tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unusual Uptake of Radioiodine in a Retroperitoneal Bronchogenic Cyst in a Patient With Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Xue Jiang, Hao Zeng, Jing Gong, Rui Huang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2014)

The incidence of retroperitoneal bronchial cyst is rare and is unusual to be visualized on I scan. We report a 52-year-old man who received I therapy for papillary thyroid cancer. The postablation whole-body scan revealed increased radioiodine activity in the left abdomen. SPECT/CT localized this activity from a soft tissue mass in the retroperitoneal space. A retroperitoneal tumor was considered, and retroperitoneal laparoscopic tumor resection was performed. Pathologic examination confirmed a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst.
Physical Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons
Authors: George G. Deaver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

THE following statement of the purposes of rehabilitation programs1 provides an excellent analysis of the co-operation of all groups that will be necessary:The goal of any rehabilitation program is to achieve the maximum function and adjustment of the individual and to prepare him physically, mentally, socially and vocationally for the fullest possible life compatible with his abilities and disabilities.In the establishment of any rehabilitation project it must be realized that industry is the keystone in the whole structure because industry must take the finished product and, by careful and selective placement, utilize these individuals within their capabilities. Labor . . .
Pilot Neoadjuvant Trial with Combination of Lapatinib and Nab-Paclitaxel in HER2+ Breast Cancer.
Authors: V. Kaklamani, R. Uthe, S. Khan, N. Hansen, K. Bethke, J. Jeruss, M. Cianfrocca, J. Von Roenn, S. Rosen, W. Gradishar
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Lapatinib, a dual kinase inhibitor against EGFR and HER2, has activity in metastatic HER2+ breast cancer. Nab-paclitaxel has been found to be one of the most active agents in metastatic breast cancer. Its combination has not been studied in the neoadjuvant setting. We have conducted a pilot neoadjuvant trial in HER2+ patients (pts) combining lapatinib with nab-paclitaxel.Methods: Females with newly diagnosed breast cancer (stage I-III) received four cycles of lapatinib 1000 mg po/day and nab-paclitaxel 260mg /m2 IV every three weeks. Postoperative therapy was at the discretion of the investigator. The accrual goal of 30 pts has been met. The primary endpoint was clinical response rate (CRR) with secondary endpoints including pathologic complete response (pCR), toxicity, and proliferation, apoptosis and angiogenesis markers.Results: A total of 28 pts have completed all therapy to date. The most common toxicities were rash, neuropathy, fatigue and myalgias. Most toxicities were grade 1/2 although one pt developed grade 3 rash and five pts grade 3 diarrhea. Nab-paclitaxel was dose reduced in 8 and lapatinib in 10 of 104 cycles. No cardiac toxicity was observed. Response data is available on 25 pts. CRR was 88% with four complete clinical responses and 18 patients with partial clinical response. Three patients had stable disease. Four patients achieved pCR.Summary of efficacy and toxicityResponse Non-hematologic ToxicityGrade 1/2Grade 3/4Hematologic toxicity Overall response22 (88%)Nausea7 (25%)1 (3.6%)Anemia9 (32.1%)Complete response4 (16%)Rash19 (67.8%)1 (3.6%) Partial response18 (72%)Fatigue17 (60.7%)2 (7.2%) Stable disease3 (12%)Neuropathy14 (50%)0 pCR4 (19.0%)Arthralgias/17 (60.7%)1 (3.6%) Diarrhea15 (53.6%)5 (17.9%) Conclusions: The combination of lapatinib and nab-paclitaxel is very active as first-line treatment in HER2+ breast cancer. Toxicities, including rash and diarrhea were observed and medically managed. Patients did not receive prophylactic medications for rash or diarrhea Updated clinical data on all 30 patients as well as correlative markers will be presented. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1091.
Multiple Colorectal Carcinomas, Polyposis Coli, and Neurofibromatosis, Followed by Multiple Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: C. B. PRATI, J. A. JANE
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

In their brief communication, Luger et al ( 7) correctly point out the striking difference in response rates between men and women.They also point out that this difference has been reported previously for single-agent dacarbazine (DTIC) chemotherapy as well as some studies in which DTIC was used in combination (2).In 1986 our group reported a striking difference in the male/female response with the combination of lomustine, bleomycin, and cisplatin.Whereas the overall response rate in 15 women was 67%, the response rate in 10 men was 20%.Most striking, however, was that 8 of 11 women with skin and nodal areas of involvement responded to this regimen, and none of 6 men responded (3).We urge investigators to include response by gender in reporting data on the treatment of melanoma.
Abstract 5243: Reductions in hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment after <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>-LLO based immunotherapy
Authors: Reshma Singh, Anu Wallecha
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract As a consequence of increasing growth and outpacing blood supply, tumors become hypoxic as they get larger, with the interior of the tumor becoming extremely hypoxic. This makes therapeutic immune responses difficult, as lymphocytes do not typically infiltrate the interior regions of large tumors due to the hypoxic nature of these tumors. Initial observations in preclinical studies after Listeria monocytogenes (Lm)-LLO based immunotherapy specifically targeted to the hypoxia marker CA9 show the hypoxic nature of the interior of the tumor microenvironment is altered. Initially the tumors are extremely hypoxic (as evidenced by HIF-1α and HIF-2α staining) however, after Lm-LLO-CA9 vaccination they show reduced expression of these hypoxic markers. This change in hypoxia is seen with irrelevant Lm vaccines that overexpress listeriolysin O (LLO) and also with Lm vaccines targeting CA9 fused to LLO: however the change is much more dramatic and complete in the case of the Lm-LLO-CA9 immunotherapy. The irrelevant Lm-LLO effect may be seen due to the fact that the irrelevant vaccine is actually specific for a tumor associated antigen being expressed by the tumor. This does limit the growth of the tumor and may not allow it to reach the same level of hypoxia as an untreated tumor. In current studies, an additional truly irrelevant Lm-LLO vaccine is being added to see if there is a truly Listeria-driven component to the hypoxic changes being observed. As compared to the naïve untreated tumors or an irrelevant Lm-LLO control, tumors treated with the CA9 Lm-LLO immunotherapy show an increase in lymphocyte infiltration into the interior areas of the tumor. Studies are underway to determine if this increase in infiltration has an impact on the regression of these tumors by combining the Lm-LLO-CA9 vaccine with a vaccine that is specific for a tumor associated antigen. In addition, the function of these infiltrating lymphocytes are being studied under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, to determine if the infiltrating cells are functional CTLs after the tumor's hypoxic levels change. Finally, studies are being conducted to determine the exact signaling mechanism involved in the hypoxic changes of the tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5243. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5243
446 IN VIVO ELECTROPORATION SIGNIFICANTLY IMPROVES THERAPEUTIC POTENCY OF A DNA VACCINE TARGETING HEPADNAVIRAL PROTEINS
Authors: G. Khawaja, T. Buronfosse, S. Guerret, F. Zoulim, A. Luxembourg, D. Hannaman, C.F. Evans, D. Hartmann, L. Cova
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Implications of the 2012 Election for Health Care — The Voters' Perspective
Authors: Robert J. Blendon, John M. Benson, Amanda Brulé
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Analysis of opinion polls shows that Obama voters were much more likely than Romney voters to consider health care the most important U.S. problem, that they want the Affordable Care Act implemented, and that they support greater federal government intervention in health care.
The Contractile Apparatus of Airway Smooth Muscle
Authors: NEWMAN L. STEPHENS, WEILONG LI, YING WANG, XUEFEI MA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<DEFINITION OF CONTRACTILI...MECHANICS OF THE ASTHMATI...THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES...PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY ...CONCLUSIONSReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Physical Activity and Human Obesity
Authors: Anna-Marie Chirico, Albert J. Stunkard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THIS report deals with the physical activity and attitudes toward such physical activity of obese and nonobese persons. Recent investigations suggest that reduced physical activity may be important in the pathogenesis of obesity. Mayer et al.1 have shown that the caloric surplus of obese hyperglycemic mice during the active phase of their obesity is due primarily to the fact that they are far less active than their nonobese litter mates. When the "waltzing gene" is bred into this strain of mice, moreover, the resultant increased activity is sufficient to prevent the development of their usual massive obesity. Finally, these authors . . .
Elevated Sweat Chloride Levels Due to Arsenic Toxicity
Authors: Maitreyi Mazumdar, David C Christiani, Subrata K Biswas, O Sharif Ibne-Hasan, Kush Kapur, Christopher Hug
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A study of a population with arsenic in drinking water shows that arsenic toxicity leads to changes in sweat chloride that are similar to those seen in cystic fibrosis.
Inflammatory breast cancer: defining breast magnetic resonance imaging features.
Authors: HT Le-Petross, M Cristofanilli, Y Qing, EF Jackson, Y Gong, B Reed, GN Hortobagyi, WT Yang
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4008 PURPOSE: &amp;#x2028; Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) is an aggressive cancer with radiological and clinical features of a heterogeneous disease. The clinical presentation of IBC is characterized by the sudden onset of breast erythema and edema, often without an associated palpable breast mass. Mammography is associated with variable, not descriptive findings and it is often not diagnostic. We planned to address the role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the breast in women with newly diagnosed IBC.&amp;#x2028; MATERIALS AND METHODS:&amp;#x2028; We performed a retrospective analysis of newly diagnosed IBC cases evaluated at the University of Texas. M D Anderson Cancer Center between December 2003 and February 2008. Baseline breast MRI exams were performed on 1.5-Tesla (T) or 3.0-T GE scanners and included dynamic three-dimensional T1-weighted fast spoiled gradient echo sequences with parallel imaging after a bolus injection of gadolinium based IV contrast. Exams were reviewed in batches and the findings rated in accordance with the ACR BI-RADS MRI Lexicon. The following parameters were evaluated; presence and characteristics of breast masses and skin description. All patients had concomitant mammograms and ultrasound exams.&amp;#x2028; RESULTS: &amp;#x2028; Eighty women with a clinical diagnosis of IBC were included in the study with a median age of 52 years, (range, 25 to 78). MRI detected a primary breast lesion in 80 of 82 symptomatic breasts (98%), compared to only 53 of 78 (68%) with mammogram (p &amp;lt; 0.0001). The most common MRI morphologic characteristic of the lesions was irregular margins (72%) with heterogeneous internal enhancement (82%). Qualitative evaluation of the enhancement pattern demonstrated wash-out in 85% of the cases.&amp;#x2028; MRI detected skin thickening in 90% of the patients (average skin thickness of 8 mm [range, 4-17 mm]), compared to 69% with mammogram. Heterogeneous skin enhancement (82%) and nodular or irregular skin lesions (43%) were identified only with MRI. These skin lesions demonstrated a progressive enhancing pattern, in contrast to the rapid wash-out pattern expected for malignant breast lesion.&amp;#x2028; CONCLUSIONS: &amp;#x2028; This study establishes breast MRI as the most sensitive and accurate imaging modality in assessing the breast of IBC patients. The most common radiological features are represented by the presence of a primary breast lesion and global skin thickening with heterogeneous skin enhancement. The combination of morphology and enhancing pattern may provide information to understand the biology of this disease and accurately monitor residual disease during neoadjuvant therapies. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4008.
In the lab and the field: Punishment is rare in equilibrium
Authors: Simon Gächter
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract I argue that field (experimental) studies on (costly) peer punishment in social dilemmas face the problem that in equilibrium punishment will be rare and therefore may be hard to observe in the field. I also argue that the behavioral logic uncovered by lab experiments is not fundamentally different from the behavioral logic of cooperation in the field.
Abstract 3967: The Cancer Genome Project high throughput analysis pipeline
Authors: Adam P. Butler, Jon W. Teague, Keiran M. Raine, Andrew Menzies, David Jones, John Marshall, Jon Hinton, Serge Dronov, John Gamble, Lucy Stebbings, Alagu Jayakumar, Catherine Leroy, Ultan McDermott, Michael R. Stratton, Peter Campbell, Andy Futreal
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The Cancer Genome Project (CGP) was set up in 2000 to use systematic mutation screening methods to increase our understanding of human cancer. With the advent of next generation sequencing, and the large volumes of data that it generates, a new suite of software was required to rapidly and accurately screen these data for somatic changes. We have built an analysis pipeline to track and analyse large numbers of tumour samples, using in-house and externally available tools. The analysis pipeline is built around a ∼2,000 node compute farm and Lustre filesystem which outputs into our archive and data storage system, FileTrk. FileTrk holds the raw data files (BAM, CEL etc), the results of the analysis and any versioning information about the software used to generate these results. Sample lanes are aligned back to the genome using Burrows-Wheeler Aligner (BWA) and lane-to-lane comparisons are made to ensure data integrity. Lanes from each sample are merged into a single sample BAM file and once 30 - 40x coverage is reached and the lanes have been quality assessed the sample is locked and ready for analysis. Mutation callers detect point mutations (Caveman, in-house software), small insertions/deletions (Pindel), breakpoints (BRASS, in-house software) and copy number changes (ASCAT &amp; PICNIC, in-house software). The resulting mutations are post-processed to remove false positives, annotated to the RNA and protein level using standard nomenclature (Vagrent, in-house software) and uploaded to a database. Interfaces have been developed to enable the selection of random sets of mutations for validation, the outcome of the validations is recorded so specificity can be calculated for each sample in the system. IT systems are being developed to automatically export lists of somatic changes to COSMIC, the ICGC data portal and raw data to the European Genome-Phenome Archive (EGA). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3967. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3967
AB0981 Tendon Involvement in Patients with Gout. an Ultrasound (US) Prevalence Study: Table 1
Authors: L. Ventura Rios, T. Cazenave, M. Audisio, M. Alva, C. Mora, A. Bertoli, L. Santiago, C. Solano, C. Pineda, C. Hernández-Díaz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic gout is characterized by urate monosodium crystals (MSU) deposition in different tissues, mostly in soft tissues and the joints of lower extremities. The prevalence of tendon involvement by gout is not well described <h3>Objectives</h3> To examine the prevalence of monosodium urate crystal deposition in lower extremity tendons in patients with gout using high frequency ultrasound <h3>Methods</h3> A multicenter, international, descriptive, cross-sectional study in which patients with gout diagnosed by ACR criteria were included to assess the presence of US lesions suggestive of gout (hyperechoic nebulous areas with or without acoustic shadowing, and/or hyperechoic punctuate images [1]) in the quadriceps, patellar and Achilles tendons. US abnormalities were compared to those in a chronic non-microcrystalline condition (osteoarthritis [OA]) and healthy volunteer9s tendons. Different US equipments were used; all equipped with linear array probes between 7 to 12 MHz. All individuals underwent a detailed clinical evaluation <h3>Results</h3> Seventy seven patients with gout, 35 with OA and 35 healthy subjects were included. Clinical and demographic data of gouty subjects are shown in the table. Mean age was 41.5±7.98 years for healthy subjects. In gouty patients, patellar tendon was involved in 56% (proximal 35 vs distal insertion 22%), quadriceps 44%, and Achilles tendon in 36%. Hyperechoic nebulous areas without acoustic shadowing was the most common form of tendon involvement. The prevalence of tendon abnormalities was greater in the gouty group compared to OA and healthy controls (0.8% vs 0% [p=0.005]). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Lower limb tendons are commonly affected in patients with gout. <h3>References</h3> Peiteado D, De Miguel E, Villalba A, Ordoñez MC, Castillo C, Martin Mola E. Value of a short full joint ultrasound test for gout diagnosis. A pilot study. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2012;30:830-837 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.5720
Evolution of a Jellyfish Sting
Authors: Vivian Iida Avelino-Silva, Thiago Avelino-Silva
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A healthy 33-year-old woman was stung by a jellyfish on the medial aspect of her left ankle while wading in the coastal waters of North Carolina. Within hours, painful, erythematous, linear, urticarial lesions developed where the jellyfish tentacles had made contact with her skin.
Abstract 1913: <i>FGFR1</i> amplification as a druggable target in lung squamous cell carcinoma.
Authors: Mi Jung Kwon, Seung Eun Lee, Joungho Han, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Jhingook Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Yoon-La Choi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Focal gene amplification is a potential target for diagnosis and therapy in cancer. Fibroblast growth factor receptor-type 1 (FGFR1) may play a role in the pathogenesis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and amplification of the FGFR1 gene is considered a candidate target for treatment of LSCC. The aim of this study was to simultaneously explore copy number changes of FGFR1 and 23 other genes by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), to compare the results with fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) data, and determine the clinicopathological significance of gene amplification. Methods: This study included 81 resected LSCC specimens obtained between 2008 and 2010, and 14 lung cancer cell lines. MLPA was performed using fresh tumor samples and cell lines and FISH was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Results: MLPA showed amplification/gain of MYC (48.1% of LSCCs), AURKA (44.4%), MET (29.6%), KIT (21.0%), and FGFR1 (14.8%). FISH showed FGFR1 amplification in 22 LSCCs (27.2%) using a cut-off value of ≥5. There was high concordance between FISH and MLPA (85.2%). No association between FGFR1 amplification and any clinicopathological variables was observed; however, associations were identified between EGFR and FGFR1 FISH-amplified tumors; PDGFRA and poor differentiation; KDR, ABL1, and MET and age; and SMO and CCND2 and pT stages. Conclusions: Our MLPA and FISH data showed that FGFR1 amplification is a common event, occurring in 15-27.2% of LSCCs. Other amplified genes may be also candidate targets for the treatment of LSCC. Citation Format: Mi Jung Kwon, Seung Eun Lee, Joungho Han, Jin Seok Ahn, Keunchil Park, Jhingook Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Yoon-La Choi. FGFR1 amplification as a druggable target in lung squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1913. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1913
Perturbations of the immune system by xenobiotics.
Authors: M I Luster, M F Ackermann, D R Germolec, G J Rosenthal
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Classically, immunotoxicology has been defined as the study of adverse effect on the immune system associated with exposure to environmental chemicals, pharmacologic agents, and biologicals. Although a multitude of immune system defects may occur, these can be generally categorized as immunomodulation (immune suppression or potentiation), hypersensitivity (i.e., allergy), and autoimmunity. We present here a brief synopsis of the ontogeny of immunotoxicology as a discipline including methodology currently used in our laboratory, as well as in others, for investigating the immunomodulatory potential of chemicals at the cellular and biochemical level. Additionally, we summarize some studies related to the immunosuppressive effects of one particular compound, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Last we discuss potential future directions and challenges in the field of immunotoxicology.
Varicose Veins Demonstrated on Sestamibi Tumor Imaging
Authors: MICHAEL E. SPIETH, DARCY L. KASNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

From the Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine Section,* Marshfield Clinic and Marshfield Medical Research and Education Foundation,‡ Marshfield, Wisconsin Received for publication October 4, 2001. Revision accepted February 19, 2002. Reprint requests: Michael E. Spieth, Department of Radiology, Marshfield Clinic, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, Wisconsin 54449. E-mail: [email protected]