tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The future of psychiatry: psychiatrists of the future
Authors: M De Titta, C B Robinowitz, W W More
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The authors' goal was to examine the changing demographic trends in psychiatry manpower. These changes have important implications for the practice of the profession in the future.Each year, the APA Office of Membership, in collaboration with the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training, conducts a census of all residents in psychiatry. A survey instrument is sent to the director of residency training in each U.S. program accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. Using data from this survey and from the American Medical Association, the authors conducted a study of the changes in the number of psychiatric residents over the last decade, particularly the increases in the number and percentage of women in medicine and psychiatry.They found that the number of psychiatric residents has grown from 4,674 in academic year 1978-1979 to 5,829 in 1987-1988, an increase of 25%. The percentage of women has increased from 32% of all psychiatric residents in 1978-1979 to 41% in 1987-1988. The largest proportions of female physicians and psychiatrists were found in the age groups younger than 35.Previously documented gender differences that affect practice patterns and career opportunities may very well change as a function of the increasing representation of women in the profession of psychiatry, and these changes need to be taken into account in planning for future patient care and research needs.
Fluid Intake and the Risk of Bladder Cancer in Men
Authors: Dominique S. Michaud, Donna Spiegelman, Steven K. Clinton, Eric B. Rimm, Gary C. Curhan, Walter C. Willett, Edward L. Giovannucci
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Studies in animals have shown that the frequency of urination is inversely associated with the level of potential carcinogens in the urothelium. In humans, an increase in total fluid intake may reduce contact time between carcinogens and urothelium by diluting urinary metabolites and increasing the frequency of voiding. The data on fluid intake in relation to the risk of bladder cancer are inconclusive.
Phenotypic Variability of Childhood Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Authors: Kayla M.D. Cornett, Manoj P. Menezes, Paula Bray, Mark Halaki, Rosemary R. Shy, Sabrina W. Yum, Timothy Estilow, Isabella Moroni, Maria Foscan, Emanuela Pagliano, Davide Pareyson, Matilde Laurá, Trupti Bhandari, Francesco Muntoni, Mary M. Reilly, Richard S. Finkel, Janet Sowden, Katy J. Eichinger, David N. Herrmann, Michael E. Shy, Joshua Burns
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2016)

IMPORTANCEDisease severity of childhood Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) has not been extensively characterized, either within or between types of CMT to date.OBJECTIVE To assess the variability of disease severity in a large cohort of children and adolescents with CMT.
Case 37-2005
Authors: Keith A. Marill, Patrick T. Ellinor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A 35-year-old man screamed during sleep and became unresponsive. Personnel from emergency medical services found him in ventricular fibrillation; normal rhythm was restored, but he did not regain consciousness. An electrocardiographic examination in the emergency department showed ST-segment elevation, and there was evidence of pseudoephedrine in the serum. The results of cardiac catheterization were normal. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
META-ANALYSIS AND META-REGRESSION OF THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE TYPE 5 INHIBITION IN HEART FAILURE: MORE BENEFIT FOR HIGHER PULMONARY PRESSURES?
Authors: In-Chang Hwang, Yong-Jin Kim, Jun-Bean Park, Yeonyee Yoon, Seung-Pyo Lee, Hyung-Kwan Kim, Goo Yeong Cho, Dae Won Sohn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
1002 INCREASED ACTIN PRODUCTION IN NEUTROPHILS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE REPRESENTS ADAPTATION TO FACILITATE CHEMOTAXIS, PHAGOCYTOSIS AND CYTOKINESIS
Authors: G.K. Manakkat Vijay, G. Vizcay-Barrena, L. Glover, J. Wendon, Y. Ma, B.J. Bain, A. Warley, D.L. Shawcross
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
AB0025 Prevalence of MEFV gene mutations in apparently healthy populations in balkan and central european countries
Authors: M. Debeljak, N. Toplak, N. Abazi, M. Kolnik, B. Szabados, V. Mulaosmanovic, T. Constantin, D. Kuzmanovska, T. Avcin
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is an autosomal-recessive disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of fever and serositis. It is common in eastern Mediterranean population. There are only few FMF patients in Slovenia, Republic of Macedonia, Hungary, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the mutation carrier rate in these countries is not known. So far, over 80 disease associated mutations have been identified in MEFV gene; the most common are M694V, V726A, M680I, E148Q and M694I. The distribution pattern of MEFV mutation along the Mediterranean Sea is not uniform; eastern populations have the highest number of carriers (20-39%) [1], whereas the number of carriers in western Mediterranean populations is considerably lower [2]. <h3>Objectives</h3> The aim of this study was to determine the carrier rate in apparently healthy Slovenian, Macedonian, Bosnian and Hungarian populations. <h3>Methods</h3> We screened 100 subjects from each population. Exon 10 was PCR amplified and screening was performed with dHPLC. All amplicons with detected nucleotide changes were subsequently sequenced with ABI Prism 310 Genetic analyzer. Amplicons of exon 2 were directly sequenced. <h3>Results</h3> Heterozygous mutations were found in 4% of apparently healthy Hungarians, 7% of Slovenians, 8% of Bosnians and in 16% of apparently healthy Macedonians. Mutations found in Hungarian population were as follows: V726A (1), K695R (3). Mutations found in Slovenian population were: V726A (1), K695R (5) and E148Q (1). Mutations found in Bosnian population were: V726A (1), K695R (6) and F756C (1). Mutations found in Macedonian population were as follows: E148Q (8), K695R (7) and M694V (1). <h3>Conclusions</h3> We found higher than expected carrier rate in all populations, from 4% to 16%. It is interesting to note that more than half (60%) of detected carriers in all analyzed populations has K695R mutation. <h3>References</h3> Papadopoulos VP, Giaglis S, Mitroulis I, Ritis K. The population genetics of familial mediterranean fever: a meta-analysis study. Ann Hum Genet. 2008 Nov;72(Pt 6):752-61. Aldea A, Calafell F, Arόstegui JI, Lao O, Rius J, Plaza S, et al. The west side story: MEFV haplotype in Spanish FMF patients and controls, and evidence of high LD and a recombination "hot-spot" at the MEFV locus. Hum Mutat. 2004; 23: 399. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Absence of an Environmental Effect on the Recurrence of Facial-Cleft Defects
Authors: Kaare Christensen, Marianne M. Schmidt, Michael VÆth, Jørn Olsen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The rate of recurrence of a broad range of birth defects may decrease among women who change residence after the birth of their first infant. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of changing residence on the recurrence of congenital facial-cleft defects.We identified 4189 women who had infants with facial-cleft defects by linking a data base comprising the records of children with facial clefts born between 1952 and 1987 with the Central Person Registry in Denmark. Among the 4189 mothers, 1902 each had additional children after the first child with a facial-cleft defect. A total of 2692 younger siblings were identified. We compared the proportion of infants with facial-cleft defects among the younger siblings between mothers who had changed municipalities or sexual partners and those who had not.Changing the municipality of residence did not decrease the frequency with which facial-cleft defects recurred in younger siblings. Among the 907 infants of mothers who changed municipalities but not partners, 29 (3.2 percent) had facial-cleft defects, as compared with 48 (3.4 percent) of 1425 infants of mothers who changed neither municipality nor partner (relative risk, 0.9; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 1.5). However, a change of partner reduced the recurrence risk significantly. Among 236 infants of mothers who changed partners, 1 (0.4 percent) had a facial-cleft defect, as compared with 77 (3.3 percent) of 2350 infants of mothers who did not change partners (relative risk, 0.1; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.02 to 0.9).Recurrence of facial-cleft defects is not linked to the residence of the mother, but having a different partner reduced a woman's risk of having a second child with this defect.
Association between Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Exacerbations of Asthma in Children
Authors: Barbara A. Chilmonczyk, Luis M. Salmun, Keith N. Megathlin, Louis M. Neveux, Glenn E. Palomaki, George J. Knight, Andrea J. Pulkkinen, James E. Haddow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, as reported by parents, has been linked to diminished pulmonary function and more frequent exacerbations of asthma in children with the disease. Further insight into this association might be gained by using urine cotinine levels to measure actual exposure.
Abstract 2975: Rad21, as a high order chromatin architecture molecule, regulates global gene transcription.
Authors: Jiyeon Yun, Sang-Hyun Song, Jee-Youn Kang, Hwang-Phill Kim, Sae-Won Han, Do-Youn Oh, Seock-Ah Im, Yung-Jue Bang, Tae-You Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Rad21 is a subunit of cohesin complex, which is well known to be involved in sister chromatid cohesion at mitotic phase. In recent studies, Rad21 has been also known to be associated with long-range chromosome interaction to dynamically regulate gene transcription. However, Very little is known about Rad21-mediated high order chromatin structure and global changes in gene transcription in human cancer. In this study, we silenced Rad21 gene using Lenti-virus knockdown system and performed transcriptome analysis to verify the changes in gene transcription by knockdown of Rad21. Among genes showing significant transcription changes by the reduction of Rad21, we chose several target genes decreasing its transcription and checked the transcriptional change with passaging over a 60 day period. Interestingly, the change in transcription level of some genes appeared by the earliest passage time point, whereas those of other genes arose during the course of long-term passage. Consistent with gene transcription changes, results from a ChIP assay demonstrated that Rad21-knockdown cells showed low level of Rad21 occupancy and active histone marks (H3K4me3 and Pol2) on the target genes, indicating that dynamic histone modifications also contribute to regulation of the target genes. To figure out whether the reduction of Rad21 binding directly affects the chromatin loops, we applied Chromosome Conformation Capture (3C) -qPCR in Rad21-knockdown cells. The results demonstrated that the decreased Rad21 expression cause overal reduction of locus interaction on the target genes, indicating that Rad21 binding was directly required for long-range interactions at the target gene regions and gene transcription regulation. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrated that long-range chromosome interaction mediated by Rad21 can dynamically regulate global gene transcription in human cancer cells, indicating that it may be important for cancer development. Citation Format: Jiyeon Yun, Sang-Hyun Song, Jee-Youn Kang, Hwang-Phill Kim, Sae-Won Han, Do-Youn Oh, Seock-Ah Im, Yung-Jue Bang, Tae-You Kim. Rad21, as a high order chromatin architecture molecule, regulates global gene transcription. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2975. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2975 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR Annual Meeting 2013 because the presenter was unable to attend.
Gastrectomy in a Community Hospital
Authors: William W. Babson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THIS report is an evaluation of the results of gastrectomy in one surgeon's practice in a community hospital (Addison Gilbert Hospital, Gloucester, Massachusetts) since 1946.Although this procedure is now widely used, and the literature contains many papers on its various aspects,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 no studies regarding its results in community hospitals have been noted. The subject is not static, for mortality and morbidity attend its use and its indications and many technical problems receive wide attention in the published articles.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 In addition, the comparative results of gastrectomy and vagotomy in duodenal ulcer continue to be closely scrutinized.6 , 10 It seems highly desirable, . . .
SP0071 Biologics Therapies - Changing the Podiatry Needs of People with Inflammatory Arthritis?
Authors: L. Edgson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3></h3> Over recent years treatment of inflammatory joint disease has seen dramatic changes with the introduction of 'biological drugs'. Despite benefits of clinical and radiological outcomes for this group, several potentially negative consequences for podiatry have been noted locally. This includes the incidence of foot/ankle tendinopathies and an increased incidence of pedal wounds. As Anti-TNF treatments have been found to lead to increased risk of skin and soft tissue infection timely treatment and patient education within podiatry is vital. This talk will explore the impact of biologics on podiatric practice and both the positive and negative effects they may have for our patients. It will explore the development and experiences of a dedicated podiatric clinic specifically for this patient group, using case examples. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Long-Term Experience with Sulfonylureas and Placebo
Authors: David L. Singer, David Hurwitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE sulfonylurea compounds have been employed widely in the treatment of diabetes mellitus since their introduction in the mid-1950's, and large series are now available outlining the effectiveness, limitations and hazards of their use.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Tolbutamide and Chlorpropamide§ have been under continuous study in the Diabetes Clinic of the Boston City Hospital since each became available, in 1956 and 1958 respectively. In all patients responding to either drug a single blind placebo trial was given. Our long-term experience with these agents, and particularly the additional information derived from the use of the placebo, prompts this additional report.No attempt was made . . .
ASSOCIATION OF VENOARTERIAL EXTRA-CORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION CANNULATION SITE WITH WEANING TIME AND SURVIVAL
Authors: Walter S. Speidl, Georg Goliasch, Christian Roth, Lore Schrutka, Steinlechner Barbara, Gerald Maurer, Herbert Koinig, Klaus Distelmaier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2016)
OPG and PGR Show Similar Cohort Specific Effects as Prognostic Factors in ER Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: T. Karn, N. Sänger, E. Ruckhäberle, G. Bianchini, V. Müller, A. Rody, E.F. Solomayer, T. Fehm, U. Holtrich, S. Becker
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
FRI0537 Self-reported health status and effort-reward imbalance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: J. Richter, R. Brinks, T. Muth, T. Koch, J. Siegrist, P. Angerer, M. Schneider
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Work environment factors influence patients' (life) satisfaction and well being. The model of effort-reward imbalance (ERI) was developed to identify health-adverse effects produced by a stressful psychosocial job-related environment. Research on ERI might contribute to the understanding of factors related to the health status of patients (pts) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). <h3>Objectives</h3> We studied the ERI model and the association with the self-reported health status. <h3>Methods</h3> In a cross-sectional study a set of standardized self-administered questionnaires was applied to RA pts, SLE pts and a control group without an inflammatory rheumatic disease capable for work. General health rating (SF36 item 1) and ERI scales (effort, reward, overcommitment) were studied by logistic regression models with diagnosis (RA and SLE vs controls) as explanatory factor and appropriate confounder control. Odd ratios were calculated. Ethical approval was obtained. <h3>Results</h3> 519 pts (267 RA, 90.2% female) and 177 controls (c) (90.3% female) contributed data. Pts mean age was 44.0±10.4 (c 42.8±9.8) years, mean disease duration 9.7±7.1 years, mean HAQ 1.0±0.5 (c 0.4±0.1). 85.7% self-reported at least one comorbidity (range 0-10), (c 45.2%, range 0-4). After adjustment for age, sex and number of comorbidities, RA and SLE patients (compared to controls) have an odds ratio (95%CI) of 10 (5-19) and 7 (3-14) for poor health status, respectively. For odds ratios (OR) per unit increase of the corresponding ERI scales see table 1. All ERI scales are stable during controlling. Effort and reward scales have a significant impact on self reported health status (p &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> ERI provides a useful tool for identifying health-adverse effects of work. The effort and reward scales were strongly associated to the self-reported health status. For example, an increase in the effort scale by 2 units leads to an 1.21 (=1.10²)-fold risk for poor health status. Presence of RA or SLE leads to a 10 or 7-fold extra increase, respectively. Thus improvement of these issues seems reasonable and needs a multidisciplinary approach, especially for persons with RA or SLE. Further analysis will address pts' perceptions of their job-related burden to develop appropriate support strategies. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> Unrestricted grants Ministry of Innovation, Science, Research and Technology of the German State North Rhine-Westphalia, Deutsche Rheuma-Liga e.V., German LE Self-Help Community, Abbott Immunology Germany, Hiller Foundation <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
SP0094 Links between angiogenesis, inflammation and pain in OA
Authors: D. Walsh
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Structural changes in the osteoarthritic joint that lead to pain remain incompletely understood. OA is characterised by synovitis, loss of osteochondral integrity and new nerve growth into structures such as articular cartilage the inner regions of menisci that normally contain no nerves. Each of these features is associated with new blood vessel growth, and each may contribute to pain. Treatments that reduce angiogenesis also reduce pain behaviour in animal models of OA. Inhibiting angiogenesis reduces inflammation, reduces the vascularisation of articular cartilage, and inhibits endochondral ossification at the joint margin. Angiogenesis is quiescent in most normal mature tissues, including the joint, but is an important physiological process in growth, reproduction and tissue repair. Broad spectrum angiogenesis inhibitors used in oncology have predictable adverse events outside the joint that may preclude long term use in chronic non-malignant disease. However, specific molecular mechanisms regulate pathological angiogenesis in the joint, raising the possibility of targeted anti-angiogenic therapies. For example, vascularisation of articular cartilage requires that osteoclasts cut channels from subchondral bone spaces towards the articular surface. Novel treatment approaches that maintain osteochondral integrity can reduce pain in OA. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> D. Walsh Consultant for: Pfizer Ltd
PARE0002 I know, therefore i can - why we started to issue a e-newsletter
Authors: B. Boteva, B. Ivkov
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> It is known that information is extremely important. We from BOPRD(Bulgarian organization for people with rheumatic diseases) are aware that information for rights, duties and obligations of people with rheumatic diseases which is clear, written in simple language, on time and appropriately, is essential to improve quality of treatment, quality of life and the process of integration In to the society. <h3>Objectives</h3> To provide important information to people with rheumatic diseases about treatment, organization’s life, new activities. To raise awareness about rheumatic diseases and related conditions. <h3>Methods</h3> That is why we from BOPRD came to the idea to start a monthly e-newsletter. We are preparing it together with our friends from BASPS(Bulgarian Ankylosing spondylitis society). The first issue was in the beginning of 2012. The goal of this e-newsletter is to inform the members and supporters of the two organizations about innovations in treatment and rehabilitation;to provide&nbsp; legal information;to inform&nbsp; members of BOPRD and BASPS about future and current projects;In this bulletin we write a lot about current activities, such as charity events, informal meetings, workshops, seminars etc. The e-newsletter contains summarized information of organization’s life, as well as interviews with rheumatologists and organization members. That makes it better than the organization’s websites, where it is easy to lose important information. There is place into the websites of both organizations where people with rheumatic diseases, not only members, can find and read the newsletter. Members receive it on their personal e-mail also. <h3>Results</h3> In that way by accumulation of information and knowledge people with rheumatic diseases are aware about modern treatment, rehabilitation and more effective protection of their rights.. <h3>Conclusions</h3> By preparing e-newsletter we priovide summarized information which is extremely useful for all people who suffer from rheumatic diseases. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> To the editorial team of the e-news letter - Bozhidar Ivkov;Snezhana Bozhinova;ZhivkoYankov;Tsveta Apostolova <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared