tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endocrine Control of Mammary-Gland Development and Function in the C3H/He Crgl Mouse&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Satybrata Nandi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Normal mammary-gland development, including prepubertal and post-pubertal changes and changes occurring during pregnancy and lactation, was described for the C3H/He Crgl female mouse. Hormonal control of the various phases of mammary development was studied in hypophysectomized-ovariectomized and hypophysectomized-ovariectomized-adrenalectomized mice. The effects of exogenous ovarian, adrenocortical, and adenohypophysial hormones, administered singly and in various combinations, were observed. Ductal development comparable to that seen in prepubertal and early postpuberal females was induced by a combination of β-estradiol (E) plus deoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) plus cortisol acetate (F) plus bovine growth hormone (STH). Ductal and alveolar development similar to the adult virgin condition was induced by treatment with E plus progesterone (P) plus 100 µg. ovine mammotropic hormone (MH) or STH. Mammary development such as that found in early pregnancy was induced by treatment with E plus P plus DCA plus MH or STH. Mammary development comparable to that seen in the 2nd week of pregnancy was induced by treatment with E plus P plus DCA plus F plus STH or with E plus P plus DCA plus MH plus STH. In animals possessing full lobulo-alveolar development, subsequent treatment with F plus MH plus STH proved to be the most effective lactogenic combination, although some lactogenesis occurred after treatment with F and either protein hormone, alone. DCA was unable to replace the lactogenic activity of F in the above combinations. STH was as effective as MH in the induction of comparable stages of mammary-gland development in the C3H/He Crgl mouse.
Food Poisoning
Authors: K. F. Meyer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

Other Bacterial GastroenteritidesContamination with Esch. coli, P. vulgaris, A. aerogenes or Cl. perfringens, organisms ordinarily considered nonpathogenic by the oral route, has been implicated in food-poisoning outbreaks. The rate rarely exceeds 2 or 3 per cent of the annual total cases of food poisoning, but the outbreaks may involve large numbers of victims. No particular food seems to be responsible, nor do the outbreaks follow a seasonal pattern. With few exceptions the true etiologic significance of the bacteria incriminated has never been satisfactorily proved. Dack12 has dealt with this problem fully, so that attention is called only to . . .
Positive therapeutic response to lithium in hypomania secondary to organic brain syndrome
Authors: A H Rosenbaum, M J Barry
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

A 57-year-old man with no personal or family history of manic-depressive disease developed symptoms of hypomania after a cerebrovascular accident and surgical trauma to the brain. The patient responded well to lithium carbonate treatment over a 2-year period. Although this therapy is contraindicated in cases of organic brain syndrome, the authors suggest that it should be considered in the management of hypomanic behavior following organic brain dysfunction.
OP0100-HPR Does Self-Report of Foot Problems Agree with Clinical Examination in People with Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Authors: O.S. Wilson, W. Briggs, S. Hewlett, J. Pollock, J. Woodburn, E. Quest, C. Swales, J. Kirwan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Data about the frequency of foot problems in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can be obtained through self-report or clinical examination. The level of agreement between these two approaches has not been established in RA. <h3>Objectives</h3> To measure levels of agreement between self-report and clinical examination of foot problems in RA. <h3>Methods</h3> A random sample of RA patients who had self-reported foot problems in a questionnaire underwent a structured foot examination and clinical interview conducted by a single observer (podiatrist). Data collected included: patient demographics and clinical characteristics; whether they had accessed foot care (AFC) services (podiatry, orthotics and/or orthopaedics); impact of foot problems (Foot Impact Scale: Impairment/Footwear (FIS<sub>IF</sub>) and Activities/Participation (FIS<sub>AP</sub>) subscales); and presence of foot problems on examination. Extent of agreement between self-report and clinical examination was measured by the kappa statistic (k). <h3>Results</h3> Of 235 patients invited to participate, 110 (47%) attended; 65 AFC (59%); 77 Female (70%); mean (SD) age 63.1 (11.2) years; median (IQR) disease duration 8.5 (1, 51) years; HAQ 1.25 (0.375, 2.00); FIS<sub>IF</sub> 9 (5, 13); and FIS<sub>AP</sub> 15 (3, 22). The overall frequency of reported and examined foot problems were: toe deformities - 66% and 69%; hallux valgus - 35% and 33%; pes planus - 26% and 56%; callus - 56% and 53%; corns - 12% and 12%; blisters - 5% and 2%; thickened toe-nails - 57% and 45%: ingrown toe-nails - 16% and 15%; joint swelling - 28% and 65%; nodules - 23% and 16%; numbness - 27% and 19%. High agreement occurred for: corns (98%, k=0.913); ingrown toe-nails (97%, k=0.893); and hallux valgus (98%, k=0.959); nodules (92%, k=0.724); callus (84%, k=0.670); toe deformities (86%, k=0.67); and thickened toe nails (80%, K=0.606). Fair agreement was detected for numbness and pes planus (79%, k=0.418 and 76%, k=0.377) but only chance agreement for joint swelling (49%, k&lt;0.01). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Overall, high levels of agreement were detected between self-report and clinical examination for many foot problems, suggesting self-report can be utilised with a high degree of confidence. However, levels of agreement for more complex foot problems (e.g. pes planus) were only fair and patients substantially under-reported features of disease activity (e.g. joint swelling), indicating that clinical examination is required for these features. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared
SNP rs16906252C&amp;gt;T Is an Expression and Methylation Quantitative Trait Locus Associated with an Increased Risk of Developing <i>MGMT</i>-Methylated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Joice Kuroiwa-Trzmielina, Fan Wang, Robert W. Rapkins, Robyn L. Ward, Daniel D. Buchanan, Aung Ko Win, Mark Clendenning, Christophe Rosty, Melissa C. Southey, Ingrid M. Winship, John L. Hopper, Mark A. Jenkins, Jake Olivier, Nicholas J. Hawkins, Megan P. Hitchins
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2016)

Abstract Purpose: Methylation of the MGMT promoter is the major cause of O6-methylguanine methyltransferase deficiency in cancer and has been associated with the T variant of the promoter enhancer SNP rs16906252C&amp;gt;T. We sought evidence for an association between the rs16906252C&amp;gt;T genotype and increased risk of developing a subtype of colorectal cancer featuring MGMT methylation, mediated by genotype-dependent epigenetic silencing within normal tissues. Experimental Design: By applying a molecular pathologic epidemiology case–control study design, associations between rs16906252C&amp;gt;T and risk for colorectal cancer overall, and colorectal cancer stratified by MGMT methylation status, were estimated using multinomial logistic regression in two independent retrospective series of colorectal cancer cases and controls. The test sample comprised 1,054 colorectal cancer cases and 451 controls from Sydney, Australia. The validation sample comprised 612 colorectal cancer cases and 245 controls from the Australasian Colon Cancer Family Registry (ACCFR). To determine whether rs16906252C&amp;gt;T was linked to a constitutively altered epigenetic state, quantitative allelic expression and methylation analyses were performed in normal tissues. Results: An association between rs16906252C&amp;gt;T and increased risk of developing MGMT-methylated colorectal cancer in the Sydney sample was observed [OR, 3.3; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.0–5.3; P &amp;lt; 0.0001], which was replicated in the ACCFR sample (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 2.4–6.8; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). The T allele demonstrated about 2.5-fold reduced transcription in normal colorectal mucosa from cases and controls and was selectively methylated in a minority of normal cells, indicating that rs16906252C&amp;gt;T represents an expression and methylation quantitative trait locus. Conclusions: We provide evidence that rs16906252C&amp;gt;T is associated with elevated risk for MGMT-methylated colorectal cancer, likely mediated by constitutive epigenetic repression of the T allele. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 6266–77. ©2016 AACR.
OP0092 Remission in Sle: Consensus Findings from a Large International Panel on Definitions of Remission in SLE (DORIS)
Authors: R.F. van Vollenhoven, C. Aranow, G. Bertsias, E. Bonfá, R. Cervera, N. Costedoat-Chalumeau, T. Dörner, F. Houssiau, K. Lerstrom, E. Morand, M. Mosca, S. Navarra, M. Petri, M. Urowitz, A. Voskuijl, A. Voss, M. Ward, V. Werth, M. Schneider
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Treat-to-target recommendations identified "remission" as a target in SLE but recognize that there is no generally accepted definition for remission in this disease. <h3>Objectives</h3> To achieve consensus, in a large multi-party international panel, on potential definitions for remission in SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> An international expert panel of sixty rheumatologists, nephrologists, dermatologists, clinical immunologists, and patient representatives participated in preparatory exercises, a full-day face-to-face meeting, and follow-up exercises and electronic voting rounds. <h3>Results</h3> Eight key statements regarding remission in SLE achieved &gt;90% agreement (table). There were different viewpoints on the required duration of remission. In addition, the panel expressed strong support (&gt;90%) for the following <i>principles</i> which will guide the further development of remission definitions: I. <i>A definition of remission in SLE will be worded as follows:</i> Remission in SLE is a durable state characterized by [a definition of: absence of symptoms, signs, abnormal labs, (serology)] Ia. <i>Remission-off-therapy</i> requires the patient to be on no other treatment for SLE than maintenance antimalarials. Ib. <i>Remission-on-therapy</i> allows patients to be treated with maintenance antimalarials, stable, low-dose steroids (prednisone ≤5 mg/d), maintenance immunosuppressives and/or stable (maintenance) biologics. II. Assessment of clinical symptoms and signs should be based on a validated index, e.g., clinical-SLEDAI =0, BILAG D/E only, clinical ECLAM =0; supplemented with PhysGA &lt;0.5 (0-3), and with labs included. III. For testing the construct validity of each potential remission definition the most appropriate outcomes (dependent variables) are: Death, Damage, Flares, and HR-QOL measures. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The work of this international consensus panel provides a framework for testing individual definitions of remission against longer-term outcomes. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> R. van Vollenhoven Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, GSK, UCB, Consultant for: AbbVie, Biotest, BMS, Crescendo, GSK, Janssen, Lilly, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, UCB, Vertex, C. Aranow: None declared, G. Bertsias: None declared, E. Bonfá: None declared, R. Cervera: None declared, N. Costedoat-Chalumeau: None declared, T. Dörner: None declared, F. Houssiau: None declared, K. Lerstrom: None declared, E. Morand: None declared, M. Mosca: None declared, S. Navarra: None declared, M. Petri: None declared, M. Urowitz: None declared, A. Voskuijl: None declared, A. Voss: None declared, M. Ward: None declared, V. Werth: None declared, M. Schneider: None declared
Symptoms are not early signs of ovarian cancer
Authors: M. J Mourits, G. H d. Bock
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Hamilton and colleagues detected significant associations between bloating and increased abdominal distension and diagnosis of ovarian cancer,1 but these symptoms are not early signs of ovarian cancer but of advanced stage disease: an enlarged ovary, omental cake, or ascites. Visiting a doctor will result in diagnosis but not improved prognosis.

Bloating …
An Outbreak of Herpes Simplex among Wrestlers (Herpes gladiatorum)
Authors: Ben Selling, Sidney Kibrick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PRIMARY infection with herpes simplex is not generally manifested by disease. As a result outbreaks of illness due to this agent have not been commonly observed. Small epidemics of eczema herpeticum have been recorded, however, among children hospitalized with eczema1 , 2 and epidemics of herpetic whitlow have occurred at sites of minor nail-bed trauma among hospital personnel who were caring for patients disseminating this virus.3 , 4 This report describes an unusual outbreak of herpetic disease occurring among 5 members of a small amateur wrestling group over a ten-month period. The circumstances under which these infections were acquired indicated that they had resulted . . .
Multimedia: A Season in Hell
Authors: Irene M Peat
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Marilyn French


Virago Press, £15.99, pp 288 




ISBN 1 86049 447 1

———————

Rating: ★★

This is a remarkable true story. In 1992 Marilyn French, best selling author of The Women’s Room, was found to have inoperable squamous carcinoma of the intrathoracic oesophagus, presenting with metastatic supraclavicular nodes. She was told that even with localised disease and intensive treatment the chance of surviving five years was less than 1 in 5 and that metastatic disease meant terminal illness. Although espousing truth and assertiveness in her everyday life, she chose to disregard these figures and decided that she would invent a personal chance of 1 in 4. Five years on and in complete remission, she gives her account of treatment with fluorouracil, cisplatin, and radical radiotherapy and its consequences.

I found this a gripping read and enjoyed trying to piece together what really happened and why, and to anticipate the side effects of treatment as the patient began to notice symptoms. There was a “full house” of acute complications—nausea, mouth ulcers, diarrhoea, neutropenic sepsis, paraesthesia—although when they occurred they seemed to take her medical attendants by surprise. Some mysteries I could not solve: why for instance was she in the intensive care unit for two weeks in a coma?

The fragmented nature of transatlantic care is well illustrated: no one provided overall direction and support, each problem was offered to the appropriate specialist and, when she finally reached the end of her tether in clinic and became impatient and angry, the psychiatrist. The patient herself organised her referrals to over 50 doctors for treatment and second opinion, as well as to alternative practitioners for acupuncture and visualisation, and to nurses and physiotherapists. Holistic care depended on advice from her family and friends rather than from the establishment.

Although they generally did the right thing, most of the medical staff emerge from this account as dogmatic, abrupt, and apparently uncaring. They remained aloof and impersonal, and, because they wished to avoid raising false hopes, were generally gloomy and unwilling even to share her pleasure at the good response to treatment.

Was it all worth it? At present she is a chronic invalid with painful osteoporotic fractures, oesophageal stricture, cerebellar degeneration, diabetes, and kidney stones, spending $1500 a month on drugs and physical treatments, and is by no means an advocate of life at any cost. The final chapter places her experience in context—she feels that response to treatment is a matter of luck and shrugs off the “miracle patient” label. She is eloquent in her description of living for the moment rather than for a delusional and unattainable future ideal. It is a pleasure to read her description of the “plateau of serenity” she has reached, and I hope that this continues.
Soundings: Why do grownups go to work?
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A recent report in the lay press described a qualitative research study in which young children were asked about their experiences at childminders and day nurseries, and about what Mum and Dad got up to at work.

Despite the central concern of middle class parents that their children should be “safe, loved, and learning,” the main determinant of a quality day care experience from the youngsters' point of view was the amount of time spent out of doors. A daily trip to the park—of the kind that would make overtrousers and Wellington boots mandatory—was apparently valued more highly than regular cuddles or a vast selection of educationally sound toys in good repair. The quality, volume, and timing of food came a close second.

The children had little idea of what their parents did all day. Some believed that Mum or Dad spent most of their time on the bus or tube. But the finding that surprised me most was that the children had no notion that their parents might find their work interesting or fulfilling. Many of the young informants reproduced explanations given by guilt ridden parents: “Mummy doesn't like going to work but she has to, otherwise she couldn't afford to buy me toys.”

I immediately consulted my own children, who confirmed that they believed that I hated my job. They readily produced a list of “horrid” colleagues, who clearly treated me unreasonably all the time. They reminded me of the piles of paperwork, which, they had concluded, were dished out on a daily basis by a Dickensian boss. They could not recall any example of a happy or positive experience that I had had at work, except when I had once “got the boss back” for something he had made me do.

After I made a conscious effort to set things straight, my children now know that I go to work out of choice, that I like and respect my colleagues, and that the evening paperwork is mostly self inflicted. They are also newly aware that I find hanging around the school playground mind numbingly boring, and that I'd rather pay someone else to run the taxi service between our house and their friends' houses.

As the researchers predicted, my children do not think any the worse of me for these revelations. In fact, as my younger son put it, “It all makes more sense now.”
European Guidelines for Control and Prevention of Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease: the Italian experience
Authors: M C Rota, M G Caporali, M Massari
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

In Italy, 35 clusters of travel associated Legionnaires' disease were identified from July 2002, when the European Guidelines for Control and Prevention of Travel Associated Legionnaires' Disease have been adopted by the EWGLINET network, to October 2003. Eight per cent (28.6%) would not have been identified without the network. The clusters detected were small, ranging from 2 cases to a maximum of 6. All clusters involved 5 camping sites and 30 hotels/residences, and an overall of 87 patients. The diagnosis was confirmed in 92.0% of the cases and mainly performed by urinary antigen detection (84.7%). A clinical isolate was available only in one case. Following environmental investigations, samples were collected for all the 35 clusters from the water system, and Legionella pneumophila was found in 23 occasions (65.7%). In 15 resorts out of 35, investigations were already in progress at the time of EWGLI cluster notification, since in Italy full environmental investigation is performed even after notification of a single case. Control measures were implemented in all accommodation sites at risk and one hotel only was closed. In all the 35 clusters, reports were completed and sent on time, highlighting that it is possible to comply with the procedures requested by the European Guidelines.
Histochemical Demonstration of Sulfhydryl and Disulfide Groups of Protein&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R J BARRNETT, A M SELIGMAN
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article Histochemical Demonstration of Sulfhydryl and Disulfide Groups of Protein Get access Russell J. Barrnett, Russell J. Barrnett Departments of Anatomy and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, and Yamins Laboratory for Surgical Research, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Mass. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Arnold M. Seligman Arnold M. Seligman Departments of Anatomy and Surgery, Harvard Medical School, and Yamins Laboratory for Surgical Research, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, Mass. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 14, Issue 4, February 1954, Pages 769–803, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/14.4.769 Published: 01 February 1954 Article history Received: 31 July 1953 Published: 01 February 1954
Identification and Characterization of 177 Unreported Genes Associated with Liver Regeneration
Authors: Cunshuan Xu, Cuifang Chang, Jinyun Yuan, Hongpeng Han, Kejin Yang, Lifeng Zhao, Wenqiang Li, Yuchang Li, Huiyong Zhang, Salman Rahman, Jingbo Zhang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2004)

Abstract The mammalian liver has a very strong regeneration capacity after partial hepatectomy (PH). To further learn the genes participating in the liver regeneration (LR), 551 cDNAs selected from subtracted cDNA libraries of the regenerating rat liver were screened by microarray, and their expression profiles were studied by cluster and generalization analyses. Among them, 177 genes were identified unreported and up- or down-regulated more than twofold at one or more time points after PH, of which 62 genes were down-regulated to less than 0.5; 99 genes were up-regulated to 2–10 folds, and 16 genes were either up- or down-regulated at different time points during LR. By using BLAST and GENSCAN, these genes were located on responsible chromosomes with 131 genes on the long arms of the chromosomes. The cluster and generalization analyses showed that the gene expression profiles are similar in 2 and 4, 12 and 16, 96 and 144 h respectively after PH, suggesting that the actions of the genes expressed in the same profiles are similar, and those expressed in different profiles have less similarity. However, the types, characteristics and functions of the 177 genes remain to be further studied.
Whole Exome Sequencing (“mutatome”) Of Deletion 5q
Authors: Naoko Hosono, Hideki Makishima, Bartlomiej P Przychodzen, Andres Jerez, Chantana Polprasert, Yuichi Shiraishi, Kenichi Chiba, Hiroko Tanaka, Satoru Miyano, Kenichi Yoshida, Masashi Sanada, Jacqueline Boultwood, Alan List, Mikkael A. Sekeres, Seishi Ogawa, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Journal: Blood (2013)
Dialysis of schizophrenic patients: a double-blind study
Authors: J A Diaz-Buxo, J A Caudle, J T Chandler, C D Farmer, W D Holbrook
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The authors designed a double-blind hemodialysis protocol consisting of hemodialysis or sham dialysis twice weekly for 10 weeks, respectively. Four patients were carefully selected and evaluated clinically and on the Clinical Global Impression Scale. Three did not show any signs of improvement, and one patient demonstrated questionable improvement but decompensated after 12 additional weeks of hemodialysis. This preliminary study does not confirm the hypothesis that hemodialysis is effective in controlling psychotic symptoms. The authors consider other possibly beneficial treatments for schizophrenia.
Impact Of Thrombin Generation, Tissue Factor Activity and Thrombomodulin Activity On The Positivity Of Assisted Reproductive Technique In Infertile Women
Authors: Emmanuelle Mathieu d'Argent, Patrick Van Dreden, Marjorie Comtet, Vassiliki Galea, Hela Ketatni, Matthieu Grusse, Jean-Marie Antoine, Severine Bouffard, Aurélie Rousseau, Elmina Lefkou, Ismail Elalamy, Grigoris T Gerotziafas
Journal: Blood (2013)