tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Activity of oral irinotecan (IRI) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients after prior anthracycline, taxane and capecitabine: Phase 2 study results
Authors: S. Vukelja, J. O’Shaughnessy, S. Campos, L. Vahdat, J. Blum, D. Yardley, P. Mainwaring, F. Senecal, R. Benner, L. Denis, E. Perez
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

562 Background: Oral IRI offers patient (pt) convenience and provides protracted drug exposure. Following reported activity of IV IRI (Camptosar) in refractory MBC (Perez et al. JCO 22:2849), this study evaluates efficacy and safety of two oral IRI schedules in pts with MBC after failure of prior anthracycline(A), taxane(T), and capecitabine(C). Methods: Multicenter, 2-arm, randomized phase 2 study with Simon 2-stage design. Eligible pts have histologically confirmed, measurable MBC. Failure of prior A, T or C includes progression during or following treatment, lack of response after ≥ 4 cycles or significant treatment related toxicity. Pts are randomized to oral IRI Days 1–5 (Dx5) or Days 1–14 (Dx14) every 21 days at daily doses of 60 mg/m2 or 30 mg/m2, respectively. Results: Efficacy: 76 of 78 treated pts enrolled in Stage 1 were evaluable for response (Dx5:37 - Dx14:39). Median age is 57 (range 34–85); ECOG PS 0 (32%), 1 (61%), 2 (7%). Median number of prior regimens is 5. Oral IRI is active with confirmed objective response (OR) in 8 pts (22% [90% CI: 11–34]) on Dx5 and 3 pts (8% [90% CI: 3–18]) on Dx14 arm. Stable disease as best response is reported in 15 pts on Dx5 (41%) and 16 pts (41%) on Dx14 arm. Safety: 78 treated pts (Dx5:38 - Dx14:40). The Dx5 arm has an acceptable safety profile. CTC Gr 3/4 drug-related adverse events (AEs) include diarrhea (32/0%), fatigue (13/3%), neutropenia (11/3% - 1 pt febrile neutropenia) and vomiting (8/0%). Drug-related AEs resulted in hospitalization in 5% of pts but not in deaths. The Dx14 arm is less well tolerated with 2 treatment related deaths (septic shock, renal failure) and higher rates of Gr 3/4 diarrhea (43/8%) and hospitalization due to drug related AEs (25%). Conclusions: These data indicate that oral IRI (60 mg/m2 Dx5) has encouraging activity (22% OR) and an acceptable safety profile in pts with heavily pre-treated MBC. Enrollment in Stage 2 continues on the Dx5 arm only and is near completion. Results for all 84 evaluable pts on the Dx5 arm will be presented. Confirmation of these early efficacy data would support further investigation of IRI in MBC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer Pfizer
Endoscopic ultrasound of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis
Authors: Fernando Castro-Poças, Tarcísio Araújo, Isabel Pedroto
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

An asymptomatic 65-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history underwent colonoscopy for colon cancer screening. This showed multiple bumps in the bowel wall of variable size (2 – 25 mm) protruding into the lumen. These appeared to be interconnected and covered with normal-looking mucosa, with no areas of sparing in the sigmoid and proximal rectum ([Fig. 1]). No other lesions of the mucosa were observed. The patient's physical examination was normal and the results of routine laboratory analysis showed no abnormalities.
Pregnancy Following Lumbodorsal Splanchnicectomy for Essential and Malignant Hypertension and Hypertension Associated with Chronic Pyelonephritis
Authors: John L. Newell, Reginald H. Smithwick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE prognosis in pregnancy complicated by a pre-existing hypertension with or without renal disease is notoriously poor for both the mother and the infant. Corwin and Herrick,1 , 2 in their classic papers written in 1927, made the following statement:Very few women who begin pregnancy with a blood pressure above 150 systolic or 100 diastolic can go through pregnancy successfully, that is with a living child. It is our opinion moreover, that pregnancy does much to accelerate the progress of chronic cardiovascular disease, that it may bring it out when latent and is to be avoided when the disorder has made . . .
The D816V C-Kit Mutation Confers Higher Proliferation Activity By JAK-STAT and Src Family Kinase Pathways Compared to N822K C-Kit Mutation in Core-Binding Factor Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Ikuko Omori, Hiroki Yamaguchi, Tomoaki Kitano, Noriko Miyake, Koichi Miyake, Koiti Inokuchi
Journal: Blood (2014)
Platelet-Phagocyte Interactions in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Robert I. Handin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Splenectomy was employed as therapy for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura long before the immunologic nature of the disease was firmly established. However, soon after Harrington observed that infusion of plasma from patients with the disorder produced thrombocytopenia in normal persons, it was noted that splenectomy or administration of corticosteroids could give partial protection against this fall in platelet count.1 , 2 The fate of sensitized platelets has also been determined by isotopic labeling combined with surface scanning. After infusion of labeled platelets into patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, there is accumulation of radioisotope in both liver and spleen. However, the predominant . . .
Prognosis of Medically Treated Patients with Coronary-Artery Disease with Profound ST-Segment Depression during Exercise Testing
Authors: Philip J. Podrid, Thomas B. Graboys, Bernard Lown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Reproducible and profound (greater than 2 mm) ST-segment depression during exercise testing in patients with coronary heart disease is associated with multivessel involvement. In these patients, coronary-artery bypass surgery has been recommended even when symptoms are absent. However, there are few long-term follow-up data regarding the prognosis when such patients are treated medically. Among 212 men with coronary-artery disease in whom profound ST-segment depression could be reproduced with exercise, 142 who had no other type of heart disease and were not receiving digitalis drugs had a mean ST-segment depression of 2.9 mm. Follow-up has lasted an average of 59 months: 11 patients have died (annual mortality, 1.4 per cent), and nine have had bypass operations (1.3 per cent per year). Survival correlated with exercise tolerance but not with degree of ST depression, peak heart rate, or peak blood pressure during exercise. We conclude that such ST-segment depression is not associated with a poor prognosis. There is rarely a need to resort to cardiac surgery; medical management is highly successful and associated with a low mortality.
Scombroid-Fish Poisoning
Authors: James M. Hughes, Morris E. Potter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Despite dramatic advances in food sanitation during the 20th century, acute food-borne disease caused by infectious agents and chemical toxins remains an important public health problem. From 6 to 81 million cases of such disease are estimated to occur annually in the United States.1 During the 1980s, several important new causes were identified; examples include verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Campylobacter jejuni, and Listeria monocytogenes.1 , 2 In addition, new vehicles have been implicated in the transmission of previously recognized food-borne pathogens; for example, grade A eggs have been implicated in the ongoing problem of infection with Salmonella enteritidis.2 Food-borne . . .
<i>KRAS</i> and <i>BRAF</i> mutation analysis on paired biopsy and resection specimens of patients with colorectal cancer: Molecular analysis using high-resolution melting, direct sequencing, <i>KRAS</i> ARMS-scorpion PCR and <i>BRAF</i> pyrosequencing.
Authors: L. C. Krol, N. A. Hart, N. Methorst, A. J. Knol, C. Prinsen, J. E. Boers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

10609 Background: KRAS testing is mandatory if anti-EGFR therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is considered. In addition, BRAF might prove to be as important for successful treatment with panitumumab or cetuximab. To date, molecular analysis is preferably performed on resection material; however, in metastatic disease a biopsy might be the only available tissue. The aim of this study is to analyze KRAS and BRAF mutations in paired biopsy and resection specimens of the primary tumor to explore if biopsy material is sufficient to define the mutational status. Methods: DNA was extracted from a group of 126 unselected CRC patients following macro dissection of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks using the QIAmp DNA FFPE Tissue kit. KRAS and BRAF mutation was assessed using high-resolution melting (HRM) and direct sequencing. Additionally the Therascreen ARMS-scorpion KRAS assay (DxS, Manchester, UK) and BRAF Pyrosequencing (Therascreen BRAF Pyro Kit, Qiagen, Venlo, N.L.) were employed as well; both assays claim to require less tumor cells in comparison with direct sequencing. Results: Six KRAS samples were not conclusive in the HRM, one in the sequence and one in the ARMS-scorpion method and are excluded. BRAF showed no exclusions. BRAF and KRAS were found to be mutually exclusive. Mutation frequencies for KRAS codon 12, 13 and BRAF V600E were 33.9% and 19.0%, respectively. Conclusions: Biopsies and resection specimens of CRC patients showed very high KRAS and BRAF concordance. Biopsies of the primary tumor and possibly metastasis, representatives of the primary tumor, can thus be used for molecular analysis. Number of mutated and wild-type samples found for each method. Percentage concordance between biopsy and resection without the nondetectable samples. KRAS-HRM KRAS-Seq ARMS pcr BRAF-HRM BRAF-Seq Pyroseq Biopsy mutated (n) 40 38 38 22 21 22 Resection mutated (n) 40 40 40 23 23 24 Biopsy wild type (n) 85 87 88 104 105 104 Resection wild type (n) 81 86 85 103 103 102 Concordance (%) 99.2 98.4 97.6 99.2 98.4 98.4
Noninvasive Encapsulated Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid “Cancer” (or Not)
Authors: Kepal N. Patel
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2016)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Progression of Lipoid Nephrosis to Renal Insufficiency
Authors: John P. Hayslett, Leonard S. Krassner, Klaus G. Bensch, Michael Kashgarian, Franklin H. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

In three patients with typical lipoid nephrosis studied at the onset of their renal disorder, chronic sclerosing glomerulonephritis eventually developed over periods varying from one to 17 years. One patient, in whom renal insufficiency progressed rapidly, also had signs of proximal tubular dysfunction. There were no clinical features early in the disease to distinguish these patients from other patients with lipoid nephrosis whose course was favorable. Progression to renal failure apparently represents one pathway taken by a small number of patients with lipoid nephrosis.
Incidence of Legg–Perthes Disease (Osteochondritis Deformans)
Authors: Maureen K. Molloy, Brian MacMahon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

LEGG–PERTHES disease (osteochondritis deformans) is a condition that has received much clinical but little epidemiologic attention. As one of the first requirements for epidemiologic investigation, we have attempted to estimate incidence and attack rates in a defined population.MethodCase FindingThe objective was to identify all children resident in Massachusetts in whom the diagnosis of Legg–Perthes disease was made for the first time during 1964. Three sources were used:Mail questionnaires were sent to the 208 physicians listed in the 1963 edition of the Directory of the American Medical Association as engaged in the practice of orthopedic surgery in . . .
P15 Regional cerebral atrophy and cognitive function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: CC Savage, C Pennington, PW Jones, JW Dodd
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Widespread white matter damage and cognitive impairment have been demonstrated in COPD. However, it remains unclear if regional atrophy is present. We used a simple clinical visual rating scale to measure regional atrophy in a well-characterised population with COPD and compared age-matched controls. We explored correlations with demographics, disease factors and cognitive measures. <h3>Objectives</h3> a) To determine if there are significant differences in regional atrophy between COPD patients and age-matched control subjects. b) To investigate whether patient characteristics or measures of disease severity account for group differences in atrophy severity. c) To seek correlations with regional atrophy. <h3>Methods</h3> A validated visual analogue MRI grading technique was used to assess the degree of atrophy in multiple brain regions in stable non-hypoxaemic COPD patients (n = 25) and age-matched control subjects (n = 25). This study is a further analysis of a previous case-control multi modal cranial MRI study.<sup>1</sup> <h3>Main results</h3> COPD patients had significantly greater frontal atrophy than control subjects (p = 0.01), this was independent of smoking history, comorbidities and hospital anxiety and depression scores. Cognitive function was significantly worse in the COPD group for executive function, working memory, verbal memory and processing speed. Group differences in atrophy did not seem to account for differences in cognitive function. We were unable to identify meaningful correlations between regional atrophy and disease severity or cognitive function. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There is significant frontal brain atrophy in stable non-hypoxaemic COPD patients. This regional atrophy does not appear to be related to disease severity or cognitive function. Further work is needed to identify causative mechanisms behind this structural change. <h3>Reference</h3> 1 Dodd JW, Chung AW, van den Broek MD, Barrick TR, Charlton RA, Jones PW. Brain structure and function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multimodal cranial magnetic resonance imaging study.<i> Am J Respir Crit Care Med</i>. 2012;<b>186</b>:240–245
Youth in Protest
Authors: Dana L. Farnsworth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Abstract The same tide of protest that has swept up so many young people has involved those just beginning their careers in medicine. Medical students and young physicians are demanding reassessment of the priorities of both society and medicine. They are critical of teaching methods and objectives in medical schools, and angry that too close attention to the problems of individual patients has led to lack of concern with pathogenic social conditions. Often, they blame the medical profession for not doing more to solve these social problems and for not providing optimal health care for all persons. Their demands for immediate action often indicate a lack of clear understanding of the immensely complex problems involved in reordering society and delivering health services. Cooperative effort between all concerned persons, older and younger, can bring about not just better treatment of disease, but creation of a better environment for health.
Abstract 1507: Heterogeneity of CD34 and CD38 expression in adult acute B lymphoblastic leukemia cells is reversible and not hierarchically organized
Authors: Zhiwu Jiang, Manman Deng, Yi Lu, Bing Xu, Peng Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The existence and identification of leukemia stem cells in adult acute B lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remain controversial. We examined whether adult B-ALL is hierarchically organized into phenotypically distinct subpopulations of leukemogenic and non-leukemogenic cells or whether most B-ALL cells retain leukemogenic capacity, irrespective of their immunophenotypes. Cells from CD34+CD38-, CD34+CD38+, and CD34-CD38+ subpopulations of primary adult B-ALL xenografts were shown to be capable of reconstituting the original leukemia in NOD-scid-IL2Rg-/- mice. We found that primary leukemia cells from 11 of 25 adult B-ALL patients with different expression profiles of CD34 and CD38 proliferated robustly and became CD34-CD38+ after being co-cultured with OP9 stromal cells. Surprisingly, cultured CD34-CD38+ B-ALL cells were able to reestablish the complete leukemic phenotype in xenografts. Transcriptomic analysis of CD34+CD38-, CD34+CD38+, and CD34-CD38+ fractions purified directly from xenografts and CD34-CD38+ cells from culture revealed no significantly distinct expression profiles of transcription factors among these populations. Furthermore, 5.7% of single adult primary B-ALL cells engrafted in vivo. These observations suggest that adult B-ALL follows the stochastic stem cell model and that the heterogeneity of CD34 and CD38 expression in B-ALL is reversibly dependent on the microenvironment and is not hierarchically organized. Citation Format: Zhiwu Jiang, Manman Deng, Yi Lu, Bing Xu, Peng Li. Heterogeneity of CD34 and CD38 expression in adult acute B lymphoblastic leukemia cells is reversible and not hierarchically organized. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1507. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1507
Case 7-1998
Authors: M. Flint Beal, Jean-Paul Vonsattel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Presentation of CaseA 74-year-old right-handed man was admitted to the hospital because of slowly progressive motor and cognitive difficulties and a right insular lesion.The patient had been well until 52 months earlier, when depression with prominent fatigue, sleep perversion, and severe anxiety developed after the excision of a pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. Amitriptyline was administered, but it made the patient drowsy and confused and was discontinued. Thirty-three months before admission, the patient's family informed his physician that the patient had been disoriented, had memory deficits, and had been unable to calculate a tip at a restaurant. . . .
Demonstration of L.E. Cells at Local Inflammatory Sites in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Pasquale E. Perillie, Paul Calabresi, Stuart C. Finch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE development of lupus cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has been difficult to study, and only limited information is available. The extent to which the L.E.-cell phenomenon occurs in vivo and its importance in the pathophysiology of the disease remain matters of speculation.Rebuck and Berman1 studied the cellular changes leading to the production of L.E. cells on the abraded skin of 2 normal volunteers after the addition of lupus plasma with the serial cover-slip technic. The cells have been found in stagnated blood taken from the fingers of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.2 This technic, however, did . . .
Platelet Transfusions in Pediatrics
Authors: J. J. McGovern
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

THE transfusion of fresh human platelets has been shown to be an effective and practical way to control the hemorrhagic episodes in thrombocytopenia.1 Recently a variety of technics have been devised for the preparation of platelet concentrates that permit prompt infusion of therapeutically effective amounts of platelets without the delay or circulatory burden of a large whole-blood transfusion.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Of these technics, that of Gardner, Howell and Hirsch10 is most applicable to clinical use and has been modified to suit this study. Selected case reports are cited to illustrate the application of platelet transfusions in the management of medical and surgical . . .
Coronary Thrombosis in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: James W. Robinson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IT is well known that the life expectancy of the diabetic patient has been remarkably increased in the past thirty years. During this time acidosis has been assuming progressively less importance as a cause of death in diabetics, whereas the reverse is true of cardiovascular diseases. The importance of coronary thrombosis as a mortality factor has been demonstrated by numerous investigators. Pollack and others,1 Joslin2 and Blumberg and Zisserman3 present figures indicating that 1 of 5 deaths among diabetics is from coronary thrombosis and that this is the most common single cause of death. It therefore appears that additional knowledge . . .
Improving the Use of Intravenous Bisphosphonates in Women With Breast Cancer Metastatic to Bone
Authors: Joanne Mortimer, Mary Mendelsohn
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

The City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center has a long commitment to the creation of and adherence to treatment guidelines. The NCCN Opportunities for Improvement project provided the institution with a report card for adherence to the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Breast Cancer and the opportunity to determine reasons for nonconcurrence and improve concurrence rates. The institution focused on improving compliance with the use of intravenous bisphosphonates in women with metastatic bone disease.