tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FRI0371 A Comparison of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) TRIAL Design: Ways to Improve Positive Trials in Sle:
Authors: A. Miles, J.E. Pope
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Recent SLE RCTs were examined for potential design flaws and compared to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) RCT over the same time period to suggest modifications to SLE RCTs that could help improve the potential success rate of future SLE trials. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objectives are to compare RA trials with SLE RCTs of biologics in order to learn how to design potentially successful future RCTs in SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> RA and SLE biologics RCTs published between 2005 and July 2013 were identified using PubMed. Inclusion criteria, study design, outcome measures, sample size calculations, patient baseline characteristics steroid use in the protocol and results were extracted and compared. <h3>Results</h3> Twenty-two RA RCTs and eight SLE RCTs were included. All RA RCTs used either a partial or continuous measure of improvement. SLE RCTs used SLEDAI, BILAG, SLAM, SRI and BICLA. RA trials were larger (543 vs 376 participants). Concomitant corticosteroid use was stable in 100% of RA trials while all SLE RCTs allowed dose tapering. RA trials were mostly in methotrexate or DMARD inadequate responders whereas SLE trials allowed for the presence or absence immunosuppressives within all trials. Sample sizes in RA were determined on a change in disease activity or proportion meeting a disease state. Positive trials were found in 100% of RA RCTs and 25% of SLE RCTs. Table provides some insights from RA to improve SLE trials. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The potential insensitivity of SLE disease activity indices to partial improvements may result in type II errors in SLE RCTs. Varying concomitant pharmacotherapy, especially corticosteroid use, in SLE may blunt observed treatment effects. Steroid tapering should be considered a trial outcome in isolation. More realistic sample size calculations are needed in SLE. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.2728
AB1226 Leptin, adiponectin, resistin, visfatin serum levels and idiopathic recurrent pericarditis: A preliminary report
Authors: L. Cantarini, A. Brucato, G. Simonini, M. Imazio, R. Cimaz, D. Cumetti, M.R. Bacarelli, A. Vitale, M.G. Brizi, M. Galeazzi, A. Fioravanti
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Idiopathic acute recurrent pericarditis (IRAP) represents the most troublesome complication of acute pericarditis and is an autoimmune process (1). White adipose tissue produces more than 50 adipokines that participate in inflammation and autoimmunity (2,3). <h3>Objectives</h3> Our aims were to evaluate serum leptin, resistin, visfatin and adiponectin in IRAP patients versus healthy controls and to correlate their levels to parameters of disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> Serum leptin, resistin, visfatin and adiponectinlevels were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 14 IRAP patients during recurrences(group 1), in 23 IRAP patients during symptom-free intervals (group 2) and in 18 healthy controls (group 3). Assessment parameters included demographic characteristics of patients and controls, clinical characteristics of patients and markers of inflammation. Comparisons between groups as well as reciprocal comparisons were evaluated. <h3>Results</h3> group 1 showed serum leptin (p&lt;0.008), visfatin (p&lt;0.002), and adiponectin (p&lt;0.04) significantly higher than group 2 and control group, whereas resistin serum levels did not significantly differ (p=0.69). Among IRAP patients, serum leptin significantly correlated with serum amyloid A (SAA) levels (r<sub>s</sub>=0.43, r<sup>2</sup>=0.27, p&lt;0.02). Other than this correlation, none of the considered adipokines significantly correlated with the other considered variables in univariate analysis <h3>Conclusions</h3> leptin, adiponectin and visfatin are increased in IRAP patients versus healthy controls. Our data suggest that these adipokines might be involved in IRAP pathogenesis and that a possible increased cardiovascular risk in these patients, through an early onset atherosclerosis, should be kept in mind. SAA might be a link between IRAP and increased cardiovascular diseases. <h3>References</h3> Caforio AL, Brucato A, Doria A, Brambilla G, Angelini A, Ghirardello A, et al. Anti-heart and anti-intercalated disk autoantibodies: evidence for autoimmunity in idiopathic recurrent acute pericarditis.Heart 2010; 96:779-784. Lago F, Dieguez C, Gόmez-Reino J, Gualillo O. Adipokines as emerging mediators of immune response and inflammation. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol 2007; 3:716-24. Lago F, Gόmez R, Conde J, Scotece M, Gόmez-Reino JJ, Gualillo O. Cardiometabolic comorbidities and rheumatic diseases: focus on the role of fat mass and adipokines. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63:1083-90. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
BOOK REVIEWS: Review 1
Authors: S. B. MURPHY
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article BOOK REVIEWS: Review 1 Get access Principles and Practice of Pediatric Oncology. Philip A. Pizzo, David G. PoplackPhiladelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company, 1989, 1150 pp. $125. SHARON B. MURPHY SHARON B. MURPHY Division of Hematology/Oncology The Children's Memorial Hospital Northwestern University Medical School2300 Children's Plaza Chicago, IL 60614 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 11, 7 June 1989, Page 876, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.11.876 Published: 07 June 1989
Abstract 5183: HOXB9 expression as a new metastatic biomarker for human breast cancer
Authors: Hirohito Seki, Tetsu Hayashida, Hiromitsu Jinno, Maiko Takahashi, Michio Sakata, Shigemichi Hirose, Makio Mukai, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: There are several reports showing a HOX gene family, which plays the critical roles for the differentiation during the embryonic stage, is associated with the tumorigenicity. It was demonstrated that HOXB9 is overexpressed in 42% of breast cancers, specifically those with high histological grade, and it defined the functional consequences of elevated HOXB9 expression in breast cancer. Moreover, HOXB9 expression promotes increased neovascularization and tumor metastasis to the lung in mouse xenograft models (Hayashida et al., PNAS, 2010). The purpose of this research is to evaluate the correlation between HOXB9 expression and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Patients and methods: A consecutive series of 141 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma who underwent surgical treatment at Keio University Hospital from January 2004 to January 2005 was involved. HOXB9 expression was analyzed immunohistochemically on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor sections using rabbit anti-human HOXB9 polyclonal antibody. Results: The age at the diagnosis ranged from 30 to 93 years (median age, 58 years), and median observation period was 62.2 months. Of 141 tumor specimens immunostained for HOXB9, 69 specimens (48.9%) were positive staining. Univariate logistic regression revealed ER negativity (p&amp;lt;0.001), PR negativity (p&amp;lt;0.001), HER2 positivity (p=0.031), high nuclear grade (p&amp;lt;0.001) and large pathological tumor size (p=0.002) as significant variables associated with HOXB9 expression. The disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 year was significantly different between the HOXB9 positive group and HOXB9 negative group (HR=8.5, 95%CI 3.3-21.9, p=0.001). A Multivariate analysis indicated that HOXB9 expression was the independent prognostic factor for DFS (Table 1). Number of the patients with lung metastasis was significantly larger in HOXB9 positive patients. Conclusion: These data show that HOXB9 expression can be a new independent prognostic factor in breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5183. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5183
Sick as a Dog
Authors: Clayton L. Foster, Kara Mould, Paul Reynolds, Philip L. Simonian, Kristine M. Erlandson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A 42-year-old man presented to an emergency room in rural Colorado with a 2-day history of fever, cough with scant hemoptysis, chest pain, and myalgias. He reported no sick contacts and no oropharyngeal or gastrointestinal symptoms, rashes, or lymphadenopathy.
Regional Variation across the United States in the Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: S Viskin, I Kitzis, B Belhassen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Background Differences in the management of acute myocardial infarction have been reported among countries, but few studies have investigated this issue in regions of the United States. Methods We compared the management of acute myocardial infarction among census regions across the United States, using data from the first Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries trial (GUSTO-1) comprising 21,772 patients, and from the American Hospital Association. Results We found substantial regional variation in the management of acute myocardial infarction in the United States. Beta-blockers (prescribed for a range of 55 to 81 percent of patients in the various regions), nitrates (prescribed for 61 to 77 percent), and angiotensin-converting–enzyme inhibitors (prescribed for 18 to 23 percent) were used most often in New England, whereas calcium-channel blockers (31 to 42 percent) and lidocaine (14 to 43 percent) were used least often there. Similarly, the prop...
<i>Borrelia hermsii</i> (Relapsing Fever)
Authors: Neil Gholkar, Deborah Lehman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A 13-year-old girl presented with recurrent fevers, up to 104°F (40°C), over a 3-week period, with associated headache, chills, and malaise. She and her family had stayed in a cabin in the eastern Sierra Nevada Mountains 10 days before she first had a fever.
ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH AN INDICATION FOR ORAL ANTICOAGULATION AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT
Authors: Jeffrey Edward Rossi, Brian Bergmark, James McCabe, David Nemer, Andrew Noll, David Okada, Anant Vasudevan, Michael Davidson, Frederick Welt, Pinak Shah, Andrew Eisenhauer, Robert Giugliano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Immunodeficiency in Rhesus Monkeys Associated With the Original Mason-Pfizer Monkey Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M L Bryant, M B Gardner, P A Marx, D H Maul, N W Lerche, K G Osborn, L J Lowenstine, A Bodgen, L O Arthur, E Hunter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The Mason-Pfizer monkey virus (MPMV) was reisolated from a cryopreserved sample of the original MPMV-contain-ing rhesus breast carcinoma, and complete integrated MPMV pro-virus was detected in chromosomal DNA of this tumor. Reanalysis of the in vivo pathogenicity and molecular character of MPMV reisolated from the rhesus breast tumor and analysis of the original MPMV after long-term in vitro propagation in human and rhesus cells show that 1) the original MPMV produces an acquired immunodeficiency similar to that caused by the recently described simian acquired immune deficiency syndrome type D retroviruses, and 2) the MPMV genome and its immunosuppressive effect in vivo have remained stable despite prolonged in vitro passage in human and rhesus cells.
Porcelain Gallbladder Detected on Bone Scan
Authors: JAC D. SCHEINER, DAMIAN E. DUPUY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Bone scintigraphy using Tc-99m MDP is a standard part of the staging process of many malignancies. Sometimes extraskeletal uptake is noted. The authors describe a bone scan in which uptake was noted in the gallbladder wall, corresponding to a "porcelain gallbladder" on plain film radiographs and computed tomography.
Abstract 4949: microRNA (miR) analysis as a tool for discovering platinum resistance mechanisms in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Jair Bar, Carolina Perez-Iratxeta, Ivan Gorn-hundermann, Reid Stefanie, Glenwood D. Goss, Jim Dimitroulakos
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: NSCLC is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment both in the adjuvant and the metastatic settings, but platinum resistance is common. A variety of mechanisms have been reported to underlie platinum-resistance. miRs are short non-coding RNA molecules, each regulating a large number of genes. We hypothesized that in platinum-resistant NSCLC cells, a small number of differentially expressed miRs modulating an abundance of gene products, activate in concert a large number of platinum-resistance mechanisms. Aim: To uncover mechanisms of platinum-resistance in NSCLC, by indentifying miRs differentially expressed in platinum resistant cells. Methods: Platinum-resistant cell lines were created by cisplatin selection of Calu6 and NCI-H23, NSCLC cell lines. RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix miR arrays, followed by TargetScan algorithm analysis. Levels of specific miRs were quantified by RT-PCR (ABI) and were modulated by miR inhibitors (Ambion). Results: Two sets of sensitive (S) and platinum-resistant (R) cell lines were created, each set consisting of a parental S line and several R sub-lines. miR array analysis was performed on the S and R lines. miRs that were significantly more abundant in each of four R lines compared to the corresponding S lines were compiled. Genes predicted to be targeted by each of those miRs with a p value &amp;lt; .05 were tabulated. Surprisingly, only 16 genes were common to those four gene lists, including CDK6, an important G1-S cell cycle regulator. mRNA and protein levels of CDK6 were higher in S compared to R lines, and accordingly, growth rate of R lines was slower. miR145, one of the miRs upregulated in the R lines, is predicted to target CDK6. Transfection of a miR145 inhibitor resulted in a mild increase in mRNA levels of CDK6, supporting its role as a regulator of CDK6. Conclusions: Utilizing a number of biological systems (sets of cells lines) that model the same phenotype (platinum resistance) allows for a robust analysis of the involved molecules. miR profiling of multiple systems can identify genes that are commonly regulated in different systems by different miRs. Using this approach we discovered upregulation of miRs, including miR145, resulting in downregulation of CDK6, as a potential mechanism of platinum resistance in NSCLC. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4949. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4949
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CALCIUM SCORING AS AN ADJUNCT TO STRESS MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SCINTIGRAPHY IN END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE
Authors: William Edward Moody, Erica Lai Sze Lin, Nicola Edwards, Nicola Bloxham, Charles Ferro, Colin Chue, Jonathan Townend, Richard Steeds
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract P3-12-12: HER2 Evaluation in Relation to Breast Cancer Treatment Decisions in a Managed Care Plan
Authors: S Weinmann, KAB Goddard, KE Richert-Boe, C Chen, JE Bulkley, C. Wax
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: In 18-20% of breast cancer tumors, the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene is abnormally amplified with increased expression of the associated protein. HER2 amplification is associated with rapid tumor proliferation, shorter disease-free survival, and poorer overall survival. Because women with HER2 amplification are more likely to benefit from treatment with the drug trastuzumab, testing for HER2 is recommended to guide therapy. However, little is known about HER2 testing practices and associated treatment in real-world settings. This study examined uptake, use, and appropriateness of HER2 testing, and the relationship between HER2 test results and treatment decisions in a large integrated health system. Methods: We identified 3,634 patients with primary breast cancer diagnosed from 1998-2007 who were members of the Kaiser Permanente Northwest health plan. We collected data on patient and tumor characteristics, HER2 testing status, test results, and trastuzumab treatment from tumor registry and pharmacy datasets. We defined women as evaluated for HER2 if they received HER2 testing by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH). We manually abstracted medical charts for a subset of patients to verify findings and investigate anomalies. We compared testing and treatment results to professional guidelines. Results: From 1998-2000, the percentage of patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent HER2 evaluation increased from 12% to 94%; from 2000-2007, 94% (2304/2461) received HER2 testing over all years combined. In most cases, an equivocal or positive IHC test was followed by FISH. Only 2.4% of women with ductal carcinoma in situ (13/538), for whom HER2 testing is not recommended, were tested, and the proportion remained consistently low over the entire study period. Trastuzumab use increased five-fold after 2004, when guidelines expanded to include recommending adjuvant treatment for early-stage breast cancer in addition to metastatic treatment. Ninety-five percent of women receiving trastuzumab had a positive HER2 result, while the remainder had equivocal HER2 results or received treatment outside thedelivery system. After 2004, 55% of women with invasive breast cancer and overexpression of HER2 received trastuzumab treatment; this ranged from 44% of women with localized breast cancer to 80% of women with distant metastatic disease. We estimate that, after correcting for errors in the datasets, professional guidelines were followed for over 97% of patients diagnosed since 2000. Conclusions: Kaiser Permanente Northwest is systematically performing HER2 evaluation on patients with invasive breast cancer, and the information is used to make appropriate treatment decisions. This information should be gathered in other health care settings for comparison. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-12.
Molecular Epidemiology of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Bradley T. Hyman, Rudolph Tanzi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

The apolipoprotein E gene is present in the general population in three alleles, ε2, ε3, and ε4, with ε3 being common and ε2 and ε4 relatively less common. Genetic-linkage and association studies have shown that the ε4 allele is overrepresented1 and the ε2 allele is underrepresented2 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. These observations are now generally accepted and have been replicated in numerous clinic-based, case–control studies. In this issue of the Journal, Polvikoski et al.3 describe the results of an investigation of the relation of the apolipoprotein E genotype to the development of Alzheimer's disease in a prospectively studied cohort . . .
On-Demand Preexposure Prophylaxis in Men at High Risk for HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Jean-Michel Molina, Catherine Capitant, Bruno Spire, Gilles Pialoux, Laurent Cotte, Isabelle Charreau, Cecile Tremblay, Jean-Marie Le Gall, Eric Cua, Armelle Pasquet, François Raffi, Claire Pintado, Christian Chidiac, Julie Chas, Pierre Charbonneau, Constance Delaugerre, Marie Suzan-Monti, Benedicte Loze, Julien Fonsart, Gilles Peytavin, Antoine Cheret, Julie Timsit, Gabriel Girard, Nicolas Lorente, Marie Préau, James F. Rooney, Mark A. Wainberg, David Thompson, Willy Rozenbaum, Veronique Doré, Lucie Marchand, Marie-Christine Simon, Nicolas Etien, Jean-Pierre Aboulker, Laurence Meyer, Jean-François Delfraissy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Antiretroviral preexposure prophylaxis has been shown to reduce the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in some studies, but conflicting results have been reported among studies, probably due to challenges of adherence to a daily regimen.We conducted a double-blind, randomized trial of antiretroviral therapy for preexposure HIV-1 prophylaxis among men who have unprotected anal sex with men. Participants were randomly assigned to take a combination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) or placebo before and after sexual activity. All participants received risk-reduction counseling and condoms and were regularly tested for HIV-1 and HIV-2 and other sexually transmitted infections.Of the 414 participants who underwent randomization, 400 who did not have HIV infection were enrolled (199 in the TDF-FTC group and 201 in the placebo group). All participants were followed for a median of 9.3 months (interquartile range, 4.9 to 20.6). A total of 16 HIV-1 infections occurred during follow-up, 2 in the TDF-FTC group (incidence, 0.91 per 100 person-years) and 14 in the placebo group (incidence, 6.60 per 100 person-years), a relative reduction in the TDF-FTC group of 86% (95% confidence interval, 40 to 98; P=0.002). Participants took a median of 15 pills of TDF-FTC or placebo per month (P=0.57). The rates of serious adverse events were similar in the two study groups. In the TDF-FTC group, as compared with the placebo group, there were higher rates of gastrointestinal adverse events (14% vs. 5%, P=0.002) and renal adverse events (18% vs. 10%, P=0.03).The use of TDF-FTC before and after sexual activity provided protection against HIV-1 infection in men who have sex with men. The treatment was associated with increased rates of gastrointestinal and renal adverse events. (Funded by the National Agency of Research on AIDS and Viral Hepatitis [ANRS] and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01473472.).
Incidental Detection of Oxyphilic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma by 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT
Authors: Paul Lalire, Mohamed Zalzali, Christian Garbar, Claire Bruna-Muraille, David Morland
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2016)

A 70-year-old man with prostate cancer and increased prostate-specific antigen level of 55 ng/mL underwent staging F-fluorocholine PET/CT, which demonstrated the primary prostate tumor and a focal area corresponding to a 2-cm hypodense nodule in the left thyroid lobe. Fine-needle aspiration and subsequent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection showed an oxyphilic papillary thyroid carcinoma and a medullary microcarcinoma. Oxyphilic tumors represent a significant proportion of the few case reports of incidental focal thyroid fluorocholine thyroid uptake.
Late Breaking News: Presidential Veto of NIH Funding Bill Upheld
Authors: D. A. Tisevich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article Late Breaking News: Presidential Veto of NIH Funding Bill Upheld Get access Dorothy A. Tisevich Dorothy A. Tisevich Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 23, 4 December 1991, Page 1719, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.23.1719 Published: 04 December 1991