears to overcome this apparent reduction of efficacy in obese patients, as demonstrated by the data. A trend for separation between the two groups may be explained by the additional effects of the pro-inflammatory adipokines in obese patients with CD. A prospective study on the effect of weight on drug response is warranted. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Case 14-2007
Authors: Joan R. Butterton, Deborah S. Collier, Javier M. Romero, Artur Zembowicz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A previously healthy 59-year-old man was admitted to this hospital with fever, weight loss, and painful swelling of both eyes and the right ear. Six weeks earlier, headache and fever had developed, followed by pain in the neck, pain and swelling of the eyes, and pain in the right ear; symptoms did not respond to antibiotic therapy. Laboratory studies on admission disclosed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and anemia. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
Benefit from Alternate-Day Prednisone in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: John R. Warmolts, W. King Engel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Five adults with myasthenia gravis of varying severity and duration were treated with long-term, high-single-dosage (100 mg), alternate-day oral prednisone. Improvement in muscle function appeared 24 to 72 hours after the initiation of therapy and has been maintained from six to 17 months. Complete remission of symptoms was obtained in one patient in four months and has been maintained for 13 months.
AB0601 Risk factors for early osteoarthritis progression
Authors: N. G. Kashevarova, E. M. Zaitseva, A. V. Smirnov, N. V. Demin, L. I. Alekseeva
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint pathologies, which is a result of cartilage or subchondral bone damage. <h3>Objectives</h3> to determine the risk factors of structural progression of knee OA at an early stage (less than 5 years). <h3>Methods</h3> a 5-year prospective study included 110 (women with primary knee OA according to the ACR criteria), 52 of whom had disease duration of 5 years (ages 46 to 78 years). All the patients were evaluated Womac Index, radiographs of the knee joints in the anteroposterior projection (Kellgren-Lawrence) and BMD of the lumbar spine, proximal femur, tibial and femoral subchondral bone (DXA, QDR-450W Hologic). Out of 52 patients, 22 (42,3%) had disease stage 1, 24 (46,2%) - stage 2, 6 (11,5%) - stage 3. <h3>Results</h3> After 5 years of observations OA stage increase was determined in 14 cases (group 1), 38 patients remained at the same stage (group 2). Patients in both groups wereof about the same age (years) 62,71±7,87 and 60,32±8,61. Compared to group 2, patients from group 1 had more intense pain in knee joints (mm VAS) 65,14±20,19 vs 52,32±20,12 (p=0,047), a higher BMI (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) 35,74±5,83 vs 30,64±4,64 (p=0,002), higher BMD (g/cm<sup>2</sup>) in the lumbar spine 0,96±0,13 vs 0,87±0,12 (p=0,023), proximal femur 0,83±0,96 vs 0,74±0,78 (p=0,001) and in the tibial and femoral subchondral bone 0,8 [0,5-0,9] vs 0,6 [0,4-0,7] (p=0,023). <h3>Conclusions</h3> High levels of intensive pain, BMI and BMD of the lumbar spine, proximal femur, tibial and femoral subchondral bone can be considered as risk factors of knee OA early progression. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared