tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMPACTO DEL USO DE SEDACIÓN EN LA CALIDAD DE LA COLONOSCOPIA
Authors: JS Baudet, A Sánchez Del Río
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: El efecto de la sedación sobre la calidad de la colonoscopia no ha sido adecuadamente valorada. Objetivo: Valorar la influencia de la sedación sobre la calidad de la colonoscopia. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo de 7000 adultos consecutivos, remitidos para colonoscopia. Se aleatorizaron a recibir o no sedación. Se recogieron datos demográficos, indicación de la colonoscopia, limpieza del colon, intubación cecal, tiempo de introducción y retirada, adenomas resecados y complicaciones durante la exploración. Cuatro semanas después de la exploración se realizó un cuestionario de satisfacción (GHAA 9-me) y se preguntó por las complicaciones tras la exploración. Resultados: Se incluyeron 5328 pacientes (edad 62 ± 15.22; 47% varones; 3734 con sedación y 1594 sin sedación). No existían diferencias entre ambos grupos. Se alcanzó el ciego con mayor frecuencia (96% vs. 88%; p < 0.01) y en menor tiempo (7'15 ± 3'25 min vs. 10'20 ± 4'14 min; p < 0.05) en los pacientes sedados. El tiempo de retirada fue mayor en los pacientes sedados, sin significación estadística (9'2 ± 2'15 min vs. 8'3 ± 3'12 min; p = 0.1). Se detectó mayor porcentaje de pacientes con adenomas (21% vs. 17%; p < 0.01) y mayor porcentaje de pacientes con adenomas avanzados (5% vs. 3%; p < 0.01) entre los pacientes sedados. La satisfacción de los pacientes sedados fue mayor tanto en la puntuación del cuestionario (23.6 ± 1.5 vs. 16.6 ± 4.8; p < 0.001) como en la valoración de la prueba (2.84 ± 0.852 vs. 1.1 ± 1.9; p < 0.001) como en el porcentaje de pacientes que puntuaban excelente (58% vs. 4% p < 0.001). Tanto las molestias durante la exploración (85% vs. 8%; p < 0,001) como las sufridas en los 30 días posteriores (51% vs. 6%; p < 0,001) fueron más frecuente entre los pacientes sin sedación. Conclusiones: 1. La sedación mejora la calidad de la colonoscopia sin comprometer la seguridad. 2. La mayor tasa de detección de adenomas tiene implicaciones tanto en la práctica diaria, como en los programas de cribado de CCR.
Rising Incidence of Breast Cancer
Authors: N. KRIEGER
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Journal Article Rising Incidence of Breast Cancer Get access NANCY KRIEGER NANCY KRIEGER Epidemiology Program, Haviland 101, Department of Biomedical and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health University of CaliforniaBerkeley Berkeley, CA 94720 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 80, Issue 1, 2 March 1988, Page 2, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/80.1.2 Published: 02 March 1988
ABC of Medical Computing: MANIPULATING AND ANALYSING DATA
Authors: N Lee, A Millman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Spreadsheets form part of a family of tools for storing and manipulating numerical data. At their most basic, they perform the simple arithmetical calculations normally done on a handheld calculator. Several good programs are available that will simulate such calculators. Many of the calculator programs available provide facilities such as scientific functions, weight and measure conversions, and statistical and financial functions. They are often included in a package with other programs such as Windows or WordPerfect.

If you need to perform multiple calculations on a collection of data a spreadsheet program becomes invaluable. Spreadsheets were used before computers for bookkeeping and business accounts. However, maintaining accuracy when adding or performing the calculations on the figures within a spreadsheet was always a problem. A computer spreadsheet overcomes this problem. The calculations are always accurate, and if you make an alteration in a massive spreadsheet, the hundreds of calculations required to update the figures and totals are done in seconds.



WordPerfect's calculator can be turned on by running the macro calc.wpm.



A spreadsheet consists of columns labelled on the top A, B, C, D … and rows labelled on the left 1, 2, 3, 4…. The cells within the table are identified by the column and row label--for example, A1, A2, B1, B2. The column letter always goes first. You can enter numbers, formulas, or words into the cells. Entering a formula instructs the spreadsheet to carry out a calculation on data in other cells. For example, to add all the numbers in a column you would enter the formula B1+B2+B3+B5+B6+B7 into the cell you wish the total to be placed or more simply use the summing function. If any of the numbers are altered the spreadsheet automatically recalculates the total.



The sum function is a quick way of adding up data …
Abstract 3393: Extrinsic uPA initiates glioma stem cell transformation under hypoxic conditions via Lhx-2
Authors: Christopher S. Gondi, Bharathi Gorantla, Swapna Asuthkar, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Emerging evidence indicate that the capacity of a tumor to grow and propagate resides primarily in a small population of tumor cells, which are known as cancer stem cells. The origin of these cancer stem cells remains controversial. Hypoxia promotes tumor progression through multiple mechanisms, including modification of angiogenesis, metabolic switches and invasion. Researchers have demonstrated that hypoxia is one of the factors necessary for neural stem cell tropism to glioma. Although hypoxia has been shown to maintain multiple normal stem cell populations, its role in cancer stem cells is fairly unknown. Recently, researchers have identified hypoxia as a critical microenvironmental factor in regulating self-renewal of cancer stem cells, which is partially mediated by enhancing the activity of stem cell factors such as Oct4, c-Myc and Nanog. In this study, we show that under hypoxic conditions, urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) is one of the factors necessary for the maintenance and transformation of glioma cells to glioma stem cells. Glioma cells grown under hypoxic conditions showed an increase in expression of stem cell markers Oct-4, c-Myc, CD133 and Stro-1. Supplementing normoxic or hypoxic cells with external uPA increased Lhx-2 expression and was not influenced by the presence or absence of native uPA. Hypoxic cells down regulated for Lhx-2 did not show activation of stem cell marker proteins Oct-4, c-Myc, CD133 and Stro-1. Hypoxic cells subcutaneously implanted into nude mice developed at least 2-fold larger tumors when compared to normoxic cells. Intratumoral injection of plasmids expressing siRNA targeting uPA retarded tumor development in both normoxic and hypoxic tumors. In contrast, injection of plasmids expressing siRNA targeting Lhx-2 retarded hypoxic tumors with reduced effect on normoxic tumors. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that a hypoxic environment in a high uPA environment can induce glioma stem cell transformation mediated by Lhx-2 and suppression of uPA and Lhx-2 can specifically target glioma stem cell populations. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3393
OT-10 * IMPLEMENTATION OF NEXT GENERATION COPY NUMBER AND MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS IN ROUTINE NEUROPATHOLOGY: MOLECULAR INVERSION PROFILING IS A HELPFUL TOOL IN DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSTICS AND PROGNOSTIFICATION OF PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMORS
Authors: T. Pietsch, M. Gessi, A. z. Muhlen, E. Dorner, A. Last, P. Sundar
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Brain tumor entities are characterized by specific copy number alterations (CNA), allelic losses/disbalances and recurrend mutations. Emerging technologies including SNP arrays, whole exome and whole genome sequencing are not suitable for degraded DNA derived from formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples. The aim of our study was to analyse the sensitivity and robustness of molecular inversion profiling (MIP) as a tool to identify these alterations in brain tumors and to compare this method to FISH and multiplex ligation probe analysis (MLPA). Genomic DNA extracted from up to 20 years old FFPE materials from more than 1300 brain tumors covering most WHO entities were analyzed by MIP profiling (Oncoscan V2/V3, Affymetrix). MIP revealed genome-wide copy number information from as little as 20 ng of degraded DNA; drop-out rate was <5%. In contrast to FISH and MLPA, MIP allowed a genome-wide analysis, adding significant information to the differential diagnosis. Characteristic CNA were detected, including BRAF duplications in pilocytic astrocytomas, chromosome 22 loss in ATRT, chromosome 10 loss, 7 gain and amplifications of PDGFR or EGFR in glioblastoma, 1p19q codeletion in oligodendroglial tumors, chromosome 2 gain and C19MC amplification in ependymoblastoma. Novel prognostic markers including MYCN amplification in CNS-PNET were identified. Established prognostic markers including MYC/MYCN amplifications in medulloblastomas and chromosome 1q gain in ependymomas were easily detected and validated by orthogonal methods. Extended chromosomal alterations including widespread hyperploidy in plexus papillomas or complex alterations such as chromosomal scattering of whole chromosomes (chromotripsis) in TP53 deficient medulloblastomas were easily uncovered. MIP also detected copy-neutral LOH and recurrent tumor-associated mutations (e.g BRAFV600E, IDH gene mutations). Our data indicate that MIP is a sensitive and robust method to assess CNA, allelic imbalances/losses and specific recurrent point mutations in FFPE tumor material, and therefore represents a novel tool for precise neuropathological tumor diagnostics and prognostic stratification.
FRI0202 Does Disease Activity at Start of Biologic Therapy Influence Productivity Losses in Patients with Ra?
Authors: K. Johansson, T. Olofsson, J. Eriksson, R. van Vollenhoven, H. Miller, I. Petersson, J. Askling, M. Neovius
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Little is known about disease activity at start of biologic therapy and influence on productivity losses. <h3>Objectives</h3> To compare work loss in patients with RA starting their first ever biologic therapy with high vs. moderate disease activity. <h3>Methods</h3> We identified RA patients aged 20-63 years-old from the Swedish Biologics Register who started their first biologic treatment in 2007-2009 with high (DAS28&gt;5.1; n=830) or moderate (DAS28 3.2-5.1; n=843) disease activity. Lost work days were defined as net sick leave and/or disability pension days, retrieved from the Swedish Social Insurance Agency. Between-group mean differences (at month 12 and per annum the year after treatment start) were estimated by adjusting for age, sex, calendar year, education level, disease duration, comorbidity, and lost work days the month before treatment start. <h3>Results</h3> Patients with high vs. moderate disease activity were older (52y vs. 50y; P&lt;0.01), in both groups 77% were women, and mean disease duration was 9y (both P&gt;0.98). During follow-up, patients with high disease activity accumulated 178 annual lost work days compared to 136 in the moderate group (adjusted mean difference, 13; 95%CI 4-21, figure). No between-group difference was detected in patients with no or full-time disability pension at baseline. Among patients with part-time disability pension, those starting treatment at high vs. moderate disease activity had greater work loss. <h3>Conclusions</h3> 1-year work loss after starting biologic treatment was substantial in both patients with high and moderate disease activity, with a between-group difference that was largely driven by differences in baseline disability pension status. Although accumulated disease activity over time is a predictor of many outcomes in RA, disease activity at start of biologics was not a strong predictor of subsequent work loss after adjustment. <h3>Acknowledgements</h3> The ARTIS Study Group conducts scientific analyses using data from the Swedish biologics register (ARTIS) run by the Swedish Society for Rheumatology. For the maintenance of this register, the Swedish Society for Rheumatology has received funding, independent of the conduct of these scientific analyses, from Merck, BMS, Pfizer, AbbVie, SOBI, UCB, Astra Zeneca and Roche. This study further received funding from Pfizer and the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research. These entities had no influence on the data collection, statistical analyses, manuscript preparation, or decision to submit. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.4590
THU0097 Systematic review of the safety of protein kinase inhibitors in clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis:
Authors: E. Salgado, J.R. Maneiro, L. Carmona, J.J. Gomez-Reino
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> The safety profile of the protein kinase inhibitors (PKI) in trials for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is unknown <h3>Objectives</h3> To describe the safety profile of PKI in trials for RA. <h3>Methods</h3> Systematic review of all published studies of eighteen PKI (AMG-548, ARRY-371797, BMS-582949, dilmapimod, doramapimod, pamapimod, PH-797804, SCIO-323, talmapimod, VX-702, VX-745, LY3009104, tofacitinib, ruxolitinib, fostamatinib disodium, imatinib mesylate, masitinib and ARRY-438162) was performed. Medline, Embase, Cochrane, and abstracts from the ACR and EULAR meetings were searched (up to September 2011). The search was limited to interventional studies in humans written in English reporting frequencies of adverse events (AE). Healthy subjects and diseases other than RA were included, with the exception of cancer or intensive care pathology. Two independent reviewers did the selection by title and abstract. MedDRA preferred terms were used for AE definition, and AE were categorized according to MedDRA classification. All AEs were collected. Risk of bias was assessed. Qualitative data analysis by drug and adverse event was performed. Pooled analysis of the raw frequencies of AE with the denominator as the n in all studies reporting the AE was performed. <h3>Results</h3> The search produced 3276 hits. After selection by title and abstract and full reading of the text, 28 studies of 11 PKI with more than 3000 participants were included for detailed analysis. Frequencies of each AE are shown in table. Imatinib and masitinib were the PKI with higher rate of SAEs (44% and 20%, respectively). VX-702, tofacitinib and fostamatinib have the lower number of withdrawals related to AE (3%, 7% and 6% respectively). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In RA, a unique safety profile seems related to the different PK inhibitors. Dizziness, rash and neutrophilia are related with p38 inhibition; cholesterol increase with JAK inhibition; mild transaminases increase, hypertension and diarrhea with Syk inhibition; and headache, rash, peripheral edema, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea with cKit inhibition. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> E. Salgado: None Declared, J. R. Maneiro: None Declared, L. Carmona Speakers Bureau: LC has received lectures fees from Abbott and Pfizer, J. J. Gomez-Reino Grant/Research support from: JJGR has received research grants from Roche and Schering-Plough, Consultant for: JJGR is on the Advisory Boards of BMS, Pfizer, Roche, Schering-Plough and UCB. SA, Speakers Bureau: JJGR has received lecture fees from BMS, Roche, Schering-Plough and Wyeth
Long Road to Authenticity
Authors: Patrick M. Colletti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA Reprints: Patrick M. Colletti, MD, University of Southern California, LAC+USC Medical Center, 1200 N State St 3D&T321, Los Angeles, CA 90033. E-mail: [email protected]. Conflicts of interest and sources of funding: none declared.
Scintigraphic Visualization of Traumatic Leptomeningeal Cyst on Bone Scan
Authors: EMEL CEYLAN, M. FANI BOZKURT, BIRAY CANER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

From Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara, Turkey Received for publication April 22, 2002. Revision accepted June 18, 2002. Correspondence: Emel Ceylan, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]
Abstract 1146: Three-color array CGH differentiates constitutional from acquired CNVs in cancer genomes
Authors: Ursula R. Jewell, So Young Moon, Suzanne M. Benjes, Christine M. Morris
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In recent years microarray-based comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) has become the assay of choice for high-resolution screening of genetic aberrations in research and clinical diagnostics, and has revealed a plethora of small, constitutional copy number variations (CNVs) in healthy individuals. The appearance of these benign CNVs on the array profile affects the ability to identify CNVs that are acquired and pathogenic, in particular if these are also small in size. It is possible to eliminate constitutional CNVs by using a matched self-reference for each sample, but this compromises ability to compare array profiles between different individuals. In addition, the ability to link specific constitutional CNVs or combinations of these to disease susceptibility is lost. We have developed a new 3-color microarray CGH assay which allows identification of constitutional CNVs while retaining the ability to compare between different samples by simultaneous application of two distinctly labelled reference samples. The new 3-color microarray CGH assay uses three spectrally distinct fluorescent dyes to label the test sample, matched self-reference, and generic reference, for simultaneous hybridization to the same array platform. We have applied this new protocol to the analysis of samples from healthy individuals, leukemia patients, and the leukemia-derived cell line K562, and performed pair-wise comparison of 26 array-CGH profiles from the new 3-color array with corresponding profiles from conventional 2-color arrays. Our results demonstrate that introducing the third dye has no adverse effect on array assay noise, as measured by paired ttest of the standard deviation of the log2 ratio of all clones on the 2-color and 3-color array profile. Copy number calls from the new 3-color array assays show a consistency of up to 97% with the corresponding conventional 2-color array assays, equivalent to the level of consistency that was achieved when repeating array-CGH on the same sample using the same protocol. The prevalence-adjusted Cohen Kappa test indicates almost perfect agreement between the new 3-color assay and conventional 2-color assay. Application of the new 3-color microarray assay has enabled us to identify 44 constitutional CNVs in 57% of our leukemia samples. At least one third of these CNVs have been reported as sites of normal copy number variation and are listed in The Human Genome Variation Database. Introducing a third sample into the microarray assay is a new and more economical approach for high resolution genome-wide comparison of DNA, and therefore potentially amenable to uptake in both research and diagnostics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1146.
Usefulness of EUS-FNA for diagnosis in a case of esophageal squamous cell caricinoma like submucosal tumor located in cervical esophagus near pharyngoesophageal junction
Authors: Mizuide Masafumi
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

This report concerns a case of cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) like submucosal tumor (SMT) near pharyngoesophageal junction in that the endoscopic ultrasonography-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) was very effective both for histological diagnosis and decision of treatment. Subject: A 81-year-old man was observed and followed up in our hospital after he underwent an operation for hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric carcinoma at the age of 73. In September 2008, right cervical lymphadenopathy was pointed out and an abnormal accumulation of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) was detected in 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). An abnormal accumulation of FDG was detected also in cervical area of esophagus. However, no abnormalities found in cervical area of esophagus through the endoscopy examination. Percutaneous biopsy of cervical lymphnode revealed low grade SCC with an unknown origin. He underwent a resection of cervical lymphnodes. He continued to visit our hospital as an outpatient. In June, 2010, it was detected that a tumor which has a diameter of sixteen millimeter in cervical area of esophagus as an enhanced mass lesion by enhanced computed tomography (CT). An abnormal accumulation of FDG in the same area was also detected by FDG-PET. In July 2010, he underwent an examination of endoscopy. It revealed that there was an elevated lesion like SMT in cervical area of esophagus near pharyngoesophageal junction. A Bowling biopsy was tried. However, an observation of the tumor in this position was difficult itself, and biopsy could not lead to pathological diagnosis of the lesion. He was admitted to our department for the purpose to take an examination of EUS-FNA for diagnosis. We performed EUS-FNA using twenty-two gage needle made by Olympus. The examination revealed that the tumor was low grade SCC and had a pathological similarities to the SCC of cervical lymphnodes resected in 2008. We diagnosed the tumor as a primary esophageal carcinoma like SMT. Considering patient's age and a state of severe liver cirrhosis, we chose radiotherapy to the tumor. He continues undergoing the radiotherapy. Our report shows very rare case of an esophageal carcinoma. It required a histological diagnosis for decision of treatment. A digestive observation of this tumor was very difficult cause of its location as the part of a cervical esophagus near pharyngoesophageal junction. Furthermore, bowling biopsy could not lead to diagnosis of the tumor. We propose that EUS-FNA is extremely useful for a case in which it is difficult to observe the tumor like SMT by endoscopy examination.
Peer Review Put to the Test: Credibility at Stake
Authors: Cori Vanchieri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1993)

Journal Article Peer Review Put to the Test: Credibility at Stake Get access Cori Vanchieri Cori Vanchieri Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 85, Issue 20, 20 October 1993, Pages 1632–1633, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/85.20.1632 Published: 20 October 1993
Treatment of Brain Metastases of Malignant Melanoma with Temozolomide
Authors: Guido Biasco, Maria A. Pantaleo, Simona Casadei
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

To the Editor: A 57-year-old man presented with an ulcerative, acral–lentiginous lesion on the sole of the left foot. Pathological examination showed a melanoma (Breslow depth, 2.2 mm; Clark level ...