tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SAT0405 The specificity of ultrasound power doppler (USPD) for the diagnosis of inflammatory joint disease:
Authors: M.J. Audisio, A.M. Bertoli, G.E. Py, C. Pineda Villaseñor, C. Hernandez Diaz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Numerous studies have clearly demonstrated that USPD examination of joints is more sensitive than clinical physical examination for the detection of synovitis. Further studies are required, however, to determine how specific is this method for the diagnosis and, eventually, to monitor patients with inflammatory joint disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To determine the specificity of wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints examination with USPD for the diagnosis of inflammatory joint disease. <h3>Methods</h3> The wrist and MCP's of the dominant hand of 248 subjects (101 fulfilling the 1987 ACR criteria for rheumatoid arthritis and 147 controls - 42 with diagnosis osteoarthritis of the hand as per the ACR criteria and 105 with no identifiable joint disease) were examined for the presence and intensity (grade I-III) of USPD signal. The specificity of this method for the detection of synovitis was obtained with 2x2 tables. The analyses were performed for each joint separately and taking them all together. <h3>Results</h3> Among RA patients 79% had positive USPD signal in any of the examined joint while among those patients with non-inflammatory joint disease only 9% had positive USPD signal. In RA patients, USPD signal was more frequently observed in the wrist (66%), MCF2 (66%) and MCP3 (39%). In the control group, USPD signal was more frequently observed in the wrist (9%) and MCP2 (5%). The table below shows the specificity of USPD for inflammatory joint disease at the different joints. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study shows that USPD is a specific method for the diagnosis of inflammatory joint disease and that this is higher with higher signal intensity. When any grade of USPD was examined, the sspecificity for MCP joints is superior compared to the wrist, however, when for grade II and III the specificity of the wrist equal that of the MCPs. <h3>References</h3> Utility of ultrasound joint counts in the prediction of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with very early synovitis. Andrew Filer, Paola de Pablo, Gina Allen, Peter Nightingale, Alison Jordan, Paresh Jobanputra, Simon Bowman, Christopher D Buckley, Karim Raza. Ann Rheum Dis 2011;70:500–507. Ultrasonographic assessment of inflammatory activity in rheumatoid arthritis: Comparison of extended versus reduced joint evaluation. E. Naredo, F. Gamero, G. Bonilla, J. Uson, L. Carmona1, A. Laffon. Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology 2005; 23: 881-884. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
FRI0027 Adam17 influences the gro-a/cxcr2 system expression in sjögren’s syndrome.
Authors: M. D’amore, M. Sisto, R. De Lucro, D. Ribatti, S. Lisi
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Growth related oncogene-alpha (GRO-α), a member of the CXC chemokine family, and its receptor CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) are involved in the inflammatory processes. In many models of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, blockade of CXCR2 substantially reduces leukocyte recruitment, tissue damage and mortality. There are evidences that the CXCR2 expression can also be regulated, by enzymatic cleavage via metalloproteinases. Actually, the ADAM17 inhibitors are under development for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory autoimmune disorders. In addition, the ADAM17 activation was recently associated with the chronic inflammatory condition observed in Sjögren’s syndrome (SS). <h3>Objectives</h3> To better understand the molecular mechanisms by which the GRO-α /CXCR2 system is involved in the SS inflammatory condition and clarify the role of ADAM17 activation in the modulation of the GRO-α/CXCR2 chemokine system in epithelial cells (SGEC) from SS salivary glands. <h3>Methods</h3> RT-PCR, Real Time-PCR, western blot, ELISA, flow cytometry techniques were employed to examine the expression of GRO-α /CXCR2 system in presence or not of the ADAM17 inhibitor TAPI-1 in salivary gland epithelial cells cultures from SS patients. <h3>Results</h3> The CXCR2 overexpression observed in SS SGEC resulted dramatically decreased by ADAM17 inhibitor TAPI-1. In addition, comparing the expression levels of ADAM17 in healthy SGEC in presence or not of GRO-α treatment, we observed that GRO-α, dose-dependently, influences ADAM17 activation, effect that was inhibited by blocking the interaction of GRO-α with its CXCR2 receptor. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data show for the first time that ADAM17 has an important role in GRO-α/CXCR2 system activity regulation, suggesting that regulating CXCR2/ADAM17 interaction could be an attractive therapeutic target in SS. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Pseudomonas Infections in Infants and Children
Authors: Lyal D. Asay, Richard Koch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

THE pseudomonas group of bacteria is composed of gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile organisms that characteristically produce a water-soluble pigment. They occur widely in nature. The type species Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pseudomonas pyocyanea, Bacillus pyocyaneus) is pathogenic for man. It grows readily on all ordinary culture mediums. On agar it forms round, smooth, moist, glistening colonies that have a fluorescent yellow-green color, although much of the pigment diffuses into the medium, coloring it bluish green. Ps. aeruginosa is often regarded not as a cause of severe systemic disease, but rather as a local inhabitant of genitourinary, respiratory and skin lesions; unfortunately, increasing numbers . . .
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Television — Miracles and Misinformation
Authors: Susan J. Diem, John D. Lantos, James A. Tulsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Responsible, shared decision making on the part of physicians and patients about the potential use of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires patients who are educated about the procedure's risks and benefits. Television is an important source of information about CPR for patients. We analyzed how three popular television programs depict CPR.We watched all the episodes of the television programs ER and Chicago Hope during the 1994-1995 viewing season and 50 consecutive episodes of Rescue 911 broadcast over a three-month period in 1995. We identified all occurrences of CPR in each episode and recorded the causes of cardiac arrest, the identifiable demographic characteristics of the patients, the underlying illnesses, and the outcomes.There were 60 occurrences of CPR in the 97 television episodes--31 on ER, 11 on Chicago Hope, and 18 on Rescue 911. In the majority of cases, cardiac arrest was caused by trauma; only 28 percent were due to primary cardiac causes. Sixty-five percent of the cardiac arrests occurred in children, teenagers, or young adults. Seventy-five percent of the patients survived the immediate arrest, and 67 percent appeared to have survived to hospital discharge.The survival rates in our study are significantly higher than the most optimistic survival rates in the medical literature, and the portrayal of CPR on television may lead the viewing public to have an unrealistic impression of CPR and its chances for success. Physicians discussing the use of CPR with patients and families should be aware of the images of CPR depicted on television and the misperceptions these images may foster.
Could Somatostatin Scintigraphy Be Superior to MIBG Scan in the Staging of Stage IVs Neuroblastoma (Pepper's Syndrome)?
Authors: L. Manil, V. Edeline, J. Michon, S. Neuenschwander, H. Lequen, C. Lavocat, J.-M. Zucker
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 4-month-old infant suffering from Stage IVs neuroblastoma (NB IVs; Pepper's syndrome) was repeatedly examined by I-123 MIBG and somatostatin analog in-111 pentetreotide (SMS) scintigraphy, during a 2-year period. Treatment was restricted to surgery of the primary tumor. I-123 MIBG and SMS scan results were positive in the primary tumor and liver, but I-123 MIBG yielded very poor images and failed to reliably detect bone marrow metastases in the lower limbs and skull, whereas SMS precisely visualized these lesions. Six months after diagnosis, the infant was in complete clinical remission. I-123 MIBG and SMS images had returned to normal at 1 year. The prognostic implication of positive SMS imaging, in combination with positive or negative I-123 MIBG scan results, is not known in NB IVs and requires further investigation.
Abstract 4469: S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and colorectal adenoma risk
Authors: Martha J. Shrubsole, Conrad Wagner, Xiangzhu Zhu, Lioudmila Loukachevitch, Reid M. Ness, Wei Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Methionine and its metabolic derivatives regulate activity of most methyltransferases and activity of several enzymes involved in one-carbon metabolism. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the direct metabolite of methionine, is the methyl donor for nearly all methylation reactions in the body. SAM is irreversibly converted to S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), the metabolic precursor of homocysteine. SAH is a potent inhibitor of all methyltransferases. Very few studies have evaluated biological measures of methionine and its metabolites with colorectal cancer. Recently, a large cross-sectional study found plasma methionine was associated with a reduced risk of distal colorectal adenoma. To our best knowledge, no study has evaluated SAM or SAH with colorectal cancer or adenoma. Methods: In this study, we evaluated plasma levels of these markers with risk for colorectal adenoma using a colonoscopy-based matched case-control design. Participants were part of a large case-control study of colorectal adenoma. A subset of cases were individually matched to polyp-free controls in a 1:1 ratio on age, sex, race, study site and date of sample collection. Included in the analysis were 220 pairs of adenoma cases and polyp-free controls. SAM and SAH were measured in a single assay by high-performance liquid chromatography. Sex-specific quantile cutpoints were derived using the distributions among controls. Conditional logistic regression models were used to derive odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for the associations with colorectal adenoma risk after adjusting for age, and other potential confounders. All of the reported P values were two-tailed, and statistical significance was set at 0.05. Result: A statistically significant interaction between sex, SAH or SAM, and adenoma risk was observed. Among women, high SAH was associated with a borderline statistically significant increased risk of adenoma (p for trend=0.08). Among men, both high SAH (OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.16-0.78, p for trend=0.009) and high SAM (OR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.19-0.88, p for trend=0.02) were associated with decreased risks of adenoma. The joint association of SAM and SAH was also evaluated among men. In comparison to men with low SAH and low SAM, men with high SAM and high SAH had a reduced risk of colorectal adenoma. Conclusion: The findings reported in this study are new, suggesting SAH and SAM may be involved in the development of colorectal adenoma. Further studies are warranted. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4469. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4469
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of gastric lesions using the “yo-yo technique”
Authors: Zhichu Qin, En Linghu
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

We read with great interest the article by Baldaque-Silva F et al. [1], who evaluated the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of the “yo-yo technique” during gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This inexpensive technique can improve access to the lesion edges and the dissection plane, which is very helpful to endoscopists performing gastric ESD. Indeed, such papers, which aim to improve endoscopic techniques, are much welcomed.
CALPROTECTINA FECAL COMO PREDICTOR DE LESIONES EN INTESTINO DELGADO DIAGNOSTICADAS CON CÁPSULA ENDOSCÓPICA
Authors: J Egea, F Alberca, FJ Alvarez, E Estrella, RE Jijon, A Pereñiguez, E Sanchez, A Serrano, M Alajarin, A Ono, F Carballo
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Introducción: los niveles de calprotectina fecal (CPF) son proporcionales a la actividad neutrofílica en luz intestinal, siendo este parámetro un marcador inflamatorio enteral útil. Se acepta su uso como predictor de patología colónica, para seleccionar aquellos pacientes que se beneficiarían de una colonoscopia, pero hay escasa evidencia de su utilidad en intestino delgado (ID).
Randomized Trial of Stent versus Surgery for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Kenneth Rosenfield, Jon S. Matsumura, Seemant Chaturvedi, Tom Riles, Gary M. Ansel, D. Chris Metzger, Lawrence Wechsler, Michael R. Jaff, William Gray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2016)

Previous clinical trials have suggested that carotid-artery stenting with a device to capture and remove emboli ("embolic protection") is an effective alternative to carotid endarterectomy in patients at average or high risk for surgical complications.In this trial, we compared carotid-artery stenting with embolic protection and carotid endarterectomy in patients 79 years of age or younger who had severe carotid stenosis and were asymptomatic (i.e., had not had a stroke, transient ischemic attack, or amaurosis fugax in the 180 days before enrollment) and were not considered to be at high risk for surgical complications. The trial was designed to enroll 1658 patients but was halted early, after 1453 patients underwent randomization, because of slow enrollment. Patients were followed for up to 5 years. The primary composite end point of death, stroke, or myocardial infarction within 30 days after the procedure or ipsilateral stroke within 1 year was tested at a noninferiority margin of 3 percentage points.Stenting was noninferior to endarterectomy with regard to the primary composite end point (event rate, 3.8% and 3.4%, respectively; P=0.01 for noninferiority). The rate of stroke or death within 30 days was 2.9% in the stenting group and 1.7% in the endarterectomy group (P=0.33). From 30 days to 5 years after the procedure, the rate of freedom from ipsilateral stroke was 97.8% in the stenting group and 97.3% in the endarterectomy group (P=0.51), and the overall survival rates were 87.1% and 89.4%, respectively (P=0.21). The cumulative 5-year rate of stroke-free survival was 93.1% in the stenting group and 94.7% in the endarterectomy group (P=0.44).In this trial involving asymptomatic patients with severe carotid stenosis who were not at high risk for surgical complications, stenting was noninferior to endarterectomy with regard to the rate of the primary composite end point at 1 year. In analyses that included up to 5 years of follow-up, there were no significant differences between the study groups in the rates of non-procedure-related stroke, all stroke, and survival. (Funded by Abbott Vascular; ACT I ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00106938.).
Endoscopic ultrasound in restaging and predicting pathological response for advanced gastric cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Tao Guo, Fang Yao, Ai-Ming Yang, Dong-Sheng Wu, Xi Wu, Xing-Hua Lu
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Objective: To evaluate the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in restaging and predicting response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Primary jejunal angiosarcoma: an extremely rare tumor diagnosed by means of anterograde spiral enteroscopy
Authors: V. Jayaraman, M. Wilkinson, S. Nagula, M. Siebel, J. Bucobo, S. Zee, J. Buscaglia
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Primary gastrointestinal angiosarcoma is an extremely rare disease. We present a unique case in which endoscopic examination of the deep small bowel was necessary to make the diagnosis using spiral enteroscopy.
Abstract IA22: The application of synthetic lethality as a therapeutic approach to cancer
Authors: Christopher Lord
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract As the search for suitable cancer drug targets becomes ever more difficult, the need for novel approaches to this problem is becoming more apparent. Although first proposed in the 1940s, it is only recently that the concept of using synthetic lethality (SL) to design new therapeutic approaches is being tested both in the laboratory and in the clinic. Two genes or proteins are synthetic lethal when deficiency in either is compatible with cellular viability but loss of both is not. Where one partner of a synthetic lethal relationship is a tumor suppressor gene that is lost in tumors, the other synthetic lethal partner, once identified, becomes a candidate drug target. Using this approach, we have identified PARP inhibition as being SL with loss of either the BRCA1 or BRCA2 tumor suppressor genes and clinical trials testing this approach are now showing considerable promise. Using this and other examples, I will illustrate how the SL approach can be exploited, how novel targets can be identified and how tumor types as diverse as colorectal, breast, prostate, and endometrial cancer could be treated using a SL approach. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; 2011 Sep 14-18; San Francisco, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(18 Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
AB0181 Padi4 haplotype a potential modulator of antigen expression in an immunological environment
Authors: M. G. Zavala, A. Nava, M. C. Moran-Moguel, M. Salazar-Paramo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Peptidil arginine deiminase IV (PAD 4) is the responsible enzyme for a posttranslational modification called citrullination, originating the antigenic determinant recognized by anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (aCCP)<sup>1</sup>. Four SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) have been described in <i>PADI4</i> gene to form a susceptibility haplotype for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)<sup>2</sup>; nevertheless results in association studies appear contradictory in different populations. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of the study was to analyze if the presence of three SNPs in <i>PADI4</i> gene susceptibility haplotype (GTG) is associated with aCCP antibodies positivity in patients with RA <h3>Methods</h3> This was a transversal study that included 86 RA patients and 98 healthy controls. Polymorphisms PADI4_89, PADI4_90 and PADI4_92 in the <i>PADI4</i> gene were genotyped by three polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphisms (PCR_RFLPs) protocols designed by us using Oligo 0.4 software, BLAST, and NEBcutter V.2.0. Haplotype analysis was done using the software PHASE for haplotype reconstruction, and recombination rate estimation using the genotypic data. a-CCP antibodies (IgG) were measured using a commercially available second generation enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay. Clinical parameters included, DAS-28, HAQ-DI and RARBIS Indexes. For statistical analysis allelic and genotypic frequencies were determined by gene count. Cases and control groups were compared using <i>X<sup>2</sup></i> test. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested. <h3>Results</h3> The susceptibility haplotype (GTG) was more frequent in RA patients. There were no associations between polymorphisms presence and high score punctuation in Spanish HAQ-DI and DAS-28, but we did find an association between the RARBIS index and both polymorphisms PADI4_89 and PADI4_90. We could not confirm an association between susceptibility haplotype presence and aCCP antibodies positivity. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Further evidence about the proteomic expression of these genes finally will determine the level of participation of these genes and polymorphisms in the antigenic generation in a system with tendency to autoimmunity. <h3>References</h3> Vossenaar, E.R., et al., <i>The presence of citrullinated proteins is not specific for rheumatoid synovial tissue.</i> Arthritis Rheum, 2004. <b>50</b>(11): p. 3485-94. Suzuki, A., et al., <i>Functional haplotypes of PADI4, encoding citrullinating enzyme peptidylarginine deiminase 4, are associated with rheumatoid arthritis.</i> Nat Genet, 2003. <b>34</b>(4): p. 395-402. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Abstract 5354: Characterisation of the cell line HC-AFW1 derived from a paediatric hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sorin Armeanu-Ebinger, Julia Wenz, Guido Seitz, Ivo Leuschner, Rupert Handgretinger, Jörg Fuchs, Steven W. Warmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Paediatric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has an incidence of 1.5 cases per million children and is linked to viral hepatitis in endemic regions. In Europe childhood HCC mostly arises in otherwise healthy liver and has an unknown ethiology. Current treatment results of HCC are dissatisfactory due to advanced disease at diagnosis and lacking response to chemotherapy. To improve the research of childhood HCC and to address specific therapeutic approaches a preclinical model for childhood HCC is needed. So far, there has been one existing cell line, HepG2, which has lately been discussed controversially as being hepatoblastoma. We established a cell line HC-AFW1 from the tumor of a 5 year old boy. The original tumor histology was characteristic as transitional liver cell tumor including hepatoblastoma and HCC morphology. These histological findings were confirmed through several reference pathology laboratories worldwide. The cell line HC-AFW1 was established by xenotransplantation of original tumor into immuno-deficient mice and re-culturing in vitro. The cell line is in sable culture now for over 8 months with a doubling time of 40 h. Cultured cells present epithelial characteristics and express hepatoma proteins like AFP, glypican 3, E-cadherin, CD10, CD326, HepPar1, Vimentin and Desmin. Catenin beta shows a deletion of 49 amino acids in the exon 3 involving the phosphorylation sites of GSK3 and was detected in cell nuclei. Cytogenetic analysis revealed large anomalies in the chromosomal map. This involves chromosomal aberrations found in hepatoblastoma as well as in adult HCC. Several alterations of gene copy numbers were detected by genome wide SNP array. Among different tested drugs cisplatin and irinotecan showed an effective inhibition of tumor cell growth in an MTT assay at concentration below 5 µg/ml. Transplantation of HC-AFW1 cells into NOD/SCID mice resulted in fast growing dedifferentiated tumors with high levels of serum AFP. This xenotransplants as well as stable cultured cells solely consist of HCC components suggesting a selection of HCC and degeneration of formally hepatoblastoma tumor parts. Therefore, HC-AFW1 is the first paediatric HCC-derived cell line and represents a valuable tool to investigate the biology and therapeutic strategies in childhood HCC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5354. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5354
EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION REDUCED THE RATE OF “RARELY APPROPRIATE” OUTPATIENT TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAMS ORDERED BY ATTENDING CARDIOLOGISTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: David M. Dudzinski, Eric Isselbacher, Rajan Bhatia, Michael Picard, Rory Weiner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Case 8-2015
Authors: Fredrick Wigley, Robert P. Friday, Jo-Anne O. Shepard, Rosalynn M. Nazarian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 68-year-old man was seen in the rheumatology clinic because of increasing skin tightness, joint pain, and edema of the hands and feet. Nine months earlier, he had received a diagnosis of multiple myeloma and had undergone autologous stem-cell transplantation.